The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924100388143 In compliance with current Copyright law, Cornell University Library produced this replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Standard Z39.48-1992 to replace the irreparably deteriorated original. 2005 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY o^TORy o ^ £ 4^ ^4 mk.'r^ A "l J V A ^ AND I A COUNTIES, PA. WITH lltt^tratwit^t ^'^A i0gra|likal ^lidche, OF SOME OF THEIR PROMINENT MEN and PIONEERS. NEW YORK: W. W. MUNSELL & CO., 36 Vesey Street. 1880. « PRESS OF GEORGE MACN,.MARA, 36 VESEY STREET, N. Y. TABLE OF CONTENTS OUTLlt(K HISTOI|Y OF PENNSYLVANIA CHAPTER I. The Discovery of the Delaware — Pennsyl- vania Granted to and Org-anized by Wil- liam Penn LUZEI^NE COUNTY. CHAPTER I. Helios and Theories of the Earliest Inhabi- tarts of Northeastern Pennsylvania .... CHAPTEE II. Opening of the Historic Period— The Indi- a,is of Wyoming: CHAPTER III. Operations of the Susquehanna Company— The " Pennamite and Yankee " Contest CHAPTER IV. The Pioneers— How they Came, Settled and Developed the Besouroes of the Country CHAPTER V. The Condition of the Pioneers— Their Ways and Means of Livint CHAPTER VI. Old Luzei-ne County in the Bevblution — CHAPTER VII. Civil History— Boundaries, Organization, County Buildings and Civil List — CHAPTER VIII. Iini;al Military Organizations— Service In Canada and Mexico and at Home .... CHAPTER IX. Early Wagon Roads and Mail Bou tea .... 9,10 CHAPTER II. (rerman Immigration — The Administra- tions of William Penn and Sir William Keith 11,12 CHAPTER III. The Question of Taxing the Proprietary Es- tates — Wars with the French and Indians 13, 14 CHAPTER IV. Mason and Dixon's Line— Causes of the Revolution— Patriotic Action of Penn- sylvania — — — — 15,16 CHAPTER V. Revolution in the ProvineialGovernment — Pennsylvania a State— Battles of 1776 and 177T— Indian Warfare 17, 18 CHAPTER VI. Later Evei;ts of the Revolution— War with the Western Indians— Constitutional Chansres 19,20 CHAPTER VII. The Pennamite War— Whiskey Insurrection — " MoUy Maguire " Outrages— The Riots ofl877 80-28 CHAPTER VIII. Harrisbnrg made the Capital— The War of 1812— Internal Improvements — Schools 22-34 CHAPTEK IX. Patriotic Action in the Mexican and Civil Wars 24,85 27-29 30-37 41-45 55-59 64-67 CHAPTER X. History of the Coal Trade in Luzerne and Lackawanna Counties 67-90 CHAPTER XI. River Navigation — The Construction of Canals ' 90-92 CHAPTER XII. The Construction of Railroads in Luzerne County 02,93 CHAPTER XIII. Historical, Agricultural, Medical, Religious and Sportsmen's Associations 93-96 CHAPTER XIV. Opening of the Civil War— Patriotic Spirit in Luzerne, Lackawanna and Wyoming? Counties 97-99 CHAPTER XV. Luzerne in the Civil War— The 8th, 11th and 1.5th Regiments of Three Months Men . . 99-103 CHAPTER XVI. The 28th Regiment 103-107 CHAPTER XVII. The B6th and 41st Regiments (7th and 12th Reserves) .... 107-111 CHAPTER XVIII. Histories of the 40th and 50th Regiments 111-116 CHAPTER XIX. History of the 62nd Regiment 116-126 CHAPTER XX. History of the 53d Regiment 126-129 CHAPTER XXI. The 66th, 57th and 68th Regiments .... 129-135 CHAPTER XXII. The 6Ist and 6tth Regiments 136-140 CHAPTER XXIir. The 74th, 76th and 77th Regiments .... 140-146 CHAPTER XXIV. The 8l6t, 92nd and 96t.h Regiments .... 146-157 CHAPTER XXV. The 107th, 108th, 132nd, 136th and 142nd Regi- ments 158-164 CHAPTER XXVI. The 143d Regiment 165-178 CHAPTER XXVII. The 149th, 161st, 162nd, 163d, 177th, 178th and 194th Regiments — 178-182 CHAPTER XXVIII. An Outline of the Geology of the Wyoming Coal Field 182-191 CITY, TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH HISTOEIES. Wllkes-Barre City and Township 192-236 Bear Creek Township 237 Black Creek Township 237-239 Buck Township 239, 240 Butler Township , 240-243 Conyngham Township 343,244 Dallas Township 244,245 Dallas Borough 245-247 Denison Township 247,248 Dorrance Township 848 Exeter Township ...' 249-253 West Pittstor Borough 262,253 Fairmount Township Foster Township White Haven Borough . Freeland Borough Franklin Township Hanover Township Ashley Borough Nauticoke Borough Sugar Notch Borough Hazle Township Hazleton Borough HoUenback Township Hunlock Township Huntington Township Jackson Township Jenkins Township Yatesville Borough Kingston Township Kingston Borough Lake Township Lehman Township Marcy Township Nescopeck Township New Columbus Borough Newport Township Pittston Township Hughestown Borough Pittston Borough Pleasant Valley Borough Plains Township Parsons Borough Plymouth Township Plymouth Borough Ross Township Salem Township Slocum Township Sugarloaf Township Union Township Shicksliinny Borough Wright Township . 26.3-25B . 855-858 . 368-864 . ' 264 . 264-267 268,289 . 289-272 . 272-378 . 278-280 . 280-883 . 282-293 294 . 295,396 . .. 1-899 300.30; . 301-303 303,304 304-811 . 311-317 318,319 319-381 321,322 383,384 299 . 324-327 327,328 338-340 . 340,345 . 345-348 . 348-354 . 356-363 363,364 . 364-368 366,367 367-.371 371-373 373-376 376, 877 LACKAWANN/ COUNTY. CHAPTER I. Name— First Inhabitants— County Organi- zation-Officials 378 CHAPTER II. The Delaware and Hudson Canal Company —Railroads of Lackawanna County .... 379,380 CHAPTER III. The 13th Kegiment of the National Guard of Pennsylvania 380 CITY, TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH HISTORIES. Soranton and Dunmore Carbondale City Abington Township North Abington Township South Abington Township Glenburn Borough Waverly Borough .... Benton Township Blakely Township Archbald Borough .... Blakely Borough Dickson City Borough Jermyn Borough Olyphant Borough .... 381-438 .... 439-4.53 .... 463,454 .... 464,466 .... 455-4,57 457 .... 457-460 .... 460,461 .... 461,463 .... 462-465 .... 465,466 .... 466,467 .... 467-469 .... 470-472 TABLE OF CONTENTS. =-6;= Winton Borough Carbondale To wnship Clifton Township Covington Township Fell Township Greenfield Township Jefferson Township Lackawanna Township . . Lehigh Township Gouldsborough Madison Township Newton Township Old Forge Township Ransom Township Roaring Brook Township Scott Township Spring Brook Township . , 473 473 .... 473,474 .... 474,476 .... 476,477 .... 477,478 .... 478-480 .... 480,481 .... 481,483 483 .... 483-486 .... 486-480 .... 489,490 .... 490-493 .... 493,493 .... 493,494 .... 494,495 mmi^ coup. CHAPTER I. Rdlics of an Earlier Race— Organization of Wyoming County— GfBoers and Repre- sentatives 496,497 CHAPTER II. The Bench and the Bar of Wyoming Co. 497-499 CHAPTER III. Canal and Railroad Communications in Wyoming County 600 CHAPTER IV. Agricultural Societies— Wyoming County Bible Society— Military Companies 500, 501 TOVTNSHIP AND BOROUGH Braintrim Township Clinton Township Eaton Township Exeter Township Falls Township Forkston Township Lemon Township Mehoopany Township Meshoppen Township Meshoppen Borough Monroe Township Nicholson Township Nicholson Borough North Branch Township North Moreland Township Overfleld Township Tunkhannock Township Tunkhannock Borough Washington Township Windham Township HISTORIES. 603-605 505-507 608-510 510 510-613 513,514 514,515 515-617 617-519 519,620 620-633 533,523 633-626 526 636,537 637,628 538-630 -530-636 635,630 636-638 APPENDIX. LUZERNE COUNTY. The Wyoming Monument— M. E. Chapel, Pleasant Valley— Sheldon Reynolds .... 539 LACKAWANNA COUNTY. Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company (W. W. Soranton's Resignation)— Ministerial and Offlcial Changes-Soranton Fire De- partment— Borough Items 639,640 WVOMING COUNTV. Keystone Academy, Factory ville .... 540 BIOGI^APHIES, Abbott, John Ackerley, A. I. Allen, W.E. Apgar, Jonatlian .. Bard well, H. W. .. Barnes, W. H. Sarthe, E. D. Bauman, Anthony Baur, Robert Beamish, F. A. Benedict, G. W. .. Benedict, S. S. Benner, Sam u el . . Bennet, Charles . . ■ ■ facing ;i M A 454 A M8 K 3:a 6;ma 610 A 354 A 330 A 230 A 438 I 438 L 452 A 348 A 330 H Bennet, D. S Bennett, Ziba Birkbeck, Mrs. Elizabeth Bishop, William Bogert, J. K Bradley, W.H Brigga, C. L. Briggs, J. F. Brown, S. L. Brundage, A. R Brundago, F. M Bryden, Andrew Burgess, A. P Bunnell, F.C Camp, Cyrus D Campbell, John Carey, J. M. Carpenter, James S. Clarkson, James Connolly, D.W Connolly, John F. Cook, A. W. Coon, J. C. Copeland, David Courtright, Benjamin — Crippen, Martin Dana Family Dana, C.H. Dana, Anderson Daniels, W. G Davis, S.D. Day, Alvin Dekin, John De Lacy, Patrick Denison, J. W Dershuck, Peter Dewitt, D. D Dickinson, Miss Susan E. ... Donop, August Dorrance Family Doty,A.H. Drum, G. W Eaton, Alver and James M. Edwards, B.W Bllilhorp, E. L Engle, S. D. Evans, Benjamin Evans, D. J. Evans, R. T. Everhart Family Eynon, Thomas Fassett, John Ferris, William Fisher, C.H Flick, R.J. Foote, John Foster, CD Frear, James Gardner, A. P Oilibs, J. W., Jr Gordon, Lewis Green, A. L. Green, J. D. Hahn, J. L. Hakes, Harry l-Iancook, E. A Hand, D.B. Harding, G.M Harding, Henry Harding, Daniel Hart, Theodore, Jr. Hartman, Mrs. M. L. T. ... Harvey, A.N Hcndriuk, E. B Hice, Gooi'ge l-l(tuhcouk, Ellsha HolUater, Horace Hopewell, J. U Hosic, John Hoyl, H. M Hubler, P. P Hughes, George Hull, Willium Hunt, A. B. Hutchings, W. S Ingham, S. D . facing facing facing ■ facing facing > facing facing 236H 236M 256 404 A 236 A 336 B 454 A 373 A 236B 236M 248 A 330 A 638 A 634A 634B 463 B 534 A 616 A 239 400 437 453 B 236 B 306 A 230 H 470 B 336N 534B 506 A 323 A 468 B 634 F 438 I 438 A 610 A 348 B .534 B 330 A 348 A 306 A 516 A 248 A 464 A 5.38 A 830A 348 A 333 A 438M 433 438 A 535 638 A 470 A 323 E 336 H 464 A 194 506 A 482 A 431 330 P 468 n ;i:!0 A 516 A 236 314 A 438 a ■mo :WOB im) A :j:iO F 372 A 298 B 452 C 330 B 438 B 400^ 438 438 J 230 S 486 B 348 A 470 A 438 C 468 B 616 A Jenkins Family — Jenkins, WlUiam Jenkins, Jonathan Jermyn, John .... Jones, Edward .... Jones, W. S. Jones, H. I. — Jordan, James — Kearney Family .... Kenyon, J. B Kern, J. T. Kieter, N Kintner, J. C Kisner, E. P Koons, William .... Kulp, G. B. Ladd, Horace Lampman, J. S Laning, A. C Lathrope, T. E Law, William .... Lee, Washington, Lee, Andrew — Le Grand, Lewis .... Lewis, E. R. .... Little, R.R. Loomis. O. H Lott, Ziba — Love, Henry — Loveland, William Lynch, J. J. McMillan, James — Macknight, O. B McKlnstry, A. B MeMurtrie, Alfred Merrifield, Edward Merrifield, William Minor, Charles .... Miner, W. P. Miner, C. A. .... Mitchell, John .... Mitchell, H.H Moneypenny, W. B. Monies, W. N Nelson, Reuben .... Nicol, Helen — Nicol, Andrew — Nivison, Mrs. M. C. O'Dounell, James O'Haran, Dennis — Osterhout, P. M Osterhout, Mrs. Sarah Parke, N. G Parsons, Calvin .... Patten, Andrew .... Paine, Lewis C Payne, W. G Payne, H. B Pell Family, Pellam, S. H Pettebonc, Payne Pier, W. H. Piei'son, C. T Pike, Gordon .... Price, C. B. Pughe, Lewis .... Pnrsel, Peter Ruber, Michael .... Reap, Michael — Reynolds, Sheldon Itipplo, E. H Roberts, Henry — Itobinson, Philip, Jr. Robinson, S. B Ross, W. S. Russell, A. H Schirapff, Leopold Schooley, William Sohoonniaker, IT. G. Scranton, J. A Scranton, Mrs. J. H. Seacord, S. H Seamans, G. B Searle, John aud Mary Shaw, William S. Sherwood, Chaunoey 306B 468 B 534B 468 A .... 470 A facing 407 facing 345 470 A ..,j 464 A 470 A 3;WB 438P 516 B 248 C 372 A 446 B 438C facing 201 336 446A 330 B 236 S 2.36 T 236 E 438P 534H .534 A 534 B 516 A 306 C 470 A 330B 344A 486 A 248A facing 430 393 A 236L 336L 336M 344A 534 A 509 393 B 306C facing 4.36 facing 436 facing 433 330B 336E .... .534 C 534 R 330 B 344 A 470 B 236F u«*G 306 C facing ■?«) 454 A 300 D 4:«H 4;s C 5;0 A •M P 438 \) facing 105 .333 A 330 C 530 438D 400 A 333D 438D 236 P 534 A facing 411 330 C 438E 400 B 438S 534 D 330 344A 634 A 506A =J& ^ TABLE OF CONTENTS. Shire, PC. Shoemaker Family Shumaa, J. L., .... Simpson, George SimrcU, E. W Slocum Family Slocum, Joseph .... Sommers, Henry Snowden, E. H Snyder, Nathan Spencer, Edward Stiu-k, Samuel .... Stark Family Stem pies, WUUam Stephens, A. W Sterling, Norman Stevens, Asa B Stevens, C. A Stooker, Thomas Stokes, J. C. Sturdovant, E. W. Stutzbaoh, E. F Stutzbach, August Swetland, W. H Swetland, William Throop, B. H Tresoott, Luther . . . . Tripp, Ira Tubbs, K. M. Turner, S. G Van Bergren, J. B. "Van Sickle, Lewis Vose, T. L. Wadhams Family Wakeman, B. E Walker, A. B Waller, C.P Weaver, P. V Wehlau, Ludwig, Wells, J. C. Wernet, Xa Wer — Whipple, I. E Williams Family Williams, J. J Williamson, J. P Winton, A. H F. p. Wood ward Woodward, S Wright, H.B. Tates, Francis Yost, S. D. Yost, A. F. GEHEALOGICAL /ND PEI|SO^AL I[ECOI|p, Wilkes-Barre City and Township .... 236 A-T Black Creek, Butler, Foster, Hazle and Sugarloaf Townships, Freeland, Hazle- ton, Jeddo and White Haven Boroughs 348 A-F Hanover Township, and Ashley, Nantiooke and Sugar Notch Boroughs 268 A, B Dallas, Fairmount, Franklin, Huntington, , Lake and Ross Townships, Dallas and New Columbus Boroughs 398A-D Kingston TowiLShip and BorouE-h .... 306 A-H Conyngham, Dorrance, Hollenback, Leh- man, Nesoopeck, Newport, Slooum and Wright Townships 322 A-C Exeter, Marey and Pittston Townships, Hughcstown, Pleasant Valley, Pittston and West Pittston Boroughs 330 A-I Jenkins and Plains Townships, YateavUle and Parsons Boroughs 3W A-0 Plymouth Township and Borough and .Tackson Township 354 A, B Hunlock, Salem and Union Townships and Shickshinny Borough 373 A, B Scran ton and Dunmore 438 A-U Carbondale City and Township, Fell and Greenfield Townships 452 A-F Benton, North Abington and South Abing- ton Townships, Glenburn and Waverly Boroughs 454A,B Archbald Borough and Scott Township 464 A-D Jermyn Borough 468A,B 344B 336Q 248 A .... 464 A facing 405 330 C 438 E facing 410 306 P 248A 438 F 534D 330 J 610 A 534 F 634 A 488 F 438 G 344 B 248 E .... 336 J 248 F 438 S 616 A 306 E 438 G 398 C 438 H 373 B 336 E 453 B 454A 516 A 236K 538 A 634 A facing 200 348 A 438 I 308B 368 B facing 404 facing 303 464 A 330 S facing 406 438 U 236H :36 I facing 303 348 A 438 U Blakely, Dickson City and Olyphant Bor- oughs 470A-D Clifton, Covington, Jefferson, Lehigh,Mad- ison, Eoaring Brook and Spring Brook Townships, and Gouldsborough — 482 A, B Lackawanna, Newton, Old Forge andEan- som Townships 486 A-D Clinton, Eaton, Falls and Overfleld Town- ships 506A-D Mehoopany Township 516 A, B Exeter, Monroe and North Moreland Townships .■ 520 A, B Lemon, Meshoppen, Nicholson and Wash- ington Townships, Meshoppen and Nich- olson Boroughs 534 A-G Tunkhannock Township and Borough .... 634 A-H Braintrim, Forkston, North Branch and Windham Townships 638 A-D ILLUSTR^T[01>(S. Benner, Samuel, Conyngham, Ees 345 Bennet, Mrs. Charles, Wilkes-Barre, Bes 316 Birkbeck, Mrs.Josoph, Foster, Homestead — 517 Bishop Bros , Archbald, Store 517 Briggs, 0. L., Dalton, Hes. and B. E. Station. . 454 Brown, S. L. & Co., Willces-Barre, Warehouse. 531 Brundage, F. M., Conyngham, Ees 345 Burgess, A. P., Forkston, Ees. and Store 506 Bunnell, F. C. & Co., Tunkhannock, Bank. . . 533 Carpenter, James S., Mehoopany, Ees. and Factory 033 Coal Chart ; 84 a Court House, Soranton, Lackawanna County 378 Court House, Wilkes-Barre, frontispiece Court House, Tunkhannock, Wyoming Co — 497 Dana, Anderson, Baton, Ees 533 Dekin, John, Dunmore, Hotel 470 Dickson Manufacturing Co., Wllkes-BaiTe, Works 336M Donop, Augustus Von, Freeland, Ees 517 Dorrance, Charles, Kingston, Ees 316 Doty, A. H., Mehoopany, Ees. and Factory.. . 470 Edwards, B. W., Laceyville, Store 310 Ellithorp & Co., West Pittston, Factory 331 Empire Breaker, Wilkes-Barre 341 Bngle, Mrs. John, Sugarloaf, Ees 413 Evans, Benjamin, Nescopeck, Ees. and Mill. . . 351 Fairchild, J. M., Nanticoke, Ees -533 Ferris, Mrs. Anna, Olyphant, Ees 470 Frear, I., Factory ville. Keystone Academy. . . 606 Hancock & Macknight, Phiins, Block 306 B)^ Harding, Mrs. Sally, Exeter, Ees 249 Hazard Manufacturing Company, Wilkes- Barre, Works 318 Heller, Samuel, Wapwallopen, Hes 344 Hendrlck, E. E., Carbondale, Ees 443 Hice, George, Exeter, Ees 351 Hughes, Geoj-ge, Butler, Ees 340 Hunt Brothers & Co., Soranton, Block — — 413 Hunt, C. P. & Brother, Wilkes-Barre, Stove ■J3li% Jenkins, Jabez, Tunkhannock, Bes " 630 Jennings, J. T., Mehoopany....: 332 Konnard, George L., Laceyville, Hotel 310 Korn, J. T. & Ellen, E.Kcter, Res..: 349 Mahon, William, Olyphant, Hotel and Store.. 517 Malliockrodt Convent, Wilkes-Barre 334 Mc Jvinstry, A. B., Pchultzville, Farm and Tan- nery ' ■■ 458 McMurtrie, Alfred, Sugarloaf, Ees 316 McNeish, Alexander and Snyder, Nanticoke, Block 507 Map of Luzerne, Lackawanna and Wyoming Counties r 8 Map of Wyoming Coal Fields 183 Mitchell, H. H., Lemon, Ees 617 Miner, CharlesA., Wilkes-Barre, Ees 317 Lee, Andrew, Wilkes-Barre, Ees 198 Lee Arms Company, Sturmerville, Works — 351 Le Grand Lewis, Wilkes-Barre, Factory 379 Loomis, 0. H., Meshoppen, Ees 497 Loveland, William, Kingston, Bes 311 Osterhout, P. M., La Grange, Homestead 506 Osterhout, P. M., Tunkhannock, Ees 538 Paine, Lewis C, Wilkes-Barre, Ees 217 Patterson Grove Camp Ground, Fairmount following 354 Payne, W. G., Kingston, Res 311 Pellam, S. H., North Abington, Ees 455 Pettebone, Payne, Wyoming, Res 316 Price, C. B. & Son, Wilkes-Barre, turning and planing-mill 236!^ Raber, Michael, Nescopeck, Ees 454B Eeichard's Brewery, WUkes-Barre 23ejij Eobinson, E., Scran ton. Brewery 411 Boss, W. S., Wilkes-Barre, Ees '■ 316 Schlmpff, L., Scranton, Eobinson's Brewery. . 411 Schooley, WlUlam, Exeter, Bes 250 Sohoonmaker, U. G., Scranton, Hotel 397 Seaoord, S. H., Tunkhannock, Hotel 628 Shaw, Williams., East Lemon, Ees 533 Shive, Peter C, Plains, Bes, and OfBoe 340 Shuman, J. L., Wapwallopen, Bes 454B Simpson, G. and A., Greenfield, Hotel 390 Sketches— Luzerne County 378 St. Mary's Academy, D. O'Haran, Wilkes- Barre 342 St. Mary's Church, D. O'Haran, Wilkes-Barre 334 St. Mary's Church and Parsonage, Pleasant Valley 379 St.Patrick's Church, Olyphant 470 St. Thomas' Church, N. J. McManus, Archbald 507 Stark, Mrs. James F., Plains, Ees: 219 Stark, Mrs. Samuel, Tunkhannock, Bes 638 Sterling, Norman, Meshoppen, Res 628 Stocker, Tammie H., Plains, Res 343 Sturdevant, B. W., Wilkes-Barre, Hes 218 Snyder, Nathan, Sugarloaf, Bes 368 Tripp, Ira, Soranton, Ees 386 Union Stove Works, Pittston 331 Van Bergen & Co., Carbondale, Foundry and Shop 442 Van Sickle, L., Waverly, Bes 469 Vulcan Iron Works, Wilkes-Barre 236M Wadhams House, Plymouth 458 Wakeman, B. B., Laceyville, Ees .". 310 Wells, John C, Ashley, Union Hall 270 Wernet, Xavier, Nantiooke, Hotel 1507 Whipple L E., Soranton, Hotel 404 Wilkes-Barre in 1830 frontispiece Woodward, S., Wilkes-Barre, Lord Butler House 343 Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, D. Copeland Principal 313 Wyoming Valley Manufacturing Company, Elchard Sharpe President, Wilkes-Barre. . . .236)4 Yost, S. D., Sugarloaf, Ees 368 P0I|TR/1TS. Abbott, John, Plains 355 Ackerley, A. I., South Abington 330 K Ackerley, Mrs. A. I., South Abington 330 K Allen.W. E., Scranton 438 K Apgar, Jonathan, Dunmore 333 Apgar, Cornelia D 333 Bardwell, H. W., Tunkhannock 333 A Barnes, William H., Mehoopany 413 Bennet, Charles, Wilkes-Barre. . . .following 336 H Bennet, Sarah S., " " ....preceding 236 1 Bonnet, D. S., " " 215 Bennet, Ziba " " 76 Billings, Paul, Tunkhannock 241 Birkbeck, Mrs., Foster 517 Brigg.s, C. L., Dalton 454 Briggs, Mrs. C. L., Diilton 454 Briggs, J. F., Shickshinny 364 Brundage, A. E., Wilkes-Barre 236 M Bryden, Andrew, Pittston 282 Bunnell, F. C, Tunkhannock 534 A Campbell, John, Carbondale 317 Campbell, W. A., Shickshinny 264 ■*- Carey, J. M., Meshoppen 518 Clarkson, James, Carbondale 239 Connolly, D. W., Scranton 400 Connolly, John F., Soranton 4.37 Courtright, Benjamin, Plains 265 Crippen, Martin, Olyphant 387 Dana, C. H., Tunkhannock 629 Dana, E. L., Wilkes-Barre 230 N Daniels, W. G., Scranton 322 A Davis, Sumner D., Jermyn 387 w D^ekin, John, Dunmore S82 De Lacey, P., Seranton 438A Denison, J. W., Mehoopany 413 Dewitt, David D., Tunkhannock 616 B Dickinson. Susan E.. Pitaton 330 A Dorrance, C, Wilkes-Barre following 306 Drum, Abraham, Butler 369 Drum, George W., Conyngham 369 Eaton, Alver, Arohhald 454 A Engle, Stephen D., Hazleton 369 Evanfi, Benjamin, Nescopeck 333 A Evane, Heese T., Seranton 433 Everhart, James M., Seranton — following 438 Everhart, I. P., Seranton preceding 438 A Eynon, Thomas, Seranton 525 Fassett, John, Soottsville 519 Fassett, Mrs. John, Soottsville 519 Ferris, William, Olyphant 330 K Fisher, C. H., Seranton 322 E Flick, R. J., Wilkes-Barre 208 Foote, John, Archbald 387 Foster. Charles D., Wilkes-Barre 194 Gardner, A. P., Roaring Brook 470 A Glhbs, J. W., jr., Seranton 431 Green, Alfred L., Jermyn 470 A Hahn, John L., Mehoopany 518 Hakes, H., Wilkes-Barre 336 Hancock, E. A., Plains 306 D)^ Hand, D. B., Seranton 398 Harding, Daniel, Exeter 330 A Harding, Garrick M., Wilkes-Bai re 336 O Hartman, Mrs. M. L. T., Union 496 Harvey, A. N., Harvey viile 215 Heller, Samuel, Wapwallopen 244 Heller, Mrs. Samuel, Wapwallopen 244 Hitchcock, Amanda, Seranton 391 Hitchcock, Ebenezer, '' 391 Hitchcock, Elisha " 391 Hitchcock, Maiion, " 391 Hitchcock, Ruth, " 391 HoUister, Horace, Providence 400 J^ Holmes, Elkanah 241 Hosie, John, Seranton 4,18 J Hoyt, Henry M., Wilkes-Barre 336 S Hubler, P. F., Newton t54A Hughes, George, Butler 240 Hughes, Barbara, Butler 340 Ingham, Samuel D., Mehoopany 248 F Ingham, Thomas J 96 Jenkins, Jonathan, Tunkhannock 530 Jenkins, Steuben, Wyoming 306 B Jenkins, WiUiam, Jermyn ;... 454 A Jennings, William, Mehoopany 322 Jermyn, John, Jermyn 468 A Jones, Edward, Olyphant 539 Jones, H. Isaac, Seranton 345 Jones, William S., Sci-anton 407 Jordan James, Olyphant Kearney, Patrick, Archbald Kenyon, J. B., Olyphant Kintner, J. C, Mehoopany Kisner, EUiottP., Hazleton Koons, William, Shickshinny Kulp, George B., Wilkes-Barre Ladd, Horace, Seranton Lampman, J ohn S., Wilkes-Barre Laning, A. C, Wilkes-Barre preceding Lathrope, Thomas R., Carbondale Law, William, Pittston Lee, Andrew, Wilkes-Ban-e following Lee, Washington, Wilkes-Barre.. preceding Little, K. R., Tunkhannock Lott, Ziba, Tunkhannock Love, Henry, Mehoopany Lynch, James J., Olj^phant Macknight, O. B , Plains 3 McMillan, James, Pleasant Valley Mai'cy, Abel, Tunkhannock Merrifield, E., Seranton Menilield, William, Seranton Miller, C. P., Tunkhannock.T. Miner, Charles, Wilkes-Barre Mitchell, John, Plains Moneypenny, W. B., Eaton Monies, Colonel William N., Seranton Nelson, Reuben, Kingston Nieol, Andx-ew, Seranton Nicol, Mrs. Andrew, Seranton Nivison, Mrs. M. C, Seranton O'Donnell, J.; Pittston Osborne. E. S., Wilkes-Bai-re Osterhout, P. M., Tunkhannock.. following Osterhout, Mrs. P. M., " preceding Osterhout, Sarah, Tunkhannock Parke, N. G., West Pittston Parsons, Calvin, Parsons Station Patten, Andrew, Olyphant, Payne, Hubbard B., Kingston PeU, Samuel, Wilkes-Barre Pell, Margaret, Wilkes-Barre Pellam, S. H., North Abington Pellam, Mrs. S. H., North Abington Pettebone, Payne, Wyoming following Pier, William H., Seranton Pierson, Charles T., Seranton Pike, Gordon, North Moreland Price, C. B., Wilkes-Barre Pursel, Peter, Wilkes-Barre Keap, Michael, Pittston Ripple, EzraH., Seranton Roberts, Henry, Seranton Robinson, Philip, jr., Seranton Robinson, Silas B., Seranton Ross, William S., Wilkes-Barre. . . .following 387 330K 454A 518 283 214 446 B 438 301 306 A 446 A 383 236 T 237 348 F 341 413 317 06 b;4 214 519 430 392 A 383 74 344A .508 392 B 314 436 436 432 330 li 315 534 B 634 C 506 330 B 283 470 A 306 C 328 338 455 455 306 D 438 H 435 241 383 195 330 C 438D 400A 333D 438 E 236P Ross, Mrs. William S preceding 236 Q Russell, A. H., Washington. *13 Sohimpff, Leopold, Seranton *11 Schooley, William, Exeter ^^0 Schooley, Sarah A., Exeter 250 Seranton, J. A., Seranton ^"0 B Seranton, J. H., Seranton ■'08 Seamans, George B., Pittston 496 Search, George W., Shickshinny 254 Search, Lot, Shickshinny 354 Searle, John, Plains 355 Searle, Mary, Plains 255 Sherwood, C, Falls 248 P Shi ve, Peter C. , Plains 340 Shoemaker, Elijah, Wilkes-Barre 196 Shuman, J. L., Wapwallopen 214 Shuman. Mrs. F. E., Wapwallopen 214 Simrell, E.W., Seranton 405 Sloeum, Joseph, Seranton 388 Slocum, Laton, Exeter 330 D Sommers, Henry, Dunmore 410 Spencer, Edward, Seranton following 438 F Stark, A. M., Tunkhannock .518 Stark, Henry, " .519 Stark. James F., Plains 330 J Stark, Samuel, Tunkhannock .^ D Stemples, William, Mehoopany 516 B Stephens, A. W. Nicholson 529 Stevens, A. B., Seranton i)receding 438 G Stevens, Charles A., Seranton 4,38 G Stocker, Thomas, Plains 343 Sturdevant, E.W., Wilkes-Barre.. following 236 J Sturdevant, Mrs. E. W., " preceding 236 K Swetlund, William, Kingston. ...preceding 306 E Swetland, William H., Mehoopany 516 B Throop, Benjamin H., Seranton 426 Trescott, Luther, Hunting-ton 496 TripiJ, Ira, Sci-anton 438 H Turner, S. G., Wilkes-Barre 236 R VanSiekle, L., Waverly 4.59 Vose, Thomas L., Mehoopany.... 348 F Wadhams, E. C, Wilkes-Barre 280 L Wakeman, B. E., Laceyville 310 Walker, A. B., Nicholson 470A Waller, Charle-a P., Honesdale 200 Walsh, J. J., Pittston 283 Weaver, Philip V., Hazleton 369 Wehlau, Ludwig, Seranton 438 I Wells, John C, Ashley 268 B Wells, Nathan, Meshoppen 516 B Whipple, I. E., Seranton 404 Williams, James J., Archbald 317 Williams, J. R., Plains 302 Williamson, J. Pryor, Wilkes-Barre 315 Winton, A. H., Seranton 406 Wright, H. B., Wilkes-Barre 320 Tates, Francis, Yatcsville 303 f ^ r^M Hr INTRODUCTION. In preparing for publication the following; work the publishers have not been ignorant of the fact that several excellent histories of the region embraced in Luzerne, Lackawanna and Wyoming counties have already been published. Most of these have long been out of print, and a portion of them are exceedingly rare. In none of them is the range of topics as extensive as in this work, which embraces not only histories of these counties, but of each city, borough and township which they include. In gathering the material for this work not only have these books and others been consulted, but information has been sought from every available source; and it is believed that many of the facts recorded have been pre- served from oblivion by being thus rescued from the failing memories of those who will soon pass away. It is hardly possible that in a work like this no errors will be found; but it is confidently hoped that if inaccu- racies are discovered the great difficulty of preventing their occurrence will be considered, and that they will be regarded in a charitable rather than a censorious spirit. The publishers desire to acknowledge the kindness and courtesy with which their efforts to obtain the facts recorded here have been almost uniformly met. To the press, for free access to the files of their journals; to the county, city and borough officers, for assistance in ex- amining their records; to the pastors of nearly all the churches in the three counties for assistance in preparing the religious history, and to secretaries of numerous lodges and societies for data furnished, their grateful acknowledgments are due. The following books have been consulted: Sherman Day's and Doctor Egle's histories of Pennsylvania, Annals of Philadelphia, Ruttenber's Indian Tribes of Hudson's River, Heckwelder's Indian Nations, Stone's Life of Joseph Brant and his Poetry and History of Wyoming, Chapman's, Miner's and Peck's histories of Wyoming, Miss Blackman's history of Susquehanna county, Parkman's France and England in North Amer- ica, Pearce's Annals of Luzerne, Wright's Sketches of Plymouth, Hollister's History of the Lackawanna Valley, the History of the Lehigh Valley, Clark's Wyoming and Lackawanna Valleys, and others. For our very complete and valuable rolls of the soldiers of the Union from Luzerne, Lackawanna and Wyoming counties we are indebted to the exhaustive History of Pennsylvania Volunteers, prepared under the authority of the State, by SamuefP. Bates, LL. D. Of those who have aided in the preparation of the work, or furnished valuable information, the publishers desire to mention Hon. Steuben Jenkins, who contrib- uted the article on post-Columbian Indians and kindly furnished many facts from the large and valuable store of unpublished historical matter that he has collected for future publications; Hon. William P. Miner, who wrote the chapter on the coal trade; Doctor C. F. Ingham, author of the chapter on geology; Hon. Peter M. Oster- hout, who furnished valuable written and oral informa- tion; Hon. R. R. Little, who contributed the chapter on the bench and bar of Wyoming county; Hon, Hendrick B. Wright, who gave efficient aid and encouragement; Doctor Horace Hollister, Hon. Edmund L. Dana, Hon. Harry Hakes, Governor H. M. Hoyt, the octogenarian Jameson Harvey, the veteran attorney James A. Gordon, Allen Secord, Dilton Yarrington, Benjamin Evans, Doc- tor Nathan Wells, Rev. D. D. Gray, Major John Fassett, Douglass Smith, Captain James B. Harding, B. F. Dor- rance. General Edwin S. Osborne, Hon. A. W. Stephens, N. P. Wilcox, WilHam Green, E. D. Gardner, James Frear, Major H. W. Bardwell, Hon. James M. Pratt, Edward Jones, D. M. Voyle, George Simpson, Hon. Pat- rick Kearney, Hon. John Jermyn, Hon. William H. Richmond, Dr. S. D. Davis, Rev. Andrew Brydie, Rev. Father Crane, Rev. A. Griffin, N. J. Rubinkam, Rev. A. D. Willifer, Rev. George H. Kirkland, very Rev. John Firman, Rev. Dr. L. W. Peck, Cyrus Straw, George Drum, William Shellhamer, John Carey, Thomas Mc- Millan, Miss Mary Dale Culver, John Pfouts, J. P. Sal- mon, Hugh McDonald, John Stokes, David Whitebread, Francis Yates, William Loveland, Thomas J. Laphy, Cal- vin Parsons, Hon. George W. Drum, Stephen Drumhel- ler, Samuel Carey, Mrs. M. L. T. Hartman (author of the histories of Union township and Shickshinny borough), Hon. James McAsy, David Dale, David Haines, Jacob Hornbacker, Jacob Kizer, A. P. Gardner, M. D., Deacon Berry, Harrison Finn, H. S. Cooper, M. D., Miss Sue A. Neyhart, Chauncey Sherwood, O. A. Smith, Hon. Henry Love, William A. Shaw, Colonel W. N. Monies, Lewis Pughe, John T. Howe, E. Merrifield, Hon. J.' E. Barrett, B. H. Throop, Joseph C. Piatt, Wesley John- son, F. C. Johnson. The publishers are enabled to present the steel plate portrait of Governor Henry M. Hoyt, of Wilkes-Barre, which appears in this work, through the generous co-op- eration (as a testimonial of their esteem for Governor Hoyt) of Hon. Charles Dorrance, Payne Pettebone, Hon. Charles A. Miner, Allan H. Dickson, T. H. Atherton, Douglas Smith, Hon. L. D. Shoemaker, George B Kulp, E. P. Darling, General E. W. Sturdevant, Hon. E. C. Wadhams, W. H. Bradley, Benjamin Dilley, J. W. Hol- lenback, Richard Sharpe, sen., Joseph A. Scranton, Colonel W. N. Monies, Hon. Lewis Pughe, Major U. G. Schoonmaker, Major D. S. Bennet, W. L. Paine, Olin F. Harvey, Oscar J. Harvey, and others of his well-known fellow citizens of Luzerne and Lackawanna counties, irrespective of party affiliations. -.-p;5iMfl^ppriti*J-ft-'"- mu n t r U £ fcltHir:'~^^*iS&'' yi^^iwI^slEpppiW/^ A^emnn \MbuwbhJ-unlBimitwdcJ /{S B£ N T O N ^Mnytoii-. iStG.) vW I N D H A M^^ /JP' oW^ Hll ^^ \^^l M^^ OFpictyU'.JL^^^ y^ • ^ U.^ermingsviiieQ WeJioojMuiyO/ A'tc/UJts*- nar,.) \\f X^iS!^^-^^^. |T U N K WfM N C kT J" # oEcft-Beninpr u) t ^ '^ /'^ ° ^ alt. V I (TunkhdmnoiJc,-/8i7.) WpjWA'unnsjBepa/. Wi H /v"'' M N R J3eciitj7i.0a1O^ 3 'QHI T H ,<«(B1NW0N. ^ °^ UsvUlT "alia, IS'lf} \l SApU ® S C O'^T o vwe/i Grove' fD A Li 2 iste.) iisOrnt yrees ,RTHM-aRELAND»j. Center o \ JPf^^^l^^fiLwqjmrcty:^^ ^ . ,»- ■ j UorM^'d ^A--jj%r-,H|*^ ll!--.,^V^Sf '01(fi)t^'iiS«.\^ '^.i^lg.fa :-o.'-S^^r I^CI^-^^i "" "' "K-iifftfti's L,. A K E -^^^_^jy'-c/:te"^RANKLlNl p\ ._i DAL L k S Jtv*! J^ii^ Fq^-.-ri-eek,\J^ O ^X >rfC K I N & S T O ^^.«(«.„,7^,««,„..3; >"^^-4,,„, >fl»'^o€3l^,., /^^I^°'< .or re >i»-^ A,7«j^^ Jefferson , UirLisunvUlfit Imad ism s^'s vin\5 r"'>-'{ r?S Woscow \Jefn O, SwieJArcUJK ' ^iOD ?6 ITi^c, i^^ Wpru/U Hrook. "Zfca laia.) ^sons LN^ L Of C K X^ 'fiiriZohfe^ree/c L-^i u NlLJo N ■^Si A L E M \m Sr^^^D B R Afj C E m8. |56) SO" SS^^ERl (Munpvar, Ojdlb^rts *f uitaxrv Top ^» EAR .C(B E E^ •i^^^Tysit^l Spring ^•■^ JBcJhend. $Bohhm C L I F \T .?*'nescopeckV^'^ \\ Briqn.ivtJt_c;.0 ^^^f^^i-. U/T D \g>^ 1 S\ N% 1 ( JHcptovei- ias9y }( JJi'lliSOIV, V?' '^^''^ o Dt'iints iBlvL A C K , „ JR E E K , ('(ifiytuj/unn / rvalA '^tnclcli, T3 S T E \R fi'land ■(7 ^'^S^ MAP IhejCpmities of lAIZERNE, P^ — TA* ruuiwii II, ul datei in pccreTitMses sTuiw when and, fronf eax]v tovnsliip wets /bi'merh. ^¥ =^^ OUTLINE HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA CHAPTER I. THE DISCOVERY OF THE DELAWARE PENNSYLVANIA GRANTED TO AND ORGANIZED BY WILLIAM PENN. iHE first discovery of Delaware bay, and the ;|^ river which forms a portion of the eastern boundary of the State of Pennsylvania ap- pears to have been made by Hendrick Hud- son, an Englishman in the service of the Dutch, in 1609. In August of that year he entered the bay, and after a short cruise in it left and proceeded to the mouth of the Hudson river, which stream he ascend- ed as far as Albany. ' It is said that Lord Delaware visited the bay in 1610; hence the name by which it and the river are known. It was called by the Dutch South river, the Hudson being termed by them the North river. Another Dutch navigator. Captain Mey, visited the bay in 1614; but Captain, or, as he was termed, skipper Cornelius Hendrickson first ascended the river as far as the mouth of the Schuylkill, in 1616. A short lived settlement was made on the east bank of the Delaware under the auspices of the Dutch West In- dia Company in 1623, under the direction of Captains Mey and Tienpont. Another settlement was made on the bay, farther down, in 1630; but this was soon de- stroyed by the Indians, whose enmity the colonists had indiscreetly incurred. Maryland was granted to Lord Baltimore in 1632, and the territory on the west side of the Delaware was claimed by him, and the disputes arising out of this claim remained unsettled during many years. In 1638 a settlement was made on the west bank of the Delaware by a colony of Swedes, under the patron- age of Queen Christina. This colony was under the direction of Peter Minuit, a Hollander, who had been a director in the colony of New Amsterdam. Several Swedish gcernors followed Minuit in succession; pros- perous settlements sprang up along the west bank of the river, and a thriving trade was carried on by the Swedes. They were watched with jealousy by the Dutch, who set up the claim of jurisdiction by reason of former occupa- tion, and instituted intrigues and plans to dispossess the Swedes. In 1655 a force of seven vessels and six hun- dred men was sent up the Delaware for that purpose. The Swedish government had been kept in ignorance of this expedition, and it was easily successful. On the restoration of Charles the Second to the throne of Great Britain, he gr;inted the territory now including New York and New Jersey, and afterwards that of Del- aware, to his brother the Duke of York. The latter im- mediately sent a force to take possession of the country thus granted. New Amsterdam and Fort Orange on the Hudson were at once possessed, and rechristened re- spectively New York, in honor of the Duke of York, and Albany. A portion of the force was then dispatched to take possession of the Dutch colonies on the Delaware, which was accomplished almost without resistance. This dispossession of the Dutch by the English led to a war between Great Britain and Holland, at the conclusion of which the title of the former to these territories was ac- knowledged by treaty. The Duke of York continued in possession of this region, undisturbed except by the Marylanders, who resorted to occasional. acts of violence in order to assert the claim of Lord Baltimore, until, in 1663, war again broke out betwen Great Britain and Holland, and Dutch privateers visited the coasts and plundered the inhabitants; and during that year a Dutch squadron of vessels arrived and repossessed the domin- ions which had been granted to the Duke of York. These were lestored by the treaty of Westminster in 1674, and in the same year, by a new patent, the title of the Duke of York was confirmed. During eight years following these events great changes took place among the propri- etaries of the region, in -the course of which William Penn, by reason of being a trustee of one of these pro- prietaries and a purchase of a portion of the territory, became quite familiar with the region, as well as with the plans for its colonization. William Penn was the son of Sir William Penn, an ad- miral in the royal navy, who at his death left a claim of ^^= - ly for the purpose of drawing General Washington from his position. General Howe embarked his forces at New York, intending to attack Philadelphia by way of the Delaware river. After entering Delaware bay* he re- turned to the ocean, sailed up the Chesapeake bay and landed near the head of Elk river. On the sailing of the British army from New York General Washington moved his army into Pennsylvania, and encamped near German- town to watch the development of General Howe's plans. General La Fayette joined General Washington at that time, and shared with him the hardships and privations of the camp. The army of General Howe advanced toward Phila- delphia and was met by that of General Washington at A, 4^ OUTLINE HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA. the Brandywine, where a battle was fought the nth of September, and the American forces suffered a defeat and retired to Germantown. Washington soon afterward crossed the Schuylkill and prepared for battle again, but a heavy rain storm prevented the action. General Howe entered Philadelphia with a portion of his army, and the balance encamped at Germantown. Upon this force Washington made an unsuccessful attack while a portion of it was assisting the British shipping to effect -i passage through the Delaware river. This was early in October. On the 22nd of the same month an attack was made on Forts Mifflin and Mercer, which coiTiraanded the Dela- ware opposite the mouth of the Schuylkill. After an obstinate resistance the garrison of these forts was com- pelled to evacuate them. In this affair the enemy lost two ships by reason of the effective service of the Penn- sylvania State fleet. After the surrender of General Bur- goyne at Saratoga the army of Washington was reinforced by that of General Gates, and it encamped in a strong position at Whitemarsh. From this position the British commander endeavored to draw General Washington, but without success. The American army finally went into winter quarters at Valley Forge, a place which will ever be noted as the scene of the most intense suffering which the Revolutionary patriots were called on to en- dure during their struggle for independence. While they were shivering barefooted and half naked in their huts at this place, the British soldiers were snugly quartered and well fed and their officers feted and feasted by thetories in Philadelphia. In the spring of 1778 an attempt was made by the Eng- lish government through commissioners to effect a recon- ciliation. Whether or not an honorable reconciliation was desired may be judged by the fact that they offered Joseph Reed, one of the delegates in Congress from Pennsylvania, _j£'io,ooo and the best office in the colonies to aid them in their purposes. His reply should be re- membered: — "I am not worth purchasing, but such as I am the King of Great Britain is not rich enough to do it." • It was in the spring of 1778 that France entered into a treaty with the Americans, and sent four frigates and twelve ships to the Delaware. In consequence of this Sir Henry Clinton, who had succeeded Lord Howe in command of the British army, decided to evacuate Phil- adelphia, which he did, marching his forces across New Jersey toward New York. Washington pursued, and engaged the enemy at Monmouth and compelled them to give way. Philadelphia again became the capital in the latter part of June, 1778. Some trials were had for high treason, and several of those convicted were executed, greatly to the alarm of the tories and Quakers. They had been emboldened by the temporary success of the British arms, and these examples seemed necessary to inspire them with terror and prevent future treasonable acts, as well as to appease the vengeance of the whigs who had suffered at their hands. By the evacuation of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ceased to be the theatre of important warlike events. The Eng- lish government had, however, induced the Indians of the Iroquois nations in New York and those of the terri- tory west from Pennsylvania to engage in hostilities against the people of the struggling States. This warfare was waged in accordance with their "known rule." In- cursions were made, defenseless settlements attacked, and people " of every age, sex and condition " were ruth- lessly murdered. The settlements in many regions were left unprotected, because nearly all the men capable of bearing arms had responded to their country's call and joined the Revolutionary army. In 1777 the northern frontier of New York was the scene of many of these sav- age irruptions, and the frontier settlements of these .'^--.ics were scarcely troubled by marauding parties. They doubtless enjoyed this immunity because of the proxim- ity of troops, which could be quickly sent to protect these settlements. In 1778 the storm of Indian warfare burst on them. A descent was made on the Wyoming valley by a force of British, tories and Indians, commanded by Colonel John Butler. Many of the inhabitants were cruelly massacred and the valley was devastated. A de- scent was also rnade on the west branch of the Susque- hanna by a force of Indians, tories and British, under Col- onel MacDonald. The frontier settlements in Westmore- land county also were ravaged by scalping parties. A force under General Mcintosh was sent to protect the western frontier, which was done by the erection of forts and by expeditions into the country of the hostile savages. The Indian villages at Wyalusing, Shesequin and Tioga were destroyed by a small force under Colonel Hartley. In order to punish the most airdacious of these savages, and prevent, if possible, future depreda- tions by them, General Sullivan was sent with a sufficient force in the summer of 1779 up the Susquehanna into the Genesee valley, the heart of the country of the Senecas — the most powerful and warlike nation of the Iroquois— with orders "to cut off their settlements, de- stroy their crops, and inflict on them every other mischief that time and circumstances would permit." This work was thoroughly accomplished. A battle was fought on the Chemung river at Newtown (Elmira), in which the Indians, under the celebrated Mohawk'chief Brant, and the tories, under Colonel John Butler, were routed. The valley of the Genesee was devastated, forty towns were burned, orchards were cut down, corn fields were ravaged, and one hundred and sixty thousand bushels of corn de- stroyed. From this blow the warlike Senecas never re- covered. Though marauding parties continued to go forth, they were not afterward able to send out any large force. Colonel Brodhead, at about the same time, went on an expedition against the Indians on the west branch of the Allegheny and destroyed the crops and villages there and cut off a party of forty who had started on an ex- pedition to the frontier of Westmoreland county. 4^ LATER REVOLUTIONARY EVENTS— TRANSACTIONS WITH THE INDIANS. 19 CHAPTER VI. LATER EVENTS OF THE REVOLUTION WAR WITH THE WESTERN INUIANS-^CONSTITUTIONAL CHANfJES. TURING the year 1780 much difficulty was ex- perienced on account of the depreciation of the paper currency, which the exigencies of the war had made it necessary to issue. Ef- forts were made by the Assembly to relieve the State from this embarrassment, with only partial success. In 1781, in accordance vvith a plan of Robert Morris, who justly earned the title of " the financier of the Revolution," the Bank of North America was chartered by Congress, and charters were also granted to it by Pennsylvania and Massachusetts. The effect of this measure was immediately beneficial to the com- mercial and financial interests of the country. The Pennsylvania charter was revoked by the Legislature in 1785, but was restored in 1787. During 1780 the Legislature enacted a law reorganizing the militia system of the State, in order that any sudden emergency might be promptly met. In view of the exi- gencies of the times authority was vested in the execu- tive to declare martial law during the recess of the As- sembly, so far as should be necessary under circumstances that might arise. It was resolved, also, that in extraor- dinary efforts that were found necessary to obtain sup- plies, discrimination might be made between the friends of the country and those who had shown themselves to be otherwise. To guard against spies, authority was given to arrest all suspicious persons and prevent the ad- mission of strangers indiscriminately. The horses and other property of domestic enemies were seized, and the houses of Quakers were searched for arms. The entrance into New Jersey of the British army under Sir Henry Clinton was the cause of great alarm, but this army did not advance on Philadelphia. Soon afterward four thousand of the militia were ordered out to assist in a projected attack on New York, but by rea- son of the non-arrival of the French troops the project was abandoned, and the militia force, which had its ren- dezvous at Trenton, was disbanded. The treason of Benedict Arnold occurred in the autumn of 1780. While in command at Philadelphia in 1778 General Arnold became allied by marriage with a distinguished tory family in that city, and the intimacy with British officers into which this relation threw him, together with the sting which his sensitive nature received by being court-martialed for some irregularity, may have led him to his fatal error. Soon after the receipt of the news of his treason in Philadelphia, his effigy was paraded through the streets and hanged, his wife was ordered to leave the city within fourteen days, and his estate was confiscated. Still more rigorous proceedings were insti- tuted against the tories and Quakers, one of whom was convicted of high treason and hanged. In January, 1781, a revolt occurred among the Penn- sylvania troops, who were in winter quarters at Morris- town, under command of General Wayne. About thir- teen hundred of the disaffected left the camp and estab- lished their quarters at Princeton. The causes of this mutiny were depreciation of the currency in which the men were paid, arrearages of pay and suffering for want of money and clothing, and the retention in the service of some beyond the terms of their enlistment. There was nothing treasonable in their revolt. On the contrary, two emissaries who were sent to them with large offers from the commander of the British forces were seized, delivered to General Wayne, tried as spies, convicted and executed. An investigation was instituted by General Wayne and President Reed, their grievances were re- dressed, and tliey returned to their duty. In the spring of i78r the Pennsylvania troops under General Wayne joined the force of La Fayette, and marched to join the force of General Greene. Fearing an attack upon Philadelphia by the troops from New York, Congress recommended the caUing out of three thousand militia. They were ordered to rendezvous at Newtown, in Bucks county, where they remained till the departure of the British troops from New York for the relief of Cornwallis allayed all fear for the safety of Philadelphia, when they were disbanded. In October, 1781, the army of Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown, thus virtually ending the war of the Revo- lution. Pending the negotiation of a treaty of peace, which was signed November 30th, 1781, the Assembly of Pennsylvania unanimously adopted a resolution disap- proving of a reunion with Great Britain on any terms; against the conclusion of a treaty of peace with England without the concurrence of France, and against the re- vival of the proprietary family privileges. Such had been the bitter experience of the people of Pennsylvania under the proprietary government and the British yoke that they were determined to guard against everything that could lead to a recurrence of that experience. Although the chartered boundaries of Pennsylvania were settled before the termination of the Revolutionary war, the Indian title to all the territory within those limits had not been extinguished. Purchases from the Indians had been made in 1736 and previously, in 1749, in 1758 and in 1768. These amounted to about two- thirds of the chartered territory. The balance, lying in the northwest part of the State, was purchased from the Iroquois at the treaty of Fort Stanwix in October, 1784, and the purchase was confirmed by the Delawares and Wyandots at Fort Mcintosh in January, 1785. Not- withstanding this purchase the Delawares and Wyandots kept up a barbarous warfare against the settlers, and in addition to the expeditions that had been sent against them, among which was that of the ill fated Crawford in 1782, Harmar in 1791 and Wayne from 1792 to 1795 conducted campaigns against them. The last in August, 179s, concluded a treaty with them which terminated hostilities. " Besides these expeditions," says Sherman Day, " there was an undercurrent of partisan hostilities =^5 ^^ OUTLINE HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA. constantly maintained between the white savages on the frontier and the red, in which it was difificult to say on which side was exhibited the greatest atrocity." It has been said that a State constitution was adopted in 1776 to supersede the proprietary government. Under this constitution an assembly elected annually was the legislative department; a council of twelve persons was chosen .or .hree years and by joint ballot of the assem- bly and council a president was elected, which consti- tuted the executive department. It also provided for the choice septenuially of a council of censors to revise the doings of the Legislature and the executive, pass cen- sures, recommend repeals, etc- This constitution was defective, though an improvement on the proprietary government. In December, 1779, the royal charter was annulled by an act of Assembly, and the proprietaries were granted ^130,000 sterling to compensate them for their lost privileges, they retaining their real estate and rents. In 1780 the act for the gradual extinction of slavery was passed. In recommending this action the executive council said: "Honored will that State be in the annals of mankind which shall first abolish this violation of the rights of mankind. ' In 1787 the convention which framed the constitution of the United States sat in Philadelphia. It concluded its labors on the i8th of September, and on the 12th of the following December a convention called for the pur- pose by the Assembly ratified it, thus placing Pennsyl- vania first on the list of States which adopted it. After the adoption of the federal constitution the defects of the State constitution of 1776 were more than ever be- fore apparent. Chief Justice McKean had said of it: " The balance of the one, the few and the many is not well poised in the State; the Legislature is too powerful for the executive and judicial branches. We have now but one branch; we must have another branch, a negative in the executive, stability in our laws and permanency in the magistracy before we shall be reputable, safe and happy." In accordance with a resolution of the Assembly, dele- gates were chosen at the October election in 1789 to frame a new constitution. They assembled in November of the same year, and after a long session completed their labors, and the constitution which they formed was adopted in September, 1790. In this the general plan of the Federal constitution was followed. The executive department was vested in a governor, elected by '.he people; the legislative in a Senate and Assembly, while the judicial system was not greatly changed, except that the tenure of office of the judges of the higher courts was during good behavior in- stead of seven years, as before. The supreme executi'i'e council and the council of censors were of course abol- ished. In 1837 the constitution was revised by a convention assembled for that purpose, and the changes which were recommended were adopted the next year. Among these were alterations in the tenure of offices, an abridgment of the powers of the Legislature, the taking away of nearly all executive patronage and an extension of the elective franchise. Another revision of the constitution was made by a convention for that purpose in 1873, and the amended constitution was adopted the same year. This constitu- tion abolished special legislation, changed the time of annual elections, altered the tenure of the judiciary, mod- ified the pardoning power, provided for minority repre- sentation, for biennial sessions of the Legislature, for an increase in the number of both branches of the Legisla- ture, and made other important changes. In 1794 an attempt was made to lay out a town where the city of Erie — then called Presque Isle, from the penin- sula which shelters the excellent harbor at that point — now stands. The small triangle necessary to secure this harbor was purchased from the Indians in 1789, and from the United States in 1792. Resistance to this settlement by the Seneca Indians was apprehended, by reason of a misunderstanding on the part of the latter, and the mat- ter was postponed to the next year, by which time mat- ters were arranged with them. The western tribes were at that time hostile. CHAPTER Vn. THE PENNA.MITE WAR WHISKEY INSURRECTION MOLLY MAGUIRE " OUTRAGES THE RIOTS OF 1877. jHAT has always been known as the Penna- mite war, arose out of the conflicting claims of the colonies of Connecticut and Pennsylvania to the territory included be- tween the forty-first and forty-second parallels of latitude — now in this State. In 1662 King Charles the Second confirmed to the colony of Connecticut the title which it had previous- ly acquired to this territory; and in 1681 the same monarch granted a portion of the same territory to Wil- liam Penn. In 1762 settlers from New England took possession of lands in the Wyoming valley, and during that and the succeeding year made some improvements there; but in the autumn of 1763 they were driven away by the Indians. They returned in 1769, but about the same time par- ties claiming titles under the Pennsylvania grant took possession of a portion of the same territory. An attempt was made by the Connecticut settlers to forcibly eject these, and thus -was inaugurated a contest and a series of conflicts, which, though they were suspended during the Revolutionary war, were renewed afterward, and were not finally settled till about the year 1800. What has usually been termed the whiskey insurrec- tion assumed somewhat formidable proportions in 1794. In 1684, 1738, 1744, 1772 and 1780 duties had been ™^5* WHISKEY INSURRECTION— MOLLIE MAGUIRES— THE GREAT STRIKE OF 1877. imposed on domestic spirits by the Assembly of the province, but after a time the acts imposing these duties were repealed. In 1791, by an act of Con- gress, Ell excise of four pence per gallon was laid on all distilled spirits. This tax weighed heavily on the people of western Pennsylvania, where in some districts a sixth or fifth of the farmers were distillers, and nearly all the coarse grain was converted into spirit and this sent across the mountains or down the Ohio river to market. A majority of the inhabitants of this region were Scotch- Irish or their descendants, and their recollections or tra- ditions of resistance to the excise laws in the '" old coun- try " inclined them to follow here the examples of their fathers. In the year of tho passage of the act resistance to its enforcement commenced, and meetings were held, at which resolutions were passed denouncing all who should attempt the enforcement of the law, and excise officers were tarred and feathered and otherwise maltreated. This resistance continued during the succeeding two or three years. People who were suspected of favoring the law were proscribed, socially and otherwise, and open resistance to its execution, by violence to the persons and injury to the property of those attempting to execute it, was practiced. This was the condition of things in the counties of Allegheny, Fayette, Washington and West- moreland. In 1794 Congress amended the law, but noth- ing short of absolute repeal would satisfy the malcon- tents, whose successful resistance had greatly emboldened them. Armed and organized mobs assembled, attacked the houses of excise officers and burned their buildings, and several persons were killed in these riots. Finally a large force assembled and marched on Pittsburg, de- termined to burn the house of an excise officer there; but by adroit management they were prevented from doing any harm beyond burning a barn. These lawless pro- ceedings were reported to the authorities, and the Presi- dent of the United States and the governor of the State issued proclamations commanding the insurgents to dis- perse, and calling for troops to suppress the insurrection. In obedience to this proclamation a force of about 13,000 was raised in Virginia, Maryland, New Jersey and Penn- sylvania, and under the command of Governor Henry I.ce, of Virginia, marched to the insurrectionary district. This awed the insurgents into obedience and no further trouble was experienced. In 1798 the Fries insurrection, or "hot water war," as it was cal'ed because of the method adopted by the women in resisting the collection of the "house tax," occurred in Bucks and Montgomery counties. Troops were called out ; Fries and others — leaders — were ar- rested, tried, and convicted of treason, but subsequently pardoned. The Erie Railroad war, which occurred in the winter of 1853-4, is still fresh in the recollection of many. This arose out of the opposition of the people of Erie to the action of what is' now the Lake Shore Railroad Company in laying a track of uniform width through the city. The track was torn up and bridges were destroyed by a mob encouraged by the city authorities, and travel was em- barrassed during several months. Order was finally re- stored, and Erie has since been widely known as the " peanut city." About the year 1862 a reign of terror was inaugurated in some portions of the mining regions in the State of Pennsylvania, by the discovery that there existed among the miners an organization of desperadoes who set the law at defiance, and aided and protected each other in the blackest crimes known. This organization is popu- larly known as the Mollie Maguires, and it was trans- planted in this country about the year 1854 from Ire- land. It was an organization for resistance to the land- lords in that country, and took its name from a des- perate woman, who was very active and efficient in shoot- ing landlords' agents. In this country it is said that it never existed as a distinct organization, but that the se- cret acts of lawlessness and crimes that had characterized the Mollie Maguires came to be tolerated and even sanc- tioned and abetted by the "Ancient Order of Hibernians," a benevolent institution which had long existed and which, in some States, was incorporated. When they first attracted attention they were termed " Buckshots," and, although troublesome, they were not considered very dangerous. Their crimes came to be more frequent and audacious. They resisted the enrollment for the draft in 1862. Arson, and the assassination of those who in- curred their displeasure, came to be more and more com- mon, and were perpetrated with entire impunity, for an ahbi was always proved; and during the twelve or thirteen years following the influx of foreign miners into the coal regions, which began soon after the breaking out of the Rebellion, they came to be a real terror in those regions. At length a skillful detective succeeded in gaining admis- sion to their order and obtaining a knowledge of its secr-et workings, and of the perpetrators of the many murders which had been committed. The result was that many of these murderers were brought to justice, and the order was rendered impotent by the exposure of its dangerous character. In the summer of 1877 what is known as the great strike occurred. This commenced in the city of Balti- more, among the employees of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, and rapidly extended the entire length of the road. Three days later, July 19th, certain em- ployees of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company also struck, or refused to work. The immediate cause or pretext for the strike at Pittsburg was an order from the superin- tendent of the road extending the trip of a "crew ; " thus — as it was said — rendering a smaller number of men necessary and depriving a portion of their employ- ment. The exigencies of the war of 1861-65 brought about an unhealthy condition of things throughout the country. The currency was inflated; business acquired an abnor- mal activity; the prices of produce, of manufactured arti- cles, and of labor, were greatly enhanced, and a general expansion took place. This engendered among all classes a degree of reckless extravagance unknown before, and when, after the lapse of a few years, business gradually 4^ =i^ ^^ ^^ iH 38 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. s ;lved to resume possession of these lands. Five town- ships, each five miles square, were divided each into forty shares, to be given to the first forty settlers in each of these townships ; and two hundred pounds sterling were appropriated for the purchase of agricultural implements. Forty settlers were sent to the valley in February, to be followed by two hundred in the spring. On their arrival they found that the Pennsylvanians had shortly before taken possession of their former improvements and erected a block house for their defense. They had also divided the valley into the manors of Stoke (on the eastern) and Sunbury (on the western side of the river). The Yankeesi soon after their arrival, invested the Pennamite block house, with its little garrison, but they were outwitted by the latter, who, under the pretext of a desire to consult and arrange their difficulties, induced three of the leaders among the Yankees to enter the block house and imme- diately arrested them. They were taken to the jail at Easton, but were at once released on bail and returned. This was followed by other arrests of Connecticut set- tlers, and the release on bail of the persons arrested. In the spring the other settlers arrived ; constructed a fort on the east bank of the river, near the bend below the bridge at Wilkes-Barre, which they named Fort Durkee, in honor of its commander ; erected log houses, and prosecuted their improvements with energy. The Penn- sylvania claimants, finding themselves largely outnum- bered, after one or two ineffectual attempts to dispossess the Yankees left them for a short period without mo- lestation. In this interval overtures were made by the settlers for a settlement of the controversy, but the pro- prietaries refused to negotiate. Early in September the Pennamites came with a large force headed by the sheriff of Northampton county, took Colonel Durkee and several others prisoners, expelled the Yankees, and, regardless of a solemn pledge to respect the rights of property, plun- dered the settlement. The year 1769 closed with the Pennsylvanians in possession of the valley. In February, 1770, the Yankees, together with a num- ber of men from Lancaster, where some shareholders of the Susquehanna Company resided, again appeared in the valley, and dispossessed the Pennamites. To accomplish this they found it necessary [to fire on and besiege a block house in which the latter took refuge, and during the hos- tilities, which lasted several days, one of the Yankees was killed, and several were wounded. The Pennsylva- nians were compelled to capitulate and leave the valley in possession of the Yankees. Settlers came again, crops were planted, and during the summer they were not dis- turbed. It must be remembered that at this time difficulties were arising between the colonies and Great Britain, and the power and influence of the colonial governors were on the wane. The authority of the proprietary governor of Pennsylvania declined more rapidly than that of the governors of other provinces, because of the differences between them and the people with regard to the taxation of the proprietary estates, and for other reasons; and in- asmuch as the question of title was between the people from Connecticut and these proprietaries, the sympathies of the people in other parts of the province with these governors were not as active as would otherwise have been the case. After the explusion of Captain Ogden and the Pennamites from the valley in the spring of 1770, Cover nor Penn called on General Gage to furnish regular troops to reinstate him in possession of the valley, alleg- ing that there was no militia in the province on which he could call. General Gage quite properly declined to al- low the use of the king's troops in a mere dispute con- cerning the title to property, and Governor Penn was compelled to raise forces by his personal exertions, which he finally succeeded in doing.' He had in June issued a proclamation forbidding any intrusion on the lands in question, and in September his forces, numbering 1401 under Captain Ogden, marched to the valley for the os- tensible purpose of enforcing this proclamation. They entered the valley by an unusual route, divided in de- tachments and surprised the men while at work. They captured a portion, and put the rest to flight. At night they made a sudden assault on the fort, which was con- fusedly filled with men, women and children; and after killing a few made prisoners of the rest^ and soon after- ward sent them to prison at Easton, except a few, who were taken to Philadelphia. They then plundered the settlement and withdrew, leaving a small garrison in Fort Durkee. In the following December this garrison was surprised and the fort retaken by Captain Lazarus Stew- art, at the head of a party of Lencastrians, with a few Yankees. Such of the garrison as did not escape were expelled from irhe valley. A month later, or in January, 1771, Captain Ogden again appeared in the valley, with the sheriff of North- ampton county and a posse, for the arrest of Captain Stewart. Adinission to the fort was demanded and re- fused. The fort was finally fired on by Captain Ogden, and the fire was returned, killing Nathan Ogden, his brother, and wounduig several of his men. During the ensuing night the fort was evacuated by Captain Stewart, and the next day was occupied by Captain Ogden. For six months the valley remained in possession of the Pennsylvanians, during which time their number was augmented till it reached a total of eighty-three. In July of the same year Captain Zebulon Butler and Lazarus Stewarl, with seventy Connecticut men, entered the valley and at once took measures to repossess it They besieged and closely invested Fort Wyoming, which had been built and occupied by Captain Ogden, about sixty rods above Fort Durkee. Notwithstanding the close and vigilant investment of the fort by the besiegers, whose number was constantly augmented by recruits from Con- necticut, Captain Ogden byabold and cunning stratagem escaped alone and went to Philadelphia for assistance. An expedition was sent for that purpose, but it was am- bushed by the vigilant besiegers and its supplies were captured, though a portion of the men were allowed to enter the fort. The besieged managed to send another message for assistance, but the supplies of the garrison failed, and it capitulated when the detachment for its ^h =-^ THE SETTLERS FROM CONNECTICUT— " PLUNKETT'S BATTLE." 39 relief was within ten miles of the fort. During the siege several of the garrison were killed and a number were wounded, and among the latter Captain Ogden himself severely. The loss of the besiegers is not known. During the remainder of the summer and autumn the settlers from Connecticut increased largely and made ample prep- arations for defense, but during the succeeding four years they were not again disturbed by hostile incursions. This interval of peace was also one of prosperity and happiness. The settlement received accessions of im- migrants from Connecticut; churches and schools were established; and when it appeared that there was no prospect of establishing a separate colony, or of being immediately recognized by the General Assembly of Con- necticut as a portion of that colony and enjoying the pro- tection and benefit of its laws, the people adopted a gov- ernment of their own, which was in all respects purely democratic — the legislature consisting of an assembly of all the people. Efforts were made by the settlers to effect a reconciliation with the proprietary government, but all overtures were rejected. The General Assembly of Con- necticut also made an effort to negotiate a settlement, and sent commissioners to Philadelphia for that purpose, but Governor Penn declined to entertain their propositions. The General Assembly then submitted the case to eminent counsellors in England, and an opinion in favor of the company was given. The Legislature of Connecticut then, in 1773, adopted a resolution asserting the jurisdiction of the colony and expressing a determination to maintain it. On applica- tion of the company the territory was declared to be a part of the colony of Connecticut, erected into the town of Westmoreland and attached to the county of Litchfield. The laws of Connecticut superseded those which had been adopted by the settlers, and the town was represented in the General Assembly of Connecticut. Proclamations were issued by the proprietary governor and by the gov- ernor of Connecticut, each forbidding any settlement under the authority of the other. The following are names of settlers who were enrolled prior to 1773; those of the forty who settled in Kingston in 1769 being marked with an asterisk: David Whittlesey, Jot Green, Philip Gosa, Joshua Whitney, Abraham Savage, Ebenezer Stearns, Sylvester Cheesebrough, Zephaniah Thayer, Eliphalet Jewel, Daniel Gore, Ozias Yale, Kowland Barton, Henry Wall*, Gideon Lawrence, Asa Lawrence, Nathaniel Watson, Philip Weeks, Thomas Weeks, Asher Harrot, Ebenezer Hebbard, Morgan Carvan, Sam- uel Marvin, Silas Gore, Ebenezer Northrop, Joshua Lampher, Joseph Hillman, Abel Pierce, Jabez Boberts, Jonathan Carrington, John Dor- rance, Noah Allen, Robert Jackson, Zebulon Hawksey, James Dunkin, Caleb Tennant, Zerubabel Wightman, Gurdon Hopson, Asa Lee, Thomas Walworth, Eobert Hunter, John Baker, Jonathan Orms, Daniel Angel, Elias Roberts, Nicholas Manvil, Thomas Gray, Joseph Gaylord, William Churchill, Henry Strong, Zebulon Fisbee, Hezekiah Knap, John Kenyon, Preserved Taylor, Isaac Bennett, Uriah Marvin, Abisha Bingham, Moses Hebbard, jr., Jabez Fisk, Peris Briggs, Aaron Waliser, James May, Sam- uel Badger, Jabez Cooke, Sara ael Dorrance, John Comstock*, Samuel Hotohkiss, William Leonard, Jesse Leonard, Elisba Avery, Ezra Buel, Gershom Hewit, Nathaniel Goss, Benjamin Hewit, Benjamin Hewit, jr., Elias Thomas, Abijah Mock, Ephraim Fellows, J. and E. Arnold, Benjamin Ashley, William While, Stephen Hull, Diah Hull, Joseph Lee, Samuel Wybrant, Reuben Hurlburt, Jenks .Corah, Obadiah Gore, jr., Caleb White, Samuel Sweet, Thomas Knight, John JoUee, Ebenezer Norton, Enos Tale, John Wyley, Timothy Voroe, Cyrus Kenney, John Shaw, James Forseythe, Peter Harris, Abel Smith, Elias Parks, Joshua Max- fleld, John Murphy, Thomas Bennet*,Christopher Avery,Elisha Babcock, John Perkins, Joseph Slocum, Robert Hopkins, Benjamin Shoemaker, Jr., .Tabez Sill, Parshall Terry, John Delong, Theophilus Westovor*, .Tohn Sterling, Joseph Morse, Stephen Fuller, Andrew Durkoe, Andrew Med- caif, Daniel Brown, Jonathan Buck, David Mead, Thomas Ferlin, William Wadsworth, Thomas Draper, James Smith, James Atherton*, jr., Oliver Smith*, James Evans, Eleazer Carey, Cyprian Lathrop*, James Nesbitt, Joseph Webster, Samuel Millinttton, Benjamin Budd, John Lee, Josiah Dean, Zophur Teed, Moses Hebbard, Daniel Murdock. Noah Lee, Stephen Lee, Daniel Haynes, Lemuel Smith, Silas Park, Stephen Hungerford, Zerubabel Jeorum*, Comfort Goss, William Draper, Thomas MoClure. Peter Ayres, Solomon Johnson, Phineas Stevens, Abraham Colt, Elijah Buck*, Noah Read, Nathan Beach, Job Green, Jr., Frederick Wise, Ste- phen Jenkins, Daniel Marvin, Zachariah Squier, Henry Wise, Simeon Draper*, John Wallsworth, Ebenezer Stone, Thomas Olcott, Stephen Hin.sdale, Benjamin Dorchester, Elijah Witter, Oliver Post, Daniel Cass, Isaac Tracey, Samuel Story, John Mitchel, Samuel Orton, Christopher Gardner, Duty Gcrold, Peris Bradford, Samuel Morgan, John Clark, Elijah Lewis, Timothy Hopkins, Edward Johnson, Jacob Dingman, Captain Prince Alden, Benedict Satterlee, Naniad Coleman, Peter Com- stock, John Franklin, Benjamin Matthews, John Durkee, William Gal- lop, Stephen Hurlbut, Stephen Miles and Ezra Dean. The colonists in the valley enjoyed two years more of repose and prosperity. About the year 1771 a settle- ment was made by Connecticut people at Muncy, on the west branch of the Susquehanna, about sixty miles above its confluence with the east branch at Northumberland. In September, 1775, this settlement was attacked by a force of Northumberland militia, commanded by Colonel Plun- kett. One man was killed, several were wounded, and the rest of the settlers were made prisoners and taken to Sunbury. At about the same time some boats from Wyoming, as they were descending the river, were at- tacked and plundered by the Pennsylvanians. Because of these acts the people of Northumberland were apprehensive that the Yankees might make a de- scent on Sunbury, burn the town and liberate the pris- oners ; and one of the consequences of this apprehension was the organization of a force for the invasion and sub- jugation of the Wyoming valley. This force was raised by Colonel Plunkett, under orders from Governor Penn, and consisted of. seven hundred men well armed and furnished with ample supplies. In December, 1775, this force ascended the river in boats to the Nanticoke rapids, where it disembarked and passed on the west side of the river through the gorge by which the Susque- hanna escapes from the Wyoming valley. Near the point where the gorge opens into the valley Colonel Plunkett found the vigilant Yankees, posted in an advan- tageous position and protected by breastworks ; and, though inferior in numbers, they gave his forces such a warm reception that they fell back, with the loss of some killed and wounded. A boat was then brought up and an attempt was made by Colonel Plunkett to cross the river. In anticipation of this movement Colonel Zebulon Butler, who commanded the force in the valley, had stationed a party of men under Lieutenant Stewart in ambush on the east side of the river ; and these gave the party in the boat, as it attempted to land, a volley which wounded several and killed a dog. Finding every ap- proach to the valley guarded, the forces of Colonel Plun- kett fell back to their boats, abandoned the expedition and returned to their homes. At this time the Revolutionary war had commenced, and during its continuance the contest for the possession of this valley was suspended. It was renewed, however, immediately after the surrender of Cornwallis. T- <^ ^^ =^N 40 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. It will be remembered that in 1776 the proprietary government was superseded by that of the State, and on the cessation of hostilities the Supreme Executive Council at once petitioned Congress to adjust the ques- tion of jurisdiction. A board of commissioners was ap- pointed for that purpose, and after a long session at Trenton they decided, in December, 1782, that the juris- diction belonged to Pennsylvania, and that Connecticut had " no right to the land in controversy." Soon after- ward magistrates and troops were sent into the valley, and measures were taken to dispossess the settlers of their lands and improvements. The settlers claimed that only the jurisdiction of the territory had been decided by the decree at Trenton, and that the titles of individuals to the soil were not affected thereby. The-conduct of the sol- diers and magistrates was from the first exceedingly arrogant and oppressive, and as time went on the people came to regard endurance as no longer a virtue and re- solved on forcible resistance. Upon this they were treated as insurgents, and on the 12th of May, 1784, they were plundered of their property a..d one hundred and fifty families were driven from the valley. Such was the cruelty with which they were treated that the sympathies and indignation of the people in other parts of the State were aroused; the soldiers were discharged and the set- tlers invited to return. Many of the discharged soldiers lingered in the valley, living by plunder, and on the 20th of July a party of them attacked some of the settlers, kill- ing two and wounding several. This was followed by hostilities toward the Yankees, which were resisted by them. In the course of the summer and autumn several engagements took place between the settlers and the military forces which were sent against them, in which several were killed and wounded. The people of the State became weary of this contest, and their sympathies became more actively enlisted in behalf of the inhabitanis of the valley. By the middle of October the hostile force in the valley numbered only forty men, and so un- popular and even odious had the proceedings against the people there become that not a recruit could be induced to join them. On the approach of winter the commander of these forces, finding himself unable to procure either sup- plies or recruits, discharged his men and abandoned the valley. Thus ended the last military demonstration against the people of Wyoming. During the succeeding two years the people were pros- perous and happy, and the population rapidly increased by the influx of immigrants not only to the valley but to the circumjacent regions. The territory now included in Wyoming and Lacka- wanna counties had become settled to some extent along the valleys of the two principal streams and their tribu- taries. These regions, however, had not been the scene of hostilities between the contending parties, although three of the Susquehanna Company's townships were in- cluded in what is now Wyoming county. The county of Luzerne was erected in 1786. The people were sitisfied with the government, and a more kindly feeling was springing up between the inhabitants of the valley and the citizens elsewhere ; but the ques- tion of title was not yet adjusted, though efforts for an adjustment of it had been made. About this time Colonel Timothy Pickering became acquainted with the facts in the case, and soon afterward he established his residence in the valley. Through his influence a compromise was effected, and a law in accord- ance with the terms of this compromise was enacted by the legislature. Under this law commissioners for the adjustment of claims met in the valley in May, 1787. Meantime the New England immigrants had become divided. A portion of them (mostly settlers subsequent to the decision of the question of jurisdiction by the Con- gressional commission) strongly opposed acquiescence in the compromise law, and sought by every means to arouse and strengthen opposition to it in others. They had in contemplation the formation of another State out of the territory which had been in dispute, and to that end they had drawn up a constitution and completed a frame of government. The most active leader in that opposition — a man named John Franklin — was finally arrested under a charge of treason in attempting to subvert the government and establish a new State, and taken to Philadelphia. Early in October, 1787, in revenge for this and to procure the release of Franklin, his friends, after several unsuccessful attempts, succeeded in abducting Colonel Pickering. He was taken up the river beyond the mouth of Tunkhannock creek, and kept concealed during nearly three weeks. His captors and guards frequently shifted camp to elude the pursuit which they knew was made. In this time some skirmishing took place between the pursuers and the Yankees at Meshop- pen and Wyso, in which two men were wounded. Failing to accomplish their purpose, they liberated him at Tunk- hannock and he returned to his home in Wilkes-Barre. The results of these lawless acts on the part of a por- tion of the Yankees were the suspension and, in 1790, the repeal of the compromise act. Several actions were then commenced in the courts for determining the titles to these lands, but during the eight years that followed none of these were determined. In April, 1799, the Legislature passed another compromise act, which provided for compensation to claimants under titles from Pennsylvania, and for confirmation by certifi- cates of the titles of the Connecticut settlers who were such prior to the decree of Trenton, or their heirs or as- signs. These certificates were issued by commissioners appointed under the law, which limited their action within the "seventeen townships in the county of Luzerne" that were originally surveyed and settled under the authority of the Susquehanna Company. By an act of the Legis- lature in i8oS the powers of these commissioners ceased, and thus was terminated the contest concerning the title to these lands, which had continued through nearly half a century, and which at the present day elicits a warm in- terest among the descendants of the contesting parties. In an address on this subject, delivered recently before the historical society of Pennsylvania, Governor Hoyt tersely says: "The discussion converges upon two propo- sitions, each somewhat paradoxical: I. In the forum of law Connecticut, with a title regular on its face, failed justly; 2. In the forum of equity the Connecticut settlers, without other title than the ' possessio pedis,' prevailed rightly." <¥■ THE ADVENT OF THE PIONEER. CHAPTER IV. THK PIONEERS HOW THEV CAME, SETTLED AND DE- VELOPED THE RESOURCES OF THE COUNTRY. ^ HE settlement of the valley of Wyoming, which was the first and for many years the only in- habited part of Luzerne county, was com- menced, as elsewhere stated, under the aus- pices of the Susquehanna Company, in 1762. Then about two hundred, mostly from Connecti- cut, came and began their preparations for homes in this region, which was then sixty miles distant from any settlement of civilized people. They were not the effem- inate sons of wealthy parents, who had been reared in the lap of luxury. From their infancy they had by precept and example been taught the industry and economy which had enabled their fathers to thrive among the rocks and hills of their native country. They were the hardy, ac- tive and ambitious sons of New Englanders, and in the exercise of the independent, self-reliant spirit which they had inherited from their sires, they left their paternal roofs and sought homes in this valley, far away in the untamed wilderness of what was then the west. A few brought with them their wives and children, and came with oxen and carts, bringing a few indispensable articles of household furniture and driving a few domes- tic animals. Most of them, however, came on foot, with knapsacks on their backs, rifles on their shoulders and axes in their hands. Thus accoutred, they bade adieu for a time to the loved ones at home, and turned their faces westward to make for themselves homes and fortunes. For a time they followed the trail of emigrants who had settled in other regions, but finally they abandoned this, left the borders of civilization and struck into the forest. They followed Indian trails, threaded forests and swamps, and climbed over mountains, camping in .'quads in the roads by night, till at length they reached the valley, and having selected their locations commenced their preparations for the future. Shanties for temporary shelter were constructed, clearings were begun, and prep- arations made for the erection of rude log houses for the shelter of those whom they were to bring with them on their return the next year. Wl-.ile this work was in progress they subsisted largely on the game with which the surrounding forest abounded, and the fish which were taken in great numbers from the river. Their neighbors were making similar preparations at different points in the valley, and with these they often exchanged visits, to talk of home and to discuss their plans for the future, to anticipate the pleasure which they would derive from such visits the next year, when they would be accompanied by the partners who were to share their fortunes and their privations. They frequently •' changed works " in order to ac- complish some of their various tasks with greater facility, and to dissipate the sense of loneliness which haunted them as they pursued their solitary labors. In this way they occasionally hired from those who had brought teams a yoke of oxen, with which to draw to their build- ding sites the logs which they had cut for their houses, and to "log up " the timber which they desired to burn on their clearings. Thus passed their first summer in the valley. By night they lay in their shanties on their beds of boughs and dreamed of the homes they had left, or of the future homes which their fancies pictured; or in their ^^ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY, wnking intervals listened to the distant howling of the wolf on the mountain side, and the nearer hooting of the owl. Day after day they toiled on, sustained and cheered by their hopes of future happiness with their chosen com- panions and children in the midst of the surroundings which they were creating. By early autumn their rude houses were erected and partially prepared for their reception on their return. Small areas had been burned off, and here they " brushed in " their first wheat. Larger areas had been cut over and made ready for burning and planting the next spring. When these preparations were completed they deposited in places of safety their axes and few other implements, and with light hearts turned their faces again toward their paternal mansions. Thus terminated the first sum- mer with many a pioneer in Luzerne county. As he journeyed homeward the sky above him was brighter and the songs of the birds in the forest through which he passed more melodious than ever before, for he was re- turning to the haunts of his early life from the scenes of his prospective manhood. In due time he arrived among the scenes of his child- hood and wended his way to the old home where parents brothers and sisters welcomed him warmly, and listened with eager attention to the story of his experience in the wilderness. He received a still more hearty welcome from another, who during his long absence had not ceased to think of him by day and dream of him by night. She listened to the recital of his doings with a deeper interest for to her and him they were matters of equal impor- tance. A wedding soon occurred, and the last winter of the p.nir in their native State was a season of busy prepara- tion for removal to their western home, interspersed with social gatherings and merry-makings among the scenes and companions of their childhood. They sat down to their last Thanksgiving dinner with their parents, broth- ers and sisters; attended their last Christmas and New Year's festivals with their former playmates and school- fellows, and on the approach of spring bade all these scenes andfriends a tearful adieu, and departed for their new home, followed by the good wishes of their friends and the benedictions and prayers of their parents. Their outfit consisted of a yoke of oxen and a cart, loaded with a few utensils and necessary articles of household furniture. They brought with them a cow or two and a few sheep, the latter to serve as the nucleus of a flock, which, if spared by the wolves, was to furnish wool for their future clothing. Thus equipped they pur- sued their toilsome journey till at length their destination was reached, and they entered at once on the realities of pioneer life. Their house was made tenable by the few preparations which pioneers found necessary for their comfort, though open holes in the walls at first served for windows and one in the roof for a chimney, and a blanket was the door. A small spot was prepared for the garden seeds which they had brought, their corn field was burned off and planted in due season, and a large area prepared for other wheat and corn fields. In this the labor of the husband was lightened by the presence and encouraging smiles, and sometimes by the assistance, of his young wife. In their solitude they were sustained by their buoyant hopes of the future, and they ever after referred to this summer as the happiest period of their lives. Their wheat field gave good returns ; the few acres which they cleared and planted wiih corn yielded abun- dantly, and early in the winter they secured a sufficient supply of venison. Their wheat and corn were ground in a " pioneer mill " — a mortar hollowed in a stump or in the end of a log. A hovel had been constructed of logs and roofed with brush or straw, for the protection of their animals against the inclemency of the weather and the attacks of wild beasts. No hay was provided for the cattle, but from day to day trees were cut on ground that was to be cleared the next summer, and they lived on the browse which these afforded. A couple of pigs and a few fowls were fed each morning at the door of the house with corn from the wife's folded apron. Thus passed their first winter in the woods. The sound of the hus- band's ax echoed through the forest during the day, and the wife plied "her evening care" in the cheerful glow of the "blazing hearth " at night. Their simple fare and active exercise in the open air gave them robust health, and though their surroundings were quite different from those in the midst of which they had been reared, this was the home which they had made for themselves, and they were happy in the enjoyment of it. During the summer other settlers had come in, some singly, others in companies, with their families ; and neighbors were more numerous and less distant, and the monotony of their life was varied by occasional exchanges of evening visits among these. This social intercourse among the pioneers had none of the bad features which characterized that of later times. There were among them no conventionalities, no unmeaning expressions of civility, no unkind criticism of each others' dress or sur. roundings, no rivalries and jealousies, and no hypocritical manifestations of interest in each others' welfare. Each rejoiced with his neighbor in his prosperity or sympa- thized with him in his adversity. These visits were anti- cipated with pleasure and remembered without regret. The happy life which they had just commenced here was darkened by many shadows. The Indians of the vicinity became exasperated towards the settlers, by reason of an act of treachery on the part of the members 'of a distant tribe, fell upon them, killed many and drove away the others. Several years later they returned and resumed their occupancy of the valley, but they were several times driven out by adverse claimants, and were compelled to resort to force for the maintenance of their rights and the protection of their property. Notwithstanding these interruptions a few years brought evidence of increasing prosperity. The clearing had been enlarged and a portion of it fenced ; a stick chimney, plastered with mud, filled the hole in the roof ; glass had taken the place of greased paper in the window;' a plank door swung on wooden hinges where formerly hung the blanket, and some flowering shrubbery was growing at the side of it. A more capacious and com- fortable stable had been erected for the animals, a ■' worm ■■ fence appeared around the house and garden, and a log bridge had been built across the stream which ran near the house. Near the edge of the clearing \ the crackling fire was consuming the trees that the men ■ of a logging bee were piling together for that purpose. The corn, potatoes, pumpkins, etc., which had been | planted among the stumps had attained sufficient growth ' <^ 44 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. lo be visible from some distance. A calf frolicked ;it the side of its dam and a litter of grunting yonng porkers asserted their right to " life, liberty," etc. Everything wore an air of thrift. The solitude of the wife was enlivened by the prattle of her children, and their play- ful caresses sweetened the labor and lessened the fatigue of the husband and father. The tide of immigration, the first wave of which had borne them hither, continued with increasing flow. Set- tlers came more rapidly, the smoke from their hearths curled upward at shorter intervals, and clearings en- croached iTiore and more on the surrounding wilderness. The hissing and rushing of the whirlwinds of flame were oftener heard as the trees that had been felled and had become dry were consumed. Small fields of waving corn and here and there a verdant meadow were to be seen. The music of numerous cow bells was heard, and " drowsy tinklings lulled the distant folds" where sheep were herded to protect them from the wolves at night. The hum of spinning wheels might be heard in almost every house, and the merry laughter and shouts of frolicksome children resounded as they gamboled through the woods. The Revolutionary war came upon the country, and nowhere were its horrors greater than here. On the re- turn of peace the few surviving settlers came back to the valley, and prosperity smiled again. Settlements extended up the valleys of the Susquehanna and the Lackawanna and their tributaries, and many of the earliest experiences of the settlers in the Wyoming valley were repeated in these localities. The lapse of time brought with it changes. The old house, which had survived the ravages of war, had come to be only the wing of a new one that had been built of squared logs, covered with a shingled roof, lighted by glazed windows and closed by a paneled door. A lawn appeared in front, tastefully ornamented, with flowers, and fruit trees were growing on the former site of the garden. An apiary stood on the margin of the lawn, which was bounded by a straight fence. A commodious frame barn had been built, and where the forest once stood were fields of waving grain. Beyond the grove of sugar maples could be seen the log school-house where, "in her noisy mansion skilled to rule, the comely mistress taught her little school." The stream that ran by was spanned by a newer bridge, and the ding-donging of a saw-mill that had been built on its bank could be heard in the distance. The eldest surviving son of the pioneer couple, now grown to be a young man, drove toward the barn with a load of hay drawn by horses instead of the oxen that for years had constituted their only team. At the well, which still had its primitive sweep, stood a somewhat portly matron, who turned to look with motherly pride at her son as he drove along. A middle-aged man was walking down the road that came from the mill. It was he who came many years since with his knapsack, rifle and ax, and built his shanty in the howling wilderness. The woman at the well was the young wife who came with him a year later. Their privations, hardships, industry and economy had been rewarded. They had acquired an honorable com- petence. They had, however, experienced vicissitudes. A brother of the husband and two brothers of the wife fell on the fatal field of Wyoming, and there the husband, acquired an honorable scar. They had also followed two of their children to the grave. Sixty years had gone by since the settlement of the *^^= LIFE AMONG THE SETTLERS. 45 valley. An elegant mansions tood on the site of the old log cabin, and all its surroundings indicated that it was the abode of wealth and refinement. The stream passed under a stone arch; the old saw-mill had gone to decay; the sugar orchard was no longer to be seen, and only on the mountain sides were the remains of the primitive forest visible. Spacious fields and elegant farm houses were to be seen on the extended landscape, and the tall spire of a church pointed skyward from among the houses of a village near. A gray haired man was busy with the cattle in the barnyard, and a portly woman sat by the stove knitting, while some of the grand-children were playing on the floor and others were engaged in various kinds of work. These aged people were the ones who left their New England homes in their youth and came to this spot. They had deeded their farm to their youngest son and taken the usual life lease. Another of their children had been added to the group in the cemetery; one had set- tled in an adjoining town, and two were in the far west. Another interval of half a century has passed, and brought its inevitable changes. The old pioneer couple long since passed to their rest; the son who was the solace and support of their declining years is now an octogena- rian, and his grandchildren are one by one assuming their positions as citizens and members of society. 'J'he an- cestral mansion, which still stands on the site of the orig- inal pioneer cabin, has from time to time changed in appearance, as changing fashion has dictated and increas- ing prosperity permitted, till it is among the most tasteful in the valley. The original farm, which extended back and included a portion of the mountain, received addi- tions by purchase from time to time; and its value has been greatly enhanced by the discovery and development of the mineral resources which lie beneath the surface. The landscape in the valley has greatly changed. Along the base of either mountain range at short intervals rise coal breakers, with their immense hills of culm and the adjacent miners' villages. Populous cities and thriving boroughs have come into existence. Along the margins of the river railroad tracks with branches to the collieries extend through the valley and climb the mountain sides, and the panting and screaming of the engines that draw the long, snake-like trains of cars may be almost constantly heard. Along these tracks extend telegraph lines, and stretching from place to place may be seen the thread- like wires of the telephone. Here and there the sides of the mountain are dotted with clearings, where with great labor farms have been developed among the rocks. How different the landscape of to-day from that of a century since! CHAPl'ER V. THE CONDITION OF THE PIONEERS THEIR WAYS AND MEANS OF LIVING. VER a century has passed since the first settle- ment of this region, and changing circum- stances have brought with them such changes in many of the customs of the people that one of the present generation can form only an imperfect conception of what some of those customs were. People are usually slow to adopt those modifications in their customs which changes in their environments render desirable, or even almost necessitate. Like the Welshman who persisted in balancing the wheat in one end of his bag by a stone in the other "because her's father did so," they follow the beaten track which their ancestors pursued, and often only turn from it when changed circumstances actually compel them to do so. The march of improvement and the progress of inven- tion make slow advances, except in those cases where necessity compels people to follow the one, or loudly calls for the other. The rude implements and appliances that were in use "when the country was new" were inventions which grew out of the necessities of the times, and were adapted to the circumstances in which people found themselves^ Time wore on, and those circumstances gave place to others. Inventions followed these changes; but in many cases, as in those of the cast-iron plow, the, grain-cradle and the horse rake, the inventors only lived to see their improved implements scoffed at and derided. Thus have people always done, and thus they will to a greater or less extent continue to do. As in the physical world, however, one condition is evolved from another by the slow process of natural selection, so in these cases the fittest are in the end the survivors. The first settlers in this region came when the primi- tive forest was growing not only here but in the country through which they had passed for many miles. The first roads, which were simply widened Indian trailsi were then barely passable. Of course they could bring with them only those articles of household furniture or those agricultural implements that were indispensable. The first work of the pioneer was to prepare a house, or dwelling place for his family. There were no mills for the manufacture of lumber, and the first houses were necessarily built of logs fastened by notching at the corners. They were usually from fifteen to eighteen feet square, and about seven feet in height, or high enough to just clear the head of a tall man. Often no floor was at first laid. A fire place was prepared at one end by erecting a back of stones, laid in mud instead o^ mortar, and a hole was left in the bark or slab roof for the escape of the smoke. A chimney of sticks plastered with mud was afterward erected in this aperture. A space of a width suitable for a door was cut on one sidci and this was closed first by hanging in it a blanket, and afterward by a door made with split plank and hung on wooden hinges. This door was fastened by a wooden latch that could be raised from the outside by a string, which was passed through a hole above it. When the latch string was "pulled in" the door was effectually fastened. The expression used of a hospitable man — " his latch string is always out " — had its origin from this primitive method of fastening a log house door. A hole was usually cut in each side of this house to let in light, and when glazed sash could not be procured greased paper was used to keep out the blasts and snows of autumn and winter. *ih <^ H^ 46 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Holes were bored at the proper height in the logs at one corner of the room, and into these the ends of poles were fitted, the opposite ends where they crossed being supported by a crotch, or a block of the proper height. Across these poles others were laid, and these were covered by a thick mattress of hemlock or other boughs, over which blankets were spread. Thus were pioneer bedsteads constructed; and on such a bed many a pioneer couple reposed as sweetly as though " sunk in beds of down." In the absence of chairs rude seats were made with an ax and anger by boring holes in "puncheons," or planks split from basswood logs and hewn smooth on one side. Tables were often made in the same way, and after a time a floor was constructed of these " puncheons," with a bare space in lieu of a hearth about the fire place. A few necessary pieces of crockery, or sometimes wooden trenchers, were kept on rude shelves till, after a few years, lumber could be procured of which to make a cup- board. A dinner pot, a dish kettle, a tea kettle, a frying pan and a bake kettle constituted the entire stock of iron ware. The bake kettle — a utensil that is now never seen — was a shallow vessel with legs some six inches in length, so that it could be set over coals on the hearth. It had a cover with the edges turned up so that coals could be heaped on it. This was used at first for all the baking of many a pioneer family. The fire place had, instead of the iron crane with which it was afterward furnished, a transverse pole, called a lug pole, laid across two others so that it could be moved backwards and for- wards at a sufificient height to prevent burning. On this at first hooks cut from beech saplings, or limbs, were- fastened by withes, but after blacksmiths' shops were established these were replaced by "trammels," or hooks so constructed that their length could be adjusted. This room, thus furnished, served all the purposes of kitchen, drawing-room, sitting-room, parlor and bed- room; and not unfrequently workshop also, for temporary benches were erected, and sleds, ox yokes, and many other farming utensils were made and repaired there during stormy days or evenings. The light for such evening work was furnished by the blazing fire of pine knots which had been gathered and stored away for the purpose, or sometimes by a "slut," which was made by placing a rag for a wick in a dish of " coon's oil," or the fat of some other wild animal. Here also, as time went on, were heard the raking of the hand cards and the whir of the spinning wheel ; for in those days the cloth for both the summer and winter clothing of the family was homemade, and all the techni- calities of the process, from picking the wool to " taking out the piece," were as familiar to every member of the family as any household word. At first, before the establishment of cloth dressing mills, the dyeing or coloring, even of all the woolen cloth, was done by the pioneer wives ; and after cloth- ieries made their appearance everything except " fulled cloth " was colored at home. The properties and the proper method for compounding for different colors of Nicaraugua or Nic. wood, logwood, fustic, indigo, mad- der, copperas, alum, vitriol, etc., as well as all the various indigenous barks and plants, were known to every house- wife. The old dye tub, which is still remembered by the older inhabitants, had its place at the side of every hearth, where it was frequently used as a seat for children in cases of emergency, or when the increase of the family was more rapid than that of chairs. Peter Parley (Mr. Goodrich) calls it "the institution of the dye tub, which, when the night had waned and the family had retired, frequently became the anxious seat of the lover, who was permitted to carry on his courtship, the object of his addresses sitting demurely in the opposite corner." The flax brake, swingling knife and board, and hatchel are never seen now ; and one of the present generation would be utterly unable to guess their uses were they shown to him. Then the pulling and rotting and all the details of dressing flax were known to every child ; and the process of spinning the flax and tow, v,'eaving and bleaching the different qualities of cloth, and making the thread for all the family sewing, was a part of the educa- tion of every girl. Wild nettles were at first used instead of the flax that was afterwards cultivated. The process of rotting, dressing, etc.. was the same as in the case of the flax. Then cotton cloth was not manufactured in this country, and it was practically beyond the reach of most farmers. Woolen goods, other than those of domes- tic manufacture, were seldom seen. A " broadcloth coat " was an evidence either of unpardonable vanity or of unusual prosperity. Even the skins of animals were thus utilized for clothing; fawn skin vests, doeskin coats and buckskin breeches were not uncommon. It is hardly necessary to speak of the ordinary food of the first settlers, such as hasty pudding, johnny cake, or corn pones, the meal for which was ground in a pioneer mill or wooden mortar ; or of the dainties, such as short- cakes, mixed with the lye of cob ashes and baked in ashes on the hearth, that were set before company. The simple and substantial diet of the people then was adopted be- cause circumstances would permit no other. They were too poor to pamper their children with sweetmeats, or to stimulate them with tea and coffee ; and the incidental result was a degree of robust health such as the children in later times do not acquire. It must not be inferred that all the settlers in this re- gion were subjected to severe privations. The kind of fare spoken of was not looked upon as hard, for it was the best the country then afforded. There were instances where people were compelled to resort to wild roots or greens for a dinner, but these were perhaps as rare as are cases of extreme destitution now. The condition of the country was such that these habits and methods of liv- ing were necessary, and they were not regarded as hard- ships. The agriculture of those times, if agriculture it may be termed, was such as is never seen now. Very few at the present day have witnessed the process of preparing the virgin soil for the first crop. The timber was often girdled in advance, so that when felled, as it often was, ^h PRIMITIVE FARMING AND TRADING. 47 in what were termed wind rows, much of it would burn as it lay, being partially or wholly dried, by kindling the fire at the windward end of these rows. After the first burn some of the remaining fragments were " niggered " into pieces that could be easily moved, and the whole was drawn together with oxen and "logged up " for the final burning. Many in the neighborhood usually joined in this work, and the " logging bees," or "log frolics," were at the same time occasions when work was done and social intercourse enjoyed. When the burning was com- pleted and the ashes collected the ground was sometimes made ready for the seed by harrowing with a three-cor- nered harrow, which was often hewed from a crotched tree, with either large wooden pins set at intervals, or very large and strong iron teeth. Such a harrow was drawn over the ground among the stumps to fit the soil for its first crop when the roots were not sufficiently de- cayed to permit the use of a plow. In using this primi- tive harrow in these clearings the driver found it neces- sary to keep always at a respectful distance, for it often bounded from side to side in a manner not compatible with safety at close quarters. In cases where plowing could be done the old bull plow was used. This was an uncouth implement, with wrought iron share and a wooden moldboard, such as is now scarcely ever seen, even among relics of the past. In rare cases a wooden plow, hewn out of a crotched tree, was used. The wheat sown or corn planted in ground prepared in this rude way often gave good returns, such was the fer- tility of the soil before it was exhausted by repeated cropping. When the crop was grown and ripened, it was cut with sickles, a handful at a time. Sickles may occasionally be seen at the present day; but there are few who ever saw them used. For harvesting grain among the stumps of the first clearings the sickle was best adapted of all instruments, and no other was known; but when these stumps had decayed, and the grain cradle had been introduced, many looked upon it as a perni- cious invention, by the use of which more than sufficient grain would be wasted to pay for the labor of harvesting, and some insisted that more could be harvested in the same time with the sickle — so strongly are people attached to old customs. The grain was first thresh.ed with the flail on the ground, and partially separated from the chaff by pour- ing it from a height in the wind and afterwards dex- trously manipulating it in a " corn fan," a description of which would be quite difificult. For many years after barns were erected on all farms the flail and the feet of horses were the only threshing machines, but fanning- mills superseded the old corn fan. Hay was cut with the old fashioned scythe, which has changed but very little, and the hand rake only was used to gather it. Among the stumps and stones in early times these were the most available tools, but their use continued long after improved implements were avail- able, and after such implements had been invented. In those days the conveyance most in use was the ox- cart. It was made available for almost everything, from hauling manure to going to meeting or to balls and wed- dings. Its use was thus universal because it was, like the other tools spoken of, adapted to existing conditions. The rough and stumpy roads almost forbade the use of four-wheeled conveyances. It seems hardly necessary to call attention to the wagons, plows, harrows, threshing-machines, harvest- ers, mowers, wheel-rakes, etc., etc., of the present day, and contrast them with the awkward and uncouth imple- ments of former times ; but if this is done the adapta- tion of these to their existing circumstances should be remembered, and the additional fact should be borne in mind that the improved tools of the present day would not then have been available. During some years after the first settlement of this region trade was carried on in a manner quite different from the way in which it is now conducted. Now all produce has a cash market and a cash value; and all the necessaries or superfluities that are purchased are reckoned according to the same standard. Then there was not sufficient money in the country to be made the medium of exchange, and trade was carried on almost wholly by what was termed barter. By reason of this nearly exclusive exchange trade, mercantile establishments were quite unlike those of the present time. Then every store was a commercial microcosm. In it was kept every- thing that the inhabitants required. As one who lived in those times says: " Every merchant kept dry goods, grocer, ies, crockery, glassware, hardware, dye stuffs, iron, nails paints, oil, window-glass, school-books, stationery, rum, brandy, gin, whiskey, drugs and medicines, ending with a string of etceteras, or every other article usually kept in a country store. Things were sometimes curiously grouped; as, for example, silks and iron, laces and fish, pins and crowbars, pork and tea, molasses and ta, cot- ton yarn and log chains, wheel heads and hoes, cards and pitchforks, scythes and fur hats." In exchange for these the pioneer merchant received almost every article of country produce. Coarse grain was converted into spirits at his distillery, or that of some one in the vicinity, for distilleries sprung up early. Pork was "packed," and other kinds of produce were received for goods and sent by teams over the turnpike to Easton, and thus to Phila- delphia, where they were exchanged for the goods that were brought back by the same route; and so the barter trade was kept up. Some heavy articles, such as iron salt, etc., were brought by boats on the river. Expensive methods of transportation necessarily rendered the price of goods high and that of produce low, and this condi- tion of things continued till better facilities for transport- ation cheapened merchandise and enhanced the price of produce. Gradually since that time has trade changed till it has reached a cash basis, and along with this change has come another important one — the "division of business.'" Now dry goods, groceries, hardware, books, drugs, liquors, etc., etc., are separate branches of business; and produce dealing is separated from all of them. A no less marked contrast is to be seen in the raanu- <^ ^8 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. factures of those times and the present. Then ahiiost every article and utensil that was used was either "home- made " or manufactured at the shops which sprung up to supply the wants of the early settlers. Then, as has been stated, the cloth in which every one was clad was of domestic manufacture. The spinning-wheel and the loom were portions of the furniture of almost every house, and clothieries, or wool-carding and cloth-dressing estab- lishments, were as common as grist-mills. Almost every hamlet had its tailor's shop, where the knight of the shears cut the clothing for the people of the vicinity, and, to avoid the responsibility of misfits, warranted "to fit if properly made up." This clothing was made up by tailoresses, or, as the tailors sometimes termed them, "she tailors." The trade of a tailoress was reckoned a very good one ; for she received for her skilled labor two shillings (as currency was then talked) per day ; while the price of housework help was four shillings per week. Shoemakers' shops were abundant also, though there were itinerant shoemakers who "whipped the cat," as going from house to house with their "kits" was termed. After the establishment of tanneries the people were in the habit of having the hides of their slaughtered animals tanned on shares, and the leather thus obtained was worked up by these circulating disciples of St. Crispin. The ubiquitous tailor shop has entirely disappeared, and only here and there is to be seen a solitary cobbler's sign. Every \illage has its shoe stores, and the de- scendants of Abraham vie with each other in supplying the gentiles with clothing "ferry sheap." Very early it was a portion of the blacksmith business to make the nails that were required where wooden pins could not be used. Now an old fashioned wrought nail is a curious relic of the past; and even the rivets, bolts, and horse-shoe nails that were formerly made upon every anvil are now made by machinery, and furnished more cheaply than they can be hammered out by the vulcans or their apprentices. So of almost everything. Where joiners formerly took lumber "in the rough " and did all the work of building a house, now houses are almost, like Byron's critics, "ready made;" for little is required but to put together the parts that are made by machinery. The wheelbarrows, carts and wagons, and even the cra- dles and coffins, that were formerly made in the shops that sprang up when the country was first settled are now made by machinery, and sold at rates far lower than those at which handmade work can be afforded; and the old hand manufactories have gone to decay or degenerated into simple repair shops. In early times wild animals, especially bears and wolves, and to some extent panthers, were sources of great an- noyance. It is not known that any person ever became a victim to the rapacity of these animals, but instances are recorded of terrible frights. Many swine that were permitted to roam and feed in the woods were destroyed by bears, and great care was necessary to protect sheep against wolves. For years the slumbers of people were interrupted and night was made hideous by the howling of the latter. It is recorded that during twelve years following t8o8 the aggregate bounty paid for the scalps of panthers in Luzerne county was $1,822, and during the same time $2,872 for those of wolves. Of course during the years that preceded that time these animals were more abund- ant. The howl of the wolf and the screech of the pan- ther are not now heard in this region. Occasionally a bear is captured in the mountains, but the time is not far distant when bruin will no more be seen here. CHAPTER VI. OI.U LUZKRNE COUNTY IN 'JHE RKVOLUTION. HE Revolutionary history of tiiis region limits itself to that of the Wyoming valley. Be- yond this valley there were at the com- mencement of the Revolution hardly any settlements nearer than those on the Dela- ware, which were sixty miles distant, through ^ a wilderness of swamps and mountain ranges; or Sunbury, which lay an equal distance down the Susque- hanna river; a few isolated settlers, nearly all of whom were tories, had just located at Tunkhannock and at points further up the river. Wyoming was not on the outskirts of civilization; it was an isolated settlement in the midst of a country inhabited by savages that after- ward became hostile. The country of the warlike Iro- quois included the head waters and upper branches of the Susquehanna, down which a war party of these sava- ges could at any time sail in their light canoes when tempted to do so by the hope of obtaining scalps or plunder. In this isolated condition, away from the theater of active hostilities and distant from any thoroughfare over which hostile parties could pass on expeditions against regions on either side of them, it was but reasonable to suppose that they stood in very little peril except from the incursions of marauding savages. In order to form a just idea of the condition of the lieople here at that time, it must be remembered that the population of the valley consisted almost entirely of set. tiers from Connecticut, who had acquired their land titles from the Susquehanna Company and who had been en- gaged in actual hostilities with the Pennamites (as they termed those who claimed these lands under titles which they acquired from the proprietaries) and those who aided them in their attempts to enforce their claims. It must be remembered, too, that tolerance of those who differed with them in opinion was never a distinguishing characteristic of the Puritans who peopled the province of Connecticut, or of their descendants, from among whom these settlers came; and that the repeated attempts of these Pennamites to unjustly deprive them of their 4.¥ ^^ -^ LUZERNE AT THE OPENING OF THE REVOLUTION. 49 lands and expel them from the valley aroused to its fullest activity their intolerance. On the other hand, a hatred of the Yankees equally intense existed among the Pennamites, many of whom doubtless considered themselves unjustly dispossessed of lands to which they had acquired a legitimate title. This rancorous feeling in the members of the opposing parties naturally engendered in each a hatred of everything upon which the other looked with favor; and that doubtless was the reason why fifty-eight of the sixty-one tories in the valley, as stated by one historian, were of the Pen- namites who remained, and it will also account for the remarkable unanimity among the Yankees. The population of the valley at that time has been va- riously estimated. By some historians it has been set down at 2,500, and by others at 5,000. Had there ex- isted among these people no peculiar local influences, there is reason for the supposition that at least as large a proportion of them would have been loyalists as in other localities. They were located in a valley of surpassing beauty and fertility. The soil gave ample returns for the labor which they bestowed on it, the surrounding forests abounded with game, and the river was plentifully stocked with fish. They were subject only to such laws as they enacted for their own government, and the oppressive acts of the mother country were scarcely felt by them. They were contented and happy, and but for the frequent invasions of the valley by those who sought to dispossess them it would have been almost the terrestrial paradise which romancers and poets have represented. Under such circumstances they could see but little for them to gain by a separation of the colonies from Great Britain, and that little more ideal than real. On the other hand, they could see that by actively espousing the cause of the patriots they would subject themselves to the predatory and cruel warfare of the savages, by whom they were sur- rounded and whose alliance would be sought by the mother country; and that possibly other forces might be sent against them for strategic purposes. That under such circumstances even a larger proportion of the peo- ple here than in other regions should adhere to their loy- alty would be no matter of surprise. At nearly the same time when the colonies severed their allegiance to Great Britain the people of Pennsyl- vania threw off the proprietary government, under which the Yankees had several times been driven from the val- ley, and adopted a State constitution. With the failure of the rebellion, and the re-establishment of the regal authority in the colonies, would come the restoration of the proprietary government and a renewal of hostilities against the Connecticut settlers; while the success of the revolution and maintenance of the State government gave them reason to hope (although vainly, as subsequent events proved) for a cessation of their persecutions. In view of these circumstances, it would be reasonable to expect that the line between Yankees and Pennamites should almost exactly coincide with that between Whigs and tories. The spirit of intolerance to which allusion has been made manifested itself with increased intensity when the objects of that intolerance came to occupy the position of foes to their country as well as local enemies. On the other hand, the feeling of enmity which the Pennamites had enter- tained toward the Yankees, who had resisted their claims to the land in the valley, became greatly intensified when they came to regard those Yankees as rebels against the government to which they were loyal. Such were the relations of parties, and such was the animus of those parties, at the commencement of the Revolution. The attempted invasion of the valley by Plunkett in December, 1775, was the last hostile demonstration against the Connecticut settlers by the Pennamites previous to the Revolution. In August of that year the Yankees had at a town meeting for the town of Westmoreland fas the whole region was then called) expressed by resolution their willingness " to make any accommodations with ye Pennsylvania party that shall conduce to ye best good of ye whole, not infringing on the property of any person, and come in common cause of liberty in ye defense of America; and that we will amicably give them ye offer of joining in ye proposals as soon as may be." At a meeting held a week later, pursuant to adjournment of this, it was resolved that "we do now appoint a committee to atten- tively observe Ihe conduct of all persons within this town touching the rules and regulations prescribed by the Hon- orable Continental Congress, and will unanimously join our brethren in America in the common cause of defend- ing our liberty." Notwithstanding the overtures thus made, and the patri- otic resolution adopted, the attempt of Plunkett to expel the Yankees was made; and though hostilities were then suspended till after the Revolution the latent bitter feeling was without doubt more intense by reason of this attempt. As the difficulties with the mother country thickened, and hope of reconciliation diminished, the patriotic ardor of the settlers increased. Measures were adopted to provide means of defense, and as early as March, 1776, by resolu- tion at a town meeting, the selectmen were directed to dispose of the grain in the hands of the collector or treas- urer, and purchase powder and lead to the amount of forty pounds. By another resolution a bounty of jf 10 was of- fered to the man who should first manufacture fifty pounds of good saltpetre. Mr. Miner states, on the authority of Mrs. John Jenkins, that the worpen took up the floors of their houses, leached the earth which they dug from under them, and made saltpetre by boiling the lye; then mixed it with charcoal and sulphur, and thus produced powder for public use. On the breaking out of the war many young men from the Wyoming valley hastened to the scene of hostilities and in the winter of 1775-6 some removed their families to Connecticut that they might join the array. Lieuten- ant Obadiah Gore, with twenty or thirty others, went to the field direct from the valley. After the declaration of inde- pendence it became evident that (ortr, for the defense of the valley and for places of refuge in times of danger should be erected; and at a town meeting held August 24th, 1776, it was voted " that this meeting do recommend :i 5° HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. *tr" it to the people to proceed forthwith in building said forts without either fee or reward from ye town." Pur- suant to this recommendation was built Fort Jenkins, a stockkade around the house of John Jenkins at what is now West Pittston, just above the northwest end of the Pittston ferry bridge. Fort Wintermoot, about a mile farther down the river, near a fine Sj)ring, was built by some settlers from New Jersey, who were after- ward more than suspected of being tories; and Forty Fort, so named from the forty original proprietors of the town- ship of Kingston, was built near the center of the town- ship and included about an acre of ground. Wilkes-Barre Fort was situated just above the mouth of Mil! creek, to guard the mills on the stream. Wyoming Fort was on the east bank of the river, not far from the foot of South street in Wilkes-Barre; and Stewart's block house was also on the east bank of the river, about three miles below, in Hanover. There was also a stockade at Pittston, nearly opposite Fort Jenkins. By reason of representations that had been made to Congress of the exposed condition of the valley to incur- sions by the Indians, who were becoming insolent and were suspected of favoring the British, Congress by reso- lution August 23d, 1776, authorized the raising in the town of Westmoreland of two full companies to be "stationed in proper places for the defense of the inhab- itants of said town and parts adjacent till further order of Congress." These companies were by the terms of the resolution '"liable to serve in any part of the United States when ordered by Congress." On the 26th of the same month Congress appointed as officers of these com- panies Robert Durkee and Samuel Ransom, captains; James Wells and Perrin Ross, first lieutenants; Asahel Buck and Simon Spalding, second lieutenants; and Her- man Smith and Matthias Hollenback, ensigns. Lieuten- ant Buck resigned and John Jenkins, jr., was appointed to fill the vacancy. These companies were already in existence, under the captains named, as volunteer organ- izations, but they had not their full quotas of men till the 17th of September, when they were mustered into the United States service as the two independent companies of Westmoreland. The following is a copy of the muster roil of the first independent company from Wyoming in the Revolutionary army. Except Waterman Baldwin who enlisted January 7th, 1777, the members of this company enlisted September 17th, 1776. Captain, Robert Durkee ; first lieHteniint, Jnmes Wells ; second lieu- tenant, Asabel Buck; ensign, Herman Swift; first sergeant, Tiiomas McClurc ; second sergeant. Peregrine Gardner; tliird, Tiiomas Baidwin ;' fourth, John Hutchinson ; corporals— Edward Setter, Azel Hyde, .Tere- iniah Coleman, Benjamin Clark; privates— Walter Baldwin, James Biig- ley, Eleazer Buller, Moses Brown, Charles Bonnet, Willlnm Buck, jr., Asa Brown, James Brown, Jr., David Brown, Waterman Baldwin, John Cary, Jesse Coleman, William Cornelius, Samuel Cole, William Davison, Douglass Davison, William Dunn, Daniel Denton, Samuel Ensign, Na- thaniel Evans, John Foster, Frederick Follet, Nathaniel Fry, James Prisby, jr., Bliaha Garret, James Gould, Titus Garret, Mumford Gardner, Abraham Hamester, Israel Harding, Henry Harding, Thomas Harding, Stephen Harding, Oliver Harding, Richard Halsted, Thomas Hill, John Halsted, Benjamin Harvey, Salomon Johnson, Asahel Jerome, John Kelly, Stephen Munson, Seth Marvin, Martin Nelson, Stephen Petlibone, Stephen Preston, Thomas Porter, Aaron Perliins, John Perkins, Ebene- zer Phillips, Ashabel Robinson, Ira Stevens, Blisha Sills, Ebenezcr Shiner, Asa Smith, Robert Sharer, Isaac Smith, Luke Sweetlaud, Shadraoh Sills, Samuel Tubbs, William Terry, John Tubbs, Ephraim Tyler, Edward Walker, Obadiah Walker, James Wells, jr., Nathaniel Williams, Thomas Wilson. The following is a copy of a pay roll of the 2nd inde- pendent company from Wyoming. Its term of service was three years from January ist, 1777. Captain, Samuel Ransom; captain, Simon Spalding; lieutenant, Si- mon Spalding; lieutenant, Timothy Pierce ; lieutenant, John Jenkins; ensign, Timothy Pierce ; first sergeant, Parker Wilson ; second sergeant, Josiah Pasco ; privates — Caleb Atherton, Mason F. Alden, Samuel Bil- lings, Jesse Bezale, Jehial Billings, Isaac Benjamin, Oliver Bennet, Asa- hel Burnham, Rufus Bennet, Benjamin Clark, Gordon Church, Price Cooper, Josiah Corning, Benja miu "Cole, Nathan Church, Daniel Franklin, Charles Gaylord, Ambrose Gaylord, Justin Gaylord, Benjamin Hemp- stead, Timothy Hopkins, William Kellog, Lawrence Kinney, Daniel Lawrence, Nicholas Manswell, Elisha Matthewson, Constant Matthew- son, William McClure, Thomas Neal, Asahel Nash, John O'Neal, Peter Osterhout, Amos Ormsburg, Thomas Packett, Ebenezer Roberts, Samuel Saucer, Asa Sawyer, Stephen Skiff, John Swift, Constant Searle, Wiliiaoi Smith, jr., Elisha Satterlee, Robert Spencer, John Vangordon, Thomas Williams, Calet Warden, Richard Woodstock, Elijah Walker, Zeber Williams. Of those who left this company and returned to Wyo- ming to take part in the battle on the 3d of July, 1778, the following were killed: Captain Robert Durkee, Cap- tain Samuel Ransom, Lieutenant Timothy Pierce, Lieu- tenant James Wells, and privates Samuel Cole, Daniel Denton, William Dunn, Daniel Lawrence and Constant Searle. It will be remembered that in the autumn of 1776 the army under General Washington retired from Long Island, followed by the advancing army of General Howe, and on the 8th of December crossed the Dela- ware. On the 12th of the same month Congress, by reso- lution, directed " that the two companies raised in the town of Westmoreland be ordered to join General Wash- ington with all possible expedition;" an order which they at once obeyed, and reached the army before the close of the year. They were in the battle of Millstone on the 2nd of January, 1777, and their good conduct there elicited the commendations of their commanding officers. They were also in the battles of Bound Brook, Brandywine, Germantown and Mud Fort. During the year 1777 the situation in the Wyoming valley was not materially changed. The alliance between the British and Indians, which had from the first been feared, notwithstanding the professions of neutrality of the latter, was formed on the 20th of June, when the Indians were taken by General Burgoyne into the Brit- ish service and the price of fio each for human scalps was offered them by him. Tories resided on the north- ern border of the settlement, as well as between Tunk- hannock and Wyalusing; and between these and the Indians in the vicinity of Tioga, Chemung and Newtown it was learned that communication was kept up. Evi- dences of sympathy with the British government on the part of settlers to the north and west from the valley who came from New York, Delaware and lower Pennsylvania, became more and more apparent. Several persons who were suspected of tory sentiments had been arrested and sent to Connecticut by the committee of inspection, and in the autumn of this year several scouting parties were sent by the same committee up the river and between thirty and forty tories were arrested, some of them taken with arms in their hands. A conspiracy among them to *^^ THE BURDENS OF WESTMORELAND— PROTECTION WITHDRAWN, SI bring the Tioga Indians on the settlement was broken up by the arrest of these tories. Hon. Peter M. Osterhout relates that Zebulon Marcy was with one of these scouting parties a short distance above Tunkhannock, and that " a tory by the name of Adam Wortman (a Dutchman) came out of his house armed with a gun. His wife called to him, ' Shoot, Adam ! Shoot ! ' Adam fired, and the ball struck an old fashioned iron tobacco box in the vest pocket of Marcy and lodged, making an indentation of the size of the bullet but doing no other damage. One of the party fired, giving Wort- man a mortal wound. He begged for help and asked that they should send for a physician. Dr. William Hooker Smith, a noted surgeon who was called, remarked as he set out that if he was not dead when he arrived he would not live long afterward. The tobacco box is still in possession of the family." It is proper here to state that these tories alleged they had been driven to their affiliation with the British and Indians by the hostile attitude of the Yankees at Wyo- ming, who had persecuted and annoyed them because they had obtained the titles to their lands from the State of Penn- sylvania; and that the Indians became hostile to the Amer- icans because of the conduct of the Connecticut settlers. Although the Indians had up to the close of this year made no descent on the valley, they had taken prisoners some whom the tories had betrayed into their hands, and among them Lieutenant John Jenkins, who was taken to Niagara and afterward to Montreal. He subsequently escaped, and arrived home in June of the next year. The patriotism of the people here is attested by the fact that burdens greatly disproportioned to those of other citizens of Connecticut were imposed on them and borne for the sake of the cause with but few murmurs. The two companies that had been raised in Westmoreland tor the defense of the town, and ordered to the field in an emergency, were retained to contribute toward the half filled quota of Connecticut. According to a calculation by the excellent historian Miner, Westmoreland had in the field more than eight times its proportion of the quota of that State ; and these troops were retained as before stated to swell the quota of Connecticut, leaving only old men and boys to defend the settlement against sudden irruptions of Indians, notwithstanding its isolated con- dition. Six forts were in process of construction by these people "without fee or reward," and the military organ- izations of these exempt men were constantly in requi- sition to guard against surprise or to go upon scouts. The town was taxed by the State of Connecticut to the amount of ;^2,ooo. In view of the fact that the town had steadfastly maintained its allegiance to the province, without assistance from the latter, when it was repeatedly invaded, and had sent the flower of its youth to help fill the quota of the State, it is, as Miner says, a matter of surprise "that a sum so considerable, or indeed any sum, should be demanded of Wyoming for the purposes of the State treasury at Hartford." A few quotations will show by what kind of a spirit the people were animated at that tmie: "At a town meeting legally warned, holden December 30th, 1777, John Jenkins was chosen moderator for ye work of ye day." "Voted by this town, that the committee of inspection be empowered to supply the sogers' wives and the sogers' widows and their families with the necessaries of life." Of this vote Miner says: " Let it be engraved on plates of silver! Let it be printed in letters of gold! Challenge Rome in her republican glory, or Greece in her democratic pride, to produce, circumstances con- sidered,, an act more generous and noble." Of the women it was said: "Justice and gratitude de- mand a tribute to the praiseworthy spirit of the wives and daughters of Wyoming. While their husbands and fathers were away on public duty they cheerfully assumed a large portion of the labor which females could do. They assisted to plant, made the hay, husked and gathered the corn and gathered the harvest." The commencement of the year 1778 found the aspect of affairs somewhat changed in America. General Bur- goyne had been defeated and had surrendered at Sara- toga, and there was no effective British force to prosecute a campaign for that year. The avowed policy of the enemy was therefore to carry on a devastating frontier warfare by tories and Indians. Under these circum- stances, of course, the fears of the inhabitants of this valley were excited for their own safety. By their ener- getic measures against the tories up the river they had incurred their deadly hatred, and they had well grounded reasons to apprehend an attack from these and the Indians of the Six Nations beyond. They also had reason to fear that for strategic purposes the settlement would be at- tacked. Its destruction would remove the only barrier to a descent on the German settlements farther south, or an attack on it would divert the American forces from other points. Early in the year it became known that preparations were being made for attacks on the frontiers of New York, Pennsylvania and Virginia, and appeals were made to Congress for protection. To these ap- peals Congress responded by authorizing the town of Westmoreland to raise a company of infantry for the defense of the town and the settlements of the neighborhood against Indians and other enemies, "and that the said company find their own arms, accou- trements and blankets." In other words, they appealed for help and received a gracious permission to help them- selves, after their means for doing so had been exhausted. Miner justly says: "Wyoming seems to have been doomed by a selfishness which cannot be designated except by terms which respect forbids us to employ." As early as May it was expected from the appearance of Indian scouts in the vicinity that an attack on the valley was meditated, and these suspicions were confirmed when, on the 2nd of June, Lieutenant John Jenkins re- turned from his captivity and informed the settlers that the plan had been formed at Niagara to invade the fron- tier. At about the same time an Indian spy who came into the settlement was made drunk, and while in that condition revealed the fact that an attack on the valley ^h ^h 52 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. was soon to be made. During the month of June attacks were made on frontier settlements at various points. Jenkins says: "The whole frontier was aglow with fire, desolation and death, beneath the fagot, tomahawk, rifle and scalping knife of the Indians and their cruel and im- placable allies the British and tories." During the month of June some acts of hostility by the Indians and tories occurred. On the 12th William Crooks was shot and scalped about two miles above Tunkhannock at the abandoned house of the tory John Secord; and on the r7th a recon.joitering party of six were fired on about six miles below Tunkhannock, and one of the party, named INIiner Robbins, killed, and another, named Joel Phelps, wounded. When the threatening aspects of affairs in the valley came to be known in the field. Captains Durkee and Ransom, of the companies from Westmoreland, with Lieutenants Wells and Ross and about 20 privates, left and hastened home. The companies were then, by a resolution of Congress passed June 23d, 1778, consoli- dated, under Captain Simon Spalding; and afterward, it is said, were ordered to march to Lancaster, and still later to Wyoming, but not in season to be of service. In the latter part of June it became known that the forces of the enemy were concentrating at Newtown and Tioga, preparatory to a descent on the valley. These forces consisted of about four hundred British and tories, under Major John Butler, and four or five hundred Indians, largely composed of Senecas. They descended the Susquehanna and landed not far from the mouth of Bowman's creek, where they remained until they were joined by about two hundred more Senecas, who had been to the west branch. They left the large boats here and passed with the smaller ones down to the "Three Islands," fifteen miles above the valley. They marched thence to Sutton's creek, where they were encamped on the evening of the 30th. On the morning of that day a party of twelve from Fort Jenkins passed up the river a few miles to their work. Toward evening they were attacked by the Indians ; several were killed, others taken prisoners and four escaped, arriving at the fort on the morning of July ist. While the settlers were march- ing on that day, under the command of Colonel Zebulon Butler, of the Continental army (then at home), and Colonel Denison and Lieutenant Colonel Dorrance, to bring down the bodies of their slain neighbors, the enemy were marching toward the valley on the northwestern side of the mountain, on the eastern side of which they encamped, in full view of the valley. On the morning of the 2nd Fort Wintermoot was opened to them by its tory occupants, and on the evening of the same day the garrison of Fort Jenkins capitulated. The day was spent by the settlers in gathering the women and children in places of safety, mostly in Forty Fort, which was about four miles below Fort Wintermoot, and in making jjre- parations for defense. Steuben Jenkins thus describes the condition of things in the valley on the 3d: " The upper part of tlie valley, on the west side of the river, -was In the hands of the enemy, numbering 1,100 men, well armed and equipped thirsting for conquest and blood. ' "So complete and effective was their possession that no person had been able to pass their lines to give information of either their numbers, position or purpose. "Jenkins's Fort, on the Susquehanna, just above the west end of the Pittston ferry bridg-e, was in their posssession, having capitulated Ihe day before, but possession had not been taken until this morning. " Wintermoot Fort, situate on the bank of the plain, about a mile and a half below and about half a mile from the river, had b3en in their pos- session all the day before, and was used as their headquarters. " Forty Fort, some four miles further down the river, situate on the west bank of the Susquehanna, was the largest and strongest fort in the valley. Thither had fled all the people on the west side of the river on the 1st and 2nd, and this was to be the gathering point of the patriot band. The Wilkes-Barre and Pittston forts were the srathering points for the people in their immediate neighborhood. " The forces, such as they were, were distributed throughout the val- ley somewhat as follows : " The Kingston company, commanded by Captain Aholiab Buck, num- bering about forty men, was at Forty Fort. "The Shawnee company, commanded by Captain Asaph Whittlesej', numbering about forty-four men, was at Forty Fort. "The Hanover companj', commanded by Captain William McKar- rachen, numbering about thirty, was at home, in Hanover. "The upper Wilkes-Barre company, commanded by Captain Rezin Geer, numbering about thirty men, was at Wilkes-Barre. " The lower Wilkes-Barre company, commanded by Captain James Bid- lack, jr., numbering about thirty-eight men, was at Wilkes-Barre. "The Pittston company, commanded by Captain Jeremiah Blanchard, numbering about forty men, was at Pittston Fort. "The Huntington and Salem company, commanded by Captain John Franklin, numbering about thirty-five men, was at home. " These were the militia, or train-bands, of the settlement, and in- cluded all who were able to bear arms, without regard to age. Old men and boys were enrolled in them. " Then there was Captain Detriok Hewitt's company, formed and kept together under the resolution of Congress, to which reference has al- ready been made. '* Besides these, there was a number who were not enrolled in any of the companies, numbering about one hundred ; and in addition, there were a number in the valley who had been driven from the settlements up the river. Making altogether in the valley a force of men of allages. and boys, numbering about four hundred." Colonel Zebulon Butler, who had been designated to command the forces in the valley, was at Wilkes-Barrei placing things in order for defense there. On the morn- ing of the 3d a flag was sent by Major Butler demanding the unconditional surrender of Forty Fort, with Captain Hewitt's company and the public stores, and threatening to move on them at once in case of a refusal. Colonel Denison, who was in command of the fort, refused, and sent immediately for Colonel Butler, who ordered up the two companies from Wilkes-Barre and the one from Hanover. It was decided on consultation to hold the fort; and in order to secure delay for the possible arrival of the company of Captain Spalding, who it was learned was on the way, and also that of Captain Franklin, a flag was sent to Major Butler,, asking for a conference. This flag was fired on, as were two others that -ivere afterward sent out. At 3 P. M. a force of about four hundred including old men and boys, left Forty Fort and marched up the valley to protect it against the prowling Indians. They proceeded about a mile and halted at Ah-iham's creek, where the road now crosses it on a stone bridge. Another flag was sent from that point, but it was fired on, and up to this time the scouts which had been sent out had brought no definite information as to the strength and probable designs of the enemy. A discussion arose here as to the measures proper to be adopted in view of the circumstances, and the debate became very earnest, and even personal. Some of the most sanguine demand- ed to be led forward and attack the enemy at once, while the more cool and judicious opposed this + course. Scouts reported that the enemy was prob- ably preparing to leave the valley. Charges of cow- ardice were made, and the Hanover company be- came mutinous and threatened a revolt. An ad- vance was decided on, and they proceeded to a point near the hill just below the monument, where they were met by scouts who reported Fort Wintermoot on fire and the enemy leaving the valley. They advanced to a point near the southwestern bounds of the fair ground, where they formed in line of battle, extending some i,6oo feet northwesterly from the edge of the terrace which forms the plain. In this order they advanced cau- tiously about a mile, and when within forty or fifty rods of Fort Wintermoot they counted the line off into odds and evens, and each advanced alternately ten paces and fired while the others loaded. As they advanced the enemy fell back before them. When the line had reached a point as far up as Fort Wintermoot, the line of the British and tories was formed behind a log fence on the opposite side of a cleared field. The firing had become general along these lines. The Indians, who were con- cealed behind the shrubbery of a marsh to the left, broke from their cover and made an impetuous attack on that flank. To prevent them from gaining the rear. Colonel Denison, who commanded the left wing, gave the order to fall back and form an oblique line. This order was misunderstood and confusion was the result. Jenkins says of the battle after this: " The Indians, meantime, rushed in upon them, yelling, iDrandishing- their spears and tomahawks, and the British and tories pressed down upon them in front, pouring in a terrible lire. " Broken, borne down by overwhelming numbers, and pressed by an irresistible force, the left gave way and fell back on the right. The movement was rapid and confused and brought confusion on the right. From confusion to disorder, from disorder to broken lines, and thence to flight, were but steps in regular gradation. The flight became a slaughter, the slaughter a massacre. Such was the battle. " It was impossible that the result of the battle should have been dif- ferent. The enemy was three to one, and had the advantage of position. Our men fought bravely, but it was of no avail. "Every captain fell at his position in the line, and there the men lay like sheaves of wheat after the harvesters." The fugitives were pursued by the Indians and tories, who vied with each other in the work of slaughter. Space will not permit a detail of all the horrors of that night. The following account of the tragedy at what is known as Queen Esther's Rock (which still lies on the ■ field), is taken from Jenkins's centennial address: " On the evening of the battle sixteen of the prisoners taken on the field of battle and in the flight, under promise of quarter, were collected together by their savage captors around a rock near the brow of the hill at the southeast of the village of Wyoming, and a little more than a mile from the field of action. The rock at that time was about two feet high on its eastern front, with a surface four or Ave feet square, running back to a level with the ground and beneath it at its western extremity. The prisoners were arranged in a ring around this rock, and were surrounded with a body of two hundred savages, under the lead- ership and inspiration of Queen Esther, a fury in the form of woman, who assumed the office of executioner. The victims, one at a time, were taken from the devoted circle and led to the east front of the rock, where they weremade to sitdown. They were then taken by the hair and their heads pulled back on the rock, when the bloody Queen Esther with death-maul would dash out their brains. The savages, as each victim was in this manner immolated.would dance around in a ring, holding each others' hands, shouting and hallooing, closing with the death-whoop. In this manner fourteen of the party had been put to death. The fury of the savage queen increased with the work of blood. Seeing there was no other way or hope of deliverance, Lebbeus Hammond, one of the prisoners, in a fit of desperation, with a sudden spring broke through the circle of Indians and fied toward the mountain. Rifles cracked I Tomahawks flew I Indians yelled ! But Hammond held on his course for about fifty rods, when he stumbled and fell, but sprang up again. Stopping for a moment to listen, he found his pursuers on each side of him, or a little ahead, running and yelling like demons. He stepped be- hind a large pine tree to take breath, when, reflecting that his pursuers beingalready ahead of him he would gain nothing by going on in that direction, he turned and ran for the river in such a course as to avoid the party around the fatal rock, and yet to keep an eye on them. Ho passed by without being seen, went down and plunged into the high grass in the swampy ground at the foot of the hill, where he remained ooncealedforabouttwohours, watching the movements and listening to the yells of hs savage pursuers. He finally crawled out of his con- cealment, cautiously made his way to the river, and thence down to the fort." On the morning of the 4th, Major Butler sent a flag to Forty Fort, inviting Colonel Denison to come to his headquar-ters and agree on terms of capitulation. During the time that was granted for consultation Colonel Zebu- Ion Butler and the survivors of Captain Hewitt's company fled, to avoid being given up as prisoners, as demanded at first by Major Butler. The terms of capitulation agreed on were honorable, and it is believed that Major Butler exerted himself to have them strictly carried out. The Indians, however, as he alleged, could not be con- trolled. They set fire to the village of Wilkes-Barre, which was consumed and plundered, and burned the property of the settlers, in violation of these terms. He said to Colonel Denison: ' Make out a list of the prop- erty lost, and I pledge my honor it shall be paid for.'' It is just to state that Major Butler requested to have a quantity of whiskey which was in the fort destroyed be- fore he took possession, to prevent the Indians from being made mad with it; and that the barrels, sixteen in number, were rolled into the river, and the heads were knocked in after they were afloat. It is but justice to say of Major Butler that his con- duct was not marked by the atrocities that some have . imputed to him. Miner says of him that his haste to de- part from the valley " can only be accounted for on the supposition that he was sickened by the tortures already committed, dreaded the further cruelties of the Indians, and desired by his absence to escape the responsibility of their future conduct." He left the valley on the 8th. A portion of the Indians remained after his departure and continued the work of wanton destruction. The statements of the number slain in this battle and massacre hkve varied from 160 to 360. Probably it may be safely estimated at 300. The names which have been ascertained, and inscribed on the monument that has been erected to the raeinory of the heroes of this battle, are given in the history of the village of Wyoming. On the night of the massacre inost of the inhabitants of the valley had fled, either down the river or to the east and many of those who remained escaped on the night of the 4th. The number who thus became fugitives is not known, but it has been estimated at 2,000. Most of them were women and children, whose protectors were in the Continental army or were lying dead on the battle field. On crossing the river they plunged into the moun- tain wilderness, beyond which lay a wide and dismal swamp. How many perished in their flight over the mountains and through this swamp, or by what suft'erings and lingering tortures they died, will never be known. . A. Fell. Provision is made in this building for the pub- lic offices, which formerly occupied a separate one. The jail begun in 1802 ser\'ed until i8;o, although long before that time it had proved inadecjuate to the de- mands upon it and was unworthy of the advanced ])Osi- tion of the commonwealth in the matter of ])rison disci- pline. On the 2nd of April, 1867, the contract for the build- ing of a new jail was awarded to Lewis Havens, at ,$189,- 575. On the i8th of August, 1870, the sheriff was or- dered to remove the prisoners to this jail, and on the 4tli of November in the same year the building was accepted from the contractor. An expenditure of $18,500.93 above the contract price was incurred for additional and extra work. From a report furnished by the clerk of the county commissioners it appears that the building and furniture cost $302,536.92. It is located above North street, between River street and the Susquehanna, in the city of Wilkes-Barre. It is built of stone brought from Campbell's ledge, opposite Pittston. It occupies a lot of five acres,fand the building covers three-fourths of an acre. It is a fireproof structure, and it is at the same time substantially and tastefully built and elegantly painted inside. It has in both wings seventy-two cells, thirty-two of which are double, sufficient in all for 104 prisoners. The building is heated by three furnaces, and all the cooking and heating of water are done by them. It is ventilated by a fan, which is propelled by an engine — pre- cisely as coal mines are ventilated. There are few, if any, prisons in this portion of the State that are equal to this in the excellence of their con- struction and arrangements, especially with regard to cleanliness and healthfulness. Under the old State syf,;jm each city, borough and township maintained and cared for the poor within its limits. About the year 1858, the question of erecting a county poor-house was submitted to the people in ac- cordance with an act of Assembly, and decided in the negative. By special legislation portions of the county were then erected into poor districts, each under a special act. In i860, by an act of Assembly, the township of Wilkes-Barre was made a poor district and a farm was purchased in the township of Newport, about four miles below Nanticoke, on the east side of the river. In i86r the Central poor district of Luzerne county was incor- porated. This district embraces the townships of Wilkes- Barre, Plains, Kingston, Plymouth, Hanover and New- port, the boroughs of Kingston, Plymouth, Ashley, Sugar Notch and Nanticoke, and the city of Wilkes-Barre. In 1863 the first poor-house was built, on the farm purchased by Wilkes-Barre in i860. It was a framed building 35 by 74 feet, three stories in height above the basement, which was finished for cooking and dining apartments. This with the old farm house and a small kitchen constituted the poor-house up to 1879, when another building was erected. This was of brick, 35 by 76 feet, three stories in height, with a finished basement, which is used as a laundry. The female paupers occupy this building, the old wooden structure being used exclu- sively for males. This was incorporated on the 8th of May, 1857, under the corporate name of " The Poor District of Jenkins township, Pittston borough and Pittston township." The first directors were John D. Stark, Peter Winters, William Ford and Ebenezer Drake. This board of directors in 1857 purchased a farm of 160 acres in the township of Ransom, now in the county of Lackawanna. The farm house standing on this farm was used as a poor-house till the year 1877, when the present fine brick structure was erected. This is three stories in height above the basement, which is used as a kitchen and place of work. The building is capable of accommodating one hundred paupers. The present directors are Paul Bohan, L. C. Hessler, F'rancis Yates and Charles Banker. Criminals convicted of capital offenses have been exe- cuted at Wilkes-Barre as follows: July ist, 1779, Michael Rosebury, by order of General Sullivan, for instigating desertions from the latter's command; James Cadden, March 2nd, 1849, for the murder of Daniel Gilligan below Wilkes-Barre; Reese Evans, September gth, 1853, for shooting Lewis Reese on the Kingston flats in order to rob him; James Quinn, April 21st, 1854, for the murder of Mahala \Viggins on the canal near the Nanticoke dam; William Muller, April 30th, 1858, for the murder of George Mathias, a few miles from Wilkes-Barre, on the Easton road. In 1790 Luzerne county had a population of 4,904; in 1800, 12,839; 181°. 18,109; 1S20 (after the formation of Susquehanna and Bradford\ 20,027: 1830,27,305; 1840, 44,006; 1850 (after the formation of ^^'5oming county\ 56,072; 1860,90,254; 1870,160,755. In the early history of political parties in this county, the Federalists, who favored a strong national govern- ment, had a large majority. Within the memory of the present generation the Democrats have oftenest had the ascendency. Below will be found lists of the citizens who have administered the affairs of the county and represented it in various legislative bodies. In the spring after the formation of the town of West- moreland Zebulon Butler and Timothy Smith, and in the autumn of that year Christopher Avery and John Jenkins appeared before the Assembly of Connecticut on behalf of the new town. Timothy Smith had attended the last three previous sessions; Joseph Sluman the last two and John Jenkins the last one. Captain Butler and Joseph Sluman were the next representatives in that body of whom we find record. Butler was also a member in the <^ OFFICERS AND RIOPRFSENTATIVES OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 59 autumn session of 1775, in which Major Ezekiel Pierce was his colleague, and in the spring session of 1776 we find John Jenkins and Solomon Strong. Colonel Nathan Denison was a member in the spring sessions of 17 78 and 1779, and the autumn sessions of 1776, i77Sand 1S80. John Jenkins and Isaac Tripp were the Asseml)l5'men at both sessions of 1777; Anderson Dana in the spring, and Asahel Buck in the October session of 1778. John Hurlbiit served in the spring sessions of 1779, 1780 and 1781. and the autumn session of 1780. Jonathan Filch was a member in the spring sessions of 1780, 1781 and 178?, and the autumn session of 1782. (Jbadiah Gore and John Franklin were the members at the spring ses- sion of 1 78 1, and the former attended both sessions in 1782. John Sherman of Westmoreland was appointed judge of probate and justice of the peace for Litchfield county, Conn., in 1775. Stewart Pearce gives the following list of piesident judges after the adoption of the constitution of 1790: Jacob Rush, 1791-1806; Thomas Cooper, 1806-11; Seth Chapman, 1S11-13; John B. Gibson, 1813-10; Thomas Burnside, 1816-1S; David Scott,iSi8-38; William Jessup. 1838-41; John N. Conyngham, 1841-70. Garrick M. Harding was the incumbent in 1870-79. Charles E. Rice was commissioned in January, 1880. LTnder the act of June 27th, 1867, creating the office of additional law judge in Luzerne county, H. M. Hoyt was appointed to that office. At the election the same year E. L. Dana was elected for the term of ten years. John Handley was elected under an act giving still another law judge to the county. In 1877 W. H, Stanton was elected. He resigned in about a year. In 1879 Charles E. Rice was elected, but was commissioned pres- ident judge in January, 1880, and Stanley Woodard was appointed additional law judge. Lip to i860 this county belonged to a Congressional district which also included Berks, Bucks, Northampton, Northumberland and other counties. The first repre- sentative from Luzerne county, David Scott, of Wikes- Barre, was elected in 1816. He resigned on being appointed president judge. Representatives from the district including Luzerne county have since been chosen as follows: 1818, 1H20, George Denison iiml .John JMiii-ray; ]S3()-33, Cox Ellis, Ccorse Kreainer, Siimuel McKenn, Pliilandev Stephens, Lrivis Downrt and A- Marr; 18.33 (Luzerne and Coliiinbia), l.'- ^h EARLY MAIL ROUTES— THE BEGINNING OF MINING. 67 " Sometimes tbe mail boy, finding no one at home but the children, who were generally eoKaged drumming on the dinner pot, or the house- wife, unctuous with lard and doug:h, loUi-bye-babying a boisterous child to sleep, was compelled to act as carrier and postmaster himself. "At another point upon the route the commission of postmaster fell upon the thick shoulders of a Dutchman, remarkable for nothing but his full round stomach. This was his pride, and be would pat it in- cessantly while he dilated upon the virtues of his ' kron t ' and his ' f row.' It would have been amazingly stupid for the department to have ques- tioned Jit's order or integrity, for as the lean mail bag came tumbling into his door from the saddle, the old comical Dutchman and his de- voted wife carried it to a rear bed room in his house, poured the con- tents upon the floor, where at one time it actually took them both from three o'clock one afternoon until nine the next morning to change the mail. Believing, with Lord Bacon, that * knowledge is power,' he de- tained, about election time, all political documents directed to his op- ponents. These he carefully deposited in a safe place in his garret until after election day, when they wore handed over with great liberality to those to whom they belonged, provided he was paid the postage. "At another remote place where the office was kept, the mail bag be- infir returned to the post-boy almost empty led him to investigate the cause of this sudden collapse in a neighborhood inhabited by few. The prolific number of ten children, graduating from one to twenty in years, all called the postmaster ' dad,' and as none could re6d, letters and papers came to a dead stop on arriving thus far. As these were poured out on the floor among pans and kettles each child would seize a package, ex- claiming, ' This is for me!' and ' This for you !' and that for somebody else, until the greater bulk of mail matter intended for other oiiices was par- celed out and appropriated, and never heard of again." The first regular stage, a two-horse vehicle, vi'as es- tablished between Easton and Philadelphia in 1806 by Messrs. Robinson and Arndt. The trip was made weekly and required a day and a half for each way. Conrad Teter is still remembered by some of the oldest citizens as one of the earliest stage proprietors. He carried the mail in his stages weekly between Sunbury and Painted Post, by way of Wilkes-Barre, Tunkhannock, etc., from 1810 to 1816. Pearce says of him: " He was a large fat man, of a jovial disposition and desirous of making a favorable impression on strangers. He drove stage, his own stage, up the river. He took pleasure in pointing out /lis farms to the passengers. He frequently informed them as he passed the large residence and farm of Colonel Benjamin Dorrance, in Kingston, that he was the owner, and if asked why he drove stage would reply that he loved to rein four horses but had no taste for farming." In 1816 three brothers named Horton established a line of four-horse coaches over this route, and during eight years carried the mails between Baltimore and Owego, Wilkes-Barre and Montrose. About the year 1822 the first stage ran between Wilkes- Barre and Dundaff. It was at first a two-horse vehicle, and was run by the brothers Daniel and John Searles. Two years later a four-horse vehicle replaced the first, and the route intersected the Milford and Owego Turn- pike at Carbondale. The Searles brothers were then the proprietors of the line. Pearce records George Root as the veteran stage driver of this region, a title to which a service of forty years entitled him. CHAPTER X. ISTORY OF THE COAL TRADE IN LUZERNE AND LACKAWANNA COUNTIES. CENTURY has passed since anthracite coal was first taken from the Wyoming valley to be used in the forges of the United States armory at Carlisle. It was quarried from outcropping veins on the banks of the Susque- hanna river, near Wilkes-Barr,e; floated in Dur- ham boats to Harris's landing and thence drawn in wagons to its destination. A trade floating to market with the current, in boats which on the return trip must be towed or pulled up stream by the arms of sturdy boatmen, must have been small; but it was the be- ginning, and, continuing through the Revolutionary war, and through various stages of progress, it has reached giant proportions while yet. in 1880, scarce beyond its infancy. Volney L. Maxwell, Esq., in his interesting " Lectures on Mineral Coal," read before the Wyoming Historical and Geological Society in 1858, says that the old quarry above Mill creek, from which the first coal was taken, was explored by direction of its proprietor, Colonel George M. Hollenback, some years before, when traces of the ancient mining were found, overgrown with large trees. At that early day the presence of coal was only known by its appearance or outcropping at the earth's surface, few believing thai it could follow, like the under crust of a pie, from one rim of the basin to the other. Long after, in 1837, a newspaper published by Messrs. Webb & Blackman, in Kingston, replied to the question, " Does coal run under all land in the valley ? " "Yes — certainly.- At Carbon- dale they have followed the coal under ground about a mile." Even at this date there are people in the coal field who doubt its existence beyond the reach of vision. As a rule, the deeper it lies the better it is supposed to be. Near the old mine the Lehigh Valley Coal Company has now two shafts in full operation, the coal more than six hundred feet below the surface, from which sev- eral hundred thousand tons of anthracite may be raised annually; the mines extending not only under the lands of Mr. Hollenback, but under and beyond the river Sus- quehanna, taking coal from the farms of Colonel Charles Dorrance and others on the Kingston side. The trade down the Susquehanna continued and in- creased after the war closed. The coal, quarried from the hill sides, hauled to the river in wagons and loaded into arks built for the purpose, of rough planks, floated off on the spring and summer freshets in search of a market. Teams of mine-owners and of neighboring far- mers found winter employment; labor otherwise unem- ployed had occupation in mining, cutting timber for the rude arks, and in manning them for the voyage. What jolly fellows were those arkmen and raftmen returning with pockets full of money from the annual frolic down the river. Few of them are left, but they insist upon their right of recognition as pioneers in the opening coal trade, earlier than 1820. Mr. John B. Smith, senator from Luzerne in the Legis- lature of Pennsylvania and a son of Abijah Smith, one of the earliest operators of Plymouth and proprietor of one of the largest mines then known in the valley, wrote to the Wilkes-Barre Record of the 7?V«« October 27th, 1874: " I see you make a statement in your daily that the coal business opened in 1820, with 365 tons. Abijah Smith purchased an ark in Wilkes-Barre, of John P. Arndt, November gth, 1807, and ran it to Columbia, loaded with fifty-five tons of coal. From that date Abijah Smith and John Smith ran several arks yearly to 1826, loaded with *^^ v* 68 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. coal for market. In 1811 and 1812 they ran 220 tons of coal to Havre-de-Grace, had it re-loaded on a schooner named " Washington," consigned to Price cSi Walerbiiry, New York, who sold it on commission and rendered a statement February ist, 1813. I think you should date the opening of the coal trade in 1807 instead of 1820." Mr. Stewart Pearce in his full and usually faithful "Annals of Luzerne County " says thaT Colonel George M. Hollenback sent two four-horse loads of coal to Phil- adelphia in 1813, and that Mr. James Lee during the same year sent a four-horse load from Hanover to a blacksmith at Germantown. The blacksmiths of this region early learned the use of anthracite coal. Obadiah and Daniel Gore were smiths, who came from Connecticut as early as 1768 and became owners of coal lands near Wilkes-Barre. Their experience in the use of the coal in their shops is said to have led Jesse Fell to his experiment with coal in the open grate, to which we are indebted for our pleasant grate fires. Judge Fell was a mason, and left on a fly leaf of his copy of " The Free Mason's Monitor " this record: "February 11, of masonry 5808. — Made the experiment of burning the common stone coal of the valley in a grate in a common fireplace in my house, and find it will answer the purpose of fuel, making a clearer and better fire, at less expense, than burning wood in the common way. " Jesse Fell." " Borough of Wilkes-Barre, " February 11, 1808." These experiments are sufficiently authenticated to pass into history, and it would be " biting a file " to attempt to deprive the memories of Daniel Gore and Jesse Fell of the credit and honor so long and so freely accorded by those who knew them best, and who often made their glasses of "flip" foam with the poker heated red hot between the bars of the original grate, before which they toasted feet and fingers during the cold winters. Among the papers of Jacob Cist, preserved by a grand- son, Harrison Wright, Esq., of Wilkes-Barre, Pa., are certificates from several gentlemen who have made exper- iments at an early day in burning anthracite coal. One is from Mr. Frederick Graff, dated Philadelphia, May 13th, 1805, in which he says that in 1802 he had made trial of burning anthracite in a stove, and found it to answer exceedingly well. Mr. Graff signs as clerk of the water works of Philadelphia. This may have been some of the coal first taken out by the Lehigh Mine Company, with which many experiments were no doubt attempted besides the fruitless one described at the water works. Another certificate is from Mr. Oliver Evans, February iSth, 1803, who says he had used anthracite coal in a stove, and in a small contracted grate in an open fireplace, producing a degree of heat greater than from any other coal he had known. True the original draft of survey of the manor of Sun- bury, made by Charles Stewart for the proprietaries, on the west side of the Susquehanna had "stone coal" marked upon it ; but the date, 1768, is the same as given by Mr. Gore to Judge Fell as that of their success in using coal in their shop fires, so stated in a letter printed in Haz- sard's Register , and the surveyor, knowing of the use of coal for centuries in England, upon hearing of the use of it on the east side of the river would naturally suppose it to exist on the west side if he had seen it on the hill slope. Judge Fell first made a grate of green hickory wood, in which he tried his experiments; then had one made of iron which he placed in the bar-room of his house. There are many living yet who can remember when coal was shipped in arks from Plymouth, Wilkes-Barre and Pittston. Crandall Wilcox as early as 1814 sold coal from his mine (now operated by the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company, on Mill creek. Plains township) at $8.50 per ton in Marietta, Lancaster county. Pa. His sons at a much later date sent coal in arks to market by the river even after the canal was completed to Nanti- coke, 1830. Colonel Lord Butler owned that wonderful develop- ment of anthracite, on Coal brook, 1 mile east of the borough, afterwards known as the Baltimore mine, which supplied Wilkes-Barre in early times. The coal was quarried and delivered at $3 per ton. Colonel Washington Lee sent several hundred tons from his mines in Hanover in 1820, which sold in Balti- more at $8 per ton. This brings us abreast of opening trade on the Lehigh in 1820. Seeing its 365 tons and going it much better, Mr. Pearce states the total to this date from Wyoming at 8,500 tons. In 1823 Colonel Lee and George Chahoon leased amine in Newport and contracted for the mining and delivery of one thousand tons of coal in arks at Lee's Ferry at $1.10 per ton — the coal selling- at Columbia at a loss of $1,500. In 1829 the Butler mine on Coal brook, near Wilkes- Barre, was purchased for Baltimore capitalists, and the " Baltimore Coal Company'' was formed under a charter from the State of Maryland of February 17th, 1829, being originally incorporated as the " Baltimore and Pittsburg Coal Company." From this company the coal takes its name which has given a wide reputation as one of the finest veins of anthracite in the region. It first shipped co.il in arks. The Stockbridge mine in Pittston sent coal down the river in arks in 1828, furnishing about two thousand tons in three years. Joseph Wright had shipped coal from Pittston in 1813. This was probably the son of Thomas Wright, who had a forge on the Lackawanna near the crossing of the main road to Providence and well under- stood the value of coal and coal lands. The place is still known as " Old Forge." It was ainong the earliest tracts to change hands from original owners, having been sold by the heirs of Thomas Wright to a Mr. Armstrong, of Newburg, and Hon. Charles Augustus Murray, a gentle- man from England. It was said that the location of Scranton hung in the balance at one time between "Old Forge" and " Slocura Hollow," the latter with its blast furnace and iron ore beds securing the prize. In its issue of April 26th, 1837, the Kingston paper says of the trade: "Up to April 17th fifty arks had ^i¥- WATER WAYS FOR THE COAL TRADE. 69 been dispatched from the Plymouth banks, averaging 60 tons each. This sold along the river at an average of $4 per ton. To this date but a trifle over 3,000 tons had been shipped from Mauch Chunk, and only about twice that amount from the whole Schuylkill region. With the canal from Columbia to tide completed, and the north branch by a proper route extended into the lake country, 'Old Shawnee' alone can send 150,000 tons to market per annum." The commonwealth of Pennsylvania as early as 1824 provided for the appointment of a board of canal com- missioners, with instructions to explore canal routes from Harrisburg to Pittsburg by the waters of the Juniata and Conemaugh rivers; and also a route by the west branch of the Susquehanna, the Sinnamahoning and Allegheny rivers; and the country between the Schu.ylkill and Sus- quehanna rivers through the great valley of Chester and Lancaster counties. The trade between Philadelphia and the great and growing west attracted attention and interest, but the wilds of the north branch, in which the noblest of refugees from the wilder fury of the French Revolution had sought shelter, and the'still unappreciated anthracite coal of Wyoming were little known and un- mentioned. As early as 1796 a small book was published in Phila- delphia which by way of preface opened with a short explanation of its object as follows: "The design of these pages is to show the importance of the great na- tional canal — the river Susquehanna; the eligible situa- tion for the purposes of trade and manufactures of some places on its banks and at its mouth; its great^ connection with other main waters of the United States, and the ex- tensive and fertile surface of country from which it must drain the rich productions of agriculture and manufac- tures." No mention of coal ! [n 1791 the Legislature appropriated several thousand pounds to improving the Susquehanna. In 1792 among the appropriations was one for a road " from Lehigh Gap in the Blue mountain across the Metchunk mountain to intersect the Nescopeck road made by Evan Owen, ;^2oo." Another "from Wilkes-Barre to Wyalusing, on the Meshoppen creek, and to the State line, ;^ioo.'' No word of coal ! Havre-de-Grace was to be a port for foreign and inland commerce. The author of the work referred to says: "The whole trade of this river must center at this spot as an entrepot, or place of exportation. Whatever may be the exertions of Pennsylvania, or the raonied capital of Philadelphia, the. trade of this river must ever pursue its natural channel." "Seldom ever" would seem the more appropriate expression suggested by experience. When that book was written the migratory shad had a natural channel and right of way up to its spawning grounds at the head waters; and, fat with abundance of food, furnished a luxury for the tables of people living along the river, for the loss of which even anthracite is hardly compensa- tion — at least in shad season. The writer of 1796 evi- dently had no premonition of coming anthracite, or of steam wagons annihilating time and space, on iron roads; not only along the streams, but carrying the united loads of five hundred wagons with easeover some of the highest hills which border them. The age had not yet fully developed the energies of a White, a Hazard, or of Wurts. Pardee, Packer, Scranton and Parrish were yet in the future. The great object of improving the navigation of the Susquehanna, and opening a way to market for the pro- duce of the settlers upon the upper waters, has been accomplished, however, and by the use of its currents. Liberal appropriations followed the appointment of a canal board, and the corner stone of the first lock was laid at Harrisburg in 1827, with great rejoicings. Toward the growing west, by the valleys of the Juniata and the west branch of the Susquehanna, the public funds and energies were first directed. The north branch must take care of its own interests. Luzerne was aroused and her strongest men were selected to represent her in the State Legislature at its next session, for the purpose of securing early appropriations. Garrick Mallery and George Denison were chosen. The canal commissioners began to place the North Branch division under contract, extending from North- umberland to the New York State line. Mr. Pearce, in his Annals of Luzerne, thus refers to it : " The 4th day of July, 1828, was fixed upon as the day to break ground at Berwick; and the writer, then a boy, numbered one among the great multitude assembled to witness the interesting scene. The military were there with their colors and drums and gay attire. Crowds came from Wilkes-Barre, Plymouth, Kingston, North- umberland, Danville, Bloomsburg, and from all the regions round about for thirty miles or more. Old men and women were there, and the boys and girls from town and country came. And there was good cider, and a vast supply of cakes, and beer that made the eyes of the drinker snap. " At the appointed hour the ceremonies began by plowing near the present lock at Berwick. The plow was held by Nathan Beach, Esq , and was drawn by a yoke of splendid red oxen, owned and driven by Alex- ander Jameson, Esq. The loose earth was removed in wheelbarrows, a rock was blasted, cannon were fired, and all returned to their homes happy and buoyant with the hope of a glorious future. "In 1830 the canal was completed to Nanticoke dam, and the first boat, named the 'Wyoming,' built by the Hon. John Koons at Shickshinny, was launched and towed to Nanticoke, where she was loaded with ten tons of anthracite coal, a quantity of flour and other articles. Her destination was Philadelphia. The North Branch Canal being new and filling slowly with water, the ' Wyo- ming ' passed through the Nanticoke shute and thence down the river to Northumberland, where she entered the Susquehanna division of the canal, and proceeded with considerable difficulty by way of the Union and Schuyl- kill canals to Philadelphia." The first venture by river and canal was frozen up on the return trip, and its cargo of fifteen tons of dry goods was carred to Wilkes-Barre on sleds. <¥ Hh 70 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. In 1831 the " Luzerne," built on the river bank oppo- site Wilkes-Barre by Captain Derrick Bird, took a cargo of coal to Philadelphia, floating down the river to the inlet lock at Nanticoke, and returned with merchandise to Nanticoke dam in July. In 1834, commanded by Captain Buskirk, the " Luzerne " made the first complete round trip by canal between Wilkes-Barre and Philadel- phia, the canal having been opened to Pittston. From Pittston to the State line, a distance of ninety- four miles, the progress of the North Branch was slow, and in 1836 work upon it was indefinitely suspended. The North Branch Canal Company was incorporated in 1842 to afford an opportunity for private capital in the coal regions to invest and carry forward the much needed and long desired improvement. " Show your faith by your works, gentlemen; you who knock so clamorously at the portals of the State treasury with the plea of public benefit and necessity — you are the ones to be directly benefited by this opening of the northern coal field to market. Dig your own ditch." But the capital was not here in proper shape for such investment. It was asking an impossibility. The farmer with his two or three hundred acres of rough land could not do more than support his family. The opening of a canal or a railroad was to him at best but creating a mar- ' ket for his homestead for thirty or forty dollars an acre — say eight thousand or ten thousand dollars — an event not desired; and the subscription of one third or even one tenth of that sum meant distress and ruin when pay day came. The other side of the picture — is it not seen in the bright hues reflected from a hundred thousand fires sparkling in hall and cottage over our broad common- wealth, at a cost so light as to be almost unfelt? Not a town or city but is benefited a thousand times more in proportion to population than were the scattered people of this then wild region. The fact was not so apparent at that day, although the trade had added one tenth to its first annual production of a million of tons. Now this district alone in 1879 claimed credit for two-thirds of the enormous out-put of twenty-six millions of tons sent to market. The north and west, for whose benefit the North Branch Canal was most needed, received one-third of the product of this coal field. It was with great apparent reluctance that appropria- tions were renewed and work resumed on the northern extension. The State had transferred all its rights in the unfinished work to the company, upon condition that the line from the Lackawanna river to the New York State boundary should be completed in three years. The fin- ished portion from the lock at Solomon's creek, on Nan- ticoke pool, to the Lackawanna river was afterwards added as a donus. The opinion freely expressed abroad that this was a useless ditch, only calculated, if not in- tended, to transfer public funds from the State treasury to the pockets of needy followers of designing politicians, was not encouraging to the capitalists of the vicinage, if such there were. But the people once more were aroused, and without regard to party united in urging its early completion, that our anthracite might have an outlet to the cold north country which was being rapidly denuded of its forests and would need the coal for fuel, while the southern and eastern markets were amply supplied by the Lackawanna and by the middle and southern coal fields. Preparations had been made in Pittston for trade by canal, although it will be noted that trade by the cheap transportation in arks continued long after the canal was finished. Judge Mallory, John L. Butler and Lord But- ler had opened a mine and made a railroad of a mile to the canal in Pittston, shipping coal as early as 1840. If any deserved success those gentlemen might claim it for liberal enteri)rise, energy and industry. They established agencies, produced excellent coal and bore all necessary expenses of tolls and transportation. The close competi- tion of the region nearer the eastern markets made returns uncertain, and unreliable agents caused pecuniary embar- rassments. In this way very noble men were worn out in waiting for the completion of the northern outlet. The absence of northern connections was for a long time an obstacle to the progress of work, and it was finally intimated that it would be resumed upon condi- tion that the Junction canal, a link required in the chain connecting the systems of Pennsylvania and New York by the Chemung canal and Seneca lake, should be pledged to completion at the same time. A meeting was called and books opened for subscriptions to the capital stock of the Junction canal. Mr. John Arnot, of Elmira, N. Y., and Mr. George M. Hollenback of Wilkes-Barre, Pa., were present, both deeply interested. There were few men along the line at that day who had ready money or securities to pledge for it, and subscriptions lagged. After some good natured badinage between the two old friends and capitalists, Colonel Hollenback said: "You subscribe first, Mr. Arnot, and I will put down as much as you do." Mr, Arnot immediately added to his signa- ture "$100,000." Colonel Hollenback, true to his word_ promptly pledged his own name for "|ioo,ooo" and in- sured the completion of both canals. Actions like these must not be estimated by results. The gentlemen had little- to'gain for themselves, but were actuated by a large- hearted public spirit. It was nobly done, but it was too late. The North Branch extension was placed under the su- pervision of Mr. William Ross Maffet, an able engineer and an honest, efficient officer, for completion. Trade was opened in the fall of 1856, when eleven hundred and fifty tons of coal passed through it to western New York. In 1859 the trade had only increased to fifty-two thousand tons. Long delays had been fatal. Railroad construction and operation had been so perfected during the suspension of work on the canal that the railroads were enabled to compete successfully with internal water communication, closed by northern frosts and useless for half the year. The North Branch Canal was abandoned. " Sic Tramit." The Pennsylvania and New York Canal and Railroad Company was incorporated in 1865, absorbing the charter of the North Branch Canal Company, and by various supplements secured the right to occupy the bed of the =-•#* FATE OF THE NORTH BRANCH CANAL— GINTER'S COAL DISCOVERY. 71 canal, which its railway now follows north from Pittston through the Narrows, where there had been scarce room for two farm wagons to pass on the way to and from market. The railway was opened to Waverly in 1869. For those who make the delightful excursion from New York and Philadelphia by the romantic Lehigh Valley route and the Susquehanna, through the Wyoming val- ley, to Niagara and the west, the change is a great im- provement in comfort and safety, however it may have shattered the idols of a generation reared in the faith of Joshua White — that canals were superior to any other mode of inland transportation, and that the oil which lu- bricated the wheels of a locomotive and its train would cost more than all the expense of carrying the same ton- nage on a canal. There was a great difference between the Lehigh and North Branch canals. Joshua White carried his heavy tonnage with the stream, the current aiding. The light freight and empty boats went up stream. On the Susquehanna the downward trade still continues; but the coal taken north had to encounter the resistance of the current, and it was a serious disadvantage. What might have been the results of an early comple- tion of our canal, and the establishment of large markets at various points throughout the north and west, it is bootless now to inquire. Probably a long rivalry, and time wasted. The State sold its interest in the canals in 1858 to the Sunbury and Erie Railroad Company, the North Branch Canal Company being party to the arrangement, taking the division from Northumberland north at $1,500,000. The canal from Northampton street in the city of Wilkes-Barre to Northumberland was sold to the Wyo- ming Canal Company, chartered in April, 1859. This company was merged in the Pennsylvania Canal Company in 1869, the name having in 1863 been changed by merger in the Wyoming Valley Canal Company. In 1878 the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, which controls this canal, reported the amount of freight in net tons in 1866 as 668,706, of which 438,821 tons was anthracite coal. The company has a fine bridge over the Nanticoke pool, connecting its mines on the east side with the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg railroad on the west side of the river, over which its trade is continued through the year; having collieries upon both sides openmg some of the largest and best veins of coal in this region, from lands formerly of Colonel Washington Lee, Jameson Harvey and others. TRADE BY THE LEHIGH. Citizens of Wyoming were early prospectors and oper- ators in the middle coal field, engaged in efforts to intro- duce anthracite coal to tide water markets while the war of 181 2 obstructed foreign trade and the price of coal was high. That the opening of those markets was of importance to Luzerne is attested now by the fact that nearly if not quite three million tons of coal was fur- nished to the trade of 1879 by this county from mines in the southern townships of Hazle, Foster, Butler and Black Creek, having outlet by the Lehigh route; besides a fair proportion of the eight and a quarter million tons credited to the trade of the Lehigh Valley and Lehigh and Susquehanna roads, which must have been Wyoming coal. The editors of "Coal, Iron and Oil," a work of value published in 1866, say of the early history and develop- ment of the anthracite regions: "The early history of coal in America is much less obscure and uncertain than its history in England, for obvious reasons. In fact the printers themselves were among the pioneers of our coal mines: first to advocate the value of coal, first to embark in its development and first to chronicle its success, though we cannot say they were first to profit. We may notice the examples of Cist, Miner and Eannan, whose names appear prominently in the early history of anthracite coal." In 1840 the board of managers of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company ordered tlie publication of its early history in a pamphlet of some seventy pages, of which free use will be made in this chapter. This will insure- both conciseness and accuracy. Mr. Daddow says in " Coal, Iron and Oil" that Nicho Allen, a noted 'hunter, is reported to have discovered coal on Broad mountain, in Schuylkill county, in 1790. There is no written account of it, and tradition may have blended two characters in one incident; as only a year after, in 1791, another hunter, the famous Philip Ginter, made a like discovery on the " Matchunk," or Bear mountain, about nine miles west of the site of Mauch Chunk. Philip Ginter's discovery developed into the mammoth mine of the Lehigh Com- pany at Summit Hill. Philip tells his own story as fol- lows: " When I first came to these mountains, some years ago, I built a cabin on the east side of the mountain, and managed by hunting and trapping to support my family in a rough way. Deer and bears were pretty thick, and during the hunting season meat was plentiful; but some- times we ran short of that, and frequently were hard up for such necessaries as could only be purchased with the produce of the hunter. " One day, after a poor season, when we were on short allowance, I had unusually bad luck, and was on my way home, empty handed and disheartened, tired and wet with the rain, which commenced falling, when I struck my foot against a stone and drove it on before me. It was nearly dusk, but light enough remained to show me that it was black and shiny, I had heard of ' stone coal ' over in Wyoming, and had frequently pried into rocks in hopes of finding it. When I saw the black rock I knew it must be stone coal, and on looking round I discovered black dirt and a great many pieces of stone coal under the roots of a tree that had been blown down. I took pieces of this coal home with me, and the next day carried them to Colonel Jacob Weiss, at Fort Allen. "A few weeks after this Colonel Weiss sent for me, and offered to pay me for my discovery if I would tell him where the coal was found. I accordingly offered to show him the place if he would get me a small tract of land and water power for a saw-mill I had in view. This he <¥ ■f 72 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. readily promised and afterward performed. Tlie place was found and a quarry opened in the coal mountain. In a few years the discovery made hundreds of fortunes, but I may say it ruined me, for my land was taken from me by a man who said he owned it before I did, and now I am still a poor man." The history authorized by the company opens with the formation of the "Lehigh Coal Mine Company ' : "In 1793 a company was formed under tlie title of the Lehigh Coal Mine Company, who purchased from Jacob Weiss the tract of land on which the large opening at Summit Hill is made, and afterwards 'took up,' under warrants from the commonwealth, about ten thousand acres of land, embracing about five-si-iths of the coal lands now owned by the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company. The Coal Mine Company proceed- ed to open the mines, and made an appropriation of ten pounds (S36.67) to construct a road from the mines to the landings (nine miles). After many fruitless attempts to get coal to market over this nominal road, and by the Lehigh river, which in seasons of low water in its unim- proved state defied the floating of a canoe over its rocky bed, and after calling for contributions from the stockholders until calling was useless, the Lehigh Mine Company became tired of the experiment and suffered their property, to lie idle for some years. " To encourage and bring into notice the u.se of their coal, the comp- any in December, 1807, gave a lease upon one of the coal veins to Row- land and Dntland for twenty-one years, with the privilege of digging iron ore and coal, gratis, for the manufacture of iron. This business was abandoned, together with the lease, as from some cause they did not succeed in their work. " In December, 1813, the company made a lease for ten j'ears of their lands to Messrs. Miner, Cist & Kobinson, with the right of cutting lumber on the lands for building boats; the whole consideration for this lease was to be the annual introduction into market of ten thousand bushels of coal, for the benefit of the /c.>isrc.s. " Five ark loads of coal were despatched by these gentlemen from the landing at Maucb Chunk, two of which reached Philadelphia, the others having been wrecked in their passage." When Colonel Weiss received the pieces of coal from the hunter he took them to Philadelphia and submitted them to the inspection of John Nicholson, Michael Hill- egas and Charles Cist, who authorized Colonel Weiss to satisfy Ginter upon his pointing out the precise location of the coal. These gentlemen united with others in forming the coal mine company, but without a charter. Mr. Maxwell includes the eminent financier of the Rev- olutionary war, Mr. Robert Morris, among the active pa- trons of the early improvement of the Lehigh, but men- tion of his name does not occur in the early histories within reach. Jacob Cist, a gentleman of unusually solid and brilliant scientific attainments, who had in early life removed to Wyoming, was a son of Charles Cist. In 18 13 he united with Charles .Miner, editor of the Gleaner, and John W. Robinson, all of Wilkes-Barre, in the lease on the Lehigh. Stephen Tuttle was a fourth. Isaac A. Chapman, after- ward editor of the Gleaner, and author of an early his- tory of Wyoming, was at one time associated in the en- terprise. He was an engineer with Milnor Roberts and Solomon W. Roberts on the upper division of the navi- gation under Canvass White, and died at Mauch Chunk while in the company's service. A curious old contract of January 27th, 1815, " between Chas. Miner of the one part and Benjamin Smith and James Miars of the other part, witnesseth that the said Smith and Miars have agreed to haul from the great coal bed near the Lehigh, commonly called the Weiss bed, to the landing near the Lints place sixty tons of stone coal by the first day of April, 1815, for which the said Miner is to pay them four dollars and fifty cents per ton." If the full amount was not hauled the price was to be only four dollars. There is also a memorandum, signed and sealed by Philip Heermans, agreeing to build arks in a workmanlike manner, ready to run by the first spring freshets in the Lehigh, ten arks for four hundred dollars. " Said Charles to find all the materials on the spot; to haul the timber, board the hands, and to furnish them a reasonable quan- tity of whiskey. Wilkes-Barre, November 23, 1814." A note added — "Mr. Heermans was a very clever fellow and had built the arks previously used. I wish he had lived to see the present development of the coal business on his native Lackawanna." The company's history says : "Only four dollars was paid for hauling the coal over the road before referred to, and the contractor lost money. The principal part of the coal which arrived at Philadelphia was purchased at twenty-one dollars per ton by White & Hazard, who were then manufacturing wire at the falls of the Schuylkill. But even this, price did not remunerate the owners for the losses and expenses of getting the coal to market, and they were consequently compelled to abandon the prose- cution of the business, and of course did not comply with the terms of the lease." The venerable James A. Gordon, still hale and active, in memory and body, wrote from his home in Plymouth to the Wilkes-Barre Record of the Times, February, 1874, his recollections of this early Luzerne enterprise on the Lehigh : " On the 17th July, 1814, with Abial Abbott, Sterne Palmer, Strange H. Palmer (another printer), Thomas P. Beach, Joseph Thomas, Chester Dana and Josiah Horton, shouldered knapsacks and tools for a march to the Lehigh to build arks for Messrs. Cist, Miner and Millhouse. (Hll- legas?) " Pour arks were ready for loading by the first freshet. The estimated cost of fifty tons, one ark load of coal, was: Mining, $50 ; hauling from summit, $4,50 per ton, $325 ; cost of ark, $125 ; loading ark, $15. Total, $415. " Lehigh pilots were on hand. The fleet moved off with the rapid cur- rent, and in fifteen minutes brought up on a reef called ' Red Rocks,' half a mile below. One ark got through. In the ensuing December peace was declared, and coal went down to six dollars. The enterprise was a financial failure." Mr. Gordon was one of the lads on board the stranded ark who stripped nearly naked to stop the rush of water through the hole stove in the bow, and got a good wetting, of which he seems none the worse. In 1879 Lehigh coal sold at Port Johnson for $2.50 per ton. Lackawanna coal sold as low as $2 per ton on the Hudson river. The vast expenditure of money re- quired to purchase lands, to develop mines, and to con- struct lines for transportation of coal to market, which makes possible this comparison of prices between coal delivered on the Lehigh in 1815 and at tidal points in 1879, constitutes a portion of the indebtedness of com- panies, the interest on which must be added to the cost of production in estimating the economic or the com- mercial value of anthracite as a fuel. Let those who complain of the grasping avarice of coal dealers, or of "soulless corporations," carefully compute the saving effected in cost by the sacrifices of time and money on the part of the pioneers, and rest satisfied with A¥ ^h ORIGIN OF THE LEHIGH COAL TRADE. 73 >et higher prices than were charged in 1879. For the increased comfort to the domestic circles in thousands of homes, and the prosperity so widely spread through the land by rendering cheap and abundant an article of such prime necessity, bless those whose labors and enterprise have produced the change, rather than revile them for imputed faults. The early efforts of the Lehigh Coal Mine Company were said to have resulted in the transportation of a small quantity of coal to Philadelphia, which the manager of the water works purchased for use under the boiler of a steam engine in Centre Square. Erskine Hazard, in a communication to the Historical Society, says the pur- chaser thought it ■' only served to put the fire out, and the remainder was broken up and spread on the walks, in- stead of gravel." Messrs. Daddow and Bannan, in their book on " Coal, Iron and Oil," say that a Mr. William Morris took a wagon load of coal from near Port Carbon, in Schuylkill, about the year 1800, without finding a market; and Mr. William Trumbull was unsuccessful with an ark load taken to Philadelphia in 1806 from Lehigh. A few paragraphs quoted from the book will interest the reader. All the history of the Lehigh Coal and Nav- igation Company belongs to the trade of the Wyoming coal field, and every effort to introduce anthracite to the Quaker City and other markets as an article of commerce was directly in our interest. " In 1813 Colonel Georg-e Shoemaker, of PottsviUe, loaded nine wagons with coal for Philadelphia. Two loads he disposed of at cost of trans- portation, one to Messrs. White i- Hazard, at their nail and wire works at the falls of the Schuylkill: and the other to Messrs. Mellon & Bishop, of the Delaware county rolling mill. The other seven loads he either gave away, or disposed of /or a trifle, to blacksmiths, or others who promised to try it. But the colonel was not to get off so easily. Though he lost time and money, and had the trouble of his attempts to introduce a fuel which has since made Philadelphia one of the most wealthy and prosperous cities in the world, the very men to whom he had given his coal obtained a writ from the authorities of that city for his arrest as an impostor and swindler. " In the meantime Mr. White, who was anxious to succeed in burning this coal, with some of his men spent a whole morning in trying to ignite it and raise a heat in one of their furnaces. They tried every possible expedient which skill and experience in other fuels could suggest. They rateri it, and i>o]Kd it, and stirred it up, and blew upon the surface through open furnace door.s with perseverance and persistent determination ; but all to no purpose. Colonel Shoemaker's rocks would not burn, and the attempt was abandoned. Dinner time arrived, and the men shut the furnace doors in disgust, heartily tired of the stones, or stone coal, if such it was. " Beturning from dinner at the usual time, all hands were astonished at the phenomena which they beheld. The furnace doors were red hot, and the whole furnace in danger of being melted down with a heat never before experienced. On opening the doors a glowing mass at white heat was discovered. So hot a fire had never before been seen in the fur- nace. From this time anthracite stone coal found friends and advo- cates in Philadelphia, and the motto ' let it alone ' became a recipe for its use." Mr. Hazard in a communication published in the proceedings of the Pennsylvania Historical Society says that Mr. Joshua Malin told them that he had s^ucceeded in using Lehigh coal in his rolling mill, and that White & Hazard procured a load of it which cost one dollar per bushel. It was entirely wasted without getting up heat. Another cart load was obtained and a whole night < spent in endeavoring to make a fire in the furnace, when the hands shut the furnace door and left the mill in despair. Fortunately, one of them left his jacket in the mill, and returning for it in about half an hour noticed that the furnace door was red hot, etc., etc. This makes the fact of the experiment and its success clear. The parties narrating were interested in different mines of the same long, narrow basin of coal now known as the southern anthracite, which extends from near the Lehigh almost to the Susquehanna. A very interesting " Memoir of Josiah White " by his son-in-law Richard Richardson, now living in Arch street, Philadelphia, published by J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1873, furnished many facts in connection with Mr. White's efforts to improve the navigation of the Lehigh river and introduce coal to market. It says that coal was known to exist in large quantities near the head waters of the Schuylkill river, and they procured some from there; but the price was enormously high, forty dollars a ton, brought to their works in wagons. They concluded to apply to the Legislature for the privilege of making the Schuylkill navigable and supply their own coal at a cheaper rate. It certainly would seem more reasonable than the Lehigh scheme, but the application in 1812-13 was met with ridicule of the idea of using coal as a fuel. The member from Schuylkill county affirmed to the Legislature that although they had a black stone in their county it would not burn. They were unsuccessful. Erskine Hazard in an article in Hazard's Register says that, their application as individuals having failed, they called a public meeting and made a more formal applica- tion for a charter, which was the commencement of the pre- sent Schuylkill Navigation Company, incorporated in 1815. Josiah White, George F. A. Hauto, and William Briggs, a stone mason, visited the Lehigh on horseback in 1817, reaching Bethlehem on Christmas eve. Mr. White says: " Upon returning home with favorable impressions of the practicability of the project [of improving the river and mining coal], it was concluded that Erskine Hazard, George F. A. Hauto and myself should join in the enter- prise. I was to mature the plan; Hauto was to procure the money from his rich friends; Hazard was to be the scribe, he also being a good machinist and an excellent counselor." The pamphlet history of the company says: " Upon their return and making a favorable report it was ascertained that the lease on the mining property (the lease to Miner, Cist & Rob- inson) was forfeited by mm t«cr, and that the law, the last of six which had been passed for the improvement of the navigation of the river, had .just expired by its own limitation. Under these circumstances the Lehigh Coal Mine Company became completely dispirited, and executed a lease to Messrs. White, Hauto and Hazard, for twenty years, of their whole property, on condition that, after a given time for preparation, they should deliver for their own benefit at least forty thousand bushels of coal annually in Philadelphia and the districts, and should pay, upon demand, one ear of corn as an annual rent upon the property." So Miner, Cist & Rabinson, like the poor hunter Gin- ter, gained but a loss by their enterprise and labors, their lease having been forfeited by non user ! It is the fate of nearly all who wander ahead of their kind in search of wealth or knowledge to lose or to be lost. Genera- tions which follow profit by such losses. In this con- nection pardon will be granted by the kind reader for the use of space in quoting from the interesting lectures referred to in earlier pages. Mr. Maxwell, after noticing the many abortive attempts to introduce coal into Phila- delphia, says : 10 H^- 74 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. " The fact wa?, the Philadelphians and the people of the Lehigh were behind the times ; they did not take the Wyoming newspaper, and suffered the natural conse- quences of such a blunder ! I have been greatly inter- ested in turning over their old files. Politics and the stirring events of the European and American wars fur- nished ample materials for their columns ; but home subjects were not forgotten. "In 1813 Mr.Miner was publishing r/ii^G^/raz/^r in Wilkes- Barre; and in a long editorial article from his pen, under date of November 19th and the head of ' State Policy,' he urged with great zeal the improvement of the descending navigation of the Susquehanna and Lehigh rivers. He then said: ' The coal of Wyoming has already become an article of considerable traffic with the lower counties of Pennsylvania. Numerous beds have been opened, and it is ascertained beyond all doubt that the valley of Wy- oming contains enough coal for ages to co...e.' He then goes on to speak highly of its quality, aud says further: 'Seven years ago our coal was thought of little value. It was then supposed that it could not.be burned in a com- mon grate. Our smiths used it, and for their use alone did we suppose it serviceable. About six years ago one of our most public spirited citizens made the experiment of using it in a grate, and succeeded to his most san- guine expectations.' '■ Again, in the same paper, issued on the 31st of De- cember, 1813, in an article headed 'The Prosperity of Philadelphia,' Mr. Miner wrote of the objects to be accom- plished for her advantage: I, The connection of the waters of the Chesapeake and the Delaware — since accomplished; 2, The connection of the Schuylkill with the Swatara — since much more than accomplished by the Union Canal; and 3, The opening of a communication from the Susque- hanna to Philadelphia by a road or railway from Wilkes- Barre to the Lehigh, and thence by that river to the Delaware, and thence to Philadelphia. ' I have visited,' he said, ' Lausanne and a number of other places on the Lehigh, having particularly in view to ascertain the real situation of its navigation.' Then, in the next issue of the same paper, there is another editorial by Mr. Miner, headed ' Navigation of the Lehigh,' and occupying two and a half colums of the paper. In it he wrote earnestly and at length as to the merits of our coal, as well as to the improvement of the Lehigh. Upon this point he printed in italics the following sentence: 'I say with great confi- dence, this is the course pointed out by Nature for the connection between the Susquehanna and the Delaware;' and experience has since verified its truth. He then urged upon the public the improvement in question, on the ground of the comparatively small expense it would re- quire. He was not too sanguine, as the event has proved. On the contrary, he then said: 'Our public im- provements must grow with our growth and strengthen with our strength. We cannot expect in this young country, having so many points to im- prove, to equal the old and more populous countries of Europe. I appeal to the judicious men who have wit- nessed the failure of our grandest plans, if they have not miscarried because they were disproportionate to the necessity and the ability of the country;' and he closed this part of the subject by saying. ' I hope our grand- children may live to see a complete railway from this place to the Lehigh, and a canal from thence to Philadelphia.' "This is-an interesting passage. It would be interest- ing to know just how many of Mr. Miner's readers under- stood at that day what a railway was. There was not then a railway in existence, — -save the ' tram roads ' in and about the mines of Newcastle, — and to those who understood this how much like the merest vagaries of the imagination must Mr. Miner's confident hope have seemed. And yet it has been more than realized. His grand-children have indeed not only lived to see that very railroad and canal completed, but he has lived to see it himself, finished and in use; and more than this, — he has lived to see rot only that particular railway and canal, but also five other railroads and two other canals diverging from this valley to the great coal marts of the country! [And since the above was written a railroad has bee.i made north by the side of the canal; two others south to the seaboard cities and beside the Lehigh canal; and the construction of two others has also been commenced, leading into the valley from different directions and by new routes.] "But the result of Mr. Miner's investigations, and of his explorations of the Lehigh at that early day, was the hope that even then coal could be got down the Lehigh river to Philadelphia in arks from Mauch Chunk; and in December of 1813 he, in company with Messrs. Cist and Robinson, of Wilkes-Barre, leased the mines at -■Vlauch Chunk and made arrangements to try the experi- ment. Mr. Robinson withdrew early from their company. "Of Mr. Miner I need hardly speak in this commu- nity. For a number of years he represented old Luzerne (then embracing all of northeastern Pennsylvania) in the Legislature of the State. Subsequently he represented Lancaster, Chester and Delaware counties in Congress; having for his colleague James Buchanan, now President of the United States. In 1S32 he returned to his early home, and is still with us, enjoying happily, at his Re- treat, the evening of a long and well spent life; the valued friend of all about him; and all are friends of his in return. "Jacob Cist, Esq., who was associated with him in their Mauch Chunk enterprise, was the son of Charles Cist, who with Robert Morris and others had formed the Lehigh Coal Mine Company. He came to this valley in his youth, and commenced the mer- cantile business in this town; but he was devoted to scientific studies and held a wide correspond- ence with scientific men. He understood better than any other gentleman of his day the geology of this region. Highly appreciating its coal, and clearly forseeing its im- portance, he was ever ready to promote its appreciation abroad; and great reason have his respected descendants in this valley to bless his honored memory, his sound judgment and far-seeing forecast, verified in his short life by his wise and ample provision for them in the pur- chase of coal land. -ftio f ill tUBOxU. JL Sens 13 Bai-day St. V. T- " We speak of these gentlemen thus particularly be- cause their undertaking was depreciated at the time, and the gentlemen themselves subject to ridicule by those whom their foresight, courage and enterprise greatly benefited." Mr. Miner lived to see, years after the lectures were read before the Historical and Geological Sociey, the whole of this splendid improvement upon the upper Lehigh swept away by a flood, with all his cherished the- ories of interior water transportation for articles of bulk and of small value; and railroads, cheapened by improved machinery, taking its place on both banks of the Lehigh, doing a business in amount far beyond the wildest of his early dreams. Mr. Charles Cist, the father of Jacob Cist, Mr. Richardson speaks of in his memoir of Joseph White as "an intelligent painter." It is not unlikely th. . he was both editor and painter, and from him his son inherited his genius and his taste for the fine arts. In early life Jacob Cist, while generously assisting a refugee from over the Atlantic, who was in ill health, came in possession of an old painting brought from abroad. After his decease his family discovered that it was of great \alue, probably the original of Rubens's "Susanna and the Elders." Exact copies of it are found among the engravings in foreign art galleries, but the original is nowhere else to be discovered. As an original Rubens it is almost priceless — the next in value to anthracite coal, to which we return. In 1818 an act was passed by the Legislature to improve the navigation of the river Lehigh, granting to White, Hauto & Hazard (some members said, the opportunity of ruining themselves) privileges " now considered of such immense magnitude that they ought never to have been granted, and which those gentlemen were, at that time, pointed at as extremely visionary, and even crazy, for accepting." The history says : "The stock of this company was subscribed for on condition that a committee should proceed to the Lehiprh and satisfy themselves that the actual state of affairs corresponded with the representation of them. The committee consisted of two of our most respectable citizens, both men of much mechanical skill and Ingenuity. They repaired to Maueh Chunk, visited the coal mines, and then built a batteau at Lausanne, in which they descended the Lehig-h and made their observations. They both came to the conclusion, and so reported, that the improvement of the navigation was perfectly practicable; and that it would not exceed thecostof $30,000, as estimated, but that the making of a good road to the mines was utterly impossible; for, added one of them, to give you an idea of the country over which the road is to pass, I need only tell you that I considered it quite an easement when the wheel of my car- riage struck a stump Instead of a stone." This report, of course, voided the subscription to the joint stock. The Lehigh Navigation Company was organized on the loth of August, 1818, with a capital of two hundred thousand dollars, in two hundred shares of stock. The Lehigh Coal Company was organized on the 21st of October following, for the purpose of mining coal, making a road to the river and taking the coal to market. This arose from a diversity of opinion as to the relative profits of the two interests. It was thought and suggested that the trade of the Susquehanna could be diverted by land carriage over the turnpike already made from Berwick, only thirty miles distant, and turned to Philadelphia. These far-seeing men already imagined the Danville, Hazleton and Wilkes- Barre Railroad, as well as the Lehigh and Susquehanna road. They said: "By the Susquehanna and Lehigh the western counties of New York will be nearer, in point of expense, to Philadelphia than to Albany, and consequently a large portion of the produce which now goes down the North river to New York may be calcu lated on for the supply of Philadelphia.'' Reaching the North river by the Danville, Hazleton & Wilkes-Barre Railroad, and the Eastern States by a bridge over that stream at Poughkeepsie, must certainly have been beyond their most acute mental visions. Yet the corner stone of that bridge was laid in 1873. In soliciting subscriptions to stock, Stephen Girard said "he formed no partnerships," and declined. Joseph Bonaparte respectfully declined, by letter through his secretary. One wrote "that his Wilkes-Barre friends be- lieved we could not be in earnest in our navigation." In the spring of 1820 the ice severely injured several of the dams and more money was needed. This resulted in the purchase of Hauto's interest by White & Hazard. In April the two companies amalgamated their interests and united under the title of The Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company; the navigation was repaired and three hundred and sixty-five tons of coal sent to Philadelphia, as the first fruits of the concern. This overstocked the market and was with difficulty disposed of. By a new arrangement made the first of May, 182 1, the title of the company was again changed, to the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company; the capital stock was in- creased and White & Hazard released to the company all their reserved rights in consideration of certain shares of stock given to them; the company assuming the set- tlement of Hauto's claim upon White & Hazard arising from the purchase of his interest the preceding year. George F. A. Hauto, whose wealthy friends had been relied on to furnish capital, may not have been a capital- ist, but he was evidently a very shrewd man. Mr. Rich- ardson, in a note to his memoirs of Josiah White, says that " Hauto was a German, and had insinuated himself into their confidence by his pretensions to wealth and in- fluence. He had to- be bought off at a considerable pecuniary sacrifice." The exact terms of his agreement at settling are not at hand. He was to receive a certain royalty per ton, or bushel. A letter from Mr. Richard- son conveys the following information upon this point: " I have ascertained from some of Josiah White's old documents that in the spring of 1880, to get out of the concern. White and Hazard agreed to give him a royalty of half a cent a bushel on all coal mined and sent to market, for his interest in their partnership. Hauto afterward at- tempted to form what was called 'The Half Cent Company,' and issued shares of stock, of which he sold in his lifetime 1,394 shares, which, as the par price of his stock was $50, would have amounted to $69,700. This stock was given, it was said, in payment of his debts, and at a heavy discount on the par value, probably at any rate the parties would take ■ them at, and it was thought be did not realize much on them. The com- pany afterward, in 1880, bought the royalty for a sum agreed upon be- tween them, but I do not know the figures. I think Hauto was then ■ dead." Assuming anthracite coal to average twenty-five bushels to the ton, the royalty would amount to one York shilling or 12^ cents, which would give Mr. Hauto, upon the tonnage of the company reported for 1879, an income of ^h -^^ =^^ 76 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. $87,250. If paid upon the total tonnage of the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad and Lehigh Canal in 1879, it would be $520,000, nearly. The rocky and stumpy road to the summit mines is now the bed of the Switchback railroad, growing so famous among tourists and excursionists to the " Switz- erland of America." In 1826 it was decided to make a railroad along the turnpike as a measure of economy. The only railroad in the United States was one of three miles to the Quincy granite quarries. This road from Mauch Chunk was nine miles in length, completed in May, 1826, with a descent all the way from beyond the summit mines to the river. The empty wagons were talcen back to the mines by mules, which rode down in special cars attached to the coal trains, running by gravity. He was a sturdy man who could prevent a mule from en- tering his pleasure car, which was also his dining car, when detached from the traces. This improvement, increasing the facilities for produc- tion of coal, rendered further improvement of the naviga- tion desirable, and, the Delaware division of the Pennsyl- vania Canal having been decided upon, it was determined to construct a canal and slack water navigation from ■ Mauch Chunk to Easton. Mr. Canvass White, whose reputation as an engineer stood high, recommended a canal of the ordinary size to accommodate boats of twenty- five tons. The acting managers wisely overruled this, arguing that the same number of hands could manage a boat carrying a hundred and fifty tons, .requiring but one additional horse to tow it; the whole cargo being coal, which could always be furnished, and the expense per ton be very much reduced. The Delaware division unfortun- ately was but half the size, and when both were com- pleted two boats of the Delaware could pass the Lehigh locks. The compa'.iy suffered by this short-sighted policy, which the managers, ascribing it to the "'experience of Europe," said, "had thwarted a noble work by which sloops and schooners would, at this day, have taken in their cargoes at White Haven, seventy-one miles up the Lehigh, and have delivered them, without transhipment, at any of our Atlantic ports. This "experience of Europe," acquired among the narrow and slow canals which had proved so profitable in England, operated against the early trade of the Dela- ware and Hudson Canal Company almost as disastrously, as will be seen in the history of pur eastern trade. En- gineers and capitalists are, perhaps, still too prone to look back, if not now upon the "experience of Europe" yet upon the disastrous past, and only perceive when elevated upon the advancing tide of commerce of the present how limited were their vision and knowledge during the past years. There are, however, brilliant exceptions to all rules. By act of the Legislature March 13, 1837. the com- pany was authorized to construct a railroad to connect their Lehigh navigation with the north branch of the Susquehanna at or near Wilkes- Barre, and the capital stock was increased to $1,600,000, at the same time re- pealing so much of the former act as required the com- pletion of a slack water navigation between White Haven and Stoddardsville, which had been placed under charge of Edwin A. Douglass, Esq., engineer, in 1835. Commissioners appointed by the governor in 1838 to inspect the work— Samuel Breck, Nathan Beach and Owen Rice — reported on the 12th day of June, after thorough examination, that " the company having now fully complied with the law, and in a manner honorable to themselves, and (as Pennsylvanians the undersigned say, with pride) most honorable to the State, we deem them entitled to a license for charging and collecting the legal toll." It may not be out of place in this history of the coal trade to give the dimensions of one of the locks — No. 27, called Pennsylvania lock— on this once magnificent im- provement, the pride of the- Lehigh, on which so many hopes of this Luzerne region had been based, as reported by the commissioners : " Twenty-seven feet thickness of solid wall at the bottom and ten feet on the top ; thirty feet lift, three feet working guard ; chamber twenty feet in width and one hundred feet in length, eighty-six feet clear of the swing of the gates, and containing nine thou- sand nine hundred and seventy-two cubic yards of ma- sonry, and two hundred and forty two thousand four hundred and nineteen feet, board measure, of timber work ; and the largest dams being of the height of fifty- eight feet and of the width of one hundred and ninety feet at the combing." This lock and dam sustained no serious injury by the great flood of June, 1862, which destroyed the navigation from White Haven to Mauch Chunk. The Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad was completed in time for shipment of five thousand eight hundred and eighty-six tons from Wyoming in 1846. How many active men of this region labored in early years for the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, earning bread and comfortable homes and money to pay taxes, and held its name and those of Josiah White and Erskine Hazard in pleasant remembrance as household words long after the tardy action of the commonwealth had given promise and hopes for the future progress of its improvements on the Susquehanna !. The Beaver Meadow railroad, chartered in 1830, was finished in 1836, extending from the Beaver Meadow coal basin which is partly in Luzerne county, to its shipping point on the canal six miles below Mauch Chunk, a distance of twenty-five miles to Parryville. The Hazleton railroad, commenced in 1836, connected with the Beaver Meadow road at Weatherly, half way to the Lehigh, and the Hazleton coal was shipped on the canal at Penn Haven. The old planes are seen as you pass the mouth of the Quakake creek at Penn Haven, de- caying relics of the past, in the midst of the progress, bustle and active business rivalry of competing railroads of the present. Instead of the lonely wilderness described by Josiah White in i8i8, when with Erskine Hazard they " leveled the river from Stoddardsville to Easton, the ice not having all disappeared, there being no house between the former place and Lausanne, obliging us to =6H= =^^ ^^v4/--t^ / JUy^n^n^l,^cA'tI7 E iq" i.q B I..thi'l 4'. J:„IK: Li fy>V--',rr; .U.Vf lie out in the woods all night," now the whistles of a hundred locomotives startle the echoes of the hills by day and by night. Mr. White says : " Above the gap in the Blue moun- tain, there were but thirteen houses, including the towns of Lausanne and Lehighton, within sight from the river, and for thirty-five miles above Lausanne there was no sign of a human habitation; everything was in a state of nature." The coal trade of Luzerne receives full benefit of the labors of the pioneers on the Lehigh, and its history would be but partially written and incomplete without this record of their enterprise. The various basins of anthracite coal found in the townships of Hazle, Foster, Butler, Black Creek, and possibly across the boundary lines of adjoining townships in the southern portion of the county, furnish annually between three and four mil- lions of tons to the trade, of which the Lehigh Valley Railroad, opened in 1855, perhaps carries two-thirds. A contract was entered into between the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company and the Central Railroad Com- pany of New Jersey on the 31st day of March, 1871, by which the latter company became lessee of the railroads of the former company, agreeing to pay one-third of the gross receipts as rental. The cost of transportation of coal, the chief item of tonnage, was to be regulated by the price at which it was sold. At the close of the year 1873 the coal lands of the company were leased to the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company, which was formed by the consolidation of the Honeybrook Coal Company and the Wilkes-Barre Coal and Iron Company, at a minimum rental of five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000), on a royalty of twenty-one per cent, of the price ruling at Mauch Chunk. This included lands in Luzerne as well as those upon the Lehigh. At the same time it was agreed that the Central Railroad of New Jersey should operate the canals of the Lehigh Company from Mauch Chunk to Easton and the Delaware division purchased at the sale of the State works, paying a fixed rental of $200,000 for their use. The stroke of apoplexy which prostrated the whole civilized business world, the first attack occurring in the failure of J. Cooke & Co., in 1873, drove the Central Railroad of New Jersey into the hands of a receiver. The leased canals were abandoned and with the Lehigh coal lands passed again into the hands of the original owners, who became once more a mining and transporting com- pany. The railroad now recognized as the Lehigh and Sus- quehanna division of the Central Railroad of New Jersey includes the Nanticoke Railroad and the Baltimore Coal and Iron Railroad, extending from Nanticoke, on the pool at the head of the Susquehanna Canal, by the foot of the planes and the light track, to its junction with the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's Railroad at Green Ridge in the City of Scranton, now the seat of jus- tice of the new county of Lackawanna. Passing through the townships of Newport, Hanover, Wilkes-Barre, Plains, Jenkins, Pittston and Lackawanna; connecting at Wilkes- Bdrre with the tracks of the Plymouth and Wilkes-Barre Railroad and Bridge Company, and opening as it does the heart of this northern coal field, the New Jersey road becomes an important factor in the problem of our future coal trade. Near White Haven the Nescopeck branch brings ton- nage to the Central from the Upper Lehigh mines in the Green Mountain basin, and from the Sandy Run mines in the Little Black Creek basin. A few miles below the Sandy Run branch affords outlet to other mines of the Little Black Creek at Eckley, Jeddo, Milnesville, Eber- vale, Cross Creek, Highland, etc., all producing largely. The Hazleton and Beaver Meadow road, merged in the Lehigh Valley Railroad, affords outlet from the Hazleton, a portion of the Beaver Meadow, and the Black Creek basins in southern Luzerne. Asa Packer, native of Connecticut, a carpenter by trade, acquired in Susquehanna county, whither he had traveled on foot from his eastern home, when a young man, found work upon the Lehigh, where his keen fore- sight had play and his great energy of character and in- domitable will material to work upon. He acquired coal property and projected a railroad to carry his coal to market from the Hazleton region. Following the river, his line absorbed the Beaver Meadow road, already in operation from Parryville to Penn Haven, where it re- ceived coal from the now abandoned planes. Crossing the Lehigh at that point, the towing path of the upper navigation occupying the west bank, his road followed on the east side to a point opposite White Haven, where by a substantial bridge it joined the Lehigh.and Susquehanna railroad at its southern terminus, and thus had uninter- rupted communication by rail with the great Wyoming coal field,, and transportation without transhipment to tide water. All this was not accomplished without opposition, and when, after the disastrous flood of 1862, which swept away the upper division of its navigation, the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company decided to abandon the water and extend its Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad from White Haven along its towing path to Mauch Chunk, the head of its canal, competition between the companies developed into keen rivalry for room and right of way along the narrow passes where there had been scant room for a towing path. The Lehigh Valley Company, crossing from the east to the west side above Mauch Chunk, occu- pied available spaceby numerous sidings to accommodate its growing trade from the Quakake branch at Penn Haven, and the Lehigh and Susquehanna road had to draw upon the east bank of the stream at low water for material to make room for its tracks in the channel, along side its rival. The Lehigh Valley Company met this new project by pushing the road northward from White Haven to Wilkes- Barre in 1866, competing with the Lehigh and Susque- hanna road for through freight. A little incident, excit- ing at the time and now amusing, will show to what heat the friction of jarring interests had carried the immedi- ate contestants. The Lehigh Valley road united with the H^ 4^ ^h <^ 4. So HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. five years; that work was commenceil on the Pennsylva- nia section of their canal in 1826 or 1827, and that the contractors were at work in its construction when he came as resident engineer in 1827. Boats passed from the Hudson to the Delaware river with light cargoes in the summer of 1827, and over the whole of the New York section in 1828, when boats with very small car- goes reached Honesdale, and with large cargoes in 1829. A small quantity of coal left Honesdale in 1828. The original locks on the Pennsylvania section, of which there were thirty-seven lift locks and one guard lock used, were nine feet four inches in width, seventy-six feet long, and from nine and a half to eleven feet lift. Boats originally crossed the Delaware river by a rope ferry through the pool of the dam. The aqueduct was first used in 1849. Mr. James Archbald testified that he had charge of the company's mines and railroad. He had been in employ- ment with the company since 1825, excepting one year. Boats on the canal originally carried from twenty-five to thirty tons. The company owned lands for reservoirs of water to supply railroads and canals in a dry season, in Luzerne and Wayne counties. There were four reservoirs at that time. They had nearly two thousand men em- ployed in the mines and on the railroad, at a cost of $1,800 to $2,000 per day. There were already over twenty-five miles of underground railroads at the mines. Mr. Tracy said there were eight reservoirs of water for the use of the canal, independent of thos-i named by Mr. Archbald, of from ten to three hundred acres. Mr. Lord, re-examined, stated the number of locks on the New York section of the canal as seventy-two lift and one guard lock, fifteen feet wide, one hundred feet long, and from seven to twelve feet lift. The maximum of tolls in New York was eight cents per ton per mile; on the Pennsylvania section, one cent and a half per ton per mile. The company charged one cent and a half per ton on the New York side, and only o/ie half cent per ton on the Pennsylvania section, making no allowance to the State for the company's own coal or other freight. The amount expended on the Pennsylvania section, including original construction, repairs and superintendence, im- provement and general enlargement of the canal from 1828 to July 17th, 1851, was $1,413,496.98. There was another aqueduct across the Lackawaxen above the Del- aware aqueduct, belonging to the Pennsylvania section. The reason given for the discrimination in tolls on the two sections was " to encourage transportation of coal by the New York and Erie railfod, which does not come so directly in competition with Hudson river markets." The Erie road passes along the Delaware, crossing the Lacka- waxen on the Pennsylvania side, and now has a branch to Honesdale, passing through Hawley, to accommodate the coal trade by the Delaware and Hudson and Penn- sylvania Coal Companies' roads. This investigation was undertaken ostensibly with the view of resumption by the State, which had passed sev- eral acts for the improvement of the Delaware river, and had completed the Delaware division of its canals from Bristol, in Bucks county, to Easton, in Northampton county, sixty miles in length, to accommodate the Lehigh coal trade; and apparently on its way, as surveyed, to Carpenter's Point, now Port Jervis, a few miles Ijelow the mouth of the Lackawaxen. The company was repre- sented by Hon. George W. Woodward and William H. Dimmick Esqs., as counsel. It is clear that whatever the object, the investigation did not lead to resumption, and the facts as elicited are given to show the progress and condition of the trade toward New York in its early stages. From the Carbondale mines the coal was carried over the mountain on a gravity road of a single track to the canal at Honesdale. It will be observed that "foreign experience" had operated injuriously in the_ east and at the south, and the canal was not complete at its twenty- five-ton boat capacity until the necessity of enlargement became evident. Unfortunately it is not in constructing canals alone that such experience operates disastrously in this country. But that is not a subject for comment in this portion of our coal trade history. The sites of both Honesdale and Carbondale were in the natural state of our northern wilderness when ground was broken for these improvements. Carbondale in 1828 contained one log cabin, built to shelter Mr. Wurts in his early explorations. It is now a flourishing town, having a city charter, and has been an excellent market for prod- ucts of agriculture from townships surrounding it for half a century. Honesdale has long been the county seat of Wayne county, a populous and flourishing borough. It was named from the first president of the company, Philip Hone, Esq. The appliances at this point are claimed to be " of a capacity to handle one thousand tons of coal an hour." The Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's trade at first was feeble, and anthracite as difficult to introduce in New York as it had been in Philadelphia. Mr. John Wurts, many years afterward president of the com- pany, wrote to Mr. Charles Miner, of Wilkes-Barre, a long and interesting account of his efforts to in- troduce coal upon boats on the Hudson to gen- erate steam as motive power where wood had been used as fuel. It seems strange at this time that a city having constant communication with Liverpool and Glas- gow should have had such strong predjudices against coal or so little knowledge of its use. True, improvements in making coke and the discovery of applying the hot blast to the hard coal of Wales were just beginning to revolu- tionize the iron trade in England. It was not till 1833 that the introduction of hot blast to the furnaces on the Clyde reduced the cost of pig iron more than one half. Then wood was still cheap in New York. Not a boat could be prevailed upon to give it a fair trial, or volun- tarily to lose a day for the purpose of testing this stone coal. The greatest concession gained was permission to work at night, while the boat was lying idle, in fitting the furnace at the company's risk and in furnishing coal for the experiment on one of the small day boats. This was at last accomplished, and the fact r- -^^ ^ COAL INTRODUCED ON STEAMBOATS— THE PENNSYLVANIA COMPANY. demonstrated that steam could be generated and the boat propelled by it. In the same way the owners of a larger boat, running between New York and Albany, were in- duced to try the coal, and not only the power to pro- duce sufficient steam shown, but the more important facts that the trip could be made with greater speed and at less cost for fuel than by the use of wood. This then was evidently the dawn of a prosperous trade. A large steamboat was then constructed under the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's directions, fitted with furnaces designed especially for the use of anthracite coal, with successful results. It is possible that this may have been a ferry boat, as an article in the New York Journal of Commerce in 1835 under the caption, "Steam by Anthracite Coal," stated: "The new steam ferry boat 'Essex,' to ply between New York and Jersey City, has been fitted up with Dr. Nott's patent tubular anthracite coal boiler. The 'Essex ' is one hun- dred and twenty-six feet long on deck, with twenty-four feet beam and nine feet hold, using Lackawanna coal." The Delaware and Hudson Canal Company contracted to deliver to Dr. Nott's boat five thousand tons of coal per annum, at %\ per ton, which was one dollar per ton below the market price, for six years, coal not to be paid for unless the receipts of the boat exceeded other expenses ; upon condition that the company should have the use of this patent anthracite boiler for six steam boats at a price not to exceed sixteen thousand dollars. It has been stated that coal was used on ferry boats in New York as early as 1S31. The exact date of Mr. Wurts's labors is not recorded, and his letter has been lost. Lackawanna coal acquired a high reputation as a fuel for generating steam, and the increasing demand for it compelled constant improvement in the capacity of the canal. Originally designed for boats of thirty tons, which it reached in 1843, it was in 1846 forty tons, in 1848 fifty tons, in 1853 one hundred tons, and now the average per boat is about one hundred and thirty tons, " with a ca- pacity adequate to the transportation of two millions of gross tons annually." The active competition between the Schuylkill Canal and the Reading Railroad, approaching completion in 1841, so reduced prices that permanent enlargement of the Delaware and Hudson Canal was hastened to lessen cost of transportation and meet this competition. But it was not enough Canals have had their day and are out of fashion, if not out of date — " vain transitory splendors." The long, cold winters of northern climes, where the bright fires of anthracite coal are most needed to cheer the lengthened nights, render canals useless more than half the year by their frosts, and the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, with an annual trade ex- ceeding three millions of tons, having reached the maxi- mum capacity of its canal more than ten years ago, has now control of the trade on lines of railway leading from the heart of the Wyoming coal field to Canada, opening directly the very best prospective markets in the world; with numerous connections east and west at all important points along its route, insuring an almost unlimited de- mand for the products of its mines. THE PENNSYl.VANI.i COAL COMPANY. Like an oasis in the- desert, the Pennsylvania Coal Company through all the misfortunes and depressions of the coal trade the past few years has maintained its po- sition as a dividend paying corporation, and held its stock above par amidst the fierce contests of the animals in Wall street. The reader will not confound this company with the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, which is now enrolled among the coal transporting companies in this region, operating under the charter of the Susquehanna Coal Company on both sides of the river at Nanticoke. and which owns that portion of the old North Branch Canal from Northampton street, Wilkes-Barre, south. The subject of this sketch was originally engrafted upon the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, the ambition of which was limited in extent of its landed possessions and powers of expansion by restrictive clauses in its charter. Two charters were procured from the Legislature of 1838, both approved April 16th. " The Washington Coal Company " was probably organized first, and on April ist, 1849, was authorized to sell and relinquish its property to the Pennsylvania Coal Com- pany, under which title the two were consolidated and afterwards absorbed the rights of the Wyoming Coal As- sociation, chartered February isth, 185 1. Large tracts of land were purchased in certified Pitts- ton township on the Susquehanna, and in Providence and Dunmore on the waters of the Lackawanna. A double track railroad was niade, the cars propelled by stationary power and gravity by a series of inclined planes. The distance is forty-seven miles; the tracks do not run side by side, but diverge at points to the distance of two or three miles from each other. Ground for this road was broken in 1847 and it was finished in 1850. The loaded track, as it is termed, or the track upon which the loaded cars are run, starts two miles below Pittston on the Susquehanna, with a plane upon which .the coal from the Port Griffith mine is hauled; and a train of cars made up at the summit runs by its own gravity, the speed regulated by one or two men at the brakes, accord- ing to the length of the train, to the town of Pittston, where it is taken in sections to the second plane, from which it takes its own way again to the foot of No. 3 at Pleasant Valley — and so on to Hawley on the Delaware & Hudson Canal, tapping in its course its- mines in Luzerne, and on the Lackawanna in the present county of that name. The return track carries the empty cars back to Port Griffith, dropping the proper proportion at the different mines in its westward course. Many gentlemen held stock in both companies and were often at the same time directors in both. At a very early day this company secured most favorable terms for rates of tolls both upon the Delaware & Hudson Canal and upon the Erie railroad. Upon the New York division of the canal a liberal rate was fixed, it was said, to induce «^h^ =^^ 82 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. persons or companies to provide coal to be transported on the canal. Upon the Pennsylvania section the reason given for charging one-half cent a ton per mile toll, while a cent and a half per ton was charged on the New York section, was to encourage the transportation of coal over the Erie railroad to markets which did not come in com- petition with their markets on the Hudson— both logi- cal, good and sufficient, although seeming to clash. As a transporting company, through trade was to be en- couraged on the canal, as experience has proven it to be cheapest on all lines of transportation. As a coal com- pany, looking to large markets and to profits on coal far beyond the capacity of its canal, it was wise to be seek- ing new markets and encouraging the trade by every op- portunity which presented. This foresight has been of great service to the Pennsylvania Coal Company. When coal sold at $2,50 at Rondout this company paid no tolls, but when the price was above that sura one-half the increase was charged as tolls on the Delaware and Hudson Canal. This arrangement, with the favorable terms for transportation on the Erie road, has given the company important advantages over rival companies. Without the heavy cost of locomotive railroads, owned or leased, or large indebtedness to draw interest from its treasury, it has been able to make dividends which sent its stock up to 280 per cent, while other stocks were below par in the markets. In 1850, the year the gravity railroad was opened, it was credited with one hundred and eleven thousand, one hundred and ninety-four tons upon the Delaware and Hudson Canal, according to the testimony of Mr. Musgrave before the investigating committee of the Pennsylvania Legislature in 1857. In 1879 it sent to market one million three hundred seventy- two thousand, seven hundred and thirty-nine tons. Divi- dends have been as high as thirty per cent., and for seve- ral years twenty per cent., in quarterly payments. Dur- ing the panic of the past few years profits have of course been much reduced, but its excellent coal, with skill and economy in mining added to the foresight of its officials, have kept its record good. Mr. William R. Griffith, a gentleman of wealth visiting Wyoming valley, became interested in its coal deposits, and was chiefly instrumental in promoting the organization of the Pennsylvania Coal Company, and in selecting its coal lands. A pleasant little episode in this narrative may be pardoned. Mr. Griffith in early life had among his favorite companions a little lady, daughter of a gentleman who had since become resident in Luzerne county and a mine engineer. For some years Mr. Griffith resided abroad, a childless aunt, whose heir he was, desiring to finish his education in France, where she resided. On his return his first thoughts turned toward the playmate of his youth, who he discovered had become the wife of a prominent merchant of Carbondale, a mother and a widow. True to his early attachment, although apparently forgotten, after waiting a decorous time he sought the valley and made her the offer of his heart, his hand and his elegant equipage. They were married and lived most happily, with the respect and esteem of all who knew them. They have passed away. Few remember their story. A brother of the lady still lives, an honored citizen of Carbondale, and a sister resides near Trenton, N. J. Her only son became a prosperous and re- spected physician in the city of New York. The Penn- sylvania Coal Company owes its existence in a measure to this little romance, THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAIL- ROAD. The above named company is one of the grandest results of the many great conceptions of genius and en- terprise exhibited in the course of development of this northern field. By legislative enactment " the corporate rights, powers and privileges of the Delaware and the Cobb's Gap Railway Company" were merged in the Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, and the corporate name changed to the "name, style and title of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Com- pany." The Liggett's Gap Railroad Company, chartered in 1832, was merged in the Lackawanna and Western in 1851, and with other small charters and connections, uniting like mountain rills with larger streams, this great work was enlarged until it has become a thoroughfare for coal tonnage and for general transportation of freight and passengers from New York city to the far west and northwest. It is not many years since the valley of Wyoming was likened to that happy vale in the kingdom of Amhara, surrounded on every side by mountains, in which " Ras- selas. Prince of Abyssinia, was confined in a private pal- ace, with the other sons and daughters of Abyssinian royalty, till the order of succession should call him to the throne." Colonel William L. Stone, in the preface to his pleasant book " The Poetry and History of Wyoming," published in 1841, says: "The happy valley to which the illustrious author of Rasselas introduced his reader in the opening of that charming fiction, was not much more secluded from the world than is the valley of Wyoming. Situated in the interior of the country, remote from the great thoroughfares of travel, either for business or in the idle chase of pleasure, and walled on every hand by mountains lofty and wild, and over which long and rug- ged roads must be traveled to reach it, Wyoming is rarely visited, except from stern necessity. And yet the imagination of Johnson has not pictured so lovely a spot in the vale of Amhara as Wyoming." Colonel Stone had a rough journey over the mountains in the stage-coaches, comfortable as they were to the mountaineers, as those who read the notes of his visit in 1839 will remember. But he had the full benefit of the glorious vision which bursts upon the traveler who, after a tedious day's ride from the Delaware, over Pocono and through the " Shades of Death," reaches the summit of the mountains border- ing the valley on the east, Sweet vale of Wyoming ! whose Gertrude was once embalmed in every heart of cultivated Europe by the pen of Campbell, now deemed worthy of mention in modern guide books. Has the romance departed from •f ^h PIONEERS IN THE COAL TRADE. 83 it with the retiring red man? and even the Gertrude of Halleck, seen on the next field, with " Love darting eyes and tresses like the morn , Without a shoe or stocking, hoeing corn," been driven out by flying trains of cars crossing its center on tracks leading north and south, east and west, from Baltimore to Boston, from New York to Niagara, and from Philadelphia to Saratoga and to Portland ? A mile east from the main road leading from Wilkes- Barre to Carbondale— not far from Providence Corners, then often called Razorville from the sharpness of its tavern keeper or of the winds which, sweeping the mountain gorges, occasionally blew his house and his sign post over — in a quiet nook on Roaring brook lay "Slocum Hollow,'' named from its proprietor, one of a large, respectable and influential family of the valley, who had there his farm and mill, and it may be a small furnace. Mr. William Henry, a gentleman of experience in ores and metals, came through Cobb's Gap from the iron lands of New Jersey on a prospecting tour, and finding iron ores and coal convenient began the manu- facture of pig iron, the power of the stream furnishing blast for his furnace. George W. Scranton with his Yankee brothers had migrated from Connecticut and settled at Oxford^ New Jersey, when young, and there engaged in the iron business. He visited Slocum Hol- low and, like Mr. Henry, whose daughter he had married, also became interested in these ore and coal beds; and soon perceived with prophetic eye what capital, energy and enterprise combined might produce from this wilder- ness. Of commanding presence, strong will and per- suasive manner, with but a common school education, his perceptions of business and of character were quick and clear. He went to New York and laid his plans before the money kings, and soon had capital at his loco- motive wheels captive in the beech woods. The dam on Roaring brook was first too small and then too large. Then the furnace became too large, and the steam engine had power enough to provide blast for several furnaces; but as it is the coal trade and not iron that is the subject of this sketch, each reader will visit Scranton and note the result for his own satisfaction. At the Delaware Water Gap the railroad from Scran- ton united with the Warren railroad, by which it reached the Central Railroad of New Jersey at Junction, in 1856, together forming the highway for Scranton coal to tide at New York. The Central railroad, feeling too independ- ent with its immense tonnage, by insisting on terms of renewal of contract drove both the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western and the Lehigh Valley railroads from it; the one to the Morris and Essex road, which was continued to Easton, crossing it at Washington, New Jersey, and the Lehigh Valley constructing a new line from Phillipsburg to Elizabeth along side of and in direct competition with the Central, which was compelled to join fortunes with the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company and the Lehigh and Susquehanna road of the Navigation Company to gain its coal tonnage. It was short-sighted policy all round and led to disaster, but served ultimately to greatly increase the coal trade. In early days Cobb's Gap on the east and Liggett's Gap on the west smiled at each other over Providence and the Capoose meadows, a little north and east of Hyde Park and Slocum Hollow, both the prospective courses of possible grade for such small locomotives as were then constructed. Colonel Scranton loved to tell of the look of incredulity which met his assertion that the time would come when the coal trade by these routes would reach hundreds of thousands of tons, and require so many locomotives — not one-third the number employed when he told it. Upon the completion of his line to New York Col. Scranton attended a meeting in Philadel- phia, for the first time to consult upon the prospects of the trade for the coming season. The estimated increase was about four hundred thousand tons. Mr. Scranton suggested in behalf of his company, just entering business, that a fair share of the prospective increase, at least at eastern points, should be conceded to it. Without vanity, he was a proud man, and met the uncalled-for assump- tion that with the heavy grades of his road through Cobb's Gap he would not be likely to unsettle the trade with surplus of coal with a quiet determination to let them see what could be done; and their estimated in- crease was far exceeded, with a decided reduction in prices. The northern division of the road, through Liggett's Gap, joined (he Erie railroad at Great Bend in 1851, and its tonnage north, west and northwest in 1878 was 676,- 207 tons; in 1879 1,506,110 tons. Total coal forwarded north and south in 1878, 2,147,353 tons ; in 1879, 3,792,368 tons. Colonel Scranton represented this district in the thirty- sixth Congress. Re-elected to the thirty-seventh Con- gress, he died in Scranton, March 24th, 1861, aged fifty years, mourned by hosts of friends who honored and loved him. Slocum Hollow became Scrantonia, then Scranton, 3 city now of 40,000 inhabitants, active and enterprising, the light of its forges and furnaces illuminating the night, and the sounds of its hammers and rolling mills making vocal the air with their music. Now the seat of justice of the new county of Lackawanna, it remains a fitting monument to the memory of its founder. NAMES LONG FAMOUS IN THE TRADE. Among the oldest of the operators is Mr. Ario Pardee, of Hazleton, who has been in the business more than forty, perhaps fifty, years in that district; successful and generous, as was shown by his magnificent contributions to Lafayette College, at Easton. In the list of operators will be found A. Pardee & Co., Pardee Sons & Co., C. Pardee & Co., Pardee Brothers & Co., running the heaviest colleries in that part of the county. G. B. Markle & Co., Coxe Brothers & Co., J. Leisenring & Co., Linderman, Skeer & Co., are growing old in the district. On the Susquehanna Mr. Jameson Harvey and Mr. Hd= =^^ -^H 84 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. H. B. Hill now survive to see the wonderful growth of the trade in which they were once active. Mr. Charles Parrish, one of the most successful pro- moters and organizers of the coal companies, is at the head of the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company, which mines on the Lehigh as well as on the Susquehanna. Some of the finest colleries in the valley were erected by Mr. Parrish and Mr. Samuel Bonnell, jr., who has changed his venue to the silver lodes of the west. DEMAND AND SUPPLY. It will be noted by the intelligent observer of the coal trade as it has passed into history that with the opening of every new line for coal transportation to competitive markets they have been overstocked, and prices reduced below the point of fair profit, until the demand grew to meet the supply. Increaping consumption secured better prices, with failure of adequate supply and larger profits, until new mines were opened and increased transporta- tion, furnished by the completion of new lines of roads or canals, repeated the experience. The political economist of the coal regions must be convinced by the experience of the past, as reflected by the seesawing process, that " supply is a determinable quantity," and thnt a quantity of coal supplied without adequate demand leads to ruinous prices and loss to the trade; notwithstanding the declared opinion of eminent professors of the science that " demand and supply are perfectly analogous facts." In this age and country it seems like supreme nonsense to say that " demand can- not exist without supply, and cannot increase except in proportion as supply increases." If so, how is it that prices vary so disastrously? Through all the depression the consumption of anthra- cite coal fell little, if any, below twenty millions of tons per annum. As the demand for manufacturing purposes failed new markets were found, and notwithstanding hard times and many reverses the termination of each decade has registered a substantial increase. In 1830 the total amount of anthracite sold was 174,734 tons; in 1840, 364,384; in 1850, 3,358,890; in j86o, 8,513,123; in 1870, 15,848,899; in 1879, 26,142,089. Mr. Franklin B. Gowen, of the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad Company, in a position which entitles his esti- mate to credit, places the total possible production of anthracite for 1880 at not to exceed 28,500,000 tons, of which the increasing demand for the manufacture of iron and kindred industries will absorb from one-half to three-quarters of any possible increase. But who in January, 1879, could have anticipated or predicted an increased production or consumption of nine millions of tons, a bound in one short season from seventeen millions to twenty-six millions ? The influence of the iron trade was not felt or acknowledged in the early months of that year, and it is not impossible that its revival may affect the trade of 1S80 to a greater extent, as the proportion of time in which it was operative in 1879, say six months, is to the whole year. There were many collieries in the Wyoming coal region idle much of the time in 1879. Few of fhertl were oper- ared on full time in the early months of the year. Unless the pressure upon their resources during the reckless hurry of the later months has fearfully demoralized them, there should be a large increase in 1880. Already an arrangement has been found necessary to limit the pro- duction by working only three days in each week, from the i6th of February at least through July. But this necessity is ascribed to the accumulation of domestic sizes. The effect upon prices was magical, and the Coal Trade Journal of February i8th, said : " The man who wagered that prices would touch $6 per ton at wholesale some time this year is not regarded as so great a maniac as he was a month ago." The increased trade of 1879 was not wholly occasioned by the revival of manufacturing industries. The demand for domestic sizes of anthracite throughout the Western States has been rapidly increasing, chiefly supplied from this region. The sales of the Delaware and Hudson Ca- nal Company in the west reached nearly half a million of tons (484,607), doubling the tonnage of 1878. The Le- high Valley Railroad and the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company with more direct communi- cation over their main lines, must have equaled if not largely exceeded it. A revolution in this western trade is in progress in the use of box cars of through freight lines for transportation of anthracite, the cars upon reaching their destination being swept out and loaded with grain in bulk for eastern markets or for exporta- tion. With full loads each way transportation is so cheapened that anthracite is being used all through the west in competition with the bituminous coals which un- derlie many of the farms of those who use it. Its cheap- ness has already induced the change to stoves made expressly for anthracite, in houses which will continue its use, even at advanced prices. Not only in the west is this improvement noted. A single train from this valley will be made up of these box cars, each containing eleven or more tons, and represent- ing seven or eight railroad companies, from Boston to the Mississippi river and from Canada to the far south; and it is not unlikely that such cars coming north and eas-t will regularly carry as return freight this growing luxury in fuel to every city and State in the Union. An imijortant question presents itself: Are the anthra- cite coal fields approaching the maximum of production? More than twenty years ago gentlemen conversant with the subject estimated the limit of anthracite pro- duction at from twenty-five millions to thirty millions of tons per annum. The trade has already, by a sudden bound, exceeded the first without undue pressure upon the mining capacity during the early months of the year. But a very important change in the trade must be taken into the account since those estimates were made. Twenty years ago the size known as chestnut coal was not marketable. At auction sales in New York during the past few years that size commanded the higest price in the market. Then pea coal and other sizes smaller than chestnut could not be sold at cost of mining; now K^ M}* 4* STATISTICS OF THE COAL TRADE AND KINDRED INDUSTRIES. I 00 ^^^<^,h^t:yy^--^^, ^^.^^^^^^^^-i^ JOHN SEA RLE. Plains, Luzerne Co., Pa. MARY SEA RLE. Plains, Luzerne Co., Pa. LOT SEARCJL Shicks/iiiiiiY, Liizciiii Co., Pa. GEORGE II : SEARCH. Shi(ksliinny, Luzerne Co., Pa. JOHN ABBOTT. Plains, Luzerne Co., Pa. BENJAMIN COUR T RIGHT. Plains, Luzerne Co., Pa. ir. A. CAA/PPELL. Shiikshinny, Luzerne Co., Pel. Dr. J. E. BRIGGS. S/iieksliinny, Luzerne Co., Pa. *:>-*. >tri-;'*;H^^^ V^^'W.Oy, ^^ V> WWW'S Y.KV\-. 'r-^ i||L|?^^y'i-».^-^,-^' --- , ., . . ^^^ ^%^^^^WSi MK^IWffe'W'^it *«aE.r-r«ts?^x^^'HH(5r^~^-v i'-«r -'■■\J! i »*-l ^ • I til 6*4 If'"*: -^ H^ k* jVAKNH ^H.TW.K>»C^ >3& LOT SEARCH. Shickshinny, Luzerne Co., Pa. GEORGE W. SEARCH. Shickshinny , iMzerne Co., Pa. W. A. CAMPBELL. Shickshinny, Luzerne Co., Pa. Dr. J. F. BRIGGS. Shickshinny, Luzerne Co., Pa. =^ GROWTH AND LIMITS OF THE COAL TRADE. 85 they are quoted at $1.50 per ton at Mauch Chunk, and from $2.50 to $2.80 per ton at Port Johnson and at Hud- son river markets for pea coal, and Mr. Saward, in his journal of January 28th, 1880, page 39, says: "The de- mand for chestnut, pea and buckwheat sjzes, now ex- tensively used for steam purposes, is good." Even culm finds market now at cost of transportation. A committee of stockholders of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, appointed in May, 1877, to visit and inspect the property of the company, reported on this subject: " Besides this ute of culm (made into bricks), repeated and long con- tinued experiments have developed methods by which it is suocossfuUy used at the mines under the boilers of stationary engines. Only the best and most saleable sizes of coal were formerly used for steam pur- poses. The great consumption of these coals induced the effort to sub- stitute for these the nearly valueless pea coal. This, after much diffi- culty, was successful. But success led to an increased demand for pea coal, and the next attempt was to substitute culm for pea coal at the mines. This also was finally successful, and the company now uses at the mines annually sixty thousand tons of culm, which was formerly worse than valueless. If the company were doing full work it would consume for the production of steam about two hundred thousand tons of culm annually. Thus the production of marketable coal is increased, and culm, which was formerly wasted at large cost, now possesses great value." Although the report gives the experience of one com- pany, these facts apply equally to the business of all; and from them, by the rule of proportion, the gain in capacity for marketable production of all the anthracite regions from this saving may easily be computed. Much greater economy in mining coal has been introduced, and with the not improbable introduction of stone or iron columns to support the roof in place of the masses of coal now left for that purpose, rendered possible by the increased price of the coal, the percentage of waste in the mines may be reduced one-half and trade increased in propor- tion. The terminal stake may be advanced to forty mil- lions and still not exhaust the anthracite deposits more rapidly than with twenty millions of tons under the waste- ful method of mining and preparation for the past. The Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Companv has been constructing coal docks on Lake Erie at Buffalo, to make that a distributing point for the west- ern trade, which must materially increase the sales in that direction. The Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company is said to be negotiating for a connection with the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad at or near Williamsport, which will greatly facilitate and increase the western trade from the Schuylkill region by the Catawissa road, already under its control. .The Pennsylvania Railroad, from the fine deposits of coal on both sides of the Susquehanna at Nanticoke, in this region, has communication with western markets both by its canals and by the Lackawanna and Blooms- burg road, its Northern Central and Philadelphia and Erie up the west branch, and its main line on the Juniata river. All are reaching for the limitless west, to which the small sizes, always of the purest coal, can now be safely carried to a growing market. The Delaware and Hudson Canal Company report that in 1869 eighty-one and a half per cent, of their coal was delivered at tide, and only eighteen and a half per cent, at inland markets. By gradual annual increase this inland trade in 1876 was forty-two per cent, of their production. Mr. John J. Albright, general sales agent of the company for nearly twenty years, reported the sales in the west by the " Western Coal Association " at " one million two hundred thousand tons in 1875, and nearly as much more probably went to western markets through other shippers. The figures representing this growth are remarkable: In 1851, 6,000 tons ; in 1875, more than 2,200,000 tons. Toronto, Canada, in 1874 took 58,390 tons ; in 1876 increased to 97,694 tons. Cleveland, Ohio, in 1852 took 8,000 tons. In 1876 it increased to 100,000 tons. Buffalo in 1852 required only 25,000 tons ; in 1875 increased to 750,206 tons, and in 1879 received 1,092,184 tons, of which 550,606 tons were distributed in other markets- Chicago consumed about 500,000 tons annually, but the exact figures were not then attainable." In 1879 the Chicago Tribune said : " Coal sold at the lowest prices ever known, anthracite selling $1 per ton below the cheapest rate for 1878. From the beginning of the year down to May prices were steady at $8 and $6.50 for anthracite, and at $5.50 for Brie. Then there was a drop to $4.50 in the former, and to $4.76 in the latter. Those were the market quotations until August, when there was an advance of $1 per ton. Later there were further ad- vances, and the year closed with anthracite selling at $6.50 and $7, Erie at $7 and Wilmington at $4. For the first time In the history of the trade all sizes of hard coal have sold at a uniform price. Nut, which was formerly quoted from 35 to 75 cents per ton cheaper than the larger sizes, is now in so active demand— owing to the very general use of self- feeding stoves— that our dealers are barely able to get adequate sup- plies, and that particular size is now quoted at 50 cents per ton above other sizes." The coal exchange in that city reported about three hundred thousand tons of anthracite up to November 3d. The trade probably reached a million of tons for the year. The increase in western trade was no doubt in fair proportion to the total tonnage, perhaps greater, through the increased facilities for transportation in the box freight cars, returning for the magnificent grain crops of the year, and five millions of tons may have been distributed there. 'whatever may be the limit of demand or production, the larger portion of increase must be supplied from the Wyoming coal field. Up to 1850 this region had not reached an annual production of a million of tons, including the Luzerne basins on the Lehign, in a total ■ of three million, three hundred and fifty-eight thousand, eight hundred and ninety-nine tons. In 1879 it had increased to not less than fifteen millions in a total of twenty-six million tons. That anthracite will be largely exported cannot be ■ doubted. In 1874 the exports were four hundred and one thousand, nine hundred and twelve tons. Since the international expositions in Philadelphia and in Paris, American anthracite and stoves designed especially for burning it have been introduced into France, Italy and Switzerland ; and as the Reading Company is about sending an agent abroad to extend the trade, it may yet be established as a luxury in London,. Vienna, St. Peters- burg and in every city of refinement in Europe. With an annual production of one hundred and thirty 86 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. millions of tons, the exports from the mines of Great Britain have reached eighteen millions of tons in a year. There can be no reason why Pennsylvania anthracite should not soon reach the same proportion and afford at least four millions of tons for export, instead of the mea- gre amount reported for 1879 of 421,594 tons. Of this the British possessions took 367,544 tons ; Mexico, South America and West Indies 38,885 tons ; Cl-.ina nearly 2,000 tons ; while France had 940, Austria 391, Germany and England each one ton ; the remainder scattering. The figures will change slowly perhaps towards European markets, as the home consumption will command high prices and freights will be costly on eastward bound ves- sels ; unless the current of trade shall be reversed through false economy and England again supply us with manu- factured goods to an extent which would send her ships home in ballast. The four hundred and seventy square miles of Pennsylvania anthracite, with its certainly limit- ed capacity for production already approximated, must supply a territory many times greater than that of Great Britain, and a population already nearly equal in num- bers and greater in its purchasing power and ability to enjoy. Whatever the limit of production, the demand must soon be limited by the price it will bear as one of the future luxuries of life. VALUE OF ANTHRACITE. The value of rich deposits of anthracite coal is not to be calculated alone by cash estimates in dollars and cents; but the comfort and cleanliness increased a hun- dred fold in the home circle, the absence of smoke, the cheering and enduring warmth of its fires through long winter nights, and the indirect influence of this increased comfort through all classes of modern society, must be added to the sum total of gain. At an early day, while the Baltimore mine was still rudely worked at its outcroppings in the bluff on Coal brook, near Wilkes-Barre, and the full size of the vein, of nearly thirty feet, was exposed to the light, a party of ladies of the Society of Friends visited the place accom- panied by others of the neighborhood. The vast cavern even at that day excavated, with its smooth floor of coal and slate, inclining downward the north ; with immense pillars of coal, sixteen or eighteen feet in height, supporting the roof ; the light from without, through various apertures, penetrating a distance along the gentle dip of the vein reflecting many hues from the bright faces of sparkling anthracite, .furnished ia scene well calculated to impress an intelligent mind with feelings of mingled awe and admiration. After a careful examination of the locality, with many inquiries and suggestions concerning the probable origin and dis- covery of the wonderful deposit, a profound silence set- tled upon them, inspired by the grandeur of the scene; when a clear, sweet voice floated upon the air in utter- ances of gratitude and of adoration of the Great Supreme Power which had placed such storehouses of fuel amidst the wildnerness of this cold northern clime, to be pre- served for the benefit of His people when the forests should be swept away and their need would be sorest. The voice of Rachel Price has long been silent, as she sleeps among her kindred and friends near the shadow of some modest meeting-house in Chester county, where the precepts of peace, wisdom, and love inculcated in her sermons still retain their influence with the descendants of those who sat under her teachings. What a blessing would be conferred if her short address at the Baltimore mine could yet be heard and heeded by those who, in pursuit of wealth, recklessly squander the precious legacy. " Precept has been lost in the example of a fierce struggle for power and position until all interests have been prostrated; and now perhaps only when selfishness, from sheer necessity, is likely to be merged in justice may prudent management be hoped for. But there is a commercial and marketable value at- tached to coal and to coal lands worthy to be viewed in a business light by the few still in possession of original titles. There are eight large transporting companies now in Pennsylvania, pretty fairly dividing among them the Anthracite coal lands, either by purchase or by leasing them of the owners. They are the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company, the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, the Central Railroad Company of New Jersey, the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Com- pany, the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, the Pennsylvania Coal Company, and the New York, Lake Erie and Western, Railroad Company; the railroad com- panies operating under charters incorporating coal com panies controlled by them. There are very few proper- ties of any profitable size yet remaining not directly or indirectly at the mercy of these large corporations. The prices paid for coal lands in the northern or Wyo- ming coal field when the tra,de was small were very low, often less than one hundred dollars an acre for those in choice positions but yet undeveloped. The farmer who owned a large tract, from a few acres of which he suc- ceeded in gathering a frugal subsistence with hard labor, felt rich if he could sell four hundred acres for twenty or thirty dollars an acre and buy a much better farm in the growing west for half the money. Much of course de- pended on the prospects of early development of the coal and the opening of ways to market. Few of them had much faith in the coal, which had never done any good to the neighborhood; and they only valued the sur- face as yielding fair returns for labor bestowed. With few wants, the farmer out of debt was rich. The Pennsylvania Coal Company purchased the greater part of its best lands thirty years ago, at prices ranging from $75 to $200 per acre, farms and all. When the last farms were secured, probably $300 per acre was paid to close and connect the surveys. Some years after, for small tracts from which they could take the coal through improvements already made, $1,000 per acre was reported as the price paid, which would be cheaper to the com- pany taking the coal out at once than $200 paid thirty years before, when the coal lay untouched by the miner's pick or drill. To judge by the financial statements of the best com- ^¥ ^ ^^ =^; THE VALUE OF COAL LANDS. 87 panics (except the prudently managed Pennsylvania Coal Company), it might be judged that coal lands had cost them many thousands of dollars an acre. But the blend- ing vast lines of transportation with lands to be developed makes it difficult to judge accurately. The experience of the one company excepted would indicate that the land was the only profitable part of the investment. But again, what would the land be now worth without markets for the coal and means of transportation? Not more than it sold for twenty- five years ago. The Read- ing Company and the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company are the objects of most bitter attack for bad management and blundering into unnecessary expendi- tures and indebtedness. The Reading road has reached out its arms with seeming recklessness after new markets. Take the explanation made by Mr. President Gowen, in his recent annual report to the meeting of stockholders, January 12th, 1880: " The company is now prepared to transport direct, by its own cars and engines, to the harbor of New York the large amount of coal ton- nage which heretofore, at a cash cost of fully eighty-five cents per ton, had to be transported over lines of other companies. As the actual cost of moving this coal from Philadelphia to New York over the new line cannot ex- ceed forty cents per ton, the difference of forty-five cents per ton on a yearly tonnage of about a million tons, amounting to $450,000 per annum, will represent the saving of the company." Mr. Gowen estimates a business of 9,000,000 tons over his roads in 1880, and that the average price will be $1.50 per ton higher at tide water than in 1879. The Delaware and Hudson Canal reported a deficiency on its leased lines, but its northern roads lead to new and growing markets. With the advance in prices of coal and the rapid increase in tonnage this deficiency must speedily disappear, and the leased lines will not only pay their own expenses; but every additional ton of anthracite carried north will add to the profits of the mines and to the trade of each branch employed in the transpor- tation. Increased trade and advanced prices must soon estab- lish the value of coal lands. Hear Mr. Maxwell on this subject: " If a population of twenty-one millions value 5,209,000 acres of coal land at $2,000 per acre, what should a population of 11,635,000, having: the same wants in proportion to number, value only 279,680 acres of coal land at per acre ? Who will solve this problem satisfactorily to himself ? The facts bear out its terms with all the force of mathematical truth. It IS to be observed that in stating this problem the lowest price of the English coal lands is adopted as one of its terms. This leaves a wide margin against the hazard of error. England, too, is much nearer her maximum of population, manufactures and coal consumption than we are, while our coal market, in area four times as large as hers, but with half her population now, is rapidly filling up with coming millions." Mr. Maxwell estimates 1,613 tons per acre to every foot tliickness. Practical men estimate 1,000 tons to the foot, clear merchantable coal, allowing liberally for pillars and waste. The Delaware and Hudson Canal Company say: " In Great Britain coal lands are worth from $5,000 to $7,000 per acre. In the light of these facts, why should not the consumption of anthracite continue to increase, why should it not be mined at a profit, and why should not the value per acre of the small area of anthracite coal lands in the United States approximate that of the vast- ly larger area of coal lands in Great Britain?" Pertinent questions, which are in course of solution as rapidly as the returning good sense of the large companies will per- mit. The pioneers in the trade who yet live may hope to see it answered in the affirmative, and they deserve it. Of the pioneers in the early development nearly all have passed away. Of these Hon. Hendrick B. Wright, in his Historical Sketches of Plymouth, a work bf great local interest written in the author's best vein, makes lionorable mention, so far as connected with old Shawnee trade: " Freeman Thomas came to Plymouth from Northampton county about the year 1811, and purchased the Avondale property, to which he gave the name more than titty year3 ago. Mr. Thom is was in advance of most of his neighbors in his It:inwledge of the coil measures. At an early day he commenced driving the ' Grand Tunnel' into the moun- tain side, with the purpose of striking the coal. This was probably as early as 1828, and was the flrat experiment in tunneling in the Wyoming valley through rook. After three or four years of persevering labor, and with his credit almost sunk, he struclc the big red ash vein. Free- man Thomas lived to a good old age. Hedied at his home in Northum- berland county in his eighty-eighth year. Not long after the construc- tion of the Grand Tunnel Jameson Harvey discovered coal upon his premises near by, and these two coal properties, being most eligibly situated, were more extensively worked than any other mine in the township. William L. Lance became lessee of the Grand Tunnel proper- ty in 1851." Col. Wright says that the red ash vein worked by the Smiths and Freeman Thomas, in Plymouth, averages twenty-six feet of pure coal, being better and thicker than the seam on the east side of the river where it crops out near the summit of the Wilkes-Barre mountain not more than eight feet in thickness. It is assumed by some that the lower vein, known as the red ash, thins out as it goes east and disappears on the Lackawanna about Scran- ton; which is not at all probable, as the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company has been in operation at Car- bondale for fifty years, chiefly on the lower veins of the measure, which are not yet exhausted. It is asserted that a nine-foot vein has been tested at Dunmore, east of Scranton, below any of the veins now worked there. The measures on the Lackawanna are not so deep as in the parts of the basin along the Susquehanna, and the large companies established above Pittston have all secured ample stores of anthracite in Kingston, Plymouth, New- port, Hanover, Wilkes-Barre and Plains townships for centuries to come, and have facilities for transportation from them both present and future. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company, on the rich properties of the late Colonel Washington Lee on the east and of Mr. Harvey on the west side of the river, has already been mentioned, with its lines of communication. The Lehigh and Wilkes- Barre Coal Company, growing from the Consolidated Coal Company through the Wilkes-Barre Coal and Iron Company is, under the management of Mr. Charles Par- rish, a pioneer in the trade of Wilkes-Barre, Hanover and Newport, fast taking a leading position. Judge Francis Lathrop, in whose hands the coal company and the Cen- tral Railroad of New Jersey are, as receiver, says that they are improving in financial condition. The principal coal tonnage of the Central is from this coal company. The ^h LACKAWANNA AND BLOOMSBURG AND LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROADS. 93 Among the officers and managers conspicuous for doing hard work and assuming heavy responsibilities to relieve the company from embarrassment were Judge William C. Reynolds, Samuel Hoyt, William Sweetland, Henderson Gaylord, Thomas F. Atherton, Joseph H. Scranton, Mordecai W. Jackson and Hon. George W. Woodward; and in their special departments, Hon. Warren J. Wood- ward and Hon. Charles R. Buckalew. Valuable aid was also rendered by R. J. Wisner, Theodore Strong and S. T. Scranton. John Brisbin and James Archbald repre- sented the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad in the board, and they were always esteemed valuable counselors. Mr. Pettebone was succeeded by A. H. Reynolds. Thomas F. Atherton was the first secretary, but was succeeded in 1854 by Henry Woodhouse, who served the company during the hard work of construction and who was universally commended for his faithfulness. The grading of the road was commenced at Scranton, in 1854, and in June, 1856, the first train ran from Scran- ton to Kingston. In 1858 the road was opened to Rupert, connecting with the Catawissa road, and in i860 to Dan- ville and Northumberland. This road was consolidated with the Delaware, Lacka- wanna and Western in 1872, and it is now known as the Bloomsburg branch of that road. The shops of the Bloomsburg division are located at Kingston. They are for the manufacture of locomotives and the repair of all cars. They are five in number, and 160 men are employed in them. The success of this road has fully demonstrated the wise prevision of its projectors. LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD. In 1846 this was chartered as the Delaware, Lehigh, Schuylkill and Susquehanna Railroad Company. In 1850 a survey of the road was first made between Eastoh and the mouth of Mahoning creek. In 1851 Asa Packer became a large purchaser of stock in this company, and instituted measures to secure an early completion of the work. In 1852 Robert H. Sayre became chief engineer and located the road, and in the latter part of the same year Judge Packer undertook the construction of the road from a point opposite Mauch Chunk to Easton, where it would make such connections as would give outlets to New York and Philadelphia for its trade. Early in 1853 the name of the corporation was changed to the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, and in 1855 trains ran over it between Easton and Mauch Chunk. In 1865 measures were adopted to extend the road to White Haven, and in 1867 it was opened to Wilkes-Barre. Judge Packer had, in 1866, purchased a controlling interest in the North Branch Canal from Wilkes-Barre to the north line of Pennsylvania, with a charter from the State authorizing a change in the name of the corporation to the Pennsylvania and New York Canal and Railroad Company, and the construction of a railroad the entire length of it; and the work was at once entered on. The road, which is practically an extension of the Lehigh Valley, was opened to its New York connections in 1869. About ten miles of it, between Wilkes-Barre and Lacka- wanna junction, are leased by the Lehigh Valley Com- pany, and the remainder is operated in the interest of the l:itter, constituting, as before stated, an extension of that road. The connection thus formed with the New York and Erie and with other roads in New York brought a large territory into direct communication with the anthra- cite coal fields of Luzerne county and the region farther south, and thus greatly enhanced the importance of the mining interest in those regions, while it established more intimate commercial relations between these sections of the country. It is a noteworthy fact that the lines on which the railroads in this section run are generally coincident with those of the .old Indian war paths. In 1868 the stock of the Hazleton Railroad Company and that of the Lehigh and Luzerne Railroad Company became merged in this corporation. It has always been the policy of this company to secure a proportion of the coal trade by acquiring in- terests in coal lands and in the stock of other compa- nies holding such lands in the vicinity of their branches. They have thus become large owners of real estate beyond what is necessary for purposes of transportation. This road crosses the mountain range between the Susquehanna and Lehigh valleys by a wide detour to the southeast, and during the ascent many splendid views are disclosed. The engine house and shops of this company are located about one mile north from Wilkes-Barre. They are for the repair of locomotives only. About one hundred and forty men are constantly employed in them. They were commenced in 1872 and completed as far as at present in 1874. CHAPTER XIII. historical, agricultural, medical, religious and sportsmen's associations. 'N the nth day of February, 1858, at a meet- ing held in the old Fell tavern, in Wilkes- Barre, to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the burning of anthracite coal in an open grate, it was proposed to organize a histori- cal and geological society, and thus collect and preserve the early records of the local history of the valley, its Indian relics, and also fossils and specimens illustrative of its geology, especially of the rich and extensive deposits of anthracite coal which underlie the entire region. The suggestion was favorably received, and on the roth of the following May the Wyoming Historical and Geo- logical Society was duly incorporated. Hon. E. L. Dana 4h Hh'- 94 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. was elected the first president, and a room for the cabi- net was secured on Franklin street, near Market. Liberal donations were made of historical records, Indian relics, geological and mineralogical specimens; and General Wil- liam S. Ross, with characteristic liberality, purchased at the, expense of two thousand dollars the Chambers col- lection of curiosities, consisting of ancient coins, miner- als, Indian relics, etc., and presented it to the society. The monthly meetings of the association have been held with some degree of regularity, and contributions continue to be made to it. These contributions are sev- erally numbered as they are received, and the names of the contributors recorded. The donations often include many articles and the list of them thus kept now exceeds five thousand. A large library, including a valuable collection of pub- lic records, has also been gathered. The rare historical records, many of them originals, and the interesting cabinet of coal fossils, which it would be scarcely possible to replace in case of loss, are deserving of the protection of a fire-proof structure. AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES. During the half century succeeding the first settlement of Luzerne county agriculture was the chief employment of the inhabitants. There were among them a few hunt- ers and trappers, and such mechanics as the wants of the people necessitated. The existence of the immense mineral wealth of the region was not then known. The farmer, as he followed his plow over the fields, scattered on them the seed, or gathered from them the grain which sprang up, matured, and ripened, little dreamed that beneath the surface on which he labored was a deposit of wealth compared with which the harvests that he reaped were mere trifles; or that the barren mountains over which the hunter pursued his game would yet re- ward the labor of thousands whose villages would lie scattered along their bases. The settlements were limited to the fertile lands along the Susquehanna and its afflu- ents, where bountiful returns rewarded the labors of the husbandman. The agriculture of those days was, compared with that of the present time, awkward and rude. Many of the implements then in use were clumsy and uncouth, though some of them were well adapted to the condition of things then existing. The different methods of culture, the proper rotation of crops, the chemical composition of the soil and its adaptation to the production of different kinds of grain; the constitution, selection and application of manures ; the nature, habits and best means for pre- venting the ravages of or exterminating destructive insects, etc., had not been made the subject of scientific investigation to the extent to which they have in later years. Scarcely any agricultural publications were issued, and such as existed were sparsely circulated ; and no associations existed among farmers for the discussion of matters pertaining to agricultural science or for comparison of views, methods or results. The first agricultural society in this State of which any record appears was that of Philadelphia, which was established at the request of the Supreme Executive Council. In 1788 this society instituted investigations and made a report on the subject of the Hessian fly. The importation of American wheat into England had been prohibited by a proclamation of the King, and this report, by showing the uselessness of such prohibition, was of great advantage to American farmers. The first agricultural society in Luzerne county was organized in 1810, at a meeting held in the old court-house in Wilkes-Barre. Jesse Fell was chosen president of the society, Matthias Hollenback vice-president, Thomas Dyer, Esq., treasurer, Peleg Tracy recording secretary, and Dr. R. H. Rose and Jacob Cist corresponding secre- taries. It is remembered that these corresponding secre- taries were very efficient members of the society, and that they were active in promoting the advancement of knowl- edge among the people. Only fragmentary records of the proceedings of this society are preserved. For 181 1 there appears a report on some specimens of cloth pre- sented for exhibition by Mr. Ingham, who was a cloth dresser, and the premium list for 1824 is still in existence. Though the premiums in thislist were not large they were very judiciously arranged, and were only proposed for those things which were substantially useful. Five dollars each were offered for best essays on the Hessian fly and' the prevention of its ravages, on the curculio and the best methods for its destruction, and on the general subject of agriculture and manufactures. The list was not disgraced by the offer of anything for horse racing. The Agricultural Society of the State of Pennsylvania was organized in 1849, and since its organization societies have sprung up in almost every county in the State. In 1851 another Luzerne county agricultural society was organized, with General William S. Ross president,. Hon. John Coons and Hon. William Hancock vice-presidents, S. D. Lewis treasurer, George H. Butler recording sec- retary, Washington Lee, jr., corresponding secretary, and Charles Dorrance and William P. Miner curators. Al- though the society had two hundred members and gave great promise of usefulness, its existence was brief, by reason of the speculation in coal lands which at about that time overshadowed almost every other interest. The third society, which is still in existence, was organized in 1858. From the records of this society the following facts concerning it are gleaned: On the 25th of September of that year a meeting of persons inter- ested in farming and gardening was held in the "house of Mr. Wambold," at Kingston. Rev. Thomas P. Hunt presided, and William P. Miner acted as secretary. Colonel Charies Dorrance reported a constitution and by-laws for the organization then and there to be formed, which were adopted. The constitution named the asso- ciation the Luzerne County Agricultural Society ; declared the object to be "to foster and improve agriculture, horticulture, and the domestic and house- hold arts ;• fixed the fee for annual membership at $1, and for life membership at $5 ; provided for a meeting on the third Tuesday in February of each year, at which ^^ =^^ ^¥ y.^ drafted. John Ballen- tme, July 14, '63; drafted. Henry Blystone, July 13 '6v James Barrett, Oct. 31, '61; drowned in dam No e' Chesapeake and Ohio canal, Feb. 9, '62. Jacob Bowman,' Feb. 10^ '64; died Aug. 17, '64, of wounds received at Peach Tree Creek, Ga. Anthony Burke, Jan. 13, '64- died of wounds received at Bentonville, N. C, March i9'i86s- veteran. Israel Bush, July 13, '63; drafted; died' Sept! 26, 63. Charles Bushell, Oct. 31, '61; died Aug. 19, '62, of wounds received at Cedar Mountain, Va , Auo- 6 '62 Patrick Burke, Oct. 31, '61: deserted December 30! '62' Leander Bush, July 13, '63; substitute; prisoner from Feb. 6 to May 6, '65. Henry Cannavan, Jan. 13 '64- vet- eran. jTohn Clark, Oct. 31, '61; mustered out Sept. 18, '64- expiration of term. Patrick Cassidy, Oct. 31 '6i- dis- charged on surgeon's certificate Feb. 18, '63 Thomas Corcoran Oct. 31, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Oct. 25 62. Barney Cain, Sept. 16, '63; substitute; dis- charged by general order May 30, 1865. Patrick Cain, Uct^i3, 61; transferred to vetern reserve corps Geo W. Crowj Aug. I, %y^ transferred to vetern reserve corps Oct. 14, 64^ Wm. Coughlan, Oct. 31. '61; deserted Aug. '^' V ./?'" Carrigan, Oct. 31, '61, deserted Aug. 17, 62; Michael Clark, Oct. 31, '61; deserted June 30, /V^ i"*"'!.' Calhoun, Oct. 31, '61; missing in action at Cedar Mountam, Va., Aug. 9, '62. John D. Clary, Mar. 17, 64; not on muster-out roll. Henry Dickey Mar. 3, 64. M. A. Dowling, Sept. 16, '63; substitute! <¥r ■^H= COMPANY I, FORTY-SIXTH PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS. "3 James Duncan, July 13, '63; drafted; discharged by gen- eral order May 22, '65. Patrick Devine, Oct. 31, '61; transferred to veteran corps. Henry Davis, Mar. 9, '64; killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 29, '64. George H. Etter, Sept. 17, '62; killed at Antietam Sept. 17, '62. James Frederick, July 13, '63; drafted. Peter Flynn, Oct. 31, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Dec. 9, '62. Silas Fisher, Sept. 16, '63; substitute; discharged by general ordeif April 25, 1865. Benjamin Fullum, July 23, '6;}; substitute; discharged by general order April 27, '65. John M. Freeburn, Feb. 29, '64; wounded at Dallas Gap, Ga., May 25, '64; discharged by general order May 17, '65. Harvey Fullerton, July 15, '63; drafted; died at Kelly's Ford, Va., Sept. 8, 1863. Alex. G. Frank, Feb. 24, '64; died July 23, '64, of wounds received at Atlanta, Ga. James Fox^, Oct. 13, '61; deserted January 25, '63. John Fisher, Oct, 13, '61 ; deserted August 17, '62. Martin Gouldin, Jan. 12, 1864; veteran. Nathaniel Good- rich, Mar. 7, 1864. Joseph Gloegle, July 9, 1863; drafted; wounded at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864; absent in hospital at muster out. Paul F. Graham, July 14, 1863; drafted; discharged on surgeon's certificate Jan. 8, 1864. Daniel K. Grim, Sept. 16, 1863; drafted; deserted November 19, 1864; returned May 10, 1865; discharged May 11, 1865. Martin Goughan, Oct. 31, 186 1; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate Aug. i6, 1862. James Grier, Oct. 30, i86i; deserted June 9, 1862. Franklin •D. Houk, Jan. 4, 1864. Patrick Hamaker, Feb. 9, 1864. John C. Harman, July 13, 1863; drafted. Rudolph Ha- berstick, Aug. 3, 1863; substitute. William Holloran, Oct. 31, 1861; discharged on surgeon's certificate Feb. 25, 1863. John Harrigan, Oct. 31, 1861; discharged on surgeon's certificate Mar. 15, 1863. Patrick Hearty, Oct. 31, r86i; discharged on surgeon's certificate Dec. 9, 1S62. James Hay, Mar. 8, 1864; deserted July i, 1865. Wil- liam J. Johnston, Oct. 31, 1861; discharged on surgeon's certificate Mar. 31, 1863. William Johnson, Jan. 13, 1864; deserted Feb. 9, 1865; veteran. George R. Koonts, Dec. 12, 1863. James F. P. Kelley, Mar. 3, 1864. David Koonts, July 23, 1864; substitute; wounded in action May 15, 1864; absent in hospital at muster out. John Kevlin, Mar. 24, 1864; discharged by general order July to, 1865. Jacob G. Keener, Feb. 3, 1864; deserted June 23,1865. Edmund J. Lehr, Feb. I, 1865. John Lavery, Sept. 16, 1863; drafted. Jos. Loudermilch, Mar. 16, 1864; absent, sick, at muster out. Isaac Lyter, Sept. 14, 1864; discharged by general order June 8, 1865. John Lanehan, Oct. 31, 1861; executed for the murder of Major Lewis Dec. 23, 1861. Samuel A. Leclere, Sept. 16, 1863; drafted; died at Savannah, Ga., June 22, 1865. Edward Lee, July 14, 1863; substitute; deserted Sept. 30, 1864. Michael Leonard, Aug., 1861; not mustered into United States service. William H. Morton, Feb. 27, 1864. Martin Maughin, Jan. 13, 1864; prisoner from Aug. 9 to Sept. 13, 1862, and from May 2 to May 15, 1863; veteran. Daniel Murphy, April 12, 1864; wounded in action July 20, 1864; absent in hospital at master out. John Metzger, Sept. 14, 1864; discharged by general order June 8, 1865. William Malone, July 14, 1863; substitute; died at Goldsboro', N. C, Mar. 27, 1865. John Millan, Oct. 31, 1861; deserted Sept. 30, 1862. Thomas Martin, Oct. 31, 1861; deserted Aug. 11, 1862. PatrickMullin, Oct. 31,1861; deserted Jan. 19, 1862. Owen McLaughlin, Mar. 31, 1864; veteran. Dennis McSwee- ney, July 13, 1863; drafted. James A. McL.iin, Sept. 13. 1863; drafted; discharged by general order June 5, 1865, Peter McGonegal, Oct. 31, 1861; discharged on surgeon's certificate Oct. 16, 1862. Adam McCulIough, July 11, 1863; drafted; discharged on surgeon's certificate Feb. 13, 1864. Thomas McKennon, Feb. 24, 1864; deserted May IT, 1864. Robert McTigert, Oct. ij, 1861; not on n^ muster-out roll. Elijah J. Newton, Jan. 4, 1864. John H. Newton, Jan. 4, 1864. Charles Newton, Mar. 9, 1864; prisoner from March 3 to March 30, 1865; discharged by general order June 29, 1865. William H. Neill, July 13, 1863; drafted; discharged by general order June 21, 1865. James Oliver, Oct. 13, r86i; deserted July i, 1862. Patrick Ore, Oct. 13, 1861; deserted Dec. 30, 1862 David I. Potts, July 12, 1862; drafted. Thomas Painter, July 13, 1863; drafted. Peter C. Powell, Oct. 31, 1861; mustered out Sept. 18, 1864; expiration of term. William, Parham, Oct. 31, 1861, discharged on surgeon's certificate Feb. 21, 1863. William Phillipi, July 16, 1863; substitute; died Aug. 11, 1864, at Chatta- nooga, Tenn. Matthew T. Rankin, July 13, 1863; drafted. Patrick Reap, Jan. 13, 1S64; veteran. George W. Shad- dow, Mar. 4, 1864. William Singer, Feb. 20, 1864. Martin Swart?., Mar. 8, 1864; veteran. William Stivison, July 13, 1863; drafted. Robert K. Stuchall, July 13, 1864; drafted. John Shriner, Feb. 10, 1864; discharged by general order Sept. 13, 1865. George W. Sweigard, Feb. 22, 1864; discharged by general order July 24, 1865. John Sullivan, Oct. 31, 1861; discharged on surgeon's certificate; date unknown. Robert Stewart, July 13, 1863; substitute; died June 8, 1864, of wounds received at Derherd, Tennessee. David B. Singer, Feb. 28, 1864; died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Aug. 7, 1864. John Shields, Oct. 3r, 1861; died of wounds received at Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864. John Slonoski, Oct. 13, 1861; deserted. Charles Stewart, Sept. 16, 1861; substitute; deserted Jan. 10, 1864. Wash. Wilhelm, July 13, 1863; substitute. Michael Walsh, Oct. 31, 1861; mustered out Sept. 18, 1864, expiration of term. Wm. H. Weamer, July 13, 1863; drafted; discharged on surgeon's certificate June 2, 1865. Patrick Whalon, Oct. 31, 1861; discharged on surgeon's certificate. Thomas R. Wimer, July 13, 1863; drafted; died at Kingston, Ga., Aug. 17, 1864. William Whiting, Oct. 13, 1861; deserted Aug. 31, 1862. William I. Wright, Feb. 24, 1864; missing in action at Gulp's Farm, Ga.,. June 22, 1864. Joseph Young, Dec. 12, 1863; wounded in action July 20, 1864; absent in hospital at muster out. JamesYoung, Oct. 31, 1861; discharged on surgeon's certificate. C Zimmerman, Feb. 23, 1864. FIFTIETH REGIMENT. Company I in this regiment was recruited in Luzurne county. The regiment was organized September 2Sth, 1861, with Benjamin C. Christ as colonel. It proceeded to Washington on the 2nd of October, and thence to Annapolis on the 9th. On the 19th it embarked on transports, and after a perilous voyage, in the course of which one of the vessels came very near being lost, it landed and went into camp on Port Royal island. In December the regiment went to Beaufort, which place it was the first to occupy. Here in its first skirmish it drove the enemy from the island. On the ist of Janu- ary the regiment was in its first engagement, at the battle of Coosaw, where a partially constructed fort was taken and destroyed. May 29th the regiment, with a section of artillery and two companies of cavalry, went to Pocotaligo to assist in a demonstration on Charleston. Six companies of the regiment accomplished the perilous feat of Crossing a bridge from which the plank had been removed, on the stringers, under fire, driving the enemy from his position on the opposite side and replanking the bridge, thus enabling the entire force to cross. Captain Parker, who led these 15 *4h 114 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. companies, was killed. July 12th the regiment was or- dered from Beaufort to Fortress Monroe, where it became a part of General Burnside's (9th) corps, and marched to the support of General Pope, on the Rapidan. At the second battle of Bull Run it was engaged on both days of the fight, but most severely on the second. The men recollected with pride that in every encounter they drove the enemy. On the ]St of August the regiment was engaged in the battle of Chantilly, where General Stevens, who was in command of the division to which it was attached, was killed. On the 14th of September it participated in the battle of South Mountain, where it aided in a charge that drove the enemy from the field. Its next engagement was at Antietam, where it lost seven killed. Although present at the battle of Fredericksburg in December, it was not actively engaged. Some time after the battle of Fredericksburg the regi- ment went with the 9th corps to Kentucky and subse- quently, by way of Cincinnatti and Cairo, to Vicksburg. After the fall of that place it was attached to General Sherman's army, and was engaged in the action for the occupancy of Jackson, Miss. In August the regiment re- turned to Kentucky, where the health of the men, who had suffered greatly from malaria, was recruited and sick absentees returned. In October the 50th, with the rest of the brigade commanded by Colonel Christ, went to assist in repelling a force of the enemy which had come into East Tennessee from Virginia, and was engaged in a battle by which they were driven back. Soon after re- turning to Knoxville they went forward again to check an invasion of the State by General Longstreet, but were driven back. In the latter part of November the regi- ment assisted in repelling an assault on the defenses of Knoxville, and on the 5th of December the siege was raised and the rebel army retreated, followed by the joth among other troops. It pursued the enemy, occasionally skirmishing with the rear guard, as far as Blaine's cross roads. Here the regiment encamped, and on the 1st of January, 1864, about three hundred of the men re-enlisted. After a painful march to Nicholasville, Ky., a veteran furlough was given them. At the expiration of their furlough they were attached to the 9th corps in Virginia, went forward, and on the 5th of May were engaged in the battle of the Wilderness. On the 9th they were engaged at Spottsylvania Court- house, and in this battle and at the Wilderness lost in killed, wounded and missing about two hundred. On the 12th it was again engaged, and from that time forward almost daily till the battle of Cold Harbor, in which it took a part and suffered severely. It marched thence to the front of Petersburg, where it did picket duty till the latter part of July. It assisted in the assault after the explosion of the mine. On the 19th of August it marched toward the Weldon railroad, and was attacked by the en- emy on two successive days. Some thirty of the men were discharged about this time by reason of the expira- tion of their term of service. In October 147 recruits were received, and after two weeks spent in drilling active duty was resumed. The regiment in the latter part of November took a position in front of Petersburg, and remained there dur- ing the winter. It was engaged in the active operations of early April, 1865, and was among the first regiments that reached Petersburg when it fell. About the middle of that month it went to Washington, and remained there till the last of June. On the 4th of July it took part in the laying of the corner stone of the national monument at Gettysburg, and it was mustered out of the service on the 30th of that month. Of the 50th regiment the following were the FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS : Colonels. — Benjamin C. Christ, mustered in July 27, 1861; promoted brevet brigadier general Aug. i, 1864; mustered out Sept. 30, 1864. William H. Telford, Aug. 8, 1 861; promoted from captain Company G to lieuten- ant colonel Feb. 8, 1865; colonel May 15, 1865; mustered out with regiment July 30, 1865. Lieutenant Colonels. — Thomas S. Brenholtz, Sept. 10, 1861; promoted from captain Company H Sept. 30, 1861; died Aug. 19, 1863, of wounds received at Jackson, Miss., July 16, 1863. Edward Overton, jr., Sept. 30, 1861; pro- moted from major to lieutenant colonel Dec. 15, 1863; mustered out Sept. 30, 1864. Samuel K. Schwenk, Feb. 28, 1865; promoted from major to lieutenant colonel May 15, 1865; brevet colonel and brigadier general July 24, 1865; mustered out with regiment July 30, 1865. Major. — George W. Brumm, Sept. 9, 1861; ])romoted from captain Company F May 19, 1865; mustered out with regiment July 30, 1865. Adjutants. — Henry T. Kendall, Sept. 10, 1861; pro- moted from first lieutenant Company H May 3, 1864; taptured May 12, 1864; captain Company II Jan. 19, 1865; not mustered; discharged by special order Feb. II, 1865. Lewis Crater, Sept. 10, 1861; promoted from f:rst lieutenant Company F April 16, 1865; mustered out ■ with regiment July 30, 1865; veteran. Quartermasters. — Alfred Jones, Sept. 30, 1861; cap- tured July, 1864; discharged by special order Mar. 22, 1865. John S. Eckel, April i, 1862; promoted from first lieutenant Company C Jan. 15, 1865; mustered out with regiment July 30, 1865; veteran. Surgeons. — David J. M'Kibben, Sept. 14, 1861; pro- moted brigade surgeon U. S. volunteers Oct. 21, 1861. C. J. Siemans, Mch. 7, 1862; resigned Mch. 16, 1864. John M. Kollock, July 25, 1862; proinoted'from assistant surgeon ii8th Pennsylvania Sept. 3, 1864; resigned June 20, 1865. Assistant Surgeons. — Joseph P. ^'^ickers, .\ug. 30, 1861; resigned July 18, 1864. William P. Book, Aug. i, 1862: mustered out Sept. 30, 1864. Frank P. Wilson, Man 31, 18O5; mustered out with regiment July 30, 1865. Chaplains. — John F. Meredith, April 22, 1862; dis- charged January 13, 1863. Halleck Armstrong, Feb. 24, 1865; mustered out with regiment July 30, 1865. Sergeant Majors.~k\tx^\-\A(ix^.Q,3.x\t\.t., Sept. 9, 1861; promoted from sergeant Company C Mar. 29, 1864; mustered out with regiment July 30, 1865; veteran. Thomas F. Foster, Sept. 6, 1861; promoted from corporal Company D to sergeant major; to second lieutenant Company D April 8, 1864; veteran, Frank H. Barnhart, Sept. 19,1861; ])romoted first lieutenant Company B Nov. 26, 1864; veteran. Alfred J. Stephens, Sept. 6, i86i; pro- moted from sergeant Company D Nov. 21, 1864, to first lieutenant Company B Mar. 21, 1865; veteran. Henry A. Lantz, Sept. 30, 1861; promoted first lieuten- ant Company E Jan. 18, 1862. =^)* Quartermaster Sergeants. — Simon Clonser, Feb. 25, 1864; promoted from serjreant Company K May 9, 1865; mustered out with regiment July 30, 1865; veteran. Frank H. Forbes, Jan. i, 1864; promoted second lieu- tenant Company E May 10, 1865; veteran. John S. Eckel, April i, 1862; promoted second lieutenant Com- pany C Mar. 17, 1864. Alfred W. Gift, Sept. 13, 1861; promoted from private Company E Mch. 21, 1865; mus- tered out with regiment July 30, 1865; veteran. Jonas Faust, Sept. 9, 1861; promoted from pri.vate Company A Dec. 4, 1864; discharged on surgeon's certificate May, 1865; veteran. Lewis Crater, Sept. 10, 18C1; promoted from private Company H May i, 1862 to first lieutenant Company F Dec. 5, 1864; veteran. Hospital Stewarii.—A\i\VLn&er H. Shaffer, Sept., 1861; promoted from private Company G Sept., 1861; mus- tered out with regiment July 30, 1865; veteran. Principal Musicians.— \N'\\\\am K.' Schuckert, Sept. 9, i86i; promoted from musician Company A Oct. 25, 1864; mustered out with regiment July 30, 1865; veteran. Reed W. Dumfee, Sept. 9, i86i; promoted from musician Company K .\pril 13, 1865; mustered out with regiment July 30, 186s; veteran. Henry .\. Hoffman, Sept. 30, 1861; discharged by general order .Vug., 18C2. COMPANY I. The date following the name of each man in the roll below is that of his muster-in. Unless otherwise stated each man was mustered out with the company July 30th, 1865. Officers. — Captains — Samuel F. Bossard, Sept. 25, 186c; resigned January 28, 1863. James H. Levan, Sept. 9, 1861; promoted from sergeant Company C to captain Nov. 26, 1864; veteran. First lieutenants — William Rey- nolds, Sept. 25, i86[; mustered out Sept. 29, 1864. Ed- ward A. Wilbur, Sept. 25, 1861; promoted from private to sergeant; to first lieutenant Dec. 4, 1864; veteran. Second lieutenants — Alfred J. Huntzinger, Sept. 25, 1861; promoted captain Company K Sept. 17, 1862. Richard Rahn, Sept. 25, 1861; promoted from first sergeant to second lieutenant Sept. 17, 1862; mustered out Sept, 29, 1864. First sergeant — John Dennison, Sept. 25, 1861; promoted from private to sergeant; first sergeant June 15, 1865; commissioned second lieutenant Sept. 30, 1864; not mustered; veteran. Sergeants — Casper Kahle, Sept. 25, 1861; promoted from private to sergeant; veteran. Burrell E. Reed, Sept. 25, 1861; wounded at Petersburg, Va.; transferred to veteran reserve corps; returned Jan. 7, 1865; promoted from corporal to sergeant Feb. i, 1865; veteran. Joseph Hedden, Sept. 25, 1861; promoted cor- poral; sergeant June 15, 1865. Andrew Jackson, Sept. 25, 1861; prisoner from May 12 to Dec. 10, 1864; mus- tered out Jan. 31, 1865, to date Dec. 15, 1864. John Mackey, Sept. 25, 186 1; died June 7, 1864, of wounds received June 5, 1864; veteran. Aaron O.xrider, Sept. 25, t86i; died June 18, 1864, of wounds received at Petersburg, Va.; veteran. William Cole, Sept. 25, 1861; not on muster-out roll. George W. Dickens, Sept. 25, 1861; promoted from corporal to sergeant Jan. i, 1863; not on muster-out roll. Corporals — James M. Wagner, Sept. IS, 1861; promoted corporal; discharged by gen- eral order July 25, 1865; veteran. Jeremiah W. Darn- sife, Feb. 29, 1864. Joseph Clouser, Feb. 29, 1864; pro- moted corporal April 7, 1865. Hiram Michaels, Feb. 29, 1864; promoted corporal April 7, 1865. Humphrey Brown, Dec. 7, 1861; discharged March 16, 1865, for wounds, with loss of leg, received Sept. 30, 1864. Mat- thew Berkley, Sept. 25, 1861; prisoner; died at Ander- sonville, Ga., July 26, 1864. Solomon Rudisill, April 22, 1862; died July 12, 1864, of wounds received in ac- tion. William B. Michael, Sent. 25, 1861; discharged March 12, 1862. Charles Croner, Sept. 25, 1861; killed at Chantilly, Va., Sept. t, 1862. Stephen H. Haley, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Nov. 16, 1862. John A. Bush, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Jan. 17, 1863. Nicholas Rice, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Oct. 18, 1863. Josiah Wright, Sept. 25, 1861: discharged Dec. 3, ;862. Musicians — Alfred Fairchild, Feb, 29, 1864. Hiram Brant, Feb. 24, 1864. Edwin B. Woodward, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Feb. 23, 1863. Privates. — George Allspach, Sept. 25, 1861; veteran. Isaac Allison, Feb. 22, 1865; drafted; discharged general order June 23, 1865. Charles Ackley, Dec. 7, 1861; wounded in action, with loss of leg; discharged April i, 7865. William Armstrong, March 13, 1865; substitute; deserted March 18, 1865. Von Henry Andis, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged; March 5, 1862. Christ Barringer, March 13, 1865; substitute; at muster out. Franklin Bretz, March i, 1864. Thomas Burch, Sept. 26, 1864; substitute; discharged by general order June 2, 1865. John Butow, Sept. 20, 1864; substitute; discharged by general order, June 2, 1865. William Biery, Sept. 13, 1861; killed at Petersburg, Va., June 25, 1864; buried in 9th corps cemetery, Meade Station, Va, Thomas Birch, March 6, 1865; substitute; deserted May 28, 1865. D. J. Brighthoupt, Sept. 25, 1861; not on muster-out roll. Marion D. Betts, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Feb. 5, 1863. Charles C. Bosse, Sept. 25, 1861; deserted March 26, 1863. William H. Baldwin, Dec. 7, 1861; discharged Feb. 4, 1863. John L. Cunningham, Sept. 25, 1861; mustered out Sept. 29, 1864. John Casey, Sept. 27. 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. Jacob Clemans, Sept. 28, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. John Calvert, Sept. 28. 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. Calvin Crutchman, Aug. 31, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. Robert Collier, Feb. 23, 1865; drafted; discharged June, 1865. Thomas Cotter, March 13, 1865; substitute; deserted March 18. 1865. James R. Carman, Sept. 25, 1861; not on muster-out roll. Ezra F. Carpenter, Sept. 25, i86i; not on muster-out roll. George De Gran, March 9, 1864. Isaac H. Darnsife, Feb. 29, 1864; absent, in hospital, at muster-out. George Dolloway, March 11, 1865; substitute; mustered out July 30, 1865. Zach. Dennehower, March 10, 1865; substitute; mustered out July 30, 1865. Henry Diffendurfer, Aug. 28, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. Dennis Dogan, Sept. 28, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. Joseph Dishboro, Feb. 23, 1865; drafted; discharged July s, 1865. Levi Doutrick, Feb. 25, 1864; prisoner; died at Andersonville, Ga., Aug. i, 1864; grave 4,481. Thomas Donnahue, March 7, 1865; substitute; deserted March 20, 1865. Isaac Daniels, Sept. 25, 1861; sick in hospital from Sept. i, 1862. John H. De Graw, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Oct. 18, 1862. George Danner, April 22, 1862 ; not on muster-out roll. James C. English, March 9, 1865; substitute; mustered out July 30, 1865. James Edwards, Sept. 25, 1861; absent, in hospital at Newport News, Va., since August 4, 1862. James Edmons, Sept. 25, 1861; mustered out Sept. 29, 1854. Frank Fuent, March 14, 1865; substitute. Hiram Focht, March i, 1864. John Fore, February 21, 1865; drafted; discharged May 8, 1865. Samuel Fox, Sept. 28, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. Lewis Fee, Sept. 28, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. Jacob Fisher, Sept. i, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. John Farley, March 13, 1865; substitute; de- serted May 18, 1865. Albion Gleville, March 11, 1865; substitute. James M. Gaskins, Sept. 25, 1865; absent at muster out; veteran. William Gallagher, Feb. 29, 1864; discharged by general order July 10, 1865. Joseph Gapen, Sept. 28, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, ^^ =^N- 116 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 1865. Hiram Gould, Sept. 25, 1861; not pn muster-out roll." Thomas S. Goss, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged. June 25, 1862. Justice Garret, Sept. 13, 1861; mustered out Dec. 10, 1864. George W. Hall, July 8, 1863; drafted, Jonathan Hoover, Feb. 24, 1865; drafted. John B, Hist, July 29, 1864; drafted. Daniel VV. Hunsiker, March 15, i8ss; substitute. John C. Hoyt, Sept. 25, 1861; mustered out Sept. 29, 1864. Daniel S. Haffley, Feb. 24, 1865; drafted; discharged May 8, 1865. Eli Hamilton, Sept. 24, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. James C. Higgins, March 10, 1864; discharged by general order May 22, 1865. Alexander Hanley, Sept. 25, 1861; de- serted Sept. 12, 1862. Hiram Heman, jr., Dec. 7, 1861; discharged May 12, 1862. Horace Heman, Dec. 7, 1861; deserted July 25, 1862. Henry D. Jeffords, March 9, 1865; substitute, Ebet J. Jeffords, March 9, 1864; sub- stitute. Lewis' Krebs. March 7, 1864. Dariel Keen, April 30, 1862; mustered out April 19, 1865. Samuel Keyser, Sept. 28, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. John Kern, March 13, 1865; substitute; died May 21, 1865. Philip Knight, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Feb. 17, 1862. Francis Leiberman, Feb. 23, 1865; drafted; absent at muster out. Obadiah Lockart, Aug. 29, 1864; substitute; died at City Point, Va. John Luther, Jan. 14, 1862; deserted Mar. 8, 1864; veteran. John G. Lettick, April 22, 1862; not on muster-out roll. Wells Mengos, April 12, 1864. Albert Miller, Mar. i, 1864. Reuben Mayberry, Feb. 10, 1864. John Mayer, Sept. 25, 1861; mustered out Sept. 29, 1864. Charles Merrill, Sept. 25, 1861; mustered out Sept. 29, 1864. James Miller, Feb. 24, 1865; drafted; discharged May 8, 1865. Samuel Miller, Sept. 21, 1864; substitute; discharged May 12, 1865. Jacob Myer, Sept. 24, 1S64; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865, Augustus Miller, Sept. g, 1861 ; killed in action June 30, 1864. John Maugh, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Dec. 31, 1862. John Moog, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged. Newton D. Mabre, Jan. 14, 1862; missing in action. David M'Knight, March 13, 1865; drafted. Timothy M'Carty, March 15, 1864. Harrison Newman, Sept. 28, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. John Nacey, April 22, 1862; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house May 15, 1864. William Olver, March 13, 1865; substitute. Henry O'Neil, Sepl. 25, i86i; died Sept. 3, 1862, of wounds received at Bull Run Aug. 30, 1862. Abraham Philips, March 7, 1864. Thomas A. Piper, Mar. 24, 1865; drafted; discharged May 8, 1865. H. W. H. Rhoads, Jan. 27, 1864; veteran. George Reese, March 8, 1865; substitute. Henry Ruth, March 10, 1865; substitute. Henry Rudorf, March 10, 1865; substitute. Jacob Ruble, Sept. 3, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. Gotlieb Rogler, Sept. i, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865. John Riley, March 73, 1865; substitute; deserted March 18, 1865. Peter Reedy, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Jan. 22, 1863. James B. Ross, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Feb. 4, 1863. Jacob Stinerook, March 13, 1865; substitute; mustered out with company July 30, 1865. Alexander Sheffhour, Sept. 29, 1864; substitute; discharged June 2, 1865, John Steck- ley, Feb. 29, 1864; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house May 12, 1864. Henry Sager, March 9, 1864; died at Washington, D. C. James Smith, March 13, 1865; sub- stitute; deserted March 18, 1865. William Sweeney, March 13, 1865; substitute; deserted March 20, 1865. Owen K. Smith, March 11, 1865; substitute; deserted April 9, 1865. John Slighter, March 13, 1865; substitute; deserted April 29, 1865. Philip Springer, Sept. 25, i86i; not on muster-out roll. Tonis Springer, Sept. 25, 1861; deserted Sept. 12, 1862. Peter Smith, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged Dec. 18, 1862. John N. Thomas, Sept. 25, 1861; absent at muster-out; veteran. Samuel Townsend, Sept. 25, 1861; mustered out Sept. 29, 1864. Henry F. Thrasher, Sept. 5, 1864; substitute; discharged Tune 2, T865. Charles Thirl, Sept. 25, 1861; discharged .Feb. 4, 1863. William Tallada, Dec. 7, 1861; wounded at Antietam Sept. 17, 1862; not on muster-roll. Good- rich Tallada, Jan. 14, 1862; discharged May 20, 1862. Daniel Van Pelt, Sept. 25, 1861. Jasper Vlict, Sept. 25, 1861; died Nov. 2, 1861. Henry Vanderpool, Jan. 14, 1862; not on muster-out roll. Henry D. Wismer, March 13, 1865; substitute. James West, March 2, 1865; drafted. John T. Williams, Sept. 25, 1861; mustered- out Sept. 29, 1864, Culbertson Wright, Sept. 2, 1864; substitute; discharged on surgeon's certificate June 5, 1865. George White, March 8, 1865; substitute; de- serted March 18, 1865. John Webster, March 10, 1865; substitute; deserted March 18, 1865. William Wiley, March 8, 1865; substitute; deserted April 29, 1865. Lewis Warg, Sept. 25, 1861; not on muster-out roll. Jacob Zimmerman, Sept. 9, 1861; prisoner from June 7 to Nov. 26, 1864; mustered out Jan. 30, 1865 to date Nov. 30 1864. David W. Zehner, Sept. 25, 1861; killed at Chantilly, Va., Sept. r, 1862. CHAPTER XIX. I.UZERNE IN THE CIVIL WAR HISTORY OF THE FIFTY- SECOND REGIMENT. CALL was issued by the President in July, 1861, for sixteen regiments, and under this call authority was granted by Governor Curtin, August ist, 1861, to John C. Dodge, jr., to recruit this regiment. John C. Dodge, jr., of Lycoming county, was appointed colonel; Henry M. Hoyt, of Luzerne county (now governor of the State), lieutenant colonel;- and John B. Conyngham, also of Luzerne county, major. The rendezvous of the regiment was Camp Curtin, near Harrisburg. November 8th, 1861, the regiment proceeded to Wash- ington. It remained there, engaged in drill and camp duty, till the 28th of March, 1862, when it was ordered to take the field. During this time it furnished ten vol- unteers for gunboat service at the West, most of whom were subsequently killed by an explosion. On taking the field it was assigned to the ist brigade, 3d division and 4th corps. It marched to Alexandria, and thence went by transports to Newport News, where it debarked; and soon afterwards it encamped near Yorktown, where the siege was in progress. As the regi- ment marched to take possession of the deserted works on the 4th of May a torpedo exploded under Company F, killing one man and wounding six others. From Yorktown it moved forward with its brigade to Williamsburg, where it arrived just in time to support Hancock in his gallant charge, which resulted in drivin"' the enemy from the field. The regiment arrived with its brigade at the Chickahominy on the 20th of May. On the 24th it went on a reconnoisance toward Richmond, ^h <^ *^h A, MOVEMENTS OF THE FIFTY-SECOND REGIMENT— ITS OFFICERS. 117 which lasted four days, and in the course of which a lively engagement occurred. In this reconnoisance a company of sharpshooters which had been selected from the regiment did excellent service. The regiment was engaged in the battle of Fair Oaks, which occurred on the 31st of May, and out of 249 lost 125 killed and wounded, and four prisoners. Among the wounded ofificers were Captains Davis, Lennard and Chamberlain, and Lieutenants Weidensaul and Carskaden. While the battle at Gaines's Mill was in progress, the 52nd, with other regiments of the brigade, was guarding the bridge across the Chickahominy; the men were often standing waist deep in the water of the swamp, and this duty continued during several consecutive days. Soon afterward the regiment retired with the army to Harrison's Landing, and on the 20th of August to Yorktown, where circumstances detained the brigade to which it was at- tached while a large part of the army went to the support of General Pope. While occupying the fortifications at Yorktown the men were drilled in heavy artillery tactics. In December the 5 2nd, with other troops, went to Beau- fort, and thence in the latter part of January, 1863, to Port Royal, S. C. From there in April, 1863, it went on a transport up the North Edisto, to co-operate in an at- tack on the city of Charleston. The attack failed, and the regiment, after drifting among the Sea islands some days and passing an uncomfortable night at sea, landed at Beaufort. On the nth of July it moved to Folly island, and on the 9th went up the Stono river with an- other regiment to make a diversion in favor of the attack on Morris island. It landed at James island at mid- night, and in the morning attacked and drove in the pickets and cavalry of the enemy. The rebel force on the island was reinforced, and on the i6th an attack was made by the enemy. On the night of the 17th the island was evacuated, and the 5 2nd returned to Folly island. The regiment participated in the siege of Fort Wagner during the perilous forty or fifty days that it lasted; when preparations were made for the final assault. It was formed ready to pass the fort and attack Fort Gregg, when intelligence was received that the works and the island were evacuated. During the operations against this fort the regiment suffered severely, but no exact record of its casualties can be given. In December many of the men in the regiment re-en- listed, and were granted a veteran furlough. When they returned the regiment was recruited to the maximum and newly armed and equipped. It remained at Hilton Head till the 20th of May, 1864, daring which time it made occasional expeditions among the Sea islands. On the morning of the 4th of July the duty of sur- prising and taking Fort Johnson in the badly planned at- tempt on the rebel works at Charleston harbor was as- signed to the 52nd. Accordingly, just at daybreak, one hundred and twenty-five men, under the command of Colonel Hoyt, landed, took a two-gun battery, rushed for- ward, scaled the parapet of the fort and entered the works. Failing to receive the support which they expect- ed, they were overpowered by superior numbers and made prisoners. Seven of the assaulting party were killed and sixteen wounded. Of the balance, who were made prisoners, upwards of fifty died at Andersonville and Columbia, and the ofificers, after a period of confine- ment at Macon, were transferred to Charleston and placed under the fire of the Union batteries on Morris island. During the summer and autumn of 1864 the balance of the regiment was on Morris island, where the men did duty as heavy artillery. During the winter of 1864-5 ih^y ^^re engaged in picketing the harbor in boats; a duty that was anything but enviable by reason of the exposures and -hardships which it involved. February i8th, 1865, a boat crew under the command of Major Hennesy rowed across the harbor and landed near Fort Sumter. All was silent, and as the party cautiously entered the ruins they were not challenged. The fort was deserted, and they un- furled over it the flag of the 52nd regiment. The party at once proceeded to the city, which they entered before the last of the rebel soldiers had evacuated it. Captain R. W. Bannahan, of Tunkhannock, and Lieu- tenant T. M. Burr, of Meshoppen, were of this party. The former was left in command of the party that gar- risoned the fort. The regiment joined the army of General Sherman as it marched north after crossing Georgia, and was with him when the rebel General Johnston surrendered. A week later it returned to Harrisburg, where on the 12th of July, 1865, it was mustered out the service. The 52nd was composed of men who entered the ser- vice for three years. Those who remained in the regiment to the close of the war were mustered out July 12th, 1865, except members of Company A, who were mustered out three days later. Where a date immediately follows the name of a man in the subjoined list, it is the date of his being mustered in. Companies A, H and I were recruited in Luzerne county, the first at Wilkes-Barre; Company B in Wyoming county; Company F in Luzerne and Brad- ford, and Company K in Luzerne and Schuylkill. FIELD AND STAKF OFFICF.RS. Coloneh. — John C. Dodge, jr., Aug. i, '61; resigned Nov. s, '63. Henry M. Hoyt, Aug. 14, '61; promoted from lieutenant colonel to colonel Jan. 9, '64; brevet brigadier general March 13, '65; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Lieutenant Coloneh. — John B. Conyngham, Sept. 28, '61; promoted from major to lieutenant colonel Jan. 9, 64; colonel June 3, '65. John A. Hennessey, Dec. 2; pro- moted from captain Company K to major Jan. 5, '65; lieutenant colonel June 3d, '65; brevet colonel and briga- dier general March 13, '65. Majors. — Thomas B. Jayne, Oct. 11, '61; promoted from captain Company B to major Jan. 9, '64; mustered out Nov. s, '64. George R. Lennard, August 16, '61; promoted from captain Company A to major July 9, '65. Adjutants. — Natlianiel Pierson, August 15, '61; pro- moted to captain Company G May 19, '63. George H. Sterling, Oct. 11, '61; promoted from sergeant major to adjutant May 19, '63; transferred to Company K Oct. 10, '64. Henry A. Mott, Oct. 2, '61; promoted from first lieutenant Company K to adjutant Sept. r, '64; captain Company K Dec. 6, '64; not mustered. *^^ -K^ ^^ =HH HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Quartermasters. — Cliarles F. Dndge, Aug. i, '6i; re- signed July 4, '63. Charles P. Ross, August 15, '61; promoted from commissary sergeant to first lieutenant and R. Q. M. August 10, '63; mustered out Feb. 25, '65. John W. Gilchrist, Aug. 16, '61; promoted from first lieutenant Company A Feb. 26, '65; commissioned captain Company A March i, '65; not mustered. Siirgeo/is. — William S. Woods, Sept. 7, '61; resigned April 20, '63. J. B. Crawford, May i, '63; resigned May 30, '64; John Flowers, Dec. 15, '63; promoted from assistant surgeon to surgeon March 23, '65. Assistant Surgeons. — John G. M'Candless, Oct. 15, '61; resigned July 21, '62. Charles H. Dana, August 4, '62; resigned October 12, '63, Rufus Sargent, July 31, '62; resigned March 13, '64. Jonas H. Kauffman, May 31- '64- Chaplains. — John H. Drum, Sept. 28, '61; resigned Aug. I, '62. William H. Gavitt, Sept. 28, '63. Sergeant Majors. — Henry N. Sterling, Oct. ri, '6r; promoted from sergeant Company B Nov. 5, '61; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate May ir, '62. George H. Sterling, Oct. 11, '61; promoted from sergeant Com- pany B Nov. 14, '62, to first lieutenant and adjutant May 19, '63. Edward W. Tracy, Aug. 16, '61; pro- moted from sergeant Company A Dec. 20, '6^,; second lieutenant Nov. 4, '64, and first lieutenant Mar. i, '65; not mustered; veteran. Quarternmster Sergeants. — Frank C. Bunnell, Sept. 20, '61; promoted from private Company B Mar. i, '62; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate April 2, '63. Smith B. Mott, Nov. 4, '61; promoted from sergeant Company K Nov. 5, "'64; quartermaster Mar. i, '65; not mustered; veteran. Conunissary Sergeants. — Charles P. Ross, Aug. 15, '61; promoted from private Company H Nov. 5, '61, to regimental quartermaster Aug. 10, '63. Linton T. Rob- erts, Nov. 4, '61; promoted from sergeant Company H Aug. 10, '63; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Peter B. Walter, Nov. 4, '61; promoted from sergeant Company H Nov, 5, '64; veteran. Hospital Steward. — Peter Alldred, Oct. ir, '61; veteran. Principal Musicians. — Allen M. Haight, Oct. 29, '61; promoted from musician Company E Aug. 26, '64; mus- tered out Nov. 5, '64. Albert N. Barney, Oct. 24, '61; promoted from musician Company F July 4, '64; veteran. Peter J. Moreland, Nov. 4, '63; drafted; promoted from Company E Nov. 5, '64. COMPANY A. Officers. — Captain, George R. Lennard, Aug. 16, '61; resigned Sept. 23, '62; recommissioned Mar. 30, '63; promoted major July 9, '65. First lieutenants — Edwin W. Finch, August 16, '61; resigned July 21, '62. John W. Gilchrist, August i6, '61; promoted from second to first lieutenant July 21, '62; quartermaster February 26, '65. Second lieutenants — Reuben H. Waters, August 16, '61; promoted from first sergeant to second lieu- tenant July 21, '62; first lieutenant Nov. 4, '64; not mustered; discharged by special order Feb. i, '65. Philip G. Killian, Aug^ 29, '61; promoted from corporal to first sergeant Nov. 6, '64; second lieutenant June 3, '65; mustered out with company July 15, '65; veterim. First sergeant, John S. Linn, Sept. 2, '61; promoted from corporal to sergeant Sept. i, '62; to first sergeant Sept. 15, '64; mustered out Nov. 5, '64; expiration of term. Sergeants — Thomas W. Aregood, Sept. 24, '61; promoted from corporal to sergeant Nov. 6, '64; mustered out with company July 15, '65; veteran. Daniel H. Harrison, Sept. 21, '61; captured July 3, '64; veteran. Daniel W. Holby, Sept. 21, '61; veteran! Peter Allabach, Sept. 2, '6(>\ promoted from corporal to sergeant June 25, '65; veteran. Edward W. Tracy, August 16, '61; promoted sergeant major Dec. 20, '(>i. Irwin E. Finch, Aug. 16, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Corporals — Thomas Ray, August 20, '6i; promoted cor- poral June 25, '65; veteran. Philip Boyle, Aug. 29, '61; promoted corporal Nov. 6, '64; veteran. Henry S. Mash, Sept. 16, '61; promoted corporal Nov. 6, '64; veteran. Loren D. Rozell, Sept, 7, '61; promoted cor- poral Nov. 6, '64; veteran. Ezra O. West, Sept. 23, '61; promoted corporal Nov. 6, '64; veteran. Freemon Souder, August 28, '61; promoted corporal May i, '65; veteran. John R. Wiley, Sept. 9, '61; promoted corporal May i, '65; veteran. Solomon W. Taylor, Oct. 14, '61; veteran. Frank Gallagher, Sept. 21, '61; captured; died at Florence, S. C, Oct. 15, '64. John Scott, Sept. 6, '61; mustered out Nov. 6, '64. Musician, Gilbert G. Parker, Sept. 10, '6r; discharged on surgeon's certificate, Mar. 18, '(>t,. Privates. — Sidney Albert, Oct. 8, '61; veteran. Ed- ward AV. Allabach, Oct. 9, '61; discharged Aug. i, '62, for wounds received at Seven Pines, Ya., May 24, '62. Wellington Ager, Oct. 9, '61; killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Abraham Barber, Sept. 17, '62; discharged by general order Aug. 7, '65. David Barber, Feb. 13, '65. John Brown, October 15, '63; drafted. Jame.s Brown, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. Patrick Bennett, Oct. 29, '63; drafted; deserted June 8, '64. Henry Barnes, Sept. 2, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Martin V. Barber, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Sept. 21, '62. William G. Burke, Oct. 9, '61; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate July 20, '63. Charles A. Briggs, Oct. 9, '61; died at Washington, D. C, Jan. 21, '62. Lewis Blackman, Oct. 23, '61; deserted June I, '62. Francis E. Carman, Sept. 9, '61; veteran. Thomas Cassiday, Sept. 23, '63; drafted. Stephen Cil- fris, Sept. 23, 1863; drafted. William Cilfris, Sept. 21, '63; drafted. Frank Cilfris, Jan. 23, '65. Hamilton H. Carey, Sept. 25, '62; discharged by general order June 25, 1865. George B. Carey, September 17, '61; mustered out November 5, '64. William Castello, Sept. 24, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Robert Clark, Nov. 10, 'dy, drafted; transferred to U. S. Navy June 8, '64. Lewis Cilfris, Sept. 23, '63 ; drafted; died at Morris Island, S. C, Nov. 13, '64. James Countryman, Sept. 28, '63; drafted: died at Morris Island, S. C, Nov. 24, '64. Searight Conner, Oct. 9, i86i; deserted Mar. 25, '62. A. M. Dalloway, Mar. 3, '65. William T. Delzell, Sept. 23, '63 ; drafted. Benjamin F. Dunn, Nov. 4, '63; drafted. George S. Dash, Mar. 14, '64. Frederick H. Ducel, Mar. 11, 1864. John F. Davis, Mar. 22, '64; never joined com- pany. Charles G. Dilts, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on sur- geon's certificate Oct. 29, '63. Elias Davis, Oct. 9, 1861; discharged on surgeon's certificate May 25, 'd^. Charles M. Dodson, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on sur- geon's certificate Sept. 4, '62. Samuel Everett, Oct. 15, '63; drafted. Nelson S. Eveland, Sept. 2, '61; dis- charged by general order June 21, '65; veteran. James Eddy, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Feb. 26, '62. Jacob Frace, Oct. 24, '62; absent, sick, at muster out. William Frace, Mar. 18, '64. George H. Frace, Mar. 11, '64. William H. Frace, Mar. 18, '64; discharged by general order June 8, '65. Thomas H. Farrell, Oct. 9, '6t; discharged on writ of habeas corpus, Oct. 10, '61; minor. John Frace, Oct. 9, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Dec. 26, '64; veteran. George Greenwalt, Mar. 14, '64. Charles M. Greenwalt, Feb. 23, '64. George Gerringer, Oct. 12, '63. John Gaven, Sept. 9, '61; veteran. Frederick Grumm, Oct. 14, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Prentis Gavitt, Sept. 10, '61; ^¥ <¥ ^h COMPANIES A AND B, FIFTY-SECOND REGIMENT. 119 died Nov. 17, '61. John Gillmore, Oct. 15, '63; drafted; died at Morris Island, S. C, June 28, '64. John Griffin, Oct. 9, '61; deserted Aug. 16, '62. John Huntsman, Oct. 8, '61; veteran. Henry Hopes, Nov. 9, '63; drafted. William Home, Nov, 6, '63; drafted. William Hypher, Nov. 6, '63; drafted. Joseph A. Harter, Mar. 14, '64. Michael Halpin. Sept. ti, '62; discharged June 13, '65. William Huff, Sept. 26, '61; discharged June 25, '65. Nelson B. Hedden, Aug. 27, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Jacob Hess, Aug. 27, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Thomas Haley, Aug. 20, '6r; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Arthur B. Hedden, Oct. g, '61; discharged Sept. 22, '62, for wounds received at Fair Oaks, Va., May 3:, '62. Jo- seph Housel, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on surgeon's certi- ficate Sept. 18, '62. Thomas Hoover, Oct. 9, '61; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate Aug. 11, '62. Henry Harrington, Oct. 9, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps, Nov. 15, '63. Edward J. Hudson, Aug. 16, '64; died at Hilton Head, S. C, Jan. 19, '65. Samuel W. Hess, Oct. 9, '61; died at Washington, D. C, Dec. 28,'6[. Reuben Hoffman, Oct. 9, '61; died June 9, '62; buried at Annapolis, Md. John S.Jenkins, Apr. 7, '62; mus- tered out May 5, '65. Robert Jenkins, Oct. 23, '61; dis- charged Sept. 30, '62, for wounds received at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. Thomas J. Jenkins, Oct. 9, '61; died July, '64, of wounds received at Fort Johnson, S. C, July 3, '64. 'I'homas Killian, Mar. 7, '65. Michael Keef, Aug. 16, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Benjamin Krother, Oct. 9, '61; discharged Sept. 26, '62, for wounds received at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. James Kitchen, Oct. 9, '61; died at Washington, D. C, Dec. 6, '61. Daniel Learch, Oct. 15, '63: drafted. Francis S. Lope, Oct. 15, '63; drafted. Thomas G. Litts, Sept. 2, '63; drafted; discharged June 28, '65. Martin P. Lutz, Oct. g, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Dec. 3, '62. Frederick Laubach, Oct. g, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Oct. 27, '62. Patrick Lynch, Sept. 17, '61; deserted Sept. 24, '61. Chester B. Monega, Oct. 7, '61; veteran. John Miller, Sept. 24; '63; drafted. Nelson P. Morgan, Sept. 23, '63; drafted. John F. Mahler, Mar. 22, '64. Albert J. Meeker, Mar. 31, '64. Freeman Mock, Mar. 22, '64. J. A. Megargal, Oct. 17, '64. William Millham, Mar. 28, '62; mustered out May 5, '65. Reeder D. Myers, Aug. 2g, '6j; captured July 3, '64; died at Andersonville, Ga., Dec. 22, '64. Jonas Miller, Sept. 5, '61; mustered out Nov. s, '64. William R. Mott, Sept. g, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Michael Mulrey, Oct. 8, '61; prisoner from July 3, to Dec. i, '64; mustered out Mar. i, '65, to date Dec. 5, '64. Nicholas Miller, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Sept. 18, '62. Joseph P. Murray, Oct. g, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Nov. ], '61. Ambrose Myers, Oct. g, '61; died at Baltimore, Md., June 22, '62. Charles W. Marks, Sept. 23, '63; drafted; deserted June 8, '64. Thomas M'Garle, Oct. 8, '61; vet- eran. John R. M'Cool, Nov. 7, '63; drafted. Thomas M'Cann, Oct. 9,'6 1 ; discharged on surgeon's certificate May 9, '6^. Franklin M'Bride, Oct. g, '61; discharged on sur- geon's certificate Jan. 15, '62. Thomas M'Cormick, Oct. g, '61; deserted Aug. 16, '62. Christian Orts, Sept. 18, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Eliflet Orts, Sept. 16, '61; died at Hilton Head, S. C, Mar. 15, '64; veteran. George S. Pierce, Mar. 21, '64. James M. Petty, Feb. 23, '64. William Payne, Feb. 23, '64. John H. Palmer, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Aug. 31, '62. Abraham D. Patterson, Oct. g,'6i ; discharged on surgeon's certificate June 2, '63. Edward Rogers. Nov. 6, '63; drafted. Samuel Roberts, Oct. 17, '61; veteran. George Race, Apr. 9, '64. Patrick Riter, Sept. 24, 63; drafted. George W. Russell, Mar. 7, '65. Wil- liam Renshaw, Oct. 10, '62; discharged on surgeon's certificate Mar. 17, '65. David M. Reese, Sept. 2, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Charles S. Rainow, Sept. 17, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. James Russell, Sept. 2, '6[; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. George W. Runer, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Oct. 21, '6r. Jacob Smith, Nov. 2, '61; drafted. George ^V. Smith, Nov. 4, '63; drafted; absent in parole camp at muster out. Earnest Smith, July 15, '63; drafted. John A. Stiers, Oct. 17, '63; drafted.. .Moses Souder, Mar. 21, '64. Peter Swartwood, Mar. 31, '64. Wash- ington St. Clair, Aug. 29, '64; discharged June 25, '65. John Seely, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on surgeon's cer- tificate Aug. II, '62. Williain Simmons, Sept. 16, '61; discharged June 15, '65, to accept promotion in 104th U. S. colored troops. Abraham St. Clair, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on sugeon's certificate July 15, '62. Bern- Bernard P. Smith, Oct. g, '61; discharged Aug. 14, '62, for wounds received at Fair Oaks, Va., May 18, '62. Joseph T. Stach, Oct. g, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate Aug. 11, '62. Robert M Stephens, Aug. 28, '61; transferred to 12th N. Y. artillery A])ril 9, '62. Matthew Smith, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy June 8, '64. William Smith, Oct. g, '63; John F. Thomas, Sept. 9, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. David W. Turner, Aug. 28, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John M. Taylor, May 5, '62; mustered out May 25, '65. Patrick Tahan, Oct. 9, '6t; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate Feb. 26, '62. Robert Troup, Oct. 9, '61; discharged on surgeon's certificate June 14, '63. Thomas Timms, Sept. 16, '61; dis- charged Sept. 21, '61. Shadrack Vanhorn, Oct. 9, '61; died at Harveyville, Luzerne county. Pa., April 17, '62. William Ward, Aug, 16, '64; discharged June 30, '65; William S. Withers, Oct. g, '61; discharged on writ of habeas corpus Oct. 10, '61; minor. Lewis Whitaker, Oct. 23, '61; discharged on surgeon's certifi- cate April 20, '61. Thomas AVilliams, Nov. 4, '63; drafted ; deserted March 17, '65. Augustus Weeks, Oct. g, '61; deserted October 30, '61. Fletcher D. Yaple, Oct. g, '61; promoted to hospital steward U. S. A. May g, '63. COMPANY B. Most of the members of this company were mustered in on the nth of October, 1861, and that date will be understood when no other is given. Officers. — Captains — Thomas B.Jones; ]iromoted major January g, '64. R. W. Bannatyne; promoted from first sergeant to second lieutenant Sept. 27, '62; to first lieu- tenant March 31, '63; capt. Jan. 9, '64. ist lieuts. — Charles Russell; resigned Oct. 29, '62. Norman P. Farr, promoted from corp. to sergt.; 2nd lieut. June 13. '63; ist lieut. Jan. 9, '64. 2nd lieuts. — Joseph L. Bender; resigned Feb. 26, '62. Philo M. Burr; promoted from ist sergt. to 2d lieut. Jan. g, '64; capt. company C June I, '65; not mustered, ist sergt., William J. Vaughn; com- missioned 2nd lieut. June i, '65; not mustered; veteran. Sergts. — H. W. Robinson; veteran. Henry D. Kasson; promoted from corp. to sergt. Nov. 6, '64; veteran. Oscar P. Hulbert; promoted from corp. to sergt. Nov. 6, '64; vet. Alden M. Wilson; promoted from corp. to sergt. Nov. 6, '64. Wesley Billings; promoted from corp. to sergt. April ig, '62; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Joseph Shannon; promoted from corp. to sergt. Dec. i, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. Harry B. Brown; pro- inoted from corp. to sergt. Jan. g, '64; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Jerome T. Furman; promoted 2nd lieut. ist regiment S. C. C. T. Aug. 29, '63. Alva Fascetl; discharged Aug. 11, '62, from wounds received in action. George D. Lott; promoted sergt. April ig, '62; discharg- ed Sept. 22, '62, from wounds received at Fair Oaks May *k¥ <^ 4, HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 31, '62. Henry N. Sterling; promoted sergt. maj. Nov. 5, '61. George H. Sterling; promoted sergt. maj. Nov. 14, '62. Frank C. Bunnell, Sept. 20, '6r; promoted Q. sergt. March i, 62, Corporals— Ciilb't B. Robinson, Feb. 29, '64; veteran. Thomas W. Evans; veteran. Nelson N. Moody; promoted corp. Nov. 6, '64; vet. Abel A. Carter, Feb. 29, '64; promoted corp Nov. 6, '64; vet. William H. Kishbaugh; promoted corp. Nov. 6, '64; vet. Edwin A. Dewolf; promoted corp. Nov. 6, '64; vet. Daniel C. Low, Feb. 29, '6,4; promoted corp. Nov. 6, 64; vet. Levi F. Drake, Feb 29, '64; promoted corp. Nov. 6, '64; vet. George W. Jayne; promoted corp. Aug. '62; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. George L. Kennard; promoted corp. Jan. 19, '64; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. James P. K. Wilson; promoted corp. Aug. i, '62; iTiustered out Nov. S, '64. Allen E. Fassett; promoted corp. Nov. 19, '61; discharged on surg's certificate May ig, '62. Jacob A. Cook; killed at Fair Oaks, Va., May 19, '62. Ammond Hatfield; died at Yorktown, A'a., May 31, '62. Theo- dore Barton; killed at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. Musician, Benjamin Bullock; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Sept, 24, '62. Privates. — Augustus Ashton, Feb. 24, '65. Nelson B. Allen, Sept. 16, '62; discharged by general order June 24, '65. Elisha K. Adams; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Oscar R. Adams; absent, sick at muster out. Gilbert B. Adams; Mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Thomas Adams; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Seril A. Adams; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Peter Alldred; promoted hosp. st. April 30, '64; vet. Daniel Adams, Mar. 23, 64; died at Hilton Head, S. C, June 7, '64, Chand. N. Burgess; vet. Benjamin Baker, Sept. 23, '63; drafted. Hiram Brink, Sept. 23, 'dy, drafted. William A. Bates, Sept. 12, '62; discharged on surg's certificate June 4, '63. Thaddeus F. BuUard, Sept. 12, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 27, '62. Jonathan Brewer, Sept. 16, '62; discharged June 2, '65. Richard D. Bird, Sept. 16, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 31, '62. William S. Beebe, Aug. 16, '64; discharged June 24, '65. Solomon Burke, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 24, 65. Edwin Robin- son, jr.; absent on detached duty at muster out. Frank M. Buck; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. William Craft, July 24, '63; drafted. Richard Cook, Feb. 24, '65. Isaac V. Cooper, March 7, '65. Nathan Colb, Sept. 24, 'dy, draft- ed. Thomas Crompton, Sept. 16, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 12, '(>t,. John L. Cole, Sept. 16, '62; discharged June 24, '65. Martin H. Conger, Sept. 16, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 12, dT,. Alanson Carrier, Aug. i, '64; discharged June 24, '65. Michael Cover, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 24, '65. James Cleary; transferred to Fitch's N. Y. battery July 25, '62. Clanson L. Cool; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. n, '63. Philip H. Cole, Mar, 7, '64; died at Morris island, S. C, Nov. 23, '64. John J. Colberson, Sept. 24, 'dy drafted; died at Morris island Nov. 23, '64. Nathaniel F. Dickinson; veteran. Charles L. Dood, July 24, '63; drafted. AVinfield S. Davis, Jan. 24, '65. Richard Davis, 'Ja"- 19, '65- Morgan Deiner, Sept. 28, 'dy drafted; discharged June 24, '65. C. M. Eggleston, March 8, '64. Miles East- man; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Earl Ellis; dis- charged Feb. 12, '63, from wounds received in action. Thomas Ellis, transferred to 5th U, S. artillery, '62. Miner Ellis, deserted May 4, '62. Wm. H. Furman, mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John C. Fraley, mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Ebenezer Fisk, discharged on surgeon's certificate Nov. 5, '61. Asa H. Frear, discharged on sur- geon's certificate Sept, 9, '63. Nelson Finney, discharged on surgeon's certificate May 19, '62. Henry Ferris, died Dec. 25, '61. Levi L, Ferris, killed at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. Thomas Grififith, Feb. 25, '65. John G. Gilmartin, Oct. 29, 'dy drafted. George H. Gaylord, Sept. 16, '62; discharged on surgeon's certificate March 10, '63. William H. Gavitt, Sept. 28, '63; drafted; pro- moted chaplain May 21, 64. James W. Gavitt, Aug. 24, '64; discharged June 24, '65. Aaron D. Grow, dis- charged on surgeon's certificate Jan. 11, '63. Daniel Graves, died at Yorktown, Va., June 10, '62. Jude Goodale, deserted Oct. i, '62. George W. Graham, Nov. 9, 'dy drafted; deserted June 17, '64. N. Hilderbrand, Mar. 31, '64. Adam Heller, Nov. 7, 'dy drafted. Jos. Hendrickson, Sept. 24, 'dy drafted. Charles Hile, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. James Hoagland, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. John B. Heller, Sept. 28, 'dy drafted; dis- charged June 24, '65. Lewis Hautz, Aug. 20, '62; dis- charged June 24, '65. Miles Hadsall, discharged on sur- geon's certificate April 16, '63. Alonzo Hart, discharged on surgeon's certificate Feb. 25, '62. DeWitt Haynes, died June 5, '62, from wounds received at Seven Pines May 24, '62. Charles Hunsinger, died at Beaufort, S. C, Dec. 19, 'dT,. Nathaniel Josling, Mar. 14, '64. Jonathan Jones, veteran. William Joes, Aug. 21, '62; discharged June 24, '65. John C. Jaynes, Sept. 16, '62; discharged June 24, '65. Harman M. Jaynes, Sept. '16, 62; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate Jan. 11, 63. Judson W. Jaynes; discharged on siirg. certificate Sept. 27, '63. Albert Jennings; discharged Sept. i, '62, for wounds received in action. John M. Johnston; discharged on surg. certifi,cate Aug. 1, '63. Nelson Kresse, Nov. 2, '63; drafted. Jacob Kale, Sept. 21, '73; drafted. Levi R. Kisler, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. Lew Keller, Sept. 25, '63; drafted. Gustavus A. Kerlin, Feb. 24, '65. Darius Knappin; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Charles Living- ston, Sept. 24, '63. drafted; discharged July 7, '65. George Lock, Sept. 25, '63; drafted. Charles O. Light, Aug. 15, '64; discharged Aug. 26, '65. George M. Lull, Mar. S, '62; discharged on surg. certificate Mar. 30, '65. Anson Lathrop, Mar. 28, '62; discharged June 9, '65. Jared Lillie, Aug. 27, '64; discharged June 24, '65. George L. Low; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Delaven Leroy; dis- charged on surg. certificate Feb. 12, '63. Jacob C. Max- well, Aug, 29, '64. Myron Maxwell, Mar. 9, '64. Philip Miller, Mar. 15, '65. Uriah H. Mourey, Aug. i, '64; dis- charged June 24, '65. Joseph B. Maxwell; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John D. Maxwell; mustered out Nov. S, '64. John F. Miller; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. George S. Martin; discharged on surg. certificate Sept. 26, '62. William B. Morgan, Mar. 24, '64; died at Morris island, S. C, Dec. 26, '64. Joab M'Garr, Aug. 27, '62; dis- charged on surg, certificate Dec. 27, '62. Roland Nease, Nov. 2, '63; drafted. Calvin G. Newman, Feb. 24, '65. John P. Orchard, Feb. 24, '65. Samuel K. Osborn, Feb. 19, '62; discharged on surg's certificate June 4, '63. Paul J. Overfield; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. George AV. Oliver; absent, sick, at muster out. Charles A. Oliver; died June 11, '62, from wounds re- ceived at Fair Oaks, Va,, May 31, '62. Joseph Ogden, IVIar. 28, '64; died at Morris Island, S. C, June 27, '64. Silas H. Pierson, Sept. 20, '62. Edward Place; mus- tered out Nov. 5, '64. William Pnewraan, Sept. 22, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 15, '65. John H. Riker, Mar. 14, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Henry Rhoads, Mar. 14, '65. Abrim Rinker; mustered out Nov. s, '64. Wilson Russell; discharged on surg. drafted. John O. Shingler, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. Joel B. Sherwood, Mar. 8, '64. Michael SliKer, Jan. 24, '65. Edward G. Sterling. Sept. 16, '62; discharged June 24, '65. Edward B. Sturdevant, Sept. 16, '62; discharged June 24, '63. Josiah Sterling, Mar. 7, '64; discharged J, <¥r « '('3- Peter Klausen, Sept. 23, '63; drafted; captured; died at Florence, S. C, Oct. 4, '64. Wm. Linderman, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; captured July 3, '64; returned May 14, '65. David Lake, July 24, '63; drafted; cap- tured July 3, '64. James K. Lunger, March 14, '64; drafted; captured July 3, '64; returned May 14, '65. William Love, April 13, '64. Burton Luther, captured July 3, '63; absent at muster out. Hiram Lathrop, dis- charged on surgeon's certificate Oct. 8, '62. M\ron La- throp, discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 28, '68. Sylvester Moyars, Mar. 22, '64. Mile Moyers, Mar. 22, '64; captured July 3, '64. Nelson Ming, Mar. 21, '64. Newell M. Mattison, discharged on surg's certificate April 19, '62. John Murphy. Oct. 24, '64; discharged on surg's certificate, April 6, '64. Royal Morton, dis- charged on surg's certificate Feb. 27, '63. John Mil- ler, Sept. 26, 63; drafted; died July 10, '64, at Charles- ton, S. C, of wounds received at Fort Johnson, S. C, July 3, '64. Edwin S. Murdock, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; died at Annapolis, Md., April 11, '65. John M'Clerkin, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. William M. M 'Donald, Sept. 24, '6^; drafted; captured July 3, '64. William Newman, Sept. 25, '63; drafted; captured July 3, '64. Svlvanus Nicholas, prisoner from July 3 to Dec. 10, '64; mustered out Dec. 16, '64. Solomon Nelson, died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 15, 62. John O'Neil, Sept. 24, '64; drafted; deserted June 3, '64. Jesse Foley, June 22, '63; drafted. Alfred Parson.s, Sept. 24, '64; drafted. Daniel B. Pal- mer, Sept. 29, '64: discharged June 4, '65. Jacob A. Palmer, captured; died at Florence, S. C., Nov., '64; vet- eran. Clarence Piatt, discharged on writ of haheas corpus. Isaac T. Pelham, discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 21, '(i2,. Martin G. Palmer, discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 2, '63. John Pruyne, killed at Lee's Mills, Va., May 4, '62. James Riley, Sept. 25, 63; drafted; captured July 3, '65; absent at muster out. Nicholas Raber, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; captured July 3, '64; discharged by general order July 18, '65. L. E. Richardson, Feb. 16, '65. John Smith, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; captured July 3, '64. Thomas Smith, Oct. 26, '63; drafted. Henry Schopback, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. Josiah Stout, July 22, '63, drafted; died at Harrisburg, Pa., Aug. 2, '65! Frederick Slagle, July 24, '63; drafted. Thomas H. Shaw, Oct. 29, '63; drafted; captured July 3, '64. James B. Spencer, Feb. 16, '65; absent, sick, at muster out. D. G. Sturdevant, mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Andrew Singer, mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Benjamin F. Sayer, Oct. 30' '(jy, drafted; discharged on surg's certificate May 31, 65. Peter Shaffer, Sept. 23, '63; drafted; cap- tured; died at Andersonville, Ga., April 28, '64. John L. Shove; discharged on surg's certificate June 16, '62. Benjamin L Towne, March 17, '64. Edwin Thatcher' Feb. 16, '65. Thomas Tinglebaugh; discharged on surg's certificate June 4, '62. James Tattersall; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 13, '62. John Tamm, Sept. 24, "dy, drafted; died at Morris island, S. C, June 26, '64. George W. Tamm; died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 4, '62. James H. Westcott, Oct. 28, '63; drafted. Louis Werner, Nov. II, '63; drafted. Orlando Watrous, Feb. 16, '65! Henry Whitney, Feb. 17, '65. Benjamin S. Welter, Feb! 17, '65. John S. White; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Richard Wolley; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Samuel A. Warner; died at Annapolis, Md., December 11, '64! Charles Williams, Sept. 23, '63; died at Germantown, Pa., Dec. 24. '64. William Walker; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Feb. 16, '63. Nathan K. White; discharged on surg's certificate June i, '63. Robert O. Wilson; dis" charged on surg's certificate, Jan. 23, '63. D. T. White- bead; died at Newport News, V-a., April 20, '62. Frank Yeager, Sept, 24, '63; drafted; captured July 3, '64; ab- sent at muster out. COMPANY H. Officers. — Captains — Erwin R. Peckens, Aug. 22, '61; resigned April 28, '63. John B. Fish, Aug. 31, '61; pro- moted from ist lieut. to capt. July i, '63; mustered out Jan. 27, '65. C. C. Brattenberg, Nov. 4, '61; promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. June 3, '64; ist lieut. June 3, '65; capt. June 24, '65; veteran, ist lieut., James G. Stevens, Sept. 19, '61; promoted from 2nd to ist lieut. Nov. 13, '63; captured July 3, '64; died at Blakley, Luzerne county, Pa., April 7, '65. 2nd lieut., David Wigton, Nov. 4, '6i; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Nov. 13, '63; resigned March 23, '64. ist sergts. — Joseph R. Roberts, Nov. 4, '61; promoted from sergt. to ist sergt. Nov. 5, '64; commissioned 2nd lieut. March 26, '65, and ist lieut. June 5, '65; not mustered; veteran. Joseph Bell, Nov. 4, '61; promoted Corp. Jan. 1 1, '62; sergt. Aug. 5, '62; ist sergt. June 3, '64; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Sergts. — William W. Archer, Nov. 4, '61; commissioned 2nd lieut. June 4, '65; not mustered; veteran. Abram C. Greiner, Nov. 4, '61; pro- moted from corp. to sergt. Nov. 5, '64; veteran. Moses D. Fuller, Nov. '61; promoted from corp. to sergt. Nov. S, '64; veteran. Enos Boynton, Oct. 24, '65; promoted corp. June 3, '64; sergt. Nov. 5, '64; mustered out with company, July 12, '65. George W. Wilder, Nov. 4 '61; promoted from corp. to sergt. Jan. i, '63: mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Reese Williams, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate, July 18, '62. Chauncey W. Watt, No\'. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate, Nov. 9, '62. Peter B. Walter, Nov. 4, '61; promoted com. sergt. Nov. 5, '64; veteran. Linton T. Roberts, Nov. 4, '61; promoted com. sergt. Aug. 10, '63. Corps.— John A. Stoddard, Oct. 25, '62; promoted corp. Nov. 5, '64. Levi K. Kauffman, Nov. 6, '63; drafted; promoted corp. Nov. 5, '64. James E. Albree, Nov. 9, 'dy, drafted; promoted corp. Nov. 5, '64. David Gerhard, Nov. 7, 'dy drafted; promoted corp. Nov. 5, '64. Charles Wagner, July 28, '63; drafted; promoted corp. March i," '65. John L. Hull, Nov. 4, '62; promoted corp. May 1, '65. 5. S. Penterbaugh, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corp. Nov. 5, '64; discharged July 25, '65; veteran. Robert Barnes, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corp. Jan. i, '63; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Herman C. Milk r, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corp. Nov. 13, '63; '63; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Amasa R. DeWolf, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corp. June 14, '64; tiiustered out Nov. 5, '64. William S. Hopkins, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corp. Nov. 13, '(,y mustered out Nov. 4, '64. Nelson LaRose, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corp. Nov. 13, '64; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John Ayers, Sept. 24, '62; drafted; discharged June 24," '65. Charles M. Appleman, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corp. Jan. ri, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 18, 62. Nathan Brown, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corp. Aug. 5, '62; discharged on surg's certificate March 8, '63. Isaac H. Hermans, Nov. 4, '6i; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 31, '62. Harvey Steele, Oct "8 '62 drowned at Newbern, N. C, April 5, '65. Stephen d! Bidwell, Nov. 4, '61; died at Washington, D C Dec II, '61. George C. Atherton, Nov. 4, '6i; died at Wash- ington, D. C, Dec. 14, '61. Edmund Jones, Nov. 4, '6i- deserted Aug. 16, '62. Musicians— Chester Brown, Nov 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Sept 17 '62 Francis J. Furman, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 4, '62. ' Privates.— ]^iO'c, Ayers, Sept. i, '64. Mortimer Alton, ^h =*^N COMPANY H, FIFTY-SECOND REGIMENT. 123 Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John C. Adams, Nov. 4, '6r; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Edward B. Ashelman, Oct. 15, '63; drafted; died at Morris island, S. C, July 12, '64. David Bryant, Oct. 23, '62; absent, sick, at muster out. J. S. Buckwalter, Nov. t, '63; drafted. David Baker, Oct. 13, '63; drafted. Conrad Bachman, March 23, '64; drafted. Jefferson Betz, Mar. 7, '64; drafted. Michael Blair, March 31, '64; drafted. J. A. A. Burschel, Jan. 24, '65. Aaron Bishop, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate July 3, '65. Joseph Barnes, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. George Brown, April i, '62; mustered out June 12, '65. H. M. Bunting, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate, Sept. II, '62. James K. Bunyon, July 24, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy, June 29, '64. Adam Barth, Oct. 23, '62; died at Beaufort, S. C, Oct. 18, '64, of wounds received at Fort Wagner Oct. 13, '64. Thomas Burke, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; deserted May 24, '64. Charles Bisbing, Nov. 4, '61; deserted March 24, '62. Thomas Coates, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. Peter Con- nelly, Sept. 24, 62; drafted. Henry T. Coleman, March 26, '64. Minor C. Connor, Feb. 27, '65. Pieman B. Carey, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. James Coggins, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Edwin D. Campbell, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Andrew G. CoUum, Sept. i, '64; discharged June 24, '65. John Carpinger, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Nov. 26, '62. David Cole, Oct. 23, '62; died at Yorktown, Va., Dec. 16, '62. William H. Cramer, Oct. 15, '62; drafted; died at Morris island, S. C, July 16, '64. Thomas Cooper, March 22, '64; died at Morris Island, 5. C, Sept. 13, '64. Richard R. Clift, Nov. 4, '61; died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 28, '62. Elihu M. Dwight, March 15, '64. Michael Doyle, April 4, '64. William H. Dolph, Feb. 25, '65. William Evans, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 3, '64. Charles Evans, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; deserted May 29, '64. John H. Fell, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Simeon Ferris, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Michael Flomm, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 24, '65. Edward D. Finney, Nov. 4, '61; died at Yorktown, Va., Oct. 25, '62. Nicholas Flomm, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 24, '65. Conrad Grab, Nov. 4., '61. John Gantz, Nov. 6, '62; drafted. John D. Griffith, Nov. 4, '61; mus- tered out Nov, 5 '64 ; William C. Gaylord, Nov. 4, '61; absent on detached duty, at ex- piration of term. Harvey H. Gray, March 24, '64; dis- charged on surg's certificate Dec. 24, '62. Martin Groner, Sept. 30, '63; drafted; discharged June 7, '65. Michael Gil- bride, Aug. i3,'64; discharged June 24, '65. Henry Greiner, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate, Dec. 6, '62. David S. Gallatin, Stpt. 20, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy June 9, '64. John M. Gainor, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; deserted June 29, '64. George Hines, May 30, '64. Stephen P. Hull, Oct. 24, '62. Elliott Harris, March 25, '64; drafted. Benjamin Houtz, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Daniel Howell, Nov. 4, '61; transferred to gunboat service Feb. 26, '62. Edward L. Rubier, Aug. 22, '64; discharged June 24, '65. Jacob Hines, Aug. 17, '62; discharged June 24, '65. Peter M. Harvey, Nov. 4, '6r; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 20, '62. George Hancock, Oct. 30, '63; drafted; died at Hilton Head, S. C, Sept. 22, '64. Charles Heath, Nov. 4, '61; died' at Washington, D. C, Jan. 4, '62. W^ayne Harding, Nov. 4, '61; died at Hilton Head, S. C., May 2, '63. Edward Tones, March 29, '64. William James, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Edward Jones, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 13, '63. Harry King. Sept. 24, '63; drafted. John M. Kapp, Feb. 21, '65. Theodore Keeney, March 28, '64. William Kelley, Nov. 4, '61; transferred to 7th N. Y. artillery July 25, '62. Charles Keech, Nov. 4, '61; dis- charged on surg's certificate Dec. 25, '62. Jacob C. Kint- ner, Nov. 4, '61; transferred to signal corps April 28, '63. Richard Lee, Sept. 20, '63; drafted; absent at Fort Clinch, Fla., by sentence of general court martial. Thomas Lynch, Oct. 30, '6t,; drafted. Redmond Line. March 31, '64. Anthony Long, Feb. 24, '65. John J. La France, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64, Aaron Lamberson, Aug. 22, '64; discharged June 24, '65. Benjamin Myers, Sept. 26, '63; drafted. William Mutchler, March 18, '64. Simon Mackey, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Owen Moyless, Nov. 4, '61; mastered out Nov. 5, '64. Daniel Mahen, Sept. i, '62; discharged June 24, '65. Herbert D. Miller, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 28, '62- Thomas Monlon, Nov. 2, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy June 9, '64. Peter M'Cluskey, Oct. 13, '63; drafted. A. K M'Mur- ray, Sept. 25, '63; drafted; absent on furlough at muster out. John M'Lane, Aug. 17, '64; discharged June 24, '65. Peter M'Afee, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 12, '63. Arthur M'Gowan, Sept. 23, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy June 9, '64. Patrick M'Donald, Sept. 24, '6^; drafted; died at Morris island, S. C, F'eb. 12, '65. Collin M'Callum, Nov. 4, '61; deserted Mar. 28, '62. James Nelson, Oct. 23, '62. Nemison Northrop, Mar. 25, '64. Joseph Nash, Feb. 24, '65. Michael O'Neil, Sept. 29, '6y, drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Jerry O'Neil, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; discharged Mar. 10, '64. Adam Oustead, Sept. 26, '63; drafted; discharged June 24, '65. Joseph Ollendick, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. S, '63, John Patrick, Mar. 26, '64. Charles R. Potter, Mar. 26, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Francis Pickering, out Nov. 5, '64. Meschack mustered out Nov. Si '^4- 23, '62; discharged June 24, Feb. 21, '65. John Rodimer, out Nov. 5, '64. Charles P. promoted to com. sergt. Nov. 5, '61. Charles W. Rus- sell, Nov. 4, '61; died at Washington, D. C, Nov. 18, '61. Joseph A. Starner, Mar. 15, '64. William Stage, Mar. 31, '64. Henry M. Sieger, Jan. 25, '65. James Sieger, Feb. i, '65. Daniel C. Staples, Feb. 25, '65. William H. Scull, Feb. 27, '65. William N. Smith, Nov. 4, '61; wounded at Fort Putnam, S. C; absent at muster out. Philitus Snedicor, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John F. Smith, Sept. 25, '61; discharged June 24, '65. David Spangler, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; dis- charged June 24, '65. Philip Shrock, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 24, '65. Henry W. Skinner, Aug. 18, '64; discharged June 24, '65. George Smith, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 12, '64. Joseph Seger, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 26, '63. Benjamin Sayer, Nov. 4,' 61; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. II, '63. Leonard Torpyn, Nov. 4, '61. Charles Trent, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 24, '65. Zebu- Ion P. Travis; not on muster-out roll. Dilton N. Tay- lor; Nov. 30, '63; died Mar. 14, '64. William H. Tur- ner, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; deserted June 16, '64. Horace J. Vangilder, Oct. 27, '63; drafted. Holden T. Vaughn, Oct. 29, '63; drafted. Thomas White, Sept. 23, '63; drafted. Henry Ward, Feb. 24, '65. Henry Williams ist, Mar. 17, '65. M. G. Woodward, Mar. 22, '65. Frede- rick Whitehead, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Henry Williams 2nd, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Peter Weaver, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John Walsh, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; discharged Mar. 26, '64. William Winchester, Nov. 3, '63; drafted; Nov. 4, '61; mustered Phillips, Nov. 4, '61; John E. Perry, Sept. '65. Simon Rhoads, Nov. 4, '61; mustered Ross, Aug. 15, 6r; *ih 1 1^== 124 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. transferred to U. S. navy June 9, '64. Elias Woodruff, Oct. 22, '62; died Mar. 7, '65. Samuel Zerfos, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 24, '65. COMPANY I. Cj^«;-j-.— Captains— Beaton Smith, Aug. 22, '61; re- signed May II, '63. Henry H. Jenks, Aug. 22, '61; promoted from 1st lieut. to capt. Nov. i, '63; absent, on detached duty, at muster out. First lieutenants — Frede- rick Fuller, Aug. 22, '61; promoted from 2nd to ist lieut. Nov. ), '63; transferred to signal corps Jan. 1 1, '62. Thomas Evans, Sept. 23, '61; promoted from corp. to sergt. Feb. 5, '62; istsergt. Sept. 2, '62; ist lieut. Mar. 25, '64; captured July 3, '64; mustered out May 6, '65. Second lieutenant, Edward W. Smith, Sept. 23, '61; promoted from corp. to sergt. Dec. 6, '61; ist sergt. Nov. 6, '63; 2nd lieut. Oct. 24, '64; commissioned ist lieut. June 8, '65; not mustered. First sergeants — Frank Early, Sept 23, '61; promoted from private to ist sergt. Nov. i, 64; commissioned 2nd lieut. June 8, '65; not mustered; veteran Benjamin F. Jones, Sept. 23, '61; killed at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. Sergeants — Matthew Richards, Sept. 23, '61; promoted from corp. to sergt. Nov. 6, '64. David Evans, Sept, 23, '61; promoted from corp. to sergt. Nov. 6, '64. Richard Davis, Sept. 23, '61; promoted from private to sergt. Nov. I, '64; veteran. John Edmonds, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; promoted from corp. to sergt. Nov. 4, '64. William H. Harris, Sept. 23, 61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John Reason, Sept. 23, '61; promoted from corp to sergt. Sept. 12, '64; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Erastus Sowers, Sept. 23, 61; promoted from corp. to sergt. Nov. 27, '62; prisoner from July 3 to Nov. 30, '64; mustered out Dec. 5, '64. William H. Merritt, Sept. 23, '61; promoted from corp. to sergt. Nov. '63; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Samuel Seitzinger, Oct. 5, '6r; transferred to 96th Pennsylvania volunteers Nov. 6, '61. Corporals — William Wood, July 24, '6t,; drafted; promoted corp. Nov. 6, '64, John Timball, July 22, '63; drafted; promoted corp. Nov. 6, '64. Henry Colkert, Nov. 2, '63; drafted; pro- moted corp. Nov. 6, '64. George W. Garrison, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. Joseph Morgan, July 17, '63; drafted; promoted corp. Nov. 6, '64. Thomas Morris, Oct. 29, '63; drafted; promoted corp. Nov. 6, '64. John Gleason, Mar. 9, '64; captured July 3, '64; promoted corp. June 9, '65. Morris Hoover, Aug. 7, '64; discharged June 2, '65. John P. Davis, Sept. 23, '61; promoted corp. Dec. I, '63; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Thomas Davis, Sept. 23, 61; promoted corp. Dec. i, '6;^; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Thomas A. Edwards, Sept. 23, '61; promoted corp. Dec. i, '63; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John Gallon, Sept. 23, '61; promoted from corp. Dec. i, '63; prisoner from July 3 to Dec. 13, '64; mustered out Dec. 18, '64. Samuel Smith, Sept. 23, '61; prisoner from July 3 to Dec. 13, '64; mustered out Dec. 18, '64. Samuel Williams, Sept. 23, '61 ; promoted corp. Sept. 2, '62; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. David Da- vis, Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June i, '63. William Jones, Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate, Jan. 20, '63. Daniel Walters, Sept. 29, '61; discharged on surg's certificate May 8, '63. Thomas Cosgrove, Sept. 23, '61; promoted to corp. Feb. 5, '62; died June 3, '62. Alex. M'Gregor, Sept. 23, '61; pro- moted corp. Aug. 27, '62; died at Yorktown, Va., Sept. 20, '62. Musician, Henry C. Neis, Sept. 23, '61; mus- tered out Nov. 3, '64. Privates. — Henry Ackerman, Oct. 12, '61; deserted Oct. 28, '61. Albert Barrick, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. Charles Blatz, July 24, 'dy, drafted; captured July 3, '64; abseni at muster out. George Bainbridge, Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June i, '63. Thomas Berckle, Sept: 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate July 27, '62. Samuel Bryant, Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 23, '62. W. H. M. Barron, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65; John Barkbile, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. John M. Bonelby, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. John Blakely, Sept. 23, '63; drafted; died Dec. 19, '64. Herman Bartouch, Sept. 23, '61; killed at Fair Oaks, Va,, May 31, '62. William Boyd, Sept. 26, '63; drafted; deserted May 31, '64. John Broadbent, Oct. 12, '61; deserted Oct. 14, '61. Thomas Ball, Sept. 23, '61; deserted Sept. 25, '61; deserted Sept. 25, '61. C. W. Constantine, July 24, 'by, drafted. Jacob Court- wright, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Morgan E. Coon, Oct. 14, '63; drafted. William Cole, Oct. 14, '63,; drafted. Michael Cadden, Sept. 23, '61: mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Francis Cadden, Oct. 15, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Abraham Carver, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 10, '65. Henry F. Clay, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Thomas B. Clark, Feb. 15, '62; mustered out June 14, '65. John S. Compton, Aug. 24, '64; discharged June 12, '65. George \V. Cromis, Sept. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate April 2, '64. Henry Clinton, July 30, '63; drafted; deserted Aug. 19, '64. David H. Catterson, Sept, 23, '61; deserted Se])t. 23, '61. Jabez Cole, Sept. 23, '61; deserted June i, '62. William Caslett, Sept. 23, '61; deserted July 3, '62. Reese H. Davis, Mar. 26, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Patrick Donnelly, Nov. 13, '64. Patrick Dunn, Mar. i, '64. Daniel Davis, Oct. 5, '61; absent, sick, at muster out. Jonathan Davis, Sept. 23, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. James Davis, Sept. 23, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. James Dougherty, Sept, 24, '63; drafted; discharged April 28, '65. William Domer, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. James Douglass, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy, June 21, '64, David 1). Davis, Mar. 23, '64; captured; diedat Florence, S. C, Oct. ir, '64. Joseph Dale, Sept. 27, '61; died at Balti- more, Md,, May 29, 62. John Decker, Nov. 31, '63; drafted; deserted Aug. 19, '64. John Evans, Mar. 21, '64; Richard Evans, Oct. 5, 61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Josiah Engle, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. John Folan, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; cap- tured July 3, '64. Joshua Fonicy, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Henry Gerger, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. James Griffith, Jan. 10, '64; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 15, '64. Fran- cis Green, Nov. 13, '63; drafted; died Aug. 9, '64. William H. Hadley, Mar, 17, '64; Isaac Half, Tulv 21, '63; drafted; discharged July 10, '65. Joseph Holden, Sept. 24, (jy, drafted; prisoner from July 3, '64, to May 12, '65; discharged June 22, '65. Patrick Horrigan, Oct. 31, '63; drafted; captured July 3, '64. Edward Howells, Mar, 21, '64, George Hares, Sept. 23, '61; mustered out Nov, 5, '64. George M, Hunter, Sept, 23, '61; absent, m arrest, at muster out. Solomon Hembaugh, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Michael Hut7.le, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Frank Hurly, not on muster out roll. Wm, H, Hughes, Sept, 23, '6i; discharged on surg's certifi- cate, Dec. 5, '62. Thad. W. Hunter, Sept. 23, '61; dis- charged on surg's certificate Jan. 5, '62. Michael Hurley Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Jan., '63. Benjamin Havert, March 21, '64; captured; died at An- dersonville, Ga,, Aug. 21, '64 ; grave, 7,422. Wm Humphrey, Sept. 23, '61; died at Washington, D. C, June 26, '62. David James, March 11, '64. William H. Jones, Feb. 29, '64; prisoner from July 3, '64 to March 17, '65. William J. Jones, March 18, '64. John P. Jones ^^== COMPANIES I AND K, FIFTY-SECOND REGIMENT. 125 Feb. 28, '65. Jeremiah James, Sept. 23, '61; mustered out, Nov. 5, '64. Henry James, Oct. 12, '6t; discharged on surg's certificate, Sept., '62. William Jones, Nov. 5, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. i, '63. John M. Juness, July 24, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy June 21, '-64. David Jones, Sept. 23, '61; died at Washington, D. C., April 6, '62. Iilartin Kelley, March 18, '64. Horman D. King, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; dis- charged June 2, '65. Benjamin Keifer, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Elijah Kite, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; died at Hilton Head, S. C, Dec. 23, '64. William Kyess, July 13, '63; drafted; died June 3, '65. Thomas Lannagan, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster-out. Abraham and Edward Landes, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Chauncey and Lewis Lowry, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. John Longwith, Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate, Oct. 4, '64. George Lini.g, Sept. 23, '61; captured June 29, '62; died at Richmond, Va. Michael Lyon, Oct. 25, '61; killed at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. Thomas Meredith, Oct. 27, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster-out. John Murphy, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster-out. George Meek, Sept. 27, '61; prisoner from July 3 to Nov. 30, '64; mustered out December 5, '64. William H. Miller, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy June 21, '64. M[ilton Moyer, Sept 23, '6i; transferred to 96th Pa. Nov. 6, '61. Edmond Manges, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, 65. William Mortimer, Sept. 26, '63; drafted; deserted Aug. 19, '64. George Moore, July 24, '63; drafted; de- serted Aug. 19, '64. Thomas M'Kuan, Sept. 24, '6^; drafted; captured July 3, '64; absent at muster out. John M'Closkey, Sept. 26, '63; drafted; deserted Aug. 19, '64. John M'Glomm, Sept. 23, '61; deserted Nov. 7, '61. Thomas Naughton, Nov. 13, '64. Willia.m O'Brien, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. Patrick O'Neil, Nov. 9, '63; draft- ed; transferred to U. S. Navy June 21, '64. Charles Oakes, Mar. 31, '64; deserted April 23, '65. George Parker, Sept. 23, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John Putnam, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. George Patterson, Nov. 13, '63; drafted; deserted Aug. ig, '64. John Patterson, Sept. 26, '63; drafted; deserted Aug. 18, '64. Christopher Reddy, Nov. 3, '64. George Ross, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Jacob Ross, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '^5. Calvin L. Reed, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '64. James Ryan, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; trans- ferred to U. S. navy June 21, '64. John Reynolds, Oct. 17, '63; drafted; deserted Aug. 19, '64. Rnshland Smith, Mar. 17, 64. Henry Seitzinger, Sept. 24, '6y, drafted. Charles Simpson, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. Benjamin Ste- phens, Feb. 29, '64. Albert Seneff, Sept. 23, '61; mustered out Nov. s, '64. John Smith, Sept. 23, '6r; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John Showman, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; dis- charged June 2, '65. George W. Stough, Sept, 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Alfred N. Snyder, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Charles VV. Snyder, Sept. 24, '6y, drafted; discharged June 2, '65. Charles Schrett, July 24, '61; drafted; di.scharged June 6, '65. David Saunders, Sept. 23, '61; discharged Aug. 14, '62, for wounds received at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. John Schlager, Sept. 23, '61; transferred to battery H, ist Pa. artillery, Nov. i, '62. Thomas Smith; Sept. 23, '61; transferred to battery H, ist Pa. artil- lery Nov. I, '62, Sylvester Shirley, Oct. 30, '63; draf- ted; deserted May 17, '65. Thomas Shaw, Nov. 3, '61; drafted; deserted Nov. 25, '64. Albert Thompson, Aug. 27, '64; discharged June 2, '65. Wm. Thompson, Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Sept. 10, '64. Thomas Thomas, Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate March, '62. John Thomas, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy Tune 21, '64. Geo. Vancampen, March 18, '64; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Sept. 4, '64. David Williams March 14, '64; captured July 3, '64. William Wat- kins, Sept. 23, '61; prisoner from July 3 to Dec. 13, '64; mustered out Dec. 18, '64. Girard Welter, Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate July 27, '62. Alexander Walker, July 30, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy June 21, '64. Henry Wilson, Sept. 26, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy June 21, '64. Henry Williams, Nov. 25, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy June 21, '64. Sabbath Williams, Sept. 23, '61; transferred to Bat- tery H, ist Pennsylvania artillery, Nov. i, '62. Charles Waters, Sept. 23, '61; died at Hilton Head, S. C, July r, '63. James Wilson, Oct. 17, '63; drafted; deserted Nov. 13, '65. William Williams, Sept. 23, '61; deserted Oct. 5, '61. James Young, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; prisoner from July 3, '64, to March 3, '65. Frederick Younkin, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged June 2, '65. COMPANY K. Officers. — Captains — John Jones, jr., Oct. 2, '61; re- signed Sept. 16, '62. John A. Hennessy, Dec. 2, '61; promoted from 2nd lieut. to capt. Oct. 11, '62; major Jan. 5, '65. First lieutenants — George A. Bass, Oct. 2, '61; resigned Sept. 28, '62. Henry A. Mott, Oct. 2, '6i; promoted from sergt. to ist lieut. Oct. 11, '62; adj. Sept. I, '64. George H. Sterling, Oct. ir, 61; transferred from adj. Oct. 10, '64; died at AVyoming, Pa., Jan. 25, '65. Thomas Jordon, Nov. 4, '61; promoted from sergt. to ist sergt. Nov. 5, '64; to ist lieut. June 3, '65; veteran. 2nd lieut., David Moses, Nov. 4, '61; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Nov. 5, '62; mustered out Apr. 30, '65. ist sergts. — Alva Dolph, Nov. 4, '61; promoted to sergt. Nov. 5, '64; to ist sergt. June 3, '65; 2nd lieut. June 4, '65; not mustered; veteran. William Sansom, Nov. 4, '6r; promoted from sergt. to ist sergt. Nov. 4, '62; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. William M'Clure, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 2, '62. Ser- geants. — Thomas Tiffany, Nov. 4, '61; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. Charles Rubeck, Nov. 3, '62; pro- moted sergt. Nov. 5, '64. Evan Q.Thomas, Nov. 4, '61; promoted sergt. Jan. 24, '65; veteran. John Unger, Sept. 23, '63; drafted; promoted corporal Nov. 5, '64; to sergt. June 3, '65. Demetrius P. Parsons, Nov. 4, '61; pro- moted from Corp. to sergt. Nov. 4, '62; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Henry Morrow, Nov. 4, '6r; promoted from Corp. to sergt. Dec. i, '63; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. William D. Weber, Feb. 5, '62; mustered out Jan. 24, '65. • Hugh R. Crawford, Nov. 4, '61; promoted Q. M. sergt. May 30, '(>y Smith B. Mott, Nov. 20, '61; promoted Q. M. sergt. Nov. 5, '64; veteran. Henry P. Forsman, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 31, '62. Corporals — George Forrester, Mar. 28, '64; promoted corp. Nov. s, '64. Tryal Styles, July 27, '63; drafted; promoted Corp. Dec. 31, '64. John Jones, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corp. Feb. 28, '65; veteran. Charles Mor- rison, Mar. 28, '64; promoted corp. May 17, '65. Wil- liam Solfredge, July 15, '(>y drafted; promoted corp. May 17, '65. Philip Setzer, Sept. 28, '63. drafted; promoted corp. May 17, '65. John Oister, March 9, '64; promoted corporal Feb. 28, '65. Charles Berglass, Nov. 4, '63; drafted; promoted corporal Nov. 5, '64. George Keyton, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Henry Osiander, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corporal Aug. 5, '62; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. William Scott, Nov. 4, '6i; promoted corporal Dec. I, '63; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John Roberts, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corporal Dec. i, '63; mustered out Nov. s, '64. Frank Vail, Nov. 4, '61; promoted corpo- A^ Hh 126 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. ml Dec. I, '63; killed at Fort Johnson, S. C, July 3, '64. Charles Jackson, Nov. 9, '63; drafted; deserted May '5. '65. Privates. — John Allwen, Nov. 2, '63; drafted. John W. Anderson, Sept. 20, '63; drafted; deserted June 16, '64. Patrick Brown, March 28, '64. George Beck, Sept. 24> '63; drafted. Minor K. Bailey, Feb. 14, '65. Ber- nard Bein, Feb. 25, '65. Cerle Brock, Feb. 27, '65. John Brennan, Feb. 20, '65. Patrick Burke, March 2, 65. John Butler, March 3, '65. Patrick Brennan, Dec. 10, '6r; discharged on surg's certificate May 2, '62. Michael Beavers, Jan. 29, '62; mustered out March 6, '65. Abraham Butts, Jan. 3. '62; mustered out Jan. 14, '65. John Brennan, Jan. 24, '62; mustered out March 6, '65. Jacob Bomgardner. Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 20, '62. Charles Bristoe, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 2, '62. John Bratton, Nov. 2, '6y, drowned at Hilton, S. C, June 13, '64. Orwin E. Brown, Nov. 4, '61; deserted May 30, '64. John Carroll, Sept. 24, '66; drafted. James Cleary, March 2, '65. Clement B. Compton, Feb. 15, '65. Free- man Cosier, Nov. 5, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. James Carman, Feb. 8, '62; mustered out March 6, '65. Edward Colahan, Jan. 3, '62; mustered out Jan. 14, '65. John Crisel, Feb. 8, '62; discharged on surg's certificate May 9, '63. Michael Donahue, Feb. 20, '65. James Donahue, Feb. 20, '65. Patrick Donahue, Mar. '3> '65. John Dierr, Jan. 3, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 12, '62. John Davis, Nov. 4, '61; dis- charged on surg's certificate June 2, '62. Harry Dem- niick, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 2 1, '63. James Delaney, Oct. 15, '6:}; drafted; deserted Nov. 2, '64. Alfred Evans, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Charles Elno, Nov. 5, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Levi Evans, Nov. 4, '61; died at Morris island, S. C, Oct. 30, '64. Zenus N. Farnand, Feb. 14, '65. Dominick Feandry, Mar. 21, '65; absent, sick, at muster out. Emanuel Fisher, Feb. 28, '62; deserted Sept. 3. '63- Lewis Gibson, Sept.24, '63; drafted. William Goodwin, July 20, '63; drafted; captured; absent at rau.ster out. Lawrence Giles, Dec. 5, '61; deserted Sept. 3, '6^. Charles Hall, Nov. 4, '61; deserted; returned, William R. Heron, Mar. 23, '64. Gideon Haight, Sept. 28, '63. Philip Hartman, Feb. 25, '65. Cyrus L Howe, Mar. 27, '64. Ephraim Howe, Feb. 14, '65. James Horan, Mar. g, '65. Con. Hilderbrand, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Levi S. Hakett, Jan. 29, '62; mjstered out Mar. 6, '65. John Howells, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 8, '61. Michael Henniger, Dec. 7, '61; killed at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. David P. Hanna, Feb. 13, '62; deserted Sept. 3, '63. Edmund Jones, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Edmund Jenkins, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov! S, '64. David Jeremiah, Jan. 3, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 21, '62. Michael Kennedy, Oct. 21, '63; drafted. Henry Kennedy, Mar. 17, '64. Lewis Kelly, Sept. 3, '63; drafted. Richard Kealy, Mar. 2, '65. Nathaniel Lanning, Mar. 2, '64. Henry Lewis, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Norman Lucky, Nov. 4, '61; deserted March 22, '64; veteran. William Moyer, Nov. 10, '63; drafted. William' Mehlmg, Nov. r8, '63. John May, July 20, '63; drafted William Marcy, Oct. 15, '63; drafted. Solomon Millard, March 15, '64. Thomas Millard. March 15, '64. Joseph Montgomery, Jan. 24, '65. William Mason, Oct 2 '6i- mustered out Jan. 24, '65. George W. Millard, July 23' '64; discharged June 22, '65. John J. Morrison, Nov! 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 24, '62 Clark Miller, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 3, '62. Patrick Murphy, Dec. 4, '61; deserted Sept. 3, '63. Frederick Meithling, Nov. 4, '61; deserted Sept. I, '64. Michael M'Lane, Oct. 19, '64. Robert M'Kinney, Oct. 26, '63; drafted; deserted March 31, '65. Michael M'Nally, Jan. 3, '62; deserted Sept. i, '63. George Nierman, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certi- ficate, June 30, '63. Thomas Nelson, Nov. 4, '61; died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 2, '62. Charles Norman, Sept. 23, '63; drafted; deserted July 9, '64. Daniel O'- Connell, Feb. 18, '65. Michael O'Donnell, Sept. 12, '64; discharged June 22, '65. Charles O'Hara, Dec. 7, '61; deserted Sept. 11, '63. Patrick O'Brien, Dec. 10, '61; mustered out Dec. 10, '64. Edward Parker, Nov. 4, '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. Charles Peters, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; died at Hilton Head, S. C, March 6, '65. Alexander Peterson, Sept. 20, '63; drafted; died at Mor- ris Island, S. C, Jan. 24, '65. Ezra H. Ripple, March 24, '64; prisoner from July 3, '64, to March i, '65; dis- charged June 30, '65. Davis W. Russell, Sept. 23, '63; drafted. Mifflin Russell, March 7, '65. William Rich- ards, Nov. 10, '63; drafted. John A. Rapp, Jan. 3, '62; mustered out March 6, '65. Mark Riley, Aug. 24, '64; discharged June 22, '65. Edward Ryan, June 24, '62; mustered out March 6, '65. John Rauch, Jan. 3, '62; deserted May, '62. Andrew Scutt, Nov. 4, '6r. Theodore Smith, Oct. 27, '63; drafted. William Smith, Sept. 25, '63; drafted. Josiah Sears, Sept. 29, '61,; drafted. Reuben Sears, Sept. 25, '61; drafted. Oliver Sears, Sept. 25, '61; drafted. Samuel Sears, Feb. 27, '64. Thomas G. Smith, Nov. 4, '6r; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. John Soop, Nov. 4, '6t; absent on detached duty at expiration of term. Gilbert Saxton, Feb. 13, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 24, '62. Chester Smith, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 3, '62. Joseph Schremser, Nov. 4, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 11, '63. William Schnell, Sept. 23, '63; drafted; deserted June 16, '64. Charles Tiuimens, Oct. 29, '63; drafted. William Tol- bert, July 27, '63; drafted. Theodore F. Tripp, Nov. 4. '61; mustered out Nov. 5, '64. James Vangorder, Sept. 29, '63; drafted. John P. Vanauker, Sept. 29, '63; drafted; died at Morris island, S. C, Feb. 24, '65. James Woods, Mar. 14, '64. John Woods, Mar. 24, '64. Frank Weber, Oct. 21, '62; drafted. John Wenrich, Nov. 9, '63; drafted. Patrick Welsh, Nov. 2, '63; drafted. Ackley Walker, Mar. 27, '64. George Watchler, Mar. 1, '65. Hamilton Warner, Jan. 24, '65. Eri D. Westfall, Oct. 10, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Mar. 30, '65. James Wil- liams, Jan. 3, '62; discharged on surg's certificate June 21, '63. Charles Weisgarber, Nov. 4, '61; discharged '^''"■. 3, '63, for wounds received in action. George Wil- son, April 7, '64; deserted Feb. 12, '65. Henry Willing, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; deserted Mar. 2, '65. Jamos Woods, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; deserted Oct. 10, '64. Amandus Yaple, Sept. 29, '63; drafted. Marcus Youse, Sept. 24, '63; drafted. CHAPTER XX. LUZERNE IN THE CIVIL WAR HISTORY OF THE FIFTY- THIRD REGIMENT. HIS regiment was recruited in different por- tions of the State from August to November, i86t. During the latter month it moved to Washington and thence to Alexandria, where it was assigned to General French's brigade. During the winter of 1861-2 it remained at this place, perfecting itself in drill and discipline. =^¥ -H^ OFFICERS OF THE FIFTY-THIRD— ITS HISTORY. 127 In the spring of 1862 it advanced with the army of the Potomac to Manassas, Warrenton Junction, and finally to the Peninsula. It was in the reserve during the siege of Yorktown. In May it went to the Chickahominy, and on the ist of June was engaged at Fair Oaks, where it lost, in killed, wounded and missing, ninety-six men. It was engaged at Garner's Mill in the latter part of the month, and during the "change of base" it was with its brigade the rear of the rear guard, and was actively en- gaged at Peach Orchard. It was present, though not actively engaged, at Malvern Hill. It arrived at Alex- andria too late to participate in the second battle of Bull Run, but it moved forward and assisted to cover the retreat of Pope's army. While thus engaged it became separated from its brigade, but escaped capture by a skillful manoeuvre. In September it advanced into Maryland and was among the reserves at the battle of South Mountain. During the succeeding two or three days it was skirmish- ing with the enemy's cavalry, and at the battle of Antietam it was hotly engaged and lost twenty-eight in killed and wounded. It forded the Potomac at Harper's Ferry, and camped on Bolivar Heights, whence it moved on the 30th of October across the Shenandoah and through Loudon valley, skirmished with the enemy at Snicker's Gap, and arrived at Warrenton November 9th. Thence it proceeded to Falmouth, and was engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg, where it lost in killed and wounded one hundred and fifty-eight out of two hundred and eighty-three who went into the battle. It was subse- quently detailed to bury the dead under a flag of truce, in which melancholy duty it was engaged during two days. It passed the winter at Falmouth, and on the 28th of April, 1863, went on the Chancellorsville campaign, dur- ing which it was engaged three days. It returned to its camp at Falmouth, whence on the 14th of 'June it marched on the Gettysburg campaign. At that battle it made a gallant charge in the face of a galling fire and drove a rebel battery from its position. Out of one hundred and twenty-four men who went into the fight, six were killed, sixty-seven wounded and six missing. It afterward encountered the foe at Rappahannock Station and at Bristoe, and went into winter quarters in Decem- ber at Stevensburg, where the men re-enlisted and re- ceived a veteran furlough. Recruited and refreshed the regiment broke camp on the 4th of May, crossed the Rapidan and engaged the enemy on the 5th, the 6th and the 9th. It moved to Spottsylvania Court-house, where it was engaged in the most brilliant charge of the campaign — a charge in which an entire division of the enemy was captured. It marched thence to Cold Harbor, where it was engaged and suffer- ed severely. On the i6th of June i: arrived in front of Petersburg and was engaged in a charge ofi the enemy's works, in which it lost nearly twenty men. From the latter part of June till the 21st of August it was employed in skirmishing on both sides of the James. It then marched to the Weldon railroad, where it again met the enemy. In the autumn and winter of 1864 the regiment was on severe duty at the siege of Petersburg. It went on its last campaign on the 28th of March, 1865, and was engaged at Boydton Plank Rnad and at Five Forks, and it assisted in capturing the enemy's wagon trains at Deep creek. It was present at the sur- render of the rebel army, participated in the grand review, and nn the 30th of June, 1865, was mustered out of the service. Besides its share in the regimental staff of the 53d. Luzerne county furnished the material for Company F. In the following lists the first date gives the time the soldier was mustered into service. Where the time he was mustered out is not given it is understood to have been June 30th, 1865, unless some other disposition is noted. FIELD ANU S'l'AFF OFFICERS. Colonels. — John R. Brooke, Nov. 5, '61; promoted brig. gen. May 12, '64; brev. m.ij. gen. -Aug. i, '64. William W. Mintzer, Sept. 18, '6t; promoted from capt. Company A to maj. June 2, '62; lieut. col. Sept. 29, '64; col. Oct. 30, '64; brev. brig. gen. Mar. 13, '65. Lietitenant colonils. — Richards M'Michael, Nov. 7, '6r; discharged on sufg's certificate May 19, '64. George C. Anderson, Oct. 29, '6r; promoted from capt. Company K to maj. Sept. 20, '64; lieut. col. Nov. 10, 64. Majors. — Thomas Yeager, Nov. 7, '61; killed at Fair Oaks, Va., June i, '62. S. Octavius Bull, Sejit. 18, '6r; promoted from capt. Company A, to maj. June 2, '62; lieut. col. May 17, '64; col. Sept. 18, '64; not mustered; mustered out Nov. i, '64. George D. Pifer, Oct. 10, '61; promoted from capt. Company I Dec. 13, '64. Adjutants. — Charles P. Hatch, Nov. 7, '61; discharged on surg's certificate July 24, '64. Samuel H. Rutter, Sept. 18, '61; promoted from private Company A to sergt. maj. Dec. 24, '63; lieut. and adj. Sept. 5 '64; veteran reserve corps at muster out; veteran. Quartermasters. — Jacob Rice, Nov. 7, '6r; mustered out Oct. 12, '64. Theophilus T. Davis, Nov. 4, '61; promoted from private Company I to com. sergt. Dec. 24, '63; ist lieutenant and Q. M. Oct. 31, '64; veteran. Surgeons. — John Fromberger, Nov. 7, '61; resigned Jan. 28, '62. M. J. M'Kinnon, Feb. 15, '62; resigned Jan. 26, '63. George W. Jackson, Feb. 24, '63; dis- charged on surg's certificate Aug. 12, '64. Charles W. Spayd, Oct. i, '62; promoted from ass't surg. Aug. 29, '64. Assistant surgeons. — William B. Wynne, Nov. 7, '61; promoted to surg. 159th Pennsylvania volunteers Oct. 29, '62. J. P. Burchfield, Aug. i, '62; promoted surg. 83d Pennsylvania volunteers April 3, '63. Jacob C. Gatchell, April 17, '64. Chaplains. — Daniel Barber. Nov. 7, '61; resigned July 7, '62; J. R. Taylor Gray, June 16, '65. Sergeant Majors. — Thomas Reifsnyder, Nov. 7, '6t; promoted ist lieut. Company D Dec. 14, '62. G. W. Butterworth, Mar. 2, '64; promoted from sergt. Company G June 12, '65; veteran. Levi J. Fritz, Dec. 22, '63; promoted 2nd lieut. Company A Oct. 8, '64. M. M. Brannock, Dec. 22, '63; transferred to Company K April 7, '65; veteran. Albert H. Hess, Dec. 22, '63; promoted 2nd lieut. Company E June 12, '65. Quartermaster Sergeants. — Mahlon S. Ludwig, Nov. 7, '61; promoted 2nd lieut. Company B Mar. i, '63. John S. Weand, Sept. 18, '6t; promoted from private Com- pany A Nov. I, '64. John W. Riley, Feb. 29, '64; pro- moted from sergt. to Q. M. sergt. Dec. 23, '64; transferred from 140th Pennsylvania; dischaiged June 6, '65, *^^= t Commissary Sergeants. — Lewis R. Bland, Nov. 7, '61; promoted 2nd lieut. Company B April 26, '62. Thomas E. Clark, Sept. 18, '61; promoted from private Company A Dec. ]o, '64; absent, on furlough, at muster out. J. Wilson Barnett, Nov. 5, '61; transferred to loth U.S. colored troops. Benjamin J. Cushing, Oct. 29, '61; pro- moted 2nd lieut. Company G Sept. 21, '64; veteran. W. W. Dentler, Oct. 23, '61; promoted 2nd lieut. Company H Dec. 8, '64; veteran. Hospital Stewards. — Albert Lorenz, Nov. 7, '61; mus- tered out Nov. 7, '64. John H. Foltz, Oct. 10, '61; pro- moted from private Company I Nov. 16, '64; veteran. Principal Musician. — John Caldwell, Oct. 23, '61; pro- moted from musician Company H Nov. i, '64; veteran COMPANY F. Officers. — Captain — Horace P. Moody, Oct. 12, '61; resigned Sept. 17, '62. Walter L. Hopkins, Oct. 12, '6t; promoted from 1st lieut. Sept. 17, '62; discharged Jan. 16, '63, Theodore Hatfield, Oct. 12, '61; promoted from sergt. to ist lieut. Sept. 18, '62; to capt. Feb. 21, '63; discharged March 18, '64. John J. 'Whitney, Oct. 12, '61; promoted from sergt, to 2nd lieut. Sept. 6, '62; to ist lieut. Jan, 30, '63; to capt. April 23, '64; killed at Spottsylvania May 18, '64. James Patton, Oct. 12, '61; promoted from 1st sergt. to ist lieut. May 20, '64; to capt. June 6, '64; mustered out Oct. 6, '64. Isaac A. Howell, Oct. 12, '61; promoted from sergt. to 1st sergt.; to ist lieut. June 6, '64; to capt. Nov. 2, '64; discharged Mar. 18, '65; veteran. Nathan N. Montayne, Oct. 12, '61 ; promoted from private to sergt,; to ist sergt. June 6, '64; to ist lieut. Nov. 2, '64; to capt. April 16, '65; mustered out with company June 30, '65; veteran. First lieutenant, Lester Race, Oct. 12, '61; promoted corp.; sergt. March 16, '64; ist sergt. Nov. 2, '64; ist lieut. April 16, '65; veteran. Second lieutenant, Martin W. Anthony, Oct. 12, '61; resigned Sept. 6, '62. First ser- geant — George W. Thompson, Oct. 12, '61; promoted from private to sergt.; ist sergt. April (7, '65; commission- ed 2nd lieut. June i, '65; not mustered out; veteran. Sergeants — Charles W. Lathrop, Oct. 11, '63; promoted corp. Mar. 10, '64; sergt. Nov. i, '64; veteran. Abel Perrego, sen., Oct. 12, '6i; promoted corp. Mar. 10, '64; sergeant Nov. i, '64; wounded at Spottsylvania Court- house May 10, '64; absent at muster out; veteran. Ira G. Lyons, Oct. 12, '61; promoted corp.; sergt. June 6, '64; veteran. Daniel G. M'Laud, Mar. 26, '64; promot- ed corp. Nov, I, '64; sergt. April 17, '65; veteran. Oli- ver Fisher, Oct. 12, '61; mustered out Nov. 2, '64. Wil- liam H. Jackson, Oct. 12, '61; promoted from corp,; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 13, '64. John Anthony, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster-out roll. Corpor- als — Henry Whitson, Feb. 18, '64; promoted corp. June 6, '64; prisoner from Aug. 25, '64, to May 17, '65. An- drew Sarber, Oct. 12, '61; promoted corp. Mar. 10, '64; captured June 16, '64; absent at muster out; veteran. Rufus Frear, Mar. 26, '64; promoted corp. June 6, '64; captured Aug. 25. '64; absent at muster out. Franklin Westover, Feb. i, '64; promoted corp. Nov. i, '64. W. L. Hackenberry, Mar. 28, '64; promoted corp. Nov. i, '64. Henry Shoulde, Mar. 23, '64; promoted corp. Nov. i, '64. John Wilson, Feb. I, '64; promoted corp. Nov. i, '64. Samuel C. Webb, Mar. 12, '64; promoted corp. April 17, '65. Peter Culp, Oct. 12, '61; promoted to corp; mustered out Nov. 7, '64. Samuel R Charlton, June 20, '64; discharged June 15, '65. Alexander Prester, Oct. 12, '61; mustered out Nov. 7, '64. Edward Brong, Oct. 1 2, '61; promoted corp; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house May 12, '64; veteran. Edward Kirkham, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster out roll. Daniel Harrington, Oct. 12, '61; killed at Gettysburg. Washington Montayne and Wil- liam Moore, Oct. 12, '62; not on muster out roll. Jabez C. Jackson, Oct. 22, '61; not on muster out roll. Musi- cians—Lemuel Askins, Oct. 18, '61; absent, in arrest, at muster out. William Carroll, Aug. 22, '63; prisoner from Oct. 21, '63, to Nov. 21, '64. William Downing, Sept. 19, '63. Abel J. Perrego, Oct. 12, '61; veteran. James Sarber, Oct. 12, '61; veteran. Abram D. Hirst, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster out roll. Privates. — Robert Achoff, July i. 'by, absent, sick, at musterout. Tames Adams, Mar. 22, '64; discharged on surg's certificate. May 27, '65. Calvin Bisbing, Oct. 12, '61; prisoner from June 16, '64, to April 24, '65; dis- charged by general order June 14, '65. William Brong, Thomas M. Brown, Robert D. Beam and Samuel Brew- ster, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster out roll. Chester Betts, Feb'. II, '64. William H. Blair, Feb. 14, '64. Arthur G. Brooks, Sept. 5, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. A. Bartholomew, Aug. 22, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. C. A. W. Bigalow, Oct. 12, '61; captured Aug. 25, '64; absent at muster out. John Bradley, Sept. 16, '64; discharged May 31, '65. Henry Baker, Sam- uel Brace and Hiram Bryant, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster-out roll. James Crulip, Oct. 12, '61; veteran. Nelson Case, March 22, '64. Oliver P. Clark, Feb. 29, '64; veteran. Isaac Cook, Feb. 22, '65. Alva H. Cross, March 4, '65. E. S. Cogswell, Feb. 15, '65; wounded in action March 31, '65; absent at muster out. William H. Chase, Feb. 22, '64; prisoner from June 16 to Dec. 10, '64; discharged by general order June 22, '65. James H. Corkhuff, March 17, '64. Amos C. Clark, Dec. 29, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. William Case, March 22, '64; discharged May 3, '65. M. J. Coleman, July 20, '63; discharged on surg's certificate May 19, '65. William Carpenter, March 8, '65; discharged June 12, '65. Henry Case, March 21, '64; discharged May 31, '65. John M. Clark, Feb. 26, '64; discharged May 25, '65. William B. Crulip, Feb. i, '64; died July 10, '64. Charles D. Chrispell and Charles Clark, Oct. 12, '61; not on mus- ter-out roll. Elihu Dymond, Feb. 26, '64; veteran. Noah Doty, Feb. 13, '64. James Divine, Sept. 13, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Asa P. Daniels, Feb. 18, '64. John Dellingham, March 21, '65; discharged June 20, '65. G. E. Durnblaver, Feb. 16, '64; captured; died Dec. 14, '64, at Salisbury, N. C. Milo R. Deraond, Isaac Dy- mond, Thomas J. Dymond, Robert Dymond and Jacob Deloy, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster-out roll. Joseph Es- terbrook, Aug. 26, '63; drafted. Randolph L. Evans, Feb. 29, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, May 10, '64. Oakley Evans, Oct. 12, '61; prisoner from Aug. 25, '64, to June 21, '65; discharged June 22, '65; veteran. Freeman Evans, Charles S. Evans and Isaac Elison, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster-out roll. John A. Fulkerson, Feb. 23, '64; mustered out with company June 30, '65. Lyman Flick, Oct, 12, '61; mustered out Nov, 7, '64, Perry Frantz, Feb, 29, '64; discharged June 2, '65. Jober C. Freeman, Feb. 29, '64; died July 6, '64. Eban Forbes and Ansel Fapet, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster-out roll. William Goldsmith, Oct. 12, '61; veteran. Thomas Green, Feb. 14, '65; discharged June 22, '65. Edward Gatti, Aug. 24, '63; drafted. Charles Gray and Jacob Guyger, Aug. 24, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Wil- liam Givins, Oct. 12, '61; mustered out Nov. 2, '64. John H, Greer, Feb, 14, '65; discharged June 7, '65. Wells Garrison, Feb. 29, '64; discharged June 7, '65. Henry Gilbert, Feb. 29, '64; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Sept. 20, '64. Peter L. Green, May i, '65; died in field hospital May 28, '65. James C. Higgins, Mar. 8, '64; not on muster-out roll. Charles Hiney, Nov. 12, '61; deserted; returned. Richmond M. Hall, Feb. 14, '65. Levi W. Handen, Mar. 18, '64; captured May 12, '64; COMPANY F, FIFTY-THIRD REGIMENT— THE FIFTY SIXTH. 129 absent at muster out. Daniel Harris, Oct. 12, '61; mus- tered out Nov. 7, '64. Jasper Hubble, Mar. 26, '64; dis- charged on surg's certificate May 14, '64. Charles T. Hay, Feb. 29, '64; discharged on surg's certificate May 14. '64. Henry Hoover, Oct. 12, '61; mustered out Nov. 7, '64. George Hoover, May 1, '64; discharged May 31, '65. Frank B. Harding, May 26, '64; discharged June 15, '65. Robert F. Hunter, Feb. 12, '64; transferred to veteran reserve corps May 16, '64. Giles Harris, Feb. i, '64; died in field hospital Mar. 19, '64. Solomon Hall, Charles Hughey, John Herlocher, Morris Hatton and Enoch Hoover, Oct. 12, '6t; not on muster out roll. Robert Jacobs, Feb. 14, '65. Andrew Jackson, Sept. ig, "63; absent, sick, at muster out. David James, July 24, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. John R. King, Oct. 12, '61; veteran. Max Kerr, Sept. 17, '6^; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Francis Knowels, Aug. 24; '9y, drafted. Sheldon Krisman, Oct. 12, '6i; not on muster out roll. John H. Lowe, Mar. 22, '64. Joseph Liptret, July 7, '63; prisoner from June 22 to Dec. 21,. '64. Boofhearts Lewis, Aug. 22, '63; absent, sick, at muster ont. Joshua S. Lyons, Mar. 5, '65. Isaac Lord, Washington Lorrish and George Loply, Oct. 12, not on muster out roll. Jacob Myers, Aug 7, '64. Hub- bard Maynard, Feb. 11, '64. John Mulbury, Sept. 29, '63; discharged on surg's certificate May 29, '65. Philip C. Montross, Feb. 29, '64; killed at Cold Harbor June 3, '64. Marcus May, Charles Mandeville, Robert Martin and Killean Martin, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster-out roll. Dennis M'Milken, July 13, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. Edward M'Merdice, July 20, '63. Peter M'Donald, Feb. 23, '64. Robert M'Guire, Oct. 12, '61; killed at Gettysburg. William Nelson Sept. 14, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. James M. Norris, Oct. 12, '61; mustered out Nov. 7, '64. Joseph Nulton, Feb. i '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house May 12, '64. Miles F New- berry and Norton L. Newberry, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster out roll. . Charles Oakley, Sept. 17, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Joseph Penn, Aug. 23, '64; sub- stitute; discharged Aug. 16, '65. Philo B. Phenix, Feb. 23, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. John Perry, Feb. 16, '65; discharged June 22, '65. John Powell, Aug. 22, '6^; absent, sick, at muster out. David Parkes, Sept. 17, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. Hugh W. Patton, Oct. 12, '61; veteran. Thomas Patton, May 26, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house May 12, '64. William Phenix, Oct. 12, '6i. died at Washington, D. C, May 20, '64. George H. Perrigo, May 24, '64; died. H. W. Pembleton, Oct 12, '61; died Nov. 10, '64. Rufus V. Parish, Feb. 6, '64; captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Dec. 4, '64. Edward Pembleton, Samuel H. Parks and Amos Poole, Oct. 12, '6r; not on muster out roll. Oliver L. Rousby, Oct. 12, '61; veteran. George Reed, Feb. 25, '65. Charles Redfield, Sept. 17, '63; drafted; sick at muster out. Matthew S. Rambo, Aug. 29, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Wil- liam Richards, Feb. 24, '64; discharged July '65. Philip Shaffer, Mar. 20, '64. Bernhard Smith, Aug. 24, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. John H. Shroff, Se])t. 17, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. Henry Smith and James Sheridan, Sept. 13, '63, and D. H. Silkworth, Feb. 27, '64, absent, sick, at muster out. Meyran Strickland, Oct. 12, '61; mustered out Nov. 7, '64. H. S. Shaffer, July 20, "63; discharged June 6, '65. Philip Sarber, Mar. 22, '64,; died at Washington, D. C, May lo, '64. James N. Scovel, Feb. 24, '64; captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Nov. 5, '64. Lewis E. Scanten, May 26, '64; cap- tured; died at Andersonville Aug. 31, '64. Sylvester Shemake, John Specie, Cornelius Sites and Peter Spencer, Oct. 12, '61 ; not on muster-out roll. Calvin Towner, Feb. 14, '65; discharged June 8, '65. William Thompson, Oct. t2, '61; absent, in arrest, at muster out. Daniel Towner, Feb. 14, '65. Joseph Turner, Aug. 22, '6;^; absent, sick, at muster out. C. VV. Thompson. Dec. 29, '63; discharged Aug. 9. '65. George M. Tenant, Feb. 16, '65; killed in action Mar. 31, '65. Thomas W. Tenant, Feb. 16, '65; killed in action Mar. 31, '65. Benjamin Vandyne, Mar. 29, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. John Vanderberg, Oct. r2, '6r; veteran. S. Vangerder and Augustus Wh''elock, Oct. 12, '61; not on muster out roll. William Williams, Feb. 16, '65. Theodore Weltref, Aug. 24, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. John Walker, Mar. 29, '64. Lewis Webb, Feb. 6, '64: absent, sick, at muster out. Peter Wagenor, .Aug, 22, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. Benson J. Worden, Oct. 12, '61; veteran. John N. AVhipple, Sept. 18, '64; discharged May 31, '65. Peter Wilson, Feb. 29, '64: discharged May 10, '65. H. C. Walbrigle, Mar. 31, '64; discharged June 8, '65. James Wright, Sept. 19, '63; drafted; discharged June 15, '65. Hubbard Wheeler, J)ec. 22, '6;^; discharged June 15. '65. William Willison, ¥eb. I, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house May lo, '64. John H. Wordan, Feb. 29, '64; died at Point Lookout, Maryland, Oct. 17, '64. Charles W. Wordan, Feb. 29, '64; died at Dallas, Pa., Nov. 7, '64. George W. Willis and Jones F. Westover,. Oct. 12, '61; not on muster-out roll. CHAPTER XXI. LUZERNE IN THE CIVIL WAR HISTORIES OF THE FIFTY- SIXTH, FIFTY-SEVENTH AND FIFTY-EIGHTH REGIMENTS. J HEN the 56th regiment left Camp Curtin, March 8th, 1862, for Washington, it had only eight and one-half companies, of which Company G was from Luzerne county. On the 27th it embarked for Acquia Land- S^!^ ing, where it arrived the next day. It was en- gaged till May loth repairing the track and landing of the Fredericksburg and Richmond Railroad. In the latter part of May it went forward on the campaign of 1862, and was first engaged at Gaincsv'ille on the 29th of August. It was engaged in the second battle of Bull Run as a support to other troops. It marched with the army to South Mountain, where it was engaged with the brigade of General Doubleday, of which it was a part, and in this action its loss was severe. It look part in the battle of Antietam, but in this action it did not suffer severely. On the 2nd of November it was again in ac- tion, at Union, where it lost five killed and ten wounded. Although under fire at the battle of Fredericksburg, it was not actively engaged and suffered no loss. It went into winter quarters at Pratt's Landing on the 28th of December, and with the exception of the " mud march," in which it participated, remained there till the latter part of April, 1863. At the battle of Chancellorsville the 56th, which then numbered 21 officers and 289 enlisted men, was deployed as skirmishers to cover the crossing of a party for the purpose of dislodging the enemy's sharpshooters. It =#^ 17 4^ 130 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. was not otherwise actively engaged, but in this service it lost 2 killed and 7 wounded. It was again under fire at Brandy Station. At the battle of Getty.sburg the 56th was the first that fired, and thus the battle was opened by this regiment. It was closelv engaged during both days and its losses amounted to about ten killed, sixty-five wounded and eighty missing. In November at Mine Run the regiment was charged with the duty of guarding and afterward destroying a bridge, which it accomplished with the loss of five men wounded. In March, 1864, a portion of the regiment, having re-enlisted, were granted a veteran furlough. On their return they entered upon the memorable campaign of the Wilderness, and were engaged on the 5th and 6th of May, in the first of which encounters lieutenant Miller, of Company G, was killed, The regi- ment fought again at Laurel Hill, at Bloody Angle on the nth, and at Jericho ford on the 21st. It was engaged in heavy skirmishing on the 25th and was in the action at Bethesda Church on the 30th. From this time till the explosion of the mine at Petersburg the regiment shared the fortunes and vicissitudes of the army and was fre- quently in action. August i8th it was engaged at Yel- low House, on the Weldon railroad, and captured a battle-flag; and the next day was in action with its brigade, when the enemy were driven from their works, leaving 50 killed, three battle-flags and 300 prisoners. It was engaged at Hatcher's Run in October, and again at the same place on the 5th and 6th of February, :865. It shared the honors and hardships of the final campaign and was mustered out at Philadelphia July ist, 1865. Below will be found the record of Company G of the 56th. The dates of muster-in appear in connection with the names. Where nothing is said to the contrary the men were mustered out July 1st, 1865. We give also a synopsis of the record of the FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. Colonels. — Sullivan A. Meredith, Sept. i, '61; wounded at Bull Run, Aug. 30, '62; promoted brig. gen. Nov. 29, '62. J.William Hofmann, Oct. i, '61; promoted from lieut. col. Mar. i, '63; brev. brig. gen. Aug. i, '64. Henry A. Laycock, Nov. 17, '61; promoted from ist lieut. Company I to maj. Jan. 30, '65; lieut. col. Mar. 16, '65; col. Mar. 17, '65. Lieutatani Colonels. — George B. Osborne, Sept. 15, '61; promoted from capt. Company A to lieut. col. Mar. i, '63; brev. col. Dec. 2, '64; discharged Dec. 25, '64. John T. Jack, May 28, '62; promoted from capt. Company H to maj. May 9, '63; lieut. col. Jan. 30, '65; resigned May 15, '65. John A. Black, Sept. 25, '61; promoted from capt. Company B to maj. Mar. 16, '65; to lieut. col. Mar. 17, '65- Major. — John B. Smith, Nov. i, 6i; resigned Feb. 12, '6-i. Adjutant. — Jacob F. Chur, Oct. r, 61; discharged Dec. i6, '63. Quartermaster. — Henry Paschall, Oct. r, '61; discharg- ed Nov. 2, '63. Samuel A. M'Fall, Oct. 23, '61; pro- moted from 2nd lieut. Company A June 3, '64; capt. Company A Dec. 4, '64; not mustered; mustered out Jan. 24, '65. Milton J. Slocum, Feb. 13, '64; promoted from ist lieut. Company D to Q. M. Jan. 25, '65. Surgeons.— ]!.mts P. Wilson, Oct. 15, '61; mustered out April 23, '62. J. P. M'Cleary, Oct. 15, '61; pro- moted from ass't surg. April 24, '64; resigned Sept. 10, '62. John M. Junkin, Oct. i, '62; transferred to 64th Pennsylvania Jan. 17, '63. John C. Lyons, Mar. 18, '63; promoted from ass't surg; transferred to 64th Pennsyl- vania Jan. 17, '65. Joseph F. Shoemaker, Mar. 25, '65. Assistant Surgeons. — J. B. Newbaker, Aug. i, '62; re- signed Nov. I, '62. W. W. Culver, Nov. 22, '62; resigned Feb. 25, '65. Georg.; Stitzell, Mar. 24, '63; resigned Aug. 13, '63. W. P. Nebinger, Aug. 27, '63; resigned Oct. 6, '64. P. H. Pennsyl, Oct. 12, '64. Chaplains.—^. Cunningham, Mar, 6, '62;^ discharged Sept. 20, '62. Benjamin R. Smith, Sept. 24, '64. COMPANY G. Cj^f^r.!-.— Captains— Joseph K. Helmbold, Sept. 8, '62; resigned Mar. 15, '63. David J. Dickson, Dec. 3, '61; promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. Oct. 11, '62; to ist lieut. Oct. 26, '62; to capt. Aug. 16, '63; mustered out Mar. 7, '65. James N. Davenport, Dec. 5, '61; pro- moted from ist sergt. to ist lieut. Aug. 4, '64; capt. June 4, '65; veteran. First lieutenants — Daniel Dobra, re- signed Oct. 24, '62. John W. Fike, Dec. 5, '61; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Oct. 26, '62; ist lieut. Aug. 16, '63; died Oct. 18, '63. Henry C. Titman, promoted from sergt. to ist. lieut. Dec. 6, '63; killed at Wilderness May 5, '64. Thomas W. Edwards, Jan. i, '64; promoted from ist sergt. to ist lieut. June 4, '65; veteran. Second lieutenants — Henry J. Bashore, Feb. 15, '62; resigned Sept. 28, '62. Edward Phillips, Jan. i, '64; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. June 9, '65; veteran. First ser- geants — William Briggs, Jan. i, '64: promoted to sergt. Jan. I, '65; to ist sergt. June 9, '65; veteran. John L. Blessing, Dec. 19, '61; discharged by special order Apr. 16, '62. Sergeants — Conrad Miller, Jan. i, '64; dis- charged on surg's certificate May 10, '65; veteran. John D.Davenport, Apr. 15, '64; promoted sergt. Jan. i, '65; veteran. James Lewis, Feb. 12, '64; promoted corp. May I, '65; sergt. June 9, '65; veteran. Eli Swartz, Mar. 30, '64; promoted corp. June i, '65; sergt. June 9, '65. Charles B. Post; killed Apr. 29, '63. Henry C.' Matter; not on muster out roll. Corporals — Charles H. Clock, Feb. 12, '64; promoted corp. Jan. i, '65; absent, wounded, at muster out; veteran. James H. Hatherill, Mar. 28, '64; promoted corp. Mar. i, '65. William Simmons, Mar. 28, '64; promoted corp. Mar. i, '65. David Johnston, Mar. 15, '65; promoted corp. June i, '65. John Brown, Feb. 12, '64; promoted corp. Mar. i, '65; veteran. rTobias Sink, Jan. 13, '62; dererted; returned. Philip Eck and C. W. Waltimyer; not on muster out roll. George W. W. Myers and George W. Bowerman, Aug. 13, '62; dis- charged May 31, '65. Musicians — William Osborn. William S. Sheerer; not on muster out roll. Privates. — Charles Aich, not on muster out roll. Abram Besicker, Feb. 12, '64; veteran. Adam Besicker, Mar. 17, '64; veteran. Michael Better, April 11, '65; substitute; discharged July 20, '65. William Real, Mar. 15, '65; drafted. Jacob Barras, Mar. 15, '65; drafted. John Boor, Nov. 28, '64; drafted. Frederick Berringer, July 21, 62; absent, sick, at muster out. Lewis Briggs and James P. Brown, not on muster out roll. Nelson Betron, captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Jan. 12, '65. Stephen Bailey, not on muster out roll. John Confer and Aaron Confer, Mar. 15, '65; drafted; mustered out with company July 1, '65. Daniel Cooster, Aug. 20, '63; drafted; mustered out with company July i, '65. Sam- uel R. Corbett, Mar. 15, '65; drafted; mustered out with *^^- <^ company July i, '65. Abram L. Clock, Samuel Croft, Thomas Clark and Patrick D. Curry, not on muster out roll. Anthony Day, Mar. 15, '65; drafted. Henry Debraun, April 11, '65; discharged June 29, '65. Abram Depew, died at Alexandria, Va., June 15, '65. Elijah Detrick, not on muster out roll. James Elliott, July 5, '64; drafted. John Engleman, not on muster out roll. George W. Foulkrod, Feb. 13, '64; absent, wounded, at muster out; veteran. William Fox, George J. Fulmer and George Fulmer, Mar. 15, '65; drafted; mustered out with company July i, '65. Samuel A. Foulkrod and Charles B. Frazee, not on muster out roll. Henry Growner and John Gougler, Mar. 15, '65; drafted; mustered out with company July i, '65. Israel Gordon, not on muster-out roll. Paul Hughes, Mar. 15, '65; drafted. Robert Harford, John Henry and Peter Hush- elbeck, not on muster-out roll. Harrison Jones, Mar. 15. '65! drafted. Jacob Jackson, not on muster-out roll. George Kiser, Mar. 15, '65; drafted; mustered out with company July i, '65. Eli Kiser, Mar. 15, '65; drafted; discharged by general order July 20, '65. John Kaiser ist, John Kaiser 2nd, Abram Keely, James Kerr and Simon Knight, Mar. 15, '65; drafted; mustered out with company July i, '65. Ed- ward P. Kytte, Abram Kittle and Timothy Kern; not on muster-out roll. Peter Lutz; March 15, '65; drafted; dis- charged. Samuel B. Lasthan, William Lowers, Michael Long and Charles Lineman, March 15, '65; drafted; mustered out with company July i, '65. Fletcher Line; not on muster-out roll. Leroy Marshall, April 4, '65; substitute. Peter Mannas, Martin L. Mehrlon and Thomas H. Morgan, March 15, '65; drafted; mustered out with company July i, '65. Jacob W. Miller, Sept. 21, '64; drafted; discharged May 31, '65. Albert Matte- son; died January 11, '63. William Miller and John Mulhern; not on muster-out roll. Francis Morris; died May 31, '65,' at Alexandria, Va. A. M'Guilker, March 15, '65; drafted. Francis M'Cue, Oct. 31, '64. Wm. M'Cullough, March 15, '65; drafted. Barnhard M'Entire, March 15, '65; drafted; absent, sick, at muster-out. Wil- M'Elhattan, Samuel M'Elhattan, Joseph M'Elhattan, John M'Dowell and William M'Dowell, March 15, '65; drafted; mustered out with company July i, '65_. Owen M'Donald; died at City Point, Va., December 10, '64. Isaac Nelson, July 19, '64; drafted. Samuel Null, Sept. 21, 64; drafted; discharged May 31, '65. Francis Newcombe ; discharged March 2, '65. John Pease, Aug. 13, '62; discharged May 31, '65. Ja- cob Pletcher, March 20, '65; drafted; discharged July 17, '65. Comer Phillips; not on muster-out roll. John Pickering; died May 4, '64. George B. Palmer; not on muster-out roll. John Ralston, March 15, '65; drafted. George Rice, Nov. 28, '64; drafted. Wesley Remaley, Jan. 13, '62; deserted; returned. John Ruth, Feb. 12, '64; captured; discharged June 3, '65. John Remaley and Stephen Remaley; not on muster-out roll. William Stull, March 15, '65; drafted; discharged July 15, '65. George Shaffer, Sept. 26, '64; drafted; discharged May 31, '65. Noah Stevens: not on muster-out roll. Lewis E. Slote; captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Feb. 11, '65. William C. Strenk; died Aug. 12, '64. Abram Swartz; died Jan. 7, '65. Isaac B. Titus, Jan. 14, '64; veteran. Job Thomas, Aug. 31, '63: drafted. Charles Taylor; not on muster-out roll. John Waltmyer, Jan. t, '64; absent, wounded, at muster out; veteran. Harmon Watkins, April s, '65; drafted; discharged July 3, '65. FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. On the 14th of December, 1861, this regiment moved to Washington, and in February, 1862, it joined the Army of the Potomac. It was at the siege of Yorktown, where it had one man killed and five wounded, and where the health of the rest suffered greatly from malaria. While before Yorktown the regiment was in a slight engagement. It was engaged at Fair Oaks, where it lost seven killed and forty-nine wounded. It was again in action at Charles City Cross Roads, where it lost seven killed and fifty-six wounded. At Malvern Hill it was also in action, and lost two killed and eight wounded. On the 30th of August it was engaged at the second battle of Bull Run, and lost three wounded. Four companies of the 57th were sent after the battle of Chantilly under a flag of truce to bring away the body of General Kearney, who was killed in that action. In the battle of Fredericksburg the regiment lost 21 killed, 76 wounded and 78 missing. At the battle of Chan- cellorsville it lost 13 killed, 48 wounded and 23 missing. It was engaged both days at Gettysburg and lost 12 killed, 45 wounded and 47 missing. It was also engaged at Auburn Creek, Kelly's Ford and Locust Grove, suffering some loss in each engagement. A large portion of the regiment re-enlisted and re- ceived a veteran furlough in January, 1864. In May they were engaged between Chancellorsville and Spottsylvania, where they lost heavily. From the 12th of May to the 14th of June they were often in action, with some loss. The regiment went to the front of Petersburg, where it remained till October, most of the time at the front and once sharply engaged. In that month it was in action at Hatcher's Run, and again on the sth of the following Feb- ruary. It was frequently engaged afterward and partici- pated in the movements which resulted in the capture of Richmond and the surrender of Lee's army. It was mustered out at Alexandria, Va., June 29th, 1865. This regiment included one company — A — recruited in Wyoming and Susquehanna counties. The best obtainable record of this company is given below. The first date is that of muster-in. Most of the men were mustered out June 29th, 1865, and that date is to be understood when none is given. COMPANY A. Officers. — Captains — Peter Sides, Dec. 4, '61; pro- moted lieut. col. Sept. 15, '62. Jerome R. Lyons, Dec. 4, '61; promoted from ist lieut. to capt., Sept. 15, '62; discharged Oct. 4, '64, for wounds received in action. Henry H. Hinds, Dec. 4, '61; promoted from ist sergt. to ist lieut. Jan. 7, '63; capt. May 15, '65; discharged May 15, '65. James M. Darling, Sept. 15, '61; dismissed June 15, '64. Daniel W. Gore, ist lieuts. — Edison J. Rice, Dec. 4, '61; wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, '62; promoted from 2nd to ist lieut. Sept. 15, '62 to capt. Go. E Feb. 28, '63. Franklin V. Shaw; veteran. 2nd lieuts. — Jeremiah C. Green, Dec. 4, '61; promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. Jan. 7, '63; wounded at Gettysburg; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house May 12, '64. George L. Amey, Dec. 4, '61; promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. April 16, '65; veteran, ist sergt., Joseph M. Tripp, Dec. 31, '61; promoted to sergt. April 18, '65; to ist sergt. June i, '65; veteran. Sergts. — Eli F. Hudson, Dec. 31, '61; promoted corp. April i, '64; sergt. Sept. ■^^^ -i 132 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. I, '64; absent, wounded, at muster out. G. B.' Cran- dall, Aug. 4, '62; promoted to corp. Sept. i, '64; sergt. Nov. i, '64; discharged June 10, '65. Abram Keefer, Feb. n, '64; promoted from corp. to sergt. June i, '65; William Doherty, Feb. 10, '64, promoted from corp. to sergt. June i, '65. William J. Gallagher, Aug. 29, '64; discharged May 31, '65. Edgar Vanfoan, April i, '62; mustered out April 10, '65. Cassius M. Rose, Dec. 31, '63; discharged May 8, '65; veteran. Solomon C. Miller, Oct. 4, '61; mustered out Oct. 25, '64. John Burnside, Oct. 4, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., July 18, '64. James H. Childs, Dec. 31, '63; killed at Wilderness, May 5, '64; veteran. William H. Cole, Dec. 31, '63; killed at Wilderness, May 5, '64; veteran. Edgar Williams, Oct. 4, '61; promoted to 2nd lieut. Company E Nov. 4, '63. A. B. Robinson, Nov. I, '61; mustered out Nov. 15, '64. George C. Green, Dec. 4, '61; not on muster out roll. William F. Bailey, Dec. 4. '61; mustered out Nov. 15, '64. William W. Hinds, Dec. 4,'6 1 ; not on muster out roll. Corporals — John O'Conner, Dec. 31, '63; promoted corp. Sept. i, '64; veteran. Samuel B. Taylor, Oct. 3, '64; drafted; pro- moted corp. April 18, '65. Gilbert H. Mitchell, Jan. i, '64; veteran. S. A. Kimball, Sept. 28, '64; drafted; pro- moted corp. April 18, '65; discharged June 24, '65. Foster R. Vincent, Feb. 16, '64; promoted corp. June i, '65. C. H. Warner, Mar. 12, '64; transferred from 141st Pennsylvania May 28, '65. Elias Foust, April 3, '65; substitute; promoted corp. June i, '65. Alvin Strope, Feb. 16, '64; promoted to corp. June i, '65; Chauncy Brace, Jan. i, '64; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Mar. 9, '65; veteran. Stephen Beals, Aug. 19, '64; discharged May 3 r, '65. Amos H. Miller, Oct. 22, '61; mustered out Oct. 25, '64. Edward F. Holly, Oct. 23, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., July 7, '64; grave 3,020. Phil. P. Robinson, Aug. 11, '62; died of wounds received at Wilderness May 6, '64. Julius B. Vanwinkle, Theodore S. Clink, Daniel Carey, Adelbert B. Robinson, John L. Strunk, Bentley Stark, Peter D. Kispaugh and Lidgar W. Avery, Dec. 4, '6r; not on muster out roll. Privates. — Levi Anson, Dec. 31, 'dy, veteran. John Ackley, Feb. 16, '64. Joseph B. Ashcraft, Aug. 18, '63; wounded at Wilderness, May 5, '64; absent at muster out. John L. Acker, Aug. 18, '62; discharged May 3:, '65. Lafayette Anson, Oct. 22, '61; mustered out Oct. 25, '64. Page Almon, March 17, '64; missing in action June 22, '64. John Austin, Dec. 4, '61, and Robert Aiken, Feb. 27, '64; not on muster-out roll. Benjamin Bailey, March 29, '64. Lewis Bowman, Feb. 16, '64. Cyrus Blue, Feb. 27, '64; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. Martin V. Billings, Dec. 4, '61; veteran. Charles Broch; deserted; returned; transferred from 35th Pa. June 17, '65. Fred- erick Burgess, Sept. 21, '64; William Bromley, Aug, 24, '64, and James Briggs, Aug. 29, 64; discharged May 31, '65. Frederick Brudick, Aug. 26, '64; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 9, '65. James M. Brady, Oct. 22, '61; mustered out Oct. 25, '64. Charles W. Butler, Nov. 19, '6,1; mustered out Nov. 23, '64. Ezra C. Browning, Philander S. Bronson, Patrick Barrett and Lewis Billings, Dec. 4, '61; not on muster-out roll. Isaac Brotzman, Dec. 4, '61; died Aug. 17, '63. Lyman Bolls, Dennis L. Bump and Horace J. Barnes, Dec. 4, '61; not on muster-out roll. Levi T. Bray, Feb. 12, '62; absent on detached duty at muster out; veteran. Francis Conrad, Dec. 21, '63; veteran. J. W. Chamberlain, Dec. 21, '63, absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. Charles H. Cole, Aug. 18, '63. Warren Cooper, Aug. 24, '64; substitute; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; discharged May 3r, '65. Michael Carey, April 3, '65; substitute, William Conrad, Dec. 21, '61; discharged June 5, '65; veteran. John Casson, Sept. i, '64; discharged May 31, '65. William P. Crans, Dec. 4, '61; mustered out Dec. 6, '64. Joseph Clark, Oct. 22, '61; died Oct. 2, '64, of wounds •"eceiv'^'^ at Peeble's Farm, Va., Sept. 29, '64. James Clink Adam Clink, Henry N. Capwell and Aaron Cogswell, Oct 22, '6t- not on muster-out roll. Charles Cramer; killed at Gettysburg July, '63. Patrick Doherty, Dec. 3'. 03; ueteran. Burton Demoney, Feb. 16, '64; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; discharged June 19. 65. Lewis Darling, Sept. 26, '64; substitute; discharged May 31 '65 Orlando M. Decker, Aug. 29, '62; discharged May 3, '65. William Drake, Oct. 22, '61; mustered out Oct 25, '64. Daniel Davney, Dec. 31, '61; mustered out Dec. 8, '64. Oliver Dickson, Nov. i, '61; transferred to Company C. Daniel Divene, Nov. i, '61; not on muster out roll.' Henry Dickson, Nov. I, '61; mustered out Nov. 14, '64. John W. Divine, James E. Dickenson, Fernan- do' C. Decker and Sidney Dickenson, Nov. i, '61; not on muster-out roll. Ward Eastabrook, Dec. 31, '63; veteran. Levi Emery, Feb. 11, '64; killed at Wilderness May 5, '64. Phelps Elmer, Oct. 22, '61; missing at Freder- icksburg Dec. 13,. '62. J. Ellison; died at Rich- mond, Va., Nov. 5, '63. Thomas Foster, Feb. 16, ^64. Casper Feltman, Aug. 27, '64; discharged May 31, '65. John C. Forbes, Sept. 28, '64; drafted; discharged May 31, '65. Henry Forbes, Oct. 22, '61; mustered out Oct. 25, '64- Lyman C. Fonish, Oct. 22, '61 ; mustered out Nov. 14, '64,' Henry E. Fox, Aug. 18, '62; died at City Point, Va., Mar. 23, '65. John Fitzgerald and Jacob Freeman, Nov. T, '61; not on muster out roll. James A. Foster and Samuel Foster, Feb. 25, '64; not on muster out roll. Ed- win C. Goodrich, Dec. 13, '63; veteran. Horace Gree- ley, Aug. 29, '64; substitute; discharged May, 31, '65. Erastus Green, Oct. 22,- '61; mustered out Oct. 25, '64. John W. Granger, Luther A. Granger and George D. Gregory, Nov. i, '61; not on muster out roll. Minor Hoover, Mar. 29, '64. Nathan Hoffman, Apr. 3, '65; substitute. Rudolph Hannsman, Aug. 26, '64; substi- tute; discharged May 31, '65; Michael Horton, Aug. 13, '62; discharged May 31, '65. William Holly, Feb. 16, '64; discharged June 12, '65. Lyman Heman, Feb. 16, '64; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 13, '64. Jonathan Heman 2nd, Mar. 25, '64; died at Washington, D. C, [une, '64. Jonathan Heman ist, Feb. 16, '64; deserted June 16, '64. Asa L. Harding, Nov. i, '61; not on muster out roll. George P. Hopkins; died at Philadelphia, Pa., July 22, '62. John J. Harrington, Nov. i, '61; not on muster out roll. Oscar Hashman, Aug. 26, '64; discharged Aug. 23, '65. James Johnson, Mar. 28, '64. George John>;on, Mar. 26, '64; wounded at Spottsylvania Court-house May 12, '64; absent at muster out. Francis Johnson, Mar. 26, '64. Xavier Joset, Aug. 2, '64; substitute; discharged June 29, '65. Freeman Jones, Nov. i, '61; not on muster-O'.it roll. George Keesley and John Keller.Ap. 3, '65 ; substitutes. Henry Keller, April 8, '65; substitute. Thomas Kench, Nov. 7, '6t; absent, sick, at muster out. William li. Keaton and Richard N. Kennedy, Nov. t, '61; not on muster out roll. J. Kirkhoff; died April 12, '65. Jere- miah Lindinmith, April 3, '65; substitute. Joseph Larum, April 8, '65; substitute; absent, sick, at muster out. Sumner E. Lines, Nov. r, '61; died at City Point, Va., June 18, '64. Clark M. Lyons, Nov. i, '61; pro- moted adj. May 2, '64. Renard C. Lewis, Nov. i, '61; not on muster out roll. Charles Murray, Feb. 29, '64; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. Abram Mover, April 8, '65; substitute. Johnson Madison, Aug. 28, '62; missing at Gettysburg July 3, '63. Hiram H. Meeker and Thomas M. Manard, Nov. i, '61; not on muster roll. Stephen H. Manard, Nov. i, '61; killed at Fair Oaks May 31, 'O2. Samuel Marshall, Dec. 30, '61; veteran. Hugh M'Cann, April 3, '65; substitute. John M'Canaha, Aug. 29, '64; substitute; discharged May 31, '65. James M'Neal, *^B= Hh <^ COMPANY A, FIFTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT— THE FIFTY-EIGHTH. 133 Aug. 9, '62; discharged May 31, '65. John M'Keel, Sept. 28, '64; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate April 4, '65. John C. M'Cormick and Charles M'Cormick, Nov. I, '6r; not on muster out roll. Nelson Northrop, Feb. 16, '64; tranferred to V. R. C; discharged July 21, '65. Frederick Nauman, Nov. i, '61; not on muster out roll. Charles Oliphant, Mar. 17, '64,; discharged June 14, '65. Ferdinand Otis, Israel Otis and William H. Osborn, Nov. I, '61; not on muster-out roll. Stephen M. Osborn, Nov. 1, '61; died at Alexandria, Va., March 16, '64. Edward S. Perkins, Dec. 31, '63; dis- charged by special order March 12, '64. Henry W. Pot- ter, Charles P. Post, William H. Penny and Sidney E. Penny, Nov. i, '61; not on muster out roll. John Pool, Feb. 16, '64. Patrick Quigley, Jan. 11, '64; wounded at Wilderness May 5, '64; absent at muster out. John H. Rowe, Nov. 25, '61 ; wounded at Wilder- ness May 5, '64; mustered out Nov. 16, '64. Hiram Robinson, Aug. 18, '63; wounded at Wilderness May 5, '64; discharged July 31, '65. Thomas M. Rob- inson, Aug. 18, '63. Charles Reitz, Aug. 26, '64; substi- tute; discharged May 31, '65. John W. Rolfe, Oct. 22, '61; sentenced by general court martial to Dry Tortugas April 30, '64. Emerson Reynolds, Nov. i, '6t; killed at Chancellorsville May 3, '63. Mortimer Roberts, Nov. i, '61; not on muster-out roll. Nathaniel Strope, Mar. 10, '64. Henry Steele, Mar. 17, '64. Conrad Shank, Aug. 23, '64; substitute; absent, sick, at muster out. John Smith, Aug. 12, '64; substitute; wounded Mar. 25, '65; discharged June 7, '65. Charles Smead, Nov. 11, '64; sub- stitute; mustered out June 29, '65. George E. Stage, Mar. 31, '64; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; absent at muster out. David E. Sarver, Aug. 27, '64; discharged May 19, '65. Benjamin E. Seeley, Feb. 13, '64; discharged on surg's certificate April 14, '65. William Smith, Oct. 22, '61; mustered out Oct. 25, '64. Oscar Shores, Oct. 22, '61; mus- tered out Oct. 25, '64. Samuel Spiker, Sept. 26, '64; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 1 9, '65. Daniel Smith, died June 14, '64. Stogdell Storm, Jeremiah Storm, Fred Stephens, James Straney, N. Y. Sherwood, Michael Saxton, Walter B. Simpson, Mitdul O. Stark, Frank O. Sember, Bentley Stark, P. B. Strickland, George E. Stage and John L. Strunk, Nov. i, '61; not on muster out roll. Robert Tinker, Aug. 10, '64; substitute. Henry W. Terry, Feb. 25, '62; wounded May 3, '63; absent at mus- ter out. James Tallent and Henry W. Terry, Nov. i, '61; not on muster-out roll. Milton S. Travis, Nov. t, '61; died at Alexandria, Va., June it, '64. Volney VV. Tiffaney, Nov. I, '6t; killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62. Zebulon Vincent, March 22, '64; discharged on surg's certificate April IS, '65. Chester Vandipool, Feb. 29, '64; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps. Eli Vandipool, Feb. 11, '64; killed at Wilderness May 5, '64. Charles Vandipool, March 29, '64; killed at Wilderness May 5, '64. William W. Wright, Dec. 31, '6t,; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. Uriah Wheeler, Feb. 16, '64; wounded at Wil- derness May s, '64; absent at muster out. Richard Wheeler, March 22, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Hiram Weaver, Oct. 8, '64; substitute. Martin V. Wise, Dec. 31, '6^; wounded at Wilderness May 5, '64; absent at muster out; veteran. Joseph E. Wilson, April 2, '65; substitute; absent, sick, at muster out. Jacob Weise, April 2, '65; substitute. John Wise, April 3, '65; substi- tute. John Watson, July 25, '64; substitute; discharged May 31, '65. George B. Wilmoth, Nov. i, '61; not on muster-out roll. W. J. Whitney, Nov. i, '61; wounded at Charles City Cross Roads June 30, '62, and at Chancellorsville May 3, '63; discharged. Joshua Wick- son, Warren S. Wood, Martin Wice and Erastus Warren, Nov. i, '61; not on muster-out roll. James A. Wiggins, Nov. 19, '61; mustered out Dec. 4, '64. Paul Weale ; died at Andersonville, Ga., August 23, '64- FIFTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT. Of this regiment a portion of Company I was from Luzerne county. It was organized in February, 1862, by the consolidation of parts of two regiments that were partly full. The regiment left Philadelphia March 8th, 1862, for Fortress Monroe. May loth, with other troops, the 58th embarked for Norfolk, debarking at Ocean View and marching to the city, which was found deserted. It soon afterward went to Portsmouth, where it engaged in guard, picket and fatigue duty, occasionally going on expeditions in which it was engaged in skirmishes. January 5th, 1863, it sailed for Beaufort, N. C, where it arrived on the following day and camped eight miles west of Newbern. While there it encountered occasional scouting parties of the enemy, and finally, on the 12th of February, the regiment went in search of the camp of these scouts, which it found, surprised, routed and de- stroyed. Several skirmishes and slight battles occurred in the vicinity. In May the regiment marched to Kins- ton with the 25th Mass. and captured the works there and 175 prisoners. Soon afterward a battle was fought at Bachelor's Creek, and Colonel Jones of the 58th was killed. In June the regiment went to Washington, N. C, and while there occasional skirmishes and minor battles took place. In the latter part of April, 1864, the regiment went to Fortress Monroe; thence to Yorktown, and from there via Bermuda Hundred to the vicinity of Petersburg On the 9th of May, in an encounter with the enemy, the 58th lost 20 killed and wounded. It was not engaged again south of the James. At Cold Harbor it was twice in action, losing heavily. In September the regiment participated in an assault on Fort Harrison, in which, out of 9 officers and 228 men, 6 officers and 128 men were killed or wounded. The same day they assaulted another fort and spiked its guns, and the next repulsed with terrible slaughter an attack on Fort Harrison. The regiment was twice afterward inaction without casualties. It was also engaged in guard and picket duty, building fortifications, slashing timber, digging rifle pits, etc. It was in the final campaign and was afterward under the orders of the Freedmen's Bureau. It was not mustered out till January, 1866. While the 58th was chiefly recruited at Philadelphia, Company I contained a representation from Luzerne, and we give a roll of that company, although it was partly raised in Northumberland county. Following the name of each man is the date when he was mustered in. Unless otherwise stated he was mustered out with the regiment. COMPANY I. Officers. — Captains — John Buyers, Jan. 28, '62; resigned May 30, '63. Angello Jackson, Dec. 24, '61; promoted from ist lieut. to capt. Aug. 19, '63; dismissed Sept. 25, '65. First lieutenants — Thomas Birmingham, Oct. 29, '61; promoted Tromist sergt.'to 2nd lieut. Dec. 13, '62; *^-¥ 4 =-»=^^ "^7* 134 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. to ist lieiit. Aug. 19, '63; wounded at Fort Harrison, Va. Sept. 29, '64; promoted to capt. Company G March i, '65. Heber Painter, Oct. 8, '61; promoted from private to ist. sergt. Nov. 26, '64; ist lieut. March i, '65; capt. Jan. 23, '66; not mustered; veteran. Second lieutenant, John R. Searles, Jan 28, '62; died at Suffolk, Va., Dec. 13, '62. First sergeants — William H. Blair, Nov. 20, '61; promoted corp. Dec. i, '64; ist sergt. March i, '65; ist lieut. Jan. 23, '66; not mustered; veteran. Robert Hedian, Jan. 13, '62; promoted sergt. Jan. 23, '62; ist sergt. Jan. 28, 63; 2nd lieut. June 5, '63;- not mustered discharged May 6, '65, for wounds received at Fort Har rison, Va., Sept. 29, '64. Sergeants — James Harlor, Dec 9, '61; promoted corp. Oct. i. '64; sergt. April 25, '65 veteran. Samuel Wolf, Oct. 8, '61; promoted corp. Oct I, '63; sergt. April 25, '65; 2nd lieut. Jan. 23, '66; not mustered; veteran. William H. Gass, Oct. 8, '61; pro moted corp. Jan. 25, '65; sergt. April 25, '65; vet eran. Norman W. Haas, Oct. 8, '61; promoted corp June 10, '65; sergt. June 26, '65; veteran. John M Dickover, Oct. 24, '61; promoted corp. Jan. 13, '62; sergt, Dec. II, '62; discharged May 6, '65, for wounds received at Chapin's Farm, Va., Sept. 29, '64; veteran. Samuel C. Barton, July 29, '62; promoted corp. March i, '65; sergt. May 20, '65; discharged June 12, '65. George W. Kease, Jan. 23, '62; died at Suffolk, Va., Dec. 11, '62. Corps. — Robert Martin, Oct. 8, '61; promoted corp.; prisoner from Sept. 29 to Oct. 20, '64; veteran. George W. Adams, Nov. 22, '61; promoted corp. Oct. 27, '62; wounded at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, '64; absent at muster out; veteran. Hiram Fisher, Dec. 30, '61; pro- moted corp. April i, '65; veteran. Samuel Taylor, Oct. 8, '61, and George D. Aton, Dec. 31, '61; promoted corps. April 8, '65; veterans. John Fisher, Dec. 30, '61; promoted corp. April 24, '65; veteran. H. Housewart, Dec. 18, '61; promoted corp. Dec. 18, '62; killed in action Sept. 29, '64; veteran. James De Witt, Feb. 28, '62; pro- moted corp. Nov. 6, '62; mustered out Feb. 28, '65. Jo- seph Nagle, Dec. 5, '61; promoted corp. April 4, '65; dis- charged May 24, '65, for wounds received at Chapin's Farm, Va. , Sept. 29, '64; veteran. Solomon Yordy, Jan. 23, '62; promoted corp. Dec. 18, '62; mustered out Jan. 24, '65. Joseph Crist, Oct. 8, '6r; promoted corp. Jan. 23, '62; mustered out Nov. 19, '64. Henry Batsher, Oct. 8, '61; promoted corp. Dec. 21, '62; died Oct. 19, '64, of wounds received at Chapin's Farm, Va., Sept, 29, '64; veteran. Bennett E. Cobley, Jan. 13, '62; died at Hamp- ton, Va., Sept. 17, '64. Daniel Bochner, Jan. 13, '62; promoted corp. Oct. 27, '62; transferred to 4th U. S. Ar- tillery Nov. 24, '62. Jacob M. Boyd, Aug. 25, '62; pro- moted Corp. Dec. 20, '62; transferred to U. S. Signal Corps, Aug. 20, '63. L. H. Gaffney, Aug. 3, '62; pro- moted corp, Oct. I, '64; sergt. maj. Dec. 19, '64. Musi- cian, John Mullen, Nov. 20, '61; veteran. Privates. — Solomon P. Aton, Nov. 20, '61; veteran. Louis Angermiller, Aug. 5, '64; substitute. H. A. Addle- man, Nov. 2, '64; substitute; mustered out Nov. 3, '65. Samuel Bartsher, Oct. 8, '61, and Aaron Burket, Dec. 27, '61; veterans. Robert Brown, Sept. 25, '62; discharged June 7, '65. John Barton, Jan. 13, '62; died July 30, '64, of wounds received at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, '64. Martin L. Bloom, Oct, 8, '61; died in Northum- berland county. Pa., Dec. 7, '64; veteran. Robert W. Bell, Jan, 13, '62; deserted Jan. 17, '62. Edward Berney, Dec. 9, '61; deserted Jan. 8, '62. Charles H. Cook, Dec. 17, '61, and William H. Cook, Oct. 30, '61; veterans. Samuel Crist, Nov. 28, '61; deserted; returned; veteran. Joseph E. Carpenter, Dec. 9, '64; substitute. Daniel Conrad, Oct. 8, '61; killed at Cold Harbor June 3, '64; veteran. William K. Conrad, Oct. 29, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 18, '62. Henry K. Conrad, Jan. 23, '62; died at Harrisburg, Pa., Jan. 24, '62. Patrick Carl, Dec. 27, '6r, and Thomas Cruse, Dec. 4, '61; trans- ferred to Company H Jan., '62. Henry C. Cook, Nov. 25, '61; deserted Jan. 17, '62. Samuel T. Coleman, July 19, '62; captured April 15, '63; absent at muster out. Daniel Deets, Nov. 16, '61; wounded at Cold Harbor June 2, '64; absent at muster out; veteran. James E. Danton, Jan. 18, '62; discharged on surg's certificate June 24, '62. Alfred S. Dennis, Nov. 18, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 24, '62. Asmus Damm, Nov. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 24, '65; veteran. Benjamin F. Diehl, Oct. 8, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 20, '65; veteran. Edward E. Doran, July 29, '62; transferred to 4th U. S. artillery Nov. 24, '62. John Deon, Dec. 9, '64; substitute; de- serted April 2, '65. George Eckhart, Sept. 27, '64; drafted; discharged June 9, '65. William H. Freeman, Nov. 2, '64; substitute; mustered out Nov. 3, '65. Philip Forester, Oct. 28, '61; mustered out Jan. 24, '65, to date Oct. 28, '64. James C. Fleming, Nov. 2, '64; sub- stitute; died at Point of Rocks, Va., Feb. 27, '65. Solomon Fosholt, Jan. 23, '62; transferred to 4th U. S. artillery Nov. 24, '62. Henry Gutchall, Dec. 29, '6r; wounded in action Sept. 29, '64; absent at muster out; veteran. Joseph Gregory, Jan. 13, '62; discharged Jan- uary 24, '65, for wounds received at Cold Harbor June 3, '64. John G. Groner, Jan. 9, '62; discharged Oct. 10, '65, for wounds received at Cold Harbor June 3, '64; veteran. Emanuel Gutchall, Mar. 23, '65; drowned in Paradise creek, Va., Aug. 10, '62. William Gallagher, Dec. II, '61; died June 13, '64, of wounds received at Cold Harbor June 3, '64. Harris A. Hooper, Dec. 12, '61; veteran. Samuel JJeim, Jan. 23, '62; mustered out Feb. 3, '65. Thomas Hudson, Nov. 2, '64; substitute; mustered out Nov. 3, '65. John Hardman, Dec. 9, '61; died at Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. '64; veteran. James Hoey, Oct. 8, '61; died at Hagerstown, Md., Jan, 11, '65; veteran. Patrick Hughes, Nov. 4, '6r; transferred to Company H Jan, '62. Benjamin F. Heffner, Dec. 18, '61; deserted Aug. 26, '64; veteran. John A. Jennings, Dec. 9, '61; transferred to Company H January, '62. Thomas Kelly, Feb. 14, '62; veteran. August W. Keiber, Nov. 12, '64; substitute; deserted Aug. 23, '65. George Lewis, Nov. II, '61; wounded at Cold Harbor June 3, '64; absent at muster out; veteran. Martin Loftus, Nov. 15, '61; veteran. George W. Lee, Jan. 13, '62; killed in action April 17, '63. James Lafferty, Dec. 18, '61; killed at Chapin's Farm Sept. 29, '64; veteran. Robert Leach, Nov. 2, '64; substitute; mustered out Nov. 3, '65. Levi S. Lloyd, Nov. 2, '64; substitute; died July 11, '65. Edward Long, Jan. 13, '62; deserted January 17, '62. William B. Martin, Oct. 8, '61; veteran. Henry Miller, Jan 24, '62; discharged on surg's certificate, May 19, '62. James Masterson, Nov. 28, '61; died at Philadel- phia, Pa., Aug. 26, '64; veteran. George D. Mott, Aug., '62; died Aug. g, '64, at Hampton, Va. John Mench, Aug. 23, '64; died Oct. 15, '64, of wounds received at Chapin's Farm Sept. 29, '64. John Morisey, Dec. 19, '61; deserted Dec. 31, '62. An- thony Marse; deserted Jan. 17, '62. James Morisey, Nov. 27, '61; deserted. Charles Mott, Jan. 13, '62; de- serted Dec. 30, '62. Michael Morgan, Nov. 17, '64; sub- stitute; deserted Aug. 18, '65; returned; deserted again Dec. 4, '65. George M'Donald, Nov. 19, '61; veteran. Lafayette M'Clure and Robert M'Clure, Nov. 2, '64; substitutes; mustered out Nov. 3, '65. Michael M'Carty, Oct. 8, '61; deserted Nov., '61. Moses C. Norris, Nov. 2, '64; substitute; mustered out Nov. 3, '65. Winthrop Oplinger, Nov. 22, '6i; veteran. George Oplinger, Aug. 18, '64; discharged June 12, '65. Albert W. Osborn, Nov. 2, '64; mustered out Nov. 7, '65. Charles A. Peal, *^^= ^¥ ^h BATTLES OF THE SIXTY-FIRST REGIMENT. 135 Jan. 23, '62; died at Camp Suffolk, Va., Dec. 3, '62. John Reed, Dec. 12, '61; wounded at Cold Harbor June 3, '64; veteran. Patrick Rafter, Oct. 31, '6r; killed at Cold Harbor June 3, '64; veteran. Cornelius Robbins, Nov. '25, '61; mustered out Dec. 7, '64. Jonathan Rogers, Jan. 13, '62; discharged on surg's certificate June 26, '63. Benjamin F. Reel, July 29, '62; dis- charged June 12, '65. William Reeser, Jan. 23, '62; died at Washington, N. C., Aug. 30, '63. Elias Raker, Dec. 9, '61; died at Fortress Monroe, Va., of wounds received at Chapin's Farm Sept. 29, '64; veteran. Joseph Reitz, Dec. 24, '64; substitute; died at Point of Rocks, Va., Feb. 16, '65. James Riley, Dec. 20, '61; transferred to Company H Jan. '62. William Reester, Nov. 18, '61: deserted Dec. 30, '61. John G. Snyder, Oct. 8, '61; wounded at Fort Harrison, Va., Sept. 29, '64; veteran. George F. Slocum, Nov. 22, '61; veteran. Jacob Slough, Oct. 8, '61; wounded in action Sept. 29, '64; absent at muster out; veteran. M. M. Shoemaker, March 31, '65. Ernest Storkey, March 3, '62; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Aug. 24, '62. William H. Skillham, Nov. i, '62; mustered out Nov. 3, '65. Joseph M. Snyder, Jan. 13, '62; died at Beverly, N. J., Aug. 14, '64. Eminuel Stroh, Oct. 8, '61; died Oct. 20, '64, at Alexandria. John Sharp, Oct. 24, '62; died Nov. 9, '64, at Hampton, Va. Andrew E. Stewart, Dec. 22, '61; transferred to Company C. George Shaffer, Nov. 2, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. 24, '64. Thomas Savage, Nov. 3, '64; substitute; deserted Aug. 28, '65. Norman R. Tracey, Nov. 10, '61; transferred to the 4th United States artil- lery, Nov. 24, '62. Edward Vangross, Nov. 14, '64; sub- stitute. John G. Van Leer, Jan. 13, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 27, '62. William Woods, Jan. 6, '62' veteran. De L. S. Wynn, Oct. 8, '61; wounded in action Sept. 29, '64 ; absent at muster out; veteran. Julius Wirth, Nov. 14, '64; substitute. Thomas Wright, Aug. 13, '64; substitute. Martin Welsh, Dec. 9, '61; killed at Chapin's Farm, Va., Sept. 29, '64; veteran. Louis C. Weeks, Jan. 13, '62; discharged on surg's certi- ficate Dec. 29, '62. John Winer, Dec; 16, '64; substitute; discharged June 23, '65. William Williams, Dec. 17, '64; transferred to Company K. Henry Waltz, Nov. 16, '64; substitute; deserted Aug. 6, '65. Henry Werman, Nov. 16, '64; substitute; deserted Aug. 23, '65. John Williams, Dec. 20, '61; deserted Jan. 12, '61. Oliver Yohey, Dec. 18, '61; veteran. Nathan Yohey, Dec. 8, '61; veteran. Peter Zeliff, Oct. 8,'6i ; transferred to Company H Jan. '62. CHAPTER XXII. LUZERNE IN THE CIVIL WAR HISTORIES OF THE SIXTY- FIRST AND SIXTY-FOURTH REGIMENTS. ,HE 6ist regiment was organized in August, 1861. So pressing was the demand for troops that within a month it was ordered to the field, only 600 strong. It remained within the defenses of Washington during the suc- ceeding autumn and winter, but its ranks were not filled by recruits. In February, 1862, it was ordered to Bladensburg, and four companies were trans- ferred to it. On the 30th of March it arrived by transport at For- tress Monroe and went forward to Yorktown. On the evacuation of that place it went to Williamsburg and thence up the Peninsula. The monotony of the march was relieved by occasional reconnoisances, and on the 30th of May it arrived at Fair Oaks, where it was en- gaged. Space will not permit a detail of the positions in which the 6rst was placed in this fight; but when it is known that eleven officers (including all the field officers) and sixty-nine men were killed, wounded or missing, the severity of the engagement will be appreciated. It remained encamped near the old battle ground, oc- casionally skirmishing, for about a month, when the retreat from the Chickahominy took place. At Charles City Cross Roads, Turkey Bend and Malvern Hill, it was engaged, but did not suffer severely, its losses being only two officers and thirty-two men. It remained in camp near Malvern Hill till August i6th, when it went to York- town 71m Charles City and Williamsburg. Early in Sep- tember it went by transport to Alexandria, and thence marched at once to Chantilly, where it arrived the even- ing after the battle at that place. With the army it re- turned, crossed the Potomac and entered on the Mary- land campaign. It did picket duty on the Potomac till September 17th, when it marched to the Antietam battle field, arriving in the evening after the battle. It went into camp at Downsville and remained till the last of October. It then crossed the Potomac and advanced with the army of General Burnside. It was slightly en- gaged in the battle of Fredericksburg and suffered but little loss. It participated in the " mud march," except which it remained in camp during the winter of 1862-3. At the battle of Chancellorsville it was fiercely engaged and lost three officers and seventy-four men. In June the regiment started on the Gettysburg cam- paign. It arrived on the field during the second day of the battle and was at once engaged, though not severely. It followed and harrassed one of Lee's retreating col- umns to Waynesboro. It then marched to White Sulphur Springs, to Culpepper, to the Rapidan, to Fairfax Court- house and to Warrenton. It was engaged at Rappahan- nock Station; then went to Brandy Station, where it wintered. Its strength was increased while there by the return of absentees and by recruits; and on the 5th of May, 1864, it crossed the Rapidan, and the next day was engaged in the Wilderness, losing twelve killed and thirty wounded. On the 6th it was again in battle, with a loss of 15 killed and 40 wounded. From this time during a month the regiment was constantly employed in fighting, skirmishing, picketing, digging rifle-pits, etc. During all this time, from the crossing of the Rapidan, May 4, its losses amounted in killed, wounded and miss- ing to 30 officers and 400 enlisted men. During the remainder of the campaign of 1864 the 6ist was con- stantly on active duty and was twice in action. A por- tion of the men whose terms of service had expired were mustered out in September, and the veterans and recruits consolidated into a battalion of five companies. During Sheridan's campaign in the Shenandoah valley the battalion was engaged at Opequan or Winchester, at Fisher's Mill and at Cedar Creek. y drafted. John M'Ghen, July 25, 'dy drafced. Rufus M'Guire, Sept. 4, '61; wounded at Chnncellorsville May 3, '6y, absent at expiration of term. James M'Knight, Roderick M'Farland and Louis A. M'Derniot; not on muster out roll. John Nickerson, July 14, 'dy drafted. William Nihart, Sept. 13, '64; discharged June 20, '65. Oliver C. Newberry, Sept. 29, '64; drafted; discharged June 20, '65. Joseph Nevvs- bigle; not on muster out roll. John Orr, Oct. 31, '61; missing at Wilderness May 6, '64. Thomas O'Brien, Jan. I, '6r; discharged June 3, '65; veteran. Alexander Puterbaugh; veteran. William Peach, F.;b. 18, '64; veteran. Ross Partridge, July 10, '63; drafted. Oliver C. Penberry, Sept. 29, '64; drafted; discharged June 20. '65. William H. Phillips, Mar. 27, '64: promoted to sergt. Company F Nov. i, '64; veteran. John Pembridge, Obed Peters and John Piper, not on muster out roll. George S. Phillips, July 30, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate May 15, '65. Thomas M. Robinson, Jan. 4, '64; discharged June 23, '65. Luther Ruger, Sept. 4, '6r; transferred to veteran reserve corps Feb. 29, '64. Frederick N. Shafer, Mar. 5, '64; wounded in action; discharged Aug. 7, '65. Lewis Shodden, Feb. 29, '64. John Sweeny, veteran. Bazil Sweringer, July 10, '63; drafted. Jacob Sylvis, July 21, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Robert Sadler, July 2r, 'dy dratted. Samuel Shuler, Feb. 24, '64; absent, wounded, at muster out. Nathan Shafer, Sept. 4, '61; mustered out Sept. 7, '64. Jesse Sheiber, Sept. 4, '61; wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, '63; absent at expiration of term. Jonathan Schlabach, Sept 4, '61; mustered out Sept. 7, '64. Joseph R. Shultz, Mar. 8, '64; discharged on surg's certificate May 15, '65; veteran. John D. Smith, Sept. 29, '64; drafted; discharged June 20, '65. Samuel Shafer, Feb. 20, '64; transferred to vet- eran reserve corps Jan 17, '65. William Swan, deserted Aug. 12, 64; veteran. Theodore L. Stout, George Stroh, Jacob Shafer, Chester B. Stiver, Frederick Seiple, Jacob Sanders, Thomas A. Sanfield and Vincent I, Sayre, not on muster out roll. Joseph Tucker, Feb. 24, '64. Wil- liam Trickier, Feb. 29, '64. William F. Tribble, Sept. 4, '61; mustered out Sept. 7; '64. Nathan Turner, Sept. 13, '62; discharged June 10, '65. Levi Thorp, Oct. 31, '61; died at Camp Sumter, Ga., Aug. 31, '65. Thomas O. Tucker, Mar, 7, '64; died at Alexandria, Va., May 28, '64; veteran. VVesley Vangarkin, Mar. i, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 29, '64. James Vettenberg, Feb. 29, '64; died at Philadelphia April 22, '64. Joseph Vaughn, July 13, '63; died at Fredericksburg May 26, '64, of wounds received in action. John Wilson, veteran. John Willard, Mar. 7, '64; veteran. John Worrell, July 14, '63; drafted. John Wiley, Sept. 4, '61; wounded at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 12, '64; absent at ex- piration of term. George E. Waring, Crandall A. Wil- cox, Thomas Williams, John Wilbert and William H. Ward, not on muster out roll. Charles Zaun, veteran. SIXTY-FOURTH REGIMENT ALRY). (FOURTH CAV- This regiment was recruited in the autumn of 1861. Luzerne county was represented in the organization by Company M. During the winter of 1861-2 it was at Washington, perfecting itself in drill and discipline. It experienced some difficulty in. procuring horses, but finally succeeded by resorting to sharp practice on the government. In May, 1862, the regiment joined General ^¥ <^ IS =4 138 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. McDowell's column on the Rappahannock, and entered on picket and scout duty. Through the Peninsula cam- paign it was engaged in the duties which at that period of the war were assigned to cavalry. It was with the army of McCiellan in the Maryland campaign of 1862, and was engaged at the battle of Antietam. The regiment was with General Pleasanton in his pur- suit of Stuart, and with the army of Burnside in the Fredericksburg campaign, and guarded the fords of the Rappahannock above the town during the battle. After the accession of General Hooker to the command of the army the cavalry arm of the service assumed an importance it had not before possessed. Two squadrons of the 4th were engaged in the action at Kelly's Ford. In the Chancellorsville campaign the cavalry did effective service in skirmishing. The 4th did some light skirmish- ing at the battle of Brandy Station. It was frequently engaged and did good service in the Gettysburg cam- paign, and was active in the pursuit of the enemy's re- treating columns. On the 12th ofOctober, 1863, the 4th was engaged in a severe fight near Jeffersonville, Va., in which it lost in killed, wounded and prisoners about 200 men. The prisoners were taken to Richmond, and thence to Andersonville, where a large portion of them died. At Bristoe and near Beverly Ford it was engaged in skir- mishes. During the winter of 1863-4 the regiment was engaged in picket and guard duty along the line of the Orange & Alexandria Railroad, and during four months suffered no casualties. Two-thirds of the men re-enlisted and had a veteran furlough, and about the same time many recruits were received. The campaign of 1864 opened before the re- turn of the veterans, and during the Wilderness battles the regiment was used as a support to other troops. During the raid of Sheridan the 4th was frequently engaged in skirmishing, and in a battle within the outer defenses of Richmond was under fire some four hours. At Hawes's Shop it was engaged in a severe battle, and at Trevillian Station the regiment covered itself with glory. From White House to the James the army trains were guarded by a force of which the 4th constituted a part At St. Mary's Church an engagement took place with a superior force, in which, though the cavalry checked the enemy and covered the retreat, it suffered severely. The 4th regiment lost eighty-seven in killed, wounded and missing. The remainder of the summer of 1864 the 4th was engaged in marching, skirmishing and picket duty. During the siege of Petersburg the regiment was in active service, supporting infantry movements and ad- vancing and extending lines. At Boydton Plank Road and at Hatcher's Run it was warmly engaged and did excellent service. It was also in the second raid on the \Veldon railroad, where it had twelve men wounded. On its return from this raid it went into winter quarters. In the brief but brilliant final campaign the 4th with the other cavalry was constantly active; and even on the morning of the surrender, with its division, it wac about to capture a body of cavalry which it had cut off when the surrender of Lee's forces arrested hostilities. After the surrender it went to Petersburg, thence to North Carolina, returned to Petersburg and went thence to Lynchburg, where on the ist of July, 1865, it was mustered out. In the following lists every man who is not mentioned as having in some manner fallen out by the way is supposed to have been mustered out on that day. The dates of muster-in immediately follow the names. FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. Colonels. — David Campbell, Oct. 18, '61; transferred to the 5th Pa. cavalry March 12, '62. James H. Childs, Oct. )8, '6t; promoted from lieut. col. March 12, '62; killed at Antietam, Sept. 17, '62. James K. Kerr, Oct. 18, '6i; promoted from maj. to lieut. col. March 12, '62; col., Sept. 18, '62; resigned May 17, '63. George H. Covode, Sept. 30, '6r; promoted from capt. Company D to maj. Mar. 12, '62; lieut. col Dec. 8, 'dy, col. May 28, '64; killed at St. Mary's Church, Va., June 24, '64. Sam- uel B. M. Young, Sept. 6 '61; promoted from capt. Com- pany B to maj. Sept. 20, '62; lieut. col. Oct. i, '64; col. Dec. 29, '64; brevet brig. gen. Apr. 9, '65. Lieutenant Colonels. — William E. Doster, Oct. 18, '61; promoted from maj. Oct. 30, '62; brevet brig. gen. March 13, '65; resigned Oct. 18, '63. Alexander P. Duncan, Nov. I, '61; promoted from capt. Company L to maj. May I, '64; lieut. col. Dec. 29, '64; brevet col. March 13, '65- Majors. — James T. Trembell, Nov. i, '6r; resigned Aug. 12, '62. William M. Biddle, Oct. 30, '61; promoted from adj. Aug. 14, '62; mustered out Oct. 29, '64. Wil- liam B. Mays, Sept. 6, '6r; promoted from capt. Company L December 13, '64; killed at Farmville, Va., April 7, '65. Robert J. Phipps, Feb. 8, '63; promoted from capt. Com- pany H March 7, '65; brevet lieut. col. March 13, '65; resigned May 17, '65. James T. Peale, March r, '62; promoted from capt. Company D to maj. Sept. 9, 64; brevet lieut. col. March 13, '65. Napoleon J. Horrell, Nov. 4, '61; promoted from capt. Company G June 8, '65; Adjutants. — Arnold A. Plummer, Nov. 18, '61; dis- charged by special order. .Robert L. Coltart, Dec. 18, '61; promoted from ist lieut. Company I to adj. Dec. 28, '61; capt. Company I Dec. 20, '62. Charles E. Robison, Dec. 31, '61; discharged by special order. John B. Maitland, Oct. 9, '61; promoted from 2nd lieut. Company L to adj. Oct. 17, '62; ass't adj. gen. Aug. 6, '64. James E. B. Dalzell, Sept. i, '64; promoted from sergt. maj. Sept. I, '64; discharged Oct. 29, '64, for wounds received at St. Mary's Church, Va., June 24, '64. Clement En- gelman, March i, '62; promoted brevet capt. March 13, '65; died May 12, '65, of wounds received at Dinwiddie Court-house March 31, '65; veteran. Jerome M'Bride, Aug. 24, '61; promoted from private Company B; wounded at Kelly's Ford, Va., March [7, 'dy, transferred to veteran reserve corps William B. M'Elroy, Feb. 25, '64; pro- moted to sergt. maj. June 14, '65; veteran. Quartermastcrs.—khx^LV^m Edwards, Oct. 18, '61; re- signed Aug. 3, '62, to accept promotion of cant, and asst. Q. M. U. S. A. Henry S. King, Oct. 18, '6i; mustered out Oct. 29, '64. Lewis Young, Feb. 19, '65 ^■//^^•w;?^.— Nathaniel F. Marsh, Oct.'7, '61 ; resigned /?' \ ^^' •^°'^''' ^' '"^'°"^' '•*"■ ^°' '^^; transferred to 56th Pa. Jan. 18, '63; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 21, 64. John M. Junkin, Nov. 15, ''62; resigned Feb. 3, 65. William B. Price, Mar. 20, '63; promoted from ass t surg. Feb. 15, '65. Assista?it Surgeons.~¥t\.n Wager, Oct. 16, '61; trans- ferred to 5th Pa. cavalry Mar. 20, '62. James M. Mor- ^^ ^^ =^^ COMPANY M, SIXTY-FOURTH REGIMENT. 139 rison, Aug. i, '62; transferred to 48th Pa. Nov. 29, '62. Charles King, Dec. 31, '61; resigned Nov. 25, '62. Frank A. Bushley, Dec. 15, '62; resigned Nov. 6. '63. James S. Skeels, Mar. 25, '65. John A. M'Coy, Sept. i, '64; promoted from private Company K to Hospital Steward Nov. I, '64; ass't surg. April 14, '65. Chaplains. — James B. Turner, Oct. 10, '61; resigned Mar. 13, '63. Henry Q. Graham, Nov. 22, '63; re- signed Sept. 22, '64. Veterinajy Surgeon. — James A. Vanhorn, Feb. 12, 64; promoted from private Company B Nov. 10, '64; veteran. Sergeant Majors. — Melvin A. Johnston, Aug. 21, '64; promoted from private Company I June 15, '65. Wil- liam H. Wonderly, Oct. 14, '6[; promoted to 2nd lieut. Company K 5th Pa. cavalry Mar. 29, '62. A. Benson White, promoted to ist lieut. Company F Dec. 31, '62. Quarteniiasler Sergeants. — Richard Whitaker, Jan. i, '64; promoted 2nd lieut. Company G Dec. 13, '64; veteran. Gordon M. Bacon, Jan. i, '64; promoted from private Company G Jan. i, '65; veteran. Commissary Sergeant. — W. H. Collingvvood, Sept. 7, '62; wounded in action; discharged July 7, '65. Hospital Stewards. — John Fulton, Oct. i, '61; mustered out Oct. I, '64. Joseph M'Mullen, Mar. i, '63; pro- moted from private Company L Jan. i, '65. Eli Carner, Jan. 1, '64; promoted from private Company L May I, '65. Armorer. — Jesse M. Jones, Mar. 31, '64; promoted armorer Feb. 16, '65. Chief Buglers. — Francis Kopft, Aug. 15, '61; mustered out Aug. 20, '64. Theodore Duering, Jan. i, '64; pro- moted from bugler Company E Aug. 16, '64; veteran. Sadi/lers. — Thomas J. Robinson, Jan. i, '64; pro- moted 2nd lieut. Company H May i, '64; veteran. Charles Kirkner, Sept. 12, '61; mustered out Sept. 12, '64. Thomas A. Parker, May 13, '63; promoted from private Company L Jan. i, '65. COMPANY M. Officers. — Captains — Alfred Dart, Oct. 30, '61; re- signed Dec. 4, '62. Alfred Dart, jr., Oct. 30, '61 ; pro- moted from 2nd lieut. Mch. i, '63; discharged Sept. 19, '64. John C. Harper, Sept. 6, '61; promoted from ist lieut. Company B to capt. Dec. 13, '64; to brevet maj. Mch. 73, '65; killed at Hatcher's Run, Va., Feb. 6, '65. Samuel N. King, Nov. 15, '64; promoted ist lieut. Jan. 8, '65; capt. Mar. 7, '65. ist lieuts. — Henry S. King, Oct. 18, '61; promoted Q. M. Aug. 18, '62. Duncan C. Phillips, Sept. 9, '62; promoted capt. Company F Nov. 21, '63. William R. Herring, Oct. 30, '61; promoted from istsergt. to 2nd lieut. Mar. i, '63; to ist. lieut. Ma:y 20, '64; discharged Sept. 3, '64. Charles E. Nugent, Jan. I, '64; promoted from ist sergt. Company L to ist lieut. Mar. 9, "65; brevet capt. Mar. 13, '65; killed in action Mar. 31, '65; veteran. Peter M. Burke, Jan. i, '64; pro- moted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Mar. 9, '65; ist lieut. June 3, '65. ist sergt. James Flanegan, Jan. 4, '64; ab- sent,wounded, at muster out; veteran. Q. M. sergt., John Poorraan, Jan. 4, '64; promoted from private Mar. i, '65; veteran. Com. sergt., Manger Dart, Jan. 4, '64; pro- moted from private Mar. i, 'fi.s; veteran. Sergeants- George A. Thompson, Jan. 4, '64; absent, wounded, at muster out; veteran. James R. Wright, Feb. 26, '64; pro- moted sergt. Mar. i, '65; veteran. Martin Gering, Jan. 4, '64; promoted sergt. Mar. i, '65; veteran. Frederick L. Goches, Jan. 4, '64; promoted sergt. Mar. i, '65; veteran. Josiah Vandermark, Mar. 23, '64; promoted sergt. Mar. I, '65; veteran. Michael Heeky, Oct. 13, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., May 25, '64. Charles H. Sherwood, Oct. 30, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga. , June 7, '64. John H. Mary, Oct. 30, '61; mustered out Nov. II, '64. George W. Conrad, Oct. 31, '61; pris- oner from Oct. 12, '63, to Nov. 21, '64; discharged Feb. II, '65, to date Nov. 25, '64. Corporals — -John W. Lake, Jan. I, '64; promoted to corp. Mar. i,'6^\ veteran. Law- ris J. Adams, Jan. i, '64; promoted to corp. Mar. i, '65; veteran. James C. Jenkins, Feb. 6, '65; promoted corp. Mar. I, '65. Thomas Householder, Feb. 6, '65; promot- ed corp. Mar. i, '65. David Ulmer, Mar. 28, '64; pro- moted corp. Mar. i, '65; absent, wounded, at muster out. David H. Lynch, Aug, 25, '64; promoted corp. Mar. i, '65. Michael B. Conrad, Jan. 4, '64; promoted corp. Mar. I, '65; veteran. John Black, jr., Jan. 23, '65; pro- moted corp. Mar. i, '65. James Barton, Oct. 30, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Aug. i, '64. Eli- sha Guard, Oct. 12, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Aug. 17, '64. Frederick Burge, bugler, Jan. 4, '64; veteran. Thomas Kelly, blacksmith, Jan. 4, '64; veteran. Charles O. Ellis, farrier, Jan. 4, '64; absent, wounded, at muster out; veteran. George R. Taylor, saddler, May i, '64. Privates. — Joseph Anderson, Jan. 2, '65. Charles Bobbs, Jan. 3, '65. Joseph Bronitte, Feb. 3, '65. John Burner, Feb. 7, '65. George Behers, Feb. 21, '65. John Braddock, Feb. 7, '65; discharged July 8, '65. Curtis Brown, Feb. 7, '65. Frederick Beebe, Sept. 17, '64. Gotlieb Beck, Jan. 24, '65; discharged May 26, '65. Loderick H. Conrad, Jan. 4, '64; veteran. Marshal C. Conroe, Jan. 4, '64; veteran. John Connoly, Feb. 3, '65. Martin G. Clever, Feb. 10, '65. Charles Crosby, Feb. 17, '65. Edgar F. Cramar, Oct. 13, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Aug. 9, '64. Harrison Davis, Feb. 2, '65. Craddock Davis, Feb. 3, '65. Samuel M. E)owden, Feb. I, '65. Jacob Dresel, May 28, '64. Lewis Dering, Mar. 28, '64; discharged May 25, '65. Ezra Dickerson, April 5, '64; wounded in action; discharged May 24, '65. John Donaldson, Feb. 8, '65. Clark R. Dart, Oct. 13, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Sept. 28, '64. Ferdinand Emmert, Feb. 17, '65. W. A. Eichelberger, Feb. 7, '65. Frederick Ertzman, Sept. 18, '64; died Jan. 20, '65, of wounds received in action. John Foster, Jan. 31, '64; absent, without leave, at muster out. Alexan- der Felton, Aug. 19, '62. Patrick P'ox, Jan. 4,'64; veteran. Conrad Fisher, May 28, '64; missing in action, June 24, '64, Robert Fitzpatrick, Feb. 7, '65. Antone Funiaock, Feb. 4, '65. Henry Farror, Feb. 7, '65. Daniel Guard, Jan. 4, '64; veteran. Frederick Gable, Mar. 3, '64. John Graham, Feb. 3, '65. Peter Gillen, Feb. 3, '65. James Green, Feb. 7, '65. Jacob Green, Feb. 7, '65. John M. Hutchinson, Feb. 3, '65. Peter Hughes, Feb. 3, '65. Barney Hagan, Jan. 2, '62. S. Haughtaling, Oct. 18, '64. Robert D. Hays, Feb. 7, '65. Calvin Halfhill, Feb. 9, '65. Casper Harrison, Feb. 3, '65. Elias J. Harding, Oct. 30, '64; mustered out Nov. 3, '64. James Hagan, Mar. 9, '64; discharged May 30, '65. William Jones, Jan. 4, '64; veteran. John Jones, Feb. 17, '65. Thomas L.John- son, Feb. 7, '65; not on muster out roll. William Kain, Feb. 17, '65. Charles M. Little, Feb. 8, '65. David Maxon, Mar. 30, '64. John Martin, Oct. 30, '61; de- serted May 8, '62; returned May 10, '64. Terrence Mur- ray, Feb. 7, '65. James Meirs, Apr. 11, '64; died. Charles Maxon, Jan. 4, '64; missing in action at Saint Mary's Church, Va., June 24, '64; veteran. Edward J. Morse, Mar. 30, '64; discharged May 9, '65. Albert F. Miles, Oct. 30, '61; mustered out Oct. 30, '64. George M'Murray, Feb. 3, '65. Thomas M'Garvey, Oct. 30, '61; died at Hilton Head, S. C, Nov. 18, '64. Dominick O'Connor, May 3, '64. James Oxley, Feb. 3, '65. George Potter, Jan. 4, '64; arrested by civil authority Mar., '64; veteran. George Pattent, May 31, '64. James Patter- son, Jan. 25, '65. Francis Patterson, Feb.^ 3, '65. =^^ *ih 140 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. George Phillips, Jan. 4, '64; died at Harrisburg, Pa., May 4, '64; veteran. John G. Saupple, Jan. 24, '65. Joseph P. Sheppard, Feb. 6, '65. Thomas Smith, Feb. 5, 65. John S. Smith, Feb. 6, '65. William Sherwin, Feb. 8, 65. David R. Stouffer, Apr. 15, '64. Elisha M. Taylor, Feb. 3. '65. John C. Ulmer, Mar. 31, '64. William A. Vaden, Feb. 6, '65. Silas Vandermark, Mar. 30, '64; captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Nov. 2, '64. John L. White Jan. 4, '64. William W. Warner, Nov. 28, '64. Jacob Walters, Jan. 24, '65. Jacob Withner, Feb. 4, '65. Ben- jamin Winnans, Feb. 7, '65. George Wilson, Feb. 17, 65. Benjamin Wilson and Joseph Wisemantle, Feb. 2, 65. William G. Winn, Feb. 15, '65. CHAPTER XXIII. LUZERNE IN THE CIVIL Vl^AR THE SEVENTY-FOURTH, SEVENTY-SIXTH AND SEVENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENTS. IP^HE 74th was recruited, in the summer of 1861, ir;^ mostly in Pittsburg, though Company A was in part from Wyoming county. It went to - ^ss'si Washington in September and soon afterward fto Virginia, where it went into winter quarters at Hunter's Chapel. The winter was spent in drill " and fatigue duty, and on the opening of the cam- paign in 1862 the regiment was sent to General Fremont's command in West Virginia. Its march thither was attended with great fatigue and much suffering. After two weeks spent in picket and fatigue duty, with insuffi- cient subsistence, it went on a hurried inarch to Stras- burg, where it joined in the pursuit of Stonewall Jackson. At Cross Keys it was engaged, losing 6 killed and 13 wounded. The regiment arrived at Cedar Mountain too late to participate in the battle. Thence with the army it fell back toward Manassas; in the course of which movement the 74th came upon the rear of a column of the enemy, attacked it and checked its advance. At the battle of Groveton or second Bull Run it was engaged during the two days of the fight and lost 17. Thence it went to Washington. It was engaged in the battle of Chancellorsville, where it lost 61 men. It was again engaged at Gettysburg, where its total loss was 136. In August it was sent with its division to the islands on the South Carolina coast, where it frequently went on expeditions and encountered the enemy. It returned to Washington in 1864, During the remainder of its term of service it was engaged in guard and picket duty in various localities. It was mustered out of the service at Clarksbury on the 29th of August, 1865. Following is the roll of Company A. The date of muster-in follows each man's name, and the date of muster-out is August 29th, 1865, where nothing appears to the contrary. COMPANY A. Officers. — Captains — Samuel J. Pealer, March 13, '65; discharged May 8, '65. John W. Beishline, March 13,' '65; promoted from ist lieut. to capt. July i, '65. First lieutenant, John F. Miller, March 13, '65; promoted from 2nd to 1st lieut. July i, '65. Second lieutenant, John Beikler, Sept. 6, '61; promoted from sergt. Com- K to 2nd lieut. July 2, '65. First sergeant, William Saunders, March 4, '65. Sergeants — Charles B. Fisher, March 4, '65. Isaiah Hagenbach, Hiram W. Brown and Robert C. Parks, Feb. 21, '65. Corporals — Frederick M. Staley and Albert Serrils, Feb. 17, '65. Walter Moulton, Feb. 7, '65. John Lennon, Feb. 17, '65; Francis W. Jones, Feb. 25, '65. Severn B. Palmer, March i, '65. Nelson Williams and William Peck, Feb. 7, '65. Musi- cians — Samuel B. Anderson, March 4, '65. Charles W. Wood. March 10, '65. Privates. — William Abbott, March 10, '65; discharged by general order. May 12, '65. David Beers, March 4, '65. Alexander R. Blakely, Comfort E. Butters, Samuel W. Boone, A. G. Burlingame, A. J. Buckalew, Jonas M. Bower and Frank Brittain, March 1, '65; Charles Brines, William S. Betz and Charles Baker, March 4, '65. Benjamin F. Bean, Feb. 16, '65; discharged by gen- eral order May 24, '65. James M. Brown, Mar. 10, '65 ; died at Beverly, West Va., May 14, '65. Philip Cain, Feb. 9, '65. Michael Bain, Feb. 16, '65. James B. Case, March 4, '65. Clark Creveling. John Caden, William D. Campbell, Nathan Chromas, Peter Eveland and Hervey Emory, Mar. 10, '65. Lloyd Fox, Feb. 2, '65. Martin Finley and Miles B. Fowler, Mar, 4, '65. George Fox, Mar. 10, '65. William Howe, and James Herron, Feb. 16, '65. George F. Hufnayle, Feb. 9, '65. David Hartman, Abram Hill, Francis S. Henrie, Alexander B. Herring, Mahlon B. Hicks and Patrick HoUigan, Mar. 10, '65; discharged by general order May 29, '65. John C. James and E. A. Kelechner, Mar. 4, '65. William Kisbauch and John C. Kline, Mar, 10, '65. John Lantz, Mar. 4, '65. Joseph May and Israel Mummey, Feb. 21, '65. Cyrus B. Miller, Joseph B, Miller and Moses Markle, Mar. 4, '65. Jacob F. Mel- lon and Nathan E. Miller, Feb, 16, ,65; discharged by general order May 22, '65. Hervey M'Neal, Arthur Oliver and Henry F. O'Man, Mar. 4, '65. Wesley R. Price and Stephen Fohe, Mar. 10, '65. Peter Rusty and Emanuel Ruckey, Mar. 4, '65. Abram V. Robins, Feb. 9, '65. William W. Robins, Feb. 27, '65; discharged by general order May 24, '65. William A, Shipman and James Shultz, Feb. 21, '65. George P. Stiner, John W. Stahl and Winfield S. Shaffer, Mar. 10, '65. Alonzo J. Suit and Wilson Swank, Feb. 9, '65. James M. Thoni])- son and George W. Titus, Mar. 4, '65. George Tronsue, Mar. 10, '65. Charles W. Trump, Mar. 4, '65. John Williams, Feb, 16, '65. Willoughby Wertman, Mar. 4, '65. Montgomery Williams, Mar. 10, '65; discharged by general order May 24, '65. George Zimmerman, Mar. 10, '65- SEVENTY-SIXTH REGIMENT. The name which this regiment assumed was the Key- stone Zouaves. The regiment was recruited in the latter part of the summer of 1861, and left for Fortress Mon- roe on the 19th of November of that year. After a wei'k it sailed for Hilton Head, S. C, where it remained till the last of May, 1862. During this time eight companies went to assist in taking Fort Pulaski, at the mouth of Savannah river, but they were not engaged. From Hil- ton Head it went to North Edisto island; thence to St. John's island, and from thence toward Charleston, and it was eng'aged in the attack on that city June i6th, 1862. ^¥ 4.¥ 4= In October the 76tli, with other troops, went on an ex- pedition to sever the communication between Savannah and Charleston. After an engagement, in which they were defeated, the troops returned to Hilton Head. The regiment did picket duty on the islands off the coast till July, 1863, when it went to Morris island to attack Fort Wagner. The attack was made on the nth, but was re- pulsed. In this action the 76th lost 53 killed and 184 wounded. On the i8th another charge was made, in which the regiment lost 17 killed and wounded. It re- turned to Hilton Head, where it remained six months, doing guard, picket and scout duty. In May, 1864, with other troops, the 76th went to Virgiaia and became part of the Army of the James. On the 5th of that month it embarked on transports, sailed down the York river from Yorktovvn, up the James river, landed at Bermuda Hundred, moved to the Weldon railroad and destroyed several miles of the track. This was done under fire, and the 76th lost in killed, wounded and missing 65 men. Fighting continued at intervals during several days. The regiment was sent to Cold Harbor in the latter part of May, and took part in the fighting there the ist, 2nd, and 3d of June, losing very heavily. It returned and went on a recon- noisance to the Richmond and Petersburg railroad; then went to Petersburg, where it did duty during the siege with frequent casualties. It was engaged occasionally from the 14th to the 17th of August at Deep Bottom, and at Bermuda Hundred on the 24th and 25th. For some time subsequent to this the regiment was frequently engaged in fighting and skirmishing. It was in action at Chapin's Farm, at Fort Gilmer, and Furt Harrison. In October it went on a reconnoisance and was engaged in a skirmish, with a loss of i killed and 12 wounded. The 76th was in the battle at the taking of Fort Fisher in January, 1865, by General Terry, and from there went to Wilmington, N. C; and finally to Raleigh, where it did provost duty till July 18th, when it was mustered out. Company H of the 76th was recruited in Luzerne county. The men were mustered in at the dates annexed to their names in the following lists, and when not other- wise noted were mustered out July i8th, 1865. FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. Colanels.—] ohn M. Power, Aug. 10, '61; resigned Aug. 7, '62. D. C. Strawbridge, Sept. 24, '61; promoted from capt. Company B to col. Aug. 9, '62; resigned Nov. 20, '63. John C. Campbell, Oct. i, '61: promoted from capt. Company A to lieut. col. Dec. 11, '62; col. Feb. 13, '64; resigned Aug. 16, '64. John S. Littell, Nov. 18, '61; promoted from capt. Company K to lieut. col. Aug. 21, '64; col. Oct. 29,'64; brev. brig, gen. Jan. 15, '65; wounded at Fort Fisher, N. C, Jan. 15, '65. Lieutenant Colonels. — Daniel H. Wallace, Aug. 28, '6r; resigned Aug. 10, '62. John W. Hicks, Oct. 17, '61; promoted from capt. Company C to maj. May r, '63; lieut. col. Feb. i3,'64 ; brev. col. Mar. i3,'6s; wounded at Fort Fisher, S. C, July 11, '63 ; mustered out June i, '64; Charles Knerr, Oct. 26, '61; promoted from capt. Com- pany H to maj. Jan. i, '65; lieut. col. June i, '65. Majors.— OXwtx M. Irvine, Nov. 18, '61; resigned Sept. 27, '62. Cyrus Diller, Oct. 16, '61; promoted from capt. Company D to maj. Nov. 7, '62; resigned Feb. i.S, '63. William S. Diller, Oct. 16, '61; promoted from capt. company D to maj. June 12, '64; mustered out Nov, 29, '64. Adjutants. — William B. Darlington, Nov. 13, '61; re- signed May 20, '62. Andrew J. Marshall, Sept. 24, '61; promoted from 2nd lieut. Company B Sept. 23, '62; died at Pittsburg, Pa., Aug. 6, '64. Adam C. Reinoehl, Sept. 24, '61; promoted from com. sergt. to sergt. maj. June 24, '63; ist lieut. Company B Aug. 4, '64; brevet capt. and brevet maj. March 13, '65; wounded at Fort Wagner, S. C, July ir, '63, and at Darbytown Road, Va., Oct. 27, '64; mustered out Jan. 5, '65; veteran. Frederick R. Smith, Sept. 30, '61; promoted from sergt. maj. to ist lieut. and adj. May 27, '65; veteran. Quartei-masters — Charles Garretson, Aug. 18, '61; pro- moted capt. and ass't Q. M. June 16, '62. Chirles M. Brumm, Nov. 18, '61; promoted from ist lieut. Com- pany K July 24, '62; mustered out Oct. 17, '64. Phile- mon N. Hicks, jr., Feb. 24, '64; promoted from Q. M. sergt. to Q. M. Mar. i, '65. Surgeons. — Erastus R. Scholl, Oct. 15, '61; discharged Feb. 19, '63. M. Augustus Withers, Sept. 30, '62; pro- moted from ass't surg. June 11, '63; resigned July 27, '64. Nathan Y. Leet, Nov. 24, '63; promoted from ass't surg. Sept. 7, '64; mustered out June 8, '65. Charles W. Backus, Sept. 30, '64; transferred from 203d Pa. Assistant Surgeons. — Charles J. Siemens, Oct. 15, '61; promoted to surg. 50th Pa. Mar. 7, '62. Frederick J. Bancroft, Mar, 7, '62; promoted to surg. 152nd Pa. Sept. 30, '62. Edwin Keele>, Aug. 11, '62; resigned May 18, '63. Adolphus Schlosser, July 10, '63, resigned Sept. 24, 64. Isaac Lefever, Oct. 17, '64. Chaplains. — Benjamin L. Agnew, Nov. 18, '61; resigned May 25, '62. William J. Wright, July 10, '63; discharged Sept. 12, '64. Sergeant Majors. — James J. M'Cormick, Nov. 6, '6 r; promoted from priv. Company F Dec. i, '6[, to 2nd lieut. Company D Aug. 15, '62. Daniel M'Vay, Oct. i, '61; promoted from priv. Company A May 18, '64, to 2nd lieut. Company A June 20, '64. Isaiah H. Rawlins, Oct. 9, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. Jesse R. Sitler, Sept. 4, '63; drafted; promoted from corp. Company A to sergt. maj. Nov. 20, '64; to 2nd lieut. Company A Mar. 10, '65. C. E. Applebaugh, Feb. 21, '65; substitute; promoted from priv. Company C July 8, '65. Quartermaster Sergeants. — Amander Pollock, Sept. 24, '61; promoted from priv. Company B Oct. 8, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Dec. 10, '62. John M'Nevin, Oct. 17, '61; promoted from corp. Company C Jan. 24, '63; to 2nd lieut. Company C Oct. 10, '64; veteran. Michael Pote, Oct. 17, '61; promoted from corp. Com- pany C Mar. 15, '65; veteran Commissary Sergeants. — William F. Reisinger, Oct. 24, '61; transferred to Company I Oct. 27, '62. Charles Evans, Nov. 6, '61; promoted to ist lieut. Company K Sept. 7, '64; veteran. William H. Steckley, Oct. 26, '61; promoted from corp. Company II Sept. 7, '64; veteran. Hospital Stewards. — Thomas H. Byrnes, Nov. 16, '6r; promoted to 2nd lieut. Company G May 22, 'b-i,. Wil- liam Blanck, jr., Nov. 21, '61; promoted priv. Company I to hosp. stew. July 31, '63; to ist lieut. Company F Mar. I, '65; veteran. Isaac T. Keene, Oct. 26, '61; pro- moted from priv. Company H to hosp. st. Mar i, '65; veteran. Principal Musicians. — Seth Heull, Sept. 24, '61; pro- moted from priv. Company B July 9, 'dy, veteran. James H. Pross, Oct. 26, '61; promoted from priv. Company H; veteran. Robert C. Dunlap, Oct. 1, '61; promot- 142 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. ed from priv. Company A Nov, i8, '6i; discharged by special order Oct. 6, '62. George H. Bierman, Oct, 24, '61; promoted from priv. Company I Nov. 18, '61; dis- charged by special order Oct. 6, '62. COMPANY H. Officers. — Captains — Arthur Hamilton, Oct. 26, '61; killed at Pocotaligo, S. C, Oct., 22, '63. Charles Knerr, Oct. 26, '61; wounded at Fort Wagner, S. C, July 1 1. '63; promoted from ist lieut. to capt. Oct. 23, '62; raaj. Jan. I, '65. Samuel W. Heller, Oct. 26, '61; promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut, Feb. 14, '64; ist lieut. Sept. 5, '64; capt. Jan. 3, '65. First lieutenants — William Miller, Oct. 26, '61; promoted from 2nd to ist lieut. Oct. 23, '62; killed at Fort Wagner, S. C, July 11, '62, William F. Bloss, Oct. 26, '61; promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. Oct. 23, '62; to ist lieut. Dec. 3, '63; died at Hampton, Va., Aug. 4, '64, of wounds received at Petersburg July 26, '64. Second lieutenant, David Davis, Oct. 26, '61; promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. April 24, '65; ist lieut. July i, '65; not mustered; veteran. First sergeant, Peter Houser, Feb. i, '64; commissioned ist lieut. June I, '65; not mustered; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. Sergeants — Henry Huffer, Feb. i, '64; commissioned 2nd lieut. June i, '65; not mustered; veteran. Fred- erick Keitre and John Grundon, Feb. i, '64; promoted corps. Mar. i, '65; veterans. Solomon C. Miller, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. George W. Dodge, Feb. I, '64; discharged on surg's certificate; veteran. Jacob M. Major, Oct. 26, 'Ci; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. Edwin F. Taylor, Aug. 26, 'dy, drafted; discharged June 10. '65. Thomas Dougherty, Oct. 26, '61; killed at Drury's Bluff, Va,, May 16, '64; veteran. Corporals — William H. Auman, Feb. i, '64; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. John R. Marshall and Noah B. Parker, Feb. I, '64; veterans. Alvin O. Lowe, Aug. 26, '63; drafted; promoted corp. Mar. ':, '65; discharged June 29, '65. Conrad Young, Mar. 28, '64; promoted corp. Mar. I, '65; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. George S. Hawk, Oct. 15, '64; substitute; promoted corp. May 10, '65 William B. Adams, July 16, '63; drafted; pro- moted corp. May lo, '65. Charles O. Smith, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out. Bailey Cooper and Thomas Madigan, Oct. 26, '6 r; mustered out Nov. 28, '64, William H. Steckley, Oct. 28, '61; promoted com. sergt. Sept. 6,' 64; veteran. James Armstrong, Oct. 26, '61; killed at Po- cotaligo, S. C, Oct. 22, '62. Theodore Cherry, Oct. 26, '61; killed at Deep Bottom, Va., Aug. 16, '64: veteran. John A. Specht, Oct. 26, '61; captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Dec. 19, '64. Privates. — Peter Anderton, Oct. 15, '64. Aldus and Robert Armer, Feb. 13, '65; substitutes. Hiram Alliman and George B. Albert, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. James W. Adams, Oct. 3, 'dy drafted; died Aug. 2, '64, at City Point, Va. Charles H. Brooks, Feb. 20, '65; discharged June 27, '65. Jacob Bertz, Feb. 16, '65; substitute. Peter Barlieb, Feb. 22, '65. William M. Bassett, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 27, '62. Ander'n B. Bennett, Aug. 25, '63; drafted; dis- charged on surg's certificate. Henry C. Bixby, Sept. 20, '63; drafted; discharged May 27, '65. John F. Bubb, Feb. 9, '65; discharged June 10, '65. Henry Baker, Oct. 26, '61; killed at Deep Bottom, Va., Aug. 16, '64. Dan- iel Cook, Oct. 17, '64; substitute. Jeremiah Coon, Sept. 28, '64; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Amos Campbell, Oct. 17, '64; drafted. Lester Cooledge, Aug. 25, '63; drafted; captured Aug. 16, '64. Samuel Croll, Feb. 10, '65, Michael Clark, Feb. 22, '65. M. E. Crook- ham, Feb. 14, '65; substitute. Arthur E. Connon, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate May 28, '63. Ed- ward Connor, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, 64. Sylvanus H. Corson, Oct. 26, 61; discharged Oct. 2°. *°r wounds received at Fort Wagner, S. C, July n. °3- Bennovan O. Covey, Oct, 26, '61; discharged on surg s certificate June 22, '63, C, D. Chamberlain, Oct. 26, 61; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 2, '62. James Criss- well, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 2, '63, Sylvester M, Corson, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. William Caldwell, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 2, '(>t,. Joseph Garden, Oct. 26, '61; captured; died at Richmond, Va., Nov. 19, '63. Charles Cranler, Oct, '61; deserted Oct. 25, '61. B. A. Campbell, Jan. 5, '65; not on muster out roll. Josiah Dressier, Oct. 17, '64; substitute. Evan Davis, Feb. 25, '65. Samuel Diller, Jan. 12, '65. William Dit- ters, Feb. 16, '65. Lewis Decker, Oct. 26, '61; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps. James H. Decker, Oct. 26, '61; captured; died at Richmond, Va., Sept. 30, '63, Charles Deihl, Oct. 26, '61; captured; died at Richmond, Va., Sept. 5, '63. Bryon Flagherty. Mar. 9, '64; veteran. Conrad Frable, Mar. 7, '65; discharged June 25, '65. John D. Fretts, Aug. 26, '63; drafted; died at Point of Rocks, Va., Aug. 5, '64. Thomas Griffith, Feb. 28, '65. E. Gerberick, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Oct. 26, '64. Albert Gesner, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. Alfred Green, Oct. 26, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps. Richard Guinen, Oct. 14, 'dy, drafted; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 13, '64; discharged Aug. 3, '65. Dennis Griflfin, Oct. 26, '61; killed at Deep Bottom, Va., Aug. 16, '63. Edward Getroy; deserted Oct. 25, '61. Thomas Haley, Feb. i, '64; veteran. Henry Holden, Aug. 25, 'dy drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. John L. Harris, Feb. 25, '65. George Hart, Feb. 22, '65; substitute; mustered out with company July 18, '65. John Hefifernon, Feb. 21, '65. John Harris, Feb. 28, '65. John L. Herr, July 15, '63; drafted. Julius D. Hamlin, Oct. 26, '6t; killed at Fort Wagner, S. C, July II, '63. Patrick Hunt, Oct. 26, '61; captured; died at Richmond, Va., Oct. 27, '63. S. B. Holcomb, Aug. 26, '63; drafted; died at Bermuda Hundred. Va., May 14, '64. George A. Jackson, July 15, '63; drafted. Aaron R. Judy, July 15, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Griffith James, Feb. 28, '65. James Johnson, Oct. 26, '6r; killed at Fort Wagner, S. C,,"july 11, '63. Martin Kelley, Feb. i, '64; absent, sick, at mus- ter out; veteran. Philip Klinger, Oct. 12, '64; substitute. Lawrence Klinger, Oct. 17, '64; substitute. George Rearer, Feb. 8, '65; substitute; discharged Aug. 25, '65. Thomas Kearney, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. John Kelly, Sept. 12, '64; drafted; dis- charged on surg's certificate Mar. 31, '65, Daniel Knott, Oct. 12, '64; substitute; discharged June 29, '65. Isaac T. Keene, Oct. 29, '61; promoted to hosp. st. Mar. i, '65; veteran. Joseph Kelly, Sept. 29, '63; drafted; killed at Deep Bottom, Va., Aug. 16, '64. Conliffe Lwi.sey, Oct, 15, '64; substitute. Daniel S. Lewis, Mar. 29, '64; ab- sent, sick, at muster out. John W. Lewis, Feb. 25,' '65. Charles Leidy, Feb. 20, "65; substitute. Haithy Lamp- shere, Feb. 22, '65; substitute. John Love. Oct. 26, '6i- mustered out Nov. 28, '64. Thomas T. Lloyd, Oct 26 '61; died Nov. 26, '6r. Lewis Litz, Aug 26, '63; drafted' died at Beverly, N. J, Sept. 15, '64, of wounds received at Deep Bottom, Va., Aug. 16, '64. Albert Mandeville, Mar, 9, 64; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran John S. Miller, Oct. 20, '64. Charles W. Mulkins, Sept. 2r, 63; drafted; discharged June 16, '65. Joseph M. Mur- ray, Sept. 23, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Joseph Meches, Feb. 22, '65. Charles Mango, Feb 14 tK ?'"i- ^V/^^'^^t^l'er, Feb. 15, -65. John Matox! M 1 \5^- Thomas Martin, Feb. 21, '65. Nathan Meches, Mar. 7, '65; discharged June 10, '65. Anthony ^-¥ ^4* *4h COMPANY H, SEVRNTY-SIXTH REGIMENT-THE SEVENTY-SEVENTH. 143 Mvers, deserted Oct. 25, '61. Eugene M'Dowell, Sept. 30, '63; drafted. William M'Cmnsey, Feb. 13, '65. William M'Allister, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 2, '63. D. B. M'Gregor and Patrick M'Donald, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. Hugh M'Kenna, Mar. lo, '65; not on muster out roll. Thomas Naughton, Oct. 26, 61; mustered out Nov. 28, '65. William Nelson, Oct. 26, '61; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., May 23, '64. Michael Neal, Feb. 17, '65; deserted Mar. 10, '65. Charles G. Palmer, Oct. 25, '63; drafted. Whitney Pres- ton, Aug. 25, '63; drafted. Austin Porter, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. James H. Pross, Oct, 26, '61; promoted to principal musician; veteran. George W. Posey, Oct. 26, '61; killed at Fort Wagner, S. C, July IT. '63. Joseph Ricker, Aug. 26, '63; drafted. Amos Rhodes, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certifi- cate June 2, '63. Lewis Rake, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 31, '62. Thomas Rheimer, Oct. 26, '61; died at Beaufort. S C, July 30, '62. Truman Russell, Aug. 25, '63; drafted; died at Alexandria, Va., Jiine 28, '64. Nicholas T. Rodda, Feb, 25, '64; drafted; died at Hampton, Va., June 19, '64, T. Schaarwatcher, Feb. 20, '65; substitute. Theodore Sinclair, Oct. 26, '61; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. Thomas K. Shortledge, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 9, '62, Peter W. Smith, Aug. 26, '63; drafted; discharged June 8, '65. Tyman C. Smith, Sept. 13, '63; discharged on Kirg's certificate. Amasa P. Sexton, Sept. 26, '64; sub- stitute; discharged June 28, '65. James Swick, July 15, '63; died at Petersburg, Va., June 7, '64, John Sanford, Feb. 9, 65; deserted June 10, '65. Reynolds Thompson, Oct. 9, '63; drafted. Ellis Terrill, Aug. 4, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Abraham Thomas, July 14, '63; drafted. Tunis Thomas, Mar. 28, '64. John A. Thompson, Oct. 26, '6i; mustered out Nov. 28, '64. Robert Taylor, July 13, '63; drafted; discharged May 26, '65. Martin D. Vosburg, Aug. 26, '63; drafted. George Vaness. William S. Wagner, July 18, '63; drafted. Ryan L. Warren, Aug. 21, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. John Wildman, July 15. '63; drafted. 'J'homas M. Williams, Feb. 28, '65. William Wambaugh, Oct. 26, '61; captured July 11, '63; absent at muster out. George Wiltner, Jan. 7, '65. Peter Ward, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 2, '6^. Henry Waltemeyer, Oct. 26, '61; died at Andersonville, Ga., June 2, '64. Thomas L. Williams, Feb. 20, '65; died at Raleigh, N. C. May 18, '65. Adam Wilhelra, Jan. 5, '65; not on muster out roll. Samuel Yerger, Mar. 7, '65. Peter Young, Oct. 26, '6 r; died at Hilton Head, S. C, Dec. 25. '62. SEVENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. Company G of this regiment was raised in Scranton, and was composed mostly of Welshmen or men of Welsh descent. The first company, H, was recruited in part in Luzerne county. It was not full, and, though it was some time v.-ith the regiment and took part in one battle, it was disbanded without pay. Recruiting for this regiment commenced in August, and in October it moved to Louisville, Ky., and thence south on the line of the Louisville railroad to Nolin river; there it had its camp during a month; then at camp Negley; then it moved leisurely forward from camp to camp, till it arrived at Nashville in March, 1862, after the victories at Forts Henry and Donelson. The first battle was at Pittsburg Landing, April 7th, 1862, to reach which it had made a forced march, arriving while the action was in progress. In this action it lost 3 killed and 7 wounded. It reached Corinth in the latter part of May, and on the 3olh the enemy blew up his works and evacuated the place. During the ensuing summer it was engaged in marching with the army and occasionally skirmishing. In December it moved forward with the army on Mur- freesbnro and encountered the enemy at Stone river, and was severely engaged during three days. Its conduct at this battle was such as to elicit from General Rosecranz the compliment: " It was the banner regiment at Stone river. They never broke their ranks." For several weeks after this battle the reiriment was on guard and scout duty; then till the opening of the summer campaign of 1863 it was in camp at Murfrees- boro. In June it was engaged at Liberty Gap, wheie it lost a third of its effective force, .'\inong the officers killed in this action was Lieutenant \V. H. Thomas, of Company G. At the battle of Chickam uiga, in September, the 77th was very heavily engaged, and all its field officers, ,«even line officers and 79 men fell into the hands of the enemy. In January, 1864, many of the regiment re-enlisted, and received a veteran furlough. On their return they went with Sherman on his Atlanta campaign. They were en- gaged during several days from the 7th of May; at Re- saca, at Kinston, at New Hope church on the 25th and the three following days; again, three miles from that place, on the 4th of June; from the 19th to the 23d of the same month at Kenesaw mountain, and in the same vicinity for four days from the 24th; at Smyrnia, at the Chattahoochee river, and at Peach Tree creek in the lat- ter part of July. During August the regiment was engaged in the invest- ment and siege of Atlanta, and after the retirement of the enemy it was engaged at Lovejoy on the 2nd, 3d, 4th and 5th of September. After the departure of Sherman for the sea the 77th, with other Union forces, was engaged in endeavoring to out-maneuver Hood. An action took place in the, latter part of November at Franklin, in which the regiment was heavily engaged. At the defense of Nashville against Hood, in December, it was hotly engaged, and it joined in the pursuit of his flying columns, occasionally skir- mishing till it reached Huntsville, Ala. This was the last of its fighting. In the spring of 1865 it was reinforced and sent to the southwest, where a hostile attitude was still maintained. After a short stay in New Orleans it marched into Texas, where it arrived in August and re- mained till December. It then embarked at Indianola for Philadelphia, where it was mustered out of the service on the i6th of February, 1866. In the following lists the dates of muster into the ser- vice are given with the names. When no remark follows in the list of Company H the man was not accounted for in the adjutant general's record of the company. Those of the regimental officers and of Company G not other- wise accounted for were mustered out with the regi- ment. =*=^H Hh 144 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. Colonels. — Frederick S. Stumbaugh, Sept. 28, '61; pro- moted brig. gen. Nov. 29, '62; discharged Dec. 7, '62. Thomas E. Rose, Sept. 28, '61; promoted from capt. Co. B to col, Jan. 24, 'dy, to brevet brig. gen. June ir, '65; prisoner from Sept. 19, '63, to May i, '64; wounded at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 26, '64. Lieutenant Cnloneh. — Peter B. Housum, Sept. 28, '61; died Jan. i, '63, of wounds received at Stone river, Tenn,, Dec. 31, '62. Frederick S. Pyfer, Dec. 8, '61; promoted from capt. Co. K Jan. 31, 'dy, prisoner from Sept. 19, '63, to May, '64; mustered out Feb. 4, '65. William A. Rob- inson, May I, '61; promoted from capt. Co. E June 10, '65; brevet col. and brevet brig. gen. Mar. 13, '65. Majors. — Stephen N. Bradford, Oct. 26, '61; resigned Jan. 31, '63. Alexander Phillips, Oct. 26, '6r; promoted from capt. Company G Apr. 12, '63; commissioned lieut. col. Mar. 25, '65; not mustered; prisoner from Sept. 19, '63, to May, '64; lost arm at Lovejoy, Ga., Sept. 3, '64; mustered out May 8, '65. Joseph J. Lawson, Sept. 20, '61; promoted from capt. Company C June 13, '65; mus- tered out with regiment Dec. 6, '65. Adjutants. — Samuel T, Davis, Sept. 20, '61; promoted capt. Company G Dec. 8, '63. Christian Snively, Sept. 20, '61; promoted from hosp. St. Sept. 8, '64; wounded at Dallas, Ga., May 28, '64; resigned June 7, '65; veteran. Arthur Bennett, Mar. 10, '64; promoted from sergt. Com- pany B June 9, '65. Quartermasters. — Jacob E. Cassell, Sept. 26, '6i; re- signed Jime 21, '63. George F. Laubach, Sept. 19, '61; promoted from Q. M. sergt. June 16, '63; resigned June 7, '65. James O. Brookbank, Feb. 28, '65; promoted from ist lieut. Company F Oct. 15, '65. Surgeons. — Franklin Irish, Oct. 26, '61; resigned Feb. II, '64. James M. M'Candlass, Mar 20, '63; promoted from ass't surg. April 27, '64. Assistant Su7-geo?is. — Thomas B.Potter, Oct. 26, '61; resigned Apr. 30, '62. Jacob S. Maurer, June 10, '62; resigned Nov. 18, '62. Joseph B. Downey, Aug. 2, '62; promoted to surg. 78th Pa. regiment May 31, '63. James F. Adair, Mar. 14, '64; drafted. Isaac T. Coates, Sept. 19, '65- Chaplain. — John M. Thomas, Nov. i, '61; resigned June 21, '62. Sergeant Majors. — Henry C. Spreen, Oct. 11, '61; pro- moted from musician Company B Apr. 10, '65; veteran. Sidney J. Brauff, Oct. ir, '6r; promoted from serg. Com- pany B Oct. 19, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 28, '62. William P. Price, Sept. 20, '61; promoted from priv. Company B April i, '62; to 2nd lieut. Company E June 20, '62. Silas M. Cline, Sept. 20, '61; promoted from Corp. Company C Feb, 10, '64; to 2nd lieut. Com- pany C Apr. 10, '65; veteran. Alfred W. Letteer, Oct. 14, '61; promoted from sergt. Company D June 21, '62; captured at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, '63; died at An- dersonville. Quartermaster Sergeants. — Joseph Guthrie, Dec. 8, '61; promoted from com. sergt. Apr. i, '65; veteran. George S. Drake, Oct. 8, '61; promoted from private Company B. to Q. M. sergt. Feb. 5, '64; ist lieut. Com- pany B. April 10, '65; veteran. Commissary Sergeants. — Richard Mitchell, Sept. 20, '61; promoted from corp. Company C. Apr. i, '65; veteran. Thomas G. Cochran, Oct. 11, '61; promoted from private Company A to commissary sergt. Oct. ir, '6i ; 2nd lieut. Company D Aug. 27, '62. Hospital Stewards. — Daniel E. Davis, Oct. 9, '61; pro- moted from private Company F Sept. 9, '64; veteran. Chas. H. Cressler, Oct. 11, '61; promoted from private Company A Oct. 11, '61; 2nd lieut. Company D June 19, '62. Wm. V. Marquis, Oct. 11, '6r; promoted from Corp. Company B June 20, '62; assistant surg. 28th regi- ment Kentucky volunteers Feb. '63. COMPANY G. Officers. — Captains — Alexander Phillips, Oct. 26, '61; promoted maj. Apr. 12, '6t,. Henry Stern, Oct. 11, '6r; promoted from ist lieut. Apr. 17, '63; resigned Sept. 9, '63. Samuel T. Davis, Sept. 20, '61; promoted from adj. Dec. 8, 'Gy, discharged Aug. 15, '64, for wounds received at Resaca, Ga., May 14, '64. Edwin Morgan, Oct. 11, '61; promoted ist sergt. Feb. 5, '64; ist lieut. May i, '65; capt. Sept. I, '65; mustered out with company Dec. 6, '65; veteran. First lieutenants— William H. Thomas, Oct. ir, '61; promoted from 2nd to 1st lieut. Apr. 17, 'dy killed at Liberty Gap, Tenn,, June 25, 'd-i,. William Watkins, Oct. 11, '61; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Apr. 10, '65; ist lieut. Sept. i, '65; discharged Oct. 7, '65; veteran. Second lieutenants — David Garbet, Oct. 21, '61; promoted from ist sergt. Apr. 17, '63; captured at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, '63; mustered out Mar. 15, '65. John Grison, Oct. 11, '61; promoted sergt. Feb. 5, '64; ist sergt. May i, '65; 2nd lieut. Sept. i, '65. First sergeant, Evan Waters, Oct. ii,'6i; promoted corp. Feb. 5, '64; sergt. May I, '65, ist sergt. Sept. io,'65; vetean. Sergts. — Ernest Johnston, Oct. 11, '61; promoted corp. Feb, 5, '64; sergt. Mar. i, '65; discharged Mar. 4, '65; veteran. John Barnett, Oct. 11, '61; promoted corp Feb. 5, '64; sergt. May i,'65; veteran. L. Barright, Nov.13, '61 ; wounded at Jonesboro, Tenn., Sept. i, '64; promoted corp. Mar. i, '65; sergt. May i, '65; discharged Oct. 18, '65; veteran. John T. Hope, Oct. 9' '61; promoted sergt. Sept. 10, '65; veteran. Hugh Gallagher,Oct. 11, '61; promoted corp. Feb. S, '64; sergt. July 7, '64; prisoner from Nov. 30, '64, to Apr. 28, '65; discharged June 2, '65; veteran. James Forrester, Oct. 11, '61; promoted from corp. Mar. r, '63; discharged on surg's certificate June 25, '63. William' Morris, Oct. ir, '61; promoted sergt. Apr. 15, 'dy cap- tured at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, '63; died at Ander- sonville, '64. George Stevens, Oct. 11, '6i; promoted sergt. Mar. i, '63; captured at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, '63; died at Andersonville Oct., '64. Oscar C. Smith, Oct. II, '61; promoted sergt. Apr. 17, 'dy captured at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 18, '63; died at Andersonville July 24, '64. Corporals — Philip Waters, Dec. 15, '61; promoted corp. Mar. i, '65; veteran. G. W. Mitchell, Oct. II, '61; promoted corp. Mar. \;dy veteran. E. L. Evans, Mar. 3, '64; promoted corp. Mar. i, '65. William G. Fagan, Feb. 20, '64; promoted corp. May i, '65. James' Phillips, Mar. 3, '64; promoted corp. May. i, '65. John Moore, Feb. 22, '64; promoted corp. July i, '65. Lewis Herbert, Nov. 15, '6 1 ; promoted corp. Sept. 10, '65 ; veteran. Fhomas Morgan, Feb. 9, '65; promoted corp.'Sept. 10, '65. Benjamin Phillips, Oct. 11, '61; discharged on surg's certificate July 13. '62. Gilbert B. Vail, Oct. 11, '61; promoted corp. Mar. i, '63; captured at Chicka- mauga, Ga., Sept. 19, '63; died at Andersonville, Sept. 19, '64. Edwin Hall, Oct. 11, '61; promoted corp. Mar. I, '63; captured at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, '63; died at Andersonville, Oct. II, '64. Aaron K. Pruden, Oct. II, '61; died at Stevenson, Ala., July 14, '62. Joseph Thomas, Mar. 31, '64; promoted corp. May i, '65; died Aug. 9, '65. William Welsh, Oct. 11, '61; died at Louis- ville, Ky., '62. John E. Thomas, Oct. 11, '61; deserted Apr. '63. Privates. — Henry Ammons, Feb. 15, '64; absent, sick at muster out. James Armstrong, Feb. 13, '65- died at St. Louis, Mo., Jan. 24, '66. T. R. Armstrong, Feb. 10, 65. James Atkins, Mar. 5, '65; died at New Orleans, La., July 20, '65. Joseph Bailey, Feb. 22, '64. William ^#= =^^ COMPANY G, SEVENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. 145 Baker, Feb. 25, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Robert Burrows, Nov. 15, '61; mustered out Nov. 22, '64. Jos- eph Bryant, Oct. 11, '61; mustered out Oct. 11, '64. Mirtin Barrett, Nov. 6, '62; mustered out Nov. 5, '65. William F. Barney, Mar, 3, '64; died at Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 5, of wounds received at Marietta, Ga., July 4, '64. James Brown, George Buchanan and Thomas Borches, Oct. II, '61; discharged; date unknown. George Black, Feb. 24, '64; not on muster out roll. John Caffery, Mar. 9, '64. Bryne Cafferty, Mar. 21, '64; discharged Dec. 6, '65. Peter Carney, Apr. 5, '64; discharged Oct. 11, '65. Jonathan Coslett, Mar. 21, '64. William Collins, Feb. 10, '65. Patrick Clark, Feb. 11, '65. Charles Connor, Nov. 15, '61; wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. ig, '63; mustered out Oct. 22, '64. Charles Cressler, Jan. 24, '62; discharged Oct. 22, '62. Andrew M. Clark, Oct. 11, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 11, '62. Nicholas Conroy, Feb. 23, '64; discharged Mar. 19, '65, for wounds received at Dallas, Ga., June 2, '64. Edwin B. Cavil and George B. Carr, Oct. 11, '61; discharged; date unknown. Howell Davis, Feb. 10, '65. Wyant Disler, Feb. 11, '65, Lewis L. Davis, Apr. 12, '65. John C. Daily, Feb. 22, '64; killed at Dallas, Ga., June 30, '64. William Davis, Nov. 15, '61; killed at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, '62. George Davis, Feb. 9, '65; died at New Orleans, La., Aug. 23, '65. Joseph Daily, Mar. 11, '64; deserted in April, '64. Thomas Ellis, Feb. 11, '65. David Ed- monds, Oct. IT, '61; deserted in Nov., '62. James For- rester, Oct. g, '61; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. Charles Farber, Mar. 20, '65. George Fennell, Mar. 21, '65; discharged Oct. 9, '65. Thomas Francis, Feb. 13, '64; died at Kingston, Ga., Aug. 30, '64, of wounds re- ceived at Atlanta. Griffith George, Feb. 10, '65. Martin Garrety, Mar. 28, '64; discharged Oct. 13, '65. Patrick Gallagher, Oct. 11, '61; discharged July it, '63, for wounds received at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, '62. Theodore Graham, Oct. 11, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 14, '62, Peter Grundy, Oct. 24, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. i, '63. Llewellyn Griffith, Mar. 31, '64; died at Hyde Park, Pa., Apr. 4, '64. Thomas Grissinger, Mar. 15, '63; died at Blue Springs, Ky., June 2, '64. David Griffith, Mar. 5, '64; died at Marietta, Ga., July 5, of wounds received at Kingston July 4, '63. Thomas Gillpatrick, Oct. 11, '6t; deserted in Feb., '63. Michael Heavers, Mar. 3, '64; discharged Oct. g, '65. George Heidle, Mar. 4, '64; ab- sent, sick, at muster out. John B. Haun, Feb. 23, '64; discharged Oct. n, '65. Charles Hadley, Feb. 9, '65. Hugh Hughes, Feb.' 10, '65; discharged Oct. 9, '65. William Herbert, Oct. 11, '61; mustered out Oct. it, '64. John Howey, May 9, '64; wounded at Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 25, '64; discharged July to, '65. Peter Hart, Mar. 18, '64; discharged June 23, '65. William L. Holford, Oct. 27, '62; mustered out Nov. 5, '65. Charles Harris, Feb. 26, '64; discharged Sept. 27, '65. Robert Howe, Oct. 11, '61; discharged by surg's certificate July 27, '62. Lionel Hopkins, Feb. 22. '64; transferred to veteran reserve corps Oct. 10, '64. William Hays, Oct. g, '61 ; died at New Orleans, La., Aug. i, '65. Jacob Houser, Oct. it, '61; died at Nashville, Tenn., June 14, '62. George Hastings, Oct. 11, '61; discharged. Ezekiel Hoyt, Oct. 24, '61; deserted June, '63. Reuben Ireland, Feb. 2g, '64; died at Chattanooga, Tenn., May 25, '65; burial record Aug. i, '64. George Iden, Mar. 4, '64; not on muster out roll. John Jones, Feb. 8, '65. James Jones, Feb. 8, '65; discharged Oct. t8, '65. Sam jel John, Mar. 2, '65; discharged Oct. 6, '65. William D. Jones, Feb. 25, '65; discharged Oct. 7, '65. Jesse John- son, Oct. IT, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 14, '65. Thomas Jordon; discharged on surg's certifi- cate. William Jamison, Feb. 11, '65; discharged on surg's certificate Sept, 12, '65, William Jones, Nov, 15, '61; died at Nashville, Tenn., Jan, 9, '65, of wounds received at Atlanta, Gn,, .'\ug, 25, '64; veteran. Morgan Jones, Oct. II, '6r; died at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 19, '64, of wounds received at Nashville, Dec. 16, '64; veteran. Edward Jones, Oct, 11, '61; killed at Frank- lin, Tenn., Nov, 30, '64, William P. Jones, Mar. 21, '64; died at Marietta, Ga,, July lo, of wounds received at Reaaca, June 21, '64. John R, Jones, Ebenezer Jones and John Jeremiah, Oct, ii, '6i; deserted Oct. 9, '62. Joseph Johnston, Feb. 29. '64; not on muster out roll. James Kelley, Mar. 4, '64. John Kelley, Oct. it, '61; wounded at Liberty Ga|i, Tenn., June 25, '6^\ mustered out Nov. :2, '64. Charles Keller, Nov. 15, '6t; dis- charged on surg's certificate May 21, '62, Joseph Knouse, Oct. IT, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov., '63. Hiram P. Kerlan, Feb, 27, '64; died at Nashville, Tenn., July 30, of wounds received at Kenesaw Moun- tain, Ga., June 19, '64, Joseph D. Lloyd, Mar, 3, '65; discharged Oct, 7, '65, Peter W, Lynch, Feb. 13, '65; absent, sick, at r.juster out. William Lewis, Oct. ii, '6r; mustered out Ocl, 11, '64, Samuel W. Loveless; dis- charged, John Loftice, Mar, 21, '64; killed at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 19, '64. David Lindsay, Oct, ti, '61; captured at Chickamauga, Ga,, Sept, 19, '63; died at Andersonville, Jan, 19, '65. Samuel Lane, Oct. 24, '61; captured at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, '63; died at Andersonville, Sept. r, '64. Enoch Lloyd, Mar. 19, '64; deserted March 21, '64. Lawrence Morgan, Oct. 9, '61; wounded at Liberty Gap, Tenn., June 25, '63; absent, on furlough, at muster out; veteran. John Morgan, Mar. 4, '65; discharged Oct. 7, '65. Wat- kins Matthews, Mar. 3, '65; discharged Oct, ig, '65. Francis Moran, Mar. 3, '64; wounded May 10, '64; ab- sent, in hospital, at muster out. David Morgan, Mar. 9, '64. Martin Metzger, Mar. iS, '64. Stephen Mitchell, May 14, '64; discharged Oct. 7, '65. David Michaels, Nov. 75, '61; mustered out Dec. 6, '64. Thomas Monk, Oct, II, '6t; discharged on surg's certificate, June 2, '62. Charles Monk, Oct, ir, '6t; discharged on surg's certifi- cate July 21, '62, Taylor Myton, Feb. 22, '64; wounded at Kingston, Ga., July 4, '64; transferred to veteran re- serve corps Jan. 2, '65; discharged Nov, 22, '65. Griffith Morris, Oct. 11, '6r; captured at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. ig, '63; died at Andersonville, June 30, '64, John J. Monk, Nov. 13, '61; died at Shiloh, Tenn., May 10, '62. John Miles, Charles N. Miles, and Evan Millward, Oct. TT, '6t; discharged; date unknown. Peter M'Caffery, Feb. II, '65; discharged Oct. 18, '65. William M'Don- ald. Mar. ig, '64; wounded at Dallas, (ia.. May 2g, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Patrick M'Donald, Oct. 11, '6t; discharged on surg's certificate June ii, '63. Frank- lin M'Lane, Oct. 24, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 3, '64. James M'Keen, Oct. 11, '61; captured at Chickamauga, Sept. ig, '63; died at Andersonville, Aug. 24, '64. John M'Donald, Oct. 11, '61; captured at Chick- amauga, Ga., Sept. ig, '63; died at Andersonville, '64. John M'Gaun, Feb, 4, '6j; deserted Feb. 8, '65. John Nailon, Mar. 24, '64; died at Ball's Gap, Tenn., Apr. 20, '65. Patrick H. Nash, Oct. 11, '6t; deserted Feb. 28, '63, Stephen Ohnstead, Feb. 25, '64, and Charles Oakley. Feb. TO, '65; absent, sick at muster out. James O'Harra, Apr. 4, '64, and Noah Owens, Feb. 27, '65; discharged Sept. 15, '65. Edward Pinch, Feb. 13, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. William D. Port, Feb. 22, '64. Thomas Pace, Mar. 23, '64; died at Marietta, Ga., July 6, of wounds received at Kingston July 4, '64. James Pow- ell, Oct. II, '61; captured at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. ig, '63; died at Atlanta Dec. 5, '6^. John and William Pierce, Oct. 11, '61; discharged; date unknown. Henry Quinn, Feb. 23, '64. Joseph Ruland, Mar. 9, '64; dis- ■^^ ■|a *i^ 146 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 4 charged Oct. 6, '65. David Reese, Feb. 9, '65. Charles W. Reed, Feb. 11, '65; discharged Oct. 6, '65. William M. Reese, Feb. 9, '65; discharged May 15, '65. Thomas Rosser, Oct. 11, '6r; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 13, '62. William Reese, Mar. 4, '64; discharged on surg's certifi'cate Sept. 12, '6^. Hiram Reynolds, May 9, '64; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 14, '65. Wil- liam Reynolds, Mar. 9, '64; died at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. I, '64. Griffith Reese, Oct. ir, '6r; died at Louis- ville, Ky., May 27, '62. John Roberts, Mar. 7, '64; not accounted for. James Scott, Oct. 9, '61; wounded at Kencsaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, '64; mustered out with company D«c. 6, '65; veteran. Charles L. Shultz, Mar. 25, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Alexander Shubert, Apr. II, '64; wounded at Jonesboro, Tenn., Sept. i, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. George W. Stiles, Mar. 10, '64. Frederick Seigel, Nov. i, '62; mustered out Nov. 5, '65. George M. Sillsbee, Oct. it, '61; wounded at Dal- las, Ga., May 28, '64, and Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 30, '64; promoted principal musician June 19, '65; veteran. James Spence, Oct. it, '61; died at Kingston, Ga„ Oct. 16, '64. Enos Snyder, Oct. 11, '61; discharged; date unknown. Griffin C. Strark, Feb. 25, '64; deserted Apr., '64 John Schoonover, David N. Snyder, Marcus ShoU and Smith A. Strong, Oct. 11, '61; discharged; date unknown. William Thatcher, Mar. 3, '64; discharged Oct. 21, '65. Lawrence Toomey, Mar. 9, '64. Peter Trimble, Mar. 3, '65; discharged Oct. 7, '65. Commodore Thorpe, Nov. 13, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 14, '62. Evan W. Thomas, Oct. II, '61; discharged on surg'scertificate Junes, '62. Michael G. Tighe, May 6, '64; deserted Dec, '64. William Tuttle, Apr. 7, '64; deserted Apr., '64. Edward Turley, Oct. 11, '61; deserted July 9, '65; veteran. John Watkins, Feb. 8, '65; absent, sick, at muster out. William Webb, Feb. II, '65. John Weaver, Mar. 9, '64. Michael Welsh, Mar. 24, '64. Aaron Warren, Mar. 31, '64. William Wingate, Feb. 22, '64; wounded at Kingston, Ga., July 4, '64; dis charged on surg's cerdficate May 9, '65. Morgan Wil- liams, Oct. II, '61; discharged on surg's certificate May 9, '62. Alexander Wiper, Oct. 11, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 29, '62. Richard Ward, Oct. 11, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 18, '63. Philo A. Wilmot, Oct. II, '61; mustered out Oct. 18, '64. Mor- ris Welsh, Oct. II, '61; died at Chattanooga, Tenn., May 20, '64. Samuel Wilks, Oct. 21, '61; captured at Chick- amauga, Ga., Sept. ig, '6^; died at Andersonville Aug. II, '65. W. G. Weatherby, Nov. i, '62; deserted; re- turned; died at New Orleans, La., July 3, '65. Sanford C. Wilson, Feb. 9, '65; died at Jefferson Barracks, Mo., Sept. ig, '65. Owen Williams, Nov. 15, '61; deserted Dec. 30, '63. William Williams, Oct. 11, '61; deserted Apr. 18, '62. James White, Butler A. Ward, and Henry H. Wood, Oct. II, '61, deserted; date unknown. COMPANY H. Officers. — Captains — Henry ^W. Derby, Sept. 8, '61; resigned Apr. 4, '62. Joseph Thomas, Sept. 28, '61 ; pro- moted from 2nd lieut. Company A Apr. 4, '62; discharg- ed Oct. 30, '62. ist lieutenants, William J. M'Gratty, Oct. 16, '61; resigned Mar. 29, '62. James F. Shattuck,' Jan. 31, '62; promoted from 2nd to ist lieut. Mar. 31, '62; discharged Nov. 30, '62. 2nd lieutenant— Henry H. Wood; discharged Sept. 30, '62. Sergeants— Miles M. Bradford, Oct. 14, '61; discharged Mar. 22, '66, to date Nov, 15, '62. Frank Hollenbach and Daniel B. Coon, Oct. 14, '61; discharged Apr. 25, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. Corporals— George Carr, Oct. 15, '61; discharg- ed Mar. 22, '66, to date Nov. 15, '62. Edward C, Cavill Oct. 15, '61; discharged Apr. 25, '66, to date Nov. lo' '62. John Schoonover. Oct. 14, '61; discharged May 4, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. Privates. — Joseph Alexander, Dec. 18, '61. Joseph Bennett, Oct. 14, '61; discharged Mar. 21, '66, to date Nov. 15, '62. Levi Bennett, Oct. 14, '61; discharged Mar, 21, '66, to date Nov. 15, '62. Daniel Bricker, Oct. 9, '61; discharged May 4, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. Thomas F. Bochert, Oct. 9, '61; discharged May 4, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. Samuel Burhite, Nov. 15, '61. Henry Bastian, Nov. 21, '61. Martin Biertenstine, Nov. 21, '61. John Bender, Dec. 18, '61. John W. Bilingen, Dec. 18, '61. Foster Cooper, Dec. 6, '61; discharged Mar. 7, '66, to date Nov. 15, '62. Charles Conner, Nov. 15, '61. Charles Cope, Oct. 11, '61. William Cook, Dec. 18, '61. Maurice Cotter, Dec. 18, '61. William Emory, Dec. i, '61. Henry Gardner, Nov. 27, '61. George Hause, Oct. 3, '61. Robert Holden, Oct. 3, '61. Robert Hardenn, Dec. 18, '61. Arnold Hendricks, Oct. 14, '6r; discharged April 25, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. Charles Innerot, Nov. 26, '61. John Lewis, Oct. 3, '61. Peter Lorrett, Oct. 3, '61. George F. Laubach, Sept. 19, '61; transferred to Company A. Linas Miles, Nov. 28, '61. Patrick Maloney, Nov. 25, '61. William Marshall, Dec. 18, '61. Charles W. Miles^ Oct. 15, '61; discharged Apr. 25, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. John Miles, Oct. 15, '61; discharged Mar. 26, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. William Marks, Dec. 8, '61; dis- charged July 6, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. Albert Peopher, Oct. 3, '61. John C. Pearce, Oct. 15, '61; dis- charged Apr. 25, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. Daniel J. Patterson, Oct. 14, '61; discharged May 4, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. Julius Reater, Oct. 3, '61. Frederick Rasp, Dec. tS, '61. John Snyder, Oct. 3, '61. John Sleager, Oct. 3, '61. Hiram Slack, Oct. 18, '61. William J. Sharp, Nov. 21, '61. Philip Stalp, Dec 18, '61. Samuel Stoner, Dec. 12, '61. David B. Snyder, Oct. 15, '61; discharged Apr. 25, '66, to date Nov. 10, '62. William Thomas, Oct. 18, '6i. John Wertle, Oct. 3, 61; Andrew Walter, Dec. 20, '6t. Philip Walters, Dec. 18, '61. Benjamin Woodney, Oct. 14, '6r; dis- charged May 4, '66, to date Nov. 10. '62. CHAPTER XXIV. LUZERNE IN THE CIVIL WAR— HISTORIES OF THE 8 1 ST, 92ND AND 96TH REGIMENTS. HE recruiting of the 8ist regiment commenced in August, 1861, and in Octoberit proceeded to Washington. Company H was recruited in Carbon and Luzerne counties, and Com- pany K in Luzerne. The regiment was engaged C^ only in police and scout duty till the ist of March, 1862, when it took the field. During the advance to the Peninsula it was engaged mostly in fatigue duty. It built the Sumner bridge and crossed on it with its brigade, had a skirmish with the enemy and returned. At Fair Oaks, on the 31st of May, the regiment was engaged and Colonel Miller was killed. On tne 25th of June, three Companies-D, H and K— were engaged in a picket flght. On the 29th the regiment was in action at Peach Orchard, and on the 30th at White Oak Swamp and THE EIGHTY-FIRST VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 147 Charles Cily Cross Roads, losing heavily. July ist it was engaged at Malvern Hill, at which battle Lieutenant Colonel Connor was killed. The regiment returned to Acquia creek by transports, thence to Alexandria, and to the second Bull Run battle field, but was not engaged. It was next in action at Antietam on the 17th of September, where it again lost heavily. Thence it moved to Harper's Ferry and after- wards to Warrenton. When Burnside assumed command of the army the regiment moved to Falmouth, and on the 13th of December it was engaged at Fredericksburg. In this battle Lieutenant Colonel Swain was killed and Colonel McKeen wounded. It returned to quarters at Falmouth, where it remained till the latter part of May, when it broke camp and during the month of June moved from place to place, and arrived at Gettysburg on the ist of July, having marched thirty-eight miles the preceding day. On the 2nd and 3d it was "in the thick of the fray " and lost half of its effective strength. During the remainder of the summer it was in Virginia with the second corps, to which it was attached, and went into winter quarters near Stevensburg. In January a portion of the men re-e^listed and received a veteran furlough, and its ranks were recruited. It took the field in the spring of 1864. During three days early in May the regiment was engaged at the battle of the Wilderness, and on the 12th at Spottsylvania. It was again engaged at Cold Harbor on the 3d of June, and its colonel was killed there. It participated in the siege of Petersburg, and was engaged there and at Strawberry Plains, Ream's Station and Deep Bottom, in all of which actions it sus- tained its character for bravery. It remained in front of Petersburg during the winter of 1864-5, and participated in the campaign of the next spring. It was frequently engaged, but did not suffer severe loss except at Farm- ville, on the 7th of April, two days before the surrender of Lee. This concluded its fighting. It returned to the vicinity of Washington and was mustered out on the 29th of June. Its losses and casualties during its term of service were: Field and staff officers, 2 from disease, i prisoner, 5 wounded and 4 killed; line officers, 2 prisoners, 40 wounded and 14 killed; enlisted men, 79 deaths from disease, 152 prisoners, 516 wounded and 201 killed. FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. Following is a roll of the regimental officers of the 8ist. The dates when they were mustered in are given. Those who are not mentioned as having left the regiment before June 29th, 1865, were mustered out at that date. Colonels.— ]z.mei Miller, Aug. 8, '61; killed at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. Charles F. Johnson, Sept. 16, '61; promoted from lieut. col. June i, '62; wounded at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62; resigned Nov. 24, '62. H. Boyd M'Keen, Oct. 27, '61; promoted from adj. to maj. June 1, '62; lieut. col. July i, '62; col. Nov. 24, '62; wounded at Malvern Hill July i, '62; Fredericksburg Dec. 13, '62, and at Chancellorsville May 3, '62; killed at Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, '64. William Wilson, Dec. 9, '61; promoted from capt. Company E to maj. Mar. 2, '64; to lieut. col. Apr. 22, '64; col. Oct. 30, '64; wounded at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 12, '64. Lieutenant Colonels. — Eli T. Conner, Oct. 1, '6f; pro- moted from maj. June i, '62; killed at Malvern Hill, Va., July I, '62. Robert M. Lee, jr., Aug. 10, '6r; promoted from capt. Company F to maj. June i, '62; to lieut. col. Nov. 24, '62; discharged Apr. 17, '63. Amos Stroh, Sept. 16, '61; promoted from capt. Company G Apr. 17, '63; resigned July 22, '63. Thomas C. Harkness, Sept. 18, '61; promoted from capt. Company H Apr. 17, '63; com- missioned lieut. col. July 24, '63; not mustered; resigned Mar. 14, '64. Lawrence Mercer, Sept. 1, '62; promoted from capt. Company A Oct. 30, '64; commissioned lieut. col.; not mustered. Adjutants. — Clinton Swain, Sept. 24, '61; promoted from sergt. maj. June 16, '62; to capt. Company D Dec. 9, '62. David J. Phillips, Oct. 15, '61; promoted from 2nd lieut. Company I Feb. i, '63; to capt. Company I May I, '63. John B. Munyan, Aug. 6, '61; promoted from 2nd lieut. Company A Dec. 26, '63; discharged Apr. 25, '64. William J. Wilson, Aug. 22, '62; promoted from sergt. Company E Oct. 5, '64; discharged May 8, '65. Quartermasters. — John M. Dutton, '61; died Apr. 26, '62. John Brelsford, Dec. 19, '61; promoted from sergt. Company I, May i. '62; resigned Apr. 26, '64. Lewis W. Ingram, Aug. 16, '62; promoted from com. sergt. 148th Pa., June 27, '64. Surgeons. — W. A. Gardiner, resigned Aug. 5, '62. H. S. Colston, Sept. 13, '62; resigned Dec. 21, '62. John Houston, Aug. i, '62; promoted from ass't surg. Jan. 14, '63; mustered out Sept. 15, '64. John C. Norris, Mar. 21, '63; promoted from ass't surg. Oct. 23, '64. Assistant Surgeons. — J. P. Kimball, resigned Jan. 30, '62. C. S. Widdifield, Feb. 15, '62; died at Fortress Monroe, Va., Apr. 27, '62. J. B. Reshler, June 14, '62; discharged Apr. 3, '63. Samuel Graham, Dec. 3, '64. Chaplain. — Stacy Wilson, Oct. 28, '61; resigned Mar. 22, '64. .Sergeant Majors. — Lawrence Davenport, Dec. 23, '63; promoted from ist sergt. Company A June i, '65; com- missioned 2nd lieut. Company A June 29, '65; not mus- tered; veteran. Jacob Hentz, Aug. 27, '62; discharged June I, '65. Nathan F. Marsh, Sept. 16, '61; promoted from private Company G to ist lieut. Company I, Nov. 25, '64; veteran. Quartermaster Sergeant. — Jacob A. Hollinger, Sept. 16, '61; promoted from private Company G May i, '64; com- missioned Q. M. June 29, '65; not mustered; veteran. Commissary Sergeants. — Jacob R. Beers, Mar. 2, '64; pro- moted to com. sergt. Oct. 30, '64. Joseph S. Webb, Oct-. 15, '61; promoted from private Company I to 2nd lieut. Company A Oct. 30, '64; veteran. Hospital Steward. — Frank C. Anderson, Aug. 17, '64; promoted to hosp. St. Nov. i, '64. Principal Musicians. — Wilbur T. Gear, Sept. 24, '61; promoted from musician Company D Dec. 13, '64; vet- eran. Alfred M. Hutchinson, Sept. 16, '61; promoted from musician Company B June 19, '65; veteran. Isaac N. Wilson, Aug. 6, '61; promoted from musician Com- pany A to 2nd lieut. Company F June 19, '65; veteran. Henry Wilson, Aug. 6, '61; promoted from musician Company A to 2nd lieut. Company F, Dec. 13, '64; vet- eran. COMPANY H. Company H was recruited in Luzerne and Carbon counties. Nearly all of its members were mustered in on the 22nd of August, 186 1, and the time of muster is given only where it was some other than that date. <^ -84 H= 148 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Officers. — Captains — Thomas C. Harkness, Sept. 18, '61; wounded at Charles City Cross Roads June 30, '62, and at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; promoted maj. April 7, '63; wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, '63. Thomas C. Williams, promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. July i, '63; to ist lieut. July i, '63; to capt. May I, '64; discharged Sept. 21, '64, for wounds received in action. First lieutenants — John C. M'Laughlin, Sept. 18, '6i; wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; promoted to capt. Company A May i, '63. William J. Wil- liams, promoted from sergt. May i, '64; discharged Oct. 12, '64; veteran. Second lieutenant, Thomas Morton, Sept. i8, '61; commissioned ist lieutenant Nov. 14, '62; capt. April 17, '63; not mustered; discharged June 12, '(>Z- First sergeant, Aaron Henry, wounded at Charles City Cross Roads June 30, '62, and at Bristoe Station, Va., 'dy, discharged. Sergeants — John Boyd, died at Alexandria, Va., Feb. 6, '62. David Reese, discharged '63. James W. Esbach, died Aug. 4, '62; buried in Cypress Hills cemetery, L. I. Edward Reynolds, wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, '(it,\ died July 3, of wounds received in action June 12, '64; buried in National cemetery, Arlington, Va. Corporals — Charles Morrison, transferred to Battery A 4th U. S. artillery. James B. Murray, killed at Ream's Station, Va., Aug. 25, '64. Stewart M'Intosh, wounded at Ream's Station, Va., Aug. 25, '64; promoted to ist sergt. Com- pany I; veteran. William Gumbert, not accounted for. Benjamin Hackett, transferred to 4th U. S. Artillery '62. William Nead, discharged. Anthony Ryemiller, killed at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62. Musi- cians — Daniel Dunn, discharged on surg's certificate Aug. '62. David Williams, discharged. Privates. — William Aubrey, deserted Oct. g, '6r. James Bell, wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; dis- charged. Patrick Boyle, transferred to bat. A, 4th U. S. art. Oct. I, '62. Aaron Breisch, discliarged. John Bag- ley, transferred to bat. A, 4th U. S. art. Oct. i, '62. Hugh Blair, wounded; transferred to Company E; vet- eran. James G. Brookmire, transferred to bat. A, 4th U. S. art. William Brannon, wounded; discharged. Martin Betz, died at Newport News, Va., Sept., ^62. James Burns, Sept. 9, '61; deserted '64. William Casey, died at Yorktown, Va., May 14, '62. John Clark, trans- ferred to Company E; veteran. Patrick Cookley, trans- ferred to 6th U. S. cav. Oct. i, '62. James Clark, dis- charged, '63, for wounds received at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. James Cadden, wounded; discharged. Patrick P. Coyle, deserted Feb. 11, '63. Elijah Cooper, Sept. 9, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps. Williani Clemens, Sept. 9, '61; discharged. Patrick Donahue, Sept. 9, '61; transferred to Company E; veteran.' John S. Duffy, transferred to band Nov. i, '61 Jeremiah Delay; killed at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62. William Delanour; killed at Charles' City Cross Road.s, Va., June 30, '62. Henry Doak; trans- ferred to Company I. W. H. H. Detzworth; not ac- counted for. David E. Davis; died at Falmouth, Va., Mar. II, '63. Jenkin Evans; discharged Sept., '63, for wounds received at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62. Owen Edwards; transferred to veteran reserve corps Apr., '(>t,. William Eddie; Aug. 9, '62; not ac- counted for. William Elliott; wounded at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62; deserted '63. Owen Fisher; captured; died at Richmond, Va,, June 12, '64. Michael Fritz; died July 7 of wounds received at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62. Charles Fritz- dis- charged Mar. I, '62. Patrick Fitzpatrick, Sept. 9,' '6[- died near Petersburg, Va., Aug., '64. James Gl'enni! died June 2, '(,t„ of wounds received at Fredericksburg! Va., Dec. 13, '62. Patrick Gallagher, ist; wounded '62' transferred to Company E. Patrick Golden; discharged Mar, 25, '63, for wounds received at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Jonathan H. Gorabert; discharged for wounds, with loss of leg, received at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. John Golmy; not accounted for. Francis Gal- lagher; wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; not accounted for. Thomas Gallagher; promoted to 2'nd lieut. Company C May 19, '65; veteran. Patrick Galla- gher, 2nd; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 11, 'd^. John Gallagher; discharged on surg's certificate, '63. Edward Handline; discharged Aug. 25, '62, for wounds received at Springfield Station, Va. John Henry; dis- charged '62 for wounds received at White Oak Swamp, Va. David Hughes; discharged Apr. 15, '6-^, for wounds re- ceived at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Moses Hon- ley; not accounted for. Jacob Hopple, Oct. 15, '61; transferred to Company I Nov. I, '61. William Hewitt; discharged on surg's certificate June, 'b-^. John T. Jones; discharged for wounds received in '62. Charles W. Jones; wounded at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps. James King; captured '64; exchanged; died. William Kiss- ner; discharged for wounds received at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62. James Kirk; discharged Feb. 26, '63, for wounds received in action. William Kane; not accounted for. Hugh Laughery; transferred to Company E; veteran. John S. Lewis; discharged on surg's certificate '6-^. James Laughery, Sept. 9, '61; died May 18, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court- house May 12, '64. Robert Mackey; discharged Apr., '63. Thomas T. Morgan; prisoner from Oct. 14, '63, to Mar. 4, '65; discharged Apr. 27, '65. Thomas Mullhall; discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, '62. John Manelis; not accounted for. John E. Mears; wounded and captured June 30, '62. John Mil- ler; transferred to Company I Nov. j, '61. Charles Mur- phy; killed at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Thomas H. Morgan; deserted Oct. 9, '61. James Murphy; dis- charged on surg's certificate Feb., '63. Charles Morrison; wounded; transferred to 4th U. S. artillery, '62. Daniel -M'Lean; discharged Aug., '62; Buck'n W'xMullin; de- serted July 31, '62. Patrick M'Laughlin; killed at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62. Daniel M'Candless; discharged on surg's certificate, '63. Wil- liam M'Kechney; transferred to Battery A, 5th U S ar- tillery, Oct. I, '62. John M'Fadden, Aug. 6, '62; de- serted Jan. 12, 'bT,. John M'Nally, Aug. [6, '61; dis- charged on surg's certificate. Mar. i, '63. John Newton; wounded June 30, '62; not accounted for. John O'Donnell; killed at Malvern Plill, Va., July i, '6^ Alfred Overolester; not accounted for. fohn ParKci ; mustered out with company June 29, '65. fohn Phil deserted Oct. 9, '61. David Powell ps; wounded May 12, 64; discharged. Howell Pugh; deserted Oct. 7, '61. William Quigley; wounded May 12, '64; discharged. John Quigley; discharged for wounds received in action John Radchff; killed at Chancellorsville, Va May 3 '63 Thomas Reese; transferred to veteran reserve corps' '6-? Austin Riley; deserted Oct. 7, '61. Andrew Rodgers; killed at Charles City Cross Roads, Va„ June 30, '62. I homas Robinson; wounded, with loss of leg, at Cold Harbor Va., June 3, '64; discharged. David Reese; dis- charged for wounds received in action. Robert Roberts- transferred to Company E. Ernest Stutz; deserted Oct. 3, 01. VVilham Swope; transferred to Company I Nov I, 61. Richard Swift; died July 2, '62. Alexander Snedden; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July, '63- dis- charged. Vivian Stevens; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Sept 29 62. John Sheridan; transferred to Bat- tery A 4th U^ S. artillery. Philip Thomas; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July, '63 ; discharged. William T. -^ 4 COMPANY K, EIGHTY-FIRST REGIMENT. 149 Thomas; discharged on siirg's certificate. John Vaughn; discharged on surg's certificate '63. Hugh Williamson; killed at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Christian Wall; wounded, with loss of arm, at Charles City Cross Roads, Va., June 30, '62; discharged Oct. '63. William H. Yundt; not accounted for. E. Zimmerman; killed at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. COMPANY K. The date of muster-in is given next to the name; where there is no further remark, the man was "not accounted for " in the final record of the company. Officers. — Captains — Charles E. Foster, Aug. 27, '61; resigned July 9, '62. Cyrus W. Straw, Oct. 27, '61; pro- moted from ist lieut May i, '(>t,\ discharged June 20, '(>t,. James M'Kinley, Oct. 27, '61; promoted from corp. to 2nd lieut. Sept. i, '63; to capt. Apr. 22, '64; resigned June 4, '65. First lieutenants — Alonzo E. Bennett, Oct. 27, '6r; promoted from ist sergt. July 13, '63; transferred to veteran reserve corps Oct. 12, '63. Peter Dougherty Oct. 27, '61; promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. Oct, 3, '64; to ist lieut. Oct. 30, '64; discharged Apr. 16, '65; veteran. Second lieutenants — William Belfovd, Oct. 27, '61; discharged May 7, '63. Emanuel C. Hoover, Oct. 27, '61; promoted from sergt. June 6, '64; killed at Ream's Station, Va., Aug. 25, '64; veteran. Washing- ton Setzer, Oct. 27, '61; promoted from ist sergt. Feb. 18, '65; resigned May 27, '65; veteran. John Graham, Sept. 24, '61; promoted from ist sergt. company B, June 16, '65; veteran. First sergeant, Alexander Kocher, Oct. 27, '61; promoted to sergt. Nov. i, '64; wounded Apr. 7, '65; absent at muster out; veteran. Sergeants — James Carrol, Dec. 23, '63; promoted to sergt. Mar. i, '65; veteran, Wm. Callaghan, Mar. 2, '64; captured at Spottsylvania C. H., Va., May '64; promoted to sergt. May I, '65. Conrad Hock, Oct. 27, '61; discharged; veteran. William Richards, Oct. 27, '61; killed at Farm- ville, Va., Apr. 7, '65; veteran. John Williamson, Oct. 27, 6i. Archibald Gilmore, Oct. 27, '61. Corporals — Joseph Eshenbrenner, Aug. 24, '64; substitute; promoted to Corp. Mar. i, '65. John W. Hammer, Aug. 23, '64; substitute; discharged June i, '65. John H. Painter, Aug. 22, '64; substitute; discharged June i, '65. Reuben Andy, Oct 27, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged on surg's certificate. May 11, '65; veteran. Michael Carrol, Oct. 27, '61; died June 14, '64. Noah Moyer, Feb. 9, 64; wounded in action; discharged May 31, '65. John Patton. Oct. 27, '61. James West, Oct. 27, '61; died June 11, '64. Charles W. Fellows, Oct. 27, '61; killed at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. John Banfz, Oct. 27, '61. William Powell, Oct. 27, '61. William Klinger. Oct. 27, '61. Musicians— John Haney, Jan. 7, '65; mustered out with company June 29, '65. Henry Straw and Michael O'Donnell, Oct. 27, '61; not accounted for. Privates.— Q,toxgt Austin, Sept. 22, '64; never joined company. William Aubrey, Aug. 22, '61; transferred to Company H. Joseph Acker, Oct. 27, '61. Abraham Andreas, '62; discharged in June, '65. John Andreas, '62; died at Falmouth, Va., Dec, '62. George Bond, Dec. 23, '63; wounded, date unknown; veteran. Henry Brunner, July 9, '65; mustered out with company June 29, '65. John Beckhart, Aug. 26, '64; never joined com- pany. John Britt and Hugh Boyle, Mar. 28, '64; inus- tered out with company June 29, '65. Edward Buming- hoff, Mar. 2, '64; missing in action June 3, '64. Adolph Becker, Aug. 17, '64; substitute. Joseph Brooks, Oct. 27, '61. Frederick Bloom, Oct. 27, '61; died May 4, '63. Wilson Beers and Lorin H, Butts, Oct. 27, '6i. John Brindle, Oct. 27, '61; discharged on surg's certificate in '63. Joseph Connelly, Mar. 30, '64; dis- charged by general order May 16, '65. David Crawford, Alfred Cool, Nathan Culp and Michael Conner, Oct. 27, '61. JamesCarty, Apr. i3,'64. John Deal, died June 6, '64. Benjamin F. Davis, Oct. 27, '6r; died at Portsmouth Grove, R. I, Aug. 15, '62. George W. Dreisbach, Oct. 27, '61. George Detwiler, Oct. 27, '61. John Dougherty, Oct. 27, '61; discharged on surg's certificate. Francis Eisele, Aug. 10, '64; substitute; mustered out with com- pany June 29, '65. Joseph Fritzinger, Oct. 27, '61; mustered out with company June 29, '65; veteran. Mich- ael Farley, Mar. 2, '64; mustered out with company June 29, '65. Daniel Fisher, Aug. 22, '64; substitute; absent, wounded, at muster out. John C. Fisher, Aug. 22, '64; substitute; deserted June 14, '65. Abram Felton; died; date unknown. Robert T. Farrow, Aug. 6, '62; dis- charged by general order June i, '65. John C. Fritz, Oct. 27, '61; discharged on surg's certificate '63. Thomas Felton, Oct. 27, '6i. William Graham and John H. Green, Sept. 13, '64; never joined company. Philip Gallagher, Oct. 27, '61. Dennis Gallagher, Oct. 27, '61; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Joseph Hayman, Aug. 24, '64; substitute; absent, sick, at muster out. David Henry, Mar. 2, '64; mustered out with company June 29, '65. William Hardy, Sept. 27, '64; never joined company. John Hart, Sept. 14, '64; never joined company. George Helfridge, Sept. 27, '64; never joined company. William Hobson, July 16, '64; substitute; mustered out with com- pany June 29, '65. Redman Hurley, Sept. 24, '64; dis- charged June I, '65. John Hughes, Sept. 13, '64; dis- charged June I, '65. Charles Hanning, Oct. 27, '61; promoted to sergt. Company I Feb. 6, '65; veteran. James Hammond, Condy Hagerty, Samuel Henry and Lewis Hopkins, Oct. 27, '61; not accounted for. James Johnson, Aug. 15, '64; substitute; discharged June i, '65. Isaac Kenvin, Oct. 27, '61; wounded June 3, '64; absent at muster out; veteran. Edward Klinetop, Dec. 23, '63; mustered out with company June 29, '65; vet- eran. James M. Kresge, Dec. 11, '61; deserted; return- ed; discharged June 3, '65. Charles Kelly and Stephen Koons, Mar. 2, '64; mustered out with company June 29, '65. John Klotz, Mar. 2, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Samuel Kuchner, May 3, '64; mustered out with company June 29, '65. James K. Kurtz, Aug. 22, '64; substitute; discharged June i, '65. Martin Karchner, Barney Kelley and David Kloss, Oct. 27, '61; not accounted for. Thomas Lutz, '61; died '62. Jesse Lines, Oct. 27, '61; not accounted for. Penrose Lowers, Oct. 27, '61 ; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 12, '64. Otmar Miller, Aug. 11, '64; substitute; absent, sick, at muster out. Michael MuUherron, Mar. 2, '64; wounded May 8, '64; absent at muster out. George Murphy, Sept. 20, '64; never joined company. Jacob Miller, Aug. 26, '64; discharged. George W. Miller, Sept. 24, '64, and Samuel Miller, Aug. 26, '64; discharged June i, '65. William Morgan, Oct. 27, '61; died July 26, '64. John B. Maiger, died at Philadelphia, Pa., May 9, '65. William Magee, Oct. 27, '61; not accounted for. William Meckus, Oct. 27, '61; deserted '62. Joseph Matthews, Oct 27, '61; killed at Fred- ericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Henry Martin, '64; discharged June '65. Robert M'Murray, Mar. 23, '64; mustered out with company June 29, '65. Francis M'Kensay, Sept. 12, '64, and James M'Carron, Aug. 6, '62; discharged June i, '65. Peter M'Gee, Oct. 27, '61; promoted to ist sergt. Company A.; veteran. Dennis Northstein, Mar. 2, '64; mus- tered out with company, June 29, '65. Francis O'Brien, Sept. 27, '64; never joined company. David O'Connor, Oct. 27, '61; not accounted for, Charles Polland and Morris Quinn, Sept. 27, 64; never joined company. Manas- ^^ <^ seh Roat, Mar. 3, '64; mustered out with company June 29, '65. Patrick Reiley, Feb. 6, '64, and VViiiiam Rutt- man, Mar. 2, '64; never joined company. John Rutter, Aug. 27, '64; discharged June i, '65. John Rhyne; killed at Farmville, Va., Apr. 7, '65. Daniel Raver, Oct. 27, '61; discharged. Penrose Sowers, Mar. 9, '64; missmg in action at Spottsylvania Court-house May 12, '64. Jona- than Smith, Mar, 9, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. John B. Smith, Feb. 10, '64; missing in action at Ream's Sta- tion, Va., Aug. 25, '64. Aaron Slahr, Mar. 2, '64; mus- tered out with company, June 29, '65. Antonie Shaugh, Feb. 10, '64; missing in action at Ream's Station, Va., Aug. 25, '64. John Smith, Sept. 20, '64, and Patrick Sharkee, Sept. 15, '64; never joined company. Edward Steinbrick, Aug. 17, '64; substitute; wounded March 25, '65; discharged June 23, '65. John Sweeney, Sept. 24, '61; captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Nov. 27, ^64. John G. Satorioiis, Aug. 6, '62; discharged June i, '65 Alexander Stetler, Oct. 27, '6r; died. Samuel Shafer, Oct. 27, '61; discharged. John Stein, Oct. 27, '61; de- serted, '62. Henry Shafer and Henry Schleppy, Oct 27, '61; not accounted for. A. Shoepp, Oct. 27, '61; dis- charged on surg's certificate, '62. Charles Thurbur, Mar. 30, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Burton Tubbs, Oct. 27, '61; not accounted for. George K. Wilkins, Ma.r. 30, '64; absent, wounded, at muster out. Henry Whipple, Mar. 2, '64; absent, sick, at , muster out. William Wal- lace, Sept. 22, '64, and George Ward, Sept. 15, '64; never joined company. William Williams, Sept. 24, '64; discharged June i, '65. Christian Wolfe, Aug. 22, '64; substitute; discharged June i, '65. Daniel Washburn, Aug. 6, '62; wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; discharged June i, '65. Edward Wiliis, Oct. 15, '61; discharged Nov. 2.2, '64. David D. Wilson and William I. Worrell, Oct. 27, '61. James S. Wells, Oct. 27, '61; died Feb. 20, '63. James Washburn, '62; died. W.S.Walter, '64; discharged June, '65. Henry Zigler, Aug. 16, '64; substitute; mustered out with company June 29, '65. Paul Zollinger, Mar. 2, '64; missing in action at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 12, '64. NINETY-SECOND REGIMENT ALRY). (NINTH CAV- This organization, which at first was called the Lochiel Cavalry, was recruited during the summer of 1861. It consisted of twelve companies, of which Company D was recruited in Luzerne, and Companies K and L were com- posed in part of men from that county. Its colonel, E. C. Williams, of Harrisburg, was a veteran of the Mexican war. Leaving on the 20th of November, the regiment moved via Pittsburg to Louisville, Ky. ; reported to Gen- eral Buell and went into camp at Jeffersonville, Ind. By severe drill and discipline the men had become fitted for the field by the next January, and accordingly the regiment was ordered to the front on Greene river. When the army advanced against Johnston this regiment remained in Kentucky by request of the Legislature and citizens. In March, 1862, it went to Tennessee, where its three battalions were stationed at different points, and the third battalion first met the enemy on the 4th of May, at Leb- anon, where a brilliant victory was achieved over Mor- gan. It again attacked and beat him on the 14th of the same month, at Spring Creek. It was engaged at Moore's Hill on the 6th of June, and at Tompkinsville on the 9th of July. In August the battalions were united, and the regiment was engaged in scouting and protecting the people in Ken- tucky against Morgan's guerillas. It had several en- counters with the enemy during the retreat of the Union army from Richmond, Ky. Afterward, at the battle of Perryville, it did excellent service, losing ten killed and twenty-seven wounded. For its gallantry in this action it was complimented by General Buell. It received fresh horses, and in December went on a raid in Tennessee to destroy railroad communication with Richmond. After crossing the mountains and swimming rivers it reached the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, vanquished the de- fending forces, and destroyed the bridges at Watauga and Holston rivers, and returned to Kentucky, reaching Nicholasville January 13, 1863, two-thirds of the men be- ing dismounted. It went to Louisville; thence to Nash- ville, where it was remounted. In February it went to Frankhn, where with about three hundred Michigan cav- alry it confronted a large rebel force during more than two weeks, making various attacks daily and thus deceiv- ing the enemy concerning the strength of the opposing force; and finally, when a division of Union troops was captured at Thompson's Station it brought back to Frank- lin the baggage train, artillery and wounded of the army and more than two hundred prisoners. Its next campaign was against Bragg in Tennessee, and it was engaged at Rover, Middleton, Shelbyville, Elk river. Cowan, Lafayette, Ga., and at Chickamauga. For its gallant conduct at this battle it was complimented by General Thomas. During the winter of 1863 and 1864 it did duty in East Tennessee, and was in action at Dan- bridge, New Market, Mossy Creek and Fair Garden. It re-enlisted, received a furlough, was recruited to full strength, and returned to the field in May, 1864. While waiting at Louisville for horses and arms, the regiment, armed with common muskets and mounted on horses seized for the purpose, went against Morgan and defeated his scheme for cutting communication between Sherman and his base of supplies. In September it went to Chattanooga, and thence across the mountain to Murfreesboro and Readyville where it attacked and defeated a portion of the rebel Wheeler's command, taking about three hundred. The enemy was pursvied and finally driven to the mountains. The regiment joined the army of Sherman, and on the 14th of November started with it on its march to the sea, under the command of General Kilpatrick. On the 16th it was in action at Lovejoy's Station. It was afterward during this march engaged at Macon, Bear Creek, Duanesboro and Buckhead Creek, in all of which the enemy's force, though superior, was beaten. After reaching Savannah, the cavalry in January, 1865, started through the Carolinas, and in its progress was engaged near Aiken, and at Black Stake's Station in South Caro- lina, and at Averysboro, Bentonville, — near Raleigh, — Hillsboro and Morrisville. This concluded the fighting of the war. The 9th had the honor of furfiishing an escort for General Sherman when he went to negotiate with Johnston the terms of surrender. ^> =^^ ^^ -^-: OFFICERS OF THE NINTH CAVALRY— COMPANY D, 'S' The following lists of portions of this regiment in which Luzerne county was represented contain (immedi- ately after the names) the dates of muster-in and subse- quent records of the men here enrolled. Each man, unless otherwise stated, was mustered out with his regi- ment or company July i8th, 1865. FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. Colonels. — Edward C. Williams, Nov. 21, '61; resigned Oct. 9, '62. Thomas C. James, Nov. 10, '61; promoted from lieut. col. Oct. 14, '62; died at Philadelphia Jan. 13, '63. Thomas J. Jordan, Oct. 22, '61; prisoner from July 9, to Dec. 9, '62; promoted from maj. Jan. 13, '63; brev. brig. gen. Feb 25, '65. Lieutenant Colonels. — George B. Brown, Nov. 21, '61; promoted from maj. Jan. 13, '63; resigned Feb. 12, '63. Rosvvell M. Russell, Nov. 21, '61; promoted from maj. Mar. 19, '63; resigned Nov. i, 'd^. Edward G. Savage, Oct. 7, '61; promoted from capt. Company B to maj. Mar. 19, '63; to lieut. col. May 30, '64; resigned Sept. 26, '64. David H. Kimmel, Oct. 29, '61; promoted from capt. Company H to maj. May 22, '63; lieut. col. Dec. 17, '64. Majors. — Griffith Jones, Oct. 3, '61; promoted from rapt. Company A Jan. 13, '63; resigned Dec. 2, '63. John S. Detweiler, Oct. 17, '61; promoted from capt. Company E March 19, '63; resigned Ai)ril 2r, '63. Charles A. Appel, Oct. 3, '61; promoted from capt. Com- pany F Aug. 23, '64: captured at Solemn Grove, N. C, Mar. 10, '65; discharged by special order May 25, '65. William H. Longsdorf, Oct. 26, '61; promoted from capt. Company I Aug. 23, '64; discharged by special order Jan. 10, '65. John M. Porter, Nov. 22, '6r; promoted from capt. Company C Dec. 17, '64; resigned May 30, '65. J. Frank Miller, Oct. 7, '61; promoted from capt. Company K June 23, '65. Adjutant. — Thomas A. Nicholas, Nov. 21, '61; promo- ted from ist lieut. Company K May 22, '63; discharged by special order June 3, '65. Quartermasters. — William H. Eckles, Oct. 17, '61; transferred to Company E as ist lieut. William D. Ear- nest, Nov. 23, '61; resigned Nov. 10, '62. Eugene S. Hendrick, Dec. 9, '61; promoted from ist lieut. Com- pany A May 22, '63. Commissary Sergeant. — Thomas J. Foose, Oct. 3, '61; promoted from sergt. Company A May 22, '63. Surgeons. — Oscar M. Robbins, Nov. 4, '61; resigned Aug. I, '64. S. C. Walker, Aug. 4, '62; promoted from ass't surg. Aug. 22, '64. Assistant Stirgeo7is. — John M. Junkin, Nov. 4, '61; pro- moted to surg. 56th Pa., Oct. i, '(-2. Rhodes S. Sutton, Mar. 17, '(>2i\ resigned January 5, '64. James Moore, Sept. 8, '64: wounded at Raleigh, N. C, Apr. 12, '65; discharged by special order May 27, '65. William Rice, Apr. 9, '65. Chaplains. — Edmund M'Kinney, Nov. 22, '61; resigned July 26, '64. Vete'inary Surgeons. — Charles W. Sherman, Dec. 9, '61; promoted from private Company E Jan. 23, '65. D. L. Echternach, Dec. 9, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 25, 'bT,- Sergeant Majors. — Cyrus S. Marks, Oct. 7, '61; promo- ted from private ('ompany B July i, '64; veteran. I. Lloyd, Jan. 10, '62; promoted from private Company I Jan. 10, '62; lieut. Company L Apr. 3, '62. Charles Coglizer, Nov. 14, '61; promoted from ist sergt. Company L Apr. 8, '62; 2nd lieut. Company C August 8, '62. Nathan W. Horton, Oct. 29, '61; promoted from sergt. Company H Aug. 8, '61; 2nd lieut. Company C May 22, '65. Isaac D. Landis, Oct. 29, '61; i)romoted from sergt. Company H May 23, '63; 2nd lieut. Company H July i, '64; veteran. Marshall H. Lentz, Nov, 21, '61; promoted from Q. M. sergt. to 2nd lieut. Company H, June 7, '62. Quartermaster Sergeants. — Henry Kroh, Oct. 3, '6 r ; promoted from sergt. Cou.pany A Feb. 24, '64; veteran. Augustus L. Krom, Oct. 26, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 5, (it,. Thoph's J. Mountz, Oct. 29, '61; promoted from ist sergt. Company H June 7, '62; 2nd lieut. Company E Aug 8, '62. Commissary Sergeants.— ^MzhaxA F. Martz, Oct. 7, '61. promoted from sergt. Company B May 20, '(55; veteran; John W. Wyeth, Oct. 17, '61; promoted from priv. Com- pany E Jan. T, '64; 2nd lieut. Company L June 30, '64; veteran. Jacob Coller, Oct. 17, '61; promoted from sergt. Company K June i, '64; ist lieut. Company E May 19, '65; veteran. David H. Miller, Oct. 3, ''61; transferred to Company A June 1 1, '(sT). Hospital Stewards. — Jacob F. Day, May 27, '64; pro- moted from priv. Comjianv H May 28, '64. Augustus Ebert, Oct. 3, '61; promoted from priv. Company A Jan. I, '65; veteran. Napoleon Saulnier, Nov. 23, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Saddler. — Henry Messner, Oct. 7, '61; promoted from saddler Company B Jan. 13, '65; veteran. IVagon Master. — Samuel Hogdon, Nov. 21, '61; not accounted for. Chief Buglers. — S. Kingsborough, Oct. 26, '61; pro- moted from bugler Comi^any I Jan. i, '64. Peter A. Mowers, Nov. 20, '61; discharged *on Lurg's certifica'e Nov. 25, '63. Hampton C. Stevens, Oct. 17, '61; pro- moted from Company E; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 14, '62. COMPANY D. This company was recruited in Luzerne county. A large proportion of its members were mustered in on the 15th of October, 1861, and to avoid repetition that date is omitted. Officers. — Captains — Jacob Bertles; resigned Aug. 7, '62. Michael O'Reilly; promoted from ist. lieut. Aug. 8, '62. ist lieuts. — George Smith; promoted from 2nd lieut. Sept. 8, '62; capt. Company L Sept. i, '63. Christo- pher Walthers; promoted 2nd lieut. from Company L May 30, '64. 2nd lieuts. — Louis Praetorius; resigned Oct. 31, '62. David R. P. Barry; Oct. 24, '61; promoted from sergt. Company M May 22, '63; resigned ]uly 24, '64 Frederick Smith; promoted from ist sergt. May 19, '65; veteran, ist sergt. — Jacob Hassler; promoted from sergt. May 20, '65; veteran. Q. M. sergt. — lohn Sorber; promoted Q. M. sergt. Jan. i, '64; veteran; Sergts. — Cornelius Reilly, Benjamin Dunn, William H. Lape and William T. Smith; promoted sergts, Jan. 1, '64; veterans. Philip Rineman; promoted sergt. Jan. i, '65. veteran. James Brady; promoted sergt. May 20, '65; veteran. Joseph Byrne ; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Elijah Conner; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 15, '64, John D. Sutliff; discharged on surg's certificate May 10, '62. Frederick Gick; died at Franklin, Tenn,, May 3, '63. Corps. — Bernhard Lehm, Oct. 31, '61; promoted corp. Jan. i, '64; ab- sent in hospital at muster out; veteran. Adam Fraley; promoted corp. May i, '64; prisoner from Oct. 12, '64, to Apr. 29, '65; veteran. Thomas J.Turpin, Oct. 31, '61; promoted corp. May i,'64; veteran. Joseph Sittig; ])ro- moted corp. Jan. i, '65; veteran. Sylvester Masters; promoted corp. Jan, r, '64; veteran. Alexander Keith- line; promoted corp. May 20, '65; veteran. Abraham Fraenthal; discharged Dec. 24, '64. William Fleshman; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 22, '62. George 4h 152 HISTORY OF I.UZERNE COUNTY. Fritz; discharged on siirg's certif.cate May 3, '63. James Peters; discliaVged June 12, '65; veteran. John Reilly; captured Aug. 26, '62; prisoner from Oct. 12, '64, to Apr. 21, '65; discharged June 15 to date May 19, '6s; vete ran. John Bowman, Sept. 8, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps July 30, '63. Frederick SchneHnach, Oct. 31, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov. 15, ■63. Buglers— Frederick Koppler; promoted bugler Oct. 31, '64; veteran. Lewis Hetchler; promoted bugler Jan. I, '65; veteran. John Bertles; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Feb. 15, '64. Saddlers — Michael Long, Sept. 22, '64; discharged May 29, '65. T'lcob Young, Oct. 31, '6 r; killed at Averysboro, N. C, "Mar. 16, '65. Farriers- George Obitz; prisoner from Sept. 10, '64, to Mar. 15, '65; discharged June 12, '65; veteran. Simon Shoe- maker; died at Stevenson, Ala'., Oct. 5, '63. Blacksmiths — Jacob Liddick, Aug. 31, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Isaiah Vandermark; discharged Mar. 24, '64. Privates. — William W. Allen, Oct. 3r, '61; veteran. Jacob Andrew, May 26, '64. Stephen Allen, Dec. 31, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 20, '62. Den- nison Arnold; discharged on surg's certificate June 10, '64. James Atherton; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 22, '62. Edward Avery, Sept. 8, '62; discharged May 29, '65. John Bauer, iMar. 27, '64. James Boyd; veteran. Thomas Boyd; captured Sept. 17, '63; died at Andersonville, Ga., May 23, '64. Joseph Burns, Oct. 13, '64; discharged July 7, '65. Noah Brinly, Sept. 29, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Tohn Broorabauch, Sept. 2, '64; discharged May 29, 'b^. Martin Burst, Mar. i, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Mar. II, '65. L. Barden- merper, Nov. 13, '61; killed accidentally at Lebanon, Ky., Dec. 6, '62. William Bauers, Jan. 8, '64; killed near Winns- boro, S. C., Feb. 21, '62. John Batherton; deserted June 2, '62. August Baker; deserted June 12, '62. George Bowman; deserted Jan. 20. '63. Samuel Crook, May 28, '64. James Coleman, Oct. 4, '64; never joined com- pany. Thomas Cook; discharged May 29, '65. James Coursen; transferred to veteran reserve corps Apr. 15, '64. James Croop; died at Jeffersonville, Ind., Jan. 13, '62. Jonathan Croop; died at Litchfield, Ky.. Mar. 22, '62. James Dowlingly, Oct. 28, '64; never joined com- ]")any. Charles Deetz, May 27, '64; prisoner from Oct. 12, '64, to Apr. 28, '65; discharged June 7, to date May 18, '65. Ira Durland; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. I, '64. John Dowling, Sept. 8, '62; wounded at Averysboro, N. C, May 16, '65; discharged May 29, '65. Thomas Dumm, Sept. 2, '64; prisoner from Oct. 12, '64, to Apr. 28, '65; di' charged June 5, to date May 18, '65. John Delany; transferred to Co. K Dec. 9, '61. Solomon Dunkle, Sept. 22, '64; killed near Winnsboro, S. C, Feb. 12, '65. George W. Eslinger, Feb. 2, '64; never joined company. John English, Oct. 26, '63. Joseph W. Evitts, Sept. 22, '64; died at Savannah, Ga., Jan. 10, '65. William H. Fisher, Oct. i, '64; discharged July 18, '65. James Far- rell, Sept. 8, '62; discharged May 29, '65. Samuel S. Fastnacht, Mar. 24, '64; discharged on surg's certificate May 8, '65. Frederick Fritz, Sept. 15, '64; discharged May 2y, '65. John Farron; deserted Oct. 7, '63. R. Fenstermacher; deserted Oct. 7, '(>2,. Lewis Foust; de- serted Jan. 14, '62. Franklin Frazer; deserted Sept. 14, '62. Reed Garringer, June 28, '63. Noah Grimley, Sept. 24, '64; never joined company. George Gettis, May 27, '64; discharged May 31, '65, David Gracey, Sept. 22, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Isaac Grace, Sept. 22, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Jacob George; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 6, '62. George Grukey, Nov. 13, '61; deserted Nov. 14, '61. Valentine Hass, May 27, '64. Anthony Haake, Oct. 24, '64. John F. Hanle, Oct. 5, '64; substitute; discharged Aug. 20, '65. Granville Harper, June ro, '64. Frank Helraansi veteran. Frederick Haiiss, Nov. 15, '0i; veteran. Henry Holsclaw, Aug. 8, '64. Henry H. Hand, Aug. 18, '64; wounded at Averysboro, N. C, Mar. i6, '65; dis- charged May 29, '65. W. J. Hartzell, Oct. 12. '63; dis- charged Aug. 14, '65. Jacob Haynes, Sept. 22, '64; dis- charged May 29, '65. Edward Hughes, Sept. 28, '62; prisoner from Mar. 3 to Apr. 2, '65; discharged June 12, '65. Anthony Heredo; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Nathan Herrick; killed at Lafayette, Ga., Oct. 12, '64; veteran. Wilson Haynes, Sept. 22, '64; died at Philadelphia, Pa., May 12, '65. William H. Haynes; deserted July 24, '64. Daniel InonI, June 8, '64; transferred to ist regiment Maryland cavalry, Oct. 22, '64. Jackson Jennings, Dec. 29, '64; absent, sick, at muster out. Lewis R. Jones, Mar. r, '64; killed at Lafayette, Ga., Oct. 12, '64. Zacharias Jones, Mar. 15, '62; died at Louisville, Ky., June 15, '63. Charles Klein, May 27, '64; prisoner from Oct. 12, '64, to May 2, '65; discharged July 17, '65. Patrick Knole, veteran. John Kepperle, Sept. 12, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Charles Ketchen; discharged May 29, '65. George Keller, Oct. 31, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Frank B. Kinneard, Sept. 17, '64; dis- charged June 23, '65. Hugh G. Krise, Sept. 2, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Charles Kaiser, Oct. i, '62; captured; died, '64. Lewis Kern; died at Nashville, Tenn, Oct. 7, '63. Jacob Keller, Nov. 13, '61; deserted Nov. 14, '6f. John Kennedy; deserted May 25, '65. Joseph Keller; deserted. John Lutz, veteran. John Lyons, Oct. 23, 61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Michael Leonard; transferred to Company K Oct. 20, '61. An- drew Lape; died at Springfield, Tenn., Apr. 16, '62. Frederick Loeffler; died at Harrisburg, Pa., Dec. 25, '61. James Murrell, Sept. 7, '64; never ' joined company. William Masters; jjrisoner from Dec. 4, '64, to Mar. i, '65; discharged June 12, '65; veteran. Frederick Miller; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Vinzenz Munzer; prisoner from Oct. 12, '64, to Apr. 28, '65; discharged June 7 to date May 18, '65; veteran. Daniel Masaker, Mar. i, '64; killed at Lafayette, Ga., Oct. 12, '64. William Madden, Oct. 31, '61; deserted Sept. 14, '62. Alexander Mor- rison. Apr, 25, '64; not on muster out roll. John M'Gee, veteran. Anthony B. M'Curdy, Sept. 2.?, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Abner M'Donald, Sept. 2, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John M'Donnall; discharged Jan. 31, '62. Joseph M'Donnall ; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 25, '64. Thomas M'Clusky; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Thomas M'Crey; deserted July i, '62. Peter Newhard; deserted Jan, 10, '26; returned Aug. '()t,. Michael Neil, Sept. 22, '64; discharged July 28, to date July 18, '65. John Obel; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 6, '62. John Obitz; not on muster out roll. Ran- dolph L. Pease, Oct. 31, '6i; veteran. Patrick Paul, Mar, 30, '64, John Piles, Sept. 22,' 64; discharged May 29, '65. Harvey Remington, Dec. 29, '64. Isaiah Reechy, Sept. 28, '64; discharged May 29, '65. George Rice; discharged Oct. 26, '64. James Raub; discharged on surg's certificate June 5, '65. James Reilly, Sept. 8, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 20, '63. Loren- zo Reilly, Oct. 31, '6r; died at Stevenson, Ala., Oct. 7, '63. John Ryan, Sept. 22, '64; died near Columbia, S. C., Feb. 18, '65. Lorenzo Ruggles; deserted Sept. 14, '62. Henry Royce, Oct 5, -'64; deserted Apr. 12, '65. William Snyder, June 28, '63; discharged Aug. 26, '65. Bloomfield Sutliff; absent, sick, at muster out; veteran. Stephen H. Sutliff, May 27, '64, James Stevenson, Feb, 2, '64, Nathan Sharp and John Smith, Sept, 22, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Theodore Snyder and Daniel Sorber, Sept, 8, '62; discharged May 29, '65. John Stew- art, Sept, 22, '64; discharged May 29, '65. William H. Stout, Mar, 22, '64; wounded at Averysboro, N, C, Mar, 16, '65; discharged on surg's certificate May 20, '65! ^> Hh COMPANY K, NINETY-SECOND REGIMENT. 153 Jacob Shetter, Sept. 22, '64; discharged on surg's certificate May 31, '65; died at Wilmington, N. C. Henry Shweizer, May 27, '64; prisoner from Oct. 12, '64, to Apr. 21, '65; discharged June 15, to date May 19, '65. Hermon Searles; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Aug. 22, '62. Nathan Sorber, Sept. 8, '62; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 20, '63. John Scott; killed at Bowling Green, Ky., June i, '62. Charles Shultze; died at Springfield, Tenn., Apr. 10, '62. Franklin Snyder; deserted Sept. 14, '62. William Smith, May 27, '64; deserted Oct. 20, '64. Ezra Tooney, Oct. 8, '64. William Thomas; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 22, '62. William Thompson, May 31, '64; killed at Lafayette, Ga., Oct. 12, '64. James Thearney; died at Evansville, Ind., June 10, '63. Patrick Tye, Sept. 8, '62; died at Stevenson, Ala., Sept. 30, '63. Henry Walters, Feb. 2, '64. Edward and William Wal- ters, Feb. 2, '64; absent on detached service at muster out. Albert Williams, Feb. 2, '64; wounded at Averys- boro, N. C, Mar. 16, '65. Joseph Wagner, Oct. 31, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Nathan Walp, Sept. 15, '64, Thomas Williams, Sept. 8, '62, and George Winerman, Sept. 22, '64; discharged May, 29, '65. William Waddel, Sept. 8, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 25, '63. Peter Wentzel; transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 20, '6^. John Wheeler, Oct. 14, '64; wounded at Waynesboro, Ga., Dec. 4, '64; discharged Aug. 10, to date July 18, '65. Anton Yoachim; veteran. James Young; deserted Sept. 14, '62; returned June 12, '64; discharged Mar.. 8, '65. Henry Zeigler, May 27, '64; dis- charged July 18, '65. Philip Zimmer, May 27, '64; dis- charged June 12, '65. COMPANY K. Officers. — Capts. — Joseph] Phillips, Nov. 21, '61; re- signed Dec. 10, '61. Henry Reemsnyder, Oct. 19, '61; promoted from ist lieut. Company F Feb. i, '62; re- signed Oct. 14, '62. J. Frank Miller, Oct. 7, '61; pro- moted from ist lieut. Company C May 22, 'dy, to maj. June 23, '65. ist lieut. — Douglass Edwards, Nov. 31, '61; resigned January 13, '62. Thomas A. Nichols, Nov. 21, '61; promoted from sergt. maj. Aug. 8, '62; adj. May 22, '63. Theophilus J. Mountz, Oct. 29, '61; promoted from 2nd lieut. Company E May 22, '63; killed at Dandridge, Tenn., Dec. 24, '63; buried at Knoxville; grave 3. Wil- liam Guyer, Oct. 29, 61; promoted from 1st sergt. Com- pany H, to 2nd lieut. May 26, '63; ist lieut. July i, '64; capt. June 16, '65; not mustered. 2nd lieuts. — John O. Grady, Oct. 23, '61; promoted to ist lieut. Company B May 23, '63. Joseph D. Thomas, Sept. 18, '61; pro- moted from private Company M Aug. 26, '64; discharged May 22, '64; veteran. ist sergts. — William Wheeler, Oct. 23, '61; promoted from corp. to sergt. Sept. 23, '62; ist sergt. Aug. 20, '64; ist lieut. June 16, '65; not mus- tered; veteran. John G. Harlow, Nov. 24, 'Or; deserted Dec. 13, '62. Sergts. — William Kelly, Oct. 23, '61; vet- eran. Wilham E. Sayers, Oct. 23, '61; promoted corp. May I, '62; sergt. Apr. i, '64; veteran. John F. Burke, Oct. 23, '61, commissioned 2nd lieut. June 16, '65; not mustered; veteran. Daniel Carmitchel, Oct. 23, '61; promoted from corp. May i, '64; veteran. George Dowd, Oct. 23, '61; promoted corp. Oct. '63; sergt. May i, '64; veteran. Chas. H. Sayers, May 27, '64; captured at Gris- vvoldville, Ga., Nov. 22, '64; discharged July 17, '65. George Biggs, May 27, '64; promoted sergt. May 20, 65. Luke White, Oct. 23, '6i; discharged Dec, 24, '64. Corporals — Samuel Bowman, Oct. 16, '61; promoted to corp. June 10, '64; captured near Monticello, Ga.; vet- eran. Edward Kenny, Oct. 23, '61; wounded at Gris- woldville, Ga., Nov. 22, '64; veteran. William Ganigan, Jan. 7, '64; promoted to corp. May i, '65. Reuben Bix- ler, Aug. 17, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John Keegan, Sept. 15, '62; promoted corp. Nov. 15, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Henry Shaffner, Aug, 9, '64; promoted corp. Aug. 21, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John Caff- rey, Oct, 23, '61; deserted July 10, '62. William Eagan, Nicholas Sheridan and John \Villiams, Oct. 23, '6i;'de- serted Dec. 12, '62. Saddler, Peter M'Grath, Oct 23^ '61; promoted farrier Jan. i, '63; veteran. Farriers— Thomas Smith, Nov. 16, '61; deserted Dec. 15, '62. Blacksmiths —Charles R, Gilbert, June 2t', '64; promoted blacksmith May 2Q, '65. Samuel Goodman, Aug. 31, '64; discharged May 29, '65. James M'Gill, Oct. 23, '6r, died at Meri- dianville, Ala., [uly 20, '63. Buglers— Frank A. Hower, May 27, '64. John Crininiins, Aug. 30. '64. Edmund Fibher, Oct. 23, '61; deserted Dec. 13, '62. Priviiics. — John S. Aver, May 23, '64; never joined company. Peter Agnew, Aug. 16, '64; discharged May 23, '65, Ross Ashton, Sept. 5, '65. Edward Baker, Oct. 2 Burns, May 27 discharged Mav discharged May discharged May discharged May discharged May discharijed Dec '64; discharged May 23, ■64. 29, 29, 29, '65- 29> '65- 29> '65- 24, '64. 61; veteran. James John H. Bachman, Sept. 25, '64; '65. Augustus Bahney, Aug. 30, '64; 65. Byron Bensing, Sept. 24, '64; Jacob Beachler, Aug. 10, '64; Jacob S. Bitner, Aug. 15, '64; John Brubaker, Oct. 7, '61; James P. Burr, Nov. 21, '6 [ ; died at Nashville, Tenn., Jan. 17, '64. John Booth, Sept. 6, '64; died at New York Apr. 16, '65. Thomas Best- ford, Oct. 31, '61; deserted Dec. 13, '62. James Burke, Oct. 31, '61; deserted Nov. i, '62. James Butler, R. T. Bliss, G. T. Britton and James P. Bird, '61; deserted. Isaac Carroll, Oct. 23, '61; veteran. John Carmitchel, Oct. 23, '61; deserted Oct., '62; returned Nov. 15, '64; discharged Aug. i, '65. Robert Carmitchel, Mar. 16, '64. William L. Chtlcoat, Feb. 25, '64. Almeron Chapman, Sept. 17, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Gsorge Clements, Sept. 6, '64; discharged May 29, '65. George W. Craig, Oct. 23, '61; killed at Dandridge, Tenn., Jan. t6, '64. Bennett Craig; killed at -Griswoldville, Ga., Nov. 22, '64. Samuel G. Chilcoat, Feb. 25, '64; died at Whiteside, Tenn., July 7, '64. James Cawley, Oct. 31, '61; deserted Dec. 12, '62. John Coleman, Oct. 23, '61; deserted Nov. 15, '62. Freman Cosier and John Coleman; de- serted. George F. Drumm, Mar. 23, '64. Lewis Davis Aug. 15, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Wesley Douglass, Sept. 7, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Theodore C. Dechant, Oct. 7, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Patrick Donnelly Oct. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate. Patrick Duffy, '61 ; discharged. Thomas F. Davis, Oct. 23, '61; deserted Jan. 14, '62. John Daley, Oct. 23, '61; deserted Dec. 12, '62. John Delany, Oct. 15, '61; de- serted Dec. 12, '62. Francis Dillen, Oct. 23, '61; de- serted Dec. II, '62. John Dovod, '61; deserted. Abner Eisenhower, Aug. 15, '64; discharged May 29, '65. David 1'. English, Sept. 17, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Thomas Flannery, May 27, '64; discharged July 10, '65. Richard Freney, May 27, '64; discharged July 10, '65. William Fahs, Sept. 16, '64, and James Freeman, Aug. 9, '64; dischargedMay 29, '65. Daniel S. Feidt and Sam- Patrick Flood, Oct. 23, '61. '61, and Thomas Foy, Oct. '64. James Flynn, Nov. 16, Howard B. Fuller, '61; John Geesy, Mar. 22, '64. uel Fetterholf, Oct. 7, '6r Thomas VV, Flynn, Oct. 31, 23, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '61; deserted Nov. 15, '62. not on muster-out roll. Eli Gallagher, Feb. 20, '64; wounded at Griswoldville, Ga., Nov. 22, '64; discharged June 9, '65. John M. Grove, Sept. 5, '65; discharged May 29, '65. John K. Grinley, Aug. 30, '64; wounded at Griswoldville, Ga., Nov. 22, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Charles Gregory and Martin Grady, Oct. 23, '61; discharged on surg's ■4h 154 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Aavon N. C, Hem- and certificate Mar. 25, '63. Peter Galligan, Oct. 23, '6r; discharged on surg's certificate Dec, '62. Edwin M. Goodwin, Nov. 16, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 14, '63. Erancis Garner, Oct. 23, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Thomas Gilbert, Oct. 23, '61; died at Ba- con Creek, Ga., Mar. 10, '62. Abraham Garnett, Oct. 23, '61; deserted Apr. 16, '62. Lewis Cableman, Nov. 16, '61; deserted. John Howley, May 10, '64. John M. Hosick, Oct. 31, '61. John G. Hart- man, Oct. 7, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Philip Hahn, Aug. 24, '64; discharged May 23, '65, Irving Howard, Sept. 18, '64; discharged June 8, '65. Hoffman, Sept. 25, '64; wounded at Averysboro, Mar. 14, '65; discharged May 29, '64. Luther E ler and John P. Humphries, Sept. 6, '64, Lyman Humes, Aug. 15, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Samuel Hines, Nov. 10, '61; discharged on surg's certificate '62. Jahiel Huff, Sept. 5, '64; wounded at Griswoldville, Ga., Nov. 22, '64; dis- charged May 29, '65. John Harris, Feb. 17, 62; died at Danville, Ky., July 19, '62, of wounds received in action. Hugh R. Hughes, Oct. 31, '61; deserted. Solo- mon Hampson, Feb. 25, '64; never joined company, Michael Hollahan, May 26, '64; deserted Jan. 24, '65. Charles P. Houser, Nov. 22, '64; not on muster out roll. Joseph Jones, Oct. 23, '61; captured at Fayetteville, N. C, Mar. 10, '65; discharged July 6, '65; veteran. John Judge, Oct. 23, '61; Jonathan Jellison, Nov. 16, '61; and William A. Junk, Oct. 7, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. John G. Jones, Oct. 23, '61; killed at Dandridge, Tenn., Jan. 10, '64. William Jones, July 3, '62; died at Shield's Mills, Tenn., Apr. 13, '65. Robert L. Johnson, May 27, '64; never joined company. James Jones, '61; not on muster out roll. John Jeremiah, deserted. Hugh Kenny, May 9, '64; absent, with leave, at muster out. Jacob Kissinger, Feb. 25, '64. Samuel Klinger, Sept. 20, '64; Henry Kline, Aug. ig, '64; and David Kichline, Aug. 17, '64; discharged May 29, '65. H. Klingensmith, Nov. 16, '61; discharged; veteran. Pat- rick Kerrigan, Oct. 23, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Michael Kelly, Oct. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Mar. 10, '64; died Mar. ij, '64. Jonathan Koenig, Nov. 16, '61; deserted. Jacob F. Lantz, Feb. 24, '64. William Learch, Nov. 24, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Michael Leonard, Oct. 15, '61; captured; paroled; dis- charged June 13, '65; veteran. Michael Lonarrigan, Aug. 16, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John Logue, Oce. 23, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps. John Lyons, Oct. 23, '61; transferred to Company D. John La France, '61 ; deserted. James D. Miller, Aug. 15, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Harmon F. Mor- gan, Oct. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certificate. Hugh Murphy, Oct. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certifi- cate '62. Joseph T. Millhouse, Aug. 15, '64; died at Blair's Landing, S. C, Apr. i, '65. Oliver Muchless, Nov. 16, '6r; deserted Jan. 20, '63. Thomas Murphy, Sept. 8, '64; deserted Oct. 26, '64. Jacob A. Moltz, Feb. 9, '64; not on muster out roll. Amos M'Colly, Feb. 24, '64. John M'Nulty, Oct. 23, '61; deserted Dec. 13, '62; returned May 23, '64. John M'Cormick, Sept. 7, '64. discharged May 29, '65. Martin M'Cormick, Oct. 23, '61; dishonorably discharged. John M'Conologue, Oct. 31, '61; discharged Nov. 14, '64. Jeremiah M'Carty, Oct. 31, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps. James M'Alroy, June 5, '63; died Nov. 23, '64. James M'Nulty, Nov. 16, '61; deserted Dec. 13, '61. Anthony M'Guinn, Mar. 30, '64; never joined company. John Nealis, Mav 9, '64. Owen O'Boyle, Oct. 23, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. William O'Toole, Nov. 24, '61; discharged on surg's certificate, Aug. 6, '62; William R. Osborn, Feb. 19, '64; transferred to Company E. Albert Parker, Sept. 6, '64; discharged May 29,-65. Daniel Phillips, Nov. i6> ^i; absent on furlough at muster out. John Preston, Oct. 23, '61; deserted Dec. 25, '62. William Ressinger, Oct. 4, '64; discharged Aug. 26, '65. John F. Reinoehl, Feb. 22, '64; absent with leave at mus- ter out. John. F. Roberts, Michael Reap and William Richards, '61; deserted. Samuel Shaffer, Nov. 16, '61; veteran. Henry Schrolls, Sept. 12, '64; captured at Griswoldville, Ga., Nov. 22, '64. William Shields, ab- sent in confinement at muster out. John H. Serf, Oct. 17, and William Sheets, Aug. 9, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John Stoers, Dec. 31, '61; discharged. Andrew J. Stabler, Aug. 15, '64; discharged June 26, '65. James H. Stevens, Feb. 19, '64; transferred to Company M. James Smith, May 12, '64; never joined company. James Spence, Samuel Smith, William H. Sherwood and Samuel Snoddy, '61; deserted. Henry Towner, Mar. 30, '64. Isaac Uhler, Feb. 24, '64; discharged. Edward L. Van- auken, Oct. 23, '61; dishonorably discharged. Patrick Welsh, May 26, '64. William Warfell, Feb. 24, '64. Henry Winds, May 23, '64; ab.sent with leave at muster out. John W. Whitmer, Feb. 18, '64. William Wolf, Sept. 5, '64. Lewis P. Winters and Samuel Wentz, Sept. 24, '64. Urias Weaver, Aug. 15, '64. John Williams, Sept. 7, '64. John Woods, Aug. 17, '64, Levi Workman, Sept. 6, '64, and H. L. VVambaugh, Aug. 31, '64; dis- charged May 29, '65. Thomas Wright, Oct. 23, '61; dis- charged on surg's certificate Mar. 25, '63. Robert Wiley, Miles Welsh and Richard Williams, '61; deserted. Wil- son Yarnell, Sept. 3, '64; discharged May, 29, '65. COMPANY L. Officers. — Captains — George D. Hand, Nov. 14, '61; resigned Apr. 30, '62. Gilbert Waters, Oct. i, '61; pro- moted from 1st lieut. Apr. 30, '62; killed at Shelbyville, Tenn., June 28, '63. George Smith, Oct. 15, '61; pro- moted from ist lieut. Company D Sept. i, '63. ist lieuts. — William M. Shoemaker, Aug. 24, '64; promoted from 2nd lieut. Apr. 30, '62; resigned Apr. 7, '63. Henry K. Myers, Oct. 3, '61; promoted from sergt. Company A May 26, '63; captured at Solemn Grov.;, N. C, Mar. 10, '65. 2nd lieuts. — Isaac Lloyd, Jan. 10, '62; promoted from sergt. maj. Apr. 3, '62; ist lieut. Company E May 22, '63. Christopher Walther, Oct. 15, '61; promoted from ist sergt. Company D May 23, '63; ist lieut. Com- pany D May 30, '64. John W. Wyeth, Oct. 17, '61; pro- moted from reg. com. sergt. June 30, '64; veteran, ist sergts. — William W. Prichard, Nov. 14, '61; promoted to ist sergt. Jan. i, '64; veteran. Doctor A. Shelp, Nov. 14, '61; promoted 2nd lieut. Company M May 22, '63. Charles Coglizer, Nov. 14, '61; promoted sergt. maj, Apr. 8, '62. Hiram A. Dupue, Nov. 14, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 20, '63. Sergts. — Alonzo G. Melligan, Nov. 14, '61; promoted sergt. Jan. i, '64; vet- eran. George Brown, Oct. 30, '61; promoted sergt. Jan. I, '64; veteran. John P. Colburn, Nov. 14, '61; pro- moted sergt. Jan. i, '64; wounded Mar. 11, '65; absent, in hospital, at muster out; veteran. William H. Sharp, Nov. 14, '61; promoted sergt. Jan. i, '64; wounded, with loss of leg, Mar. 15, '65; veteran. David Bowman, Oct. 30, '61; promoted sergt. Jan. i, '64; veteran. Albert P. Bratton, Oct. 30, '61; promoted sergt. Jan. i, '64; wounded at Waynesboro, Ga., Dec. 4, '64; absent, in hospital, at muster out; veteran. William T. Dale Nov. 14, '61; promoted segt. Jan. i, '64; veteran. Jacob Bennett, Oct. 30, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 10, '62. Robert Wheeler, Nov. 14, '6r; discharged on surg's certificate June 8, '63. Shadrack Austin, Nov. 14, '61 ; died at Springfield, Tenn., May 5, '62. Dilton F. Miller, Nov. 14, '61; died at ^¥ Litchfield, Ky., Mar. 13, '62. Corps. — Daniel Geary, Nov. 14, '61; promoted Corp. Jan. i, '64; veteran. David Hutchinson, June 4, '64; promoted Corp. June 4, '65. Robert Blakeslee, Nov. 14, '61; wounded Dec. '63; pro- moted to corp. Jan. i, '64; veteran. H. S. Spigelmyer, Oct. 30, '61; promoted Corp. Jan. I, '61 ; veteran. David P. Scull, Nov. 14, '61; promoted Corp. Jan. i, '64; veteran. Alexander Wagner, Oct. 3o,'6i; promoted corp. Jan. i, '64; veteran. David Walls, Oct. 30, 61; promoted corp. Jan. t, '65. Sadler, Samuel Skelley, Sept. 2, '64; discharged by general order May 29, '65. Farrier, Enoch Cordner, Nov. 14, '61; promoted farrier Jan. i, '65; veteran. Blacksmith, Edward Marsh, Nov. 14, '61; promoted blacksmith Jan. i,'65; veteran. Buglers — James B. Cum- raings, Oct. i, '64; promoted bugler Jan. 4, '65; dis- charged July 17, '65. Andrew Farlev, Nov. i, '61; dis- charged Dec. 24, '64. Edward F. Wright, Oct. 30, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 18, '62. Privates. — H. H. Amheiser, Oct. 30, 61; veteran. John Arnold, October 6, '64. Jacob Ashenfelter, Aug. 17, '64; discharged May 19, '65. Benjamin F. Allen, Aug. 29, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John H. Ander- son, Sept. 6, '64; discharged May 29, '65. William W. Brandon, Oct. 30, '61; absent, on furlough, at muster out; veteran. Benjamin P. Behm, Sept. 17, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John H. Brought, Oct. 30, '61; wounded Dec. '63; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Moses Botts, Oct. 7, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Isaac Buchanan, Aug. 6, '64; discharged May 29, '65. George Bowman, Sept. 15, '62; discharged May 29, '65. Watson Bryan and George B. Bradley, Oct. 30, '61; deserted Mar. 21, '63. Joseph Beatley, Feb. 26, '64; deserted. Thomas Burns, May 13, '64; deserted. Lewis R. Burns, Oct. 18, '64; deserted. Theodore Brennan, May 19, '64; deserted. James Bar- ney, '61; not on muster out roll. James Cooper, June 4, '64. James Cooper, Sept. 24, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Nathan Cooper, Nov. 14, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. John Cain, Oct. 30, '61; discharged on surg's certifi- cate June 7, '62. Silas Coleman, Nov. 14, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. i, 62. William Claudy, Oct. 7, '64; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 23, '65. Benja- min F. Clark, Sept. 6, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Thomas Collins, Aug. 6, '64; deserted Aug. 12, '64. Ciprum Cobb, '61; not on muster out roll. William Davis, Oct. 30, '61; veteran. Hugh Dunlap, Sept. 27, '64; discharged May 20, '65. John Dunlap, Sept. 27, '64; wounded at Cl'inton, Ga., Nov. 22, '64; discharged May 29, '65. William Davis, Nov. 14, '61; discharged Dec. 24 '64. David Hicks, Nov. 14, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 16, '62. John Dougherty, Nov. 14 '61; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 8, '(>t,. Uriah H Douglass, Sept. 5, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Joseph Demyers, '61; discharged. Henry Davidsizer, Oct. 30, •61 • died at Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 21, '63. James K. Davis Jan i,'64; died at VVilmington, N. C, in May, 65, of wounds received near Fayetteville Mar. 11. '65; veteran. Charles Davis, June 9, '64, John Deveney, May 13, 64, and Morris C. Duffy, Dec. 18, '64; deserted. James Doman, Oct. 30, '61; deserted Jan. i, '(^i- Henry.Davis, '61 • deserted. Joshua Everhart, Oct. 30, 61; veteran. William Evans, Sept. 17, '64; discharged May 29 65. Samuel Egerly, May 23, '64; deserted. Joseph Elliott, Aug 31 '64- prisoner from Mar. r to Apr. 2, 65; discharged June 2, '65. William M. Fields Oct. 30, '61; veteran. Jacob W. Foust, Oct. 30, 61, and Francis Feindt, Oct. 7, '61; discharged Dec. 24, 64. I-eonard Freeman, Nov. 14, '61; transferred to marine brigade Jan. IS, '63. John F. Fellh, June 19, 64; and Joseph S. Ford May 23, '64; deserted. Wm. C. Goodwin, Oct 30, '61; veteran. Daniel Granger, Feb. 29, 64; wounded at Clinton, Ga., Nov. 22, '64. John Grove, Sept. 23, 64; discharged May 15, '65. Henry S. Grove, Sept. 17, '64; discharged May 29, '65. George Greenawalt, Oct. 30, '6r; discharged Dec. 24, '64. John Gallagher, Sept. 12 '64, and Andrew A. Grandy, Sept. 15, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Edward Garvey, May 13, '64; deserted. Franklin Gault, Oct. 30, '61; deserted Nov. 15, '61. Henry Hughes, Oct. 30, '61; veteran. Perry Hutchinson, June 3, '64. John Harris and Jacob Houser, Oct. 30, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Hugh A. Hamilton, Oct. 30, '6r: discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 22, '62. Samuel Hutchins, Oct. 31, '61; discharged on surg's cer- tificate May 24, '62. John Hydecker, Sept. 9, 64. Wil- liam Hartman, Sept. 17, '64. James Hatten and Crull M. Hays, Sept. 17, '64; discharged May 29, '65. George Holzer, Aug. 9, '64; deserted Aug. 10, '64. lacob H. Huber, May 25, '64, and Peter Huber, Sept. 17, '64; de- serted. David Jenkins, Oct. 30, '61; veteran. Joseph Jeffries, Aug. 29, '64; discharged June 8, '65. John Jones Nov. 14, '61; died at Franklin, Tenn., Apr. 24, '63, of wounds received in action. Charles H. Jones, Nov. 14, '61; deserted Mar. 21, '63. Gilbert L. Kough and Thomas Kennedy, Oct. 30, '61; veterans. David King, Sept. 21, '64. Louis F. Kraft, Sept. 17, '64, and John Kirk, Sept 15, '64 ; discharged May 29, '65. John King, May 19, '64 ; deserted. Daniel Kiniston, May 24, '64; deserted. John Kelly, May 28, '64; deserted. Joseph L. Keller, Nov. 14, |6i; deserted Nov. 4, '63. George Kough, Oct. 30, '61; deserted Nov. 15, '61. John Larnard, May 5, '64. Samuel C. Liggett, Sept. \% '64; discharged May 29, '65. Edward Lewis, Nov. 14, '61; discharged Mar. 30, '65. John Maggord, Oct. 4, '64. James L Miller, Oct. 30, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. John Marlin, Nov. 14, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Jesse B. Miller, Sept. 17, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Henry M. Miller, Sept. 8, '64; discharged May 29, '65. George C. Muchler, Sept. 3, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Jefferson Marlin, Sept. 2, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Lemuel Morgan, Nov. 14, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps May 18, '63. Daniel Markle, Sept. 8, '64; killed near Kenansville, N. C, Apr. 11, '65. Henderson Moh- ney, June 3, '64; deserted Sept., '64. James Manning, Sept. 24, '64; deserted. Stephen Mitchell, May 10, '64; deserted. Robert S. Milligan, Aug. 31, '64; prisoner from Dec. 3, '64, to Feb. 27, '65; discharged June 12, '65. J. T. H. M'Connell, May 23, '64; absent, at Camp Par- ole, at muster out. Timothy M'Carthy, Nov. 14, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Charles M'Guire, Nov. 14, '61; dishonorably discharged Apr. 22, '62. Wm. N. M'Alis- ter, Sept. 19, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John M'Kin- ley, Oct. 30, '61; died at Nashville, Tenn., Apr. i, '63. James M'Coy, Sept. 7, '64; killed near Kenansville, N.C., Apr. II, '65. John M'Crane, May ig, 64; deserted. James Nagle, Sept. 15, '64; died at Elmira, N. Y., Jan. 18, '65. James Quinn, Aug. 2, '64; deserted. John H. Prichard, May 27, '64. John Patton, Aug. i8,'64; discharged May 29, '65. Levi Pole and James Potter, Nov. 14, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Levi Phil- lips, Nov. i4,'6i;dischaigedonsurg'scertificate Apr. 8,'62. William H. Pettit, Sept. 20, '64; discharged May 29, '65. William H. Reed, Aug. 10, '62. George Roach, Mar. 23, '64. Amos Rumbarger, Feb. 23, '64; discharged July 3, '65. Joel Rhoads, Oct. 30, '61; discharged on surg's cer- tificate June 12, '63. William A. Reese, Sept. 5, '64; discharged June 13, '65. Adam Rowe; discharged June 24, '65. Jacob K. Ruth, Aug. 11, '64; discharged May 29', '65. James Ruth, June 18, '64; not on muster out roll. John Scott, May 5, '64. Joseph Stroup, Oct. 7, '61. George H. Summers, May 5, '64; captured Dec. 3, •64. Lemon Scrader, Sept. 5, '64; captured Nov. 24, '64 John W. Suavely, Sept. 17, '64; discharged May 29, *^H- 1" IS6 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. '65. Edward Swiggart, Sept. 22, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Samuel Shire, Oct. 30, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 29, '62. Peter B. Sites, Nov. 14, '6t; dis- charged on surg's certificate June 11, '63. Miles Sutliff, Nov. 14, '61; discharged on surg's certificate May 16, '62. Henry Shilling, Oct. 30, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 16, '61. David Swartz, Sept. 16, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Charles B. Smelker, Aug. 29, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Henry S. Shaffer, Aug. 8, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Stephen Slocum, Nov. 14, '61; died at Springfield, Tenn., May 16, '62. Charles L. Tucker, Sept. 27, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John M, Tarbet, Sept. 6, '64; wounded at Solemn Grove,^ N. C, May 10, '65; discharged May 29, '65. David Thomas, Nov. 14, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 15, '63. Thomas Toland, Nov. 14, '6r; died at Louisville, Ky., Sept. 12, '62. William Thompson, June 7, '64; deserted. John Vaughn, Nov. 14, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. John Vancamp; Oct. 30, '61; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Oct, 21, '62. George B, Vanzandt, Sept. 17, '64. discharged May 29, '65. Nathaniel A.Whitman, Feb. 24, '64. William H. Wilson, Oct. 6, '64. Darius Wheeler, Nov. 14, '61; veteran.. Thomas Wells, Aug. 4, '64; discharged May 29, '65. R. C. Williamson, Nov. 14, '61; discharged Dec. 24, '64. Moses F. Williams, Nov. 14, '6t; discharged Dec. 24, '64. E. W. Walters, Sept. 19, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Robert \Valls, Sept. 5, '64; discharged May 29, '65. John T. Wiley, Sept. 5, '64; discharged May 29, '65. Joseph Walter, Sept. 8, '64; transferred to Com- pany C. George Wertz, Oct. 30, '61; deserted Jan. 15, '63. Charles Wilson, May 25, '64; deserted. Benjamin Zeigler, Oct. 30, '61; died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Aug. 12, '64. NINETY-SIXTH REGIMENT. The nucleus of this regiment was the National Light Infantry of Pottsville, which was one of the first compa- nies to reach the national capital on the breaking out of the Rebellion. November 8th, 1861, it was moved to Washington. On the 25th of the same month it crossed the Potomac, and December 27th went into winter quarters. The next spring, after two or three short marches, it went with its division into the Peninsula. Its first engage- ment was at West Point, where it assisted in dislodging a rebel force from the woods. Up to the opening of the Seven-Day battle, late in June, the regiment was engaged in picket and fatigue duty. During these fights it was frequently closely engaged and in one of them — that of Gaines's Mill — it lost heavily. In August it returned to Alexandria, and went thence to Bull Run and finally to South Mountain, where on the 14th of September it was engaged at Crampton's Gap so severely that its loss was 20 killed and 85 wounded out of 400. It was again engaged at Antietam, September 17th, but suffered only slightly. It manoeuvred with the army through the Fredericksburg campaign, but was only slightly engaged in the battle. Through the winter of 1862-3 't went on the mud march and did provost and fatigue duty. At Chancellorsville it was engaged, losing in killed, wounded and missing 93. Early in June it went forward on the Gettysburg campaign, and it was engaged in the battle but not severely. It took part in the pursuit of the retreating foe, occasionally skirmish- ing. During the winter of 1863-4 it was in camp on the Rappahannock. In May, 1864, it took the field at the battle of the Wilderness, where it skirmished during five days and finally in a fierce charge suffered severely. It was again actively engaged near Spottsylvania, and in this series of engagements it lost in killed, wounded and missing 185. It was engaged at Cold Harbor, and took part in the siege of Petersburg and the raid on the Weldon railroad. It returned to Washington, went in pursuit of Early, participated in the Shenandoah Valley campaign, and at the expiration of its term of service, September 22nd, 1864, it was mustered out. Company E of this regiment was partially recruited in Luzerne county, and we therefore give a record of that company, dates of muster immediately following the names. COMP.'VNY E. Officers. — Captain — James Russell, Sept. 23, '6t; mus- tered out with company Oct. 2r, '64. First lieutenant — John S. Oberrender, Sept. 23, '61; discharged Sept. 22, '64. Second lieutenants — John F. Robbins, Sept. 23, '61 ; resigned Jan. 27, '63. Thomas H. Reed, Sept. 23, '61; promoted from sergt. M.ir. 79, 'dy, discharged Sept. 27, '63, Charles C. Russell, Sept. 23, '6r; promoted from Tst sergt. Sept, 28, '64; transferred to Company E, 95th Pa., Oct, 18, '64; veteran. Sergeants — William Mayberry, Sept, 23, '6r; mustered out with company Oct. 21, '64. Philip W. Cool, Sept, 23, '61; promoted corp, Apr. r8, '64; to sergt. May 10, '64; transferred to Company E, 95th Pa,, Oct, 18, '64; veteran. Reuben Balliet, Oct. r, '61; promoted to sergt; transferred to Company E, 95lh Pa., Oct, 18, '64; veteran, Thomas Evan, Sept, 23, '61; killed at Salem Heights, Va,, May 3. '63, John A, Aixler, Oct, i, '61; died at Fredericksburg, Va,, May 22, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court-house May 9, '64; veteran, Francis Kemp, Sept, 23, '6r; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, May 10, '64; veteran. Mor- gan Lukenbill, Sept. 23, '61; died at Washington, D. C, Sept. 18, '64. Corpor.ils — John Foley, Sept. 23, '61; promoted to corp. Apr, 18, '64; wounded at Spottsylvania Court house, Va,, May 10, '64; transferred to Company E, 95th Pa,, Oct, 18, '64; veteran, John Miller, Sept 23, '61; promoted to corp, Aug, i, '64; tr, to Company E, 95lh Pa,, Oct, 18, '64; veteran. John Kelly, Sept, 23, '6t; transferred to Company E, 95th Pa„ Oct, 19, '65; veteran, Frederick Lewis, Oct, r4, '61; promoted to corp, Apr, 18, '64; wounded at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va,, May 10, '64; transferred to Company E, 95th Pa,, Oct. 18, '64; veteran. Daniel T. Wallan, Sept. 23, '61; pro- moted corp, Apr, 18, '64; transferred to Company E, 95th Pa,, Oct, 18, '64; veteran, Henry Roth, Sept. 23, '61; captured at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va,, May 10, '64. William Whitebread, Sept. 23, '6i; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 26, '63. Henry Quinn, Sept. 23, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps, Dec. 15, '63. Stephen Horn, Sept. 23, '61; dis- charged on surg's certificate Oct, 17, '62, Nathan San- tee, Sept, 23, '61; died at Fortress Monroe, Va,, Oct. 8, '62, Charles Getikee, Oct. 7, '61; died at Camp Nugent, Va., 1uly 25, '62. Edward Monkton, Sept. 23, '61; died at Baltimore, Md., Sept. 17, '62. William W. Cares, Oct. I, '61; died at Black Creek, Va., Sept. 18, '62. William Zigler, Oct. I, '61; killed at SiMttsylvania Court-house, Va., May 12, '64; veteran. Thomas Comerford, Sept. 23, '61; deserted Sept. 14, '62. Patrick Dunn, Sept. 23, '61; deserted July 15, '63. Musicians— George Sterling, Sept. 23, '61; transferred to Company E, 9Sth Pa. Oct. ^¥ >4^ 4 COMPANY E, NINETY-SIXTH REGIMENT. 157 i8, '64; veteran. John E. Waters, Oct. 18, '61; dis- charged on surg's certificate Jan. 21, '64. Privates. — John Augustine, Sept. 23, '61; discharged Oct. 17, '62. James B. Ayers, Aug. 31, '6t; deserted Sept. 24, '61. Henry Buff, Mar. 14, '64; transferred to Company E 9Sth Pa. Oct. 18, '64. Levi Bittenbender, Mar. 18, '64; transferred to Company E 95th Pa. Oct. 18, '64. Levi Billheimer, Mar. 15, '64; died May 18, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Henry Becker, Sept. 11, '64; transferred to Co. G 9Sth Pa. Oct. 18, '64. Josiah Balliet, Oct. 10, '61; transferred to Company G; veteran. Reuben Boyer, Sept. 23, '6r; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 10, '63. Henry S. Best, Sept. 23, '61; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Jan. 28, '63. John Balliet, Oct. 14, '61; discharged on surg's certificate June 7, '62. Cyrus Burkhart, Sept. 23, '61; deserted Sept. 24, '61. John D. Brennen, Sept. 23, 6i; deserted Oct., '62. William Barr, Sept. 23, '61; deserted Oct. 20, '61. James Bennie, Sept. 23, '6r; de- serted Oct. 20, '6i. John P. Brennen, Sept. 23, '61; pro- moted principal musician Apr. 10, '64; veteran. James Cochran, Jan. i,'62 ; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 14, '63. James N. Canfield,Mar. 8,'64; transferred to Company E, 9Sth, Oct. 18, '64. Martin Carey, Oct. i, '61;. trans- ferred to Company C; veteran. Christ. Cammersel, Mar. 18, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. George Dresh, Feb. 4, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. -ib^'b-^. Stephen Drasher, Mar. 18, '64; transferred to Company E, 95th Pennsylvania volunteers, Oct. 18, '64. James M. Denn, Mar. 18, '64; transferred to Company E, 9Sth Pennsylvania volunteers, Oct. 18, '64. John Ernst, Oct. 7, '61; deserted Oct. 9, '6r. Christian Ernst, Mar. 15, '64; transferred to Company E 95th Pennsylvania volunteers, Oct. 18, '64. Lewis Frantz, Aug. 31, 61; deserted Sept. 24, '6i. Herbert Fletcher, Sept. 3, '61; not accounted for. Emanuel Fry and Ferdinand Fry, Nov. 5, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 14, '62. Thomas Geinen, Sept. 16, '6r; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 10, '63. Stephen Gross, Oct. I, '61; died at Fortress Monroe, Va., Aug. 12, '62. Casper Hulton, Mar. 18, '64; missing at Spottsylva- nia Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Henry Hoffman, Oct. I, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 17, '62. Aaron T. Hettinger, Oct. 10, '61; transferred to Company E, 95th Pa., Oct. 18, '64; veteran. David Howard, Sept. 24, '61; transferred to Company E 95th Pa., Oct. 18, '64; veteran. Thomas H. Hamer, Aug. 31, '61; deserted Sept. 24, '61. Reuben Heller, Mar. 17, '61; deserted ; re- turned; transferred to Company E 95th Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Silas Hoffman, Oct. 14; deserted Oct. 16, '61. Ashbury Johnson, Oct. 10, '61; deserted, '62. Joseph W. Jarrard, Sept. 6, '61; deserted Sept. 30, '61. Elias Kishbaugh, Mar. 15, '64; transferred to Company E, 9Sth Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Jeremiah Klinger, Sept. 11, '64; transferred to Company E 95th Pa., Oct. 18, '64. John Kromas, Mar. 28, '64; transferred to Company E, gsth Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Levi Klinger, Mar. 15, '64; transferred to Company E 9Sth Pa., Oct. i8,'64. Eli Keener, Oct. i4,'6i; transferred to Company G; veteran. William H, Kuhns, Oct. i, 'Ci; died at Hanover Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Zacha- riah Kramer, Sept. 16, '61; deserted Oct. 7, '64. Joseph H. Klinger, Mar. 15, '61; died July 29, '64. George Londseidle, Mar. 15, '64; transferred to Company E, gsth Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Richard Lutsey, Mar. 28, '64; missmg at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Samuel Mumaw, Sept. 23, '6r; transferred to Company E, gsth Pa., Oct. 18, '64; veteran. Benjamin Mitchell, Oct. 2, '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. 21, 'St,. Samuel Martz, Mar. 18, '64; transferred to Company E, qSth Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Solomon Moyer, Mar. 18, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May ro, '64. Stephen Mensinger, Mar. 15, '64; captured; died at Andersonville, Georgia, July 5, '64. Samuel M'Afee, Sept. 21, '61; discharged Mar. 4, '62; re- enlited Mar. is, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Daniel M'Call, Sept. 16, '61; deserted July 19, '()i. John M'Nulty, May 22, '64; transferred to Company E 95th Pa. Oct. 18, '64. David Nauss, Sept. II, '64; transferred to Company E gsth Pa. Oct. 18, '64. Richard Noble, Mar. 21, '64; transferred to Company E 9Sth Pa. Oct. .18, '64. John N. Oberrender, Oct. i, '61; discharged Oct. 17, '62. Edward Opli..ger, Oct. i, '61; discharged Oct. 17, '62. Edward Onspach, Oct. 19, '61; deserted '62. Charles Paden, Oct. 10, '61; transferred to Company E gsth Pa. Oct. 18, '64; veteran. John L. Painter, Aug. 31, '61; deserted Sept. 24, '61. James S. Russell, Sept. i, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 10, '63. William S. Ramsey, Sept. 23, '61; transferred to jCompany E gsth Pa. Oct. 18, '64; veteran. James Ryan, Feb. 29, '64; deserted; date unknown. Peter Smith and Samuel Sirwell, Oct. 3, '6i; mustered out with company Oct. 21, '64. Abraham Schleppy, Oct. 3, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 14, '62. William Sharp; dis- charged on surg's certificate Apr., '62. Adolphus Steg- ner, Oct. i, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 8, '62. G. Schollenberger, Sept. 23, '61; transferred to Company C. Cyrus Shearer, Sept. 23, '61; deserted Nov. 21, '61; returned; transferred to Company C. Jacob Smith, Oct. I. '61; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov: IS, '(>2,\ discharged Nov. 22, '65. G. G. Schollen- berger, Sept. 30, '61; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 10, '63. William E. Stookey, Oct. 10, '61; died at Fair- fax Seminary, Va., Oct. 5. '62. Nicholas Spohr, Sept. 16, '61; deserted Mar. 24, '64; veteran. John Stewart and Andrew Servers, Oct. 14, '61; deserted .Oct. 16, '61. Peter Starr, Mar. 26, '64; transferred to Company E gsth Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Sylvester Sims, Mar. is, '64; transferred to Company E gsth Pa. Oct. 18, '64. Tilman Si]3le, Mar. IS, '64; transferred to Company E gsth Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Samuel D. Sager, Mar. 18, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Jacob Sims, Mar. 17, '64; died at Alexandria, Va., June s, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court-house, May 70, '64; grave, 2,035. Charles Shadle, Mar. 15, '64; died at Mauch Chunk, Pa., July 10, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. John H. Snyder, Mar. 15, '64; missed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. William D. 'Trout, Oct. 10, '61; discharged Oct. 10, '64. Otto G. H. Vogel, Oct. 21, '61; killed at Crampton's Gap, Md., Sept. 14, '62. Daniel Woodring, Oct. i, '61; discharged on surg's certificate, Sept. 29, '62. Jacob W. Woodring, Oct. 1, '61; discharged on surg's certificate April 4, '63. Jeremiah Weaver, Oct. i, '61; dropped from the rolls Oct. 17, '62. Henry Weigner, Oct. i, '61; transferred to Company G Jan. 4, '64; veteran. Mark Whitebread, Oct. I, '61; transferred to Company G Jan. 4, '64; vet- eran. John Washburn, Mar. is, '64; transferred to Com- pany E, gsth Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Wm. Woodring, Mar. is, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 12, '64; buried AVilderness burial grounds. Reuben Welsh, Mar. 15, '64; died at New York July 10, '64. Henry Woodring, Mar. 15, '64; transferred to Company E gsth Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Jacob Wright, Mar. 18, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May jo, '64. Libert J. Welsh, Mar. is, '64; transferred to Company E gsth Pa., Oct. 18, '64. Jeremiah Wood- ring, Oct. I, '61; deserted July 15, '()i. Joseph Yost, Oct. 2, '61; died at Warrenton, Va., Oct. 2g, '63. Henry Yerger, Sept. 16, '61; deserted Sept. 24, '61. ^¥ =^N- 158 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. CHAPTER XXV. LUZERNE IN THE CIVIL WAR THE I07TH, Io8TH, I32ND, I36TH AND 142ND REGIMENTS. ^ HE 107th regiment, in which Luzerne county ■$^ was represented, was recruited during the kl\ autumn of 1861 and the ensuing winter. Its S^f organization was completed in March, 1862, and on the 9th of that month it went to ^^ Washington. In April it crossed the Potomac, in ' "^ May went forward toward Manassas, then through Thoroughfare Gap to Front Royal, then in July to the vicinity of Manassas. It was the first under fire at the Rappahannock, 9nd first engaged on the second day in the second Bull Run battle, in which its loss was 125 killed, wounded and prisoners. It was next in action at South Mountain, where it made a brilliant charge on the evening of the 14th of September. On the 17th, at Antietam, it was engaged in the "corn- field," and lost 19 killed and 45 wounded out of 190 en- gaged. It arrived at Brooks Station' in October. It was engaged at the battle of Fredericksburg in December, losing 4 killed and 48 wounded and prisoners. It was in- active during the winter, except in the mud campaign. At the battle of Chancellorsville the 107th was present but not actively engaged. At Gettysburg it was in action and suffered severely. It participated in the pur- suit of Lee's army and the subsequent advance to Mine Run, but was not engaged till it arrived at that stream. It received its veteran furlough on the ist of April, 1864, more than a month after its re-enlistment. On its return it came under fire at Spottsylvania, and until it reached the James it was almost daily engaged. After crossing the James, about the middle of June, 1864, it went to Petersburg, and it was engaged in the operations of the siege during the entire period of its continuance. It was often engaged, suffering severely at times and in one fight losing 6 officers and 145 men. Space will not permit a detail of all its engagements, marches and campaigns, of its changes from one com- mand to another, and of the changes and promotions among its officers. It continued with the army of the James till the surrender of Lee at Appomattox on the gth of April, 1865; participated in the grand review at Washington on the 23d of May, and was mustered out July 13th, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTH REGIMENT (ELEVENTH CAVALRY). The nth cavalry, which was recruited in August and September 1861, by Colonel Josiah Harlan, of Philadel- phia, from several States, was chieHy raised in Pennsyl- vania, and Company K was mostly enlisted in the north- ern part of Lackawanna county. Samuel P. Spear was the first lieutenant colonel of the regiment and succeeded Colonel Harlan, who was mustered out August 19th, 1862; and who was himself succeeded by Major George Stetzel. Samuel Wetherell and Noah M, Runyan were the other majors. The regiment consisted of 41 officers and 1,089 enlisted men. It marched from Washington October i6th, 1861, to Camp Palmer, near Bell's Cross Roads, Va., where it was drilled and instructed. In the middle of November it was transferred to Fortress Monroe, where it spent six months in drilling and picketing. The regiment made the Peninsula campaign under McClellan, scouting and picketing, and remained nearly a year in the neighbor- hood of Suffolk, reconnoitering and picketing. On the 2nd of December a battalion under Major Stratton in a sabre charge at Beaver Dam Church routed a superior force of rebel cavalry, took 25 prisoners and recaptured a section of a rocket battery which McClellan had lost; the sabre was thereafter constantly used with success. January 30th, 1863, the i ith fought at Deserted House, and two battalions under Majors Stratton and Cornog charged the enemy's works at Franklin, March 17th. The regiment was engaged in the defense of Suffolk against Longstreet, and captured many prisoners during the pursuit which followed the raising of the siege. In the latter part of June, 1863, this regiment took 125 prisoners in the capture of rebel works, near Hanover Court-house. Other raids followed. In July Colonel Spear, having been put in command of the brigade, was succeeded as colonel by Major 'VVetherell, and he a month later by Lieutenant Colonel Stetzel. A raid against the Weldon railroad was made in July, and sev- eral in the ensuing autumn to the Blackwater and the northeastern part of North Carolina. Four hundred of the men re-enlisted for three years. Early in 1864 the nth was stationed at Williamsburg, and made several raids, accompanying that of General Wistar against Richmond. In May the nth again fell upon the Weldon railroad, drove a rebel infantry regiment from the Nottoway bridge, burned the bridge, and the same day beat the enemy at Jewett's Station. The Danville and South Side railroads were immediately afterward raided and great loss inflicted. The nth participated conspicuously in attacks on Petersburg in June, and then again raided the railroads entering that city and Rich- mond. The enemy was encountered in force at Stony Creek and Ream's Station, and in the latter battle the nth lost 130 killed, wounded and missing. From the middle of July Major Stratton commanded the regiment. During the rest of the war it was actively engaged under Sheridan in the operations against Rich- mond and the pursuit and capture of Lee's army, suffer- ing considerable loss, especially at Five Forks, April ist, 1865, where it greatly distinguished itself. On the 12th it occupied Lynchburg, and on the 24th entered Rich- mond. In these later operations it took possession of 157 cannon and other material of war in proportion. After doing detached duty in Virginia during the sum- mer it was mustered out at camp near Manchester, Aug. ^^= + ^h COMPANY K, ELEVENTH CAVALRY. IS9 13th, 1865. On the 17th it reached Philadelphia, and was disbanded and paid. We append a roll of Company K. The period of en- listment was three years unless otherwise mentioned, and the prevailing date of muster-in was Aug, 31st, 1861. That date will therefore be understood where no other is given. In other cases the first date given is that of muster-in. Where not otherwise noted each man was mustered out with the company, August 13th, 1865. COMPANY K. Oncers. — Capts. — Albert J.Ackerly, )jromoted maj. May 4, '64. John C. Baker, promoted from 2nd to ist lieut Oct. 22, '63; capt. May 15, '64; discharged Oct. 15, '64. Stephen Tripp, promoted ist sergt. Oct. 22, '63; 2nd lieut. May 15, '64; ist lieut. Oct. 15, '64; capt. Nov. 28, '64; wounded in action Dec. 10, '64; resigned May 18, '65; veteran, ist lieuts. — Geo. B. Knight, captured near f'ranklin, Va., Mar. 17, '63; resigned Oct. 22, '63. An- drew J. Smith, promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Nov. 8, '63; ist lieut. Apr. 8, '64. Furman Gulic, promoted from private to regular Q. M. sergt. May r, '63; 2nd lieut. July 25, '64; ist lieut. Nov. 28, '64; Q. M. Apr. 3. '65; veteran. Hiram H. White, promoted ist sergt. Sept. I, '64; 2nd lieut. Nov. 28, '64; ist lieut. May 25, '65; commissioned capt. May 26, '65; not mustered; veteran. 2nd lieut. — Peter W. Kreske, promoted from corp. to sergt. May i, '64; ist sergt. Nov. 25, '64; 2nd lieut. May 25, '65; commissioned ist. lieut. May 26, '65; not mus- tered; veteran. 1st sergts. — William R. Brink, promoted from corp. to sergt. May i, '64; ist sergt. May 25, '65; wounded at Ream's Station, Va., June 23, '64; commis- sioned 2nd lieut. May 26, '65; not mustered; veteran. E. D. F. Brownwell, promoted 1st sergt. May i, '64; discharged Sept. i, '64. Q. M. sergts.— Emory Briggs, promoted from corp. Sept. i, '64; veteran. Oscar F. Nicholson, promoted from Q. M. sergt.; discharged Sept. I, '64. Com. sergt. — Myron Merithew, promoted to corp. Sept. I, '64; sergt. Nov. 15, '64; com. sergt. May 25, '65; veteran. Sergts. — Allen D. Beemer, promoted from corp. Sept. I,' 64; veteran. John Arnold, promoted corp. May i, '64; sergt. Sept. i,'64; veteran. Charles Freeman, promot- ed corp. Sept. I, '64; sergt. June i, '65; veteran. W. Davis, promoted corp. Dec. i, '64; sergt, June 1, '65; veteran. John W. Sisco; promoted corp. Feb. i, '65; sergt. July "i, '65; veteran. Francis M. Hallstead, Sept. 19, '62; promoted corp. Sept. 1, '64; sergt. Feb. i, '65; discharged May 8, '65. Henry Wideman; promoted corp. Nov. 15, '62; sergt. May i, '63; discharged Sept. 1, '64. Enos F. Slocum; discharged Sept. i, '64. Andrew J. Vanstorch, Feb. I, '62; wounded in action Mar. 17, '63; promoted corp. Apr. i, '63; sergt. May i, '64; discharged Feb. r, '65. Andrew B. Kennedy, Feb. 1, '62; promoted corp, Oct. 22, '62; sergt. May' I, 64; discharged Feb. i, '65. George E. Boyle, Feb. 12, '61; promoted corp. Sept. i, '64; sergt. June i, '65; deserted July 18, '65. Corporals —William T. Love, Feb. 22, '64, and Madison Shaddock, Mar. 1, '64; promoted corp. Feb. i, '65; mustered out with company Aug. 13, '65. Earl N. Carpenter, Oliver C. Finn and William Lloyd; promoted corp. June i, 65; veterans. James Leach, Judson Cahoon and Leonard Woekiser; promoted corp. July i, '65; veterans. Edgar E. Smith, Sept. 19, '62; promoted corp. Feb. 1, '65; dis- charged May 8, '65. Charles W. Moredock, Sept. 19, '62; promoted corp. Apr. i, '65; discharged May 8, '65. Silas L. Stanton; promoted corp. Apr. i, 63; discharged Sept. i, '64. John M'Farlane; pro- moted Corp. May i, '64; discharged Sept. i, 64. William Taylor, June 5, '62; promoted corp. Sept. i, '64; discharged Jan. 23, '66, to date June 5, '65. Levi Lewis, killed in action Mar. 12, '63. William G. LaBnr; pro- moted corp. Dec. i, '62; killed nt Franklin, Va., Mar. 17, '63. Aaron Youngkins; killed at Ream's Station, Va., June 29, '64; veteran. Blacksmith — Ziba B. Rease, Oct. 30, '62; promoted blacksmith Dec. i, '64. Saddlers — Augustus Becker, Feb. 15, '64; promoted saddler Sept. i, '64.' Elijah M. Gilbert; promoted saddler Sept. I, '63; discharged Sept. t, '64, Buglers — Elijah Johnson, Mar, 4, '64; promoted bugler Jan, i, '65, Oscar (iisner, promoted bugler Aug, 8, '62; discharged Sept. i, '64. ^'r/z'ato.— John W. Allworth, Mar. 16, '64, Enos Ackerly; not on muster out roll, Abraham K. Brink. Mar, 16, '64; absent, with leave, at muster out. Richard T. Bucher, Feb. 25, '64; captured at Ream's Station, Va., June 29, '64; exchanged; absent at muster out. John C. Becker, Mar. 20, '65. John Botts, Apr, 4, '65. Charles W. Brink, Silas S. Brink, Bordewine A. Brink, and Jarnes R. Benson; discharged Sept. i, '64; expira- tion of term. John Brink; discharged Apr. 3, '63, for wounds. William Bumbaugh, Feb, i, '64; died Aug, 11, '64, James C, Bennett, Oct. 20, '63; captured at Darby- town Road, Va., Oct. 7, '64. George Brezee; captured at Darbytown Road, Vn., Oct. 6, '64; veteran. James Brown, Dec. 24, '63; not on nmster out roll. William Cone, Feb. 29, '64. Bardon Covey; veteran. John W. Conner, Jan. 11, '64. Judson C. Comstock, Feb. 29, '64. Jethro Casner, Oct. 20, '64. George Card, Mar. 22, '65; I year. George W. Coles, Apr. 1 r, '65; i year. Francis M. Chappel, Sept. 15, '64; and David Card, Aug. 28, '61; I year; discharged May 8, '65. James Collins and Abel H. Comstock, discharged Sept. r, '64; expiration of term Theodore W. Calvin; wounded; transferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. i, '63. Charles Clark; de- serted July IS, '63. Henry S. Drake and George N. Dennis; discharged September j, '64. Wil- liam S. Decker, discharged. . on surg's certifi- cate Mar. 20, '62. William G. #arly, M;ir. 16, '64. A. J. Echenrode, Feb. 27, '64. Henry M. Elliott, Feb. 24, '64. Charles Ely, discharged for wounds received Mar. 17, '63. Marsh H. Freeman, Dec. 17, '63. Andrew J. Foltz, Feb. 19, '64. Winfield Fritz, April 10, '65; i year. Sanford Fanning, Sept. 8, '64; i year; discharged May 8, '65. William Freeman, Jan. 20, '64; i year; discharged June 13, '65. George W. Gorton, Feb. 14, '64. John Gallagher, April 10, '65; i year. William Griffith, April 4, '65; I year. William H. Goodyear, Sept. 24, '64; i year; discharged May 8, '65. James, Silas, and John Griffin, William W. Gisner, and Benjamin M. Green; discharged Sept. i, '64; expiration of term. Philip J. Griffin, transferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. i, '63. B. Howard, Mar. i, '63. Samuel and Peter Sept. II, '64; I year; discharged May 8, '65. J. Hall, discharged Sept. i, '64. Erdwin R. discharged Sept. i, '64. John M. Hughes, Apr. discharged May i, '65. Isaac W. Holbs, 2, '61. Samuel 15, '64. Henry Jones., Sept. 5, Lucien Hosier, Myron Height 28, '62 died at Alexandria, Va., Dec Hart, Mar. 14, '64; deserted Mar. Johnson, July 7, '63. Howell T. 64, I year; discharged May 8, '65. John C. Jackson; discharged Sept. i, '64. Richard M. Johnson Mar. i, '64; prisoner from Oct. 29, '64, to June 12, '65; dis- charged June 29, '65. George W. Johnson, Mar. 9, '64; died Apr. 5, '64. Jacob J. Roller, Jan. 4, '64; died at Hampton, Va., May 29, of wounds received in action May 8, '64. Anthony Y. Kinsely, Jan. 30, '64; captured May 30, '64. Silas Locke, Feb. 27, '64. Henry Larue, Dec. 16, '63. Jacob B. Lesh, Mar. 3, '64. Ephraim Leach, Oct. 30, 64, i year; discharged May 8, '65. Ed- win W. Larue, discharged Sept, i, '64. Miller J. Larue, *^^ i6o HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. captured May 22, '62; discharged Sept. i, '64. William J. Langton, discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 9, '6^. Isaac Leach, transferred to veteran reserve corps, Sept. r, '63, William Larue, Mar. i, '62; died at Portsmouth Grove, R. I., Feb. 2, '65. Jonas Ludwig, Dec. 21, 63; not on muster out roll. Lewis F. Mohr, Feb. 27, '64. Charles A. Morgan, Feb. 29, '64. Henry B. Marcy, died May 29, of wounds received in action May 8, '64. Alfred Miller, Feb. 27, '64; deserted Feb. 15, '65. Wil- liam Miller, Feb. 27, '64; deserted June 10, '65. John M'Donough, Apr. 10, '65. i year. John M'Donald, Feb. 7, '64; wounded in action, with loss of foot, Oct. 3, '64; absent in hospital at muster out. James M'Hale, Sept. 19, '62; deserted May 8, '65. Sanford M'Connell, killed near South Mills, N. C, Sept. 12, '6^. Joshua Parsons; veteran. Lorenzo D. Park; discharged Sept. i, '64. John W. Phillips; discharged Sept. i, '64. John Patrick; dis- charged on surg's certificate Dec. 2, '61. Adam Pfeifer; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 14, '62. William H. Porter; transferred to Company D. Martin Ruoff; vet- eran. Andrew J. Rolason; captured at Ream's Station, Va., June 29, '64;. discharged July 3, '65. C. D. Reynolds; veteran. C. M. Ralph, Aug. 28, '64; one year; discharged May 8, '65. Andrew J. Robinson; discharged Sept. i, '64. Francis M. Robinson; discharged Sept. i,' '64. Albert H. Russell; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 10, '62. Andrew J. Reynolds and Richard Rozell; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 2, '62. James Rozell; died at Washington, D. C, July 15, '62. "George W. Sisco, Mar. 26, '65; one year. Benjamin Scull, Oct. 30, '64. John Swin, Feb. 5, '64. George F. Swallow, Mar. 10, '64. John Seitzingor, Apr. to, '65; one year. Morris South- eimer; veteran. William H. Sisco, Oct. 30, '64; one year; discharged May 8, '65. William Shields and Wil- liam Scull, Sept. 19, '62; discharged May 8, '65. John H. Sinsabaugh, Oct. 30, '64; one year; dishonorably dis- charged Jure 4, '65. Oliver C. Swartz, Chester Stephens and George L. Stone, discharged Sept. i, '64. George Socks; discharged on surg's certificate July 22, '62. Berton J. Scott, Feb. 13, '62; captured at Ream's Sta- tion, Va., June 29, '64; died at Petersburg, Aug. 15, '64. Andrew L. Shaddock, Mar. i, '64; captured at New Market Heights, Va.,. Dec. 10, '64; drowned at Annap- olis, Md Martin A. Smith; deserted Aug. 18, '62. Henry Thomas, Sept. 5, '64, one year; discharged May 8, '65. John Tague, ar. i, '62; discharged Feb. 28, '65. W. H. Tinklepaugh; discharged on surg's certificate June 4, '62. David W. Totten; died at Fortress Monroe, Va., Dec. 30, '61. William Thomas, Feb. 15, '64; deserted July 16, '64. Philip Wisner, Oct. 3, '64. William Wil- cox, Feb. 29, '64. Jacob J. Walters, Mar. 15, '64. James Walters, Herman W. Wright and William Williams, Apr. 10, '65; one year. George H. Warner; veteran. Ralph M. Wheeler, Sept. 8, '64, one year; discharged May 8, 65. William S. Walters, Oct. 30, '64, one year; dis- charged May 8, '65. Samuel P. Williams, Mar. 23, '64; captured at Ream's Station, Va., Aug. 19, '64; dis- charged May 29, '65. Avery White; discharged Oct. 7, '64, expiration of term. Henry J. White and John Weise; discharged Sept. i, '64. James White; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 26, '62. Nathaniel Waderaan; died at Fortress Monroe, Va., Feb. 20, 62. Daniel g! Wilcox, Feb. 29, '64; died at Point of Rocks, Va., Sept. 25, '64. Joseph B. Wall; died at Jones's Neck, Va., Mar. r, '65; veteran. William W. Wilson; ca])tured at Darbytown Road, Va., Oct. 7, '64; died at Salisbury, N. C, Dec. 15, '64. Henry Wilcox; July 22, '6;i; deserted Dec. 30, '63, John Youngs, Mar. g, '64; captured May 16, '64; died at Petersburg, Va. ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SECOND REGI- MENT. This regiment was recruited for a term of nine months Company B was raised in Wyoming county, and Com- panies I and K in Luzerne. The field oflScers were: Colonel, Richard A. Oakford, of Luzerne; lieutenant colonel, Vincent M. Wilcox, also of Luzerne, and major, Charles Albright, of Carbon county. On the 19th of August, 1862, a few days after the organization was com- pleted, it moved to the field, and at once commenced drilling. It marched from Rockville, Md., on the 2nd of September, and continued its march with the army, ar- riving at South Mountain after the close of the battle. It was first engaged at Antietam, on the 17th of Sep- tember; maintained its position under a galling fire four hours, and when relieved retired in good order — very creditable behavior for fresh troops. The loss of the regiment in this action was thirty killed, one hundred and fourteen wounded and eight missing. Colonel Oakford was among the killed. The regiment moved to Harper's Ferry after the battle, participated in two reconnoisances while encamped on Bolivar Heights, and moved with the army toward Fredericksburg on the last of October. From Falmouth, where it first encamped, it went to Belle Plain, and after a month returned to Falmouth. In the battle of F'redericksburg it was actively engaged and par- ticipated in a charge on Mary's Heights, where it dis- played a coolness and bravery that would have done honor to veterans. Out of 340 men who went into ac- tion, the regiment lost 140. At the battle of Chancellorsville, though the term of a portion of the men had expired, all took part in the ac- tion. On the third day of the battle the regiment made a gallant bayonet charge in which a number of prisoners were taken. Its loss in this action was about 50. It was relieved from duty on the expiration of the term of ser- vice, and was mustered out on the 24th of May, 1863. It is said two-thirds of the men entered the service again. Below are rolls of the regimental officers of the 132nd and of Companies B, I and K, in which this county was represented. In the case of the regimental staff the dates of muster in follow the names of the officers. Ex- cept a very few men, the members of Company B were mustered-in on the nth, those of Company I on the 15th and those of Company K on the 14th of August, 1862. riELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. C-^W..-Richard A. Oakford, Aug. 21, '62; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Vincent M.Wilcox Aug 26, 62; promoted from lieut. col. Sept. 18 '62 • dis- tZfot T '"'■^'l "'•''fi'^'^'e J^"- -4, '63. Charles W^r' v"=- V', ^'' l""™°f«d from maj. to lieut. col. sept. 18, 62; col. |an. 24, 'G^. Lieutenant Colonel.— ]oi^\->\, E. Shreve, Aue rr '62- promoted from capt. Company A to maj. Sept 18 '62' to heut. col. Jan, 24, '63. ^epu iq, 02, COMPANY B, ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SECOND REGIMENT. Major. — Frederick L. Hitchcock, Aug. 22, '62; pro- moted from adj. Jan. 24, '63. Adjutant. — Austin F. Clapp, Aug. 14, '62; promoted from sergt. maj. Jan. 24, '63. Quartermaster. — Clinton W. Neal, Aug. 13, '62; pro- moted from corp. Company E Aug. 22, '62. Surgeons — Levi Oberlioltzer, Aug. 30, '62; promoted from ass't sarg. 139th Pa., Dec. 23, '62; discharged Jan. 6, '63. J.imes W. Anawalt, Sept. 12, '62. Assistant Surgeons. — George K. Thompson, Aug, 19, '62. George W. Hoover, Sept 3, '62. Chaplain. — A. H. Schoonmaker, Aug. 16, '62. Seigcant Majors. — Frank I. Deemer, Aug. 15, '62; pro- moted from private Company K Jan. 24, '63, . Thomas Maxwell, Aug. 14, '62; promoted from private Company A Aug. 15, '62; istlieut. Company A Nov. r, '62. Quartermaster Sergeants. — Brooks A. Bass, Aug. 15, '62; promoted from private Company I Jan. i, '63. Elmor H. Wells, Aue. 11, '62; transferred to Company B Jan. I, '63. Commissary Sergeants. — Alonzo B. Case, Aug. 11, 62; promoted from sergt. Coinpany C Dec. 25, '62. W. W. Coolbaugh, Aug. 14, '62; promoted from corp. Company K Oct. 10, '63; transferred to Company K Dec. 25, '62. John F. Solomon, Aug. 13, '62; promoted from private Company G Aug. 15, '62; died at Harper's Ferry, Va., Oct. 16, '62. Hospital Stewards. — Moses Y. Corwin, Aug. 14, '62; promoted from private Company K Apr. 6, '63. Horace A. Deans, Aug. 15, '62; promoted from private Company I Oct. 1, '62; transferred to Company I Apr. 6, '63. COMPANY B. i Officers. — Captains — Smith W. Ingham, Aug. 5, '62; resigned Feb. 5, '63. George H. Eastman, Aug. 14. '62; promoted from ist lieut. Feb. 8, '63; wounded at Chan- cellorsville, Va., May 3, '63. ist lieut., Anson G. Car- penter, Aug. 14. '62; promoted from 2nd lieut. Feb. 8, '63. 2nd lieut., DeWitt C. Kitchen; promoted to 1st sergt. Sept. 18, '62; 2nd lieut. Feb. 18, '63. ist sergts. I — John D. Smith; promoted from private to sergt. Nov. i,"'62; to ist. sergt. Feb. 8, 'd},. George W. Warner; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Sergts. — James H. Farr; promoted from corp. Sept. 18, '62. Freeman A. Dixon; captured at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62; pro- moted from corp. Feb. 8, '63. Julian W. Stelhvell; promoted to corp. Sept. 12, '62; sergt. Feb. 8, '63. Abner Tevvis; promoted from private Nov. i, '61. Tohn H. Teneyck; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Corporals — John B. Overfield, wounded at Fredericks- burg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. John W. Reynolds, promoted corp. Sept. 12, '62. Calvin L. Briggs, promoted corp. Feb. 8, '63; wounded- at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 'dT,. Hansom H. Carrien, promoted corp. Feb. 8, 'by, wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, '63. Isaac Polmatien, promoted corp. Feb. 8, '63; wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, '63. Daniel W. Smith, mustered out with company May 24, '63. George N. Colvin, promoted to corp. Feb. 8, 'by Porter Car- penter, promoted to corp. Feb. 8, '63. James N. Gard- ner, discharged on surg's xertificate Nov. 23, '62. Otis Gilmore, wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Dec. 23, '62. Musicians^ Decatur Hewitt, deserted April ir, '63. Andrew J. Lewis, Aug. 14, '62; prisoner from May 3 to May 22, '63. Robert L. Reynolds, jirisoner from May 3 to May 22, '63. /'/7?'a/<'.f.— Elias Aton. Loren Ball; prisoner from May 3 to May 22, 'by John R. Briggs, Aug. 14, '62. Willard E. Bullock; wounded at Antietam, Md., Sepf. 17, '62. Joseph Billings. Samuel Bishop; wounded, with loss '62; discharged on killed at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Thomas J. Chase. Levi Conklin. Thomas A. Castle. (reorge A. Carney; wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Seth A, Cobb: wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Oliver F. Clark. Adelbert Calvin; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 25, '62, Benjamin V. Cole; killed at Antietan>, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Jerome E. De- trick. James C. Degraw. Ezra Dean; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 29, '62. Charles Evans; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. John F. Evans; died at Acquia Creek, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Sylvester Farnam. Elisl-a Farnam; of arm, at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, surg's certificate Jan. 1. '63. Dennis D. Crardner. Alonzo E. Gregory; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Phi- lander Grow; died near Falmouth, Va., Dec. 17, '62. Leslie E. Hawley; discharged. Samuel Hoofer. Thomas M. Hines. Harvey B. Howe; discharged on surg's cert- Jficate Feb. T, 'by Peter B, Hanyon; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 15, 'by George M. Harding; wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 10, '63. Benjamin H. Hanyon; deserted Sept. 17, '62. Stephen T. Ingham. Horace Jackson. Judson A. Jayne. Martin V. Kennedy. Silas G. Lewis. Francis M. Lewis; wounded at Fredericks- burg, ^^a., Dec. 13, '62, and at Chancellorsville May 3, '63. Ezra A. Lambert. Alvah I.etteer; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 4, '63. Albanus Little; wounded at Antietam, Md.. Sept. 17, '62; absent at muster out. Miah Mott. E^mmett J. Matthewson. Charles W. Martin; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 6, '63. Wilson D. Minor; wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. i, '62. Thomas S. Moore, died at Georgetown, D. C, Oct. 14, '62. Oliver C. Newbury; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. II, '63, Horace O'Neal. Henry Ornt; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept, 17, '63, Elisha Pedrick; wounded at Antietam, Md,, Sept. 17, '63. Byron Provost; wound- ed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62, Charles Plattenburg. Rufus F. Parish; wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 25, '63. Reuben Plattenburg, died at Washington, D. C, Mar. 12, '63. William H. Reynolds; wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Albert G, Reynolds. Oliver E. Reynolds. Perry T. Rought. Washington L. Rought; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 12, '63. Milton Roberts; died Sept. 20, of wounds received at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Eseck Smith. Jeremiah Stanton. Davis C Smith; absent, sick, at muster out, William Shoemaker. Asa Smud; absent, sick, at muster out. Harman Stark; wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Wesley J. Stark; deserted Nov. 20, '62; returned Mar. 12, '63. Burton Shoemaker; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 6, '63. John H. Smith; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Joseph W. Stanton; deserted. Jacob A. Thomas. Utiev Turner; discharged oh surg's certificate Jan. 6, '63. Henry B. Turner; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. W. B. Vanarsdale. Andrew M. Wandle; prisoner from Nov, 4 to Dec, 24, '62. John Wall. Elmore H. Wells, Aug. 14, '62. Hiram E. Worden. COMPANY I. Officers. — Captains — James Archbald, jr., Aug. 18, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 7, '63. Philip S. Hall, Aug. 18, '62; promoted from 2nd lieut. Jan. 14, '63; wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 4, '63; absent at muster out. First lieutenants — Robert R. Miller, Aug. 18, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 19, '62. Benjamin Gardner, promoted from sergt. Jan. 14, '63.- Second lieutenant — Michael Houser, promoted from *^^ i^ Mh 162 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. priv. Jan. 14, '63. First sergeants — George A. Wolcott, promoted from corp. Jan. 14, '63. George W. Conklin, discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 18/63. Sergeants John M. Miller. John Jones. Isaac Cornell, promoted corp. Jan. 14, '63. A. Rittenbender, promoted from corp. Jan. '4. '63; prisoner from May 6 to May 22, '63. Orlando Taylor, discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 4, '62. Cor- porals—Alfred J. Barnes. Joseph Sharp, prisoner from Nov. 8, '62, to Jan. i, '63. Owen J. Bradford. William H. Hagar, promoted to corp. Jan. 4, '63. Lewis G. Reed, promoted to corp. April 15, '63. James A. Sargent; promoted to corp. Jan. 14, '63. Robert Gray; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 6, '62. Daniel S. Gardner; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Musicians — Orrin C. Hubbard and Theodore Keifer. Privates. — Thomas Allen. Moses H. Ames; killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. George L. Bradford. Wil- liam Bracy. John Burnish. Nathaniel D. Barnes. James Barrowman;. wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, '63. Thomas Barrowman. Milton Brown. Aug. 16, '62. Lewis A. Bingham; deserted Jan. 1, '63; re- turned Mar. 27, '61. Brooks A. Bass; promoted Q. M. sergt. Jan. i, 'd-^. John Berry; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Mar. 15, '63. Abijah Bush, jr.; deserted Sept. 19, '62. Burton J. Capwell. Thomas Carnarf dis- charged on surg's certificate. George H. Cator; died Oct. 30, of wounds received at Antietam. Md., Sept. 17, '62. Horace A. Deans. Frederick M. Ellting. H. L. El- mandorf; deserted Nov. 15, '62. Edward Ferris; wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, '63. John Fern. Cieorge E. Fuller. Henry M. Fuller. Benton V. Finn; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 6, '62. John Finch; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 28, '63. William Gunsauler. John Gahn; wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Elisha R. Harris. Samuel Hubbard. J. Hippenhamraer, Aug. 16, '62. Charles Hamm. Richard Hall. William H. Harrison. Henry P. Halstead; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 5, '63. William Hazlett; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 2, '63. John L. Hunt; deserted Feb. 15, '63. Roderick Jones; wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62; absent, in hospital, at muster out. John J. Kilmer, H. L. Krigbaum; wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Michael Kelly. George C. Lanning. Thomas Z. Lake. Lyman Milroy; prisoner from May 6 to May 22, '63. George Meuchler. James J. Maycock; wound- ed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Stephen Moomey, James H. Miller. Robert O. Moscrip. James S. Morse; discharged on Furg's certificate Oct. 29, '62. Joseph Niver. Aaron Owen. John Owen; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 11, '63 John E. Powell; prisoner from May 6 to May 22, '63. Charles Pontus. James A. Parker; deserted Oct. 29, '62. Joseph Quinlain. Free- man J. Roper. Eliazer Raymond; wounded at Fred- ericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Nelson Raymond; wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, '63; absent, in hospital, at muster out. James S. Randolph; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 2x, '(it,. George W. Ridgeway; discharged on surg's certificate. Daniel Reed, killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Wil- liam H. Smith. William H. Seely. Laton Slocum. Michael Sisk. John Sommers. Richard A. Smith, died Oct. 15, of wounds received at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Orvice Sharp, died Nov. 15, '62. Reily S. Tanner. James L. Tuthill, prisoner from May 6 to May 22, '63. Henry Vusler, deserted Sept. 18, '62. David J. Woodruff. Samuel Wiggins. Daniel Winnich. Burr C. Warner. John B. West, killed at Antietam, Md., Sept, 17, '62. Harrison Young. COMPANY K. Officers. — Captains. — Richard Stillwell,Aug. i8,'62; dis- charged Mar. 31, '63, for wounds received at Fredericks- burg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Jacob B. Floyd, Aug. 18, '62; promoted from ist lieut. Mar. 31, '63. ist lieut. — Noah B. Jay, promoted from 2d lieut. Mar. 31, '62,. 2nd lieut. Sylvester Ward, promoted from sergt. to ist sergt. Dec. 25, '62; 2nd lieut. Mar. 31, '63. ist sergt. — Francis Orchard, promoted from sergt. Mar. 31, '(it,. Sergts. — • George M. Snyder, promoted from corp. Sept. 24, '62. John Bottsford, promoted from corp. Sept. 24, '62. Wil- liam C. Keiser, promoted from corp. Mar. 31, '(>t,. Mar- tin L. Hower, died Oct. 28, of wounds received at Antie- tam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Corps. — Philetus P. Cope- land. George A. Kent. George W. Johnson, pro- moted corp. Sept. 24, '62. John S. Short, promoted, corp. Sept. 24, '62; wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; absent, in hospital, at muster out. George H. Taylor, promoted corp. Sept. 14, '62. Emil Haugg, promoted corp. Mar. 31, '63. Austin F. Clapp, promoted sergt. maj. Nov. i, '62. Musicians — Lor. D. Kemmerer. William Silsbee. Privates. — Augustus Ashton. David Brooks. Charles Boon. Lewis H. Bolton. Adolf Bendon, discharged on surg's cerHficate Dec. 6, '62. Charles Bulraer, discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 14, '62. William H. Carling. William W. Coolbaugh, wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, '63. Harrison Cook. Jacob M. Corwin. John Coolbaugh. William Coon, discharged on surg's certifi- cate Nov. 29, '62. Moses Y. Corwin, promoted hospital steward Apr. 6, '(it,. Benjamin Daily. F. J. Deemer, promoted sergt. maj. Jan. 24, '63. Richard Davis, died Jan. 2, '63, of wounds received at Fredericks- burg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Thoinas D. Davis, died near Washington, D. C,, Nov. 25. '62. Jacob Eschen- Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. George Gabriel. John C. Higgins, J. H. Havenstrike. George Henrj', discharged on surg's certifi- Wilson Hess, discharged on surg's bach, killed at Charles Frederick. Peter Harrabaum Hindle. Edward T, cate Jan. 8, '63. certificate Feb. 21, '63. John P. Heath, deserted Sept. 21, '62. John M. Kapp, Michael Kivlin, Robert Ken- nedy, Jesse P. Kortz, died near Falmouth, Va.,- Dec. 25, '62. George W. Lynn, Andrew Landsickle, John Lind- sey, George Matzenbacher, Samuel VV. Mead,"william L. Marcy, George B. Mack. Charles A. Meylert, promoted to 2nd lieutenant Company A Feb. 24, '63. Jeptha Milligan, killed at Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, '62. Richard Nape, Daniel J. Newman, John R. Powell, Joseph Pel- lam, Downing Parry, John Ry.an, Samuel Rupel. Simon P. Rmgsdorf, discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 6, '63. George Smithing, Harry M. Segar, Daniel W. Scull, Joseph Snyder, Simon P. Snyder, William D. Snyder Charles B. Scott, Peter Seigle, John Scott, Walter K. Snyder, Martin L. Smith, James Stevens. John Stitcher, discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 28, '62. Allen Sparks, died Sept. t8, of wounds received at Antietam, Sept. T7, '(,2. Obadiah Sherwood, died Nov. 20, at Smoketown, Md., of wounds received at Antietam Sept. 17, '62. Samuel Snyder, died at Philadelphia, Pa., Jan 9, '63. James Scull, died near Falmouth, Va., Feb. 11 '(i^. Solon Searles, died at Acquia Creek, Va., Jan. 26^ '63. Alonzo L. Slawson, discharged. Leander J. Smith' deserted Sept. i, '62. David Vipon, George C. Wilson' Martni Wilmore. Orestes B. Wright, wounded at Fred- ericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. John Westfall. Henry W. Whiting, discharged on surg's certificate Nov 27 '62 John W. Wright, died at Harper's Ferry, Va , Oct 23 =^^ ^^ .1 136TH AND 142ND REGIMENTS. 163 '62. Albert Wheeler, deserted Dec. 19, '62. Conrad Young, William H. Young, W. L. Yarrington. Daniel C. Young, died Dec. 26, of wounds received at Fredericks- burg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SIXTH REGI- MENT. This regiment, of which Company B was recruited in Luzerne and Tioga counties, was organized for nine months' service. It arrived in Washington while the second Bull Run battle was in progress, and was stationed in one of the forts which defended the capital, and afterward it was posted in detachments along these defences. In the lat- ter part of September it moved to Frederick, Md., and afterward to Sharpsburg. During the time it remained in Maryland it was engaged in drill and picket duty. It then crossed into Virginia and encamped successively at VV^rrenton, Brooks Station, White Oak Church and Falmouth. At the battle of Fredericksburg it took part in the un- equal contest of the first corps against many times its number of the enemy. Its loss in this battle was 140 't,. Solomon W. Strohm, Sept. i, '62; discharged Apr. 27, '63, for wounds received at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. George W. Brink, Aug. 30, '62; wounded at Fredericks- burg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; transferred to Company D, i8th reg. veteran reserve corps, Aug. 15, '63; discharged June 29, '65. Alpheus Cutler, Aug. 30, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov. 16, '63. Corporals — Charles Steel, Aug. 30, '62; promoted corp. Mar. i, '63. John P. Griffiths, Aug. 30, '62; promoted to corp. Apr. '63; cap- tured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. George Strickler, Sept I, '62; promoted corp. Feb. 3, '65. Jolin T. Reed, Sept. I, '62; promoted corp. Mar. i, '65. Martin L. Burtch, Aug. 30, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. I, '63. James D, Giddings, Aug. 30, '62; discharged on surg's ecertificate Jan. 16, '63. John G. Silkworth, Aug. 30, '62; dischaiged on surg's certificate Jan. 19, '65. Edward Mehlnian, Sept. i, '62; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, '63; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar., '65; discharged June 26, '65. Isaac Gisner, Aug. 30, '62; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63; transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged June 26, '65. William Fastnought, Aug. 30, '62; died at Frederick, Md., Nov. 16, '62. Nathan Allen, Aug. 30, '62; promoted corp. Aug. 18, '64; died Feb. 7 at City Point, Va., of wounds received at Dabney's Mills Feb. 6, '65. James V. Staley Sept. 25, '62; promoted to corp. May 11, '63; died at Petersburg, Va., Nov. 30, '64. Lewis Wagner, Aug. 30, '62; deserted Sept., '6z. Musician, Thomas Prothero, Aug. 30, '62. Privates. — Charles K. Burkey, Sept. 25, '62. Lewis Bevan, Aug. 30, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Oct., '62. Abraham Bickel, Sept. i, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 14, '63. Henry Bickle, Sept. t, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Apr. 9, '64. Chester Cam- mer, Aug. 30, '62. William Cooper, Aug. 30, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Mar. 16, '63. John Cool, Aug. 30, '62; transferred to Company G, 12th regiment veteran reserve corps, Feb. 11, '64; discharged June 39, '65. John Conrad, Aug. 30, '62; missing in action at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. John R. Davis, Aug. 30, '62. Samuel Davis, Sept. r, '62. Charles Decker, Aug. 30, '62. Oliver Decker, Aug. 30, '62; discharged Feb. 29, 'ii2ii fo"" wounds received at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. John Dunlap, Aug. 30, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb., '^■i. Youngs Davis, Aug. 30, '62, and John Doolebohn, Sept. i, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps. James E. Donley, Sept. 24, '62; transferr- ed to signal corps. Samuel Dupple, Sept. i, '62; died July 24, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 12, '64. Watkin Evans, Aug. 30, '62. Jenkin Evans, Aug. 30, '62; killed at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec 13, '62. Edward Fitzgerald, Aug. 30, '62; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Mar. 15, '64. Henry M. Garrett, Sept. I, '62. Peter Garber, Sept. i, '62; discharged Mar. 24, '63, for wounds received at Fredericksburg,. Va., Dec. 13, '62. Jacob Gisner, Aug. 30, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 13, '64. George Griest, Sept. i, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 3, 'Gt,. Thomas Gruver, Aug. 30, '62; discharged on surg's certificate May 15, '65. Denzimore N. Hale, Aug. 30, '62. William Hampton, Aug. 30, '62; captured at Petersburg, Va.. Jan. 24, '65; discharged May 26, '65. David Heisey, Sept. i, '62. 'john House, Aug. 30, '62; wounded at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; absent, in hospital, at muster out. John Holvey, Aug. 30, '62; discharged on surg's certificate. Merritt Hass, Aug. 30, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 1, '65. William I). Jones, Aug. 30, '62; discharged by special order Nov. 15, '64. William Johnson, Aug. 30, '62; deserted Dec. 3, '62. Meredith Jones, Aug. 30, ^62; deserted July i, '63. AVilliam H. Kendall, Aug. 30, '62; missing in action at Fredericksburg, "\^a., Dec. 13, '62. William Laird, Aug. 30, '62; wounded and cap- tured at Fredericksburg. Va., Dec. 13, '62; died at Rich- mond, Jan. 3, '63. Benjamin Lutringer, Aug. 30, '62; wounded and captured at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; died at Richmond, Jan. 14, '63. Lewis Miller, Sept. I, '62; wounded at Dabney's Mills, Va., Feb. 6, '65; dis- charged June 7, '65. Thomas Meredith, Aug. 30, '62; discharged Mar. 4, '(,t„ for wounds received at Frede- ricksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. John Morgan, Aug. 30, '62; discharged Jan. 23, '63. Reuben Morris, Aug. 30, '62; discharged Jan. 13, '63. John M'Lean, Sept. i, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Mar. 24, '63. Zuray M'Cam- ley, Aug. 30, '62; killed at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Barney M'Nellis, Aug. 30, '62; deserted. John S. Nagle, Feb. 3, '65; transferred to 190th Pa., May 29, '65. William Peters, Sept. i, '62. William Phillipi, Sep'. I, '62; missing in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Samuel Smith, Sept. i, '62. George Steinmetz, Sept. i, '62. Michael Seiders, Sept. i, '62; prisoner from May 5, '64, to May 14, '65. Jacob Souder, Sept. i, '62; dis- charged by special order Sept. 15, '64. Jonas Seagrisf, Sept. r. '62; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan i, '65. ' Wil- liam H. Seiders, Sept. 2, '62; transferred to Company A, 6lh regiment veteran reserve corps, Jan. 15, '64; dis- charged July 6, '65. Lewis Shortz, Aug. 30, '62; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Feb. 15, '64. George G. Scott, .\ug. 30, '62; wounded and captured at Fredericks- burg, Va., Dec. 13, '62; died at Annapolis, Md., Feb. 22, '(>Z- John Seiders, Sept. I, '62; captured; died at Ander- sonville, Gn., July 19, '64. Henry Smith, Sept. i, '62; killed at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, '62. Peter Smith, Sept. I, 62; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63 Nich- olas Smith, Aug. 30, '62; killed at Fredericksburg Va Dec. 13, '62. Levi Sheets, Sept. i, '62; deserted jkn. ^ 63. Caleb Tompkins, Sept. i, '62; died at Washington, p. C, Peb. 7, '63. William Vanbuskirk, Aug ,0 '62- killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Richard S. Water.' Aug. 30, 62; discharged on surg's certificate Jan 19 '63- -^^ H^ THE ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-THIRD REGIMENT. 165 re-enlisted Mar. 30, '64; transferred to 190th Pa. May 29, '65; veteran. Andrew Weiscarrier, Aug. 30, '62; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Alexander C. Wilson, Sept. I, '62; deserted. CHAPTER XXVI. LUZERNE IN THE CIVIL WAR THE ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-THIRD REGIMENT. 4. OMPANIES H and K of this regiment were raised in the counties of Lycoming, Sus- quehanna and Wyoming, the others in Luzerne county. Their place of rendezvous was a camp about three miles from Wilkes- f ^h Barre, on the opposite side of the river, in what is known as Mill Hollow. There the regiment was organized on the 1 8th of October, 1862, with Ed- mund L. Dana as colonel, George E. Hoyt lieutenant colonel and John D. Musser major. The appointment of Colonel Dana was made without his knowledge, but his well known ability and energy of character, and the mili- tary experience which he had acquired in the Mexican war, where lie commanded a company, rendered the choice a fitting one. After a few weeks spent in drilling, the regiment moved to Harrisburg, and thence to Washington. It remanied near this city, engaged in drill and fatigue duty, till Feb- ruary, 1863, when it went to Belle Plain and was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 3d division, ist corps. In April, with its division, it went to a point on the Rappahanock below Fredericksburg, where it made a feint of crossing and returned. In the latter part of the same month it went to Pollock's run, where it was under fire from the oppo- site side of the river while fighting was going on in Chan- cellorsville. Thither the regiment proceeded on the 2nd of May, and on the 3d and 4th it was at times un- der fire. On the 8th it went into camp at Falmouth. The ist corps was the first to reach the battle at Gettys- burg, where it went into position on the ist of July. Colonel Dana soon came in command of his brigade, and Lieutenant Colonel Musser of the regiment. The fighting was severe at the position held by the 143d, and after repeated charges on it had been made and repulsed it was compelled lo fall back, which the men did doggedly and unwillingly. It was afterward relaled, in a foreign magazine, by an English officer, who was present with the enemy, that when the Yankee troops were compelled after an obstinate resistance to retire from this position a color bearer, who was the last of his regiment to leave the position, was seen to occasionally turn and shake his fist at the assailants; while doing so he fell, and died dinging to his standard. The rebel General Hill expressed his regret at seeing this gallant soldier fall. This color bearer was Sergeant Benjamin H. Crippen, of Company E in this regiment. The flag to which he clung in death was borne from the field by his comrades. On the 2nd and 3d the regiment was en- gaged, but not as heavily as on the ist. It went into the engagement 465 strong, and lost in killed, wounded, mis- sing and prisoners more than half that number. Among the killed were Lieutenants Lee D. Grover, Lyman R. Nicholson and Charles D. Betzinberger. The remainder of the regiment took part in the pursuit of the rebel army into Virginia, and 'afterward moved to the vicinity of Bealton Station, where it was engaged in guard duty on the railroad and at a depot of stores. During the autumn of 1863 it received recruits at dif- ferent times, amounting to 363 men, which gave the regi- ment a strength of 534. Late in September the regiment moved with the army to the Rapidan and occupied positions successively at Raccoon Ford, Moreton's Ford and Kelly's Ford; then marched to Centerville and thence to Haymarket, where on the 9th of October it had a slight engagement, in which two men were wounded. It returned to the Rapi- dan and late in November was stationed at Manassas Junction, whence it went across the Rappahannock to Paoli Mills on the 5th of December, and on the 27th to Culpepper and established its winter quarters. On the 6th of February, 1864, it marched to Raccoon Ford, where it had a slight engagement, and returned the next day. A corps reorganization took place in March and the 143d became one of the regiments of the ist brigade ist division 5th corps. Lieutenant Colonel Hoyt, who died in June, 1863, had been succeeded by Major Mus- ser, and Captain Charles M. Conyngham had been made major. Early in May the regiment went to the Wilder- ness and was engaged in the several actions there. At these battles Colonel Dana was wounded and made pris- oner. Lieutenant Colonel Musser was killed, Lieutenant Michael Keenan was mortally wounded and Captains Gordon and Little and Lieutenant Ka'iff taken prisoners. At Laurel Hill the regiment was in action, and for several successive days was engaged in charging and repelling assaults. In these engagements it suffered severely. Lieutenant Charles H. Riley was killed and Major Conyngham wounded. The regiment went to the North Anna, where it arrived on the 21st, and on the 23d it was engaged at Hanover Junction. It moved forward with the army, crossed the James and marched for Petersburg on the i6th of June. On the i8th, in a general advance on the enemy's works, Lieutenant E. L. Griffin was mor- tally wounded. During a month following this the regi- . ment was engaged in fatigue duty, and on the i8th of August it was engaged at the taking of the Weldon rail- road. About the middle of September Colonel Dana re- turned from his imprisonment and resumed command of his regiment, which was about the same time assigned to the 3d division, under General Crawford. On the ist of October the regiment made an expedition on the Vaughn road, and was soon afterward quartered in Fort Howard, where it remained till the latter part of the month, when it moved with its corps on Hatcher's Run, The 143d was 4\ i66 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. engaged with its division in a charge on the enemy, and in skirmishing. Under the command of General Warren the corps went early in December on the Weldon raid and succeeded in effecting the destruction of about twenty miles of the railroad and its fixtures, as well as rebel stores and other property. On the return of the corps from this raid the 143d was a portion of the rear guard, and was frequently attacked by the enemy's pur- suing column. This was the last active service of the regiment during that year. Early in February, 1865, the regiment participated in a movement against the enemy at Hatcher's Run, where the rebels and the Union troops were alternately driven. Captain Gaylord was killed in this fight and the regiment suffered greatly. Soon after this the 143d, with three other regiments in the same brigade, went north. It was placed on duty at the rendezvous on Hart island, in the East river, New York, and remained there during the remainder of its term of service. It was mustered out on the i2th of June, 1865, and on its return to Wilkes- Barre was received with those marks of esteem to which its severe and efficient service in the field entitled it. Colonel Dana had suffered severely during his im- prisonment, and was one of fifty imprisoned officers who were placed undSr the fire of the Union artillery at the city of Charleston. After his return, though holding the rank of a colonel, he was during a long time kept in com- mand of his brigade. The officers of that brigade drew up and subscribed a memorial to the war department pro- testing against such injustice, and asking that he be pro- moted. This paper from some cause never reached the department, but on the facts of the case becoming known through other channels he was brevetted a brigadier-gen- eral, and retained in the service on special duty till the following August. The 143d was so nearly all raised in Luzerne and Wy- oming counties that we append a roll of the entire regi- ment. By way of explanation it is only necessary to say that where a date immediately follows a name it indicates the lime when the man was mustered in; and that each man not otherwise accounted for was mustered out June i2th, 1865: FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. Co/om/— Edmund L. Dana, Nov. 18, '62; wounded and captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; brevet brig, gen. July 26, '65; discharged Aug. 18, '65. Lieutenant Colonels. — George E. Hoyt, Sept. 6, '62; pro- moted from cnpt. Company D Nov. 8, '62; died at Kings- ton, Pa., June i, '63. John D. IVIusser, Oct. i, '62; pro- moted from ist lieut. Company K to major Nov. 8, '62; to lieut. col. June 2, '63; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. George N. Richard, Aug. 27, '62; promoted from capt. Company C June 8, '65. Majors.— C. M. Conyngham, Aug. 26, '62; promoted from capt. Company A Sept. i, '63; discharged July 26, for wounds received at Spottsylvania Court-house May 12, '64. Chester K. Hughes, Oct. 18, '62; promoted from capt. Company I Oct. 27, '64; brev. lieut. col. and col. Mar. 13, '65. Ailjutants.—]ohn ]ones, iw, Dec. iS, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 12, '63. F. M. Shoemaker, Oct. 31, '63; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 7, '64. Charles H. Campbell, Sept. 8, '62; promoted from 2nd lieut. Company F Dec. -13, '64. Quartermasters. — Milton Dana, Nov. 18, '62; promoted to capt. and ass't Q. M. U. S, volunteers May 17, '65; mustered out May 19, '6(>, William D. Warfel, Sept. 6, '62; promoted from private Company E to Q. M. sergt. Oct. I, '63; Q. M. June 5, '65. Surgeons. — Francis C. Reamer, Sept. 16, '62; resigned Feb. 3, '65. C. E. Humphrey, May 25, '63; promoted from ass't surg. 142nd Pa! volunteers Mar. 22, '65. Assistant Surgeons. — James Fulton, Aug. 20, '62; trans- ferred from 150th Pa. volunteers Nov. 18, '62; discharged Apr. 8, '64. David L. Scott, Sept. 18, '62; discharged Apr. 8, '64. I. C. Hogendobler, Apr. 27, '64; promoted to ass't surg. U. S. volunteers Sept. 7, '64; brev. maj.; mustered out Dec. 8, '65. Edward Brobst, Dec. 27, '64. Chaplain. — Solomon W. Weiss, Nov. 28, '62; resigned Apr. 30, '(,z. Sergeant Majors. — Jacob W Burke, Sept. 6, '62; pro- moted from sergt. Company D May 16, '65. Patrick De Lacy, Aug. 26, '62; promoted from sergt. Company A Oct. 6, '64; 2nd lieut. Company D May 24, '65. John M. Conner, Aug. 27, '62; promoted from ist sergt. Com- pany C Dec. I, '63; 1st lieut. Company B Sept. 18, '64. Wesley M. Cooper, Aug. 15, '62; promoted from sergt. Company K; transferred to Company K Dec. i, '63. Alonzo S. Holden, Aug. 26, '62; promoted from sergt. Company A Jan. i, '63; transferred to Company A July I, '63- Quartermaster Sergeant. — Elhannan W. Wert, Sept. 6, '62; promoted from private Company E to com. sergt. July 17, '64; to Q. M. sergt. June 6, '65. Commissary Sergeants. — Augustus Atherton, Aug. 26, '62; promoted from private Company B June 7, '65. My- ron S. Town, Sept. 6, '62; promoted from private Com- pany H April 20, '64; to Q. M. 45th U. S. C. T. July 21, '64; mustered out Nov. 4, '65. Hospital Steward. — Josiah L. Lewis, Sept. 6, '62; pro- moted from private Company E Oct. 1, '63. Principal Afusicians. — H. C. Yarrington, Aug. 26, '62; promoted from musician Company B Mar. i, '65. John C. P. Little, Sept. 6, '62; promoted from musician Com- pany D; transferred to Company D Feb. 28, '65. COMPANY A. In this company and Company B the prevailing date of muster-in was August 26th, 1S62, and it need not be repeated. Officers. — Captains — C. M. Conyngham, promoted maj. Sept. I, '63. Oliver K. Moore, promoted from ist lieut. Sept. 16, '63; resigned Jan. 24, '64. Charles C. Flotze, promoted from 2nd to ist lieut. Sept. 16, '63; capt.'Feb. I, 64. ist lieuts.— Charles H. Riley, promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Feb. 5, '64; to ist lieut. Feb. 5, '64; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 10, '64. Barton M. Stet- ler, promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Apr. 21, '64; ist lieut. Sept. 25, '64. ist sergts.— Lee D. Groover, com- missioned 2nd lieut. June 2, '63; not mustered; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. William H. Bennett, pro- moted from Corp. Dec. 25, '62; commissioned 2nd lieut. June I, '65; not mustered. Sergts. — James A. Stetler, promoted corp. Aug. 26, '62; sergt. Feb. i, '64. Samuel J. James, promoted from corp. Oct. i, '64. David G. Davis, promoted corp. Nov. 1, '63; sergt. Dec. 15, '64. Henry George, Dec. 8, '62; substitute; promoted corp. Feb. I, '64; sergt. June r, '65. Caleb B. Fisher, dis- charged Dec. 16, '64, for wounds. Herbert M. Nogle, discharged May 29, '65, for wounds. Patrick DeLacy, promoted to sergt, maj. Oct. 6, '64. Corps.— Lewis J I =4* Klinfop, promoted corp. Feb. 20, '63; discharged on surg's certificate June 7, '65. Dwight Wolcott. Jona- than Long, Aug. 15, '63; drafted; promoted cbrp. Dec. 15, '64. John T. Cook, promoted corp. Apr. i, '65. Jacob Bonawitz, promoted corp. June i, '65. William R. Loop, promoted corp. June i, '65. Eli K. Keeler, discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 27, '64. John Sanns, discharged Feb. 7, '65, for wounds. Edward G. Palmer, killed at Spottsylvania C. H., Va., May to, '64, Michael O'Brien, not on' muster out roll. Musicians — James Maxwell. John Hazeltine, Oct. 7, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 1 9, '64. Privates. — Henry Anderson; discharged May 3, '65, for wounds. Joseph J. Anhoiser; tranferred to Battery B 43d Pa. Feb. 25, '6t,. William D. Alden; died at Philadelphia June 1, '64. George Barnes. Aaron Bel- las. Nicholas Bertley. William Bonawitz, Sept. 16, '62; Conrad Buntry, Mar. 8, '65. John A. Burd, Aug. 15, '63: drafted; -killed at North Anna river. May 23, '64. Jo- seph Bellas; died June 29, of wounds received in action June 25, '64. Thomas Baittan, Aug. 15, '63; drafted; died Dec. 30, '63, at Richmond, Va. Peter Brennan; de- serted Sept. 79, '62. Isaac Bowkley; deserted Nov. 4, '62. Andrew Bird; deserted Oct. 4, '62. John Beiler, Aug. 20, '63; drafted; deserted Nov. ^, '63. William Cuddy. Daniel Craig. Thomas Caton. James Con- inghara, Sept. 7, '63; drafted. Henry Caton; trans- ferred to Battery B, 43d Pa., Feb. 25, '63. Jesse G. Cal- vin; deserted Sept. 19, '62. Edward Comfort; deserted Sept. 12, '62. John Duffy. John Dunn, July 17, '6y, drafted. Charles Dutter. Christopher Deal, Sept. 8, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate June 12, '65. John V. Dye, Aug. 15, '6y, discharged on surg's certifi- cate Apr. 22, '64. Isaiah Deets; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov. 28, '6t,. Patrick Dearkins; trans- ferred to U. S. A. Feb. 4, '63. George W. Engle; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; discharged Aug. 25, '65. William Everett. Eben Forbs, Aug. 22, '64. Abraham Featherman. Rudolph Fenner, Dec. 8, '62; substitute. Adam Fisher, Aug. 19, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Dec, 22, '6t,. George W. Fine; trans- ferred to 43d Pa. Feb. 25, '63. James Flannery; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 12, '63. Clarkson J. Fry, Dec. 8, '62; substitute; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, '63. Conrad Farlding, Sept. 8, '63; drafted; de- serted Nov. 2, '63. Jacob Gregory; deserted Jan. 28, '63. John Honneywell. Perry Hetzler; Mar. 6, '65. Samuel Hess. William J. Henry, Sept. 18, '6y, drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Nov, 27, '67,. Alonzo J. Holden; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 5, '63. John Hivish; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 19, '64. Philip Hoffman, Sept. 8, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 11, '64. William Henry, Sept. 7, '63; transferred to department southwest Apr. 18, '64; discharged Sept. 4, '65. David Hicks, Aug. 17, '63; drafted; killed in action June 19, '64. Oliver Heeter; died at Richmond, Va., Jan. 10, '65. Sterling Hays; died Jan. 10, '64, at Richmond, Va. John Henderson; deserted Sept. 19, '62. John Herrick; deserted Jan. ro, '6y Sylvester Heller; transferred to U. S. A. Feb. 2, '63. James Hays; transferred to U. S. A. Feb. 6, '63. James Huston, Feb. 24, '65; not on muster out roll. Abraham N. Ide; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 16, '64. George Johnson, Sept. i, '6y, drafted. Isaiah Jones; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 27, '64. Jacob Keller; prisoner from May 5, '64, to Apr. 28 '65; discharged June 9, '65. Jacob Knight. Michael Kaheo; Oct. 4, '64. Levi Kinner; Mar. 16, 64. James Kelley ; transferred to veteran reserve corps. Mar. 16, 64; dishonorably discharged Oct. 12, '66, to date Apr. 8, '64. William Labach. Isaac La- bach. Charles Lowmiler; drafted. John Lester; wound- ed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. John Morgan; dis- charged Mar. 26, '64. Daniel Mock, Aug. 15, '63; draft- ed; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 0. '64. Isaac Montanye. Jacob and Philip Menny, Feb. 24, '65. Bernard Metzinger; discharged on surg's certificate, Apr. 19, 64. Daniel M'Neal.' Michnel M'Ginniss, Apr. 6, '64. Philip M'Daniel, Aug. 10, '63; drafted. William A. Noll. William Nelson, Sept. 7, '63; drafted; trans- ferred to U. S. navy Mar. 26, '64. John Orr. James Oplinger; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 18, '64. Charles Obitz; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Henry Puterbiugh, Mar. 16, '64; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. John Pauley; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 27, '64. James Pace; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov. 30, 63; dis- charged June 28, '65. John Pettenger; killed at (Get- tysburg, Pa., July I, '63. George Reuss; discharged on iiurg's certificate Mar. 20, '63. James Rilay; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. g. '63. David W. Remailey, Dec. 8, '62; substitute; discharged May 17, '65, for wounds. William Richardson, Sept. 7, '6y drafted; trans- ferred to U. S. navy Mar. 20, '64. John Rock, Sept. 4, '63; drafted; transferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. 30, '64. William Ramiller, Aug. 15, '63; transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 10, '64. Michael Ryan; de- serted Sept. 2, '62. John Steltz. Nautilus Slutter. Michael Schavil, Sept. r, '63. Frederick Schvvichard, Sept. I, '6y drafted; wounded at Spottsylvania Court- house., Va., May 12, '64. Samuel Swank and George J. Stibe, Aug. 15, '63; drafted. Paul Swingle, Mar. 7, '65. Peter Stroh, Feb. 23, '65. Leonard Shafer, discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 22, '64. Robert Stclts, Sept. 25, '62; died at Belle Plain, Va.. Mar. 20, '63. Calvin Slawbaugh, died July 13, of H-ounds received at Gettys- burg, Pa., July I, '63. James P. Smith, Sept. 8, '63; drafted; killed at North .\nna river, Va., May 23. '64. Thomas Shannahan, deserted Feb. 4, '63. John Schmidt, Sept. 7, '62; drafted; deserted Nov. 2, '63. J. Vander- mark, sen., not on muster out roll. Henry Williams, Aug. 28, '6y, drafted. Nicholas Warmoth. Charles Watson, Sept. 9, '63; drafted; missing in action Miy 25, '64. Benjamin D. Winn^ Sept. 19, '63; drafted; woun- ded at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. Alexander B. Wiley. Hiram L. Wiley, discharged on surg's certificate Mar, 27, '64. John Wells, Sept. 19, '63; drafted; killed at Spott- sylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. John \V. Ward, Sept. 21, '63; drafted; died May 12, of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Remus Ward, not on muster out roll. Martin Zimmerman, Sej)!, i, '63; draft- ed. Earhart Zanner, Aug. 27, '63; drafted; died Dec. 8, '63, at Paoli Mills, Va, COMPANY B. Officers. — Captains — Joseph H. Sornberger; discharged Feb. I, '63. Wm. G. Graham, promoted from ist lieut. Feb. 4, '63; discharged Oct. 26, '63. Jacob M. Lingfelter, promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. July r, '63; to ist lieut. Feb. 9, '64; to capt. Feb. 29, '64. First lieutenants — Asher M. Fell, promoted from 2nd lieut. Feb. 4, '63; discharged Dec. 3, '63. Ed. P. M'Creary, Sept. 6, '62; promoted from sergt. Company I Feb. 28, '64; discharged May s, '64. John M. Connor, Aug. 27, '62; promoted from sergeant major Sept. 18, '64. Second lieu- tenants — Paul R. Barrager, promoted from sergt. to ist sergt. Aug. 15, '63; 2nd lieut, Feb. 15, '64; discharged July 29, '64. Martin Chandler, promoted from corp. to sergt. Oct. 6, '6y, ist sergt. June 3, '64; 2nd lieut. Sept. 25, '64. First sergeants — John H. Ling- felter, promoted to sergt. Feb. '64; ist sergt., Sept. 25, H¥ 4¥r '64. Geo. W. Hopkins, promoted to sergt. Jan. 20, '6^; ist sergt. Feb. 28, '64; died of wounds received in action June 3, '64. Sergeants— DeWitt C. Grahawi, promoted Corp. Jan 15, '63; sergt. July 16, '64. Geo. Perry, pro- moted corp. Jan. 15, '63; sergt. July 16, '64 Avery Harris, promoted corp. Aug. 15, '64; sergt. Oct. 17, '64. Henry F. Bennett, promoted corp. Aug. 15, '63; sergt., Dec. 31, '64. N. W. Butterfield, promoted from corp. Feb. '64 ; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar., '65. Allen H. Collums, promoted from corp. Oct., '6^ ; transferred to signal corps Mar. 6, '64. Haddick SuUender; promoted from corp. Jan. 15, '63: died May 2, '63. George O. Fell; promoted corp. Jan. 15, '63; to sergt. Feb. 1, '63; died of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, '63. Henry E. Silvius; promoted sergt. Aug. 26, '63; died Oct. 6, '63. Owen Phillips; promoted corp. Jan. 15, '63; to sergt. July I, '63; died of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 9, '64. Corps. — William H. Cole; promoted corp. Aug, 15, '63; absent, sick, at muster out. Alvy G. Col- vin'; promoted corp. July 15, '64. Jeffrey Brandage; promoted corp. Aug. 31, '64. Anthony Clarkson; pro- moted corp. David R. Anthony; promoted corporal Nov. 10, '63. William T. Chandler; promoted corp. Dec. 15, '64. William Sweet; promoted corp. Apr. 15, '65. Leonard C. Wilbur; promoted corp. Apr. 15, '65; absent in hospital at muster out. Levi Silvius, promoted corp, Dec, '63; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 25, '65. Henry Ulrich; died July 12 of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Nathaniel H. Holly; pro- moted corp. Mch. I, '64; died of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 10, '64. John Richards; promoted corp. Mar., '64; died July 10, '64, of wounds received in action. Merritt J. Vail; promoted corporal July 15, '64; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Jan. 5, '65. Musicians — C. A. Sherman. H, C. Yarrington; pro- moted principal musician Mar. i, '65. Privates. — Augustus Atherton, promoted to com. sergt, June 7, '65, Alonzo Abers. Dexter Albright. Seth H Adams, prisoner from May 6, '64, to Feb. 26, '65; dis- charged on surg's certificate June 13, '65. Alonzo Albright, discharged on surg's certificate Jan 29, '63. Christian Amborg, drafted; captured; died at Salisbury, N, C, Nov, 6, '64. Thomas Anderson, died May 26, '63. Martin E. Baker, discharged on surg's certificate June 7, '65. Almond Baker, Feb. 29, '64. Anton Bucker, Sept. 14, '63; drafted. Patrick Burns, Sept. 8, '63; drafted. Payson Barrett, Apr. i, '65, George W, Brown, Mar, 2, '64; died Apr, 5, '64, Jacob Briner, Sept, 17, 'dy, drafted; died of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court- house, Va,, May 10, '64. George W. Brown, and Jacob Biddel, deserted Jan. 15, '63. George Bowen, Aug. 15, '64; deserted Apr. 14, '65. Frederick Baanson, Sept. 22, '63; drafted; deserted Oct. 26, '64. Henry Boatzee, Aug. 22, '63; drafted; deserted Oct. i, '63. M. F. Ben- nington, Aug. 22, '63; drafted; prisoner from May 21, '64, to Apr. 28, '65; discharged June 21, '65. Lewis Cortright. Ira Casner. William Cordner, Mar. 15, '64. Elijah Carpenter, Mar, 7, '65. Freeman Carpenter, Mar. 7, '65. Jesse Cobb, Mar. 2, '65. Melbourne Colvin, Mar. 9, '65. Aaron C. Clifford, discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 26, '64, Arvin G. Colvin; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga,, Aug. 25, '64. Lyman H. Clark, died of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. Albert B. Carpenter, captured; died at Ander- sonville, Ga,, Nov, 15, '64, Harding Carpenter, Mar, 7, '65; died at New York Mar, 26, '65, Frederick B, Chandler, William Clarkson, Henry Clark and Peter Conway, deserted Jan, 15, '65, Emanuel W, Deibler, Sept, 8, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's cer- tificate July 5, '65, Orlando Darron, Feb, 29, '64, Henry Deitrich, Mar, 7, '65, William Dowd, Mar, 7, '65, George M, Dopp; transferred to battery B, 43d Pa,, Jan, 9, '64. Aaron Deibler, Sept, 18, '63; drafted; died Nov. 1, '65. Benjamin Dauberman, Aug. 29, '63; drafted; deserted Oct., '63. Jeremiah Everson, Mar. 2, '65. Henry W. Feagly, Sept., '63; drafted. Charles H. Finch; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Jan., '64. Kind. L. Farn- ham, Aug. 26, '62; died Jan. 17, '64. William L. Felts, Mar. 2, '64; died of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. Elias Freeman; deserted Jan. 15, '63. William D. Green, Mar. 7, '65, James Galager, Mar. 2, '65. Eliphalet S. Gardner; deserted Jan. 15., '63. H. Hockenberry. Ira Hardy, Jan, 28, '64; substit- ute; discharged by special order. John H. Hunter. Thaddeus W. Hunter, Mar. 2, '64; 'veteran. Joseph Hughes, Sept. -'5, '63; drafted. Jacob Harker, Sept. 18, '63; drafted. George Hull, Mar, 2, '64; vet- eran. Frank E, Hull, Mar, 7, '65. James P, Hartley, Mar, 7, '65, Herbert L, Hall, Mar, 7, '65, Ferdinand J, Holford; transferred to Battery B, 43d Pa,, Dec, 28, '63, Henry Halkins, Sept, 25, '63; deserted Nov,, '63, Ste- phen R, Jordan; discharged on surg's certificate Mav 15, '65, Lysander S, Jordan; died of wounds received in action July 13, '64 Lorey Johnson, Feb, 29, '64; de- serted Dec. 13, '64, George Johnson, Mar. 2, '64; not nn muster out roll, William Kolir, Sept, 8, '63; drafted, Russell R, Knapp, Levi Kennedy, Mar, 7, '65. Thomas Kennedy; transferred to veteran reserve corps Feb,, '64. John Kennedy; died Oct,, '63, John E, Kink; died of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa,, July i, '63, Edgar Lindsly. Charles Lynch, Sept. 8, '63; drafted. Samuel F. Lingfelter, Mar, 2, '64; veteran, Jeptha Lewis, Mar, 10, '65, Charles Lake; discharged on surg's certificate Jan, 29, '(>T,. Henry P, Low; transferred to veteran re- serve corps Oct. I, '63, C, H, Lathrop; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov,, '64; discharged July 27, '65. Isaac Lebo, Sept. 18, '63; drafted; died Mar. 27, '64, Charles F, Lingfelter, Mar. 2, '64; died Sept. ig, '64, James Lannegan, Aug, 9, '64; not on muster out roll, George W. Miller, Mar, 8, '65. Stephen E, Miller; dis- charged on surg's certificate July 27, '65. John O, Miles; discharged on surg's certificate May 15, '65, John Mann, Sept, i, '63; drafted, Samuel Morningstar, Sept, 8> '6,'?; drafted, John Mahoney; discharged on surg's certificate Mar, 9, '63, Henry Musser; drafted; dis- charged May 19, '65, Charles Miller; drafted; trans- ferred to U, S, navy Apr,, '64, James L, Miles; died July 21, of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa,, July 2, '(>l. Erastus Markham; captured; died Dec, 25, '64. Philip Mark, Aug. 27, '63; drafted; cap- tured; died Aug. 27, '74, at Andersonville, Ga. Levi B. Miller, captured; died Aug. 15, '64, at Andersonville, Ga. Lewis M'Closkey, Mar. 10, '65. Hugh M'Glinn, Sept. 8, '63; drafted; captured; died Aug. 25, '64, at An- dersonville, Ga. Wm. M'Kivit, deserted Jan. 15, '65. Geo. S. Nicholson, substitute ; discharged Feb.,' '64. Christopher Powler, Aug. 22, '63; drafted. George L. Payne, Mar. 2, '64. Chester H. and Theodore F Pel- lett. Mar. 7, '65. William J. Piatt, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; prisoner from May 5, '64 to Feb. 27, "65; discharged on surg's certificate June 29, '65. George Patten, Mar. 31. '64; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. i, '65, Peter Patten, Mar. 2, '64; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 9, '65; discharged July 21, '65. Ichabod D Payne, Mar. 2, '64; died July 21, '64; buried at Point Lookout, Md. Thomas Philbine, Mar. 15, '64; died of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., '64. Thos.' O Rob- inson, May 28, '65. Judd Rosecrans. William and Peter Renehimer, Mar. 7, '65. Levi Rosecrans, Mar 9 65.^ Isaac Rankins, discharged on surg's certificate Apr' 25, 65. Thomas R. Russell, transferred to veteran re- ~-^ COMPANY C, ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-THIRD REGIMENT. 169 serve corps May 7, '64. H. H. Rivenburg, died June 26, '63. Ostraiider Richards, deserted Jan. 15, '63. Milo Stone, discharged on surg's certificate May 4, '65. John R. Smith, jr. Jacob H. Smith. Chistopher Shultz. George Simpson. Wm. D. Spencer, Mar. 7, '65. George S. Snover, Mar. 9, '65. John Sultzberger, Aug. 29, '63; drafted; captured at Weldon Railroad, Va., Aug. 21, '64. Charles H. Smith. Solomon Sutliff ; transferred to battery B, 43d Pa., Jan. 9, '64, R. Smith, sen., transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 29, '64. Pardon* H. Smith, died Jan. 2, '63. Jeremiah Smith, Mar. 7, '65; died Mar. 26, 65. William Seely, deserted Oct. II, '62. Horace Seamans and Samuel R. Stiles, de- serted Jan. 15, '63. Clement Shelraan, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; deserted Oct. 11, '63. John Truesdale. John H. Tate, Aug. 29, '63; drafted. Richard H. Taylor, Mar. 7, '65. Aaron C. Vanstork, captured; died at An- , dersonville, Ga., Dec. 10, '64. Frederick Wenrick, Sept. 7, '63; drafted. Andrew Waltjin, Aug. 21, '63; drafted. Truman Whipple, Mar. 2, '64. Ephraim Walker, Aug. 13, '63; drafted. Lewis H. Winters, Mar. 10, '65. Sam- uel J. Winters, Mar. 10, '65. Andrew E. Williams, dis- charged on surg's certificate May 19, '65. Lyman Weatherly, transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov., '63. Frank Williams, died May 13, '63. Lyman Young, de- serted Jan. 15, '63. COMPANY C. So large a proportion of this company was mustered in August 27th, 1862, that that date is to be understood where none is given. Officers. — Captain — George N. Reichard, promoted to lieut. col. June 8, '65. ist lieuts. — Charles B. Stout, dis- charged on surg's certificate Nov. 7, '64. Rufus W. Marcy, promoted from sergt. to and lieut. Sept. 25, '64; to 1st lieut. Nov. 28, '64. 2nd lieuts. — John C. Cropp, killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Max Burkhart, promoted from sergt. Dec. 3, '64. ist sergts. — John Neuer, promoted to corp. Sept. 25, '64. John M. Con- nor, promoted sergt. maj. Dec. i, '63. Sergts. — Thomas Dakin. Henry Frantz, promoted from corp. Dec. 2, '64; prisoner from Aug. 21, '64, to May 21, '65. Charles S. Gabel, promoted from corp. Mar. i, '64. Joel S. Lynn, promoted from corp. Dec. 3, '64; wounded at Hatcher's Run, Va., Feb. 7, '65; discharged on surg's certificate June 7, '65. James M. Rutter, transferred to signal corps Mar. 14, '64. Corps. — Hiram Kitchen, promoted corp. Jan. 24, '63. Jacob M. Lynn, promoted corp. Oct. I, '63. George Kindra, promoted corp, Jan. 10, '64. Edwin H. Groff, promoted corp. Jan. 10, '65. George W. Keller, promoted corp. Sept. 28, '64. N. F. Land- messer, promoted corp. Oct. 3, '64. John R. Morris, promoted corp. Jan. 6, '65. David Warner, promoted Corp. Jan. 10, '65. George Dietrick, discharged Apr. 23, '64, of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, '62,. Benjamin D. Vanetter, promoted corp.; died at Washing- ton, D. C, Jan. 19, '63. George H. Maginnis, promoted corp,; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. John M'Clellen, promoted corp.; died at Washington, D. C, Nov. 21, '64. Musicians — John Gray. Asa L. Gardner, transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 29, '64; dis- charged June 29, '65. Privates. — Grove B. Adams. Jeremiah Angst. Charles J. Allen, Sept. 7, 'dy. drafted. John A. Adams, Sept. 8, 63; drafted. John R. Allen, Mar. 11, '64. Jacob Bergold. Charles C. Betterly. Henry Barnhart, •^"g- S7 '63, drafted. John Brown, Sept. 7, '63; drafted, Byron Brock, Sept. 9, '63; drafted. Charles Bramer, Sept. 16, '63; drafted. Henry Brady, Aug. 9, 63; drafted. Morris Brush, Aug, 6, '64. Daniel Bethleham, Sept. 4, 22 '63;^ drafted; discharged Oct. 7, '(it,. John Bennett, Sept. 17, '63; drafted; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 28, '65; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 6, '65. Jacob Blain, died at Washington, D. C, Dec. 1 1, '62. Charles S. liertels, killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Benjamin Ballinger, Aug. 10, 'ty, drafted; died July 19, '64, of wounds received at Petersburg, Va., June 16, '64. Thomas Berger, deserted Feb. 10, '63. Thomas Bony, deserted Feb. 5, 'di,. Miles Banett, Dec. 4, '62; substi- tute; deserted Feb. 3, 'd^,. John Conly. Francis Collins, Sept. 7, '63; drafted; Henry S. Cox, transferred to Bat- tery B 43d Pennsylvania, Jan, 6, '64. Lewis Constine, died of wounds received accidentally May 18, '63. Alex- ander Cragle, died May 26, 'C>t,. Wilson B. Connor, Dec. 4, '62; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Horace H. Dennis, Charles Davis, Harry Daniels, Simpson Delong. Benjamin Devans, missing in action at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 18, '64. Edward G. Derr, Aug. i8, '63; drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va,, May 5, ^4; died May 23, '64; buried at Locust Grove Hospital cemetery. Henry H. Depish, Sept. 9, '63; drafted. Luke A. Deloyier, Sept. 8, '63; drafted. Joseph Dotter. discharged Dec. 9, '64, for wounds, with loss of arm, received at Petersburg, Va. Avey Dilley, died at Wash- ington, D. C, Nov. 2, 'bT,, of wounds. James Digman, deserted Sept. 3, '62. Oliver H. Eckert. Jacob Emeret, Sept. 4, '63; drafted. Albert Eyler, Sept. 12, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 21, '64; died Apr. 27, '64. George W. Engle, transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 26, '64; discharged July 3, '65. John C. Fritz. Jesse Fairchild. Levi S. Grubb, Aug. 10, '63; drafted. Richard Green, Aug, 15, '63; drafted. Frederick Grossman, Apr. 4, '64; missing in action at Wilderness, Va,, May 6, '64. Andrew Gear- litz, deserted Feb. 5, '63. C. D. W. C. Hoover, transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged. July 17, '65. Frank Hawrecht. John S. Hetrick, Sept. 8, '63; drafted. John E. Hoff, Sept. 12, '63; drafted; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 28, '65; dis- charged July 17, '65. Elijah Huntzman; deserted Feb. S, '63. Francis Inlow, Feb. 25, '65. D. W. Scott Jones. William Keating, jr. William Rating. Joseph Knarr. George K, Knarr; died at Alexandria, Va., Nov. 7, '67,. John Law, Aug. 7, 'by, drafted. James Lynch; died at Philadelphia, Pa., July 6, '64. Samuel A. May. Sebas- tian Myer; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. George H. Meloy, Aug. 7, '63; drafted. Solomon Mil- ler, Aug. 18, 'by drafted. John Miller; discharged on surg's certificate June 7, '63. William Moss; transferred to Battery B, 43d Pa,, Jan. 6, '64, Alexander S. Miller; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 26, '64. Samuel S. Miller; deserted Feb. 5, '63. Daniel M'Elvain, Aug. 7, '63; drafted. John E. M'Mullen, Feb. 25, '65. Al- fred M'Guier and A. W. Newcomb; transferred to Bat- tery B, 43d Pa,, Jan. 6, '64. Bradley Parish; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 25, '63. George Piatt; died Nov. 28, 62. Eugene Penfield, Sept. 12, '63; drafted; deserted Oct. 23, '63, Jesse B. Runk, Aug. 13, '63; drafted; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Emanuel Richard; drafted. William W. Reller; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 28, '64; discharged Nov. 22, '65. James R. Rennard; transferred to vete- ran reserve corps Jan. 28, '64; discharged July 13, 65. Charles S. Shotten; discharged May 19, '65. David Shipps. Reuben L. Searfoss. John R. Stevens. Jacob Smyser, Aug. 7, '63; drafted; captured at Weldon Railroad, Va., Aug, 21, '64. John Slonicer, Aug. 12, 'by prisoner from Aug. 21, '64, to May 21, '65, Malchia Summers, Aug. 7, '63; drafted; transferred to veteran re- serve corps; discharged July 28, '65. William Smith, Mar, 19, '64; captured at Weldon Railroad, Va., Aug. 21 -p=^^ it 170 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. '64. William Scott, transferred to Battery B, 43d Pa., Jan, 6, '64. Moses T. Smith, died at Baltimore, Md., July IS, of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Jacob Strous, killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July r, '63. Wil- iiam H. Swayer, Aug. 13, '63; drafted; died May 15, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 12, '64. Jacob Sutton, Sept. 12, '63; drafted; captured; died at Richmond, Va., Mar. 18, '64. Morris Simonson and Leander Simonson, deserted J.in. 10, '63. Samuel Swainbank, deserted Feb. 5, '63. John Severns and Wil- liam A. Snyder, deserted Feb. 3, '63. George C. Tucker, transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged June 17, '65. Jeremiah Vanbuskirk. M. Whitebread. John B. Witman, Sept. g, '63; drafted. H. P. Witaker, Aug. 15, '63; drafted. Joseph Wetler, Mar. i6, '64; killed at North Anna River, Va., May 23, '64. Robert M. Wes- brook, Sept. 8, '63; drafted; killed at Petersburg, Va., June 19, '64. J. H. Zimmerman. H. A. Zimmerman. COMPANV D. September 6th, 1862, was the date when most of the members of this company were mustered in, and will be understood where none is given. Officers. — Captains — George E. Hoyt; promoted lieut- col. Nov. 8, '62. Asher Gaylord; promoted from 2nd lieut- Nov. 3, '62; killed at Hacher's Run, Va., Feb. 7, '65. Milton T. Bailey; promoted from sergt. to and lieut. Feb. 12, '64; capt.. May 20, '65; prisoner from Aug. 21, '64, to Feb. 22, '65. First lieutenants — James A. Raub; re- signed Dec. 28, '62. Hiram H. Travis; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Nov. 3, '62; ist lieut. Aug. 22, '63; resigned Dec. 2g, '63. George A. Reese; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Sept. 20, '63; ist lieut. Jan. 22, '64; discharged Mar. 30, '65. Wilbur F. Ricej promoted from ist Sergt. May 24, '65; prisoner from July 1 to Sept. 29, '63. Second lieutenant, Patrick De Lacy, Aug. 26, '62; promoted from sergt. maj. May 24, '65. First sergeant, George N. Foster; promoted from sergt. May 22, '65. Sergeants — William S. Frantz; promoted corp. Dec. 9, '63; sergt. Dec. i, '64. Thomas A. Daily; pro- moted corp. Aug. I, '64; sergt. Dec. i, '64. Chester B. Neely; promoted from private May 22, '65. Jacob W. Burke; promoted se-gt. maj. May 16, '65. Prichard Gaines; died at Port Royal, Va., May 26, '64, of wounds received in action. Edgar Rice; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. Corporals — Wesley Slocum; promoted corp. Dec. 9, '63. Thomas Shaw; prisoner from July i to Sept. 29, '68; promoted corp. Dec. i, '64. Ausker Lutsey; pro- moted corp. Dec. i, '64; mustered' out with company June 12, '65. William A. Tawney, Aug. 12, '63; drafted; pro- moted corp. Dec. i, '64. Joel C. Scaddin; promoted corp. Dec. i, '64. George Slocum, Sept. 5, '64; promoted corp. Dec. i, '64. William Griffith, Sept. 5, '64 ; promoted corp. Dec. i, 64. George W. Wise; promoted corp. May 3, '65. Cyrus Rumage; promoted corp; discharged May 15, '65. Ben- nett Marcy; transferred to signal corps Jan. 22, '64. Gorden L. Abijah; deserted Nov. 9, '63. Musicians — John C. P. Little. Leander Sloat, Mar. 29, '64; dis- charged on surg's certificate July 5, '65. Privates. — Lyman Atherholt; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Mar. 8, '63. George W. Alter; deserted Feb. 2 '63. Jacob Buffington, Sept. 7, '63; drafted. Thomas' Bailey, Aug. 29, '63; drafted. Henry Badigan, Aug. 28, '63; drafted. Samuel Bowman, Aug. 17, '63; drafted; wounded May 14, '64; absent at muster out. Fleming Betts, Sept. 21, '63; drafted. Ephraim Bowman, Aug. i7> '63- Joseph F. Bastine, Sept. 2r, '(>t,; drafted; dis- charged on surg's certificate Mar., '64. John F. Bupp, Sept. 21, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 28, '64. William B. Bacon, Aug. 15, '63; drafted; died Dec. 14, '64. Michael Burk and Michael Barrett, Dec. 4, '62; deserted Feb. 5, '63. Benjamin Betts; deserted Jan. 28, '63. Charles Bisbing, Dec. 4, '62; substitute; deserted Dec. 31, '62. Amos Bisbing; deserted Dec. 31, '62. Lorenzo J. Curtis; jjrisoner from May 5 to Dec. 6, '64. George Covert, Mar. 17, '64. Madison M. Covert, Mar. 15, '64. Samuel Cordenman, Aug. 15, '63; drafted. Charles F. Cook; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 16, '63. Lemuel Closs; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 26, '64. Wesley Creigle; died Aug., '63, of wounds received in action. George Chamberlain; died at Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 20, '63, of wounds received in action. Oscar D. Case; deserted Jan. 31, '(it,. George W. Derr, Sept. 21, '63; drafted. Albert Edwards. Frank- lin Edwards; captured at Weldon railroad, Va., Aug, 21, '64; died at Salisbury, N. C, Jan. 7, '65. Emanuel Fink, Aug. 25, 'dy, drafted; died at Culpepper Court house, Va., Mar. 15, '64. Milton Frantz; deserted Jan. 10, '63. John Fox; deserted Oct. 8, '62. Amos Geer. George W. Gardiner, Dec. 4, '62. Samuel Ga- laspie, Aug. 12, '63; died at Washington, D. C, Aug. 6, '64. Chester B. Gorden; died at Windmill Point, Va., June TO, 'b'^. William Gross, Sept. 2, '63; drafted; de- serted May 6, '65. Owen Hughes, Sept. 6, '63; drafted; transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged Aug. 21, '65. Charles Hall, Aug. 15, dy, drafted. Charles Hoover. Albert Hockenbury. John Hughey. Henry Hawk. Andrew J. Hughey; discharged on surg's certi- ficate Aug. 22, '63. Philip Hines; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 11, '65. Patrick Heart; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 25, '64; discharged June 29, '65. George R. Hunlock; transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 4, '64; discharged June 28, '65. James Hoover; transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharsed Oct. 28, '65. Abraham Hughey; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 10, '64. George W^ Hoover; died at Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 16, '63, of wounds received in action. Benneville Heffner, Sept. 5, '63; killed at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, '64. John Hobaugh, Aug. 12, '63; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Sept. 21, '64. W. L. Hockenbury, Mar. 30, '64; not on muster out roll. James Jaquish. David Johnson. Benjamin N. Jenkins; transferred to Battery B 43d Pa. Jan. 6, '64. George Knorr, Sept. 7, '63; drafted. Joseph Kunkle, Aug. 12, '63; drafted. William J. Klasprath ; discharged by special order. David Keister, Sept. i, '63; drafted; died at Washing- ton, D. C, May 28, '64, of wounds. John Lorkenbaugh, Aug. 12, 'dy drafted. Augustus Line, Aug. 28, '63; drafted; absent, sick, at muster out. Alexander La- mourex; captured at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63; died at Belle Plain, Va., Oct. 20, '63. George Lamourex; de- serted Jan. 17, 'dy returned Jan. 15, '64; transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged Aug. 21, '65. Samuel R. Laply; Apr. 12, '64; prisoner from May 5 to Sept. 24, '64. George W. Little. David Lapley; Mar. 29, '64; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64; died at Ander- sonville, Ga., Feb. 7, '65. William H. and Stephen H. Leonard; deserted Nov. 7, '62. Joseph R. Lamourex; deserted Jan. 30, '62. Reuben H. Leonard; not on mus- ter out roll, James Muchler. Joseph Miers, Apr. 14, '64. Joseph Montague; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, '63. David Morgan; deserted Jan. 28, '63. John M'Grath. Isaac Nelson, Aug. 31, '65; drafted. Syl- vester Nolen, Sept. 16, '63; drafted; discharged Dec. 31, '63. Ira Neely; deserted Dec. 31, '62. Robert J. Orr. William R. Palmer, Mar. 31, '64; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., Mays, '64. Timothy Powell; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Aaron Porter. John P. Pridgens, Sept. 16, '63; transferred to Army of T^ =^^ ^> -><> COMPANIES D AND E, ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-THIRD REGIMENT. 171 Northwest Apr. 26, '64; discharged Sept. 4, '65. Alfred Palmer, Sept. 4, '6;^; drafted; captured; died at Ander- sonville, Ga., Sept. 19, '64. James A. Roat. Ira Ran- som. Richard Randall. William L. Rummege, Dec. 4, 'u2. William Rosengrant, Mar. 31, '64. William F. Rugg, Mar. 30, '64. George Row, Aug. 29, '63; drafted; prisoner from May 27, '64, to Apr. 28, '65; discharged May 31, to date May 20, '65. John Reese, Sept. 5, '63; drafted. Oliver P. Reese, Oct. 17, '63; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. g, '65. Elias H. Robbins; trans- ferred to Battery B 43d Pa. Jan. 6, '64. Collins A. Rice; deserted Jan. 30, '63. Joseph Siegler, Sept. 7, '63, and Jacob Stichler, Sept. 4, '63; drafted. William Schooly. Daniel A. Sinclair; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Wayman Scaddin. Joshua Swingle. Andrew J. Shonk; deserted Oct. 26, '64; returned Jan. 21, '65. Pat- rick Smith; deserted Feb. 5, '63; returned Apr. 24, '64. Ira G. Sutton, Dec. 4, '62; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Dec. 21, '63. Major Sorber; died Aug. 12, of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Daniel K. Swartz, Sept. 7, '63; drafted; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house May 9, '64. William Skaddin, Mar. 14, '64; drafted; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Peter Santee and William Sorber; deserted Jan. 17, '63. Eldad Turner. Charles J. Turpin; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 28, '6;^. B. D. Thompson, Sept. 2, '63; drafted; deserted Oct. 9' '64. Cor Van Buskirk. Elijah C. Vanloon; transferred to veteran re- serve corps. William J. Vanscoten; deserted. Theophi- lus Westover. William Welker, Sept. 8, '63; drafted. Alexander Warring, Aug. 13, '63, and Ralph Williams, Sept. 14, '63; drafted. Ezra W. Wilkinson. Israel Wil- lis, Dec. 4, '62; discharged May 15, '65. Horace M. Welsh, Feb. 23, '65. William H. White; discharged on surg's certificate. Charles Williams; transferred to vet- eran reserve corps Jan. 25, '64. Alonzo F. White; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps. John Yeager, Sept. 13, '63; drafted; died at Bristoe Station, Va. COMPANY E. Officers. — Captain — M. Lewis Blain. First lieutenants — Zebulon M. Ward; resigned Jan. 14, '63. Ezra S. Griffin; promoted from 2nd lieut. Jan. 30, '63; died July ir, '64, of wounds. H. N. Greenslitt; promoted from ist sergt. to 2nd lieut. Dec. 13, '64; ist lieut. Apr. 4, '64. Second lieutenants — William La France; promoted from ist sergt. Feb. 2, '62; commissioned ist lieut. July 27, '64; not mustered; discharged Nov. 16, '64. Levi B. Tomp- kins; promoted from sergt. Apr. 4, '65. First sergeant, David C. Sterling; promoted from sergt. Dec. 31, '64. Sergeants — Francis E. Secor; promoted from priv. to corp. Mar. 11, '63; sergt. Oct. 26, '64. William H. Hard- ing; promoted from priv. to corp. Jan. 25, '64; sergt. Dec. 13, '64. Ira Hinkley; promoted from priv. to corp. Feb. 15, '64; sergt. Feb. 23, '65. Samuel Rogers, Dec. 4, '62; substitute; promoted to corp. Oct. 26, '64; sergt. Apr. 4, '65. Ashbel F. Hobbs; transferred to veteran reserve corps June, '64. William S. Young; died Feb. 28, '63, at Belle Plain, Va. Cornelius Riley; died May 6, '64, of wounds. Benjamin H. Crippen; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, '63. Corporals— Roger W. Cox; promoted corp. Oct. 26, '64. Daniel Hunt; promoted corp. Oct. 26, '64. William Matthias, Dec. 4. '62; promoted corp. Feb. IS, '64; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., Mays, '64. Amos Washer; promoted corp. Dec. 31, '61. John Otto, Aug.i8,'63,and William Taylor, Aug. 13, '63; drafted; promoted corp. Apr. 24, '65. Welcome Johnson; dis- charged Jan. 19, '64, for wounds, with loss of leg, receiv- ed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Robert L. Follet; died Jan. 19, '63, at Washington, D. C. Henry La France; died June 15, '64. Nelson Stevens; died June 22, '63. Charles T. Smith; died June 15, '63. Earnest K. Knierim; promoted corp.; died at York, Pa., Oct. 3, of wounds received at Gettysburg July i, '63. Ephraim Sterling; died Aug. 12, '64, of wounds received in action, George M. D. Secor; promoted corp.; died May 5, '64, of wounds. Gottlieb Kennich; promoted corp.; captured; died Oct. 20, '64. Andrew Bisecker; promoted corp.; deserted Dec. 22, '64. Musician, William A. Keene. Privates. — Benjamin Aston, Aug. 13, '63; drafted. Benjamin F. Allen, Aug. 15, '63; drafted. William Albro, Dec. 4, '62; substitute; died at Hart's Island, N. Y., Mar. 16, '65. Thomas Aumick and Carey D. Au- mick; deserted Jan. 29, '63. Philip W. Bunn. Hebron V. Bogart, Dec. 4, '62. Adam E. Bankeys, Sept. i, '63; drafted; discharged by special order. Jacob Betz, Aug. 15, '63; drafted. Frank Barringer, Mar. 22, '64. Daniel S. Burner, Feb. 28, '65. Henry Briggs, Sept. 3, '63; drafted; discharged May 3, '65. John Blake, Sept. 3, '()2,\ drafted; died of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May s, '65. Henry V. Brooks, Sept. 3, '63; drafted; died July 25, '64, of wounds. Robert Booth, Sept. 17, '63; drafted; died Nov. 14, '63. M. Bumgardner, June i, '63; drafted; died June 28, '64, of wounds. Benjamin F. Bonham; deserted June 17, '63. Thomas Brown; deserted Oct. 4, '63. Derby Clark, wounded. Samuel W. Clark, Sept. 9, '(it,. Daniel N. Cupp, Sept. 17, '(>i, and John R. Cramer, Sept. 9, '63; drafted. Robert M. Gary. Thomas Cupp, Sept. 5, '63; drafted; discharged May 3, '65. James Colwell; died Mar. 18, '63, at Belle Plain, Va. Frederick H. Carey; deserted Dec. 29, '64. Livingston Dennis. John A. Dolph; captured; dis- charged July I, 'ds- Jacob Detraoler, Sept. 22, 'dy, draft- ed. Peter Depew; Feb. 28, '6s. James Devitt, Dec. 4, '62; substitute; transferred to veteran reserve corps Aug. 20, '62. Thomas Davis; died of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. John Davis, Sept 17, '63; drafted; died Sept. 13, '64, of wounds. Thurston Dick- inson; died of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, '(>i. George Funk, Aug. 13, '63, and James Geary, Sept. 22, '63; drafted. Frederick Gorham, Feb. 28, '65. John Gorham, Dec. 4, '62; substitute; transferred to U. S. A. Feb. 3, '63. James Hinkey. Benjamin H. Hay- den. Palvin P. Hammond, Sept. 9, '63; drafted; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Philip Horn- baker; Feb. 28, '65. Noah Headen, Sept. 14, '63; draft- ed; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 20, 64. Charles E. Hutchins; transferred to veteran reserve corps Feb. 13, '63; discharged June 28, '65. David Hendershot. died of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, '63. George M. Hatherill, died of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. John Heiser, Sept 14, '63; drafted; died June 24, '64, of wounds. David Hockenbury; deserted Oct. 2S, '62. Joseph W. Jackson, Mar. 2, '64. John W. Jackson, Sept. 3, '63; drafted; discharged Sept. 4. '6S- James H. Kilmer, Wesley Knapp and John Knockey, Sept. 3, 'dy, drafted. John M. Kelly; Sept. 29, '64. Jay Knickerbocker; transferred to Company B 19th regiment veteran reserve corps, Oct., '64; discharg- ed July 13, '65. George A. Kiliner; transferred to U. S. A. Feb. 8, '63. John J. Lehman, Sept. 7, '63; drafted; prisoner from Oct. 14, '64, to Apr. 21, '65; discharged May 18, '65. Samuel F. Lingfelter, Dec. 4, '62; substi- tute; discharged Aug. 22, '63. Josiah L. Lewis; pro- moted to hospital steward Oct. i, '63. Shem Lloyd; de- serted Jan. 18, '63. John E. Morgan. William Morgan. Joseph Martin, Aug. 14, '63, and William H. Miller, Sept. 17, '63; drafted. Westbrook Merring; Feb. 28, '63. Henry Meadons; Sept. 19, '63; drafted; discharged May 16, '65, for wounds received at North Anna River, Va., n¥ <¥ 4= May 23, '64. George Muchler; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 15, '64. Michael Morrison; deserted Oct. 29, '62. Casper Myers; deserted Nov. 6, '62. John A. Martin, Dec. 4, '62; substitute; deserted Jan. 18, '6^. Arthur Maley; transferred to U. S. A. Feb. 3, '63. John M'Vey; June 3, '64. Abraham M'Graw; died of wounds May s, '64. Edward M'Carty; deserted May i, ^65. Benjamin M'Elroy, Aug. 17, '63; deserted May 29, '65. John Nolan, Sept. 21, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 13, '64. William Nyman, Aug. 27, '6y, drafted; discharged June 21, '65, for wounds received at Spottsyivania Court-house, Va. Hiram Oakley; Oct. 20, '62. John Patterson, Sept. 18, 63; drafted. David Patterson, Feb. 28, '65. George Rodimer. Thomas Richards. Adam Rinehart, Sept. 18, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. i, '65. Adam Richardson, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; died at Ander- sonville, Ga., Oct. 27, '64. Charles P. Russell, discharged May 31, '65. William Rodemire, died at Hyde Park, Pa., Nov. 15, '62. David Richards, died at Anderson- ville, Ga., Aug. '64. Benjamin F. Redick, Aug. 31, '6y, drafted; died. Isaac Reed, June, '63; drafted died of wounds received at Spottsyivania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Christian Rock, deserted Oct. i, '62. Jeffries Ringsdorf, transferred to U. S. A., Feb. 8, '63. David Reese, deserted Jan. 29, '63. Joseph E. Ruple, deserted Oct. 25, '62. Charles Sayers, dishonorably discharged Feb. 13, '63. Comfort Scull. Thomas Somers. Albert Sertz, Aug. 25, '63; drafted. George P. Shilitto, Aug. 12, '63, drafted. Robert Sherwood, Mar. 22, '64. John Skinner, Feb, 21, '65. Joseph Swank, Mar. 7, '65. Cor- nelius Short, died of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, '63. Joseph Seip, deserted Aug. 15, '63. Frederick A. Theirs, Aug. 24, '6y, drafted. S. W. Thompson, June, '63; drafted: wounded at Wilder- ness, Va., May 5, '64. George W. Tripp, missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. William H. Turner, Feb. 28, '65. Ira Tinklepaugh, Feb. 28, '65. Joseph Umberger, Sept. 14, '6y, drafted. Theodore Utt, Mar. 2, '65. Lewis Vansickle. Daniel Vanluvender. D. Vanluvender. Stephen Varner, Feb. 21, '65. William B. Washner. Amos F. Williams. Nathan Wheeler. Francis Wheeler. Jacob O. Williams, discharged May 9, '64, for wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Elhannan W. Wert, promoted com. sergt. July 17, '64. William D. Warfel, promoted Q. M. sergt. Oct. i, '63. Christian Wart, died at Andersonville, Ga., Aug, 22, '64. George W. Walker, died of wounds received at Wilder- ness, Va., May 6, '64. Loren B. Wickizer, deserted Nov. 7, '62. William Walker, transferred to U. S. A. Feb. 8, '63- COMPANY F. The members of this company were so generally mus- tered in September 8th, 1862, that that date may be as- sumed where none appears. Officers. — Captains — Henry M. Gordon, Sept, 13, '62; promoted from ist lieut. May 8, '65. William A. Tubbs| Sept. 13, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 15, '64. ist lieut., Robert P. Crockett, Sept. 13, '62; promoted from 2nd lieut. June 23, '64. 2nd lieuts., Nathaniel J. M. Heck, Sept. 13, '62; promoted to sergt. Dec. i, '62; to ist sergt.; 2nd lieut, Dec. 17, '64. Charles H. Campbell; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. July i, '64; adj. Dec! 13, '64. ist sergts, — Hiram Campbell; promoted from corp. to sergt, Feb. 28, '63; ist sergt, Dec, 17, '64 David P. Good; died at Wind Mill Point, Va., June 7, '63. Sergts. — Stephen H. Bonham; promoted from corp. Aug. 25, '63. Alexander S, M'Dannels; promoted from corp. May 5, '64. John M. Culver; prisoner from July i to Sept. 28, '63; promoted from corp. Sept. i, '64, Jonas B. Hoppus; promoted corp. Jan. 25, '64; to sergt. Jan. I, '65. Dyier C. Moss; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Jan. 9, '63. Levi Arnold; transferred to vet. sran reserve corps Oct. 28, '6y discharged May 17, '65. William H. Thompson; died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 21, '63. Gris. C. Benscoter; promoted from private; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Corporals — Jacob H. Maze, Dec. 4, '62; promoted corp. Jan. i, '63; dis- charged June 26, '65. James Kester; promoted corp. Jan. 23, '64. John R. Seward; promoted corp. Jan. 25, '64; priisoner from May 5 to Dec. 14, '64. James R. Dod- son; promoted corp. May 5, '64. John Scott; promoted corp. Aug. I, '64. Jonas C. Tubbs; prisoner from July 1 to Aug. 26. '64; promoted corp. Oct. i, '64. James W. Rood, Sept. 12, '62; prisoner from July i to Sept. 28, '63; promoted corp. Dec. 17, '64. S. M. Blanchard, Sept. 12, '62; promoted corp'. Jan. r6, '65. James Roberts; dis- charged Jan. 16, '65, for wounds. Daniel L. Schaffer; promoted corp.; died Jan. 17, '64, at Culpepper Court- house, Va. Musicians — Singleton M. Goss. Austin Sloat, Mar. 29, '64. Privates. — Asa R. Allen. Henry Asner, Sept. 8, '63; drafted. John E. Adams, Sept. 8, '63; discharged May 17, '65. Sol. E. Adieman; transferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. 17, '64; discharged July 13, '65. David Armstrong, Aug. 2, 'by drafted; died at City Point, Va., July 19, '64. William Bower, Sept. i, '63; drafted; pris- oner from Oct. 17, '64, to Mar. 12, '65; discharged June 29, '65. William H. Beagle, Aug. 13, '63; drafted. Josiah Bisher, Dec. 4, '62. C. L. Benscoter, Apr. i, '64. Anthony Boyer; transferred to veteran reserve corps June 18, '6t,. John N. Bonh.nm; transferred to veteran reserve corps. Benjamin Buttorf, Sept. 4, '63; drafted; transferred to United States navy Mar., '64. Charles Buckalew, Sept. 11, '62, and William Benscoter, killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '6-1,. Josiah Bear; died at Hart's Island, N,Y., May4,'65. John Bradly, Aug.13,'63; drafted; died at Bristoe Station, Va., Oct. 30, '63. Alex. Bonham, Mar, 5, '64; died at Washington, D,C,,Aug,7,'64, of wounds. Henderson Bonham, Apr. i, '64; captured; died at Dan- ville, Va., Aug. 19, '64. James Bidlar, Sept. 19, '63; drafted; killed at Hatcher's Run Feb. 6, '65. Thomas Barthurst, Sept. 4, '63; drafted; captured; died at Dan- ville, Va., Sept. 25, '64. Nicholas J. Cox, Aug. 15, '63; drafted; prisoner from May 5 to Dec. 9, '64. Patrick Colter, discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 26, '6^ Jasper N, Culver, Sept. 12, '62; discharged on surg's cer- tificate July 20, '63.. William Cremens, Aug. 24, '63; died at Fredericksburg, Va., May 15, '64, of wounds. Brazilia Cook, Sept. 12, '62; killed at Spottsyivania Court- house, Va., May 10, '64. Samuel W. Dodson. Danit-I Deater, Sept. 4, '(,y drafted. Christian Eichner, Sept. 7, '63; drafted; captured; died at Danville, Va., Aug. 28, '64. Aaron Freeman, transferred to veteran reserve corp.s, Dec. 18, '63; discharged July 5, '65. Thomas J. Uilmore, Sept. 25, '63; drafted; prisoner from May 5 10 Dec. 9, '64. Adam Hain, Sept. 5, '63; drafted. Jacob Hoppus. Wesley M. Harned, discharged May ic '6i; Adam C. Hazlett and Wm. M. Harvey, killed at Gettys- burg, Pa,, July I, '6^. Walter Hoffman, died at Alexan- dria Va,, June 20, '64, of wounds. J. H. Haybecker. died July 30, '64, of wounds. Wesley P. Hovt died at Danville, Va., Nov. 5, '64 Conrad Junker, discharged on surgs ceitificatejan. 18, '64, Norman D. Koons, Sept. 19 ,,,'^,', ' l^'^' discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 18, '64 William Kelly, Sept. 25, '63; drafted; transferred to vet COMPANIES F AND G, ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-THIRD REGIMENT. '73 Joseph Luderbauch. Araos W. Laning. Richard Latch- ford, Aug. 26, '63; drafted; captured; died at Anderson- ville, Ga., Oct. 11, '64. Simon Masters; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. William H. Masters. George W. Miller, sr.; prisoner from July i to Aug. 25, '6y, transferred to veteran reserve corps Apr. i, '65. James W. Moore, Apr. 15, '64; transferred to veteran re serve corps Apr. ig, '64; discharged Aug. 2, '65. Judson H. Marvin, Sept. 15, '62. John Moore, Aug. 13, '63; drafted. Charles L. Moore, Sept. 12, '62; discharged April 8, '65, for wounds received in action. William Miller; transfer- red to veteran reserve corps June 16, '64. Frederick Mentz, Sept. 14, '63; drafted; discharged Jan. 20, '65. Sylvester Masters; died at Washington, D. C, Oct. 29, '63. George F. Moore, Sept. 12, '62; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Ira R. Moss; died at Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 6, '64. Joseph W. H. Mulligan, Mar. 30, '64; died at Washington, Apr. 23, '64. Peter M'Afee, June 13, '64. Silas Nevel. Sidney Nafus. Alexander James Nevel, Dec. 4, '62; discharged Mar. 29, '65, for wounds, with loss of arm, received in action. Samuel H. Pile, Aug. 13, '63; drafted; died at Cold Harbor, Va., June 8, '64, of wounds. Samuel Peters, Sept. 9, '63; drafted; died at Danville, Va., Sept. 14, '64. Simon Remaly. Almond W. Rood. Ira Rood; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 12, '63. John Rood, Sept. r2, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Oct. 27, '64. Charles Rease, Aug. 26, '63; drafted; captured; died at Danville, Va., Sept. 5, '64. Samuel Simpson. Abile Sutliff, Sept. 13, '62. Sterling D. Sutliff. John Schechterly, Mar. 6, '65. Otis Sherwood, Aug. 13, '63; drafted. Charles Sanders, Aug. 24, '63; drafted; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Merrit W. Smith, Mar. 11, '64; discharged June 14, '65. Walter Salsman, Mar. '29, '64. Isaac Sink; discharged May 25, '65. Ashel Sutliff; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 7, '63. Thomas J. Stiles; transferred to veteran reserve corps Apr. 4, '64. John Smith, Aug. 24, '63; drafted; transferred to U. S. navy Mar., '64. Isaac Scott; died at Washington, D. C, Nov. 17, '62. Elisha Scott and Jesse B. Stackhouse; killed at Hatcher's Run, Va., Feb. 7, '65. George S. Seward; captured; died at Danville, Va., Nov. 12, '64. William J. Smith; Sept. 12, '62; died at Belle Plain, Va., Mar. 11, '63. George W. Solomon, Mar. 29, '64; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 11, '64. Jacob W. Titus. Matthias H. Traugh, Aug. 28, '63; drafted; captured; died at Danville, Va., Oct. i, '64. George W. Titus; died Aug. 15, '63, of wounds. Nicho- las Vanhorn. Stephen W. Vangelder. Elijah Wheeler. William Winchker; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 4, '64; discharged Aug. 11, '65. George Wildomer. Simon Wolf, Sept, 10, '62. Columbus Wiser, June 7, '63; drafted; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. Theodore F. Wolf, Sept. IS, '62; discharged on surg's certificate July 20, '63. Levi S. Weatherby, Dec. 4, '62; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 26, '64. John Wood- ruff, Mar 30, '64; died at Petersburg, Va., June 26, '64. COMPANY G. C#<:^ri.— Captains— Edward W. Wendell, Nov. 16, '62; discharged Nov. 19, '6;^. Daniel J. Morton, Sept. i8, '62; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Mar. 15, '64; capt. Sept. 25, '64. ist lieut,— George Collings, Oct. 10, '62; promoted from 2nd lieut. Nov. i, '63; commissioned capt. Nov. 2o,'63; not mustered; discharged Aug. 8, '64, L, R. Nicholson, Sept. 18, '62; died July T3, of wounds re- ceived at Gettysburg, Pa,, July i, '63, 2nd heuts.— .Al- fred Groff, Sept. 18, '62; promoted from sergt, Nov. i, '63; discharged May 8, '64. Frank H. Montonye, Sept. 18, '62; promoted from private to sergt. June 22, '63; ist sergt.; 2nd lieut. Dec. 2, '64. ist sergts.— Patrick Murphy, Sept. 18, '62; promoted from corp. to sergt. Oct. I, '62; 1st sergt.; commissioned 2nd lieut, Sept. 15, '64; not mustered; prisoner from May 5, '64, to May 20, '65. Jonas F. Westover, Sept. 29, '62; promoted from private to sergt. June 4, '65. Sergts. — William S. Ran- dall, Sept. 23, '62; promoted corp,; sergt. Feb. 10, '65. William W. Schooley, Sept. 23, '62; promoted from pri- vate; discharged June 13, '65, for wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. Joseph Norris, Sept. 18, '62; promoted corp.; sergt. Feb. 10, '65. William S. Leach, Sept. t8, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov. 15, '6^. Lloyd Harding, Sept. 18, '62; died at Washington, D. C, June 18, '63. William L. Dymond, Sept. 18, '62; killed at Hatcher's Run, Va,, Feb. 7, '65. Ozro Mandeville, Sept. 24, '62; deserted Oct. 15, '62. Corps. — Joseph Hoover, Sept. 18, '62; promoted corp. Feb 10, '65. James Kelly, Sept. 19, '62; promoted corp. Sept. 24, '6^; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64; discharged July 15, '65. Charles D. Kunkle, Oct. 10, '62; promoted corp. Dec. 10, '63. Charles H. Evans, Sept. 25, '62; promoted corp. Nov. 26, '64. Peter Hass, Sept. 18, '62; promoted corp, Jan, 4, '65. William Win- ters, Sept. 19, '62; promoted corp. June 10, '65. Thomas Lahr, Sept. 29, '62; promoted corp. Feb. 10, '65. George W. Thomson, June 18, '6;^; promoted from corp, June 4, '65. Lyman Harris, Sept. 24, '64; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Jan, 26, '65, Erastus Shafer, Sept. 18, '62; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. 13, '64. James Hogaraan, Sept. 18, '62; died at Washington, D. C, July 15, '63. William A. Harding, Sept. 18, '62; killed at Hatcher's Run, Va,, Feb, 6, '65, Daniel Wood, Sept, 18, '62; deserted Nov. 4, '62. Musicians — Andrew S. Chilcoate, June 18, '6^. Samuel C. Parks, Sept. 18, '62. Pi-ivates. — ^William Arnold, Aug. 12, '63; missing in action at Wilderness, " Va., May 5, '64. Lewis Arnold, Aug. 12, '63; wounded at North Anna river, Va., May 23, '64; discharged June 17, '65. Washington Bierbovver, Aug. 7, 'iiT,. Solomon Baker, Sept, 17, '63, Thomas P. Barringer and John Beam, Sept. 18, '62. Charles Bropst, Sept. 23, '62; wounded at North Anna river, Va., May 23, '64, Martin Browman, Sept, 4, '63; wounded Aug. 20, '64. Lewis Bentz, Sept, 12, '63. John Bricker, Aug. 15, '63; discharged Nov. 19, '63. George Brown, Sept. 18, '62; died at Washington, D. C, June 16, '63. Valen- tine Boyer, Aug. 13, '6y, died at Washington, D. C, Oct. 8, '63, John Bollinger, Sept, 17, '63; captured; died at Salisbury, N, C, Oct, 26, '64. Charles Beven, Sept. 19, '63; deserted Nov. 4, '62. Henry Belsia, Aug. 24, '63; deserted Apr. 20, '64. Charles Corson, Aug. 15, '63. James M. Chapman, Sept. 17, '(ly, discharged May 25, '65. Lemuel Carl, June 18, '63; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 21, '64. Michael Corcoran, Sept. 18, '62; died at Baltimore, Md., Mar. 7, '65. John Collers, Aug. 13, '63; captured; died at Florence, S. C, Feb. 5, '65. Frederick Delong, Sept. 19, '62; wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 18, '64. John E. Dickinson, Sept. 19, '62. Robert Dougan, Sept. 17, 'bT,. David Downing, Sept. 19, '62; died at Annapolis, Md., Oct. 4, '63. John En- gle, Oct. I, '62. Daniel Etter, Sept. 22, '63. Joshua Edgin, Sept. 25, '63. Hiram Emmon, Sept. 18, '62; died at Hart's island, N. Y., May 7, '65. Isaac Ellison, Sept, 18, '62; deserted June 25, '65. Benjamin Fischborn, Sept. 17, '63. Michael S. Finck, Aug, 13, '63; missingin actional Wilderness, Va,, May 5, '64. Jacob Fisher, Sept. 18, '62; discharged Jan. 19, '64. Thomas Finly, Sept. 23, '62; captured; died at Andersonville, Ga., Aug, 24,'64. John Grintner, Sept. ii, '63; missing in action at North Anna River, Va., May 22, '64. Dennis Gallagher, Sept. 17, '63. Franklin Granler, Sept. 18, '63; deserted Nov. 21, '63. Andrew Hilbert, Sept. 20, '62; wounded at ^¥ Hatcher's Run, Va., Feb. 7, 65; prisoner from Feb. 7 to Feb. II, '65; discharged June 29, '65. Charles Hotch- kiss Sept. 18, '62. Lee Higgins, Sept. 18, '62; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. John Harris, Sept. 18, '63; prisoner from May 5, '64, to Apr. 20, '65. Samuel Hower, Sept. 18, '63. Isaac Huey, Sept, 18, '62; dis- charged June 27, '63. William Hampton, Sept. 4, '63; discharged May 30, '65. Henry Hoffman, Sept. 18, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Feb. 15, '64; dis- charged July 20, '65. Thomas M. Hotchkiss, Mar. 25, '64; died at Wilkes Barre, Pa., Mar 25, '65. Simon P. Hoover, Sept. 18, '62; died Oct. 9, '64, of wounds re- ceived at Wilderness, Va. George W. Hoover, Sept. 18, '62; deserted Jan. 28, '63. William Jones, Sept. 4, '63; wounded July 17, '64; transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged July 25, '65. Eri P. Jackson, Sept. 19, '62. Jesse Jeffers, June 18, '63; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 21, '64. Joseph Kline, Sept. 7, '63. William Knarr, Sept. 20, '62; prisoner from July i, '63, to Apr. 28, '65; discharged May 18, '65. William F. Kreidler, Sept. 25, '62. Henry Kiely, Sept. 18, '62. John Koons, Sept. 13, '63; drafted; prisoner from Dec. 8, '64, to Feb. 7, '65; discharged June 29, '65. Samuel Kelly, Sept. 23, 63; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 24, '64. Alexander Kepner, June 18, '63; killed at Wil- derness, Va., May 6, '64. John M. Kelly, Sept. 29, '63; died at Washington, D. C, July 11, '64. Jonas O. Kelly, Sept. 18, '62; deserted Nov. 11, '62. Thomas Keen, Sept. 25, '62; deserted May 6, '65. John A. Kreidler and George Kroop, Sept. 15, '62; deserted Feb. 3, '63. Jacob Long, Sept. 13, '63; wounded at North Anna River, Va., May 23, '64; absent at muster out. Luther Lower, Sept. 3, '63; discharged May 4, '65. Samuel Lee, Sept. 3, '63. David R. Lutz, Aug. 14, '6^; discharged Nov. 19, '63. James E. Lobdell, Aug. 15, '63; discharged May r8, '65. William Lippencott, Sept.i,'6i; transferred to Company D 6ist Pennsylvania Mar. 27, '63. William Leonard, Sept. 18, '62; died at Acquia Creek, Va., Apr. 18, '63. Richard Laughlin, Aug. 13, '63; died May 10, '64, of wounds received at Wilderness, Va. Thomas Linkskill, Sept. 19, '62; died at Richmond, Va., Feb. 10, '64. Major Loudenberg, Sept. 18, '62; deserted Nov. 4, '62. Michael Myers, Sept. 18, '62. John Montoyne, Sept. 23, '62; discharged Jan. 26, '65, for wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '6;}. John Myers, Sept. 20, '62; discharged May 15, '65. George W. Miller, Aug. 13, '63; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Charles B. Miller, Dec. 4, '62; substi- tute; deserted July i, '6;^. Robert M'Neal, June 18, '6;^; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged on surg's certificate May 31, '65. John M'Loughlin, Aug, 20, '63; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 21, '64. John Nahtrieb, Aug. 12, '63. John Nash, Sept. 20, '62; wounded at North Anna river, Va., May 23, '64. George D. Nash, Sept. 22, '62; discharged July 6, '63. Francis O'Boyle, Sept. 19, '62; deserted Feb. 2, '63. Henry Pace, Sept. 20, '62; discharged Aug. 31, '64, for wounds received at Wilder- ness, Va,, May 5, '64. William Perigo, Sept. 18, '62; died at Andersonville, Ga., Sept. 2, '64; grave, 9,684. Daniel Petty, Sept. 18, '62; deserted Nov. 4, '62. John Quinn, Sept. 18, '62; deserted Feb. 2, '63. Elijah Robbins, Sept. 18, '62. Samuel Reed, Aug. 15, '63. Charles D. Remmer, Oct. 10, '62. John Rinehart, June 18, '63; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 21, '64. Zura Root, Sept. 19, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov. 15, '63. Abraham Ramsay, June 18, '63; died at Wash- ington, D. C, Dec. I, '63. William Ritter, Sept. 17, '63; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. William Ressler, Oct. lo, '62; deserted Jan. 6, '63. Michael Roth, Sept. 18, '62; deserted Feb. 5, '63. David C. Shoop, Aug. 18, '6$; wounded at Wilder- ness, Va., May 6, '64; John Sellers, Sept. 25, '63. Samuel Spencer, Sept. 15, '62. Amos Staines, Jan. 4, '64; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. Lewis Strait, Sept. 22, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 12, '63. Joseph Sager, Sept. 22, '62; transferred to yet- eron reserve corps Nov. 6, '63; discharged Sept. 8, '65. Halsey Skillinger, Sept. 18, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Oct. 25, '63; discharged July 24, '65. Silas Sellers, Jan. 30, '64; died at Washington, D. C, June 11, '64. Simon Snyder, Aug. 15, '63; died at Washington, D. C, July 4, '64. John W. Spencer, Dec. 4, '62; sub- stitute; deserted Jan. 6, '63. Daniel Stem, Sept. 17, '62; deserted Feb. 5, '63- Barney Simonson, Sept. 18, '62; deserted June 25. '6;^. Harvey Taylor, Sept. 18, '62; wounded at Wilderness, Va., Maj 6, '64. Jesse T. Thompson, Feb. 29, '64; discharged April 5, '65. Dan- iel Thorn, Oct. 4, '62; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63, David Vough, Aug. 15, '62; wounded at Spottsyl- vania Court-house, Va., May 10, '64. Benjamin Vaughn, Aug. 13, '63; discharged Mar. 8, '64. Charles A. West- field, Sept. 18, '62; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. John E. Wival, Sept. 18, '62; died May 10, '64. Calvin Williams, Aug. 13, '63. Wilson Williams, Aug. 13, '63; drafted; wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 18, '64; discharged June 28, '65. John Welsh, Sept. 11, '63; drafted; prisoner from May 5, '64, to Mar. 28, '65; dis- charged May 25, '65. John D. Winer, Aug. 15, '63; died at Culpepper, Va., Jan. 29, '64. John W. Williams, Sept. 18, '62; deserted Feb. '63. Jesse Weaver, Sept. 29, '62; deserted July i,'68. Lazarus Yaytor, June 8, '63; wound- ed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. COMPANY H. Officers. — Captains — John C. Morris, Sept. 18, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate 'Apr. 16, '64. Benjamin F. Babcock, Sept. 27, '62; promoted from 2nd to ist lieut.; capt. June 24, '64; resigned Sept. 7, '64. Warren T. White, Sept. 6, '62; promoted from sergt. to ist sergt. May I, '63; ist lieut. June 23, '64; capt. Sept. 25, '64. First lieutenants — Michael Keenan, Sept. 8, '62; commis- sioned capt. Apr. 19, '64; not mustered; died at Wash- ington, D. C, June I, of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. E. L. Rhinewault, Sept. 6, '62; promot- ed from priv. to sergt. May i, 'dy, ist lieut. Sept. 25, '64. First sergeant, Asa Warner, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp. Dec, '(sy ist sergt. Sept, 25, '64. Sergeants — Frank E. Foster, Sept. 6, '62; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '65; commissioned 2nd lieut. Sept. 8, '64; not mustered; discharged May 20, '65. Francis P. Ryan, Sept. 6, '62; promoted from corp. June i, '63; wounded at Spottsyl- vania Court- house May 10, '64; transferred to veteran reserve corps Feb. 21, '65; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Apr, 17, '65, Calvin L, Leete, Sept, 6, '62; pro- moted from corp. Nov. 25, '63. Orange A. Baldwin, Sept. 6, '62; promoted from corp. July i, '64; discharged Sept. 7, '65. Daniel Hawes, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 5, '63. Alanson W. Bissell, Sept. 6, '62; died at Windmill Point, Va., June i, '63. Cor- porals—Myron Bradshaw, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp. July I, '64. Miles D. Baldwin, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp. Sept. 25, '64, George B. Strange, Sept, 6, '62; pro- moted corp. Oct. 6, '64. Thomas F. Brady, Aug. 24, '63; drafted; promoted corp, July i, '64; discharged Sept, 7, '65. Frank Angell, Sept, 6, '62; promoted corp. Jan, 16, '65. Robert Booth, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp. Jan. 21, '65. David H. Duel, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp. Jan. 25, '65. Mark B. Perigo, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp. May 22, '65. Calvin L. Lincoln, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp.; discharg- ed on surg's certificate Jan. 16, '65. Oscar Caswell, Sept. ^^= ^h COMPANY H, ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-THIRD REGIMENT. 175 6, '62; promoted Corp.; discharged May 21, '65. William A. Southwell, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp.; discharged Oct. 6, '64. Joshua P. Miller, Sept. 6, '62; promoted Corp.; transferred to veteran reserve corps June 31, '63. James Dean, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp.; transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 5, '63; discharged Sept. 6, '65. Amos James Geary, Sept. 6, '62; promoted corp.; died at Washington, D. C., Jan. 7, '63. Silas Light, Sept. 6, '62; promoted to corp.; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; died at Andersonville, Ga., Aug. 25, '64. Zanness Small, Sept. 6, '62; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Musicians — Archie H. Horton, Sept. 6, '62. John W. White, Sept. 6, '62. George B. Smith, Sept. 6, '62; deserted Jan. 12, '63. Privates. — Jonathan Anderson, Mar. 7, '65. Henry Anderson, Jan. 4, '65. Peter F. Ashland, Feb. 17, '65. Daniel Allen, Sept. 6, '62; died at Windmill Point, Va., M^y 5) '^S- David W. Brink, Sept. 6, '62. George W. Baxter, [Sept. 6, '62; wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 18, '64; discharged. Amos C. Beebe, Sept. 6, '62. Eve- rett Brown, June, '63; drafted. David P. Beebe, Sept. 6, '62, and Lewis Beebe, Sept. 17, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 11, '63. Samuel S. Baxter, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 14, '6^. Alfred Briggs, Sept. 22, '63; drafted; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; died at Florence, S. C, Nov. 10, '64. John Burbeck, Sept. 6, '62; died at Windmill Point, Va., Apr. 23, 63. John L. Blucher, Aug. 31, '63; drafted; died July 25, '64, of wounds received at Petersbnrg, Va., June 18, '64. Lorenzo Burch, Dec. 4, '62; substitute; died Apr. 3, '63. Henry C. Barnum, Sept. 6, '62; died at Baltimore, Md., July 18, '63, of wounds received at Get- tysburg, Pa., July I, '63. Robert Burbeck, Sept. 6, '62; died Mar., '64. Thomas Bradford, Apr. 4, '65; not on muster out roll. Hiram Cook, Sept. 17, '62. D. J. Cun- ningham, Sept. 6, '62. Thomas E. Casterline, Mar. 19, '64. Joseph Cupp and David Clark, Sept. 9, '63, and W. H. Cripple, Aug. 13, '63; drafted. John Carroll, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 3, '64, Charles Camp, Sept. 6, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Apr. 14, '64. David A. Canfield, Dec. 4, '62; substitute; transferred to veteran reserve corps May 9, '63. George W. Crocker, Sept. 6, '62; died at Fort Schuyler, N. Y., Aug. 24, '6^, of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, '63. John D. Campbell, Sept. 9, '62; drafted; cap- tured at Weldon railroad, Va., Aug. 21, '64; died at Salisbury, N. C, Dec. i, '64. William P. Dunn, Sept. 6, '62. Peter Degnar, Sept. 6, '62; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 2, '65. William C. Denel, Sept. 6, '62; transferred to vet- eran reserve corps, Feb. 16, '64. Luther Eldred, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 8, '64. Wil- liam H. Estus, Mar. 19, '64; died at City Point, Va., Aug. 3, '64. Jacob H. Ettinger, Aug. 25, '63; drafted; de- serted Oct. 18, '6^. Thomas Flanigan, Aug. 18, '6;^; drafted; captured Dec. 10, '64. James E. Fitzgerald, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate June 6, '63. John Fisher, Sept. 2, '63; drafted; deserted May 4, '64. Washington Gerhert, Aug. 11, '64. James S. Gillen, Aug. 24, '64. John S. Gerber, Aug. 31, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate, Dec. 14, '6^. Adam Grassmire, Sept. 17, '6:i; drafted; captured at Weldon Railroad, Va., Aug. 21, '64; died at Salisbury, N. C, Nov. 30, '64. John W. Glidden, Sept. 6, '62; died at Jefferson, Md., July 5, '63. James Gilroy, Sept. 6, '62; deserted Dec. 20, '63. Michael Hickey, Sept. 6, '62; captured at Wil- derness, Va., May 5, '64; discharged June 13, '65. Dan- iel Hawes, Feb. 15, '65. Augustus P. Headley, Sept. 6, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps. Israel Himes, Aug. 21, '63, and William Homier, Aug. 15, '63; drafted. Hill Heath, Sept. 17, '62; died at Alexandria, Va., June 9, of wounds received at Wilderness, May 6, '64. Walter Jenner, Sept. 17, '63. Am.mdus Jacoby, Aug. 13, '63; drafted. Henry Jenner, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 17, '63. Theron H. Jones, Sept. 6, '62; died at Windmill Point, Va., Apr. 26, '6;^. Rufus Jarvis, Sept. 19, '63; drafted; transferred to Company H 7th Ind. volunteers Oct. 25, '63. Jacob Kceney, Aug. 21, '6^, and William Keister, June 30, '63; drafted. Dennis I^ane, jr. and Ezra P. Lester, Sept. 6, '62. Emanuel Locke, June, '6;}; drafted. Thomas Lynch, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 10, '65. Truman G. Larrahee, Sept. 3, '63; drafted; cayitured at Wilderness, Va., May 3, '64; died at Florence, S. C, Nov. IS, '64. William F. Lepper, Sept 6, '61; died at Fred- ericksburg, Va., May 15, of wounds received at Wilder- ness, Va., May 6, '64. John Mooney, Sept, 6, '61; pris- oner from May 5, '64, to Mar. 10, '65; discharged June 29, '65. Frank Mansberger, Jan. 10, '65. Thomas Mans- berger. Aug. 21, '6;^; drafted; prisoner from May 5 to Nov. 26, '64; discharged June 8, '65. John Mansberger, Jan. 10, '65. Robert Miller, Sept. 9, '63; drafted. Michael Martin, Jan. 11, '65. Henry C. Matter, Sept. 9, '6^; drafted; discharged on surij's certificate Apr. 20, '64. Patrick Millin, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Feb. 14, '65. Thomas M. Maggs, Aug. 15, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 20, '64. A. Mothersbaugh, Sept. 9, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 20, '64. Jacob Moore, Sept. 6, '62; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Apr. 4, '64; discharged July 5, '65. Alanzo Mott, Sept. 6, '62; killed at Peters- burg, Va., June 18, '64. John M'Boy, Sept. 17, '62. Ed- ward P. M'Creary, Sept. 6, '62; promoted to sergt. Com- pany I Oct. I, '63. Andrew M'Vinea, Sept. 6, '62; de- serted Oct. 23, '62. Henry Proffer, Sept. 9, '6;^. drafted, Henry Pervines, Sept. 9, '63; drafted. Henry M. Porter. Sept. 9, '62; died at Culpepper Court-house, Va., Jan. 8, '64. Henry A. Porter, Sept. 6, '62; died Apr. 2:, '65. Wil- liam A. Porter, Dec. 4, '62; drafted; died at Culpeppir Court-house, Va., Jan. 7, '64. Leonard B. Ross, Sept. 6, '62. Henry Roberts, June, '63; drafted. Terrence Riley, Sept 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate July 18, '63. Richard Ring, Sept. 17, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 4, 64. Jeremiah Ragan, jr., Sept. 6, ,'62; discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 16, '63. James Rochford, Sept. 6, 62; deserted Oct. 26, '62. George W. Sheldon, Sept. 6, '62, John H. Snyder, Feb. 22, '65. James Strange, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Aug. 24, '63. Charles Small, Sept. 17, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 22, '63. Franklin Swoyer, Sept. 17, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Apr. 20, '64. Frederick M. Scribner, Sept. 6, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 4, '64. William B. Southwell, Sept. 6, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps May 10, '63. Edward B. Slauson, Sept. 6, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Oct. lo, '64. Elezer Staines, June, '63; drafted; killed at Spottsylvania Court- house, Va., May 10, '64. Daniel Smith, Sept. 6, '62; deserted Jan. 12, '63. Leman Turrell, Sept. 6, '63; dis- charged on surg's certificate July 19, '63. Myron S. Towne, Sept 6, '62; promoted com. sergt. April 20, '64. Adam S. Treminer, Aug. 20, '63; drafted; died at Wash- ington, D. C, Aug. 14, '64, of wounds received at Wilder- ness, Va., May 5, '64. Hobert R. West, Sept. 6, '62; discharged June 3, '65. John Westbrook, Sept. 9, '63; drafted! John Weaver, Aug. 25, '63; drafted. John W. Wells, Sept. 7, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Apr. 20, '64. Stanly B. Weaver, Sept. 6, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Oct. 9, '64. Charles E. Webster Sept. " 6, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 19, '63. Charles A. West, Sept. 6, '62; died at Washington, D. C, Jan. 16, '63. Douglas Woodworth, <^ .76 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Dec. 4, '62; substitute; died at Philadelphia, Pa., Aug. 15, '64. Jackson Walter, Sept. 4, '63; drafted; deserted Dec. 3, '63. Ira Winan, Mar. 19, '64; drafted. Henry Yingling, Sept. 9, '6;^; drafted. COMPANY I. OjJf<:^/x— Captains— Chester K. Hughes, Oct. 18, '62; promoted maj. Oct. '27, '64. Harlow Potter, Sept. 20, '62; promoted from corp. to sergt. Dec. i, '6y, from ist sergt. to ist lieut. Jan. 2, '65; capt. Apr. 15, '65. ist lieuts.— Thomas Davenport, Sept. 20, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Oct. 21, '64. William H. Plain, Sept. 20, '62; promoted from private to corp. Nov. i, '63; sergt. Feb. 29, '64; ist sergt. Apr. 15, '65. 2nd lieuts. — Samuel F. M'Kee, Oct. 18, '62; promoted adj. 147th Pa. Dec, 6, '62. C. W. Betzenberger, Sept. 20, '62; promoted from sergt. Jan. i, '63; killed at Gettysburg, Pa. July i, '63. Jairus Kauff, Sept. 20, '62; promoted from sergt. to 2nd lieut. Sept. i, '63; commissioned capt. Oct. 15, '64; not mustered; captured; died at Columbia, S. C, Oct. 3r, '64. ist sergts. — Jesse Harrison, Sept. 20, '62; com- missioned 2nd lieut. July i, '63; not mustered; died at Gettysburg, Pa., Aug. 20, of wounds received in action July I, '63. Simon Hubler, Sept. 20, '62; promoted from Corp. to sergt. Jan. 2, '65; ist sergt. Apr. 15, '65: commissioned 2nd lieut. June i, '65; not mustered. Sergts. — Warren H. Crego, Sept. 28, '62. John Shafer, Sept. 20, '62; promoted corp. Feb. i, '62; sergt. Nov. i, '63. Paul Fullmer, Sept. 20, '62; promoted corp. Nov. I, '62; sergt. Jan. 2, '65. Nathan Vosler, Sept. 20, '62; promoted corp. Feb. 29, '64; sergt. Apr. 15, '65. Ed- ward P. M'Creary, Sept. 6, '62; promoted ist lieut. Com- pany B Feb. 28, '64. Charles Wesley, Oct. 6, '62; pro- moted from private; died Oct. 28, '64. Corps. — John Bellas, Oct. 4, '62; promoted corp. Apr. 15, '65. C. Hagenbaugh, Sept. 20, 62; promoted corp. Jan. i, '64. W. R. Vandervort, Oct. 6, '62; promoted corp. Feb. 29, '64. Jacob S. Keck, Sept. 20, '62; promoted corp. Aug. I, '64. Sylvester Moulthrop, Aug. 14, '6;^; drafted; pro- moted corp. Jan. 2, '65. Stephen Eckrote, William H. Weaver and William H. Brown, Sept. 20, '62; promoted corps. Jan. 2, '65. William S. Downing, Sept. '20, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 12, '63. George B. Hovvlan, Sept. 20, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Aug. I, '63; discharged June 29, '65. Elias L. Tubbs, Sept. 20, '62; promoted to corp.; died at City Point, Va., Oct. 28, '64. Frank B. Smith, Sept. 20, '62; promoted to corp.; died May 27, of wounds received at North Anna River, Va., May 13, '64. Joseph W. Mott, Sept. 20, '62; promoted corp.; died at Culpepper Court- house, Va., Jan. 14, '64. Christopher Boston, Sept. 20, '62; died Nov. 6, '63. Musicians — George W. Palmer and Harrison Wolf, Sept. 20, '62. Privates. — George Arnest, Sept. 20, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 7, '64. Andrew S. Aleworth, Sept. 20, '62; died at Washington, D. C, Jan. 20, '63. Am- brose Bonhara and Benjamin Bellas, Sept. 20, '62. Alex- ander Buckman, Sept, 20, '62; missed in action at Weldon railroad, Va,, Aug, 21, '64, Henry Boen, Sept. 21, '62; drafted; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Levi Buckman, Mar. 17, '64. William Baker, Aug. 26, '()y, drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Apr, 21, '64. George Bellas, Sept. 20, '62; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Feb. [9, '63. Car. R. Buckalew, Sept. 28, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate June 19, '63, John Blain, Sept, 20, '62; died June 19, 'ki. Silas Bellas, Sept. 20, '62; killed at Spottsylvania Court-house Va., May 10, '64. Jacob Black, Aug. 26, '63; drafted; captured at Wilder- ness, Va., May 5, '64; died at Andersonville, Ga., Sept. 3 '64. Amos Buckalew, Sept, 20, '62; deserted Jan. 8, '63' Parsons Bonham, Aug. 23, '64; not on muster out roll. Silas Cavanes, Sept. 20, '62. Obadiah Campbell, Sept. 28, '62. William Cupp, Sept. 19, '63; drafted; prisoner from May 5, '64, to Mar. 2, '65; discharged June 29, '65. Jacob L. Gary, Feb. 18, '65. Solomon Culver, Mar. 13, '65. Charles B. Clayton, Aug. 16, '(sy, drafted; dis- charged June 6, '65. Peter Chubb, Aug. 11, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 2, '64. G. W. Calender, Sept. 20, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Oct. 31, '63; discharged July 13, '65. John Coughlin, Sept. 20, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps June 30, 'by Benjamin Behaven, Mar. 17, '64; wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 18, '64; discharged May 26, '65. Isaac Drum, Sept. 20; discharged on surg's certifi- cate Mar. I, '63. Eli Davenport, Sept. 20, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Dec. 12, '63; discharged June 27, '65. John M. Downing, Sept. 20, '62; died at Culpepper C. H., Va., Apr. 29, '64. Albert Earl, Sept. 20, '62. George Ensmiger, Aug. 12, '63; drafted; prisoner from Mays, '64, to Feb. 26, '65. John Eveland, Sept. 20, '62. Moses B. Eckrote, Jan 26, '65. John A. Evans, Sept. 9, '63; died at Annapolis, Md., Jan. 14, '65. John P. Fritz and Gilbert W. Flegal, Sept. 7, '63; drafted. Jackson H. Gearhart, Sept. 29, '62. Jeremiah W. Gano, Sept. 9, '63; drafted. Leonard Gow, Mar. 20, '65. Jacob L. Girton, Sept. 20, '62. Ellis B. Gearhart, Sept. 20, '62; deserted Feb. 11, '63. James Gobbins, Mar. 13, '65; de- serted Apr. I, '65. Nathan C. Hallstead, Sept. 20, '62. White N. Hosier, Sept, 20, '62. Philip S, Hartman, Sept. 20, '62; prisoner from May 5, '64, to Feb. 26, '65. Henry Hoven, Sept. 4, '63; drafted. Jesse Harrington, Sept. 28, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 29, '64. Thomas D. Hanvey, Sept. 8, '63; transferred to Camp Chase, Ohio, Apr. 22, '64; discharged Sept. 12, '65. John Huberlin, Aug. 28, '63; drafted; transferred to veteran reserve corps Mar. 16, '65; discharged Aug. 14, '65. Darius Hangerford, Sept. 20, '62; died at Wash- ington, D. C, June 24, of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Joseph Holland, Aug. 29, '63; captured at the Wilderness May 5, '64; died at Andersonville, Ga., July 30, '64. Theodore Hagen- baugh, Sept. 20, '62; deserted Nov. 7, '62. Isaiah N. Harrison, Sept. 28, '62; deserted Oct. 28, '62. George Jacoby and Joseph Keener, Sept. 20, '62. Al- fred Kishbaugh, Sept. 20, '62; Milford Kingsbury, Sept. 20, '62; discharged May 17, '65. David Kiner, Sept. 20, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Oct. 20, '63. George W. Kahle, Sept. 17, 'by, drafted; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan. 12, '65. John Kauk, Aug. 12, '63; drafted; died at Culpepper Court-house, Va., Apr. I, '64. Francis M. Lockard, Sept. 20, '62. George Lutz, Sept. 28, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 29, '64. Hiram R. Marshall, Sept. 20. '62. Peter Mowry and William Moyer, Mar. 17, '64. Jonathan F. Moss, Sept. 20, '62. George Miller, Sept. 2, '63; drafted. Reuben Moyer, Sep*. 20, '62; died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 8, '63. George W. Markle, Sept. 20, '62; deserted Jan. 8, '63, Alexander Morrison, Sept. 28, '62; deserted Nov. 25, '62. Joseph M'Intire, Sept. 10, '63; drafted. James W. M'Neal, Sept. 20, '62; killed at Wilderness, Va,, Mays, '64- John N. Naugle, Sept. 20, '62; trans- ferred to veteran reserve corps Nov. i, '64; discharged Aug. 21, '65. Reuben Naugle, Sept. 20, '62; deserted Nov. 25, '62. Elias Pfaff, Sept. 3, '63; drafted. William G. Pauley, Aug. 25, '63; drafted. Irvin Pratt, Mar. 22, '65. Windle Pauley, Sept. 21, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 21, '64. John L. Pealer, Sept. 20, '62; deserted Jan. 8, '63. Samuel P. Reed, Sept. 19, '63; drafted. Elisha Roberts, Sept. 20, '62. H. Rhein- heimer, Sept. 28, '62; discharged Apr. 8, '65. Benjamin Royer, Sept, 20, '62; discharged on surg's certificate July ♦^r =4* 10, '6^. Charles Rittenhouse, Sept. 20, '62; captured at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63; died at Richmond, Va., Dec. 12, '63. John A. Robins, Sept. 20, '61; died at Philadel- phia, Pa., Jan. 6, '64. John D. S. Reiner, Sept. 11, '63; drafted; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. Zebulon S. Rhone, Sept. . 20, '62; deserted Feb. 11, '62- George J. Skinner, William Sambler and Stephen Schelhammer, Sept. 20, '62. John Sims, Sept. 28, '62. Daniel B. Siglin, Sept. 20, '62. John Smith, Aug. 18, '63; drafted. Charles Sechrist, Aug. 19, '62; drafted. Joseph Sikart, Sept. i, '63; drafted. Henry Stout, Sept. 28, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 9, '63. John A. Steirs, Sept. 28, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 9, '63. Abraham Sleppy, Sept. 20, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Nov. i, '63. Samuel Stout, Sept. 22, '62; captured June 13, '63; died at Richmond, Va., July 11, '63. Jacob Stair, Sept. 20, '62; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Edward Trexler, Sept 20, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged July 11, '65. Sydney H. Telle, Sept. 20, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 12, '64. Earl J. Tubbs, Sept. 20, '62; captured at Spottsylvania Court-house, Va., May 14, '64; died at Andersonville, Ga., Aug. 22, '64. Anson Underwood, Aug. 16, '63; drafted. John Vosler, Sept. 20, '62; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Josiah M. Wolf, Sept. 20, '62; prisoner from May 5, '64, to Feb. 26, '65. Edward Welsh, Sept. 20, '62. Edward B. Wirth, Sept. 21, 63; drafted; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 64; dis- charged June 3, '65. Tobias Wehr, Aug. 14, '63; drafted. Charles Warner, Aug. 22,' 63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 21, '64. Nathan Warner, Oct. 6, '62; died at Washington, D. C, Sept. 20, '64. Hen- derson Wolf, Sept. 20, '62; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, '63. Horace Williams, Sept. 20, '62.; deserted Nov. 8, '62. Jacob Yale, Sept. 20, '62; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July r, '63. COMPANY K. Officers. — Captain — Isaac S. Little, Oct. i, 'C2; prisoner from May s, '64, to Mar. 1, '65. ist lieuts.— John D. Musser, Oct. i, '62; promoted maj. Nov. 8, '62. Orin E. Vaugh, Oct. I, '62; promoted from 2d lieut. Nov. 15, '62; discharged Dec. 17, for wounds received at Peters- burg, Va., June 25, '64. Benjamin F. Walters, Nov. 28, '62;'"promoted from 49th Pennsylvania to 2nd lieut. Nov. 28, '62; to ist lieut. Jan. 2, '65; brev. capt. Apr. i, '65. ist lieut., Horace C. Harding, Sept. i, '62; promoted from corD. to sergt.; ist sergt.; 2nd lieut. Feb. i, '65. ist sergts.— Thomas L. Grafins, Sept. 5, '62; promoted from Corp. to sergt. May 15, '64; ist sergt. Feb. i, '65. Charles W. Clendenin, Sept. 17, '62; promoted from sergt. Feb. i, '64; died at Washington, D. C, May 31, '64, of wounds received at Wilderne.ss, Va., May 6, '64. Sergts.— Alvin Durling, Sept. i, 'C2; promoted from corp. Feb. I, '64.' William F. Keys, Sept. 17, '62; promoted from priv. Feb. i, '64; prisoner from May 5, '64, to Feb. 27, '65. Jacob T. Bono, Sept. 6, '62; promoted from priv. to corp. July i, '63; from cor. Jan. i, '65. Joseph A. Maynard, Sept. i, '62; promoted from priv. to corp. Feb. I, '64; from corp. Feb. 5, '65. Reuben Ebert, Sept. 5, '62; promoted from priv. to corp. Jan. i, 63; from corp July i, '63; killed at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, '64. Corps.— John Wilber, Sept. i, '62; promoted corp. Feb. I, '64; wounded. Wesley Dixon, Sept. i, '62; pro- moted corp. Feb. i, '64. Henry S. Maynard, Sept. i, '62; promoted corp. Feb. i, '64. John W. Rmker, Sept. I, '62; promoted corp. Jan 1, '65. Abraham Hall, Sept. S, '62; promoted corp. Jan. i, '65. Henry Wren, Aug. 14, '(^y, drafted; promoted corp. Jan. i, '65. Benjamin F. Apker, Sept. 17, '62; ■ promoted corp. June i, '65. Francis Furman, Sept. r, '62; promoted corp. June i, '65. Richard Keeney, Sept. 4, '62; promoted corp. May I, '64; discharged Nov. 17, '64, for wounds, with loss of leg, received in action. James M. Kitner, Sept. i, '62; promoted 2d lieut. T2oth regiment U. S. C. T., Aug. 30, '64. William Stephens, Sept. i, '62; promoted corp.; discharged on surg's certificate Mar. 27, '64. Henry Decker, Sept. i, '62; promoted corp. Jan. i, '63; trans- ferred to signal corps March i, 64. Philander Billings, Sept. I, '62; promoted' corp. Jan. i, '63; died Mar. 14, '63. Charles L. Dannelly, Sept. 5, '62; promoted corp. Jan. I, '63; died May 6, '64, of wounds received at Wil- derness, Va., May 5, '64. Anson A. Harding, Sept. i, '62; promoted corp, Apr. 11, '64; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. William N. Williams, Sept. 4, '62; died July 6, of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July 3, J63. John Ryan, Sept. 5, '62; deserted Feb. 15, 'dT,. Musician, Clarence D. Cooper, Sept. 4, '62. Privates. — Nelson Aumick, Sept. i, '62; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; discharged May 16, '65. Silas Aumick, Sept. i, '62; veteran. Charles Arnold, Mar. 31, '64. Burney Aumick, Sept. ig, '63; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64'. George W. Alexander, Sept. I, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 18, '63. Truman C. Andrews, Sept. 17, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps; discharged June 29, '65. George W. Arnst, Sept. i, '62; killed at Gettysburg July i, 'd-t,. George Aumick, Sept. 19, '63; killed at Wilderness, Pa., May 6, '64. Frederick E. Burgess, Sept. i, '62. James W. and Samuel D. Burnett, Sept. 4, '62. Cornelius Blauvelt, Sept. i, '62. Roraane S. Billings, Sept. 6, '62; prisoner from May 5 to Dec, '64; discharged June 16, '65. Henry D. Beebe, Sept. 4, '62; prisoner from May 5 to Dec. 5, '64; discharged June 8, '65. George Bradford, Sept. 4, '63; substitute. WDliani Burk, Aug. 13, '63; drafted. Thomas D. Boardman, Feb. 24, '65. Levering T. Bruyn and Samuel R. Bell, Mar. 6, '65. James F. Becker, Aug. 14, '63; drafted; prisoner from May 5, '64, to Feb. 27, '65. Wesley Bunnell, Sept. i, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Feb. 8, '64. F. L. Blakeslee, Sept. I, '62; discharged on surg's certificate May 19, '63. Jasper Billings, Sept. 4, '62; transferred to veteran re- serve corps Sept. iS, '64. Henry Boskit, Sept. 5, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps. William H. Blakes- lee, Sept. I, '62; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, '64. James O. Brady, Mar. 8, '65; not on muster out roll, Merritt G. Conglan, Sept. 4, '62. Ephraim Coble, Aug. 12, '63; drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 9, '64; discharged June 5, '65. Morris Corbin, Sept. 8, '62. William Caskey, Mar. 31, '64. Wes- ley M. Cooper, Sept. 4, '62; discharged Sept. 8. '64. Samuel Durling, Sept. i, '62. Dennison J. Depue, Sept. 4, '62. Edward K. Davis, Aug. 14, '63; drafted; discharged on surg's certificate Apr. 20, '64. Charles F. Decker, Sept. i, '62, discharged Jan. 11, '64, tor wounds, Moses IJerby, Sept. i, '62; deserted Dec. 28, '62. D. S. Edminston, Sept. 4, '62. Joseph Eich- enbach, Sept. 5, '62; deserted Feb. 4, '63. James Frutchey, Sept. i, '62. Bernard M. Finney, Mar. 31, '64. Wilson Frutchey, Feb. 24, '65. Granville S. Furman, Sept. I, '62. Augustus Fisk, Aug. 23, '63; substitute. Henry D. Fargus, Aug. 14, '63; drafted. Ebenezer S. Fisk, Sept, I, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Dec. 24. '63. Charles L. P'inney. Sept, i, '62; promoted to capt. 31st regiment U. S. C. T., Sept. i, '64; resigned Feb. 27, '65. George W. Frear, Mar. 31, '64; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Frederick Fry, Aug. 14, '63; drafted; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, <¥^ '64. Alexander M. Gibson, Aug. 4, '63; drafted; dis- charged May 16, '64. John Gallaher, Sept. 24, '63; sub- stitute; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 9, '64; dis- charged May 31, '65. Isaac F. Goodwin, Sept. r, '62; discharged on surg's certificate, Sept. 14, '63. Alfred Gray, Aug. 14, '63;"drafted; died at Hart's island, N. Y., Apr. 19, '65. John S. Hall, Oct. '63. Jack P. Hale, Sept. 24, '63; substitute; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; transferred to sth U. S. I. H. P. Hammer- sley, Sept. 8, '62; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Linus V. Jones, Sept. i, '62; transferred to veteran re- serve corps Sept. i, '65; discharged Jiine 29, '65. Henry Kintner, Mar. 31, '64. Franklin J. Krause, Aug. 15, '65; drafted; prisoner from May 5 to Dec. ,1 1, '64; discharged June 23, '65. William Kerlin, Aug. 28, '63; substitute; discharged Dec. 14, '63. Macon Lane, Sept. 24, '63; sub- stitute. Nicholas Lentz, Sept. 5, '62. L. Lehman, Aug. 26, '63; substitute; captured; died at Richmond, Va., Feb. 21, '64. Adam Mowen, Aug. 27, '65; substitute. Moses Mayer, Aug. 27, '63; substitute; killed at Laurel Hill, Va., May 9, 64. Louis Mansin, Sept. 17, '62; deserted Feb. 4, '63. Daniel M'Elwee, Sept. 24, '63; drafted; died at Alexan- dria, Va., July 6, '64, of wounds received at Petersburg, Va., June 18, '64. Michael M'Quade, Mar. 8, '65; not on muster out roll. Theodore A. Nigh, Sept. 4, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. i, '63. Eli Nichols, Sept. i, 62. John T. Nealy, Sept. 22, '63; sub- stitute; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64; died at Andersonville, Ga., Feb. 10, '65. John T. Nugent, Sept. S, '62; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, '63. Charles W. Newton, Sept. i, '62; deserted December 28, '62. Mor- timer Newell, Sept. 17, '62; deserted Oct. 16, '62. Jere- miah Nevel, Sept. 5, '62; deserted Feb. 4, '63. Edward Phillips, Sept. 5, '62. Thomas K. Powell, Sept. 5, '62; prisoner from May 5 to Dec. '64. William W. Parrish, Sept. 4, '62. William C. Prentiss, Aug. 14, '63; drafted; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. William Russell, Sept. I, '62. Samuel Roan, Mar. 22, '64. George, Robi- son, Aug. 28, '63; substitute; deserted June 17, '64. An- thony Raith, Aug. 28, '6;}; substitute; deserted Feb. 17, '64. Lewis B. Stark, Sept. 4, '62. Balser Steel, Sept. i, '62. George W. Sloan, Sept. 8, '62. Arthur Sproul, Dec. 4, '62. Samuel Shriver, Sept. 5, '62. Adam Shriver, Sept. 5, '62; deserted; returned. Reuben P. Strominger, Aug. 12, '63; drafted. David Sites, Sept. 2, '63; substitute. Edward Shoemaker, Mar. 31, '64. Amaziah A. Smith, Mar. 7, '65. John Smith, Aug. 7, '63; substitute; died at Annapolis, Md., Nov. 24, '64, of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. Lantic Stephens, Sept. 6, '62; died at Alexandria, July 21, '64, of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. David Smithgal, Sept. 17, '62; died at Acquia Creek, Va., June 4, '63. Frank- lin Shriner and Henry Shriner, Sept. 17, '62; deserted Feb. 4, '63. Samuel W. Spaukling, Sept. 6, '62; deserted Jan. 16, '6;i. Tillman Strayer, Aug. 14, '63; drafted; deserted Dec. 13, '64. Joseph Swartz, Sept. 17, '62; de- serted Feb. 4, '63. James Straus, Mar. 8, '65; not on muster out roll. John Trowbridge, Mar. 30, '64; dis- charged July, '64. Alexander Thompson, Aug. 13, '63; substitute. James Tuner, Mar. 8, '65; not on muster out roll. Milton L. Vose, Sept. i, '62. Reuben Wheaton, Sept. 17, '62, Edward D. Wilders, Sept. 22, '63; substi- tute. Elias Welch, Sept. 24, '63; substitute. William M. Watson, Aug. 14, '63; drafted. Paul Woodburn, Sept. 5, '62. Charles W. Wheat, Mar. 7, '65. Andrew R. Win- tamute, Sept. i, '62; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, '64. William Wilson, Sept. i, '63; substitute; deserted May 2, '64. Overton E. Williams, Sept. 4, '62; deserted Feb. 4, '63. George White, Sept. i, 62; deserted Sept. 27, '62. Lewis J. Yale, Mar. 31, '64. Thomas J. Yeagle, Sept. 5, '62; deserted Feb. 4, '63. CHAPTER XXVIL LUZERNE IN THE CIVIL WAR THE I49TH, j6lST, 162ND, 163D, I77TH, 178TH AND I94TH REGIMENTS. ,HE good reputation which the original Buck- tail regiment acquired led fo the project of raising a Bucktail brigade. Recruiting was commenced in July, 1862, and within twenty days two regiments were raised, one of which was the 149th. Some of the men composing this were from Luzerne county. Immediately after its organization this regiment was ordered to Washington, where it remained till Februar)', 1863. It then went to the front. It was present at the battle of Chancellorsville, though not closely engaged. In the campaign and battle of Gettysburg the 149th bore an active part, and at the engagement displayed very great coolness and valor, eliciting the highest com- mendations. Its losses amounted to 34 killed, 171 wounded, and 131 missing. Subsequent to this battle it was not engaged in any active operations till the opening of the campaign of 1864. During the winter it was strengthened by recruits, and in May it left its winter quarters and moved forward to the Wilderness. There it lost 15 killed, 29 wounded, and 92 prisoners. After leaving the scene of these battles it was engaged at Laurel Hill, Spottsylvania, North Anna and Bcthesda Church. June i6th it crossed the James, and was en- gaged before Petersburg on the i8th. Up to this time the losses of the regiment amounted to 404. In the operations of the siege of Petersburg, and the raids, marches and fatigue duty pertaining to it, the 149th was engaged and was frequently in action. On the 9th of February, 1865, it was with other troops sent to Elmira, N. Y., where it was in charge of the rebel prisoners' camp till the end of its term of service. It was mus- tered out on the 29th of June, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FIRST REGIMENT (SIXTEENTH CAVALRY). Some of the men composing this regiment were recruit- ed in Wyoming county. On the 30th of November, 1862, the regiment, mounted and equipped, went to the vicinity of Washington, were it remained till early in January, 1863, when it went to the front near Falmouth and was engaged during the winter in guard and picket duty. It was first in action March 17th, at Kelly's Ford. In the spring of 1863 it entered on active duty, which with cavalry consists of raiding, scouting, skirmishing, marching and counter-marching, and in general those operations where celerity of movement is requisite. It attended the army on its march toward Chancellors- ville, and again on the Gettysburg campaign, and was frequently engaged, but in these battles the heaviest fighting was done by the infantry. In the pursuit after T THE SEVENTEENTH CAVALRY— COMPANY K. 179 the battle of Gettysburg the i6th was active. During the autumn of 1863 the i6th was engaged in operations in northwestern Virginia, and during the succeeding winter went on several raids. In the summer of 1864 the T6th was with the army of Sheridan and participated in the severe actions of his campaigns. Space will not permit an enumeration of the battles and skirmishes in which the i6th was engaged. It went into winter quarters in December near Hancock Station, and was comparatively inactive till February, 1865, when it again entered on active duty and was marching, scouting and fighting almost constantly till the surrender of Lee at Appomattox, on the gth of April. After the surrender it returned to Petersburg, went to North Carolina, returned and was sent to Lynchburg to guard surrendered property. It was mustered out August 7, 1865- ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-SECOND REGI- MENT (SEVENTEENTH CAVALRY.) On the i8th of October, 1862, this regiment was organ- ized. It entered at once on drill, and on the 25th of November it was ordered to Washington and soon after- ward went to the front. In the latter part of December it arrived at Stafford Court-house, whence it was engaged in scouting during a great part of the winter of 1862-3. At the battle of Chancellorsville this regiment, by the coolness which it displayed, contributed largely toward the prevention of a charge by "Stonewall" Jackson's force, and probably thus saved a panic on that part of the field. During the campaign that culminated in the battle of Gettysburg. the Union cavalry, under General Buford, of which the 17th constituted a portion, were very active and were several times sharply engaged. At the com- mencement of the battle they held in check during four hours a third of the rebel army, thus enabling a portion of the Union force to take its position on the field. The 17th with the other cavalry aided in the pursuit of the retreating rebels, and harrassed them till they recrossed the Potomac. During the fall campaign the regiment was constantly on duty and rendered effective service. This campaign terminated with the action at Mine Run, after which the 17th went into winter quarters at Culpepper. In February, 1864, a detachment of the regiment went with General Kilpatrick on a raid against Richmond, in the course of which some railroad property was destroyed and some shells were thrown into the city. The 17th was with General Sheridan on his raid toward Richmond, and was engaged in most of the battles and skirmishes of that expedition. It was also a part of the expedition toward Lynchburg, and in all the active oper- ations of the spring and summer campaign it bore a part. In August the regiment went with Sheridan on his campaign in the Shenandoah valley. A history of the doings of the 17th during that campaign would be a his- tory of the campaign itself, which cannot be given here. This regiment had the honor of furnishing an escort for General Sheridan on his famous "ride." It was quar- tered during the winter of 1864-5 at Winchester, occa- sionally sending out scouting parties and detachments against straggling parties of the enemy. In February, 1865, the regiment went on its last cam- paign— that of Sheridan against the communications in the rear of Richmond. The brilliant achievements of that campaign are a portion of the history of the war, and it is only necessary to say here that from its com- mencement to the surrender of the rebel army the 17 th bore its part gallantly. After the surrender it returned to Petersburg; then to Washington, where on the i6th of June it was mustered out. Said General Devin in a complimentary order at parting: " In five successive cam- paigns and over threescore engagements you have nobly sustained your part. Of the many gallant regiments from your State none has a brighter record; none has more freely shed its blood on every battle field from Gettys- burg to Appomattox." Company K of the 17th cavalry contained Luzerne county men, and a roll of its members will be found be- low. The first date in each man's record is the time he was mustered in; the date of muster out, if not given, is June i6th, 1865. COMPANY K. Officers. — Captain — Richard Fitzgerald, Nov. 7, '62; dis- charged June 20, '65. First lieutenants — John Anglun, Oct. 2, '62; promoted Q. M. Nov. 21, '62. Philip Brong, Nov. 7, '62; promoted from 2nd lieut. Nov. 25, '62; dis- charged on surg's certificate Nov. 5, '63. Second lieu- tenants — ^James Anglun, Oct. 28, '62; promoted from sergt. Mar. 22, '64; wounded at Five Forks, Va., Apr. r, '65; discharged June 20, '65. Alanson D. Phillips, Sept. 21, '62; promoted corp. Dec. i, '62; sergt. Dec. to, '62; ist sergt. Nov. 6, '63; 2nd lieut. Dec. i, '64; discharged June 20, '65. Charles Johnson. Nov. 25, '62; resigned Dec. 8, '63. First sergeant — Milton J. Snyder, Sept. 21, '62; promoted from com. sergt. Dec. r, '64. James A. Clark, Sept. 21, '62; promoted corp. Dec. 10, '62; sergt. June 11, '63; ist sergt. Aug. i, '63; adjutant, Nov. 6, '63. Quartermaster's sergeants — Burton Scott, Sept. 21, '62; promoted corp. July i, 'dy, Q. M. sergt. Sept. i, '64. Solomon M. Edwards, Sept. 21, '62; wounded at White House, Va., June 21, '63, and at Trevilian Station June 12, '64; discharged. Commis- sary sergeant — Thomas W. Thomas, Sept. 30, '62; pro- moted corp. Jan. i, '()2i; com. sergt. Nov. i, '63. Ser- geants — James Burgin, Sept. 21, '62; promoted corp. Jan. 5, '63; sergt. Sept. i, '63. James Brennan, Sept. 30, '62; promoted from corp. Dec. i, '62. William M'Cann, Sept. 21, 62; promoted corp. July r, '63; sergt. Nov. i, '64. John May, Sept. 21, '62; promoted corp. July i, '(>y, to sergt. Dec. i, '64. George W. Moore, Oct. 2, '62; promoted corp. May i, '64; to sergt. Apr. i, '65. Pat- rick Mulroney, Sept. 21, '62; promoted to sergt. May i, '64; wounded at Trevilian Station, Va.,June 12, '64; trans- ferred to Company H loth regiment veteran reserve corps Jan. 10, '65; discharged June 27, '65. Samuel Snyder, Sept. 21, '62; killed in action. Peter F. Barber, Sept 30, '62; deserted Dec. 7, '62. Corporals — Martin Hudson, Oct. 2, '62; promoted corp. July i, '63. James Manderville, Sept. 21, '62; promoted corp. Nov. 1, '63. Charles Geise, Oct. 2, '62; promoted corp. Mar. i, '64. John W. Mason, Sept 21, '62; promoted corp. Nov. i, *i¥ ^Hh 1 80 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. f '64. David Owens, Sept. 21, '62; promoted corp. Sept. 1, '64. John G. Brandon, Oct. 2, '62, promoted Corp. Dec. i, '64. Henry Biglan, Sept. 30, '62; pro- moted Corp. Apr. i,' '64. Daniel Bartholomew, Sept. 21, '62; promoted corp. Nov. i, '62; wounded at Dinwiddie Court-house, Va., Mar. 31, '61; absent at muster out. Jasper Bell, Oct. 21, '62; promoted corp. Dec. i, '62; died at Washington, D. C, May 16, '63. Buglers — Henry Hopkins, Sept 21, '62. Elnathan Cole, Oct. 2, '62. Blacksmiths — Josiah Bloss, Sept. 30, '62. Paul Cool, Sept. 30, '62. Saddlers — John Hart, Sept 21, '62; pro- moted saddler Sept. 24, '64. George P. Goodrich, Oct. 2, '62; killed at Berryville, Va., Sept. 24, '64. Privates.- — John Anderson, Nov. 10, '62; deserted Nov. 19, '62. John H. Burrows, Sept. 21, '62; captured at Berryville, Va., Sept. 24, '64. Robert Beatty, Sept. 3, '64; substitute. Edward P. Boley, Aug. 30, '64. Oscar F. Beemer, Sept. 21, '62; wounded at Meadow Bridge, Va., May 12, '64; discharged May 11, '65. Patrick Bar- rett; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. ii, '63. John Burns, Mar. 29, '64; mustered out with Company K 2nd provisional cavalry Aug. 7, '65. Edward Burk, Mar. 28, '6r; wounded at Shepherdstown, W. Va., Aug. 25, '64; deserted from Company K 2nd provisional cavalry. Joseph Brownell, Sept. 21, '62; captured; died at Salis- bury, N. C, Nov. 12, '64. Christopher Basee, Oct. 2, '62. deserted Sept. 30, '62. Alamander Brown, Oct. 3, '62; deserted Nov. 14, '62. Araizi L. Collard, Sept. 21, '62; captured Aug. 12, '64. Shepard Carpenter, Oct. 2, '62. James Corner, Sept. 30, '64; deserted from Company K, 2nd provisional cavalry. Charles Cunningham, Apr. i, '64; mustered out with Company K 2nd provisional cav- alry, Aug. 7, '65. Peter F. Clark, Sept. 21, '62; promoted to hospital steward Mar. i, '64. Dominick Corcoran, Oct. 29, '62; captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Dec. 31, '64. Henry Cordner, Sept. 21, '62; deserted Nov. 2^, '62. James M. Drum, Oct. 2, '62. Asahel Daniels, Sept. 21, '62. William Daley, Sept. 3, '64. David Davis, Aug. 29, '64. Lemmon Dissinger, Aug. 22, '64. Patric\ Donely, Mar. 21, '64; mustered out with Company K, 2nd _ provisional cavalry, Aug. 7, '65; veteran. Thomas Davis, Sept. 30, '62; discharged May 30, '65. Elias De- trick, Oct. 24, '62; transferred to veteran reserve corps Feb. 6,'64. Albert Du Bois, Oct. 3o,'62; died at Stafford Court-house, Jan. 8,'63. John Donehue, Sept. 21, '62; de- serted Oct. io,'62. Isaac L. Decker, Oct. 2, '62; deserted Nov. 15, '62. Robert Devine, Aug. 25. '64; noton muster out roll. Frederick Eaton, Sept. 21, '62. William Edwards, Oct. 20, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 20, '64. Fressley Easton, Sept. 21,' 62; discharged on surg's cer- tificate June 8, '63. Shedrick Evens, fiily 19, '64; died at Harper's Ferry, Va., Mar. 18, '65. " David Fenner, Sept. 21, '62. WiUiam Ford, Oct. 2, '62; discharged on surg's certificate. Michal Grady, Sept. 21, '62. Michael Ganghagan, Sept. 30, '62; captured Aug. 13, '64. Bra- man Green, Aug. 14, '64; discharged July 14, 'C5. Michael Crattan, Oct. 28, '62; mustered out with Com- pany K 2nd pro. cav. Aug. 7, '65. John Gress, Sept. 2^ '64; captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Nov. 22, '64! John Golden, Sept. 21, '62; deserted Nov. 15 ' '6"' Patrick Gallagher, Sept. 21, '62; deserted Apr. 20 '63' Thomas Golden, Mar. 28, '64; deserted Apr 20' %<: John Harrison, Sept. 21, '62. Miron Hudson Oct ^ '64. John W. Hudson, Oct, 2, '62. Lewis j' Hoich' Aug. 22, '64. Matthias Houch, Aug. 30, '64 John Henry, Aug. 30, '64. William Havens, Mar 28 '64- mustered out with Company K 2nd pro, cav Aug 7' 'Gi Lewis Hudson, Mar. 28, '64; died at Washington D C Apr 19, '64. William Hayes, Oct. 20, '62; deserted Nov' 14, 62. Robert Jenkins, July 19, '64. Edward Jones' 62; discharged on surg's certificate Apr 20 '63' Sept. Morgan Jenkins, Oct. 28, '62, deserted Dec. 6, '62. William Keck, Sept 21, '62; discharged on surg's certifi- cate. Henry Knapp, Oct. 2, '62; wounded and captured at Trevilian Station, Va., June 12, '64. Michael Kelly, Sept. 30, '62; not on muster out roll. Jacob B. Little, Sep. 3, '64. Thomas Loftus, Aug. 29, '64. John Larn, Sept. 21, '62; dischargedon surg's certificate Aug. 21, 'Gt,. Emnet Lowire, Mar. 31, '64; deserted from Company K 2nd regiment pro. cav. John Lanning, Mar. 31, '64; mustered out with Company K 2nd regiment pro. cav. Aug. 7, '65. Thomas Lally, Feb. 28, '64; discharged from Company K 2nd regiment pro. cav. George H. Lourie, Mar. 31, '64; deserted from Company K 2nd regiment pro. cav. July i, '65. Thomas Lawrence, Sept. 30, '62; promoted to regimental saddler Apr. 6, '67,. Frank I,ewroy, Mar. 31, '64; died June 18, '64 George H. Lee, Oct. 28, 62, and James Lynch, deserted Nov. 6, '6;^. David Lloyd," Oct. 28, '62; not on muster out roll. Anthony Myers, Sept. 21, '62. Thomas Monk, Oct. 2, '62. Thomas Morris, Aug. 24, '64. Thomas Morgan, Aug. '29, '64. James F. Murvin, Aug. 17, '64. Peter Mathews, Sept. 21, '62; discharged. Herman Mayer, Oct. 31, '62. George Mead, Apr. 7, '64; and Edward Maley, Mar. 31, '64; mustered out with Company K 2nd provisional cavalry Aug. 7, '65. Richard Miller, Sept. 21, '62; captured; died at Salisbury, N. C, Jan. 13, '65. Charles Mathewson, Oct. i, '62; deserted Dec. 6, '62. Franklin M'Cuthin, Sept. 3, '64. Robert M'Cutchen, Aug. 30, '64. Daniel M'Mullen, Aug. 24, '64. James M'Tigue, Mar. 25, '64; mustered out with Company K 2nd provisional cavalry, Aug. 7, '65. Charles M'Farlin, Mar. 26, '64; not on muster out roll. Casper Newcomb, Sept, 21, '62. Martin Nelson, Aug. 27, '64. Anthony O'Donnell, Sept. 30, '62. Oliver E. Price, Oct. 2, '62; mustered out with Company K 2nd provisional cavalry Aug. 27, '65. Howell Powell, Sept. 21, '62; died at Washington, D. C, Aug. i, '63. Isaac Powell, Sept. 21, '62; died at Frederick, Md., July 26, '63. William Powell, Sept. 3, '62; deserted Nov. 10 '62 Stephen Phillips, Oct. 2, '62; deserted Nov. 15, '62 Patrick Ryan, Sept. 30, '62; deserted Nov 15, '62- re- turned July 27, '63. Martin Vt. Ray, Sept. i '64 Otto Richland, Aug. 20, '64. Samuel Richardson, Mar 31 64; discharged June 14, '65. Benjamin C. Robinson! Apr. 26, 64; deserted from Company K, 2nd provisional cavalry, July i, '65. Orville C. Ransom, Oct. 2 '62- de- serted Oct. IS, '62; returned May 28, '6y, transferred to veteran reserve corps Sept. i, '63. John Reese, Oct -8 62; deserted Nov. 15, '62. Daniel Seiner, Oct. 20 '6- IXivid Shaner, Aug. 31, '64. James W . Stire, Aug. 19, 64. Joseph Stout, Sept. 21, '62; discharged on surg's certificate Sept. 20, '63. John Scanlin and Gilmore Swartz, Mar. 31, 64; mustered out with Company K 2nd provisional cavalry, Aug, 7, '65. Isaac Sherman, Oct! '/' T,.'''?"^ l^i™" ^^"y' N°^- 5. '6-^; deserted Nov. 15, 62. Phihp Ihomas, Sept. 21, '62. Daniel Tov; trans- ferred to U. S. army Nov. i, '62. Allen B. Turner Oct 25; 62; deserted Mar. 4, '64. William Thompson,' May 9, 64; deserted June 4, 64. Dennis Tigue, Sept. 17 ■64- not on muster out roll. Edward Vaughn, Sept. 21 '62' trans erred to veteran reserve corps Sept. i, '63. Wil^ ham Wardebaugh Sept. 7, '64. Joseph Warner, Sept. i, 64 John J. Wilbams, Aug. 27, '64. John T. Williams, nnJ;i ' H= J'^serted from Company K, 2nd provisional cavalry. Henry Wells, Mar. 10, '64. Edward Wright, Nov. ,9, 62; deserted Nov. 19, '62. Abraham Wilson, Mar 17, 64; not on muster out roll. John Yarns Sept 21, 62. James Zell, Sept. i, '64. Hiram Zea, Sept. 21! 62; discharged June 17, '65. Michael H. Zacharias bept. I, 62; discharged on surg's certificate Feb. 10, '64. THREE REGIMENTS CONTAINING LUZERNE MEN. ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-THIRD REGI- MENT (EIGHTEENTH CAVALRY). Luzerne county furnished a portion of the men in this regiment, which was recruited in the latter part of 1862. It went to Bladensburg, near Washington, in De- cember of that year, and on the ist of January, 1863, it crossed the Potomac. In February it entered on picket and scout duty along the Potomac, opposite Washington. This region was then infested by Mosby's thieving, skulking guerillas, and picketing among them was more perilous than in full face of the rebel army. On the 25th of June the command to which the i8th was attached crossed the Potomac and marched by way of Frederick to Middletown and to Hanover, Pa., where it was attacked on the 30th by the rebel general Stuart's column, and a sharp action ensued, in which the i8th was closely engaged. From there the command went to the field of Gettysburg, where it arrived in season to par- ticipate in the battle, in which it did excellent service. On the 4th the command, under the intrepid and ac- tive General Kilpatrick, moved by the flank of the re- treating rebel army, and at South Mountain captured a train of two hundred wagons and ambulances (which were destroyed), and a thousand prisoners. At Hagerstovvn the head of a retreating column was met and attacked, and two companiesof the i8th that charged in the streets were nearly all lost. Kilpatrick continued to attack and harass the retreating enemy till they had crossed into Virginia. During the autumn and early in the winter the regiment was engaged in scouting and skirmishing through northeastern Virginia, and in several engagements suffered severe loses. In December it went into winter quarters at Stevensburg, and on the last of February, 1864, it went with General Kilpatrick on his raid upon Richmond; and in the summer campaign of that year it was con- stantly on the move. It was with Sheridan on his raids and campaigns of that year, and it especially distinguished itself at the battles of Mine Run and Winchester. At Cedar Creek, also, on the 19th of October the brigade to which it was attached did excellent service. Late in November it went into winter quarters near Harper's Ferry. It subsequently participated in the capture of Early's forces, and afterward remained at Winchester on picket and scout duty till the surrender of Lee's army, in April, 1865. In May it went to West Vir- ginia and remained till October 31st, when it was mus- tered oat. ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT. The men composing this regiment were drafted in various sections of the State, and a portion were from Luzerne county. It was organized on the 20th of No- vember, 1862, and on the 3d of December was ordered to Washington. Thence it went to Newport News, and on the 7th to Suffolk, where it was engaged in fatigue duty and reconnoisances to the Blackwaler. March 8th, 1863, it went to Norfolk, and was stationed at Deep Creek to watch for contraband goods and rebel mails. In the discharge of this duty some amusing incidents occurred and some valuable information was intercepted. While here the regiment went on a naval expedition, in the course of which a rebel schooner was captured. Two short marches were also made, in which some boats were destroyed and a number of prisoners taken. It returned to Washington on the 10th of July, was sent to Maryland Heights, and on the 1st of August it returned to Penn- sylvania, where it was mustered out. ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT. The men of Company C in this regiment were drafted in Luzerne county. The regimental organization was jeffected December 2nd, 1862, and on the 5th the regi- ment went to Washington and on the roth to Newport News. Thence it went to Yorktown, where it spent ihe winter in drill and garrison duty. In April, 1863, it went to the relief of Fort Magruder, near Williamsburg, which was threatened by the enemy. No serious attack was made. In June, with other troops, it made a recon- noisance to Charles City and Providence Ferry, destroy- ed rebel supplies and drove away cattle. In the latter part of June it took part in a demonstration on Rich- mond, under General Dix. This regiment with others went to Bolton's Bridge, on the Chickahorainy, where some skirmishing was done, with but few casualties. The regiment did picket duty till the 6th of July, when t went to Williamsburg; thence to Washington and from thence to Harrisburg, where it was mustered out July 27th, 1863. Most of the members of Company C were mustered out July 27th, 1863. All who were not are noted in the following lists as having been otherwise removed from the regiment. A large majority of the members of Com- pany C were mustered in on the 2nd of November, 1862. Those who were not have not the date of muster-in fol- lowing their names. COMPANY c. Officers. — Captains — John V. Shoemaker, Nov. 17, '62. First lieutenant, John C. Briggs, Nov. 17, '62; discharged May 20, '65. Second lieutenant, Stephen W. Hayes, Aug. 23, '62; promoted from private Company F, 117th Pa., Dec. 3, '62. First sergeant, William Sylsha. Sergeants — Jeremiah F. Hertz, Silas Huffman, John F. Sayer. Corporals — Charles W. Terwilager, Hiram T. Foster. Owen Williams, Andrew R. Raub, William R. Meyers, Jacob Boyer, Elias Masters. Alonzo M. Stearns, promoted corp. Jan. i, '63. George G. Lisk, discharged Nov. 22, '62. Musicians — Daniel Rishe and Peter Swortwood. Privates. — Elias Arner, Hiram Arner, George Allen, discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 13, '62. Wm. Bit- tenbender, John B., and John Briggs, jr., William Bry- den. George Brown, discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 13, '62. George W. Brewster Nov. 5, '62; deserted Nov. 6, '62. Alpheus Combs. Nicholas Conklin, discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 13, '62. William Driesbach. Daniel N. Day, discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 13, '62. John Embry. Thomas Evans, Nov. 5, '62. Augustus Fink, discharged on surg's certificate Jan. 28, 'dj,. William Forsythe, discharged Nov. 13, '62. Franklin Florer, Nov. 10, '62; discharged Nov. ^^ ^^= HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 22, '62. John Getter. Ebin B. Gulick, Nov. 11, '62. Richard Gilhnan. Joseph Garrison, discharged on surg s certificate Nov. 26, '62. Jonathan M. Green, Nov. 13, '62; deserted Nov. 21, '62. Norman Garison, deserted Nov. 13, '62. George Grubb, Nov. 13, '62; deserted Nov. 14, '62. Bernard Hart, Nov. 15, '62. John Hart- sell. John Heller. Manassah Henry. Jacob Harter. Robert Johnson. Joseph Jones, Nov. 10, '62. Patrick Keener. Michael Kent. Peter Keithline. William R. Keisbach. Samuel Keisbach. William Kemery. George A. Keen, promoted sergt. maj. Dec. 4, '62. Daniel Louis, Nov. 15, '62. Robert Lloyd, Nov. 10, '62; deserted Nov. 12, '62. Benj. Maschall, Nov. 15, '62. Simon Miller. Samuel Malison, discharged on surg's certificate Nov; 13, '62. John Miller, Nov, 5, '62; deserted Nov. 5, '62. Alexander Matthews and John Maxwell, Nov. 10, '62; de- serted Nov. 12, '62. Joseph Moore, Nov. 13, '62; de- serted Nov. 14, '62. " Charles M'Gowen, Nov. 10, '62; deserted Nov. 12, '62, George E. Naugle. Frank- lin Nagle, discharged on surg's certificate Nov 17, '63. Robert A. Nichols and Francis Nichols, Nov. 5, '62; deserted November 6, '62. Robert Odell. Adam Pen- ser, Nov. 15, '62. John Petticoffer, Nov. 13, '62; de- serted Nov. 14, '62. Charles Reisley. Emanuel Ritter. John M. Rainey. Uriah Robinson, Nov. 13, '62; de- serted Nov, 14, '62. John Rupp, Nov. 16, '62; deserted Nov. 29, 62. Addison Ralph, Nov. 15, '62; deserted Nov. 19, '62. Jacob Schappart. David Sigfrit. Brad- ford Samson. Andrew Sorber, Nov. 8, '62. Altson O. Snow; dischar-ged on surg's certificate Nov. 15, '62. Sidney Slocum; deserted Nov. 20, '62. Edward Single, Nov. s, '62; deserted Nov. 5, '62. Joseph Shiffer; de- serted Nov. ig, '62. William Thomas. John W. Van- sickle. Nelson Williams. Robert E. Wilbur. Louis Weiss. Joseph T. Woodard; discharged on surg's cer- tificate Nov. 14, '62. William Weston, discharged on surg's certificate Nov. 13, '63. David Williams, discharg- ed on surg's certificate Jan, 9, '63. ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-FOURTH REGI- MENT. This regiment was recruited for one hundred days, in the counties of York, Bedford, Cambria, Mifflin, Dauphin, Montour, Lycoming, Luzerne, Berks and Schuylkill. Its organization was completed on the 22nd of July, 1864, and on the same day it moved to Baltimore, where it went into camp. One company was sent in the month of September to the eastern shore of Maryland for pro- vost duty, and the others were stationed in various parts of the city for the same purpose and to serve as guards and escorts for recruits and prisoners. At the expiration of its term of service it returned to Harrisburg, where it was mustered out on the 6th of November, 1864. CHAPTER XXVIII. AN OUTLINE OF THE GEOLOGY OF THE WYOMING COAL FIELD F the three anthracite coal fields of the State of Pennsylvania the Wyoming basin is the largest and the most northwardly. Its length is nearly fifty-six miles, and its average width about three and a half miles, the area closely approximating 200 square miles or more than 128,000 acres. The topography of this valley differs widely from that of any other coal area. The symmetry of the circumscribing mountains; the open expanse of the central level and fertile plain, adorned as it is by the graceful curves and stretches of the Susque- hanna river, with its islands and grove-fringed shores; the more extended fealures of round swelling and of sharp crested hills, with their picturesque intervals of woodlands and silvery streams, form a scene of beauty and attraction unsurpassed in any land, and at complete variance with the general very rugged and uninviting conditions of other coal fields. And yet this pleasing variety of form obtains here almost without any sacrifice of either quantity or quality of the vast underlying mineral treasure, or of the economics of obtaining it; and this by reason of the very general stratigraphic con- formity of the coal and its accompanying rocks to these surface contours. The term basin is here applicable only in the wider import given it by the geologist; for the outline of this valley resembles more that of a crescent shaped trough: the course of a line or chord connecting the points of the cusps is about northeast and southwest, and would lie in its whole length outside and west of the valley; and a middle point on this chord would be outside, about two and a half miles distant from the northwesterly or nearest boundary. The southwestern extremity of the basin is in Salem township, and at a distance of about a mile from the Susquehanna river, which by its sharp deflection above, at Shickshinny, has made its course athwart the field, isolating this triangular tract of coal, the base of which triangle at the river is less than half a mile in width. The mountains forming the rim of the basin in this lower section (the Wyoming and the Nanticoke) diverge with much regularity, and the coal field expands evenly, until at the distance of about thirteen and a half miles from its southwestern extremity, in the section near the town of Plymouth, it attains a width of four and a half miles. Near the city of Wilkes-Barre, which is at a distance of about seventeen miles, the width is near five miles. At the town of Pittston, distant twenty-four miles, the maximum width of five and a half miles is reached. Above this the general lines of outcropping converge so that near the city of Scranton, thirty-four miles distant, the section will not measure over four miles. ThencQ to the city of Carbondale the convergence con- tinues until the breadth of the coal field is there not much more than two miles. Carbondale is distant from the southwest end of the basin about forty-eight and a half miles, and from the northeast terminus over seven miles; at which distance the lateral lines of boundary of this upper tract of the coal formation make a terminal intersection. The principal and most direct channels of drainage of the valley are the Susquehanna and the Lackawanna rivers, with the Nanticoke creek. The Lackawanna river has its sources at the eastwardly end of the valley, where, in consequence of the more rapid rising out of the central measures of this terminal section, the trough or basin form 4^ 4^ ^h THE WYOMING COAL BASIN. 183 has nearly vanished. The general course of the stream is about central through the valley, and nearly over the axis as respects the great and deepest synclinal lines of the coal deposits; and this continues down to a point near the mouth of Spring brook, where the river inclines some- what more to the westward, while the axis leads directly forward to the Susquehanna river at the town of Pitts- ton, more than a mile below the mouth of the Lackawanna. From the entrance of the Susquehanna river into the valley — so well marked by the rugged flunks of the Dial Knob, or Camijbell's ledge — throughout its flexuous courses onward it does not at any point cross a central line of the valley expanse; and except at the city of Wilkes- Barre it does not rejch such a line, its trends being alto- gether on the northwest side, and, it would seem, through Irhe ancient domain of its greatest denuding ravages. The sources of the Nanticokc creek are in the valley on an elevated plateau, about three miles above or to the northeast of the Susquehanna river, where it passes athwart the basin. This plateau, which is nearly at the height of the marginal mountains, the Wyoming and the Nanticoke, has its elevated position not in consequence either of additional strata, or of an increased thickness of strata; but, as above stated in reference to the similar conditions of the northeast end of the basin, a more rapid outrise of the interior bottom measures of the basin. The waters of this plateau divide; a portion flows by Black creek to the southwest, through this rapidly descending and rugged remnant of the valley, to the Susquehanna river; the remainder to the northeast by Nanticoke creek, which has here two branches that flow through pretty vales, formed by a central dividing ridge of the valley, called the Hog-back. At a distance of about two miles and a half a depression in the ridge admits of the union of these branches, and in a further distance of about three and a half miles these waters are discharged into the Sus- quehanna river opposite the town of Nanticoke, near the former residence of Colonel Washington Lee, this point being the southerly end of the line of rupture made by the river in the removal of its rocky mountain barrier for its exit from the valley. The other principal streams of the valley are such as have their sources outside, and enter laterally through mountain gaps of greater or less extent and depth. Those of the southeast side commencing below are Lee, Len- der's, Sugar Notch and Solomon's creeks, Laurel Run, Mill creek. Spring brook, Stafford Meadow brook. Roar- ing brook. White Oak run, and at Carbondale Racket brook. Those of the northwest side — commencing also below — are Toby's, Abraham's and Legitt's creeks, and Fall brook, near Carbondale. Harvey's creek, which flows into the Susquehanna on this northwest side near and above the Nanticoke dam, should be considered as out- side of the valley, as it is more than half a mile below the line of upper ancient rock barrier above alluded to, which stretches from the Colonel Lee house, at the mouth of Nanticoke creek, obliquely across the river to the rocks of the entrance to the Harvey mines. The summits of the marginal mountains of the valley Hh <^ 184 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 4 vary but little in elevation throughout, being from eight to ten hundred feet above the river; the lessening in depth of the valley is not in consequence of the depres- sion of the mountain crests, as herein above explained. The greatest depression or depth of the coal measures exists in Hanover township, near the Dundee shaft, from which the bottom of the basin rises in both directions. To the southwest the rate of rise is rapid until a near approach to the section of Nanticoke, where the upward curvature increases more gradually and is greater the nearer it approaches the southwest end of the basin. Towards the northwest the rise continues to the locality of Spring brook; beyond this, to some section above but near the city of Scranton, the change from a level would seem to be but slight; there, however, commences a much more rapid outrise of the measures, with a decided in- crease of deundation, so that from Carbondale on the evidences of this rapidly increase until the lowest mem- bers of the series are in view. A cross section of the basin made in general approximate outline would vary materially from that which seems to be due if the dips of the seams on the opposite mountain slopes, and the hori- zontal distance between them, should alone be the data considered. These mountain slopes vary much, being greater the nearer they are to the southwest end of the basin, and lessening irregularly throughout to the north- east. Assuming the average slope of the coals on the opposite mountains in the middle section, as at Wilkes- Barre, to be thirty degrees (the Ross mines in Solomon's gap and the T. Brown slope of the Wilkes-Barre Coal Company, as generally at the mines near the outcroppings along the mountain slopes, exceed thirty degrees), and that the distance between these mountain faces on a level of the flat land is four miles, the segment of a cir- cular curve, tangent to these slopes, would at the centre of the basin have a depression of two thousand three hundred feet; whereas sufficient is now known of the united thickness of the coal strata to warrant the belief that at no point of the basin will coal be found much below half that depth. Hence it would follow that a con- siderable general flattening of the measures as they stretch across the basin must take place; that this occurs mainly at or near the mountain on each side is ascertained con- clusively in the progress of mining in these localities. The position of the deepest point on a great synclinal curve of any given cross section of the valley may not be assignable with accuracy; but, as herein above stated in reference to the axial line along the Lackawanna valley passing through the Susque- hanna river at Pittston, it can without material error be further assumed as existing nearly under a direct line from the last mentioned locality to a point in the river near the city of Wilkes-Barre, thence passing the town of Nanticoke in the low grounds about one-third of a mile to the southeast, from which its course to the south- west end of the basin does not vary much from the centre of the lower section of the valley. The lesser orographic features of the valley which lend such beautiful diversity to the scene are to the miner more than to the artist themes of highest import; for to these flexed lines of surface the hidden work below must in the main con- form. These undulations, co-existent with and arising from .the same seismic forces that formed the valley, while they have been to some extent changed superficially by torrent and by time, still notably preserve the anticlinal and synclinal forms of the underlying minerals. Prof. H. D. Rogers, who made these conditions a connected study, describes them thus (Vol. 2nd, pt. i, page 324): "The feature of widest generality connecting these anticlinal and synclinal waves, or saddles and troughs of the strata, is their remarkable approximation to parallelism through- out the entire range of the basin, irrespective of the bending course of the main valley and its including mountains. This constancy in the direction of the waves, though singularly close, is not absolute when those of distant sections of the valley are compared; there being a difference between the anticlinals of the vicinity of Wilkes-Barre and those of the Lackawanna valley of some 6°, the former ranging about north 67" east, while the latter observe an average course of north 72° or 73° east. It is, however, with few exceptions, strictly main- tained among the flexures of the same district. As a natural consequence of this approximate permanency of direction of the undulatians, and the curving outline of the general basin, it is only in the lower or west end of the valley that these rolls of the strata are parallel or even nearly so, within the main course of the valley. There the chief groups among the anticlinals approach to a coincidence in direction with the mountain forming the south side of the basin. Advancing northeast to the Wilkes-Barre and Pittston districts, this parallelism with the mountain border is more and more departed from, and with its progressive deflection to the northeast along the southeast side of the Lackawanna valley the obliquity of the undula- tions to the line of the basin and its barriers grows conspicuously greater. From the vicinity of Wilkes- Barre, and probably from further west, the whole way to Carbondale these anticlinals come forth in succession from the mountain sides of the valley at larger and larger angles as we advance toward the northeast; the anticlinal waves, broad and flat on the slope of the mount- ains, pointing down obliquely west in the valley, and con- tracting and growing steeper; while the synclinal troughs between them rise out of the central bed of the basin, flattening and shoaling up to the east, to disappear at higher levels on the same mountain sides. This arrange- ment is discernible in the undulations of both sides of the basin, but those of the southeast side being more numerous, of steeper flexure, and less obscured by diluvial drift, the feature is there more conspicuous. Each of the two mountain barriers of the valley, with its set of anti- clinal spurs passing off from it at successively increasing angles, may be likened to a curved fish-back, one con- cave and the other convex, sending out its spines or rays at increasing obliquities, but in mutual parallelism with one another. ^^^ 4^- <> UNDULATIONS OF THE COAL MEASURES. i8S "A further general fact connected with these undula- tions of the coal measures, interesting for its geological bearings and not less so for its practical consequences, is the curious declining graduation observable in the sharpness of the successive undulations as we proceed from southwest to northeast along the basin. Not only does each anticlinal of the southeast side of the valley- grow gentler or flatter in its dips as it slowly rises to the east, but the successive ones are fainter and fainter at the same proportionate sections of their length as we cross them obliquely in going toward the northeast. Those of all the lower or west end of the valley, from Beech Grove to Nanticoke, show inclinations as high as 45", those be- tween Nanticoke and Wilkes-Barre display dips exceed- ing 30°, and those between Wilkes-Barre and Pittston dips averaging 20° or 25°; while following the Lacka- wanna division of the basin we have no longer anything approaching this last steepness of flexure, except just near the ends of the saddles, but rather a low broad waving of the rocks, growing feebler and feebler as we advance, until, passing Scranton into the district between it and Archbald, regular undulations become almost impercepti- ble, and are lost in the very gradual dips into the middle of the general troughs from the two borders of the valley. Accompanying this progressive smoothing-out of the waves or corrugations of the strata from the southwest toward the northeast end of the whole basin, there is a like gradual transition of declension in its external fea- tures, from sharp and narrow-crested ridges and deep hollows to rounder and gentler spurs and valleys, and along the Lackawanna to wide-topped summits, bluffs and open denuded plains. " Other points of general structure, appertaining to the interior undulations of the main basin, have reference to the prevailing /(7;'OT of the anticlinals and their troughs. A main feature of the individual waves is a progressive increase of flexure, or a steepening of the dips on both sides of the anticlinals as they advance from the moun- tain sides, where they originated, out into the central tracts of the valley, to near their terminations, which are therefore comparatively abrupt. Remarkably clear ex- emplifications of this structure present themselves to any close observer of the anticlinals between Wilkes-Barre and the Lackawanna. If these be carefully traced from the east down to this district they will be seen to grow steadily sharper and sharper in their dips until they ap- proach in their oblique course to the banks of the Sus- quehanna, in the neighborhood of which they nearly all subside by bluntly rounding off. In proof of this abrupt cessation, we have only to remark the contrast between the general steepness of these undulations where they are crossed slantingly by the old stage-road, or even by the plank-road, and the extreme gentleness and absolute disappearance of many at the canal, and especially at the shore of the river. The very position in the valley which the river has taken between the mouth of the Lackawanna and Wilkes-Barre is an evidence of the sud- den dying-out of this southern system of anticlinals. It would seem as if the waters, in scooping the lower valley or plain within which the Susquehanna flows, had been unable to "pnss the succession of barriers presented to them by these ridges in the strata, and were forced to recoil by the north flanks and bold ends which the sad- dles protruded againpt them, swinging off in their re- bound to follow the deflecting course of the waves of the strata towards the outlet of the drainage of the valley, the wide notch in the northern mountain-barrier at Nan- ticoke. "The north or northwest side of the valley appears to have its own set of anticlinals or saddles, as already in- timated; but whether these observe the same law in their oblique descent into the valley from the west, of a pro- gressive increase of dip on both their flanks, I am not prepared at present to maintain, as the structure of this portion of the valley is largely disguised by surface drift, and as the points of many of the spurs or saddles are hid by the deep diluvium of the Wyoming and Lackawanna flats. All analogy and every theoretical consideration of the origin of this curious feature in the anticlinals would indicate, however, that the same steep- ening towards their terminations belongs to these waves which characterizes those coming from the opposite mountain lying east. Whether any of the flexures of the upper strata cross the basin entirely, passing west from the southern mountain to coincide with undulations pro- ceeding east from the northern, cannot be at present known; but the general cessation of both sets towards the middle of the basin is a strong intimation of the improba- bility of such a condition." The rocks beneath the coal, the upturned and rup- tured edges of which form not only the near but also the outer or second surrounding eminences or mountains, do not extend in the geologic scale lower than to the base of the carboniferous epoch; and in the nomencla- ture of Prof. Rogers in his geology of the strata it com- prises his Unibral and Vespertine series, which are the equivalents of the upper and the lower subcarboniferous groups in the geology of Europe. The outcropping of the base of the lower group, the Vespertine, which rests upon the red sandstone of the Ponent series (the equivalent of the old red sandstone of Europe) is generally near and in some places upon the summit of the outer mountain; while the outcroppings of the several higher members of the group form the slopes of the outer mountain down to their junction with the overlying Umbral series in or towards the depression or valley between these two mountain ridges, and consist of gray sandstones, olive colored argillaceous sandstones, with occasional thin seams of carbonaceous slates and films of anthracite coal ;^ and generally the upper member, which is found farthest down the slope, is a white sili- cious sandstone at base, graduating upwards into a con- glomerate of white quartz pebbles where it meets the overlying Umbral red shale. The thickness of this group varies from 300 to 600 feet, decreasing from the south- west towards the northeast. The orographic position of this series as above de- scribed api)lies more especially to the middle and south- *^H= =dXi Hi- ■f i86 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. west sections of the basin, where these secondary sur- rounding vales, by greater depth of denudation, form more distinctly an inner and an outer mountain vein. In the upper section of the valley, from Pittston north- eastward, the inclinations of the mountain slopes decrease, while there is a corresponding decrease in the thickness of the measures, both of the Vespertine and the Umbra series, especially that of the red shale of the Umbral group; and solely in consequence of this decrease of the shale is the change referred to in the orographic fea- tures of this upper section; the separation into two ridges becomes less distinct, and at poin's does not ex- ist. This mountain profile as described is throughout the result of denudation, and at no points is it the result of plication or undulation. The Umbral series, or upi)er subcarboniferous forma- tion, consists mainly of red shales which, from the under- lying Vespertine or lower subcarboniferous group to the serai conglomerate, form generally more than three- fourths of the entire mass of this formation, occupying the lower place in the series; in the upper section it meets and is overlaid by harder measures, fine grained sandstones of buff, gray and reddish tints, the upper measures under the conglomerate being a fine and sharp grained sandstone somewhat calcareous, of buff and of greenish gray colors— the hone-belt of Prof. Rogers. This last named deposit is of variable thickness, from five to thirty feet. The Umbral group, like the underlying Vespertine, is variable in its thickness; at Nanticoke, in the river gap, it has a thickness of about 500 feet; at Mill Hollow, in King- ston township, about 350 feet; at Solomon's gap about 450 feet; at Cobb's gap, on the Roaring brook, its thick- ness is less than 450 feet. To the northeastward of this section the formation lessens rapidly in thickness, and at some points does not exist. From this group is obtained the principal amount of the flagstones so much used in the valley — a very hard, almost vitreous sandstone, of a reddish tint, very durable, and in this respect in strong contrast with others more recently introduced from a distant region. The iron mine on a branch of the Stafford Meadow brook, for several years mined by the D. L. & W. Iron Company, the ore being smelted in Scranton, is a deposit or segregation at the base of the red shale, immediately over the Vespertine group. This ore is a concretionary carbonate of iron, of nodular form and imbedded in an ochraceous fine clay, the bed' or deposit being on the average about five feet thick. It would appear to be a local formation, as it is not found in the mountain gaps either to the northeast or to the southwest. Yet in Mill Hollow, on the northwest side of the coal field in Kingston township, Doctor W. H. Brisbane opened to a deposit of ore of the same character, and in the same strategraphic position; the ore at this point has not been mined to any extent. The above mentioned hone-belt is probably a continuous deposit underlying the entire coal basin. Many tons of this stone were sent annually to Philadelphia from a quarry in the Wyoming mountain in Newport township, to be made into hones. While the principal material of tiie red shale is alumi- na, its proportions as a constituent are quite variable, causing a gradation from a friable, soft, true shale to a very hard brittle rock, mainly in consequence of the greater or less amount of silex it may contain. It has, diffused throughout, more or less calcareous matter, and also strata or layers containing scattered nodules of cal- careous matter, from a very small size to that of a pea, being of a cream color internally while the surface is stained red by the enveloping shale. The removal of these nodules by the weather where they have been in the harder rock-like strata produces a pitted or eroded appearance of the rock. At a few points, as in Solomon's gap, this calcareous deposit assumes the form of a regu- lar limestone seam of about two feet thickness, but of sandy, lean quality. To the prevalence of this calcareous matter is to be attributed the stable productiveness of those farms lo- cated on the outspread of this formation, as in the val- leys of the Wapwallopen and the Nescopeck creeks, and in many other surrounding localities. Throughout vast areas, both on the eastern continent and also in America, the equivalents of these two formations, the Umbral and the Vespertine, particularly the former, are made up mainly of carbonate of lime. Many of the fossil vegeta- ble forms of the overlying true carboniferous or coal period are to be found in these groups, which circum- stance is the basis for including them in the scope of the carboniferous epoch. While in our locality, as well as throughout the anthra- cite area generally, the lithologic characteristics of these two groups bear no apparent indication of equivalency, yet there does exist very positive evidence of complete synchronism with the upper and lower subcarboniferous series of other regions. Westward in the bituminous coal fields calcareous marls and true limestones prevail largely in the group immediately underlying the serai conglomerate, occupying the position and there represent- ing the Umbral series. This condition prevails generally to the westward and in Virginia, extending southwestward to Alabama; a similar predominance of calcareous mat- ter in the Umbral group is observed. It is assumed that if the calcareous matter diffused through the great mass of red shale of the anthracite coal field was concentrated, it would be found closely approximating the average amount existing in the Umbral group under the western bituminous regions, where the lime is less mixed with the accompanying shaly matter. The several members of the Vespertine and Umbral series are conspicuously presented in the gaps around the valley; especially in Solomon's gap, in the Wilkes-Barre mountain, and in Mill or Hert- zoge hollow, in the Kingston mountains. The contact of the Umbral series with the conglomerate under the centre of the coal basin is brought to view at the Salem Company's colliery, below Shickshinny, the line of juncture being forty or fifty feet above the level of the river, on the nearly vertical escarpment there pro- duced undoubtedly by the erosive action of the stream, which flows directly athwart the axis of the coal basin, ^P= <}* *#§=•=-- =# THE "FALSE COAL MEASURES "—ROCKS BENEATH THE COAL. 187 4= having cut through all its measures, and to a considerable depth in the Umbral red shales. The barren coal mea- sures of the Vespertime series have been for many years a delusion throughout the regions surrounding the coal fields. Specimens of very bright and pure coal have been presented from time to time which were obtained from rivulets and streams outside of the coal basin, and in many instances, at cost of much toil and expense, the vein has been traced out and found in places, with the normal accompaniments of slate, fireclay and roclc; but in no instance around the Wyoming coal field have these beds been found more than a few inches in thickness. Professor J. P. Lesley remarks in regard to these false coal measures (which he prefers to call the Proto-carboni- ferous, instead of the Vespertine), as follows: " The false coal measures, as they have been called, the coal of No. XI, the Vespertine coal of Rogers, or, as it should properly be called, the Proto-carboniferous formation, overlies the third great sandrock of tlie four, precisely as the black slate of No. VIH. has been said to overlie the Oriskany sandstone, and as the great coal measures will be seen to overlie the conglomerate. This was a second and more successful effort of nature for the preservation of fuel for man, whose coming was fore- seen. But still the conditions were not sufficiently ful- filled over the whole area to do more than give promise of a better future. Portions only of the earth were steady enough just at the level of the sea neither to drown the vegetation nor expose its soil. One or two beds, irregu- lar and very thin, were everywhere indeed produced, and in one region a series of such beds of which two or three are large enough to work. But even these were almost wholly ruined by succeeding earthquake undulations, which slid their floor and roof upon each other, dislocat- ing the layers and grinding the coal to powder. " Everywhere along the inside foot of the mountains of X., from the Catskill to their extreme south limits; and everywhere in the body of the Alleghany mountain, these thin seams have been at different times discovered, and locally noised about. Hunters, lumbermen and land agents have picked and pried into them. Lands have been sold to eastern companies upon a faith in them, but they have never paid. In the gorge of Tipton creek, which descends from the Alleghany mountain upon the Little Juniata and the Pennsylvania Railroad near Altoona, one of those beds of coal appears six hun- dred feet beneath the base of the true coal measures, and nearly three feet thick. Those who believe this to be the lowest of the true coal beds made extensive arrange- ments for an eastern trade, and justly anticipated a pros- perous adventure; whereas the whole carboniferous form- ution is there not only at the summit but behind the summit of the mountain." The first effort at coal formation above referred to by Prof. Lesley is the carbonaceous slates of Prof. Rogers's Post aMeridian series, or No. VII. of the original nota- tion of the Pennsylvania survey, which are the equiv- alents of the slates at the base of the Upper Helder- berg group of the New York survey, and in which a thin seam of coal is found in the shore-hills of Lake Erie. Resting upon the Umbral series is the prominently marked serai conglomerate, the millstone grit of the European system, the base or floor of the coal formation in all its extent. Westward, throughout the greater por- tion of the bituminous coal regions, its equivalent is a silicious sandstone. A gradual decrease in the size of the constituent water worn materials of this deposit is observable. Along the south and east limits of the anthra- cite coal fields many of the rounded masses in the rock exceed a diameter of six inches, as at Mauch Chunk, in the Sharp mountain; while around the Wyoming basin the size of the pebbles does not often exceed that of a pig- eon's egg; further to the westward, even in the adjoining county of Sullivan, the pebbles of the conglomerate, though of the same white and gray quartz kind as those of the Wyoming rock, are much less in size. This de- crement is found to be in a general way continuous to the westward, until, as above stated, a quartzose sand stone of particles of varying degrees of comminution holds the stratigraphic position of the conglomerate. Upon this fact, in view of a simple dynamic law, rests the rational theory that the course of the distributive currents that prevailed during the period of deposit of the materials of this great and wide spread rock were from the east and south; and in accord with this view we find that the deposit changes, not only in the size of its constituent materials, as above slated, but also in their lithologic characters, which towards the southern border of the field are largely made up of the softer felspathic and aluminous rocks, that by the attrition of further transport would have been in a great measure reduced to mere sedimentary matter. Again, in further accord with this theory, we find that the thickness of this deposit lessens in its sweep toward the north and west. At Pottsville and Mauch Chunk it is respectively 1,030 feet and 950 feet thick, while under the Wyoming basin its average thickness is about 140 feet and in Sul- livan county it is reduced to about 40 feet. In the Wyoming basin it is composed of two sets of strata. The lowest set is made up of com- paratively coarse pebbles, from almond size down to sandy particles of white and gray colors, with irregular layers of coarse-grained sandstones throughout the mass. The average thickness of this lower set may be taken at seventy-five feet. The upper set is about of the same thickness, but the pebbles in it are of less size generally, and the mixed sandstone layers are of a darker gray color, while the different layers are less massive. The line of separation of these two deposits is generally indicated by the interstratification of a small seam of carbonaceous slates and smut with occasional thin seams of coal (the A seam of the Rogers report). The slates, as also the rough surface of the conglomerates in contact with these slates, bear distinct impressions of fossil coal flora. The more sandy portions of the conglomerates make a very durable building stone, and where a fine dress or finish is not required the cost does not exceed much HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. that of the softer micaceous sandstones of the region. The white silicious kinds have been quarried to a consid- erable extent in the Nanticoke gap, and at the southerly end of the basin, for hearth stones at furnaces, on account of their strong resistance to the effect of heat. The peculiar characteristics of this rock would alone distinguish it among its associates; but apart from these its outcropping around the Wyoming basin can to a great extent be determined even in the distant view, as its white, rugged and broken terminal lines toward the sum- mit of the near mountain are in strong contrast with the sombre hues of the underlying Umbral rocks and the for- est shades, through which at many points it may be seen. While, as above stated, this formation varies greatly in thickness, it is yet a safe inference that there is not in the northern coal field an area of coal, be it ever so small, that has not for its base or floor the conglomerate rock in greater or less integrity of form or composition. There is no rock of greater persistence and none more uniform in mineral constitution, being of silex to the exclusion of almost all other mineral. The form, as has been stated, varies from pebble to sand, and this quite locally in places. Thus the valuable greenish-brown stone of Campbell's ledge, extensively quarried for building purposes, in all probability will prove to be in the stratigraphic position of the lower and coarser strata of the serai pebble con- glomerate; for in Solomon's gap there is a sandstone of the same color and composition, of circumscribed extent which is seen distinctly blending in each direction into a true pebble conglomerate, the lowest of the series. The rocks of the true or productive coal formation, in general, differ so much from those beneath them as to be readily distinguished. There are, however, found among them some beds in local positions which approxi- mate the form of the true conglomerate so far as to be distinguishable except by means of the accompanying measures. Purely silicious sandstones form but a small proportion of the great mass of this formation, and may readily be determined as belonging to the coal by their comparatively thin and irregular stratification. Alumina predominates in the composition of the coal measures, both in combination and in mixture with silex in the harder rock; while the carbonaceous slates and the shales consist almost purely of this mineral. The rock strata of the upper or later deposits are in general the most friable and soft, in consequence of the greater amount of alumina contained in the bond or mat- rix, and the mica which enters largely into the composi- tion of these upper measures. Much labor and thought has been expended in the effort to identify the several seams of coal in their extent throughout this basin, and to determine their synchron- isms with the seams of the other anthracite regions. In part only have these efforts been successful, and 'this mainly in the higher and more productive beds of the series; not alone for the reason that these seams have thus far been the principal grounds of mining operations and explorations, but mainly that they are the most per- sistent and even deposits of the group. Referring to the several seams below the nearly central seam, called at Wilkes-Barre the Baltimore, and in Pittston the Fourteen- Feet vein. Prof. Rogers makes the following remarks: " This group exhibits greater fluctuations in the dimen- sions and quality of the coal beds than any other sub- division of the whole coal formation. These fluctuations, it is appropriate to add, belong equally or in a greater degree to the rocks which fill the intervals between the coal beds. It would seem as if the physical conditions under which these earliest coal strata were deposited were more inconstant than those which belonged to the later stages of the formation. The spaces over which the nearly perfect state of repose of the surface prevailed necessary to the accumulation by slow growth of the vegetable peaty mass producing each seam of coal were, evidently, of a narrower geographical extent than after- ward; and the currents and disturbances of the earth's crust which buried these successive peat swamps under the clayey, sandy, and even coarse gravelly strata that rests upon or between them were obviously much more violent than in the middle and final ages of the great coal period. " Nowhere, perhaps, in the anthracite country are the proofs of this instability of the surface during the first stages of the coal formation more con- spicuously manifested than in the Wyoming and Lacka- wanna basin. Here we find in certain neighborhoods in the same few hundred feet thickness of the lower coal strata as many as ten or twelve separate beds of coal, while in other localities there exist not more than half or even a third of this number; and, what is more material, the very same individual bed which in one quarter pos- sesses an ample or indeed superabundant thickness is in another only a dwindled seam, too thin or too impure for profitable mining. Without attempting any close contin- uous tracing of the several coals, which can only be done when the district shall have become much more exten- sively mined, I may exemplify the variability of these coal measures by appealing to the very different types which they assume in the three meridians of Solomon's gap, southwest of Wilkes-Barre, Spring brook, southeast of Pittston, and the vicinity of Scranton. "At Solomon's gap the group of lower white ash coal measures, extending from the foot of the mountain north- west across the basin to the edge of the diluvial flats of the Susquehanna, includes in a thickness of 900 or 1,000 feet as many as thirteen beds of coal of various sizes from one foot to nineteen feet; and the total thickness of coal, fit and unfit for mining, embraced by this section may be estimated at nearly 84 feet. But out of this ag- gregate quantity the thickness susceptible of being profit- ably wrought does not probably amount in all to more than 45 or 50 feet. Traced east and west these coal beds undergo, even in the space of two or three miles, some very remarkable variations. Thus the fifth in position from the bottom enlarges in that distance from a thick- ness of 17 feet at Solomon's gap to the noble bulk of 28 feet opposite to Wilkes-Barre, beyond which neighbor- hood it seems again to decline even more rapidly than ^4* Mh 4 VARIATIONS IN THE COAL MEASURES. 189 towards the southwest. These fluctuations arise partly through the coalescing of two or more beds into one; or, conversely, through a splitting and diverging of the thicker seams into two or three thinner ones; or partly, again, by the gradual alterations of size of the same coals independently of such unions and subdivisions. "If we turn now to the district of Spring brook we shall find all the features of the formation so altered as to present not one subdivision, neither coal bed nor other stratum, which we can recognize or identify as a member of the series visible in the vicinity of Solomon's gap. In a total thickness of several hundred feet of coal measures, embraced between the outcrop of the main Pittston seam and the conglomerate of the mountain to the southeast, only six coals in all, according to the largest estimate, have ever been brought to light, after close and persevering researches, and only two of these appear to have a size and purity adapting them for successful mining. There would seem to take place between the neighborhood of Solomon's gap, or Wilkes- Barre, and this quarter a progressive impoverishment of these lower strata in the number and size of their in- cluded coal beds, and likewise in the rocks themselves, which thin down considerably. As a consequence this portion of the southern skirt of the valley conta.ins no collieries of any magnitude. "Another and opposite change back to a very productive condition of the coal measures is exhibited as we continue our progress along the same side of the basin northeast up the Lackawanna valley to the vicinity of Scranton." Later observations have served to show a general cor- rectness in these remarks, especially in reference to the great inconstancy of these lower seams. But the cause assigned for these irregularities — the slow undulatory movements, during the periods of deposition, in the planes upon which these measures were formed — may not be accepted, even though taken in connection with the idea of a probable great auxiliary cause, that of currents and floods. That these wave-like creepings were con- fined " to narrow geographical extents," as suggested, is not in accord with the now admitted synchronisms, and the consequent idea of an original unbroken level spread of the forming measures throughout the most remote known, limits of the anthracite coal formation. The agreement as regards position in the series, the order of inter-stratification of the slates with the coal of a seam, the specific characteristics of these materials, fracture, lustre, etc., and other data, have now become so familiar to practical investigators that with much confidence they may pronounce as to the identity of either of the prmci- pal seams of the series, whether in the northern, the middle, or the southern anthracite coal fields. While this degree of certitude may not be assumable in reference to some of the lesser seams, still the idea of circumscribed formations, isolated minor basins, is at variance with the conditions of these seams as observed in their outcroppings, however remote they may be from the centre of the basin. They do not present the indi- cation of volumes vanishing by the shoaling of basins, or any other appearance of terminal limits than (hose due to violent rupture and abrasion. The seams of coal cut by mountain gorges can be seen to preserve their thick- ness up to their present broken termini, be these ever so near the summit of the mountain upon which they spread. And this remark will apply equally to both sides of the basin. Nor do we find in' the working of these seams any evi- dences of limited basins of formation. If the seam proves to be of irregular thickness, the cause is as often idicated to be from the roof as from the floor, and in many instances from both roof and floor. An impinge- ment above or from below, or in both directions of the enveloping rocks, to the extent in some instances of an entire squeezing out of the thin plastic or pulpy coal mat- ter, is not uncommon, particularly in the smaller lower seams; but these prove to be only interruptions and not termini of the seams. These conditions have been proved at a number of mines in this region, and over a compar- atively large mine area, even in the bottom seam; es- pecially in the old Lee mine at Nanticoke, now being operated extensively by the Susquehanna Coal Company. While we may not explain in a fully satisfactory man- ner the causes of these minor deviations, as the splitting or division of a seam of coal into two or more seams and their coalescence again within limited areas, yet it will be admitted as possible that they may have been from causes independent of those great seismic or plutonic rupturing forces from which resulted the mountain and the vale, subsequent, however, to the formation of the coal. The subsidence of limited areas after the growth and accumulation of a certain amount of coal forming material, in consequence of the shifting and underlying g^ands, the removal of mineral matter by solution, the action of sub-currents of water, the further solidifying and shrinkage of underlying earthy and vegetable mat- ter, would all be within the scope of possible causes; re- quiring, then, to complete the conditions only the prev- alence for a time of a turbid flood over the depressed area, and a succeeding growth or accumulation of the coal forming materials. These views are in accord with other evidences sup- porting the theory of the contemporary formation of the coal of Pennsylvania and the original continuity of the several fields the one with the other, over a then level area probably of much greater extent than is indicated by the present very irregular ruptured limits. Tlie great spread of the underlying Umbral measures through much of the now coalless areas that separate these regions, supporting as they do in many places isolated tracts of the serai conglomerate — from which, presumably, the coal has been removed by denudation — is a circumstance strong in evidence of a former uninterrupted spread of the coal formation; a continuous marsh or boggy expanse, supporting a growth of vegetation rapid beyond that of the present most luxuriant districts of the tropics, and in atmosphere reeking with warm moisture, impenetrable to the rays of the sun and surcharged with carbon to an extent that precluded the existence of vegetable life other than that of the flowerless and fruitless endqgen, the *ih <¥ 190 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. palm, the fern, the club-moss and their congeners, and of animal life of higher organizations than those of the dragon-fly, the beetle and the myriapode. Surface explorations to determine the position of a seam of coal in the order of the series for the purpose of identification may in some instances be readily accom- plished, but in others it is found difficult and at some localities impossible, in consequence of hid- den outcroppings, increase of the number of outcrop- pings by divisions of the seams, the distortion and dis- guise of seams by changes of the volume and quality of the coal, &c. Still, by careful attention to all the features of the seam in question, its accompanying slates and partings, the order of superposition of its beds of bony coal and its checkered coal, its basal fire-clay and its fos- sils, as above stated, the assemblage will in most in- stances prove the means of identification of the seam in other and remote localities. Statement of Synonyms. Local Names of Coal Seams of the Wyoming Coal Basin, At Scranton, C seam. ~| AtWilkes-Barre,the > Abbot seam, . . .1 At VVilkes-Barre, Bow- kley. At Plymouth, the Gould seam. At Scranton, the Dseam At Wilkes-Barre, the Hillman. At Ply- mouth, the Lance. At Scranton, the E At Scranton, the F seam. At Wilkes- Barre, the Slocura seam, at Plymouth, not worked, . . At Carbondale, the Main or Big seam. At Scranton, the G. At Pittston, the Fourteen-feet seam. At Wilkes-Barre, the Baltimore seam. At Plymouth it includes the Cooper and the Bennet seams, . . At Scranton, H seam. At Solomon's Gap, the Ross seam. At Plymouth, the Wal- ler seam, .... At Scranton, the I seam. At Solomon's Gap, the C seam, . At Scranton, the K seam. At Wilkes- Barre, and general- )■ ly, the Bottom Red Ash seam fejj S-5P Names of the same Seams in the Mid- dle and South Coal Fields. H D The I seam. Orchard seam. The Primrose seam. The Holmes seam. Mammoth seam. Wharton or Skidmore seam. The C seam. The Buck Mountain seam. By this method of comparison of the seams of the Wyoming basin with those of the middle and southern coal fields, the foregoing most generally accepted conclu- sions have been reached in reference to coincidence of periods of formation and identity of seams in the several anthracite coal fields of the State. The A seam, as above stated, is in the conglomerate, and not of workable dimensions or quality. The lower part of the B seam yields a red ash, hence its name. This property it has throughout the basin, wherever tested, while all the other coals, with very few and quite local exceptions, give a white or gray ash; and in this respect differ from the coals of the other regions, which to a great extent from the higher seam yield a red ash. *> - C s a c c s X " a Q^ ^ B, Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet. Feet. K seam, . . . 5 J " • ■ • 4 4 I " ... 5 6 7 H " 6 8 6 G " 12 8 5 F " .... 4 S 3 3 3 E " 22 14 14 24 21 D " . S 8 7 8 4 C " 4 6 8 6 9 B " .... 4 5 4 II 20 39 61 36 83 59 As above stated, seams of coal vary much, even within short distance, both as to thickness and quality; therefore a general statement will only present an approximate aver- erage. These figures represent the thickness of the seams in their entirety; the included slates and bone coal or refuse vary greatly in even the same seam in different localities. Deductions are further increased by the waste of some tiers of good coal, often left in the mines be- cause of a little more work required in their separation from slates, their checkered fracture or want of lustre; much of which waste is in consequence of strong compe- tition in a generally overstocked market. The average deduction to be made in estimating the product of a seam would probably be not less than twenty-five per cent, of the thickness above given. As before remarked, the entire depth of the coal meas- ures over the conglomerate varies greatly in the different sections of the Wyoming coal basin; towards the north- east end, as at Carbondale, its depth is probably not more than 250 feet; while at Scranton and the district below, as far as Pittston, it is of more than double this depth. At Wilkes-Barre the depth is over 1,200 feet, which depth increases to the section approaching the Dundee shaft, about a mile to the northeast of the town of Nanticoke, where within the narrow limits of less than a mile the great depth of 1,500 or 1,600 feet takes place. From this section southwestward the basin shoals, so that near the town of Nanticoke its depth does not probably exceed 900 feet; and this decrease of depth f- <^ ^h MIDDLE COAL FIELD BASINS. 191 continues on to the southwest in the manner hereinbefore mentioned, so that on the diminishing terminal area of the Salem Coal Company, west of the Susquehanna river, the two remaining seams, B and C, are included in a depth of measures not more than 50 feet; while, as before stated, at the distance of about a mile westward from the river these measures rise out and vanish. The latest deposits of coal of the series, and the greatest exhibit of denudation, exist in a very limited district, the ridge which stretches from North street to Mill creek, between Main street and the river, in the city of Wilkes-Barre. Here the seams J and K are found, but not elsewhere throughout the valley. There are rea- sons for the inference that these deposits took place at or very near the close of the carboniferous epoch; as on the summit of the ridge, near Mill creek, there is a deposit of impure reddish-brown limestone in which may be seen many traces of purely marine fossils, while in a black slate at no great distance below, but above any deposit of coal, we find marine fossil shells, the Pecten imbedded with the Modiolia; as may be seen by many specimens in the cabinet of the Wyoming Historical and Geological Society at Wilkes-Barre. This, then, would seem to be the horizon of another formation — the Permian limestone and the new red sandstone — and the period of the first appearance of air-breathing or true reptiles, the Saurians. A portion of the middle coal field, its eastern ter- minal basins, is within the limits of Luzerne county. The principal basins of this section are known as the Hazleton, Big Black, Little Black, Lower Black and Green Mountain basins. The largest of these is the Hazleton basin, about fourteen miles in length. The lengths of the others vary between seven and eleven miles; while the greatest width is that of the Hazelton basin, which is three-fourths of a mile. Eastward these basins are drained by Sandy run. Laurel creek and the northerly branches of Quakake creek, tributaries of the Lehigh river; westward by Black creek, a branch of the Nescopeck, whose junction with the Susquehanna river is opposite the town of Berwick, in Columbia county. _ The coal seams in these basins do not range higher in the series than the E or Mammoth; which E seam is in many places thicker than in the Wyoming b.isin except in the locality of Wilkes-Barre; and the lower B, C and D have in general a greater and more even tliickness than those of the northern basin. There is no section of the coal fields where mining has been attended with greater success, both as respects economy of operating and finan- cial results. Charles F. Ingham. 4= ih ILKES-BARRE, one of the five townships allotted by the Susquehanna Company to the Connecticut settlers in 1768, was sur- veyed in 1770 by David Meade and named in honor of John Wilkes and Colonel Barre, members of Parliament and distinguished advocates for liberty and the rights of the colo- nies before they were won by the war for independence. Early History and Settlement. In 1742 most of the Delawares, under their chief Tad- ame, came to Wyoming and built a village on the flats below the present site of Wilkes-Barre, the minority set- tling at the same time on the Juniata, near Lewistown. About a mile below this Delaware village, " Maughwau- wame," near the line between Wilkes-Barre and Hanover, the "grasshopper" war is said to have been fought between the Delawares and the Shawanese. By order of the Su-' prerae Executive Council, probably issued as much with an intent to crush the projects of New Englanders about to colonize in Wyoming as for any especial regard for the wishes of Teedyuscung, in 1758 ten log houses " twenty feet by fourteen in the clear, and one twenty- four by sixteen, of squared logs and dove-tailed," were built for the Delaware chief and his followers. These were the first dwelling houses erected in Wyoming. Other buildings were subsequently erected there, for on the night of April 19th, 1763, the dwelling of Teedyus- cung and twenty others around it were set on fire by a party of Iroquois who had visited the village under the guise of friendship, and the chief, under the influence of liquor, perished in the flames. This was an act of savage vengeance for the death of an Iroquois warrior at the hand of Teedyuscung in 1758. The settlement of Wilkes-Barre by whites begun within the limits of the present city. According to a certified warrant map of AVilkes-Barre, which has been consulted, the land now embraced within the township limits was granted to the following named persons: Wilbur Ben- nett, Ebenezer Bowman, Samuel Bowman, Robert Ben- nett, Lord Butler, Hugh Conner, Aziel Dana, Anderson Dana, Amelia Durkee, Jabez Fish, Jesse Fell, Hugh Forseman, Matthias HoUenback, Rev. Jacob Johnson, William Ross, Jonathan Slocum, Stephen Tuttle, Andrew Wickeizer, Conrad Wickeizer and Elizabeth Wigton. Early Government. Prior to 1772, the small population beingbusily engaged in the pioneer steps of agriculture, there was no organized local government, nor was such needed under the exist- ing circumstances. Owing to the unsettled condition of civil affairs, arising from disputed proprietorship, the lo- cal government was inseparable from that of the five townships as organized by the Susquehanna Company in 1773; each of which was entitled to three representatives, whose duty it was to meet in Wilkes-Barre every three months for the settlement of any disputes which arose from time to time. June 2nd, 1773, Major John Durkee, Captain Zebulon Butler and Obadiah Gore, jr., residents of Wilkes-Barre, were appointed to serve in such capacity until the first Monday of the following December. The laws were not elaborate, though sometimes en- forced with undue zeal; they required that the people live orderly, soberly and peaceably and were impartially executed. Idleness and disorder were punished at the whipping-post and at the stocks. The more serious crimes of burglary and adultery were sometimes attended with exclusion from the community or forfeiture of prop- erty. Some Early Land Sales. Lands in Wilkes-Barre, as the town was then bounded, were very cheap in the early days. From records of sales in 1772-3 it appears that lots brought the following low prices : July 6th, 1772, Silas Gore sold to Jonathan Stowell of Ashford, Conn., for ^20, one whole settling right, which included " the home or house lot No. 28, the meadow lot No. 50 and the third division or back lot No. 44-" August 2ist, 1772, Asa Stephens sold to Enoch Judd for ^43 one settling right, "being meadow lot No. 20, house lot No. 27, and back lot No. 8." February 22nd, 1773, Elijah Loomis, of Harrington, Litchfield county. Conn., sold to Elisha Swift a whole right, includ- ing " town lot No. 3, meadow lot 28 and back lot No. ^H= -f *4h -^^ WILKES-BARRE A COUNTY SEAT— EARLY INHABITANTS, 193 26," for £100. The old Wilkes-Barre burying ground, with an area of nearly three acres, was purchased in 1772 for ^9, lod; and in that burial place were laid to rest many whose names will live in the history of Wyoming long after the monuments erected to their memory shall have crumbled into dust — the fathers and mothers and defenders of the valley. Wilkes-Barre A Westmoreland District. At the first town meeting for the town of Westmoreland, held March ist and 2nd, 1774, Wilkes-Barre was made a district of the said town, which included all of the settle- ments from the Delaware river to fifteen miles beyond the Susquehanna and from the Lehigh north to Tioga Point. In 1776 a struggle occurred between Wilkes-Barre and Kingston for the county seat of Westmoreland, which during that year was created a county by the Assembly of Connecticut. The contest terminated disastrously to the last named settlement. The first court of the new county was held at Fort Wyoming, on the river bank at the foot of Northampton street. From 1778 to 1782, when the Connecticut jurisdiction ceased, the courts were held in Fort Wilkes-Barre, on the public square. In the measures taken by the authorities of the town of Westmoreland for the public weal and progress, resi- dents of Wyoming, the Wilkes-Barre district, bore an important and conspicuous part, holding many offices; but the civil history of Westmoreland, embracing so extensive a territory, cannot be treated in an article relating to the township of Wilkes-Barre, which by a decree of the county court in 1790 became one of the eleven original townships of Luzerne county recently organized. Those honored with positions of trust in the town of We-itmoreland were Zebulon Butler, Anderson Dana and other residents of Wilkes-Barre. Captain Butler was chosen moderator at the first and several suc- ceeding town meetings. After a period of rivalry on the part of the citizens of Kingston Wilkes-Barre was regarded as the most import- ant point in the town, and there most of the public busi- ness was transacted. At the second town meeting, held April nth and 12th, 1774, it was voted "that for ye. present ye tree that now stands northerly from Captain Butler's house shall be ye town sign-post." This house stood on the corner of Northampton and River streets in the town-plot, and the tree stood on the river bank. "This matter of a legal sign-post," says iVIiner, "is of weightier import than, without explanation, might be imagined. Newspapers in those days were little known save in the larger cities. It had therefore been enacted that a sign-post be established in each town, on which notices of public sales, stray animals taken up, etc., should be nailed or placed to render them legal. It is proper to add that as an accompaniment to the sign-post, which was also the legal whipping-post, a pair of stocks was provided for a punishment of the guilty and warning to deter from crime. These (now abjured) monuments of civilization and law were derived from England, and brought over, nay, almost venerated by our Puritan fathers." That this tree had previously been used as a public sign-post is evident from a notice dated November iSth, 1772, which can be seen at the rooms of the Wyoming Historical and Geological Society. It is a call for a town meeting of the proprietors and shows the perforations of the tacks which held it to the tree. By the operation of the Trenton decree of December 3ot-h, 1782, the jurisdiction of Wyoming was transferred from Connecticut to Pennsylvania and the town of Westmore- land ceased to exist. WiLIsF.S-BaRKE UNIIER THE CoUNTY ORGANIZATION. Upon the erection of Luzerne county a strife arose be- tween Wilkes-Barre and Forty Fort, in Kingston, as to which should be the county town, which for various rea- sons was ultimately decided in favor of the former. From 17S2 to 1786 no courts had been held at Wilkes-Barre, as under the Trenton decree Northumberland was the seat of justice of what had been Westmoreland. The first court of the newly created Luzerne county was held May 27th, 1787, at the residence of Zebulon Butler, at the corner of River and Northampton streets, the site of the present residence of Hon. Stanley Woodward. The public offices were in that building for several years, in charge of the celebrated Timothy Pickering, who per- formed the multifarious duties of prothonotary, register, recorder and clerk of the courts. The. civil history of Wilkes-Barre under the Luzerne county organization is even more difficult to trace than that of a prior date, there being no regularly kept town- ship records in existence. The township increased stead- ily in population after it was known that settlement would be allowed to proceed peacefully. In 1799 '^^ list of taxable inhabitants of the township was as follows : Charles and Stephen Abbott, Edward Austin, Christopher Avery, Thomas A. Alkin, William Askara, .lohii Ale.vander, Asa Bennett, Charles Bennett, Wilbur Bennett, Eleazer Bhickman, Cain Billings, Timothy Behee. Clark Behee, Isaac Bowman, Stephen Barnes, John Carey, Hug-h Conner, Arnold Colt, Matthew Cover, Putnam Catlin, Cor- nelius Courtriffht, Henry Courtright, .lohn Courtrig-ht, James Conlin, Peter Corbit, Nathan Draper, Isaac Decker, Daniel Downing, Daniel Downing, jr.. Reuben Downing, Joseph Davis, Aziel Dana, Alexander Dana, Silvester Dana, Thomas Duane, James Di.xon, William Dixon, Ar- thur Eick, Jacob Ely, JabezFish, Jesse Fell, Daniel Foster, Daniel Gore, Timothy Green, Willard Green, William Augustus George. Daniel Grid- ley, Matthias Hollenback. Jonathan Hancock, Godfrey Hitchcock, Oliver Helme, Jacob Hart, Lewis Hartsoutf, Solomon Johnson, Jacob Johnson, Jehoiada P. Johnson, Christiana Johnson, Jacob Jenong, Luther Jones, Reuben Jones, John Kennedy, jr., James Kennedy, Daniel Kelly, Joseph Kelly, James Morgan, Richard Maybury, Thomas Marshal, Enoch Ogden, Jacob Ossencup, Samuel Pease, Nathan Palmer, Benjamin Perry, Ben- jamin Potts, John Potts, Mary Phillips, John Pooder, David Richards, William Ross, Eloph Ross, John Koseorants, .laoob Rosecrants, Widow Roseerants, Thomas Read, William Russell, John Paul Sehott, William Slocum, Joseph Slocurn, Benjamin Slocum, Ebenezer Slocum, Jonathan Slocum. Eunice .«prague, Polly Stevens, Obadiah Smith, Paul Stark, Henry Stark, William Shoemaker, Joshua Squire, Henry Tilbury, Stephen Tuttle, Benjamin Truesdale, Elias Vanderma\-k, Nathan Waller, Phineas Waller, Eliab Waller, Andrew Wickeizer, Conrad Wickeizer, Joseph Wright, Thomas Wright, Philip Weekes, Thomas Weekes, Jona- than Wildman, Henry Wilson, James VVestbrook, Richard Westbrook, Justice Wollcott, Crandal Wilcox, Isaac Wilcox, William Wright and Roswell Wells. By subsequent alterations of the township limits the lands owned by many of the above named persons fell within other township boundaries. The area of Wilkes- *^N 4^ 25 194 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 4= Barre township has been reduced as follows at the dates given : By the erection of Wilkes-Barre borough, March 17th, 1806; by the erection of Covington township in January, 1818; by the setting off of a portion to form part of Plains township, November loth, 1S51; by the erection of Bear Creek township, April 7th, 1806; and by the erection of the city of Wilkes-Barre, May 4th, 1871. As a matter of interest, the names of some of the early constables are appended, though it has been found im- possible to complete the list. The successive constables elected by the combined vote of the township and bor- ough, previous to 1819, were as follows : Josiah l.,ewis, 1806; Enoch Ogden, 1807; Jonathan Bulklev, 1808; Isaac Carpenter, 1809; Peter Yarrington, 1810; Joseph Vonsick, 1811; Andrew Coget, 1812; John Hancock, 1813-15; Phineas Walker, i8i6; James Gridley, 1818. The first high constable elected was George Griffin, a member of the Luzerne county bar. He did not qualify for the reason that it was decided that the two positions were incompatible. A special election was ordered to fill the vacancy thus occasioned, and Peter Yarrington was elected and sworn in. The first constable elected by the voters of the borough for "Wilkes-Barre, county town," was Barnet Ulp, in 1819. John Hancock, son of Jonathan Hancock, was his deputy. Borough History. The Wilkes-Barre town plot was surveyed in 1772, by Colonel John Durkee. It was near the center of the township north and south, on the river, and embraced two hundred acres of land, laid out in eight squares, with a diamond (the public square) in the center. By the opening of Washington and Franklin streets these squares were afterward divided into sixteen parallelograms. March lyth, 1806, the borough of Wilkes-Barre was duly incorporated, embracing the town plot and the pub- lic common bordering the river, according to the follow- ing survey: Beginning at a stake at low water marlj, on the south side of the north- east branch of the Susquehanna river, and running thence south thirty- four degrees forty minutes east, ninety-four perches, to a stalte on the main street; thence on the south side of said street south thirty-four degrees forty minutes east, siity-four perches and two-tenths of a perch, to the south corner of said town plot; thence on the southeast side of said back street, and continuing that course flfty-flve degrees twenty minutes, four hundred and Ave (106) perches, to a post where that line intersects the north side of .Jacob Johnson's lot; thence on the line of said lot north flfty-one degrees thirty minutes west, ninety-nine perches to a post; thence south flfty-flve degrees twenty minutes west one hundred and eighteen perches, to a post on the north side of North street; thence north thirty-four deg-rees forty minutes west, fifty-six perches, to an iron bolt in a rock at low water mark of the said Susque- hanna river ; thence down the said river the several courses thereof at low water mark to the place of beginning. By act of Assembly approved March 13th, 1847, the borough limits were changed as follows: That portion of the borough lying northeasterly of North street which runs southeasterly and northwesterly below the tannery of Bow- man & Lewis in said borough is separated from the borough and at- tached to the township of Wilkes-Barre, and the upper or northeasterly side of said North street eitending from the Susquehanna river to the southeasterly line of the borough shall be the northeastern boundary and the line between the borough and township of Wilkes-Barre. ' By an act passed in 1868 the limits were a second time changed, as follows: Beginning at a point on the Susquehanna river, at low water mark, in line with the northerly side of North street ; thence along North street to the road leading to Coal brook ; thence along the northerly side nf said road about twenty rods ; thence by a line nearly parallel with Canal street to the southei-ly side of the towing path of the canal ; thence along the southerly side of the towing path of the North Branch Canal to apoint in line with the division between lots number 23 and 33 of eer- tifled Wilkes-Barre ; thenoe along that line aboutone hundred and flfty- three rods toward the river Susquehanna ; thence by a line parallel with River street to a point on the river aforesaid, at low water mark; thence up the said river to the beginning. By an ordinance approved May 2nd, 1870, the follow ing territory was added to the borough: Beginning at the southwesterly corner of the borough, thence south- westerly by the prolongation of the southwesterly line of the borough to a point on the westerly side of the Careytown road; thence south- westerly and along the westerly side of said road to a point opposite the division line of the lands of B. W. Sturdevantand of the estate of Mary Richards, deceased; thence southeasterly by the said division line and the prolongation thereof to a point on the easterly side of the roadway of the Lehigh and Susquehanna railroad; thence northerly along the easterly side of said railroad roadway to the westerly bank of Coal Brook; thence northerly along the westerly bank of said brook to the southerly bank of Mill creek; thence westerly along the southerly bank of Mill creek to the Susquehanna river at low water mark; thence southwesterly down the river at low water mark to the northwesterly corner of the borough; and thence by the northerly, easterly and south- erly lines of the borough to the point of beginning. By an ordinance approved October 29th, 1870, another addition was made to the territory of the borough, as follows: Beginning at a point on the easterly line of the borough in the pro- longation of the southerly line of Stanton street or road toward the borough lines ; thence by said line and the southerly lineof said Stanton street or road southeasterly to the easterly side of the Empire road; thence northeasterly along the easterly side of said Empire road to the northerly side of Coal street ; northwesterly to a point in the prolonga- tion of the line between lands of Mrs. Ellen J. Wells and the Hollenback Coal Company; thence by said line northwesterly to a point on the easterly line of the borough in the line of the prolongation of the south- erly side of Union street, and thence by the easterly line of the borough to the point of beginning. The act creating the borough did not separate it from the township of Wilkes-Barre nor constitute it an inde- pendent election district, but left its citizens still inhabit- ants of the township, its voters being voters at the town- ship elections for the township officers until 1818 or 1819, when the borough ceased to have any connection with the township election and from that time forward elected its own constable under the somewhat lengthy title of "Constable of Wilkes-Barre, County-Town;" but ii was not until 1835 or 1836 that the borough was made a ep- arate election district and ceased to vote with the to.-n- ship at general election. The first mentioned of the t.vo changes above referred to was effected by an action of the voters in Wilkes-Barre township outside the borough limits, who took possession of the election board and ballot boxes and denied the right of any resident of the borough to vote for township officers; and at the suc- ceeding session of the Legislature the borough was era- powered to elect its own constable, of which right the voters availed themselves as above stated. Jesse Fell was named in the act of incorporation as a commissioner to proclaim the first borough election which was held May 6th, 1806. There is no record of the number of votes polled, but it has been estimated at about sixty. As the result of that election Jesse Fell became the first burgess and Matthias Hollenback Ros- well Wells, Lord Butler, Arnold Colt, Nathan pLlmer, Charles Miner and Samuel Bowman constituted the first i)* ^h i C. D. FOSTER. Charles D. Foster was born in the township of Dallas, Luzerne county, where his parents were residing tem- porarily, on the 2Sth of November, 1836. His father was Phineas Nash Foster, of the substantial Yankee stock from Connecticut; his mother was Mary P. Johnson, a granddaughter of the Rev. Jacob Johnson, the pioneer Congregational minister of Wyoming. Mr. P. N. Foster was a prosperous farm- er of Jackson township, near Huntsville, having inherited his ancestral acres, upon which he lived from the age of seven years to the day of his death. Charles D., being the sole heir, is now the owner of one of the most exten- sive farms in this part of Luzerne county, cover- ing an area of over a mile square, lying part- ly in Jackson and part- ly in Dallas. Mr. Fos- ter assisted his father in doing the usual work on the farm until he arrived at the age of twenty years, in the meantime attending the district schools during the winter months. At that age he entered Wyoming Seminary, at Kingston, Pa., and re- mained there three years, graduating with the first of his class. After this he taught the village school in Jack- son one year ; he also taught school in the State of Illinois for a short time. Returning to his father's farm he remained there about a year, after which he entered as a law student the office of Lyman Hakes, of Wilkes-Barre, and in due time was admitted to practice as a member of the bar of Luzerne county. Mr. Foster early identified himself with the Republican party, and has labored in a quiet way for the promotion of the principles of that party ever since; he has never sought nor obtained any office in the gift of the people. He was solicited to become a candidate for represent- ative for the Wilkes-Barre district in the campaign of 1880, but he preferred the ease of a quiet home to the perplexities of a Pennsylvania legislator, and made no effort to secure the nomination. In 1862 he joined a company of home guards, shouldered a musket, marched with the Pennsylvania mili- tia into Maryland and stood ready to defend the integrity of the commonwealth, within sound of McClellan's and Lee's guns at the bloody field on the banks of the Antietam creek. On the 4th of Octo- ber, 1865, Mr. Foster married Miss Mary Jane Hosgland, daugh- ter of Amos Hoagland, of Newark, N. J. They have two daughters, Narcissa Florence and Lillie Blanche, but no sons. Mr. Foster's resi- dence is an unpretend- ing one on Franklin street, below Market; and though his busi- ness is strictly that of a lawyer with large practice, he takes great pleasure in overseeing and managing his large farm in Jackson, and makes frequent visits thither with his fine team of horses ; not only as a matter of business but also to- gratify his filial devotion to his aged mother, who still resides at the modest farm-house where she has spent the greater part of her long life, and prefers the familiar scenes and objects of her early womanhood to all the wealth and splendor that a city can afford. 4 =K^ Hh =^H PETER PURSEL (Deceased). The subject of this sketch, a prominent and influential citizen of Wilkes- Barre for many years, was born in New Jersey, October 17th, 1814, and was married April 9th, 1836, to Mary Pursel, of Bucks county. Pa. In 1839 they removed to Wilkes-Barre and soon afterward rented a farm of William Swetland, near Wyoming. It was not long, however, before Mr. Pursel bought a large lumber property in Bear Creek township, which proved to be profitable under his management. Thence he removed to Pittston, where for several years he had charge of the Maryland Coal Company's works; thence to Easton, Pa., thence again to Bear Creek township, where Mr. Pursel purchased the W'^illiams tract and re-engaged in lumbering on a very extensive scale. After awhile he a second time made Wilkes-Barre the family home, carry- ing on a successful omnibus business until it was render- ed unprofitable by the growing railway interests of the section, when he embarked in the livery business and other similar pursuits. It has been said by one who knew him that '' Mr. Pursel was always a successful man in business; a man of strong will; a true friend but a good hater." Like every man with such a character, he had many friends and ex- erted a decided influence on the public and private affairs of the community in which he lived. He was, in fact, a strictly self-made man, and as an index to his success in life it may be stated that he was for some years postmaster of Wilkes-Barre; and at the time of his death, which occurred January 8th, 1874, was president of the Wilkes-Barre Savings Bank, president of the Lee Park Trotting Association, and one of the six special members of the city council, to which honorable office Judge Garrick M. Harding appointed him, although of opposing political views, a mark of trust and distinction to which his official conduct proved him to be justly en- titled. Politically, he was a steadfast and uncompromis- ing Democrat. Mr. and Mrs. Pursel had four children born to them, three of whom, with their mother, are living. Their names were, in the order of their nativity, Ellen, Ark, Sallie and Daniel. Sallie died at the family residence, on Union street, July 7th, 1868, in her twenty-six year. She had been an invalid for seven years. The Christian resignation with which she endured suffering was remark- able, and that she was more than ready for the great change which must come to us all could not but be ap- parent. She had a mind thoroughly cultivated and a spirit subservient to the will of God; she had no words except words of comfort to her sorrowing parents and brothers and sister to the end. ^ =*i^ ^h =^^ CIVIL HISTORY OF WILKES-BARRE. '95 council. May 14th, i8o6, the first meeting of the bor- ough council took place, and a more efficient board never met. They were all first-class men socially and in business life. Messrs. Hollenback and Butler were the principal merchants of the town. Messrs. Wells and Palmer were lawyers of ability; Charles Miner, the sub- sequent historian of Wyoming, was a printer and the editor of the Federalist, and a leader in borough affairs as long as he remained a member of the council; Arnold Colt, a blacksmith by trade, was a man of sterling quali- ties. Peleg Tracy was appointed clerk. Soon after organizing, the council adopted a series of rules for the government of its proceedings, the last of which imposed a fine of twenty-five cents upon a councilman for non- attendance at regularly authorized meetings. These regulations were thirty-two in number, and are said to have been drawn up by Charles Miner. Rule thirty-sec- ond first had application in the case of Colonel Hollen- back, who was absent at the second meeting of the coun- cil and was accordingly fined. Owing to the incompleteness of the early records of the borough the names of those who served as burgess between 1806 and 181 1 do not appear. The names of ilie successive incumbents of that office from the latter date to the incorporation of Wilkes-Barre as a city are as follows: Lord Butler, 1811-13 ; Jesse Fell, 1811-18 ; Matthias Hollenback, 1819 ; Thomas Dyer, 1820-23: Ebenezer Bowman, 1823; David Scott, 1824-26; John N. Conying-ham, 1827, 1834-37 ; Garrick Mallery, 1828 ; George Deni- son, 1829 ; Josiah Orlando Lewis, 1830-33 ; Porter, 1833 ; Hendrick B. WriKht, 1838 ; Joseph P. Le Clere, 1839, 1840 ; Isaac Gray, 1841, 1842; Blea- zer Carey, 1843 ; Augustus C. Laning, 1844, 184.5; Joseph B. Williams, 1846, 1847 ; Gilbert Burrows, 1848 ; Benjamin Drake, 1849 ; Sidney Tracy, 1850 ; Oliver Helme, 1851 ; Charles A. Lane, 1852 ; H. B. Hillman, ia53, 1854 ; W. W. Loomis, 18.55-62 ; Charles Bennett, 1862-64 ; B. B. Harvey, 1865 ; J. B. Stark, 1866, 1867 ; David L. Patrick, 1868, 1869 ; I. M. Kirkendall, 1870. Under an act of the Legislature of the commonwealth of Pennpylvania for the regulation of boroughs, passed in 1851, a new charter was granted to Wilkes-Barre borough at the April term of court in 1855, under which it existed until 1871. The names of those who served as justice of the peace in the districts of which Wilkes-Barre formed the whole or a portion previous to the adoption of the constitution of 1838 have been given elsewhere. The following is a list of those who have been incumbents of that office in Wilkes-Barre township and borough since that date, with the years of their election: William P. Johnson, 1840 ; John Stark, 1840, 1845 ; Lyman C. Kidder, 1845; Matthew Wood, 1850; James Williams, 1860 ; Matthias Belles, 1854; ■ John Louder, 1857, 1867; George Sleppy, 1857 ; Christian Gruver, 1860 ; Daniel Harkins, 1867; James B. Clarke, 1869 : Jacob Kocher, 1869 ; Lau- rence Heerey, 1870 ; Owen Boyle, 1870; John Hughes, 1874; P. J. Foley, 187ti ; Thomas Dyer, 1840, 1845 ; Eleazer Carey, 1840 ; Jacob I. Dennis, 1841; Gilt.irt Burrows, 1845, 18.50, 1855 ; Bliphalet A. Bulkley, 1840 ; Joseph B. Will;.' ms, 1850; Stephen Vaughn, 1851, 1850, 1801; George S. Grotf, 1851; 1856; -'harpD. Lewis, 1859, 18St, 1869; B.A.Barnes, 1858; Charles Ben- nett, ;.!61; Charles A. Zoigler, 186i, 1887; Matthew Wood, 1860, 1867; Frederick J. Helfrlch, 1863 ; B. B. Harvey, 1866, 1871 ; Jacob Bertels; 1863 ; Sanford E. Parsons, 1865, 1870 ; Sylvester Dana, 1865 ; A. B. Winder, 1869. Wilkes-Barre a City. The city of Wilkes-Barre was incorporated by an act of Assembly approved May 24th, 1871, and included the borough of Wilkes-Barre and all of the township of Wilkes- Barre lying west of the Empire road, projected northerly to the township line of Plains and southerly to the town- ship line of Hanover. It was divided into fifteen wards. The first municipal election resulted in the choice of the following officers : L M. Kirkendall, mayor ; F. D. Vose, high constable ; Isaac S. Osterhout, Adolph Voigt and J. A. Rippard, auditors. The following named gentlemen composed the first board of councilmen : J. E. Clarke, M. Regan, J. C. Williamson, H. B. Hillman, Hiram Wentz, William A. Swan, Walter G. Sterling, H. C. Fry, George H. Parrish, Charles A. Miner, C. P. Kidder, Joseph Schilling, Anthony Helfrich, C. B. Dana, and John Gilligan. The following named persons have served successively as mayor: 1871-73, I. M. Kirkendall ; 1874-76, M. A. Kearney; 1877-79, W. W. Loomis. Thomas Broderick was elected in 1880. The following named citizens have been elected alder- men in their respective wards in the years given : First.— Levi Jones, 1872; Thomas Flaherty, 1877; M. Cannon, 1879. Second.-John C. Hilbert, 1871 ; Edward E. Barrett, 1876. Third.— John F. Donohue, 1876. Fourth.- Charles L. Bulkeley, 1874, 1879. Fifth.— M. J. Philbin, 1871, 1876 ; James Thomas, 1879. Sixth.— B. H. Hawk, 1873; Michael Mui-phy, 1878. Seventh. -W. S. Parsons, 1872, 1877. Eighth.— Charles A. Zeigler, 1872, 1877. Ninth.— David Caird, 1871; Jeremiah Eooney, 1878. Tenth.— Benjamin F. Bailey, 1873; J. A. Wood, 1878. Eleventh.— Matthew Wood, 1872 ; Luther M. Chase, 1876 ; James Higgs. Twelfth.— C. B. Sutton, 1874, 1879. Thirteenth.- Frederick A. Seybert, 1871; Jacob Gutendorf, 1874; George Baer, 1879. Fourteenth.- Owen O'Boyle, 1876. Thomas Q. Wagner, 1873; John B. Quick, 1876. Population. In 1772 the population of Wilkes-Barre was so small that there were within its borders only five white women; but during the year several of the settlers went east to bring out their families. The whole number of buildings in 1784 was 26, and 23 of these were burned by the Pen- namites during that year. The population of the village in 1800 is not definitely known; but the entire number of taxables in the township, as then bounded, the previous year was 121. At the date of the incorporation of the borough (1806) the number of persons living within its limits is said to have been about 500, and there were only 48 houses between North and South streets. The borough had attained to a population of 732 in 1820. In 1830 it was 1,201; in 1840, 1,718; in 1850, 2,723; in i860, 4,259. About this time the borough began that rapid growth which caused the number of its inhabitants to reach 10,174 in 1870 and to increase to 23,340 in 1880 out of a total of 130,000 for Luzerne county. Events of Historical Interest. The history of the city of Wilkes-Barre has never been written. Those early events which have made its name and location famous to all readers of the pioneer history of Pennsylvania have been recorded from time to time in the various works relating to Wyoming and its tragic past, and isolated articles have appeared which treated of special elements in its growth and prosperity, while a few of the operations incident to its earlier ad- vancement have formed not uninteresting portions of the works above referred to; but the history of the city, as -^'^ =^N- 196 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. such, treating of its commercial, educational, social, reli- gious and municipal growth is first attempted in this volume. Those events which occurred within the limits of the present city subsequent to the first settlement of Wyoming, and during the trying periods of the Revolu- tionary and Pennamite wars, were so intimately related to others whose locale was up and down and across the river, in adjoining villages and townships, that it has been found impossible to consider them separately from those other events which, with these, formed the material for the thrilling history of Wyoming. As a remarkable chain of tragic occurrences they have, in their entirety, excited remark from the pens of distinguished historians, poets and novelists on both sides of the Atlantic. They have taken their |)lace in the annals of the commonwealth as without parallel for the many terrible elements which rendered the beautiful Wyoming valley an abiding place for horror, rapine and murder, and to the general history of the county the reader is referred for such record as they have seemed to deserve at our hands. The erection of Forts Durkee, Wyoming and Wilkes-Barre within the borders of the town-plot, Fort Ogden just within the bor- der of Plains and Fort Lillope or Jenkins on the Wilkes- Barre mountain; the capture of John Franklin in 1787 and of Timothy Pickering June 26th, 1788; the zeal of Wilkes-Barreans in the Revolutionary cause; the burning of the village, July 4th, 1788; the capture of Frances Slo- cum by the Indians and her subsequent interesting story, the sojourn of the Duke of Orleans, the Duke of Mont- pensier and the Count of Beaujolais, French exiles, at Arndt's tavern in June, 1707, and other noteworthy oc- currences are most of them among those referred to above, and all help to form the events in a history as striking and as full of tragic interest as that of any part of the United States. Those events of which the forts mentioned were the centres would, if they could be writ ten of as isolated occurrences, properly belong to the history of the township and present city of Wilkes-Barre Those events and measures which have contributed to the growth and prosperity of Wilkes-Barre successively as a frontier settlement, a charming country village, a thriving borough and a busy city it is designed to con- sider in the following pages. Family Names. "The leading families of Wilkes-Barre," says Clark, "are nearly all direct descendants of the pioneers of Wyo- ming valley, and are cultured to an enviable degree. * * * A few of the familiar names may be cited as ex- hibiting the social status of the city. Here is the Ross family, historical as descended from General William Ross; the Hollenbacks, tracing with pride to the old colonel, of whom every household in northern Pennsyl- vania has heard; the Butlers, from General Lord Butler- the Dorrance family, from Colonel Benjamin Dorrance; the Pettebones, from Noah Pettebone, an old hero in the early struggles; the Johnsons, from Rev. Jacob John- son; the Myers family; Shoemaker family; the Denisons, from Colonel Nathan Denison; the Sweetlands, M'Kera- chans and Careys; the Ransom and Jenkins families; Inmans, Ives and Abbotts; Blackmans and Starks; the Harding and Dana descendants, now prominent in local history; Beach, Jameson, Perkins, Searle and Gore; Young, Durkee, Sill, Fitch, Atherton, Harvey, Pierce, Gere, Gaylord, Miner, and a long line of others too numerous to mention." It is a singular fact that Mr. Steuben Butler, a son of the colonel commanding, and a daughter of Colonel Denison (Mrs. Sarah Abbott), who was second in command on the field of massacre, are the only living immediate descendants of that fated band of heroic men who fought so desperately on the plains at Wyoming in opposing the savage invaders of the valley in 1778. Early Merchants and Builders. There were numbers of young men ready to embark in mercantile enterprises in the new territory to the full ex- tent of their means, anticipating large return ])rofits for- their limited outlays. The first settlers brought their first year's supplies with them, and a merchant would have found small resultant profits who depended upon the early settlers alone for his patronage; but here was a promising field for Indian commerce — a great volume of the peltry trade, extending from the Nanticoke falls up the Susquehanna river to Seneca lake and from thence to Niagara, the central point of the Indian traffic in furs — both before and after the Revolutionary struggle. It is pretty certain that there were Indian traders in Wyoming before the first advent of the Yankee colonists in 1763, and subsequently in 1769 ; but of these traders there is no record among the archives of the Susque- hanna Company, though it is a well established fact that John Jacob Astor visited' the valley as early as 1775, and made the tour to Niagara with Matthias HoUenback as his guide and partner in trade. It was during this journey that Mr. HoUenback marked out his future pro- gramme as a trader from Wilkes-Barre to Niagara. He came to the valley from Lebanon county, whither his father had come from Virginia, and another branch of the family had settled in Montgomery county. It is quite certain that Mr. HoUenback kept a store on South ISfain street, just below the corner of Northampton, pre- vious to the battle of July 3d, 1778 ; and this store was kept after the restoration of peace up to about 1820, when it was removed to the new brick store of George M. HoUenback. Mr. HoUenback was the first regular merchant of Wilkes-Barre, and one of only two merchants in Westmoreland in 1781. His business extended for many years after the war up the Susquehanna river to Niagara, with branches at Wysox, Tioga (N. Y.), and a fur trading house at Niagara, in which he had succeeded John Jacob Astor in 1783. After the peace of 1783 and thereturn of the fugitive settlers to Wilkes-Barre there was no lack of storekeepers. Among the first, if not the very first, was Lord Butler, on the corner of River and Northampton streets. This estab- lishment was continued up to 1820. About the same time John P. Schott opened a retail store on River street,between 4^ -4¥ /^ •d^K.-^>^^^' HU^H GHEP.IL^t' UF blJZtP.JsE COUNTY 1 8 1 1- . BUSINESS BEGINNINGS AT WILKES-BARRE. 197 Lord Butler's and South street, but did not continue long in trade. As early as 1795, 0^ perhaps earlier, Thomas Wright and Thomas Duane opened a store in Wilkes-Barre, on the corner of the public square and North Main street, which in 1801 was removed to Pittston Ferry and made an adjunct of Wright's "Old Forge." In 1800 Rossett & Doyle opened quite an establishment on the corner of Market and River streets, which they continued to 1803 or 1804. They were suc- ceeded by Jacob and Joseph L. Suitan, who in 1816 removed to the corner of Franklin and Market streets, where they flourished for many years on the ground where now stands the Wyoming bank. In 1803 Allen Jack came from the north of Ireland to Wilkes-Barre and opened a store on South Main street in the residence of Dr. M. Covell, where he sold goods until his death, in 1814. In 1804 Benjamin Perry kept a small store on the cor- ner of Northampton and Main streets, and on the oppo- site corner Nathan Palmer, Esq., dispensed dry goods and groceries. Both these establishments were short- lived. Mr. Palmer sold out to Zebulon Butler, who dis- continued the business after a brief period. Ziba Ben- nett came from Newtown (now Elmira), N. Y., in 1815, and began trade in company with Matthias HoUenback. In 1826 he embarked in business singly, on North Main street, where he continued in trade until his death, in 1878, having been connected with the mercantile busi- ness of Wilkes-Barre over si-\ty years, and having en- joyed the distinction of being recognized as the oldest merchant in Luzerne county. These were the principal store-keepers of that early period, when the goods were brought from Philadelphia to Harrisburg by wagons, and shipped in Durham boats up the Susquehanna to Wilkes-Barre. From 1800 to 1802 Joseph Hitchcock was the leading builder, and was succeeded by George Chahoon, who did a very large business up to 1816. Other Business Beginnings — Coal and Iron — Ship- Building — Manufactures. The business history of the township is identical with that of the city, the commercial progress of both depend- ing largely upon the mining and sale of coal which under- lies the surface of the ground in all directions. Iron ore has also been found in the township. As an agricultural township Wilkes-Barre does not take high rank, most of the land outside of the city limits being devoted to the mining of coal and too uneven and broken to be success- fully farmed. In the early days hominy blocks were plenty in the township. The necessity for these rude appliances was done away with in 1782 by the erection of a grist mill on Mill creek, near the river. The builder was James Sut- ton, who had previously erected mills in Kingston and Exeter townships. It was of hewn logs and had only one run of stones. On the roof was a sentry-box, rendered necessary by the perils of the times, from which a view of the surrounding country could be had. This mill was swept away by the " pumpkin flood." In 1804 there were six distilleries in Wilkesbarre town- ship. A shipyard was established on the public com- mon, and the construction of ships was begun in the hope that they could be navigated to the ocean by way of the Susquehanna and there disposed of profitably. lu 1803 a small ship named the "Franklin," in honor of John Franklin, was built- and reached the ocean in safety. A stock company was organized, and begun operations in 181 1 ; and early in the following year a vessel named the "Luzerne," of between fifty and sixty tons measure- ment, was finished. The builder was a Mr. Mack, but J. P. Arndt was the principal proprietor. It was launched early in April, and a few days later started on its voyage down the river, only to be dashed to pieces on the rocks at Conawaga Falls, near Middletown. The loss of this vessel was a disaster not only to its proprietors but to many who had hoped to drive a. profitable trade in tim- ber, and to others who hoped to reap profit from the sale of lots when the ship-building interest should become permanently established. But like many another alluring project before and since, this had failed and no more ships were built at Wilkes-Barre. A small cut-nail manufactory was established by Fran- cis McShane in 181 1, and for several years a somewhat extensive wholesale and retail business was carried on. There were other enterprises which were begun early and flourished for longer or shorter periods, leaving their im- press on the advancement and prosperity of the village and township, though the men who conceived them have long been dead. Early Public Houses. Abel Yarrington kept a house of entertainment, which was probably the first in Wilkes-Barre, on the ground now occupied by the Judge Conyngham homestead, on River street, below Market, at a very early period. In his journal John Franklin mentions having been at Mr. Yar- rington's February 28th, 1789, and again in the follow^ing month. Mr. Yarrington removed to what was afterward the Wyoming Hotel, on Main street, below the public square. Jesse Fell kept the " Old Fell house" before the be- ginning of this century, it having been erected in 1787 or 1788. This ancient hostelry, a part of which is incorpo- rated in the present structure, was during its earlier days headquarters for the legal fraternity, and as such was the scene of frequent festivities. It was here that Jesse Fell, in 1808, made his first experiment of burning anthracite coal in an open grate. Another old-time inn and one that had historic asso- ciations was the Arndt tavern, which stood on River street below Northampton, on the site of the residence of E. P. Darling, Esq. The proprietor was John P. Arndt, who with his brother Philip came from Easton at an early date and engaged in various business enterprises. Thomas H. Morgan succeeded Mr. Arndt, and he in turn was fol- lowed by Major Orlando Porter, whose stay was brief, H^ lie soon taking charge of the then new Phoenix, out of which has grown the Wyoming Valley Hotel. The fame of the old tavern declined gradually and it even- tually became a dwelling house. The old Arndt tavern sheltered the royal fugitives of France, princes of the Orleans-Bourbon line, afterwards Louis Phillippe, king of the French, and his two brothers, the Duke de Mont- pensier and Count de Beaujolais, on their way to Bradford county, where Robert Morris rtad purchased for them 1,200 acres of land lying on the Susquehanna river. This place is still known as Frenchtown. Another noted visitor at the old inn, which was pre-eminently the center of social gaiety, was the beautiful and accomplished wife of Herman Blennerhasset, so graphically described by William Wirt in the trial of Aaron Burr for treason. This visit was made subsequent to Burr's conspiracy, which resulted in the ruin of the Blennerhassets. At a later date a hotel at the corner of Market and River streets was kept by a little round fat man named Richardson, and afterwards by a widow Johnson. Thomas Duane, John Paul Scott and afterwards Jonathan Han- cock kept a hotel where the Luzerne House now is. The latter also kept open house at the corner of Market and Franklin streets. Archippus Parrish kept a hotel on the public square near the site of the Daily Record of the Times ofifice. It was set fire to and burned down in warming it for a Washington's birth-day ball. Mock's tavern, on the hillside just below South Wilkes-Barre, is well remembered by many of the present citizens of Wilkes-Barre. Years ago it was noted as the scene of too convivial Sunday gatherings, which were broken up by a few Christian workers who, with the consent of the proprietor, established a flourishing Sunday school in the old hostelry. Other Primitive Things and Events. Probably the first physician to minister to citizens of Wilkes-Barre was Dr. William Hooker Smith, who emi- grated from New York and settled in the clearing at Wilkes-Barre in 1772. After Sullivan's campaign, in which he participated, he located permanently at Old Forge. Drs. Joseph Sprague and Gustin, who were also early settlers in the valley, were no doubt called to visit the afflicted in the settlement. Previous to 1800 Doctor Matthew Covell located permanently in Wilkes-Barre, and he and Dr. George W. Trott were both practicing there before 1810. Doctor Samuel Baldwin resided in Wilkes- Barre for a time, and afterwards crossed the river into Kingston. The first settled preacher was Rev. Jacob Johnson. The earliest professional lawyer was Anderson Dana. The first dwelling within the limits of the town plot was John Abbott's log cabin, erected at the south- west corner of Main and Northampton streets in 1769. The first brick buildings were the dwelling of Joseph Slocum, on the southeast side of the public square after- ward occupied by his son-in-law Lord Butler, and that of Benjamin Perry, at the corner of Main and Northampton streets, both erected in 1807. The first marriage in the township was celebrated in a log cabin which stood at the corner of River and South streets, on the ground since occupied by the old Wells house, in 1769. The contracting parties were Colonel Nathan Denison and Miss Sill. The first birth occurred in 1773. It was that of Lazarus Denison, a son of the couple above mentioned. The first restaurant in the vil- lage was opened by Sam Wright, a. negro, who came from New Jersey in 1822. Professor Wise, the celebrated aeronaut, whose dis- aster in September, 1879, is yet fresh in the minds of the reading public, made the first balloon ascension in Wilkes-Barre in 1842, descending on the west side of the Susquehanna after a two hours' flight. The "Common" on the River Bank. When Colonel Durkee laid out the town plot of Wilkes- Barre he donated the public square and the common for "the use of the public forever," and they were succes- sively under the jurisdiction of the town of Westmore- land, the township of Wilkes-Barre and the borough and afterwards the city of Wilkes-Barre. The original boun- daries of the common were probably the same as those of the present day. Years ago it was much wider than now, numerous floods having washed away a portion. "As I first remember this common," wrote Mr. James A. Gordon, "it was a beautiful lawn extending from South street along the river bank to North street. Between Union and North streets, along the base of Redoubt Hill, was a low wet marsh, very imperfectly drained, or rather not drained at all. Immediately at the northern base of the redoubt, lived MoUie McCalpin, in rather a hard-looking shanty, built by herself with the aid of Job Gibbs, who was at that time reputed to be the laziest man in Wilkes-Barre. But Mollie was not the only tres- passer upon these public grounds." Matthias Hollen- back's warehouse and another, the property of John P. Arndt, stood on the common ; but both disappeared long since, and mother McCalpin's shanty is seen no more At various times enterprising or speculative business men have attempted to lease portions of the common for the erection of buildings in which to carry on conmierce. In 1808 an effort was made by certain parties to drain that part lying between North and Union streets, the ulterior object being to obtain and hold possession of the land for the benefit of the proposed drainers ; but that and all subsequent attempts failed, it having been deci- ded that the borough had no authority to lease the com- mon nor any portion of it ; and it remains to-day the property of the public, a place much frequented by both residents and visitors, and one of the most attractive spots in the city. Forts Durkee and Wyoming stood on the common, which because of its historical associations will long remain a point of interest. The Wilkes-Barre Ferry and Bridge. The early settlers were too poor to build a bridge be- tween the settlements of Wilkes-Barre and Kingston, but they had recourse to a cheap and convenient means of crossing in the way of a ferry. When the borough of "f^ '■ntiwaytf' T 4" Vm- ^*.v-fc, j^--""^*-^ -'f '-;-T?!*^S^^-«w LUZERNE COUNTY COURT HOUSE, WILKES-BARRE, Pa. *^^ =^.^ BRIDGES AT WILKES-BARRE— OLD COURT-HOUSE— EARLY MAILS. 199 Wilkes-Barre was incorporated the borough authorities were granted the exchisive right to maintain a ferry be- tween the two localities, and until it was superseded by the bridgo it was let annually to enterprising parties, who paid certain rentals into the borough treasury. The Wilkes-Barre Bridge Company was incorporated in 1807. The bridge was completed in 1818, at a cost of $44,000. The builders were Messrs. Wernwag & Powell, and they were two years engaged in its construction. In 1819 the pier nearest to Wilkes-Barre was undermined and two reaches of the bridge lost. The damage was repaired by the State, at an expense of $13,000. In 1824 the entire bridge was lifted from the piers by a hur- ricane and deposited on the ice several feet distant from its original location; $15,000 to be devoted to its repair was appropriated by the State, which by this added sum became possessed of $28,000 stock in the concern, which was subsequently sold. The architect in charge of these repairs was Reuben Fields. The bridge, with occasional repairs and renewals of certain portions, has since ex- isted, and has been a source of profit to the stockholders. Upon the introduction of the street railway between Kingston and Wilkes-Barre, the bridge became the means by which the track crosses the river, though its use as a foot and wagon bridge is in no way interfered with. Ef- forts have been made from time to time, but unsuccessfully thus far, to obtain authority from the court instructing the county commissioners to take possession of the bridge, with a view to its being maintained by taxation for the public benefit, and it seems not unlikely that such a measure may be carried in the future. Reminiscences of the Old Court-House. The bell on the old court-house was cast by George Hedderly, in Philadelphia, in 1805, and during the years that followed served to summon the inhabitants of the town to meetings of every kind common to such a com- munity. It called the criminal to receive his sentence, and the man who had not been proven guilty to receive his acquittal; it summoned the people to hear the preach- ing of the gospel and the eloquence of political advo- cates; if the people were to be assembled for any purpose the old court-house bell was generally brought into requi- sition. Various were the uses to which the court-house was put, serving for all judicial and deliberative proceed- ings, and as a public or town hall. It is said to have been utilized as a dancing academy and as a church, and it is authoritatively stated that a meat market was kept in the basement at one time— as Mistress Tuttle had, before its time, sold cakes and beer in the lower story of the old log building. June nth, 1810, an ordinance was passed by the council of Wilkes-Barre ordaining that until a suit- able market house could be erected the cellar of the court-house should be used as a market place " on and after July 13th next." Two days in the week were set apart as market days, Wednesday and Saturday being so distinguished, and the place was ordered to be kept open from five to ten A. M., and the clerk of the market was authorized to erect one or more stalls, benches and blocks. and provide scales and other articles necessary to the traffic of the place. Mail Facilities and the Post-Oi'KICe. In 1777 a post route was opened between Hartford, Connecticut, and Wyoming, in the benefits of which the residents of Wilkes-Barre, the chief settlement, largely participated. Previous to that date what little mnil passed between that point and the outside world had been carried by private messengers. The post-rider was Prince Bryant, who made the trip once in two weeks. During tlie period of the continued struggle between Pennsylvania and Connecticut for supremacy over W)'0- raing, regular mail communication was interrupted and messages were carried to and fro by men employed by the settlers for that purpose. A post-office was established at Wilkes-Barre in 1754, with Lord Butler as postmaster. It may easily be con- ceived that his official labor mu;t have been the reverse of arduous, and that his office, at the corner of River and Northampton streets, must have contrasted unfavorably with the elegant, well arranged and commodious city post-office of the present day in Music Hall block. But it was not until after the close of the Revolution, and the organization of Luzerne county in 1786, that provision was made for a weekly mail be- tween Wilkes-Barre and Easton. Clark Behee was the post-rider, but whether the first over the route does not appear, though there is evidence that he filled that posi- tion in 1797, during which year weekly mails were carried from Wilkes-Barre to Berwick via Nanticoke, Newport and Nescopeck, the return route being via Huntington and Plymouth. At this time Wilkes-Barre enjoyed the distinction of being the only regularly established post- town in the county, and mail for residents of the town- ships mentioned was left at certain houses within their limits chosen by the post-master at Wilkes-Barre. A mail route was established between Wilkes-Barre and Great Bend in 1798, and another between Wilkes- Barre and Owego, New York. The mails were received by the former route once a fortnight and by the latter once a week. Both were sustained by private contribu- tions chiefly, if not entirely, like those of the early set- tlers before the war. It is said that subscribers to news- papers had to pay at the rate of $2 a year to the mail carrier for the privilege of receiving them. In 1800 Jonathan Hancock was a post-rider between Wilkes- Barre and Berwick. In 1803 Charles Mowery and a man named Peck carried the mails on foot between Wilkes- Barre and Tioga, N. Y., making the trip once in two weeks. The history of the advance in mail facilities from this time forward is coincident with that of " staging,'' nearly all the stages having carried the mails. With the first railroad came added mail conveniences, which have been increased from year to year since, until the residents of the city in 1880 can have but a faint conception of the difficulties under which their forefathers labored in this respect one hundred or seventy-five or even fifty years ago. :S\ tri lb HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Lord Butler was the postmaster until 1802, when he was succeeded by John Hollenback. The names of those who have been appointed since that time are as follows: Ezekiel Hyde, 1805; Jonathan Hancock, 1805; Jacob Cist, 1808; A. Beaumont, 1826; William Ross, 1832; Daniel Collings, 1835; A. O. Cliahoon, 1841; J. P. Le- Clerc, 184^; E. B. Collings, 1845; Steuben Butler, 1849; John Reichard, 1853; Jacob Sorber, 1854; E. B. Col- lings, 1858; S. M. Barton, 1861; E. H. Chase, 1865; Peter Pursel, 1867; Stewart Pearce, 1869; Douglass Smith, 1877. The number of letters of all classes, including postal cards, sent from Wilkes-Barre post-office during the first week of November, 1879, was 15,765; number of regular newspapers sent, 11,232; transient newspapers, 1,129; packages of merchandise, 183; total pieces of mail mat- ter sent, 28,309. EDUCATIONAL HISTORY. The educational history of Wilkes-Barre begins with the arrival of the emigrants from Connecticut in 1769. under the auspices of the Susquehanna Land Company, This company granted to the first settlers of Wyoming large bodies of land in each township as an incentive to immigration. This land was designated as a foundation for a permanent school fund for all time to come. If the school fund had been properly managed the citizens of the township would undoubtedly have long since been free from taxation for educational purposes. The town of Wilkes-Barre has no separate school history from old Westmoreland until 1773, when an effort was made to support the schools by taxation; but it was a failure, and if there were any schools in Wilkes-Barre at that period they must have been supported by private subscriptions or tuition fees up to the time when the borough accepted the provisions of the common school law. EARLY SCHOOLS. On the organization of Luzerne county Wilkes-Barre had her school-houses, which had previously been built by the proprietors as the trustees of the bounty of the Susquehanna Land Company, but no free school was ever based upon this educational fund. As early as 1790 there was a school-house — the only one in the town plot — standing upon the east side of the pub- lic square just in front of where now is William H. Spor- ring's grocery store, which was usually occupied about nine months during the year. At a later period there was another on the plains near the residence of Henry Courtright, and another on the hill, on Dr. Covell's farm, just below the site of the depot of the passenger railroad in South Wilkes-Barre. Among early teachers was Godlove Nicholas Lutyens, a graduate of Gottingen University. He was succeeded in 1802 by Asher Miner, the printer and editor of the Wilkes-Barre Gazette and afterwards of the Luzerne Fed- eralist. Previous to 1806 or 1807 several select schools were opened at various times, among which was one by a Mr. Parmal}', a regular Yankee schoolmaster, in the old still-house on Main street, just at the foot of Bowman hill. There was another on East Union street, conducted for -many years by William Wright, an educated Irish- man. This school had a high reputation, and continued to flourish up to the time of Mr. Wright's death in 1816. There were also summer schools under the lead of old- fashioned schoolmistresses, and a Mrs. Jabez Fish's juve- nile academy on the bank of the river, at the lower end of the Common, where was taught for years the West- minster Catechism from the John Rogers primer. The Constitution of 1790 required legislative provi- sions for the education of the poor; and in pursuance thereof, by the act of 1809 and its supplement, the assessors of every township were required to make return of all children whose parents were unable to pay for their tuition to the county commissioners, who were required to pay the respective teachers their bills for these charity scholars. This law was a dead letter practically. Very few parents cared to put their children on the list of paupers, even for the purposes of education, and for ten years after 1824 but $3,500 was paid by the county on that account, and Wilkes-Barre's was the least amount in proportion to its population. THE WILKES-IiARRE ACADEMY. In 1807 the Wilkes-Barre Academy was incorporated with a donation of $2,000 from the State. Ebenezer Bowman, Lord Butler, Matthias Hollenback, William Ross, Jesse Fell, Joseph Suiton, Joseph Slocum and others were the trustees. Ebenezer Bowman was presi- dent of the board up to the day of his death. What memories are recalled by the mention of this institution, where many of the most influential men of the Wyoming valley received their education, and from which others have gone out to win names and fame in the outside world! It was the first and for some time the only insti- tution of learning above the grade of common school in old Luzerne. The board of trustees obtained from the county the old court-house and jail, which they improv- ed and converted into their school-rooms, and opened a kind of school as an apology for a classical institute. The first teacher was Samuel Jackson. He was suc- ceeded by a Mr. Root. Then David Scott took charge of the concern and organized an English grammar class. He wrote the text-book, and each pupil had to make his own copy in manuscript, until " Murray's " was introduc- ed in i8og. This year the trustees enlarged their build- ing and imported from Yale Garrick Mallery (just then graduated) as principal, at a salary of $1,000 per annum; and now Wilkes-Barre began to be looked upon as the educational center of all northern Pennsylvania and southern New York. The institution was fairly opened with Garrick Mallery as principal, Edward Chapman and Thomas Bartlett as assistants, and Jacob Taylor as writ- ing master. The little town was crowded with students from abroad. The catalogue embraced some seventy-five non-resident pupils. The school flourished as long as Mr. Mallery re- mained at its head. At the end of the year he retired to >^J- Hh CHARLES P. WALLER. Charles P. Waller, son of Phineas and Elizabeth Jewett Waller, was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., August 7th, 1819, and is the sixth in a family of seven children, six of whom are now (1880) living, viz.: Abram B., Na- than P., William L., Rev. David J., of Bloomsburg, Har- riet M. (wife of Rev. Dr. S. M. Andrews, of Doylestown, Pa.), and George G., a lawyer of Honesdale, Pa. Phineas, a native of Massachusetts, moved into the Wyoming val- ley in 1774, with his father's family. He was a farmer by occupation, and lived to the advanced age of eighty-six years. Nathan, his father, a farmer, settled in the Wyo- ming valley when Phineas was a young man, where he died in 1832. Charles P. spent his youth at home and in the schools of Wilkes-Barre from eleven years of age, and in 1838 he entered Williams College, where he was a student for two years, when through weakness of his eyes he was obliged to discontinue his studies. During the winters of 1839 and 1840 he was principal of the Bloomsburg Acad- emy, and was the first to organize a classical school there. In 1841 he com'menced the study of law with Judge Col- lins, of Wilkes-Barre. He was admitted to the bar in the winter of 1843, and immediately entered upon the practice of his profession, which he successfully and continuously carried on until 1874, when he was elected president judge of Wayne county. Pa., which office he still (1880) holds. As a proof of his popularity he was elected on the Republican ticket in a district which is Democratic by 2,000 majority. On April 3d, 1845, he married Har- riet W., daughter of Henry W. Stone, of Mt. Pleasant, Wayne county, Pa. She was born June 15th, 1826. The result of this union is two children — Lizzie J. (wife of William H. Stanton, of Honesdale). and Mary S. All of the family have been for several years members of the Presbyterian church. Future generations will remember Mr. Waller as a genial companion, an able counsellor and an honest man. = -^N •ih -4'h t.yi^^coc^'^ JOHN S. LAMPMAN, OCULIST and AURIST. The subject of this sketch was born in Pittston, Pa., December 20th, 1838, and is a son of Norman and Phebe Larapman. His father was skillful in treating diseases of the eye, and John early manifested great talent in locating them and in applying proper remedies. Pie ap- plied himself to make discoveries and succeeded in bring- ing into use remedies unkiiown to any other oculist in the world, rendering his mode, of treatment entirely orig- inal. He began his practice in his own family by treat- ing and curing an afflicted sister in 1863. During that year the elder Lampman died and John assumed his practice, residing at Pleasant Valley, near Pittston, until 1876, when he removed to Wilkes-Barre, where, at 405 and 407 Northampton street, he has (September, 1880,) more than 500 patients under his care, with the number constantly increasing. January 23d, 1872, he married Margaret Shales, who proved to be well fitted for the charge of her department in the infirmary. Affable and courteous, it became an easy task for her to provide for the comfort and pleasure of the afflicted, even children placed under her care hav- ing remained with perfect contentment. Dr. Lampman has been particularly successful iri the treatment of am- aurosis, using no instruments, but curing with medicines cases thought to be incurable without surgical operations. For the treatment of this disease he prepared a cooling wash for the head which he discovered was useful in restoring lost hair, and his " celebrated Neuralgic Cure and Universal Hair Producer " will, in time, be thrown into market as the only safe preparation for the use for which it is designed. Besides treating all diseases of the eye, he has carefully studied and successfully treated the ear, an organ peculiarly liable to disease and accident. He has never been an extensive advertiser, has never traveled as an oculist and has always lived and practiced within ten miles of the place of his birth, relying upon his cures to bring him patients, who have come to his infirmary in large numbers from every State in the union. His terms are less than one-half the usual charges of oculists, and render his treatment available to the afflicted poor. Did such endorsement form a proper part of a biogra- phical sketch many testimonials might be presented of the skill of Dr. Lampman and innumerable cases of his successful treatment of disease cited. To those who have been treated by him no such endorsement is neces- sary; and they, themselves, are his strongest recommend- ation to the afflicted in all parts of the country. Where he is best known his treatment is most highly spoken of, and no laudations are necessary in a work which must be restricted in its circulation to that portion of the State of Pennsylvania contiguous to the locality of his life and successful professional career. Inviting rigid scrutiny, he has, in the midst of many difficulties and beset by the petty jealousies of rival practitioners, established an ex- tensive and lucrative practice in the county of his nativity and among the people who have known him from childhood. This has been accomplished only by the exercise of indomitable energy, great skill and rare judg- ment and a rigid integrity that has made every patient his friend and endorser. ♦4^ 4. 4^^: pursue his law studies, and was afterward president judge of the State courts, and as an able lawyer he won a na- tional reputation. During the administration of Mr. Mallery Andrew Beaumont, then a new comer, and an active young man of much promise, who has since been a representative in the State Assembly and in Con- gress, and held other important official positions, was em- ployed as his assistant. Under their management Greek, Latin, mathematics and the higher English branches were taught. Their successor was Rev. Mr. Thayer, a Con- gregational minister of the Old School and a graduate of Harvard University, who retired at the end of a year. He was succeeded by Mr. Janeson and then Rev. Wil- liam Woodbridge and others conducted the institution up to al)out 1818, when Joel Jones, a graduate of Harvard college, became the principal and remained two or three years. Upon his retirement his brother Jo- seph H. Jones took charge of the institution, and con- ducted it with great ability for several years. He was followed by Messrs. Woodbridge, Baldwin, Granger, Or- ton, Miner, Talcott, Ullman, Hubbard and Dana. After the erection of the second court-house the old building was converted to the uses of the academy, having been removed to a point within the public square, a little west of the present court-house. After many years' use the old edifice was sold to Colonel H. F. Lamb, and a portion of it was removed to Franklin street and constituted a part of a dwelling. Among the students of the old academy we may men- tion the following, who have gained distinction in their chosen careers; Lieutenant J. C. Beaumont, of the United States navy; Major A. H. Bowman, of the United States army; Major E. W. Morgan, who served his coun- try in Mexico and later was principal of the Newport, Ky., military school; Hon. Hendrick B. Wright, a well known lawyer and politician of Luzerne county and the State at the present time; Hon. B. A. Bidlack, who rep- resented his district in Congress, and later was sent as United States minister to New Granada, where he died; Hon. George W. Woodward, one of the most eminent legal lights of the commonwealth; Judge Luther Kidder; Dr. S. D. Gross, an eminent professor of surgery in the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia; Rev. Samuel Bowman, D. D., at one time acting bishM) of the Protest- ant Episcopal church in Pennsylvania; ex-Attorney Gen- eral Ovid F. Johnson; George Catlin, the well known American artist; Rev. Zebulon Butler, D. D., of Missis- sippi, and Prof. J. S. White, at one time a prominent educator of Philadelphia. With such results the older citizens of Wilkes-Barre have just reason for pride in memory of tlie old academy. OTHER ACADEMIC SCHOOLS. About 1840 Mr. Dana had erected a building on Acad- emy street and organized a classical school, which in a measure took the position previously occupied by the old academy in the public square. A brick building was erected in 1842 on the site of the old structure, and under the direction of Messrs. Owen and Jackson a high school 26 had a successful existence in it for a number of years; but in consequence of various causes in time it lost much of its prestige and became only an ordinary day school. E. B. Harvey, Esq., purchased this building in 1848, and moved it to Union street and converted it into a dwelling. THE WILKES-BARRE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. The public schools of the city of Wilkes-Barre are em- braced in three districts. The provisions of the new constitution applying to cities of the fourth class having never been adopted by this city, the government of the schools remains the same as when the city was incorpor- ated, and the three school districts erected under an act of Assembly approved May 24th, 1871. These districts are under the supervision of the county superintendent, and are entirely independent of one another, being each governed by a separate board of directors. The first school district is made up of the first, second, third, sixth and ninth wards of the city, and the remain- ing portion of the north district of Wilkes-Barre town- ship not included within the city limits at the time of in- corporation. The school board consists of six members, one from each of the wards and one from the township. The board is now (1880) organized as follows: President, George N. Reichard: secretary, J. C. Williamson; treas- urer, Fred Roth. The statement of the school board of this district for 1878 was as follows: Whole number of schools, 19; number of months taught, 10; number of male teachers, 5; number of female teachers, 14; average salary of males per month, $65; average salary of females per month, $40; whole number of scholars, 2,072; aver- age number attending school, 949; percentage of attend- ance, 79; tax levy (number of mills) 20. Under the present principal, T. J. McConnor, the schools have been carefully graded, and now possess primary and grammar grades corresponding to a considerable extent to the same grades in the third district, to be described hereafter. The second school district comprises the thirteenth and fourteenth wards of the city and the south district of Wilkes-Barre township, less what was taken into the city limits at the time of incorporation. There are five mem- bers in the school board — two from each of the wards and one from the township. The organization is as fol- lows: President, A. H. Van Horn; secretary, Michael Gibbons; treasurer, Joseph Hendler. The report for 1878 gives the following showing: Whole number of schools, 10; number of months taught, 9; number of male teach- ers, 6; number of female teachers, 4; average salary of males per month, $63.33; average salary of females per month, $40; whole number of scholars, 893; average number attending school, 525; percentage of attendance, 83; tax levy (number of mills) 18. Under the direction of Henry A. Reid as principal until within two years, and more recently of J. C. Bell, these schools have been partially graded. The third school district is essentially the old borough of Wilkes-Barre. It embraces the fourth, fifth, seventh, eighth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth and fifteenth wards of the city. + ^h HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. The history of the old borough schools is really the his- tory of the schools of this district. In 1834 this district in common with nearly all the districts of Luzerne county approved of the provisions of the common school ]aw, and the school board levied a school tax and set the school in operation. For over thirty years the schools were de- void of anything to distinguish them — unless it might have been their general inefficiency. Teachers were paid very poor salaries ; the school term was very short ; the build- ings were either miserable old frame hulks, or rooms rented here and there over the town as necessity might determine for the accommodation of pupils. In the year 1850-51 there were nine teachers employed at an aver- age salary of $23.11 per month, and the length of the school term was five months. Nor did this state of things improve in some particulars for many years later. The statement of the school board for 1865-6 reveals the following facts: number of schools, 11; number of months taught, 4 ; number of female teachers, 14 ; male teachers, 3 ; average salary of male teachers per month, $50 ; average salary of female teachers per month, $35 ! whole number of pupils attending school, 1S7. Is it to be wondered at that private and select schools were in a flourishing condition ? An old settle- ment like Wilkes-Barre, possessed of a high degree of culture, demanded education for its children, and the private schools furnished what the public schools could not. But a new era was dawning even in 1865. The revival of business and increase of values that followe d the close of the war, with the free distribution of money that attended it, made it possible for better things in the way of education. As early as November 28th, 1863, at an adjourned meeting of the board over which C. F. Reets presided, L. C. Paine offered the following resolu- tion, which was adopted: " Resolved that the president be and is hereby directed and requested to enter into a contract with Ziba Bennett, Esq., for the purchase of a lot at the corner of Washington street and Butler alley, at a price not to exceed $1,800, * * * * a^j^j ^y^^^ he report his action on the same at the next meeting.'' At the next meeting, held December 5th, Mr. Reets reported that he had made the contract as directed; the report was accepted and adopted and an order drawn for the purchase money. At a meeting held March 19th, [864, presided over by the same gentlemen, the building com- mittee was authorized to advertise for proposals for the new school building (" excavating cellar, building brick and stone walls, &c., &c."). This motion was renewed and carried at a meeting held June 12th, 1865, over which Rev. George D. Miles presided. At a meeting August tst, 1865 (Mr. Miles presiding), the size of the building was determined upon and a building committee appointed. September 19th, 1865, it was decided that the new building should be three stories high and that an addition three stories high should be added to the rear for recitation rooms. December 26, 1865,3 contract was made with bricklayers for raising the walls of the building. The work of erection went on apace during the winter of 1865-6 and the spring and summer following. The organization of the new board June 5th, 1866, w.ns signalized by the appearance of two new members, his excellency Governor Henry M. Hoyt and Attorney General Henry W. Palmer, both elected for three years. The new brick building was now completed. It was capable of accommodating ten schools, and had six recitation rooms besides that could be used for school rooms if required. The minutes of a meeting of the board held November 6th, 1866, contain the following: " On motion of Henry M. Hoyt it was resolved that the board do hereby employ Charles J Collins as super- intendent of the public schools of the borough of Wilkes- Barre during the balance of the current school year end- ing June I, 1877, at a salary at the rate of $i,ooo per year — his engagement to commence at this date." Mr. Collins accepted this appointment; at once entered into the work with enthusiasm; visited the schools of Phila- delphia, New York and Boston; became familiar vith their best features; returned, and on December loth, iS56, entered upon his work as principal and superintendent of the Wilkes-Barre schools. How well he succeeded dur- ing this first year is indicated by the report of the board for this year: " The board in the most emphatic manner, desire to recognize their obligations to Rev. Charles J. Collins. To him as principal and superintendent of all the schools we attribute whatever success we have achieved. From a chaos of unclassified elements he Has wrought order; he has adjusted conflicting views, and from inharmonious materials has produced an evenly balanced, perfect working machine. The amount of labor, time, well directed skill, energy and conscience which he put into his work is best known to your board. Himself a mature scholar and experienced educator, he quickly apprehended the wants of our locality, and rap- idly impressed upon the crude materials before him the best features of our best schools, worked out of the latest experience. His enthusiasm was at all times unabated; his interest in the cause of education was the result of a conviction of its utility, and he most conscientiously met every responsibility before him." This term was a short one, though longer than that of the year preceding, being five months in duration. The whole number of pupils increased from 187 to 676. The names of the members of the board on the tablet of this new building are as follows: President, George D. Miles; secretary, Charles F. Reets; treasurer, Moses D. Wilson; George B. Kulp, D. L. Rhone, Charles Roth, Samuel S. Weller, Dennis McQuillin, Lee W. Stewart. At this time the borough contained three wards, each having three members in the board. Mr. CoUins's plan embodied several distinct principles. One of these was an accurate system of grading, fixing the starting point and the limit of each branch to be studied in any partic- ular grade. Another was the introduction of the object system of teaching in the primary grades, together with calisthenics and music. Still another and a corollary to the first two was the employment of professional teachers —those especially prepared for the work in the normal <^ ^H= -I EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS IN WILKES-BARRE— THE FEMALE INSTITUTE. 203 schools of the county. June i8th, 1867, the committee on teachers were instructed and authorized to employ six female teachers, '' educated to teach," from abroad at a salary not exceeding $500 for nine months. The schools were opened in September with the corps rein- forced by six trained teachers from the Philadelphia, Albany and Oswego normal schools. The work of this year was an improvement over the last: the number of schools increased from ten to eighteen, the number of months taught from five to eight and a half and the whole number of pupils from 676 to 817. At the begin- ning of the year 1868-9 the teaching force contained a still larger percentage of trained teachers from the normal schools named above and from the Pennsylvania State Normal school at Millersville, employed at better salaries and for a term of ten months. The number of pupils also increased from 817 to 943. During this year the advanced class of the gram- mar department (the highest grade, thus far, in the school) finished three or four of the branches of study and were prepared for advancement. But the schools still suffered one serious drawback. The large building on Washington street was not sufficient to accommodate all the schools, consequently the board was compelled to confinue the occupation of the miserable old buildings heretofore described. This difficulty was met, however, by the purchase of a suitable lot and the erection thereon of the elegant and commodious brick building on Frank- lin street near Academy. June 8th, 1-868 the purchase of the lot was authorized; January 25th, 1869, it was re- ported and approved; shortly after the contract was given, and before the year had ended the building was completed. It is capable of accommodating twelve grades or classes. A marble tablet in the building con- tains the following names of members composing the school board at that time: President, Charles Roth; treasurer, Charles F. Reets; secretary, Henry W. Palmer; Henry M. Hoyt, George B. Kulp, Philip Steinhaur, Sam- uel S. Weller, Dennis McQuillin and Philip Banker. Accommodations were now furnished for all the pupils of the district. The year 1869-70 was characterized by the establishment of the high school department and the election of Mr. Collins borough superintendent, with powers co-ordinate with the county superintendent. Early in 1870 the borough was declared a separate dis- trict, and January 17th Mr. Collins was duly elected and shortly afterward was commissioned borough super- intendent. This position he held until August ist, 1874, when, owing to ill health, he resigned. The system of grading adopted by Mr. Collins extended over a period of twelve years' tuition, four in the primary grades, four in the grammar and four in the high school. Later the high school course was shortened to three years, but in other respects the course of instruction, grading, rules of order and government and methods of discipline and in- struction remain materially the same as when they came from the hands of Mr. Collins in 1874. In 1873-4 the elegant new building on St. Clement's street was erected and named the Conyngham graded school building. It was rendered necessary by the rapid increase in the population of the lower parts of the city at that time. The following named gentlemen composed the board at the time of its completion: President, H. H. Derr; secretary. Dr. G. W. Guthrie; George B. Kulp, S. S. Weller, George M. Nagle, Jacob Schmitt and C. F. Reets. A few years later a fine building for the accom- modation of colored children was erected at the corner of Washington and South streets. The statement made by the board for the year ending on the first Monday of June, 1879, embodies the following facts: Whole number of schools, 30; number of months taught, 10; number of male teachers, 7; number of fe- male teachers, 25; average salary of males per month, $74.50; average salary of females per month, $45.60; whole number of scholars, 1,677; average number attend- ing school, 1,316; percentage of attendance, 92; tax levy (number of mills), 10. The board (April, 1880,) is composed as follows: Pres- ident, William J. Harvey; secretary. Dr. G. W. Guthrie; Martin Frey, George S. Bennett, Dr. O. F. Harvey, J. W. Driesbach and S. H. Sturdevant. Thus we have a brief picture of the marvelous growth of the schools of Wilkes-Barre in efficiency and general popularity. From being what the board in their report for 1866-7 pronounced them — "utterly useless, if not act- ually vicious — " they have become one of the chief attract- ive features of the city. Already there is a clamor for still better things. The first new building erected, the Washington street grammar and high school, has in it some serious defects, and the public demands a better building. There is reason to believe that still another new edifice will be erected that will be a crowning glory to the already famous schools of Wilkes-Barre. THE WILKES-BARRE FEMALE INSTITUTE. This educational institution, under the auspices of the Presbytery of Luzerne, was chartered April loth, 1854. The following trustees were appointed : George M. HoUenback, Alexander Gray, Harrison Wright, Ario Pardee, Samuel Wadhams, John Brown, John Urquhart, Henry M. Fuller, Elisha B. Harvey, William R. Glen, John Faser, Andrew T. McClintock and Rev. J. Dor- rance, ex officio. At a meeting held April 15th, 1854 George M. HoUenback was chosen president; John Faseri treasurer, and Edward M. Covell, secretary, and a build- ing committee was appointed. May 8th, 1854, Rev. John Dorrance reported that the Presbyterian church of Wilkes-Barre had raised $10,000 for the establishment of the institute, and soon afterward a contract was awarded to D. A. Fell & Co. for the erection of a suitable building on River street above Smith, which was finished and the school opened in it September 13th, 1854. April 30th, 1874, this building was sold, and in May, 1876, a lot was purchased on South street, at the corner of Barnura place, on which it is intended to erect a large and con- venient building for the use of the school. Since Oc- *^^ ^: 204 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. tober, 1876, the Judge Conyngham homestead, on River street, has been occupied by the institute. The first principal of the school was Rev. Joseph E. Nassau, who accepted the position June 24th, 1854, and resigned in January, 1855. He was succeeded by Rev- C. J. Collins, who resigned November 28th following. Rev. S. Hutchins was appointed in March, 1856, and re- signed in July, 1857. September sth following R. S. Howes, A. M., was chosen to the position. He was suc- ceeded by W. S. Parsons, Esq., under whose management the school opened in September, 1864, and who served until June, 1872. From this time until October, 1876, the school was abandoned. At the date last mentioned it was reopened in its present quarters, with Dr. J. F. Rothrock as principal. Dr. Rothrock was succeeded by Mrs. F. C. Hosmer and Miss E. H. Rockwell, two ladies of large and successful experience as educators in Massa- chusetts and Princeton, N. J., who opened the school September 12th, 1877. The course of study is arranged for six years — two in the preparatory department and four in the academic. The grade of pupils is determined by examination. No pupils are received who are under eleven years of age. Opportunity is given for the study of the French, German, Latin and Greek languages. Ancient and modern history, in connection with progress in literature, art, science and civilization, receive par- ticular attention. The business management of the in- stitute is Vested in the board of trustees, of which Andfew T. McClintock is president and Douglas Smith secretary and treasurer. MALLINCKRODT CONVENT. This institution, an academy of the Sisters of Chris- tian Charity, a boarding and day school for young girls, was founded in 1878 by the Sisters of Christian Charity, who emigrated from Germany to America in 1873, the founder of the society being a noble lady. Miss Pauline von Mallinckrodt, sister of the much lamented Hermann von Mallinckrodt, member of the German parliament, who died some years ago. The Mallinckrodt Convent is, besides its being &. pensionat io\ young girls, the mother- house and novitiate of the Sisters of Christian Charity who are devoted to the instruction and education of the young in parochial schools, academies, orphan-houses, etc., in many places throughout the United States. It affords many advantages to young girls desirous of ac- quiring a solid, polite and religious education. The course of instruction is given in both the German and English languages, and embraces a wide range of useful branches. ST. MARY'S CONVENT. St. Mary's school, on Canal street, in charge of the Sisters of Mercy, was opened in October, 1875. The pupils numbered over five hundred, and were divided into five classes, three of girls and two of boys. A few- months later two teachers were added and a more com- plete classification was obtained. The children attending this school are affordedvevery opportunity for obtaining a thorough English education. The annual closing exercises were held for the first time in June, 1876, at which time an academy for young ladies attached to St. Mary's Convent, on Washington street, was opened, with about forty pupils in attendance, di- vided into two classes. At this institution, besides a complete course of English, are taught vocal and instru- mental music, drawing and wax and needle work. Literature and Literary People of Wilkes-Barre. As early as 1800, Abram Bradley, an ex-Revolutionary captain who had come into the valley from Connecticut four years before, published the first book ever issued at Wilkes-Barre. It was a i2mo from the press of Asher and Charles Miner, and was entitled "A New Theory of the Earth." The Messrs. Miner published in 1803 a book of 142 pages, under the somewhat lengthy title of " The Susquehanna Controversy Examined. The Ma- terial Objections against the Connecticut Claimants Ans- wered. Done with Truth and Candor by Samuel Avery, Esq." It is said to have been a valuable publication. A poem by Joseph McCoy, cashier of the Philadelphia branch bank, entitled " The Frontier Maid, or a Tale of Wyoming," was printed and published by Steu- ben Butler and Samuel Maffit in 1819. It possessed little literary merit, and subsequently becoming dissatis- fied with it Mr. McCoy collected and destroyed all the copies he could find. The Miners during their career at Wilkes-Barre as editors and publishers issued a hymn book, a work on alchemy by Dr. William Hooker Smith and a collection of anecdotes, edited by Charles Miner, under the title of " The Merry Fellow's Companion." "The History of Wyoming," by Isaac A. Chapman, a work now scarce and much sought for by students of the history of Wyoming, was published by S. D. Lewis, at Wilkes-Barre, in 1830. A work on the same subject, but broader in scope and more minute in treatment, is "The History of Wyoming " written about 1830 by Charles Mmer, who was also an able and facile writer of general articles and poems. Like Chapman's history, there are few copies of it to be found now, and when one is procurable it is always at a high price. An- other valuable work upon the same subject is Stewart Pearce's "Annals of Luzerne,'' published by Messrs. J. P. Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia, in i860. A second edition was issued in 1S66, and a third is now in prepara- tion and will doubtless appear ere long, its value enhanced by judicious revision and copious additions. At one time (1813-15, portions of both years inclusive) a distinct- ively literary periodical, the Literary Visitor, was pub- lished at Wilkes-Barre by Steuben Butler, which con- tained numerous contributions by Charles Miner, Josiah Wright, Edward Chapman and others. James Sinton was a writer of ability who lived in Wilkes-Barre at a comparatively early date. Andrew Beaumont was also an occasional writer of a good quality of verse, his " Sons of Wyoming," written soon after the departure of the Wyoming Artillerists for the Mexican war, being a well remembered example of his poetical ability. Edward E. ^^^ 4 LITERARY SOCIETIES OF WILKES-BARRE. 205 4 Le Clerc was also a versifier of no inconsiderable merit, as is attested by his well known poem on the death of Lieutenant James M. Bowman, in 1839. Judge Edmund L. Dana is an apt and pleasing writer of extensive and varied information. Judge G. W. Woodward was a strong and vigorous writer on legal questions. C. E. Wright, Esq., has produced some noteworthy works of fiction. Prof. John S. Hait, of Philadelphia, well known as a literary man, was a Wilkes-Barre boy. The lit- erary abilities of Mr. W. P. Miner and Dr. Charles F. Ingham may be inferred from their contributions to this work. LITERARY AND LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS. As early as 1804 the first debating society in Luzerne county of which there is any record was organized at Wilkes-Barre, under the name of the Wilkes-Barre De- bating Society, by Charles Miner, Thomas Dyer, Arnold Colt, John Evans, Josiah Wright, Ezekiel Hyde, Nathan Palmer, Thomas Wells, Thomas Graham and Roswell Wells. " Is celibacy justifiable by the laws of God, or consistent with moral principles ? " was the first question discussed and was decided in the negative. The name of the society was changed in 1809 to that of the Wilkes- Barre Beneficial Society. In 1806 a similar association was formed under the title of the Quincun Society or Tribe, and the Wilkes-Barre or Wyoming Library Com- pany was organized anda collection of instructive books was procured and placed at the disposal of the public, most of which were scattered and many lost. In 1826 measures were taken to find the volumes, and such as could be reclaimed were divided among the members of the society. Many of the members of these associations became eminent in after life as orators and statesmen. Under different names literary societies were kept up in Wilkes-Barre until the organization of the Wyoming Athenaeum. THE WELSH LITERARY SOCIETY is an organization well known at the present time. Meetings are held Saturday evenings at the corner of Sherman and East Market streets. THE WYOMING ATHEN/EUM. The stated objects of this society at the time of its organization were "to establish a public library in Wilkes-Barre ; to open therein, when deemed expedient and profitable, a reading room for those who should con- tribute to its establishment and support; and the ad- vancement of science and literature and the dissemina- tion of useful knowledge." It was provided that its stock should consist of an unlimited number of shares at $S each, and Messrs. Ziba Bennett, Joseph P. Le Clerc and Andrew T. McClintock were designated to receive payment on subscriptions. At a meeting of the subscri- bers held at the court-house March 23d, 1839, of which Edward Lynch was appointed chairman and Joseph P. Le Clerc secretary, the following named gentlemen were duly chosen trustees of the fund: Luther Kidder, Hen- drick B. Wright, Andrew T. McClintock, Volney L. Maxwell, Amos Sisty, George W. Woodward and Joseph P. Le Clerc. The board was organized March 28th, 1839, by the election of Amos Sisty as president, An- drew T. McClintock as secretary, and Isaac S. Oster- hout as treasurer. The original subscribers to the stock of the society, embracing names then and afterwards well known in various walks of life, and many of the most influential citizens of Wilkes-Barre in the past and present, were as follows : Charles Miner, Volney L. Maxwell, John N. Conyngham, B. Lynch, S. Butler, Joseph Dubs, Harrison Wright, William Willets, Charles White, E. B. Stiles, Samuel P. Puterbaugh, Bev. John Dorranoe, B. K. Phillips, Andrew T. McClintock, E. W. Sturdevant, William Hitler, Zaohariah Gray, AJdson Morse, Ziba Bennett, E. W. Reynolds, John L. Butler, Syl- vester Dana, George T. Jackson, George W. Woodward, M. B. Hammar, James C. Helme, Isaac Wood, Luther Kidder, B. A. Bidlack, Thomas W. Miner, Isaac S. Osterhout, Henry C. Anhiser, Thomas Davidge, Hendrick B. Wright, Samuel Holland, N. Butter, F. Van Fleet, Sidney Tracy, Charles A. Lane, William Wurts, John Smith, A. H. Emley, William L. Bowman, Henry Colt, John R. Jackson, Benjamin Drake, William J. Stephens, John G. Fell, David Scott, Jonathan J. Sloeum, Amos Sisty, H. Collings, Gilbert Barnes, Charles P. Lane, William Jessup, P. M. Gilchrist, John T.Robinson, Henry Pettebone, Samuel T. Nicholson, John M. Burtis, William S. Cox, George M. HoUenbaok, Lewis Worrall, Joseph P. Le Clerc. Hezekiah Parsons, Asher Miner, S. F. Abbott, George W. Williams, Benjamin Bailey, James Stark, James Hancock, Rev. Wil- liam James Clark, Charles B. Drake, Chester Tuttle, Lord Butler, William Hancock, A. O. Chahoon, A. R. Pennington, William S. Boss, William Alexander, Charles Denison, S. S. Winchester, Charles Roth, Edward M. Covell, Charles T. Barnum, Israel Dickinson, Henry Kutz, Jacob Kutz, William C. Gildersleeve, W. T. Dennis, C. M. Smith, C. I. A. Chapman and Thomas W. Miner. The first librarian was Cyrenus M. Smith, and the li- brary was kept in his office, in the old court-house, until his removal from Wilkes-Barre. F. J. Leavenworth was elected in 1849 and served until succeeded by Charles H. Drake in 1852, when the library was removed to the office of the latter, on South Main street. Mr. Drake died in January, 1862, and was succeeded by Volney L. Maxwell, who served until his death in January, 1873. During that year Robert L. Ayers was appointed to the office, and the library was removed to the rooms of the Young Men's Christian Association, on Franklin street. There are about 1,500 volumes in the library. The so- ciety was incorporated by the Court of Common Pleas January 6th, 1845. Isaac S. Osterhout has served as treasurer since its organization. Andrew T. McClintock was president in 1880. THE WILKES-BARRE LAW AND LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. The Wilkes-Barre Law and Library Association was organized June i8th, 1850, with Hendrick B. Wright as president; Andrew T. McClintock, treasurer, and George Byron Nicholson, secretary. The original members were John N. Conyngham, Hendrick B. Wright, V. L. Max- well, Harrison Wright, Andrew T. McClintock, Horatio W. Nicholson, George Byron Nicholson, Henry W. Ful- ler, Warren J. Woodward, Jonathan J. Sloeum, Charles Denison, L. D. Shoemaker, Asher M. Stout, E. B. Har- vey. The successive presidents have been Hendrick B. Wright, Edmund L. Dana and Andrew T. McClintock. The following were the officers in 1879: Andrew T. Mc- <^ ^ ^^. 206 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. i Clintoc'k, president; George R. Bedford, secretary and treasurer; Stanley Woodward, H. B. Payne and E. S. Os- borne, executive committee. The membership was about 100, made up from the lawyers of Luzerne and Lackawanna counties. The association is incorporated by act of Assembly, and has a law library of about 2,500 volumes. Five regular meetings are held each year. THE YOUNG MEN's CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. The Young Men's Christian Association of Wilkes- Barre was organized in November, 1871, and has for its object the interests of young men. A reading room was opened shortly after and has since been maintained at III Franklin street. The association was made the cus- todian of the valuable library of the Wyoming Athenffium, which is opened to the public twice a. week. The asso- ciation carries on religious meetings at various points and also engages in secular work for young men. Among the former are hospital and jail meetings, gospel services, cottage meetings, Bible readings, meetings in the coun- try, song services, etc.; and among the latter, entertain- ments at the rooms, night school, health talks, parlor con- ferences, besides other features which suggest themselves from time to time. The association has the nucleus of a building fund. The membership is about 100. The officers were as follows in 1879: President, H. H. Derr; vice-president, Robert L. Ayres; treasurer, John N. Pir- rong; secretary, C. Walter; librarian, Montgomery Wilder- muth. Journalism. The earliest venture at journalism in the Wyoming valley was made by two young men from Philadelphia in 1795, who brought with them to Wilkes-Barre a small hand press and a limited quantity of type and started a weekly paper about the size of a sheet of foolscap, called the Herald of the Times. The original proprietors, find- ing the business not remunerative, or at least uncongenial, the concern was sold to Thomas Wright, a substantial real estate owner, who changed the title to the Wilkes- Barre Gazette, under which name it was published for several years under the editorial management of Josiah Wright, son of the proprietor. As Mr. Wright was sub- stantially the first printer in Wilkes-Barre, so also was he the progenitor of a long line of printers in the valley, down to the present time. The Gazette, though small was ably conducted, and grew in favor with the people till its list of subscribers exceeded three hundred, and it was looked upon as a journalistic success. To us, who are in the habit of reading each morning in the daily papers of the present of the happenings in nearly all parts of the world on the preceding day, it may seem a little slow to notice, as a copy of the Gazette shows, that the latest news from Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Washington came down only to within a month of the date of issue, while news from Europe was at least from three to four months old. The publication of the Gazette having ceased at the beginning of 1801, January 5 th of that year Asher Miner, who was a practical printer and had worked for some time in the office with Mr. Wright, started the Luzerne Federalist with a new press brought from Norwich, Con- necticut, on a sled, by his younger brother, Charles Mi- ner, afterwards a distinguished journalist and member of Congress and the historian of Wyoming. The paper used at this time was made in Allentown and brought over the mountains once in two weeks on horseback. Soon after, however, Matthias Hollenback erected a small paper mill on Toby's creek, in the hollow back of Kingston, a supply from which fortunately relieved the newspaper men of one great difficulty in conducting the business of publication. The paper was ably managed by Asher and Charles Miner till 1809, when the Feder- alist establishment was sold to the veteran editor Steuben Butler and Sidney Tracy. Mr. Butler, a son of Colonel Zebulon Butler, who commanded the American forces on the ill-fated 3d of July, 1778, is yet (1880J living, hale ■and hearty, about ninety. In 181 1 the Federalist was enlarged and the name changed to the Gleaner; but it continued the organ of the Federalists as opposed to the Democrats. Charles Miner soon purchased the interest of Mr. Tracy, and in company with Steuben Butler continued its publication until iSr8, when the enterprise was abandoned. It was during the latter period of his editorial labors that Mr. Miner contributed a series of articles to the columns of the Gleaner, under the nom de plume of " Robert the Scribe," in imitation of Dr. Franklin's " Poor Richard " sayings. He was a ready and entertaining writer, and these articles were very popular, and often and for a long time afterward quoted by contemporaries. A good un- derstanding appears to have grown up between the Wrights and the Miners by this time, for both Charles and Asher had married daughters of Thomas Wright, and the printing interest of that day, and for a long time after by their descendants, was consolidated in these families. In the meantime a young man named Samuel Maffet, who had served an apprenticeship in the office of the Aurora in Philadelphia, under John Binns, had estab- lished in iSro, as an organ of the Democracy, another paper called the Susquehanna Democrat, which had among its friends and material supporters the wealth and social influence of General William Ross and Judge Hollenback; and the political contests between the enter- prising journalists of the Federalist and Democrat at times were very warm, bitter and energetic. In 1824 the Democrat was purchased by Sharp D. Lewis and Chester A. Colt. In 1831 Mr. Colt sold his interest to Robert T. Conrad, afterward a distinguished judge and mayor of the city of Philadelphia. Mr. Conrad was endowed with a brilliant literary mind, and in his maturer years pro- duced one of our very best American tragedies — Forrest's great play of " Jack Cade," or Alymere of the Kentish rebellion. Mr. Conrad sold his interest to Luther Kidder. At about this period the Democrat had perhaps the ablest corps of editors and contributors that any paper in Wilkes- Barre ever had before or has been blessed with since. =^^ A Mh JOURNALISM AT WILKES-BARRE. 207 4 There was the chaste and elegant Conrad; the painstaking and truth-revering Lewis; the careful and matter-of-fact Kidder, afterward president judge, who was a perfect gradgrind on tacts; the logical, calm, cool George W. Woodward, afterward chief justice of Pennsylvania, and the dashing and fearless Ovid F. Johnson, who afterward became attorney general of Pennsylvania, a man of great intellect and peer to any of these, his then fellow law students, who afterward reflected honor upon the bench or bar of Pennsylvania. But the Democrat's fortune was on the wane. Mr. James Rafferty, who was an excellent practical printer, made an effort to sustain it for a while, till it finally drifted into the custody of Dr. C. J. Christel & Co , and expired. The Wyoming Herald was established in 18 r8, by Steuben Butler. In 1831 Asher Miner became associated in its publication. It finally passed into the hands of Robert Miner, a son of Asher, and Eleazer Carey, who continued its publication till 1835, when it was merged with the Wyoming Republican, which had been issued in Kingston by Sharp D. Lev.'is in 1832. In 1837 the press and material were purchased by Dr. Thomas W. Miner, a son of Asher Miner, and removed to Wilkes- Barre. Dr. Miner and Miner S. Blacknian continued its publication until 1839, when it was purchased by Samuel P. Collings and united with \\\e. Republican Farmer, which had been started by Henry Pettebone and Henry Heald in 1828 as an advocate of Democratic principles. In 1833 the concern was purchased by Benjamin A. Bidlack, who afterwards became a member of Congress, was ap- pointed American minister to the republic of Colombia, South America, and died at his post at Bogota. Honor- able William Bross, ex-lieutenant governor of Illinois, and president of the Chicago Tribune Company, received his first lessons in the printer's art as a carrier boy under Mr. Bidlack. In 1835 the Farmer again came into the possession of S. P. Collings, who continued its publication until 1852, when by a compromise of the two factions of the Democratic party it was sold to S. S. Benedict, the owner of a rival paper called the Luzerne Democrat. The two were consolidated as the Luzerne Union, which passed through many hands between 1852 and January, 1879, when it was consolidated with a rival for Democratic favor, the Leader, which had enjoyed a two-and-a-half-years' ex- istence, under the editorial management first of E. A. Niven, and lastly of J. K. Bogart, who became the editor of the journal now known as the Union Leader, leaving no rival to dispute its claim of being the organ of the democratic party. In 1854 the Union was edited by S. S. Winchester; in 1855 a Mr. Bosee was proprietor; in 1858 Mr. E. S. Goodrich, who had just served as deputy secretary of the commonwealth, was proprietor; in 1859 Nifflin Hannum, who in 1865 sold to Walter H. Hibbs. In 1871 Mr, Hibbs sold to ex-Senator H. B. Beardslee, formerly of Honesdale, from whom it passed to J. K. Bogart and the Union Leader Company. For several months an evening daily edition has been issued, which has become popular. The Republican Farmer, under S. P. CoUings's man- agement, was conducted with marked ability in its edito- rial columns. Mr. Collings as a political controversialist had no superiors in his day. He was a master in the art of dealing out sarcasm, and his caustic and pointed shafts seldom flew wide of the mark in dealing with the enemies of his party. Having become enfeebled in health, in 1853 he was appointed U. S. consul to Tangier, in Africa, in hope that the change might prove beneficial in build- ing up his wasted frame. But he did not long survive having removed there with his family, and his remains are mouldering in the land of old Carthage. 'The Farmer was the favorite channel through which Hon. Andrew Beaumont was wont to give to the public his sound and convincing views on all political questions of the day. The first attempt at issuing a daily paper in Wilkes- Barre was made in 1852, by E. B. Collings and Halsey Brower. A small paper called the Daily Telegraph was started, but suivived only a short time, and died for want of patronage. In 1869 Messrs. Hibbs & Linn issued a daily edition of the Luzerne Union, called the Daily Union, but the enterprise did not prove remunerative, and after a few months it was discontinued. The Anti-Masonic Advocate was established by Elijah Worthington in 1832. In 1838 it was purchased by Amos Sisty, who dropped the anti-masonic title, and it appeared as the Wilkes-Barre Advocate, the organ of the old Whig party. Mr. Sisty was a pleas-int writer, and its columns were enriched by some choice gems of poetry from his pen. After his death, in 1843, the Advocate passed into the hands of Sharp D. Lewis, and he in 1853 sold it to William P. Miner, a son of Charles Miner. Mr. Miner changed the name to \he Reco- d of the limes, which title it yet bears, and soon sold a half interest to his cousin Joseph W. Miner, a son of Asher Miner, who died a year or two afterwards, and William P. Miner became the sole editor and proprietor. The Record of the Times has always been a faithful chronicler of passing events, and shown itself to be just what its name imports, a newsy and lively paper. In 1866 the Record was published in one of a row of wooden build- ings on West Market street, on the southwest side, below Franklin street, and the entire concern was totally de- stroyed by the big fire that laid waste both sides of the street on the 16th of April of that year ; but with characteristic energy Mr. Miner obtained new material at once, including a steam power press, the first in Wilkes- Barre, and the publication of the paper was not materi- ally interrupted. The Record had heretofore been a weekly paper, but in 1870 Mr. Miner, feeling that the time had arrived when Wilkes-Barre could sustain a daily, commenced the publication of a morning edition in connection with the weekly. The morning daily was soon changed to an evening paper, on which plan it was continued till the paper was sold to the Record of the Times Publishing Company, Dr. W. H. Bradley managing editor, in March, 1877, and by him continued as such until in the summer of 1879 the paper was enlarged and issued in the morning; and there is no better or more en- ergetic journal to be found outside of the large cities. <¥ 208 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. + A daily paper in the interest of the National Greenback party was published during a portion of 1879. The Democratic Wacchter, a German weekly paper, was -established in Wilkes-Barre in 1 841, by Jacob Waelder, now a prominent lawyer and politician in San Antonio, Texas. In 1851 Mr. Waelder sold out lo Robert Baur, who is still editor and proprietor. Another German pa- per, called the Volksfretind, Republican in politics, has been published for some years. The first Sunday paper published in Wilkes-Barre was the Sunday Morning Newst started in May, 1877, by Frank P. Woodward and M. F. Doran. The editors, energetic young men, desirous of creating a sensation with their paper, which was fresh and newsy, became involved in legal difficulties, and the paper ceased its publication in the fall of the same year. In 1878 Mr. J. C. Coon established a Sunday paper called The Plain Dealer. It was owned by a stock com- pany, and under his management became a flourishing paper. In 1878 Mr. Coon retired from the company and started a similar paper called the Sunday News Dealer. The Plain Dealer was continued for a short time by Colonel J. D. Laciar, when its publication ceased, and its office was subsequently consolidated with that of the News Dealer, which goes on prosperously, and large editions are published each Sunday morning, both in Scranton and Wilkes-Barre, Frank P. Woodward, above mentioned, being in charge of the Scranton issue. The People's Friend is a late weekly candidate for pub- lic favor. A temperance paper, the Evening Star, was issued for a time, of which Thomas C. Parker was editor in 1868 and i86g. The legal fraternity have their own peculiar periodical in the Legal Register, edited by George B. Kulp, Esq. While it has been the aim to mention every journalistic venture in Wilkes-Barre borough and city of the past and present, so numerous have been such enterprises, and so brief the existence of some of them, that it is possible all have not been recalled; nor is it necessary, perhaps, to a knowledge of the rise and pro- gress of local journalism that some few papers that may have died in infancy should be remembered, all of those which have attained any circulation and influence having been referred to and some mention having been made of prominent editors and publishers in every period of Wilkes-Barre's newspaper career. Amusements. A sketch of the amusement history of Wilkes-Barre may prove not uninteresting. The first animal show in Luzerne county was exhibited in 1806 or 1807. It con- sisted of a single elephant, said to have been the first ever brought to this country, in George Chahoon's barn, in the rear of the present Wyoming Valley House, on the site now occupied by Purcell's livery stable. People came from all directions to "'see the elephant," and Mr. Pierce states that " one farmer carried a half bushel of wheat on his back, with which he paid the price of ad- mission." The first drama was presented in the ball-room of the old red tavern, at the corner of Main street and the public square, in i8og. The piece was "The Babes in the Woods," and the characters were represented by pup- pets, into the mouths of which the words were put, appar- ently, by Mr. and Mrs. Sickles, both of whom were ven- triloquists. As an afterpiece a panoramic and ventrilo- quial representation of the battle between John Paul Jones's ship the "Bon Homme " and the " Serapis," the Duke of Marlborough commanding, was given. Sickles was a showman, of whose exhibitions in the early part of the century old people in Pennsylvania and western New York often tell. At various times peripatetic showmen have pitched their tents in different parts of the borough, or exhibited their wonders in halls or large rooms; but it was not until within the past few years that any regularly appointed places of amusement were established under local managers. In 1868 and 1869 Mr. S. Frauenthal erected a building on South Main street in which he opened a place known as Liberty Hall. In 1873 it was remodeled and renamed Frauenthal's Opera House. Here appeared many stars and combinations during the remainder of that year. The building was burned January ist, 1874. November 22nd, 1871, Fred Meyer's Opera House, a variety theatre, on Fell, just off North Main street, was opened. Under the management of Jacob S. Berry Chahoon Hall, on Market street, was opened as a variety theatre from 1873 to 1874. The City Garden Hall, on Northampton street, has for some time been known as a variety house, frequent performances of that kind having been presented there. The manager is John S. Hinds. Music Hall Block, at the corner of Market and River streets, was erected in 1870 by W. G. Sterling and S. L. Thurlow. In 1878 the interest of Mr. Thurlow was sold to Andrew Hunlock. The seating capacity of Music Hall is 1,200, and its size, inclusive of the stage, is 60 by 105 feet. The stage is 32 by 62 feet in size, and is well supplied with scenery and modern appliances for the production of such pieces as are usually presented by traveling companies. Music Hall was opened February 2nd, 1 87 1, by Clara Louise Kellogg and company, under the management of Mr. W. G. Sterling. It has since been successfully managed by Messrs. W. S. Parsons, W. D. White, and M. H. Burgunder. Home for Friendless Children. The Home for Friendless Children was founded March 22nd, 1862. A society was organized by a few ladies at a meeting in a private parlor. They were instructed and encouraged by Miss Mary Bowman, sister of the late Bishop Bowman of Lancaster, who had founded a similar home in that city. A small frame house on South street was offered the society rent free, by the late Mr. William C. Gildersleeve. A small amount of money was raised and a call made upon the public for contributions of anything that could be turned to account, which met with a liberal response. Gifts of money sufficient to cover the salary of the matron for a year were received, and applications for admission were so numerous that at the end of three months the building was insufficient to accommodate any more inmates, and it was enlarged, the J^^^lyu^ J(V(jJL • r,., SP B'.-Ji ^ ■:, : J-'. A ^h -M^ WILKES-BARRE CHILDREN'S HOME AND CITY HOSPITAL. expense being met by private contributions. In the mean time the Legislature had passed an act legalizing the proceedings of the society, and making it a cor- porate institution, under the name of " The ?Iome for Friendless Children for the Borough of Wilkes-Barre and the County of Luzerne.'' The management of its affairs was vested in a board of trustees consisting of sixteen gentlemen and a board of twenty-four lady man- agers, both organized with the usual officers. During the war an arrangement was made with the State government by which soldiers' orphans were placed temporarily in the Home. The remuneration for their care enabled the managers to enlarge their corps of help- ers and lay by a small sum annually, to form a nucleus to an endowment fund. In 1864 the Home became so crowded with soldiers' orphans that a larger building be- came an absolute necessity. A subscription book was opened and application made to the Legislature for an appropriation. The State promised $2,500 provided double that sum could be raised by subscription. At once four of the trustees, Messrs. G. M. Hollenback, W. S. Ross, William C. Gildersleeve and V. L. Maxwell, subscribed |r,ooo each, others gave $500 each and many added smaller sums, thus securing the State appropriation and making it safe to commence building. The lot was offered at ^ very low price by Mr. Charles Parrish and Dr. E. R. Mayer, and the latter added as a gift an ad- joining back lot for a garden. The building, a large brick edifice with ample grounds, on Franklin street, was completed and occupied in the autumn of 1866. In 1867 active steps were taken to secure the endowment fund. A book for subscriptions was opened. Judge Ross and William C. Gildersleeve each subscribed ^5,000, and smaller subscriptions were added until the sum exceeded $16,000. But the fund has, from vari- ous causes, been singularly unfortunate. The amount subscribed by Judge Ross, having been invested in stocks, was entirely lost, through the failure of the company is- suing them. Other sums were loaned on mortgage, bul owing to the recent depression in values have become worthless. Upon other loans partial interest is paid, and hopes are entertained of ultimately collecting the princi- pal. A second $5,000 bequeathed by the late Mr. Gilder- sleeve is being paid by his executors. In consequence of these misfortunes the Home is still supported almost entirely by charity from citizens of Wilkes-Barre and its immediate neighborhood. Soldiers' orphans have long since ceased to occupy the Home, and that source of aid is closed. Economy has become necessary. The corps of teachers has been greatly reduced, and smaller salaries are paid. The number of children now (September, 1879,) at the Home is between 50 and 60. Scarcely a month passes that good homes are not found for one or more. The Home is governed by a matron of superior character and abilities; the school is managed in an ex- cellent manner by one lady teacher. The children, be- sides their regular school instruction, are taught sewing and various household duties. They are taken regulariy to church, and are under the best of influences. The Wii.kes-Barre City Hospital. The need of such a charity as the Wilkes-Barre City Hospital had long been felt. In 1870 an appeal, signed by nine of the most prominent physicians of the city, was published, urging the necessity of a place in which men injured in and around the mines could have the proper care and treatment to secure recovery. The first meet- ing of citizens to consider the matter was held September loth, 1872, at the office of Hon. H. M. Hoyt. The following is an extract from the minutes of this meeting: " A. T. McClintock was called to the chair, and W. W- Lathrope appointed secretary. The object of the meet- ing was stated by Dr. E. R. Mayer, who also read the draft of a proposed charter. On motion of Judge Dana it was ' resolved that we proceed to establish a hospital in the city of Wilkes-Barre.' It was moved by E. P. Dar- ling, and carried, that a committee of seven be appointed to take into consideration the proper method to procure a charter. The chair appointed E. P. Darling, Hon. L. D. Shoemaker, Hon. E. L. Dana, Hon. H. M. Hoyt, G. R. Bedford, Dr. W. F. Denn's and Washington Lee. It was moved by Mr. Lee ' that an executive committee of three be appointed with full power to lease a building and to establish and conduct a hospital, such committee to act until a permanent organization be effected.' The motion was carried and Washington Lee, Charles A. Miner and George R. Bedford were appointed. On motion of Dr. Mayer, W. W. Lathrope was elected secre- tary and treasurer /iro tern. Hon. L. D. Shoemaker, W. W. Neuer and H. H. Derrwere appointed a committee to solicit subscriptions." The executive committee at once rented a building on Fell street, and after fitting it up properly opened it for the reception of patients October loth, 1872. The number of beds was at first 20, which was increased to 26 during the following year. The first medical staff was as follows: Consulting physicians, Drs. E. R. Mayer, W. F. Dennis, J. E. Bulkeley; attending physicians, Drs. J. T. Rothrock, J. V. Crawford, R. Davis, I. E. Ross, J. A. Murphy, O. F. Harvey and G. W. Guthrie. The staff remains the same with the exception of a vacancy in the consulting staff, caused by the death of Dr. W. F. Dennis, and one in the ranks of the attendant phvsicians made by the removal of Dr. J. T. Rothrock. A resident physi- cian has also been added. January 3d, 1874, a perma- nent organization was effected under a charter granted by the Court of Common Pleas of Luzerne county, dated November 24th, 1873. The following gentlemen were chosen a board of directors: T. A. C. Lanning, A. T. McClintock, Charies Parrish, John Wells Hollenback, Charles A. Miner, Calvin Wadhauis, Stanley Woodward, H. H. Derr, Ira M. Kirkendall, M. B. Houpt, George R. Bedford and George S. Bennett. The present (1879) board of directors is constituted as follows : A. T. Mc- Clintock, Charies A. Miner, E. C. Wadhams, H. H. Derr, Joseph Stickney, E. P. Darling, George S. Bennett, E. H. Chase, John Welles Hollenback, Richard Sharp, R. J. Flick, and Fred. Mercur ; president, Charles A. Miner; Hh HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. vice-president, Richard Sharp; secretary, E. H. Chase; treasurer, H. H. Derr; executive committee, Messrs. Miner, Sharp, Mercur and Derr. There is also a board of visiting lady managers. Prior to the winter of 1874 the support of the hospital was de- rived entirely from voluntary contributions, made by the people of the city. Since that time appropriations ha\e been made by the State as follows: In 1874, $5,000; in 1876, $25,000; in 1877, $ro,ooo; in 1878, |io,ooo. In 1875 a lot containing about four acres, on River street, near Mill creek, affording an elegant site for a hospital building, was presented by John AVelles HoUenback. During the winter of 1875-6 the new hospital building was erected on this lot, and was occupied April ist, 1876. It is a wooden structure two stories high, eighty-six feet square, exclusive of the verandas, and consists of four buildings surrounding a quadrangle. It is capable of accommodating from seventy-five to one hundred beds, and is now supplied with forty-two. The furniture, appliances and instruments are of the most modern and approved kind, and there is a well equipped drug store in which the medicines used by patients are prepared. The average number of patients in attendance is about thirty, a large proportion of whom belong to the surgical wards. The Fire Departments and Fires of Wilkes-Barre. Among the many interesting objects on exhibition at the Wilkes-Barre centennial, July, 1878, was a small hand fire-engine to which was appended the legend, " In ser- vice ninety-eight years, and good yet." This was the first fire engine ever brought to the place, where it had been in use sixty years after having seen thirty-eight years' service, probably in Philadelphia, where it was purchased in 1818 by the borough council and brought to Wilkes-Barre by teams sent for the purpose. It was a "bucket" machine and was called the "Neptune." There was no organized fire company, but all were ex- pected to assist in extinguishing fires, and the late Hon. J. N. Conyngham was the recognized leader. Ladies were frequently seen in the line of bucket-passers. The first Mrs. G. M. HoUenback was always present and worked with a will. One or more leather fire buckets hung conveniently at nearly every house, and at an alarm of fire the occupants would seize them and hurry to the scene of disaster. In 1831 a larger bucket engine and 100 feet of hose were purchased in Philadelphia for $500. A company was organized which met occasionally in the old market- house on the square, but disbanded within six months. The late Hon. G. W. Woodward, Isaac S. Osterhout and W. Bowman were among its members. There was no or- ganization from that time until 1849. When there were fires the course described previously was pursued, with varying success. During the year mentioned an engine known as the "Triton," a suction machine, accom- panied by a hose carriage and about 1,000 feet of leather hose, was purchased. The indebtedness in- curred by the purchase of the engine and part of that by the purchase of the hose and carriage was paid by private subscription. The balance, about $200, was paid by the proceeds of a ball given by the company which had been organized. Major Frank Bowman and Charles Bennett were among its early officers. For a time considerable interest in the movement was mani- fested, but the company had no engine house and no regular place for holding their meetings; and after a pre- carious existence of two years, during which the en;^ine was kept in a barn and in the old market house — whose doors could not be fastened — and was uncared for gener- ally, it disbanded. During this period a company of several boys was formed and operated the "Neptune." On one occasion a fire occurred near the canal, and to save themselves the trouble of filling the reservoir of the engine with buckets, the boys ran it into the canal, im- mersing the box, and standing up to their waists in the water worked the brakes until the fire was extin- guished. In 1859 two companies were organized, of one of which E. B. Harvey was president and C. C. Plotz fore- man. This company used the " Triton" engine, which was rechristened the "Goodwill," and existed until the organization of the paid fire department. The other company used an engine which had been known as the " Reliance" but which they called the "Protector." George N. Reichard was the foreman. The organization subsequently disbanded and another was formed, which used the same engine and, with Henry Frederick as fore- vnan, existed until superseded by the paid department. Another company worthy of mention during this period was composed of boys who " run" the old "Neptune" and were led by James Rutter. With these three com- panies the fire department was systematically organized. Walter G. Sterling was the first chief engineer under this organization. Hon. Henry M. Hoyt was assistant engi- neer. Joseph W. Patten was also for a time chief engi- neer. The department's annual parades and balls are well remembered affairs. The paid fire department was established by authoritv of the borough council in April, 1871, with Hon. Stanley Woodward as chief engineer, and S. H. Sturdevant, C. C- Plotz, and W. Stewart assistant engineers. The apparatus consisted of one steamer, the " Mechanic," presented to the department by the late A, C. Laning, fo jr hose car- riages and one set of hook «nd ladder implements with the truck. The steamer had an engineer and stoker; each of the hose companies consisted of eight men be- sides the foreman and assistant foreman; and there were fifteen men in the hook and ladder company. Subse- quently three additional hose companies with their apparatus were added to the department, and in May, 1874, the second steamer, named the "A. C. Laning," in honor of the donor of the first, was purchased. Hose Company No. 3 was attached to this steamer, and, was thereafter known as No. ^ in the department. Hon. Stanley Woodward served with much credit as chief engineer until January ist, 1880, at which time his resignation took effect. He was succeeded by C. B. -^^ FIRES AND FLOODS AT WILKES-BARRE— BANKS. I 4= Metzger, with T. S. Hillard and Frank Dunsmore as assistant engineers. There have not been many sweeping conflagrations in Wilkes-Barre. In the early days, and previous to 1848, there were few fires, and when there was one it seldom destroyed more than one or two buildings. In that year the Black Bear Tavern and other buildings near the old jail were burned, it is supposed by an incendiary in the hope that in the confusion a murderer confined in the jail might escape. In 1855 the buildings on the east side of the public square, including the Exchange Hotel and the old Butler mill, from Main street to the residence of the late Judge Scott, were burned. All of the buildings on the north side of the square from the Luzerne House to Chahoon Hall were destroyed in 1859. In April, 1867, the buildings on both sides of West Market street, from Franklin street to Loomis's building on the north side, and from the Wyoming National Bank to Eraser's building on the south side, were burned. Two old taverns, the White Horse and the Dennis House, were swept away in this fire. The next fire of importance was that of January ist, 1874, which burned the Frauen- thal Opera House. The last to date (October, 1879), was that which destroyed the Stanton breaker, partly within the city limits, which burned seven hours. Had it not been for the efficiency of the fire department, which the underwriters rate only fourth or fifth in the first class, it is probable fires would have been more frequent and ex- tensive during the years of the Wilkes-Barre's rapid growth from an enterprising borough to a busy city. Floods and Hurricanes. The first great overflowing of the Susquehanna of which there is any local record occurred in 1785. The water was so high as to injure ammunition in Fort Wy- oming on the public common. A horse was also drowned in the settlement at the same time. The next was the great "pumpkin" flood of 1786. There were other floods of greater or lesser magnitude in 1809, 1831, 1833, 1841, 1842, 1843 and 1846. The latter occurred in the spring, the water standing three and a half feet deep on the river bank in Wilkes-Barre. There was another in July, 1850, which extended to all portions of the country round about, preventing mails from reachmg Wilkes-Barre for several days. In the following Septem- ber the water was so high as to cover the flats between Wilkes-Barre and Kingston, and there was no communi- cation between the two places except by means of boats. Another rise of water April 12th and 13th, 1861, filled the cellars on River street and damaged the gas works considerably. March 17th, 1865, the river overflowed the banks and stood in Market street as far up as the crossing in front of Faser & Smith's store, and in several streets in low portions of the city the only means of loco- motion was by boats or rafts improvised for the occasion. Banks and Bankers. 1810 witnessed the opening of the first banking office in Wilkes-Barre. It was a branch of the Philadelphia bank. Ebenezer Bowman was president and John Bet- tie cashier. The office was on River street, in a building since owned and occupied by Mrs. UIp. Notes of the Philadelphia bank were issued, deposits taken, and com- mercial paper discounted until 1820, when the institution was discontinued. " One effect of this branch bank," says Mr. Pearce in his "Annals of Luzerne County," "was to drain the country of its silver, gold being almost unknown." At one time $40,000 in silver were sent to Philadelphia, carefully enclosed in forty small boxes placed in one larger box, which was put in Philip Reed's four-horse wagon and covered with straw, grain, bags, &c. The valuable load was accompanied by Mr. Steuben Butler and Colonel Bowman, one of the bank directors, and five days were occupied in the journey. The Easton and Wilkes-Barre Turnpike Company issued notes of the denominations of 6^, 12^ and 25 cents, and of $1 and $2, in 1811, the stringency of the times and the scarcity of a medium of exchange among the people seeming to demand this measure. The aggregate of these notes reached f 10,000. They bore the signatures of Lord But- ler and Stephen Tuttle, the president and secretary of the company, and under their management every one of these obligations were called in and redeemed. Wilkes-Barre was an important recruiting station in the war of 181 2-14, and the army officers are said to have issued their indi- vidual notes for $1 and $2, which were accepted by the soldiers in payment for their services, and by the farmers in exchange for provisions, all of which are said to have been redeemed. The Susquehanna £ank,oi Wilkes-Barre, was incorpor- ated and organized in 1816, with Joseph Sinton as pres- ident. The notes were engraved, printed and signed, but were never issued, in consequence of the depression in the money market which prevailed at that time, and the bank was never opened. The business here, as else- where, demanded some kind of a circulating medium, and recourse was had by individuals and corporations to the previously tried plan of issuing " shinplasters," as the private money was denominated. At this crisis the progress of trade was aided by the utterance of large amounts of such obligations by the Wilkes-Barre Bridge Company, all of which were redeemed. The Wyoming National Bank. — This institution was organized November i6th, 1829, under the name of the " Wyoming Bank of Wilkes-Barre," under a charter issued from the commonwealth of Pennsylvania November 4th, 1829. William Ross, Henderson Gaylord, John N. Conyngham, William Swetland and Isaac Bowman were appointed commissioners to receive subscriptions for the stock. The directors were William Ross, Benjamin Dor- rance, John N. Conyngham, (t. M. Hollenback, O. Col- lins, Ziba Bennett, William Swetland, H. Gaylord, James Nesbit, jr., SteulDen Butler, Abraham Thomas and Mil- ler Horton. At the first meeting of the board of direct- ors, held November 6th, 1829, Colonel Benjamin Dor- rance was elected president and Ziba Bennett was ap- pointed secretary of the board until a cashier should be appointed. December 19th Edward Lynch was ap- 4= HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. pointed cashier, at a salary of $600 per annum. Colonel Benjamin Dorrance resigned the office of president November 22nd, 1830, and at the same meeting Garrick Mallery was elected to fill the vacancy thus occasioned, continuing in the position till May i8th, 1831, when he resigned both the presidency and his direct- orship and a week later Colonel Benjamin Dor- rance was again chosen to the presidency. May 30th, 1832, Colonel Dorrance a second time resigned and the position was filled by the election of G. M. Hollen- back, who served until his death, November ist, 1866. General William S. Ross was elected his successor No- vember 2ist, and died July nth, 1868. Four days later he was succeeded by Hon. Ziba Bennett, who resigned Jan- uary 9th, 1878, and Colonel Charles Dorrance, the present incumbent, was elected. Edward Lynch, elected Decem- ber 7th, 1853, was the first vice-president. Ziba Bennett was elected November 21st, 1866; Colonel Charles Dor- rance July isth, 1868 ; Thomas Derr January 14th, 1879. When Edward Lynch was promoted to the office of vice-president his place as cashier was filled by the appointment of Edward S. Loop, who was succeeded September 3d, 1874, by Lathan W. Jones, the present cashier. Colonel Benjamin Dorrance having died. Colonel Charles Dorrance was elected, in November, 1837, .to the vacancy thus made in the board of directors. A well remembered attache of the bank, one of the early directors, was Steuben Butler, who was appointed a clerk at a salary of $300 per annum, January 12th, 1831. March 17th, 1861, the offices of the institution were re- moved to the new bank building at the corner of Market and Franklin streets, which, with the adjoining building on Market street, is owned by the corporation. Under the provision of the national banking laws the bank be- came a national bank, under the title of the Wyoming National Bank of Wilkes-Barre, January 19th, 1865. It has a capital of $150,000. The following were its offi- cers in 1879: Colonel Charles Dorrance, president; Thompson Derr, vice-president ; Lathan W. Jones, cashier; James Jones, assistant cashier; Charles Dor ranee, jr., teller. Directors: Colonel Charles Dorrance, Thompson Derr, Payne Pettebone, J. R. Williams, Joseph Stickney, J. Frank Lee, He' Henry M. Hoyt, Hon. Charles A. Miner and Hon. E. C. Wadhams. The First National Bank was organized April 24lh 1863, and chartered July 21st following. It was opened for business August 3d, 1863, with a capital of $51,500. The present capital (1879) is $375,000. The first presi- dent and cashier were James McLean and Thomas Wil- son, respectively. The present officers are: Charles Par- rish, president; Thomas Long, vice-president; Henry C. Smith, cashier; James McLean, teller; W. R. Kingman, bookkeeper. The Second National Bank was organized September 23d, 1863, with a capital of $250,000, which was subse- quently increased to $450,000, The first officers were Thomas T. Atherton, president; M. L. Everett, cashier; Thomas T. Atherton, M. L. Everett, Abram Nesbitt, Samuel Hoyt, Hendrick B. Wright, R. F. Walsh, George Coray, John Sharp, jr., and A. H. Reynolds, directors. The officers in 1879 were as follows: President, Abram Nesbitt; vice-president, R. F. Walsh; cashier, E. A. Spalding; directors — Abram Nesbitt, R. F. Walsh, Isaac Everett, R. F. Black, Isaac Rice, John M. Ward, S. E. Atherton, J. P. Atherton, Abram Goodwam, John R. Crellin and E. A. Spalding. The Miners' Savings Bank was incorporated by an act of February 13th, 1868, and was the first savings bank in the city, the purpose being to establish a savings bank and loan company with powers to transact any other business done by banks in Pennsylvania, and to act as executor or administrator of any deceased testator or intestate. The capital stock is $150,000; the surplus over $50,000. The first officers chosen were: A. C. Laning, president; Ziba Bennett, Walter G. Sterling and A. T. McClintock, vice- presidents; J. A. Rippard, cashier. The present officers (1879) are John S. Law, president; A. T. McClintock and N. Rutter, vice-presidents; David P. Ayers, cashier; W. G. Sterling, assistant cashier; John G. Law, clerk. Directors — John S. Law, N. Rutter, C. L. Lamberton, Payne Pettebone, Hubbard B. Payne, A. T. McClintock, E. P. Darling, Samuel R. Marshall, Thomas Derr and William L. Conyngham. The ITilkes-Barre Deposit and Savings Bank was or- ganized under a charter from the authorities of the State of Pennsylvania and approved by Governor John W. Geary May 20th, 1871, with an authorized capital of $300,000, $150,000 of which was paid in by the stock- holders, and began business July r, 1871. The first di- rectors were Joseph Lippincott, C. L. Lamberton, Stan- ley Woodward, C. Brahl, J. McNeish, jr., W. W. Ketch- am, J. P. Williamson, A. J. Pringle, and F. J. Helfrich; president, Joseph Lippincott; cashier, J. P. Williamson. The directors for 1879 were as follows: Thomas Long, A. N. Van Horn, A. J. Pringle, C. Brahl, F. J. Helfrich, W. S. McLean, J. P. Williamson and Fred Ahlborn; presi- dent, Thomas Long; cashier, Adolph Voigt. The People's Bank. — This bank was organized and commenced business July i, 1872, under a State charter obtained by R. J. Flick with four others named as incor- porators, with a board of eleven directors, with a capital of $250,000 with authority to increase the same to $1,000,000. $125,000 was called in immediately and in 1S74 the balance of the $250,000 was called in and paid up, since which time (with two exceptions) a regular semi- annual dividend has been declared and paid free of all taxes. A surplus of $45,000 has accumulated. The present officers (1879) are: R. J. Flick, president; J. W. Hollenback, vice-president; A. A. Sterling, cashier. Other Banks.— kX different periods other banks have been established in the city, whose general history does not differ much from the same number of similar enter- prises in any locality. Some of them have been private banks and there are some of that kind at the present time. Among the best remembered is the Wilkes-Barre Savings Bank. This bank was organized May 2nd, 1870, with a capital of $100,000. The officers were as follows! Payne Pettebone, president; Peter Purcel, vice-president; ^^ WILKES-BARRE GAS AND WATER COMPANIES— HOLLENBACK CEMETERY. 213 *f John Peters, cashier; Charles Dorrance, jr., teller; Payne Pettebone, Peter Purcel, Charles Dorrance, Joseph Stick- ney, G. M. Harding and M. J. Philbin, directors. De- cember 24th, 1878, this bank went into liquidation, pay- ing off all its depositors and stockholders in full. Water and Gas Companies. The Wilkes-jBarre Water Company was incorporated by act of the Legislature February 12th, 1850. The corporators were George M. Hollenback, Samuel P. Col- lings, Henry M. Fuller, W. J. Woodward, Lord Butler, Thomas W. Miner, Peter C. McGilchrist, Harrison Wright, Calvin Parsons, Ziba Bennett, George P. Steel, Samuel Puterbaugh, Oliver B. Hillard, Edward M. Covell, Sharp D. Lewis, Francis L. Bowman and Joseph Le Clerc. The company was organized at Chahoon Hall July 16th, 1859, at which time and place the following officers were chosen: President, Hendrick B. Wright; secretary and treasurer, Isaac S. Osterhout; managers, Alexander Gray, John Urquhart, William Wood, Charles Parrish, John Reichard and Samuel R. Marshall. The original capital stock was $40,000, with the privilege of increasing it to $80,000. By subsequent amendments it has been increased from time to time, and in 1879 amounted to $220,000. The present officers are: Hen- drick B. Wright, president; Isaac S. Osterhout, secretary and treasurer; Samuel R. Marshall, Benjamin G. Car- penter, William H. Sturdevant, John M. Courtright, John Espy and Isaac S. Osterhout, managers; John Far- rell, superintendent. The company has about thirty-five miles of cement and wrought iron pipe laid, the source of water supply being Laurel run and Mill creek. The Crystal Spring l]^ater Company. — This company was chartered April nth, 1861. Its source of supply is a large pond of the same name in the northeast part of Wright township, south of Wilkes-Barre, one of the sources of Big Wapwallopen creek. The company has $80,000 in capital stock and bonds to the same amount. The officers are as follows: Charles Parrish, president; David Caird, superintendent; Byron Shoemaker, secretary and treasurer; W. S. Hillard, Washington Lee, L. D. Shoe- maker, Samuel Roberts, George H. Parrish and Wood- ward Leavenworth, directors. The Wilkes-Barre Gas Company was chartered in 1854 and the works were constructed in 1856. The present capital stock of the company is $130,000. It has eigh- teen miles of main laid and makes 20,000,000 cubic feet of gas per annum, furnishing gas for city lamps and light- ing most of the leading business places and private resi- dences. The officers for 1879 were: W. L. Conyngham, president; Thomas Derr, treasurer; Marcus Smith, secre- tary and superintendent. Hollenback Cemetery. The old Wilkes-Barre Cemetery had become so crowd- ed with graves in 1850 that it was deemed advisable to obtain a charter for a new cemetery association. The charter was granted to George M. Hollenback, Ziba Bennett, John L. Butler, Hendrick B. Wright, Henry M. Fuller, Jonathan J. Slocum, H. W. Nicholson, Thomas W. Miner, Charles Denison, V, L. Maxwell, Henry Pet- tebone, O. B. Hillard and Robert Porter, with such other persons as they might associate with them, and their successors, who were thereby created a body politic and corporate in law, by the name of the Wilkes-Barre Cemetery Association, and approved January 29th, 1850. Under it the members of the association and their successors jointly were empowered to purchase and to hold real estate to the amount of twenty-five acres in the vicinity of Wilkes-Barre for the purpose of establishing a cemetery, and granted authority to receive as gifts or bequests, for the purpose of ornamenting or improving the cemetery, such personal property as might be deemed necessary to carry out the purpose of the act. It was further decreed that the affairs of the corporation should be entrusted to a president and five managers, to be elected by the mem- bers of the association. After several unsuccessful attempts to purchase a suitable lot, in 1855 George M. Hollenback gave to the association for the purpose of the charter about seventeen acres of land lying north- easterly from the then borough between the river and the Pittston road. As an expression of thankfulness the managers resolved that the name of the association should be changed to " The Hollenback Cemetery Association of Wilkes-Barre and its Vicinity,'' which change was con- firmed by an act of Legislature May 7th, 1855. The aid of J. M. Grumman, a civil engineer of Brooklyn, N. Y., who had had experience in laying out cemeteries, was obtained; and in the course of the summer of 1855 he presented to the managers a draft of the land, divided by avenues into blocks, and sub-divided by pathways into suitable lots. Lithographic maps of this plan of division and allotment were procured, and the people proceeded to make their selection of lots, which, with the exception of three reserved for Mr. Hollenback, were opened to all. They were offered at public sale, and now unsold lots may be selected by any one. No distinction is made among the people and no denominational or sectarian feeling is permitted to enter into the ques- tion of allotment. There is a portion of the grounds devoted to single grave spots, where strangers, or those unable to buy an entire lot, can procure graves at a rea- sonable price. The price of lots and incidental charges were fixed as low as the estimated expenses in erecting a dwelling-house for the superintendent and a receiving vault, in laying out and fencing the grounds, with proper gate or entrance way, and in providing for the super- intendence and charge of the property, would allow. The first officers of the association were: George M. Hol- lenback, president; Isaac S. Osterhout, secretary and treasurer; John L. Conyngham, Ziba Bennett, Henry M. Fuller, Warren J. Woodward and Andrew T. McClin- tock, managers; John Mullany, superintendent. The successive presidents have been George M. Hollenback John L. Conyngham, Ziba Bennett and the present (1879) incumbent, Andrew T. McClintock. Isaac S. Osterhout has continuously held the offices of secretary and treas- <^ 214 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. urer. The present managers are John Wells Hollen- back, William P. Miner, William L. Conyngham, Daniel A. Fell and Geo-ge S. Bennett. Mining Operations — Labor Troubles. Wilkes-Barre's manifest natural advantage as a point of commercial importance in the anthracite coal field can scarcely be too highly estimated. The existence of coal deposits was known to the Indians before white settle- ment begun. Fuel for the early forges was supplied from them, and later, it is claimed, a citizen of Wilkes- Barre made the discovery that coal could be burned for domestic purposes. In an appendix to Chapman's his- tory, written in 1830, it was said: "No portion of the valley affords greater facilities for the transportation of coal, or offers stronger inducements to capitalists to engage in the coal trade than the coal lands in Wilkes- Barre." The truth of these remarks has been amply verified by subsequent experience. In all directions from the center of the city can be seen the dark outlines of giant breakers, where the "' black dia- monds," rained in and about Wilkes-Barre, are pre- pared for the market. The part played by Wilkes- Barre in the development of the vast coal interest is treated in its proper connection. As a matter of purely local interest a mention of the mines in and near the city, with the names of those prominent in their operation, will doubtless be deemed in place here. Young's slope, Bal- timore tunnel and Conyngham shaft are operated by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, with A. H. Vand- ling, of Scranton, as general superintendent, Christopher Scharar as assistant superintendent and inside foreman, and J. M. Chittenden as general outside foreman. When the latest report of the inspector of mines was issued Young's slope was not in operation. William W. Reese was mine boss, and Edward Mackin outside foreman of the Baltimore tunnel, and James Tretheway mine boss of Conyngham shaft. "Turn-outs" and "strikes" seem to be inseparable from mining enterprises, and the history of coal mining shows that they have been of frequent occurrence in the collieries of the old world and the new. So common have been such movements in the anthracite region of Pennsylvania that an ordinary .demonstration on the part of dissatisfied miners excites no more than passing notice. Since the coal interest was developed in Wilkes-Barre, and workmen began to congregate there in considerable numbers, strikes of greater or less importance and of longer or shorter duration have been inaugurated, with or without success. In the majority of cases they have proven disastrous alike to labor and capital. Seldom have they been so formidable as to excite public appre- hension. Not many of them are remembered as events of importance; only one of them, which occurred in 1877 — during that gigantic game of "bluff " between capital and labor now passed into the industrial history of the United States — is deemed to demand extended mention here. The employes of the Lehigh Valley Railroad Com- pany identified themselves with the great strike of 1877 July 25th. At Bethlehem the trains were stopped and the engineers and firemen compelled to leave them dur- ing the day. During the following night the employes at Easton and Wilkes-Barre joined the movement, thus placing the entire length of the road in the hands of the strikers. Freight and passenger trains had been stopped at Bethlehem during the day, but the company was per- mitted to carry the mails. That night all trains were stopped at Wilkes-Barre. They were permitted to move on, however, the next morning, in order that such men employed on them as were residents of other places might go home. The disaffected employes retained pos- session of the road during the remainder of the month, the railroad company only succeeding in running a train from Bethlehem to Mauch Chunk on the 31st. The announcement was made to the strikers that the aban- donment of their trains was nothing less than a forfeiture of their positions in the employ of the company, and that their places would be filled by new men. This measure was adopted to a great extent. In response to an appli- cation for armed assistance, the governor ordered a force of regulars and State militia to protect the road. Thus strengthened, the company resolved to resume business on the ist of August, regardless of resistance. The strikers were no less determined. Assembling in large numbers at the depot in Wilkes-Barre, they resolved that no train should pass in either direction. But in defiance of this demonstration the authorities of the road pre- pared to send a train northward, observing which the rioters became greatly excited and were loud in their threatenings. At this juncture the mayor of the city, W. W. Loorais, forced his way through the crowd and reached and mounted the engine of the waiting train. He read the riot act to the crowd and followed with a brief address of counsel. When he descended from the locomotive he was surrounded by the excited men, who began plying him with questions. During the confusion the train was backed a few hundred yards. This action was not unex- pected, as it was the customary preparation for a change of engines. But though, as usual, another locomotive stood waiting on a side track, and the strikers thought they would have plenty of time to act before the antici- pated change could be made, they were doomed to dis- appointment; for engineer Drumheller let on the steam with such force as to cause the train to dart forward with a velocity that took it out of the crowd before the strikers realized that they were baffled, and their rage at this un- expected turn of affairs can be better imagined than de- scribed. A scene of confusion ensued, and the men were loud in their threats to get even with the company before night. Upon the arrival of the 3:45 train from Elmira, with engineer Drumheller in charge of the loco- motive, the strikers assembled and determined to stop him at all hazards. As the train, which was made up similarly to the one which had gone north, stopped at the depot two of the mob mounted to the cab of the engine and seized Drumheller, while others uncoupled the locomotive from the train and severed the bell cord. =^^ DR. J. L. SHU MAN. Wapwallopen, Luzerne Co., Pa. ""^'m^^mmi^ WILLIAM KOONS. Shickshinny, Luzerne Co., Pa. MRS. F. E. S HUM AN. Wapwalhipeii, Luzerne Co., Pa. JAMES McMillan. Pleasant Valhy, Luzerne Co., Pa. Hh i& =*=^ Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne Co., Pa. Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne Co., Pa. 4^- Hanieyi'ille, Luzerne Co., Pa. .^^^^s>3''^^<:^^:-<^^^-*'«>^-y^_-c=-_<:/'-;»-tO Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne Co., Pa. ^ H}= RAILROAD RIOTS AT WILKES-BARRE— EARLY MANUFACTURES. 2'S At this juncture another engineer leaped into the cab and opening the throttle ran the engine out, bearing away a dozen or more of men and boys who mounted the tender as it started. For a moment the shrill tones of the shrieking whistle drowned the sounds of a melee at the station, in which a United States detective who had been crowded off the platform by a car was badly injured. Drumheller, the engineer, was roughly handled, the ex- cited crowd threatening and cursing in a reckless manner, and some of them brandishing knives and revolvers; and one of the company's constables was attacked, but suc- ceeded in making his escape, despite the fact that he was lame, and sought protection at police headquarters. But signal as it was, the triumph of the rioters was of brief duration. Soon after the engine had been run out of the town the following order was posted on the Lehigh Valley depot: " Notice. — All peaceful and lawful meas- ures have failed to secure safe transit of mail, passenger and freight trains. Notice is hereby given that all trains are abandoned indefinitely, till further notice, on the Wyoming division. By order Robert Sayre, Superinten- dent." On the night of August rst it became known in the city that the State and Federal troops were on their way to Wilkes-Barre and Scranton, and not many hours elapsed ere the strikers, many of whom concealed tlieir identity under masks, were engaged in the lawless work of tearing up the railway tracks with the hope of thus preventing the approach of the soldiers; but Plymouth was invested by the forces early in the morning of the 2nd without resistance on the part of the citizens, and they marched to Wilkes-Barre, occupying the city before daybreak the same morning. The magistrates, strikers and all citizens found in the streets were secured and placed under guard until they could be identified. This unexpected movement paralyzed the strikers, who offered no resistance, and about seventy of them were arrested and held by the troops. A considerable force was stationed at Wilkes-Barre, and under such protection the tracks were repaired and the strike was at an end on the Lehigh Valley road. Governor Hartranft and two trains loaded with troops passed through the city about noon en route for Scranton. Some of the strikers sought and were granted employment in their old places. Military Organizations. — The Armory. The part played by the citizens of Wilkes-Barre in various military movements will be found in the military history of the county. There are at present four companies with headquarters in the city, all of which receive due attention, the fact that they form parts of regiments made up in part of companies located else- where forbidding their extended treatment in this con- nection. The armory on Northampton street, the headquarters of the local military organizations, is a place of interest. For some years it had been the endeavor of Captain Thomas C. Parker and others interested in the Wyoming Artillerists to obtain the commodious building now in use for military purposes, and it was not until 1879 that it was successful, when the privilege was granted to the battery alone, with the provision that should any other military organizations be recruited they should be accorded equal favor. At the expense of a few liberal minded citizens, seconded by the enterprising owner of the building, it is being fitted up as a military rendez- vous, and when finished will be as tine an armory as any in the State. MANUFACTURING HISTORY. early manufacturing and mechanical items. In 1810 there were in the township thirty-three hand looms, and during a year which included a portion of the one mentioned 129 yards of cotton, 1,717 yards of woolen and 6,531 yards of linen cloth were manufactured. Francis McShane established a small cut-nail factory at Wilkes-Barre, using anthracite coal for smelting iron, and for several years conducted a successful wholesale and retail business. There was in the early days of the borough the usual diversity of mechanics' shops, and the proprietors changed from time to time, rendering the tracing of the history of these common industries more than difficult. In 1833 Wilkes-Barreans saw the con- struction and completion of what was then justly re- garded as a triumph of mechanical ingenuity. Richard Jones, a very ingenious young mechanic, who it is said had no knowledge of a steam engine except such as he had been able to obtain by a study of engravings of them in books, constructed a working model of one with a onr- and-a-half-inch cylinder and a three-inch stroke. This was the first steam engine ever manufactured in Luzerne, Lackawanna and Wyoming counties. The first one con- structed within the same territory for service was built three years later by Benjamin Drake and J. C. Smith, and placed in Smith's mill in Plymouth. It was a 15- horse power engine, with a 9-inch cylinder and a 3-foot stroke. later manufactu-ring history. A large rolling mill and nail factory were erected at South Wilkes-Barre by Thomas Chambers, E. R. Biddle & Co., in 1840, at a cost of $300,000. The firm became involved and the establishment was sold to satisfy a debt due the Wyoming Bank; and, passing into the hands of the Montour Iron Company, was removed to Danvilk, Montour county. During the period of the successful operation of this establishment Wilkes-Barre increased immeasurably in business and population. In 1840 Lewis Le Grand opened a blacksmithing and general jobbing, ironing and repair shop on South Main street. In 1859 he began the manufacture of wagons — his main shop, which he now occupies, having been erected in 1857. In 1871-73 D. R. Malvin was a partner in the concern. December 4th, 1872, C. D. Le Grand, son of Lewis Le Grand, patented the well-known buckboard wagon since so extensively manufactured at this establishment. No- vember nth, 1878, the patent was renewed to cover re- cently perfected improvements. In 1842 H. S. & E. ^^ 2l6 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. RenvWck, of New York, erected an anthracite furnace, operated by steam power, and carried on the manufac- ture of pig-iron for about a year; but the furnace was subsequently permitted to He idle until 1854, when it was purchased by John McCanley and the Messrs. Car- ter of Tamaqua, who enlarged it and began business on quite an extensive scale. The iron ore and limestone were brought from Cohirabia county by canal, and the works, under the supervision of Mr. McCanley, yielded six tons of iron per day. In 1856 the establishment was burned. Planing Mills. — In 1844 S. Y. Kittle established him- self as a manufacturer of furniture on South Main street, below Ross. He introduced improved machinery from time to time, and putting in power planers about twenty years later, engaged quite extensively in the manufacture of planed lumber and mouldings. In January, 1854, Price & Wetzel established a planing mill at the corner of Canal and Union streets, where buildings were erected for that purpose. A year later the firm became Price & Haas. Ten years afterward Mr. C. B. Price became sole proprietor, and remained so until 1876, when the firm be- came C. B. Price & Son. About 1864 the original build- ings were burnt and replaced by others, which were torn down in a dozen years, after the erection of the present commodious accommodations on Canal street, near Mar- ket. Operations at the planing mill on Canal street now the property of the estate of Stephen Lee, deceased, were begun about 1855. The establishment, after passing through the hands of several proprietors, became the property of Hamilton & Brew, of whom the late Ste])hen Lee purchased it in 1867. Since his death, in 1874, the business has been conducted by his sons Conrad and Samuel N. Lee, executors of his will, and builders, fur- nishers and dealers in all kinds of lumber. Another leading establishment in this line of manufacture and trade is that of J. E. Patterson & Co., on Canal street at the cornei; of Jackson, which has an extended trade and reputation, having received the Centennial medal for its doors, etc. The Vulcati Iron Works. — The Vulcan Iron Works, one of the most important manufacturing interests in the city, were founded by Richard Jones in 1849, and suc- cessfully conducted by him until i866, when a stock company was formed and incorporated with a capital stock of $100,000, of which Richard Jones was president and superintendent, and Robert T. Block secretary and treasurer. The company began at once to increase the capacity of the works by building a substantial brick ma- chine shop seventy-five by one hundred feet, and equipped with the most modern tools, and a three-story brick pattern house. The constant demand for heavy machinery manufactured at these works compelled the' company to further enlarge their manufacturing capacity by the erection of a new foundry and pattern shop eighty by one hundred and sixty-five feet, and a smith and boiler shop sixty-six by one hundred and thirty feet, in 1873, when the capital stock had increased to I200.000. During the progress of these improvements Mr. Richard Jones died. He was succeeded by L. C. Paine as presi- dent, and E. H. Jones, son of the former president, be- came superintendent. The works are built within an area of about eight acres, fronting four hundred feet on Main street and extending six hundred and thirty-four feet back to the Pennsylvania Canal. Tracks and sidings run into the shops from the Lehigh Valley Railroad, with a turn-table by which cars can be directed into any de- partment of the establishment. The class of work manu- factured embraces machinery of every description. These works, founded on a small scale but suited for the work then required, are of a capacity to make the heavi- est machinery needed for the deepest shafts (some being nine hundred feet in depth) including pumps, ventilating fans, boilers, coal breakers, rolls, screens, etc. The quality of the work has kept pace with the increased weight, and it stands pre-eminent for its adaptation to heavy and deep mining. The Wyoming Valley Manufacturing Company. — In t866 Jonathan Mooers & Son had a small foundry at the corner of Main and Dana streets. Mr. Milton Dana and others afterwards became interested, the firm name was changed to Dana & Co. April 5th, 1867, a charter was granted by the Legislature of Pennsylvania to William L. Stewart and others under the name of the Wyoming Val- ley Manufacturing Company, and the 30th of the en- suing month the following officers were elected: E. W. Sturdevant, president; E. Robinson, vice-president; F. Koerner, secretary and treasurer; Milton Dana, assistant secretary; superintendent, William L. Stewart. The company enlarged the capacity of the foundry and erect- ed a frame machine shop, a car shop and other necessary buildings on the same location, but as the business in- creased it became necessary to secure more room. New brick buildings were erected on lands purchased of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, immediately ad- joining the railroad and affording increased facilities for receiving material and shipping manufactured articles. At these works are manufactured every description of light and heavy machinery, including steam engines for shafts, slopes, planes, coal breakers, blast and rolling mills; double and single acting pumps of every variety, for mining and other purposes; mills for powder making, locomotives, flue, tubral and cylinder boilers, of the best Pennsylvania charcoal boiler plate; forging of all kinds, and iron and brass casting of every description. The wire rope machinery of the Hazard Manufacturing Company was made at this establishment. The present (1880) officers of the company are as follows: Richard Sharpe, president; A. H. Van Horn, vice-president; Richard Sharpe, jr., treasurer; H. K. McLean, superin- tendent and J. N. Davison, bookkeeper. The company has at present an authorized stock of |ioo,ooo. The Hazard Manufacturing Company. — The Hazard Manufacturing Company, manufacturers of iron and steel wire ropes, is the outgrowth of a business in the same line established by Fisher Hazard, of Mauch Chunk, at that place in 1848. The growing demand for such a manu- factory in the heart of the anthracite coal region led to *€^= ■-=«=^^ "FIRWOOD" RESIDENCE OF GEN. E W.STURDEVANT , WILKES-BARRE ,PA. L U b C RN E CO . RESIDENCE OF HON CHARLES A M I N ER , WILKES-BARRE , PA. — — FRANKLIN ST. MANUFACTURING INTERESTS OF WILKES-BARRE. 217 o its removal to Wilkes-Barre. A stock company was formed, of which Fisher Hazard was elected president, E. B. Leisenring treasurer, and T. C. North superintend- ent and secretary, December ist, 1867. In 1868 the company was chartered, Charles Parrish, E. B. Leisenring and Fisher Hazard being the corporators. A second election of officers was held January i8th, 1876, which resulted in the choice of the gentlemen now (1880) serv- ing: Charles Parrish, president; Woodward Leavenworth, secretary and treasurer, and T. C. North, superintendent. The ropes manufactured by this company are made of wire drawn at their own factory from the best brands of Swedes' and Norway iron and a superior quality of steel. All sizes of round and flat, coarse or fine, iron or steel wire rope, for the transmission of power and use on slopes, derricks, shafts and ferries, and as guy ropes, are manufactured. The machinery is of the most approved style, and capable of turning out 6,000 feet of three-inch wire rope in one piece. The trade of the company ex- tends throughout the United States and Canadas, wire rope being extensively employed in coal mining districts upon planes, slopes and shafts, in the silver and gold re- gions of the west, and in cities upon elevators and hoists. Round wire rope is usually used in the coal regions, and flat wire rope in silver and gold mining. This company has sent much of the latter variety to the silver mining district of Nevada. The Dickson Manufacturing Company. — The Dickson Manufacturing Company of Scranton have established an important branch in Wilkes-Barre, under the manage- ment of Jaines Dickson, superintendent, which is duly mentioned in connection with the history of that corpor- ation. The Wilkes-Barre establishment is largely devoted to the manufacture of engines, boilers and general min- ing machinery. The shops are located on Canal street above East Market, and were formerly occupied by the firm of Laning & Marshall, formerly extensive manu- facturers in Wilkes-Barre for a considerable period. The Wyojning Blue Stone Works. — This company had its origin in January, 1867, when a partnership was formed between J. S. Lum, P. A. Wine and J. P. Browns- combe. In 1869 the firm became Lum & Brownscombe, who were succeeded a few months later by J. P. Browns- combe. In April, 187S, a partnership was formed be- tween J. P. Brownscombe, of Wilkes-Barre, and D. H. King, of New York. The quarries of the firm are at Meshoppen, Wyoming county, the main office at Wilkes- Barre, and the New York office at 37 and 39 Wall street. The business was established for the manufacture of flag- ging stone. In 1870 the manufacture of cut stone was introduced, and a wholesale trade was begun in 1871. The firm has shipped flagging and curb stone to New York city, Elmira, Oswego and Binghamlon, N. Y.; to Easton, Reading, Harrisburg and Philadelphia, Pa., and to Elizabeth and Newark, N. J. A quarry of heavy stone was opened at Meshoppen in 1875, and building stone has been sent in all directions. One car load was shipped to New York in 1875. During the early part of 1880 9.8 600 car loads were sold, and the demand exceeded the ability of the firm to supply. Miscellaneous Mam/facturcs. — In the spring of i860 Fred Ahlborn beg.ih the manufacture of soap and chan- dlers' ware at the corner of Canal and Northampton streets. The present factory was erected on the same ground in 1874. In 1876 the firm became Ahlborn Brothers. They are extensive manufacturers of soap and candles and dealers in tallow, sal-soda and similar goods. J. H. Brock began the manufacture of wire screens on Canal street about 1874. In 1876 he sold the establish- ment to Mr. E. H. Hunt, who is doing an extensive and constantly increasing business in the manufacture of woven vvrought-iron screens for screening coal. There is a smaller establishment of the kind in the city. C. A. Becker, manufacturer and dealer in all kinds of earthen ware, Rockingham and yellow ware and a great variety of stove linings, terra cotla garden vases and flower pots, began business in 1B74. His factory is on Canal street near Northampton. The Oliver Powder Works have obtained an excellent reputation, and through the energy and ])ersistence of their founder and owner. General P. A. Oliver, are established permanently and successfully, and are doing a very extensive business. These works are situated at Laurel Run station on the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad, and near the celebrated Prospect Rock on the mountain overlooking the valley on the east. There are also manufactories of paper packing boxes and flouring-mills. packing houses and the usual variety of mechanic's shops, large and small. manufacturers' Aip ASSOCIATION. In pursuance of previous announcement, a meeting was held at the office of Messrs. Farnham & Paine, on Franklin street, on the evening of March 20th, 1880, at which the following gentlemen were present: John Welles Hollenback, Charles D. Foster, L. C. Paine, Mayor-elect Brodrick, Jonas Long, Daniel H. Frantz, Richard Sharpe, B. G. Carpenter, Col. George N. Reichard, Marcus Smith, William Dickover, Daniel Fell, G. M. Miller, Fred. C. Johnson, L. L. Ayres, W. F. Goff, C. L. Lamb, William Stoddard, B. F. Dorrance, George S. Bennett, M. B. Houpt, R. J. Flick, Col. C. M. Conyng- ham, George A. Wells and J. R. Coolbaugh. It was proposed to organize an association for the pur- pose of protecting the inferests of manufacturers, and of inducing such people to locate in Wilkes-Barre as it might be thought would aid to advance the best interests of the city. A general plan of operations was adopted, and Charles Parrish was elected president and George N. Reichard secretary and treasurer of the organization, which it was voted to call the Wilkes-Barre Manufac- turers' Aid Association. The following resolution was adopted: " That our city government and the three district school boards be requested to adopt proper legis- lation whereby manufacturers desiring to locate in our city may be exempt for a term of years from taxation on their real estate and machinery for either municipal or =^^ ^> 2l8 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. school purposes, and that the executive committee shall confer with the city council and the school board on this exemption." After some discussion concerning the prices of coal, gas and water, and the necessity for liberality on the part of real estate owners in dealing with such parties as might be induced to invest in manufacturing enterprises in the city, assurances were given that the necessaries mentioned would be supplied to such persons at a reason- able figure, and it was deemed probable that gifts of lots will be made should occasion require. A small fund being necessary to defray current expenses, such as ad- vertising in New York and New England papers, sending out committees to manufacturing centers, etc., a sub- scription was started, and in a few minutes an amount sufficient for the present exigencies was pledged. The importance of this movement on the part of Wilkes- Barre's most enterprising business men on the future of the city can be but dimly foreshadowed. WILKES-BARRE AS A MANUFACTURING CENTER. The city of Wilkes-Barre offers decided advantages for manufacturers and capitalists desiring a location for factories, etc. Its close proximity to the great iron pro- ducing districts of the Lehigh valley, as well as of the Susquehanna, gives it a decided advantage for iron work of any description. Its railroad connections place manufacturers of iron products in immediate and cheap communication with the great iron producing sections. Its close contiguity to the large and prosperous agri- cultural counties of Bradford, Wyoming and Susquehanna insures a favorable price and abundant supply of farm products, while the low prices for fuel combine to make the cost of living as low as in any other eastern city, and probably lower than in most of them. But its greatest advantages are the abundance of women and children laborers and its cheap fuel. Of the former it has an almost untouched field to select from. The male mem- bers of the family are largely engaged in and about the mines, while to the female members no occupation is attainable. It is estimated that in and around the city there are 5,000 or more of this class ready and willing to work at low wages. As to coal suitable for steam pur- poses, millions of tons can be had for a trifle above the cost of hauling. The coal, or culm, is constantly increas- ing in amount and is readily accessible from any portion of the city. It is now largely used by steam makers for the production of power, and in quantity is practically inexhaustible, and can be delivered for fifty cents per ton. Manufacturers preferring to use lump or steam sizes can get these at low prices compared with the cost elsewhere. Biiilding materials are also obtainable at low figures. The great lumber interests are in close proxim- ity and easily accessible. Building stone is abundant and cheap, and large quantities of brick are made within the city limits. Building sites for desirable manufacturing uses can be had at very low figures, and some are offered gratuitously. The city has three separate and independ- ent railroad connections with the west as well as with the seaboard, and also canal facilities with the lower Susquehanna, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and points south, and railroad transportation can be arranged on favorable terms to large transporters. A prominent advantage also is the low rate of assessment and taxation, likely to be continued in the future. The banking capital is abundant, there being between $1,500,000 and $2,000,000 thus invested and insuring to manufacturers a full supply of capital for business purposes. The water system is unsurpassed in its excel- lence of water and the supply is full. SECRET, SOCIAL AND OTHER ORGANIZA- TIONS. June 24th, 1779, while General Sullivan's army was en- camped on the plain where Wilkes-Barre now is, a lodge of masons met in the tent of Colonel Proctor. A chap- lain read on this occasion, which was probably the first convention of a lodge on the Susquehanna, one of P.ev. Dr. Smith's masonic sermons. A few days afterward ihe funeral services of the order were read at the graves ")f Captain J. Davis and Lieutenant William Jones of the nth Pennsylvania regiment, two masons who had been killed during the preceding April a few miles east of Wilkes-Barre. They were reinterred in the AVilkes-Barre burying ground. Wilkes-Barre Lodge, No. 61. F. &= A. M. — February 27th, 1794, the second lodge of Ancient York Masons that convened in Luzerne county was opened in the " Old Fell house," with the following principal officers: W. M., George Seytz; S. W., John Paul Schott; J. W., Peter Grubb; secretary, Arnold Colt; treasurer, Samuel Bowman. Among the early members of this lodge were Asa Dim- mock, Ezekiel Hyde, Stephen Tuttle, Isaac Bowen, J. and E. Bulkley, Caleb Hoyt, Peter Yarrington, Charles Miner, Joseph Wright, Oliver Helrae, James Campbell, Josiah Wright, Samuel Jameson, Jonathan Hancock, Zebulon Marcy, Eleazer Blackman and F. Depuy. Revs. Drake, Cox, and William Bishop were early chap- lains. On St. John's day, 1794, the first named preached a sermon to the assembled lodge in the court-house. De- cember 23d, 1799, the members of the lodge heard with much sadness the announcement of the death of Washing- ton, and four days later assembled in the court-house to hear an eulogy upon the great deceased mason from Roswell Wells. The regular communications and other sessions of the lodge were held at the house of Jesse Fell until 1804, when a room was rented in the court- house for an annual consideration of $10. The anti- masonic excitement induced by the alleged abduction of William Morgan in 1826 resulted more disastrously to lodges throughout New York and northern Pennsylvania than elsewhere. The last regular communication of the Wilkes-Barre lodge prior to 1844 was held August 12th, 1832. ■^ )=a ■#■ -: *^^- ^^ MASONIC LODGES, WILKES-BARRE. 219. Hh^ The successive worshipful masters of this lodge have been as follows: George Seytz, 1794; John Paul Schott, 1795,1796; Sam- uel Bowman, 1797; Jesse Fell, 1798, 1799; John Paul Schott, 1800-02; Jesse Fell, 1803; Eleazer Blackman, 1804; Isaac Bowman, 1805; Charles Miner, 1806, 1807; Jesse Fell, 1808; Eleazer Blackman, 1809; Samuel Bow- man, 1810, i8ii; Allen Jack, 1812; Jesse Fell, 1813; Isaac Bowman, T814; John B. Gibson, 1815, 1816; Isaac Bow- man, 1817; Geo. Denisoii, 1818, 1819; Andrew Beaumont, 1820, 1821; Garrick Mallery, 1822-24; Harris Jenkins, 1825; Andrew Beaumont, 1826; Isaac Bowman, 1827; John N. Conyngham, 1828-31; Henry Pettebone, 1832; 'inu-rrregnura); Andrew Beaumont, 1844; Henry Pette- bone, 1845; William S. Reddin, 1846; Ezra Hoyt, 1847, 1848; Jesse Lines, 1849; John R. Dean, 1850; Warren J. Woodward, 1851; Asher M. Stout, 1852, 1853; Andrew Yohe, 1854; Francis L. Bowman, 1855; Thomas Cassidy, 1856; E. B. Harvey, 1857; S. D. Lewis, 1858; G. B. Nicholson, 1859; James P. Dennis, i860; George Urqu- hart, i86t; Henry M. Hoyt, 1862; David Mordecai, 1863; Lewis C. Paine, 1864; Theron Burnett, 1865; Thaddeus S. Hillard, i866; Edward H. Chase, 1867; Edmund L. Dana, 1868; Isaiah M. Leach, 1869; John Laning, 1870; Isaac Livingston, 187 1; William Lough- ridge, 1872; Hendrick B. Wright, 1873; William L. Stewart, 1874; Olin F. Harvey, 1875; John B. Quick, 1876; John W. Gilchrist, 1877; Stewart L. Barnes, 1878. The officers for 1879 were: Oscar J. Harvey, W. M.; A. E. Winlack, S. W.; D. S. Bennett, J. W.; William L. Stewart, treasurer; John P. Pollock, secretary; D. Metz- gar, S. D.; S. F. Wadharas, J. D.; S. J. Tonkin, S. M. of C; F. J. Montgomery, J. M. of C; S. J. Polan, P.; J. W. Robinson, T.; George Urquhart, C. Meetings are held every four weeks at the hall of the lodge, on the south side of the public siemhtr i6th, 1830, the Methodist church in Wilkes-Barre was formally organ- ized. Rev. Charles Nash was preacher in charge, and the following persons were its first ofificial members: Ex- horters — Robert Miner and Comfort Gary. Stewards — Gilbert Barnes, Sharp D. Lewis, Ziba Bennett, Robert Miner and David Thompson. Class leaders— Gilbert Barnes, Robert Miner, Thomas Brown, Lorenzo Ruggles, David Thompson and Samuel Gaskill. Trustees — John Carey, Joseph Slocum, Ziba Bennett, Sharp D. Lewis, Lewis Worrall, Abraham Thomas and Anning O. Cha- hoon. The church continued to grow in numbers and influ- ence. As there were no accommodations in the church on the square for social meetings, Ziba Bennett in 1836 built and gave to the church the use of a building for such purpose on North Main street, on the site of J. H. Montanye's tin store. The public preaching services and the Sunday-school continued to be held in the old church. The increasing prosperity of the church soon demanded other and more suitable quarters. In 1846 the subject of a new church edifice was considered, and a committee was appointed to solicit the necessary funds to erect the building, Ziba Bennett having donated a lot on Franklin street for that purpose. In 1847 sufficient funds had been subscribed to warrant the trustees in commencing the erection of the new church edifice. The old church on the square was offered for sale and ar- rangements were made to begin the new church in the spring of 1848. Ziba Bennett, Lord Butler, William Wood and Sharp D. Lewis were appointed a building committee. In 1849 the old church was sold to O. Col- lins, G. M. Hollenback and Charles Dennison for $600. It was subsequently pulled down antl removed. The new church on Franklin street was completed and dedicated October 4th, 1849, by Rev. Jesse T. Peck, D. D., now Bishop Peck. It cost exclusive of the lot 08,2oo, and was dedicated free from debt. At that time it was the finest and most commodious building of the kind in the country round about. The enterprise was started under the pastorate of Rev. David Shepherd, prosecuted and continued under that of Rev. Bostwick Hawley and completed under that of Rev. Thomas H. Pearne. The following pastors served this church from 1826 to 1850: Rev. George Peck, 1826-28; Revs. Joseph Castle and Silas Comfort, 1828-30 (Wilkesbarre and Wyoming were united for these two years, when Wilkes-Barre was again made a station); Rev. Charles Nash 1830-32; Rev. H. F. Rowe, 1832, 1833; Rev. Selah Stocking, 1833-35; Rev. J. M. Snyder, 1835-37; Rev. Robert Fox, 1837,1838; Rev. D. Holmes, 1838-40; Rev. John Davison, part of 1840; Rev. D. W. B"ristol, 1840-42; Rev. John Seys, 1842, 1843; Rev. D. Holmes, 1843, 1844; Rev. D. A. Shepherd, 1844-46; Rev. B. Hawley, 1846-48; Rev. Thomas H. Pearne,i848-so. In 185 1 Newport, one of the outside preaching places, was taken from this charge and made a separate station. In 1852 the population had increased and the churches multiplied to such an extent in this section that a new conference, the Wyoming, was set off from the Oneida Conference. The present Wyoming Conference does not include more than one third of the territory that was embraced in the Wyoming circuit in the year 1800. In 1854 the church on the Plains was made a separate charge. Ross Street- Methodist Episcopal.— 'V\it growth of the church and the increasing population of Wilkes-Barre ^oon required another church in the southwestern por- tion of the town. For a number of years there had been a church class and a flourishing Sunday-school at Wood- ville. In 1855 the project of building a second church took form, and in May, 1857, the Ross Street M. E. Church was organized; and soon after their house of worship, a brick edifice which cost, including its enlarge- ment in 1876, about $6,000, was completed. It was built on a lot generously donated by Moses Wood. A parsonage was erected in 1856. Rev. William Wyatt, then presiding elder of the district, and Mrs. Wyatt were active in the organization of the church and the erection of the house of worship. The membership in 1879 was about 200. The first pastor was Rev. A. Brooks, who remained two years. His successors and their terms of service have been as follows: Revs. S. Weiss, two years; H. Wheeler, three years; J. G. Eckman, three years; L. C. Floyd, three years; L. W. Peck, two years; F. L. Hil- ler, three years; D. C. Olmstead, two years; H. M. Crydenwise, present incumbent (1879). There is an efficient Sunday-school connected with this church. It has a membership of 342. The first superintendent was " Mother" Wood; the present super- intendent is Hon. C. Wadhams. In 1869 the old parsonage, which stood where William Tuck's residence now stands on Franklin street, was sold and a new and fine one was built on the lot adjoining the present church, at a cost of about $10,000. In 1870, as Wilkes-Barre had grown to such an extent in the northern part of the town, and as there was no place for worship near by, a mission chapel was erected on North Franklin street at a cost of $2,700. The lot was kindly donated by Charles A. Miner, George B. Kulp and Edward H. Chase. A Sunday-school had been started the year before, and was held in the public school building on Courtright avenue. When the chapel was completed it was removed there. The following persons have been superintendents of the school: Theron Burnet, P. M. Carhart, Charles H. Wheelock, W. G. Weaver; D. Stur- devant, A. C. Montanye and Frank Puckey. The school numbers at present i superintendent, 17 officers and teachers, 79 scholars in main school, 80 scholars in the primary school; total, 177. Parrish Street Methodist Episcopal. — There were no *^- =M.¥ *^^ PARRISH STREET M. E. CHURCH, WILKES-BARRE— SUNDAY-SCHOOT-S. 231 church accommodations for a large population in the southeastern portion of Wilkes-Barre, and early in 1870 Revs. Charles and A. D. Alexander, the latter of whom was the pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church at Ashley, held a series of meetings in the Parrish street school-house, and formed a class with Mr. John Benning, a member of the Ross street Methodist church as leader. Rev. A. D. Alexander was succeeded at Ashley by Rev. A. C. Bowdish, who had charge of the Parrish street class, which was annexed to the Ashley charge and known as "the Hill class." In the spring of 1872 the class was organized as a mission charge and was ministered to by Rev. D. Marvin for one year. At the conference of 1873 Rev. Henry Browscombe was sent to the charge as pastor, and remained three years. In 1876 he was suc- ceeded by Rev. Oscar L. Severson. A year later the Parrish street church was self-supporting. Mr. Severson remained three years and was succeeded in the spring of 1879 by Rev. E. L. Santee. The house of worship of this society is a wooden building 40 by 60 feet, standing on the south side of Parrish street. It was erected early in the history of the society and dedicated March 17th, 1872, and valued at $8,000. The Parrish street Methodist Sunday-school was organized in the school-house aboved mentioned on the first Sunday in January, 1869, though the first meeting for that pur- pose was held a week earlier. Rev. J. G. Eckman, then pastor of the Ross Street Methodist Episcopal Church was a leader in the movement. Mr. J. D. L. Harvey, a member of the Franklin street Methodist church was chosen superintendent, Jesse Briggs assistant superin- tendent, and A. B. Sands treasurer. The attendance the first Sunday was twenty-five. The library contains 325 volumes, the teachers and officers are efficient, and the school is in a flourishing condition. The following pastors have served the mother church fthe First Methodist Episcopal) from 1850 to 1880 Rev. Nelson Rounds, 1850-52; Rev. George Peck, D. D., 1852-54; Rev. William Wyatt, 1854, 1855; Rev. Henry Brownscombe, 1855-57; Rev. J. M. Snyder, 1857, 1858 Rev. Reuben Nelson, part of 1858 and 1859; Rev. Z Paddock, D. D., 1859, i860; Rev. Jacob Miller, 1860-62 Rev. J. A. Wood, 1862-64; Rev. Y. C. Smith, 1864-67 Rev. Hen'ry Brownscombe, 1867-69; Rev. Thomas M Reese, 1869-72; Rev. A. H. Wyatt, 1872-74; Rev. W. H Olin, 1874-77; Rev. J. E. Smith, D. D., 1877-80. The present official members are: Rev. W. H. Olin, D D., presiding elder; Rev. J. E. Smith, D. D., pastor; Rev W. W. Loomis, local'elder; Rev. James Thomas, local deacon; class leaders, Rev. J. E. Smith, Rev. W. W, Loomis, A. Kesler, T. Burnet, W. L. Stewart and G. A Wells; Stewards, H. H. Derr, Urbane Dilley, E. S Morgan, Elias Robins, A. Mitchell, John Espy, William Tuck, Robert Tucker and W. H. Sturdevant; board of trustees, L. D. Shoemaker (president), George S. Ben- nett (secretary), P. Abbott (treasurer), A. Kesler, D. L. Rhone, B. G. Carpenter and H. H. Derr; superinten- dents of Sunday-schools, George S. Bennett (church school) and Frank Puckey (mission school). The church numbers in full connection 400. The number of probationers is 50. Siiiniay-Schoo/s. — Many who then were or subsequently became Methodists attended or taught in the early Sun- day-school whose sessions were held in Judge Scott's office. When the Methodists obtained the upper room of th-j old court-house as a place of worship they started a school of their own. Gilbert Bnrnes is thought to have been its first superintendent. The first official record of the Sunday-schools connected with this church is found in the minutes of the quarterly conference held Aug. 23d, 1834. Rev. S. Stocking, preaclrer, reported that there were within his charge4 Subhath-schools, with 216 scholars, 5 superintendents; 4 libraries with 365 volumes. One school was the church school, which met in the church on the square; Gilbert Rirnes superintendent, Ziba Bennett assistant. The other schools were at Hanover, Laurel Run and the Plains. In 1829 an infant school was started by Miss Abi Slocum, now Mrs. Lord Butler, in the jury room of the old court-hou^e. This school, the first of its kind ever held here, was maintained for a number of years and then discontinued. September 29th, 1844, Mrs. Charles B. Drake, now Mrs. Henry Lewis, of Madison, N. Y., commenced teaching an infant class in the gallery of the old church. In a few weeks this class was removed to the second story of the prayer room on North Main street, which had been fitted up for that purpose. It remained there until the church on Franklin street was built. Mrs. Drake continued in charge of this primary school until April 26th, 1868. Mrs. J. E. Patterson, who had been Mrs. Drake's assist- ant for six years, succeeded her as teacher. She held the position until 1872. Mrs. E. B. Hopkins served as teacher for a short time, and ttien Mrs. W. N. Jennings was elected to the office, which she held for nearly a year. In April, 1873, Miss Sarah Overton, now Mrs. Elias Robbins, was chosen teacher of this primary class, and she has been continued as such to the present time. Gilbert Barnes was superintendent of the main Sunday- school of this church until 1850, when he removed from Wilkes-Barre. In that year the school had two superin- tendents, 25 teachers, 125 scholars in the main school, 75 scholars in the primary class and 800 volumes in the library. Lord Butler was appointed Mr. Barnes's suc- cessor. He held the office about a year, and Ziba Ben- nett was appointed, and remained in office until 1866, when W. W. Loomis was elected. In 1868 George S. Bennett was elected and he has held the office since. In 1 868 an intermediate class was established as an advanced grade of the primary class, and as preparatory to the junior department or main school. In 1873, the accommodations of the church edifice not being sufficient to meet the wants of the increasing numbers of the Sunday-school and the social meetings of the church, the project of erecting a chapel in the rear of the church was started. George S. Bennett, B. G. Carpenter and H. H. Derr were appointed a commit- tee to procure suitable plans and an estimate of the cost of the proposed building. In 1874 Mrs. Priscilla L. Ben- «^h cjk 232 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. nett proposed to build the new chapel, provided the church and congregation would raise an equal amount of money to remodel the present church edifice or erect a new structure. This generous proposition was accepted, and in 1875 plans were procured for the chapel and new church and bubscriptions received. In 1876 the building of the chapel commenced. The following persons con- stituted the building committee: Geo. S. Bennett, B. G. Carpenter, D, L. Rhone, P. Abbott and H. H. Derr. The chapel was completed early in 1877, and cost, exclusive of the ground, furnished throughout, $27,500. It was dedi- cated February nth, 1877. Rev. J. H. Vincent, D. D., preached the dedicatory sermon. Rev. R. Nelson, D. D., in behalf of the donors presented to the trus- tees the land on which it stands — the gift of Hon. Ziba Bennett and Mrs. Martha B. Phelps — and the build- ing and furnishings, the gift of Mrs. Priscilla L. Bennett, wife of Judge Bennett. The ladies of the church contrib- uted the furniture and fittings of the church rooms in the building, Hon. L. D. Shoemaker, president of the board of trustees, received the same. The chapel was then for- mally dedicated by Rev. W. H. Olin, pastor. The offi- cers of the school were as follows in 1880: Superinten- dent, George S. Bennett; male assistant superintendent, H. H. Derr; female assistant superintendent, Mrs. P. L. , Bennett; secretary, D. S. Morgan; assistant secretary, W. S. Carpenter; treasurer, Elias Robbins; chorister, George A. Wells; cornetist, John Hughes; pianist, C. E. Clark; librarian, P. Abbott; assistant librarians, C. D. Wells, J. P. Brownscombe, Willard Post and W. G. Phelps. The total membership of the school is 709; number of vol- umes in the library,. 700. First Free Methodist. — This church was organized March 27th, 1870, by Rev. John Glen, its first pastor. The original members were W. B. Bertels, S. A. Bertels, H. H. Pease, Mercy Pease, Eliza Pryor, J. Pryor, John Yocum, Mary Yocura, Lewis Hitchler, Wm. Dobson, Sarah Youngst, Mary Newhardt, J. D. Pembleton, Solo- mon Pursell, Joseph Smith, L. Smith, Emma Allen, Levi Ranch, C. Smith and Rachel Alden. The place of meeting at organization was Harvey's Hall on Franklin street, where services were held till the congregation removed to the hall on the corner of Market and Canal streets. A lot has recently been pur- chased on South Main, between Ross and Academy streets, on which it is purposed to erect a house of worship. The pastors of this society have been: Revs. J. Glen, 1870; G. R. Harvey, 1870-72; George Edwards, 1872, 1873; M. D. McDougal, 1873-75; T. S. Labue, 1875, 1876; Wm. Jones, 1876, 1877; I. S. Bradbrook, 1877, 1878; and George Eakins, 1878-80. There is a Sunday-school connected with the church of which Joseph Smith was first and Henry Wood is the present superintendent. The school has 50 scholars and 6 teachers, and a library of 250 volumes. The African Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1842 by Rev. Thomas M. D. Ward, with twelve con- stituent members. The present house of worship was finished and dedicated in September, 1870, having been erected largely by aid extended by white sym- pathizers. The African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church was or- ganized in 1842 by Rev. Thomas Jackson. The house of worship was erected in 1845, and was the first for the use of the colored people in the city. This church is connected with the Genesee Conference. The present membership is 30. EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. St. Stephen's Protestant Episcopal. — The first service of the Episco])al church in Wilkes-Barre was held in the old academy on the public square in 18 14, by Rev. Jackson Kemper, then a missionary in the borough. Rev. Richard Mason followed him before the close of the same year. There was no church organization until 1817, in which year the vestry was organized, September 19th. The date of the charter was October 17th follow- ing. The wardens were Ebenezer Bowman and Henry Clymer. Roswell Wells, Garrick Mallery, Samuel Bow- man, Peleg Trasy, Eleazer Blackman, Jacob A. Dennis, Benjamin Drake, Andrew Beaumont, Lord Butler and Samuel Maffett were the vestrymen. The rite of baptism was first administered in Wilkes- Barre accordmg to the ordinances of the Episcopal church December 8th, 1814. The Episcopal Sunday- school originated in that branch of the pioneer Sunday, school of Wilkes-Barre of which Judge Scott was super- intendent and which began its existence in the fall of i8i8 The present Sunday-school superintendent is Mr. W. W. Lathrope; the number of scholars is 625. St. Stephen's Church was admitted into union with the convention May 2nd, 1821. The first house of worship, a frame building on Frank- lin street, was consecrated by Bishop White, June 14th, 1823. It was torn down and replaced by the present brick edifice, which cost f 11,000 and was consecrated by Bishop Potter April 19th, 1855. The successive rectors since Rev. Richard Mason, and the dates at which they came, have been as follows: Revs. Samuel Phinney, 1817; Manning B. Roach, 1819; Mr. Samuel Bowman, lay reader, 1821; Samuel Sitgreaves, 1823; Enoch Huntington, 1824; James May, 1827; W. J. Clark, 1838; R. B. Claxton, 1840; George D. Miles, 1848; R. H. Williamson; Henry L. Jones (present rector), 1874. The number of families who are regular attendants upon the services of this church is 259; the number of communicants is 261. The offering's for 1878 amounted to $12,314.80. Lewis C. Paine and C. M. Conyngham were the war- dens in 1879. The vestry was composed as follows: W. L. Conyngham, F. J. Leavenworth, A. R. Brundage, W. W. Lathrope, Charles A. Miner, Richard Sharpe, J. Pryor Williamson, David Caird, Ned Johnson and A. M. Brandon. Saint Clement's Episcopal Church, on Hanover street, was duly incorporated April 8th, 1869, the following named persons being the original incorporators: E. W. *4,h <>■ ST. CLEMENT'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH, WILKES-BARRE— BAPTIST CHURCHES. 233 Stiirdevant, Charles Sturdevant, John W. Horton, C. E. Butler, Daniel Harkins, N. M. Horton, B. F. Pfouts, G. F. Pfouts, Miller H. Cooke, Isaac E. Ross, Thomas Quick, John B. Quick, Elijah W. Richards, Thomas Carpenter, C. W. Gates, Moses Drumheller, J. G. Horton and W. Lee, jr. In the early period of the existence of the church oc- casional services were held by Rev. John Long, mission- ary. The first regularly installed rector was Rev. Wil- liam J. Cleveland, who was ordained deacon April i8th, 1872, and entered upon his duties as rector April 21st following. He was succeeded the following year by Rev. George W. Knapp, who remained about four years. Rev. P. Baldy Lightner became rector March 31st, 1878, and remained for nearly a year. The present rector. Rev. Edward M. Pecke, was elected to the rectorship April 23d, 1879, and entered upon his duties immedi- ately. May i8th, 1S69, the lot upon which the church stands, on Hanover street, was given by Mr. Washington Lee, jr. June 5th of the same year the vestry resolved " to pro- ceed forthwith to the building of a stone church on the said lot, according to the plan furnished by the architect, Mr. C. M. Burns, of Philadelphia.'' The corner stone was laid by the Rt. Rev. William Bacon Stevens, D. D., bishop of the diocese, September 13th, 1869. The build- ing was completed at a cost of f [0,000, in June, 1871; and the first service was held in it on the 24th of the same month, the Rev. Leighton Coleman, Mauch Chunk, preaching the sermon. July nth, 187 1, the church was consecrated by Bishop • Stevens, twenty-two clergymen being present.. The Sunday-school numbers about 100 pupils. The superintendent in 1879 was Mr. Lyman E. Phillips. An earnest effort was being made at that time to erect a suitable rectory, on land adjoining the church lot, of- fered for the purpose by Mr. Andrew Lee. B.^PTIST CHURCHES. The Wilkes-Bai-rc and Kingston Church — Baptist ser- vices were held occasionally before there was any church organization of that denomination, in the "Old Ship Zion " on the public square. The Wilkes-Barre and Kingston church, of 33 members, was constituted in 1842 at Forty Fort, and recognized by a council of churches December 7th of that year. This movement was the re- sult of the labors of Rev. P. L. Post, of Montrose, Pa., a missionary of the Pennsylvania State Baptist Convention, and others. The first pastor was Rev. A. C. Hewitt, who was called in 1845, the church then meeting for worship in hired rooms or in the old court-house. In 1846 steps were taken toward the erection of a house of worship. A lot was secured on the south side of Northampton street, upon which was built a church which was opened for service in 1848. In r849 the Wilkes-Barre portion of the membership withdrew from the Kingston branch. The Northampton Street Baptist.— 'VWxs is the name by which the Wilkes-Barre branch was recognized, and the Kingston church ultimately, becoming merged in the Wilkes-Barre and Pittston churches, lost its identity, Mr. Hewitt continued his relation with the Wilkes-Barre church until 1851, when he was succeeded by Rev. John Boyd. The subsequent pastors were Revs. E. M. Alden, who came in 1859; James L. Andrews, 1866; D. E. Bow- en, 1869; Charles A. Fox, 1870; J. D. Griebel, 1871. Mr. Fox's pastorate was rendered thus brief by his death be- fore the close of 1870. By advice of a council of Baptist churches, held No- vember loth, 1873, the church disbanded, and the mem- bers deposited their letters with the Pittston Baptist church, while the church property was transferred i.i trust to the Pennsylvania Baptist General Association until a reorganization could be effected under more favor- able auspices. The Centennial Baptist. — Under appointment by the Pennsylvania Baptist General Association Rev. J. Blanch- ard Hutchinson, of Philadelphia, began to labor at Wilkes-Barre July ist, 1874, and on the i6th of that month organized a mission, and a Bible-school a month later. The congregation increased, the school enlarged, eleven converts were baptized and Mr. Hutchinson was encouraged by such favorable indications, and the Cen- tennial Baptist Church was organized July ist, 1875, with 70 members (10 of whom united by baptism, 16 by ex- pression of their faith and 44 by letter), and recognized by a council of sister churches September 15th. Rev. Mr. Hutchinson was called to the pastorate, and has continued the pastoral relation continuously since. The following officers were elected: William G. Colley, T. S. Parker and C. F. Nauman, deacons; P. S. Bailey, church clerk; J. R. Bogart, treasurer; R. Humphreys, M. V. B. Dann, G. S. Weeks, Isaac Tyler, William Toombs, M. S. Harding and T. M. Mason, trustees. The following is an abstract of the report of the con- dition of the church October ist, 1879: Value of church property (in good repair and free from debt), $15,000; membership, 130; membership of Bible school, 106; number of volumes in library, 200; superintendent, Frank B. Mahoney; church officers: — deacons, William G. Colley, William Wheelock; church clerk, P. H. Bailey; treasurer, William Toombs; trustees, M. S. Harding, George Mason, H. W. Kalisch, F. M. Mason, E. P. Phillips, W. H. Carey, William Wheelock. Welsh Baptist. — For some time prior to organization as a church a few Welsh Baptists had attempted in private dwellings to form the nucleus to a church and a Sunday- school. The names of William McGregor, William Richards and John Haskins were prominent in this formative period. For some months services were held Sunday afternoons in the English Baptist church; but later Phenix Hall was engaged by the Welsh Baptists for church and Sunday-school services. An assistant preacher named John Rees, subsequently ordained to the ministry in Ohio, made himself useful at this juncture. The Sunday-school was promising. The first superin- tendent was Nathaniel Griffiths, deceased. The organiza- tion of the church in the above named hall occurred in the spring of 1867. Of the 27 constituent members but *ih ^H^ ^h 4 234 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. I remains in the church at present. The first deacons were John Haskins and William Richards. Thomas J. Morgans, one of the present deacons, was the first person baptized in the church. Rev. Frederick Evans, D. D.,' then of Hyde Park, took part with others in the organi- zation ceremonies. In July, 1870, Rev.Theophilus Jones, of Mahanoy City, Pa., was called to the pastorate. He remained until September, 1874. The present pastor. Rev. E. Edwards, removed at the call of the church from Webster, Monroe county, N. Y., in November, 1876, and consid- erable progress has been made under his pastorate. In 1872 a lot was presented to the church by, and an- other purchased of, Charles Parrish, Esq., as president of the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company, making a double lot on Harrison street. A commodious but not costly edifice was erected by Robert Thomas, architect, under contract with the authorities of the church, and completed and opened for worship in the spring of 1874. About three-fourths of the indebtedness incurred in the purchase of the lot and erection of the church has al- ready been canceled, and it is confidently hoped that the balance will soon disappear. During a little more than a dozen years of its exist- ence this church has dismissed members to form other churches at Nanticoke, Plymouth, Kingston and Parsons. Although the colonies referred to went out before the commencement of the present pastorate, this period has been marked by so many removals and deaths that, while fifty or more have been added by baptism and otherwise since the fall of 1876, the number of members (nearly 100) in 1879 was hardly a score in excess of the total at that date, owing to the shifting and unreliable condition of Welsh churches in the mining regions. The church has a branch Sunday-school on Rolling Mill hill, which, together with that in the church, numbers about 140 pupils. There are 19 teachers, and the number of vol- umes in the library is 150. CATHOLIC CHURCHES. Si. Mary's. — Father Henry Fitzsimmons, of Carbon- dale, was the first Catholic priest who preached in Wilkes- Barre, where he began to labor as a missionary in 1840, when the Roman Catholic population was only 50 or 60. In 1842 a small frame church was erected on Canal street between Northampton and South streets, service having been formerly held in the house of a Mr. Keating. In 1845 a brick building was begun on the same lot, which was seven years in course of construction. In September, 1870, was begun the present commodious and elegant church on Washington street, of which an engraving ap- pears below, and it was dedicated December i6th, 1872, since which time the old brick church has been occupied by St. Mary's parochial school. Father Fitzsimmons was succeeded, in 1847, by Father Pendergast. The succeeding pastors have been Father Edhoffer, who came in 1848 and was succeeded by Father O'Shaugnessy in the latter part of the same year; •I" "„. t 111 &f I 'J^J S ' r 1" ^Itt-..^^ Father Sharp, 1849; Father Burgess, 1851; Father Fitz- simmons, 1856; and Father Dennis O'Haran, 1869. Father O'Haran is assisted in the now onerous duties of the pastorate by Revs. P. McManus and Francis B. McNally. Under his management the church, the paro- chial residence and St. Mary's Academy have been built and the old church remodeled for school purposes as stated; parishes have been established at Plymouth, Nan- ticoke, Sugar Notch and Plainsville, and churches have been erected in each parish except Plainsville, and there one will be erected at an early date. The membership of St. Mary's Church is about 8,000, and the church property is valued- at $250,000; $200,000 has been col- lected and disbursed by Father O'Haran. The Mallinckrodt Convent, of which a notice appears on page 204 and an engraving herewith, has for a part of its mission the training of teachers for such schools as those connected with the Catholic churches of Wilkes- Barre. 4 i CHURCHES OF WILKES-BARRE. 23s St. Nicholas German Catholic. — The German Catholics of Wilkes-Barre were many years ago visited occasionally by priests from abroad. In 1856 the corner stone was laid for the first German Catholic church edifice, at the corner of South and Washington streets, and the congre- gation was organized under its present name. In 1868 the church was enlarged. There was no regular pas- tor until 1858, when Rev. Peter C. Nagel came. He has sustained the pastoral relation to the congregation con- tinuously to the present time. For several years he was the only German Catholic priest in Luzerne, Wayne and Pike counties. In 1874 an assistant pastor was added, in the person of Rev. William Dassel, now pastor of Mary Magdalen Church, of Honesdale, Pa. The present assistant is Rev. Peter Crist. In 1858 the membership of this church was about 100 families. The membership in 1879 was about 400 families, and a parochial school was connected with the church. OTHER CHURCHES. Bnai Brith Jewish Synagogue. — The Jewish syna- gogue, on Washington street, was organized in October, 1840. The following are the names of the constituent members: Joseph Coons, Martin Long, Marx Long, John Constine, David Maier, M. Rosenbaum, Solomon Kra- mer, Marx Straub, S. Wilzinsky, H. Ansbacher, Joseph Shwabacher, A. Lederer, J. Lowenstein, Isaac Lengfeld, A. Frahlich, M. Silberbach, B. Burgunder, W. Baum, H. Lowenstein, Moritz Straus, Joseph Hamburger, David Mordochar, L. Ullman, David Coons, J. Merzbacher, Leopold Schvvabacher, J. Lengfeld, Solomon Schloss, Louis Ries, L. Ackerman, Simon Long, Abram Strauss, Lehman Rosenbaum, L. Steinhard, Moritz Sulzbacher and Lieb Heimer. These were all then young men. Some of them are now among the well-to-do business men of Wilkes-Barre, advanced in years, but still members of the synagogue. Until the erection of the church, in 1849 they worshiped in a small room on New Year's day and the day of the atonement. The church edifice is a brick building worth about $5,000. The corner stone was laid in 1848 and it was consecrated in August of the following year by Rev. Dr. Leeser of Philadelphia and Rev. Mr. Isaacs, of New York. The successive pastors have been as follows: Revs. Maus, from October, 1848, to August, 1849; M. Strasser, from August, 1849, to August, 185 1; Rev. Isaac Strouse, from August, 1851, to May 13th, 1853; Rev. Herman Rubin, from June 5th, 1853, to the present time. With the congregation is connected a school of about 40 pupils, under the charge of Rev. Herman Rubin. The catechism, the Bible, history, Hebrew reading and Ger- man reading and writing are taught, together with trans- lation of the Hebrew and German languages into Eng- lish. Welsh Congregational.— T\it only Congregational church in Wilkes-Barre is the Welsh Congregational, which was organized in 1869 by a few Congregationalists who emigrated from Wales. As early as 1850 there was a union Wels hchurch, comprising all denominations and worshiping in the Newtown school-house. The church under consideration first worshiped in the school-house near the Empire shaft. In March, 1872, they removed to their own church building on Hillside street. April 1st, 1872, it was dedicated. Rev. E. B. Evans, D. Daniels and others officiating. The church edifice has since been en- larged and over $8,000 of the debt incurred in its erection and subsequent alterations paid off. The total cost was $ro,ooo. The first officers of the church were D. T. Jones, S. R- Williams, Morgan Davies and Lewis Anthony, deacons; and Daniel W. Evans, secretary. The first and only pastor to the present time is Rev. T. C. Edwards. Sep- tember ist, 1879, the member.ship was 175. A large and flourishing Sunday-school is connected with the church. The average attendance is 115. There is a library of 160 volumes. Connected with the Sunday-school is a vigorous band of hope and children's choir, which is un- der such thorough discipline as to be able to render can- tatas and oratorios with a high degree of perfection. Salem Church of the Eiiangclical Association.— lihe re- ligious work now in progress at Wilkes-Barre under the management of the Evangelical Association was begun in 187 1 by the labors of Rev. Andrew Ziegenfuss, then stationed at Mauch Chunk, who preached occasionally during that year in private houses, organizing a class of ten members, named as follows: William Hawk, Christian Leigh, Charles Frederic, Flora Stermer, Snyder, G. Leymarter, Catharine Leymarter, Schleicher, Morris Eisley and Catharine Eisley. In 1872 Wilkes- Barre was made a regular charge and annexed to the Mauch Chunk circuit. In 1873 Wilkes-Barre and Scranton were united as a mission In 1874 Wilkes-Barre became a separate mission. In 1872 meetings were held in a school-house at South Wilkes-Barre. In 1873 a chapel was built on Grove street, which was dedicated November 30th, and a Sab- bath-school organized in it soon afterward. In 1875 the chapel was burned, and services were held in a rented hall at the corner of Douglass and Hazel streets until the completion of the present church, which was dedicated July 2Sth, 1875. The successive pastors since Rev. Andrew Ziegenfuss heve been Revs. D. A. Medler, J. K. Frehr, Anthony Kindt and J. Savitz. The present (1879) membership is 103 and the Sunday-school numbers 124. The value of the church property is $3,500. Zion's Reformed Church Congregation. — This congre- gation was organized January 12th, 1873. Until the year 1877 it bore the name Evangelical Protestant Church, and stood independent of any synodical connection. During that year it secured for itself a charter, ratified by the unanimous vote of the members, placing it under the jurisdiction of the East Susquehanna Classis of the Re- formed Church in the United States. Cause for the organization of this congregation was given by difficulties which had arisen in the St. Paul's *^H' <¥ *':a 236 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Evangelical Lutheran Congregation, with which the Protestant Germans of the city had been principally worshiping for a long time. Feeling ran high in 1872, and parties were formed. Efforts at reconciliation f;.iled. As a consequence the pastor, Rev. John Philip Lichten- bcrg, and many others, organized a new congregation in the basement of the old church and withdrew from the old connection. Public worship was at first held in Landmesser's Hall, and was well attended. The lot on South Washington street now occupied by the congregation was bought for $4,000 from Messrs. Miner, Wadhams & Maffitt. The building was put under contract, and on Sunday, March 29th, 1873, at 3 Pj M., the corner stone was laid. In the autumn following the church was completed and conse- crated. The cost of building and furnishing the edifice was about f8,ooo. The successive pastors, with their terms of service, have been as follows: Revs. John Phihp Lichtenberg, from January 12th, 1873, to August, 1874; John E. Lang, September, 1874, to December, 1875; Rudolph Kunz, January, 1876, to December, 1877; Franklin Klein Le- van, January, 1878, to the present (1880). Rev. Mr. Levan was called both by this congregation and an English Re- formed mission, which had existed a year past in the city. It was intended to unite the two under the char- ter of the older congregation, and to establish public worship both in the German and the English languages; the former in the morning, the latter in the evening. This has been harmoniously done; and the growth of the congregation in membership and influence has since then been rapid. The membership was 280 in 1879; the Sunday-school numbers 150, and its library several hun- dred volumes. German Evangelical Lutheran St. Paul's Congregation. — This congregation was organized in the winter of 1845- 46 by Rev. Herman Eggers, who was sent for that purpose as a missionary to the Wyoming valley by the Evangelical Lutheran ministerium of Pennsylvania. The following are the names of some of the earliest members: John Pfeiffer, Jacob Bertels, Jacob Jacoby, John Bergold, Henry Pleifchman, Jacob Mathias, Jacob Jerg, Christoph Hilbert, Conrad Frey, Jacob Karcher, George Gomer, Justus Reinman, Adam Guth, Adam Andrie. The congregation worshiped for a time in the houses of different members and later, by permission of the county commissioners, in the court-house. At a meeting of the congregation May 24th, 1846, plans and specifica- tions for a house of .worship were submitted for approval and a committee were empowered to purchase a suitable building lot, the property of General William S. Ross, situated on Washington street near South; and soon after- ward the purchase was consummated, at a cost of $140, and a church erected, which cost $776 and was conse- crated October 31st, 1846. The following are the names of the successive pastors who have served the congregation, with the times of ser- vice of each: Revs. Herman Eggers, 1845-48; A. O. Brickman, 1848-50; A. I,achenmaier, 1851, 1852; Joseph A. Reubelt, 1S52; J. Schwalm, 1853, 1854; G. H. Bosse- ler, 1854-58: C. M. Jager, 1858-615 Edward Speidel, 1861, 1862; Christian Oefinger, 1862-68; Karl Schlenker, 1868- 70; J. P. Lichtenberg, 1871, 1872; E. A. Fuenfstueck, 1872-76, and Emanuel Nidecker, 1876 to the present time (1879). During Rev. Christian Oefinger's administration the church was enlarged and subsequently sold, with the lot, and the present church property at the corner of Main and South streets purchased and improved at an expense of about $3,500. Rev. Mr. Oefinger died September 9th, 1868, and was buried from the Presbyterian church two days later, Revs. Haskarl, Zizelman and Brobst officiat- ing. In 1872 the congregation built a parsonage which, with the lot, cost $5,300. The lamented Mr. Oefinger also established a parochial school, which has enjoyed a continuous and prosperous existence. The Sunday- school was organized about 1863. The membership is now (1879) about 125 and there are 350 volumes in the library. Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. John. — As far as can be learned no services of the Lutheran church had been held in the English language in Wilkes-Barre pre- vious to the year 1872. In the autumn of that year the president of the Lutheran ministerium of Pennsylvania, Rev. C. W. Schaeffer, D. D., authorized Rev. F. F. Buer- meyer, of Brooklyn, N. Y., to visit Wilkes-Barre and ascertain what possibility there might be of establishing a congregation of English Lutherans. An English ser- vice was held in the church of the German L-itherans of Wilkes-Barre, and at its close persons expressed their willingness to unite in the formation of a mission church, and November 5th, 1872, the first service of the mission was held in the so-called "long room" of Music Hall. In the afternoon of the same day a Sunday-school, con- sisting of 21 scholars and 5 teachers, was opened. The congregation had been fully organized, and Rev. F. F. Buermeyer, Henry Hirner, Enos Royer, A. Herring, Lewis Brown, W. G. Stout, Henry Fick, John Spare and Martin Frey were appointed its first board of officers; and in the summer of 1873 a lot at the corner of Academy and River streets was purchased, and October loth the corner stone of a house of worship was laid. The plan of the church was drawn by Mr. Gustave Heiner of Philadelphia, and its erection was the handiwork of members of the congregation. August 30th, 1874, the church was formally opened, but was not consecrated, as there was still some debt resting upon it. The president of the ministerium of Pennsylvania, Rev. C. W. Schaef- fer, D. D., of Germantown, and Rev. E. Greenwald, D. D. of Lancaster, Pa., assisted the pastor on that occasion! The lot and building cost $15,000, of which $3,000 yet remam to be paid. The church has 76 communicants. The Sunday-school numbers 150 scholars. 2-'-j/?-eii t.rjitciiu XA' DR. H HAKE S 1^^ MANUFACTORIES OF WILKES-BARRE. 236>^ i ■ ■Jt**."' -I, III ' I ' ".^ * - ^a p ^ 'i'i^^M ..^ ■t ^f fr^ WYOMING VALLEY MANUFACTURING COMPANY'S BUILD- INGS. .The history of the Wyoming Valley Manufacturing Company is given on page 216. The buildings of this corporation, an illustration representing which is here given, are located between Hazle avenue and Main street, the North Branch Canal and Lehigh Valley Railroad be- ing near on the north, and the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad on the south, with a switch or branch connect- ing, by which iron, coal and other heavy material are received, a branch passing directly through the machine shop, enabling the loading, by means of cranes, of heavy machinery on transportation cars. The building in the foreground is a pattern shop, of brick, 75 by 42 feet. Next is the foundry, also of brick, 104 by 54 feet, with leanto of 12 feet. The farthest building shown is the machine shop, a frame structure 165 by 60 feet, with leanto for boilers and engine room. In the rear are the smith shop, 60 by 28 feet, and the boiler shop, 40 by 27 feet, both of which are temporary build- ings and not shown in the engraving. The tools in the machine shop are of modern design, and capable of turning out work of the best character. The narrow-gauge and mine locomotives and hoisting and mine machinery manufactured by this company art- extensively known and widely used. REICHARD & SONS STEAM BREWERY is an outgrowth of an old brewery at the corner of River and Union streets, built by one Ingham. From him it passed into the hands of John Reichard in 1834. At that time and up to 1851 strong beer, ale and porter were the only articles manufactured. In 1850 the old brewery was torn down, and a new one built immediately in the 4-: \ ' . r T Sin* I I" ■ f- : [ E |i r n , p r ■ rear. In 1851 lager beer was first made. It has from that time constantly increased in use, until the manufac- ture of ale, porter, etc., has almost ceased. In 1S70 the present brewery was built, on Water street, near the county prison, in order to give such facilities as a modern brewery demanded. It was furnished with all the appli- ances that belong to a first class establishment. In 1874 John Reichard took into the firm George N. Reichard and Heinrich Stauff, under the name of Reichards & Stauff. This firm lasted until the fall of 1878, when Mr. Stauff retired from the firm. The two remaining part- ners have since carried on the business as Reichard &. Son. The brewery is supplied with all modern ma^ chinery, and patent ice-houses and vaults; uses the Laurel Run water — the purest that can be had — and has a ca- pacity of 25,000 barrels per year. There is a bottling es- tablishment connected with it, where the firm does its own bottling. L i A , I w: .! PRICE & son's planing mill, and sash, door and blind factory, of which an account is given on page 216, is the establishment shown in the above cut. 4 *4^ HISTORY OF T,UZERNE COUNTY. THF. VUI.CAN IRON WORKS consist of a machine shop 75 by 150 feet in size, a foundry 80 by 165 feet, a blacksmith and boiler shop 66 by 130 feet, a two-story pattern storehouse 40 by 50 feet, a pattern shop connected with the foundry for the purpose of making their own patterns, 40 by 80 feet, and a brass foundry 24 feet square. These are all brick buildings, constructed in the most substantial manner. They are built within an area of about eight acres of ground, front- ing 400 feet on Main street, and extending back 634 feet to the Pennsylvania Canal. Tracks and sidings run into the works from the L. V. Railroad, with a turntable so that cars can be directed into any department of the establish- ment. The class of work turned out embraces mining machinery of every description, such as coal breakers, pumps, steam engines, etc.; but their great specialty is the manufacture of steam engines, of which they have made the most noted and powerful ones in use in the coal regions. The Vulcan Iron Works are also making an improved coal breaker, which is in great demand. In this breaker the rolls are solid, and the teeth are cast steel driven into these solid rolls. The teeth are easily replaced at any time, and being tempered wear better than those of an ordinary breaker. Every part is made as strong and durable as possible. The above may be called the regu- lar and staple work of the establishment, which does brass and iron casting of every description promptly to order, and furnishes at the shortest notice machine work of all kinds, large and small, and warrants every piece to give entire satisfaction. The practical part of this compli- cated business is under the immediate charge of the su- perintendent, Mr. E. H. Jones, the son of the original projector and founder of the works. It is to his efficien- cy and thorough knowledge of the business that the com- pany is largely indebted for its continued prosperity. The establishment was kept running during the financial depression known as the panic, while most iron working concerns were idle. ^— '1 'ni->'n,mff3,,V,^ -■ A <■ ' .' r •- r r : I 1 I f. iDiuil K.ll Ml I 'll - r r r- ft ■;■. ' "1 ' lniWKP'Bms''i •Vu if*!' HUNT & liROTHER S HARDWARK STORE. We present herewith a view of the extensive hardware establishment of the firm of Charles P. Hunt & Brother. The senior member of this r7rm, Mr. Charles P. Hunt, began business in 1859 as clerk with Rutter & Reading. In April, 1866, he became junior partner in that house, and in 1869 the firm of Reading & Hunt was formed, and began business at 1 14 South Main street. April ist, 1876, this firm was succeeded by Charles P. Hunt, who in 1879-80 put up the building represented in the accom- panying cut. In April, 1880, he associated with him Mr. Elwood H. Hunt, forming the present firm. THE IIUILDINGS OF THE niCICSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY, whose history is given on page 217, are represented in the engraving here given. Hr *^h ^-i\ GENEALOGICAL RECORD, CITY AND TOWNSHIP OF WI LKES-BARRE. Mhs. Hannah C. Ahuott, formerly Miss Courtriglit, was born in Plains, February 7th, 1798, and married John Abbott, a farmer of that township, who was born in 1800 and died in 1881. Her residence is at the corner of Franklin and Jackson streets. Frederick Ahlborn was born in Bavaria, Germany, February 10th, 1831. He married Mary Stahlman, of his native State, who died in 1867. Later he married Henrietta Teufel, also of Bavaria. He is a member of the firm of Ahlborn & Co., soap manufacturei's and wholesale dealers in cured meats, pork and lard. William H. Alexander is the grandson and only descendant of Cy- prian Hibbard, one of the v*!ry earliest settlers of the Wyoming valley, who was killed in the massacre of July 3d, 1778. He was the only child of John Alexander and Hannah D. Hibbard, and was born November 19th. 180.'), at Carlisle, Cumberland county, Pa. To that place William Alexander came from the north of Ireland at a very early date. He married Maria, daujrhter of Barnet Ulp, Esq., of Wilkes-Barre, and al- wa>'s lived there, being: well known a.s a surveyor. He died May 3nd, 18(>4, and his wife March Ith, lS7i. Of their se\'cn children three sons and two daughters are living, two daughters having died. William Alex- ander was county surveyor, and aide to Governor Pollock with the rank of colonel. H. C. Ames, veterinary surgeon, was born in Havana, Cuba, October 4th, 1837, and married Ellen Bartlett, of Salem, Mass. During the war Mr. Ames served^as surgeon of the 1st Maine cuvalrv one year. Henrv AN.SBACHER (residence, Washington street), formerly a lead- ing jeweler, was born in Teckendorf, Ba^'aria, in October, 1819. He has been twice married— to Barbette Strouse, of Germany, and to Celia Bo- denheimer, of Beierthal, Baden, Germany. His son, S. L. Ansbacber, formerly a jeweler, is in the fancy goods trade at .50 Public Square. BENJAMIN AHMSTHUNfi, druggist. 111 West Market street, was born in England, April 21st, 1844. Mrs. Thomas F. Athertox, formerly Miss Sarah E. Perkins, was born In Wyoming, October 19th, lf33. Mr. Atherton was born December 8th, 181(i, in Kingston, and was engaged in the mercantile business for a num- ber of ycai-s, and was president of the Second National Bank of Wilkes- Barre. He died April 27th, 1870. J. H. AuTEK, of the firm Boss & Auten, carpenters and builders, was born In Northumberland county. Pa., February 9th, 1*40. He married Annie M. Diehl, of Danville, Pa. Mr. Auten 's residence is on South Main street. Benjamin F. Bailey was born in Norwich, Conn., October 14th, 1797. Formerly he was a merchant, tanner and farmer. He was a justice of the peace under commission from governors of the State for West Abington township 18.30-50, and by election 1850-55, and now serves as alderman for the 10th ward of Wilkes-Barre. He married Katharine Stark, of Jacob's Plains. N. F. Baldbs, wholesale liquor merchant, was born in Wadren, Prus- sia, August 23nd, 18.50. P. B. Baldwin, proprietor of the St. Pierre House, North Main street, was born in Jackson township, September 2.5th, 1820. He married Euth W. Bacon, of Nicholson, Wyoming county. Formerly he was a mill- wright and bridge builder. Philu' W. Banker, mason and builder, was born in Bavaria, Ger- many, May 0th, 1833, and married Martha Elizabeth Schmauch, of Hesse, Germany. GiLiiEHT Barnes, carpenter, was born in Stoddardsville, Luzerne county, June 1st, 1820, and married Ruth Ann Eicke, of Wilkes-Barre. NtTHAN Barney, blacksmith at the Vulcan Iron Works, was born in Wilkes-Barre, March 20th, 1837, and married Emeline Hutson, of Lacka- wanna township, Lackawanna county. During the Rebellion he served twenty months in Company F 4th N. Y. heavy artillery. S. M. Barton, post-office clerk, was born in Wilkes-Barre, March 31st, 1823. He was formerly a tanner and currier, and was postmaster of Wilkes-Barre 1860-fit. Anthony Bauman, a native of Germany, is the editor of the VnVis- Frcund; residence on Franklin below Sullivan street. Egbert Baur, publisher of the Dcmncratte WMhtcr, bookbinder and stationer, 104 Main street, was born in Uliii, Kingdom Wurtemburg, Germany, December 25th, 1825, and married Pauline Agnes Hassold, of Craitsheim, Wurtemburg. They came to America in the fall of 1848, and located in Wilkes-Barre June llth,18.51. C. A. Becker, potter and manufacturer of flre-brick and earthenware of every description. Canal street above Northampton, was born in Sa.xony, Germany, May 28th, 1829, and married Sarah Ann Suit, of Berwick. J. C. Bell, principal of the Centennial school, Moyallen street, was born in Vorlc county, March 23d. 1850. His wife was formerly Emma V. Abbott, of Summit Hill, Carbon county. Pa. Mrs. Charles Bennett, formerly Miss Sarah Sly, was born in Oak- land county, Mich. Mr. Bennett, whose death occurred August 6th, 1866, was born in Kingston, and was a well known lawyer. Mrs. Ben- nett's residence is at 225 South Elver street. D. S. Bennett, attorney at law, of the firm of Bennett i- Wadhams, was born in Montoursville, Lycoming county, September 3d, 18.53. Mrs. Ziba Bennett, formerlj' Priscella E. Lee, was born at Nanticokc, November 18th, 1H5G. She married the late Hon. Ziba Bennett, who was born in Weston, Conn., November 10th, 18G0, and died in Wilkes-Barre, November 4th, 1878. Mr. Bennett was for many years a prominent mer- chant; was a member of the State legislature lS3;i-34; in 1843 was asso- ciate judge with Judge Conyngham ; was president of the Wyoming Bank, the Wilkes-Barre Bridge Company and the Hollenback Cemetery Association, and at the time of his death was senior partner in the banking firm of Bennett, Phelps & Co. George B. Bennincj, carpenter at the Hazard Manufacturing Com- pany's factorjs was born in Wilkes-Barre, July 11th, 1837, and married Arabella Gray, of Wilkes-Barre, who died Ueocmber 12th, 1863. His present wife was Harriet Hile, of Wilkes-Barre. E. L. Betterly, M. D., was born in OrangevillD, Columbia county. Pa., April 13th, 1832, and married Matilda Hanuner, of Wilkes-Barre. He served as assistimt army surgeon during the Jlebellion in the 185th New York \'olunteers. Francis Xavieh Blessing, of the firm of Blessing & Son, coffee roasters and dealers in teas, coffee, spices and peanuts (in which branch of trade Mr. Blessing has been for twenty years engaged in Eeading, Pa.), was born in Baden, Germany, August ISth, 1839, and married Eosa Buoher, of Baden. Joseph K. Boojsrt, editor and manager of the Union Leadcv, was born in Huntington township, July 16th, 1845. He served in Captain Meeker's detachment of the U. S. signal corps, and the army of the border in Missouri and Arkansas. Mr. Bogert was elected register of wills and clerk of the orphans' court in 1875. In 1876 he was chairman of the Democratic county contmittee, and a member of the State cen- tral eomniittee in 1877. Mits. A. C. Bowman is the widow of Major Francis L. Bowman, of Wilkes-Barre, who served in the regular army and was killed in Wash- ington Territory by Indians in September, 1850. Mrs. Bowman was formerly Miss Angeline C. Brobst, of New Berlin, Union county. Pa. Her residence is on South Main street. Mrs. Alexander H. Bow.mak, residence on North Main street, was formerly Miss Marie Louise Colin, of Pensacola, Florida. Mr. Bowman, who was a son of Captain Samuel Bowman, graduated at West Point and served in the regular army luitil his death in 1865. Miss M. L. Bowman is a daughter of Isaac Bowman, who came to Wilkes-Barre November 5th, 1793. He was born in New Braintree, Worcester county, Mass., where he lived until twenty-one years of age. April 9th, 1800, Mr. Bowman married Mary Smith of Wethersfleld, Conn. He held several offices, both ci\il and military, serving as brigade inspec- tor of militia for several counties, and was elected sheriff of Luzerne county in 1820, and afterwards served two terms as register of deeds and wills. His death occurred August Ist, 18.51. Samuel W. Boyd was born in Clifton, Carbon county, Pa., October 9th, 1850, and married Miss Elinor E. Simpson, of Pittston. He was formerly a clerk and Is now a dealer in groceries and provisions. Barney P. Boyle, of the firm Mackin &■ Boyle, dealers in dry goods and groceries, was born in Ireland, September 7th, 1849, and married <^. ^^ 236^ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. f Annie Boyle, of Beaver Meadow, Carbon county, Pa. Mr. Boyle was formerly a miner. Dk. W. H. Bradley, mannjing editor of the X)iH;/ Hccnvd nf tlii: Timet, was born In Catawissa, Columbia county, Pa., April 1st, 1841, and married Miss Annie E. Lloyd, of Phoe.iixvlUe, Chester county. Pa. Dr. Bradley seri'ed as private in the 1st Pennsylvania reserve corps, and was wounded and taken prisoner at Kichmond, and was subsequently pro- moted to medical cadet and assistant surgeon in the U. S. army. He was reading- clerk of the Pennsylvania legislature in 1877 and 1878, and is now one of the trustees of the Dansvillo State hospital for the insane. Charles S. Bhav, boss mason for Parrish & Co., was born in England, September 11th, 18.W, and married Jennie Macken, who was born in Wilkes-Barre, August 28r.h, 1851. ■ S. Bristol, formerly a carpenter and joiner, and for many years a prominent hotel man (now proprietor of the Luzerne House), was born in Washington, Dutchess county, N. Y., July 12th, 1813, and married Elizabeth S. Daw, of Sharon, Litchfleld county, Conn. He has served as justice of the peace four years and associate judge five years. G. W. Brown, pattern maker in the employ of the Central llailroad Company of New Jersey, was born at Great Bend, Pa., October 10th, 1833, and married Elmira Lewis, of Kirkwood, Broome county, N. Y. S. L. Brown, bookseller and stationer. No. 3 Public Square, and a member of the firm of S. L. Brown & Co., wholesale dealers in oil, was born in Mount Pleasant, Wayne county. Pa., whore he was formerly en- gaged in tanning sole leather. John P. Bbownscombe, dealer in stone, lime and cement, was born in Dundaff, Susquehanna county, October 13th, 1845, and married Miss Jen- nie E. Price, of Wilkes-Barre. J. M. BuBDiCK, shirt manufacturer, 73 Public S(iuare, was born in Greenfield township, April 13th, 1847, and married Ann Eliza Brown, of Wilkes-Barre. Mr. Burdick worked at the carpenter's trade formerly. Edmund Griffin Butler, attorney, was born in Wilkes-Barre, June 11th, 1845, and married Clara T. Co.x, of New York. Abi S. Butler, whose maiden name was Slouum, was born in Wilkes- Barre, June 33nd, 1808. Her husband. Lord Butler, was a grandson of Colonel Zebulon Butler, and was born in Wilkes-Barre, October 18th, 1806. He was a civil engineer, and was subsequently a prominent coal dealer. Mr. Butler died November 37th, 1883. B. G. Carpenter, a native of Pittston township, was born July 3nd, 1827. He married Miss S. A. Fell, a granddaughter of the late Judge Jesse Fell. Mr. Carpenter Is one of the enterprising hardware and housef urnjshing merchants of Wilkes-Barre. J. B. Caur, cracker and cake baker, and formerly a blacksmith, was born in Danville, Caledonia county, Vt., October 6th, 1831, aud married Mary E. Haines, of Sandwich, Mass. William E. Cabtwell, foreman of the boiler shop of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, formerly foreman at the Kingston shops, was born in Carlisle, England, August 18th, laTJ, and married Harriet Holroyd, of Boston, Mass. He served a year during the late war in Company D 30th Mass. vols. E. H. Chase, collector of internal revenue, and formerly postmaster of Wilkes-Barre and solicitor to the city council, was born in Haverhill, Mass., February 38th, 1835, and married Elizabeth, daughter of Hon. E. Taylor, of Wilkes-Bai-re. Mr. Chase is a lawyer by profession. E. M. Clarke, bookbinder, was born in Northampton, Mass., .January 3d, 1834, and married Julia M. Huhn, of Philadelphia. Mr. Clarke was employed as chief clerk to the internal revenue assessor for the second district of Georgia during Andrew Johnson's administration, and has been United States gauger. Peter Conlan, school teacher, residing on Ha/.le avenue, was born in Cook county. III., April 14th, 1838, and married Mary Brady, a native of Ireland. David C. Connor, stationary engineer, was born in Mauch Chunk, July 37th, 1835. Hia wife was formerly Maggie E. Kinnoy,'of New York. Mr. Connor served three years and four months with the (list Pennsyl- vania \olunteers during the Kebeliion. T. K. Connor, superintendent of the Diamond breaker, was born in Wilkes-Tlarre, March 30th, 1841, and married M. J. Pruner, of Tunkhan- nock. Pa. He served in the 01st Pennsylvania volunteers three years and four months during the Uebellion. Stephen S. Conroy, engineer, was born in "Jersey City, N. J., May 13th, 1851. He married Sarah Mullen, a ndtive of Ireland, Charles F. Cook, photographer,was born in Nevvburg, N. Y., March 6th, 1834, and married Mary E. Dailey, of Wilkes-Barre. He served as brigade P. O. in the 3d brigade, 1st division, 1st army corps of the Army of the Potomac in 1862. Miller H. Cooke, foreman machinist at the Vulcan Iron Works, was born in Northumberland, Pa., January 3nd, 1845, and married Clara Cary, of Selinogrove, Pa. He served about ten months during the Rebellion in the 1st brigade, 1st division, 6th corps, of the Army of the Potomac. James C. Coon, editor and proprietor of the Siwdaij JVcit'.s DeaUr, Wilkes-Barre, Soranton and Pittston, le.u'ned the printer's trade at an early age, and when nineteen years old was the publisher of a paper at Eau Claire, Wis. In 1866 Mr. Coon published a paper in Waterbury, Conn. He was born at Saratoga Springs, Dooember 36th, 1843, and has been married twice. Joseph Coons, formerly dealer in di-y goods, now proprietor of a gentlemen's furnishing store on the west side uf the public square (resi- dence, 337 Franklin street), was born in Bavaiia, Germany, October 3nd, 1817, and married Hannah Kock, of his native State. A. J. COUBSEN, grocer, was born April 36th, 1831, in Warren county, N. J., and married Sarah E. Howell, of the same county. He was pre- tiously engaged in farming. Harry B. Coubtbight, liveryman, formerly in the grocery business, was born in Plainsville, February 19th, 18.57. He married C. Ida Wells, of Wilkes-Barre. J. M, Coubtbight, formerly a farmer, now proprietor of the Court- right House (old White Horse Hotel), was born In Plains township, Sep- tember 13th, 1838. Geobgb Cobonway, agent, was born in Liverpool, England, February 0th, 1842, and was married to Miss Margaret Jones, of West Pittston. Mr. Coronway formerly led a seafaring life. Miss Eliza R. Covell, residence on South Main street, is a daughter of Dr. Edward Covell, a native of Wilkes-Barre, who was one of the early physicians of the place and died at his residence December 28th, 1827. Philip H. Coyne, warden of the Luzerne county prison, was born In Honesdale, Wayne county. Pa-, in 1843, and married Miss Hannah A. Foley, of Dunmore, Lackawanna county. Mr. Coyne was formerly a hotel keeper in Scran ton. Lieutenant Henby Cbandall, first lieutenant of the Wilkes-Barre Fencibles and wholesale tobacconist, was born in Denmark, May 21st, 1844, and married Annie K. Bennett, of Wilkes-Barre. Hon. Alonzo L. Cbessleb, M. D., was born in Carlisle, May 8th, 1828, and was elected to the Legislature in 1874. He married Caroline Heller, of Conj'ngham township. J. M. CBE3.SLEB, M. D., 3;i South River street, was born in Ccinyngham township, January 37th, 1831, and married Miss E. B. Styles, of Hunting- ton township. Rev. Henry M. Cbydenwise, formerly a farmer, was born in Milford, Otsego county, N. Y., September 33d, 1840, and married Sarah W. Hickox, of Bainbridge, N. Y. During and after the Rebellion he served in the army as private, sergeant, 1st lieutenant and captain, from Sep- tember, 1801, to January 38th, 1866. John Dakin, blacksmith, formerly a carpenter, was born January 38d, 1824, in Philadelphia, Pa. He married Emily Myers, of Chenango county, N. Y. During the late war he served nine months in Company B 179th Pennsylvania volimteers. Chables B. Dana was born in Ciroleville, Ohio, August 13th, 1833, and married Ellen W. Learn, of Wilkes-Barre. Mr. Dana is a saddler in the employ of the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company. D. Davidsbubg, jeweler, corner of Main street and the public square, was born in Asohaffenburg, Bavaria, December 25th, 1838, and married Amelia Hossman, of New York. During the Kebeliion Mr. Davidsburg served si.xteen months in the Confederate army. JANSON B. DAyENPORT, dispatcher, was born in Sussex county, N. Y., September 26th, 1842, and married Ida F. Blodgett, of Hanover township. Geoboe W. Da vies, miner, formerly a mariner, was born in Carring- hanshire. South Wales, April 17th, 1849, and married Ann Davies, of Comarthonshire, South Wales. Fbank J. Deemeb, formerly a book-keeper, now assistant general superintendent for the Susquehanna Coal Company, was born in Klnt- nersville, Bucks counts'. Pa., September 5th, 1838. His wife was Miss Annie M. Harris, of Wilmington, Del. Mr. Deemer served as sergeant major of the 133nd Pa. volunteers, and was 1st lieutenant in the 187th Pa. volunteers. Henby H. Derr was born in Nockamixon township, Bucks county. Pa., July 5th, 1839, and married Mary D. Fell, of Wilkes-Barre. Mr Derr, who was formerly engaged in farming, is now in the insurance business. William Dickover, bricklayer and contractor, and brick manufac- turer, was born in Wilkes-Barre, December 15th, 1819, and he marcied Elizabeth J. Olver, of Bethany, Pa. Residence on Ross street •*€g=^ ^h <\ GENEALOGICAL RECORD, WILICES-BARRE. 236 C James Dilley was formerly a boat builder, and is now a carpenter and builder. He was born in Hanover township, June 4th, 1831, and mar- ried Mary Jane Cox, of Wilkes-Barre. Sylvester Dilley, forinerly a butcher and now superintendent of the Empire farm, was born in Hanover township, January 29th, 1823, and married Mary Ann Barkman, of Wilkes-Barre. B. r. DORUANtE, attorney at law, 108 South Franklin street, was born in King5ton,Ausust Uth,184fi,and mairied Miss Huth W. Strong, of Bath, Steuben county, N. Y. I. B. Dow was born in Topshaw, Orange county, Vt., January 4th, 1808. He has taught a private school since 1833. His wife was Miss Han- nah W. Fell, of Wilkes-Barre. William B. Dow, clerk lor Derr Brothers, was born January 11th 1860, and married Mary E. Fell, of PIttston. Mr. Dow's residence is 118 South street. E. F. DOWLIKG, who was formerly a law student, is the principal of the Bowman Hill school ; residence on North River street. He was born in Philadelphia, October 1st, 1857. JOHK T. DOTLE, M. D., was born in Dublin, Ireland, December 9th, 1837. He married Catharine E. Hollenbaok, of Wilkes-Barre. Stephen Drum, dealer in dry goods and groceries, corner of Main and Koss streets, was born November 13th, 1838, in.Butler, and married Eliza Gilmore, of that township. M. Drumhellek, master mechanic, was born at Summit Hill, Carbon county. Pa., July 35th, 1833, and married Rhoda Ann Goss, of Hunting- ton. Mr. Drumheller has been with the Lehigh & Susquehanna Railroad Company under its present and former organization for twenty-three years. Francis Dunsmoke, ot the firm of B. G. Carpenter & Co., carpenters and plumbei'S, and dealers in stoves and tinware, was born in New York, January 31st, 1839, and married Julia Barnes, of Wilkes-Barre. Samuel Dutt, cai-penter and builder, was born in Northampton county. Pa., December 3nd, 1833, and married Elizabeth Fauoboner, of his native country- Rev. Ebenezer Edwards, pastor of the Welsh Baptist Church (for- merly a siurekeeper), was born in Llangollen, North Wales, in March, 1825, and married Miss C. S. Edwards, of Pembroke, South Wales. Rev. Thomas C. Edwards, pastor of the Welsh Congregational churches of Wilkes-Barre and Kingston, and assistant editor of " Y Cen- hawdr," a Welsh monthly, published in the interest of the Congrega- tional church and established by the late Rev. Everett Runsew, N. Y., 1839, is a native of Wales, and was born December Uth, 1848. He married Bessie, youngest daughter of Rev. J. Morgan, of Wales. Mrs. A. H. Bmley, who was formerly Miss Ann N. Blake, was born Mai-ch 19th, 1814, in Jacobstown, Burlington county, N. J., where she manned Anthony H. Bmley, who was born February 22nd, 1831, and was engaged in the banking business In Wikes-Barre, until his death which occuiTcd August 16th, 1808. Mr. Emley served three months dur- ing the Rebellion as colonel of the 8th Pennsylvania volunteers. J. C. Encel, druggist, was born in Wilkes-Barre, March 39th, 1842, and married Jennie A. Evans, of Scranton, Lackawanna county. Pa. Mr. Engel's place of business is at the corner of South Main and Northamp- ton streets. ROBEriT M. Bnnis, horse-collar manufacturer, was born in Philade). phia. Pa., September 11th, 1841 ; served in the United States navy from February, 1862, to June, 1805, and married Miss Emma Ludlow, ot Water- town, N. Y. John Espy, lawyer, residence on North I'ranklin street was born near Wilkes-Barre, September 33nd, 1843. He married a descendant of the Gore family, well known among the pioneers of the Wyoming valley. Alexander Fahnham, lawyer and late district attorney of Luzerne county, was born in Carbondale, Pa., January 13th, 18:64, and married Emily Augusta Dorrance, of Wilkes-Barre. John P. Fell, contractor and painter, was born in Wilkes-Barre, July 10th, 1839. He served through the Rebellion in theVth Pennsylvania Reserves, and the 1st Pennsylvania Rifles, better known as the Buck Tail regiment, which he joined upon his second enlistment, and was a prisoner at Andersonville and Florence for a year. Mr. Fell married Jane McFarlane, of PIttston. Reuben J. Flick, president of the People's Bank, was born in Flicks- ville, Northampton county. Pa. He was formerly in the mercantile business. Frank Flosser, formerly a merchant at the corner of Canal and Jackson streets, and for some time past proprietor of a hotel at No. 39 Public Square, was born in Germany, July 21st, 1843; came to Wilkes- Barre May 20th, 1857; and married Margaretta Turkes, March 10th, 1867. He served in the 9th Pennsylvania cavalry from August 16th, 1861, to August 20th, 1863, and re-enlisted in the 13th United States infantry September 21st, 1862, and served until discharged at Fort Leavenworth, September 21st, 1865. He was city auditor 1873-75. C. D. Foster, a member of the bar of Wilkes-Barre, was born in Dallas, November 33th, 1836, and is the only child of Phineas Nash Foster and Mary Foster. He married Mary J. Hoagland, of Newark, N. J. He was brought up on a farm. He has been a notary public nine years, and a member of the Home Guard. H. C. Fry, who has been a member of the city council fourteen years, and is a well-known mason, builder and contractor, was born in Hunt- ington county. Pa., August 17th, 1827, and married Ellen R. Phillips, of Plains township. Mrs. M. M. Fuller, formerly Maria M. Mills, was born in Litchfield county. Conn., and married Amzi Fuller, of that county. Mr. Fuller, who was a lawyer, died September 26th, 1847. Their only child, Henry Mills Fuller, was born in Wayne county, June 3d, 1820. He adopted his father's profession, and was elected to the Legislature and to Congress two terms. He died in Philadelphia, December 26th, 1859. John Gaqion, locomotive engineer, was born in Ireland, June 11th, 1849, and married Wilfred Campbell, of his native isle. He served three yeai-s in the war of the Rebellion in Company A 7th regiment Con- necticut volunteers. Horatio C. Gates, iron and brass founder and pattern maker (former- ly a railroad conductor), was born in Kingston, October 3nd, 1826, and married Jane A. Hunter, of Kingston. J. C. Geyer, teacher, was born in Bedford county. Pa., in 1841, and married Miss Mattie Price, of Neosho, Mo. Mr. Geyer, while living in Newton county. Mo., was elected superintendent of schools and deputy clerk of the courts of that county. He served as adjutant of the 55th Pennsylvania volunteers. Richard H. Gibbons, M. D., 216 South Washington street, was born in Honesdale, Wayne county, July 23th, 1851, and married Rosa V. Brannon, of that county. Dr. Gibbons, graduated from the medical department of the university of Pennsylvania, in March, 1874. Before he began practising in Wilkes-Barre he was a resident of Plymouth. Matthew Gilliqan was born in Sugarloaf township. Carbon county, April 2nd, 184-3, and married Ellen McDonald, of Ayrshire, Scotland, Mr. Gilligan, who is now engaged in teaching, was formerly an engineer. M. J. Gilligan, stationary engineer, was born September 15th, 1841, at Beaver Meadow, Pa- During the war he served in Company A 8th Pennsylvania volunteers. Mr. Gilligan married Bridget Nealon, a native of Canada. Patrick M. Gilligan, dealer in groceries and provisions, Hazle street, was formerly engaged as a stationary engineer. He was born in County Sligo, Ireland, April 39th, 1845, and married Maria Reap, of Scranton. Jacob Goeltz, foreman, residence Wells street, was born in Ann- weller, December 3d, 1840. He served three months with the 8th Penn- sylvania volunteers, and afterward enlisted in the 13th U. S. infantry, in which he served three years. Mr. Goeltz is a carpenter by trade. His wife was formerly Miss L. Landmesser, of Wilkes-Barre, W. C. Gregory, bookkeeper, was born in Muhlenburg, .Tune 33nd 18-51. He was formerly a clerk. John T. Griffith, county treasurer, was born December 35th, 1834, in Wales, and married Mary Roberts, also of Wales. Mr. Griffith was formerly general superintendeot for the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company. WiiLLiAM Griffiths, carpenter and builder, was born in Aberystwyth, Wales, September .30th, 1845, where he married Mary Morgans. Resi- dence, Canal street, near Market. ZiBA Gruver, a life-long resident of Wilkes-Barre, was born Decem- ber 31st, 1823. He has been employed as teamster for Parrish & Co. for twenty-five years. Mr. Gruver married Eunice Blodgett, of Hanover township. George W. Guthrie, physician and surgeon, was born in Guthrie- ^^lle, Chester county. Pa., January 38th, 1845, and married Sarah Hollen- baok Wright, of Wilkes-Barre. Hon. Harry Hakes, M. D., was born in Delawai'e county, N.Y., June 10th, 1835, and in 1849 was married to Maria E. Dana, of Nanticoke, who died the same year, and he subsequently married Harriet L. Lape, of Nanticoke. Dr. Hakes continued his practice of medicine and surgery thirteen years, but for the last twenty years he has been engaged in the practice of law. He was elected a member ot the Pa. House of Repre- sentatives lor the sessions of 1864 and 1863. Isaac P. Hand, attorney at law, was born in Berwick, Columbia county, April 5th, 1843, and married Mary E. Richardson, of Waverly, M^ 41 'Ht 27,6 D HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Pa. During- 1868 and 1869 Mr. Hand served ns clerk of the common council of Scranton. Garbick M. Haeding, attorney at law, was born in Exeter, July 13th, 1830, and married Maria M. Slosson, who died in 1807, a resident of Kent, Litchfield county. Conn. Mr. Harding served as district attorney of Luzerne county from December 1st, 1838, to December 1st, 1861; and as president judge of the Uth judicial district of Pennsylvania from July 12th, 1870, to January 1st, 1880, when he resigned. Colonel Thomas Chaig Harkness, formerly mine superintendent, now mine contractor, served three months in the 8th Pennsylvania vol- unteers, and enlisting a second time was commissioned captain of Com- pany H 81st Pennsylvania volunteers, and afterward promoted to the colonelcy of the regiment. He served until March, 1861, when he was discharged on account ot wounds received. Mr. Harkness was born September 12th, 1821, in Renfrewshire, Scotland, where he max-ried Agnes Morton. James D. Harris, county commissionei-, was born in New Jersey, Oc- tober 17th, 1840, and married Sarah Hughes, of Drum's, Pa. Mr. Harris, who has been a farmer and United States mail agent, served two years during the late war in the 6th Pennsylvania cavalry, Colonel K. Rush commanding, in the Army of the Potomac. C. A. HARjtisoN, dealer in fancy goods and millinery (formerly for eleven years clerk for Jonas Long, and in 187.5 a member of the firm of Harrison 4- Tuck), was born in Huntington township, November 13th, 1844, and married Henrietta E. Bechee, of liath, Noithampton countj'. Pa. John Haht, engineer, was born in Ireland, Fcbruai-y Uih, 1827, and married Mary McDonald, of Wilkes-Darre. W. B. Harroweh, formerly a lumberman, now a dealer in oils, was born in Williamsport, in 1848, and married Miss Alva F. Titcomb, of Au- gusta, Mo. Jameson Harvey was born in Plymouth, January 1st, 1790, and mar- ried Mai-y Campbell, ot Hanover. Defore retiring from active employ- ment Mr. Harvey was engaged in farming and lumbering. L. T. Harvey, liveryman, residence on Northampton street, was born io Wilkes-Barre, Julj' 7th, 1853. His wife, whose maiden name was Dora Horton, is also a native of the city. Olin p. Harvey, M. D., was born in Kingston, September 28th, 1840, and married Miss S. J. Smith, of Pittston. He graduated at Lafayette College in 1871, receiving the degree ot A. D., and from the medical de- partment of the University of Pennsylvania in 1878. Dr. Harvey was president of the board of control of public schools for the 3d district of the city of Wilkes-narre in 1875-76, and has been a member of the same board from 1875 to the present time. Oscar J. Harvey, attorney at law, was born in Wjlkes-Barre, Sep- tember 2nd, 1862. He received the degree of A. B., at Lafayette College, from which he graduated in 1871. In 1872-73 Mr. Harvey was professor of mathematics and higher English at Wyoming Seminary, Kingston. He was the captain of the Wilkes-Barre Fencibles in 1878. F. J. Helfrich, dealer in general merchandise, 548 South Main street, was born in Bavaria, Germany, April 19th, 1822. His wife was formerly Mary^Harter, ot Reading, Pa. George Heller, agent of the Central Express Company, was born in Allentown. Pa., November 4th, 1849, and married Ella J. Bush, of his native place. William H. Heuuert, wholesale and retail grocer, was born in Car- "bondale, Lackawanna county, and married Miss E\a D. Lynch, of Wilkes-Barre. He served three years during the late war in Company G 77th Pennsylvania volunteers. Thomas Heslop, blacksmith at the Vulcan Iron Works, was born in Hartlepool, England, October 11th, 1338, and married Mary Ann Brown, of York, England. T. S. HiLLARD, merchant, was born in Charleston, S. C., July 10th, 1829, and married Miss E. J. Eeynolds, of Elmira, N. Y. Mr. Hillard was for- merly a civil engineer. H. Baker Hillman, coal operator, was born in Mauch Chunk, Pa., in 1834, and is well known throughout the anthracite coal region. H. C. HiRNEK, marble manufacturer, was born in Germany, April : 5th, 1836, and married Sarah Ann Hawk, of Newport township. H. HoFFHEiMBRis the proprietor of the Kej-stone Clothing House, 120 West Market street. J. W. HOLLEN BACK, real estate agent, was born in Wyaluslng, Brad- ford county, Pa., March )3th, 1827. He married Amelia Beard, of Suf- fern, N. Y. John M. Hollenback is a lifelong resident of Wilkes-Barre, and mar- ried Miss Mary L. Siekmiller, who is also a native of the city. He was a contractor. Mrs. J. W. Horton, whose maiden name was Sarah Gates, was born in Wilkes-Barre, March 21st, 1810, and married John W. Horton, of Wilkes- Bari'e. He was born November22nd, 1814, was employed as station agent and mail contractor, and died April 1st, 1876. Robert Hu.mphbeys, a native of Denbighshire, North Wales, was born June 13th, ia!3, and when four years old came to America with his parents, who settled in Schuylkill countj', Pa. He married Catherine Keai'steter, of Sugar Valley, Center county, and came to Luzerne county as chief engineer of the Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company, becoming a resident of Wilkes-Burre in 1873. Frances S. Hutson, formerly Miss March, was born in Bi-istol, Eng- land, February 8th, 1817, and married James Hutson, of Essex, England, who was born January 5th, 1810; became to America, was engaged in the boot and shoe trade in New York, located in Wilkes-Barre in 1841, and died April 31st, 1875. Charles F. Ingham, M. D., civil and mining engineer, was born in Philadelphia, Aujiust 13th, 1810, and married Lucy Bemet, of Norwich, Conn. Dr. Ingham was formerly engaged in the practice of his profession. W. V. Ingham, oh'il engineer, was born in Wilkcs-liarre, July 21st, 1846, and married Miss Kate Bowman, of that city. Ho has served as street commissioner three years. D C. Jeremy, for thirty yeai's a dealer in dry goods and gi-oceries, was born in Wales, county of Caermarthen, January 13th, 183:1. His wife was formerly Elizabeth Leurs, of Breeonshire, South Waies. Charles H. Johnson, liveryman. Fell street, between Northampton and Simth, was born in Bucks county. Pa., April 20th, 1834, and was for- merly a carpenter and plnning-nnll proprietor. He married Kuth Ann Alkins, of Wilki'S-Barre. David Jonathan, inside superintendent of the Diamond shaft, was born July 10th, 1841, in Brynmawr, South Wales. His wife, who is a native of Merthjr Tydvil, South Wales, was formerly Jtachel Abraham. Jonathan H. Jones, merchant (formerly a miner), was born in Rhan- dermevyn, Caermarthenshire, South Wales, March 22nd, 1840, and mar- ried Mary Evans, also a native of Caermarthenshire. Joseph S. JttNES, machinist, Slicrman street, was born in Camden, Pa. Lewis S. Jones, inside foreman, was boi-n in Cardiganshire, Wales, February 2.3d, 1828, and married Ann Meredith, ot Moulgomeryshire, Wales. Mrs. Richard Jones, formerly Miss Lovina Blatkman,was born in Wilkes-Barre, March 4th, 1811. Her husband, who was the foimder of the Vulcan Iron Works, was a native of AVales. His death occurred January 17th, 1874. Stephen Olin .Tones, who has been city clerk since November 141 h, 1870, was born in Tunkhannock, Wyoming county. Pa., August 19th,' 1843, and was married to Florence Estelle Barnes, of Wilkes-Barre Sep- tember 13th, 1875. N. P. Jordan, hatter, 205 West Market street, was born in Hillsdale, N. Y., November 15th, 1844. His wife was Ellen E. Blake, of Wilkes- Barre. William Kaiser, tinsmith and plumber, and inventor of Kaiser's iron hydrant, patented in 1877, and manufactured by J. M. E\-erhurt, of Scranton, was born in Eiseuberg, Rhine province, Bavaria, January 21.st, 1841, and married Sallie A. Meixell, of Hamilton township, Monroe county. Pa. During the Rebellion he served as musician in Company G 8th Pennsylvania volunteers, and in the 9th Pennsyhania (Lochiel) ea^•- alry band, and as sergeant in Company C 48th Pennsyl\-ania volunteers during the Gettj'sburg campaign. Harry Kaschenhach Is ason of Peter ICnschenbach, furniture dealer 338 Main street. ' W. P. KiRKENDALL, retired lumbei-mau, resides at 123 Welles street He was bora in Dallas township, April Uth, 1843, and married Olive A Patterson, of White Haven. He was elected sheriff of Luzerne county in 1874, and served three yeai-s as a member of the city council. Conrad Klipplb, manufacturer and dealer in boots and shoes, 1.54 South Main street, was born in Frankfort-on-the-Main. Germany and came to Wilkes-Barre in 1840, where he married Mary Ann Hutchins. O. Knecht, teacher, was born in Northampton county. Pa., November 19th, 1844, and married Miss Lizzie Cassed.w of Sugar Notch. Frank D. Koons, proprietor of the Bristol House, was born in Har- \eyville, October 13th, 1864, and married Miss Josephine Chase, daughter ot Joseph Chase, of Scranton. Mr. Koons was formerly u bank teller. Joseph Kraft, merchant tailor, residence 2.52 Washington «treet was born in Geimany, October 31st, 1832. His wife was formerly Miss s'ai-ah Harter, of Wilkes-Barre. George P. KuLP, attorney at law, and editor and publisher of the Luzam Legal Register, was boin in Reamstown, Lancaster county, Pa. Hh + GENEALOGICAL RECORD, WILKES-BARRE. 2365 February Uth, 1839, and married Mary E. Stewart, of Lackawanna. Mr. Kulp has served six years as register of wills of Luzerne county, eleven years as a member of the board of education of Wilkes-Barre, and as U. S. assessor four years. For the past four years he has been a member of the city council. L. B. Landmesseh, attorney at law, was born in Ashley, Mai-ch 6th, 1850. His residence is on South street. Lewis Landmesser, rntired coal operator, was born in Prussia, Ger- many, June 15th, 1833. He married Margaret Grunley, an Enelishwoman, who died in September, 18«1. His present wife was Philipena Matthias, of Germany. Residence 310 South street. Mrs. a. C. Lanino was a daughter of Charles J. Christel, a Bavarian, who settled eai'ly in Salem township. Mr. AugustusC. Laning, for many years and until his death known as one of the leading manufacturers and business men of the county, was a native of Owego, N. Y. He came to Wilkes-Barre many years since and engaged in enterprises elsewhere referred to. Late in life he was the president of the Miners' Savings Bank. He died May 39th, 1875. John Laning was born in Wilkes-Barre, October 7th, 1836. His wife, who was Miss Helen C. Brower, is a native of New Orleans. John S. Law, a son of Archibald Law, was born in Dumfriesshire, Scotland, February 8tb, 1826, and in 1830 came with his parents to Car- bondale, Lackawanna countv. Mr. Law, who was formerly in the mer- cantile business, is the president of the Miners' Savings Bank. His wife was Miss Elizabeth Shafer of Pittston. A, L. Le Grand, machinist, was born in Wilkes-Barre, August 16th, 1856. He is employed in the Empire shops, and resides with his father, Washington Le Grand, on Sheridan street near Northampton. Lewis Le Grand, wagon manufacturer, a native of Providence, K. I., was born January 13th, 1818. He married Ellen Lyons of Plains town- ship. JosiAH Lewis, gi-ocer, public square, residence on North street (for- merly a tanner and currier), was born in Wilkes-Barre, November 18th, 1815, and married Miss Arabella Chahoon, born in Wilkes-Barre, Decem- ber 9th, 1819. Major George R. Lennard, merchant, West Market street, served six years in the IT. S. service. He was first captain of Company A, 52nd Pa. volunteers, which he organized, and was subsequently promoted to the office of major of that regiment. He also served as commissary of musters, and in the pay department at a later date. Mr. Lennard was born in Philadelphia, March 27th, 1827, and married Miss S. M. Sago, of Pleasant Valley, Conn. C. H. Leonard, speculator. South Franklin street, was born in Hones- dale, May 13th, 1841, and married Miss Kate Heichard, of Wilkes-Barre. He was for a number of years superintendent of the Riverside and Forty Fort coal companies. Rev. Franklin Klein Lev an, pastor of the Zion's Reformed Church, was born in Maxatawny, Berks county, Pa., July 15th, 1831. He married Sarah Ann Ermentrout, of Reading, Pa. George A. Lohman, proprietor of a hotel and restaurant, 230 East Market street, was born in Germany, November 17th, 1850, and married Caroline Schimpft, of .Scranton. W. D. LOOMIS, formerly soliciting agent for the Philadelphia & Rend- ing Railroad Compony, and at one time employed in the paymaster's department on the U. S. Sloop Granite in the north Atlantic blockading squadron, was born in Wilkes-Barre, August 18th, 1844, and married F. Eva Stewart, of Old Forge, Lackawanna county. Edward S. Loop, retired, formerly for more than twenty-one years cashier of the Wyoming National Bank, was born in Elmira, N. Y., Feb- ruary llfh, 1823, and married Cornelia B. French, of Plymouth. He was married a second time, to Harriet A. Lander, of Nowburgh, N. Y. Henry Luft (formerly a machinist), grocer and milk dealer, 122 South Franklin street, was born in Germany, January 34th, 1837. He married Miss Eliza Schmalz, a native of Buren, Switzerland. Henry S. Mack was born in Wilkes-Barre, June 30th, 1833, and mar- ried Ann Eliza Barnes, also of Wilkes-Barre. Mr. Mack served nine months as assistant engineer on the U. S. steamer Sassacus during the war of the Rebellion, and is now employed as foreman of the Empire machine shop. Thomas Mackin (formerly an engineer), clerk for Mackin i- Boyle, grocers, was born in Wilkes-Barre, May Uth, 1851. S. McCarragher, attorney at law (r-etired), was born in Princeton, N. J., November 10th, 1818, and married Eliza G. Simpson, of Covington township. He was district attorney under Governor Shonk, and was clerk of the courts from 1849 to 1853. John Mahony was born in Hartford, Conn., December 10th, 1833, and married Miss 0. T. Lafferty, of Bradford county. Pa., April 20th, 1863. He came to Plains township in March, 1861, and to Wilkes-Barre in 1870. He is a wholesale liquor dealer in the 8th ward and a grocer in the Ist. He is serving his fourth term as city councilman. W. H. Marov, merchant, residence 276 Main street, was born in Wilkes- Barre, October 1st, 1836, and married Susan A. Stone, of Salem, Wayne county. Pa. Mrs. Volney L. Maxwell, whose maiden name was Lydia M. Haines, was born in Wilkes-Barre, July 25th, 18l3,^nd resides on South Franklin street. Mr. Maxwell, who was a well known attorney, was born in Montgomery county, N. Y., June 25th, 1804, and died January 4th, 1873. Hugh McCullough, proprietor of a stone quarry, was born in Leb- anon county. Pa., March 4th, 1838, and married Ellen J. Kersler, of Union county. Pa. Henry McDonald, Washington near Market street, was born in Hazleton, July 13th, 1850, and married Miss Jennie Williamson, of Ash- ley. He was previously employed as clerk. William S. McLean, attorney and solicitor for the city since 1874, was born at Summit Hill, Carbon county. Pa., May 37th, 1843, and married Annie S. Roberts, of Philadelphia. George Medway, spring maker at the Lehigh Valley Railroad shops, was born in Doi'setshii-e, England, September 29th, 1837, and married Elizabeth Earsterling, of Devonshire, England. Charles B. Metzger, confectioner, and since January 1st, 1880, chief engineer of the Wilkes-Barre fire department, was born in Lewisburg, Union county. Pa., November 29th, 1839, and married Annie M. Flack, of his native place. Roger Miller, carpenter and builder, 501 South Main street, was born In Wilkes-Barre, December 18th, 1832, and married Lydia McMillan, of Ransom township. He served in the State militia during n part of the late war and afterwards in the Pa. volunteers. Joseph B. Miller was born in Germany, in 1829, and came to America in 1848. He graduated at the Royal Polytechnic school of Bavaria. After arriving at New York he found employment at the Acton mills, at Cohoes Fulls, N. Y. In 1850 he removed to Jersey City and worked as machinist and draughtsman at the Fulton foundry. In October, 1853, he went to Charleston, S. C, and worked as a machinist. In 1855 he came to Wilkes-Barre, and was employed by Richard Jones as machinist and draughtsman. In 1859 he went to Montgomery, Ala. March 26th, 1860, he married Lillian Feuerstein, of Wilkes-Barre. He was master of construction in building iron furnaces and rolling mills in Shelby county, Ala. Returning to Wilkes-Barre in 1863, he was em- ployed asforeman by the Wyoming Valley Manufacturing Company, and in February, 1871, by Mr. Richard Jones as draughtsman of the Vulcan Iron Works. Mr. Miller is the inventor and patentee of the I'eclprocat- ing coal breaker and an improvement in mill grates. William F. Moffett, timer, now foreman in the shop of the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, was born in Carbondale, Lackawanna county, November 25th, 1853, and married Mary E. McCann, of Scranton. J. A. MONTZ, dealer in pictures and picture frames, formerly a dry goods merchant in Hazleton, was born at Lehighton, Carbon county. Pa., September 25th, 1816. I. H. Moore, M. D., was born in Wilkes-Barre, January 31st, 1843, and married Martha J, Lueder, of Hanover township. R. R. Morgan, superintendent of Franklin colliery, was born at Port Deposit, Md., in September, 1831, and married Miss Barnet, of Easton, Pa. Hugh Murray, general contractor, residence on Northampton street, was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, May IBth, 1831, and married Eliza- beth Morton, of Renfrew, Scotland. Charles Nelson carries on the business of a shipping agent. Rev. Dennis O'Haran, residence 315 South Washington street, is pastor of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church. Alexander P. O'Malley, physician and surgeon, was born in West- port, County Mayo, Ireland, October 33nd, 1851. Hon. D. L. O'Neill was born in Port Deposit, Md., December 10th, 1835, and married Annie McDonald, of Wilkes-Barre. He was formerly a teacher, is now a practising attorney, and has represented his district in the State Legislature. *^N= 4. t^^ 2z6F HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Lewis C. Paine, dealer in provisions and oils, was born March 28th, 1827, in Perth Amboy, N. J. His first wife was Mary Campbell Lee, of Nantiooke, and his second Annie Scott Lee. of Chester county. Pa. Mr. Paine was formerly a merchant, was a dealer in coal, in 1850-52 was purser on the California mail steamers, and was at different times president of the Ashley Savings Bank and the Vulcan Iron Works. He is a son of Captain Jedediah Paine, of Truro, Mass., who at the time of his death and for many years previous was a ship- master out of the port of New York, and was a lineal descendant of Thomas Paine, who landed from England at Plymouth, Mass., in 1621. E. H. Painter, attorney, formerly a school teacher, was born in Free- port, Armstrong county. Pa., February 23nd, 1844, and married Margaret Marr Derr, of Lewisburg, Pa. He has served as deputy register of wills for Luzerne county. Thomas C. Parker, watchmaker and designer, was born at Calmore Lodge, St. George's Terrace, Birmingham, England, March 9th, 1848. He was editor of the EDenino Star, a temperance paper, in 1868 and 1869, su- perintendent of the Sunday-school at the Soldiers' Home 1868-72, and has superintended the Hazle street mission school-house since 1876. He was 2nd lieutenant of the Wyoming artillerists 1875-77, and since 1877 has been captain. F. B. Parrish, mining engineer for the Lehigh & Wilkes-Barre Coal Company, was born in New York, November 29th, 1851, and married Miss Ella D. Reets, of Wilkes-Barre. G. H. Parrish, superintendent of- the Lehigh & Wilkes-Barre Coal Company, was born in Wilkes-Barre in 1830, and married Charlotte Brown, of Newark, N. J. John S. Pfouts, M. D. (for four years after the close of the war ex- amining surgeon for pensions), was born in Jersey Shore, Pa , July 13th, 1829, and married Klizabeth Denison Reilay, of Wyoming. Charles Pike, attorney at law, was born in Wyoming county. Pa., February 1st, 1830. John P. Pollock, deputy treasurer of Luzerne county, was born in Corning, N. Y., February eth, 1850. L. Praetorius, teacher of music, was born in New Bavaria, Germany, in 1828. He served as band master and lieutenant in Company D, 9th Pa. cavalry during the latter part of the late war. George N. Reichard, brewer, was born in Wilkes-Barre, October 13th, 1834, and married Grizzy E. Gilchrist, of that city. He served for three months in the 8th Pa. volunteers at the beginning of the late war, later as captain in the 143d Pa. volunteers and was promoted to be lieutenant colonel of that regiment and ser^'ed as such to the close of the war. Mrs. E. B. Reynolds (formerly Miss Elizabeth B. Hancock) was born in Kingston, September 9th, 1824, and married Joshua Fuller Rey- nolds (son of Benjamin Reynolds), pf Plymouth, who was born in April, 1814, and died May 1st, 1874. He was successively a farmer, a merchant and a coal operator. G. M. Reynolds was born in Kingston in July, 1838. Elijah Richards is a son of William and a grandson of David Rich- ards, an early settler from Conneticut. He was born in Wilkes-Barre, December 4th, 1822, and married Phebe Ann Carpenter, daughter of Thomas Carpenter, an immigrantfrom England. Mr. Richards has been successively a farmer, miller and carpenter, and is employed in the repair shops of the Central Railroad of New Jersey. During the Rebellion he served a year and a half in the 9th Pa. cavalry. John Rinehimer, foreman of the machine department of the Vulcan Iron Works, was born in Hanover township December 20th, 1843, where he married Alma Blodgett. George S. Rippabd, formerly with Bennett, Phelps & Co., now cashier with L. C. Paine & Co., was born in Liverpool, England, January 22nd, 1845, and married Mary E. W. Hunt, of Wyoming; whose father, T. P. Hunt, a native of Charlotte Court-house, Va., came to that place from Philadelphia in 1840, was a temperance lecturer until 1861, served as army chaplain during the Rebellion, and resided afterwards in Wilkes- Barre until his death, December 6th, 1876. Sylvester V. Ritteb, formerly a hardware dealer, now a lime mer- chant, residence at the corner of Northam pton and Hancock streets, was bom in Northampton county. Pa., September 3d, 1834, and married Mary Moister, of Wilkes-Barre. Edward Roberts, foreman in the Lehigh Valley Railroad Com- pany's blacksmith shop, was born In Newport, South Wales, in De- cember, 1832, and married Elizabeth Kendrick, of Scranton, Pa. Jeremiah R. Booney, alderman and school teacher, is a native of Ireland. Mrs. William S Ross, whose maiden name was Ruth T. Slooum, was born in Wilkes-Bai-re, December 4th, 1804. Her late husband was born August 11th, 1803, in the house owned and occupied by his widow, and died July Uth, 1868. He was a farmer, and served several years as asso- ciate judge, and held various other offices. Alfred C. Roth, formerly a civil engineer, now ticket agent for the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, was born in Rittersville, Lehigh county. Pa., October 25th, 1840, and married Mary Ann Heiney, who lived near Bethlehem, Pa. John Russell, machinist in the employ of the CJentral Railroad Com- pany of New Jersey, was born in Baltimore, Md., July 28th, 1838, and married Mary Whittaker, of Oldham, England. He served three years during the Rebellion in Company C First Maryland volunteers, and was three times wounded. G. W. RusTAY, engineer on the Lehigh Valley Railroad, was born in Shiokshinny, January 17th, 18.50, and married Eveline Tinsley, of that borough. Mrs. N. Butter, whose maiden name was Ellen Cist, was born in Wilkes-Barre, January 7th, 1813. She married Rev. Robert Dunlap, of Doylestown, Pa., who died in Pittsburgh in 1846. Her present husband, Mr. N. fiutter, is a native of Lancaster county. Pa., and a leading hard- ware dealer of Wilkes-Barre. Residence, River street above Market. Joseph J. Sansom (formerly a printer), of the firm of Sansom & Shaw, fiorists, South Main street, opposite Dana, was born in Bedford, Bedford county, Pa, April 13th, 1844. Rev. E. L. Santee, residence on Brown street, was born in Fairmount township, August 6th, 1848, and was formeily a farmer. He married Georgia Atherton, of Old Forge, Lackawanna county. William Schrage, dealer in cutlery and glassware, residence at the corner of Northampton and Washington streets, was born in Hildesham, Prussia, Germany, September 5th, 1831, and married Hermine Becker, of Winstorf, Prussia. Richard Sharpe, residence at the corner of Ross and West River streets, is a well known business man, now of the Wj'oming Valley Man- ufacturing Company. P. C. Sheridan, bookkeeper, was born in Ireland, in 1849, Byron Shoemaker, shipper of coal, was born in Gilboa, Schoharie county, N. Y., December 31st, 1844, and married Alice M. Morin, of Kingston, Canada. Mrs. Jane Shoemaker, whose maiden name was Harrower (formerly a resident of Lawrenoeville, Tioga county. Pa.), is the widow of Elijah Shoeraalier, deceased, of Kingston, a well remembered farmer at Forty Fort. Douglass Smith was born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 9th, 1840, and married Mary E. Faser, of Wilkes-Barre, where for some yeai-s he has been prominent as a merchant. He was appointed postmaster of Wilkes- Barre May 1st, 1877, and his appointment was confirmed and his commis- sion issued October 1st following. Edward Smith, machinist in the employ of the Lehigh Valley Rail- road Company, residence on North Franklin street, was born in Easton, Pa., February 24th, 1847, and married Mary Maloy, of Easton. Frederick Smith was born in 1839, in Kaiserslaute.rn, Germany, and came to Wilkes-Barre in 1861, where he is now engaged as bookkeeper for the Vulcan Iron Works. He enlisted in Company D 9th Pennsyl- vania cavalry, in April, 1861, and was discharged in September, 1865, a 1st lieutenant; was married in 1806, to Charlotte Rittersbacher. William T. Smyth, general inside foreman of Parrish & Company's mines, and formerly a miner, was born in the south of Ireland, Septem- ber 9th, 1843; was reared in North Wales, and came to Wilkes-Barre in April, 1867. His wife was formerly Miss Mary Rees, of Wilkes-Barre. Thomas Henry Soley, foreman In the paint shops of the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, residence on South Main street, was born in Montgomeryshire, North Wales, December 13th, 1840, and married Mar- garet Jones, of Flintshire, South Wales. George A. St. John, horso shoer, was born in Albany, N. Y-, Novem- ber 17th, 1850, and married Caroline H. Howe, of Wilkes-Barre. During the war he served a year in Company A, 199th Pennsj'lvania volunteers. John W. Stahl, harness manufacturer, was born in Berwick, Colum- bia county, Pa., May 4th, 1836, and married Lucy E. Weber, of Wilkes- ^¥ <¥ *i> <-^ GENEALOGICAL RECORD, WILKES-BARRE. 236 G Barre. He served in the 74th Peansj'lvania volunteers durlns a portion of the late war, Cornelius Stark, liveryman. North Main street, was born in Plains, January 37th, 1812, and married Louisa Wagner, ot that township. Hon. J. B. Stark, formerly a merchant, proprietor of the Wyoming Valley Hotel since March, 1868, was born in Tunkhannock, Wyoming county. Pa., October 23d,4633, and married Miss Frances H. Smith, ot Carbondalo, Lackawanna county. He was sheriff of Luzerne county in 1856, and State Senator in 1863. John H. Stark, druggist, residence on Hazle street, was born in Wilkes-Barre, February 31st, 1819, and married Mary A. Gunton, of Wilkes-Barre. Mahlon S. Stark, druggist, residence on South Main street, was born April 13th, 1854, in White Haven, and married Nora Gross, of Wilkes- Barre. Irving A. Stearns, mining and civil engineer, was born in Gorham, Ontario county, N. Y., September 13th, 1846, and married Chloe W. Shoe- maker, of Wilkes-Bai're. L. E. Stearns, photographer, was born in Ohio, October 3nd, 1846, and married Ida Eldred, of Honesdale, Pa. Addison A. Sterlinq, from 1860 to 1873 a merchant at Sterlingville (MeshoppenI, Wyoming county. Pa., was bornat that place, July 1st, 1843. He is now cashier of the People's Bank. J. H. Struble, jr., M. D., was born in Branchville, Sussex county, N. J., January 34th, 1843, and married M. R. Knight, of Stanhope, Sussex county, N. J. He served more than three years in the late war In Company B, 3nd New York volunteers (Harris light cavalry). Charles Sturdevant, retired merchant, Hanover street, was born at Skinner's Eddy, Wyoming county. Pa., November 13th, 1813, and married Fanny M. Koss, of Pike township, Susquehanna county. Pa. He served three years in the late war in the commissary department of the army of the north. Dunning Sturdevant, bookkeeper, formerly a salesman, was born at Skinner's Eddy, Wyoming county. Pa., February 8th, 1846, and married Anna L. Morgan, of Wilkes-Barre. SiNTON Sturdevant, bookkeeper, residence South Main street, was born at Skinner's Eddy, Wyoming county, Pa., December 30th, 1843, and married Augusta Stillwell of Meshoppen, Wyoming county. Pa. William H. Sturdevant, bookbinder and paper bag manufacturer. East Market street, was born at Golden Hill, Wyoming county, Pa., November 18th, 1849, and man-led M. Angle Smith of Mehoopany, Pa. He was formerly a steamboat pilot. James Sutton, retired merchant. North Franklin street, was born in Exeter township, December 33nd, 1836. TowNEND Bros., liverymen, stables at the rear of the Luzerne house, are natives of Lewisburg, Pa., and have been established in busi- ness in Wilkes-Barre six years. James Tretheway, mine foreman, was born in Cornwall, England, July 14th, 1838, and married Martha Pascoe, of Cornwall. Besidence, Welles street. Henrt C. Tuck is a son of Seth Tuck, a native of England, who was for nearly forty years a druggist of Wilkes-Barre, where he died Novem- ber 17th, 1877. He married Helen Coleman of Wilkes-Barre. William Tuck, druggist, was born in Peterborough, England, April 35th, 1835, and married Catherine E. Dean, of Wilkes-Barre. Mrs. George Turner, formerly Anna Richards, daughter of William Kichards, an old resident of Wilkes-Barre, was born in Wilkes-Barre. Her husband was a son of John Turner, of Plymouth, Pa. They have two sons, George and William, living in Wilkes-Barre. J. B. Valentine, dentist, 103 North Main street, was born in Coates- viUe, Chester county. Pa., October 20th, 1844, and married Anna M. Johnston, of Philadelphia. He served in Company A., 97th Pa. volun- teers, from August 33nd, 1881, to August 23nd, 1864, and graduated from the Pennsylvania Dental College in 1868. Alexander H. Van Horn, formerly a coal operator in Carbon county. Pa., now vice-president of the Wilkes-Barre Savings Bank, and connected with the Wyoming Valley Manufacturing Company, was born in tJnion township, February 33nd, 1833, and married Harriet Abbott, of Summit Hill, Carbon county. Anthony Vogt, watchmaker and jeweler, Northampton street, was bom in Softingen, and married Mary Ursula, of Wikes-Barre. G. H. VooRHis, furniture dealer, formerly a mechanic, was born in Springfleld, Bradford county, Pa., October 16th, 1837, and married Abi- gail C. Springsteen, ot his native place. Mrs. Moses Wadhams, formerly Miss Jennie F. Morse, residence 331 South Franklin street, was born in Wilkes-Barre and married Moses Wadhams, of Plymouth, who died March 28th, 1878. Samuel F. Wadhams, attorney, is a native of Plymouth. Thomas Q. Wagner, who has been for seventeen years employed by the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company, and is superintendent of Stanton breaker. No. 7, was born In Plains township, October 8th, 1835, and married Mary Burk, of Ablngton, Fa. John M. Ward, of the firm of J. M. Ward & Co., grocers, was born in Ireland, May 1st, 1835, and married Miss A. NIeson, ot Wilkes-Barre. He was formerly in the dry goods trade. Dennis Ward, of the firm of J. M. Ward & Co., grocers, formerly in the dry goods trade, was born in Ireland in 1847. James N. Warner, dentist, was born in Huntington township, De- cember 5th, 1845. W. G. Weaver, M. D., one of the directors of the school board, first district of Wilkes-Barre, and principal of the North Wilkes-Barre gram- mar school 1873-76, was born in Kline's Grove, Northumberland county. Pa., March Uth, 18.58. William H. Webb, engineer of the Hollenback air shaft, residence on Sherman street, was born in Wilkes-Barre, October 18th, 1853, and mar- ried Jennie Suit, of Berwick, Columbia county. Pa. Wilson W. Webb, engineer at Diamond shaft No. 1, formerly a cabi- net maker, was born at Lime Ridge, Columbia county, Pa., December 38th, 1833, and married Elizabeth Gruver. Samuel C. Webb, engineer at the Empire shaft, residence on Sherman street, was born in Wilkes-Barre, April 4th, 1847, and married Alice M. Bisher, of Kingston, Par He served two and a half years in the Fifty- third Pa. volunteers during the late war. A. B. Weil, formerly in the clothing, now in the boot and shoe trade. No. 70 Public square, was born in Baden, Germany, February 15th, 1836, and married Miss Lowenstein, of Wilkes-Barre. Joseph G. Weir, inside superintendent at Hollenback breaker, was born in Schuylkill county. Pa., February 19th, 1844, and married Sarah Hughes, of Wilkes-Barre. James P. Weller, civil engineer and surveyor, and county surveyor 1871-74, residence 109 South Main street, was born in Warren county. New Jersey, March 3nd, 1845. S. S. Weller, manufacturer of lumber, residence, Washington street below Market, was born at St. James, Warren county. New Jei-sey, and married Rebecca E. Dean, of Morrison, Illinois. William Wheelock, dealer in flour and feed, formerly a farmer, was born in Eaton township, Wyoming county. Pa., May 15th, 1833, and married Mary Pickett, of Jessup, Susquehanna county. Pa. Aaron Whitaker, proprietor of the Exchange Hotel, public square, {formerly a lumberman) and sheriff of Luzerne county three years beginning 1871, was born in Sussex county, New Jersey, April 3nd, 1824, and married Alice C. Taylor, of White Haven. W. D. White, druggist, was born in Wilkes-Barre, November 12th, 1849, and married Sarah A. Harper, of Hazleton. E. D. Williams, dentist, was born in Elmira, N. Y., November Uth, 1835, and married Elizabeth J. Bittner, of Lock Haven, Pa. During the Rebellion he served one year in the 11th Pa. volunteers. Mrs. Eliza W. Williams, a daughter ot Conrad Teetor, who came from Sussex county, N. J., and settled in the valley in 1803, was born in Wilkes-Barre, March 39th, 1804, and married William C. Williams, an En- glishman. He was a tailor by trade, and died February 8th, 1861. G. M. Williams, formerly inside foreman at the Bellevue mines, Hyde Park, Lackawanna county, appointed mine inspector for the middle dis- trict in 1880 for five years,was born in Breconshire, South Wales, August Uth, 1841, and married Jane Lewis, of Beaver Meadow, Carbon coun- ty, Pa. Morgan B. Williams, coal operator, residence on Northampton street, was born in Caemarthenshire, Wales, September 17th, 1831. T. M. Williams, inspector of mines, was born in South Wales, June 6th, 1835, and married Annie Morgan, ot Minersville, Schuylkill coun- ty, Pa. =^^ 236^ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 4-^ WiiLiAM J. r. Williams, tutcher, was born in Walee, February 2na, 5842 ; Fpent twenty years mining in Australia, and came to Wilkes-Barre in 1873. Mrs. J. Pryor Williamson, wbose maiden name was Mary H. Wood- ward, was born in Plymouth township, March 1st, 1849. J. Pryor Wil- liamson was born December 3d, 1839, and died October 24th, 1879. He served in the army during the Kebellion ; was in the commission business in company with John McNeish, jr., in the Baltimore store, and was afterward connected with the banking interests of Wilkes-Barre until his death. Thomas Williamson, superintendent of the Empire breaker, resi- dence on Northampton street, was born in Ireland, July 1st, 1830, and married Ellen Wallace, of Plymouth. Edward 0. Willetts, machinist in the shops of the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, residence on South street, was born in Wilkes-Barre, February 1st, 1844, and married Anna Price, of Hamilton, Monroe county. J. A. Wood,' alderman, formerly a merchant, was born in Wilkes- Barre, May 19th, 1844, and married Susie M. Gregory, of Muhlenburg. John G. Wood, banker, formerly a merchant, was born in Wilkes- Barre in January, 1838, and married Emma E. Brown, of that place. Stanley Woodward, attorney at law, was born in Wilkes-Barre. Mrs. Woodward was formerly Sallie Richards Butler, of Wilkes-Barre. CHARLES BENNET. Charles Bennet, Esq., was the only son of Mr, John Bennet, of Kings- ton, Pa. He was born February 28th, 1819, and died August ]2th, 1866, aged 48 years. He received a liberal education, and applying himself diligently to the advantages within his reach became a man of fine scholarly attainments and of large and varied scientific knowledge. His father was a man of strong mind, and, though he did not have the educational advantages of his son, he by his continued research and study became one of the best mathematicians of his day. The Bennet family, who emigrated from England, were highly distinguished, some of them belonging to the court party and others to the Puritans. Of the former was Sir Henry Bennet, Earl of Arlington, born of an ancient family in Middlesex and a distinguished statesman in the reign of Charles II. ; he was raised to the peerage by the titles of Baron Arling- ton, Viscount Thetford and Earl of Arlmgton. Of the latter party was John Bennet, brother of Sir Henry, who would not espouse the royal cause, but loving his religious liberty more than he loved his country, emigrated to America that he might enjoy liberty of conscience in the worship of God. From this stock comes the Bennet family of the Wyoming valley, but few male members of which remain. Among them are George Bennet and family, who now reside near Williamsport, Pa.; Andrew Bennet, of Kingston; and Major D. S. Bennett, of Wilkes-Barre. Mr, Charles Bennet aftei completing his education studied law and was admitted to the bar of Luzerne county ; but preferring a life of out-door activity he did not devote himself entirely to the practice of his profes- sion, but turned his knowledge of its principles to good account in every day life. He commenced his career of usefulness at a time of great excitement; coal had been discovered in the valley and was now to be utilized for fuel instead of wood, which had nearly been ex- hausted. The mineral wealth was to be developed. Shafts were to be sunk and breakers built to prepare the new fuel for market. Rail- roads and other ways of transportation must be started in all directions and the dilficulties to be overcome were formidable. Men were required to overcome these difficulties, and such a man was Charles Bennet, who by his pleasant manners and address, bisthorough knowledge of human nature and persuasive powers, enlisted capitalists in the large cities in the enterprise. The right of way for the various railroads was to be secured and the routes ascertained. Mr, Bennet took hold of the work with his characteristic energy and persistence, and success crowned his efforts. The valley, which had been well nigh isolated and inaccessible, was thrown open, property advanced in value, and many in moderate circumstances become suddenly rich. The actors in such scenes had need of well balanced minds, and such was Mr. Bonnet's. Not elated by prosperity nor depressed by adversity, but hopeful in the midst of dis- couragement, he had the faculty of making friends and attaching them to him, and was liberal in his expenditures, generous in his bene- factions an4 abundant in his hospitalities. Mr. Bennet was a true pa- triot, a kind friend and an affectionate father and devoted husband. Mrs. Bennet and his two daughters survive him, and now reside In their pleasant home on River street, Wilkes-Barre, and dispense its hos- pitalities, major d. s. bennet. Major Daniel Strebelgh Bennet was born near Williamsport, Pa., Sept- ember 3d, 1853, and received his education at the high school near by and subsequently at the Pennsylvania State College. He studied law and and aside from his other studies while at college took (he prescribed was admitted to the bar of Luzerne county in 1877, and is now engaged in the practice of his profession in Wilkes-Barre, Major Bennet from early boyhood has always been connected with military organizations ; three years course in military science, thus fitting him well for the position he was to afterward occupy in the railitarj' of the State. After having served some time as captain of a company he was elected by his fellow officers major of the 9th Regiment (Infantry) National Guard of Pennsylvania, which position he now holds. He has a long line of illustrious ancestors dating from early English history, and is of the Puritan stock. Major Bennet holds the respect of all classes, from his upright dealing, and is active In politics, being an earnest worker for the success of the Republican party and fully identified with the best inter- ests of the city. ben.jamin courthight. Benjamin Cortrlght, who.se portrait may be seen elsewhere, was born in Wilkes-Barre township, Luzerne county, Pa„ March 17th, 1789. His father was Hon. Cornelius Courtright, who came to the valley in 1784 and settled on the farm afterward known as the Hancock farm, in Plains. Here the subject of this memoir was born. The Courtright family came from Holland to New Amsterdam among the first emigrants, and long before the Duke of York had conquered it from the Dutch. They found their way across the State of New Jersey to the Delaware river, in the neighborhood of Brodhead's creek, from whence Cornelius Courtright came to the valley, as above stated. At bis new home hesoon made his mark as the representative man of his Imme- diate neighborhood, and subsequently one of the representative men of Luzerne county, which position he held for many years. He was elected to the Legislature in 1820, 1831 and 1833. Luzerne county at that time was hopelessly Democratic, but Mr. Courtright, though a Whig, was never defeated. His colleagues during these years were Andrew Beaumont, Jacob Durmhelier, Benjamin Dorrunce and Jabez Hyde, jr. At Harrls- burg he was the acknowledged peer of the best of them. Benjamin Courtright spent his early life at home on bis father's farm, up to the time of his marriage with Clarissa Williams, a daughter of Thomas Williams, a continental soldier under Washington during the war of the Revolution. Soon after his marriage he purchased a farm about half way between Wilkes-Barre and Pittston, where he com- menced housekeeping, and where he continued to reside until the death of his wife. He then made his residence with his son John Milton in Wilkes-Barre, where he died on the 22nd of January, 1867, aged seventy- eight years. He had five sons and one daughter— William H., Benjamin P„ John Milton, James W., Thomas W, and Mary E,-all of whom are living. John Milton is now the popular proprietor of the Courtright House, in Wilkes- Barre, When he had just attained his majority his education was quite limited, yet no one could fail to recognize his mature judgment as ex- hibited In all his business transactions. He was the president of the Franklin Debating Society during Its existence. After a long and peace- ful life he has passed away. He was a man of exalted nature, and inca- pable of a mean action. He was just in his dealings, truthful in every declaration and faithful to every promise. Purity of conduct was habit- ual to him. It pervaded his whole life in every relation. REUBEN JAY FLICK. The subject of this biographical sketch was born at Flicksville, North- ampton county. Pa., July 10th, 1816, and Is the eldest son of John and Eve B, Flick. His mother's maiden name was Coster. His earlier op- portunities for education were limited. Trudging three miles away to the district school in the winter, and working on the farm during the spring, summer and autumn, his life was a busy but uneventful one until his fifteenth year, when he engaged as clerk in the village store After several years spent in mastering the details of trade as developed m the circumscribed field in which he labored, Mr. Flick went to Easton Pa., and entered the store of J. & M, Butts. His business career at Easton was limited to a year, when he decided to accept a position which he had been offered in the establishment of G. M. Hollenback, at Wilkes- Barre. Much against the wishes of his father he proceeded to Wilkes- Barre April 8th, 1838, with money scarcely sulTicient to i>ny his fare by stage; and, penniless and almost friendless, began in the store of Mr Hollenback those experiences out of which resulted the prompt ener- getic and methodical business habits on which was based an enviable reputation, which served him well in after life. In 1841 Mr. Flick purchased Mr. HoUenbaok's halt interest in a stuck of general merchandise, and began business for himself in partnership with Benjamin R. Phillips, under the firm name of Phillips & Flick In 1842 Mr. Phillips died, and the conduct of the enterprise was left solely to Ml^ Flick. By good management and the counsel and financial aid of Mr. Hollenback, who was his staunch friend, he was enabled to outride the monetary storms of 1842 and 1867. In 1864 he disposed of his entire stock of goods, in order to devote his undivided attention to his powder and oil business, in which he had for some time been engaged, and which, owing to the steady and rapid development of the coalmining Xcf'^i^'" tnqitiij HBJiRll K.SannU Bmlo'i .V * .'' '-e-i^ '•.Q^'siM tl ^ u 'Li ', .r',;,; ii I n:l:-j .1,; N *4^^ 4. GENEALOGICAT, RECORD, WILKES-BARRE. 236/ Interest, had grown to be very extensive. Five years later, feeling; the need of rest, he retired from this business. But his untiring: industry does not permit him to remain lon^ idle. In 1870 he procured a charter for a State banlc. Two years later a capital of $250,000 was subscribed and the People's Bank was opened, with Mr. Flick as president and J. W. HoUenback as vice-president. The rapid and healthy g-rowth of this institution, notwithstanding the fact that It was started in a period of g-eneral financial depression, after the estab- lishment of eleven other local banks, and its recognition as one of the soundest in the city, are sufficient evidence of the ability of its raanas:e- nient. Mr. FJick is larg-ely interested in local manufactures and corpor- ations, and in real estate. He is treasnrev of the Vulcan Iron "Works, and a director of the Wilkes-Barro & Kingston Street Railroad Com- pany, the Wyoming Valley Ice Company and the Wilkes-Barre City Hospital. As a partner of Calvin Parsons, Esq., he is interested in coal lands in Plains township. The leading charitable interests of the city and vicinity have e\'er found in him a friend and benefactor. He has long- been recognized as such by the colored people of Wilkes-Barre. In many ways has he bo- friended them, and aided institutions established for their benefit. For many years lie has been superintendent of a large and pi osperous colored Sunday-school. Mr. Flick was married Jaduary 9th, 1858, to Margaret J. Arnold, an estimable lady, a loving wife and a kind mother. They have a family of five children— Welcome J. L., Warren J., Helen J., Harry L. and Keuben Jay, jr. HENDKICK IIRADLEY WIllGHT. Our biographical notice of this gentleman is mostly taken from a folio volume, issued in 1871, by the New York and Hartford Publishing Com- pany, entitled " Men of Mark" ; prepared by Hon. William C. Robinson, Professor of Law in Yale College and Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, of New Haven, Conn. The sketch comes down to 1871. Not liking the steel plate engraving which accompanied that article we had one prepared by our own artist, which is a much better likeness. " Hendrick Bradley Wright was born at Plymouth, Luzerne countj'. Pa., on the 3-lth day of April, A. D. 1808. llif^ father was of that family of Wrights whose ancestor came to America with William Penn, and settling at Wrightstown, near Burlington, in West Jersey, there exer- cised the office of u. justice of the peace under the royal commission, and at the same time wasan ardent member and supporter of the Society of Friends. His mother, whose maiden name was Hendrick, was descended from one of the earlier Dutch colonists of New York. "The father of Mr. Wright removed from Wrightstown to Plymouth in the year 1795, and soon became one of its most prominent and sub- stantial inhabitants. Ambitious for the welfare of his son ho secured for him the best educational ad^'^antages which the locality afforded, and in due course of time sent him to Dickinson College, where he pursued the usual classical and mathematical studies. Upon leaving college he began the study of law in the office of the late Judge Conyngham, of Wilkes-Barre. Under the wise counsels and kind encouragement of that able jurist and truly admirable man he made rapid progress, and was admitted to the bar in 1831. " During the ten years which followed Mr. Wright devoted himself assiduously to his profession. The bar of Luzerne county at that period contained many of the most learned and eminent counsellors of Penn- sylvania. Among these Mr. Wright soon took a high position, and as an advocate before the jury achieved a marked pre-eminence. Above the middle height, of large frame, of erect and commanding figure, with great power and flexibility of voice and a countenance full of life and expression, he was an orator who arrested and continued to compel at- tention. It was not without reason that his clients believed and said that no jury could resist him. Armed at all points with evidence, drawn from every available source and brought to bear upon tlie minds of the triers in such order and with such strength as to render the cause of an opponent almost hopeless from the outset, he followed these attacks with arguments of such earnestness and energy as rarely failed to com- plete the rout and secure an easy victory. In truth it may be said that in a just cause he never knew defeat. Such success could not otherwise than win for him an extensive reputation and a laborious as well as a lucrative practice. "In the year 1841, partly to satisfy his numerous friends and partly as a respite from professional toil, he accepted a nomination to the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania and was elected. He at once be- CEime prominent as a committeeman and debater and was soon acknowl- edged as one of the leaders of the House. In 1843 he was again elected and appointed chairman of the Committee on Canals and Infernal Im- provements, a subject that had always deeply interested him and to which he now devoted much attention. He also took a position on the Judiciary Committee under his friend Judge Elwell, of the Columbia judicial Tdistrict, for the express purpose of procuring a repeal of the law providing for the imprisonment of poor debtors. In this matter his efforts were untiring and he had at last the satisfaction of seeing ihat barbarous law blotted out of the statute book of his native State. Healso strenuously endeavored to procure the abolition from the prison discipline of Pennsylvania of the system of solitary confinement, a method of punishment which always appeared to him as equally needless and inhuman. But in this effort he was unsuccessful. In 1843 the nom- ination of State senator was offered to him, but preferring the popular branch of the Assembly he declined the honor, and was again elected to the House. Upon the opening of the session he was chosen speaker, a position which he ably filled, and where he acquired a facility in parlia- mentary rules and usages which proved of singular ad^'antagp to him in the yeai's that followed. " In May, 1844, the Democratic national convention met in Baltimore to nominate a candidate for the Presidency. It was a time of great ex- citement growing out of the Texas annexation question. The conven- tion was almost equally divided in sentiment upon the subject, and great fears of serious disseasions were entertained. The friends of an- nexation met in council, and after a long discussion determined that every other consideration must yield to the necessity of appointing to the chairmanship of the con^'cntion some man skilled in parliamentary rules, and of sufficient tact and courage to secure their enforcement in every possible emergency. Mr. Wright, then a delegate at large from Pennsylvania, was at once recognized as the man for the occasion, and, having been first unanlmouslj' elected temporary chairman, discharged his difficult and responsible tiisk with such elficiency during the organi- zation of the convention that he was unanimouslj' chosen its permanent presiding officer. At this convention, whose session lasted nearly a week, and over whose stormy discussions its able chairman held an nn- relaxing and impartial rein, James K. Polk, a Texas-annexation candi- date, was finally nominated. At the close of the convention Mr. Wright bade farewell to the assembled delegates in these words : " Our labor is terminated; our woric is done. In a few hours we leave this arena of the last four days' action, but my voice falters under the thought that we part forever. This body, composed of the most distinguished men of the country, was assembled to discharge as solemn and sacred a trust as that committed to the men wlio met in the hall of the Continental Congress when the great charter of American liberty was born. If the eastern comiueror wept over the millions of human beings passing in review before him— for that in a short time not one of them should be loft— how much more reason have I to weep at the thought that this concentrated monument of mind before me must pass away in the change of all things. But it cannot be. It will be fresh on the page of history when the pyramids of the Nile shall have crum- bled, stone by stone, to atoms. The man may die, but the fruits of his mind are the growth of eternity. " From 1841 to 1853 Mr. Wright was again engrossed in the duties of his profession. In the latter year he was elected to Congress, and served a term with marked ability. He was renominated in 1854, but was defeated by the " Know Nothing" element, of whose narrow and exclusive pol- icy he had always been a most uncompromising foe. He then retired from public life, and determined to devote the remainder of his days to the law. But upon the breaking out of the Tiebellion, in 1861, he was again called from retirement. The nomination to Congress was ten- dered him by both political parties. He accepted, and was of course elected; and amid the perplexities and dangers which surrounded the Federal Congress during the next two years he was distinguished as a consistent and untiring advocate of an undivided Union. Although a lifelong Democrat, and as such wedded by the strongest political ties to the doctrine of State sovereignty, yet in him the citizen ever rose above the politician, and in the hour of national peril he was contented to let political opinions slumber until the great and pressing work of national salvation was accomplished. Thus, while he advocated no measures of subjugation, and regarded interference with domestic institutions for their own sake as unadvisable, he constantly supported the government by his vote and his voice in its every attempt to overthrow the internal enemy. In a speech delivered January 14th, 18ti3, not long after he had followed his eldest and best loved son to a soldier's grave, he thus re- plied to the peace resolutions of Mr. Vallandigham : '* Sir, there is no patriotic man who does not desire peace ; not peace, however, upon dishonorable terms; not peace that would destroy our great government; not peace that would place us in an humble attitude at the feet of traitors; but that peace which will make liberty live, peace that shall maintain and perpetuate the eternal principles of union based upon equality handed down to us by our fathers and sealed with their blood; the peace of Washington and La Fayette, whose images dec- orate the walls of this hou.se; a peace that shall not defame and belie the memory of those illustrious men is the one I would see established in this land. * * * Our army went to the field to suppress rebellion. Its numbers have reached over eight hundred thousand men, larger than !iny army of ancient or modern times. It is still in the field, and its destiny is to preserve entire this Union and protect the flag, and ic has the courage and the power to do it. * * * I bring my remarks to a close. Where I stood when the Rebellion began I stand to-day— on the same platform. My opinions have undergone no change. I de- nounced rebellion at the threshold; I denounce it now. I have no terms to make with the enemy of my country which will destroy the Union ; I am satisfied that no other can be obtained. Time will determine whether my position is right or not, and I calmly abide it. The war, sir, has cost me its trials and tribulations, and I can truly close my remarks with a quotation from an ancient philosopher, uttered ov.er the dead body of his son slain in battle :— " I should have blushed if Cato's house had stood Secure and flourished in a civil war.' " After the close of the XXXVIIth Congress Mr. Wright retired from politics and from business, and has since lived in the enjoyment of the competency and honors which the labors of his earlier years acquired. He has not, however, been idle, but has occupied his working hours in the preparation of a " Practical 'Treatise 'upon Labor," in which he has f- *i^- 236/ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. embodied the tboujrhts nnd observation of forty active years, and which he has intended as a last legacy to that portion of the American people in whom he has felt most interest, and for whom he has most diligently toiled. " And, although of private character the present is no place to speak, yet one thing may be said which entitles him of whom it is uttered to be held in everlasting remembrance- that throughout his entire profes- sional and public life Hendrick B. Wright has been emphatically the poor man's friend ; the advocate and supporter of the laborer against the encroachments of capital and of political ostracism ; liberal to him in word and in gift, true to him in promise and fulfillment, and that ho still lives and works for the working man of the nation and his native commonwealth. " W. C. E." Since the foregoing notice Col. Wright has published his " Historical Sketches of Plymouth," his native town ; a work gotten up with taste, containing thirty beautiful illustrations— likenesses of the leading men of the early settlement of the town, some of the old landmarks, private residences, public buildings, coal mines, etc., etc. In tracing the pages of this book, in which the author gives a vivid description of the plain and frugal habits and simple customs of a primitive people, the readiT will discover the deep and indelible impression which they made upoji the mind of the author. A generous and heiuttelt ollerlng to a race of men all of whom he personally Imew, but who now. with an e.vceptitiu of one or two, have left the stage of human action. His work was tlic design of a memorial for these pioneers. The author of this history makes no etfort to assume an elevated plane of rhetoric or finished dic- tion : but treats his subject in simple and plain langu-ige ; but which, in his narrative of events showing the perils and exposures of frontier life, touches the heart and enkindles sympathetic emotion. In 1876 Mr. Wi-ight was nominated for Congress in the Luzerne dis- trict, while absent from home and without his solicitiition or even knowledge. He was returned as a member of the XLVth Congress. He was re-elected in 1878 to the XLVIth Congress : his term will expire on the 4th of March, 1881, and will close his political lite, after a service of thirteen years in the State and National Legislatures. In his refusal of further political honors he is persistent, and will listen to no induce- ments which will break his resolve. Mr. V\'right was during bis long period of time in Congress what may be called a working man, in committee and in the House ever on time, and ready to sliai'e in the public labors. During the last four years of his public service in Con- gress, his untiring aim and obiect have been to aid, by legislation, the working men of the country ; to accomplish which he introduced a supplement to the homestead law (in the passage of which ho took an important part in 18«3I, by which a small loan by the government should be made to poor and deserving men, repayable in ten years, at a small rate of interest, secured on the premises by mortgage, to enable men of small means to enter and settle upon the public land, which to them is otherwise unavailable. In the accomplishment of this great and philan- thropic measure he failed ; but this abated none of his zeul or indomit- able perseverance. His bill was defeated in the XLVth Congress, but he renewed it in the XLVIth and it was defeated in committee of the whole House by three majority only. The committee reported it to the House with a negative recommendation. It is still therefore pending. Mr. Wright was more successful in his support of the eight-hour law. This bill was passed at the last session of Congress by more than a two- third vote. It provides that all men employed in thcgovcrnment shops shall not be required to labor more than eight hours for the day's work. His speeches on the homestead bill and the eight-hour bill should be carefully read by every laboring man in the land. They show a progress much in advance of the age— noble efforts in a great cause. The support of these two great measures has been the ihiiljj work of Mr. Wright for the last four yeai'S, and the advancement of the social condition of the laboring classes has occupied his attention for the last twenty years. His " Practical Treatise on Labor " was published some ten years since. It is an index to the man's heart. Itshows clearly that his great object of life is not personal, but that he is in sympathy with his less fortunate fellow creatures. These ideas he has made a manly effort to impress on the law-making power of the country. Will he live to see their accom- plishment? But it is not in a legislative capacity only that we are to deal with the subject of this notice. Mr. Wright has shown by his acts in the whole course of his life that charity and beue\'olonce were the ruling featui'es of his heart. The distribution of his holiday loaves to the city poor— a practice he has continued for years and which he informs us it is his purpose to continue while he lives ; his acts of generosity to the poor the year round ; his aid to people In debt and contributions to pub- lic charities and various subscriptions for public purposes, all indicate the existence in him of that priceless feature of exalted manhood and the true ornament of human life. Colonel Wright is now in his seventy-third year; unbent with the weight of more than "threescore and ten," and in the enjoyment of good health. With his retirement from political life he also retires from business pursuits. He is now engaged in the erection of a place of re- treat at Harvey's lake, some twelve miles north of Wilkes-Barre, where he designs to spend most of his time for the remainder of his days. He and the Hon. Charles T. Barnum, who resides on the western shore, purchased the lake of the State some years ago and have stocked it with tine fish. It is some ten miles in circumference and a delightful moun- tain home a thousand feet above the sea. It is to be hoped that Mr. Wright in his new home and with leisure on hand will continue to chronicle and put in print for the public those unwritten matters con- nected with Wyoming's history which would afford so much pleasure to the residents of the valley. His knowledge of men and public affairs, gathered up during a long and eventful public life, might, too, be a source of employment to him and pleasure to others. An experience of about three quarters of a century, by an observing man, must necessar- ily have accumulated a pretty good stock of local general history. But our limits prevent us from a more extended notice of this surviving veteran of past days. The steel eng-ravmg which accompanies our short biographical sketch is an excellent likeness and will be familiar to most of the residents of the valley. There arc few of them who have not seen Colonel Wright. His name is n household word with the poor and the lowly. His voice, too, upon the hustings, and in the halls of justice, still echoes upon their eai'S. MAJOR GBNBBAL K. W. STUBDEVANT. Samuel Sturdovant, father of General E. W. Sturdevant, was born at Danbury, Conn., September Kith, 1773, and died March 4th, 1847. His wife, Eliwlbotli Skinner, was born at Hebron, Conn., July 16th, 1773, and died August 3)th, Wii. His father, Kev. Samuel Sturdevant, took an active part in the struggle for American indeiHMidcnce, entering the army as an orderly sergeant and being promoted to a uapt;iincy, scr^-ing uninterruptedly from the battle of Lexington to the surrender at Yorktown, when he soon emigrated to Braintrim, where, at the place known as Black Walnut Bottom, he bought a large farm and resided there until his death, in 18:23. Bbenczcr Skinner, General Sturdevant's grandfather on his mother's side, had located in 1776 at the mouth of Tuscarora creek, only two miles distant, on l.uids adjoining the after purchase of the Kev. Mr. Sturdevant. At the advance of the Indians down the valley in 1778 he, with his family, went by canoe down the river to Forty Fort, that being then and for m.iny yea,rs afterward the only means of travel up and down tlieSasquehanu;). One of his sons, John N. Skinner, was in the battle of Wyoming and the old nmn was one of those in charge of the tort as protectors of the women and children. General Sturdevant's inother.then but seven years ol d,was with her mother in the tort and after tlie mi53.icre went on foot, with the women and children spared by the Indians, through the wilderness called the " Shades of Death," to the Delaware river and thence to Connecticut. General Ebenezer Warren Sturdevant was born June llth, 1806, in Braintrim, Luzerne (now Wyoming) county, Pa., on the property there originally owned by his maternal grandfather, then by his father, and which he now owns. He remained at home until the ngc of Hftoon, li\-- ing the uneventful but careless life of a boy on a country farm. At that age he entered the old Wilkes-Barre Academy, then under charge of Doctor Orton as principle, and remained under his tuition a year, mak- ing such advancement educationally that he was fitted to continue his studies at Hamilton Academy, at Hamilton, Madison county, N. Y. Re- maining at that institution two years, he entered the sophomore class at Hamilton College, under the presidency of Doctor Davis. A year later a large number of the class, including General Sturde\'ant, left Hamilton to enter at various other colleges. General Sturdevant en- tering the junior class at Union College, under the presidency of Doctor Nott. Here he took all the degrees conferred at the institution, was the junior and senior orator, and graduated in June, 1830, receiving all the honors in a class of 106, the largest that had nt that time gradu- ated from any American educational institution. In the July following his graduation General Sturdovant entered the law office of Hon. Garrick Mallery, at Wilkes-Barre, and remained two years as a co-student with the late Hon. G. W. Woodward, justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. He was duly admitted to the bar, and when he oune into practice was appointed prosecuting attorney of Lu- zerne county by Governor Wolf, and one of the aides of the governor, with the rank of colonel. He was a delegate to the constitutional con- vention of 1838-30, and in 1842 was elected brigadier general of the brigade comprising the northeastern counties of Pennsylvania, and subsequent- ly promoted to the office of major general of the division to which his brigade was attached. He held the two offices consecutively during a period of seventeen years, and is known as the oldest major general in the State. General-Sturdevant was in the active practice of his profession, suc- cessfully, up to 1857. In 1840 he removed to his present residence, then just completed, on Firwood farm, which he had purchased four years before, from the residence since owned by Hon. L. D. Shoemaker, which General Sturdevant had erected in 1834 and sold in 1838. During the years of his active business and professional life General Sturdevant accumulated a large amount of real estate, enhanced in value by deposits of coal, from the royalties upon which he is in receipt of a handsome income. Since his retirement from an active practice he has been chiefly engaged in the management of his real estate interests, but for- *^^= =4*- ^^J—'L-^y^-^ '^-^-^^ 'L^ ^ b-'tVj^^^^^^'^^t^c^-^yi G-ENKRAIj E W STURDEVl^TT, ' ' ''V '//''''" 1^ ''! :^"w li r.'nvJL>, MRS [>E1TEEAL STTJF^EVAffT. Z-nj'^ Dy K3MU& i>.- i) JoreZay Si VX. «^H- 4< GENEALOGICAL RECORD, WILKES-BARRE. 236^ 4^ inerly he was identified with many o( the most important enterprises of the State and section, acting as director of one of the branches of the Eeading Railroad, for which he procured a charter, and taking an active part in securing legislation authorizing the construction of the North Branch Canal. Ho has been for thirty years a manager of the Wilkes- Barre Bridge Company, and was a director of the old Wyoming Bank, and for years he was president of the Wilkes-Barre borough council. At present he is a director of the First National Bank of Wilkes-Barre, and has long been a member of the city council and chairman of the committee on law and ordinances. Dui-ing a long term of years General Sturdcvant has been in some manner connected with most of the important business enterprises looking to the development and improvement of the vaiious interests of the Wyoming and Lackawanna valleys. His connection with the now gigantic iron interest of the Lackawanna in the days of its infancy is peculiarly interesting. In 1839 he was requested by the president of the Bank of North America. Philadelphia, as the agent and attorney of the bank, to visit a body of the land owned by the bank in the old township of Providence, Luzerne county, with a view to looking after iron ore reported to have been discovered on one of the bank tracts by a well known hunter of that vicinity. On a pleasant morning he set out in bis buggy, carrying with him a saddle, a pair of saddle bags and a hatchet in preparation for a journey through the woods if it should be necessa- ry. Passing through the locality of Soranton, then called Slocum Hol- low, where were then the old red Slocum house, the old forge on Roaring brook, and in the vicinity the residence of Elisha Hitchcock, he found about two miles beyond the man he sought, to whom he agreed to pay $50 in consideration of his showing him the ore, provided that a test should prove it to be valuable. After unharnessing liis horse, which he accoutered in saddle and saddle-bags, the general mounted and followed the old hunter (who carried his ritle with an eye to the possibility that they might arouse a deer from his mid-day nap) about five miles, over a foot path pretly well obstructed by fallen trees, to Stafford Meadow brook, near which, in a small ravine, on a tract in the warrantee name of Daniel Van Campen, and owned by the Bank of North America, they found outcroppings of iron ore on both sides of the gully. Taking as much of the ore as the general could carry in his saddle-bags, the two returned to the hunter's house, and hastily harnessing the horse the general drove back to Wilkes-Barre by moonlight. The next day the ore was securely boxed and sent to the president of the bank by stage. Soon General Sturdc\'ant received a letter from the pi'csidcnt enclosing a statement of the very favorable analysis of the ore by Professor Booth. The general paid the promised $50 to his friend the hunter, and the Scrantons a little later bought the Daniel Van Campen tract, with other lands adjoining, and took initial steps lending to the wonderful development of the intei'ests of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Com- pany, and through them of the thri^-ing, energetic and rapidly growing city of Scranton. General Sturdevant, who has been a life-long Democrat, was for a long time quite prominent in public affairs ; but during the last few years he has not been active politically. Though often tendered the candidacy for high political honors, he has never willingly consented to the use of his name except as a nominee for delegate to the State con- vention to amend the constitution of Pennsylvania, of which he was elected a member. He was the youngest delegate In that body. For many 3'ears General Sturdevant has been a member of the Prot- estant Episcopal church. For more than thirty years he was a vestrj'- man of St. Stephen's church, Wilkes-Barre. He was a liberal contribu- tor towards the establishment of St. Clement's parish, in which Firwood is located, and the erection of its house of worship, and since the oi'gan- ization of the parish he has been senior warden of this church. General Sturdevant was married May 1st, 1833, to Martha Dwight Denison, of Wilkes-Barre, daughter of Austin Denison, of New Haven, and Martha Dwight, and a niece of President Dwight, of Yale College. On her mother's side she was of the seventh generation of descendants of Colonel Timothy Dwight, grandson of John Dwight, of Dedham, Mass., the common ancestor it is believed of all who legitimately bear his family name on this continent. She was a lady of very superior ed- ucation and fine accomplishments, as honest a Christian woman as ever lived, proud of the old Dwight name and cherishing through life every incident of the history of the family, with which she was thoroughly ac- quainted. She died October 30th, 1843. Only one child, Mary Elizabeth Sturdevant, who was born April 10th, 1833, and died .Tune 18th, 1835, was horn of this marriage. May 13th, 1847, General Sturdevant married Lucy, daughter of .Judge Charles Huston, a judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, who bore him four children-Charles Huston, Mary Elizabeth, Edward Warren and Lucy Huston-and died May 3d, 1879, at the residence of her daughter, Mrs. J. N. Stone, jr., in Philadelphia, sur- rounded by her husband and children, in the fullest contidence of faith andholyhope, in the sixtieth year of her age. For more than thirty years Mrs. Sturdevant had lived in Wilkes-Barre amid an increasing circle of appreciative and loving friends. A devoted wife and mother, a faithful and exemplary church member, a constant worshiper in her parish church, a most efHcient teacher in the Sunday-school, and a true friend to all, to whom her friendship was helpful and full of comfort, her loss to the whole community, and especially to the parish of St. Clement's church, was so great as to seem irreparable. She was born in Bellefonte, Center county. Pa., and was trained under the pastoral care of Rev. George W. Natt. She left, besides her husband and her two sons and two daughters, a countless number of mourning friends, to whom the bereavement of her loss was greater than can be told. General Sturdevant, still in active business life and identified with the leading interests of Wilkes-Barre and vicinity, an efficient and prominent member of the city council, sound In health and thoroughly alive to the important events of the time, is passing the latter years of his life at Firwood farm, the care of which is his daily occupation and pleasure. THE WADHAMS FAMILY. The family of Wadham had its origin in Devonshire, England, and derived its name from the place of its residence,- Wadham, in the parish of Knowston, near the incorporate town of Molton. Lyson, in his Magna Britannica, says: " The manor of Wadham, at the time of the Domesday survey, in 1080, belonged to an old Saxon by the name of Ulf, who held it in demesne since the time of Edward the Confessor, A. D. 1043. It is not improbable that he, Ulf, might be the ancestor of Wad- ham of whom this was the original residence." William de Wadham was freeholder of this land in the time of King Edward I., A. D. 1373, and both East and West Wadham descended in this name and posterity until the death of Nicholas Wadham, founder of Wadham College, Ox- ford, when it passed to his sisters' families, and is still in possession of their descendants. Merrifield, in Somersetshire, came into possession of Sir John Wadham, knight, by his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Stephen Popham, and was inherited by their son. Sir John Wad- ham, whose descendants were called " Wadham of Merrifield." The principal places of residence of this family in England were in the counties of Devon, Somerset and Dorset; and from Somersetshire came John Wadham to America and settled in Wethersfleld, Conn., where he was a farmer, as may be seen from deeds of p urchasp of lands and other records of the town as early as 1650. He died (in AVethersfleld in 1676. His widow, Susannah, married as second wife a Bushnell, of Saybrook (probably William, sen.), and died in 1683. John Wadham (or Wadhams as the name is now spelled), born July 8th, 1635, only child of John and Susannah Wadham, also lived in Weth- ersfleld. His children by his first wife, Hannah, were Hannah, Susannah, John, Sarah, Daniel, Caleb and Noah. The last mentioned, Noah Wad- ham, born Auffust 10th, 1095, son of John and Hannah Wadhams, married Anne Hurlbut, and removed from Wethersfleld to MIddletown about 1736; thence, about 1773, to Goshen, Conn., where he died in 1783, aged eighty-eight years. The children of Noah and Anne Wadhams were Noah (died early), Hannah, Elizabeth, Noah, Solomon (died early), Jonathan, John, Deliverance, Mary, Anne, Solomon, Nicholas and Seth. John Marsh Wadhams, grandson of the above named John, residing upon the paternal lands in Goshen, is a man of position in the society and town, of large business abilities and financial success ; at present a member of the House of Representatives, which position he has filled on two former occasions ; also the position of Senator of Connecticut. His son, John H. Wadhams, has also been a member of the Legislature of his State. Albert Wadhams, a descendant of Solomon, is an attorney-at-law, and of prominence in his town, having been a contributor of many valuable articles for the press. Rt. Rev. Edward Prindle Wadhams, a descendant of Jonathan, is now bishop in the Roman Catholic church at Ogdensburg, N. T. Noah Wadhams, son of Noah and Anne Wadhams, was born May 17th, 1736, and educated at Princeton College, where he graduated. His diploma, dated September 35th, 1754, is now in the custody of his great grandson. It bears the name of Aaron Burr, father of the celebrated man of Revolutionary fame, as president of the college. "The doc- ument is the surviving witness of three generations past and gone, a testament also of the times of George III. and when the present State of New Jersey was one of the colonies of his realm." Mr. Wadhams was ordained minister of the New Preston society of the Congregational church in the town of Milford, Conn., at its organization, in 1757, and continued his pastoral rehitions to that society for eleven j'ears. At a meeting of the Susquehanna Company in Connecticut in 1768 "the standing committee was directed to procure a pastor to accompany the second colony, called the ' flrst forty,' for carrying on religious wor- ship and services according to the best of his ability in a wilderness coun- try." Rev. Noah Wadhams was chosen for the purpose, and he accepted. He had married Elizabeth Ingersol,of New Haven,Nuvember 8th,1758, and they had a family of small children. " Leaving his family at their home in Litchfleld he embarked with his flock in 1709, amid the perils which lay before them on the distant shores of the Susquehanna, in » wilder- ness made more forbidding because of the savage people who were in possession of the valley. He continued his pastoral relations, inter- rupted by an occasional visit to his family in Litchfield, until the year succeeding the Wyoming massacre, when he removed them to Ply- mouth." Soon after this his theological views underwent a change, and " he became a Methodist, and faithfully pursued his religious duties as a 4^ teflX-1 *^?='= 4 236 z HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. local preacher of that denomination, holding meetings in Plymouth and other parts of the valley more or less frequently during the remainder ot his life." He married as his second wife Diana Boss, daughter of Jer- emiah Ross and sister of General William S. lloss, of Wilkes-Barre, by ■whom he had no children, and who died in October, 1804. He died May 22nd, 1806. " He was a man of very considerable talents, having received & liberal education, as already stated, and as a mark of merit he had also conferred upon him by Yale College, in 1764, the degree of Master of Arts." Four sons, Ingersol, Calvin, Noah and Moses, and one daughter, Anne, were the children of Rev. Noah Wadhams by his first wife. " They were too young to have taken any part in the early and angry strifes of the valley. Their names were, however, all upon the assessment list of the township returned in 1796." Ingersol was educated in Litchfield, Conn. He married a Miss Brins- made, ot New Milford, Conn. He died in 184.5, aged eighty-four years, leaving two daughters-a Mrs. Myers, whose descendants are in the western States, and Mrs. Amy Stone, now living in New Milford, Conn. Moses Wadhams died of yellow fever in 1804, aged thirty years. His business abilities are evidenced in the desirable financial condition in which he left a widow and two children at the time of his death. He was a leading member of the Methodist Episcopal church, occupying the position of steward and class leadei-. His children were Phebe, who died in 1807, aged sixty-six years, and Lydia, now living, the widow of Samuel French. The widow of Moses Wadhams, born Ellen Hendricks, married Joseph Wright, of Plymouth. She died in 1871, aged ninety-six .years. Anne Wadhams, born in 1703, married a Mr. Hatch, of Connecticut. Her descendants are living in Farmiugton and New Milford, Conn. Calvin and Noah were for many years prominent business men of Plymouth. The latter, the younger of the two, was one of the early justices ol the peace of the county. He was a graduate of the famous law school of early days at Litchfield, Conn., under the management of Judge Reeve. He was admitted to the bar of Luzerne county not far from IBM; but the legal profession did not seem to have afl'orded him any attraotiiins, and he settled down in Plymouth, where he spent the remainder of his lite. He was an industrious, upright man, a model magistrate, and for many years did he en.ioy the confidence of his neigh- bors. He died in 1840, in the seventy-sixth year ot his age. In his poll- tics, which were of the Jefferson school, he was as positive as his brother Calvin was in his, which were Washingtonian— " one a radical Demo- crat, the other a radical Federalist." The " success of Calvin Wadhams was remarkable. As to his habits of frugality and industry he was a genuine type of the men of the valley in his time. Labor, temperance and economy, in his judgment, proved the true standard of manhood, and made up the rule of his long and prosperous life. He was a religious man, strongly devoted to the church of his faith, and while his home was marlcedly open to the brethren of the Methodist chui'ch, his hospitality was broad and all embracing." February 30th, 1791, he married Esther Waller, of Connecticut, who was born June 10th, 1708, and died February 19th, 1818. April 28th, 1820, he married widow Lucy Lucas, born Lucy Starr August 13th, 1702, who died September 2l8t, 1840. When Calvin Wadhams died, April 22nd, 1845, aged 80 years, only one of his children survived him— the late Samuel Wadhams, Esq., who was born in Plymouth, August 21st, 1800. He inherited largely the energy of character and views of his father. He was a man of good business qualities, calm, even tempered, and of friendly disposition ; a remarka- bly methodical man in his business affairs, exhibiting great skill, judg- ment and industry in their management. He understood their every detail and knew how to control and direct them to good purpose. By caution, prudence and forethought he came to his conclusions with jnoderation and they were generally correct. April 7th, 1824, he married Clorinda Starr Catlin, ot New Marlboro, Mass. " He died as he had lived, December 15th, 1808, aged sixty-two, a man of unblemished integrity, upright in his dealings, and a worthy Christian member of society." His wife died April 28th, 1870. They left three sons, Elijah Catlin, Calvin and Moses, and one daugh- ter, Esther Waller, who married Hon. L. D. Shoemaker, of Wilkcs-Barre. To Mr. and Mrs. L. D. Shoemaker hai'e been born nine children, of whom si.x are living. Calvin was born December 14th, 1*3.3, and is an attorney at law. He has one son living, hoA'ing buried three children. Moses was born November 2.3d, 1830, and died March 28th, 1878, leaving a widow, his second wife, and an only daughter by his first wife. Hon. Elijah Catlin Wadhams was born in Plymouth, July 17th, 1825, in the same house where his father, Samuel Wadhams, was born. This house, a view of which is shown on another page, was built about 1807, by his granfather, Calvin Wadhams, third son of Hev. Noah Wadhams, and stands onlland adjoining the homestead. The barn across the street was built during Washington's administration. Mr. Wadhams was ed- ucated at Dana's Academy, Wilkes-Barre, and Dickinson College, Car- lisle, and graduated from the University of the City of New York in 1S47. Locating in Plymouth he embarked in a succesful mercantile career, and was justice of the peace in Plymouth borough twenty years and burgess seven years. While a resident of Plymouth he was active in developing and supporting all interests tending to the advancement of the public prosperity, and has been identified as a member and officer with the leading social and secret societies there. For many years he has been a director of the Wyoming National Bank and he is now a di- rector of the First National Bank of Wilkes-Barre. In 1873 he removed to Wilkes-Barre and in 1874-75 ei-ected his residence. No. 330 South Franklin street. In November, 1876, he was elected a senator of the State ot Pennsylvania. A marked characteristic of Mr. Wadhams, one which it has been seen has been developed in many generations of the family, is industry, which he recognizes as the key to success in life under any and all circumstances. October 7th, 1851, he married Esther Taylor French, daughter of Sam- uel French, who was the son of Samuel and Francis Holberton French, of Bridgeport, Conn. Other branches of the family now reside near Vergennes, Vt. All of them are descendants of Samuel and Sarah Hall French, of Derby, Conn. His children are : Samuel French Wadhams, attorney-at-law, who graduated at Dartmouth College, N. H., in 1875; Ellen Hendrick Wad- hams, a graduate of Drew Ladies' Seminary, Carmel, N. Y. ; Cornelia Frances Wadhams, a graduate of Bordentown Female College, N. J. ; Moses Waller Wadhams, a graduate ot Dartmouth College, N. H., of the class of 1880; Stella Catlin Wadhams, Lydia French Wadhams and Ralph Ho Iberton Wadhams. HON. CHARLES .MIKEB— WILTJAM P. MINER. Born at Norwich, Conn., on the first day of February, ITSO, Charles Miner came to Pennsylvania at the age of nineteen to take charge of lands held by his father, Seth Miner, under the Connecticut claim, in the wild forests of Luzerne, now in Susquehanna county. The question of jurisdiction had been settled by the decree at Trenton, 1782, and surveys were progressing under the compromise laws securing title to Yankee claimants. Mr. Miner worked in a sugar camp after his arrival in February, 1799, until he earned one hundred and five pounds of maple sugar, which he carried on his back to the Wyalusing and exchanged for provisions, and then began chopping timber and making a clearing for a farm three miles west of Montrose. Ambitious to be an editor, Mr. Miner sold his improvements soon after he came ot age and removed to Wilkes-Bari-e, where his brother, Asher Jliner, had established the Lmmie Cwuiiii Fnhrnlixt in place of the WiUtcn-Banc Gazette, which had been the only paper of the town since 1797, owned by Thomas Wright, Esq., a large landed proprietor, and pub- lished until the close ot 1800 by his son, Joseph Wright. Asher Miner married the only daughter of Thomas Wright, and Charles, after teach- ing school two terms, married one of his pupils, Letltia, daughter of Joseph Wright. The brothers had been apprentices in the ofllce of Master Samuel Green, who published the l^imiicrtirnt (Itizcttv ami Cnm- iiienial Iiitclliiiciifrr of New London. The Wrights were Ueinocrats; the Miners Federalists. The first coutribution to the Fnlfiril int was received by the cider brother with hesitation; but when it returned in the columns of a Phila- delphia daily doubt vanished, and in a year afterward. May 3d, 1802, the FcflcraliM was " printed by A. & C. Miner," the partnership continuing two years, when .Vslier rcrao^"cd to Doylcstown. In October, 1807, Charles was elected to the Pennsylvania Legislature, which then met at Lancaster. The proprietor of the only newspaper in the county, he aunounccd that liis c()lumns were tree to his opponents to " taunt my faults with such full license as truth and malice have power to utter." Re-elected in 1808, he became the early ad\'ocate of the rights and liberties of the people, and was a fair debater. He op- I)osed tlie circulation of small notes of banks in other States, and pro- posed that excellent law exempting toolsof the poor mechanic, the spin- ning wheel, cow and bed, from execution and sale for debt. Foreseeing the growth of the coal trade at a very early day, he advo- cated the improvement of the Susquehanna and the Lehigh, predicting the connection of their waters by a railroad long before such roads were generally known or thought of. In May, 1810, Messrs. Sidney Tracy and Steuben Butler, who had been apprentices, assumed control of the Fnhiiili>it, and under their manage- ment September 7th appeared the first of a series ol essays from the pen of Mr. Miner, entitled, " Essays from the Desk of Poor Robert the Scribe," which became very popular, and his first one, " Who'll Turn Grindstone?" still goes its annual roiuids of the press ascribed to the pen ol Dr. Franklin. Mr. Miner resumed the editorial chair in 1811, and in 1816 disposed of the establishment to Isaac A. Chapman, Escj., to talce charge of the editorial columns of the 2'rifr -1 uicricfiii, under an agreement of part- nership with the proprietor, Mr. Thomas T. Stiles, at Philadelphia ; an arrangement which was not lasting, as Mr. Miner founded the Fi'Hnoe Ra-ind in the pleasant village of West. Chester, Chester county. Pa., in August, 1817. The young Yankee printer, ridiculed by the democracy of Chester as a '' Yankee tin peddler," won his way to the esteem and confidence of the plain and practical members of the society of Friends in that fine old county; and in 1824 he was elected to represent the district composed of Lancaster, Chester and Delaware counties in Congress, with James Buchanan and Samuel Edwards. Ite-eleeted in 1820, he served four years, retiring in 1829, on the inauguration of General Jackson. *^^= ^7:^_; '" hij h 8 fiau K. .S.ni..: L, i .'rc'i'j oC ^. T -', at Harpersfield, Delaware county, N. Y. His father, Hon. Lyman Hakes, late of Delaware county, N. T., was born in Massachusetts, in 1788. His mother, Nancy Daj-ton, was born in 1790, at Watcrtovvn, Litclifield county, Connecticut. The family of Judge Hakes consist ;d of eight children, four sons and four daughters Of the sous Harry wi»s the youngest, and Lyman Hakes, for many years a resident and prominent lawyer of Luzerne countj'. Pa., was the eldest. Homer Hakes, another of the sons, died in 18.54. The remaining son, Hon. Harlo Hakes, resides at Hornellsville, N. Y. Two of the sisters are still living. The boyhood of Harry Hakes combined the usual experiences of farm- ers' sons, work upon the farm during the summer and attendance at the district school durmg the winter. His habit of study and taste for general reading made him a proficient in all the branches taught, and supplied him with a good English education. Leaving the farm he entered the Castleton IMedical College, of Vermont, and after completing the usual course of study graduated in 1846, opened an office at Davenport Centre, N. Y., and there began and for three years continued the practice of medicine with gratif jang success. In June, 1849, he married Miss Maria E. Dana, eldest daughter of Anderson Dana, jr., then late of Wilkes-Barre, Pa., deceased. After her death, in the December following, he devoted the year 1850 to attendance at the schools and hospitals of New York city. He then removed to the rapidly growing village of Nanticoke, where he continued in active practice for three years, and in the fall of 1854 he visited Europe and •spentanotheryearof study in the medical institutions of London and Paris. Eeturaing at the expiration of this period, he married Miss Harriet L. Lape of Nanticoke, his present wife; resumed his practice, interspersing with it the care and culture of his farm, and continued to Ije thus employed until the spring of 1857. Although Dr. Hakes was a zealous student of medicine, and a success- ful physician, he seemed to possess by hereditary transmission an apti- tude for the law. His father, as above intimated, was judge of the courts of Delaware county, N. Y.; his brother Hon. Harlo Hakes, of Hornellsville, a prominent lawyer in central and western New York; and his only other surWving brother, Lyman Hakes, Esq., was a promi- nent and successful lawyer, with a large clientage at Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Dr. Hakes began the study of the law in the office of the latter in 185T, and at the January term of court in 1863, after passing the usual ex- amination, was admitted to practice in the several courts of Luzerne county. Elected on the Democratic ticket, he represented the county of Luzerne in the Legislature of Pennsyhania, with ability and in- tegrity, during the eventful years of 1863 and 1864. After the close of his official term he returned to the profession of the law, occasionally visiting, at their urgent request, bis old patients, giving his leisure to his farm and applying to its culture thorough practical knowledge, with aU the aids derived from science and from modem agricultural appli- ances and improvements. In addition to raising the usual farming crops he planted a vineyard of several acres with choice varieties of grapes, from which the neighboring markets were supplied and con- siderable quantities of wine manufactured. In 1874 he removed to the city of Wilkes-Barre, and built for himself and family a tasteful and commodious residence, where he delights to wel- come his friends and to dispense a liberal hospitality. Although he still keeps up his relations with his brethren of the healing art, and takes an active part in business and discussions as a member of the Luzerae County Medical Society, his attention and time are chiefly given to the law, with an occasional digression at the proper season with the rod and creel along some mountain stream, or an incursion with dog and gun into the haunts of the quail, the pheasant and other denizens of the Thedoctorisallfe-long, earnest Democrat, and is always ready both in pubUc and in private to give a reason for the faith that is in him. He is a genial friend, n kind neighbor and a public spirited citizen. Over six feet in height, he unites with a large frame a. large heart, and a grasp, a vigor and independence of miudj which renders empiricism and the small arts and details of professional life distsisteful, but espe- cially qualifies and Inclines him to subject every question, whether In medicine, law or theology, to the rigid test of principle, and to that measure and amount of proof of which it is reasonably susceptible. HON. OARRICK MATjLEBY HARDING. Appropriate notices of living men are sometimes difficult to obtain. Such has been the case in a marked degree with respect to Judge Hard- ing. Aided by a recent publication entitled " Biographical Encyclope- dia of Pennsylvania," a personal friend of the judge has furnished the following sketch : Hon. Garrick M. Harding, president judge of the eleventh judicial district of Pennsylvania, was born at Exeter, Luzerne county, on the 13th of July, 1830. He is of that strong New England stock which in the early days of the republic was transplanted from the i-ugged shores of Massachusetts Bay to the more congenial soil of Penn- sylvania. E.xeter bears the same relation to Wyoming that Concord in Massachusetts bears to Bunker's HiU. Bunker's Hill became classical ground through the early struggles of the colonists, which began at Concord ; and Wyoming's classical history dates from the massacre, which had its beginning at Exeter, wherein two of the Hardings were slaughtered, and whereof John Harding, the grandfather of Gar- rick M. Harding, was the only survivor. The latter graduated at Dick- inson college, Carlisle, Pa., in 1848, in the class with John A. J. Creswell, late Postmaster General. He was admitted to the bar in Wilkes-Barre, in 1850, when the bar of Luzerne county was conspicuous for the strength and ability of its members, among whom were the Hon. George W. Woodward, Hon. Luther Kidder and Hon. Oristus Collins, ex-judges of the Supreme Court and the Court of Common Pleas, and Hon. Hendrick B. Wright, Hon. Henry M. Fuller, Harrison Wright and H. W. Nicholson, men of great acquirements and marked abil- ity. His tastes and temperament naturally led him into the active practice of the courts ; he speedily attained great success in jury trials, and as an advocate soon came to be without an equal at the Luzerne bar. In 1858 he was elected district at- torney of Luzerne county on the Republican ticket by more than 1,700 majority, though the county wjis largely Democratic. On the 13th of July, 1870, at the exact age of forty years, he was appointed by Gov.Geary president judge of the eleventh judicial district (excepting Philadelphia and Allegheny the largest in the State) to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Hon. J. N. Conyngham. In the fall of 1870 he was unanimously nominated by the Republicans of Luzerne for the same position; and the election which followed fully demonstrated his strength and popularity. His competitor was the Hon. George W. Woodward, ex-chief justice of the Supreme Court.who had been elected to Congress in 1868 by a majority in Luzerne county of more than 3,000. Yet, notwithstanding there was a large Democratic majority in the dis- trict, and despite Judge Woodwai-d's pre-eminent ability and pure and spotless character, Judge Hardingwaseleotedby a majority of 3,365. On the bench he was distinguished for his great dispatch of business, for his industry, his legal acquirements, his devotion to the public weal, his strong and even-handed dispensation of justice, and for that fearless, earnest and undeviating judicial course which comes from a clear mind, a -vagd'ous body and an honest purpose. The period over which his dis- charge of official duty extended was a stormy one in the great coal county of Luzerne. After nine years and a half of service, and with another year of his term unexpired, he determined to return to the more congenial practice of the law. Accordingly, on the last day of the year 1879, his resignation, winch had been previously filed with the governor, took effect. In private life he is generous and chai'itable, de- voted to his family and his books, a faithful friend and an outspoken opponent. In fine, he is a wortliy representative of those men whose stout hearts and arms made the valley of Wyoming classical ground, and whose \'igor of body and mind, force of character and native integrity still bloom and flourish among their children. " Full-hearted, and heart-full of Are and soul. As rich in treasures of a searching mind ; The shells of beauty, where life's billows roll. And learning's pearls, leave trace of him behind ; In whom are blent, in happy union sweet. Genius, to shape those jewels into thought. And wondrous skiU to find expression meet ; Pouring them forth— in golden words inwrought I A jurist ripe, entrenched in generous views. Who scorns a flaw where justice makes it plain ; And legal truth with living warmth imbues. With Orpheus' powers his audience to enchain, Apollo's bow, to speed his shafts at wrong, A great man, of a tender spirit— grandly strong! " AUGUSTUS 0. LANING (DECEASED). Thenameof A. C. Laning ha? long been identified with the advance- ment of the iron and manufacturing industry of the Wyoming and '*kV =4* f 236/" HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Lackawanna valleys and the development and progress of Wilkes-BaiTe. Born in Owego, N. T., September 30th, 1808, at the age of fourteen he made his advent in Wilkes-Ban-e, a place afterwards to receive the im- press of his energy, his industry and his henevolence, and became an inmate of the family of his uncle, G. M. Hollenback, and an assistant in the business of his grandfather. Colonel Matthias Hollenback, of pioneer fame. At times he was sent upon important missions, the performance of which called for the exercise of that courage, perseverance and fidelity which were marked characteristics of his career, often going on horse- back to Philadelphia, south, with his grandfather, and to Elmira tthen Newtown), Buffalo, Niagara and other places north. He frequently car- ried money secured in a belt on his person to complete purchases nego- tiated by his grandfather. Often, before there were any canals or rail- roads, he went down the river to southern markets with arks laden with grain and flour. These duties were varied by assisting his uncle in the conduct of the business of the Hollenback store, and he was identified with the important busiuess of Colonel aud G. M. Hollenback until he engaged in trade on his own account. Opening a store in Kingston Mr. Lauing soon removed to Wilkos-Barrc, and for a time carried on a mercantile business un the oast side of the public square. His attention having been early directed to the possibil- ities of the iron industry in northeastern Pcnnsyh-ania, in 183-3 and 1834 he erected a foundry on the Avest side of the public sqiiare, a stone building which was burned on the night of January 3d, 1850, where he manufac- tured part of the castings that went into the lirst rolling-mill at Seranton . The destruction of this building hastened the execution of long-formed plans for the extension of the business by Mr. Laning by the erection of large buildings on Canal street and the introduction of new and im- proved facilities for manufacture. Mr. Samuel R. Marshall, an ex- perienced manufacturer from Phlladelphia,was secaredas foreman, and subsequently admitted to partnership by Mr. Laning, and for a number of years the firm of Laning & Marshall was one well known throughout a wide extent of country, until the business was sold to and be- came a branch of the Dickson Manufacturing Company of Sei'anton. Mr. Laning was twice in Europe, going first in 1858 to store his mind with a knowledge of the vast iron and steel industries of England and Wales, the effects of which have since been apparent in the advance- ment of those interests in the Wyoming and Lackawanna valleys; and again in 1865, accompanied by his daughter, spending the winter in Vienna and travehng on the continent, remaining nearly a year. With the intricate details of the important business of which he was manager he was thoroughly familiar, and by his long experience and eonstimt familiai*ity with every branch of industry he comprehended at a glance its full extent and scope. Neai'ly all of the enterprises which grew up in Wilkes-Barre had in Mr. Laning an active and efficient counsellor and supporter. Careful, shrewd and energetic, every detail of his enterprises received his con- stant and unwearied attention, and from their cares he took little recreation until his retirement, except what was afforded by an occa- sional hunting and camping expedition on the mountains environing Wilkes-Barre, the love for the wildwood which he had imbibed with the rugged experiences of his youth never lessening as he advanced in life; but his last years were free from the cares of business. Politically Mr. Lauing was a good "old line Whig," but toolt no part In politics and never sought nor held any political office. Hisinterest in educational and charitable objects was active rather than ostentatious. His domestic life was such as to compensate him for the harder every day life of business. He wtis married December 8th, 1831, to Amanda E., daughter of Dr. C. J. Christd, of Wilkes-Barre, who survives him. Pour children were born to them, three of whom— Elizabeth V. (Smith), John and Amanda M. (Merritt)— are hving. Mr. Laning's death occurred May 20th, 1875. Kosolutions of respect and condolence were passed by the directors of the Miners' Savings Bank, Wilkes-BaiTc, of which he had long been president; by the members of the Wilkes-Bridge Company, of which ho had been treasurer and man- ager through an extended period; by the board of prison commissioners, of which body he had been a member, and by the directors of the Dick- son Manufacturing Company, Seranton, and other organizations in the city and county. Conuiieuting on his .successful aud useful business career, in the preamble to their resoluti(mR, the directoi-s of the Dickson Manufacturing Company said that Mr. Laning "was long identified prominently with tlie induBljrial intorcsto of this region, extending over the period of an entire generation ; from the day that, as the pioneer manufacturer, he sent upward the first jet of steam from the then only engine of the valley, in the little foundry on the public square at Wilkes- Barre, on through the years of wonderful progress and amazing devel- opment to the present time, when the atmosphere in our sixty miles of valley is moistened with the vapor of a thousand engines, its railroads burdened and the air made dusky by the products of inuunuirable mines." He was one of the few prominent men whose lives spanned the division between the old Wilkes-Barre and the Wilkes-Barre of the last decade. He had assisted in and witnessed the gi-adual development of those social and commercial elements which render it one of the most noteworthy inland cities of the, oast, and by its citizens he is held in grateful remembi-ance. C. B. PRICE. C. B. Price was born August 1st, 1819, in Bucks county. Pa., and is a son of George Price. He learned the carpenters' trade in Doylestown, and came to Wilkes-Ban-e in 18il and engaged in journeyman's woi-k for Ira Marcy and afterward for Gilbert Barnes, on Main street. Heturning to Bucks county he married Mary Ann Goucher, in the fall of 1841, and brought her to Wilkes-Barre, his home sioee that date, where he entered business as a carpenter and undertaker, in which ho continued until he erected the first planing-mill in Luzerne county and embarked in the business which is elsewhere noticed in the histoi-y of the city. He has been identified with -various projects and enterprises looking to the im- provement of the cit.N- and vicinity. He early adopted Whig principles; has been connected with the Republican party since its organizati= =r HON. S. rj.TURNE" ,U.^^ cy//. //r>Tp/r^ lENRY M, 1-IOYT GENEA],OGICAL RECORD, WILKES-BARRE. #• 236^ .1. PRYOIl WILLIAMSON (DECEASED). J. Pryor Williamson was born in Baltimore, Md., Deoembor 3d, 1830, and was a grandnephew of Tbomas Wilson, for many years president of the old Baltimore Coal Company, of Wilkes-Barre, and was for several years in business with the latter. He came to Wilkes-Barre in 1863, and became a partner in the business Connected with the Baltimore store. Subsequently the Arm opened a banking house on the public square, near South Main street. This enterprise was merged in the Wilkes- Barre Deposit and Savings Bank, and Mr. Williamson was made cashier^ an office which he resigned in July, 1878, but remained a director until his death. October 7th, 1869, he married Miss Mary H., youngest daugh- ter of the late Hon. G. W. Woodward. He was a valuable member and vestryman of St. Stephen's church, and for several years superintendent of Calvary Mission Sundav-sohool. He was a member of Coeur de Lion commandery, Knights Templar, of Soranton, and past master of Land- mark Lodge F. and A. M., of Wilkes-Barre. An earnest and enthusias- tic friend of the fire department of Wilkes-Barre, he was connected with it during his residence in the city, and at the time of his death was fore- man of Hose Company No. 2. He was secretary and a member of the board of trustees of the Home for the Friendless, was for many years secretary and treasurer of the Wyoming Valley Ice Company, and was interested in all public enterprises looking to the advancement of the prosperity of the city. Politically he was a Democrat and was active in politics. His courteous manner, kindly disposition and warm heart won him hosts of friend^, who sincerely mourn liis death, which oc- curred October 34th, 1879. GOVERNOR HENRY M. HOYT. Ziba Hoyt, the father of the subject of this sketch and son of Daniel and Anne Hoyt, was born September 8th, 1788, at Danbury, Connecticut. In 1794 the family moved to Kingston, Luzerne county, Pennsylvania. In the war of 1812 Ziba Hoyt was fii*st lieutenant of artillery, and was on duty at Lake Erie. He served lifteen months in Colonel Hill's regimen^ of Pennsylvania militia, the "Wyoming Volunteers." January 23d, 18IS, he was married to Nancy Hurlbut. They had four children— Anne, who married liev. Mr. Corss, John D., Henry M., and Elizabeth, who raarr-ied Abram Nesbitt. Deacon Ziba Hoyt, as he was always called, was a man of unusual abilities. He was of large frame, strong mind, wide acquaintance, great influence and of the utmost purity and integrity of character. He was a leading Presbyterian. At the time of his death, December 23d, 1853, he was as well known and thoroughly respected as any man in the Wyo-' ming valley. Henry Martyn Hoyt was born June 8th, 1830, in Kingston. He re- mained at home until 1844, when he entered the Wyoming Seminary, then just opened by Rev. Dr. Eeuben Nelson, where he prepared for college. The following year he entered Williams College, and gradu- ated in 1849. In 1850 he went away and opened a school, which he con- ducted a year, when he returned to Kingston, having been elected professor of mathematics in the Wyoming Seminary, which position he held two years. Subseiiuently he became a student at law in the oflice of the Hon. George W.Woodward. In 1853 he went to Memphis, and there taught the graded school until recalled to Pennsylvania by the death of his father. He then returned to the study of law, this time in the ofSce of Hon. Warren J. Woodward, with whom he remained until the election of Judge Woodward to the bench. September 2oth, 18.55, he married Mary E. Lovelund, of Kingston. In. 1856 he began the practice of his profession. He devoted himself both to the study and practice of law assiduously and laboriously, and almost immediately secured a large and lucrative practice. He took part in the Fi-emont campaign in 1856, and in 1861 was active in raising the 52nd regiment of Pennsylvania volunteers. He was com- missioned lieutenant colonel by Governor Curtin. His regiment was in the brigade of General Negley, and participated in the Peninsula cam- paign of 1802. Early in the winter of 1863 the brigade, then under General W. W. H. Davis, was sent to the department of the south to co-operate in the naval attack on Fort Sumter. It pai-ticipated under General Gilmore in the siege operations conducted on Morris Island against Fort Wagner and Fort Sumter. During the summer of 1864 a night attack was organ- ized by General Foster against Fort Johnson, in Charleston harbor. It was made in boats across the harbor. The five boat loads of men, com- manded by General Hoyt, pushed forward and succeeded in reaching and entering the fort ; but the reinforcements did not arrive, and Gen- eral Hoyt's party became prisoners of war. They were first confined at Macon, and then brought to Charleston jail, so that they might be under fire from Morris Island. While en route from Macon to Charleston Gen- eral Hoyl, with four other olHcers, escaped from the ears. After several days and nights of wearisome hut fruitless efforts for liberty they were recaptured by the rebels with the aid of bloodhounds. Upon being ex- changed General Hoyt rejoined his regiment, and remained with it until the close of the war. He then returned to Wilkes-Barre and re- sumed the practice of his profession. During the year 1867 he fulfilled the duties of additional law judge of his judicial district, under appointment by Governor Geary. His record on the bench was of tlie first order. He was able, fearless, faithful and dignified. He was for years a member of the school board, and was largely instrumental in the reorganization and improvement of the pub- lic schools of Wilkes-Barre, making them second to none in the State. He was attorney for many of the large mining and railroad corpora- tions, as well as numerous individuals. His reputation as a lawyer was second to none. His legal knowledge was not only broad and com- prehensive but accurate to the slightest detail. His arguments were concise, logical and philosophical— too much so perhaps for success before juries, but of the utmost value and importance in legal discus- sions before the courts. He was truly learned in the law. As a coun- selor he was pre-eminently valuable. His advice was sought after by his brethren at the bar in important and critical emergencies, and when given all who knew him knew it might be relied upon. His knowledge of the fundamental principles of the law was so thorough that the greatest respect was always expressed by lawyers for even an " off hand " opinion on matters under discussion at the various meetings of the members of the bar. But his education and study were by no means confined to legal matters. Mathematics in its highest branches was his favorite pursuit, while history, philosophy, science, theology and general literature were alike studied with great zeal and relish and all contributed abundantly to enrich a mind well capable of enjoying their most hidden treasures. The training which Governor Hoyt received in early life, as farmer boy, as scholar and as teacher, always within the influence of his father's exatnple, taught him at least the value of thoroughness and accuracy in whatever is undertaken. And it may well be stated as characteristic of the man that to whatever subject he has given his attention he has spared no effort to reach the very marrow of it and understand it in all its details. His library is large and extends over a very broad field of literature. In 1875 he became chairman of the Republican State committee and he conducted the campaigns of that and the succeeding year with success. May 15th, 1878, he was nominated by the Republian party for the position of governor of the State of Pennsylvania. It was at the time of the greatest excitement in the State on the question of the resumption of specie payments. Many believed that no one could be elected on an unqualified hard money campaign; but Hoyt, scorning all subterfuges, sounded the key note of the campaign in his first address by declaring :— " Professing to be an honestman, and the candidate of an honest pai'ty, I believe in honest money." He was elected by a very large plurality and was inaugurated January 14th, 1879. His term is for four years, he being the first governor who in pursuance of the new constitution of 1879 serves for that terra. The oath of office was adminis- tered to him by Hon. Warren J. Woodward, his fonner instructor and then a judge of the Supreme Court of the State. Subsequently to his election Governor Hoyt wrote for the Historical Society of Pennsyl- vania, "Brief of a title in the seventeen townships in the county of Luzerne; a syllabus of the controversy between Connecticut and Penn- sylvania. Printed by Lane S. Hart, Harrisburg, Pa., 1879." He is now the most highly educated and ablest man in political life in Pennsylvania. Being positive by nature in all the habits of his mind, he is naturally positive in his political views; but in all political discussion he has shown that this positiveness is not a result of partisan bitterness but a conclusion from a thorough and careful study of the constitution and history of his country. COLONEL WASHINGTON LEE. Washington Lee was born in the city of Harrisburg, Pa., June 18th, 1786. His father, Andrew Lee, captain of dragoons in the army of the Revolution and one of the band celebrated in Pennsj'lvania history as " the Paxtang Boys," had served his country with some distinction under General Sullivan, and had even been permitted to see the interior of one of the British prison hulks in New York harbor, famous then as now as "fioating hells." The captain survived the horrors which were fatal to so many of his comrades, and heing finally exchanged hastened home to Paxtang, Dauphin county, Pa., to recruit his shattered health. Before the close of the year, however, Cornwallis had surrendered. Great Britain saw the futility of her efforts to retain these col- onies, and finally, September 3d, 1783, signed with her late rebellious subjects a definitive treaty of peace. With this conclusion Captain Andrew found his occupation gone, and taking unto himself a wife, in the person of Mrs. Prisoilla Stewart, the widow of James Stewart, he moved to Harrisburg, purchased a well known inn there, and prepared to entertain the traveling public. In this house were born Washington, his brother James S. and his sister Prisoilla. James, in after years, moved to Hanover township, Luzerne county, about six miles from Wilkes-Barre, where still remain some of his chil- dren, grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Priscilla, the sister, died at her brother's house in Hanover, at the age of nineteen, unmarried. ■' Washington, after attending school in Harrisburg, March 20th, 1803, en- tered the law oifice of Mr. Fisher, a prominent practitioner of that place, and March 3d, 1806, was duly admitted to practice law in the courts of Dauphin county. He had determined, however, that a miH- <^ *«> 236 T HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. tary career would be more to his taste, and he early sought the influence of his friends to aid him in graining: a position in the army. A staunch friend of his father, Hon. John Joseph Henry, was then presiding on the bench of Dauphin county, and from him he readily secured a com- mendatory letter to Henry Dearborn, the Secretary of War. By the same influence he also enlisted Hon. A. Gregy, senator from Pennsylvn^ nia, in his service, and May 3d, 1808, he rejoiced in the receipt of his commission as second lieutenant in the army of the United States, and a letter from the war department ordering him to report at the rendez- vous at Lancaster. In compliance with this order he hastened to his post, and immediately entered upon the performano of his duties. From this date until that of his retirement from the ser- vice, eight years later, his career was one unbroken series of successes. He was commissioned flrst lieutenant of the fifth regiment of infantry April 1st, 1811. He had already served as judge advocate of the southern army under General Wade Hampton since February 19th, 1810, and con- tinued so to act until appointed assistant adjutant general June 24th, 1812. July 23d following he was commissioned captain of the eleventh infantry and March 3d, 1813, received his majority. In June of this year he was appointed deputy paymaster general of the United States forces, and he received his commission as lieutenant colonel of the eleventh infantry January 1st, 1815. May 3d, 1818, Colonel Lee withdrew from the military service and JunelOth, 1817, he married Miss Elizabeth Campbell, the daughter of an Episcopal minister, of Carlisle, Pa. The young couple immediately removed to Nantieoke, Luzerne county, where Colonel Lee had purchased a farm of about one thousand acres. Here, in a comfortable mansion erected on the east bank of the Susquehanna, at the very foot of the valley of Wyoming, they began, passed and ended a half a century of wedded life. In December, 1867 just fifty years from the dat« of her first acquaintance with the old homestead, Mrs. Lee died, childless. Her husband, full of years an d fee- ble in health, bore with his loneliness until May, 1869, when, at the urgent solicitation of his friends, he removed to Wilkes-Barre. Here two years later, September lOth, 1871, ready and willing, he peacefully breathed his last. His remains now rest beneath a simple shaft of granite in the churchyard of Hanover Green. Standing by his grave on the hill slope one can see with wonderful distinctness the old mansion four miles away, and at its feet the river, never changing. AH else of the old land marks have disappeared, swallowed up in huge culm piles, or blackened beyond recognition with the dust of half a dozen collier- ies. Miners' houses crowd each other up to the ver.v gateway of the homestead and even the old rope ferry has given place to a long, rambling covered bridge. In person Colonel Lee was tall and of dignified presence. His gentle manners and courtly bearing greatly endeared him to all who possessed his acquaintance. His habits were of the strictest simplicity. His mind had always been of a studious character, and in the later years of his ife he found refuge from his lEolation in his acquaintance with the phi- losophy and classics of the ancients. He was the impersonation of in- tegrity and rectitude. He preserved his faculties to the very end, and with the utmost composure saw the approach of that messenger from whose coming old and young alike shrink with dread. W. L. P. ANDREW I.EE. Andrew Lee was born on the 31st day of January, 1815, at the home- stead of his grandfather, Captain Andrew Lee, situate on the east bank of the Susquehanna river, at the mouth of Nanticoke creek, about two miles above the present borough of Nanticoke, Luzerne county. Pa. He was the eldest of the seven children of James Stewart Lee and Martha Campbell. His life has been spent in the immediate neighbor- hood of his birthplace. He early became engaged in the operation of the coal mines on the property of Colonel Wa.shington Lee, and subse- quently became interested in the mercantile business In Nanticoke. In 1872 he retired from an active business life and removed to Wilkes- Barre. In 1853, on the 23d day of January, he married Sarah Jane Buck- hout, by whom he has had three children, James Stewart, William Washington and Minnie. Mr. Lee still enjoys vigorous health notwith- standing his years. His elegant home on the corner of River and Hano- ver streets is one of the handsomest residences in Wilkes-Barre, and is marked with every evidence of a. cultured taste. Aside from those sketched in the foregoing biographies the following may be mentioned as among the well-known citizens of Wilkes-Barre: David p. Ayars, A. M. Bailey, Charles K. Bart, C. A. Belin, Eufus J. Bell, Silas W. Bennett, P. F. Buermeyer, H. Burgunder, Henry C. Burrows, H. Brownscombe, H. B. Courtright, W. L. Conyngham, J. M. Crane, E. P. Darling, Alfred Darte, Jr., James P. Dennis, James P. Dickson, Eugene C. Frank, C. E. Goodell, T. E. Griflath, WiUiam J. Harvey, John Hessel, J. H. Hildreth, Rev. F. B. Hodge, N. B. Houpt, D. F. Hughes, A. N. Humphreys, Andrew Hunlock, Charles P. Hunt, Frederick C. Johnson, Edwin H. Jones, C. Kidder, John I. Labagh, I. M. Leach, F. J. Leavenworth, J. Frank Lee, T. H. B. Lewis, Thomas Long, W. J. McCuUough, Rev. P. J. McManus, J. A. Merrick, P. C. Nagel, T. E. Nidecker, Rev. W. H. Olin, E. S. Osborne, W. L. Paine, Ohoi-les Parrish, W. Puckey & Brother, P. Butler Reynolds, Sheldon Reynolds, Samuel Roberts, Rev. H. Rubin, Dr. E. Shelp, George W. Shonk, C. B. Snyder, J. Stickney, H. Stoddart, S. J. Strauss, S. C. Struthers, S. B. Sturdevant, W. H. Sturdevant, JRev. W. H. Swift, John Teasdale, I. M. Thomas, Eev. T. B. Thomas, Samuel J. Tonkin, E. Troxell, F. W. Vannan, E. O. Weeks, John C. Williamson, D. Wilson, HaiTison Wright, E. B. Tordy. ►f ^> r-i,;' Tnj E B tfiU iStmi n h,.iYlmi Sj S \ CtJ-nAAA. u.o/(mJlX) Jini}^ bijSdMul ^So'is USsTclaij SiFT. *ih <\ TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH HISTORIES, LUZERNELCOUNTY. BEAR CREEK TOWNSHIP. , HIS township was taken from Denison, April 7th, 1856, and named after a stream which rises in the northeast part and flows in a most picturesque channel through the town- ship. The land is not adapted to agriculture, and is uncultivated. The surface is mountainous. Bald mountain, near the north border, rising 1,825 feet above the level of the Lehigh, and the Wyoming mountain, just west of Bald, showing an altitude of 1,550 feet. The Wilkes-Barre and Easton road crosses near the center of the township, from northwest to southeast, and where it crosses the creek there is a hamlet of half a a dozen houses. The principal productions of the township are hemlock logs and game, the supply of which is annually diminish- ing. Eight votes were polled in this township at the fall election of 1879. Stiles Williams was elected and commissioned justice of the peace for Bear Creek May 26th, 1856. BLACK CREEK TOWNSHIP. ^HIS township was taken from Sugarloaf, August 8th, 1848. It derives its name from a creek which flows through it. In 1806 Barney Huntsinger, who was urveying this then wilderness, took as his pay the land where Christian Benninger now lives, near Mountain Grove railroad station. Martin Rit- tenhouse located in 1810 where his grandson Joseph Rittenhouse now lives, and the Shelhamer family soon after, farther down the stream, and over on the Nesco- peck, in the northeastern part of the town. The old Indian trail from the Lehigh to the Susque- hanna ran down the west bank of the creek. On the farms now owned by the Smiths, a little below Ritten- house's mills, is a good spring, and here was one of the favorite camping grounds of the Indians. Their paths are still to be seen along the banks of the creek. The first grist and saw-mills were built in 1810, by William Rittenhouse, on the farm now owned by Joseph Rittenhouse. The grist-mill had but one run of stones. There is a saw-mill on the site of the old one. The stone used in the grist-mill for grinding was brought from Reading, Pa., and now lies between the gate posts in front of William Rittenhouse's residence. The first frame houses were built by Martin Rittenhouse and Philip Shel- hamer soon after the saw-mill was put in operation. Rittenhouse's old log house was converted into the first school-house in the township as soon as he moved into his frame house; and the first teacher was a Mr. Tripp. The old log house was soon burned, and the school was then kept near where the brown church now stands. The surviving pupils of the school are Amos Rittenhouse,' William Wolf, Nancy A. Rittenhouse and Sylvester Shelhamer. The first brick houses were built by David Shelhamer and Stephen Turnbach in 1850, Mr. Shelhamer making the brick upon his own farm in the northeastern part of the township. The first postmaster was Amos Ritten- house. He was appointed in 1856, and kept the ofiice in the house just east of where he now lives. The mails were received once a week from Conyngharti, and Joseph Rittenhouse was the first mail carrier. The office was removed to Stephen Turnbach's, and in 1872 to the railroad station at Rock Glen, or Falls Run City, the railroad station being known by the former and the post-office by the latter name. The first town meeting was held at the house of Elias Smith, a few rods east of Rittenhouse's mill. In 1820 there was a distillery on the farm now owned by C. Benninger, built by Huntsinger. It has now gone to decay. The first blacksmith shop in this end of the valley was John Barnes's, who was among the first settlers. He lived where Mrs. J. I. Pegg now lives. The first Hh <^ ^h= =-^^ 238 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. store in this township was kept by Daniel Stiles, where Stephen Turnbach now lives. There was also a store where D. Shelhamer lives. The first tavern was about a quarter of a mile west of where the Rittenhouse mill now stands, and was kept by George Klinger. The place is now owned by the heirs of Michael Smith. The first tannery was a small concern on the farm now owned by P. Swoyer, opposite the mouth of Scotch Run creek. The first death in the township was that of Mrs. John Kittner, a daughter of Huntsinger. She died in 1818, and was buried in the old graveyard near the Lutheran church. Present Business Centers. Falls Run City has a store, two taverns, a cabinet shop and 15 dwellings. Rock Glen is a few rods above Falls Run on the same side of the creek. There is a railroad station and a post-office, with George Fry postmaster. He was ap- pointed in 1870 or 1871. Mountain Grove, formerly Wolf ton, lies on the eastern border of the township. Here are the Mountain Grove camp grounds, German Reformed church, a hotel, a school-house, railroad station and post-office. George Claas is postmaster: he was appointed in 1875. The hamlet of Rittenhouse Mill, on Black creek near the center of the township, consists of a grist-mill, a saw- mill, a tannery run by steam, built in 1847 by James Pegg, now owned by Samuel Rouse, and several dwellings. At Gowen, a station on the D. H. & W. Railroad, are a coal mine and breaker, a store, a post-office and about 20 dwellings. CHURCHES OF BLACK CREEK. METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. This society was formed as early as i8xo, at the house of John Barnes, where Mrs. J. L Pegg now lives, half a mile west of Amos Rittenhouse's grist-mill. Methodism at that time in which is now Black Creek was quite a novelty. The first preacher to wend his way thither was the Rev. Christian Bowman, a Methodist itinerant. He came by way of the Nescopeck mountains, and made his visits once in four weeks. That none might mistake the time of his coming, he heralded his approach when on the top of the Nescopeck mountains by blowing a tin horn, whereupon the people gathered at the house of John Barnes, or that of Isaac Shelhamer. The first members of the class were: John Barnes, Isaac Shel- hamer, John Wolf, Andrew A. Wood and a Mrs. Jackson; with John Barnes as leader. Meetings were held in houses and barns until 1831 or 1832, when a church and school-house combined was built where the Roberts school-house stands. Here the society worshiped until t86i, when the present church, standing across the road from the old one, was built, costing about $1,400. It is thirty-two by forty-four feet, of wood, and was dedicated the first Sunday in Novem- ber, 1861, by Rev. G. H. Day, the pastor. This part of the Conyngham charge formerly belonged to the old Sunbury circuit, together with Northumberland county, Carbon, parts of Luzerne and Wyoming, and the whole of Schuykill and Columbia counties. Among the early preachers were Rev. Messrs. Christian Bowman, Cook, Steele, John Rhodes, E. McCollum, Joseph Lee, Bergstresser, Shepherd, Dolls, Charles Colfus and Thomas Bowman. Thomas T. Hill preached in 1833; James H. Brown, James Clark, G. H. Day and Wells in 1842; J. Ross and Thomas McClure in 1843; Consor and Barnhard in 1844. The pastors in more recent years have been as follows: G. H. Day, in 1861; B. P. King, 1862; Josiah Forrest and J. C. Hagey, 1864; James F. Porter, 1866; Henry S. Mendenhall, 1867; James B. Creddy, C. S. Benscotten, and Pember- ton Bird, 1868; A. S. Bowman and N. W. Colburn, 1870; J. Farran Brown and J. B. Moore, 1873. In 1874 J. Horning came in place of Mr. Moore. At this time the Jeansville circuit was divided, leaving the townships of Butler, Sugarloaf and Black Creek in one charge. In 1875 Rev. J. Stiner was stationed here, and in 1877 G. M. Larned, the present pastor. The present membership is 70. Stephen Turnbach is class leader. The present value of the church property is $1,500. The trustees are Stephen Turnbach, Peter Roberts, Perry Boone, W. G. Gregory, David Shelhamer, Martin Basbuscheck, John A. Wagner and D. W. Lauer. The Sunday-school was organized in 1834, with 30 scholars, and Uzel O. Barnes as superintendent. The present superintendent is W. G. Gregory. The total number of scholars is 115; average attendance 80. MOUNTAIN GROVE CAMP MEETING ASSOCIATION. June 2oth, 1872, at a meeting of Methodist ministers and laymen, held in Bloomsburg, Columbia county, G. M. Shoop, of Danville, reported that he had secured about twenty-eight acres of land at Mountain Grove station, on the Danville, Hazleton and Wilkes-Barre railroad, which he would transfer to a camp meeting association should such an organization be effected. The following were appointed an executive committee to make the necessary arrangements for the camp meeting: Rev. S. Barnes, P. E., chairman; Rev. S. Creighton, Rev. B. P. King, Rev. E. T. Swartz, G. M. Shoop, M. Hartman, H. E. Suther- land (first secretary), J. W. Clever, J. W. Eyer. Under the supervision of this committee the first camp-meeting was held, on the grounds of G. M. Shoop, at Mountain Grove, August 14th, 1872. August igth, 1872, at a meeting of the executive com- mittee and friends of the enterprise, it was resolved to organize a joint stock company to buy the grounds and improvements already made for the purpose of making the institution permanent. The first annual meeting of the stockholders of the association was held on the camp ground August 19th, 1873. The following managers were elected for the en- suing year: M. W. Jackson, Rev. S. Barnes, Rev. S. Creighton, S. Turnbach, N. P. John, Rev. B. P. King, B. G. Welsh, Joseph Smith, A. J. Amerman, E. M. Warden and G. M. Shoop. 5h= =4* ^h H^ CHURCHES AND MINES OF BLACK CREEK— BUCK TOWNSHIP. 239 On the same day the board of managers met and elected the following ofiBcers for the ensuing year: Presi- dent, Rev. S. Barnes; vice-president, E. M. Warden; sec- retary, G. M. Shoop; treasurer, N. P.John. The amount of the capital stock has since been in- creased to $14,000, and the association has bought three acres more of ground, and improvements consisting of hotel and other buildings, and enclosed the grounds with fence. Last year the gates were closed on the Sabbath. The present board of managers consists of G. M. Shoop, Rev. B. P. King, C. C. Sharpless, Loyd Sharpless, J. C. Brown, E. W. M. Low, M. W. Jackson, N. H. Suth- land, S. Turnbach, Rev. S. Creighton and Cyrus Straw. Officers — G. M. Shoop, president; E. W. M. Low, ^ice- president; C. C. Sharpless, treasurer, and Cyrus Straw, secretary. FRIEDEN's LUTHERAN AND GERMAN REFORMED CHURCH, located near the Mountain Grove railroad station was built in 1830; the land, one and a half acres, was donated by Mr. Huntsinger. The two congregations continue to occupy it alternately. The present Lutheran minister is Rev. J. H. Neiman, and there are 100 members in his charge. The German Reformed minister is Rev. John M. Clemens. The church property is valued at $1,000. EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH. The church edifice of this society was built in 1854, and is locally known as the "brown church," from the fact of its not being painted. It is half a mile west of Black creek, near the Nungesser school-house, on the road to Mountain Grove. The church property is valued at $1,000. Rev. J. Wagner, of Hazleton, is the present pastor. The present membership is 22. GERMAN REFORMED CHURCH. This church is located in the northeast corner of the township, and known as the "Shelhanier Church," from its being near David Shelhamer's house. Rev. J. M. Clemens, of Conyngham, is the present pastor. The value of the church property is $1,200. ALBRIGHT CHURCH. The society known as " Albrights " is nearly or quite extinct in this township. About 1854 it built a church near the German Reformed, and the building is still standing. Mining Interests of Black Creek. The West Lehigh coal mine is located at Gowen, on the southwest line of the township, and partly in Schuylkill county, and is owned by the West Buck Mountain Coal Company, and operated by Lewis Rothermel, with John T. Evans as superintendent. There are two engines, with a total of 80 horse power. There are 64 men and boys employed under ground and 24 on tl;e surface. The coal mined during the year 1878 amounted to about 11,000 tons. The Stanton mine, at the same point, is owned by Anspach, Stanton & Weightman, and operated by I. Martial Stout, with I. M. Stout as superintendent. This is a chute. The Conyngham coal mine was originilly in Sugarloaf, but is now in Black Creek, on the north bank of Black creek, on a tract of land surveyed in 1873 to John Mc- Gowan. It never belonged to the Conyngham family. The tract was taken up by warrant in the name of J. McGowan by Tench Coxe, Esq. (grandfather of Coxe Bros, of Drifton), among other lands. Subsequently through tax sales and division, or the adjusting of the line between Northumberland and Luzerne counties, the Deringer family also claimed title to the same land. To avoid an endless litigation the Coxe and Deringer titles were thrown together, and now Coxe Bros. & Co., of Drifton, have the land under lease, and are proving the coal with a view of putting up works. The first coal was rained there by the Conyngham family while residing in the valley; hence the name. According to the best infor- mation the coal must have been opened about 1820, and a load taken away occasionally over the rough mountain. Justices. Justices of the peace have been elected for the town- ship as follows: William Wolf, 1849, 1856, 1862; James T. Pegg, 1849; Josiah Thomas, 1854; Henry B. Bowman, 1855; Henry CroU, 1866; Stephen Turnbach, 1868, 1873, 1878; M. L. Hutchins, 1872, 1877. BUCK TOWNSHIP. east ^ HIS township was formed from Covington in 1833, and named in honor of Samuel Buck, one of the pioneer settlers. Upon the for- mation of Lackawanna county in August, 1878, this township was divided, making the boundary line to run from the mouth of Choke creek up that creek to a point in range with the easterly line of Bear Creek township, and thence to the southeast corner of the latter township. The surface of Buck is very mountainous, except- ing that portion known as the great swamp, or Shades of Death, which lies between the mountains near the center of the township. The following have been the justices for Buck, together with the years of their election: Thomas Tattershall, 1840; Elwood Buckman, 1848; Temple Hinds, 1854, 1859; Adam S. Edinger, 1858; S. M. Edwards, 1861; G. W. Williamson, 1867; J. S. Bachman, i86g. Stoddardsville. The pioner store here was kept by John Stoddard, who also kept the first tavern, built a grist-mill as early as 1816 *#= =^N 240 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. and a saw-mill ten years before,and had a blacksmith shop, wagon shop and cooper shop. Mr. Stoddard and Thomas Arnott owned the site of the village. Here there are about 75 inhabitants, a Methodist Episcopal church, a store and a post-office. From 1835 to i860 much business was done here. Large quantities of logs and lumber were sent down the Lehigh from this point. Here, too, the Easton and Wilkes-Barre turnpike of long ago crossed the Lehigh. During the great freshet of 1865, that swept nearly all of the old canal works out of the Lehigh, the business in- terests of this place suffered fatally. Stoddardsville, the only village in the township, was settled by John Stoddard, of Philadelphia, John Nagle and John Simpson. Henry Drinker and his sons, Henry W. and Richard, made it their headquarters dur- ing the early surveys of their territory around the head waters of the Lehigh. From this point Mr. Drinker caused to be made the road up the Lehigh to his possessions twelve miles east. From this point also he went up the Lehigh in a canoe, employing axemen to clear the way where the trees had fallen across the stream and accumulated driftwood. Stoddardsville M. E. Church. — As early as 181 8 or 1819 the itinerant found his way to Stoddardsville and formed a society, and a church was built about 1820. Gilbert Barnes was a member of the Stoddardsville class, which was connected with the Wilkes-Barre church, and as sexton would walk over the mountains on Sunday mornings and have the church in readiness for services at the morning hour. The preachers have been Revs. George Peck, Grace, Millard, Potts, Flannery, Quigerly, Cox, Sistray, Collo- way, George Brown, Mayer, Illman, William Morse, G. L. Staples, Joshua Lewis, two years; Baldwin, one; John F. Staples, one; J. G. Eckman, two; William Ware, one; S. F. Wright, two; Marlsbury, one; J. C. Leacock, two; J. D. Woodruff, one; D. Larish, two; Paddock, three; P. M. Mott, three; P. Houck, two; and Rev. R. C. Gill, who is closing his third year on this charge. The membership is thirteen; value of church property $600. The first Sunday-school superintendent was Louis Stull, sen., and the present superintendent is Robert Stull. BUTLER TOWNSHIP. iHIS township was taken from Sugarloaf at the August sessions of 1839. Part was annex- ed to Hazle November 30th, 1861. Upon the banks of the streams have been and are still quite a number of mills and manufac- turing establishments, while many have gone to decay. Mr. Samuel Benner, of Conyngham, writes us as fol- lows in regard to a tree in this township which constitutes a noteworthy natural curiosity: " The tree is a white oak with a rock oak limb; is nearly nine feet in circumfer- ence about two feet from the ground. The limb starts about fifteen feet from the ground, and is nearly the size of the main tree. The tree stands in a field west of the main road leading from Hazleton to Drum's, near the foot of Buck mountain and about fifty-five yards from the road. Some suppose an acorn to have dropped into a rotten spot of the tree, sprouted and formed the limb; but I have it directly from Daniel Grosz (dead a number of years), who cleared the land nearly fifty years ago, that the rock oak tree had leaned against the white oak and formed the connection, and that when he chopped off the rock oak near the ground he found it so much decayed and burnt near the junction with the white oak that it broke off there, and the upper part remained attached to the white oak, where it can be seen yet." Butler's First Settlers, Mills, Etc. As soon as peace was assured to settlers they began to make permanent settlements in this beautiful valley. From the very favorable reports brought back by the party of men sent out to bury the victims of the Sugar- loaf massacre,, others were induced to journey to this new Eldorado. The first settler was G. H. Reip, who came about 1782 and located on lands now owned by Jos'eph Woodring. He died in 1794, and was buried at the German church. Among the pioneers was John Balliett, of Whitehall, Lehigh (then Northumberland) county, who emigrated hither in the spring of 1784 and located on what is now known as the Beisel farm, about one mile west of Drum's, and about the same distance southwest of Hughesville. The Indian trails, crossing mountains and streams, af- forded no passage for wagons, and precluded his " mov- ing " more than what he was able to carry on horseback. His children were placed in two bee-hives — typical, per- haps, of that industry that transformed the wilderness into a smiling garden — and these were tied together and hung across tlie back of one of the horses. In descending Broad mountain, south of Buck mountain, on their jour- ney, the cord uniting the hives broke, and in the language of the old nursery-maid's song, "down came rockaby, baby and all." After a short gymnastic exercise in turn- ing somersaults down the mountain side, the children were again comfortably ensconced in the hives, and the party moved on their way rejoicing. Upon reaching their destination Balliett and his family improvised a rude hab- itation by setting poles around and against a tree, over which some sort of a covering was thrown to shelter them until a house could be built. Their first house, which was of logs, was in a year or two after destroyed by fire, together with all their household goods except a bed. Balliett was soon followed to this place by others from the same county, the earliest of whom were men named Reab, Benner, Shober, Dolph, Hill, Bachelor, Spaide and others, whose descendants still live in this valley. These pioneers coveted none of the superfluities of this life, or ^)* i JUDGE GORDON P.IKE N.MORELAND,TP. WYOI^^ING CO., PA JUDGE PAULBILLINGS 'U N K H A N N O CK, T P. WYOIVllNG CO., PA. ELKANAH HOLMES Zl BA LOTT TUNKHANNOCK, WYOM IN G CO., PA. =MN' the expensive follies of the present day, but were humbly thankful for their "'daily bread" and for the rough couches iipon which they were wont to repose their weary limbs. As soon as they raised any crops of grain they were obliged to carry their grists on foot or horseback to Sultz's mill, on Lizard creek, one mile below the present town of Lehighton, and usually waited until the grist was ground (which was generally done during the nigiitj, and returned the following day. Balliett's was not only the first farm settled upon, but here was the first orchard set out, the little trees being brought from his former residence on horse-back. His was also the first log house, and his is supposed to have been the first frame house built in what is now Butler township. The pioneer saw and grist mills on the Little Nesco- peck creek, in the southwestern part of the township, were built by Redmond Conyngham. The saw-mill was built in 1809 on lands now owned by M. Beishline, and went to decay many years ago. The grist-mill was built in 1814 on the opposite side of the creek, where Silas Jacobs now lives, and is now owned by Charles Knelley. The pioneer saw-mill on the Big Nescopeck creek, in the northeastern part of the township, was built in 1813 by Samuel Woodring, near the site now occupied by A. Straw & Son's saw-mill; and in 1820 Redmond Conyng- ham built a grist-mill on the site now occupied by Straw's saw-mill. The pioneer carding-mill was built about 1810 at what is now Ashville, on the Little' Nescopeck creek, on the Linderman property; and the first woolen-mill was built in 1835 by Philip Drum, on the Little Nescopeck, a short distance above Ashville. The pioneer school-house, built of logs, stood near what is known as the German Church, and went to decay many years ago. John Balliett, one of the pioneer settlers, was also the pioneer tavern keeper. He located on the farm now owned by John Beisel, west of Drum's. Philip Woodring was the pioneer blacksmith. He located here in 1800, on the place now owned by Henry Koenig. The first merchant in this township was Henry B. Yost. He located here in 1832, on the place now owned by D. W. Jenkins, sen. Mr. Yost was also the pioneer postmaster. The mails were received once a week, and the name of the office was East Sugarloaf. This was previous to the formation of the township of Butler. Cyrus Straw is the present postmaster and receives a daily mail. George Hughes's saw-mill, above Straw's, was built in 1833, and is still standing. The house where William B. Doud lives, owned by Mr. Straw, was built in 1812. The first weavers here were Michael Klouse, Elias Balliett and Jacob Schauber. They all lived a little southwest of Hughesville. The oldest graveyard in this township is the one in the corner of the lot opposite the M. E. church. Drum's. The first house built here was the one in which An- drew Straw now lives. The first tavern in this place was built by George Drum, and kept as a hotel by Abram Drum in 1820, where the present hotel stands. The first store here was kept by Henry B. Yost, in 1837, where D. W. Jenkins now live^ The first shoemaker was Isaac Drum, who in 1842 had a shop in what is now the bar- room of Drum's Hotel. The first blacksmith shop was on the hill above Cyrus Straw's, on the Wilkes-Barre road. John Sheide was the bl.icksmilh. The shop has gone to decay. There was also a shop at the four cor- ners near the Little Nescopeck, where George Krissinger lives, half a mile south of Drums. The first doctor at Drums was Samuel Beers. He lived where Silas Andrews now lives. The first school-house stood in the corner of the roads southwest 01 Drum's hotel. The first post- master at Drum's was Henry B. Yost. He was appointed in 1839, and kept the office opposite where George Roth's blacksmith shop now stands. The present post- master is Cyrus Straw. At present there are at Drum's a church (Methodist Episcopal), a school-house, a blacksmith shop, a shoe shop, a tailor shop, a harness shop, two stores and a hotel. The population is about »oo. RELIGIOUS INTERESTS AT DRUM's. The first regular preaching, that we have any account of, at what is now Drum's was in 1833 or 1834, when the Baltimore Conference of the M. E. Church commis- sioned Rev. Joseph Lee as a missionary on the old Jeansville circuit, which took in White Haven, Beaver Meadow, Mifflin and other places, including Drum's, v,-hich was on the route from White Haven to Mifflin. There was no church here then. There was one at Hughesville, a mile, and a half distant, but at that "no Methodist need apply" seemed to be the senti- ment of the managers. The school-house at Drum's seemed to be the only available place, and that was not sure; for it was said by some that "if the Meth- odists git in here once, the devil can't git 'em out." But those days of unrest and fear of the "sect" have long since passed away. Lee was one of those aggressive preachers who not only always went armed with the Bible, but for small arms and weapons of warfare used Wesley's sermons; and the feather that broke the camel's back was that he had them to sell, thereby breeding dis- sensions among the elect. After preaching by him once or twice in the school-house, the trustees of the school district became alarmed, and decided that it was " pre- judicial to the cause of the Redeemer's kingdom here on earth, and to the morals of this community, and against the wishes of the people to allow Methodist preaching in the school-house, and more especially so in the evening." James Gilmore, father of Henry Gilmore, being present, gave notice that his house was not controlled by trustees and that the Methodists could occupy it any time. Therefore for about six years the services were held alter- 4f* 242 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. nately at Gilmore's house and Mr. Hoover's house, where Andrew Straw now lives. In the summer and on extra occasions the meetings were held in James Smith's barn. In 1840 it was decided by the congregation that it was expedient to build a union church. The church was built of wood, 32 by 41 feet, and stood in the corner of the burying ground- opposite the present M. E. church. It was built by subscription or contribution, and John Strunk, the builder, was appointed to apportion to each subscriber the amount and kind of timber he must fur- nish for the building. James Gilmore's share was as follows, as per bill given him: 2 sills, 41 feet long, 8 by 10, $5.46; 3 sills, 32 feet long, 8 by 10, $6.39; 6 sills, 16 feet long, 8 by 10, $2.14; 24 joists, 10 feet long, 5 by 6, $6; total, $19.99; 9 sleepers, 25 feet. The church was dedicated in December, 1840, by Revs. J. A. Ross, E. McColUim and G. H. Day, all Methodist preachers. The first Methodist class was formed in the fall of 1840, with Henry B. Yost as leader, and among the early members were Catharine Hunt, Harriet J. Yost, James Smith, Daniel Durst and others. Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church. — The society worshiping in this church is merely a continuation of that worshiping in the old union church. But as the old church had served its purpose, and many repairs were necessary to make it what the congregation and the times demanded, a public meeting was held May 20th, 1870, when it was decided to build a new church. A building committee was appointed, consisting of Rev. N. W. Colborn, Cyrus Straw, A. P. Goedecke, Stephen Drum and Andrew Straw. May igth, 1870, the com- mittee met and decided upon the site where the church now stands, known as the school-house lot, and the bal- ance of the lot was donated and deeded by George Drum to the trustees of the Methodist Episcopal church and their successors in office, June nth, 1873, Jonah P. Drum and Daniel P. Raikes witnesses. The church is of wood, of modern architecture, 34 by 56 feet, with basement, and cost $7,500. Andrew Straw was the builder. The buildmg was commenced in June, 1873; the first public service was held in the basement February i8th, 1874, and the church was dedicated July i2th, 1874. The following named clergymen have served in the years given as preachers on this charge, which is now composed of.Bufler, Sugarloaf and Black Creek, and known as Conynghara charge: Joseph Lee, 1833, 1834; Thomas Hill, 1833-42; James H. Brown, James Clark and G. H. Day; J. A.^Ross and Thomas McClure, 1843; Revs. Messrs. Consor and Barnhart, 1844; G. H. Day, 1861; 1862, 1863, B. P. King; 1864, 1865, Josiah Forrest and J. C. Hagey; 1866, James F. Porter; 1867, Henry S. Mendenhall; 1868, 1869, James B. Cuddy, C. S. Ben- scoten, and Pemberton Bird; 1870-72, A. S. Bowman, and N. W, Colburn; 1873, J. Farron Brown and J. B. Moore; 1874, J. Horning, in place of Mr. Moore; 1875, 1876, J. Stiner; 1877-79, G. M. Earned, the present pastor. The present membership is 84; value of the church prop- erty, |8,ooo. The Sunday-school connected with this church was organized May 6th, 1844, as a union Sjnday-school, and is still under the same auspices. The first officers were as follows: Superintendent, James Smith; president, Isaac Drum; secretary, Henry Oilman (the only one now left of the original school); treasurer, William Harker; managers — Adam Beisel, Daniel Durst, Mrs. Beisel, Mrs. Yost, and Mrs. Hunt. A constitution and by-laws were adopted August 25th, 1844. At present the superintendent is Cyrus Straw; president, N. S. Drum; vice-president, John S. Spencer; secretary, A. A. Drum; librarian, Mary Jacobs; treasurer, Josiah Drum; mana- gers — Cyrus Straw, Henry Gilmore, John T. Spencer, Mrs. Hedian, Mrs. L. Straw, Miss E. Jacobs. The total number of scholars is 193; average attendance 95; volumes in library, 471; collections for the year for mis- sions, $33.88. The first Presbyterian preaching in this vicinity was in 1835 or 1836, by Rev. Mr. Gaston, who came here soon after Joseph Lee. Mr. Gaston preached in the church at Hughesville; and about 1840, when the union church was built at Drum's, the Presbyterians formed a church and society, and assisted in building the union church. James Gilmore was the leading man of that de- nomination at the time. Their church was small, but they have succeeded in holding together a membership of about 20, with Henry Gilmore as their leader. Rev. Homer S. Newcomb, of Conyngham, is the pastor, occu- pying the pulpit of Trinity M. E. Church on alternate Sunday evenings, if not occupied by the pastor of Trin- ity Church. Hughesville has a population of about 150. The place was named in honor of George Hughes, an early settler. The old saw- mill at Hughesville was built in 1836 by H. Benner. The grist-mill at this place was built in 1853 by George Hughes, and April 22nd, 1854, commenced running as a flouring mill. The first store here was opened by Sheide & Wenner, where Dr. Hevener now lives. Henry Ben- ner was the first blacksmith; his shop stood near the saw- mill. The first shoe shop was started in 1868 by J. W. Woodring, and it is still in operation. The first tavern was opened by the present proprietor, Stephen Krehns, in 1870. There are here at present a grist mill, a store, a shoe shop, a blacksmith shop, a school-house and a church, — St. John's, — owned and occupied jointly by the German Reformed and Lutheran congregations. ST. JOHN'S CHURCH, OF HUGHESVILLE. This church was organized December 26th, 1799, when the first meeting was held. Two organizations are worshiping in this church, the Evangelical Lutheran and German Reformed denominations. January 12th, 1800, a meeting of the two congregations was held, at which it was resolved to build an edifice forboth church and school purposes. Public services were' held in pri- vate houses until the fall of 1808, when twelve acres of land were purchased of Stephen Balliett, and *^H= BUTLER AND CONYNGHAM TOWNSHIPS. 243 a log church was built on the bank of the Nescopeck, nearly opposite the present church. The structure was built by voluntary subscription, and was to remain a German Reformed and Lutheran church and school-house. Rev. George Mann was the pastor at the time. April 18th, 1809, Rev. Frederick W. Van de Sloat, a German Reformed preacher, visited this people, when the consistory and members of both denominations requested him to draft a constitu- tion and by-laws for the government of the congregation. The constitution and by-laws drawn by him, and sub- scribed to by members of both denominations, provided that the German language should be used exclusively in all public services except for schools, and that no ser- vices of any kind should be held in the church after dark. The subscribers to this document were John Balliett. George Drum, Philip Woodring, Jacob Speth, George Wenner, Samuel Earles, Jacob Balliett, Peter Hill, John Balliett, sen., Peter Sheide, Michael Beishline, Jacob Drumheller, Andrew Maurer, Philip Ruth, Jacob Fuse, Jacob Wenner, Henry Maurer, George Beishline and George Bitterle. The twelve acres of land purchased of Stephen Balliett included the grave yard and the lot up- on which the present church building stands. In 1825, the old church and school building having become not only superannuated but too small for church purposes, the congregation built a larger one, nearly where the present church stands, and this in turn gave place to the present beautiful edifice. January 31st, 1868, it was de- cided at a joint meeting of the congregations that a new and a larger church building was a necessity, and a build- ing committee was appointed, consisting of Jacob Thomas, Charles W. Kneeley, Simon Santee, Daniel O. Klinger and George Hughes. The ministers at this time were Rev. H. Hoffman, German Reformed, and Rev. S. S. Kline, Lutheran. The elders at the time of building ihe new church were George Hughes, George Drum, Henry Beck and Michael Beishline. The deacons were John A. Kleigh, Daniel Dauber, Charles W. Knelley and Reuben Beninger. The church is of wood, 45 by 60, with basement story, and is finished throughout in the latest and most substan- tial style of architecture, costing $14,000. It was dedi- cated September 24th, 1873, by Rev. Messrs. Bauer, Kep- ner and Steinmitz. The pastors, besides those named, have been: Rev. John N. Seizer, in 1826; Rev. Fred- erick Croll, in 1812; Rev. John A. Foersch, T846; Rev. H. Daniels, 1847-51. The present pastors are: John M. Clemens, German Reformed, and J. H. Neiman, Evan- gelical Lutheran, The present church officers are: Re- formed elders,George Drum and Henry Koenig; Reformed deacons, L. Drencher and J. Hemerly; Lutheran elders, H. Walp and F. Rifenberg; Lutheran deacons, A. Smith and William Kemp. Butler Mining Interests. At No. 3 breaker, Upper Lehigh, there are 7 engines, with a total of 425 horse power. There is also one mine locomotive above ground. There are employed at this slope 156 men and boys under ground, and 97 on the surface. Amount of coal mined in 1878 158,148 tons. Justices of the Peace. The justices for this lovvnship, with the dates of their election (which, where not otherwise mentioned, are also the dates of commission), have been as follows: Walter B. Godfrey and Thomas Hughes, April 14th, 1840, 1845; Fillmoje Santee, April 12th, 1842, and April 13th, 1847; Jacob Drum, April 13th, 1847 and 1852, April 14th, 1857; Samuel Benner, April r3th, 1852, April 14th, 1857, and (elected) April 29th, 1862; Henry Gilmore, May 3d, 1862 (elected), April 9th, 1867, April loth, 1872, and (elected) March 26th, 1877; Daniel P. Rake, April 9th, 185 I, and April roth, 1S72; Charles Bock (elected), March 17th, 1877. CONYNGHAM TOWNSHIP. w^^ ONYNGHAM township, named in honor of '^^ the late Judge Conyngham of Wilkes-Barre, was set off from HoUenback in 1875. The first and only post-office is Wapwal- lopen, Tobias Schobert postmaster. The office was established on the completion of the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg railroad in 1832. The township is thinly settled, not more than one- third of the land being improved. The population is 488. Supervisors have been elected as follows: 1876, Philip Weiss and Reuben Andreas; 1877, Isaac Mil- ler and Jeremiah Hess; 1878, Isaac Miller and Nathan Bittenbender; 1879, John Fenstermactier, jr., and Nathan Bittenbender. J. A. Kepner was elected justice in 1876 and A. D. Miller in 1879. The first permanent settler was Martin Harter, from Northampton county, who in 1795 settled near the mouth of the Little Wapwallopen creek. He was soon followed by James McNiel, James Santee, Philip Fenstermacher, John Andreas, John Fenstermacher, Michael Weiss, Jere- miah Hess and one or two others from Lehigh and Northampton counties. The descendants of these thrifty German farmers constitute a majority of the farming population of the present. John Fenstermacher, jr., Esq., of Wapwallopen, son of John Fenstermacher and- grandson of Martin Harter, was the first white child born in Conyngham township, having been born in 1804. The first road built was the one along the river, which was cut out by the earliest settlers. The first frame house was built by Martin Harter, about 1797, on the lands now owned by the heirs of Ab- salom Heller. Philip Fenstermacher built the only brick house about 1822. This house is now owned by A. K. Harter. In 1829 George Fenstermacher built a stone house on the site where Martin Harter's house had stood. A frame addition was afterward built to this Hh ==# 244 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. house, and a tavern kept here for several years. The first tavern and store were kept by Philip Fenstermacher, beginning in 1805 and continuing only a few years. John Heller kept a store in 1836. The first blacksmith was Jacob Romick, whose shop stood on the site of the stone house. Peter Mauer learned the trade of Mr. Romick and succeeded him. The first grist-mill was built by a widow lady named Lewis, from Philadelphia. It stood just above the site of the present mill of Samuel Heller on Wapwallopen creek. The deed conveying the lands to Frances Lewis, widow, bears the date of 1806, and the mill must have been built about that time. This mill was followed by a stone mill three stories high, which was finished about 1825 by two brothers named McPherson, who operated the mill under a lease for five years. Samuel Heller moved from Salem in 1836 and built the present mill, and he continues to operate it. Philip Fenstermacher built the first saw-mill in 181 1, on a small stream near where A. Boyd now lives. John Fenstermacher had a distillery near the blacksmith shop of Jacob Romick, The first school was taught by a preacher named Krol! in a small building belonging to Martin Harter, about 1808, and was taught in German. This building is now used as a pig-sty by A. K. Harter. The first English school was taught in an old house be- longing to Michael Weiss, in 181 1. The first school- house was erected on the site of the church in 1813. In 1878 there were four schools in the township, with an av- erage total attendance during the year of 85 pupils, and $1,652.43 was expended for educational purposes. Wapwallopen. Wapwallopen signifies " the place where the messen- gers were murdered," and the place is situated on the first tract of land patented in the township, a tract called Campania, being on both sides of the creek, having been granted to Daniel Grant in 1769, and patented by George Campbell in 1773. This is the same land which passed through the hands of the widow Lewis, and finally to John Heller, by whom it was divided and sold to differ- ent parties. The village contains three stores, a post- office, a hotel, a blacksmith shop and two millinery shops. The Mocanaqua Coal Company. Operations were begun on the property in 1837, under the superintendence of Henry Colt. A small quantity of coal was mined during the winter months. The prop- erty was sold to Carey & Hart, who operated the works during the winter months until 1856, when Jedediah Irish organized the Mocanaqua Coal Company and purchased the works, which he operated up to 1865. Dupont Bro- thers, of Wilmington, Del, then purchased the property and increased the number of acres to 1,900. They worked the mines until 1872, when the men struck for higher wages and were all discharged. The works were closed and have not been started since. The engine in the breaker was 100 horse-power, and the breaker has a capacity of 1,000 tons daily. The works were of the most complete kind. The company had their own ma- chine and repair shops. The coal was mined about one mile from the breaker, which was on the east bank of the river, opposite Shickshinny. They employed about 500 men, and owned thirty tenant houses. Reformed Church. The Reformed congregation in Conyngham began its history in 1820. In July, 1820, the Rev. John N. Zeizer visited this and adjoining townships, preaching trial ser- mons with a view of becoming pastor. He preached one year as a licentiate, and was ordained by the Synod of Reading in September, 1821. The congregation was im- mediately organized, and remained undt-r the pastoral care of Rev. Mr. Zeizer for nineteen years. Near the close of the year 1839 he died and was buried in the churchyard where lie nearly all of the early settlers of Conyngham. He was followed by the Rev. Isaac Shell- hammer, who began his ministry in 1840 and continued until 1858. Mr. Shellhammer died in Black Creek town- ship, February 22nd, 1873. Rev. Henry Hoffman became pastor in the fall of 1858, and remained until 187 1. About the beginning of his pastorate the change was made from German to English, all preaching having been in German. In 1871 the congregation was connected with the North Susquehanna charge. Rev. A. R. Hotten- stein pastor. The present pastor, Rev. Tilgham Derr, took charge of the congregation in the fall of 1876. The congregation, in conjunction with the Lutherans, built a good brick church in 1833, previous to which time both societies had worshiped in the school-house. During the pastorate of Rev. Mr. Derr the church has been repaired. Both societies continue to use it. The present officers of the church are: Joseph Hess and Philip Weiss, elders; M. J.' Harter and A. D. Brader deacons. There are 115 communicants. The history of the Lutheran congregation is identical with that of the Reformed congregation, except that each congregation had its own minister. St. John's Evangelical Church. The society bearing this name has always been under the charge of the pastors located in Hollenback town- ship, and was organized about the sarai time. Meetings were held in the school-house until 1867, when a church was built. There are now 55 communicants. DALLAS TOWNSHIP. -f DALLAS township was formed from Kingston in 1817, and embraces a portion of one of the " certified townships," called Bedford. It was named in honor of Ale.Kander J. Dal- las, of Philadelphia. Ephraim McCoy, a Revolutionary soldier, erected the first log house near or on the pres- ent site of Dallas borough, in 1797. A small log cabin T J**^ *^»:;^rii3'^i'^v-. RESIDENCE OF D"? F.M.BRUNDAGE.CONYNGHAM, LUZERNE CO., PA. ^ RES. OF SAMUEL BENNER.CONYNGHAM , LUZERNE CO.,PA. DALLAS TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH. 245 •f had been previously erected, which was supposed to have been a hunter's cabin, without floors, and showing evi- dences of having been standing for several years. The second residence was built soon after McCoy's, by Wil- liam Briggs. Daniel Spencer, John Wort and John Kelley, Revolu- tionary soldiers, Elara Spencer, J. Mears, John and John Honeywell, jr., William Honeywell, Isaac Montanye and two Ayers brothers were among the first settlers. In iSo8 William Honeywell came from New Jersey, bought five hundred acres of land and completed a log house upon it which had been partly built, and in the following year built a frame addition to it, the first frame building erected in Dallas. R. M. Duffy did the carpenter work. The first saw-mill in Dallas was built in 1813 by Judge Baldwin, on a branch of Toby's creek. The second one was built in i8i8, on Toby's creek, by Christian Rice; the ruins of it are yet to be seen on lands owned by his son, Capt. Jacob Rice, in Dallas borough. This mill was in use until 1875. Among the pioneer preachers were Marmaduke Pierce (now a Doctor of Divinity in the M. E. Church) and Benjamin Bidlack, a Revolutionary soldier, who was at the siege of Yorktown. Religious meetings were held in the rude residences until the school-houses were built, after which services were held in them. The first school-house was erected in Dallas (now Dal- las borough) in 1816, of hewn logs, by William Honey- well, Philip Shaver (who gave the site), William Hunt and John Honeywell. Peter B. Roushey built the first tavern in Dallas, at the fork of the village, and sold grog. Other taverns were kept by Miles C. Orr and Jacob Miers. Almond Goss built and conducted the first store, about 1840. Charles Harris and his father made the first clear- ing in Dallas. They came from the adjoining section, found a desirable tract, chopped one day and returned home. They were never able to find the place again; this was soon after the Wyoming massacre. Henry Hagaman was the first post-rider through Dal- las. He carried the mail from Wilkes-Barre to Bow- man's creek. Among the early marriages were those of Abram S. Honeywell to Miss Lydia Hawk, and Joseph Montanye to a Miss Spencer, both on the same day in 1820. The former is now a resident of Wyoming, aged eighty-eight years. Demon Spencer was the first white child born in Dallas. Among the first deaths were those of the wife of John Honeywell and a Mr. Hunt. Peter Ryman was the first and only pettifogger in Dallas, and proved his ability by his many successes. The first justice of the peace was Thomas Irwin. Jacob Rice owned the first painted house, in 1843. He purchased the first spring buggy owned in Dallas in 1837. Abram S. Honeywell owned the first cast-iron plow, and William J. Honeywell the first patent wagon brake in Dallas. The first tannery was built by Edgar Marsh in 1848. It was burned and a new one erected, owned by John Lawler, who manufactured large quantities of leather annually. There are two post-offices in the township. Kunkle was named for J. Wesley Kunkle, who was appointed the first postmaster. Ketchum post-office was named for Hon. W. W. Ketchum, judge of the supreme court and member of Congress. Sanford Morse was the first and is the present postmaster. The early records having been destroyed, no account of the first township meeting, or of other interesting mat- ter concerning its organization and much of its subse- quent history, can be obtained. The present board of officers is constituted as follows: Justice, Samuel Hess; judge of elections, A. B. Shaver; inspectors of elections, S. Warden, A. Ayers; constable, W. J. Riley; assessor, G. P. Anderson ; supervisors, Samuel Vanscoy, J. B. Honeywell, John Spencer, Joseph Hoover, Theodore Major, Jacob Nulto'n; auditors, Harrison Honeywell, S. A. Spencer; treasurer, W. K. Goss; overseers of poor, R. B. Wilson, T. A. Kriedler; school directors, W. P. John- son, Robert Halley; clerk, T. M. Lazo. The area of Dallas is twenty-one square miles, the much larger portion of which is cleared and cultivated. Farming and lumbering are the principal occupations of the citizens. There are eight saw mills in operation, which manufacture large quantities of lumber annually for the Pittston and Wilkes-Barre markets. Smith & Garrahan and Ryman & Sons are among the most ex- tensive lumber merchants. Pittston and Wilkes-Barre are also the markets for grain, cattle, leather and other products. The population of the township is 879. DALLAS BOROUGH. HE organization of Dallas borough was effected for the purpose of protecting the interests of the high school. The charter was granted April 2ist, 1879, and on the 13th of May the following officers were chosen at a special election held at Raub's Hotel: D wight Wolcott, burgess; Parkerson Perrego, high constable; Wil- liam Snyder and John Ferguson, inspectors; Barney Stroud, judge of election; school directors, Leonard Ma- chell and James Garrahan, for three years, Chester White and J. B. Williamson for two years, Barney Stroud and Parkerson Perrego for one year; auditors, William J. Honeywell for three years. Doctor C. A. Spencer for two years, Thomas Garrahan for one year; assessors, William J. Honeywell and John Ferguson; council, Capt. Jacob Rice, Ira D. Shaver, Theodore F. Ryman, William Snyder, Charles Henderson, and Philip T. Raub. Charles H. Cook was appointed justice of the peace. At the first annual election, held February 17th, 1880, the same officers were elected except one auditor and one inspector, viz: Smith Perrego, in place of Thomas ^ ^ 246 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Garrahan resigned, and Adney Snyder in place of William Snyder. The borough's population is 272. Business Enterprises. Dallas is connected by telephone with Wilkes-Barre and Harvey's Lake. In 1878 a company was formed and the line built at a cost of about $800. The company consists of the following named gentlemen, and is called the " Dallas Telephone Company:" H. S. Rutter, E. p. Darling, William J. Honeywell, W. P. Ryman, T. F. and J. J. Ryman, G. M. Lewis, and Dr. C. A. Spencer. A daily mail arrives from Wilkes-Barre by a stage, which also carries passengers, express matter, etc. There is but one hotel in Dallas, Andrew Raub pro- prietor, and this is the only place where intoxicating liquors are sold. The dry goods and grocery trade is represented by Ryman & Sons, Smith & Garrahan, and Ira D. Shaver. C. H. Hall is proprietor of the first and only drug store in town. C. A. Spencer, M. D., and James G. Laing, M. D., represent the medical profession. William Brickie carries on undertaking and cabinet making. The post-ofifice in the borough was instituted in 1825, and Joseph Shunk was appointed postmaster. The pres- ent postmaster is C. H. Hall. The Dallas High School was founded in 1879, by the following liberal minded gentlemen: Leonard Machell, William J. Honeywell, James Garrahan, Esq., J. G. Laing, M. D., William Sny- der, William P. Kirkendall, Joseph Atherholt, Andrew Raub, Joseph Shaver, Capt. Jacob Rice, Ira D. Shaver, Chester White, Theodore F. Ryman, C. A. Spencer, M. D., G. W. Kirkendall, J. J. Ryman. In 1878 the beautiful and well arranged high school building was erected at a cost of about $3,500, including site. It is situated on an eminence with a commanding view, with grounds beautiful and spacious, nicely shaded with maples, and offering a fine opportunity to students for healthful exercise. The founders have kindly given the use of the building to the school directors of Dallas borough for the ad- vancement of the school interest in the borough. This school furnishes instruction in all those branches of edu- cation which legitimately belong to an institution of the kind. In selecting the subjects for study, two objects have been kept in view: the thorough and symmetrical discipline of the mental powers and the acquisition of knowledge. The following departments of study are jirovided: common English, higher English, ancient languages, modern languages, commercial department. The first principal of the school was Prof. John T. Fuller, a graduate of Lafayette College and a young man of high culture, sterling character and moral worth. He died on the 21st of January, 1880, deeply mourned by patrons and students and all with whom he mingled. He was assisted by Miss Lettie Kitchen, of Dallas. The present principal is Prof. W. P. Taylor, a gradu- ate of Lafayette College and a teacher of large experi- ence and signal success in his profession. He is assisted by Miss Lydia A. Seward, of New Columbus. The high school of Dallas has attained a degree of success and importance highly satisfactory to its founders and the public, and is receiving a liberal patronage at home and from abroad. The efforts of the directors are being put forth to make this school second to none of its class, and the utmost care is observed by the faculty in promo- ting the moral, intellectual and physical welfare of stu- dents. Religious Societies. In 1854 the M. E. church edifice was erected, at a cost of $T,ooo. It was built on contract by Almond Goss, of Dallas. The following named gentlemen were the trustees at that time: William J. Honeywell, Abraham Ryman, Simeon Spencer, Richard S. Ryman, William C. Roushey, Christian Rice, Jacob Rice, 2nd. Rev. F. A. King is the present pastor. There are several branch societies in the township which use the school-houses for religious services. Their present pastor is F. A. King. Lodges. Oneida Lodge, No. 371, /. O. O. F. was organized at Huntsville, August 20th, 1849, by G. D. Wolcott, repre- rentative of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, with 20 charter members. It was removed to Dallas and held its first meeting there April 14th, i860. The following is the list of officers at the time of re- moval: Henry Space, N. G.; George W. Kirkendall, V. G.; P. H. Delong, S.; A. S. Orr, A. S.; James Honey- well, T. The present board of officers are: W^. G. Riley, N. G.; H. M. Hagaman, V. G.; George P. Anderson, S.; Gecrge Wilson, A. S.; Ira D. Shaver, T. The following have been the past grands since the lodge was instituted: T. D. Harris, J. T. Miers, Amos Brown, A. Baldwin, S. C. Mandevllle, S. P. Ide, J. W. Fuller, W. M. Houser, J. O. Ide, David Ide, J. S. Ide, Nelson Miers, Joseph Sweitzer, William Major, A. Brown, Henry Space, G. W. Kirkendall, A. S. Orr, P. H. Delong, Jacob Johnson, James Honey- well, Thomas Irwin, J. B. Williamson, R. A. Whiteman, James M. Donley, Jameson Meeker, James Sweezy, Samuel Miers, L. B. Shaver, W. P. Kirkendall, Henry Randall, J. B. Willis, T. J. Miei-s, W. H. Lowe, J. Wesley Spencer, Dwight Wolcott, Lyman Harris, Ira S. Gordon, 0. L. Fisher, John H. Lowe, A. N. Ide, E. W. Lathrop, W. P. Shaver, Thomas Kreidler, L. M. Rice, James E. Durland, George P. Anderson, Thomas Garrahan, Parkerson Perrego, Harrison Honeywell. The lodge has a membership of 56. George M. Dallas Lodge, No. 531, F. and A. M. was organized under a dispensation of the Grand Lodge of the State of Pennsylvania, by E. P. Kingsbury, D. D. G. M., March ist, 1875, with the following charter members: Asa B. Shaver, Ira D. Shaver, William Bennet, Joseph M. Shaver, Theodore F. Ryman, Philip T. Raub, James Garrahan. The first officers were: Asa B. Shaver, W. M.; Theodore F. Ryman, S. W.; James Garrahan, J. W.; Philip T. Raub, Sec; J. D. Shaver, Treas. Present offi- cers: Philip T. Raub, W. M.; Ziba B. Rice, S. W.; Lewis R. Shaver, J. W.; Theodore F. Ryman, Treas.; Charles H. Cook, Sec. The past masters are Asa B. Shaver, m^ SOLDIERS OF DALLAS BOROUGH— DENISON TOWNSHIP. 247 Theodore F. Ryman, James Garrahan, Joseph M. Shaver, Ira D. Shaver. The membership is increasing in num- ber and influence, and includes some of the best citizens of Dallas. The Military. Some of the early residents of Dallas had been sol- diers of the Revolution. Among these were Benjamin Bidlack, Daniel Spencer, John Wort, John Kelley and Ephraim McCoy. Dallas furnished its complete quota for the civil war. From its pine crowned hills went sturdy yeomen with willing hearts to sustain the flag their fathers bore to honorable and successful battle for liberty and the right. Company F of the 53d Pennsylvania volunteers was or- ganized in Dallas, under the direction of Capt. Rice, of Dallas, and consisted of one hundred men, a portion of whom enlisted from neighboring townships. This com- pany performed well its part in the war, and returned laden with honors, though greatly reduced in numbers. Other citizens of Dallas enlisted in various commands, this being the only organization with its rendezvous in Dallas township. Captain Rice is the representative military man of Dallas. He was commissioned first lieutenant in the 115th Pennsylvania militia, May 6th, 1839; captain of the Dallas rifle company, August 20th, 1849; captain of the Dallas artillery, November isth, 1857; lieutenant colonel of the Rhodes regiment in 1859; quartermaster of the iSth Pennsylvania volunteers May ist, 1861, for three months, and of the 53d October 12th, 1861; re- ceived recommendations from line officers of his regi- ment to General Hancock, commanding the 2nd corps, and to General Ingalls, chief quartermaster of the U. S. army, for the appointment of captain and quartermaster in his brigade; but he did not present his recommenda- tions to the Secretary of War on account of the pressing need of his presence at home. Myron Strickland enlisted in Dallas September 1st, 1861, with Captain Rice, of the 53d. He was wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., May 3d, 1863, by a minie ball, which penetrated his clothing and lodged in a -New Tes- tament which he carried in his left side pocket. The shock was a severe one and he has never entirely recov- ered. He was again wounded at Gettysburg, July 2nd, 1863. He was a prisoner seven months, at Libby, Salis- bury and Belle Isle. DENISON TOWNSHIP. i, HIS township was taken from Hanover -in No- vember, 1S39. November isth, 1855, Foster was taken off, and Bear Creek April 7th, 1856. Justices of the peace from Denison have been chosen as follows: Abiathar Tuttle, 1840; Joseph H.Taylor, 1840; Lucius Blakeslee, 1845; Thomas Morrison, 1845, 1850, 1855; Harvey Lloyd, 1853; George Wharen, 1867, 1872; Henry H. Wood, "873, 1878. The township was named in honor of Colo- nel Nathan Denison, of Wyoming battle fame. While the forests remained to furnish the supply, lum- bering was the only business. Nearly the whole popula- tion of the township is centered in the southeast comer along the Lehigh river, between the borough of White Haven and the mouth of Wright's creek. The first settler in this township of any enterprise was Israel Inman. He followed the Nescopeck creek through what is now the townships of Black Creek, Sugar- loaf and Butler, and three quarters of the way across this township, and located about half a mile below where the Lehigh and Susquehanna railroad crosses the Nesco- peck west of the tunnel. This is up among the head waters of the Nescopeck, and was at chat time a dense wilderness. Here Mr. Inman built a rude log house and a saw-mill, the first of their kind in the township. This was in 1833. He also built a forge or triphammer shop, and " Inman's Works" soon became known throughout the southeastern portion of Luzerne county. He was also the owner of a large tract of land in the immediate vicinity of his shop and mill. For several years he was the successful business man of his part of the township, but at length trade was drawn to the Lehigh, and the mildew of time has hidden every vestige of the place once so well known as " Inman's Works." Soon after Inman came others followed, and in a short time there were several saw-mills along the Nescopeck, all of which have either gone to decay or are suffering for want of business. The southeast corner of the township was next settled, and in 1835 the first house was built there by A. P. Childs. Later in the same year John Lines, jr., built another house. In 1838 this place was called Middle- burg, and a post-office of that name was established. The neighborhood, being just above the upper dam on the Lehigh and adjoining White Haven, was soon aban- doned as a business point, and the post-office was abol- ished as soon as White Haven was made a town. Middle- burg being only a continuation up stream of the larger village. The first tavern at Middleburg was built in 1850, and kept by John and Frank Lynch. It is still standing, on the upper side of the road. There were several stores and shops at this place, all of which have been aban- doned. The first road of any importance in or through this township was the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre road, cut out and partially built by the Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company in 1837. It ran diagonally across the township, in a northwesterly direction, from the southeast corner of the township, adjoining White Haven. It crosses the Nescopeck creek about a mile below where Inman's works were located. Until the railroad was built this was the only route between Wilkes-Barre and Mauch Chunk. By leaving Wilkes-Barre in the morning by this route, and taking the swift sailing packet " Washington'' at White Haven, one would arrive at Mauch Chunk in time for supper, if not particular about eating early in the *ih 4'^ ^h 248 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. evening. The great freshet of 1862 ruined the canal, and in 1863 the Lehigh Valley Company commenced building their road between Mauch Chunk and Wilkes- Barre. Passenger trains began running in 1865, super- seding all travel by stage coach through Denison. The Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company ran a parallel road between the two places, also crossing the town- ship. The present business of the township is confined to one steam saw-mill at Middleburg in the southeast corner of the township, Braden & Brown's steam mill on Crissy creek, two mills on the Nescopeck creek and the Luzerne ochre works at Moosehead, where is a sta- tion on the Lehigh Valley Railroad and a post-office; Mr. Bell post-master. Denison's population is 976. DORRANCE TOWNSHIP. JEW JERSEY furnished the early settlers of Dorrance, who located along the creeks. Among the pioneers in the south part of the township were the families of Eroh, White- bread, Heller, Werner, Rhineheimer, Ei- lenbrout, Woodring and Balliett; in the north half, the families of Myers, Bleim, Vandemark, Engler, Lutz, Stuart and Heimbach. The numerous de- scendants of these families chiefly make up the present population of the township, which is 639. In the early days the land was covered with a dense forest, affording ample material for the manufacture of lumber at the various saw-mills which were soon built. As late as 1873, there were no less than nine saw-mills in the township, one of which was a steam mill built by E. Gruver on the west side of the township. The only tan- nery is the one built by F. K. Miller and brother in the southwest corner of the township. There are two grist- mills, one on the Big Wapwallopen south of Dorrance corners, and the other on the Little Wapwallopen in the northwest corner of the township. Dorrance was taken from Newport and formed into a township in November, 1840, and named in honor of the late Benjamin Dorrance of this county. The following are the names and dates of election of justices of the peace chosen in this township since its formation: Thomas Finn, 1841, 1850, 1862, 1872, 1877; Matthew H. Engler, 1845; Enos Seiple, 1854; Samuel I. Horlacher, 1856; Samuel Shelhammer, i860; George D. Engler, 1873; Abraham Guldin, 1878. Dorrance Corners. Dorrance Corners, the only village, is located near the center of the township. It was here that two of the pio- neer settlers made their " pitch," and from their humble beginning has grown the hamlet known as Dorrance Corners. Here are a hotel, a store, a school-house, blacksmith, wagon and shoe shops, and about 75 inhabi- tants. Churches. Stairsville Methodist Episcopal Church. — The Method- ist society in this township was organized under the ministry of Rev. Messrs. Moyster and Owen, when the country was yet a wilderness and when the townships of Dorrance, Hollenback, Slocum, Conyngham and Nes- copeck '^f!^ in the old Hanover circuit. Some of the early members were John Arnold, George Stair and wife, John Hawk and wife, Stephen Lee and wife, and George Moon and wife. In the days of the itinerants Moyster and Owen, preaching services were held in log houses and barns, and in suitable weather in the groves, until the building of the school-house in the northwest corner of the town- ship near the site of the present M. E. church, when that school-house was used until 1873. In 1873 Rev. Josiah Wagner was on this charge, and under his administration the church was built at a cost of about $1,800. The pastors who have served this people since Mr. Wagner are Revs. J. T. Burall, Wilson, Trieble, William Ruggles, William Edgar and Rev. J. A. Transur, the present pastor. The first superintendent of the Sunday- school connected with the church was Stephen Lee, and the present superintendent is Lyman Engler. The church property is valued at $2,000. Etnanuel Church. — This church is about half a mile southwest from Dorrance Corners. It was built by the Lutheran and Reformed societies and occupied jointly by them. The corner stone was laid and the church dedicated according to the usages of the two denomina- tions. It cost about $3,000. It was dedicated by Rev. Messrs. Day and Cline. The Reformed church was organized at the school- house at Dorrance Corners about 1850. The members at that time were Daniel Bougl.man, John and Elias Keiner, Jonas and John Searfoss, Peter Erbb and Daniel, Wil- liam, Adam and Thomas Moyer. Rev. J. Shelhammer was their first pastor and remained about twelve years. He was succeeded by Rev. Messrs. Solomon, Henry Hoff- man, Cline and John McClemens in succession. The present membership is 80. The first Sunday-school su- perintendent was S. H. Holleker; there were 40 mem- bers. The Sunday-school is under the superintendence of A. Guldin, and averages 60 pupils. The Lutheran church was organized at Schlear's store in Dorrance, with A Guldin, Henry Schenbread, Ble- man Morgan, Henry Hoffman, Solomon Spade, Nicholas Hildebrand and Samuel Snyder as members. The pres- ent membership is 60. The first Sunday-school super- intendent was George Moore, and there were 35 scholars. The present superintendent is Simon Erbb. There is an average of 60 scholars. 4^ T 4 GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, BLACK CREEK, BUTLER, FOSTER, HAZLE AND SUGARLOAF TOWNSHIPS, FREELAND, HAZLETON, JEDDO AND WHITE HAVEN BOROUGHS. SAHUEIj benneu. Samuel Benner is a native of Corentry, Chester county, Pa., and was born October Stii, 1816. He is a surveyor, land ag-ent and ■ f uriaer. He married Miss Susannah Bull, of Butlor township. Mr. Benner was for- merly a foundryman, and was justice of the peace several years. J!'. M. BRTTNDAGE, M. D. Frank M. Brundage, M. D., assistivnt sui-geon of the 9th regiment na- tional guards Pennsylvania, was born in Conynghaiu, Pa., August 18th, 1851, and married Miss Ella M. Young, of Lebanon, Pa. He is a practic- ing physician at Conyngham. AUGUST DONOP. August Donop, of Treeland, was bom in Bremen, Germany, August 83d, 1829. He is a boolckeepcr and dealer in real estate, and has held all the offices in Foster township. His wife was Margaretha Myers, of New rork. HON. G. W. DRUM. Hon. George W. Drum is a native of Conyngham, and was born March 13th, 1832. He is now a fai-mer. Mrs. Drum was Miss Sarah A. Wagner, of Conyngham. Mr. Drum served as Justice of the peace nineteen years, and was a representative in the Legislature for 1879 and 1880. S. D. ENGIiE. Stephen D. Engle, whose scientific and mechanical inventions have given him a national if not a world-wide fame, was born in Sugarloaf township, Luzerne county. Pa., December 18th, 1837. When young he enjoyed no other advantages for education than were afforded by the oommonschoolsof that day, but he has been an inveterate reader, es- pecially of scientific works, and has tlnis acquired rare intelligence. Since arriving at maturity he has been a resident of Hazleton, in his na- tive county, where he married a daughter of Joseph Grcnawalt, Esq., a wealthy and public spirited citizen of that borough. When the rebels entered Pennsylvania in 18«3 Mr. Engle served with the "emergency men " until the soil of his native State was no longer pressed by hostile feet. Mr Engle's father was a watchmaker as well as a farmer, and the subject of this sketch became the leading watchmaker and jeweler of Hazleton. He also studied and for a number of years practiced dent- istry in connection with his business as a jeweler. One of his inventions is "Engle's Patent for Securing Porcelain Teeth to Gold or Silver Plates." The " Association for the Protection of the Kights of Dentists" officially approved this device and hastened to secure an assignment and abandonment to the public of the patent. Another invention of in- trinsic worth is " Engle's Dust Proof Watch Case," aitording such pro- tection to the movement as would not now be dispensed with by manu- facturers of the best watches. The first astronomical, musical and apostoUc clock ever built in the United States was invented and built by Mr. Engle, and it has never been equaled in automatic wonders, or in the scientific accuracy of the astronomical mechanism. So absorbed was Mr. Engle in the planning and construction of this clock that he after- wards wrote to a friend : " During the last j'ear before its completion I had no night or day, but slept when I was sleepy and ate when I was hungry, without any regard to old Sol." It was perhaps fortunate for him that he was a disciple of Nimrod and Izaak Walton, for without the recreation found in his hunting and flshnig excursions he would probably have succumbed long ago to an excess of brain work and confinement to rooms flUed with machinery, crucibles, metals and acids. Captain Jacob Keid has exhibited this clock to crowded houses in every part of the country and Canada. A description of this grand piece of mechanism, with its forty-eight movmg figures, its movements iUustrating day and night, changes of seasons, ebbing and flowing ol tides and other phenomena, cannot here be given. Suffice it to say that everywhere the press was loud in its praise. While Joel Cook, Esq., one of the editors of the Puhlic Ledver, of Philadelphia, wasvisitmg Sti-asburg in 1878, he saw the renowned Strasburg clock, and m his book entitled "A Holiday Trip to Europe" he makes the following comparison: " The Engle clock, which has been exhibited in Philadel- phia, is not so large, and yet does all that this clock does, and much more, and does it better." The latest invention of Mr. Engle is " Engle s Tellurion." For iUustrating celestial as well as terrestrial phenomena this is far in advance of any apparatus hitherto constructed. It is the (raly apparatus yet in c.vistcnce that shows the true motion of the earth around the sun in an actual eUipse. Tlie parallelism of the axis is at all times preserved and all the phenomena of the changes of day and night and of the seasons, the greater length of time the sun remains north than soxith of the equator, etc., etc., are clearly shown. This instrument shows the length of the day imd night at any season of the year in any latitude, as well as the heavenly constellations visible at any hour in any and every season of the year. The moon is seen in its gibbous and crescent phases as well as with a full enlightened hemisphere and in total darkness, its place being in a mask or hollow hemisphere with the convex surface thereof black. This invention has attracted the atten- tion of astronomers and teachers, and it is believed that nearly all the best institutions of learning in the land will possess themselves of it when it becomes an article of manufacture and sale. Parties have en- deavored to negotiate with Mr. Engle with a view to the manufacture of this improved tellurion, but the inventor has thus far been engaged during his leisure moments in considering further improvements in the machinery and has not entertained any of tliese propositions. Stephen D. Engle is universally recognized by his neighbors as an tipright, hon- orable and kind-hearted mau. No case of suitering or distress ever came to his knowledge without enlisting his sympathy, and to awaken his sympathy is to open his purse strings. GEORGE HUGHES. George Hughes, of HnghesviUe, was born in Danville, Pa., Febi'uary 18th, 1811, and married Barbara Shidey, of Butler, Pa. He is a farmer, miller and lumberman. ALFRED MOMUHTRIE. Alfred McMurtrie, a native of Sugarloaf, was bom August 33nd, 1830. His wife was Sarah Attn, of Upper Mount Bethel, Pa. He was lieuten- ant in the Stockton Artillerists in 1846, has been school director for several years, and is the present town auditor. John McMurtrie came from New Jersey and settled in Sugarloaf in 1808. J. L. SHOjMAN, m. t>. J. L. Shuman, M. D., the only physician at Wapwallopen, was born April 11th, 185J,, in Mai ii viUe, Pa. In the spring of 1871 ho commenced reading medicine with Dr. D. H. Montgomery, of Miffliuville. He grad- uated from Jetterson College, and located at Wapwallopen, where he has an extensive practice. His father, George Shuman, was born Novem- ber 3-lth, 1806. Dr. Shuman's wife was Miss Frances B. Heller, daughter of A. Heller, Esq., who was born in 1813. NATHAN S.VYDBR. Nathan Snyder, farmer, was born October 31st, 1816. His wife was Miss Eachael i'ost, of Butler. p. V. WEAVER. Philip V. Weaver, attorney and counsellor at law in Hazleton, was born in Black Creek township. Pa., March llth, 1855. S. JJ. YOST. S. D. Yost, formerly a merchant and at present a farmer, was born in Sugarloaf township, December 3d, 1837. His wife was Miss Maria San- toe, of Butler township. He held the appointment of revenue store keeper of the 12th district of Pennsylvania for two years, ending Octo- ber Z3d, 1878. WiLM AM AiKEY was boru at Beaver Meadow, Pa., May 18th, 1843. His wife was Miss Lizzie B. Simmons, of Stockton, Pa. Mr. Airey was lieu- tenant in Company A 28th Pennsylvania volunteers, and was wounded at ChanoeUorsville, Va. He is now superintendent of coal mines at Stockton, Pa. E. A. Albee, a resident of Lehigh Tannery, Carbon county, was born in Hunterdon county, N. J., August 30th, 1833. Mrs. Albee is of Foster township. Egbert C. Albertson, of East Haven, Carbon county, was born in Sussex county, N. J., November 3nd, 1813, and in 1836 was inari-ied to Miss Sally Ann Bratz, of Pocono township, Monroe county. Pa. Mr. Albertson served as a captain in the militia four years, and has been a member of the borough council of White Haven six years, and treasurer of the borough three yeiu-s. He has been engaged in lumbering. 2Z.SA *^^ ^k 248^ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 4= John J. Baker, jr., is a druggist of White Haven, and a councilman of the borough. He was born in Weat Philadelphia, Pa., February 25th, 1856. J. Foster BaebekIs a dealer in and manufacturer of all kinds of hardware, tin and copper ware, on West Broad street, Hazleton. He was bom in New Berlin, Pa., December 3d, 1842. John A. Barton, a member of the borough council of Hazleton, and chief clerk for Pardee & Co., was born March 1st, 1834, in Espy, Columbia county. Pa. C. M. Bates, a dealer in stoves and tinware in Hazleton, was born in Light Street, Columbia county, Pa., March 18th, 1855. Heney Baum was born in Germany, September 30th, 1846. He came to America in 1850, and located in Hazleton in May of that year. In 1874 he engaged in the manufacture and sale of boots and shoes on Main street, which occupation he still follows. A. Beheens, a brick manufacturer and coal dealer In Hazleton, was born in Germany, March 23d, 1816. He married Miss Lucy Jane Lyman, of Danville, Pa. W. H. Bbisel was born at Drum's, June 19th, 1847, and married M. S. Gulp, of Conyngham, Pa. He was formerly a merchant and is now a farmer. Beuben Beisel, merchant at 128 West Broad street, Hazleton, was born February 11th, 1839, in Butler township. His wife was Mary H. Lawall, of Hazleton. Daniel Bertsch, superintendent of mines for the Upper Lehigh Coal Company, was born in Mauch Chunk, Pa. Thomas Bettekly was born in Drum's, May 5th, 1825. His wife was Henrietta Celiax, of Butler. Mr. Betterly is a farmer. Henry P. Bied is a retired miller and farmer. He was born in Columbia county. Pa., February 6th, 1818, and located in Conyngham in 1841. His first wife was Margaret Davis, and his second wife Catharine Smith. Thomas Biekbeok, of (Jpper Lehigh, was born in Foster township, June 1st, 1846, and married Miss Margaret Sneddon, of Audenreid, Pa. He is a butcher and a dealer in real estate. He enlisted July 11th, 1864, in Company G 179th Pennsylvania volunteers, and was discharged after one hundred days. Jonas Bittenbender was born in Nescopeck township, August 10th, 1818, and has been township supervisor and constable. He is a black- smith and wheelwright. His wife was Miss Caroline Lutz, of Mifflin, Pa. Charles Book was born in East Brunswick, Pa., March 19th, 1838. His wife was Sabina S. Brobst, of Conyngham. Mr. Bock was formerly a wagon maker, and is now a farmer. He was elected a justice of the peace in 1877. Samuel Bower, of Philadelphia, Pa., was bom in that city, April 7th, 1833. His wife was Harriet Etta Vaughan, also of Philadelphia. Mr. Bower enlisted in September, 1803, in Company G Gray reserves, and was discharged in October, 1863. He is master mechanic in the bureau of engineering and construction for Coxe Brothers & Co. Thomas Bowman, of Conyngham, was born in Mifflin, Columbia county, Pa., December 18th, 1808, and married Miss Mary Dunn, of Con- yngham. He is a retired farmer. Thomas Beown, of Sandy Kun, was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, De- cember 26th, 1845. He is now in the mining business. He enlisted Au- gust 11th, 1862, in the 147th Pennsylvania volunteers, and served during the war. His wife was Fanny Edwards, of Jeddo, Pa. James Bryson, formerl,v district attorney of Columbia county, Pa., and now practicing law in Hazleton, was bom April 8th, 1845, in Phila- delphia, Pa. His wife was Miss Harriet A. Harder, of Catawissa, Pa. Robert Carter, jr., is a mine mechanic in Stockton, Pa. He was born in Cornwall, England, August 16th, 1845, and married Miss Mattie Airey, of Hazleton, Pa. J. B. Casselberry, a medical and surgical practitioner of Hazleton, was born in May, 1833, in Pottstown, Montgomery county, Pa. He mar- ried Miss Amanda Brundage, of Conyngham. F. A. Celiax, general grocer at 8 East Broad street, Hazleton, was born in Saxony, Germany, January 38th, 1838, and married Martha Schmauch, of Beaver Meadow, Pa. Thomas Charlton, of Sandy Kun, is a native of Dui'ham, England, and was born April 4th, 1838. He is an inside mine boss. His wife was Miss Margaret Wilson. Bradley Childs, lumberman, was bom in Stoddavdsville, December 5th, 1819, and married Miss Margary S. Wilson, of Danville. Mr. Childs was formerly a millwright. David Clark is master mechanic of the Lehigh valley railroad shops at Hazleton. He was born June 8th, 1821, in Stroudsburg, Pa. Bev. J. M. Clemens was born in New Berlin, Union county. Pa., Jan- uary 27th, 1837, and married Miss Lizzie B. Titus, of Lancaster, Pa. He is the pastor of the Eeformed church at Conyngham. J. T. Coburn, carpenter for G. B. Markle & Co. at Oak Dale colliery, was born in Durham, England, August 10th, 1846. He enlisted August 11th, 1802, in Co. F 147th Pennsylvania volunteers, and was in the battles of Lookout Mountain, Mission Eidge, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg and others. He married Miss Annie Koch, of Hazleton. Benjamin Cochean, proprietor of the Mansion House, White Haven, was born in Somerset, March 17th, 1853. CosMAE Coons is a dealer in ready made clothing at No. 20 West Broad street, Hazleton. M. M. COOPEE, a coal operator of Hazleton, was born September 23nd, 1817, in Berwick, Pa. His wife was Miss Susanna Williams, of Strouds- burg, Pa. EOBEBT Cowans, a breaker boss for G. B. Markle & Co. at Oak Dale colliery, was born in Northumberland county, England, March 13th, 1833. He married Miss Eliza Woodring, of Butler township. EOKLEY B. CoxE, the coal operator at Drifton, is a grandson of the late Hon. Tench Coxe, the pioneer coal operator of this section. E. D. Ceamee, superintendent of the K. I. Company, White Haven, was born in Cumberland county, N. J., May 18th, 1830. He was formerly engaged in farming. L. B. Crellin, assistant agent for the Lehigh Valley Bailroad Com- pany, was born in White Haven, August 8th, 1855. John Cunius, a native of Butler township, was born October 26th, 1840. He was formerly a carpenter and joiner and at present is a dairy farmer. He enlisted in Co. K 13th Pennsylvania cavalry August 19th, 1863; was appointed a sergeant; was discharged July 14th, 1865, at Eal- eigh, N. C. He married Lavina Drasher, of Butler. John Cunningham, of Drifton, assistant superintendent and boss carpenter for Coxe Brothers & Co., was born in County Derry, Ireland, May 2nd, 1828. His wife was Eebecca J. Dougherty, of Coleraine, Ire- land. B. H. B. Davenpoet, M. D., was born in Bichmond, Va., September 27th, 1841. He graduated from a medical college in Georgia in 1864, and located at White Haven in 1875. His wife was Miss Florence Anders, of Maryland. William Deisroth was born at Seybertsville, Pa., February 28th, 1850. His wife was Miss Jennie Eisenhauer, of Nazareth, Pa. Mr. Deis- roth is engaged in the grocery business at Hazleton. Peter Dershuok, publisher and proprietor of the Hazleton Volksblatt, was born January 14th, 1839, in Wendelsheim, Hesse Darmstadt, Ger- many, and married Miss Mary Schwab, of France. Mes. Maroaretha Donop, of Preeland, was born in Bremen, Ger- many, June 13th, 1833. She was the owner of the site of Freeland. Henry J. Donop, of Freeland, was born in Hoboken, N. J., December 13th, 1858. He Is now station agent and telegraph operator at Jeddo. Brastus S. Doud was bom in Madison, Conn., July 29th, 1849, and married Miss Ella A. Chace, of Soranton. He is cashier of the Hazleton Savings Bank. G. F. Deiesbach is a wholesale dealer in liquors, dry goods, groceries, flour and feed at 37 East Broad street, Hazleton. He was born in Beach Haven, Pa., November 11th, 1840, and married Augusta H. Whitehall, of that place. JosiAH Drum was born at Dnnn's, April 13th, 1830, and married Maria M. Ballictt, of the same place. He is now a merchant. George Drum was born at Drum's, December 2nd, 1827. His wife was Emma Fi-itzinger, of Butler. He is a farmer and proprietor of Drum's Hotel. George W. Drumheller, farmer, was born in Sugarloaf township, July 14th, 1854. His wife was Miss Hannah M. Knelly, of Sugarloaf town- ship. Mr. Drumheller is a constable. Henry Drtpoos was bora in Kudenberg, Germany, in 1833. He is a real estate broker of Hazleton. Prof. A. B. Dunning, .tr., is the principal of the graded school at White Haven, having located there in 1878. He was born at Scranton, Pa., March 26th, 1853. He graduated as a civil engineer from the Starkey Seminary, Yates county, N. T., with the highest honors of his class. Christian Ernst was born in Fredewalt, Germany, June 10th, 1835, and married Susan Adeline Belf ord, of Fouudryville, Pa. Mr. Ernst is a farmer. Ho enlisted March 14th, 1864, in the 96tU Pa. volunteers, and was discharged July 5th, 1865. He was wounded at the battle of Spot- sylvania Court-house, Va. George C. Farrer, of Preeland, teacher of academic branches, was born in Orwell, Pa., March 25th, 1846. His wife was Kate A. Boston, of Berwick, Pa. O. D. PowLEE was born in Pike, Delaware county, Pa., August 19th, 1813, and married Miss Anna V. King, of Stockton, Pa. He is now super- intendent of mines at Humboldt. Lewis Frederick, farmer, a native of Eooklaud, Berks county. Pa., I was born January 15th, 1841. Ho enlisted in Company E 96th Pa. volun- <> GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 248 C teers, October 14th, 1861, and served through the civil war. He was in the battles of Spotsylvania, Antietam, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Fred- icksburg and Bull Eun. His wife was Miss Eaohael Driesbach, of Black Creek. Owen Fritzinqer, of Freeland, was born in Heidelberg, Pa., Septem- ber nth, 1837. He is a carpenter for Coxe Brothers, of Drifton. He was elected in February, 1878, as one of the town oouncilmen for three years, and also school director in 1S79. His first wife was Hebecca Woodring, of Butler, and his present wife Sarah Hess, of HoUenback township. R. B. Fruit, a physician and surgeon of Hazleton, graduated from the Jefferson Medical College in the spring of 1854. He located in Hazleton in 1863. He was born in Jersey township, Columbia county, Pa., Au- gust 13th, 1827. He married Miss Jane Longshore, of Hazleton. John Getting, farmer, residing at Conyngham, was born in Sugar- loaf, March 15th, 1833. His first wife was Miss Sarah Heimbaoh. His present wife was Miss Hannah Marie Snyder, of Sugarloaf . Mr Getting has been school director of that township. J. E. Giles entered the service of the United States August 1st, 1861, as a private in the 8th Pennsylvania cavalry, and was mustered out Sep- tember 38th, 1884, as 1st lieutenant, having pai-ticipated in B8 battles. He was born at Cayuga Falls, Ohio, September 7th, 1841. His wife was Miss M. J. Fruit, of Jerseytown, Pa. Mr. Giles is now a jeweler. Henry Gilmore, a native of Butler, was born August 31st, 1823, and married Mary M. Durst, also of Butler. He was formerly a millwright and carpenter, but is now a farmer. He was elected justice of the peace March 1st, 1863, and has held every office in the township. He was cap- tain of the Butler Artillerists in 1861. WiLUAM Goer, of Freeland, was bom in Monroe county. Pa., Janu- ary 25th, 1844. He is a blacksmith and carpenter. His wife was Mary Jane Mcintosh, of Wilkes-Barre. I. Goodman, grocer, Freeland, was born in Northumberland county. Pa., October 33d, 1823. His wife was Sarah Schurter, of SohuylkiU county, Pa. Edward D. Goodman, laborer, Freeland, was born in Schuylkill county. Pa., January 17th, 1859. John A. Gorman was born in Hazleton, September 7th, 1854. His wife was Miss Ellen Kelly, of Hazleton. He was formerly a teacher, but is now an attorney and counselor at law in Hazleton. George D. Gorman, general dealer in dry goods and groceries at 37 and 39 West Broad street, Hazleton, was born in that village, November 3d, 1848. Rev. G. T. Gray, pastor of the M. E. church in Hazleton, was born in Center county. Pa., In 1831. His wife was Miss Alice A. Mullin, of Cum- berland county. Pa. W. G. Gregory, farmer, is a native of Union township, and was born July 37th, 1847. He has been inspector, auditor and assessor. He mar- ried Miss Susan Roberts, of Black Creek township. Charles Grim was bom in Rockaway, N. J., in 1844, and married Miss Josephine Good, of Jeansville, Pa. He is chief of the coal and iron police force of Hazleton. Abraham Guldin was born August 9th, 1811, in Exeter, Pa., and is a farmer and Inmberman. His first wife was Susan Weaver, of Amity, Pa., and his second Mrs. Susannah Markle, of Black Creek, Pa. Frederick Haas, proprietor of Harmony HaU at South Heberton, was born in Gemiany, March 11th, 1830. He keeps a hardware store and shoe shop. His wife was Ann EUzabeth Noth, of New York city. Benton Haver is a foreman In the mines at Drifton. He was born in Dallas, Pa., January 4th, 1851, and married Elizabeth Miller, of Drifton. J. C HAYDONwasbominPhiladelphia, in December, 1833. He is en- gaged in coal mining at Jeansville, Pa., where he also has large machine shops. Henry Held was born in Saxony, January 30th, 1833, and married Miss Anna Link, of Germany. He is a liquor dealer at Hazleton. Milton Heller, the barber at Freeland, was born in Jeddo, April 8d, 1856. J. F. Helt was born September 11th, 1853, In Shamokin, Pa. He has been a township constable. He is a manufacturer of boots and shoes at Falls Run. His wife was Miss Lovina Roberts, of Black Creek. B. D. Henry is a native of Northampton, Pa., and was bora June ]2th, 1835. His wife was Miss Keziah Thomas, of Butler township. Mr. Henry is proprietor of the Travelers' Home. C. D. Hebron, hotel keeper at Milnesville, was born in Donegal, Ire- land, in 1847. His wife was Mary Biesline, of Drifton. William H. Hertz, D. D. S., is a graduate of the Philadelphia Dental College of the class of 1873. He was born in Milton, Pa., January 5th, 1851. He was married to Miss Ella M. Zeiglier, of Ephrata, Pa. He located in Hazleton April 1st, 1868. Thomas T. Hess is engaged in the grocery business in Hazleton. He was bom there February 9th, 1839. Mrs. Hess was Miss Barbara Mocha- mer, and was born in Butler, Pa., June 5th, 1841. S. W. Hill, miller and dealer in flour and feed, on Locust street, Hazelton, was born at Lime Ridge, Pa., January 12th, 1844. Mrs. HiU was Alice Frease, of Bear Creek, Pa. John A. Hofpsommeb is a native of Germany and was born February 10th, 1833. He is a farmer and huxter by occupation. His wife was Miss Polly Ann Roth, of Sugarloaf. Thomas Horn, of East Hazleton, is a gunsmith by trade and owns and deals in real estate. Thomas W. Howblls was born in South Wales, December 3d, 1842. His first wife was Margaret Morgan, of South Wales. His present wife was Mary Saunders, of South Wales. He is a mine boss for Coxe Bros. & Co. John Hunt, who is engaged in the livery business in Hazleton, was bom October 28th, 1838, in Hunterville, Pa. He was married to Miss Susanna Remaley, of Lehman township. J. B. Hutchinson was born at Fishing Creek, Columbia county. Pa., June 16th, 184L His wife was Miss Margaret L. Workheiser, of Mifflin- ville. Pa. Mr. Hutchinson is now a merchant at Jeansville. M.L.Hdtchins, of Falls Run, was born January 15th, 1842, in MifBin township. Pa. He enlisted October 25th, 1862, in Company M 16th regi- ment Pennsylvania cavalry ; was in the battles of ChancellorsviUe and Gettysburg and was discharged August 11th, 1865. Mrs. Hutohins was MissM.E.Tohe, of MiflSin township, Pa. Mr. Hutchins is now a mer- chant at Falls Run. Edam Jacobs, of Drum's, was bom in Butler, November 29th, 1849. He is a farmer. Silas Jacobs was born In Newport, Pa., December l4th, 1803, and mar- ried Jane McMurtrie, of Bloomsburg, N. J. He is a farmer at Drum's. J. H. Jacobs is a confectioner and baker on East Broad street, Hazle- ton. He was bom in Germany, August 35th, 1841. He enlisted during Lee's raid into Pennsylvania, and served nine weeks. His wife was Clara Bauer, of Tamaqua, Pa. William James was born in Cornwall, England,- May 15th, 1838. He is now a mine boss at Humboldt. His wife was Miss Mary Holman, of Cornwall, England. N. B. Johnson was born in Beaver Valley, Pa., May 1st, 1843, and is a miller. Mrs. Johnson was Miss Amanda Trumbell, of Black Creek. William Johnson, of Freeland, teamster, lumberman and blacksmith, was born in county Derry, Ireland, February 12th, 1835. He enlisted in the 147th Pennsylvania volunteers, August Uth, 1863, and was discharg- ed in 1863 on account of disability. His wife was Margaret Jane Birk- beck, of South Heberton. John L. Jones, of Freeland, proprietor of Jones's Hotel, was born in South Wales, March 20th, 1819. His wife was Mary Jones, of Monmouth- shire. Joseph Jones, who is engaged in the mercantile business at WUte Haven, was born November 35th, 1846, in Germany, where he married Miss Mathilda Schwaab. Henry Kaiser, proprietor of a grocery and saloon at WTiite Haven, was bom in Baden, Germany, September 11th, 1838. He married Cath- arine E. Walsh, of Weissport, Carbon county. Pa. Henry Kanig was born in Sugarloaf township, March 13th, 1827. His first wife was Hannah Balliett, of Butler, and has second Lydiaetta Benner, of Sugarloaf township. He is a farmer, stock raiser and dealer in horses at Drum's. Rev. Marcblltts Karoheb was born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 15th, 18)0, and married Miss Lucy Cranmer, of Bloomsburg. He located at White Haven in January, 1878, as rector of St. Paul's Protestant Episco- pal Church. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1871, and from the Philadelphia Divinity School in 1874, and was ordained to the priesthood in June, 1875. Charles L. Keck was born in AUentown, Lehigh county, Pa., March 18th, 1837, and married Eleanor King, of Bethlehem, Northampton county, Pa. Mr. Keck, who was formerly a merchant, is now engaged in the manufacture of lumber at White Haven. Morris J. Kbok is a druggist of Hazleton, and was bom in that village August 12th, 1848. His wife was Miss E. Medora Lutz, of Bloomsburg, Pa. Mr. Keck is lieutenant colonel of the 9th regiment N. G. P. R. S. Keishline, a merchant tailor of Hazleton, was born in Butler Valley, Luzerne county. Pa., June 25th, 1839. His wife was Miss Fietta Fagan, of Butler Valley, Pa. Francis Keller is a native of Leonardsville, Bucks county, Pa., and was born January 23nd, 1850. He married Miss Caroline Warner, of Tamaqua, Pa. He is a harness maker at Hazleton, where he located in July, 1876. P. Kellmer, formerly a blacksmith, now a photographer in Hazleton, was born in Germany, November 38th, 1843. His wife was Miss S. Rippel, of Hazleton. Elliott P. Kisner, attorney and counselor at law in Hazleton, was born August 1st, 1845. B. W. Kisser resides at Hazleton, having retired from business. ^¥ 248 z> HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. George W. Klase is a native of Pottsville, Pa., and -was born Jan- uary 33,1844. He enlisted in the 48th regiment Pennsylvania volunteers; was in twenty-three engagements, and was discharged June 27th, 1863. He is now the proprietor of the Mountain Grove Temperance House ; also postmaster. His wife was Miss Huldah CSark, of Mahanoy City,Pa. Charles Klbckner, a native of Schuylkill county, Pa.,was born May 16th, 1840. He served during the war of 1881-65 in Company K 6tb Penn- sylvania volunteers. He has been burgess of White Haven several terms, and is one of the directors of the White Haven Savings Bank. He is a merchant. Chbistiab L. Klein was bom in Sindenflngen, Wurtemburg, Ger- many, September 23d, 1848, and married Elizabeth L. Poettger, ot Phil- adelphia, Pa. He is proprietor of a restaurant on Bast Broad street, Hazleton. Frederick P. Kline, clerk at Drif ton, was born at Summit Hill, Pa., June 22nd, 1853, and married Miss C. W. Dinkelacker, of Butler Valley. Reuben Klinqee was born in Sugarloaf township, March 14th, 1835. He is in ohai-ge of a store at Sandy Run for M. S.Kemerer & Co. He mar- ried Ann Caroline Sunter, of Butler, Pa. Henry Klinger, proprietor of the Washington Hall at Hazleton, was bom in Conyngham valley, Pa., April 15th, 1824. His wife was Miss Margaret Ann Kagle, of German nativity. C. H. Knelly, a native of Sugarloaf, was born September 16th, 1844. He is a carpenter and builder. He enlisted in Co. F 147th Pennsylvania volunteers, August 10th, 1862, and was on Sherman's " march to the sea." His wife was Emma Jane Wagner, of Sugarloaf township. H. C. KOONS is engaged in the mercantile business at Freeland. He was born in Lehighton, Pa., December 17th, 1843. His wife was Rhoda Gibbon, of Buck Mountain, Pa. George W. Koons, merchant, formerly employed as a railroad clerk, was born in Mt. Bethel, Northampton county. Pa., October 1st, 1848. He married Norah Stuart Childs, of White Haven. Conrad W. Krapf, hotel proprietor at 855 West Broad street, Hazle- ton, was bom in Epa, Germany, January 10th, 1836, and married Anna Catharine Kagel, of that place. Mrs. L. Kreyscher, who resides in Butler, was born in Wurtomburg, Germany, April 12th, 1828, and married Lewis Ki-eyscher, also of Wur- temburg. He was born May inth, 1824, and died March Slst, 1873. Mrs. K. is proprietress of the Mountain Hotel. Lewis Kreyscher, of Butler, was born in Hazleton, Pa., March 3nd, 1859. He is a carpenter. Emil Kuder, M. D., is a practicing physician and surgeon in Hazle- ton. He was bom in Germany, August 31st, 1845, and married Miss Mary Berg. Frederick Kugler, of Sandy Run, was born in Mahanoy City, Pa., November 14th, 1841. He is a boss machinist for M. S. Kemerer & Co- He was drafted September 27th, 1864, and discharged July 9th, 1865. Mrs. Kugler was Sarah E. Richard, of Jeddo. KuNKEL Brothers are engaged in the livery business in Hazleton. Eev. Rudolph Kunz is a graduate of the Theological Institute of Zurich, and has been pastor of the First Reformed church of Hazleton .since 1873. He was born in Switzerland, January 10th, 1849. His wife was Miss Louise Strauli, of Switzerland. Rev. G. M. Larned was born in Bxetei*, Wyoming county. Pa., March 8th, 1834, and married Miss Samantha Benscoter, of Union, Luzerne county. Pa. He waa ordained as deacon in 1872, and as elder in 1877, and is the pastor of the M. B. church at Conyngham. William Lauderbach is a dealer in general merchandise, clothing, boots, shoes and farm implements, on West Broad street, Hazleton. He was born at Fishing Creek, Pa., May llth,1845. Mrs. L. was Miss Mary A. Drumheller, of Conyngham valley. Pa. Frederick Laudebburn, who is engaged in the mercantile business in Hazleton, was a private in the 37th regiment Pennsylvania volunteers in the war of 1861-65. He was born March 11th, 1824, in Derby, West- moreland county. Pa., and married Miss Ann Delia Bradley Ely, of Coventry, Chenango county, N. Y. Lieut. Andrew Lee, foreman forT. S. McNair & Co., at Harleigh, Pa., was bom in Canada, March 4th, 1843. He enlisted September 11th, 1861, in Co. D 8th Pennsylvania cavalry and served to the close of the war. He had command of the last charge made in the army of the Potomac. Mrs. Lee was Miss Sarah Wallace, of Audenreid, Pa. E. Leisenring, who is a clerk at Harleigh, was born July 7th, 1824, in Lehigh county. Pa. Walter Leisenring, of Upper Lehigh, was born in Lehigh county. Pa. He is one of the operators of the Upper Lehigh mines. J. H. Lindsay, general merchant at Freeland, was born in Philadel- phia, Pa., March 26th, 1838. He enUsted in Company I 6th Pennsylvania volunteers In April, 1861; re-enlisted in July, 1861, and was discharged on account of wounds received af Antietam, September 17th, 1862. He married Martha Williamson, of Eckley. John Lines was born in Hanover township. May 1st, 1818, and came with his parents in April, 1834, to what is now White Haven, where he has since resided. When Mr. Lines came here this borough, as well as the township, was a dense forest, which he has lived to see pass away, and a thriving town grow up in its stead. He has been honored by his towns- men with important olSces of trust. Mrs. Mary Lubrecht, milliner and dressmaker at Freeland, was bom in Wurtemburg, Germany, June 1st, 1848. Rudolph Ludwig, of Freeland, was born in Berlin, Prussia, February 6th, 1850. He keeps a meat market and a restaurant. His wife was Mary A. Bell, of Eckley, Pa. Captain Daniel J. McCarthy, of Freeland, was born in the city of Cork, Ireland, Maroli35th, 1849, and married Catharine Wilson, of Miners- viUe, Pa. He is serving his second term as burgess of Freeland. William McNeal was born November 3d, 1826, in Black Creek town- ship, and has been supervisor and school director of the township. He IS a farmer and lumberman. His wife was Miss Mary Runmiller, of Black Creek. Bernard McManus, formerly a coal miner. Is at present an attorney and counselor at law at Jeans^ille. He was born July 23d, 1846, at Beaver Meadow, Pa. J. Sharon McNair is a druggist, and a civil and mining engineer at Hazleton. He was born in Foundryville, Pa., October 5th, 1838. His wife was Miss Rebecca Vincent, of Hazleton. He was first lieutenant of Company G 32nd Pennsylvania volunteers in 1863. Thomas S. McNair was born in Hanover, Dauphin county. Pa., in October, 1824. He has been for the last 25 years a civil and raining en- gineer. He has served as tain-gess of Hazleton, as councilman, and is now a member of the school board. His wife was Miss Mary Stephens, a native of England. Joseph McMuitTinE, who is a farmer and stock raiser, was born in Sugarloaf, Jul.v lltth, 1.S12. His tirst wife w:l^ Mai-garet llinton, of Eaton, Pii., and hi.ssccnnd wileSanih A. Klin.u-fr,of Sugarloaf. Jlr. McMurtrie has hckl sc\erai iiniKirtaut townshi]) olliees. David W. Mace was liorn in .'^ugarliiat township, August 7th, 1,129. His wife wiis H;irri(!t Spui'lo, of the s.ime township. Ho owns and upd- ates a steam saw-iiiillat Drum's. S. Maouire, ciushiur of tbo Wliite Haven Savings Bank, and clerk of. the town council, ^\'iis born in I'hiladeljjhia, Pa.. XovuEUbcr 15th, 1845. Georce B. Markle is a coal o])orator at Jeddo. He whs born in Northumberland eininty, Pa., July 1st, 1.S27. His wife was Miss Emily Itobiuson, of IJlotimsburg, Columbia county. Pa. George B. Makkle, .jr., w:is born in Hazleton, October 7th, 18.57. Ho is superintendent of Jeddo coal mines. His wife, deceased, was Miss Clara R. Tubbs, ot Kingston, Pa. E.J. M.vrple, dispatcher and agent for the Central Railroad of New Jersey, was born in Philadelphia, August 19th, 1845. W. Frank Martz is a bookkeeper and resides in Hazleton. He was born at Pottsville, Pa., October 7th, 1843. His wtEe was Miss Sai.h A. Everett, of Emaus, Pa. / C. H. Martz was born in West Delaware, Pa., in December, 1835, and married Miss R. E. Bell, ot Bellfonte, Pa. He resides at Topeka, 111., and is a druggist and dealer in real estate. He served seven years as deputy clerk of the circuit and county court of Mason county. III. Adolph Mayer was bom in Wurtemburg, Germany, October 9th, 1826, and married Margaret Dressel, ot Bavaria, Germany. He served under General Sigel in 1848. He is the superintendent of the Hazleton Gas Works. Nathan Michael, of Butler township.was born in Mifflin, Pa., Janu- ary 18th, 1832. His wife was Dorcas Cabbana, of Sugarloaf township. He is a lumbermim. John A. Miller, a native of Sugarloaf township, was born August 3d, 1850. He is a farmer. Jeremiah Miller, farmer, was born in Sugarloaf, June 6th, 1841. His wife was Miss Laura Wagner, of Black Cieek township. William Minnich, of Seybertsville, was born at that place. May 15th, 1842, and married Miss Eliza Pettit, of Black Creek township. He is a farmer. Z. W. Morris, clerk, was bom July 21st, 1856, in White Haven, where he married Miss Ella Frymire. Rev. John H. Neiman was born in Limerick, Montgomery county, Pa., July 31st, 1844, and married Miss Beulah Daniels, of Norristown, Pa He is the pastor of the Evangelical Lutheran churcb at Conyngham. J. S. Oberender, ot Drum's, was born in Saxony, September 4th, 1820, and married Mary A. Fraley, of Conyngham. He has held neariy all the township offices. He enlisted September 23d, 1861, in Company E 96th Pennsylvania volunteers; was wounded in the Wilderness, May 10th, 1864, and was discharged on account of wounds, September 27th, 1804. E. A. Oberender, of Drifton, is the private secretary of Coxe Broth- ers. He was born at Drum's, Pa., June 29th, 1858. Edward O'Dohnell was born In Truxlevtown, Pa., December 2lBt, 1849, and married Mary Ashman, of Foster, Pa. He Is a painter by trade. D. B. O'DOKNELL, of Butler, was born In Donegal, Ireland, In 1846. His wife was Mary Boyle, of Harleigh. He is proprietor of the Moun- tain House, Butler townslilp. Fabdeb, Maekle & Ghieb carry on a large banking house on West Broad street, Hazleton. 0. P. Person, M. D., was born in Northampton county, Pa., January 20th, 1849. His wife was Miss Jane C. Keiser, of Weatherly, Pa. Dr. Person is practicing at Hazleton, where he established himself August 1st, 1879. Abraham P. Peters, lumber manufacturer, was born in Heidelberg, Lehigh county. Pa., July 25th, 1880, and married Sorenia Kleckner, of Middleport, Schuylkill county. He was formerly a tailor, and has been engaged in the mercantile business. Philip Pi^iffer, M. D., of Drum's, was born in Germany, and mar- ried Maria Beisel, of Butler. John Ptouts, the present burgess of Hazleton, was born in Lycoming county. Pa., September 33d, 1819. His wife was Miss Mary K. Lemon, a native of Northumberland county. Pa. ■William D. Powell, of Drif ton, is a mine boss for Coxe Brothers & Ck). at slope No. 1. He was born in South Wales, May 20th, 1852. His wife was Louisa Bums, of Drifton. John M. Powell, miner at Freeland, was born in North Wales, No- vember 9th, 1841, and married Mary Auberly, of Buck Mountain, Pa. He was elected February 17th, 1880, one of the councilmen and inspector of election of Freeland. James B. Price, of Upper Lehigh, was born in Hunterdon county, N. J., August 36th, 1823. He is chief clerk of the Upper Lehigh Coal Com- pany. He has been treasurer of Carbon county. Pa. His wife was Har- riet Bertsch, of Mauch Chunk. Parker Price, the chief clerk of the Sandy Eun Coal Company, was born In Sunbury, Pa., March 5th, 1849. His wife was AUce Lawall, of Hazleton, Pa. Samuel Rauch is a native of Harford, Pa., and was born March 6th, 1830. He is a farmer and proprietor of the Black Creek tannery. His wife was Miss Amanda C. Seaman, of Upper Berne, Pa. James Eeed, ticket boss for G. B. Markle & Co. at Oak Dale colliery, was born May 11th, 1855, in Pottsville, Pa. He maiTied Miss Mary Ann Kite, of Mahanoy City, Pa. C. Beed, conductor on the Central Hailroad of New Jersey, was born in Easton, March 7th, 1844, and maiTied Mary B. Bomler, of Oxford Fur- nace, N. J. He enlisted May 30th, 1861, in Company E 12th Pa. reserves, and was afterward transferred to Battery B 2nd artillery, in which he served three yeai'S. He re-enlisted and served about a yeai- in Company H 7th Pa. volunteers. Thomas M. Bighter, superintendent of Sandy Eun colliery, was born in Berwick, Pa., January 12th, 1847, and married Gertrude H. Leisen- ring, of Upper Lehigh, Pa. He is the postmaster at Sandy Eun. Peter Ringlaben was born in Germany, November 19th, 1839. He is a farmer. His wife was Miss Mary Ann Hoffman, of Sugarloaf township . Amos Eittenhouse is a native of Black Creek township,and was born December 20th, 1810. He has been supervisor, overseer of the poor and assessor of his township. He married Misa Anna Wolf, of Black Creek township. John F. Bobbins is a miller and dealer in flour and feed at Conyngham. He was born in Columbia county. Pa., October 7th, 1830. His wife was Julia A. Hughes, of Butler township. He enlisted August 13th, 1861, in the Union service, and passed through the several grades to lieutenant colonel of the 96th Pennsylvania volunteers. He was in the battles of Fair Oaks, Antietpm and the Wilderness. Prof. William F. Egberts is a native of England and was born September 10th, 1809. His wife was Miss Hannah J. Yost, of Pike county, Pa. Prof. Eoberts has been a professional geologist and min- eralogist for the last fifty years. He has been State geologist of Arkansas. E. J. EODGEBS, a dealer in dry goods, notions, sewing machines and furniture in Hazleton, was born in Nesquehoning, Pa., March 15th, 1862. A. W. Egberts, of Gowen, was born January 1st, 1845. He enlisted March 4th, 1884, in the 7th Pennsylvania cavalry and was discharged September 5th, 1865. He is now a clerk at Gowen, Pa. Mrs. Boberts was Miss Eliza Miller, of White Haven. George Both, of Drum's, was born in Butler, July 7th, 1837, and mar- ried Harriet Simpson, of Black Creek. He is a blacksmith and wagon maker. Jacob Eosenstook was born in Hesse, Germany, April 28th, 1835. His wife was Mrs. Catharine Tounge, of Hazleton. He enlisted in Company A 28th Pennsylvania volunteers June 12th, 1861, and was discharged July 20th, 1864. He was wounded in the battle of Chancellorsville and fought in many other battles. He is now proprietor of the Eising Sun Hotel at Hazleton. Joseph P. Salmon has served three years as burgess of Hazleton, and as first lieutenant in the cavalry, and is at present a general salesman. He was born.in Columbia county. Pa., March 8th, 1833, and married Miss Susan E. Barton, of Espy, Columbia county. Pa. Samhel Salmon, master carpenter for Coxe Brothers & Co., of Drifton, was born in Easton, Pa., June 30th, 1836, and married Margaret Crouse, of Luzerne county, Pa. Joshua Santee, of Drum's, was born at Nazareth, Pa., July 15th, 1831. His wife was Elizabeth Hof eoker, of Butler. He has been township auditor, constable, inspector, etc., and is now a fanner and dealer in lumber. Simon Santee, of Drum's, was bom in Nazareth, Pa., February 7th, 1814, and married Mary Hofecker, of Butler. He is a retired farmer. H. W. Scheldt, of Hughesville, was bom in Butler, December 26th, 1842, and married Miss D. P. Hughes. He is now a merchant. David Schellhammer is a farmer and miller. He was born Sep- tember 8th, 1805, in Brier Creek township, Columbia county. Pa., and married Miss Catharine Gotohshall, of Eush township, Schuylkill county. Pa. Charles Schutteb, formerly a private in the U. S. signal service, and now a justice of the peace in Hazleton, was born at that place, March 33d, 1848, and married Miss Cathaa'ine Stokes, also of Hazleton. Albert Schweitzer located on the corner of Cedar and Hemlock streets, in 1874,where he has since been engaged in the wood turning bus- iness. He was born in Wurtemburg, Germany, September 22nd, 1849. His wife was Elizabeth Grosh, of Danville, Pa. Matthias Sohwabe, butcher at South Heberton, was born in Prussia, October 4th, 1849. His wife was Maggie Landmesser, of Butler town- ship. George Seiwell, of Hazleton, wasbornin Mauch Chunk, Pa., Septem- ber 17th, 1837. He enUsted in 1861, and served three years. Mrs. Seiwell was Elizabeth Clark, of Eingtowu, Pa. Mr. S. is a track foreman for the Lehigh Valley Eailroad Company. John Shafeb, of Sandy Eun, is a machinist. He was bom in Tama- qua. Pa., October 14th, 1835. His wife was Caroline Lindner, of Butler, Pa. He enlisted in Company 1 143d Pennsylvania volunteers, July 16th, 1862, and was discharged June 24th, 1865. William Shellhamer, a native of Black Creek township, was born September 17th, 1830. He has been school director and inspector of his township He is afarmer. His wife was Miss Susannah Eittenhouse, of Black Creek. O. L. Simpson, of Drifton, was born in Covington, Pa., January 3lBt, 1850. His profession is teaching. William E. Smith, printer, was bom in Black Creek, and married Miss Catharine Shellhamer, of Black Creek. N. D. Smith is a native of Abington township, and was born November 9th, 1848. He was commissioned justice of the peace for five years on May 5th, 1879. He is principal of the Conyngham school. Elder Sp angler carries on a livery establishment in Hazleton. John P. Stegnbr, outside foreman for William Airey, at Stockton, Pa., was born in Germany, November 37th, 1837. His wife was Miss Gerdruta Schoshe, also born in Germany. George H. Stimson, merchant and postmaster at Lehigh Tannery, Carbon county, was born in Saline, Washtenaw county, Mich., Novem- ber 15th, 1848, and married Lillie F. Carter, of Union Hill, N. J. His former business was that of a tanner. John C. Stokes was born at Muncy, Pa., August 1st, 1830. He located in Hazleton in 1858, where he was engaged as a teacher till February, 1864 ; he then enlisted in Company G 13th New York heavy artillery, and served till the close of the war. He returned to Hazleton in Sep- tember, 1865, and established the first printing office in the borough, and in 1866 started the first newspaper here, Tlie Hazleton Sentinel, which he sold to Pardee, Markle & Grier in 1868. October 3Sth, 1877, he issued the first number of the Mmmtain Beacon. In 1879 his son Alfred F. Stokes became associated with him in the publication of the Beacon. Capt. Cyrus Straw, of Brum's, was born in Hazleton, October 1st 1839. His wife was Sarah H. Leach, of Soranton, Pa. He enlisted as 1st lieutenant in Co. K 81st Pennsylvania volunteers, and was wounded at Antietam, Md. He was commissioned as captain in October, 1862, and mustered out June 20th, 1868. He is at present a lumberman. Hh= <^ W. F. Streeter, lumber manufacturer, was bora in Lexington, Greene county, N. Y., December 28th, 1834, and married Blma Frear, of Eaton, Wyoming county. His residence is at Bridgeport, Carbon county, where he has been justice of the peace since 1876, and has served as school director about fifteen years. Dahiel STuUi was born in Beaumont, July 37th, 1837. His wife, whose maiden name was Eliza Lewis, is of the same place. Mr. StuU, who was formerly a bookkeeper, is now in the mercantile business at White Haren. H. P. Stdtzbach, editor and proprietor of the Haideton Journal, lo- cated at Hazleton in 1878. He was bom in Germany, July 21st, 1850, and married Miss Bertha Brill, of Baltimore, Md. Prof. A. P. Supplee, superintendent of schools of Hazleton, was born in North Wales, Montgomery county. Pa., October 23d, 1845. His wife was Miss Mattle Sedgewiok, of Bath, N. Y. H. E. ScTHEKLAKD was bom in Seneca county, N. Y., in 1835. He was married November 25th, 1857, to Miss Harriet Lauderbum, of Tamaqua, Pa. He located in Hazleton in 1866, where he has since been engaged in the book and stationery business. Harry E. Sweeney, of Drif ton, is a bookkeeper at Jeddo. He was bom in Weissport, Pa., September 20th, 1857.. Edward Tattershall, merchant, was born in Stoddardsville, Octo- ber 20th, 1842, and man-led Fanny S. EusseU, of White Haven. Samuei, D. Taylor is a master mechanic for A. Pardee & Co. He was bora in Fairmount, Pa., June 9th, 1827. His wife was Elizabeth J. Easterline, of Wetherby, Pa. P. H. Thompson has been postmaster at Jeddo since 1864, and is the merchant at that place. He was born in Springfield, Ohio, January 21st, 1834, and manied Emma J. Markle, of Lacon, 111. James F. Toiten, a native of Jeansville, Pa., was born March 6th, 18.53. He was formerly a surveyor and draughtsman with F. W Beers the well-known map publisher of New York, and at present is a teacher and surveyor. His wife was Miss Mattie E. Grover, of Hazleton. Hon. S. W. Trimmer, M. D., was bom in Hunterdon county, N J August mh, 1833. Dr. Trimmer has been elected to the Legislature, has served as prothonotary and burgess, and has held the office of school du-eotor for twenty-one consecutive years. He married Elizabeth A Bennett, of White Haven, where he is now engaged in the practice of his Drofession. George H. Troutman served as private and officer through the war of 1861-65, and is now practicing law in Hazleton. He was born January 18th, 1841, in Philadelphia, Pa., and maiTied Miss Etta Ci-ossett, of Northampton, Mass. Stephen Twrkbach, of Freeland, is a carpenter for Coxe Brothers He was born in Sugarloaf township, March 22nd, im. His wife was Mary Ann Nause, of Sugarloaf township. Stephen Turhbach, a native of Black Creek, was born January 28th 1827. He was a justice of the peace fourteen year.s, and was elected county commissioner in 1878. His wife was Miss Hannah Hiller, of Mif- flin, Pa. Mr. Turnbach is now a farmer. John Turnback was born in White Haven, Pa., April 2nd 181' He enlisted March 9th, 1864, in Company H 18th Pennsylvania cavalry and was discharged October 31st, 1865. His wife was Mary Aubrey of Gla morganshire, Wales. Mr. T. is a bookkeeper at Drif ton. Edward Turnbach is a shipper at Drif ton. He was born in White Haven, Pa., July 85th, 1848, and married Miss H. E. Hartranf t, of Butler, A. S. Van Wickle resides at Ebervale, and is superintendent for (he Bbervale Coal Company. Major C. J. Volkenakd is engaged in the hotel and saloon business at 37 and 39 East Broad street, Hazleton. He was born in Germany Til. comber 80th, 1839. His wife was Catharina Kingleben, of Philndelnhir Pa. Major Volkenand enlisted September 18th, 1801, in Comnanv K 47th Pennsylvania volunteers, and was discharged September lath 1801 In 1669 he raised a company for the 17th regiment national guards Pennsylvania, and was commissioned major of the regiment. John Wagner, of Drifton, was born in Saxony, Germany, Sentember 29th, 1840. He enlisted October 18th, 1801, in the 0th Pennsylvania "av airy, and was discharged October 18th, 1804. He was in 30 battles and" was wounded three times in one battle. He married Eebecca Shell- hamer, of Black Creek, Pa. He is outside boss for Coxe Brothers. Nathan Wagner was born in Sugarloaf, January 27th, 1886. He en- listed In Company F 147th Pennsylvania volunteers, August 11th, 1862, and served to the close of the civil war, participating in Sherman's march to the sea. His wife was Miss Clara Lawn, of this township. He is at present a dairy farmer. Samuel Wagner, a resident of Conyngham village, was born in Northampton, Pa., October 19th, 1810. His wife was Miss Maria Fisher, of Bloorasburg, Pa. Mr. Wagner was formerly a carpenter but is now a farmer. Charles Weidekbaoh was born in Wurtemburg, Germany, Decem- ber 5th, 1816. His wife was Elizabeth Teheabalt, of Pottsville, Pa. He is the proprietor of a restaurant on East Broad street, Hazleton. George S. Wentz, M. D., a practicing physician and surgeon at Jeddo, was born in Montgomery county. Pa. C. C. WiLLiTS, a dealer in stoves and tinware in Hazleton, was born in Catawissa, Columbia county. Pa., December 28th, 18!j0. George Wise, harncssmaker, Jeddo, was born in New York city, Feb- ruary 23d, 1846. His wife was Mary Ebei-ts, of New Mahoning Valley. Joseph Wolf, a farmer and a native of Black Creek township, was born February 7th, 3817. He has been township return judge, supervisor, auditor, school director, aSvSessor, inspector of schools and overseer of the poor. Mrs. Wolf was Miss Susannah Bowman, of Black Creek. William Wolf was born August I9th, 1808, in Black Creek, and has held all the offices in the township, except that of constable. He was justice of the peace 15 years, and was captain of the " Black Creek Kifles " from 1846 to 1855. He is now a farmer. His wife was Miss Ann Kittenhouse, of Black Creek. Andrew Wolf was born in Black Creek township, April 12th, 1853. He has been inspector of election. He is a fai-raer. James D. Woodring, foreman of T. L. McKeen's lumber miU at Bridgeport, Carbon county, was born in Bethlehem, Lehigh county. Pa., November 13th, 1844, and married Eliza Patten, of Wilkes-Barre.' He served nine months in the 153d Pennsylvania volunteers. Egbert H. Wright, attorney and counselor at law in Hazleton, was born in Perry county. Pa., December 4th. 1841. His wife was Miss Kate A.Smith, of New Bloomfield, Pa. Mr. Wright was admitted to practice March 23nd, 1878. Daniel Yeager is a native of Catawissa, Columbia county. Pa , and was born April Znd, 1821. He is a farmer and market gardener. His wife was Hachael Engle, of Sugarloaf. D. Tobias Yost, agent and operator for the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company at Tomhicken, was born in Columbia county. Pa., December 25th, 1847. Mrs. Yost was Sarah Barnhart, of Hazleton. C. G. Young, superintendent of store at Ebervale, was born April 9th, 1833, in York county, and married Miss Mollie Giles, of Hazleton. D. W. Zahner, farmer, is a native of Tamaqua, Pa., and was born February 32nd, 1848. He had been aschool director, treasurer and con- stable of his township. He man-ied Miss Eliza Shiner, of Suo-arloaf township. "^ V. B. Zeiser was born February 2.-.tli, 1847, in Nescopcck township. He IS watchman at the Dupont Powder Mills. His wife was Miss Seman- tha Lutser, of Don-anco. Andrew J. Ziegler, of Sandy Hun, was born in llichland Pa Sep tember 7th, 1840. He is breaker boss for M, S. Kemerer Sc Co. He was elected a justice of the peace February 17th, ISSO, for five years. Mrs Ziegler was Catharine A. Lindner, of Butler, Pa. . n*"! 5°!1°T*"^ ''"'™"' "* *'' """^'""^ ^'"'^ represented also con- tributed their support to this publication : John Arnold, J S Beish line, Henry Bontz, Aaron Boyd, Anthony Brown, John A. Burton Thomas Campbell, A. B. Coxe, J. J. Cura.niskey, Willard Eaves, John Gressing, Conrad Haas, Evan Herbert, J. E. Hooten, A. B Jack E W Iveman, Edgar Kudliok, M. A. Leisenring, w. R. Longshore, William McDonald, S. B. McQuade, D. J. Matteson, Charles WcCoron, H W Myers, J. H Nyer, S. B. Price, William Powell, jr., J. S. Sanders, S. R.' Schaper, Schwartz & Co., B. Shaver, C. B. Snyder, George Spry R F Stutzbach, J. C. Tomlinson, T. J. Turner, William Von Joule A "j Walbridge, W. H. Yarrow, J. W. Young ' *^H= =4* k4ehoopany,Wyomin| ^.,Pa. Mshoopany, Wyoming Co., Pa . ^ , (?^yfi£y-r-i^^rtr-(r'c<^ R.R. LITTLE. Tunktiannock,Wyomin§ Co.,Pa. Tunkliar]nocU,WyorT)in| Co.,Pa. V ^J='J5S!sn3Sfl jV«i>* %---" ^-^ ■ ^^-.t«-»'«».«a5^,,.^ , RESIDENCE OF T.J.KERN RESIDENCE OF MISS ELLEN KERN. Exetei'Tp,,near Pittston,Pa. Luzerne Gounty. ■f* A- THE HARDING PLACE- RESIDENCE OF MRS. SALLY HARDI NG, EXEfrR^LUZERNE CO.,PA^=''"''°' ''''''« *i¥ <^ EARLY HISTORY OF EXETER TOWNSHIR 249 EXETER TOWNSHIP. XETER, as now existing, is the remainder of old Exeter, one of the '' seventeen town- ships ," which originally included Franklin and Ransom. It contains an area of about twenty-three square miles in the extreme north- eastern corner of Luzerne county, on the right bank of the Susquehanna. The census of 1880 shows that there are gr farms and a population of 1,023 in the township. Agriculture succeeded lumbering as the chief employ- ment of the people, and since Pittston and West Pittston have become large consuming markets gardening has come to be profitable on the farms along the river and m the southern part of the township, while the upland farms are used quite largely for dairy purposes, the milk finding a market in the boroughs. Pioneers. The first settlements were made near the river, but im- provements have been at last extended to the remote corners of the township. In 1796, while Franklin and Ransom were included in Exeter, a list of the taxable people was made and recorded. Stewart Pearce in his Annals of Luzerne has carefully preserved this list with slight changes. The names were: Joel Atherton, Joseph Black, Moses Bennett, Timothy Beebe, Roswell Beach, Peleg Comstock, Joseph Dailey, David Dailey, Jaooh Drake, Wil- liam roster, Isaac Finch, Kichard Gardner, John Gardner, Thomas Gard- ner, Abraham Goodwin, Richard Halsted, William Harding, Samuel Hadley, James Hadley, Stephen Hardinff, David Harding, Edward Had- sall, John Hadsall, Joseph Hadsall, William Hadsall, Peter Harris, Mi- cajah Harding, Thomas Harding, Artimedorus Ingersol, Benjamin Jones, sen., Nathaniel Jones, sen,, Majah Jones, Justus Jones, Benjamin Jones, jr., Thomas Joslin, sen.. Palmer Jenkins, Thomas Joslin, jr., John Jenkins, Thomas Jenkins, John Knapp, Comfort Kinyan, Andrew Mon- tanye, John McMillen, Benjamin McAfee, Benjamin Newbury, William Ogden, Jacob Wright, William Slocum, William Stage, James Sutton, Moses Soovell, Elisha Scovell, James Scovell, David Shauntz, David Smith, David Skeel, William Tripp, Abncr Tuttle, David Smith, jr., Gil- bert Townsend, Lazarus Townsend, William Thompson, Thomas Wil- liams, Ebenezer Williams, Allen Whitman, Zebedlah Whitman, Nathan Whitlock, Joseph Whitlock and John Scott. Two years later Captain Stephen Harding, John Jen- kins, Peter Harris, David Smith, S. Dailey and J. Phillips were made commissioners to lay out additional public roads in the township. Exeter in 1778. It was near the site of the Harding Cemetery that some men hoeing corn were attacked by the Indians just be- fore the massacre of 1778. The Indians are said to have first attempted, by stealth, to gain possession of their rifles; but the youth John Harding had been left to watch them, and gave the alarm. The men all ran to- ward the river pursued by the Indians. Benjamin and Stukeley Harding reached their boats, but both were shot— one after he was in his boat and the other as he was entering it. John Harding swam under the willows and escaped. Daniel Weller and John Gardner were made prisoners. The Indians then passed over to Sutton's creek, and encamped by a spring one or two rods in the rear of Samuel Bailey's house. Near here they killed James Hadsall and his negro, and his nephew, James Hadsall. Daniel Carr and Neezer Reynolds, both sons-in-law of the elder Hadsall, were taken prisoners. Reynolds made his escape, took his wife and children, departed, and has never been heard from. Carr returned after a captivity of seven years. His wife, supposing him to be dead and thinking she had waited a proper time, had engaged herself to be mar- ried to another man, and was preparing for the wedding. One day she heard some one come into the house; she went to see who it was, and met her husband face to face. She was so overcome she fainted. Of course the new match was never consummated. The British and tories continued down the river, and landed at fort Wintermoot. Parties have since the Rev- olution been here inquiring about the lands at the old fort who were thought to be descendants of the Winter- moots, who left the valley with the British after the mas- sacre. Here the Indians joined their forces, and near by the battle of Wyoming was begun. Early Business Enterprises. Exeter, being an old settlement, was among those hav- ing the earliest business establishments. In 1776 James Sutton, with James Hadsall as partner, built the first grist-mill and saw-mill on Sutton's creek, (now called at that place Coray creek). There the first grist was ground, and the first board sawed. Hadsall was murdered and the mill destroyed during the invasion of 1778, and all that remains of the old mill is a crunk preserved by the Wyoming Historical and Geological Society as a relic of the oldest mill in the Wyoming valley. Several years later Samuel Sutton, a son of James Sut- ton, built a second grist-mill on the same site, and in 1846 E. A. Coray, having become owner of this site, erected the present grist-mill. Subsequently another saw-mill was built farther up the creek, which is operating at the present time. Loyd Jones operated a plaster and clover mill on Lewis creek in 1845. The farmers brought their clover seed in the chaff to the mill to be separated and cleaned. The introduction of horse power threshers put an end to this enterprise. The Indian trail through Exeter was along the old turnpike, now the public road along the river. One of the first taverns here was built by Lewis Jones in 1806, near the present residence of George Miller. The old "Red Tavern'' on Peter Sharpe's place was built the same year, and was kept by John Harding, Mr. Sharpe's house was formerly kept as a stage house by Isaac Harding. There was also another tavern, kept by the Scovells, down the river near Esquire Slocura's. It was used for years as headquarters for the raftsmen on the river. Mr. Jones had near his inn a still house, which did a ^h 1 250 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. business of fair proportions and constituted a valuable auxiliary to his tavern. Another of Mr. Jones's enterprises was the building of a store, which he kept during 1806 and 1807. Salt, which at that time cost |4 per bushel, was the principal ar- ticle of commerce. The salt was necessary for preserv- ing the shad which the settlers took from the river, they being their only article of meat diet. The bears claimed and enforced the first right to all the hogs. The goods were carted from Philadelphia by James Hadsall, a man now 93 years old. CHURCHES. In 1793 the few Baptists of Exeter and Northumber- land united to secure the services of a minister. In February', 1794, John Jenkins, James Scovell, Thomas Jenkins, Benjamin Smith and Elisha Scovell, subscribed about $65 toward building a church. Al- though they failed to erect the building the effort had its results, for the Baptists farther down the valley were made favorable to their schemes and a supply of preach- ing was secured for the settlement. The first church regularly organized here was the Northumberland and Exeter Baptist church. This soci- ety first met in a barn belonging to Henry Jackson, as early as 1798. Among the early members were John Strong, David Adams, Henry Jackson, Stephen Hadsall, Richard Gardner and Jesse White. This church was supplied for half a century with preaching by heroic cir- cuit riders. On the 8th of June, 1850, a division was effected in this society, a part taking the-narae of the Exeter Baptist Church of Christ. This church has usu- ally had a pastor, but is at present supplied by Rev. A. D. Willifer, of Piltston. The trustees for 1880 were T. B. Jones (also clerk), George Miller and Aaron Brown. A prosperous Sunday-school is maintained in connection with this church. MX. ZION M. E. CHURCH. The Mt. Zion M. E. church was formed from parts of two societies or classes at Sutton's creek and the "Old Red School-house'' district. Levi C. Lewis was the first class' leader of the new society, and the first super- intendent of the Sunday-school. They worshiped in the school-house at Mt. Zion until 1851, when their pres- ent church was built. On February igth of that year, the trustees, Isaac Stephens, Evi Wilson and Robert S. Lewis, entered into a contract with Levi C. Lewis to build a church in "as good a style as the Truxville meeting 1 ouse." A site was given by Valentine De Witt. The building was finished Nov. ist, 1851, at a cost of about $1,000. The money was pledged by subscriptions and the contractor took the pledges for his pay. The house was dedicated in November by Rev. Mr. Shep- ard. Among the early preachers here are remembered Rev. O. F. Morse and Rev. Asa Brunson, who preached alternately once in two weeks. The society is now sup- plied with preaching by Rev. F. A. King, of Carverton. It became connected with the Carverton circuit in 1858, when Rev. John Labar was pastor and George Holmes class leader, and the membership was 80. Mr. Labar preached two years; C. L. Reid, one; W. Munger, two; G. C. Smith, one; A. J. Van Clift, two; Joseph Madison, J. Austin, S. Elwell and F. A. King, three years each. The last named is the present pastor. The present su- perintendent of the Sunday-school is Vincent Lewis. It has 77 members. The trustees for 1880 were William Heisler, Smith Lewis, Joseph Whipp, Merritt Rozell, Evi D. Wilson, George B. Holmes, G. Ailesworth, and S. Kitchen. DIAMOND HOLLO'W M. E. CHURCH. As early as 1800 the Methodist circuit rider found his w'ay into Exeter. The circuit which included this appointment extended over a large territory, and included Dallas, Lehman, Mehoopany, Plymouth, Truxville, Nanti- coke and Plains. Once in a month was as often as the preacher could be at this appointment. Joseph Whitlock, an old settler, was the first class leader and the meetings were held at his house. After the school-house was built at Diamond Hollow services were held in it, but the Protestant Methodists came then and the result was an amount of friction which led to the erection at last of an M. E. church in 1835. The present building was erected in 1870 under the direction of a building committee consisting of An- drew Montanye, Enoch Whitlock, and John Diamond. A Sunday-school is maintained here during the summer. Cemeteries. The Mt. Zion cemetery was originally a private burying ground, but when the church was organized there it was enlarged and became the property of the society. The lot is handsomely fenced and well cared for. The Harding cemetery is the oldest in the township and contains several handsome monuments. The first burial in it was that of Capt. Stephen Harding, August 4th, 1816. It was then a cultivated field on his farm, and the grave-digger cut the growing grain to make room for the grave. This grave was enclosed, with about one- quarter acre of land, and was used by the Harding family until the farm changed hands, when an acre was reserved for a neighborhood burying-place. Schools. The educational ideas of the primitive Yankee set- tlers were exceedingly vague. Schools had been main- tained before the beginning of the present century in such of the communities as chose to raise by subscription the small amount necessary to pay the itinerant school- master a few weeks during the winter for such services as he could render. The Yankee schoolmasters of that day were a peculiar in- stitution. It appears that the ranks of this army of literary tramps were swelled by many easy good fellows like Irv- ing's Ichabod Crane, and the result, or possibly the cause, as a generation caring little for educational pursuits. t H^ WILLIAM SCHOOLEY, SARAH A. SCHOOLEY, RESIDENCE of WILLIAM SCHOOLEY, E Att-^""Pi_UZ_F'MECO Pa T SCHOOLS AND MINES OF EXETER— CAMP GROUND-STURMERVILLE. A few years showed the fruits of this neglect in a gen- eration of illiterate young men and women, who had to, avail themselves, even after they were of age, of such. advantages as were afforded by the schools of 1800. In the old log school-house, which stood near George Mil- ler's, long rows of these young men and women came to have Master Josiah Beach teach them to read. The first term begun by him was finished by John McMillen, whose descendants are among the present residents of the township. James Hadsall, now ninety-three years of age, is the only survivor of those who attended this first district school.- During the last decade of the past century this town- ship voted to levy a small tax for the support of a winter school. In 1809 the State law providing for the admis- sion of poor children was the next step toward Penn- sylvania's present admirable system of free schools. For about fifteen years after the passage of the free school act of 1833, Exeter continued to support the dis- trict schools by the old rate bill system, but finally met the provisions of the law by electing a board of school directors, &c. There are now five school districts and two parts of districts in this township. One of these schools partly in Exeter is supported by this township, so it is reckoned that there are six public free schools in Exeter. The only one requiring two teachers is the Sturmerville school. The first school here was kept in a log school-house, in 1819-20. The building was burned during the winter and the term was finished in Joseph Schooley's house. Mrs. Rachael Goodwin, daughter of Colonel Jenkins, was one of the early teachers here. The officers of the Exeter school board are William Heisler, president; A. J. Van Tuyle, clerk. The Wyoming Camp Ground. These grounds, now occupied by the Wyoming Camp- Meeting Association, were first pointed out to Rev. Jos. Madison in 1871. During this year the association pur- chased from Richard Sutton for $4,000 the farm in- cluding these grounds. The offieers then were: Payne Pettebone, president; Rev. Fred. L. Hiller, secretary; B. D. Beyea, treasurer; and Evi D. Wilson was made superintendent of the grounds. They set apart ten acres for their camp ground. The grounds are finely adapted to their purpose, being well shaded and having a good slope toward the ministers' stand. The space in front of the stand is now surrounded with, cottages fantasti- cally trimmed, making a very pretty and comfortable summer home to those interested. The grounds are plentifully supplied with water pumped by a steam- engine from a spring near by. George Peck, D. D., the presiding elder, cut the first stick of timber on the ground where the ministers' stand now is. He also preached the first sermon, taking for his text: " This is none other but the house of God." The present officers of the association are: Payne Pettebone, president; Rev. W H. Olin, vice-president; Rev. J. C. Shellard, secre- tary; George Wells, treasurer; Evi D. Wilson, superin- tendent. Post-Offices. There are now two post-offices in the township. The oldest is the Exeter post-office. Aaron Brown has been the postmaster for the last 25 years. The Charleston post-ofiice was established about fif- teen years ago, with Charles Montanye as post master.. The name, Charleston, was in allusion to his name.. In 1873 the name was changed to Harding, through the in-. strumentality of William H. Wetherbee, the post master. Casper Orberdorfer, the present post master, was com- missioned in 1875. Mines. The northern limit of the Northern coal field crosses Exeter just above Scovell's island; so that fully two- thirds of the township is outside of the anthracite field. The earliest mining in the township was on the cropping' west of William Schooley's in 1842. A company drove a tunnel on James S. Slocum's farm in 1856. Both of these tunnels are practically abandoned. The Lehigh Valley Coal Company owns the principal coal works in the township, employing about 225 men and roo boys.. Abednego Reese is mine boss, and A. G. Mason, outside foreman. On May 27th, 187 1, the West Pittston breaker,' belonging to the Lehigh Valley Coal Company, burned.' There were 28 men in the mines when the fire broke out,' of whom 19 were either dead when brought out, or died very soon after reaching the top of the ground. The fire originated in the tower of the breaker, and was caused by friction of the journals of the faw, Sturmerville. This rapidly growing village is located on the Wyoming battle ground. About 1874 Capt. Solomon Sturmer bought the site from Mrs. Rachael Goodwin, daughter of Colonel John Jenkins, and laid it out in building lots. Thomas McNeil bought a lot and built the first dwelling in the place. It now contains about 35 families, who are mostly engaged in the mines or at the Lee Arms Company's Manufactory., ^^ 32 *ih 252 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. This large institution was first incorporated as the Pitts- ton Arms Company, and was started through the encour- agement and enterprise of the citizens in the vicinity, who donated the grounds and subscribed for $9,000 of the stock. Later the name was changed to its present one, The Lee Arms Company. The cheapness of fuel enables the company to success- fully compete with the manufacturers of New England, and they are now prosecuting an extensive business. J. Frank Lee, Esq., of Wilkes-Barre, is president and R. L. Brewer superintendent. WEST PITTSTON BOROUGH. ;EST PITTSTON borough is practically a suburb of Pittston and there is very little commercial business done here. The manu- factories consist of the Wyoming Valley Knitting Mills and Wisner & Strong's foun- dry and machine shop. The population is 2,543. The first store opened in West Pittston was the one on Exeter street now owned by T. W. & H. D. Kyte. It was built in the fall of 1856 by Samuel Price, who after doing a general merchundise business for two years was succeeded by G. B. Romell. Fort Jenkins. This fort was simply a single log house surrounded by a stockade, and at the time of the massacre was occu- pied by three old men and a few women and children. It is of interest as being the most northern of the stock- ades constructed in the valley, and having figured con- spicuously in the struggles with the Indians. It was sit- uated about fifty yards above the west end of the ferry bridge, but the ground where it stood has since been washed away^ An orchard once stood above the West Pittston end of the depot bridge, but the gradual en- croachments of the river have uprooted nearly all of it. A few old landmarks are still left. The residence of Mr. Carr, corner of Wyoming and Luzerne avenues, is one of the old original farm houses built when this was a part of Exeter township. J. W. Miller's house, the old ferry house and John S. Jenkins's residence are also points of historic interest. The place was known in early times as Fort Jenkins, and the name was applied to the town until it v/as incor- porated as a borough. The Jenkins and Harding Cemetery. This ground was given for a place of burial by Judge Jenkins, who for the Susquehanna Company made the treaty with the Indians for the lands lying on the Sus- quehanna. Judge Jenkins's wife, Lydia Gardner, and his sons John, Stephen and Thomas were buried here, also twenty or more of his grandchildren and great-grand- children, and several great-great-grandchildren; together with Capt. Stephen Harding, a brother-in-law of Judge Jenkins, with his wife. Amy Gardner, and their sons Benjamin and Stukely. The last two were slain by the Indians June 30th, 1778, aged 25 and 23 years. Their grave attracts universal attention, and is about the oldest in this vicinity, but many others are very old and of historic interest. Municipal Organization. West Pittston was incorporated as a borough in the autumn of 1857, the court taking action November 23d. The first election was held January 7th, 1858, at the Vine street school-house. Samuel Price was appointed judge and Miles C. Orr and Thomas Ford inspectors of the election, which resulted in the choice of Amherst Wis- ner, burgess; A. J. Griffith, William Apple, Cornelius Stark, Bradley Downing and Theodore Strong, council- men. The council appointed Isaac W. Moister clerk, and Peter Polen treasurer. Since then the burgesses elected have been: 1859-61, William Apple; 1862, Peter Polen; 1863, A. J. Griffith; 1864, J. H. Jenkins; 1865, R. J. Wisner; 1866, 1867, David T. Bound; 1868, Ralph D. Lacoe; 1869, 1870, J. C. F. Rommel; 1871, 1872, B. D. Beyea; 1873, Samuel Price; 1874, Barnard Sharkey; 1875, W. H. Cool; 1876, 1877, Bradley Downing, 1878, B. D. Beyea; 1879, George Corey; 1880, James Mantayne. Clerks. — 1859-61, Smith Sutherland; 1862 until August 10th, 1863, Samuel Price; August roth, 1863, A. J. I-oom- is appointed; 1864, J. B. Hoyt; 1865, G. M. Richard (acting); 1866, 1867, Smith Sutherland; 1868-70, Octo- ber, Charles H. Foster; 1870, October, 1872, R. J. Wis- ner; 1873, 1874, William R. Sax; 1875, B. D. Beyea; 1876, 1877, S. P. Fenn; 1878-80, J. B. Hoyt. The Wyoming Valley Knitting-Mills. This enterprise was started under the name of Elli- thorp & Delahunty, in the spring of 1874, by E. L. Elli- thorp and J. P. Delahunty, formerly engaged in the same business at Cohoes, N. Y. Feeling the need of more means they procured $15,000 from Pittston capitalists to providebuildings and power. The original building was fifty by one hundred feet, two stories high, with attic and basement, picker and boiler buildings attached. The business first employed sixty operatives, but after one year the third set of machinery was added and A. McI. De Witt was admitted as a part- ner, with $15,000 cash capital. The close of that year witnessing an increased demand for their products the capital was increased to $50,000, and R. D. Lacoe, J. B. Shiffer, Joseph Hilman, William Allen and Thomas Ford became partners with the original owners, under the firm name of Ellithorp & Co., Limited. Subsequently the buildings were enlarged and a fourth set of machinery added. Over one hundred hands are now employed, the *^¥ CHURCHES OF WEST PITTSTON— FAIRMOUNT TOWNSHIP. 253 annual product being about 16,000 dozens of all wool shirts and drawers, in white and scarlet. Their scarlet goods are a specialty in the market. When running wholly on woolen goods they consume about 250,000 pounds of cleansed wool. Since the first the machinery has never been idle, except for repairs. West Pittston Churches. The First Methodist Episcopal Chwrch of West Pittston, on the corner of Wyoming and Montgomery avenues, is a semi-Gothic brick edifice with a corner tower and spire. It has a fine basement, containing a large lecture-room and four class-rooms. The auditorium has a seating capacity of seven hundred. The church, with site and furnishing, cost in 1873 $45,000. The society was organized from the Pittston M. E. Church on the 27th of January, 1873, by Rev. George Peck, D. D., presiding elder of the district, by the election of B. D. Beyea, Charles Pugh, W. R. Sax, C. S. Stark, Bradley Downing, Daniel Jones, Barnard Sharkey, George B. Rommel and Thomas Ford as trustees, and H. C. Dewey, Peter Rinker, Chandler Williams, Henry Searl, B. D. Beyea, W. R. Sax, T. B. Lana, William McCabe and Thomas Nichols as stewards. The society numbered about 200 members, transferred from the old church. The corner stone for the church edifice was laid in the fall of 1872 by Rev. G. P. Porter, of Scranton. The church was dedicated September 2nd, 1873. Rev. R. Nelson, D. D., preached to a very large congregation from Heb. i, xiv. Rev. B. I. Ives, of Auburn, N. Y., preached in the evening from Rom. 12. i., and secured pledges for $31,000 needed to fully pay for the church. The church had in December, 1879, 325 members, with 450 scholars and teachers in its Sunday-school. Charles Pugh, Esq., has been superintendent of the Sun- day-school since its organization. The following clergymen have been pastors: Rev. W. B. Westlake, 1873, 1874; Rev. S. Moore, 1875-77; Rev. A. GrifiSn, the present pastor, appointed in 1878. First Presbyterian Church. — This society was an over- flow of the Presbyterian church of Pittston. In the winter of 1877, at a meeting held in the M. E. church of West Pittston, it was decided to organize a church in that borough, and a petition for its formation was sent to the Presbytery of Lackawanna signed by many of its promoters. A building committee was appointed, and the work of building a chapel was speedily under way, a lot having been purchased on the corner of Exeter and Warren streets. The chapel was begun in May and com- pleted the following December. It is built of brick, in the Gothic style of architecture, and has a seating capa- city of 350. The design of the building was drawn by Mr. J. J. Merriam of Pittston. The cost of its erection and furniture was about $6,500. A committee appointed by the Presbytery of Lackawanna for the formiition of the church met in the new chapel December 21st, 1877, and the organization was then effected. The rotary system of eldership was adopted, and Messrs. E. L. Elh- thorpe, J. B. Hoyt, William Slocum, Theodore Strong, J. J. Merriam and S. P. Fenn were elected elders for a term varying from five to three years. The church orig- nally numbered 119 members, nearly all of whom were dismissed from the Presbyterian church of Pittston and received into the new organization. December 31st, 1877, Mr. N. I. Rubinkam, then completing his studies in the Princeton Theological Seminary, was called to become pastor. He being unable to take charge until the following May, Rev. R. E. Wilson, of Hudson, N. Y., supplied the pulpit until that time. Rev. Mr. Rubin- kam was installed April 31st, 1878. The Sabbath-school of which Mr. E. L. Ellithorpe is superintendent, num- bers 250 members. Its library contains over 300 vol- umes. In the summer of 1879 an annex was built on the west side of the chapel for increased Sabbath-school facil- ities and for the enlargement of the audience room. This addition with furniture cost about $600. Sixty new members have been added to the original number. The church indebtedness has been materially diminished and very creditable contributions have also been made toward the benevolent objects of the church. Mr. Rubinkam was born in Berks county, Pa., in 1851; entered Princeton college in 1870, and graduated in 1874; spent the winter and spring of 1874-75 '" ^^^ University of Halle, Germany; entered Princeton Theo- logical Seminary in September, 1875; was licensed to preach by the Central Presbytery of Philadelphia in 1877; graduated in theology at Princeton in 1878; was ordained by the Presbytery of Lackawanna, and installed pastor over the above church. After a pastorate of two years he was called to the Second Reformed church of Philadelphia, where he begun his labors in May, j88o. FAIRMOUNT TOWNSHIP ^AIRMOUNT was taken from Huntington in April, 1834. It has 1085 inhabitants. Previous to the adoption of the State con- stitution of 1838 Jacob Ogden and Levi Seward were commissioned by the governor as justices. Justices have been elected under the new constitution as follows: Levi Seward and Silas Callender, 1840; Jonathan Pennington and James Lacock, 1845; J. C. Pennington and James F. Lacock, 1850; James F. Lacock and John H. Smith, 1855; Wil- liam P. Robinson and Jacob Seeley, i860; William P. Robinson and Thomas Ogden, 1865 and 1870. Nathan Kleintob and Thomas Ogden, 1875. The south half of the township is quite thickly settled, and embraces some fertile farming lands. The north portion of the township embraces North mountain, a spur ofthe Alleghanies. This mountain was so named from the fact of its being the northerly one of two mountains ^= *'iO t 4 254 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. over which the old turnpike crossed. Its summit is some 2,000 feet above the Susquehanna at Beach Haven, and from it can be seen ten of the counties in this State, also the celebrated Water Gap on the Delaware. In the summer of 1878 Colonel Rickets built an obser- vatory on the top of this mountain, and made it easy of access by a winding road up the mountain. This tower, 50 feet in height, with a r6-foot base, was destroyed by a gale in the latter part of 1878. Another, broader and higher, is being built by the same gentleman. One of the most important industries of this township is the manufacture of maple sugar and syrup. Tl e harvest is usually abundant, and lasts about six weeks each year. Most of the timber in the township is sugar maple. There are several large sugar orchards contain- ing from 500 to 5,000 trees each, averaging one and a quarter pounds of sugar per tree. There are hotel accommodations at Fairmount Springs for those visiting that place as a summer resort. There is also a store at this place, one at Red Rock, and one at Lacock's, on Huntington creek, in the southeast corner of the township. At this place also is a wagon and sleigh manufactory. There are also several blacksmiths and other artisans in the township, and a number of saw-mills. Early Settlers and Business Enterprises. Jacob Long is supposed to have been one of the first settlers, if not the first. Some of his descendants are still on the old homestead in the south part of the town- ship. He came in 1792, journeying from the Delaware river with an ox team, and brought with him quite a large family and a stock of provisions, which was expect- ed to last until more could be raised. As often happens in a new country the provisions would not last unless served out in rations. The old mortar and pestle con- stituted the only grist-mill until one was built at Wap- wallopen, and then there was no road to it, and the old pioneer had to take his grist on his shoulder and his rifle in hand and march, marking the route as he went through the woods that he might not go astray as he returned. Joseph Potter, a soldier of the Revolutionary war, was the first settler at Fairmount Springs. He located here long before the old Tioga turnpike was built. Charles Fritz is one of the early settlers in the south part of the township. He was a soldier of the war of 1812, and is now eighty-eight years of age. He has sev- eral children living near him. George Gearhart, another pioneer and also a soldier of the war of 1812, located in the southwest part of the township. Although eighty-eight years old he is as ready and intelligent as most men at fifty. He has lived to be- stow his blessing upon twelve children, eighty-two grand- children and fifty-three great-grandchildren. Peter Boston, another early settler, now eighty-five years of age, located on Maple run, near the center of the south half of the township. He owns and operates a saw- mill, doing most of the work himself. He came here in 1820, and has been one of the most successful hunters of his day. He has killed over 400 bears, 1,000 deer, 20 catamounts, and wolves ad infinitum. Joseph Moss located at what is now known as Moss's Corners, south of Boston's, in the Maple run valley. At this crossing are the Moss Methodist church and the Moss school-house. The pioneer tavern was kept by Gad Seward, in 1818, at Fairmount Springs. It was a favorite resort for all inclined to mirth, as Gad was always ready with a sharp repartee or a side-splitting story, and for a mug of hot "flip" he could not be beaten. His larder was always supplied with the best game and fish of the season, and the traveler, wearied with stage coaching on the Tioga turnpike, was sure to leave Gad's hostelry refreshed as with new wine. About the same time Andrew Horn opened a popular tavern at Red Rock, at the foot of North mountain. His place, being nearer the North mountain, became more of a resort for hunters and fishermen. The pioneer foundry of Fairmount was built by Shad- rach Lacock in 1830, in the southeast corner of the town- ship, on Huntington creek. The Lacock plow, quite celebrated in its day, was made here. In 1874 D. E. Rit- tenhouse built his present foundry. The first post-office was established in 1835, with J. C. Pennington as postmaster. He was succeeded by Jere- miah Britton. Theoflficewas that now called Fairmount Springs. It was first named " Fairmount Township " post- otfice. The next office was established at Red Rock, and the first postmaster there was Truman D. Taylor. Thoroughfares. As in other newly settled portions of our country, the pioneer of Fairmount traveled from place to place guided only by marked trees. Next would come the under-brushing and cutting out, to make room for the ox team and sled, and then other improvements followed until roads were made. The first of these were in the southeast part of the township, and from there they ran westerly and northwesterly along Maple run. The Susquehanna and Tioga turnpike runs along and nearly parallel with the west border of the township, from its south Hne near S. White's place, northerly through Fairmount Springs and Red Rock, to a point south of Dodson's pond, where it turns into Sullivan county. It was commenced in 181 1; work was suspended during the war of 1812, but resumed in 1816. and the road was completed through this township in 1818. It was built by a stock company, and paid a good dividend till travel was diverted to the steam channel. In 1845 »' was abandoned by the company and surrendered to the township. The first stage-drivers and mail-carriers over this line were Joshua Dodson, Timothy H. Tubbs and S. F. Headley. Early and Later Schools. The pioneer school-house in this township was built, of logs, in or about 1794, near the site of the Methodist =^^ #= <', SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES OF FAIRMOUNT— FOSTER TOWNSHIP. 255 Episcopal camp ground, between Huntington and Kitchen's creeks. The first teacher of whom we have any account was Mrs. Margaret Trescott, mother of Colonel E. L. Trescott, now living in Huntington. She taught the school in the summer of 1796. In 1824 a school-house was built at Fairmount Springs, on the old Susquehanna and Tioga turnpike. This was a double log house, built both for church and school purposes. The pioneer teacher was Miss Paulina Culver, who taught there in the summer and fall of 1824. The next school-house was also of logs, and built in 1826, at what is known as Red Rock, at the foot of North mountain, on the old turnpike. The first teachers were James Park and Elias Myers. These three old log pioneer school-houses have given place to others of modern architecture, and there are now eight in this township, with all the modern appli- ances, and occupied by teachers of the first grade. Several of the school-houses in the township are also used for religious purposes. Religious. As early as 1800 the veteran itinerants, in their jour- neyings around the circuit, preached at what was known in later years as Lacock's school-house. Although no organization was formed at this place for a number of years, the circuit-riders, including Gideon Draper, Mor- ris Howe, James Paynter, John Rhodes, Nicholas Willis and others, continued to find their way to this settle- ment, also to that on the west side of the township at Fairmount Springs. In 1824 Elder Elias Dodson, a Baptist preacher, found his way to Fairmount Springs, preaching there occasion- ally in the old log school-house at that place. Just how long Mr. Dodson continued his labors at this place is not now known. In 1843, when Revs. J. W. Haughawout and Irving H. Torrence were traveling the Bloomingdale circuit, Methodist classes were formed at the Lacock school-house, at the Moss church and at the Taylor church. In 1847 the class at the Bethel school-house was formed, in 1849 the one at Oakland, and in 1852 the one at Hoover's, thus making six classes in all in the township, one at each of the two churches and four at school-houses. Public services are held by the preacher in charge once in two weeks with each class. A Sunday- school is organized at each appointment, and kept up during the summer season. FOSTER TOWNSHIP. 4= N November 15th, 1855, this township was set off from Denison and named after A. L. Foster, Esq., the principal early benefactor of the village of Eckley. It is noted for the excellent quality and large quantity of coal produced at its mines. John Lines was the pioneer settler. Besides his garden patch where he first located he cleared a piece of land at Terrapin Pond, about three miles southwest, and raised the first farm crop in this township. At that time Foster was not surveyed into lots, but was an unbroken and almost unknown wilderness, filled with wild beasts. The nearest neighbor was at Lowerytown, now Rockport, seven miles down the river, and visiting, especially in the evening, was a rare luxury. About 1840 Thomas Morrison came in from the valley and located on Pond creek, three miles south of White Haven. Here he built two saw-mills and a grist-mill. The timber was soon exhausted and the saw-mills went to decay. Soon after Mr. Morrison settled he was ap- pointed post-master, and the little settlement became known as Morrison's post-office. The grist-mill, yet in operation, is owned by Peter Moyer. The following is a list of justices elected in Foster since its formation as a township, with the years of their election: Reuben Leisenring, 1857; Thomas Morrison, i860, 1869; Edward McHugh, 1864, 1869; J,ames Mor- rison, 1865; John C. Roach, 1870; Francis Gabrio, 1870; William Sneddon, sen., 1874; William Sneddon, 1875. The population of the township in 1880 was 5,118, against 3,000 in 1870. Collieries. Highland colliery, in the west part of the town, two and a half miles northeast of Jeddo, is owned by the High- land Coal Company and operated by G. B. Markle & Co. G. B. Markle is superintendent. At slope No. I there are four engines, with a total of 140 horse power, and 123 men and boys employed under ground and 75 on the surface. At colliery No. 2 there are three en- gines, with a total of no horse power. There are 8i men and boys employed under ground and 77 above. At slope No. I there were mined in 1878, 60,087 to"S of coal and at colliery No 2, 55,942 tons. Sandy Run colliery, on a creek of that name south- west from White Haven, is owned by the Richardson estate and operated by M. S. Kem merer & Co., with Thomas M. Righter as superintendent. There are nine fengines at this colliery, with a total of 700 horse power. There are 97 men and boys employed under ground and 57 on the surface. In 212 days in 1878 they mined 82,032 tons of coal. Buck Mountain colliery is partly in Carbon county. It is owned and operated by the Buck Mountain Coal Company. William Spencer is superintendent. The twelve engines have 525 horse power. There are 256 men and boys employed under ground, and 124 above the surface. The amount of coal mined in 1878 was 113,208 tons. Heberton Circuit. The Heberton circuit of the Methodist Episcopal church was organized May 15th, 1875, and embraced the fol- lowing appointments: Upper Lehigh, South Heberton Highland and Jeddo borough in the township of Foster, and Latimer, Milnesville, Ebervale and Humbolt in the =^^ *€^ 256 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. township of Hazle. Eckley was added, and Humbolt was dropped the same year. In 1876 Harleigh, in Hazle township, and Sandy Run, in Foster, were added to the circuit. All of the above were school-house appointments except South Heberton and Milnesville. There were then 112 members and 46 probationers. Rev. N. S. Bucking- ham was the presiding elder, and Rev. John Horning preacher in charge, with Rev. Charles Buck junior preach- er. The local preachers were Revs. George Bird and Joseph Evans. Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church, at South Heber- ton, was built in 1874, at a cost of $3,500, and opened for service without any formal dedication. There are 18 members at this place. The, board of trustees consists of John M. Cunius, Jacob Mack, William H. Thomas, William Chalinger, John Burton, Joseph Evans, Alexan- der Steward, George Turner and William Carter. Latimer Methodist Episcopal Church was built in 1878, and dedicated the same year by Rev. J. W. Leckie. It cost $1,300. The trustees are D. S. Stine, William Mar- tin, Joseph Evans, H. Wolf and Alexander Steward. Rev. William Porter was the preacher in charge in 1879. The Methodist Episcopal church at Jeddo was for- merly a large school-house, and was purchased by the society, remodeled and fitted up for a church. The trus- tees are Jacob Mack, Robert Cowen, William Thomas, Edward Johnson, sen., and Thomas Miller. At Ebervale the Methodist Episcopal society worships in a neat and substantial hall, built jointly by the society and the Young Men's Christian Association of that place. There is also a flourishing union Sunday-school connect- ed with the society, under the superintendence of Cyrus Young, Esq. In October, 1876, the M. E. church at Milnesville was destroyed by fire, and the services have since been held in the school-house at that place. According to the conference minutes in 1879 there were 352 members on the whole circuit. The following preachers besides those named have served on this circuit since 1875: Rev. John Horning, 1875, 1876; Rev. C. L. Bennett, 1877, 1878, and the pres- ent pastor. Rev. Edmund White, 1879. The junior preachers have been: Rev. Charles J. Buck, 1875; Rev. J. R. Shipe, 1876, 1877; Revs. O. H. Huston and George E. King for a part of 1878, and Rev. J. C. Brown, 1879. A union Sunday-school exists in nearly every school- house within the borders of the circuit, and at each church. There are 39 officers and teachers, and 297 scholars. The benevolent collections in these schools for 1878 amounted to $107. South Heberton. Joseph Birkbeck was born at Todd's House, Wind- mer End, near Brough, Westmoreland county, England, May 2nd, 1802, and married Elizabeth Johnson, who was born at Buck Hills, Stainmoor, near Brough, February i2th,i8o4. They came to America in 1844, and the same year located at South Heberton, where he bought a tract of land of Edward Lynch. Here he built a log house, the first in this then wilderness, on the site of the frame house built in i860, now occupied by his widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Birkbeck. The next settler was N. Howes, who purchased land of Mr. Birkbeck and built the first frame house in this section, just west of Birkbeck's. Soon after this other settlers came in, and ere long the forest began to melt away. Coal fields were developed and the pros- pect of a large consequent population and demand for building lots led Mr. Birkbeck to have surveyed the town plot of South Heberton, and soon a thriving village was growing up, depending on surrounding mining towns for support. Mr. Birkbeck's was the first clearing in this then forest; in it were raised the first crops, and here the first orchard was set out. The first child born at South Heberton was Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth Birkbeck, born in 1845. The first death at this place was that of William, son of Joseph and Elizabeth Birkbeck, which occurred Feb. nth, 1846. He was aged 4 years, 3 months and 15 days. In 1845 and 1846 Mr. Joseph Birkbeck cut the road through the woods from South Heberton through Eckley to Buck mountain. EcKley was then known as Shingle- town, as no business was done there except by two or three parties whose occupation was making shingles, cart- ing them to either White Haven or Hazleton and trading them for the necessaries of life, such as whiskey, pork and tobacco. The first store at South Heberton was kept by a man named Feist, a little west of Birkbeck's. Soon afterward a Mr. Minig kept a little store near Feist's. The first tavern was kept by N. Howes, where Joseph Jamison now lives, a little west of Birkbeck's. Previous, however, to the opening of Howes's tavern, Mr. Birkbeck accommodated parties who were prospecting in this region for anthracite deposits, with the best the house afforded. Among the guests who partook of Mr. and Mrs. Birkbeck's hospitality, were Judge Tench Coxe, Prof. William F. Roberts, Hon, Ario Pardee, Mr. Leisen- ring, Mr. Sharp and others. The first school-house at this place was built in 187S, , and is a fraine building. When Mr. and Mrs. Birkbeck moved into this then wilderness they were far from any settlement. At Mor- rison, near White Haven, was the nearest store, and Straw's, over in Butler, was the nearest grist-mill. For meat they depended upon such as the forest afforded, which was taken in different ways. Mrs. Birkbeck related to us the manner in which she captured the " pride of the forest." One afternoon in the fall of the second year after they had cleared a patch on the hillside above the house, her attention was attracted by some dogs making a "great fuss" in the clearing, and she discovered a noble buck with his wide spreading antlers coming down the hillside. The thought flashed through her mind what nice venison he would make. With a noble ma- tronly spirit of providing for an impoverished larder, she laid down her child Elizabeth, caught up an ax that lay l> 4. ^h ='=^p^ ECKLEY AND UPPER LEHIGH. 257 near by, and started for the deer. The deer seeing her, and having been worried and maddened by the dogs, changed his course direct for Mrs. Birkbeck. She, not dreaming of the danger she was in, met the proud ant- lered son of the forest, and the battle commenced. The matroil finally struck the deer with the ax on one of his fore-legs, and breaking it brought him to the ground, where with the aid of the dogs the venison was soon secured. South Heberton now contains a church (Methodist Episcopal), .1 school-house, two stores, two hotels, a tin shop, a shoe shop, a blacksmith shop, three saloons, and about 500 inhabitants. ECKLEY. Eckley first came into public notice in 1854, when Messrs. Sharp, Leisenring & Weiss opened the coal mines here. A branch of the Lehigh Valley Railroad was built to this place in 1855, and a shipment of coal was made in September of that year. A large and commodious hotel was built here in 1857, and subsequently converted into a dwelling house. The school-house was built in 1858, and the steam saw-mill in 1856. The Protestant Episco- pal and Presbyterian churches were built in 1858, and since then the Catholic church. The population is about 600. E. T. Dodson is the present postmaster. The colliery at this place is known as Co'uncil Ridge Colliery, and is owned by the estate of Tench Coxe, and operated by J. Leisenring & Co. At slope No. 2 there are i6o men and boys employed under ground, and 70 on the surface. There are eight engines, with a total of 375 horse power. At No. 5 there are 77 men employed under ground, and 44 on the surface. There are seven engines, of 375 horse power. The number of tons of coal mined in 1878 for both slopes was 143,884. UPPER LEHIGH. Upper Lehigh is an exception to the rule in mining towns, as it is a model of neatness, presenting the ap- pearance of a tidy New England village. The property is all owned by the Upper Lehigh Coal Company, and the stockholders are personally represented in every de- partment of the work. The village was laid out in 1865 into regular streets and blocks, and the miners' houses, 205 in number, making 410 tenements of that class, are substantially built upon solid foundations, and are of a uniform size and neatly painted. The streets are broad and are kept scrupulously clean, as no rubbish of any kind is allowed to be deposited in the streets or alleys. The houses of the proprietors, superintendent, chief clerk and foreman are of modern architecture, and are painted a different color from those of the miners. The town is about 700 feet higher than the Lehigh at White Haven, and is approached from the east by the Nesco- peck branch of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, which was built to this place in 1867. The first building put up was the steam saw-mill, which was built in the fall of 1865 and commenced running that winter; in the spring of 1866 the company built 25 double houses. making 50 tenements. The first school-house, the double one on the Foster side of the line, was built in 1867, the second one in 1870, and the third one in 1876. The last two are on the Butler side of the line. George W. Kemmerer was appointed postmaster in 1867. At first the mails were received from Eckley; they are now received daily by the railroad. H. M. Merrick is the postmaster. In 1866 the company built a first class machine shop, where all its own work is done from the raw material. The company store, the only one here, was built in 1866. The Upper Lehigh Hotel, built by the Upper Lehigh Coal Company, was opened for the reception of guests January 28th, 1869, by Conrad Seiple as manager. This is the only hotel in the place. The village is well supplied with pure spring water from the reservoir on the north side, above the doable school-house. The water is carried in pipes to all parts of the town, and to the breaker?. The Upper Lehigh cemetery was laid out into lots in 1866. T. J. Mays is the resident physician, employed on a salary and paid by assessment alike upon the employers and employed. There are at this place two churches (Presbyterian and Welsh), and a Methodist Episcopal society without a church; a store, three school-houses and four schools, a hall, a shoemaker, and 1,400 inhabitants. MINES AT UPPER LEHIGH. The mines were opened by the Upper Lehigh Coal Company in the summer of 1866, and the first shipment of coal was made in March, 1867. There are two CHURCHES AT UPPER LEHIGH. Welsh Baptist. — This society was organized in 1868 in the double school-house, by Rev. John Johnson. He was succeeded by George H. Hammer, who was the first regularly installed pastor of the church, and remained with it seven years. The church is located on the south side of Main street, and was built in 1873 at a cost of $3,500. William Powell was at first and is now one of the deacons, elders, and trustees. The church is without a pastor. The present membership is 90. The value of the church property is $3,000. There is a flourishing Sunday-school, with E. M. Williams as superintendent. Presbyterian. — This church owes its origin at this place to members of the Upper Lehigh Coal Company who belonged to the Presbyterian Church previous to locating here. John Leisenring, now of Mauch Chunk but at the lime referred to mining coal at Eckley, was the first to purchase the land on which the present church edifice is built. With him were associated such Christian gentlemen as Samuel B. Price, Daniel Bertsch, jr., and Walter Leisenring. No sooner were the mines in full operation than these men set about securing a place of worship, not only for themselves but for those in their employ. For a time they were supplied alter- nately by Presbyterian and Methodist ministers, and used an extemporized house of worship. The church ^-^^ 2s8 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. w.is fonnally organized June 28th, 1868, by a committee ap])ointed by the Presbytery of Luzerne for that purpose, with the following members: Mrs. Harriet B. Price, Miss Leisenring, Parker Price, Mrs. Anna Oliver and Mr.=. Mary Jamison. An election for elder was held, which resulted in the choice of Parker Price. The present church was built in 187 1 at a cost for building and furnishing of about $4,500. The present value of the church property is $4,000. Rev. John Johnson was the minister who gathered a nucleus for a church. With him Rev. Mr. Day, a Methodist minister, labored in preaching the gospel. Mr. Johnson continued to supply the pulpit, with the approval of the Presbytery, until the spring of 1870. Nov. ist, 1870, Rev. George H. Hammer commenced his labors as a supply, which he continued until Nov. i8th, 1877. The present pastor. Rev. D. McLeod, a member of the Presbytery of Hudson, N. Y., commenced his labors as stated supply. GOOD templars' LODGE AT UPPER LEHIGH. Peerless Lodge, No. 1,283, Independent Order of Good Templars was instituted Feb. 5th, 1878. The original officers of the lodge were Thomas Jackson, W. P. C. T.; William Stafford, W. C. T.; M. E. Beyer, W. V. T.| George Vanauker, W. S.; Alexander Vanauker, W. F. S.; W. M. Trescott, W. T.; Henry Helmer, W. M.; Emory Shelley, W. L G.; Evan Moses, W. O. G,; Charles Tres- cott, W. C; W. D. Stafford, L. D. The regular meetings of the lodge were held in the Butler school-house from the date of organization until the following October, since which time the lodge has occupied the Foster school-house. The succeeding presiding officers have been M. E. Boyer, George Vanauker, James Brookmire, Thomas Eastwood, Charles Croll, and W. G. Stafford. The lodge is in a flourishing condition. The officers for 1880 are: J. W. McMurtrie, W. C. T.; Thomas Eastwood, W. V. T.; M. E. Boyer, W. S.; W. W. Tres- cott, W. F. S.; Emory Shelley, W. T.; J. Sneddon, W. M.; WilHam Kloss, W. S. G.; William Shelley, W. O. G.; Thomas Terry, W. C; W. G. Stafford, L. D. ^ WHITE HAVEN BOROUGH. ^HE act of the General Assembly of 1843 by which this borough was incorporated stipu- ulated that the place of holding the borough elections should be " the house of Isaac Rip- ple," and that the first election for borough pur- poses should be on the first Monday of September following, and others annually thereafter on the third Friday in March. The first annual borough election took place March 17th, 1843. George W. Butler was elected judge for the occasion, George Straub inspector, and Edward P. Tut- tle clerk. The following persons were elected to fill the several offices of the borough: Chief Burgess, Joseph Yardley; councilmen — Abiathar Tuttle, John Shefferstine, Jacob Zink, Samuel Hunter, Jonathan Brock and David Dean; constable, James B. Weller; street commissioner, John Wasser; overseer of the poor, Lucius Blakeslee. At a meeting of the town council March 20th, 1843, at the office of Abiathar Tuttle, they formed themselves into a board, and by lot divided themselves into two classes as follows: First class — David Dean, Samuel Hunter and John Shefferstine; second class — Abiathar Tuttle, Jacob Zink and Jonathan Brock. David Dean was appointed clerk of the council for the ensuing year. The election held March 17th, 1843, having been de- clared null and void by the Court of Common Pleas of Luzerne county, the Legislature authorized a special elec- tion for the third Monday of May, 1848. An election was accordingly held ''at the house of Samuel House," when the following officers were elected: Chief Burgess, Jos- eph Yardley; councilmen — David H. Taylor, Edward Lockwood, Horatio G. Hoven, David Dean, Daniel Was- ser and I. Cowley Past; street commissioner, George Ar- nold; high constable, Wayne Sprowl; director of the poor, David Dean. I. Cowley Past was appointed clerk of the council for the ensuing year. Since Mr. Yardley the following persons have served as chief burgess for the borough, and for the years named: 1849-51, Edward Lockwood; 1852, Frederick H. Bund; 1853, John H. Nace; 1854, David H. Taylor; 1855, Washington Torbert; 1856, Josiah W. Enbody; 1857, Stephen Bolles; 1858, i860, 1863, Jacob Wirtler; 1859, Samuel Hunter; i86r, 1862, Robert R. Morgan; 1864, S. W. Trimmer; 1865, George R. Crellin; 1866, Lucius Blakeslee; 1867, 1870, Theodore Smith; 1868, 1869, 1872, Bradley Childs; 1871, Otto Kaiser; 1873, Edwin Shortz; 1874, Daniel Steele; 1875-77, Henry Kaiser; 1878, 1879, Charles Kleckner, the present burgess. The town council for 1879 was composed of the fol- lowing named persons: John J. Baker, jr., John W. Levan, Jerome Scott, George W. Horton, Rudolph Feist and Samuel Wallace. The clerk was S. Maguire. The following is a list of the justices of the peace elec- ted for the borough since it was chartered, and the year of their election: David Dean, 1850, 1862, 1870, 1875; G. L. Staples, 1852,1857; Joseph Knauss,iSss; Lucius Blakeslee, i860; Jacob Ruger, 1865; William Eddinger, i868, 1873; B. F. Ricker, 1873; E. C. Wasser, 1873; E. P. Tuttle, 1875; E; P. Morris," 1876. Beginnings and Growth. White Haven was first settled in 1824, by John Lines, and named in honor of Josiah White, who was an early, prominent and enterprising citizen and the builder of the old fashioned "bear trap" locks that made the Lehigh navigable as far above here as Stoddardsville, and were in use as late as i860, when the old Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company used the river above and the so-called =^H- ^4 ## EARLY HISTORY OF WHITE HAVEN. 259 canal below White Haven as a means of transportation. The Lehigh valley canal wa's built from Easton to Mauch Chunk and packets commenced running in July, 1829. In 1835 the canal was commenced at White Haven. A basin was constructed along the bank of the river at the upper end of the town, with a lock and a dam across the river at the upper end of the basin. This basin, lock and dam still remain intact, as a monument to the indomitable perseverance and enterprise of Mr. White and the Le- high Navigation and Coal Company. This dam and lock were designated as dam No. i, the numbers increasing down stream. At that time the hills on either side of the river at this place were thickly covered with pine timber, that would row be considered very valuable. The company as soon as possible, and even before the canal was finished, built a saw-mill near the upper end of the basin, on the river side, and cut out the lumber necessary in building the original dam across the river a little above where the Le- high Valley Railroad crosses. Other saw-mills were soon built, and in a short time White Haven was one of the busiest lumber depots in the State. It continued so as long as plenty of logs were within a reasonable distance, and as late as 1 860 there were ten large saw-mills at this place, cutting out annually an aggregate of 20,000,000 feet of lumber. White Haven at that time was an inter- esting place, both on account of the gigantic series of dams and locks and the magnificent wildness of the nat- ural scenery. This also became the great depot for the sale of the immense amount of lumber manufactured at the then numerous mills on the river above, between here and Stoddardsville, as the navigation company ran their boats up through the old bear-trap locks to that place. The second saw-mill at White Haven was built in 1836 by Mr. Stenson Crouse, a little further down the river. The old canal locks and dams were swept away by the great freshet of 1862. The fast canal packet "Washing- ton," commanded in 1835 by Captain Hillman, is super- seded by two first class lines of railroad. The little old school-house and church combined has given place to a fine large school building and five churches of modern size and architecture, and the three or four houses have so multiplied as to contain a population of 1,408. The single old road that lay along the bank of the river has become the main street of a flourishing town, and the lit- tle old tavern has been superseded by the railroad res- taurant, where hundreds of travelers are daily fed. The first family to make a permanent location in this townshfp and borough was that of John Lines. He came from Hanover township, six miles below Wilkes-Barre, in the latter part of April, 1824, having his household goods on a sled, drawn by a yoke of oxen. Aside from his family, and good health, the sled load of goods comprised all his earthly possessions. He located at Linesvilje. just over the hill back of White Haven, on Lines creek, Here he built a log house in May, 1824, which was sub- sequently destroyed by fire, when he built a house of hewed logs, which is still standing, and now owned by the Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company. In that house Mr. Lines kept the first tavern in White Haven. The next tavern in the borough was where the White Haven House now stands, on the corner of Wilkes- Barre and Railroad streets. The first plank house in the borough was built by John Fordsman in 1837, rn the corner opposite the White Haven House, and it is now owned by James Trimmer. The first school-house in the borough was built in 1838, of rough logs, and stood in the rear of where C. Kleckner's store now stands, on Basin street. The site is occupied by the track of the Lehigh Valley Railroad. The iron foundry and machine shops at White Haven were built in 1839, by the Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company, and Messrs. Miner & Lippincott were the op- erators. The concern originally stood about half way up the basin, and in 1866 or 1867 was moved to where it now stands, between the lower end of the basin and the river. It is now owned and operated by Samuel Wallace. The pioneer store was kept by A. O. Chahoon. It was of rough logs, was built in 1835, and stood at the lower end of Susquehanna street, near where the Lehigh Hotel formerly stood. The nearest trading points at that time were Wilkes-Barre, Berwick and Mauch Chunk. The pioneer physician in this place was Dr. Boyd. He came from Wilkes-Barre, and was employed by the Lehigh Navigation Company on a salary raised by as- sessment upon the men employed by the company. Most of the large coal companies employ physicians and pay them in the same way. The first resident lawyer here was Gaius Halsey, a native of the borough. He commenced practice in 1870. The post-office was established in 1835, with William Hoven as postmaster. It was kept in the old log store at the foot of Susquehanna street. The mails were brought on horseback once a week from Wilkes-Barre. The first saw-mill was built by John Lines in 1826 or 1827, on Lines creek, near where he built his house. He had in connection with his mill a turning lathe, for making posts and rounds for old-fashioned splint bottom chairs. The market for them was at Wilkes-Barre, Ber- wick and Allentown. They had to be hauled to those places with an ox team, and the boy John, who is now an old man, living in White Haven, was the teamster on those long trips. The journey to Wilkes-Barre and back took three days, to and from Berwick four, and to Allen- town and return six days; provided the roads were pass- able, and the " chair stuff " found a brisk market in exchange for such things as were necessary for the sus- tenance of the family. The first brick building in the borough was built in 1851, by the Odd Fellows' Hall Association, and it is now standing on Basin street. The White Haven Standard was published by Mr. Miner from 1876 till the ist of November, 1879. The White Haven water works reservoir was built in 1856 on lots 20, 22 and 24, which were purchased of the Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company for $300. The borough is bountifully supplied with pure spring water from the mountains of Foster township. ^^ 260 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. During the war of 1861-65 the borough furnished more than its full quota of men, paying large bounties, for which bonds were issued. The bonds are all paid and the borough is free from debt. The Lehigh Boom Company was organized May 7th, 1868. The original directors and officers were as fol- lows: Directors — John Brown, Bradley Childs, Edwin Shortz, David H. Taylor and William D. Brown; pres- ident, John Brown; secretary and treasurer, Edwin Shortz. The booms were located on the Lehigh river in the immediate vicinity of White Haven, and their capacity is 30,000,000 feet of lumber. The present directors are John Brown, William D. Brown, C. L. Keck, A. Lewis and J. Staufifir. President, John Brown; secretary and treasurer, Charles L. Keck. Besides the mills in White Haven the company supplies four other mills farther down the stream and a steam saw-mill above the upper dam. The Knickerbocker Ice Company, of New York, has built a large ice house at this place, and gathers large crops of ice here. There are now at this place four saw-mills, a foundry and machine shop, four hotels (White Haven, Mansion, Eagle and Pacific), several saloons, the usual number of dry goods and grocery stores for a place of this size, several wagon, blacksmith and other shops, a job print- ing office, a graded school building, a public hall, five churches (Methodist Episcopal, Protestant Episcopal, Lutheran, Presbyterian and Roman Catholic), and the stations of the Lehigh Valley Railroad and the Central Railroad of New Jersey, at both of which all passenger trains stop. John K. Torbert is the postmaster, and the office is kept on Basin street. Fire Department. The White Haven fire department was organized June 25th, 1877, at a meeting of the following named gentle- men: R. I. Westover, Henry Kaiser, John Fisher, Samuel Wallace, Bradley Childs, John Fiel, Stephen Maguire, Benjamin Jacoby and James Ray. The follow- ing officers were elected: Henry Kaiser, president; Sam- uel Wallace, chief engineer; Stephen Maguire, secretary and treasurer. The White Haven Water Company was organized in 1856, and a reservoir built on Church, between Buffalo and Hemlock streets; over it was built a brick building, Xhe lower part of which is used for an engine and hose house, and the upper rooms for a town hall. The borough the same year bought a steam fire engine of the Silsby Manufacturing Company, of Seneca Falls, N. Y. Charles Kleckner is the president of the department. The rest of the officers are the same as at first. White Haven Savings Bank. This bank was opened January 2nd, 1872, with the fol- lowing directors: A. F. Peters, Charles L. Heck, John R. Crellin, Samuel Wallace, Gains L. Halsey and Charles Kleckner. The officers were: President, A. F. Peters; vice-president, Charles L. Keck; cashier, Samuel Dunbar. Mr. Dunbar resigned in three -months, and Reuben King, his successor, served but three months. Stephen Maguire, the present cashier, was then elected. The directors, president, and vice-president are as at first. The author- ized capital of the bank is $25,000, with the privilege of increasing it to $50,000. Churches of White Haven, presbyterian. Rev. Richard Webster, for a long time pastor of the Presbyterian church at Mauch Chunk, a man of much missionary spirit, was intimately connected with the or- ganizing of this section as a missionary enterprise, as was also Dr. John Dorrance, of Wilkes-Barre. At the first meeting of the Presbytery of Luzerne, in September, 1843, supplies were appointed for White Haven. In the spring of 1844 Rev. Darwin Cook, a missionary, was directed to give one Sabbath a month to White Haven. There was only one Presbyterian in the neighborhood. A Sabbath-school was also started at the time. Subse- quently Rev. Mr. Moore, who preached at Beaver Mea- dow, was appointed to spend one Sabbath morning in each month at White Haven. In February, 1848, Rev. David Harbison entered upon ministerial labor in con- nection with Beaver Meadow. The Presbyterians having held their services thus far in a plain one-story school-house, it was determined to erect a church, and in the summer of 1849 the corner stone was laid by Rev. Richard Webster, of Mauch Chunk. The edifice was placed on the public ground, means being limited. The building was dedicated free from debt December 25th, 1851, and stood on the north- east corner of the graveyard on the hill. It now stands on Northumberland street and is used as a dwelling. The present Presbyterian church of White Haven was organized December 6, 1850, with twenty-three members, three of whom are still in White Haven — Mrs. Rosanna Morris, Mrs. Lavina Peters and Mrs. Margery S. Childs. At the time of the organization William Davis was or- dained elder. Rev. Samuel A. Gayley came here in June, 1850, and labored six months. He organized the Sunday-school and preached with much success. Rev. James Scott preached here in the summer of 185 1 ; Rev. John F. Baker from 1852 to 1854; Rev. Joseph W. Porter, a licentiate, from May, 1854, till the autumn of 1857, when he was succeeded by Rev. Jona- than Osmond. Rev. James M. Salmon was pastor from August ist, 1863, till August ist, 1873. During his pastorate the present church on Berwick street was built. The corner stone was laid October 4th, 1868, with a sermon by Rev. Dr. I. Z. Grant, of Easton; and Rev. Dr. S. C. Logan preached at the dedication, December 2tid, 1869. The amount of indebtedness, $1,400, was provided for at the time, so that this house, like the first one, was dedicated free of debt. ■^^ =-4l CHURCHES OF WHITE HAVEN. 261 Hh Mr. Salmon was the first installed pastor. Rev. P. B. Cook was the supply liere from November, 1873, till No- vember, 1875; and the present pastor. Rev. N. I. M. Bogert, began his labors April ist, 1876. The elders are E. P. Morris and Samuel R. Porter; deacons, J. E. King and L. Levan; trustees, E. P. Mor- ris, S. R. Porter, J. E. King, A. F. Peters, C. S. Keck and William Buckalew. The church has a membership of sixty-three. The Sunday-school numbers one hundred and twenty-five scholars. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. The Methodist Episcopal church of White Haven was organized in 1835, in the old log school-house that stood back of where Charles Kleckner's store now stands. The following were among the original members: Abiathar Tuttle and wife, Elizabeth Torbert, George F. Tench and George Muer. Rev. George Bergstresser, a veteran itin- erant, was the first Methodist preacher in this immediate vicinity, and was present at the organization of the so- ciety. The first class leader is supposed to have been Abiathar Tuttle. The present church was built in 1839, when Rev. Jo- seph A. Ross was the pastor. In 1858 the annual confer- ence made White Haven a station, with Rev. John A. Price as pastor, who remained two years. Since then the pastors have been: Revs. R. E. Wilson, two years; D. S. Monroe, one year; B. F. Stephens, two years; Samuel Thoma.s, two yeajrs; Henry G. Dill, one year; William C. Hesser, three years; John A. De Moyer, one year; J. B. Akers, two years; Emery T. S warts, two years: A. M. Kester, two years, and J. T. Wilson, the present pastor (1879), two years. The value of the church property is $5,000. The Sunday-school is in a flourishing condition, under the superintendence of the pastor. ST. PAUL'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CONGREGATION. This congregation was organized February 28th, 1864, by the Rev. Hermann Reif, who had been sent as a missionary to this region by the Lutheran Ministerium of Pennsylvania. At its first communion, held April 3d, 1864, the follow- ing persons commirned: John G. Baetz, Adam Baetz, John Feil, Nicolaus Geuss, Frederick Holraann, Freder- ick Krueger, Frederick Mellies, J. Peter Moyer, Daniel Shantz, Margaret Baetz, Barbara Braudmeier, Gertrude Fuehr, Barbara Geuss, Lavina Heimbach, Catharine Krue- ger, Johanna Kaiser, Pauline Mellies, Ella A. Moyer, Kate Moyer, Sophia Vollmer, Susanna Washburn. The first officers of the congregation were: Elders, Nicolaus Geuss, Frederick Krueger; deacons— Frederick Mellies, J. Christian Heimbach. At the meeting of the Lutheran Ministerium of Penn- sylvania held at Pottstown in May, 1864, the congre- gation was regularly received into that body, and it has ever since been in connection with it — the constitution of the congregation does not allow any minister to be called as its pastor unless he is or is about to be con- nected with that body. •:■: For more than a year the congregation worshiped in the Presbyterian church, but difficulties arising, and the want of a place of worship of its own being more and more felt, two lots were purchased during the summer of 1865, and a church and parsonage erected thereon. The corner stone of the church was laid June 25th, 1865, by the Rev. C. F. Weldon, missionary superintendent of the ministerium, assisted by Rev. F. J. F. Shantz and the pastor. Rev. G. F. W. Giiensch; and on Christmas of the same year it was consecrated by the Rev. C. W. Shaeffer, president of the ministerium, assisted by Rev- A. T. Garsenheimer and the pastor. The present value of the church property is about $4,000. The congre- gntion was organized as a German congregation, but on February 3d, 1868, by-laws were adopted allowing the —pastor, "if willing and able,'' to preach sometimes in the English language. Since then the evening services have been regularly held in the English language, and with most favorable results — the attendance at these being fully as large as that of the German morning service. For eleven years this was a mission congregation, and in connection with the congregations at Eckley, Jeddo and Weatherly formed the White H.iven charge. In 1875 the congregation became self-supporting, called its own pastor, and has ever since faithfully and liberally supported him. Since its organization about 300 persons have been re- ceived from other churches and by confirmation. The present communicant membership is about 225. The following ministers have served this congrega- tion: Rev. H. Reif, 1864, 1865; Rev. G. F. W. Guensch, 1865-68; Rev. J. H. Schmidt, 1868-75; Rev. W. H. Lau- benstein, 1875-77. Rev. G. T. Weibel, the present pastor, took charge of the congregation June ist, 1878. The present officers of the congregation are: Pastor, Rev. G. T. Weibel; elders, Henry Hemsath, Jacob Klumb; trus- tees, John Koib, Henry Hemsath; deacons, Owen Moyer, John Kolh, G. Huetlinger, Robert Earnhard. There is a fiourish'ng Sunday-school connected with the congregation. It was organised in May, 1866, with .about 40 scholars and but few teachers. Its first super- intendent was Mr, Samuel Tucker. The school is now conducted alternately in the (jer- man and English languages. German and English hymn books and text books are used, and the classes are ar- ranged according to language — German classes with German teachers, and English classes with English teach- ers. The school numbers about 300- scholars and 40 teachers. It has a fine library of about 300 volumes of German and English books. Its present officers are: German superintendent, John Kolb; English superinten- dent, James Deterline; sec, Frederick Baetz; treas., John Feil; librarian, Edwin W. Feist. ST. Patrick's church and congregation. St. Patrick's Roman Catholic church is situated in the southwest portion of the town, on rising ground suffic- iently elevated to overlook the entire borough. It is built on two lots each 40 by 150 feet, extending north and <^ ^h 2^2 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. south from Maple to Alleghany street, and fronting on another street. The building is of wood, 34 by 60 feet, and 18 feet in the clear. It makes no pretension what- ever to architectural beauty; is painted plain white on the outside, the pews in walnut color. The corner stone wis laid in October, 1866, by the Right Rev. James Wood, D. D., his immediate jurisdiction at that time still ex- tending over Luzerne county. He was attended during the ceremonies by Revs. Noonan and Filan. The concourse of spectators was very large, very few of the inhabitants of the borough ever having witnessed such a ceremony be- fore. The frame work of the church was put up by con- tract during the year, without, however, being plastered or having any pews inserted. The work was done under the supervision of the Rev. Mr. Noonan, and together with the lots cost about $2,400. Money was most liber- ally donated by the Rev. gentleman, members of the con- gregation and men of all denominations res'iding in the borough, donations ranging from $100 downward. Mr. John McAndrews and John Glynn acted as collectors, and the latter also as treasurer. The number of Catholics in the borough and vicinity was estimated at eight or nine hundred. They were mostly employed on the railroads then in process of con- struction. This number has since, as employment became more scarce in the vicinity, steadily decreased by emi- gration to other parts, till at present the congregation does not number more than 450 souls all told. The first Catholic settlers of this region were Francis Lynch and Patrick Dolan; the foriner made his home here about 1840. In the next ten years the number of Catholics gradually increased and they were visited once a year from Honesdale by the Rev. Mr. Fitzsimmons, who used to hold services at the house of James and afterward of Francis Lynch. During 1850 the Rev. Mr. Sharp at- tended to the spiritual wants of the Catholics of White Haven, and the Rev. P. O'Shanghnessy during 1851, both coming across the mountains from Wilkes-Barre, the whole distance covered by an almost unbroken forest. A congregation being organized about this time at Lowry- town. Carbon county. White Haven and vicinity was attended from there by the Rev. A. Sullivan, who in 1853 bought a house in Denison township, in the por- tion commonly known as "Jerusalem." This house served as a church till the present structure was erected within the borough. After the Rev. Mr. Sullivan's death, which occurred about four years later, the Rev. Mr. Noonan succeeded to the charge of the congregation. He visited White Haven every three months when cir- cumstances permitted during a period of ten years. It was by his exertions that the present church was finally erected, the old one having long since become far too small. He was succeeded in 1867 by the Rev. Mr. Mul- len, who visited the church once a month from Ecklev, to vchich place he transferred his residence. In 1868 the diocese of Scranton was organized, which comprised both Eckley and White Haven in this direction, and the latter place was henceforth attended by the clergyman in charge of St. Mary's church, Eckley. The Rev. Mr. Mullen was ^- for some time assisted by the Rev. Mr. Tracy, and after- wards by Rev. M. J. Fallihu, who after the death of Father Mullen remained in charge of both places. He held services at White Haven every two weeks until, in 1873, he received an assistant in the person of Rev. J. Bergan. After this St. Patrick's church was visited every Sunday. Finally, in Sept., 1874, the Rev. M. J. Bergath was ap- pointed resident pastor of this congregation. He took rooms at the White Haven Hotel, where he continued to board for two years. During the same autumn he went about from house to house among his parishioners to take up a collection to purchase ground to be used as a cemetery, there being no Catholic burying place up to this time nearer than Lowrytown, a distance of at least eight miles. Enough money was raised to purchase three acres of suitable ground, from F. Lynch, on the Wilkes-Barre turnpike about one mile from the church. The ground cost $300, and about f 80 more was expended to clear one acre from stumps and stones, and lay it out in lots according to a plan drawn by the pastor. This work was completed in the spring of 1875, ^"d at the same time a choir gallery was added to the church. On the iSth of July, 1875, the Rt. Rev. William O'Hara, bishop of Scranton, visited White Haven and adminis- tered the sacrament of confirmation to a large number of persons, and in the afternoon of the same day he solemnly blessed the new cemetery in the presence of an immense , concourse of respectful spectators. During the cere- mony he was attended by the Revs. James Corcoran, D. D., of Philadelphia, E. V. McElhone, of Lowrytown, J. J. Cummiskey, of Hazleton, M. J." Fallihu, J. Bergan, of Eckley. During the fore part of the summer a choir was successfully organized, and made its first appearance at public worship on this occasion of the bishop's visit. A substantial picket fence was put around the lot on which the church is erected; vestments and other neces- sary church furniture and ornaments for the altar were procured. During the last week of August, 1876, a fair was held to raise funds for the erection of a residence for the pastor. It was liberally patronized and had an unprece- dented success. On' the ist of October the contract for the building was awarded to William O'Malley, of Pitts- ton, for the sum of fi.gSc. The building was to be completed before the new year, but on account of some unnecessary delay was not finished until near April, 1877, It is quite a handsome structure, fronting on Alleghany street. The house is handsomely furnished and" all the work and furniture was paid for at once, so that no debt rests on it. On New Year's day, 1878, the pastor announced to the congregation that he had determined with their co-operation to erect a building for school purposes, two lots adjoining the church lots having already been pur- chased for the purpose. Quite a number of men volun- teered to clear the lots, and this prelirninary labor was soon accomplished. Next the foundations were dug and the walls built, the lumber was soon on the ground and work was at once begun. The weather was mild during 4^ *^^= SECRET SOCIETIES AT WHITE HAVEN. 263 4= this season, and the work was never interrupted on that account. The building is thirty by forty feet, with en- trance and hall, making an addition of twelve by fourteen feet to the main building. The first floor is divided into two class-rooms, each eighteen by twenty-nine feet, lighted by six large windows. The second story, ten feet high, is occupied as a temporary dwelling by the teachers. A subscription list was opened before the building be- gan, and funds were most liberally contributed, one generous Protestant gentleman, who would not permit his name to be made known, making a donation of $100. September ist, 1879, Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, from St. Cecilia's Academy, Scranton, opened school in the building with an attendance of 186 pupils. Three sisters were left in charge — Sister M. Boniface, superior ; Sister M. Seraphine and Sister M. Rosalia. The branches taught at the school are, Christian doctrine, history sacred and secular, grammar, geography, arith- metic mental and written, reading, spelling and penman- ship; besides this the girls receive practical instructions in plain and ornamental sewing, etc. The more advanced boys are taught the elements of bookkeeping. Attend- ance at the school is free to all without distinction of creed or nationality. Instruction is imparted gratuitously, no charge being made any one for attending. The sisters' salary is raised by voluntary contributions, festivals, etc. The last debt on the school was paid in the summer of 1879, so that at present there is not a cent of indebted- ness resting on church, school or pastoral residence of St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Congregation of White Haven. Societies. odd fellows. Forest Lod^e, No. 251, was instituted on the 29th of July, 1847, the grand lodge of the State of Pennsylvania holding a special session for that purpose. The charter members were Lucius Blakslee, E. F. Washburn, Bradley Childs, J. C. Past, Charles A. Elliott, Abraham Ripple, John Lines, jr. The first election of officers resulted as follows: Lucius Blakslee, N. G. ; J. C. Past, V. G. ; Avery Knapp, sec; E. F. Washburn, treas. The presiding officers have been: J. C. Past, George W. Chowan, Bradley Cbilds, Avery Knapp, B. P. Bangs, John Taylor, Wayne Sprowl, H. Kitchen, W. S. Chowan, J. C. (ri-ay, E. P. Tuttle, G. L. Staples. J. Knauss, W. Jarrard, W. Torbert, H. -Maxwell, H. Getling, L. Willard, William Parsons, William Eddinger. W. Whitebread, Joseph Howe, A. T. Transue, Sol. Custard, P. Oberender, A. Gould, J. R. Crellin, C. Fulmer, Otto Kaiser, J. 0. Hurnbaoh, J. Drum- heller, Jacob Wolfe, G. W. Eddinger, John Kolb, Charles Nagle, John N. Eddinger, Jo.seph Specif, J. E. Dunlap, Levi Danner, J. Sensenbach, W. S. Nicholson, John H. Oplinger, Eev. James M. Salmon, S. A. Stearns, D. Kaiber, H. C. Driggs, J. N. Smith, J. Cullison, T. Detweiler, Philip Teel, E. P. Morris, W. H. Myers, T. H. Doll, W. J. Hapeman, J. N. Lee, A. Eddinger, J. Courtright. J. Eller and Joseph Elliot. The present officers are Joseph Elliot, N.G.; Joseph Jonas, V. G.; Daniel Karber, secretary; W. H. Myers, assistant secretary; Charles Leucht, treasurer. During the year 1857 a number of the members with- drew to organize White Haven Lodge, No. 457. The lodge has initiated over 500 members, and its old members are in all the States of the Union. White Haven Lodge, No. 457, was instituted November 17th, 1851, with the following charter members: Lucius Blakslee, Abram Ripple, Zachariah Brutzman, James Cole, Nathan Stark, Theodore Smith, Wayne Sprowl, Cyrus Stark, William Fish, William Steward, James McLawrence, William Leonard. The first officers of the lodge were as follows: N. G., Lucius Blakslee; V. G., Abram Ripple; secretary, James H. Kinney; assistant secretary, Isaac Gould; treasurer, Arthur Smith. The following were the officers whose term of office expired the 31st of March, 1880: N.G., George H. Knies; V. G., William Deterline; secretary, Daniel Heimbach; assistant secretary, James M. Deterline; treasurer, R. I. Westover; representative to grand lodge of Pennsylvania, —William Deterline; chaplain, Forrester Fellows; organist, Samuel Garris; trustees — Daniel Shautz (presidentj, William Deterline, William P. Mann, John Fiel and Daniel Heimbach (secretary). The Odd Fellows' Hall Association of White Haven was incorporated April 6th, 1874. The first directors were Cornelius Ziegenfeuss (president), Daniel Heimbach (secretary), John Lines, Daniel Shautz and James A. Miller. The association bought a lot on Basin street, and in 1874 built the present brick structure known as Odd Fellows' Hall. It is three stories high, thirty feet wide and seventy feet long, and cost $6,000. The directors are William Deterline, William P. Mann, John Fiel and Daniel P. Shautz; the last is president of the board, with Daniel Heimbach as secretary. MASONIC. Laurel Lodge, No 467, Free and Accepted Masons was instituted May 23d, 1870, with the following charter mem- bers: Edwin Shortz, R. I. Westover, D. Heimbach, E. Tattershall, Samuel Wallace, Niles M. Smith, J. M. Salmon, Edwin Voeste, B. F. Gould, John Fisher, Abram Ripple, C. B. Kern, George Kern, W. H. Heimbach, Henry Kaiser, J. W. Levan, A. Whittaker and J. W. Ray. The first officers were: Edwin Shortz, W. M.; John Fisher, S. W.; R. I. Westover, J. W. The regular communica- tions are held on the second and fourth Monday evenings of each month in Odd Fellows' Hall. The officers for 1879 were: R. I. Westover, W. M.; G. W. Wagner, S. W.; J. J. Baker, jr., J. W., and G. W. Koons, secretary. KNIGHTS OF HONOR. Li-high Lodge, No. 1,741, Knights of Honor was insti- tuted August 30th, 1879, with the following officers and charter members. Director, W. F. Streeter; vice-director, E. J. Marple; assistant director, A. P. CTiilds; reporter, Samuel Garris; financial reporter, Benjamin .Taooby; treasurer, John K. Torbert; chaplain, Forrester Fellows; guide, L. A. Miner; guardian, James A. Deterline; sentinel, Thomas Detwiller; past dictator, R. I. Westover; trustees— W. F Streeter, Edwin Shortzand Samuel Wallace; other members— James D. AVoodring, H. D. Spinner, Calvin Kcese, James Lee, M. W. Walp, Stod Driggs, W. H. Heimbach, J. H. Turner, George IT. Stinson, H. W. Pursill, S. S. Young, George H. Knies, Richard Heimbach, Daniel Heimbach, Albert Albee, James N. Deterline, William Deterline. John N. Eddinger, T. J. Heebner. =^^ *€^= =^N 264 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. The present officers are as at first, except that Samuel Heimbach is reporter. G. A. R. D. J. Taylor Post, No. 813, Grand Army of the Repub- lic, department of Pennsylvania, was organized November nth, 1878. The regular meetings of the post are held on the first and third Wednesdays of each month at Torbert's Hall. The officers for 1879 were: Rev. J. T. Wilson, P. C; J. D. Wearing, S. V. C; W. H. Heimbach, J; V. C; J. K. Torbert, adjutant; W. W. Mabey, S. M.; John Fisher, Q. M.; Aaron Eddinger, Q. M. S,; Josiah Lower, O. D.; Fred. Kegley, O. G.; C. H. Drake, surgeon; Daniel Keiper, chaplain; David Shaffer, bugler,and H. H. Wood, drill master. FREELAND BOROUGH. , HE site of Freeland is a part of the old Lind- say tract, purchased by Tench Coxe, who sold to Joseph Birkbeck, and he to Mrs. Margaretha Donop, wife of A. Donop, Esq. in 1872. They came from New York city and were the first settlers at Freeland. Their house, on the estate of Mrs. Donop, Front and Centre streets, was the first built here. She also owns and con- trols forty of the buildings and lots surrounding it. Im- mediately after the purchase Mr. and Mrs. Donop caused the land to be surveyed into a town plat, which they called Freehold, and September nth, 1876, the town was char- tered as Freeland borough. The miners' co-operative store on Walnut street, the first in this place, was opened in 1874, under the manage- ment of Joseph Lindpay. The town hall, on Ridge street between Front and Walnut, was built by Mrs. Donop in 1875. Henry Coons opened the second store in 1877, on the corner of Walnut and Centre streets, where he still re- mains in trade. Welch & Furey were the next to engage in the mer- cantile business, locating on the corner of Washington and Walnut streets. The first tavern was on Walnut street, built by A. Donop, and kept by John Jones, who is the present land- lord. The first blacksmith in this place was Peter Cunning- ham, who located on the corner of Washington and Front streets, where he is still engaged in the business. The first shoemaker was Ernest Stein, and the first physician Dr. Lloyd; and the first meat market was opened by Rudolph Ludwig. The present resident physician is Dr. King. There are two churches, Lutheran and Presbyterian. The first was built in 1876, by the united contributions of Presbyterians and Lutherans, and the other in 1880, by the Presbyterians. The present school-house was built in 1878, and John McDonald has thus far been the teacher. The works by which the town is supplied with water were constructed in 1880, by A. Donop and J. Birkbeck. There are in the borough eight stores, a bakery, eight taverns, two undertakers, two blacksmith shops, a town hall, and a boot and shoe store. There are three building and loan associations. The justices of the peace are A. Donop, elected De- cember 14th, 1876, and Isaac Goodman, elected in Febru- ary, 1880. The first burgess of the borough, Rudolph Lubrecht, was elected in 1876, and the present burgess, Dennis McCarthy, in February, 1879. Luther Dodson has been the only postmaster. The population of the borough is 624. _The cemetery between Freeland and South Heberton is owned by the Freeland Cemetery Association. The ' first interment in these grounds was that of William Birkbeck, in 1846. Mrs. Birkbeck has three other chil- dren buried in this cemetery, viz.: Agnes, John and Ann Victoria. FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP. HIS township was formed from portions of Kingston, Exeter and Dallas, in 1843, and was named in honor of Colonel John Frank- lin, one of the first settlers in Wyoming. The population is 593. One of the first settlers was Gideon Bebee, who lived on land now owned by the heirs of the late Rev. Oliver Lewis. The family moved away and the clearing was overgrown with bushes and young trees. About this time a Mr. Pease, living in Hanover, cleared a field adjoining Bebee, walking about sixteen miles to his day's work. He naturally gave it up, but the im- provement was known as Pease's field long after. These improvements were in the northeastern part of the town- ship. Olds hill takes its name from Ezra Olds, who came with his family from Connecticut as early as 1782. Michael Munson, also from Connecticut, built a house about this tinie where Salmon Munson now lives. He soon afterward moved to Ohio. Walter Munson, a rela- tive of Michael, came with his family from Connecticut in 1807, and built a house near where his son George now lives, below the Olds property. Mrs. Munson's maiden name was Mehetabel Trowbridge. They had ten chil- dren, of whom Salmon now lives on a part of the large tract once owned by his father. Mrs. Munson was Rhu- hamah Lewis, from Orange county, N. Y. Rev. George W. Munson married Sally Ann Lewis, and lives on the old homestead, where his parents died many years ago. Walter Munson, sen., lived on the banks of the Susnue- hanna, opposite Wyoming, before the massacre, and went ^h= =^¥ *^^ <^ EARLY SETTLERS IN FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP. 265 back to Connecticut on foot when he was five years old, under the conduct of his brother Wilmot. Captain Artemadorus Ingersol lived on lot 46 of the Connecticut claim, just below the Munsons. He was born in Connecticut, and was one of the Revolutionary soldiers entering the army when but fourteen years of age. He served throughout the war, married a Miss Newberry, and moved to Pennsylvania. He was a farmer and owned a saw-mill. His family consisted of six chil- dren who grew up, besides one little girl that died. His daughter Fanny married one of her teachers, named Guy Clark. At the close of the war of 181 2 he became dis- sipated and violent, and killed his wife with an ax, when she was living at Ithaca, N. Y., with their two chil- dren. Clark was executed, and the affair caused a great excitement at the time. Minerva Ingersoll married Al- vin Holmes, from New York State, and died nearly two years ago, aged about seventy-seven. The last one of the Ingersoll family in this part of the country, Mr. Holmes, died some years ago. They left quite a family. Captain Ingersoll died about forty years ago, and his wife soon afterward. Alexander Lord, born in Boston on the 19th of June, 1777, came to Pennsylvania in 1809. In 1813 he was a drummer for the Wyoming volunteers when they went to the frontier. He died on the 7th of September, 1859, aged eighty-two. Of his children (Cyrus, John, Stephen, Murphy, Alexander, George, David and one daughter) only Stephen and Murphy now live in the township. Abel Hall came from Connecticut about the same time as the Munsons, and settled on a farm near Mr. Lord's, just below what is now known as the Flat Rock school- house. The family lived there many years. The Rodgers family came from Connecticut about the same time as the other Connecticut people. They lived many years in Franklin, and it is said that Elisha Rod- gers built the first frame house in the village of Orange, which was standing a few years ago. He and his wife Rhoda both lived to a good old age. Their son Alaman- za married a Mrs. Tyrrel. Her grave, and that of Sylva, wife of Cyrus Mann, were probably marked by the first marble tombstones in the burying ground near the church. Elijah Brace came, it is believed, from Connecticut. He built a saw-mill and the first grist-mill in the town- ship, below the present village of Orange, on the road to Dallas. These mills were rebuilt in 1828 by Conrad Kunkle (who was the first postmaster in the township), but all traces of them are gone. Elijah Brace lived where Ira Hallock built his barn. He died in the prime of life, but his wife, whose maiden name was Susannah Burrell, lived to be old. Of their children Harvey Brace lives in the village of Orange. He and his sister Perlina are the only members of the family left in the township. Daniel Brace, a relative of Elijah's, came afterward from New York State. He died in the township. His son William (about eighty years old) is living in Franklin. Thomas Mann was one of the early settlers, coming from New Jersey. He lived where Charles Frantz lives. Josephus Cone (who lived near where Isaac Davenport lives), Amos Jackson, Robert Moore, Jacob Halstead, Benjamin Decker and Jonas Wood, were all old settlers. David 0. Culver about 1790 moved from near Schoo- ley's mountain. New Jersey, to the farm where he lived and died, in the northeast part of the township. The Culver family sprung from two brothers, who were among the pilgrims in the " May Flower." The father of David Culver, whose name was also David, came to Pennsylva- nia and bought three hundred acres of land, on which his son David settled. The latter married, before coming to Pennsylvania, Eunice Osborne, of Scotch origin. They had nine children. Of these Oliver was drafted in the war of 1812, and was on his way to Lake Erie when the news of peace came. He was afterward captain of a militia company. John Culver died in 1877, in the sev- enty-fifth year of his age, on the farm where he had always lived. Lewis, the youngest son, is still living in the town- ship, being the last one of the family. Of the children of John, Mary Dale and P. A. are known as contributors to various periodicals, both in prose and verse. On the eastern part of the Culver property, while the land was yet covered with woods, there was a rude fireplace, show- ing that it had been made for the purpose of cooking, in a spot that looked as if it had been an Indian camp ground. When the land was cleared it was destroyed. Rev. Oliver Lewis came to Pennsylvania some time after the Culvers and settled below them on the land once owned by Bebee. He was born in Connecticut, but from two years old lived in Orange county, N. Y., until he came here. He was for many years a local preacher of the M. E. church. He died a few years ago aged 77 years. Samuel Snell, from Tioga Point, N. Y., lived many years in Franklin and died a few years ago. His eldest son, Abram V. Snell, is the present justice of the peace. Most of the later settlers came from New York or New Jersey. The Winters family, the BadLes, the Corwins, the Sewards, the Hallocks and the Durlands came from Orange county, N. Y. ; the Casterlins, the Longwells and Dewitts from New Jersey. John Dewitt came with his family from New Jersey about sixty years ago, and settled in the southeastern part of the township, where his children still live. The Wintz family came from Ger- many and live near Flat Rock. The first saw-mill, known as the Ingersoll mill, was built by Lewis Jones, of Exeter. The first circuit preacher was George Peck. The first blacksmith was probably Abner Jackson. Orange. The village of Orange is situated nearly in the centre of Franklin township. We have learned from some of the oldest inhabitants that its original name was Drake Town, in honor of Jacob Drake, one of the first settlers at this point. Afterward it was named Unison, the post- office being of that name. After the township of Frank- in. was formed A. C. Thompson, who kept a store there, called the place Franklin Centre. It was not universally Hh <^ 266 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. known by that name; and, as there were other Franklins in the State, a new name had to be chosen. As quite a number of the families living there had come from Orange county, N. Y., it was decided to call the post-office Orange. The place has also been afflicted with one of those foolish and whimsical names which seem to be favorites with a certain class, namely, Pinchersville, derived as follows: Almanza Rodgers kept a store there forty or fifty years ago. All kinds of produce from the farm were taken in exchange for goods, as well as shingles, ax- handles, splint-brooms, etc. As a general thing the shingles were good, but a few dishonest backwoodsmen formed the habit of putting poor shingles in the inside of the bunch while all the good ones were in the outside. The merchant was cheated several times in this way, and he determined to outwit them. He got a pair of pincers so that he could pull out and examine the shingles. This became known, and the place came to be called Pinchers- ville. The merchant soon after removed to Illinois. Harley Green, from Orange county, N. Y., kept the store afterward. James Lawrence Brown, from Exeter, kept it a while. Abel C. Thompson kept the store after that; he sold out to Benjamin Baylor, from Plains, called " Uncle Ben." Benjamin Saylor generally followed mercantile pursuits, and finally sold out to James Hol- corab. Since then the store has changed hands several times; it is now kept by Henry Bodle. The post-office has usually been kept at this store, but it is now at the store of John B. Winters, the other mer- chant of the place. The population of Orange numbers about eighty per- sons. The village contains two stores, a hotel, school- - house, a wagon shop, a harness shop, a shoe shop, and two blacksmith shops. The church stands a little above the village, on the road leading to Tankhannock. The first hotel was kept by Peter Hallock. After him the landlords were John Worden, Jacob Shales, Dennis Alsop, Felton, Hiram Brace, Harvey Brace, Major Warring, Mrs. Warring, Housenick, Robinson, Thomas Totten, Albert Smith, Chauncey Calkins and the present proprietor D. A. La Barre. Some twenty-five years ago there was a Good Temp- lars' lodge in the village. About nine years ago the Sons of Temperance had a lodge, but this like the other was discontinued. The Orange Band of Hope is their successor, and perhaps the most successful of all. It was founded by Mrs. Victoria Seward, some four years ago. She was an earnest worker in the cause of religion and was the means of doing much good. She died sud- denly, two years ago. She was the only daughter of Harvey Brace. A. V. Snell was the president a long time, and helped to keep the organization in a flourishing condition. The membership includes both young and old. The first physician in the place was Dr. Skeels who lived many years ago where the Courtrights reside. Forty or fifty years ago Dr. Brace practiced here, and after him Dr. Parker. Later came Dr. Wm. Thomson, who now lives in Northmoreland; and after him Dr. *^^ McKee, who is now in Plymouth. The present physician is John C. Morris. The first roads passing through the place were the one from Wyoniing, over Olds hill, to Tunkhannock; the road to Northmoreland, and the one that started at the river, following Sutton creek and meeting the Wyoming road at Olds hill. This road has been somewhat changed at several points from its first location. Schools. The township contains five school-houses (Dymond Hollow, Michigan, Orange, Flat Rock and Good's), and about half of the pupils at the Sutton creek school-house are from Franklin, the school-house being near the town- ship line. This school has always been one of the best as several graduates from Wyoming Seminary and other well educated people whose early education commenced here can testify. The first school within the memory of the oldest inhabitants was taught by Amarilla New- berry, where Mr. Casterlin now lives. The next was in a log house above Raub's, and was taught by Ambrose Fuller; the next in another log house opposite Brace's saw-mill, taught by a sister of Elisha Harris, of Kingston township. School was also taught by William Calkins, in a log house that stood just back of John B. Winters's store. George Ochmig, of Wyoming, also taught there. Other teachers who taught in the vicinity were, Susan Farver, afterwards the wife of Daniel Lee, of Wyoming county; Henry Osborne, James Dickinson and Herring. The first house built for school purposes was a two story building, commenced about 1815, which stood where the present one in Orange now stands. During the past thirty years as many as forty school teachers have received their first instruction in Franklin. Religious Interests of Franklin. The early settlers were, like the present inhabitants, members of different churches; the Braces were Presby- terians; the Rodgerses Baptists, and the Munsons Metho- dists; and ministers of these different creeds used to preach occasionally in school-houses and private resi- dences. Joel Rodgers and Griffin Lewis were Baptist preach- ers, though they were called Independent, as they dif- fered in some respects from their church as to forms, &c. As there was a Presbyterian church at Northmoreland the ministers used to preach sometimes in Franklin, and ministers of the " Christian" church occasionally came. The first Sabbath-school here was organized in 1820 by the Rev. John Dorrance, a Presbyterian minister from Wilkes-Barre. The only church ever built in the place was the M. E. church, commenced in 1835 and finished some years after. The Methodist preachers meanwhile held meet- ings in the school-house. Some of the members of the first class were Samuel Carver and wife and Walter Munson and wife. Rev. George Peck was the minister, and Samuel Carver local preacher. Jabez Carver, a brother of Samuel, used to preach, and Marmaduke =^^ PREACHERS IN FRANKLIN— OLDEST INHABITANTS— JUSTICES— VOLUNTEERS. 267 Pearce used to hold meetings. The names of different ministers of the M. E. church who have officiated as cir- cuit preachers in Franklin are: "Father" Rounds, King Elwell, McRandall and Blackman, v.'ho preached here over forty years ago; Cooper, George Porter, Boswell, Dean, " Father" Davy, John D. Safford, John Mulkey, C. E. Taylor, Chubbuck, S. S. Kennedy, A. S. Shoemaker, Bronson, Olaf Morse, S. W. Weiss, Kellog D. Perso- nens, Henry Wheeler, J. G. Eckman, P. Holbrook, J. S. Lewis, Isaac Austin, A. J. Arnold, S. E. Walworth, Wil- liam Shelp and the present minister, Isaac Austin, who was formerly on the charge. C. E. Rice was also on this circuit, and George Greenfield. Taylor D. Swartz was on this charge in 1864, and in August of that year, when the Franklin and Exeter boys rallied to the call of their country by raising a company, he enlisted as a soldier among them, leaving his pastoral charge to be supplied by another. Being a universal fa- vorite with all, he was soon promoted chaplain of the regiment. He died of typhoid fever in March, 1865, at City Point, Virginia. His death was supposed to have been caused by his making too great exertions in build- ing a chapel in camp. His remains were taken to Mos- cow, his early home, for interment. His age was 29 years. The Oldest Inhabitants. Among the people have died at an advanced age in Franklin, Mrs. Mary Besteder died at the house of her son-in-law, John Culver, in 1861, in her 92nd year. Her rnaiden name was Mary Schuyler, and she was a near relative of General Schuyler of the Revolution. She lived in New Jersey when a child, and said she remembered hearing the roar of the cannon at the battle of Princeton. She had lived through the Revolution, and died just at the time when our civil war commenced. She had lived many years in Pennsylvania. Mrs. Mary Dymond died about five years ago, at the house of her son, Isaac Dymond, aged 105 years. She remembered many interesting events of the Revolution; among them, seeing General Washington and other great men. Her maiden name was Mary Lossing. She was born in New Jersey, but had lived many years in Penn- sylvania. These old ladies retained the powers of intel- lect until they died. The oldest man in the township is James Hadsall, whose 94th birthday occurred on the 20th of March, 1880. He is the son of Edward Hadsall, whose father James was killed by the Indians in 1778, just a little way down Sutton creek below where Mr. Hadsall now lives. He has spent most of his life in Exeter, but has lived in Franklin about thirty years. His wife is some years his junior. They have been married more than seventy years. Justices of the Peace. The first justice of the peace was Benjamin Newberry, who came with the early settlers and located where James Casterlin now lives. The following is a list of the justices who have been elected (the elections of 1875 and 1880 in March, the others in April): John R. Moore, 1844, 1853; Henry B. Howell, 1845; Ira Hallock, 1849; Eli R. Hallock, 1851; Charles Diir- land, 1851, 1856; James E. Durland, 1855; Milton Good, 1856, 1861; Palmer Harding, 1859; Daniel Davenport, 1864; Moses D. Ketcham, 1867, 1875; A. V. Snell, 1872, 1877 ; William Chandler, 1872 ; Walter Bodle, 1880. M. D. Ketcham moved to Nebraska, and Walter Bodle was elected to finish his term of office. Franklin during the Rebellion. Franklin township did her share toward putting down the Rebellion. A number of young men enlisted in the beginning of the war. There were drafts in 1862, 1863 and 1865. To prevent the draft in 1864 the township raised by subscription over $2,000, which was paid as a bounty to volunteers. There was a war tax in Franklin, which amounted to $3,000. The news of the draft of 1865 came about the time that peace was declared. The following are the names of the soldiers who went from Franklin: Joseph Hess, Coe Durland, Samuel B. Snell, Winfleld Snell, James Smith, Simeon Lewis, Jephtha Lewis, William Reisler, Hichard Watei-s, Georj^e Waring, John Morris, Martin Anthony, .John Anthony, Rn.«lin Ketcham, Oliver Smith, Samuel Smith, Isaac Howell, Charles Dymond, Mallery Williams, Matthew Pembleton, William Winters, Homer Ferrj', Charles Hadsall, Isaac Hadsall, AdelbertLord. Of these soldiers Joseph Hess was killed on the day that his term of service expired. George Waring, Oliver Smith and Adelbert Lord died in the service. Mallery Williams was a while in Libby prison. Samuel B. Snell was wounded on the ist of July, 1863, at Gettysburg, by a ball which entered his cheek and remained in his head until the following Christmas morning, when in coughing the ball came out of his mouth. Dr. J. B. Culver enlisted in 1862 at Shickshinny, with a company that afterward formed a part of the 149th Bucktail brigade. He was taken sick and discharged, but served as a surgeon until the close of the war, when he returned to Franklin, his former home. So far as is known, all of those soldiers who returned are yet living. John Price, of Franklin, enlisted in Wilkes-Barre in 1872, with a recruiting officer, and went out to fight the Indians. He served five years and returned to his home. Although Franklin was in the main loyal, there were some persons who were said to be in sympathy with the Rebellion. On this supposition, perhaps, a party of that class of people from some of the other townships came into Orange and entered a hotel, and began to hur- rah for Jeff Davis. As it happened a party of loyal young men were present, among whom were Rasselasand Myron Brown, Dr. J. B. and D. O. Culver, Chandler and Mallery Williams and Calvin Dymond. These young men soon cleared the room of the friends of Jeff Davis, besides whipping two or three of them soundly. Myron Brown and Calvin Dymond especially distinguished themselves. The party left, not as they came, in defiant mood, but glad to escape without broken bones. Hh =^¥ ^B= 268 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. HANOVER TOWiNSHIP. , HIS is one of the original townships laid out by the Susquehanna Company. It was first named Nanticoke, from the Indians who had a village on the site of Nanticoke borough. After the grant of the township was made to Captain Lazarus Stewart and his associates in 1770, under the Connecticut title, the name was changed to Hanover, which was the name of the township from whence they came, now in Dauphin county. In 1790, when the county was divided into eleven townships, the boundaries of Hanover included also what is now Wright, Denison and Foster. In 1796 this whole territory con- tained but 96 taxable inhabitants, 58 horses, in yoke of oxen and 152 cows. The population is now 2,000. The present township contains about 28 square miles, and is one of the chief coal producing townships of the Wyoming coal felds. Nearly the whole township is owned bv five great coal companies, viz. the Lehigh Navigation and Coal, Delaware, Lackawanna and Wes- tern, Wilkes-Barre Coal and Iron, New Jersey Coal and Susquehanna Coal Company. The following is a list of the justices of the peace elected in this township under the State constitution of 1838: Samuel Jameson, 1840; Israel Inman, 1840; John E. Inman, 1842; Samuel Pell, 1843, 1848, 1853; John Mensch, i847;Bateman Downing, 1852; Levi L. Nyhart, 1857, 1862, 1876; John Robins, 1858; Matthias H. Petty, 1865; Francis H. Clark, 1866; Reuben Downing, 1870; John Reilly, 1872; Lewis C. Green, 1873; John Evers, 1875. Early Times. The first house was built by Captain Lazarus Stewart, in 1 77 1, on the road between Button wood creek and the river, and north of the canal, the place known as the Alexander Jameson property. It was one and a half stories high, with an overshoot or projection all round, and loop holes on each side, so that it might be defend- ed against an enemy. The second house was built by Lieutenant Lazarus Stewart 2nd, in the same year, on the road between Buttonwood creek and the canal. The pioneer grist-mill was built in 1783, of logs, by Mr. Delano, on the site of the Behee mill, on Sugar Notch creek, where it crosses the road leading from Plumbton to the river road near the " red tavern." This mill had but one run of stones, and, like others of that day, was a slow concern. A grist-mill was built as early as 1825 by Richard Inman, at the foot of the falls on Solomon's creek, above Ashley. It was converted into a dwelling, and in the spring of 1850 it was carried down to the flats by high water. The mill at Nanticoke was built about 1820 by Colonel Washington Lee. The firsi school-house was on what is known as " the green," on the river road, and Henry Ernhart was the first teacher. One of the first roads through the township was the Middle road, from Wilkes-Barre to Hanover Centre and Newport. There was a road previous to this from Wilkes-Barre to the mouth of Buttonwood creek.^ Lorenzo Ruggles was one of the pioneer blacksmiths. His shop was on the Middle road east of Askam. He was also a plowmaker. The pioneer carding-mill was at Behee's, on the Sugar Notch creek, between Hanover Centre, or Askam, and the river road. The first public burying ground was that at " the green," adjoining the Reformed church. Among the pioneers were Comfort and Benjamin Casey. Comfort located where William O'Donnell now lives, a little north of Ashley. Benjamin settled at As- kam. They built frame houses, the first in this township. The following is a complete list of persons against whom a tax was levied in Hanover township in 1796: John Alden, Abraham Adams, David Adams, Edward Adgerton, Na- thanAbbott, Jonas Buss, Elisha Blackraan, jr., Stephen Burrett, Gideon Burrett, Joel Burrett, Thomas Brinlt, Rufus Bennett, Ishmael Bennett, Frederick Crisman, Nathan Carey. Wilh'am Caldwell, Elisha Delano' Richard Diely, Richard Dlely, jr., George Espy, Samuel Ensign, Jacob Flanders, Jacob Fisher, Cornelius Garrettson, Andrew Gray, John Hames, Benjamin Hopkins, John Hendershot. Henry Huber, Jacob Holdmer, William Hyde, Ebenezer Hibbard, Calvin Hibbard, John Hurl- bert, Naphtali Hurlbert, Christopher Hurlbert, Willis Hyde, John Jacobs, John Jacobs, jr., Edward Inman, Richard Inman, John Inman, Elijah Inman, jr., Jonathan Kellogg, Conrad Lyons or Lines, Conrad Lyons or Lines, jr., .Tamos Lesley, John Lutzey, John Lookerly, Adrian Lyons or Lines, Michael Marr, Thomas Martin, Samuel Moore, J. S. Mil- ler, Darius Preston, Josiah Pell, Benjamin Pott, Josiah Pell, jr., John Phillips, Jeremiah Roberts, John Ryan, John Robinson, David Robinson, James A. Hathbone, George Boueh, George Stewart, Edward Spencer, David Stewart, James Stewart, Dorcas Stewart, Josiah Stewart, William Stewart, Daniel Sinons, Peter Steel, David Steel, Abraham Sarver, Christian Saune, Archibald Smiley, John Spencer, John Treadway, Nathaniel Warden, Abner Wade, Arthur Van Wie, Ira Winter, Ashbei Wallis and William Young. Total ni. The Coal Interest of Hanover. At what date or by whom all the mines in this town- ship were opened it is impossible to state, as some of them have changed ownership so many times that all records that would furnish dates have been placed beyond our reach. However, we find in Pearce's Annals of Luzerne some items of interest, which we give. He says that in 1 813 James Lee, Esq., sent one four-horse load of coal from Hanover to Germantown, and continues: " In 1820 Colonel Washington Loe discovered coal in Hanover, on the Stewart property, which he had purchased, and in the same year he mined and sent to Baltimore 1,000 tons, which he sold at $S per ton. In 1833 the Wyoming Company connected their lands, .500 acres in Hanover, with the Nanticoke pool or slack water, by n railroad two miles in length and a basin, at a cost of $23,700. They shipped their first coal in 18i0, and in 1847 Colonel Hillman shipped 10,000 tonsof coal from theold Blaokman and Solomon's Gap, or Ross mines, to New York and Philadelphia. The sbaftof the Dundee Company in this township was sunk in 1880 to the depth of 792 feet, when the Nanticoke or Mill vein is struck, which is twehe feet in thickness. It is the first vein below the surface and the si.xth from the bottom. This proves the theory that the flats or low lands are underlaid with coal." The following brief accounts of the different mines and their workings are gleaned from the report of the inspector of mines for 1878, as none later had been pub- lislied at the time of writing. Franklin colliery, near Ashley, is operated by the Franklin Coal Company, with R. R. Morgan as general superintendent, William Thomas inside foreman and H^= ^^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, HANOVER TOWNSHIP AND ASHLEY, NANTICOKE AND SUGAR NOTCH BOROUGHS. . '^■ C. Paine, president; J. C. Wells, vice-president; Jan ■ 1. Snyder, cashier. THE ASHLEY CHURCHES. centenary METHODIST EPISCOPAL. Among the earliest itinerants to preach here was Rev. Epenetus Owen. He was one of the strong and effect- ive men of his time. Li 1842 " Peestown," Hoover Hill, Nanticoke, Newport, Lutzville, in Slocum township, and Stairville, in Dorrance township, were set off from the old Wilkes-Barre circuit. Mr. Owens was succeeded by Revs. Thomas Wilcox, James B. Cooper, John D. Safford, Timothy D. Walker, Z. S. Kellogg, Orloff F. Morse, Noah Patrick, O. F. Morse again, J. K. Peck, B. B. Emory, Frederick Illman, Erastus Smith, William Keaty, Joseph Whitman, Miner Swallow and A. D. Alex- ander. This circuit was in the Susquehanna Conference up to 1843, when the name was changed to Wyoming, and in 1846 the name of the circuit was changed to New- port mission. In 1869 Ashley was set off as a separate charge. Since Mr. Alexander the preachers at Ashley have been Revs. Asa Bowdish, J. G. Eckman, J. F. Wilbur, VV. S. Wentz, and J. Underwood, the present pastor. The class here was known as the " Pees neighborhood class." The members were Elijah Richards, leader; Louisa Richards, Samuel and Lydia Pees, Thomas and Maria Brown, Joseph and Sarah Barnes, Phebe and De- borah Williams, Christi.vn Saum, Hannah Miller and Rachael Crosby. The first official board was appointed in 1848, as follows: John Labar and William C. Morse, local preachers; Andrew Lutz, exhorter; Harvey Hol- comb, Lorenzo Ruggles, Ziba Kremer, Elisha Blackman and Stephen Lee, stewards. In 1868 the society built the present church, of brick, on Main street. It is forty by seventy feet, with base- ment, and cost $8,000. It was dedicated in November, 1869, by Rev. B. I. Ives. The society at present num- bers 150 members. The parsonage on the lot adjoining the church was built in 1S70, at a cost of $3,000. The church property is valued at $20,000. The Sunday-school was organized simultaneously with the society, and in 1851 Andrew Lutz was superintend- ent, and there were sixty scholars. John White was superintendent from 1855 to 1866. J. K. P. Fenner is the present superintendent, and the school numbers over 200 scholars. CO.ALVILLE PRESBVTERTAN CHURCH. About 1834 a Sabbath-school was organized by Wil- liam E. Gildersleeve, son of Rev. Cyrus Gildersleeve, in the old log school-house that stood on the left side of the road leading over to Buttonwood. There had been oc- casional preaching in this school-house by the Rev. Cyrus Gildersleeve of the Presbyterian Church, Rev. Mr. May of the Episcopal Church, and Rev. Mr. Owen of the M. E. Church. Sometimes services were held in the barn of Samuel Pease, near by. Before any church was built at Coalville, as it was then called, Mr. Gildersleeve and his family taught Sunday-school m the vicinity for about ten years, and during his sickness for two years Samuel Huntington took charge of the school, with Mr. and Mrs. Hoyt for assistants. ■'!•'= log school-house having become too small, a chii. ., was built in 1844. The building committee con- sisted of Frederick Detrick, Daniel Frederick, and David W. Inman. The lot was donated by George Lazarus, of Buttonwood, on condition that there should be no night meetings held. The church was finished in October, 1844, and the pulpit occupied by Rev. John Dorrance, of the Wilkes-Barre Presbyterian Church. After the death of Mr. Dorrance the church grew into importance only as the town increased in population. The deed for the church lot was obtained of the Baltimore Coal Company, Dec. nth, 1849. The pulpit was occupied for sometime by Rev. Thomas P. Hunt, the celebrated temperance advocate. Rev. Jacob Weidman served this church, Nanticoke, and Shickshinny for five years, closing his labors in 1865. The present pastor, William J. Day, began his ministry as an evangelist, in July, 1865. The church was organized January 17th, 1866, by the Presbytery of Luzerne, with 17 members. Daniel Frederick, Robert H. Johnson, and Robert Brown were chosen elders. In April. 186.S, subscription for a new church was opened and $400 was immediately subscribed. The new church was dedicated February 15th, t86o. Rev. Dr. J. T. Duryea, of Brooklyn, preaching the dedicatory sermon. The church complete cost $8,500. The old church was remodeled at a cost of $768, and dedicated November 13th, 1871, by Rev. H. H. Wells, of Forty Fort. It is occupied by the large and flourishing Presbyterian Sun- day-school. Rev. William J. Day was called as the pastor September 17th, 1873. In the summer of 1879 the church was repaired. The church property is valued at $10,000. The membership in 1844 was five, as follows: Mrs. Mary Steele (mother of Mrs. Daniel Frederick), Samuel Huntington and wife, Mrs. Preston, and John Foust. The present membership, including Mountain Top and Sugar Notch, is 260. SECRET SOCIETIES. ODD FELLOWS. Coalville Lodge, No. 689, I. O. O. F. was instituted December nth, 1869, with 22 charter members. The officers installed at the organization were: N. G., J. W. Cole; V. G., E. O'Neill; secretary, James Black; assist- ant secretary, F. H. Clark; treasurer, John Campbell. The present officers are: N. G., Henry Skillman; V. G., E. P. Henwood; secretary, E. O'Neill; assistant secretary^ S.N.Ruth; treasurer, Jacob Drumheller. The list of past grands comprises the names of J. W. Cole, E. O'Neill, John Campbell, H. S. Dennis, L. H. Carle, Wilson Beers, A. C. Fisher, S. B. Watson, C. B. Stivers, John Schwab, C. E. Goble, F. H. Clark, J. Drumheller, Elijah Doney, James Gilbert, W. F. Kreidler, Benjamin Mcintosh, George Belles and T. C. Williams. The lodge meets every Wednesday night in Odd Fel- lows' Hall. It has in members, and is in a flourishing condition. MASONIC. Coalville Lodge, No. 474, Ancient York Masons was instituted October 27th, 1870. The charter members were Amzi Lebar and the following first officers: James M. Snyder, W. M.; James Flemmings, S. W.; David H. Dotterer, J. W.; John Campbell, treasurer; John C. Wells, secretary; Rev. AVilliam J. Day, S. D.; Jeremiah N. Get- tle, J. D., and Peter Rudranft, pursuivant. * The succeeding masters of the lodge have been: James M. Snyder, James M. Flemmings, David H. Dotterer, John C. Wells, Morris J. Keck, William D. White, Benja- min F. Tucker, William H. Taylor and John H. Hunt. T ^4 *€^= -M^ 272 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. The regular communications are held on Tuesday evening on or before the full moon in each month, in Masonic Hall. The officers for 1879 were: Thomas C. Williams, W. M.; Daniel 0. Eroh, S. W.; Lines E. Tennant, J. W.; John B. Graham, treasurer; Benjamin F. Tucker, secre- tary. The present membership is 83. AMERICAN MECHANICS. y4s/!/ey Council, No. 149, Junior Order United Ameri- can Mechanics.— 'Y'Wk, council was organized May i8th, 1874, with the following charter members: George A. Coles, E. W. Cole, W. V. Warner, John A. Jones, Charles Beltz, Robert Dunlap, G. W. Jones, G. Leggett, T. W. Clark, Jerry Sassaman, W. F. C. Buchanan, Arthur E. Detro, J. F. Kibler, John Warner and Eldy Slacker. The first officers of this council were; C. D. Herring, councillor; A. E. Detro, vice-councillor; John A. Jones, recording secretary; Charles Beltz, assistant recording secretary; E. W. Cole, financial secretary; E. Slacker, treasurer; Robert Dunlap, conductor; George A. Coles, warden; John Warner, inside sentinel; G. W. Jones, outside sentinel; trustees — John A. Jones, Charles Beltz and George A. Coles. November 15th, 1874, the hall in which the council met was destroyed by fire, together with the property of the council. Meetings are now held on Monday evening of each week in the Ashley Bank Hall. The member- ship is 36, with a surplus capital of $500. The present officers are: Councillor, Charles Vanwhy; vice-councillor, William Colburn; R. S., George A. Coles; A. R. S., John Oplinger; F. S., William R. Reed; treas- urer, John A. Jones; conductor, O. L. Hillard; warden, Whittaker Johnson; inside sentinel, Sylvester Garrison; outside sentinel, Robert Dunlap; junior past councillor, A. E. Detro; trustees — Charles Vanwhy, A. E. Detro and Andrew Boyd; representatives to State council — A. E. Detro and William R. Reed; deputy State councillor, William R. Reed. Ashley Council, No. 268, O. U. A. M. was organized December 14th, 1875, with the following named ])ersons as charter members: William Swank, James Metz, Rus- sell Buchannon, Edward O'Neill, John Young, Simon Miller, Charles Keener, F. H. Clark, Charles R. Berry, John H. Johnson, Michael Warner, E. P. Henwood, John D. Johnson. J. H: Buchannon, John W. Johnson, Arthur E. Detro, Charles Nye, Elijah Halderman, M. E. Tiffany, Frank Pugh, David F. Reed. The officers serving the first term, commencing De- cember 14th, 187s, were: C, E. O'Neill; V. C, F. H. Clark; R. S., J. H. Johnson; A. R. S., M. E. Tiffany; F. S., John Young; treasurer, E. P. Henwood; Ind., James Metz; Ed., Russell Buchannon; L P., J. D. Johnson; O. P., J. H. Buchannon; trustees — W. Swank, 18 months; F. H. Clark, 12 months; E. O'Neill, 6 months. The subsequent councillors have been as follows: 1876, F. H. Clark; 1877, J. H. Johnson and E. P. Henwood; 1878, J. D. Johnson, John Young; 1879, J. W. Johnson, E. W. Breyer. The council meets every Friday night in Mechanics' Hall, Main street. NANTICOKE BOROUGH. 'P to the advent of the " paleface" this place was occupied by the Nanticoke tribe of In- dians; hence the name. They were attracted by the productive shad fishery. Near the river, on the west side of the -creek, was the , old camp of the Nanticokes. Upon and around the old camp ground have been found many relics of the red-man's skill. The Nanticokes' burial ground was between Broadway and the river, a little below the iron bridge. The plot of ground was a little elevated and mound-shaped. Here also many relics of the In- dians have been found, including their bones. In 1778 John and Mason F. Alden built a forge near Col. Washington Lee's grist-mill on Nanticoke creek. The forge contained one hammer and only one fire. The hammer was brought from Philadelphia to Harris- burg in a wagon, and from there to Nanticoke in a Dur- ham boat. The works were abandoned soon after 1828, having been in operation at least fifty years. The site of the borough was formerly owned by Wil- liam Stewart, who in 1798 surveyed it into town lots (Main street being laid out 100 feet wide), which were sold during that and a few succeeding years. He then sold the balance of the town to Matthias HoUenback, who sold to John Mills and others. Stewart paid his patent or land grant fees by labor performed- in 1825 on the Wilkes-Barre bridge. As late as 1820, when Silas Alexander located here, the whole of the territory south of Main street was a dense wilderness, and between Main street and the river the land was a swamp, considered worthless. There were then but two or three houses. John Mills located west of Spring street, and Esq. Campbell east of \A'alnut street. Esq. Jennison and Washington and James Lee came about the same time. Mr. Silas. Alexander says that he has assisted in taking from the river at one haul of the net 9,999 large shad. The price of shad at that time (1820-25) was from 5 to 8 cents each according to size, or one drink of New England rum per shad. The first coal mined at this place was mined by Col. Washington Lee about 1825. He opened his mine near the river, and as there was no market up the river for coal he shipped a little down the river in Durham boats. The Stiver mine was opened about 1825. The first school-house was built of logs, before 1820, on the site of the old union church, in the east part of the borough. The first teacher was Eliphalet Buckley, and in 1820 Silas Alexander was the teacher. Among the men who sent children to Alexander's school were Colonel Washington Lee, James S. Lee, Isaac Ripple, John Mills and Thomas Bennett. 4_-^- 4 ^h EARLY HISTORY OF NANTICOKE— CIVIL RECORD— INDUSTRIES. 273 The first tavern was kept by Matthias Gruver, on Main street, nearly opposite where O'Neill's store stands. In 1820 Thomas Bennett kept a tavern where Mrs. Rouse lives, and the wing part of the present building was the old tavern. In 1820, and for several years after, the site of the Nan- ticoke Hotel and Alexander's block was used for coal pits for the manufacture of charcoal. At that time the site of the Susquehanna Coal Company's works, on the flats in the north part of 'the borough, was a worthless swamp, which was subsequently drained at the expense of the State. The pioneer grist-mill, saw-mill, oil-mill and forge, or triphammer shop, were bailt in 1820 by John Oint, and sold to Colonel Washington Lee at or before completion. Lee built a distillery and store at the same place about 1825. These establishments were on Newport creek, near, the depot of L. & S. railroad, and some of the same sites are now occupied by the Susquehanna Coal Com- pany's breaker No. i, engine house and other buildings. The first blacksmith was Thomas Bennett. His shop stood opposite his tavern, where the National Hotel now stands. The coal he used was taken from the bank of the creek, near the iron bridge. He also tried the exper- iment of burning coal in a grate in his house. He used steamboat instead of stove or grate coal, therefore his parlor fire was not a success. The first resident physician was Alden I. Bennett, who came here in 1825. He was succeeded by Drs. Thomp- son, Robbins and Harry Hakes. The first postmaster, David Thompson, was appointed in 1830, and kept the office at his house on the hill, near where C. M. Richards now lives. In 1838 Mr. Thomp- son and Daniel Stiles built a store where Washington Lee's banking house now stands. The post-office was kept there a few years. In 1838 Henry Stains built a store on the site of the Susquehanna Company's store. In 1845 there was a small tannery on the site of the Fountain Hotel. In 185 1 there were but 56 dwellings within the present limits of Nantlcoke. In 1880 the population was 3,884. Incorporation and Officers. The charter for Nanticoke borough was granted Jan- uary 31st, 1874, and the first borough election was held at the Fountain Hotel, kept by Xavier Wernett, on Tues- day, February 17th, 1874 E. N. Alexander and Patrick Shea were the inspectors. Lewis C. Green was elected burgess; Xavier Wernett, E. N. Alexander, Patrick Shea, George T. Morgan, Orin Council, Samuel Lines, William Fairchild, L. W. Carey, Thomas R. Williams, Joseph Shepherd and George Ahrs, school board; Samuel Keith- line, justice of the peace; George Hill, assessor; Samuel Line, L. W. Carey and Dr. A. A. Lope, auditors; L. W. Carey, clerk of the town council. The successive bur- gesses have been as follows; 187s, 1877, Lewis C. Green: 1876, Milton Stiles; 1878, 1879, L D. Williams. The present town council consists of Thomas McNeish, John H. James, William Bayless, Alexander Thompson, Frank Micklass and John Dunn; Robert J. Lanning clerk. The following justices of the peace have been elected in the borough: Samuel Keith- line, 1874; Isaac D.Williams, 1878; Florence D. McCarty, 1879. The Susquehanna Coal Company in 1878, as officially reported, operated slopes i, 2 and 4, tunnels i, 2 and 4 and shafts i and 2 at Nanticoke, of which Joseph Stickney was general superintendent; Owen Richards assistant superintendent and general outside foreman, with H. M. Frederick as outside fore- man. George T. Morgan was inside foreman, and the mine bosses were; slope i, Timothy Downing; tunnels i and 2, David W. Evans; slopes 2 and 4, George Felt- jneyer; tunnel 4, Samuel Witson; shaft i, John Parry; shaft 2, Thomas R. Williams. The coal from these different mines was passed through breakers i and 2 at Nanticoke. The men and boys em- ployed in connection with breaker No. i, inside the mines, numbered 282, and on the surface 222. The total production of coal for 1878 was 82,294 tons. In con- nection with No. 2 there were 408 men and boys em- ployed underground, and 203 on the surface. With 184 days worked, there were produced 254,638 tons of coal, or 1,383 tons per day. A new coal breaker of the Susquehanna Coal Company, at Nanticoke was duly " christened " April 3d, 1880, and will be known as " No. 5." The structure is one of the finest in these coal regions, embracing all the latest and most modern improvements in this species of architecture. It was erected under the supervision of Mr. J. H. Bowden, engineer and architect of Wilkes- Barre. The capacity of the breaker is from 1,600 to 1,800 tons per day when in full running order, and it will employ about 150 hands. Present Institutions of Nanticoke. Nanticoke contains seven churches, four hotels, six dry goods and grocery and two hardware and grocery stores, a merchant tailor's establishment, two cabinet shops, three blacksmith and two wagon shops, three jew- elry and three drug stores, four physicians (A. A. Lape, William G. Robbins, R. T. Hylton and S. L. Holley), a banking house, a printing office, a graded school and four other schools, three coal breakers, and a company store where all kinds of goods are sold. The place is well provided with railroad facilities by the Lehigh and Susquehanna & D. L. and W. roads. The present postmaster is Silas Alexander. He was appointed by Postmaster General Wickliff. The Press of Nanticoke. The first number of ihe JVa/?t!i:cike Chronicle was issued January 4th, 1879, by Snyder & Gibson. The paper is 15 by 20 inches and is issued weekly, with a present circu- lation of 500. May ist, 1879, the firm of Snyder & Gib- son was dissolved. North M. Hartman became and re- mained editor and publisher. =.->=^^ *#= 'MI* 274 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. CHURCHES OF NANTICOKE. Besides the churches whose histories are given below there are at Nanticoke the St. Stanislaus Roman Catholic church and the Primitive Methodist society, of which we were unable to obtain data for histories. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. About the year 1S12, when Nanticoke was yet a wil- derness and a swamp, such itinerants as Benjamin G. Paddock, Ralph Lanning, Ebenezer Doolittle, Joseph Kinkaid, Israel Chamberlain, Abram Lawson, Israel R. Cook, Thomas McGee, Alpheus Davis, Benjamin Bidlack, John Rhodes and Marmaduke Pearce visited Nanticoke. A class was formed, composed of David and Susan Thompson, Martha and Priscilla Lee, Mary Miller, Richard Keithline, Hannah E. Stiles, James and William Thompson and Elizabeth Mills. Class and prayer meet- ings were held at the log cabins of the settlers till a log school-house was built on the site of the old union church. The latter was built in 1830, with a basement for the district school and the upper part for church pur- poses. It was about 24 by 36 feet, one story high, with no gallery, and the entrance was at the rear of the build- ing. This church was to be for the use of the Method- ists and Presbyterians particularly, but other orthodox denominations could occupy it when not wanted by the other two. The lot was deeded to David Thompson, James Lee, Henry Linn, Silas Alexander, Washington Lee and others. From 1861, when the present Presbyterian church was completed, both congregations worshiped in that until 1874, when the Nanticoke class was incorporated under the title of " Nanticoke Methodist Episcopal church," with Thomas Hill, George O. Williams, John Puckey, John Letcher and Luther Curtis as trustees. About this time the two societies separated, the Method- ists holding their services in a hall during 1875. The corner stone of the present church edifice was laid in 1876 by G. R. Hair, then presiding elder of the Wyoming district, assisted by Rev. T. C. Roskelly, preacher in charge. In the latter part of 1876 the basement was completed and occupied, although the church was not finished until April, 1880. It was dedicated March 5th, 1880, by Bishop Thornas Bowman, assisted by W. H. Oliver, P. E., and other clergymen. It is of wood, 45 by 60 feet, and can seat 450. It cost about $4,500. The lot was deeded by the Siisipiehanna Coal Company to Luther Curtis, John Puckey, George O. Willever, John Letcher and Thomas Hill, trustees. In 1877 the society built a parsonage on the lot adjoin- ing the east side of the church, at a cost of $500. The present value of the church property is $10,000. In January, 1880, the membership numbered 87. The preachers who have served this people from 1874 to this writing are: Rev. George M. Colville, 1874; Rev. A. W. Hood, 1875; Rev. T. C. Roskelly, 1876 to 1879, and Rev. Levi Jennison, who was appointed to this charge in April, 1879. NANTICOKE PRESBYTERIAN CHQRCH. In the opening of this century a few hard working farmers in Hanover and Newport townships met for worship in a school-house near Mr. Conrad Lines's. On the 27th of November, 1829, Rev. Cyrus Gildersleeve and Rev. Nicholas Murray (the celebrated author of Kirwan's letters to Bishop Plughes), who was then or became soon afterward pastor of the AVilkes-Barre Congregational Church, met the people at the above named school-house to organize a church. Mr. Murray preached, after which ceriificates of dismission were granted to the following members of the Wilkes-Barre congregation with a view to their uniting in a new organization: John Schleppy, Anderson Dana, jr., Henry Styer, Elizabeth Fairchild, Mary Line, Mary Lueder, Christian Schleppy, Anna Styer, John Sorber, Solomon Mill, Abraham Arnold, Sarah Schleppy, Clara Sorber, Elizabeth R. Styer, Eliza- beth J. Thomas, Rachel Whipple, Lorenda Dilly, Mar- garet Fairchild. These persons voted to organize a Presbyterian church to be called the Presbyterian Church of Hanover and Newjjort. John- Schleppy, Anderson Dana, jr., and Henry Styes were elected elders, and J. Schleppy deacon. At this time Rev. Cyrus Gildersleeve officiated as min- ister in charge. The years of service for each minister appear on the records of the church only as presiding as moderators of sessional meetings. From these sources we find in 1832 Rev. Wra. Rhods presiding; in 1836, Rev. M. Corse; 1837, Rev. E. H. Snowden. September 14th, 1839, Robert Robins, sen., was added to the eldership. May 31st, 1843, Rev. E. H. Snowden closed his con- nection with the church. July ist, 1843, Rev. W. Hunt- ing became stated supply. From May, 1845, the church was served by Rev. E. H. Snowden and Rev. Thomas P. Hunt. Darwin Cook, then stationed at Conyngham valley, was invited to come one-half of his time and preach alternate Sabbaths for one hundred dollars salary. April 20th, 1847, we find the church under his active labors, with an earnest missionary spirit, and 26 members on the roll. Rev. D. Cook began his labors May 31st, 1846. In 184S he clospd them. In 1849 and up to 1854 Rev. E. H. Snowden appears as minister. April 14th, i860, a committee consisting of Rev. John Dorrance, Rev. Thomas P. Hunt and Hon. Orestus Col- lins, elder of the Wilkes-Barre church, was sent by the presbytery to ascertain the condition of the church. The committee unanimously resolved to reorganize the church. The old members remaining were John Schleppy, Susan Schleppy, Susan Rumbach, Elizabeth Fairchild, Mary Lines, John S. Robbins, S. Robbins, Lavina Espy, Elizabeth Lape, Elizabeth Rashly, Susan Kocher, Mrs. Silas Alexander and Margaret Lutsey. To these were added by dismission from the church of Wilkes-Barre Mrs. Elizabeth Alexander, Miss Phoebe A. Alexander (now Mrs. T. McNeish), John Fairchild, Martha Fair- child and Catherine Koerner. Beside these Mrs. Sarah Lee *#-= =HN- lb NANTICOKE CHURCH HISTORIES. 275 (Miss Anderson), Miss and Annie Faircliild were received inlo membership on profession. 'J'iie ne.xt Sabbatli, April iStli, i860, after a sermon by Rev. John Dorrance, Joiin Faircliild, elder elect, was ordained, the Lord's Snpper administered, and the church fully organized under the name of the Nanticoke Presbyterian Church. The church was supplied by Rev. Jacob Weidmaii, of the Board of Missions. In September, 1862, the work of building a new church was begun. 'J'he church was finished and dedicated in the fall of 1863. July i6th, 1865, Rev. William J. Day began his labors. During the winter of 1871 a union revival service re- sulted in the accession of 22 members, besides 7 others received under instruction. The labors of Rev. W. J. Day continued uutil 1874, after which the church was served by Rev. H. H. Wells and Rev. Arthur Johnson. The present pastor of the church is Rev. J. P. Harsen, who came as stated supply, preaching his first sermon November 23d, 1879. The elders are George A. Pehle and James A. McFarland; trustees— O. F. Ferris (presi- dent), A. A. Enke (secretary), H. S. Fairchild (treas- urer), W. H. Bates and E. B. Decker. Sunday-school superintendent, O. F. Ferris. Number of scholars, 145. NANTICOKE WELSH CONGREG.4TION AL CHURCH. This society was organized May 2gth, 1870, by a few of the Welsh inhabitants of the borough, under the title of " United Society of Congregationalists and Calvinistic Methodists.'' The original members were David N. Williams, John Mathews, William L. Evans, William Ma- thews, Mary Mathews, Mary Thomas, Mary Jones, Ann Evans, Gwenllian Lewis, Jennett Davies and Richard Williams. Meetings were held in the old school-house until 1874, when the society built its present church on Main street, which is of wood, twenty-five by forty-five feet. It cost $2,400, and was dedicated in November, 1874. The membership is 66. The value of the church property is $3,000. Thomas F. Jacobs is the clerk of the church. Rev. George Hill was pastor from 1872 to 1876. Since then the church has been supplied by ministers from other places. The Sunday-school was organized with the society, and is in a flourishing condition, with an average attendance of 75 scholars. NANTICOKE WELSH HAPTIST CHURCH. In June, 1870, the Baptists of this place assembled in a private house to consider the organization of a church, •Most of them were members of the Welsh Baptist church of Wilkes-Barre. About twelve of those present went the following Sunday to Wilkes-Barre, and were organ- ized by the pastor, the Rev. Theophilus Jones, into a regular Baptist church. Job Samuel and John Williams were at the same time ordained deacons. The members at first worshiped in private houses. They engaged the Rev. Mr. Jones as pastor for the first | year to preach once a month; he was to receive $200 as salary. For the first twelve months the church prospered as well as could be expected. 'I'he summer of 187 1 brought quite a number of new members. After this accession it was determined that a meeling-house should be built. The lot, the northwest corner of Slope and Main streetr, was a gift of the Susquehanna Coal Company, through its agent, Mr. Stickney. Soon the foundation was laid, and the wood-work was commenced early in July, 1871. By the end of September a hou.se was ready for use. It was twenty-four by ihirty-four feet, and cost $r,ooo, and it was not long before it v/as free from debt. By the time the tociety was ready to move to the building the Rev. Mr. Jones had resigned. Rev. D. Davies, from Cardiff, ^South Wales, who had just arrived in this country, was unanimously called to be pastor in June, 1872. He left to take charge of the Parsons Baptist church, and Rev. J. P. Harris, from Cattaraugus, N. Y., was called. He moved to Nanticoke early in 1873, and remained the pas- tor until March, 1877, when he removed to take charge of the Providence Baptist church. In May, 1878, W. F. Davies, an old member of tlie church, and a licentiate, who was studying for the ministry, was called to be the pastor, and accepted. He wa^ ordained in August, 187S, and he is now the pastor. Much work has been done in connection with the Sun- day-school. The school now has 17 classes and an aver- age attendance of 125 scholars. The church has licensed three to preach the gospel, namely W. F. Davis, the present pastor, I. D. Williams and Henry Hill. Besides its different pastors and licen- tiates, other preachers have been members of this church, namely Rev. J. J. Morris, late pastor of the Houtzdale Welsh Baptist church of Clearfield county. Pa., and Enoch Richard, now a member of the Centennial Baptist Church of Wilkes-Barre. The preaching has been Welsh and English alter- nately from the beginning. Another meeting-house, for the English portion of' the church, is soon to be built. THE REFORMED CHURCH. The members of the Reformed and Lutheran churches organized and constituted the congregations which se- cured the pro|)erty and built the Hanover church " at the green." There were two congregations, but the property was held jointly, and the services alternately. On the Reformed side the ministers were at first oc- casional supplies from a distance, prominent among them Rev. Dr. T. L. Hoffeditz from Northampton county. The first settled pastor. Rev. John N. Zeiser, came in 182 T. He confirmed his first class of catechumens, 13 in number, October 26th, 1822, and the day following 55 persons communed. He died in 1840. His successor was the Rev. Abraham Berke. Then Rev. John W. Lesher, was pastor from 1844 to 1855. After a vacancy of several years Rev. Frederick Strassner took charge. He records a membership of 60 ifi 1863. His successor was the Rev. Dr. G. W. Glessner. -'^> *^^ t^^= 282 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. In 1878 there were mined at this slope 22,476 tons of coal. There were employed 44 men and boys under ground, and 56 on the surface, There are four engines, of 145 horse power. Hollywood has a population of nearly 400. There is a company store here. Hollywood colliery is owned by the Black Creek Improvement Company and operated by Calvin Pardee & Co., with C. Pardee as superintendent. In 1878 there were mined at this slope 49,078 tons of coal, and 68 men and boys were employed under ground and 87 on the surface. There are 3 engines, with a total of J 60 horse-power. Milnesville was settled and the mines opened about 1850 by William Milnes, after whom the place is named. There is a Methodist church here, a company store, and a post-office, with William Monroe as postmaster. The population is not far from 1,500. Milnesville colliery is owned by the Porter estate, and operated by the Stout Coal Company, with Charles Kerbaugh as superintendent. Only one slope was worked in 1878, and from this were mined 66,330 tons of coal. There were employed 7.05 men and boys under ground and 74 on the surface. At this slope there are 5 engines, with a total of 290 horse power. Jeddo borough was formed from Foster and Hazle townships, Oct. 23d, 1871; its population is 350. Here is the Woodside colliery, owned by the Jeddo Coal Com- pany and operated by Coxe Bros. & Co. Ebervale has a church, a school-house, a company store, a hotel, a post-office, with Cyrus Young postmaster, and about 1,500 population. Ebervale colliery is located here, owned by the Union Improvement Company, oper- ated by the Ebervale Coal Company, and superintended Thomas P. McFarland. The number of men employed under ground in 1878 was 305, and on the surface 220. The coal mined in 1878 at the two slopes amounted to 15^)314 tons. At both slopes there are 16 engines, with a total of 955 horse power, and one locomotive under ground. The Hazleton mines are located on the north border of the borough, owned by the Lehigh Valley Railroad Com- pany, and operated by A. Pardee & Co., with C. Pardee su- perintendent. They produced in 1878 142,152 tons of coal. There were 84 men employed under ground and 75 on the surface. Hazleton mine No. 3 is abandoned. It is related that in 1826 John Charles, a hunter, while dig- ging for a ground hog discovered coal at what is now knovvn as the " Old Hazleton " mine, which led to fur- ther explorations and finally to the organization of the Hazleton Coal Company. This was the first company that was organized in that portion of the eastern middle coal fields lying in Luzerne county. Drifton, like Upper Lehigh, is a neat little town, and in appearance an exception to the general rule in the mining districts. It has one hotel, three churches — Prot- estant Episcopal, Methodist Episcopal and Roman Catholic; an opera house, built by Coxe Bros, for the use of their employes; a company store, school-house, rail- road depot, "Major Charles S. Coxe Post G. A.' R.," several civic societies and about i,ooo inhabitants. The town is well suppHed with water, brought in pipes from a hill near by. Cross Creek collieries No. i and 2 are lo- cated at this place, and owned and operated by Coxe Bros. & Co. The mines in 1878 yielded 285,320 tons of coal. Drifton Lodge, No. 246, D. O. H. was instituted by grand officer Major C. J. Volkenand, who installed the following officers of the lodge for 1880: Martin Stein- heiser, E. B.; Jacob Bechtlof, O. B.; George Brandon, U. B.; Robert Fuchs, S.; Charles Hordt, A. S.; Jacob Nagle, T. Railroads of Hazle. The Beaver Meadow Railroad and Coal Company was chartered April 7th, 1830, and merged in the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company July 8th. 1864. There are about two and a half miles of road in Hazle township, crossing the line between Beaver Brook and Jeansville, and leaving the township on the line east of Jeansville. The Danville, Hazleton & Wilkes-Barre (formerly Wilkes-Barre & Pittston, and now merged in the Lehigh Valley Railroad) Company was chartered April i8th, 1867. This road enters the township from Sugarloaf township, near where Black creek crosses the line; runs through the borough of Hazleton and village of Stock- ton, and leaves the township a little east of Lumber Yard station, running about ten miles. The Hazleton & Jeansville Passenger Railway Com- pany was chartered March 30th, 1873. The road has not been built. It was to be a local road between these two points, running around the east side of the moun- tain, passing through Stockton and Lumber Yard. The Hazleton Railroad Company was chartered March 9th, 1865, and merged in the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company May 25th, 1868. This road runs from the old Hazleton mines to the top of the planes near Penn Haven Junction, nearly six miles being in this township. The Jeddo and Carbon County Railroad Company was chartered March 23d, 1854, the name changed to Lehigh and Luzerne Railroad Company February 12th, 1856, and it was merged in the Lehigh Valley Railroad Com- pany June i6th, 1868. About one mile of this road was built in the east end of this township from the lumber yard north. It extended from Jeddo borough to Japan, Ebervale, Harleigh, Milnesville and Latimer in this township about six miles additional. There are also about twenty-five miles of coal mine branch road in Hazle. HAZLETON BOROUGH. ^ HIS is the largest and most enterprising town in the middle coal field region. It is on a broad table land, 1,700 feet above tide water. The borough is abundantly supplied with pure spring water by the Hazleton Water Com- 1% ''''^"^' '^^^ water is obtained upon one of the ■^ hills southeast of the town and conveyed in terra cotta pipes. The altitude of Hazleton, the purity of the 4.^ Pittston, Luzerne Co., Pa. "^ Pittston, Luzerne C^ J.J. WALSH, M.D. Pittston, Luzerne Co.,Pa. JOHN DEKIN. Scranton,Lajcl^a\NannaCo.,Pa. C. B. PRICE. Wlkes-Barre, Luzerne Co.^ Pa Parsons Sta.,Plains .Luzerne Co,Pa. ELLIOT P.KISNER. J^azletor^l Luzerrie Co,Pa. C. P. MILLER, Tunkhanr\ock,\Nyomin|Co.,Pa. i *^^= --^h BUSINESS CONCERNS AT HAZLETON— BOROUGH HISTORY. 283 air and water, with the perfect system of sewerage and drainage and the enforcement of strict sanitary measures, make it one of the exceedingly healthy towns of the State. The water company has in course of construction an ar- tesian well, which when completed will add largely to the water supply. There are located at this place the locomotive and ma- chine shops of David Clark, the extensive burial casket manufactory of L. W. Drake, the wholesale furniture man- ufacturing establishment of G. Reinhart, the Mountain foundry of H. W. Montz & Brother, the Phoenix planing mill of John Daniels, the Hazleton lime kilns of Casper Shaffer, several carriage, wagon and sleigh manufactories, and the Lion brewery, all of which employ annually a large number of men, and whose pay rolls aggregate annually . over $1,000,000. There are also a large number of exten- sive dry goods, grocery, hardware, clothing and drugstores, cigar factories,, and many other business concerns. The principal hot'els are the Central and Hazleton. There are nine churches, with an aggregate membership of 5,789. There are twenty-one schools within the limits of the borough. Hazleton has also four weekly and two daily newspapers. The population of the boroughjs 6,893, against 4,317 in 1870. James James is the present postmaster. As near as can be ascertained the first house built in Hazleton stood very near the site of David Clark's resi dence, on East Broad street. It is known that Jacob Drumheller kept a tavern at that place as early as 1809. The next building stood where Henry Dryfoos now lives, on the northwest corner of West Broad and Vine streets. This was called the " Old State House," since it stood at the crossing of the turnpike by the old State road run- ning from Wilkes-Barre to McKeansburgh. Mr. Daniel P. Raikes, now living at Hazleton, knew this place in 1817, when the two houses mentioned were the only ones; and as late as 1834 the increase had been but two or three. The next tavern after Drumheller's was built in 1836, by Lewis Davenport, on the site of the Hazleton House; it was subsequently burned, and immediately re- built. The first store in Hazleton was on the site of A. Par- dee & Co.'s store, at the southwest corner of West Broad and Wyoming streets. It was built by Ingham Brothers, who sold it to Mr. Cooper, and he to Pardee, Miner & Hunt. The last named was the first operator of the old Hazleton mines. The first blacksmith shop was on the old turnpike, near where David Clark's repair shop now stands. The first resident physician was a Doctor Lewis, who lived up what is now West Boad street. Corporate History. The borough was incorporated in accordance with an act approved April 3d, 1851, and a supplemental act ap- proved April 22nd, 1856. The first election for borough officers was held at the hotel of Thomas Lawall, on the corner of Broad and Wyoming streets, where the Hazle- ton House now stands, on the 27th of March, 1857, and resulted as follows: Burgess, Abraham Jones; high con- stable, John Kahler; councilmen, Joseph Hamburger, George Brown, John Schreck, Andrew Ringleben, George B. Markle and William Ulrich. The council elected as president George B. Markle; secretary, F. A. Whitaker; treasurer, Charles H. Meyers; supervisor, John Kahler. At a meeting of the council April 30th, 1 85 7,the first police force was appointed, as follows: D. Kroft, O. M. Martin, Emanuel Dunn, William Kortz, R. B. Conner, Henry Schultz, Frederick Knyriam, Reuben Kulb, John Staffen- burg, J. M. Whitaker, John A Barton, J. P. Salmon and John Hademick. At a meeting of the town council held August 31st., 1857, a contract was made with George Brown for building a stone "lock-up" at a cost of $300. It is 16 by 20 feet, 12 feet high, with walls two feet thick, and stands on the northwest corner of Mine and Cedar streets. Acts were passed by the General Assembly, and ap- proved April 15th, 1867, and April gth, 1870, authorizing the council of Hazleton to borrow $20,000, and issue bonds therefor, for the purpose of purchasing apparatus for extinguishing fires, grading and repairing streets, and making and repairing culverts and sewers. An act was also passed and approved April 9th, 1870, for the division of the borough into two wards, dividing the wards and fixing places for holding elections; also an act to organize a police force approved by the governor April 15th, 187 1. December nth, 1869, the boundaries of the borough were enlarged so as to take in the lands of William Kortz and forty-nine other proprietors, lying between the lands of the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company and the Dia- mond Coal Company, northwest of the old boundary line. At a special meeting of the borough council held De- cember 30th, 1873, the police force was changed from the old volunteer system to a paid force, similar to those of large cities. Four men were at first employed and uniformed, one of whom should act as chief. Since the incorporation of the borough the fpllowing persons have served as chief burgess and clerk of the council for the years named: 1857, Abraham Jones; 1858 and 1861, Ezra C. Vin- cent; 1859 and 1863, R. F. Russel; i860, Louis Lubrecht; 1862, Frederick Knyoir; 1864, Peter Breihoff; 1865 and 1866, Thomas S. McNair; 1867, Thomas N. Smith; 1868, Peter Heidensick; i86g, John A. Barton; 1870, Charles F. Hill; 1871, I. E. Ullman; 1872-74, Joseph P. Salmon; 1875, Gottlob Ullman; 1876,1877 and 1879, John Pfouts; 1878, A. R. Longshore. The following persons have served as president of the borough council: 1857 and 1858, George B. Markle; 1859-63, William Kisner; 1864 and 1865, A SiUiman; 1866, F. Lauderburn; 1867-69, Thomas S. McNair; 1870, John A. Barton; 1871, A. R. Longshore; 1873 and 1874, Stephen D. Engle; 1875-79, David Clark. The following named persons have served as clerk of the borough council, and for the years named: 1857-64, F. A. Whitaker; 1864 and 1865, Cyrus- G. Young; 1866 ■ 68, J. S. McNair; 1869, W. P. Courtright; 1870-72, John E. Mears; 1873, E. S. Doud; 1874, M. B. Fowler; 1875, John Gorman; 1876-79, A. M. Eby. -M^ "*-®-»= HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. The present borough council consists of David Clark, Justus Altmiller, Elias Bachman, Sylvester Engle, Peter Heidenreich and Philip Linderman. The borough has elected justices as follows: Frank A. Whittaker 1857; William Kisner, 1861; J. A. Yoder, 1862; John Gorman, 1865 and 1877; Alfred R. Long- shore, 1865, 1878 and 1879; William P. Courtright, 1868; Henry Mears, 1870; Thomas Coburn, 1872; William F. Roberts, 1874 and 1875; Charles Schutter, 1875; Jacob P. Kreider, 1875. Educational. The first school-house was built by the Hazleton Coal Company in 1837. It was a frame building, and stood on the northwest corner of Church and Green streets. This is the school-house referred to in the history of the M. E. church. Miss Fannie Blackman was the first teacher, and among her immediate successors were N. U. Cortright, of Mauch Chunk, and Isaac H. Baldwin, now deceased. In 1843 Lewis Ketchum, afterward a member of the California senate, took charge of the school. He was succeeded in 1845 by his brother, H. H. Ketchum. Previous to this and for some time after- ward the school was kept open part of the year by private subscription. The first building for a private school was erected by A. Pardee in 1847. This school was kept about two years. The building stood on the south side of Broad street, between Wyoming and Laurel. The first public school-house stood on the northeast corner of Cedar street and Spruce alley. In August, 1853, the school-house on the corner of Church and Green streets was burned, when the store on the south- east corner of Broad and Wyoming streets, now occupied by Mrs. Engle, was rented for school purposes. The two-story brick school building on the north side of Green, between Church and Laurel streets, was opened in February, 1855, with Abel Marcy as principal. This was the first graded school in Luzerne county. While Mr. Marcy was principal four teachers were employed, and after 1866 the length of the school term was eight months. Mr. M. was elected superintendent of the county in i860. In the spring of 1857 the borough elected the first school board. In 1.859 C. L. Rynearson was elected prin- cipal of the schools and five teachers employed, and the school term increased to ten months. H. Hutchinson was principal of tl.e schools from 1865 to 1867. In 1866 the frame school-house on the southeast corner of Poplar and Chestnut streets was built, and it was occupied for school purposes in January, 1867. Two additional teach ers were then employed. Mr. Hutchinson was afterward (1868-71) a teacher in the grammar schools. Up to this time the persons who had served longest in the school board were A. Pardee, William Kisner and Joseph Gren- awald. In 1867 B. C. Youngman was elected principal. In 1868 a frame building was erected on the northeast corner of Poplar street and Spruce alley, in which Mr. Youngman conducted a private school until 1871. From 1868 to 1873 the number of schools increased from eight to sixteen; the salary of the principal was raised to $1,200. In 1868 the brick school-house on the corner of Church and Walnut streets was built. An additional school was opened in 1873, and another in 1874. In 1874 and 1875 the commodious two-story brick school building on Pine, between Oak and Hemlock streets, was built. During the school year 1875-76 great improvements were made; the nucleus for a school library was formed, and the num- ber of schools increased to twenty-one. In June, 1876, the board voted to establish the borough superintendency, but from the time the schools were graded up to this time the principal of the schools had acted as district su- perintendent. In 1866 a select school was opened in a building on the , private grounds of A. Pardee. In 1874 the Roman Cath- olic citizens of the place built a school building on Wyo- ming street, and in the fall of the same year the Sisters of Mercy opened a school therein. From . that time the educational interests of the borough and township have advanced with the necessities of an increased population. The following is the present school board: T. S. Mc- Nair, president; E. S. Doud, John Schwartz, James O'Donnell and Christian Specht. A. P. Supple is the present superintendent of schools. The township school board is composed of Messrs. C. G. Young, E. Turnbach, J. H. McHale, Robertson, Thomas and Thompson. The Press of Hazleton. The Haddon Sentinel was the first newspaper publish- ed here. It was established by John C. Stqkes, and the first number was issued January i8th, i866, as a seven- column folio. In the summer of 1868 Mr. Stokes sold his interest in the paper to Messrs. Pardee, Markle & Grier, when Henry Wilson became editor. The paper was subsequently sold to Messrs. Moore & Sanders, and J. S. Sanders became editor. Subsequently Mr. Sanders became sole proprietor. The paper was then consoli- dated with the Daily News and the Anthracite Record, and called the Anthracite Hazeltoti Sentinel, by which name it is still published weekly. The paper again changed hands in September, 1879, when C. B. Snyder became publisher and editor. Politics, Republican; cir- culation, 1,500. The Daily News was established and the first number issued September 15th, 1870, by J. C. Fincher. In the consolidation with the Sentinel in 1875 the name was changed to Hazelton Sentinel, and it is now published as a Republican morning paper by C. B. Snyder. Circula- tion, 2,000 daily. The Middle Coal Field Advertiser. — The first number of this paper was issued September 19th, 1874, by George Mancy, as a weekly, with a limited circulation and on a cash capital of $250. With increasing patronage the Advertiser continued on its mission until December loth, 1878, when it was changed to the Daily Bulletin, with Mr. Mancy as business manager of the Bulletin Publish- ing Company. The Hazelton Journal, a German paper, was estab- *^^-- M.¥ *ih -^^ NEWSPAPKRS OF HAZLETON— FIRE DEPARTMENT— COMPANIES. 285 lished in July, 1876, by R. F. Stutzbach, who is still pub- lisher and editor. It is issued every Saturday, at $2 per year. Its columns are devoted to humanity, education, literatureand general information. Present circulation 600. T/ie Mountain Beacon was established by John C. Stokes, of Hazleton, and the first number was issued October 25th, 1877, as a six-column foHo. Meeting with unexampled success, the paper was enlarged May 30th, 1878, to an eight-column folio. It is a non-partisan and independent journal. In August, 1879, Alfred F. Stokes became publisher and editor, under whose management it fully sustains the high moral character to which it had previously attained. Present circulation, 1,500. The Hazhton Volksblatt, published in German, was first issued April 16th, 1872, by Moore & Sanders, who con- tinued its publication till October 29th, 1872, when Mr. Moore retired from the firm. Mr. Sanders continued its publication till April ist, 1873, when P. Dershuck and R. F. Stutzbach became publishers and editors. In 1874 Mr. Stutzbach retired from the firm, when Mr. Der- shuck enlarged the paper to eight columns. In 1875 R. F. Stutzbach became publisher and editor, and April ist, 1876, was succeeded by P. Dershuck. October ist, 1877, the latter changed the paper to a seven-column semi- weekly. October ist, 1878, it was again changed to a weekly, and July ist, 1879, again enlarged to an eight- column paper. It is issued every Saturday morning, and has a circulation of 800. The Daily Bulletin was first issued December loth, 1878, under the title of the Evening Bulletin, and Febru- ary 25th, 1879, the name was changed to Daily Bulletin. It is published by the Bulletin company. Circulation, 1,200. S. B. Macquade, editor; G. Mauey, business manager; W. Sebretch, foreman. Fire Department. The fire department of Hazleton was authorized by the town council March jsth, 1869, when the following named persons were organized into afire company: Thomas S. McNair, Thomas Monroe, J. Sharon Mc- Nair, Alexander McAllister, T. Hall, John A. Barton, C. F. Barton, J. C. Tomlinson, John Lee, S. B. Macquade, P. B. Conner, C. S. Longshore, S. D. Engle, Col. James Fitzpatrick and Calvin Pardee. There had been an or- ganization, but not under the supervision or protection of the "city fathers." In 1867 a steam fire engine was purchased of Neafie & Levy, of Philadelphia, for $4,500. The council also bought of the Taylor Hose Company a hose carriage, hose and attachments for 12,346.50. In 1868 the town council built the present engine house, which is occupied by the engine, hose and hook and ladder companies. The upper rooms of the building are used both for the fire department and the council. The building is of brick, located on the east side of Wyo- ming street, between Green and Maple streets, and cost $4,700. Jacob Eroh was the builder. Hazleton has at present a well organized and efficient fire department, with John C. Tomlinson as chief engineer, and Charles Schutter and Samuel Barnes as assistants. Military. Hazleton organized in 1870 several military companies — Zouaves, Captain Coburn; Liberty Guards, Captain Rosenstock; National Rifles, Captain Volkenand, and the Hazle Troop, Captain J. E. Giles. These companies have been disbanded. Company H, 9th regiment N. G. of Pennsylvania, was originally organized with head- quarters at Conyngham, under Captain C. H. Kneely. In July, 1877, M. J. Keck was commissioned as captain, and ordered to report immediately with his company for duty. The order was promptly obeyed, and the officers and men performed their duty in suppressing the rail- road riots. In September, 1878, the 9th was disbanded, and this comi)any attached to the 12th, under Col. Stead, with company headquarters at Hazleton. In June, 1879, it was attached to the new 9th regiment, under Col. G. M. Reynolds. Captain Keck was promoted paymaster of the i2th regiment, and October 30th, 1879, elected lieutenant colonel of the 9th. The present officers of the company are: Captain, Wilson W. Wenner; first lieuten- ant, Frank N. Day; second lieutenant, L. S. Allison. Hazleton Gas Company. This company was incorporated March 14th, 1872, and the subscription books were opened April 22nd, 1872. The commissioners named in the act of incor- poration were C. Pardee, W. A. M. Grier, Sylvester Engle, R. F. Russell, John Bond and James James. The first officers were: President, C. Pardee; secretary and treasurer, W. A. M. Grier. The gas works were built in 1872 by Deily & Fowler, of Philadelphia, and the first gas was made early in November of the same year. The main building is of brick, 30 by 60 feet, and on the north end there is a frame addition 30 feet square. Adolph Meyer is superintendent of the works. The average quantity of gas consumed in Hazleton at present is about 150,000 cubic feet per month, of which about one-third is burned in the street lamps. The cost in October, 1879, ^^^s $3 per 1,000 cubic feet. The directors and officers for 1879 were as follows: Di- rectors, David Clark, Calvin Pardee, Dr. J. R. Casselberry, Tames James and W. A. M. Grier; president, David Clark; secretary and treasurer, W. A. M. Grier; superin- tendent of gas works, Adolph Meyer. Banking. The banking house of Pardee, Markle & Grier was opened by Ario Pardee, George B. Markle and W. A. M. Grier, in the room over the general offices of the firm, in the building on the corner of West Broad and Wyom- ing streets. May ist, 1867. The firm in 1872 built and oc- cupied their present bank building, on the north side of Broad, between Wyoming and Laurel streets. The build- ing is of brick with an ornamental iron front, and is three stories high. Besides the banking office, which occupies one-half of the first floor, there is a store 16 by 60 feet. The basement story is occupied by the Hazleton Sentinel *^N= ='^^ 2 86 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. printing office, while the upper story is devoted to various offices. The Hazleton Savings Bank was established May 23d, 1871, with a capital of $30,000, divided in $50 shares. The first officers and directors were as follows: Presi- dent, William Kisner; vice-president, W. R. Longshore; cashier, N. H. Shafer; directors, E. C. Vincent, G. Ulmer, C. F. Hill, W. Kisner and W. R. Longshore. The bank was opened at its present location, October 2nd, 1871. The present directors are W. Kisner, G. Ulmer, C. L. Lam- berton, E. P. Kisner and G. F. Kisner; president, W. Kisner; vice-president, G. Uimer; cashier, E. S. Doud. Leading Industries of Hazleton. Phanix Planing Mills. — These works were erected by MessTF. Longshore & Ilofficker in 1869, and rebuilt in 1S7C, after being burned. 'J'liey are on Juniper, between Church and Vine streets. The main building is 80 by ISO feet, two stores and atlic. There i.i a brick engine liOiisc 25 by 30 feet; a dry liouse, paint shop and lime hoL'sc. Mr. John Daniels bought an interest in the mills in 1S76, and the balance January 1st, 187S. Hazleton Lime Kilns. — These kilns, situated along the Lehigh Valley railroad, about three squares west of the station, were built in 1875, by Mr. Casper Schaffer. The limestone is brought from AUentown and Freemansburg, Pa. The kilns have a daily capacity of 250 bushels, and are kept constantly burning. Mountain Foundry. — ^This foundry, on the corner of Church street and Cranberry alley, was built in 1867, by Montz, White & Co. The original buildings were 30 by 45 feet. In 1871 an addition was built, 40 by 45 feet and Iv.-o stories high. The engine-house is also attached to the foundry. The concern includes a first-class machine shop. From ten to fifteen men are ordinarily employed. The present firm is H. W. Montz & Brother. Hazleton Planing Mill and Casket Manufactory. — These extensive works are located on the corner of Pine and Green streets. They were built by Messrs. Dryfoos Grier & Youngman, and have passed into the hands of L. W. Drake. Burial caskets are a specialty in his very extensive business. Hazleton Machine Shops. — I'hese shops, on the east border of the borough, cover an area of 56,864 square feet. The dimensions are: machine shop, 50 by 450 feet- foundry, 56 by 104; car-wheel shop, 36 by 80, with wing 36 by 36; boiler shop, 52 by 102; forge or steam trip hammer shop, 50 by 50; blacksmith shop, 40 by 80; car shop, 50 by 95, with addition 63 by 95. These are ex- clusive of offices, round houses, etc. There are 250 hands employed, who receive an average total monthly pay of $9,500. The round house, nearly adjoining the shops, furnishes room for twenty-one locomotives. There are I ro hands employed on this division of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, whose monthly pay constitutes an im- portant factor in the business interests of Hazleton. The annual product of these shops is about $500,000 worth of locomotives, cars, and mine machinery. There were 4,000,000 pounds of hot blast anthracite iron and ^b= 20,000 pounds of brass castings made during 1878, and 9,000,000 pounds of charcoal pig iron used. There were made the last year 300,000 pounds of forging=i, composed of mine and railroad axles, pump and engine connecting rods and straps, driving axles, line and coun- ter shafting, etc. Hazelton's Inventors. The ingenious devices of Stephen D. Engle are men- tioned in his biographical sketch, to which the reader is referred. Charles F. Hill is another of Hazleton's inventors. His " folding Sunday-school book case " is one of the great conveniences in that branch of church work. His most important invention is a new and improved grate, to be used in an ordinary parlor stove for burning refuse coal, now being wasted in large quantities in mining. The device consists in so arranging the draft that the fine coal will not clog and prevent natural draft. He is also the patentee of an improved school desk and chair. Martin Bock is the inventor of an improvement in heels for rubber shoes. It consists in a wire spring fastened to. the heel of the leather boot or shoe, to hold the rubber and prevent its slipping off. His more important inven- tion is a novel combination of devices whereby a time movement, striking movement and alarm movement, in a small clock, are carried in and by a single frame, making the time piece cheap and substantial. John E. Giles is the patentee of a reversible stationary steam engine, which is a model of ingenuity. By the moving of a lever the motion can be reversed instantly. He is also the inventor of an improved machine for util- izing electric light, whereby large towns and cities can be lighted at very little expense. THE CHURCHES OF HAZLETON. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The first Presbyterian preaching in Hazleton was in 1836 or 1837, by Rev. Richard Webster, of Mauch Chunk. The services were held in the school-house. From 1838 to 1844 Rev. Daniel Gaston, of Beaver Meadow, preached here once or twice a -month, and from 1845 to 1848 every alternate Sabbath afternoon Rev. James Green Moore preached. From 1848 to 1852 Rev. Daniel Harbison preached every Sabbath morning, and Rev. John John- son occasionally in the afternoon and evening. Rev. Mr. Baker then preached until 1854, when a new brick church was built. The members of the session at the time of the organi- zation were Henry A. Mears and Robert F. Russell. From the fall of 1854 Rev. John Armstrong was pastor ten years. He was succeeded by Rev. E. I. Newlin. In 1868 and 1869 the present church edifice was built. In the spring of 1S71 Mr. Newlin resigned the pastorate, and he was succeeded in October, 187 1, by Rev. I. A. Max- well. The present pastor. Rev. A. B. Jack, \yas installed m July, 1874. The church edifice is of brick, two stories, and the auditorium seats 500. =f ^h CHURCHES OF HAZLETON. 287 The church and parsonage are on West Broad street, between Church and Vine streets, and valued at $15,000. There is a flourishing Sunday-school connected with the church. GRACE REFORMED CHURCH (gERMAn). This church was organized about 1845. The first pas- tor was Rev. C. Solomon, from Germany, as were nearly or quite all the members. All the services are held in German. In 1847 the society secured a lot at the corner of Broad and Cedar streets, and built a church 40 by 60 feet. It was built as a union church, but in 1861 a por- tion of the congregation withdrew from Grace, and formed a second German church. After a few years most of them returned. In 1869 the society bought an organ costing $3,500. The present value of the church property is $15,000. The membership is 900; number of families attending, 170; number of Sunday-school pupils, 360. The following have been the pastors since 186 r: Rev. Messrs. Brandt, Krahn, Waldbridge. Frankel, Furndling and Kunz, the present pastor. SALEM CHURCH OF THE EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION. This church is on the south side of West Broad be- tween Vine and Locust streets. The society was organ- ized in 1859, by Revs. J. Frey and I. E. Knerr, with the following members: Conrad, Ernestina and Lizzie Lohr, John, Louisa and Sophia Rippel, John and Catharine Berge, George and Catharine Itter, George and Margaret Dutch, Valentine Bock, Adam Hoffsommer and Peter Kellmer. The meetings for two years were held at the residence of Conrad Lohr, nearly opposite the church site, and for the next year and a half in the school-house in the east part of the borough. During this time the society be- longed to Ashland circuit. East Pennsylvania Conference, and in 1863 was constituted a mission, and was under the charge of Rev. I. E. Knerr for two years. In 1864 ihe lot was purchased for a church building, which was finished and dedicated in 1865, under the ministry of Rev. T. A. Plattenberger. The parsonage, standing in the rear of the church, was built in 1874. In 1879 the church was enlarged, a steeple put on, and the grounds improved, at a cost of $800. Mr. P. Kellmer donated a bell in 1879. The pastors have been as follows: 1859 to [864, Revs. J. Frey and I. E. Knerr; 1865, 1867, T. A. Plattenberger; 1867-69, A. Shultz; 1869, 1870, C. Myers; 1870-72, W. R. Wiand; 1872-75, D. Z. Kem- bel. Rev. J. M. Rinker, the present pastor, came in the spring of 1877. The membership is 140. The Sunday- school was organized in i860, with 6 pupils, and Valen- tme Bock as superintendent. The present superintend- ent is Peter Kellmer. There are 225 scholars, and an average attendance of 200. ST. Paul's methodist episcopal church. The first M. E. church in Hazleton was built in i860. It was a plain frame structure, thirty-six by fifty feet, on the site of the Methodist parsonage. It was dedicated by Rev. Thomas Reese, then presiding elder of the dis- trict, assisted by Rev. G. H. Day, the pastor. Previously the congregation held services in the Green street school- house, immediately east of the parsonage, and before that in a small school-house on the northwest corner of Church and Green streets, which long since passed away. Bishop Thomas Bowman and Dr. John H. Vincent, the leading Methodist Sunday-school worker, have preached in the old school-house. Methodism here owes much to Father Moistee, a local preacher. Joseph A. Ross, James Owens, Gideon H. Day, Thomas H. Switzer, William Gwynn, P. F. Eyer and Elisha Butler (by whom the church was ht- gun in 1859), and some others, preached in H.Tzleton ns traveling preachers on the old Luzerne (aftrrivnrd Jenns- ville) circuit. All the above are still living e.xccpt T. H. Switzer, who died in 1877 or 187S. 'J'his circuit was then in the East Baltimore Conference. In 1S69 it was put in the Central Pennsylvania Conference. Since the first church was built, in iSCo, the following pastors have been st.niioned here, and in the order in which they are named: G. H. Day, Tosiah Forrest (de- ceased), Watson Case, J. C. Hagey and James V. Porter. Mr. Porter died after having served the church only six months. Rev. G. H. Day preached the rest of the year. In March, 1867, Hazleton was made an independent station. At this time E. T. Swartz was appointed pastor, and he remained two years. In the spring of 1S69 I). Sheffer was appointed, and six months later Rev. F. R. Green for the next year; he was reappointed for the cnsuini; year. In 1871 Rev. E. H. Yocum was appointed. Under his three years' administration a new church was begun. In 1874 Rev. W. W. Evans was appointed. During the first of his three years the church was completed, at a cost of $20,000, and dedicated September 27th by Rev. B. I. Ives, of Auburn, N. Y. It is a frame structure forty-five by ninety feet, with two towers. C. S. Weitzell, of Dan- ville, was the architect. In 1876 a beautiful and commodious parsonage was built on the site of the old church, at a cost of $3,000. In March, 1879, Rev. G. T. Gray, the present pastor, was appointed to this station. The church property is valued at $20,000. The mem- bership numbers 200. The trustees are H. E. Suther- land, S. Smith, J. S. Sanders, James Whitaker, Thomas Dickinson, Charles W. Kline, James G. Howe, Charles F. Hill and William 'Llewellyn. The Sunday-school was organized in 1861. S. Smith was superintendent until July, 1879. The school has been successful. It has had more than 3,000 scholars upon its rolls. It now numbers 350 scholars. Christ's German evangelical protestant Lutheran CHURCH. In 1861 a number of Christians belonging to the " Union Grace Church'' organized a new congregation, and resolved to build a church. The building commit- tee consisted of Nicolaus Stocker, George Gioking and Peter Breihof. The first church council was composed of elders, John Kohlhaas and Philip Kerschner; deacons. ^h <¥■ ^h HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Tobias Kaufman and John Miller; trustee, John Schreck. The corner stone of the church, which is on the south- west corner of Church and Green streets, was laid Sep- tember 28th, 1861, by Rev. R. S. Wagner, pastor; J. F. Bayer, of Tamaqua, and D. M. Henkel, of Danville. The church was dedicated in 1861 by Rev. R. S. Wag- ner, the pastor. It is a frame building, 41 by 61 feet, with a steeple and bell. The basement story is used by the Sunday-school. The upper room seats 600. The original members were mostly immigrants from Germany, Lutheran or Reformed, and they united har- moniously, adopting the Lutheran faith. In 1864 Rev. R. S. Wagner left this congregation, and Rev. Dr. W. Hasskarl, who had preached here several years before, in the Union church, was called by the congregation. He served eight years, during the last of which a commodi- ous parsonage was built on the lot next south of the church. Mr. Hasskarl was succeeded June 2nd, 1872, by the present pastor. Rev. E. A. Bauer. The following are the members of the church council: Jacob Kinsly, Dan- iel Kisthart, Frederick and Anton Wagner, Martin Geb- hart, Philip Lindeman, George and John Kirshner, Jacob Rommel, Andreas Ammon, Tobias Kaufman, Cas- per Weigand, Henry Bachman, Henry Hahn, George Starkroth, Christian Heller, Frederick Wetlosan, George Rohrbach and Peter Seiroth. The church numbers 500 communicants. The Sun- day-school was organized in 1861, with Peter Heiden- reich as superintendent (who continues in the same office), and 360 pupils, with 38 teachers, the same as at present. The German language is used mainly in the church services and exclusively in the Sunday- school. SAINT GABRTEL'S ROHAN CATHOLIC CHURCH. Rev. Father Maloney first visited the few Catholics here and formed the nucleus of this church. Subsequently Rev Father Michael L. Scanlon took up his residence at Beaver Meadow, and Hazleton became one of his missions. Later he removed to Hazleton. In 1863 a plot of about eleven building lots on the west side of Wyoming street, south of Broad, was donated by Mr. Ario Pardee, on which was built a frame church edifice the same year. At the death of Father Scanlon Father Michael Quilan succeeded to the pastorate of this charge. A large and commodious church, of brick, which was commenced in t868, was dedicated Sunday, October i6th, 1870, by Bishop William O'Hara, of Scranton, assisted by Bishop Shanahon, of Harrisburgh, and several other clergymen. Father Quilan resigned in 1869, and Rev. Thomas C. O'Hara was pastor until the appointment of Rev. R. E. Hemmeny, in 1876. Toward the close of 1877 Rev. J. J. Commisky, the present pastor, assumed control. In connection with the church is a large school build- ing, in which about 350 children are instructed daily, irrespective of denomination. The school is conducted by Sisters of Mercy from Buffalo, N. Y., who also keep a branch school at Harleigh, where the attendance aver- ages about 150. There is connected with this church a commodious parsonage. The church has a membership of 3,500. The property is valued at $50,000. ST. Peter's protestant episcopal church. This church was chartered as the "Rector, Church Wardens and Vestrymen of St. Peter's Church, of Hazle- ton, Luzerne county," December 31st, 1864, with the fol- lowing official members: Wardens, Frederick Lauder- burn and Henry Mears; vestrymen, Alexander Silliman, James H. McKee, William Glover, Francis Bright, The- odore H. Knight, and William Taggart. It is believed that the first service was held by Bishop Henry A. Onder- donk before 1840. In 1849 a missionary was appointed for the region of the upper Lehigh, who held several meetings in Hazleton. During 1859 Rev. Peter Russell, who lived at Eckley, and Rev. A. Pryor, who had become associated with him, held services here on alternate Sun- days. In i860 Mr. Russell made occasional visits here until the latter part of the summer, when Rev. W. S. Heaton took charge for eighteen months. Mr. Russell then held occasional services here until about Christmas, 1862. Rev. Thomas W. Steele was in charge until the sum- mer of 1863. Rev. Henry S. Getz commenced mission- ary labors here, and was rector from September 1st, 1864, to May ist, 1867. The church lot, at the corner of Chestnut and Laurel streets, was donated by the Hazleton Coal Company, together with $150 toward building the church. The cornerstone was laid Nov. 28th, 1864, by Bishop Stevens. The parish was organized December 21st of the same year. The first service was held in the new church on Sunday, October 8th, 1865. The church edifice cost about $400, and was consecrated by Bishop Vail, April 15th, 1866. The parish was admitted to the convention in the same year. The font was bought with a collec- tion taken by Miss Mamie McKee; the Bible was a present from a number of ladies, and the prayer-book for the chancel from Mrs. McGaw, of Philadelphia. The com- munion service was donated by St. Stephen's Church, of Wilkes-Barre. Rev. Faber Byllsby was rector from June ist, 1867, to July ist, 1868. The church was then closed until June i8th, 1870, when Rev. Charles H. Van Dyne became rector. In the autumn of 1871 a vestibule was added to the church, a furnace put in, the floors carpeted, and seats cushioned; the expense being paid by the ladies of the parish. Rev. J. M. Williams took charge of the parish in November, 1873, and resigned in March, 1875. The church was then closed until June 4th, 1876, when Rev. John Hewit entered upon the rectorship. He resigned in July, 1877, since which time the church has been without a rector. Since January ist, 1879, Mr. J. Nevine Hill, a lay reader, has supplied the place of rector. The present number of communicants is 48. Value of church property, $4,000. ST. John's primitive methodist church. This was formed July 28th, 1872, with about 20 mem- bers, prominent among whom were Mr. R. Stevens and HAZLETON CHURCHES AND MUSICAL SOCIETIES. 289 Mr. B. Reese. Rev. D. Savage, of Tamaqua, assisted in the completion of the organization, when Rev. Ralph Fothergill was appointed pastor. The first services were held in the Laurel Hill school-house, with much success- Services were subsequently held in what was then a school- liouse, standing near Clark's car shops, now used as a dwelling house. Mr. Fothergill continued pastor until April, 1874, during which time the society grew in influ- ence and nnmbers. Rev. G. Parker was then pastor a few months, and in April, 1875, ^^'^- William B. Bache was appointed. He at once commenced operations for the building of a suitable house of worship. A lot was purchased on the corner of Poplar and Juniper streets. The church was dedicated in the fall of 1876, having cost $6,000. It is well lighted and warmed, and has seats for 350. Rev. Thomas Rent was pastor for ten months from May, 1877. In April, 1878, the present pastor, Rev. W. H. Yarrow, was appointed. During his ministry the soci- ety and congregation have greatly advanced in numbers and influence, and the services are largely attended. The membership is over 100, and with branch societies at Mount Pleasant and Cranberry amounted to 151 in September, 1879. The church property is valued at $6,000. The Sunday-school has an average attendance of 130. It has a fine library and organ. Miss Lizzie Schallham- mer is the organist. TRINITY EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH. This church was organized July 13th, 1873, at a meet- ing held for that purpose in the "Sons of America" Hall, by Rev. J. Wagner, who has been the pastor from the first. The church council for two years consisted of Charles Kerbaugh and Henry J. Schleppy as elders, and R. S. Beishline and Jeremiah Miller, deacons. Mr. Mil- ler was soon succeeded by Levi Deitrich. The original members were Charles Kerbaugh, R. S. Beishline, Levi Deitrich, Jeremiah Miller, George Pettit, William Yeager, Otto Kessler, John Pottorf, Henry J., William F., and Mrs. Barbara Schleppy, Mrs. Eliza Deitrich, Mrs. Lana Miller, Mrs. Mary Miller, Mrs. Amanda Deitrich, Mrs. Kate Bryant, Mrs. Alice Yeager, Mrs. C. Pottorf and Miss Rachael Miller. The congregation worshiped in Sons of America Hall till July 5th, 1874, when the Immanuel German Reformed Chjrch was leased for one year. On the expiration of the lease the Presbyterian congregation kindly allowed the use of their church until the erection of the church building on the corner of Laurel and Oak streets, which was conse- crated December 17th, 1876. The church is a neat frame building, 35 by 50 feet, with a recess in the rear. It is tastefully finished and carpeted, and has seats for 250. The membership is 100, and is earnest and devoted, united and harmonious. The Sunday-school was organized in July, 1874, with 30 pupils, and Henry J. Schleppy as superintendent. At present the school numbers 200, and is in a most flour- ishino- condition. Eli Lamberson is its efficient superin- tendent. A Women's Home and Foreign Missionary Society, composed of members of the Trinity Evangelical Luth- eran Church, was organized April 7th, 1879. Its object is " to spread the knowledge of the mission work in this and in foreign lands ; to create more interest in the work, and to secure funds to prosecute it." The officers for 1879 were: Mrs. B. Schleppy, president; Mrs. M. E. Hons, vice-president; Miss Mary Lubrecht, recording secretary; Miss Laura Helman, corresponding secretary; Mrs. Dr. Nyer, treasurer. The present membership is 35. The regular meetings are held on the third Wednes- day evening in each month in the Evangelical Lutheran Church. ASSOCIATIONS. HAZLETON CEMETERY ASSOCIATION. This association has control over about twelve acres in the northwest corner of the borough, donated by the old Hazleton Coal Company. The ground has been beauti- fully laid out. Among the most attractive features is the greenhouse, with all modern appliances for growing the choicest varieties of flowers during the whole year. The grounds are enclosed by a neat and substantial fence. The present trustees are A. Pardee, L. W. Drake, John A. Barton, W. W. James and J. Bond. SINGING SOCIETIES. The first singing society organized in Hazleton was the Germania, on the 4th of October, 1854; the teacher was Henry Strang. In February, 1857, about ten members left the Ger- mania and organized the Harmonia, Philip J. Kline be- coming the teacher. In i860 they became one society, called the Concordia, with Philip J. Kline as teacher. Since 1878 Mr. Joseph Keller has been the teacher. During the time of its existence, however, there have been many other teachers, among them Henry Gliem, Lewis Kreyscher, Charles Mehlbeer and Frederick Kep- ping. The Concordia now has 75 members, and holds weekly meetings in Concordia Hall. The Hazleton Msennerclior, composed entirely of Germans, was organized Oct. 7th, 1869, at the Washington Hotel. The first officers of the society were: President, Frederick Knyrein; vice-president, George Heidenrich; treasurer, William Schwartz; secretary and teacher, Max Von Asseburg. The presidents have been F. Knyrein; G. Heidenrich, W. Schwartz, J. C. Kornig, W. Hartig and George Steinheiser. There are 19 active and 75 con- tributing members. At the annual election held October 7th, 1879, the following officers were elected: President, George Steinheiser; vice-president, W. Felber; secretary, W. Schwartz; assistant secretary, H. J. Hebel; treasurer, F. Zullick; teacher, W. Schwartz; trustees, G. Heiden- rich and H. Hebel. The regular meetings of the active members are held on Monday evening of each week in Liberty Hall. 4d* ^h 290 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. HAZLETON LIBERTY CORNET BAND. This band was organized in Hazleton in 1856, under the leadership of John Gliem, with the following named members: Justus Altmiller, John . Lapp, Simon Gliem, George Reinhart, George Schmidt and George Grebe. The band kept up its organization till the breaking out of the Rebellion, through which the members served in the army. They have since kept the organization in- tact. The following were the ofificers for 1879: Musical director, Justus Altmiller; president, George Grebe; secretary and treasurer, John Schwartz. HAZLETON MUTUAL BENEFIT SOCIETY was organized January ist, i860, as a beneficiary soci- ety, with the following officers: President, Anthony Ringleben; V. P., Charles G. Schumacher; secretary, Hfnry Klee; V. S., Frederick Wetterau; treasurer, Louis Schmidt; charter members: J. N. Eistle, Ignats Stein- man, Casper Prell, Daniel Lammert, John Klee, John Schorache, Jolin Piatt, Michael Gulach, George Heiden- reich, Justus Pearson, Daniel Kisthard, George Happ, John Clausius, William Ringleben, Henry Lindeman and Dr. Christian Arnold. The present officers are as follows: President, Chris- tian Beck; V. P., Nicholaus Lorgheim; secretary, Henry Martin; treasurer, John Kirschner; trustees, Peter Brin- hoff, William Koch and Nicholaus Weigand. Cash in treasury, October, 1879, $'1726; membership, 84. The regular meetings of the society are held in Lib- erty Hall, every alternate Wednesday evening. HAZLE HALL ASSOCIATION. This association was organized January nth, 1866, when the following officers were elected: President, E. J. Newell; secretary, J. S. McNair; treasurer, J. A. Barton; directors, J. A. Barton, C. Pardee, Rev. E. J. Newell, William Kisner, G. B. Markle, W. Taggart, Gen. A. Pardee and T. S. McNair. The capital stock subscribed was 130,000. The association was incorporated April i2th, 1866. Its object was the building of a suitable block and hall for public meetings, lectures, &c. During 1866 and 1867 the association built the present block on the corner of West Broad and Wyoming streets, in which Hazel Hall is located on the second floor, with a seating capacity of 600, and stage and scenery suitable for the- atrical purposes. The main floor is occupied by four spacious stores on Broad street. In the third story are Masonic and Odd Fellows' halls, where several societies meet. The present directors are Calvin Pardee, Gen. William Lilly, A. Pardee, jr., J. O. Mandeville, J. A. Barton, William Glover, W. W. James, W. Kisner and T. S. McNair. Officers: President, J. O. Mandeville; secretary, T. S. McNair; treasurer, J. A. Barton. HAZLETON LITERARY ASSOCIATION. This association was formed January 12th, 1866, when the following officers were elected: President, F. Lauder- burn; recording secretary, H. Hutchison; corresponding secretary, William James; treasurer, Sampson Smith. G. A. R. Robinson Post, No. 20, Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Pennsylvania, was chartered December 24th, i866. The following named persons were the char- ter members: Robert Boston, Thomas Munroe, James W. Smith, Alexander Patterson, Robert Munroe, Robert Wattson, William Airey, John A. Lyman, Frederick Lauderburn, C. S. Longshore, M. R. Longshore, John C. Stakes, J. P. Kreider, George Moodie and Frederick Spohn. The regular meetings of the post are held in Hazle Hall, on the first and third Friday evenings of each month. The present membership is 50. The officers for 1880 were: J. Sharon McNair, P. C; Edward Overender, S. V. C; H. McDonald, J. V. C; (Jeorge H. Troutman, adjutant; John Gorman, Q. M.; Andrew Lee, O. D.; John A. Mason, chaplain: J. C- Stokes, surgeon; Robert Munroe, quartermaster ser- geant; D. Shearer, I. sentinel; H. Weaver, O. sentinel; James Munroe, O. G. ; C. Volkenand, sergeant major; H. McDonald, E. Overender and A. Cutler, trustees. Thomas Munroe, delegate; G. H. Troutman, alternate. THE HAZLETON BUILDING, LOAN AND TRUST ASSOCIA- TION was organized April 14th, 1869. The following persons were named in the charter: F. Lauderburn, R. F. Russel, H. L. Freas, T. S. McNair, Frederick Knyrim, Jacob Kinzley, J. A. Barton, Reuben Kolb, James McHale, J. C. Youngman, Sampson Smith and C. F. Hill. The capital stock of the association was not to exceed 2,500 shares, of $200 each. The object was to assist those in want of homes, who were unable to pay the amount of purchase money required by land owners and holders. The officers of thfe association are as follows: F. Lauderburn, president; J. O. Mandeville, vice-presi- dent; James H. McHale, secretary; J. C. Youngman, treasurer; Peter Derschuck, Enoch Bartles, John Fcrnan, Casper Weigant and Justus Altmiller, directors. The stated meeting of the association is the fourth Saturday of each month, at Hazleton. THE RELIEF SAVING FUND ASSOCIATION was chartered November i6th, 1870. The following per- sons were named in the act of incorporation: D. C. Swank, George D. Gorman, William Kisner, W. L. Hoffecker, C. F. Hill, J. C. Youngman, R. F. Russel, A. Behrens, W. R. Longshore, M. D., and E. P. Kisner. The objects of this association were similar to those of the one first mentioned. The stated meetings are held on the third Saturday of January in each year, in Hazle- ton. The incorporators named were the directors for the first year, and the number of shares was limited to 2,500, at $200 each. The officers for 1879 were as follows: President, J. O. Mandeville; vice-president, Joseph Gren- H¥= ASSOCIATIONS AND LODGES AT HAZLETON, 291 await; treasurer, William Kisner; secretary, G. D. Gor- man; directors, Ernst Bartels, Peter Breihof, Charles F. Hill, E. S. Doud, John Fernan and Philip Linderman. THE WEST HAZLETON BUILDING AND LAND ASSOCIATION was incorporated February 12th, 1872, with the following named incorporators and directors: Charles F. Hill, W. L. Hoffecker, Henry Klinger, W. R. Longshore, Asher Jacobs, W. Kisner, G. W. Meixell, Jacob Rosenstock, Conrad Horn, Herman Gabriel. The object of this association is both to lend money to and build houses for its members. The houses are to be paid for by monthly installments or payments on the stock. This plan has furnished not only comfortable but elegant homes in this borough to some who might otherwise have been without homes. The following were the directors and officers for 1879: Directors — J. C. Youngman, G. F. Kisner, Malachi Doud, Charles McCarron, William Kneiss, Richard Smith. E. Bartels, S. J. Schumacker, and L. W. Drake. President, J. C. Youngman; vice-president, Charles McCarron; secretary, Charles F. Hill; attorney, E. P. Kisner. The stated meetings of the association are held in Hazleton, on the fourth Saturday of each month. FATHER MATTHEW T. A. B. SOCIETY. This society was organized in 1869, with Rev. Michael Filan as president, and about 40 members. The presi- dents since then have been as follows: 1870, 1871, 1874- 1876, Hugh Conohan; 1872, 1873, Frank T. Slattery; 1877, 1878, Peter Donnelly; 1879, Michael Kelly. The society is in a flourishing condition, and at present num- bers 100 members. HAZLETON LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. This association was fully organized Monday evening, March 4th, 1872, by the election of the following direct- ors: For three years, C. Pardee, W. H. Harris, John Bond, and J. C. Fincher; two years. Rev. M. Franklin, W. A. M. Grier, J. C. Hayden, and H. E. Sutherland; one year. Rev. J. A. Maxwell, J. S. Sanders, G. B. Markle and W. B. Fowler. The library purchased was subsequently turned over to the Young Men's Christian Association, which now has charge of it. YOUNG men's CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. On Monday evening. May 29th, 1876, at St. Paul's M. E. Church, a constitution for a Y. M. C. A. was adopted, and a number of signatures secured. On June sth the organization was perfected by the election of the follow- ing officers for one year: President, L. W. Grubb; vice- presidents, C. W. Kline and J. R. Rote; recording secre- tary, W. F. Roberts, jr.; corresponding secretary; H. K. Connor; treasurer, E. S. Doud; librarian, W. F. Schleppy. There were then about 20 members. The reading room and library of the Hazleton Library Association, over the store of Pardee & Co., are in charge of the association and kept open to the public Wednesday and Saturday evenings of each week. Business meetings are held in this room on the first Monday evening in each month. The officers for 1879 were as follows: President, J. F. Barber; vice-presidents, A. J. Swalm and J. S. Rote; treasurer, C. C. Heller; recording secretary, W. F. Schleppy; corresponding and financial secretary, H. H. Lee; librarian, Walter Dick. The present menibership is 60. Regular meetings are held on Tuesday evening of each week. SECRET SOCIETIES. ODD FELLOWS. Beaver Encampment, No. 67, /. O. of O. F. was insti- tuted by the Grand Lodge at Beaver Meadow, February ist, 1847, with the following charter members: Thomas Vogle, C. P. ; T. Longshore; David Petrie, J. W. ; A. E. LongshCjre, H. P. ; W. A. Tubbs, scribe; J. Bamberger; W. H. Trescott, S. W. ; M. Miller, treas,, and J. W. Righ- ter. The encampmfent was removed to Hazleton, its present location, September 21st, 1852. The regular meetings of the encampment are held at its roorns in Hazle Hall. The present membership is 83. The officers in October, 1879, were: John Sleep, C. P.; Jacob Schumaker, H. P. ; S. N. Hoffman, S. W. ; Andrew Lee, J. W. ; A. Behrens, secretary; J. G. Adey, treasurer. Hazleton Lodge. No. 65, /. O. of O. F. was instituted at Hazleton, October 27th, 1840. The stated meetings of this lodge are held in their rooms in Hazle Hall. The membership numbers 159. The present officers of the lodge are: Jacob Schu- maker, N. G. ; William Floyd, V. G. ; J. G. Adey, secre- tary; S. N. Hoffman, A. S. ; William James, R. S. N. G.; George Burt, S. W. ; Adam Will, O. G.; S. A. Lyman, I. G. ; John Lee, R. S. V. G. ; W. Hamer, L. S. Lessing Lodge, No. 862, /. O. of O. A— This is known as the German lodge of Odd Fellows, and was instituted December nth, 1873, at Hazleton, with 24 members. The following were the original officers: Frederick Ber- ger , N. G. ; Peter Brehm, V. G. ; Henry Held, S. ; Christian Martin, A. S. ; Daniel Lemmert, treasurer. The regular meetings of the lodge are held on Thursday evening of each week in their rooms in Hazle Hall in the borough of Hazleton. The following persons have been presiding officers of the lodge: Frederick Berger, Peter Brehra, Christian Martin, Henry Held, Daniel Lemmert, John Schwartz, Albert Schweitzer, Henry J. Hebel, George Heemig, Adolph Meyer, William Koch and Henry Mans. The present officers are: Simon Bube, N. G. ; Baltha- zer Herwig, V. G. ; Henry J. Hebel, S. ; H. W. Heiden- rich, A. S. ; John Schwartz, treasurer. MASONIC. Hazle Lodge, No. 327, F. and A. M. was instituted December 3d, 1858, at Hazleton, Pa., with the following named persons as charter members: George B. Markle, David Clark, Alexander Silliman, Richard B. Fruit, Enoch Mayhew, Reuben T. Kreider and Philip B. Con- ner. The first officers were as follows: George B. Mar- kle, W. M.; David Clark, S. W.; Alexander Silliman, J. f <¥ 292 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. ■W,; Richard B. Fruit, T.; Enoch Mayhew, S.; and Adam Will, tyler. The regular communications of the lodge are held in the rooms in Hazle Hall on Monday evening on or before the full moon in each month. The ofiScers of the lodge for 1879 were as follows: Amantes M. Ely, W. M.; Thomas J. Williams, S. W.; Thomas Munroe, J. W.; John C. Tomlinson, T.; Joseph P. Salmon, S.; Reuben Beisel, S. D.; William Schwartz, J. D.; William H. Bright, S. M. C; Charles A. Smith, T. M. C; Jeremiah McEvoy, Pur.; Adam Will, tyler. The past masters of this lodge are as follows: 1858, 1859, George B. Markle; i860, David Clark; 1861, Alexander SiUiman; 1862, Richard B. Fruit; 1863, P. B. Conner; 1864, R. J. Kreider; 1865, Levi Jones; 1866, William Glover; 1867, L. W. Drake; 1868, J.' P. Salmon; 1869, Cyrus Straw; 1870, J. S. McNair; 1871, S. B. Macquade; 1872, R. Beisel; 1873, J. C. Tomlinson; 1874, J. O. Mandeville; 1875, T. M. Righter; 1876, G. D. Gorman, 1877, C. Klein; 1878, J. W. Clark. The present number of members is 125. Trustees, J. O. Mandeville, Reuben Beisel, John W. Clark. D. O. H. Upland Lodge, No. 79, D. O. H. was organized at Hazleton, October 4th, 1859, with the following charter members and ofificers: Henry Kleim, Henry Bach, Lewis Kreiser, Harmon Keinholtz, Nicholas Weigand, Freder- ick Dipper, Lewis Ulrich, Adam Schmauck and Antony Meyer. Original officers: Lewis Kreiser, O. P.; Nicho- las Weigand, U. P.; Frederick Dipper, S; Harmon Kein- holtz, A. S.; Antony Meyer, T. The regular meetings of this lodge are held in Liberty Hall, on Laurel street, on Tuesday evening of each week. The lodge has in cash a surplus of $2,825. Present ofificers: Henry Shu- gard, O. P.; John Keifer, U. P.; Daniel B. Keigle, S.; Henry Fey, A. S.; Frederick Wagner, T.; and Conrad Volkenand, D. D. G. P. UNITED AMERICAN MECHANICS. Hazle Council, No. 95, Order of United American Mechanics was organized June 22nd, 1865, with the following charter members and officers: C. G. Young, S. D. Engle, Peter Dickerson, D. B. Keck, J. F. Black, Sampson Smith, Henry Cunius, Henry Will, Uriah Titus and Frederick Lauderburn. The following were the original officers of Hazle Council: Frederick Lauder- burn, councilor; C. G. Young, vice-councilor; J. F. Black, R. S. ; S. D. Engle, A. R. S. ; D. B. Keck, Ex. ; Henry Hill, Ind. ; Henry Cunius, I. P. ; Uriah Titus, O. P. ; Sampson Smith, treasurer. The following named persons are past councilors of Hazle council: F. Lauderburn, C. G. Young, J. p. Black, Henry Mill, Henry Cunius, John Duser,Amos McNeal, I. T. Deremer, William H. Shafer, S. H. Barnes, Elias Lamberson, Anthony Fisher, Solomon G. Keck, John A. Lyman, Daniel Knelley, Nathan Shafer, John H. Benner, John A. Russell, Charles Pauel, A. T. Wenner, James Good, N. H. Shaver, John F. Pettit, Joseph Hol- ler, Samuel Williams, George W. Pettit and David Horn. The regular meetings of the council are held on Thurs- day evening of each week, in Liberty Hall. The num- ber of members is 44. The ofificers in October, 1879, were as follows: J. R. Henry, C. ; William F. Schmith- comer, V. C; William H. Shafer, R. S. ; James W. Bry- ant, A. R. S. ; Nathan Shafer, F. S. ; Amos McNeal, treasurer. Joseph W. Flitcher, Ind. ; Jacob Alerburn, Ex. ; John A. Lyman, I. P. ; John Ahret, O. P. ; David Horn, jr', Ex. C. ; George W. Pettit, Sen. Ex. C; trustees, E. Lamberson, Joseph Holler and I. T. Deremer. UNITED ANCIENT ORDER OF DRUIDS. Hazleton Grove, N'o. 46, A. O. of D. was organized at Hazleton June isth, 1867, with the following charter members: Elias Lamberson, Amos McNeal, Stephen Horn, S. H. Barnes, D. B. Keck, J. T. Deremer, J. P. Krei- der, William H. Shafer, John Ahret, A. T. Munroe, Wil- liam Gairhart, Zacharias Smith and George W. Meizell. The first ofificers were: J. P. Kreider, P. A.; Elias Lamberson, N. A.; Amos McNeal, V. A.; August Bharnes, secretary; D. B. Keck, treasurer; J. T. Dere- mer, conductor; William H. Shafer, R. B. N. A.; John Ahret, L. B. N. A.; Jacob Lambert, R. B. V. A.; Henry Weaver, L. B. V. A.; Zacharias Smith, I. G.; George Shugard, O. G. The following persons have been presiding officers: J. P. Kreider, Elias Lamberson, Amos McNeal, J. T. Deremer, Zacharias Smith, William H. Shafer, S. H. Barnes, Stephen Horn, A. T. Wenner, William Kurtz, Gottleib Ulmer, Jacob Lambett, Joseph Holler, Nicho- las Weigand, C. F. Miller, Philip Mauey, William Craige, Christian Specht, Lewis Stineman, Martin Specht, Charles Lopp, John Konery, Jacob Shugard, Nathan Shafer, An- thony Fisher, Frederick Deigerman, John Kneiss, John F. Fearnaman. Regular meetings of the grove are held on the first and third Mondays of each month, in Liberty Hall. The membership is 40. The present ofificers are as follows: Henry Kneiss, N. A.; August Bharnes, V. A.; William H. Shafer, secretary; Gottleib Ulmer, treasurer; Nathan Shafer, conductor; C. P. Ruelph, J. G.; Frederick Deig- erman, O. P. PATRIOTIC ORDER SONS OF AMERICA. Washington Camp, No. 91, P. O. Junior S. of A.— This camp was chartered June 13th, 1S68, and rechartered March 16th, 1870, with the word "Junior " stricken out. Charter members: Evan J. Longshore, George D. Gor- man, John E. Briggs, Whitfield H. Meyer, P. L. Vincent, Noah Moyer, A. T. Wenner, Miles Wenner, W. H. Lar- vall, Austin C. Howell, and Morris J. Keck. The first ofificers of the camp were: Past president, Evan J. Longshore; president, George D. Gorman; vice- president, Morris J. Keck; master of forms and ceremo- nies, John E. Briggs; recording secretary, Whitfield A. Meyer; assistant secretary, P. L. Vincent; financial secre- tary, A. T. Wenner; treasurer, Noah Moyer; conductor, Milo Wenner; inner guard, William H. Larvall; outer guard, Austin E. Howell ^^ <¥ -'<=. LODGES AT HAZLETON. 293 The successive presiding officers of the camp have been George D. Gorman, A. T. Wenner, John L. Wil- son, Miles Wenner, D. Tobias Gost, Wilson Wenner, Noah Moyer, John E. Mears, Taylor Anwerter, A. L. Russell, John Wiles, A. T. Jones, F. M. Keck, George Mauey, W. C. Longshore, B. M. Crary, Thomas Bombay, John Craig, H. R. McCartney, Robert E. Turner, W. R. Longshore, M. D., George R. Clark, and William F. Schleppy. The regular meetings of the camp are held on Tues- day evening of each week, in Walnut Holl, Broad street. The present officers are as follows: George R. Clark, P. P.; William F. Schleppy, P.; William H. Dick, V. P.; George Mauey, M. of F. and C; Albert T. Jones, R. S.; U. D. Doud, V. S.; John Lamberson, A. S.; Morris J. Keck, T.; Alexander Heidenreich, C; D. W. Hoffman, Chap.; John Gleim, J. G.; E. Kraus, O. G. ; L. B. Deit- rich, R. S.; G. Greasing, L. S.; trustees, A. T. Jones, R. F. Turner, and George R. Clark. Hazle Cominandcry, No. 17, ATastcr ADiericans, P O. S.of A. was instituted November 22A, 1877. The first officers were: Commander, Robert F. Turner; Lt. com- mander, Albert T. Jones; purser, Morris J. Keck; rector, E. A. Oberrender; inspector, Taylor Anwerter; guard, George R. Clark; scribe, John A. Kapp; financiers, H. C. Longshore, William F. Schleppy, and W. R. Hay. Present officers: Commander, F. M. Keck; Lt. commander, Taylor Anwerter; purser, C. G. Young; scribe, John A. Kapp; rector, F. L. Benner; in- spector, John F. Lamberson; guard, Albert T. Jones; final ciers, John A. Kapp, F. M. Keck and George Mauey. The successive presiding officers have been Robert F. Turner, Albert T. Jones and F. M. Keck. Meetings are held the fourth Thursday evening of each month in Walnut Hall. KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. Mountaineer Lodge, No. 107, K. of P. was instituted at Hazleton September 16th, 1868, by the grand lodge of Pennsylvania, with the following officers: Irven T. Deremer, V. P.; Elias Lamberson, W. C; William Kortz, V. C; William H. Schafer, G.; Christopher Specht, L S.; Ernst H. Suldan, O. S.; Clarence S. Long- shore, R. S.; Samuel H. Barnes, F. S.; Jacob Keinzle, B.; Irven T. Deremer, Peter Heidensick and Ernst H. Suldan, trustees. The regular communications of the lodge are held on Wednesday evening of each week, in Liberty Hall. The following are the present officers, elected July rst, 1879: P. C, Robert Clyde; C. C, John Shugard; V. C. Amos McNeal; P., Lewis W. Grubb; K. of R. & S. Joseph Holler; M. of F., Elias Lamberson; M. of E. Christopher Specht; M. at A., John Walper; I. G., Charles Paul; O. G., Samuel A. Lyman; trustees, Philip Maue, Irven T. Deremer and Samuel A. Lyman. U. O. of G. B. Hazleton Lodge, No.^, United Order of Good Brothers was instituted September nth, 1869, with the following charter members: Henry Meir, Daniel Lamment, Conrad Schuchard, John Schwartz, John Reinmuller, Nicholas Weignr.d and Christopher Specht. The original officers were as follows: O. M., Henry Meir; U. M., Daniel Lammert; chaplain, Conrad Schuchard; secretary, John Schwartz; assistant secretary, Christopher Specht; trea- surer; Rudolph Kelner. The regular meetings of the lodge are held on Saturday evening of each week, in Liberty Hall. The officers for 1879 ivere as follows: O. M., Peter Hugo; U. M,, John Kohlhaas; chaplain, Dan- iel Lnmmert; secretary, Philip Hoebner; assistant secre- tary, Henry Martin; treasurer, Philip Jacob. I. o, OF M. n. Eintracht Council, No. 25, /. O. of M. B. was organized at Hazleton October 25th, 1875, with the following officers: Chief, Elias Breidenbach; deputy chief, August Behrens; secretary, Henry Sachs; treasurer, Henry Martin; war- den, Henry Willmer; O. G., Henry Happig; chaplain, George Fey. The regular councils are held on the first and third Thursday evening of each month, in Walnut Hall. The present membership is 28. The following persons have served as chief of the council: Elias Brei- denbach, August Behrens, George Fey, Henry Martin, Henry Sachs, Christian Schneider, George Gerlach and Adam Bube. The officers for 1879 were as follows: Chief, Adam Ganshorn; deputy chief, Joachim Nicholoy; secretary, Henry Sachs; treasurer, George Itter; warden, John Holtzhauer; O. G., Henry Willmer; chaplain, George Fey. ROYAL AKCANUM. L-wzerne Couucil, No. 167, R. A. was organized at Ha- zleton September i8th, 1878, with the following charter members: W. R. Longshore, R. T. Kreider, M. J. Keck, C. A. Smith, Robert S. Myers, J. E. Giles, A. S. Monroe, H. A. Hooven, AV. F. Roberts, jr., T. M. Santee, Noah Moyer, W. C. Longshore, C. W. Kline, E. S. Doud, D. D. Dodge, T. H. Carter, C. C. Heller and L. W. Grubb. The following were the first officers of the council: Regent, J. E. Giles; vice-regent, T. H. Carter; past re- gent, C. W. Kline; orator and medical examiner, W. R. Longshore, M. D.; secretary, T. M. Santee; collector, Noah Moyer; treasurer, Charles A. Smith; guide, C. C. Heller; warden, W. C. Longshore; sentry, A. S. Monroe. The regular meetings of the council are held on the evenings of the second and fourth Wednesdays in each month, in Walnut Hall, West Broad street. The past regents of the council are C. W. Kline. J. E. Giles and Thomas H. Carter The present officers are: Regent, D, D. Dodge; vice- regent, Robert S. Myers; past regent, Thomas H. Car- ter; orator, T. D. Jones; secretary, Charles A. Smith; collector, Noah Moyer; treasurer, C. F. Brill, jr.; chap- lain, C. C. Heller; guide, A. T. Jones; warden, H. F. Keller; sentry, C. R. Bombay; medical examiner, W. R. Longshore, M. D. 294 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUI^s^Y. HOLLENBACK TOWNSHIP. HIS township was taken from Nescopeck in August, 1845, and named in honor of the late Matthias HoUenback. In i87oits population was 1,303; June 7th, 1S75, the north half was taken off and named in honor of the late Judge Conyngham, and in 18S0 HoUenback had only 736 inhabitants. Three men have been elected justices of the peace of this ton-nship, as follows: Peter Hart, 1846, 1851, 1856, 1861, 1867, 1877; John Fenstermacher, 1850, 1856, 1S61, 1868, 1873; John A. Hart, 1877, 1878. Henry Whitebread, father of B. Whitebread, located in 1807 on the farm now occupied by Tobias Hess, about a mile south of Hobbie. Other settlers came in that and the succeeding year, including John Bachman, wha lo- cated where M. Fox now lives, in Hobbie. Abram Shortz located where John Hart lives, two miles south- west of Hobbie, and John Balliett where Mr. Chippie now lives, in the southeast part of the township. Mr. Balliett (who was the first blacksmith in the township) came from Switzerland; hence the name " Switze Hill" for that portion of the township. David Eroch, located near the Ballietts, on the "Switze." The first saw-mill was built by a Mr. Craig, on the Shortz place, and went to decay long ago. The pioneer grist-mill was built on the Big Wapwallopen, near the site of t'-.e upper works of the Dupont Powder Mills. The first and only tannery was built by Samuel Snyder, on the creek, where J. Harter now lives. Both mill and tannery have gone to decay. The first store was opened about 1825, by Amasa Shoemaker, where John Fox now lives. The first tavern wasopened in what is now Hobbie, about 1825, by Peter Goode. John Harter built the first frame house, in 1848, where Wesley Hess now lives. Bernard Whitebread, now living half a mile southeast of Hobbie, assisted in raising the frame. The first postmaster was Henry Gruver. He was appointed in 1852, and kept the office where Grover's store now is, in the village of Hob- bie. The first road laid out was the one running down the creek from Hobbie to Berwick. The pionegr horti- culturist was Henry Whitebread. He set out an orchard in 1808. He brought the trees from his old home at Holmesburgh, on the Pennypack creek, eight miles below Philadelphia. David Bachman set out an orchard on his place the following year. The pioneer preacher in this section was Rev. Mr. Adams, a Presbyterian minister whose departure was hailed with as much joy as his ad- vent. Hobbie was settled about 1815. The land was owned by Peter Goode. He sold it to Nathan Beach, wlio had it sur- veyed into town lots and sold. There are at this place two stores, a school-house, a hotel, a blacksmith and wagon shop, a church and about 100 inhabitants. The postmaster is Amos Shaver. E. A. Santee is the res- dent physician. Dupont Povstier Wokks. G. P. Parrish & Co. built four powder mills on Big Wapwallopen creek, and operated them for a few years. They then sold to Dupont Brothers, of Wilmington, Del., in 1857, who enlarged the works, making them one of the largest establishments of the kind in the country. There are three rolling mills, one of which is the largest ever built; weight, 51,000 pounds. These three mills make 12,500 pounds of powder daily. There are two hydraulic presses used, of a capacity of 800 kegs per day. The to- tal capacity of the works is 1,000 kegs of 25 pounds. The buildings connected with these works are scattered along the gorge of the Wapwallopen for nearly a raile. A narrow-guage railroad was built from the works to the Lackawanna & Bloomsburg railroad, crossing the river by means of a ferry. This has been abandoned. The concern is under the general superintendence of C. A. Belin, of Wilkes-Barre. W. J. Scott is in charge at the works. About 200 men and boys are employed. Churches. S/. Peter's Reformed Congregation was organized in 1825 or 1826 by Rev. John N. Zeizer, pastor. On Whitsunday in 1826 the first church edifice was dedicated. Mr. Zeizer preached the. dedicatory sermon. Twenty- four male members on that day subscribed to a church constitution. In 1853 another church was built by this congregation in union with the Lutherans, in which both are now worshiping. St.Peter's congregation has the same pastor as Conyng- ham or Wapwallopen congregation. The ministers serving successively to the present time have been Revs. John N. Zeizer, Isaac Shellhammer, Henry Hoffman, A. R. Hottenstein and Tilghman Derr. The membership has continually increased, though it now includes but few of the original twenty-four men. The congregation numbers about one hundred com- municant members. The elders are Washington Moyer and Philip Peter, and the deacons Silas F. Raddler and Daniel Shelhammer. EvangeUcal—lxi 1847 Revs. E. Kohr and A. Valen- shamp, then traveling Columbia circuit, by invitation, came to HoUenback township and took up an appoint- ment in the Peters school-house, where they continued to preach and hold meetings for two years. Daniel Gruver then donated a lot, on which was built a church, and quite a congregation was gathered; at the end of the second year the society numbered 30 communicants. Then followed in succession Rev. Messrs. Brepler, Mc- Kisson, Hice, Binder, Wolf, Reeser, Miller, Clair, Hartz- ler Deitrich, Greham, Pines, Luende, Morris, Kepner, Orwig, Rhodes, Burson, Kreemer and Price. In 1867, under J. M. Morris, the society built a new church on land likewise donated by Daniel Gruver, where the congregation still worships. The same year a par- sonage was built. The church numbers 60 communicants. t •i¥ ip= SETTLEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUNLOCK TOWNSHIP. 295 HUNLOCK TOWNSHIP. 4= HIS township was formed from parts of Union and Plymouth townships, January 8th, 1877. Hiram Croop and William Pritchard have been elected justices of the peace. The pop- ulation in 1880 was 759. Before the Indians left a white family named Boggs settled on the site of the home of Abram Vanhorn; made some improvements, erected dwellings of logs and cleared and farmed land several years. They lived near a village of Indians, probably Shawnees, who also raised crops on the plain. Mr. Boggs joined the army and was probably away from his home when the family was driven off or massacred at the time of the in- vasion in 1778. The friendly Indians who lived near them probably shared the fate of the Boggs family, as no reliable account of them can be found. Improve- ments were made near the mouth of the creek and just below by Edward Blanchard and Jonathan Hunlock prior to 1778, in which year they were also driven out. They returned to their homes probably about 1790. Soon after Frederick Croop settled near the river, on the farm now owned by I. Davenport. John Croop and a large family of Sorbers about the same time moved in back of the mountain and up the creek, where they built dwellings, saw-mills, and other necessary improvements. It is thought that Jacob Sorber, the father of the family, built the first saw-mill, on the site of Hiram Croop's mills, about a mile up the creek from its mouth. Philip Sorber, a son of Jacob, soon after built one a mile further up the creek. The Sorbers and Croops have carried on lumbering until the present time, and available timber is pretty much exhausted. The Croop and Sorber. settlement was early enlarged by the addition of other German families from the valley of the Upper Delaware —the Miller, Cease, Davenport, Cragle, Diets and Brader families — who proved a valuable accession, and among whom were farmers and good mechanics. In 1797 Joseph Dodson, a native of Northampton county, but who had lived in Plymouth several years and had married Susanna, daughter of Joshua Bennet, of that township (whose name is in the list of taxable inhabitants of that township in 1796), moved into Hunlock, having bought eight hundred acres about five miles up the creek, where he brought up a large family, who became useful, respectable citizens, farmers, mechanics and professional men. One of the sons, Joseph B. Dodson, still retains the old homestead, where he was born in 1805. The other sons and the daughters have passed away. Many of their descendants still live near and several on the original farm of eight hundred acres. Samuel Dodson and his sister's husband, Isaac Vanhorn, were among the early inhabitants, though coming a few years later; they all spent long, useful lives in Hunlock. The health of the township is vouched for by the long and industrious lives of those pioneers and families, as many of them reached four score years, and several near five score years of age. Manufacture and Trade. In 1857 an iron-smelting furnace was built near the mouth of the creek, by William Koons, who owned and operated it several years, making some very good pig-iron. Only the ruins remain. The first flouring mill was built in 1843, by Frederick Harlman, about three miles up the creek. It is owned and operated by Ransom Monroe, and still does a fair business. About four miles up the creek a saw and feed mill was built by Leonard Ritchie, in 1850. In 1857 George Gregory bought Mr. Pritchard's mill, which in 1858 was rebuilt and enlarged at a cost of $5,000, by George and Benjamin Gregory, who still own and operate it. In 1869, Jacob Rice built a mill about a mile above the mouth of the creek, which is now used as a feed and chopping mill, being not yet prepared for making flour. There are several saw-mills in the township, and other small mills for the manufacture of shingles, lath, and various kinds of wood work. Hiram Croop, a grandson of both John Croop and Philip Sorber, is a large operator in the lumber business, owning several good mills and employing many hands. His residence and office is about a mile from the depot of Hunlock's Creek. Ransom Pringle has for several years been engaged in merchandizing and has succeeded in establishing an active, prosperous business, a short distance above the depot. Hiram Croop is a thriving merchant near Croop's mills. Darius Whitesell and Alexander Dodson are also in trade. Schools and Churches. Education was generally neglected and books were not considered of i:.iuch importance in the training of the young for many years. If the sons could mark lumbei and count the profits and proceeds of the saw-mill, they were thought proficients in all that was required as prac- tical business men. Until the public school system was enforced many of the children grew up with limited, inadequate facilities for requiring much general knowledge. Now all have accessible schools, and they are all pretty well attended about half the year; books, newspapers and magazines are extensively read, and the literature of the best writers studied and appreciated. A good church was built in 1873 in the northwestern part of the township, near Whitesell's, named " Rockville Church," and a flourishing Sunday-school gathered there; all belonging, to the Methodist Episcopal society. The cost of the building was over $1,000. In 1876 the Baptist society built achurch, costing $1,200, in the eastern part of Hunlock, about two miles from the river, called "East Union;" which also is occupied by a Sunday-school weekly. Several school-houses are also used as places of worship in other neighborhoods. <^ 296 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Soldiers of the Union. When the booming of the purloined cannon and the shouts of traitors at Fort Sumter resounded throughout the country, the echoes struck many gallant hearts, whose impulsive responses said, " We'll rally 'round the flag, boys!" The following names were inscribed as defenders of the Stars and Stripes. Some of the men named fell in the service, and their names are followed by an asterisk: Andrew Aylesworth,* John Aylesworth, Edward Avery, Shadrack Austin,* Torrence Austin, Peter Austin, David Appier, William H. Baer, George S. Baer, Alexander Bonham,* Georpre Bowman, David Bowman, D. W. Culp, Anthony Ci-agle, Daniel Ciagle, Thomas Cragle,* Wesley Crag-le,Alvin Croop, Andrew Croup, iSimon Croup, Lewis Gulp, Charles Culp, Alexander Dodson, Charles M. Dodson, 0. S. Dodson, Leander Dodson, Ira Dodson, Georg-e Duell, Seymour Duell, George Davenport, David Davenport, Jacob Davenport, Lyman Wann; Andrew M. Hunlock, Merritt Koeher, William Lamoren,* Isaac Lamoren,* Zetjulon Moore,* William McShadden, Charles W. Owen,* Edward E Owen, Gaines Frit- chard, William H. Sharpe, John I". Sharpo, Daniel Sorter, Nathaniel Sor- ber, Peter B. Sites, Jefferson Turpin, Wilson Turpin, James Vauhorn, George Wildoner. HUNTINGTON TOWNSHIP. HIS is one of the seventeen " certified town- ships " laid out by the Susquehanna Com- pany and confirmed by acts of the Assembly passed in 1799. Under the Connecticut title, previous to 1776, it was known, as Blooraingdale township," and the name was changed to Huntington in 1799 in honor of Samuel Huntington, a native of Windham, Conn., who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. This township lay across an ancient and well trodden path of the red man, and in his travel to and from the western frontier during the dark days of border warfare, the few settlers suffered greatly in the loss of some of their number, who were murdered or taken prisoners, to say nothing of the stock and provisions taken and de- stroyed by the savages. The first settler was John Franklin. He came from Connecticut in the spring of 1775, as one of the Susque- hanna proprietors, under the Connecticut claim. He located on Huntington creek below what is now Hublevs- ville, where he built a log house and spent most of the summer with his family. He returned to his native State in the autumn on account of the difficulties arising be- tween this country and Great Britain. Levi Seward, from Connecticut, located in 1776 in the north part of the township, and from him has sprung a large and respectable family. Nathaniel Goss came in 1776 and located on the farm now known as the Howard Hotel property at Hublensville. The tract of 334 acj-es on which he settled was granted to Henry Marks by letters patent dated April 4th, ^775. In i7,S2 or 1783 Abraham Hess settled near the head waters of Fishing creek, in the northwest part of the township. He came from New Jersey and was the progenitor of a large and influential family. Stephen Kingsbury was one of the pioneers locating where J. W. Kingsbury now lives, near Town Hill. He was a surveyor, and assisted in the orig- inal survey of Huntington township. Reuben Culver ar- rived from Connecticut February 14th, 1795, and located in the west part of the township, where Oliver Culver now lives. The latter was born March i8th, 1795, on his present farm. Reuben Culver was the father of a numer- ous family who have married into some of the first fami- lies of this county. Abel Fellows. Stephen Harrison and Samuel and Amos Franklin in 1777 located in the south- west part of the township, where many of their descend- ants still reside. From 1778 Thomas Williams, one of the pioneers who escaped from Forty Fort, lived at the foot of Knob mountain during the remainder of his life. S^ilon Trescott was born in Sheffield,. Mass., iij 1750, and located in Huntington in June, 1778. He built a log house near where Colonel E. L. Trescott now lives. About a month after he came he and Solomon Gas and Thomas and Samuel Williams were warned by the mili- tary authority to appear at Forty Fort for the defence of the inhabitants against the Indians and tories. There they were taken prisoners, but escaped the same night, and reached their homes in Huntington on the night of the third day. They sought safety in- Connecticut in the autumn of that year. After a few years Mr. Trescott re- turned, to find that a chestnut tree had grown up through the middle of his mansion. He left it as a monument to mark the place of his pioneer hut, and built another and better log house a short distance from the old one, which he occupied for many years. His father, Samuel Tres- cott, held a proprietary right in Huntington under the Connecticut claim, and was one of the original surveyors of the township. Colonel Edward L. Trescott was one of the early set- tlers in this township, and was actively interested in local military affairs, serving as major fourteen years, lieuten- ant colonel seven years, and colonel seven years, and in his last years was an aide on the staff of Governor Bigler, of this State. He was a great hunter, and killed with his own rifle more than a thousand deer in this township, be- sides a large number of bears and panthers. John Dodson was born in Northampton county. Pa., February 26th, 1771, and located in Huntington in 1796! He was the first Pennsylvanian who settled in this town- ship, all other settlers having come from States east of this. He was a prominent and enterprising farmer, and died May 9th, 1859, leaving a widow and eighteen'chil- dren. Joseph Dodson located in Huntington township in 1S06, on the farm where he died in 1851. He was prominently identified with all the progressive interests of his adopted township. He was the father of twelve children. John Koons located in what is now New Columbus borough in 1819, and became one of the most prominent men in this part of the township. He was largely inter- ested in the Nanticoke and Hughesville and the Susque- hanna and Tioga turnpikes. In 1836 he was appointed postmaster of New Columbus, and in 1858 became in- KARLY HISTORY OF HUNTINGTON TOWNSHIP. 297 terested in the building of the Academy and Normal Institute at that place. He was appointed by Governor Shonk one of the judges for Luzerne county. He built the Wyoming Valley Canal from Shickshinny to the Search farm. He was a justice of the peace from 187 1 to 1876. He was a surveyor and a merchant at New Columbus. He died February 13th, 1878. Jabez Matthias and Reuben Williams were also early settlers. Jabez came in 1798. John Johnson located near or on the town line road, east side of the township, and was soon followed by Earl Tubbs and Stephen Davenport. Jonathan Westover located near Pine creek, in the northwest part of the township, and Peter Wygant on the hill above Jameson Harvey's place. The Monroe family were early settlers on Huntington creek. Amaziah Watson settled just below the Scott house, on the Hunt- ington creek road. Other settlers were William Brandon, a Methodist preacher, and William, Jared and John Edwards, who immigrated from Ireland soon after the close of the Revolutionary war. Thomas Patterson, born in Scotland and educated in Ireland, located in Huntington about 1799, in the north- east part of the township. Mrs. Minerva T. Patterson now lives on the old homestead. Her grandmother, Margaret Louise, was a cousin of Louis XIV. of France. The grandmother of Thomas Patterson was a sister of Lord Montgomery, of Scotland. Thomas Patterson's wife was a daughter of Colonel Nathan Denison, of Wyoming valley fame. Among the other early settlers previous to iSoo were Amos, Samuel and Silas Franklin, Richard Williams, David Woodward, Stephen C. Kingsbury, Thomas Tubbs, John Chapin, George Stewart, Peter Chambers, Nathan Tubbs, Jonathan Fellows, E. Wadsworth, Benjamin Ful- ler, Robert Wilson, Stephen Sutliff, Stephen Harrison (in 1796) and Levi Seward, who came here in 1776. Obadiah Scott, who settled on Huntington creek, about two miles below Hublersville, built the first frame house. It is still standing, and is known as the " old Scott house." John Koons had a cloth-mill at an early date, and was also engaged in the mercantile business, be- sides carrying on a large farm. He was a soldier in the war of i8t2. He is now living at New Columbus. Epenetus Wadsworth, grandfather of P. C. Wadsworth, located in 1794 near Town Hill. He was the first black- smith in Huntington. He burned charcoal for himself and others. He was also the pioneer horticulturist, hav- ing set out an orchard on his lot in 1799, in which most of the trees are still in bearing and afford a good quality of fruit. The Indian trail from Shickshinny to Williams- port crossed his farm near the brick school-house of Town Hill. The well beaten path is still visible. Mr. Wads- worth was an extensive land operator for those days, and was also a local preacher. Thomas Harvey, an Englishman, located at Harvey- ville and opened a shop, where he carried oh blacksmith- ing several years. This was soon after the advent of " Deacon Wadsworth." The pioneer tanner and shoe- maker was Benjamin Fuller. He located near Hunting- ton creek, not far from, the Earned place. The first grist- mill was a log structure, built in 1788, wiih one ruri of stones, by Mr. Hopkins, at the mouth of Marsh creek. He built a saw-mill at the same place. Nathaniel Goss, grandfather of the present Nathaniel Goss, built a grist- mill on the stream that empties into Huntington creek from the north, on the north side of the old Goss farm, now owned by A. Howard. It would grind about three bushels of corn per day. It was first run by hand, and subsequently by water power. Nathaniel Goss, jr., built the mill known as the Workheiser mill, which stands on the opposite side of the stream from the old one. The land on which Hopkins's mill stood was donated for mill purposes by the Susquehanna Company. In 1798 Nathan Beach built the Rogers mill on Marsh creek. Bacon's carding and fulling-mill was built on Huntington creek in 1817. The grist-mill at Harveyville was originally built in 1798, and replaced in 1837 by a new one, which was subsequently burned, and ■ the present one built in 1869. The taxable inhabitants of Huntington in 1796 were: Elijah Austin, Ealph Austin, James Hensooter, Elam nonamc, Henry Baker, Anthony Bensooter, Andrew Blanchor, Isaac Benseoter, Daniel Culver, Aaron Culver, Reuben Culver, lleuben Blish, Darius Cullender, John Chapin, James Earles, John Evans, John Fayd, Silas Ferry, Aliiel Fellows, 0\'il Fellows, Samuel Franklin, Daniel Fuller, Benjamin Ful- ler, Cieorse Fink, Amos Franklin, Nathaniel Ooss, Elijah Goodwin, Doc- tor Gaylord, Philip Goss, Timothy Hopkins, Stephen Harrison, William Harrison, Caleb Hoyt, Samuel Hover, Emanuel Hover, Nathan Jen- nings, Joseph Kingrsbury, Samuel King-, Moses Lawrence, Elias Long:, .lohn Long, Hufus Lawrence, jr., Rutus Lawrence, sen., Joseph Moss, Nathan Monroe, John Miller, Solon Tresoott, r.ideon Post, Joseph Pot- ter, John Potter, Jerry Preston, Loyd Marshall, Elijah Wood, sen., Eli- jah Wood, jr., Abel SutlHf, Miles Sutlifl, Thomas Stephens, Jonathan Stevens, Amos Seward, Barney Sutliff, Eli Seward, Enos Seward, jr., Bnos Seward, sen.. Gad Seward, Obadiah Scott, Jesse Scott, Obadiah Scott, jr., Abraham Smith, Thomas Tubbs, Thomas Taylor, Nathan Tubbs, Earl Tubbs, Nathan Tubbs. jr.. Job Tripp, Jabez Williams, Uriah Williams, Thomas Williams, Tarball Whitney, Daniel Warner, John Wandall and David Woodward. Roads. The old turnpike running from Berwick to Towanda was chartered June 9th, 1808, and ran across the north part of this township, passing through the village of Cam- bra. The road was built about 1820; daily lines of stages passed over it each day. It was abandoned as a stage route about r84o, and as a toll road about 1845. The first road laid out in this township was the one- through the Huntington creek valley. Soon other roads . were surveyed and worked. April ist, 1836, a charter was granted to the Nanticoke and HughesviUe Turnpike Company, the road to run from Nanticoke Falls to HughesviUe, Lycoming county, passing through New Columbus. The Union Turnpike Road Company was formed in 187s, and was chartered in 1876. The charter allows the company to extend its road from Shickshinny through the township of Huntington to Fairmount Springs. The road is now completed about six and a half miles from Shickshinny, to the Huntington creek valley, at a cost thus far of |i 2,000. 'J'lie stockholders are N. B. Crary, J. W. Stackhouse, B. D. Koons, William A. Campbell, F. A. B. Koons. S. F. Monroe and D. G. Earned. The =-^^ officers of the company are N. B. Crary, president; B. D. Koons, secretary, and D. G. Larned, treasurer. Justices. The following have been the justices of the peace elected for this township since the consritution of 1838: John Dodson, 1840; Jonathan Westover, 1840; Jared Harrison, 1849; Silas Dodson, 1849, 1850; Benjamin Harvey, 1849; Dyer L. Chapin, 1853, 1858; Thomas Pat- terson, 1854; G. C. McWaine, 1859, 1864; Barnard Sut- liff, i860, 1865; P. C. Wadsworth, 1869, 1874, 1879; William H. Trescott, 1870; H. D. Watson, 1875. Churches and Chapei.s. Methodist Episcopal Church of Town Hill. — The clouds of Revolutionary strife had not fairly blown away before the itinerant's familiar tin horn was heard resounding through the valleys, echoing over the hills and re-echoing through the forests of Huntington, calling the people to- gether for worship. Meetings were held in barns and houses as occasion required, and as soon as possible in school-houses. The first building used as a church by the Methodists was an old school-house southeast of Town Hill, on the road toward Shepherd's and Newton's. It was built in the style peculiar to those early days, for the accommodation of both school and church, with doors in the middle of the building hinged to the ceiling, and dropped when it was desired to make a small room for school purposes. This house was used many years for this double purpose. In 1794 the little band was reinforced by Rev. Epene- tus Wadsworth, a local preacher, who settled in the im- mediate vicinity, and was always diligent and faithful in the performance of his Christian duties. About 1836 the society built a small church on :he cor- ner southwest of Town Hill, near J. M. Shaw's. In 1873 this was taken down and rebuilt at Town Hill village, where it now stands. The society also owns a parsonage at Town Hill. The present value of the church property is $3,000. The trustees in 1879 were G. W. Huff, J. W. Stevens, John Shepherd, W. W. Belles and P. C. Wads- worth. Nelso7i M. E. Chapel, at Huntington Mills, was built in 1871, and was dedicated by and named in honor of the late Rev. Reuben Nelson, D. D., principal of the Kings- ton Seminary, and afterward head of the Methodist Book Concern at New York. The building is of wood, finished and furnished in modern style, and cost $1,500. The membership of the society is 20. Dodson M. E. Chapel, in the southwest part of this town- ship, was built in 1876, of wood, and is 33 by 40 feet, of modern architecture, and substantially finished and fur- nished, costing $1,600. It was dedicated December 24th, 1876, by Rev. Aaron M. Kester. The membership here is 40. TheJ;rustees for 1879 were William, J. W., W, J. and R. F. Chapin, S. C. and E. H. Kingsbury, E. L. Phillips, Paul Fullmer and Hiram Markle. Methodist Ministers. — These Methodist societies are in the Bloomingdale circuit of the Wyoming Conference. Two or three preachers have always been on the circuit at once, and therefore a great number from first to last. A complete list since 1804 has been preserved by Mrs. Sarah Harvey and her daughter, Mrs. Bethia W. Brown, of New Columbus. Those since 1850 have been as fol- lows- J. W. Hang-hawout, 1850, 1861, 1863 ; T. M. Goodf ellow, 1850 ; T. M. Barn- hart, 1851, 1852 ; A. M. Baraitz, 1851 ; J. A. Demoyer, 1833 ; Franklin Dyson, 1863, 1854 ; Jacob Eyre, 18.53 ; B. P. King, ia54, 1869-71 ; Thomas H. Switzer, 1835, 1856 ; Asbury W. Gwyer, 1855; Samuel Shannon, 1856; Bli- sha'Butler, ia57, 1858 ; A. M. Kester, 1857, 1858 ; J. F. Porter, 1859, 1860 ; P. B. Kuch, 1859; Isaac Austin, 1860; H. C. Paraoe, 1861; Emory Swartz, 1863; David Castleman, 1863, 1864 ; Isaac Austin, 1863 ; Watson Case, 1864; Charles Cleaver, 1865 ; P. F- Eyre, 1865, 1866 ; M. P. Ci-oswaithe, 1866, 186T, 1808 ; E. MeVcy Chilcoat, 1867 ; A. C. Croswaithe, 1868, 1869 ; J. T. Shan- non,' 1870-73; Henry Wilson, 1373-74; M. C. Brittain, 1873, 1874 ; J. Guss, 1875 ; J. P. Brenford, 1876 ; J. F. Brown, 1876, 1877 ; I. T. Morehead, 1876 ; Eeuben Loveland, 1877, 1878 ; W. A. Carver, 1878 ; Eichard H. Gilbert, 1878, 1879; John Horning, 1879 ; Benjamin H. Mosser, 1879. Pine Creek Methodist Protestant Church, known as the " Webster Chapel," was built in 1869, and dedicated in 1870, by Rev. Mr. Webster; is located on Pine creek northeast from New Columbus, at what is known as Hess's Mills. The present trustees of the church are Josiah Van Horn, Thomas L. Dodson, Nathan Hartman and Gilbert Colander. The First Universalisi society was organized in 1846, with the following members: John Shively, John Koons, William J. Carman, Lewis Stiles, Hugh Watson, Fletcher B. Dodson, Jorad Harrison, James E. Shively, Mary Shively, Emeline Migrath, Margaret Shively, Rachel Seicum, Joseph Hedden, Andrus Fellows, Silas Dodson, Jacob Boston, H. H. Seicum, Eveline A. Koons, Elvira Haynes. Standing committee: A. Fellows, Esq. Dodson, Esq. Harrison, James Hedden, H. Watson, John Koons, clerk; John Shively, treasurer Educational. The Columbus Male and Female Academy was built in 1858, with funds raised by subscription for stock of the concern. One hundred and fifty-two shares at $10 each were subscribed for by seventy-four persons. The necessary buildings were erected, and the school opened with fair prospects, but as an academic school it has not been a success. The Huntington Mills Educational Society was organ- ized in 1878. An acre of land for a building lot was purchased of Amos Howard for $180. The building is of wood, two stories high, and conveniently arranged for an academic school. It cost $2,000, and was completed in July, 1878. The first terra was opened September 2nd, 1878, with one hundred pupils, under charge of Prof. J. W. Swingle, assisted by W. W. Van Horn. The stockholders of the association are F. A. B. Koons, S. H. Dodson, Franklin Monroe, Perry Monroe, Clinton Bacon, M. D., Gove Larned, Amos Howard, George Remaly, William Workhiser and Redmond Koons. The officers are S. H. Dodson, president; F. A. B. Koons, secretary; George Remaly, treasurer. In 1878 there were twelve schools in the township and in New Columbus, and twenty teachers employed, besides the academic school at Huntington Mills. ■f^^= \ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, DALLAS, FAIRMOUNT, FRANKLIN, HUNTINGTON, LAKE, AND ROSS TOWNSHIPS, DALLAS AND NEW COLUMBUS BOROUGHS. Casper W. Bailey, -bIio has been postmaster of Red Hock since 1872, is a native of Switzerland, and was born April 37th, 1833. He married Sue E. Harrison, of Fairmount Springs. He was elected assessor of Fairmount in February, 1880. for one year. William Belles, a resident of Camden, is a native of Benton, Colum- bia county, Pa., and was born November 4th, 1835. He is a farmer, mer- chant and marble dealer. He married Miss Catharine Ash, of Fishing Creek, Pa. Their children are Mary E., Ella M. and Eva C. B. A. BiDLACK is a farmer of Huntington, and was born in that town- ship August 1st, 1843, and married Miss Catharine Melick, also of Hunt- ington. His father, William Bidlaek, located in Huntington in 1811. S. M. Blanchard is a native of Boss township, and was born June 4th, 1846. Mi-s. Blanchard was Mrs. Cordelia Moss, also of Boss. Mr. Blanchard, who is now a farmer, served in the Army of the Potomac during the Hebellion, enlisting in Company F 143d Pa. volunteers Sep- tember 12th, 1863, and receiving bis discharge June 12th, 1865. J. W. BOGART was born in New Columbus, Pa., September 28th, 1848. He was man-ied February 20th, 1876, to Emma A. Seward, of Hunting- ton, Pa., who was born October 30th, 1864. She was the first female school director of New Columbus borough. Mr. Bogart has been bur- gess, auditor and councilman of New Columbus. He is at present a blacksmith at Dallas. Mrs. Bethiah W. Bowman resides at New Columbus. She was born June 15th, 1817, in Harveyville, Pa., and married George W. Bowman in 1838. Her present business is farming. She was a daughter of Benja- min Harvey, the first settler of Hai-vcyville. She has five sons and one daughter living. B. B. Bowman was a member 6t Company B 199th Pa. volunteei-s, and was wounded at Fort Gregg, Va., April 2nd, 1865. C. F- Bowman was in the 7th Pa. Myrtle W. Brace, of Franklin, was born in that townahip in 1832, and wasmaiTied in 1853 to Margaret Durland; they have three children. He has been a school director; is a member of the Methodist church. D. C. Beakdon, carpenter, is a native of Fairmount, and was born July 30th, 1851. C. D. Brahdon was born in Fairmount, June 35th, 1853. He is a farmer. James Brandoh's native place wits Huntington. He was born March nth, 1814. Mrs. Brandon was Jemima Culver, of Huntington, Mr B. is engaged in farming. B. W Briokel was born in Lehigh county. Pa., September 29th, 1863, and located in Dallas in 1874,where he is now engaged in the furniture and undertaking business. His wife was Mary E. Honey well, of Dallas. She was born August 35th, 1860. Their children have been: Freddie, born March 3nd, 1878, and died February 11th, 1879; WiUiam Henry, born September 35th, 1879. William Callender was born in Fairmount, July 20th, 1831. Eliza S. Sutton, who became his wife, is a native of Newton, Lackawanna county. Mr. Callender is a farmer and stock raiser. Silas Callender, son of Darius Callender, was born in Huntington, October 6th, 1805. Mrs. Mary Carkufl! Callender is from Wllkes-BaiTe. Mr. Callender Is a retired farmer. Prof. William A. Campbell was born in Nescopeck township, August 13th, 1837. He left home quite early in life in pursuit of an education. In May, 1872, the school directors appointed him county superintendent, to which office he was subsequently elected by the people. At present he is engaged in the hardware business. Edmund Carey is a farmer and resides at New Columbus. He was born August 22nd, 1832, in South Wilkes-Barre, Pa. His first wife was Phebe Harned, of Union township. His second wife was Almira B. Carnes, of Fishing Ci'eek, Pa. Mr. Carey has been justice of the peace since 1875. B. D. Carey, of New Columbus, is a farmer. He was born In Plalns- ville. Pa., Api-il23nd, 1831, and married Miss Mary Dodder, of Fishing creek. Pa. He was a private in Company H 198th Pennsylvania volun- teers. His father was an early settler in Plains. J. L. Carey, of Cambra, was born in Easton, Pa., October 14th, 1824. He married Miss Martha McHenry, of Stillwater, Columbia county. Pa. He was a private in Co. 1 143d Pennsylvania volunteers from January to July, 1865. He is a member of the firm of Pealer & Carey, cabinet makers. His grandfather was a captain in the Kevolution, and also served under General Jackson at New Orleans. W. J. Chapin resides at Dodson's Chapel, and is a farmer. He was born in Huntington township, October 1st, 1829. His wife was Marga- ret Ehone, of Benton, Columbia county. Pa. Mr. Dodson is a school director, and is town auditor. His pai-ents were early settlers in Hunt- ington. Mrs. Catharine M. Creveling was born in Huntington, February lst,1813. Her maiden name was Fellows. She maiTied Isaiah Creveling, who was born at Fishing Creek, Columbia county. Pa., May 20th, 1810, and died December 28th. 1864. She is engaged in farming. David Martin Culver, residing at Town Line, was born May 2nd, 1822, in Union township. Pa. He mairled Laura D. Watson, of Milf ord. Pa., and after her death he mai-ried a daughter of Captain Sharon Waples, of Jersey City, N. J. Mr. Culver is one of the enterprising fanners of Huntington township, and an ardent and liberal supporter of the M. E. church. 1^. L. Davis, carpenter, was born March 23d, 1823, in Cherry township, Sullivan county. Pa. His first wife was Jane Edson, of Massachusetts, who died August 35th, 1860. His present wife was Amelia Holmes, of Columbia county. Pa. A. G. Davison, M. D., a practicing physician of Cambra, studied med- icine with Dr. E. F. Kamerly, and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1871. He was born in Berwick, Pa., March 18th, 1844, and married Miss Elizabeth Gearhart, of Huntington. He served in Company F 149th Pa. volunteers from August, 1862, to July, 1865. T. L. Dodson, a farmer and resident of New Columbus, is a native of Huntington township, and was born March 10th, 1810. His grandfather, Thomas Dodson, was the one who went after and brought home Miss Abigail Dodson, who was captured by the Indians on the Lehigh river April 25th, 1780. Mr. Dodson's parents were early settlers on Pine creek. S. H. Dodson was born in Huntington, June 8th, 1818. His wife was Lydia, daughter of Robert Davenport, of Plymouth, Pa. Mr. Dodson is a farmer. Ira Doty is a farmer, residing at Town Hill. He was born in Pitts- ton, Pa., January 22nd, 1842. His wife was Susan C. Ehinard, of Center township, Columbia county. Pa. His parents were early settlers in that county. <^ 2g&A I t p \ J 2')ZB HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. William S. Downing, farmer and formerly a lumberman, wan born at Lowreytown, Luzerne county, December 4tli, 1836, and married Miss Mary Markle, of Town Hill, this county. He enlisted in Company I 143d Pa. volunteere, August 12th, 1863, and was discharged June 23d, 1864, on account of wounds received in action. C. B. Ddrland, farmer, carpenter and builder at Sweet Valley, was born April 21st, 1838, in North Moreland, Wyoming county. His wife was formerly Sarah C. Furgerson, of Jackson, Pa. In February, 1880, Mr. Durland was elected justice of the peace for five years. LUTHEE Dymond is a licensed exhorter of the Methodist church, and has been a school director of Franklin township. He was born in 1882, and married in 1844 to Rebecca Snell; he has eight children. J. H. Edson, a farmer and wheelwright at Town Hill, was born at that place, August 24th, 1845, and married Mary E. Harrison, of Town Hill. HeservedinCompanyF 149th Pennsylvania volunteers from August 16th, 1862, to the close of the civil war. William A. Franklin was born at Huntington Mills, September 14th, 1836, and married Miss A. E. McDaniels, of Sussex county, N. J. He is the father of three sons and three daughters. He was born in the house built by his grandfather, Samuel Fi-anklin, and occupied by his father, William Franklin, till the latter died in June, 1829. Mr. Frank- lin is a farmer and a teacher. JAMES Garrahan. a native of Plymouth, Pa., was born December 26th, 1828. and married in December, 1852, to Miss Mary A. Pringle, of Plymouth, Pa. He has been justice of the peace of Dallas since 1870, and is engaged in the mercantile and lumber business at that place. Franklin Gat, of Franklin township, son of William and Nancy Gay, was bom in 1843, married in 1868, and has three children. He has been an inspector of election ; is a member of the Baptist church. George Gearhart was a native of New Jersey, having been born in Lebanon, Hunterdon county, February 19th, 1792. He married Rebecca McPherson, of Mount Bethel, Northampton county. Pa., who was born April 10th, 1795. He served three months in the war of 1812, and settled here in 1828. He was a farmer and weaver, but retired from business some time before his death, which occurred Mach 3nd, 1851. J. H. Gerhard was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., December 23d, 1849, and was married March 20th, 1876, to Delia Burgen, of Schuylkill, Pa. Their children are Bessie E., born January 3d, 1877, and Katie M., March 32nd, 1878. Mr. Gerhard is a dealer in tin and hardware at Dallas. Charles Good, farmer, residing at Waterton, is a native of Plains- vllle,Pa., and was born July 10th, 1833. He married Miss C. A. Daven- port, of Town Line. His father, Jacob Good, located here in 1836, on the Fellows farm, where he still resides, aged eighty-eight. He was in the war of 1812, and is one of the te,- i^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 298 C F. M. LoCKARD, a Dative and resident of New Columbus, was born March Zist, 1845, and married Sarah E. Heath, of Jackson, Columbia county. Pa. Mr. Lockard is a carpenter. He enlisted In Company 1 143d Pennsylvania volunteers, August 12th, 1862, He "vras wounded in ihe battle of the Wilderness May Bth, 1864, and discharged June 12th, 1865. George F. Long was born in Fairmouut township, November 20th, 1826, and married Minerva Kyle, of Long Pond, Columbia county. He isa farmer and bis post-office is Bloomingdale. J. W. LOHQ, who is engaged in farming, was born on the 5th of April, 1833, in Falrmount. Mrs. Long was Miss Ardamanda Myers, of Hunting- ton. Peter Melick, a farmer and tanner, was born in Huntington, May 27th, 1838. He enlisted in Company F 149th Pennsylvania volunteers, August 18th, 1862, and was discharged in June, 1865. His wife was Margaret Wilcox, daughter of Samuel Wilcox. G. F. Moore resides at Town Hill, and is a farmer. He was bom in Sugarloaf, Columbia county. Pa., March 22nd, 1851. February 8th, 1874, he married Lottie S. Wadsworth, of Town Hill, who died January 1st, 1879, leaving two boys, Edwin Ernest and Leroy Putnam. John Moss, fai-mer, Bloomingdale, was born in this township, Sep- tember 19th, 1820. His wife, formerly Eliza Long, who is also a native of Boss, was born June 5th, 1814. George W. Munson, an ordained local deacon of the Methodist church, was born on the farm where he now resides in Franklin town- ship, in 1817. He married Sallie A. Lewis in 1859, and has one child. He has held numerous township offices. Benjamin NtrLTON was born in Franklin, July 21st, 1821, and was married December 17th, 1848, to Alvira Holcomb, of Kingston, Pa. He owns and occupies one of the first settled farms in Franklin township. Thomas Ogden was born March 17th, 1814, in Mount Pleasant town- ship, Columbia county, and in 1839 married Letitia McCarty, of Madison township, Columbia county, who was born September 4th, 1816. He has been justice of the peace since 1865 and held all the other township offices except that of constable. He is a farmer. George W. Osborn is engaged in the harness business at New Colum- bus. He was born in Philadelphia, Pa., January 17th, 18,51. His wife was Emma J. Smith, of Conyngham, Pa. Mr. Osborn is sergeant of Company H 9th regiment N. G. P., and a member of the common coun- cil of New Columbus. John L. Pealer (formerly spelled Bealer), a resident of the village of Cambi-a, was born at Fishing Creek, Columbia county, Pa., May 27th, 1840, and married Mary B. Carey July 18th, 1867. She was a daOghter of J. L. Carey, of Cambra. Their children are John L., Maud and Balph B. Mr. Pealer is a cabinet maker and undertaker at Cambra, with J. L. Carey. J. M. Patten was born in Huntington township, September 8th, 1819, and in 1841 married S. M. Shalfer, of Fairmount. He is a farmer. Andrew Race was born in Kingston, Pa., in 1819, and in 1840 was mar- ried to Kate Pierce, of Plymouth, Pa. He is the genial and popular pro- prietor of the only hotel in Dallas borough. Captain Jacob Bice was born in Kingston township, June 16th, 1817, and in the following year removed with his parents to Dallas, where he has since resided. He has long been engaged in lumbering and farming. W. T. EiDALL, one of the enterprising farmers of Huntington, was born in that township, June 26th, 1844, and married Miss Sarah M. Thomas, also of Huntington. He enlisted in Company I 2nd Pennsyl- vania artillery in 1863, and was discharged October 18th, 1865. John Robinson, born in Salem township, November 2nd, 1837, mar- ried Sally C. Buckalew, of Faii-mount. He belonged to Company F 7th Pennsylvania reserve corps for three years from June 13th, 1861, serv- ing in all the ranks from private to captain. H P Robinson, teacher, surveyor and insurance broker at Fairmount Springs,was born in Fairmount township,October 17th,1849, and man-ied Jessie Smith, also of Fairmount Springs. C. W. EuQGLBS, merchant, was born February 21st, 1849, in Boss township, where he married Rosa H. Rood. Abbam Btman was born in DaUas, August 31st, 1817. He was married September 16th, 1842, to Miss Jemima Kunkle. In 1850 he engaged m trade and farming, which he followed until his death, December 17th, 1873. His sons continue the business, under the firm name of A. Byman &Sons, at Dallas. Theodore F. was born August 23d, 1845, and married in 1874 to Miss E. M. Barnes, of Mehoopany, Pa. William P. was born November 5th, 1849 and married in 1879 to Miss C. M. Eaoe, of Freeport, 111. John J. was born April 3d, 1853, and married in 1875 to Miss M. C. Atwater, of Providence, Pa. D. P. Shupp (a farmer, formerly a lumberman) was born in Monroe county, November 18th, 1836. He married Lydia A. Snyder, of Lake township. Fred. K. Sbelet, carpenter at Fairmount Springs, is a native of Salem township, and was born August 8th, 1828. His wife was EmeUne H. Fritz, of Fairmount. Mr. Seeley has been elected justice of the peace, auditor and school director. Z. D. Smith was born in Dallas, March 7th, 1857. In 1879 he was mar- ried to Miss L. Maria Frantz, of Dallas. Mr. Sinith is engaged in farming. Calvin A. Spencer, physician and surgeon, was bom in Dun- more, Pa., in 1841. His wife, Ida E. Campbell, is a native of Abington, Pa. Dr. Spencer served one year in the 171st Pennsylvania volunteers. John W. Stevens is a farmer residing near Town Hill, where he was bom February 16th, 1834. His wife, formerly Julia Kile, was from Sul- livan county. Pa. Mr. Stevens has served his township as school direct- or and town auditor. His father, Thomas A.Stevens, located in Hun- tington in 1789, and cleared up the farm where he lived till 1871, when he died. Z. S. Stevens, a farmer by occupation, was born in Cambra, Pa., June 2l8t, 1835, and married Han-iet Ann Seward, who wasbornJanuary 10th, 1835, In Fairmount. Mr. Stevens's ancestors were among the early set- tlers of Huntington. He was a private in Company A 178th Pennsylva- nia volunteers, and has held several important civil offices. A. A. Stevens, farmer, a native and resident of New Columbus, was bom May 31st, 1843, and married Miss Celia M. Creveling, of New Colum- bus. Their children are Walter L., Dora C, Alfred B. and Benjamin S. The grandfather of Mr. Stevens was an early settler at Town Hill. Barney Stroud was born in Middle Smithfield, November 30th, 1825. He was married February 17th, 1853, to Bebecca S. Louder, of Dushore, Pa., who was bom February 13th, 1830. Mr. Stroud was a justice of the peace from 1805 to 1870. He is a farmer of Dallas. J. M. SUTLIFF is a farmer. He served during the last nine ' months of the Rebellion as a member of Company B 199th Pennsylvania volun- teers, enlisting August 23d, 1804. He was born in Fairmount township, December 18th, 1844, and married Fanny Kester, of Boss. B. B. Swayze, a resident of New Columbus, was bom in Hope, N. J., August 5th, 1809. He is now engag:ed in the mercantile business at New Columbus and Mahanoy City. His wife was Miss Sarah MoMurtrie, of Hope, N. J. Edward Traxler is a laborer, residing at Town Hill, and was born there, September 20th, 1828. He served in Company 1 143d Pennsylvania volunteers and in the 58th company 2nd battalion veteran reserve corps during the war. Luther (son of Solon and Margaret) Trescott was born in Litchfield county. Conn., April 29th, 1787, and came with his parents to Hunting- ton March 1st, 1793, whore he lived a useful, respected citizen, and died February 1st, 1871. He was a carpenter, architect and bridge builder. He was an exemplary member of the M. E. church more than fifty years. He and his wife, Eleanor Parlts, were the parents of four sons and four daughters. Edmund Tubes was born in Fairmount township, on the 23d of No- vember, 1822. Cassandana Emory, of Huntington, who became his wife in October, 1846, was born July 6th, 1838. Mr. Tubbs enlisted in Com- pany H of the 198th Pennsylvania volunteers, September 1st, 1864, and served ten months. He has been school director for the last six years. He is a farmer. William G. Tybeman is a farmer and bookkeeper, residing at Town Hill. He is a native of Salem, this county; was bom October 5th, 1812, and married Lucy Stevens, of Huntington. He located here in 1829, with 50 cents cash and a few " duds " tied up in a handkerchief. He learned the blacksmith's trade, and built the shops now occupied by the Bogart Brothers. He also built the houses occupied by Messrs. Wads- worth, Stiles and Bogart, the store of G. W. HufE and the house where he himself resides. W. G. Tyreman is a farmer and resides at Town Hill, where he was born April 16th, 1848. His wife, formerly Eliza Snyder, is a native of the same place. Their children are Lee and Minnie. Mr. Tyremau's father was an early settler in this township. P. C. Wadsworth, who holds the office of justice of the peace, was bom in Huntington, September 30th, 1824. He is a farmer and survey- or. His wife v/as Miss Elizabeth Thompson, of Berwick, Pa. 4,= -|< Hh =^N 298 z» HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. H. D. Watson resides at Waterton, and is a farmer. He was born at this place, June 8tli, 1830. Mrs. Watson, formerly Susan Pringle, is a na- tive of Plymouth, Pa. Mr. Watson was elected a justice of the peace in 1875 for five years. He is the mail carrier between Shiokshinny and Waterton. He has held many of the township offices. His children are Franlc I. and Bertha M. His erandfather was an early settler. William Werkhiseh, a resident of Huntington Mills, was bom in Monroe county, Pa., April 30th, 1831. His wife was Miss Eebecca E. Sanders, of Plainsville, Pa., who was born March Sflth, 1834. Mr. Werk- hiser is a merchant miller. His parents came from Germany, and were early settlers of Monroe county. J. B. Westover, of Pine Creek, was born in Wyoming, Pa., August 10th, 1835. His wife, now deceased, was a Miss Blish,.of Fairmount. Mr. Westover is a farmer. He enlisted in Company F 7th Pa. volunteers June 13th, 1861, was appointed sergeant, and was discharged October 80th, 1862. He was wounded Juno 87th, 1863, at Gaines Mill. His grand- father settled on Pine Creek in 1800. Samuel Wilcox, a farmer, Waterton, was born in Plains township. August 3l6t, 1801. His first wife was Hannah Bailey, of Plains, who died in Wilkes-Barre in 1850. July 3d, 1853, he married Ellen liilmer, of Plains. He formerly operated the Wilcox mine at Plains. His father, CrandaU Wilcox, located in Plains in 1775. Mr. Wilcox is a prominent member and liberal supporter of the M. E. church. Jonathan Williams was bom in PeekskiU, N. T., June 3ith, 1806, and married Nancy A. Mann, of Dallas township. Mr. Williams, who is now engaged in farming, was formerly a carpenter. He has been super- visor, Justice of the peace and town clerk. John B. Winters, postmaster at Orange, Franklin township, was born in 1835, and married, in 1877, Hannah C. Ide. He has been town treasu- rer ; is a member of the Methodist church. Clark Wolfe was bora June 6th, 1816, in Union township. He mar- ried Althea Goss, of Huntington. He is engaged in farming. The following citizens of the townships and boroughs here repre- sented also contributed their support to this publication. C. T. Bamum, D. L. Chapin, D. O. Culver, Thomas Oysten and F. K. Seeley. 4 ^^ 7^ if VILLAGES IN HUNTINGTON TOWNSHIP— NEW COLUMBUS BOROUGH. 299 Boring for Salt and Petroleum. In 1825 the Huntington Salt and Iron Manufacturing Company was organized, with a capital of $[o,ooo, in shares of $25. The salt boring was commenced on Pine creek, two miles east of Carabra, near a large natural deer lick. At a depth of 480 feet the boring rod broke and the enterprise was abandoned. In 1865 the "Green Creek Petroleum Company" was organized, and work resumed in the old bore with a view to striking oil. Several efforts have been made here, and in this vicinity, with the hope of striking, salt, oil or iron, but with no paying results. Hamlets in the Township. Cambra was atone time a central point of trade for this section. There are here at present two stores, kept by James McHenry and William Belles, a hotel by M. H. Daily, a blacksmith shop by Alfred McHenry, a church, a school-house and a wagon and sleigh shop. At Pine creek settlement, locally known as Hess's Mills, there is 1 good water power, by which M. E. Hess operates a grist-mill and saw-mill owned by him. There are also at this place a church (Methodist Protest- ant), a school-house, the store and shoe shop of A. H. Wolfe, the carriage and sleigh factory of J. W. Brittain, the blacksmith shop of D. H. Bogart, and a tub factory owned and operated by J. Van Home, and J. Brittain is a dealer in agricultural implements. ' At Harveyville there are at present a church (Method- ist Episcopal), a grist-mill, a saw mill, a school-house and a store and post-office. Huntington Mills is the chief business ])lace of the township. It was settled in 1775 by Henry Marks. It has a church (Methodist Episcopal), an academy, a store kept by F. A. B. Koons, a hotel by Amos Howard, on the old Marks place, two blacksmith shops by William Wilson & Sons and William B. Fritz, a cabinet shop and grain cradle factory by C. H. Gramps, a boot and shoe shop by Frank Belles and the grist and carding mills of William Werkhiser. The Huntington paper-mills, a little farther up the stream, are owned and operated by F. A. B., M. L. and J. R. Koons. They commenced the manu- facture of paper in 1867. The building was formerly a grist-mill, and converted by them into apaper-mill, where they now manufacture 3,500 pounds every 24 hours. Town Hill was settled in 1794 by Epenetus Wads- worth. The place has a church (Methodist Episcopal), the store of George W. Huff, two physicians, Charles Huff and E. F. Kamerly, the steam tannery of J. C. Harman, the blacksmith shop of A. B. Bogart, the wagon and sleigh shop of W. F. Bogart, and the harness shop of E. L. Moore. NEW COLUMBUS BOROUGH. , HE borough of New Columbus was formed from part of Huntington township, April nth, 1859. Justices of the peace for the ^^ borough have been elected as follows: Em- '^r'y Ink, i860; Dyer L. Chapin, 1864, 1869, 1874; John Koons, 1866, 187 1; Edmund Carey, 1876; John Yaple, 1879. There are in the borough two churches, Methodist Episcopal, and Baptist; one hotel, the old academy, two general dry goods and grocery stores, kept by C. M. Swazey & Co. and D. L. Chapin; one boot and shoe shop, by W. Heddon; two blacksmith shops, by David Bogart and T. F. Long; and one harness shop, by George W. Osborn. C. M. Swazey is the present postmaster. The population is 267. Integrity Lodge I. O. of O. F., No, 234, was moved from Harveyville to New Columbus in 1867, where it meets in the hall weekly. Early Settlers and Improvements. A family named Boston was probably the first to clear up a farm and put up buildings, and John Boston lived here many year?, dying when almost a century old. — John Koons was married to Anna A. Fellows June 2ist, 1819, and soon after commenced to clear up the wilderness on the site of the village. Other neighbors soon after commenced clearing off the luxuriant growth of timber, and a few years sufficed for the dense forests to disappear. Elias Dodson bought a large tract near the creek, where he built saw-mills and a small mill for flour and feed. In 1834 he and Eliphalet Edson built a larger grist-mill, which cost them near $5,000. After the death of Elias Dodson the mill, with part of the farm, was bought by Frederick Hartman; but the old family home- stead is still retained by his son, Thomas L., and his daughter, Mabel Dodson. Other heirs also possess part of the old farm. Samuel Culver cleared up a good farm in the north- eastern part of the borough, now owned by G. W. Bow- man. Fletcher Bowman long possessed a large farm between Culver's and the village, with excellent buildings, orchards, etc. The Dodson mills are now owned by Daniel Edgar and C. P. Fulmer. There are two saw- mills in the borough, owned by G. W. Bowman and Ed- mond Carey. Churches and Schools. A union church was built soon after 1830; it is still used by different denominations. Elias Dodson was an active and useful Baptist preacher, of the order known as Disciples. His efforts, seconded by John Koons and others, succeeded in erecting the church which still stands as a testimonial of their philan- thropy and zeal for the public good. In 1857 the Method- ist Episcopal society built its present church in the southern part of the borough. In 1856 anew academy was opened, which has flourish- ed until the present time. The first trustees were John Koons, James Tubbs, D. L. Chapin, Sydney H. Warner, M. D., N. D. Stiles, B. M. Stevens, John Yaple and Freese Brown. The school has been taught by the fol- lowing named gentlemen as principals: James Anderson, H. D. Walker, A. J. Furman, Prof. Bingham, P. M. Bickley, J. L. Killgore, Thomas Farquar, M. C. Brittain, James Coughlin and the present principal. Prof. Denis O'Coughlin. The academy is a good school for the -=h 3°° HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. study of classical and scientific branches, and for busi- ness education. There is also a good public school, sup- ported by taxation. Volunteers of 1861-65. A spirit of patriotism was inherited and cultivated in most of the descendants of the Revolutionary patriots, and when the call for help to save our free institutions from anarchy and overthrow was sounded from our nation's ca[)ital in 1861, this village was not found lack- ing in bravery and devotion to our cherished institutions. A response of personal sacrifice was offered by Fletcher Bowman, Benjamin Harvey Bowman, Joseph Bogart, Bateman Carey, Silas, Wesley and Edward Cavenagh, Alfred and Alonzo Drake, Myron Fellows, Miner Hoover, Livingston and Redmond Koons, John Miller, Wesley riatt, Fletcher B. Wilson and Fletcher D. Yaple. JACKSON TOWNSHIP. ,HIS township, named in honor of General Jackson, was set off from Plymouth in 1844. It has a population of 660. The first settlement was made by Palmer Ransom in 1795. During this and the following ear Samuel Allen, David Allen, Jesse Brown, William Baker, Jared R. Baldwin, Jude Baldwin, Asahel Drake, Rufus Drake, Jehial Fuller, Thomas Lam- oreux, John Lamoreux, Edon Ruggles, Joseph Reynolds and Matthias Van Loon settled in Jackson township. They were followed by Griffin Lewis in 1800; Thomas Case, Joseph Reynolds and Levi Bronson in 1804, and Anson Carskadden about 1806, Jared R. Baldwin in 1819 and Joseph Howard in 182 1. The first settler in the western part of the township was Henry Cease, who settled on Harvey's creek in 1830. The first frame house was built by the Fullers at Huntsville, and is owned by Dr. J. J. Rogers. The next oldest is now owned by Ziegler & Wilcox, at Huntsville. Griffin Lewis built a frame bouse about 1800. Philetus Fuller, who was killed by a falling tree in 1796, was the first person buried in Jackson township, He was buried in the woods east of Huntsville, where the cemetery n,ov/ is. Jesse Brown was the first carpenter. The first black- smith was Benjamin Higgins. Ira Bronron was also a blacksmith. The first saw-mill was built by Asahel cS; Rufus Drake, on the farm now owned by J. M. Nesbitt ■ as early as 1795. There have been three mills on this place, but they are all gone. Jared and Jude Baldwin built a saw-mill at Huntsville about the same time, and the Fullers one near the Baldwin mill within a year after that was built. The mill of Ziegler & Wilcox stands on the site of the Baldwin mill, which was burned. George P. Ransom built a mill in 1815. This becoming useless, his son Chester erected the present mill in 1840. John Lamoreux and Daniel Davenport erected a saw- mill on Bidlack's creek about 1823. Henry Cease built a mill on the site of the one owned by Josiah Cease, on Harvey's creek, in 1830. Sanford Parsons built the mill now owned by Harvey Fuller, at Huntsville, about 1847. Jeremiah Fuller and Truman Atherton added a grist-mill to their saw-mill at Huntsville as early as 1805. Henry Cease built the Gregory mill, on Harvey's creek, in 1830. Harvey Fuller rebuilt his saw-mill at Huntsville, and added a grist-mill in 1863. The mill now owned by Ziegler & Wilcox was first built by Truman Atherton, Green Atherton and Egbert Bogardus. This is a saw and gri.^t-mill, with one water power. Schools. The first school-house was a log building, erected as early as 1800, where the M. E. church stands. Another was built in 1829, where the Van Buren school-house now stands. The log house at Huntsville was followed by the present frame structure, built by the inhabitants as a meeting and school-house. Prior to 1846 the schools were kept up by private subscription. In March, 1846, the township adopted the school law, and elected direct- ors, who levied a tax of $65, which was divided amcng the four schools of the town. There is still a fund in this township arising from the sale of the lands set apart by the proprietors for educational purposes. There are at present five schools in the township, with one hundred and thirty-eight pupils. The total expense for 1878 for school purposes was 1903.13. Huntsville Post-Office. Prior to 1879, when an office was established at Cease's Mills, with Austin Gregory as postmaster, Huntsville was the only office in the township. Truman Atherton was the first postmaster. Mails are brought from Kingston twice a week. The postmaster is H. M. Hatfield. The first store here was kept by Mr. Hunt, after whom the post-office was named. He was followed by Obed Bald- win, J. I. Bogardus and Sanford Parsons prior to 1830. There are two stores, two blacksmith shops, two grist- mills, two saw-mills and a wagon shop here now. Dr. J. J. Rogers, who has lived here thirty years, is the only physician who ever located in Jackson. Township Officers. The township records have been well kept, especially by J: R. Baldwin, Esq., who has been town clerk four- teen years. The officers of the township have been as follows: Siijjrri'i.siir.s.— M. Brown, 18).'); .T. Murphj', 1845; Obea Baldwin, 18«, 18l).3; Uonrad Miller, 18-Hi, 1848; Truman Atherton, 1847; Absalom Case, 1847, 1850, 1873; Joseph Wiloo.x, 1848; C. W. Cease, 1849; T. Brown, 184(1; Peter Cense, 1850, 1857; Miles Hall, 1850; Oliver Davenport, 1851; Tra Mandeville, 1851, 1801; Levi Learn, 1853; Wesley Lamoreu.\;, 18.53, 1861, 1873; Alexander Lamoveiix, 1853, 1800; G. W. Benedict, 1854, 1857; G. W. Sohoflold, 1854; Sidney Bryant, 1855; John Covert, 1855; Chester Eauson, 1850; Green Atherton, 1850; M. Allen, 1858, 18«i, 1805; George Cease, 1858, 1804, 1865; P. N. Foster, 1859; J. M. Nesbitt, 1800; Elias Shaver, 1803; Martin Myers, 1803; John Case, 1808; Joseph Sweitzer, 1803; Abram Frisbee, 1808, <^ =^h CHURCHES IN JACKSON TOWNSHIP— PIONEERS OF JENKINS. 301 1889; WiUiam Booth, 1860, 1870, 1871; C. B. Mandeville, 1867; Jacob Cease, 1867; W. H. Myers, 1868; J. O. Snyder, 1808, 1869: L. S. Simons, 1870, 1876; I. H. Hale, 1871, 1874; E. W. Shaver, 1873, 1874; Fletcher Cease, 1873; George Harllss, 1875, 1878; M. Brown, 1875, 1879; Jacob Gable, 1877; M. M. Lainoreux, 1879. Tomti CIcrits.— C. C. Cnrtis, 1846, 1848; M. Brown. 1847; J. C. Elston, 1849, 1850; J. R. Baldwin, 1831 to 1854, and ISOS to 1870; W. Lomoreu.v, 1855, 1858; D. McNiel, 1867; Charles Brown, 1859, 1804; Philip Cease, 1804, 1867; J. J. Rogers, 1877; Josiah Cease, 1879. JuxtiixK (with yeai-s of election). -Calvin W. Cea.se, 1845, 18.50, 18.56, 1861, 1867; Hiram Drake, 1846; Truman Atherton, 1850; William M. Houser, 1853; John Elston, 1855; P. N. Foster, 18.50; J. E. Baldwin, 1806, 1873, 1877. ReLKJIOCS M.-VITERS. The early religious teachings were by resident Baptist preachers, prominent among whom were Joel Rogers, Griffin Lewis, and one of the Drakes. At the same time Universah'st preachers, among whom were Rev. Mr. Coffin and Rev. Mr. Crooker, used to preach and had a large following. The " Christian " society sent preachers to Huntsville as early as 1830. Joseph Badger, Seth Mar- vin and G. W. Richmond were the first preachers of that denomination. All these societies held services in the school-houses. Van Loon M. E. Church. — A society of Methodists was formed in Jackson township as early as 1820. The min- isters, as far as can be ascertained, were Morgan Sher- man, Joseph Castle, John Copeland, Philo Barbery, George Peck, S. Stocking, Miles H. Gaylord and Silas Comfort to 1828. There is no record from this date to 1850. Since then the pastors have been as follows: Charles Perkins, Joshua S. Lewis, Chubbuck, Morse, C. W. Griffin, P. Holbrook; D. Personius, 1863-65; George Greenfield, 1867-69; Isaac Austin, 1S69-72; F. A. King, 1872-75; J. B. Santee, 1875; R. C. Gill, 1876-78; and David Larrish, the present pastor. In 1877 the society built a fine wooden church build- ing. It was dedicated November 22nd, 1877, by Rev, W. H. Olin, D. D. It takes its name from James Van Loon, of Kingston, who contributed very largely toward the building of the edifice. Baptist Church. — The following persons took letters from the Plymouth and Lehman Baptist churches, and organized a church December i8th, 1864. Deacon Hosea Hall, Milton Brown, Heni'y Cease, Jacob Cease, John Elston, Georse Cease 1st, George Cease 2nfl, Oliver Davenport, S. A. Davenport, Peter Steele, Darius Lamoreux, Ben.iamin Higgins, Peter Marsh, William Hunter, Moi-gan Allen, William Lamoreux, Josejih Cease, Thomas Lamoreux, William Turpin, Daniel Turpin, Christopher Elston, Abram Cease, Martha Lamoreux, Matilda Campfleld, Maria Lamoreux, Sarah Turpin, Amelia Lamoreux, Marilla Marsh, Amelia Case, Oliver Aokley, Keziah Allen, LucindaDai-enport, Elizabeth Da\-cn- port, Lucy Davenport, Sarah Lamoreux, Caroline Hall, Eliza Foygerson, Betsey Welday, Lydia A. Drown, Barbara Cease, Anna Fruett, Anna Elston, Almira Lamoreux, Christiana Cease. The first minister, George W. Schofield, had charge from January ist, 1845, to March, 1846. He was fol- lowed by James Clarkson, 1846-51; G. W. Schofield, 1856, 1857; W. M. Gay, 1859-61; E. N. Whitney, 1862; Benjamin Shearer, 1869-71; P. S. Brewster, 1872, R. C. H. Catterall, 1875, 1876. The society has never had a church, but has held service in the union school-house. Jacob Cease is the present Sunday school superintendent and deacon of the church. JENKINS TOWNSHIP. HIS township was taken from Pittston June 24th, 1852, and named in honor of Colonel John Jenkins, one of the prominent settlers of the Wyoming valley. About one-half of the township is cleared, and very nearly the whole of it is owned by the Pennsylvania and Le- high coal companies, being underlaid with anthra- Only that portion lying between the Susquehanna river and Gardner's creek has been settled, leaving twto- thirds of the territory without a human inhabitant. The population is 2,203 against 2,505 in 1870. Justices of the peace for Jenkins have been elected as follows Samuel Hodgson, jr., 1855; Peter Winter, 1855 and i860; Michael Philbin, i860; Thomas L. McMillan, 1865; Edward Riley, 1866; Theodore T. Hall, 1870 and 1876; Henry Jopling, 187 1; James Donaghoe, 1875. Earliest Inhabitants and Institutions. Joseph Gardner and Isaac Gould were the pioneer .settlers on Gardner's creek. They located near where the creek crosses the township line into Plains, a little below where the Laflin powder mills stand. Here they built the pioneer grist-mill in 1794. The first saw-mill was a portable one, built by Daniel Seeley on Gardner's creek, near the opening of the Ever- hart coal mines. Jesse Thomas had a small saw-mill above the site of the powder mills. These saw-mills have gone to decay. James, John, Isaac and Joseph Thompson lived in the hollow below Sevastopol, on the Wilkes-Barre road to- ward Inkerman, The pioneer blacksmith, John Stout, had a shop on the hill between the school-house and Yatesville. He located here in 1824. The first brick house was built by George Price, in 1846, on the Wilkes- Barre and Pittston road. Mr. Price was a son-in-law of George Cooper, one of the early settlers. The house is still standing, and is occupied by a Mr. Butler. It is in- teresting to think of the time when Mr. Price interviewed Mrs. Cooper on the subject of becoming a mother-in-law; as it was soon after the war of 1812, and Price was a " freshman" from His Majesty's dominions, while in Mrs. Cooper's veins flowed the blood of a true Connecticut Yankee matron, who wondered at the audacity of that "Britisher" in asking the hand of her daughter. The reader can imagine the scene. However, the union of the two nationalities was arranged, and Jenkins town- ship was none the worse for it. Among the other early settlers along the Wilkes-Barre and Pittston road were Joseph, James and Jacob Swal- low, near the southwest border of the township. Jesse Gardner located back on Gardner's creek; Isaac Tomp- kins, James and Joseph Armstrong farther down toward the river. WiUiam, Jacob and Daniel La Bar, Peter Mil- ler, Anthony Lacoe, Abram, Thomas and John Hess and a Mr. Goode were among the number. <¥ SR ^^ 302 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. The first school-house was built about 1810 or 1812, near where the brick school-house now stands, on the Wilkes-Barre and Pittston road, in Sevastopol. The old school-house is now in use as -n work-shop, having been sold to Francis Yates. It stands opposite his residence at Yatesville. The first teacher was Joel Hale. There was a log school-house at Inkerman, on the hill above Port Blanchard. John Blanchard and his sisters and George Cooper were among the early pupils. Roswell Hale was the first teacher at Inkerman. The oldest cemetery is the Cooper burying ground, in the northwest corner of the township. We find upon the tombstones the following names and dates: Conrad Schiffern, born May i8th, 1744, died May 18th, 1820; Rachel Schiffern, born June 27th, 1742, died January 23d, 1810; Adam Wagner, born 1754, died 1806; Mar- garet Tedrick, died June 6th, i8ri; Peter Sailor, died March i8th, iSog, aged 39; Mary Ann Sailor, died May 26th, 1814; Elizabeth Good, died February 27th, 1825, aged 30; Eve La Bar, died January loth, i8og, aged 36; Rensselaer Billina, died April ist, 1806; Margaret Win- ter, died February 14th, 1833, aged 81; Peter Winter, died March nth, 1814, aged 65; James Swallow, died February 2nd, 1804, aged 50; Elizabeth Swallow, died April 15th, 1814, aged 60; Mary David, died January 26th, 1816, aged 36; Nancy Blanchard, died September 24th, 1809, aged 18; Cordelia Blanchard, died December 27th, 1794; Henry Cortnght, jr., died February 2nd, 1828; William Day, born in England in 1740, died February 7th, 1829, aged 89. Coal Interests of Jenkins. This township is in the eastern district of the Wyoming coal fields, and a large majority of the coal lands belong to the Pennsylvania Coal Company' and the Everhart Coal Company. At the Everhart colliery there are employed on the inside 78 men and boys, and 58 on the outside. In 1878 this colliery produced 32,276 tons of coal in the 124 days worked. Slope No. 2 of the Pennsylvania Coal Company pro- duced 35,177 tons of coal in 1878 in 176 days. There were employed 80 men and boys on the inside, and 14 on the surface. Slope No. 4 of the same company, near Inkerman, employed in 1878 121 men and boys inside, and 24 on the outside, and produced 53,311 tons of coal. Shaft No. 5 produced in the same year 55,431 tons of coal. There were employed under ground 114 men and boys, and 59 on the surface. Shafts Nos. 6 and 11 and the coal breaker of the Pennsylvania Company are at Inkerman. No. 6 employed during 1878 114 men and boys inpide, and 57 on the surface, and produced 44,899 tons of coal in 192 days. At shaft No. 11 there were mined in 146 days 25,071 tons. The Laflin Powder Mills. These mills, seven in number, are on Gardner's creek, near the southwest border of the township, half a mile above where the Lehigh & Susquehanna Railroad crosses the creek. The buildings are nearly in line, extending 1,430 feet along the creek in a beautiful grove of white oak, which in case of an explosion of any one of the mills would serve as a protection for the rest. The en- gine-house, which is nearly in the center of the line of buildings, is built of stone, and from it run eleven hun- dred feet of fx)ur-inch iron shafting, extending to the dif- ferent buildings where motive power is required. The storehouse is the building farthest up the creek, where the stock for the manufacture of powder is kept. A track from the railroad runs alongside the storehouse, in- to which freight is taken directly from the cars. From the storehouse the material is transported on hand cars to the different mills through which it has to pass until it reaches the graining mill. Here the powder is placed in revolving cylinders, and dried by air which is heated in a furnace a short distance from the graining mill and forc- ed through pipes into the cylinders while they are in motion. On the right bank of the creek, and ilearly op- site the graining mill, are four brick coal pits, where are annually consumed 600 cords of wood in making the charcoal which is required in the manufacture of powder. These mills were commenced in 1872, by H. D. Laflin and C. M. Rouse, the present proprietors, and completed in 1873, at a cost of $100,000. They employ 16 men, and manufacture 75,000 pounds of blasting powder annually. C. M. Rouse, Esq., one of the proprietors, is superintend- ent of the mills, and has had nearlj' thirty years' experi- ence in the business. VILLAGES. Port Griffith was thus named in honor of one of the original stockholders of the Pennsylvania Coal Company, one of whose mines is at this place. It was then the term- inus of the company's railroad. It was for several years quite a flourishing place, and is at present an ordinary min- ing town. There is a store kept by Patrick Moylan,who is also the postmaster; a station of the Lehigh and Susque- hanna railroad, a school-house, several small groceries and abount 300 inhabitants. Port Blanchard is a railroad station about three- quarters of a mile farther down the Susquehanna, where there are now a hotel, a school-house and a few dwellings, with about 100 inhabitants. This place was named in honor of John Blanchard, an early resident and one of the first coal operators iu this township. The first settler here was Captain Jeremiah Blanchard. He built a log house in the corner of the lot east of Mrs. Blanchard's, and subsequently built the house where Ebenezer Blanchard now lives. The house is known as the old "mansion house.'' In 1823 John Blanchard lo- cated here, and in 1817 built the house now occupied by Mrs. Blanchard. The east part of the hotel was built soon after the Blanchard house, and it was opened as a hotel in 1845. It was kept by\Samuel Hodgson, father of the present propri- etor. Mr. Hodgson was appointed postmaster about the time he opened his tavern, and held the office while he <^ *^H= <' THE AVILLIAMS FAMILY. Thaddeus Williams, of Fairfield county, Conn., was no doubt a descendant of Robert Williams of Roxbury, Mass., who emigrated to this country from England in 1637. Thaddeus married Frances Case, of Hartford, Conn., and moved with his family to the Wyoming valley at an early day. He was driven from the valley at the time of the massacre, but returned and settled in Wilkes- Barre. Miner's History of Wyoming (page 262) gives the following account of an attack on his house in March. X779: "A party of Indians made an assault on the house. ^ The father, sick and confined to his bed, was unable to lend any assistance. Sergeant Williams and a brother quite young were the only persons capable of offering the least resistance. Twice the Indians rushed up to the door and attempted in vain to force an entrance. Several balls were fired into the house through openings in the logs, one of which severely wounded the sick father. He had two guns, one of which the lad loaded while he fired the other. Watching his time and taking careful aim, one of the Indians fell and was dragged away. Redoubling their shouts the Indians returned with brands of fire, but another discharge wounded their leader and finally repelled them, leaving Sergeant Wil- liams victor and his aged father and mother rescued from death." Thomas Williams, son of Thaddeus Wil- liams, was six years in the Revolutionary struggle. Thad- deus died April nth, 1796. His wife died in August, 1815, and was buried in the Gore burying ground, in what is now Plains township. The gallant Sergeant Thomas Williams married Elizabeth Robertson, of Bethel, Conn., about the year 1782, and reared a family of six sons and four daughters. He lived near Bridge- port until the spring of 1790, when he removed to Wyom- ing valley, where he accumulated a handsome property in the part of Wilkes-Barre which is now Plains. His wife died December 6th, 1835, aged 71 years. He died November 12th, 1839, aged 83 years. Their remains are buried in the Hollenbeck cemetery, Wilkes-Barre. His descendants are numerous. But one son, the young- est, Jonathan Robertson, survives. He was born in old Wilkes-Barre township, December 5th, 1809. He has been twice married: in 1831 to Maria Robertson, who died in January, 1876, and to Miss Lillie Bell, of Plains, July 30th, 1879. Though declining political honors he has held the honorable position of director of two or more banks in Wilkes-Barre for a number of years. He is a farmer, and lives in a beautiful residence on his farm in Plains, near where he was born. 4 ^yi^a^ea (^^pf^ FRANCIS YATES. Francis Yates was born in the parish of Herlaton, Yorkshire, England, November nth, 1791. On the gth of June, 1817, he left England for America, landing in Philadelphia on the 22nd of the following month. He returned to England after a short visit to America, and remained until after his marriage. His wife was Miss Mary Pratt, also a native of Yorkshire, England, who was born on the i8th of January, 1789. They were married March 24th, 1819, and during the following May left England for America, arriving at Philadelphia June sth. Mr. Yates very soon moved into Camden, where they re- mained two or three years. In 1822 he moved his family into Hanover, Pa., and in 1825 to Yatesville. They had seven children, four of whom survive. The eldest, John P. Yates, now a farmer of Fond du Lac, Wis., was born April i8th, 1820. The second son, Francis Yates, jr., was born July 28th, 1824. The eldest daughter, Mrs. Mary A. Banker, of Pittston, was born September ist, 1826, and the youngest, Mrs. Jane Jones, of Mill Creek, April 27th, 1831. Mr. Yates came into this county when the land which has since yielded its vast stores of wealth was but a wilderness. The now thriving city of Wilkes- Barre consisted of a few rude houses, and but three stores were kept. Mrs. Yates, who still survives, living at the homestead farm with her son Francis, tells of the toils, the hardships, and the pleasures as well of their pio- neer experiences. Mr. Yates was fully identified with all the enterprises of his day, and anything which tended to promote the interests of the county in which he lived re- ceived his hearty co-operation. Especially was he inter- ested in the prosperity of the Methodist church, of which he was a member from March i8th, 1820, until his death, which occurred March 27th, 1862. What is now the village of Yatesville was once a part of his farm. Here his son kept the first store. The church here was built through his instrumentality, and here his son has built, during the last year, a Methodist parsonage. The inter- est in the public welfare which was manifested during his life by Francis Yates, sen., is maintained by his son Francis at present. He has held the most important elective offices in the township and borough, and was for many years the largest taxpayer in the township. He is now a farmer, builder, and general agent at Yatesville for the Lehigh Valley Coal Company. fe^N= T 4 f VILLAGES IN JENKINS TOWNSHIP— YATESVILLE. 303 lived when it was removed to Port Griffith, and Patrick Moylan was appointed. George Cooper located a little west of the Blanchard farn), and families named Uoty and Berger near Blanch- ard's about 1800. Inkerman. — This mining town, on the old Wllkes- Barre and Pittston road, was settled by Peter Winter about 1810 or 1812. He had a blacksmith shop at this place. At present there are two school-houses (one two- story structure built in 1879), two stores, several groceries and a population of 600. Shafts No. 6 and No. 1 1 and the only breaker in this township are located here. Sevastopol is a small hamlet, formerly known as the Thompson settlement, at the intersection of the Yates- ville road with the Wilkes-Barre and Pittston road. It contains a school-house and about twenty-five dwellings, with 150 inhabitants. YATESVILLE BOROUGH. N the 20th of May, 1878, this borough was formed from Jenkins township and incorpo- rated, and the first borough election was held June ist, 1878, when the following offi- cers were elected: Burgess, T. T. Hale; town council — Thomas Nattrass, John Shields, George Faircloth, William Learch, Alexander Fra- zer, Alfred Day. At a meeting of the town council held June 4th, 1878, George Faircloth was elected presi- dent and Thomas Nattrass secretary. John H. Monk was elected street commissioner, Matthew Harrison chief of police, and W. D. Hale collector. T. T. Hale is the present burgess, having held the office continuously since his first election. The present town council con- sists of Alexander Frazer, sen., Thomas Nattrass, Alfred Day, W. A. Read, William Gowan, sen., and Charles Serton. The rest of the borough officers for 1880 are: School directors, John Harding, James Carpenter and Charles Hale; high constable, John Harding; auditor, George Faircloth; assessor, Francis Yates; inspectors, William Gowan, jr., and George R. Smith; register assessor, Thomas Nattrass. The last named was elected justice of the peace March 27th, 1879. Settlement and Growth. Joel Hale, in 1809, built the first frame house here. It is now occupied by John Monk, sen. Mr. Hale owned most of the sites of the business portion of the borough. It was soon divided into smaller lots to suit purchasers. The next settlers here were H., Frederick and George Day, David Reese, James Cooper, Isaac and George Naphus, Joseph and John Stout, and James Thompson, all of whom came in 1809 or 18 10. The first tavern was built and kept by William D. Hale in 1859, on the corner of Main street and Stout road. It is now kept by John H. Monk. The pioneer store was opened in 1855. The school-house on the west side of the Stout road was built in 1851. The Wcs- leyan church on the east side of the school-house was built in 1864. It is now the property of the Young Men's Debating Association, and locally known as the Theatre. Those who located here between 1812 and 1825 were John and Isaiah Hale, John Yates,Asa and Morris Naphus, and in 7825 Francis Yates, sen. The latter, after whom the borough was named, was born in England and came to America in 1817. He bought 90 acres of land of Theophilus Brooks, on which was a log house standing just above the old house between Francis Yates's and the rail- road station; and in 1832 built the frame house standing up the road from Francis Yates's house. His wife is still living, aged gt years, and is actively engaged in the lighter household duties. The farms of the early and later settlers are all owned by the Pennsylvania Coal Company, and are nearly all abandoned for farm pur- poses. The first anthracite coal used at this place was used by Francis Yates and the Hale family. The coal cropped out near the surface, and they used a plow and scraper to uncover it. After clearing the dirt from a large surface they commenced digging and drawing out the coal with an ox team and sled. In this way they took out enough for their own use, besides selling large quantities, for those days, to their neighbors. This was the first coal mining in Yatesville. There are now two tun- nels and one slope in the borough, where many thousands of tons are annually mined. The Pennsylvania Coal Company commenced operations here in 1847, and with the mining business came an increase of population. The borough now has one church (Methodist Episco- pal), two stores, kept by T. T. Flale and John Shields; a hotel, a school-house, a blacksmith shop, a tin shop, a shoe shop, and 413 inhabitants. The valuation of the borough for 1879 was 134,644. A post-office was estab- lished January 15th, 1879, with Mrs. Sarah R. Hale as postmistress. Previous to this the post-office was Pittston. Methodist Episcopal Church of Yatesville. This society covers the territory lying between Pitts- ton and Plainsville on the east side of the Susquehanna river. It grew out of the "Thompson neighborhood" class, of which Francis Yates was leader in 1825. The original members were Francis Yates, Daniel Bowman, Jesse Garner, George Price, William Day and John Thompson and their wives. The meetings were held in private houses until the Thompson school-house was built, then in that until 1852; the place of meeting was then changed to the Yatesville school-house and another class formed, consisting of Francis Yates and wife, Joseph Nattrass and wife, George Robinson and wife, Sarah Learch and Rosetta Monk. These persons held their membership with the Pittston M. E. church, and under the leadership of Father Yates the membership of the class increased, and a Sabbalh- school was organized. In 1862 a portion of the society withdrew and formed J'T,Eo DrihFA>JCE ^x^™^ 1\q--!-oii iiS'JZ.'i .t Soivi r^ n„rdiui Sc N'T ^h GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, KINGSTON TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH. f KEV. DR. COPELAND. Kev. David Copeland, Ph. D., D. D., was born In Braintree, Vt., De- cember 21st, 1833. His anoestoi-s were from England, and landed in Boston in 1630. They bore an honorable part in the hardships and struy:- g-les incident upon the early history of this country. His father was for many years an honored Jfethodist minister in the Vermont Confer- ence, and three of his uncles wore also ministers in the Methodist Epis- copal church. Dr. Cf)pelnnd prepared for colleg-e in the Newbury Sem- inary, in Vermont, and g'raduatod from the Weslcyan University, in Middlctown, Conn., in IS-'ra. Being elected principal of (he Henrietta Academy, in western New York, ho at once entered upon the work of teaching:. Although very young- and with but little experience, his ad- ministration of the affairs of the school was very successful, the num- ber of students increasing- threefold in a few months. In 1H.57 he be- came professor of mathematics and natural science in the Falley Semi- nary, in Fulton, N. Y., and soon after married Miss Sarah Wheelock, daughter of Hon. David Wheelock, of Royalton, Vt. Feeling- that it was his duty to enter upon the pastorate, he resigned his professorship in the fall of 18.18, and joined the Genesee Conference. But the church demanded his services still in the teacher's chair, and lie was imme- diatel}' appointed principal of the Sprinj-rville Academy, in Erie county, N. Y. Under lii= management the school rapidly gained a high repu- tation, and the increased patronage soon made it necessary to recon- struct and enlarge the building. At the expiration of seven j-ears Dr. Copeland was elected president of tlie Hillsborough Female College, in southern Ohio, and, greatly to the regret of the friends of the academy, accepted the position. In bis new held of labor he soon aci]nired the reputation of being a superior educator and careful disciplinarian, and the school advanced rapidly in the estimation of the people. Here, too, Dr. Copeland remained seven years, at the end of which time he was called to the principalship of the Wyoming Seminary, in Kingston, Pa. Here he had a very difBcult position to fill. His predecessor, Eev. Reu- ben Nelson, D. D., had been in charge of the school for about twenty- eight years, and by his great success in building up the seminary bad gained great reputation as an educator. To follow such a man -was no easy matter, and many very naturally feared that the new principal would prove a failure. Soon, however, these fears gave way. Under the new administration the school fully retained its proA-ious standing, both as to members and scholarship. Dr. Copeland has now been at the head of the school for over eight years, and he continues to have the confidence and esteem of all who know him. Honors have come to him from high sources. Lafayette College gave him the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in 1876, and Syracuse University and Wesleyan University the degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1877; and recently his conference elected him a delegate to the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. THE DOERANCE FAMILY. The first account we have of the Dorranoe family in America tells us that in 1733 Kev. Samuel Dorrance, a Scotch Presbyterian, was invited to preach to the people of Voluntown, Conn., from December till the following May. He had lately arrived from Ireland ; had graduated at Glasgow University in 1709, was licensed to preach in 1711 by the Presbytery of Dumbarton, and had brought with him satisfactory testi- monials of ministerial character and standinff from several associations in Scotland and Ireland. He was so well liked that on the 17th of April, 1733, the people of Voluntown gave him a formal call without a dissent- ing voice, and were to give him "£60 per year for the present and £50 in species suitable to promoting his building and settling." On the 23d of October following he was duly ordained, nothwithstanding some slight opposition "because he is a stranger among ns." Beside him his brothers George and John, and John, jr., were then found on the church rolls. Time soon wrought a change, so that the Eev. Mr. Dorrance was no longer "ii ttranger " among- his people, and he iii-id ;i i);n-t uf his de- scendants have lived in that town from that time to the pre.-iutit, while others have migrated to other parts. He is found in the ministry at Voluntown at 1700, and at that time his salary had risen to £.300. In that year James Dorrance was chosen elder in his church. He died Novem- ber 13th, 1776, aged ninety years. He married Elizabeth Smith August 1st, 1736. She died September 10th, 17.50. Those of the Dorrance family who came to \Yyoming were John and George, sons of Eev. Samuel. John, born July 12th, 17-33, died January 9th, 1801. He was never married. He was the defendant in the cele- brated test case for the title to lands at 'Wyoming between the Penna- mites and Yankees, known as Van Hnnte'n liOinvc vs. Dmrancc, reported in 2 DaUoK, 30-(-, on which Governor Hoyt has published a very elaborate and learned brief, reviewing- not only all the questions at is.sue between the parties but their conduct during its progress. George, born March 4th, ]78fi, slain July -Ith, 1778, was twice married. By his first wife he had Sarah Susannah, who married Samuel Tubbs, and Elizabeth, who married Dr. Seth C. Whitney February 31st, 1809. By his second wife he had ; Robert, who served in the war ng-ainst the Indians under Governor St, Clair, and was killed at St. Clair's defeat, November Ith, 1791. Benjamin, born 1767, died August 3-lth, 1837. He lived at Kingston. He was the most popular man of his day ; wjis elected county commis- sioner, high sherift: of the county and seven times to the Legislature of the State; was the first president of the Wyoming Bank at Wilkes-BaiTe, the safest and most popular institution of the kind in the country. He might have enjoyed other marks of popular favor, but he refused them. Gershom, who went back to the old home at Voluntown, -svhere he married and had three sons and two daughters. George Dorrance was a lieutenant colonel of the militia at Wyoming, audits such went out with that little band of heroes who thought to drive their insolent invaders from the valley. He was severely wounded on the field of battle while gall.antly riding along the broken lines and laboring to restore the men to order and position. He was the only one of the wounded who was saved from death on the field or at the hellish orgies of the succeeding night. His feeble condition on the next day making bim a burden to his captors, they slew liim and di- vided his garments and arms among- them. Benjamin Dorrance married Nancy Buckingham, of Windham, Conn., her native place. They had three children— John, Charles and George, the latter of whom died young. John Dorrance was a minister of the Presbyterian church, who after laboring for some time in other localities succeeded Rev. Dr. Nicholas Murray in the charge of the Presbyterian church at Wilkes-Barre in August, 1833, and continued in that charge until his death in 1861. He was a man of much more than ordinary talent and character, and -was honored with the degree of Doctor of Divinity by the College of Now Jersey, at Princeton. He was born in 1800. He married Penelope Mercer, of New Orleans, by whom he had eight children, only two of whom (daughters) survive. Charles Dorrance, born January 4th, 1803, married Susan E. Ford, youngest daughter of Hon. James Ford, of Lawrenceville, Penn., by whom he has five children living, four sons and one daughter. Colonel Charles Dorrance was born and has lived on the old homestead farm of the family, which has lost none of its attractiveness or value, but wlilch has been largely added to in extent, taste and value since it passed into his hands. His home has ever been the abode of a large and generous hospitality, dispensed with all the grace and dignity befitting his surroundings. He has ever been a farmer, and, commencing his active business life with a liberal education, has kept up that intercourse with his fellow men and given that attention to the affairs of the day which bring out his genial and warm-hearted nature, and add a charm to his society. The Dorrance farm has long been the model farm of the valley, and the colonel, farming for pleasure as well as profit, has succeeded in acquir- <^ *i¥ 306^ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. jng both results from his labors. He early introduced the short horn cattle on his farm, and has taken great pains to keep the stock in its original purity. From his herd the strain has gone out into all the country round about, and a great Improvement in stock is the happy result. He has never sought ofScial position, except possibly that of captain of the Wyoming volunteers, from which he rose through the various grades to the rank of colonel, whioh title he has enjoyed for about forty years. It was a youthful fancy that led him into military life, awakened by flreside tales of the early days of Wyoming, in whioh were recounted the gallant deeds of his ancestor. Tet the colonel's life has not been barren of official honors. When the Luzerne county agricul- tural society was organized. In 1858, by unanimous choice he was elected president of the society, which position he filled with honor and dignity for ten years, and its success during that period was largely due to his uniform courtesj' and his superior skill in disposing of knotty subjects, as well as in the management of the business affairs of the society. He was, in conjunction with A. C. Laning, appointed by the late Judge Conyngham, as his last official act, a commissioner of the Luzerne county prison, which position he held by successive yearlj^ appointments until it was disposed of as a reward for political services. He was chosen and acted as president of the board during his entire ofBcial term. When the patriotic citizens of Wyoming met to effect an organization for the proper commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the battle and massacre of Wyoming CJolonel Dorrance was, without a dissenting voice or thought, made the president of that organization. How well and with what grace and liberality he performed the duties of that po- sition, and how largely his means and his hospitalities were taxed to meet the requirements of the great occasion, is attested by all. It is a singular coincidence that the father should have been the first president of the Wyoming Bank, and that after the lapse of half a century his son should now hold the same trust. Fifty years are said to bring great changes, but in this case it has but cast the mantle of the father upon the shoulders of the son.who wears it with equal grace and dignity with the ancestor. Time and space will not permit to name all the positions of trust and honor he has been called upon to fill in an active life of three score years. Whatever they may have been he has filled them all with honesty and fidelity, and now at the age of three score and fifteen he enjoys the reputation of an honest and honorable man, in whom dwell all the sweet and tender elements of humanity, which, as occasion has offered, have welled out to the comforting and blessing of all who have come in contact with him. Blest in his family, blest in his store and blest in all his surroundings, long may he live to enjoy the blessings of a well spent life, which has diffused its sweet savor on all who have enjoyed the pleasure of kindly intercourse with him. We append the following obituary notice, which appeared in the United States Gazette, of Philadelphia, of September Gth, 1837, copied from the Wunming Jteintblioan : Colonel Benjamin Dorrance is no more. The place on earth that once knew him shall know him no more forever. On Thursday, August 24th, while conversing cheerfully at his own house with a member of his family, he was seized with an apoplectic fit ; he fell, and in ii mo- ment the vital spark was extinct, ^rhere are few indeed whose de- parture could have occasioned so deep a void, so wide a chasm in so- ciety. Universally known, everywhere respected and beloved, not by his relations alone, but by a numerous circle of friends, the bereave- ment is deeply felt. Yet why should sorrow prevail ? Who in life has been more successful? Who more useful in his day and generation? How few, with his fine health, live to so great an age? Colonel Dor- ranee was about seventy years old. He was born in Plainfield, State of Connecticut, in 1707, and came to Wyoming when quite a lad with his father's family. In the Indian battle his father, Lieutemuit Colonel George Dorrance, who was third in command, standing next to Butler and Denison, was slain. The day after, when Forty Fort was surren- dered, the object of this notice was in the fortification, and used to de- scribe with graphic clearness the entry of the British at one gate and of the Indians at the other. But this belongs rather to his biogra- phy than to an obituary paragraph. Colonel Dorrance was a man of sterling good sense, remarkably pleasing in his manners, eminently hospitable, liberal and benevolent. The olHcesof sheriff, commissioner and member of Assembly, as often as he would accept a seat, show the estimation in which he was held by his follow citizens. No man enjoyed society and the good things of this life with a higher relish than Colonel Dorrance; yet using them as subservient, and never allowing pleasui'e to mislead from the moral path, or to interfere with health or business. If asked who, for the last half century, has been the happiest man in the county, the county, I think, would say Colonel Dorrance. Yet washe careful, active, intelligent and shrewd in business— a strict economist— and was abundantly blessed with this world's good. In fine. Colonel Dorrance was an extraordinary mtm— mingling in his character the pleasant and the useful, liberal expenditures with fair and steady ac- quisition, sweetening labor with enjoyment, and heightening pleasure by a prompt and energetic devotion to business; and throughout lite popular without envy, without an enemy, and never yielding his inde- pendence or integrity. Honor and affection to his memory. His funeral took place on Saturday the 3eth. A sermon suited to the sol- emn occasion was preached by the Kev. Mr. Snowden. The remains were attended to their last resting place by a very large concourse of friends. It is said to have been the largest funeral procession ever seen in the vaUey. THE JBl^KINS FAMILY. The Jenkins name has been intimately connected with the history of Wyoming from its first attempted settlement by the whites. John Jen- kins the elder was here in the fall of 1753, on a trip of exploration; was at Albany in 1754, when the purchase of the country was made from the Indians, in the negotiations for which he took an active part ; was in the valley in 1755, making surveys, taking latitude and longitude; was at the head of the settlement made in 1703, and was driven out at the massacre October 15th, 1763. He returned again in January, 1709. as one of the committee who brought in the forty settlers of the town of Kingston, and was conspicuous in the Pennamite war and struggles previous to the Kevolutionary war. He called the first meeting, August 1st, 1776, to declare the position of the settlers on the controversy with ■ Great Britain, in whioh they resolved " that they will unanimously join their brethren in America in the common cause of defending tlieir liberty." He was the chairman of that meeting and drew its resolu- tions. The war over, and liberty and independence assured, the Penna- mite war again assumed an unpleasant shape, and i^ut on all the heat and strife of actual conflict. He took an active part in belialf of the settlers in this war ; was their principal scribe and counselor ; was five times their representative in the Legislature of Connecticut, and in every respect a leading man among them. Driven out by the Penna- mites in May, 1784, in a cold spring storm, he took a severe cold, which taking the form of rheumatism and settling in a wound in his knee which he received from a ball at the taking of Louisburg in 1745, he suf- fered on until the month of November following, when he died, a victim to Pennamite injustice and cruelty. He was born in East Greenwich, R. I., February 15th, 1728, and was the son of John Jenkins, of that place, who was a justice of the peace under George II. and member of the colonial Legislature of that colony for three years, and also a commis- sioner of boundaries of the colony. His three brothers, Jonathan, Palm- er and Stephen, also came to Wyoming in 1769-70, but did not make a permanent settlement. He married Lydia, daughter of Stephen Gard- ner, of New London, previously of East Greenwich, in February, 1751, and had seven children, the oldest of whom was John, known to the history of Wyoming as Colonel John Jenkins He first settled in Kings- ton, February 1st, 1709, and then in Exeter (now West Pittston), about the first of May, 1773, which town was granted to him with others about that time. He was a school teacher, surveyor and conveyancer, justice of the peace and president judge of the first county court of Wyoming in 1777. Colonel John Jenkins, his son, was born November 37th, 1751, at Gard- ner's' Lake, in New London, Conn. He also was a surveyor and convey- ancer, and school teacher, constable, agent of the Susquehanna Company at Wyoming, farmer, merchant and ironmonger. He came to the .valley with his father in 1769, and at once took an active part in the Pennamite and Eevolutionai-y wars. He was tsiken prisoner by the Indians and tories in the latter part of November, 1777; carried to Niagara, and in the spring to Montreal and Albany, whence they pro- posed taking him to Kanadaseago to a grand council for disposition. On the way he escaped, and after great fatigue and suffering from hunger reached home on the 2nd of June, 1778, before the advent of the force under Butler and Grant, and of whose coming he brought intelligence. He was in command of Forty Fort when the settlers marched out to meet and turn back the invaders. He subsequently joined Captain Spalding's company as a lieutenant; went with Colonel Hartley to Tioga Point in the latter part of September, 177S, through an almost impene- trable wilderness, with streams, swollen by the equinoctial rains then prevailing, and was an active participant in. the battle at Indian Hill, below Wyalusing. The next year, in April, he waited on General Washington and with him planned the Sullivan campaign. He served throughout that campaign as chief guide of the army, aud received the thanks of Sullivan in general orders for his gallant conduct and im- portantserviees in the.battlo of Newtown,August 39th,1779. On the 25th February, 1781, lie set out with his company to join General Washington at headquarters on the Hudson, and arrived on the lltli of March; was engaged in the battle of King's Bridge July 3d, 1781 ; and when the army marched for Yorktown accompanied them ; was at the surrender of Cornwallis, October 17th,1781, serving under Baron Steuben. Keturning with the army to the Hudson that same fall, and the war being really at an end, and becoming tired and disgusted with the inactivity and wear- iness of camp life, he, on the 1st of March, 1783, resigned his commission and returned home to the defense of his family and friends from the barbarity of the savages and Pennamites, who still infested that locality. He was an active leading man in all the struggles of the settlers against the Pennamites, firm and unyielding in his adherence to their rights, never compromising, never surrendering; and when the rights of the settlors were in good part gained he refused to accept because it was not all he claimed and believed their due. He was one of the most popular men of his day. Under the artful lead and intrigue of Colonel Timothy Pickering, who showed that the way to preferment at Wy- 4= ' ** A-^ '^ ~ MITCHELL'S BRICK BLOCK , PLAINS, LUZERNE CO., PA ^'"Ji' liy jlKTdtclnt.VJ^- fl oc4'f-t:cyi.yoL- U . fU^. KO.IM EUbEAT'.D B PAYNK oming was throuah the Federal party, Luzerne county set off with a vote of two to one in its favor. Colonel Jenkins was a Democrat of the straitest sect, and was a leader in the party; and notwithstanding the heavy odds against him he was elected high sheriff of the county (though a Federalist, who was second on the return, received the commission), county commissioner and member of Assembly. He was several times nominated and run for other ofBoes, and though defeated ran far ahead of his ticket. After the Revolutionary war he settled in Exeter, on the battlc-flold, whore he died on the 10th of March, 1827. He man-led Bethiah Harris, of Colchestor, on the 33d of June, 1788, and had eight children. The eldest, Lydla, married Jabez Hyde, jr., a native of Norwich, Conn. He was elected sheriff of Luzerne county in 1810, member of Assembly in 1.S13 ; was prothonotary, register, recorder and clerk of courts of Susquehanna county from 1816 to 1830; member of Assembly in 1833 and 182.3; delegate to constitutional convention in 183T, judge of Susquehanna county in 181.0 and died holding that office. Harris .Tenkins, son of Colonel John Jenkins, was u mei-chant and farmer, colonel of militia, collector of II. S. internal revenue in 1816, re- corder of deeds and register of wills and Justice of the peace. James Jenkins, his youngest son, was a farmer and merchant, post- master at Wyoming, and a leading founder and ten years ^'ice-presi- dent of the Luzerne County Agricultural Society. He was the liu-gest contributor to the building of the Luzerne Presbyterial Institute ; a man of sterling qualities and unimpeachable integrity. Three gonei-atious of the family residing at Wyoming have been treat- ed of and we now come to the fourth. Of this generation Steuben Jenkins, of Wyoming, is the best and most widely known, and a brief notice of him must close this sketch. He was born on the 28th of Sept- ember, 1819, on the Wyoming battle-fleld. The tales of early times to which he listened around the fire-side of his grandfather, and on the field as recounted to and by visitors, gave his mind a bent in the direc- tion of gathering up the sad and mournful history of the sufferings of the earl.v settlers. His knowledge of the events of those times is perhaps more intimate and correct than that of any other person living. He has written much for the periodicals of the day, and for various historical publications, besides addresses; and he indulges the hope, which other people have long since yielded up, that lie will yet write a history which shall contain all that anyone may wish to know of the early days of Wy- oming. He prepared and delivered the historical address at the monu- ment on the occasion of the commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the massacre of Wyoming, in which he gave the most complete account of that occurrence that has yet been given to the public. It has been used as the text of the account of that event contained in this work. The historical and genealogical material gathered by him is immense, and enables him to furnish information on these subjects when all other sources fail. He is a lawyer by profession ; has held many public offices and trusts, all of which he discharged with signal ability, fidelity and honor. It is hoped that he may be spared to complete the history for which he has labored so many years in gathering the material, and that it may be all that can be desired both in manner and matter. WILLIAM LOVBLAND. William Loveland was born in Kingston, Pa., August Sth, 1831. His father was Elijah Loveland, one of the early settlers of Kingston and an energetic and public spirited citizen. On his mother's side he is of the ninth generation of descendants of Thomas Buckingham, a Puritan settler in America, who came from England to Boston, Mass., in June, 1637, and who was the ancestor of all of the American Buckinghams. Mr. Loveland has always been a, farmer. At his father's death he assumed control of the family homestead, in Kingston. He has aided to develop and sustain the most important local interests. As a business man he has ever been active and prominent. The Loveland family are and have for years been connected with the Presbyterian church. Eli- jah Lo%-eland was an elder in the Kingston church, and all of his sons- Thomas B., of Lock Haven, Pa., William and George, of Wilkes-Barre, Pa., Henry, of Steuben county, N. Y., and the late John Loveland, of Pittston— have at different times held the same position in societies of that denomination. Of the Kingston church William has long been an influential official member and a liberal supporter. Formerly a Whig politically, Mr. Loveland identified himself with the Hepublican party at its organization, and has been deeply interested in its progress to the present time, though since 1863 he has not been an active politician. June 17th, 1856, Mr. Loveland married Lydia Hurlburt, of Arkport, N. T., who was born there May 30th, 1839, and is a granddaughter of Chris- topher Hurlburt, a surveyor well known in the Wyoming valley in the pioneer days. They have had seven children, of whom four survive. George B., son of Henry B. and Nancy Loveland (brother of William Loveland and sister of Mrs. William Loveland respectively), has been a member of the family of his uncle and aunt from infancy. The only daughter of Mr. Elijah Loveland not previously mentioned is the wife of Governor Henry M. Hoyt, now a resident of Harrisburg, Pa. KEV. HEUBEN NELSON, D. D. The Eev. Reuben Nelson, D. D., was born in Andes, N. Y., December 18th, 1818, and died at his home in New York city, February 20th, 1879. He joined the Methodist Episcopal church when sixteen. In 1840 he successfully commenced the work of the ministry in the Oneida Confer- ence. He soon left the ptistorate, however, and gave his attention to teaching. For about two years he was principal of the Otsego Acad- emy, at Oooperstown, N. Y. He commenced his work as principal of the Wyoming Seminary In the fall of 1844, and with the exception of one year held the position till the close of the academic year of 1872. Under his guiding hand a great school grew up from small beginnings. As the chief executive oflioer of the seminary he manifested unusual tact and sagacity in availing himself of the resources within his reach for the upbuilding of the Institution. During the years that the school was struggling with adversity he thought and planned and labored from early dawn till late at night, never abating his tireless labors till success was assured. When new buildings were to be erected he planned them, purchased the materials and superintended the work. In addition to all this almost every Sabbath found him in the pulpit earnestly preaching the gospel. As a teacher this one idea was always dominant in his mind— to make out of his pupils strong and noble men and women. In his estimation, to be learned and not religious was to be a failure; and so he labored most assiduously for the conversion of the youth who were placed under his care. As an educator Dr. Nelson had few equals. Un- der his management the seminary became one of the largest and best sustained academic institutions ia the land, and to-day it stands as a worthy monument of his wise forecast, patient toil and tireless energy. As a preacher Dr. Nelson was always interesting, and often eloquent. There was a tender emotion running through his sermons which gave them great power over the masses. He was ten times elected secretary of his conference. Mve times he was sent at the head of his delegation to the General Conference. In each of these General Conferences his influence was prominently felt. In May, 1873. he was elected to succeed Dr. Carlton in the charge of the church publishing interests in New York. Under the careful management of Dr. Nelson and J. M. Phillips the great publishing house of the Methodist Episcopal church main- tained its credit so as to command the confidence of both the church and the business public. A unanimous re-election of both agents in 1876 by acclamation showed how fully the church appreciated and trusted them. Dr. Nelson also was treasurer of the missionary society of the church, serving with signal success till his death. HON. HUBBARD B. PAYNE. The subject of this sketch was born in Kingston, Pa., where he now resides, July 3Uh, 1839. His parents were Bsster and Polly Payne, and h3 is the only one of their children now living. His father was very generally knowa throughout the counties of Luzerne, Columbia, Wyoming, Susquehanna and Bradford, Pa., as a lead water pipe layer. Until he attained the age of eighteen Mr. Payne lived at home, worlting with his father in the lead pipe manufactory, or by the day for the farmers of his neighborhood, or attending the schools in Kingston. He prepared for college at the Wyoming Seminary, Kings- toa, and in Au^ast, 1857, eatsrel the Wesleyan University, at Middle- town, Conn. 'There his life struggle really began. The means of his parents being limited, he sought to aid them, and during his college course taught district school three successive winter terms of eighteen weeks each, at Rocky Hill, Conn., keeping up his studies at the same time. In college he took an active part in the literary societies. He was a member of the Psi Upsilon secret society and the Pytbologian Society, and by the faculty he was chosen a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. In June, 1831, he graluated, standing number four in his class. In August following his graduation Mr. Payne entered the office of Hon. ChirlesDealson, of Wilkei-Birre (afterwards a member of Con- gress for three terms), as a law studeiit. While pursuing his legal read- ing he tiught a district schocd during the winter of ISBlin Cinder Alley, Wilkes-Barre, and a public school of boys in a store-room of the Hillard block during the winter of 1803. In August, 1863, he was admitted to the bir of L'jzsrne county, and at once secured a desk in the office of Hon. W. W. Keto'aim, than silioitor of the United States Court of Claims and entered upon that struggle known only to a young lawyer who, without means or inauential friends, attempts to build up a practice. With the closest attention to business and with a strong determination to deserve success, it was yet four years before his income equaled his ex- penses, small though they were. But, as they invariably do, industry, integrity and frugality prevailed finally, and with Mr. Payne it became a question not how to get business but how to attend to that he had, and his practice has been lucrative and successful. Politically, Mr. Payne has been from the first a decided, active and outspoken Republican. Beginning with the Presidential campaign of 1831, he has since taken an active part for his party in local and general elections, working on committees and publicly addressing the people. In 1874 he was nominated without opposition for the State Senate, and, tohisownsurprlseandthat of many others, was elected by over 1,200 majority. During his term in tho Senate he was active in the business of the sesMon, serving on the committees on "judiciary general," "ju- diciary local," " mines and mining," and " new counties. In 1876 he was =^^ Hh *4* 306 z> HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. nominated without opposition for Congress in the lath Congressional dis- triot of Pennsylvania, and at the time of his nomination had every pros- pect of election. But his opponent, Hon. Hendrick B. Wrigrht, endorsed by both the Democratic and Greenback parties, was elected by a smaU majority. In June, 1880, Mr. Payne, having passed the interval in the practice of his profession, was nominated without opposition by the HepubUoan party for the office of law judge, to flU the vacancy caused by the resignation of president judge Garrick M. Harding, and his prospects for election (September, 1880) seem as promising as those of any of his opponents. February 23nd, 1866, Mr. Payne married Miss Elizabeth Lee Smith, only child of Mr. Draper Smith, an old resident of Plymouth, Luzerne cou nty . Prom this union four children have been born— a daughter, Louisa S. Payne, and three sons, Charles B., Hubbard B. and Paul D. Payne. All are living but Charles, who, October 3d, 1876, while Mr. Payne was en- gaged in his Congressional campaign, fell from a tree while gathering nuts and was killed. For many years Mr. Payne has been an active mem- ber of the Presbyterian church of Kingston, and he is now serving his fifteenth year as superintendent of its Sabbath-school. He hasalsobeen active as a free mason, and is now a past master by service of Kingston Lodge, No. 396, A. Y. M. Two years he also served as district deputy grand master for the district of Luzerne county. The above is, briefly, an outline of the career of Mr. Payne. It has been thus far the career of a selfmade man with an honest purpose, and interwoven day by day with hard labor and persevering endeavor. Such lives bring their legitimate rewards, and are fitting examples for emu- lation to the youth of our country. payne;pbttebone. John Pettebone, of French extraction, emigrated from England during the turtailent time of Oliver Cromwell, and was registered as a land- holder in Windsor, Hartford county, Conn., in 1658. February 10th, 1604, he maiTied Sarah Egglestnn, by whom he had nine children, three born at Windsor and si.K at SImsbury, in the same county, where he re- moved about the time of the liirth of his son Stephen, which occurred October 3d, 1609, locating on lands now (1880) in possession of some of his descendants. The name of Noah Pettebone is found attached to a petition to the Assembly of Connecticut dated March 2Bth, 1863. for per- mission to buy lands of the Indians on the Susquehanna at Wyoming. In 1746 he raai-ried Huldah Williams, by whom he had eight children, all born in Connecticut. He was first at Wyoming in 1769, with his three sons— Noah, jr., Stephen and Oliver; In 1773 he settled on meadow lot No. 23, where his descendants have continued in regular succession to thepresent, making considerable additions to the homestead. Sometime after the massacre of July gd,1778,he returned to Connecticut and Massa- chusetts, where his married daughters resided, but after a year or two returned to the homestead at Wyoming, where he died March 28th, 1791. The children of Noah Pettebone, all liorn at Simsbury, Conn., were : Esther, born in June, 1847, married William A Iworth ; Huldah, born in August, 1749, married Benjamin Atwater; Noah, jr., born in November, 1751, married Lucy Scott, May, 1778, and was killed in the battle of Wyo- ming, July 3d, 1778; Hannah, born in Octoter, 1753, married Joseph Shaw ; Stephen, born in September, 1765, was in Sullivan's army and honorably discharged, and after returning toWycming killed by Indians, February lOth, 1779, on KingstonJFlatsU Dolly, boin in June, 17-57, mar. ried Timothy Stevens in 1777 ; Lydia, born in December, 1759, married John Vaugh ; Oliver, born May 13th, 1763. married Martha Paine, Decem- ber 31st, 1783. All of the daughters settled in the Lackawanna region, and had considerable families. Oliver Pettebone, the youngest son of Noah, born May 13th. 1763, was a boy sixteen years old at the time of the massacre, and with others was in Forty Fort. He counted the force as it went out and made the num- ber 383. The second daj' after the massacre he returned to Connecticut, but subsequently removed to Amenia, Dutchess ccunty, N. Y., Decem- ber 21st, 1783, where he married Martha, daughter of Dr. Bnrnabns Paine Ithe family name is now spelled with a y). He settled on Living- ston manor, where three children were born,— Oliver, jr., Esther and Payne. He returned to Wyoming in April, 1788, and purchased the lot adjoining his fatlier's homestead, both of which lots, with added acres, are owned and occupied by his descendants. After his return to Wyom- ing ten additional childi-en were born to him, and all, except two who died young, raised quite large families. He was a pi-udeut, industrious, systematic farmer, and kept everything in perfect order till his death, March 17th, 1833. His wife died December 35th, 1833. Their children were: Oliver, jr., born September 9th, 1784; Esther, September 15th, 1785; Payne, January 24th, 1787; Joshua, August 31st, 1788 ; Marcla, Nov- ember 3d, 1790 ; Lucy, September 13th, 1703; Mary, October aist, 1794 ; Nancy, November 13th, 1790 ; Noah, July 27th, 1798 ; Huldah, Februai-y 14th, 1801 ; Henry, October, 6th, 1803 ; Martha, December 30th, 1804, and Stephen, February 3ud, 1807. Marrying Sarah Tuttle, Payne, son of Oliver Pettebone, was (he im- mediate ancestor of Stoughton Pettebone, a prominent paper manufac- turer residing at Niagara Falls, N. Y., born April 9th, 1813, and Pavne Pettebone, of Wyoming, born December 2JJd, 1813, in Kingston, where Payne Pettebone, sen., had located with his family; his father-in-law (Joseph Tuttle), with his family, having settled on Abraham's creek at the point since known as Tuttle's Mills, where the settlers on their way to the battle of Wyoming stopped for deliberation. When young Payne Pettebone was only eight months of age his father died and he was left to the care of his maternal grandfather, Joseph Tuttle, where he re- mained until fourteen, doing the varied and almost ceaseless work of a farmer's boy and attending the winter schools in the old school-house, with Blab benches, located near the residence of the late Colonel Elijah Shoemaker, his studies being limited to Webster's spelling book, Daboll's arithmetic, the old English reader and the rudimentary principles of Murray's grammar. For a time succeeding his fifteenth year he was a tavern boy-of-all-wiirk, but so firmly grounded were his principles of right and propriety that he did not suffer any in consequence of the contaminating influences by which he was surrounded. He was subse- (luently clerk in a store at Tunkhannook, Wyoming county, from 1838 to 1831, at a pittance of from $5 to $10 per month, where, amid adverse circumstances and in bad society, he preserved his charact«r umblem- ished; and, when bis employer at Tunkhannock failed in business, de- clined an offer to enter mercantile life as a principal in partnership with Colonel Montanye before he was eighteen. Returning to his former agricultural employments with his grandfather he was soon offered an opportunity to engage on trial for two weeks as a clerk in the store of Swetland & Baldwin, of Wyoming. This position he occupied and gave such satisfaction to his employers that his services were re- tained by this firm, and subsequently by William Swetland, at $176 to $300 per annum and board; and as evidence that he had early learned to appreciate the value of money sa\'ed it is only necessary to state that out of this meagre salary he laid up about SlOO a year. After the dis- solution of the firm of Swetland & Baldwin, in July, 1833, young Pettebone was offered service by each of the partners, and upon con- sidering the advisability of going into another line of businesss was prolfered an interest in the store of Jlr. Swetland; and in September, 1834, entered as an equal partner with him under a contract drawn up by himself, covering loss than one page of foolscap, which limited the partnership to such a length of time as the two could agree. This was in September, 1831, before Pajue Pettebone had attained his majority. Tlie partnership was so mutually satisfactory that it was dissolved only by t\ie death of Mr. Swetland, September 3Tth, 1864. During the early years of their partnership they were familiar by every-day labor with all of the details of duties which subseiiuently de\olved on portei-s and junior clerks. To the ties of mutual interest which united Mr. Swetland and Mr. Pettebone were added those of famil.v relationship when, October 3d, 1837, Payne Pettebone married Caroline M., daughter of William Swet- land, who has borne him six children, two of whom are living. These are Kate, who married A. H. Dickson, an attorney, residing in Wilkes- Barre, and Robert Treat, just past his majority and occupying the re- sponsible position of superintendent of the Wyoming Shovel Works. By the will of Mr. Swetland the surviving partner was made executor of his estate, which he managed for fifteen years, greatlj- increasing its value. With the various local interests of the town in which he lives Mr. Pettebone has always been closely identified, and aU enterprises having in view the education, evangelization and general advancement of his fellow men have always found in him a willing and a liberal supporter. He has never held public office except local township offices, having repeatedly refused the use of his name in nominating conventions wlicn his party was largely in the majority ; but with such marked suc- cess has he conducted his private business that he has from time to time been burdened with the cares of enterprises of a public cliaracter. In 1844 he was appointed a member of a committee with General William S. Ross and Jonathan J. Slocum, by the State authorities, for the sale of the Delaware division of the Pennsj'lvania Canal, and aided to effect the sale of the same at Philadelphia. From 1854 to 1803 he was treasurer of the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg Railroad Company, during the trying years of the financial embarassment of that corporation and the construction of the j'oad. During that period occurred the severest strain and pressure of his business life, and he retired from the position only when safety from loss was assured to the managei-s of the road, who were chiefly neighbors luid friends of his. He was subsequently elected a director of the I'oilroad company, and- continued in that office until the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg Railroad was consolidated with the Delaware, Lacka- "wanna and W^cstern Railroad. Mr. Pettebone has been prominently concerned in various other business and many benevolent, scientific and educational enterprises, representing several as president. Among these may be mentioned the old Pittston BttLk, the Wyoming Shovel Works, of which himself and son are sole proprietors, the W^yoming Terra Cotta Works, board of trustees of Wyoming Seminary, Wyoming Biblo Society, Wyoming Camp Meeting Association, Forty Fort Ceme- tery Association and Wyoming Historical and Geological Society. He is director of the Washington Life Insurance Company, of New York, the First National Bank of Pittston, and Wyoming National Dank and the Miners' Savings Bank of Wilkes-Barre, and was president and director of the Wilkes-Barre Savings Bank, now in liquidation. He is ruitce of 'W jcming ftn iniirj and the Drew Theologitul Seminary, and *^f= =^^ ^^^^^ZZ^-t5^^^^.€_^ Einj- h/ II !■ H,ul :; :.V„s I) j:un ta,, AV }/ y &^^^^k^^^^ '■''•]'■■ .1 E t ^'iZi A' r^//,-? ;- 7?,m;j', ,^'7/;7V *^ T^" GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 306 £ resigned the trusteeship of the Wesleyan University, of Mlddletown, Conn., from inability to attend the meetings of the board. Until 1864 the Wyoming monument grounds remained in a neglected condition. At a meeting of the Wyoming Historical and Geological Society that year it was resolved " that Payne Pettebone, Hon. William S. Boss and Colonel Charles Dorranoe be a committee to collect funds to defray the expense of finishing Wyoming monument, enclosing and improving the grounds of the same." His duties on such committee Mr. Pette- bone discharged with his accustomed ability, energy and success. In 1878 he was chairman of the committee on finances of the Centennial Memorial Association, and to his management was the success of the enterprise in no small measure due. A pleasant incident connected with this event was the entertainment, at the residence of Mr. Pettebone, of President Hayes and his family and cabinet, Governor Hartranft, of Penngj'lvania, and his wife and suite, and many other prominent men of the State and nation. Mrs. Hayes, In giving expression to her pleasant recollections of the visit, sent Mrs.Pettebone the following spring a case of rare flowers. To the varied employments above mentioned, which have demanded his time, personal attention and financial support, from time to time have been added the care of interests in coal mines, farm- ing operations and an extensive sugar plantation .in Louisiana, where the experiment is being tried of keeping negro laborers in contentment by prompt pay and fair treatment. At the altar of prayer in the old Forty Fort church, at the age of twelve or thirteen, as a seeker after salvation, Mr. Pettebone received lasting impressions for good; impressions which sustained him through the oritical period of boyhood and young manhood, left indelibly upon his mind those principles of integrity which marked his whole career and contributed in no small degree to his success in life; though for years thereafter he was not a professor of religion. The most interestingand highly cherished event of Iiis life was his conversion to God in March, 1848, at the great revival in the Methodist Episcopal church at Wyom- ing, under the pastorate of Eev. Thomas N. Pearne, assisted by Rev. K. Nelson. As a member of the church since that time he has been continu- ally in the oflficial board, serving in the several departments as leader, steward, trustee, Sunday-school superintendent and delegate to the General Conference. It is a source of pleasure to Mr. Pettebone to recall the fact that in his younger and less prosperous days he was never ashamed of any kind of honest labor. Work of any kind was acceptable to him so long as it soiled his hands only and not his character. On the solid foundation of industry, perseverance. Integrity and respect for his fellow creatures and reverence for sacred things he built, and built surely. A marked trait of his character is gratitude to those who aided him with a helping hand or cheered him with a friendly word during the rough experiences of his boyhood. The influences of kind deeds rendered him in child- hood have so impressed him that as he approaches the close of life he has a smile and a pleasant word for boys and girls entering upon its checkered experiences, and in grateful remembrance he holds the friends of his youth and the wise counselors of his young manhood. WILLIAM S WETLAND (DECEASED). The old Swetland homestead in Kingston is a landmark in the Wyom- ing vaUey,but it was not there that the original settlement of the family in this section was made. Luke Swetland was one of the Connecti- cut settlers of Wyoming and one of the proprietors under the Connec- ticut elarm, who signed the agreement dated June 20th, 1776, and by the advice of the proprietors' committee, " pitched " on land some thirty miles above Wyoming, near Mehoopany,where the family settled after re- turning from their old home in Kent, Litchfield county. Conn., where they had taken refuge during the war. In the winter of 1777 Luke Swetland was a member of Captain Durfee's independent company of patriots encamped at Morristown, N. J., having enUsted while a resident of the valley, September 17th, 1776. At the time of the battle of Wyom- ing, on account of some disability, he was in Forty Fort and did not participate in the engagement. August 25th, 1778, he was captured, with a neighbor, Joseph Blanehard, by the Indians, at the mouth of Fishing creek, and remained for a considerable period a prisoner at dif- ferent Seneca villages in the State of New York. In 1800 he removed with his family from Mehoopany to the old Swetland farm at Wyom- ing, where he died January 30th, 1823. " In later days," wrote Charles Miner, " I knew and could not but esteem the good old man. His taste and pride took a right direction and were of much value to the settle- ment. I refer to his establishment of a nursery for fruit and his intro- duction from New England of various kinds of apples selected with care." He was bom June 16th, 1729, in Lebanon, Windham county. Conn., and married Hannah Tiffany, of that place, April 1st, 1762. She died January 8th, 1809. Belding Swetland, the oldest son, was born Jan- uary 14th, 1763, and was With his father in Forty Fort at tlie time of the batae of Wyoming. He married Sally Gay, in Sharon, Conn., in 1787, and died at Wyoming July 22nd, 1816. William Swetland, the oldest child of Belding Swetland, was born in Sharon, Litchfield county. Conn., June 26th, 1789. He accompanied the family to Kingston, thence to Mehoopany and thence to the Swetland homestead in Wyoming, where his early life was passed as a farmer's boy with very limited opportunities for education. About 1812 he en- gaged as assistant in the store of Ellas Hoyt, uncle of Governor Henry M. Hoyt, in Kingston,- doing odd jobs and making himself generally useful in doors and out, and ultimately superseding an over-nice head clerk who was in the store when his term of service began. In 1816 Mr. Swetland erected the old portion of the store building on the home- stead and engaged in trade on his own account with a capital limited to $300. About a year, later Belding Swetland died, leaving twelve children, of whom William was the oldest ; and to him the farm was left, with pro- vision for the support of his brothers and sisters during their minority and the payment to each of a specific sum upon arrlvalat majority, a responsibility which, while it was cheerfully assumed as a duty by the young merchant, could not have been otherwise than onerous. Con- tinuing in the mercantile business, which was from time to time en- larged and extended, at the old stand, he had as a partner from 1830 to 1832 David Baldwin, and from 1834 to the time of his death Payne Pette- bone. On Abraham's creek, in the notch of the mountain, on the road from Wyoming to North Moreland, Mr. Swetland had a grist-mill, a saw-mill and a distillery, the products of which were sent by teams to the localities of improvements and business operations in all directions commercial relations having been established by Mr. Swetland with various portions of Luzerne, Wyoming, Lackawanna and Wayne coun- ties. The distillery was closed about 1840 ; the mills were exchanged for coal lands on the Lackawanna in 1848. The customers at his store for many years came from Mehoopany, Meshoppen, SIdnner's Eddy and other points in Wyoming county, from various parts of Luzerne county and to some considerable extent from the valley of the Lackawanna. At different dates during his business life Mr. Swetland was engaged in other important enterprises. In the early period of the history of the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg Railroad he was president of the board of managers for several years, joining with others in pledging large sums in aid of the enterprise during days of great financial uncertainty. He was president of the Pittston Bank, established under the old State banking laws, and subsequently a director of the First National Bank of Pittston. He was eflBcient in the organization of the Forty Fort Cemetery Association and was chosen its first president. About 1844, in making an effort to assist some Irinsmen at Hyde Park in business, he was obliged to secure his own interests by assuming the proprietorship of about forty acres of coal lands. He added to these possessions from time to time, extending the boundaries of his acreage there, now con- stituting the property of the Swetland heirs and Payne Pettebone, and known as the Swetland plot and Mount Pleasant colliery. Mr. Swetland was reared in the Democratic school politically, and was an early and generous contributor to the success of that party, giving largely toward the establishment of the Republican Farmer in Wilkes- Barre, a once prominent advocate of old time Democracy. He was one of the Luzerne county commissioners three years. In conjunction with Hon. George W. Woodward and Dr. A. Bedford he represented Luzerne county in the constitutional convention of 1836 ; but, becoming impa- tient at the slow progress of the deliberations of that body, he resigned before the close of the session. He voted the Democratic ticket until 1860, when he became an active and enthusiastic supporter of war meas- ures and the men prominent in introducing and advocating them, giving of his means with no stinted hand toward the enrollment and equipment of troops. Early In life Mr. Swetland saw the folly of loose business habits. Prompt, true to his word, energetic, untiring, of an indomitable will, frank, friendly and generous, he won a reputation which was the basis of a splendid credit, which he enjoyed uninterruptedly from first to last. Among things common in his day and ours which he utterly eschewed were tobacco and spirituous liquors. His habits were regular and his life methodical. Assuming the care of his brothers and sisters, as he did early in manhood at the solemn request of his dying mother, he became accustomed to think much of the welfare of his relatives and friends, and most of them at different times found in him a friend in need. In 1848, at a grand religious awakening in the Methodist Episcopal church at Wyoming, at a series of meetings conducted by Rev. Thomas H. Peame,he sought and found spiritual salvation, and was ever afterward an active and liberal member of the church of his choice, and most of the time an otEcial, having served as trustee and steward and in other capacities, and as president of the Wyoming Bible Society. In his will he provided for the repair and painting of the old Forty Fort-church. A liberal contributor to aU benevolent objects, he took a deep interest in Wyoming Seminary, and became a trustee of that institution. Be- coming acquainted -with Rev. Dr. Reuben Nelson, then principal, and noting the zeal, industry and business sagacity with which he was man- aging the affairs of the seminary under adverse ciroiimstances, Mr Swetland's sympathy was aroused, and he became one of the most thoughtful and generous friends of the institution. When the buildings burned down he decided to erect one of the halls (now known as "Swet- jand Hall ") at his own expense, and he made many other very consider- able contributions toward the re-ereotion of the buildings and the pay- ment of the indebtedness of the institution thus incurred ; and at the time when the burdeu of financial obligation which had so long and so 'ih --^ 2,06 F HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. grievously oppressed it was lifted he gave the sum of $5,000, one hall the sum required for that object, the check lor the same helng the last to which he ever signed his name. Mr. Swetland married Catharine Saylor, daughter of Dr. Peter Saylor, of Williams township, Northampton county, Pa., September 28th, 1819, who bore him four children : Caroline (Mrs. Payne Pettebone); Mary, who died young ; George W., who married Mary Polen and died In 1860 ; and Margaret A., who married William H. Brown, a merchant ol Phila- delphia, and is now dead. He died in the old lamily home at Wyoming, September 27th, 1864, deeply regretted by a very large circle ol relatives, friends and business acquaintances. EEV. E. H. SNOWDBN. Bev. E. H. Snowden is a grandson ol Isaac Snowden, once treasurer ol the city ol Philadelphia, and son ol Bev. Samuel Pindlay Snow- den, first pastor ol the Presbyterian church ol Princeton, N. J., and his wife, Susan Bayard Snowden (a descendant ol Bev. James Anderson, first pastor ol the Wall street Presbyterian church. New York). He was born at Prinoton, N. J., June 27th, 1798, and while a child removed to New Hartlord, Oneida county, N. T. In 1814 he entered Hamilton College, where he graduated in 1818 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar at Utica, N. Y.; went to Nashville, Tenn., to practice, but had united with the Presbyterian church and soon decided to enter the ministry ol that denomination ; studied theology at Princeton College, and was installed pastor ol the Presbyterian church of St. Augustine, Fla. ; made a missionary tour to the Gull o{ Mexico ; came north and became pastor ol the BrownviUe church ; at the disruption of the Presbyterian Church went to Philadelphia as a delegate to the convention of 1837, and while there accepted an invitation to visit the Kingston church, of which he became pastor that fall ; later was pastor ol the churches ol Wawasham, Bradford county. Pa., and Woodstown, N. J.; returned to the valley and preached at Plymouth and now resides at " Snowden Cottage " in King- ston, and is preaching, at the age ol 82. He was instrumental in building churches at Kingston, Plymouth and LarksviUe, the edifice at the lat- ter place being imown as the " Snowden Memorial Church." B. W. Abbott is the present postmaster at MiU Hollow. Mbs. Kate Ann Atherholt was born in Kingston, in 184(1, and mar- ried to William Atherholt in 1875. She is carrying on a farm. John Atherholt was bom in Kingston township, March 25th, 1848, and was married to Miss Lauan Dymond, ol Franklin. Their children are: Alva, born November 8th, 1872; Freddie, February 16th, 1874; JJoyd H., April Uth, 1875; Harry D., November 22nd, 1877. Mr. Atherholt is engaged in milling, at Mill HoUow. Christian Bach, a native of Waldeck, Germany, came to Kingston in 1875, and in the same year was married to Miss Sarah J. Humphreys, ol Wllkes-Barre. He is an enterprising merchant tai'or ol Kingston. Peter B. Backus, loreman in the boiler department ol the oar shops at Kingston, was bom in Germany, June 15th, 1846; emigrated in 18,52, and married Eunice Grass, ol Frederiokton, New Brunswick, October 9tb, 1869. O. K. Bennett, ol Kingston, was married to Miss E. W. Llnd, ol Kingston, February 36th, 1876. Henry J. Best, baker and confectioner, Wyoming, was born in Kings- ton, January 10th, 1841, and was married March 14th, 1863, to Eliza Hartzel, ol Kingston, who was bom April 2nd, 1842. Mr. Best was a member of the 7th Pennsylvania volunteers. Mrs. M. J. Bevan was born in Kingston, in 1839. She lived in Pittston Irom 1860 to 1879, then moved to her present larm. WiNFiELD S. BONHAM, engineer at the East Boston mines, was born in Kingston, May 16th, 1848. He served in the 3d Pennsylvania cavalry untU the close ol the late war. He resides in Kingston township. C. W. BonoHTiN, blacksmith and wagon maker, was born in Orange county, N. T., in 1827, and in 1849 married Mary A. Wright, ol the same place (since deceased), and removed to Kingston. In 1873 he was mar- ried to Miss Mattie Bogart ol Warren county, N. J. Lieutenant William B. Brink, station agent at Kingston, was bom In Luzerne county, in 1843, and married Louise M. Fitch, ol Otsego county, N. T. He served four years in the 11th Pennsylvania cavalry, and was promoted second lieutenant. N. W. Burgess, Wyoming, was born in Porkston, Wyoming county. Pa., February 27th, 1826, and was married January 81st, 1850, to Adeline Patterson, ol Kingston. He is a farmer and dealer in agricultural im- plements. William BRroEN, foreman in the Kingston machine shops ol the D., L. and W. Eailroad. was born in Dumlries, Scotland, July 4th, 1841. He has been in the employ ol the company since 1857. William Castner, farmer, was born in Kingston, in 1833, and mar- ried Elizabeth L'Arooreux, ol Plymouth, in 1856. He was a member ol the Plymouth borough council one term. James Collins was born in Danville, Montour county, Pa. in 1848 and married Mary Sullivan, of Carbondale, Pa. He is a contractor and stone mason ol Kingston borough. Alfred H. Coon was bom in Carbondale, May 28th, 1829. His wife was Miss Lorinda M. Marcy, ol Kingston. Mr. Coon is a contractor, builder, larmer and miller. He was the projector and builder ol the Wilkes-Barre and Kingston street railway, and waa the first man in the United States to use the T rail on street railroads. James M. Coughlin, superintendent ol common schools ol Luzerne county, was born November 12th, 1848, in Fairmount, and married Miss Mary E. Welter, ol Kingston. George Coubtriqht was born in Plains, April 26th, 1818, and was married December 30th, 1841, to Miss Mary Mather, of Kingston. She was born February 8th, 1823. Their children are Mary Louisa, James M., John P., William B. and LUian Fidelia. Mr. Courtright is a farmer. David Culver was born on the site of old Forty Port, August 2nd, 1832, and was married August 29th, 1851, to Miss Nancy Ann Wise, of Philadelphia, Pa. Their children are : Sarah E., born September 21st, 1853; Stella, born August 27th, 1856; Lewis, born February 11th, 18.59; Bath, bom July 4th, 1861 ; George W., born November 19th, 1863 ; Fred- erick and Fanny, born March 15th, 1870 ; Louisa J., born August 8th* 1872. Mr. Culver is a farmer and ferryman at Forty Fort. Jasper N. Culver, carpenter for the Kingston Coal Company, was born in Union township, in 1845, and in 1872 married Melissa Harrison, of that township. He served three years in Battery B 5th U. S. artillery during the Bebellion, also as a member of the 143d Pa. volunteers. T. P. Culver, farmer, was bom in Huntington township, April 15th, 1837. In 1865 he was married to Miss M J. Bowman, ol Mifflin, Columbia county. Pa. Lorenzo J. Curtis is a carpenter at Kingston. He was born in Ply- mouth, October 20th, 1845, and served in the 143d Pennsylvania volun- teers, Wyoming Artillery, from 1862 until 1865. He is still a member ol the Wyoming Artillery. Daniel B. Davis was born in Wales, in 1842, and was married in 1865 to Bachel James, also a native ol Wales. Mr. Davis is a mine boss in the employ of the Kingston Coal Company. John E. Davis is a native of Wales. He married Jane Eynon, of Luzerne county, since deceased. He is chief clerk of the Gaylor Coal Company at Kingston. John Denniston is a farmer at Mill Hollow. Ira a. De Silva is a native of Luzerne county, and was born in 1854. He is a police officer and night agent at the Kingston Eailroad depot. Captain Butler Dilley, cattle merchant, Kingston, was born in Wilkes-Barre, June 24th, 1834, and married BUen Pettebone, ol King- ston. He served" five years in the regular army, was quartermaster ol the 8th regiment in the three months service, and captam ol Company D 61st Pennsylvania volunteers in the three years service. E. H. DODBON, of the firm of B. H. Dodson & Brother, dealers in gen- eral merchandise, is a native of Huntington township. He married Eu- reka Ludlow, of Summerville, N. J. Wesley Dodson, wholesale and retaU dealer in general merchandise, is a native of Union township. In 1845 he was married to Desdemona Wadsworth, daughter of Bpaphras Wadsworth, ol Luzerne county. J. W. Drake was born in 1848, in Kingston, and married Miss Mary Jane Darlane, in 1868. He is a miUer and general merchant at Carverton. George W. Edwards, loader boss lor the Kingston Coal Company, was born in Hyde Park, Lackawanna county, in 1860. James D. Edwards, clerk lor the Kingston Coal Company, was bom in Hyde Park, in 1862. Thomas Edwards, miner, piugston, was bom in Ireland, in 1847. He married Mary A. SuUivan, ol England, in 1863, and emigrated in 1864 He is sinking a new shalt by contract for J. B. Swoyer. Stephen A. Edwards was born in Dallas, August 9th, 1824 He was married August 12th, 1848, to Miss Dorinda C. Durland, of DaUas who was bom in Franltlin, September 11th, 1825. Their children are • Emma J., born May 23d, 1849 ; Delphine S., February 13th, 1851 ; Angelo S De- cember 13th, 1852; Charles N., April 10th, 1855; Walter B., December 18th, 1867; Garret D., November 4th, 1859 ; Edith Alberta, May 9th, 1870 Mr. Edwards is a larmer and a clergyman. George W. Enoel, lounder and machinist, MIU Hollow, was born in Northampton county. Pa., in 1840. In 1872 he married Lydia G Pette- bone, ol MiU HoUow. He served three yem-s in the 143d Pa. volunteers during the BebeUlon. Lewis G. Ensign was born in Litchfield, Conn., May 7th, 1806 and ma,rned November 4th, 1830, to Miss Bebecca, M. Fortner, ol Deposit, Delaware county, N. T. She died January 13th, 1865, at Wyoming Pa June 24th, 1856, Mr. Ensign married Mary Ann Chapin, ol Wvomtog Mrs. Ensign is the daughter of Deacon Henry Hioe, of Wyoming Mr Ensign Is engaged in the watch and jewehry business at Wyoming, which business he has followed more than fifty years. William P. Evans was born in Wales, in 1825, and married Miss Ann Thomas in 1842. He came to Plymouth in 1867. He was formerTy a miner, and is now supervisor. ^¥ =4* 4 GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 306 G W. H. Faulds, M. D., was born In Morriaville, Pa., January 20tli, 1845 and was married to Miss Mary Thoinpsoa, of Berwiclc, July 9tli, 1868. She died January 18th, 1872, and June eth, 18T7. he married Miss Ella Curry, of Danville, Pa. Dr. Faulda studied medicine with Dr. Thomp- son, of Danville, graduated from the University of Pennsylvania March 10th, 1876, and located at Mill Hollow, Pa., April 25th, 1876, where he has since been engagred in his profession. Gborqe H. Flanagan was born in Lehman and resides in Kingston. He is cashier of the Ashley Savings Bank, at Ashley. M. Bowman Fowler was born in Espy, Columbia county. Pa., March 27th, 1849, and was married in 1869 to Carrie A. Smith, of Hazleton, Pa. Mr. Fowler is derk of the D., L. and W. oar shops at Kingston. John R, Gates and Mart Goodwin were born In Kingston, Novem- ber 17th, 1819, and were married in 1842. Mr. Gates is a f ai-mer, and has served in various official capacities in the township and borough. MBS. E. A. Goodwin was born in Abington, Pa., about 1825, and was married to Philip M. Goodwin, a druggist of Kingston, in 1846. She has two sons and two daughters. Her husband died February 21st, 1874. Her maiden name was Grosvenor. Charles Gbaham is a native of Crosstord, Fiteshlre, Scotland, and was born April 15th, 1834. He married Miss Jane Brydon, of Dumfries, Scotland. He learned the machinist's trade, and is master mechanic of the D., L. and W. shops in Kingston. He has been in the employ of the company twenty-flve years. John L. GUNTON was born in Cambridgeshire, England, In 1817. His wife was Miss Jane Smith, of that county. He resides in Kingston and is a broom maker and gardener. His son W. B. Gunton was born in Kingston, July 20th, 1858, and is a house, sign and ornamental painter. Charles D. Hazeliine was born in Kingston, in 1854, and married Miss Addie M. McHenry, of Franklin, Pa. His business is farming. Rev. Frederick L. Hiller, pastor of the M. E. church at Wyoming, was born in Dover, England, in 1838, and in 1850 was married to Margaret E. Wentz, of Blnghamton, N. T. He was captain of the " Dickinson Light Artillery " in the late war, which company he assisted in raising in Broome county, N. Y. Samuel Honeywell, farmer, was born in Dallas, in 1828, and was married December 27th, 1849, to Margaret Frantz, of Kingston, who was born June ISth, 1829. James Howell was bom in "Warren county, N. J., May 9th, 1828, and married, June 21st, 1852, Miss Kate S. Stocker, of the same county. He is engaged in farming and trout growing. J. D. HOTT, of Kingston borough, was oorn there, August 13th, 1819, and in November, 1844, was married to Martha Goodwin, of Kingston. June 8th, 185.S, he married Elizabeth H. Goodwin, of Kingston. Mr. Hoyt is a farmer and owner of coal lands . H. F. Johnson, hardware merchant, was born in Parsons, Luzerne county, in 1847, and in 1888 was married to Lizzie Bley, of Kingston. He has served in various official capacities in Kingston borough. Dr. Charles P. Knapp, M. D., Ph. B., was born In WUkes-Barre, In 1853. He is a graduate of Lafayette College, and of Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York. Dr. Knapp was resident physician to the Wilkes-Barre City Hospital in 1876. William S. Kdtz, harness maker, was born in Wilkes-Barre, in 1839, and married Mary Terry, of Tunkhannock, Wyoming county. He was burgess at Tunkhannock in 1871 and 1872. Charles Lapha was born in Kingston township, July 19th, 1815, and married, November 5th, 1837,Mary Jackson, of Forty Fort, w»o was born October 24th, 1817. Mr. Lapha is a shoemaker by trade, but at present engaged in farming. Their children have been George W., Ruth A., Charles P., Margaret A., Matilda, Philip H., John S., Ellen B. and Rachael R. ; of whom only the last two and the first are living. Michael Lapht was bom in Mill Hollow, July 13th, 1848. He was married December 9th, 1871, to Maggie A. Davis, of Wilkes-Barre. She was born in Kingston, March 22nd, 1851. Their children are Frederick C, bora January 15th, 1873, and Cora May, born December 3d, 1875. Mr. Lapby was a private in Company K 18th Pennsylvania cavalry. He is at present ticket boss in the Hutchinson Mine, at Mill Hollow. Col. H. a. Latcook, hotel proprietor at Wyoming, entered the military service in 1861 as 1st lieutenant in the 56th Pennsylvania vol- unteers. He was promoted captain in 1862, major in 1863, and lieutenant colonel and colonel in 1864. Robert K. Latcook, carriage maker at Wyoming, was born in Kennedyville, N. J., January 24th, 1839, and married Mary E. Church, of Kingston. He established his present business in 1863. John D. Lewis, of the meat market firm of Dymond & Lewis, was bom in Exeter, In 1835, and married Louisa J. Dymond, of Exeter. Calvin Dymond was born in Exeter, in 1837, and married Angeline Lewis, of Franklin township. Hon. T. H. B. Lewis, a native of this township, was bom in Truxville, February 22nd, 1835, and married Miss Rosa M. Atherton, of Bridge- water, Pa. Mr. Lewis is an attorney at law in Wilkes-Barre. He was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives In 1875 and 1876. Elijah Loveland was bom in Norwich, Vt. He married Miss Mary Buckingham, of Lebanon, Conn., in 1815. He was one of the early settlers of Kingston and an energetic, public spirited citizen, esteemed by all who knew him. He- was an elder in the Presbyterian church, and each of his sons has held the same position. His children have been Thomas B., of Lock Haven; WUliam, who retains the old home- stead in Kingston; George, an attorney at law in Wilkes-Barre; Henry, of Steuben county, N. T.; the late John Loveland, of Plttston and Mrs. H. M. Hoyt, now of Harrisburg. T. P. Maofarlanb was born in Plymouth, in 1836. He married Miss M. McCulloch, of Donaldson. He is a resident of Kingston and is en- gaged in the coal business. Joseph P. Mason was bom in Dallas township, December 12th, 1855. He is a gardener in the employ of James Hancock, at Wyoming. John Mathers was born in Mill Hollow, in 1813, and iwas married in 1841 to Miss Ann Stroh, of that place. He is a millwright and farmer. P. McPiKE is proprietor of McPike's Hotel, Kingston. David Miles was born in Merthyr Tydvll, South Wales, in 1826, and married Margaret Hopkins, of Brigend, South Wales. He is foreman of the blacksmith department of the oar shop at Kingston. Thomas L. Morqan was born in Wales, in 1832. He married Miss Anna M. James. He is outside boss for the Kingston Coal Company. Thomas J. Morgan was born in Kingston, June 22nd, 1859. His wife was Miss Mary J. Jones, who was born in Wales. He is an engineer for the Kingston Coal Company. , John J. Morgan was born in South Wales. He resides In Kingston, and is a clerk. William Moses, engineer, was born in Carbondale, in 1838. He mar- ried Sarah Hughes, of Carbondale (deceased), and Mary I. Ford, of Bradford county. Pa. He was a corporal in the 177th Pa. volunteers. Aba MnNSON was born in Kingston, in 1827, and married Jane Harris, His business is farming and fruit growing. F. B. MVERS, farmer, was born in Kingston, June 10th, 1845, and was married February 16th, 1869, to Miss N. A. Mott, of Blakoly. T. Leonard Newell, bookkeeper, "was bom in Canton, Bradford county. Pa., May 7th, 1866. He was formerly a commercial traveler and salesman. J. Milton Nicholson is a native of Wayne county. Pa. He has been telegraph train dispatcher on the Bloomsburg division of the Dela- ware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad for fifteen years ; office at Kings toi;. Edward F. Payne, Kingston, was bom in Minersville, Pa., November 7th, 1850, and married Elsie Relth, of Kingston. He is a merchant, of the firm Payne & Perrin, and is superintendent of the Bast Boston mines. William G. Payne, a native of Minersville, Schuylkill county, Pa. was bom July 19th, 1844, and in 1868 married Miss Ellen Roberts, of Mon- treal, Canada. He is a coal operator at the East Boston mines, Kingston. W. G. Payne was born in Minersville, Pa., July 19th, 1844. His wife was Miss Ellen Roberts, of Montreal, Canada. Mr. Payne Is a coal op- erator, and superintendent of the East Boston mines, near Wyoming. Calvin Perrin, jr., was born November 28th, 1842, in North More- land township, Wyoming county. Pa. He was married to M. Caroline Winters, December 30th, 1864. He enlisted in Company G 210th Penn- sylvania volunteers in August, 1864, and served until the close of the Rebellion. He is a merchant at Mill Hollow. Elizabeth Polen, widow of the late Henry Polen, of Wyoming, was bom September 20th, 1812. She is a granddaughter of Thomas Bennet, and daughter of Andrew Bennet, captured in the Wyoming massacre. John Pollock, proprietor of Pollock's Hotel, Wyoming, was bom May 17th, 1829, in Columbia county, Pa. In 1863 he married Agnes C. McKee, of Montour county, Pa. Samuel Prinqle was born in Plymouth, Pa., March 20th, 1818. He located in Kingston in 1839, where he has since been engaged in farm- ing. He is also the owner of coal lands In Plymouth and Kingston. Samuel Raub is engaged in coal mining in Mill Hollow. James Reese was born in Kingston, in 1854, and married Miss Olive Blaln, of Plymouth. They have one son, John B. Reese, born May 1st, 1876. Mr. Reese is breaker boss at the Hutchinson mine. Mill HoUow. Sarah D. Rbilay, widow of Gilbert Reilay, was bom in 1814, in her present residence, which was built in 1790. She Is a granddaughter of Colonel Nathan Denison, a leader in the battle of Wyoming. Mrs. Mart Butler Reynolds was born at Kingston, January 13th, 1822, and was married to Elijah W. Reynolds in 1842. Mr. Reynolds was for many years a leading merchant of Wilkes-Barre. He died at Kings- ton, September 25th, 1869. Their children are Pierce Butler, William C. and John B. ^h --4 306^ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Isaac Rice was born in Warren county, N. J., May 23(1, 1812, and camp with his parents to Truxville, Pa., in 1816. He operated a store, tannery and saw-mill from 1837 to 1856, when he located in Kingston boroug-h, and eng:aged in the mercantile and lumber business, which he still con- tinues. He was first married to Miss Ellen Pugh, January 24th, 1837. She died March 28th, 1840. He next married Prudence F. ^Foster, Novem- ber 28th, 1840, who died January 2nd, 1867. He was married to Polly Payne, his present wife, December 10th, 1867. J. P. EiCE was born in Warren county, N. J., August 5th, 1805. He was married to Sally Ann Kunkel, of Dallas, March 6th, 1820, and to Polly Eice June Snd, 1867. Mr. Rice is at present engaged in the mer- cantile business at Truxville. Wrr:T:TAM L. Rice was born June 6th, 1832, in Kingston township. He was married December 8th, 1856, to lovisa Harris, of that township. He is engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods at Truxville. Abram Rinker, jr., farmer, was born in Eaton, Wyoming county. Pa., November 25th, 1839, and was married to Prances M. Burgess, of North Branch, Wyoming county, November 23d, 1865. Mr. Rinker served more than three years in the 52nd Pennsylvania volunteers. A. J. Boat, dealer in general hardware and mine supplies, was born in Columbia county, Pa., in 1833, came to Kingston in 1843, and married Mary A. Gabriel, of Plymouth. He was an enrolling officer during the civil war. B. B. Boat, a native of Kingston, was born in 1844, and was married lu 1871 to Kate L. Corby, of Eaton, Wyoming county. Pa. In 1877 he engaged in trade in stoves and tinware with a capital of only $50, first occupying a small room in his dweUing; but by honorable dealing and strict attention to business his trade so rapidly increased that he was soon able to build a store of sufficient capacity to carry a large stock. His patronage is now larger than that of any other bouse in Kingston in his branch of trade. The public has found in Mr. Roat a dealer upon whose honesty it can always rely, whose motto is small profits and quick sales. William L. Robeets is a native of Mold, North Wales. He married Charlotte Evans, of Kingston. Mr. Roberts is a miner. Morgan D. Rosser is a native of Wales, and was born November 7th, 1841. His wife was Miss Mary Edwards, of Glamorganshire, South Wales. Mr. Rosser is a mine boss. LiEUTENAHT ROBERT A. Saeford, boss Carpenter for the Kingston Coal Company, was bom in Buffalo, N. Y., in 1844, and married Estelle Ames, of Carbondale. He was first lieutenant in the 8th N. T. cavalry, and served from 1861 to 1865. Rev. O. W. Scott was born at Newbury, Orange county, Vt., Octo- ber 15th, 1842. He was educated at the Vermont Conference Methodist Episcopal Seminary, and the Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. He married Miss Lucy A. Jameson, of Irasburgh, Vt. He entered the ministry in 1867, and was settled three years in Maine, three years in Massachusetts and six years in New Hampshire. He is the present pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church at Kingston. J. P. ScHOOLEY was born in Kingston, in 1827, and married Miss Lin- dia Erantz, of Franklin, in 1849. He is a farmer. Jacob Sharps, farmer, was bom in New Jersey, in 1807, and came to Kingston in 1816. In 1833 he married Mary A. Schooley, of Wyoming, who was born in New Jersey, in 1814. B. Mod. Shoemaker, farmer, was born at Forty Fort, in 1812, at which place he has been a merchant and postmaster. He assisted in building the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad from Wilkes-Barre to White Haven. Samuel R. Shoemaker, son of Isaac C. and Caty Ann Shoemaker, was bom in Wyoming, May 1st, 1841. He was married January 7th, 1868, to Miss Jennie M. Carver, daughter of Rufus and Nancy Carver, of Wyoming. She was bora March 7th, 1860. Mr. Shoemaker is joint owner and operator of the farm, grist-mill and woolen factory of the late Isaac C. Shoemaker, of Wyoming. William S. Shoemaker was born at Wyoming, February 19th, 1820 and married March Uth, 1841, to Miss Mary Tripp, daughter of Isaac Tripp, of Providence, Lackawanna county. Pa. He is a farmer and manufacturer of terra cotta ware at Wyoming. His father, Jacob I. and grandfather, Isaac Shoemaker, were among the early settlers of the Wyoming vaUey. Mr. Tripp, father of Mrs. Shoemaker, was an early settler in the Lackawanna valley. Jacob I. Shoemaker was born at Wyoming, April 7th, 1839. He was married December 23d, 1863, to Miss M. M. Sharps, of Wyoming, who was bom October 27th, 1843. Mr. Shoemaker is engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods at Wyoming, and in a general milling business. Geokqe W. Shonk was bom in Plymouth, Pa., April 26th, 1850. He is an attorney and counselor at law at Plymouth. William Silvebwood, a native of Sheffield, England, born in 1827, emigrated to Kingston, Pa., in 1859, and February 17th, 1864, married Mary A. La Bar, of Upper Mt. Bethel, Pa. They had three children- Jennie, born February 7th, 1865, died April Uth, 1868 ; Willie, born Feb- ruary 20th, 1867, and Frank, born July 7th, 1869. Mr. Silverw^^od was a broom manufacturer. He died May Uth, 1872. Thomas Somers came to Kingston in 1866, and engaged i» business as a tailor, which he has continued to the present time. Rev. L. L. Spraque, A. M., was born in the town of Beekman, Dutchess county, N. T., December 23d, 1844. He was educated at Le Raysville Academy, Eastman's Business College and Wyoming Semi- nary. His degree of A. M. Was conferred by Allegheny College. In September, 1863, he took charge of the Le Raysville Academy at Le Raysville, Bradford county, Pa., and in 1868 was elected to his present position of principal of the commercial department of Wyoming Seminary. He joined the Wyoming Conference of the M. E. Church in April, 1844. He was married December 22nd, 1868, to Jennie E. Russell, of Otego, Otsego county, N. Y. Willie S. Tripp, son of Holden and Sally Tripp, was born November 12th, 1854, at Wyoming. His father was born October 15th, 1824, at Soranton, and died December 30th, 1870. His mother was born March .31st, 1825, and died May 11th, 1878, at Wyoming. The other children of Holden and Sally Tripp are Sterling B., Marcia A., Lizzie D., Charles C. and Ira H. Tripp. Alanson B. Ttrrell was born in Watertown, Conn., June 8th, 1833. His wife was Miss Susan S. Marks, of Waterbury, Conn. He is a con- tractor, carpenter and builder. J. C. Vanloon, proprietor of a meat market, was born in East Nanti- ooke, August 7th, 1842, and in 1868 married Mary E. Pettebone, of Kings- ton. Henry Vanscoy is the proprietor of the Kingston bakery and ice cream saloon, opposite McPlke's Hotel. George W. Waddell, assistant superintendent of the Mill Hollow colliery, was born in Pittston, in 1853, and in 1879 was married to Carrie D- Decker, of New York city. James Waddell was born in Scotland, in 1836, and emigrated in 1852. He married Maria Williams, of Carbondale, Pa. He has long been en- gaged in mining, and is superintendent of mines in Mill Hollow. Mrs. C. a. Wambold is a resident of Kingston borough. Conrad Z. Warnick, foreman in the paint department of the oar shops, was born in Monroe county. Pa., in 1842, and married Jane B. Smith, of Blairstown, N. J. He served in the 174th Pa. militia, and two years in the 3d N. J. cavalry under General Custer. Phineas a. Watt, baker and confectioner, was born in Prompton, Wayne county. Pa., in 1846, and in 1870 was married to Louisa Pool, of Kingston. He is an overseer of breaker machinery. Rev. Henry Hunton Welles was born in Wyalusing, Bradford county. Pa., September 15th, 1824. He was married October 12th, 1849, to Miss Ellen S. Ladd, daughter of General Samuel G. Ladd, of HaUo- well, Maine. Mr. Welles served the Kingston Presbyterian church as its pastor from December 1st, 1850, to AprU 1st, 1871, and is at present en- gaged in the home missionary work, and also supplies the pulpit of the Presbyterian church at Plains. John W. Williamson, weighmaster at the Mill Hollow oolUery, was born March 11th, 1854, at Wanlockhead, Scotland. He married Miss Alice Adams, of Rapids City, 111. He was formerly an engineer. Robert Wilson, druggist, Wyoming, was born in Torkshlre, Eng.; emigrated in 1843 and engaged in trade with John B. Wood, of Wilkes- Barre, as clerk and mercantile partner, continuing eight years. He suffered heavy loss in the general conflagration of 1859; then conducted mercantile and insurance business a few years, and went to Dover, Del., and engaged in fruit-growing. In 1874 he returned to Wilkes- Barre, and in 1876 established the first druB store at Wyoming. Peter Wolcott, proprietor of the Kingston Hotel, Kingston bor- ough, was born in 1834, in Columbia county, N. Y., and in 1854 married Harriet Fellows, of Hyde Park. He was a locomotive engineer. Eliza Woodyatt, hotel proprietor at Mill Hollow, was born in Eng- land, in 1888, and emigrated in 1859. Her first husband was William Lloyd (who died in 1871), and her present husband is George Woodyatt formerly of Plymouth, Pa. Thomas Wright is a miller and wholesale and retail dealer in flour and feed at Mill Hollow. The following citizens have also contributed their support to this pubUcation: Miss M. D. Culver, Mrs. A. Silverman, George B Dilley Daniel Edwards, G. W. Ely, Rev. F. N. Flint, A. Goodwin, jr., Thomas Hutohms, Rev. F. A. King, L. Mark, Mrs. H. Myers, Abram Nesbitt, A J. Pringle, A. H. Reynolds, P. B. Reynolds. * ^h PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH AND CEMETERY ASSOCIATION OF WYOMING. 3°7 4= WYOlirNG PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The first step toward permanent organization was taken by the Presbyterians of Wyoming in 1833, when they built in the front of the village cemetery, on a lot given by Mrs. Elizabeth Shoemaker, a neat little frame chapel in which to hold their services. Wyoming at this time constituted with Kingston one pastoral charge, under Rev. Alexander Heberton, but was granted an independ- ent organization in April, 1847, on the petition of Thomas F. Atherton, Peter Barber, Charles Fuller, Henry Hice, Andrew Miller, George Wurts, M. D., R. E. Marvine, Margaret Schooley, Sarah Ann Marvine, Mary Barber, H. L. Marvine, Lucinda C. Smith, Christine Polen, Har- riet A. Marvine, L. G. Ensign and Mr. 'Miller. A com- mittee of the presbytery met at Wyoming on Tuesday, May 4th, 1847, and organized the church. The sermon was preached by Rev. Jacob Belville, of the Presbytery of Baltimore, after which the following named elders were elected and inducted into office: Henry Hice, Charles Fuller, R. E. Marvine and L. G. Ensign. The pulpit was supplied by the Rev. J. D. Mitchell, D. D. On the 22nd of November following " the school of the Wyoming Presbyterian Church " was opened with 25 pupils, Francis I. Smith being employed as teacher. This school was at last merged in the " Luzerne Presby- terial Institute," which was opened in May, 1849, when Dr. Mitchell resigned his charge of the church and be- came principal in the institute. Rev. Paul Eugene Stevenson, of Williamsburg, N. Y., was on the 19th of May, 1850, installed as pastor. A parsonage lot was donated by Mr. David Perkins and his daughter, Mrs. Jane Ann Carpenter, and by November, 1850, the building was ready for occupancy. On November i8th, 1850, this church and the Methodist church of Wyoming organized the first Bible society ever established in this part of the valley, viz., the Wyoming Bible Society, auxiliary to the Pennsylvania Bible Society. This institution has still a flourishing existence, holding meetings annually, maintaining missionary visitation and the distribution of books. Mr. Stevenson resigned his charge in March, 1854. Rev. N. S. Prime, D. D., preached from April until the following September, and Rev. Thomas P. Hunt from November until May, 1855. During the summer of 1854 the "chapel " was demol- ished by lightning, and the congregation worshiped in the large room of the institute building about three years. In June, 1855, Rev. J. D. Mitchell was again secured as stated supply. Messrs. William Henry, William S. Shoe- maker, L. G. Ensign, Thomas F. Atherton and Steuben Jenkins were appointed a building committee, and the present church building was begun. It was dedicated October 22nd, 1857. The sermon was preached by the Rev. Nicholas Murray, D. D., of Elizabeth, N. J. Mr. Mitchell resigned in December, 1856, and Rev. Thomas P. Hunt preached until May, 1857. Rev. Wil- liam L. Moore was pastor from July 22nd, 1857, until March, 1858. Rev. Frederick L. King followed as stated supply. From the first Sabbath of May, 1859, the Rev. Henry Rinker was pastor until February, 1861, and he preached as stated supply until the following April. From January, 1862, the Rev. H. H. Welles supplied the pulpit six months, when Rev. Albert B. King was engaged. He was installed October 25th, 1863, and served until Jan- uary 1st, 1873. Rev. Lewis H. Boehler then preached eight months. Rev. Scott Stites was ordained and 'in- stalled pastor of Wyoming October 2nd, 1873. He re- signed April ist, 1877, to assume the pastoral care of the Second Presbyterian Church of Pittsburg. January 2nd, 1878, the present pastor. Rev. George Wells Ely, then a student in the theological seminary at Princeton, was called. He was ordained and installed April 30th, 1878. The most notable revival in this church occurred dur- ing the spring of 1848, when the church was strengthened by the accession of thirty new members upon profession. During the past few years the congregation has repaired the church building, built a comfortable sexton's house and an addition to the parsonage, and otherwise im- proved the church property. The church is in a pros- perous condition. The present membership is 79; that of the Sunday-school, 144. CEMETERY ASSOCIA'J-IGN OF WYOMING. The first interment in the grounds of this association was that of the remains of Mrs. Elizabeth Shoemaker, wife of Isaac C. Shoemaker, occurred in or about 1837. The original ground, containing i:,4oo square feet, on which was a church, was deeded December t2th, 1837, by Jacob I. Shoemaker, sen., for. $50, to the " trustees, elders and pastor of the Presbyterian congregation of Kingston," for the exclusive use of that congregation. This lot was used until 1864 as a public burial ground. June 30th of that year an association with the above title was formed. The grounds were enlarged by lands purchased of Dr. Wertz and George Lazarus. The first trustees under the charter were Isaac S. Shoemaker and John Brees. The first ofificers of the association were: President, Isaac C. Shoemaker; secretary, John Brees; treasurer, Thomas Hutchins. The present officers of the association are: William S. Shoemaker, president; Jacob I. Shoemaker, secretary and treasurer. SECRET SOCIETIES AT WYOMING. lVyo?ning Lodge, No. 468,^. Y.M. was instituted in May, 1870, with the following charter members and offi- cers: H. A. Laycock, W. H.; P. H. Polon, S. W.; S. J. Sharks, secretary; S. R. Shoemaker, J. W.; -Henry Polen, treasurer; R. H. Laycock, Miller Patterson, W. J. Ben- nett, J. J. Breese. The regular communications of this lodge are held in Masonic Hall, on Friday evening on or before full moon in each month. The present membership is 25. The past masters of this lodge have been H. A. Lay- cock, P. H. Polen, S. R. Shoemaker, R. K. Laycock, G. F. Townend, C. B. Baldwin, C. H. Vaughn, G. S. Rich- mond and Walter Bodle. 3°« HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. i The present elective officers of the lodge are: T. H. Alherton, W. M.; R. H. Laycock, S. W.; Thomas Hut- chins, J. W.: G. F. Townend, treasurer; C. H. Vaughn, secretary. May Lodge, No. 767, /. 0. of O. F. was instituted June 26th, 1 87 1. The following were the charter mem- bers, also the officers for the first and second terms : J. A. Shoemaker, scribe; B. Irvine, N. G.; S. R. Shoe- maker, Nelson Hoffman; John Ailing, assistant scribe; Frank Holmes, E. M. Rozell, A. J. Bell, Jacob Bell, Thomas Hutchins, M. Lord; S. D. Robbins, treasurer; John Smith, Stephen Pollock, George Space, I. C. Edwards; D. D. Durland, V. G.; C. De Witt, David Mc- Gennis, J. V. Baker, J. C. Comstock and J. M. Lewis, M. D. The succeeding noble grands of this lodge have been D. D. Durland, J. M. Lewis, M. D., J. V. Baker, J. I. Shoemaker, F. S. Holmes, Thomas Mulchings, J. M. Smith, L. Peterson, N. IT. Mineg;ir, I. C. Edwards, J. S. Ailing, I. H. Schooley, S. R. Shoemaker, J. W. Drake, J.' A. Irwin and P. H. Dailey. The regular meetings of the lodge are held in Hutchins Hall, on Saturday evening of each week. The lodge numbers 25 members. The present elective officers (April, 1880,) are: A. Hoffman, N. G.; H. C. Edwards, V. G. ; D. D. Durland, scribe; J. V. Baker, assistant scribe; J. I. Shoemaker, treasurer. Monument Lodge I^iiights of ILonor, No. 2,130, was organized March 29th, 1880, with 19 charter members. The first officers were: Past dictator, Charles P. Kn'app; dictator, J. I. Shoemaker; vice-dictator, George S. Rich- mond; assistant dictator, R. K. Laycock; reporter, R. E. Hutchins; financial reporter, George H. Barker; treasurer, S. R. Shoemaker; chaplain. Merit Serf; guide. Nelson Huffman; guardian, Robert Smallcomb; sentinel, John Wilde; trustees, R. K. Laycock, George S. Richmond, J. P. Smith; medical examiner, C. P. Knapp, M. D. The lodge meets on Wednesday nights. Manufactories at Wvomino. Wyoming Terra Cotta Works. — These works are located on the north side of the village of Wyoming, beside the track of the D., L. & W. railroad. An association was organized in July, 1874, by Nathan Van Horn, who ob- tained stock to the amount of $18,000 and conducted the business till February ist, 1876, when he sold out to Thomas Hutchins & Son and Calvin Detrick, who be- came the sole owners. In February, 1878, Mr. Detrick sold his interest to William S. Shoemaker, and the firm became Hutchins, Shoemaker & Co., by whom the manu- facture of sewer pipes, fire-brick and chimney tops is now carried on, with a capital of $18,000. There are twelve men employed in the works, who make annually about $20,000 worth of terra cotta ware. The Wyoming Shovel and Edge Tool Manufacturing Company, whose shops are at Wyoming, was organized under the manufacturing laws of Pennsylvania Septem- ber 26th, 1874. It started with a capital of $20,000, increased afterwards to $28,000. Mortgage bonds were issued April 9th, 1877, amounting to $25,000. The managers were Payne Pettebone, Steuben Jen- kins, James P. Atherton, William S. Shoemaker, Thomas Hutchins, John Sharps, James D. Green, George Ricart, and William Allen. The president was Payne Pette- bone, the secretary Steubin Jenkins, and the treasurer Jacob I. Shoemaker. The property has recently been closed out on the mortgage, and is now owned by Payne Pettebone and Robert Treat Pettebone, doing business under the firm name of Payne, Pettebone & Son. Exten- sive improvements have been made in the machinery, dies and patterns, and with the facilities now provided the work of manufacturing is progressing on a largely in- creased scale, under the supervision of a thoroughly ex- perienced foreman, turning out shovels, spades and scoops that will compare favorably with any manufac- tured in the country. This location for manufacturing purposes has the advantage of cheap fuel, cheap. rents and cheap living; and the proprietors may reasonably expect to maintain successful competition in supplying their full share in the market. MILL HOLLOW. The pioneer settler here was Zachariah Hartsive, from New Jersey. He came as early as 1790, and Adam Shafer soon after. A settlement grew up known as " Hartsive Hollow." John Bowman built a blacksmith shop near the creek in 1805, and subsequently put in a trip-hammer, and utilized the water power for doing heavy work. Andrew Raub, from New Jersey, in 181 7 located where Samuel Raub now lives, and built a distillery. About the same time Henry Buckingham built a paper mill farther down the stream. It was subsequently owned by one of the Hollenbacks, who about 1835 leased it to Peter McGuire and James Mather. They continued in the paper business till 1840, when the mill was taken down. About 1835 the Louisa Furnace was built by Jacob Howe and George Little. It was named in honor of Mrs. Louisa Little. It stood a few rods below Wright's grist-mill, and the railroad track now running to Raub's coal breaker crosses its site. The furnace was purchased by Smith Gaylord, who carried on the business a short time. In 1850 it was abandoned and torn down. The ore used was brought from Danville to Wilkes-Barre in boats, thence by wagons to the furnace. David Laphy, the pioneer tailor in Hartsive Hollow, was born here August 19th, 1804, and practiced his trade for thirty years from 1834. He was married February 20th, 1829, to Sarah H. Reese, of Kingston township, and died in Mill Hollovv December 28th, 1879. An oil mill was built by one Hollenback on the site of the present chop mill near their on bridge about 1830. He sold it to John Bartholo- mew, who changed it into a plaster and chop mill, which is now owned and operated by H. N. Schooley. The steam grist-mill now operated by Thomas Wright was built by Samuel Raub, a part of the frame used in the old foundry being used. The old red mill of David Atherholt was built by Judge William Hancock. The 4h -'4¥ EARLY RESIDENTS AT MILL HOLLOW— CHURCH HISTORIES. 309 first building on that site was put up by Reuben Holgate, and used for a carding and fulling mill several years, when it was destroyed by fire. Mr. Holgate soon built another mill, which was subsequently burned, when the property was sold to William Hancock, who built the present flouring and chop mill. The old "white mill" in the upper part of the village, built early in this century, and known for many years as the Hicks mill, is probably the oldest mill on the stream. It is now owned by Raub & Fuller, who purchased it in March, 1880. The post-office was established in May, 1866, when E. W. Abbott, the present postmaster, was appointed, and the name of the place changed from Hartsive Hollow to Mill Hollow. Among the early settlers at Hartsive Hollow was David Lafa, who was born in New Jersey in 1 767, married Miss Ann Reed, located here in 1792 or 1793, and was a hunter and trapper. He was a member of the " Kingston Volun- teers," under Captain Thomas, and a few days before the company was to leave for the frontier he died from injur- ies received on his last bear hunt by falling down a cliff, after which fall, however, he killed a bear and two cubs. The first school-house was built about 1820, on the isl- and where the present school-house has stood for forty years or more. The first resident physician was Dr. W. H. Faulds, who moved here in 1876. In 1856 Jacob Hoover discovered iron ore along the bank of Toby's creek a little above where the toll house now stands, on the lands of Mrs. Brisbin, of Wilkes- Barre. The late Dr. Brisbin opened the mine in 1857, with Mr. Hoover as foreman, and several tons of the ore were sent to Danville, Pa., to be tried in the furnaces there. The mine is not worked. The foundry of Boyd & Engle was built in 1852 by Robinson Boyd, who was a boss moulder in the Louisa furnace and foundry. The oldest house in this village is between the Method- ist and Presbyterian churches. It was built in 1820, by Morris Craner, who occupied it until 1874, when he died. He was a member of the M. E. Church over 30 years, and was a private in Capt. Thomas's company of Kingston volunteers in 181 2. There were at this place in April, 1880, two churches, (Methodist Episcopal and Presbyterian), two school- houses; three collieries — the Hutchinson and East Boston, in the lower part of the village, and Raub's, in the upper part; four stores— Payne & Perrin, Thomas Waddell, Charles Atherholt, and Phineas Watts; a tobacco store, two shoe shops, two blacksmith shops; two hotels— one kept by A. C. Church, and the other by James Williams; four grist mills, two markets, several saloons, a tin shop, the foundry of Boyd & Engle; one physician. Dr. W. H. Faulds; a post-office, and 179 dwellings. MILL HOLLOW METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. A Methodist class as early as 1825 met in the old school-house on the island. The present church building was begun in the fall of 1873, and dedicated July sth, 1874, by Rev. Reuben Nelson, D. D., assisted by Rev. J. Madison, the pastor. The church was built by S. W. Bennett, on contract, and cost nearly $4,000. It has seats for about 400. The lot was donated by Mrs. Sarah Bennett, widow of the late Charles Bennett, of Wilkes- Barre. The trustees at the time of the dedication of the church were John Bartholomew, John Mathers, Joseph Welter, Thomas C. Reese, S. D. Fisk, Charles Lapha, Daniel Harris, George Rice and James Thomas. The present officers are: Stewards, John Thomas, Jesse T. Welter, Thomas Kline, Peter Austin and S. D. Fisk; trustees, John Bartholomew fpresident"), John Mathers (treasurer), AVilliam Mathers (secretary), James Thomas, John Thomas, Calvin Perrin, S. D. Fisk, Charles Lapha and Jesse 1". Welter; class leaders, John Thomas, Thomas Kline and William H. Crocker. The present pastor is John Labar; membership, 75. Mrs. Sarah H. "Laphy, widow of the late David Laphy, is the oldest member of the church now living, having joined the church in 1823. The present Sunday-school organization consists of Peter Austin, superintendent; William H. Crocker, as- sistant superintendent; William Mathers, secretary; J. T. Welter, assistant secretary; S. C. Welter, librarian; Alfred Wolf, assistant librarian; and John Thomas, treasurer. The number of scholars is 187; average at- tendance, 90. BENNETT PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. This congregation first met in the brown school-house, on the Pringle farm, early in 1874, with Rev. A. C. Smith as pastor; and then in the school-house on the island, in which the present church was organized June 6th, 1874, with eleven members dismissed by letter from the Kings- ton Presbyterian church. The church thus formed wor- shiped in Walker's Hall until the basement of the present church edifice was ready for occupancy. The latter build- ing was dedicated September 24th, 1876, by Rev. T. P. Hunt, of Wilkes-Barre, assisted by Rev. E. H. Snowden. 'I'he lot was donated by Mrs Charles Bennett, of Wilkes- Barre. The cost of the building was $6,000. The Sabbath-school numbers about 250 members, and was made up of three small schools. The pastor, Rev. A. C. Smith, is superintendent. LODGES AT MILL HOLLOW. MM Hollow Council, No. 353, Order of United Amer- ican Mechanics was organized in G. F. McGuire's hall, on the I St of September, 1875, with 31 charter members. The first officers were: Councilor, W. T. Bishop; vice- councilor, G. B. Smith; R. S., G. A. Boughtin; F. S., ■ Carles Mathers; treasurer, G. F. McGuire; I., J. J. Lloyd; Ex., John Osborne; I. P., J. C. Updyke; O. P., T. J. Laphy; J. Ex. C, James Washburn; S. Ex. C, J. C. Tur- ner; trustees — J. C. Updyke, John Osborne, James Wash- burn. The present officers are: Councilor, G. F. McGuire; vice-councilor, S. H. Reese; R. S., Charles Mathers; A. R. S., Charles Atherholt; F. S., James Washburn; treas- urer, L. S. Walker; In., Newman Hewitt; Ex., B. F- Williams; I. P., J. L. Simonson; O. P., T. J. Laphy; J. 310 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Ex. C, J. C. Updyke; S. Ex. C, G. A. Boiightin; trustees S. H. Reese, J. C. Updyke, James Washburn. The council meets in G. F. McGuire's hall, on every Wednesday evening. It now has 51 members in good standing. Walnut Lodge, No. 953, /. O. of O. F. was instituted March 28th, 187S, with the following.,' members: John Bartholomew, N. G.; William Moses, V. G.; John Hill, James E. Williams, Amos T. Poole, James Boyd; Calvin Perrin, scribe; Charles J. Perrin, C. H. Hagaman, E. C. Stanley, Lyman Harris, P. A. Watt, S. A. Morton; Wil- liam Courtright, treasurer; David Shippe, Coray Mathers, P. M. Austin, Thomas Appleton, George W. Rice, W. H. Faulds, A. S., and Robert Clayton. The succeeding presiding officers of the lodge have been William Moses, Charles J. Perrin, Robert Perrin and P. M. Austin. The lodge had in March, 1880, a membership of 46. Its meetings are held each week in Bonhara Hall. The present officers are: Noble grand, P. M. Austin; vice-grand, Henry Badder; scribe, David Shippe; assis- tant scribe, William Moses; treasurer, William Court- right. Neplw Lodge, No. 1,293, /. O. of G. 11 was instituted May ist, 1878, with 32 charter members. The original officers were: W. C. T., William F. King; W. V. T., Ten- nie M. Smith; W. C, Alexander C. Smith; W. S., W. P. Fisher; W. A. S., Lizzie M. Bowman; W. F. S., John J. Lloyd; W. T., Lazarus S. Walker; W. M., John H. Smith; W. D. M., Anna D. Foster; W. I. G., John J. Morgan; W. O. G., Anthony O'Brien; W. R. H. S., Bessie B. Mc- Collum; W. E. H. S., Lizzie Clark; P. W. C. T., T. A. Houser. The regular meetings are held on Tuesday evening of each week, in Good Templar Hall, corner of Perrin and Payne streets. The past worthy chiefs have been: Charles Perrin, two terms; A. W, Houser, one term; L. N Willis, three terms. The present officers are: W. C. T., Ziba Martin; W.V. T., Mrs. D. C. Edwards; W. E., E. W. Abbott; W. T., Miss Mary E. Moses; W. C, S. A. Edwards; W. P. C." L. N. Willis; W. T. S., Thomas Boyd; W. M., C. Covert' Luzerne Lodgi, No. 1,913, Knights of LTonor was organ- ized December 6th, 1879, with 21 charter members. The following were the original officers: Dictator, Thomas Wright; vice-dictator, James Waddell; assistant dictator, William Courtright; past dictator, John Parry; reporter, A. C. Church; financial reporter, Calvin .Perrin,' jr. The officers for 1880 were the same as the first board, with the addition of AVilliam Moses for treasun-r FORTY FORT. This village bears the name of the historic old fortress from which the patriot band marched on the morning of the fatal 3d of July, 1778, to meet the invading foe. As near as can be ascertained, by digging down and finding the charred remains of the old stockade, the fort was a rectangle, eighty by two hundred and twenty-five feet The south line ran through the center of the site of the old house built by William Culver in 18 15. The house stands on the north side of the road leading down to the ferry. The present highway, or " Forty Fort " road, as it is locally known, runs diagonally through the site of the old fort. At the centennial of the Wyoming massacre, celebrated on these grounds in July, 1878, Mr. M. Marshall contributed the large cedar flag staff now stand- ing near where is supposed to have been the center of the fort. There was also presented a national flag, upon which was painted the following inscription: "Presented by the lady descendants, living in Wilkes-Barre, of Anderson Dana, Esq. The centennial anniversary of the battle and massacre of Wyoming, Forty Fort, 1878." Mrs. David Culver is the custodian of the flag, which is of English bunting and of the regulation size. The old log house in which the articles of capitulation for the sur- render of the fort were signed is still standing, adjoining the house occupied by Gordon Shook. The old Shoemaker store is now kept by John Batter- ton. The old 'Forty Fort tavern, the south wing of which was built in 1812, is now kept by Fuller Reese, and the store opposite, that of Crandall Major, is of more recent date. Samuel Pugh's grocery is one of the old buildings of the place. The old ferry way, at the south of the cemetery, which was used by the early settlers, has long since been abandoned, and the ferry from Forty Fort to Port Bowkley, in Plains township, is owned and operated by David Culver. Hon. John B. Smith's church, built for the " Christian," is now occupied by the Methodist Episcopal society. This was probably the first settlement in the township of Kingston. There are at this place the old church, built in i8o6 by the Methodists and Presbyterians; the Forty Fort Hotel, two stores and a grocery, a rope ferry owned and operated by David Culver, Hon. John B. Snuth's church, a school-house, two resident ministers (Revs. E. Hazard Snowden and Henry Hunton Welles), the parsonage of the Forty Fort and Mill Hollow M. E. society, blacksmith, shoe, tailor and millinery shops and a population of about 500. FORTY FORT CEMETERY ASSOCIATION. This association was organized and chartered March Cth, i860. The trustees were Steuben Tenkins, William Swetland, Thomas P. Hunt, Hiram Denison, Charles D. Shoemaker, Charles Dorrance and William G. Case. William Swetland was chosen president, and Henry Woodhouse secretary and treasurer. The grounds, of about five acres, formerly under control of the agents of the proprietors of the township of Kingston, were by them deeded to this association, and were suveyed into bunal lots in July, 1861, by J. Allebach. In 1876 about four acres adjoining on the north were bought and sur- veyed by Irving A. Stevens. The present directors of the association are Payne Pettebone, L. D. Shoemaker, Steuben Jenkins, Frank Helm, Lawrence Myers, George Shoemaker and A. J. RESIDENCE OT WG PAYKJ E , KINGSTON , LUZERNE CO , PA ^ ^ -Ml RESIDENCE QT W^ LOVELAND, KINGSTON, LUZERNE CO, PA. 4=^ ^= 41 BUSINESS HISTORY OF TRUXVILLE— CARVERTON M. E. CHURCH. 311 Pringle; president, Payne Pettebone; secretary, Steuben Jenkins; treasurer, A. J. Pringle. TRUXVILLE. Truxville was settled about 1809 or 1810, by David Trux, who bought a large tract of land and built the first house at this place. In 1814 Jacob Rice, from New Jersey, bought 600 acres of land of Mr. Trux, upon which Truxville is situated. The same year he built a grist-mill, on the site of Isaac Rice's mill, and he also built a saw-mill a short distance below. In 1822 William C. Hagaman engaged in the tailoring business. The pioneer blacksmith was Albert Skeer, who came in 1826. The Methodist Episcopal church was built in 1844, and cost about $1,500, which was raised by subscription, Jacob Rice donating the church lot and $100 in cash towards the enterprise. This church became part of the Carverton circuit in 1858; it then had 45 members, and William Booth was class leader. The first school-house was built in 1825 on the site of the present one. In 1825 Mr. Rice built the pioneer store; it was burned and he built on the same site the present one, now oc- cupied by J. P. Rice, who formerly kept a store in the house now occupied by Mr. Harder. Isaac Rice was in trade at the same time in the old store where J. P. Rice now is. In 1830 Jacob Rice, Esq., , built a chop and plaster-mill, now owned by Henry M. Hagaman. About 1836 Levi C. Rice had a turning lathe in the old chop and plaster-mill, for the manufacture of broom handles, chair stuff, &c. In 1833 Isaac Rice built a small tannery on the lot now owned by H. M. Hagaman. The business was abandoned in a few years, and the tannery went to decay. In 1827 J. P. Rice and Mr. Kirkendall built a .small cloth-mill between the grist-mill and the chop-mill, which in a few years went to decay. The lot is now owned by H. M. Hagaman. In 1830 the old grist-mill was sold to James Sitgreaves, who used it. as a distillery and a dwelling a number of years. In 1833 J. P. Rice built another cloth-mill farther down the stream, which is now William L. Rice's woolen factory. Dr. J. R. Lewis has lived at Truxville since 1833. In 1835 J. P. Rice built a saw-mill about a mile above Truxville, on Toby's creek. It is now owned and operated by Ziba and George Rice. The "Ice Cave" Hotel, about a mile below the village, was built in 1867, by Daniel Harris, for a dwelling, and subsequently sold to Mr. Harder, who converted it into a hotel. The property is now owned by Dr. Throop, of Scranton. It is a pleasant summer resort. At present there are at Truxville a church (M. E.), a school-house, a woolen factory, a wagon and blacksmith shop, the store of J. P. Rice, and the stone quarry of Dr. J. R. Lewis. The population is about 400. Carverton Circuit. Carverton circuit has an area of about 100 square miles, and comprises the Carverton, Truxville, Mt. Zion, (Exeter) and Dallas churches and two detached classes. The circuit was formerly connected with Northmoreland and Lehman. It was organized as it now exists in 1858, and comprises six appointments. Rev. John La Bar was the first pastor and remained two years. The following have been the succeeding pastors: C. L. Rice, one year; W. Munger, two years; Y. C. Smith, one year; A. J. Van Cleft, two years; John La Bar, three years; Joseph Madison, three years; Isaac Austin, three years; Stephen Elwell, three years; F. A. King, the present pastor, on his third year. The following was the board of stewards in 1858: John P. Rice, William C. Roushey, Jacob Rice, jr., George Frantz, Samuel Durland, Evi D. Wilson, Levi C. Lewis, R. Ryman, Chester Harris. The following have been local preachers: Abram ^handler, J. P. Rice, Elisha Harris, Daniel Harris. The Mount Zion M. E. church, built in 1852, is in Exeter township. It had at the time it became con- nected with Carverton circuit 80 members. George Holmes was then class leader. Dallas M. E. church was built in 1854. It is located in the borough of Dallas. It had in 1858 80 members. Jacob Rice, jr., was then class leader. Carverton M. E. church, which was built in 1854, is in Carverton. It had. in 1858 42 members. James Eaton was then class leader. Harris class meets in aschool-house in the Harris neigh- borhood, Kingston township. It had in 1858 ig mem- bers. Hiram Harris was class leader. Demond class meets in a school-house in Dallas. It was organized in i860, with 24 members. R. Ryman was class leader. The membership of these appointments all told is now 305. The four churches mentioned are valued each at $1,500. There is a Sabbath-school at each appointment, and they all flourish well during the summer; but, because of the bad roads, making it inconvenient for the children to attend from the distances at which they live, they sus- pend during the winter; except those at Dallas and Truxville, where they are maintained during the entire year. The number of officers and teachers in all the Sunday-schools on the circuit is 38; number of schol- ars, 291. The M. E. parsonage at Carverton was built in i860. The first minister who occupied it was Rev. C. L. Rice. It is valued at ; KIiNGSTON BOROUGH. FEW brief paragraphs, beginning with 1857, when the village was incorporated, would compass its history as a borough. Its early history, however, beginning with 1769, is rich in incidents connected with the first settlement of this territory by the colonists under the pat- ronage of the Susquehanna Company and the State of Connecticut. H^ 312 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. It is not now certainly known who was the first settler at the village of Kingston, but one of the first settlers of the township in 1769 settled within the limits of the bor- ough, namely, James Atherton, who, with his sons James Atherton, jr., Asahel and Elisha Atherton, built the first log house, nearly opposite the site of the old academy, on Main street. There the father resided to the time of his death, in 1790. His son Elisha occupied the old home- stead until 1817, when he died. The old log cabin then disappeared. This portion of the township was the last to be occu- pied by the settlers from abroad, and up to 1803 there were but three houses between those of James Atherton and Lawrence Myers, the latter at the corner where now stands the store of Abram Goodwin. Previous to 1796 there was a small one-story house directly opposite the present residence of Abram Reynolds, Esq. It was painted red, and for many years was occupied by Epaph- ras Thompson, a silversmith and a Baptist of the hard- shell order. He left here about 1818, and the house dis- appeared about 1835. It was the first frame house built within the limits of the borough. Up to 1818 the old township line road was the only avenue to Wilkes-Barre; it was reached by the extension of the Main Kingston road, 99 feet wide, and was then known as the Wilkes-Barre and Blind Town road, as it led from the ferry opposite the foot of Northampton street, Wilkes-Barre, to Blind Town, separating the town- ships of Kingston and Plymouth. Near the point of in- tersection of these roads was a swing gate across the Blind Town road. There were no fences at that day on these extensive bottom lands to protect the crops from trespassing cattle, and every person passing was enjoined by stringent laws, with heavy penalties, to close the gate after him. This gate was maintained from 1770 up to the time of building the Wilkes-Barre bridge and the opening of the present avenue from the bridge to Kings- ton, in 1818, when the old road from Eleazer Loveland's to the ferry was vacated, the old gate was unhung, and owners of lands had to build fences for the protection of their crops. The road leading from Goodwin's corner to the Blind Town road, at the old Eleazer Loveland place, was not laid out in the original survey of the township, but was opened by Esquire Myers and Hallett Gallop, through their own lands, on the completion of the bridge in 1818. William Gallop built the first house (of logs) on the site where now stands the residence of the late Giles Slo- cum. At the junction of the new road given by Myers and Gallop with the Blind Town road, on the Plymouth side, was a small log house as late as 1802. From this point to where the railroad now crosses the Blind Town road there was but a single residence, which was occupied by Darius Williams. On the Kingston side of the Blind Town road there was not a residence up to 1796 between the Myers and Gallop road and Toby's creek, where Peter Grubb had a grist-mill and a saw-mill and lived on the site of the Kingston Coal Company's shaft No. i from 1790 to 1807. The mills subsequently became the property of Thomas Borbridge, who took them down in 1826. These were the only grist or saw-mills ever built with the limits of the borough of Kingston. On the triangle, in the rear of the old stone house, at quite an early day were a small tannery, a shop, and a dwelling house. The date of their erection is unknown, but in 1815 the property came into the possession of General Samuel Thomas, and he built thereon a frame dwelling, which is now standing. Here he kept his justice's office from March 20th, 1816, till his removal to Illinois, when he sold the property to Ziba Hoyt. In this house Governor Henry M. Hoyt was born. In 1817 Levi Hoyt built his house on the triangle, a short dis- tance southwest from his brother's. This house is also still standing. The old homestead of Lawrence Myers (of hewn logs) was probably built as early as 1787 by his predecessor. Lawrence Myers was appointed a justice of the peace July 7th, 1790. In this log house he held his courts and continued to dispense justice to the liti- gants of Kingston up to the time of his death in 1810. He was succeeded by Stephen Hollister, who left the township in 1816. The latter was followed by Samuel Thomas, and he by Sharp D. Lewis, who retired about 1840. Henry Buckingham, from Connecticut, opened the first store, where Jacob Sharps now lives, and in or about 1804 he built a dwelling and store on the lot now owned and occupied by Abram Reynolds, east of McPike's Hotel. Here he did business till 1821, and after him Thomas Borbridge, from Philadelphia, several years. William C. Reynolds was then the merchant here until his death. In 1807 or 1808 Sidney Tracey opened a short-lived store in the Giles Slocum house. In 181 1 Elias Hoyt & Thomas Bartlett opened a store on Main street, a short distance above the Exchange Hotel; and in 1818 Hoyt built and for many years occupied the store now occupied by Laycock & Pringle. A. O. Chahoon and one Lanning succeeded Hoyt & Bartlett. Goods were brought from Philadelphia and New York on the old-fashioned Cones- toga wagons, each drawn by lour, five or six horses. Der- rick Bird, Joshua Pettebone and John Shafer were among the old pioneer teamsters. James Barnes had a little book store connected with his other business about 1820. He owned all the land from Toby's eddy to Larksville, which is now worth millions of dollars. Tradition tells us that at the time of the Wyoming mas- sacre a man by the name of Tracey kept a tavern near the corner where now stands Mr. Pike's Hotel. He was both schoolmaster and poet. He was the author of the ballad entitled " The Massacre of Wyoming." In 1804 John Ebeit began building the present Exchange Hotel. He left the country in 1807, and James Wheeler built and finished the house, and kept it until 1809 or 1810. Naph- tali Hurlbut then occupied the house several years. His successor5 were Archippus Parrish and Oliver Helm. Wil- liam Johnson, John Sax and Frank Helm have also kept the old tavern, which was a popular resort for all the old settlers. Elnathan Wilson, about 1820, opened a tavern ^mAj Eh «^' ^ ^&''' J. o ^m^ < p^ 1^^' c h ^^p#' z W' z o Kf W R ^ o p^ < ti^ 4- RELICS OF THE PAST AT KINGSTON— WYOMING CONFERENCE SEMINARY. 313 where McPike's Hotel now stands, and the building was occupied subsequently by Thomas Myers & Co. as a store. About 1808 or 1810 there was a distillery, built of logs, standing opposite the old Exchange, on Main street, where whiskey was manufactured from potatoes. It was aptly called the " Devil's Hog Pen." Dr. Asa C. Whitney was the first resident physician. He married a Miss Inman, and lived where Mrs. Samuel Hoyt now lives. He died in 1824, and was succeeded by Dr. Joseph Wright, who in 1830 was commissioned a surgeon in the regular army. With the bounty of the Susquehanna Company, and private subscriptions, schools were kept up until 1833, when the present common school system was inaugurated. In 181 2 the people here built the Kingston Academy. The first teachers in order were Thomas Bartlett, John Bennett, a Mr. Seivers and a Mr. Bissell, who was after- ward governor of Illinois. At one time the late Judge Ketchum was principal. Several of the old Kingston homesteads date back to quite a remote age. The "stone house" was built in 1818 for a store and dwelling by James Barnes, on land belonging to Lawrence Myers, and was known as " Myers's cocked hat,'' from the peculiar three-cornered shape of the lot. It was subsequently occupied by Thomas Bor- bridge, Thomas Myers and others. The lower part of this house was once used as a foundry, and subsequently reconverted into a dwelling, and the building is now used as a store, justice's office and dwelling. There are at least three "old Hoyt" houses. The one on "Goose island," standing on the extension of Main street, west from Railroad avenue, is the ancestral home of Governor Hoyt. Another is on the road lead- ing to Forty Fort, and the other is on the Plymouth road, west of Goodwin's store. The old Loveland house has been modernized, but the old frame stands yet, at the intersection of the old Myers and Gallup, or Plymouth road and the Blind Town road, and it is now owned by William Loveland. The cemetery known as "the old burying ground," on what was formerly known as the William Gallup farm, lot No. 2, was the first in the borough. The first inter- ment was of the remains of Nathaniel Gates, who came from Connecticut with the pioneer settlers, and died November 7th, 1793, aged 37 years. The ground is neg- lected and many of the bodies have been removed. A few of the remaining tomb stones are still standing, to mark the last resting place of sorpe of the pioneers of this borough. Among the inscriptions we find the following: Eunice, wife of Aaron Dean, died November 8th, 1795. Elizabeth Grub, died July 28th, 1796. Peter Grub, Esq., died July 23d, 1807. William Gallup, died April 8th, 1803, aged 79. Judith, wife of William Gallup, died January ist, 1815, aged 81. Betsey, wife of Peter Clark, died January 2Sth, 1807. Hallet Gallup, died October sth, 1804. Mary, wife of Hallet Gallup, died October 6th, 1804. Israel Skeer, died Oc- tober 14th, 1804. Hannah, wife of Aseph Jones, born in 1772, died in 1864. Wyoming Seminary. This well known and justly popular institution of learn- ing, located in the classic valley of Wyoming, has a history well worthy of note. The friends of education in the old Oneida M. E. con- ference, after establishing on a broad and permanent basis a seminary at Cazenovia, N. Y., in the northern por- tion of their territory, determinedly entertained the pro- ject, over thirty years ago, of providing for the increas- ing educational demands of the southern portion of the work. With a commendable foresight they devised measures for the erection of an institution of learning in northeastern Pennsylvania. At the session of the Oneida Conference held in Wilkes-Barre August gth, 1843, the matter was fully discussed, and the necessary preliminary steps taken by the appointment of David Holmes, jr., Lucian S. Bennett, Thomas Myers, Mad- ison F. Myers, Lord Butler, Sharp D. Lewis and Silas Comfort as " trustees of a contemplated seminary of learning, to be located either in Wilkes-Barre or Kings- ton," according to the amount of subscription obtained in each place within a given time. Kingston, providing the largest subscription, was the chosen locality. Ai: the first meeting of the board of trustees David Holmes was elected president, Silas Comfort secretary, and Madison F. Myers treasurer. The first building, a brick structure of three stories, 37 by 70, was erected and opened for students in 1844. The size of the chapel was 24 by 29; rec- itation room, 13 by 29, and room for primary department, 20 by 29, with some twenty rooms in all for students; cost of the building, about $5,000. Such was th.e beginning of this educational enterprise — one building, two teachers and fifty scholars. The trustees secured as their first prin- cipal Rev. Reuben Nelson, A. M., then a young man, but who afterward abundantly demonstrated his fitness to inaugurate and carry forward such an enterprise to a successful consummation. Under such leadership, seconded by the energetic co-operation of a noble-minded and self-denying board of trustees and a corps of effic- ient teachers, the institution attained a popularity and influence second to none of its class in the land. ■ In half a dozen years after the erection of the first edifice, such was the patronage obtained that, an addi- tional building was demanded. In the spirit of an un- selfish liberality, the late William Swetland volunteered to erect the projected additional building at his own ex- pense. The second building was named by the trustees Swetland Hall, in memory of the respected donor. At the same time Hon. Ziba Bennett contributed $1,000 as a foundation for a library. This was thereafter called, in honor of the giver, the Bennett Library. In the early spring of 1853 additional facilities were deemed essential, and the building of a wing or wings to the main building was contemplated, with a vievv to afford accommodation to a larger number of students. On the 15th of March, 1853, the seminary buildings were burned down. While the brick and stone and ashes were yet warm the trustees, with undaunted heroism, in their =^^ meeting on the day of the fire resolved that a com- mittee of three be appointed to draw plans and speci- fications for the rebuilding of the seminary. This showed the stuff these men were made of. Again did the tried friend of the cause, William Swetland, come to the rescue, and he nobly undertook, at his own ex- pense, the work of rebuilding and enlarging Swetland Hall. Through the liberality of P. Pettebone, George Swetland, A. Y. Smith, and Isaac C. Shoemaker, a third building was erected about the same time, to which the name Union Hall was given. Thus, through fire and disas- ter, larger and better buildings were erected, and the three blocks, " Wyoming Seminary " in the center, with " Swetland Hall " on the left, and " Union Hall " on the right, stood a noble monument of the energy and liberality of the men of Wyoming valley. In a few years afterwards the ladies' boarding hall was destroyed by fire. Then a fierce tornado swept over the place and unroofed the building. Then a flood did more or less damage to the seminary property. Yet with heroic spirit the board of trustees measured up to every exigency, so that repeated difficulties have been overcome, financial embarrassments removed, and the whole machinery kept moving without intermission and without a jar. The civil war seemed for a brief period to interfere with the wonted success of the institution. Yet even with this temporary drawback the trustees projected other plans for the success of the school. A commercial department was added in 1863; Professor W. S. Smyth, afterward principal of Cazenovia Seminary, was secured to take charge of the commercial college, and under his efficient supervision it proved a decided success. Pro- fessor L. L. Sprague has been the head of this depart- ment for seven years, and under his management it has developed into an institution equal to the best schools of the kind in the country. At the close of the war it was found that the enlarge- ment of the seminary was absolutely required. The three buildings had already been united by the addition of wings, yet this did not meet the demand for room. In the year 1866, the centennial of American Methodism, it was determined to erect a memorial building, to be named " Centenary Hall." This was commenced in 1867 and completed in 1868, at a cost of about $25,000. The buildings are all under one roof, three and four stories high, with 350 feet frontage. The edifice, as a whole, is an ornament to the valley, and an honor to the country and the church. There are ample accommodations for 17s boarding students and 250 day scholars. At the general conference of the M. E. church held in Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1872, Rev. Dr. Nelson, after serving as principal for a period of nearly thirty years, during which time he developed his skill as an educator and financier, was elected,senior book agent at New York, and resigned his position as principal. He was succeeded by Rev. D. Copeland, A. M., Ph. D., president of the Fe- male College of Hillsboro, Ohio, a gentleman whose lit- erary tastes and attainments, acknowledged abilities and extended experience as an educator, render him pre-emi- nently fitted for the important and responsible position of principal of an institution of this grade. Never was the institution more successful. The course of study is most thorough and elevated. The curriculum will compare favorably with that of the highest institutions of its class. Notwithstanding the depressing influence of monetary panics, and the business derangement arising from the recent general suspension in the anthracite regions, this time honored and deservedly popular institution receives its full share of patronage, and under its present efficient management is destined to exert a still more potent in- fluence in the education of the youth of our land. The system of instruction adopted is thorough, and designed to prepare the students for the active duties of life, or for a course of professional or collegiate study. There are nine departments of study provided, and eight courses of study are arranged in order to meet the various wants of students: The common English course, course in literature and science, classical course, college preparatory course, musical course vocal and instrumental, and com- mercial course. As an evidence of the high grade of scholarship of young men prepared here for college, to- day they stand among the first at the best colleges in the country. Many leading men now distinguished in church and State have been educated in this seminary, including Hon. W. W. Ketcham, Governor H. M. Hoyt, Hon. H. W. Palmer and Hon. H. B, Payne, Rev. L. C. Floyd and Rev. P. Krohn, and that fine pulpit orator Rev. W. P. Abbott, now of New York. The faculty of the institution is as follows- Rev. David Copeland, Ph. D., D. D., principal, intel- lectual and moral science. Ellen R. Martin, A. M., lady principal, belles lettres. Rev. Levi L. Sprague, principal of commercial college and lecturer on commercial law. Rufus B. Howland, B. C. E., mathematics and natural science. Rev. Cyrus C. Lovejoy, A. M., ancient languages. Hugo V. Stadler, instrumental and vocal music. Wilhs L. Dean, plain and ornamental penmanship, book-keeping and telegraphy. Sarah M. Soule, English branches. Rev. Henry Wheeler, lecturer on commercial ethics. R. H. Tubbs, M. D., and P. B. Cook, M. D., lecturers on health. Rufus B. Howland, librarian. Competent teachers in art and modern languages will also be provided. Municipal History. The borough of Kingston was established November 23d, 1857. The petition to the Court of Luzerne county for the creation of a borough was signed by the fol- lowing: llobovt H. Tul)bs, V. Hclmc, Rcubon Jones, Thomas Pringle, Rioliavd Hutohins, William N. Raymond, A. H. Reynolds, Reuben Marcy, A C Churoli, VCillimn C. Morris, M. G. Whitney, George E. Hoyt, Abram Nes- bitt, William Pcrig-o, P. M. Goodwin, Abram Goodwin, jr., Abram Good- win, Tliomas Myers, Francis A. Page, Anson Atherton, Isaac Tripp M <)* /X . JVt/.'JLj^^''^ *^ ^= KINGSTON BOROUGH. OFFICERS— BUSINESS CONCERNS— M. E. CHURCH. 31S F. Myers, H. S. Butler, George Senly, Thomas Somers, Cliarles Kaymond, F. C. 'Woodhouse, H. C. Silkman, R. Nelson, Sam Griffln, William Love- land, Z. B. Hoyt, Thomas Slocum, Albert Skeer, H. M. Hoyt, Samuel Hoyt, Bester Payne, B. H. Little, Conkling Bobbins, Ira W. Dilloy, Thomas Fender, James Grenaivalt, John Keller, William C. Reynolds, E. W. Reynolds and Joshua Belding. The court appointed the first election " at the house of Thomas Wambold," on the 15th of December, 1857, be- tween the hours of one and six o'clock, and named Ira Carl as judge, and Reuben Marcy and Abram Nesbitt inspectors of the election. On the day indicated the following officers were elected: Burgess, Reuben Jones; town council, Bestor Payne, Marshal G. Whitney, Reuben Marcy, Thomas Pringle and Richard Hutchins; high constable, Edward A. Pringle. At a meeting of the town council held December 22nd, 1857, Thomas Pringle was chosen president, and Abram Nesbitt secretary. At a meeting of the council, July loth, 1858, C. W. Boughtin, John Remell and John Jackson were appointed policemen. The burgesses of the borough have been as follows: From December, 1857, to March, i860, Reuben Jones; i86o, 1865, 1869, 1872, 1874, 1877, 1879, 1880, Ira Carl; 1866-68, Reuben Jones; 1873, Henry Van Scoy; 1878, C. W. Boone. The town council for 1880 consisted of John Hoyt (president), Charles Graham, Abraiii Nesbitt, Bowen Baldwin, John Pettebone, Henry Van Scoy and E. J. Davis (clerk). The following are the names and years of election of the justices of the peace for Kingston borough: Reuben Jones, 1858, 1862, 1867, 1872; Zebulon B. Hoyt, 1858; Alfred Daste, jr., 1866, 187 1; Ira Carle, 1875; C. W. Boone, 1877. The Village in 1880. The business interests of the borough are in the hands of comparatively few persons. There are two churches, Methodist Episcopal and Presbyterian. Here is located the Wyoming (M. E.) Conference Seminary, and there are three district school-houses with four schools. Mer- cantile business is carried on by Edwards & Co., C. P. Dodson & Co., and R. H. Dodson & Brother, on Rail- road avenue; Laycock & Pringle, on Main street; J. C. Hutchinson, on the Blind Town road; and Hayward, on Page street. The large three-story brick store, on Main street, occupied by C. P. Dodson & Co. was built in 1873, and that of Edwards & Co. in 1876. The druggists of the borough are A. Goodwin, Main street and Railroad avenue; R. H. Tubbs, Main street; and Evans & Son, Railroad avenue. The hardware merchants are A. J. Root and H. F. Johnson, Main street; and B. B. Root Chestnut street. The merchant tailors are Christian Bach, on Main street, and T. Somers, on Railroad avenue. Mrs. C. A. Wambold is engaged in the cabinet and upholstering business, and the harness business is carried on by George F. Kutz, on Main street, and Charles Turpiri, on Railroad avenue. The blacksmiths are Jacobs & Van Horn, and C. W. Boughtin, Main street, opposite McPike's Hotel. The boot and shoe business is conducted by Joel Walp, on the west side of Railroad avenue. The marble works on Main street are owned and operated by Chandler & Pringle. The steam planing mill and lumber yard on Railroad avenue is owned and operated by John Keller. The hotels are McPike's, at the corner of Main street and Railroad avenue, built in 1878, of brick; the Kingston House, kept by P. Wolcott, near the railroad depot; and the Exchange Hotel, on Main street. Shops of the D., L. & W. railroad are lo- cated here, with Charles Graham as superintendent. They employ on an average 220 men annually. The popuation of the borough is 1,426. CHURCHES OF KINGSTON BOROUGH. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. In 1788, four years after the Methodist denomination was regularly organized in the United States, Rev. Anning Owen, the pioneer Methodist preacher, organized the first "class" at Rose Hill. Occasional lectures and sermons by Methodist itinerants were had until the beginning of the century, among the preachers being Revs. Valentine Cook, Alward White, Marmaduke Pearce and Elias Bowen. From 1800 to 1840 Kingston was included in a "circuit," and was served from year to year by regularly appointed preachers, the place of meet- ing being a small building erected for the purpose on what was known as Plymouth street. Among the min- isters during these forty years were Revs. H. T. Rowe, King Elwell, A. J. Crandall, George H. Blakeslee, F. H. Stanton, E. Owen, V. Coryell, and William Rounds. In 1840 Rev. John B. Benham was appointed. Dur- ing his pastorate, in 1841, the society erected its first church edifice very near the site of the present one. The stockholders unanimously chose as building commit- tee Madison F. Meyers, Thomas Pringle, and William Hancock. The corner stone was laid in July. The edifice was built by R. Marcy, Esq., was 50 feet long and 36 feet wide, and cost $2,300; the entire expense being covered by subscription, with no debt. From this time the growth of the society was constant. The following named ministers served the society, as nearly as can be ascer- tained: 1840, 1841, Join B. Benham; 1842, 1843, L. S. Bennett and William Rc-.!dy; 1844, George H. Blakeslee; 1845, 1846, P. G. White; 1847, Thomas Pearne; 1848, P. Worden. In 1848, during the pastorate of Mr. Worden the so- ciety was legally incorported. The incorporation act bears date April 3d, 1848, and is signed by Henry W Boughton, Thomas Pringle, Bester Payne, William Han- cock and Madison F. Myers. From 1849 to 1876 the fol- lowing ministers served the society: 1849, E. P.Williams; 1850, H. R. Clark; 1851, Asel Bronson; 1852,0. H. Har- vey; 1853, T. D. Walker; 1854, C. W. Giddings; 1855, S. S. Kennedy; 1856, W. W. Welsh; 1857, J. J. Pearce; 1858, C. Perkins; 1859, Asa Brooks; i860, 1861, Wil- iam J. Judd; 1862, 1863, L. Cole; 1864-66, Byron D. Sturtevant. During the pastorate of Rev. Mr. Sturtevant the church edifice was enlarged by the addition of twenty-seven feet to the rear, making it seventy-seven feet by thirty-six feet. It was also remodeled inside. =4* ^h 316 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Iiom 1866 to 1872 the following clergymen served as pastors: 1867-69, Ira T. Walker; 1870-72, George R. Hair. February roth, 1872, the church was burned. With commendable promptness and zeal the society began to agitate the project of a new edifice, and meanwhile wor- shiped in the seminary chapel. The project was favor- ably received, and this effort resulted in the immediate erection of the present elegant building, with a seating capacity of 800, at a cost of $58,000. The building com- mittee consisted of Alexander J. Pringle and Abram Nes- bitt. . The service of dedication was conducted by Rev. William Penn Abbott, D. D., of New York city, and Rev. B. I. Ives, D. D., of Auburn, N. Y. At this service a large proportion of the expense of building was sub- scribed by the people. A large and handsome parsonage on the same lot was built about the same time, at an ex- jjense of $6,000. From 1872 to 1880 the society was served by the following named clergymen: 1873, H. V. Talbott; 1874, 1875, Philip Krohn; 1876-78, Henry Wheeler; 1879, 1880, O. W. Scott. At the Wyoming Conference of 1879 the following sta- tistics of the Kingston society were reported: Members, 270; probationers, 37; members of Sunday-school, 211; collected for the benevolent work of the denomination, $356; preacher's support, $1,300 and parsonage. During a greater part of the history of the society a Sunday-school has been maintained. Madison F. Myers was the first superintendent; P. M. Carhart has served in this capacity for the last six years. The ladies of the church maintain an "Aid Society," which has the following officers: President, Mrs. L. L. Sprague; vice-presidents, Mrs. Rev. O. W. Scott, Mrs. John Van Loon; secretary, Mrs. George K. Powell; treasurer, Miss Martha Locke. This society is very ac- tive in raising funds to assist in church work. There is also a ladies' missionary society here, auxiliary to the Women's Foreign Missionary Society of the M. E. denomination. The officers are: President, Mrs. Rev. O. W. Scott; vice-president, Mrs. A. Safford; secretary, Mrs. C. C. Lovejoy; treasurer, Mrs. John Van Loon. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF KINGSTON. The Church of Christ of Wilkes-Barre and Kingston, a Congregational church from which sprung the Presby- terian churches of Wilkes-Barre and Kingston, included in its membership a number of people living on the west- erly side of the Suquehanna. In 1818, through the preaching of two missionaries — Rev. Eleazer Barrows and Rev. Hutchins Taylor — a revival of religion was had re- . suiting in the conversion of many people, chiefly in the township of Kingston. The members living in Kingston were given a separate organization by a council of min- isters at the house of Daniel Hoyt March 2nd, 1819. The original members were twenty-four in number, of whom twenty were received on certificates of dismission from the church of Wilkes-Barre and Kingston, viz.: Mary R., Daniel, Abel, Sylinna and Rucy Hoyt, Nehe- miah and Betsey Ide, Henry and Harriet Buckingham, Asa C. Whitney, Elijah Loveland, William and Salome Ticknor, John Huff, John Gore, Nancy Dorrance, Cla- rissa Brown, Abigail and Silas H. Orcutt and Sybil Wheeler; the remaining four being received on profession of faith, viz., Ebenezer Brown, Hannah Hughes, Lucy Smith, Parthena Gordon. The church elected Daniel Hoyt and William Ticknor deacons, Daniel Hoyt moderator and Henry Bucking- ham clerk. It was incorporated on the 23d of March, 1819, under the name of the "Presbyterian Congregation of Kingston," making it the first distinctively Presbyterian congregation established in Luzerne county. Notwith- standing its name, however, and the fact that it sent a delegate regularly to the meetings of the Susquehanna Presbytery — deacon Daniel Hoyt being the first one sent — the church continued to be Congregational in its government until the 6tli of July, 1823, when John Gore, Henry Hise, Abel Hoyt, George Albright and Elijah Loveland were duly set apart to the ofifice of ruling elder; and from that time the church has been Presbyterian in government as well as doctrine. The Kingston church in its early days was a mission church, occupying the territory from Plymouth to Exeter and as far back as Lehman and Bowman's Creek, where lived some of its members. Until 1842 it held its meet- ings in different places, often at the house of Daniel Hoyt, on the corner of Main and Pringle streets, also at the academy, which was located on Main street near the present residence of Mrs. Elijah Reynolds. Some- times they are held at the old Forty Fort church, and sometimes in the village of Wyoming, at a small meeting house erected by Jacob Shoemaker on a lot now included in the cemetery at that place. In 1841 the congregation fixed upon a spot on the main road near the northern line of the present borough of Kingston, where they erected a tasty frame church capable of seating about 300 people, and costing about $2,500, which they dedicated on the 13th of November, 1842, and occupied until Jan- uary, 1876. The upper portion of the congregation was organized into a church at Wyoming in 1847. A lecture-room was built, at a cost of about $1,000, in the borough of Kings- ton in 1853 for evening service and Sabbath-school pur- poses. The new brick church on the corner of Railroad and Maple streets was dedicated on the 26th of January, 1876. This church is capable of seating about 500 peo- ple, and cost, including lot, about $48,000. For more than two years after its organization the church had no pastor, but depended for preaching upon the missionaries who visited the valley, chiefly the Rev. H. Taylor. In August, 182 1, Rev. Cyrus Gildersleeve was installed as its first pastor, in conjunction with the Wilkes-Barre church; from which time, with occasional intermissions, it has had a pastor and stated public ser- vice. The following is a list of the pastors, with date of service: Rev. Cyrus Gildersleeve, August 2nd, 1821, to 1827; Rev. Nicholas Murray, 1829-33; Rev. Alexander Heberton, 1833, 1834; Rev. E. H. Snowden, 1837-45; Rev. J. Delville Mitchell, 1845-47; Rev. J. Jermain Porter, 1847-50; Rev. Henry H. Wells, 1851-71; Rev. W. P. ARCHBALD.LACKAWANNA COUNTY,PA OLYPHANT,LACKAWANNA COUNTY,PA. JOHN CAMPBELL, _^ carbondale:,lackawanna county, pa. JOHN HOS I E , SCRANTON, LACKAWANNA CO., PA. =MN' KINGSTON PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH— LODGE HISTORIES. 3^7 Gibson, 1871-75; Rev. F. W. Flint, pastor elect, 1874 to the present time. From 1834 to 1837 the congregation had stated preach- ing by Rev. C. C. Corss, who occupied a large missionary field. The following is a list of the ruling elders, with the year of their ordination: 1823, John Gore, Henry Hise, Abel Hoyt, George .\lbright and Elijah Loveland; 1828, Hor- ace Parker; 1836, Charles Fuller; 1838, Ezra Hoyt; 1844, Charles D. Shoemaker and Ziba Hoyt; 1853, James W. Abbott and George W. I.oveland; 1858, Samuel G. Ladd and Marshall G. Whitney; 1863, George Reith; 1867, Frederic Corss and T. H. B. Lewis; iS7t, James Vannan and William Loveland; 1877, H. B. Payne and William R. Brink; 1880, M. B. Fowler, William F. Church and Amos Shortz. The following is a list of the deacons, with the year of their appointment: 1819, Daniel Hoyt and William Tick- nor; 1823, John Gore; 1873, B. J. Cruser, Amos Shortz and Charles Hutchinson. The membership has ranged from 60 to 170, its present number. The Snbbath-school has long been a prominent feature of this church. Prior to 1819 there had been established a neighborhood or union Sabbath-school, which met at the academy in the upper end of the village of Kingston until the year 1842. About this time the Methodists, hav- ing erected a house of worship in the village, established a school of their own, and the Presbyterians removed their school into their new church, where it continued until removed into the new lecture-room in the village, in 1853, and finally into the new Maple street church in October, 1875. In its early days the leading spirits in the work seem to have been Henry Buckingham, Elijah Loveland and William Barker, a very large majority of the admis- sions to church membership on confession of faith having come from the Sabbath-school. Since Mr. Loveland the superintendents have been: Samuel G. Ladd, 1858-61; H. B. Payne, 1861-73; T. H. B. Lewis, 1873-78 and H. B. Payne, from 1878 to this time. The school now consists of 4 officers, 18 teachers and an average at- tendance of 160 pupils. The library contains about 500 volumes. Five .of the eight ruling elders are officers and teachers. During the pastorate of Rev, J. J. Porter a branch school was maintained for a while at Mill Hol- low, and again in 1868 a school was established there under the superintendency of T. H. B. Lewis, assisted mainly by Mrs. Margaret Denison and Mrs. Amelia D. Abbott. This school continued for about two years, and became afterward the Sabbath-school of the Bennett Pres- byterian Church. LODGES AT KINGSTON VILLAGE. KINGSTON LODGE, NO. 395, F. AND A. .M. This lodge was instituted August 8th, 1867. The char- ter members were Charles Graham, R. S. Adams, Thomas H. Niven, William Bryden, Forbes H. Vannan, James Vannan, Edward R. Preston, Peter Woolcot, David Miles, David I. Sligh and James P. Wilkinson. The charter officers were: Charles Graham, W. M.; Royal S. Adams, S. W.; Thomas H. Niven, J. W.; Ed- ward R. Preston, secretary; James Vannan, treasurer (now the oldest mason in the State). The regular meetings of the lodge are held on Wednes- day evenings on or before the full of the moon in each month, in Masonic Hall, corner of Main and Plymouth streets. The list of past masters is as follows: Charles Gra- ham, Erastus Hill, Frederick Corss, Alfred Darte, jr.; William H. Squarey, Alanson B. Tyrrell, Charles Hutch- inson, Hubbard B. Payne, William Bryden, William F. Church, P. Butler Reynolds, James H. Franck, Conrad Z. Warnick. The officers for 1880 were: George H. Flanagan, W. M.; Luther C. Darte, S. W.; John Grant, J. W.; Alanson B. Tyrrell, treasurer; William F. Church, secretary. KINGSTON LODGE, NO. 709, I. O. O. F. This lodge was instituted May 19th, 1870, with 20 charter members. The first officers were: A. Kline, N. G.; J. H. Franck, V. G.; J. Milton Nicholson, secretary; Amos Shortz, as- sistant secretary; P. McPike, treasurer. The presiding officers since the organization have beers J. H. Franck, Amos Shortz, D. R. Prendergast, F. F. Franck, S. P. Harder, J. H. Labar, Wm. Cortright, J. C. Van Loon, John Wallace, Alexander Nicol, J. H. Harder, Richard Payne, Alexander Scott, Robert Cooper, Robert Wallace, J. N. Colver, Joel Walp, Charles Wiggins and Ira De Silva. The officers in 1880 were: W. J. McCreary, N. G.; Christian Bach, V. G.; Alexander Nicol, secretary; C. W. Fairchild, assistant secretary; J. H. Franck, treasurer. There are 54 members. Meetings are held Tuesday evening of each week in Keller's Hall. KINGSTON LODGE, NO. 1,797, KNIGHTS OF HONOR. This lodge was organized September 26th, 1879, with 21 charter members. The original officers of the lodge were: Dictator, A. B. Tyrrell; assistant dictator, E. C. Green; vice-dictator, J. C. Van Loon; reporter, T. L. Newell; financial re- porter, R. A. Hutchinson; treasurer, N. A. Laycock; chaplain, M. B. Fowler; G., J. A. Linn; guard, C. Wiggins; sentinel, E. C. Starbird; past dictator, C. W. Broughton. The regular meetings of the lodge are held on the evenings of the second and fourth Wednesday of each month in Odd Fellows' Hall. The present membership is 22. The officers in April, 1880, were: Dictator, E. C. Green; vice-dictator, J. C. Van Loon; assistant dictator, Charles Wiggins; reporter, T. L. Newell; financial re- porter, R. A. Hutchinson; treasurer, N. H. Laycock; G., J. A. Sinn; guard, J. R. Wright; S., H. F. Johnson; chaplain, H. C. Conover; past dictator, A. B. Tyrrell. 3i8 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. LAKE TOWNSHIP. AKE township, sn called from Harvey's lake, ^ was formed from Lehman and Monroe in B^^ 1841. A small part was set back in Monroe 3s^ 'It ''■>£ division of the county in 1841. The soil, except on the mountains, is fertile, and fine fruit is raised along the base of the mountains. The population is 863, though but 597 in 1870. Harvey's lake covers 1,285 acres; the water is of great purity. Perch and trout are indigenous; pike were placed in the lake by Hollenback & Urquhart, who owned nearly the whole of Lake township at one time. Salmon were put in the lake in 1876, by the State authorities. First Inhakit.^nts. The first white man who lived in Lake township was Matthew Scouten, who was employed by the owners of the land to look after the property, as early as 1792. He cleared a small tract, where Jacob Sorber afterward set- tled, and set out a few apple trees. Daniel Lee settled at the head of Pike's creek in 1806, and the marsh is called Lee's pond, from him. He was. employed by the farmers of Plymouth to care for caLlle, which were driven h-ere to graze during the summer. Otis Allen came from Jackson township in 1836, and began clearing in the vicinity of Lee's pond. He brought his family in the spring of 1838. During this year Jo- siah, Nathan and Stephen Kocher, brothers, moved into the township from Hunlock township, and John Jackson, Andrew Freeman, Thomas Lewis and Ephraim King arrived. In 1839 Jonah Roberts, Elon Davenport, Dan- iel Casebear, David Moss and John Fosnot came, and in 1840 Moses C. Perrigo, Jacob Sorber, Jonah Bronson and Jonathan Williams. Previous to 1845 Clarke Wolfe, Jesse Kitchen, George P. Shupp, James Hawley and Ed- ward Ide became residents. Business History. Hollenback & Urquhart built a saw-mill on the out- let of Harvey's lake in 1839. Joseph Frantz built the mill known as the Wildrick mill in 1843. It burned in 1879. Nathan Kocher built a small mill a mile below the site of the Beaver Run tannery in 1845. The mill now owned by S. Raub was built by Mr. Benjamin in 1847. A lath and shingle mill is connected with this one. Jonathan Williams built a small mill on Harvey's creek for Kocher & Urquhart in 1849. One was built by Otis Allen in i860 on Pike's creek. George Snyder and Ira B. Sorber built the mills now owned by them in 1866. F. A. and E. Williams erected a steam portable mill on the site of the Wildrick mill in 1879. The first grist-mill was put up by Hollenback & Urquhart in 1840. They built anew one in i860 just below. A planing-mill was erected by the same parties. All the mills formerly belonging to Hollenback & Urquhart are now (1879) the property of the Hoffman Lumber Company. The first road through the township was chopped out by the proprietors about 1795 to induce settlement, and ran from Wilkes-Barre to Bradford county. All the early settlers lived in log houses except Otis Allen and Jacob Sorber, who built block houses. The first frame dwelling was erected by Josiah Kocher in 1843. The Kocher brothers were carpenters, as were the sons of Otis Allen. The Aliens were also millwrights. Stephen Kocher was the first blacksmith in Lake town- ship. The first store was kept by Hollenback & Urquhart for the benefit of the men in their employ frorh about 1850 until r86o. F. N. Ruggles established a store near the southeast corner of the township in 1872, and sold out in 1874 to his brother C. W. Ruggles, who still continues the business. James Sorber kept a store at Booth's Corners in 1863-65. Ruggles & Shonk have a store in connec- tion with their tannery. Simeon Lewis has kept store since 1871. The Ruggles & Shonk tannery was built in 1874. The firm had built a saw-mill in 1872, which burned in the ■fall of that year and was rebuilt in 1873. The tannery building is 225 by 24, and 2)4 stories high, and contains 46 vats. The beam house is 24 by 60. There are 14 men employed at the tannery and 7 around the mill. 'The tannery uses 1,200 cords of bark per year, which is peeled in the vicinity. The Lake House, on the east shore of Harvey's lake, was built by Henry Hancock and Jonathan Husted in 1857. It.is 86 by 36, with a wing 52 by 32. The propri- etor, J. W. Rhoads, has a large number of boats, and the lake is a popular resort for fishing and gunning. Cemeteries. The first person buried in Lake township was Otis Allen, who died in January, 1842, aged 56 years. He was buried in the Allen cemetery. In September, 1842, Samuel C. Allen was buried here. The first person bur- ied in the Kocher cemetery was Stephen Kocher, who died in September, 1842. The first in the West Corner cemetery was Mrs. Sarah Perrigo, wife of Moses C. Per- rigo, June 26th, 1852; the next Martin M., son of Moses C. Perrigo, May 2nd, 1853, aged 4 years. The first burial in the White cemetery was that of Eva A., daughter of Theodore Wolfe, vvho died August 2nd, 1872, aged 2 months; then Gabriel Valentine, a stranger who died in the vicinity. The third was Mrs. Margaret Sny- der, wife of Henry Snyder, who died September 2nd, 1872, aged 79. Schools. The first school in Lake was taught by Jonathan Wil- liams at the house of Otis Allen during the winters of 1842 and 1843 and 1843 and 1844. A school-house was built during the summer of 1844 on the farm of Henry Ide. The first school-house at West Corner was taught by a Mr. Williams in the winters of 1847 and 1848 and 1848 -M^ «^'t'^t'^''t^^i^^ RESIDENCE OF J.T. JENNINGS, MEHOOPANY, WYOMING CO., PA. ^Z-^yt-ce-u^^ W. G. DANIELS, Scranton, LackawMina Co., Pa. BENJAMIN EVANS, Nescopeck, Luzerne Co., Pa. H. W. BARDWELL, Tunkhannock, Wyoming Co., Pa. 4- GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, CONYNGHAM, DORRANCE, HOLLENBACK, LEHMAN, NESCOPECK, NEWPORT, SLOCUM AND WRIGHT TOWNSHIPS. BENJAMIN EVANS. Benjamin Evans is a native of Brier Creek, Columbia county, Pa., and was born July 14th, 1819. His father, David Evans, who was one of the pioneer settlers of his township and for many years the only millwright in this part of the valley, became proprietor of what is known as the Evans' mills, at Nescopeck, of which the subject of this sketch is the present owner and operator. He has held several important township offices, and is now serv- ing his second term as justice of the peace. His wife was Miss Nancy Banham, daughter of Benjamin Ban- ham, Esq. She was a faithful and devoted member of the M. E. Church. She died in 1876. MICHAEL RABER. Michael Raber was born in Northampton county, Sep- tember 15th, 1807. His wife was Miss Sarah Hess, of Hollenback township. Mr. Raber has been engaged in farming, and has been elected to numerous township offices, besides having served one term as county com- missioner. Emanuel Albertson, born December 9th, 1836, in Huntington township, is a farmer and stock raiser. He enlisted August 18th, 1862, in Company F 28th regiment Pa. volunteers, and was discharged June 12th, 1865. His wife was Miss Sarah Drum, of Hollenback. Henry C. Angstadt was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, September 7th, 1842, and married Miss Christiana Briggs, of Nescopeck. He enlisted in 186 1 in Company F nth Ind. regiment. He was wounded at Champion Hill, Miss., May i6th, 1863, and was transferred to the invalid corps, and discharged December 9th, 1864. C. G. Bittenbender is a native of Shamokin, Pa., and was born February i8th, 1844. He enhstedin Company C 131st regiment Pa. volunteers, August 8th, 1862, and was discharged May 23d, 1863. He re-enlisted February 24th, 1864, and was discharged July i6th, 1865. He was in the battles of Fredericksburg, Antietam, Atlanta and Savannah. His wife was Miss Emeline Critz, of Cata- wissa. Pa. Daniel Bloss was born in Nescopeck township, Au- gust 6th, 1827. He was formerly a carpenter and builder, and is now a farmer. His wife was Miss Esther Snyder, of Hollenback. Aaron Boyd was born in Mt. Bethel, Pa., August 26th, 1826. He is a farmer and lumberman. His wife was a lady of Slocum. Jacob Brong, weighmaster of the Central Railroad of New Jersey at Solomon's Gap, was born in Monroe county. Pa., August 5th, 1846, and married Miss Anna M. Gro- ver, of Weissport, Pa. WiLLOUGHBY BuFF was bom in Hollenback township, March 13th, 1850. His wife was Miss Lucinda Houck, of Dorrance. Mr. Buff is proprietor of the Dorrance flour and feed mills. Charles D. Clarke was born in Monroe county, Pa., November 13th, 1843. He married Susan Lutsey, of Slocum township. He was formerly a teacher, but is now an assistant weighmaster, residing at Penobscot. William W. Cooper was born in Nescopeck town- ship, July 24th, 1856. He was formerly a clerk and is now an attorney at law at Nescopeck. Rev. Tilghman Derr, who resides at Berwick, has charge of the Reformed churches of Nescopeck, Conyng- ham and Hollenback townships. He was born in Tur- bertsville, Northumberland county, March gth, 1843. His wife was Miss Mary Ellen Wagner, of the same place. William H. Edwards was born in Orange county, N. Y., September 14th, 1813. He removed to Lake town- ship in 1844, and from there to Newport about 1876. He has charge of the farms of the Lehigh and Wilkes- Barre Coal Company in Newport. He married Miss Eveline Mott, of Ross township. He was formerly a teacher. Matthias Eroh, farmer, is a native of Hollenback township, and was born April 15th, 1832. He has been school director, collector and treasurer, and is the pres- ent supervisor of Dorrance. His wife was Miss Mary Maria Spade, of Dorrance. C. S. Fargo, who has charge of the depot of the Cen- tral Railroad of New Jersey at Wanamie, was born at Montrose, Pa., September i8th, 1842. He married Miss Mary E. Swisher, of Mill City, Wyoming county, who died June 28th, 1878. Mr. Fargo was formerly engaged in mercantile pursuits. He served three years in the gth Pennsylvania cavalry and has been postmaster three years. Nelson Fortner is a native of Conyngham, Pa., and was born February 7th, 1820. He is a farmer and grain grower. He was drafted during the Rebellion and paid $300 commutation. He married Miss Mary Ann Peck, of Salem township. Franklin Fortner, farmer, was born August 24th, i8[8, in Sugarloaf township. He is school director and township auditor. He married Miss Harriet Williams, of Nescopeck. Aaron W. George, salesman for H. H. Ashley & Co. at Wanamie, was born at Lyon Valley, Lehigh county, June i6th, 1849. He married .Miss Maggie H. Love, of Plymouth. Mr. George was formerly engaged in teach- ing. P. H. Good is a native of Nescopeck township, and was born Seftember 15th, 1832. He married Miss Hh -^ f 322 B HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. k Catharine Fenstermacher, of Salem, Pa. He has been school director and supervisor, and is now a farmer. Z. G. Gordon, wheelwright and blacksmith, was born September 3d, 1846, in Lehman, and married Sarah E. Rice, of that township. John Gruver, farmer in Newport township, was born in Northumberland county, July 28th, 1807, and came to Newport in 1812. He married Miss Elizabeth Thomas, of Montgomery county, who died August 3d, 1871. He was formerly a landlord. George W. Guldin was born in Pottstown, Pa., Sep- tember 20th, 185 1, and married Miss Mary E. Moyer, of Dorrance. His present business is farming and lumber- ing. S. J. Harlacher, born in Nescopeck township, Jan- uary ist, 1824, married Miss Rebecca Eroh, of Dor- rance township. Mr. Harlacher was formerly engaged in lumbering, but is now working at his trade as a carpenter. J. W. Harter, a farmer and resident of Wapwallopen, was born in Salem, Pa., June 17th, 1854. His wife was Miss M. A. Weiss, of Conynghara. A. W. Harter is a native of Sakm township, and was born January 31st, 1844. He is a farmer. Mrs. Harter was Miss Anna Eliza Whitebread, of Hollenback. N. S. Hauser was formerly engaged in railroading, and is now keeping a hotel at South Fairview. He was born in Schuylkill county, Pa., April 9th, 1839, and mar- ried Mary Lentz, of Lehigh county. He has been school director and served nine months in the 173d Pennsylva- nia volunteers. Albert D. Hay, farmer, was born in New Jersey, September 24th, 1854. His wife, who was of Dallas township, was Elizabeth Brace. Renatus Heller was born in Sugarloaf township, October r3th, 1823. He married Miss Cathare Swearer, of Butler township. Mr. Heller is a farmer and lumber- man. There is said to be a valuable deposit of zinc ore on his farm in Dorrance. Joseph Hess was born August 21st, 1812, in Conyng- ham township. He has been supervisor, assessor, school director and overseer of the poor of that township, and is now a farmer. He has been married twice. Stephen Hess, farmer, was born April 5th, 1827. He has been overseer and school director of Conyngham. His wife was Miss Susan Knorr, of Brier Creek township. Pa. Jeremiah Hess was born in Salem township, Novem- ber 8th, 1808. He has been overseer of poor, school director, and supervisor of his township for ten years. He married Miss Sarah Walp, of Conyngham. J. W. HoucK is a native of Union township, Schuylkill county, Pa., and was born November 20th, 1841. He was married to Miss Sarah Swank, of Beaver township. Pa. Mr. Houck is a miller. David Ide, a lifelong resident of Lehman township, was born April i6th, 1825, and has served as justice of the peace twenty-one years. He has been town clerk. Mrs. Ide, whose maiden name was Jane E. Vanderlyn, was of Lehman township. J. 0. Ide, who was born in Lehman township, July 22nd, 1828, has been justice of the peace ten years, and has been D. D. G. M. of the 1. O. O. F., 4th district of Luzerne county. He married Charlotte A. Wesley, of Ross township, who died August 9th, 1858, and he sub- sequently married Margaret Shires, of Lone Rock, Rich- land county, Wis. Mr. Ide is a carpenter by trade but is now farming. S. P. Ide, farmer, is a native of Lehman township, and was born December loth, 1818. Mr. Ide's first mar- riage was with Mary A. Green, of Newark, N. J., who died November 3d, 1867. His present wife was Marga- ret Montanye, who was the widow of William L. Dyman, of Monroe township, Wyoming county. Pa. James Jackson, of Slocum, who has lived in Luzerne county forty-eight years, -was born in Northampton county, August 19th, 1826. He married Miss Lucy Ros- encranz, of Slocum. He was formerly engaged in lum- bering, but is now farming. He has been town clerk. F. P. Kennedy, telegraph operator at Solomon's Gap for the Central Railroad of New Jersey, is a native of Cornwall, Lebanon county. Pa., and was born July 20th, 1854. He was formerly a book agent. J. A. Kepner was born January 3d, 1850, in Juniata township. Perry county. Pa. He is a justice of the peace and township auditor; also a local preacher, and now carpenter at the Dupont Powder Mills. His wife was Miss Lydia Myers, of Slocum township. Abram a. Ketcham, farmer, formerly a carpenter, was born in Orange county, N. Y., July 17th, 1813, and married Maria Fuller, of Huntsville, Lehman township. John La France, of Penobscot, is a native of Scran- ton, and was born April 20th, 1842. Mrs. La France was Miss Theresa Bellows, of Salem, Wayne county. Pa. Mr. La France was a member of the 187th Pa. volunteers in the civil war. He was formerly engaged in railroad- ing, and is now a locomotive engineer. C. O. Learn, blacksmith, was born in Wilkes-Barre, March 25th, 185 1, and married Isabella Mathers, of Taylorvilie. Walter T. Leas, superintendent for the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company at Wanamie, was born at Tunkhannock, in 1841. He married Miss MaryT. Quick, of Wilkes-Barre. He was formerly a contractor. Robert O. Leas, outside foreman at Wanamie, was born in Logan county, Ohio, in 1836. He married Miss Margaret Moore, of Dunmore, Pa. He was formerly a carpenter and builder. George P. Lindsay, manager of the store of H. H. Ashley & Company, at Wanamie, was born in Plains township, September 25th, 1855. He was formerly a clerk. Redmond Line was born in Hanover township, Octo- ber 26th, 1840, and married Mary Shafer, of Wright township. He was a member of the 52nd Pa. volunteers. He was at one time a lumberman, but is now an engineer on the Central Railroad of New Jersey, residing at Moun- tain Top. Robert Major, retired farmer, was born in Yorkshire, England, March 3d, 1809. He married Sarah Adleman, of Union township. S. C. Mandeville, farmer, was born in Dallas town- ship, September 27th. 1824, and married Frances B. Ful- ler, of Jackson township. Jameson Meeker, farmer and lumberman, was born in Huntington, December 7th, 1821. He married Mary Dunbar, of White Haven. A. J. Meeker was born in Wright township. May i6th, 1852, and married Frances E. McKee, of the township of Lehman. He is a lumberman and has been town clerk. Mh M GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 322 C E. D. J. Meyers, foreman in the . Central Railroad car-shop at Penobscot, is a native of Whitehall township, Lehigh county, and was born January 23d, 1848. He married Elmira Viege, of North Whitehall, in that county. He has been president of the board of school directors of Wright township. James W. Moore, who was born in Dallas township, December 14th, 1846, has resided in Slocum nine years. He married Miss Fidelia S. Hontz, of Ross township. He is engaged in farming. William Morgan, of Wanamie, was born in Wales, February 26th, 1841, and married Miss Jane Fairchild, of Newport. He works in the mines. He is justice of the peace. R. H. Nicholas, assistant dispatcher on the Central Railroad of New Jersey at Penobscot, was born at Wurtsboro, Sullivan county, N. Y., March 29th, 1846. Mrs. Nichols was Miss Catharine Williamson, of Ontario, Canada. Mr. Nichols served in the 47th New York vol- unteers, and has been auditor of the township. James M. Norris, bookkeeper of the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company at Wanamie, was born at Port Deposit, Md., August 21st, 1852. He married Miss Grizzle G. Gates, of Wilkes-Barre. Jonas Peter was born in Hollenback township, July 20th, 1828, and is a lumberman. His wife was Eliza- beth Whitebread, of Hollenback. Thomas Peter is a farmer. He was born August 30th, 1816, at Heidleberg, Pa., and married Miss Eliza- beth Radler, of Hollenback. Philip Peters was born June 24th, 1837, in Hollen- back township. He has been school director and audi- tor, and is a farmer. His wife was Miss Permelia Fens- termacher, of Hollenback. John Peters was born in Heidleberg township, Lehigh county, Pa., in January, 1807, and is a farmer and weaver. His first wife was Miss Rebecca Radler, his second Mrs. Rebecca Fenstermacher, and his third Hannah Gresman, all of Hollenback. Nathan Peters is a native of Hollenback township, and was born June 13th, 1846. He enlisted in Company A 97th Pennsylvania volunteers, October 22nd, 1864, and was discharged August 28th, 1865. He married Miss Catharine E. Eroh, of Hollenback. John T. Peters, who is a carpenter and builder, was born December sth, 1848. He has been a school direct- or of Hollenback. His wife was Miss Mary C. Hess, of Hollenback. Rev. James M. Price was born in Bloomsburg, Colum- bia county. Pa., February 4th, 1834. His wife, whose maiden name was Ellen M. Prentiss, is of the same place. Mr. Price was formerly a printer. His post- office address is Wapwallopen, Pa. William O. Ruggles was born in Ross township, September 12th, 1850, and married Mary A. Ide, of Leh- man township. He is a farmer and is engaged in lumbering. E. A. Santee, M. D., Hobbie post-office, was born in Union township, July 8th, 1837, and married Miss T. R. Post, of that township. James A. Sargent, of Penobscot, has made a business of railroading, and is now a conductor on the Central Railroad of New Jersey. He served nine months in the 132 Pennsylvania volunteers during the Rebellion. He was born in Rutland, Mass., October 20th, 1841, and married Clara A. Benscoter, of Shickshinny. Amos Schobert, merchant and postmaster at Hobbie, was born September 15th, 1842, in Hollenback, and mar- ried Sabilla G. Grover, of the same township. William J. Scott, accountant for the Dupont Powder Company, was born at Philadelphia, in 1842. His wife was Miss Mary Scanlin, of Philadelphia. Mr. Scott served during the war as a member of the 71st Pennsylvania volunteers. Abraham Shantz, of Belbend, was born April 3d, 1841, in Hollenback township. He is keg repairer at the Dupont Powder Works. He enlisted in April, 1861, in Company A 6th Pennsylvania reserve, and was discharged in June, 1864. His wife was Miss Mary Davis, of Hol- lenback township. G. B. Stewart, of Penobscot, was formerly a ma- chinist and locomotive engineer, and is now foreman of the round-house. He has been a school director. He was born September 20th, 1844, and married Drusilla Cramer, of Nanticoke. S. P. SWARTWOOD, an engineer on the Lehigh Valley Railroad, resides at South Fairview. He was born Oc- tober 4th, 1847, in Wright township, of which his wife, formerly Miss M. A. Carey, was also a native. Julius Tenschent was born in Austria, January 9th, 1846. He was married to Miss Bertha Young, of Read- ing, Pa. He is a farmer and proprietor of the Dorrance tannery. William W. Wayne, of Belbend, was born February 19th, 1849, in Taylorville, Carbon county, Pa., and is a millwright. His wife was Miss Mary Keller, of Hudson- dale, Pa. William Weiss, a native of Conyngham, was born August 4th, 1 81 7, and died June i6th, 1878. His wife was Miss Julia Fenstermacher, of Salem. Barnet Whitebread was born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 31st, 1800, and married Miss Anna Briggs, of Nescopeck. William Whitebread was born March 6th, 1829, in Hollenback, and married Magdalena Moyer, of Hol- lenback, who died in December, 1863. He is an insurance agent. He has been supervisor, assessor, inspector, etc. Samuel Williams is a native of Nescopeck and is the proprietor of the Susquehanna House at that place. His wife was Miss Abbie Noncaster, of Mifflin county. Pa. Milton F. Williams was born in Brier Creek, Columbia county, March 26th, 1849, and married Miss Alice S. Adams, of that place. He is a merchant and postmaster at Nescopeck. He has been driver on the canal, teamster and clerk, and overseer of poor. The following contributed to the support of this work in the townships here represented : W. A. Baucher, William W. Cooper, J. A. Hart, W. S. Heller, Philip Weiss. 4 =«=^N PHILIP ROBINSON, Jr. Philip Robinson, jr., was born at Lauterbrecken, in Bavaria, in 1841. He came to this country with his parents in 1854 and located in Scranton with his father, Philip Robinson, who, together with his sons, engaged in the business of brewing. The brewery was situated on Cedar street. In 1868 the firm was dissolved. Philip Robinson, jr., became the sole proprietor of the business, which was carried on in his name up to the time of his death, which occurred September 20th, 1879. Without taking a prominent part in party politics he was always a Democrat and was occasionally called upon to fill local offices, especially such as required clear business judg- ment and strong integrity, and he always justified the public trust. At the time of his death he was the Dem- ocratic candidate for county treasurer and was regarded as being by far the strongest man on the ticket. To his friends, to his family and those of the poor in his im- mediate vicinity, Mr. Robinson was endeared by his goodness of heart, his kindness and his generous liberal- ity. He was charitable without display, generous with- out seeking publicity, and his business integrity was of that sterling order which believes in the honorable fulfil- ment of all obligations. He was a man of abrupt address and often made antagonisms by his manner with those who did not know him well; but the undercurrent of real kindness and benevolence that moved him to liberal charities and helpfulness held to him in strong bonds of friendship all who knew him well. He was a member of Schiller masonic lodge and also of the Turnverein and Liederkranz societies. In 1862 he married Miss Mina Schimpff, of Scranton, Pa. Children were born to them as follows: Philip, August 24th, 1864; Edmund, March 17th, 1868; Robert, December i8th, 1869; Minnie, July 6th, 1873; Otto, June 28th, 1875; Lena, August isth, 1878. H^= *V T^~ Dr. C. H. fisher. Dr. Charles H. Fisher was born at Owego, Tioga county, N. Y., June 12th, 1837. He is of German and English extraction, tracing his ancestry on his mother's side back to the landing of the " Mayflower," while his great-grandfather, Leonard Fisher, emigrated from Ger- many and was one of the early settlers of New York city. Leonard Fisher was a dentist and was the first to practice that profession in New York city, if not in the New World. He served with distinction as a lieuten- ant during the Revolution and died at New York at an advanced age, leaving a large family of children. Dr. C. H. Fisher's grandfather, Brigadier General George Fisher, was one of the earliest pioneers of Tioga county, N. Y., and his father, Doctor George L. Fisher, was a den- tist and for nearly twenty years practiced in Scranton. Doctor Fisher received a thorough academic course at the Owego Academy and was prepared to enter the sopho- more class in college when the Rebellion brok« out. He at once abandoned the idea of taking a collegiate course, and with a view of entering the medical department of the army he placed himself under the private tuition of Professor H. N. Eastman, of Geneva Medical College, and took his first course of lectures at that institution in the fall and winter of 1862 and 1863. At the close of the course he proceeded to Washington, D. C, and hav- ing passed an examination before the U. S. medical board was appointed medical cadet U. S. A., and as- signed to duty at General Field Hospital No. i, Mur- freesboro, Tenn. He served under Rosecrans during the campaign which terminated with the battle of Chickamuaga, and was then assigned to duty at General Hospital No. i, Nashville, Tenn. While on duty at this hospital he attended his second course of lectures and graduated at the University of Nashville Medical Col- lege, in the spring of 1864. His term of service as med- ical cadet having expired, he was appointed acting assist- ant surgeon U. S. A., in which capacity he served at Hospital No. i and Cumberland Hospital until August, 1865. Then, having passed a second examination before the U. S. A. examining board at Nashville, he was pro- moted to a full surgeoncy and assigned to duty as surgeon of the 96th regiment U. S. C. "T., Department of the Gulf. He was honorably mustered out of the service with his regiment at New Orleans, January 28th, 1866. Being tendered a position as surgeon in the Freedmen's Bureau he accepted, and was assigned to duty as surgeon in charge of Freedmen's Hospital, at Shreveport, La. He resigned this position in the fall of 1866, and re- turning north attended a third course of lectures at Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York. Having determined to devote his attention principally to disea- ses of the eye and ear, he took a private course under Professor Noyes, at the New York Eye and Ear Infir- mary, and in the spring of 1867 hung out his shingle in the city of Scranton. He has been in contiuous prac- tice since that time and has won a wide and deserving reputation as an occulist and aurist. In 1878 he founded the Scranton Eye and Ear Infirmary, associating with himself Doctor R. A. Squire and Doctor B. H. Throop as consulting surgeons. This institution supplies a long- felt want in the Lackawanna coal regions, and although not strictly eleemosynary does a large amount of charity business. Doctor Fisher was for a number of years a member of the Luzerne County Medical Society and is a charter member of the Lackawanna County Medical Society. He took an active part in the organization of the Lackawanna Hospital, at Scranton, and for several years was connected with its medical staff. When the new county of Lackawanna was erected Doctor Fisher was appointed county physician, and he is now serving his second term in that capacity. He is also post surgeon of Lieutenant Ezra S. Griffin Post G. A. R. Doctor Fisher married Miss Mary J. Miner, of Hudson, N. Y. May i2th, 1869. Their children are: Jessie May, aged 10; Maud, aged 8; and Mary A., aged 4. =^^ JONATHAN APGAR AND FAMILY. Jonathan Apgar was born in Cokesburg, Hunterdon county, N. J., November 29th, 1811. He was the fifth in a family of ten children of William Apgar — seven sons and three daughters. Mr. Apgar received a good common school education in his native town. By trade he was a carpenter. December 20th, 1834, he married Cornelia Wiggins, of Mount Hope, Miorris county, N. J. She was born at Mount Hope, February 15th, 1805. After mar- riage he settled in Flanders, Morris county, N. J., where besides working at his trade he carried on a farm, as he did subsequently at Chester, Morris county. In April, 1853, having sold his property in New Jersey, he removed to Dunmore, and purchased and settled on the place now occupied by his daughter, Mrs. Nye. He continued to work at his trade and upon his farm in Dunmore up to the time of his death, which occurred December 6th, 1872. His wife survived him seven years, dying February 21st, 1879. She was a member of the Dunmore Presbyterian Church, and of the Rockaway Presbyterian Church in Morris county, N. J. Their children were as follows : Melissa, born September 2Sth, 1835; married to Phijip Gulick March 3d, 1858; living at Clinton, Hunterdon county, N. J. Robert D., born July 13th, 1838; died October 31st, 1842. William W., born September nth, 1840; died August 31st, 1841. • Lettie C, born December 27th, 1843; died September 24th, 1844. Cornelia W., born January 29th, 1845; married to George Couch January 2nd, 1866; living at Phillipsburgh, N.J. Susan A., born January 5th, 1849; married October 5th, 1875, to Irvin Nye. The latter was born at Lacey- ville, Wyoming county, Pa., March 22nd, 1849. ^'■- ^^^ Mrs. Nye own and live at the homestead in Dunmore. They have two children — Harry Apgar, born October 4th, 1876, and George C, born April 27th, 1878. 4^ *^H= EARLY HISTORY OF NESCOPECK TOWNSHIP. 3^3 NESCOPFXK TOWNSHIP. jESCOPECK township, named from Nesco- peck creek, was set off from Newport in 1792 and then comprised also Hollenback and Conyngham. Nescopeck creek it is said takes its name from its dark color, caused by coal veins near its source; the name signifying "deep black waters '' in the Indian tongue. The population of the township was 968 in 1870 and. 1,205 in '880. The first settler, George Walker, located near the site of the grist-mill of Benjamin Evans, as early as 1786. He made improvements here, and attempted to build a mill, but was washed out by the great freshet of October, 1786, known as the "pumpkin flood." A family settled on the farm now owned by Michael Raber. They were killed by the Indians, and it was claimed that the savages were incited to the deed by Walker, who was jealous of neighbors. The feeling against him among the people of adjoining townships was so strong that he thought it safer to go west. A road was laid out from Nescopeck falls to the Lehigh in 1787, which followed very nearly the course of the present turnpike. It was opened by authority of the commonwealth, and Evan Owens, proprietor of Berwick, was appointed to superintend its construction. The road was completed in 1789. The turnpike was chartered about 1803. The first land grant was of that part of the Campania tract lying west of Big Wapwallopen creek, which was surveyed to Daniel Grant in 1769, and patented by George Campbell in 1773. The next was of the land on which the Evans mill stands, to Jacob Bittenbender, in 1808. Several tracts had been taken up previous to this, but the patents were not taken out. In 1791 Jacob Smithers, Jacob Shover, Martin Aton and Jacob Seyberling settled along the banks of the Nes copeck creek. In 1807 Henry Dewespecht, Michael Harrier, Conrad Bloos, Jacob Bittenbender, jr., William Moore, Thomas Cole, Conrad Reiderich, John Henry, Caspar Henry, Michael Whitenecht, Michael Nauss, Con- rad Bingheimer, Peter Clingeman, Bernard Snyder, John Rooth, George Bittenbender, George Keens, John Buss, Daly, Bassinger, and a surveyor by the name of Chesney had settled in Nescopeck. They were nearly all from Northampton county. From this time settlers came in rapidly. The Fortners, Sloyers and Smiths came about 1828, and the families of Evans and Wil- liams soon after. Jonas Buss, who settled here in 1807, is now living at Mififlin, Columbia county, at the age of eighty-nine. He still retains his memory of early events in a remarkable degree, and we are indebted to him for many facts concerning the early history of the township. William Rittenhouse, who owned large tracts of land in this and adjoining towns, built a small log grist-mill on Nescopeck creek about 1795, a^^" inducement for settlers to purchase his lands. He sold to Jacob Rittenhouse in . 1808. Nathan Beach built a small log mill on Wapwall- open creek about 1795, near the place called "Powder Hole.'' There were three mills on this site, and all burned by accident, A still was connected with the second one. Samuel Mifflin built a saw-mill near the mouth of the Nescopeck creek in 1795. Logs floating down the river were caught and sawed at this mill. In 1824 Henry Bowman built a large three-story grist-mill, using the same dam and water privilege. He sold this to Daniel Evans in 1838, who added a plaster mill. The mill is still the property of the heirs of Daniel Evans. John McMutria built a grist-mill above the Evans mill about 1853. He sold to J. Johnson in i860. A saw-mill was built by H. Haschner about 1867. A wool-carding and fulling mill was built by John T. Davis, on a branch of Nescopeck creek in 1S40. J. Stephenson bought it in 1S60, and still operates it, employing four persons, and making yearly $3,000 worth of satinet and cloth, flannel and yarn. E. and J. Leidy built a forge on Nescopeck creek in 1830, containing two hammers and three fires. They made bar iron and blooms, from ore dug in Columbia county and from pig metal. Hon. Simon Cameron once had an interest in this forge. It finally passed into the hands of S. F. Headly, who enlarged the works and operated them successfully several years. The forge has been idle since 1854. Theodore and George Naugle built a tannery on Nes- copeck creek about 1858, which was operated until 1870. Their present saw-mill was built in 1851. Previous to 1796 the people traded at Sunbury, going and returning in canoes. At this time Samuel Mifflin started a small store near the bank of the river, on the site of the village of Nescopeck. William Baird had charge as agent, and lived in the same building, which was the first frame building in the township. The first blacksmith shop was on the bank of the river near the present residence of William Harter, and was owned by George Rough. The first hotel was kept by one Steiner, in a small log house at the ferry. John Myers built the first frame hotel in 1807. Another was built by John Rothermel in 1815. His son, the painter of the celebrat- ed picture " The Battle of Gettysburg," was born here. In 1817 Christian Kunkle built the stone house now owned by the Cooper heirs, in Nescopeck village, burn- ing the brick for the chimneys, and for a three-story building in Berwick, on the ground. Michael Raber built the first brick dwelling and burned the brick for all the rest. The bridge across the Susquehanna was built in 18 16, at a cost of $36,000. A flood swept the bridge away in 1836, and the following year it was rebuilt by Millard & Ephraim Edson, for $27,500. It is 1,250 feet long. The first school was taught by William Coder, about 1 8 10, near the residence of Martin Frey. The house was built by gatherings of the men of the neighborhood. Teachers \yere hired by the quarter, or term of three months. Each man paid according to the number of *^h= 324 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. f children sent to school by him. The first school on the river was taught byThontias Miller, a tailor, in 1828. The first building for a free school was built in 1838, by Jo- seph Schlusser, on the site of the brick school-house in Nescopeck village. A new, two-story, graded school building has just been completed near Nescopeck village. In T878 there were five schools taught in the township, with an average attendance of 216 pupils, and a total expenditure of $2,130.42 for educational matters. John Briggs, jr., appointed in r8ii, was the first post- master in Nescopeck. Mails were carried from Berwick to Easton, on horseback, by one Smith. There are now two post-offices, one at Nescopeck, Milton Williams postmaster; and the other at Briggsville, on the turnpike, A. G. Briggs postmaster. Mails are now carried from Berwick to Conyngham and from Nescopeck to Slocum twice a week. Nescopeck Village. The village of Nescopeck was laid out at an early day by Isaiah Chapman, who had a large frame store-house on the river bank. The village contains nearly a tiundred dwellings. Samuel Williams keeps the only hotel. There is one store, kept by J. Williams & Son. A. Wantz has a blacksmith shop, and a small pottery for the manu- facture of flower pots was started by August Thiel in 1879. Nearly all the men are employed during the day in the shops at Berwick. The Nescopeck Mutual Fire Insurance Company, or- ganized in August, 1857, has its office here. The officers are: Michael Raber, president; Benjamin Evans, secre- tary. The Reformed Church. The Reformed congregation in Nescopeck took its rise in 181 1. On September 3d of that year the corner stone of the first church edifice was laid by Rev. Jacob Dief- fenbach, from Berks county. There was no regular Reformed pastor. This church was completed in 1814. Rev. Thomas Pomp, a Reformed minister of Easton, preached the consecratory sermon. In 1S15 Rev. Jacob Dieffenbach, having located at Bloomsburg, Columbia county, became pastor of this congregation, and he served il for a number of years. Afterward Rev. John Nicho- laus Zeizer became pastor, succeeded by Rev. Isaac Shell- hammer, and he by Rev. Horace Daniel. From the fall of 1857 Rev. Henry Hoffman was pastor nine years, and Rev. A. R. Hottenstein ten years from 1866. In the fall of 1876 Rev. Tilghman Derr, the present pastor, was called. There were intervals of several years when the congregation had no Reformed pastor. In 1868 this con- gregation, in union with the Lutherans, built the present commodious brick church. There are sixty communicant members. The elders are Michael Raber and Thomas Bower; deacons, Philip Fenstermacher and Milton Smith. Supervisors .\nd Justices. The first township officers were elected in 1806, being Michael Weiss and Martin Hirst, supervisors; Ambrose Tille, clerk; and John Henry, auditor. Since 1806 the following persons have held the office of supervisor: William Moore, 1807; Michael Weiss, 1807, 1810, 1817, 1834; Thomas Kocher, 1808; Abram Shortz, 1808, 1828; Jacob Hess, 1809, 1812, 1826; Jacob Bittenbender, 1809, 1815, 1816, 1823, 1826, 1831; Jacob Smithers, 1810; Philip Fenstermacher, 1811, 1815; John Bittenbender, 1811, 1817; John Buss, 1812; Peter Rookel, 1813, 1836; Georg-e Henry, 1813; Philip Badler, 1814; Conrad Line, 1816; Henry Whitebread, 1818; Martin Harter, 1818, 1830, 18'12, 1843; Jacob Weiss, 1819; George Rough, 1819; William Hess, 1820; Jonas Buss, 1820; Philip Meixell, 1821, 1831; John Henry, 1821, 1836; Jere- miah Hess, 1822; Peter Good, 1822, 1857; Peter Mowery, 1823; Daniel Rough, 1823; Christian Stout, 1824; William Henry, 1824, 1876; James Dod- son,1837; John Boughman, 1827; John Cool, 1838; John Briggs, 1839; John Baugher, 1839; John Whitebread, IKiO; George Fenstermacher, 1832; Jacob Hart, 1833, 1845; Daniel Wall, 1833; Benjamin Smith, 1834; Abraham Keen, 1834; John M. Briggs, 1836, 1859, 1800; Jacob Shafter, 1835-37; John Weiss, 1837-40; John Henry, jr., 1837, 1838; Jacob Buzzard, 1838, 1841, 1854, 1855; John N. Zeizer, 1839, 1841; Christian Schobert, 1840, 1842; Frederick White- bread, 1843; John Anderson, 1844; William Fowler, 1844; Jacob Frey, 1845, 1846; Philip Naugle, 1846-49, 1851; Jacob Bryfogle, 1847^9, 1852, 1861, 1883; George Karohner, 1&50; Michael Kaber, 1850; David Hartzell, 1852, 1853; John Smith, 1853-55, 1868; Jesse Weiss, 1856, 1857; Jacob Harter, jr., 1858- 60, 1869, 1870; William Aton, 1860; Samuel Harter, 1863, 1863, 1871-70; Theodore Naugle, 1863, 1864, 1874; William Kishbach, 1864, 1877, 1878; John Nauss, 1865-07; William Thrash, 1865-67; Levi Lutz, 1868; Alexander San- tee, 1868, 1869; Samuel Rough, 1870-73; Jacob Radler, 1873; PhiUp Fenster- macher, jr., 1874; Henry Eeilly, 1878; John F. Whitebread, 1879. Ambrose Tille held the office of town clerk for the years i8o6 and 1807, since which time there has been none. Justices have been designated as follows : Jacob Bittenbender, 1800; George Drum, 1810; WilUam Baird, 1811; John Buss, 1813; Valentine Senvell, 1814; Daniel Bitter, 1817; Abram Shirtz, 1818; George Drum, jr., 1834; Jonas Buss, 1836, 1864; Christian Kunkle, 1838; Moses S. Brundage, 1832; Henry Tost, 1832; John Briggs, 1834; John Fenstermacher, 1840; Benjamin Evans, 1850, 1855, 1860, 1865, 1870, 1875; Joseph Hampton, 1851, 1866; A. G. Briggs, 1861, 1866. NEWPORT TOWNSHIP. i HE township of Newport, which formerly com- prised Newport, Slocum, Dorrance, Hollen- back, Conyngham and Nescopeck, was one of those laid out by the Susquehanna Company. It is now reduced to an area of nineteen square miles, and has a population of 1,531. All the farms are owned by coal companies, and are either worked by men in the employ of the companies or by tenants on leases for one year. The short lease holds out no inducement to the tenant to improve the land, and consequently the farms are in an impoverished state. Settlement .\nd Early Corporate Action. The first settler in the township was Major Prince Al- den, who settled on Newport creek in 1772. He was followed by his sons, Mason F. and John, and a Mr. Chap- man, and they by other settlers, as the following copy of the minutes of a township meeting will show. The re- sult of the investigation ordered, which is appended in tabular form, was arrived at June 13th, 1787. "NEwrouT To*KSHip.-At a meeting legally warned and held at the house of Mr. Prince Alden, on Saturday, Juno 9th, 1787, made choice ot JMr. Pnnce Alden moderator, and Mason F. Alden clerk '• Isl. Came to the following resolutions, viz : Whereas, the survey ot this town was utterly lost at the destruction of this settlement, it is therefore resolved that a commitee of three persons be appointed to carefully mspeot into and ascertain the proprietors and actual settlers Of the town of Newport at or before the decree of Trenton ; and also to f , ISIfl, 18il; ,Tohn Sohlepp,v, 1315, 1837; Isaac Cruver, ISlli, 1817; John Sorber, ISKi; Jeremiah Vandtrmark, 1818,1830; John Vanderniark, 181!), ls,i3, 13(11; John Rambach, 1830, 1831; Michael Rruvor, 1831; John A, I,nb, 1833; Henry Dotterer, 1834; Joseph Keithline, 1835; Jacob Dapport, 1825, 1820; nen.1aniin Vandormnrk, 1820; George Gruver, 1337; Adam Belles, 1838-:!1; Conrad Lines, 1828-30; Nicholas Bark- man, 1831-33, 1835, 1830; Richard Paine, 1&37; John Kester, 18-40; Peter Belles, 1835, 18.30, 1838, 1850, 1851; Philip Houpt, mi, 1840, 1841; Henry Dolterer, 1843, 1848; William Lut.sey, 1843, 1844, 1847; Eli,iah Vandermark, 1844, 1854; John Dotterer, 1845; John Fairchlld, 1845, 1805, 1800-71, 1873; Adam Bridinser, 1840, 1848-50; Philip Myers, 1847, 1851; George Foster, 1848; Daniel Walp, 1849; Henry llaiseley, 1861; Michael Mosher, 18.53; George Dotterer, 18.5.3; John Gruver, 1853; George Shireman, 1854; Daniel H^ Hh NEWPORT TOWNSHIP OFFICERS— LODGES AT WANAMIE— PITTSTON TOWNSHIP. 327 Rambaoli, IS-Vy, John Miller, 1855; Mosos Vanaermark, 1850; Peter Deets, 1858, 1857; George P. Obitz, 1857; D. P. Keeney, 1858, 1874; Daniel Raiscley, ISSS-e-J; Sims Vandermarlc, 1859-03; Solomon Fairoliiia, 1803, 1871, 1873; Willtam Belles, 1803, 1801; John Hawk, 1801; Samuel Womelsdorf, isi;5; Abraham Fairohild, ISCj; Winiam Jones, 18O0; Abraham Lines, 1307, 1S«S; Michael Moses, 1837; L. J. Vanrtermarli. 1805, 1873, 1874; William Croop, 18011, 1S70; Hug:h noyle, 1873; W. C. Graver, 1875, 1870; Ebimezer Morjfan, 1875; A. J. Belies, 1870, 1877; Philip Belles, 1877; William Dehincy, 1878; J. P. Alexander, 1878; John Semmer, 1879; Adam R. Belles, 1879. Town Plcrlts.—Masnn F. Alden, 1767-93; Fredericl: Cresmer, 1794 ; Jona- than Smith, 179.5-1800; Jonathan Kellcy, 1800-07 ; Robert Lewis, 1807-31 ; John Kidney, 1831-35 ; Henry Deflord, 183.)-28 ; John Vanrtermarli, 1838- 50 ; S- P. Vandermark, 1857 ; Silas Itombach, 1857-59 ; Jacob Kocher, ISOO ; William Sehloppey, 1800 ; James Black, 1801, since which time there lias been none. JiKdVc^.— Appointed: Christian Stout, 1813; Francis AlcShane, 1813; Isaac Hartaell, 1814; Jacob Rambach, 1819; Samuel .lameson, 1833 ; Bateman Downing, 1833.; Thomas Williams, 1831; John Vandermark, 18:18 : John Forsman, 1839. Elected : John Vandermark, 18+0, 1845, 1858 ; Jacob Ram- bach, latO; Da\'id Thompson, 1845; Philip Myers, 1847, 18.53; William Belles, 18.50; William A. Schlcppy, 1855; William Belles 3ud, 18.50 ; Simon P. Vanderm.irk, 1800, 1805, 1870; Andrew J. Smith, 1873; E.N. Adams, 1874; William Morgan, 1878. Lodge Histories. Wntiamie Loilge, A^o. S67, /. O. O. F. was instituted March 5th, 1874, with the following charter members: Past grand, William Barnes; J. U. Oplinger, John Sem- mer, Joseph Biirley, George Hurley, John W. James, Thomas Parker, William Morgan, John Elliott, Gomer Jones, Evan T. Jones, S. P. George, C, S. Fargo, John W. Crane, E. N. Adams, J. P. Fine, S. Bradley, A. Lape and George Seager. The first officers were: George Burley, N. G.; John Elliott, V. G.; William Morgan, secretary; Joseph Bur- ley, A. S.; John Semmer, treasurer. The following per- sons have presided in this lodge: Joseph Burley, ThoiTias Parker, John D. Williams, Daniel J. Lewis, C. S. Fargo, W. L. Jones, S. H. Oplinger and Dr. William Barnes. The present officers are: William L. Jones, N. G.; Dan- iel Lloyd, V. G.; C. S. Fargo, secretary; J. P. Fine, A. S.; J. M. Norris, treasurer. Meetings are held each Saturday night at Wanamie. Golden Chain Lodge, No. 332, K. of P. was instituted November 2gth, 1871. The charter members were Wil- liam S. Williams, David Edwards, Abenego Reese, John G. Phillip.s, Evan J. Jones, Thomas J. Davis, William F. Giles, Thomas A. Stevens, John F. Good, Thomas Half- penny, Reese Thomas, William Jenkins, David Williams, William C. Dunn, G. Matthews, Thomas York, Evan P. Evans and William Reese. The first officers were: T. J. Edwards, W. C; A. Reese, V. C; Thomas Halfpenny, V. P.; Thomas York, W. G.; William Davis, W. B. The past chancellors of this lodge are T. J. Edwards, A. Reese, Thomas Halfpenny, George York, John York, Thomas York, C. S. Fargo, William Morgan, J. W. Crowse and John Folo. The present officers are: Evan B. Jones, C. C; Henry M. Davis, V. C; William Morgan, K. of R.; C. S. Fargo, M. of E. Lodge meets at Wanamie. Som of Temperance. — A division of this order was es- tablished at Wanamie March 21st, 1879, with James Thomson, Dr. John Gendell, Samuel Salmon, George L. Morgan, James A.Young, Addie Fairchild, Jane Morgan, Elizabeth Gendell and Addie Montgomery as charter members. The officers were: William Morgan, W. P.; E. N. Adams, R. C; Samuel Salmon, F. S.; Mrs. E. N. Adams, I. G., and James A. Youngs, O. G. The division meets at the M. E. church. A Workingwan's Association was organized in April, i86g, with John L. Davis president, James Burns vice- president, Richard Richards secretary. After passing through ^•arious vicissitudes, and playing an important part in (he strifes between the men and the company, the association was disbanded in 1S72. PITTSTON TOWNSHIP HIS is one of the original Connecticut town- ships whicli retained its name at the time of the second division, in 1790. It was first called Pittston in honor of Sir William Pitt. It is situated on the left bank of the Susque- hanna, immediately below the mouth of the Lack- awanna, and contains the remaining thirty-six square miles of old Pittston, one of the five townships which the Susquehanna Land Company, in 1768, resolved to survey in the heart of Wyoming valley. The flood of March, 1784, swept away the surveyor's landmarks, and on the 17th of that month an act was passed to provide for ascertaining and confirming to certain persons, called Connecticut settlers, the title gained prior to the decree of Trenton. The lands in Pittston township certified to be in constructive possesion of Connecticut settlers be- came certified Pittston. In 1790 John Phillips, David Brown, J. Blanchard, Caleb Bates, John Davidson and J. Rosin appear as aboard with authority to lay out public highways in the township. The pioneers of Pittston were principally Connecticut Yankees, with a small complement of New Jersey people, some of whom came here by way of the older settlements farther down the valley. The settlements on this side of the river must date from as early as 1770, for in 1772 John Jenkins, Isaac Tripp, Jonathan Dean and others established a ferry across the river to connect this with the settlement at Wyoming and Exeter; and the following year James Brown, Lemuel Harding and Caleb Bates were constituted directors of the township, with authority to assess and collect taxes. A list of the people who were assessed in 1796 in what was then Pittston preserves the names of a large part of the settlers prior to that date. The list, as copied by Mr. Pearce in his Annals of Luzerne, is appended: James Armstrong, Enos Brown, David Brown, Elisba Bell, Waterman Baldwin, Jeremiah Blanchard, John Benedict, Ishmael Bennett, A. Bowcn, James Brown, jr., Anthony Ben.5choter, R. Billings, Conrad Bcrger, J. Blanchard, .ir., Samuel Gary, John Clark, George Cooper, James Christy, Jcdediah Collins, John Davidson, David Dimoek, Asa Dimock, Robert Faulkner, Solomon Finn, Nathaniel Giddings, Isaac Gould, Ezekiel Gobal, Joshua Griffin, Daniel Gould, Jesse Gardner, Richard Halstead, Isaac Hewitt, Daniel Hewitt, John Honival, Joseph Hazard, Abraham Hess, Jonathan Hutchlns, John Herman, Lewis Jones, Joseph Knapp, Samuel Miller, William Miller, Samuel Miller, jr., Ebene- zer Marcy, Jonathan Marcy, Isaac Miles, Cornelius Nephew, John Phil- lips, James Scott, John Scott, William H. Smith, Rodger Searle, William •^ 328 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. SearJe, Miner Searle, James Stephens, Elijah Silsby, Elijah Silsby, jr.. Comfort Shaw, Jonathan Stark, James Thompson, Isaac Wilson, .Tohn Warden, Crandall Wilcox, Thomas Wright. The settlers on this side of the river in 1778 bore their part in the common defence, for we find records and traditions of at least two forts or stockades here, one near Patterson's lumber-yards and the other not far from the stone grist-mill at the ferry bridge. Dr. Nathaniel Giddings was the first physician in the settlement. He came from Connecticut in 1787, aid practiced medicine here until his death, in 1851. He set one of the first orchards in the township on his farm, near the Ravine shaft. About the time he came Z. Knapp, grandfather of Dr. A. Knapp, located in that vicinity. William Searle came from Connecticut before the massacre, and occupied a farm near those just men- tioned. Rodger Searle's first hou.se stood where the Ravine shaft is, but in 1789 he moved to Pleasant Valley. David Brown, mentioned as assessed in 1796, had settled the D. D. Hosier place as early as 1790. Some of the trees he set for an orchard on this farm are still standing, and mark the spot where he lived. His .son, Richard Brown, settled Thomas Benedict's farm. Samuel Miller's farm was in this immediate vicinity. His date is 1789. Elijah Silsbee was here in 1778. His residence was on the north side of Parsonage street, opposite James L. Giddings. William Slocum lived where Edward Morgan now does, and the Benedict family lived near Mr. Mor- gan's stone quarry. One of the first clearings in what is now the lower part of Pittston borough was made where the depot and the Farnham House now are. One of the early orchards was here. Another was set by Mr. Ben- edict near where the Pittston knitting-mill stands, and Rodger Searle set another at the same time on his place. For sixty years after the settlements were begun in Pittston the Yankee element predominated in the popu- lation of the township, but with the discovery of coal began the great influx of the various European nationali- ties that make up the heterogeneous pojjulation as it is found to-day. The Scotch came in large numbers in 1850-55, al- though many of the most experienced miners came to America before coming to Pittston, attracted by the gold mining of California. The inroad of the Welsh was more gradual, as ihey had previously come to the older mines at Carbondale, and came down the valley as the coal fields were developed. The English element, less numerous than the others, came here at various times with the growth of the place. Old Erin and Germany are represented here by pros- perous and substantial people. The population of the township is 2,666. MiNiiiiG IN Pittston BoROUr:H and TnwNsinp. The growth of Pittston and the boroughs surrounding it are as purely the result of the discovery of coal here as is the prosperity of any place in the anthracite region. Before the opening of the canal in 1832, Calvin St^ock- bridge and Col. James W. Johnson had sent considerable quantities of coal down the river to tide witer in "arks" as they were called. These arks were roughly built boats eighteen feet wide and eighty or ninety feet long, and would carry eighty tons. They were usually built and loaded on the shore during low water and "run" during the freshets, after the manner of rafting. Col. Johnson sold his works to William R. Griffith and associates, who also purchased the franchises of the Washington Railroad Company and, by a consolidation of charters, formed the Pennsylvania Coal Company, a corporation which operates a large proportion of all the collieries in this vicinity. The Erie railroad owns, under the name of the Hillside Coal and Iron Company, an extensive colliery at Pleasant Valley. The Ontario colliery, at Pleasant Valley, consisting of two tunnels, one slope and a shaft, is owned by the Lehigh Valley Coal Company. The Pittston Coal Company was organized in 1875 by parties who had bought the property of the old Pittston and Elmira Company. They operate the Seneca slope, the Ravine shaft and the twins. The Columbia mine, at the head of the canal, opened in 1862, is worked by Grove Bros., Danville, Pa. The Phoenix Coal Company is operating in this vicinity. J. McFarlane & Co. sunk the Eagle shaft at Tomp- kins colliery in 1850. Alvah Tompkins, the present owner, succeeded them in 1855. The Butler Coal Company is operating the old Butler mines, which were opened in 1835 by John L. & Lord But- ler. Judge Mallory, of Philadelp'-.ia, a brother-in-law of the Butlers, became a partner, and their canal shipping port at Pittston thus came to be called Port Mallory— a name also applied to the old hotel at that point. The company has about one hundred and fifty acres, with one shaft and one breaker. About twenty acres of their old workings are on fire, and the pillars and abandoned coal are burning. No value is being destroyed, although a good deal has been written of the burning mine. They are working the Marcy vein immediately under the fire. HUGHESTOWN BOROUGH. ^ HIS new borough was formed from the part of J^^ Pittston township situated between Pleas |lj ant Valley on the east and Pittston borough «#=«= It., „.. f^^^ on the west. It was chartered on the 19th ^ borough election was held. J. J. Schmaltz was elected burgess; Cnthbert Snowdon, Gotlieb Schmaltz, John B. Clarke, Charles Mathewson, George Gill and John W. Williams, council- men; r. J. Snowdon, clerk; Aaron Oliver, chief of police: Daniel S. Hosier, treasurer, and John B. Hosier, justice! ^ *^^ EARLY HISTORY OF PITTSTON BOROUGH— HOTELS— MAILS. 329 The principal business of the borough is that carried on in LOnnection with the Pennsylvania Coal Company's extensive collieries located here. The population is 1,200. PITTSTON BOROUGH. ^N the 5th of January, 1853, the grand jury of Luzerne county was petitioned by a majority of the freeholders to incorporate a portion of Pittston township as a borough. The judg- ment of the grand jury was favorable to the peti- tioners, and April nth, 1833, the court con- firmed the judgment of the grand jury and the borough was organized, and the following year the boundaries were extended. Although several of the earliest settlements of the town- ship were within the present borough lines, yet in 1828 there were but fourteen heads of families living within the present limits of the borough. These were John Al- ment, Calvin T. Richardson, Calvin Stockbridge, John •-Stewart, who kept a hotel, Nathaniel Giddings, John Bene- dict, Jacob Lance, who came from New Jersey in 1820, Samuel Miller, Solomon Brown, a blacksmith, Adam Bel- cher, Amos Fell, Ishmael Bennett, a blacksmith, and Frank Belcher. When the borough was laid out there was a deep ravine crossing Main street, near the present ofiSce of the Penn- sylvania Coal Company. This was bridged by a tressle forty or fifty feet high, and since then, after at least one stage load of passengers had been precipitated through it, the whole ravine has been graded in, and a well paved street and substantial buildings cover the spot. When the Pittston and Wilkes-Barre plank road was built, in 185 r, a large tressle work was put in near Patterson's lumber yard, to straighten the street by crossing the ravine. Grading here too has since taken the place of the tressle. Parsonage street, by the way of Hughestown, was the old original Scranton road. The formation of the municipal government was completed on the 30th of April, 1853, by the election of John Hosie, burgess; J. v! L. Dewitt, H. P. Messenger, George Daman, Theodore Strong and James McFarlane, councilmen; John Kelchner, constable; D. P. Richards, John Sax and Ralph D. Lacoe, assessors; Smith Sutherland, Valentine Rowe, overseers of poor; Alvah Tompkins, Nathaniel Giddings, James M. Brown, Levi Barnes, J. A. Hann, John Love, school directors; Jesse Williams, C. R. Gorman, H. S Phillips, auditors; Nathaniel Giddings, Joseph Knapp, Michael Reap, inspectors of election. The following is as complete a list of burgesses as the imperfect condition of the borough records can furnish: E B Evans. 1854; William Furgeson, 1855; Charles R. Gorman, 1856, 1857; J- B. Fisher, Abram Price; M. Reap, 1S61-65; James Brown; R Sheridan, 1867; John B Smith 1868; James Walsh, 1869; Andrew Law, 1870; J P Schooley, 1871; James L. McMillan, 1872; James McKane, 1873; Michael Reap, 1874-76; Joseph Cool, 1877; Patrick Henrey, 1878; James O'Donnell, 1879; L. B. Ensign, 1880. The population of the borough in 1880 was 7,472 against 6,760 in 1870. Hotels. The first attempt at tavern keeping at Pittston was made about 1799, by Colonel Waterman Baldwin, on the lower side of Main street, above the Seneca store. Un- der the huge antlers that surmounted the bar. Miner Searle, Jacob Bedford, John Sax and Calvin T. Richard- son have since stood and ministered to the demands of thirsty travelers. The Baltimore House was the next. It stood on the east side of Main street, near House's ■saloon. Beginning with 1805 the landlords of old times were Peter Decker, Eleazer Gary, Asaph Pratt and William Hart. The Bull's Head was built by John Benedict, sen., near Edward Morgan's stone quarry. Thomas Benedict's father kept it several years, and finally it was occupied by John C. Doty as a dweUing. The Stockbridge Hotel was built in 1830 by Calvin Stockbridge, a contractor on the canal. The Butler Coal Company became the owners, and Judge Garret Mallory, a partner in the company, named the hotel Port Mallory. Subsequently a large swan was displayed as the sign, and it came to be known as the Swan Hotel. George Lazarus kept it until 1848, when he built the Eagle Hotel, now kept by Julius Scott. James D. Fonsman next kept the Swan, and subsequently Mrs. Ehret has kept it as the Farmers' Hotel. Mr. Fons- man in T849 built the Butler House, now kept by Robert Green. The principal hotels now are the Farnham House, by L. F. Farnham, and the Eagle Hotel, both well fur- nished and well kept as first-class houses of the modern style. Postal Facilities. When the weekly mail route was established, in 1799, between Wilkes-Barre and Owego, the mail for Pitts- ton was distributed from the houses of William Slocum and Doctor Giddings, and this irregular arrangement continued until iSto as a sort of branch, by way of the ferry, from the regular mail route, which was on the oppo- site side of the Susquehanna. In 181 1 a post-office was es- tablished and Eleazer Cary was appointed postmaster. A route from Scranton to Wilkes-Barre supplied the office with a weekly mail. Deodat Smith and Zephaniah Knapp were the mail carriers on this route until about 1821. Zephaniah Knapp, the second post-master here, caused the removal of the office to Babylon, and soon afterwards the Pittston Ferry post-office was established, with John Alment as post-master. Alment was an Irish Quaker, blind in one eye and deaf in one ear. He had kept an early store in a log house near the Hughestown ceme- tery. The boys had robbed him and made his business quite unprofitable, so he bought a frame building on Parsonage street and moved it to the site of Pugh Bros,' store on Main street. In this building he kept the post- office, and at that time it was the most southerly building but one on Main street. The successive postmasters Hh ^H= 33° HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. have been Abram Bird, Dr. Anson G. Curtis, William S. Ridin, Charles R. Gorman, James Searle, James Walsh, George M. Ridiart, Benjamin Ensign and J. B. Shiffer, the present incumbent. Journalise in Pittston. The Pitiston Gazette was established in August, 1850, by G. M. Richart and H. S. Phillips, both practic: 1 printers. It was a twcnty-eight-column paper, twenty- four by thirty-eight, and received from the first a cordial support. The paper was Whig in politics until the \Vhig party was supplanted by the Republican, when it look a leading position in the new ranks. In November, 1S53, Mr. Richart bought out his partner. He published the paper until March, 1S57, at which time he sold to Dr. John Henry Puleston, of New York. Dr. Puleston, who is now a member of the British Parliament, was a Welsh- man of refined manners and liberal education, and his labors in the Fremont campaign had given him a wide and favorable reputation. He was a ready and forcible writer, so that under his management the good standing of the Gazette was fully sustained. In the spring of i860 Dr. Puleston sold to G. M. Richart, Benjamin D. Beyea and Abel C. Thompson. The firm of Richart, Beyea & Thompson contended until the fall of 1863, when Mr. Richart for the second time assumed the sole proprietor- ship of the paper. In June, i86g, Mr. Richart leased for one year to J. W. Freeman, and again took possession in June, 1870. In June, 1874, a half interest in the Gazette office was sold to Theo. Hart, jr. The firm of Richart & Hart continued until the ist of May, 1878. Mr. Hart has since been the sole editor and proprietor. Under his management the Gazette is wielding strong influence in the public affairs of the Wyoming valley, and maintains its position as a substantial factor in local journalism. It is now the oldest paper under its original title in the Lackawanna and Wjoming valleys. Up to the winter of 1867 the Gazette was printed on a No. 4 VVashingtt n hand press, when Mr. Richart purchased a new cylinder, and enlarged to thirty-two and subsequently thirty-six columns. As early as 1854 he put into the Gazette office a ruling machine, and in 1858 added to his job print- ing office a power job press. These two machines were the pioneers of their kind in the Lackawanna and Wyo- ming valleys. The Pittston Herald, a small Democratic paper, was started in the winter of 1855 by Edward S. Neibell, a young printer from Wayne county. In a few weeks some persons unknown invaded the office at night and "pied " the type. Soon afterward an incendiary fire com- pletely demoralized things again, and Mr. Neibell sold his material to Mr. Richart, of the Gazette, and removed. The Pittston Free Press, a seven-column weekly, in- dependent in politics, was published a few months in 1859 by Lieutenant Arnold C. Lewis. The Wyoming ]'alley Journal was established in 1871 by J. M. Armstrong, B. F. Hughes and George D. Leis- enring. It was a well-equipped paper at the outset. After a few months Mr. Armstrong bought out his part- ners, and employed at different times as editors Col. D. C. Kitchen, W. J. Bruce, Col. W. W. Shore and others. He also issued for a short time a small evening pa|)jr called the Daily Journal. These papers were indepcml- ent in politics, and in moral sentiment always high-toned. After some two years the concern was leased to J. \V. Freeman, who consolidated it with the Pittston Comet, which he had started in 1870. The consolidated paper was known as the Pittston Comet anil Wyoming Vallev Journal, and was a decidedly live element in local jour- nalism. It acquired a large circulation and a State re[)u- tation. In 1877 it was discontinued and the material sold to Lewis Gordon. Next in order comes the Piizerne Leader, a Democratic paper, started in 1S76 by E. A. Niven and Charles H. Chamberlin. After some months' existence here it was bought by parties in VVilkes-Barre, to which place it was removed. It was subsequently consolidated with the /.i/zerne Union, and, as the Union-Leader, has become the leading Democratic paper of Luzerne county. The Evening Press was started in 1877 by W. B. Kel- ler, in the job printing office of Lewis Gordon. Mr. Keller retired after a few months, being succeeded by Messrs. Yost & Sutton, later by Messrs. Tinker & Rus- sell, and in the spring of 1880 by Lewis Gordon, the present publisher. The Sunday Plain Dealer was established in 1S78 by J. C. Coon, and in a few months removed to Wilkes- Barre, where the paper is still published by Mr. Coon under the title of the Sunday News Dealer. It is issued simultaneously in Scranton and Wilkes-Barre. The Pittston Express, a very neat evening paper, was published during the latter half of August, 1878, by J. T. Sutton and W. H. Rutledge. The publication of the Daily Watchman, a five-column local evening paper, was begun May 26th, 1880, by Charles Tinker and S. J. Richards. Ferries and Bridges. The first bridge across the Susquehanna between Wilkes-Barre and Tunkhannock was built here in 1850 by the Pitts Ferry Bridge Company, succeeding the old rope ferry near the same point. This first bridge was re- placed in 1864 by a covered wooden bridge, which was destroyed in the ice flood of 1875. Within eleven months the King Iron Bridge Company, of Cleveland, put up the beautiful iron bridge now standing. It belongs to the Ferry Bridge Company and cost about $72,000. The Depot Bridge Company in 1874 built another bridge to span the river at Pittston. It cost $75,000 and was partially destroyed on the 17th of February, 1875. It was rebuilt the same year, at a cost of $45,000. The iron bridge belonging to the Bloomsburg r.iilroad was built in 1874, in the place of a covered wooden bridge which had been built when the railroad was opened. This was also seriously damaged in the flood of 1875 and rebuilt. The destruction of these means of river transit made room for two or three steamboats for a short time. 4.¥> --»«^^ ^2^-^ ^c^^ ^:^7C^p'' c:^/^ Unq^ lilj EJ-I. aall S. Stns 13 Baraaii St IT.T. i^h- =*<^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, EXETER AND PITTSTON TOWNSHIPS, HUGHESTOWN, PITTSTON, PLEASANT VALLEY AND WEST PITTSTON BOROUGHS. «S^(»»- ^ MISS SUSAN EVELYN DICKINSON. Miss Susan Eyelyn Dickinson, whose initials are familiar in the pages of the New York Graphic, the Philadelphia Frc»i and other prominent journals, where her delightful letters from the interior of Pennsylvania are eagerly scanned by a large clientage, is one of the most diligent workers of the day, and has done more than any other writer to pre- sent to the world the bright and best side of life In the coal regions. Previous to her advent to the Wyoming valley many metropolitan readers were inclined to doubt whether there was any bright side to the coal fields. The dark side had been given in all its sombre depth, and it remained for Miss Dickinson to show the silver lining. From her home among the willows of West Pittston she took long trips up and down the valley in quest of information for whatever theme she pro- posed writing upon, deeming no amount of personal privation or incon- venience too great in getting at some new phase in the social condition of the mining masses. No one could be more industrious than this fair little woman, pushing her way like a messenger of light among the grime and dust of coal breakers, the roar of machinery, or along the subten-anean chambers of the mine; while her face is familiar at all the El4ed,ip«lan or literary and musical gatherings of the Welsh, as well as the Father Matthew and other temperance conventions of the Irish. The result of her observation and research is shown in her admirable letters to the papers already named. Slie writes with the earnestness of pi ofound conviction, and her style is incomparable for its amplitude and elegance. She has not sought the surface, like many of her sex of much inferior ability, who have become noted writers of fashion and gossip; because she feels it her duty even in the ordinary pursuit of life to be doing good -righting some wrong, oori-ecting some error, suggest- ing some reform by which men and women wo uld'be their better selves. She has not ventured on the uncertain sea of popular applause, but, en- joying life most when she worlced the liardest, has preferred that sphere — " That can, the world eluding, be itself A world enjoyed, that wants no witnesses But its own sharers and approving lieaveu; That, like a Hower deep hid in roclty cleft. Smiles, though 'tis loolcing only at tlie sky." Susan Evelyn Dickinson was born at the old homestead in Berks county, but as her life from childhood was passed in Philadelphia she delights in being known as a Philndelphian. Her ancestors came to this country in William Penn's time, and she was brought up in the Society of Friends, but joined the Protectant Episcopal chui'ch after leaving school. Her talent as a writer was ilovelnped early— even as a sehiDol gii'l- and her verses over the signatures etf " Elfie Evergreen " and "Ada Vernon," in the Philadelphia SutnnlKn EituIhu P'wf, and " Violet May " in the Boston Tritri /'"'/fi^/ attrn.eted attention and favor- able comment. Subsequently she discontinued writing for several years, the earlier ones being ocunpicd as tciicher in the public schools of Philadelphia. In 1S73 her pen was emplciy(Hl during the Greeley cam- liaign, and in 1874 she accepted an engagement on the New York Hrrnlil Rtflft", beginning with the admirable reiinrt of the great Empire mine fire at Wilkes-Barre. Since then she liixs dime some excellent special department work on that joiii-niil, and furnished it with occa- sional correspondence from the coal region, besides contributing a valuable series of northeastern Pennsylvania letters to the Graithk and Philadelphia PrciH and writing se\'eral ideiisant sketches and short stories. Justly proud of her sister Anna's brilliant talents. Miss Susan E. Dick- inson in another and equally important sphere is still exerting, by means of her facile pen, her power for good on the public mind, and residing with her venerable mother in the romantic retirement of fair Wyoming. ANDREW BKYDEN. Andrew Bryden, whose portrait appears in this work, is a native of Ayrshire, Scotland. He was born January 27th, 1837. After coming to this country he engaged in mining, and married Miss Ann Law, of Car- bondale, Pa. Mr. Bryden is now employed by the Pennsylvania Coal Company and is associated with William Law as mine superintendent at Pittston. E. L. ELUTHOBP. Emmet L. Ellithorp was born in Edinburgh, Saratoga county, N. Y., December 6th, 1840, and was married to Miss Susan Gilmore, of Cohoes, Albany county, N. Y. Mr. Ellithorp .served as lieutenant during the Hebellion and has filled various offloial positions. He is engaged in the manufacture of knit shirts and drawers at the West Pittston Knitting Mills. J. D. GREEN. John D. Green, stove manufacturer, Pittston, was born at Scranton, July 1st, 1850. Mrs. Green, formerly Miss Hattie A. .loiies, is also a na- tive of Scranton. DANIEL HARDING (Deoeared). The Harding family, which has been identified with the affairs of the Wyoming valley from its early settlement, is of English e.vtraotion. The name is traceable in English records as early as 1380. There are thirteen males of the family registered in New England in 1030, and it is probable that they came with the John Endicott company. Thomas Harding of Connecticut was the father of James Harding, who came to Exeter in 1807. James's family consisted of seven children, of whom Daniel— the subject of this sketch, was the oldest sou. He was born in Connecticut, in 1802, and hence was but Ave years of age when his father removed to Exeter. His early j'ears were spent on the farm with his parents, and 1^ 4h *4= =HP* 33°^ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. there, under the stern tutorage of necessity, he formed as a toy the habits of industry and frugality which were traceable throughout his subsequent career as a man. Socially Ms life was an eventful one. On December 2nd, 1831, he was married to Nancy, daughter of Gould Whit- look, one of the early settlers of the township. In July, 1848, she died, and in October of the following year he was married to Nancy Lee. Her death on the 17th of May, 1858, loft Mr. Harding alone with a family of five children. Eight years later, on the 3nd o£ February, 1866, Abigail Sutton, daughter of George Sutton, from Connecticut, came to his home as the wife of his declining years. Here she survives him, deserv- edly enjoying a competence from the ample estate which Mr. Harding's correct business habits had enabled him to accumulate. Mr. HarJiUR's death occurred in April, 1880. Politically he was a lifelong Democrat, and though prominent as such, we And those who were politically op- posed to him to have been among his firmest friends and most ardent admirers. He was called by the people to the important duties of trea- surer of Luzerne county at a time when the financial troubles of 1838-43 had left the finances of the county in a critioiil condition. He discharged the duties in a maste.-ly manner and made hundreds of lifelong friends. Being a large stockholder in the Pittston Ferry Bridge Company, he was called to supervisees affaii-s as president, which position he filled until a short time before his death. Mr. Hai-ding was regarded as one of the most public spirited and best read men of his township. The charitable acts by which his life was characterized have embalmed his uame in r.ve hearts of all the poor who know him, and more than justify this passiag tribute to a man whose lite work was a worthy pattern for- posterity. HENET HAHDING. Henry Harding, deceased, a son of John Harding, was born in 1801, and married in 1825 to Sally, daughter of Andrew Montanye, sen. Mr. Harding died in 1868, after a useful Ufe. His widow occupies the home- stead, a view of which is given elsewhere in this work. GEORGE HICB. George Hice, a son of Henry Hice, who came from New Jersey to the Wyoming valley about 1817, was born at Wyoming, in 1823. He came to his present farm in Exeter in 1860. The same year be was married to Emily Mathers, of Wyoming. Their family consists of two sons, John F., in Kansas, and Charles F., operating the home farm. J. T. KERN. J. T. Kern, a gardener at the head of theWyoming valley, is the son of Henry Kern, jr., and grandson of Henry Kern, who came from New Jersey about 1812. He was horn in 1830, and luarried in 1864 to Mary Honawell, of Dallas, Pa. WILLIAM LAW. William Law is one of the representative men of Scottish birth who form so prominent an clemeut of the present population of Pittston. He was born December 8th, 1824, and after coming to America married Catharine Bryden, of Carbondale, a sister of Andrew Bryden. Mr. Law has been for years in the employ of the Pennsylvania Coal Com- pany, and is now superintendent (associated with Andrew Bryden) of the company's work in and around Pittston. JAMES MCMILLAN is a native of Scotland, and was born at Wanlockhead, in the county of Dumfries. After completing the usual course of Scottish boys' edu- cation at the village school he passed through the practical course of a lead miner. In a few years he emigrated to the United States. Several members of the family had preceded him to America, and their settle- ment at Pittston determined his pubUc career. He came to the Wyom- ing valley in the autumn of 1853, worked for a number of years as a miner in the works of the Pennsylvania Coal Company, and revisited his native country in 1667, taking advantage of an older brother's residence In Edinburgh to pursue some practical studies in that city. Returning to Pennsylvania in 1868, he went after a time to the California gold fields, but soon abandoned the rough life of that newly opened country for the quieter if less lucrative engagements of the anthracite coal fields. His careful education stood him in good stead and he soon found a suitable sphere for its exercise. After having been occupied foratimeon the county survey of Luzerne he entered on a situation of trust in the Pennsylvania Coal Company's service, from which after some years, he retired to carry on business on his own account. For a number of years he has been a partner in the firm of Law & McMillan Pittston, managing the Pleasant Valley branch of the business. Mr! McMillan has been postmaster at Marr since the establishment of an of- fice in that village, and has taken a leading part in all the ecclesiastical educational and political affairs of the district. ' JAUfES O'DONNELL. James O'Donnell, burgess of Pittston borough in 1879,wasborn in Ire- land, in 1823, and came to this country in 1847. He was one of the origi- nators of the Miners' Saving Bank of Pittston. He was formerly a farmer in Wayne county. Pa., but since 1860 has been in commercial business in Pittston. REV. N. G. PARKE. The Rev. Nathan Grier Parke comes of a good old American stock, in which Scottish and English blood, with the Presbyterianism of the one and the Puritanism of the other, are very fairly mingled. He is in a double sense " a son of the manse," his mother having been a daughter of the Rev. Nathan Grier, for many years pastor of Brandywine Manor church, Chester county, and his father the Rev. Samuel Parke, pastor of Slateridge church, in York county, Pa. His father's parsonage was a good school for a boy, and his training developed a vigorous, self-reliant character. He graduated from Jefferson College before he had com- pleted his twentieth yeaf ; and four years later, in the spring of 1844, he received his diploma in theology from Princeton. Immediately after graduation Mr. Parke entered on his life-work at Pittston, and under circumstances which vividly illustrate the changes wrought during the last forty years. The church at Wilkes-Barre was then the center of Presbyterian influence in the Wyoming and Lackawanna valleys. North of the Susquehanna, as far up as Carbondale, the " forest primeval " was almost unbroken. The Lackawanna poured its f uU flood of clear, limpid, trout-abounding waters along a channel overshadowed with mighty pines and hemlocks, and through glades of grand old beeches and maples and oaks. A few.Bcattered homesteads with theirpatches of cultivated cornfield and meadow dotted the wilderness. The old forge at Babylon was a sort of exchange, where the farmers for many mile* around used to congregate for the transaction of business. Half a dozen families clustered on the hillside overlooking Slocum Hollow, with its sparse settlements of lumbermen. Scranton was not. Beyond the flats of Capoose, on the edge of the mountains, the village of Providence nestled amid its leafy dells. The hunter, the trapper and the woodman had the upper reaches of the Lackawanna aU to themselves. A man of far-seeing penetration and true missionary spirit chanced to be forty years ago minister of Wilkes-Barre. Dr. John Dorrance cared for the scattered families away out in the wilderness as well as for the flock safely housed in the fold. He was like-minded with the Bev. Cyrus Glldersloeve, his predecessor in the charge of Wilkes-Barre, who, as early as 1821, added to his other labors those of a teacher and evangelist in the cottages and hamlets along the Lackawanna. He foresaw the future of the valley, and, unable personally to supply the means of grace to the scattered settlers, he employed missionaries to labor among them under his direction. He was fortunate in the men whom he called to his aid. Most notable among those early Presbyterian evangelists was Father Hunt, a man altogether unique, who so lately as the winter of 1876, in a ripe old age, passed to his reward. One still survives, honor- ably retired from the ministry, the Kev. Charles Evans, of South Bend, Indiana. It was in succession to Mr. Evans that Mr. Parke entered on his life work in the Lackawanna valley. To a young man of high spirit and fresh from the seminary there was little inviting in the position of an evangelist among the Moosic mountains; and possibly had the offer ^^- <¥ hi'i'i h'l II II- Hall. ^- ■,'-u£ I . i.-'U . h„j SiN r Untj^^y B.£.IlaV ii Soils L3 Barclay SrlT.Y^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 330 C" of a permanent appointment been presented to him the young' preacher might have declined it. But Dr. Dorranoe made his proposal in the first instance to a college friend of Mr. Parlte, who, heing at the moment not free to accept the engagement, begged the future minister of Pittston to occupy that outpost until he should himself be ready to enter the field. Thus it came to pass that young Parke came to the valley as a substitute for one for whom by the time he was ready to en- ter personally on the ministry Providence had prepared another and not less important sphere in the far northwest. John W. Sterling, whom Dr. Dorranoe had designed to be his coadjutor in the gospel among the farmers and lumbermen of Lackawanna, has spent an active life and still works with unabated vigor as a leading educationalist in the State University of Wisconsin. Nathan Grior Parke, whom Sterling sent to Lackawanna as his locicm tcncm^ remains there, holding the fort, with all the dew of his youth upon him, for Christ and His gospel. It was in the spring of 1844 that the young preacher left his father's manse at Slate- ridge, mounted on horseback, and a ride of two hundred miles across mountain and forestbroughthim after some days to VVilkes-Uarre. There was little of the " domine " in the young man's aspect. The toll keeper at Wilkes-Barre bridge exacted his accustomed fare as he passed the re- ceipt of custom, handsomely apologizing afterward for the levy on the ground that the rider did not look like a preacher. But the preacher learned to like the people among whom his lot had been thus cast, while the people t-ook at the same time a strong liking for the preacher. Nor have well nigh forty years of mutual ijitercourse altered the estimate which so early each formed of the other. One hundred dollars a year guaranteed by the board of home missions was the sole income of Mr. Parke on his entrance to the ministry. But Elisha Atherton had a prophet's chamber, in which for the space of three years the young min- ister was hospitably lodged, and the stout steed which had borne him from his father's manse shared with his master the best of the farmer's fodder. So, unburdened with anxiety as to what he should eat or what he should drink, or as to raiment— what he should put on, with a true apostolic spirit he set himself to teach and to preach, journeying far and near, up the valley and across the mountains, ministering at cottage firesides and roadside schoolrooms at Pittston, then a straggling village ; at Old Forge, the main commercial center of the region ; at the hamlet of Taylorville, amid the swamps of Harrison (as Scranton was then called), to the lumbermen at Hyde Park, to the villages of Providence, and over the hills In Abington and Newton. Father Hunt used to tell that two years of continuous itinerating in the same field brought him, in addition to his allowance from the mission board, a supplemental salary from his scattered flock in the shape of a finely dressed skunk's skin and several pairs of stockings. Mr. Parke fared better indeed dur- ing these early years of itineracy, but the utmost ever raised in aid of his salary left him still passing rich on less than two hundred dollars. All the same with a light purse he bore about with him a light heart. His bread was ever given him, and the pleasure of the Lord prospered in his hand. Three years passed of earnest, continuous, painstaking work, and now It became plain that Pittston must be the center of Mr. Parke's work. A substantial brick building, now used as a public school, situate near the head of the old canal, was erected and dedicated. Into this new church the congregation already gathered passed from the old red school-house close by, where they used to meet and where, on the 7th of July, 1846, Mr. Parke was ordained. Here for eleven years the Pres- byterian congregation of Pittston continued to worship, until the present edifice received the largely increased fiock which waited on his mraistry. Scranton had developed its great proportions, and demanded all the care that a separate pastor could bestow, and in due season Pleasant Valley, away up in a wooded hollow among the hills, began to attract a large working population of miners; while the west side of the Susquehanna offered special inducements to the wealthy citizens of Pittston to seek a pleasant home amid its shades. In Scranton, Pleasant Valley and West Pittston thriving Presbyterian churches under, their several pastors have been organized and established. But amid all changes, and in spite of these successive migrations from the original home, the church of Pittston holds its own, strong in numbers and intel- ligence and Christian activities, while Mr. Parke stands facile princeps among his brethren, a true Presbyterian bishop by the will of man and none the less by the grace of God. In 1847 Mr. Parke was married to Miss Ann Elizabeth Cildersleeve, a granddaughter of the old minister of Wilkes-Barre, by whom he has had a family of seven children, of whom three sons and a daughter survive. MICHAEL HEAP. Michael Heap was born in Ballyoastle, county Mayo, Ireland, on the 31st of September, 1831, and died in Pittston, Luzerne county. Pa., May nth, 1878. On landing in this country, in 1840, he had only two British pennies in his pocket, and had had but limited opportunities for educa- tion in his boyhood. He immediately sought and obtained work on the Erie Canal. Subsequently he labored on a farm- in Blakely township, and in the fall of 1843 obtained employment at a blast furnace in Scran- ton, where by his industry and application he reached the position of keeper of the furnace, at $1.50 per day, which compensation was large m comparison with the prices paid for labor at that time. After leaving the furnace he opened a smaU grocery, and in 1851, in connection with Mr. Thomas Benedict, started in Pittston a general country store under the firm name of Heap & Benedict. In 1855 Mr. Benedict retired and Mr. Heap continued the business until 1867, when he was succeeded by his son and nephew. He retired from his mercantile pursuits having accumulated, by his own indomitable energy and good business quali- fications, what was considered a snug fortune. He gave generously of his time and money to aid in building up his adopted town, Pittston. He was seven times elected burgess of the borough. He was active and instrumental in introducing gas and water into the borough, and was president of the Pittston Gas Light Company and treasurer of the Pittston Water Company. In 1869 he was one of the organizers of the Miners' Savings Bank of Pittston, and its vice-presi- dent until 1872, when, the president, Mr. J. B. Smith, retiring, he was elected his suoee.ssor, which position he retained until failing health, a few months previous to his death, compelled him to resign. During the panic caused by the failure of Jay Cooke & Co. it was reported in the local papers that the bank had failed ; but the report was false, and how zealously its president guarded the interest of its depositors was demonstrated on that occasion, when he nobly pledged his own estate ' and stood in the gap ready to secure any and all who had deposited their hard earned earnings in his care. The bank, however, passed through the ordeal unscathed and came forth with the still greater con- fidence of the public. In 1844 Mr. Reap was married to Miss Honora Connor, an Irish lady then living at Carbondale, and in 1849 to Miss Mary Bowlin, who survives him. He was always a great friend to education — having been deprived of its advantages in his youth— and his first care for his children was to see that they were well educated; and at his death he left a legacy for the founding of a convent school in Pittston. Hewas a consistent and good Catholic and was always attentive to his Christian duties. His success in life was attributed to his determina- tion to rise in the world, aided by his never tiring industry; always cau- tious, never venturing beyond liis depth and not given to wild specu- lation, but confining himself to a safe, legitimate business, he is with- out doubt a true type of the self-made man. ' WILLIAM SCHOOLET. William Schooley, a resident of Exeter for sixty-two years, was born In New Jersey, in 1816, and came to Exeter with his father when only two years of age. He was married in 1844 to Sarah Breese, who was born in Kingston in 1819. Their only child is Mrs. J. H. Andrews. Although Mr. Schooley has been a farmer all his life he is not without the spirit of public enterprise; he was one of the original stockholders and officers of the Pittston Ferry Bridge Company, and is a director at the present time. He is now in the si.xty-fif th year of his age, and completed his harvest of the year 1880, for the first time in his life, in the month of June, doing nearly all the labor himself. His father, Joseph Schooley, was one of the pioneer farmers of the valley. In 1835 he took from the bed of the Susquehanna half a ton of coal, drew it sixty -seven miles to Easton, and sold it to a blacksmith for $10. HON. GEOEGE B. SBAMANS, M. D. Hon. George B. Seamans, M. D., was born November 11th, 1880, at Abing- ton, Pa., and graduated from the Pennsylvania Medical College in 1853. He practiced at Dunmore until 1870, when he removed to Pleasant Valley. He was coroner of Luzerne county three years, and in 1876 was elected senator from the twentieth district. In 1878 he was re-elected for the long term, which he is serving. THE SLOCUM FAMILY. On the records of the town of Warwick, K. I., is found the following entry: "These lines may certify that Jonathan Slocum and Kuth Tripp, both of the town of Portsmouth, county of Newport, Rhode Island, were lawfully niarried in Warwick on 23d of February, in the year 1758, by me, Ebenezer Slocum, justice of the peace." On the 6th of November, 1775, Jonathan Fitch conveys to Jonathan Slocum, blacksmith, of Warwick, Kent county, R. I., lot No. 15, 3nd division, Wilkes-Barre town plot. Jonathan Slocum moved into Wyo- ming valley in November, 1777, with seven sons and three daughters, and settled on the lot he had bought of Fitch, On the 2nd of Novem- ber, 1778, his daughter Frances was carried into captivity by Indians, and never returned. After a long search by relatives she was found living near Logansport, Ind., where her brothers and other relatives visited her in 1837. See Miner, pages 247, etc., and Peck, pages 234, etc. She was married to an Indian and had children. She died on the Missi- sinewa, near Peru, Wabash county, Ind., at her residence, on the 23d of March, 1847. Kekenaknshawa, her daughter, wife of Captain Brou- riette, died on the 13th of March, 1847, aged forty-seven years. On the 16th of December, 1778, Jonathan Slocum and his father-in-law, Isaac Tripp, were killed by Indians and tories on the town plot of Wilkes-Barre, and William Slocum, Jonathan's son, was wounded. The father was shot dead. Tripp was wounded and then speared and toma- hawked. Both were scalped. *€¥ ^^:^ *^H= iZoD HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Jonathan and Euth were the heads of the SloOTm family at Wyoming, their family reeord is as follows: Jonathan Slooum, born in 1735, was killed Dceomber lOth,- 1778. Ruth Tripp, born March 31st, 1736, died May Gth, 1807. They were marrii'd February g3d, 1738. Of their children Giles, born January, 1760, died November 14th, 1826. Judith, born October, 1760, died March 11th, 1814. She married Hugh Forsman, February 8ith, 1782. William, born January 6th, 1763, died October 3Cth, I8I0. Ebenezer, born January 10th, 1766, died July 36th, 1833. Mary, born December 32nd, 1708, died April 5th, 1818. She married Town. Benjamin, born December 7th, 1770, died July 5th, 18.33. Fi-anoes, born March, 1773, died March 3d, 1847. Isaac, born March 4th, 1775, died in 1858 in Ohio. Joseph, born April 3d, 1776, died September 27th, 1836; was associate judge of Luzerne county 1840-53. Jonathan, born September 13th, 1777, died in September, 1843. Of these William Slooum was sheriff of Luzerne county from 1790 to 1799, in the territoi-y included in Luzerne, Wyoming, Susquehanna and part of Bradford county. On March 9th, 1799, ho bought of Nathan Baldwin property in Pittston, to which he removed and there died. January 4tb, 1786, he married Sarah Sawyer, who was born May 13th, 1764, and died March leth, 1832. Their children were; Lemuel, born March 24th, 1787, who married Nancy Collins December 30th, 1813, and died August 34th, 1830; Elizabeth, born October 3d, 1788, who married William Jenkins in 1809 .and Zenas Barnum in 1816 and died August 22nd, 1869; Frances, born August 26th, 1790, who married Eleazer Carey, Esq., August 30th, 1813, and died April 7th, 1S33; Laton, born August 16th, 1792, who died January 10th, 1833; Sarah, who was born August 13th, 1794, and died March 17th, 1839; Ithoda, born July 17th, 1796, who married James Wright May 37th, 1839; Merit Slocum, born July 13th, 1798, died July 11th, 1838, was register and recorder from 1838 to the time of his death ; Giles, who was born Jlay 4th, 1801, married Sai-ah Perkins March 9th, 1836, and Sarah Heese Feoruary 9th, 1847, and died May 7th, 1878; William, born May 4th, 1803, married Ann Stewart in September, 1838. On the first of February, 1819, Laton Slocum married Gratey Scovell, who was born December 34th, 1796, and died September .5th, 1839. Chil- dren wore born to them as follows : Frances Carey, May 33d, 1833 ; James Soovell, Ju ly ]2th, 1837 ; WilUam, January 9th , 1839. Gratey Scovell was a daughter of James Scovell (born August 23d, 1701) and Thankful Nash (born in 1781). He died at the head of the valley, January 8th, 1810. She died in Lower E.veter in 1840. Their daughter, Frances Carey Slocum, married Richard A. Oakford, December 37th, 1843. Of their children Joseph Lloyd was born Decem- ber 7th, 1844, and died August 9th, 1846. Elizabeth Paschall, born Decem- ber 8th, 1810, died August 33th, 1849. Anna Wickersham, born August 17th, 1849, married Justice Cox, jr., October 29th, 1873. Laton Slocum, born February 16th, 1852, married Ella S. Smith, November 15th, 1877. Mary FuUei', born January 12th, 18.57, died May 7th, 1838. James William was born June 5th, 1859. Richard Adolphus, born July 20th, 1861, died September 38th, 1801. Colonel Richard A. Oakford was acting aft justice of the peace in the borough of Seranton at the breaking out of the Rebellion. He went out with the tirst bod,y of three months men as colonel of the 15th regiment. On his return he raised a regiment, of which he was elected colonel, known as the 1.33nd Pa. volunteers. He was killed on the 17th of Sep- tember, 1863, at the battle of Antietam, while gallantly leading his men into the thickest of the action. James Scovell Slocum was never married. He grew up on u farm at Exeter and removed to Seranton in 1854, where he took an active part in politics as a republican in the election of 1856. He was one ' '' ^ ^ '*€> GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 33° -E at Kenton, in the same countj-, and came to America in 1843, and to Pittston in 18i3. He has been a mine oontraotor and miner since. William Brown, a miner at Pleasant Valley, was born October 28th, 1848, at Garsphern, in Kirkenbrightshire. His wife, Annie G. Glendon- ingr, was born at Crawford, Scotland. They came to America in 1808. Mr. Brown is clerk of the borough of Pleasant Valley. Myron Brown was born February 10th, 1840, in Pittston. He was married in 1867 to Eleanor E. Atherton, of Plymouth. They have five ohildi'eu. Mr. Brown is a farmer. James A. Bbyden, superintendent of mines, was born in Scotland, in 1833, and came to Pittston in 1853. He was married iu 186J to Marga- ret Young, of Pittston. Archibald L. Bkyden, de.\ler in dry gools at Pittston, was born In Carbondale, Pa., March 3d, 1848. He married Miss Anna A. D.unan, of West Pittston, where he now resides. J. A. A. BuRSCHEL was born in Germany, in 1848. His wife was Anna Lutzinger, from Switzerland. He was revenue assessor in 1839. He built the Forest Castle brewery, in E.xotcr. His father, Peter Bursohel, was with Carl Schurz in his esc.ipe in 1819. Charles H. Campbell, salesman in the lumber yard at Pittston, was born in Lancaster, Pa., March 23nd, 1835. He mirrled Miss BUenor Korts, of Easton, Pa. Mr. Campbell was formerly a railroad con- ductor. Henry Campbell, deceased, of Pleasant Valley, was born in Ireland. He came to America in 1S44. He enlisted as a private with Company G 187th regiment and served through most of the civil war, losing a leg in front of Petersburg. Isaac Carpenter, son of Baltzer Carpenter and grandson of Isaac Carpenter, of New Jersey, was born in Kingston, OctDber 39th, 3835. He came with his father to the "old tavern at the head of the valley" when two yeai's old, and returned to Kingston in 1847. He was married .lune 3nd, 1870, to Mai-y F. Sohooley, of Wilkes-Barre. He is a gardener and farmer. His mother was Jane Ann Bennett, of tlie Bennett family of Wilkes-Barre. Jesse B. Carpenter, dairy farmer and gardener, was born in King- ston, January 23d, 1840, and came to the "old tavern" with his father, John S. Carpenter, in 1847. In 1873 he married Charlotte B. Laird, of Wilkes-Barre. He enlisted August 37th, 18G1; was wounded at the bat- tle of Antietam, and discharged December 30tb, 1803, and subsequently enlisted in the construction corps. John S. Carpenter, retired farmer, was born in Kingston, August 12th, 1811, and came in 1835 to the "old tavern at the head of the valley" with his father, Isaac Cari^enter, a native of New Jersey. He man-ied Elizabeth Schooley, who was born in Exeter, September 3d, 1818. They have two children living. V. M. Carpenter, agent for the Lehigh Valley Railroad, was born iu North Moreland, Wyoming county. Pa., March 23d, 1832. He came to Pittston at a later date, where he married Miss Maria H. Taggart, on Christmas, 1877. His first marriage was in 1800, to Mary E. Peel, of Phil- adelphia, a desceudant of Sir Bobert Peel. She died in December, 1881. Mr. Carpenter's son, Joseph, is a telegraph opei-ator for the Lehigh Val- ley Kailroad Company, at Pittston. Enoch C. Cabtwright, miner, was born in Wolverhampton, Staf- fordshire, England, in 1826 ; came to America in 1848, and married Mary Ann Preston, of Wilkes-Barre, in 1855. He has formerly superintended boring and sinking shafts for coal, both in the west and here. Henry Chapman is a native of Cornwall, England, from whence he came to Pennsylvania in 1866. He Is a carpenter by trade, and in May, 1878, was commissioned justice of the peace at Pleasant Valley, where he now has his ofHce. William B. Colb0BN, the general foreman at the Hillside colliery at Pleasant Valley, has been in that position since 1874. He has been en- gaged about the mines all his life, and was superintendent for Mr. Swoyer at Plains seven years. He was a soldier in 1864 and 1805 with Company F 303d Pennsylvania volunteers. John A. Collier, Butler junction, Pittston, was born at Nanticoke, in June, 1837. He was married in April, 1860, to Ann Gallagher, of county Donegal, Ireland. He is weighmaster for the Pittston Coal Com- pany. He has served in the school board of Pittston, and is now pres- ident of the Catholic temperance society of the State. J. W. Compton, proprietor of the steam dyeing works at Pittston, is a New Jersey man. He was born in Sussex county, in 1844, and has made this his business most of his Ufe. He established his present business about three years ago. David Cranston, a native of Dumfriesshire, Scotland, and his wife, Sarah Williamson, also from Dumfriesshire, came to this country in 1863. I Mr. Cranston was one of the first miners in Pleasant Valley, where he now resides, working in the Brown colliery tunnel as early as 1864. E. B. Cutler, an extensive undertaker and furniture dealer at Pitts- ton, began business in 1848 on Kennedy street. The next year he built the old wooden building below the National Bank, and in partnership with Mr. Haas built his present brick building in 1865. L. G. Damon established the first livery business in West Pittston in July, 1874. He is a native of Fulton county, N. Y., but came to Pittston in 1848 and has since been engaged in hardware business, the paper-mill and the Pittston foundry. Rev. Isaac E. Da vies, who resides on Oak street, Pittston, was bom at Blaenavon, Monmouthshire, South Wales. He was married to Mar- garet Edwards prior to coming to America in 1865. His family consists of six sons and three daughters. While in Wales he was a merchant, but since coming to this country he has been mining. He is a local preacher in the Baptist church. John W. Davies, a native of Glamorganshire, South Wales, was born in 1811. He came to Carbondale in 1833 and in 1833 was married to Mag- dalene Daniels, of that town. He is a stone mason. W. Delany was born in Ireland, in 1834, and came to Pittston in 1857. He is employed at the Columbia colliery. For about eleven years he kept a hotel near the head of "the canal in Pittston township, where he resides. J. P. Delahanty, superintendent of the West Pittston knitting- mill, was born at Brookfleld, Mass., in 1833. Ho has been making cotton and woolen goods since 1834, and has been for twenty years of that time a machinist, having suggested profitable changes in Tomkin's knitting machine. He was married in 1846 to Emeline Pollock, of Dutchess county, N.Y. They have three sons. They came from Cohoes, N. Y., to West Pittston in 1874. C. G. Dewitt, a farmer at Exeter, who was born in 1831, at Decker- town, N. J., is a son of Charick Dewitt, who came to Pennsylvania in 1839. His mother was Esther Decker, of Decfcertown. He was married in 1847 to Emeline Fitch, of North Moreland. She died in 1879, leaving two daughters and one son. Cornelius Donnelly was born in Bradford county. Pa., in 1840. His wife, Ellen Neville, who died March 7th, 1878, was from Little Meadows, Susquehanna county. Pa. Mr. Donnelly was formerly a carriage maker, but is at present a furniture dealer and undertaker in Pittston, carrying on an extensive business on South Main street. Bradley Downing, grandson of Samuel Carey, a prisoner in the Wyoming massacre, is a native of Wilkes-Barre. He has been twice married— to Hellen M. Stewart (deceased) and to M. J. Baker (in I860), He is a foreman for the Pennsylvania Coal Company, and has been in their employ nearly thirty years. He has been burgess of West Pittston. Jefferson Dkiesbach, farmer, was born in 1833, in Carbon county. July 4th, 1863, he married Amelia J. Anthony, who was born March 1st, 1841, in Monroe county. They have one child, William J. Driesbach, born July 38th, 1873. John J. Dubkin, of Pleasant Valley, was born at Scranton, November 1st, 1831. His wife was M. A. McDonald, of Penn Yan, N. Y. He was formerly a merchant, but is at present justice of the peace, having pre- viously held various borough oflSces. P. W. Early, of Pleasant Valley, was born at Carbondale. His wife was Ann Coleman, from Indiana. Since 1863 he has been engaged in boot and shoemaking where he now resides. He was elected burgess of Pleasant Valley in 1880. M. J. Eastman, contractor and builder, was born at Rome, Pa., in 1844. He entered the army at the age of seventeen, and served three years and three months. His wife was Mary A. Keller, of Stroudsburg, Pa. He came here in 1808, and by undiverted attention has made his business a success. Samuel Edwards, of Pittston, a retired miner, was born in South Wales, in 1814. He was married in 1835 to Rachel Williams, of South Wales, and came to this country in 1863. Two of their ten children are living. Mr. Edwards was a miner for forty-seven years and has been deacon in the Baptist church for thirty-five years. J. W. Enbody, the present agent for the Lehigh Valley Railroad at the Pittston junction, was born in Berwick, Columbia county, Pa., in 1818. He has been engaged as a boat builder at Mauoh Chunk and as railroad contractor. He was for a time in charge of coal ports for the Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company. Evan J. Evans was born in Susquehanna county. Pa., in 1840. His wife, Ellen Hughes, was born at Kingston. He was formerly outside foreman for Waterman & Beaver at Kingston, but since 1869 has been t^;N= ='=^i^ 33° -P" HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. general superintendent of the Columbia mines. He enlisted in the 2nd Pennsylvania artillery Aug:ust 13th, 1803, and wiis discharged in June, 1883. Isaac Everitt, agent for the Central E.vpress Company, Pittston, was born in Montag-ue, Susse.x county, N. J., December 31st, 1818. His wife was formerly Miss P. L. Brawn, of Pittston. Mr. Everitt has been engaged in mercantile business. John Pagan was born at Honesdale, Wayne county, in 1854. His wife was Mary Ann Evans. He was formerly clerk in the ICingston House, but since 1877 has been proprietor of the Pittston Valley House at Upper Pittston. Obed B. Peak, weighmaster for the Pennsylvania Coal Company, was born in England, in 1822, whence he emigrated in 1850. His wife, Hannah Groves, Is also a native of England. William Ferguson was born in Dallas township, December 33nd, 1832. He first came to West Pittston in January, 1847. He was married to Margaret Kiple, of Tobyhanna, Pa., JUay 3nd, 1847. His former busi- ness was general merchandising and farming. He is now a merchant. Charles W. Fisher was born in Carbon county. His wife was Hannah J. Selser, of Lycoming county. Pa. He was formerly a mill- wright, but is at present manager of the Ontario colliery, at Pleasant Valley. He served three years as private in Company C of the 3d Penn- sylvania cavalry. A. Fleischer was born in Austria, in 1814, and came to this countr.v in 1866. He was married in 1877 to Flora Cohen, of New York. Since 1873 he has been carrying on an e.vlensive leather business stt Pittston. The business was established in 18S7, by A. P. Sheetz. Mr. Fleischer also operates a tannery and a shoe factory. Joseph Frederick, engineer at Barnum shaft. No. 3 of the Pennsyl- vania Coal Company, was born March 29th, 1839. He came to West Pittston in 1868, and wiis married the same year to Ettie Shannon, a daughter of George Shannon. He served in Battery M 2nd Pa. artillery three years, and in State service five years. John Pulton, carpenter and lumberman, was born in Canistco, N. Y., January 28d, 18a'), and married Miss Mary E. Rogers, of Wilkes-Barre, Pa. He served seventeen months in the civil war, participating in bat- tles at Fredericksburg, Laurel Hill and other places. O. P. Gaines, of West Pittston, was born in Morris county, N. J., in 1839. His wife was Helen A. Ellithorp, from Niiigara, N. Y. He was assistant assessor and collector of internal revenue, and in 1877 and 1878 was sergeant-at-arms of the House of Kepresentatives. Samuel Gardner, son of Samuel and Margaret Gardner, was born in Ransom, October 24th, 1S51, and married Flora E. Ives, of the same township, on the 27*h of March, 1873. He is a car inspector on the Le- high Valley Railroad, and lives at Pittston. His grandfather, Richard Gardner, was one of the first settlers of Hansom. William B. Gardner, weighmaster of No. shaft, was boi-n in Sus- quehanna county, in 1844, and in 181)3 married Sarah Dolman, a native of England. He is a member of the board of auditors of Hughestown borough. James L. Giddings, a retired farmer at .54 Parsonage street, Pittston, is a son of Dr. Nathaniel Giddings, who came to Pennsylvania from Connecticut in 1787. Mr. Giddings was married in 1834 to Mary H. Pratt, from Massachusetts. P. W. Ginz was born in Germany, in 1816, and came to New Orleans in 1849. He was in the United States service four and one-half years; was with Fremont as civil engineer in Colorado and New Mexico, and since 1875 he has been proprietor of the Wyoming Valley House, which was built by Irvin Orr in 1837. Lewis Gordon, iirinter and proprietor of the Eocniiiii Press, Pittston, was bona at Stroudsburg, Monroe counts'. Pa. He married Miss Char- lotte Meleck, of Bclvidere, N. J. W. D. Green, grocer at West Pittston, succeeded John S. Hurlbut in 1878 in busijicss at the foot of Wyoming avenue. Mr. Green was a pri- vate in Company B 143d regiment Pennsylvania volunteers, and has been in business at Pittston iind Wyoming. Thomas Halppennv, proprietor of the Luzerne House, West Pitts- ton, was born in England, in 1835. He was formerly engaged as engi- neer. He came to Pittston in 1809. His wife was Clara Hemes, from England. His commodious hotel was built in 1856 by the coal com- pany. N. V. Hapeman, a native of Greene county, N. Y., came to Pittston in 1854, in the employ of the Pennsylvania Coal Company, and is foreman of the company's car shop at Pittston. He married Caroline Swack- hammer, of Now Jersey. Theodore Hart, jr., editor and proprietor of the Pittston Gazette, was born at Athens, Bradford county. Pa., September lOtb, 1847. He married Miss Rebecca Dymond, of North Moreland, Wyoming county, Pa. William Heisler, of E.veter, has been a farmer since 1848. He was born in Monroe county. Pa., in 1814, and was married in 18.50 to Lorinda White, who died February 18th, 1877, leaving three sons. Mr. H. has been president of the school board since 1874. Peter Henry, retail grocer, was born in Ireland, in 1837, and came to Pittston in 1869 and opened a grocery. He is a member of the royal ' Irish constabulary. Captain Joseph Hileman was born in Huntingdon county. Pa. He served two years in the Mexican war, and subsequently for ten years cari'ied on the livery business at Pittston. He served as captain of Company H 19th Pennsylvania volunteers, and afterward enrolled and commanded Company E 49th Pennsylvania volunteers. He is now en- gaged in the insurance business. , Michael T. HonAN was born in Ireland, in 18.39. His wife was Bridget Barrett, of Carbondale. He was engaged in mining twenty years, but since 1875 has kept a grocery and provision store at Pleasant Valley. He has served sevei'al years as collector and school director of the borough. A. C. HOLDEN, the principal harness malcer in Pittston, began busi- ness in 1877. Prior to that time he was eleven years with the Pennsyl- vania Coal Company. His present business employs five men. W. H, Hollister, of Pleasant Valley, was born at Brooklyn, Susque- hanna county. Pa., in 1850. His wife was Ella Bremer, of Newton, Pa. Beginning as a clerk he has steadily advanced, until now he ranks among the first as a dealer in general merchandise. Alvin Holmes, jr., was born in Exeter, January 30th, 1842; married Minnie J. Casterlin, of Orange, March 10th, 1808, and came to West Pitts- ton in 1872. They have one child, Herbert L. Mr. Holmes is a con- tractor and builder. His grandfather, Artemidorus Ingersoll, of New England, was in the battles of Bunker hill and Saratoga and others. Lawrence Hoover, farmer and milk dealer, was born in Morris county, N. J., on Christmas, 18.20. He was married to Miss Sarah Hoover in 1810. He has himself cleared fifty acres of his present farm of fifty- four acres. He has been supervisor.' John W. Hughes, merchant tailor, was born at Holyhead, North Wales, in 1830 ; came to Pottsville, Pa., in 1847, and in 18.52 married Anna Cook, who was born in Monmouthshire, South Wales. He was in business thirteen years at Carbondale, and died at Scranton Novem- ber 13th, 1866. Mrs. Hughes afterward came to West Pittston. John S. Hurlbut, merchant, was born in Wyoming, Luzerne county, Pa., February 8th, 1829, and married Miss Cornelia E. Jones, of the same village. He is the son of Lyman Hurlbut, who was born in Wilkes- Barre, May 4th, 1797, and grandson of Napthali Hurlbut, one of the first sheriifs of Luzerne county. J. M. Isaac, carpenter and builder, was born in England, in 1844, and came to Pittstonin 1870 and engaged in building. In 1873 he was married to Elizabeth Kirslake. His shop is on Deck street. David G. James was born in South Wales, in 1855, and came to this county in 1877. He Is a clerk witli J. L. Morgan, of Pittston, and is sec- retary of the Welsh Congregational church. Charles A. Jones was born at Wilkes-Barre, whore he now resides. He has been successively engaged as book clerk for various corpora- tions, including the First National Bank and Wyoming National Bank of Wilkes-Barre, and is now engaged in mercantile business in Pleasant VaUey. He is captain oC Company E 0th regiment Pennsylvania militia. J. Benedict Jones, who was born in Exeter, in 1811, is a grandson of Benjamin Jones, a lieutenant in the American army during the Rev- olution, who came to E.veter from Dutchess county, N. Y., in 1804. Mr. Jones was married in 1843 to Lydia, daughter of George Prothingham. He has boeu for years an oHioer in the Baptist church. Their family consists of two daughters and a son, L. B. Jones. H. D. JuDD, of the firm of H. D. Judd & Co., furniture dealers and undertakers, was born in Broome county, N. Y., and came to Pittston in 1884 and engaged in trade. In 1874 he was married to Hattie E. Oliver, of Pittston. He is a graduate of the Binghamton Commercial College. Hon. George Judge, a native of Ireland, was married to Catherine Gallagher, of New York, in 1853, and in 1854 came to Pittston and en- gaged in mining. He was supervisor of Pittston township three years, and a member of the Legislature in 1877 and 1878. William Kammer, track carpenter, isa naUveof Germany, and came to Pittston in 18!>2. He married Henrietta Weiskerger, of Pittston. He served in the 0th Ponusvlvania cavalry in 1861 and 1803. + ^h =-il GKNEALOGICAL AND PERSONAT. RECORD. 33°^ William H. Kerk was bovn in Cftnadi', in 18-U, ond caine to Pittston in 18(i9nnd en^iig-ed in biticksmithlnjf and carriage making, which he still continues. He wiis married in 1376 to Hattie Perrin, of Pittston. Residence, West Pittston. John King was born in Hawlej', Wayne count3^ Pa., in 1855. His wife was Katie Neulis, from Lackawanna r oiiiity. He was formerly a clerk, but is now a merchant at Pleasant "S'ullcy. Jacob Kintz was boni March Kind, 18M, in Monroe county. His wife was Miss Eliza Shupp, of the same county. They came to Exeter in 18G2, and his occupation since has been lumbering and farming. He serA-ed in the Union army. Their children are Sally, Hannah E., Mil- lard, Flora, Tllysses G., Ida, Jennie and Ella. SHEHEniAii Kitchen, farmer in Exeter, was born in New .Jersey, in 1837, and came to this count.v with his parents in 18:il. He was married in 1842 to Margaret Jenkins. He has served two terius as supervisor and two as poormaster. Dr. A. Knapp, son of Z. Knapp, jr., who came to Pittston with his grandfather in 1798, was born in 1815, at Pittston, where since 1855 he has carried on a drug store. Dr. Knapp graduated at Gene\-a Medical Col- ege in 1816, and for a time practiee ==*=#^ ^^ HON.A.I. ACKERLEY, south ABlNGTON,LACKAWANNft CO.,Pft. MRS. A . 1 . AC KERUkY, SOUTH ABINGTON, LACKAWANNA CO.,PA. HON. PATRICK KEARNEY, ARCH BALD UACKAWANIMA CO., PA. QR VVV FERRIS, OLYPHANT, LACKAWANNA CO., PA. =*=^b^ 4h -^^ PITTSTON BUSINESS HOUSES AND MANUFACTORIES. 331 Business Enterprises. Pittston is the trade center for a population of fully 20,000 people. Prior to 1805 there was very little business done here. The first merchants were Wright & Duane, in 1799. In 1847 James Searle established the first jewelry busi- ness in Pittston, in a building on the site of Leon Sacks's clothing house. Five years later he built on the site of the First National Bank a wooden building, then the best in town. It is yet standing on the same lot. Mr. Searle, \V. L. McUougall and W. W. Berry are the jewelers at the present time. The clothing business is represented by Henry Cohen, David Anthony, G. David, Leon Sacks and Lewis Cohen. Henry Cohen began business in 1849 and is the leading dealer in town. J. W. Nimmo is the leading merchant tailor. David Anthony, Lewis Cohen and several others either learned the business or formerly worked at it with Mr. Cohen. In 1866 the firm of Miller & Ross, wholesale dealers in grain, flour and feed, began business on upper Main street, in the brick building opposite the Central Hotel. They subsequently built the building that was recently occupied by Charles Pugh as a grocery jobbing house, and in 1869 removed their business to it. Two years later Mr. Miller retired, and K. C. Ross, the junior part- ner of the firm, continued the business under the name of Ross & Co. About this time they abandoned their trade in grain and feed, confining their operations exclu- sively to provisions and pork, in which branch they soon became the largest dealers in this section of the State. The trade soon demanded larger storehouse accommo- dations, and in 1874 the lot was purchased at the corner of Water and Crone streets and their large, substantial brick building was erected, where they have warehouse and packing rooms to accommodate their trade, which is the only wholesale provision business in Pittston and the largest in this section of the State. " .^ ^ jf^ i, r — r ."^ , 7n III ciiri ( r". "' ii» j; I rIF •Iri* Til* l« ■! -i l^■'^ J I 'A« ,r« 'SI*- ''^tff|f'!| f ■!'!'" ' Ills Union Stove and Manufacturing Company. — In 1867, on the site of the fine structure of this enterprising com- pany, represented in the accompanying cut, was a small foundry owned by Williain Lester. In 1868 the building was burned. Lester became financially embarrassed and the property was sold by the sheriff in March, 1869. Monies & Piighe, of Scranton, bought it, and in July, 1 869, organized a comiiany with a capital of $40,000. The first president was Hon. Lewis Pughe; secretary and treasurer, I. J. Vincent. The first year's business aggre- gated $17,000. In 1879 that increased to $75,000, the company having made and sold over 4,000 ranges and stoves. Smyth's Patent Duplex and Grate, the most con- venient and economical in use, is put in all their stoves, which has added much to the success of this industry, together with the fine casting and superior finish of nil the goods manufactured. The buildings extend 250 feet on William street and the whole block on Foundry street. The store, pattern and office building is 60 feet square, built of solid masonry and brick, five stories high, a model of neatness and utility, with elevator from the basement to the upper floor. The machine and finishing shop on Foundry street is 100 by 60 feet, three stories, built of brick, with slate roof. In this building is the machinery for grinding, polishing and fitting stoves, ranges and furnaces. On the third floor are the pattern and tin shops. The moulding shops are on Foundry street, adjoining the machine shop. One is 100 by 75, with an addition 80 by 60. The whole moulding floor is 180 by 135 feet. The engine house is stone and brick. It contains a splendid engine of 45 horse power, built by the Dickson Manufacluiing Company, of Scranton; also two large boilers. There is in the rear of the machine shop a building 40 by 60 feet, for store and lumber room. There are on the property four dwelling houses to accom- modate employes. The buildings and improvements cover about one acre. This industry has steadily increas- ed under the present able management, until the goods are sought for by dealers in northeastern Pennsylvania and the adjoining States, and the concern stands in the trade as the foremost stove works in the State outside of Phil- adelphia and Pittsburgh. The present capital is $40,000; surplus $41,000; directors — William N. Monies, Thomas Orchard, C. L. McMillan, Judge Cool, Lewis Puglie, John D. Green and E. E. Thomas; president. Colonel W. N. Monies; vice-president, C. L. McMillan; treasurer and general manager, John D. Green. The Pittston Knitting Company was organized in Jan- uary, 1879, with a capital of $25,000; officered by R. J. Wisner, president; William Allen, secretary; J. E. Patti- son, treasurer. The factory is on North Main street. A sixty horse-power engine is used for running the ma- chinery. The produce of the mill is twenty dozens cardigan jackets per day, worth from $14 to $40 per dozen. They take the wool in the bale and put it through all the steps of scouring, coloring, carding, spin- ning and knitting, furnishing employment for one hundred operatives. Their pay roll is about $1,800 per month. The terra cotta w.orks were established in 1869 by William Lee & William Woods, and that year they made the first terra cotta ever made in this section of the State. -^Jt* HISTORY OV LUZERNE COUNTY. The clay is easily obtained from the mines, where it is counted as refuse. Another quality, which is used now for e.xtra work, is obtained from New Jersey. Since 1878 Mr. Lee has had the business alone, and is manufactur- ing house-tile, chimneys and fire-brick. About thirty-four years ago Messrs. Howarth & Law built the Dock Street Ale and Porter Brewery, having a capacity of about twenty-five barrels per day. In i860 H. R. & M. Hughes purchased the property, increased the capacity to sixty barrels per day, and added a malt- house capable of malting i8,ooo bushels in a season. In 1878 ;hey purchased the Forest Castle Lager Brewery in Exeter, where they are brewing forty-five barrels per day. This brewery was built in 1875 by J. A. A. Burschell. The \ault is one of the finest in the State, being a tunnel twelve liy fifteen feet driven fifty yards into the solid rock. The Pittston Bank was incorporated May sth, 1857, with George Sanderson prej^idenf, and T. M. Burton cashier. The stf ck consisted of five hundred shares, of ;$[oo each. On the 28th of November, 1859, the officers resigned, and William Swetland and Thomas F. Atherton were elected to fill their respective places. The capital was increased to $200,000 on the 29th of April, 1862. On November of the following year the president died, and Payne Pettebone succeeded him. The First National Bank (No. 478) was opened on the 6lh of July, 1864, with a capital of |i5o,ooo. B. I). Beyea was made cashier, H. S. Phillips teller, and R. D. Lacoe vice-president. The Pittston Bank was merged in the First National September i6th, 1865, at which time the capital of the National was increased to $500,000. Thomas Ford succeeded Mr. Lacoe as vice-president, and W. L. Watson followed Mr. Beyea as cashier. In 1876 the elegant bank building at the corner of M^in and Wil- liam streets was erected. Theodore Strong has been jjresident since the organization. The People's Savings Bank was organized April ist, 1872, and began business at No. 16 North Main street, in its present building. C. S. Stark was elected- presi- dent, Samuel Price vice-president, and H. C. Dewey was chosen cashier. The capital, then $56,250, has been in- creased to $74,000. Four per cent, interest is paid on deposits, and the stock yields two semi-annual dividends of four per cent. each. The present ofificers are the first incumbents. The death of Mr. Stark occurred early in 1880. The present directors are Samuel Pi ice, Benjamin Price, A. Armstrong, D. D. Mosicr, William Allen, R. B. Cutler, H. Cohen, J. I. Shoemaker, G. J. Sharps, B. Shar- key, W. H. Cool and M. L. Perrin. The Miners' Savings Bank was organized on the ist of November, 1869, with John B. Smilh president, Michael Reap, vice-president, and A. A. Bryden, cashier. The capital was $30,000, which was doubled in 1S74. From 1871 Mr. Reap was president until December loth, 1877, and since the election of January i6th, 1878, A. A. Bry- den has been president; James L. McMillan vice-presi- dent and Frank P. Reap cashier. The stock has yielded six annual dividends of ten, one of eight, two of nine and one of seven per cent. In 1854 F. Brandenburg began the first bakery in Pittston. There was not demand enough for bread at two dozen loaves per day to make it pay, so beer was added to the trade; but finally bread won, beer was banished, and now, with two large ovens and three bakermen, the average is 400 loaves per day. His present place of business was built in 1863. Schools. The first public school in Wyoming valley was taught in Pittston. John Jenkins is known to have taught a school near the Ravine colli.jry for several winters prior to 1 781. In 1810 a school-house was built not far from the up-town brick school-house, but on the opposite side of Main street. It was used for religious meetings and was furnished with a loft and elevated pulpit. March 21st, 1810, "at a meeting of the subscribers for building a school-house near Jedediah Collins's," William Slocum presided and John Phillips, William Slocum and Nathaniel Giddings were elected a committee to buy or lease a lot from said Collins and have a school-house built. They sold the building contract by auction, at $215, to Miner Searle. An early school was taught by Mrs. Blakely Hall on "The green," a portion of the present borough between the L. V. depot and Main street. This building was pur- chased by the railroad company and used for a depot until it was displaced by their present depot building. The township of Pittston has now twelve public schools, and Pittston borough has twenty-one schools, kept in five school buildings. T. S. Briggs is principal of the Uptown school; W. S. Stevens, Butler Hill school; W. S. Neville, Welsh Hill school; J. T. Rutledge, Ma'rket street school; C. J. Barrett, Oregon school. Prof. Bar- rett has one assistant; each of the others has four assis- tants. LODGES, CLUBS AND ASSOCIATIONS. ODD FELLOWS. Gohonto Lodge, No. 314, was instituted on the 18th of June, 1848, in compliance with a petition of John Kern- aud, John Sax and the following, who were the first offi- cers: John W. Davies, treasurer; Jesse Williams, N. G.; Thomas E. Curtis, V. G.; Ephraim Johnson, secretary; Joseph Knapp, assistant secretary. Mr. Davies is the only remaining charter member. In October, 1854, about twenty members withdrew and became the charter members of Thistle Lodge, No. 512, from which twenty-one members withdrew in 1870 and instituted Luzerne Lodge, No. 721. In 1874 five mem- bers obtained dismissals from this lodge to institute Ben- nett Lodge, No. 907; and in 1876 sixteen of the former members of Gohonto Lodge instituted Pittston Lodge, No. 941. The present membership of these five lodges is about 450, with a surplus capital to sustain their charities of not less than $30,000. The fraternity has a very well select- ed library of general literature, accessible to its members. -^=. MASONIC LODGES AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS, PITTSTON. 333 MASONIC. Saini John's Lodi;e, No. 233, was instituted on the 17th of April, 1848, and opened the same day in the next month in a hall in the attic of the old White Swan Hotel. The first master was William S. Reddin, and the now ven- erable and always venerated Elisha Blackman was the first secretary. He is now the only survivor left in Plttston of the original members of this lodge. The first board of officers also included Thomas Tully, R. A. Oaliford, Wil- liam Stang, Frederick Helf, Peter Winters and Oilman Converse. Temple Lodge, No. 248, of Tnnkhannock, Hiram Lodge, No. 122, of Providence, Kingston Lodge, No. 39S, of Kingston, and Wyoming. Lodge, No. 468, of Wyoming, were composed principally of members from St. John's. Several worshipful masters have served more than one term. In ihe following list the names occur in the order of their first election: William S. Reddin, R. A. Oakford, Frederick Hepler, L. B. Ensign, Henry Cohen, H. K. Ebert, Henry Evans, Alexander A. Bryden, Charles R. Gorman, Alexander Craig, Willi;im Abbott, John INIer- ritt, David McKown, G. Cadman, J. J. Kelchner, Charle.s H. Footer, James B. Bryden, Adam A. Bryden, Joseph Langford, Charles L. McMillan.- The officers for 1880 were: John Portius, W. M.; John B. Smith, S. W.; John W. Thompson, J. W.; Thomas Ford, treasurer; Theodore Hart, jr., secretary. Valley Lodge, No. 499, F. and J. M. was chartered on the 22nd day of January, 1872, and included in its membership some who had been members of St. John's Lodge, above referred to, and some formerly mem- bers of the lodge at Tunkhannock. It was chartered as a West Pittston lodge, but the meetings are held in the masonic hall at Pittston. Official posts were filled by the following gentlemen: Thomas E. Grier, W. M.; J. J. Hurlbut, S. W.; Thomas B. Lance, J. W.; G. W. Farrer, treasurer; Joel Brenton, secretary. The regular commu- nications are held on the evening of the Wednesday pre- ceding the full moon in each month. During the history of this lodge the following-named members have occupied the oriental chair: Thomas E. Grier, Addison K. Howe, Henry T. Hepler, John S. Hurlbut, Thomas B. Lance, Isaac E. La Barre, W. McI. Ostrander and Charles Howitz. At the election of December 24th, 1879, John B. Law was elected W. M.; T. W. Kyte, S. W.; William D. Evans, J. W.; Alexander McDougal, treasurer; and Thomas J. Snowdon, secretary. Royal Arch Chapter No. 242 was instituted February i8th, 1878, with sixteen members. First officers: Thomas E. Grier, H. P.; Charles R. Gorman, K.; D. McKown, scribe; John S. Hurlbut, treasurer; L. B. Ensign, secretary. The past high priests are: Thomas E. Grier, David Mc- Kown, James Davis, Charles R. Gorman, Addison K. Howe and Tohn Merritt. Stated meetings are held on the last Thursday of each month. The present officers are: Dr. W. McI. Ostrand- er, M. E. H. P.; Jesse B. Carpenter, K.; John B. Law, S.; D. McKown, treasurer; L. B. Ensign, secretary. THE cali;doni.\n club. This association was organized in 1863 by a company of Pittston Scots, for athletic sports and mutual improve- ment. A library has been established, valued at $2,000. The club holds regular meetings monthly for the transac- tion of the usual business. Yearly celebrations are held under its auspices in honor of their national bard, Robert Burns. Annual games or Scottish pastimes have been held for the past seventeen years on Everhart's island. The meeting of the North American association as guests of this club in July, 1880, was a marked event in their history. The Highland games, presided o\er by the honored chief Thomas Waddell, were participated in by Scots from all parts of the United States and Canada. TKMPERANCE SOCIETIES. In May, 1870, the Father Mathew T. A. B. A. was or- ganized, with twenty-eight members, and it was chartered April 24th, 187 1. The membership is about 400. The spiritual director is Rev. John Finnan. The first officers were: Richard Leahy, president; John McLee, vice-presi- dent; M. J. Reddington, secretary; James FitzPatrick, treasurer. The society meets on alternate Sundays at Catholic Hall. The present officers are: John A. Collier, ])resident; M. J. McAndrews, vice-president; F. J. Con- Ian, secretary; M. J. Walsh, corresponding secretary; John Crrady, financial secretary; M. W. Morris, treasurer. This society has made liberal contributions to the var- ious enterprises of the church, among which was $250 to- ward the $50,000 monument at Philadelphia. St. John's Cadets is an auxiliary to this society, and contains about 300 children between nine and sixteen years of age. There are several Good Templar lodges also doing ef- ficient work. About sixteen years ago, by a united effort of the Protest- ant churches the Band of Hope was organized in Pittston and West Pittston, and it has since been very successfully carried on. The working of this society is under the direction of a board of council consisting of Charles Cool and James Searle. FIRE COMPANIES. FAigle Hose Company, No. i, was chartered in October, 1858. The Pennsylvania Coal Company subsequently donated a building lot on Kennedy street, where the company erected a substantial brick building which is occupied also by Thistle Band. The company owns three hose carriages and 2,000 feet of hose. The officers for 1880 were: William Quinn, president; C. F. Sutherland, vice-president; L. K. Streng, foreman; R. M. Hughes and Samuel Sands, assistant foremen; C. H. Cutler, secretary; and R. C. Hitchner, treasurer. The board of directors, consisting of twelve members, has general charge of the company property. The pres- ident of this board is Frederick Weiskerger. Niagara Steam Fi) e Engine Company, No. 2, was or- ganized on the 27th of July, 1S75. The following were H¥ ^^l ^^ 334 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. 4= the first officers: President, Frank C. Mosier; vice-pres- ident, Peter Henry; secretary, James P. Reap; treasurer, Patrick Battle, and foreraan, James S. Baker. The steam fire engine was built by the Silsby Manufacturing Company, of Seneca Falls, N. Y., and cost $5,000. It was presented to the company by the borough authori- ties on the occasion of the company's first anniversary, July 27th, 1876. The company has rendered valuable services and saved thousands of dollars' worth of prop- erty. The present officers are: President, Benjamin Price; vice-president, Thomas W. Haines; secretary, John H. Mullen ; treasurer, Cornelius Donnelly, and foreman, James S. Baker. The engine-room is on Water street, adjoining the town hall, and is a substantial brick struc- ture erected by the borough authorities. KNIGHTS OF HONOR. This is a fraternity for purposes of mutual life insur- ance. It has a total membership in the United States of about 70,000, and in Pennsylvania of about 4,800. IVyoming Lodge, No. 68, was instituted January 26th, 1875, with Charles B. Tinker as P. D.; S. H. Rhoades, D.; J. D. McMillan, V. D.; George H. Hagadorne, A. D.; Samuel Barber, R.; William Kerr, F. R.; Joel Bren- ton, chaplain. Black Diamond Lodge., No. 169, was instituted October 14th, 1876. The following-named gentlemen filled the of- fices of Ihe lodge during the first term: G. L. Field, J. H. Houck, L. G. Wildoner, C. C. Porter, S. M. Field, jr., T. Howell, S. M. Field, B. Harding, C. L. Brown, James A. Space, E. F. Ballanger, Dr. J. N. Rice. The membership of this lodge amounts to fifty-four. Equity Lodge, No. 1,350, was organized January 20th, 1879, with twenty-seven charter members. The follow- ing officers were elected: Dictator, J. W. Artley; V. D., John Merritt; P. D., F. Weiskerger; A. D., D. L. Mac- farlane; chaplain, H. Searle; guide, J. C. Barber; re- porter, G. F. Sharkey; financial reporter, W. H. Young; treasurer, J. D. Green; guardian, J. H. Mosier; sentinel, W. H. Kerr. Meets second and fourth Monday nights of each month in the hall, on Main street. THE ROYAL ARCANUM. This is one of the numerous mutual life insurance frater- nities of recent origin. Pittston Council, No. 134, was the first council organized in the Lackawanna or the Wyoming valley. At its organization, August rst, 1878, the membership was composed of somj of the most prom- inent citizens of the borough, and the following corps of officials was elected: James L. McMillan, P. R.; James H. Mosier, R.; John D. Green, V. R ; John G. Bryden, O.; Alexander Bryden, secretary; W. H. Young, collect- or; John Merritt, treasurer; B. G. Cooper, chaplain; Robert Bryden, guide; William B. Miller, warden; Cyrus T. Meaker, sentinel. Regular elections are held at the last stated meeting in December of each year. The present number of members is fifty, and is largely on the increase. The leading officers in January, 1880, were: John Merritt, R.; John W. Howarth, V. R.; John D.Green, P. R.; William B. Miller, orator; Willis Brenton, secre- tary; W. H. Young, collector; A. J. Griffith, treasurer; John Scrimgeour, chaplain; T. W. Kyte, guide; Robert Bryden, warden; J. H. Mosier, sen.; Dr. J. N. Rice, medical examiner; James H. Mosier, D. D. G. R. Regular meetings of the council are held on the first and third Monday of each month at Royal Arcanum Hall, South Main street. PITTSTON CHURCH HISTORIES. FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. This church was organized in December, 1776, with thirty-two members, by the Rev. Mr. Benedict, from War- wick, Orange county, N. Y., and two of his parishioners- The membership included twelve who had been mem- bers of the Warwick church, namely : Jonathan Weeks, Abigail Weeks, Daniel Cash, Mary Cash, Ephraim San- ford, Samuel Roberts, Sarah Roberts, Daniel Roberts, Hezekiah Roberts, Ebenezer Roberts, Abigail Roberts, and Mary Roberts. Among the earliest, if not con- stituent members, were Sarah Mitchell (afterwards Frear), Abraham Frear, John Phillips, Isaac and Eleanor Tripp, Aulda Bates, Elisha and Martha Harding, David Brown, and Elijah and Lucinda Silsbee. The Wyoming massacre scattered and nearly broke up the church, and though some of the members returned to their homes but few meetings were held at this time. In 1786 the church was reorganized — through the efforts of Elders Benedict and Finn — and took the name of the Pittstown Baptist Church. It was united with the Philadelphia Baptist Associa- tion until 1801, when, no delegate appearing to repre- sent the church, its name disappeared from their list. From 1806 it was connected for twenty-seven years with the Abington Baptist Church, but retained all the privileges of an independent body, except that of the ex- clusion of members. September 3d, 1833, this connection was dissolved. During the summer of that year meetings had been held in the church, resulting in the addition of a number of members. After the reorganization Rev. Charles Brown preached until the spring of 1834. In the same year the church joined the Bridgewater Association, reporting a total membership of 41. Elder W. K. Mott, of Hyde Park, was pastor from 1834 to 1848, preaching a part of the Sabbath once in two weeks. After this the church was destitute of ministerial labor much of the time, being supplied for a time by Elder John Boyd, of the Wilkes- Barre church, until 1853, when Elder Sanford Leach was called. He was pastor two years. The second protracted meeting was held in the winter and spring of 1855, and increared the membership. From the 22nd of Novem- ber, 1865, Elder A. Francis preached in what was known as the " School-house on the Green," near the site of the present building, until June, 1857, and 52 were added to the church. From August following Elder S. J. Thomas was pastor about six months. After this Elder Mott was <^ *i^= =»=€ BAPTIST AND M. E. CHURCHES OF PITTSTON BOROUGH. 335 again called to the pastorate, in connection with the Hyde Park church, preaching here once every Sabbath until the spring of i860. After i860 Elder E. M. Alden, of Wilkes-Barre, supplied the church with great acceptance until December, 1863. For eighty-seven years this church worshiped in private houses. December 27th, 1863, Elder John R. Shanafelt was called to the pastorate, and during the succeeding year, through the energy and perseverance of the ladies' society, a parsonage was built and occupied by the pastor. September 27th, 1865, the corner stone of the present church edifice was laid with ajjpropriate exercises; ad- dresses being delivered by the pastor, by Rev. T. D. An- derson, D. D., and Rev. H. G. Weston, D. D., of New York, and Rev. Dr. Bevan, of Scranton. On the 27th of June, 1867, the house was dedicated, Rev. Thomas Arn:iitage, D. D., of New York, preaching the sermon. The whole cost of the house was about $14,000, of which Mr. Elisha A.Corey gave $5,000, and its erection marked anew erairi the history of the church. In 1867 the total membership reported was 150. Elder Shanafelt's pastorate closed November ist, 1867. Rev. B. D. Thoma.s — recently from Wales — was called to the pastorate November 23d, 1868, and held it two years and seven months. The membership of the church in- creased to 2og. From his departure until April, 1872, preaching was maintained by supplies. Rev. Emerson W. Bliss was then pastor three years. During his ad- ministration the house of worship was renovated and im- proved at an expense of $2,500. For four months the church was again without a pastor. Rev. G. S. Bailey, D. D., was pastor from August ist, 1875, until April, 1878. The following month the church called Rev. A. D. Willifer, who has been the pastor since June ist, 1878. In this connection we present the names and date of service of the pastors of the church from its organization: James Benedict, 1776-85; James Finn, 1786-92; William Bishop, 1794-1806; John Miller, 1806-33; P- P- Brown and Charles Brown, 1833, 1834; William K.Mott,i834-48; John J.Carey,i853— 6 months; John Boyd, 1853, 1854; Sanford Leach, 1854-56; E. A. Francis, 1856, 1857; S. J. Thomas, 1857, 1858; William K. Mott, 1858-60; E. M. Alden, 1860-63; J. R. Shanafelt, 1864-68; Benjamin D. Thomas, 1868-71 ; Emerson W. Bliss, 1872-75; Gilbert S. Bailey, 1875-78; A. D.Willifer, since 1878. Probably from 1,000 to 1,200 persons have at some time been members of this church. The present mem- bership is 360. THE FIRST M. E. CHURCH OF PITTSTON dates back to the heroic days of Methodism. The earli- est records of this circuit are of 1791, when Pittston was a part of the Wyoming charge. A class was formed here about 1806. Mrs. Fanny S. Carey, of Wyoming, joined this class in 1809, when there were but ten mem- bers, namely: The leader, Roger Searles; Mr. Miles and wife, Jared Marcy and wife, Jesse Gardner and wife, Lucy Drake, Elizabeth Bennett and Sarah Collins. While this is the earliest record, it is possible that a class was formed and Methodist meetings held still earlier There is no complete record of the class from 1813 to 1825, but it is remembered that Rev. George Peck preached his first sermon at Forty Fort August 9th, 1818, the day after his twenty-first birthday; and on Thursday, August 20th of that year, he preached at the house of Ebenezer Marcy, near the site of Pittston borough, and subsequently filled a regular preaching appointment at the Marcy house. In 1828 a class was organized by Rev. Joseph Castle at the house of Joseph Thompson, near where the Yatesville road intersects the road leading to Plains. Meetings were held in private houses and school build- ings until 1849. In August, 1846, a building committee _consisting of James McFarlane, John D. Stark and Elisha Blackman was appointed. A site was donated for a church by Messrs. Johnson & Bennett, on Broad street. The church was dedicated in 1850. At that time Pittston station formed a part of Pittston circuit, but in 1856 it was made a separate station. Selah Stocking, a supernu- merary or superannuated preacher, was in charge two years. The first parsonage was built in 1850 and 1 851, on Pario;iage street. In 1866 this was sold and a house and lot on Church and Broad streets bought for <|4,6oo. The church property has been rated at $6,000, the parsonage at $s,ooo. In connection with this charge is a church at Yates- ville, which was built in 1865; a building thirty-two by forty feet, with basement, and when first completed valued at $2,500. Among the pioneers of the church in Pittston were: William Ford, Rev. Thomas V. Tear (a local preacher) and his wife, who still survives; also Elisha Blackman, who at eighty-two years is still a faithful and devoted member of the church. This church has a membership of 314; a flourishing Sabbath-school with 275 pupils, under the efficient superintendence of C. R. Patterson. The following is a list of the preachers stationed at Pittston since it became a separate charge: 1856 and 1857, S. Stocking; 1858 and 1859, A. P. Mead; i860 and 186 r, Geo. M. Peck; 1862 and 1863, O. M. McDowall; 1864-66, W. J. Judd; 1867-69, Y. C. Smith; 1870-72, Ira T. Walker; 1873-75, Thomas Harrora; 1876-78, J. O. Woodruff; 1879, L. VV. Peck; 1880, S. C. Fulton. The first trustees of the Pittston church were Edwin F. Ferris, Elisha Blackman, James McFarlane, David Richards, William Ford, Francis Yates, Francis Watson, Isaac Thompson and Miner Swallow. The first board of the Yatesville church were William Perrin, Thomas Wattress, John Shields, Francis Yates, James Teasdale, Richard Boslock, Robert Shields, Alfred Day. FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF PITTSTON. The first stated preaching in the valley by a Presby- terian minister was in Wilkes-Barre, in 182 1. His ap- pointments were for the most part in private houses. He received very considerable accessions to his church from Pittston. Pittston members would go down on Saturday H Hh 336 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. h afternoon to preparatory lecture, and remain until the Sabbath with hospitable VVilkes-Barre friends. The Pres- byterian church of Wilkes-Barre has always been a kind of mother to her Pittston child. This church was organized on the 25th of February, 1842, by the Presbyterians of Susquehann.i, as the Pres- byterian Church of Lackawanna, with 30 members, namely: John M., Eleazer and Catharine Atherton, Ma- ria Coon, Jacob Whitbeck, Ruth Diltz, Myria Oiddings, Fannie McCalpin, Sarah Austin, Parthenia Gordon, Nancy Race, Sarah Blackman, Anna Decker, Richard and Phebe Hollenback, John M. and Catharine Moore, Hanna Phillips, Nancy Kennedy, Sarah Shafer, Phebe Vande- berg, Hermon B. and Hannah Dailey, Maria Fellows, Mary Jeffreys, James W. Sands, Elijah Couch and wife, and James Helm. February 29th Elijah Couch and John M. Atherton were chosen elders, and Thomas B. Dailey deacon. They were ordained by Rev. John Dorrance. Shortly after this the Presbytery of Luzerne was form- ed, and the church of Lackawanna was placed under its care. This church was incorporated January 22nd, 1848, as the First Presbyterian Church of Pittston. The organ- ization was effected in what was then Harrison, now Scran- ton, in a small school-house that stood on the north side of Roaring brook, near where the large furnaces of the Lack- awanna Iron and Coal Company stand. The church after- ward moved into the old red school-housein North Pittston. Until 1844 the preacher was the Rev, Charles Evans, a missionary. Since 1844 the church has been under the pastoral care of Rev. N. G. Parke. A house of worship was built in 1846, and was a sub- stantial brick building, costing about $2,000. In 1856 it was found to be too small, and not in the right place, and in 1857 the congregation left it for the house down town. A large proportion of the money for building the new house was collected outside of the congregation, chiefly in Wilkes-Barre, Easton, Belvidere, and Elizabeth. The principal contributors in the congregation were Zenus Barnum, Theodore Strong, Elisha Atherton and Peter Wagner. Others, including those residing in Scranton, did what they could. John D. Butler, Rev. John Dor- rance, Mrs. Chester Butler and Mrs. Emily Hollenback aided nobly in the work; but for their sympathy and encouragement the enterprise would have failed. The building was dedicated free of debt. There is a flourish- ing Sabbath-school connected with this church. The church very early established Sabbath-schools throughout the mission field. In Pittston there was a flourishing school, conducted by Mr. Strong in the old red school-house near the Junction in North Pittston. It was a union school, and the only Sabbath-school at the time (1844) in the township. There was a union school also in Scranton. Between these two points several schools were established, including one in the Hollenback school-house, not far from Taylorville, which at one time numbered over a hundred scholars. In the Melanie Chapel, in North Pittston, erected re- cently and controlled by this church, a union Sabbath- school is maintained, and also a preaching service. PITTSTON VS'ELSH CONnREGATIONAL CHURCH. This church was organized ii) 1847, and for nearly two years met in the dwellings of ihe members, most of whom lived in that portion of Pittston generally known as Welsh Hill. Late in 1849 a chapel was dedicated on Pine street, and David R. Lewis became the first settled pastor. His successors have been Evan B. Evans, Cadwallader Jones, Edward R. Lewis, John R. Williams, Owen Owens David Davis, Evan R, Jones, and since 1876 the present pastor. Rev. John Williams. In i860, during the pastorate of C. Jones, the Pine street chapel was sold to the borough for a school-house, and the present comfortable church edifice was erected on Lagrange street, at a cost of $3,000. ST. JAMES EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The records of this parish trace back its beginning to "two or three" theological students of the Alexandria Seminary, in Virginia, who spent their vacation in 1848 as licensed colporteurs, and reported the names and need of the few Episcopalians whom they found to the Rev. W. Miles, of St. Stephen's church, Wilkes-Barre, by whose labors the parish came into existence. In the summer of 1849 the first service was held in the Welsh church; and on the 12th of August that year an organization was effected, under the name of St. James Church. The incorporators were 42 in number, as fol- lows: William S. Heddin, Benjamin D. Beyea, .T. Williams, .John It. Keeler Edward B. Hughes, J. H. Babcock, Henry Protyus, Jobn Baker, John Howarth, jr., Thomas Simons, M. L. Everitt, George Everitt, C. II. Gorman, George W. Sickler, J. H. Bailey, Stephen B. Jenkins, Edward Clarkson, George Damon, Charles F. Ingham, William Tompkins, Wil- liam K. Griffiths, William Ferguson, Geoige Liizarus, Daniel Lloyd, Lagrange Damon, Miles .lacobs, T. B. Day, Joseph Knapp, Robert S C. Ivnapp, Cornelius Stark, H. M. Damon, B. J. Wisner, R. S. Co.\, E. J. Curtis, 0. Johnson, John Love, William Howarth,Abram Bird, G. tJnder- wood, H. A. Dow, Lewis M. Ketcheson, jr., and J. P. Sehooly, jr. Of these only Mr. R. K. Wisner is now a member. The first visit of the bishop, Alonzo Potter, took place in July, 1851, and the first confirmation June 12th, 1855^ the candidates being Mrs. Anna E. Wisner and Mrs. Elizabeth Damon. In May, 1852, the parish was admitted into union with the diocesan convention of Pennsylvania. In that year the Rev. John Long, as a missionary, had charge of Pittston a few months. It was not till Sep- tember, 1857, that a minister, the Rev. W. C. Robinson, succeeded Mr. Long. His ministry lasted a little over a year. During this time the congregation worshiped " in various school-houses on either side of the river," until a rooin was secured on the east side, over the store of Mr. Charles Law, which was fitted up for this purpose. The present church edifice was commenced on the 23d of February, 1858. Mr. Robinson found 23 families and 45 individuals " favorable to the church and attendants upon her worship." During his ministry the number was increased to "55 families, comprising over 100 persons." The Sunday-school then had 120 scholars and ten teachers, the scholars including fifty belonging to Meth- odists and Presbyterians. Mr. H. L. Phillips became the superintendent in the spring of 1858. In the latter part =^ ^h CHURCHES OF PITTSTON BOROUGH. 337 of 1858 Mr. Robinson resigned. From January, 1859, Rev. John A. Jerome was rector three years. March 27th, 1859, the congregation met for the first time in the basement of the church, and May 15th the church was formally opened. From the autumn of 1862 Rev. Chandler Hare was the rector till May 22nd, 1871. He found the parish " in a very decrepit condition." His salary was only $300, with a missionary stipend of $175. The church building was in a neglected condition, "unfenced" and "unconsecrated,"and had been sold for debt and was owned by R. J. Wisner and Henry Evans. Mr. Hare raised $1,200 to pay the debt, and on the 30th of June, 1863, the church was consecrated and thirty persons were confirmed. The salary was raised to $1,000. In 1870 the pew rental amounted to $1,350. Mr. Hare added an organ to the church, improved the site of the building by a wall and fence and enlarged its capacity by a transept, established a parochial school, and during his ministry two hundred and sixty persons were baptized and ninety-three con- firmed. The number of communicants was largely in- creased and there was an active charity in all depart- ments of church work. Mr. Hare ended his faithful ministry on the evening of the 22nd of May, 187 1. He was succeeded by the Rev. S. H. Boyer, and he by the Rev. John K. Karcher. The Rev. George C. Foley, in the latter part of 1875, succeeded Mr. Karcher. He found the parish in a troubled state, but soon succeeded in restoring unity, and in gaining the affectionate regard of the congregation. He left at Easter, 1879, and was succeeded in August, 1879, by the Rev. George A. Kirk- land. The last report to the bishop showed one hundred and ten communicants; one hundred and fifty Sunday- school scholars, under sixteen teachers; offerings for the year $1,988.13, of which $1,730.59 were for parochial expenses. There are two societies connected with the church, the Ladies' Aid and the St. James Guild. The present wardens of the church are Messrs. Thomas E. Grier and John Howell. THE METHODIST PROTESTANT CHURCH OF PITTSTON was organized in the spring of 1852, with a small mem- bership, as the Wesleyan Methodist Church of Pittston. The first official board consisted of James Challenger, Obadiah B. Fear, Benjamin Harding, William Chivers, Mark Hilbert, James Brown, Thomas Fear and William Harding. The congregation worshiped a number of years in a small building on Scotch hill. In 186 1 a building lot was secured, and a small church built, on Broad street, near Foundry. In 1874 the church, to accommodate the increased membership, was enlarged to its present seat- ing capacity of about 300. About 500 members have been connected with the church since its organization. The society is free from debt. The church is valued at $4,500, and the parsonage in the rear of it is worth dtf COO, The following ministers have officiated here: Revs. George R. Hoer, John Gregory, Harvey Lounsberry, William West, George B. Dotson, Henry Palmer and Z. Du Bois Baird, the present pastor. The membership is 168. The Sabbath-school is in a flourishing condition. Its report for the year ending October 7th, 1879, gives the following figures: Scholars, 100; teachers, 13; officers, 6; volumes in library, 708; conversions during the year, ir, all of whom have joined the church in full membership. In connection with the churcn there is a total absti- nence organization, called the " Pittston Band of Hope," numbering 370 members, who abstain from tobacco as well as intoxicants. In the fall of 1878 the church joined the New York Methodist Protestant Conference, having previously re- ceived its ministers from the Syracuse and Pittsburgh conferences. ST. JOHN EVANGELIST CHURCH (rOMAN CATHOLIC) on William street, Pittston, was built during the pastor- ate of Rev. John P. O'Shaughnessy, who was in charge from 1853 to 1859. It was dedicated October 17th, 1858. Mr. O'Shaughnessy was succeeded in May, 1869, by Rev. Patrick A. Prendergast, who was pastor until his death, Nov. i2th, 1861. His successor was the present pastor. Rev. John Finnen, who had been assistant to each of the previous pastors. Many improvements have been made under the present pastor. In 1864 a double brick build- ing next the church was purchased and remodeled for school and Sisters' dwelling. In it the Sisters of the Im- maculate Heart have taught a select school during the past fifteen years. An addition to the church was built in 1870, which made its seating capacity about 1,050. In the same year a commodious brick pastoral residence was erected, and in 1880 a new brick school was built, a por- tion of which is devoted to the use of the societies con- nected with St. John's church. The Father Matthew Total Abstinence Benevolent So- ciety was established in 1870 and is in a flourishing con- dition, having a larger roll of membership than any other Catholic total abstinence society in the State. The Young Men's Catholic Literary and Benevolent Society, established in April, 1872, has a membership of 200 and a library of 450 volumes. GERMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH. The German Catholics of Pittston built a church in 1865. The first mass in it was on the last Sunday of May, 1865. Rev. Father P. C. Nagel, from Wilkes- Barre, supplies the pulpit. ST. John's and st. peter's evangelical lutheran CHURCHES. On the 22nd of November, 1857, Rev. G. H. Vossler, then pastor in Wilkes- Barre, came to Pittston and organ- ized a church with 50 members. Their meetings were held seven years in the school-house at Hamtown, a por- tion of Pittston township adjacent to Pittston boTough. When a church building was contemplated dissensions -M> ■4h 338 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. arose regarding a location, and the congregation was di- vided: one part, under the old name, St. Peter's, erected a church building in Hamtovvn, and the other part organ- ized as St. John's, and built the church on Wood street, in Pittstor, borough, at a cost of $2,000, the corner stone being laid on the 30th of October, 1863. The first sermon was preached the i6th of the following October. The ladies subsequently furnished the church, and the youn.; . men's society raised funds for a bell and an organ, the aggregate cost being $1,000. A Sunday-school was or- ganized on the 27th of November, 1864, with 34 scholars and 8 teachers. The St. Peter's building was also erected in 1864, and dedicated the 22nd of September. The ladies' society of this church raised funds to furnish the church and supply a bell. A Sunday-school has been maintained here since 1857. It now numbers 80 pupils and 12 teachers. Since its organization it has been under the superintendency of C. Schule. Rev. G. H. Vossler was succeeded as pastor of St. Peter's church in 1858 by C. M. Gaeger; August 19th, i86r, C. Speidel; July 6th, 1862, C. Oefinger; October nth, 1868, L. Gluber; May 1st, 1872, A. Sommer; Sep- tember 26th, 1875, A. Richter; January 14th, 1877, F. Ehinger; August ist, 1879, G. A. Struntz, the present pastor. Since the division these churches have been served on alternate Sabbaths by the same pastor. PLEASANT VALLEY BOROUGH. PORTION of the township of Pittston was incorporated as Plea'^ant Valley borough under an act passed May 24th, 1871. The first meeting of the common council was held May 25th, 1872. The council has consisted of three members since the borough was organized. The president for each year is mentioned first, the secretary next. 1872 — P. B. Brehony, Robert Reid, George Lampman; 1873 — Brehony, Lampman, Peter J Connor; 1874 — Thomas Herbert, Thomas Tigue, Connor; 1875— Tigiie, David Cranston, Connor; 1S76— Cranston, Tigue, John J. Darkin; 1877— Cranston, Darkin, Peter Foy; 1878 —Michael Lawlor, Foy, Darkin; 1879— James Maloney, William Brown, Lawler. The following gentlemen have have been elected bur- gess: M. C. Early, 1872; P. F. Callahan, 1873; Heniy P. Shales, 1874; William Schoonover, 1875; P- B- Bre- hony, 1876, 1877, 1879; Robert Scott, 1878; P. W. Early, 1880. The population in 1880 was reported as 1,974. Early Settlers. Among the earliest settlers were James Brown, sen.; Aaron Riddle, who lived in an old farm house near the t depot; and John Mitchel, in an old farm house near where No. 3 plane crosses Main street. Jacob Lidy had settled at Little York. James L. Giddings lived in a log house, and a Mr. Ellis on Thomas Weir's lot. He after- ward built the house owned by James and William Bron'n. Mr. McAlpin and William Rau were also among these early settlers. Business Houses. A. McAlpin built a shop here in 1837 for making half bushel and peck measures by water power; subsequently a steam power was added and the manufacture of kegs and cigar boxes. This building was burned in 1854, and the new one erected was blown up in 1872, and immedi- ately rebuilt. In 1874 the firm name was changed to McAlpin & Son, and the manufacture of pails and pow- der kegs was added to the business. C. A. McAlpine bought the shop in 1879, and the business is now the manufacture of kegs, butter packages, &c. The capacity of the machinery is 500 kegs and 500 pails per day. Martin F. Reap was the first merchant. His store was on the site of Hollister's brick store, which was built by Mr. Reap in 1871. In 1869 Law & McMillan established a branch store at Marr. James McMillan was made a partner, and the firm name of James McMillan & Co. was adopted. The building occupied was erected in 1869, burned in 1875 and immediately rebuilt and enlarged. James Maloney established a general merchandise bus- iness here in 1873, making a specialty of groceries and provisions; his store was built in 1875. John King, formerly a clerk with James Maloney, established a similar business in 1876. Thomas McLaughlin began building a store here in 1871, but his death prevented its completion until 1875. It is now occupied and a good business done by his sons. In 1871 J. H. Swoyer built the store now owned by Charles A. Jones. It was then known as the company store. From 1870 to 1873 Mr. Swoyer was very prominently identified with the business interests of Pleasant Valley. In 1877 Mr.' Jones was manager for Mr. Swoyer. The next year he bought a half interest in the store, and January 1st, 1879, succeeded to the whole of the business. Schools. There are six well organized public schools in the borough, with an average daily attendance of 425 pupils. Two gentlemen and four lady teachers are employed. Postal Facilities. The earlier residents were accommodated with mail by the office at Pittston. Subsequently the department established a mail route from Pittston to Pleasant Valley. James McMillan was appointed postmaster in April, 1871, and Andrew L. Flock carried the mail daily until July, 1872. The ofifice was named Marr in allusion to James H. Marr, the chief clerk in the first assistant postmaster general's office. In 1873 a daily mail route was established from Old 4^ *ih LODGES AND ASSOCIATIONS AT PLEASANT VALLEY. 339 Forge to Marr, and now a daily mail is supplied to all these communities by rail. Lodges, Societies and Companies. Way Aug Lodge, No. 784, /. O. O. F. was instituted on the 19th of December, 1871,. with twenty charter mem- bers. The first officers were: William Barnes, N. G.; Lyman K. Drake, V. G.; John House, R. S.; John B. Swartz, A. S.; James B. Wood, treasurer; G.M.Snyder, S. P. G. The present officers are: James Webber, N. G.; Theo- dore Smith, V. G.; John Hailstone, R. S.; John Hastie, F. S.; David Muir, A. J.; C. E. Rolls, treasurer. The lodge meets each Saturday evening at Odd Fel- lows' Hall, which was built in 1875. The Emerald Benevolent Association is represented at Pleasant Valley by branch No. 36, which was organized on the sth of October, 1873, with 25 members. The ob- ject of this society is to furnish relief for the family of deceased members, and weekly benefits to the needy and disabled. It is under the auspices of St. Mary's church, Rev. M. F. Crane being the spiritual director. Michael Whalen was elected first president; M. T. Hoban, secre- tary; Lawrence Morrahan, treasurer; John D. McCarthy, marshal. The membership is now about 175. The present of- ficers are: John D. McCarthy, president; John Mead, secretary; James Dougherty, treasurer; John McKeone, marshal. The stewards in charge of disbursements are Patrick Loughery and John McCabe; John Mead, James Ward and Patrick Doran, trustees. Marr Lodge, No. 1,131, /. O. G. T., was instituted April 28th, 1876, chiefly through the efforts of Mr. James Graham. The first officers were: Robert Oliver, W. C. T.; Mrs. James McMillan, W. V. T.; James Hastie, W, Chap.; Andrew Flock, W. R. S.; John Anderson, W. A. S.; John Hastie, W. F. S.; James McMillan, W. T.; William Dick, W. M.; S. O. Ella Flock, W. D. M.; James Graham, W. I. G.; Robert Anderson, W. O. G.; Mrs. Allan McDonald, W. R. H. S.; John Connor, P. W. C. T. The present officers, in the same order as the first, are: Robert Anderson, Mrs. Simon Bouse, James Hastie, James Anderson, S. O. Ella Flock, John Sutcliffe, Mrs. Andrew Flock, Frank Snyder, Mary McMillan, Marion Graham, Charles Cranston, Frances Porter, Jean Mc- Crindle, John McCrindle. The lodge meets Tuesday evening of each week, at Webber's Hall, and for a time had 108 members in good standing, the largest membership in the county. Father Matthew T. B. A.— A. preliminary meeting was held in school-house No. i on the 26th of October^ 1876, when about thirty Catholic young men enrolled themselves as the nucleus of a Temperance Beneficial Association. John Meade was chosen president, with P. B. McKune, secretary and P. B. McKune, sen., treasurer. On the sth of the following month Rev. M. F. Crane administered the pledge of total abstinence to thirty-five members, and he became the spiritual director of the so- ciety. The membership has nearly doubled, and a suit- able hall has been provided for their meetings on the first and third Sundays of each month. The present officers are: Rev. M. F. Crane, spiritual director; John McHale, president; John McKune, secre- tary; Patrick Doran, treasurer. The Father Matthew Cadets is an auxiliary to the T. B. A., numbering about seventy Catholic boys, who as they arrive at the proper age are eligible to membership in the latter. This society was organized in the autumn of 1879, and is under the spiritual direction of Rev. M. F. Crane. Knights of Honor. — On the evening of November 23d, 1876, Pleasant Valley Lodge, 170, of this order was formed. From a membership of fifty-three the following officers were elected: Gilbert Alexander, past dictator; G. M. Snyder, dictator; David Cranston, vice-dictator; F. J. Boon, assistant dictator; John H. Christian, re- portjr; James Morse, financial reporter; Thomas Mc- Crindle, treasurer; George W. Schales, chaplain; Wil- liam Brown, guide; James Allen, guardian; George Lampman, sentinel. The present leading officers are: James Allen, D; Da- vid Cranston, reporter, and Gilbert Alexander treasurer. Lodge meetings are held in Odd Fellows' Hall. Band. — The Father Matthew Silver Cornet Band is a brilliant young band of fifteen pieces, organized in 1872. James Gilhooley is president; James Jennings secretary, and William Saramon leader. The Emmet Guards. — In June, 1879, this company was organized in Emmet Hall, with thirty-eight of the most enterprising young men of Irish descent as members. The list increased to forty-five, and in July James Quinn was elected captain, P. W. Early first lieutenant, and James Quinnan 2nd lieutenant. The non-commissioned officers are P. H. Flaherty, Patrick Chambers, Peter Far- rell, Edward Murphy and Thomas Herbert, sergeants; John Walsh, Frank McGuire and John Flaherty, cor- porals. The company is fully uniformed and equipped, armed with Springfield rifles. Company E, gth Regiment, P. S. M. contains 60 privates and a full corps of officers. It was uniformed in August, 1879, and during the following month was armed with Springfield rifles. The following is the list of officers: Chaplain, Charles A. Jones; ist lieutenant, Charles W. Fisher; 2nd lieutenant, Ebenezer Frew; sergeants — J. Wesley Sanders, Charles A. McAlpine, James Morse, Adelbert M. Sanders, Thomas F. Currie; corporals — George Lampman, Eugene McAlpine, Thomas M. Crans- ton, Michael Reap, Simon Rumage, John T. Mitchell, Lemuel B. McAlpine, James Murdock. Churches. St. Mary's congregation numbers about 250 families, in the borough and the adjoining townships of Marcy and Lackawanna. It formerly belonged to St. John's congre- gation, Pittston, and was regularly attended by the priests of that place till November, 1875, when as a separate parish it was placed in charge of its present pastor, Rev. <^ =^^ 34° HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. ^h M. F. Crane. Previous to 1874 service was occasionally lield, amid many difficulties and inconveniences, in No. i school-house. Rev. John Finnan, pastor St. John's, Pitts- ton, secured from the New York & Pittston Coal Com- pany two building lots, on which he caused to be built the prtsent beautiful and substantial frame church. It is in the Roman style of architecture, 48 by 96 feet, and has seats for over 700 persons. The corner stone was laid in 1871 byBishopO'Hara, and three years later the church was dedicated by him under the patronage of the ever blessed Virgin. Since Rev. Father Crane has been placed in charge the congregation has erected a pastoral residence equal to any other dwelling in the borough, and has bought and en- closed, at a cost of $1,500, five acres of ground for burial purposes, and made many improvements around the church and pastoral residence. Langcliffe Presbyterian C/z/z/c/;.— About the middle of the village, in a spacious open lot beautified with shade trees, is the Langcliffe Presbyterian church. An old and honorable English family, the Dawsons of Langcliffe, held an interest some years ago, as partners in the New York and Pittston Coal Company, in the lands now worked by the Pennsylvania Coal Company, and the name of this (hurch commemorates the interest which they took in the religious welfare of the people settled on the coal lands. Soon after the opening of the mines a member of the family took steps toward forming a church. Those in- terested were chiefly Presbyterians of Scottish birth and members of the church at Pittston, but others of Ameri- can birth and Presbyterian faith acted with them. Among these persons may be mentioned James McMillan, William MacCrindle, Thomas Weir, George M. Snyder and Albert MacAlpine. They were authorized to select a lot on the company's estate. The lot chosen, 150 by 300 feet, together with $600 from Miss Dawson, was. donated to trustees of the Presbyterian church. The handsome edifice which Miss Dawson suggested, and to which she had so liberally contributed, appropriately bears the name of her English patrimonial estate "Langcliffe." Mr. Edwin F. Brown of New York, was another early benefactor, furnishing the parsonage lot for a merely nominal sum, and giving an elegant silver communion service, consisting of four patens, four cups and a flagon, in memory of his son. The entire cost of church and parsonage was $6, 000. The property is unencumbered. The congregation was fully organized as a Presbyterian church on the 18th of September, 1870, by a committee of the Presbytery of Lackawanna, twenty-four persons presenting letters of dismission from the church at Pitts- ton. William Anderson, lately elder of the United Pres- byterian church at Creetown, Scotland, was the first elder, Thomas Weir, a Scotchman from Lanarkshire, being associated with him. Early in 1872 Rev. Archi- bald S. Stewart was installed as joint pastor. He grad- uated in theology at Princeton, New Jersey, in 1856, and ]jreached at F'armsville, Fort Washington and Grefton, Wis., and at Wallburg, N. Y., before coming here. He ■v died in his 57th year at Langcliffe parsonage January ist, 1876. On the i6th of June, 1876, Rev. Andrew Brydie was installed, having been called from Scotland. He is a Master of Arts of the University of Edinburgh and a graduate of the New College of Edinburgh. , The several organizations of the church for Christian work are vigorously maintained. The membership has increased from 24 to 102. The Sabbath-school is effect- ively officered. The attendance is about 150. A wing of the church and Sabbath-school of Langcliffe has been established in Moosic. Mr. Brydie holds service there every Sunday afternoon, and a flourishing Sunday- school is carried on by Mr. William E. Olds, of the Moosic Powder Company. The library, maintained by the generosity of an individual, is one of the finest in the county. PLAINS TOWNSHIP. HIS township was formed November loth, 1851, from Wilkes-Barre and Pittston, and covers an area of 15 square miles. It was originally owned and occupied by the Wanamie tribe of the Delaware Indians, ^^^ whose chief was named Jacob. He lived on that ' '^ level portion of the township near the borough of Parsons, and the name Jacob's Plains was given to that locality; but upon the formation of the township the old Indian's name was left out. The original Wyoming settlers, who came from Connec- ticut in the summer of 1762, located in Plains. They ar- rived, to the number of about two hundred, in Augusti and settled just above the mouth of Mill creek, building a village of small cabins. The Delaware Indians, who were familiar and friendly, had been cultivating some small clearings, but except these the pioneers found the forest prevailing. They sowed a few acres of wheat and in November returned to New England. Early the next spring they returned with their families and others, bring- ing some live stock and provisions. During the summer of 1763 a number of the Iroquois came among the Delawares in the garb of friendship, and fired the dwelling of Teedyuscung,which was consumed, and the venerable Delaware chieftain perished in the flames. The culprits charged the crime upon the colonists, and the aggrieved Delawares resolved to avenge themselves. On the 15th of October they fell upon the unsuspecting pioneers in the fields, killed twenty or thirtp of them, took several prisoners, and drove off the live stock. The sur- vivors who were not captured fled to the mountains, while the savages burned their houses. The fugitives, destitute of every preparation for a journey, had no al- ternative but to strike out into the wilderness for a trip of two hundred and fifty miles to their old homes in New England, and for several succeeding years the history of Plains is a blank. RESIDENCE.OFF1CE,&DRUGSTORE.«D?PETERC.SHIVE,PIAINS,LUZERNECO,PA. BUILT 1877 f i^ EARLY HISTORY OF PLAINS TOWNSHIP— COAL MINING. 341 In January, 1769, Amos Ogden, John Jennings and Charles Stewart leased of the proprietaries 100 acres of land, and came on and took possession of the improve- ments made by the Connecticut people who were driven away by the Indians in 1763. Near the mouth of Mill creek Ogden and his party built a block house, which was called Fort Ogden. The Connecticut people, learn- ing of the action of the Ogden party, returned in the spring of 1769, and from that time till the final adjust- ment of the difficulties between the Susquehanna Com- pany and the proprietaries of Pennsylvania, there was an almost continuous series of victories and defeats for each claimant. Thus it will be seen that Plains, in point of settlement, is the senior township in the valley; and that her soil was the first to be moistened by the tears of affliction and sorrow, and drank the blood and entombed the bodies of the first victims of savage hate in the bloody annals of the Wyoming valley. Notwithstanding the reverses which the pioneers had suffered, the year 1773 found them in possession of Plains and Mill creek. Yet in the spring their provisions were so nearly exhausted that five persons were selected to go to the Delaware river near Stroudsburgh for sup- plies, that being the nearest point at which meal and flour could be obtained. John Carey, then a lad of six- teen, volunteered as one of the party. On this journey fifty miles of mountainous forest, intersected by deep ravines and numerous streams, including the rapid and ice-burdened Lehigh, had to be traversed. The destitu- tion relieved by this arduous expedition gave way to plenty when the shad-fishing seassn arrived, and a perma- nent supply of breadstuffs was insured by the construc- tion of a grist-mill by Nathan Chapman in the spring of 1773. He was granted the site of the Hollenback stone mill and forty acres around it. " The irons fo" the mill were brought by Mr. Hollenback, in his boat, from Wright's ferry, and on the way up the river Lazarus Young was drowned." Very soon after this, by a vote of the people, "all the privileges of the stream called Mill creek, below Mr. Chapman's mill was granted to Stephen Fuller, Obadiah Gore, jr., and Mr. Seth Marvin, to be their own property, with full liberty of building mills and flowing a pond — but so as not to obstruct or hinder Chapman's mills — provided they have a saw mill ready to go by the first day of November, 1773; which gift shall be to them, their heirs and assigns forever." This was the first saw- mill built on the upper waters of the Susquehanna. As soon as the mills were built and in operation, a ferry was established at the mouth of Mill creek, to Forty Fort, which is still in existence. The old Indian fortifications, as they are called, were on the river flats, on what is now known as the Hancock property, and on a direct line from Swoyer hill to the Susquehanna river, just northwest from the Burroughs colliery. The outlines of the works are still visible. The form was that of a four-bastion battery, well calculated for defence if properly located. There are three places in the township that were once known as burying grounds. The Gore burying ground was on the flats, between the old plank road and the ca- nal, northeast of the Henry colliery. Another was near the M. E. church, in the northern part of the township, and the third in Wilcox's field, near Plains village. These grounds have long since been abandoned, and no stone marks the resting place of the dead. The pioneer " weaver of the Plains " was James Camp- bell, a Scotch-Irishman. He was an expert in the art of weaving, and was noted for the fancy work that he turned out from his loom. In 1815 George Gore worked at blacksmithing on the flats, near the Gore burying ground. The Wilkes-Barre Water Works reservoir, on Laurel hill, a short distance above the borough of Parsons, was built in 1858. Calvin Parsons, of Parsons borough, was one of the commission that located it (appointed in 1852), and the only one living in i88o. The following justices of the peace have been elected for the township of Plains: James Williams, 1857 and 1862; John J. Thompson, 1864; John C. Williams, 1867, 1874; Patrick Cox, 1870; Jenkins B. Jones, 1872; M. C. Vaughn, 1876; Evan T. Morgan, 1877; Thaddeus M. Conniff, 1879. The population of the township in 1880 was 5,354, against 4,018 in 1870. The Anthracite of Plains Township. We are indebted to Pearce's Annals of Luzerne for a few items in relation to the use of anthracite coal in this township. "In 1769 Obadiah Gore and his brothers came from Connecticut with a body of settlers, and the same year used anthracite coal in his blacksmith shop." This appears to be the first coal known to have been used in this tovvnship. Gore's shop was on the river flats, near where Enterprise colliery is located. " In 1876 two Durham boats vi'ere sent from belovv to Wyoming for coal, which was purchased from Mr. R. Geer, and mined from the opening, now the property of Mr. John Wells Hollenback, above Mill creek." This appears to have been the first shipment of coal from this township. In 1808 Henry Stark, of this township, having wit- nessed the burning of anthracite coal in the grate at Judge Jesse Fell's, returned home and tried the experi- ment with success, and becamethe pioneer coal burner of Plains township. "In 1813 Col. George M. Hollenback sent two four- horse loads of coal from the mine now worked by Colonel H. B. HiUman, above Mill creek, in this county, to Phil- adelphia." This appears to have been the first shipment of coal from this township to Philadelphia, and the first sent out by teams. "In 1813 Colonel G. M. Hollenback employed Daniel Gould to mine two ark loads of coal from the bed above Mill creek, at 75 cents per ton.'' " In 1814 Crandall Wilcox entered the trade, and sent several ark loads of coal down the river from the old Wilcox mine in Plains township." ^¥ <^ ^h 342 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. The Hillman shaft and breaker are in the northwest part of the township, in Mill creek valley. There were employed at this shaft in 1878 66 men and boys inside, and 27 outside the mine. The coal mined (in 107 days) amounted to 30,000 tons. This mine was operated by H. B. Hillman, who was also the general superintendent. George Faurick was mine boss, and George H. Hillman outside foreman. Enterprise colliery is on the south side of the canal, below Swoyer's hill, and in 1878 produced 64,500 tons of coal. There were employed inside the mine 171 men and boys, and 90 men and boys outside. The number of days worked was 106. The colliery is operated by the Forty Fort Coal Company, with J. H. Swoyer as superin- tendent, and Charles Leonard as assistant. William Mc- CuUoch was inside and John Eustice was outside fore- man, and Robert Hyslop mine boss. Wyoming colliery is located at what is known as Port Bowkley, on the North Branch canal, and is operated by the River Side Coal Company, who in 1878 employed 262 men and boys inside the mine, and 128 on the out- side. They worked 134 days, and mined and shipped 127,250 tons. J. H. Swoyer is the general superintend- ent; William McCulloch inside foreman, Jenkins B. Jones mine boss, and Philip Wintersteen outside fore- man. The Henry colliery is north of Wyoming colliery, on the canal. There are employed inside the mine 254 men and boys, and 88 on the outside. The mines were worked 160 days in 1878, and there were mined 110,000 tons of coal. The colliery was operated by the Lehigh Valley Coal Company, with Frederick Mercur as super- intendent, Thomas E. Lewis mine boss, and William E. Lines outside foreman. Mineral Spring colliery is on the line of the Lehigh and Susquehanna railroad, southeast .■^ide of the township, and is operated by the Lehigh Valley Coal Company, with Frederick Mercur superintendent. This colliery was idle during 1878. Midvale colliery is also operated by the same company, and was idle in 1878. Mill Creek colliery is operated by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, with A. H. Vandling as general superintendent, and C. Scharar as assistant and inside foreman. John E. Cook is mine boss, and William Foote outside foreman. There were employed in 1878 251 men and boys on the inside, and 134 on the surface. The mine was worked 154 days, and ])roduced 158,478 tons of coal. Pine Ridge colliery employed in 1878 on the inside 259 men and bo3S, and 132 on the surface. The mine was operated in 1878 by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. A. H. Vandling was general superin- tendent, John T. Moore mine boss, S. W. Franklin out- side foreman, and Christopher Scharar inside foreman. This mine produced in 1878 : 14,066 tons of coal. Laurel Run colliery was operated in 1878 by the Dela- ware and Hudson Canal Company, with A. H. Vandling as superintendent. Hugh McDonald was mine boss D. Hh W. Kemble outside foreman, and C. Scharar inside foreman and assistant superintendent. There were em- ployed in the mine 196 men and boys, and 106 on the outside. The mine was worked 125 days, and produced 100,978 tons of coal. Baltimore slope was worked in 1878 with 196 men and boys inside, and 122 on the outside. In 137 days they mined 102,818 tons. The slope was operated by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. A. H. Vandling was general superintendent, C. Scharar assistant superin- tendent and inside foreman, Thomas Tamblyn mine boss, and John Bowers outside foreman. Hollenback colliery was operated in 1878 by R. S. Pool, who was also general superintendent and mine boss, and John Bowers outside foreman. There was no coal shipped from this mine in 1878. Prospect colliery, in the southwest corner of the town- ship, near the mouth of Mill creek, is operated by the Lehigh Valley Coal Company, with Frederick Mercur as general superintendent, and Charles Leonard assistant; William Samuel is mine boss, and William Patten outside foreman. In 1S78 there were 289 men and boys em ployed under ground, and 167 on the surface. The mine was worked 150 days, and produced 135,000 tons. The Wilcox colliery is in Plains village. It is a small colliery, and not reported by the mine inspector. Welsh Congregational Church. This church was organizec^ in the school-house of school district No. 3, in May, 1 869, by Rev. David Davies, D. D., late of London and at that time pastor of the Welsh Congregational church at Pittston, and the Rev. David Parry, of Providence, Pa. The original members were George D. Price and wife, Hopkins J. Jenkins and wife, Evan E. Davies and wife, William Samuel, William Griffith, David W. Davies, Thomas Butler, Evan R. Davies and Mrs. Jenkins B. Jones. The first officers of the church were- Hopkins J. Jenkins, deacon and treasurer, and William Samuel, sec- retary. The school house in district No. 3 was used by the society about two years. The work of building a church was commenced in February, 187 1, the miners (who were then out of work on a strike) quarrying the stone for and buMding the foundation walls. Most of the carpenter work was also done by the miners, under the supervision of Andrew A. Williams and Hiram Shif- fer, and in a short time a church 24 by 36 feet was com- pleted at a cost of less than $500 in cash. Previous to the building of the church the society was without a regular pastor, being served only by the three local preachers belonging to the church, viz., George D. Price, Jonathan J. Jones and David J. Jones. In 1871, soon after the completion of the church edifice, Rev. Dr. Davies, of Pittston, was engaged as pastor. He served two years. During 1873 nnd 1874 there was no pastor. Deacons Griffith and Jenkins died, and the membership decreased rapidly. In 1875 Jenkins J. Lewis and George Tasker were elected deacons, and Rev. John W. Williams, of MTV, th House built bjf LORD BUTLER,Corriar)iU^f,d^ '.^fi(^=^^^^^ ^^^^mmmmm RESIDENCE OF TAMMIE H . STOCKER , PLAINS, LUZERNE CO PA HOMESTEAD OF THE LATE THOMAS STOCKER. =•=? 7 CHURCHES OF PLAINS— BUSINESS HISTORY. 343 Parsons, the present pastor, was engaged, and the church revived. Early in 1877 the church building was moved from Miner's Station to Miner's Hill, about three-fourths of a mile. John Samuel, of Taylorsville, did the work for $235. In June the church was again ready for occu- pancy, having been enlarged and modernized. It is val- ued at $2,000. The membership of the society numbers 96. Deacons J. J. Lewis and George Tasker were killed by an explosion of gas at Prospect shaft, October 8th, 1878. The present deacons are William R. Jones and Thomas R. Powell, and David J. Morgan is church clerk. The Sunday-school was organized in the spring of iSyr, by Jenkins B. Jones, the present superintendent, and had an average attendance of 40 pupils, meeting in the school-house occupied by the society. It now has ser- vices in the church, and numbers 120 members. PLAINS VILLAGE. Plains, knovvn for many years as Jacob's Plains and Plains Post-Office, was no doubt settled about as soon as any portion of the township northeast from the mouth of Mill creek. Among the early settlers were John Cort- right, Elisha Blackman, James Stark, Thomas Williams, Richardson and Samuel Carey. The first tavern we have any account of was kept by John Cortright, in 1815, on the site now occupied by Hancock & MacKnight's store, on the south corner of Main and Merritt streets. Elisha Blackman and a Mr. Richardson kept tavern here at an early date. The first blacksmith in Plains village was James Canady. His shop stood where is now the west side of Jonathan R. Williams's door-yard, next to Dr. Shive's yard. His house was on the site now occupied by Mr. Williams's house, on the west corner of Main and Merritt streets. The pioneer store Was kept by James Stark, on the hill above the village. This was in 1812 or 1813. The first frame school-house was built here about 1820, and stood near the site of the present school-house. The first school was kept in the house standing north of the pres- ent school- house, owned by Crandall Wilcox. There is now a two-story school-house, in which a graded school is'kept. It was built in 1866 and 1867. The pioneer postmaster was one Cortright. He kept the office at his residence, about a mile north of the present office. The present postmaster is O. B. MacKnight. In 1S08 Henry Stark, of Plains, succeeded in burning anthracite coal in a grate. This was the second successful attempt, and was undertaken soon after Judge Fell's success. The first resident physician was Dr. P. C. Shive, who resides on Main street, nearly opposite the Presbyterian church. He came in 1867. The village now boasts six churches, one general dry- goods and grocery store (Hancock & MacKnight's), sev- eral groceries, one hardware store, two physicians (Drs. P. C. Shive and A. A. Barton), two blacksmith and wagon shops, a tailor shop, and the Wilcox mine or slope, opened in 1874-75 by John D. Wilcox, and now worked by Mr. Cortright. The coal is drawn from the slope to the small breaker by horse power attached to a windlass. CHURCHES OF PLAINS VILLAGE. Methodist Episcopal. — Previous to 1843 the Methodist Episcopal society at Plains village was a part of a charge which is now three societies, viz.: Plainsville, Plains and Parsons. In 1843 that portion of the old society living at and near what is now Plains decided to form a society at that place and build a church. The following extract is taken from the original records of the society at Jacob's Plains: "At a meeting held at the Plains school-house April Uth, IMS, to take into consideration the erection of a house for public worship, the follow- ing: were present: James Hanoock, James Stark, John Ahbott, Jonathan K. Williams, Warren Wilcox, Ezra Williams, William Apple, Samuel Wiloo.i:, John Soarle, William Abbott, B. Bailey, D. G. Bailey, Benjamin Cortrig-ht and S. F.Abbott. The meeting- was organized by placing Rev. John Seys, the preacher in charge, in the chair, and D. G. Bailey secre- tary. Decided— we are able and willing to build a meeting house. The question arising- shall it be a Methodist or a union house, after con- sideration it was agreed that it be a Methodist Episcopal house, with the understanding that all truly religious denominations of Christians have a right to occupy the house by asking and obtaining leave of the .trus- tees, at any time that may not interfere with the regular appointment of the Methodist preacher in charge." .'^pril 15th, 1843, James Stark, John Carey and James Hancock were appointed a building committee. They contracted with Gilbert Barnes to build the church, except the foundation, for $940. It was built on a lot north of the present parsonage, donated by John Carey, and sub- sequently moved to its present location, on Main street. July 7th, 1843, Benjamin Bailey, John Carey, James Stark, John Searle, and William Apple were elected trus- tees. The church was completed and dedicated Decem- beniber 14th, 1843, by Rev. Silas Comfort, then presiding elder. The following named preachers have served this society in connection with the Plainsville or brick church, which is a part of the charge: Rev. John Seys, 1843, 1844; Ira Wilcox, E. B. Tewney, John Mulchahey, O. P. Morse, Erastus Smith, Asa Brooks, William Reddy, Charles Giddings, George Peck, Roger Moyster, a local preacher; Samuel M. Bronson, Jonathan K. Peck, Henry Whee- ler, Luther Peck, William Keatly, Miner Swallow, J. S. Lewis, Jacob D.Woodruff, F. A. King, N.J. Hawley, W. J. Hill, H. H. Dresser and J. L. Race, the present pastor, who was appointed in the spring of 1879. The local preachers residing on the charge are J. C. Wil- liams, W. A. Wagner and James Jones. The class leader at Plains is James Jones. The trustees are John Wilcox, O. B. MacKnight, W. A. Wagner, W. H. Bennett, J. C. Williams, Thomas Laidler and W. S. Stark. The value of the church property (which is unencumbered) is, including the parsonage, $3,500. The membership of the church is 90. The Sunday-school has been kept up from about the time the church was built. The superinten- dent is W. E. Doron, and J. H. Race is assistant. There are 200 scholars. Presbyterian Church of Plains. — November i8th, 1869, Revs. N. Park, F. B. Hodge and A. C. Smith met at Plains village by recommendation of the Presbytery, and organized the following named persons into the " First ^^ 4 344 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Presbyterian Church of Plains ": James Steele and wife, James Allen and wife, Mrs. Jane Smith, Maggie Smith, John Granlow, Abraham True, Mrs. Annie True, William Hazle and wife, and E. M. Jones. The ruling elders elected were James Allen and James Steele. The corner stone of the present church edifice was laid November 19th, 1871. The building is of wood, with a brick basement in which are suitable rooms for Sunday-school, lectures and social meetings. The audi- torium can seat 350. The edifice was dedicated in October, 1872, having cost $7,200 for building and furniture. Rev. A. C. Smith was pastor from the organization of the church till 1876; then Rev. A. L. Loder, until the summer of 1879. Rev. Henry H. Welles, of Forty Fort, has since supplied the pulpit. The membership is about 60. The ruling elders are E. M. Jones and Garvin Burt. The church property is estimated to be worth $8,000. The Sunday-school was organized in 1869, with Ed- ward M. Jones as superintendent, and about 40 scholars and teachers. The present superintendent is Matthew Gray. The school now numbers about 75 scholars and teachers, with an average attendance of 60. Primitive Methodist. — The Primitive Methodist society at Plains was organized in 1870, by Rev. J. H. Acornly, with the following members: John Brew and wife, John Hays and wife, Aaron Hilbert and wife, Daniel Lewis and wife, John Goss and wife, Samuel Beven and wife, Walker and wife, John Hays, jr., Joseph Goss and Wil- liam Hilbert. The first meetings were held at the residences of John Carnell and John Ward, in the village of Plains. Then Kaufman Hall w^as used about two and a half years. In 1873 the present church was built, at a cost of $1,300, and dedicated by Rev. J. Barker. It was built on land owned by John D. Wilcox, and in 1879 was moved to its present lot, donated to the society by Hon. C. A. Miner. The cost of moving and repairing the building was $800. The society was chartered in 1876, with the following trustees, who are still in office: John Wall (president), Evan T. Morgan (secretary), William Hilbert, Daniel Lewis, John Brew, John Bath and Joseph Goss. The membership in 1880 was 35. The value of the church property is put at $2,500. The following preachers have served this church and congregation: Rev. John H. Acornly, from the organiza- tion of the society till the dedication of the church in 1873; Rev. C. H. McKechnie, from that time until 1875. Rev. J. Beach then preached six months, and Rev. H. Russell until the annual conference of 1879, when Rev. Moses Harvey, the present pastor, was appointed. The Sunday-school was organized in 1873, with Samuel Beven as superintendent. The present membership is 85. Evan T. Morgan is superintendent, and the average attendance is 67 pupils. . Advent Christian Church. — This church was organized Nov. 2nd, 1875, by Elder I. N. Wilfong, of Philadelphia. In 1876 the society built a chapel in Plains village. seating 200. It was of wood, cost $1,400, and was dedi- cated October 15th, 1876, by Elder Miles Grant, of Boston, Mass. The lot was donated by William T. Merritt, of Poughkeepsie, N. Y. At the dedication the membership of the society had more than doubled. Rev. John E. Cook, one of the elders of the church, has filled the pulpit nearly all the time since the dedication of the church, with satisfaction to the congregation, and is the present pastor. The membership is 24; value of church property $2,000. The Sunday-school was organized about 1876; there are 60 pupils and 10 teachers. SECRET SOCIETIES AT PLAINS. Sodi Lodge, No. 670, /. O. of O. F. was instituted July 19th, 1869, with the following charter members, who were also the first officers of the lodge: Mark Walker, N. G. ; William H. Young, V. G.; Joseph Embleton, sec- retary; Peter Reisurck, A. S.; Mark Wilson, treasurer; L. D. Mott, S. warden; John E. Cook, conductor; Silas Derr, J. warden; John Scott, O. G., and Samuel Maiden, I. G. For the first year meetings were held in the hall over the shop of J. Bell. Since then the lodge has occu- pied the upper story over Hancock & MacKnight's store. The regular meeting is held each Tuesday evening. The lodge has ro6 members. The presiding officers have been Mark Walker, William H. Young, John E. Cook, Mark Wilson, William H. Bennett, Silas Derr, James H. Jones, James D. Patten, David J. Morgan, Stern G. Learn, Evan T. Morgan, Edward Ayers, John Wall, James Martin, William Hurn, Simpson Wharton, Robert S. Mulligan, Richard Moore and James Gartley. The elective officers of the lodge in i88o were: John Ralston, N. G. ; Thomas Edwards, V. G ; James Martin recording secretary; Thomas Davies, assistant secretary; and John D. Wilcox, treasurer. Star of America Encampment, I. O. of O. F. of Penn- sylvania, was instituted December 14th, 1871, with the following charter members and officers: Peter C. Shive, C. P.; William H. Bennett, H. P.; William S. Stark, s! W.; John E. Cook, J. W.; James H. Jones, scribe; Mark Wilson, treasurer; and Robert Hayes, sentinel. The regular communications of the encampment are held in Odd Fellows' Hall, on the second and fourth Friday evening of each month. The encampment num- bers thirty-five members. The following were the elective officers for 1879: Silas Derr, C. P.; William George, H. P.; John Ralston, S. W.; William Pennhale, J. W.; David Morgan, scribe; John D. Wilcox, treasurer. True Ivorites 0;v/^/-. — " Rhys Ap Tervdur," No. 17, of subdivision C, was instituted in the hall of J. B. Jones, September 23d, 1873, with the following-named charter members as first officers: President, David M. Jones; vice-president, James Herring; secretary, David J. Jones! treasurer, David Lewis; steward, David S. Morgan; con- ductor, John D. Hopkins; watchers, John Hughes and Daniel D. Hopkins; trustees, Jonathan Jones and Georce D. Price. ^^= -^^-^ -/Z^::^^^c^^^c^ q' In, R.DKdi :■- Jt'".i J-' r'^-'^'-tn -' " ■ *^^= 4> GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, JENKINS AND PLAINS TOWNSHIPS, PARSONS AND YATESVILLE BOROUGHS. JOHN ABBOTT. John Abbott, whose portrait we give, washorninWilkes-BaiTe town- ship, Luzerne county. Pa., April 8th, 1800. His father, Stephen Abbott, was the son of John Abbott who came to the valley in 1769 and built the first dwelling house in the borough of Wilkes-Barre. In 1813 the old fire-place was still to be seen on the corner lot of Northampton and Main streets, from whence he removed to the Plains in 1774 and settled on the same farm afterward occupied by Stephen Abbott dur- ing his life, and where he died. After the battle of Wyoming, in 1778, John Abbott returned to his previous home on the Plains, with a view to gather and save of his crops what the Indians had left; and while engaged in this work in company with Isaac Williams, a brother of the late Thomas Williams, was attacked and shot by a party of In- dians. On the maternal side the subject of this memoir was descended from Constant Searle, a member of Captain Hewet's company, who was slain at the battle of Wyoming, July 3d, 1778, at the very commence- ment of the action. His granddaughter was the mother of our John Abbott, who, it will be seen, has abundance of martyr blood in his veins. Mr. Abbott continued with hisfather,goingto school and working on the farm, until he had attained his majority, when he, like many other young men, went to Mauch Chunk and entered the service of the Le- high Navigation and Coal Company, in which he continued for about ten years. This was before the company had made their canal nart- gation, and his business was to run the old rude coal boxes to Phila- delphia down the slackwaternavigation and through the "bear-trap" locks. Skill was required in this work and Mr. Abbott very soon ac- quired the reputation of an expert, and a popularity along the line for the dry wit and humor whiah he always had at command. In 1829 he left Mauch Chunk and returned to his farm on the Plains with $1,500, the net savings of his nine years of hard service. In 1830 he was mar- ried to Hannah Courtright, the daughter of Cornelius Couitright, Esq., a prominent citizen of Luzerne county. From this time Mr. Abbott was engaged in farming, in which he was very successful, up to the time of his death, which occurred on the 23d of November, 1881. His widow, one son and two daughters still survive him. The prominent traits of John Abbott's character may be written in a few lines. He was a good neighbor and friend, a first rate financier in making his Investments, and a most industrious business man. E. A. HANCOCK. Elisha A. Hancockwas born in Plains township,Luzerne county,Pa., in June, 1839. He served in the 9th Pennsylvania cavalry from its organi- zation in the fall of 1801 until the close of the war. He lost a leg at the battle of Averysville, N. C. His regiment was the only one of Pennsyl- vania cavalry which accompanied Sherman on his march to the sea. He is at present attached to the staff of Governor Henry M. Hoyt as quarter- master general of the State of Pennsylvania. He is a member of the firm of Hancock, Heels & Co., who are doing a large shipping and commission business in Philadelphia. In the spring of 1866 he associated himself in business at Plains with O. B. Macknight, under the firm name of Han- cock & Macknight, and from a smaU beginning, in a new building, which was intended to be used as a small store and large hotel, their business kept increasing until the entire building is controlled by them. O. B. MACKNIGHT. 0. B. Macknight was bom in Lancaster county, Pa., in July, 1839. He was a member of the 9th Pennsylvania cavalry, and served from its organization in 1861 until its muster-out, at Lexington, N. C, July,1865. He joined as an enlisted man, and through gradual promotion was mus- tered out with the rank of captain. At the close of the war he settled at Plains; married, and entered into business with E. A. Hancock, under the firm name of Hancock & Macknight ; doing a general merchandising business. He is postmaster ; is a member of the board of county auditors of Luzerne county, and one of the directors of the poor for the central poor district. JOHN MITCHELL. John Mitchell, of Plains, Luzerne county, is a native of Scotland, hav- ing been born in Ayrshire, in 1816. He is a son of Robert Mitchell and Mary Brown Mitchell, who came to West Pittston in 1851, where they resided until the death of Bobert Mitchell in 1882. He had lived to the advanced age of seventy-five years. His wife, who survived him, died in 1875, at the age of eighty-four. Their son, the subject of this article, came to the coal fields of Pennsylvania in 1849, and since that time his career has been so eventful and successful that a passing mention of his life and character should not be omitted from the pages that record the growth and development of the industry in which he has been promi- nent. When he was but a mere child— a boy of eight years— he began working as a slate-picker in the mines of Scotland, where he spent about five years. In 1829 he went from home and made himself a home in Nova Scotia, where he resided until his removal to the Wyoming valley in 1849. During the twenty years of his residence in Nova Scotia he was married to Miss Isabella Smith, a native of that province. She died in September, 1878. Mr. Mitchell's first work in this State was done at Port Griffith for the Pennsylvania Coal Company. For eight years he worked 'as a miner, but in 18.57 he began a more independent career by taking a contract from the North Branch Coal Company to mine, prepare and deliver their coal in coal barges for eighty-five cents per ton. He sub- sequently made similar contracts with Thomas Pender, of Plymouth, and in 1860 he leased a coal property in Plains of Volney Maxwell, Esq., and became « coal operator. The following year he leased another property at very favorable rates, and from these two properties he amassed during the first three years of the civil war a large part of the magnificent estate which he has since retired to enjoy. In 1864 Mr. Mitchell sold his rights under these leases and invested the proceeds in valuable coal lands in the same vicinity, which he now leaFCs. After be- coming a citizen under the American government he cast his first vote for JohnC. Fremont, and he has ever since been identified with the Kepubli- can party. He was one of the Presidential electors elected by the Re- publicans in 1880. He has lived to see his children— three sons and four daughters— all well situated in pleasant homes. CALVIN PARSONS. Calvin Parsons was born April 2nd, 1815, where he now lives. He was married August 17th, 1837, to Miss Ann Parsons, of Enfield, Hartford county. Conn. Mrs. Parsons was born June 32nd, 1814. Tlieir children are : Oliver A., born May 11th, 1838 ; Louisa A., May 4th, 1840 ; Almeda A., July 31st, 1843; Annie D., July 24th, 1848, and Hezekiah, October 20th, 18.54. Mr. Parsons was for many years a manufacturer of woolen goods at Parsons and is now a farmer. He was commissioned in 1835 as cap- tain of the Wilkes-Barre and Pittston Eifie Blues, an independent company. JOHN AND MARY SEARLE. * John Searle, deceased, was a son of Rodger Searle, who was in the Wyoming massacre, and a grandson of Constant Searle, from Connecti- cut. He was born February 1.5th, 1795, and died in 1863. He drove stage from Wilkes-Barre to Montrose in an early day and was interested in stage and mail routes until his death. He was married in September, 1822, to Mary, daughter of the late Henry Stark. She was born at Plains, Februaryl6th, 1800, in the old house that stood where the shaft of the Enterprise colliery is sunk, on the farm where she now resides. This house was built by her father, who was one of the early settlers of the Hh- =^^ 344-^ nh 344^ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. township. Mr. Searle's family consisted of two sons and six daughters. His son, Jobn Rodger, was a lieutenant in the 58th Pennsylvania and died in the service December 13tb, 1803. PETEU C. SHIVE, M. D., of Plains, one of the mnst suooossful bmineas men of this section, is of German extraction and one of the third generation of his family borri in America. He was born in Buolts county, Pa., August 18th, 1830. His early years were spent on a farin, and as he approached his majority his time was divided between farming and school teaching. November 11th, 1853, he was married to Elizabeth Delp, of Bucks county. She died November 35th, 1803, and he was married October 15th, 1801, to Miss Hannah Seiple. His early educational advantages were only such as the common schools atfordcd, with the exception of eight months at an academy, liarely is the title " a self made man " so deservedly given as in the case of Br. Shive. By diligent application and untiring effort bo overcame obstacles which to a less positive, determined nature would have seemed insurmountable ; pursued his studies when any possible time could be secured, and March 3nd, 1881, received the degree of M. D. from the medical department of the Pennsylvania University, of Phila- delphia. He located at Plains in March, 1807. There was then no resi- dent physician between Willtes-Barre and Pittston. He brought with him such astock of medicines as was then necessary to his practice. To this he has gradually added until he has one of the most atti-active and best stocked drug stores in the county. His store and residence, a view of which is found elsewhere, is the tinest building in his vicinity. It was erected in 1877. During his residence at Plains the doctor has seen at least a dozen rival physicians come and go, while he has enjoyed the increasing couUdence of the people to the present time. THOMAS STOCKER. Thomas Stocker, whose portrait appears elsewhere, was born in Forks township, Pa., July 20th, 1800, the fourth child of a family of eleven— a sou of Jobn and a grandson of Adam Stocker, of German stock, promi- nent citizens and landowners at Stockertown, Pa. — and was of the third generation of American descendants. In 1816 he removed to Luzerne county with his lather's family, and in 1821 married Catharine Ann Hartiimn, of Heading, Pa., a woman remarkable for her beauty and her many amiable qualities, who through a career of rigid economy, marked by the sterling industry and strict integrity wbich characterized him as an eminently self-made man, was a wise counselor and a worthy help- meet to him. His father was a large landowner in Plains, bis possessions consisting of over two bundred acres and covering millions of dollars' worth of coal. They were purchased for an old shot-gun, and on ac- count of their uncultivated and unproductive state Mr. Stocker, not knowing their value, permitted them to be sold for taxes. The son was a carpenter by trade, and at an early day assisted to construct dams at Easton, Pa. As the years went by he prospered and eventually became the owner of considerable real estate, which increased in value as the interests of the section were developed. He was noted far and wide as a successful hunter and a staunch Democrat. Reared in the German Reformed faith, he with his family became identified with the First Presbyterian Church of Wilkes-Barre, in which he was Ion;? iin elder, and later with that at Plains, the house of which was erected largely at his expense. He was charitable and beloved by the poor, especially the miners living in his neighborbood, many of whom sought his advice and counsel. He died January 7tb, 1878; his wife January 24th, 1880. They had four daughters— Mrs. William Spear, Mrs. Helen Stark, Mrs. D. D- Wilcox and Tammie H. Stocker. ■VViLLiAM W. Amsbry is a native of Bingliamton, N. T., and was born September 18th, 1841. He was married in 1869 to Miss Marj- H. Mitchell, of Plains, who was born February 17th, 1846. Mr. Amsbry is general agent for several coal land owners in this township. Mbs. Sarah Bi^AKCtiABD, widow of the late John Blanchard and daughter of George Lazarus, one of the early settlors of Hanover town- ship, was born in Monroe county. Pa., June loth, 1803, and married to John Blanchard February 0th, 1833. Mr. Blanch ird died July ffijd, 1853, in Jenkins. Mrs. Blanchard has occupied her present i-esidence at Poi-t Blanchardfor the last flfty-seven years. She Is the mother of eleven children, the oldest and the youngest of whom are still living. George D. Ci.artc, who is a native of Plainsville, was born August loth, 1S43, and was married December 2flth, 1806, to Miss Lizzie Tisdol, of North Moroland, Wyoming county. Pa. Mrs. Clark was born April 28th, 1810. Their children are Anna May, born December Wth, 1871, and Sarah Emily, born November 11th, 1874. Mr. Clark is a farmer. John Clark, a native of Wilkes-Barre, was bor'n Februar-y 3Sth, 1701. When he was eight months old bis parents located in this township, on the farm now occupied by his grandson, George D. Clark, whore he lived over eighty years. He then moved to the house now occupied by bis daughters. Misses Parma and Sybil Clark, where he died in December, 1878. Mr. Clark was one of the foumlers and snpDoi-ter* of the Method- lit Episcopal church of Plains township. He was the father of four sons and three daughters. John D. Colvin was born in Abington. Pa., June 2»th, 1835, and mar- ried April 18th, 1887, to Miss Olive S. Richards, who was born in Provi- dence, Pa., April 31st, 1848. They have three children Mr. Colvin en- listed in Company C of the 47th Pennsylvania volunteers in July, 1861, and in October, 1801, was transferred to the U. S. signal corps, and mustered out as lieutenant September 28th, 1805. He is a Knight Temp- lar, Knight of Honor, and a member of Ely Post, No. 97, G. A H. He is first lieutenant of Company C 9th regiment N. G. Pennsylvania. For the past fourteen years he has been foreman for the Delaware and Hud- son Canal C-01, 1803-60; George Davenport, 1850-58, lSOO-62; George Hoover, 1838 ; Gardner Nesbitt, 1862: John Jessup, 1865-07 ; Thomas Harris, 1807 ; Joseph Ja(iuish, 1868-71; Sam- uel Harrison, 1869, 1S70; J. H. Linn, 1S72 ; Henry L. Hughes, 1873; Owen Doyle, 1873, 1874; Owen McDonald, 18'. 4 ; Daulel Fraoe, 1S75; William Charles, 1875; Patrick Cowell, 1876; Martin Collins, 1870 ; Joseph Linn, 1877 ; Hiram Labar, 1877 ; Patrick Koan, 1878 ; Abram Deets, 1878 • Wil- liam P. Evans, 1879 ; H. Smith, 1879. Jusficcs.-Appointed: James Sutton, July 4th, 1808; Daiid Perkins, September 30th, 1808; William Trux, March 30th, 1809; Moses Scovel, July 13th, 1809 ; Stephen HoUister, June 30th, 1810 ; Charles Chajunan, January 18th, 1813; Samu.-l Thomas, March 20th, 1816 ; Jacob I. Bosjardus, Janu- ary 9th, 1817; Dr. John Smith, Augrust 3nd, 1819; Benjamin Hevnolds, Auifust 17th, 1830; Alva C. Phillips, November 15th, 1&>3 ; John Bennett November 1st, 1836; Tliomas Irwin, December llih, 1836 ; Keubeu Holg-ate' November 2ith, 1830; James Nesbitt, December 16th, 1831; Simeon F Rogers, December 16th, 1831; Fisher Gay, December 4th 1S32- J It Baldwin, May 27th, 1833; Watson Baldwin, December 30th, 1833- Sharp d' Lewis, April 18th, 18;J5; J. I. Boffardus, July 1.5th, ISX; Caleb Atherton' September 30th, 1837; John P. Rice, September 30th, 1837; Peter Allen October 35th, 1838; Henderson Gaylord, October 39th, 18;!S ; Addison c' Church, May 10th, 1839. Elected for terms of five years: Samuel WadI hams, 1840 ; Ebonezer Chamberlin, 1840, 1845, 1856, 1861 ; Hiram Drake- 1841; John Ingham, 1845 ; George Brown, 1815; Samuel Davenport 1851- Caleb Atherton, 1851; Elijah C. Wadhams, 1855, 1800, 1865; E L Prince' 1855; John B. Smith, 1861; Joseph Ives, 1807, 1872; John C. Januisb, 1868- Harrison Nesbitt, 1873; James Stookey, 1875; William L. Pritchard, 1878. Hamlets. The hamlet of West Nanticoke, situated at the mouth of Harvey's creek, contains about twenty dwellings, the Harvey's Creek Hotel, James J. Ruch proprietor ;' the CHURCHES OF PLYMOUTH TOWNSHIP. 353 store of William Yingst and a grist-mill. James Stookey, Esq., is postmaster at this place. At Grand Tunnel are most of the houses connected with the Susquehanna Coal Company's mine.and, it being at the head of the Pennsylvania Canal, the business of shipping coal is done here. The post-office is in the store of Hildreth & Co.; John M. Lyon superintendent of the store and postmaster. Larksville is the meeting place of Wahoo Tribe, No. 119, I. O. R. M. which was instituted March 30th, 1870, by Grand Sachem Charles C. Conly, of Philadelphia, with the following charter members: John C. Jaquish, Har- rison Nesbitt, George Kelley, David Shipp, D. R. Pender- grast and S. D. Robbins. The first officers were: David Shipp, S.; John C. Jaquish^ S. S.; Harrison Nesbitt, J. S.; George Kelley, C. of R.; D. R. Pendergrast, R. of W. The past sachems are David Shipp, John C. Jaquish, Harrison Nesbitt, Peter Brown, J. L. Samison, James Hayward, Isaac Samison, William Blackman, David L. Davis, John Powell, Daniel S. Davis and Edwin Howe. The present officers are: Stephen Dodson, S.; David Shipp, C. of R.; Harrison Nesbitt, R. of W. The lodge meets each Saturday night at Snyder's Hall. Churches of the Township. Methodist Class of Larksville. — The Methodists formed a class at Larksville or Blind Town at an early day, but owing to the loss of all the early class books no record of the original members can be given. John Culvert was the first class leader, and after him Joseph Jaquish acted in that capacity up to the time of his death. The minis- ters were supplied from the Kingston church, of which this class formed a part. In 1873 a church was erected at a cost of about $4,000. This was soon afterward sold at sheriff's sale, and bought by the "Christian" society. Since that time the meetings have been held in the school-house. The preachers have been supplied by the Kingston Seminary, Mr. M.orish, a student of that insti- tution, being the present minister. Snowden Memorial Presbyterian Church, of Larksville. — The Presbyterians of Larksville organized a church soci. ety May 27th, 1870, with the following as the original mem- bers: Mrs. Charles Hughes, Mrs. Ellen Keller, Mrs. John Keller, Mrs. William Bryden, Mrs. Samuel Diggery, Mrs. John Bersch, Miss Pantha Keller and J. Warden and wife. Although the members of the church were nearly all ladies their husbands freely gave their money for the sup- port of the church, as the fact that they built a church in 1872 costing from $3,000 to $4,000 will prove. The first service held in the church was the funeral of Mrs. Samuel Vanette, March 26th, 1872; the next being the funeral of Hiram Hunter, March 28th, 1872. Rev. Dr. Roberts, of New Jersey, preached the dedicatory sermon, July 30th, 1872. The church property is located at Larksville, a place which was named in memory of Mrs. Polly Lark, who owned the land on which the village is located, was very liberal with her property and died at the age of one hundred and six years. This church was named " Snowden Memorial church" from the fact that it was the third Presbyterian church in the valley for which Rev, E. Hazard Snowden had been instrumental in providing sanctuaries. Two of these, the Plymouth and Larksville congregation.s, were gathered from the world and organized by Mr. Snowden. The church edifice is pleasantly situated on an elevated plateau, where it meets the eye in all directions; the lot is 120 feet square and was donated to the congregation by the Northern Coal and Iron Company. The church was taken under the care of the Presbytery of Lackawanna at its stated meeting in September, 1879. Mr. Snowden continues pastor, although overseventyyears old. The Sabbath-school is in a flourishing condition. "Christian " Church of Larksville. — In 1832 Rev. G. W. Richmond, a "Christian " minister, formed a cl'.urch here, including the Snyders and a part of the Keller family. Meetings were held in the school-house until the pur- chase of the building erected by the Methodist society about 1875. This church has the same minister as the "Christian'' church in Plymouth borough. Welsh Coiigrezational Church. — The Welsh Congre- gationalists residing on the eastern slope of Ross' hill, in Plymouth township, completed the organization of a church society November i8th, 1868. The members of the society at this time were William L. Roberts and wife, Edward Hopwood, John T. Davis and wife, David S. Isaacs and wife, Isaac Jones and wife, Isaac Thomas, Reese Jones and wife, William Hatchwell and wife, Mrs. Jones and Mrs. Joseph Reeves. Meetings were held in one of the houses of the Kingston Coal Company for some time. In 187 1 the congregation erected a fine wooden edifice, costing about $7,000. The dedicatory services were held in March, 1872. There were present Revs. David T. Davis, T. C. Edwards, Edward T. Lewis, D. Daniels, D. E. Evans, S. R. Jones, and Hare. The first minister was Rev. David T. Davis, pastor from 1871 to 1874; Rev. John G. Evans from September, 1875, to 1877, when Rev. T. C. Edwards was placed ovL'r the church, who continues to preach to the congregation. Isaac Jones was the first Sunday-school-superintendent. There is now an attendance of 225 pupils. First Welsh Baptist Church of Kingston — This churcli. on Ross hill, was organized by the Welsh miners working in the vicinity, in June, 1871. Daniel Griffith was elected deacon and William Samuel clerk. The ether members were Mrs. Daniel Griffith, Mrs. William Samuel, David Pritchard and wife, Morgan Williams and wife and Thomas D. Davis. Meetings were held in the Yellow-wash school-house. The church was supplied by different ministers, but prin- cipally by Rev. Theophilus Jones, of Wilkes- Barre, until August i8th, 1876; since then James R. Price has been the pastor. A neat and commodious church, costing. $2,000, was opened for service November gth, 1879, and dedicated on Christmas day, 1879. Henry Jenkins was the first super- intendent of the Sunday-school. About 90 children at- tend the school. <¥. *#^= 354 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. COAL MINING IN PLYMOUTH TOWNSHIP. Daniel Davenport was engaged in the mining of coal in Plymouth as early as 1826. In 1828 Freeman Thomas began driving what is known as the " grand tunnel," which was the first rock tunneling ever done in the Wyo- ming valley. After three or four years of persevering la- bor he struck the big red ash vein, much to the astonish- ment of his neighbors, who had laughed at his efforts, Jameson Harvey began operations on his property below the " grand tunnel " in 1832, and rained coal for several years. Among the early coal operators of Plymouth were Ziba Davenport, Thomas Borbidge, Francis J. Smith, John Ingham, John Flanigan and Martin Brennan; and of a later day John J. Shonk, W. L. Lance, E. C. Wadhams, John B. Smith and others. There are now no individual operators in Plymouth, all the mines being worked by some one of the large coal companies, except one operated by a cor.ipany of three men. DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA & WESTERN RAILROAD CO. This company operates two breakers in Plymouth, the Boston and Avondale, under lease. The Boston Mine, situated near Laiksville, was opened in 1857, by the Boston Coal Company, who operated the mine one year and then leased the works to the Dela- ware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Company. The Boston Coal Company sold to the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company in 1868, and the latter now owns the mine, subject to the lease of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western. The breaker, located near the river, and just above the old cemetery, is reached by a railroad nearly two miles in length, over which the coal is hauled by a twenty ton locomotive. Robert Hutchinson is superintendent, with H. P. Davis as inside boss. There are iii men and boys employed outbide, and 167 inside. The mine is working the "Cocper" and "Patent" veins, forming the "Baltimore" vein. There are 36 tenant houses con- nected with the works. The Avondale Mine was leased by John C. Phelps, of Wilkes-Barre, June 13th, 1863, of William C. Reynolds, Henderson Gaylord and others. In January, 1866, Mr. Phelps assigned it to the Steuben Coal Company, which was subsequently merged with the Nanticoke Coal and Iron Company. The latter erected the breaker and leased to the Delaware, I/ackawanna and Western Railroad Company. One of the most frightful accidents that ever occurred in America took place here September gth, i86g. The breaker burned, and there being but one outlet, and that through the breaker, two hundred and eight men were suffocated. The coroner's jury returned a verdict de- claring that the men came to their deaths from ''the ex- haustion of atmospheric air and the prevalence of sul- phuric and carbonic acid gases in the said Avondale mine caused by the burning of the head house and breaker at said mines." By this accident seventy-two widows and one hundred and fifty-three orphans were left to mourn the loss of husband and father. Relief committees were organized in various towns, and by October 2nd the sub- scriptions amounted to $155,825.10. Thomas W. Wil- liams, of Plymouth, and David Jones, of Grand Tunnel, lost their lives in the attempt to reach the men in the mines. A new breaker was erected at once, and the mine has been operated ever since. Conrad Lee is outside foreman, and T. J. Philips inside boss; 240 men and boys are employed inside, and about 150 outside. About 800 tons of coal are min,ed daily. CHAUNCEY BREAKER. This mine is situated between the Avondale mine and the Susquehanna Coal Company's breaker. Charles Hutchinson & Co. began work here in i860. They sold to Albrighton & Co., and the present owners bought in August, 1868. The capacity is 200 tons daily, but the production is only 125 tons, fifty men and boys being em- ployed. Thomas P. Macfarlane is outside foreman and Buckley Allebach mining boss. SUSQUEHANNA COAL COMPANY'S BREAKER NO. 3 is situated on the " grand tunnel " property of Freeman Thomas, and also works the coal from the lands of Jameson Harvey. The company erected the present breaker, as the old workings were farther from the river, coal having been hauled to the river and shipped without being prepared. The Buck mountain vein, with its red ash benches, is worked. The machinery consists of 5 rolls, 15 screens, 2 hauling engines of 370 horse power, with a capacity of 840 tons daily; 3 pumps with a capacity of 400 gallons per minute, and 20 boilers of 800 horse power. One hun- dred and eighty men and boys are employed inside, under Worthy Carver, mining boss, and 150 outside, under James AV. Macfarlane, outside foreman. O. K. Bennett has charge of the office of the company at this place. James Macfarlane opened the Macfarlane shaft in 1857, between the Susquehanna breaker and the Union mine. The breaker burned down in 1865, and the mine having been connected with the workings of the Susque- hanna Coal Company, it is worked through their breaker. KINGSTON COAL COMPANY'S BREAKER NO. 2. This breaker is located on the eastern slope of Ross hill in Plymouth township, and the mine is worked by Waterman & Beaver. Morgan D. Rosser is mining boss, and about 225 men and boys are employed inside and 150 outside. Some 1,250 tons of coal are mined daily. The shaft is about half a mile from the breaker, the coal being hauled by mine locomotives. John J. Morgan has charge of the office connected with the breaker. 4 =«=^pt GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, PLYMOUTH TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH AND JACKSON TOWNSHIP. 1 1 E. J. AOHENBAOH, ticket agent for the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, Plymouth, was born August 3d, 1849, at Three Rivers, Michigan, and mai'ried Miss Kate Weiss, ot Bloomsburg, Columbia county, Pa. F. Howard Armstrong, clerk, formerly a farmer, was born in Rilcysville, Wayne county, Pa,, January 8th, 1844, and married Hannah B. Jaquish, of Plymouth. Mr. Armstrong served in the army during the civil war and was mustered out as second lieutenant of Company F 8nd Pennsylvania cavalry. J. R. Baldwin, a farmer of Jackson township, was born in Newark, N.J. He married Mary Baker, who died in 1844. May 2nd, 1864, he mar- ried Anna Pratt, of Nicholson, Wyoming county. He was county com- missioner's clerk from 1814 to 1860. B. D. Barthe was born in Philadelphia, September 7th, 1839, and married Mars:aret Collins, of the same city. During the Rebellion he served as sergeant in the 26th Pennsylvania volunteers. He has for some time published the Pltjmtmtli Star {office Main street, east ward), and has been burgess of Plymouth. A. F. Bates, stable boss, Plymouth, was born in Luzerne county, February 18th, 1846. His wife was formerly Sarah Dreher, of Strouds- burg. Pa. E. W. Beckwith, photographer, was born May 1st, 1830, in Windsor, Broome county, N. Y., and married Miss Julia Chamberlain, of Great Bend, Pa. James Bird, agent for the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Bail- road at Nanticoke, was born in Bear Gap, Northumberland county. Pa., December 7th, 1855, and married Lillie F. Nicely, of Shickshinny, Luzerne county. Elias Bittenbender, who was formerly engaged in shoemaking, now an engineei' in the employ of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, was born in Nescopeck township, February 3nd, 1834, and married Eliza- beth Frantz, of Berwick, Columbia county, Pa. Brice S. Blaik, justice of the peace and assistant burgess, Plymouth, was born in Candor, N. Y., December 25th, 1833. His wife was Miss Flor- ence E. Davenport, of Plymouth. J. H. Campbell, wheelwright, now foreman in the employ of the Pennsylvania Canal Company, was born in Nescopeck, March 4th, 1843, and married M. M. Post, of Union. Worthy Carver, mining foreman. West Nanticoke, was bom in England, in 1835. His wife was Hannah Williams, of Schuylkill county. Calvin W. Case, a life-long resident of Jackson township, was born March 18th, 1812. He married Miss Olive L'Amoreux, also of Jackson. He is engaged in farming and bee-keeping, and has served as justice of the peace twenty years. Rev. Ralph C. H. Catterall, pastor of the Baptist church at Ply- mouth, was born in Lancashire, England, May 3d, 1840. His wife was Miss Caroline Held, of Staffordshire, England. George Cease, farmer and manufacturer of lumber, was bom in Beach Haven, Pa., August 34th, 1813, and married Jane L'Amoreux, of Jackson township. He has served as supervisor. Jacob Cease, faraier and lumberman, was bora in Plymouth town- ship, FebruaiT 4th, 1817, and married Emma J. Van Loon, of Plymouth. He has been supervisor. JosiAH Cease was born in Jackson township, March 3d, 1833. He married Sarah J. Ide, of Lehman township. Mr. Cease, who is engaged in farming and lumbering, has served as town clerk of Jackson. William Coelet, mining boss, Plymouth, was born in England, Oc- tober 6th,'1828, and married Helen Savery, of Schuylkill county, Pa. She died in 1870, and his second wife, Ann Gruntlett, of Plymouth, died in 1874. George R. Conners, outside foreman of Nottingham breaker No. 1.5, Plymouth, was born in Mauch Chunk, Pa., February 3nd, 1853, and mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Rlckett, of Wilkes-Barre. Thomas D. Davis, miner, was born in Wales, in 1846, emigrated in 1885, and married Jane Davis, a native of Syracuse, N. Y. William Davis, merchant, Plymouth (residence on WUlow street), was bom in Schuylkill county. Pa., in August, 1840. He was formerly employed as a clerk. G. B; De Witt, freight agent for the D., L. & W. Railroad Company, was born in Light Street, Columbia county, October 21st, 1853, and mar- ried Miss Jennie S. Lam on, of Kingston. W. W. Dietrick, a lifelong resident of Plymouth, was born in 1846. For several years he has been cashier of the Plymouth Savings Bank. His wife was formerly Miss Georgie Parsons, of Look Haven, Pa. JosiAH W. Bno was born in Slmsbury, Hartford county, Conn., Feb- ruary 23d, 1820, and married Louisa B. Glassell, of Culpepper county, Va. Mr. Eno, who is j ustloe of t he peace, was formerly engaged in mercantile and coal Inisiness. Rev. D. E. Evans was born in Wales, August 7th, 1825. His wife was Miss Elizabeth Evans, of Hazleton. Mr. Evans is pastor of the Welch Independent Church at Plymouth. Charles W. Evans, breaker boss for the Kingston Coal Company, was born in Wales In 1836. His wife, Mary Troy, is a native of Pittston. Mr. Evans was a clerk at General Terry's headquarters in the late war. John W. Evarts, farmer, was born in North Guilford, Conn., in 1844, and married Emma D. Nevel, ot Ross township. He served ten months In the 97th Pennsylvania volunteers during (he Rebellion. William Frain, a resident of LarksvlUe, was born in Shickshinny, May 31st, 1859. Edward C. Fletcher, physician, was born in England, July 3d, 1842, and married M. A. Richards, of Plymouth. Samuel Livingston French, burgess, was bom in Plymouth, Sep- tember 28th, 1839, and has since lived there, having been elected to the otBces of register of wills for the county, secretary of the borough council and secretary of the school board, and now serving his third term as burgess. He enlisted for service in the 62nd Pennsylvania vol- unteers, and afterward served with a company of militia from Plymouth. Mr. French married Harriet S. Turner, of Kingston. Hakvet Fuller was born in HuntsviUe, Jackson township, October 30th, 1820. He married Mary Santee, of Wilkes-Barre. He is the pro- prietor of a lumber and Houring-mill. P. C. Gates, proprietor of the Central Restaurant, Plymouth, was born in Philadelphia, January 7thi 1951, and married Mary A. Snyder, of Plymouth. Rev. Prank Gray, Church street, Plymouth, was born in Stafford- shire, England, and married Margaretta AUbrighton, of Plymouth. He is engaged in the sale of coal. Austin Gregory, miller, formei'ly postmaster, was born in Union township, June 7th, 1823. He had previously worked at the carpenters' trade and farming. Edward HAHN,foreman for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, was born April 30th, 1833, in Germany. He married Miss Elizabeth Burns, of Wilkes-Barre, and was formerly engaged in boating. William B. Hance, grocer, Plymouth, was born in Vienna, N. J. Joseph Harris, tobacconist, was born in Loughor, South Wales, March 4th, 1848. His wife was Miss Catherine Phillips, of Cumavon, Glamorganshire, South Wales. Mr. Harris was formerly engaged in painting. Samuel Hakrison, farmer,wasbom in Hunterdon county, N. J., Sep- tember 17th, 1817, and man-ied Rachel Whitenie, of Newport township. Mr. Hai-rison, who was formerly engaged in mining, has served as supervisor. WiLLABD HiCKOK, forwarding agent for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, was born in Barryville, Sullivan county, N.Y., August 9th, 1852. His wife was formerly Mary B. Thompson, of Hight Palls, Ulster county, N. Y. ROBERT Hutchison, who was born in Pictou, Nova Scotia, January 30th, 1835, is employed as superintendent of the Boston mines,Plymouth. His wife was Miss Sophia J. Easton, of Trevorton, Pa. Charles M. Hyatt, dealer in jeweli-y, groceries and lumber, was born in Bast Smithfleld, Pa., October 30th, 1855, and married Emma A. Case, of Belbend. Henry T. Hutchens was born in Wilkes-Barre, April 16th, 1827, and married Christina Cease, of Jackson. Mr. Hutchens, who is now en- gaged in farming, has also been in the lumber business. Joseph Jaquish, who died at his residence in Larksville, January 31st, 1875, was born in Lancaster county, September 36th, 1811, and mar- ried Huldah Smalley, of Larksville, whose death occurred September 23d, 1852. Mr. Jaquish was a farmer. William Jenkins, carpenter, was born in Plymouth township, April 6th, 1818. He married Mary Chamberlain, of Plymouth. She died No- uember 27th, 1851, and he married Ellen Shaffer, of Dallas. John S. Jones, a native of Buffalo, N. Y., was born in 1833, and mar- ried Hannah Scott, of Plymouth, Pa. He is an engineer in the employ of the Kingston Coal Company. Philip Keller, a native and life-long resident of Plymouth town- ship, was bom March 16th, 1833, and married Esther Davenport, of the =H^ ■i'^4^ f =4^ 354^ HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. same township. Mr. Keller, who was formerly engaged in canal toat- iug, is now occupied in farm'.ng. William E. Labae, harn boss, Avondale, was born in Union, March 28th, 1857. Db Haven Lanoe, superintendent of the Water and Gas Company, Plymouth, formerly superintendent of the Norfolk Manufacturing Company, was horn October 9th, 1846, at Minersville, Schuylkill county. Mrs. Lance was formerly Miss Mary McParlane, of Plymouth. Walteb W. Lahoe, civil engineer, was born it Pottsville, Schuylkill county, September 30th, 1844, and married Julia E. Sooville, of Williams- port. He was formerly a well known coal operator. Charles Lawson, outside superintendent for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company (breaker No. 4), was formerly engaged in engi- neering. He was born in Scotland, November 6th, 1839, and married Harriet Adella Snyder, of Plymouth township. Conrad Lee, church street, Plymouth, was born in Wright township, November 3d, 1843, and married Agnes Weir, of Hazleton. Mr. Lee, who is superintendent of the Avondale mines, has held that position lor the last thirteen years. John R. Lee, merchant, was born in Wright township, November 16th, 1848. His wife was formerly Emily G. Pell, of Wilkes-Barre. Henry Lees, merchant tailor. Main street, Plymouth, was born in England, in 1841. He married Jjorinda Davenport, of Plymouth. Colonel Andrew P. Levi, bookseller, Plymouth, was born in Wilkes- Barre, September 19th, 1845, and married Ellen 0. Davenport, of Ply- mouth. He is colonel of the 15th regiment national guards of Penn- sylvania. James Linn was born in Warren county, N. J., December 11th, 1836, and maiTied Ellen Alkins, of Wilkes-Barre. Mr. Linn, who was for- merly engaged in boat building, is now employed by the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company as foreman of breaker No. 11. E. M. LowERT, carpenter, in the employ of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, was born in Greenfield township, Lackawanna county. May Sth, 1848. His wife, a native of the same county, was for- merly Miss Mai-y Cole, of Scott township. James W. Macparlane, a native of Perth county, Canada, was born July 6th, 1847, and married Agnes Weir, of Plymouth. Pormerly Mr. Maefarlane was engaged ie contracting and building, but he is now em- ployed as foreman for the Susquehanna Coal Company. Isaac M. Mask, master mechanic, Plymouth, was born January 22nd, 1825, in Baltimoi-e, where he married Mary C. Nye, of that city. He was formerly a machinist. C. W. McAlarney, attorney at law, was born in Mifflinburg, Union county, December 20th, 1848. He is now engaged in the practice of his profession at Plymouth. G. W. McKee, physician and surgeon, was born in Bradford county. May loth, 1831, and married N. A. Prantz, of Pranklin. Dr. McKee came to Plymouth and commenced the practice of his profession in August, 1867. B. A. OuTTEN, agent for the Nottingham Coal Company, was born in Norfolk, Va., May 9th, 1838, where he was subsequently engaged in mer- cantile business. His wife, a native of Norfolk county, Va., was formerly Miss G. V. Foreman. B. R. Peckens was born in Montrose, Susquehanna county, June 16th, 1831, and married Mary Alherton, of Kingston. During the Rebel- lion he was captain of Company H 53nd Pennsylvania volunteers. Mr. Peckens, who lias always been engaged in the coal business, is now superintendent of the Plymouth division oi; the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. A. G. Peiper, engineer, Avas born in Philadelphia, August 14th, 1842. His wife was formerly Susan Vannetter, of Plymouth. E. G. Pettebone, farmer, was born November 1st, 1818, in Kingston, where he married Margaret A. Seagravcs. Rev. T. J. Phillips, superintendent of Avondale mines and pastor of the Welsh Presbyterian church, Plymouth, was born in South Wales, July 5th, 1825. His wife, whose maiden name was Ann Jones, is a native of the same county. William L. Pritchahd, justice of the peace, Plymouth, was boi-n in South Wales, September aSth, 1825. Mrs. Pritchard, who is also a native of South Wales, was formerly Ann Watkins. Mr. Pritchard is engaged in mining. George B. Ransom, farmer, was born November 14th, 1852, in Jaokson township, and married Elizabeth P. Wilcox, of the same^township. Frank H. Hat, a native of Columbia county, was born December 3d, 1849, and married Emoline Hens, of Plymouth. Mr. Ray, whose former business was railroading, now holds a responsible position in the employ of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. Daniel Reese, son., mine boss, was born in South Wales, November 25th, 1816, and married Sarah Jones, of Summit Hill, Carbon County, Pa. Theodore Renshaw, a native of Plymouth, was horn November 11th, 1836, and has been employed as mine overseer. He is now engaged in the livery business and as an ice dealer. He has been twice married; his first wife was Emily Bangs and the second Charity Smith, both of Ply- mouth. George P. Richards, liquor merchant, was born in Monmouth- shire, South Wales, April 17th, 1829. His wife, of the same place, was formerly Sarah Thomas. Mr. Richard was elected clerk of the courts of the county in 1870, which ofBce he held one term. James J. HuOH, hotel keeper at West Nantiooke, was born in Lehigh- ton. Pa., October 16th, 1842, and married Minerva J. Hummel, of Beach Haven, where he was at one time assistant collector for the Pennsyl- vania Canal Company. August Schnell, who is a native of Germany, and who married Wil- hehnine Kroeller, of that county, was born November 4th, 1822. He was engaged in surveying before coming to America, and is now em- ployed as outside foreman of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's breaker No. 5, at Plymouth. Fred. Schwartz, liquor dealer at Plymouth, was born in New York, January 18th, 1850. Charles Shupp, a native of Plymouth, was born in 1832, and married H. Mary Levi, also of that place. His mercantile business is located on Main street at the corner of Centre avenue. Peter Shupp, a nativcand life-long resident of Plymouth, was born August IGth, 18.^2, and married Martha Bangs of the same place. Mr. Shupp was married a second time, to Ellen Remmel, of Kingston. He was for many years engaged in the mercantile business, from which he has retired. Peter B. Sites, carpenter, was born in Lehman township, September 4th, 1830, and married EUen E. Hungorford. She died June 17th, 1870, and he married May A. Lattirae, of Plymouth Frank R. Snyder, formerly publisher of the Plymimth Herald, was born in Orangeville, Columbia county. Pa., August IGth, 1834, and mar- ried Lucy E. Coffman, of Bloomsburg. Joseph Sweitzer, furniture dealer, was born in Wittemburg, Ger- many, February 29th, 1828. His wife, Elizabeth Ritterspack, is a na- tive of Bavaria, Germany. Charles Van Loon, formerly a blacksmith, now employed as fore- man for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, was born in Ply- mouth, July 31st, 1836, and married Elizabeth Powell, of that place. C. F. Walton was born in Columbia county, January 18th, 1857. He was previously engaged in farming but is now employed as clerk in H. H. Ashley's store. BoiN Wilcox, brick manufacturer, was born in Plains township, March 2nd, 1818, and married Nancy Maxfleld, of Braintrim, Wyoming county. Mr. Wilcox has also been engaged in farming and mining. C. M. Wilcox, dock boss of the Avondale breaker. West Nanticoke, was born in Plains township, Augiist 9th, 1835. Mrs. Wilcox's maiden name was Esther A. Cease, and she was a resident of Plymouth. Stephen F. Williams was born in Huntington township, and is now engaged in the sale of drugs at Plymouth, on Main above Centre street. Charles H. Wilson, M. D., whs born in Berwick, Columbia county, August 17th, 1835, and married Maria A. Egerton, of Carbondale. He was appointed postmaster at Plymouth, January 4th, 1879. He served as surgeon in the 49th regiment, Pennsylvania volunteers, from 1801 to 1804, with rank as major; and as surgeon-in-chiof of the 3d division of the national guards of Pennsylvania, ranking as lieutenant colonel, from 1870 to 1878. William E. Wolfe, agent for the Ponnsylvnia Railroad, was born in Union county, on St. Patrick's day, m-iS. He was formerly a clerk in the employ of the same company, at Sunbury, and is now living at Grand Tunnel, Plymouth township. JORDEN Womelsdorf, looktondor for the Pennsylvania Canal Com- pany, West Nanticoke, was born in Reading, Berks county, August 11th, 1814. His wife, whoso maiden name was Mary Belles, of Newport town- ■shlp, died in 1800. A. R. Worthington, liveryman, was born at Harvey's Lake, October 15th, 1828, and married C. D. Pringlo, of Plymouth. Harvey Yeaqer was born in Slabtown, Columbia county, November 23d. 1847, and married M. E. R. Smith, of Kingston. He was formerly a salesman, but is now carrying on a general mercantile business. William Tiegst, merchant at West Nanticoke, was born at that place July 19th, 1833. He mai-ried Olive C. Baird, of Jaokson township. His former occupation was farming. We may mention also among the well known residents of Plymouth township and borough the following : P. Bacon, C. K. Bennett, Rev. F. J. Donahue, M. Garrahan, R. H. Gibbons, Jameson Harvey, G. P. Mae- farlane, Commodore Mack, E. W. Marple, John J. Morgan, Charles Nel- son, Rev. T. J. Phillips, Samuel Shaffer, Draper Smith, A. B. Tyrrell. N^ =KN *ii- ^ PROFESSIONAL AND BUSINESS MEN OF PLYMOUTH. 355 PLYMOUTH BOROUGH. ;OVEMBER 30th, 1865, the petition of John B. Smith, Peter Shupp, H. Gaylord, Draper Smith, J. W. Eno and fifty-three others was filed in court, asking that a borough might be incorporated, and that its name should be Plymouth. The grand jury reported the same day in favor of granting the petition, and April 23d, 1866, the Court of Quarter Sessions granted a char- ter, and appointed Oliver Davenport judge, and J. J. Shonk and Ira Davenport inspectors, to hold an election for borough officers on the 2nd Tuesday of May, 1866. At this election, E. C. Wadhams was elected burgess, and the following persons as town council: Samuel Wad- hams, Henderson Gaylord, Peter Shupp, Ira Davenport and Frank Turner. Theodore Renshaw was elected high constable, and J. W. Eno auditor. August 3d a full code of regulations for the borough government was adopted. The borough was divided into two wards in 1872, and in 1876 into eight wards. The population in 1870 was 2,684, and in 1880 6,065. Early Schools and Teachers. The settlers of Plymouth, early recognizing the im- portance of education, established schools as soon as the country became quiet after the Revolution. Two school- houses were built, one near the common-field and the other near Ransom's creek. Jonah Rogers was one of the first teachers and commenced teaching about 1800. A Mr. Hamilton, from Connecticut, taught in the lower school-house in 1806; followed by one Hazleton. The old academy was built in 1815. The early teachers in this building were Jonah Rogers, Thomas Patterson, Dr. Thomas Sweet and Charles C. Curtis. " The languages were first taught in the old academy as early as 1829 " by Benjamin M. Nyce. Nyce and Patterson taught three or four years, and then Mr. Seivers, the last teacher who taught the dead languages in the old academy. A school was established in a building which stood nearly opposite the residence of George Snyder, in Larksville, as early as 1825. This was afterward removed to the lo- cation of the present school-house. The borough has sixteen schools. In 1876 it had fourteen, with an average attendance of 628 pupils. Schools were kept seven months, at an expense of $6,584.89. The old academy is still used, and a fine brick build- ing has been erected in the west end of the borough. Prof. P. Bacon has been principal of the high school for several years. There are over 600 children in daily attendance, and more than $6,500 is annually expended on educational matters. Early Doctors and Lawyers. Dr. William H. Smith was the earliest practitioner of medicine. He was not a resident of the town, however. Dr. Anna Morse, formerly Mrs. Heath, practiced medi- cine early in the present century. She used herbs, calo- mel and jalap as her principal remedies. She was suc- ceeded, about 1814, by Dr. Moreland, who lived here two years. Dr. Ebenezer Chamberlin came into the town in i8r6, and continued in the practice of medicine until his death in 1866. Dr. Charles E. Gaylord, the son of one of the original ''Forty," was the first native of Plymouth to study medicine. He did not practice here, but returned here to spend his old age with his son, dying in February, 1839. James A. Gordon, the oldest member of the Luzerne county bar, resides here, and Hendrick B. Wright, the next oldest, was born here, and only left when he went to Wilkes-Barre to practice his profession. Thomas Nesbitt was the first resident lawyer. He was followed by James A. Opp, H. C. Magee, C. W. McAlarney and George W. ShonkI Business Growth. The business of Plymouth borough has increased wonderfully during the last fifteen years, as the following list of the principal brick business places will prove. The first brick store in the borough was built by E. C. Wad- hams about 1850, and is now used by the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre Coal Company, as an office. George P. Richards built a brick two-story hotel building, which he still occupies. Peter Shupp erected the three-story brick block at the corner of Main street and Center avenue, in 1867. His son Charles now occupies the building for a store. G. P. Richards put up in 1868 the building occupied by C. W. Jenkins as a hardware store. In 187 1 D. K. Spy erected the block where R. Robert's drug store now is. J. B. Smith's opera house was begun in 1871 and finished in 1872. In 1872 Orange Gould erected a two-story brick store, having Lewis Boughton's wagon and blacksmith shop under the same roof. In this year G. P. Richards built the Plymouth House and the store occupied by Reese D. Williams, and Antony Duffy built the Duffy block, occupied by Sol. Hirsch as a dry goods store. In 1873 Henry Lees built his store; James Lynchkill, the building occupied by D. K. Spy as a drug store; James McAlarney, the block he now occu- pies; the Odd Fellows, the block adjoining McAlar- ney 's, and now owned by J. J. Shonk and D. K. Spy; and Mark Duffee the store occupied by Hanes Brothers. In 1874 Daniel Antony built the store now occupied by A. F. Levi as a book store; William Davis, a double store; J. Dennis, the building now occupied by the Star drug store, and Samuel Snyder the store occupied by McKin- ney & Simons. In 1875 McKinney & Simons built the store now occupied by A. Reese, and J. J. Davis his music store. In 1876 D. P. Williams built the double store now occupied by W. C. Sponsler and Thomas Roberts; Richard Lewis, a double store; J. J. Shonk, the store occupied by F. Schwartz; and S. Snyder, a two- story building now used as a barber shop. Ii, 1878 S. F. William built his drug store. In 1879 Lee Brothers, James B. Davis and Abram Straus, each erected two- story brick stores, and Joseph Sweitzer a double two- story brick store. *^h= 360 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. was built in 1872. Rev. Richard Hennessey had charge from 1872 to January, 1876; then Father Patrick Tor.er until May, 1877, when Father O'Haran again took charge, services being performed by priests from the cathedral at Scranton. Rev, Father T. J. Donahue has been pastor since Sep- tember ist, 1877. The society built a parsonage costing $3,000. The Sunday-school has 400 pupils, and there are over 1,200 communicants connected with the church. ST. Stephen's episcopal church. An Episcopal society was organized in Plymouth in April, 1856, and Rev. George D. Miles, rector of St. Stephen's church of Wilkes-Barre, held services for some time, but the society fell through for lack of support. It was again organized in April, 1873. Charles Parrish do- nated a building that had belonged to the Wadhams es- tate and been used for a school-house. This building, which stands by the side of the Presbyterian church, was fitted up at an expense of $1,200. Rev. R. H. Williams, of St. Stephen's church, Wilkes-Barre, held occasional services for some time. Rev. W. S. Heaten was rector from February to November, 1874, and from February, 1875, Rev.- J. R. Furey was rector until June, 1875. From this time to August, 1878, there were no regular services. Then Rev. H. L. Jones, of Wilkes-Barre, held services up to July, 1879. The parish was then con- nected with Wilkes-Barre and Rev. Horace E. Hayden, assistant rector of St. Stephen's church, holds services once each Sunday. first PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The first organization of Presbyterians in Plymouth was effected in 1S56, although several ministers of that denomination had previously labored here. September 17th, 1856, a petition was presented for the organization of "The First Presbyterian Church of Plymouth," by Louisa B. Eno, Thomas W. Prosser, Mary F. Lewis, Ann D. Lewis, Ann D. Rhys, William Stont, Hannah Stont, Elizabeth Stont, Charles Hutchinson, Agnes Hutchinson, Archibald Hutchinson, Margaret Hutchinson, Jane Hutchinson, Ann Hutchinson, William McGuffie, Ellen McGuffie, Robert Hutchinson, Jane Hutchinson, Ellen Wright, Joseph Lind, Jane Lind, James Lind, as mem- bers of the church and Robert Love, Agnes Love, James Hutchinson, George F. Cook, Sarah Ann Cook, Charles Bowie, Robert Bowie, Thomas Wier, Mar- garet Wier, Robert Hutchinson, Isabella McGuffien and Josiah W. Eno. October 5th, 1856, a com- mittee of the presbytery organized the First Presby- terian Church of Plymouth. Charles Hutchinson and William Stont were elected elders, but Mr, Stont not being present, he was never ordained to the ofi[ice. J. W. Eno, William Stont, Stewart Craig, Charles Hutchin- son and Robert Love were elected trustees. Rev. E. H. Snowden preached as stated supply for fifteen years. He preached here once in two weeks, alternating with North Moreland. Rev. William P. White has been pastor since July, 1870. The membership is over two hundred. ■4h The foundation of the present church huilding on Church street was laid in 1866, but the building was not com- pleted until two years later. It is of wood, forty by sixty feet, with a gallery in one end, and cost $4,000. The church was dedicated June i3lh, 1868, Rev. Dr. Cuyler, of Brooklyn, preaching the dedicatory sermon. Rev. N. G. Parke read the Scriptures. Rev. E. H. Snowden (as was most fitting, the erection of the edifice being mainly due to his labors) pronounced the dedication. A Sabbath-school was early organized in the school- house at the lower end of the town. Charles Hutchin- son was the first superintendent, and Mrs. L. B. Eno assistant. There are now 200 pupils. Branches were established on Welsh hill and Boston hill, and there is one with about 50 scholars now at Avondale, under the charge of M. Garrahan. ZION PRIMITIVE METHODIST. This church, whose house of worship is on Church street, Plymouth, was organized early in 1871 with 12 members. The first meeting was held on Temperance hill, in a public school-house. The first minister was Rev. Francis Gray, who served first as a local preacher, as also did Revs. Henry Gray, Henry Jones and J. W. Morgan. Six m.onths from beginning Rev. Francis Gray was engaged as preacher, and served the church until the next annual conference, which was held in May, 1872. The church recommended him as a candidate for the ministry, with a strong request that he should be ap- pointed for another year. He accepted on probation, and was restationed. Preaching was then commenced in Shupp's Hall, Main street, Plymouth, and congregations were large and attentive. Two Sunday-schools were kept up and two preaching services at Temperance hill and Plymouth. This society also established preaching service at Nanticoke, Pittston, Pleasant Valley Plains, Laurel Run, Coal Brook and Wilkes-Barre. From Ply- mouth sprang all the Primitive societies in these places, with Rev. F. Gray as minister and a staff of local preachers. At the conference of 1873 Mr. Gray was removed to St. Clair, Schuylkill county. Pa., and Revs. W. B. Beach and J. H. Acornley were appointed on the Plymouth circuit, Mr. Beach living in Plymouth. During his two years ministry the present church was built, a neat frame building, seating about 300. Rev. T. C. Beach and Rev. C. Spurr each served two years, after which Rev. Francis Gray again had charge. The church being considerably in debt, he gave his services for one year, during which time over $600 indebtedness was paid; the church is now prosperous financially and s])iritually. There are three Sunday-schools, the principal one being at Plymouth borough. There is an average attend- ance of 125 scholars. Rev. Francis Gray is the super- intendent. Rev. H. G. Russell is'the present minister. LODGE AND SOCIETY HISTORIES. I. O. O. F. Shawnee Lodge, No. 225, the oldest lodge of Odd Fellows in Plymouth, was organized February 15th, =•=4* 1847, with the following officers and members: J. F. Smith, N. G.; Draper Smith, V. G.; J. F. Reynolds, sec- retary; Samuel Davenport, A. S.; Ira Davenport, trea- surer; Charles L. Farnham, Samuel Van Loon and E. Bulkeley. The present officers are: E. H. Woods, N. G.; James Rowe, V. G.; James Lewis, secretary; James Pierce, A. S., and A. S. Davenport, treasurer. The lodge has 75 members, and meets at Smith's Opera House on each Saturday night. Plymouth Encampment was instituted April ist, 1868, with the following officers and charter members: David Levi, C. P.: John J. Shonk, H. P.; John E. Halleck, S. W.; Lewis Boughton, J. W.; Michael Shonk, scribe; SJ M. Davenport, treasurer, and A. F. Levi, G. The successive chief patriarchs have been John J. Shonk, David McDonald, Samuel Davenport, A. F. Levi, Lewis Boughton, J. S. McDonald, D. Brown, August Schnell, James McFarlane, Joseph Bodman, William F. Major, Richard Kelley, G. W. Shonk, D. L. Richards, James Trebilcock, James Peafse, James G. Wier, Stephen Stevens, Charles Jones, G. W. McKee, Joseph Sweitzer and J. J. Phillips. The present officers are: C. A. Husche, C. P.; George P. Richards, S. W.; R. M. Evans, J. W.; J. Bachman, treasurer; A. Schnell, scribe. Meetings are held on the second and fourth Fridays of each month. Wadhams Lodge, No. 872, was instituted April 25th, 1874, with the following officers: George P. Richards, N. G.; Charles Murray, V. G.; G. W. McKee, secretary; R. H. Bursch, A. S.; Joseph Sweitzer, treasurer. The past grands are G. P. Richards, N. G. Downes, Charles Murray, G. W. McKee, R. H. Bursch, R. C. Young, D. P. Williams, Sol Hirsch, C. B. Knapp, William Heffman, F. C. Gates, Frederick Schwartz. The present officers are: J. W. Williams, N. G.; C. A. Kusche, V. G.; G. W. McKee, secretary; Richard Rock- weiler, A. S., and Joseph Sweitzer, treasurer. The lodge meets at Richards Hall on each Friday night, and has a membership of 51. Elm Lodge, No. 642, was instituted October 3d, 1878, when the following officers were installed: N. G., J. W. S. McDonald; V. G., S. M. Davenport; secretary, C. F. Derby; assistant secretary, A. F. Levi; treasurer, Lewis Boughton; Rep. to grand lodge, John J. Shonk. Elm Lodge meets in Odd Fellows' Hall, on Main street, on Wednesday evening of each week. It has a member- ship of 87, and has $i,T28 on interest, and $742 in the treasury. The following are the officers: N. G., James Bunney; V. G., Daniel E. Frantz; secretary, Robert M. Evans; assistant secretary, Richard Kelly; treasurer, Joseph Bodman; trustees— F. Howard Armstrong, Daniel Richards and Philip Walters; Rep. to grand lodge, Jos- eph Bodman. MASONIC. Plymouth Lodge, No. 332, A. V. M. was chartered March 7th, 1859, and was duly constituted on the 27th of April following, by Sharp D. Lewis, Esq., D. D. G. M., in the present lodge room in the brick store building of L. C. Wadhams, Esq. The officers installed at that time were: Robert Love, W. M.; Josiah W. Eno, S. W.; Elijah C. Wadhams, J. W.; David Levi, treasurer, and Bryce R. Blair, secretary; these five constituting the entire membership. The officers installed December 27th, 1878, were: Enoch W. Marple, W. M.; Peter N. Garrahan, S. W.; John R. Lee, J.W.; Charles W. Jenkins, treasurer, and S. L. French, secretary. Plymouth lodge was the nucleus from which were formed the lodges at Shickshinny and Dallas. The membership December 27th, 1878, was 54. Meetings are held Tuesday evenings on or before full moon, and St- John the Evangelist's day. Valley H. R. A. Chapter, No. 214, was chartered May 2ist, 1867, and constituted on the 8th of August follow- ing, in the Masonic Hall at Plymouth. The officers at that time installed were: Bryce R. Blair, M. E. H. P.; Elijah C. Wadhams, K. and S.; Livingston French, S.; H. W. French, treasurer; Thomas P. Macfarlane, secre- tary. The other charter members were Rev. J. G. Eck- man, Lewis Gorham and Bryce S. Blair. The entire membership from the organization to De- cember 27th, 1878, was 68 members. The time of stated meetings is Friday evening on or before full moon of each month. Mount Horeb Council, No. 34, P. S. E. and S. M. was constituted in the Masonic Hall, Plymouth, on the 6th of' April, 1868. The original petitioners, officers and charter members were: E. C. Wadhams, T. I. G. M.; S. L. French, D. I. G. M.; Rev. J. G. Eckman; H. W. French, M. of Ex.; T. P. Macfarlane, recorder; Lewis Gorham; Bryce R. Blair, P. C. of W.; Bryce S. Blair, Rev. J. N. Pardee. The presiding officers have been E. C. Wadhams, S. L. French, B. R. and B. S. Blair, John J. Kelchner, W. B. Poush, S. U. Shaffer, A. P. Bar])er, A. G. Rickard, L. W. Jones. The present officers are: Latham W. Jones,T. I. G. M.; S. U. Shaffer, D. I. G. M.; Olin F. Harvey, P. C. of W.; C. W. Jenkins, treasurer, and S. L. French, recorder. The total membership from the organization to Decem- 27th, 1878, was 62. The stated meetings are Friday evening on or next preceding full moon of each month. I. o. R. M. Lackawanna Tribe, No. no, was organized June loth, 1869, with the following charter members: Benjamin Walton, S.; D. E. Frantz, S. S.; E. Meredith, J. S.; N. G. Dennis, P.; G. W. Patterson, C. R.; William Ely, K. W.; Jerome Hooven, E. H. Wood, Y. W. Daniels, Wesley Slocum, Nelson Knapp, Jacob Hooven, John Lees and Jacob Ely. The past sachems are D. E. Frantz, D. McDonald, E. Meredith, D. Brown, B. F. Walton, Jerome Hooven, John Lees, E. D. Barthe, David Fox, James Lewis, Thomas Lewis, Thomas M. Reese, George Evans, George Hughey, William Hooper, John Bright, David P. Davis and George Grandison. ^V <¥ ^h 362 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. The present officers are: Enos Wilks, S.; Thomas Ap- pleton, S. S.; William Sevan, J. S.; John Sprague, C. R.; Thomas M. Reese, K. W. The membership is 48. The tribe meets each Friday night in the Thomas building on Main street. WASHINGTON CAMP, NO. I37, P. O. S. OF A. This camp was organized August 24th, 1870, with 95 charter members. The first officers were: Frederick K. Kilmer, Pres.; Charles Butler, M. of F.; Irwin Shupp, R. S.; Charles Lance, F. S.; W. R. Sherman, T. The past presidents are Frederick Kilmer, Irwin Shupp, William Nead, James H. Wier, Charles Shupp, William Robbins, Samuel Moore, I. W. Shellhamer, H. R. Afleck, J. W. Brodeau, A. Easton, Richard Dennis, Isaac B. Ford, Wheeler Van Loon, Peter Walters and Emnut Lowery. The present officers are: Albert Bates, Pres; Frank H. Ray, V. P; William Sandor, M. of F.; H. R. Afleck, R. S; S. P. Love, T. S.; and W. G. Wandel, T. The camp has 105 members, and meets every Wednesday evening in Spy's Hall. PLYMOUTH STAR COUNCIL, NO. 255, O. U. A. M. was instituted March 4th, 1871, with 16 charter mem- bers. The first officers were: E. D. Barthe, C; W. D. Fritz, V. C; John H. Case, R. Sec; W. F. Major, Ast. Sec; D. E. Frantz, F. S.; D. C. Neagley, Treas. The present (December i8tb, 1879) officers are: A. B. Clewell, C; H. R. Afleck, V. C; James H. Perry, Sec; John Maxwell, C. Sec; F.H.Ray, F. S.; LB. Fredrici, Treas.; A. B, Clewell, William Deets and H. R. Afleck, trustees. The council has one hundred and ten members, and meets every Saturday night in Forester's Hall. ACOLADE CONCLAVE, NO. 2g, K. OF P. Acolade Conclave was instituted December 30th, 1874, with the following members and officers: E. D. Barthe, C; James Trebilcock, V. C; Samuel Harris, R.; Wil- liam Trembath, H.; William Bravin, T.; Wesley Dennis, C; D. K. Spy, Sol. Hirsch, E. Antrim, W. S. Fisher, James Oats. The present officers are: David Fox, C; James Smellie, V. C; E. D. Barthe, R.; T. P. Davenport, H.; William Ratchinson, T. The conclave has twenty-three members, and meets in Forester's Hall on the second and fourth Wednesday nights of each month. E. D. Barthe is G. R. of G. C. CRYSTAL CASTLE, NO. 79, ANCIENT ORDER, KNIGHTS OF THE MYSTIC CHARM was organized September 6th, 1875, with 27 charter members. The first officers were: Jon May, Chaplain; J. W. Lillhamer, C; Alexander Ferguson, V. C; Wil- liam Trembath, first Lieut.; James Finn, R. S.; E. M. Branch, Asst. R. S.; Benjamin Jacka, F. S.; John H^ Rickard, Treas. William B. Lewis has also held the office of commander. The present officers (December, 1879,) are: Chaplain, George Stocking; Com., Daniel Reese; Vice-Corn., William Hopper; first Lieut., James H. Kemp; R. S., Daniel Lewis; Asst. R. S., John Sprague; Treas., Enoch Jones. Crystal Castle meets on each Monday evening in Richards Hall, Main street. ST. Patrick's benevolent society, no. 162, irish CATHOLIC benevolent UNION. This society was organized May 20th, 1876, with James V. Perse, Hugh F. Rutledge, John Russell and Thomas Smith charter members. The first officers were: Charles Smith, president; Hugh F. Rutledge, vice-president; James V. Perse, secretary; Daniel Dooley, treasurer. Charles Smith has been the only president. The other officers at present are: John Russell, vice-president; James V. Perse, secretary; Daniel Dooley, treasurer. The object of the society is to visit the sick and to bury the dead. It meets on the fourth Sunday of each month, in the basement of St. Vincent's Catholic church. The membership is 54. PLYMOUTH ST. VINCENT T. A. B. SOCIETY. This society was organized October 12th, 1878, with 5 members. The first officers were; John F. O'Hora, pres- ident; John McGorey, V. P.; John Sweeney, R. S.; P. J. Smith, C. S.; and Christopher Savage, treasurer. The present officers are: A. J. Lynch, president; Thomas O'Hora, V. P.; William McAvery, C. S.; David Grimes, R. S.; and James Doyl, treasurer. There is a cadet corps, consisting of about 200 boys, from seven to fifteen years of age, connected with this society. John T. O'Hora is president;James Gill,V. P.; John McNamor, secretary. GAYLORD POST G. A. R. This post, named after Asher Gaylord of Plymouth, who was killed at Hatcher's Run, was mustered in Octo- ber i8th, 1S78, with 19 charter members. The first officers were: E. D. Barthe, P. C; James LewLs, Sr. V. C; H. M. Gordon, jr., V. C; S. L. French, Adj.; Joseph Shiner, surgeon; J. Y. Wren, Q. M. Present officers are: D. W. Morris, P. C; H. W. Carter, Adj.; J. Y. Wren, Q. M. There are now twenty-six members. The post meets on the first and third Tuesdays of each month in Spy's Hall. PLYMOUTH LODGE, NO. 1,785, K. OF H. was instituted September 24th, 1879, by D. G. D. Fields, of Pittsburg, with 24 charter members. The officers are: William Davis, D.; C. H. Wilson, P. D.; E. J. Achenbach, V. D.; S. U. Shaffer, R.; C S. Nesbitt, F. R.; F. E. Spry, Ch. The lodge meets on the first Wednesday night of each month at Richards Hall. :qf* PIONEERS IN ROSS— UNION SOLDIERS— PRESENT INSTITUTIONS. ■ '=4. ^ ROSS TOWNSHIP. HIS township was formed in January, 1842, from Union and Lehman, and named in honor of General William S. Ross, then one of the judges of the county. The township has an area of about forty-six square miles, and a population of 1,053, against 990 in 1870. Justices of the peace for this township have been elected as follows: John A. Hess, 1843; Philip Callender, 1855; George A. Crocket, 1845,-1850; John Blanchard, 1850, 1855, i860; Sylvester White, i860; A. W.Wilkinson, 1865; James Crockett, 1865,1870,1875; H. C. Harvey, 1870; Ira Rood, 2nd, 1875. As early as 1795 Abram Kitchen, from Connecticut, located on the farm now occupied by James Crockett, on " Broadway;" made considerable improvements, in 1795 setting out an orchard, some of the trees of which are still standing. In 1808 Francis Irvin, from Connecticut, located in the south part of the township. He had the first horse team in Ross. Paul Wolf located in the south part of Ross in 1806. Timothy, Aaron and Jacob Meeker settled west of Grassy pond about 1796, and in 1800 sold to G. M. Pringle and Hiram Berth. Daniel Devore, who came to this township in 1793, is still living, aged one hundred and four years. Farming was his occupation while in active business. The pioneer store was kept by Alvin Wilkinson in 1835, at Bloomingdale, and Josiah Ruggles was the pioneer merchant and first postmaster at Sweet Valley. The first school-house was built in 1820. Joseph Moss and Anna Turner were the pioneer teachers, Mr. Moss teaching the first winter and Miss Turner the first summer school. Years ago Mr. George A. Crockett, while plowing his garden, struck a large flat stone covering a walled-up grave, containing bones supposed to be those of an Indian. Another grave was found a few years ago, near North pond, in which were the bones of an Indian whom Mr. L. T. Myers told Nathaniel Goss that he killed. While out hunting he was chased by Indians into a swamp near North pond, shot and wounded one of them, but was captured and compelled to assist in carrying the wounded Indian to about the spot where this grave was found. One of the Indians was left in charge of Myers and the wounded man. The second night the wounded Indian died, and Myers escaped and returned to his family. In former accounts of Indian tragedies it is reported that Philip Goss was killed near Wapwallopen by the Indians. In conversation with the Goss family, now liv- ing in Fairmount, it was learned that it was David Goss instead of Philip who was so killed, and they authorize this correction. Citizen Soldiers. Archibald Berth was a patriot soldier in the Revolu- tionary war, after escaping from the British service. He settled in Ross in 1800, died in 1820, and was buried in the Arnold burying ground in Union township. John Wandel, who located in the south part of this township about 1800, was also a soldier of the Rev- olution, and was present at the surrender of Bur- goyne. He has descendants still living in this township. Benjamin Franklin Wesley was a volunteer soldier and sailor of the war of 1812. He was taken prisoner at Queenstown. He died in Ross in 1830, leaving a number of descendants in this township. Ebenezer Wilkinson, late of Ross township, was one of the volunteers of the war of 1812. Some of his classmates still reside here. As near as can be ascertained the following list com- prises the soldiers representing the town of Ross in the war of the Rebellion: Colonel K. P. Crockett, Captain James Davenport; George W. Holmes, killed; Wilson Long, Luther Dodson, I. U. Dodson, Abiel Siitliff, Andrew Sutliffi, A. W. Siitlilt ; William Thompson, died in service ; A. S. Rood, James Henry, I. M. Calver, I. P. Long, C. Rood, Almon Rood, James Rood, Henry Sutliff, D. W. Seward, J. R. Seward, S. H. Sutlift, J. Blanch- ard, Elijah Moon, I. B. Stevens, Wilbur Stearns, H. H. Holmes, J. M. Holmes, Isaac Naphus, Sidney Naphus, Thomas Shaw, John Shaw, Cyrus Rummage, Lewis Rummage, Jordan Wolf, Edward Mott, Lafa.vette Hann, William Edwards, Thomas Long, Nathaniel Wolf; W. I". White, killed ; Lorenzo Ruggles, William Nagle, Wesley Hontz, Josiah Hontz ; Henry White, died in service ; Alonzo P. White, wounded ; Aaron Phil- lips, Richard Morris; Charles Wesley, killed ; Weston D. Millard, killed ; John Rood, Silas Nevil ; James Nevil, lost an arm ; Jacob Nevil, killed ; Webster Long, killed ; Samuel P. Wandel, Samuel Montgomery ; C. Moore, wounded in eye ; Warren Mott, killed ; George Moore, killed ; Henry Kil Chen, P. D. Edwards, Clark Edward, David Ross, Miles Ross, William Lewis, Abram Agnew, J. W. Davenport, William Wesley, Ben- jamin Wesley, Edward Wilkinson, Joseph Totten, James Congleton, Jonah Post, Post, Post. Zephaniah Long; Morris Hatten, wound- ed ; Jerome Hatten ; Aaron Freeman, wounded ; John Freeman. Institutions of To-Day. At Bloomville there are a store, a post-office, a school- house, an M. E. church, a saw-mill, a blacksmith shop and about 75 inhabitants. At Sweet Valley there are a store and a post-office, a " Christian " church, a black- smith shop, a saw-mill, a school-house and about 75 in- habitants. At what is known as Broadway there are a church (" Christian"), a school-house, a shoe shop and a few dwellings. There are in the township seven school-houses, in each of which school is kept six months in each year. Farm- ing is carried on to some extent in the south part of the township, and the most extensive farm is that of G. A. Crocker & Sons, who have over three hundred acres, on which are large apple and pear orchards, and a large vineyard. Religious Interests. Methodism in Ross township dates back to 1796, when the itinerant who traveled the old Berwick circuit preached in a log school-house near where the Methodist Episcopal church now stands, at Bloomingdale. In 1800 a class of seven persons was formed here, with E. Wads- worth as leader, and taken into the Wyoming circuit by Rev. Ephraim Chambers, who was then traveling the cir- cuit with Rev. William Brandon. For several years there was occasional preaching by ministers of other denomi- nations. From 1820 Jonathan Nicholson was in Ross 3'M HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. about six years, preaching on Sundays wherever he could find hearers. In 1846 the Methodist Episcopal church at Blooming- dale was built. It is of wood, of modern architecture, and seats about 300. The Muhlenburg circuit of the Methodist Episcopal church was a part of the Bloomingdale circuit until the spring of 1869, when it was set off. At the time of its organization the only church on the circuit was that at Bloomingdale. This was a good substantial frame build- ing. Rev. E. H. Yocum was the first pastor, one year from March, 1869. The circuit then embraced Bloom- ingdale church, and the Muhlenburg, Cragle Hill, Van Horn and Rock school-houses. The local preachers then were Revs. Robert Aylesworth and John Holmes. After Mr. Yocum Rev. H. B. Fortner preached two years, followed by W. M, Reilly and Rev. W. W. Reese- During the latter's pastorate, the "Oakville" church was built, at Red Rock. In 1874 and 1875 the pastor was Rev. William Moses. In 1874 a parsonage was bought half a mile northeast of Muhlenburg Corners, in Union township on the Hunlock road. After Mr. Moses, Rev. N. B. Smith preached two years. Rev. Owen Hicks, the present pastor, was appointed in March, 1878. When this circuit was organized it embraced only four preaching places, while there are now eight, with seven classes. The preaching places are the Bloomingdale and Oakville churches, and the Marsh, Muhlenburg, Van Horn, Croop, Cragle Hill and Sorber school-houses. The local preachers are Rev. Robert Aylesworth and Rev. E. B. Dodson; exhorter, T. F. Wolfe. The mem- bership is 200. The church property is valued at $3,000. There are seven Sunday-schools, numbering about 400 officers, teachers and scholars. Rev. Owen Hicks, pastor as above mentioned, was born in Macham, Monmouthshire, England, in May, 1842; came to this country with his parents in 1847, and settled in the central part of Pennsylvania. He served in the Union army three years. He joined the M. E. Church when J3 years old; was licensed as an exhorter at 16; entered the traveling ministry in 1866, and preached in the South nine years. After being repeatedly mobbed by the ex-rebels, and losing his health, he was transferred to Pennsylvania in the spring of 1876. Two "Christian'' churches were built in 1870. There are Sunday-schools held in all the churches in the town- ship, besides four or five in the school-houses. SALEM TOWNSHIP. HIS is one of the original townships, and re- tained its name as one of the eleven town- ships into which old Luzerne county was divided in 1790. The name adopted was that of a town in Windham county. Conn., from which the early settlers came. The area re- mains the same (about twenty-nine square miles) as in 1793, after Huntington was taken off. The popula- tion was 1,525 in 1870 and 1,448 in 1880. We have been permitted to extract the following facts from the original records of the township. At a meeting of the Susquehanna proprietors, held April ist, 1793, at Windham, Connecticut, Capt. Aaron Cleveland modera- tor, "Nathaniel Wales ye 3d" and Ebenezer Gray, jr., were appointed a committee " to repair to Susquehanna river and make a pitch for a township and survey and lay out the same, Mr. Wales to receive six shillings per day from the time he sets out." Thomas Gray was chosen "'clerk of this town and treasurer"; and the name Salem was adopted. " At a meeting of the proprietors of the town of Salem on Susquehanna river, legally warned and held at Wind- ham, July 7th, 1793," "the report of the doing of Messrs. Nathaniel Wales 3d and Ebenezer Gray, jr., who were appointed a committee to lay out said town of Salem, and who have laid out the same," was accepted. It was "voted that the 7th lot in the first division now laid out belong to Mr. Nathan Beach * * * because he now lives on the same; and said Beach is to have an equal share with other proprietors in the remainder of the land that is undivided in said town of Salem; pro- vided the said Beach pay his equal proportion of the cost of laying out said town and other necessary charges." Lots 51, 52 and 53 " that are laid out in the first divi- sion '' were declared " the three rights that was voted by the Susquehanna company to be laid out in each town for the public use." A meeting of the proprietors of Salem was held in Windham November 7th, 1774, at which the following action was taken: •' Viited, That Messrs. Ebenezer Lathrop, jr., and Asa Edgerton be a committee to repair to and lay out the town of Salem in lots in the fol- lowing manner : viz. to lay out in the best manner on the most fertile lands one hundred and six one hundred .lore lots; viz. two one hundred acre lots to each proprietor and to each public right, and the remain- ing land to divide equally to every proprietor and public right; and then to make each division ecpial by numbering the lot, that is by putting the good and bad to the same number, so as to do justice to each proprietor in the division of said township ; and that Thomas Gray be collector." " Vnted, That for the future Samuel Gray, Jacob Lyman, Esqs., and Prince Tracy be a committee to warn meetings of this proprietary and to take care of the prudential matters of this township." February 8th, 1775, it was voted "to accept of the doings of Messrs. Ebenezer Lathrop, jr., and Asa Edger- ton, surveying and laying out 53 loo-acre lots in this town according to the plan that they have made thereof, with a reserve for a needful highway through the lots from No. 33 to No. 41 inclusive, and also with a reserve for a needful highway through the lots from No. 42 to No. 48 inclusive." At a meeting of the proprietors at Windham, October i3fh, 1787, Joseph S. Kiff moderator, Colonel Ebenezer Gray was appointed their agent and " invested with full power and authority to appear before any court, judges or commissioners, or any other persons who are or shall be authorized to quiet the settlement and establish the title to said township, and there to prose- cute the same to effect and final issue with power of *#- =*=A* ^^ <^ THE PIONEERS OF SALEM. 365 substitution." One dollar was levied on each right to defray the expense of the agency. The introduction of ballots in town meetings occurred at the one held "at the house of James Campbell" March 2nd, 1816, when Alexander Jamison was so elected town clerk. As a committee " to' settle the busi- ness of the township for this year," Sebastian Sibert, James Santee and Joseph Jamjson were elected. They were authorized to divide the township into school disfricts, which was done July sth, 1817, and at the meet- ing of the proprietors held at the house of Henry Hepler March 28tli, 1818, the division was confirmed. The numbers of children in each district were as follows: First district, 64; second, 82; third, 72; fourth, 75; fifth 46; total, 344. The sixth district was not formed till June 5th, 1839. The present school directors of Salem are Paul Grover, George Thomas, Samuel Pollock, jr., F. E. Brockway, Thomas E. Moore (president) and Stephen Hill (secretary). Nathan Beach was the pioneer settler, locating on the farm now owned by Jona Gould. He was long one of the most distinguished men of Luzerne county. He was for many years a justice of the peace, and for a long time postmaster at Beach Grove, being the first postmaster of this township. He also represented Luzerne county in the Legislature. He was a Revolutionary soldier. He was always in the front rank of every enterprise, inclu- ding building turnpikes and mills. He took an active part in the construction of the Wyoming Valley Canal, and was one of the party that broke ground for that enterprise. Elisha Cortright, a native of New Jersey, located in Beach Haven about 1787, and opened a tavern, the first in this township. Michael Seeley located at Beach Haven the same year. Samuel and John Seeley came soon after the others, locating near Belbend. They raised and marketed the first wheat sold from Salem township. Elisha Cortright had the first spring wagon. It was then looked upon as a great luxury. David Thompson, who now resides at the celebrated lona farm, witnessed the burning of the first coal fire where anthracite coal was successfully used, at the tav- ern of Judge Jesse Fell, in Wilkes-Barre, in 1808. James Lockhart was an early settler in Beach Haven, and one of the prominent men of this township from 1795 to 1830. Doctor Mason Crary, a native of Stonington, Conn,, located about 1795. He married a daughter of Nathan Beach, and was the first resident physician. Joseph Walton, from Bucks county. Pa., located in 1803 at Beach Grove, where he carried on blacksmithing and farming, buying his land for $2.50 per acre. The early settlers along the river had regular shad fishing grounds, from which their less fortunate neighbors were excluded, except on payment of a fee. Mr. Walton bought up several of those grounds, paying $1,000 for the fishing grounds of Gould's island, in the river above Hick's Ferry. The sales of shad averaged for several years nearly $50 per day during the fishing season. There are now but few if any shad at these once famous fishing grounds. John A. Harmon was born in Salem township, October 19th, 1795, near Stephen Hill's present farm, north of Beach Haven. From youth he lived on a farm northwest from where he was born until his death, in 1878. The Copes, Seyberts, Pollocks, Kecks, Rosses and Braders were among the early settlers in the west part of the township; and the Hesses, Starks, Hills, Thomases and MifHins settled in the east part of the township. The following are the names of the taxable inhabitants of Salem in 1796: Nathan Dlaok, William Bryan, John Cortright, Elisha Cortrighi:, Abraham Cortright, Joseph Curry, Christopher Klinetob, Robert Dunn, Elisha Decker, Thomas Dodson, James Dodson, John Dodson, William Cray, Andrew Gregff, Samuel Hicks, Christopher Hans, Joseph Hans, Mariin Hart, Moses Johnson, Alexander Jamison, Joseph Jamison, Jon- athan Lee, William Love, James Lockhart. Jonathan Lewis, David Mo- Lain, Andrew Mowrey, Amos Park, John Rhodes, George Smuthers, Henry Smuthers, James Santee, Valentine Santee, Jacob Smuthers, Reuben Skinner, Oliver Smith, Reuben Smith, Sebastian Sibert, Jacob Smuthers, jr., Richard Smith, Jacob Shones, Levi Thomas, Richard Thomas, John Varner and Anthony Weaver. Sebastian Sibert, now spelled Seybert, settled about 1780 near the mouth of Seybert or Varner's creek, about a mile west of Beach Haven. Here he built a grist-mill, saw-mill, clothiery and distillery. The grist-mill was of logs, had but one run of stones, and could grind only from four to six bushels of grain a day. The saw-mill was of the old " flutter wheel " style, and would cut about 1,000 feet of lumber in twenty-four hours. The clothiery was of the most primitive kind, and the distil- lery was the best that could be built at that day. They have all gone to decay, except the grist-mill, which is now owned by Edward Lutz. From 1825 Uriah Seybert had a grist-mill and a saw- mill farther up the stream for a few years. The grist-mill at Beach Haven was built in 1847 or 1848 by A. T. Mc- Clintock. The original water power proved insufficient, and subsequently steam was applied. The capacity of the mill is 100 barrels of flour per day. The saw-mills at the head waters of Mill creek were built since 1840. The upper mill is owned by S. Pollock, and the one far- ther down the stream by Daniel Hill. There are also two saw-mills at the head waters of Seybert creek. The tannery at Beach Haven was built by Albert Hinsey in or about 1847. It is now owned by Andrew Seeley and has been abandoned as a tannery. Justices of the Peace. The following is a list of justices of the peace elected in this township since the adoption of the State constitu- tion of 1838, together with the years of election: Andrew Cortright, 1845; John Kisner, 1840, 1845; William Hicks, 1841; Isaac Courtright, 1846; Jacob Seeley, 1850; Isaac Courtright, 2nd, 185 1; Daniel G. Driesbach, 1855; John R. Anderson, 1856; James Bel- ford, 1859, 1864, 1869; Samuel H. Hicks, i860; Daniel Brader, 1863, 1868; F. E. Brockway, 1873, 1878; J. W. Meixell, 1874, 1879. <^ AR ^- 366 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Church Histories. Beach Haven M. E. Church. — Long before there was a church, or even a Methodist class here, the church-going people would meet at the old stone church about a mile and a half northwest from Beach Haven, and listen to either a Lutheran or Reformed preacher, or occasionally a Methodist itinerant. Two men, named Tobias and Loder, after hearing the quaint old " circuit rider,'' met at the house of Mrs. Catherine McGraw, at Beach Haven, and arranged for Methodist preaching at the school-house- This resulted in the building of a union church on the west side of Mill creek, between the highway and where the railroad now runs. The building lot was donated by Josiah T. Beach. In 1848 a Methodist Episcopal society was formed, which continued to worship in the union church till early in 1870. In 1869 the society built the present brick church on East Main street, forty by sixty feet, at a cost of $2,700. It was dedicated in February, 1870. The first preacher was Adam Brittain. Beach Haven was attached to the Baltimore Conference; then to East Baltimore and finally to the Central Pennsylvania Con ference. The successive ministers on this charge have been as follows: 1868, 1869, P. F. Eyre; 1870-72, Adam Brittain; 1S73, 1874, John Stiner; 1875-77, H. B. Fortner; 1878, Adam Brittain; 1879, R- L. Armstrong. The following appointments are connected with the Beach Haven church: Beach Grove school-house, Walton school-house, Dodson or Shickshinny valley school-house, Kenzie school-house and the Sloyer church. The Beach Haven circuit was organized in 1875. The present trustees are Daniel Brader, J. F. Hicks, William Edwards, Nathan Robert and William Keiner. The value of the church property is $2,500. The union church above referred to was accidentally burned in 1877. The Evangelical Society of Beach Haven is of recent organization, and is under the pastoral care of the Rev. Mr. Ettinger of Berwick. Its public services are held in the brick school-house. The old "Stone Chii7-ch," about a mile and a half north- west from Beach Haven, is occupied alternately by the Lutheran and Reformed congregations. Rev. Mr. Steck is pastor of the Lutheran congregation, and Rev. Mr. Derr of the Reformed. Rev. Mr. Dixon, Presbyterian, preaches here occasionally. The church lot was donated by Christian Bielhemer. Beach Haven. This village was named in honor of Nathan Beach, who owned the land. Mr. Beach was a native of Con- necticut, and became one of the proprietors of this town- ship under the Connecticut title, locating here in the early part of 1773. One of the first settlers in Beach Haven was John Kulp. He is understood to have lived on the site of the old log house, with stone chimney, now standing in the lot opposite J F. Hicks's store on Main street. Mr. Beach had a town plot surveyed soon after the public highway or " river road " was laid out. Beach Haven grew slowly until the completion of the Wyoming valley canal. Then came an increase of business, as this point soon became the boat yard for the entire length of the canal, giving employment to hundreds of men. With the advent of the railroad the business on the canal began to increase, and boat building declined, until at present but an occasional boat is built here, and comparatively few are repaired. The large flouring mill built here in 1847 or 1848, manufacturing and shipping one hundred barrels of flour per day, has dwindled down to an ordinary custom mill. The lumber trade has ceased, the available supply of timber being exhausted. Of half a dozen stores once doing a large and profitable business now only those of J. P'. Hicks, A. W. HoUoway and Wesley Robert do a general business. Boat repairing is done by Daniel Brader at the old boat yard. There are two hotels, the Beach Haven House, kept by G.W. Fisher, and the Union Hotel, by *" I. Hess. There is one church (Methodist Epifcopal), one two-story brick school building, and a railroad depot. W. G. Dreisbach is the station agent, telegraph operator and postmaster. J. W. Meixell is collector of tolls on the canal. He has passed through the lock at this place as many as 4,500 boats in one season. There is also a weigh lock here. Ferries. Salem Ferry Company was organized in May, 1878. A one-and-a-quarter-inch wire rope, 1,950 feet in length, is used, which cost $1,100. The officers and directors of the company are: President, George W. Fisher; secretary, Daniel Brader; treasurer, John Mifflen; directors, Daniel Brader, George W. Fisher, William G. Morris, Andrew Seeley, Samuel Mifflen, F. E. Brockway and J. M. McCale. The rope ferry at Hicks Ferry was built as early as 1825 ; it was a private enterprise and for many years afford- ed the only means of crossing between Nanticoke and Berwick. It was put in operation by William Hicks, one of the early settlers, who owned the land in the bend of the river at this point. The property is now owned by the powder company whose mills are in Hollenback township, about one mile from the ferry, on the Big Wapwallopen creek. SLOCUM TOWNSHIP. ^ HE township of Slocum was separated from Newport in 1854. It has a farming popula- tion numbering 377, again of 60 since 1870. The township is divided into five school dis- tricts. In 1878 there were five months' school, and 125 pupils in attendance. The whole amount of money expended in that year for educational purposes was $[,116.59. The average wages paid to teachers was $30 per month. ■^3= =*A» =.^^ EARLY TIMES IN SLOCUM AND SUCxARLOAF TOWNSHIPS. 367 Pioneer Times. John Lutsey settled in the township about 1785, near where William Lutsey now lives. His sons William, Henry and Joseph, came with him. William Lutsey, grandson of John Lutsey, is now living in the township, at thj advanced age of seventy-nine years. The Lutseys were soon followed by others, and in 1799 '^'"'^ following persons were rated as taxables in the township, then New- port, viz.: John Alder, John Lutsey, James Millage, Jacob Mullen, James Mullen, James Mullen, jr., Henry Fritz and Jeremiah Vandermark. Soon after the year 1800, Ira Winters, John Ogin, Jacob Weiss, Jacob Paine, Richard Paine, Jacob Finks, John Rosencrans, one Fred- ericks and one Delemater moved into the township. The early settlers were compelled to go to Newport and Wapwallopen to do their trading and milling, going one day and returning the next. In many cases the men were compelled to carry the grain on their backs. A saw-mill was built by John Rosencrans about 1836. Since that time there have been several small water- mills, and one steam mill, owned by Aaron Boyd. There are no mills in operation in the township at the present time. Silas Alexander opened a small store, where Mr. Stackhouse now lives, about 1848. This was the first store in Slocum. Mr. Alexander was followed in a few years by B. Lear, Esq., who moved into the town from Bucks county. He was followed by P. J. Myers, Esq., who is the present postmaster and keeps the only store. At an early day a post-office, called Lutsey, was estab- lished, with John Rosencrans as postmaster. The name of the office was afterwards changed to Slocum. Mails were formerly brought from Nescopeck once a week. They are now brought from there twice a week. A building was erected just below the residence of P. J. Myers, Esq., in 1838, to be used as a meeting and school house. Mr. Myers gave the lot. John Rosencrans was the first teacher, and many of the older people speak of that as the first school they ever attended? The first frame house was built by William Lutsey, about 1837. Hiram Rosencrans was the first blacksmith. B. Lear is the only one in the township now. The land for the cemetery was left to the town by John Ogin in his will. His wife was the first person buried in Slocum township. She died about 1836, and was buried on a knoll west of the cemetery; but Mr. Ogin, not liking the location, had her body removed to the present site, where he was himself buried in 1844, being the sec- ond person to be buried in the cemetery. Evangelical Church. Previous to the organization of this society all religious meetings were held in school-houses. For many years the Evangelists and German Reformed had sent their ministers to preach to the people of Slocum. January 19th, 1869, the society organized with the following mem- bers:' B. Lear, Samuel Stair, Eliza Stair, John Myers_ Lydia Myers, Mary A. Ogin, Lydia Myers, jr., Priscilla Hoch, E. A. Boyd, R. J. Myens, Mary A. Myers, LaFay- ette Stair, Rebecca Stout, Margaret Myers, P. J. Myers, Mary J. Lear, Patience Lear, Ellen Broivn, Rosanna Paine, Henry Defrain, Catherine Defrain, Zura Simms, Catherine Simms, J. Simms, Anna Boyd and B. F. Wilson. The first minister in charge was Rev. T. M. Morris, who was followed in 1870 by Rev. D. Kepner. Mr. Kepner preached two years, Rev. P. S. Orwig two years. Rev. W. H. Rhoads two years. Rev. Mr. Barson three years and Rev. A. Kreamer one year. The present min- ister is Rev. J. M. Price. In i860 a wooden church building was erected on the corner opposite the house of W. Brown, by the united efforts of the people of Slocum, without regard to sect. The church was built by W. H. Brader, and cost $500. It is used by all denominations who may have occasion to hold services. The following persons were commissioned as justices in the years given, viz.: Benjamin Lear, 1856, i86r, 1866, 1872, 1877; Philip J. Myers, 1857, 1868; Aaron Boyd, 1863. The following have served as supervisors: Philip Hoch, seven years; Benjamin Vandermark, one year; William Lutsey, three years; Thomas Lutsey, three years; George W. Keyser two years; Jacob Lutsey, one year; Aaron Boyd, one year; Jacob Kester, four years; Jesse Rosen- crans, one year; Philip Meyers, two years; Isaiah Jones, one year; George Myers, one year; Abraham Jones, five years; Thomas Fink, two years; Zura Simms, one year; Frederick Seigle, two years; William Brown, two years; Samuel Stair, one year; Nathan Hontz, one year; Wil- liam Arnold, two years; W. S. Moore, one year, and John Sponenberger, one year. C. B. Jones was town clerk one year; Charles Weiss one year, James M. Moore two years, James Jackson five years. The present justice is B. Lear; clerk, Enos Hontz; supervisors, William Arnold and John Sponenberger. SUGARLOAF TOWNSHIP. , HIS township derives its name from Sugarloaf mountain. It was formed from Nescopeck in April, 1809, and formerly embraced the townships of Butler and Hazle, which were taken off in August, 1839, and Black Creek, which was taken off August 8th, 1848. The population in 1870 was 1,240, and in 1880 1,390. Settlement began between 1775 and 1780, although grants of land had been given as early as 1769. The earliest grant or patent was from Thomas and John Penn to John Foreman. The application for the same is num- bered 3,701, and was entered August 3d, 1769. This grant was 311^ acres, and the consideration was ;^i5 irs. 9d. The tract was called in the conveyance "New- berg," and was west from Seybertsville. Most of it is now Ji\iT, PA. H0N.G.W.DRUM,CONYNGHAM,UUZERNe C O., P A. PHILIP V. WEAVER, HAZLETON. LUZERNE COUNTY, PA. STEPHEN D.ENGLE, MAZLETON. LUZERNE COUNTY, PA. =^H VOTERS OF SUGARLOAF TOWNSHIP— CHURCH HISTORIES. 369 Abraham Bulliet, Georg:e Earo, John Smith, Jeremiah Heller, Peter Minig, William Heller, Ludwiek Heller, Jacob Keifer, Andrew Miller, John Keiter, Charles Rittenhouse, Salmon Staahr, Amos Foster, John Clear, Abraham Maurer, John Wintersteen, George Becsline, Jacob Earo, Jacob Drum, Andrew Maurer, Abraham Drum, William Winter- steen, Ira Heemans, Alexander Klinger, Peter Soheitz, Christian Henry, John Miller, Philip Drum, Daniel Wenner, Jacob Minig, Philip Weaver, J^cob Oxrider, Daniel Weaber, Philip Seine, Henry Maurer, Jacob Geiting, Frederick Neisley, Thomas W. Troy, John Beesleine, James Smith, Jacob Kocher, Benjamin Kingr, John Andreas, James McCarty, Stephen BalUet, John Bright, George Schadle and Jacob Schaver. Items of Civil History. In 1810 there were sixty-seven taxable inhabitants, and the total tax levied was $110.05. The township then in- cluded Black Creek, Sugarloaf, Butler, Hazle, and a part of Foster. The amount of taxes for Sugarloaf for 1879 was $6,000. The following is a copy of the poll list kept at a gene- ral election held in the school-house at Conyngham, October 13th, 1818, when the township included Sugar- loaf, Black Creek, Butler and Hazle. Valentine Seiwell, Henry Gidding, John Wolf, John Gidding, Jacob Drumheller, jr., Conrad Harman, Casper Horn, Henry Winter, Jeremiah Heller, Jacob Keifer, Philip Woodring, James Lormison, Archibald Murray, Jacob Drum, Richard Allen, Andrew Decker, George Drum, jr., Joseph McMertrie,GeorgeDrum, Sr., Abraham Smith,Danlel Shelhamer, Samuel Harman, Phineas Smith, James Smith, Andrew Wolf, John Merrick, Michael Funton, Henry Tost, Michael Boesline, Jacob Spaid, Henry Boesline, Jacob Boesline, Daniel Maurer, jr., George Penig, Sr., Christian Weaver, George Clinger, Anthony Weaver, Andrew Oxrider, Philip Tost, Michael Marklcy, Peter Stoehr, Michael Frous, Samuel Tost, George Wener, Valentine Line, John Cool, Philip Drum, George Thresher, Michael Shrieder, Archibald Murray, Jacob Foose, Peter aaiss, Jacob Thresher, Conrad Bellasfelt, Abraham Miller, Philip Root, George Hoofman, George D. Strain, Solomon Stroam, Jacob Taflecker, Abraham Steiner, John Adam Winters, David Seiokard, Jacob Drumhel- ler, Sr., Christian Wenner and John McMertrie. Total sixty-six. In 1835 there were 158 voters in the same territory. In 1879 there were 3,425, and in the present township of Sugarloaf 242. The justices of the township, with the years of their election, have been as follows: Jackson S. Harrison, 1840; Jacob Drumheller, 1840, 1845, 1850; Jesse Hart, 1843; John Andreas, 1851; George H. Gardner, 1855; William Engle, 1855; Robert F. Brown, 1869; Daniel Brown, 1860; George W. Drum, 1860, 1865, 1870, 1875; Oliver P. Kester, 1886, 1871; William S. Miller, 1876; N.D.Smith, 1879. CHURCHES. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. John Rhodes was the first to plant the banner of Methodi.sm in the Sugarloaf valley. He wended his way over mountains, down ravines, through stream and forest, until he reached what is now Conyngham. His preaching drew the settlers from far and near. Four acres of land were deeded by Redmond Conyngham to Archibald Murray, George Drum, jr., Jacob Drumheller, Philip Woodring and Peter Scheide, as trustees; and a long church building was put up, just south of the English burying ground, on the site of the school-house in the north part of Conyngham. One half of it was to be used by all the religious denominations for preaching, and the other half as a school-house. There were large doors in the middle of the building, hinged at the top, so as to be swung up and fastened to the ceiling, in order to make double room for extra occasions. Here was formed the first Methodist class in this town- ship. Mr. Rhodes was the preacher, Charles Bowman the first leader of the class, and a Mr. Witherstine assist- ant leader. David Richards and wife, James Smith and wife, Sarah McMurtie, Mary McMurtie, Phebe Troy Catharine Troy, Mary Cowley and John Cowley were among the first members of the class. In i866 the society built their present church, in the north part of the village of Conyngham, at a cost of $2,500. The church lot was donated by Dr. Cassel- berry, of Hazleton. The church is of wood, 40 by 50 feet, with seats for three hundred. The old union church was moved in 1854 or 1855 down the street, opposite the Phoenix Hotel, and it is now occupied by Henry Shepperly as a stove and tin shop. Mr. Rhodes was succeeded by Kevs. Messrs. Shepherd and Thomas, Oliver Ege, Charles Brown, John Lloyd, George Bergstresser, Thomas Bowman, G. H. Day, A. Britton, T. H. Switzer and John Nicholson. In 1852 Rev. Messrs. Barnhart and Elisha Butler were on this charge. This brings us down to the church records of i860, when we again find G. H. Day appointed; 1862, B. P. King; 1864, Josiah Forrest and J. C. Hagey; 1866, James F. Porter; 1867, Henry S. Mendenhall; i868, James B. Cuddy, C. L. Benscotten and Pemberton Bird; 1870, A. S. Bowman and N. W. Colburn; 1873, J. Farron Brown and J. B. Moore. In 1874 J. Horning came in place of Mr. Moore. G. B. Savage, T. H. Tubbs and William A. Carver were also on this district. In 1874 the old Jeansville circuit was divided, leaving the townships of Butler, Sugarloaf and Black Creek in one charge. In 1875 Rev. J. Stine was appointed here, and in 1877 G. M. Larned, the present pastor. The present value of the church property is $2,000. The first Sunday-school was organized by Asher Stout, soon after the old union church was built. The present superintendent is M. T. Boston, with W. F. Tressler as assistant. The total number of scholars is 116; of teachers, 16; average attendance of scholars, 75; volumes in the library, 492-. CHRIST CHURCH. This church is owned jointly by the Reformed and Lutheran congregations. These organizations were formed simultaneously about the year 1800, when all denomina- tions held their meetings in the old union church, and obtained of Redmond Conyngham a deed of the lot for Christ Church. The deed was given to Peter Stare, Philip Woodring, Stephen Balliett, Samuel Yost and Val- entine Sewell, trustees, and dated November i6th, 1820. In 1826 the two congregations built thereon a log church, the corner stone of which was laid May 15th, 1826, by Rev. John N. Zeizer of the Reformed church, and Revs. Peter Kessler and George Eister of the Lutheran. The elders were John A. Winter and Jacob Getting; deacons, Peter Klees, Peter Oxrider and John Seiwell; building committee, Henry Yost and Jacob Drumheller. The members of the church at the time were the following: Abraham Minig, Jacob Oxenrider, George Koenig, George Drum, jr.' Casper Horn, Charles Keck, John Bergy, Peter Brisel, Abraham Klotz, Peter Stahr, George Hoffman. Conrad Fisher, Henry Oxrider, John Tost, John Smith 2nd, Jacob Speth, Michael Kuns, jr., George Diter, Andrew <^ ♦«>■ 4* 37° HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. Maurer, Valentine Seiwell, Samuel Yost, George Stahr, Jacob Billheimer, Michael Koontz, sen., Christian Henry, Christian Shadle, John Charles, John Miller, George Shadle, Benjamin King, Jacob Mahs, jr., John Turn- bach, Jacob Klaehs and Abraham Miller, jr. In the old log church the congregations continued to worship alternately until 1872, when they built a framed church, a little south of the old one, at a cost of $7,000. The corner stone was laid June 2nd, 1872. The building committee consisted of Samuel Benner, Nathan Snyder, and John Gifting of the Reformed, and William Distil- horst and Samuel Wagner of the Lutheran church. The new church was dedicated October 6th, 1872. This edi- fice was burned January nth, 1873, after which the two congregations again worshiped in the old log church until a new church was built the following summer, at a cost of $6,000. The corner stone of this building was laid June 15th, 1873, and it was dedicated January i8th, 1874. The following ministers of the Reformed church have served this people: John N. Zeizer, Isaac Shellharaer, John A. Reubelt, John W. Lesher, Samuel Seibert, who resigned in 1855; John B. Porner, Henry Hoffman, who left in the spring of 1871, and the present pastor, John M. Clemens, who was installed in the autumn of 1871. The Lutheran preachers have been: Revs. George Eyster, John Benninger, Jeremiah Shindle, Rev. C. F. F. Sallmon, 1842-56; Rev. William Haskarl, 1857, 1858; Rev. R. S. Wagner, 1859-64. The Lutherans were without a pastor until the autumn of 1867, when Rev. S. S. Kline was installed. He remained till the autumn of 1873.- In the spring of 1874 Rev. Jacob H. Neiman, the present pastor, was installed. The present trustees of the church are: William Seiwell and Jacob J. Minnick, Reformed, and Samuel Wagner and Christian Else, Lutheran. The present membership of the Reformed church is 250 and that of the Lutheran 235. The church property is valued at $6,000. The union Sunday-school of these churches grew out of the school organized by Asher Stout in the old school- house soon after it was built. Samuel Benner is super- intendent; S. B. Drum, secretary; E. P. Snyder and W. Heller, librarians; Anna Benner and E. P. Snyder, man- agers. The total number of scholars is 113; average attendance, 75. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF CONYNGHAM. This church was organized by a committee of the Pres- bytery of Newton, December 19th, 1841, and composed of eighteen members received by letter from the Pres- byterian church of Beaver Meadow, Pa., viz.: Philip Winterstene, William T. Rhoads, Archibald Delaney, James Gilmore, Mary Winterstene, Amy Rhoads, Letitia McCarty, Jane Sterling, Martha Shelhammer, Mary Muncey, Keziah Brundage, Cornelia Godfrey, Martha Kan, Mary Sterling, Margaret Winterstene, Sarah Ann Miller, Jane Miller and Elijah Cramer. Philip Winterstene was installed as ruling elder. The first pastor, Rev. Daniel Gaston, served from 1841 to 1844. The first place of meeting was the Pine Grove school-house, Seybertsville. A branch society of about a dozen members was formed at the same time at Drum's. The first and only church building was built of brick on the hill north of Seybertsville. From 1841 to 1844 Daniel Gaston was pastor; Robert Steele, a licentiate, then served three months; Rev. Darwin Cook was stated supply from 1845 to 1847; Rev. John Johnson from 1848 to 1871, and Rev. C. Bridgman six months in 1873 and 1874. Since then Rev. Homer S. Newcomb has been pastor. The membership is 51; value of church property, $2,000. IMMANUEL EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH. This church was organized in 1858, in the old school- house at Conyngham. The original members were Thomas Houseknecht and his wife Nancy Houseknecht, Elijah McMurtrie and a Miss Root. The regular ser- vices were held once in two weeks, alternately by Revs. Messrs. Culler, E. A. Sharretts and George Bergstresser. In the spring of i860 Rev. R. H. Fleck became pastor. The place of preaching was now changed to the old Pine Grove school-house at Seybertsville. The following winter a number were converted there and united with this church. After Mr. Fleck Rev. Mr. Crebbs preached a short time, and next Rev. George Eicholtz. During his administration (in 1865) the society built its present church edifice in the village of Seybertsville, a ta cost of $1,300. Mr. Eicholtz was succeeded by Rev. J. B. Shoup. Seybertsville, Black Creek and Butler were then known as the " Conyngham charge." During his ad- ministration a large number were added to the church. Rev. George S. Battersby was then pastor until 187 1. From 1871 to 1874 the church was supplied by different ministers and theological students. Since June, 1874, Rev. J. Wager has been pastor. The membership is about 60. Conyngham. This town plot was surveyed as early as 1806. The land was owned formerly by John Maxwell Nesbitt, who received it by patent dated July 4th, 1787. September 26th, 1803, it was willed to David Hayfield Conyngham. September 27th, 1806, the land passed from John God- fried Watchmuth to Benjamin Rush, who deeded it May nth, 1809, to Redmond Conyngham, who was one of the most prominent men of his time in the township. He had the village site surveyed, and named Conyngham. July ist, 1809, Conjngham deeded to Jacob Drumheller lot No. 6, in the south part of this plot, now owned and occupied by Samuel Wagner. Lot No. 7, now occupied by Thomas Bowman, was deeded in i8o8 by Benjamin Rush to Philip Drum. The first tavern at Conyngham was built on the site of the Conynham Hotel in 1815. It was partly of logs and partly framed. Soon afterward Samuel Harmon built a tavern of hewn logs on the site of the Phoenix Hotel. He had a trout pond in the rear of where William Charles's store now stands. Mr. Harnnon was the first postmaster. William Drum kept the office in 1830, where C. H. Kneely now lives. «^B= ^4 CONYNGHAM VILLAGE— SEYBERTSVILLE— UNION'S PIONEERS. 371 A tannery on the site of Nathan Radler's larger estab- lishment was built in i8zo by a Mr. Lomison. The iron foundry was built in 1842 by M. Hutton, and is now owned by James Getting. Conyngham has two churches, Methodist Episcopal and Christ Church (^German Reformed and Lutheran); three physicians, a school-house, two hotels, two stores, two harness shops, two tin shops, two blacksmith shops, a tailor shop, two milliner shops, a planing mill recently built, and an iron foundry. The population is 400. During the spring of 1880 the Black Ridge Coal Com- pany was engaged in "proving coal" near Conyngham station, preparatory to putting up a breaker. The com- pany owns two 400-acre tracts. The westerly one con- tains Conyngham station. Coxa Bros. & Co. were lately building a wagon road from the Conyngham Station road to Gowen. They control all the land, except one tract at Tomhicken, for nearly 15 miles westward from the Conyngham station tract, and are sinking a slope just east of Tom- hicken. Conyngham Lodge, No. 308, Independent Order of Odd Fellows was instituted in 1848. The lot and building where Odd Fellows' Hall now stands, near Christ Church, were donated by Jacob Drumheller. The old building was enlarged, a lodge room arranged overhead; and the lower room fitted up for a store, the whole cost- ing about $1,000, which was put into stock and taken by the members of the lodge, who number about 60, The first lease of water privilege was given by Conrad and Sarah Harman, September ist, 18 14, for fifty years, " the inhabitants of Conyngham to have free ingress and egress to and from the spring." The spring thus leased is a little south of the present post-office. The property is now owned by G. H. Knelly. The next lease for water for the village was obtained by John Cool and George Drum from the Conyngham family, and ran for 30 years from August i6th, 1821, with a rental of one shilling a year. The spring covered by this lease is on the side of the mountain, southeast of the village. The first pipe, consisting of logs, was laid to supply the town with water. Each person or family using the water paid, or was to pay, twenty cents per month for it. This rate did not keep up needed repairs, and the shilling a year to Conyngham was never paid. Before the lease expired John N. Conyngham sold the land upon which the spring is located, to Mordecai Hut- ton. Hutton was sold out by the sheriff in 1853 and left the country, and the old company by their heirs have had control of the water. January 3d, 1880, the Conyngham Water Company was chartered, with a capital of $2,000, divided into 100 shares The directors are Samuel Benner, Frank M. Brundage, J. D. Getting, John F. Robbins, Thomas Bowman, George W. Drumheller, G. H. Knelly, William F Tressler and Hon. G. W. Drum. President, John F. Robbins; treasurer, F. M. Brundage; secretary, Samuel Benner. Iron pipes of sufficient size were laid in 1880 to supply the town of Conyngham with water. SeYBER-TSVILLE. This village was settled as early as 181 1 or 181 2. The first tavern here wss built by Benjamin Koenig in 1825, where Henry Dryfoos's house now stands, on the northeast corner of the crossing. It was rebuilt in 1835. ' The first school-house was built by subscription in 1836 or 1837, and stood where the prepent one stands, a little west from the corners. The first store was kept by Henry Seybert in 1833, on the southeast corner, where Mrs. Billhamer now lives. Henry Seybert was the first postmaster. Samuel Balliett is the present one. and the office is kept in W. Santee's store, on' the southeast corner. The present grist-mill was built in 1861, by Jacob Bill- hamer, and it is now owned by Henry Bird. ~The place has a hotel, one physician, two churches (Presbyterian and Evangelical Lutheran), a harness shop, a store, two blacksmith shops, a wagon shop, a school- house, a grist-mill and 150 inhabitants. UNION TOWNSHIP. 'NION township was formed of part of Hunt- ington at the quarter sessions of the court of Luzerne county in July, 1813. It extends along the Susquehanna river about three miles, and back from the river northwest five or SIX miles. The population was 1,687 'r> 187O1 and 920 in 1880. The earliest settlement is believed to have been made about 1790, by Peter Gregory and George Fink, who had married each other's sisters, and had formerly lived in the valley of the Delaware. They settled on a large tract, embracing a beautiful and fertile valley, on the northwest side of the river mountain. The east branch of the Shickshinny creek furnished power for mills and other machinery, which was soon used. The first mills were built on their claim, which is yet nearly all in pos- session of their descendants. Soon afterward Stephen Arnold and Moses Derby, brothers-in-law, located where Muhlenburg now is. They were Yankees from Connec- ticut, and soon cleared farms. Deer and other animal i were often shot in their small clearings. In 1793 both settlements made hospitable resting places for the emi- grants to Huntington valley, where they were cared for without being asked for any recompense. During that year, and several succeeding years, a large immigration to Huntington valley was continued by people from Connec- ticut. The moving was generally accomplished in the winter, on sleds drawn by oxen, with occasionally ahorse hitched before as leader, and when the Hudson river was frozen, crossing that and other streams on the ice. The roads were the old Indian paths, slightly improved, and nearly impassable by wagons. In 1797 Stephen Roberts, from Plymouth, settled about midway between the other 4h 4h 372 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. settlements, and shortly Marvins, Culvers and Shaws were making pleasant homes in the wilderness. About the same time the families of James Van Scoter (now called Benscoter) and his sons Anthony and John, also three then unmarried sons, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, were added to the Dutch settlement; all left numerous descendants. About the same time also the Bellas, Dav- enport, Hans, Muchler, Huff and Cragle families were added. In 1799 William Moore, an Irishman from Maryland, with a large family, settled at the place now known as Mooretown. His descendants still own the farm. A granddaughter, Mrs. John Harned, now lives there. The Huffman, Harned, Post, Bonham, Wolfe, Johnson and Santee families came soon after 1800, and nearly all homes then formed are still retained in the families of descend- ants. December 24th, 1801, Shadrach Austin, a son of the first occupant of Shickshinny, married Mary Gregory, d.uighter of Peter Gregory, sen., and bought the present Austin homestead, where he spent the remainder of his life. He was ^ teacher and a leader among his neigh- bors, and during a long, active life " Uncle Shadrach " was almost universally spoken of as an examplar worthy of imitation. He was born July 12th, 1770, and died De- cember 26th, 1850. In 1815 John Hartman, of Northampton county, bought a farm and moved into a house where Samuel Huff had lived several years, which is now owned by his son Stephen Hartman. As the land could be bought at a low price and proved very productive, other old neighbors from Northampton and Lehigh counties soon followed, and a German settlement was formed, as the Masters, Hobbes, Baer, Adelman and Neville families all obtained land near the Hartmans, and long retained many of the customs and characteristics of the German population of the Lehigh valley. Peter Gregory, jr., and Richard Gregory, sons of the first settler, bought and occupied farms. P^ichard is still living, aged ninety-two years. Joseph Gregory and John Gregory, sons of Peter, own and occupy parts of the old I homestead. In 1813 James Search bought of Philip and Margaret Hann the place near the river now known as the Jessup farm, where he raised his family. His son Lot married Christina Fink, and settled just above Shickshinny. A very good quarry of building and flag stones is now owned and worked by his son-in-law, A. C. Nicely, on the place where he raised his family and built a large stone houie and other good buildings, which have all been abandone.l. for several years past, as all the children made homes in Shickshinny. Teachers, Sch(;oi.s and Churches. One generation grew up without suitable provision for instruction, though many succeeded in learning to read and write, and some attained to more intellectual eleva- tion. Shadrach Austin was a teacher. Jonah Rogers taught some time in the Marvin and Roberts neighbor- hood with good success. Truman H. Clark, from New York State, was a popular and useful teacher many years. Miss Caroline Turner, Miss Anne Turner, Mrs. M. L. T. Hart- man, Miss Leah Santee and other educated women were of much benefit to the young, and assisted in infusing a general desire for their advancement in mental culture. Now the public schools are well attended by industrious pupils. Thert-, are seven school-houses, in which schools are taught six or seven months each year. There are Sunday-schools held in four school-houses and two churches. Zerah Marvin, an early resident, spent a long, useful life as farmer, merchant and preacher, assisted by others of the Baptist faith — Joel Rogers, Elias Dodson and Samuel Chapin, in Huntington, and Griffin Lewis, of Plymouth. Their labors each Sunday, places for preach- ing and other ministrations, were mutually arranged, and extended over nearly half the county. They worked without pay. All lived comfortably on farms, and each reached near four-score years. If the needy asked as- sistance, temporally or spiritually, they were sure of meet- ing with brotherly regard. There are two churches in the township, both built in 1850; one by the Baptists, near Muhlenburg, and the other by the Methodists, near Mooretown; each costing $1,000 or $1,200. The M. P. church has preaching and other services at school-houses. All support salaried ministers. Societies. Muhlenburg Lodge, No. 899, /. O. of O. F. was in- stituted in 1875, January 28th. The present officers are: R. M. Edwards, N. G.; Arthur S. Hartman, V. G.; J. L. Glace, secretary; William H. Masters, treasurer; past officers, J. L. Glace, Charles B. Gregory, T. M. Bonham, T. M. Brown, John Harnet, A. H. Allen, J. K. Lunger, A. S. Hartman and Elisha Roberts. Meetings are held weekly at the hall, on Saturday evenings. McKendree Grange was organized September 29th, 1876, with J. Miner Woodworth, M.; R. M. Edwards.O.; T. F. Shepherd, L.; M. L. T. Hartman, C; R. A. Har- rison, P.; S. A. Woodworth, F.; Addie H. Edwards, L. A. S.; B. B. Harrison, Chap.; J. B. Benscoter, S.; J. C. Tubbs, A. S.; William H. Harrison, Sec; Joseph H. Harrison, Treas.; J. Masters, G. K.; committee for busi- ness, Washington Wheeler, Silas Benscoter, Dodson Culver. It continues in good working order, with much benefit to the membership ,^nd neighborhood. It meets weekly — Thursday evenings. Justices. Soon after the formation of Union township John T. Miller was appointed justice of the peace, under the con- stitution of 1790, for life or during good behavior. In 1818 Ichabod Shaw was appointed; 1820, Shad- rach Austin; 1832, Lot Search. The last two appointees served until 1840, when the office became elective. John Blanchard and Truman H. Clark were elected for five years from April 14th, 1840. By the division of # 4, f <^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, HUNLOCK, SALEM AND UNION TOWNSHIPS AND SHICKSHINNY BOROUGH. J. F. BHIGGS, M. D. J. F. Briggs, M. D., of Shickshinny, was born in Hollenback, February 38th, 1836, and is a physician and drug'g-ist. He married Miss Sallie Whitebread, of HoUenback. He was a member of Company C 178th Pa. vdluuteei-s during the war of the Rebellion. ' MRS. M. L. T. HARTMAN. 3yfi*s. M. L. T, Hartman, a daughter of Luther Ti-escott, was born in Hkintington, September 7th, 1817. She received such education as the schools of those days afforded. By a judicious course of I'eading and clpse observation she has become eminent for her intelligence and eon- ve^ational powers. At interviils for the last forty years she has been efigaged in teaching. A majority of the inhabitants of Union township between ten and thirty-ftvc years of age have at some time been her pirpils. She divides her time between the duties of a farmer's wife and tlk^^ of press correspondent, local historian and poetess. She married " i^flien Hartman, July 2nd, 1840. "r WILLIAM KOONS. William Koons, miller and farmer, was born in Monroe county. Pa., April 14th, 1800, and when about seventeen came to Luzerne county. Where he carried on a mercantile business over forty years. He has b een twice married. Miss Sarah Fuller, of Huntington township, being li is first wife, and Susan Horton (formerly Susan Bacon, daughter of eptimus Bacon) his second. Mr. Koons had a family of eight sons and cjne daughter. In 1835 he w.is elected to the office, of coimty commis- slioner, and in 1847 to that of sheriff. His residence is at Stone Bridge, dne mile west of Shickshinnj'. ( Geohqe W. Abbot, boat builder and ^wagon maker, was born in Ifiight Street, Columbia county. Pa., September 16th, 1835. He is the son ibf Jonas Abbot, who died in that county June 30th, 1839. Mr. Abbot linarried Jane McCorty, who died, and he was subsequently married to iliss Margaret McNeal, of MifHinville, Columbia county. Pa. He served Jn Company C 309th Pa. volunteers during the Rebellion. Mr. Abbot's grandfather on his mother's side, John Jacob Johnston, served through the Revolutionary war in Colonel Baker's cavalry, and was wounded Ave times. He died at the advanced age of one hundred and two. . , Rev. E. L. Armstrong, son of John Armstrong, was born in Cham- Jbersburg, Pa., May 22nd, 1843. He was converted in 1865, entered Dick- inson College, Carlisle, In 1868, and became a member of the M. E. con- ference of central Pennsylvania in 1873. He married Lizzie C. Peffer, of McConnellsburg. He is the present pastor of the Methodist church at Beach Haven. Thomas Bauoder was born July 4th, 1838, in Danville, Pa. He is a ^-(superintendent of powder mills. He married Miss Margaret Swank, of Nesoopeok. [ John Bersoh, station agent, Shickshinny, was born in Berlin, Prus- sia, December 31st, 1845, and married Emma M. Keller, of Kingston, ' Luzerne county. Mr. Bei-sch was formerly a clerk in the county re- corder's office. John B. Bertels, merchant, Shickshinny, was born in Wilkes-Barre, April 33nd, 1848. He man-ied Agnes B. Neyhart, of Ransom, Luzerne county. Mr. Bortels served in Company D 9th regiment Pa. volunteer cavalry. David T. Bound was boi-n at Conklin (now Kirkwood), Broome county, N. T., October 14th, 1839. He remained on the farm with his parenfa until the age of ten years, when he began life independently as a farm hand at $4 per month. He assisted, as a teamster, in the con- struction of the Brie Railway, and was afterward a track laborer and assistant foreman until 1853, when he became track master on a western railroad for six months. He returned that year and entered the employ- ment of the D., L. & W. Railroad Company. He began as a laborer, and rose to be a conductor, a dispatcher and superintendent of the L. & B. division. He married Janett M. Hotchklss, of Windsor, N. T. Enos L. Bower, post-ofBce address Berwick, Columbia county, was born in Evansville, Columbia county, October 38th, 1843. Mr. Bower is a blacksmith. He served as drum major in the 179th and 21Dth regi- ments Pa. volunteers Daniel Brader, boat builder. Beach Haven, was bom in North- ampton county, February 18th, 1828, and married Sarah McGraw, of Beach Haven. He has worked at his trade fifteen years. He served as j ustice of the peace ten years, having been elected to that olSce in 1863. Frank E. Bbockwat was bom in Berwick, Columbia county, Feb- ruary 7th, 1845, and married Cora Campbell, of Beach Haven. He served three years and ten months in the army, participating in thirty- two engagements. During the time of his service he held the position of second lieutenant of Battery P 1st Pennsylvania light artillery. Mr. Brockway has been mercantile appraiser of Luzerne county and justice of the peace for seven years, and still holds the latter office. He has a boot and shoe manufactory and is the proprietor of a brick yard, man- ufacturing about330,000 bricks annually. Hiram H. Brown, tailor, was born in Bloomsburg, Columbia county, October 23nd, 1833, and married Sarah Ann Murray, of Beach Haven. During the war he held the office of fourth sergeant of Comp- any A 74th, and of Company H 133nd Pennsylvania volunteers, Mr. Brown lost two sons, William M. and James M. Brown, in the army. The former was wounded in the battle of Petersburg, and died at Annapo- lis November 4th, 1864, and the latter died of typhoid fever while a member of Company A 74th Pennsylvania volunteers. George W. Case, Shickshinny, was bom in Sugarloaf township, Columbia county, December 10th, 1844. He married Miss Elizabeth Baker, of Muncy, Lycoming county. Mr. Case served nearly two years in Company D 84th Pennsylvania volunteers. He is now a farmer, having pre\aously been engaged in the manufacture of brooms. Hiram Croop, lumberman, is a life-long resident of Hunlock town- ship, and married S. S. Dodson, also of Hunlock. He was born Febru- ary 16th, 1833, and was engaged in farming for some time. He has been justice of the peace. William C. Davenport, proprietor of the Eagle hotel, Shickshinny, was born in Plymouth, Luzerne county, April 18th, 1866, and Is the son of Chester Davenport, whose ancestors came to this country from France. Mr. Davenport attended the State normal school at Blooms- burg, and schools at New Berlin and Plymouth. His wife was formerly Miss Agnes Driesbach, of New Berlin, Union county. John T. Downs, of Shickshinny, was born in Plymouth, Pa., August 19th, 1855, and is a miner. His wife was Miss Hannah Murray, of Tama- qua. Pa. WiLBER G. Driesbach, station agent, was born in Beach Haven, August 27th, 1847, and has since lived there, engaged in milling and other business and holding the office of postmaster for the last ten years. He married Ettie E. Fowler, of Berwick, Columbia county. George W. Fisher, proprietor of the Beach Haven hotel, was bom in Northumberland county, March 36th, 1833, and lived on his father's farm until he was of age, when he learned the milling business,in which he continued fourteen years. In 1857 he built the brick hotel in which he has since lived. His wife, formerly Caroline E. Wolf, daughter of John Wolf, of Covington, Luzerne county, was born August 14th, 1830. E. W. Garrison, telegraph operator at Shickshinny, was bom in Shickshinny valley, November 1st, 1854. His grandfather, Matthias Garrison, of New Jersey, married a granddaughter of Lord Archibald Douglas, who resided near Glasgow, Scotland. Ephraim Gregory was born September 34th, 1808, and married Susan Adleman, of Union township. He was a farmer for many years, but has now retired from active labor. He was elected justice of the peace in 1843, and served two terms of Ave years each. Georgb Gregory was bom February 3d, 1830, in Union township, where he married Frances Roberts. Mr. Gregory, who is the proprietor ^ and county mentioned. Mr. Turner, who is a cai-penter, enlisted in 1861 >' and eerved in Company D 143d re'giment Pennsylvania voUmteers tw( ' years and ten months. J. A. Van Horn, farmer, was bom in Union township, Septembeif' 11th, 1839. He enlisted in September, 1861, and served four years ai veterinary surgeon in the 4th Pennsylvania cavalry. ' Malcom E. Walker, of Shickshinny, was born in Waverly, Laeka-' wanna county, April 8th, 1847. He was formerly a teacher, but is now^ • engaged in the practice of the legal profession. He married T. A. Van-I ' netta, of Bloomsburg, Columbia county. ^ Wesley White, station agent and postmaster at Hunloek's Creek,! was born in Light Street, Columbia county. Pa., January 19th, 1849. He' married Emma Hess, of Muhlenburg. He was formerly engaged iff lumbering. W. H. H. Wolf, a native of Muhlenburg, Union township, was born September 6th, 1840. His wife, also of Muhlenburg, was foi-meriy Cla- rissa Hess. Mr. Wolf served two years and nine months in Company I 143d Pennsylvania volunteers. He is now in the mercantile business; ; was formerly a farmer. ._ ,,'; The foUowing also contributed their support to this publication to Hnulock, Salem and Union townships and Shickshinny borough: Charles A. Boone, H. Brewer, D. M. Culver, S. J. Dosay, Amos Howard, Thomas McMillan, G. R. Pringle, Lot Search and W, H. Sharp. N ^- =& VOLUNTEERS FROM UNION TOWNSHIP— BEGINNINGS AT SHICKSHINNY. 373 the township in 1842 John Blanchard was in Ross township and Ephraim Gregory was elected. Truman H. Clark was elected in 1845; Ephraira Gregory, 1847; George (Gregory, 1850; Jacob Benscoter, 1852; Shad- rach Gregory, 1855, 1861; Griswold C. Benscoter, 1856; Daniel Bulkeley, i860; William S. Monroe, 1862; Jona- than Bonham, 1866, 1871,1877 (appointed to fill vacancy), 1878; Hiram Croop, 1867, 1872; J. L. Glace, 1876. Soldiers from Union. Many of the pioneers had served in ttie war for inde- pendence, some of whom received pensions; others were enlisted or drafted into the army engaged in the war of 181 2-15, all of whom except Richard Gregory have passed away. During the southern Rebellion many noble volunteers and some drafted men did good service in defense of the flag and government. In the following list of them the names followed by an asterisk are those of men who died in the service. Alfred Allen, Denison Arnold, Jefferson Arnold, Solomon Aldeman, Charles Baer, Josiah Baer,* George W. Baer, Stephen Bouhain, Hender- son Bonham,* J. and S. Bonham, Griswold C. Benscoter,* Crawford L. Benscoter, William M. Benscoter,* John B. Culver, M. D. ; Newton Cul- ver, Peter N. Bilby, George W. Bilby,* Abraham Davenport,* George W. Fink, Asahel Gregory, Stephen Gregory, Jacob L. Glace, Luther T. and I. T. Hartman, P. S. Hartman, Benjamin H. Hartraan, Elias B Hartman,* Alexander Harned, Wesley Harned, Wesley Hans, Daniel Hans, Jacob Hobbs, Nehemiah Hess, John Hess, Philip Hess, Zerah Marvin, Judson Marvin, William H. Masters, Sylvester Masters, Alanson Marvin, George Mc'GJll, Conrad Miller, Moses Miller, James S. Muchler, Silas Roberts, J. Wesley Roberts, Elisha Roberts, Simon Remaly, John Scott, Elisha Scott,* George W, Sorber, William Sorber, Sylvester Sorber, Ephraim Santee, Hamilton Tubbs, Nathan Tubbs, Isaac B. Tubbs,* Jonas C. Tubbs, Manuel Turner, Joseph M. Turner, Christian Vanhorn, Elijah Wheeler, Wesley C. Wheeler, Jasper Winans, Henderson Wolfe,* Wm. H. H. Wolfe, Theodore P. Wolfe. SHICKSHINNY BOROUGH. HICKSHINNY borough was formed of parts of Union and Salem townships, November 30th, i86r. The line of those townships for- merly ran near Shickshinny creek. The name given to this locality by the Indians signified the place where five mountains meet, "^s^ referring to the River mountain, the Knob moun- tain, Rocky mountain, Lee's mountain and Newport mountain. This was a favorite hunting and fishing re- sort for the Indians, and there are still traces of their paths leading toward the notch from all directions. The population of the borough in 1880 was 1,068, a gain of 23 from 1870. Occupation by White Settlers. The first permanent settlement was made under the claim of Connecticut, by Ralph Austin and a family named Crossley, who fled to Connecticut after the battle of Wyoming. After a few years the Austin family re- turned, put up log buildings and otherwise improved the place, and became farmers and inn-keepers. The parents and several children were buried on the mountain side, on the place now known as Rockview, where their graves with others could be seen but a few years since, but now no trace remains. Matthias Hollenback came into pos- session of the place under the Pennsylvania claim. The farm, 256 acres, covers nearly all of the present borough. It afterward passed into possession of Mrs. Cist, a daughter of M. Hollenback, who became the wife of Chester Butler; and after her death the estate was sold by her heirs to the present company, as proprietors of Shickshinny, in 1857. The names of the company were George W. Search, Lot Search, Nathan B. Crary and Nathan Garrison; by them the present town was planned and partially built, lots sold and other improvements commenced. Nathan Garrison, dying in 1862, was suc- ceeded by his widow, Rachel Garrison, and heirs. The present proprietors paid $20,000 for the tract. Business Enterprises. The tenants of the farm were inn-keepers. They were Ralph Austin, William Bellas, George Muchler ' Coates, William H«yt, Headley & Wilson, who had a temperance house kept by different men until they, in 1850, gave possession to William Koons; B. D. Koons, Edward Barman, Jacob Laycock, William A. Tubbs and H. J. Yaple, who is the present landlord, near where the first log hotel was built. William Shoemaker occupies a part of the house more recently built, in which he still continues the business, but by changing and straightening streets it is left some distance from the old river road or Main street. After the opening of the Lackawanna and Blooms- burg railroad Caleb Atherton built a brick hotel near the depot for the accommodation of business men and railroad employes, which has been well patronized. It is owned by Jacob Gould and kept by William Daven- port. The first store house was built by Stephen Vaughn for Mrs. Cist soon after the Pennsylvania canal was chartered, and a store was kept in it by Vaughn for several years. The old store house is now occupied as a dwelling, owned by heirs of A. Heller. After Vaughn the Crary Brothers kept the store until 1841; then Miller & Chapin, until Headley & Wilson leased the property in 1846. William Koons kept the store from 1850 to 1856. He was followed by Thomas Davenport, who was the last mer- chant here, as in planning the present town the old historic house was left without a street near enough for business purposes, and was changed into a dwelling house. The first store outside the old store house was started by Nathan Garrison and Andrew J. Eldon in June, 1857. After a few months Eldon was intrusted with the money to purchase new goods, as they were doing a cash business. The goods came on, but not paid for, and the dishonest partner was soon on his way to China with about $3,000 of Garrison's money. Nathan Garrison was forced to close business and sold to the present merchant, Nathan B. Crary. In the shipping dis- asters Eldon was reported about two months later as lost =i^H H^ 374 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. in a storm, having so much gold on his person that he sank while trying to reach a life boat. At present there are five stores of dry goods and gene- ral merchandise kept in the borough, two drug storesj four groceries, two hardware and tin shops, three mil- linery stores and one cabinet warehouse, all doing a fair business for the town and surrounding country. A post- office has been kept at this place many years, as it was on the stage route along the Susquehanna from Wilkes- Barre south. Within (he limits of the borough the only buildings were those necessary for the farm, and the store (except the workmen's shanties during the making of the canal, from 1828 to its completion) until 1846, when Headley& Wilson leased land and built a charcoal furnace and other buildings for business and tenement houses. The iron ore and lime were brought in boats from Columbia county, and the charcoal was burned on the neighboring mountains. The furnace made very good pig iron. Headley & Wilson and their employes built up an active, progressive business. They sold their lease to William Koons, who carried on the business from 1850 until 1856, when the furnace and part of the buildings were moved to Hunlock's Creek, and most of the people also left the place before the purchase of the properly by the Shick- shinny company in 1857. An excellent flouring mill was built in 1865 by George W. and Lot Search, costing $5,000 and containing four runs of stones. It employs several men and does a prof- itable, business. A foundry was built by Jesse Beadle, L. T. Hartman and Frederick Beach in 1866, a few rods above the rail- road depot and between the railroad and canal, costing near $3,000. It was run by a steam engine; is now oper- ated by Luther T. Hartman. The planing-mill between the depot and foundry was built by Amos Hess in 1874, 36 by 60 feet in area and costing $6,000. The Mountain Echo was first issued in 1873 t>y C. A. Boone and M. E. Walker, and transferred in 1875 to the present editor and proprietor, R. M. Tubbs, who has im- proved it in tone and literary merit; claiming neutrality in politics it is free to censure all parties and administra- tions. There are three blacksmith shops, two of which are connected with wheelwright establishments, owned and operated respectively by Miner Brown and Henry Wagner. Mines and Mining. Coal was first found on Rocky mountain about 1830, on land owned by Nathan Beach, by Humphrey Daven- port, who was employed by Beach to prospect for it. Veins were struck in several places and small amounts mined by Davenport. The coal was hauled off the mountain with teams for several years. In 1840 Darwin Crary, a grandson of Nathan Beach, commenced improve- ments by which the coal might be brought to the canal at less cost; a chute was constructed, through which the coal was run for several months. In 1842 James A. Gordon built the first plane for Beach & Crary, which did good service for several years. Afterward the mines were operated by Truman H. Clark and other lessees several years. In 1865 John M. Stackhouse and Matthew Wier bought the mines and made improvements. In 1866 Cyrus Stackhouse bought Wier's stock, and as- sisted his brother in the management until 1869, when it passed into the hands of the Paxton Coal Company, who built breakers, etc. In 1873 the present firm, known as the •" Salem Coal Company," was formed. The yearly production averages 65,000 tons, employing near two hundred men and boys. In the Newport mountain, on the opposite side of the Susquehanna, are rich deposits of superior coal, which was mined several years successfully. Bridges, Ro.ads and Mails. In 1857 a company was formed for the purpose of mining in the Newport mountain and building roads and bridges to connect with the Lackawanna & Blooms- birg railroad. The company's works were managed by Jedediah Irish, Jesse Hart, Henry C. Carey and othet active, enterprising men, who opened mines, built roads, and a bridge over the river. The superstructure was built by Luther and William H. Trescott, and opened for travel in 1859. March 17th, 1865, a flood swept off the superstructure except one reach, and the works passed soon afterward into the hands of the Mocanaqua Company. A new bridge was built, but was worn out and went down. Travel is now accommodated by a ferry, managed by a company of stockholders. Shickshinny creek is crossed on Main'street by a good iron bridge, built partly by the county commissioners. Main street was long known as the river road, and was a stage and mail route until superseded by the railroad. A turnpike from Shickshinny to places back of the mountain is chartered and partly constructed. Moral and Religious Influences. A Sunday-school was maintained by employes of the furnace company from 1846 until 1856. When the popu- lation, which had been quite numerous although neces- sarily transient, was scattered, schools, Sunday-schools and churches or associations for worship were nearly all discontinued. John McCauIy, the superintendent of the furnace, was also a local preacher of the M. E. church. Thomas Care, a class leader, and other zealous and efficient members of that church soon organized societies, and meetings for religious services were regularly attended during their stay at Shickshinny. Samuel F. Headley, one of the proprietors, was a strict prohibitionist, and a very popular temperance lecturer; he kept watch on every grogshop started, and drunken- ness and dissipation were discountenanced and kept un- der tight reins. After the exit of the furnace population and the ad- vent of the present proprietors, Rosaline Gordon, wife of =T* ^h CHURCHES AND LODGES AT SHICKSHINNY. 375 Lot Search, started a union Sunday-school in the school' house. This opened the way for preaching, by different denominations, in the school-house. The first church was built by the Methodist Protestants and Presbyterians, in i860, at a cost of |8oo, shared equally by those two denominations. The trustees were Peter Masters, A. C. Nicely, Henry Baer, George W. Search and. Lot Search. It was uped by all denom- inations for several years, and is now by the Methodist Protestants. The Methodist Episcopal congregation built a brick church in 1870, costing $ri,ooo, which is large and com- modious, with a basement, containing rooms for Sunday- school and class meetings, also a very good library, cost- ing $500. The pastors of this M. E. church have been E. H. Yo- cum, George W. Miller, John A. Gere, Joseph King, Aaron Kester, John Morehead and George Warren. The present membership is 180; Sunday-school pupils, 200. The trustees were John M. Stackhouse, Cyrus Stack- house, M. W. Millard, George Rustay, Thomas Senior, John Thomas, W. F. Kline, N. B. Crary, James Post and Daniel Baer. The Presbyterians built a very neat church of wood, with a basement of stone, costing $4,700. In 1874 the basement was finished and dedicated, and it was used for all needed purposes until March 7th, 1878, when the audience room, nicely finished and furnished, was dedi- cated. The church in its earlier stages was ministered to by James Ferguson, William J. Day and others, who lived at a distance and could only give a small part of their time and service. From May, 187 1, Rev. W. B. Darrach was pastor until 1878, when the present pastor, Arthur John- son, was installed November 6th. The membership numbers about 100, and the Sunday- school 130. The elders are G. W. Search, Charles A. Boone, Miner Brown and Dr. M. B. Hughes. Trustees — John R. Bertels, Thomas Montgomery, Lot Search, C. A. Boone, Dr. M. B. Hughes and G. W. Search. A good library is kept up for the benefit of its members. The Evangelical or German Methodists h^ve quite a numerous society and Sunday-school, with a stationed minister and regular services, held in a rcom rented for the purpose, but have not yet built a church. In 1876 Rev. W. M. Croman, then serving Berwick mis- sion, made an appointment in Shickshinny, and at the close of the year 1877 the communicants numbered 80. In 1878 Rev. Mr. Hernberger succeeded him, and at the conference session of 1879 Shickshinny, with 75 mem- bers, was added to Luzerne circuit. Rev. J. M. Price pastor. The Methodist Protestant church has 45 members and 75 in the Sunday-school. Rev. J. Farrah is the pastor. During the ten years of the occupation of the place by the furnace company good schools were kept in differ- ent places, no house for the purpose being built until 1858, when Union township built the brown school-house now used for the primary school, on Main street. A few years later a house containing two large school-rooms was built on Church street, in which are taught the higher and intermediate grades, under the care of carefully selected teachers. The present principal is Professor Ned Ross- The moral status of Shickshinny is above the average of towns of its size; the borough having been favored in all the institutions of society with the influence of many excellent women residing there, including Mrs. Rachael Garrison, Mrs. Rosaline and Elizabeth Search, Mrs. Anna Beadle, Mrs. Lucinda Sleppy, Mrs. J. F. and Elizabeth Nicely, Miss Emily V. Gordon, Miss Elizabeth Gordon and others. Physicians. The first resident physician, L.C.White, practiced sev- eral years from 1846. Since 1847 his brother-in-law, Charles Parker, has resided in the borough. Others, as Drs. D. Crary, J. B, Culver and E. A. Santee, were here short periods. Since 1862 William D. Hamilton, M. D., formerly of Baltimore, has been in practice here. Since 1869 M. B. Hughes, M. D., has practiced here. Soon afterward Jacob Briggs, M. D., opened an office. He also keeps a drug store, assisted by Dr. Harding, a brother-in-law. Sundry Organizations. The Shickshinny Cornet Band was organized Novem- ber, 1865, with William J. J. Sleppy as leader. In 1868 it reorganized, with Chester B. Clark as leader. In Sep- tember, 1878, J. W. Shoemaker was chosen leader. The members meet for practice Monday, Wednesday and Fri- day evenings. T. Wetherill and D. Brooks are the teachers. Shickshinny Lodge, No. 180, /. O. of O. F. was organ- ized April 22nd, 1846. The first officers were: Samuel F. Headly, N. G.; Hiram Wilson, V. G.; James S.Camp- bell, secretary; E. A. Leclere, A. S.; Jacob Sorber, treas- urer. The officers for 1879 were: H. C. Kinger, N. G.; R. M. Tubbs, V. G.; F. A. Seabert, secretary; Daniel Shoemaker, A. S.; James Post, treasurer. The lodge meets each Saturday evening. A Josephine Rebecca de- gree lodge was organized June 29th, 1869, with the fol- lowing officers: F. A. Seabert, N. G.; Carrie B. Post, V. G.; B. D. Koons, secretary; Lucinda Sleppy, A. S.; Sallie Briggs, treasurer. The meetings were held in Odd Fel- lows' Hall, on Thursday evenings. The lodge is not in working order. Sylvania Lodge, No. 354, A. Y. M. was instituted June 29th, 1865, with the following officers: Jedediah Irish, W. M.; John F. Nicely, S. W.; A. B. Weil, J. W.; G. W. Search, secretary; A. C. Nicely, treasurer. The officers for 1879 were: Joseph Wandel, W. M.; M. B. Crary, S. W.; Joseph M. Turner, J. W. ; C. A. Boone, secretary; G. W. Search, treasurer; and Monday evening, on or be- fore full moon, is the time of meeting. Quindara Lodge, No. 483, /. O. of G. T. was organized December 29th, 1867. The first officers were: Dr. James L. Killgore, W. C. T.; Fannie Millard, W. V. T.; John Thomas, W. C; Elizabeth E. Gordon, W. S.; W. D. Gar- ^Hh ^ 376 HISTORY OF LUZERNE COUNTY. WRIGHT TOWNSHIP. HIS township was formed from Hanover, April 12th, 1851, and named after Hon. Hendrick B. Wright, of Wilkes-Barre. The population was 603 in 1870, and 881 in 1880. The first white inhabitant was James Wright, from the Wyoming valley. He had to chop out a road before his ox team to his place rison, W. F. S.; C. A. Boone, treasurer; Emily V. Gordon, W. M.; R. B. Nicely, G.; Winfield Scott, S. The officers for 1879 were: Rev. George Warren, W. C. T.; Hattie Arnold, W. V. T.; J. R. Bidleman, W. C.; R. M. Tubbs, W. S.; J. M. Stackhouse, W. T.; J. W. Miller, W. F. S.; May Winans, W. M.; Lottie Sunderland, W. G.; Charles W. Laycock, S. Shickshinny Council, No. 115, O. U. A. M. was insti- tuted May 17th, 1869. The first officers were: A. H. McWayne, C; J. W. Romich, V. C; G. W. Briggs, R. S.; J. M. Snyder, A. S.; N. B. Allegar, F. S.; Aaron Briggs, E.; J. H. Rhone, O.; J. L. Winner, treasurer. The pres- ent officers are: George W. Youells, C; N. C. Laning, V. C; John S. Prince, R. S.; W. W. Smith, A. S.; A. M. Everhart, F. S.; V. E. Chapin, E.; S. A. Welsh, O.; P. Weiss, treasurer. The council meets weekly at Mechan- ics' Hall, East Union street. Knapp Lodge, No. 209, K. of P. was organized De- cember loth, 1869. The first officers were: B. D. Koons P. C; A. McDowell, C. C; E. W. Stiles, V. C; John F. Caslon, K. R. S.; H. M. Briggs, M. E.; M. J. Sdyder, M. F.; C. A. Boone, M. A.; J. H. Rhone, I. G.; G. C. McWayne, O. G. The officers for 1879 were: B. D. Koons, P. C; John F. Caslon, C. C; Edward S. Hart- man, V. C; J. S. Sunderland, P.; W. Miller, M. E.; Luther T. Hartman, M. G.; M. B. Hughes, K. R. S.; Hiram Dietrick, M. A.; C. W. Dietrick, 1. G.; P. M. Koons, O. G. The lodge meets weekly at Mechanics' Hall, Monday evenings. Civil War Times. During the efforts to suppress the Rebellion Shick- shinny was a general rallying point and recruiting station. At the first call for volunteers, Henry M. Gordon, Charles B. Post,* John Minich, Emanuel Dietrich and J. C. Turner responded, and joined the first company raised in the county in April, 186 r. Afterward their noble ex- ample was followed by James Post, W. A. Tubbs,* Thomas Davenport, Frank A. Seabert, James McNeal,* William J.IMcNeal, Martin McNeal, I. & W. Scott,* George Wildoner, Conrad Jumper, H. S. Clark, W. F. Kline, Levi Arnold, William Weatherwax,* Moses Springer, J. L. Winner, Joshua McAffee, Elijah Dietrick,* Hiram Dietrick, William Wright,* George Youells, Andrew H. McWayne,* N. B. Fitzgerald, Isaac B. Titus, Bowman Garrison, Garrison. ♦ Died in the service. r>n the Big Wapwallopen creek, about a mile southwest of Penobscot station. He built a log cabin and at various times three saw-mills, which have gone to decay. The next settler was Harvey Holcomb, from Connecticut. He located a short distance down the creek from Wright's. Samuel B. Stivers and William Vandermark soon afterward located in the northwest part of the town- ship, a little south of Triangle pond. They were natives of this county, and their families still live where they first located. John Hoffman, about the same time as the two last named, located near Stivers's place. Elias Carey, from the Wyoming valley, in 1833 bought the Holcomb improvements. He had a large family of children. Cor- nelius Garrison was the next settler. He built a saw- mill on the Big Wapwallopen creek, in the southwest part of the township, on the site of the only one now in this township. He also raised the first crop of grain and set out the first orchard. The first road was the Wilkes-Barre and Hazleton turnpike, running diagonally across the township from Solomon's Gap to where N. Hildebrand now lives; the surveyor was Harry Colt, of Wilkes-Barre. The first school-house was built of logs, in 1840, and stood near S. B. Stivers's, in the northwest part of the township. The first teacher was Charles Fine. The surviving pupils are Eleazer, George and Andrew Carey, Hiram Arnold and Benjamin and Elizabeth Vandermark. The first store was kept by Stephen Lee, near S. B. Sti- vers's. James Wright kept the first tavern, where he first located. Another was kept by a Mr. Willis, where R. Conedy now lives. Almost every one kept liquors to stimulate the weary traveler. The first graveyard was located in the southwest part of the township, where E. Lines now lives. The pioneer blacksmith, Stephen Lee, worked in con- nection with his store, near Samuel B. Stivers's place. The next blacksmith was George Garrison, whose shop was where the Big Wapwallopen crosses the west town- ship line. The pioneer postmaster was William G. Albert. His office was where J. Shafer now lives, on the west side of the township. The mails came at first once a week, on horseback. Afterward Horton & Gilchrist, of Wilkes- Barre, started,, a stage line between Wilkes-Barre and Hazleton, and then the mails were received three times a week. At the first town-meeting Eleazer Carey was elected assessor. He held the office for eight years. Mr. Carey is now superintendent of the roundhouse of the Central railroad at Penobscot. Morris Bush was the supervisor and collector for 1879. Justices of the peace for this township have been elected as follows: George Carey, 1852; Stephen Lee, 1858; Willard Ruger, 1868; Peter Miller, 1870; John B. Glover, 1874. Business Centers of To-Day. Summit Station is a hamlet of about 40 inhabitants. There are a hotel and a school-house at this place. *^- <¥ Penobscot contains about 200 inhabitants. Here is the depot for engines employed in assisting freight trains over the mountain and for hauling trains of coal mined at Solomon's Gap. Here are repair shops and round house for the accommodation of 16 engines. Dr. J. M. Crede is the resident physician, paid by an assessment on the employes of the road living at this place. At Solomon's Gap (post-office Mountain Top) are the engine house and turn-table of the Lehigh Valley road, and station for its extra engines for mountain work. There is also a coal breaker in the Gap. There are two stores; and a post-office, with William Schoonover as postmaster. At South Fair View there are twelve dwellings and a hotel. The number of persons in Wright liable to pay a tax in 1879 was 64. G. D. Harris, of this township, is one of the present county commissioners. Presbyterian Church of Mountain Top. In May, 1876, a committee consisting of John B. Gloman, John M. Chase and others was sent by the peo- ple of Solomon's Gap, Fairview and Penobscot to Rev. William J. Day, of Ashley, to invite him to come up to Mountain Top and organize a Presbyterian Sunday- school. A day was fixed and the Sunday-school or- ganized, with John B. Gloman superintendent; D. F. Deitrick, assistant superintendent and H. Deitrick, sec- retary. Rev. W. J. Day preached there in the school- house of that district every two weeks after the close of the Sabbath-school exercises. In June, 1879, collections were made for the purpose of building a church. In August 1879, the Lehigh Navigation and Coal Company donated the church a fine lot 100 by 190 feet, on the Penobscot road, for the site of a church. The church edifice, which is the only one in the town- ship, was built largely through the efforts of Mr. Day. He offered to raise $1,500 if $500 should be raised by others interested, and the necessary funds were collected by him and Miss Nellie Chesney. In September ground was broken for the new church. The ladies raised $126 for the bell. The total cost of the building was $3,160. It was dedicated in the evening of February 20th, 1880. Rev. F. B. Hodge, of Wilkes-Barre, preached the ser- mon, and $782 was then subscribed to complete payment for the edifice. A special train on the Lehigh and Sus- quehanna railroad carried many persons to the meeting free from Wilkes-Barre and intermediate points. The building committee consisted of G. B. Stewart, Jacob Brong, William T. Small and John M. Chase. The elders of the church are John M. Chase and Dan- iel Deitrick. There are some 25 members. Mountain' Top being the great outlet of the Wyoming valley coal carrying companies, it will be an important location for a church for long years to corrie. 4.^ ^4 and about seventy-five tons of iron had been made. The ball ore found near at hand was found to be too ex- pensive to mine. In the spring of 1841 a large amount of iron ore was discovered on the slope of the Moosic mountain, only about three miles distant, which with the intervening land was purchased by the company. The additional expense thus involved, in a great measure unprovided for, and the early difficulty in starting the furnace, exhausted the company's capital and plunged it in debt. At this juncture, Mr. Henry's management not being successful, George W. Scranton came in the fall of 1 841, to assume the responsibility of a large portion of the business of the company. Sanford Grant had re- moved to the Hollow early in the ])revious spring, and Mr. Charles F. Mattes, son of Mr. P. H. Mattes, repre- senting the latter's interest, in April. The most earnest efforts of the company had in many quarters been re- ceived with sneers. The enterprise was dubbed a " Jer- sey humbug.'' But the comparatively successful blast of the winter of 1841-42 inspired the public with more con- fidence, and those who had any interest in the vicinity began to anticipate good fortune as the result of what would follow. ^^ i=4-=^=s «^ 39° HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. One difficulty was the lack of facilitit-.s for transporta- tion. It was necessary to haul the product in wagons either to Pittston, on the North Branch Canal, seven miles, or to r"arbondale, on the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's line, fifteen miles, and the roads were bad. An added disadvantage was the financial embar- rassment of the period, which menaced the destruction of manufacturing interests in all quarters. The first year's product of the furnace was shipped over the North Branch and Tide Water Canals, via Havre-de- Grace, to New York and Boston, at a time when the price of iron was depreciating daily. Since tlie commencement of the forge, in the fall of 1840, iron had fallen in value more than forty per cent., and Lackawanna valley iron had no reputation and no prestige in the markets. The credit system was common in the valley, but, having begun to lose faith in the future of the iron enterprise, the citizens of the surrounding country refused to accord it to the company. "The darkest period in the history of the partnership," says Hollister, "was seen in 1842-43. In a remunerative sense the iron specu''.ation had proved a failure and left the treasury worse than empty. With- out character, money or credit, its affairs began to look hopeless. Their notes given to individuals in lieu of money were daily offered to farmers at forty per cent, discount in the uncurrent tender of Pennsylvania cur- rency. Every petty claim of indebtedness was urged and pressed before the justices of the township with an ea'rnestness really annoying." In this strait Joseph H. and Erastus C. Scranton, then of Augusta, Georgia, in- terposed to avert the impending disaster by advancing funds to bolster up and sustain the enterprise; and Sep- tember 7th, 1843, a new partnership was formed, by which the title Scrantons & Grant was retained and Joseph H. and Erastus C. Scranton were admitted to the firm without the withdrawal of any of the former mem- bers. But, notwithstanding the relief thus afforded, it became more and more plainly manifest that unless some more profitable element could be introduced, the busi- ness would continue to be a losing one and eventually fail; and the idea was conceived of the erection of a rol- ling mill and nail factory on Roaring brook below Nay Aug falls, which by converting the company's iron into bars and nails would enhance its value at least twenty- five per cent; though without additional capital this measure, however promising in its results, was impracti- cable. G. W. Scranton was sent to New York and suc- ceeded in interesting Mr. John H. Howland in the pro- ject to the extent of $20,000. Later John Howland, a son of the above mentioned, became a partner and brought more capital to the company. The erection of the rolling-mill and nail factory (which was begun in r843 and finished in February, 1844,) by the aid of New York capital led to the subsequent in- vestment in the Lackawanna coal field of $150,000,060 from the same quarter. In 1841 the company had erected a building which served the purposes of store and office and a dwelling for Mr. Grant. In the winter of 1844 and 1845 a brick store was built near the furnace ^:^= and occupied in 1845. In 1847 and 1848 it was enlarged, the main building then being 26 by 100 feet, with a wing 25 feet square. At various times the offices were en- larged until they occupied a floor space of 85 by 25 feet. The store was under the management of Mr. Grant. From time to time dwellings had been put up for em- ployes as occasion required. In March, 1844, Selden T. Scranton took up his abode at the Lackawanna Iron Works, and his brother George W. Scranton returned to New Jersey and succeeded him in the management of Oxford furnace. In September, 1845, Joseph H. Scran- ton, who, as already narrated, had previously advanced money largely to sustain the wavering fortunes of the concern, bought out Mr. Grant and E. C. Scranton, and came to the valley to reside permanently early in 1847. Quiet, unobtrusive and indifferent as to who got the credit for what he did, so long as the work was done, he was a man of most indomitable energy, iron will and ex- ecutive capacity; and, though new to the iron business, rapidly mastered its details and by his force of character, his wide and valuable acquaintance, at once assumed a leading position in the firm, quickly taking, by common consent, general charge of its manufacturing and mining operations and of the ever increasing new constructions, furnaces, mills and tlieir adjuncts, to which these opera- tions led. With his arrival on the scene began the era of permanent, solid construction, and of steady growth based on sound judgment. Exce])t some parts of the old store, little remains of work built previous to his coming. In 1845 the first T rail was manufactured in the United States. The attention of the company was directed to this new branch of the iron industry during the construc- tion of the New York and Erie Railway. Thus far rails had been imported from England by the Erie contractors at a cost of $80 per ton. The Scrantons agreed with the Erie Railway Company to furnish 12,000 tons of iron rail, to weigh fifty-six pounds to the yard, and be de- livered to the railway authorities at the mouth of the Lackawaxen during 1847 and 1848 at $70 and $80 per ton. This important undertaking made another demand for increased capital, which was loaned to the Messrs. Scranton, on their personal security, to the amount of $100,000 by several wealthy capitalists, who had the suc- cess of the Erie Railway at heart. New machinery (which had been carted by mules sixty or seventy miles over mountains and through forests) was put into their rolHng- mills. "Until now," writes Hollister, " the means of transportation to market of the now largely increased annual product of iron remained as difficult as at the commencement, with the exception of the extension of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's railroad from Carbondale to Archbald, which reduced the hauling by teams to nine miles; the iron ore was carted three miles and a half from the mines; the limestone and extra pig iron needed by the mill, purchased at Danville, drawn from the canal at Pittston; and the railroad iron, now the principal product of the works, was drawn to Archbald upon heavy wagons, requiring the use of over four hun- '^. BLISHA HUTH HITCHCOCK. [»■*&!, EBBNEZER HITCHCOCK. MAHION^ HITCHCOCK. AMANDA HITCHCOCK. lb SCRANTONS & PLATT— JOSEPH H. SCRANTON— PROVIDENCE BOROUGH. 391 dred horses and mules. Even this large force, gathered from the farmers of Blakeley, Providence and Lackawanna, sometimes at the expense of agricultural interests, was able to move the first rail only with provoking tardiness." The first 1,500 tons of the 12,000 contracted were de- livered at the place designated. The balance, in accord- ance with an amendment to the contract, were delivered at different points on the line of the Delaware division of the road, thus enabling the railway company to construct that portion of the road four days before a date specified at which, if it should be so constructed, the State of New York was to appropriate $3,000,000 toward the com- pletion of the railroad. The promptness and energy of the Scranton company thus, as Mr. Loder, president of the Erie company, afterward avowed, saved the railway company from failure or suspension; and at the same time not only brought the Scranton works into notice but aided to hasten the day when they would be no longer obliged to reach the markets with such tar- diness and at such an undue expense as they had had to incur heretofore. In 1846 Mr. J. C. Piatt, a brother- in-law of J. H. Scranton, was admitted to the firm and assumed the position of store-keeper, and the company was reorganized November 7th, 1846; George W., Joseph H. and S. T. Scranton and J. C. Piatt being the general and several wealthy gentlemen of New York the special partners of the firm of Scrantons & Piatt, the capital being increased by the reorganization. October ist, 1848, a new partnership was entered into, which includ.-d the same general and more special partners. G. W. Scranton gradually withdrew from active participation in the affairs of the iron works to look after the railroad interests of the partnership, and, later, to enter political life, and after 1850 had little to do with the business. When, in 1853, the firm of Scrantons & Piatt was merged in the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company, and S. T. Scranton was made president, Joseph H. Scranton took the place of general superintendent, and pushed actively to com- pletion much projected and unfinished work. When the company was again and for the last time brought to the very brink of ruin during the panic of 1857, Mr. S. T. Scranton having resigned and returned once more to New Jersey (where he later started and managed the well-known Oxford Iron Company, which failed so dis- astrously in 1879), Joseph H. Scranton was elected president of the company, with full charge of its in- terests, financial and manufacturing. Never was cor- poration more fortunate in the choice of an officer. With immense capacity for work, devoted to and delighting in his business, master of its details, and with a fierce de- termination to make it succeed, he touched the corpse of the company's credit and it was reanimated. The com- pany was quickly relieved from its embarrassments, its debts were paid, its bonds taken up, it commenced the payment of dividends to its long suffering stockholders, and long before the fourteen years of Mr. Scranton's ad- ministration were terminated by death he had the satis- faction of knowing that the stock, which when he as- sumed the presidency was all but valueless, was selhng in open market at 300; that the concern had not one dol- lar of debt; that he had raised the product of the mills from 10,000 tons of rails to 50,000 tons, and had the con- struction of another still larger mill commenced, which later in the hands of his son was to increase the capacity of the concern 80,000 tons more; and that the Lacka- wanna Iron and Coal Company not only ranked as one of the two largest, but was also generally known in the trade as the best paying and most ably managed concern of its kind in the United States. Upon Mr. Scranton's death, in 1872, he was succeeded in the presidency of the Iron Company by Moses Taylor, of New York; and in the management of affairs at Scran- ton till September, 1874, by his brother-in-law, J. C. Piatt. Then Mr. Scranton's son W. W. Scranton was made general manager, and he still remains so. During his administration the Bessemer steel works have been built, the steel rolling mill has been completed, the blast furnaces made larger, the new blast engine house built, additions made to the foundry, machine shop and collier- ies, and the productive capacity of the concern consider- ably more than doubled; so that it ranks to-day among the seven or eight large iron works of the world. Owing to the death of Joseph H. Scranton and his cousin George, and to the removal to New Jersey of S. T. Scranton and G. W. Scranton's sons, the sons of Mr. Joseph H. Scranton, Joseph A. and W. W. Scranton, are the only men of the name now residing in the city. THE BOROUGH OF PROVIDENCE. The village of Providence, two miles from Scranton, although incorporated into the first and second wards of the city, preserves its name, its post-office and other in- dependent features. As a village its growth was tardy until 1826, when it consisted of but seven dwellings and was called " Razorville " or " the corners." EARLY INTERESTS. Large numbers of sheep were raised in the township, and the inhabitants, depending wholly upon their own woolen goods for raiment, early gave attention to carding and fulling mills. The hardy pioneer women were ever busy in dealing out their warp and filling for frocks, coats, trowsers and flannel petticoats, and these mills were regarded as equally important to the weal of the neighborhood with the grist-mill and the saw-mill. A carding and fulling mill was built a little above Provi- dence in 1808 by John Watres, and passed into the hands of Messrs. Carter & Miller in 1841. The earlier exports of Providence were grain, lumber and whiskey. Of the latter a large quantity was manufactured at Tripp's still, half a mile below the village. During 1826 Colonel Henry W. Drinker, of " Drink- er's Beech " gave a brisk impulse to the village when he, with trifling State aid, crossed the valley with the Philadelphia and Great Bend turnpike and opened communication with New York city by a tri-weekly stage. Passengers could then go from Providence to <^ 392 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. New York by way of Stroiidsburg in three days. The Lackawanna was first bridged here by Drinker in 1826. BUSINESS PROGRESS — POST-OFFICE. On what has since become the southwest corner of Market and Main streets, in Providence, in 1828 Messrs. Elisha S. Potter and Michael McKeal opened a country store. During the same year Mr. Potter and Nathaniel Cpttrill bought fourteen acres of the Enoch Holmes tract, which included the water privileges of that locality. Not long subsequently Mr. Cottrill purchased the interest of the late Mr. Potter, and thus controlling the whole property, in 1829 erected a grist-mill upon it. He also built a tavern, still standing and known as the Bristol House, in. 1828. In 1830 another hotel was erected in the village. The second store was on the corner opposite the Pot- ter & McKeal store, by Alexander Jeffreys, an eccentric Scotch bachelor, who filled it with such a heterogeneous stock of merchandise as has perhaps never before or since been gathered under one roof. Dr. Hollister states that "books, drugs, hard and soft ware and every con- ceivable thing from a pulpit to a pig-yoke stood upon the shelves." The drugs were sold in 1843 to Dr. Ben- jamin H. Throop. The post-office in Slociim Hollow was removed to Providence in 1829. John Vaughn, jr., was appointed postmaster. The following named gentlemen have since been postmaster of the village : Voltaire Searles, J. R. Bloom, H. Reichardt, D. S. Koon, S. Easterbrooks, H. Hollister, B. P. Couch, J. R. Bloom and H. Roberts, in the order named, the latter being the present incum- bent (1880). FIRST CHURCH LEADING CITIZENS A FLOOD. In the days of its infancy the village laid no especial claim to piety, and yel one of the first churches in the valley was planned, raised and partially completed there when the great hurricane of 1S34 blew it down and swept the rafters half a mile away. It was never re- built. During the few years succeeding 1840 Providence de- veloped an extensive country trade. Among the mer- chants then or subsequently in business there may be named James J. Clayton, John Vaughn, Bennett & Weaver, Arteraas Miller, Sylvenus Easterbrooks, Charles T. Atwater, W. W. Winton, Winton & Dunning, John Harding, William M. Champion & Co., Gardner & Couch, B. H. Throop, Kennedy & Osterhout, Silas Oster- hout, Osterhout Brothers, Samuel Wycoff, Mulley & Benjamin, Ambrose Mulley, H. B. Rockwell, Gillespie Brothers, Von Storch & Co. and Rockwell & Hurlburt. The first newspaper in the present city was established at Providence in 1845, and the last journalistic venture in the city to date was begun there in 1879. A tempo- rary check was given the growth of the viljage about 1845 by an overflowing of the Lackawanna which swept awav the dam and carried away the bridge and Jerison White's ax factory and several other buildings, causing a great destruction of property. In the summer of 1866 the street railway between Scranton and Providence was opened. CIVIL HISTORY. Providence borough was incorporated by act of As- sembly March 14th, 1849. The following were the first borough officers: J, R. Wint, burgess; W. W. Winton, S. ■ Gardner, Asa Coursen and Ira Tripp, councilmen; Fran- cis Fuller, constable; David S. Koon, justice of the peace; Theodore^ Von Storch, assessor; Jacob R. Bloom and William H, H. Crandall, inspectors of election; Nathaniel Cottrill, judge of election; and C. T. Atwater, S. Easter- brooks and D. R. Randall, school directors. The suc- ceeding burgesses were as follows: N. D. Green, 1850; A. B. Dunning, 1851, 1852; Sanford Grant, 1853; E. Leach, 1854; Theodore Von Storch, 1855-57; E. S. M. Hill, 1858; E. Leach, 1859; Daniel Silkman, i860; Theodore Von Storch, 1861, and re-elected each subse- quent year until borough elections ceased to be held on account of the incorporation of the borough with the city of Scranton. The justices of the peace commissioned in Providence borough in different years were as follows: David S. Koon, 1850; E. Leach, 1850, 1855, i860, 1865; Theo- dore Von Storch, 1854, 1859; G. W, Miller, 1865. HYDE PARK BOROUGH. The Heermans House, or '"old white tavern," has been referred to as long a place of popular resort. At this place the elections in Providence were often held be- fore the boroughs of Providence, Scranton, Hyde Park and Dunmore were formed, and it was the scene of many a fierce and exciting contest. It was the changing place and dinner station on the stage route between Wilkes- Barre and Carbondale, and after the establishment of the daily line of four-horse coaches presented a lively appear- ance about noonday. Under the proprietorship of Nor- vel D. Green, and afterward of John Merrifield and Samuel Slocum, it achieved a notable reputation as a hostelry. The second tavern built in Hyde Park was erected by Anson H. Wood in 1831, on the north corner of Main and Franklin streets, on land now own..'d by the Catholic church. It was known for many years as "the yellow tavern," and was burned in 1868. The first school-house in Hyde Park was erected in 1816 or thereabout, on the westerly corner of Main street and that upon which the public school-house is located. It served several years as a meeting-house, and Elder Richmond often held meetings there. PROGRESS OF SETTLEMENT. As late as 1820 Hyde Park had not attained to the size of a village. A blacksmith and wagon shop stood opposite the Heermans tavern. Between that and Mr. Washburn's, who came during that year, timber grew on both sides of the street; opposite Washburn's Zei^haniah Knapp lived; in the next house, below and across the way from the school-house, lived Robert Merrifield, who ^^ ^4* 4 HON. WILLIAM MERRIFIELD. •f= Hon. William Menifleld, prominently connected with the early history and growth of the Lackawanna valley, was born at Pine Plains, Dutchess county, N. T., April 23nd, 1808. His ancestry upon his mother's side were of German descent; upon his father's English. His great-grand- father, Kobert Merrifleld, was horn in England, in 1703, and emigrated with a brother or brothers to America, settling in Bhode Island. His grandfather William, an only son, was born in the latter State, in 1753, andcame with his father to Dutchess county, N. Y. He was a school teacher and continued to live in Dutchess and Columbia counties until his death, in 1836. Robert, father of William the subject of the present sketch, was born in Columbia county, in 1778; emigrated with his family to Pennsylvania in 1819, and settled in the then township of Providence, subsequently Hyde Park. Here he engaged in the business of clearing away the forest and farming. He was assisted by his son William, whose axe in boyhood helped to fell the gigantic trees that once towered where now are hundreds of human habitations. Robert Merrifleld died universally beloved, at the advanced age of nearly eighty-seven years. The education of William was limited to district schools, but his mind was sufficiently stored to enable him to teach, and for five winters he engaged in this occupation. While teaching at Wyoming he maiTied Almira, sister of the late William Swetland, and soon after engaged in the mercantile business at Centre Moreland, Luzerne county. Before going there he had been instrumental in getting a post-office established at Hyde Park, and was appointed the first postma-ster in 1831. He re- mained at Centre Moreland about one year, returned to Hyde Park, was reappointed postmaster and held the office about ten years. At the same time he erected a store building, and followed the business of a merchant almost uninteiTuptedly until 1864. He early foresaw the advantages of this section as a mining and man- ufacturing center, and in 1837 became a joint owner of the main portion of the lands where is now built the central part of Scranton. Heat once commenced operations, through correspondence and otherwise, toward calUngthe attention of capitalists to this point ; and in 1838 the tract was disposed of to Colonel George W. Scranton and others, by whose energy and perseverance It received the impetus that has made it a flourishing city. , . ,.,.,. In 1843 he was elected to the Legislature of Pennsylvania, to which he was returned for three successive terms. As a legislator he was regard- ed as a safe adviser, his opinion being frequently sought and highly respected. Besides serving on other committees he was a member of the Committee of Ways and Means ; at one session was chairman of the Committee on Banks, at another on Inland Navigation and Public Im- provements, at the time considered among the most responsible positions in the House. His struggles for the welfare of the Lackawanna valley exhibit him on the legislative records as the ablest champion ever sent from this locality. This is particularly true because of the mtriguing attempts made at that time by other sections of the State to burden the anthracite region with onerous taxation. A speech upon this question made by him during the session of 1846 was considered a masterly effort, replete with good sense and full of such a well considered array of sta- tistical information as to virtually effect the defeat of the measure. But his greatest effort was in behalf of the proposed new county of Lackawanna, the bill for which he succeeded in passing through the lower house, and was only defeated in the Senate by a tie vote. He was an earnest worker in favor of the extension of the North Branch Canal; also for the project of slackwater navigation on the Susque- hanna and Lackawanna rivers with a view of opening up the Lackawanna coal fields. He was an enthusiastic friend and supporter of the public schools of his neighborhood, and contributed liberally toward the erection of the churches. He ofli elated as school director at the time of the building of the first frame school-house in Hyde Park, and again during the construction of the more recent graded sohoolbuildlng. Hewas among the first to give an impetus to the growth of the town, by plotting his tract of land, in the central portion thereof, into village lots, subse- quently laying out another tract in the westerly part, known as " Mer- rifield's plot of lots in Keyser's valley." In 1856 he was elected associate judge of Luzerne county, serving at the time the late lamented Judge Conyngham presided, with whom he held the most pleasant relations. He had been an attentive reader of law books, and while occupying this position his general knowledge of law came well in play, as hewas called upon to hear important matters at chambers, in the disposition of which he acqullted himself with ability. In 1870 he was chosen president of the Hyde Park bank, which during his life was a flourishing' institution, enjoying the confidence of the entire community. At his death the board of directors, at a meeting called upon that occasion, unanimously passed a flattering series of resolutions, expressing their confidence in his ability and integrity, and deploring their great loss. As a politician he belonged to the old Democratic school, and was ever known as a conscientious advocate of 'purity in public affairs, his wishes always being for the welfare and prosperity of the nation. The public offices that were conferred upon him Avere given in every Instance without solicitation upon his part, and were invariably ad- ministered to the entire satisfaction of his constituents. Judge Merrifleld was emphatically the architect of his own fortune. Aside from the financial ability that had made him comfortable in his declining years, he was a ripe scholar in all that pertains to an English education. He was a profound historian and well versed in science and general literature ; indeed, he was so diligent a reader even after hav- ing passed his three score and ten that it is believed to have been the predisposing cause of bis death. On the 4th of June, 1877, after an illness of a little more than two months, he died, universally respected and mourned by the entire com- munity ; and as the solemn funeral ooi'tege passed through the princi- pal street business was entirely suspended as a token of respect to his memory. There were few men who possessed more fully the entire confidence of acquaintances, his chief characteristics being those of honesty and integrity and a conscientious discharge of all duties entrusted to him. Not a breath of stfspicion ever tainted his character, and he 'will long be remembered for his manly virtues and kindness of heart. It was in the home circle, around his own fireside, that his intelligence and good- ness shone pre-eminently, and made the father and husband the idol of his home. His life presents a record which proves conclusively that the right road to success in Ufe is that of unceasing labor and undevlat- ing integrity. ^ COLONEL W. N. MONIES. Scotland has contributed many an active brain to the development of American resources, but none more active, earnest, or industrious than that of William N. Monies. Nurtured in an atmosphere that g-ave to the world a Sir Walter Scott, a Rohert Burns and a Thomas Carlyle, his mature seems to have imbibed the imagery of the author of Kenilworth, the -warm-heartedness of the *' Bard of Ayr,*' and the common sense of the admirer of Fi-ederick the Great, together with his hearty detesta- tion of shams. At this time of writing, in the year 1880, when he stands in the vigor and pi-irae of life, one would hardly think that the possessor of such a robust manhood and genial nature had such an eventful history. There are few men who, having passed through so many dangers, borue -so many afflic- tions, encountered such a series of rev- erses and successes, can, with William N. Monies, " look back and smile at perils past." Yet, despite his checkered career, attrition with fife's battles seems to have brought out the brighter qual- ities of his nature and given them an added lustre instead of wearing them out as is the case with the majority of men. William N. Monies was born in the village of New Dailly, Ayrshire, Scot- land, on the 10th of May, 1837 ; attended the village school at the age of four, and was apprenticed to a baker at ten years of age. His young mind gave evidence of early development. His school days were full of earnest work, and fore- shadowed the activity which has ever since characterize'! an unusually busy life. At 'the age of eighteen he began business on his own responsibility in the town of Dalmelington, in his native shire, and carried it on successfully for two years. His ambition and inherent love for a wider sphere of action natu- rally prompted him to turn his thoughts toward the United States, and he came to this country in 1849. His wife, Mary Kirk, crowed the ocean in the same ship with him, and the young lovers crowned their romantic trip by being united in marriage on their arrival in Carbondale, Pa. On settling in Carbondale Mr. Monies obtained employment with Andrew Law at his trade as a baker, earning $G a week, and worked there for six months. At the end of that time he started business on his own responsibility in the same town, and carried it on until 1853; when, becoming interested in the gold discoveries of California, his natural love for adventure led him to organize an expedition by the overland route to the rich region toward which so many were hurry- ing. All the sailing vessels found the voyage a tedious and highly per- ilous one at that time. It rcciuired no small share of courage in those days to rlave the dangei-s of a .iourney of such magnitude and involving so many hazards and hardships, Yetthe indomitable pluck and hero- ism of Mr. Monies led him to get together his hardy little band of eight- een and prepare for the journey. When everything was in readiness for the start so gloomy did the outlook appear that the expedition was abandoned by all his companions with the exception of live, and with these he started out for the land of gold. The entire population of Car- bondale turned out to wish the little party God speed on their danger- ous and supposed foolhardy journey. The gold hunters proceeded to Great Bend, the nearest railwuy station, by Morrison's team, and then took passage on an emigrant train to Dunkirk, N. Y., whence they crossed Lake Erie in a somewhat jirimitive boat, such as was then in use. Then iiroceuding by the Michigan Central to Chicago, they took a canal boat to La Salle and went by steam to St. Louis. From this point they jonrneyd by boat on the Missouri river to St. Joseph. Hei'C they remained a tew dsiys in a log cabin preparing for the roughest part of the journoy. I'hcy purchased twelve oxen and two wagons, loaded their traps, laid in provisions, and struck out through the Indian country now known as Nebraska. The journey lasted five months and four days, leading through a wild and desolate region. The history of this adventure alone would fill a volume with hairbreadth escapes and incidents of a thrilling character. Suffice it to say that 1-hc party arrived in California almost devoid of clothing, footsore, hungry, yet full of hope. Three hundred milRs before reach- ing California the piirty was out of provisions, and managed itself as best it could by trading and giving such assistiuice as it could to others found in distress by the way. On reaching California Mr. Monies obtained employment at his trade, receiving $5 a day, and continued to ■ work at it a year, after which he engaged in Hver-mining for gold. Here he invested h'" savings in the construction of flumes and dams, which were no soo ^r completed than they were swept away by a freshet. Thus the p. ject in which his earnings and energies were con- centrated was suddenly annihilated, and he was once more penniless. This incident broke up the party. By the aid of somefriends Mr. Monies was enabled to take the contract for a hotel, and in a few mouths elenred $1,100. The desire to see his wife then caused him to turn his thoughts homesvard, and he returned to Carbondale, where he received an en- thusiastic welcome. . After remaining at home a few weeks he went back to California, once more engaging as a baker on the steam- ship "Yankee Blade." In these two adventures occurred the greatest struggles of his life, but he rose triumphant above all adversities and came through the ordeal unscathed. On reaching California the second time the subject of our sketch started a bakery and boarding-house in the gold region, and in less than a year and a half secured a handsome competency. He then sold out his busi- ness and returned to Pennsylvania. When he reached Carbont3aIe he en- gaged in business, and had considerable success. The spring following bis re- turn he was elected poormaster of the city, and three years later he went into the milling business at Pi'ovidence— now a part of the city of Scranton— with Joseph Gillespie. This was in 1858. In 1859 he was elected burgess of the bor- ough of Providence, and in 1860, feeling desirous of seeing his native land, he returned to Scotland on a visit to the scenes of his childhood. After a short absence he returned and in the spring of 1862, when the civil war was raging, his heart beat in sympathy with the cause of the Union, and he organized a company in less than three days. Has- tening to Hari*lsburg, he was appointed captain of Company B I3ath Pennsyl- vania volunteers. The enlistment was for nine months' service,' but eleven months elapsed before Captain Monies's company was mustered out, after hav- ing engaged in the stormy struggles of Antietam, Fredericksburg, ChauccUors- ville and many exciting skirmishes. He then came back to the " music of the mill." The war still raged, and the life of the Republic was threatened. Gover- nor Curtin called for volunteers to de- fend the State. In twenty-four hours after the famous proclamation was issued Captain Monies was in Harris- burg with 13(j men, offering his sword and his services once more to his coun- try. He had the distinguished honor of being the first to respond to the call of the war governor. The morning after his arrival at the State capital men began to pour In from all parts of Pennsylvania, and by the recommenda- tion of the governor and adjutant general at a meeting of the officers Captain Monies was elected colonel of a regiment. The regiment was at once formed, and numbered the 30th Pennsylvania volunteers, after- wards known as the "Monies Tigers." At the skirmishes of Oyster Point and Carlisle the "Tigers" rendered effective service, for which they received the thanks of the governor. In about three months the emergency that called the regiment into existence culminated at Gettys- burg, and Colonel Monies returned to the peaceful pursuit of milling, which he carried on with his characteristic energj\ In 1865 he pur- chased the bakery of Mr. Charles Schlager, corner of Lackawanna and Washington avenues, Scranton. At that time he disposed of his interest in the mill to his son-in-law, Mr. John B. Gillespie, and formed a part> nership in the baking business with Mr. Lewis Pughe, under the "firm name Monies & Pughe, which still exists. In the year 1860 he was elected Mayor of the city of Scranton for three years, an honor all the greater considering the fact that he was a Republican and the city had a Democratic majority of 1,200. He served as mayor with great credit during one of the most trying periods of the city's history, growing out of the labor troubles. Meanwhile he con- tinued his business and engaaed with his partner and others in the pur- chase of large tracts of coal lands, realizing handsome profit from the investment. In 1874 he again visited his native couuti-y, and made a tour of the continent. His love of enterprise had previously led him, in company with several others, into the purchase of a foundry- at Pitts- ton, which has grown rapidly and at this writing is one of the largest and bestequipped stove foundries in Pennsylvania, Colonel Monies being president of the company. The tlrm Monies & Pughe has also invested largely in silver mines in the celebrated San .Inan country. Colorado. Colonel Monies went in person to examine and locate them. The trip was made in company with Governor Hoyt.of Pennsjlvania, and others, and several members of the party were severely injured by the upset- ting of the coach and the running away of the horses in cros.sing the mountains, In the forty-years fight for the creation of the new county or Lackawanna from a portion of Luzernt* Colonel Monies was an active participant from time to time, and when the new county act wasfinally passed he wits appointed the first treasurer of the countv. His manage- ment of its financial affairs was signalized bv honesty and elhciency, and at the close of his oifice his accounts with the State department were settled to the cent. Subsequentlv he was nominated for the same office by the Republican party, and elected by a handsome vote. The Supreme Court of the State decided that there was no election at the time, and his appointment continued over the term. It was fortunate for the new coimty to have a man of such sterling worth for its first financial office. His books were admirably kept, and his accounts with Stateandcountyclosedsatisfactorily onthelastday of his term, thus settmg a noblo example for his successors in office. After settling up his affairs .as treasurer of Lackawanna county he took an extended tour in 1880 through Scotland, England and Ireland, and his impressions of the trip, which have found their way into print, are decidedly interests ing and original. Colonel Monies is now actively engaged in pushing forward his numerous business enterprises. He is well known and highly esteemed not only m the Wyoming and Lackawanna valleys but throughout Pennsylvania, and even beyond the borders of the keystone State. He is regarded by hosts of friends as a social, pleasant gentleman. He is In the fullest sense a public-spirited, representative man, who has won his way through "iron fortune" to a position of competency and esteem. But success has not spoiled him, for his warm heart and generous disposition still stamp him aa one of Nature's noblemen. Hh 4. THE FOUNDERS OF HYDE PARK. 393 came in 1819. Just below lived old " Squire " Joseph Fellows and his sons Benjamin and Henry. Above the tavern or the right hand side of the road, about half way between Jackson and Franklin streets, was a dwelling house; the Bishop house had been destroyed by fire. Farther up were the homes of Preserved Taylor and Holden Tripp; and there may have been one or two other families in the neighborhood. Shortly after this period Philip Heermans, with the assent of his brother- in-law Joseph Fellows, who resided in Albany, laid out a few lots of about ten acres each, which measure maybe said to have marked the-commencement of the village. It received a name between 1825 and 1830. Harvey Chase, who came from Hyde Park, Dutchess county, N. Y., lettered the name " Hyde Park " on aboard and stuck it up in the yard of one of the neighbors, from which time the village was known by that name. THE POST-OFFICE EARLY STORE. July 14th, 1832, a post-office was established under the now well known name, and William Merrifield was ap- pointed postmaster. Previously there had been a post- office at Slocum's, on the Scranton side of the river, but it had now been abandoned, and the postmaster was directed to receive the papers and key to the mail pouch from Pittston. The appointment was resigned shortly after, and Robert Merrifield was commissioned, under date of August 9th, 1832. William Merrifield was reappointed June 5th, 1834, and held the office about nine years. The first store was erected in 1833 by William Merrifield, the old building yet standing on Main street opposite the Methodist church. The Judge Merrifield residence was built about the same time. Prior to that Charles Atwater had kept a few goods for sale, occupying a dwelling house near where the McKeever block now stands; but practi- cally Merrifield's was the pioneer mercantile establish- ment in the place. The second store was built by David Benedict about 1836, where the McGarrah block now stands. Here he conducted business for a year or two, when he moved down to the Fellows corners. There he was succeeded by William Blackman & O. P. Clark. This was about 1840, when the village contained, besides the church and school-house, two stores, two taverns, two blacksmith and wagon shops, a cabinet and one or two shoemaking establishments, and not more than twenty dwellings. MEN OF ENTERPRISE. April 4th, 1833, Calvin Washburn donated the land on the north corner of Main and the street leading to the school building, where was built the first meeting house. It was generally recognized as belonging to the "Christian " church, but other denominations were per- mitted to worship in it. Rev. Wm. Lane, a noted and able " Christian " preacher, was at one time the regular occupant of the pulpit, but did not remain longer than two years. Rev. William K. Mott was an early settler in Hyde Park, and preached in this church most of the time during its occupancy. Dr. Silas B. Robinson at first settled in Hyde Park, living on the easterly side of Main street, about midway between Troy street and Lackawanna avenue. Here he remained about ten years, when he moved a mile and a half up the road toward Providence village. From that time there was no resident physician until Dr. Pier came in 1846. Charles H. Silkman, subsequently a noted lawyer and politician, came about 1835, and shortly after married the daughter of Holden Tripp. At this time the value of the coal deposits was little appreciated, all the lands about having no money value other than for farming purposes. Silkman and William Merrifield devoted a great deal of their leisure time, by correspondence and otherwise, towards drawing attention to the great wealth buried underneath the valley, and the advantages existing at and near this section for manufacturing. In 1838 Mr. Merrifield, William Ricketson and Zenas Albro became the purchasers of the site of the iron works and the largest portion of Scranton proper. The development of this property by the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Com- pany, to the pioneers of which it was sold by the gentle- men named, is the realization of their hopes for the future of the locality. From the time of that transaction Hyde Park improved slowly; but it was not until the northern division of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad was commenced that the village in- creased in size and population with much rapidity. In 1850 William Merrifield and B. S. Tripp, who owned adjoining lands, embracing nearly all the property lying between Main and Wyoming streets east and west and Jackson street and Lackawanna avenue north and south, laid them out into village lots, most of which were readily sold. Mr. Merrifield prevailed upon his brother-in-law, William Swetland, who was the owner of the Mount Pleasant colliery property, to lay out a portion of the same in lots in 1852, from which time the growth of the place has been steady and rapid. Edmund Heermans was an active and earnest worker for the benefit of Hyde Park; he it was that induced his uncle Joseph Fellows to plot that body of land embracing nearly all the south- ern portion of the town, and he made extensive improve- ments which had a tendency to facilitate its progress. Similar measures on a more or less liberal scale were projected by W. W. Winton at a later date. The popu- lation of Hyde Park is made up partially of Ameri- cans, Irish and Germans, but mostly of Welsh; indeed, the latter people have given the place a distinctive char- acteristic. By their prudence, exemplary conduct and general intelligence they have done much to add to its welfare and prosperity. CIVIL HISTORY. The borough of Hyde Park was incorporated May 4th, 1852. Judge William Merrifield was the first burgess and probably served two years. According to the records of the borough Josejih Fellows was elected to that posi- tion in 1854 and re-elected in 1855 and 1856. His suc- cessors have been as follows: 1857, William Smith; 1858, y- <^ *^^ 394 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. Joseph Fellows 2nd; 1859, i860, 1864 74, E. Heermans; 1861, Joseph T. Fellows; 1875-79, A. B. Stevens. Owing to unsettled local business the borough organization of Hyde Park is continued, though the territory embraced within its limits is incorporated with the city of Scranton. As soon as the outstanding business is adjusted borough elections will be discontinued. The following named persons were commissioned as justices of the peace in Hyde Park borough from the date of its incorporation to that of its inclusion in the city: William Pier, 1853; William P. Stephens, 1854; Sheffield Reynolds, 1857; C. H. Wells, 1858; Hirara Stark, 1862; S. Reynolds, 1863. THE BOROUGH OF SCRANTON. The beginning and growth of the village among the hills which afterwards became known as the borough of Scranton were coincident with the inception and pro- gress of the successive enterprises which culminated in the formation of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Com- pany. At the time Messrs. Scrantons, Grant & Co. began their initial operations at the Hollow there were only five dwellings, a cooper shop,- a school-house, a saw-mill and a grist-mill there. These and the debris of the old forge constituted all that then existed of the sub- sequent important borough of Scranton; and within the present city limits and those of Dunmore borough there were only two stores, two taverns and twenty-eight dwel- lings. Gradually after the iron works were established there sprung into existence near by a rude- row of houses on either side of an equally rough and unsightly road- way extending from the site of the Adams Avenue Meth- odist church to the entrance of the railway tunnel near the Lehigh and Susquehanna depot; which from the fact, it is said, that the women living along it often appeared outside their doors in groups all clad in their home-made petticoats, each of which was very like all the others, which with only one other garment from the waist to the shoulders completed, so far as was observable, the cos- tume of each, came to be called " Petticoat Alley." The course of this early street was nearly coincident with a portion of that of the present Lackawanna avenue. VILLAGE NAMES THE POST-OFFICE. The village had a population of loo in 1840, and was laid out on a circumscribed scale in 1841 by Captain Stott, a Carbondale civil engineer. William Henry, whose sterling perseverance had sowed the seeds of progress at the Hollow, was deeply interested in the election of William Henry Harrison to the presidency of the United States, and in honor of his favorite candi- date he gave the embryo city the name of Harrison in 1845, at which time the population was 500. The people were not ready to adopt it and the old name of Slocum Hollow still clung to the locality, even after it had at- tained a population of 2,730 and been rechristened in honor of its active founders Scrantonia; which name likewise, did not fit nicely to the lingual capacities of *iV the denizens of the Hollow, although it had been given to the post-office upon its re-establishment, after much difficulty had been overcome, April ist, 1850. The postmaster was Mr. John W. Moore, for many years a merchant and now a retired resident of Scranton. Mr. J. C. Piatt received the first letter and the first newspaper through the office. January 27th, 185 1, the name of the post-office was shortened to Scranton; and so the borough and city have justly been known since. Postmasters since Mr. Moore have been appointed as follows: Joel Amsden and B. H. Throop, 1853; L. S. Fuller, 1857; D. H. Jay, 1861; William H. Pier, 1865; James S. Slocum, 1869; J. A. Scranton, 1876. The post-office was opened in 1850 in a building near the iron works. It was removed to Amsden's block early in 1853, and soon afterward to a building which stood on the ground now occupied by the tobacco house of Messrs. Clark & Snover. In 1855 it was removed to Fuller's drug store; in 1857 to the cor- ner of Wyoming avenue and Center street; in July of the same year to Fuller's drug store; in 1861 to a building on the site of the First National Bank; in 1864 to a building on the site of 310 Lackawanna avenue; in 1865 to the corner of Center street and Penn avenue; and in 1871 to its present location on Wyoming avenue. GENERAL PROGRESS. The road between Scranton and Providence is one of the oldest highways within the city limits. It formerly ran by way of the Presbyterian church to the locality of the Forest House stables, across the lower outlet of the swamp, diagonally to the present course of the city streets. Penn avenue was cut out after Lackawanna avenue was opened, and it is said that the stumps were visible in the street for years. Ten years after the first circumscribed survey of the village, as it then was, by Captain Stott, another and a more extensive survey (which was afterward adopted by the borough authorities as the survey of the borough) was made by Joel Amsden, under direction of Mr. J. C. Piatt, of the firm of Scran- tons & Piatt, proprietors of the site of the village, in 1850-51; and to the foresight of Mr. Piatt and the able judgment of Mr. Amsden must credit be given for the width and regular arrangement of the streets. The first sale of lots was effected in the fall of 1851 to Messrs. Grant, Champin & Chase, who purchased two lots on the north corner of Wyoming and Lackawanna avenues for $2,000. The first brick building of any importance erected in Scranton was the Wyoming House, which was justly re- garded as the boldest architectural attempt in the valley. Says Mr. Clark: " The spirit of the Iron and Coal Company exhibited its daring- and its faith in the future of the young city when, in 1850, it planted in the for- est the largest hotel outside of the great cities of that day. During the same year Messrs. Grant, Champin & Chase erected a brioli structure on the corner opposite, now used as a wholesale clothing store by Messrs. Cramer & Goldsmith. About the same time the corner below, now linown as the Coyne House, was finished by Mr. Lewis. The next buildmg m the block was the one which to-day is the lowest one in the row, occupied by Jonas Lauer as a clothing store. Before these had been built Dr. Throop had erected a small house in the pines, on the lo- cation recently occupied by Kent's mai-ket. Where Doud's hardware ^¥ *T 7=*= < = EARLY STORES AND RESIDENCES IN SCRANTON— GREEN RIDGE. 395 store now stands tbere commenced a row of one-story frame houses, extending up nearly to the residence of Colonel George W. Scranton, now occupied by his son-in-law, Mr. G. A. Fuller." The Amsden block, as the wooden structure at the corner of Lackawanna and Washington avenues came to be known afterwards, was erected in 1851 and 1852, and occupied during the latter year, the rear portion as a dwelling by Joel Amsden, the proprietor, and three small stores in front by lessees. In the corner store was opened in 1853 the first book-store in Scranton, by Mr. Amsden and Dr. Leavitt. The adjoining building up the street was erected a little later by Jacob Lehman, who lived in the back part and rented the front as a gro- cery. The other structures now constituting the row were built soon afterwards. The pioneer drug store was erected by Dr. B. H. Throop, where Clark & Snover's tobacco establishment now stands. The store was kept a short time by Doctors Throop and Sherrerd, and was sold to Messrs. L. S. & E. C. Fuller, who are well-known dealers in the same line to-day. The next year after the erection of the Wyoming House Simon Jones put up in the woods the first house on Penn avenue, at the corner of Spruce street. The pioneer on Mifflin avenue was Mr. Dotterer, and on one occasion, when the woods in that locality were burning, the people had to turn out and fight the fire in order to save his house from destruction. W. N. Jenks's gothic cottage at the corner of Wyoming avenue and Spruce street was built in 1854. A brick store was opened at the corner of Lackawanna and Wash- ington avenues by Charles Schlager, January 9th, 1856. July nth, 1857, J. C. Piatt's house, on Ridge row and Jefferson avenue, was completed and occupied, two days after that of C. F. Mattes on Jefferson avenue. The res- idence of W. W. Manness, on the same avenue, was com- pleted and occupied December 4th, 1856. Mr. Manness's was the first, and Mr. Mattes's the second family on that street. The residence of James Archbald, on Ridge row, was occupied August 8th, 1857. A building known as Tewksbury's brick block was erected in 1857 at the south corner of Lackawanna and Adams avenues. The resi- dence of Joseph Slocum was built in 1859. These resi- dences have been mentioned because they were the first in their respective localities, or are entitled to attention on account of their cost and elegance. The residence of the late Joseph H. Scranton was erected in 1867 and 1868. GREEN RIDGE. The residence of Elisha Hitchcock in 1840, and for some years afterward, was at what is now the east corner of Monroe avenue and Linden street, on the old road to Dunmore. To Hon. George Sanderson is due much credit for opening a not inconsiderable portion of the present city. Mr. Sanderson, while in the Senate of 1853, made the acquaintance of Colonel George W. Scranton, at whose solicitation he visited Scranton for the first time in 1854, and again in 1855; and in April of that year he bought the Hitchcock farm, of about 220 acres. He gave $65,000, and sold an undivided half a few weeks later for that sum. In 1856 he became a permanent res- ident. He began to lay out streets, and opened Wash- ington, Adams and Wyoming avenues from Spruce street to Vine. This part of Scranton is one of the wealthiest in the city in aggregated capital, is marked by many fine residences, and is known locally as Sanderson's Hill. Here he erected for his own use the residence now owned by James Blair, and near by several others, and he do- nated for the public use the lots on which the central school building stands. He next purchased that portion of the city now known as Green Ridge, and surveyed it into large lots suitable for sites for costly residences, and it has become one of the most attractive parts of the city. Two well-known natural features of the city topogra- phy have disappeared. Reference is made to the "lily ~pond" or swamp in the centre of Scranton, surrounded by Spruce street, Wyoming avenue, Linden street and Adams avenue, and the rock which reared itself some twelve or fifteen feet at the intersection of Jefferson and Lackawanna avenues and Ridge row. Adams avenue was graded across the swamp early in the summer of 1857 and was then first passable there. In January, 1858, the work of grading Washington avenue across the swamp was begun. A large portion of the swamp has since been graded up to a level with the surrounding land, by the use of ashes and other refuse from the iron rolling- mill, conveyed to the locality by a tunnel cut through a vein of coal for that purpose, which terminated at the corner of Bank and Linden streets, and which, having served its purpose, is now (1880) being closed. The gra- ding of the rock was begun June 24th, 1861, by the uni- ted efforts of the borough authorities, the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company and the Odd Fellows' Hall As- sociation. The work was continued from time to time until February 5th, 1867, when the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company removed the last of the rock, which had filled nearly all of the triangle formed by the junc- tion of the three streets mentioned. Much of the rock was used by the city authorities in grading and in other- wise improving portions of the city. The grading of Ridge row by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company was finished August 10th, 1861, the rock being used as ballast. The grading of Bank street was begun December 4th, 1857. Linden street was staked out from Madison to Monroe avenue in April, 1858. The next year the first bridge over Roaring brook and one over the tail race of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company's foundry were built, affording communication between the center of the borough and Slocum Flats by way of Washington avenue. Later, bridge communication between Scranton and Hyde Park was established. BUSINESS MEN OF SCRANTON BOROUGH. Early in December, 1852, the following named firms and individuals had stores in Scranton; Scrantons & Piatt, near the blast furnaces; Champin & Chase, Lack- awanna and Washington avenues; Hawley & Barton, where No. 505 Lackawanna avenue now is; T. F. Hunt, <^ ^ ^N 396 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. (JH^-t opened) on Lackawanna avenue; Diirfee, late Diirfee & Wel;;h, on the Flats; S. W. Thompson (t). H. Throop, drugs, Lackawanna avenue and Mattes street, near what is now (t88o) the south corner of Lack- awanna and Adams avenues; Dr. Sherrerd, drugs, Lack- awanna and Washington avenues; and five or six insig- nificant groceries. At the same time the following med- ical men were located in the village: Drs. B. H. Throop, W. H. Pier, J. E. Leavett, C. Gorman, George W. Masser, and a German, lately from Wisconsin; and T. J. Folsom and Pierce, dentists. The razing of Dr. Sherreril's drug store, above men- tioned, a three-story brick building at the corner of Lack- awanna and Washington avenues, early in 1880, for the l)urpose of replacing it with one better adapted for mer- cantile use, suggested the following reminiscences, which appeared in the Da/Iy Republican of March 9th, 1S80: " It was the third brick building erected on Lacka- wanna avenue, the Wyoming House and the store opposite it on Wyoming and Lackawanna avenues being the two Rrst. The building, originally a drug store and dwelling, was an enterprise of Dr. John B. Sherrerd; was occupied by him until his death, and still belongs to his heirs. It was built in 1851 and 1852. * * * In its third story, now crumbling under the destroying hand of the artisan, was the first select school of the then scattered village, and from its second story for years hung the banner of our first daguerrean. * * * In its day it was a pre- tentious structure, and even at this time, in its exterior appearance, compares favorably with all but the most modern fronts on the avenue." The following business directory is said to include the names of all those engaged in business in the borough in 1857: lAtffUmwnwa Iron ami Goal C'tmiiauij's it^fTwitds and principal ewphines: Selden T. Scran ton, president; Joseph H. Scranton, general superintend- ent; James Hunter Piiinney, secretary; J. C. Piatt, real estate agent; C. G.Saxon, booklieeper; E. P. King*sl)ury, casliier; C. F. Mattes, superin- tendent of .furnaces; J. M. Davis, time lieeper of furnaces; W. H. Piatt, time keeper of rolfine: mill; Simon Jones, foreman of foundry; Abner Tisdel, machinist; David Majoi-, boiler malier; G. S. Schott, bookkeeper; B. F. Henry and John Ward, carpenters; John Bawin, blacksmith; Dan- iel Williams, heater in rolling: mills; A. H. Coursen, clerk; Charles Fuller, general time keeper. QlUciahi and ]niiicipal cmphitjcs nf the Delau^arc, Xiachawanna and Western Railnxtd : John Brisbin, superintendent ; James Archbald, general agent; William N. Jenks, general ticket agent; R. A. Henr.v, general freight agent ; James J. Albright, general coal agent; F. J. Leavenworth, paymaster; Watts Cook, master mechanic ; H. L. Marvine, manager of machine shops; John Grier, engineer of ma- chine shops; A. Frothingham, extra conductor; J. Anisden, resident engineer; A. W. Rogers and G. H. Wilson, superiutendent and conduc- tor Lackawanna and Bloomsburg Railroad. Scrantnn Bitller and Ma- chine Shop ; Dickson & Co., C. T. Paison. Planinu Mill a/id Car Faetnn/: R. A. Oakford, E. H. Kerlin and B. Goodshall. 1-hitcU : Wyoming House, S. Bristol proprietor; Mansion House. J. W. Humphrey; Eagle Hotel, F. Lecher; Franklin Hotel, F. Weichel; Washington Hotel, A. Fasold. Attornem : Lathrope & Jones, E. N. Willard, Daniel Rankin (Providence). P/i//sic/an«; William E. Rogers, George AV. Masser, A. P. Jleylert, R. A. Squire, J. Sullivan. Dcntintn: W. A. Chittenden, P. C. Morgan. Dri((/(/is(.i: L. S. & E. C. Fuller, George B. Boyd. Real estate dealers: George Sanderson, Lathrope & Jones, Michael Meylert, Richard Drinker. Banken : Mason, Meylert & Co., George Sanderson & Co. (James C. Wright clerk). Decderii in drij durjrte and grimerlca: Doubleday & Dunham, Hawley & Barton, Lewis Lewis, L Scott, W. 0. Kiser, Phln- ney & Sehott, Joseph Chase, A. C. Fetherman, J. W. Brock. Birney & Co., M. M. Grady. Dcalern in Im/rdimre. .i:.Halis.i'ina ji a.^r.^j, s: It : <^ SCRANTON BOARD OF TRADE— CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. 399 had served as president: Elisha Phinney, 1863, 1869; Lewis Pughe, 1870, 1871 ; secretaries — Lewis Pughe, 1868; F. L. Hitchcock, i86g; Walter W. Winton, 1870; F. L. Hitchcock, 1871. January ist, 1872, the following officers were elected: George Fisher, president; T. F. Hunt, vice-president; F. L. Hitchcock, secretary; G. A. Fuller, treasurer. The successive presidents since that time have been: George Fisher, re-elected, 1873, 1874; G. A. Fuller, 1875, 1876; Lewis Pughe, 1877-80. F. L. Hitchcock was re-elected secretary in 1873. His suc- cessors have been as follows: H. A. Vail, 1874; E. L. Fuller, 1875; A. D. Holland, 1876-78 (resigning in March of the latter year); I. F. Fuller, 1878, 1879; John B. Owens, 1880. The officers not mentioned above, elected for 1880, were: Vice-president, R. W. Luce; treasurer, A. W. Dickson ; assistant secretary, J. M. Hunt. Messrs. G. A. Fuller, William H. Perkins and William Conn ell are the trustees. The following are the names of members of the Board of Trade representing individual interests: C. E. Chit- tenden, H A. Coursen, George Fisher, G. W. Fritz, A. G. Gilmore, J. M. Hunt, N. A. Hulbert, C. J. Johnson, J. Kemerer, Thomas Lucas, F. E. Nettleton, M. Norton, L. B. Powell, Joseph Chase and W. T. Smith. The fol- lowing members represent the firms or corporations men- tioned in connection with their names: ■William H. Allen, Allen & Powell; Henry Battin, Connell & Battin; William Connell, Alexander Connell; A. H. Coursen, A. H. & B. G. Cour- sen ; M. H. Dale, Dale & Co.; A. M. Decker, Stowers Pork Packing Com- pany; A. W. Dickson, Weston Mill Company, limited ; E. A. Forrester, Forrester Brothers ; G. A. Fuller, G. A. Fuller & Co.; B. L. Fuller, Hunt Brothers & Co., limited ; E. C. Fuller, L. S. & B. C. Fuller ; M. Goldsmith, Goldsmith Brothers; J. H. Gunster, Scranton City Bank; B. A. Hill, Hill & Keiser ; S. P. Hull, G. M. Hull & Co. ; A. D. Holland, H. & A. D. Holland; C. F. Jones, Jones Brothers ; B. E. Leonard, Leonard Brothers; K. M. Lindsay, Lindsay & Liddie; R. W. Luce, C. G. Courtrig-ht & Co.; T. J. Luce, Luce & Shoemaker ; E. J. Matthe'. 3, Matthews Brothers ; M. Maloney, Maloney Manufacturing' and Gas Light Company; Lewis Pughe, Monies & Pughe; J. A. Price, Scranton Stove Works; C. E. Pryor, Pryor & Tliompson ; W. H. Perkins, Dickson Manufacturing Company, Simon Rice, Simon Rice & Brother; W. H. Richmond, Elk Hill Iron and Coal Company; J. H. SteUe, Beadle & Stelle; D. Silkman, Silkman, Winton & Co.; T. C. Snover, Clark & Snover; T. G. Smith, Smith & Clearwater. The board of trade has one honorary member, Mr. J. C. Piatt, who was early and has been long identified with the mercantile and commercial interests of the Lacka- wanna valley. In addition to the usual objects the Scranton Board of Trade has a distinctive benefit in a commercial agency department, which is attached to the institution under charge of the secretary, which is confined to the use of the members of the board, its operation and influ- ence covering the territory canvassed by the wholesale dealers. The Board of Health. This board consists of five members, including the mayor, who acts as president ex officio. The first board was elected June ist, 1878, two members being chosen for one year and two for two years. The term of office is two years. June nth, 1878, the board met, with the mayor as chairman, and perfected the organization, with George B. Boyd, M. D., as health officer, and George B. Foster as secretary, and necessary committees. The books were opened October ist for the collection of sta- tistics relating to the sanitary condition of the city, em- bracing a record of marriages, births and deaths; also the licensing of persons to act as scavengers, and the keep- ing of complaint books. Home for the Friendless. In response to a call from the members of the Young Men's Christian Association of Scranton, a public meet- ing of ladies was held September 27th, 1871, at the rooms of that society to Inaugurate a movement in behalf of friendless women and children of the city. A house con- taining eight rooms, at the corner of Franklin avenue and Linden street, had been leased temporarily and partially furnished and fitted up with money provided by the city poor directors. Seven women and nine children had been admitted. A committee of ten ladies was chosen to take preliminary steps for the organization of a society for a home for the friendless. October 4th, at a public meeting, a constitution was adopted and fifty ladies signed it and paid the yearly dues ($3); three, by the payment of $50 each, became life members. Officers were elected as follows: Mrs. C. H. Doud, president; Mrs. Thomas Moore and Mrs. C. F. Mattes, vice-presidents; Mrs. Wil- liam Brock, corresponding secretary; Mrs. L. B. Powell, recording secretary; Mrs. H. B. Rockwell, treasurer. In the following April the Home was removed to a house near the corner of Jefferson avenue and Linden street. October 26th, 1873, " the Society of the Home for Friendless Women and Children of the City of Scran- ton " was chartered. Some lots on Adams avenue were secured, on which a commodious, substantial and conven- iently arranged building was erected in 1874 at a cost of a little over f8,ooo. This institution is now in a flourishing condition financially. The number of inmates, June 15th, 1879, was thirty-seven, of whom sixteen were male children, eighteen female children and three adults. The officers elected for 1879 were: Mrs. H. S. Pierce, president; Mrs. James Blair, vice-president; Mrs. Thomas Moore, chief manager; Mrs. H. F. Warren, recording secretary; Mrs. C. P. Matthews, corresponding secretary; Mrs. G. L. Dickson, treasurer; Mrs. Helen Owen, matron. The Lackawanna Hospital. An act approved May 18th, 1871, incorporated William N. Monies, John B. Smith, William F. Hall- stead, B. H. Throop, R. A. Squire, A. Davis, E. C. Fuller, William Merrifield, Henry Griffin, Charles Doud and W. W. Winton, and their associates and successors, under the title of the Lackawanna Hospital of Scranton, Penn- sylvania. The following named persons constituted the first board of directors: Col. William N. Monies, Hon. John B. Smith, William F. Hallstead, B. H. Throop, M. D., R. A. Squire, M. D., A. Davis, M. D., E. C. Fuller, Wil- liam Merrifield, Henry Griffin, Charles Doud and W. W. Winton. A building on Franklin avenue was secured and opened as a hospital. It is a brick structure 40 by 60 feet and three stories high, standing on a pleasant lot 120 by 160 *ih f =^^ 400 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. feet, and has accommodations for fifty patients. The hos- pital has been constantly open since this time, and the fol- lowing summary of the number of patients treated will afford an idea of the amount of work it has accomplished for the cause of humanity during its brief career: From January, 1872, to January, 1875, ward patients, 225, dis- pensary patients 211; 1875, ward patients 85, dispen- sary patients 480; 1876, ward patients 1 11, dispensary patients 531; 1877, ward patients 89, dispensary patients 621; 1878, ward patients 144, dispensary patients 1,636; total to January, 1880, 6,524 patients treated. Three appropriations from the State have been re- ceived, amounting to $35,000. The officers of the hos- pital are (January ist, 1880): Thomas Phillips, presi- dent; James Ruthven, secretary; E. C. Fuller, treas- urer; James O. Brown, steward; D. N. Green, J. C. Piatt, James Ruthven, Nicholas Washburn and Thomas Phillips, executive committee; Hon. Alfred Hand, Rev. Moses Whitty, J. C. Piatt, D. N. Green, James Ruthven, Thomas Phillips, Nicholas Washburn, E. C. Fuller and William Connell, directors. Doctors William H. Heath, J. W. Gibbs, L. H. Gibbs, William F. Pier, J. E. O'Brien and William H. Pier constitute the medical staff. Public Education. In 181 2 a large tract was donated by the original pro- prietors of Providence township for educational purposes, but owing to protracted litigation between the boards of the different school districts of this city the proceeds of the grant have afforded very little benefit to the cause of education. The cause of public education in Scranton has ad- vanced in proportion to everything else in this city of al- most mushroom growth. The school districts belonging to Providence, Hyde Park and Scranton boroughs were under entirely distinct and separate managements from the time of their establishment until 1877, when, by the adoption of the new charter, making Scranton a city of the third class, the different school districts were consol- idated. In 1818 the first school-house in Providence township was erected a short distance from the Holmes house; it is still standing, though not used for educational purposes. Before the erection of this building the chil- dren were instructed in private houses, and during the summer time often in the open air under the shade of a tree. During 1834 another school building was erected in the township, and was known as the Bell school-house, from its having the first bell in the valley. On account of a political strife arising between the Whigs and the Democrats a third school-house was erected in 1836 on the opposite side of the Lackawanna river, in which sev- eral well known persons have taught, including the late Judge Ketchum, D. R. Randall, Ann Stephens and W.W. Winton. At the time of the consolidation of the school districts in 1877 the Providence district, in connection with the second school district, contained nine school buildings, six of which were framed and three brick, with an at- tendance of about 1,300 pupils. The Hyde Park, eras it was more generally termed the third, school district was comprised in what is now the fourth, fifth, sixth, fourteenth, fifteenth and eighteenth wards of Scranton. In 1852, at the time Hyde Park was incorporated as a bor- ough, there were but two school-houses in the district. One of these was erected probably before 1820, near the southwesterly corner of Main street, and was used for religious as well as educational purposes. Prior to this many of the children attended the schools at Providence. The other was built in 1837, on the site of the Methodist church. It was quite a pretentious building for those days and became somewhat celebrated for the character of the schools maintained there. Among the teachers in this building may be mentioned William Ricketson, D. R. Randall and John L. Richardson. The public schools of the district were closed during the winter of 1854 and until the fall of 1855 on account of the resignation of the principal teacher, Mr. Tallman. A brick school building was erected in 1858 on the site of school-houses Nos. 14 .ind 15, to take the place of one which had been sold to the Methodist society; and in this building were established the first graded schools in the district. Two school buildings were erected between i860 and 1870, and in 187 1 a borough superintendent was elected. At the time of the consolidation this district contained several school buildings, five of which were framed and two brick, fully equipped with teachers and having a large number of pupils enrolled. There were five schools reported in the Scranton or fourth school district at the beginning of 1857, held in five one-story frame buildings, each building representing a sub-district. During this year the site of the high school building was secured, and a brick building two stories high was opened for school January ist, 1858. This was designated the central building and contained four rooms, in which were established the first graded schools in the city, primary, intermediate, grammar and high school. E. D. Rawson, elected January ist, 1858, was the first principal of these graded schools. From November, 1858, E. A. Lawrence was principal four years, during which time many important changes were made in the condition of the schools. The directors brought the different sub-districts under one management and appointed Mr. Lawrence principal of all the schools in the borough, which position he held for three years. During this administration two brick buildings were erected, an addition was made to the central building, which increased the number of rooms to six, and three new sub-districts were established, making a total of eight sub-districts and sixteen schools. Joseph Roney was superintendent of the schools in the fourth district from March, 1868, until the consolida- tion of the districts. During this interval two more school buildings were erected, making eleven, nine of which were first class, with sittings for 3,000 pupils; the number of teachers was increased from 22 to 74; the cen- tral building was enlarged to eleven rooms, with suitable recitation rooms connected with each school; a depart- *#= <^ 4 D. W. CONNOLLY. D. W. Connolly, the Democratic and N. G. L. candidate for Con- gress in the Xllth Congressional district, was born in the village of Cocheton, Sullivan county, N. Y., on the 24th day of April, 1847. His father, John Connolly, well known in this section of the coun- ty for twenty-five years before his death, which occurred in 1873, as a railroad contractor, was born in Ireland, and removed to this coun- try with his parents when he was about eight years old. He lived in New York city until he attained his majority. About that time the Albany and Boston Railroad Com- pany commenced the construction of their road in Massachusetts, and John Connolly accepted a position as foreman with Mr. O'Neill, his brother-in-law and a prominent contractor, for a portion of the road near Springfield, Mass. While engaged in this position, as foreman, near the town of Montgomery, Mass., Mr. Connolly became acquainted with Miss Ann Adelia Allyn, the daughter of Deacon David Allyn, a thriving and highly respected farmer of Montgomery, and their marriage followed soon after. Some of the best blood of New England flows through Mrs. Connolly's veins. Her ancestors came from Eng- land early in the seventeenth century, and settled at a place now called Allyn's Point in Connecticut. Her grandfather, David Allyn, was a Revolutionary soldier, having fought under General Washington in the war for independence. Her grandmother was named Tyler and was a near relative of John Tyler, President of the United States. In the spring of 1868 D. W. Connolly entered upon the study of law in Scranton. At the end of the prescribed term of service Mr. Connolly passed a very creditable examination before Judges Lewis Jones, Alfred Hand and W. G. Ward, and was admitted to practice in the Mayor's Court for the city of Scranton and in the several courts of Luzerne county in May, 1870. Since his admission to the bar, as well as previous to that time, Mr. Connolly has been a close student. His mind is built on a broad gauge; he possesses the faculty of grasping all the points in a case on presentation of the facts, and it was not long before the most able law- yers of old Luzerne confessed that with Mr. Connolly on the other side of a case they had a foeman worthy of their steel. To-day he stands in the front rank of the able lawyers of northeastern Pennsylvania. He is a wise counselor, manages a case with adroitness and good judgment and has a clear and perspicuous style of pre- senting facts to a jury. No lawyer was ever more faithful to the cause of a client than Mr. Connolly. The writer of this sketch had the pleasure of being for some time intimately connected with him, and he knows whereof he speaks when he says that if Mr. Connolly takes a case he goes into the work with his whole heart and soul. No motives of personal com- fort or convenience are allowed to distract him from the work in hand, and if the case is lost it is not be- cause of either lack of ability or inattention on his part. Through all the years of his active life Mr. Connolly has borne an unblemished reputation. His record will bear the closest scru- tiny. It is because of his untar- nished reputation and eminent abilities that he is universally re- spected by all classes. Mr. Connolly's parents located at Hyde Park in 1849, when the subject of this sketch was only two years old. No man more fully possessed the confidence and respect of those with whom he came in contact than John Connolly, and when he died, in October, 1873, the whole community mourned his loss. D. W. Connolly received his education in the public schools of Hyde Park. He was always bright and in- telligent and stood high in his class. At the age of sev- enteen years he left school and removed with his parents to Little Neck, Long Island. Here he was engaged as clerk and book-keeper in a country store, and remained in that position for about six months. Returning to Scranton he entered the office of the Lackawanna Herald, a Democratic paper, edited by the late Hon. E. S. M. Hill, where he filled the position of clerk and proof- reader. He remained with Mr. Hill for some time, and upon leaving received a most flattering letter of recom- mendation from his employer. In 1872 considerable opposition was shown to the tickets nominated by the Democratic and Republican parlies in the city of Scranton, and a new party was formed under the name of the " Labor Reform party." This party placed a ticket in the field with Mr Connolly for district attorney. Although defeated he received a vote 600 in excess of that for the Republican candidate. In his own district, which was strongly Republican, he received a large majority. In 1878 Mr. Connolly was nominated by the Democratic and National Greenback Labor parties of Lackawanna county for president judge. His opponent was Judge Benjamin S. Bentley, of Williams- port. Again his popularity was shown by his receiving a much larger vote than any other candidate upon the ticket. Although elected by a large majority a question was raised as to a vacancy existing in the office of president judge, and the matter was carried to the Supreme Court, where it was decided that no vacancy existed. By this decision Mr. Connolly was deprived of his seat upon the bench. =K^ *^h *^N Dr. HORACE HOLLISTER. This gentleman was born, in [Salem, Wayne county, Pa., November 2nd, 1822. His parents, Alanson and Sally HoUister, came from Connecticut some years pre- vious, and made their way into the Salem forest before the wolf and the bear had deigned to leave its solitude. He was reared amidst the peaceful scenes of his father's farm, re- ceiving a common school education at his home and an academic one at Bethany and Honesdale in 1840-43. He spent the summers of 1837 and 1838 in boating on the North Branch canal, Union canal and Schuylkill canal as Captain Hollister, transporting general merchan- dise from Philadelphia to Wilkes-Barre and Pittston, with whiskey, staves and grain as return freight. He then read medicine alternatively with Doctor Charles Burr, of Salem, Dr. Ebenezer T. Losey, of Honesdale, and Dr. Benjamin H. Throop, then of Providence; graduated at the University of the City of New York in March, 1846, entering at once into the practice of his profession in Providence, Pa., where for the last thirty-four years he has devoted his time and talent to the often thankless duties of his profession with acknowledged fidelity and skill. In the original five-mile-square township of Provi- dence, of which the city of Scranton embraces but a part, no physician but the late Silas B. Robinson and Dr. Hollister essayed to practice medicine as late as 1846, where now some fifty medical men sustain their own ani- mation. Dr. Throop had temporarily removed to Car- bondale. The subject of our sketch is of an original and somewhat eccentric character, blunt and even rude in his manners, yet kind, true and benevolent. His literary taste and thorough knowledge of" the valley have enabled him to write the " History of the Lackawanna Valley^' "Coal Notes," " History of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company," " Recollections of our Physi- cians " and many newspaper and magazine articles of interest. He is also proprietor of "Dr. HoUister's Family Medicines", which have great local repute. The doctor is a great student and lover of archaeological matters. No person within the commonwealth of Penn- sylvania has given such assiduous attention to collecting and arranging the Indian stone relics of the country as has the doctor; whose immense collection, open and free to all, acknowledged to be the largest and most complete in Europe or America, embraces 20,000 pieces of stone, burned clay, bone and copper, representing every known weapon of Indian warfare and every variety of stone im- plement once used by the skin-clad savages. The collec- tion is valued at $10,000, and yet an insurance company willing for years to renew the policy and receive the premium annually declared through its agent that Indian relics had no value and if burned up they would be worth just as much ! The late Professor Henry, of the Smith- sonian Institution, at Washington, and his learned succes- sor Prof. Baird, made repeated and unsuccessful efforts to obtain this unequaled collection for that institution. Dr. Hollister affiliates with no church, accepts no creeds, dogmas or doctrines recognized by the majority, believes in the golden rule and looks carefully and gratuitously after the physical needs of all ministers of the gospel, indigent widows and children living within his precinct. He is a member of several State historical societies; a nephew of P. G. Goodrich, author of the History of Wayne County, Pa., and brother of Mrs. Harriet G. Watres, of Scranton — " Stella of Lackawanna," a poetess whose tender songs and sonnets will carry her name far into the future. *x T^- -T Va/wv' \\d. AA1^^ A,V!^iN. f <'. DR. HENRY ROBERTS. We have presented an admirable likeness of Dr. Henry- Roberts, of Scranton, a man who has been prominently identified with the interests of this county for more than thirty years. He took up his residence in Providence in May, 1850, when it was but a rural village, and when the land now composing Scranton was an almost uninhabited swampy forest. Though naturally retiring and modest he has ever been active in promoting what in his judg- ment seemed to be for the pecuniary, political and moral interests of the county. He was born of Welsh and Eng- lish parents, on the 14th of June, 182 1, in the towni-hip of Eaton, Wyoming county, Pa. The history of his fam- ily is easily traceable four generations back, to the latter part of the sixteenth century, whun three brothers from the north of Wales came to America, two of whom settled, lived and died in New England. A third one followed a life upon the sea till all traces of his whereabouts were finally lost. Dr. Henry Roberts is a direct descendant of one of the two brothers who early in life took up their abode in Massachusetts. His grandfather when a young man moved from Orange county, N. Y., to Tague's Hill, now Washington township, Wyoming county. Pa. From thence he moved to Providence township, now Hyde Park, Lackawanna county. Pa. Having resided there about twelve years he moved to the township of Pittston, from whence shortly afterward he moved to the township of Eaton, Wyoming county. Hon. Henry Roberts, father of the subject of our sketch, was born on Tague's Hill, July 28th, 1794. March i6th, 1817, he married Miss Nancy Wilson, daughter of Rev. John Wilson, and in the summer fol- lowing they moved on to the farm formerly occupied by his mother's father, David Morehouse, Esq. It is here he has already spent more than sixty years of his life, and where at the present time, with his wife, he is still in the enjoyment of unusual health, and with remarkable vigor is able to prosecute the work incidental to the life of the agriculturist. Though aspiring only to be a pros- perous farmer he has all his life occupied various positions of trust and confidence in the community. He was one of the first commissioners of Wyoming county, for many years associate judge in the courts of Wyoming county, postmaster at Falls during several terms, and for a long time justice of the peace, the duties of which he discharg- ed with promptness and unusual favor. Indeed it is not overdrawing the picture to say that for nearly three quarters of a century he has enjoyed the uninterrupted respect of all who have known him, and that stranger and friend have ever been welcome to the hospitality of his home. Dr. Henry Roberts is the third of a family of fourteen children (eight brothers and six sisters), all of whom ex- cepting one brother and two sisters are now living. His early years were spent at the home of his parents, where he received the ordinary advantages of a common school education. At the age of nineteen he entered the store of Sinton, Tracey & Co., at Wilkes-Barre, as a clerk. It was while in the employ of this firm that he made the acquaintance of the Hon. L. D. Shoemaker, then a rising young lawyer, through whose friendship and counsel he was greatly benefited in the prosecution of studies pre- paratory to a contemplated entry upon the study of medicine. In the year 1842 he entered, as a student, the office of I. M. Roberts, his uncle, of Cardington, Ohio, with whom he remained until the fall of 1843, when he entered the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia. Having faithfully and successfully followed the course of instruction there he graduated with honor in 1845, and in the succeeding summer located at Laceyville, Wyom- ing county, Pa., where he entered upon an extensive practice in his profession. Three years afterward, on the 14th of June, 1848, his twenty-eighth birthday, he was married to Lucetta H. Hartley, daughter of Judge William Hartley, of Susquehanna county, the ceremony being per- formed by Rev. Everett E. Guild, of Wayne county. From this happy union have been born six children, three of whom are now living, the eldest bei-ng the wife of Dr. Furman B. Gulick, of Scranton. Having passed five years in the practice of his profession at Laceyville he disposed of his property there and spent the winter of 1849-50 at Philadelphia in hospital study and practice. In the following May he took up his residence in Provi- dence, his present home. The year of 1853 and part of 1854 he spent in New York city. In the summer of 1854 he embarked in mercantile business at Fleetville, Pa., with Hon. William Hartley, where he remained four years. At the end of this time he disposed of his interests at that place and removed to Illinois, near Dixon, from which point he was engaged in 1859 in fitting out a party to Pike's Peak and across the plains to California. The object of the expedition was to explore that vast section of country lying west of Missouri and extending in wild- ness even to the Pacific coast. The doctor with his party celebrated the 4th of July, 1859, at Independence Rock — so named by Captain John C. Fremont in his memorable expedition through that then unexplored country. It was just after this that, while in camp at the fifth crossing of the Sweetwater river — a tributary of the Platte — a thousand miles beyond the. Missouri, on the eve of July nth he was wounded, resulting in the loss of the use of his right arm, by the accidental discharge of a gun in the hands of'a friend and companion, from whom he received the closest attention during a long suffering in that wild, romantic country. Shortly after the accident he was carried to South Pass, an Indian trading post, where he received kind hospitality at the hands of Gen- eral Landers, who at that time was opening a govern- ment wagon road from this point into the Walla-Walla valley. Here he remained about two months, when he removed to Salt Lake City, where he for a short season was the guest of Brigham Young's family physician. From Salt Lake he pursued a southerly and entirely new route to California, reaching there late in the fall of 1859. After a six months sojourn among the principal cities and various places of interest in that State he returned east by way of Panama. In the spring of 1861 he again took up his residence in Providence, where he resumed the practice of medicine, and where ever since he has been regarded as a physician of eminent judgment and success. Perhaps nowhere are the sterling worth, candid judgment and extraordinary mental capacity of Dr. Rob- erts. more clearly seen than in his public life of more than a quarter of a century. At tlie present time the Ameri- i ■A #«= =^l* can people are inclined. to treat with suspicion the name of nearly every one associated with the p\iblic interests of a community, especially when those interests are of a political nature. It has been observed that for the past twenty-five years many men who have lived honest lives while private citizens have in public oiifice been utterly disregardful of either honesty or shame. But as Dr. Rob- ' erts has been in private life — thoroughly conscientious and open in all his dealings — so has he ever been in public life. When as a representative of the community he has had in charge any of its interests his course has been re- garded with respect by both friends and opponents. There is hardly one in his section of the State whose judgment has been so constantly consulted by men of every class as his, and whose counsel has been so univer- sally approved; and this is not saying too much, even though we bear in mind that he has taken a prominent part in the encouragement of railroad facilities, in the es- tablishment of schools, in securing proper accommodation for the poor of the county and promulgating through the county and State — in their purity — the principles of a republican form of government. In politics he was in the earlier part of his life of the Clay and Webster school, and took an active part as a young man in the Henry Clay campaign of 1844. Clay was the first Presidential candidate for whom he voted, and from that time until the old Whig party days ended he was conspicuous in the organization. He attended the last Whig convention in Luzerne county, and was foremost in the organization of the Republican party in this section of the State, which immediately followed the national convention as- sembled at Chicago in 1856 and which adopted that name for the party. In 1857, along with the late Henderson Gaylord, of Plymouth, and Daniel Driesbach, of Beach Haven, he was the unanimous choice of a convention of representa- tives of the new party as their first candidate for election to the Legislature. His great popularity is observed in the result of that contest, when he received — excepting sixteen — the combined vote'of all parties in tTie borough of Providence, and in the county over three hundred more than David Wilmot, candidate for governor. Early in the war he was appointed one of the State marshals for enrolling men subject to military duty. During the invasion of the State in 1863 he enrolled in less than twenty-four hours a full company of men for the emergency, and accompanied them immediately to Camp Curtin, at Harrisburg, where he organized the 30th regiment Pennsylvania State troops, with W. N. Monies as its colonel, and with it served as volunteer surgeon until the discharge of the regiment. In 1864 he was appointed a commissioner to the army for supplying blanks and gathering the returns of the elections held in the army. In April of the same year he was conjmission- ed by President Lincoln an examining surgeon for claim- ants for pensions, which position he continues to hold as president of the Scranton board. In 1866 he was elected a member of the select council of the newly formed city of Scranton, and was re-elected to that ofifice for nine consecutive years. In April, 1868, he was appointed by Hon. John A. J. Cresswell, then Postmaster- General, as postmaster at Providence, and he now holds his fourth commission, signed by President Rutherford B. Hayes, and dated in January, 1880. As has been said. Dr. Roberts comes of the good old Whig stock and was an active worker in the party; likewise when the Repub- lican party came into existence he was at once one of its leaders, and he has never wavered in his devotion to the principles, policies, and measures of that party; and sel- dom indeed does it happen that we find a man who has ever been as willing as he to sacrifice self interest for the welfare of his party. In 1878 he accepted through con- ferrees the nomination for Congress from the Xllth dis- trict of Pennsylvania; and as an evidence that he has more than sustained his well deserved popularity it is noticed that in a canvass of three weeks he secured not only his full party vote, but drew largely from the ranks of the opposite party. Dr. Roberts is still in the prime of life and continues to take deep interest in whatever concerns the social, moral and political interests of the county and community; al- ways stands ready with a word of caution or encourage- ment according ap in his judgment the circumstances of the case may deserve. In social life he is exceptionally cordial and sincere, being easy of approach and winning the implicit confidence of all who come in contact with him. He retains with unusual affection the associations and associates of his younger days, but enjoys none the less friendships formed more recently in life and scenes that have marked his later years. In a single sentence, — Dr. Henry Roberts is a man; and that, says an old philoso- pher of the Greek school, is exceptionally true among men. 5^= HON. J. A. SCRANTON. Joseph Augustine Scranton, journalist, born July 26th, 1838, at Madison, Conn., is the only son of Joseph H. Scranton by his first wife, Eliza Maria, daughter of Col- onel J. S Wilcox, of Madison, Conn. He was liberally educated in New England schools, fitted for college under Dr. Taylor at Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., gradu- ating in the class of 1857, and entered Yale College in the class of 1861. Hemorrhage of the lungs compelled his withdrawal from college during the freshman year and terminated his educational course. He married Ada Elizabeth, eldest daughter of General A. N. Meylert, of Scranton, Pa., July 23d, 1863. They have two children, Robert Meylert, born June lith, 1865, and Eliza, born July 20th, 1868. Mr. Scranton was internal revenue collector in 1862-66, under President Lincoln, for the Xllth Congressional district of Pennsylvania, which then comprised the counties of Luzerne and Susquehanna. Jn September, 1867, he purchased an interest in the Scranton Republican and founded the daily edition of that paper, issuing the initial number on the ist of November following. In March, i86g, he assumed sole proprietorship of the con- cern, which, under his personal supervision, has become a large and successful establishment. In 1871 he built the elegant and commodious printing-house on Wyoming avenue since occupied by his extensive business. His paper is the leading journal in northeastern Pennsylvania, and has been of signal and generally recognized service to the Republican party. Mr. Scranton was appointed postmaster of Scranton by President Grant April ist, 1874, and received a re- appointment from President Hayes in 1878. He has been active in politics for twenty years, always a Republican. He was a delegate to the national Republican convention at Philadelphia in 1872; has repeatedly been a delegate to State and county conventions, and a successful chair- man of county committees in both Luzerne and Lacka- wanna counties. He was elected as a Republican in 1880 to represent the Xllth district, comprising parts of Luzerne and Lackawanna counties, in the Forty-seventh Congress, receiving 13,455 votes to 10,948 for D. W. Con- nolly, Democrat and National Greenback-Labor, and 4,174 votes for Hendrick B. Wright, independent Democrat. ^ r-J /OOc^CyL/ -■Co^6^i.,'z.-^2^ II NEWSPAPERS AND JOURNALISTS OF SCRANTON. 401 ment called preparatory was established, intermediate between the grammar and high school departments, and the annual graduation of a class from the high school was inaugurated with suitable commencement exercises at the close of the school year of 1876-77. The school boards of the separate districts consolida- ted at the commencement of the year ending June ist, 1878. In November, 1878, Joseph Roney was commis- sioned city superintendent of the Scranton school dis- trict. Under him the grades were classified alike, a uniform system of books was adopted throughout the city, and a semi-monthly teachers' institute was estab- lished. The report for the term ending with January, 1880, shows the number of school buildings in the Scran- ton school district to be 29, 16 of which are frame and 13 brick; number of teachers 158; number of pupils en- rolled 7,673. The Press and Books and Literary People. No printing press was set up within the present city limits until the winter of 1845, when a paper called the Providence Mirror and Lackawaiinian was issued at Providence. It was a bright sheet, everywhere welcomed, but the good it did was more than counterbalanced by the hostile feeling it engendered against the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, then mining coal in Arch- bald. Franklin B. Woodward, who two years later found a grave in Virginia, was the editor.. The paper was es- tablished to advocate the erection of a new county, and if possible prevent the Delaware and Hudson Canal Com- pany from beginning any mining operations below the village of Archbald. Harrison (as Scranton was then called) was represented by only one advertisement in this paper. Its publication ceased in 1846 or 1847. February 5th, 1853, Charles E. Lathrop issued a pros- pectus for an independent weekly paper. The first number appeared April 3d following. It was called the Lackawanna Herald, and was the first journalistic ven- ture in the borough of Scranton. January 25th, 1855, the first issue of a Democratic paper named the Spirit of the Valley appeared. It was published a year by Thoinas A. Alleger and J. B. Adams, from an office next door to that of the Lackarcanna Herald. At the expiration of that time it was consolidated with the Lackawanna Her- ald under the title of the Herald of the Union. This paper was purchased by Ezra B. Chase, a gentleman of superior literary attainments, who on account of failing health disposed of it to Dr. A. Davis and J. B. Adams. Dr. Davis purchased the interest of Mr. Adams in the spring of 1859 and sold it to Dr. Silas M. Wheeler, and the two physicians published a paper into which they in- fused, it is said, "a degree of originality and spiciness rarely seen in a country newspaper." February ist, 1855, the initial number of a paper called the Tri- Weekly Experiment was issued, ostensibly by F. Dilly, from the office of the Lackawanna Herald. It was never any- thing but an experiment, and if it was in existence at the time of the consolidation of the Herald 2.nA. the Spirit, it probably lost its identity then. In 1866 J. B. Adams begun the publication of a daily called the Morning Herald, which had a brief career. The last number of the Herald of the Union under that title appeared Janu- ary 27th, i860; but it had a subsequent existence in the Scranton Register, owned by E. S. M. Hill, who estab- lished the Daily Register, edited in its local department by J. B. Adams, which he sold in the summer of 1868 to Carl & Burtch. It subsequently passed into the hands of J. H. Burtch, Mr. Carl selling out and returning to Binghamton, whence he had come in 1868, and its publi- cation ceased about a year later. In August, 1856, when the Know-Nothing party was in its glory, and the whole country was in a heated Presi- dential contest, the first number of the Scranton Republi- can, a sheet 22 by 32 inches, was issued by Theodore Smith, of Montrose. The Lackawanna Herald, a Know- Nothing organ, was its only local opponent. The cam- paign in this section wac a bitter one, and by its opposi- tion to the Know-Nothing ticket the Republican gained somewhat in public favor; but progressed indifferently until the spring of 1858, when it was purchased by F. A. Macartney, who enlarged it and made other material changes and improvements. It was ably conducted by Mr. Macartney from 1858 to 1863, though not a success- ful financial enterprise, and in the summer of 1863 Thomas J. Alleger purchased the concern, and published a very inferior paper until 1866. In March of that year Mr. F. A. Crandall came from Utica, N. Y., and pur- chased a half interest with Mr. Alleger, and shortly after- wards became sole proprietor. During the same year Mr. Crandall disposed of a half interest to Mr. R. N. Eddy, of Cazenovia, N. Y., and in September, 1867, Mr. J. A. Scranton, the present proprietor, purchased Mr. Eddy's interest, and the first number of the Morning Republican was issued the first of the following No- vember. February 5th, 1868, the office was burned, .with nearly all its contents. Fifteen days later the publication of the paper was resumed, and it has since been continued un- interruptedly. In March, 1869, Mr. Scranton purchased the interest of Mr. Crandall and he has since been sole proprietor. The general business of the Republican so steadily increased that in 1871 Mr. Scranton commenced the erection of the imposing and costly five-story brick and stone structure known as the Republican building, which stands as a monument to his tact, ability, enterprise and perseverance. The total value of the establishment, including the building, amounts to $100,000. The edi- torial and reportorial staffs of the Republican have always been chosen from competent grades, and have done much to mould opinion in the two coal valleys. The corps of paid writers, reporters and correspondents is much larger than that of any other Pennsylvania journal outside of Philadelphia and Pittsburg, and its political utterances are a power in its party. The annual outlay for tele- graphic news and special reports is large, and the unri- valed circulation of the daily in Democratic localities is the best evidence of its val-ie as a newspaper. The Scranton Wochenblatt, a German Democratic *6^ * 402 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. paper, was established by E. A. Ludwig, in January, 1865. It was sold to F. Wagner and by him to August Stutzbach, the present proprietor and publisher. The Scranton City Journal was established in March, 1867, by E. A. & G. W. Benedict, who came from Car- bondale. In 1869 Mr. S. D. Baker of Carbondale was admitted to the firm, the style of which was changed to Benedict Brothers & Baker. Mr. Baker retired at the expiration of a year and a half, the business being con- tinued by Benedict Brothers. In 1875 G. W. Benedict purchased the interest of his brother and changed the name of the paper to the Scranton Journal. It is an independent family newspaper with Republican proclivi- ties. A paper was issued the same year by J. D. Rea- gan, which was afterwards merged in the Democrat. The Examiner was published in 1868 by J. D. Reagan. It was purchased by J. B. Adams and its title was changed to the Democrat. It was a popular weekly paper several years, but has gone out of existence. It has been de- scribed as a " bold, original ultra Democratic paper." The Daily Democrat, an evening paper, was published for a time. The Baner America {American Banner'), the pioneer Welsh paper of Scranton, was established in 1869. It was owned by a corporation and at different times edited by H. M. Edwards, T. B. Morris, W. S. Jones, D. J. Evans and E. R. Lewis. In 1874 it was sold to Thomas Phillips, and in 1S76 to D. J. Evans, and was published and edited by him for a year, when he sold it to Messrs. Lewis & Holmes, Mr. Lewis assuming editorial charge. Its publication was discontinued in 1879. It was Repub- lican politically and was at one time an influential party journal. It was a large, eight-page paper, neat typograph- ically and at times ably and vigorously edited. The Daily Times was founded in 1870 by a company. It was first edited by J. A. Clark for a few months; then by W. H. Stanton till September ist, 1872, and since by Aaron Augustus Chase. It is published every week-dny morning and is Democratic politically. The U'eekly Times, founded in 1873, is published every Thursday. It is Democratic and is edited by Aaron Augustus Chase. The Law Times was founded in 1873. It is a law magazine, published every Friday; Aaron Augustus Chase editor. The Sunday Morning Free Press, the pioneer Sunday newspaper of northeastern Pennsylvania, was started by an association of practical printers known as the Co-opera- tive Printing Association. The first number was issued June loth, 1872. To compensate for the lack of mail facilities, the association at once projected pony express routes to all points within twenty miles of Scranton which have ever since been maintained and been more than doubly extended by the present management. F. A. Beamish, its present proprietor, was the first subscriber on its list. The paper was purchased by F. E. Clark February T5th, 1873, and continued in his possession until May nth, 1874, when it was purchased by Mr. F. A. Beamish, who has since been its editor and proprietor. Its job office was burned December 14th, 1876, necessi- tating a removal to the Baner America office. In the spring of 1878 an entire new outfit of type and material t was procured at considerable expense, and the Free Press was enlarged from a twenty-eight to a thirty-two column paper. The columns were also lengthened, increasing its size about one-fourth. July 15th, 1878, the publication office was removed to the republican building, on Wyoming avenue. The Free Press is independent-Dem- ocratic in politics, has always advocated the cause of the people and has a circulation equaled by few papers in the State outside of the large cities. In 1873 the Hyde Park Visitor was established by Mr. E. R. Williams, better known by his nom de plume of "Jenkins." It was racy, witty and sensational, and its local news department was excellent. It was issued reg- ularly for about eight months, gaining rapidly in popular favor and circulation. Its publication ceased on account of the sudden death of its projector and publisher. The Scranton Herald, the official German Republican organ of Lackawanna county, was established in 1874. Mr. Nicholas Kiefer is the sole editor and proprietor. It circulates in Lackawanna, Wayne, Wyoming, Pike, Lu- zerne, Carbon and other counties. The Avalanche was published as a Democratic campaign paper in 1876, by the Co-operative Printing Company, J. C. Coon manager. The publication of a small paper called the Daily Observer was begun in 1877. In 1878 it passed into the hands of Messrs. Holmes & Jones, who changed its name to the Evening Star and continued its publication a short time. The People's Shield [Tarian y Bol>e\ another Welsh paper, was issued in 1877 by John Morris, editor and proprietor. Its political proclivities were Republican. It was a neatly printed weekly sheet, sprightly and newsy, and its editorial department was vigorous. Some of the best Welsh writers contributed to its columns. Its pub- lication was discontinued in 1878, owing to a change in the politics of the Welsh people of the counties of Lu- zerne and Schuylkill, who were its chief supporters. During 1877 a comic ])aper, the Wesh Punch {Y Pioncli), was started; but its matter was obnoxious to a large class of the Welsh population, and its life was short. November ist, 1S78, Reagan & Higgins issued the first number of the Sunday Visitor, the publication of which was continued about six months. In the fall of 1877 the Industrial Advocate was established by the Industrial Advocate Publishing Company. It appeared regularly for abont a year. In 1878 the initial number of the Daily Advocate was issued. It suspended in four or five months. The IVorhingman's Banner {Baner y Gweithiwr) is owned and edited by D. J. Evans. It is a Welsh Repub- lican paper, well printed, interesting and spicy. It is creditably edited and has a corps of able contributors. It has a large and increasing circulation. Its publication was begun in May, 1879. The Lackawanna Union was the name of a daily campaign paper published a few months in 1879 in the interest of William H.Stanton, then a candidate for additional law judge of the 45th judicial district. The Sumiay Breeze was published two weeks in 1879 by the Breeze Publishing Company. It was merged in the News-Dealer, a Sunday paper pub- =^H ^^ 4 LITERARY PEOPLE OF SCRANTON— BANKS. 403 lished simultaneously at Wilkes-Barre and Scranton. The Scranton department is ably conducted by Mr. Frank P. Woodward. Several Welsh campaign papers have been issued at various times. The Providence Echo was started in 1879. It is probable that mention of some papers which have had an ephemeral existence has been omitted, but it is thought that all journals which have ever been established and become well known have received due attention. A paper in the interest of the Knights of Pythias was published in Scranton for a short time. An ad- vertising sheet was published in the interest of the business men of Scranton by Mr. John T. Howe during 1877. It had a large gratuitous circulation, and was issued monthly. The Christmas Argosy, an annual, containing many val- uable articles of high literary character, was issued dur- ing the holidays of 1879-80 by John E. Barrett and Frank P. Woodward. Captain O'Brien's Monthly Mag- azine first appeared February 4th, 1880. It is a neat brochure of romance, poetry and news of the day. Its motto is "to serve God, aid mankind and make money," and it will be issued on the last Saturday of every month. The legal fraternity of Lackawanna county have sup- ported several law publications, which have been or are issued in Scranton. A love for business and a taste for literary matters are opposites, generally speaking. Scranton has fostered the one and not the other; the result is few writers and authors within its limits. Richard Drinker, who died in Scranton a few years ago, was a quaint writer of poetry and prose of unques- tioned merit. He published no books, and it is to be regretted that his effusions were not collected and pre- served in a printed volume for posterity, for they well de- serve a place in all libraries. Rev. George Peck, D. D., a pioneer Methodist Episcopal minister in this portion of Pennsylvania and an author of national reputation, wrote and published the "History of Wyoming," "Early Meth- odism " and many other religious and historical works of great labor and value, which are everywhere regarded as standard publications. The city of Scranton may well feel proud of the literary achievements of this remarkable man, who has gone to his reward. "Contributions to the History of the Lackawanna Valley," a volume of 328 pages, issued in 1857, and "The History of the Lacka- wanna Valley," entirely re-written and enlarged to 442 pages, published in 1869 and 1875 by H. Hollister, M. D., are well known works of rare historical merit and more than local popularity. For the last thirty years the doctor has contributed many articles to the mag- azines and newspapers of the country. He is now pre- paring the history of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. Mrs. Harriet G. Watres, wife of Alderman Lewis S. Watres, of Scranton, whose tender and patriotic sonnets have been widely read, under the nom deplume of " Stella of Lackawanna," has adorned many literary mag- azines and newspapers with her poetic gems. In her poetry, ' which as yet has never been published in book form, are pictured real scenes of nature in rare pathos, sometimes radiant with sunshine, but oftener tinged with a pathetic sadness. Her "Centennial Ode," at Wyoming, July 4th, 1878, was not only original and grand in its character,but in the language of that fine critic the Rev. Abel Barker, of Wyoming, "it was a poem that Longfellow himself might be proud of." " TheWyomingValley.UpperWaters of the Susquehanna and the Lackawanna Coal Region," by James Albert Clark, appeared first in pamphlet and then in book form in 1875. It is an attractive and valuable work, illustrated with twenty-five photographs. The chapters devoted to railroad and ni'ning history evince much painstaking research. The work is well written and is valued by those interested in local history. The most versatile writer in Scranton is recognized in the local editor of the Scranton Daily Republican, Hon. John E. Barrett, who for the last six years has given this department of the paper spirit, popularity and character. No man in Scranton can take the raw material of daily events and transfer them so readily and in so life-like a way to paper as this gentleman. He lays no claim to the gift of beautifying creation in poetry, but his sensibilities are so fine as to be in themselves poetical. If he excels in any one branch of literary work it is as a novelist, all of his stories having been widely and some of them ex- tensively read. Frank P. Woodward, who manages the Scranton office of the Sunday News-Dealer and is one of the editors of that paper, is a graceful writer of tales, many of which have appeared in the popular journals of the day. As a writer of historical and statistical articles on Scranton and the Lackawanna valley Hon. Lewis Pughe is well known. Colonel H. M. Boies is a contributor to magazines, writing on military and kindred topics. Banks and Bankers. May, loth, 1855, Mason, Meylert & Co. opened the first bank in the city at the corner of Wyoming avenue and Center street. The building now occupied by the Scranton Savings Bank was erected and occupied by this firm about i860. There were two or three changes in the organization of the firm, which continued business until about 1864, Gordon F. Mason and Michael and A. N. Meylert being the partners. The Lackawanna Valley Bank had its origin in the private banking house of George Sanderson & Co., who began business in November, 1855. In August, 1873, the institution was incorporated as a State bank, with a paid-up capital of $83,500. The. original policy of sus- taining a department for general banking business and a department devoted exclusively to savings deposits, bear- ing interest payable semi-annually, is continued by the Lackawanna Valley Bank. In 1880 George Sanderson was president and W. E. Watkins cashier. The Second National Bank of Scranton was establislied in the latter part of 1863, and is now in the hands of a receiver. The officers chosen at the time of organization were as follows: President, T. F. Hunt; vice-president. Doctor John Wilson; cashier, W. W. Winton. The re- ceiver is Mr. G. S. Goodale. In 1865 the First National Bank of Providence was organized. It was consolidated with the Second National Bank of Scranton. 4^ H^ The /"//-J/ National Bank of Scranton was organized May 30th, 1863, with a capital of $200,000. The direct- ors were Joseph H. Scranton, Thomas Dickson, John Brisbin, Joseph J. Albright and Joseph C. Piatt; presi- dent, Joseph H. Scranton; vice-president, Joseph J. Al- bright; cashier, William Gushing. John Brisbin removed to New York in 1864 and George L. Dickson was elected 10 fill the vacancy. William Gushing, cashier, resigned in June, 1865, and James A. Linen succeeded him. Jo- seph H. Scranton died at Baden Baden, Germany, June 6th, 1872, and Joseph J. Albright was elected president, Joseph G. Piatt vice-presidtnt, and James Blair director. Dividends of ten per cent, were made from the date of organization to 1869; from 7869 to 1872, twelve per cent.; from 1872 to 1874, sixteen per cent.; from 1874 lo 1880, twenty per cent., and in addition the bank has accumulated a surplus of $255,000. Edward S. Jackson has been teller since 1867. The Scranton Savings Baukwaf. incorporated February 26th, 1867. T. F. Hunt, George Fisher, J. H. Sutphin, S. Grant, John Hadley, G. P.Matthews and all other subsequent stock holders were named as the corporators. August 5th, 1867, James Blair subscribed for one hundred shares of capital stock, and S. Grant, T. F. Hunt, George Fisher, J. H. Sutphin, John Handley, J. S. Slocum, Charles P. Matthews and A. E.Hunt fifty shares each, making 500 at a par value of $100 each, and the amount subscribed $50,000, fifty per cent, of which was paid in then, and the balance July 6th, 1870. September loth, 1867, the following permanent organ- ization was effected; James Blair, president; James Arch- bald and John H. Sutphin, vice-presidents; T. F. Hunt, secretary; Oscar G. Moore, cashier; the first four and John Handley, S. Grant, Daniel Howell, George Fisher and James S. Slocum directors and trustees. The bank was opened October 7th, 1867, at No. 309 Lackawanna avenue. In June, 1869, the building No. 120 Wyoiining avenue, known as the " Meylert Banking House," was purchased and the bank removed thereto, where it has since been localed. George H. Birdsall succeeded Mr. Moore as cashier January ist, 1876, and H. A. Vail succeeded Mr. Bird- sail April 20th, 1878. Of the original managers only James Blair, George Fisher and James S. Slocum remain. The management in 1879 consisted of John L Blair, James Blair, George Fisher, A. M. Decker, G. H. Gatlin, James Archbald. jr., G. A. Fuller, James S. Slocum and H. A. Vail, directors and trustees; James Blair, president; H. A. Vail, secretary and cashier. The original managers (practically) continued in office until June, 1877, 'h^ bank doing a remunerative business; but the hard times obliged some of them to resign. The new managers who (in June, 1877, and later, in 1878,) followed remain directors and trustees. The resignations mentioned and the rumors and sus- picions thereby excited culminated in June, 1877, in a three weeks run upon the bank by depositors, during which the bank paid out about $62,500. The new man- agement increased the capital stock to $100,000 of which amount $99,000 have been paid in. The bank transacts a general banking business, and deals in foreign and domestic exchange and government bonds and sells steamship tickets. ^ The Scranton Trust Company and Savings Bank, organ- ized January ist, 1870, is now in the hands of an assignee. The Merchants and Mechanics' Bank of Scranton was organized August 6th, 1870, succeeding in business John Handley & Co., with the following directors: John Handley, Daniel Howell, Thomas Moore, D. T. Richards, Patrick M. Cann, Edward Jones, D. B. Brainard, J. H. Gunster, M. M. Kearney, D. B. Oakes and Peter Bur- schel. Hon. John Handley was elected president, J. G. Burgess vice-president, and W. H. Fuller cashier. The paid-up capital of the bank was $125,000; the authorized capital $500,000. The place of business was and is at No. 420 Lackawanna avenue. May i8th, 187 1, R. T. McCabe was elected cashier in place of Mr. Fuller, re- signed, and in March, 1873, the capital stock was in- creased to $250,000. In 1875 Mr. Handley retired from the presidency, having been elected judge of Luzerne county, and E. Phinney succeeded him. In 1876 R. T. McCabe was elected treasurer of the Pennsylvania An- thracite Coal Company, and John T. Richards became cashier. The present officers are: Daniel Howell, pres- ident; Thomas Moore, vice-president; John T. Richards, cashier. The directors are Daniel Howell, Thomas Moore, Edward Jones, James Jordan and D. B. Brainard. Up to February ist, 1880, the bank had paid in dividends to its stockholders $150,000, besides adding a surplus of $50,000, and paying to depositors $75,290.51 as interest, and $22,963.50 in taxes. The 7 hird National Bank of Scranton was organized March ist, 1872, by the election of the following direct- ors: Alfred Hand, John Jermyn, Lewis Pughe, J. A. Scranton, Henry M. Boies, William Matthews, George H. Catlin, James Archbald, William Gonnell, Frederick W. Gunster and Edward C. Lynde. The following officers were chosen: President, Alfred Hand; vice-president, George H. Gatlin; secretary and temporary cashier, Ed- ward G. Lynde. March 16th, 1872, N. H. Shafer was elected cashier. The bank began business April 15th, 1872, at 504 Lackawanna avenue, with a capital of $200,- 000, and removed to the Republican building July 29th, 1872. The present commodious building was erected by the bank and occupied November 1st, 1877. Hon. Al- fred Hand was appointed additional law judge in March, 1879, and resigned the presidency of the bank. Lewis Pughe, vice-president (since January, 1875), acted as president the remainder c,f the year. January 13th, 1880, the board of directors was reduced from eleven to nine, and the following persons were elected directors for the ensuing year: William Connell, George H. Catlin, John Jermyn, Lewis Pughe, H. M. Boies, James Archbald, Fred. W. Gunster, Henry Belin, jr., and W. H, Rich- mond. The officers elected were: William Connell, presi- dent; George H. Gatlin, vice-president; N. H. Shafer, secretary and cashier. The capital is $200,000; surplus, $3S,ooo. i**3^=«= =^H Lackawanna Valley House. I. E. WHIPPLE. I. Eugene Whipple, son of Isaac and Emma (Lathrop) Whipple, was born in Jackson, Susquehanna county, Pa., February 19th, 1849. His great-grandfather, Ebenezer Whipple, a native of Connecticut, came to Susquehanna county and settled near Montrose in 1793, upon a farm which he cleared up, and upon which he resided until his death, being more than eighty years of age. He had three sons who came with the family, all of whom married and reared families. The eldest, Ebenezer, jr., was one of the first settlers in Iowa. Hiram, a farmer, settled in Sus- quehanna county, where he died in 1872, aged seventy- eight years. Cyrus lived in Susquehanna county until he was nearly seventy years of age, when he moved to Iowa, where his sons had resided several years. He died in J878, aged eighty years. Isaac, the father of the subject of our sketch, is a physician, and has been in practice for several years in Stevensville, Bradford county. Pa. He had seven children — four sons and three daughters — all living. I. Eugene, the eldest, spent his boyhood at home and in the schools of his native town. He com- pleted his education at the Stevensville Academy, where he was a student for three years. After he became of age he purchased the stage business between Laceyville and Montrose, which he carried on for one year, when he sold out and entered the boot and shoe trade in Stevens- ville. After continuing the business a year he sold out and was engaged as clerk in the Eagle Hotel, Pittston, which position he filled three years, when (in 1876) he became the proprietor of the St. Charles Hotel in the same place. In 1878 he came to Scranton and leased the Lackawanna Valley House, of which he is at present the popular proprietor; a view of the house may be seen above. On October nth, 1876, he married S. Ophelia, daugh- ter of Evan Evans, of Jackson Valley, Susquehanna county, Pa. She was born August 27th, 1854. Mr. Whipple is a Republican in politics, but never sought political preferment. He is identified with the Baptist church, of which both his parents have been members for several years. 'Vs_)v>^^i_A.-^v.N-A-/^33s3- —4* EUGENE W. SIMRELL. Eugene W. Simrell was born in Scott township, Lu- zerne (now Lackawanna) county, October 3d, 1851, the eldest child of Warren W. and Frances C. (Decker) Sim- rell. His great-grandfather, William Simrell, emigrated with his family from Ireland and settled in Rhode Isl- and. His grandfather, Nathaniel Simrell, was born in Rhode Island, married Lydia Wall, moved from Rhode Island and settled in Scott township, Luzerne county, about the year 1800, and raised a large family there. Warren W. Simrell, E. W. Simrell's father, was born in Scott, and married Frances C. Decker, daughter of Ste- phen and Louisa (Giddings) Decker. By this union there were seven children, three of whom are deceased. Henrietta, Myra and Lydia, three daughters, are living at home. Eugene W. Simrell was brought up on a farm. He ■received his education in the common school at Scott, Gardner's Commercial College atScranton, Kingston Sem- inary and the Bloomsburg and Mansfield State normal schools. In 1873 he entered the Mbany law school, from which institution he was graduated in 1874, receiving the degree of LL. B. He. opened a law office in Scranton in the fall of the same year, and has practiced his profes- sion there since. In politics Mr. Simrell is a Republican. In 1875 he was appointed by the U. S. Circuit Court commissioner for the western district of Pennsylvania, which position he held up to January ist, 1880. He received the nom- ination of the Republican party for district attorney in 1878 and was elected; but by the decision of the Supreme Court the election being declared void, he did not serve. At the election in 1879, having again received the nomi- nation of his party to the office, he was elected, and he is the present incumbent of the office, the duties of which he has filled to the entire satisfaction of the community. Of the many young attorneys who largely compose the membership of the Lackawanna county bar, it may well be said that none have made a better record or give greater promise of future success in the profession than Eugene W. Simrell. ^- =4* <^ BANKS OF SCRANTON— WARDS AND OFFICERS. 40s The Scranton Savings Bank and Trust Company was organized December 13th, 1873, and opened for business June loth, 1874, with a capital of $250,000, and with the following directors and officers: John Handley, E. A. Coray, F. D. Collins, U. M. Stowers, E. N. Willard, Thooias Phillips and Rev. Moses Whitty, directors; E. N. Willard, president; John Handley and Rev. Moses Whitty, vice-presidents; L. A. Watres, cashier. January 4th, 1875, John Handley, having been elected law judge of Luzerne county, resigned the presidency and E. N. Willard was elected in his stead. A good business is now (1880) being done under the following management: Directors, E. N. Willard, William M. Silkraan, E. P. Kingsbury, Hon. F. D. Collins, M. J. Wilson and L. A. Watres; president, E. N. Willard; vice-president, Wil- liam M. Silkman; secretary, L. A. Watres; cashier, A. H. Christy. The Scranton City Bank was incorporated in 1S73. The capital is $500,000. The president is Victor Koch; the cashier, J. H. Gunster. The Miners and Mechanics' Loan and Banking Associa- tion, of Hyde Park, was organized in May, 1874, with the following named officers: Hon. George Sanderson, pres- ident; A. B. Stevens, secretary and treasurer; H. T. Sawyer, cashier. Mr. Sawyer was succeeded by L. Rey- nolds in 1876. Mr. Reynolds died in November, 1877, and was succeeded by the present cashier, A. B. Eynon. The Citizens and Miners' Savirigs Bank and Trust Com- pany of Providence, now in the hands of assignees, had its origin in the private banking firm of Winton, Clark & Co. There have been from time to time private banking offices opened in different parts of the city. Incorporation and Civil History. The city of Scranton was incorporated April 23d, 1866, and embraces within its territorial limits all that then remained of the ancient township of Providence and the boroughs of Providence, Hyde Park and Scranton. The act of incorporation provided for the division of the city into twelve wards, constituted as follows: ist ward, that part of the borough of Providence lying north- east of East Market street and the old road leading to Scranton; 2nd ward, the remaining portion of the borough of Providence, lying southwest of said street and road; 3d ward, the remaining portion of the township of Provi- dence; 4th ward, that part of the borough of Hyde Park lying northeast of Jackson street and the road leading to Scranton; sth ward, that portion of Hyde Park borough lying southwest of the said street and road and west of the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg Railroad track; 6th ward, the remaining portions of the borough of Hyde Park, lying east of said railway and south of the road to Scranton; 7th ward, all that portion of Scranton borough lying north of Pine brook; 8th ward, that portion of the said borough lying south of Pine brook and north of Roaring brook between the Lackawanna river and Wash- ington avenue; 9th ward, that portion of the said borough lying north of Roaring brook and between Washington avenue and the southeasterly borough line, except so much of said territory as was included in the tenth ward; loth ward, that portion of the said borough bounded on the southwest by Olive street, on the northwest by Clay avenue, on the northeast by the borough line and the boundary line of said borough on the southeast; nth ward, that portion of the said borough lying south of Roaring brook, between the Lackawanna river and Pitts- ton avenue; 12th ward; the remaining portion of the said borough lying southwest of Roaring brook and* southeast of Pittston avenue. In 1875 the 2nd, 4th, 5th, Sth and 9th wards were divided, creating the 13th, 14th, 15th, i6th and 17th wards. The 13th was formed from a part of the second and a small portion of the borough of Diinmore; the 14th was taken from the 4th, the 15th from the 5th. thei6th from the 8th and the 17th from the 9th. In 1876 the 6th and 12th wards were divided, creating the 18th from the former and the 19th and 20th wards from the latter. The 3d ward was divided in 1877, forming the 21st. Under the act of April 23d, 1866, each of the wards was entitled to one member in the select and two mem- bers in the common council, to be elected at the annual municipal elections, held on the first Tuesday of June. An act supplementary to that above referred to was passed March 30th, 1867, reducing the number of members of the common council so that each ward should have only one representative in that branch. This apportionment continued in force until April 4th, 1877, when the new charter, under the act of May 23d, 1874, was adopted, by authority of which each ward was again entitled to two members of the common council and an additional member for every four hundred taxable inhabitants and fraction thereof exceeding three hundred. The successive mayors, with their terms of service under the first charter, were as follows: E. S. M. Hill, 1866-69; William N. Monies, 1 869.-7 2; M. W. Loftus, 1872-75; R. H McKune, 1875-78. The first select council was organized June 9th, 1866, at the office of Hand & Post. S. G. Oram was unani- mously chosen chairman and E. N. Willard secretary. The following were the members of the council: ist ward, Henry Roberts; 2nd, Frank B. Marsh; 3d, S. G. Oram; 4th, A. B. Stevens; 5th, Edmund Heerraans; 6th, Patrick Mahon; 7th, Patrick Scanlon; Sth, Samuel Shopland; gth, Alfred Hand; loth, Maurice Taner; nth, Jacob Robinson; 12th, Darby Melvin. The first common council was organized at Washing- ton Hall, June 23d, 1866. J. H. Gunster was chosen chairman and Charles Du Pont Breck secretary. The members were T. F. Hunt, George Grteber, George Griffin, D. Evans, James Brogan, John Waller, H. O. Silkman, Walter Phillips, Joseph Westhausen, William P. Connell, Thomas Watkins, Patrick Walsh, Paul Jones, Michael Corbett, Charles Schlager, Thomas E. Geddis, L. Toomey, Peter Gallagher, F. W. Watson, Adam Koch, George Hartman, John Walsh, J. H. Gunster and J. T. Walsh. Under the act of April 23d, 1866, the select council exercised the functions of ex officio commissioners, and '<'^ Jil 40 6 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. as such had complete control of the city finances, making contracts, levying taxes and disbursing all public money. Under the act of May 23d, 1874, the select and common councils have equal power in passing bills, enacting ordi- nances and the transaction of other business formerly belonging to the select council only. After claims are presented against the city they must pass both councils, and afterward the mayor and the controller must both approve them before they cnr; ' e paid; and the controller is empowered to take legal evidence and demand that any claim shall be sworn to if he has any reason to sus- pect it. The new charter was adopted by the council March i6th, 1877. The action of the councils was as soon as practicable reported to the governor of Pennsylvania, who approved the same and issued letters patent to the city April 4th following. Charles Du Pont Breck was elected first controller. He was succeeded by E. P. Kingsbury. The first mayor elected under the new charter, T. V. Powderly, was elected in 1878 and re- elected in 1880. According to the report of the controller of the city, the following is the financial statement of the resources and indebtedness for the year ending March 31st, 1879: Bonded debt, $326,300; floating debt, represented by warrants outstanding, $18,797.43; unsettled claims to date, $8,001.69; total $353,099.09; less resources ($154,- 026.70), $199,072.39, the net debt; showing an actual decrease in the net debt of $47,789.39 since the control- ler's last annual report. The following is a list of the aldermen elected in the different wards of the city: First ward— G. W. Miller, 1870, 1875. Seooiia-Ebonezer Leach, 1670, 1875; J. L. Lawrence, 1877. Tliird-Michael Gallafflier, 1807, 1873 ; Thomas Dougrherty, 1875. Fourth— David M. Jones, 1808, 1873 ; Kichard K. Cran- fleld, 1877. Fifth— Benjamin Slocum, 1880 ; John Levi, 1871 ; M. L. Blair, 1878. Sixth— Patrick Coroner, 1868 ; .Tohn Timlin, 1871; P. Mahon, 187.5, 1876. Seventh— Matthew W. Loftus, 1800, 1871, 1877; Jiilin Barrett, 1873. Eighth— Benjamin Jay, 1871; Frederick Puller, 1871; Francis E. Loomis, 1875; C. W. Rocsler, 1876. Ninth— Lewis S. Watres, 1808, 1871, 1876. Tenth —John Butterman, 1867. Eleventh— Freeman Moore, 18cn ; Leopold SohimpfE, 1874. Twelfth— Thomas D. Kelly, 1871; Michael J. Mahon, 187i; James Hannon, 1875. Thirteenth— G. P. McMillan. Fourteeth— John Cawley. Fifteenth— John Lei'i. Sixteenth— Vrederick Fuller. Seven- teenth—Isaac L. Post. These last five were commissioned March 31st, 1876. Eighteenth— James M. Brogan, 1876; .John Kelly, 1877. Nineteenth —James Hannon, 1877. Twentieth— Patrick Moore, 1877; Patrick Roach, 1878. ScRANTON Poor District. In this district (formerly known as Providence town- ship), as elsewhere in the then county of Luzerne, the poor were before the incorporation of the district cared for by the township and were farmed out to the lowest bidder. This annual hiring or letting out of the paupers is said to have been the occasion of much competition, and inasmuch as they were awarded to the lowest bidder it usually happened that the price was low and the fare correspondingly meagre. As time went on greater atten- tion here as in other portions of the country was given to the subject of public charities, and the gradual develop- ment of the present and prospective facilities for the care of the poor is the result. In April, 1862, a law was en- acted by the legislature " to authorize the erection of a poor house by the borough of Dunmore, borough of Scranton and township of Providence." The corporators and first commissioners were Edward Spencer, of Dun- more; Joseph Slocum and David K. Kressler, of Scran- ton; and Henry Griffin, of Providence. On the 30th of June, 1862, the district purchased a farm (now known as the " Hillside farm ") in the township of Newton, about nine miles from Scranton. Additions to this have since been made and it now consists of about 148 acres, the original cost of which was $9,020.50. The farm house was first used as a poor house, b, .ater another was erected. It was a wooden building 30 by 60 feet, two stories in height above the basement, and the farm house has since been used as the superintendent's residence. The insane hospital, ^o feet square, two stories in height, stands 60 feet in the rear of the old poor-house. In 1878 a new poor-house was completed. It is of brick, 50 by TOO feet and four stories in height. The dining room, kitchen, etc., are in the basement and the dormitories and other rooms in the other stories. It is heated by steam and each floor is supplied with both cold and hot water. Throughout it is well finished and it is capable of accommodating 250 paupers. The cost of the build- ing and fixtures was $r8,ooo. It is intended to build a central administrative building of brick, 56 by 64 feet, 2 stories in height above the basement, with a wing on each side, of the same height, 45 by 50 feet, for the insane, one for females, the other for males, each with a capacity for 50 patients. These are to be placed at one side of the present poor house. On the other side of these another poor house is to be built, like the present one. and when completed one will be used for males and the other for females. The Post-Office, Past and Present. The post-ofl^ce in Providence township was originally established at Slocum Hollow in 181 1, with Benjamin Slocum as the first postmaster. In 1829 the office was removed to Providence and John Vaughn was appointed postmaster. An office was established at Hyde Park in 1832. William Merrifield was postmaster there. The mail was carried weekly on horseback from Easton to Bethany, by Zephaniah Knapp, 7,1a Wilkes-Barre and Providence. It has been stated that all of the mail sent to the Lackawanna settlement at that time was a small package in comparison with the amount now received daily by any one of a number of the leading business firms of Scranton. In 1850 a post-office was established at the Hollow with John W. Moore as postmaster. The receipts for the ensuing year were $901.27. A striking contrast between the amount of postal business at that time and that of the present will be observed by reference to the following exhibit of the amount of mail matter handled at the three post-oftices within the city limits during the first seven days of November, 1879: T,.tt„,.= , A . , Scranton. HydePark. Providence. Total. Letters and postals sent, 13,380 1,180 1,0.57 15 617 Iteffular papers sent, 10,039 none 4.33 1073 Papers, books, circulars, &o., 3,381 105 109 3;."g5 350 13 B ''om Merchandise, 4^ '*i^- A. H. WINTON. A. H. Winton was bora November nth, 1838, at Scranton, Pa. He re- ceived his preparation for coUegre at Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Pa., Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., and Williaton Seminary, East Hampton. Mass. He graduated at Mount Wash- ington College, the valedictorian of his class. During this period his father was aagaged in mercantile piii-suits in New York:, and having returned to Scranton, Pa., became a leading banker, and for many years was president of the Second National Bank. After graduation our subject read law with David K. Kaudall, Esq.. and on the 22nd of August, 1860, was admitted to practice in the several coui'ts of Luzerne county, and in due time to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and the various courts of the United States. He became an accurate short-hand reporter, but never practiced it for remuneration, and declined the appointment of court reporter when tendered to him by the Hon. John N. Conynghara. His system- atic business habits, and arrangement and care of papers and dockets, won the admiration of clients and fellow attorneys, and he devised the present admirable aiTangement of keeping the dockets, issue-lists, etc., in the Protho- notaries' oflBoes at Wilkes-Barre and Scranton. He prepared and published the lAbz&rv£ Legal Jmimal^ now con- tinued under the name of the Lvzeme hegdi Register, and was long connected with the Scmntim Law Times, the legal official organ of the courts of the county of Lackawanna. Immediately after his admission to the bar he entered into a business partnership with Hon. Garrick M. Harding, late president judge of Luzerne county; and in the first three months of his law practice he was en- gaged in the famous Corwin murder trial, and in his maiden speech, in this case, at once gained renown as a talents ed. gifted and powerful debater and orator. Since then he has been engaged in very many of the most prominent criminal and civil eases, where he was associated with or opposed to many of the criminal lawyers, judges and states- men of Pennsylvania. In 1866 he removed from Wilkes-Barre to Scranton, and at once took rank among the foremost pleaders at that bar. He conducted the pros- ecution and secured the conviction of the Carbondale Bank robbers, who, being well disguised, on the 14th of January, 18T5, entered the First National Bank of Carbondale, Pa., at noon, and after gagging the cashier succeeded in escaping with many thousand dollars. In connec- tion with detective Robert Pinkerton, as counsel for the bank, Mr. Win- ton went to work with scarcely a shadow of a clue to begin with, and eventually enmeshed all the robbers and their accomplices in the net of the law, and recovered most of the stolen funds. On the 12th of December, 1874, four young men from Binghamton ar- rived in Scranton and began to buy all the oil barrels that could be ob- tained from about forty of the leading merchants in Scranton, Dun- more and adjacent villages, paving in many places nearly double price, they claiming that they needed them immediately for a Binghamton oil refinery. Suspicions were 'aroused at their strange and hasty con- duct, and it was discovered that there was a sharp law in Penosylvania fixing a penalty of $300 for selling any barrel without removing the brand of the inspector, and very many of these oil barrels were so sold. These audacious young men from another State at once began to teach Pennsylvanians their own law by bringing several suite for many thousand dollars as fines and penalties. Great consternation seized upon the merchants and they at once retained Mr. Winton, who forth- with caused the ai'rest of the young men upon a criminal charge,which was so vigorously prosecuted that they were at length glad to settle, and withdraw their suits for penalties and escape over the line, to feast their eyes upon their expensive oil barrels ; and they have never since attempted to operate in such a " corner." Mr. Winton appeared in the defense of F. A. Beamish in the celebrat- ed JPreePress libel suit, prosecuted by Judge Alfred Hand, growing out of the publication of an article entitled the "School Board Muddle;" and after a three days struggle, wherein he was pitted againstattorney gen- eral H. W. Palmer and other distinguished counsel, he bore his client through all difBculties and on the Z7th of May, 1875, secured the coveted prize of a verdict of acquittal. The court rules of Luzerne county, by reason of Various amendments, having reached a somewhat chaotic condition, the court on the 4th of January, 1878, appointed a committee to revise the same. Mr. Winton as chairman of this committee reported a complete set of rules, which were promptly approved by the rest of the committee and were soon almost entirely adopted by the court, and subsequently formed the basis for the ruU s of the court of Lackawanna county. In many other mportant causes than those named, notably that of the State vs. F. S. Pauli, in which he made the closing argument for the commonwealth Mr. Winton has taken a leading part as attorney ps-- f or prosecution or defense. In the lat- ter case he was opposed by Daniel Dougherty, the noted and eloquent lawyer of Philadelphia. Mr. Winton is often called upon for speeches on other occasions than In arguments before juries. Upon the same day he won his verdict In the last case named above, on the occasion of the opening of the armory of the Scran- ton City Guards, on behalf of the citi- zens he made the presentation speech. He was selected to make the Decoration Day address at the Academy of Music on the 80th of May, 1878, before the Veteran Association . H e has had the honor upon several occasions to deliver addresses at the request of the lady managers of the Home for the Friendless, at large assem- blies, and upon several excursions had in their behalf. He also greatly aided the Father Matthew Society by fre- quently delivering addresses and recita- tions for them. The Eobert Bums Lodge of Odd Fellows had him as their orator on one or two of their anniver- sary festivals. The struggle for a division of Luzerne county, reaching back to a time before his birth, engaged his attention for years up to 1878; when with purse, pen and tongue he became one of the most active new county advocates, daily writing editorials and nightly speaking in its behalf until the election of the 17th of August, 1878, crowned the efforts of its friends with Lackawanna county as an established fact. The 24th of October, 1877, was a red letter day in the history of Scranton, the occasion being an inspection and review of the City Guard and the first regiment of the State militia by Gover- nor J. F. Hartranft and staff. A colla- tion was tendered by the prominent citizens at noon -in the Lackawanna Val- ley House. General Morron, field and staff, of the regular army; Colonel Howard, field and staff, N. G. Pa., and other prominent national and Stiite officers and military men, who had been on active duty during the late riots, were assembled. Of Mr. Wlnton's after dinner speech made on this occasion the ScraTtUm Republican of the next day said : " Mr. Wlnton's effort was replete with eloquence, beauty, wit and fun, and he was greeted with long applause." In the temperance work Mr. Winton has manifested ability, earnest- ness and talent. When on his summer vacation in Massachusetts the papers of that State spoke of him as an "eloquent, powerful and very bril- liant temperance speaker." In July,1877, he was the orator on the occasion of a large temperance meeting at Plymouth, Pa., and theScranton Evening Star, in reporting the meeting, said : " Mr. Winton was the principal speaker of the evening, and in his eloquent style spoke for an hour, holding his audience spell-bound by his remarkable oratorical powers, apt quotations and wonderful brilliancy in describing the evils of intem- perance." Other city papers of Scranton and Wilkes-Barre have noticed his temperance addresses in the most glowing terms. At the convention of the reform party, which met at Harrisburg on the 12th of September, 1877, he was unanimously placed in nomination as candidate for the high office of judge of the Supreme Court of Penn- sylvania. The Pft,t? 4i* 408 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. iron from the cupolas, and in which it is weighed before being converted into steel; also three reverberatory fur- naces for melting the spiegel, the ofRce of which is to impart to the converted product its requisite hardness as well as to remove impurities. In each end of the cupola room is a hoisting tower, furnished with a hydraulic ele- vator of six tons capacity and fifty feet travel. The two seven-ton converters are of eight feet external diameter and fifteen feet high. These are lined with refractory material ten inches thick at the bottom of the vessel, and provided with stout trunions eighteen inches in diameter, and with hydraulic gear for rotating, mounted on iron frames and columns. They are, by means of the hy- draulic rotating gear, first put in a nearly horizontal posi- tion, for receiving the molten pig iron; next in an upright position, while the iron is being converted, and lastly in a reversed position while discharging the yet hissing steel. Immediately in front of the converters is the casting pit, thirty-eight feet in diameter and two and a half feet deep, and commanded by a central hydraulic ladle-crane of twelve tons capacity. At its extreme end is mounted a ladle which receives the steel from the converters. This ladle-crane is then swung over the several ingot-moulds in rotation, when the liquid metal is tapped from the bot- tom of the casting ladle, to avoid the slag becoming mixed with the steel. The steel ingot is then allowed to solidify, after which it is weighed and stamped with the number of the charge and its degree of hardness, and is then ready for blooming and rolling into rails. The size of the ingot depends on the weight of the rail to be pro- duced, averaging 12 inches square and 45 inches long, and for 30-foot rails 65 pounds per yard. In the con- verting-room four more hydraulic cranes are located about the castirg pit and the converters for manipula- ting the ingots, moulds, ladles and other implements. Thirty heats of yj4 tons each, or about 225 tons, are turned out every twelve hours. All the hydraulic ma- chinery is actuated by two hydraulic duplex force pumps, having two steam cylinders 20 inches in diameter, and two water cylinders 9 inches in diameter with a 24-inch stroke. Another pump is provided for use in case of accident. These pumps are in the engine room, where are also two independent horizontal and condensing blowing engines, 50 inches in diameter, and a blowing cyl- inder 54 inches in diameter and 5 feet stroke. The boiler house is occupied by a battery of 12 boilers of the loco- motive type, each having 112 tubes 16 feet long and 3 inches in diameter. The steam engines were built by the Dickson Manufacturing Company. All of the other ma- chinery described was built in the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company's shops. The steel works can now pro- duce about 120,000 tons of ingots per annum. February 25th, 1867, masons began to lay the foundation of the company's stores and offices, a commodious struc- ture TOO by 113 feet and three stories high, at the junc- tion of Lackawanna and Jefferson avenues and Ridge row. The building was completed and first occupied May 1 2 th, 1868. In addition to its old ore mines on Moosic mountains ^^ no longer used, the company has mines at Mt. Hope, N. J., with a capacity of about 150,000 tons yearly; and of Bessemer ores a mine at Brewsters, N. Y., good for 100,000 tons yearly; Baker mine, near Dover, N. J., good for 50,000 yearly, and its mine of Franklinite and Bessemer ores at Franklin, N. J., where the company has a large blast furnace. The company has three coal mines — Rolling Mill slope, Pine Brook shaft and Briggs shaft. The Briggs has workings in five different veins, but the fifth vein alone is now worked on account of the superior quality of the coal. This colliery has lately been put in excellent shape, and hoists 70 cars an hour from a depth of 450 feet, or about 1,000 tons per day. Large as this amount is, how- ever, preparations are now being made to increase it. The company does not prepare coal for market, but mines for its own use only, and raises about 400,000 tons per annum. THE DICKSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY, of Scranton and Wilkes-Barre, was organized in 1856. The partners began operations under the name of Dick- son & Co., and were engaged in constructing stationary engines, boilers and machinery for mining purposes gen- erally. A foundry and machine shop were put in oper- ation May ist, 1856, and in that year the company con- tracted for and built the engines and boilers used by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company in constructing their new road over Moosic mountain. The work gave such satisfaction that their reputation was at once estab- lished, and thenceforward their machinery was sought after for all mining and kindred purposes; and it may be justly asserted that the perfection to which they have brought this class of machinery has placed the region where their works are established far in advance in the economy of mining and preparing coal and other natural products. The panic of 1857 they weathered successfully, and to such an extent did their business subsequently increase that in 1862 they obtained a charter from the Legislature of Pennsylvania under the name of the Dickson Manufac- turing Company, with a capital of $200,000. Upon the organization of the enterprise in 1856 they employed seventy-five hands, and had about $50,000 capital. The working force was increased from time to time as the re- quirements of the business demanded, and in 1862 num- bered 350 regular employes. The capital has been increased to $800,000, with the privilege of making it $1,000,000 should that amount be required. In 1862 the company purchased the Cliff works, and there added to their business the manufacture of cars and locomotives. Greatly enlarging their works, and addmg the most improved machinery, they rapidly ac- quired a wide reputation as locomotive builders, and a large number of their engines can be found on many of the leading railroads of the country. In 1864 a planing mill adjoining the Cliff works was purchased, and to the already extensive business of the company was added the -M^ VAu^^, ^y^ JEn^ i l)y HJS. Hall •%. Sot^s 13 Barclay Si N. Y. ^h IRON AND POWDER WORKS, SCRANTON. 409 manufacture of doors, sisli, blinds, etc. This part of the business has been discontinued, as it was thought that these shops could be more profitably used for car build- ing. In 1866 the foundry and machine shops of Laning & Marshall, at Wilkes-Barre, were purchased, and a branch established there. Here are made stationary engines, boilers, all kinds of mining machinery and car wheels. In February, 1875, a fire at the Cliff works destroyed the main building, containing the power-tools, with a large quantity of material and unfinished work, involving a loss of about $200,000 more than the insurance. New buildings were at once erected, with increased capacity, and such changes introduced in the construction as it is thought renders the recurrence of any such disastrous fire almost impossible. These shops are now capable of turning out eight locomotives per month. At present (1880) the works in Scranton consist of a foundry, two machine shops, two smith shops, a car shop and a boiler shop, and the company is prepared to manu- facture the heaviest and most expensive machinery. The works in Scranton alone cover six acres, and when all the departments are in full operation they furnish em- ployment to about 1,000 men. The officers in 1880 were: George L. Dickson, presi- dent; W. H. Perkins, secretary and treasurer; W. B. Culver, general superintendent; James P. Dickson, agent at Wilkes-Barre. THE SCRANTON CITY FOUNDRY. ' Finch & Co.'s Scranton City Foundry and Machine Works are on the Hyde Park side of the river, a short distance above the railroad bridge. They were estab- lished in 1855, by A. P. Finch. The grounds were pur- chased from William Swetland, and comprise about eigh- teen city lots, with a front of something over 240 feet on the railroad. The main buildings are two stories high, 140 feet long by 40 feet wide, with additions- running back, which contain the boilers, the heavy iron planer, the core oven, etc. There is also a boiler shop 30 by 50 feet, containing all the appliances and tools necessary to that branch of the manufacture. In the rear of the grounds was erected years ago a separate building as a storehouse for patterns, and in 1879 a second pattern house was erected. In the spring of 1857 B. G. Morss, of Red Falls, N. Y., became associated with Mr. Finch, and until the spring of 1865 they carried on a general foundry and machine business, under the firm name of Finch & Morss. At that time I. A. Finch purchased Mr. Morss's interest, and the firm has since been known as Finch & Co. A. P. Finch has had many years' experi- ence as proprietor and manager, and I. A. Finch has gained a practical knowledge of the business, which ena- bles him to assume the active management of the con- cern the elder Finch now devoting much of his time to the management of an extensive hardware trade in Hyde Park. For years the firm manufactured a turbine water wheel, a useful invention of the senior partner. They do a thriving business in the manufacture of stationary and portable engines, mining machinery, circular saw-mills, iron fronts for buildings, and steam heating apparatus. The works are stocked with machinery capable of turn- ing out the heaviest work, which is driven by a twenty- five horse-power enj^ine of the firm's own manufacture. THE MOOSIC POWDER COMPANY. The Moosic Powder Company, whose general office is at Scranton, has a stock capital of $300,000. It was organized April 22nd, 1865, with $100,000 capital, at the instance of several of the principal managers and coal operators of the region, who had been greatly troubled during the war to procure blasting powder; in connection with members of the Smith and Rand Powder Company, of New York. Its works were built near Jermyn, about five miles below Carbondale; had a capacity of about 200 kegs of blasting powder per day, and were managed by George W. Rand, brother of the president of the Smith and Rand Powder Company. In 1869 the firm of Laflins, Boies & Twick, which had in 1865 purchased the Raynor works on Spring Brook, at Moosic, and re- built them, was consolidated with the Moosic Powder Company. The Spring Brook mills had a capacity of producing 650 kegs per day and were under the manage- ment of H. M. Boies, one of the partners, who now be- came president of the new company, the capital being increased to the present amount. In May, 1872, the old IMoosic works near Jermyn were blown up, and they were rebuilt, with a capacity of 350 kegs per day. The company therefore is able to manufacture 1,000 kegs of blasting powder daily. The works have been run only half time during the period of depression in the coal business. The president, Mr. Boies, inherits a natural taste for the business, being in the third generation of powder manufacturers in his family; he is the patentee of several valuable improvements, the most important of which per- haps is the idea of packing the powder in flexible water- proof tubing, so that miners may prepare their charges without exposing the powder either to the moist air of the mines or the fire of their lamps, from which latter cause many fatal and serious accidents have occurred. J. C. Piatt, formerly manager of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company's stores, is treasurer of the company, and J. D. Sherer has been its secretary ever since the consolidation with Laflins, Boies & Twick. The Moosic mills are run under the efficient superintendence o( W. E. Olds, an old powder maker, and the Jermyn mills under that of his son-in-law, W. S. Hutchings, who has grown up with the company. BRASS AND FILE WORKS. Prominent among the manufacturing interests of the city is the Scranton Brass and File Works of J. M. Ever- hart. This establishment was founded in 1853 by John McLaren. In 187 1 Mr. Everhart entered into partner- ship with him. They continued business until October, 1873, under the firm name' of McLaren & Everhart, when, at the death of Mr. McLaren, Mr. Everhart be- ^-4^ *€^ ^H 410 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. 4= came the sole proprietor. Always employing skilled labor, and using only new metals, he has more than quad- rupled the former capacity of the factory; and turning out only the best quality of work he does a more exten- sive business than any similar establishment in eastern Pennsylvania. In 1875 he begun the manufacture of the Carr & Wilcox cut file. The works are on Cliff street. Mr. Everhart employs as many men manu- facturing files as in his brass works, and contemplates a still further increase of facilities at an early date. John H. Hilpert, who has been in Mr. Everhart's em- ploy for the past five years and now holds the position of superintendent of the works, ably seconds the pro- prietor's efforts toward an extension of the business. THE SCRANTON FILE WORKS were established on Green Ridge avenue by Guesford & Sheldon in September, 1875. The present factory was erected in 1876, and occupied in September of that year. In August, 1879, Charles Guesford became the sole pro- prietor. About a dozen hands are employed; the an- nual product of the factory is about $7,000, and the de- mand is constantly increasing. If facilities permitted, twice the amount of business could be done. A full line of files and rasps is manufactured. SPENCER & price's Green Ridge Merchant Iron Mill, an establishment of comparatively recent date, should also be mentioned among the busy and thriving iron works of Scranton. MILLING operations. Elsewhere is given the milling history of Scranton pre- vious to the erection of the old Jeffries grist-mill at Pro- vidence, about 1840. A few years later this mill was bought by a Mr. Campbell, of Carbondale. It passed from his hands to those of Horatio Pierce about 1865. In 1866 or 1867 Allen Anderson became the owner, and Edgar Frear in 1870. It has been run since that time by Frear & Maynard, Edgar Frear and Jacob T. Nyhart successively. About 1861 Patterson & Johnson erected a flouring and feed mill opposite the Dickson works on Penn av- enue. After a few years Mr Johnson withdrew and the business was continued by David Patterson until 1868, when it was purchased by D. Silkman & Co. They were succeeded about two years later by D. B. Oakes & Co., who in a year or two converted the establishment into a brewery. White's steam flouring mill, on Centre street and Mif- flin avenue, was erected in 1864 and 1865 by Seybolt & White, and was leased for five years to John Phillips & Co. Six months before the expiration of the lease the firm of Phillips & Co. was succeeded by that of Phillips & Seybolt, who conducted a successful business until the destruction of the mill by fire October 8th, 187 1. An- other mill, of double the capacity of the former one, was immediately erected on the same site by Seybolt & White. A portion of its machinery was put in motion May 27th 1872, and the mill was completed in the following Sep- tember. It was leased for five years to Phillips & Sey- bolt, but at the expiration of two years Calvin Seybolt purchased the interest of his partner, John Phillips, and he has since operated the establishment very suc- cessfully. The Weston Mill Company (limited), the successors of C. T. Weston & Co. (limited) and C. T. Weston & Co., was organized in the fall of 1864 for manufacturing flour and feed on Lackawanna avenue, having already in opera- tion a small feed-mill in Carbondale. The business was continued under the style of C. T. Wetson & Co., under the active management of Charles T. Weston, until the autumn of 1874, when it was reorganized with Charles T. Weston as president; J. C. Piatt as secretary and A. W. Dickson as treasurer. Two years later C. T. Weston retired; J. C. Piatt was chosen president, and A. W. Dickson secretary and treasurer and active business man- ager, the firm name being changed to the Weston Mill Company (limited). In the spring of 1879 the large four- story building No. 45 Lackawanna avenue was leased and fitted with new and improved machinery for making crackers and cakes and other baker's products. The success of the Lackawanna Steam Biscuit Bakery has demonstrated the wisdom of the movement. The founder of the firm of C. T. Weston & Co. came to Scranton in 1864 from Carbondale, to which place he had removed during the early years of the war from Riv- erton, Va., where he had been engaged for some yeais in milling, until his property was burned by the federal forces under General Sheridan. The present business, manager, A. W. Dickson, came to Scranton from Phila- delphia in 1865, and has since been in service with the concern as employe or partner. The Rockwell grist mill, at Providence, was erected in 1876. axes and edge tools. In 1840 Jerison White built the first edge tool factory at Capoose, and soon after sold out to Pulaski Carter, removed to Providence and erected a second factory, which, with his dwelling, was swept away by a flood. He built a small, rude shop, in which he placed a bellows, and with the help of a boy began business on a limited scale. He built a factory in 1847 and occupied it until 1861, when he sold it to his nephew, Crandall White, who conducted it a while. After the war Edward H. White was taken into partnership with his father, J. White, and they resumed business, removing to Green Ridge avenue in 1874, where they had erected the shops now standing there unoccupied. They abandoned the business in May, 1878. For many years the establishment enjoyed the highest reputation, the specialty being axes of all kinds. These were made of the best Sheffield steel and tempered by a process of the senior proprietor's. They were also the inventors and manufacturers of an improved pruning hatchet and box opener, which had a large sale. In 1841 the land at Capoose came into the hands of Pulaski Carter, a young man from Windham county. 4^ '^v HENRY SOMMERS. Henry Soramers was born June 24tli, 1829, in the vil- lage of Laudenbach-am-Meisner, Germany, then under the protectorate of Austria. He emigrated to the United States at the age of fifteen. After a tedious voyage of about three months he landed at New York in May, 1845. His brother, Peter Sommers, some years his senior, had preceded him several years, and located in Carbondale. Pa. Young Sommers at once proceeded to the home of his brother Peter, by the way of Rondout and the Delaware and Hudson Canal to Honesdale, and thence by the gravity road to Carbondale — there being no railway facilities in those days between New York and northern Pennsylvania. Shortly after being settled in the home of his brother he was bound an apprentice to John Reider, the principal watchmaker and jeweler of Carbondale, to learn the art and mystery of the trade. Young Henry was faithful and industrious, soon becom- ing an expert at his trade, winning the confidence and esteem of his employer and patrons. At the age of twenty-one he determined to enter the battle of life on his own resources. So in 1850 he re- moved to the borough of Dunmore, and swung out his shingle, " Henry Soramers, Watchmaker "; where here- sided and continued in active business until 1880, when he entered on the duties of prothonotary of Lackawanna county. In 1855 Mr. Sommers married Miss Sarah A. Griffin, daughter of Thomas Griffin, of Providence, one of the oldest and most honorable families in the Lackawanna valley. Their union has been a long and happy one. They have had two children, daughters, now grown to ripe womanhood, of fine culture and refinement. In political faith Mr. Sommers is a Republican, having connected himself with the party at the time of its organ- ization and ever since been an active worker for its suc- cess and perpetuity. He has been honored by the na- tional government and the judiciary of his county with several important and responsible public offices. In the year 1856 he was appointed postmaster of Dunmore, under the administration of President Pierce, which of- fice he held until he resigned in 1861. He was again com- missioned for the same office in 1872 by President Grant, and held the same until he resigned in January, 1880. In 1 87 1 he was appointed by Hon. Garrick M. Harding, president judge of Luzerne county, director of the poor, representing Dunmore borough in the Providence poor district, to which he was reappointed in 1877, and again in 1880, by Judge Rice, president judge of Luzerne county, for three years. For the past three years he has been honored with the position of president of the board. In the fall of 1878 the new county of Lackawanna was formed out of part of Luzerne county. Governor Hart- ranft made the appointments of the several county officers. At the fall election that year Mr. Sommers was duly elected to the office of prothonotary, on the regular Republican ticket; but by a decision of the Supreme Court the appointees of the governor held over until January, i88o. In the fall of 1879 Mr. Sommers was again nominated by the Republican party and triumph- antly elected, although the new county is largely Demo- cratic. As an evidence of the popularity and high esteem in which Mr. Sommers is held in his own borough, where, he has resided for the past thirty years, it is a fact that where the Democrats poll nearly 300 ma- jority Mr. Sommers received a clear majority of 303. In all the relations of life, private and public, Mr. Sommers has proved by his conduct a worthy, reliable officer and citizen, having the confidence and esteem of all who have had business connections with him, ever cautious and gentlemanly in his deportment. His history is worthy of record — how a stranger emigrant to our country, from humble conditions in early life, can by in- dustry and perseverance build up a character that will win his way up, against adverse circumstances, to posi- tions of honor and trust. =*=(N If =4 LEOPOLD SCHIMPFF. Leopold Schimpff was born in the city of Landau, in the Rheinfalz or Palatinate of Germany, November 14th, 1844. After receiving a good common school education he learned the trade of a baker with his. father, who there had an extensive business. At the age of fifteen he com- menced to travel, which every journeyman in Germany is obliged to do for at least three years, at the expiration of which time he can start for himself. His travels were mainly in southern Germany, but he also journeyed ex- tensively in the Tyrol, Steinmark, Hungary, Slavonia, the Danubian principalities and Italy. At Vienna, the cap- ital of Austria, he located, intending to make that city his permanent residence, and worked at his trade until his parents concluded to emigrate to America, when he left for home, after an absence of two years. Coming to this country with his parents he located in Scranton, and he has lived here ever since. Mr. Schimpff was in his seventeenth year when he arrived in this country, and only a short time after his arrival the war broke out be- tween North and South. He enlisted in a New York regiment of artillery and served two years, participating in the battles of Winchester, Cross Keys and the second battle of Bull Run. After two years' service in the artil- lery he enlisted in the igth Pennsylvania cavalry, served three years and was discharged May i6th, 1866, at New Orleans. The regiment in -which he served did glorious work in the Western Army, under General Grierson. Since his return from the army he has been in Scran- ton. In 1869 he was employed as book-keeper in the brewery of Philip Robinson, jr., which position he filled for nine years. Since the death of Mr. Robinson Mr. Schimpff has had the entire management and super- vision of the business. He was elected alderman of the eleventh ward in 1874, with 260 votes for and only one vote against him. During his eventful life Mr. Schimpff has made a record of which any American citizen may well be proud. There was no necessity for him to join the army when he enlisted. He was an alien and a minor, and a wide field was open for a man of his ability in the then prosperous Union; but casting aside self-interest he enrolled himself among the patriots who succeeded in saving the Union from dis- memberment and dishonor. His comrades in the hard- fought battles in which he participated bear witness to the unflinching bravery of their beardless comrade, and tell many tales of his dauntless courage. In civil as well as military life Mr. Schimpff is respected by all who know him. The general satisfaction expressed in his appointment as coroner in 1878, and the fact that but one vote was cast against him when he was a candidate for an office in his own ward, are conclusive testimony of the esteem in which he is held in the community. ^¥ AX, SCYTHE AND STOVE WORKS, SCRANTON— BREWERIES. 411 Conn., who rented the recently built shop of Jerison White, and in the fall of that year put three trip hammers and three forges in motion, and, purchasing the property, established what is now known far and wide throughout the State as " Carter's Capouse " works. Three oper- ators besides himself were employed in 1841, using three tons and a half of iron and making 180 dozen scythes and 160 dozen axes, which were ground, polished, boxed and sold by Mr. Carter himself, who was foreman, salesman and bookkeeper. The pioneers in this section pronounced these implements of superior quality. The shop, then a single building, thirty by fifty feet, has given place to a cluster of thirty or more buildings. One hundred tons of iron are used annually, and more than 1,000 dozen scythes and 2,000 dozen axes, besides a large number of edged tools used by workers of wood, iron and stone, and embracing carpenters' and railroad and track adzes, and miners' and gravel picks, grub hoes, drills, crowbars, wedges and harrow teeth, are produced. Blake & Co., in the spring of 1863, established an ax fac- tory where the office of the Cliff works now stands. The establishment was burned about 1867 and was not rebuilt. In 1876 a building was erected at Green Ridge, which was opened in April of that year by Messrs. J. W. Pike c& Co. as a manufactory of mining and edge tools. The business increased steadily, several men being employed in the shop, until the building was burned in January, 1880. Other accommodations were soon secured and business was resumed. During 1879 about $500 worth of tools were turned out per month. STOVE MANUFACTURE. The Scranton Stove Manufacturing Company was or- ganized in July, 1865, under the firm name of Fisher & Co. It was the design to manufacture stoves and hollow ware. The first manufactured articles were produced in December of the same year. In May, 1868, the company was largely increased in membership and capital, and in- corporated, having as directors H. S. Pierce, T. F. and A. E. Hunt, C. H. and W. G. Doud, S. Grant and J. A. Price. H. S. Pierce was elected president, and J. A. Price general superintendent and treasurer. The prop- erty of the company is centrally located, in proximity to the shipping points of the various railroads centering in Scranton. The buildings consist of a foundry building, two fitting, mounting and machine buildings, and two warehouses. The capacity of the establishment is about thirty stoves per day, requiring the employment of about 80 men. During the season of 1879 the facilities were increased. The company have adopted the recent useful invention in stove grates called " the dock ash " grate, the demand for which has been constantly ahead of the ability to supply, and indicates a very extensive increase during the coming year. New buildings are contemplat- ed, and this industry, the first important one of its kind in northeastern Pennsylvania, bids fair to rival the larger and older growths of stove manufacturing centers. The stove manufactory of H. O. Silkman, at Provi- dence, was long a prominent business interest. THE BREWING INTEREST. The first brewery in Scranton was the Scranton City Brewery, on Cedar street, established in 1854 by Philip Robinson, sen. A few years later the business passed into the hands of his sons, Jacob, Philip, jr., and Chris- tian, and was conducted by them Linder the firm name of Jacob Robinson & Co., erecting the present building in 1864. In 1868 this firm was succeeded by Philip Robin- son, jr., who died September 12th, 1879, leaving the en- terprise to his family, under the supervision of Mr. Leo- pold Schimpff, who has been connected with the business of Mr. Robinson since 1869. The buildings are to be greatly enlarged, and the capacity of the brewery increas- ed to 20,000 barrels yearly. About 7,000 barrels of lager are now manufactured annually. An engraving of this brewi.ry appears herewith. .^>r%' Til' g;.,P- "''*i« I" EI \^itt The well known brewery of E. Robinson, at the foot of Seventh street, Hj'de Park, was completed and occu- pied in 1876. A large ice-house was erected in 1879. The business, under the proprietor's efficient management, has been successful. About twenty men are employed and from 15,000 to 20,000 barrels of hger are made annually. E. Robinsons brewery is represented below. The Star Ale Brewery was established at the end of Scranton avenue bridge, in Hyde Park, in i860, by Pos- ^i-= ^'^ SU&^R LOAF MQUNTAIH I^S.of Mrs. JOHN ENGLE , Seybertsville.Sugarloaf Township ,Luzeri\e Co.,Pa.. ii r ta*t^. HUNT BROTHERS&CO, DEALERS IN HARDWARE, SCRANTON.PA. \^ ^ or J.W. DENISON, Mehoopany Tp., Pa. Wyoming County. !• *^ HON. HENRY LOVE, jvlehoopany Tp, Pa. Wyoming County. .7-^c^y A . H . RUSSE L L, Washington Tp., Pa. Wyoming County. =^^ BUSINESS CORPORATIONS, SCRANTON. 413 Pennsylvania. Their business is extensive. They paid for revenue stamps in 1878 $62,305.80; in 1879, eight months, $40,852.08, making a total in twenty months of $103,157.88. Among the prominent objects of the Scranton board of trade are the establishment of manufactures and the encouragement of industrial enterprises. This organiza- tion proposes to institute measures for the utilization of the culm or waste coal deposit for furnishing steam heat and steam power from a central point to any section within a radius of three nifles. Insurance. T/ie Cambrian Mutual Fire Insurance Couipatiy, Hyde Park, was established in January, 1S71. Its assets Decem- ber 31st, 1878, were $10,567,50; its premium notes sub- ject to assessment amounted to $117,050.68; the total expense for the year 1878 was $1,190.11. 'Uie business of.the company for 1S79 improved its standing. Property owned by the Welsh people in Lackawanna and adjoin- ing counties is seldom burned and the risk is small. The Cambrian Fire Insurance Company was formed to insure this class of property. The officers for 1879 were as fol- lows: President, B. Hughes; vice-president, Edward Hughes; treasurer, D. M. Jones; secretary, B. E. Evans. There are fifteen directors, five elected annually. The Mutual Fire Insurance Company of Scranton, 426 Lackawanna avenue, was chartered in 1875. In April, 1878, the following officers were elected: Hon. John Handley, president; George L. Dickson, vice-presi- dent; E. P. Kingsbursy, treasurer; William Assion, sec- retary; directors, Hon. John Handley, George L. Dick- son, E. P. Kingsbury, Hon. F. D. Collins, D. B. Brainard, B. E. Leonard, Hon. F. W. Gunster, P. McCann, J. H. Gunster and James Jordan. ^ Gas and Water Companies. The Scranton Gas and Water Company was chartered March 16th, 1854, and organized in 1857, with the fol- lowing officers and directors: Joseph H. Scranton, jjres- ident; George Sanderson, S. & T.; T. F. Hunt, E. H. Kerlin, James Fuller, C. D. Rockwell and W. E. Rogers, directors. The following are the names of the officers and directors in January, 1880: W. W. Scranton, presi- dent; George B. Hand, secretary; G. E. Judson, super- intendent and treasurer; Thomas Dickson, J. J. Albright, Joseph Godfrey, James Archbald, Henry Battin and C. E. Judson, directors. The company has t,^ miles of gas and water pipe, from 24 down to 3 inches in diameter. The gas works can make 300,000 cubic feet of gas daily and store 120,000 feet. The gas is manufactured by the Lowe process; no public lamps are lighted by the com- pany. There are 300,000,000 gallons of water constantly on storage, and the present daily consumption is about 5,000,000 gallons. The mains can supply 14,000,000 gallons daily. There are loi hydrants. The works cost over $700,000 and expensive additions have been made from time to time. Very large extensions in the water department were made in 1879, and others still rnore ex- tensive were decided on for 1880. The Hyde Park Gas Company was organized August 18th. 1875, with Thomas Phillips as president, A. Davis as secretary, William Merrifield as treasurer and Martin Maloney as superintendent, and the same as directors. The following are the names of those in office in January, 1880: W. W. Scranton, president; George B. Hand, secretary and treasurer; C. E. Judson, superintendent and engineer; Joseph Godfrey, C. E. Judson, W. W. Manness and Martin Maloney, directors. This company has about two and a half miles of pipe and lights sixty- three public lamps. A water company with necessary facilities for supply- ing that portion of the city is in existence in Providence. Street Railways. Hyde Park, Providence, Scranton, Dunmore and Green Ridge are connected by the People's Street Rail- way, formed by the consolidation of the Scranton and Providence Passenger Railway and the People's Street Railroad May nth, 1868. The companies were formed and operations begun in 1867, and for a time previous to their consolidation they bitterly contested their respect- ive claims to the principal streets. The president of the People's Company at its organization was James Blair; of the other, Hon. George Sanderson. The officers and directors of the former in 1880 were aj follows: William Matthews, president; Alfred Hand, secretary and treas- urer; William Matthew's, James Blair, J. C. Piatt, William Connell, W. W. Scranton, W. R. Storrs, Alfred Hand, W. W. Winton and John B. Smith. The length of the road is nine and one-half miles. During the year ending October 31st, 1878, 235,163 passengers were carried over the road. Halls — The Opera House — The Academy of Music. Before the days of public halls there stood on an eminence of solid rock where Jefferson avenue now is, between the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company's stores and the carriage entrance to J. C. Piatt's grounds, a structiire known as Odd Fellow's Hall, which was erected by the early Odd Fellows of Scranton. It was taken down in 1865 and re-erected as a block of dwellings on Dodge street, near the old rolling mill. In this quaint building were formed the early societies of Scranton. For years it was a public hall, open to all for all proper purposes, and the people assembled there for amusement, deliberation and worship. This building was occupied only rarely after the completion of Washington Hall, in the brick block at Lackawanna and Penn avenues, now in use as the Lackawanna county court room. Other commodious halls have been opened from time to time within the city limits, one of the oldest of which is Pa- noo-ka Hall, in Providence. Klein's Opera House was erected in 1871 by E. C. Klein. It passed into the possession of the Scranton Opera House Company in 1874. That company was or- ganized with E. Frear as president and O. C. Moore as <^ •8=^ ^=»= 414 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. secretary and treasurer. Later C. A. Stevens was presi- dent and Joseph Walker manager. The opera house was burned in March, 1876. The Academy of Music, on Wyoming avenv.e, was erected in 1876-77 at a cost of $40,000, exclusive of the site, by a stock company consisting of James Blair (presi- dent), James S. Slocum, T. F. Hunt, A. E. Hunt and J. H. Sutphin (treasurer). It is one of the most complete theatres in the country. It is on the ground floor and has a seating capacity of 1,500, divided into parquet and dress-circle, balcony circle and gallery. The stage is 35 by 60 feet. The academy was opened in April, 1877, under the management of Joseph Walker. C. H. Lind- say assumed the management in the following September, and has since conducted the academy with marked suc- cess. The company in 1879 consisted of James Blair (president), J. A. Linen (treasurer), James S. Slocum, A. S. Blair and J. S. Blair. The School of the Lackawanna. In September, 1873, Rev. Thomas M. Cann, A. M., es- tablisued a young ladies' institute. A male department was added. A suitable building having been erected in February, 1875, the two departments were put into opera- tion under the name of th-e Young Lndies' Institute and Boys' Classical Academy. In March, 1876, an advisory board of trustees, of which Hon. Alfred Hand was made president, was called in, and the school reorganized under the name of The School of the Lackawanna. The institution has earnestly worked in the cause of higher education and Christian culture. Many of its male grad- uates are to be found in colleges or in business, and two classes of young ladies have received the medal of the institution upon their graduation. The curriculum em- braces not only the ordinary classical and scientific pre- paration for college and university education, but also instruction in music, painting and the modern languages. The instructors are teachers of skill and experience, having made the science of education and the art of teaching a life work. Forest Hill Cemetery Association. The Forest Hill Cemetery Association was organized in the fall of 1869 and incorporated in April, 1870. The act of incorporation decrees that the proceeds of all sales of lots shall be devoted exclusively to the purchase, preserva- tion, improvement and embellishment of the cemetery and to the payment of its current and incidental ex- penses. George Sanderson, EHsha Phinney, J. A. Rob- ertson, J. Gardner Sanderson and C. Du Pont Breck were elected trustees. The present (1879) officers are as follows: George Sanderson, president; J. A. Robertson, superintendent; and they with the other trustees above mentioned, constitute the management. A location was decided upon and the ground purchased for a cemetery late in the autumn of 1869. The tract contains 48 acres; is situated on the heights near Green Ridge, and within its borders when completed will be three small lakes. The ground is undulating and diversified, presenting many changes of surface and scenery. The cemetery is divided into sections and blocks, separated by avenues, lanes and paths, the main continuous avenue extending more than two miles in length, and is provided with con- veniences common to cemeteries. There are some fine monuments and vaults noticeable, among which are the Tripp monument and those of Messrs. Matthews and Connell and the vault of Mrs. Barnes. Each lot contains 300 square feet and is surrounded by paths. Up to the winter of 1879 there had been about 900 interments, and about $40,000 had been expended in permanent im- provements. Local Railway Enterprise — Railway Commu- nications. The first meeting of the commissioners to obtain sub- scriptions to the capital stock of the Leggett's Gap Rail- road, which^ afterwards became the northern division of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, was held in Scranton March 7th, 1849. January 2nd, 1850, the first meeting of the stockholders for the election of officers was held in Scranton. H. W. Drinker was elected chairman; John S. Sherrerd, secretary; and William H. Tripp and J. C. Piatt judges of the election. These names and most of the following (those of the officers chosen) are familiar to every citizen who has grown to manhood in Scranton: John J. Phelps, president; Sel- den T. Scranton, treasurer; Charles F. Mattes, secretary; John I. Blair, Henry W. Drinker, J. C. Piatt, Jeremiah Clark, Andrew Bedford, George W. Scranton, Joseph H. Scranton, Fred R. Griffin, Daniel S. Miller and Charles Fuller, managers. Some of these men are among the most prominent residents of the city. March 28th, 1850, Colonel George W. Scranton was appointed general agent and the road was so far completed under his oer- sonal management as to be open for traffic October 20th, 185 1, though nine days previously the first train of cars that entered Scranton came down from Great Bend under charge of Conductor Richard W. Olmstead, drawn by the locomotive " Wyoming." In April of this year the corporate name of the company had been changed to the Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company. The Delaware and Cobb's Gap Railroad Company, which had been organized in 1850, with Selden T. and Joseph H. Scranton and J. C. Piatt among its directors, and C. F. Mattes as secretary, was consolidated with the Lacka- wanna and Western Railroad Company early in 1853, and completed in 1856. May 7th a passenger car was sent from Scranton to bring the directors up, and returned the next day with President George D. Phelps, the directors and others on board. Residents of Scranton have always been conspicuous in the management of the Dela- ware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad. From Scran- ton its numerous branches and connections reach out in all directions, and largely by their means is carried on that traffic which has caused a goodly city to spring up where a century ago the locality had scarcely been re- deemed from the wilderness. In a year or two, by way of its projected line from Binghamton to Buffalo, we may ^^= 4* -M^- RAILROAD FACILITIES AT SCRANTON— COLLIERIES. 415 expect to see Jay Gould's mighty "Wabash" system of western roads adding its immense business to this great trunk line. In 1853 a commodious passenger car house was erected at Scranton. The freight depot stood down in the yard, in the rear of where Hunt's hardware store now stands, and the passenger house a trifle northwest, about in the rear of the present Hitchcock & Coursen's crockery establishment. Besides making provision for all the or- dinary repairs of the rolling stock in use on the road, and the machinery and cars of the coal department, in view of the favorable location of Scranton for such purposes, and the accessibility of ample supplies of iron, lumber and other necessary materials, the managers early ar- ranged for the erection of shops and supplying them with facilities for the manufacture of cars. In 1854 these shops consisted of one brick E shaped building on Wash- ington avenue. The main building was 200 by 55 feet, and contained a smith and pattern shop, the office and the engine and boiler room. The two wings were each 200 by 55 feet; the western one was used as a car and repair shop, and the eastern one as an engine house and repair shop. In 1855 an iron foundry was erected on the same street, and a round house at the north ends of the two wings of the shops was begun, which when com- pleted, in 1856, was surmounted by a dome 98 feet high, and was large enough to house 30 locomotives. The dome was one of the most sightly objects in the place, but in 1865 it was found to be settling and was taken down. The growing business of the road necessitated an addition to the shop room, and a building 100 feet square was erected north of the main building and between the two wings, between 1857 and i860; and in 1862 a smith- shop was built on the south side of Washington avenue, near the other buildings, in which were placed a steam trip hammer and 32 forges, and the smiths were removed to it from the main building, which was afterward used as a repair shop for engines and cars. The company bought the ground between their previous purchase, on Washington street and Cliff street, for additional buildings The present large round house was begun in 1865 and completed and occupied in July, 1866. The old round house was altered and has since been used as an engine house. The company built another foundry, 100 feet square, with facilities for making about ten tons of engine and car castings per day. The depot of this company, the most sightly and commodious in the city, was completed and occupied November 28th, 1854. The old depot had previously been removed to near the site of the new one. It now constitutes a part of the freight house, a little northwest of the passenger depot. The first railroad bridge of the company at Scranton, a wooden structure, was burned April 29th, 1864. It was replaced by a temporary structure, which served until the present stone bridge was completed, which was used first May 9th, 1867. Centering in Scranton are several large railway organi- zations, connecting with all points north, south, east and west. The lines of communication include, besides the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western, the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's, the Central of New Jersey and the Pennsylvania Coal Company's road, connecting with the Erie. Hence it will be seen that the facilities for transportation and travel are excellent, and that the city is by no means dependent upon any one road for an outlet. September 8th, 1863, the first locomotive over the extension of the Delaware and Hudson reached Scranton. The works of the Dickson Manufacturing Company take the place of car and locomotive shops of this road that must otherwise have been erected in Scran- ton. About March 1st, i86o, passenger communication was opened from Scranton over the gravity road to Car- bondale. Early in the summer of 1855 a telegraph line was put up through Scranton and offices were opened at Provi- dence, Hyde Park and Dunmore. An office was opened in Scranton July 25th, 1855. A line was in operation along the southern division of the D. L. & W. Railroad late in 1859 or early in i860. Coal Mines. Within the limits of the city are the following mention- ed drifts, shafts or slopes. The Park Coal Company's slope in Hyde Park is operated by the School Fund Coal Association. It was opened in 1845. The veins are named "F" and "G," and the capacity is 350 tons per day. Two hundred men and boys are employed. From July, 1874, the slope was operated by the Park Coal Company till March, 1877, since when it has been in the hands of the present opera- tors. Mount Pleasant slope, Hyde Park, was opened by Lewis & Howell in 1854. It was operated by the Mount Pleasant Coal Company from 1864 until 1877, since then by William T. Smith. It is the property of W. Swetland's heirs. It has a capacity of 150,000 tons per annum and employs 300 men and boys. The veins are called respec- tively " Diamond," " Rock," " Big " or " G " and "Clark." William Connell & Co. own and operate Mea- dow Brook shaft and National colliery in Scranton. Each has a capacity of 150,000 tons annually. Most of the coal now shipped from the National (which was opened by the National Anthracite Coal Company in 1856 and operated by Theodore Vetterlein from 1858 to 1865 and from that time, until the succession of William Connell & Co., by the Susquehanna and Wyoming Valley Railroad and Coal Company), coines from the openings near Meadow Brook mines, and is taken to the National mines over a narrow gauge track which runs along the side of the hill. The Meadow Brook shaft, opened by Messrs. Connell & Co., in 1870, is operated by a shaft and several drifts. Five hundred men and boys are employed. The force at the National colliery is about 200, merely sufficient to prepare the coal for the market. These mines are both in the " Clark " and " Buck Mountain " veins. The following mines are operated by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company: No. 2 Diamond shaft, Tripp's slope, No. 2 slope and No. 2 -^^ 4 *4^ 41* 416 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. f shaft in Hyde Park, known as the Diamond mines, work- ing the veins known as "E,""F" and " G," producing 1,800 gross tons per day, and employing 800 men and boys; Oxford shaft, Flyde Park, in veins " E" and " F," opened by S. T. Scranton & Co , in 1862, and taken pos- session of by the company in August, 1868, having a ca- pacity of 600 tons daily; Cayuga shaft, Providence, open- ed July 20th, 1870, by the Delaware, Lackawnnna and Western Railroad Company, with a daily capacity of 700 tons, and affording employment to 280 men and- boys; Central shaft,opened by the company October 22nd, 1870, working " Big " or " G " vein, with a capacity of 900 tons per day, and employing 336 men and boys; Brisbin shaft, Providence, opened May 5th, 1875, in " G " vein, having a capacity of 800 tons per day, and employing 294 hands; Hyde Park shaft, in veins " G" and "F," open- ed in 1858, and operated since 1869 by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, capacity 700 tons per day. The Fairlawn slope was begun by contractors June i6th, 1872. The breaker was complet- ed and started August 20th, 1873, under the name of the Fairlawn colliery. The proprietors were Hosie, Robert- son & Hosie. January ist, 1874, the Archbald heirs bought the interest of John Robertson, and the firm con- tinued under the name of Hosie, Archbald & Hosie until July 30th, 1874, at which time the parlies in interest organized as the Fairlawn Coal Com- pany (limited). This mine is in the " Clark " and "Upper," "2nd" and "3d Dunmore " veins. The Fairlawn Coal Company is working the " Clark " vein alone, the capacity of which and the other veins is esti- mated at about 1,000 tons of mercliantable coal to each foot in thickness of vein per acre, the capacity of the breaker is about 275 tons per day. Eighty men and 60 boys are employed. Jermyn's Green Ridge shaft was opened by the present owner and operator, John Jermyn, June 9th, 1876. It is in the "Clark" vein and its ca- pacity is 800 tons daily; 350 to 400 men and boys are employed. Von Storch slope, Leggett's Creek slope and Marvine shaft. Providence, are operated by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. The number of employes at these collieries in 1878 was 711 inside, 1,080 outside. Capoose and Pine Brook shafts, in Hyde Park and Scranton respectively, are owned and operated by the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company, mention of whose mines will be found elsewhere. The Von Storch colliery, owned and operated by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, is in the second ward. It has a shaft 532 feet in depth and a slope 1,062 feet in length. The breaker has a capacity of 1,000 tons per day, mining from the Diamond, Clark and Fourteen- feet veins. The shaft was sunk in 1857 by the Von Storch Coal Company, composed of John Hovvarth, Joel Bowkley, B. F. Sawyer, Abel Bennett and Charles T. Pierson, with John Howarth as president. The first coal was shipped in the fall of 1858 by the Delaware, Lacka- wanna and Western Railroad. That company finally de- clining to transport the coal, the works were idle until April, 1859, when a contract was made with the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company to mine and transport the coal. It became necessary for them to sink a slope on the river bank, the shaft and breaker being about half a mile distant and a hundred feet above the level of the railroad. This new slope was commenced about the first of September, 1859, and the Diamond vein of coalwas reached the next Christmas, when a grand supper was given the employes. Thomas Dickson, now president of the D. and H. C. Company, was then superintendent of the coal department. The old breaker was removed to the new slope and the company commenced shipping coal in the summer of i860. The breaker and machinery were rebuilt in 1874 on the most improved plans. In connection with the long slope on the river bank is a tun- nel extending from the foot of the slope in the Diamond vein to the shaft. The shaft from this point is sunk to the Clark vein. From this point the coal is hoisted to the Diamond vein, and then run under ground to the foot of the slope, from where it is hoisted to the breaker on the river bank. The number of men and boys em- ployed to produce one thousand tons daily is 560, and it requires the use of twenty-three large boilers. The Marvine shaft. Providence, was sunk in 1872-73, and the first coal taken out in 1876. It belongs to the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, and taps the Fourteen-feet, Diamond and Clark veins. It produces about 850 tons per ten hours, employing 420 hands. The outside foreman is George Griffin, and the inside foreman Joseph V. Birtley. The Leggett's Creek shaft, also in Providence, was opened in 1866, by the Delaware and Hudson Company, which now owns and operates it. It takes 800 tons per ten hours from the same veins as the Marvine, employing 400 hands. J. L. Atherton is the outside superintendent and Finley Ross inside. The mining interest in Dunmore centers in the Penn- sylvania Coal Company's collieries, there being but one other in the borough. Roaring Brook colliery. Htmt, Davis & Co began operations there in 1863 and com- menced shipping coal June 20th, 1864. In 187876,053 tons of coal were produced at this mine, and between 500 and 600 men and boys were employed outside and inside. The Fire Department. Dwellings and stores were at first built principally of wood, as it was the cheapest and most available material. After a few accidental fires the necessity of fire appa- ratus was felt. The D., L. and W, Railroad Company and Lackawanna Coal and Iron Company each agreed to furnish one hand engine and three hundred feet of hose, provided the companies' property should have the prefer- ence in case of need; which was agreed to, and soon Scran- ton was rejoicing over two second-hand "gooseneck" engines, purchased in New York, together with the prom- ised hose. Ncpluiie, No. I.— As soon as it was known that an en- gine would be furnished, C. W. Roesler proceeded to or- ganize a fire company and succeeded in enrolling and uniforming about forty members, who took charge of the I'lkh; COM PAN lies ()]■■ SCRAN'l'ON. 417 engine lii'loiiniim ici ilu- )),, i„ ;,i,,| W. Riiilrond iind rliris- li'iu-il it NeiiliiiK-, N(i. I. Ii was lioiisi'd in ilic corner of one of the Hhops in the comiiany's ynrd. The following year Honic of Neiiliinc's nu'iiilicrs and olhi'is oif^ani/.i'il another conipany, look llif (jiiicr fn^int: and named it Wttshiiinlon, No. 2. The rivalry of these two conipanieH made u fiicinan's life exciting. The NepliineH generally l)rove',iivi/x/i /<'iiY /)f/>iir//Hf/i/.- As scum as the "Niagara" was (i( for service il was proposed that a regular lire department should be eslablished and the lamncil look (he proper .action. At the first election C.eorge Mshrr was chosen chief engineer and Messrs. 1''. W. Walson and J. W. brock first and second assistants. A representative body known as " ihe l''ireman's Hoard " was organized, consisting of the chief and assistant en- gineers and two delega(es from each company; of which the 'chief engineer, ,-,\' ,)///, w, was presidenl. Doetcn- A. Davis, from No. a, was eleeled secretary, and 1). K. Kressler, from No. ,i, treasurer. The borough council npproiiriated $80 for the expenses of the board. The ccnupanies not respecdng (he orders of (he chief engineer. Mr. l''isher resigned. A new " Neptune" was bought in i860. Mr. Watson kept the department together until his term expired, when he was succeeded by J. O. Kier- sted, the l.ist chief engineer under the borough. The comuiencement of the war carrying off nearly all the active members, the whole fire organization was virtually disb.inded until a destructive fire occurred in 1867, which showed tlie need of .1 fire department. At the formation of the city there were only two hand engines and one hose carriage fit for service, viz.; Frank- lin engine, of Hyde Park, Neptune engine, of Seranton, and Nay Aug hose. Jniiiikliii li'irc r(v///'(?//r was incorporated July 3d, 1855, and has since been in active service. The engine was of the Daltimore style .and rendered valuable aid at fires in Seranton .and Hyde Park until 1869, when engine house and engine were burned. The citizens subscribed $850, with which an engine was bought, and in 1876 the city gave the company a third class Silsby steamer in exchange for the hand engine, which went into the jjossession of Relief lOngine Company. Srnni/nii Ci/y Fiir J)cl>artiiicnl. — In 1867 the city councils esl.ablisliecl a fire department and bought two or three hook and ladder trucks. J. R. Keeley was elected chief engineer, and succeeded by R. Stillwell, C. W. Roesler, |i',noch Page (three terms), Henry Ferber and S. H. Stilwell, who is now serving his third term. 'J"he following comp.auies and apparatus are now in active service and uiuler the control of the city; Franklin l'',ngine rompany, ste.imer, Hyde Park; Nejitune Engine Coiiipany, steamer and hand engine. Cedar street; Nay Aug I lose Company, steamer and hose carriage, Lacka- wanii.a avenue; I'rystal Hose Company, steamer, Linden street; Liberty Hose Company and Liberty Hose Com- pany, jr., hose carriages. Providence; General Phinney Hose ("oinpany, hose carriage. Green Ridge; Relief I'higine Company, hand engine, Petersburg; Phcenix Hose ('ompany, hose carriage, Lackawanna avenue; C!oliimbia Hose Company, hose carriage, Hyde Park; ILuid-in-ILind Engine Company, awaiting an engine, Itellevue. Crystal Hose was admitted to the fire department in 187,^; Liberty Hose Company, 1868; Liberty Hose Com- pany, jr., 1.S7O; Ceneral J'hinney Hose Company, 1877; Hand in-Hand I'ingine Company, 1877; Relief Engine C'ompauy, 1878; Phuuiix Hore Cimipany, 1879; Colum- bia Hose was organized in 1S77, but has not been admit- ted. An organization called the Citizens' Fire Association was incorporated in 1807, with a capital of $5,000 in $.'5 shares, to buy a steam fire engine. The citizens bought (he steamer now in possessicm of Nay Aug Hose C'ompany. NOTAIU.I', LAROR TROUBLES. Scrandm, as th« center geographically and commer- cially of the eastern coal district, has from time to time been the scene of some of those confiiets between capital and labor common to all localities where mining and -^^ *€h 418 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. manufacturing are carried on extensively. The local troubles have been so frequent that it would be neither profitable nor interesting to notice all of them. Often they have been confined to one mine or manufacturing establishment and have been speedily adjusted without serious loss or inconvenience. The more notable strikes at Scranton occurred in 1869, in 1870-71 and in 1877. THE miners' strike OF 1869. A general strike of all the miners in the employ of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, together with those at all collieries whose coal was pur- chased by this corporation except the Nay Aug or Roar- ing Brook colliery, began May 25th, 1869, and continued until August 27th. The miners of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company struck at the same time, but did not resume work until about a week after the date last mentioned. The cause for the action of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company's miners was the refusal of the company to grant an increase of ten cents a car in the price of mining. The difficulty was finally adjusted by the promise of the company to pay the same price for mining that was paid by the Pennsyl- vania Coal Company, and not to make any reduction be- fore December ist following, without thirty days' notice. Roaring Brook colliery and the mines of the Pennsylva- nia Coal Company were worked during this period of loss and inactivity without interruption. This was the first general strike in the Lackawanna district. THE strike and RIOTS OF 187O AND 1871. December 5th, 1870, the miners of the. Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company and the Pennsylvania Coal Company stopped work. From time to time the employes of other companies joined the movement, and during the next five months and more, with few exceptions, the mines in and about Scranton, as well as throughout the entire anthracite coal region, were idle, the miners remaining stubborn in their demands for higher wages and the coal companies in their refusal to grant any concessions. The effect of the suspension was disastrous not only to miners and operators, but to the business prosperity of the city and the surrounding country, and among the former there were numerous in- stances of want and destitution. During the war the rapid increase in the demand for coal stimulated production beyond precedent, forced higher rates for mining than was paid by any other branch of industry, and attracted to the mines more men that could be profitably employed when business returned to its natural channel. To maintain the then current high wages, the miners formed an- association, which in a short time embraced the entire anthracite region, and in 1869 resolved that they would not only determine the rates to be paid for labor, but would also control and de- termine the production of the mines and the value of coal to the consumer. This new and extraordinary claim was conceded by a majority of the producers, but was successfully resisted by the Delaware, Lackawanna <^h= and Western Railroad Company, the Delaware and Hud- son Canal Company and the Pennsylvania Coal Company. This protracted period of inactivity and distress engen- dered a hostile feeling on the part of the strikers towards such of their occupation as continued to work here and there, which culminated in the well remembered riots of April 6th and 7th, 1871. On the 6th a mob gathered at Tripp's slope, and tried to prevent the men working there from coming out of the mine at quitting time. The next day men were beaten, the work at mines stopped and much property was destroyed. A breaker was burned down, and a force of miners estimated at about 1,000 carried terror in all directions. Upon application from Mayer Monies, the governor sent Major General Osborne and a portion of his division, the Hazleton Bat- talion under Major Swank, the 15th regiment under Colonel O. K. Moore, together with the Thomas and Franklin Zouaves of Scranton. These forces were put on guard, and though all attempts at an adjustment of the differences between employers and employes by arbi- tration or otherwise failed for some time, there was no further violence. Work was generally resumed May 22nd, though some miners, notably those in the employ of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company, had re- sumed a few days earlier. THE great riots OF 1877. From the beginning of the troubles which culminated in the wide-spread strikes and riots of 1877, Scranton, the most important point in the coal region, was pro- foundly agitated. The strike in the city proper was begun July 24th by the employes of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company, though the employes at the Meadow Brook mines, numbering about 300, had struck the night before. It was first declared at noon in the old rolling-mill, and the men retired from the building, leav- ing the partly formed rails in the rolls and the fires in the furnaces still burning, and proceeded in a body to the company's steel mills, where work was suspended, the employes joining the strikers and marching with them to the shops and foundries, where work was also stop- ped; the entire force of workmen in all of these establish- ments, to the number of about 1,500, having struck, de- claring that they had been unable to live on the wages they had received up to the 15th of that month, at which date a reduction of ten per cent, more had been made. During the afternoon a meeting was held at which it was determined to demand the restoration of this last reduc- tion. The employes of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company and the Delaware and Hud- son Canal Company struck that day. The locomotives were run into the yard, where their fires were drawn and they were left in good order. Passenger trains were taken to their destinations, but upon their arrival the fires were drawn and the engines placed on side tracks. There was no disposition shown by the fireinen to injure any of the companies' property, which they declared they would protect. A coal train which left Scranton at five o'clock was returned and placed in the yard with if nearly a score of others fimilarly loaded. A demand had previously been made on Superintendent Manville, of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, by the firemen in the employ of that corporation, but concessions had been refused by him that afternoon. No engineers, con- ductors or brakemen were concerned in the movement at that time, though the brakemen afterward joined it. It was announced by the railway authorities that no trains would run until the difficulty was settled. All shipments of coal ceased, and the mines in all parts of the Lacka- wanna valley were thus rendered idle. The excitement in the city was intense. Doubt, uncertainty and appre- hension were everywhere manifest. A proclamation was issued by Mayor McKune, urging the necessity of sober, careful thought and pointing out the criminal folly of any precipitate action. The excitement increased, and on the 25 th the crowds of idle and eagerly talking men about the streets were augmented by Ihe arrival of thousands of miners who flocked in from all directions. The strikers said they would not obstruct the carrying of the mails, but declared they would suffer no passenger cars to pass over the roads. When the 10 o'clock train fiom Binghamton ar- rived it was boarded by a number of strikers, who un- coupled the express and passenger cars as it neared the depot, but permitted the mail to pass. The railway offi- cials refused to go through with the mail unless the pas- senger cars were permitted to pass, but the striuers pro- cured orders for the governor to Superintendent Hal- stead to allow the mails to pass as usual. A statement was prepared by a committee of the strikers for publica- tion in the local papers, setting forth their grievances and the cause for their action. A petition was adopted asking the saloon keepers to close their places of busi- ness. The miners of the Scranton district, representing not less than 40,000 men, demanded an increase of twenty- five per cent, on their wages during the day, causing aug- mented excitement in the city. W. R. Storrs, general coal superintendent of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, was waited on by a com- mittee of six who presented a series of resolutions, repre- senting that the men had been subjected to repeated re- ductions until their wages were far less than adequate to heir support and that of their families, and that they would not longer endure it, but were determined to con- tinue the strike until their demand should be complied with, even though the railway employes should return to their work. Mr. Storrs forwarded their petition to the general ofifice of the company and promised the commit- tee a reply on the following Friday; and the strikers called a mass meeting in the woods, in the suburbs of the city, for the afternoon of the 26th. The Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company's employes, including the work- men in the iron and steel works, sent a committee during the day to wait on W. W. Scranton, the general superin- tendent, and demand an increase of wages to the amount of twenty-five per cent., which he was unable to grant. The strike was rendered general by a demand of the em- ployes in the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western car shops of an increase of twenty-five per cent., and it now extended to every important branch of industry in the valley; and one of the most dangerous elements in the trouble was supplied by the action of the miners, who, not satisfied with quitting work, refused to allow the pumps of the mines to be operated. The men who at- tempted to keep them going to prevent the mines from flooding were driven away by the strikers and the engines were stopped, allowing the water to flow steadily into the mines, injuring some of them to an almost inestimable extent. The prevailing state of affairs at the time was thus summed up in a despatch from Scranton, July 29th: " The entire Laoknwanna rcjfion is idle. Week before last this region sent nearly 1.50,000 tons of coal to market. Last week it did not send a tithe of that quantity, and ne.\-t week it will not send any. The minors of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company quit work yesterday morn- ing, and those of the Pennsylvania Coal Company are in enforced idle- ness on account of the destruction of a head-house and bridge -mU 420 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. some anonymous person was read, which stated that W. W. Scranton had declared he would have the men at work for thirty-five cents a day, stirring the multitude up to a pitch of almost ungovernable excitement. Curses and threats were heard almost on every hand, and the influence of addresses by a few of the more conservative of the leaders, which had been listened to with attention and respect, seemed to have been destroyed in a moment. A few reporters were present, and as soon as they were recognized their notes were seized by the strikers and they were driven from the ground. The men then sepa- rated in two squads, proceeded to the machine shopp, foundries and furnaces of the Lackawanna Iron and Coat Compmy, and drove off a number of men and boys who were at work. They th.;n went to the Delaware, Lacka- wanna and Western car shops. The workmen there were |ianic-sricken and fled in terror. Some of them were seriously injured, as was also a foreman named Little. Mayor McKune; appearing upon the scene, was hooted After vainly addressing the mob, he was driven from the ground. In a rush which followed, Mr. Lilly, a lumber boss in the employ of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western shops, was beaten. The mayor endeavored by all the means in his power to disperse the crowd, but was knocked down and severely injured. Upon learning the extent of the riot the mayor had summoned a posse which had previously been organized in view of the dangers which threatened the city, under command of W. W. Scranton, which promptly assembled and marched about fifty strong to the scene of danger, encountering the mob at the intersection of Washington and Lackawanna avenues, near where they saw the mayor, bleeding from his recent wounds. As the posse approached him for instructions some of the more reck- less of the rioters attacked the armed men with a shower of stones and other raisiles; and a moment later one of them shot T. W. Bortree, who was in the rear of the mayor's posse, in the knee with a pistol ball; and imme- diately the po.';se faced about and a number of them fired, killing or fatally wounding four of the rioters and injuring others more or less seriously. The crowd fled and sought safety in various directions at the first volley. It was followed by two others in quick succession, and by this time the mob was utterly routed and the streets were soon clear, except for the presence of the dead, dying and wounded and those whom humanity or curi- osity had called to the spot. Four had been killed or fatally wounded, and it is estimated that no less than a score of persons, including those killed, were injured. It was manifest that order could be preserved only by armed force. The streets were patrolled by armed citi- zens and an urgent appeal for military assistance was forwarded to the govenor at Pittsburgh. Threatened freight cars were guarded. Before daylight on the morning of August 2nd men were pouring in by hundreds from the neighboring min- ing districts and concentrating near the depot. Here Governor Hartranft, with a large force of soldiers under command of General Huidekoper, arrived about the same time, just in time to avert the impending difficulty. As the troops arrived, with two cannon- on a platform car in advance of the locomotive and hundreds of bayonets protruding from the car windows, the rioters made an instant stampede. The troops were warmly welcomed by the citizens, and went into camp in various parts of the city and its suburbs. The Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, under their protection, put its trains in motion, and a meeting of the citizens was held endorsing the warlike action taken by the mayor's jiosse and pledging a firm support to the city authorities in behalf of law and order. Despite the powerful pro- tection now afforded to those who desired to engage at their old pursuits, none of the miners returned to work and the mine pumps were still operated by the engineers, clerks and bosses, and it was menacingly said that grass would grow in the mines and water flow from the mouths of the shafts before work would be resumed at the old rate of wages. At one o'clock on the 3d a meeting of at least 5,000 miners and other workmen was held in the woods, at which a committee of six was appointed who souglit and obtained an interview with the governor in his car, which resulted in nothing more than a friendly advisory talk to the committee, as the representatives of the great body of strikers, by the governor, who, as representative of the State, could not act as arbitrator in such a matter. The excitement caused by the miners' riot and their encounter with the mayor's posse continued for some time. In spite of the protection afforded by the soldiers the workmen returned to their labor in the various indus- trial establishments slowly, being afraid of the miners, whose attitude was defiant and determined. A meeting of delegates from every mine in the section was held at Scranton, to appoint a general executive committee and form plans to secure a perfect unity of action among the strikers, so that the men in all directions would simulta- neously resume work in all of the mines whenever the time for resumption should be declared. On the 7th a large store was opened by the miners' executive commit- tee to relieve the immediate necessities of such of their families as might suffer for food, and it was soon filled with provisions. By the friendly co-operation of busi- ness men in the city and elsewhere, and the farmers throughout the section, trains were placed at their dis- posal, and donations of potato patches and other crops were made, and many miners went to the country in gangs to do work and receive their pay in provisions. Information was received on the 7th of intended depre- dations by the strikers, and a double guard was placed on duty in all parts of the city. Meetings of miners were held at night in the woods round about, and rocket sig- nals were sent up occasionally from every hill. In the meantime a despicable effort had been made by the friends of the rioters who had been killed to be re- venged on the members of the mayor's posse. A coroner's jury, composed of sympathizers with the miners, held an inquest on the bodies, and August 8th returned a verdict of wilful murder against the fnemberg Hh ED¥/ARD MERRIFIELD. This gentleman was born in the village of Wyoming, Luzerne county, July 30th, 1832. He was the eldest and is now the only child living of Judge William and Almira Merrifield. A biographical notice of his father appears on another page of this volume. Edward Merrifield. with the exception of the first year of his life, has been a resi- dent of Scranton. His education was received in the public schools at Hyde Park and in an attendance of about two years at Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, and between two and three years at Oxford Academy, Chenango county, N. Y., where he prepared for college. On account of impaired health the idea of a college course was aban- doned. Upon his return from Oxford he engaged in company with his father at Hyde Park in mercantile business, in which he continued but one year. In the spring of 1852 he entered the law academy at Easton, Pa., Judge Mc- Cartney principal, where he remained one term. In 1853 he entered the law oflSce of Harrison Wright, at Wilkes- Barre, where he remained two years. At the August term of court in 1855 he was admitted to the bar, and the same year opened an office at Hyde Park, In 1861 he removed from Hyde Park and opened an office in Scranton. In 1867, for the purpose of recruiting his health, he pur- chased a farm on the Raritan river, Somerset county, N,. J., which he carried on two years. Having fully recov- ered his health, he returne'd and again opened a law office in Scranton, where he has since practiced. In politics Mr. Merrifield has acted with the'Democratic 'party. For a number of years he was president of the Scran- ton Law and Library Association. He was very active in securing the formation of the county of Lackawanna, and to no one man was due more credit for the final success of that project. His pleasant home on Wyoming avenue was built in 1870. He married (November 25th, 1855) Jennie Eldridge, daughter of James M. and Elvira El- dridge, of Owego, N. Y. They have one daughter, Jes- sie. In his profession Mr. Merrifield is regarded espec- ially as a safe and thoroughly reliable counselor, and as a citizen enjoys in the largest measure the esteem and confidence of the entire community in which he has spent his life. ^ Dr. JOHN WILSON GIBBS, Jr. ^, Dr. John Wilson Gibbs, jr., one of the older physicians of Scranton, was born in Jefferson village, near Newark, N. J., October loth, 1823. In 1846 he married Euphe- raia, daughter of William Patton, a Philadelphia banker. He was a, graduate of the Pennsylvania Medical College, Philadelphia. The scene of his early professional life was in Schuylkill county, where he made many warm friends. In 1856 he visited the south with his family, wintering at Vicksburg, Miss. In 1857 he returned north and settled in Hyde Park, Scranton, where he at once entered upon a lucrative and extensive practice in medi- cine and surgery. He was elected and served as coroner to the old county of Luzerne during the war of the Rebel- lion. In the spring of 1870, during some relaxation from his arduous duties, he made the tour of Europe, returning to his labors with a body invigorated and a mind refreshed. In 1879 he was elected a member of the medical staff of the Lackawanna Hospital, and re-elected in 1880. At its inception he was made treasurer of the Lackawanna County Medical Society, to which position he was re- elected at the last election. The doctor comes of a fam- ily singularly devoted to the science of medicine, his father, a clergyman of the Baptist denomination, having subsequently graduated in medicine. Three of his brothers were physicians, as is also one of his sons. The latter. Dr. L. H. Gibbs, is a resident of Scranton, and en- joys a large practice. Another son, W. St. Clair Gibbs, is now (1880) a student of medicine at Philadelphia. Robert Patton Gibbs, a third son, prepared for college at Keystone Academy, at Factoryville, Pa., with the purpose of entering Columbia College. H= ='=^^ THE ODD FELLOWS OF SCRANTON. 421 of the posse; and the alderman who had acted as coroner issued warrants for the arrest of six of the accused and placed them in the hands of three constables for imme- diate service. T. F. Hunt (who was not a member of the posse but against whom the charge had probably been urged by an enemy) was arrested at his residence that evening, with Mr. C. F. Chittenden, and they would have been taken to the sixth ward, the most lawless part of the city, had they not been rescued from the constables by soldiers, at the instance of General Huidekoper, and conveyed to military headquarters, where they were pro- tected during the night. The next day ihey were handed over to the sheriff and, with a majority of the leading members of the citizens' party, were taken by special train to Wilkes-Barre, where they gave bail. Upon trial they were acquitted. A number of the more prominent strikers were also arrested, but none were punished; all aggressive measures were abandoned on both sides, and in time the rancorous animosity which had been en- gendered died out. Had Messrs. Hunt and Chittenden fallen into the power of the friends of the dead rioters, who were numerous in the sixth ward, it is not unlikely that they would have been murdered. SECRET AND SOCLA.L ORGANIZATIONS. INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS. Capouse Lodge, No. 170 (Hyde Park). — This is one of the oldest lodges in northeastern Pennsylvania. Its charter members were mostly from Cambrian Lodge, No. 58, of Carbondale, and it was instituted July 24th, 1S46, in the old " Slocum house." The following were in- stalled as the first officers: E. S. M. Hill, N. G.; William Hawket, V. G.; J. S. Sherrerd, secretary; John D. Mead, treasurer. In 1848 the lodge was located in. Hyde Park, building a hall on the site of the Hyde Park Bank. From March 2nd, 1872, when the structure was burned, until the erection of the new building on the lot adjoining the former one, the lodge met in the halls of the Co-op- erative Association and Warnke & Hower. The new hall was dedicated in June, 1874, but had to be sold for debt. The lodge once had a membership of 376, but became reduced to about 100. September 30th, 1S79, 120 members were enrolled, and the prospects are brighter than they have been for years. The officers in November, 1879, were as follows: William R. Williams, N. G.; John R. Morris, V. G.; W. Gaylord Thomas, sec- retary; Charles V. Smith, assistant secretary; William H. Decker, F. secretary, and John Harwin, treasurer. Lackawanna Lodge, No. 291 (Scranton).— In old Odd Fellow's Hall, Lackawanna Lodge, No. 29 1, I. 0. of O. F. was instituted March i6th, 1848, with the following charter members: Henry McCarty, N. G.; John W. Moore, V. G.; Dr. B. H. Throop, Sec; W. W. Manness, Asst. Sec; J. C. Piatt, Treas.; John Travis, Robert Henderson, Matthias Henderson, Thomas Reese and Alanson Bemer. Lackawanna Lodge has been the parent of two other lodges (the Residenzc and the Robert Burns) besides providing charter members for several others. Since the organization of the lodge $13,000 has been expended in benefits, and it is now in prosperous condition, promptly meeting all demands for aid from its members and rendering aid as occasion requires to sister lodges. '^\-\t Odd Fellows' Llall and Cemetery Association is an incorporated body composed entirely of the membership of Lackawanna Lodge. It was incorporated November iSth, 1873, and has property valued at $16,000, consist- ing of over three acres of the Forest Hill Cemetery and the lot on Wyoming avenue occupied by Messrs. A. O. Snow and J. D. Williams. December 6th, 1879, the fol- lowing board of directors for the ensuing year was chosen: John T. Howe, Horace Shirer, George B. Chase, Dr. H. N. Dunnell, F. B. Sturges, C. Sensaubaugh and Israel Ruth. The board immediately organized by electing Israel Ruth president and George B. Chase secretary and treasurer. Scrantonia Encampment, No. 81 (Scranton). — This en- campment was instituted March i6th, 1849, as Lacka- • wanna Encampment, with the following charter mem- bers and first officers: J. Curtis Piatt. C. P.; O. P. Clark, H. P.; W. AV. Manness, S, W.; J. W. More, J. W.; B. H. Throop, S.; D. K Kressler, T.; J. Williams, Sent. The officers in November, 1879, were: Horace Shirer, C. P.; Benjamin Jenkin, H. P.; Alfred E. Finch, S. W.; John Kraeger, J. W.; Israel Ruth, S.; D. K. Kressler, T. The encampment has been particularly fortunate in the choice of its officers, some of whom have been re-elected year after year. Thomas P. Harper was scribe in 1851 and from 1854 until his death, June 7th, 1879. D. K. Kressler has been treasurer since June gth, 1854. Lincoln Lodge, No. 492 (Providence), was instituted at Dunmore July loth, 1853, as Dunmore Lodge, No. 492, I. O. O. F., and was removed to Providence November ist, 1864, when the present name was adopted. The charter members and officers were: Joseph Godfrey, N. G.; Henry W. Derby, V. G.; Chauncy H. Derby, S. W.; George B. Wert, T.; Robert W. Kiple, A. S.; John Lewis, Luke Harding, Stinson Smith, Frederick Kester, Joseph Seigle and Owen R. Bloom. The officers in the fall of 1879 were: William J. Davis, N. G.; Finlay Ross, V. G.; Willam H. Williams, financial secretary; William S. Morgan, treasurer; Thomas S. Morgan, secretary. Alliance Lodge, No. 540 (Scranton), was chartered in May, 1858, and instituted June 8th, the following officers being chosen: Jacob Robinson, N. G.; F. Weichel, V. G.; Siegfried Sutto, recording secretary; John Walter, treasurer; Henry Winkler, financial secretary. The as- sets of the lodge amount to $5,239, mostly invested in the German Odd Fellows' Hall building. The member- ship December 31st, 1879, was 140. The officers at that date were: Conrad Sahmes, N. G.; Adam Neuls, V. G.; Theodore Hessinger, secretary; F. Leuthner, treas- urer. Residenze Lodge, No. 513 (Scranton), was instituted with seventeen charter members, December aglh, under a charter granted Novemb.T 2nd, 1854. The first offi- =^¥ Hh \j lia Ball -^ ,^'-n,i IZ Btipctmi St h'J. 4^- =-^ ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES OF SCRANTON. 435 a frame church 75 by 45 feet was built at Durimore, and the people of that locality ceased to attend service at Scranton. Notwithstanding the relief afforded by this measure, the congregation at Scranton still felt the want of room, and in 1858 a frame church 70 by 30 feet was con- structed in that portion of Providence known as Bloom's Patch, now the second ward of Scranton. The congre- ga'ion then consisted of about 250 members, and servi- ces were attended regularly from Scranton. In the lat- ter part of 187 1 Providence became a separate parish, and Rev. Moses Whitty was assigned to the new charge, and labored so successfully for the erection of a building adequate to the wants of the congregation, now unable to gain access to the old church, that the year 1873 wit- nessed the ceremony of laying the corner stone of St. Mary's Church, which was completed, and on the nth of October of the same year dedicated. The old church in Bloom's Patch was at once abandoned as a place of worship and devoted exclusively to school and society purposes. The congregation now numbers about 1,900 members. The Sunday-school is composed of not less than 450 children. But to return to the church at Scranton proper. The population was increasing rapidly and the membership steadily augmenting, and soon the inconvenience of an over-crowded church was once more experienced. To remedy this deficiency the Rev. Father Whitty com- menced, in the summer of 1865, the building of the Church of St. "Vincent de Paul, at the corner of Wyoming avenue and Linden street. On its completion the old church on Franklin avenue was moved to Hyde Park, where it still serves. The corner stone of the present cathedral was laid July 2nd, 1865, by Rt. Rev. James F. Wood, then bishop, now archbishop, of Philadelphia. The work was rapidly pushed forward, and soon Scranton could boast of one of the largest and handsomest churches in the State. It is built in the Grecian style of architecture, from designs furnished by Joel Amsden, and is 158 by 68 feet inside. Its seating capacity is 2,300. It is lighted by nine large win- dows on each side, besides thirty-two smaller ones in the upper portion of the building, all of stained glass. It was opened and dedicated March loth, 1867. Its cost is es- timated at $70,000. The tower, which is not com- pleted, will be 170 feet in height. This, with other im- provements novir in contemplation, will cause an additional expense of about $20,000. September 12th, 1868, oc- curred the installation of the Rt. Rev. William O'Hara, formerly of St. Patrick's church, Philadelphia, as first bishop of Scranton. Rev. Father Whitty, however, re- mained pastor of the church until he assumed charge of the mission at Providence. On his removal, in the fall of 1871, the bishop appointed Rev. Richard Henessy rec- tor of the church at Scranton. Rev. Mr. Henessy was succeeded by Rev. N. J. McManus, and he by Rev. John W. Dunn. In August, 1878, the trust was confided to the Rev. R. A. McAndrew, the present occupant of the position. Since the arrival of the bishop various improve- ments have been made in the church property in and around Scranton. Among others worthy of note are the large addition attached to the rear of the church and used as a sacristy and chapel, the present convent known as St. Cecelia's Academy, and the orphan asylum at Hyde Park, capable of sheltering 40 or 50 children. The different clergymen who have been stationed in Scranton since the foundation of the first Catholic church, besides Rev. Moses Whitty, now vicar general of the dioceFe, and the several rectors mentioned above, have been Revs. John Lough ran, James Cullen, F. P. Mul- grew, Thomas Joseph Lydon, E. W. Fitzmaurice, P. Mc- Swiggan, Hugo'P Fitzsimmons, Thomas Toner, T. Han- nigan, John Cox, P. McEnroe, S. Mattingly. Since the arrival of Bishop O'Hara the following clergymen have been assistants at the cathedral, for longer or shorter periods: Revs. Gerald McMurray, M. J. O'Brien, M. F. Crane, F. McAtee, P. Shields, P. Hurst, P. McManus, P. O'Rourke, John Lally, James B. Whelan, Charles F. Kelley, T. Donahoe, P. T. Roche, James Cummisky, F. P. McNably, E. S. Phillips, E. J. Melly, Thomas F. Coffey, James Heally. The last three, with Rev. Father McAndrew, the rector, are still retained in Scranton. The societies attached to the church, under the charge of the Rev. E. J. Melly, are in a flourishing condition. The Sunday-school, which at present numbers at least 1,200 children, is under the direction of the Rev. Thomas F. Coffey, and is rapidly increasing. The church in Hyde Park is under the pastoral charge of Rev. Patrick J. Roche. A large, costly and elegant house of worship has replaced the first church in Dun- more. The congregation and Sunday-school are large and in a flourishing condition. The pastor is Rev. P- McMurray. ^9/. Mary's German Catholic (Scranton). — This German Catholic congregation, consisting of about 25 families, was at first visited monthly by Rev. Casper Muller, of Honesdale, from January to September, 1854. From January, 1855, until June, 1856, Rev. Laurentine Schnei- der, of Honesdale, attended the congregation. From July, 1856, to October, 1858, Rev. Severin Somner, of Honesdale, officiated at Scranton. In December, 1858, Rev. Peter C. Nagel, of St. Nicholas's church, Wilkes- Barre, visited the congregation every alternate Sunday. During this time the Irish Catholic congregation permit- ted the Germans to use their church. In 1865 Rev. P. C. Nagel built a brick church, no by 48 feet, on River street, which was dedicated Sunday, March nth, 1866, by Bishop Wood, of Philadelphia. On the same day the present pastor. Rev. John Schelle, was installed as the first resident priest. He bought a lot on Hickory street and built a parsonage in 1872. He bought also two lots adjoining St. Mary's church, and erected thereon a paro- chial school-house in 1874. The congregation consists (1879) of 200 families, or about 1,500 souls. The schools are frequented by 225 children, taught by a male teacher and three Sisters of Christian Charity, who came from Westphalia, Prussia, in 1874. The leader and principal of the Sunday-school is the pastor. •#-= 436 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. Kl'ISCOPAL. Sf. Z!/ie's (Scranton). — The first public service of this church in Scranton was held on the evening of August 5th, 1851, in the Methodist chapel, by Rev. John Long, for some time an itinerant missionary in the Lackawanna and Wyoming valleys. After service a meeting of per- sons attached to the church was held, and it was deemed expedient to organize a parish and elect a vestry. A parish was formed, with the above name, and Elisha Hitchcock and J. C. Burgess were chosen wardens and Charles Swift, Jacob Kerlin, Dr. B. H. Throop, L. N. Clark and E. S. M. Hill vestrymen. An application for incorporation was made in the following November. Services were held by Mr. Long from time to time in the Methodist chapel, in the Odd Fellows' Hall, in the third slory of Hunt's building and over Chase's store until Easter, 1852, when he regularly assumed the charge of Ihe parish as a mi.s.ticrriy i rc'cr ll c direction of the So- ciety for the Advancement of Christianity in the Diocese of Pennsylvania. In 1853, through the efforts of Mr. Long and the gift of friends abroad, a frame church, cost- ing $2,600, was erected on lots donated by the Lacka- wanna Iron and Coal Company, ground having been broken for the work on Easter Monday, and the corner stone laid April 19th, by the rector, assisted by Revs. George D. Miles, of Wilkes-Barre, G. M. Skinner, of New Milford, and Edmund Mendenhall, of Salem. The first service was held and the Sunday school organized in the basement of the church on the last Sunday in July that year. The edifice was completed in October and conse- crated November 13th by Bishop Alonzo Potter. Dur- ing the following year a parsonage was erected at a cost of |l,200. Mr. Long resigned the charge of the parish November 29th, 1858. From February ist, 1859, Rev. W. C. Rob- inson was rector until December 1st, 1862. From |anu- ary 25th, 1863, Rev. A. A. Marple was rector more than fourteen years. During his first year the parish was freed from debt, and through the ladies' sewing society began collecting money for a new church. Lots 180 by 160 were secured on Wyoming avenue and ground was broken for the new house of worship July 5th, 1866. Oc- tober 9th, 1867, the corner stone of the present edifice, a gothic structure of Oxford dressed stone, was laid by Rev. Dr. William Bacon Stevens. The church was opened for worship July 2nd, 1871, Dr. Stevens officiat- ing. This handsome edifice, which was designed by Mr. R. M. Upjohn, is not entirely completed, the tower never having been erected. October ist, 1877, Rev. A. A. Marple resigned the charge of the parish. Rev. C. P. Chapin was rector from November, 1877, to April 15th, 1879. From the later date, services were kejjt up by Rev. P. B. Leighton and others. October ist. Rev. J. P. B. Pendleton, late of Washington, D. C. assumed the rectorship. The Sunday-school numbers about 36 of- ficers and teachers, and 250 children. A Ladies' Guild has been organized in the parish which is doing a good deal of active work. ^^ 7%c Church of the Good Shepherd (Green Ridge). — Rev. John Long held the first service of the Episcopal church in this parish, in his own house, July 12th, 1868. Other services were held in the depot of the Lehigh and Sus- quehanna railroad, in one of their passenger coaches and in the carriage house of J. Gardner Sanderson, Esq. The Sunday-school was organized August 9th, 1868. The church was chartered February 23d, i86g; the charter was approved by the standing committee of the diocese November 3d, 1870, and at the diocesan con- vention of 187 1 the church was admitted into union with the diocese. Early in 1869 efforts had been begun look- ing towards building a church. A lot on Eighth street was donated by George Sanderson, Esq., a considerable sum of money was raised, and August 26th, 1869, the corner stone of the present edifice was laid by Bishop Stevens, assisted by Revs. John I. Robertson, Leighton Coleman and John Long, rector and missionary. Suffi- cient funds having been secured, the work of building was pushed forward, and June 5th, 1870, the first service was held "in the new church. The following are the names of those who applied for permission to organize a church in Green Ridge: George Sanderson, J. Gardner Sanderson, J. Atticus Robertson, Jason H. Wells, Matthew Harlon, E. L. Riggs, O. B. Salisbury. Attached to the charter are the following names as those who acted as the vestry of the parish till the next Easter: J. Gardner Sanderson, Matthew Harlon, Thomas Sly, Ed- ward L. Riggs, Jason H. Wells, J. Atticus Robertson, William W. Winton. The church has had five rectors: Revs. John Long, H. Hobart Millett, G. W. Southwell, S. C. Thompson and Joseph P. Cameron. There have been t6i baptisms, 80 confirmations, 11 marriages and 40 burials. The fol- lowing items from the parochial report to the convention of 1879 will indicate its present strength: Families, 53; baptized persons, 145 ; church accommodations, 175; communicants, 69; Sunday-school teachers, 14; pupils, 120. St. David's Church (Hyde Park).— This is a compara- tively young parish, and has no church building as yet. In February, 1879, efforts were begun to secure a build- ing fund. About one-third of the required amount is now secured. For many years a few Episcopalians who resided at Hyde Park attended St. Luke's church at Scranton. In 1858 Rev. John Long began holding services in a build- ing belonging to the First Baptist Church of Hyde Park. After a while the services were discontinued rill 1870; then they were held occasionally by Revs. Marple, Long and Kennedy. Valuable lay work was done by Doctor Thomas McCune. In 1877 Rev. S. C. Thompson was appointed to this field in connecrion with Green Ridge. From 1870 to 1878 the services were held in the Welsh Calvinistic church and in various halls. They are now held in Odd Fellows' Hall. Rev. Joseph P. Cameron was called to the charge of the parish, in connection with that of the Good Shepherd, at Green Ridge, September ist, 1878. A charter was obtained February 28th, 1879, -^ '*T T^- ^-Z^ ANDREW NICOL. Andrew Nicol, son of John and Jannet ( Gray ) Nicol, was born at Dalyuharran, parish of New Daily, Ayrshire, Scotland, August 20th, 1818. At the age of twelve years he commenced to learn the carpenter's trade with his father, who was for many years a carpenter to the Right Honorable Francis Kennedy, of Dalyuharran. Having mastered his trade, in 1834 he went to Glasgow, and was there engaged as a journeyman joiner for two years, when he was employed for one year as pattern maker in Girdwood's foundry at the city of Glasgow, and one year by the Summerlee Iron Company, at Coat Bridge, in the same capacity. In 1839 he commenced to learn the machinist's trade at the Summerlee works, and after remaining four years he was appointed foreman machinist of the company. This position he filled six months, when the general manager, Mr. Neilson, gave him a situ- ation with his civil and mining engineer corps, and he was soon engaged in surveying and mapping the mine work. In this capacity he was engaged for a year and a half; then was Assistant superintendent of all their mines and machinery until 1847. On October ist, 1847, Mr. Nicol was engaged by the Right Honorable Francis Kennedy to take charge of his mines and machinery, and he remained in this position until March, 185 1. He with his wife and two children set sail from Glasgow April 6th, 1851, and arrived in New York May i8th. June ist they arrived at Carbondale and Mr. Nicol en- gaged the same day with James Clarkson, superintendent of the coal department of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, to be his assistant, which position he filled until 1863. In 1863 he was appointed general su- perintendent of the mines of the company, in which posi- tion he continued until 1870. He received the only first- class certificate as inspector of mines of the eighteen candidates who were examined by the board appointed by the State of Pennsylvania, and received his commis- sion for five years from Gov. Geary as inspector of coal mines, eastern district, being the first inspector of coal in the anthracite coal fields of Pennsylvania. He re- signed his position with the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company and entered upon the duties of inspector July 20th, 1870. January loth, 187 1, he tendered his resig- nation and resumed his former position with the com- pany, which he filled until December 31st, 1873. After having charge of the Green Ridge colliery until 1875 he again resumed his position with the Delaware and Hud- son Canal Company, which he now occupies. Mr. Nicol is the patentee of several inventions. One is a water ejector, operated by a direct steam jet without machin- ery; now much used on steamships for pumping bilge water. Another is a stove for domestic purposes to burn culm or waste anthracite coal, and another a porta- ble miner's hand drill. June i2th, 1846, Mr. Nicol married Helen, second daughter of David Brown, a merchant and manufacturer of Maybole, Ayrshire, Scotland. She was born in the town of Maybole, August 18th, 1824. They have had five children: — Jannet, deceased; Andrew B., at present division superintendent for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, who married Alice H., daughter of Or- ville Brown, of Watertown, N. Y., and has two children- Agnes and George; Agnes, deceased; Margaret E. and Mary H. Mr. Nicol has been a consistent member of the Presbyterian church since he was sixteen years of age. In all the varied business interests with which he has been prominently identified he has been uniformly successful, strong common sense and unfaltering energy being his marked characteristics. *^h .lb JOHN F. CONNOLLY. John F. Connolly was born in Scranton, Pa., April 27th, 1853 — the youngest child of Owen and Catharine (Boland) Connolly. His father emigrated from Ireland in 1847 and settled in Scranton. The first years of his residence there he was in the employ of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company. In 1854 he moved to Lehigh Summit, Lackawanna county, where he resided three years in the employ of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company. In 1857 he returned to Scranton, where he remained but a few months. He then moved to Lackawanna township, where in the vil- lage of Minooka he became engaged in the grocery trade, and has ever since resided there. There were five chil- dren in the family, two of whom died in infancy; Maria, wife of F. A. Kane, of Minooka, is the only child living who was born in Ireland. PhiUp C, born in Scranton, is associated in business with his father. John F. Connolly received his education in the dis- trict school at Minooka, supplemented by one year's at- tendance at the Scranton high school. On the 3d of October, 1871, he entered the Columbia College law school. New York, and after a regular course there was graduated on the 14th of May, 1873. He was but twenty years of age at the time of his graduation, consequently could not, under the statute of the State, receive his di- ploma and degree until the commencement of the fol- lowing year, at which time his diploma with degree of LL. B. was conferred upon him. In June,° 1874, he opened a law office in the city of Scranton, and' on the ist of September following entered into a law partner- ship with D. W. Connolly, Esq., and he has continued the practice of his profession under this partnership since. Mr. Connolly possesses in large measure a nat- ural aptitude for the legal profession.. Both as coun- selor and advocate he stands high among' the young men of the Lackawanna bar. In the latter capacity, es- pecially, few, if any, are his superiors. In politics he is a Democrat. Hejeceived the nomi- nation of his party in Lackawanna county for Congress in 1878, but at the conference withdrew in favor of the Hon. H. B. Wright, who was elected. He married (Sep- tember i2th, 1877) Mary C. Carroll, daughter of John and Mary Carroll, of Scranton. They have two chil- dren—Catharine and John E. 4= =6^. f CHURCHES OF SCRANTON— Y. M. C. A. 437 I, to which the following names were attached: Henry Isaac Jones, Edward Thorp, Thomas White, B. G. Morgan, J. W. Gibbs, John Morris, John G. Noakes and William Vickery Smith. The strength of the parish is indicated in the following items taken from the journal of the con- vention of 1879: Families, 53; baptized persons, 144; communicants, 47; Sunday-school teachers, 7; pupils, 83. Up to December 31st, 1879, there were 23 baptisms, 14 confirmations, 2 marriages and 7 burials. OTHER CHURCHES. Welsh Gongregatioital (Providence). — The Providence Welsh Congregational church was organized August 19th, 1855, at a meeting held in the Presbyterian church of Providence, under the charge of Rev. E. B. Evans, then of Pittston. The original members were only fifteen or twenty, including Rhys Price and wife, Henry Christmas and wife, Thomas L. Davis and wife and Thomas and Ann Williams. Thomas L. Davis was elected deacon and Rhys Price secretary. Deacon Davis died in May, 1872. For about eight months services were held in the Presbyterian church; afterward the school-house at the Notch was used until the completion of the present house of worship. This structure stands on a lot pur- chased by the church in 1859, on the west side of Market street, and is 48 by 32 feet. It cost $1,300, and was consecrated Christmas, 1862. In 1873 and 1874 it was remodeled and enlarged at an expense of $4,450. A debt was thus incurred which has not been entirely liqui- dated. About 1856 Rev. E. B. Evans assumed pastoral charge of the church, in connection with the Hyde Park Welsh Congregational church, but resigned the Providence charge in 1866. From 1867 Rev. David Parry was the pastor until his death, September 8th, 1870. Early in the spring of 1872 the present pastor. Rev. Rees S. Jones, was called. Under his pastorate the church has pro- gressed favorably. The membership is about 200; the average attendance at Sunday-school is from 200 to 225. The services are held almost exclusively in the Welsh language. Evangelic Lutheran Zion's (Scranton). — In 1859 the Evangelic Lutheran Synod of Pennsylvania appointed the late. Rev. N. Yaeger, of Bethlehem, to work as mis- sionary among the numerous members of the Lutheran church who lived in Scranton and vicinity. He visited Scranton several times, preaching and administering the sacraments in Wyoming Hall. In accordance with his advice, the synod sent Rev. P. F. Zizelman to Scranton, to work and see whether a permanent organization could be effected there. In May, i860, he preached his first sermon in Wyoming Hall. In August the same year an organization was effected. The congregation was duly incorporated. Its charter members were: Elders, John Malter, Christian Gans, Christoph Forbach; deacons, Peter Kaehler, John Schumacher, Horace Schirer, C. Soellner, C. Forbach and J. Schumacher. C. Soellner, H. Schirer and P. Kaehler are still living. On the date of organization the constitution of the congregation was signed by 20 male members. In spite of difficulties, the congregation prospered, and needing a more suitable place of worship, in October, 1863, bought its present church, with the parsonage lot, on Mifflin avenue, of the First Welsh Baptist church. In 1864 the parsonage was built. In 1866 the basement under the church was fin- ished for a parochial school, which is yet in existence. A Sunday-school was established in i860, with about 40 scholars; its first superintendent was Peter Kaehler; his successors were P. Doersam, W. Schultz, George Pfeifer.. P. Geiger, John Greiner, I. G. Mayer, W. F. Kiesel and C. Lange. The present superintendent is M. Blickens. The pastor also has general supervision of the Sunday- school, which numbers about 350 scholars, with 35 teach- ers. The parochial school numbers from 50 to 80 scholars, all under one teacher, who is occasionally assisted, in particular branches, by the pastor. Rev. P. F. Zizelman, the founder of the congrega- tion, is its pastor; he is, next to Father Moses Whitty, the oldest resident pastor of Scranton. The congrega- tion is without debt. Hebrew Coiigrigation Anshe Chescd (Scranton). — The synagogue is on Linden street, with parsonage adjoining, occupied by the minister of the congregation. Rev. S. Freudenthal. The congregation was organized August 26th, i860, with a membership of 16, viz.: G. Brooks, Isaac and M. Newhouse, S. and M. Green, Jonas Lauer, Jacob Galland, Samuel Fulda, E., S. and J. Sutto, Julius and Judas Josephson, S. Wertheimer, S. Krotoski and N. Kramer. A charter was granted to them January 7th, 1862. Up to 1868 the congregation occupied Alhambra Hall, on Lackawanna avenue, for church and school pur- poses. In 1867 the lots on Linden street were purchased of the Lackayvanna Iron and Coal Company, and building thereon was commenced at once under the supervision of S. Sutto, J. Galland, J. Josephson, D. Ackerman and I. Newhouse. The corner stone was laid by the masonic fraternity of Scranton. The building was completed in April, 1868, and dedicated by Dr. T. M. Wise, of Cincin- nati. The congregation has a cemetery on the road be- tween Scranton and Duninore. The board of trustees consists of S. Sutto, S. Rice, S. Krotoski, E. Morris, N. G. Goodman, B. Moses and S. Goldsinith. Young Men's Christian Association.— T\\t Young Men's Christian Association of Scranton was organized in No- vember, 1868, with the following officers: Pres., Alfred Hand; Vice-Pres'ts, L. B. Powell and Rev. F. Evans; Cor. Sec, H. M. Boies; Sec, C. W. Hartley; Asst. Sec, Joseph Bachelor; Treas., A. D. Holland; Lib., N. H. Shafer, and the following board of directors: J. A. Linen, F. E. Nettleton, Thovnas Moore, A. M. Decker, J. S. Reynolds, C. Brinkerhoff, G. W. Miller, Corydon H. Wells, H. aM. Boies, H. B. Rockwell, R. W. Luce and P. B. Finley. The association occupied rooms over No. 324 Lackawanna avenue until the fall of 187 1, when apartments were secured in the Exchange block. This block burned January 13th, 1877, and the association oc- cupied a room in the Trust and Savings Bank hviilding until April, 1878, when it removed to its present location, f *#^: 438 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY Nos. 314 and 316 Lackawanna avenue. The presidents have been as follows: Alfred Hand, 1869; H. M. Boies, 1870.72; E. B. Sturges, 1873, 1874; F. L. Hitchcock, 1875-77; J. H. Torrey, 1878, 1879. From August, 1870, W. D. Mossman was general secretary until July, 1872. At no time in its history has the association done so much or so efficient work as dur- ing Mr. Mossman's secretaryship. It was during this period, and principally through his efforts, that steps were taken which have culminated in the Home for Friendless Children, whose record is one of great usefulness. F. A. Goodwin was general secretary for six months from April, 1873; William Hadden from December, 1873, until July, 1874. During his secretaryship the association began to hold meetings in Park Place, which resulted in a revival of religion there, the erection of a chapel and, eventually, the organization of the Park Place Methodist church. George A. Jessup and Doctor Thomas McCune performed some of the duties of the general secretary when there was no incumbent. From January, 1875, W. H. Chapin was general secretary until September, 1876; T. H. Roe from December of that year till February, 1879. He was an active worker, especially in connection with the charitable work of the ladies' aid society for the poor of the city. It was during his term of office that the fire occurred, already referred lo, by which the asso- ciation lost its museum and library and all of its records; the insurance was $2,000. In March, 1878, C. W. Kirk- patrick was employed as general secretary, and served seven months, entering with much spirit into the temper- ance work which was begun by Francis Murphy and carried on by Prof. Kelly, of Pittsburg. After Mr. Kirk- patrick's retirement the office was vacant until Novem- ber, 1879, when W. A. Cook, of York, Pa., assumed its duties. Besides the general work of such associations, the Scranton Young Men's Christian Association has organ- ized the Home for Friendless Children, Park Place Mis- sion, Cedar Street Mission and Green Ridge Sunday- school; has held meetings in' the poor house, jail and hospital, and has actively and efficiently co-operated in every general religious reformatory and charitable effort in the city and vicinity since its organization. The expen- ses of its work from November, 1868, to November, 1879, were from $28,000 to $30,000, which have been met by membership dues, voluntary subscriptions, and the pro- ceeds of entertainments, lectures, &c. The present membership of the association is about 200. The library contains from 1,100 to 1,200 volumes. The annual election of officers for 1879-80 was held at the rooms of the association Tuesday evening November 25th, 1879, ^"<^ resulted as follows: Pres., G. F. Rey- nolds; Vice-pres., Charles Henwood and H. C. Cornell; Rec. Sec, W. F. Hackett; A.sst. Rec. Sec, E. G. Cour- sen; Cor. Sec, E. B. Sturges; Treas., Lt. Col. F. L. Hitchcock; Lib., E. H. Ripple, and the following board of managers: H. M. Boies, Rev. Thomas M. Cann, H. F. Warren, A. W. Dickson, Dwight Baker, J. H. Torrey, S. P. McDivitt, J. L. Connell, L. M. Horton and W. A. May. (/•^ii, I lB.. "'!>.' I ■<■ umj. k',/-!"iyl,n Si-.f^.'r: ..!-.■ liiirLl'U, Srjl r. t GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, SCRANTON AND DUNMORE. HON. PATRICK DE LACf, son of William anrl Cathcrine(0-n<)yle)DeLacy,the former of county Wex- ford and the latter a native of Kilkcn nyjreland.was born November aoth, 18a5, and is tlie seeond child of a family of seven children, fourboysand three girls, all of whom are now living:. This family, both on the fath- er's and mother's side, was prominently identified with the rebellion of 1T98 in Ireland, and Is of French extraction. William, i. shoemaker by trade, emisratcd to America when he was nineteen years of age, and was among the early settlers of Carbondale, where he resided and worked at his trade until 1839, when ho moved to Tamaqua, Schuylkill county, and subsequently to Hazlcton, Luzerne county, and removed to Carbondale in 1840, and in 1843 to Scranton. After residing in Scranton (then Slo- cum HoUow) one year ho removed to Covington township and purchas- ed a farm, upon which he resided until 1801, when ho returned to Scran- ton, whore he died in 1863. Patrick De Lacy spent his early boyhood on the farm, and his educa- tion was Umitod to the common school. At the age of seventeen he commenced life for himself as a laborer in the coal mines, and in 1853 he commenced to learn the tannerand currier's trade with John Mehan, of Covington, with whom he remained two years and a half, most of which time he was foreman, having full charge of the business. After spending one year with his father-in-law, Jeremiah Wouders, in com- pleting the trade of currier, he was employed as journeyman in King- ston and vicinity until 1868. January 9th, 1858, he married Rebecca Elizabeth, daughter of Jei'C- miah and Sarah A. Wouders, of Wyoming. She was bom April 11th, 1840. The result of this union is as follows : Sarah Catherine, born June 1st, 1861; Mary Elizabeth, bom April 9th, 1863; Anna C, born February 14th, 1866; William P., born March 15th, 1868; Nellie, born December 19th, 1870 (died when two years and six months old); Julia (died in infancy) and Susan, born December 19th, 1873 (died November 8th, 1876). After his marriage he moved to Newai'k, N. J., and followed his trade for one year, when he was engaged as foreman currier in the tannei-y of A. G. Hull, at BushkiU, Pike county. Pa., for a year and a half; then he re- moved to Truxville, Luzerne count}', where he leased a tannery which he conducted for a short time, when he abandoned It and entered the army as a private in the 143d regiment Pennsylvania volunteers ( Colo- nel Dana's regiment), and was soon promoted sergeant of Company A. He was in every engagement in which his regiment participated (some twenty general battles and several Rkirmishes) and at one time during that memorable epoch was under fire every day for thii*ty days. In the fall of 1864 he was promoted sergeant major ; in the spring of 1865 was made lieutenant, and was honorably mustered out of service with his regiment in June, 1865. As an officer and soldier his reputation is best attested by his old comrades in arms, who have elected him president, for the past fourteen years, of the Veteran Sol- diers' Association, composed of the old 143d, 149th and 150th regiments. In 1867 Mr. De Lacy was appointed United States deputy marshal by General Thomas A. Rowley, and served in that capacity until the fall of 1871, when he resigned to take his seat in the State Assembly, having been elected to the Legislature that fall by the Democratic party ; he was again elected in 1873. In the fall of 1874 he was a candidate for the State Senate, but owing to a split in his party was defeated by tho opposing faction. In 1875 he was appointed deputy sheriff under W. P. Kirkendall, which position he filled one year, and in 1876 was appointed county auditor for two years; and in addition to this he was appointed chief of police of the city of Scranton, which position he still holds. THE EVERHART FAMILY. This is one of the oldest family names in America. The subjects of our engravings spring from Zachariah Bvorhart, who came to this country from Saxony, Germany, in 1689, and settled in Pennsylvania nine years after William Penn founded the colony. His son. Christian, was born in 1728 and died in 1777. He was a man of prominence, and held a royal commission under the crown. He was the father of nine children, and with the exception of two, who died young, the aggregate ages of the remaining seven reached 574 years, or an average of 83 years. James, the third child, grandfather of James M. and Dr. Everhart, was born in 1760 and died in 1853. He was remarkable for activity, strength and a good constitution, which, with scarcely a day's sickness, carried him through the experiences of nearly a century. Bred in the heroic period of the public, amid the hardships and dangers of the Revolution, in which he was a soldier, he passed the memorable winter of 1778 at Valley Forge under Washington, whose imposing form and features ho well remembered, together with the handsome face of Wayne and the youthful figure of La Fayette. He had seen individuals who had held office under Penn, and soldiers who fought under Braddock. He had three children, William, John and James, all of whom became men of wealth and prominence. James, the youngest and father of the sub- jects of our sketch, was born in 1789, and died in 1863. He was an officer iu the war of 1813. After the war he engaged in the mercantile business in Chester county, Pa., during which time he took a ship load of bark to England and exchanged it for merchandise. In 1820 he moved to Berks county, where he became extensively engaged in agriculture, Hh ^^ ^h 438^ HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. tanning and the iron trade. He was a man of sound judgment and cor- rect principles, whose influence was more than local, and whose opinion was sought as a matter of worth by those who knew him best. In all the leading' topics of the day he was a close observer, and in those cal- culated for the general good he was deeply interested. He was an ardent supporter of the free school system, and before its day estab- lished schools at his own expense, in order that the rising generation of his neighbors might have the rudiments of a common education. He was in no sense of the word a politician, though twice he represented his district in the Legislature, the second time receiving the unanimous support of both political parties. He was urged to accept a nomination to Congress which was equivalent to an election, and declined. In 18 L7 he married Mary M., the only child of Isaac and Catharine Templin, a woman noted for her many good qualities of head and heart. This happy union was blessed with eight children : John T., Mary, Eveline, William, James M., Samuel A., Oliver I. and Isaiah P, James M. EvEnHART,the subject of one of our engravings, is the third son and was born June 7th, 1828. After receiving a common school edu- cation he entered his father's tannery, on account of ill health,where he learned the trade of a tanner in all its branches. His health recovered, he entered the New London Academy, one of the oldest high schools of the State, and was graduated from that institution with honors. After serving two years iu his uncle's store in West Chester, Pa., he went to Philadelphia, and entered tlie wholesale house of Odenhcimer & Tenent, then doing the largest western trade of any firm in that city. In 1853 he' came to Pittston, Pa., with his brother John to superintend large landed interests which his father had purchased in the coal fields of that region. Situated on these lands are several of the farms lying in the valley at the foot of Campbell's Ledge, and that beautiful spot in the Lackawanna known as Everhart's Island. When Pennsylvania was in- vaded by the rebel army he volunteered his time and influence, and hurried to the front. In 18G7 he made an extensive tour through Europe in company with his brother. Dr. Everhart, gaining much valu- able information. Shortly after his return he came to Scranton and purchased a half interest in the Scranton Brass Works. On the death of his partner, John McLaren, he succeeded to the entire control, and by the introduction of new machinery and skilled workmen, with a liberal expenditure of money, has raised the standard of the establishment to the front rank of brass works in the State. Mr. Everhart being a man of ingenious turn of mirid, he is the patentee of several impoi-tant inven- tions and has improved and perfected several others, some of which he is now extensively manufacturing. In jjerson he is a man of mild and even disposition, with strong traits of character, business qualities of no ordinary merit, against whose honor and integrity there has never been thefirstshadow of suspicion. Blessed with h robust constitution and excellent health, his lease of life bids fair for many years of usefulness. Dr. Isaiah P. Everhart is the youngest child, and was born Janu- ary 23nd, 1810. He spent his early youthat the old homestead, attending the common schools and academies of the neighborhood. At the age of sixteen he entered Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pa., where he spent four years in the completion of a sciontiflo course, pay- ing special attention to the natural sciences, for which he has always shown a marked fondness. He then read medicine under his brother-in- law. Dr. Charles A. Heckel, a most excellent practitioner, whore he received his first lessons in that most intricate science which knows no limit. The great civil war breaking out, he, becoming impatient to servo his country as medical cadet, entered the West Philadelphia or Saterlee United States Military Hospital, under the charge of Dr. 1. 1. Hayes, of Arctic expedition fame. Here was material sulDcicnt to sat- isfy the most enthusiastic iEsculapian, witb nearly four thousand sick and wounded soldiers, who upon tlie Held of battle had received wounds of almost every imaginable description, or on the march or in the bi\-- ouac of war had contracted nearly every ailment to which the soldier of our northern clime has fallen heir. With the class of 1803-03 he graduated from the University of Pennsyl- vania, and sliortly after went to the front as assistant surgeon of the 8th regiment Pennsylvania cavalry, witli the Army of the Potomac. During the active operations of 1803, 1801 and 1833, in ail the campaigns in which the regiment was engaged, in over thirty battles, he was faith- fully athis post, discharging the duties of full surgeon. February 4th, 18«5, he was promoted full surgeon, and on the consolidation of the 8th and 10th regiments of Pennsylvania cavalry he was made surgeon of the 10th regiment, and took charge of the military district of Lynch- burg, Va., which position he held until mustered out of senice with the regiment, August 11th, 1805. Thus in the three great wars through which the nation has struggled this family has been represented-by the grandfather in the llevolution, the father in the war of 1813 and the sons in the Bebellion. On his return from an extended tour through Europe in 1807 the doctor settled in Scranton, where he has since successfully pursued the practice of his profession, has gained the confldence and respect of the people and built up a reputation for honesty and integrity second to none. During thegreat strike in the coal regions in 1871 he was surgeon of the 9th Pennsylvania guards. Seven years he was a member of the medical staff of the Lackawanna Hospital, and now is a member of the Scranton board of health and president of the Lackawanna Game and Fish Association. The doctor is deeply interested in ornithology and is an expert and skill ful taxidermist. Twenty years ago he conceived the idea of making a full collection of the native birds and animals found within the limits of the State, and to this end has ardently pursued the work— preparing and mounting ail his specimens-untii he now has one of the flnest and largest private collections in the State ; his intention being, after its completion, to donate it to some scientiflc institution. He is a close student of nature and a great lover of field sports, being a capital wing-shot and fully at home with rod or gun amid the beauties of field, forest or stream, and every year he takes an extended hunting and fishing trip for recreation. In 1871 he married Annie Victoria, only child of Peter and Margaret Ubil (a neighbor adjoining the old homestead), a most excellent woman in mind and heart,and held in the highest esteem by all who know her. They have one child. Edwin Ellsworth, a bright and interesting boy of seven years, who inherits many of the good qualities of both parents. D. B. HAND. Dr. David B. Hand was born in Hawley, Wayne county. Pa., March 31st, 1848, the sixth child of Robert and Susan (Goble) Hand. His great grandfather was a native of New Jersey, and raised a family of twenty children. His grandfather was born in Morris county, N. J., and lived to the age of sixty-five. His father, Robert Hand, was born in Sussex county, N. J., and moved to Hawley, where he had purchased a large tract of land, and where for many years he carried on an extensive busi- ness in lumber. He died there in 1854. The latter's mother, whose maiden name was Crandemeyer, was born in Germany; came to New Jersey when but five or six years old, and lived to the age of seventy- seven. Her father lived to be more than one hundred years old. Dr. Hand's great-grandfather on his mother's side was born in England ; came to America and settled in Mon-is county, N. J,, before the war of the Revolution; lived near Valley Forgo, and during the hard winter the army had its winter quarters there he spent nearly his entire fortune, which was large, in feeding the patriot soldiers. His wife was from Scotland, and her father, Stephen Eoy, fied for his life from persecution there, and came to America. Dr. Hand's grandfather Nathan Goble was born in Morris county, N. J., and was a farmer and drover. The doctor's mother was born in Sussex county, and is a lineal descendant of Francis Price, from whom the township of Frankford was named, and who was judge of the court in that county for thirty-two years. Some of his descendants have filled prominent positions in the State. Dr. Hand was one of seven children, to wit: Nathan, Charles F., Eliza- beth L., Melissa A., William J., David B. and Sarah A. Nathan died in the army ; William J. served through the war of the Rebellion and was for two months confined in Libby prison. Upon the death of the father the entire charge of the family devol- ved upon the mother, and well and faithfully was her task performed. She was determined her children should have the advantage of an edu- cation, and by her efforts, coupled with a will on their part in all ways to help themselves, they all received a liberal education. Mrs. Hand, enjoying in the fullest measure the esteem of a large circle of acquaint- ances, and the recipient of loving attentions from her children, who f uUy appreciate her worth, is still living in Hawley. : Having received a good English education, the subject of our sketch at the age of seventeen commenced the study of medicine with Dr. G. B. Curtis at Hawloy, and was graduated from the University of the City of New York in 1808. He entered upon the practice at South Canaan, Wayne County, Pa., where he remained three years. He then removed to Carl)ondale, where ho practiced seven j cars. His health failing in consequence of overwork, ho sold his practice and went to California. He traveled for several months through California and the Western States, but not finding a location to suit liim lie returned oast and settled in Columbia, Pa. His predilection for the coal regions, how- ever, induced him to come to Scranton in the spring of ISSO, where he pur- chased the property of Dr. Horace Ladd, one of the oldest physicians in tliat city. Dr. Ladd having removed to Philadelphia, Dr. Hand succeeded hlminhispr,aotico. Dr. Hand, although comparatively a young man, has by his energy and skill amassed a competency, and bids fair to take a leading position among the physicians and surgeons of Sorantoii. He married Miss Sarah T. Cromwell, daughter of James Cromwell, of Hawloy, in 1370. She was born May 2nd, 1851, in Hawley. Her famfly were Quakers. Hor grandfather was Oliver Cromwell, who settled in Canterbury, near Nowburgh, on the Hudson river, whore he carried on the trade of a tanner. Dr. and Mrs. Hand had the misfortune to lose their eldest child, Mamie, a brightllttle girl of six years, at Columbia; their only remain- ing child, Freddie, is now four years of ago. ELISHA HITCHCOCK, a son of John and Phebe (Tyler) Hitchcock, natives of Connecticut (the former born Juno 10th, 1847, and the latter in 1850), wasborn in Clermont, Cheshire county, New Hampshire, January 21st, 1778. He was the third in a family of fifteen ohfidren, twelve sous and three daughters, none of whom are now living. < i:x_^c- -.^^ lirt^i liyKSMlL .iSiiiu 13 FwrJay Sx NT f 4^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 438 C 4^= Deacon John Hituhcocik, the (freiit-grandfather of Elishii, died in New Haven, Conn., Octobor UtU, ]7uJ, ajfed sixty-eight years. John, hi.s grandfather, died July 2' ] RA TRIPP =*^ 7^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 438/ you " or "God bless you, dootorl" "No matter about the pay," re- plied Dr. Pier,with a blunt, unsel&sh readiness, showing his real charac- ter ; "she loves her child, and the thought of having been the means of saving its life will be pay enough for me." Dr. Pier's popularity is not strictly professional. As a citizen and neighbor he Is warmly appreciated through a wide section of country, and when he allows himself to run for any office the number of votes bestowed on him by his f eUow voters indicates that he holds a prominent place in the affection of the people with whom he is Identified. In 1861 he was elected prothonotary of old Luzerne country, the duties of which office called him to Wilkes-Barre, where he resided until the spring of 1865, when he returned to Scranton. He is now engaged in the practice of his profession, with the same unwavering kindness and assiduity characterizing him In and out of the sicJi room. FEANCIS ALLEN BEAMISH. Pranoia Allen Beamish, editor and publisher of the Scranton Pree Press, was bom in County Cork, Ireland, March 9th, 1845, and married Mary Loftus, of Hanover, Luzerne county, Pa. He served In the army, In 1863-64, as an officer ; was sergeant-at-arms in the House of Repre- sentatives in 1865-66 ; has been a member of the Scranton board of edu- cation six years, and secretary of the board three years ; a member of the select council six years ; clerk of city commlsaioners two years ; a member of the board of charities five years, and long identified with local newspapers and political Interests. JOHN DEKEN. John Dekln, of Dunmore, was bom in London, England, July 10th, 1842. He is now keeping hotel at Dunmore. LUDWIG WBHLAU, M. D. Dr. "Wehlau was bom in Oldenburg, Germany, November 6th, 1851, and was the third child of Johann and Elizse Wehlau. He Is the only member of his father's family now living. He received his primary edu- cation at the gymnasium at Aldenburg and Berlin; his medical educa^ tlon at Geneva, Berne and Zurich in Switzerland, and graduated from theWurzburg Medical College, Bavaria, in 1874. He practiced his profes- sion for a short time In Witteghausen, in Baden; then accepted the ap- LUDWIG WEHLAU, M. D. polntment of physician for the North German Lloyd Steamship Com- pany, in which capacity he served about two years, crossing the Atlantic in that time thirty-one times. He came to America in 1876 and settled in the city of Scranton, where he has since engaged in the practice of medicine, taking high rank among the medical fraternity of that city. Doctor Wehlau married Louisa Conrad, daughter of Andrew and Catha- rine Conrad, of Green Hidge, Scranton, May 15th, 1879. 4"=~ SCEANTON. 4> GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 438/ JOHN HOSIE Of the various nationalities which have become united in the New World and which make up the American people no nation has contribu- ted a more sturdy or better element than has Scotland. Wherever, almost without exception, a son of Scotia is found you may be certain of finding an honest and useful citizen, and to no one of their number win the remark apply more fittingly than to the man whose name stands at the head of this sketch. John Hosie was born in Stirlingshire, Scotland, June Snd, 181S, the seventh child in a family of eleven children of James and Jane (Bowie) Hosie. His father was a mason and stpne cutter by trade, and was a heavy bulldinB contractor. He was a man of decided religious' convic- tions, of great firmness of character and of sterling integrity. He died about the year 1837 at the old homestead In Scotland, aged seventy- four. His wife, who was a woman thoroughly devoted to her family and respected by all who knew her, survived him about four years. Mr. Hosie's education was limited to an attendance at the common schools of his neighborhood. As early as at the age of ten years he conceived the idea of marking out for himself a career which should be Independent of all help from his family. To this end, and for the purpose of earning something for himself, having been made a present of a pony by an elder sister, who was landlady of a large hotel, he made good use of it in delivering packages which were given bim for that pur- pose by guests of the hotel. He was thus employed, after school hours, for two or three years. At the end of that time he found himself the possessor of about £60, a fact known only to himself. He had already decided that when he got suiScient means he would go to America. At the age of fourteen he went, unknown to any member of his family, to Greenock, a shipping port of Scotland, where he purchased his pas- sage, taking a receipt therefor. He first told his mother what he had done, which took the good woman utterly by surprise. " Boy, what could y(tu do in America?" "I will do somc(7nn.ff/* was the*'boy's" reply. " Where did you get the money ?" was the next question. Ho satisfied her he had come honestly by it. The father, upon his return at evening, repeated about the same questions, with the same answers. He told the boy if ho would give up going for the present he would give him three years of schooling, and if at the end of the time he still desired to go he would give him money to go with; but no persuasion could turn him from his purpose. Accordingly the clothes for the journey were got in readiness, to which were added by the thought- ful mother a Bible which had been in the family over n hundred years, and some good Presbyterian books. Everything being in readiness, in the month of March, 1839, at the hour ot midnight in order to avoid notice, he left the old hearthstone for the seaport. He was ovei-taken at Glasgow the next day by his father, an elder brother and a sister, who made another attempt to persuade him to return, but without success). It was finally decided if John was going his brother Andrew should go too, and thus by the persistence of a boy of fourteen years America gained two good citizens instead of one. The next day after landing in New York, in company with his brother he went over to Newark and applied for a job of work at a stone cut- ter's. There was something in the appearance and bearing of the lad that pleased the proprietor, and he set him at work at stone cutting. His brother found work in Newark at his trade asa carpenter and joiner. Our subject remained with Ills first employer seven months, receiving very nearly the same wages as the men. He next went to Philadelphia, where for six years following he was in the employ of an elder brother, James Hosie. His first work under him was on the masonry of the Columbia Bailroad bridge over the Schuylkill river. In 1833 he went to Canton, Mass., where he was employed for nearly three years in super- intending the construction of the viaduct at that place. Ho superin- tended the masonry work for Dodd, Clark & Co., contractors for the construction of a portion of the Hartford and New Haven Kailroad; also for Dodd, Baldwin & Co., on the Morris and Essex Railroad. He next en- gaged with his brother in building the railroad bridge across the Haritan river at New Brunswick, N. J. He then went to Bridgeport, Conn., where he constructed the masonry on the Housatonie Railroad. For the next six years he was engaged in the construction of the New York city water works, under Bishop & Campbell, contractors. He super- intended the heavy masonry on those works between Tarrytown and Dobb's Ferry, also across Glcndening Valley. At the solicitation of the chief and resident engineers he wont to Seal Harbor, Maine, and cut the stone for the Harlem high bridge. , ^ ,,_ In 1843 he engaged, under James Archbald, in the management of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's Eailroad from Carbondale to Honesdale, and during the two years he was thus employed he repaired the masonry on the company's canal. In 1845 he accepted the position of assistant superintendent, under Archbald, of the Delaware and Hudson coal mines at Carbondale. ^ ,. , , ,* t On the 12th of November, 1845, he married Julia A., daughter of Philander and Louisa Beattys, of Waymart, Wayne county. Pa., and in the following spring commenced housekeeping at Archbald. January 13th, 1846, occurred a most thrilling and memorable event in the life of Mr. Hosie. which put to the full test the indomitable will and magnifi- cent pluck of the man, so stronsrly shadowed forth In the boy, and which at the time was heralded xo the farthest limits of civilization. About 8 o'clock in the morning of that day he went Into mine No. 2 level at Carbondale. He had been in the mine less than an hour when about forty acres of the overhanging rooks and earth caved in. He was alone and very near the center of this fall. Fifteen miners in other ^parts of the mine were Instantly killed by the concussion of the air. Mr. Hosie was saved from instant death by the refuse coal which is ordinarily left on the bottom of the mine. As it was he was pressed between the fallen rocks and the bottom of the mine, with barely space left for his prostrate body. In utter darkness, with nothing but his bare -._hands to work with, for twenty-four hours, every one of which seemed an age, he dug for his life, throwing behind him the fallen debris and refuse coal upon which the fallen mass rested. His fingers were worn to the bone and still bear the marks of the terrible struggle. At length he reached a place where he could stand up, only to find, how- ever, he was still inside the fall. He attempted to reach the air shaft, but did not succeed. It finally occurred to him that by following the break in the overhanging rocks made next to the line of solid coal he might work his way to the main entrance. Following up this thought he finally, after having been literally buried in this living tomb for forty-eight hours, effected his escape. He had been given up for dead, as it was known he was in the very center of the fall, having been seen there by a mule driver as he was passing along just previous to the fall. He met a party of miners before reaching the entrance, who had entered the mine for the purpose of digging for his body. Instead, they found a pretty lively corpse in the person of Mr. Hosie himself approaching them. The news of his escape sent a thriU of joy throughout the coun- try. It would not be in the power of pen to describe the feelings of the young wife, who had given her husband up for lost, when the glad tidinffs wore borne to her that he was yet alive. He continued in the employ of the Delaware and Hudson Company until 1850. He then became general superintendent for the Pennsylvania Coal Company, taking charge of their mines at Pittston and Dunmore. This position he resigned in the fall of 1854, having taken a contract for mason work and grading on the Michigan Southern Railroad, at Toledo, Ohio. It wtis the year of cholera and the deaths for three weeks among the men employed in the work averaged twelve a day. Of 448 men on the pay roll Mr. Hosie was the only one who was not taken sick during the time. Keturning to the valley he took charge of the works of the North Pennsylvania and the North Branch Coal Companies, making head- quarters at Pittston. He also had an interest in the Pittston Coal Com- pany. In the fall of 1856 he went to Portland, Me., to build a portion of the Portland and Saco Kailroad. In 1858 went to Virginia, where, in comp- any with General MoAlister, of AUentown, Pa., he built a part of the Covington & Ohio Railroad. They remained there till the opening of the Rebellion, when thej' had to leave. The contract was with the State, and the latter still owes them $30,003 and in all probability always will. Re- turning to Pittston, Mr. Hosie remained out of active employment on account of impaired health for about one year. In 1863 he took an interest with Alexander Gray & Co. in the Hollenback colliery at Wilkes- Barre. In 1864 he sold his interest and purchased the Silver Brook coal works, near Hazleton, where he remained six years. He then sold out and took charge of the Bear Pine colliery, near Mahanoy, Schuylkill county. In 1872 he resigned his position, having leased the Fair Lawn coal property at Scran ton, which mine he opened that year and he is at present (1880) working it. In 1877 he became a partner in the Pierce Coal Company at Winton, and he is its general manager. As will be seen from this narrative Mr. Hosie has led a most active and laborious life. He has always thrown his whole energies into what- ever enterprise he engaged in and has been almost uniformly successful. As a manager of men his equal will hardly be found in the entire coal region. He has always commanded the respect of all men, high or low sick or poor. One must travel a long way before finding a man who would speak ill of John Hosie. He has been too busy with his own affairs to take an active part in public affairs, and never filled or sought oiBce. In politics he has been identified with the Whig and Republican parties. He has had five children, viz. : Helen E., wife of A. D. Soxseltzinger of Schuylkill county ; James P., associated with his father at the Fair Lawn mines; John H., superintendent of the Pierce Coal Company at Winton ; George, deceased ; and JuUa A., residing at home. Mrs. Hosio died November 4th, 1879. 4. ^¥ ='4* 438 A- HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. Dr. W. E. ALLEN. ^- Dr, W. E. Allen was born in Wantage,. Sussex county, N. J., October 8th, 1836, the youngest child of the Rev. Edward and Elizabeth (Linn) Allen. Gabriel Allen, his grandfather, was a native of Connecticut; a sea cap- tain by occupation ; he married a Miss Churchill, and raised six sons and four daughters. Edward Allen was born in Saugatuck (now Westport), Conn., June 8th, 1792; prepared for the junior class of Princeton in the academy of his native town, and was graduated from college in 1815. He was principal of the academy at Elizabeth- town, N. J., and at Trenton, for three years after his graduation. During this time he studied the Hebrew language, and in the spring of 1818 was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of New Jersey; and in the autumn following was ordained by the same body. He was pas- tor of churches at the following places, in the order named: Wantage, Milford (county seat of Pike county), again at Wantage, for two years again at Milford; Car- bondale. Pa., from 1843 to 1847; Belvidere, Warren county, N. J., and lastly at Gibson. He retired from the ministry in 1874. He died at Harford (where he had taught a family school for boys for several years) August ist, 1877, aged eighty-five. He was a fine scholar, an ex- cellent teacher, and a faithful and devoted pastor, in which relation he seemed to possess especial fitness for the organization of new churches, often succeeding where others had failed. He was twice married. His first wife was Elizabeth, daughter of the Hon. Judge Linn, by whom he had seven children — two sons and five daugh- ters — all of whom are living. His first wife died during his second pastorate at Wantage. His second wife was Mrs. Louisa T. Richardson, widow of Deacon Preston Richardson, of Harford. By this union there was one son, now deceased. Doctor Allen received his education at the Belvidere Academy; studied Latin and Greek with his father; read medicine with his brother. Dr. J. Linn Allen, in Branch- ville, Sussex county, N. J.; was graduated from the Al- bany Medical College in 1856, at the age of twenty; com- menced the practice of medicine at Milford, Pike county, Pa., where he remained one year. His health failing him, he withdrew from practice two years. He pur- chased and carried on a drug store in Hyde Park, which in 1859 he sold, and again opened an office there; and, with the exception of a period of service in the civil war, has uninterruptedly followed his profession at Hyde Park, enjoying a most extensive and lucrative practice. In July, 1862, he went to Fortress Monroe, acting as assist- ant surgeon U. S. A. in the Chesapeake General Hospi- tal. He was there eighteen months, and for the last six was executive officer of the hospital. On account of ill heallh he resigned his position, and returned to Hyde Park. In June, 1864, he re-entered the service, and was an officer in the Christian street hospital, Philadelphia, till it was discontinued. He then returned to Hyde Park. He soon after received the appointment of assist- ant surgeon to the board of enrollment, Scranton district, which position he held till the close of the war. The doctor married (June 6th, 1865) Amelia B., daugh- ter of Nathaniel and Cynthia Clapp. Mrs. Allen was born July sth, 1842. They have one child, Julia, born April 2ISt, 1867. ^If ^^ -f GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, SCRANTON AND DUNMORE. 438 Z J. M. Acker, Bellevue, Hyde Pnrlc, superintendent of the Dellevue mines (formerly a plasterer), was born in Rockport, Pa., Novemter 23nd, 1831, and married Margaret Eidall, of Wilkes- Barre. Bybon F. Akerlt, attorney ( office Fecond National Bank building, Soranton ; residence 10th street, Hyde Park I, was born April 2nd, 1844, in South Abington township, where he was formerly a farmer, and mar- ried Sarah Qark. I. H. Allen, stationary engineer, Hyde Park, was born in Blossburg, Pa., December 3d, 1841, and married Maria Smith, of Carbondale. Dur- ing the Rebellion heserved three years — in Company 1 133nd Pennsylva- nia volunteers nine months and in the signal corps .twenty-seven months. Fred J. Amsdek, Soranton, son of Joel Amsden, architect and civil engineer, and for seven yojirs city surveyor, was born in Rome, N. V., June lOfch, 1841. During the war he hold the oSBce of second lieutenant of Company B 130th Pennsylvania infantry, and was afterwards promot- ed to ilrst heutenant. He was subsequently appointed second lieuten- ant of the signal corps, United States army, and discharged in IBfiB. George Archbald, Providence, near the depot, assistant boss at the Leggett's Creek mine, was born in Chattau, England, January 1st, 1844, and man-ied M. E. Catterson, of Sterling, Wayne county. Pa. John Armbrust, butcher, Scranton, was born In Bavaria, Germany, September 17th, 1832, and married Caroline Veolker, of his native State. WiLLLAM AssiON, secretary of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company, residence Willow street, 11th ward, is u, native of Scranton, and was born November 18th, 1856. J. L. Athebton, Providence, formerly a carriage manufacturer, now superintendent of coal works, was born in the Wyoming valley, Janu- ary 6th, 1836. His first wife, formerly Clara Bullard, died August 13th, 1871. His present wife was Nellie Frost Dlair, of Boston. S. G. Barker, formerly superintendent of machine shops, now scale manufacturer, was born In Kingston, Luzerne county. Pa., May 23nd, 1B21, and married Susan Keidder, of Wilkes-Barre. Residence, 338 Madi- son avenue, Scranton. D. P. Barton, formerly a carriage maker, now proprietor of livery and exchange stables, Dunmore, was born in Orange county, N. Y., March 24th, 1825, and married Mehetabcl Krotzer, of Providence town- ship. He served three terms as deputy sheriff of Luzerne county, and three years as sealer of weights and measures. Horace F. Barrett, a merchant of Schultzville, is one of the Lacka- wanna county commissionei-s. He was born on Staten Island, N. Y., October 18th, 1848, and married Jennie E. Nichols, of Clark's Green. Daniel Bartholomew, saddler and hai-ness maker, Scranton, was born in Scranton, June 17th, 1843, and married Anna Powell, also of Soranton. He served three years in Company K 17th Pa. cavalry, and is captain of Company B 13th regiment national guards of Pennsyl- vania. B. Grietiths Beddob, druggist, Hyde Park, was bom in Merthyr Tydvil, South Wales, May 19th, 1855. George W. Benedict, Scranton, editor and publisher of the Scranton JnwmaL, 303 Lackawanna avenue, was born in Carbondale, November 28th, 1839. His wife was formerly Jennie S. Widger, of Waymart. Henry Betba, Dunmore, was born in Sullivan county, N. Y., Decem- ber 27th, 18a5, and married Ellen Pursel, of Bear Greek, Pa. Mr. Beyea is paymaster for the Pennsylvania Coal Company. H. R. Bishop, Scranton, foreman blacksmith, and for many years in the employ of the D., L. & W. Railroad Company, was born in New Yoi-k city, August 1st, 1828, and married Rebecca Roslin Colcher, of Port Colden, N. J. M. Lewis Blair, formerly a farmer, a school teacher and a merchant, now alderman of the 5th ward, residence Hyde Park, was born in Nel- son, Madison county. New York, January 18th, 1836, and married Hattie Phillips, of Hyde Park. He was captain of Company E 143d regiment Pa. volunteers three years during the late war. William Blumb, carriage manufacturer, residence in 31st ward, Hyde Park, was born in Germany, April 6th, 1838, and married Julia A. Brown, of Columbia, N. J. He was orderly sergeant of Company G 31st N. J. volunteers. Garrett Bogart, corner Adams avenue and Spruce street, Scranton, is assistant superintendent for the D., L. & W. Railroad. He was born at Bhiuveltville, N. Y., June 8th, 1837, and married Maggie H. Voss, of Bridgeville, N. J. Colonel Henry M. Boies, of the 13th regiment N. G. Pa. (president of the Moosic Powder Company), was born in Lee, Mass., August 18th, 1837, and married Elizabeth L. Dickson, of Scranton, February 17th, 1870. Residence, Clay near Vine street, Soranton. Morgan Bowen, residence Chestnut street, Hyde Park, inside fore- man in the School Fund Association's mines, was born in Llangonyd, Glamorgiuishire, South Wales, April 27th, 1828, and married Margaret Williams, of Bryn Mnwr, Breconshire, South Wales. He was formerly a mInoT', and has served as common councilman. J. C. Bowman, Providence, formerly engineer, now foreman of Ca- yuga mines, was born in Sentzburg, Switzerland May 38th, 1838, and married Jennie Coal, of Falmouth, England. Daniel B. Brainard, proprietor of the St. Charles Hotel, Scranton, was born in Boston, March loth, 1825, {ind married Ann Rafter, of Car- bondale. Mr. Brainard was superintendent of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company's rolling mills for twenty years. William rsniOHT, carriage manufacturer and blaclcsmith. Providence, residence at Greco Ilklge, was born in Cornwall, England, April 19th, 1848, and married Lucy A. Titus, of Harpersfield, N. Y. Cornelius Brinckerhoef, jr., architect and civil and mining engi- neer, was born in New York, July 39th, 1839. At the age of sixteen he began an apprenticeship to the carpenter's trade in the Gosport navy yard, Virginia, where he worked until the spring of 1803, when, in com- pany with his father, he engaged in the book trade at Portsmouth, Va., remaining there until the fall of 1804, since which time he has been em- ployed in his present profession. He inarried Mii'iam Fowler, of Buffalo, N. Y., and has been a resident of Scranton since July, 1866. SiDNBY Broadbent, Superintendent of machine shops, Scranton, was born in Yorkshire, England, April 16th, 1828, and married Catharine Broadbent, of Paterson, N.J. H. Evelyn Brooks, Scranton (formerly a teacher), county superin- tendent of schools, was born in LInesville, Crawford county, Pa., Feb- ruary 5th, 1841. R. G. Brooks, superintendent of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Com- pany's coal mines, residence Jackson street, Hyde Park, was born in Scranton, December 25th, 1847, and maiTied Mary Ann Morgan, of Nes- quehoning, Carbon county. Pa. James O. Broavn, Scranton, steward and house surgeon of the Lacka- wanna Hospital, formerly an apothecary, was born March 14th, 1853, in Factory vllle, and married Ella A. Sturdevant, of Laceyville. Edward L. Buck, Scranton, assistant postmaster, formerly a confec- tioner, was born in Easton, -August 35th, 1844. He served three years and two months in the 51st Pennsylvania volunteei's dur-ing the Rebel- lion, and one year in the U. S. army as commissary general of subsistence. He married Maggie A. Coslette, of Scranton. Henry Burnish was born in Worcestershire, England, December 35th, 1803; married Mary Jenkins, a native of Gloucestershire, England; came to America in 1843 and located In Scranton in 1847. Since that time he has been in the employ of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company as bricklayer and furnace builder. John Butler has been thirty years a resident of Dunmore and an employe of the Pennsylvania Coal Company. He is now master mechanic. He was born in Staffordshire, England, September 1st, 1817, and was married there to Mary Ann Hill. Eev. Joseph 1'. Cameron, rector of the Church of the Good Shepherd, Green Ridge, and St. David's Church, Hyde Park, residence Green Ridge, Scranton, was born in the Bermudas, August 9th, 1846, and married Mary O. Johnstone, of Brooklyn, N. Y. Kbv. Thomas M. Cann, principal of the School of the Lackawanna, Scranton, was born in New Castle county, Delaware, August 19th, 1819, and married Sarah S. Goodnow, of Framingham, Mass. He graduated at Delaware College in September, 1843, and entered the ministry in the Presbyterian church in 1846. Thomas B. Carey, bridge and breaker builder, Hyde Park, was bom in Wayne county, in 1836, and married Ellen A. Mumford, of Belmont, Pa. Oscar Carpenter, proprietor of the Susquehanna House, Scranton, was born in Lenox township, Susquehanna county, in 1840, and married Emeline Pedrick, of Nicholson, Wyoming- county. Mr. Carpenter, who was formerly engaged in farming, served in Company G 198th Pennsyl- vania volunteers. Thomas Cakson, inside foreman at the Hampton mine, was born in Breconshire, South Wales, June 11th, 1837, andmarried Catharine Eynon, (if Glamorganshire, South Wales. Residence Washburn street, Hyde Park. B. J. Chamberlain, M. D., residence onBlakely street, Dunmore, was born in Hanover, Luzerne county, January 18th, 1824, and married Sarah Lewis, of Schuylkill county, Pa. John Chamberlin, carriage manufacturer, Apple street, Dunmore, was born in Bloomjburg, Columbia county. Pa., June 23th, 1836, and <^ *=6N= 4 43871/ HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. 4- married Mary H. Ward, of Providence. He served four years and one month during the Hebellion, most of the time in the surgical corps of the U. S. army. George B. Ohasb, United States ganger, residence on Monroe avenue, Soranton, was born in Delaware county, N. Y., April lOth, 1810, and married Jane Hutchinson, of New Jersey. He was f oi'merly a photog- rapher. 0. P. CiiARK. formerly a merchant, was horn in Bloomingbury, N. Y., February 13th, 1S18, and married Sarah A. Barton, of Honesdale, Wayne county. Pa. ttesidence SI South Main street, Hyde Park. HOBEBT C. Clabk, Soranton, foreman boiler maker, was born in Westchester county, N. Y., July 4th, 1836, and mai-ried Mai-y Ester. Subsequently he was married to Anna Dekin. Mr. Clark served during the war in Company G 141st Pennsylvania volunteers. HON". Francis D. Collins, attorney at law, Dunmore, was born in Saugerties, Ulster county, N. Y., March 5th, 1844. Mr. Collins has served as district attorney and State senator, and has been two terms a mem- ber of Congress. H. N. COLVIN, book-keeper (residence MiflSin avenue, corner of Spruce street, Scranton), was born July 0th, 1850, in North Ablngton, and mar- ried Kosa C. Phillips, of Soranton. He was formerly a milk dealer. William Cornell, coal operator, Soranton, was born September loth, 18S7, at Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. His wife was formerly Miss Ann Lawrence, of Llewellyn, SehuylkiU county. Daniel W. Connolly, attorney, Soranton, was born in Colchester, Sullivan county, N. Y., April 24th, 1847, and married Margaret J. Coi-nel- ison, of Danville, Montour county, Pa. George Cooper, contractor and builder, residence Hyde Park, was born In Newent, England, February 10th, 1841, and married Ellen Butler, of the same town, born March 6th, 1839. H. H. COSTON, lawyer, Scranton, was born in Honesdale, June 0th, 1849. Charles Corless, carpenter and builder, residence Main street, Hyde Park, was born in Vincenttown, Burlington comity, N. J., December 10th, 1838, and married Louisa B. Fuller, of Hartford, Susquehanna county. Pa. He served two years during the Hebellion in the construc- tion department of Sherman's army. Eev. Joseph Cory, pastor of the First Presbyterian church. Dun- more, was born in Elizabeth, N. J., February 34th, 1807, and married Mary M. Magie, of his native place. He has been a preacher forty-two years. A. Hampton Coitrsen, grocer, Scranton, was born in Deekertown, N. J., May 3nd, 1833, and married Kate Wheatley, of Northumberland, Pa. In 1803 he was appointed postmaster by President Lincoln, and served until removed by a change of administration. In 1809 he was acting postmaster for Dr. W. H. Pier. W. M. Darling, formerly a carriage m.nnufacturer, now a railway conductor, was born in Greenwich, N. J., March Hth, 1840, and married Mary A. Powell, of Heading, Pa. He served three years during the late war in Company H 3d Pa. reserves. Ilesidenoe in Hyde Park. John B. Davis, miner. Providence, was born in Glamorganshirei South Wales, .January 1.3th, 1846, and married Janet James, of Provi- dence. John F. Davis, formerly superintendent of iron furnaces, now re- tired, residence Monroe avenue, Soranton, was born in Breconshiro, South Wales, January 13th, 1809, and first eamc to Scranton in 1843. He married Ann Clinton, of Glamorganshire, South Wales, born March 8th, 1813. John E. Davis, fire boss, formerly a miner, residence Jackson street, Hyde Park, was born April 5th, 1834, in Monmouthshire, South Wales, and married Jane Williams. John W. Davis, proprietor of the oldest dyeing and scouring estab- lishment in Scranton, residence 308 Penn avenue, was born in Hudders- fleld, England, March 3jil, 1849, and married Anna S. Johnson, of Lee, Massachusetts. Thomas D. Davis, formerly a minor, now 1 he general inside foreman of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Itnilroad Company's mines, residence Main street, Hyde Park, was born in Caorniurthenshire! Wales, April 15th, 1835, and married Mary Thomas. Arthur D. Dean, lawyer, Soranton, was born January 30th, 1840, in Abington. W. S. Decker, Hyde Park, served during a portion of the Hebellion in the 11th Penns.ylvania cavalry. He is a druggist, and was born in Abington township, May 17th, 1834. He married B. J. Decker, of New- ton, Pa.. W. H. Decker, residence Hyde Park avenue, Hyde Park, blacksmith, was born in Blakely township, January )4th, 1830, and married Fanny F. Shal'er, of Brewerton, Onondaga county, N. Y. He has been a member of the borough council since 1800. William Denman, mason and builder, Hyde Park, was bom in Sur- rey, England, February 38th, 18,39, and married Miss Elvira Bariger, of Gibson, Susquehanna county. Pa. Ale.\ander W. Dickson, Scranton, formei'ly in the flour and grain trade at Philadelphia, now of the firm of the Weston Mill Company, was born in Philadelphia, February 7th, 1843, and was married to Louisa J. Cole, of Westport, Essex count.y, N. Y., who diedNovember31st, 1879. Mr. Dickson has served as treasurer of the Soranton Board of Trade, president of the Board of School Control, and sergeant of Company D 13th regiment. National Guard, Pennsylvania. George L. Dickson, Scranton, president of the Dickson Manufactur- ing Company, was born in Scotland, August 3d, 183D. In June, 1836, Mr. Dickson went to Carbondale, where he man-led Lydia M. Poore, and January loth, 1809, removed to Soranton, where he has since lived. Hev. p. W. Dinger, pastor of the German Methodist Episcopal church, Scranton, was born in Aran, Switzerland, May 35th, 1831, and married Miss Carohne Guck, of Gottingen, Prussia. ^ P. C. Dolphin, dealer in tin and hardware. Providence, was born Feb- ruary 30th, 1834, in Port Griffith. William Dowse, inside foreman of the Continentil mines, Hyde Park, was born May 1st, 1834, in Devizes, England, and married Ann Walters, of Pembrokeshire, Wales. He hjis served as a member of the board of education. S. M. Drew, blacksmith, formerly proprietor of a livery and ex- change stable, residence on Franklin avenue, Sci-anton, was born in Cornwall, England, October 38th, 1830, and mai-ried Maria Helms, of Mil- ford, Pa. He served as veterinary surgeon of the 17th Pennsylvania c.ivalry two and a half years during the late war. Joseph H. Duggan, engineer at Marvine shaft. Providence, was born in Dublin, Ireland, August 4th, 1851, and married Bridget CuUen, of Schuylkill county, Pa. Alexander Dunn, residence on Washington avenue, Scranton, en- glneei', employed at Bellevue since 1850, was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, June 7th, 1838, and married Agnes Wyle, of Pittston. Mr. Dunn was a volunteer in the 43nd Pennsylvania infantry. Henry M. Edwards, attorney at law, Hyde Park, was born Febru- ary 13th, 1844, in Monmouthshire, England. He married Jennie Bioh- ards, of Hyde Park. Hesidenee, Hyde Park. B. E. Evans, formerly a school teacher, secretary and general agent of the Cambrian Fire Insurance Company, of Hyde Park, was born in Wales, March 15th, 1833, and man-ied Matta A. Owen, of Susquehanna Depot, Pa. Daniel D. Evans was born in Merthyr Tydvil, South Wales, Febru- ary 13th, 1823, and married Elizabeth Jones of liis native place. He was formeriy a miner and is now a merchant at Hyde Park. His son, David D. Evans, was born in Merthyr Tydvil, South Wales, August 31st, 1848, married Margaret Jones, a native of Carbondale. Pa., and is a member of the mercantile Arm of Daniel D. Evans & Son. Daniel J. Evans, formeriy a farmer, now editor of the Bamr 1 GiteMewr, was born in Caermarthenshire, South Wales, April 30th 1833, and married Sar.ah Prothroe, of Glamorganshire. Residence, Hyde Park. Rev. E. B. Evans, M. D., formerly pastor of the Welsh Congregational church, Hydo Park, was born in Glamorganshire, Wales, December 14th, ISIO; came to America in 1833 and to Scranton in 1857, and married Jane Jones, of Utiea, N. Y. E. S. BvAKS, miner, Hyde Park, was born in Breconshire, South Wales, November 38th, 1840, and married Mary E. Evans, of Monmouthshire, South Wales. James W. Evans, miner, Hyde Park, was born in Monmouthshire bouth Wales, June 6th, 1845, and married Mai-garet Jones, of his native place. Lewis H. Evans, formerly portrait painter, now artistand photog- rapher, Sernnton, was born in Wales, August 3nd, 1845, and miu-ried Alice Virginia Wagstatr, of Jolmstown, Pa. Richard Evans, county surveyor of Lacka\ranna county, formeily civil and nimingongineor, was born in Glamorganshire, South Wales, July 29th, 1330. Uosldoucc, Orchard street, Hyde Park. T. R. Evans, formerly a miner, now clerk and eoUeotor in the city treasurer's office, was born in Hyde Park, March 8th, 1858, and married Nellie L. Moses, of that place, where he resides. =^¥ '*^¥ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, SCRANTON AND DUNMORE. 438 iV^ A. B. Eynon, Hyde Parle, formerly a merchant but for some time cashier of the Millet's' and Mechanics' Loan Association, was born at Cai-bondale, September ith, 18i7, and married Annie B. Hushes, of Hyde Park. George Fairchild, proprietor of the Hcermans House, Hyde Park, was born in Essex, England, December 31th, 1837, and while yet a resi- dent there married Emma Howard. A. B. Parnham was born in Benton township, October eth, 1830, and married Phebe E. Atherton, of Lackawanna township. lie is a wood machlDist by trade, but was formerly a farmer. He has served as cor- poral in Company C of the list regiment Pennsylvania militia, and as school director. Kesidenee 120 Cedar street, Seranton. Clarence Farnham, forwarding and recording clerk at Seranton for the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, was born in Carbondale, Pa., July 15th, 1637, and married Kate M. Barber, of Archbald, Pa. He was formerly a lumberman. George H. Fellows, stationary engineer, Hyde Park, was born October 33a, ia>t, and married Hannah R. Weaver, of Hyde Park. John Fellows, retired (formerly a farmer and brick manufacturer), was born at Hyde Pai'k, where he now resides, July 32nd, 1815. He mar- ried Cynthia J. Price, of Cooperstown, Otsego county, N. Y. John H. Fellows, Hyde Park, was born there, July 23nd, 1849. He was formerly a painter, but is now an insurance agent. He married A. Genevieve Overfleld, of Meshoppen, Pa. John S. FERcnsoN, Hyde Park, has been for twent.v-six years in the employ of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Eaih-oad Companyi and is a machinist. He was born in Glasgow, Scotland, September 31st, 1836, and married Janet Newlands, of his native town, who died Novem- ber 20tli, 1879. Ben.jamin F. Fillmore, coal operator and superintendent, formerly a railroad contractor. Green Kidge, Seranton, was born in Syracuse, N. T., in 1831, and married Hetta L. Atherton, of Kingston, Pa. A. P. Finch, Hyde Park, was born in Windham, N. Y., November 30th, 1809, and married Sarah Tuthill, of that place. He is a member of the firm of Finch & Co., foundry proprietors and machinists and dealers in hardware. He has held the oiBces of councilman and justice of the peace. Irving A. Finch, iron founder and machinist, residence Washington avenue, corner Mulberry street, Seranton, was born in Windham, Greene county, N. Y., August Ith, 1836, and married Hannah S. Bump, of that place. JOHN B. Fish, superintendent of the Providence Gas and Water Company and manufacturer of portable gas machinery, was born in Liberty, Sullivan county, N. Y., March 14th, 1839, and married S. A.Tur- ner, of Bainbridge, N. Y. He served three months during the Rebellion in the 11th Pa. volunteers as lieutenant, and three years and three months in the 52nd Pa. volunteers as lieutenant and captain. George Fisher, dealer in dry goods, was born in Spencer, N. Y. John Fltnn, inside foreman of Central shaft, residence Hyde Park, was born in Ireland, in 1835, and married Mary Clark, of Ireland. John H. Fordham, formerly a teacher and merchant, and for twenty- three years superintendent for the Dickson Manufacturing Company (Green Eidge, Seranton), was born in Montrose, Pa., December Otb, 1831, and married Isabel L. Dickson, of Scotch nativity. George B. Foster, city clerk, Seranton, was born in Carbondale, Au- gust 29th, 1848, and married Augusta S. Kirkpatrick, of Seranton. He is a member of the 13th regiment N. G. of Pa. Eev.D.K. Freeman, pastor of the Washburne street Presbyterian ohuroh, Hyde Park, was born in Blairstown, Warren county. New Jersey, October 25th, 1830, and married Henrietta L. Wildrick, of his native town. William H. Freeman, Hyde Park, land agent for the Delaware, Laokawannna and Western Railroad Company, formerly a merchant, was born at Lisle, N. Y., December 39th, 1830, and married Rachel J. Landes, of Hyde Park. Rev. S. Freubenthal, pastor of the Jewish church, Seranton, was bom in Baden, Germany, December 13th, 1841, and married Bertha Levi, of Williamsj)ort, Pa. Henry Fret, photographic artist, corner of Main and Jackson streets, Hyde Park, was born in Switzerland, June 4th, 1844. Edward Laton Filler, formerly a hardware dealer, now an iron broker, was born in Hawley, Pa., October 10th, 1851, and married Helen M. Silkman, of Providence. Residence Seranton. John D. Fuller, insurance agent, Seranton, was born in Wyoming, Luzerne county. Pa., November 0th, 1834, and married Emma C. Lathrop, of Norwich, Conn. Mrs. J. S. Puller, Seranton, was born in Pittston, Pa., December 35th, 1817, and married Robert Porter, of Wilkes-Barre, who died Au- gust 30th, 1850. Later she married J. S. Fuller, a native of Exeter, Lu- zerne county, and identified with John B. Smith, of Pittston, in the coal bu.slness, who died January 2nd, 1877. Her maiden name was Mercy P. Bai'num. W. H. Puller, ticket agent at the Delaware, Lackawanna and West- ern Railroad depot, Seranton, was born in Montrose, Pa., August 10th, 1830, and married Mary C. Wheeler, of Honesdale, Pa. Berthold Galland, manufacturer of ladies' underwear, Seranton, was born in Posen, Pi-ussia, May 1st, 1814. He married Annie Hawley, of Seranton. Formerly he was engaged in the dry goods trade. L. H. GiBBS, M. D., Hyde Park, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1843 and was for a time engaged in banking in New York. He married Liz- zie Ann Sharp. John B. Gillespie, merchant. Providence, was born in Carbondale, November 4th, 1844, and married Maggie Monies, of Providence, Sep- tember 19th, 1871. Mr. Gillespie has been director of the poor of Provi- dence since 1873, and was a member of the common council of Seranton in 1371. Alfred Goodshall, foreman, in the employ of the Delaware, Lack- awanna and Western Railroad Companj', residence Hyde Park, was born in Berks county, Pa., February 33d, 1838, and married Caroline Hine, of Wilkes-Barre. He served five months during the Rebellion in General Sherman's construction corps. Mrs. James M. Gorsline, Main street, Hyde Park, was born Sep- tember 10th, 1830, in Plains, Luzerne county, where her grandfather, a native of Connecticut, was an early settler. Her late husband, for many years a merchant and commercial traveler, was born in Dutchess county, N. Y., came to Hyde Park in 1850, and died jSeptember 21st, 1865. Marietta B. Griffin, Hyde Park, was born In Pine Plains, Dutchess county, N. Y. Reese R. Griffiths, Hyde Park, inside foreman of Pine Brook col- liery, was born at Dowlais, Glamorgan.shire, South Wales, December 14th, 18.1)8, and married Elizabeth Jones, of Hirwain, Glamorganshire. Charles Guesford, of the Seranton File Works, Guesford & Sheldon proprietors, was born in Stourbridge, England, September Gth, 1859. Residence at Providence. Rev. George E. Guild, pa-stor of the Pi-esbyterian church. Provi- dence, was boi-n in Walton, Delaware county, N. Y., November 9th, 1850, and married Mary S. Clark, of Northampton, Mass. Hon. Fred W. Gunster, attorney, residence at Pairlawn, Seranton, was born in Lookweiler, Prussia, September 15th, 1845, and married Maggie Brahl, of Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Mr. Gunster Avas a member of the Pennsylvania Legislature In 1875-70, and the first district attorney of Lackawanna county. John Hale, of Bellevue, Hyde Park, mine foreman, was born in Wilts county, England, June 3d, 1832, and married Miss Ann J. Grilfiths, of Merthyr, South Wales. He has served as school director and justice of tha peace, and held other official positions. A. R. Gould, patentee of the Gould side-bar buckboard and carriage manufacturer, Seranton, business established 1867, was born in Wolver- hampton, England, June 23th, 1844. He married Anna, daughter of WilUam Swetland, of Wyoming. Birdsall C. Green, 36 Hyde Park avenue, Hyde Park, outside fore- man of Hampton mines, was born in Columbia, Warren county, N. J., May 2nd, 185.3, and married Mary E. Acker, of Hyde Park. D. N. Green, Seranton, chief clerk for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, was born in Hyde Park, October 8th, 1844, and married Emma C. Posten, of Seranton. Mr. Green was formerly employed as clerk in the coal department of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, and served in company D 30th P. V. M. in 1803. He is a member of the select council for the 9th ward, and has served in the common council. J. F. Green, superintendent of the Continental mines, Hyde Park, was born in Warren county, N. J., February 1st, 1827, and married C. R. Vankirk, of Knowlton, N. J. Mr. Green served as lieutenant of the 31st regiment New Jersey volunteers. SAMtjBL Gress, blacksmith and carriage maker, Hyde Park, was born in Wilkes-Bari'e, Pa., October 37th, 1839, and married Phebe A. Wiokizer, of Auburn, Susquehanna county. Pa. During the Rebellion he served a year in Company D 13th New York cavalry. <^ ^^ ^4* 4380 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. Casper G. Gkifpin, statle boss at Biisbiu shaft, Providence, served three years and two months in Company F 53nd Pennsylvania volun- teers in the Rebellion. He was born in Middletown, Delaware county, N. Y., May 1st, 1843, and married Alvina Chambers, of Providence. John K. Hall, locomotive engineer in the employ of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Eailroad Company, residence on South Bj non street, Hyde Park, was born in Tunkbannock, Wyoming county, April 23d, 1848, and married Sarah A. Lieb, of Milton, Pa. Chartwell V". Hallstead served in Company B 130th Pennsylvania volunteers nine months during- the Eebellion. He was formerly a car- penter and machinist, and is now engineer at Brisbin shaft. Besidcnoe at Providence. He was born at Dundaff, Pa., September mh, 1845, and married C. Anna Sayers, of Scranton. Hon. Alfred Hand, Scranton, was born at Honesdale, Pa., March 26th, 1835, and married Anna, daughter of Judge Jessup, who died in 1872. His present wife was Miss Helen E. Sanderson, of Boloit, Wiscon- sin. Mr. Hand has served as additional law judge of the 45th judicial district of Pennsylvania, and in November, 1876, was elected to the po- sition of president judge. Thomas P. Harper, who died in Scranton, June 7th, 1879, was born August 13th, 1806, in Jarrittown, Pa.,' and married Susan Gruer, of Hope, N. J. He was by trade a millwright, and came to Scranton in 1841, helping to erect the iirst blast furnace of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company, in whose employ he remained until his death. Rev. John Philip Harris, pastor of the Welsh Baptist church, Providence, was born in Pembrokeshire, South Wales, January 27th, 1820, and was formerly a clerk in astore. His wife was Elizabeth Hum- phreys, a native of Philadelphia, Pa. Samuel Y. Haupt, lumber dealer, Hyde Park, formerly bookkeeper, was born in Sunbury, Northumberland county. Pa., August 24th, 1843, and manied Amelia S. Gossler, of that place. He enlisted August 20th, 1861, in Company C 47th regiment Pennsylvania volunteers. In Decem- ber, 1863, he re-enlisted in the same regiment, and served until January, 1865. W. H. Hazlett, for eight years a resident, and a prominent under- taker and dealer in picture frames, mirrors and similar goods, of Scran- ton, was born in Belvidere, Warren county, N. J., July 24tb, 1841, and married Sallie H. Skoer, of Kingston, Luzerne county. John Heath, teacher, Hyde Park, was born in Honesdale, Wayne county, June 24th, 1840, and man-ied Miss Mary Lynch, of Scranton. 1-i e sei-ved in the 133nd Pennsylvania and the 13Cth New i'ork volunteers. Charles Henwood, druggist and bookseller, Providence, was born iti Penzance, England, May 28th, 1846, came to Scranton in 1803, and estab- lished himself in business in 1870. He married Ada E. Hartley, of Glen- wood, Susquehanna county. Pa. T. N. Hetsell, liveryman and farmer, Scranton, was born in Oi-ange county, N. Y., September 13th, 1S33, and married Sarah Underbill, of Warren county, N. J. He was formerly a tanner and currier and has been a railway employe. John C. Highfield, Scranton, superintendent ot farms and teams for the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, was born in Chester county. Pa., March 1st, 1834, and married Rebecca L. Brad- ford, of Delaware. Samuel Hines, Scranton, supei-intendent of the Hillside Conl and Iron Company, was born in Washington, D. C, July 21st, 1843. Mr. Hines was formerly secretary and treasurer of the Mercer Ii'on and Coal Company and of the Jamestown and Franklin Railroad Conipany, Mer- cer count}'. Ebenezer HiTCHCOcic, retired farmer and lumberman, was born in Clai-emont, N. H., April a7th, 181.5, and came to the site of Scranton with his father, July 5th, 1826. He has been twice married: to Marian Budd, of Troy, Pa., who died February 3nd, lKi7, and to Amanda Swaokham- mer, of Wayne county. Pa., who died January 5th, 1879. Sorelle A. HOLLISTER, Scranton, general agent of the National Mu- tual Aid Association, was born in Westfleld, N. Y., in 1810. He served in the 83d Pennsylvania volunteers flvemonths,in the money ordordepart- ment of the Chicago post-office five years and as apsistant in the prov GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, SCRANTON AND DUNMORE. 438^ March luth, 1835, aud manied Margaret Price, of Brecoushiro, South Wales. William Ouam, of Hyde Park, forinorlj- an iron moulder, now in- spector of cars for the Delaware, Lacltawanna and Western Railroad Company, was bora in Clittord, Susquehanna county, Pa., January 1th, 1822, and married Mary J. O'Daniel, of Wilming-ton, Del. W. H. Owen, photographer, 309 and 311 Lackawanna avenue, Seranton, was liorn in Minisink, Orange county, N, Y-, June 8th, 1843, and married Hattie C. niake, of Evansville, Wis. Lawrence Page, Mulberry street, Seranton, superintendent of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company's foundry, formerly a moulder, ■was born in Columbia county, N. T., June lOth, 1830, and married Sarah J. Clark, of Chatham, Columbia county, N. Y. r. S. PAtiLr, hatter, furrier and dealer in famishing goods, 217 and 319 Lackawanna avenue, was born in Reading, March 28th, 1833, and mar- ried Martha Young, of Ea^ton ; residence at Green liidge. Robert M. Pearce, engineer, Green Ridge, was born March 19th, 1833, in Dethany, Wayne county, Pa., and married Mary D. Lawrence, of Providence. J. B. Peck, locomotive engineer, Hyde Park, was born in Clifford, Susquehanna county. Pa., October 11th, 1S15, and married Jemima Rich- ards, of Carbondale, Pa. Rev. J. Philip B. Pendleton, S. T. B., rector of St. Luke's church, Seranton, was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., December 18th, 1855 ; graduated from Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N. J., and from the General Theological Seminary, New York city, in 1877, and married Miss Edith Hewer, of tii ranton. Horace B. Phelps, coal operator, Seranton, has been paymaster for the D., L. and W. Railroad Company thirteen years, and has been en- gaged in mercantile and banking business. He was born in Corning, N. Y., May 11th, 1843, and married Mary E. Throop, of Providence. Jeremiah J. Phillips, mining engineer, Main street, Hyde Park, was born in Wales, August 8th, 1S4S, and married Zeruiah Jones, of Minersville, Pa. John D. Phillips, iron moulder, was born in Breconshire, South Wales, September 3na, 1845, and married Ann Reese, of Glamorganshire, South Wales. Residence, Hyde Park. Joseph P. Phillips, Hyde Park, who has sev\ed three years as a member of the city select council and one yearasits president, was born in Monmouthshire, South Wales, December 30th, 1845, and is a mining engineer. He man-led Esther H. Hughes, of Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne county, Pa. Thomas W. Phillips, formerly a merchant, now a miner, residing at Hyde Park, was born in Minersville, Schuylkill county. Pa., Au- gust 3rth, 1848, and married Annie J. Hughes, of aifford, Susquehanna county, Pa. William J. Phillips, deceased, was the father of John H. Phillips, a resident of Hyde Park, and died there March 23d, 1875. He was born in Cardiganshire, South Wales, in August, 1S30, and married Margaret Ed- wards, of Monmouthshire, South Wales. James Pittawat, foreman in the steel mills of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company, Seranton, and for twenty-eight years an employe of that corporation, was born in O.xfordshire, England, December 1st, 1830. and married Emily Erp, of Staffordshire, England. George W. Potter, butcher, Dunmore, was born in Susquehanna cjunty, October 26th, 1839, and married Julia Sipe, of Madison ville. T. V. PowDEiii/Y, mayor of Seranton, residence on Main street, Hyde Park, was born January 22nd, 1849, in Carbondale, where he man led Miss Hannah Dover. Mr. Powderly has been secretary of the Machin- ists' and Blacksmiths' Union for ten years, and deputy president of the Industrial Brotherhood of Pennsylvania. Dan Powell, merchant, Dunmore, was born in Blaina, Monmouth- shire, South Wales, January 10th, 1853, and married Sarah E. Space, of Hampton, N. J. Joseph Powell, miner, I>rovidenoe, was born in Light Street, Col- umbia county. Pa., May 8th, 1833, and married Elizabeth Williams, a native of Glamorganshire, South Wales. J. H. Powell, formerly a miner, now one of the deputy sheriffs of Lackawanna county, was born in Wales, March 13th, 1810. Residence Hyde Park. P. C.Powell, Bellevue, Hyde Park, served as first sergeant of Com- pany I 4Cth Pa. volunteers, three years and two months during the late war. He was born in Monmouthshire, South Wales, November 29th, 1839, and married Mary Jones, of Merthyr, Sou th Wales. He is engineer at the Bollevue mines. William Price, undertaker, Hyde Park, was born in Dolgelley, Wales, May lOth, 1833, and married Jane Reese, of Schuylkill county. John Quinnan, teacher of school No. 23, Seranton, was born in the city, April 18th, 1858. Charles IIafpelt, Seranton, superintendent of boiler shops, was born in Reading, September 5th, 18.3S, and married Anna Horndister, of Seranton. James Lenox Rea, M. D., Green Ridge, Seranton, was born in Loys- ville, Perry county, Pa., .January 24th, 1855 ; graduated from Jefferson Medical College in 1870, practiced two years in Harrlsburg, Pa., where he had been for some time a resident, and located in Seranton November 1st, 1878. Ben,tamin S. Reynolds, Hyde Park, formerly a farmer, now a sta/- tionary engineer, was born in Carbon county. Pa., March 12th, 1841, and married Sarah Jones, of Schuylkil county, Pa., born October 11th, 1888. Thomas E. Reynolds, formerly in the mercantile business, now first deputy of the sheritt of Lackawanna county, residence at Hyde Pari', was born In Clittord, Susquehanna county, Pa., September 27th, 1813, and married Jen:;io R. Heese, of Gibson, Pa. Emerson Rhule, engineer at Cayuga breaker, Providence, was born in Hanover, Luzerne county. Pa., June 29th, 1851. D. T. Richards, merchant, Hyde Park, son of Thomas Richards, was born in Carbondale, December 25th, 1833, and married Margaret N. Roberts, of Pottsville, Pa. Isaac Richards, Hyde Park, was formerly a miner, but is now a farmer. He was born in Glamorganshire, South Wales, in March, 1831 ; married Catharine Jones, of Cardiganshire, and came. to America in 1850. He has served as a member of the city council. Thomas Richards, retired shoemaker, was born in Caermarthenshire, South Wales, June 12th, 1812, and married Margaret Morgans, of his na- tive shire. He came to America in 1833, and located at Carbondale. In 1807 he came to Hyde Park. John T. Richards, son of the above men- tioned, was born in Carbondale, September 15th, 1863, and married Pan- nieVarnes,of Hyde Park. Hels cashier of the Merchants and Mechanics' Bank, 420 Lackawanna avenue, Seranton. John R. Richardson, driver boss. Providence, was born in Mon- mouthshire, South Wales, April 10th, 1853, and married Nellie Louisa Norton, of Durham, England. John William Robatham, M. D., Hyde Park, is a native of England. He was born August 11th, 1840, and married Annie Bowen, of Olyphant, Pa. Dr. Robatham served as assistant surgeon on Generel Weitzel's staif in 1805. Lewis Roberts, residence Bellevue, post olfloe Hyde Park, inside foreman of the Dodge mine, was born in Caermarthenshire, South Wales, December 35th, 1830, and married Mary Todd, of Breconshire, South Wales. John M. Robertson, bookkeeper and paymaster for the Hillside Coal andiron Company, Dunmore, was born in Glasgow, Scotland, March 23nd, 1843, and married Jennie H. Law, of Arehbald, Pa. Jacob ItOBiNSON. founder of the brewing business in Hyde Park now conducted by his son E. Robinson, was born in Bavaria, Germany, April 24th, 1819 ; came to Seranton In 1852 ; went to New York in 1870 ; returned to Seranton in 1875, and died there in July, 1877. David P. Roche, formerly a teacher, now tax collector, residence Providence, was born in county Cork, Ireland, in April, 1826, and mar- ried Catharine Cooney, a native of Ireland. John E. Roche, Penn avenue, Seranton, formerly a traveling sales- man, now a grocer, was born in Cecilstown, county Cork, Ireland, June 13th, 1850, and married Maria L. Campbell, of Carbondale. Rev. p. T. Roche, pastor St. Patrick's Catholic Church, Hyde Park, resides at 151 Jackson street. Henry B. Rockwell, merchant and contractor. Providence, was born in Butternuts, Otsego county, N. Y., December 20th, 1818. He practiced law for some time, and was married to Anna M. Bishop, of Bainbridge, Chenango county, N. Y. Charles W. Roesler, Seranton, alderman of the 8th ward, was born in Wurtemburg, Germany, April 9th,1823,and married M. I. Bell, of Lur- gan. County of Armagh, Ireland. Mr. Roesler, who was formerly a barber, has served as cimstable, chief of police, chief of the fire depai-t- ment, U. S. revenue assessor, assistant U. S. marshal for the western dis- trict of Pennsylvania and city marshal. Finlay Ross, inside foreman at Leggett's Creek mine. Providence, was bom in Ayrshire, Scotland, January 31st, 1839, and married Eliza- beth Jones, of Pittston, Pa. 'if= -^ John Ross, merchant tailor and proprietor of Boss's ladies' suit em- porium (Scranton), was born in Manchester, England, July 34th, 1840, and married Ellen Cooper, of Bolton, Enprland. J. Elliott Ross, principal of the ITydo Park central preparatory school, was born in Northumberland county, England, April 2nd, 1847 ; came with his parents to America at the age of five ; began life in the mines at eight; worked his way up and procured an education which was finished by a classical course at Lafayette College, Easton, Pa., in the class of 1875,and received the degree of Master of Arts in June, 1880. He married Fannie M. HtiU, of Milesburg, Center county. Pa. P. J. KuANE, merchant at the High Works, Providence, was born in Eondout, N. Y., September 17th, 1851, and was elected a member of the select council of Scranton in 1876; was chaii'man two years, and was re- elected for three years in 1879. James Ruthven, accountant in the coal office of the Delaware, Lack- awanna and Western Railroad Company, Scranton, was born in New York city, September 3d, 1828, and married Mary A. Arehbald, of Auries- vllle, N. Y. He has served as burgess and councilman of Scranton bor- ough, school director and jury commissioner, and as quartermaster of the 13th regiment N. G. Pennsylvania. George Sandekson, jr., Scranton. attorney at law, was born in Towanda, August 32nd, 1846, and married Miss Jackson, of Philadelphia. He has .served as lieutenant colonel and inspector of rifle practice in the N. G. Pennsylvania. Joseph W. Sanbo, foreman at the Dickson Manufacturing Company's machine shops, was born in Pottsville, Schuylkill county, Pa., December 2nd. 1335, and married Mary Grogan, of that place. Residence, Scranton. Robert P. Savage, carriage manufacturer, residence on Green Ridge avenue, Dunmore, served one year during the late war in the quarter- master's department of the IT. S. army. He was born in Somersetshire, England, May 19th, 1835, and man-led Lizzie C. Potter, of Dunmore. Mrs. a. E. Scherlenzky, whose maiden name was Annie Onsted, was born in Rockaway, N. J., in 1843. Her late husband, Francis Scbei-lenzky, was born in Frankfort, Germany, July 13th, 183.5, and died in New York, January 14th, 1878. He was formerly in the hotel business, and was for several years agent and cashier of emigration at Castle Garden, New York. Andrew Schoen, proprietor of Schoen's hotel and restaurant, res- idence on Jackson street, Hyde Park, was born in Saxony, Germany, June 38th, 1834, and married Helena Hornung, of Immenhausen, Ger- many. He was formerly a harness maker. John Scism, formerly a carpenter and for some time in the U. S. M. construction coi-ps as general foreman or captain, now foreman of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company's ear shops, Scranton, was born in Milan, Dutchess county, N. Y., August 19th, 1839, and married Adelia MoFarlin, of Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Frederick Shrader, beer manufacturer and bottler. Mulberry street, Scranton,was born in Bavaria, Germany, December 33d, 1818, and married Armenia W. Brink, of Hawley, Wayne county. Pa. He came to America June 34th, 1833; settled in Wilkes-Barre in the fall of 1834, and was then engaged in brewing and bottling until the spring of 1853, when he removed to Dunmoi-e and established the first bottling works there ; and two or three years later he removed to Scranton. In 1806 he was elected the first treasurer of the city, Mrs. Joseph H. Scranton was born at Lennox, Berkshire county, Mass., February 32nd, 1823. Her maiden name was Cornelia Walker. She married Joseph H. Scranton, one of the most prominent men in northeastern Pennsylvania, who was born in Madison, New Haven county. Conn., June 38th, 1813, and died in Baden-Baden, Ger- many, June 6th, 1873. Residence on Ridge Row, at the corner of Monroe avenue, Scranton. N. H. Shafer, formerly engaged in farming and school teaching in New Jersey, and for a time employed as posto-flScc clerk in Scranton, now cashier of the Third National Bank of Scranton, was born in John- sonburg, Warren county, N. J., August Gth, 1841, and married Katha- rine H. Bentley, of Montrose, Susquehanna county. Pa., October 14th 1875. John D. Sherer, bookkeeper, Scranton, was boi'n in Doylstown, Bucks county. Pa., November 21st, 1841, and married Ella Masser, of Scranton. William Shoemaker, shoemaker, Hyde Park, was born in Schoharie county, N. Y., August 11th, 1808, and married SoiJhia Rose, of that county. Frank B. Silkman, dealer in hardware. Providence, was born in New York, December 13th, 1836, and married Lida J. Fuller, of Dun- more. William M. Silkman, Scranton, was born in Westchester county, N. Y.,October 31st,1834, and married Frances E. Eltinge, of Kingston, Ulster county, N. Y. Mr. Silkman, who is now engaged in keeping a livery and exchange stable, was formerly in the hardware, gas fitting and plumbing business. He was vice-president of the Scranton Savings Bank and Trust Company. Frederick Simon, retired, formerly heater in rolling mill, was bur- gess of Scranton borough two years and treasurer one year, and has served as menjber of the poor board two years. He was born in Prussia, Germany, August 15th, 1833, and married Margaret Gehen, of Prussia. Residence, Pine Brook, Scranton. G. W. Simpson, for thirty years boss carpenter for the Pennsylvania Coal Company, residence on Drinker street, Dunmore, was born in Albany county, N. Y., March 37th, 1819, and married Mary Jane Brandur, of Prattsville, Greene county, N. Y. John F. Snyder, civil and mining engineer, Scranton, was bom in Auriesville, N. Y., October 32nd, 1835, and man-led Mary Fisher, of Albany, N. Y. A. L. Spencer, of the firm of Spencer & Price, proprietors of the Green Ridge Merchant Iron Mill, was born in Dunmore, August 18th, 18.50. His wife was Josephine Russell, of Callensburg, aarion county. Residence in Scranton. W. T. Spbaque, Scranton, was born in Providence, R. I., August 14th, 1857, and has been engaged in the insurance business. He is now em- ployed as steel-blower by the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company. John O. Stanton, Scranton, foreman of the steel works of the Lack- awanna Iron and Coal Company, was born in Somerset county, April 9th, 1849, and married EUie Orr, of Johnstown, Pa. Mr. Stanton was formerly employed in the Stanton Mills, Somerset county. Hon. William H. Stanton, attorney at law, Hyde Park, was bom in New York city, July 37th, 1843, and married Miss Anna Mary Allen, of Scranton. He has served as district attorney of the mayor's court three years and State senator two years, and has represented his district in Congress, and been judge of the Court of Common Pleas. He was formerly editor of the Scranton Daily Times. Thomas P. Stephens, miner, residence on Orchard street, Hyde Park, was bom in Pembrokeshire, South Wales, March 1st, 1844, and married Mary Watkins, of Glamorganshire. He is serving his second term as city councilman. George E.Stone, boot and shoe man ufacturer. Green Ridge (for- merly assistant paymaster for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Com- pany), was born January 2Ist, 18.50, at Mt. Pleasant, Wayne county, and married Martha J. Hays, of Providence. Andrew Strang, M. D., was born in Linlithgowshire, Scotland, Sep- tember 13th, 1845 ; came to America in November, 1872 ; was two years book-keeper for Cape Fear Iron and Steel Company, Chatham county. North Carolina; afterward studied medicine for four years under Dr. Daniel W. Williams, Lonaconlng, Maryland, and graduated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, Maryland, in March, 1880, and came to Scranton in April, 1880. U. M. Stowers, of Scranton, deceased, was born November 31st, 1808, in Chester, Vt. In 1833 he engaged in the mercantile business at Bingham- ton, where in 1835 he married Miss Catharine Whiting. In 1863 he re- moved to Scranton, and was in the flour and provision business until 1870, when the Stowers Pork Padding and Provision Company was organized, with Mr. Stowers as manager and treasurer, which position he filled until his death. R. A. Squire, M. D., 203 Wyoming avenue, Scranton, was born at Lisle, Broome county, N. Y., January 3d, 1826, and married Mary C. Wheeler, of Whitney's Point, N. Y. Edward B. Sturoes, attorney-at-law, Scranton, was born in Fair- field, Conn., February 16th, 1845. August Stdtzbach, publisher of the Scrantnn Woclwnlikitt, was born in Prussia, Germany, August 3d, 1845, and married Lena Shinnen, of Atlantic City, N. J. Addison Sweetser, brick manufacturer, Hyde Park, was bom In Worcester county, Mass., December 13th, '1830, and married Angelia Jones. He came to Hyde Park in 1850, and engaged in his present business. Benjamin Sweetser was born in Boston, Mass., January 9th, 1839, and since he came to Hyde Park, over thirty years ago, has been engaged in the manufacture of brick. He married Catharine Davis, of Hyde Park, a native of South Wales. David P. Thomas, formerly a painter, now secretary of the Scranton schools, residence Providence, was born in South Wales, December 3d, 1850, and married Melrlon Roberts, of Danville, Montour county, Pa. =4* GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, SCRANTON AND DUNMORE. 438^ ^ Edwahd E. Thomas, residence at Dodge mines, near Scranton, ot which he is outside foreman, was born at Vron-Cysyllte, Denbighshire, North Wales, December 25th, 1830. He has been twice married ; to Eliz- abeth Jones, Sirhowy, South Wales, who died eight months later, and to Catharine Edwards, of Llanymddyfri, Caermarthenshire, South Wales. MOROAH W. Thomas, formerly a miner, now a machinist, Providence, was born in Glamorganshire, South Wales, in March, 1827, and was there married to Sophia Myles. Thomas G. Thomas, merchant tailor, residence on Jefferson avenue, Hyde Park, was born in Pembrokeshire, South Wales, December 17th, 1845, and married Jane Lewis, of Cacrmarthen, Wales, Richard Thomas, formerly a grocer, now tax collector and agent, has served as a member of the select council of the city of Scranton. He was born in Wales, February 24th, 1840, and married Margaret Wil- liams, of Treherhert, Wales. T. D. Thomas, postmaster at Hyde Park, was born in Wales, January 27th, 1827, and has been engaged in mining. His wife was Martha Ed- wards, of Spring Brook. William G. Thomas, Hyde Park, deputy clerk of the courts of Lack- awanna county, engineer and machinist by trade, was born in Wales, October 22nd, 1849, and married Margaret A. Davis, of Pittston. He came to Scranton in 1865. Adam Thompson, carpenter and builder, Scranton, was born in New- ton township, Lackawanna county, February 18th, 1822, and married Lydia J. Rosenkranz, of Sussex county, N. J. C. M. Thompson, mantle manufacturer. Green Hidge, was born in Pittston, May 2nd, 1824. He is a grandson of James Thompson, who came into the valley ninety-seven years ago and married Nancy New- comb, who when thirteen years old led her little brother across the mountains after the massacre. Mr. Thompson has been in the real estate business, and has served as a member of the select council. He married May H. Carkhutf, of Wiikes-Carre. J. A. Van Horn, proprietor of Van Horn's European Hotel and dining-rooms, Lackawanna avenue. Scran ton, was born at Bergen Point, N. J., October 3d, 1828, and married Ann S. Van Winkle, of Bergen Hill, N. J. Hev. K. W. Van Schoick, Hyde Park, was born at Decatur, Otsego county, N. Y., April 6th, 1843, and married Mary J. Winton, of Norwich, N. T. E. T. Varnks, locomotive engineer for the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, residence Hyde Park, was born in Danville, Pa., July 24th, 1847, and married Lydia Eandolph, of Scranton. Godfrey Von Storch, formerly n farmer and carpenter and coal operator, now retired, residence Providence, is a son of the prominent early settler H. L. C. Von Storch, and was born in Providence, July 24th, 1821. He married Maiy Rogers, of Eaton, Wyoming county, Pa. J. S. Walden, dentist, Scranton, was born in Nelson, Madison county, N. Y., February 23d, 1844, and married Josephine Fisher, of Scranton. During the late war he served .in Company I 142nd Pennsylvania vol- unteers three years. Robert W. Walker, carpenter and rail inspector for the Delaware Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, residence at Hyde Park, was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, December 3d, 1835, and married Cath- arine E. Shively, of Wilkes-Barre, Luzerne county. During the Rebel- lion he served the United States government three years as locomotive engineer, Simon Ward, retired, Scranton, was bom in Plainfleld, Northumber- land county, Pa., January 5th, 1802, and married Susan Kniobt, of Northampton county. Pa. He came from Stroudsburg, Pa., in Septem- ber, 1840, and as is stated in the history of Scranton did the first day's work toward the erection of the many buildings of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company. He was for fifteen years in the employ of the company as a mason and afterwards for fifteen years superintendent of their farms and teams. HON. W. G. WARD, of the firm of Ward & Home, attorneys, Scranton, residence in Hyde Park, was born in Dover Plains, Dutchess county, N. T., October 7th, 1823. He married Maria White, of Columbia county, N. Y., who died December 2nd, 1872. His present wife was Louisa Z. Hurl- burt, of North Adams, Mass. Mr. Ward was recorder of the mayor's court, Scranton, 1870-75, when he resigned. Richard Walsh, miner, was elected a member of the city council in 1879 He was born in county Mayo, Ireland, November 12th, 1862, and married Ann Haban, of Mayo, who died October 28th, 1879. Residence, Providence. Nicholas Washburn, Hyde Park, was born January 23d, 1816, in Columbia, N. T., and came to the site of Scranton in 1820. He isamem- ber of the council, and has been poormaster twelve years. Before his retirement from active employment Mr. Washburn was a coal weigher. His wife was Maria Smith, also of Columbia, N. Y. Thomas E. Watkibs, inside mining foreman, Hyde Park, was bom in Breconshire, South Wales, February 12th, 1829, and married Rachel Lewis, of Glamorganshire, South Wales. He has served as councilman from the 5th ward of Scranton. W. J. Watkins, book and job printer, over Decker's store, Main street, Hyde Park, was born in Glamorganshire, South Wales, November 29th, 1857, and married Hattie Serine, of Scranton. Isaac Waters, miner, has been coal weigher, boss, &c., and resides at Hyde Park. He was born October 19th, 1814, in Monmouthshire, South Wales, where he married Miss Ann Jones. L. A. Watres, attorney-at-law, 426 Lackawanna avenue, Scranton, was born at Mt. Vernon mills, Luzerne county, April 21st, 1851, and mar- ried EfBe J. Hawley, of Scranton. Mr. Watres was engaged as cashier of Scranton Savings Bank and Trust Company five years, and has been deputy marshal two years. Lewis S. Watres, 105 Adams avenue, Scranton, formerly a farmer and lumberman, now and for some time past one of the aldermen of the city of Scranton, was born in Phoenixvllle, Chester county. Pa., Febru- ary 6th, 1808, and married Miss H. G. Holllster, of Bden, Wayne county. Pa. W. S. Watrous, of Scranton, son of J. B. Watrous, a soldier in the war of 1812, was born at Salem, Pa., in 1847. His wife was Annie M. Edwards, of Luzerne county. J. B. Watrous wa« a son of a Revolutionary soldleri and his grandfather was captain under General George Washington. The subject of this sketch had four brothers in the Federal array from 1861 to 1863. He was for a time a clerk, but is now a conductor. Frank W. Watson, Scranton, dealer in hardware, plumber and gas fitter, was born in Boston, Mass., December 14th, 1826. and married Fanny Cornish, of Carbondale, Pa. He was elected first assistant engi- neer of the Scranton fire department,andby the resignation of the chief became chief engineer, serving ten months— until the expiration of the term. He has been an assistant assessor of internal revenue, and presi- dent and secretary of the Scranton school board one year each, and was commissioned 3nd lieutenant of Company F 50th N. Y. regiment, and 1st lieutenant of Company 1 104th Pa. regiment. Charles H. Welles, attorney and for a time clerk of the mayor's court, Scranton, residence on Vine street near Jefferson avenue, was born at Dundaff, Susquehanna county, Pa., April 16th, 1845, and married Hannah B. Sherrerd, of Scranton. CORYDON H. Wells, insurance agent and member of the law firm of C. H. Wells & Son, Scranton, was born in Dundaff, Susquehanna county. Pa., October 1st, 1826, and married Mary G. Bass. Giles Whitbeck, Scranton, lumberman, was born In Exeter, Luzerne county. May 9th, 1825, and is a carpenter by trade. He married Catha- rine Ruple, of Wilkes-Barre. Charles W. White, formerly a bookkeeper, now stationary engineer for the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company, residence Scranton, was born in Bridgeport, Conn., September 28th, 1847, and married Catharine Ryan, of Chatham, N. Y. Daring the Rebellion he served three years in the 15th N. J. volunteers, and after the war was seven years and a half in the regular army of the United States. Rev. Moses Whittby is the pastor of the St. Mary's Catholic church of Providence. Robert Widdowmeld, Scranton, foundry superintendent, was born in New York city, in 1852. Thomas Widdoweield was born in Gates Head, England, September 2ith, 1826. His wife was Miss S. Jackson, also of England. Mr. Widdow- field, who has been burgess of Dunmore borough, is superintendent of the Pennsylvania Coal Company's foundry, John Wilkins, pattern maker, Hyde Park, was born in Monmouth- shire, South Wales, May 8th, 18.38, and married Susan Stokes, of Somer- setshire, England, born March 16th, 1843. E. N. WiLLABD, attorney, notary public and register in bankruptcy, was bom in Madison, New Haven county. Conn., April 2nd, 1835, and came to Scranton in November, 1856, where he married Ellen C. Hower. He was admitted to practice law in New Haven, Conn., in 1856, and at the Luzerne county bar in 1857. He has served as notary public nine years; attorney and secretary for the borough of Scranton four years; attorney for the city of Scranton and secretary of select council from charter of the city for four years and captain in the 127th regiment U. S. C. T. fifteen months, and is now counsel and attorney for the Dela^ ware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, the Pennsylvania Coal Company, the Hillside Coal and Iron Company and the Pennsyl- vania Anthracite Coal Company, and attorney and secretary of the <^ select council of the city ot Scranton and president of the Scranton Savings Banlc and Trust Company, the Stowers Pork Packing and Pro- vision Company, and the Green Bidge Coal Company (Limited). Daniel Williams, contractor and builder, Hyde Park, was born in Caermarthenshire, South Wales, December 9th, 1825, and married Jenette Howell, of Glamorganshire. John F. Williams, inside mining foreman, residence Hyde Park, was born in Caermarthenshire, South Wales, January 31st, .1839, and married Mary Lewis, of Caermarthenshire. John H. Williams, chief engineer, formerly a machinist, was born in Dowlais, Wales . March 12th, 1848. He mai-ried Mary B. Smith, of Scran- ton. Mr. Williams served nine months in the 50th N. Y. engineers. T. E. Williams, clerk, was born in Breconshire, South Wales, Febru- ary 7th, 1827, and married Ann Jones, of his native shire. Residence at Providence. W. W. Williams, builder and county auditor for Lackawanna county, residence at Providence, was born in Glamorganshire, Wales, December 31st, 1836, and married Elizabeth Jenkins, of Bangor, Wis. William B, Williams has served as common councilman and mem- ber of the select council ot the city of Scranton. He was born in Bre- conshire, Wales, November 16th, 1825, and resides in Hyde Park. He married Elizabeth Morris, of his native shire. W. O. Williams, miner, formerly a merchant, residence Bellevue, HydePark, was bom in Breconshire, South Wales, August 20th, 1840, and married Margaret James, of Caermarthenshire, South Wales. Jonathan B, Wint, residence Green Kidge, Scranton, retired, was bom in AUeotown, Lehigh county. Pa., September 28th, 1808, and mar- ried Euphemia Johnston, of Easton, Pa. Theodore G. Wole, Scranton, superintendent at the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company's rolling mills, Scranton, was born at Easton, Pa., May 26th, 1844, and married Lizzie E. Poulke, of Stroud township, Monroe county, Pa. He was formerly a clerk. Prank P. Woodward, editor and manager of the Scranton issue of the News Dealer and general writer, formerly a farmer and teacher, resi- dence Park Place, Scranton, was born in Wayne county. Pa., in January 1853, and married L. M. De Long, of Paupack, Wayne county. Pa, Warren Woodward, attorney, Scranton, was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., October 23d, 1854. His oflBce is at room No. 7 Second National Bank Building, Lackawanna avenue. James Woolsey, contractor and builder, formerly a manufacturer of sash, blinds and doors, Scranton, was born in Bedford, Westchester county, N. Y., January 14th, 1833, and married Jane Couch, of Phillips- port, Sullivan county, N. Y. He has served five years as a member of the select council of the city of Scranton. O. B. Wright, Scranton, formerly for eleven years United States deputy collector, 12th district of Pennsylvania, now deputy phothono- tary of Lackawanna county, served in Company K 132nd regiment Pennsylvania volunteers nine months during the war of the Rebellion, and was wounded at the battle .of Fredericksburg, Va. He was bom in Adams, Jefferson county, N. Y., August 11th, 1836. Rev. W. C. Wunderlich, pastor of the German Presbyterian Church, Scranton, was born at Sondershausen, Germany, October 9th, 1827 A. F. Yost, formerly an editor and publisher, and now managing editor of the Saranton Republican, was born in South Easton, Pa., July 10th, 1841, and married Charlotte R. Irvin, of Bloiiirisburgb, Columbia county. Pa., May 31st, 1866. Residence Hyde Park. James Young, mine superintendent, Dunmore, was born in Scotland, March 26th, 1843. He married Charlotte Harrington, of Dunmore. Charles W. Ziegler, residence at Providence, for nine j'ears out- side superintendent at the Von Storch colliery, was born in Germany, March 3d, 1849, and has been employed at this mine for twenty years. He married Nellie A. Kelly, of Dunmore, Pa. Kev. Ph. Fr. ZizELMANN, pastor of the German Lutheran Church, Scranton, was born at Cleebronn,Wurtemburg, Germany, October 10th, 1824, and maiTied Ch. B. nei Schlatterbeck, of Bablinger, Wurtemburg. The following citizens of Scranton and Dunmore also contributed their support to this publication: W. E. Allen, Thomas D. Bevan, S. D. Buckley, G. H. Catlin, G. J. Chamberlain, A. A. Chase, W. B. Culver, James P. Dickson, G. P. Eynon, C. S. Farrer, William Gillmore, A. R. Gould, D. N. Green, W. F. Hallstead, Kev. Lot Lake, D. LangstafE, Amanda Lamb, Harold Leach, Silas Leach, Arthur C. Logan, R. T. McCabe, John Morris, C. Osterhout, Mrs. M. D. Osterhout, J. W. Pike, Conrad Sohroeder, W. W. Scranton, John B. Smith, Thomas Stewart, G. M. Williams. ih =*=^k *^^= =^^ THE CITY OF CARBONDALE HE city of Carbondale was formed by an act of Assembly March isth, 1851, from part of Carbondale township, bounded as follows: Beginning at a corner in the southerly line of the township of Fell at the point where the Milford and Owego turnpike road crosses said Fell township line; thence south 32° west 662 perches, to a corner in the northerly line of Thomas Meredith's ■'Cottage" farm; thence, by a line due east, 488 perches, to a corner in the empty or return track of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's Blakely railroad; thence north 32" east 662 perches, to a corner in the southerly line of Fell township; thence along said line of Fell township, due west, 488 perches, to the place of beginning. The city was divided into four wards. Settlement and Early Events. About 1812 William Wurts, of Philadelphia, became possessor of large tracts hereabouts. He and his brother Maurice, becoming satisfied of the richness of the coal deposits in the Lackawanna valley, made preparations to begin mining. In 1824 they erected a log house near where the house of Patrick Early, on Seventh street, now stands. Uriah Williams and Hiram Frisbee lived in this house and boarded the miners. Deacon Young came during the summer of 1826, to superintend the coal oper- ations. The next occupant of the log house was Salmon Lathrop, a contractor on the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company's railroad, who moved into the building in March, 1827. He kept the place as a hotel, and was succeeded in 1828 by Sylvester Jessup. John M. Poor, clerk for the Wurts brothers, and Eleazer M. Townsend came during the summer of this year. Carbondale had received its name before this time, it having been announced on the boxes containing tools for the laborers on the railroad, which were consigned to "Carbondale;" thus proclaiming along the route from New York that a new town had sprung up in the wilds of the Lackawanna. From the completion of the railroad, in 1828, the set- tlement was quite rapid. Dwellings and stores were be- ing built along Main and Church streets. The company had small shops, and began to ship coal during the sum- mer in small quantities. Previous to 1832 the following persons were among those living in-Carbondale: Uriah Williams, Hiram Frisbee, Deacon Young-, Salmon Lathrop, John M. Poor, E. M. Townsend, Dr. T. Sweet, D. N. Lathrop, S. B. Baynor, Samuel Mills, R. E. Marvin, Henry Johnson, Stephen Rodgers, Terence Powderly, John Gilligan, Daniel Taylor, John Simpson, Jesse Gardner, James Birdsall, Wanton Hill, Stephen Marsh, Jesse Clark, Addison Clark, H. B. Jadwin, .John Lee, E. Carleton Overton, Nathan Eaynor, Joseph Stott, Patrick Nealon, Joseph Benjamin, Henry Van Bergen, James W. Go£E, William Eggleston, James Dickson, Thomas Gillisplo, H. S. Pierce, William Ball, J. W. Burnham, Charles T. Pierson, Charles White, Patrick MolBtt, William Brennan, Daniel Scurry, Samuel Baker, S. T. Hopkins, Jedediah Bowen, Samuel Mills, George Dies, Judson Clark, Stephen Clark, Charles Smith, John Love. The population increased with the business of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, and in 1850 there were 4,954 inhabitants in the township. The cen- sus of 1880 showed 7,719 people within the city limits. A store for the men employed by the Delaware and Hud- son was established by Salmon Lathrop, at the log-house, in 1827. He erected a frame building on the corner of Main and Salem streets, where Pascoe & Scurry now are, in 1828, for a store and dwelling. He soon sold his stock to John M. Poor. Hackley & Townsend began trading where the Harrison House now stands as early as 1829. R. C. Overton had a store where the building of Evans & Alexander now is, and Samuel Hodgson one where the workingmen's co-operative store is. Eggle- ston & McEntee had established themselves in business prior to 1830. The first tailor was S. Shelley, from New York, who be- gan business over Mr. Overton's store in 1829. John H. Waterbury began the tailoring business in 183 1, and Charles Levan, Washburn Race and Edgar Bogardus in 1833. L. G. Ensign, who was the first to establish a jew- elry _'store (in 1829), began the hat and cap business in 1832, and James A. Smith & Co. in August, 1833. Hodges & Bennet first kept books and stationery in 1833. J. W. Burnham was the second jeweler, having begun business in 1832. The first drug store was opened by Doctors Carter and Brundage in 1832, and closed in May, 1834. Sweet, Benjamin & Co. began dealing in drugs in 1835. Stephen Rodgers, the first shoemaker, came in 1829. H. B. Jadwin came soon after and continued in business for several years. Mr. Jadwin had been in the village as early as <^- 44° HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. 1828, but only stayed a short time. W. S. Vail began shoemaking in 1832. I. S. Ditmar first began black- smithing as a business separate from that of the com- pany. He came in 1828 as foreman for the company, in which position he was succeeded by Samuel Mills. John Simpson, a Scotchman, was the next blacksmith; his shop standing on the site of that of his son. James Lewis had a shop on the opposite side of the road. Simpson and Lewis both came about 1833. A place of entertainment was kept in the old log house by Uriah Williams, and after him by Salmon Lathrop; then by Sylvester Jessup in 1829. Mr. Lathrop built a hotel (the Mansion House) on Main street, oppo- site his store in 1829. E. M. Townsend built the Railway Hotel about the same time, and James D. Treat took it in October, 1833. D. B. Blanchard kept the Mansion House two or three years, and was followed by Zepha- niah Knapp, in March, 1836. August 7th, 1840, Mr. Lathrop again took "possession. A. Smith and Charles Cox kept the Railway Hotel in 1841. Both these houses were burned September 28th, 1850. Since then several other hotel buildings have been burned. Daniel Taylor, now living in the city, came here in 1828, from New York, and began wagon making. His shop was on Wyoming street. Ned Rogers began busi- ness as a cabinet maker in 1832, and Alexander Fergu- son in June, 1833. The first saddler was Milton Moon, agent for Warner Haden, who started business in the store formerly occupied by Drs. Carter and Brundage, one door east of the Mansion House, in June 1S33. Henry Johnson, who came to the place in 1830, was one of the earliest contractors and builders, if not the very first, and has erected many of the stores and dwel- lings of the city. The first millinery establishment, that of Misses Low & Benjamin, in the store formerly occupied by Eggleston & McEntee, was opened in the fall of 1830. Mrs. Car- ter had a shop as early as 1832. Mrs. Curlis and Mrs. Johnson engaged in the business in 1834. Williams and Jackson established the first tin shop in 1S34. Dr. Thomas Sweet, who came in 1S2S, was the first resident physician. March 7th, 1833, Drs. Carter and Brundage (botanic) advertised themselves as graduates of the "Reformed College of Physicians of New York," and opened an office. They left in 1834. J. Stott began the practice of medicine in September, 1833, having his office at the home of his father, James Stott, at the cor- ner of the parade ground. Drs. John P. Farnham and N. Jackson began practicing in 1837, and Dr. E, A. Webb in August, 1839. The first dentist was Dr. Knapp, in 1835. D. F. Dederich, 1837, was the next. Doctors and dentists have come and gone almost every year for several years, and it would be impossible to give a full list. There are now seven physicians and three dentists in the city. Lawyers have begun practice in Carbondale as fol- lows: William Wurts, March 31st, 1833; D. N. Lathrop, May lith, ISM ; Lewis Jones, March 1st, 1886; ¥. M. Crane, 1840; Amzi Wilson, 1841 ; Samuel Hodgson, November, 1843; H. B. Burnham, November, 1844; Alfred Dart, February, 1745 ; P. Byrne, July, 1847 ; P. 0. Gritman, November 1848; F. Saxton, January, 1849; G. W. Perkins, 1851; L. E. Miller, 1851; Henry Wilson, May, 1859 ; I. D. Eiohards, April, 1861 ; M. Carnavan, May 39th, 1803 ; C. B. Lathrop, admitted June 12th, 1857, began practice June 1st, 1808 ; G. H. Squiers, If 70 ; M. M. Thorpe, July, 1870 ; B. Bobinson, 1873; Wilbur F. Lathrop, 1873; Q. A.Gates, July, 1874; James E. Burr, July, 1877. Of these Alfred Dart, P. C. Gritman, C. E. Lathrop, George H. Squiers, Wilbur F. Lathrop and James E. Burr are now practicing in Carbondale. The first road was laid out December 21st, 1828, ex- tending from Carbondale to the Milford and Owego turnpike. The first white children born within the city limits were a son of Hiram Frisbee and a daughter of Uriah Williams, both born in the spring of 1825 in the old log house. The first child born of American parents after the settlement had really begun was Helen Dwight Blanchard, daughter of D. B. and Sophronia Blanchard, born August 17th, 1829, and now the wife of Hon. J. P. Foster, mayor of Des Moines, Iowa. The first marriage was that of D. B. Blanchard to Sophronia Lathrop, in 1828. The first saloon was opened in August, 1832, "to prevent the use of ardent spirits by the miners," by furnishing them malt drinks. James J. Hetherby, who came to Carbondale in May, 1842, was the first music teacher, and taught band and piano music. Kellam & Davis established the first bakery in August, 1842. S. S. Benedict first began tak- ing daguerreotypes in January, 1S44, at the Mansion House. The first livery stable was established by W. W. Bronson, in 1849. W. W. Lathrop began in the news business in November, 1855. The first brick house was erected in 1866, by John Kase, on River street. P. Moffit built one on Main street about the same time. The first brick store was that of J. Alexander & Sons, built in 1867. Railroad, Express and Telegraphic Communica- tions. The completion of the gravity road of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, in the fall of 1829, first es- tablished communication with the outside world. The operation of the road was attended with great difficulties, arising from the breaking of the chains used on the in- clined planes. In April, 1830, tarred ropes were substi- tuted for the chains, with very desirable results. Freight was first regularly carried in 1843. This road carried no passengers for some years after its completion. Passen- ger cars were first attached to the rear of the coal "trips." Upon the return or "light " track being built cars made the round trip instead of returning by the old road. The head of each plane was raised and the foot lowered, so that cars could run down each plane by gravity, whereas horses had been used to haul the loaded cars one way and the empty ones the other. In i860 the company had extended the road to Providence, and passenger cars be- gan to run over the road. It was extended to Scranton, and, forming a connection with the Delaware, Lackawan- na and Western, was changed to a locomotive road. The ^^- <^ ^^ ^P' EARLY BUSINESS PLACES OF CARBONDALE— ROADS AND MAILS. 441 first locomotive reached Carbondale in the latter part of September, 1870. Coal trains ran during November. Passenger travel was opened July 4th, 187 1. The Jeffer- son branch of the Erie was completed during this year, passenger business beginning May 15th, 1871. The first express company that reached Carbondale was Hope's express, which used the gravity road until its extension to Providence, when the Central express was put on the road. June ist, 1873, the Delaware, Lacka- wanna and Western express began running to Carbondale, and J. H. Wilson has been the agent ever since. The office is on Main street. The United States Express Company has used the Jefferson branch of the Erie ever since it was completed. A. B. Durfee is agent. The Western Union Telegraph Company leases the lines of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, and has an office near the office of the company, M. E. John- son manager. This company does nearly all the public business, although the railroad companies have tele- graph oflSces. Mails and Routes. John Knapp, now living in Old Forge township, car- ried the mail from where Scranton now is to Newburgh, N. Y., passing through the place were Carbondale now stands, before any clearing was made. For two years the people of Carbondale had to depend on a post-office six miles away, Clarkstown being the nearest established office. In August, 1829, the office at Carbondale was established, with James W. Goff postmaster: A route from Carbondale to Clarkstown was established, mails being carried twice a week. In January, 1833, there were two lines of stages passing through the place. A route was established in 1836 from Carbondale to Tunk- hannock, via Greenfield, Wallsville, Abington and Nichol- son. Mails arrived as follows: During 1843, on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday — southern, z'ta Wilkes-Barre, 3 P. M.; New York, 10 P. M.; Owego, 7 P. M. Friday — Nicholson, via Greenfield and Abington, g A. M. Mails closed for the same points on the same days. The post- masters at Carbondale have been appointed as follows: James W. Goff, 1829; William Eggleston, 1833; Horatio S. Pierce, 1837; J. P. Williams, Calvin Benjamin and C. T. Pierson, 1841; Martin Curtis, 1842; F. M. Crane, 1843; H. P. Ensign, 1844; Joseph Gillispie, 1849; Anthony Grady, 1854; D.N. Lathrop, i86r; William R. Baker, 1864; Daniel Prendegrast, 1867; P. S. Joslin, 1869, who still holds the office. Mails now arrive from Honesdale and from the south twice a day; from the north once a day, by rail, and from Dundaff once a day by stage. When the employes of the railroad began settling in Carbondale the only road was a bridle path running along the Lackawanna river. The first road out was one leading from near the railroad, in the first ward of the city, to the Milford and Owego turnpike. This was laid out December 21st, 1828. The Carbondale and Blakely Turnpike Company was organized in 1833. D. B. Blanchard, Alexander Dolph and Henry Van Bergen were the first board of managers, and Joseph Benjamin treasurer. Books were opened for subscription to the stock of the Carbondale and Lackawanna turnpike, at the Mansion House, June 30th, 1834. D. B. Blanchard, E. M. Town- send, William Eggleston, Thomas Meredith, Marshal Dimick and Raynsford Smith were the commissioners. This road leads from Carliondale to Belmont, Wayne county, following the river; proposals were advertised for May 27th, 1836, for the building of such parts as might be located. There were only three roads leading into Carbondale in 1836. John Searle, of Pittston, held the contract of carrying the mail from Scranton to Honesdale, and upon the completion of the wagon road put on a wagon and carried passengers and freight. G. A. Whitney was the first driver. Harvey C. Nash, agent, put a daily line of stages on the road from Carbondale to Wilkes-Barre in September, 1845, making three trips a week by the direct route and three by Harrison's Mills. L. Searle & Co. began run- ning a daily line of stages to Montrose in January, 1851, charging a fare of $1.50. The line to Wilkes-Barre after- ward passed into the hands of Bronson & Allen, who continued to run it until i860, when they drew off from the valley route, as the railroad offered superior facilities for traveling. Business Growth. From a single log house in 1827, the place had in- creased to a village of 600 inhabitants in J 833, with six stores, one apothecary shop, one clothing store, several groceries, two hotels, two physicians, one lawyer, me- chanics of all kinds, millinery shops, and four churches. As the business of mining coal increased so did the busi- ness of all kinds. The prosperity of Carbondale has always depended on the amount of work done by the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. The mercantile appraisement of 1837 shows ten stores in the village, and the foundry of Pierson & Co. was doing a good business. The number of stores had increased to thirteen in 1845, ^"d the name of P. Moffitt, who is still in business here, appears in the list. The business of Carbondale received a severe blow September 28th, 1850, by a disastrous fire, which broke out in the Carbondale House, kept by G. W. Thomas, and burned nearly the entire business part of the town. The space burned over extended from the parade ground to the turnpike, on Main street, and west side of Church street, including twelve stores, five dwel- lings, three hotels, one saddle and harness shop, the post- office, several offices and both newspaper establish- ments. Yet in 1855 there were 41 stores, 12 saloons, one brewery, three foundries, a marble yard and two firms do- ing brokers' business. Eighteen of the forty-one stores are assessed as dealing in liquors. There were in 1879 twenty general stores, thirteen groceries, three hardware stores, three merchant tailoring establishments, four to- bacconists, one gentlemen's furnishing goods store, two Hh =-^^ *i> ^H 442 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. harness shops, six milliners, six meat markets, thirteen restaurants and saloons, three foundries, four furniture stores, besides planing-mills, etc. The First National Bank was organized in November, 1864, with a capital of $110,000, all paid in, and began business January ist, 1865. The first officers were: H. S. Pierce, president; John S. Law, vice-president; James Stott, cashier. These have remained the same with the exception of John S. Law, who has been succeeded by W. W. Bronson. The Miners and Mechanics' Savings Bank was organiz- ed in June, 1872, with a capital stock of $50,000. The first officers were: John Jermyn, president; E. E. Hen- drick, vice-president; James R. Lathrop, cashier. The bank has erected a fine stone building, with a vault of solid masonry, on Main strtot. The building is two stories high with a basement The present officers are: John Jermyn, president; E. E. Hendrick and Alfred Pascoe, vice-presidents; C. E. Spencer, cashier; S. E. Raynor, teller. Manufacturing Interests. The Delaware and Hudson machine shop was started in a small wooden building near the site of the present building, soon after 1831. This was burned in 1845, and replaced by another wooden structure. This was burned in June, 1857, when the present stone building was erect- ed. Work began in February, 1858, under the charge of James Dickson. The machinery was run by water power till 1870, when a thirty-horse power engine was added to the works. This shop repairs all the machinery of the gravity road, cars, stationary engines, etc. About 45 men are employed. Pierce H. Butler is master mechanic, Wil- liam Johnson is foreman of the machine shop, and An- drew Wylie of the blacksmith shop. The company has also had three car shops, two having been burned. The present shop is a brick structure. The main part is 180 by 50 feet, and is used for building and repairing freight and passenger cars. There is a wing 175 by 50, used for woodwork. Cars for the gravity road are also built here. A paint shop is situated a short distance from the main shop. There is a small shop on the switch-back, and also one on the line of the Erie road, which are connected with this shop, and used for slight repairs. Axles are fin- ished in the main shop. These shops can employ 175 men, but do not employ over 75. Thomas Orchard is super- intendent of all car or -repair shops, with George Egg foreman at the gravity shop, Frank Shannon of wood- work, William Boyd of the freight and passenger car shop, Patrick Powderly at the switch-back, Fred- erick Tappan at the shop on the Erie road, and Edward Blocksligg of the paint shop. The car shop uses about 2,000,000 feet of lumber per year. The Delaware and Hudson locomotive shops were erected in 1876. They do a general business in rebuild- ing and repairing the locomotives of the company, and employ about thirty men. The shop has a capacity of from twelve to fifteen locomotives per year, and the ex- penses are from $50,000 to $60,000. There are thirty- six locomotives on the Pennsylvania division that depend upon this shop. The building is of brick, 125 by 75 feet. The engine-house has room for twenty-four locomotives. S. H. Dotterer is superintendent of the shop, with Jacob Eitel dispatcher, and John Seager foreman of shop. Hanford & Burr erected a planing-mill' near the river, at the lower end of the street, in 1861, which they oper- ated until 1865, when Mr. Burr sold to Poor & Mills, and the firm became A. O. Hanford & Co. Samuel Mills purchased the interests of the other partners in 1871, and carried on the business alone for a year. He then sold a share to N. P. Cramer and S. P. Baker. Mr. Cramer retired from the firm in October of the same year, and the firm name became Mills & Baker. F. W. Mills ob- tained an interest in the business in June, 1876 and the firm became as now. The works are employed in making sash, doors and blinds, besides doing a general business in manufactured lumber, using 250,000 feet per year. There is a thirty-five horse power engine. Andrew Mitchell's planing-mill, above the head of plane No. 1 on the gravity road, was erected in 1871. Mr. Mitchell manufactures sash, blinds, doors and flooring, besides furnishing all kinds of building material, and can use 400,000 feet of pine and 200,000 feet of other woods per annum. The Bunnell Manufacturing Company began making agricultural implements and bed-springs in 1875, oppo- site the carriage shop of N. Moon & Brother. L. I. Bun- nell bought the establishment in April, 1879. He employs seven men.' N. Moon & Brother began the carriage and wagon business on the corner of Belmont avenue and Canaan street in 1874. They employ seven men. William Crago had a carriage shop on the corner of Church and Salem streets in 1864. He moved to the corner of River and Dundaff streets in 1869. He has erected three large vats for making cider vinegar in his shop. The first foundry in Carbondale was established in 1833. Alanson Reed, a Methodist preacher, and Abiran Gurncy were proprietors. It was on Church and Foundry streets and was principally occupied in casting wheels for the Delaware and Hudson cars- Reed & Gurney dis- solved partnership February 14th, 1834, and the firm be- came Eggleston & Reed, William Eggleston having pur- chased an interest. The foundry was burned February ^th. 1835, and rebuilt in ten days. The loss was $2,000. By the retirement of Mr. Reed the firm became Eggles- ton & Wilbur in June, 1836. They sold to Pierson & Co. in August, 1837, and the foundry was called " Lu- zerne County Stove Foundry." A ten-horse-power en- gine and three lathes were put in in September, 1843, and the establishment advertised to do general casting. By the death of Samuel T. Hopkins, one of the firm, July 2nd, 1847, the firm name was changed to Pierson & Benjamin. Mr. Pierson retired April ist, 1850, and J. Benjamin & Co. carried on the business until April 3d, 1873, when the firm became J. B. Van Bergen & Co. This firm removed the establishment to its present loca- tion near Dundaff street, where they have erected brick ^h 4h ^h =^^ MANUFACTORIES AND SCHOOLS OF CARBONDALE. 443 buildings. They have a fine brick store connected with it. Peter Campbell built the Union Stove Foundry about 1842. Soon afterward he entered Into partnership with John Aitkin, and they operated the foundry, casting wheels, stoves and plows, until 1859, when they sold to David Lister. He sold to Samuel Lister and Frederick T. Gelder July 22nd, 1865. Frederick T. Gelder has owned the establishment since September ist, 1865. The foundry is at the upper end of River street. It now casts wheels and mining machinery, stoves and plows. John Simpson erected a stove foundry on Seventh street, west of the river, in 1843 or 1844. He sold to J. Stuart & Co. in November, 1856. R. V. Muir, the part- ner, withdrew in a short time, and Mr. Stuart carried on the business until October 14th, 1865, when A. Mitchell became interested with him, under the name of J. Stuart & Co. William Lindsay bought the interest of Mr. Mitchell and Patrick Early bought out Mr. Stuart, and the foundry began running under the firm of Lindsay & Earley October 14th, 1869. This firm still owns the es- tablishment. A grist-mill was run in connection with the foundry by Mr. Simpson. The boiler of the " Stour- bridge Lion", the first locomotive engine ever run in America, was used to drive the engines of this establish- ment for several years. The boiler, which was made of plates five-eighths of an inch thick, with only two flues, of an oval form, about eight inches by twelve inches, now lies by the side of the building. It has been run up to 250 pounds of steam. Lindsay & Earley replaced it with a ten-horse engine of modern make. They employ seven men. The Weston mill was built in 1857, by Griswold, Wurts & Co., for the purpose of grinding fine coal to make black paint. This enterprise failing, they sold to the present owners in 1859. This is the only flouring mill in the city or vicinity. E. E. Hendricks first began the business of oil refining on the line of the gravity road. In 1876 he removed his refinery to its present location, on the west side of the river below the Delaware and Hudson depot, where the works were put up on a more extensive plan. They have a capacity of 1,000 barrels per day, and employ 32 men here and four men at the old place on the gravity road. All kinds of burning and lubricating oils are made here. John Herbert is the foreman. The only saw-mill now in operation in the city is that of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, above the shops and on the Lackawanna river. Steam from the locomotive works is used when there is not water enough to run the mill. This mill cuts 3,000,000 feet of lum- ber per annum. The company uses twice that amount at this place. E. M. Peck has charge of the lumber de- partment of the company. The Hollenback mill was built in 1850, on the hill near Highland avenue. Dilton Yarrington took charge of the mill April 7th, 185 1. The mill burned in 1862, and was rebuilt at once. Mr. Yar- rington afterward bought the mill, and it was run by D. Yarrington & Son. It was burned in 1876. The marble business was first started in Carbondaleby Lewis Morton, in 1849. His yard was in the rear of Pascoe & Scurry's store. He sold his business to Wil liam H. Richmond and A. L. Hunt in 185 1, who con- tinued in business together until 1857, when Mr. Hunt bought out Mr, Richmond and removed the business to the present place, on Salem street, where he has been in business ever since. C. P. Jadwin started in the business, in a small way, in 1859, and soon sold to H. B. Jadwin, who only kept up the business about three months. Richard Howarth & Brothers began brewing about 1840, in a building which stood on the site of the resi- dence of John Nealon, on Church street. They were burned out in 1849, and bought a carpenter shop of An- gus Cameron, farther up the street, and turned it into a brewery. The place was idle about six months, and was then sold to John Nealon, who began brewing in April, 1859. He has made several additions to the buildings. The brewery was employed in making ale until 1877, since which time only lager beer has been brewed. The works have a capacity of 150 barrels per week. About half the malt is made here. There was a brewery on Main and Eighth streets from 1837 to 1841, carried on by Mr. Birdsall. Schools. In 1831, and for some years after, there were no side- walks and but two streets in the place. But in this year we find two new school buildings erected between the sites of the Presbyterian and Methodist churches. They contained one room each. Their teachers were Messrs. Evarts and B. G. Root. In 1837 a third school, for advanced pupils, was located on the lot where the English Baptist church now stands. It was the first school of a graded character in the place, and its teacher was S. S. Benedict. After quitting the profession of teacher he assumed that of editor, in which business he has been ever since successfully engaged. Successively he filled the offices of justice of the peace, member of the Legislature, select council, notary public and school director, the latter from 1848 to 1854 and from i860 to 1880. The services he rendered to the cause of education during those years can hardly be overestimated. Some of his former pupils are as fol- lows: Thomas Dickson, president of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company; J. N. Wilson, M. D.; John S. Law, president of the Miners' Bank, Wilkes-Barre; David G. Smith, machinist and patentee; Edward Jones, coal operator; O. H. Jadwin, wholesale druggist. New York; S. E. Raynor, teller in the Miners' and Me- chanics' Bank; Edward and Alexander Hodgdon; Henry L. Marvin, John S. Farnham, Charles and George McAlpine and Richard Antony. In 1837 we find Amzi Wilson, J. W. Burnham and Bonaparte Baker acting as school directors. A fourth school was organized in 1838, having John Walsh for teacher. Mr. Walsh enjoyed the reputation of being an excellent teacher, being specially strong as a matlie- matician. In 1840 another school was added to the Hh <^ ^:h I 444 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. number. From this date to 1851 the teachers were as follows: A. M. Jeffords, John K. Fordham, Phillips Wilson, Miss Adams, Miss B. Harvey, Miss M. Smith, Miss Eliza G res vener, Jeremiah O'Mara, Miss Bussel, Miss Dart, Miss Mary Vannan, Miss Harriet Jackson, P. C. Grit- man, H. C. Ensign, Miss E. Hubbard, George Perkins, Martin Canavan, Miss Flynt, Miss Meaohim, Miss Sarah M. Shafer, Miss Mary Farrer, Alon- zo Richardson and John Kelly. Mr. Kelly has taught from 1849 to the present, except- ing a term of service, during the Rebellion, in the United States navy. During the period of ten years just men- tioned the prominent school officers were Nathan Jack- son, Patrick Mofifitt, R. W. Graves, H. P. Ensign, John R. Fordham, S. S. Benedict, Anthony Miles, Daniel Scurry and William Brennan. From 1850 to 1860 the number of schools increased to seven, the principal teachers of which were Bernard McTighe, Henry B. Jadwin, jr., P. J. White, Paulinus A. Lewis, C. C. Jadwin, John Joseph Purtell, Alfred Dart, jr., Martin J. Byrne and L. E, Judd. The first two were elected directors in 1858. Mr. McTighe served until 1874, and Mr. Jadwin until 1869. Another director worthy of notice was Honorable Lev/is Pughe, now a prominent merchant of Scranton. In i860 a graded building was erected in the second ward, on Salem street. The schools of the building were divided into four departments: Primary, intermediate! grammar and high. The first principal was A. J. Wells. The grades and classifications made by him have been closely adhered to by his successors. Among the princi- pals of the high school who have achieved success in teaching are W. H. Parsons, H. D. Cable, Charles L. Wheeler, D. G. Allen (superintendent in Wayne county) and Edwin Francis. In addition to the common branches, algebra, geometry, bookkeeping, philosophy, rhetoric and Latin have been taught in the " high school." Down to 1869 air the other schools remained ungraded. Each room was about 30 feet long and 24 feet wide, with a height of 8 feet from floor to ceiling. Around the walls, supported on standards, projected pine boards covered with hieroglyphics of successive generations of whittlers. The pupils sat facing the wall. The main floor was covered with rows of long benches, many of which were without back-rests. From Soto 120 pupils, in all stages of mental progress from the alphabet to geometry were in attendance. The class for recitations stood in a line, closing up the passage which led to the door, and the seats vacated by one class were made to serve the class which preceded in recitation. In this way the teacher managed to accommodate a greater number of pupils than there were seats. A terrestrial globe, a set of outline maps and alphabetical cards were provided for each school before the close of this period. Text books were becoming uniform throughout the district. The teacher's institute had become instructive and entertain- ing, and a decided improvement in school clas.sification was apparent. In 1869 a one-story frame building was erected on Main street, in the fourth ward. It contained two rooms. This was enlarged in 1876 by an additional story in height, and now contains four rooms, three of which are well furnished. In 1870 a school-room was completed in the fourth ward, on Brooklyn street. The vestibule, though illy adapted to the purpose, has been used ever since as a school-room. In 1871 a primary school build- ing was erected on Cemetery street, in the first ward> which in 1875 was made two stories high, containing four rooms. In 1872 a frame building, two stories high, containing four spacious rooms, was erected on Laurel hill, in the second ward. In 1874 two new school- houses, each two stories in height and having two large rooms were completed on Salem street, in the second ward, and another on Powderly road, in the fourth ward. In 1874 a private school was organized by a few gentlemen who were desirous of giving their sons an academic course. Twelve students attend. In Septem- ber, 1876, Sisters of the Order of the Immaculate Heart founded a convent in the first ward, between Hendrick avenue and Salem street. There are three school rooms in the building, and four Sisters are teaching. Besides the common branches, drawing and music are taught. The average daily attendance of these schools is about 100 pupils. Two private schools of primary grade, with 40 pupils, are taught in the first ward. In September, 1876, a graded course of study for the public schools was adopted. General history, astronomy and drawing were added to the curriculum of the high school. The following classification shows the number of teachers in each department, and the number in attend- ance during the year, according to the school report of 1877. The high school had at the close of the year one male and one female teacher; the average daily attend- ance, was 39. In the grammar department the number of teachers was 3; average daily attendance, 138. Inter- mediate department — teachers, 5; average daily attend- ance, 277. Primary department — teachers, 10; average daily attendance, 637. Total average monthly enrollment of pupils, 1,305; total average daily attendance, 1,091. If to this we add the attendance at private schools, we shall have an average monthly enrolment of 1,482, and an average daily attendance of 1,243. There have been many private schools. The first was taught by Miss Sophia Nobles, over the tailor-shop of Race &Bogardus, in the summer of 1833. She also taught in 1834. John Walsh taught in the Catholic chapel in 1836, and D. Tripp, late from Oxford Academy, taught in 1837. Mrs. J. Hudson, from Long Island, taught a select school for young ladies in 1838. Miss Tuck opened a school for girls and John S.Ward one for boys in 1840. Besides these, schools have been taught by Andrew Leighter, Mrs. Hamilton, J. L. McKim, J. S. Miller and John L. Rich- ardson. P. C. Gritman was the first principal of the Lackawanna Institute, which was kept several years. Mrs. L. A. Munger taught select school during 1870. There are now no private schools. In 1879 there were twenty schools in the district, with an average attendance of 620 pupils. The schools were kept open nine months at an expense of $6,906.78. ^¥ f 4^- JOURNALISM AT CARBONDALE— CEMETERY— FIRES. 445 In 1876 Carbondale city had twenty schools, with a total average attendance of 1,088. The schools were kept open nine months, at an expense of $13,083.17. Maplewood Cemetery — Notable Epidemics. In 1831 the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company deeded a tract of land on the hill above its shops to J. W. Burnham, D. B. Blanchard, Lathrop Burgess, Bona- parte Baker, John Bovven 2nd, and R. E. Marvin, as trustees, for a Protestant cemetery. Subscri])tions were raised to improve the ground. The lots were sold by auction April 27th, 1833. J. W. Burnham was the first superintendent. The first burial was that of William Evans, who died October 29th, 1832, aged 75 years. The grounds have been enlarged three times and are sur- rounded by a strong stone wall. The present trustees are S. S. Benedict, J. B. Van Bergen, A. O. Hanford, Henry Johnson, E. E. Thomas and R. W. Graves. Mr. Graves has been superintendent since 1862. Carbondale has been visited with some severe epi- demics. The spotted fever broke out in the city in the fall of 1863. By the beginning of 1864 it had increased to an epidemic, and continued its ravages until near the end of May. One hundred and one of its victims were buried in the Protestant cemetery, among whom was Rev. T. S. Ward, of, the Presbyterian church. It is not known how many were buried in the Catholic cemetery, but probably fifty or sixty. The Press of Carbondale. The first newspaper published in Carbondale was the Northern Pennsylvanian, which was removed from Dun- daff, Susquehanna county, in 1833. Amzi Wilson was editor and proprietor, and published the paper until De- cember, 1837, when he sold to Willam Bolton, who re- moved the paper to Wilkes-Barre April 24th, 1840. It was a Democratic paper. The Carbondale Journal, a Whig paper, was established in 1838 by James B. Mix. Charles Mead bought it in 1839, and sold to William S. Ward the following year. The paper was discontinued September 2nd, 1841. The Carbondale Gazette, neutral in politics, was estab- lished May 5th, 1842, by Philander S. Joslin, who sold an interest to Francis B. Woodward July 6th, 1843. This partnership continued until November 8th, 1844, when Mr. Joslin sold to Woodward, who changed the title to the County Mirror, and advocated Whig doctrines. This paper was removed to Providence in January, 1846. The Carbondale Democrat was established by P. S. Joslin and Silas S. Benedict, in 1845. The paper was enlarged and the title changed to Lackawanna Citizen and Carbondale Democrat in 1849, by S. S. Benedict, who had had entire control of the paper since April ist, 1846. The title was changed again December 13th, 1850, to the Lackawanna Citizen. P. K. Barger became a partner with Mr Benedict in the summer of 1852. Mr. Bene- dict retired December ist, 1852, when Homer Grenell entered into a partnership with Mr. Barger under the name of P. K. Barger & Co. The publication of this paper was discontinued April ist, 1854. The Lackawanna Journal, a Whig paper, was estab- lished January 20th, 1849, by George M. Reynolds, who took Dewitt C. Kitchen into partnership December 27th, 1850. The title was changed to Carbondale Transcript and Lackawanna Journal, February 25th, 185 1. Mr. Kitchen retired the same year. Mr. Reynolds sold to R. H. Willoughby, May ist, 1857. The title was now changed to the Advance. Dr. Charles E. Burr and G. M. Reynolds purchased the paper October 3d, 1857. They published it until February, 1858, when Reynolds became sole proprietor. He sold to S. S. Benedict in May, 1859. Mr. Benedict changed the title to the Weekly Advance and still continues its publication. About August ist, 1854, J. T. Alleger and'j. B. Adams began the publication of the Carbondale Democrat. This paper was discontinued January ist, 1855. The Democratic Standard and Know Nothing Exposi- tor, by John J. Allen, issued its first number January ist, 1855. The office was burned in the fire of that year, and the paper was never started again. A. W. Cook began the publication of the Carbondale Leader in June, 1872. He sold to M. H. Barber in No- vember, 1877, and he to D. N. Lathrop in October, 1878. Mr. Lathrop still publishes the paper. The Critic was started by A. W. Cook, May ist, 1879, and it is still being published, as an independent journal. During the winter of 1842 and 1843 the publication of the papers was suspended for five weeks, as, owing to the great amount of snow, it was impossible to get paper on which to print. Fires and Fire Companies. The first organization intended as a protection against fire was " Rescue Hook and Ladder Company," formed in 1843. This company did good service at several small fires, and in 1847 was officered as follows: George Love, foreman; John Lewis, assistant foreman. Twenty members were on the roll. The fire of September 28th, 1850, awakened the people to a sense of the importance of a fire organization, and four companies were organized, known as Neptune, No. i; Eagle, No. 2; Rescue, No. 3, and Good Will, No. 4. Each company was provided with a small engine of little value, built at the Delaware and Hudson shops. Decem- ber 3d, 1852, James Ruthven was elected chief engineer of the fire department. These companies continued to practice for some time, but not receiving proper support from the city authorities they disbanded. Neptune led the way by resigning on June 28th, 1854. A fire broke out in W. W. Bronson's hotel September i6th, 1855, which destroyed the hotel and several other buildings. The property owners of the second ward, aroused to a sense of their insecurity, assessed themselves for the support of Eagle Engine Company, No. 2, and formed it into a hook and ladder and bucket company. All the engines were returned to the Delaware and Hud- son company. The city authorities now took the matter in hand, and purchased an engine of the " Button's Piano" pattern, which arrived July 10th, 1855. *^^ =K^ ^h 446 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. Columbia Fire Company, No. 5, was formed about this time, with ninety-six men on the roll. The officers were: David Pendergrast, foreman; Richard Howarth, first as- sistant foreman; Charles B. Campbell, second assistant foreman. This is the only fire company in the city, and it has done good work since its formation. It is only called upon to use its engine when the fire is beyond the reach of the hydrants. These hydrants, distributed through the greater part of the first, second and third wards, have sulificient head to throw water over any build- ing that can be reached with hose. Columbia has about forty members now, and is officered as follows: John B. Collins, foreman; Joseph Jenkins, first assistant foreman; George Davis, second assistant foreman. April 10th, 1859, a fire broke out in the office of Alfred Dart, which burned the Harrison House, together with several stores and offices on the west side of Main street, between Salem street and the parade ground. Another fire occurred September 15th, 1866, which destroyed buildings on the east side of Main street, from Dundaff street down, to the value of $50,000. March 2gth, 1867, the entire business portion of the city below the city hall was burned, the flames destroying forty stores and shops, and leaving sixty families homeless. The entire loss was $200,000, with an insurance of $100,000. Municipal Government. A charter was drawn by Hon. Lewis Jones, and by an act of the Assembly approved March 15th, 1851, Car- bondale became a city,with four wards. The first election was held March 21st, 1851, and resulted in the election of the following city officers: Mayor, James Archbald : select council — Joseph Benjamin, Peter Campbell, Thomas Gillespie and Michael Flynn; common council- Thomas Sweet, Daniel Scurry, William Ball, Patrick Moilitt, James Clark- son.W.W. Bronson, Edward Jones, Alexander Bryden, Hichard Howartb, Terence Powderly, Patrick Connor and Daniel Thatcher; prosecuting attorney, George W. Perkins; clerk of the mayor's court, William Brennan; treasnrer, Lewis Pughe; assessor, Philip Wilson; auditors- William H. Kichmond, James Stott and Thomas Voyle ; poor masters- John Campbell and John lee; alderman fourth ward, Patrick Farrcll. The justices of the peace holding commissions in Car- bondale township and living in the city were empowered to act as aldermen until the expiration of their commis- sions. The oath of office was administered to the mayor clerk of court and prosecuting attorney March 26th, 1851, at theM. E. church, by Hon. William Jessup, presi- dent judge of the judicial district. The select council organized by choosing Peter Campbell as president and Michael Flynn as clerk. The common council chose James Clarkson chairman and William Ball secretary. The first ordinance passed related to the granting of licenses. By the provisions of the charter the city had its own court, which was styled the recorder's court and presided over by the president judge of the judicial dis- trict sitting as recorder, assisted by the mayor and such of the aldermen as might be present. This court had concurrent jurisdiction with the county courts, except in oyer and terminer cases and in cases belonging to the orphan's court. Its jurisdiction extended at times over Fell, Carbondale, Blakely and Greenfield townships. The first session of the mayor's court was held in the M. E. church. May 13th, 1851, Judge Jessup presiding. No business was done at this term, except to provide for the drawing of juries. A grand jury was impaneled for the term beginning September 8tb, 1851, of which Judson W. Burnham was foreman. Courts were held in the M. E. church until 1852. A room at the Carbondale House, Jonathan Gore proprietor, was used as a jury room. A wooden court-house was erected at a cost of $3,000, which was burned February 14th, 1869, by a fire originating in the cell of Owen Coleman, committed for drunkenness. He was burned with the building. The present brick build- ing was put up at once. By the operation of the constitution of 1873 the mayor's court was abolished December 31st, 1875, since which time the city hall has been a useless structure. The effects of the change have been disastrous to the city. The principal city officers have been as follows: Recrrnlers.—By virtue of their office of judge : William Jessup, May 12th to December 8th, 1851; J. N. Conyngham to December 15th, 1868; Henry M. Hoyt (acted as), December, 18C7; E. L. Dana, to September 13th, 1870. (Elected for terms of one year) : D. N. Lathrop, 1870; Alfred Dart, 1873 ; I. D. Richards, 1873, who died in office, and Alfred Dart was appointed to fill the vacancy, and elected in 1874. District Attorncjjs.—QeoTge W. Perkins, 1851-59; P. C. Gritman, 1857-69, 1863-65, 1880-71; D. N. Lathrop, 1863-65; I. D. Richards, 1885-69; Alfred Dart, 1871-73; George H. Squier, 1873 to December 31st, 3875. Clerlis of the Mayor's C!ourt.— William Brennan, 1851; Bernard McTighe, 1834-63; John E. Browne, 1863; George H. Squier, 18G7; M. G. Neary, 1870 to December 31st, 1875. Jfavoi-s.- James Archbald, 1851-35; Edward Jifkins, 1855; Gideon Fro- thlngham, 1856; John M. Poor, 1857-fll; Canfleld Harris, 1861; Anthony Grady, 1803-65; William Brennan, 1803; John M. Poor, 1866; Thomas Voule, 1807, 1808; J. B. Van Bergen, 1867-73; Thomas Voule, 1873; William Morrison, 1874; John Nealon, 1875, 1876; Joseph Birkett, 1877; L. Marshall, 1878; William Brennan, 1879. AhUi-men.—Fivst ward: Lewis Pughe, 1853, 1857; Charles Burr, 1859, 1804; J. N. Wilson, 1869; John Stuart, 1809, 1875. Second Ward : William Root, 1834, 18.59, 1864 ; Bartholomew Morrison, 1809 ; Jesse G. Thompson, 1873, 1878. Third Ward: Bartholomew Morrison, 1854 ; John Kelley, 1859 ; Amzi Wilson, 1803 ; Dennis Graham, 1867; Jules F. Kinback, 1873, 1877. Fourth Ward: Patrick Farrell, 1851 ; Amzi Wilson, 1867; Patrick Boy- Ian, 1875. The Great Flood. The great flood, which occurred on the night of July 19th, 1850, was caused by the breaking of a dam on Rackett brook, a mile above the village. The water swept everything before it, and damaged property to the extent of $100,000. John Aitkin, jr., John Hewitson, James Dickson, Lewis Pughe, The Union Foundry and the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company were the principal sufferers Two sons of William Davis were drowned. The flooding of the mines caused a serious delay in mining, as the water was not pumped out suffi- ciently to enable work to be resumed before November iSth, 1850. The Water and Gas Supply. The Crystal Lake Water Company was formed in 1858, and began to furnish water in July, 1859. The reservoir is about a mile from the center of the town, on Rackett brook. The main pipes run down Main and Church ^^= 4¥ THOMAS R. LATHROPE. There are many persons who occupy prominent positions in society, who amass wealth and secure an honorable name among their fellows, and yet whose lives are unmarked hy any tmusual features. They grow up in a community, spend their lives in the same locality, and through a modest, retiring disposition fail to attract the notice of those who regard the sensational in man's career as the highest development of true genius. This is especially true of the subject of the following sketch, and what may he said of him may be said of the great majority of the solid men of the country. They constitute the mass of enter- prising business men, endowed with natural abilities of a high order, men of stability of character, intelligent, free-hearted, generous, and worthy of all praise. Thomas R. Lathrope was bom in Carbondale, September 9th, 1842. His father, Hon. D. N. Lathrope, and his grandfather, Salmon Lathrope, were among the most prominent citizens of the place, the latter having been the first to bring his family to the infant town, as far back as March, 1827, and remaining a resident until his death, in November, 1868, at the ripe age of eighty-eight years. The earlier years of the sub- ject of this sketch were not marked by any peculiar circumstances; In- deed, his whole life has been one which befitted the natural quiet and modesty of his disposition. In youth he developed a marked taste for rural life, and for some years his time in the summer was devoted to work on his father's farm in Scott township, where his love for the usual farm work had fuU play. Though not a collegian, his education was not neglected. He attended the home district and select schools; spent some time In school at Soranton, and went through a full course at the institute of Bev. Alonzo Hack, A. M., at Claverack, N. T. Not having a taste for either of the professions, he deoUned to pursue a college course. He had also the advantage of a home education, which in a large degree supplemented that of the schools, and which amply fitted him for the business he intended to engage in, and for occupying a fair position among his fellow men. His ideas of business were emi- nently practical, and he was early and easily taught that an active, laborious life was honorable, and hence he did not shrink from many tasks which young men are apt to think degrading. For a time he sup- plied newspapers and periodicals to the town people, and in various ways made himself self-supporting. In 1861 his father was appointed postmaster at Carbondale, and he became a post-ofiice clerk, which oc- cupation he continued until the resignation of his father in 1864, about which time Ihe succeeded to the insurance agency business of the late John Gore, which he has continued in a much enlarged sphere up to the present day. During the war of the EebeUionhis patriotism was marked by his enlistment in a company of " emergency men," caUed out by the gov- ernor of Pennsylvania in 1863 to defend the State from the invasion of its territory by the rebel hordes under General Lee, and he spent several weeks at the front in discharge of military duty. Previous to this time, when the second call of troops was made to serve nine months, and when he was about twenty years of age, he visited Harrisburg in company with several of the youths of his own age and younger, determined to enlist in the service, but was rejected because he did not have the approval of his parents in writing. The little com- pany had confidently expected to be accepted and the refusal was a great disappointment to them. They had neglected to provide themselves with funds to return home and were consequently put to great straits to accomplish this feat. Our hero was the only one who had any means — about $10— and it was determined to foot it and take their chances along the tow-path of the Pennsylvania canal. The $10 was laid aside for pro- visions on the way, and the little party started on their journey. They occasionally caught a ride on the empty coal boats, and thus, weary and foot-sore, they arrived in due time at Pittston, the northern termi- nus of the canal, whence by " Walker's line " and the coal cars on the Delaware and Hudson railroad, they made their way home. In the conduct of his business he has been systematic and prudent, though the accumulation of wealth has not in any degree stunted the natural generosity of his disposition, and there are many of his fellow townsmen of the poorer class who can testify to this fact. At an early age and for several years he was a director of the First National Bank of Carbondale, and in 1872, in company with a few other capitalists, be aided in establishing the Miners' and Mechanics' Savings Bank, of which he is now a director and was the first cashier. Under the teachings of a devotedly pious mother his religious impres- sions found rapid development, and in early life he united with the Presbyterian church, of which he is a member. Tn politics, from edu- cation and conviction, he has acted with the Republican party, with the exception of the campaign of 1873, when with a large number of other Republicans he supported Horace Greeley. His great admiration for the veteran editor, of whose journal he had been a constant reader for many years, as well as his conviction that the Republican party was being controlled by unscrupulous leaders, led him to take this course ; but he at no time abandoned the great principles of the party, and with this exception he has uniformly supported its regularly nominated can- didates. Although much interested in political questions he has never been a seeker of ofBce. In 1872 he was nominated by acclamation in a citizens' caucus for school director, but declined to run. In 1876 at the city election he was prevailed upon to become a candidate for the offloo of city auditor, and though his election was contested by an estimable citizen he was elected by a large majority ; and when, in 1878, at the for- mation of Lackawanna county, he was nominated for recorder of deeds, it was entirely the work of his friends and without solicitation on his part. At this election his popularity was shown by his receiving a vote considerably in excess of some others on the same ticket, particularly in his own town and vicinity. The opposition was divided in its support of candidates, and his plurality over the highest competitor was over 1,600 votes. But though thus triumphantly elected he failed to secure his office, owing to a decision of the supreme court, which rendered the election null and void. In the following year he was renominated for the same ofSee, and his popularity was thoroughly' tested; for, although the opposition were now united on his competitor, Mr. John Kelley, an estimable citizen of the same town, his majority was nearly 4 , D« LEWIS VAN SICKLE, WAVERUY, LACKAWANNA COUNTY, PA. 4 JESIDCNCE of L .VAN.SICKLE:,M. P., WAVERLY, LACKAWANNA CO.,PA. =tt=^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, ARCHBALD BOROUGH AND SCOTT TOWNSHIP. WILLIAM BISHOP. William Bishop came from Prussia to Archbald in 1849, bringing with him his two children. He worked as a miner. His eldest son, George, became a partner in the hardware house of Foyne & Co. in 1868, "and Justus, the youngest son, was in 1869 admitted to the firin,_ which took the name of Bishop Bros., Mr. Foyne retiring. George now resides in Carbondale, where tlie firm carry on a branch of their business; while Justus, who married Doretha Niemeyer, of Archbald, has charge of the firm's affairs there. A view of the neat brick store erected by them in 1875 appears on another page. ALVER AND JAMES M. EATON. Alver Eaton was born in AVendall, New Hampshire, and married Euphemia Simpson, of Carbondale, in January, 1847. She died in 1858, leaving five children, three of whom now reside in the place. Mr. Eaton was again married in i860, to a lady who survives him but is a resident of another county. The subject of this sketch was an active, energetic business man, of fine social qualities, and took an active part in developing local interests, leaving an impress on society that will be long felt. His death, which occurred May 24th, 1874, was regretted by a large circle of friends. His eldest son, George W., residing on the old homestead, is the outside superintendent of the Pierce Coal Company. James M. Eaton, a brother of Alver Eaton, was born in Montrose, and came to Archbald about 1858 as inside foreman at the Eaton colliery, which position he still holds. He married Mary Vannan, a native of Scotland, and has seven children living : James V., a locomotive engineer at the Pierce colliery ; John, a track foreman for the same company ; Thomas V., an engineer at the Eaton colliery ; Mary, now Mrs. William Klus ; Alzina, Maggie and Charles, residing with their parents. JOHN FOOTE, M. D. John Foote, M. D., a native of Ireland, read for his profession with Drs. Floyd and Asa Blakeslee, and grad- uated at the Yale medical school in the class of 1857, since which year he has been practicing at Archbald, and has had a large experience as consulting surgeon. He married (September 22nd, 1867,) Margaret Ann .Mc- Andrew, of Archbald, and has four children. Dr. Foote is an earnest friend of popular education, is the president of the Archbald Institute and Free Library and a direct- or of the Archbald Water Company. THE KEARNEY FAMILY. Hon. Patrick Kearney came to Carbondale in 1830 from County Mayo, Irelapd. For many years he was a railroad contractor, building roads for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, Morris and Essex Railroad Company, in Philadelphia on the Chestnut Hill extension and else- where. In 1846 he removed to Archbald, then known as White Oak Run, and was one of the pioneers of that bor- ough. He served as one of the board of charities of the Blakely poor district for a number of years, and was ap- pointetl associate judge of the Carbondale district court by Governor Hartranft. On the expiration of his term he was elected to the same position by the popular vote, and held a seat on the bench until the court was abolished by the workings of the new constitution. Judge Kearney married Mary Moyles, of Carbondale, and has had twelve children, six of whom are living. The subject of this sketch has for many years been prominent in re- ligious and social interests, and has left the impress of a well balanced mind and superior executive ability on whatever he bec.ime identified with. Patrick Kearney came to America in 1840, and settled in Archbald in 1845, marrying Mary O'Boyle. He has had nine children, seven of whom are living, viz.: John J., the eldest, now serving a second term as school di- rector; Michael J., who married a daughter of Thomas Healy; Bridget, now Mrs. Heffers, of Olyphant; Patrick, a teacher in the Archbald school, and three younger children living at home; Francis, a theological student at a Catholic college, died at Wilkes-Barre on his return from a vacation. Wilson H. Kearney is one of Archbald's best known merchants, a prominent member of the Archbald Water Company and one of its directors, and an active and widely known politician. He is a son of Hon. Patrick Kearney, and succeeded Patrick Moyles in business, which he conducts at the old stand of Snyder & Co. GEORGE SIMPSON. George Simpson came from Carbondale, Pa., in 1858. He commenced business at Archbald as a member of the firm of Eaton & Co., and was one of their successors, the present firm of Jones, Simpson & Co. He is an active, public spirited man, and takes a lively interest in the welfare of the place of his adoption. He is one of the principal owners of the Scranton and Carbondale Turn- pike, and one of the firm of G. & A. Simpson, who own the Crystal lake property illustrated on another page. JAMES J. WILLIAMS. James J. Williams was born in Carbondale, Pa., and married a Miss Simpson of that place. In 1864 he re- moved to Archbald, and became a partner in the firm of Eaton & Co., and on its dissolution in 1874 remained as partner in the mercantile department of Jones, Simp- son & Co. He was one of the founders and the first president of the Archbald Water Company, and is a di- rector in the school board. His father, Joseph Williams, came from Connecticut to Carbondale in 1835, and died at Wilkes-Barre in 1S50, leaving five children: Asa, who was killed at the battle of Mission Ridge; Charles, living in Danville, 111.; two daughters, one the widow of George Van Law, the other the wife of Simeon Haven, both of Danville, Pa.; and the subject of this sketch, whose portrait appears on another page. John T. Akerley, farmer, was born in Providence, Lackawanna county, April 14th, 1834, and married Phebe Brown, of Greenfield. Justus Aicerley, farmer, was born in Ulster county, N. Y., September 5th, 1810, and came to Scott in No- vember, 1835. He married Eliza Johnson, of Providence. He has held many township offices, and was for three years a member of the Abington rifle corps. Nelson Akerley, farmer, was born in Scott, October 17th, 1835, and married Annie Tinklepaugh, of Pittston. During a portion of the Rebellion he was in the United States army. He has served as school director. John Beck came from Germany in 1857, married Eliza Shaffer and has four children. He is a trustee in 464. A =4" i^ 464 B HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. the German Evangelical church. He has charge of the car shop at the White Oak colliery. Adam Behle came from Hesse Darmstadt to Amer- ica, embarking on the 9th of May, 1852, and landing in New York July 2nd of that year. He spent a year and a half in Haverstraw, Clarkstovvn and Springville, work- ing as a farmer, and came to Archbald in 1854. He was born in 1817, married Elizabeth Kellen, and brought Iwo children to this country — Philip, born in 1843, and Eliza- beth, born in 1838. Philip married Mary Kiesler, of Car- bondale, who was born in 1844, and has five children. Patrick Boland, a native of Carbondale, came here in 1847. He was married May 31st, 1863, to Nancy Mul- hoUand. He has been one of the Blakely township school directors, and was president of the board when the Archbald school building was erected. Jerome Brixton, farmer, was born in Scott, June 6th, 1844, and married Frances E. Hall, of Abington. His father was Jeremiah Britton. Anthony Broderick came to America from Ireland in 1850, settling in Archbald, where he worked as a miner for eleven years, opening a liquor store in 1861. He was two years a supervisor of Blakely township, tax collector seven years, and is now a school director. He married Sarah Malven, of Archbald, in 1865, and has eight children. Charles Carpenter was born in Abington (now Scott), August 20th, 1817, and married Mary Johnson, of New Jersey. He is a farmer, and was for a time a mem- ber of the Abington rifle corps. D. H. Carpenter, farmer, was born in Greenfield (now Scott), January 17th, 1820, and married Lydia Hier- lihy, of Rhode Island. He served in the Abington rifle corps seven years. John Carroll, born in Ireland, came to Archbald in 1846 with his parents. He married Helen Marley. He was first president of the Father Matthew society, and has been justice of the peace since 1878. H. E. Church, a descendant of Captain Church, the Indian fighter, of Rhode Island, was born in Hopkinton, R. I., June 27th, 1826, and came to Greenfield (now Scott) in December, 1828. He married Susan Weatherby, of Greenfield, and has been a lifelong farmer. He was second lieutenant in the Scott artillery. William N. Decker, farmer, was born in Pittston, Pa., April loth, 1824, and married Catharine Scott, of Columbia county, N. Y. He fought in the civil war. Peter Fike, farmer, was born at "Slocum Hollow " (now Scranton), March i8th, 1834, and married Eliza- beth Britton, of Scott. Adam V. Gerbig, station and express agent, came from Germany to America in 1852. His first occupation was that of a teacher of German. He afterward became clerk for John P. Farnham at this place, and on his re- tirement for Peter Walsh; and.when the passenger busi- ness of the Delaware and Hudson gravity road opened was appointed station agent. He married in 1855 a daughter of C. A. Miller, of Archbald, and has eight children. He was one of the board of school directors for 1880. Thomas Gildea, a native of Ireland, has been for several years a borough constable, and is considered an efficient officer. He is married and has two chil- dren. James Gilgallon, born in Ireland, settled here in 1847. He married Bridget Marley in October, 1850, and has had nine children, six of whom are living. His son Michael, born in November, i86r, was killed by a railroad train while attempting to cross the track at Archbald, April 21st, 1880. Mr. Gilgallon has followed teaming for twenty-six years. Patrick Gilmartin, born in Ross, County Mayo, Ireland, in 1808, was one of the pioneers of the bor- ough of Archbald. In 1836 he emigrated to Maryland. He revisited Ireland the following year and married Ellen Cook, of Ross, in 1838. He returned to America in 1840, becoming a contractor on public works, and in the pursuit of his business settled in Archbald in 1845, erecting the first house built on the east side of the Lackawanna river, which is still the residence of his widow and her sons. Mr. Gilmartin was killed by a volley fired by a marshal's posse during a draft riot on the i8th of October, 1862, while passing from his house to his store. He was a merchant from 1850 up to the time of his death. He left four sons and two daughters. Michael Gilrov, a native of Ireland, came from Canada in 1840 and to Archbald in 1845, in the employ of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. He has worked for the Eaton colliery twenty years. He has served as school director and was the Republican candi- date for county commissioner one year, when he tied his opponent's vote, though the average opposition majority in the county was over 1,500. He married Bridget Kin- ney, of Archbald, and has seven children. Thomas F. Gilroy, a son of Michael Gilroy, born January 3d, 1857, has been a public school teacher since 1872. He was educated at Wyoming Seminary, has taught two years in Archbald, and since 1876 had charge of a school in Winton. Albert Graves, farmer, and for fifteen years justice of the peace, was born in Greenfield, May i6th, 1825, and married Margaret Miller, of Greenfield. Richard Graves, sen., was orderly sergeant aud lieu- tenant of the " Greenfield Greens," and has filled several township officers. He was born at John.ston, R. I., May 2Sth, 1801; came to Greenfield (now Scott) in 1819, and married Almira Tompkins, of Scituate, R. I. A. U. Gritman, farmer, was born December 27th, 1836, in Greenfield (now Scotl), where his father, Samuel Gritman, settled about 1832 or 1833, and married Ade- laide Clark, of Orange county, N. Y. George H. Gritman, farmer, was born in Greenfield (now Scott), March 3[st, 1838, and married Mary E. Marvin, of Union township. Jerome Grosvenor, farmer and lumberman, was born in Greenfield (now Scott), March iSth, 1823, and married Lauretta Gritman, of Roxbury, N. Y. His father came to the township in 1868 or 1869. For seven years Mr. Grosvenor was a member of the Benton rifle company. James Hennican came to Carbondale from Ireland about 1838; married Sarah Swift in 1S43, a'ld 'lad ten children, only four of whom are living. James H. Hen- nigan, one of his sons, lives in Archbald. He was for- merly a shoemaker; is now the proprietor of a restaurant. William B. Hierlihy, farmer, lumber and cider manu- facturer and route agent in the United States postal ser- vice, was born in Abington, May 7th, 1826, and has been justice of the peace and held other township offices and was the first Luzerne county jury commissioner. He married Catharine G. Decker, of Abington township. His father, William Hierlihy came to Scott in 1816 and died January 28th, 1875, aged nearly 79. N. B. Hills, who has filled several township offices, was born in Coventry, R. I., Januarv 30111, 1821, and married Harriet F. Harrington, of Burrelsville, R. I. He came to Scott in 1857 and is a farmer. Sumner Hubbard, farmer, formerly manufacturer, was born in Ringe, N. H., November 10th, 1808, and married Harriet Barker, of Acton, Mafs. Hon. Nathan Jackson, M. D., was born in New London, Conn., December 8th, 1804, and married Rachel Stone Hart, of Massachusetts. Dr. Jackson came to -t^*i> T GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 464 C Scott in 1823 and w.is elected a member of the Legisla- ture of Pennsylvania in 1847. B. F. Johnson, farmer, vvas born in Scott, June 8th, 1835, and married. Emma R. Stanton, of Abington. He served six months in the army of the north during the Rebellion. James Johnson enlisted in the fall of 1861 and was killed at Fort Wagner July nth, 1863. George VV. Johnson enlisted in the winter of 1863, and died April 5th, 1864. David H. Jones, born in Aburysdith, Wales, in 1842, has worked in mines since childhood. He came to Scranton, Pa., in 1SC3, and worked in the Von Storch shaft until 1S78, when he accepted the position of mine foreman for the Pierce Coal Company at this place. He married (July 3d, 1864) Ann Elizabeth Roberts, of Dan- ville, Pa., and has three children living. He has made a specialty of mining and mine engineering. Hugh Jones, a native of Ayrshire, Scotland, came in 1866 to Pittston, removing to Olyphant two years later to work in the Delaware and Hudson mines. There he worked until 1876, when he was appointed inside fore- man of the White Oak colliery. He married in 1869 Margaret Pettigrew, of Olyphant, and has three children. Richard Jordan came from Ireland to America in 1847, and settled here. He has eight children, of whom James J., born in 1852, is residing with his parents and is a headman on the gravity road. The latter has been president of the Archbald school board and his father laorough treasurer since 1878. G. M. Kennedy, farmer, was born in Abington, March 20th, 1836, and married S. L. Smith, of that township. Anthony Kinback came from Germany to Carbon- dale in T851, and to Archbald in 1858. He married Catharine Ulmar and has six children, having lost four. Charles Edward, born September 23d, 186 r, died April Sth, 1864. Louisa Regina, born March 4th, 1S63, died April 20th, 1866. Mary Magdalina, born September 7th, 1868, died March 9th, r876. Edward, born November 20th, 1870, died March 3d, 1876. Mr. Kinback is an extensive furniture dealer and undertaker. John B. Lack was born in England, in 1836, and came to- America in 1854, settling in Minersville as bookkeeper for Charles Britton, and his successor, William Da Haven, coal operators. He afterwards removed to New York city, where he was engaged in the coal trade ten years. He came to Archbald in 1870, and entered the employ of Jones, Simpson & Co., as confidential clerk. On the erection of the borough government he was elected the first burgess. He is married and has two children. F. A. Lamoreux, lumberman and proprietor of a saw-mill, was born in Monroe, N. Y., November 23d, 1839, and married Corintha A. White of Scott. Thomas Law, mine foreman, was born March 20th, 1847, in Scotland, and came to this country when a child, his parents settling in Dunraore, Pa. His first work in connection with mining was acting as weigh- master for the Pennsylvania Coal Company at Diinmore. Coming to Archbald in i860 he served as weighmaster at the White Oak colliery until 1870, wh;n he was pro- moted to his present- position, that of outside foreman. Mr. Law married (August 17th, 1876) Frances, daugh- ter of A. V. Gerbig, of Archbald, and has two children. He has served as president of the borough council, and has been its secretary since 1877. P. J. Lee, farmer, born in Greenfield, October 14th, 1834, married Ellen McLaughlin, of Carbondale. John M. Leonard, farmer, was born in Scott, Au- gust 2Sth, 185 1, and married Regina Thacher, of Scott. Christopher LiNDE was born in Brunswick, Germany; came to America in 1850, and to Blakely township some years later. He married Catharine Rahbine and has five children living: Minnie, born January loth, 1866; Christopher, born August 23d, 1868 ; Annie, October 29th, 1869 ; Fred, May gth, 1876 ; and Mamie, Novem- ber 27th, 1879. Mr. Linde has since 1868 been proprie- tor of the Archbald House. Wright Lowry was born in Dundaff, Susquehanna county, December i6th, 1838, and married Rebecca S. Jenkins, of Wyoming, Pa., whose grandfather was at the Wyoming massacre. He was one of the Clifford guards. Hon. Martin F. Lynott was born in Archbald, but resided in Scranton from childhood until 1878. He mar- ried Mary, daughter of Hon. Patrick Kearney, and was elec:ed to the State Legislature from the sixth district of Luzerne county in 1876 as the candidate of the "young Democracy " over the regular Democratic nominee. He was only twenty-five years old when he took his seat and had already represented his party as delegate to State conventions in 1874 and 1875. James McGreal, burgess of Archbald since 1877, was born in county Mayo, Ireland, and came to Carbondale in 1857, residing there two years, since which time he has been a resident of Archbald. He was for seven years connected with the machinery department of the gravity road, and is now weighmaster at Jermyn. August nth, 1861, he married Mary Devine, who died November 2Sth, 1873, aged thirty-eight years. Mr. McGreal was a member of the 8th Pa. volunteers in the late civil war. J. McHale, one of the borough councilmen for 1880, is a native of this place and is a son of Thomas McHale, an early settler here. James Mack, a native of Ireland, came from Man- chester, England, to this place in 1862. He married Bridget, daughter of Francis O'Boyle, of county Mayo, Ireland, and has five children: — iVIichael C, born in Ireland, and James P., Francis F., Mary Ann and Bridget born in England. Michael is a miner and James P. a blacksmith in the employ of the White Oak colliery. Francis is a theological student. Charles Mii.haus, a native of Lahr, Baden, Germany, came to America in 1860, and after spending some years in Rochester, N. Y., Scranton and Pittsburg, Pa., came to Archbald in 1867, where he had married the previous year Emma, daughter of A. C Miller. He was a wheelwright in Gerra.iny, but since coming to America has been a carpenter and builder. He has two children. George F. Miller, farmer, born in Scott, September 23d, 1850, married Harriet Ellis, of Pennsylvania. Stephen D. Miller, farmer, was born in Greenfield (now Scott), April 12th, 1830, and married Mary Stan- ton, deceased, of Abington. His present wife was Mar- tha J. Johnson. He served in the Abington volunteer rifle company. His father, Stephen Miller, settled May 5th, 1812, on the farm where Stephen D. now lives. Thomas F. Mcllen, born in Honesdale, Pa., is the youngest son of James Mullen, of Ireland, who settled in Honesdale in 1844. He has been in the employ of the White Oak colliery as blacksmith since 1872, and served on the Archbald police force in 1877. G. L. Newton, farmer and appraiser of mercantile and other license tax of this county, was born in Greenfield, February Sth, 1835, and married Sophronia Isham, of Plainfield, Conn. He has held many township offices. F. J. O'Boyle is a native of Archbald, and has carried on the tin and stove business since 1870. He was mar- ried October 21st, 1874, to Margaret Berry, of Hyde Park, and has one child. William C. Ogden, farmer, has been chosen to many official positions in the township. He was born in Green- field (now Scott), August 18th, 1844, ^^nd married Esther J. Lee, of Greenfield. Anthony O'Hora early settled at Archbald, and •=€ ^- ;>«- ■-f 464 z> HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. -war has for many years been a miner at the White Oak col- liery. He has eight children living. Anthony, jr., the youngest son, works at his father's occupation, and with five others of the children resides with his parents. Henry Ort came from Germany to Carbondale at an early day, and settled in Archbald in 1848, being the first German settler. His first son, Peter, who died in infancy, was the first child of that nationality born in the place. Mr. Ort was a contractor, and in 1854 opened the Union House, which he kept until his death. John Pfoor was born in Germany, coming here when a child. He married Sophia Linderman. He has been in the employ of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company twelve years, and since 1878 has been engineer at plane No. zo on the gravity road. J. Potter, a member of the old Abington rifles, was born in Abington, March 29th, 1820, and came to Scott in 1841. He married Lucy Moredock, of Abington. Albert B. Russell is a farmer, and the present (1880) supervisor of Scott. He was born in Batavia, N. Y., February 27th, 1855, and his grandfather was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. He married Chloe Britton, of Delaware county, N. Y. Warren W. Simrell, farmer and merchant, was born in Greenfield (now Scott), November T3th, 1820, and married Francis C. Decker, of Abington. David F. Smith, farmer, formerly mason and black- smith, was born in Stamford, N. Y., August 24th, 1832, and married Jane E. Riker, of Scranton. He served in the army from December isl, 186^, to February cth, 1866. Elias Snvder, farmer, formerly a lumberman, was born in Dutchess county, N. Y., August i6th, 1808, and came to Scott in 1823. He married Mary Ann Stuart, of Greenfield (now Scott). Mr. Snyder was connected with a military company during the old militia days. Benoni Stone (farmer), son of William Stone, a Revo- lutionary soldier, was born in Coventry, R. I., August iSth, 1788. He was formerly a carpenter and has held several township offices. He married Aurelia Blanchard in 1812. She died March 12th, 1847. May 8th, 1851, he married Catharine M. Miller, his present wife. Earl Stone, farmer and mill proprietor, was born in Coventry, R. L, August ist, 1807, and came to Scott in 1808. He married Fannie Hierlih)', of Rhode Island, who died in 1847. I" October, 1848, he married Rebecca P. Hierlihy. John Sweeny, a native of Ireland, came here in 1849, entering the employ of D. G. Sly, the first blacksmith in the place, whom he succeeded in 1855. He opened a furniture store in 1874. and does a lart-e business. He is the owner of Sweeny's Hotel in Scranton. He married in 1855 Sarah Fallon, of Carbondale, and has six children living. He has occupied official positions for many years, and is a director in the Archbald Water Company. John J. Swift is a son of Thomas Swift, who set- tled here in 1845, and was the first child born in Arch- bald village. He married Sabina Gil-Ballon, and has three children. He is the owner of Swift's Hall, which he erected in 1872 and which is rented for dramatic and lecture purposes. J. T. Swift, son of William Swift, is a miner. He married Mary, daughter of Richard Jordan, who settled here m 1848. He was the treasurer of the Blakely school board when the Archbald building was erected. Patrick J. Swift, a resident of Archbald, is one of the propnelors of the Lackawanna Paint Works in Win- ton borough. He was born in Carbondale; married in June, 1S74, to Kate Collins, of Archbald, and' has four children. He is lax collector for Archbald. Beniue Taylor, farmer, was born in Greenfield (now Scott), September i6th, 1835, and married Lydia Ann Stone, of his neighborhood. Charles C. Taylor, farmer, who has held different town offices, was born in Greenfield (now Scott), April 17th, 1827, and married Lucy A. Stone, of Scott. John M. Taylor, farmer, was born in Scott (then Greenfield), September r4th, 1822, and has held several township offices. His grandfather, Reuben Taylor, was a soldier in the war for independence. Silas A. Taylor, farmer, formerly a member of the "Greenfield Greens," was born in Scott, October 31st, 1818, and married Louisa Carpenter, cf Abington. Reuben W. Taylor, farmer, justice of the peace and tax collector, was born in Greenfield, April ist, 1842, and married Elizabeth Wheeler, of Greenfield. Theodore O. Taylor served in the Union army dur- ing the Rebellion. He is a great grandson of Captain Taylor, and was born in Scott, October 7th, 1844. He married Caroline H.Stone. David S. Vail is a son of Wilmot Vail (who was born in Orange county, N. Y., in r789, came to Scott in 1813 and died in 1866), and was born in Orange county, N. Y., March 24th, 1811. He was formerly a farmer and lum- berman and is now a farmer. He married Elizabeth Snyder, of Greenfield. Mic ah Vail, farmer, was born in Greenfield (now Scott), October 15th, 1832, and married Caroline A. Hubbard. M. J. Walsh, miner, was born in Carbondale, and came to Archbald in i860. He was the first chief of police in the borough, and is one of the school directors. Everett L.WETHERBY,farmer and mason, bcrn in Scott, October 5th, 1852, married Caroline Obest, ol Pittston. J. M. Wetherby, farmer, was born in Abington (now Scott), April 28th, 1816, and married Huldah Phillips, of Abington. He was formerly a member of the " Green- field Greens." His father, Levi Wetherby, was a settler in Scott as early as 1804. Henry White, who has filled several official positions in Scott, was born in Roxbury, Delaware county, N. Y., April 3d, 1821; came to Scott in 1827 and married E. P. Mills, of Patterson, N. Y. James H. White, son of Manin White, was born in Carbondale, July 22nd, 1844, and came to Archbald in 1858. He married Catharine Dcvine, of Carbondale, and has four children. He has been a teacher at Arch- bald since 1877, and school director two terms. Patrick White, miner, came to America from Ire- land in 1830, and settled in Archbald in 1S47. He mar- ried Sarah Gilgallon, of New York, and died in 1877 leaving five children. James T., his son, who married Bridget Dugan in 1S68, was the first tax collector of the borough, and is president of the Father Matthew society Patrick J. White, born and educated in Ireland, cnme to America in 1S50, settling in Carbondale. He was a commercial traveler four years, and since that time has been a teacher m the public schools, having been prin- cipal of the Archbald schools since 1868. He was for- merly an active politician, taking a livelv interest in the affairs of old Luzerne county. John W'hyte, mine foreman, was born in Dumfries- sliire, Scotland. Coming to America in 1869, he settled in Ransom township, removing to this place in 1870, where he was married in May, 1S72, to Sarah Willis. He lias three children. He was weightmaster at the Eaton colliery until 1878, when he was apnointed outside fore- man, which position he now filLs. Elizabeth Woodward was born in Hanover Pa April 27th, 1801, and married Eiam Woodward of \Vayne ITV,' ?""• ?',''' '■"''^" "'"^ William Max'cey, where Mr Woodward located when he came to the township and IS a granddaughter of Martha Marcy ' 4^ *T^= -^^ CHURCHES OF ARCHBALD— BLAKELY BOROUGH. 465 H^ and Lewis S. Watres were ordained ruling elders. Rev. Charles Dewitt Tappan was the pastor for two years from October ist, 1840; then Rev. J. Bartow about two years, after which the church was destitute of a regular supply until October, 1852, when it was disbanded and letters granted to such as wished to unite with a new or- ganization then forming at Archbald. Five accepted such letters, four new members were received on profes- sion, and the following Sabbath these nine were consti- tuted the Presbyterian Church of Archbald. Rensselaer Ottman and John M. Snedecor were ordained ruling elders. From November, 1853, Rev. H. Herrick was stated supply till 1855. Then there seems no record of any regular church meetings until 1865. In December of that year Rev. B. S. Foster commenced preaching to the church, and April isth, 1866, a reorganization was effected. Andrew C. Wise and Ambrose Brundage were chosen ruling elders, and ten new members were ad- mitted. The church now owns a plain edifice in Arch- bald, and has a branch organization at Olyphant with a neat chapel. Church of Si. Thomas Aquinas. — The Catholic church of Archbald was founded by the efforts of Rev. Father Prendergast, of Carbondale, and a frame building erect- ed m 1847, which was enlarged and improved under the ministry of Father McSwiggan, the first resident pastor. In 1870 Rev. John Loughran, who succeeded Father Mc- Swiggan, procured pledges of monthly contributions for building a larger church. In 1873 the corner stone was laid by Bishop O'Hara. Eaton & Co. were the contract- ors, and the architect was A. F. Amsden, of Philadel- phia; the cost was $58,000. A fine view of the exterior, to be found on another page, will give the reader a better idea of the architectural elegance of the church than any mere pen picture. The decoration of the interior was intrusted to two Italian artists. M. Costiggini, to whose pencil is due the beautiful altar piece and lifelike panel pictures, is the successor of the famous Brumidi in com- pleting the paintings in the great dome of the Capitol building at Washington. During the pastorate of Rev. N. J. McManus, in 1878, the debt on the building amounted to some $8,000, with arrears of interest. The creditors demanded their dues. The congregation united in a request to the Delaware and Hudson Canal Com- pany for the privilege of working an extra week (they then working only half time), to save their beautiful church from ruin, a request which was promptly granted; and for a week every man and boy worked faithfully in the mines and at the breakers. "Voluntary contributions swelled the total of that week's work to $7,500, and en- abled the pastor to cancel the b'alance of the indebted- ness at an early date. The edifice was completed in 187s, and in August of that year was solemnly blessed and occupied for the first time. The pastor and congre- gation acknowledge their indebtedness for repeated acts of liberality to Messrs. Eaton, Jones & Simpson, of the Eaton colliery; Filer & Livy, of Winton; Mr. John Jermyn and the officers of the Delaware and Hudson canal Company. Rev. N. J. McManus, the present popular pastor, suc- ceeded Rev. John Loughran in 1875, and by his efforts the church was completed and the debt provided for. Father McManus has been for many years an active church builder, and some of the most successful monu- ments of that kind in the Wyoming and Lackawanna valleys are due to his self-sacrificing efforts. BLAKELY BOROUGH. , HIS borough comprises the B. McLean, C. Weaver, J. Randall, D. Sherrard, J. Angle and E. London warrantee tracts, and is the best farming part of the old Blakely town- ship. The farm lands are now owned principally by coal companies. The borough comprises Peck- ville, which has been built up mainly since the completion of the gravity road, and settled by railroad men and retired farmers. The population of the borough in 1880 was 875. The first grist-mill was on the Mott place, and the old ten mile tavern, near Priceville, was for many years the voting place and post-office of the town. The charter incorporating Blakely borough was granted August 27th, 1867, and the first election held at the house of L. Lillibridge, October 8th, 1867, resulting in the choice of ihe following officers: Burgess, J. B. Kenyon; councilmen, W. H. Hull, jr., C. D. Barber, J. W. Peck, Alexander Berry and William Bell; overseers of poor, L. L. Lyons, A. C. Wise; constable, David Lewis; assessors, L. Lillibridge, J. H. Fisher, D. Aylesworth; auditors, William Page, Ebenezer Davis, C. Cray; .school directors, G. M. Hull, George Newton, William H. Hughes, Wil- liam C. Cormack, Theron Ferris, Thomas Kelly; justice, Edward Jones. Other justices have been elected as fol- lows: D. T. Lewis, 1868; Stephen Callender, 1870, 1875; W. V. Mace, 1873, 1878. The borough ordinances were adopted in 1868. The successive burgesses have been: For 1868, W. J. McCor- mack; 1869, A. C. Wise; 1870, 1871, Edward Jones; 1872, J. W Peck; 1873-75, Jospph Travis; 1876, J. D. Peck; 1877. 1878, J. G. Bell; 1879. S. N. Callender. The officers for i88o were: Burgess, J. D. Peck; coun- cilmen, J. R. Colvin, S. N. Callender, M. V. Doud, J. C. Tuthill, F. L. Taylor; clerk, J. C. Tuthill. The graded school, taught by Prof. H. E. Barnes and two assistants, has three departments of three grades each, with a total list of 230 scholars, and sustains a high rep- utation. The First Baptist Church of Blakely was early supplied by Elders John Finn, John Miller, J. B. Chase and W. K. Mott, and was a branch of the Greenfield church from 1820 until 1843, when it was formed into a church, with twenty-seven members. Revs. -=# 466 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. Henry Curtis, W. K; Mott, Silas Finn and D. E. Bowen officiating at its institution. The first meeting house was built in 1832, and is yet standing. In 1873 the society built a new edifice, forty by sixty feet, about three-fourths of a mile sou'h of the old one, at a cost of |6,ooo; and in 1880 a mission chapel at Peckville, costing about $[,500. Among the pastors have been Revs. W. K. Mott, 0. L. Hall, Charles Parker, J. W. Lyons, J. B. Kenyon and D. J. Williams. The pulpit is now occupied by Rev. Newell Callender, a former member of the church. The two Sunday-schools have 250 scholars, and the church mem- bership is about 90. PECKVILLE contains two churches, four stores, the Purdy House, the extensive planing and saw-mills of Peck Brothers, a first- class grist-mill, operated by A. C. VVise, the foundry of S. F. White, a fine public school building built for the Peckville graded school, and about 700 inhabitants. The first impetus to business was given by Samuel Peck & Brother, who came here in 183 1 and built a sash and door factory and small grist-mill on the site of the present works of Peck Brothers. The Purdy House, kept by W. F. Ketchum, is the only hotel in the village and the best in the borough. Mr. Ketchum is a native of Prompton, Wayne county, and was formerly in the employ of the Erie Railway Company, at Carbondale. He purchased the house in April, 1880. His wife was Francis Corey, of Preston, Pa., whom he married June 20th, 1875. He has two children. The M. E. Church of Peckvii.lk. The first Methodist preacher at Peckville, then called Blakely, was Rev. David Williams, ap]joinled in 1857. It was then a mission and u part of the Providence charge. The preaching services were held in " the old school- house," in the lower part of the village. Methodist preachers had before visited the place and occasionally preached to the people, among the number the distin guished Rev. Ur. George Peck. Mr. Williams served the charge two years, and organized the Peckville church The original class was composed in part of Jeremiah Sils- bee and wife, George W. Thomas and wife, Emeline Ben jamin, Barbara Carey, Henry Newton, Calvin Peck, Anna Styles and Dorcas Travis, with Jeremiah Silsbee as class leader. The successive class leaders have been Calvin Peck, J. D. Peck, Charles Dowrick, C. D. Barber and Robert Tuthill. In i860 Rev. J. C. AVoodruff became pastor, when Blakely mission was organized into the Blakely charge, including Peckville, Olyphant, Archbald (where the pas- tor then resided) and Jermyn. During this pastorate a revival at Peckville resulted in substantial accessions of membership. In 1862 I. T. Walker came to the pastor- ate. He was the first pastor residing at Peckville. From 1864 Rev. C. Hynson was the pastor three years; then Rev. S. F. Wright, two years. In 1868 he built a church on a lot donated by J. D. Peck, in the center of the vil- lage, on the northwest side of Main street. It is a wooden structure substantially built, seating three hundred and costing $4,000. It was dedicated July 4th, 1868, Rev. Dr. R. Nelson, nf Wyoming Seminary, officiating. Rev. G. M. Chamberlin began a year's pastorate in 1868, dur- ing which a revival increased the membership and greatly strengthened the church. From i86g Rev. J. F. Wilbur was pastor until 1872; then Rev. G. M. Chamberlin. Rushdale was now constituted a separate church, called Gibsonburg, and the old charge was given the present name of Peckville. In 1874 Rev. J. Underwood became pastor, and in 1876 Rev. W. J. Hill, who remained until 1879, when he was succeeded by the present incumbent. Rev. F. (iendall. In 1877 a parsonage was built for $1,000 on a lot oppo- site the church, donated by the New York and Erie Coal Company. In 1868 a Sunday-school was organized by Rev. S. F. Wright, with G. W. Thomas as its first superintendent, who was succeeded by H. Gleddon, A. Simpson, S. White, J. D. Peck and Charles Trevcrton. It has 150 members. The original trustees of the church were G. W. Thomas, C. D. Barber, William Purdy, Alerick Berry, J. W. Peck, S. F. White, William Williams and James Hurd. The cl-nirch numbered in 1880 go members, with Robert Tall. ill as class leader and J. D. Peck as his as- sistant. The stewards that year were John Tuthill, John English, William Bell, J. D. Peck, Oliver David and Albert Newton. The church property is held in trust by C. D. Barber, president; S. F. White, secretary; John English, treasurer; Robert Tuthill and S. Reese. Harper Lodge, No. 707, I. O. of O. F. This lodge, April 25th, 1870, was instituted by and named after D. D. Harper. There were twenty charter members. Payments from the benefit fund to date amount to $1,217.24. DICKSON CITY BOROUGH. iHIS borough had little or no importance be- fore Richmond and Chittenden commenced developing coal drifts, in 1859. The hamlet of Priceville then sprung up about a mile north of the collieries, and several private enter- l)rises were undertaken at what is now known as Dickson City, where the Elk Hill Coal and Iron Company absorbed most of the business. The borough was chartered in 1875. The first election, held in October of that year, resulted in the choice of H. \V. Loftus as burgess, Henry W. Smith as president, and Frank Day as chairman of the school board. Patrick Reilly was the first chief of police. The first school NiH= =^H OFFICERS OF DICKSON CITY AND JERMYN— W. H. RICHMOND'S ENTERPRISES. 467 4 board was organized in 1876. There are three school- bouses, all built prior to the erection of the borough. The borough officers for 1880 were: Burgess, Martin Cnppen; council — H. A. Zimmerman (president), James Labar (secretary), Patrick Reilly (treasurer), Lucius Lake, James McCauley, James Rogers and Jaines Dough- erty; president of school board, Thomas Grier; secretary, Michael McNulty; treasurer, Thomas Hanahan; chief of police, Thomas McCauley. The floating debt of the bor- ough is $r,3oo. The post-office was established in 1874, with L. E. Judd postmaster. Thomas Grier, the present incumbent, was appointed April 30'h, 1879. The first justices of the peace were William D. Burke (elected in 1875) and Thomas McCauley (1877); the latter died during his term of office, which was finished by James A. Savage, who, as well as his associate Mr. Burke, still holds the office. The population, which was 329 in 1870, had increased to 841 in 1S80. The Elk Hill Coal and Iron Company. This company's colliery was opened by W. H. Rich- mond & Co., in 1859; the breaker, erected in i860, was the first on the gravity road between Carbondale and Scranton. It was operated by Richmond & Co. until 1863, when W. H. Richmond, Charles P. Wirtz, George L. Morss, Alfred Wirtz and G. L. Dickson organized the Elk Hill Coal and Iron Company, and succeeded to the ownership of the mine. The lands worked are the prop- erty of the Central Coal Companv, the principal owners of which are Colonel J. H. Johnson and Abel Bennett, jr., who opened the first colliery at the Notch in 1853 and sold to the Pennsylvania Coal Company the lands that formed the nucleus of its present immense business. Thevein is worked from drifts extending in one direction a mile and a half from the opening. The capacity of the breaker is 300 tons daily; average production, about 250 tons. The number of tenement houses is sixty; total number of men and boys employed, 225. One forty horse power engine is used at the breaker. The cloven foot of Molly Maguireism developed itself in the attempted asrassination of Superintendent L. E. Judd, of Richmond colliery, in 1872, and in the inaugu- ration of strikes, the only effect of which was the injury of the participants. The efforts of Treasurer Richmond of the Elk Hill Company to prevent the unlicensed sale of liquor in the vicinity of the works have had a beneficial effect on all concerned. The Dickson City File Works is owned by the Elk Hill Coal and Iron Company, and makes the " tip top hand cut steel files." It employs ten hands, under Fore- man Thomas Sheldon, an old Shetfield file cutter, who claims to be able to equal the best work of English fac- tories. Besides the above named establishments, the company owns a large brick yard and a general store. Richmond Hill Farm. The elegant mansion of William H. Richmond, the treasurer of the Elk Hill Coal and Iron Company, com- pleted in 1874, is a fine specimen of modern architecture and embodies some ideas of its owner that are well worthy of note, among which are its superior arrangements for heating by steam, the sensible location of registers at ex- posed points, a perfect and thorough ventilation, and a uniform heat secured at a very low pressure. Near this house are two spacious greenhouses, to the contents of which an experienced Scotch gardener is constantly add- ing; milk, carriage and boiler houses, and a fine poultry house and yard. In the barn yards may be seen the finest specimens of Jersey cattle, the importation and breeding of which is part of. the business of the farm. Every part of the hundred acres is being brought under the best of treatment, and experiments in various crops afford the owner employment for his leisure and the pur- suance of his favorite theory of improving the farms in this vicinity. The English system of '" soiling'' cattle is pursued, with satisfactory results. JERMYN BOROUGH. 'N the 3d of January, 1870, a petition for the incorporation of the borough of Gibsonburg was granted, and a charter issued naming January 28th of that year for the first borough election; Newton H. Barber as judge of elections; Josiah Bloss and Patrick Farrell as inspectors; and James A. Rynier to give legal notice to voters of such election. January 8th, 1872, the borough lines were extended. The borough was named after John Gibson, of Philadelphia, an extensive owner of lands here which passed into the hands of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company in 1874, when that corpor- ation changed the name of the railway station to Jermyn in honor of John Jermyn. This change of title was adopted by the borough and the post-office department. The officials elected January 28th, 1880, were: bur- gess, John Jermyn; town council, Oliver G. Morgan, Pat- rick J. Mullen, Dr. S. D. Davis, Henry Tripp, Josiah Bloss; borough secretary, S. D. Davis; borough .treas- urer, A. L. Green. First meeting of town council, Feb- ruary 4th, 1870, The succeeding burgesses have been as follows: John Jermyn, 1870; S. S. Vail, October 24th, 1870, to March 28th, 1872; Miron H. Barber, 1872; Alfred L. Green, 1873; Henry Niemyer, 1874; Joseph Dunn, 1875; John Gardner, 1S76; N. Smith, 1877; Calvin Vail (appointed!, July 1st, 1877, to April 2nd, 1878; William Lietz, 1878, 1879; Joseph Harris, 1880. The borough treasurers have been as follows: A. L. Green, 1870-72; S. D. Davis, 1873; Thomas Reunie, 1874; William B. Swick, 1875; C. D. Winter, 1876, 1877; Joseph Harris, 1878; James D. Strieker, 1879; J. R. Jones, i88o. The present valuation for tax purposes is $119,454. The borough officers for 1880 were: Joseph Harris, •=M= =h; ; 1 ^^ 468 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. II burgess; council, David Carle, Benjamin Davis, C. M. Berry, Thomas Rich, William H. Jones; secretary, P. J. NTiiUen; treasurer, J. R. Jones. The population of Jermyn was 1,156 in 1870, and 1,541 in 1880. Justices have been elected as follows: Henry D. Carey, 1870, 187s; John B. Cole, 1875; John Gardner, 1874; Ira G. Westcott, 1876. Hotels, Mines, Manufactories, etc. The first hotel was built by Louis Pizer, in 1866, and is slill standing, one block west of St. George's Hotel, erected by him in 1872, and well known as the leading house in the village. Mr. Pizer is still in charge. He was born in England, came to America in 1862 and settled for a short time in Archbald, commencing busi- ness here in 1866. The popular Sweeney House was built in 1870 by Eben Roberts, and passed through a number of hands before it was purchased by Ira G. Westcott in 1880. The Farmer's Hotel was built by John Nicholson in 1866. The post-ofiRce, under the name of Gibsonburg, was established in 1869, with John Gardner as postmaster for the first six months; since that time it has been kept by Dr. S. D. Davis. A furniture store kept by Gustav Battinburgh, a tailor shop by W. R. Palmer, the harness and saddlery shop of Thomas Walkey, a blacksmith shop, the drug and book store of Dr. S. D. Davis, the general store of John Jermyn, the meat market of Hill & Walters and a bakery and confectionery comprise the business places of the borough aside from mines and manufactories mentioned below. Breaker No. i is supplied by a shaft sunk in 1857 by Offermann, afterwards operated for several years by Winton & Chittenden, and after lying idle for two years leased by John Jermyn in 1865. The breaker, built in i860, has a capacity of 600 tons daily. Three engines and four pumps are in use, and 300 men and boys employed. Robert Carter is the superintendent. Breaker No. 2 works coal from a slope opened in 1867, in which year it was erected. It has a capacity of 800 tons daily. The Archbald vein is here worked through some two thousand acres of the Lee, Rider and other tracts. A. L. Green is the superintendent. About 300 men and boys are employed. The Eureka Coffin and Casket Factory (Miller Broth- ers & Co.) was undertaken in 1872 by its present owners, and has grown to be an important industry, employing some 40 men and boys and turning out about 30 com- pleted cofifins daily. The capital represented is about $40,000, and the business is increasing. Steam is the motive power. H. C. Miller, a practical cabinet maker, was the founder, and is at the head of the firm. The Jermyn Steam Flouring Mills were erected by John Jermyn, their present owner, in 1870. The building is a frame structure, 40 by 80 feet and four stories in height; contains five runs of stones operated by a 60 horse- power engine. Five men are employed. The mill can produce 100 barrels of flour and 20 tons of feed or meal daily. Mr. Jermyn imports from the west 200 car loads of grain annually for use here. A specialty is made of the Valley Star brand of flour, which is well known through- out the Lackawanna valley. William B. Swick is the manager and miller. Rushdale Powder Mills. — Powder was first made here by A. T. Rand & Co., who built the first mills in 1864, and sold to the Moosic Powder Company, who enlarged and improved the works in 187210 their present capacity of about 325 kegs daily, employing about 40 men. Thirty- five acres of land are owned by the company, ten of which are enclosed in a high fence and contain the build- ings, comprising eighteen blocks so arranged as to reduce the risk of a general destruction by fire or explosion to a minimum. Great care is taken in the manipulation of materials, but the drying house exploded November loth, 1867; another building twice in 1870 (one man killed), and May 13th, 1872, an explosion totally destroyed the works. By the explosion of the press house, November 4th, 1873, three lives were lost, and the glazing mill blew up June 2oth, 1879, when the watchman was saved by a section of a boiler falling over him and shielding him from the falling walls. The office of the mills is con- nected by a telegraph line with the company's office in Scranton and their mills at Moosic. A market is found in the Lackawanna valley for the entire product of the mills, and the company claim that long familiarity with the needs of miners and the use of the cartridge package enables them to produce a superior article. The superintendents have been G. W. Rand, A. H. Boies (now president of the company) and W. S. Hutch- ings, the present manager. A Molly Maguire Outrage. On the morning of the 2gth of July, 1874, during the "Molly Maguire" reign of terror. Mine Foreman A. L. Green was set upon by three strangers, who fired nine pistol shots, bringing him to the ground wounded in three places, but not fatally. William B. Swick and his son, Rob- ert Pierce and Charles McCracken, who were at the Jer- myn mill, about fifty yards away, chased off the assailants, killed one and wounded another in the foot. The corpse being given to the physicians for dissection, persons from Dunmore claimed it as the body of one O'Malia. This and other clues brought about the arrest of the wounded assassin, and under the name of Sharkey he was con- victed of an attempt at manslaughter, and sent to the peni- tentiary for six years and eight months. So bold was this band of murderers, and so subservient were some of the local judiciary, that a warrant was actually obtained from a Scranton justice of the peace for the arrest of Robert Pierce for the murder of O'Malia, and a gang of men visited Jermyn to take him; but he had been secre- ted by his friends, who followed the agents of the outlaws with such pertinacity and so strong a front that they abandoned the search; after which, to avoid further com- plications, a formal complaint was made, Mr. Pierce taken to Wilkes-Barre, and at the first session of the + -T -t - I.I-JJ-' i'^ lit. .!'<' i:.V,M Ci /Vr,;',.,/ ;rf.-}r GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, JERMYN BOROUGH. 9. JOHN JERMYN was bora in Suffolk, England, in 1837. Without the advantage of a thoroug-h education, or wealthy and influential relatives, and early in life thrown upon his own resources for a livelihood, he had to struggle with the many vicissitudes and- trials incident to youth single-handed and alone, and yet we find that In almost every instance he rose above and superior to them all and was successful. Finding the avenues to successful business enterprise very narrow and hedged closely about by difficulties in his native England, and hearing of the golden opportunities open to those who cared to succeed in the United States, he in company with others, in the spring of 1847, set sail for the " promised land." On arriving in New York his attention was directed to Scranton (then tflocum Hollow , as the most likely place at which to realize his expecta- tions. Accordingly, the second day after landing in New York city found him set down in the then almost unbroken wilderness of the Lackawanna valley. To an aspiring youth of twenty years, who had teen accustomed to the streets and active scenes of London, and whose every thought and purpose had been bent to the task of bettering his position in life, one can readily imagine came a bitter feeling of dis- appointment and discouragement when this change first broke upon his mind. The bright scenes and active duties of London life were left behind, with all their fascination; with a vast ocean between him and relatives, in the midst of strangers, cold, heartlciss and exacting; with no capital save the strong arms and willing heart with which nature had endowed him, with no broad avenue opening before him to friends and affluence, he found himself in the midst of a wilderness with no immediate prospect of employment or business. To one of a less ardent and hopeful nature the realization of these facts would have been crushing. Not so, how- ever, to 3*oung Jermyn. In casting his eye about him he soon discov- ered that others were in the path of success; that the new world on which he had just stepped was wide and full of rich opportunities for him as well as them, and his determination was soon formed and his plans laid. Making application to Scrantons & Piatt, his first day's work was done at the old furnace unloading coal, and so well and faithfully was his task performed from day to day that he soon attracted the attention of his employers, and before many days had passed he was advanced. Encouraged by this, greater efforts were put forth, and position after position attained, until when but a few years had passed young Jermyn was no longer a dependent upon others for employment; but with ex- perience obtained under others, and powers for controlling and direct- ing the labor of others enlarged, he was prepared to contract for himself and thus reap the benefit of his own powers and genius. Readily per- ceiving this he sought and secured the contract for opening the Diamond coal mines at Scranton, and was the first man to put a shovel into that important wo&. Never scorning labor himself, he was ever ready, by his example and superior knowledge of the application of means to the accomplishment of ends, to further his enterprises and to gain the con- fidence as well as the hearty co-operation of those under his control. His first contract having been pushed to a successful and satisfactory close during the years 1851 to 1854, he soon after entered into a contract to open and develop the coal of the New York and Pennsylvania Coal Company, situated in the notch of the mountain above Providence, and since known as the " Rockwell mines." In this undertaking he was en- gaged some four or five years and was highly successful. The contract having been filled and the work accepted by the company, in the year 1859 he entered into a contract with Judson CJark, Esq., for the sinking of a slope and mining the coal from the lands of the said Clark, situated on the Abington turnpike and near the mines of the New York and Pennsylvania Coal Company. Here he was engaged for some two years, when, Judson Clark having died, he, jointly with a Mr. "Wells and Mr. CJark of Carbondale, Pa., became the proprietor of the mines under a lease with the estate, under the firm name of Jermyn, Well3& Co. This lease continued for three years, when the mining of the coal at this point was abandoned. Always on the alert for an opening, and with a wonderfully penetra- ting mind, we find Mr. Jermyn always looking in advance, and before he had closed his engagement at one point he had another in waiting for him. Thus, before his lease expired with the Judson Clark estate, he had effected another with Judge Birdseye, of New York city, for the working of his mines at Archbald, Pa., two miles up the valley from the scene of his last previous operations. These mines had been badly managed for many years, and their reputation was such that the pro- prietor found it difficult to operate them successfully. This Mr. Jermyn soon remedied, however, and he had not been in possession of the mines more than three years when the proprietor was enabled to sell his mines and coal lands to the Boston and Lackawanna Coal Company at a very large profit. Mr, Jermyn closed his engagement here with the same success which seems ever to attend him, and, with the same foresight which has all through life characterized him, sought out and before closing his bus- iness at ArchbaM effected a contract for mining the coal from the lands of the Gibson estate, situated two miles up the Lackawanna river from Archbald, at what was then known as Rushdale. Here, as at Archbald, the reputation and the quality of coal to be mined were such that mining operations had been abandoned entirely, and the opera- tors almost literally driven from the field, the mines having stood idle for several years. With all these discouragements and contrary to the advice of his friends, who could see nothing but failure and disaster in the undertaking, Mr. Jermyn, after having examined the mines for himself and satisfied his own mind that there was money to be made there, pushed steadily forward with his improvements, keeping his own counsel until he should be fully prepared to enter upon his mining op- erations. Having put his machinery and buildings in thorough repair, and added largely to his facilities for mining and preparing coal, in 1875 Mr. Jermyn entered upon the most successful undertaking of his life, and laid the foundation for a large share of the prosperity and wealth which to-day crown his career. Having effected two new leases of coal to the amount of one million tons each, besides filling successfully the original contract of one million tons, aU from the same estate, and with facilities for min- ing and delivering the entire two million tons of coal within the next ten or fifteen years, Mr. Jermyn stands to-day among the most success- ful and wealthy coal operators of the valley. Instead of the predictions made when he was about to enter on this enterprise proving true, just the reverse has been the result. Thoroughly sifting the community when he came, none but the better portion was retained, and the refuse driven out. Upright, honest and industrious men were encouraged to come in, and with a liberality which has always been a characteristic of Mr. Jermyn the helping hand was extended and the encouraging word spoken to those who wished to obtain a house for their families ; until from a little cluster of shanties found here when Mr. Jermyn took possession, in which the occupants had no interest, has grown a large and flourishing borough, with large and well-filled churches, a graded school second to none in the county, together with fine hotels and places of business. When the borough of Gibsonburg was incor- porated in 1869 it was thought fitting that it should bear the name of the estate on which it was founded; hence the name of Gibsonburg. But during 1873, the growth and interests of the borough having from its formation been so Intimately connected with Mr. Jermyn and his family, it was thought but just— and the spontaneous expression of the entire community was given— that the name of the borough be changed to Jermyn. In 1851 Mr. Jermyn married Susan, daughter of Joseph Knight, Esq.* of Cornwall, England, a very estimable lady, who has been a faithful sharer of all his toils and cares, and now enjoys with him the harvest of their accumulated wealth. She was born in 1824. Their children are- <^ *$* 468^ HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. Joseph J., born July 31st, 1852; Willie, born in 1854 (died in 1874); Frank H., bom in 1856; Myron, deceased; George, born in 1862; Walter, born in 1864; Edward, born in 1866; Emma, born in 1869; Susan, born in 1871, and John, born in 1873. We cannot dismiss the subject without point- ing the moral and drawing therefrom a lesson for the good and encour- agement of young men. Mr. Jermyn, beginning in life at the bottom round of the ladder and ascending step after step to its top, always gen- erous, never withholding aid when appealed to by the truly needy, prompt in the payment of his debts, ever ready to right a wrong unwit- tingly committed, uncompromising In his integrity, temperate in all his habits, stands a bright example to those who would succeed in life and be honored by the community in which they live. SUMNEE D. DAVIS. Sumner D. Davis, M. D., a son of Elisha and Latira A. Davis, was born in Nelson, Cheshire county, N. H., March 1st, 1846. and married MisB Laura E. Wilson, of Lynn, Mass., December 27th, 1865. They have three girls living. Mr. Davis came to Hyde Park, Pa., in the spring of 1868 nearly penniless, and entered the office of Dr. A. Davis. He earned and saved enoughmoney bybookkeeping,keeping up his studies nighte, to pay his expenses during the three years of study, besides the expenses of two courses of medical lectures, one at the University of Michigan and the other at Harvard Univei'sity Medical College, Boston, Mass., where he graduated March 10th, 1869, aged twenty-three years, indebted pecuniarily to no one, but with his savings exhausted. He borrowed J50 of a brother and located in Bushdale, now Jermyn, Pa,, In May, 1869. He borrowed money and built a drug store in thespring of 1870. During his period of study he served as assistant assessor of internal revenue for April and May of 1867 and 1868, also during the summer of 1868. He also worked a few months for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Com- pany, making out pay roUs and paying the men at the Baltimore Coal mines, near Wilkes-Barre. Afta: the incorporation of the borough of Gibsonburg, now Jermyn, he was elected one of the town council for three successive tenns. He has been borough secretary four terms and borough treasurer one term ; past master of Aurora lodge, No. 523. F. and A. M.; past N. G. of Eushbrook lodge, No. 850, I. O. 0. P. and past high priest of Eureka chapter. No. 179, H. E. C, of Carbondale ; and is the present (1880) general of Palestine commandery. No. 14, K. T., of Carbondale. A Democrat in politics, he has been postmaster from February 13th, 1871, about six months after the estabUshment of the post-office of Gibsonburg,until the present time. He has been secretary of the Gibsonburg Building and Loan Association from its organization, in October, 1871, until the present time. He joined the Masonic order in June, 1868. A. L. GREEN. Arthur L. Green, superintendent of the Jermyn collieries, is a native of England and has been prominently .identified with colliery interests for many years, formerly residing at Providence. He has two children, one a daughter residing with her parents, the other a son, JohnD. Green, manager of the Union Stove Works at Pittston, Pa. Mr. Green was the subject of a cowardly attempt at assassination described in the history of the borough, which seriously impaired his general health. • W. S. HUTCHINGS. W. S. Hutchings, superintendent of the Bushdale Powder Mills, is a native of Bermuda, West India Islands. He came to America when seventeen years of age. He entered the employ of the Moosic Powder Company as a clerk, married the daughter of the superintendent, was afterwards appointed assistant superintendent at Moosic and in 1810 was promoted to his present responsible position. EEV. WILLIAM JENKINS. Eev. William Jenkins was born in Glamorganshire, Wales, March 1st, 1800, and married at Tie^elhin Chuich in Mctmouththiie to Mifs Ann MUes, who became the mother of ten children and died at Jermyn in 1880. Father Jenkins was lieenscd to preach in 1835, and in 1869 came to America and in the following year tect.me pastor of the Welsh Baptist Church of Jermyn. Of his children one son, Eev. D. M. Jenkins is the pastor of a large Welsh church in Liverpool, England; another, Bev. B. H. Jenkins, pastor of a Presbyterian church in St. Louis, Mo., and several others are living at Jermyn and other points in the Lackawanna vaUey. Gdstav BATTBNBnRQH, d native of Germany, came to Scranton in 1869, to Archbald the following year, and to Jermyn in 1876. He was em- ployed in the Eureka Casket Works until the spring of 1880, when he established himself In the furniture and undertaking business. He mar- ried Jennie Jones, of Jermyn, and has two children. Baknabas Carter, a native of Durham, England, born January 10th, 1823, has been for many years identified with mining interests in this State. He married Elizabeth Watson and has eight children Uving. Mr. Carter is a prominent Free Mason, a Son of St. George, and a warden in St. James Protestant Episcopal church. John Gardneb, born in Nottinghamshire, England, came to Car- bondale, Pa., in 1845. He married Elizabeth Pratt, of Yorkshire, England, and has five children living. He has been a justice of the peace for sixteen years and has spent the most of his time in this coun- try in the villages of Archbald and Jermyn. Joseph Harris, born in Bloomsburgh, Columbia county. Pa., came to Luzerne county in 1802 and to Jermyn in 1866. He married Mary L. Martin, of Carbondale, and has been since his settlement here connected with the mercantile department of the Jermyn collieries. He has served as borough treasurer, member of the council, and as burgess for 1880. William L. Hill came from Cornwall, England, in 1870, commencing business as a butcher in Carbondale and two years later coming to Jermyn, where he died March 19th, 1874. He married Grace Josephine Olver, of Cornwall, England, who survives him. His children were William 0. who married Ida W. Newell, of Jermyn, January 29th, 1879, and succeeds his father in business in the firm of Hill & Walters; Mary Olver, married to George E. Walters, the other partner; Grace, married to Thomas Dyer, of Philadelphia'; Emma M. to William A Stewart, of Philadelphia, and Alexander, deceased. EiCHARD JAT, a native of St. Blazy, England, came to Jermyn as a miner in 1867 and has since spent several years in California and Nevada. He married Catharine Griffiths, of Jermyn, a native of Wales, and is the leader and teacher of the well-known Jermyn Cornet Band. John Knight, mine foreman, is a native of Cornwall, England, and came to America in 1848. He has been engaged in mining since boy- hood, working in copper, iron, gold and coal mines, and helped sink the first slopes sunk at Hyde Park. His adventures in the mines of this and other countries would of themselves form an interesting narrative. He married a daughter of Joseph Coombs, of Flacerville, California; has two children living and since 1869 has been an outside foreman for Mr. John Jermyn. Thomas Eennie, born in Durham, England, came to Jermyn in 1866, married Hannah Pizer, and has nine children. He has been engineer at Jermyn collieries for thirteen 'yeai-s, served as borough treasurer one term, and since 1871 as school director. William B. Swick, a native of Bath, N. Y., settled in Abington town- ship in 1853, and engaged in the business of a miller. He came to Jermyn and started the Jermyn Steam Flour Mills, and is now in charge of them. He married a Miss Proper, of New York State, and has two children. He served as deputy marshal and enrolling officer during the war for the Union. Thomas Walkey, born in Callington, England, came to America in 1870, opening a harness shop in Jermyn. He married at Honesdale, Pa., Anna Smith. His son, Alfred William, was born in 1874. Mr. Walkey is a Son of St. George and an Odd Fellow. Ira G. Westcott, a native of Susquehanna county, came to Jermyn in 1888, working as a carpenter until 1880, when he purchased the Sweeney House, of which he isuow proprietor. Mr. Westcott married Josephine Hughes, of Hyde Park, and has served one term as jusiice of the peace— from 1876 to 1879. Hh f fCis Gendall, born in Cornwall, England, came to America in 187 1. He was licensed to preach in St. Just, and traveled as an itinerant preacher for four years in England. His first appointment by the Wyom- ing Conference was in Wayne county, where he filled several appointments. He is now in his second year at Peckville. He married Grace B. White, of Cornwall, England. Thomas Grier, one of the best known citizens of Dickson City, was born in Ireland, but came to this country in infancy with his parents, who settled in Hones- dale, Pa. In 1863 be commenced work for the firm of Richmond & Co., and in 1866 he removed to this place and took a position in the company's store, of which he has been manager since 1870. He married in 1873 Miss Ann Grier, of Dickson; has served as school director; in 1870 was vice-president of the county organization of the Father Matthew Total Abstinence Society, and in 1876 and for two years following was vice-president of the State Catholic Temperance Union. Henry T. Howell came from Scranton to Winton in 1874 as bookkeeper for Filer & Livy, which position he now holds. He was formerly a clerk in the Second National Bank of Scranton. PaxRlCK Jordan, a native of Ireland, came to Oly- phant in i860, and was engaged in mining for some years. He has traveled in the west, spending a year in Minnesota, two in steamboating on the Mississippi, and one in the coal business in St. Louis. He married Mary Brogan, of Carbondale, and has six children. He has been dealing in general merchandise and miners' supplies since 1866. James P. Kane, principal of the Olyphant graded school, is a native of Ireland, where he taught in the model schools of Dublin. He came to America in i860, and to Olyphant in 1878. He has taught some twenty- four years. John D. Lloyd, oldest son of John Lloyd, married (November 27th, 1879) Fannie M. Stanton, of Montrose, Pa. He was formerly in charge of a coffee and tea store at Scranton; later in the employ of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company's stores, and is now employed by the miners as check weighraaster at the Filer breaker. Thomas J. Loftus, grocer at Olyphant, was born in SeeleyvilL', Pa., and married (January 24th, 1872) Ann Brogan, of Carbondale; they have two children. He has been a miner since he was sixteen years old. He estab- lished his business in 1866, but is still employed m min- ing at Grassy Island. He is treasurer of the Hnjernian Benevolent Society; for two years has been a school di- rector of Olyphant, and in 1880 was treasurer of the board. William Hull, a native of Massachusetts, came to Blakely about 1820 and traveled for several years for a brother-in-law, Calvin Barbour, who had a small manu- factory of woodenware. He afterward purchased a tract of four hundred acres in what is now Olyphant, which nroved a valuable coal property; and another of one hundred and thirty acres, on which he farmed until his death, February 8th, 1872, at the age of seventy-six years He married in 1834 Rebecca Parker of Abing- ton Pa She died in 1849, leaving seven children, and November 29th, i860, Mr. Hull married Maria B. Dewey, of Old Hadley, Mass., who become t'le mother of three children and is now living on the old homestead. Mr. Hull was a man of marked financial ability and accumu- lated a handsome property. Frederick Lloyd, miner, born in Glamorganshire, Wales, married Ann Evans of the same place, came to America in 1858 and in 1859 to Olyphant. He has eight children, six of whom were born in America. He is a school director of Blakely borough and an ofificer in the Welsh Baptist church. Edward Lyons, miner, born in Ireland, came to America in 1862, and spent three years in Mahanoy City and several years in Illinois. He came to Dickson in 1870 and married (June nth, 1873,) Margaret Livers, of Dunmore. They have three children. Mr. Lyons has been for four years the assessor of Dickson City. Patrick H. McCann, born in Philadelphia in 1841, came to Olyphant in 1858. He served in the war for the Union, as a member of the 25th Pennsylvania volun- teers (three months men), then in the 136th Pennsylvania reserve, and finally in Battery H Pennsylvania artillery. He was married January ist, 1865, to Jane, daughter of George Patton. He has served as assessor of the borough and is a prominent member of the Labor Re- form party. John McHugh is a native of Ireland, where he learned shoemaking. He came to America in 1867, and in 1868 to Olyphant, where he married Catharine Burke, a native of Carbondale. He has three children. He has been councilman, and is secretary of the Hibernian Benevolent Society, and corresponding secretary of the C. Y. M. T. A. B. S. of Olyphant. A. F. McNuLTY was born in Carbondale, October 1 8th, 1874. He married Mary Doud, of Olyphant, and has three children. He is a miner and engineer and is the secretary of the C. Y. M. T. A. B. S. U. V. Mace, born in Abington township, in 1828, mar- ried Miss H. Louisa, daughter of Rev. William Frear. Mr. Mace was for sixteen years station and express agent at Factoryville, Pa., in the employ of the Delaware, Lack- awanna and Western Railroad Company, during which time he served as justice of the peace ten years and was also a county auditor of Wyoming county three years. He has been agent for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company at Peckville for nine years and is in his second term as justice of the peace in Blakely borough. His parents settled in Providence township in 1808. Thomas Mason, born in Wales, came from Gettys- burg, Pa., to Olyphant in 1868. He is a miner. He leads the Olyphant Brass Band, and is secretary of the school board. He married Elizabeth Martin, of County Cornwall, England, and has two children. Charles Morton, a native of Canada East, came to the United States in 1861, enlisting in Company G sth New Hampshire volunteers and serving through the war; was wounded and taken prisoner at Cold Harbor and was in Libby prison nine months. He married Ellen L. Williams, a native of Wales, and has three children. He opened the Lackawanna Paint Works in 1878 and is one of its owners. James Nicol, mine foreman, is a native of Scotland, and came to America when nineteen years old. He has been engaged in railroad contracting and mining since 1852. He became inside superintendent of Eddy Brook colliery in 1877. He married Annie Hunter, of Grassy Island, and has four children. David L. Owens was born in Swansea, Wales, where f 470 2? HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. he worked as a miner. He came to America in 1866, settling in Olyphant in the ensuing year. He married Hannah Clement, of Swansea, Wales; has had and lost five children and has now an adopted son, Edward G. Owens. He is a member of Colfax Encampment. J. W. Patten, dealer in general hardware, stoves and miners' supplies at Olyphant, was born in Plymouth, Pa.; married a Miss I,ewis, of Carbondale, Pa., and was en- gaged in mining until 1875, when he established his pres- ent business. He has one child. Thomas Patten, grocer, tobacconist and dealer in gentlemen's furnishing goods at Olyphant, is a native of Mine Hill Gap, Schuylkill county, Pa. He came to Oly- phant in 1864, and was engaged in mining until 1879, when he commenced trading. He has served as lieuten- ant in the Olyphant guards, was first triennial assessor of the borough, and is a member of Colfax Encampment. John Dwight Peck, cf the firm of Peck Brothers, was born in Greenfield, and came to Blakely in child- hood. He was married, in 1852, to Sarah Snedecer, who died in 1857, leaving three children; and again in i860, to Delana Stone, who died in 1876, leaving three children. His present wife, whom he married in 1879, was Mrs. Mary E. Robinson. He has served his borough as burgess and is prominently connected with local interests. J. W. Peck, a native of Massachusetts and son of Samuel Peck and member of the firm of Peck Brothers, married for his first wife a Miss Hall of Abington, who died, leaving four children. His present wife was Hattie Clapp, of Massachusetts. George Pettigrew, miner, a native of Edinburgh, Scotland, came to America in 1850, and to this town in 1856. In 1863 he married Catharine Matilda Davis, a native of Wales, and he has two children. In 1880 he was elected burgess of Olyphant. John Reed, born in Cornwall, England, married Ann Arter, of Cardiganshire, Wales, and came to America in 1865. He has lived in Olyphant since 1866. He has had eifiht children, five of whom are living. He has been councilman of the borough, and is a miner. Benjamin F. Rees was born in Blakely township, and resided in Gibson, Susquehanna county, for sixteen years. Since 1878 he has owned and operated a market at Olyphant. He married (August 13th, 1877) Frances A. Lyons, of Blakely, and has one child. E. A. Reynolds, harness and saddlery merchant, a native of Massachusetts, resided in Providence, Pa., until ' 1877, when he established himself in Olyphant. He mar- ried Annie Miles, of Providence, and has one child. John P. Richards, dealer in stoves, tin and hardware, came to Olyphant from Herrick, Susquehanna county. Pa. He is a native of England. He settled here in 1864, and married a Miss Turner, a native of Wales, by whom he has had six children. He succeeded H. O. Silkman in his present business in 1867. Peter G. Rolls, grocer, is a native of Susquehanna county; was in the employ of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company for fifteen years and established his present business in 1870. His present wife is Emma C. Evans, a native of the Wyoming valley. By an earlier marriage with Gelana Dexter, deceased, he has three children, all residing in Blakely. William Shea, wholesale liquor dealer, is a native of Ireland. He came from Vermont to Archbald, where he carried on business in company with Robert Simp- 4 son for some years. His present establishment has been in operation since 1866. He has served as tax collector and poor director several terras. , Jasper B. Sicki.er, M. D., a native of Greenfield township, read medicine with Dr. Simmons, of Carbon- dale, and graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1877. He married a Miss Hermans, of Scott township, and has practiced in Peckville since he graduated. A. A. Swingle, born in Canaan, Wayiie county, has resided in Peckville since 1867, serving as weighmaster for the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company for eleven years. He married Sarah Curtis, of Salem Corners, Wayne county. Pa., and has four children. He is the acting postmaster and conducts a stationery and con- fectionery store at Peckville. John Taylor, boot and shoemaker, is a native of Birmingham, England, but came to America in early life and settled in Carbondale, removing to Olyphant in 1865. He married Mrs. Martha Fox, of Carbondale, a daughter of one of the old Welsh settlers. She has had twenty-three children, only five of whom are now living. The medical profession in Olyphant is represented by Edward Travers, M. D., a native of Washington D. C, who studied with Dr. Edward Fowler, of Laurel, Del., and graduated at the University of Maryland in 1868; practiced oneyearin Maryland, and in 1870 came to Olyphant from Providence, Pa. He has a large and growing practice. Thomas Twaddel, born in Inverary, Scotland, came to America in 1854, settling in Pittston. He came to Olyphant in 1862 and married Ann Pettigrew. He was engaged in mining in Scotland, and has worked in the mines and at carpenter work since he came to Olyphant. He has six children and has lost four. He is a miner at Grassy Island. George H. Vannan, a native of Carbondale, has been a plane engineer in the employ of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company since 1874, and took charge of the engine on plane 23 at Olyphant March 27th, r88o. David M. Voyle, dealer in general merchandise at Olyphant, is a native of Hazleton, Pa. He came from Carlsondale to Olyphant in 1859, opening the first gen- eral store in the village. He married Jane Price, a na- tive of Harrisburg, and has six children. He served as auditor and secretary of Blakely township from 1868, and has passed the chairs of the Odd Fellows and Ma- sonic lodges. William Wheeler came from England to America in 1856, and to Olyphant in 1859. He served ten years in the British army in India, and at the outbreak of our late war enlisted in Company K 9th Pennsylvania cavalry, and was promoted first lieutenant for bravery on the field of battle. He married Maria Loftus, of Olyphant, and has had seven children, only two of whom are living. He is a miner. Richard R. Williams, a native of South Wales, came to Hyde Park in 1862, and to Olyphant in 1864. He married Ann Jones, of Treforest, Wales, and has seven daughters. He was formerly a miner, and is now a contractor for building and flag stones. The following also contributed their support to this publication : Martin Griffin, M. F. Ketcham, F. W. Simpson, P. J. Swift and A. C. Wise. =H^ OLYPHANT WELSH BAPTIST CHURCH— LODGES AND ASSOCIATIONS. 471 The Welsh Baptist Church was organized November ist, 1859, by Rev. TheophiUis Jones, of Scranton, with the following members; David J. and Mrs. Mary Powell, Robert and Mrs. Emma Thomas, David Jenkins and wife, Richard Davies, Thomas Bowen, Thomas Williams and wife, Daniel Stevens and wife, James Stuart, David Watters and wife, Frederick Lloyd, Evan Mills and wife, Margaret W. Edwards, Ann Griffiths, John Williams and wife, Rachel Nicholas and Ann Morris. The first minister, Philip L. Davies, served this church and one at Carbondale a year. Succeeding him, Rev. Benjamin E. Bowen served from February loth, 1867, two years and five months, and Rev. Edward Jenkins one year from August, 187 1. Since then the church has had no pastor, but Rev. Benjamin E. Bowen is supplying the pulpit. The church building, a frame structure 32 by 40 feet, was commenced in 1870 and dedicated June i6th, 1872. Its builders were Samuel & Sanders, of Pittston, and it cost $2,627. The membership in 1880 was about 40. The Sabbath-school was organized in 1859, with thirty scholars and D. J. Powell as superintendent. At one time it numbered 140. SOCIETIES AND LODGES. ODD FELLOWS. Olyphant Lodge, No. 581, /. O. of O. F. was instituted December 30th, 1865, with 20 charter members. The first officers were: Andrew Patton, N. G. ; George Petti- grew, V. G.; Silas Eames, secretary; John E. Jones, assistant; Daniel Nichols, treasurer. The lodge numbered in 1880 ninety-eight members, and had then received $14,937.87, of which $6,399 ^^^ been paid out for relief, $4,421 for general expenses,, and $3,217.84 invested as a permanent fund. Colfax Encampment, No. 176, was instituted April loth, , 1869, with 12 charter' members. The first officers were: | C. P., Silas Eames; H. P., Andrew Patton; S. W., John i C. Edwards; J. W., Benjamin Walters; scribe, David M. Voyle; Treas., Daniel Nicholson. The officers for 1880 were: Edward Morris, C. P.; A. Patton, H. P:; Wil- liam V. Davis, S. W.; Alexander Frew, J. W.; Silas Eames, scribe; Evan Miles, Treas. The total receipts to April, 1880, were $4,883; paid for benefits, $2,776.10; funds on hand and invested, $350.70; operating expenses, $1,756.89. HIBERNIAN BENEVOLENT SOCIETY NO. 279 was chartered November i8th, 1867. The first officers were: R. McHale, president; Anthony Corcoran, Sec; Michael Cummings, Treas. The charter members num- bered 12. The society has paid for relief of members $1,684; dividend to members, $636.25; operating ex- penses, etc., $756.84. The officers for 1880 were: Presi- dent, William Best; vice-president, Michael Clarry; sec- retary, John McHugh; treasurer, Thomas J. Loftus. OLYPHANT BUILDING ASSOCIATION. This institution was incorporated September 4th, 1868, with Andrew Patton (president), D. M. Voyle (secretary), J. P. Richards (treasurer), W. W. Waters, Valentine Birtley, Isaac D. Secor, Allen Anderson, Daniel Nicholas, and J. M. C. Ronk as incorporators. It has issued six- teen series of stock, in shares of $200 each, of which the first ten series have matured and are in process of liqui-- dation; has loaned $140,000 within the limits of the bor- ough, of which about $18,000 was outstanding March ist, 1880. The officers are as at first. c. Y. M. T. A. B. SOCIETY. In April, 1869, Rev. John Loughran, of St. Patrick's church, pledged to the cause of total abstinence P. B. Gilmartin, P. J. McCormick, Michael Kaveny and A. F. McNulty, who formed the nucleus of the above named organization, effected May 22nd, 1869. R. J. McHale was first president; Thomas McHale, vice-president; Thomas Murphy, recording secretary; Martin Mooney, treasurer. By 1873 there were 89 members in good standing, with 84 cadets (boys under fifteen), and in the same year the society was incorporated. In 1874 the members mustered 105 and the cadets 115, and the society attained its maximum numbers and influence. In April, 1878, no cadets remained and but eight mem- bers, viz.: Bernard Mahon, John Lavin, James Clancy, John J. and William F. Loftus, Patrick Healy, Anthony F. McNulty and Michael Ruddy. In July, 1877, the society abandoned its hall and began using a public school room. In the winter of 1879 ten members were added. Sick benefits have amounted to $1,542.50, and payments to friends of deceased members $160. This society was admitted to the C. T. A. Union of Pennsylvania March 7th, 1872, and numbered 21 on the consolidated roll; and to the C. T. A. Union of Amer- ica in the same year as 16. It is how prosperous. The officers for 1880 were: P. A. O'Rorke, spiritual director; John J. Lavin, president; James J. Walsh, vice-presi- dent; Anthony F. McNulty, recording secretary; John McHugh, corresponding secretary; Bernard Mahon, treas- urer; Martin Curran, messenger; directors — A. F. Mc- Nulty, P. B. Gilmartin and Bernard Mahon. Since January ist, 1880, the society has resumed the payment of $3 per week during the illness of members, and $25 as a burial fund i-n case of deaths. LIEUTENANT STEVENS POST, NO I97, G. A. R. was organized October 21st, 1869, with the following charter members: P. H. McCann, Benjamin Walters, Herbert Edwards, Thomas Patton, Thomas Nealon, John W. Edwards, William H. Waters, Frederick Whitehead, L. J. Bowen, Griffith Jones, William R. Edwards, Herbert Williams, Thomas D. James, Robert Howe, William J. Hug-hes, Frank Pickering and Henry Everson. The post flourished until 1871, when from want of interest its meetings were discontinued. There were then forty-two members in good standing and sufficient assets to pay all liabilities. =-^i *4h backs and start for the store at Nobletown, in Wayne county, a distance of ten miles; there they exchanged their sugar for a few of the necessaries of life, such as snuff, tea, tobacco, and occasionally a little rum, just for camphor. The pioneer who, more fortunate than his neighbor, owned a cow and an ox, would hitch them together to do logging, farming and milling. The nearest mills were at Stoddardsville, down on the Lehigh, and at Slocum Hollow, now Scranton. Previous to the advent of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad the product of the Holgate mills had to be carted to Philadelphia on wagons, which took ten days to make a trip. The following justices of the peace for this township were elected in the years mentioned in connection with their names: Richard Drinker, 1840; Jacob Beesecker, 1840, 1845; Charles A. Havenstrite, 1845; Mahlon R. Risler, 1848; Edward Wardell, 1850, 1858, 1863, 1868, 1873; Nathaniel Whitmore, 1850; John P. Havenstrite, 1853; Allen Hodgson, 1856, 1865; David Dale, 1876. The population of the township in 1870 was 1,-182; in 1880 it had fallen off to 88 r. Wilderness Experiekces. In the winter of 1819 and 1820, which was a severe one, the family supplies had all to be brought from Stoddardsville (18 miles), Wilkes-Barre (30 miles), or Slo- cum Flollow (13 miles); either on hand-sleds or on men's shoulders, as it was very rarely that a team came from either of those places, and the settlers were not able to hire any conveyance. David Dale, father of Mark Dale, came near losing his life on one of those trips to Stodd- ardsville. Having gone for flour he was drawing a bag or barrel of it on a hand-sled; but not getting home when he was expected, the family, became alarmed and went to meet him. They found him about two miles from home almost overcome by fatigue, and he would have perished with cold before morning. Another incident looks very much like a "providence." Before the raising of the first log building that Mr. Dale put up, probably the next summer, they had no meat and no way to get any; but on the morning of the raising a fawn seemingly about four or five weeks old came to where they were preparing the timbers. Not thinking of trying to kill it they drove it away, but in an hour or so it came back and would not leave them; and at the suggestion that it must have been sent to supply the lack of meat it was killed and dressed, and proved very good. So remarkably timid and wild are young deer, that Mark Dale, after sixty years' experience with wild animals, can account for the actions of the fawn on no instinct or habit of the deer kind. About the middle of October, 1855, a little girl named Elizabeth Pembridge got lost in the woods. " Uncle Mark" Dale, of Markhampton, near Daleville, known to be familiar with the wilderness, was appealed to for aid in the search, and shouldering his trusty rifle ("Old Pre- cision ■' he called it) he set out. The child was traced to the lower end of Cabin hollow, but here all traces dis- appeared; and it was only after most of the searchers had gone home, tired out, that one of the few men re- riiaining, impelled by an influence he could not under- stand, and disregarding repeated calls from the others, walked directly to a spot in the neighborhood of where the most thorough search had been made, and found the missing child. Mr. Dale fired his rifle three times to announce the discovery to all interested, and the long and anxious search ended with great rejoicing. Two or three years after this Uncle Mark led a search for a man who had wandered into the forest in a fit of insanity, and again had the pleasure of being with the successful party and announcing the glad tidings to the others through the medium of "Old Precision." Daleville. Daleville is the principal village of the township. The first settler here was Edward Wardell, a native of York- shire, England. He located here in September, 1819, having bought 250 acres of land of H. W. Drinker, at $5 p2r acre. His house was of hewn logs, and stood be- tween the site of the residence of E. Wardell and the Spring Brook road. The next settler, coming a week later, was David Dale, also from England, after whom the village was named. His log cabin stood in the rear of the hotel now kept by Lewis Jones. He bought of H. W. Drinker the land on which most of the village is situated. The next settlers were Matthew Hodson, Robert Roseman, John Fish and Frederick Raish. The first wheat crop in this part of the township was raised by Edward Wardell and David Dale, in 1820. It was sown in the fall of 1819. The first frame house in Daleville was built in 1826 by Edward Wardell, where he now resides. The present hotel was built in 1827, by David Dale. The pioneer blacksmith in Daleville was Thomas White. His shop stood where William Dale's store now stands. The first shoemaker was George White. His shop stood directly opposite Dale's store. Mrs. Sarah Raish was the pioneer weaver. Mr. Miller's house stood on the site of Mrs. Raish's log cabin. The pioneer merchant in this village was Mr. Dale, the present merchant. His old store was on the opposite side of the road, at the north side of the cemetery. He commenced business here in 183 1. The next store was opened the same year by Levi Lillibridge, in the front room of E. Wardell's house. The first tavern at this place was opened by David Dale in 1827. The same house is now occupied by Lewis Jones as a hotel. The next tavern was one kept a few years by E. Wardell where he now lives. Amasa HoUister kept tavern where Frank HoUister now lives. In 1856 E. Wardell built the store opposite his present residence, where he was engaged in the mercantile business several years. The pioneer phy- sician hereabouts was Dr. C. Frieschkorn, who is still in practice. The first couple married in Daleville (1823) were Mr. John Dale and Miss Ellen Yates, of Philadel- phia. The next were E. Wardell, jr., and wife. The =^H ^> -'hich was at Levi Wetherby's barn, as the most central point and most commodious place in which to hold services. He filled this appointment several years. Whenever the weather was too cold for services in the barn they were held at some of the pioneer cabins. ' lVo?-t/i Baptist Church. — This organization has a meet- ing house on the west line of the township. The asso- ciation of the Six Principle Baptist church met at this place November 22nd, 1852, organized a church and chose Elder James Brown as pastor iir.d Daniel Green and John Worth as deacons. Trustees were also elected, and a building committee appointed to finish the meet- ing house, which had been commenced some time previous. The meeting house was built by a stock com- pany, with shares at $ro each, and each share was entitled to one vote in all business matters pertaining to the church property. It was dedicated November 7th, 1873, ^nd cost $1,400. There were then about fifty mem- bers. The following pastors have served this church: Elders James Brown, Joshua Baker, S. E. Miller, William A. Miller, Charles Tower, Mark Paiks and Benjamin Miller. The present deacon is John Worth; church clerk, John L.Worth. The membership is 55. The Sundaj -school has an average attendance of 50 pupils. Z. Cure is the Superintendent. " Tlte General Six Principle Baptist Church " was or- ganized February 7th, 1872, at the meeting house known by some as Thorn Hill church. At that time there were 42 members. Their church edifice was commenced in 1854, but was not completed till 1865 or 1866. The original members were formerly connected with those at Worth church, and up to 1872 the same pastors served both churches. The present membership is 41. The pastor is Elder A. J. Harrington; church clerk, J. A. Felts. Bree- IViil Baptist Church. — The following were among the early members, and probably the first: Deacon Solo- mon Finch, Joseph Avery and wife, John Avery and wife, Mrs. John Rivenburg, Laura Wedeman, Mrs. Simp- son and Sally Finch. The church edifice was dedicated in September, 1870. Elder Halloway Clancey was the first pastor. He was succeeded by Elders Greer and Alva Fisher. The latter left in 1878. Since then there has been no pastor. The Methodist Episcopal Church was started by Rev. Silas Comfort, at the house of Leonard Spencer, on the site of the residence of H. C. Spencer. Among the first members were George, Albert and Richard Graves and their wives, Polly and Susan Hutchins, Samuel Hutchins and wife, Homer, Elisha and Rufus Davidson and their wives and Mr. and Mrs. P. Finn. The class was subse- quently transferred to Tompkinsville, where in 1851 the society built a neat and substantial church, with a seat- ing capacity of 200. JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP. I^^SFLTHOUGH Jefferson township was only 'ttiylL^i formed in 1836, from Providence township, .its settlement dates back to 1781 or 1782, when John Somers made a clearing at the foot of Cobb's mountain, about thirty rods a-'as' *^^' °^ where Asa Cobb now lives. In 1784 he ■^■^ sold to Asa Cobb, grandfather of the present owner, who became the first permanent settler. His cabm offered hospitality lo all passing between the \Vyo- ming valley and Connecticut It was for many years the ^ only habitation between Dunmore and the Little Mead- ows, in Wayne county. The next settler, Elisha Potter, made a clearing and a log cabin in 1795 on the Army road, near the site of the saw-mill of E. S. H. & J. Cobb. An Indian trail ran in nearly an east and west course across the township, south of Moosic lake and north- westerly to the top of Cobb's mountain, which was a place for signal fires. On this mountain was found at an early day a large quantity of implements used by the savages both in hunting and war. There was also an Indian camping ground about a mile north of J. Kizer's, near A. C. Beemer's place. The Moosic or Cobb's mountain, interposing its gran- ite bowlders between Jefferson and the Lackawanna, has shut off all traces of coal formation, yet coal was discov- ered east of this range more than a quarter of a century ago, where an inventive genius had deposited it, having been promised a farm by the owner of the land should he find coal. He got his farm, and the capitalist and pros- pector lived long afterward to join in a hearty laugh over what at least one of the parties considered a good joke. As late as 1830 there were but very few settlers in the township. Some had settled on the old Army road, and others at long intervals along the foot of Moosic moun- tain, as far up as Rider's gap. In 1830 Jacob Kizer lo- cated where he still lives. He was born in New Jersey, in 1800. His wife, whose maiden name was Mary Emory, was also a native of New Jersey. Mr. Kizer bought land of John Spangenburg. He is a veteran hunter and the hero of numerous exciting and amusing " bear stories." Rider's gap, in the north part of the township, was named after John Rider, who located where Jonathan Swingle now lives. Joel Beers came about 1828 or 1830 and bought a place of Asa Cobb, on the Mountain road, near the Cobb road, where he lived the remainder of his days. Among the other inhabitants in 1830 we find John Swingle, Charles Potter, William Barlow, Abrara Beards- ley, John Sharp, Conrad Swingle and Alonzo ColHns; the last named in 1830 married Miss Abigail Spangenburg. Most of these settlers came from Orange county, N. Y. A church was organized as early as 1825 by William Barlow, a Methodist Protestant preacher. Joseph Zuilaer, Michael Mack and Michael Henforth were among the early members. The first saw-mill was built in 1836 by Alanson Stevens, where the Lehigh and Wilkes-Barre turnpike crosses the Moosic creek. The property is now owned and operated by E. S. H. and J. Cobb. Another saw-mill was built about the same time by William Barlow, on the Mountain creek, where it crosses tlie Mountain road. The next was built by Jacob Kizer, east of his present residence. Mr. Kizer also had a mill at Shaver hollow. The steam and water saw-mills now owned and operated by the Kizer brothers were built originally by George Spangen- burg. The pioneer tannery was built by Asa Cobb and M. McKinney in 1835, near where Asa Cobb now lives. The vats were troughs dug out of large logs. The tannery now operated by H. B. Loveland was built by Horace Kinney. It is now owned by Mr. Kelly. The pioneer store was opened by John Loveland, who had a harness shop in connection with it. a little west of Mr. Cobb's residence. In 1848, and for a few years sub- sequent, Miles & Stanton kept a store in the wagon house of J. Kizer. The first tavern was kept by Asa Cobb, as early as 1800, on the old Cobb place. This was on the main thoroughfare from Connecticut and other eastern points to the Wyoming valley, and became one of the most popular resorts and stopping places on the whole route. The first school-house was built by B. Myers, in 1835, with funds subscribed. It was about three- quarters of a mile east of Cobb's, on the turnpike. The first teacher here was John Swingle, and the only surviving pupils are Asa and Amy Cobb. The first school, however, was taught by Miss Maria Waters, in a log bam on John Swingle's farm, now owned by Charles Hoffman. Asa and Amy Cobb studied here. The second school-house was built in 1835, at the fork of the roads north of Jacob Kizer's, and the first teacher here was a Mr. Chamberlain. Some of the surviving pupils are Zachary, John, Susan, J. E. and E. Kizer; Maria, Holley, George and Andrew Spangenburg and John Collins. The oldest grave-yard in the township is on the Elisha Potter place on the east boundary line; the first body buried there was that of Asa Cobb, sen., who died in 1808. The first postmaster was A. L. Burns. He kept the office at his house on the Canaan road. Joseph Myers now owns the place. The first mail carrier was Jacob Myers. The first bridge was built in 1826, across the Moosic Lake creek at Cobb's Mills. The population of this township waj 776 in 1870 and 794 in 1880. The following is a list of the justices of the peace for lefferson township, with the years of their election : Jacob Kizer, 1840; Jacob Myers, 1845; Jairus M. Buck- ingham, 1847; Jacob E. Myers, 1850, 1865, 1870; C. S. Cobb, 1855, i860; Marcus Day, 1855, i860; Asa Cobb, 1840, 1865, 1870; James L. Brown, 1875; H. V. Mitchell, 1877; Frank Raushmire, 1878. Pioneer Roads. In 1769 a narrow road, long called the "Cobb road," was opened from the province of New York to the Wyo- ming valley. This was the only road entering the valley from the eastward from 1769 to 1772. Among the fur traders traversing this lone forest path was the afterward celebrated John Jacob Astor. In 1793 there were but three dwellings on this road from the Paupack clearings, in Wayne county, to the Lackawanna — one at Little Meadows, Cobb's, and Allsworth's, at Dunmore. This road is known also as the " old Army road," over which Sullivan marched a portion of his troops in 1779, on their way to the Wyoming valley and thence to western New =^H ^h 480 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY York. The Luzerne and Wayne Turnpike Company fol- lowed nearly the line of the old Army road when it built its turnpike in 1826 and 1827; and this route is known as the Cobb road, Army road and Luzerne and Wayne turn- pike. The second road is the one running from W. L. Peek's, on the Cobb road, to near J. Swingle's place, in the north- east part of the township, and known as the Mountain road, from the fact of its running along the foot of Ca- poose or Cobb mountain. Villages. No. 21. — This is the number of a plane on the Penn- sylvania Coal Company's gravity railroad. In 1847, when the road was building, this became a center. Settlers came, and at present there are about 200 inhabitants. There are here the stores of G. M. & A. S. Keyes and B. J. Cameron, and the hotel kept by Alpheus Compton. Blacksmithing is done by J. L. Brown. The shoemakers are J. H. Edwards and H. T>. Spangenburg. A post-office under the name of Drinker was established here in 1878, with G. M. Keyes as postmaster. Gravity Lodge, No. 945, I. O. of O. F. was organized April 6th, 1877, at No. 21, with the following officers: Asa Compton, N. G.; J. W. Fisher, V. G.; S. S. Swartz, secretary; J. L. Brown, assistant secretary; Rhodes Berry, treasurer. The chief officers in May, 1880, were: J. C. Lang, N. G.; N. Ferris, V. G.; J. L. Brown, secretary. The membership is 37. Kizkr's Mills is a hamlet of about 60 inhabitants. There are water and steam power saw-mills and a brush handle factory here. The steam saw-mill was built in 1875. The aver- age amount of lumber turned out by these mills is about 300,000 feet annually. J. E. Kizer is making all kinds of brush handles and other wooden ware. A post-office, named Kizer's, was established here in October, 1879, with H. A. Kizer as postmaster. Kizer's store was built in 1879. LACKAWANNA TOWNSHIP. HIS township was formed from portions of Pittston and Providence townships, in Janu- ary, 1839. The population in i88o was 5,822. Concerning the origin of the name a historian has written: " Lackawanna is a corruption of the Indian Lee-ha-iigh-hunt m Lec- haw-hatina; Lee-haw or Lee-ha, the prefix, sig- nifies the forks or points of intersection: hanna, as in Susquehanna,Tobyhanna, Toppahannock, Rappahannock, Tunkhannock and Tunkhanna, implies, in Indian lan- guage, a stream of water. Hence the name Lackawanna, the meeting of two streams." Lackawanna was settled by Connecticut Yankees as early as 1769 or 1770. This territory was a part of that in dispute between the Yankees and the Pennamites. Topez Williams, Silas Parks and Prince Alden, Connecti- cut claimants, were dispossessed by the Pennamites in 1770. In 1771 the following persons "drew lands in Lackawanny:" Jacob Anguish, Peter Daman, John Osborn, John Depeiw, Levi Green, Peter Matthews, James Hesdale, David Sanford, by Jenks Corey, David Brown, Martin Weilson, Elipolet Stevens, Daniel St. John, Elizar FiUsbury, Stephen Wilkox, Richard Wood- ward, Samujl Slaughter, Ebenezer West, Samuel Stubbs, by Austin Hunt; Ebenezer Marcy, by Isaac Allen, and Caleb Bates, by William Hopkins. In 1772 Jeremiah Blanchard, Abrara Harden, Richard West, Samuel Slater, John Corey, Daniel Haller, Joseph Fish and Ebenezer Bachus drew lots north of the Lackawanna river, and on the south side the following: Jonathan Corey, Ebenezer West, David Sanford, Abraham Utter, Stephen Harding, Ebenezer Marcy, Augustus Hunt, Captain Bates, David Brown and James Fledget. It was voted, April 25th, 1772, by the Susquehanna Company, " that those 35 men that is now in ye township of Lockavvorna shall be entitled to all ye Companyes Rights to sd. township." December 17th, 1771, it was voted that Joseph David Sanford, Barnabas Gary, Elezer Gary, jr., Arter French, John Frazier, Timothy Reine, jr., Stephen Harden and Caleb Bates " have each one a Settling Right in ye town- ship." Barnabas Carey built the first log cabin erected by the white man above the falls of the Lackawanna. The next year he sold his claim to " the eight meadow lott in ye township Lockaworna to Jeremiah Blanchard for thirteen pounds and four shillings." Constant Searles and John Phillips located in the valley in 1771. Frank Phillips, who was voted a "settling right "in December, 1771, was only fourteen years of age, and settled in the " gore," between Pittston and Providence. Six years later Phillips's farm was sold to hi-s son, John, for thirty pounds, current money. Phillips and his family were among those driven from their farms in 1784, in a manner so graphi- cally described by Hon. Charles Miner in nis history of Wyoming. After the compromising laws had pacified the valley PhiHips returned and took possession of his former farm. The Westmoreland records of 1772 inform us that "Augustine Hunt, one of ye Proprietors in ye Susque- hanna Purchois, has made a pitch of about one hundred and fifty acres of Land in Lockaworna township." The first saw and grist-mills were built by the town (then Pittston) in 1774, just below the falls on the Lacka- wanna river. In 1775 they were sold to Solomon Strong, and soon afterward were destroyed by a flood. In 1779 Mr. Keys built a saw-mill on one of the creeks emptying mto the Lackawanna, and the lumber for Lord Butler's dwelling in Wilkes-Barre was sawed at this mill and rafted down the river. The next mills were built along up the Lackawanna, and have gone to decay. Civil List of Lack.\wanna. The following were elected justices of the peace from 4" t MINES AND VILLAGES OF LACKAWANNA TOWNSHIP. 481 the ado])tion of the State constitution in 1838 to 1878, when the township was merged in Lackawanna county: Comer Phillips, 1840, 1845; James S. Kennedy, 1840; George W. Smith, 1848; Newman Brown, 1850; G. M. Miller, 1855, 1880; Andrew W. Wheeler, ISie; George W. Albright, 1858, 1859, 1811; John D. Miller, 1805; Lyman Drake, 1861, Robert Eng-liser, 1809; John Hale, 1873; Martin McDonough, 1872, 1877; Terrenoe MoAndrew, 1877. IjACkawanna's Coal Mines. Taylor shaft, a little north of Taylorsville, is owned by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Com- pany. In 1878 there were employed in this shaft 353 men and boys, who produced 102,392 tons of coal. Sloan shaft, owned by the same company, is in the north part of the township. There were employed at this shaft during 1878 317 men and boys, and the mine produced 97,840 tons. Bellevue slope and shaft, in the north corner of the township and owned by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, produced in 1878 126,540 tons of coal, employing 369 men and boys. Greenwood colliery, in the south part of the township, employed 393 men and boys in 1878, who pro- duced 139,44s tons of coal. Spring Brook colliery pro- duced 49,408 tons in 1878, employing 241 men and boys. Hampton shaft, on the boundary line of the towni^hip, is owned by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company. In 1878 there were 13 men and boys employed. Dodge shaft, in the north part of the township and owned by the same company, was idle during 1878. The same is true of Archbald shaft. Moosic. Moosic has a population of about 600. Here is the Langcliffe mission church, built in 1880 by the Moosic Powder Company, at a cost of about $4,000. The build- ing is of wood, in octagon form, covered with slate and has a bell tower in front. The windows are of stained glass; the seats are placed in semi-circular form, facing the north side, where is a beautiful platform of modern architecture. Rev. Andrew Brydie supplies the pulpit. There are also at this place six stores, four blacksmith shops, two lumber yards, two physicians, two hotels and the Moosic powder works. An account of the latter ap- pears on page 409, in the history of Scranton, where the general office is located. Taylorville. At Taylorville and in the immediate vicinity are the Taylor, Pyne, Archbald and Sibley coal mines. The first settlers were Eleazer Atherton, who located before 1800 where Ira C. Atherton now lives, and John Atherton, who settled in 1800, on the farm now owned by the D., L. & W. Railroad Company. Benjamin Pedrick came about the same time. The pioneer tavern was kept Casper Obendorfer, where Weber's Union Hotel now stands. The first store was kept by James A. Gordon in 1816, just below Ira C. Atherton's. Adam A. and John A. Coon came here in 1818. There are at this place six churches (Calvinistic Methodist, Methodist Episcopal, Welsh Congregational, Welsh Baptist, Primitive Methodist and Gernifn Baptist), nine stores, six taverns, a barber shop, two livery stables, an undertaker, two shoe shops, a meat market, a drug store, a school-house and about 3,000 inhabitants. The first church was built in 1848, in the cemetery op- posite the Union House, on Main street. SECRET SOCIETIES AT TAYLORVILLE. Martin Luther Lodge, No. 22, Junior American Protes- tant Association was organized April 23d, 1875, with the following charter members, who were also the first officers: Morgan J. Watkins, John Stone. Thomas W. Watkins, John Francis, John W. Reese, John Harris, Joseph R. Howells, Henry B. Jones, James Evans, David, James and Benjamin J. Thomas. It admits none but male Protestants, between the ages of 16 and 30. The membership is 48. The present officers are as follows: W. M., Thomas \V. Reese; W. D. M., John T. Reese; R. Sec, Joseph R. Howells; A. R. S., William J. Hoskin?; Treas,, Henry B. Jones; F. S., John T. Walkins; Chap., Thomas R. Davies; C, Thomas D. Jones; A C, Thomas Reynolds; I. T., Thomas Williams; O. T., William Carter. Temple of Love No. 7, /vorit\\ District D. — This tem- ple was instituted June 22nd, 187 1, with fifty char- ter members and the following officers: President, Rev. James R. Price; vice-president, William M.' Hughes; secretary, Evan W. Hughes. All temple business is transacted in the Welsh language. The temple property is valued at $200, besides a fund of $900 on interest. The present officers are: President, Thomas E. Evans; vice-president, James E. Rees; secretary, William J. Jones. Present membership 88. Other Villages At Minooka there is a Roman Catholic church, three or four stores, a small tavern, blacksmith, shoe and other shops, a school-house and about 500 inhabitants. Feltsville, named after Isaac P'elts, is a mining town owned by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, and has four or five hundred inhabi- tants. LEHIGH TOWNSHIP. 'PON the formation of Lackawanna county its southwestern line ran through the township of Buck, dividing it into nearly equal parts, and that portion lying east of the new line was subsequently named Lehigh, from the river. The first settler was Isaac Lewis, who is still living. He purchased land of Charles Terwilliger along the Lehigh river in the southeast corner of the township. He came in 1842 and built the first framed house in the township. The first year he was here he cleared thirty acres, planted it all to corn, and raised the first crop ^1= at 4- 482 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. raised in Lehigh. He was the first man married in this township. The pioneer school was kept in Mrs. G. F. Wardnall's house, near G. Chamberlain's, on the plank road, and the first school-house was built in 1870. It is known as the "Briar Patch" school-house and stands a little up from the plank road on the road to D. Nagle's saw-mill. There are now two school-houses. The first graveyard was the one near Mrs. Nagle's, and the first interment was that of Mrs. John Scott. The pioneer saw-mill was built by D. Nagle at the end of the highway leading up Choke creek. Among the other early settlers were G. Stinger, S. and H. Nagle, A. A. Chase, A. and G. Chamberlain, A. Her- bin, G. Rinker, Adam Gott, J. Williams, J. L. Scott and P. Vandom. The township is settled only along the Lehigh, and has a population of 793. GOULDSBOROUGH. iHIS borough was formed May 12th, 1871, from that part of Buck township, Luzerne county, which is now Lehigh, Lackawanna county. The first charter election was held May 30th, 1872, when the following officers were chosen: Burgess, James McAsy; councilmen, Charles F. Call, James H. Hoffman, J. C. Moe, William Mc- Daniel Snyder and James McAsy. James H. Hoffman was elected president and Charles F. Call secretary of the board of councilmen. The following persons have served as burgesses of the borouf^h: James Mc.^sy, 1872-74; William Leonard, 1875, 1876; Samuel Smith, 1877; John B.Gardner, 1878,1879; 1). S. Engler, 1880. The town council for 1S80 consisted of James McAsy (president], Simon Smith, A. Y. Transue and G. E. Brown (secretary). J. C. Moe was elected justice in 1S73, J. S. Bachman in 1874 and R. C. Drum in 1877. The population of the borough is 250. Settlement and Business History. Hon. James McAsy came to this place in April, 1856, with Colonel Zadoc Pratt, when not a tree had been cut except in making a roadway. He built on the site of the house now occupied by Mrs. McAsy, a little east of the borough. The first tannery here was built in 1856, by Zadoc Pratt and Jay Gould (since the world-renowned railroad operator), and operated by them from August, 1857, to February, 1859, when Pratt sold his share to Gould, who sold a two-third interest to Loup & Lee, of New York. This was an unhappy copartnership, resulting in the death of Mr. Loup. In i86o occurred the " Gouldsborough war,'' resulting in several persons being shot, and in Mr. Gould's gaining and retaining possession of the tannery property. Nothing remains of the tannery but the black- ened outlines. The pioneer store was built in 1856, by ^oseph Fenner, on the corner of the street opposite Hon. James McAsy's hotel. It is now occupied by Drum Brothers as a general dry goods and fancy store. The first postmaster was Jay Gould, appointed in 1856. The hotel now kepi by Hon. J. McAsy was built in 1858; he bought it in 1864, and has occupied it since 1865. The pioneer school-house was built in 1856; the pres- ent one in 1870. The second store was built by Hon. James McAsy in 1867, and he was in trade till 1870. Rev. R. C. Gill, pastor of the M. E. church, now lives in the building. The next store was built by Abial Leonard, opposite the M. E. church. In 1858 a plank road was built by a stock company from Gouldsborough to the Sand Cut station on the D., L. & W. railroad, a distance of eleven miles, at a cost of $22,000. It is still kept up as a toll road. In 1866 an establishment for extracting the juices from hemlock bark was built at this place by George Blakely, who operated it until 1868, when it was destroyed by fire. Woodlawn Tannery was built in 1867, by H. D. H. Sny- der, at a cost of $35,000, with a capacity for tanning an- nually 85,000 sides of leather. In 1873 it was purchased by Hoyt Brothers, of New York, by whom it is now op- erated. They also have a store, and a wagon and black- smith shop in connection with the tannery, and employ annually about 60 men. Churches. Methodist Episcopal. — As early as 1845 the itinerant preached at the "Briar Patch" school-house, about a mile and a half east of Gouldsborough. A class is said to have been formed from which resulted the building of the present Methodist Episcopal Church on Main street, in 1857 or 1858, at a cost of about $1,000. It is a very neat wooden building seating about 200. The present membership is 27. The Sunday-school numbers 60 pupils. Peter Wil- liams is superintendent. The pastors at Stoddardsville have been the preachers here. The Rev. Richard C. Gill is closing his third year's service in this place. Roman Catholic— '^\\e. Roman Catholic church at Gouldsliorough was dedicated November 9th, 1870, by Bishop O'Hara, of Scranton, assisted by Father McManiis, of Dunmore. It is of wood, 26 by 40 feet, and cost $1,400. The lot, on Main street, was donated by Hon. James McAsy, who was one of the original mem- bers. Others were Daniel, Patrick, John, Ann, Mary, Alice and Eliza McAsy. The present membership is 70. This is a mission church, and is attended by Rev. Father Broderick, of Dunmore. The value of the church prop- erty is $2,000. =^N ♦^^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, CLIFTON, COVINGTON, JEFFERSON, LEHIGH, MADISON, ROARING BROOK AND SPRING BROOK TOWNSHIPS AND GOULDSBORO. * Obadiah Arnold is a miller at Moscow. He was born in Stroudsburg, Pa., May 20th, 1844, and was married in 1872 to Miss Lucretia A. White, of Terry, Bradford county. Pa. Their children are : A. E., born July 17th, 1873, and Gracie E., born July 12th, 1879. J. S. Bachman is a carpenter by trade and justice of the peace, and from 1873 to 1877 was a councilman of Gouldsboro. He was born in Lehigh county. Pa., Feb- ruary 14th, 1838, and was married October nth, 1873, to Julia A. Gress, of Covington, Pa. They have five children. William K. Beck, manufacturer of all kinds of lum- ber at Beck's Mills, was born in Stockport, Pa., in 1849. He was married in 1870 to Miss H. M. Hollister, of Covington, Pa. They have five children. L. C. BoRTREE, farmer, was born in Moscow, Pa., June 24th, 1832. He served three years in the 199th Penn- sylvania volunteers, and has been deputy sheriff for twenty-two years. He was prominently active in quell- ing the riots at Scranton in 1877, and was three times honorably acquitted for the supposed shooting of Mollie Maguires during the riots. He was married January 28th, 1866, to Rebecca Wardell, of Covington, Pa. T. R. BowEN was born July 5th, 185 1, in Scranton, Pa., and went to Iowa in May, 1880. He is a tinsmith and dealer in hardware. William Bowen was born in South Wales, October x6th, 1822, came to America in 1849, located in Coving- ton in 1869, and died July 5th, 1877. His wife was Ann Powell, of South Wales. Mr. Bowen was a farmer at the time of his death. George E. Brown, superintendent of Woodlawn tan- nery, Gouldsboro, was born in Stamford, Conn., Novem- ber 13th, 1844. He was married January 27th, 1870, to Lizzie Maddock, of England. They have three children. George E. Chamberlain is a farmer and lumberman at Gouldsboro. He was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., March 21st, 1838. He paid $600 for a substitute during the civil war. He married Sarah Butler, of Wayne county. Pa. Alfred Chamberlain, also a farmer and lumberman, living at Gouldsboro, was born in Philadelphia, in 1822. He was married in 1863 to Emma L. Widnall, of Lon- don, England. They have five children. W. T. Clements, a merchant of the firm of Gaige & Clements, of Moscow, since 1864, was born November 6th, 1840, in Salem, Pa., and came to Moscow in Novem- ber, 1858. He was married to Miss Angelicher Yeager, September 13th, 1864. They have one child, H. L., born September 23d, 1873. Mr. C. is part owner of the grist-mill of H. L. Gaige & Co. Alpheus Compton, of Drinker, proprietor of the hotel at No. 21, was born February 8th, 1834, in Jefferson. His wife was Bedelia Simonds, of Ireland. Of their children Friend was born August 13th, 1874, and died January 6th, 1877. Cora, born August 21st, 1875, died November 21st, 1875. Fred, was born April 7th, 1878. Rev. Mark Dale is a farmer as well as a clergyman. He was born in Yorkshire, England, July ist, 1816, and located in Covington in 1840. He has held several township offices. He was first married in 1839, to Miss L. Tribley, who subsequently died. He was married July 4th, 1843, to Mary Ann Bennett. He is the father of thirteen children. William Dale is a merchant and lumber dealer, and postmaster at Daleville. He was born in England, in November, 1809, and married November 29th, 1834, Susan Hodgson, of Daleville. E. W. Davis, a great-great-grandson of Ebenezer Marcy, of Wyoming and Lackwanna fame, was born in Jersey City, N. J., November 12th, 1849, and came to Dunning in 1871, where he has been employed as rail- road station agent and telegraph operator. He was mar- ried in 1878 to Miss Sarah Noack, of Moscow, Pa. P. O. Dixon, proprietor of the Central Hotel, Mos- cow, was born in Dalton, Pa., in 1853. Patrick Doran, a farmer of Covington, was born in reliii, February 22nd, 1814; cams to America in 1838, and located in Covington in 1840. He served three years and three months in the 107th Pennsylvania vol- unteers. He was married August 13th, 1843, to Harriet H. Hands, of England. William H. Dotter is a millwright and lumberman. He was born in Carbon county, September 4th, 1845, and married in 1867 Maggie E. Bush, of Monroe county. Pa. A. R. Dunn was born in New Jersey, December 4th 1814. He came to Pennsylvania in 1848, and is a rail- road conductor. John Dunstone, a retired farmer of Moscow, was born in Somersetshire, England, in August, 1808, and lo- cated in Moscow in 1858. His wife was Mary Sparks, of Somerset, England. W. B. Edwards, undertaker and carriagemaker at Dunning, was born in Abington, Pa., May 27th, 1828. He was married in 1857 to Miss Ann Sherwood, of Blakely, Pa. William Ehrgood, manufacturer of woodenware at Moscow, was born in Greene, Pike county. Pa., January ist, 1842. He was married in 1867, to Julia Sayers, of White Haven, who was born January i8th, 1852. They have one child, Alvin B., born February loth, 1872. A. P. Gardner, M. D., proprietor and manager of Glen Home farm, was born in Warren, Orange county, N. Y., May 12th, 1S18, and was one of a family of seven children. His ancestors were from England, and located on Long Island. He graduated in New York in 1841, and located in Carbondale, Pa. In i860 he removed to his farm. His first wife was Elizabeth G. Gardner, who died in 1850, leaving two children. He was married in 1855 to his present wife, Mary Augusta Tremper, of Yates county, N. Y. Milton J. Gerhart was born in Bucks county. Pa., in 1826, and was married in 1847 to Miss Catharine M. Slate, of Sterling, Pa. They have had nine children. Mr. Gerhart has been in the milling business for thirty- six years. He was a member of the 203d Pa. volunteers. He is the inventor of Gerhart's buck huUer. Rev. Richard Chappell Gill was born in Barnsley, England, November' i6th, 1841. He was formerly a book-keeper. He is now a member of the Wyoming Conference, and stationed at Gouldsboro. His wife was Miss Elizabeth Temperton, of Lincolnshire, England. Charles A. Havenstrite was born in Montgomery county. Pa., February 25th, 1810. He was married May i6th, 1836, to Catharine Hunter, of Philadelphia, Pa. Their children are: Mary, born July 28th, 1838; James, August loth, 1840; William, October 21st, 1842 (died July 24th, 1843); Martha, born August 9th, 1844; Eme- line, September 26th, 1846 (died November 24th, 1850); Charles, born August 23d, 1849. Mr. Havenstrite is a retired farmer. Alanson Hind, a liveryman and farmer of Moscow, was born in Schoharie, N. Y., August 23d, 1823. He was a lieutenant in the old militia. He was married Jan- uary 23d, 1845, to Sarah J. Depew, of Pennsylvania, who was born in 1821. < 4S2A Hi- 4, 482 2>' HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. HoLGATE Brothers, at Holgate Mills, succeeded S. G. Holgate in 1873 in the manufacture of brush blocks of all kinds. M. W. Hurley, a native of Honesdale, Wayne county, Pa., was born October 27th, 1832. In his youth he learned the blacksmith's trade. In 1861 he enlisted in the 8th Pennsylvania volunteers for three months; afterward served three years as first sergeant of Company M 3d Illinois cavalry; was then detailed to the quartermaster's department and remained until the close of the war. In 1873 he married Miss Josephine Trible, of Daleville, Pa., where he engaged in blacksmithing, wagon making and farming. Lewis Jones, of Daleville, proprietor of the Daleville House, was born in Berlin, Pa., May 18th, 1846. He was first married September 29th, 1873, to Miss Myra Hine. He was married in 1879 to Mrs. Emma Smith. G. F. Smith, son of Mrs. Jones, was born March 17th, 1879. William H. Jones, of Yostville, is a farmer. He was born in Bucks county, Pa., May 3d, 1828. He located at Yostville when that place was a wilderness. He was married February 6th, 1848, to Mary C. Felts, who was born January 28th, 1828. A. S. Keyes, of the firm of A. S. & G. M. Keyes, at Drinker, or Plane No. 21, is engaged in a general mer- cantile business. He was born December 22nd, 1847, in Wayne county. Pa., and was married November 25th, 1869, to Martha Bunnell, of that county. Their children are: Minor E., born May 17th, 1871; Frank O., March 26th, 1873, and Ellis D., November 28th, 1874. G. M. Keyes was born in Dyberry, Pa., August 24lh, 1850, and was married November 19th, i86g, to Olive Allen, of Mount Pleasant, Pa. Jonathan E. Kizer, Kizer's Mills, was born in New Jersey, in 1830, and was married March 29th, 1863, to Lienor Bartlow, of Jefferson, Pa. They have five chil- dren. Mr. Kizer is the proprietor of the Jefferson saw and planing-mills, where he manufactures lumber and broom handles. Zachariah Kizer is a farmer and lumberman. He was born in Jefferson in 1832. His wife was Miss Mary Bartlow, of Jefferson. They were married in 1854 and have eight children living. John Latouche, railroad agent at Moscow, has been in the employ of the D., L. &W. Railroad since 1856. He was born in Union Village, Washington county, N. Y., February 23d, 1837. His wife was Elizabeth L. Depew, of Moscow. Mason D. Lear, foreman in Staples & Brown's clothes-pin factory, was born in Goshen, N. Y., Decem- ber 2nd, 1849. He was married September 19th, 1876, to Phebe C. Staples, of Spraguesville, Pa. Fred E. Lear, who is an engineer at Staples's steam mills, was born in Goshen, N. Y., January 17th, 1853. Hon. James McAsy, farmer and proprietor of the Gouldsboro House, was a member of the State Legis- lature for 1875 and 1876. He was born in Queens county, Ireland, July i6th, 1827, and married in 1874 Catharine Brannan, of Ulster county, N. Y. W. H. Reese is a contractor and lumberman, also postmaster at Clifton. He was born in Monroe county, Pa., December 29th, 1837, and in 1868 married Emma Smith, of Chestnut township, Pa. He served through the Rebellion with the Pennsylvania reserves, and was at one time a prisoner in the hands of the rebels. Merritt Scott, a farmer of Spring Brook, was born in Lackawanna, Pa., August 19th, 1823. He was mar- ried in April, 1842, to Julia A. Decker, of Lackawanna, Pa., and is the father of twelve children. Andrew Sheley is a blacksmith at Gouldsborough. He was born January 31st, 1832, in Warsock, N. Y. He was married September 2rst, 18^5, to Maria J. Sherman, of New York State. They have three children. Edward Simpson is a farmer and lumberman at Moscow. He was born at Stoddardsville, Pa., October 2rst, 1823. He was married in 1845 to Anna M. Smith, of Queen Anne county, Md. John Simpson, one of the pioneers of Turnersville, was born in the town of Armagh, County Tyrone, Ire- land, in December, 1789, and emigrated to Philadelphia about 1810. He married Mary McCurdy, who was born in Londonderry, Ireland, December 31st, 1792. They had seven sons and five daughters. In 1817 the family removed to Stoddardsville, Pa., and finally to Turners- ville. John Simpson died August 9th, 1866, having long filled a most important place in the community in which he lived. Samuel Snyder, blacksmith and laborer at Goulds- boro, was born in Jackson, Monroe county, Pa., Novem- ber 22nd, 1847. He was married in 1875, '° Sophia Deiter, of Monroe county, Pa. A. R. Spicer, book-keeper at Gouldsboro, was born in Wellsville, Allegany county, N. Y., June 27th, 1853. Daniel Staples is a merchant and manufacturer of clothes pins at Staplesville. He was born July 27th, 1829, in Stroudsburg, Pa. He was sutler of the i68th Pennsylvania volunteers. He was married May loth, 185 1, to Anna E. Eckert, of Northampton county, Pa., and is the father of nine children. Rev. B. F. Summerbell is in the mercantile business in Moscow. He was born in Peekskill, N. Y., Septem- ber 19th, 1819. His wife was Elizabeth Martin, of New Jersey. He was formerly a clergyman. Charles Sutter is a lumber contractor and farmer at Sand Cut. He was born in Germany, November 19th, 1843, and married July 4th, 1870, Ella English, of Brad- ford county. Pa. They have five children. Isaac Swarts, proprietor of the Valley House, at Moscow, was born in Dunmore, Pa., in 1826. His wife was Miss Elizabeth Biestcker, of Dunmore, Pa. John Thomas, a farmer of Spring Brook, was born in Wales, September 5th, 1847. His wife was Catharine Mathews, of Carbondale, Pa. Nathan Turner resides at Yostville. He was born in Orange county, N. Y., May i8th, 1827, and is the oldest resident of Spring Brook lownship. He was married in January, 1852, to Sarah Wilson, of Belvidere, N. J. He was a member of Company D 6ist Pennsylvania volun- teers during the Rebellion; is now an engineer. Henry Van Campen, farmer, was born July i6th, 1814, in Warren county, N. J. He was married in 1838 to Rebecca Hamilton, of Warren, N. J. Their children were John S., born April 6th, 1839, who died December 9th, 1871; and Henry O , born December 4th, 1S41, who died July 6th, 1866. C. J. Wardell, a lumberman of Daleville, was born at that place, June 25th, 1849. Henry Wardell was born in England, in 1810, and came to America in 1819. He was married in 1833, to Isabella Airay, of Worthington, England. They have had thirteen children, ten of whom are living. Mr. Wardell IS a farmer. W. W. Webster, of Daleville, a retired farmer, was born in York, England, August 14th, t8io, and came to America in 1833. He was married September 14th, 1835, to Miss C. A. Merkles, of Germany. They have ten children. Rev. W. B. Westlake, pastor of the M. E. Church at Moscow, was born September 27th, 1831, in Newburgh, N. Y. He was married October 27th, 1875, to Lizzie Emory, of Montrose, Pa. He entered the Wyoming Conference in 1863. + MADISON TOWNSHIP. N August 7th, 1849, this township was formed from Covington and Jefferson, and was named in honor of James Madison, because it adjoins a township named in honor of another President of the United States. It had r,53o inhabitants in 1S79, and 1,041 in 1880. The pioneer settlers were Thomas Biesecker and Richard Edwards, who in the fall of 1824 located on a lot warranted to Thomas Match, in the northwest part of the township, where they built log cabins, and in January, 1825, they moved their families into them. The farm on which Mr. Biesecker located is owned by Peter Swartz. John H. Edwards, a descendant of the pioneer Edwards, owns and occupies the farm on which Richard located. The next settler was Thomas Depew, who is still living, and to whom we are indebted for much valuable informa- tion. He located May 26th, 1825, on the lot where he still lives. It was surveyed by Henry Drinker and war- ranted to John McClennan. Mr. Depew, until age and infirmity prevented, was one of the most enterprising farmers in the township. He also practiced surveying till the autumn of 1879. He was born in Wales, Sussex county, N. J., in 1795, ^nd was married in Providence, Pa., July 4th, 1816, to Miss Abigail Rice, of Old Stock- bridge, Mass. She is still living, and in possession of all her faculties. The first framed house was built by Mr. Depew in 1830, on the site of his present residence. He also built the first framed barn, in 1825. It is still in good condition. Depew and Thomas Biesecker each raised a few acres of winter wheat in 1826, the first in the township. The first orchard was set out in 1826 or 1827 by Mr. Depew, on his present farm. The first road laid out ran from Pole ridge northeast- erly through to Hartford, in Wayne county. The Drinker turnpike was built through this township during 1826 and 1827. The first bridge was built over Roaring brook at Madisonville in 1830, by Nathaniel Carter. An iron bridge has superseded it. The pioneer school-house was built about 1830, by Thomas Depew, near where William Swartz now lives, and was known as the Bear Creek school-house. It is now being used by William Swartz as a wagon shed. Mahala and Abram Depew, who are still living, were among the pioneer pupils. Levi Depew built a small grist-mill in 1836 on the site of Ives's furnace, and about 1830 he built a log house on or near the site of M. J. Robinson's house. The first marriage was that of Thomas J. Edwards to Miss Eliza Carter, in 1827 or 1828. The first death was that of Merritt Depew, November 27th, 1838. The oldest public burying ground is the one at the Bear Creek school-house. The land was donated to the township for burial purposes by Henry Drinker. The pioneer postmaster was Thomas Depew, who was appointed about 1835, and kept the ofifice in the old house on the site of his present residence. He procured the establishment of a mail route from Hamilton, in Wayne county, to Daleville. Abel Wright carried the mail, on foot, once a week each way. The first collector elected after the formation of the township was Edward Simpson, Esq. Justices of the peace for this township have been elected as follows: Joseph Potter, 1850, i860; Gilbert Dunning, 1852; Irvin Ives, 1855; Stephen S. Welch, 1858, r868; Franklin Lan- caster, 1865, 1870, 1875; John Evans, 1877. Union Methodist Episcopal Church. For many years previous to the organization of a class there was preaching here by the Methodist itinerant. The first Methodist class here was formed in 1852, by Rev. Peter J. Coxe, of the Philadelphia Conference. The members were P. V. Bross and wife, Charles and Abigail Swartz, Thomas and Abigail Depew, Philip and Elizabeth Weldy, Adam and Ella Yeager, Daniel and Susan Evans and Mahala Schoonover. Mr. Bross was appointed class leader. This was then a part of the " Union charge.'' The church is of wood, 30 by 40 fee', cost $800, and has a seating capacity of 250. It stands at the " Union " crossing, a little northeast of the village of Madisonville. The society has a membership of 25. The preachers here have been as follows: 1872-74, S. F. Wright; 1874-77, Joseph T. Burrall; 1877-80, Joseph G. Stevens. The Sunday-school was organized in 1872, with 20 scholars, and Michael Mitchell as superintendent. Charles Swartz is the present superintendent. The Union Horse Company, of Madison, Covington and Spring Brook townships, was incorporated April 23d, 1866, the object being to capture horse thieves and recover stolen animals or pay losses sustained by members at the hands of thieves. Until the election of officers F. W. Wambacker served as president, Charles A. Havenstrite secretary, and Samuel Swartz- treasurer. The following is a list of the first officers and commit- tees elected by this company: L. C. Bortree, president; G. Y. Haines, secretary; Isaac Swartz, treasurer; B. F. Hollister and George Swartz, captains; Alanson Hinds, express rider; G. W. Swartz, Irvin Ives, Anson Swingle, Joseph Loveland, William Yeager and Peter Frederick, committee of six; Alfred Wilcox, F. W. Wambacker and Charles Swartz, committee on accounts. The officers for 1880 were: L. C. Bortree, president; Isaac Swartz, treas- urer; Frank Lankester, secretary. MOSCOW. This village, the principal one of the township, was so named by Henry W. Drinker, from the fact that there were living here a number of natives of the famous Rus- sian city of that name. -=^* 4- 484 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. As soon as Mr. Drinker had commenced work on his turnpike settlers began to locate along the road, and com- menced opening this previously undeveloped wilderness. The first settler at Moscow was Rev. Peter Rupert, who had been a Lutheran preacher. On the north side of Cis creek and the west side of the turnpike can be seen the outline of an old cellar. Over this spot Mr. Rupert built in 1830 the pioneer log house. Here he opened a tavern. The principal fare was pork and beans and New England rum. Mr. Rupert owned the whole site of Moscow, and sold it in 1850 to the Scranton Iron Company for |i, 000. The first saw-mill here was built by Mr. Rupert in 1831, on Roaring brook, just above the mouth of Cis creek. It soon gave place to others. Mr. Rupert also built the first framed house, on the site of the old log cabin. It was a one-story house with a shed roof. The next settler, George Swartz, in 1830 built a log cabin where now stand"; the ele;.,':uit mnnsion of Edward Simpson. Mr. Swartz is a shoemaker, and worked at his trade for Mr. Drinker during the building of the turn- pike, keeping the men in boots and shoes, taking half his pay in cash and half in land. The land is that on which Mr. Simpson lives. While thus engaged he acquired the title of " Turnpike George." He moved into his log house on the third Sunday in May, 1830. It was quite uncomfortable, without windows, doors, or chimney, as two feet of snow fell that day and night. The pioneer school-house was built in 1838 or 1839, on the site of Gaige & Clements's store. It was used for church purposes until 1852. The first teacher here was Elijah Depew, and some of the surviving pupils are E. Simpson, Jacob and Charles Swartz, Fanny Gritfin, Sally Jane Hines, Joseph and Henry Loveland and Hiram De- pew. The first marriage in the village was that of Leander L. Griffin, in 1852, to Miss Emeline Swartz. The first death was that of a daughter of George Swartz. The first postmaster at Moscow was Leander L. Griffin. He kept the office from 1852 to 1856 in his store, which stood on the site of the one now kept by O. E. Vaughn, who is the present postmaster. A stage line was established in 1848 from Strouds- burgh to Scranton, running over the Drinker turnpike, and in 1856 the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad was completed through this village. John La- tousche has ever since been station agent. George Swartz was the first and is the present mail carrier. He first carried the mail from Moscow to Clifton, and now carries it from Moscow to Spring Brook. The first saw-mill, built by Peter Rupert in 1831, has long since gone to decay. The next saw-mill was built by Storms & Gardner in 1855; it is now owned by the estate of E. Hermans, of Hyde Park. The third is the steam saw-mill in the western part of the village, built by C. P. Van Brunt and still owned and operated by him. The next was a steam saw-mill, built by William E. Dodge, on the site of Rupert's garden. It was burned and the site is now owned by Rev. N. G Parke, of Pitts- ton. The first grist-mill after that built in 1836 by Levi Depew and rebuilt in 1842 by Joseph Potter was begun in 1868 by Mr. Ehrgood, and finished in 1873. It is still operated by him and stands on Mill street. The steam grist-mill on Mill street was built in 1873, by H. L. Gaige & Co., and it is now owned and operated by Gaige & Clements. The pioneer merchant was Leander L. Griffin. His first store was on the vacant lot opposite the depot. He soon after built one on the site of Vaughn's store. He sold in 1856 to William Dale and Edward Simpson, and they in 1862 to Smith & Dale. The store was burned and the lot sold to S. W. Wykoff, who built the present store building. The next merchant was Joseph Loveland, who built a store between the sites of the Moscow House and Pelton's store. This was burned in March, 1870. In 1857 Yeager & Gaige commenced the mercantile business, and the firm was soon after changed to Gaige & Clements. Tunstall & Pelton were the next merchants. They were burned out in 1879, and the same year Frank Pelton built his present store on the site of the old hotel at the corner of Main and Church streets. In 1877 B. F. Summerbell opened his dry goods and grocery store on Mill street. The first tavern was that of Rev. Peter Rupert, already described. The next one was built in 1856 or 1857, by William and Roswell Noble, on the site of Frank Pelton's store. They sold to Elias Swartz, and to Mr. Townsend. This hotel was burned in 1867. The Moscow House, Main and Factory streets, was built in 1859, by Martin Reap, who sold to Mr. Keller, the present proprietor. The Valley House, at the foot of Mill street, was built in 1873 o"" 1874, by Lyman Dixon, and sold in 1879 to Isaac Swartz, the present proprietor. The Moscow cemetery was first located on land now occupied by the D., L. and W. Railroad, north of the depot. The land was bought of Rev. Peter Rupert. The rail- road company gave the cemetery association the present cemetery lot on Rupert hill and $75 in cash for the original lot, through which their road runs. The graded school building was erected in 1872; is of wood, two stories high, and cost $5,000. The Roman Catholic church on Rupert hill was built in 1872 or 1873. The first resident physician and druggist in the village was Dr. Wilbur, who is still practicing here. He was followed by Dr. E. A. Glover. Dr. C. Frischkorn, who lives just out of the village, in the township of Covington, located there about 1850, and is still in practice. There are now two churches — Methodist Episcopal and Roman Catholic; three hotels— the Moscow House, Valley House and Dixon House; the stores of B. F. Summerbell, Gaige & Clements, O. E. Vaughn and Frank Pelton; the grocery and livery stable of A. Hinds; harness shop, jewelry store, two blacksmith shops, the furniture store of G. S. Brown, two shingle-mill.s, two grist-mills, the foundry of Irving Ives, one saw-mill, a railroad depot, a school-house, and about 300 inhabitants. Samuel Carey, jr., now a resident of Moscow, was a private in Captain Peter Hallock's company of Pennsyl- 4¥ ^¥ <'. VILLAGES IN MADISON TOWNSHIP— MOSCOW M. E. CHURCH AND LODGES. 48s vania militia in the war of 1812, and holds a pension certificate. METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF MOSCOW. The class from which this church grew was organized by William Noble, a local preacher from Sterling, at Dale- ville, in 1826. This was the first religious organization in Covington township. Its members were Thomas Depew, John Fish and wife, Frederick Rush and wife, and Mrs Dale, wife of the elder David Dale. Soon after the or- ganization Mrs. Thomas Depew, Mrs. Wardell, mother of Edward Wardell, and Mrs. Lucy Rice, mother of Mrs. Depew, united. Thomas Depew was leader. The appointment was a part of the Canaan circuit, Oneida conference. In 1828 Rev. Vincent M. Coryell was on the Canaan circuit, and preached here. Among his successors were Revs. Benjamin Ellis, Morgan Rugor, William Reddy and Abel Barber. When William Reddy and Abel Barber were on the circuit — in 1836 — the meet- ings of the society were held at Joseph Loveland's house, on the Daleville road, near Moscow. Afterward they were held at the Rupert House, near the culvert of the D., L. and W. Railroad. After the school-house was built on the site of Gaige & Clements's store the meetings were held there till the church was built. After Thomas Depew Owen Simpson was class leader till 1859. Since then George Swartz has been leader. This territory seems to have been in the Philadelphia conference from 1836 or 1840 till 1852, and had the fol- lowing pastors: Revs. P. J. Coxe, Philo Blackman, Mc- Farland, Calaway, Pearsall, William Walton, Munger, Hare and Frederick lUman. During the administration of the latter it was transferred to the Wyoming confer- ence, and with it the incumbent. In 1853, and for several years thereafter, the charge was known as Madison mission, of the Honesdale dis- trict. Rev. J. S. David was pastor. At this time it embraced Moscow, Turnersville, Union church and other school-house appointments. Under the super- vision of Mr. David the present church building was commenced. George Swartz and his cousin. George W. Swartz, rendered indispensable aid in collecting funds. Tfie church was dedicated in the winter of 1855. Charles White was pastor. Abel Barker preached the dedicatory sermon. Dr. N. Round, P. E., conducted the dedicatory services. Since its connection with the Wyoming conference the following is a consecutive list of pastors: Frederick Illman, 1852; J. S. David, 1853, 1854; Charles White, 1855; William Shup, 1856, 1857; C.C. Smith, 1858, 1859; J. L. Race, i860; A. J. Van Cleft, i86i; David Personeus, 1862; H. Stanley, 1863; J. T. Crowell, 1864, 1865; G. M. Chamberlain, 1866, 1868; G. A. Severson, 1869-71; J. C. Leacock, 1872, 1873; I. B. Hyde, 1874; S. C. Austin, 187s, 1876; G. M. Colville, 1877, 1878; W. B. Westlake, 1879, 1880. LODGES AT MOSCOW. Moscow Lodge, No. 703, /. O. of O. F. was instituted March 30th, 1870. The following first oflHcers comprised air the charter members except S. G. Coglizer: Franklin Lancaster, N. G.; William, H. Brindle, V. G.; William Brown, secretary; A. Caterson, assistant secretary; C. P. Van Brunt, treasurer; W. S. Watrous, R. S. N. G.; B. E. Mitchell, L. S. N. G.; D. K. Watrous, conductor; O. S. Wilcox, R. S. S.; F. Striker, L. S. S.; J. H. Depew, O. G.; D. A. Wilder, I. G.; J. A. Hallett, R. S. V. G.; and W. J. Smith, L. S. V. G. The membership is 69. The officers for the present term (May, 1880) are as follows: John Smith, N. G.; J. McCarty, V. G.; C. P. Van Brunt, Sec; Moses Davis, A. S.; Fianklin Lancaster, treasurer. Moscow Lodge, No. 504, F. and A. M. was instituted April 12th, 1872, \^ith 14 charter members. The original officers were: W. M., Jacob H. Pile; S. W., Albert L Ackerly; J. W., Elijah A. Glover; secretary, Daniel Staples; treasurer, Henry L. Gaige. The present membership is 35. The officers of the lodge for 1880 were: A. H. Bortree, W. M.; E. T. Swartz, S. W.; Peter Walters, J. W.; W. A. Holgate, secretary; Isaac Swartz, treasurer; Chester Swartz, tiler. Clarksville was first settled by Philip Weldy, who deeded the land to his son Isaac, and he to Dr. Milton Clark, from whom the hamlet is named. He came here in 1848. There was once a considerable business done here. Charles Frazer built and operated a sash and blind factory, and there was a steam planing-mill. F. M. Depew kept a store a few years. Mr. Clark (a "Christian") preached several years at Madisonville. He died in 1873. Carey's Corners. This hamlet was named after Parker Carey, who was the first settler, locating where Mrs. Carey now lives. Benjamin Pedrick, another early settler, located above the Corners,where Mrs. Pedrick now lives. Dr.Charles H. Fikes has practiced here since 1876. John Alt, the village blacksmith, came in i860; Peter Alt in 1840, since when he has worked at the tailors' trade. The carpenter of the hamlet is George Markley, who came in 1876. Samuel J. Hornbecker, shoemaker, moved here in 1868. Madison Hall, a wooden building, twenty-two by thirty- six feet, built in 1868, is used by the Good Templars. It was built by a stock company, and cost $600. The pop- ulation of the place is about 75. Madisonville. This viltage was first settled by William Evans, a farmer, in 1830. The first business establishment was the store kejn by Collins & Swartz, in 1854. They were succeeded by John Evans.son of William Evans, in 1856; he by Philip Callender in 1869; Callender by Myers & Summerbell in 1876, and the business was carried on by B. S. Myers in 1878 and 1879. A new store house was built by John Evans in 1878-79, and business resumed in it by him in December, 1879. -f' '^ ^ two-story building, the lower part occupied by Mr. Evans as a general dry goods and *^= =^^ A. 486 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. grocery store, and the upper part as a hall, locally known as Evans's Hall. This is the only store here. There are about 60 inhabitants, a "Christian" church, the steam saw-mill of Irving Ives, a school-house and blacksmith shop. John Evans was the first postmaster, and his wife, Mrs. Ella Evans, is now postmistress. The burying ground at Madisonville was donated by Henry W. Drinker, who gave eighty acres for both school and burial purposes. The school-house was built in 1835, and stands at the crossing half a mile north of the vil- lage. The " Christian " Church at Madisonville was organ- ized in the spring of 1842, at Bear brook school-house, by Elder William Lane, assisted by J. I. Harvey. The original members were Isaac Depew, B. L. and Mary A. Beemer, Samuel and Elizabeth Swartz and Samuel Hornbaker. Isaac Depew and Samuel Hornbaker were appointed elders and B. L. Beemer church clerk. The meeting house was built in 1852, at a cost of $950. It was built by contribution, and is free for all denomina- tions when not in use by the "Christians." The lot was donated by William Evans. The first pastor was Elder Alva Harmans. Milton Clark was pastor from 1848 till his death in 1873. The next pastor, Elder Hrnry Block, was succeeded after a year by Elder N. Russell (1874 and 1875), when Elder William Hornbaker preached one year (1876). Elder B. F. Summerbell supplied the pulpit for 1877-79. Ths present pastor is P. R. Pitman, from Carverville, Pa. The deacoiis are Samuel Swartz, J. D. Hendershot, William N. Hockenberg, J. S. Hornbaker and Thomas Walters; Elders — Samuel Hornbaker, John Evans, Isaac Biesecker, Eneas Swartz and Peter Hornbaker; church clerk, T. Walters; Trustees — Samuel Hornbaker, Thomas Walters, Isaac Biesecker, Peter Hornbaker and John Evans. The membership is 36. The Sunday-school organized in 1852 with 50 scholars, Samuel Hornbaker superintend- ent. The present number is 80; P. R. Pitman is superin- tendent and Reuben Noack assistant superintendent. Madisonville Lodge, No. 222, /. O. of G. T. was instituted September 5th, 1866, with 22 charter members. The original officers were: Irving Ives, W. C. T. ; Mary Sipe, W. V. T.; John Montgomery, W. S.; William Hornbaker, W. C, ; Samuel Hornbaker, W. T. ; Darius Finch, W. M. The lodge has initiated 500 members, and it is still flourishing. There are 27 members. The present officers are: Peter Hornbaker, W. C. T.; Hannah Hornbaker, W. V. T.; M. M. Evans, W. S.; I. E. Mead, W. T.; C. J. Anderson, W. F. S.; J. M. Horn- baker, W. M.; O. L. Mead, W. C. 4^= NEWTON TOWNSHIP. NTIL 1842 this was a part of Falls township. In that year Wyoming county was formed from Luzerne, the easterly line of the new county running through Falls township; and in 1844 that portion of Falls southeast of the new county line was organized into a township, and named Newton, as many of the first settlers were from a township of that name in Sussex county, N.J. Richard Gardner was the pioneer settler. He began a clearing (the present Kern farm) in 1803 and built a log house, but in 1807 sold out to Jesse Harding and moved to what is now Ransom township. Among the settlers that came soon after Gardner we find a Mr. Lutz, Zebulon Comstock, Elias Smith, Joseph Coon, John Mc- Millan, Charles McClusky, Parley Von Cleveland, Henry Walters, Henry Litts, Jacob Biesecker and Henry Beemer. Lutz located on the farm now owned and occupied by Henry Jacobs. Parley Von Cleveland located on the farm now owned by Henry Smith. Morgan J. Jones, a brother-in-law of Von Cleveland, located on the present farm of William Lacoe. James Williams took up the Van Sickler farm, where he died at an advanced age, syrrounded by a large family. The farm now owned by William Ayers was cleared up by Zephaniah Haven. Adam Thompson in 1819 located on the farm of Truman Knapp. Two of his children, John and Mrs. Jane Courtright, still reside in Newton. Lewis Casner came, as did most of the pioneer settlers, from Sussex county, N. J. He located on the farm now owned by his son, Samuel Casner. William A. Brink took a tract including the present farms of Amos Learn, jr., and William Shelly, sen., and the Williams farm on the mountain. He died in 1858, at an advanced age. Charles McClusky came from Orange county, N. Y., in i8i8, and located on the present Kern farm. He lived in the log cabin built by Richard Gardner several years. His nearest neighbor was Elias Smith, ten miles distant. Two of Mr. McClusky 's six children survive, viz., Timothy, who is still a resident of Newton, and a daughter living in Pittston. Joseph Coons came from Sussex county, N. J., in 1816, and located on the fine farm now owned by his son, John Coons. Elias Smith also came from New Jersey in 1816, and bought 400 acres, through which ran Gardner's creek. He built a log house and cut a wagon road from it to Ransom; there had been no foot path and not even a marked free to guide him to his place. Henry Litts came from Sussex county, N. J., about 1816, with all his earthly goods and his family loaded on a sled, drawn by one yoke of oxen. He found his way by the aid of marked trees. He lived in a log house many years. His family consisted of five sons and two daughters. In 1842 he built a framed house, now owned by his son Lewis. He died in 1864. He has a daughter, Mrs. Jane Thompson, living in Newton. Mrs. Litts was one of the first members of the Baptist church, and loved for her acts of kindness and Christian benevolence. She died in 1861. Henry Beemer was also a native of Sussex county, N. J. He cleared up a farm of which his sons, Sidney and Elias, retain a portion. Mr. Beemer died in 1863. Anthony Lacoe was born in France, March nth, 1780; came to Philadelphia in 1792. to Wilkes-Barre in 1810, and was married in 1811 to Miss Amelia Duprey, who died in 1844. He came to Newton in 1850 with his son's family, where he still resides. He is now in perfect 4^ t^h= GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, LACKAWANNA, NEWTON, OLD FORGE AND RANSOM TOWNSHIPS. A. B. M KINSTRY. This gentleman, whose extensive property is repre- sented among our illustrations, was born in Hudson county, N. J. His " Keystone Tannery " is the princi- pal institution of Schultzville. This village, how having about 200 inhabitants, was founded by John B. Schultz, who moved into Pennsylvania in the spring of 1858, from Illinois. In July of that year he commenced the erection of a large tannery, together with the other necessary building, for carrying on the tannery business — such as store, tenements, shop, etc. He carried on the business of tanning until January, 1866, when he sold the property to A. B. McKinstry and Nial T. Childs, of Ulster county, N. Y. They carried on the business until May 4th, 1876, at which time A. B. McKinstry purchased the interest of N. T. Childs, and from that time the business has been conducted under his name. The tannery is known as the " Keystone"; employs about 50 men, and has a capacity for tanning 40,000 hides of Union crop leather (worth $175,000) per annum. A farm of 500 acres (considered the largest and most productive in the county) is worked in connection with the tannery; over 300 tons of hay are cut annually besides other crops. The Gravel Pond farm of A. B. McKinstry, consisting of 105 acres, is situated in the borough of Glenburn, on the borders of Gravel Pond, two miles from Abington depot on the line of the D., L. & W. Railroad; 100 acres are in a good state of cultivation. The buildings are in fine condition. This place is particularly adapted for a summer resort, having the advantages of a tine grove on the border of the lake, and the lake itself being a fine place for boating and fishing. John Armfield resides at Moosic, and is a miner by occupation. He was born in Cheshire, England, August nth, 1838, and married Miss Martha Maynard, of Eng- land. Charles Aten is a native of Pittston; he was born in January, 1828, and married Henrietta Hoover, of Old Forge. He is a farmer. John Bacorn, a superintendent of the D., L. & W. stables at Scranton, is a native of Newark, N. J., and was born December 27th, 1822. He married Miss Clarissa Hess, of Morris county, N. J. She died July i8th, 1879. Philip Barrier was born in Monroe county, Pa., November sth, 1813, and in 1840 located in Ransom, where he carries on a farm. He married Miss Susan Dersheiraer, of Ransom. Joseph Beagle, lumberman and farmer, was born in Roaring Brook township, June 12 th, 1863. J. W. BoiCE, formerly chief of police in Scranton, is now superintendent of " Hillside farm," Scranton poor district. He was born in Walton, N. Y., June ist, 1840. His wife was Maggie Vannakin, of Hamden, N. Y. F. J. Boone was born in Columbia county. Pa., June 9th, 1845. He enlisted in February, 1863, in Company E 79th Pa. volunteers, and was discharged July 12th, 1865. His wife was Ella Coolbaugh, of Lackawanna. Mr. Boone is a foreman for the Pennsylvania Coal Com- pany. BuRREL Brace, who resides at Schultzville, was born in Wyoming county. Eli Brown was born in Scott township. Pa., Novem- ber i6th, 1858. He enlisted February 7th, 1865, in Co. A 147th Illinois volunteers, and was discharged February 7th, 1866. He was agent for the Pennsylvania Coal Company three years, and is now steward of the alms-house at Ransom. His wife was Frances E. Jakes, of North Moreland, Pa. Michael L. Carmody was born in Ireland, in 1858, and came to Waverly, N. Y., in 1863. He lost a foot in 1869 on the Erie railroad at Waverly, and subse- quently attended school four years under Prof. C. J. Lang. He is now employed by the P. & N. Y. Railroad Company at Coxton. Alexander Connell was born in Nova Scotia, June 30th, 1840. He is a general merchant. His wife was Elizabeth Campbell, of Lackawanna township. P. C. Connolly was born in Scranton, October 17th, 1850. He is engaged in the mercantile business, and is a school director in Lackawanna. Owen Connolly, merchant at Minooka, was born in Sligo, Ireland, in 182 1. He has been a school director for twelve years. He married Catharine Boland, of Sligo. George Coon, who resides in Mountain Valley, was born in Newton, Pa., March 6th, 1848, where he is now engaged in farming. His wife was Jane L. Moore, of Vernon, Wyoming county. Pa. M. H. Coon, farmer, was born May 21st, 1836, in Newton. He married Martha Bitton, of Falls township. Levi Coon was born in Newton, Pa., June 29th, 1834, and is a farmer. His wife was Eliza Hopkins, of Newton. H. S. Cooper, M. D., is practicing in Newton. He was born in Pittston, August 29th, 1822, and married Irene Green, of Abington, Pa. She died and he married Augusta A. Weed, of Stamford, Fairfield county, Conn. William Cornell is a farmer, carpenter and builder. Hh < ^h =4h 485^ HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. 4= He was born in Kent county, R. I., August loth, 1820. His wife was Mary Capwell, of Factoryville. W. F. CouRTRiGHT is a native of Stoddardsville, Pa., and was born May 23d, 1848. He is inside foreman for the Pennsylvania Coal Company at Old Forge. His wife was Miss Zilpha H. Winslow, of Wilmont, Pa. James Coyne, an engineer for the Pennsylvania Coal Company, was born in Durham, England, August 6th, 1850. His wife was Miss Ann Elizabeth Pointon, of Old Forge township. M. L. Coyne, who was born in Counts Roscommon, Ireland, in 1847, is now a foreman for the Pennsylvania Coal Company at Greenwood colliery. His wife was Catharine Sullivan, of Hyde Park. John B. Crowell was born in Plymouth, Pa., in November, 1840. He served three years in Company D iSth New York volunteers. His wife was Mary A. Jones, of Danville, Pa. Mr. Crowell is a miner. Elijah Dagger was born in Somersetshire, England, August 1 2th, 1844. His wife was Elizabeth Harris, of Monmouthshire, South Wales. Mr. D. is an inside fore- man for the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Company at Archbald. John Dersheimer is a native of Monroe county. Pa., and was born May 23d, 1822. His first wife was Mary E._ Cole, of Newton, who died September i8th, 1853. His second wife, formerly Harriet S. Smith, of Abington, died July 25th, 1878. His son J. W. is principal of the Commercial College at East Greenwich, R. I. Mr. D. has a daughter, Eva Mary. He is a farmer. Bernard Dersheimer is a farmer and is supervisor of Newton. He was born in Monroe county. Pa., Sep- tember 17th, 1822, and married Rosella Rozell, of New- ton, Pa. C. H. Dorr was born July 12th, 1847, in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., and is now a merchant at Old Forge. He enlisted November 7th, 1863, in Battery M 2nd Pa. Artillery, and was discharged February 6th, 1866. His wife was Miss Louise E. Smith, of Old Forge. Thomas Drake is a native of Ofd Forge, and was born December 25th, 1828. He is a farmer. He married Miss Eliza McHale, of Old Forge. L. K. Drake was born in Old Forge township, August 28th, 183s, and married Miss Hula A. Smith, of Old Forge. He is a retired merchant. A. F. DouD is an outside foreman for the Pennsylvania Coal Company. He was born in Madison, Conn., March 14th, 1834, and married Martha A. Knapp, of Olyphant, Pa. J. W. Fallon is a native of Roscommon, Ireland, and was born June 24th, 1834. He is now engaged in min- ing. His wife was Miss Mary Conhn, of Easton, Pa. Isaac B. Felts was born in Lackawanna township, August 2ist, 1820. He is a farmer, merchant and dealer in real estate. John Fern, superintendent of the Archbald mines, was born in Carbondale, March 14th, 1845. He enlisted August 9th, 1862, in Company I 132nd Pennsylvania volunteers, and was discharged May 24th, 1863. His wife was Euphemia B. Hall, of Bellevue, Pa. Peter Finkley, who is a farmer and gardener, was born July nth, 1829, in Prussia, His first wife, Mar- garet Harold, of Hanover, died March 28th, 185 1. His present wife was Lena Meltenberg, of Ransom, Pa. F. H. Freeman, gardener and dairy farmer, was born in Lisle, Broome county, N. Y., March i8th, 1850, and married Lizzie B. Smith, of Lackawanna. C. F. Garinger, of Moosic, was born in White Haven, Pa., July 23d, 1854. He ic now engaged in the lumber business. He married Miss Lina E. Ziegenfuss, of White Haven. J. A. Hann, M. D., is a practicing surgeon and physi- cian of Newton. His wife was Frances H. Lewis, of Stanhope, N. J. Dr. Hann was born September 6th, 1818. Morgan J. Harris was born in Glamorganshire, South Wales, May 22nd, 1836. He is inside foreman for the D., L. & W. Railroad Company at the Taylor mines. His wife was Ann Price, of Glamorganshire. G. W. Hessler was born in Beaumont, Pa., April 27th, 1848, and married Emma E. Laflin, of Southwick, Mass. He is a furniture dealer at Moosic. David Hollenbeck was born in Lackawanna, Sep- tember 2nd, 1825. He is stable boss for the Pennsyl- vania Coal Company at the Greenwood mines. His wife was Sarah Davis, of Lackawanna. Andrew Hopkins, a resident of Milwaukee, was born in Ransom, January 8th, 1842. He is a farmer. His wife was Sarah Michaels, of Ransom, Pa. David Hopkins was born in Newton, Pa., in 1834. He was married in 1861 to Martha Bedell, also of New- ton. He is a farmer. P. F. Hubler, M. D., is a surgeon and physician. He was born December 17th, 1850, in Huntington, Pa. His wife was Annie E. Good, of the same town- ship. Frederick Huggler was born in Meyringen, Can- ton Berne, Switzerland, January 8th, 1857, and is at present an engineer for the Pennsylvania Coal Com- pany. His wife was Miss Ellen Wylam, of Old Forge. Lieutenant D. M. Huthmaker was born in Monroe county, Pa,, September 4th, 1833, and was married July 2nd, 1859, to Barbara A. Dersheimer, of Ransom. He has served his township as clerk for 15 years, judge of election, .school director 7 years, and town auditor, and has been a justice of the peace since 1862. He was first lieutenant of the Union Invincibles of Pennsyl- vania. His children are Frank E., Alice May, Ada Ursula and Dora Ann. J.^mes Ingles, a superintendent at the Taylorville stables^ for the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Rail- road Company, was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, De- cember 18th, 1828. His first wife was Caroline Adrian, of Scranton, Pa. Robert Inglis was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, April 15th, T803. He is horse farrier and superintend- ent of stock stables of the D., L. & W. Railroad at Taylor- ^ J r- ^^ ^^^^ ^ justice of the peace for one term in Old Forge township. His wife was Miss Jennett Mon- teith, of Sterlingshire, Scotland. H. P. Jacobs was born in E.xeter township, December 5th, 1836, and IS a farmer. His wife was Miss E. E. Reynolds, of Factoryville, Pa. Thomas Johnston was born in Dumfriesshire, Scot- <}* 4h =HN GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 4&6C land, October 5th, 1827, and came to America in 1850. He has served 15 years as school director, 2 years as township treasurer, 2 years as township clerk, and is the present postmaster at Milwaukee, Pa. He is a miller and merchant. His wife was Catharine Duncan Ward- law, of Perthshire, Scotland. A. H. Kern, of Schultzville, was born in Newton, September 20th, 1845. His wife was Alice I. Owen, of Falls, Pa. Mr. Kern follows farming and is a school director. Joseph Kircher was born January 19th, 1841, in Germany. He enlisted in October, 1862, in Company G 177th Pennsylvania volunteers, and was discharged at the expiration of his term of service. He is a farmer and is the supervisor of Newton. ■ His wife was Miss L. Kern. Wentzle Klippel, a farmer of Ransom, was born in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, February 21st, 1821, and married Catharine Zeiss, also of Germany. He has held several important offices in his township, and is one of the school directors. Alexander Laird was born in Mairkirk, Scotland, June 2ist, 1821. He is an inside foreman for the Penn- sylvania Coal Company. He married Jane Mitchell Schotz, of Jenkins, Pa. Daniel W. La Rue is a farmer and carpenter. He was born May sth, 1827, in Franklin, N. Y. His wife was Abigail Ann Warren, of East Benton, Pa. Mr. La Rue has been auditor and assessor of Newton township. David Learn was born in Newton, Pa., January 2gth, 1847. He is engaged in farming. John L. Lewis was born in Monmouthshire, South Wales, December 25th, 1815. His first wife was Eliza- beth Edwards, who died in September, 1872; his second wife was Mary Morgan, of Hyde Park. Mr. Lewis is inside foreman for the D., L. & W. Railroad Company at the Pyne colliery. A. A. Lockard was born in Biickhorn, Pa., January 28th, 1833. He enlisted March 17th, 1864, in Company G S2nd Pa. volunteers, and was discharged July 15th, 1865. He married Miss Hattie D. Swartz, of Scranton. He is at present a wheelwright at Moosic. William Loftus was born in Hawley, Pa., in 1850. He is a saloon keeper. Martin McDonough, a general merchant at Minooka, was born in county Mayo, Ireland, in October, 1852. He is a justice of the peace. His wife was Bridget Murray, of Lackawanna. Denis Mehaels, carpenter and joiner, was born in Ransom, in 1842, and married (December 30th, 1865) Samantha Ace, of Ransom, Pa. John D. Miller was born in Scott township. Pa., May iSth, 1816, and is a blacksmith. His wife was Miss Mercy A. Decker, of Scott. Mr. Miller has been justice of the peace several terms, besides holding minor offices. He is now serving his second term as justice of the peace in Old Forge township. S. H. Miller was born November 2nd, 1829, in Pitts- ton, Pa. He is a foundryman and manufacturer of agri- cultural implements, and a specialty of his trade is the " Miller " plow. His wife was Miss Mary A. Stark, of Plains. Pa. Charles Monie was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, June 2nd, 1837, and married Helen CuUins, of Sterling- shire, Scotland. He is an engineer for the Pennsylvania Coal Company. E. P. MucKi.ow, a clerk at Greenwood, was born June 17th, 1856, in Coalcastle, Pa. William E. Olds was born in Bennington, Vt., Janu- ary 13th, 1818. He is superintendent of the Moosic Powder Mills, and has been engaged in the powder busi- ness thirty-five years. His wife was MissM. M. Morgan, of Bennington, Vt. George H. Pearel is a machinist and millwright for the Moosic Powder Company. He was born June 28th, 1848, in Frederick, Md., and married Fanny K. Black- man, of Moscow, Pa. Captain N. G. Reed, of Milwaukee, is a farmer, and is justice of the peace. He was born in Abington, Pa., December iSth, 1827, and was married January 27th, 1869, to S. A. Petty, of Pittston, Pa. He lias been post- master at Milwaukee, and captain of the ''Union In- vincibles." Adam Reinhardt, who was born February 27th, 1838, in Weisenbach, Hesse Cassel, Germany, is outside fore- man at the Pyne colliery. Mrs. R. was Catharine Schulthus, of Lackawanna, Pa. P. K. Richards is a native of Ransom, and was born September 13th, 1832. His wife was Rosina C. Corse- lius, of Newton, Pa. Mr. Richards is one of the enter- prising farmers of Ransom, and has been honored with several important trusts in the gift of his townsmen. H. R. Sanders, driver boss for the Pennsylvania Coal Company, was born in Kirkwood, N. Y., October 29th, 1848, and married Nancy Goodwin, of Lackawanna. Captain Amos Sax is a native of Northampton county, Pa., and was born in 1823. He is engaged in farming. He was married in 1857, to Sarah A. Hopkins. He was a captain in the State militia. John Shook was born in Newton, December 27th, 1841. His wife was Maria Swartwood, of Exeter, Wyom- ing county, Pa. Mr. Shook follows farming. Garrett Smith was born in Belvidere, N. J., Septem- ber 17th, 1831. He is a farmer and a miller, and is sup- erintendent of the Lackawanna Iron & Coal Company's mill. His wife was Mary H. Landis, of Scranton. William N. Smith was born in Newton, March 6th, 1844, and married Maggie Neary, of the same township. He enlisted October 2nd,'i86i, in Company H S2nd Pennsylvania volunteers, and was discharged November 14th, 1864; was wounded at the siege of Charleston, S. C, August 27th, 1864. George S. Snovrr, of Bald Mountain, was born in Blairstown, N. J., April i8th, 1838. He enlisted March 9th, 1863, in Company B 143d Pennsylvania volunteers, and was discharged June 20th, 1865. He is now a farm- er, and is school director of Newton. His wife was Mary Kresge, of Newton. Adam Thompson is a farmer. He is assessor, and was formerly school director. He was born at Schultzville, January 14th, 1840. His wife was Kate E. Smith, of Newton. Charles Thompson was born in Carbondale, May 12th, 1844. He is an engineer for the D., L. & W. Rail- <^ H^ 486 z» HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. road Company at Archbald. His first wife, formerly Ella Schoonover, of Wayne county, Pa., died April 5th, 1875, and he married Ella S. McArthur, of Scranton. Ira Tinklepaugh, farmer and saloon keeper, was born November 2gth, 1819, in Lackawanna, Pa., and married Aurilla Scott, of Moscow, Pa. C. H. Van Horn is a native of Fairmount, Pa., and was born August isth, 1841. He is a merchant at Tay- lorville, and was elected a justice of the peace in Febru- ary, 1878, for five years. His wife was Miss Kate P. Atherton, of Old Forge. John Von Weissenfluh was born in Canton Berne, Switzerland, May 21st, 1831, and married Miss Ann Kel- ler, of the same c;inton. He is proprietor of the Wilhelm Tell Hotel at Taylorville. John Weber is a native of Prussia, and was born April 2nd, 1823. He married Miss R. Tracey, of Germany. He is proprietor of the Union House at Taylorville. John Weber, jr., was born in Germany, December 24th, 1849, and married Miss Minnie Youngblood, of Kingston, Pa. He is also engaged in the Union House at Taylorville. Thomas Weir was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, February 27th, 1827. He is boss at No. 13 shaft of the Pennsylvania Coal Company. His wife was Ellen M. Hunter, of Manchester, England. B. F-. White was born in Scott, Pa., December 19th, 1845. He is a wholesale dairy farmer. Britain Williams, who resides at Milwaukee village, was born July 7th, 1823, and is now a farmer. J. B. WiNSLOW is a merchant at Taylorville, of the firm of J. B. Winslow & Co. He was born April 26th, 1848, in Wyoming county. Pa. His wife was Miss Hannah J. Hunzinger, of CoUey, Sullivan county. Pa. Lieutenant J. B. Wood was born in Warwick, Or- ange county, N. Y., August 9th, 1831. He enlisted Aug- ust 6th, 1862, in Company M 17th Pa. cavalry, and was discharged October 6th, 1863, at Washington, D. C, hav- ing lost his right leg in the battle of Upperville, Va., June 2ist, 1863. He was commissioned a lieutenant in February, 1863. His wife was Miss Mary C. Jackson, of Great Bend, N. Y. Mr. Wood is the proprietor of the Old Forge Hotel, at Old Forge. A. Woodworth, of Bald Mountain, was born in Union, Pa., April ist, 1841. He enlisted June loth, 1861, in Company F, Pa. reserves, and was discharged in October, 1863. His wife was S. A, Hollister, of Brooklyn, Pa. He is a farmer. Nicholas Young was born in Prussia, January loth, 1832. His wife was Harriet McEwen, of Tuthill, Ulster county, N. Y. Christopher Zeiss, a native of Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, was born June 27th, 1824, and married Eliza- beth Klippel, of Germany. He has been judge and in- spector of election, and is the present treasurer of Ransom township. t^^= ^¥ *4=- THE PIONEER PERIOD IN NEWTON TOWNSHIP. 487 health, and converses as fluently as a man of fifty. Paul Aten, aged 91, is in good health, and reads the papers without the aid of glasses. Mrs. Ringsdorf, though 91, is in the possession of all her faculties. Mrs. Benjamin, one of the early settlers of Newton, is now 85. Zebulon Comstock, one of the early settlers of New- ton, was a bold and experienced hunter, and spent a good part of his time in hunting and trapping. On his return one evening from what is now Hyde Park, a huge panther sprang out of the thicke< just behind him. He quickly turned around, faced the savage beast, and thus walked backward about half a mile, keeping his eye steadily fixed upon the eye of the panther, when the animal finally turned and left him the victor. Early the next morning Comstock shouldered his rifle, and, accom- panied by his faithful dog, returned to the spot where the panther sprang from the thicket. Here he found the remains of a deer the panther had killed and carefully covered with leaves. The dog followed the track of the panther about three miles, and treed him, when Comstock shot him. At an early day in Newton's history the nearest store was at Wilkes-Barre. Joseph Coon, in relating some of his pioneer experiences, says that he once carried a grist of rye to mill at Slocum Hollow (Scranton) on his back; on his return he dared not take the flour from his shoulders, for fear he would not have strength to shoulder it again, and he rested by leaning against a tree whenever his strength began to fail him. Timothy McClusky says that in his youthful days he used to go down on to the river flats and woirk for farmers, taking his pay in grain, and at night carry the grain on his back to the mill at Pittston, wait for it to be ground and take the flour home the same night. One night, while returning over the mountain, he was over- taken by a storm; and, it being too dark to find his way, he had to spend the night in the forest, frightening off the wolves. He also says that he has carried butter from Newton to Wilkes-Barre and traded it off at six cents per pound for groceries. The pioneer store and ashery was kept by Elias Smith. He bought ashes of the settlers and made from them potash, which he traded in Wilkes-Barre for such dry goods and groceries as the pioneers needed, and took more ashes from his neighbors in pay for the goods. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and died in 1864. He built the first fmmed house in Newton township. The first regular store was kept by Solomon Strong,, where the Van Sickler Hotel now stands at Newton Center. Dr. Charles Kelly succeeded Strong, but in a short time returned to Tunkhannock. In 1842 E. A. and George Carey and Thomas Atherton purchased a barn of Chauncey Sherwood and converted it into a store, which they kept about twelve years. They were suc- ceeded by L. H. Litts, who subsequently built a store on the site of John Hice's residence. This was burned in 1 86 1, and Mr. Litts occupied Sherwood's store till his appointment as warden of Pittston poor-house, when he sold his goods to Chauncey Sherwood, who .continued in the business several years. Henry Sham has kept a clothing store at Newton Center at three different times. The old Sherwood store is now occupied by L. B. Ayres as a dwelling. In 1861 or 1862 Ira Litts built the Hice store; a few years later he sold to John Hice, the present merchant at Newton Center. Previous to 1841 there was no licensed tavern in New- ton township. The traveler was accommodated by any of the hospitable citizens upon whom he happened to call. In 1841 James Van Sickler purchased the stone building of Solomon Strong and converted it into a tavern, which he kept several years. At his death he was succeeded by his son Solomon, who now keeps the Van Sickler House at Newton Center. In 1842 Chauncey Sherwood built a dwelling house at Newton Center, and subsequently converted it into a hotel, known as the Sherwood House, which he kept several years. The property is now owned by Aaron Fuller, and is occupied as a private dwelling. Dr. Andrew Bedford was the first practicing physician, and he was succeeded by Dr. Hiram Nichols, who lived in Abington. Dr. H. S. Cooper, who studied medicine with B. A. Benton, M. D,, of Tunkhannock, and grad- uated from the Pennsylvania Medical College, at Phil- adelphia, located at Newton Center in 1842; left in 1850, but has practiced here since 1858, excepting a year in the army. Dr. S. M. Wheeler practiced for a few months after 1850, and was followed by Dr. J. Keeney, from La- ceyville. He died in the spring of 1852. Dr. James Decker was the next physician. He died here in i860. Dr. J. A. Hann has been at Newton Center since i860. Dr. P. F. Hubler, of Huntington, Pa., graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, in 1877, and located in Newton the same year, where he is practicing. The first school was taught by Parley Von Cleveland, as early as 1812 or 1815, in a log house built for that purpose. He was succeeded by John Mott and Anthony Briggs. Some years later a larger and more convenient house was built of hewn logs, on the " widow Shaw place." Anthony Briggs and others taught in it. Among the surviving pupils of these pioneer schools are Jane Courtright, John Thompson, Timothy McClusky, Charles, William and Zebulon Comstock and Ellen, Jacob and David M. Smith. In 1830 a frame school-house was built in front of where the Baptist church now stands, but it has been gone several years. Newton Hall Academy, on Presbyterian hill, was built in 1847, and the first term was taught by Rev. Mr. Osmond. The late C. S. Stark, of Pittston, also taught one term. None but the higher branches were taught. The academy building is now occupied by the Good Templars. There are six good schools in this township, the Ridge, Lacoe, Casner, Shook, Fireproof, Shultzville and Port Royal schools. Until 1844 the nearest post-office was at Buttermilk Falls. In 1844 Henry Litts was appointed postmaster and he kept the office at his house. The mail was then «^H= =4* HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. brought once a week on horseback over the mountain from Old Forge. Mr. Litts was succeeded by Chauncey Sherwood, who kept the office at his house in Newton Center. The pioneer saw-mill was built by Elias Smith, in 1821, on Gardner's creek. He operated it till it was worn out. He then built the one now owned and operated by his son Elias Smith. In 1841 L. H. Litts and Chauncey Sherwood built the saw-mill half a mile east of the Litts farm. The Fitch saw-mill, on Falls creek at Brinktown, was built in 1840, and is now owned and operated by L. G. Damon, of Pittston. A steam saw-mill, one and a half miles north of Newton Center, on the road to Shultzville, was built by Solomon Hopkins & Son in 1868. The Hartley saw-mill, near Shultzville, was built by Esquire Hartley about 1850. McKinstry & Childs converted it into a steam mill, and it was subsequently burned. Edward Rozell carried on blacksmithing a number of years from 1821. C. Van Buskirk subsequently built his present shop at Newton Center. The Keystone tannery, at Shultzville, was built in i860 by John B. Shultz, who sold it in 1865 to McKinstry & Childs. About 1875 McKinstry became sole owner. This is a sole leather tannery, and employs about 60 men annually. There is a large corap.iny store in connection with the tannery, kept by A. B. McKinstry. Civil List of Newton. The following is a complete list of justices of the peace elected for Newton, from the organization of the town- ship: Lewis H. Litts, 1843; Chauncey Sherwood, 1843, 1850, 1856, 1862; Henry S. Decker, 1846, 1855, i860; Henry Kern, 1846; Timothy McCiusky, 1852, 1857, 1862; Hezekiah Ferguson, 1856; H. S. Cooper, 1864, 1869; D. W. Richards, 1868, 1874; H. P. Jacobs, 1874; Horace F. Barrett, 1877, 1878. Newton in the War for the Union. The following is a partial list of the Union soldiers who went from this township in the various Pennsylvania regiments : Fifty-second Infantry,— Jasoa Ayere. Andrew S. Collum, died from disease contracted in the army. Leonard Harris. Baldwin Kern, died In hospital. Myron Maxfleld. Jacob Mnxfield, died coming home after dischar£?e. John Sister. Solomon Van Sickler. Eleventh Gavalry.— George Beemer. S. S. Brink, killed. Charles Brink. George Sigman. Levi Lewis, shot by rebel scouts. One Hundred and Forty-third Infantry.— Norvnnn Butterfleld, Lewis Courtright, Oliver Decker. Samuel Docker, wounded; Geore:e Hopkins, killed; John Kichards, died in hospital at Washington from amputation of limb; Ira Sutten, John R. Smith, George Inover. Miscellaneous.— Harvey Coon, missing; Alien Collum, died from disease contracted in the army; John Drisler, missiniif; James Fish, Pa. Buclc- tails; Joseph Garey, 141st, wounded in the 'Wilderness; Andrew Han-is, 3nd cavalry, died at Andersonville; William Kern, navy; Lewis McCius- key, Peter McCluskey, 144th; William Smith, lost leg by bvirsting shell at Charleston. Villages. Newton Center (Bald Mount post-office) has a Presbyte- rian, a Baptist and a Methodist Episcopal church, the store and post-office kept by J. Hice, the blacksmith shop of C. Van Buskirk, the hotel of S. Van Sickler, a school- house, three physicians (Drs. Cooper, Hann and Hubler), and a population of about 150. Shultzville was named by John B. Shultz, who was formerly owner of the land and other property here. The place contains a church, a school-house, a store, a tannery and a post-office, with H. F. Barrett postmaster; population 125. RELIGIOUS. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF NEWTON. This church, worshiping at Newton Center, was organ- ized October 29th, 1835, by Revs. J. Rhoades and J. Dorrance. The original members were Peter Corselius, Peter Richards, Peter Ayers, Isaac Rozell and Samuel Clark and their wives, Sarah Comstock, Mary Carman, Matilda Rozell and Harriet Thompson. Of these only Maria Corselius, Matilda Rozell and Harriet Thompson are living. The first meetings were held in school-houses, and the first minister after the organization was Rev. J. Rhoades, about two years; Rev. N. G. Parke, of Pittston, then sup- plied the church every four weeks. Rev. Owen Brown preached once in two weeks for about two years. Rev. Jonathan Osmond was pastor for two years from 1848; then Rev. W. E. Holmes, two and a half years; Rev. J. B. Adams, five years; Rev. J. H. Sargent, five years; Rev. A. G. Harnard, five; Rev. J. S. Hanna, one. The church is now without a pastor. The pulpit is supplied by Rev. J. M. Phillips. A neat church edifice, of wood, was built in 1848, on a lot donated by W. C. Ayers. The society also owns a parsonage. The church membership is about 80. Horace Collum was the first superintendent of the Sunday-school. BAPTIST CHURCH. This is an outgrowth of the Falls Baptist church, and was constituted in the spring of 1828, in the eastern part of Falls, now Newton township,with four members — Elias Smith, Samuel Mittain, Catharine Litts and Mrs. Fritchell. Rev. Isaac D. Jones, a licentiate of the church at Exeter, was the preacher until 1833. Rev. John Miller preached occasionally from 1836 to 1839, and Rev. James Clark part of 1840. February 2nd, 1845, the Falls Baptist church was for- mally disbanded, and the Newton Baptist church organ- ized. Rev. Silas Finn preached half the time during the next three years, and in 1853 Rev. John Miller accepted a call to preach half the time. February 9th, 1877, he became pastor, and H. S. Cooper and John Rosenkrans were elected deacons. Rev. Charles Parker succeeded Mr. Miller, and preached till March, 1859; Rev. J. C. Sherman till December, 1861, and in the summer of 1862, when he entered the army as chaplain. Till April, 1867, the church was without a pastor. Then Rev. J. C. Sher- man preached a year. All this time the church had been meeting in school- houses and wherever most convenient. January i8th, 1868, Dr. H. S. Cooper, Rev. Mr. Sherman, J. Rolosen^ <^ f ='=^^ CHURCHES OF NEWTON TOWNSHIP— PIONEERS OF OLD FORGE. 489 Mr. Biesecker and E. Taylor were appointed a building committee. The church building was dedicated Novem- ber 28th, 1871, by Rev. W. P. Helling, of Scranton. It is of wood, thirty-six by fifty feet, neatly finished and fur- nished. After Mr. Sherman Rev. George Lukins preached a year, and Rev. Newell Callender three years. Rev. W. G. Comstock is the present pastor. The church property is valued at $5,000. The Sunday-school was organized in 1872. John Coon is the superintendent. THE CHAPEL AT SHULTZVILLE was built by John B. Shultz in 1861 or 1862, and was for several years used jointly for school and religious pur- poses. Since the building of a school-house there the chapel is occupied exclusively for religious meetings. NEWTON M. E. CHURCH. The old red school-house at Newton Center was a regular place for preaching for 20 years before the cor- porate organization of the church in November, 1846. The first trustees were Jacob Smith, Nathaniel Richards, Timothy Drake, Peter Bedell, Jesse Beeraer, Alexander Beemer, George Albright, Noah Patrick and John Meiss. Peter Bedell, Jacob Smith, James Van Sickler, Nathaniel Richards and Peter Rutan were the building committee who had a church erected in 1847, at a cost of $600. During the pastorate of Rev. C. E. Taylor Jacob Smith was appointed leader of a class numbering 23. After holding occasional revivals, with a steady increase of membership, for 28 years the old house was abandoned on the 8th of December, 1875. A new charter was ob- tained and in 1876 a church edifice with steeple and bell (the first church bell in the township) was erected at a cost of $4,000. The Newton circuit is believed to have been constituted in 1840, with five regular places of wor- ship — Newton Center, Milwaukee, Falls, Mill City and Overfield. The new church was dedicated by Rev. Dr. Reuben Nelson during the pastorate of Rev. Isaac Austin. The Sabbath-school, which was established in the early days of the society, is still flourishing, numbering 45 scholars. The church membership is 56. The pastors since the new charter are Revs. Isaac Austin and William Shelp. Those previous: Revs. Charles Giddings, White, Reddy, Samuel Griffin, John Mulkey, Dayton F. Reed, C. E. Taylor, Wilcox, Benjamin Ellis, Owen, Schoonmaker, Sterling, E. F. Roberts, John La Bar, John Wilbur, J. D. Safford, Miner Swallow, G. W. Leach, P. S. Holbrook, J. W. Munger, G. M. Peck, D. Personius, E. N. Pardee, Asa J. Van Cleft, E. Pufl^er, Isaac Austin, R. S. Rose, A. Brigham and A. J. Arnold. Bald Mount Lodge, No. 731, I. O.. of G. T. was instituted at Newton Center, July 30th, 1869, with SO charter members. It is in a flourishing condition, holding regular meetings on Friday evening of each week in Good Templars' Hall. It has enrolled over 300 members and has a full treasury. Miss Jennie Petty, a member of this lodge, is an earnest advocate and worker in the temperance cause. OLD FORGE TOWNSHIP. HIS township was formed from Lackawanna township. May 26th, 1871, and contains about nine square miles. The population in 1880 was 1,408. Among the pioneers none was more prominent in business affairs and in the develop- ment of the township's resources, than Doctor William Hooker Smith, who came here in 1789, after having lived in the Wilkes-Barre clearing from 1772. He was a competent surgeon and physician, and, excepting Dr. Sprague, he was the only physician in 1772 between Cochecton and Sunbury, a distance ol 150 miles. He was a plain, practical man, with all the old fashioned faith in the virtues of bleeding. In the spring of 1789 Dr. Smith and James Sutton built a forge just above the mouth of Ascension brook, on the rocky edge of the Lackawanna and just below the rapids or falls. This was the only concern of the kind in all old Westmoreland, except one at Newport, built in 1777. The traces of the old forge are still plainly to be seen, and antiquarians still dig around it for relics. From it the township derives its name. Among the other early settlers was William Miller, who in 1782 built a little grist-mill on Miller's Mill creek, across the road from shaft No. 13 of the Pennsylvania Coal Company. It went to decay, and a saw-mill was built on the same site, which has given place to a black- smith shop. A part of the old dam is still there. Many a good joke is told of " Uncle Billy," as he v/as familiarly c:illed. He was always unusually attentive to the spout where the meal from his customers' grists came from the stone, and was always feeling of the meal as it came through ; and his coat sleeves, being large, would natu- rally catch considerable dust (not any meal, of course !), which he jvould shake off into an empty barrel. Every- body though him honest, but wondered how " 'mazin' fast that bar'l filled up." Charles Drake in 1808 built the house now occupied by Ebenezer Drake, near the Lackawanna depot. He built a tannery on a small scale where Drake's store now stands, at Old Forge village, and afterward kept a tavern at the same place. The pioneer school-house was built of logs, on the site of the present one, on the corner west of John D. Mil- ler's. The foundry now owned and operated by G. M.&S. H. Miller was built by John Drake, who sold to William Howard. A foundry was built by Edmund B. Babb about 1820, a short distance above the mouth of Ascension <^ Hh 490 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. creek, which he operated for a few years, but it finally went to decay. The little hamlet below the Lackawanna depot was named " Babylon " by John B. Babb, who kept a store there a few yeirs in the primitive days. Calvin Stock- bridge kept a tavern at Babylon in 1832. Li pioneer times John B. Babb had a small grist-mill a short distance above the mouth of Ascension creek. He built the origi- nal log bridge across the Lackawanna river, on the site of the present iron bridge. John D. Miller has lived where he now resides since 1832, but has by the changing of county and township lines lived in two counties and three townships; he has also been justice of the peace in, the two counties and three townships, having been elected first in Pittston, then in Lackawanna and twice in Old Forge. Erastus Smith, James Knapp, James Scott and the Atherton family, who located in the north end of the township, were among the pioneers. In 1816 James A. Gordon built the old wood colored house just below the old Atherton place. Here he kept a store several years. The first postmaster of Old Forge was William Drake; the present one is Ebenezer Drake. The following justices have been elected for Old Forge: A. B. Weisenflue, 1S74; Charles Smith, 1875; John D. Miller, -1877; E. E. Astor, 1877; Joseph Marcy, 1879. Coal Interests of Old Forge. Pyne shaft, in the north end of the township, owned by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Com- pany, employed in 1878 297 men and boys, and mined 109,506 tons. Sibley shaft, near the center of the town- ship, employed during 1878 247 men and boys in the mine, which produced 51,472 tons. Shaft No. 13, in the sontheast corner of the township, owned by the Pennsyl- vania Coal Company, employed in 1878 35 men and boys. The production foi" that year was 12,718 tons. RANSOM TOWNSHIP. 4- |ANSOM township was formed in 1849, from parts of Exeter and Newton, and named in honor of Captain Samuel Ransom, who raised a company in 1777 for the defense of the Wyoming valley, and fell in the battle of July 3d, 1778. The population of the town- ship was 646 in 1880. The first white inhabitant was John Gardner, who came in 1769 from Colchester, Conn. In 1778, a few days before the Wyoming massacre, he was captured by Indians and tories. Before his departure he advised his wife to take their five children to Conne,cticut, and re- main with her friends until it would be safe to return. He then bade his wife and children a final farewell; an Indian placed a load upon his shoulders which he could scarcely raise, then put a halter around his neck, and led him away as he would a beast. Mr. Gardner became exhausted before reaching what is now Geneva, N. Y., and was given over to the squaws, who tortured him to death by driving his body full of pitch pine sticks and setting them on fire. Mrs. Gardner returned with herfive children to Connecticut. In due time she came back to Ransom, and lived with her son John till her death, which occurred August 25th, 1834, when she was 91 years old.- She was buried in the old ground at Ransom. John and Richard Gardner settled on the farm pur- chased by their father in 1769, at the mouth of Gardner's creek. John was chiefly engaged in farming. He was the father of four children, and died March 30th, 1836, aged 64 years. Richard established Gardner's Ferry at Ransom. He was accidentally shot by a companion in one elbow while on a bear hunt. He was the father of eleven children, three of whom are yet living. He died July 4th, 1859, aged 92 years. His son Benjamin, though permanently paralyzed in the lower limbs at the age of eleven, became an active business man, filling the posi- tions of merchant, tavern keeper and postmaster for many years, and was known throughout the country as " Uncle Benny " Gardner. He died October 24th, 1879, at the age of 85. The three surviving children are Sam- uel, aged 82; Celinda, aged 80; and Harriet, widow of the late Silas Sutton, aged 73. Peleg Comstock came from Connecticut about the same time with the Gardners, and settled on a tract of land which he " patented," near Gardner's creek, now owned by P. K. & Jesse Richards. He had a large family. He died at an advanced age, and was buried in the old ground at Ransom. John McMillan, from Ireland, early located on the farm now owned by D. M. Huthmaker. He was a school teacher and a physician. He had eleven children. His son Alexander married Nancy Montanye, and the names of " Uncle Aleck " and "Aunt Nancy " were synonyms for good in every household. He died November 25th, 1869, at an advanced age. F. Sandway, John Baumgardner, John Rader, Andrew Nett, Philip Shellenberger and Charles Resler came to Ransom in 1841, from Germany, and settled on what is known from then as " German hill." The pioneer grist-mill was built on Gardner's creek, in 1825, by Phineas Sherwood, who sold it to Absalom Young, and he to Jacob Dershimer, who in 1844 built the present mill on the site of the old one. It was next owned by Nathan and Jacob Keim, and is now by Thomas Johnson. A foundry was built in 185 1 by Wil- liam Vosburg, a short distance from the mill. It is now owned by S. E. Griffin, who is building a new one near. The first saw-mill was built in 185 1, by one Twitchel, across the creek from the grist-mill. It was rebuilt by William Vosburg and is now owned by the heirs of Wil- liam Timpkins. The saw-mill in Ransom village was built in 1875, by J. G. Osborn, and is now operated by F. P. Osborn. The pioneer blacksmith shop was at Mil- 4¥ 4- CHURCHES AND VH.LAGES OF RANSOM TOWNSHIP— EARLY INSTITUTIONS. 491 waukee village, and was rebuilt in 1836 by Abraham Michaels, who worked in it a number of years. It was bought and rebuilt by Daniel Skinner and L. H. Winters. The present owner is William Meyer, and the business is carried on by E. M. Winters. The first blacksmith shop m Ransom village was built in 1847, by Benjamin and Warren Smith. The Ransom Valley Turnpike Company was incorpor- ated February i8th, 1871, and the following persons were' appointed commissioners: L. H. Litts, P. K. Richards, Peter Bedell, George Damon, Chauncey Sher- wood, D. M. Huthmaker and Amos S.ix. The present officers are N. G. Reed, Thomas Johnson, Amos Sax, Henry S. Decker and D. M. Huthmaker. The pioneer tavern was kept by Benjamin Gardner, at Ransom, for about twenty-five years from 1812. It was opened in a small log cabin, built for that purpose by his father, Richard Gardner. A larger and more convenient house was built for him across the street. He was suc- ceeded by Benjamin Smith and Philip Drear, who made many improvements. The property was next owned by A. W. Clark, who sold to I. D. Gulick, and the building was burned in March, 1855. Gulick then- kept tavern a year in another house. F. Sandway purchased the property and kept a tavern some years and sold to Jacob Bertels. The building is now a private dwelling. The present hotel was built in 1876, by J. Crowel, the present proprietor. In 1846 a tavern was built at the head of the first narrows on the road from Pittston to Ransom, by George Sax; it is now kept by J. Nafus. The first store was kept by Benjamin Smith and Ira Gardner, in 1835. This store was built by Samuel Gardner in 1832, for a dwelling. It is now used for a stable. There was no other store here (excepting Uncle Benny's grocery) till 1846, when Abel and James Thomp- son built and opened one, which was burned in 1855. In 1864 Jacob Bertels built and opened a store near the depot at Ransom, and in 1866 sold to F. Sandway, who still occupies it as a store and post-office. The first post- office was established about 1849, when Benjamin Gard- ner was appointed postmaster. The post-office at Mil- waukee was established in 1861, with N. G. Reed as postmaster. Thomas Johnson is the present incumbent. The office at Mountain Valley was established in 1868, with E. Trively as postmaster. M. Trively has suc- ceeded him. Previous to 1846 there was a burying ground on the bank of the canal on the farm now owned by D. M. Huthmaker. The first interment was that of Richard Gardner's child, who died March 3d, 1797. The bury- ing ground near the Presbyterian church was donated by Jacob and John Dersheimer. The first interment was that of Conrad Shafer, a soldier of the Revolution, who died in 1846. The following is the list of the justices- of the peace elected for Ransom: Peter A. Smith, 1849, 1855; Benjamin Smith, 1849; Jacob AUabach, 1859; N. G. Reed, i860, 1865, 1870, 1875; D. M. Huthmaker, 1862, 1867, 1872, 1877. Cfiurches. Lutheran. — This church, in the village of Ransom, was built in 1845 and dedicated in 1847, during the pas- torate of Rev. John Lescher. For several years the pul- pit has been supplied by preachers from other places. Evangelical Church. — A religious society was formed in the vicinity of Ransom by the Rev. Mr. May and Jacob Hartzlen in 1858. Services were held regularly at the house of Miss Celinda Gardner for fifteen years. In 1871 a frame church was built on a lot donated by Sebas- tian Dersheimer. It was dedicated in 1872. The fol- lowing ministers, and in the order named, have served this church: Rev. Messrs. May, J. Hartzlen, S. Smith, S. P. Davis, H. A. Dietrick, Solomon Buck, I. M. Pines, U. F. Swengle, J. M. Price, W. M. Crawman, S. I. Sharters, P. S. Ornig, W. W. Rhoades, A. J. HoUenback and G. Burscon. In 1867 a union Sunday-school was organized at the house of Miss Celinda Gardner. On the completion of the church the school was removed to it. The present superintendent is Peter Sutton. This denomination uses the school-house at Mountain Valley for meetings and Sunday-school. Methodist Episcopal Church.— The M. E. society at Milwaukee held services several years in the school- house, the following ministers from Newton circuit preach- ing: Rev. Samuel Griffin, White, J. M. Munger, Luther Ellis, J. D. Safford, Miner Swallow, Philip Holbrook, J. W Wilbur and John La Bar. In the summer of 1859 the society built a framed church at a cost of $4,500, which was dedicated the fol- lowing winter by Rev. Dr. George Peck. It was re- paired in 1875, ^^ a cost of $500. The following is a complete list of ministers who have served this society : Revs. George Peck, D. Personeus, G. W. Leach, J. M. La Bar, I. N. Pardue, A. J. Van Cleft, Isaac Austin, S. Rose, A. Brigham, A. J. Arnold and William Shelp, the present pastor. A Sunday-school was organized in the school-house in 1852, and removed to the church upon its completion. The superintendent is N. G. Reed. Villages. Milwaukee is a small but very pretty village, contain- ing a Methodist Episcopal church, a school building, blacksmith and wagon shop, grist and saw-mills, a store, a post-office and a foundry. Mrs. Ann Bedell, widow of the late Peter Bedell, of Milwaukee, was murdered in her house in June, 1876. The guilty party or parties have never been brought to justice. Hansom Village contains two churches, two hotels, two school buildings, a saw-mill, a blacksmith shop, a store, a post-office, the depot of the Lehigh Valley railroad, and a number of fine residences. Here is also located the Pitts- ton, Jenkins and Old Forge alms-house and farm. The house is a large, substantial and commodious brick build- ing, with modern improvements for the comfort and con- <^ ^ 492 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. venience of both inmates and keepers. The old build- ing has been fitted up for an asylum for the insane, and a neat farm house built between the two. The present number of inmates is fifty, including ten insane, who are well cared for by the gentlemanly steward, Eli Brown. The attending physician is Dr. Rice, of Pittston. Mountain Valley, on the road leading to Pittston and Scranton, has a new school-house, a post-ofifice and sev- eral farm buildings. ROARING BROOK TOWNSHIP. HIS township was formed May 24th, 1871, out of the borough of Dunmore and the town- ships of Jefferson and Madison, and named from the stream passing through it. James Locklin and Joshua S. Miller were elected _.|S^ justices in 187 1, and Thomas Hardenbiirgh and J. '^ S. Miller in 1S76. The population in 1880 was 769. Among the most prominent points of agricultural in- terest is the Glen Home farm of Dr. A. P. Gardner, about mile southeast of Dunning. Here can be found the most complete establishment of the kind in this part of the country. It is a romantic and enchanting spot. The cottage and farm buildings are of the latest architectural design, while the grounds are laid out with pleasant walks, and planted with peach, pear, plum and many varieties of apple trees, together with all kinds of small fruits. Dr. Gardner has a well stocked trout pond in his grounds, from which his table is supplied. His farm stock is of the best blood. The hospitality of host and hostess of Glen Home farm is most generous. Before and after the construction of the Drinker turn- pike the township was a solitude; for there had been no settlement, and when the road was made passable the men employed on it moved along with the work. No permanent settlement was made till 1847, unless we count Barney Carey, who kept the toll gate on the turnpike about a mile below Dunning. Gilbert Dunning located at that village in 1847, and the same year John C. Dun- ning south of the steam saw-mill, where Mrs. Thomas now lives. Here he built a log house. Isaac Depew south of the village, and S. S. Welsh, W. B. Edwards and John S. Finch in Ihe village, were the next settlers. Amasa Burns lives where Mr. Sanders located and built a log house. The pioneer framed house was that of Gil- bert Dunning. He raised the first crops in the township. The first school-house was built in 1855. It was the one known as the Forest Hill school-house, between Dun- ning and the steam saw-mill, now operated by E. Simp- son. The first store was kept by Strong & Robinson, and the next by Eugene Snyder, who also had a store at Dunning several years. The pioneer tavern was at " Hunter Range," a mile below Dunning, at the intersec- tion of the Cobb road with the turnpike. This place was once famed for trout .' shing and whisky, and was a place of resort for the early settlers on rainy days. The next tavern was built by Harrison Rhodes at Dunning. It was burned a few years ago. It stood opposite the present Railroad House. The last named hotel, at the depot, was built in 1872 or 1873 by Crockett Robinson, and is now owned and kept by Jacob Garman, who pur- chased it of Truxell, of Wilkes-Barre, in 1875. George Slote kept the hotel built by Rhodes at the time it was burned. The first postmaster at Dunning was D. J. Peck. He was appointed in 1858 or 1859, and kept the office in the tannery office. The first and only resident physician is Dr. A. P. Gardner, of Glen Home farm. The first wedding was that of William Robinson and Miss Jane Dunning, and the first birth was that of Miss Ada Robinson. The first water power saw-mill is still standing at Dun- ning; it was built by Gilbert Dunning. The next was built by Peck & Stevens, farther down the stream. They sold to Dr. Throop, and the mill is now owned by Joshua Miller. The next two mills were built by Dr. Throop at Throops- ville. The first steam saw-mill was built by Dr. A. P. Gardner in 1857, a little south of Forest Hill. The first two mills on the same site were burned, and the one now standing is operated by Edward Simpson. The next steam saw-mill was built by Stout & Kreistick, on the mountain two miles southwest from Dunning; it is now owned by John Peck. The third steam saw-mill was that built by Eugene Snyder, about five miles southwest from Dunning, and now owned and operated by J. M. Rhodes. The tannery at Dunning was built in 1857 or 1858, by L. Maynard. He subsequently sold it to Strong Rob- inson & Co., and they to Eugene Snyder. It is now in the hands of Shultz, Southwick & Co., of New York. It has a capacity of tanning 50,000 sides of leather per year. Villages. Gilbert Dunning formerly owned all the land on which stands the village bearing his name. There are now at this place the tannery and the store of J. H. Snyder, a church (Baptist), a school-house, two hotels, the blacksmith shops of B. E. Whitman and B. Partridge, the carriage and coffin factory of W. B. Ed- wards and the planing-mill of C. C. Clay. E. W. Davis is the station agent and J. H. Snyder the postmaster. Forest Hill is a hamlet about a mile south of Dunning, where is situated Forest Hill Cemetery. The first mon- ument was that of Charles Thompson, who died in March, 1875. Here is also the only grist-mill in the township. It is owned by J. M. Rhodes, and was built in 1876. Mr. Rhodes also has a saw-mill, a store and a blacksmith shop here. ^¥ 4.¥ CHURCHES OF ROARING BROOK TOWNSHIP— EARLY DAYS IN SCOTT. 493 Churches of the Township. Methodist Episcopal. — The first preaching in Roaring Brook was in 1853, by a Methodist minister, at the house of J. M. Stevens, about a mile below Dunning. Services were held in the school-house on the Cobb road in sum- mer, and at the house of J. M. Stevens during the winter. The first class was formed, however, in a small building at Dunning, owned by S. S. Welsh and used as a school- house. This was in 1856. William C. Robinson was appointed leader. The other members were Margaret and Jennie Robinson, and J. M., Sarah W. and Elenora A. Stevens. The class was transferred in 1857 to the Forest Hill school-house, at the south side of the Forest Hill camp ground. The first pastor was David Davis, appointed in the spring of 1854. Rev G. A. Cure was appointed in the spring of 1880. The present class leader is J.M.Ste- vens; there are 26 members. The Sunday-school was organized in the Forest Hill school-house in 1858, with William C. Robinson as super- intendent and 16 pupils. The present superintendent is G. A. Megarget. The total number of scholars is 45; average attendance, 35. Baptist Church. — This church was organized March 19th, 1869, in the district school-house at Dunning, by Rev. J. C. Sherman. Eugene Snyder, Phineas Tuthill, Stephen and Elizabeth Vail, E. G. Harailton, A. L. and M. A. Burns, R. B. Wallace, S. E. Snyder and T. Seror were the members. The church edifice and lot were do- nated by Eugene Snyder, and the building was dedicated in 1870. The furniture was provided by the ladies of the church. The church and furniture cost $2,500. The pastors since Mr. Sherman have been Revs. George C. Craft, Charles M. Power, C. W. O. Nyce, P. S. Brewster and I. P. Fergens. The value of the church property is $2,500. The membership of the society is 30. The first superintendent of the Sunday-school was Phineas Tuthill, who had 60 scholars. The present su- perintendent is C. C. Clay, and there are 70 pupils. SCOTT TOWNSHIP. ' COTT was formed from Greenfield iri 1846, and named in honor of Hon. David Scott, one of the associate judges of Luzerne county. It had 1,132 inhabitants in 1870, and 1,263 m 1880. This is one of the townships across which the ndians traveled from the Susquehanna to the head waters of the Delaware. One of their camping grounds was near Scott village. Evidences of their lengthy or frequent campings have been and still are found here. The earliest and most prominent of the pioneers were Roger Orvis (1802), Micah Vail (1806), Seth Howe (1800J, Daniel Wall, James Brown, Joseph Berry (1S08), Elijah Hobbs, Caleb Brown, Joseph Sackett, William Sirarell, William Carey, Nathaniel Finch, Samuel Callender, Ben- jamin Wetherby, Dr. Westcott Stone; and the Graves family. Roger Orvis, from Vermont, located in 1802 at Orvis Corners. He built the pioneer log cabin in that part of the township, and made the first clearing. Micah Vail, from Orange county, N. Y., located the same year near Chapman's lake. Daniel Wall, from Rhode Island, and Elijah Hobbs, from Vermont, located near Orvis Corners. Joseph Berry, from Connecticut, located at Orvis Corners. The first grist-mill was built of logs by Seth Howe, in 1800, at the outlet of Chapman's lake, and run by a Mr. Hickman. It had but one run of rock stones. The water was conveyed from the outlet through troughs of logs to an overshot wheel. About the same time a small saw-mill was built by William Hierlihy at Brown Hollow. After a few yttars it went to decay. In 1804 James Brown built a saw-mill at Brown Hollow. This also went to decay after several years' use. A Mr. Gritman had a short lived grist-mill on the same stream. In 1806 or 1 808 Major Westcott Stone built grist and saw-mills on the west side of the township, where E. Stone now lives. They were destroyed by flood in 1811 or i8r2. James Brown built a grist-mill at Brown Hollow, and used the same stone that Mr. Gritman had used. In 1808 the only frame building in the township was a barn on the farm now owned by Charles Lowrey, a little north of Chapman's lake. It was built by William Sim- rell, who lived in a log house. The pioneer school-house was an old log building near Orvis Corners, and the first frame school-house was built at Orvis Corners in 1814, near where the present one stands. The first teacher was Josiah Pell. Soon after this there was a school-house near C. Lowrey's place, known as the " Hibbard school-house." Among the other early teachers were John Sherman, Fanny Hierlihy and Harriet McKinney. Milbury Burget and Joseph Berry were the first con- stables. The contracting parties to the first wedding were Joel Comstock and Nancy Cook. Esquire Roger Orvis, the pioneer justice of the peace, married them. Up to 1807 marked trees outlined the winding paths which were the only roads. In that year Joseph Berry made two miles of the road from Orvis Corners toward Abington. In 1823 the Dundaff turnpike was built through Scott to the foot of the mountain on the Car- bondale township line. At Carey's Corners Timothy Lomedue, who had a good sized log house on the line of travel, used to keep over night roost of the travelers, and his house become known as "Loitiedue's tavern." The first genuine tavern was kept by Henry Cobb, in i8i5,on the Hubbard place, north of Chapman's lake. His hotel was about twelve by fourteen feet, built of logs, of course, with the (tivo) different apartments furnished in the best style that slab benches or log stools and beds of hemlock or spruce boughs could afford. His larder was always well sup- *T T*' ^^ ^h '4U 494 HISTORY OF LACKAWANNA COUNTY. plied with " hog and hominy " and wild game. His barn was such as the outspreading branches of the noble forest trees furnished, as the stock was always tied under them at night. A creaking sign-board bore the follow- ing inscription: "cNTiirTaNeMeNT fore MaN eNd BeeST." The next tavern was kept by William Simrell, on the farm now owned by Charles Lowrey. This was also a log house, but somewhat modernized, having two apartments in the first story and three up-stairs. The getting up-stairs was done by a ladder, that the guests could pull up after them, which of course saved doors and locks. The pioneer store was kept for several years from 1821 by George Horbiger, on the old Hubbard farm, now owned by Clark Lowrey. Another store was started in 1828, on the north township line, by George and Israel Sheldon, who were succeeded by Charles Berry. In 1830 Newel D. Green opened a store near the site of the resi- dence of Joseph Carpenter, on the Abington turnpike. The first town meeting was held at the house of James Brown, at Brown Hollow. Subsequent ones were held at Samuel Vail's, near Orvis Corners, for several years, and they were finally transferred to the "Town Hall " at Brown Hollow. The pioneer shoemaker, Joseph Carpenter, was followed by Graves, Sharer and others. The pioneer physician, Westcott Stone, located in 1S06 near the Abington township line, on the plfce now owned by Beiidni Stone. The first postmaster was Charles Berry. He lived a little south of Heart lake, on the Dundaff turnpike. He was succeeded by Wilmot Vail, and he by Daniel Vail. The office was at first called Greenfield, and subsequently " Green Grove," when it was moved to its present loca- tion, about a mile south of Brown Hollow. The present postmaster is W. W. Simrell. The earliest mail carrier, Zephaniah Knapp, father of Dr. Knapp, of Pittsfon, is still living. The first property burned was the house and barn of Joseph Berry, which were totally destroyed, with their contents, in the autumn of 1813, subjecting the family to great hardship. Melaina Mills, now a resident of this township, was the first white child born in Dundaff. She was born Novem- ber 19th, 1798. Hollister says that during the "great blow" of July, 1834, she was blown out from her house into the meadow. She says this is a mistake that it was only her bed, which hung on the fence, that was blown out into the meadow, and not herself. Benoni Stone and Joseph Carpenter, natives of Rhode Island, came here among the early settlers. The former is aged 92, and the latter 90. Harry Vail and Earl Stone, who lived in this township in 18,08, are still here.' Deacon Berry, who lived here in 1808, now lives in Car- bondale city, aged 82. There are eleven school districts in the township, with good school-houses and teachers. Since the adoption of the State constitution in 1838 the following justices for the township of Scott have been elected : Warren W. Smith, 1850; Marcus Leonard, Sid- ney P. Stone, 1855; Nelson Callender, 1855, i860: John Wallace, i860; Chester B. Wetherby, 1865; Albert Graves, 1865, 1869, 1875; John B. Nichols, 1869; W. B. Hierlihy, 1870; M. B. Vosburg, 1874. Villages. Brown Hollmv y^a.'s, settled about 1800. At this place there are Baptist and Methodist Episcopal churches, a school-house, a hotel, a town hall, a blacksmith shop, a harness shop and a grist-mill, and about 150 inhabitants. Green Grove contains a store and a post-office, with W. W. Simrell as postmaster. Scott Village has a blacksmith and wagon shop, a saw- mill, a school-house, a store and a post-office. Religious. Elder Bishop is believed to have been the first preacher. He was buried at Brown Hollow. Elder John Millernext labored among this people for many years, preaching his last sermon about three months before he died. He was old and feeble, and had to be carried to the meeting in his chair, in which he sat and preached the funeral ser- mon of one of his old parishioners. The Mount Bethel Baptist Church was organized from the Abington Baptist Association June 15th, 1853. Its meeting house, at Brown Hollow, was built in 1856. Methodism in Scott. — The first Methodist class in this township was formed in the summer of 1870, with 15 members, and A. H. Benedict as leader. The class was made a society in the spring of 187 1, Rev. S. J. Austin pastor. The meetings were held in the village school- house till the completion of the church edifice. Mr. Austin was succeeded in the spring of 1873 by Rev. N. J. Hawley. The society commenced building its church in the spring of 1874, and dedicated it November 4th, 1875- The pastors have been: Revs. S. J. Austin, 1871-73; N. J. Hawley, 1873-76; J. B. Sauter, 1876-79; William J. Hill since. The trustees are William B. Hierlihy (president), Na- thaniel Decker (secretary), Leonard Hopfer, Harrison Hopfer, S. J. Cook, Jerome Grosvener and A. H. Bene- dict, who is also the class leader. The membership is 114. SPRING BROOK TOWNSHIP. , HIS township was formed from Covington, Novemb:r 22nd, 1853. The population in- 1870 was 426, and in 1880, 658. The north half was originally owned _ by Dr. Hoosic and the south half by a ri^ Mr. Fisher, except 800 acres at Yostville, owned by H. W. Drinker. The first settlement was made in 1832 by Abraham Turner, on the present Evjn Williams estate, near the center of the township. Bar- »^= =Hh t^H= <¥ BEGINNINGS IN SPRING BROOK TOWNSHIP— VILLAGES. 49S ney Carey, in 1832 or 1833, located on what is now the James Slote place. In 1833 Morgan Daniels located where William Daniels now lives, and the same year Wil- liam Thomas settled where William D. Thomas now lives, in the southeast part of the township. G. Laugher located about 1832 where he now lives, south of Spring Brook village. In 1847 G. Y. Haines came to his pres- ent place. The pioneer saw-mill was built in 1830 by one Yeager, at the mouth of Panther creek on Spring brook. The next mill was built soon after by A. Dolph, just below the present residence of G. Y. Haines. William Dole and brother built a mill about 1845, on Spring brook, directly south of G. Y. Haines's place. There was a large busi- ness done there for a while, but finally the mills were abandoned. Edward Dolph built the fourth mill on Spring brook, subsequently owned by Foxell brothers of Scranton The first framed house was built by Jonathan Price, on the N. Kesler place, a little north of G. Y. Haines's. Soon after this John Longshore built a framed house where William Ward lives, on the east side of the town- ship. The next one was built by John Thomas where G. Y. Haines lives. John Edwards built the house where R. Mathews lives, which was at the time the best house in the township. The pioneer school-house was bijilt in 1832. It was a framed building, and stood on the site of the Calvinistic Methodist church. The first school was taught by Miss Emeline Griffin. Among the first pupils were Mary Thomas, William Daniels and Nathan Turner, who are still living. The old school-house was also used for singing school, and the first " singing master " was Wil- liam Morgan. A tannery was built by James Parry at Rattlesnake falls in 1845. The business was abandoned in a few years and the property is now owned by Edward Dolph. The first road was from Spring Brook village to Dale- ville, in Covington, and the next one from Spring Brook to Pittston. The first bridges were built on the Pittston road, by David Dale. He built three of them. The earliest wedding occurred in 1835. The contract- ing parties were Morgan Pugh and Mrs. Margaret Davis. The pioneer baby was born in 1834; namely, Caleb W., son of Abraham and Mary Turner. The first death was that of Thomas Williams, who was killed by a 'falling tree, on the farm now owned by William Snyder. Mor- gan Pugh was crippled by the same accident. The oldest grave yard is the one opposite James Slote's house, be- tween the Methodist Episcopal and Independent Method- ist churches. The first postmaster was William C. Turner, who was appointed in i860. His office was at the forks of the road, where William Davis now lives. The first mail carrier was George Swartz, who still carries the mail be- tween Moscow and this place. The railroad for trans- porting lumber, built by Sax and Hesler, up Spring brook from Moosic to near the mouth of Plank road creek, is now owned by George Carey. The following were the justices of the peace and the years of their election previous to the township being merged in Lackawanna county: Nathan Turner, 1856, i86r; William C. Turner, 1864; Matthew Laugher, 1869; Frank Irving, 1876; George Y. Haines, 1878. In the spring of 1880 there were no voters registered in this township. Hamlets. Spring' Brook is the oldest settlement in the township. There is here one store, kept by William Davis, who is also the postmaster. Here are three churches. The Methodist Episcopal was built in 1866. The society has a membership of 12. The preacher is Rev. John Sweet. The Independent Methodist church was built in 1869. The membership of the society numbers 39. The minis- ter is the Rev. Mr. Evans. The Calvinistic Methodist church is, like the othtrs, a wooden building, and was built in 1871. The society numbers 12 members. The present pastor is Rev. William R. Matthews. The first man who held religious services in this township was Rev. Evan Evans, an Independent Methodist clergy- man, who came here in 1830 or 1832. There are at this place about 100 inhabitants. At Maple Lake there are a steam saw-mill, a black- smith shop, a school-house, and about 75 inhabitants. Yostvillc, on the east border of the township, was settled in 1870, when Yost, Pile & Co. built a steam saw- mill, a store and several dwellings. Joshua Yost now owns the property. A post-office was established here in 1876, and Joshua Yost has always been postmaster. Quite a large lumbering business is done here by Joshua Yost & Son, most of the lumber being delivered on cars at Moscow, on the D., L. and W. Railroad. 4 =k¥ ^^ WYOMING COUNTY. CHAPTER I. RELICS OF AN EARLIER RACE ORGANIZATION OF WYOM- ING COUNTY OFFICERS AND REPRESENTATIVES. (LONG the Susquehanna and its tributaries, within the present territory of Wyoming county, evidences are found of the former existence of Indian towns at different points. These evidences consist of the relics which are discovered in abundance at these places, not alone of weapons and hunting implements, but of such simple domestic utensils and ornaments of shell and terra cotta as were in use among the pre-Columbian Indians. In some of these localities such relics are so abundant as to attract the attention of casual observers, and -considerable collections of them have been made. Had these places been examined by a practiced archae- ologist before they were many times disturbed by the plow, the size, form and even the age of these villages might have been determined M'ith a reasonable degree of accuracy. Gradually, however, all traces of the people who formerly inhabited these regions are becoming fainter, and as time goes on they will be wholly oblit- erated. The county of Wyoming was formed out of the north- ern part of Luzerne, by an act of Assembly approved April 4th, 1842. When the petition for its organization was presented to the Legislature the petitioners asked that it might be called Putnam — the name of one of the certified townships in the county. Through the influence of a member from Luzerne county the name Wyoming was substituted for Putnam, and thus the act passed. Henry Colt, of Luzerne county, George Mack, of Colum- bia county, and John Boyle, of Susquehanna county, were by the act appointed commissioners to survey and mark the boundary lines of the county. By a supplemen- tary act, approved June 28th the same year, the present boundaries were established, and it was ordered that three commissioners be appointed by the governor to locate the county seat. The act also provided for the election of county ofificers on the second Tuesday in October, 1842; and until such ofificers were elected and qualified the government of Wyoming was to be admin- istered by the ofificers of Luzerne county. It was provided by section 10 of the act that '' the inhabitants of the counties of Luzerne and Wyoming shall jointly elect two members to the House of Representatives of this commonwealth ; and the inhabi- tants of the counties of Luzerne, Wyoming, Wayne, Pike and Monroe shall elect one member of the Senate of this commonwealth ; and the inhabitants of the counties of Luzerne, Columbia and Wyoming shall elect one member of Congress." The county was an- nexed to the northern district of the Supreme Court, and made a part of the eleventh judicial district of the com- monwealth. The Luzerne county jail was to be used by this county three years, or until a jail was erected in Wyoming county. The commissioners appointed to locate the county seat and public bnildings were Hendrick B. Wright, of Lu- zerne, S. J. Headly, of Columbia, and Thomas Gratton, of Monroe. These commissioners in the autumn of 1842 determined on Tunkhannock as the county seat, and the square now bounded by Marion, Washington, Warren and Putnam streets for the public buildings. The ground, which was then a part of a farm and cultivated as such, was donated to the county by Thomas T. Slocum. The first court house and jail were erected in 1843, with funds (about $5,000), raised by subscription among the citizens of Tunkhannock and vicinity. They were erected under the supervision of a committee appointed by the subscribers, and afterward turned over to the county commissioners, by whom they were furnished at th? expense of the county. The contractor who built them was Thos. H. Parker. They were brick structures — the first brick buildings erected in the borough. The courthouse was forty feet square, two stories in height. The second story was wholly occupied as a court room, and the public offices and jury rooms were on the first floor. The first session of the court held in this house was in 1844. Previous sessions had been held in the Methodist and Presbyterian churches. The public of- 4* WILLIAM KOONS, Shicksl^inny. Luzerrje County. Pittston. "^^^ — , Luzerne County. LUTHER TRESCOTT, Luzerne County'. >1rs. M.L.T.HARTMAM, Uniori. Luzerne County. t '»■!/." ''"eosCv 1 1 *k 3**1 i f^ ^ • -.-. ^-;!i '.J "^ ifi \\ COURT HOUSE, TUNKHANNOCK .WYOMING CO.,PA. 4 WYOMING COUNTY ]^UII,DINGS— CIVIL LIST— JUDGE JESSUP. 497 fices were kept in a building on what was then kjiown as Turnpike street. This building was subsequently taken down to make way for the canal. The jail, which stood about 150 feet in the rear of the court-house, had a stone basement, in which were four cells for prisoners, and a superstructure of brick for the sheriff or jailer's residence. It was first occupied as a prison in 1844. These buildings were occupied with no more than ordinary repairs till the erection of the present court-house and jail. The present jail was erected in 1866, on the west side of Slocum street. It is of stone, one story in height, with a brick front of two stories for a sheriff's residence. The jail proper is 33 by 35 feet. It has six cells and has a capacity for ten prisoners. The brick front is 32 by 46. The cost of the whole was $15,520, including extras. G. W. Lung was the architect and Charles Place the contractor. In 1869, by authority of the Legislature, the county is- sued bonds to the amount of $r5,ooo, for the repair of the court-house and improvement of the public grounds. On the 15th of May, 1869, a contract was given John W. Crawford for the repair of the old court-house and- the erection of a new front, constituting in fact almost a new structure, for the sum of $18,980. The actual cost of the building, which was completed by Charles Place, the surety of the contractor, was $^24,880, the additional $5,- goo being for extra work directed by the commissioners. The building was completed and accepted in 1870. The front is 76 by 40 feet, three stories in height, with a rear projection of two stories, 70 feet square. 'I'he whole is of brick, covered with cement. The architect was D. R. Nott. While the court-house was in process of repair the court was held in the basement of the Methodist church. The public offices were kept in the second story of Little's building, on the east side of Warren street. But two members of Congress have been chosen from this county since its organization, and each but for part of a term. Hon. Chester Butler, of Wilkes-Barre, died October 5th, 1850, and John Brisbin, then a member of the Wyom'ng county bar, was elected to supply the vacancy in Congress caused by Mr. Butler's death. Mr. Brisbin represented the district until the close of the ensuing session, March 4th, 1851, a period of about two months from the date of his election. In the fall of 1872 Hon. U. Mercur, of Towanda, who then represented this district in Congress, was chosen one of the justices of the Supreme Court, and resigned his seat in Congress. F. C. Bunnell, of Tunkhannock, was elected to supply the vacancy, and held the office until the end of the ensuing session, March 4th, 1873. As State senators Hon. William M. Piatt, of Tunk- hannock, was elected in the fall of 1858, and Hon. P. M. Osterhout, also of Tunkhannock, in the fall of 1868. Each held for one term. Members of the State House of Representatives from this county have been elected as follows: 1843, John P. Smith; 1844, Thomas Morley; 1845, 1846, Schuyler Fassett 1847, 1848, Bobert B. Little; 1849, Ezekiel Mowry; 1850, Ezekiel Mowry, jr; 1853, John D. Denison; 1854, John Sturdevant; 1855, 1857, John V. Smith; 1856, Alfred Hine; 1859, Samuel Oaks; 1860, Thomas Osterhout; 1861, George S. Tutlon; IfiBi, 1885, Peter M. Osterhout; 1866, Jacob Kennedy; 1867, Ziba Lott; 1871,1872, Martin Brunges; 1873, Robert E. Little; 1874, Giles Roberts; 1876, John Jackson; 1878, 1879, A. W. Stevens. The following sheriffs have been elected in the years stated. It is a remarkable fact that all these gentlemen are now (1880) living. 1842, Thomas Osterhout ; 1845, James Kelly ; 1848, John Jackson j 1851, Gordon Swetland; 18.54, James B. Harding; 1857, ZIba Billings; 1880, Levi H. Stevens; 1863, Alvira Gay; 1860, Moses W. Dewitt; 1869, Har- rison Comstook ; )872, Edwin Stevens ; 1875, H. T. Carter ; 1878, Geoorge L. Kennard. The following prothonotaries have been elected: 1842, George Brown; 1845, 1848, Peter M. Osterhout; 1851, Thomas A. Miller; 1854, 1857. Daniel D. Dewitt; I860, 1863, 1878, Ziba Lott; 1866, 1869, Ephraim J. Keeney ; 1872, 1875, A. B. Fitch. The county commissioners elected were: 1842, William R. Robinson, Henry Roberts, Gordon Pike; 1843, Gordon Pike; 1844, John Sturdevant, Samuel Harding; 1845, John Townsend; 1846, Samuel Stark; 1847, Ashbel Lee; 1848, Stephen Capwell; 1849, Cyrus L. Vaughn; 1850, Josiah Rogers; 1861, Joseph Burgess; 1852, David Patrick: 1853, M. W. Newberry ; 1854, Josiah Fassett ; 1855, James Townsend ; 1856, John Lum ; 1857, Hafrison Comstock ; 18.58, Benjamin P. Carver ; 1659, Lewis Armstrong ; 1800, James W. Garey ; 1861, Francis Hough ; 1862, Theron Vaughn ; 1863, Edwin Stevens ; 1804, Hiram Bodle ; 1865, Lewis Cook ; 1803, G. W. Sherwood'; 1867, William B. Overfield ; 1808, William F. Carl ; 1869, George Henning ; 1870, Keim ; 1871, George Jayne ; 1872, B. M. Hall ; 1873, George W. Stark ; 1874, Calvin Robinson ; 1875, Philip Thomas, Theodore Williams, Reuben Bendor; 1878, John G. Herman, William Sicklcr, Asa H. Frear. The population of Wyoming county was 12,540 in i860, and 14,585 in 1870. The census of 1880 was in progress during the preparation of this work, and showed the population to be 15,684 plus that of Lemon, which we were unable to learn in time to include. CHAPTER II. THE BENCH AND THE BAR OF WYOMING COUNTY. ?N 1842, when the act creating the county of Wyoming was passed, Hon. William Jessup, of Montrose, was the president judge of the •f^ judicial district including the new county. This eminent judge had enjoyed a large ex- perience in the judicial ofifice before assuming the bench in Wyoining, at the first term of court held therein, in the spring of 1843. In 1850 the elective judiciary amendment of the State constitution was rati- fied by a majority of the popular vote, and the commis- sions of the existing judges, who had held their offices by executive appointment, expired soon afterward. On retiring from the bench Judge Jessup opened an office at Montrose. After a few years of practice he was pros- trated by a lingering disease, which incapacitated him for labor of every sort, and of which he finally died. As a jurist Judge Jessup had few superiors. His most con- spicuous characteristic was quickness of comprehension. Generally his opinions were formed on the instant, and ♦^ 7^ ^^ 498 HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. ^^ rarely changed. They experienced their full proportion of reversals by the Supreme Court. Hon. John W. Conyngham, his successor on the bench of Wyoming county, had also enjoyed a considerable ex- perience upon the bench. He resided at Wilkes-Barre. Wyoming county was attached to his district shortly be- fore the elective judiciary amendment went into effect. On the expiration of the commission which he held by appointment he was elected by the people in the fall of 1851 for ten years. In 1856 Luzerne county was made a separate judicial district. In Judge Conyngham's per- formance of official duty friendship and enmity were alike powerless to move him a hair's breadth from the path indicated by his intelligent and conscientious com- prehension of the law. His record is without a blemish. In 1856 Wyoming, Columbia, Montour and Sullivan counties were formed into a judicial district, and Hon. Warren J. Woodward was appointed president judge thereof. He was elected in the fall of that year and served until 1862; then lT6ld the judgeship of Schuylkill county until his promotion to tlie Supreme Court, of which he was serving his second term as a member at the time of his death, in the fall of 1879. His mental ability was of a high order, and his published opinions in the Supreme Court reports abundantly attest his capacity as a judge. A. K. Peckham, of Tunkhannock, succeeded Judge Woodward by appointment. In the fall of 1862 Hon. William Ehvell, then of To- wanda, Pa., was elected president judge of this district, and in 1872 he was re-elected, without opposition, for a second term of ten years. By an act of 1874 provision was made' for the appointment of an additional law judge, and Thomas J. Ingham, of Laporte, Sullivan county, was appointed. Later in the same session a supplement was passed making a separate district of Wyoming and Sulli- van counties. This act limited Judge Elwell's regular services to the counties of Columbia and Montour. It is entirely safe to say that no Common Pleas judge in the State stands higher in the eslimntion of the legal pro- fession than he. Mr. Ingham was elected president judge in the fall of 1874, and is still serving. ASSOCIATE JUDGES. Perrin Ross, of Tunkhannock borough, and William S. Jayne; of Washington township, were commissioned as associate judges for the county of Wyoming on the 25th of February, 1843. Judge Ross survived his appoint- ment but about one year. Judge Jayne continued in of- fice until the termination of his commission by the eltc- tive judiciary amendment. On the 3d of February, 1845, Persifer Lemon, then of Windham township, was com- missioned in place of Judge Ross, and he held the office five years. Sherman D. Phelps, of Tunkhannock bor- ough, was appointed on the 12th of February, 1850. His official term was abridged by the operation of the consti- tutional amendment referred to. In 1851, at the first election of judges, Washington Stansberry, of Tunkhan- nock, and Nicholas Overfield, of Washington township, were elected associate judges for five years. In 1856 Henry Love, of Mehoopany township, and Ira Avery, of Tunkhannock borough, were elected; in i86r Samuel Roberts, of Falls, and Dr. Nathan Wells, of Meshoppen. Pending his official term Judge Roberts entered the army, and was killed before Petersburg. In his place Henry Roberts, his father, was appointed on the 27th of July, 1864. Dr. John V. Smith, of Tunkhannock borough, was elected in the fall of the same year for the regular term, and in 1866 Gordon Pike,of North Moreland township, was chosen to succeed Judge Wells. In 1869 Harvey Sickler, of Tunkhannock borough, succeeded Dr. Smith. In 1872 he resigned. C. D. Gearhart, of Tunkhannock borough, was appointed as his successor, and at the ensuing elec- tion he was elected. In 1871 George Osterhout, of Tunk- hannock township, was elected as the successor of Judge Pike. In 1876 James Phoenix, of Monroe township, suc- ceeded Judge Osterhout, and in the fall of 1878 Paul Billings, of Tunkhannock borough, was chosen as the successor of Judge Gearhart. THE WYOMING COUNTY BAR. In the formation of Wyoming county a considerable list of causes whose sihcs was within the limits of the new county were transferred from Luzerne,and this occupied the attention of the Common Pleas largely for several succes- sive terms, giving to the young lawyers ample employment. About a year before the organization of the new county James Holliday and A. K. Peckham opened offices at Tunkhannock. William H. Miller, having graduated at the Carlisle Law School, opened an office some six months later, and on the ist of March, 1843, R. R. Little, Esq., having been admitted at Montrose, Susquehanna county, in September of the previous year, also located at the seat of the new county and formed a partnership with Mr. Miller. These were the only law offices in this county until after the first term of court. Mr. Holliday, after the close of the September term of 1843, removed to Milwaukie, Wis. Late in the fall of 1843 Mr. Miller re- turned to Carlisle. Mr. Peckham continued in practice until his death, in 1865. Of the four gentlemen named above Mr. Little is now (February, 1880,) the sole survivor, and he has not yet completed.his sixtieth year. With the exception of three terms of Legislative service at Harris- burg and about one year of service as judge advocate of a special naval court at Washington, Mr. Little's life has been spent in the active pursuit of his profession in Wy- oming county, until his recent substantial withdrawal from the practice, on account of the wear and strain of forensic life upon a physical constitution never very ro- bust. His forensic career of about thirty-five years was especially distinguished by his uniform courtesy of de- portment toward the younger members of the bar, and by his fixed purpose to maintain in his own practice the dig- nity, integrity and high character of his profession. At the first term of court John Brisbin — having just completed his term of study — was admitted, and William M. Piatt, admitted at the ensuing terra, formed with Mr. Brisbin the firm of Brisbin & Piatt. =^N ^^ =J=^ ?= THE BAR OF WYOMING COUNTY. 499 The firm continued until about 1854, when Mr. Brisbin entered the service of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, and removed to Scranton. He died at Newark, N. J., on the 3d of February, 1880. Mr. Piatt has practiced here until the present, except a few months in or about 1863 in Towanda, and a senator- ial term at Harrisburg, ending about 1856. S. S. Winchester was admitted at the September term of 1843, and about ten years later removed to Wilkes- Barre. Edward Elwell, from Bradford county, located at Tunkhannock late in 1843; was associated with Mr. Little in business for about two years, and soon afterward re- moved to Sheboygan,Wis. Elhanan Smith was a member of the bar of this county for ten years from 1844. During a considerable portion of this time he was associated with Mr. Peckham, in the firm of Peckham & Smith; after- ward with F: C. Ross in the firm of Smith & Ross. F. C. Ross was admitted in 1847, opened an oflfice-soon afterward and continues in practice. George S. Tutton practiced at Tunkhannock from 1847 until his death, in 1866. B. F. Harding came to the bar of this his native county late in 1847; was associated with Mr. Little — under whose directions he had studied — during the ab- sence of the latter at Harrisburg at the Legislative ses- sion of 1848, and in the spring of that year removed to Illinois. He is now president judge of a judicial dis- trict in Oregon. E. H. Little, Esq., since 1849 a prom- inent member of the bar of Columbia county, associated himself with his brother, R. R. Little, in the fall of 1848, and occupied the office of the latcer during his second Legislative term, in 1849. John J. Millon located at Tunkhannock about 1850; was soon after appointed prosecuting officer for the county, and died about 1855. Milton Dana located at Tunkhannock about the same time and removed to Texas a few years later. P. M. Osterhout, Esq., came to the bar of this his native county in 1852 — having held the office of protho- notary during the two preceding terms. Mr. Osterhout was associated with Mr. Little two years, and, with the exception of two terms as representative and one as senator at Harrisburg, his practice has been without interruption. During the past few years, from inclination rather than from failure of either physical or mental power, he has withdrawn from the more active and laborious duties of the profession, though he yet appears occasionally in the courts, as active and apparently as vigorous as in his early prime. R. R. Ross was admitted in 1853, and soon afterward joined his brother, F. C. Ross, in the present firm of F. C. and R. P. Ross. Harvey Sickler came to the bar in 1856, and soon afterward became district attorney. In 1861, or thereabout, he closed his law office, and assumed the charge of the Wyoming Democrat, having published which for several years he sold to its present publisher, and was elected to the office of associate judge. He re- signed in 1872, and has since been practicing. Jacob Dewitt was admitted in 1857, and was associated with Mr. Little until about 1863, when he removed to To- wanda. George P. Knowles was admitted in 1862, and occupied the office of Judge Peckham that year. When Judge Elwell succeeded to the bench Mr. Knowles re- moved from this county. Stanley *W. Little, Esq., was admitted about 1863; was associated with his uncle, R. R. Little, about one year, when he removed to Bradford county, engaged in mercantile business for a few years, and afterward resumed the practice of law at Towanda, where he still resides. John B. Rhoads was admitted in 1865, and removed to Kansas about 1869. O. L. Parrish came to the bar in 1865. He was register and recorder one term; then practiced till 1872, when he removed to Chicago. W. E. Little, Esq., entered the profession in 1866, and joined his father, R. R. Little, in business in the same year. From 1869 to 1872 he was one of the firm of Little & Sittser, and since about 1872 he and his younger brother, C. A. Little, Esq., have composed the firm of W. E. & C. A. Little. George W. Dewitt, ad- mitted in 1867, was associated with Mr. Osterhout a short time, but never opened a separa_te office. John A. Sittser came to the bar in 1868; formed a partnership with W. E. Little in 1869, and resumed practice by himself in 1873. He is now associated with Henry Harding in the firm of Sittser & Harding. F. Ansart, Esq., has practiced here since 1870 save while engaged as chief civil engineer in the laying out and construction of the Montrose Rail- way. James W. Piatt was admitted in 187 1, and has since been associated with his father, W. M. Piatt. In the fall of 1874 he was elected district attorney. C. A. Little, Esq., was admitted in 1871, and since about 1872 has been a member of the firm of W. E. & C. A. Little. Henry Harding was admitted in 1874 and since 1875 has been a member of the firm of Sittser & Harding. B. W. Lewis, admitted in 1874, has continued in business since. J. Wood Piatt was admitted in 1876, and is associated with his father and brother, W. M. and James W. Piatt. C. O. Dershimer was admitted and elected district attorney in 1877. Charles E. Terry was admitted at the November term of 1879. William A. Wilcox, of Nichol- son borough, was admitted at the January term of 1880. The foregoing, except Mr. Wilcox, have had their offices at Tunkhannock. T. J. Chase was admitted some ten years ago; opened an oflice in Nicholson, and removed to Wilkes-Barre about three years ago. S. L. Tiffany, admitted about the same time, still has an office in Nicholson. Mr. Tutton and Judge Peckham died in their prime. With the exception of a term of service as member of the Legislature, the former's practice was without interrup- tion to the time of his death. He was a cautious, pains- taking and strictly upright lawyer, and an accomplished musician; especially eminent as a composer and per- former of band music. Judge Peckham was of an exci- table temperament, and rather aggrecsive in his method of dealing with opposing witnesses and their testimony, but by no means without self-control. In trials, his chief strength was said to consist in his remarkable ability to make the most of a bad cause by the ingenious use of ir- relevant testimony, and in giving to it an aspect of rele- vancy in his comments to the jury. =^^ f^H- ■f 500 HIS'^ORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. As a whole, the bar of Wyoming county has always been a strong one; and, as a rule, the litigated cases have been ably prepared and thoroughly tried. CHAPTER III. CANAL AND RAILROAD COMMUNICATIONS IN WYOMING COUNTY. HE first letting of the North Branch Canal in this county was at Tunkhannock, in 1838. Thaddeus Stevens and John Dickey, as com- missioners, were present. The section through the narrows, or the rock jobs, as they were called, were let at that time. In 1842 the North Branch Canal Company was chartered, but in 1849 ^^^ work was resumed by the State and the other sections, through the flats and the rocks, aqueducts, etc., were put under contract. In 1852 the first boat passed up this canal through what is now Wyoming county. It bore the name of " Seth Clover," who was one of the canal commissioners at that time. The northern division of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad passes through the townships of Clinton and Nicholson. It has stations at Factoryville and Nicholson borough. Between- them a hill was for- merly surmounted by a zigzag. This is now replaced by a tunnel. During 1868 the Lehigh Valley Railroad was completed to a point a mile below the borough of Tunkhannock. The telegraph line of the road was completed to this point during the presidential election in that year, and the news of the result was transmitted on that line. The bridge over the Tunkhannock creek was not com- pleted till 1870. During that year trains ran through to Waverly, where connection was made with the Erie. In the summer of 1868 an interest began to be felt in the project of a railroad between Montrose, and some point on the Pennsylvania and New York Canal and Rail- road Company's road in Wyoming county. At a meeting held in Montrose in January, 1869, " W. H. Jessup and A. J. Turrell were appointed to prepare a charter and obtain an act of incorporation by the Legislature for a railroad from some point on the Lehigh vallev road, at or near Tunkhannock or Meshoppen, to the State line of New York, with a view to connecting with the Albany and Susquehanna railroad at Binghamton." According to a report made January 8th, 1872, the Montrose Rail- road Company was organized at a meeting held in Spring- ville on the 27th of April, 1871, and the following officers were chosen: President, James I. Blakeslee; directors, William H. Cooper, Samuel H. Sayre, H. R. Sherman, Samuel Stark, C. L. Brown, C. M. Gere, D. Thomas, G. E. Palen, W. H. Jessup, S. Tyler, B. F. Blakeslee and Felix Ansart. The survey of the route was commenced May iSth, 1871, and the road was put under contract .the same year. Trains ran over it in 1872. The grading, bridging, etc., were done by the company at a cost of $100,000; and by an arrangement with the Pennsylvania and New York Canal and Railroad Company the super- structures were furnished and put on it by the latter, at an expense of $200,000, for which it was paid in the stock of the Montrose Railroad Company at par. The chief engineer was Felix Ansart. The road is equipped with two locomotives, two passenger cars, a baggage and mail car, and the requisite number of flat and box cars_ It has declared no dividends, but has paid running ex- penses and interest on its bonded debt, except for the year 1879, in which there was a deficiency of $50. The president is James I. Blakeslee. The directors are Rob- ert Clotz, Charles O. Skeel, S. D. Thomas, H. R. Sher- man, C. M. Gere, William J. Mulford, E. F. Palen, Ben- jamin F. Blakeslee, Sylvanus Tyler, Samuel H. Sayre, Azor Lathrop and Paul Billings. CHAPTER IV. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES WYOMING COUNTY BIBLE SO- CIETY MILITARY COMPANIES. BOUT 1855 was organized the Wyoming County Agricultural Society. It was not incorporat- ed, and was under a code of laws voluntarily adopted. Its first president was Elisha Sharp. The society leased and temporarily fitted up a lot of five acres, a portion of which is now the Tunkhannock cemetery; and on this ground three annual fairs were held. At these fairs creditable exhibitions were made, and the balance be- tween the receipts and expenditures was nearly even. The society ceased to exist after the third fair. On the 30th of August, 1876, another society was or- ganized, with a perpetual charter, under the name of the Wyoming County Agricultural Society. It was organized as a stock company, under the provisions of the act of 1874. The capital stock was fixed at $2,000, in eighty shares. The corporators were Henry W. Chase, A. B_ Fitch, H. W. Bardwell, F. L. Sittser, Charles M. Leej James W. Pratt, H. P. Carter, Harvey Sickler, F. C. Bun- nell, J. W. Dinsmore, D. D. Dewitt; B. W. Lewis. The first officers were: F. C. Bunnell, president; S. J. Hard- ing, vice-president; C. M. Lee, clerk; B. W. Lewis, treas- urer; directors, Harvey Sickler, Albert Townsend, E. F. Avery, B. P. Carver, Alvin Day, H. W. Bardwell and Jonathan Jenkins. September 25th, 1876, the society leased of S. J. Hard- ing, for a fair g;round, twenty-one acres in the township of Eaton, about three-fourths of a mile from the borough of Tunkhannock. This ground was at once enclosed and fitted up, and in the latter part of October of the same H^= =^^ WYOMING COUNTY BIBLE SOCIETY AND MILITIA COMPANIES. S°i year a fair was held. The grounds have been still further improved; commodious pens and an exhibition building have been erected, a driving track and a grand stand have been constructed, and annual fairs have been held. These fairs have been sustained with increasing interest, and the exhibits have year by year increased in number and quality. The president, vice-president and treasurer elected in 1876 have served since. James W. Piatt has been secre- tary since 1877. The present directors are Harvey Sick- ler, Albert Townsend, B. P. Carver, H. P. Carter, Jona- than Jenkins, Ziba Billings and N. J. Harding. WYOMING COUNTY BIBLE SOCIETY. This society, which had had a previous existence, was reorganized in the spring of 1864, with Ira Avery presi- dent, Samuel Stark secretary, Peter M. Osterhout treas- urer, and S. S. Kennedy agent. During 1864 an explor- ation of the county was made by the agent, and the fol- lowing are the statistical results reported by him: Sermons and addresses delivered, 54; families visited, 1,400; families found destitute of the Bible, 64; destitute families supplied by sale, 42; by gift, 16; prices of Bibles given to destitute, $9.60; Bibles sold, 227; Testaments sold, 300; total volumes distributed, 543; received for sale of books, $568.60: collections, $2 j 1.48. There has been no canvass of the county for Bible dis- tribution since 1864. A Bible depository is kept for the society by O. B. Mills, in Tunkhannock. VOLUNTEER MILITIA COMPANIES. The first company of National Guard formed in Wyoming county was organized March 19th, 1871, under the name of Wyoming County Veterans. It was composed wholly of veterans of the war of 1861-65. ^• W. Bannatyne, formerly captain of Company B S2nd Pennsylvania volunteers, was chosen captain, William Brooks first lieutenant, and M. L. McNeil second lieu- tenant. The company comprised some of the best citi- zens of the county. Captain Bannatyne was promoted in October, 187 1, aide de camp on the staff of General Osborne, with the rank of major. The other commis- sioned officers were promoted in regular gradation, and H. W. Bardwell was made second lieutenant. When the gth regiment of the National Guard of Pennsylvania was organized this company was made a part of it. Lieu- tenant Bardwell became adjutant of the regiment, and John Broughton was made second lieutenant in his place. The company continued in existence till the reorganiza- tion of the National Guard in 1878, when it was dis- banded by a general order. By reason of the service which the veterans composing this company had seen, and its remoteness from the scene of the mining and railroad strikes and riots, the company was relied on with no distrust for the preservation of peace when the regiment was called out to suppress these riots. The Eaton Rifles, an independent military company, was organized in May, 187 1, with James B. Harding cap- tain, Samuel Fruchey first lieutenant, and N. Atherton second lieutenant. The members of the company were residents of the township of Eaton. The company was attached to the 9th division of the uniformed militia of the State, and constituted a part of a battalion under Major R. W. Bannatyne. It acquired reasonable profi- ciency in military drill. It was not called into actual ser- vice, but at the time of the Williamsport riot it was during two days kept in readiness for moving. With the Wyoming County Veterans it participated in several pa- rades and celebrations, among which was one at Wilkes- Barre, July 4th, 1872. On the organization of the 9th regiment N. G. P. this company was disbanded by a general order. =H^ -^U TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH HISTORIES, WYOMING COUNTY. BRAINTRIM TOWNSHIP. RAINTRIM township is among the first or- ganized within the present limits of Wyo- ming county, and formerly embraced Mes- hoppen and a portion of Washington town- ships. It is supposed to have been named after Braintree in Connecticut, whence some of the early settlers came. It had 621 inhabitants in 1870, and gained 50 before 1880. The Pioneer Period. Most of the early white inhabitants were migratory hunters and trappers. Occasionally patches of the rich bottom lands along the river were cleared and cultivated by the Indians or transitory white men, but only two settlements are known to have been made previous to the Revolution. John Depew located at the mouth of Tuscarora creek before 1776 under the Pennsylvania title. His farm passed into the hands of William Hooker Smith, and was for a time occupied by his son, James Smith. Depew was a Pennamite and a tory, and was for a time a prisoner in the hands of the " Yankee " settlers in the Wyoming valley. Frederick Vanderlip settled on Black Walnut bottom previous to the Revolution, on a large tract which he also held under the Pennsylvania title. Here he opened a tavern, which soon became a favorite stopping point. General Sullivan's army encamped here on the night of the 4th of August, 1779, on its march up the river. No other settlements were attempted until about 1786, when immigrants, for the most part direct from Connec- ticut, began to locate along the river. Between 1786 and 1794 a dozen or more families of them had begun to hew out permanent homes in this wilderness. Prominent among the first permanent settlers were the Keeneys, from Litchfield county, Conn. (Mark and his sons Richard and Joshua, and Thomas, a distant relative or Mark), many of whose descendants still live in the town- ship. Thomas Keeney, a native of Connecticut, with his family, came from New York State in the spring of 1786 and settled near Keeney's Ferry. Here he built a tem- porary shanty on the southwest bank of the river. The same season he built a comfortable log house on the op- posite bank, in Braintrim (the site of which abode was long since washed away), and the following autumn moved his family into it, thus becoming the first settle- in the township west of Skinner's Eddy. His wife and his daughter Mercy were the heroines of several courage- ous exploits. It is related that Mercy once kept a pan- ther treed near Rocky Forest, while a party of men went a mile or more for fire arms with which the beast was dispatched. Thomas Keeney and his wife returned to New York State in three or four years, leaving the place in possession of their daughter and son-in-law, Richard Keeney. Richard and Joshua Keeney came to the Wyoming valley in 1787. The following year Richard came to Braintrim, where he was married September 18th, 1788, to Mercy Keeney. He became a permanent settler on the farm which his father-in-law had com- menced to improve, and which is still in possession of some of his descendants. He early established the Keeney Ferry, which is still operated by members of the family. He was born in Connecticut, June 17th, 1762, and served in the Revolutionary war. He raised a large family, most of whom were life-long residents of Brain- trim. He died July nth, 1831. His wife, Mercy, was born February 15th, 1770, and died March 14th, 1856, having lived on the same farm nearly 70 years. Joshua Keeney returned to Connecticut in 1789, where he mar- ried Phebe Sturdevant in February, 1790, and soon after located permanently at Black Walnut bottom, on a tract of 400 acres, where he died at an advanced age. He was a useful and influential citizen and church member. He reared eleven children and lived to see them all married and pleasantly located. Mark Keeney, the father of Richard and Joshua, a soldier in the French and Revolu- tionary wars, was born in Litchfield county, Connecti- cut, Mayist, 1740. He lived in Braintrim from about 1790 until his death, October 7th, 1804. His wife, Abigail B., died July 7th of the same year, aged 65 years. Isaac Lacey, who has numerous descendants in Brain- ^h =^^ 4^= M^ MAKERS OF BRAINTRIM'S HISTORY. S°3 trim, was among the pioneers. He was born in Fairfield county, Conn., April 2nd, 1754, and married Lydia Pratt, of the same place, March nth, 1784. In 1792 he located on a farm on Lacey street, named after him. He bought the Connecticut title, but had to re-purchase of the Penn- sylvania proprietors or lose his farm. He was a weaver and spent much time at the loom, but found time to clear up and cultivate his farm with the assistance of his sons. He reared a large family, most of whom always lived in the township. He died November 2nd, 1830; his wife March i6th, 1809. His father, Ebenezer Lacey, was born in Connecticut, April 19th, 1727, and came to Brain- trim in 1794, where he died December 21st, 1807. His wife, Freelove, died March 5th, 1801, aged 74 years. Ebenezer Lacey, oldest son of Isaac Lacey, was born in Vermont, November 28th, 1788. From 1792 he lived in this township, farming and hunting. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and was granted a land warrant for his services. He was also noted as a builder of " arks," the principal means of transportation in early days. He married, June sth, 1809, Zeruah Northrup, who was born in Connecticut, April 3d, 1789, and came to Laceyville in 1807. She died March ist, 1869. Mr. Lacey died April 24th, 1872. Samuel Sturdevant, born in Connecticut in 1740, lo- cated in 1792 at Black Walnut, on the land previously occupied by Frederick Vanderlip, where he a few years later built a framed dwelling (splitting from pine logs the lumber for finishing it, and dressing it with his own hands), in which he resided until his death, April 19th, 1828. Samuel Sturdevant, jr., was born in Danbury, Connecticut, September i6th, 1773; came to Braintrim with his father, or about the same time, and soon after lo- cated at Skinner's Eddy, where he married a daughter of Ebenezer Skinner, about 1795. He was largely instru- mental in founding the village which soon sprang up at the eddy. He was a man of large business capacity, and during most of his life was extensively engaged in land speculating, lumbering, grist-milling and farming. He remained a resident until his death, March 4th, 1847. His five sons— John, Peter B., Liverus D., Ebenezer W. and Charles — became prominent and influential citizens of this section. Henry B. Charapin lived east of Skinner's Eddy for several years from about 1792. He was one of the first justices of the peace. Ebenezer Skinner settled at Skin- ner's in 1792, where he died October i6th, 1804, aged 71 years. Benjamin Edwards came to Braintrim in 1825. He was born in Connecticut, September ist, 1793. He taught school and afterwards spent several years in the southern States, peddling tinware, yankee clocks and notions. Soon after coming here he opened a store at Skinner's Eddy. From 1832 he spent many years at Laceyville in mercantile and other business. He was a successful business man and a respectable member of the M. E. church. He died in Laceyville, February 24th, 1876. General Bradley Wakeman was born in Connecticut, Septenber 21st, 1800, and was married in 1824 to Maria Edwards. In June, 1828, he came to Skinner's Eddy and joined Benjamin Edwards, his brother-in-law, in trade. From the spring of 1832 he traded successfully at Laceyville until 1861. He was nominated by the Whigs for State representative, and associate judge. William Thompson was born in Bradford county, in 1812; learned the blacksmith's trade at Laceyville, and married Rebecca, daughter of Daniel P. Lacey, in 1831. He lived in Braintrim after 1854, where he died in April, 1876 He was justice of the peace many years. His widow is still living on the old homestead on Lacey street. Levi Gregory was born in Connecticut, February isth, 1794, and came with his parents to Susquehanna county. Pa., in his childhood. He was married January ist, 1822, to Miranda Hayward, a native of Cazenovia, N. Y. He was a carpenter and joiner by trade. In 1839 he lo- cated on a farm on Lacey street, where he resided until his death, November 25th, 1855. He held several town- ship offices. His widow is still a resident of the town- ship. The first saw-mill was built by Samuel Sturdevant, jr., as early as 1797, on Tuscarora creek, near its mouth. A few years later he built one on the river bank near the mouth of the creek. Another was built about 1810, near the mouth of Little Tuscarora creek. He also put up the first grist-mill, near the site of his second saw-mill, about 18 19, Isaac Camp being employed as raill-wright. The site of these mills was long since washed away. This mill, containing but one run of home-made stones, accommodated the neighborhood many years. A wool carding and cloth dressing establishment was erected on Tuscarora creek, by Peter B. Sturdevant, about 1830, and was in operation many years. A post route was established from Wilkes-Barre to Ti- oga via Black Walnut bottom in 1803. The mail was carried on foot once in two weeks. From 1810 Conrad Teter carried the mail in coaches once a week over this route for many years. A post-ofifice was early established at Black Walnut, and was kept by Daniel Sterling, who lived in the present township of Meshoppen. About 1822 the Skinner's Eddy post-office was established, and John Sturdevant, who then lived in the house now occu- pied by Paul Lacey, was appointed postmaster. About 1834 General B. Wakeman was appointed, and the office was removed to his store at Laceyville. Thomas Morley became postmaster in 1837, and the office was removed to Skinner's Eddy, where it has since remained. About 1841 the Laceyville post-office was established under its present name, and Thomas Parker, a merchant in com- pany with General Wakeman, was appointed the first postmaster. Joseph Gamble opened a day-school as early as 1813, in a log dwelling nearly opposite John B. Edwards's store in Laceyville. " Early schools were also kept in a log house near the site of the present grist-mill in Lacey- ville. The house had been previously occupied and probably put up by Garret Smith. The first school-house *^N= f 5°4 HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. in the western part of the township was built about 1824, on Lacey street, near the residence of C. B. Lacey. George Gamble taught the first school here. Among other early teachers were John Sturdevant, one Carpen- ter, Anna Keeney, a Miss Smith and a Miss Graves. A school-house was erected at Skinner's Eddy about 1829, nearly opposite Leon Smith's residence. The present two-story school building, which accommodates Lacey- ville and Skinner's Eddy, was erected in 1864. Frederick Vanderlip was the first tavern keeper in the township, keeping previous to and during the early part of the Revolution. The second tavern was opened at Skinner's Eddy previous to 1800, and was kept for several years by Wait S. Skinner. Samuel Sturdevant, jr., subsequently became proprietor, remaining until about 1830, when the house was closed to the public. Drs. Royal Robinson and Edward Crandall located at Skinner's Eddy about 1823, and were the first resident physicians. Dr. Robinson was born in Amsterdam, N. Y., and married Fanny Fassett, of Windham. He practiced here until his death, May 27th, 1841. Dr. Crandall con- tinued here till about 1830. Among their successors were Drs. Plant, Roberts, Dimock, Jones and James. The first death among the residents of Braintrim was that of a child named Baker, who died about 1793 or 1794, and was buried in the Lacey street cemetery, which has ever since been used as a graveyard. It now con- tains seven acres, and is the resting place of many of the first settlers in this part of the township. The Black Walnut burying ground was begun as early as 1795. Among the first burials was that of Sarah, wife of Samuel Sturdevant. The graveyard at Skinner's Eddy was started some years later. The first marriage was celebrated September i8th, 1788, the contracting parties being Richard and Mercy Keeney (very distantly related). The first known birth was that of Chester Keeney, their son, December loth, 1789. The first framed building was a dwelling built for James Smith by Elihu Hall, who was the first carpenter and joiner. The house stands opposite the Laceyville school-house. The first preacher was Rev. Jacob Drake (Baptist), who preached occasionally at Black Walnut and other parts of the township in 1792 or soon after. Among others pre- vious to any church organization were Revs. Davis Dim- mock, Griffin, Lewis and Joel Rogers. Skinner's Eddy. Ebenezer Skinner and his son. Wait S., located just below the mouth of Tuscarora creek in 1792 or 1793, and subsequently opened a tavern. This used to be a favor- ite stopping place for raftsmen and boatmen, and soon came to be known as Skinner's Eddy. The principal part of the village originally stood on the flat near the river bank, but an unprecedented freshet in the spring of 1865 destroyed it, sweeping away twenty-five or thirty buildings. This flat was originally cleared by Samuel Sturdevant, jr, who built a saw-mill here and a grist- mill. Benjamin Edwards was the first merchant, in 1826. In 1828 Bradley Wakeman became a partner with him. They were also engaged in the manufacture and sale of gloves and mittens to quite an extent. They remained until 1832, and were followed by John Sturdevant. Thomas Morley opened a store on the west side of the creek about 1835, and subsequently a foundry and ma- chine shop. The " Tuscarora Iron Works " was founded in 1874 by John S. Peelis, the present proprietor. In 1863 Philip Thomas built a tannery, which he operated until November 19th, 1879, when it was burned. The village now contains two general stores, a church, a hotel and railroad station, the Tuscarora Iron Works, a blacksmith and wheelwright shop, and about 100 inhab- itants. M. E. Clwrch at Skinner's Eddy. — Meetings were held by itinerating Methodist preachers as early as 1810, and about '1812 a class was formed at the house of Joshua Keeney at Black Walnut, and stated preaching was had for a few years. About 1828 a class was formed at the school-house on Lacey street, composed of Simon Z. Keeney and Louisa, his wife, Charles Keeney, Thomas Morley, Clarissa Sturdevant, Betsey Smith and Mrs. Joshua Keeney. Revs. George Comfort and Vincent Coryell were the ministers on this circuit. The place of meeting was soon changed to Skinner's Eddy, being the dwelling of Major John Sturdevant, and afterward the school-house until 1838, when the present meetinghouse was built. Among the early preachers were Rev. Messrs. Comfort, Coryell, Bibbins, Barker, Torrey, Ellis and Lull. Laceyville, the principal village, has three general stores, one hard- ware store, one grist and one saw-mill, three millinery stores, two jewelry shops, a hotel, a church, a planing mill, a proportionate number of mechanics' shops, three physicians and about 400 inhabitants. Braintrim was the name until the establishment of the post-office, when it received the name of Laceyville, after Henry W. Lacey, then an influential business man of the place. Samuel Sturdevant, jr., owned and cleared the land on which the east part of the village stands, up to the street east of the hotel. One or two log houses were built before 1809. In that year Hiram Ward and his brother John located here, and the former built the first framed building, on the corner opposite B. W. Edwards's store. He soon after opened a store in it and did an ex- tensive business two or three years, when he failed and removed. From about 1829 Thomas Morley kept a store in the .Ward building a few years. In 1831 Benjamin Edwards removed from the Eddy to Laceyville, where he was in trade most of the time for many years. Bradley Wakeman was in trade here for thirty-five years from 1832. Among other early merchants were Edward Mer- rit and Thomas Parker. The latter about 1848 built the store now occupied by George W. Smith. Benjamin Edwards constructed a tannery at Laceyville in 1832, the first in Braintrim. In 1837 he sold it to Isaac J. La =4* *X 7=*= CHURCHES AND LODGES OF LACEYVILLE— CLINTON TOWNSHIP. 505 Barre. Philip Thomas bought it and carried it on until about 1863, when it was abandoned. Isaac J. La Barre was the first hotel keeper here, be- ginning in 1848. Soon afterward Tileson D. Spring opened the present " Kennard House," of which he was for many years proprietor. In 1871 David Goodale and C. I. Lacey built a steam grist-mill containing three runs of stones, which is now the only one in Braintrim. In the spring of 1880 a saw-mill was annexed to the grist-mill, which is run by the same power. Bapftsi Church of Laceyville.—TW\& church was organ- ized May 24th, 1794, at the house of Samuel Sturdevant. The members were Samuel, Azor, Fear, Noah and Molly Sturdevant, Joseph and Hannah Wescott, Jedediah and Olive Coon, and Samuel Sturdevant, jr. Samuel Sturdevant was ordained by this church Octo- ber 25th, 1794, and was its pastor until his death, April 9th, 1828. After about one year's vacancy Rev. Joseph W. Parker preached until 1833 ; then Rev. Charles A. Fox tilll 1836, and Rev. D. Dimock until October 28th, 1846, after which the church was supplied for a time by Rev. Ira G. Stoddard, when Joseph W. Parker was re- called, who served until April 23d, 1849. Since Novem- ber 23d, 1849, excepting 1869 (when Rev. John A. Ball supplied the pulpit). Rev. D. D. Gray has been pastor. Previous to 1839 church services were held principally on Lacey street in dwellings and the school-house. The present church was begun in 1839, and dedicated in 1840 by Rev. Henry Curtis, of Bethany, Pa. In 1866 the so- ciety bought the present parsonage. As the result of a religious revival in 1843 63 members were added to the church ; in 1854, 91, and in 1870, 67. The present membership is about 190. Laceyville Lodge I. O. O. F., No. 439 (the first in the county), was organized July 22nd, 1851, with six charter members. The same day eight others were received. Since 1863 the membership has ranged from ten to fifty- two, the present number. The first elective ofificers were : T. D. Spring, N. G. ; George R. Ackroyd, V. G.; Edward Merritt, secretary; George M. Black, treasurer. Franklin Lodge F. and A. M. received a warrant dated December 27th, 1822, and on May 2gfh, 1823, the lodge was constituted, with Jasper Fassett as W. M., John Ford S. W., and Isaac Lacey, jr., J. W. There were in 1824 39 members. This lodge was suspended in 1828 for non-payment of Grand Lodge dues. April 5th, 1852, a warrant was granted to Thomas Morley as W. M., John Sturdevant as S. W., and Nathan Osburn as J. W., for the formation of a lodge " to be held at Skinner's Eddy, or within five miles of that place, and called Franklin Lodge, No. 263." This lodge was constituted June ist, 1852, with 12 members. Walter W. Dimock was elected secretary; Hamlet Hill, treasurer ; John C. Lacey, S. D.; Isaac J. La Barre, J. D., and James M. Robinson, tiler. The lodge now meets in La- ceyville. In January, 1880, it had 65 members. CLINTON TOWNSHIP. I HIS township, originally forming parts of Ab- ington, Nicholson and Tunkhannock, was settled during the first years of the present century, by families from Rhode Island. Robert Reynolds, with his sons Solomon, George and Phineas, settled about 1800 on the site of Factoryville. A numerous family of their de- scendants still reside in the village and vicinity. In the following year Stephen Capwell settled on the present William Perigo farm. He had five sons and three daughters, and many of his descendants live here. Ben- jamin Carpenter is reported to have settled in 1808, a mile and a half from the village. He left six sons and three daughters. Nearly contemporaneous was the com- ing of Elisha Madison and David Arnold. Madison settled on the top of Bunker hill. David and Preserved Taylor were pioneers of about the same date. In 1813 the first resident physician, Dr. Henry Green, came from Sherburne, Chenango county, N. Y., and a year later his brother William Green, now living (1879) in hale and graceful old age in the village. Job Briggs, Gifford Mathewson and William Price came between 1813 and 1815. Hampton Moore settled on the Jones farm, half a mile above the depot, and Benjamin Green in 1817 in the village. Dr. John Wilson came prior to r82o. In case of a break in the communications with Wilkes- Barre, the nearest village, the settlers often suffered for want of the necessaries of life, and had to depend on game for food; and they were subject to the same depre- dations of beasts of prey everywhere experienced by the pioneers. It is said that an Indian trail ran through the site of the village and over the hills south, and in its vicinity have been discovered arrowheads, pestles, etc. In 1870, as Benjamin Carpenter was digging a cellar in Factory- ville, the workmen came upon a decayed box, containing the remains of a human being. The box, which had evi- dently been made of plank split with an axe from the body of a tree, lay beneath a stratum of gravel, and the death must have occurred before the earliest settlement of the valley. The first school was kept in a little log building about a mile south of the village, by Job Briggs. Hulda Alls- worth, of Pittston, was the next teacher. About 1824 the old " square- top " school- house was built, on the site of the depot, and for many years it served as a church and school building. Among the early pedagogues was Elizabeth Wilson. The first saw-mill was built a short distance from where Math.'wson's grist-mill now stands, by Joseph Capwell, about 1820. The first grist-mill was built by Capwell about 1838, and it is still running, owned by C. Mathew- son. James and Ezra Dean and others put up a log' distillery on the creek flat, removing it about 1828 a *=#=.= 5o6 HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. mile further up the creek. After the failure of the cot- ton-mill enterprise the staple commodity for exportation seems to have been tow cloth, the flax for which was broken, hetchlerl and woven by the same fair hands that afterward took it on horseback to Wilkes-Barre, mainly by a bridle path, and there bartered it for the few neces- saries and rare luxuries of the day. The population of Clinton was 834 in 1870 and 842 in 1880. FACTORYVILLE. This village was known early in the present century as '' the Factory," being the place where a cotton-mill was built hardly more than a dozen years after the first settle- ment of the township. It was operated on a small scale for a year or two and was then abandoned, the cotton being hauled 150 miles or more through the woods from Newburgh, N. Y. The old building, having passed through a variety of experiences and renovations, is now the store of James Frear. The earliest settlers were the Reynolds, Dean, Capwell, Green and Wilson families- It was not until nearly twenty years after the place ob- tained its present name by the establishment of the post- office that it began to assume the proportions of a vil- lage. The post-office was established in 1828, the first postmaster being Dr. John Wilson, who kept the office in the house of Jeremiah Wilson, some distance from the village. The early opening of the Drinker turnpike fur- nished communication with the outer world. The pio- neer meetings were in the "square-top", or at the houses of the citizens. Since the building of the railroad the growth f f the place has been more rapid. This small village in 1869 founded, almost unaided, one of the best educational institutions in this part of the State, and has since then supported and developed it with a unanimity and liberality worthy of the highest praise. The first physician was Dr. Henry Green. The medi- cal profession is now represented by Drs. A. M. Capwell, A, T. Brundage and George H. Brundage. The mercan- tile business is conducted by the firms of James Frear, Gardner & Gilmore, James M. Seaman & Co., C. S. Hinds, S. H. Briggs, S. C. Mathewson and J. Moore. The first hotel was built by Joseph Capwell, who kept it many years as a temperance house and who was suc- ceeded by C. Mathewson. It is known as the Depot Hotel, being near the railway station about half a mile from the business portion of the village. The Factory- ville House was built and for a time kept by S. C. Mathew- son, and has since been kept by Colonel 1). N. Mathew- son. It is on the main street, centrally located, and is a quiet, pleasant stopping place. The only manufactories in the town are an upper leather tannery and a custom grist-mill. FACTORVVILLE CHURCHES. Methodist Episcopal. — The first Methodist in this vicin- ity, so far as we can learn, was " Mother " Taylor, wife of Preserved Taylor, who lived on the hill where Martin Pelham now resides. At her house the Methodist meet- ings were held in the early days, say from 1820 to 1825, and many old people recollect hearing Rev. John Cope- land preach with great unction and power in 1825. The '' square-top " school house was built in 1825, and there- after was used as a meeting-house. It was near where the railroad depot now stands. A class was in existence at the square-top in 1830, and Rev. Selah Stocking was the preacher at that time, when " Aunt " Eunice Gard- ner united with the church, it being then an outlying appointment on the Wyoming circuit. Preaching was had once in two or three weeks for nearly twenty years following. Among the preachers were Revs. Samuel Griffin, Solomon Ellis, V. M. Coryell and Mr. Wilcox. The society was small and struggling until about 1848 or 1849, when a revival occurred under the labors of Revs. A. H. Schoonmaker and J. F. Wilbur, and quite a num- ber were added to the class. At this period the appoint- ment was attached to Nicholson circuit, and was supplied by Revs. E. F. Roberts, C. E. Rice and G. L. Griffin successively. During Mr. Griffin's pastorate the church at Factoryville was built in the summer of 1854. It was a frame building, 30 by 42 feet, cost $855, and was ded- icated in the fall of that year by Rev. Dr. George Peck, then presiding elder of the district. The charge then in- cluded Factoryville, Nicholson and West Nicholson, and was called Nicholson circuit. Rev. B. B. Emory was pastor two years, during which a parsonage was purchas- ed (in 1855); it was rebuilt and enlarged in 1872. Rev. D. Worrell was pastor in 1857 and 1858; Rev. Ira D. Warren, in 1859; Rev. J. F. Wilbur, i860, 1861; Rev. John La Bar, 1862-64. Then came again Rev. D. Wor- rell, who was twice returned to the charge, and died here in 1866. The appointment was supplied for the balance of the year by Rev. J. V. Newell, then living in Spring- ville. In the spring of 1867 the conference stationed Rev. E. H. Hynson at Factoryville, and Rev. T. B. Jayne at Nicholson, who changed appointments every other Sabbath. The next spring the circuit was divided, and Factoryville was supplied by Rev. E. F. Roberts one year, he living at Meshoppen. Rev. E. M. High served in 1869-71; Rev. J. S. -Lewis three years, under whose ministry in 1872 a large number were added to the class, of whom the greater part remain. After him came Rev. P. R. Tower, two years, and Rev. D. C. Barnes, three years. In 1878 the church at Factoryville was rebuilt, enlarged, refitted and refurnished throughout, and a tow- er and bell were added, at a total cost of $1,800. The church wasrededicated October 2nd, by Rev. J. E. Smith, D. D., assisted by the presiding elder, William Bixby, and the pastor. In 1879 came Rev. A. J. Cook, the present pastor, under whose efficient ministrations the congre- gations have been well sustained, and sheds and an exten- sion of the church lot added to the church property. The class now has 150 members. The Factoryville Baptist Church was organized Decem- ber igth, 1850. A council of delegates from nine neigh- boring churches was convened at the New Bethel Bap- tist meeting house, in West Abington. Fifty- six persons i -t=fi^ OSTERHOUT HOMESTEAD, LAGRANGE, WYOMING CO PA -■*'~!^'^p^S?S SARAH OSTfeRHOUT AGE:"tt 88 YEARS TUNKHANNOCK WYOMING CO., PA. vr-i^^s^'i'-T^:!^^,^^. i\^r, ^r..... -fcri K EYST ONE ACADEIVIY, FACTOPYVILLE, WYOMING CO, Pa ESTABLISHEO IN 1359 residence: of a. p. burgess esq FORKSTON , WYOM I N G CO., Pa. STORE of A P BURGESS =i¥^ M 9 NE IS H, ALEXANDER and SNYDER BLOCK, STORES and the WERNET HOUSEjXAVIER WERN ET, PROP'R NANTI COKE , LUZER N E CO., PA. BUILT 1870. N ANTICOK E, THOMAS M9 N EISH, E.N.AtEXANDER.y PRO PR'S SNYDER BROS, LUZERNE COUNTY, PA. *v-*'^/ -v^ -_.J33.*-JS5^ j^^ .^^^^^^g ' T^''?^|^?S::?W?8sS*iiSfc>v^jjr 2 ST. THOMAS CHURCH and PARSONAGE REV N J.MCMANUS,PASTOR ARCH BALD, PA. =0=4 H" 4^= 4 GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, CLINTON, EATON, FALLS AND OVERFIELD TOWNSHIPS. ANDERSON DANA. Anderson Dana was born at Eaton, in 1836. He has been judge and inspector of elections and was elected auditor in 1880. He married Mindwell Felts, of Eaton. Mrs. Dana is a member of the M. E. church. JAMES FREAR. James Frear, who since 1857 has been engaged in the mercantile business in Factoryville, is a native of Eaton township. He married Sarah Osterhout, of Tunkhan- nock, and has a family of two children. Mr. Frear was one of the founders and most liberal patrons of the Key- stone Academy, and has been its treasurer since its origin. CHAUNCEY SHERWOOD. Chauncey Sherwood was born in the township of Falls, on the 26th of November, 1812. For fourteen consecu- tive years he attended the common schools of his native town three months out of every year, the other nine months being employed in working on the farm; was never "sent away" to school but three times; afterward he taught school three years. When twenty-one years of age he was married to Miss Sarah Jane Webb. Their daughter, Mahala S., was married to Dr. J. M. Carey, now of Meshoppen, Pa., and had two sons and two daugh- ters, the eldest being the son Chauncey Sherwood Carey, M. D., of Mill City. Mrs. Sarah Jane Sherwood died in 185s, and in 1859 Mr. Sherwood married Miss Lois C. Gorman, his present wife. He has been a consistent member of the M. E. church of Mill City for many years. Politically he is a Democrat. As a magistrate he has been elected for nine consecutive five-year terms, and has proved a prudent, painstaking, conscientious and impar- tial officer. He was elected to the office of county audi- tor of Luzerne county, before the county was divided, for three years. Having served his term he studied law un- der H. W. Nicholson, of Wilkes-Barre, most of the time for three years, but having three stores at the time he gave up the practice of law, excepting while acting as magistrate for those years. He continued in the mercan- tile business and hotel keeping for thirty years; He may justly be called the'founder of Mill City. Joseph Ace was born in Monroe county. Pa., May 27th, 1818. After being in several townships he settled in Eaton in 1865. March 6th, 1841, he married Sarah Smith, of Smithfield, Monroe county. Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Ace are members of the Baptist church at Eaton. Mr. Ace has filled the office of deacon in his church. Charles Armstrong was born at Pittston, in 1824. He first came into Eaton in 1841, and was a resident till 1850, when he went to California. He returned to Eaton in 1864, and bought a farm in South Eaton. This he sold and bought the farm on which he now lives. He was married to Mary J. Harding, daughter of Samuel J. Harding and Sally Bird, sister of James Bird, of histori- cal note. Andrew AuMiCK was born in Luzerne county, in 1808. He came to Eaton in 1818 with his parents. He was married to Elnor Place, daughter of William Place, and had eight children, three of whom are living — William, born May 20th, 1835; Mary E., born in 1845, and Wesley, born in 1850. Mr. and Mrs. Aumick and their three children are members of the Baptist church. Silas Aumick was born at Wilkes-Barre, May 13th, 1813. He married, in 1841, J. Anne Jayne, of Washing- ton, Pa. He enlisted as a volunteer in the 12th Penn- sylvania reserves in i860, and was discharged in conse-. quence of a wound received in the left leg. He again enlisted, in the 143d Pennsylvania regiment, received five more wounds and was discharged in 1865. His son, Benjamin, was also in the 143d, and was taketi prisoner and sent to Andersonville, where he died of starvation. David B. Austin was born in, Oswego, N. Y., in 1833, and married Margery C. Fitch in 1853. They had three children. Mr. Austin was a farmer. He served in the Rebellion, and died at Andersonville. John Ayer was born in New Baltimore, Greene county, N. Y., in 1800. In 1825 he settled in Overfield, and in 1827 married Sally Avery, by whom he has had two chil- dren, one of whom is a farmer. Rev. John Ballantine, teacher of classics at Keystone Academy, was born near Belfast, Ireland, and graduated at Lewisburgh in the class of 1872. He taught a graded school at Smithfield, Pa., a year, and then accepted his present position. He married Harriet B. Gerould, of Smithfield, December 25th, 1872, and has one child liv- ing. Prof. Ballantine was ordained pastor of the Benton Baptist church in August, 1877, and has done much mis- sionary work, supplying the pulpits of weak churches. Orval W. Benjamin was born in New Jersey, in 1815, and moved to Eaton in 1844. He has been assessor nine years and supervisor one term. He married, in 1839, Phebe Ann McNish, of New Jersey. They have two children, Sarah Caroline, born in 1840 (married to Samuel Harding), and Huldah, born in 1843 (married to S. D. Bacon, of Tunkhannock). Chauncey Benson was born at Dover, N. Y., January 6th, 1810. He came to Eaton in 1835 and purchased a large tract of land. He married, in 1835, Sarah Brutz- man, of Smithfield, Pa. They have had seven children — Emma, born in 1835; Etna, born in 1837 (died in 1842); Mary May, born in 1839; Susan, born in 1841; Jeanette, born in 1843; George Adam, born in 1848; Martha Elizabeth, born in 1850. George A. Brundage, M. D., born in Benton, studied with Dr. A. T. Brundage, and graduated in medicine at Ann Arbor, Mich., in March, 1876. He has been in prac- tice in Factoryville since that date. He married Una, daughter of A. W. Gardner. Albert M. Capwell, M. D., was born in Factoryville, Pa., May 4th, 1831, and married Miss C. A. Chambers, of Waverly, Pa. (since deceased). Dr. Capwell , isj^a- physi- cian and druggist of Factoryville. He was married in 1877 'o Mamie E. Smith, of Scranton. Henry Chase was born in Abington township, Luzerne county, in 1820. In 1844 he married Elizabeth Canon, of Chenango, N. Y. They have two children. Stephen Clark was born in Plains, Luzerne county, in 1814, and married May Wagner, of Monroe county, in 1838. They have had nine children; eight are living. Mr. Clark is a farmer. Eleazer Dana was born in Eaton, in 1842. He re- sides on the old Jenkins homestead. He was supervi- ^^^^^g^5£--^(';>.^^:E::-r;:5;<'' /j (l-^V-TZw:^ tUiq-' I'll URIInh -i. .'I'uii.':. n finrrlfiii !tj>/ }■ 4 4 MAn,S, CEMETERIES, SCHOOLS AND INDUSTRIES OF EATON. S°9 4-fl X^- ^ family until the present building was erected. He mar- ried Mary, daughter of Elisha Harding, who survives him'. John Aumick settled about 1818 where his son Andrew now lives. He purchased the land of Thomas Hawkins. Among those who came later were Christopher Minor, O. W. Benjamin, Chauncey Benson, Damon Stevens, George Rinker, William Moneypenny and Uriah Swetland, whose grandfather was at Wyoming during the battle in the valley. After the massacre he was taken prisoner by the Indians, and suffered great hardship while in their custody. He was also a participant in the Pennamite strife. Asa S. Dana, who was born in Wilkes-Barre, December 17th, 1794, was the son of Anderson Dana, whose father was killed in the Wyoming massacre. After the war Anderson Dana returned to his father's home in the Wyoming valley, where he spent a busy and active life and died at the age of 80. Here Asa S. was born. In the spring of 1818 he removed with his wife and child to the farm in Eaton directly opposite where Tunkhannock now stands. He built a log house and cleared up this farm. Through his industry he accumulated consider- able property in Wyoming and Luzerne counties. He was twice married and had seven children by each wife, eight sons and six daughters. In 1845 he united with the Presbyterian church of Tunkhannock, and he con- tributed liberally of his means for its support. He died July 29th, 1874, in his 80th year. Industrial Development. The first store is thought to have been kept by Jesse Lee. The first grist-mill was erected by Israel Harding, north of the site of Rev. W. O. Stern's residence. There are now two principal grist-mills. O. W. Benjamin's was built in 1832, by Abraham Frear. In 1857 it came into the possession of its present owner, by whom it has been thoroughly repaired, and it is doing a flourishing busi- ness. The grist-mill at Kingfisher run was built in 1868, by A. W. Dana; it has four runs of stones, and takes water from Sugar Hollow creek by a wooden conduit of great length. The saw-mill of W. L. Hunter stands on the site of one built 70 years ago. Mr. Hunter has twice rebuilt the present mill; on one occasion it was carried away by high water. This mill does a large amount of work. The steam saw-mill at Sugar Hollow was put up in 1878, by James Donnelly; it is now owned and run by P. Shippey. A steam saw-mill is run and owned by Charles Rosengrantz. William B. Moneypenny put up in 1830 a large merchant mill at a cost over $10,000. It was operated over twenty years, when the enterprise failed from the drying up of the stream. It was used at times as a clover mill, and was devoted on many occasions to quarterly meetings and other large gatherings of the M. E. church. It was finally taken down in 1879. The first blacksmith, it is said, was Elisha Harding, sen. Among the present blacksmiths is Charles Edward Mc- Vicar. He commenced his establishment in 1868, and has kept adding to it until it is now a well appointed shop. Volney Rosengrantz has a blacksmith and wagon repairing shop opposite his residence. He owns another shop at the head of Sugar Hollow. The only wagon shop in the town is that of J. F. Garing. J. Hall was the first cooper in the township. The present shop was put up in 1877 by Joseph Neyhart, and is worked by him. Joseph Ace is the only regular boot and shoe maker. Communications and Post-Offices. In very early days a four horse stage ran through the township, going up into New York from Wilkes-Barre. The coach stopped at a house on the site of the one now occupied by Anderson Dana, to supply the inner wants of man and beast. There are two post-offices in the township, at Eaton ville and South Eaton. At both there are daily deliveries of mail. The first postmaster was Jesse Lee. The office was once kept at Mr. Miller's, with that gentleman as postmaster. It is now at the store of Irvin Wheelock, who has been postmaster since 1870. William B. Moneypenny has been the postmaster at South Eaton since 1856. Schools. The first school-house (of logs) stood near where the Baptist church stands. Greased paper was used for window glass. Jesse Harding assisted at the raising of the first framed school-house, and was one of the first teachers in it. The first teachers were John Evans and one Scott. There are now eleven school districts in the township. The first independent district was set off in 1878. The school-house was built in 1879. The attendance of scholars at all the schools is good. Within a few years past a new series of educational works has been intro- duced. Cemeteries. The first burial grounds in the town are the one near Markland Robinson's residence and that near the resi- dence of Mr. Strough, in which the remains of Jesse Lee and some of his descendants are buried. The buiial ground adjacent to the Baptist church was given to the township by Elisha Harding, sen., about 1825. The first burial here was that of Abraham Frear, and here lie the remains of the Harding ancestors. Close by is the Dana burial ground, owned by Dr. Dana and laid out in lots. The first burial here was that of Irvin Wheelock's father. That at South Eaton is also a public cemetery, and here are buried some of Eaton's best citizens. The Baptist Church of Eaton. By a council at Eaton, November 20th, 1823, a church was formed, consisting of the persons named below: William Frear, Zebulon Maroy, jr., Jackson Smith, Caleb Mead, Shubell Darling, Margaret "Wilson, Huldah Bates, Betsy Roberts, James E. Roberts, Sally Mitchell, Eleanor Wheelock, Polly Mitchell, Sarah Smith! Sarah Wilson, Mary Suter, Martha Harding, Mary Mead, Sarah Frear,' Elizabeth Durland and Mary Van Tuyle. Thomas Mitchell and Jackson Smith were the firs Sio HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. deacons. Meetings were held at private houses and at the school-house at the mouth of Bowman's creek until 1850, when the present church was completed and oc- cupied. Rev. William Frear was the pastor until his death, in 1874, more than half a century. He was born in Pittston, Pa., November 12th, 1792. His parents were members of the first Baptist church in that place, his mother being the first person ever baptized in the Wyoming val- ey. In 1798 the family moved to Eaton and in 1804 to the farm now in possession of the family. When sixteen years old William carried the mail from Tunkhannock to Binghamton by way of Great Bend, often on foot over roads almost impassable, running through miles of un- broken forest infested with wild animals. In 1814 he went with Captain Camp's company to the defense of Baltimore. In 1S18 he married Hannah Wheelock, of Tunkhannock. He educated himself. He joined the Abington church in 1820. In 1822 he was licensed to preach and ordained. His life was singularly pure and his influence widely and favorably felt. He attended the dedication of Keystone Academy, and while receiving the greetings of his friends he fell insensible into the arms of one of them, and in a few moments breathed his last. During his last years Revs. J. iCfnnedy, A. J. Fur- man, P. S. Everett and N. Whitney were associated with him in the pastorate. The next pastor of the church was Elder Grow, who was succeeded by Arthur O. Sterns, since the close of whose pastorate in 1877 there has been no stated pastor, though regular meetings have been maintained. Jackson Smith was the clerk of the church from 1823 to 1856; Samuel Harding and J. M. Miller have since filled the office. The present deacons are George Rin- ker and A. Fratchey. The Sunday-school numbers forty- five scholars. The superintendent is D. W. Herman. EXETER TOWNSHIP. XETER is one of the original townships. It was named from Exeter, R. I., and is known as Little Exeter, in contradistinction to the larger part of the original township just across the line in Luzerne county. Among the pioneers were a Mr. Stule, who set- tled in the north end of the township, opposite Keeler's Ferry; Paul Keeler, after whom the ferry was named; the families of Smith, Hadley, Swarlwout, Hard- ing, Coolbaugh, Burgess, Montayne, Dymond and others. A post-ofiice was established in 1812 at Keeler's Ferry, and Asa Keeler was appointed postmaster. He moved up into North Moreland township, taking the office with him. He was postmaster till his death, in 1867, at Kee- lersburg. The population of this township fell off from 211 to 151 between 1870 and 1880. FALLS TOWNSHIP. H^ HIS township was formed from Tunkhannock, in 1824. John Osterhout, an early settler, wished to have it named in honor of Stephen Meredith, while Jacob Sickler urged the name " Buttermilk Falls.'' After discussion and due deliberation the court decided on " Falls." Matthew Sherwood was among the first settlers. He came in the autumn of 1789, from Danbury, Conn., with his wife and seven children and all his earthly ef- fects on a cart drawn by a yoke of oxen and a span of horses. He located two miles up the river from Butter- milk Falls, having bought 200 acres between the farms of John Fitch and David Morehouse, who had settled here the year before. Among the other pioneers we find the names of Gideon and Jeremiah Osterhout, Ephraim Lockwood, Jesse Jones, Peleg Comstock, Ebenezer Wil- liams and Thomas Joslin. At that time there were no roads except the old Davis path from Old Forge to Wyalusing. This former Indian trail had been considerably improved by two distin<'uished land speculators living in Philadelphia, Davis and Nich- olson, but was not wide enough for a wagon. We regret that we cannot dwell on all the circum- stances of pioneer life here, but such experiences have already been sketched, and cannot be repeated for each township. Deer and bears furnished most of the meat, and johnny cake was the prevailing bread. In 1795 some fur traders from Harrisburg came up the river in boats, and traded salt, ammunition and iron for furs and skins. The salt was a special God-send to the settlers. These traders came again in 1796, with a stock to barter for salt shad, furs, skins and venison, the chief articles of export. Powder and lead were among the most import- ant imports. As long as their ammunition lasted the pioneers were secure against starvation, and when it was gone there was no place near where they could get a supply, unless they found a new comer who had some and would divide. The first clothing was made from the skins of animals, tanned with their brains and buffed with a ball of yellow clay rubbed over the surface of the leather, which added a beautiful lustre. Home spun linen and woolen, however, soon furnished the summer attire. In 1792 the population had materially increased. Da- vid M. Delevan had come. Reuben Taylor had settled on the flats above the falls, and for a number of years that neighborhood was called Taylortown. David Daily settled at the foot of the narrows below Osterhout's, and Nathan Jones and an old negro named "Ding" came and lived with Jesse Jones. Levi Townsend settled near Benjamin Jones, on the flats below Buttermilk Falls. Pe- ter Harris, the tory, also setcled near Benjamin Jones. During the winter of 1792-93 Zuriel Sherwood made the first pigeon net in this valley and the first seine used on the upper Susquehanna for catching shad; and the first haul of shad was made by Mr. Sherwood with his 4. >i^ f, EARLY EVENTS IN FALLS TOWNSHIP— MILL CITY. 5" new seine in May, 1793. Had the shad taken in that haul been sold for two cents each they would have paid for the net. Jesse Jones settled on Buttermilk Falls creek, and built the first grist-mill in this township, near its mouth. This mill was built of logs and twelve feet square ; the mill stones were of the size of a half-bushel measure, made from the conglomerate rock found along the Lackawanna river. The second grist-mill at the Falls was built by John Burj', about 1806. In 1807 Mr. Bury built the first saw-mill at Buttermilk Falls. In 181 2 Jonathan Bulkley kept the first store, and in 1814 and 1815 he and one Arnt built the second saw-mill and third grist-mill. Jacob Sickler, sen., bought them out in a year or two. There were then three or four distilleries in the neighborhood of the Falls. In 1800 a settlement was commenced on the flats two miles below Buttermilk Falls, where Benjamin Jones built the first tavern. This was the most thickly settled part of the township,, and was for many years known along the river as " Jonestown." Just below lived the notorious old tory Peter Harris. Chauncey Sherwood, Esq., tells us that the first school he attended (which was in Falls township) was taught by Hon. Henry Roberts, who is still living on the same old farm. The second term he attended was taught near Keeler's Ferry, by Fanny Keeler, whose vigorous dis- cipline made a heavy draft on the sprouts growing in the neighboring woods. The text-books were Webster's speller and Daboll's arithmetic, and but very few could read or spell well or write legibly. In 1828, 1833 and 1834 the English reader and grammar were introduced. The district schools began to be organized and school- houses erected under the school laws, and educational in- terest in Falls township has since rapidly increased. In 1811 the first school known was built on Post hill, and a school was taught there the next winter by John Lott, of Mehoopany. Mary Post also taught here several terms. At that time there was no road along the river below the F'alls. Chiefly by the exertions of Jacob Sickler the road along the river was built through in 1818. In 1820 the first store house was built by Phineas Sherwood, where Chauncey Case kept store two years. The first town meetings and elections were held at the house of Mr. Osterhout, a short distance back from the river ; later ones at the house of Mr. Sickler. He was a man of large business experience and made many improve- ments about the Falls. He had mills, a distillery, and several shops. The business of carding wool was carried on by Dr. Lyman C. Kidder, a brother of the late Judge Kidder, of Wilkes-Barre. The third store was kept by Beach Tuttle, the fourth by Brace & Moore, and the fifth by Brace & Tanning, who built the second store building, continued in the business till 1835, and sold to Chauncey Sherwood, who conducted the business till 1841. Jacob Sickler built the fourth school-house at his own expense, and the fourth grist-mill. This and a full- ing-mill were swept away by a flood. When the North Branch Canal was building through this township, in 1839- 40, there were seven stores and two taverns at the Falls. A small tannery was built by Olmsted & Parkeston, and there were only one store and one tavern from 1843 to 1S63. George Humphrey commenced a plaster-rnill, which was finished by H. L. Ferguson, converted into a grist- mill, and used as such till superseded by the large flour- ing-mill built by Brown & Vantuylc. The Lehigh Valley Railroad was built through here in 1869, when bu..iness revived somewhat. Hon. Henry Roberts was born on Teague's hill, now in Washington, in 1794, and his recollection extends back into the last century, when Jesse Jones still owned the little grist-mill at the Falls. According to his represen- tations Reuben Taylor lived on the McKeene flats, Matthew Sherwood, sen., John Fitch and David More- house on the flat btlow, Paul Keeler and Zephaniah Townsend on the Townsend flat. His grandfather, at a very early day, used to go to Hollenback's mill with a canoe. Old settlers he says used to exchange possessions, and " boot " was always paid in cattle and other neces- saries. He never knew till about 1805 or 1806 farms being sold for cash. The settlers back from the river exchanged with those on the river one pound of maple sugar for a shad. About 181 1 saw logs and produce were considered legal tender for goods, as no money could be obtained for wheat short of Easton. The old Morehouse farm, now owned by Hon. Henry Roberts, is on the east bank of the Susquehanna, two miles above Buttermilk Falls creek. Some Indian names have been found in old title papers locating the Headley tract a mile above Falls, at Roberts point. This township had 1,096 inhabitants in 1870 and gained 30 in the following decade. Villages. The founder of Mill City, Chauncey Sherwood, is per- haps its most notable citizen. He is a versatile and in- telligent writer, and has published many incidents of olden times, with which his studious habits and retentive memory have nxade him familiar. The first postmaster at this place was Stephen O. Cor- win, appointed about 1865. The others have been Chauncey Sherwood, Charles S. Fargo and E. C. Clark, the present official. The mails are received daily from Falls station. There are also" at this place two general stores, a drug store, a harness shop, a tin shop, a grist-mill, a foundry, a sash and blind factory, a feed-mill, a saw-mill, 7 blacksmith shops, 3 planing mills, 3 shingle and lath mills, 3 shoe shops, one church, Metho- dist Episcopal, 2 physicians (C. S. Carey and D. Kelly) and two clergymen, Methodist Episcopal and Baptist; population 500. Falls village has among its institutions the hotel of Charles Kresky, the store of Henry Turn, the blacksmith shop of George Winard, the grist-mill of Aaron Brown, the saw-mill and powder keg factory of Thomas Fields, the wagon shops of Allen Weed and John Swartwood, ■-f ^^ =hI* SI2 HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. and a Methodist Episcopal church. A wire rope ferry was established in 1875 or 1876 by Aaron Brown, the present proprietor. CHURCHES OF FALLS. MILL CITY BAPTIST CHURCH. The establishment of a Baptist church in Mill City grew out of the labors of one William Stover, who came from Rhode Island in 1816, and settled in Bailey Hollow, now Dalton, Lackawanna county. In 1817 he com- menced preaching on Post Hill in a log school-house, at private dwellings, in barns and wherever the doors were opened for him; and continued his labors until about 1838, when he retired and soon after returned to Rhode Island. Post Hill derived its name from one Joseph Post, who came from Bolton, Conn., in the spring of 1793. In the 24th year of his age he married Miss Elizabeth Daily, on the 30th of December, 1793, and in 1800 settled on the farm now occupied by Amasa Freutishe. They had seven boys and two girls, named respectively Stephen, Hiram, Isaac, Daniel, David, Betsey, Hannah, John D. and William B. Post. Some of the children went west. Among those that lingered around the old homestead was the venerable Deacon Stephen Post, now in his 86th year, who was the first deacon of the Baptist church. In June, 1820, Rev. William Stover began preaching among the people regularly once a month. In the autumn fol- lowing a revival occurred and Betsey, Joseph, Daniel, Elizabeth, Hiram and Hannah Post, Helen Wilsey and Olive Patrick were baptized and received into the Abington Six Principle Baptist church at Baily Hollow, then known as the Baily Hollow church. In the fall of 182 1 Stephen Post, Jacob Wilsey and Clarisa Townsend were baptized and united with the church at Baily Hollow. In the winter following David, Betsey and Hannah Post, Amanda and Amy Holmes, Elizabeth, Betsey, Nelson and Elisha Armstrong, Patience Williams and Noah and Amanda Taylor were baptized and received into the Baily Hollow church. Revivals from time to time added to that church from this locality, until 1833, or thereabouts, when the members living in Falls and Overfield were set off as the Falls branch of the Baily Hollow church. Soon afterwards Rev. John Shaw, from Cortland county, N. Y., labored here successfully, baptizing Alvira, Lydia, Hannah and Samantha Post, Hannah Smith and Russel Armstrong. Following Elder Shaw, Rev. Nathan Baker preached a short time. About 1844 Rev. James Brown, from Rhode Island, began preaching here, assisted from time to time by Revs. T. J. Cole, Benjamin Green and A. J. Harrington. Elder Brown baptized Mary Ann and Sarah Fitch, Mar- tha Agnew, Solomon, Caroline and Mary Hunter, Charles M. and Mary Daily, John Post, Elizabeth Holmes, Andrew, Phebe, Lydia and John McMillen and John Leonard. In 1857, while under the pastoral care of Elder Brown, the branch church was, by request, set off as the Falls Six Principle Baptist Church, and received into the Penn- sylvania Six Principle Baptist Association. At or about this time the Baily Hollow church began to be known by its present designation of Abington Six Principle Bap- tist Church. In 1862 Elder Brown entered the army and died in hospital, much lamented by all who knew him. The church was supplied by itinerants of different faiths from i860 to 1867, at which time Rev. Henry Jacques began a successful pastorate, during which many were added to the church. But, like all who pre- ceded him, his labors were divided between four or five churches; consequently times of service were wide apart and much of the labor was lost. In 1876 the church extended a call to the Rev. W. G- Comstock, of Rhode Island, who in response came in June of that year, and commenced preaching regularly every Sabbath. Some have been added to the church by baptism, some by letter, and some have been rein- stated during his service here. He early caused a record to be made of all the past as far as possible, and the keeping of a regular record from that time on. At a regular church meeting of business, held January 17th, 1880, the church, by a unanimous vote, dissolved its connection with the Pennsylvania Six Principle Bap- tist Association; dropped the name Falls Six Principle Baptist Church, adopted the name Mill City Baptist Church, and voted to call a council of ministers and del- egates of the Abington Baptist Association of regular Baptists to meet with them at Mill City on the 26th of February, 1880. This council unanimously received the Mill City church as a regular Baptist church, and ex- tended to the pastor, Rev. W. G. Comstock, and through him to the church, the hand of fellowship. The follow- ing are the names of the present members: Kcv. W. Gr. Comstock, pastor ; Stepben Post, Solomon Hunter, Riley ilott and Rev. Henry Jacques, deacons; Abram Agnew, Simon Arm- strong, Wilbur Search, Morg:an Fitcb, Thomas R. Armstrong, William Dunlap, George Schofleld, Jefferson Sturdevant, Lamont L. Hunter, Edward Hunt, Samantha A. Decker, Mary A. Fitch, Elizabeth Rosen- crans, Martha Agnew, Margaret Fitch, Mary Search, Rachel Agnew, Mary J. Hallock, Jane Menger, Diana M. Hunter, Florence Kelley, Ermina S. Hunter, Altha S. Corey, Laura Kirkhuff, Rosette Hunt, Armina Shupp, Jemima Armstrong, Mary Mott, Betsey Dunlap, Pa- melia Comstock, Mary E. Freeman, Emeline Freeman, Charlotte E. Green, Emma May Brink, Ella K. Brink, Sarah Sturdevant and Isabella Dershemer. Total, 43. This church has for about sixty years maintained re- ligious meetings, but not regularly every Sabbath until within four years. It holds its meetings in a hired hall at Mill City. It has a Sabbath-school of about 60 mem- bers, with an average attendance of 40. The Rev. W. G. Comstock is superintendent. M. E. CHURCHES OF FALLS TOWNSHIP. Firs/ Church.— Mr. Sherwood states that the first Methodist preachers hereabouts preached at Keeler's Ferry 70 years ago. Sixty-seven years ago the first camp- meeting was held on the farm of Abraham Holmes (now owned by A. T. Dewitt), where the .first itinerants gener- ally preached. Meetings were also held at John Oster- hout's, John Weiss's and other private dwellings, and in *^^= f =>4^ 4 <-^ M. E. CHURCHES OF FALLS— FORKSTON TOWNSHIP. 513 groves along the river. Among the- pioneer Methodist preachers were Philo Barber, Horace Agard, George Peck, Charles W. Giddings, Mr. Copeland, Silas Conafort, S. Stocking, Ephraim Teney, Daniel Gorman, Benjamin Ellis, Vincent Coryell, VVilliam White, George Lane and Samuel Griffin. They went with Bible and hymn book through storms of rain, hail and snow, climbed rugged hills and mountains, waded swamps, swam swollen streams, broke through ice, lay out nights, often wet, cold, weary and hungry; slept often on earth floors in log cabins with little or no covering, and were poorly fed at the best. On the 8th of April, 1867, a lot was bought of Daniel Dobra, and on the 27th of April, 1871, a charter was granted for the First M. E. Church of Falls Township, with Hon. Henry Roberts, Stephen Clark, Samuel G. Miller, William Compton, Henry Turn, A. M. De Witt and Thomas Brown as trustees. A church edifice was erected and finished soon after, at a cost of $2,000. It was dedicated by Rev. George P. Porter on the 15th of July, 1872, during the pastorate of Rev. A. J. Van Cleft and E. Puffer, of Newton charge. The membership is 75- The Sabbath-school was organized the same year, and is still flourishing, under the superintendency of Henry Turn, of Falls, who reports 100 scholars. The pastors here have been, in order of succession, A. J. Van Cleft, E. Puffer, Isaac Austin, R. S. Rose, A. Brigham, A. J. Arnold, Isaac Austin and William Shelp. Mi7I City M. E. Church was incorporated November 25th, 1870. The trustees were Chauncey Sherwood, Michael Walter, D. C. Post, John Patrick and Francis Hough. On the 24th of December, 1872, a lot was bought at Mill City one hundred feet by one hundred and twenty-five, of William H. Walter, and the erection of a church building was soon after commenced. It was finished December 20th, 1873, at a cost of $2,500, and was dedicated by Rev. D. D. Lindsley January ist, 1874, during the pastorate of Rev. A. Brigham. The member- ship July ist, 1880, numbered 65. The Sabbath-school, which was organized soon after, has been kept up, and is now under the superintendency of H. N. Sickler, and numbers 50 scholars and teachers. The pastors of the society since its organization have been Revs. A. Brigham, A. J. Arnold, Isaac Austin and William Shelp, assisted by Rev. William Compton, local preacher. There had been regular preaching in Mill City for thirty years before the church was incorporated. Michael Walter was chosen class leader, and many conversions were the result of occasional protracted efforts. During those years the following ministers were upon the charge: Revs. Charles Giddings, Mr. White, Mr. Reddy, John Mulkey, Samuel Griffin, Dayton Reed, C. E. Taylor, Mr. Wilcox, Benjamin Ellis, Mr. Owen, Mr. Schoonmaker, Mr. Sterling, E. F. Roberts, John La Bar, John Wilbur, J. D. Safford, Miner Swallow, E. N. Pardee, G. W. Leach, Asa J. Van Cleft and E. Puffer, with salaries averaging $200 per annum. FORKSTON TOWNSHIP. W^^^ORKSTON was taken from Windham town- ship in 1844. It derived its name from the fork of the Mehoopany creek near the site of the village of Forkston. Its population in 1870 was 576, and 754 in t88o. As early as 1795 Leonard Lott came in a canoe up the Susquehanna, and up Mehoopany creek to the fork, where he built a log house. In 1800 there were ten persons living in the township, and in 1803 fifty- four. Of the early settlers Walter Bowman and family lived on the farm now occupied by Jacob Bartolett, N. ^dams and family on the farm recently occupied by A. A. McKown, C. Robinson and family on the Ira Robin- son farm. Among the early marriages was that of John Spaulding to Polly Adams, on New Year's day, 1815. Thomas Miles and old Mr. Winslow were the first to die, probably about 1812 or 1814. The oldest graveyard is about a mile and a half south of Forkston village, and contains the graves of many of the old settlers of the township. Farming was begun soon after a settlement was made, but the people occupied their time more in hunting and fishing than in tilling the soil. We hear, however, of Mr. J. Spaulding's taking a load of grain to Wilkes-Barre as early as 1817. The first orchard was set out by a man named Vose, in 1808, on the farm now owned by J. G. Spaulding. The first framed house was built about 1815, and occu- pied by a Mr. Wilson. Isaac Thomas kept the pioneer store in 1836, near the bridge in Forkston village. Pre- vious to that the people traded at Mehoopany. Pollas Finney also had a small stand about the same time. Thomas P. Hitchcock kept the first licensed hotel in 1866. It is now kept by Henry Krewson. Previous to 1866 Peter McQueen kept a sort of "house of refresh- ments " where the Spaulding House now stands. Among the early physicians Dr. Hayden is most promi- nently mentioned. Dr. Harshburger came from Brad- ford county in 1878, and has quite an extensive practice. Dominie Dimmick, a Baptist clergyman, preached here at an early day. Manufactories. In 1840 there was a small cloth factory owned and op- erated by a man named Waters. There was a small carding-mill in operation about 1820, but no traces are left of it. The first grist-mill was built and run by E. Fassett about 1810. It stood near the site of the bridge crossing the north branch of Mehoopany creek at Fork- ston village. About three-quarters of a mile further down the stream the first saw-mill was built, by J. Bur- gess, about 1810. These mills were both partially de- stroyed by the flood of 1850. In July of that year the Mehoopany creek, swollen by hard showers, carried trees and stumps for miles. Bridges were destroyed, mills, houses and in fact everything within its course were ^^ <^ ah. S14 HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. , swept away or ruined. In a few days the flood sub- sided. There are now in the township three saw-mills, three shingle-raills and a grist-mill. There is also a portable steam mill being erected on Roaring run, about six miles from Forkslon village, on the road to Wilkes-Barre. Roads, Bridges and Mails. The first road was known as Fell's road, and extended from Wilkes-Barre to Towanda. The State road was built some years later. The first mail was carried on horseback in i8io or 18 12, and received weekly from Black Walnut. A mail route was established from Scotts- ville to Forkston in 1834, intersecting the route from Tunkhannock to Towanda. The mail was then received once each week. At present the people of Forkston re- ceive their mail daily. Richard Adams was the first postmaster. He was succeeded by Hiram Hitchcock. Grififin Lott held that office sixteen or seventeen years. The present postmaster is G. M. Burgess. The first bridge was a temporary one across the Me- hoopany creek at Forkston village, built in 1820 or there- abouts. This gave way for a covered bridge ninety feet long, built in 1828 or 1830 by Luzerne county. This was swept away by the flood of 1850, and the present bridge, a wooden structure, was completed in 185 1. It is 120 feet long. There are four other county bridge.s in this township; namely, the one crossing Mehoopany creek at the forks, one about n mile and a half up the north branch, and two on the road leading up the south branch. Hiram Hitchcock was the contractor who built them all. School-Houses and Schools. The first school-house was built about 1805, on a piece of ground now owned by M. Krewson. It is said to have been a framed building. John Spaulding, then recently from Vermont, and Elihu Fassett were among the early teachers. The Burgess and Adams children were among the first scholars. The township is now divided into five school districis, with suitable school-houses and competent instructors. Forkston in the Civil War. Two men named Bowman are all that can be named as having gone from this township to engage in the war of 1812. They probably perished with thousands of their countrymen. In the great Rebellion Forkston's sons were among the first to do and die for the Union. The following are the names of some of those who engaged in that struggle: Bennett Kaeson, killed. Alfred Palmer. William Palmer, killed. Major Sooutten. Henry Krewson. Chandler Burgess. Henry June. Theodore June, died in hospital. Charles L. Finney. James I. Amos. Porter Summers, killed. George Kobinson and Marvin Eobinson, killed. Thomas P. Hitchcock. John R. and Wesley Hitchcock, died. Harford Krewson. Henry Ernst. Orrin P. Farr. James B. Robinson. Philip Henry. Oscar R. Adams. Rosengrant. Kaason. Villages in the Township. F0RK.STON village in 1844 contained only 3 houses. It now contains the post-office, 2 stores, a hotel, a wagon shop, a shoe shop, a blacksmith shop, a harness shop, a grist-mill and about 25 dwelling houses, besides Baptist and Methodist churches. The population at the last census was 93. Forkston Grange was organized in 1874. The first meeting was held at the residence of J. G. Spaulding. The following were the first officers: Oscar Hulbirt, master; O. B. Vose, overseer; J. G. Spaulding, secretary. The present officers areas follows: John W. Lott, master; Myron Farr, overseer; William Krall, secretary. Bella Sylvia was once a flourishing little settlement. It now contains about a dozen houses. The post-office is just across the line in Sullivan county. In 1864 coal was first discovered near Bella Sylvia. In 1877 a stock company was formed and mining begun. Four or five hundred tons of semi-anthracite coal have been obtained. The company consists of Griffin Lott, George Henning, William Robinson, Frank Robinson, A. K. Farr, Orrin Farr, J. Goodwin, John Jayne, Norman Farr and Hiram Hitchcock. LEMON TOWNSHIP. EMON township was formed from Nicholson and named in honor of associate judge Lemon, of this county. It had a population of 531 in 1870, engaged in farming, quarry- ^^;^SS^ ing and lumbering, chiefly the latter. There ^^ are nineteen quarries, from which can be taken & first class building and flagging stone. Along most of the creeks and ponds have been found relics of Indian camping grounds, including stone arrow heads, hatchets, pestles, etc. This township was settled before 1800 by pioneers from Orange county, N. Y., who followed Tunkhannock creek down to the mouth of Oxbow creek. Here a ■'pitch " was made and a settlement commenced. Among the settlers here were Mr. Reed and family, Thomas Spafford, Mr. Searles, William Fancher, John Fields, John Clarry, John Shaw and Samuel, Oliver and Eliza- beth Stark (,now Mrs. Dixon). The last was nine years old when she came here with her brothers and sister. Samuel Stark died at the age of 93. Eben Camp and Amos Ball came in 1810. The first log house and the first block or plank house were built by Mr. Reed. The block house was made of three-inch plank, set up edgewise and locked or dove- tailed together at the corners of the building. Other houses of the same kind were built as soon as the re- quired timber could be procured, all of which soon gave way to the more modern framed houses, built by the old scribe rule. The first of these was built by Mr. Searles, where Nathan Stark now lives, and about the same time Nehemiah Shaw had one near the mouth of Oxbow creek. James Stark now lives where the third framed house was 4. *ih PIONEER INSTITUTIONS IN LEMON— CHURCHES— MEHOOPANY. SIS built, and another stood neur where the Stark M. E. church now stands. The place where Mr. Reed first lo- c:ited is now the property of William S. Shaw. The first orchard was set out in 1810 by Amzi Dixon, on the farm now owned by James, Nehemiah and Nathan Stark, in the southeast corner of the township. The pioneer school-house was built in 1821, near the site of the residence of William S. Shaw, and the first teacher was Miss Betsey Stark. Among the pioneer pupils now living are Henry and Halsted Stark, Phebe Osterhout, Mary Main, William S. Shaw, Sarah Wall, Phebe Smith, Marshall Stark, Joseph Shaw, Frank Pat- terson, Elijah Ball and Oliver Dixon. A school was taught during the summer months in the most convenient barns. The first public road ran along the foot of the mount- ain, on the right bank of the Tunkhannock creek; the next up Oxbow and Horton's creeks, across the east side of the township. On the old WilkesBarre and Montrose turnpike, which crosses the west half of the township, over the Meshoppen creek, south of J. G. Clark's, was built the first bridge of any importance in this township. The next spanned the same stream at Church's Mills. The earliest store was that opened at East Lemon in i86o, by William S. Shaw, and now kept by W. S. Shaw and Nelson Martin. Another was started at this place in 1862 by Charles Gardner, but soon abandoned. The next was opened at Avery Station by Hazard Patterson. The " Grangers' store " at East Lemon was started in the spring of 1880. The oldest graveyard is on the farm of William S. Shaw in the southeast part of the township. The first death on record was that of William Sweet, aged twelve years. The first accidental death was that of Horace Ball, in 182 1, caused by the falling of a tree on the farm of A. B. Moss. The first postmaster was William S. Shaw, who was appointed in i86j and is now postmaster at East Lemon. Previous to 1862 the nearest post-office was at Tunkhan- nock, and the mail was carried from there on horseback through Lemon to points farther north. The pioneer mail carrier was Isaac Thompson. Cyrus Cooper was another early "mail rider." The first stone quarry opened for the sale of building and flagging stone was that of Thomas Ball,in East Lemon. Mr. Reed, one of the pioneers, built the first saw-mill in 1800, or a year of two before, on the right bank of Tunkhannock creek near the site of the residence of William S. Shaw, bringing what little iron there was about it from Orange county, N. Y. This mill was built of logs and covered with hemlock bark, and was taken down about 1855. The first grist-mill was built beside the saw-mill soon after the latter was built. It had but one run of stones, which were brought from Orange county, N. Y. The old mill has been removed and a new one of first-class capacity built in its place, costing $8,000. The property is now owned by William S. Shaw. The second saw-mill was built at Church's Mills, where there are still a grist and a saw-mill. The grist- mill on Meshoppen creek was built by J. Avery. The third saw-mill was built by a Mr. Ely on Oxbow creek, below the second falls; the fourth at the outlet of Ox- bow pond, near the site of Cyrus Shaw's. About the the same time Oliver Ball built a saw-mill on Oxbow creek, near the site of B.ill's. In 1868 a flood caused by frequent and heavy rains destroyed nearly all the mill dams on Oxbow creek. In 1870 there were eight saw- mills, one of which was a steam mill in the southern part of the township. There are now five, and two grist-mills. Cyrus Shaw has a planing and lath mill in connection with his circular saw mill. W. S. Shaw built a circular saw and lath mill on Oxbow creek in 1879. Religious and Temper.^nce Societies. ^ East Lemon M. E. C/iurch. — Rev. George Landon was presiding elder in this district in 1856, and the preachers in charge about that time were Revs. H. Brownscomb and A. Griffin. In 1866 Revs. Thomas Jayne and Han- sen were in charge, and they were followed by Rev. E. F. Roberts. In 1870 and 1871 the society built the present church edifice at East Lemon. It was dedicated October 20th, 1 87 1, by Rev. B. I. Ives, of Auburn, N.Y. Rev. J. S. Lewis was then pastor and the membership was 31. The building committee consisted of William M. Stark, Henry Harris, William S. Shaw and Joseph Shupp. The first trustees were William S. Shaw, William M. Stark, Henry Harris, Cyrus Shaw, Joseph Shupp, Fletcher Dixon, Otis N. Stark, Lewis H. Shales and Orville Ball; and the first sextcn was Henry C. Mott. Rev. P. R. Tower was pastor from May, 1874 to May, 1876; then Rev. D. C. Barnes till May, 1879, when he was followed by Rev. A. J. Cook, the present pastor. The present trustees are William S. Shaw (president), J. R. Miller (secretary), O. N. Stark (treasurer), Cyrus Shaw, Fletcher Dixon, Lewis H. Shales and P. A. Shupp. Stark Methodht Episcopal Church is probably tie parent society in this township. It is in the same charge with the one at East Lemon and has the same preachers. A Good Templars' Lodge was organized at East Lemon March 14th, 1867, with the following charter members: W. S. Shaw, W. C. T.; Mary E. Shaw, W. V. T.; Alonzo H. Beebe, W. Chap.; W. Marion Shaw, W. Sec; John E. Wagner, W. A. S.; Philip Schupp, W. F. S.; James Stark, W. Treas.; Zachary Croop, W. M.; Sarah E. Stark, W. D. M.; Perry A. Stark, W. I. G.; Samuel H. Stark, W. O. G.; Oliver Ball, Sarah Billings and George Bedell. MEHOOPANY TOWNSHIP. N 1844 this township was formed from Wind- ham. The name is of Indian origin. Many relics of the savage occupants have been dis- covered in this township. "I'he population of Mehoopany was 888 in 1870 and 779 in 1880. Amos York, who is believed to have been the pioneer settler, came in 1775, built a log house and '«£ V-f- ^^ ^.^- 5^6 HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. enclosed a considernble tract of land opposite and above the mouth of Meshoppen creek; he afterward removed to Wyalusing Elijah Phelps moved into his old log house. During the invasion in 1778 York was killed. Joseph Biles in his "field notes" of the survey of the Susquehanna river, March 20th, 1796. noted eight "pitches," by article of agreement dated June 24th, 1776; namely, to Elijah Phelps, 3 lots; Thomas Millard, S lots; Amos York, 7 lots; Ichabod Phelps, 3 lots; Ben- jamin Kilbouni, 6 lots; Thomas Millard, jr., i lot. "Which said pitches begin at the mouth of the Mehoo- pany creek, and extend in a northerly course up said river as far as where the hill ends, containing 1,200 acres." These men probably lived here nt the above date; for we find Elijah Phelps, Amos York, Ichabod Phelps, Thomas Millard and Thomas Millard, jr., petitioning May 27th, 1778, the Assembly of Connecticut for an abatement of their tixes, since they had suffered much from being robbed and plundered by the Indians. In 1791 Zephaniah Lott settled at the mouth of the Mehoopany creek, on the present Jennings estate, and Noah Phelps was the first settler whom Lott knew. Stephen Arnold lived below Noah Phelps, as did Henry Love, who came in 1795 and died in Mehoopany in 1S09. Henry Love served through the Revolution, and on the last day at Yorktown, Va., was wounded in the leg. Among the other settlers before 1800 was Asa Budd, who settled on the present Jennings estate. The farm now owned and occupied by John Love was settled by Noah Phelps. In 1792 TertulUis Gofi raised grain on the farm now owned by Mrs. Ellen Jennings. He sold to Calvin Wheelock, and he in 1798 to Thaddeus Prentis, and in 1819 Prentis sold to Joseph Swetland, who subsequently sold to Jennings. Thomas Ellis, Wil- liam Carney and Joseph Carney all lived below Love's prior to 1800, and John Grist, Ezekiel Pray and George Grist lived on Grist flats, in the bend of the river in the southeast .part of the township. The farm now owned by L. B. Williams was settled in 1810 by Ebenezer Gay and family, who came from the Wyoming valley and in 1819 moved to the place where James Gay now lives. Franklin Gay was born on the Williams farm in 1813. The farm of John L. Hahn was settled in 1790 by John Grist, sen., and family. They came from the Wyoming valley. Isaac Doll in 1813 owned and occupied the farm now owned by Charles B. Jayne. The first framed house was built in 1806, by William Carney, where Davis D. Jayne now lives; the next in 1818, at the village of Mehoopany — one at Mr. Kint- ner's and the other where Peter 15ender now lives. The earliest school-houses were of logs. One was near where John Love now lives and the other on Grist flats. Both have gone to decay. The oldest building now in existence ever used for a school-house is the union church, on the hill southeast from Mehoopany village. David Estell taught in this building. Among the surviving pupils are Hon. Henry Love, Almira French, David Ross and John W. Vose. The first saw-mill was built by Zephaniah and Leonard Lott, on the site of the one now owned by Moses S. Kint- ner. One was built about a half a mile further up that stream about the same time; it went to decay many years ago. There have been three saw-mills on the Little Mehoopany. One was built by Mr. Carney as early as rSoo, on the property now owned by H. H. K. and J. French. The pioneer grist-mill was built in 1806, two or three rods above the site of the present mill on the Little Mehoopany, by William, Joseph and John Car- ney. The present one was built in 1842, by Paul B. Jen- nings, and is now owned by Joseph T. Jennings. The old mill ran many years, and was com- pletely worn out. The second grist-mill, built in 1823, is a part of the present mill of Moses S. Kintner. The earliest tannery was built on the Big Mehoopany in 1844, by Ansel and Franklin Gay; it is now owned and oper- ated by William Milehara. The next tannery, built by G. W. Smith, in or about 1857, on the Little Mehoopany, has been abandoned for tannery purposes. The pioneer carding and cloth-mill was built in 1822, by Jonathan A. Dudley and William Safford. Additions have been made, including one in 1880 for planing boards. The property is owned and operated by William Decker & Son. Charles Evans and S. W. Ellsworth, about 1840, started the first iron foundry. In 1842 Paul B. Jennings built one on the Little Mehoopany, near the Jennings grist-mill. This foundry was destroyed June 17th, 1870, by a flood which carried the engine and boiler out into the Susquehanna river; they have never been recovered. About 1856 a small foundry was started on the site of the present one. It was purchased by Ingham & Vose, who enlarged and improved it to a first-class foundry. The business is now carried on by their widows. The first stone dwelling was built in 1840, by J. C. AUworth, in the west part of the township. Two others were built in 1850, by John L. Hahn and G. D. Smith. The only brick building is the store put up in 1866 by W. H. Barnes, at Mehoopany, and now occupied by W. B. Barnes & Co. as a general dry goods and grocery store. Iron plows were introduced about 1828 or 1829, by Eben Potter, who in 1828 started a foundry at Meshop- pen. The oldest graveyard is the one on Grist flats. The pioneer blacksmiths were on Grist flats. Philip Stranger worked there as early as 1815, and Frederick Carney in 1819-20. The first tavern was kept at Arnold's ferry as early as 1S15, by Zephaniah Lott. Mehoopany Village. The site of this village was formerly the property of Elijah Phelps and Leonard Lott. The lower end of the village was owned by Lott, and the upper end by Phelps. Joseph Carney bought of Phelps and Wil- liam Whipple of Lott, and commenced selling building lots. The pioneer log tavern was kept by Joseph Car- ney for many years and stood in front of the site of the Mehoopany House. The first wagon maker here was Tillinghast Carpenter, who came in the latter part of 1816 and in 1S17 built a lumber wagon and ox cart for William Carney. These were the first of their kind *4> tm=t= GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, MEHOOPANY TOWNSHIP. W. H. BARNES. William Henry Barnes was born in Fairfield, Herkimer county, N. Y., January 31st, 1813, and came to Wyoming county February 12th, 1830, from Ulster county, N. Y. He began his business career in New York city, in 1827, as clerk. A few months later he went to Saugerties,' N. Y., and worked as a clerk. He came to Mehoopany in 1834, where he commenced business on his own ac- count. He has been postmaster a number of years. J. S. CARPENTER. James S. Carpenter was born in Mehoopany, in 1824. His father came from Massachusetts in 1816, lived in Mehoopany many years and died in March, 1880, at the age of 84. His mother is still living near her son. Mr. C. is the proprietor of the carriage factory at Carpenter- ville, and has been connected with that establishment for thirty-five years. Six workmen are employed in the factory, and all styles of wagons and sleighs are made. J. W. DENISON, M. D. J. W. Denison, M. D., was born September 4th, 1818, in Montrose, Pa.; graduated at Pittsfield, Mass., in 1839, and commenced the practice of medicine in 1840; came to^ Mehoopany in 1841 and practiced medicine about thirteen years. On account of ill-health he abandoned the active practice of medicine and engaged in the drug trade, and is owner of the largest drug store in Wyoming county. Dr. Denison is noted for his generosity toward the poor. In his extensive practice no person was ever neglected on account of poverty, and in the drug busi- ness he is ever ready to help those who need help. A. H. DOTY. A. H. Doty was born in Vermont, in 1838, and at the age of three removed to Herkimer county, N. Y.; resided there about twenty-one years and came to Mehoopany. Mr. Doty is the proprietor of the carriage factory in Mehoopany, which was established in 1866, and of an- other at Jenningsville. Light work is made a specialty at Mehoopany, the heavier work being done at Jennings- ville. Mr. D. has been overseer of the poor and constable. J. L. HAHN. John L. Hahn, farmer, was born in Northampton county. Pa., in 1826, and with his parents in 1846 settled where he now resides, about two miles from Mehoopany village. He lived for a few years in Mehoopany village, and while there speculated somewhat in land, and was in 1856 proprietor of a blacksmith shop. S. D. INGHAM. Samuel D. Ingham was born in Asylum, Bradford county, Pa., in 1827. He came to Wyoming county in 1830, with his mother, who was a widow; his father, Joseph Ingham, having died in 1829. His mother, who was a Whitcomb, died in 1850. Mr. Ingham was a name- sake of Hon. S. D. Ingham, Secretary of State under Andrew Jackson. In 1868 he married his second wife, Elizabeth Vose, born in 1833 in Forkston. Mrs. Ingham was a graduate of Wyoming Seminary, and has taught school for nearly twenty-five years, mostly in Wyoming county. Mr. Ingham began business in Mehoopany in 1848, and continued until his death. May, 1877. He was postmaster and justice of the peace many years. HON. H. LOVE. Hon. Henry Love was born in Braintrim (now Meshop- pen). Pa., April sth, 181 1. In his younger days he was for a time a teacher, but generally followed the mercan- tile business. He has resided in Mehoopany since 1844. He was elected justice of the peace in March, that year, and held the office over twelve years, resigning to accept the^ office of associate judge of Wyoming county in 1836, which office he held for five years. He was county aud- itor six years. John Love, his father, was a native of Pennsylvania, and Incated in Wyoming county about 1796. His mother was born in Monroe county, and came to Wyoming county about 1806. His father died January i6th, 1867; his mother December 30th, 1871. WILLIAM STEMPLES. William gtemples was born in Monroe county, Pa., November 5fh, 1825. He removed with his parents when about two years of age to Wyoming county, then a part of Luzerne. Their first residence was Russell Hill, where they remained two years. He then removed to Mehoo- pany, where he resided till the day of his death, August 31st, 1877. He was married November 20th, 1857, to Miss Anna Love, who lived about two years after their marriage. She left a son named Henry Frank, who lived after the death of his mother nine years. June 6th, i860, Mr. Stemples married Miss Elizabeth Smith, of Sussex county, N. J., with whom he lived happily during the remaining eighteen years of his life. Five children were born to them, viz.: Celestia M., born April 13th, 1861; Florence F., January 21st, 1864; Carra V., October 14th, 1866; Mary E., June 22nd, 187 1; Orrin, June 27th, 1873. Mr. Stemples was an able and successful farmer. By industry, economy and good management he became the owner of a good, vvell stocked and productive farm. He was a good example of industry for young men. At the age of 19 he became a convert to the Christian faith and immediately united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which he continued a faithful and acceptable member till death. He gave liberally of his money for its support. He served the church in nearly every official capacity, being class leader, steward, trustee and Sunday- school superintendent. During his last illness he was sustained by a cheerful, trusting faith and was wonder- fully patient in the midst of great suffering. W. H. SWETLAND. William H. Swetland, who has been justice of the peace three terms, was born in Mehoopany, in 1836. His father, Gordon Swetland, moved to Wyoming county in 1820. His great-grandfather was taken prisoner by the Indians. His mother was born in New Jersey, and his parents reside on the old homestead in Mehoopany. T. L. VOSE. Thomas L. Vose was born in Mehoopany. He formed a ]iartnership with S. D. Ingham in the foundry business in 1857, which continued till his death, August 5th, 1878. He possessed great inventive genius. His wife was Hes- ter M. Myers, born in Orange county, N.Y., in 1827, who came to Mehoopany in 1832. In partnership with Mrs. S. D. Ingham she manages the foundry at Mehoopany. Edgar A. Adams was born in Forkston township, in 1854. He is station agent for theL.V. Railroad Company at Mehoopany, and is telegraph operator and postmaster. C. F. Decker, farmer, was born in Mehoopany town- ship, in 1842. He served in the late war in the 143d regiment Pennsylvania volunteers. He has lived on his present farm fourteen years. William Decker was born in New Jersey, in 1827, and came to Mehoopany with his parents at the age of ten. He is at present the oldest carpenter in Mehoopany. His father Elijah Decker, was a native of New Jersey and a farmer. His m'other was a native of Pennsylvania. Frederick C. Denison, M.D., was born in Montrose, Pa., May 7th, 1830, and located permanently in Mehoop- any in 1856, when he began the practice of medicine. He began reading medicine with the Hon. William T. Humphrey, M.D., now of Osceola, Tioga county. Pa., and graduated at the University of Michigan in March, 1856. His father, Adam Benjamin Denison, was born in Ver- S16A -^ *4h 516B HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. niont, was also a physician, and practiced at an early day at Montrose, where he died in 1836. His mother, a na- tive of Connecticut,died in 1872. Dr.Denison was a school director six years, and he served in the late war. George Henning was born in Winderhausen, Ger- many, December 25th, 1817. He landed in New York August 22nd, 1839, and came to Mehoopany in 1841, and in 1845 married Mary Ann Bender. He soon afterward took a short western trip, but returned and settled on the farm of 370 acres where he now resides. He visited the home of his nativity, in Germany, in 1871 and 1872. He was elected county commissioner in 1869, for three years. Samuel Jacoby was born in Sussex county, N. J., in 1819, and came to Wyoming county, with his parents, in 1832. He was a stone mason and farmer. He moved to the farm now occupied by Mrs. Jacoby in 1867, and re- mained there until his death, in 1872. Mrs. Jacoby was born in Mehoopany, in 1833. Harridon S. JTennings was born in Mehoopany, May 2ist,^ 1853, and is a grandson of Major John Fassett. He lives at Mehoopany, and is a member of the firm of H. S. Jennings & Co., dealers in general merchandise. He married Bessie A. Bunnell, of Washington township. Jabez W. Jennings was born in Bath, England, in 1822, and came to this country when fifteen years old. He lived with his uncle. Bishop Jennings, for some time before starting in life for himself. He was a farmer, and died in 1872. His wife's maiden name was Ellen Smith. She was born in Mehoopany, in 1839. Joseph T. Jennings was born near Mauch Chunk, Pa., in 1827. He located in Mehoopany in 1830, where he has since resided. His father, Paul B. Jennings, was a native of England. He came to this country at the age of eleven, locating in Philadelphia. His mother, whose maiden name was Tuttle, was born in the Wyoming val- ley, and is still living, at the age of eighty- four. Mr. Jennings was for many years a merchant, but has lately given his attention more particularly to lumbering. S. W. Jennings was born in Mehoopany, in 1845. His father, a native of England, and his mother lived in Mehoopany from a comparatively early date until their death. Mr. Jennings has been a carpenter since 1869. He has been inspector one term and often township clerk. Lieutenant William Jennings was born in Bath England, in 1820, and came to this country in 1836. Fcr fifteen years prior to r86o he was a merchant; then was a farmer until his death, in 1872. He recruited a company at the time of the invasion of the State, and was a lieu- tenant in the late war. Mrs. Jennings, who survives her husband, was born in Bradford county, in 1828, and came to Mehoopany after her marriage in 1845. Levi Kelley was born in Delaware county, N. Y.. in 1822, and came to Wyoming county in 1837. His father and mother, who are both dead, were natives of New York State. Mr. Kelley has been a farmer nearly all his life, laut for the past four years has been living in retirement in the village. He served in the g7lh regiment in 1865, and was honorably discharged in June, that year. Lieutenant Colonel J. C. Kintner was born in Washington township, in 1838. His parents were natives of Monroe county, and about 1836 settled in Washington township. Mr. Kintner has been engaged in the mercan- tile business as clerk and proprietor about twenty-three years. In 1866 he commenced business for himself in Mehoopany village. He is conducting a general store at Jenningsville. During the late war he enlisted as a pri- vate in the 52nd regiment Pennsylvania volunteers, and served three years in that capacity, part of that time in the signal corps. He was promoted to a captaincy in the 109th regiment United States colored troops, and was mustered out of service in February, 1866; but is a mem- ber of the Governor's staff, with the rank of lieutenant colonel and assistant quartermaster general. Moses S. Kintner was born in Monroe, Pa., in 1835. He came to Mehoopany in 1844, and for a time was a farmer. Afterward he was a carpenter until 1872. Since that he has been a miller. He was elected justice of the peace in 1863 and held the office two years. Washington W. Miner was born in Chenango, Broome, county, N. Y., July 13th, 1823. He is a harness maker by trade, and began business in Windsor in 1836. In 1847 he became the first harness maker in Pittston, where he married Ellen, daughter of Colonel Burns, who died in 1850. In 1859 he married Sophia, daughter of Peter Walter. He served in the militia as first lieutenant in 1862, and afterward enlisted for nine months in the 171st regiment, and was discharged August 8th, 1863, at Harrisburg. His father, William W. Miner, was also a harness maker. He died in 1865. His mother, whose maiden name was i^y iia Dorman, was a native of Broome county, N. Y., where she resides. C. C. Myers, almost a lifelong farmer, was born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1830. When four years old he, with his parents, settled on his present farm. Daniel Myers was born in Orange connty, N. Y. in 1826, and came to Wyoming county with his parents in 1835. His father and mother were both natives of New York State. The former is still living in Owego, N. Y. His mother died about two years ago. William Place was born in Monroe county, Pa., in 182 1, and came to Washington township when two years old. He has lived on his present farm twenty-five years. His wife's family were early settlers of the town. T. H. Ryan was born at Binghamton, N. Y., in 1849, and came with his parents to Meshoppen that year. His parents were both natives of Ireland, and his mother is still living at Meshoppen. Mr. Ryan is a blacksmith, and has been engaged in the business in Mehoopany seven years. He has served as inspector one terra. John Sheehan, a native of Ireland, was born in county Cork, in 1830. He came to America in 1836 and located in Mehoopany. His wife was a Miss Lott, daughter of one of the first settlers. Mr. Sheehan is a farmer, and has been school director and supervisor. E. W. Sturdevant was born in Wyoming county, in 1834, and came to reside in Mehoopany in 1857. 'Mr. Sturdevant formerly owned the "Big Mehoopany Mills," but for a number of years he has been engaged in lum- bering. He has held the office of justice of the peace. Gordon S wetland, farmer, was born in 1803; in Kingston township, Luzerne county, and in 1S09, with his parents, settled on Grist Flats, about two and a half rniles from Mehoopany village. He was justice two years (from 1845), and sheriff 1851-54. G. K. Thompson was born in Foikston township, in 1838. He came to Mehoopany in 1877 and kept the Mehoopany House three years. Mr. Thompson was a member of the 12th Pa. reserves eighteen months. He IS agent for agricultural implements and a butcher. L. B. Williams was born in Mehoopany township (.then Windham), in 1834. His parents formerly resided on the farm he now occupies. He has lived there for htty years and has twice served as assessor. Rolla Whipple was born in Mehoopany, in 1839. His father, George Whipple, was one of the early settlers there. His mother, whose maiden name was Harding, was born in Eaton. Mr. Whipple served a short time in the State militia. The following citizens of Mehoopany also contributed their support to this publication: I. F. Blume, E M. Da- vis, William Decker, Charles Place, Jerome Remington, U if. Vosburg, Riley Vosburg, J. L. Vose k «#*= 4i: a- S?' .a GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, LEMON, MESHOPPEN, NICHOLSON AND WASHINGTON TOWNSHIPS, MESHOPPEN AND NICHOLSON BOROUGHS. DR. J. M. CAREY, whose portrait we present to our readers, was born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1834. When he was fourteen years of age his parents moved to North Moreland, Wyoming county, Pa. After farming a few years he attended the Wyoming Seminary, at Kingston, Luzerne county, for a time, after which he taught district school until he had accumulated a small sum of money, in the meantime having secured a knowledge of anatomy, etc., under a preceptor. He graduated in medicine at Cin- cinnati in 1856 and returned to North Moreland, where he practiced until 1862, when he entered the Union army as a private and in one year, for his gallantry and good conduct, was promoted captain of his company in the i6ist Pennsylvania mounted volunteers — a thing remark- able in cavalry service. He was in all of the important battles of the army of the Potomac except Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor, being then in the hospital at Annapolis, Maryland, having been wounded in the Wilderness. He was actively engaged with his division at Appomattox, and was afterward appointed provost marshal of Camp- bell county, Virginia. At Lincoln's second inauguration, March 4th, 1865, his company presented him with a sabre valued at $150, bearing this inscription: " Presented to Captain J. M. Carey by his company as a token of their regard, March 4th, '65." After the war he en- gaged in mercantile business with a brother. This he followed for years, serving also as justice of the peace. Resuming his profession he removed to Meshoppen, where he has a large practice and a host of friends. He has been elected coroner twice, but the second time de- clined on account of being justice of the peace. He has four children, the oldest of whom is practicing medicine in the same county. O. H. LOOMIS. Otis H. Loomis was born in Susquehanna county, Pa., August 20th, 1833. His parents died when he was quite young, and in 1850 he came to Meshoppen. While young he was a teacher. In the spring of 1855 he be- came a clerk in the store of D. T. Sterling, and from No- vember, 1859, was a partner several years. He was mar- ried February 24th, 1866, to Rosalia T. Lett, of Meshop- pen. She died September 5th, 1872, and January 21st, 1880, he married Elizabeth S. McKune, of Lagrange. Be- ginning life penniless he has amassed an enviable compe- tence. He has been postmaster at Meshoppen— with the exception of three years — since April, 1861. H. H. MITCHELL. H. H. Mitchell is a son of Henry Mitchell. The latter was born in New London county. Conn., in 1792; mar- ried Mary Ely; came to Pennsylvania in 1815 and lived in Susquehanna county until 1831, when he settled in Lemon. H. H. Mitchell was born in 1815, and married, in 1837, Alsina, daughter of Joseph Marcy. They have had eight children, six of whom are living. Mr. Mitchell is a practical bee-keeper. He has been elected justice of the peace for seven terms, and during the time had only one vote cast against him. A. H. RUSSELL. A. H. Russell was born in Washington township, near Russell Hill, January 24th, 1834. His father, Alban Russell, came from Connecticut many years ago, and from him Russell Hill received its name. His mother, whose maiden name was Catharine Jayne, was a native of Monroe county, Pa. Neither is living. Mr. Russell is a farmer by occupation, and has held several town offices. WILLIAM S. SHAW. This gentleman was born in what is now Lemon town- ship, December 3d, 1815. On the i6th of May, 1850, he married Lucy R. Harvey. His second wife was Ellen A. Harvey. Mr. Shaw's business is farming, lumbering and milling. He was seven years a member of a rifle com- pany and captain three years. He has been postmaster at East Lemon eight years. NORMAN STERLING. Norman Sterling, son of Daniel Sterling, was born in Auburn, Susquehanna county. Pa., June 19th, 1836, and was married April 7th, i860, to Delphine L. Dunmore, of Rush, Susquehanna county, where she was born March 24th, 1838. He lived in Auburn until the spring of 1876, when he bought his present farm. He has often held offices and is now school director and town auditor. HON. A. B. WALKER. Hon. A. B. Walker, deceased, was born in Cuba, N. Y., April 30th, 1826, and removed in boyhood to Gibson, Susquehanna county. Pa., and from there to Salem, Wayne county, where from a penniless clerk he rose to the head of a prosperous business house, and represented his dis- trict in the Legislature two terms. He married Laura A. Hollister, of Wayne county, and when Nicholson was laid out went there and embarked largely in trade and milling. His reputation as a legislator followed him to his new home, and the Republican party eagerly sought the bene- fit of his leadership. An active, public spirited man, he did much to build up the material and social interests of Nicholson, and his death. November 30th, 1878, made a void in society not easily filled. A portrait of Mr. Walker appears elsewhere in this work. «^^= 524^ HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. f Marvin Alden was born in Meshoppen, in 1812, and came to Washington in 1827. He engaged quite exten- sively in the lumbering business in his younger days, but for many years past has been a farmer. John Alden, his son, was born in Washington, in 1S50, and now conducts the farm near Russell Hill. John D. Arnts was born in Monroe county. Pa., in 1834, and came to Wyoming county in 1836. He has been a blacksmith 29 years. His shop is at Russell Hill, where he resides. He has been postmaster and town- ship treasurer, and has held several minor offices. Rev. S. Jay Austin was born in Dunby, N. Y., in 1847; educated at Wyoming Seminary and licensed to preach at Kingston, Pa., in 1868, since which time he has occupied pulpits at Hyde Park, North Abington, Clark's Green and Roscoe, and for three years has been pastor of the Nicholson M. E. church. Mrs. Austin was Martha Long, of North Abington. C. L. Avery was born in 1827, and married Martha, daughter of Ebenezer Parrish, in 1848. They had eight children, of whom five are living. Mr. Avery is a farmer and was the first settler on the farm where he lives. Miles Avery, a native of Falls, was married in 1849 to Jane, daughter of John Leonard, who died the year of her marriage. He afterward married Jane Ann, daughter of Ziba Smith, by whom he had eight children, of whom four are living. She died July 5th, 1872. In 1875 he married Mrs. Martha A. Hallett, daughter of John Bouse, of Eaton, by whom he has two children. E. L. Bacon, son of E. N. Bacon, was born in Nichdl- son. His wife is a native of Susquehanna county. Mr. Bacon is an active, public spirited citizen and the asses- sor of the borough. Benjamin Bartron was born in Pike county, in 1808, and came to Wyoming county in 1827. He was a farmer. He served as justice of the peace three years and died in 1875. His widow, Mary Ann Jayne, is a native of Washington township and lives on the farm occupied by her late husband. Marion D. Betts, a native of Susquehanna county, served in the soth Pennsylvania volunteer infantry at Hilton Head, Fredericksburg, Bull Run (2nd) and Chancellorsville. He married Delphine Tanner, of Nicholson. ' William Blackmar, son of David Blackmar, is a na- tive of Meshoppen township, born March isth, 1826. He spent two years at brickmaking in Wilkes-Barre, then worked on portions of the Washington railroad and North Branch Canal as overseer and superintendent. He was married February 14th, 1854, to Emeline Hankinson, of Meshoppen. In 1858 he bought his present farm. He has often been elected to positions ol trust and respon- sibility. Frank N. Boyle, born in Lanesboro, Pa., in 1847, married Jane A., daughter of Solomon Taylor, of Nichol- son, October 28th, 1869. He is a grandson of Judge Boyle, of Susquehanna county. He has served as bor- ough clerk several years. In 1870 he commenced mer- cantile business in Nicholson as a partner in the firm of Wilkins & Boyle. Since 1877 he has carried on business alone. Charles P. Buck was born in Peekskill, N. Y., and is a son of Rev. Charles D. Buck. He came to Nichol- son in November, 1879, entering into partnership with R. D. Newton, under the firm name of Newton & Buck. Thaddeus F. Bullard was born in Susquehanna county. Pa., March 24th, 1824; learned the cooper's trade, and came to Meshoppen in January, 1844. He was married to Editha Pneuman, of Susquehanna county, February i8th, 1846, soon after which he located on his present farm. He was enrolled for three years in Com- pany B 52nd Pennsylvania infantry, September 22nd, 1862, but was honorably discharged for disability De- cember 23d, 1862. Drafted December 9th, 1864, he furnished a substitute. He has always carried on cooper- ing, in connection with farming. He also raises bees and sells honey. He has served five years as justice of the peace. Aaron Bunnell is a native of Washington township, and was born January 30th, 1828. His parents were among the first settlers of the township. He has been a farmer most of his life. He served as lieutenant in Com- pany H 141st regiment in the late war, and has also held several town offices at different times. Nelson G. Bunnell is a native of Washington town- ship, having been born there January 19th, 1846. His _ parents were among the early settlers of the township. Benjamin Bunnell, whose father's name was also Benjamin, was born in Monroe county, Pa., March 31st, 1813, and came to Wyoming county with his parents in 1828, the family locating on " the Neck," in Washington township. He was married September 30th, 1834, to Margaret Sterling, a native of Meshoppen, born August 22nd, 1815. He has always followed farming, and bought his present farm in 1849. He has been a Metliodist since 1832, class leader nearly thirty years, and steward about as long. Henry C. Bunnell, son of John Bunnell, was born in Meshoppen, May 20th, 1843, and has always lived here. He was married February 6th, 1866, to Lydia Martha, daughter of William Overfield, of Auburn, Susquehanna county. He is an active politician, and has held posi- tions of trust and responsibility. He is a farmer. John Bunnell, of "Bunnell Hill," is a son of Solo- mon Bunnell. He was born May 20th, 1816, and has spent nearly his entire life on the old homestead. He was married May 9th, 1836, to Laura M. Whitcomb, also a native of Meshoppen, born March 6th, 1819. Philo M. Burr was born in Middletown, Susque- hanna county. Pa., September nth, 1837, and moved to Meshoppen borough in i860. September 20th, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company B S2nd Pa. volunteer infantry; was promoted ist sergeant November ist, 1862, second lieutenant January 9th, 1864, and commissioned captain of Company C in July, 1865. He was wounded at Fair Oaks, Va., and discharged July 12th, 1865. He was then a harness maker until 1869, since which time he has been a telegraph operator for the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company. He is also express agent at Me- shoppen. Reed B. Camp, watchmaker and jeweler, established himself in the jewelry business at Meshoppen in 1876. He was born in Pike, Bradford county. Pa., March ist, 1840, and was married to Catharine L. Earl, of Lemon, Wyoming county, September nth, 1864. Daniel Carney, son of John Carney, was born in Washington, in 1824. His father was born in 1782, and came to Wasliington when only six years old. Daniel has been a farmer many years. He has held the office of assessor for a number of terms, and several ' minor offices. George W. Carney was born in Exeter, Wyoming county, in i8n. He came to Washington in 1817, and 4 nh ^1* GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 524 C 4"= was engaged principally in the farming business until his death, which occurred in 1876. J. M. Carney is a native of Washington, having been born on Carney flats, June 28th, 181 7. He is a farmer and has held several town offices. W. L. Carney is an old resident of Washington town- ship, having lived there since 1815. He was born in Mehoopany, in 181 1, and lives on Carney flats. Martin Carpenter was born in 1839. In 1866 he married Aurora, daughter of Samuel Shaw, of Nichol- son, and they have one child. He has a farm of ninety acres. George W. Childs, proprietor of the Acme tannery at Jenningsville, is the son of the Hon. N. T. Childs, and the manager of his extensive business at this place. He is a native of Ellenville, N. Y., and married Miss Florice Moore, of Wurtsboro, N. Y. A. A. Church was born in Kingston, Luzerne county, in 1818, and marrried Fanny, daughter of Pierce Smith, in 1840. They have four children. He came to Lemon in 187 1, and is the proprietor of the Lemon grist-mill and a successful farmer. Before the days of railroads he used to cart coal from Wilkes-Barre to Binghamton. Daniel H. Cole, son of David Cole, was born in Me- shoppen, August 13th, 1832, and was married to Sarah M. Shannon, of Auburn, Susquehanna county, December 3d, 1853. He then lived in Auburn township until the fall of 1857, when he bought his present farm. David Cole was born in New York State, October i2th, 1807, and came with his parents to Mehoopany in i8io. At five years of age he was " bound " to Nicholas Overfield, of Meshoppen, remaining with him until twenty-one. He was married December 20th, 1828, to Margaret Van Nosdell, of Mehoopany. In the spring of 1830 he located on his present farm. He has been a resident of Meshoppen longer than any other person living. Rev. Henry J. Crane, pastor of the First Presbyterian church, Nichokon,was born in Middletown, N.Y.; gradu- ated at the University of the City of New York and Union Theological Seminary; was ordained September 18th, 1863; preached in Bradford county eight years, in Hunter, Greene 'county, N. Y., and Gibson, Pa., and has been stationed in Nicholson since 1S77. He married Miss Lottie Morgan, of Brooklyn, N. Y. He has twice represented his Presbytery in the General Assembly of North America. Samuel Cress was born in Monroe county, in 1824, and in 1853 married Henrietta, daughter of J. L. Meeker, of Tunkhannock. They have one son. Mr. Cress has been a merchant and mine superintendent and is now a farmer. Jacob Detrick was born in Northumberland county. Pa., December 6th, 1809, and removed to Monroe county with his parents in 1823, where he was married to Mar- garet Rowe, April 13th, 1833. He caTie to Meshoppen in 1836, and in 1842 to his present farm, which was then in its natural state. His first wife died March 28th, 1852. May 29th, 1855, he married Mrs. Abirah Wilcox, of Sus- quehanna county. William Donlin was born May 13th, 1837, in Au- burn, Susquehanna county, and married Elizabeth Riley, of Auburn, December nth, 1868. He farmed the old homestead until the spring of 1878, when he removed to Meshoppen. Henry M. Dunlap, farmer, is a native and lifelong resident of Meshoppen township, born October ist, 1835. He served nearly two years in the war of the Rebellion, enlisting March 7th, 1864, in Company B 2nd Pa. heavy artillery, and was honorably discharged January 29th, 1866. He was married November 7th, 1869, to Sarah E. Safford, a native of Meshoppen. He located on his present farm in the spring of 1875. William H. Durkee, son of Joseph Durkee, was born in Binghamton, N. Y., February 8th, 1847. From early life he was a compositor most of the time until i86g, when he came to Meshoppen and began work as a tin- smith. In 1877 he purchased the hardware stock of S. A. Sturdevant, since which time he has been engaged in the hardware business at Meshoppen. He was married August 5th, 1879, to Maggie, daughter of William Black- mar, of Meshoppen. Thomas Ellsworth, farmer, is a native of Washing- ton township, and born July 26th, 1835. E. W. Farrar has been proprietor of the Nicholson Market since 1875. He is a native of Harford, Pa., and married Miss Ettie S. Hine, of that town. May loth, 1877. Samuel M. Gay was born in Mehoopany, December 9th, 1846, and came to Meshoppen with his parents in 1861. After reaching his majority he spent several years as clerk in a dry goods store. From 1873 he was in trade at Meshoppen five years. In September, 1879, he commenced the furniture business, which he still fol- lows. He was married December 24th, 1879, to Lizzie A. Mowry, of Meshoppen. Thomas Gill, born in Ireland, February 12th, 1805, came to this country in 1833, and for the first few years was employed on public works. He was married in New York State in October, 1835, to Bridget Colgan. In 1840 he located at Black Walnut and in 1846 settled on his present farm. Thomas Gill, jr., only child of Thomas Gill, was born in Wyalusing, Bradford county, February 4th, 1838, and came to Meshoppen with his parents in 1846. He was married October 7th, 1861, to Catharine Thayne, of Au- burn. He has always lived on his present farm. Charles F. Hahn was born in Mehoopany, November 19th, 1850. In early manhood he was engaged a portion of the time in teaching. July 23d, 1874, he married Sarah E. Jayne, of Meshoppen, and in the spring of 1876 he located on his present farm of 180 acres in Meshop- pen. He has two children^ — -Mary E., born December 29th, 1875, and Margaret E., born May 30th, 1879. Denis J. Harley, of Harley Brothers, tanners and curriers at Meshoppen, was born in Ireland, May 7th, 1844, where he learned his present trade. He came to New York in 1859, to Wyoming, Luzerne county, in 1864, and to Meshoppen in 1867. Patrick D. Harley was born in Ireland, August 4th, 1850, and came to New York city in 1868, and to Meshop- pen in 1869, where he has since been a tanner. He was married in October, 1876, to Margaret Campbell, of Laceyville. He is a school director of Meshoppen bor- ough. Porter S. V. Hine, the principal of the Nicholson independent school, was born in Gibson, Pa. He is a teacher of great experience and success. In twenty-five years of teaching he has had charge of three thousand students and only been compelled to expel six of that number, three of whom died in State prisons. •f 524 z? HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. * S. H. HiNE was born in Woodbridge, Conn., in 1807, and in 1828 married Mary, daughter of Grover Ball. They have three children living. Mr. Hine was formerly postmaster at Lemon, and was the first settler on his farm, which he has cleared up by his own labor. Benjamin G. Hull was born in Sussex county, N. J., October isth, 1836, and came to Mehoopany with his parents in 1841, thence to Meshoppen in 1846. Since 1853 he has been blacksmithing at Meshoppen. He was married September ist, 1858, to Almeda E. Fassett, of Forkston, Pa. B. D. Jaques was born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1815, and married in 1839 to Julia A., daughter of John Corwin, of that county. He has four children living. Two of his sons were soldiers in the war for the Union. Jerome D. Jayne, treasurer of Nicholson township in 1879, married Sarah, daughter of William Cobb, of Clin- ton, and has three sons and one daughter. He is a farmer, and has served as school director. E. F. Johnson, son of William W. Johnson, is a native of Susquehanna county. He married Hattie M., daughter of Solomon Taylor. They have one child. Mr. Johnson is the treasurer of Nicholson, secretary of Nicholson Lodge I. O. of O. F., and connected with the M. E. church. James H. Kelly, born in Tunkhannock in 1829, mar- ried in 1857 Sarah M.. daughter of Halstead Stark. She died in 1869, and during that year he married Kate A. Garrison. He has four children. He has resided in Lemon since 1859. John F. King, miller, was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., August 31st, 1849, where he learned the miller's trade, and remained until 1872, when he came to Falls town- ship, Wyoming county; thence to Meshoppen in 1879. He was married May 14th, 1873, to Rose Ellen Depew, of Falls. E. D. KiNTNER was born in Mehoopany, August i6th, 1852, and came to Washington in 1875. He is a farmer by occupation. Julius A. Kintner was born in Warren county, N. J., June 22nd, 1849. In the spring of 1854 his parents re- moved to Mehoopany; thence to Meshoppen in 1857. He was married June 4th, 1868, to Eliza Vose, of Me- shoppen, and has since lived at Meshoppen borough. He is a miller and the present proprietor of the chop mill at Meshoppen. William Langley was born in Oxfordshire, England, in 1802; came to America in 1834 and in 1844 married Mrs. Ellen Dayton, daughter of Leonard Conway, by whom he has four children. He is a farmer and manu- facturer. Levi Levy was born in Russia, in 1853, came to Amer- ica in 1869, and after several years' residence in Syracuse and Elmira settled in Nicholson in 1872 in the jewelry, watch and silverware business. He has a large trade in this and adjacent counties, and a reputation for honesty and fair dealing. His brother Nathan, born in Russia in March, 1858, came to Nicholson in 1878, where he is also in the jewelry business. A. J. Lewis was born in Brooklyn, Pa., in 183 1. His parents were from Delaware county, N. Y. He was mar- ried in 1863 to Harriet M. Reynolds, of Benton. They have one child living. Mr. Lewis was a musician in the Union army. Captain I. S. Little, general insurance agent, is a native of Middletown, N. Y. He came to Nicholson in 1855 and was one of its first merchants. He married Georgie, daughter of Jasper Stephens, of Nicholson. He served as Captain of Company K 143d Pennsylvania volunteers, has been county auditor and was postmaster from 1869 to 1872. Frederick Main, a native of Greene county, N. Y., was born in 1807, and married in 1849 to Mary B., daughter of Joseph Camp, of Connecticut. Mr. Main was a clothier and owned a farm of one hundred and twenty-five acres. He died July nth, 1861. EzEKiEL Mead, born in Middletown, Delaware county, N. Y., in 1822, came to Lemon in infancy and was mar- ried in 1841 to Lydia Carey, of Tunkhannock. Seven of their eight children are living. Mr. Mead is a farmer and lumberman and made the first clearing on his farm. Elias J. MowRY, son of Ezekiel Mowry, was born in Meshoppen borough, August 5th, 1826, and married to Christianna Kintner, of Washington township, October i8th, 1847. From the spring of 1848 hre was farming in Auburn, Susquehanna county until the fall of 1864, when he located on a portion of the homestead in Mes- hoppen. Here he soon built a saw-mill and was for many years engaged in lumbering. Since July, 1875, he has been the Lehigh Valley freight and ticket agent at Mes- hoppen. He has served as school director nearly thirty years. William F. Mowry, son of Ezekiel Mowry, was born in Meshoppen, August 24th, 1831. In the fall of 1852 he removed to Susquehanna county, and in the spring of 1856 to his present farm. He was married October 13th, 1855, to Harriet O. Cole, a native of Meshoppen. He has been assessor of Meshoppen for the past six years. R. D. Newton, postmaster and merchant, was born in Otsego county, N. Y. He came to Nicholson in 1864, where he has since been engaged in mercantile business. Mrs. Newton was Harriet N., daughter of C. C. Birge. Both are prominently identified with the Presbyterian church. John Niver was born in Tompkins county, N. Y., May 7th, 1816, and married Lettie M., daughter of Andrew Gardiner, of Nicholson. He became proprietor of the hotel called by his name in 1867, and died January 30th, 1875, leaving two sons, who succeeded him in business. Benjamin Overfield, second son of Paul Overfield, has always lived on and worked the homestead, where he was born March 28th, 1822. He has followed threshing for twenty-five seasons, and spent five years on public works. Since 1858 he has been making cider extensively. He was married March 2nd, 1847, to Lois A. Camp, of Bradford county. He is now serving his third terra as overseer of the poor. William Overfield, oldest son of Paul Overfield, was born in Meshoppen, October loth, 1813, and lived on the old homestead during his minority. He was married February 2Sth, 1836, to Anna Bunnell, of Washington, and in June following he located in Auburn, Susquehanna county, on an entirely new farm, cutting his own road for nearly three miles. Here he cleared his present valuable farm. His wife died March nth, 1854, leaving six children. November i6th, 1854, he married Minerva H. Keeney, a native of Windham township, born July 14th, 1813. Charles Place was born in Monroe county, Pa., in 1822, and has lived in Washington about forty-seven =4* ^h GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 524^ years. His farm is situated near the line of the Lehigh Valley Railroad and commands a fine view of the scene- ry along the river. Andrew J. Pneuman, son of John Pneuman, was born in Auburn, Susquehanna county, Pa., April 19th, 1824, where he remained most of the time until i860, when he sold his homeptead and removed to Rush, and thence in 1870 to his present farm. He was married May 8th, 185 1, to Fanny Bullard, a native of Susquehanna county. William H. Pneuman, son of John Pneuman, was born in Susquehanna county. Pa., April 19th, 1829, but has lived in Meshoppen most of his life, milling and lum- bering. Francis D. Pratt, a nephew of the famous Colonel Zadoc Pratt, was born in Jewett, Greene county, N. Y. He married Eliza B. Bristol, of North Blenheim, N. Y., and has three children: Lily A., born December 26th, 1863; Ogden D., December 5th, 1866, and Frankie E.. January nth, 187 1. Mr. Pratt was for years engaged in the tanning business here, and is now a hardware mer- chant. John Quinn was born in the State of New York about 830; removed to Luzerne county about 1838, and thence to Meshoppen two years later. He worked by the month until he accumulated means to buy his present farm, in 1861. He was married May i8th,i862,to Ann Riley,of Au- burn. He has amassed a fine property, owning besides his home farm three others in the vicinity. Jerome Remington, farmer, has always resided in Washington, where he was born in 1826. His father, George Remington, born in 1795, came to Wyoming county from Rhode Island in 1813. He walked from Rhode Island to Tunkhannock in about three weeks, en- countering great obstacles in his journey by numerous snow storms, but at last reached his destination. He has held several township offices. C. H. RiKER came from Scott, Luzerne county, to Nicholson twenty-four years ago. He married Auretta Oakley. He served in the 171st Pa. volunteers in the civil war. He is a farmer and has been collector and township treasurer, and a school director for twelve years. Theodore H. Riley was born in Montrose, Pa., and has been in trade at West Nicholson since 1877. He was formerly a member of the firm of Riley & Johnson, of Scranton. David Shepard Roberts, son of Rev. Eli F. Roberts, was born in Springville, Susquehanna county, Pa., Aug- ust 31st, 1852. In 1866 his father engaged in trade at Meshoppen with young Roberts as clerk. He was a dry goods clerk five years in Pittston. In 1874 he embarked in trade at Meshoppen in company with S. M. Gay. In two years he became sole proprietor, which he has since been. He was married May 30th, 1877, to Emma M. Jayne, of Meshoppen. He is a member of the borough council. Jared Robinson was born in Forkston, August 13th, 1825, and came to Washingten in 1834, where he has since resided, and has been for many years a farmer. Matthew R. Robling, born in Germany, came to America when an infant. He carried on the jewelry bus- iness in Scranton previous to 1878, when he established himself in Nicholson. He married Miss Carrie Riden- boch, of Scranton. Charles Russell, farmer, a native of Washington township, was born in 1821. His parents, who were among the first settlers of the township, came from Con- necticut at an early day. Landus B. Safford has always lived in Meshoppen township, where he was born December 23d, 1848. His father, Laban L. Safford, was born in Sufquehanna county, February 9th, 1820, and lived in the northwest part of Meshoppen from 1845 until his death, June 7th, 1855. Landus B. was married September 18th, 1872. In February, 1873, he went to Nebraska to locate, but the death of his wife, March 25th, 1873, caused him to return. December 25th, 1875, he married Angeline E. Cole, who died December 14th, 1876. He was married to his present wife. Miss Cassie E. Cole, July 7th, 1877. He has lived on his present farm since the fall of 1878. Cyrus Shaw, born in 1824, was married in 1854 to Lydia, daughter of Samuel Billings, of Tunkhannock. They have had five children, one of whom was drowned when eight years old. Mr. Shaw is a steward of the M. E. church and a prominent Granger. Dana Shaw, son of Daniel Shaw who was one of the early settlers of West Nicholson, married Eva Shaw, of Lemon township. He is one of a numerous family, most of whom reside within a few miles of the old homestead farm, of which Mr. Shaw has charge. Thomas J. Sherwood, proprietor of the Chappaqua planing mills and toy factory at Meshoppen, was born at Chappaqua, Westchester county, N. Y., March 16th, 1816, and removed to Auburn in 1833. In 1838 and 1839 he was foreman and inspector on the Croton water works, New York. He was married January 23d, 1840, to Eliza A. Guile, of Auburn. He worked principally as a mill- wright and carpenter until 1880, when he located at Meshoppen and soon after built the mill which he has since operated. His wife died August 3d, 1857, leaving three children. December 25th, 1858, he married Abbie Van Nosdell, of Meshoppen. He is now serving his second term as justice of the peace of Meshoppen. John J. Shook, the proprietor of the Nicholson flour- ing mill, was born in Plainfield, Northampton county, and married Ruth Corry, of Abington, Lackawanna county. Pa. William M. Sine was born in Warren county, N. J., October 17th, 1820. In the spring of 1822 his parents removed to Kingston, Luzerne county. Pa.; thence to Scranton in 1838. His father was and the son has al- ways been a miller. He married Phebe, daughter of Stephen Lott, an early settler in Meshoppen. In 1848 he came to Meshoppen borough, and in 1874 became a part- ner in the large flouring mill of Sterling & Sine, in which he has been employed over twenty-one years. A. A. Smith, a native of Massachusetts, came to Nich- olson when a child. He married Emily Gardiner, of Springville, Susquehanna county. Pa. They have had four children: Leslie Eugene, born April 25th, 1866; Byron J., October 29th, 1868; Myrtie A., September 2nd, 1872, and Clara B., March 3d, 1874 (died June isth, 1878). Mr. Smith served in Company K 143d Pa. volun- teers, during the civil war. H. A. Smith, a native of Benton township, is one of the best known of Nicholson's earlier business men, and is now a special agent for the Equitable Life Assurance Society of New York, with a large and important field in which to operate. Lizzie V. Smith, born in Tunkhannock, deserves especial mention as a direct descendant of one of the sufferers by the Wyoming massacre. Her grandfather, Jonathan Smith, was captured by the Indians when a lad f^h SH-P HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. of nine years, claimed by a squaw as her son, and lived with them in the Niagara country for four years, when he was rescued by a British officer by means of a strata- gem, and after remaining with his rescuer for two years found his way back to Hanover, Pa., to which place his parents had returned after the massacre. There he after- ward led a quiet, uneventful life, removing in his old age to the Narrows, near Tunkhannock. Nathan Stark was born in 1832, and married in 1855 to Oliva, daughter of Erastus Sheffield, of Chenan- go county, N. Y. They had five children, two of whom only are living. Wesley Stark, jury commissioner, was born in Nich- olson. He served in Company B 132nd Pa, volunteer infantry at Antietam, Fredericksburg and Chancellors- ville. He was married August 27th, 1863, to Sarah J. Brown, of Lemon township, and has three daughters. He was appointed jury commissioner to fill a vacancy, and at the close of the term was elected to the same position. Hon. a. W. Stephens, born in Nicholson, July 17th, 1844, is a director and vice-president of the agricultural society. He married a daughter of Orville Tiffany. In 1878 he was elected representative to the Legislature for two years. In the sessions of 1878 and 1879 he opposed the riot bill and voted for the expulsion of members charged with bribery, regardless of party ties. Edwin Stephens, formerly sheriff of Wyoming county, is now living in hale old age on his pleasant farm, re- newing occasionally his acquaintance with the chase by a week of camping on Dutch Mountain in the deer season. Joseph Stephens, for many years the postmaster at Pierceville, is a lineal descendant of Eliphalet S. Steph- ens, the first settler in Nicholson. Mr. Stephens was for many years a lumberman, and is now a substantial farmer. His son, F. P. Stephens, who resides with him, is a justice of the peace for Nicholson and the township clerk. Calvin Sterling, second son of John Sterling, was born in Meshoppen township, February 12th, 1819. He followed farming until after his marriage, May 4th, 1844, to Hannah M. Bond, a native of Monroe county. Pa. He was then a miller many years. In 185 1 he removed to Meshoppen borough, and about 1864 located on his present farm. Daniel T. Sterling, son of Daniel Sterling, was born at Black Walnut, February 20th, 1815. His father was an extensive lumber manufacturer and dealer, and early erected mills at Meshoppen village, which were princi- pally under the management of young Daniel T. He was married to Susan A. Loomis, September 23d, 1841, and has since lived at Meshoppen borough. He has been the leading merchant of the town since 1843, ^nd has been successfully engaged in lumbering, farming, flouring and grain dealing. John G. Sterling, son of John Sterling, was born in Meshoppen township, January 28th, 1823, and was mar- ried November 5th, 1846, to Betsey Osborn, of Auburn, soon after which he located on a farm in Auburn. In 1868 he bought and occupied the Nicholas Overfield farm. In 1874 he sold this and removed to Meshoppen borough, where he is engaged in farming, stock dealing and the undertaker's business. J. Monroe Stilwell was born in Susquehanna county, Pa., March 25th, 1849, and came to Meshoppen in 1870. He is a carpenter and joiner, and has worked at his trade in many parts of the country. Stephen A. Sturdevant, son of Peter B., was born at Skinner's Eddy, April 22nd, 1839, and was married, May 24th, 1864, to Anna C. Durkee, of Binghamton,,. N. Y. He was a farmer until 1859; then was tinsmithing at Binghamton until 1866, then at Meshoppen in the hardware trade for twelve years, and since in the insur- surance business. He enlisted April 27th, 1861, in Com- pany D. 27th N. Y. infantry, served about thirteen months and was discharged for disability. M. R. Thurber was born in Providence, R. I., but has resided in Wyoming county for twenty-five years. He is the inventor of a side bar spring for carriages and a self-adjusting blinder head-stall. He married a daugh- ter of Leonard Rought, of Nicholson. S. Leroy Tiffany was born in Susquehanna county. Pa., studied law with R. R. Little, and was admitted to practice June i8th, 1871. He is the only lawyer in Nicholson, and has a large and growing practice. He was one of the early settlers in the borough. Elias Treible came to Wyoming county from Mon- roe county. Pa., in 1865. He has lived in Washington since then, and is a farmer. C. F. VosBURG was born in Washington, in 1853. He is a farmer. His wife's maiden name was Hanning, and her parents were old residents of the town. His parents are living. G. Riley Vosburg, farmer, was born near Vosburg Station, in Washington, in 1856. His parents w'ere among the early settlers of that portion of the town. James L. Vose was born in Mehoopany, in 1845, and came to Washington in 1867. He is a partner in the mill at Keyserville conducted by Vose Brothers. He served in the late war in Company H of the 198th Pa. volunteers. L. M. Vose was born in Mehoopany, in 1841, and came to Washington in 1866. He is a member of the firm of Vose Brothers, proprietors of the grist-mill at Keyserville. This mill, which contains three runs of stones, and grinds on an average about 33,000 bushels of grain annually, has been under their management ten years. Mr. Vose served in the late war in the 143d Pa. volunteers. Wallace W. Warner, a native of Mount Pleasant, Pa., came to Nicholson in 1871, and engaged in carriage making. Mrs. Warner was Frances Fisk, of Lenox, Susquehanna county. They were married in 1870 and have three children. George L. Weaver, son of John J. Weaver, born in Chfford, Pa., is the agent of the Travelers' Insurance Company. He was formerly engaged in mercantile busmess at this place. Mrs. Weaver was Martha Shook, of Newton, Pa. Chester H. Wells was born in Greenfield, Luzerne county, September 12th, 1853. Since December, 1872, he has been in the jewelry business at Meshoppen. He IS also the inventor and patentee of an adjustable at- tachment for finger rings, designed to hold the ring in any desired position on the finger. Mr. Wells was mar- ried October nth, 1876, to Lizzie Dailey, of Strouds- burg. Pa. Dr. Elmer H. Wells, son of Dr. Nathan Wells, was born in Braintnm township, April 19th, 1842. He was educated at the Susquehanna collegiate institute, Towan- da, and at Michigan University, graduating from the literary department of the latter, with the class of 1862. He then spent one year in the army as quartermaster -m: GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. S24G sergeant in the 132nd Pennsylvania volunteer infantry. In 1864 he commenced the study of medicine, and grad- uated at the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, of New York, in 1867. After a short residence in Tunkhannock he located at Meshoppen, where he has since been asso- ciated with his father in the drug business and practice of medicine. Dr. Nathan Wells was born in Orange county, N. Y., October isth, 1815. He graduated from the Geneva (N. Y.) Medical College in 1838, and practiced with Dr. G. F. Horton, of Terrytown, Bradford county. Pa., until his marriage to Mary, daughter of Major John Horton, in June, 1841. After a year's residence at Black Walnut, in Braintrim, he located at Meshoppen, where he has since been in practice, and in the drug trade since 1-870. He was associate judge of Wyoming county from 1861 to 1866. William Werkeizer, came to Nicholson from Monroe county in 1867. He married a Miss Slick, of Monroe county. He is a director of the Nicholson Savings Fund, Building and Loan Association and a prominent Mason and Odd Fellow. Eno S. Wheeler, M. D., is a son of Dr. S. M. Wheeler, of Waverly, Pa., with whom he studied, and is a graduate of Jefferson Medical College. He has practiced in Peckville and Waverly, and in Nicholson since 1874. He married a Miss Chamberlin in 1873. He was elected coroner of Wyoming county in 1875. Nathan P. Wilcox was born in Nunda, Livingston county, N. Y. He came to Nicholson in 1863 and is senior partner in the hardware firm of Wilcox & Pratt. He is prominently identified with public enterprises of the day. He was one of the founders and is an elder of the Presbyterian church. He has served the town as justice of the peace, and is one of the directors of the Independent school. Theodore Williams came to Washington in 1851, from Monroe county. Pa., where he was born in 1824. He is engaged in lumbering and farming. He was elected to the office of county commissioner in 1876, and served until 1879. He has also held several township offices. Gideon Winans, a native and lifelong resident of Meshoppen, was born December 21st, 1841. He enlisted March 7th, 1864, in battery E 2nd Pa. heavy artillery, and was discharged in January, 1866. He was married , January ist, 1868, to Clara J., daughter of John G. Ster- ling, of Meshoppen, and moved to that place in the fall of 1869. He was a wheelwright principally until the spring of 1876, and has since been in the hardware busi- ness. He has been justice of the peace since the spring of 1873. John W. Wrigley, a native of Luzerne county, mar- ried, in 1872, Mary E., daughter of William Shaw, and has one son. He was engaged in mercantile business from 1872 to 1879, a.id has been school director and collector. The following citizens of Lemon, Meshoppen, Nichol- son and Washington also contributed their support to this publication: G. O. Beers, Sidney Bailey, N. Bi ck, D. A. Bunnell, W. T. Childs, A. T. Cortright, H. M. Damon & Son, D. C. Graham, E. S. P. Hine, Hiram Jackson, W. S. Mace, W. W. Monier, F. N. Phillips, C. M. Pneuman, O. E. Reynolds, Jacob A. Thomas, Cyrus Thompson, N. L. Walker, V. W. Walker, W. M. Walker, Mrs. F. Worrell. <^ fi^= to order and direct " Nathan Benison, ) the company towns." " Upon the application of Isaac Tripp, Esq., Elisha Wilcox, Job Tripp, Philip Buck and others to have a meeting of the proprietors of the township of Putnam, in order to chose a proprietors' clerk and to come into some regular method to survey the lots in said town, and to do any other business proper to be done at said meeting,'' the proprietors were summoned to meet at the house of Zebulon Marcy in said township on the r2th of Septem- ber following. The call for a meeting was dated "West- moreland, this 20th day of August, 1776," and signed by John Jenkins as justice of the peace. At this meeting it was voted that Elisha Wilcox be moderator for the day; that Zebulon Marcy be the proprietors' clerk; that a "committee be chosen and authorized to admit proprie- tors into and fill up the vacant lots in said township," and that Isaac Tripp, Elisha Wilcox and Zebulon Marcy be such committee; that "the agent or clerk, with five other proprietors of said town, shall be a sufficient warn- ing " for future meetings; and that the meeting be ad- journed until the 4th of November next, at the same place. The following is " a list of the proprietors of the township of Putnam, with the number of their lots, as they were recorded by order of Isaac Tripp, Esq., in 1777: .Teremifth Angel, 1 ; Samuel Warner, 2 ; Jeremiah Whipple, 8 ; David Braton, 4; Charles Keen, 5; Elijah Shoemaker, 6; Job Randall, 9; Charles Keen, 10; Simon Whipple, 11; Zebulon Marcy, 12; Jabesh Green, 13; Samuel Gorton, 15; Paul Green, 16 ; Jonathan Slocum, 17; Benjamin Bowen, 18 ; Job Tripp ye 3d, 20 ; Increase Billings, 21 ; Zebulon Marcy, 22; Elisha Wilcox, 33; Benjamin Bowen, 21 : Jabesh Whipple, 2'); David Green, 20 ; Ephraim Rowen, 37 ; Isaac Tripp, jr., 28 ; James Arnold, 30 ; Jonathan Randall, 30 ; Philip Beekman, 39 and 40 ; Ephraim Bowen, 41 ; Isaac Tripp, 42 ; Jonathan Randall, 44; Simon Whipple, 47; Joseph Lippett, 50 and 51 ; Jolin Gardner, 52 ; James Arnold, 53. The stirring events of the Revolution intervened, and the new settlers either fled from this disputed ground or took sides in the contest. On the 27th of April, 1786, fr^^= + A MAJOR H.W. BARDWE:ll,tunkhahnock,pa. VVYOMIISIG COUNTY. D? C.H. DANA, TUNKHANNOCK,PA. WYOjNrtlNS COUNTY. NICHOLS ON, WYOMiNGr COUNT\. PA. EDWARD JONES, OLYPH ANT, PA. • LACKAWANNA COUNT V. other allotments of land were made and the following were the persons who drew them: Elijtth Shoemaker, Joseph Soule, Zebulon Marcy, Nathaniel Piatt, David Braton, Ephraim Bowen, John P. Schott, Usel Bates, Williams, jr., Caleb Bates, Clement West, Ezra Bulty, William Miller, Gideon Oster- hout, Joseph Kilhoum, Jonathan Slocura, Job Tripp 3d, Increase Bill- ings, Ephraim Sanford, Isaac Tripp, Isaac Tripp, jr., Joseph Arthur, Archibald Bowen, Nathaniel Goodspeed, Nathan Barlow, John Platnor, John Carey, Elijah Oakley, Reuben Taylor, Nathaniel Piatt, Barnabas Carey, Frederick Budd, Amos Egglestone, Elisha Wilcox, Daniel Taylor. As will be seen, of the twenty-eight old proprietors only the Billings, Slocura, Marcy, Braton, Tripp and Bowen families appear in the above mentioned allotments, and they were probably all of the first settlers who re- turned after the war; the other incorporators having come in from the Wyoming valley and other localities after the declaration of peace. The name chosen in 1788 for the enlarged township was evidently the Indian name. The territory of the new town comprised what is now included in the townships of Eaton, Clinton and part of Nicholson. In March, 1787, the Legislature of Pennsylvania passed " an act for ascertaining and confirming to certain persons called Connecticut claimants the land by them claimed within the county of Luzerne, and for other purposes." This act gave to actual settlers under the Connecticut title a pre-emption right to the lands claimed by them in the seventeen townships organized and established pre- vious to the Trenton decree. Under this act commis- sioners were appointed by the State to hear and deter- mine who were actual settlers, and to whom certificates should be given. Upon these certificates the titles to their lands were consummated. The early deeds con- veying lands within these towns generally contained a descriptive recital as follows : " It being lot No. in the certified township of , one of the seventeen townships of Luzerne county.'' About 1771 Zebulon Marcy came from Pittston to this point, and Philip Buck and a Hollander named Adam Wortman also settled here, while John Secord built his cabin about two miles above what is now the village of Tunkhannock; and within a year or two families named Anguish, Ancre and Simmons settled along the west bank of the river. Wortman and others of the low Dutch settlers were tories during the Revolution. The fate of Wortman was that of a traitor, and was decided before the settlers left the valley, as related on page 51. Events crowded thickly upon each other in those days, and in the spring of 1778 the settlers were forced to leave their homes and retire to the forts in Wyoming valley; and at Forty Fort nine days before the massacre, on June 24th, Sarah, a daughter of Zebulon Marcy, was born. With the Marcys at that place were the families of Increase and Samuel Billings. After the massacre all who had families removed to safer localities. In the flight a little son of Zebulon Marcy died, and was buried on Pocono mountain. Of the families who went to Dutchess county, N. Y., the Marcys and Billingses re- turned after Sullivan's expedition, and after the close of the war were active in Ihe reorganization of the town- ship. The stirring memories of the Revolution kept alive a military ardor that resulted in the formation of militia organizations. Just after the close of the war of 1812 we find Major Slocum, one of the earliest hotel keepers of Tunkhannock, clearing and "grubbing" a parade ground of forty acres for his regiment. General training was in vogue until 1838, when the last inspection was made. The first merchants were George Miller and John McCordjWho, from some point near Harrisburgh, in 1798 poled their first stock of goods up the river in canoes and afterward employed Diirham boats. Miller & McCord established a shad fishery and opened a barter trade in these fish, which were plenty and cheap, a bushel of salt being considered a fair equivalent for one hundred of them. The firm took these fish to the Dutch settlements below, and later to Elmira, whence they were carted to Seneca lake, taken in boats to Geneva and distributed in central New York. jMcCord married Sarah Marcy, who was born in Forty Fort. He died at Tunkhannock about 1813, the owner of lot 13, on which a good part of the village now stands. The Osterhout family seem to have settled here about 1775, as the name of Peter Osterhout appears on the roll of Captain Ransom's company as having enlisted January 1st, 1777. He w354 in 1880. TUNKHANNOCK BOROUGH. ^UNKHANNOCIv borough w.is organized in 1841, and the first charter election was held in September of that year, when John Montanye was elected chief burgess. The erection of county buildings and the opening of the canal and railroad each gave an impetus to man- ufactures and business in general. The first school-house was built and used for the double purpose of church and school. It stood opposite Dr. Keating's in " Limerick." It was built in 1816, and used until the present brick building was erected. Sallie Kellogg was the first teacher. The number of schools re- ported by Superintendent Lee in 1877 was thirteen. The first hotel was built by John McCord, in 181 1. Before the fire of 1850 a framed hotel occupied the site of the Piatt House. Old Fort Sumter was a feature that, with the Hufford House, disappeared in the flames of 1870. A large framed hotel, built by Carter Hickock in 1814, was the predecessor of Wall's, which was built by Henry Stark in 1844, and the Keeler House was erected by Milo Keeler in 1874 on the site of the old Hufford. The Packer House was built by Ziba Billings in 1872, and is kept by Billings & Reynolds. The Warren Street Hotel was developed from a dwelling house by F. G. Os- terhout; and the Wyoming Valley House, a small framed building, completes the list. One of the most popular early hotels was built by Major Slocum in 1814. It now stands on Tioga above Slocum street, and is a private dwelling, the property of William Benedict. In 1850 a fire destroyed the block running through from Bridge to Warren on the north side of Tioga street, involving a heavy loss. The great flood of March, 1865, swept away the two middle spans of the Tunkhannock bridge and earned off one or two small dwellings. Oc- tober 27th, 1870, a fire broke out in the stables of the Hufford House, which stood near where the Keeler House now stands, and destroyed twenty-two buildings, causing a loss of $100,000. The burned district is now covered by elegant and substantial brick blocks. Another good effect of the fire was a due appreciation of the value of a reliable water supply and fire department. An effort in favor of the latter resulted in the organization and equipment of the present efficient hose company. The population of the borough in 1870 was 953, and in 1880 1,117. Post-offices and Mail Routes. The post-office here was established April ist, 1801, and Isaac Slocum appointed postmaster. July ist, 1811, Elijah Barnura was appointed; Charles Osterhout, No- vember i2th, 1812; John Buckingham, August 27th, 1817; Merritt Slocum, April 2nd, 1824; B. Tuttle, Janu- ary 20th, 1825; Henry Stark, September 23d, 1828; Samuel Stark 2nd, December 7th, 1836; William B. Moneypenny in January, 1841; Peter M. Osterhout in July of the sanii year; William Bolton, 1845; Nelson C. Martin and Charles E. Lathrop, 1849; John Brisbin and James Kelley, 1853; George A. Chase and Alvin Day, 1857; Thomas A. Miller, 1861; William Burgess, 1865; Frank L. Sittzer, 1866; William Burgess and Charles J. Wright, 1867; Thomas A. Miller, 1869; Hiram W. Bard- well, 1874. The first regular mail route was by a lumber wagon driven from Kingston to Painted Post, making one trip a week. After the completion of the Montrose turnpike mails were carried weekly from Tunkhannock to Mon- trose, thence to Great Bend and from there to Bingham- ton, N. Y., the same carrier going through the entire distance, often on foot. To-day the office is in receipt of two New York and two Philadelphia mails daily, with stage mail routes embracing all points in the county. It is on Warren and Tioga streets. The Press. The press of Tunkhannock has been practically that of the county; since, excepting two short-lived journals at Nicholson, the journalistic enterprise of Wyoming county has centered at this point. *i^- <^ \i:j^ <', NEWSPAPERS OF TUNKHANNOCK— BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS. S3I The Wyoming Patrol and Republican Standard was established by Bolton & Lee, and the first number was issued Thursday, May 19th, 1841. It was a six-column sheet and not remarkable for energy as a news-gatherer, but was delivered to subscribers in the outlying towns by means of a carrier on horseback. About 1855 Dr. John V. Smith edited the North Branch Democrat. Alvin Day published the paper from 1857 until i860, and then sold it to B. B. Emory, who changed its name to the Intelligencer and converted it politically, but discontinued it to take a government position at Washington. The Tiffany Brothers started in i860 the Wyoming Republican. This venture was finally abandoned. The Intelligencer was succeeded by the Wyoming Democrat in 1861, Edward Kitchen publishing the first three numbers and then disposing of it to Harvey Sickler, who was succeeded in 187 1 by Alvin & John Day, the first of whom is the present editor in chief. During Mr. Day's administration the paper has been enlarged from a seven to a nine column page and its circulation increased by the addition of 500 new subscribers. It is ably con- ducted and a credit to the party whose organ it is. In March, 1880, Charles F. Terry, a young lawyer, was ad- mitted to partnership in its publication, the firm now being Day & Terry. In 1869 the Tunkhannock Republican arose from the ashes of its predecessor, under the management of Perry Marcy, as an organ of temperance and Republicanism. In 1873 A. F. Yost, the acting editor, formed a partner- ship with Mr. Furman and leased the paper. The firm was subsequently dissolved and Mr. Furman conducted the paper until 1875, when Mr. Marcy again took charge, in order to support the prohibition State ticket and op- pose the election of Hartranft for governor. In Janu- ary, 1876, he retired, and sold the business to Cyrus D. Camp. Under the progressive and vigorous management of the present proprietor, and his adherance to the party principles, the Republican party has been united and strengthened, the circulation of the paper doubled, and, enlarged by the addition of a supplement, it now claims to be " the largest paper published in Wyoming county." In 1876 the Nicholson Standard was removed to this place by its founder, E. L. Day, and in March, 1879, con- verted into an independent Democratic paper, edited by John L. Garmon. During the year he disposed of it to Bacon & Son, who have enlarged it from a six-column folio to a quarto of the same number of columns per page, and now claims the largest circulation in the place. Mercantile, Manufacturing and Banking In- terests. Draper Billings, successor to Phillips & Billings, oc- cupies a fine brick building on Bridge street, erected by him after the burning of his store in 1870. Osterhout &■ Wheelock, in the new brick block opposite Billings, al- though only in operation since 1879, are among the lead- ing houses in their display of general merchandise. The clothing house of Barham, Bogart &' Co. was founded by Henry Barham in 1851. In 1865 C. P. Miller was ad- mitted, and he retired in 1879, E. P. Bogart and H. A. Barham (a son of the senior partner) being then admit- ted. The store and shops of this firm are on Tioga street, and their business is extensive. The manufacturing is done under the personal supervision ■ of Henry Barham. Mills (St" Billings's extensive hardware store occupies the corner of Warren and Tioga streets. This firm succeeds O. S. Mills & Co., who founded the business in 1866. The new firm of Bogart, Degnan a' Co. is in the Bunnell block, on Warren street, and consists of H. Wells Bogart, Joseph Degnan and Frank C. Bunnell. Mrs.B. B. Bed- ford, whose elegant brick building is one of the features of Tioga street, is the leading dealer in millinery goods and ladies' furnishing goods. F. M. Winans, Pic- ture Frame Manufacturer on Bridge street, deals in frames, cornices and upholsterers' supplies. George W. Gray's Bakery and Confectionery Establishment is one of the oldest concerns in the place. Mr. Gray succeeded his father in business. The Excelsior Drug Store of S. S. Hatfield, on Tioga street, is a widely known and ably managed pharmacy, Mr. Hatfield being a practical chemist of considerable experience. In ad- dition to these, there are a co-operative grocery store, the dry-goods stores of J. G. Leighton, A. B. Mott, Stark and F. L. Sittzer, and a boot and shoe store kept by J. K. Slausson; three drinking saloons, two tobacco stores and three millinery shops and the drugstores of Samuel Stark and Doctor Chase. Gerhart's Machine Shops are the successor of the foundry built by Cyrus Avery in 1840, which, after passing through several hands, became the property of Hon. C. D. Gearhart in 1850. He made ex- tensive additions to its buildings and machinery and car- ries on a considerable business in making railroad cast- ings, circular saw-mills, stoves and agricultural machin- ery, among his customers being the Lehigh Valley and Montrose Railway Companies. The shops employ fif- teen men and add materially to the business of the vil- lage. The Tunkhannock Ta/zw^rj was established in 1866 by the Palen Brothers. It is now the property of H. G. Lapham & Co., of New York city. The local heads of the establishment are Rufus P. Northrop, tanner, and William C. Kittredge, outside manager. The present ca- pacity of the tannery is 30,000 hides or 60,000 sides of leather per annum, being an increase of one third over former years, and at this writing it is intended to be still farther enlarged, especially the "beam house" by one- third, and by other important additions and iinprove- ments. The time required for tanning is five months. None but the very best "green salted, city slaughtered" hides — those from heavy and superior cattle — are used, being shipped from New York; and the leather (trade mark "Union Crop") manufactured ranks in the market as A I, without any superior, and is used exclusively for soles of the finest quality of boots and shoes. Six thou- sand tons of bark are yearly required in the work, forty- five men are employed, and the amount of money annu- ally expended in Tunkhannock and vicinity alone ex- ceeds $60,000, while the sales foot up over $450,000. -4 «=^H =^N 532 HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. The length of the main burilding is 470 feet and it covers an area of 23,800 square feet, without including several large sheds for bark, barn and hide houses. The engine used, in addition to pumping water and running the ma- chinery, supplies the Lehigh Valley Railroad with water and is the main dependence of the town in case of fire, having connections so arranged as to supply the hydrants, without loss of time, to an unlimited extent from the river. The Tuiikhannock Mills, F. L. Sittser proprietor, N. Keim miller, was established in 1873-4, on the site of an older one but on a much larger scale, and additions and improvements have been and are constantly being made, as the increasing business requires. The main building IS 40 by 56 feet, has three turbine water wheels, a capac- ity for grinding 400 bushels per day, contains recent and important improvements and inventions for the manu- facture of a superior article of flour, and the brand of " Tunkhannock Mills " for purity and excellence stands very high both at home and abroad. The Timkhaimock Agricultural Works, Miller & Avery proprietors, are making everything called for in their line, and make a specialty of two horse power threshing machines, thresher and cleaner combined; the "Challenge" one horse power thresher and separator; bark mill, of the Palen and Avery jjatent; plows, cultivators, field rollers, churn powers, for dogs and sheep, etc., etc. Attached to the foundry are a planing mill and circular and up- right saws for home and custom work, run by an engine of 15 horse power. The average number of men em- ployed is six. The Tunkhannock Marble and Granite Works, Burns & White proprietors, and dealers in Scotch and American granite, foreign and domestic marble, and everthing manufactured therefrom, was commenced in 1872 by James K. Fellows and sold by him to ex-Sheriff Comstock. Burns & White have worked up the business until it requires ten hands and the carrying of a large stock. The Tunkhannock Toy Company was organized in 1876, by S. J. Stark, John Day, C. H. Stratton, George W. Stark and S. W. Little. Their works are at the foot of Marcy lake, in the township. Tliey employ from 12 to 20 men in turning wooden toys. The original members of the company all remain except C. H. Strat- ton. The office of the company is on Bridge street. The Wyoming National Bank, the only bank of issue in the county, was organized February 23d, and began business April 3d, 1864, with a capital of $100,000. The first officers and directors were : C. P. Miller, president ; Samuel Stark, cashier ; D. D. Dewitt, teller ; George Osterhout, Jonathan Jenkins, E. Sharp, Paul Billings, T. B. Wall, J. H. Ross. C. P. Miller is still president. Samuel Stark died in December, 1879 ; D. D. Dewitt was chosen cashier in his place, and since his death in Janu- ary, j88o, his son F. W. Dewitt has been cashier. The present directors are C. P. Miller, George Osterhout, F. W. Dewitt, John Jackson, Perry Billings, F. B. Hight, John A. Sittzer and B. P. Carver. The annual meetings are held on the second Tuesday in January at the bank. The following summary of the bank's business will prove of interest: Capital stock January ist, 1880, $roo,ooo ; net surplus, $21,000 ; total dividends declared on capital since 1865, $124,250 ; total earnings since 1865, $146,- 2 1 2.43. The Banking House of F. C. Bunnell fif Co. was established in 1870, by Hon. F. C. Bunnell and his father, James Bunnell. The institution meets a popular demand, and its handsome parlors are the scenes of large financial transactions. Hon. Frank C. Bunnell, the president, is still a young man. He began business life as a merchant at Russell Hill in 1863. Two years later he located here, and for some time was engaged in trade. In 1872 he was elected to Congress from this district. James Bun- nell is practically a silent partner, his age preventing his active participation. W. D. Williams has been the cashier for the past eight years. Business Corporations. The Tunkhannock Bridge Company was incorporated April 3d, 1835. Its first president was James Wright and treasurer Henry Stark, with Elisha Harding, jr., James Kelly, Isaac Vosburgh, Alfred Durham, D. A. Bardwell and Luman Ferry .as directors. Collecting subscriptions and obtaining State aid seem to have employed the company until 1854, when the bridge was built and accepted. It is a wooden structure of four spans resting on massive stone piers, is eight hundred and ten feet in length and about thirty in width. The gale of August 25th, 1854, destroyed the superstructure. Ex- hausted by the loss the company went into liquidation. It was reorganized the following year and the work was once more completed and accepted in November, 1857, the State becoming a stockholder to the amount of $S,ooo. Until 1865 the bridge was operated successfully, paying small dividends on the stock; but March i8th of that year an ice flood swept away two spans and a pier, and once more the company sought relief in bankruptcy. In 1868 the company was again reorganized, the damages repaired, George E. Palen was elected president, and in the following year the bridge was once more ready for use and the company fixed their capital stock at $34,000, afterward increased to $52,000. In 1875 the bridge was damaged to the extent of $5,000 by an ice flood. The total cost of the structure to date has been some $45,000, The engineer's estimate of the original cost was $13,500. and the contractor, after expending that amount and sinking $5,000 of his own funds, was compelled to aban- don the enterprise. The Tunkhannock Water Company was chartered April 22nd, 1858, with an authorized capital of $20,000. Its first officers were: Jacob Dewitt, president; F. C. Ross, treasurer; R. R. Little, secretary. Its property consisted of the water rights on the original Slocum farm one and one-fourth miles from the village, from which point pump logs with one and a half inch bore constituted the mains and were extended only to what is known as the Hill district. After a long inactivity the outstanding stock was bought in at a nominal figure, and in 1870 F. C. Ross was chosen president, and mains of from eight to three inches diameter were laid through all of the #• LODGES AND ASSOCIATIONS OF TUNKHANNOCK— PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. -^U S33 principal streets, supplying a population of 2,000. The total expense incurred has been $20,000. Triton Hose Company. This company was organized November i6th, 1872, and December nth of that year the following officers were elected: President, D. Bidleman; secretary, A. E. Buck; treasurer, S. J. Stark; foreman, E. G. Sampson; ist assistant foreman, P. C. Burns; 2nd assistant foreman, A. M. Eastman. About this time the borough council bought 1,00.0 feet of leather hose and a carriage. The company during that winter erected at their own expense a neat and substantial building. January 20th, 1873, the company was incorporated and P. C. Burns, Hon. R. R. Little and Dr. G. E. Palen were elected trustees. C. J. Henry was then fire warden until 1875, and A. M. Eastman has been since. E. G. Sampson was foreman until 1873, then A. M. Eastman till 1875, J. R. Lott one year, and C. M. Kishpaugh since. During the first two years of the company's existence fires were frequent, service arduous, and discipline well maintained. Since that time little active duty has been required. Societies and Lodges. Temple Lodge, No. 248, F. and A. 7J/. was instituted in pursuance of a charter dated July ist, 1850, in the third story of the building now occupied by F. L. Sittzer, at the corner of Tioga and Turnpike streets. The following were the first officers: John V. Smith, W. M.; Alfred Hine, S. W.; Thomas Morley, J. W. The first degree conferred was that of a fellow craft mason, upon R. R. Little, December 16th, 1850. Meetings were held a few years in the room in which the lodge was organized; then in the third story of the building now occupied by Bogart, Degnan & Co., until the completion of the lodge hall, dedicated June gth, 1870. The lodge has a membership of 123. The officers for 1880 were: M. J. Lull, W. M.; Edward Harding, S. W.; H. Webster Bardwell, J. W.; Frank C. Bunnell, treasurer; James W. Piatt, secretary; Rev. J. H. Weston, chaplain; J. Dewitt Smith, S. D.; Wesley D. Crawford, J. D.; Ed- gar G. Sampson, S. M. of C; Daniel Wheelock, J. M. of C; James B. Harding, pursuivant; A. E. Buck, tiler; trustees, Draper Billings, Riley Sickler and E. Mortimer Phillips. The Tunkhannock Bt-ass Band was first organized in 1852, and December 24th of that year its constitution and by-laws were adopted and signed by 16 members. James B. Harding was the first president, and G. S. Tut- ton the first leader. In 1873 the organization was char- tered as " The Tunkhannock Silver Cornet Band." The present officers are: President, John A. Harding; vice- president, J. B. Welch; secretary, B. H. Shook; treasurer and leader, G. L. Hungerford. Tunkliannock Lodge, No. 699, /. C,o/ O. F. was insti- tuted February loth, 1870. The charter members num- bered 13. The first officers were: N. G., J. M. Kelly; V. G., R. C. Cook; secretary, M. H. Svvainbank; assistant secretary, James Higgs; treasurer, Joseph Shupp. The amount paid for relief is $1,129; available assets, $1,000. Four members have died. There are now 70 members on the rolls. Tunkhannock Lodge, No. 746, K. of H. was instituted September 14th, 1877, with ten charter members. The first officers were: P. D., W. E. Little; D., James W- Piatt; V. D., E. F. Palen; assistant D., W. W. Streeter; Rep., S. AV. Isenbach; F. R., C. A. Little; T., S. F. Ma- jor; guard, H. P. Carter; sentinel, P. C. Burns. The present membership is 38. Tunkhannock Lodge, No. 254, K. of P. was instituted June 3d, 1870, with rg charter members. The lodge meets Friday evenings in the Dewitt block, Tioga street. Other Organizations. — A division of Sons of Temper- ance was in operation some years, and a lodge of Good Templars was kept up until 1879. The Patriotic Sons of America also had an organization here. CHURCHES. PRESBYTERIAN. In 1823 Merrit Slocum, a young Presbyterian layman of Wilkes-Barre, removed to this place, and he labored in prayer meetings and Sunday-school. Subsequently the people were visited by Presbyterian missionaries, and in 1 83 1 they enjoyed the labors of Rev. George Printz for a few months. In 1833 Rev. James Todd labored here half the time as a missionary. In November a protracted meeting conducted by Revs. Cook, Heberton and Dor- rance added to the membership, and a Presbyterain church of 21 members was organized December 29th, 1833, by Rev. Isaac Todd and Rev. John Dorrance. Alpha Durham was appointed clerk". The church was under the Presbytery of Susquehanna. The original members were Alpha Durham, Jeremiah B. Dow, Chaun- cey Rockwell, Mrs. Rhoda Wright, Mrs. Elizabeth Mon- tanye, Mrs. Eunice Atwater, Mrs. Charity Bartholomew, Mrs. Harriet Buck, Mrs. Emmons and Miss Hannah Townsend, admitted on certificate, and Stephen Corby, John Phelps, Mrs. Affa Marcy, Mrs. Elizabeth Corby, Mrs. Sally Adams, Miss Eunice Marcy, Miss Susanna Marcy, Miss Laura Barnum, Miss Katharine Lucretia Adams, Miss Harriet Emmons and Miss Louisa Marvin, on examination. A constitution was adopted in May, 1834, and on the 27th of December following the church was incorporated. It was for some time under the care of the Wilkes-Barre Presbytery. Among its early ministers were George Printz, Isaac Todd, John Dorrance, James L. Cole, M. Howell, B. Wall and Orrin Brown. Since 1845 the min- isters have been: Rev. Messrs. John W. Stirling, to 1849; Cornelius R. Lane and Augustus T. Dobson, from 1849 to 187 1 ; and from the latter date to 1880, Rev. G. T. Keller, who closed his pastorate and removed to South Bend, Ind. , , The first ruling elders were John M. Burtis and, John Phelps; afterward Robert Clayton, Obadiah Mills, John H. Bogart, George Leighton and Stevens Dana held the =K^ ^h 534 HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. office. The members of the present session are Dr. C. H. Dana, 0. S. Mills, B. W. Lewis and Dr. F. D. Brewster. Ira Avery was the first deacon; his successors have been George Leighton, Abram Hass, J. W. Doolittle, J. G. Leighton, C. O. Dorsheimer and Cyrus D. Carms. In 1834 the church erected a frame building, costing about $2,000. Several terms of the county court were held in this church before the erection of the county buildings. The corner stone of the new church was laid on the 4th of July, 1867, and the building dedicated in the following year. It cost about $10,000. The church owes much of its prosperity to Rev. C. R. Lane, who served it faithfully nearly twenty years. The first Sunday-school of which we have any record was organized April 19th, 1840. Ira Avery was superin- tendent and Edward Baldwin librarian. Among the teachers were Irene S. Benson, Frederick Hepburn, Jane E. Ross, Emily C. Baldwin, Michael Meylert and Edward Buck. Addison E. Buck was soon elected librarian, and he has served ever since. The school has over 100 mem- bers. B. W. Lewis is the acting superintendent. TUNKHANNOCK M. E. CHURCH. The M. E. church at Tunkhannock was set off from the old Springville circuit at the session of the Oneida conference held in 1843, and organized as a station Oc- tober loth of that year, Rev. H. E'. Rowe being the -first preacher in charge; Washington Stansbury, Peter Sharps and William H. Jenkins, class leaders, and William Shaw, Peter Sharps, P. M. Osterhout, Henry Stark and Nicholas Stevens stewards. The first quarterly conference was held November 2Sth, 1843. C. E. Taylor was pastor in 1844, succeeded by P. S. Worden. The preaching places were Tunkhannock, Mount Vernon and the Shaw, Stark and Jenkins neigh- borhoods. The pews were first rented under the pastorate of Mr. Worden. In 1845 L. S. Bennett took charge; 1847, John Mulkey; 1849, H. Brownscombe; 185 1, D. C. Olmstead, at which time the Wyoming Conference was formed. J. F. Wilbur, pastor in 1852 and 1853, re- ported 93 members and 45 probationers. L. D. Tay- lor succeeded Mr. Wilbur in 1854, and under his charge a revival increased the membership to 100 and pro- bationers to 80. F. S. Chubbuck, Charles Perkins, Ira D. Warren, B. B. Emory and A. H. Schoon- maker filled the pastorate up to 1862, when a re- vival added 53 to the list of probationers. Rev. Luther Peck was the next pastor and Rev. J. L. Legg became pastor in 1866; he reported a revi- val increasing the total membership to 168. Rev. S. F. Brown became pastor in 1868, followed by H. R. Clarke, D. D., who resigned during the year and was followed by Rev. J. L. Race, and he by J. R. Peck in 1874, S. W. Weiss, 1876; George Comfort, 1878; G. Murray Colville, 1879. Under the pastorate of Mr. Colville a revival in 1880 added 60 members and greatly increased the effi- ciency of the church. 4- The corner stone of the present church edifice was laid by Presiding Elder Olmstead October 20th, i868, and the building was dedicated by Bishop Ames April loth, 1869. The cost was $12,500 and the indebtedness $3,200, which was raised on the day of dedication. The building is in the Gothic style, and occupies a sightly and convenient location. During Mr. Colville's pastorate a floating debt of $300 has been raised, and a handsome parsonage costing $1,400 erected and paid for. He was born in Edin- burgh, Scotland, studied in h}s native city, and graduated at Wyoming Seminary. He has had charge of three pulpits prior to coming to Tunkhannock, and is a suc- cessful pulpit orator and a practical worker. TUNKHANNOCK BAPTIST CHURCH. Elder David Jayne, who lived between Nicholson and Glenwood at an early day, is believed to have been the first Baptist preacher. Elder Sturdevant, of Black Walnut, preached often and baptized several persons, among them Sarah Marcy McCord Whitmore in 1800. Elder John Miller supplied this point for years, baptizing a number who joined a church at Waverly until the Sec- ond Church of Eaton was constituted, in 1823, when they became members there. Elders Dimraock, Worden, Fisk and Frear preached until 1841, when Elder Post, of Montrose, commenced a series of meetings in the village, in the old school-house near the creek, as a result of which eight were baptized. November 3d, 1841, a church was organized, with the following members: Edward Buck, Cyrus Avery and wife, Eliza Hickok, Emma and Nancy Harding, Mehitable and Rachel Garrison, Sarah Frear, Martha A. Brown, Margaret Bird, James Fitzgerald and wife, Wilson Shaw, Darius Tilson, Sabra Kelly, John Gardner and wife and daughters Malvina, Phoebe and Ruth, Mehitable Vosburg, Lydia A. Tripp, E.arl and Phoebe Cary, Elizabeth and Sarah Jenkins, George Ross and Sarah Braiton. The pulpit was first supplied by Elder Jonathan Mel- vin, followed by J. K. Hornish. John Duer, Levi Hamlin and Rev. William Frear supplied occasional vacancies- In January, 1867, Elder W. B. Grew held special meet- ings, when 49 were added by baptism and 17 by letter. In 1868 Rev. A. Judson Furman became pastor; Rev. James Rainey in 1871, and four years later Rev. S. F. Forgess. Since 1878 Revs. John H. Harris and John Ballantine have been the chief supplies of the pulpit. Edward Buck (deceased), Zenas E. White and A. F. Eastman have been deacons and E. Buck, Z. E. White, Henry A. Miller and John K. Slauson clerks. School-houses, the old foundry and the court-house were the meeting places until 1867, when the edifice formerly occupied by the Presbyterian church was purchased for $1,200, $200 of which sum was a legacy from Mrs. Whit- more, who also left a bequest for the Burman missions. She was an infan/ nine days old when her family fled from the Indians in the valley. The church now reports 73 members. "i'-Avcd-ty ,,h;,-Su' '■*''-' '' *\ 7°*- GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, TUNKHANNOCK TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH. MAJOR H. WEBSTER BARDWELL was born June 2nd, 1845, at the old Bardwell homestead in Tunkhannock township, Pa., and in early life re- ceived the educational advantages incident to country life. The breaking out of the Rebellion in 1861 found him a student at Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Pa., and though but sixteen his desire to enlist and take part in defending the old flag was so intense that, despite youth, a naturally weak constitution, the advice of friends, the refusal of officials and the opposition of parents, he con- tinued his endeavors; and at last, conquering all obstacles by the force of a strong will, he was duly enrolled in the spring of 1863 in the 30th Pennsylvania infantry. Im- mediately thereafter the regiment was ordered to the front and commenced active service. But the unac- customed trials and privations were too much for the boy. August of the same year found him upon the sick list. He did not recover sufficiently for duty during his term of enlistment and, being honorably discharged, re- turned again to Wyoming Seminary. Leaving there in 1865 Major Bardwell was given charge of the Warren and Franklin Railroad Company store at Irvington, Pa., the duties of which position he performed faithfully and honestly and to the entire satis- faction of his employers until the completion of the work, when he returned to Tunkhannock. On the 24th of December, 1866, he was married to Miss Gertie E. Jewett, daughter of Rodney Jewett, of Montrose, Pa., and the union has been blessed with a son and daughter. After marriage the major attempted to settle down upon land near the old homestead and become a farmer; but he abandoned this plan upon receiving an appointment as postmaster at Tunkhannock January 22nd, 1874, which position he still holds. In 1870 Major Bardwell was extremely active in rais- ing a company of National Guards, he holding a sub- ordinate position therein. The company was attached to the 9th regiment National Guards, Major General E. S. Osborne commanding. Soon after the formation of the regiment Major Bardwell was appointed adjutant. This position (one far from a sinecure) his love of military life, his " push" and thorough participation in the esprit de corps enabled him to so fill as to attract the attention of the commanding officer; and during the riots in the coal regions in 1866 he was appointed major, holding the position until the reorganization of the National Guards, in 1878, when the division was mustered out of service. As an evidence of the estimation in which Major Bard- well was held by those having the best means of knowing his soldierly qualifications we quote the following para- graph from a letter to hirn by Major General Osborne, conveying an honorable discharge: " I desire in this connection to extend to you my heartfelt thanks for the energy and ability with which you have discharged your duties since you have been a member of rrty staff, and to assure you that I fully ap- preciate your patriotic devotion to duty under trying and disagreeable circumstances. I can only express the hope that the law-abiding citizens of the commonwealth will not soon forget your service to them at Scranton in 1871, Susquehanna Depot in 1874 and Hazleton in 1875." We might quote other letters of a like tenor, but deem one such testimonial — in itself a host — sufficient. In political life Major Bardwell is a worker, hopeful, enthusiastic and pronounced in opinion. To the very core he is Republican — could not in any state of affairs be otherwise; he is seen prominently at every public gather- ing ; is a liberal giver to political efforts and does more work for the public for nothing than any other man in the community, and is always ready to shoulder the duties from which others shrink, and drive the matter in hand forward to success. Touched with bon vivantism. Major Bardwell enjoys the good things the gods epicurean give as life passes. As he personally enjoys, even so he wishes others to do. And this, we opine, is the chief fault of his mental organ- ization. His heart is too large and his hand too open for his own wellbeing. Yet if the proverb is true that " it is more blessed to give than receive," he must be accumulating a vast store in the hereafter and his reward will be infinitely greater than that of those who filch from honest poverty and make merchandise of the blood and bones of their fellows. HON. F. C. BUNNELI,. Hon. Frank C. Bunnell was born in Luzerne county, Pa., March 19th, 1842, on the Susquehanna river five miles above Tunkhannock, at a place called the Neck, or Horseshoe. His father, James Bunnell, was a farmer, and Frank was early taught the art of farming summers, going to school winters. At the age of sixteen he was sent to Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Pa., where he re- mained until the war of the Rebellion, when he enlisted in Company B S2nd Pennsylvania volunteers. He was promoted quartermaster's sergeant of the regiment in 1862, and served in that capacity during the campaign on the peninsula, under General McClellan. Losing his health he was discharged April 2nd, 1863, on surgeon's certificate of disability. In 1864 he engaged in the mercantile business at Rus- sell Hill, Pa.; afterward at Tunkhannock. In 1870 he 534-4 ^h 534-B HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. organized the banking house of F. C. Bunnell & Co., to which business he still gives his personal attention. He is also engaged in numerous enterprises — farming among the rest, in which he takes especial interest. He has been annually elected president of the Wyoming County Agricultural Society since its organization in 1875. He is emphatically an improvement man, and has contributed largely toward the beautifying and improvement of the borough in which he resides, as well as aiding in the pro- motion of the agricultural interest and stock breeding in his county. In politics he is a Republican. He was a delegate to the State convention that nominated General John W. Geary for governor; also when General John F. Hart- ranft was nominated for governor. He was elected to the forty-second Congress to serve out the unexpired term of Hon. Ulysses Mercur, who was elected judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in 1872, and was pre- sented by Wyoming county as her choice for Congress in the years 1872, 1874, 1876 and 1878 ; and was urged by his friends to accept the nomination in i88o, but his own personal interests and feelings compelled him to decline the honor. CHARLES H. DANA, M. D. . Charles" H. Dana, M. D., a native of Eaton, graduated at Jefferson Medical College in 185 1, practiced four years in Sullivan county, N. Y., then returned to Tunk- hannock, where he has since practiced, interrupted only by two years of army service as assistant and acting sur- geon. He has been United States examining surgeon for the past fourteen years. D. D. DEWITT. David D. Dewitt was born in Sussex county, N. J., December nth, 1819. He was married December i6th, 1 841, to Celestia Warren. Their children are William W., who was born March 30th, 1842, and died in infancy; Frank W., born March 14th, 1850, and Melissa, born August 2ist, 1853. The subject of this sketch was one of the founders of the Wyoming National Bank, and its cashier at the time of his death, February igth, 1880. JONATHAN JENKINS. Jonathan Jenkins is one of the most extensive and prosperous farmers in the county, owning a farm of six hundred acres. He was born in 1822. Mrs. Jenkins was Miss Eliza Lowman, of New York. They were married in 1856. HON. R. R. LITTLE. Hon. R. R. Little was born in Kortright, Delaware county, N. Y., March 13th, 1820. He commenced the study of law at Montrose, Pa., was admitted to the bar in September, 1842, and came to Tunkhannockin the spring of 1843. He was elected to the Legislature for the ses- sioris of 1848 and 1849. In April, 1857, he was appoint- ed judge-advocate of the naval court of inquiry, at Wash- ington. The business of this court was completed in a little less than a year, and he returned to Tunkhannock and followed the practice of his profession until 1874 when he was again elected a member of the Legislature' His wife was Harriet E. Avery, of Tunkhannock. HON. ZIBA LOTT. Hon. Ziba Lott, prothonotary and clerk of the courts formerly a farmer and lumberman, was born in what is now Mehoopany, July roth, 1818. He married Savannah Garvey, of Windham. He is serving the third three-year term of his present office, and has been a member of the Lej^islature one year and justice of the peace five years. He came to Tunkhannock in i860. SARAH OSTERHOUT. The history of Wyoming county would be strangely incomplete should it fail to make honorable mention of the aged and respected lady whose name stands at the head of this article and whose life, for nearly a century, has been so closely interwoven with its growth and de- velopment. David and Sarah Mitchell, the parents of Mrs. Osterhout, came to the Wyoming valley from War- wick, Orange county, N. Y., shortly after the massacre, and settled at Capoose, near Scranton. From thence they moved to Falling Spring, in the township of Pitts- ton, Luzerne county, where, August 15th, 1787, Sarah was born, and where her father died. Subsequently the widow married Abraham Frear, and in 1797 the family moved to Tunkhannock, and resided for a number of years in a log house adjacent to the " Slocum Spring," where the tannery of Lapham & Co. now stands; thence to Eaton, and finally settled upon the Frear homestead, on the hill. In 1807 Sarah was married to David Osterhout and in 1810 moved with her husband to La Grange (now in Wyoming county), where she has since resided. The fruits of the marriage were thirteen children, ten sons and three daughters, twelve of whom arrived at the years of inaturity. Of these Thomas, the eldest, has been sheriff of the county and a member of the Legislature; Peter M. postmaster of Tunkhannock, prothonotary and member of the Legislature and Senate, and otherwise en- joyed the respect and confidence of the public as described elsewhere in these pages; George has been associate judge; Jeremiah treasurer of the county and John P. judge of a district comprising several counties in Texas, and each and all have been men of mark, ability and property. Necessarily in this connection occurs a brief history of the Osterhout family, who emigrated from Holland and settled in Connecticut, moving from thence to Dutchess county, N. Y., and then to the Wyoming valley, at a time when the country was still suffering from a bloody war of extermination waged by the Indians; when life and property were more than uncertain, and men of resolution, mind and muscle were demanded, and none other dared to risk the perils and attempt to carve out a home and a future upon the spot where the camp fire of the red man might be relighted, the midnight air thrill with his savage battle cry, and the green earth again be- come sodden with innocent blood. It was no light un- dertaking, and proved the nerve and bearing of the settlers, and among them Peter Osterhout played an im- portant part. We find him as early as 1777 laying aside the implements of peaceful industry, taking up sword and musket, enrolled as a member of Captain Ransom's company (one of the two raised in Wyoming valley), and fighting bravely for the land of his adoption, his fireside, his loved ones and the old flag blazoned with its thirteen ^'/t^' ■■^^^ fPeter) was a brother of Jeremiah (the father of David), who came to Pennsylvania in 1778 in company with his brother Gideon, both settling upon the flat lands near the Susquehanna and now compassing the Jenkins and Osterhout farms at La Grange. The family residence (an engraving of which is else- where presented) is believed to be the first frame house ever erected upon the Susquehanna between Pittston and iioga Point, now Athens, and all available testimony *^ T^' (Qd/:^:^^^^^?^^ -///;.±".(-'5/(.-/; /!.'■.-'■« ,v.\^' /^ GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 534 C proves it so to be. It was built in 1797 by Jeremiah Osterhout, taking the place of the log structure. Subse- quently it was enlarged by Isaac Osterhout, into whose possession the property came, and was a well known and favorite hostelry for many years. Isaac Osterhout was a man of broad, comprehensive views and enterprise; was largely engaged in lumbering and general merchandise, and drew around him trade until his establishment be- came the business center of a large surrounding country. His wife was Susanna Smith, the daughter of William Hooker Smith, a noted and skillful physician of the period throughout the Wyoming and Lackawanna valleys, and a surgeon in the Revolutionary war; the United States, after his decease, granting his heirs the sum of $2,000 in recognition of his valuable services as such. To him were born two children — Hon. Isaac Smith Osterhout, of Wilkes-Barre, a man of rare business and financial insight and capacity, at one time an associate judge of Luzerne county; and Mary Ann, who was educated at the famous female seminary of Mrs. Willard at Troy, N. Y., where she was for several years an assistant teacher, and later became the honored wife of Job Olin, a prominent law- yer and judge and a relative of the celebrated divine, traveler and historian of the Holy Land, Dr. Stephen Olin. David Osterhout, the husband of Sarah, whose port- rait is given in this work, died in 1833, leaving to her care and direction twelve children, and how well she ac- complished her arduous task the history of their lives proves. He, the father, was a man universally held in esteem, strong and clear in mind, of more than ordinary physical powers, earnest in the establishment and sup- port of schools and a pioneer in all the good and useful enterprises of the then sparsely settled neighborhood, as his father had been in subduing the wilderness and mak- ing for his wife and little ones a home safe from Indian attack and to be forever free from the galling yoke of foreign tyranny. At his death all of the cares of busi- ness and the rearing of a large family devolved upon his widow, and, with all of the comforts and conveniences of the present wanting, we can scarcely overestimate or un- derstand the trials and the struggles she was forced to pass through. But in view of them, it is not to be won- dered at that her children and her children's children arise and call her blessed, watch her declining years with solicitous tenderness, and, although the sheaf has long been fully ripened and the head is weary with its nearly ' fifty years of widowhood and almost a century of life, will sorrow long and deeply at her departure from earth, and rear above her ashes a monument fitting to com- memorate her devotion to them and duties well and nobly accomplished. A remarkable woman is Mrs. Sarah Osterhout, especially when early privations, sorrows, trials, and the hard battles fought to feed and clothe so many little ones are taken into considera- tion. She yet retains her faculties in a surprising de- gree, is wonderfully sound in body and mind, bright of eye, firm of step, daily taking exercise put of doors; is cheerful in spirit, converses with clearness and precision, and in an animated and interesting manner, of the early days of the country, and shows but little the wear and strain of nearly a hundred years. She fully realizes that she is living upon "borrowed time;" that at any moment the silver cord, worn to extreme slenderness and brittle- ness, may be loosed — the golden bowl, weakened by years, be broken — and the most blessed of all words, "rest, good and faithful servant," be whispered into her willing ears. But truly " her ways are pleasantness and all her paths are peace;" and calmly and trustfully she watches the going down of the sun, firm in the belief that it will arise again upon a glorious and unending day, and to one who so long and faithfully and meekly has borne the cross the crown of roses shall be given. PETER MITCHELL OSTERHOUT is descended from the liberty-loving Mayflower stock upon the one side, and the sturdy ■ burghers of Holland upon the other, and was born in Eaton, Luzerne (now Wyoming) county. Pa., May 21st, 1810. During the fall of the same year his parents moved to the place now known as La Grange station, on the Lehigh Valley Rail- road, where he remained until his sixteenth year. Then he commenced his long, active and useful business life, as an employe of James Wright, at Tunkhannock. In 1828 he removed to Elmira, N. Y., and was a clerk in the establishment of John Arnot four years. In December, 1833, he returned to Tunkhannock, and in connection with George M. Hollenback, of Wilkes- Barre, opened a large mercantile establishment for the times, and continued in trade there until r845. In 1835 Mr. Osterhout was appointed justice of the peace by Governor Ritner, and he held the office to the satisfaction of the public until a change in the constitution made it elective. In 1841 he was appointed postmaster at Tunk- hannock under the Harrison administration, but upon the ascendancy of John Tyler was deposed, charged with having assisted in the circulation of the New York Tri- bune, and a Democrat was appointed in his place. In 1845 he was the candidate of the Whig party for the of- fice of prothonotary and clerk of the courts of Wyoming county, and was elected by a majority of two votes. In 1848 he was re-elected to the same important positions by an increased majority of twelve, and faithfully and for the best interest of the public served out his term. While engaged in the arduous duties of his official life Mr. Os- terhout commenced the study of law, under the instruc- tions of Hon. R. R. Little, and in 1852 was admitted to practice in the several courts of Wyoming county. Upon the dissolution of the old Whig party Mr. Oster- hout became a staunch Republican and was chosen as a delegate to the national convention that nominated John C. Fremont for the presidency. In i860 he was a dele- gate to the national convention at Chicago, assisted in the nomination of Abraham Lincoln, and took an energetic and important part in the canvass that resulted in his election. In 1864 Mr. Osterhout was elected a repre- sentative to the State Legislature, the district then being composed of Susquehanna and Wyoming counties, and his re-election the following year proved the estimation in which he was held and the confidence reposed in him bv his constituents. During all the exciting phases of the late war Mr. Osterhout took a strong and decided stand in favor of the Union and bent all his energies in that direction. He was appointed enrolling officer by Governor Curtin for the county of Wyoming for the first draft ordered by the government, and successfully and with credit to himself fulfilled its trying and delicate duties. In 1868 he was elected to the State Senate from the district composed of Bradford, Susquehanna and Wyom- ing counties, and served upon the committees of judici- ary and railroads. During his senatorship he was very active in carrying out necessary reforms in the law of evidence and gaining for parties accused the right to testify in their own behalf, the beneficial results of which will be a lasting tribute to his memory as a man, and his clear discrimination of right as a lawyer. Mr. Osterhout was a delegate to the national convention of 1872, and assisted in the nomination of U. S. Grant for re-election as President. Mr. Osterhout has been twice married — first in 1835, to k" =*^%* *^H= ^> =H', 534^ HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. Frances Slocum Carey, daughter of Eleazer Carey, of Wilkes-Barre, who died in 1839, childless ; and on March 4th, 1841, to Eunice Marcy, daughter of Colonel Abel Marcy, of Tunkhannock (and a descendant of one of the oldest settlers of the country), who died in 1878, leaving two daughters, Frances S., the wife of E. S. Handrick, and Sue L., wife of Beth L. Keeney, of Brooklyn, N. Y. The early education of Mr. Osterhout was necessarily limited by the want of proper conveniences in the then comparatively new country. Such knowledge as the im- perfect common schools could give was eagerly sought, and later he studied for a time at the academy at Mon- trose, Susquehanna county, under the instructions of Franklin Lusk. In person Mr. Osterhout is large, his mood jovial and his mind well stored, especially with historical events. He bears his seventy years well, for the hand of time has been unable to bow his stalwart frame or dim the working of his active mind. Though retired from his profession, living a life of plentiful ease and largely indulging his antiquarian tastes, he still mingles actively with his fellow man and bears his part on all public occasions, takes a warm interest in political and national affairs, and bids fair to vigorously survive many who now look up to and speak of him as " old." And when at last the stern summons of death shall come, the record he leaves behind will be an honorable one and of him it may well be written : " Of no distemper, of no blast he died ; He fell lilse autumn fruit that mellowed long:, Even wondered at because he dropt not sooner." Of such men were the pioneers of the country, who carved a nation out of a wilderness, and as long as the records of the early days of Wyoming county remain will be found prominent therein, as a guide and a shin- ing example, the name of Peter Mitchell Osterhout. STEPHEN H. SEACORD. Stephen H. Seacord was born in Bovina, Delaware county, N. Y., and married Emma, daughter of J. B. Sands, a native of Meredith, in the same county. He served as a member of the 144th New York volunteers in the war for the Union. He came to Wyoming county in 1875, kept the Sterling House, at Meshoppen, three years, and since 1878 has been keeping Wall's Hotel in Tunkhannock. SAMUEL STARK. The subject of this sketch was one of that family whose name is early found in the records of New Eng- land, and who occupied so prominent a place and par- ticipated so actively in the early events of our infant republic. From 1685 down through all the struggles of the Revolution and the terrible Wyoming massacre, the Starks are found defending with brain and blood the everlasting principles of liberty and truth. Of such an ancestry Samuel Stark was an honorable and honored descendant. Born at Cherry Valley, Otsego county, N. Y., on the 9th of June, 1810, he was one of a family of fourteen children. For seventeen years he remained there, spending his boyhood days as was characteristic of the frugality and simplicity of that early tijne. It was during those years, when the rearing of so large a family demanded the strictest economy and industry on the ])art of each of its members, that those habits were formed which signalized his whole life and crowned it with suc- cess. In January, 1827, this large family was called to endure the sad bereavement of a mother's loss; but though she was then taken from her children, there re- mained to them as their only heritage the advice and example of pure and noble womanhood. Thus equipped — with habits made industrious and frugal by necessity, with principles made honest and true by the influences of home — at the age of seventeen he bade adieu to his childish associates and associations, and struck out man- fully and bravely in life's great battle. In the fall of the same year he found his way to Tunkhannock, with only twenty shillings in money, but with a stock of energy and determination that knew no defeat and met no failure. He soon obtained a position in the store of his cousin (the late Henry Stark), but at wages hardly more than his board. For his honest and faithful dis- charge of duty in this subordinate position he was destined soon to be rewarded, and in 1833 ^^ '^^^ ad- mitted into partnership with his former employer. In 1837 Henry Stark, having been elected to the Legisla- ture, sold out his interest in the partnership to Samuel, who thus became sole proprietor of a large and grow- ing business, which he continued for nearly thirty years, and which was pursued during the whole time with a degree of industry and perseverance rarely equaled. The twenty shillings which he brought with him to the home of his adoption forty-seven years be- fore had not been "hid in a napkin"; the observance of the divine mandate had been rewarded, and he re- tired from the active and laborious duties of mercantile life. During all this busy life he had sought guid- ance for his feet and strength for his heart from Him of whom in early life he became a follower ; to Whose cause he was a liberal contributor, and in Whose saving grace he faithfully confided to the end of life. On the 29th of March, 1838, he married Lydia Marcy, a daughter of Colonel Abel Marcy. then in her twenty-first year. For over forty years did they pursue life's journey together, she doing all that the interest and sympathy of a loving wife and faithful mother could suggest to illumine and smooth his pathway ; and though he has " gone on before" she yet remains a joy and comfort to the five surviving children of that happy marriage. In the fall of 1840 he occupied the house he had erected for a home, and in that house he continued to live up to his death. This home was to him a haven from the trials of busi- ness for almost half a century — the home where he and his companion had together rejoiced as children came to them and together wept over their departure to the other shore, the home which had resounded to the merry chime of the marriage bell, and had been hushed in the sombre garb of mourning. Many and hallowed are the surroundings of the "old homestead!" Mr. Stark was one of the founders and principal stockholders of the Wyoming National Bank, which was organized in 1865 and of which he was the first cashier, which posi- tion he continued to occupy for twelve years. With his retirement from the bank in 1877 closed the active duties of his business life. The remainder of his days was passed in the calm retirement of a home made happy to him by the attention of a loving family, and the respect of an appreciative community. Then he trustingly awaited the call of that Master whom he had so long and faithfully served, to " come up higher." That call finally came ; and on the isth of December, 1879, at 5 o'clock in the morning, went out that life which industry and perseverence have characterized, which honor and truth had actuated, and which a pure Christianity had em- bellished and adorned. To deeply mourn a father's death there remain two sons and three daughters, Kate M., the ■ wife of John Day ; Abel M., Affa C, and S. Judson, all of whom now reside at Tunkhannock ; and Eleanor G., the wife of Stanley W. Little, who resides atTowanda, Pa., who faithfully cherish and honor his counsel and his memory. ^^ f- ■v' \ Cy/;>'^'. ^/^^^ JA^ a -(,y -s^'MTi' & Sorts J 3 3arday JtlTT Abram Ace was born in Delaware, Pa., in 1822, and married in 1847 Julia A., daughter of Jacob Dorshei- mer. Mr. Ace was a farmer and a mason by trade. He died in i866, leaving a widow and eight children. William Anderson is a native of Dallas, Pa. He was born in 1836, and married in 1861 Anna E., daughter of W. C. Miller. She died March 19th, 1870, leaving two children, and he married in 187 1 Rhoda Reeves, of Kings- ton, Luzerne county. Felix Ansart was born in New London, Conn., Jan- uary 28th, 1837, but has lived in this county since 1867. Mrs. Ansart was Miss H. Rowena Loomis, of Springville. Mr. Ansart was formerly a civil engineer. Since 1870 he has been engaged in the practice of law. He was elected district attorney of Wyoming county in 1871. Simon Armstrong, born in Falls, in 1826, was mar- ried in 1844 to Jemima W. Stanton, of Abington. They have four children. Two of Mr. Armstrong's sons were in the war for the Union. One, wounded and taken prisoner, died at Andersonville. Thomas R. Armstrong, born in Overfield, in 1846, married Salome, daughter of Charles Kirkhoff, of Falls, in 1869. They have four children. Mr. Armstrong is a justice of the peace and United States pension agent and attorney, and is the township clerk and treasurer of Tunk- hannock. E. F. Avery, dental surgeon, is a native of Falls. He studied with Dr. Smith, and married Mary Esther, daugh- ter of Gardner Harding, of Eaton. Hon. Ira Avery was born in Saratoga county, N. Y., in 1804; came to Tunkhannock in 181 9, and in 1830 mar- ried Philena, daughter of Oliver Gustin, of Waterloo, N. Y., and has one son. He was elected associate judge in 1856, and served five years; has been assistant revenue assessor for his district, aad forty years a deacon in the Presbyterian church. Daniel A. Bardwell was born in Wysock, Luzerne county, October 27th, 1799. He came to Tunkhannock in 1814; November 7th, 1819, married Susan Jones, and is now the oldest citizen of the borough whose life has been passed here since boyhood. Of his children Wil- liam L., his oldest son, is a produce dealer of this place. Catharine married Charles Marsh. He died and she is living with her parents. H. W. Bardwell, another son, is postmaster of Tunkhannock, and senior partner of the insurance firm of H. W. Bardwell & Co. He served as major during the war for the Union. Harmon W. is a resident of Washington, D. C. Maria married a Mr. Terwilliger, of Meshoppen, and Daniel J. married in 1863 Francis J., daughter of Elijah Jenkins; he has seven children, and resides on the old homestead in Tunkhan- nock. He is a supervisor and school director. Edgar Billings was born in Tunkhannock, in 1842, and married in 1872. He has one child. He has served his town as assessor, school director, and in other official capacities. ZiBA Billings was born in Tunkhannock. He was in trade at West Nicholson six years; afterward in the hotel business at Pierceville, Carbondale and Great Bend. In 1857 he was elected sheriff of this county. In 1872 he built the Packer house, and he has since been one of its proprietors. His daughter Ida Ella married William N. Reynolds, a native of Clinton, now a business partner of Mr. Billings. Draper Billings, a native of Tunkhannock, served in the United States army during the late war. He is a son of Daniel and great-grandson of Caleb Billings, who came to the Wyoming valley during the Revolutionary war. Richard Bolson was born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1819, and in 1849 married Sarah Lewis, of that county. He came to this place in 1854. Taking up a tract of wild land he made the first clearing and raised the first crops on what is now a well tilled farm. He has a family of five children. Stanley R. Brunges, a native of Eaton, was born in 1852, and married in 1874 Sarah, daughter of Elisha Jenkins. His father, Jacob M. Brunges, was born in North Moreland, in 1824, and in 1849 married Rebecca, daughter of Timothy Jayne, of Eaton. He was accident- ally killed by his son while shooting at a mark, July 4th, 1878. James Bunnell was born April loth, 1814, in Meshop- pen. He lived principally in Washington township until 1873, when he came to Tunkhannock. October 15th, 1837, he married Mary, daughter of George Harding, by whom he had four children — Savannah, born March sth, 1840; Frank C, March' 19th, 1842; Nelson, January 19th, 1846; Mary, October 25th, 1850 (died in infancy). Mrs. Bunnell was born January nth, 1817. Cyrus D. Camp, publisher of the Republican, was born in Camptown, Bradford county, Pa., May 17th, 1853, and married A. Marion Angle, of the same county. He came to Tunkhannock January ist, 1876. Henry Chase, M. D., was born in Abington, Luzerne (now Lackawanna) county. His mother was a Miss Cannon, of Tompkins, Delaware county, N. Y. Dr. Chase studied with Dr. Cannon at Mill City; graduated in March, 1869, at Michigan University, and married Mar- tha J. Grenville, of Ann Arbor, Mich. He has been in practice here since 1872. He has one child, Harris E., born July nth, 1872. George W. Cooke, a native of Monroe, was born October 3d, 1856. He studied law with Felix Ansart, and is filling the office of county surveyor. John Corish, born in Ireland, in 1822, was married in 185 1 to Catharine L., daughter of Robert F. Hight, of Tunkhannock. They have had and lost four children. Frankie died September gth, 1861; Anna, October ist,' 1863; R. B., October 3d, 1863, and Justin, October 17th, 1863. George W. Crawford was born in Sullivan county, N. Y., in 1833 His wife was Ellen, daughter of Jacob Myers. They were married in 1856. She died April ist, 1866, and Eliza Harding was married to Mr. Craw- ford in 1871. He has five children. Daniel Cruver was born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1816, and married in 1835 Clarissa A. Travis, of that county, who died November 27th, 1841, leaving two children. The present Mrs. Crawford was Catharine Ace,daughter of Peter Ace, of ,Monroe. She was married to Mr. C. in 1848. John Day was born in Montrose, Pa. He came to Tunkhannock in 1857, and with his brother Alvin pub- lished the North Branch Democrat until 1861, when he engaged in the coal and lumber trade. He married Kate M., daughter of Samuel Stark, and has three children. He has been a justice of the peace. 4 534^ HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. Alvin Day was born in Susquehanna county, March lOth, 1830, and came to Tunkhannock in 1857, where for eleven years he has edited and published the Wyoming Democrat. He has been postmaster, councilman, treas- urer and auditor. He married Miss Helen M. Jones, of Luzerne county. Morton A. Dewitt was born in 1853, and at the age of sixteen commenced teaching in the public schools. He was principal of Tunkhannock graded school one year. He is a teacher of wide experience and acknowl- edged activity. He is now a general agent in the employ of D. Appleton & Co., of New York. Hugh Dickson was born in 1803, and married in 1822 Jane Ann, daughter of George Sickler, of Ulster county, N. Y., who died in 1867. The present Mrs. Dickson was Matilda Loomis. Mr. Dickson is a son of Marshall Dickson, a Wyoming pioneer who served in the Revolution and in the war of 1812. Charles Dickson, farmer, was born in 1819. In 1838 he married Ruth, daughter of Joseph Earle. They have a family of nine children. Mr. Dickson spent twenty-two years in Illinois. Seven of his children re- main in the west. A. M. Eastman, boot "and shoemaker and dealer. Bridge street, is a native of Bradford county and married a Miss Cooper, of Nicholson. He is the present fire warden of Tunkhannock, and is one of the justices of the peace in the borough. John Flummerfelt, farmer, was born in Warren county, N. J., in 1834, and came to Tunkhannock in 1850 and in 1866 married Minnie Jenkins. They have two children. He has filled various positions of trust and honor. Hon. C. D. Gearhart, son of Dr. Harrison Gearhart, was born in Columbia county. Pa., in 1828. He mar- ried in 1853 Eveline Kelley and has seven children. In 1861 he was census marshal of the county.. In 1872 he was appointed associate judge to fill a vacancy, and at the expiration of the terra was elected for a five years' term, which expired in 1879. Isaac B. Graham was born in Woodstock, N. Y., in 1816 and came when a child to Eaton. He was married in 1842 to Isabel, daughter of George Miller. He has had six children, one of whom fell at David's Island, June 28th, 1863, fighting for the Union. George W. Gray is a son of Z. Gray, a native of Eng- land, who resided most of his life in Luzerne and Wyo- ming counties and died at Tunkhannock. Henry Harding, a son of Elisha Harding, jr., was born in Eaton township. He enlisted in the-U. S. navy at the age of sixteen, and served in the North Atlantic squadron. In June, 1865, he became one of the crew of the " Colorado," under Admiral Gouldsboro; served two years in Europe and the Mediterranean, and secured his discharge in 1868. November 6th, 1872, he married Mary, daughter of Joseph Ace. They have one child, Stanley, born April 26th, 1874. Mr. Harding read law and was admitted in 1874, since which time he has been a member of the law firm of Sittzer & Harding, who are the town attorneys. W. B. Harding, a native of Eaton township, was born in 1823. Mrs. Cynthia Vosburgh, daughter of John Ward, of Scranton, became his wife in January, i86r. They have one son. Mr. Harding is a lineal descendant of the pioneer family of that name. S. S. Hatfield, born in Lycoming county, Pa., has re- sided in Tunkhannock since 1868. He married Lena E. Stark, of that place. They have one child. Alfred Helmer was born in 1833, in Luzerne county. In 1853 he married Martha, daughter of Henry Seils. They have had four children. Mr. Helmer is a lumber- man, and owns a large steam mill at La Grange. F. B. Hight, a native of Tunkhannock, was born in 1831, and was married in i860 to Harriet, daughter of Cornelius Van Schoy, of Centre Moreland. They have five sons F. Lee Hollister, D. D. S., was born in Susquehanna county, Pa., and graduated from the Philadelphia College of Dental Surgery in the class of March, 1879, being one of the four graduates who divided equally the Dean's prize for the best specimen of gold filling in the mouth. He married a daughter of Judge Baker, of Susquehanna county. His ofiice is on 'Tioga street, over Hendrick's store. He established himself here in May, 1879. Hon. John Jackson, a son of Dr. Cyrus Jackson, was born in 181 1. He was elected sheriff of Wyoming county in 1848, and representative in the Assembly in 1876. He is a farmer and resides on the old family homestead of six hundred acres. Elisha Jenkins, born in 1821, was married to Mary, daughter of John Ward, in 1862. They have four chil- dren living. Mr. Jenkins lives on the place settled by his father, one of the pioneers of the town, whose mother was taken captive by the Indians at the Wyoming mas- sacre. Palmer Jenkins was born in Tunkhannock, Novem- ber 2nd, 1814, and married Jane, daughter of James Brown, of Eaton. They have an adopted daughter. Mr. Jenkins was for many years a farmer and lumberman, but in 1863 he retired from business and has since resid- ed in the borough, George L. Kennard, sheriff of Wyoming county, was born at Skinner's Eddy, Wyoming county, June nth, 1842, and married Mary F. La Barre, of Laceyville, Pa. He was formerly engaged in hotel keeping. He served in Company B 52nd Pennsylvania volunteers in the war for the Union. J. W. Kentner was born in Washington township, in 1857. In 1876 he married Rosanna, daughter of John Ace, of that township. They have one child. C. M. Kishpaugh was born in Tunkhannock. He served in the late war and was wounded at Farmersville. He has been borough constable and collector since 1875. He was married April nth, 1876, to Miss Ruth A. Morse, of Montrose, Pa. Charles M. Lee, elected county superintendent of common schools in 1875 and 1878, was born in South Eaton, January 29th, 1854, and came to Tunkhannock in 1875. His wife, formerly Eliza Smith, is the daugh- of Dr. J. V. Smith, an early settler. M. J. Lull, of Tunkhannock, is a Vermont man. He was born in 1850, and in 1872 married Emma Kishpaugh, of Tunkhannock. He has been in the employ of the <¥ •«*■ ■f GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 534 G 4^= P. and N. Y. Railroad Company since 1869 and is now a conductor. He was a soldier in 1865 with Company H 2nd N. Y. mounted rifles. James R. Mahok, the present register and recorder of Wyoming county, was elected to that position in 1875. He was born in Overfield, November 28th, 1845, and was educated at, the Mansfield State normal school and Meadville Theological Seminary. He followed teaching until his election to his present office. He has twelve brothers and sisters living, all grown up. Perry Marcy was born in Tunkhannock, in 1818, and was married in 1859 to Mary, daughter of Joseph Burgess, of North Branch. He had two children. His occupation was farming and railroading. He died June i2th, 186S. Porter Marcy was born in Tunkhannock, February 22nd, 1824, and in 1845 married Eliza, daughter of Abel Cassidy, of Susquehanna county, who survives him. His death occurred at his home May 31st, 1868. Mrs. S. a. Metcalf was born in Eaton, February 13th, 1824, and in 1848 married H. Metcalf, of Wilkes- Barre. Mr. Metcalf went into the army as captain and was promoted to the rank of major. He died in 1864. James J. Michael was born in Middle Smithfield, Pa., in 1849. He was married in 1873, and has three children. He is a farmer and school teacher, and is a class leader in the Prospect Hill M. E. Church. David Michael was born in Middle Smithfield, Pa., in 1843. He was married in 1875 and has three children. He is a trustee and steward of the Free Methodist church. Punderson A. Miller was born in Eaton, in 1822, and in 1850 married Nancy, daughter of Joseph Arm- strong, who died May 7th, 1878, leaving one daughter. Mr. Miller married his present wife, Mahala B., daughter of Harry Harding, of Exeter, October 31st, 1879. James R. Miller was born in Orange county, N. Y., in 1817. In 1840 he married Sarah, daughter of Daniel Cook. He has had eight children, but two of whom are now living. He has been justice of the peace five years and is a Good Templar and a trustee of East Lemon church. Newman Miller, a native of Livingston county, N.Y., was born in 1809 and came here when a child. He mar- ried in 1840 Pearline, daughter of Jabez Jenkins; she was the mother of nine children, and died November 19th, 1858. Mr. Miller married Mrs. Nancy Jenkins in 1861. C. P. Miller, president of the Wyoming National Bank, was born in Cayuga county, N. Y., in 1819. He was formerly a merchant. He married Celestia Karrick, of Candor, Tioga county, N. Y. O. S. Mills, dealer in hardware, was born in Glen- wood, Susquehanna county, Pa., in 1838. He married Miss Helen Dana, of Eaton township. John M. Mulholland, M. D., a native of Mercer county, graduated at the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical In- stitute in 1875, and came here as a partner of Dr. Wood- ward in 1877, before which date he practiced in Mechan- icsville, Pa. He is the surgeon of the Susquehanna Ec- lectic Medical Society. Danial Newman, who was born in Tunkhannock m 1804, married Maria, daughter of John , Ferguson, of North Moreland, in 1828. She died October 8th, 1873, leaving eight children. David Osterhout, deceased, was born in Connecti- cut, in 1783. He was married October 29th, 1807, to Sarah, daughter of David Mitchell, of Pittston, and raided a family of thirteen children. His widow has resided on the farm where she now lives since 1810. She was born in 1787. Hon. Thomas Osterhout, of the firm of Osterhout & Wheelock, merchants, was born in 1808; was elected the first sheriff of Wyoming county, in 1843; served as United States commissioner in i^6r,and was elected rep- resentative to the Legislature from the county during that y>.'ar. He married in 1835 Mary, daughter of Jabez Jen- kins, by whom he had eleven children. In 1863 he mar- ried his present wife, Almira C. Forman, of Nichols, N. Y. O. H. PoLLNER and sister are the proprietors of a pleasant summer resort on the banks of Lake Gary, ac- commodating about thirty guests, having a fine outlook over a beautiful sheet of water, and within convenient distance of a railway station. Hon. William M. Piatt, a native of Lycoming coun- ty, has resided in Wyoming county since 1843, He was elected State senator from this district in 1853, chosen speaker of the Senate in 1855, and re-elected to the Sen- ate by his district. He has been for many years a prom- inent member of the bar, with which he is still identified as the senior member of the firm of Piatt & Sons, and is one of the leaders of the Democratic party in the county. He was chosen by Governor Packer a member of his staff, with the rank of major. Benjamin H. Shook (tinsmith), elected a school di- rector during the present year, was born in Northampton county, in 1849. At Tunkhannock, October i8th, 1870, he was married to Mary D., daughter of W, W. Brown, of Wilkes-Barre. S. JuDSON Stark is a native and lifelong resident of Tunkhannock. He was born October 2nd, 1850, and married E. W. Kerney, of Braintrim township. Mr. Stark was formerly a member of the town counpi], William M. Stark was born in 1838, and married Emma J., daughter of Henry Harris, of Lemoij, in 1868. They have six children. Mr. Stark has serv9(} as treas- urer and clerk of the township. J. S. Swisher, junior member of an insurance firm with H. W. Bardwell and dealer in segars and tobacco in the post-ofifice building, was formerly agent of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, at Moosic, Pa. He mnrried a daughter of Thomas D. Stoner, of Tunkhannock. They have one child. Albert Townsend, burgess of Tunkhannock, was born in Falls township, April 8th, 1827, an4 October 5th, 1857, married Katie Sampson, of Tunkhannock, where he has lived since 1872. Mr. Townsend was em- ployed nine years as contractor for railroads building in South America. He has also been engaged in mercan- tile business. Seaman Vosburgh, deceased, was born September 13th, 1811, and died in 1858. December 12th, 1838, he married Mahala, daughter of John Comstock, of Falls, ^^^ ^>= 534^ HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. who was the mother of five children, only two of whom are now living. Thomas B. Wall, owner of Wall's Hotel, Tunkhan- nock, was born in Scranton, in 1818. He married in 184s Mary A., daughter of Minor Kelley. They have two children. W. D. Williams was born in Bradford county, and is a son of Senton Williams, once register and recorder of Wyoming county. He married a Miss Roberts, of Phil- adelphia. Mr. Williams is cashier of F. C. Bunnell & Co.'s bank, and the owner of Williams's photographic studio. Jacob Willsey, born in Eaton, in 1841, married Han- nah, daughter of John Shaffer, of Tunkhannock, in 1864. They have two children. Mr. Willsey is a farmer and lumber dealer. George Winans, architect and builder, has been en- gaged in that line at this place eighteen years. He was the designer and builder of the Packer House, the Met- calf residence, and the residences of S. S. Hatfield, A. B. Mott and Perry Billings and others. A. B. Woodward, eclectic physician and surgeon, was born June 6th, 1824, in Gibson, Susquehanna county. Pa., where he married Miss Laura Garden. She died and he married his present wife, Mrs. Julia E. Brundage. Dr. Woodward was professor of materia medica and thera- peutics in New York city; founder of the Susquehanna Medical Society, and has been president of the State Medical Society and vice-president of the National Med- ical Association. The following citizens of Tunkhannock also contribu- ted their support to this publication: J. H. Ackersen, Daniel Avery, S. D. Bacon, H. W. Bogart, Bashane, Bogert & Co., Mrs. B. R. Bedford, Paul Billings, N. Billings, Earl Carey, C. C. Dershimer, J. W. Dixon, J. M. Garman, E. S. Handrick, Conrad Koon, J. A. Lyman, T. A. Miller, M. J. Murthe, Jeremiah Osterhout, J. H. Price, S. H. Rau, V. Smith, H. D. Stark, O. W. Stanton, W. C. Stark. ¥ =^^ *X T^"' <^ ST. PETER'S CHURCH, TUNKHANNOCK— WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 535 ST. Peter's free church (episcopal) was incorporated April 21st, 1870, the incorporators being Dr. J. W. Smith, Felix Ansart, A. H. Phillips, Harvey Sickler, Henry Barham, Alisha Gray, H. N. Sher- man, E. S. Handricks, Oscar Mills, T. B. Wall, E. Biedle- man, James Young and W. B. Overfield. The society bought a lot and in April, 1880, was preparing to build. Services have been held at the court-house. WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. WASHINGTON township was taken from Braintrim and Tunkhannock, August gth, i8.-52. The first settlement was made in 1787, on the Carney flats, opposite and be- low the mouth of Mehoopany creek. John Carney, sen., and family in the spring of 1787 set tied on the lower end of the flats, about where Daniel Carney now lives. John Carney, jr., was then four years old. In 1799 Isaac Doll and family located on the farm now occupied by John M. Carney. Alban Rus- sell, from Connecticut, located in 1800 where his grand- son, Alban H. Russell, now lives. He took up a large tract, and - from him the village of Russell Hill was named. He brought and planted the seeds from which has grown the flouishing old apple orchard now standing on the farm. The pioneer grist and saw-mills were built in 1824, on the Meshoppen creek, at Keyserville, by Adam Wilson. In 1825 the first framed house was built, at Russell Hill, by Isaac Osterhout. The property is now owned by Mr. Prevoste. In 1825 Tilton Smith located at Russell Hill, on the old Osterhout farm. There was a saw mill at Vosburgh Station about 1824, near the mouth of Vosburgh creek; also a small grist-mill. They were both burned about 1840. The first road was the Tunkhannock and Tioga turnpike. It ran from Vosburgh, past Alban Russell's in a northwesterly direction, and the only bridge was the one across Carney creek, just below J, B. Maxwell's. The earliest school-house was built :about 1800, just above Carney flats, in the edge of the woods, between Daniel Carney's and Alban H. Russell's farms, and was burned in 1824. Dr. Elijah Carney was one of the first teachers. In 1825 there was a school- house down on the neck, between the Bramhall and Bun- nell farms, and one at Russell Hill, where Alban Russell's barn now stands. The oldest graveyard is the one on Carney flats, near Mr. Miller's. Adam Wilson, the pio- neer blacksmith, had a shop at Keyserville as early as 1825. The next blacksmith was Felix Wiggins, who lo- cated at Vosburgh Station in 1830. The first tavern was kept in 1825, by Isaac Osterhout, in the old Prevoste House, still standing a short distance east of the corners at Russell Hill. The old tavern building now standing .at Russell Hill was built in 1855, by L. D. Vosburgh. The pioneer shoemaker was Benjamin Crawford, who lived at the head waters of Vosburgh creek, a little below Russell Hill. The first store was built in 1840 at Russell Hill, on the site of Furman's store, and was kept by Wil- bur Russell and Solomon Slaus, or Sloss. It was burned in 1852. Soon after this a store was built at Keyserville and another at Vosburgh's. The dam across the Sus- quehanna a little below Carney Station was built in 1852 by the State as a feeder for the canal, and subsequently sold to the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company. The total vote of this township at the general election in the fall of 1879 was 107. The population in 1870 was 793, and in 1880 767. Villages. Russell Hill contains the store of G. W. Furman, the blacksmith shop of J. D. Arnts, the wagon and sleigh shop of W. H. Jayne, a school-house, two churches (Methodist Episcopal and Baptist) and a population of about 125. The first postmaster was Wilbur Russell, appointed in 1840, and the present one is G. W. Furman. Keyserville was named in honor of Michael Keyser, of Philadelphia, who purchased the mills and other property. The place was first settled by Adam Wilson in 1824, and at that time and for many years afterwards was known as " Witchhazel " from the fact of a large quantity of that shrub growing along the banks of the creek. There are at this place a Methodist church, a school-house, the saw-mill of Theodore Williams, a blacksmith shop, a grist-mill, a grangers' hall and a small grocery. The population is about 150. Vosburgh station became a post-office in 1870, with Isaac Vosburgh as postmaster. T. G. Harding is the present postmaster. At Carney a post-ofiice was established in 1871; sub- sequently abolished, and re-established in 1878, with Edward Adams as postmaster. He is also the railroad station agent and telegraph operator. Methodism. Methodism was one of the pioneer institutions of Washington township. The first class was formed in 1815 or 1816. Preaching services, however, had been held several years previous, down on " the neck " and at Carney flats. In 18 15 John Bunnell located on the neck, where Nelson Bunnell now lives. He was made a class leader in 1816, and the following were some of the members of his class: David Jayne and wife, Mary Bun- nell, wife of John Bunnell, Abram Vosburgh and wife, William Alden and wife, Jonathan Kellogg and wife and George Evans, who became a preacher. The leader of this class was converted under the preaching of Rev. Mr. Lane in the fall of 1815, at a camp meeting held on the neck. He died at the age of 82. ' The school-house at the neck is used also as a church. Preaching has been kept up here since 1790, and there is now a good working class. The first preaching at Russell Hill was in the old school-house where Alban H. Russell's barn now stands. Until 1855 that and private houses were used for the -ih Methodist meetings. The M. E. church al Russell Hill was built in 1855, of wood, 40 by 50 feet, and cost $1,400. It was dedicated in December, 1855, by Elder George Landon, assisted by Rev. F. S. Chubbuck, who was then the preacher in charge. The Methodist Episcopal church at Keyserville was built in 1853, and dedicated July 20th of that year, by Rev. David A. Shepherd. The Methodist preachers in Washington township from 1849 have been: 1849, 1850, John Mulkey and Francis Spencer; 1851, 1852, Erastus Smith and Luther Peck; 1853, E. F. Roberts; 1854, 1855, F. S. Chubbuck and J. K. Peck; 1856, 1857, Ira D. Warren; 1858, 1859, J. B. Newell; i860, E. W. Breckenridge; 1861, 1862, A. F. Harding and Stephen Elwell; 1863, Davison Wor- rell; 1864, 1865, Judsori L. Legg; 1866-68, E. F. Roberts; 1868-71, Luther Peck; 1871-74, J. H. Weston; 1874-77, Joshua Lewis; 1877-80, G. Greenfield; 1880, G. M. Chamberlain. WINDHAM TOWNSHIP. iHIS township was named after Windham county, Conn., the native place of some of the prominent early settlers. For many years after it was set off from Braintrim it included Mehoopany, Forkston and North Branch. Nearly all the land on the river was occupied be- fore 1800, but it was several years before perma- nent settlements were begun very far inland. The popu- lation had grown to 660 in 1870, and increased to 839 by 1880. The first permanent settlers were principally from Connecticut. Many of them left their families and effects in the Wyoining valley while they selected their lands, and then brought them up by boat. Job Whit- comb came from Connecticut with a large family of grown up sons, and settled at the lower end of Hemlock bottom (now Scottsville) as early as 1787. There he died March 24th, 1802, aged 77 years. His sons, Hiram, John S., Joel find Solomon located permanently near him. John S. early opened a tavern. He died on the homestead November 8th, 1832, aged 92. David Lake, also from Connecticut, located just above Whitcorab's about 1792. He had a large family. About 1815 he removed to Braintrim, where some of his descendants reside. Jonathan Stevens located on the present Fassett homestead at Scottsville as early as 1792; sold out to Josiah F'assett in 1795, ^^^ moved a mile farther up the river. About 1805 he moved to Bradford county, and was subsequently elected judge of the county. His brothers Asa and Simon Stevens located permanently on Hemlock bottom, the former about 1796 and the latter a few years later. Simon, who was a blacksmith, opened a shop at the upper end of Hemlock bottom, and for a time made most of the nails used for building in this vicinity. Josiah Fassett, whose descendants are numerous in the township, was born in Windham county. Conn., August loth, 1761. He was a teacher, and was an artilleryman during the Revolution. About 1788 he married Abigail Stevens, sister of Judge Jonathan and Asa Stevens, whose father, Asa Stevens, from Connec- ticut, settled in the Wyoming valley previous to her birth (which occurred March nth, 1771) and lost his life at the Wyoming massacre, his family returning to Connecticut. In the summer of 1795 Mr. Fassett, with his wife and three children, removed via Wilkes-Barre and the river to Scottsville, where he had bought 300 acres from Jonathan Stevens. For the first few years the family resided in a small log cabin near the bank of the river, when he built a double log house, which about 1803 he opened as a tavern (the first of its kind in the township) and was liberally patronized by raftsmen and boatmen for six or seven years. Mr. Fassett and his sons cleared a large portion of his farm and he be- came comparatively wealthy. From about 1810 he was justice of the peace until his death, August 20th, 1823. His wife survived him nearly 22 years. They reared four sons and four daughters — Jasper, John, Josiah, jr., James, Sally, Fanny, Hannah and Lucy. The sons all remained on the homestead, where John and James and the sons of Jasper and Josiah, jr., still live. Jasper Fassett was born in Connecticut, January 8th, 1790. He was many years a justice of the peace, and was prothonotary of Luzerne county at the time of his death, August 5th, 1840. Asa Budd lived several years from about 1795 J^^* ^^' low Passett's. He was a cooper. David Young located a short distance above Fassett's about 1798. The pioneers on North Flat were William Hooker Smith, Jacob Drake, jr., James Sturdevant, Luther Dean, Jedediah Coon and Jacob Gray, most of whom settled previous to 1800. Jacob Drake, jr., was followed about 1804 by Jesse Sturdevant, who remained upon the place until his death, in 1833. The farm is still in possession of his descendant". J;.mes Sturdevant settled on the farm now occupied by Mark Keeney, and is said to have built the first framed barn in the township previous to 1800. It is a solid oak frame boarded up and was origin- ally covered with shingles four or five feet long, fastened with wrought nails. James Sturdevant's sons Abijah, Noah and Azor were early residents of the township. The notorious Sturdevant counterfeiters were bom and reared on North Flat. Jonathan Whitney came from Connecticut in 1804 and subsequently settled on North Flat. He early built a saw-mill (said to be the first in the township) on Little Mehoopany creek, near Jenningsville. He died in 1836 and was succeeded by his son Walter. Tfie latter was born in Connecticut, in April, 1798, and married Louis- iana Edwards in 1823. He followed farming and lumber- ing most of his life, and died January i6th, 1864. His wife died August 4th, 1877. The old homestead is now owned by his son, Lorenzo Whitney. Seth L. Keeney, a son of Joshua Keeney, of Black Walnut, was born March 17th, 1798. He married Mary ^H= * 4^ <} PIONEERS OF WINDHAM— JENNINGSVII.LK. 537 Wall, of Abington, July 8th, i82i>, and immediately lo- cated on the James Sturdevant farm, on North Flat. He was extensively engaged in lumbering, farming and trad- ing. He held many local offices, and was instrumental in establishing a post-office at North Flat. He died June i2th, 1849. His widow lives on the old homestead with the son Mark Keeney. Hiram W. Keeney and Myron Sturdevant were the pioneers in the Golden Hill district in 1S44. Henry Champion, Ambrose Garey and his son Ambrose Garey, jr., located in Windham before 1800 and staid through life. Nathaniel Frost, and Asa, Rufus and Richard Graves were among the first settlers in the vi- cinity of Jenningsville; the latter located about 1810. Elisha Sharp, born in Otsego county, N. Y., January 2nd, 1805, was a son of Abijah Sharp, who lost his life in the war of 1812. He was married November 26th, 1826, to Mary Bixby, of Chenango county, N. Y., and in 1832 came to Windham. He bought a large timber tract and built a saw-mill on Little Mehoopany creek. From 1856 to i860 he lived at Tunkhannock, where he had a grist- mill. He died in Windham November 2Sth, 1870. He was justice of the peace for a time. His wife died De- cember loth, 1859. Rufus Easton, an early settler and extensive lumber- man in the southeastern part of the township, was born in Chenango county, N. Y., February 2nd, 1808; came to Windham in 1835, and died September loth, 1845. Silas F. Taylor, one of the first settlers at Jennings- ville, was born in New York State, May 4th, 1795; mar- ried Anna Fellhush December 31st, 1815; came to North Flat in 1826, and to Jenningsville in 1828, and was for many years engaged in lumbering. Late in life he moved to North Branch township, where he died March 17th, 1879. His widow is in her eightieth year. John A. Allen, still living at Jenningsville, is also an early settler. He was born in Otsego county, N. Y., Jan- uary 30th, 1818; came to North Flat in 1828, and to Jenningsville in the next spring. His wife is a daughter of Asa Stevens, of Hemlock bottom. They were mar- ried February 9th, 1840. He followed farming and lum- bering until i86t, then blacksmithing until 1875, when on account of failing eyesight he retired from active business Windham was covered with dense forests, chiefly of pine and hemlock, and lumbering was one of the princi- pal occupations of the earliest settlers. Jonathan Whit- ney built a saw-mill on Little Mehoopany creek at or near Jenningsville in 1804. Others were built by Willis De Wolf, Silas S. Taylor, Elisha Sharp, Rufus Easton, Wyatt R. Allen and several others. The principal mills now are the Jennitigs mill, at Jenningsville; the Fassett mill, at Scottsville; and the Sharp mill, two miles west of Jenningsville. The two former are steam mills. The first store was built and opened by Seth L. Kee- ney on North Flat, in December, 1835, and kept about six years. The old store building is still standing. From about 1853 Major John Fassett, with his sons, kept a store on his farm at Scottsville for several years. Hiram S. Graves kept a store in the southern part of the towtiship from 1857 to i860, and then at Jenningsville. The first post-office was, through the influence of Major John Fcisst'tt, established at Scottsville in 1826. It was named in honor of Judge David Scott, of Wilkes-Barre. Fassett was the first postmaster. The mail was carried from Tunkhannock to Towanda once a week on horser back by Roswell Smith, afterward sheriff of Bradford county. A post-office was established at North Flat about 1838. Seth L. Keeney was postmaster until the office was discontinued, about 1845. The Golden Hill post-office was established about that time. Hiram W. Keeney was the first postmaster. The post-office at Jen- ningsville was established about 1855, and George Allen appointed postmaster. The office was first kept in John Fisk's dwelling; he was deputy postmaster. Polly Stevens kept the first school in a log barn be- longing to David Youngs, on Hemlock bottom, in the summers of 1799 and 1800. The first school-house (log) was built about 180 r, near the site of the present one at Scottsville. The first teacher in it was Polly Youngs. The first school in the vicinity of Jenningsville was taught about 1827, by Mary A. Chappel, in a log house on the present farm of M. Graves. The following sum- mer a school-house was built at Jenningsville, and a school kept in it by Miss Parmy Fassett, followed in the winter by David Lake. There are now seven good school buildings in Windham, in which schools are regu- larly kept. The first passable road was opened from Hemlock bottom to Sugar Run in 1802 by Josiah Fassett, Joel Downing, David Youngs, Jonathan Stevens and Ebenezer Adams. On the i2th of June, 1858, Daniel Detrick and two children were drowned by a flood which swept away two dams on French's creek and their house, a mile or more from its mouth. Jenningsville has been the site of a saw-mill since its earliest settlement and quite an extensive lumbering point. Jonathan Whitney had a saw-mill here or near by in 1805. Willis De Wolf built another here as early as 1815. Silas S. Taylor built a saw-mill in 1828, now a part of the present steam mill, which he owned in company with Samuel Kingsbury. In 1832 he built one a short distance below, near the present tannery. The present saw-mill, after having been rebuilt two or three times, came into the possession of William N. and J. T. Jennings, who en- larged and remodeled it, and in 1871 added steam power, and have been doing a good business. The first_ settlers to remain here any length of time were Willis De Wolf, Silas S. Taylor, Samuel Kingsbury, one Partridge, John A. Allen and John A. Adams. The last came with his parents from Ohio to Forkston in 1816, and to Jenningsville about 1830, where he opened the first blacksmith shop and kept it till about 1870, when he removed to Bradford county, where he is still living. *^H= =^E *4^ 538 HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY.. Elijah Runnels, the first merchant here, began business about 1850, and Hiram S. Graves about i860. Graves opened the first hotel about 1868. The village has about 150 inhabitants, two general stores, the steam saw-mill and chop mill of Jennings & Brother, one wagon and two blacksmith shops and the .^crae tannery. This tannery was built in 1872 by Peter E. Palmer. In 1877 it came into the possession of George W. Childs, who has since operated it, making sole leather exclusively. He has made the establishment first class in all respects. The building is of wood, 3 and 2 stories,. 388 feet long and varying in width from 40 to 100 feet. It is operated by steam and has a capacity of 45,000 sides annually, giving constant employment to 35 men. M, E. Church of Jenningsvilk. — Among those instru- mental in the organization ^of a Methodist Episcopal class at Jenningsville were W. T. and W. E. Kethline, Charles and Alvah Fassett, Jonathan Fiskj Isaac Rosengrant and Jeffrey Hufford, It was a part of the Mehoopany church till 1869; then was independent until 1878, when it rejoined the Mehoopany church. Meetings have been kept up regularly in Jenningsville. The pastors from 1869 to 1878 were Revs. A. H. Sterling, 3 years; G. C. Lyman, 3; J. O. Beers, 2; J. F. Jones, i. Since. 1879 N. H. Davis, a resident local preacher, has supplied the pulpit. The membership is about 30. Meetings are held in the school-house. The Catholic Society of Windham has a church in the southwest corner of the township which was built about 1856. The society was organized about 1850 and now consists of 30 families, living in Wyoming, Bradford and Sullivan counties. m- Wj* Hh GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD, BRAINTRIM, FORKSTON, NORTH BRANCH AND WINDHAM TOWNSHIPS. f BRADLEY W. EDWARDS. Bradley W. Edwards, of the firm of Edwards & Bald- win, has been successfully engaged in a general mercantile business at Laceyville since 1866. He was born in La- ceyville, July 19th, 1843, and has been a lifelong resident of the place. He owns and manages a farm adjoining the village, and is largely interested in raising thorough- bred stock, making a specialty of Ayrshire and Jersey cattle, Cotswold sheep and Yorkshire swine, and being the first to introduce pure blooded specimens of these breeds in this section. He served during the late war in the quartermaster's department from the fall of 1864 till the close of the Rebellion MAJOR JOHN FASSETT. Major John Fasse'tt is the oldest living resident of Windham, and has been one of the most active, useful, influential and successful citizens of the township. He be- longs with the pioneers of the township, having come here with his father, Josiah Fassett, in 1795. He was born in Windham county, Conn., September i6th, 1794. From the time he was fifteen years old he had the charge of his father's business until the latler's death, when he came into possession of that portion of the homestead upon which the buildings were located, and upon which he has always resided, having erected his present residence in 1824. He was married February 12th, 1818, to Sally Haverly, a native of Schoharie county, N. Y., an intelli- gent, kind hearted and hospitable lady and a devout Chrisiian. Major Fassett has conducted successfully many branches of business, and has acquired an enviable ■ competence. He has served in many official capacities, acting as justice of the peace for twenty years, and was commissioned major of militia. B. E. WAKEMAN. Benjamin E. Wakeman, merchant and postmaster, La- ceyville, 'inly son of General Bradley Wakeman, was born in Connecticut, April 24th, 1828, and came with his pa- rents to Skinner's Eddy the same year, and to Laceyville in 1832, where he has been engaged in trade most of his life. He served as station agent at Laceyville for the Lehigh Valley Railroad ten years. Perry A. Adams, blacksmith at Jenningsville, is a native and lifelong resident of that place, born October i8th, 1837. He was married October 31st, i86t, to Margaret Bennett, of Meshoppen, who died September 29th, 1876. Silas O. Adams, son of John A. Adams, was born in Jenningsville, March 12th, 1846, and was married Octo- ber 25th, 1870, to Matilda Preston, of Forkston. He owns and occupies the homestead in Windham where his father settled in 1858. Damon Allen, blacksmiah at Jenningsville, son of John A. Allen, was born at Jenningsville, April 12th, 1844. From August 27th, 1864, he served through the civil war in Company A 207th Pa. volunteer infantry. He was married October 6th, 1866, to Mary Shumway, of Brad- ford county, and has one son. Milan Barney, proprietor of Table Rock House, Skinner's Eddy, was born June 26th, 1828, at Wilkes- Barre, Pa., where he served twenty-four years as foreman in the machine blacksmith shop of the Vulcan Iron Works. He was married September 19th, 1856, to Au- gusta Jenkins, of Wilkes-Barre, and located at Skinner's Eddy in the spring of 1877. Richard Brunges was born in North Moreland town- ship, October 4th, 1816, and was married November loth, 1842, to Eunice Wilson, a native of the same town. He was a farmer and lumberman. From 1857 he lived on North Flat, opposite Laceyville, until his death, October 22nd, 1867. He held several township offices. His widow manages the homestead farm. Austin P. Burgess, grandson of Colonel Joseph Bur- gess, is a native of Forkston, and was born January irth, 1827. His wife, whose maiden name was Adams, is a descendant of one of the first settlers of the township. Mr. Burgess has been a merchant for many years, and is now conducting the largest store in the township. He has served as justice of the peace two terms (10 years), and during the Rebellion hired a substitute for the army, paying $600. He has a farm a short distance from the village, which is conducted by his son. Joseph Burgess was born in Braintrim township, in 1800. He now resides in Lovelton, and has lived in North Branch for the past fifty years. He is a farmer by occupation. Mr. Burgess held the office of justice of the peace thirty years, and served three years as jury com- missioner. Frederick Earl Burgess was born in Forkston, in May, 1837, and early moved to Mehoopany with his parents, where he followed farming. He was married September 22nd, 1858, to Caroline E. Finney, of Me- hoopany. He enlisted August 25th, 1862, in Company K 143d Pennsylvania regiment; returned in June, 1864, on a furlough, and died June 6th, 1865, from disease con- tracted in the army. In 1868 Mrs. Burgess bought her present farm. Benjamin F. Butterfield was born in Lackawanna county, Pa., March 25th, 1849, and in 1869 commenced learning the tanners' trade. In 1874 he went to Sullivan county, N. Y., where he was married October nth, 1876, to Jennie Holmes. Since the spring of 1877 he has been foreman of the Acme tannery. Nicholas H. Davis was born in Carbondale, Pa , September 13th, 1841, where he was reared and educated. Most of his life has been spent in trade, principally as clerk. Upon reaching his majority he located at Wilkes- Barre,where he married Emma Wells, in November, 1865. In the fall of 1869 he removed to Mehoopany, united with the M. E. church and was subsequently licensed to preach. Since November, 1878, he has been pastor of the M. E. church of Jenningsville. He is also employed in the mercantile house of J. A. Kintner. Daniel Detrick was born in Bradford county, Jan- uary 31st, 1815, and was married in 1837 to Catharine McCormick. He followed blacksmithing until i848,when he moved to Wyoming county and was engaged in farm- ing until his death by drowning, June 12th, 1858. His widow lives at Skinner's Eddy. She was one of the suf- ferers from the flood which destroyed that village in 1865. Jerome Detrick, son of Daniel Detrick, was born in Bradford county. Pa., January 15th, 1845, and came to Wyoming county with his parents in 1848. He is a farmer, but now employed by the Lehigh Valley Rail- road Company. He enlisted August 7th, 1862, in Com- pany B 132nd Pennsylvania infantry, and served nine months. He again enlisted August isth, 1864, and served until the close of the war. He was married Sep- tember 13th, 1871, to Victoria Howard, _who died May 26th, 1872. Darius L. Doty, wagon- maker at Jenningsville, was 4 538^ >ik "f 538^ HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. '4=*= born in Herkimer county, N. Y., October 22nd, 1841. In his infancy he was adopted by William J. Knappen, of Mehoopany, whose name he assumed during his mi- nority. He served in Company B S2nd Pa. infantry from September 28th, i86i, to November 8th, 1864. He was married March 7th, 1866, to Abbie E. Knappen, of Me- hoopany, and located at Jenningsville in the spring of 1869. Oliver Easton, only son of Rufus Easton, is a life- long resident of Windham, born in Jenningsville Febru- ary tSth, 1840. He was married March i8th, 1862, to Mary Kintner, of Mehoopany, and immediately located on his present farm. He has served in official capacities. John B. Edwards, jeweler, surveyor and justice of the peace, was born at Skinner's Eddy. November 25th, 1829, and has been a resident and much of the time mer- chant of Laceyville since 1831. He is a man of business ability, and a prominent Republican, and has held seve- ral positions of trust and responsibility. He was for sev- eral years postmaster at Laceyville. Dr. R. H. Ely was born in Wilmot, Bradford county, Pa., January 8th, 1836. His early manhood was spent principally in teaching. In 1858 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Hecock, of Dushore, and graduated from the Pennsylvania Medical College, of Philadelphia, in the spring of 1861, since which time he has practiced his profession. He was for nearly a year in the United States service during the war of the Rebellion. He was married November 6th, i86i, to Emeline S. Birney, of Bradford county, Pa. He located at Laceyville in the spring of 1874. Charles Fassett, eldest son of Major John Fassett, has been a lifelong resident of Windham, born July 5th, 1819, and has always followed farming and lumbering. He was married August 24th, 1843, to Mary, daughter of Thaddeus Prentis, an early settler in Mehoopany. Soon after marriage Mr. Fassett located upon his present farm, having in the meantime carved out a fine home and im- proved a large farm from its original timbered and stony state. James G. Fassett, son of Jasper Fassett, Esq., was born in Windham, December 5th, 1831. A portion of his early life was spent in teaching, since which he has been engaged in farming, owning and occupying a portion of his father's homestead at Scottsville. He was married September i8th, 1862, to Sarah Learn, of Lackawanna county. She died November 6th, 1877, and February 4th, 1880, he married Miss Anna Learn, of Lackawanna county. He has often held positions of trust, and in 1869 was elected jury commissioner for Wyoming county. Jasper Fassett, farmer, third son of Jasper Fassett, Esq., has always lived on the old homestead, a part of which he now owns. He was born P'ebruary 20th, 1834, and was married February 28th, 1862, to Sophia A. Gay, of Windham. He has served in official capacities and was postmaster at Scottsville for five years from 1857. Elijah Fassett is a native of Forkston, and was born in 1814, His parents, who are now dead, were among the early settlers of the township. Mr. Fassett has been engaged in farming forty years, and is now resting from active labor, his son Crayton having taken the manage- ment of the farm. Mr. F. served one term (5 years) as justice of the peace. Rev. Davis D. Gray was born in Windham, May 2nd, 1808. His father, Jacob Gray, a tanner by trade, came from Worcester, Mass., to this section about 1794, and two or three years later married a daugjiter of Rev. Samuel Sturde?ant, of Black Walnut. Soon after mar- riage he settled on North Flat, and staid there until 1815, when he bought a farm and built a tannery immediately north of Laceyville. He was for many years the only tanner in that vicinity. In 1834, after educating himself, he entered the Christian ministry, and for the next fif- teen years he labored with great success in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Since the fall of 1849 he has held the pastorate of the old " Braintrim Church " (Baptist), a faithful and successful laborer, widely known and highly respected as a citizen and pastor. Mason D. Gregory, oldest son of Levi Gregory, was born in Susquehanna county. Pa., December 4th, 1826, and came to Braintrim with his parents in 1839. He married Britania Devine, of Susquehanna county, June i8th, 1863. He is a successful farmer, and occupies the old homestead of his father on Lacey street. W. Eugene Hughes, M. D., son of William M. Hughes, of Hazleton, was born in Columbia, Pa., December 28th, 1856, and was educated at the Hazleton high school and the State normal school of Bloomsburg, Pa. In August, 1875, he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. J. R. Casselberry, of Hazleton. In October, 1876, he en- tered the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, from which he graduated in March, 1878. After practicing a few months at Conyngham and Jenningsville he located at Laceyville in November, 1879. Andrew Y. Hunt, an old resident of Windham, now residing on North Flat, is a mason and a first class me- chanic. S. J. Huleirt, farmer, is a native of North Branch township, and was born in 1836. His parents were among the early settlers of the township. He was a mem- ber of 185th regiment N.Y. volunteers, and served about a year in the late war. He has held several township of- fices, and is at present justice of the peace. Chester Keeney, oldest son of Richard Keeney, was born in Braintrim, December loth, 1789, and remained a lifelong resident upon the original homestead; He was married November 27th, 1812, to Abigail Crawford, of Braintrim, born October 17th, 1791, and lost his life March 25th, 1858, by falling from the top of a tree in his door-yard. His wife died May 17th, 1880. The home- stead is now owned and occupied by his daughter, Matil- da M. Keeney, a lifelong resident upon the place. Dennis G. Keeney, farmer, oldest son of Richard T. Keeney, was born in Braintrim, July 19th, 1835. June 19th, 1862, he married Hannah C. Shove, of Windham, and soon located in Windham. In the spring of 1880 he returned to the old homestead on Lacey street. He en- listed in Company A 207th Pennsylvania infantry in August, 1864, and served with the regiment until dis- charged in June, 1868. Ephraim J. Keeney, son of Seth L. Keeney,was born in Windham, April 26th, 1827. In early manhood he was several years a general merchandise clerk. He was mar- ried August 23d, 1855, to Elizabeth Neigh, of Braintrim. From 1855 to 1861 he was in trade at Laceyville. In 1866 and 1869 he was elected prothonotary of Wyoming county. In 1873 be located on his present farm. He has held several township offices and was census enum- erator for Windham in 1880. Henry F. Keeney was born in Skinner's Eddy, May 23d, i8i6, and reared in Tuscarora, Bradford county. In 1838 he engaged in trade at Skinner's Eddy. He was married November 24th, 1841, to Maria A., daughter of Ebenezer Lacey and a native of Braintrim, born Decem- ber 31st, 1823. In 1843' ^Ir. Keeney removed to Tus- carora, where he rented a saw-mill and engaged in lum- bering and farming. He died March 27th, 1874. Soon after his death Mrs. Keeney removed to Laceyville, where she still lives. Mark Keeney, oldest son of Seth L. Keeney, has <^ =*4 GENEALOGICAL AND PERSONAL RECORD. 538 C always lived on, and now owns, the old homesead where he was born August 8th, 1825. He was formerly quite extensively engaged in lumbering, selling in southern cities. He was married December 24th, 1855, to Amanda Tewksbury, of Susquehanna county. She died Novem- ber loth, 1863, and May nth, 1865, he married Augusta S. Camp, of Litchfield county, Conn. He has acquired a large landed estate in Windham. Martin V. Keeney, farmer, oldest son of Ezra Kee- ney, was born in Braintrim, June 12th, 1839, and still re- sides on the old homestead. He served nine months during the Rebellion in Company B 171st Pennsylvania infantry, and was discharged August 8th, 1863. The following year he joined a construction corps and was again in the United States service a few months in Geor- gia and Tennessee. July 22nd, 1871, he married Aman- da M. Newton, of Susquehanna county. Pa. She dying, he married Lucinda M. Blocher, of Bradford county, Pa., March isth, 1877. Simon Z. Keeney, son of Joshua Keeney, was born at Black Walnut, June 6th, 1804, and has always lived on the homestead of his father. He married (November ist, 1827) Louisa Robinson, of Bradford county, born July 12th, 1805. He is the oldest native born resident of Braintrim. He has been a member of the M. E. church of Skinner's Eddy since its organization, and has served in many official capacities. His wife is still living and they are the oldest married couple in the township. They have reared a family of eight children. MORDICA Krewson is a native of Pennsylvania, and was born in 1805. He came to Wyoming county in 1859. He formerly was a carpenter, but is now living retired on his farm near Forkston village. Isaac J. La Barre was born in Monroe county, Pa., June iSth, 1805, and was married July nth, 1830, to Mary A. Everett, a native of Montague, N. J., born Feb- ruary 26th, 1807. He was a tanner and currier by trade. In 1837 he located at Laceyville and engaged in the tan- nery business until 1848, when he opened a hotel — the first at Laceyville — which he managed until his death, May 4th, 1862. His wife and daughter, Jennie La Barre, are still residents of Laceyville and are engaged in the millinery business. Canfield I. Lacey, son of Ebenezer Lacey, is a na- tive and lifelong resident of Braintrim, born August 28th, 1828, and married December 12th, 1854, to Elizabeth Norton, of Mifflin county, Pa. He sold goods eight years at Laceyville; was contractor on public works tive years; erected and operated the foundry at Laceyville, and in 1869 built the present steam grist-mill at that place in company with David Goodale. He has served as justice of the peace five years and was the census enumerator for Braintrim in 1880. Henry J. Lacey, farmer, son of Isaac Lacey and the youngest of eleven children, was born in Braintrim, April 23d, i8o6, and was married June 18th, 1829, to Polly Sturdevant, of Windham. With his own hands he has cleared and improved 100 acres of heavily timbered land. In 1873 he moved to Laceyville and retired from active business. He has served as justice of the peace and held other township offices. William B. Lacey, son of Daniel P. Lacey, was born in Braintrim, October 25th, 1823, and was married July 7th, 1847, to Lydia E. Hall, a native of New York State. He is by occupation a farmer and has always resided on the old homestead on Lacey street. Dewitt C. La France was born at Skinner's Eddy, January 22nd, 1840, and in 1855 removed with his parents to Laceyville, where he is engaged in the butch- er's business and farming. He served a few months in the war of the Rebellion. His father, Lott La France, a native of Wyoming valley, came- to Braintrim in 1830 and remained until his death, in 1874. Charles F. Lake, son of Henry Lake, was born in Braintrim, June 4th, 1836. In early life he worked at the carpenter's trade for a few years, after which he was employed upon the construction of various public works until 1869, since which he has been in the employof the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company. He married Miranda, daughter of Levi Gregory, of Braintrim, and in 1861 lo- cated at Laceyville. He has served in several official capacities and was the nominee of the Republican party for register and recorder of Wyoming county in 1875. John V. Lee, barber, Laceyville, is a native of Mary- land, born in 1832. In 1847 he went to Harrisburg, where he learned and worked at his trade until 1852. After plying his vocation in various cities in the south and west, he located at Laceyville in 1874. He was married in 1857 to Helen M. Smith, of Lewistown, Pa., who died in Colorado in 1866, leaving three children. He was again married in 1874, to Emma Rockwell, of West Virginia. Grii'fin Lott was born in Forkston township (then Windham), in 1824. He served as postmaster sixteen or seventeen years, but has been for many years engaged in milling.' He now runs the grist-mill at Forkston, which grinds from 15,000 to 18,000 bushels of grain annually. Lorenzo W. Myers, by occupation a shoemaker and carpenter and joiner, was born in Susquehanna county. Pa., March 28th, 1834, and removed with his parents to Bradford county in 1839, thence to Windham in 1844. He was married January ist, 1855, to Ruth Trowbridge, a native of Wilkes-Barre. Since i860 he has lived at Jenriingsville. His father, born in Susquehanna county, in 1788, was a soldier in the war of 1812, and a resident of Windham from 1844 until his death, January 26th, 1874. Albert G., second son of Moses Overfield, was born in Meshoppen, June 3d, 1838, and married (September nth, 1861) Helen, daughter of Simon Z. Keeney, of Braintrim. In 1864 he purchased and located on his present farm at Black Walnut. He is a farmer and a member of the M. E. church at Skinner's Eddy, and a licensed preacher of that denomination. John B. Park, farmer, was born in Forkston, Jan- uary 29th, 1825, and was married in January, 1845, to Fanny Scouten, a native of the same town. From 1850 he lived in Wilmot, Bradford county, until 1863, when he located on his present farm. His father. Captain Russell Park, from Connecticut, was a prominent early settler in Forkston, locating in 1817. He was many years deacon of the Baptist church of that town and died in North Branch, September 12th, 1864. Abel Platt was born in Bradford county. Pa., August 8th, 1815, and was married September 4th, 1836, to Lucy A. Segear, of the same county. He farmed in Bradford county until about 1850, when he located at Laceyville and engaged in the tin and hardware trade, which he still continues, having associated his son Lafayette with him in the business in 1872. Cortes B. Pickett, wheelwright, was born in Susque- hanna county, Pa., December nth, 1839, and came to Laceyville, where he resides, with his parents in 1850. He married (October ist, 1862,) Mary J. Edinger, of Bradford county. He built the first wagon shop in Laceyville, in 1870. He spent nearly a year in the Union service during the war of the Rebellion, being connected most of the time with a construction corps. John S. Pulis, proprietor of the Tuscarora iron works, was born in Wayne county, Pa., July 13th, 1826. <^ *ih ='=t 538 -O HISTORY OF WYOMING COUNTY. He has mastered several trades and has always followed mechanical pursuits. He was proprietor of a foundry and machine shop for several years at Honesdale, Pa., and from 1865 to 1870 was employed in building loco- motives for the Dickson Manufacturing Company at Scranton. In 1870 he located at Skinner's Eddy, and in 1874 erected his present foundry and machine shop. He is now serving his second term as justice of the peace. He was married December 20th, 1848, to Amanda L. Bryant, of Wayne county. Joseph Ross Rahm, farmer.came from Bradford county. Pa., about 1862. He was born in Columbia county. Pa., in 1842. He has spent much time on public works, as foreman and in other capacities. He was married in December, 1868, to Emma D. James, daughter of the late Dr. James, of Laceyville. George Robinson was born in Forkston, in 1834. He was a farmer until the breaking out of the late war, when he enlisted in the 203d Pa. volunteers, and was killed at the battle of Fort Fisher. His wife, whose maiden name was Jane Farr, carries on the farm near Forkston village. Orren B. Sharp, farmer, lumberman and saw-mill proprietor, oldest son of Elisha Sharp, was born in Bain- bridge, Chenango county, N. Y., January 14th, 1831, and came with his parents to Windham in 1832, where he has since resided, now owning and occupying the old homestead. He was married January 19th, 1854, to Diantha M. Farr, of Windham, and has two sons and two daughters. He has been justice of the peace since 1875- Davenport Shoemaker was born in Windham, Octo- ber 2Sth, 1841. His ancestors were among the early settlers of the town. He was married July 4th, 1866, to Susan Harris, of the same town. He was engaged in farming until the spring of 1876, when he located at Jen- ningsville, where he has since been engaged in the carpen- ter and joiner business. George W. Smith was born in Tuscarora, Bradford county. Pa., January 30th, 1855, and came to Laceyville in 1872, serving as dry goods clerk for six years. In January, 1878, he embarked and continued in trade. He married, February 22nd, 1880, Louise, daughter of Dr. R. H. Ely, of Laceyville. Politically he is a Republican, and he is the present poormaster of Braintrim. John G. Spaulding was born in Forkston, November 9th, 1820. His father, John Spaulding, was born in Ver- mont, in 1789, came to Furkston in 1813, and settled on the farm now occupied by his son. He has been totally blind since 1830. John G. was married to Elizabeth E. Bingers, July 4th, 1844. He is a farmer and dealer in real estate. He owns seven farms in Wyoming county, several houses and lots in Forkston village, and four farms in Bradford county. He has served ten years as justice of the peace, nine years as county auditor, and has held various other township ofifices. He has served as admin- istrator and executor in settling about twenty estates. He generally votes the Democratic ticket. Herbert E. Sturdevant was born at Skinner's Eddy in 1829. His early manhood was spent in clerk- ing, after which he was engaged in trade at Wilkes-Barre, Pa. About 1859 he returned to Skinner's Eddy, and was engaged in the lumbering until 1869, since which time he has served as station agent for the Lehigh Valley Railroad at Skinner's Eddy. He was married in Novem- ber, 1857, to Mary A. McVeigh, of Philadelphia. Mrs. Abi Thayer, whose maiden name was Conger, was born in New Jersey, in 1816, and came to Lacey- ville in 1835. The following year she njarried Henry Thayer, by occupation a shoemaker and farmer, who died November 23d, 1876. Mrs. Thayer has long been a member of the Baptist church. Henry Taylor, son of Silas S. Taylor, farmer, a na- tive and lifelong resident of Jenningsville, was born Au- gust 24th, 1833. He was formerly engaged in lumber- ing. He married Abigail Inman, of Windham, Septem- ber 20th, 1851, soon after which he located on his present farm. He has two sons and four daugh- ters. Philip Thomas was born in Baden, Germany, November 13th, 1827, and was a commissioned of- ficer in the German array during the rebellion of 1848-9. In December, 1849, he came to America, first locating in Charleston, S. C, where he engaged in tanning. In 1854 he removed to Orange county, N. Y.; thence to Skinner's Eddy, Pa., in 1857, where he subsequently built and op- erated a tannery imtil it was burned, in November, 1879. Mr. Thomas has served in official capacities almost con- stantly since locating in Wyoming county. He was elect- ted county commissioner in 1876. Cyrus Thompson, an old and respected citizen of Wind- ham, was born in Chenango county, N. Y., September loth, 1806, and was married to Dolly Shepardson, of the same county, September i8th, 1828. Since 1830 he has lived in Wyoming and Bradford counties. Pa., and since 1853 in Windham. His principal occupation has been manufacturing lumber and shingles. He is now engaged in the bee business. Daniel L. Thompson, principal of the Laceyville school since 1878, was born in Bradford county, Pa., February 17th, 1839, and was educated at Kingston sem- inary. Formerly he was a teacher. He has been in trade in various places for eighteen years. He located at Laceyville in 1878, and married Mary E. Cortright, of Meshoppen, February i8th, 1880. John Vandervort, machinist, is a native of Schoharie county, N. Y., born January 6th, 1832, and came with his parents to Tuscarora, Bradford county, in 1840. In 1854 he went to Illinois, where he was farming and worked at his trade fifteen years. Afterwards he operated extensive iron works at Binghamton, N. Y., until 1874, when he set- tled at Laceyville and built a planing-mill which he and his son still operate, manufacturing bee keepers' supplies almost exclusively. He is extensively engaged in the bee and honey business and is widely known throughout Penn- sylvania and New York as a scientific and successful bee- keeper. He is the inventor of several improvements in machinery connected with the business. Truman B. Vosburg was born in Washington, Wyom- ing county. Pa., June 29th, 1843, and married Jen- nie Gay, of Meshoppen, in July, 1864. He was a farmer until 1866 and has since been engaged in trade at Russell Hill two years and at Skinner's Eddy since 1868. He has been postmaster at the latter place since 1869. He has held many town offices and was elected county treasurer in 1875. George W. Walters, blacksmith, was born in Indiana county. Pa., November 22nd, 1855, and in his childhood removed with his parents to Walterstown, Blair county, Pa. In T873 he went to Wilkes-Barre, where he learned the blacksmith's trade, and after working in Plymouth and Falls located at Laceyville in 1879. He was mar- ried August 23d, 1877, to Blandena Miller, a native of New York State. Lorenzo Whitney, youngest son of Walter Whitney, was born on his present farm, February 3d, 1844. In youth he was a teacher. He was married April i3tb, 1870, to Jeannette Davenport, of Plymouth, Luzerne county. He has often served in official capacities, hav- ing been county auditor of Wyoming county. *f--= ^H= =nI APPENDIX The following items were received too late to print in the proper connection. LUZERNE COUNTY. THE WYOMING MONUMENT. A meeting was convened at the house of James Scovel, in Exeter township, on the 25th of November, 1809, to adopt measures for erecting a monument to the memory of those who perished in the battle and massacre of Wyoming on the 3d of July, 1778. A committee was appointed for each township in the county to collect funds. In about two months only $300 was collected, and here ended the matter for upwards of twenty-two years. In June, 1832, the bones of the victims of the battle and massacre were discovered in one common grave, on the farm of Fisher Gay. On the 3d of July following a meeting was held on the monument ground, and among the resolutions adopted was one thanking Fisher Gay " for his liberality in bestowing the ground necessary for the erection of a monument, and for his attention to the meeting." July 3d, 1833, the corner stone of the monument was laid by Elisha Blackman, a veteran, who was in the battle. A box was deposited in the stone by Samuel Carey, another survivor of the engagement. It contained a history of the early settle- ment of the valley, an account of the battle, a list of the names of those who fell in the engagement, a dopy of the official report of the battle by Col. Z. Butler, a copy of the address delivered at the laying of the corner-stone, by Chester Butler; the muster roll of a company commanded by Captain Samuel Ransom, made out September 17th, 1777; copies of the addresses delivered by the Rev. Mr. May and the Rev. Mr. Mur- ray at a former meeting, a piece of each denomination of United States coin, a copy of President Jackson's proclamation to the people of the United States in reference to the hostile attitude of South Carolina towards the Federal government, and a copy of each new^spaper then published in the county. The bones of the slain were deposited in the ground, and prayer offered by Rev. John Dorrance. In 1839, 1841 and afterwards the General Assembly of Connecticut refused an appro- priation of $3,000 to complete the monument. In 1841 patriotic ladies of Luzerne formed a society called the Luzerne Monumental Association. Mrs. C. Butler was made president, Mrs. Hollenback and Mrs. Carey vice- presidents, Mrs. Harrison Wright treasurer and Mrs. R. D. Carey secretary. They obtained donations at home and abroad, held a fair at Wilkes-Barre and raised a fund of $2,508. In order to raise funds the ladies had spread a monumental dinner in Kingston on the 24th of June, 1841. It was largely attended and the association realized a handsome return. Rev. T. P. Hunt, Colonel H. B. Wright and Dr. T. W. Miner delivered appropriate addresses. But the most united and general effort to secure the money requisite to complete the monument was made at the fair held in Wilkes-Barre on the ist, 2nd and 3d of July following. By this fair the ladies obtained $2,200. This sum was e^ipended, and a monu- ment sixty-two and a half feet in height was raised, com- posed of the granite rocks of Luzerne. The inscriptions are given on page 305. In 1856 Fisher Gay sold his farm to Payne Pettebone. The deed contained provisions secur- ing the monument site to the association. Mr. Pettebone sold the property to Moses Woodward, and he to Mr. Kesler and others, and their several deeds reiterated the same provisions. At a meeting of the Wyoming Historical and Geologi- cal Society, January i6th, 1864, Payne Pettebone, Hon.W. S. Ross and Colonel Charles Dorrance were named as a committee to collect funds for enclosing and improving the monument grounds. The fence was built and trees planted in the spring of 1864 by the Wyoming Monument Association, which was incorporated by an act approved April 3d, .i860. The monument proper cost about $6,500. Including grounds, fencing, trees and shrubbery the cost was about $8,000. M. E. CHAPEL, PLEASANT VALLEY. The M. E. chapel was built in the autumn of 1878, and dedicated December 8th, 1878, by Rev. A. Griffin, of West Pittston. The first pastor was Rev. J. K. Wagoner. The present (first) board of trustees consists of George W. Shales, William HoUister, Henry Chapman and Courtland E. Rolls, of Pleasant Valley, and Jacob Welter,Charles Mathewson and Charles Hine,"of Hughes- town; stewards — William Bell and Jason L. Harris, of Pleasant Valley, Charles Mathewson and Charles Hine, of Hughestown. The Sunday-school was organized as a Union Sunday- school in 1864. It was held in a school-house until the Presbyterian church was built; then in that church until January ist, 1879; since in the chapel, with about 140 scholars and teachers. George W. Shales is the superin- tendent. The church numbers about 40 members. Rev. Charles Sackett has been pastor since April i6th, 1880. SHELDON REYNOLDS. Sheldon Reynolds, third son of Hon. William C. Reynolds, was born at Kingston, Pa., Februai'y 32nd, 1845. He received his early education at the Wyoming Seminary, and graduated in the class of 1867 at Tale College. He read law with A. T. McClintock and was admitted in 1871. He is treasurer of the Wyoming- Historical and Geological Society. He married Annie B., only daughter of Colonel Charles Dorrance. LACKAWANNA COUNTY. LACKAWANNA IRON AND COAL COMPANY W. W. SCRAN- TON'S RESIGNATION. On the 8th of September, 1880, after our history of Scranton was printed, W. W. Scranton sent to the board of managers of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company his resignation of the position of general superintendent of the company's works, to take effect three days later. The Scranton Republican gave the following account of . the circumstances: " The incident which gave rise to his resignation had its origin in con- nection with affairs at the Tilly Foster ore mines, Brewster's station, New York. For some time past Mr. Scranton suspected the superin- tendent of the mines, Andrew Oosgrifl, of dishonesty in dealing with contractors, and for that reason sent Robert Reaves from this city with a view to learning him the business, so that he could take charge of the place. At the .lune meeting of the board of managers Mr. Scranton told them he intended to make Heaves superintendent as soon as he learned the business, as Cosgriff had been in collusion with two contracts ors named Delaney and McNamara, from whom he was getting a rebate of fifteen per cent. They did the hoisting of the ore, for which they were paid a dollar a ton. Their ordinary pay, which should not exceed $S a day, was by this means increased to fabulous flgures. Prior to that time they were earning only J3 a day in the mines. Cosgriff's salary was $300 a month. Scranton discharged him, but did not give him the reason, merely saying the company did not need his services any longerr Mr. Scranton informed the company of the fact, and the very next day -^^ ^h 54° APPENDIX. =•4* the toard reinstated Cosgriff in a position of trust, making him their real estate agent at that place without giving Mr. Scranton any notice whatever." In his letter of resignation Mr. Scranton said: " The action of our people in reappointing to a position of trust (with- out any notice whatever to me of their intention so to do, and on the very day after I had discharged him) of Andrew Cosgi-iff , of Tilly Fos- ter mines, whom I had discharged because T suspected him of collusion with his contraotora there, and of whose prospective discharge for that reason I notified our hoai'd at their June meeting, and of whom my sus- picions have since been confirmed by the confession of his accomplices, appears to me ti'eatment so extraordinary, so undeserved, so uncalled for, that I feel I can no longer, without loss of self respect, remain m the service of the company." Continuing, he recounted his services to the company, recommended numerous improvements in the vvrorks, and expressed his heartiest good wishes for the company's prosperity. C. F. Mattes, who has been connected with the company in various capacities since 1841 (his father, Philip H. Mattes, having been one of the original invest- ors in the enterprise), succeeded Mr. Scranton. MINISTERIAL AND OFFICIAL CHANGES REV. A. R. HOPPER. Since the larger portion of this work was written there have been some changes of pastors of churches, many of officers of lodges and societies, and perhaps a few in the management of various business enterprises in the several cities, boroughs and townships of Luzerne, Lackawanna and Wyoming counties. Pa. Attention is directed partic- ularly to the following items: Rev. Dr. A. R. Hopper severed his pastoral relation with the' Penn avenue Baptist church, Scranton, July ist, 1880. Rev. David Spencer became pastor September ist following. He was pastor of a church in Philadelphia thirteen years, and for three years secretary of the Baptist Foreign Missionary Society. He has occupied various positions of responsibility in the denomination, and gives the ripest years of his life to his new field of labor. Since the settlement of Mr. Spencer the church has been refur- nished, and a new pipe organ, built by Messrs. Hook & Hastings, of Boston, has been put in. Owing to the itinerant system of the Methodist church many changes of pastors have been made in churches of that denomination. SCRANTON FIRE DEPARTMENT. The name of Liberty Hose, jr., has been changed to Niagara. The following were the officers and member-' ship of the fire companies at the time of publication : FranhHn Engine Company.— W. H. Keim, foreman : John Keira, assis1>- ant; W. S. Williams, secretary; 26 members. Neptuiw Enuine Compa»?y.— Frederick Rose, foreman ; W. Hansleman, secretary ; 33 members. Nay A-uy Hose Company.— George Suydam, foreman; W. S. Kressler, assistant ; G-. W. Gager, secretary ; 24 members. Crijstal Hose Companij.—D. J. Newman, foreman ; Harry Fuller, assist- ant ; A. Needhara, secretary ; 30 members. lAbcrty Hose Company.— .facoh K. Smith, foreman ; 31 members. Gcnerrt/ P/ttji)ic/y Jfosc. —Miles Biesecker, foreman; H. A. Mace, secre- tary ; 24 members. Relief Engine Company.— Jjoma Meyers, foreman ; Charles Wag-ner, secretary ; 44 members. Phoenix Hose Compa.ny.—'Mavx Zizelmann, foreman; Swartz, secretary ; 1!1 members. Nia{iara Hose Companjy.— William Zimmerman, foreman ; E. W. Weston, secretary ; 18 members. Hand^in-Ha^vX Ermine C'Jmpftnj/.— Patrick Forkin, foreman ; E. P. McNalley, secretary; 44 members. This company has received its engine. Columbia Hose Company.— 3. .T. Mullen, foreman ; Frederick Leitner, assistant; Louis Schoen, secretary ; 23 members. There are 118 fire hydrants belonging to the city and 20 to companies and private individuals which can be used in case of fire. The city owns $20,000 worth of personal property in the hands of the fire department, and three engine houses, valued at $10,500. There are four steamers owned by the city. The amount of hose of the different companies is as follows: Neptune and Franklin, 750 feet each; Crystal Hose Company, Nay Aug and General Phinney, 1,000 feet; Liberty Hose Company and Relief Engine Company, 850 feet; Phoenix and Niagara, 350 feet; Columbia, 800 feet; Hand-in- Hand, 150 feet. OLYPHANT. The Welsh Congregational Church was organized by its present pastor, a resident of Greenfield, during the early years of the settlement of Olyphant. It has a chapel on Church street, in which services are held. The facts of the society's history could not be obtained, although applied for. The Roman Catholic Church and parsonage on Church street are fine buildings. This was the first church organized in Olyphant, and it is the strongest — numeri- cally and financially. Rev. P. A. O'Rorke, the pastor, is a thorough student and has proved himself the man for the place. A view of the church buildings appears elsewhere. The Olyphant Brass Band wa.i organized prior to 1861 and served in the army as a regimental band. The Edwards family (father and sons) were then its leading spirits. A few years since it was reorganized under the leadership of Mr. Thomas Mason, a well known musician. ARCHBALD. The German Presbyterian Church was organized by Rev. Christian Lords, about 1852. It has passed through various financial troubles, having twice lost its building by fire, but now owns a neat and substantial brick edifice on River street. It was at one time con- nected with Montrose Presbytery, but owing to some misunderstanding it severed its connection with that body and is now independent. JERMYN. The Jermyn Silver Cornet Band was inaugurated by Professor Richard Jay, who has bi ought it. to a fine state of proficiency. The band won a prize of $100 at a tournament, and in 1880 was a contestant for the Eistedfodd prize at Hyde Park, where its playing drew forth the highest encomiums from all present. WYOMING COUNTY. KEYSTONE ACADEMY, FACTORYVILLE, an institution for the instruction of both sexes in arts and literature, was chartered in . 1868. The institution owns 18 acres of woodland, improved as a campus; a brick edifice 100 by 50 feet, four stories high; a library of 600 volumes, apparatus and other school property, costing $30,000. The principal gifts have come from Edrick and James Frear, A. C. Sisson, Nathaniel Hallstead, Thomas Moore, H. H. Bailey and E. A. Coray, while many others have also made donations to the institution. The school was organized in 1869, under John H. Harris as principal, and continued under his care ten years. During these years over 700 young men and women attended from several counties. In 1879, 150 students were in attendance, of whom 103 were from a distance; about two-thirds were pursuing academic studies. After the resignation of Mr. Harris, in 1879, Rev. William C. Tilden, A. M., was principal one year. In July, 1880, Mr. Harris resumed the principalship. The office of lady principal has been held by Mrs. Hattie Bower, Mrs. Mary E. Harris, Miss Louisa A. Northup and Miss Sarah Tingley. Rev. John Ballan tine has served the academy seven years with great ac- ceptance in the chair of Ancient Languages. Other teachers have been F. E. Bower, A. M., C. C. Bower, W. E. Capwell, A. B. Fitch, D. W. Brown, James E. Frear, A. B., and others. The institution maintains a boarding department, which has been from the beginning under the care of Mrs. Harriet Bailey, matron. -^\