P9B5 & *fi ..m: llteliiiiWr ■-k^*ii,~*-in.rtt!iiS:s:rv:fi 4-l***'V*-irt-'P# -w *-«-**.«■ CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Cornell University Library JS451.P9 B5 Political hand-book of Berks county Pen olin 3 1924 030 538 007 The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030538007 POLITICAL HAND BOOK BERKS COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, I752-1883 MORTOIfL. MONTGOMERY, Member of the Berks County Bar. • BEADING, PA.. 1'bess OP B. F. Owen, 515, 517 CouBT Street, 1883. < 1 , 1 1 ^0 lt«lV| P,;, \ I \ \ ', 'f K-1\Ai; Y J\l^:Ly€^ Eotered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1883, by MORTON L. MONTGOMERY, In tliB OiBce of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. IPK^EIFJLOE!. The history of the county of Berks as a separate political or- ganization extends through a period of one hundred and thirty- two years. In all these years offices were necessarily filled to carry on the successful development of its people a,s a political body by itself, and also as one of the great collection of political bodies in the State of Pennsylvania and in the United States of America. The names of the persons who held the respective offices in, of, and for the county from the beginning of its exist- ence to the present time are worthy of preservation in a con- venient form for the purpose of facilitating reference to them. A book, it was thought, would be appreciated by the citizens of the county. The author, therefore, undertook the task of com- piling them. This Hand-Book embraces the names of all the officials of the county since 1752, and of the county-seat — Reading — since its incorporation as a city in 1847. They are arranged separately in complete lists so as to avoid the frequent repetition of the name, and to give at a glance the service, of the same person in an office. It embraces also tables of census and election re- turns of the county and county-seat by districts. These tables are interesting and valuable to show the increase of the inhabit- ants, and the increase of the electors in respect to number and interest in political affairs; and to enable comparison of the sev- eral districts with one another, as well at the same as at the suc- cessive enumerations and elections. It is not a political history of the county, nor a dissertation on political parties and questions as they prevailed in the county from the first settlements to the present time. It is simply a book of reference to ascertain readily who were the officials of the county and city, when and how long they officiated, what population existed at the several decades, and what interest in 4 PREFACE. political affairs was shown by the electors at the successive elec- tions for Governor since 1802 and for President since 1828, and how it compared with political interest in the surrounding counties. Its utility will be appreciated in many ways, especially by those who are more or less concerned as partisans in the develop- ment of party strength and the number of votes polled, or as citizens in the public exhibition of political interest in popular elections and free government. The ten counties which surround Berks County and lie be- tween the two great rivers, Delaware and Susquehanna, namely, Bucks, Chester, Dauphin, Delaware, Lancaster, Lebanon, Le- high, Montgomery, Philadelphia, and Schuylkill, have been in- cluded in the compilation in order to extend the comparison, in the particulars mentioned, of the county of Berks with the coun- ties na^ed, and also of the counties as well with one another as with the State, separately and collectively. The eleven counties occupy the southeastern section of the State, and comprise forty-six hundred square miles of territory, exactly one-tenth part of its entire area. The earliest settle- ments in the State were chiefly made within the limits of this large and important district for a period extending through one hundred and forty ye^rs before the Revolution. In it a sur- prising development of the people was first manifested in re- spect to population, agriculture, manufaetureSj wealth, and gov- ernment. In these respects during this time it was the most prominent portion. This condition of the people followed the settlements naturally, if not necessarily. Local circumstances — rivers, mountains, and valleys beautifully arranged and admir- ably supplied with natural resources adapted to make a country, great and its people prosperous and happy — influenced it to a considerable degree. And though the tendency of general de- velopment, through agriculture, manufactures, railways, and edu- cation, has been upward and outward from this section toward the limits of the State, like the strong branches of a great tree from its trunk, nevertheless now, one hundred years after the Revolution, it continues to be; the most prominent section. And PREFACE. 5 just as it has maintained its relative greatness and importance through all these years with the entire State, so has the county of Berks with this portion. The tables illustrate this clearly and satisfactorily. The remarks on them dwell particularly on comparisons, in order to show the relative proportion of increase. Complete election returns for Governor before 1802, and for President before 1828, could not be obtained; hence they have not been included. The census of all the counties in the State since 1850, and the election returns for President since 1868, have been added in separate tables as general and useful information on these two topics. Blank pages have been added after the Index for the purpose of affixing future official election returns. Ten years have elapsed since the author began the labor of compiling general history of Berks County. Personal pride in local affairs of his native county inclined him to it. Through these years it has been altogether a " labor of love." In this time he has accumulated many interesting and valuable matters pertaining to the early history of the county which have not heretofore been published. They embrace politics, judicature, military, labor, education, religion, biography, and genealogy. A purpose to publish all of them in one large volume was en- tertained by him for some years. But, believing that they could be presented separately in a more satisfactory manner and a more acceptable form, he determined to publish each subject by itself. This Hand-Book is therefore the first of a series of books which he intends to publish in relation to the several sub- jects mentioned. This determination, however, shall not interfere with his plan of publishing a "General History of Berks County," which is iu course of compilation by him ; for, this history is arranged to embrace the first settlements and the organization of townships, the erection of the county and the general development of its various affairs, the founding of Reading and its progress and importance as a tdwn, borough, and city, etc., none of which particulars will be included in the series of books mentioned. 6 PREFACE. The records of the county in the court-house were examined by the author in compiling this book ; also the following pub- lications : Berks County OflBcers (Strunk's). Reading Adler (German). Berks and Schuylkill Journal. Reading Oazette and Democrat. Collection Penna. Historical Society. Collection Penna. State Library. Journals of Councils, Heading. Duke of Yorke's Laws. Laws of Pennsylvania. Colonial Records. Pennsylvania Archives. Penna. Archives (2d Series). U. S. Census Reports. Reports Sec. Int. Affs. of Pa. Smull's Leg. Hand-Books. The author acknowledges the uniform kindness of all persons to whom he applied for material in behalf of this compilation, especially of the present county and city officials and of the pro- prietors of files of the several newspapers mentioned. M. L. M. Reading, Pa., October, 1883. OOlsTTEILTTS. BOOK I.— COUNTY OF BERKS. PART I.— EEPRESEKTATIVES AND OFFICERS. PAGR Bebks County, Erected 9 1. National Eepresentatives 9 Congressmen 10 Foreign Ministers 11 2. State Representatives 11 Delegates to Constitutional Conventions 11 State Officials , , 15 Senators 15 Assemblymen 16 3. County Officers 18 Judges 18 ■ From 1752 to 1790 19 President 21 Additional Law 21 Orphans' Court 22 Associate 22 Attorneys-at-Law 22 District Attorney? 25 Special Detectives 26 . Commissioners 26 Auditors 28 Treasurers 28 Sherifls 29 Coroners 30 Prothonotaries 31 Recorders 31 Registers 31 Clerks of Orphans' Court 32 Clerks of Quarter Sessions 32 Surveyors 32 Poor Directors and Stewards 33 Mercantile Appraisers 34 Sealers of Weights and Measures .*. 35 Prison Inspectors and Wardens 36 Superintendents of Common Schools 38 Jury Commissioners 39 License Commissioners 39 Oil Inspectors 41 PART II.— CENSUS. Early Population of Pennsylvania 42 Additional Districts of County erected 43 Increase and Comparisons 44 Table, '1790-1880 46 Table of State by Counties, 1850-80 47 e CONTENTS. PAET III.— ELECTION RETURNS. PASI 1. Elections '. 49 Election Districts of County erected 49 Remarks on Election Returns 53 For Governor 53 For President 54 Vote for President compared 55 Majorities of County for President compared 57 Majorities of Eleven Counties and State for President compared 57 For Constitutional Amendments 59 For Prohibition and License 60 2. Tables 61 Returns for Governor, 1802-82 61 Returns for President, 1828-80 68 Returns for Constitutional Conventions, 1825-73 71 Returns for Prohibition, 1854 72 Returns for License, 1878 72 Returns of State by Counties for President, J868-80 73 BOOK II.— CITY OF -READING. PART I.— REPRESENTATIVES AND OFFICERS. Reading — Town, Borough, City 75 1. State Representatives 76 Assemblymen 76 2. City Ofpicees 77 Mayors 78 Vote and Majorities for Mayors 78 Aldermen 80 Councilmen 81 Select 81 Presidents and Clerks of Select Council 82 Common 83 Presidents and Clerks of Common Council 87 Treasurers 87 Auditors 88 Controllers 88 Solicitors 88 Engineers 88 Highway Commissioners 89 Market Commissioners 89 Constables .■ 89 Chiefs of Police 90 Scavengers 91 Water Commissioners 91 Board of Health 91 Reading School District and Officers :. 92 Superintendents of Common Schools 94 Firemen's Union and Officers 94 PART II.— CENSUS. Table, 1850-80 97 PART III.— ELECTION RETURNS. Tables 98 For Governor, 1848-82 98 For President, 1848-80 100 BOOK I.-COUNTY OF BERKS. :p^i2;T I. REPRESENTATIVES AND OFFICERS. The county of Berks was erected out of the upper portion of Philadelphia County, which lay east of the Schuylkill River, and the upper portion of Lancaster County west of it, together with a small portion of Chester County, by the Assembly of Pennsylvania, by an Act passed 11 March, 1752. It then comprised a very large area of territory, which extended northwestwardly, from Philadel- phia and Chester counties on the southeast, through the State to the northern line, and lay between Northampton County (which was erected on the same day out of part of Bucks County) on the north- east, and Lancaster and Cumberland counties on the west and northwest. It was reduced to its present area by contributing por- tions of its territory north of the Blue Mountains : first, toward the erection of Northumberland County in 1772 ; and second, toward the erection of Schuylkill County in 1811. Immediately after its erection it became entitled to representation in the Provincial Assembly, and to various county officers; and, after the establishment of National Independence and Government, also to representation in Congress. All the officers— national, State, and county — from and of the county, from the beginning of its existence to the present time, are set forth in the following arrangement : 1. National Repeesentatives. 2. State Repeesentatives. 3. County Officees. 1. NATIONAL KEPEESENTATIVES. The office of representative to Congress of the United States was created by the Constitution of the United States which was adopted 17 September, 1787, and ratified by the Convention of Pennsyl- vania 12 December, 1787. The term of office was then made two 2 10 COUNTY OF SEEKS. years ; and so it has continued to the present time. Representatives were apportioned among the several States according to population, which was enumerated within three years after the first meeting of Congress, and every ten years thereafter. The first apportionment by Congress gave Pennsylvania eight rep- resentatives. These were apportioned by the State Legislature, 16 March, 1791, to eight districts. Berks, Northampton, and Lu- zerne counties were erected into one district, with one member. In 1793 the State was given thirteen members. These were apportioned by the State Legislature on 22 April, 1794, when Berks and Luzerne counties were made the Fifth Congressional District for the next ten years, with one member. In 1802 Berks, Chester, and Lancaster formed the Third Con- gressional District, with an apportionment of three members. In 1812 Berks and Schuylkill formed the Seventh District, with one member. In 1822 Berks, Schuylkill, and Lehigh formed the Seventh Dis- trict, with two members. In 1832 Berks became a separate district, called the Ninth, with one member. In 1843, and every ten years successively, Berks comprised the Eighth Congressional District, with one member. The following persons represented Berks County in Congress : CONGRESSMEN. Name. Term. Daniel Hiester 1789-97 Josepli Hiester*...1797-1807 ; 1815-20 Matlhias Eeichert 1807-11 John M. Hynemant 1811-13 Daniel Udree 1813-15 ; 1823-25 Ludwig Worman ....1821-23 William Adams 1825-29 Henry A. MnhlenbergJ 1829-38 George M. Keim 1838-43 John Ritter 1843-47 Name. Term. William Strong 1847-53 J. Glanoy Jones?.. .1851-53; 1854-58 Henry A. Muhlenberg, Jr.||... 1853-54 William H. Keim 1858-59 John SchwartzTf 1859-60 James K. McKenty 1860-61 Sydenham E. Ancona 1861-67 J. Lawrence Getz 1867-73 Hiester Clymer 1873-81 Daniel Ermentrout 1881-85 * Joseph Hiester was elected Qovernor of PeDDBylvania in October, 1820, and resigned his seat iu Congress. Ludwig Wnrman was elected on 26 December, 1820, to succeed him for the unexpired term ending 3 March, 1821. f John M. Hyueman was re-elected ; but he resigned his seat, and Daniel Udree was elected to fill the vacancy for the unexpired term ending 3 March, 1815. X Henry A. Muhlenberg resigned his seat in February, 1838, and accepted the Mission to Austria as the first Minister Plenipotentiary. George M. Eeim was elected in March, 1838, to fill the unexpired term ending 3 March. 1839. g J. Olaucy Jones resigned in October, 1858, and accepted Mission to Austria. William H. Eeim was elected on 30 November, 1858. to fill unexpired term ending 3 March, 1859. II Henry A. Muhlenberg, Jr., died at Washington on 9 January, 1854. He had appeared in Congress only a single day, when he was taken sick with typhoid fever, and thereafter was unar hie to resume his seat. ^ John Schwarta died in July, 1860, and James E. McEenty was elected to fill unexpired term ending 4 March, 1861. FOREIGN MINISTERS — STATE REPRESENTATIVES. 11 FOREIGN MINKTEES. Henry A. Muhlenberg, to Austria, 1838-40, J. Glancy Jones, to Austria, 1858-61. 2. STATE EEPRESENTATIVES. The " Continental Congress" passed a resolution on 15 May, 1776, calling upon the respective Assemblies of the " United Colo- nies" " to adopt such government as shall in the opinion of the rep- resentatives of the people best conduce to the happiness and safety of their constituents in particular and America in general." In pursuance thereof a Provincial Conference was held in " Carpenter's Hall," at Philadelphia, on Tuesday, 18 June, 1776. It was at- tended by representatives from all the counties of the Province, then eleven in number. The representatives — or delegates, as they were called — from Berks County were : Jacob Morgan, Henry Haller, Mark Bird, Bodo Otto, Benjamin Spyker, Daniel Hunter, Valentine Eckert, Nicholas Lutz, Joseph Hiester, Charles Shoemaker. This Conference decided that a Provincial Convention should be called to meet on Monday, 15 July, 1776, for the express purpose of "forming a new government in this Province on the authority of the people only" ; fixed the qualifications of electors, the number of representatives from each county and the time of their election; ordered an address to the people ; and agreed upon a " Declaration of Independence" of the Province, the truthfulness, forcibleness, and elegance of which are worthy all possible praise and admiration. Accordingly, on the 15th of July, 1776, the Convention assem- bled, composed of delegates from each county. The delegates from Berks County were : Jacob Morgan, Gabriel Hiester, John Lesher, Benjamin Spyker, Daniel Hunter, Valentine Eckert, Charles Shoemaker, Thomas Jones, Jr. A constitution was agreed upon on 28 September, 1776. It com- prised a Preamble, Declaration of Rights, and Frame of Govern- ment. The " Declaration of Rights" was reported by a committee of eleven, of which John Lesher from Berks was a member. By the 47th section of the " Frame of Government" a provision was made for the election of Censors in 1783 and every seventh year thereafter, who were " to inquire whether the Constitution was 12 COUNTY OP BERKS. preserved inviolate in every part." The Censors elected in 1783 to represent Berks County were : James Kead and Baltzer Gehr. The Council of Censors met at Philadelphia in October, 1783. Read was appointed one of the committee to make the inquiry pro- vided for. This committee reported in August, 1784. Both Read and Gehr agreed to the report. But there were dissenters. Rea- sons for and against the report were entered. Gehr signed those for it ; and Read signed those against it, though " he would have it understood that he had sentiments as favorable to the Constitution as any from whom he dissented." Remonstrances, signed by 18,000 citizens, were presented to the Council, protesting against the calling of a convention for altering or amending the Constitution. The committee which had been ap- pointed on this subject reported against a convention. Both Read and Gehr voted for this report. An address to the " Freemen of Pennsylvania" was then ordered to be published. Read voted for it ; but Gehr did not vote. The General Assembly of the State met at Philadelphia on 24 March, 1789. The representatives from Berks County were : Joseph Hiester, Gabriel Hiester, Joseph Sands, John Ludwig, Daniel Broadhead. The Assembly decided that alterations and amendments to the Constitution of 1776 were necessary ; Sands and Broadhead having voted in the affirmative, Ludwig in the negative, and both Joseph Hiester and Gabriel Hiester having been absent. The Assembly met again on 15 September, 1789. A resolution was reported by a committee of the whole Assembly which favored the calling of a convention to amend the Constitution, and adopted ; Sands, Broadhead, and Ludwig having voted in the affirmative, Gabriel Hiester in the negative, and Joseph Hiester not voting. Delegates were accordingly elected by each of the districts in the State. The delegates from Berks County were : Joseph Hiester, Christopher,,Lower, Abraham Lincoln, Paul Groscup, Baltzer Gehr. The Convention assembled in the State House, at Philadelphia, on 24 November, 1789. A New Constitution was agreed upon, and STATE KEPEESENTATIVES. 13 all the delegates subscribed it on 2 September, 1790. It was soou afterward submitted to the people of the State by a special election, and adopted. This Constitution was continued as the general political law of the State until the adoption of a New Constitution in 1873. In the mean time efforts were made to improve it. An Act of Assembly was passed 28 March, 1825, which provided for an election to be held at the next succeeding election to ascertain the opinion of the people relative to the call of a Constitutional Convention, but they decided by ballot that such a convention should not be called. The vote in Berks County was : For Convention 752 Against " '. 3757 Majority against .3005 In 1835 a convention was again recommended, and the people decided that it was necessary. The vote in Berks County was, how- ever, against it : For Convention 2338 Against " .....5568 Majority against 3230 In 1837 a Constitutional Convention was duly assembled at Harrisburg. Various amendments to the Constitution were recom- mended ; and they were adopted by the people at the regular elec- tion in October, 1838. The vote in Berks County was: For A mendments 5823 Against " 3883 Majority for 1940 The delegates at this Convention were : Jolin Bitter, George M. Keim, William High, Mark Darrah, James Donagan. And subsequently, till the New Constitution of 1873, various amendments were proposed by Acts of Assembly and adopted by elections of the people. The growth of the people of the State in wealth, the growth of politicians in influence, the growth of corporations in power, and 14 COUNTY OF BEEKS. the growth of legislation for special classes and localities, during a period of fourscore years, had rendered a new, fundamental, general law necessary. The complaints had become as loud as they were numerous. They had proceeded from all sections of the State. The selfishness of men had grown beyond their judgment and in- tegrity. The good of the people had come to be of minor import- ance. Self-aggrandizement in wealth and power had been set up as the great idol of men who were at the head of the various im- portant afiairs and enterprises of the State. Accordingly, a general feeling had come to prevail throughout the State to the effect that political ambition, corporate power, and special legislation should have to be checked on the one hand and considerably modified on the other, in order to have these important agencies to subserve the public welfare. An Act of Assembly was therefore proposed and passed in 1871 which provided for the calling of a general convention to amend the Constitution of 1790. It was submitted to the people at the general election of October, 1871, and ratified. The vote in Berks County was, however, against the proposition, as follows : For Convention 5,269 Against " 10,905 Majority against 5,636 Delegates were accordingly elected ; the Convention assembled — first at Harrisburg, then at Philadelphia ; many weeks were spent in deliberations ; and finally the result of their labor was submitted to the people in 1873, and adopted. The. vote in Berks County was: For New Constitution 9114 Against New Constitution 1866 Majority for 7248 The delegates from Berks County were: George G. Barclay, I Henry Van Beed. Henry W. Smith, | Under the Provincial Constitution as provided by William Penn and his successors, and afterward under the State Constitutions of 1776, 1790, and 1873, the oflBcers named in the subsequent pgges were elected and appointed. STATE OFFICIALS — SENATORS. 15 The State representatives from Berks County are arranged in three classes : State Officials; Senators; Assemblymen. STATE OFFICIALS. The following persons from Berks County held State offices : Joseph Hiester, Governor, elected, 1820-23. Frederick Smith, Attorney-General, appointed by Governor Andrew Schulze, 1823-28. Frederick Smith, Supreme Associate Justice, appointed, 1828-30. John Banks, State Treasurer, elected by Legislature, 1847. William M. Hiester, Secretary of State, appointed by Governor William F. Packer, 1858-60. William H. Keim, Surveyor-General, elected, 1860-61. Warren J. Woodward, Supreme Associate Justice, elected, 1874^79. SENATORS. The office of State Senator was created by the Constitution of 1790. The State was thereby apportioned into senatorial districts ; and again in 1793, and subsequently every seven years till the adop- tion of the New Constitution of 1873, whereby the apportionment was thereafter to be made on the decennial census of the United States. In the beginning Berks and Dauphin counties comprised a district with an allotment of two members ; and they continued together till 1808, when Berks was erected into a separate district with two members. After the erection of Schuylkill County in 1811, it was added to Berks, and they together comprised a district with two members till 1836, when Berks was again erected into a district by itself with one member, and continued so from that time till now. The term was four years from 1790 to 1838 ; and three years thence to 1874, when the New Constitution fixed it at four years again. The members from Berks alone are mentioned : Name. Term. Joseph Hiester 1790-94 Gabriel Hiester 1795-96; 1805-12 Christopher Lower 1797-1804 John S. Hiester 1809-12 Charles Shoemaker 1813-16 Marks John Biddle ...1817-20 Conrad Feger 1821-24 George Schall , 1825-28 Daniel A. Bertolet 1829-32 Paul Geiger 1833-36 John Miller 1837-40 Name. Term. Samuel Fegely 1841-46 John Potteiger 1847-49 Henry A. Muhlenberg 1850-52 William M. Hiester* 1853-55 John C. Evans ,.,.1856-58 Benjamin NunnemaCher 1859-60 Hiester Clymer 1861-66 J. Depuy Davis 1867-73 Daniel Ermentrout 1874-80 Edward H. Shearer 1881-84 * William M. Hiester was elected and served as Speaker of the Senate for year 1855. 16 COUNTY OF BERKS. ASSEMBLYMEN. • The office of Assemblyman was first created by William Penn in establishing a government for the Province; and representatives thereto, from the several counties as they were erected, were elected annually till the Declaration of Independence and the adoption of a Constitution by the State in 1776. It was continued by this Constitution, and afterward by that of 1790, whereby members to the Assembly were elected annually till the adoption of the New Constitution of 1873. Then the term was increased to two years. In all these years — from 1752 to the present time — Berks County was a separate district, excepting after the erection of Schuylkill County out of portions of Berks and Northampton, when it was added to Berks, and continued so for a period of eighteen years —from 1811 to 1829. The number of representatives from Berks was as follows : 3752-71 ...; 1 1772-76 , 2 1777-81.... 4 1782-86...: 6 1787-1829.. 5 1830-57 4 1858-74 3 In 1874 six members were apportioned to Berks, to so continue until an apportionment.be duly made, on next census of United States (1880) — namely^ to the city of Reading two members, and to the county, of Berks four. The representa,tives from the county, were as follows : Name, Term. Moses Starr 1752-54 Francis Parvin 1755 Thomas Yorke 1756-57 James Boone 1758 John Potts ; 1759-61 John Koss 1762-64 Adam Witman 1765-66 Edward Biddle* 1767-81 Henry Christ 1771-81 Henry Haller 1776-81 JohnLesher 1776-81 John Hiester 1782 Gabriel Hiester 1782; 1787-89; 1791 ;■ 1802-04 Ballzer Gehr....l782; 1786; 1792-99 Daniel Hunter 1782 Benjamin Weiser 1782 Joei Bishop 1782-84 Daniel Clymer..l783-84 ; 1787 ; 1791 Chris. Lower..l783-85; 1793-94; 1796 Name. Term. Abraham Lincoln 1783-86 John Ludwig 1783; 1789; 1790-92 JohnPatton 1783 George Ege 1783 Nicholas Lutz..... ..1784-86; 1790-94 JohnEice 1784 Henry Spycker 1785-86 David Davis 1785-88 Martin Rhoads 1785 Philip Kraemer. 1786-87 Joseph Hiester 1787-90 Charles Biddle , 1788 Joseph Sands 1788-90 Daniel Broadhead 1789 Daniel Leinbach... 1790 James Collins...- 1791 C. Shoemaker..l792^1801; 1810; 1812 PaulGrosoup..... .....1792-98 John Christ 1795-96 JohnSpayd 1795-1810 * lu 1774 Edward Biddle was Speaker of the Assembly. ASSEMBLYMEN. 17 Name. Term. Peter Frailey ..1797-1 801 ; 1810; 1812 William Lewis 1797-98 D. Eose.1799-1804; 1806-08 ; 1811-12 Daniel Udree 1799-1803; 1805 William Witman 1800-05 Frederick Smith 1802-03 Isaac Adams 1804-05 Jacob Rhoads 1804-05; 1809 Jacob Epler 1805; 1816 Elias Eedcay 1806-07 Valentine Probst 1806-08 Jacob Schaeffer 1806-08 John Bishop 1806 Daniel Yoder 1807-08 Bernard Kepner 1808 Jacob Schneider 1809 David Kerby... 1809-12; 1815; 1817 John M. Hyneman 1809 James McFarland 1809 AdamEuth 1810-11 Conrad Feger 1811-14 John Miller 1813; 1815 Jacob Krebs 1813-14 John Adams 1813-14 Jacob Sassaman 1813 George Marx 1814 Jonathan Hudson 1814 Daniel Kerper 1815 Daniel Ehoads, Jr 1815-17; 1822 Jacob Dreibelbis 1815 Christian Haldeman 1816 D. Hottenstein...l816 ; 1822-24; 1827 William Schoener ;...1817 Godfried Eoehrer...l817; 1820; 1823 Michael Graeff. 1817-19 Joseph Good 1818-19 Jacob Levan 1818-19 Elisha Geiger 1818 Jacob Griesemer 1818-19 JohnNeikerch 1819; 1822 John Kohler 1820 Abraham Mengel 1820 John W. Eoseberry 1820 George Gemant 1820-21 Samuel Jones 1821 Joseph Good 1821 Jacob Eahn 1821 Jacob Schneider 1821 William Adams 1822-24 John Gehr 1822-23 William Audenried 1823-24 Henry Boyer 1824-27; 1832 James Everhard 1824-26 George Eahn 1825; 1827-28 Jacob Gehr 1825-26 Geo. M. Odenheiraer 1825 ASSEMBLYMEN.— (Continued.) Term. Daniel A. Bertolette 1826-28 Michael Graeff. 1826 Philip A. Good 1827-29 Mordecai Lewis 1828 JohnStauffer 1829-31 Thos. J. Eoehrer 1829-30 George Klein 1829 Paul Geiger 1829-31 John Wanner 1830-32 John Potteiger 1831-34; 1842-44 William High 1832 Peter Klein, Jr 1833-34 Benjamin Tyson 1833 Jacob M. Snyder 1833-34 Adam Schoener 1834; 1839-40 William Hottenstein 1835-36 Lewis W. Eichards 1835 John Ulrich 1835-36 John Jackson 1835-37 John Sheetz 1836-37 Michael K. Boyer 1837 S. Fegely..l837-39 ; 1848; 1849; 1851 Jacob Walborn 1838-39 Abraham Hill 1838-39 James Geiger 1838 Henry Flannery 1840-41 Peter Filbert 1840 Daniel B. Kutz 1840-41 Eobert M. Barr 1841 Samuel Moore 1841-43 John Shenk 1842-43 Joseph Bachman 1842-43 Henry W. Smith 1844-45 John C. Evans 1844; 1850-52 Alfi-ed J. Herman 1844 Jacob Tice 1845-46 Michael Hoffman 1845-46 ; 1857 Henry G. Stef ler 1845-46 ; 1848 Charles Levan 1846-47 John Long 1847-48 John C. Myers 1847-49 Jacob Graeff. 1847 William Shaffner 1849-50 Daniel Zerbey 1849-50 ; 1853 Alex. S. Feather 1850-51 Jacob Eeifenyder 1851-52 Isaac Yost 1852-53 George Dengler 1852-53 Jacob Wicklein 1853-54 John B. Smith 1854 George Shenk 1854-56 Dan'l. V. R. Hunter 1854 Jeremiah Mengel 1855 John F. Linderman 1855 Samuel Shearer .' 1855 Andrew M. Sallade 1855 18 COUNTY OF BEKKS. ASSEMBLYMEN.— ( Concluded.) Name. Term. J. Lawrence Getz* 1856-57 William Heins 1856-57 Benj. Nunnemacher 1856-58 Michael Hoffman 1857 Edmund L. Smith 1858-59 Amos Weiler 1858 Solomon L. Custer 1859-60 Augustus F. Bertolet 1859 Joshua S. Miller 1860 Elijah Penn Smith 1860-61 Michael P. Boyer 1861 Henry B. Ehoads 1861; 1865-67 Charles A. Kline 1862-64 Daniel K. Weidner 1862-63 William N. Potteiger 1862-64 John P. Missimer 1864-66 Frederick Harner 1865-67 Richmond L. Jones 1867-69 Henry S. Hottenstein 1868-69 Name. Term. Henry Brobst 1868-70 Aaron T. C. Keffer 1870-72 Hiram H. Schwartz 1870-72 John A.Conrad 1871-73 Benjamin E. Dry 1873-76 Michael McCnllough 1873-74 Aaron Smith 1874-76 Daniel L. Batdorf. 1875 Nicholos Andre 1875-78 Joseph B. Conrad 1876-78 George D. Schaeffer 1877-80 Stephen J. Smith 1877-80 James Liggett 1879-82 John H. Biegel 1879-82 C. A. Seidel 1881-84 George K. Lorah 1881-84 Issac Z. Deck 1883-84 James W. Sponagle 1883-84 3. COUNTY OFFICERS. By the charter to William Penn and the several grants there- under, various laws and ordinances were enacted from time to time " for the good government of the Province." The regulation of pro- vincial affairs was directed by officers, either appointed or elected, for the entire Province or for the counties comprising it. The sev- eral officers for the county were as follows : JUDGES. Various Acts of Assembly were passed before 1722, for a period of forty years, to establish the powers of courts for the purpose of protecting men in the enjoyment of their personal rights, of redress- ing wrongs, of adjudicating the rights of property, and of adminis- tering estates. Finally, in that year, the law for the several courts of the Province became settled, and continued so till the Revolution, with the exception of certain amendments by two supplementary acts passed in 1759 and 1767. From the time of the erection of the county in 1752 down to 1776 the following persons acted in the capacity of Justices, the length of service of most of them being unknown : * Speaker of HoUse in 1867. JUDGES. 19 Conrad Weiser, Francis Parvin, Anthony Lee, Jonas Seely, Henry Harvey, William Bird, William Maugridge, Moses Starr, James Boone, Jacob Levan, James Read, Peter Spyker, Joseph Millard, Benjamin Lightfoot, George Webb, Thomas Butter, Jacob Morgan, James Diemer, John Patton, George Douglass, Henry Christ, Sebastian Zimmerman, Nicholas Harmony, Mark Bird, Daniel Broadhead, William Eeeser, Jonathan Potts, Balthaser Gehr, Thomas Dunlap. In 1776 the Constitutional Convention provided in the first con- stitution of the State that the Supreme Executive Council should consist of twelve persons, who were to be chosen by ballot by the respective counties for the term of three years. The apportion- ment gave one to Berks County. The following Councillors were elected from Berks till the adoption of the Constitution of 1790. The term of the first was fixed at two years ; and afterward three years. Name. Term. Eichard Tea, elected in 1776, but declined to serve. Jacob Morgan 1777-78 Name. Term. James Read 1779-81; 1788-90 Sebastian Levan 1782-84 Charles Biddle 1785-87 This Constitution also provided for the establishment of courts of justice in every county of the State. The following persons of- ficiated as Judges of the county from 1776 till 1790. The first three were President Judges of the courts for a time. James Diemer, Henry Christ, Peter Spyker, James Kead, Daniel Levan, Valentine Eckert, John Ludwig, Jacob Morgan, Charles Shoemaker, Paul Groscup, John Eckert, Jacob Weaver, John Otto, Matthias Eeiehert, Nicholas Hunter, Egedius Meyer, John Christ. And it provided also that each election district should elect two or more persons for the oflice of Justice of the Peace, and that the president of the Executive Council should commission one or more for each district for seven years. The following Justices were elected in Berks County, and commissioned, from 1777 till 1790 — the dash after the year indicating uncertainty whether or not the full term was served, and the repetition of the year indicating re- election : 20 COUNTY OF BEEKS. Name. Term. Henry Christ 1777-84; 1784— Jacob Shoemaker 1777^ James Read 1777— Daniel Hiester 1777— Peter Spycker 1777— Jacob Weaver 1777-84; 1784— John Ludwig 1777-84; 1784— Benjamin Shott 1777— Christopher Schultz 1777— Samuel Ely 1777-84; 1784— Jacob Waggoner 1777 — Daniel Rothermel 1777— John Old 1777— Chas. Shoemaker 1777-84; 1784— Name. Term. Egedius Meyer 1777-84; 1784— Jacob Morgan 1777-84; 1784— Thomas Parry 1777 — Michael Lindenmuth 1778 — Gabriel Hiester 1778^,. John Guldin 1780— Valentine Eckert 1784— Paul Groscup 1784 — John Eckert 1784— John Otto 1785— Matthias Keichert 1788-91 Nicholas Hunter 1788 — James Diemer 1788-91 PRESIDENT, ADDITIONAL LAW, ORPHANS' COURT, AND ASSOCIATE JUDGES. The Constitution of 1790 provided for the establishment of cir- cuit courts in the State to be composed of certain counties — not less than three nor more than six ; and for the appointment by the Gov- ernor of a president judge of the courts in each circuit, and also of other judges, not less than three nor more than four in number, whose residence should be in the county. All the judges appointed were to hold their offices during good behavior. In 1791, in pursuance of the Constitution of 1790, the State was divided into five judicial circuits or districts, and each district be- came entitled to a president judge. The Third District comprised Berks, Luzerne, Northampton, and Northumberland counties. In 1806 the State was divided into ten districts, and Berks, North- ampton, and Wayne comprised the Third District. In 1811 Schuyl- kill County was erected and included in the district, but it was cut off in 1816. In 1812 Lehigh County was erected and included in the district. In 1834 the State was divided into seventeen dis- tricts, and Berks, Lehigh, and Northampton comprised the Third District. The county of Berks was erected into a separate judicial dis- trict by the Act of 5 April, 1849, and called the Twenty third Dis- trict. It has since been a separate district, with this number in the judicial system. i^- In 1810 the associate judges were limited to two in number. The provision in reference to the tenure of office was modified by the Amended Constitution of 1838, whereby the term of president judges was fixed at ten years, and of associate judges at five years. JUDGES. 21 In 1850 an amendment to the Constitution was adopted which provided for the election of the judges for the terms mentioned. The first election was held in October, 1851. The office of Additional Law Judge was created by the Act of 15 April, 1869, for Berks County, with similar powers and term as those of President Judge. The office of Orphans' Court Judge was created for the county by the Act of 13 June, 1883, pursuant to the New Constitution ; and on 29 June following the Governor made the first appointment. His judicial powers are confined to matters which arise in the Orphans' Court, and the term of service is ten years. The office of Associate Judge was abolished by the New Constitu- tion, the incumbents to continue in office until their terras of service expired. Before 1874 county officials took their offices on the second Mon- day of December succeeding their election. The New Constitution provided that thereafter they should take their offices on the first Monday of January succeeding. PEESIDENT JUDGES. Name. Term. Jacob Kush 1791-1805 John Spayd 1806-09 Eobert Porter 1810-32 Garrick Mallery 1833-35 John Banks 1836-46 Name. Term. J. Pringle Jones 1847-48 ; 1851-61 David F. Gordon 1849-51 W. J. Woodward* .1861-71 ; 3871-74 Jer. Hagenmanf 1875-79; 1880— ADDITIONAL LAW JUDGES. Name. Term* Henry Van ReedJ 1869; 1875 Jeremiah Hagenman? 1869-74 Name. Tnrm. Augustus S. Sassaman 1876-8 ='' Warren J. Woodward was elected one of the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, on 3 November, 1874, for the term of twenty-one years. He took and held bis seat from January, 1S75, till his death on 23 September, 1879. f Jeremiah Hagenman succeeded Warren J. Woodward, by promotion, on 13 January, 1875, when he was sworn as Presideot Judge for the remainder of the term, ending 5 January, 1880, He was elected in November, 1879, for a term of ten years, X Heory Van Reed, a member of the county bar. was appointed on 13 July, 1869, by the Ouv- ernor, John W. Geary, to fill the office, and he held his seat till his succesaor, duly elected, was qualified, 6 December, 1S69. He was appointed a second time by the Governor, John F. Hart- ranft, on 12 January. 1873, to fill the vacancy in this office, caused by the promotion of Jeremiah Hagenman to the office of President Judge, until his successor, Augustus S. Sassaman, a mem- ber of the county bar, duly elected, was qualified on 2 Jannary, 1876, for ten years. 3 Jeremiah Hagenman was elected 12 October, 1869, to this oflice for ten years from 6 De- cember, 1869. He was {promoted to the office of President Judge, for the remainder of his teriu on 13 Jannary. 1875, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Warren J, Wosdward, who had been elected to the Supreme Bench. 22 COUNTY OF BERKS. ORPHANS COURT JUDGE. Hiram H. Schwartz * 1883— ASSOCIATE JUDGES. Name. Term. James Diemer 1791-181 9 George Ege 1791-1818 Matthias Eeichert 1791-97 Joseph Hiester 1791-94 Nicholas Lutz 1795-1806 Benjamin Morris 1798-1809 Gabriel Hiester 1819-23 Charles Shoemaker 1820-22 William Witman 1823-28 Jacob Schneider 1824-29 Matthias S. Richards 1829-45 William Darling 1830-38 William Adams 1839-42 Name. Term. John StaufiFer 1843-51 'William High 1846-50 Samuel Bell 1851 Daniel Young 1851-56 William Heidenreich 1851-56 David Schall 1856-66 George D. Stitzel 1856-66 Charles Kessler 1866-71 David Kutzt 1866-70 Henry Khoads 1870-71 George W. Bruckman 1871-76 Daniel Buskirk 1871-76 ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW. The office of Attorney-at-Lavp is not an elective one. It never was. But it has existed time out of mind. It began with the ad- ministration of justice. It is inseparable from it. The history of attorneys would be the history of the courts of judicature. They have always occupied a prominent place. Their prominence has resulted from energy well directed in behalf of the rights and prop- erty of mankind, and also in behalf as well of the establishment as of the development of principles regulative of associations in every department of life. A law was enacted in this State as early as 1710 in relation to this office. Then the justices were authorized to admit any attorn- ey or attorneys to plead in any of the established courts during good behavior. No provision was made as to the number or ability. In 1715, however, the authority of the justices was modified. They might admit " a competent number of persons, of honest disposition and learned in the Law, to practice as attorneys who shall behave themselves justly and faithfully in their practice." And in 1727 a provision was made requiring such persons before they were admitted to take the following oath : "Thou shalt behave thyself in the office of attorney within the court, according to the best of thy learning • Hiram H. Schwartz was appointed on 39 June, 1883, to serve in this office till the T Janu- ary, 1884. He was nominated tor the office, for the lull term, by the Democratic Convention in August, 1883. and elected in November following. t David Kutz having died in office 20 July, 1870, Henry Khoads was appointed by Gov. John W. Geary, on 3 August, 1870, for unexpired term ending 4 December, 1871. ATTORNEYS- AT-LAW. 23 and ability, and with all good fidelity as well to the court as to the client ; thou shalt use no falsehood, nor delay any person's cause for lucre or malice." And these qualifications have continued to this day. Since the adoption of the State and national constitutions they have qualified to support them. This last qualification is common to all statutory officers. The following attorneys resided in the county of Berks and prac- ticed in its several courts. The date after each name is the time of admission to practice. Name. Admitted. James Biddle. David Henderson. James Whitehead, Jr. Edward Biddle. Daniel Levan, Jr 11 Nov., 1769 Collinson Read 13 Aug., 1772 James Potts 1 Aug., 1773 Daniel Clymer 4 May, 1776 Alexander Graydon 14 May, 1779 Edward Scull 17 Aug., 1779 Nathaniel Potf! ..14 Aug., 1781 Jacob Hubley 14 Nov., 1786 George Eckert 19 Feb., 1787 James Scull 19 Feb., 1787 Joseph Hublev 14 Aug., 1787 John Spayd..." 14 Feb., 1788 Peter Hoofnagle 14 Feb., 1788 Marks John Biddle 9 Dec, 1788 Jacob E. Howell 11 Feb., 1789 Charles Evans 9 Aug., 1791 William Witman 20 Aug., 1793 Frederick Smith 4 Aug., 1795 Levi Pauling 18 Aug., 1796 Bird Wilson 14 May, 1798 Andrew Graff, Jr 9 April, 1798 John Hiester 6 Aug., 1798 William S. Biddle 2 June, 1801 Frederick John Haller...4 Nov., 1801 William Morris 9 Aug., 1804 Anthony Morris 6 Nov , 1804 Samuel D. Franks 10 Aug., 1805 James B. Hubley 4 April, 1809 John Spayd 2 April, 1810 Samuel Baird, Jr 10 April, 1810 William Morris, Jr 8 Nov., 1810 Thomas B. Smith 4 July, 1814 James Biddle 9 Aug., 1815 Francis S. Muhlenberg.. .8 May, 1816 Nathaniel P. Hobert 13 Jan., 1818 Charles Davis 4 Aug., 1818 Charles Whitman 9 Aug., 1818 William Darling 13 Nov., 1818 Edward B. Hubley 5 April, 1820 James L. Dunn 10 Nov., 1821 Admitted. W. 0. Leavenworth 18 Aug., Daniel J. Hiester 4 Aug., Lloyd Wharton 26 March, Lawrence S. Lardner....8 April, David F. Gordon 6 Aug., Thomas Morris 1 Nov., Wm. Fullerton Duncan. ,.3 Jan., David Evans 5 Jan., Henry W. Smith 5 Jan., John S. Wharton 4 March, Edward P. Pearson 23 May, Charles J. Jack 1 Aug., Robert M. Brook 2 Aug., John H. Sheetz 3 Aug., Joseph W. Roland 20 Aug., George M. Keim 11 Aug., Joseph H. Spayd 8 Nov., Philip Kendall 1 Jan., Elijah Deckert 4 Jan., Levi B. Smith 10 Jan., William M. Biddle 4 April, Jacob Hoffman 10 Nov., Robert M. Barr 3 Jan., Peter Filbert 6 Jan., .John Mayer 8 Jan., Henry Rhoads 3 April, William Strong 8 Nov., George S. Wharton 15 Aug., James Pauling 7 Nov., Francis Aurand. 13 Nov., William Betz 10 Jan., Geerge G. Barclay 10 April, Newton D. Strong 3 Aug., Augustus F. Boas 4 Aug., J. Pringle Jones 2 Nov., Anthony P. Miller 15 Aug., Franklin B. Schoener 3 Jan., John S. Richardi^ 4 April, Garrick Mallery 14 Aug., Dennis W. O'Brein 7 Aug., Jeremiah D. Bitting 8 Aug., Andrew M. Sallade 11 Aug., Jackson H. Sherman 7 Aug., William M. Hiester 7 Jan., 822 823 824 824 824 824 825 825 825 825 825 825 825 825 825 826 826 827 827 827 827 829 831 83i 831 832 832 832 833 833 834 835 835 835 835 836 837 837 837 838 838 838 839 840 24 COUNTY OF BERKS. ATTOENEYS-AT Name. Admi' Peter Shearer 7 April, Matthias Mengel 8 April, George E. Liidwig 3 Nov., James Donagan 22 Dec, Samuel Sohl 5 April, Jeremiah Hagenman....? April, J. Dundas Biddle 17 May, Charles Wierman 17 May, George W. Arms 8 March, John K. Longnecker 6 Nov., Henry Van Reed 5 April, William M. Baird 12 April, Henry A. Muhlenberg.. ..5 July, Isaac High Keira 5 July, Franklin B. Miller 14 Dec, Jacob S. Livingood 7 Jan., J. Glancy Jones 7 Jan., Silas E. Buzard 8 April, Edward W. Scudder 4 Aug., Edward M. Clymer 4 Aug., J. Bowman Bell 5 Jan., J. Lawrence Getz 6 Aug., William B. Schoener...l5 Aug., J. De Puy Davis 5 Jan., James May Jones 5 Jan., John Banks 7 April, Samuel L. Young 10 Aug., A. Lucius Hennershotz..ll Nov., J. Biddle Gordon 6 Jan., James A. Banks 21 Feb., J. Bright Smith 5 April, William F. Filbert 9 Aug., A. Jordan Swartz 28 Sept., Joel B. Wanner 13 Jan., Jacob M. Sallade 6 April, John A. Banks 6 April, Hiester Clymer 6 April, Charles B. Weaver 8 Nov., Jacob K. McKenty 7 April, Henry C. Kutz 24 April, Wm. Edmund Banks...25 April, Wm. S. Marx ."...4 Aug., Albert G. Green 11 Nov., Edmund L. Smith 11 Nov., George DeB. Keim 8 April, Charles K. Robeson 8 April, E. R. Zimmerman 8 April, Carl O. Wagner 5 Nov., Michael P. Boyer 8 Aug., Wharton Morris 15 Nov., Frederick L. Smith 10 Nov., Amos B. Wanner 12 Jan., B.Frank Boyer 15 March, Daniel E. Clymer 20 Aug., James B. Bechtel 14 April, William K. Loose 14 April, ;ed. 840 840 840 841 842 842 842 842 843 843 844 844 844 844 844 845 845 845 845 845 846 846 846 847 847 847 847 847 848 848 848 848 848 849 849 849 849 850 851 851 851 851 851 851 852 852 852 852 853 854 855 857 857 857 857 858 LAW.— (Continued.) Name. Admitted. Chas. Ph. Muhlenberg.. .8 Nov., 1859 Daniel Ermentrout 3 Aug., 1859 Wm. H. Livingood 19 Jan., 1860 Hiram H. Schwartz 14 July, 1860 Jesse G. Hawley 20 Sept., 1860 Thomas S. Brenholtz....20 Sept., 1860 J. George Seltzer 5 Feb., 1861 Abner K. Stauffer 15 April, 1861 Edward H. Shearer 15 April, 1861 John Ralston 14 Aug., 1862 Frank. B. Schmucker...25 Aug., 1862 William P. Bard 9 Feb., 1863 Charles Henry Jones. ..14 April, 1863 Richmond L. Jones 14 April, 1863 Daniel E. Schroeder... 23 April, 1868 Charles A. Leopold 23 April, 1863 J. Warren Tryon 14 Nov., 1863 J. Howard Jacobs 14 Nov., 1863 Augustus S. Sassaman 9 Jan., 1864 Israel C. Becker 28 Jan., 1864 Francis M. Banks 21 May, 1864 Horace A. Yundt 9 Aug., 1864 Charles H. Schaeffer 9 Aug., 1864 Franklin B. Laucks 13 Aug., 1864 William M. Goodman ..13 Aug., 1864 Edwin Shalter 13 Aug., 1864 Louis Richards 16 Jan., 1865 Irenseus Shalter 16 Jan., 1865 J. Ross Miller ,7 Aug., 1865 J. Dallas Schooner 7 Aug., 1865 Henry May Keim 7 Aug., 1865 Harrison Maltzberger....7 Aug., 1865 Peter D. Wanner 4 Nov., 1865 Llewellyn Wanner Aug., 1866 William M. Rightmyer..21 Jan., 1867 George M. Ermentrout..27 Nov., 1867 James N. Ermentrout...27 Nov., 1867 Geo. F. Baer 22 Jan., 1868 Chas. F. Evans 28 April, 1868 T. H. Garrigues 10 Aug., 1868 Ben. B. Laucks 11 Jan., 1869 H. Willis Bland 12 April, 1869 Henry C. G. Eeber 12 April, 1869 Cyrus G. Derr 12 Aug., 1870 Wm. L. Guinther 14 Nov., 1870 Morton L. Montgomery. .28 Aug., 1871 Garrett B. Stevens 12 Aug., 1872 Horace Roland 12 Aug., 1872 Edgar M. Levan 17 Aug., 1872 Frank R. Schell 16 Sept., 1872 Edwin White Moore ...30 Sept., 1872 James A. O'Reilly 13 Jan., 1873 Stephen M. Meredith... 11 Aug., 1873 Dan'l H. Wingerd 29 Sept., 1873 Hiram Y. Kaufman 9 Nov., 1874 John C. K. Heine 12 April, 1875 DISTEICT ATTORNEYS. 25 ATTORNEYS- AT-L AW— (Concluded. ) Name. Admitted. B. Frank Dettra 12 April, 1875 B. F. Y. Shearer 12 April, 1875 C. H. Buhl 15 April, 1875 B, F. McAtee 15 April, 1875 Jno. P. Smith 9 Aug., 1875 Jefferson Snyder 9 Aug., 1875 John B. Dampman 8 Nov., 1875 Henry A. Muhlenberg... 8 Nov., 1875 Daniel B. Young 10 Jan., 1876 Adam H. Schmehl 10 Jan., 1876 Edwin B. Wiegand 18 Jan., 1876 Wesley D. Horning 17 April, 1876 Gustav A Endlich 12 Nov., 1877 Simon P. O'Keilly 14 Jan., 1877 Wayne Havman 14 Jan., 1877 Henry A. Zieber 10 April, 1878 Isaac Hiester 13 Aug., 1878 J. H. Marx 13 Aug., 1878 Jeremiah K. Grant 11 Nov., 1878 Walter B. Craig 12 Nov., 1878 D. Nicholas Schaeffer ...12 Nov., 1878 M. Brayton McKnight..l2 Nov., 1878 Israel C. Becker 12 Dec, 1878 Daniel G. Guldin 20 Jan., 1879 Admitted. Warren Woodward 20 Jan., 1879 Chas. P. Sherman 11 Aug., 1879 Frank S. Livingood 11 Aug., 1879 John W. Apple 11 Aug., 1879 Henry D. Green 10 Nov., 1879 William 0. Heacock...l2 April, 1880 William O. Miller 12 April, 1880 Chas. M. Plank 22 Nov., 1880 William J. Eourke 22 Nov., 1880 Albert E. Heilig 22 Nov., 1880 Alonzo E. Beam 22 Nov., 1880 Geo. F. Hagenman 24 Jan., 1881 Israel H. Ilothermel...20 Aug., 1881 John H. Rothermel 20 Aug., 1881 Daniel F. Westley 14 Nov,, 1881 Charles C. Kehr. 14 Nov., 1881 Henry Maltzberger 14 Nov., 1881 George J. Gross, Jr 14 Nov., 1881 Henry O. Schrader 13 Nov., 1882 I. Comley Fetter 13 Nov., 1882 James B. Baker 13 Nov., 1882 Adam B Eieser 13 Nov., 1882 Ellwood H. Deysher....l3 Nov., 1882 DISTEICT ATTOENEYS. The office of District Attorney was created by Act of 3 May, 1850, and made elective, with a term of three years. Previously the Attorney-General of the State appointed an attorney in the several counties to represent the Commonwealth in the prosecution of criminal cases. The Act of 1850 required a residence of one year in the county and a practice of two years at the bar; but the latter was reduced to one year by the Act of 1852. Name. Term. Jacob Hubley 1789-1817 Frederick Smith. ..1818-20; 1824-27 Charles Eichards 1821 Daniel J. Hiester 1822-23 Joseph H. Spayd 1828-29 Joseph D. Biles 1830-31 Alexander L. King 1832-35 George G. Barclay 1836-38 J. Pringle Jones 1839-46 Peter Filbert 1847-48 John S. Eichards 1849-50 Name. Term. Jeremiah Hagenman 1850-56 Jacob K. MoKenty 1856-59 James B. Bechtel 1859-62 Daniel Ermentrout 1862-65 Wharton Morris 1865-68 Edward H. Shearer 1868-71 Peter D. Wanner 1871-74 Henry C. G. Eeber 1875-77 William M. Goodman 1878-80 Hiram Y. Kauffman 1881-83 Israel H. Eothermel* 1884 * Nominated at the Democratic Convention in Angust, 1883, and elected in Novem|)er follOYring, 4 Name. Term. Lawrence P. Kessler 1883— 26 COUNTY OF BERKS. SPECIAL DETECTIVES. An Act -was passed 19 May, 1874, which provided for the ap- pointment of a Special Detective Officer in the several counties of the State, by the District Attorney, with the approval of the Court of Quarter Sessions. The first appointment was made in February, 1875. The officers were : Name. Term. William L. Graul 1875-77 John Denhard* 1878-83 COMMISSIONERS AND AUDITORS. ■ The Board of County Commissioners comprises three members. Previous to 1875, one was elected annually for three years. The New Constitution of 1873 provided for the election of the three Commissioners in 1875 and every third year thereafter. The Board of County Auditors also comprises three members. Previous to 1809 they were appointed by the County Judges. An Act was passed 16 March, 1809, providing for the annual election thereafter of three Auditors. In 1814 this provision was modified so that a new Auditor was introduced into the board annually there- after. This practice prevailed till the New Constitution of 1873, which provided for the election of three Auditors in 1876 and every third year thereafter. In respect to both Commissioners and Auditors, "each qualified elector shall vote for no more than two persons, and the three per- sons having the highest number of votes shall be elected."f This was a marked departure from the old system, by which all of one political party were elected. It enabled the opposite party to elect one member. Since 1875 these officers have been elected — two by the Democrats and one by the Republicans. COMMISSIONERS. Name. Term, Evan Price 1752-53 Edward Drury 1752-56 John Godfrey 1752-61 Jacob Lightfoot 1753-56; 1759-62 Thomas Rutter 1756-59 William Reeser 1757-60 Samuel High 1760-63; 1773-76 Christian Witman 1761-64 John Hughes 1762-65 Name. Term. Fred'k Weiser 1763-66 Richard Lewis 1764-67 Isaac Levan 1765-68 Nicholas Harmony 1766-69 Christian Merlcel 1767-70 Jacob Snyder 1769-71 John Jones 1769-72 Henry Eightmeyer 1770-73 Davis Brecht 1771-74 * .John Denhard was appointed for a second term. 1881-83 ; but he was elected to the office of Alderman of the JSighth Ward, Reading, in May, 1883, when he resigned, and Lawrence P. Ress- ler was appointed for the unexpired term. t Constitution of 18T3, Art. XIV., Sec. 7. COMMISSIONERS. 27 COMMISSIONERS— (Concluded.) Name. Term. Abraham Lincoln 1772-78 Michael Brecht 1774-77 Christian Lower i. 1776-79 JohnKerlin 1777-80 Adam Witman 1778-81; 1784-87 Thomas Jones 1779-82 ; 1783-86 Thomas Parry 1780-83 Daniel Messersmilh 1781-84 Michael Forry 1782-85 Conrad Eckert 1785-91 Daniel Leinbach 1786-89 John Keim 1787-90 Jacob Boyer 1789-92 Jacob Bower 1790-93 John Eiegel 1791-94 George Lorah 1792-95 Philip Miller 1793-96 Peter Kershner 1794-97 William Witman 1795-98 Nicholas Dick 1796-99 Isaac Adams 1797-1800 Jacob Rhoads 1798-1801 Peter Feather 1799-1802 Jacob Epler 1800-03 Casper Merkel 1801-04 John Cunnius 1802-05 Daniel Yoder 1803-06 Adam Euth 1804-07 Henry Hahn 1805-08 Henry Hottenstein 1806-09 Nicholas Leib 1807-10 Jacob MHler 1808-11 Valentine Boyer 1809-12 Daniel Ruth 1810-13 George Boyer 1811-14 Jacob Gehr 1812-15 William Adams 1813-16 George Shreffler 1814-17 Daniel Levan 1815-18 William High 1816-19 Peter Stichter 1817-20 George N. Lechner 1818-21 Peter Knabb 1819-22 David Bright.... 1820-23 George Kemp 1821-24 Fred'k Stamm 1822-25 Henry Reeaer 1823-26 John Wanner 1824-27 John Potteiger 1825-28 John Hahn..... 1826-29 Stanley Kirby 1827-30 George Gernant 1828-31 Anthony Bickel 1829-32 Daniel K. Hottenstein 1830-33 John Filbert 1831-34 Jacob Goodman 1832-35 Daniel Snyder 1833-36 John Deysher 1834-37 John Y. Cunnius 1835-38 John Seibert 1836-39 David Kutz 1837-40 Michael Beifsny der 1 838-41 George Weiler 1839-42 John Long 1840-43 William Arnold, 1841-44 John Sharman 1842-45 Adam Leize 1843-46 Fred'k Printz 1844-47 Michael Gery 1845-48 David Yoder 1846-49 Charles Fichthorn 1847-50 Conrad Clouse 1848-51 Thomas Shaner 1849-52 Joseph A. Schneider 1850-53 John McGowan 1851-54 Benjamin Kutz 1852-55 Jacob Young 1853-56 Gabriel Filbert 1854-57 William Knabb 1855-58 Samuel Summons 1856-59 D. L. Wenrich 1857-60; 1863-66 William Miller 1858-61 John F. Moers 1859-62 Paul Wenrich, Sr 1860-63 J. Donahower 1861 George K. Lorah 1861-64 H. R. Hawman 1862-65 Adam Stein 1864-67 Wm. S. Young 1865-71; 1879-81 Jacob Schartel 1866-69 Benjamin Levan 1867-70 John L. Mover 1869-72 William Rahn 1870-73 Joseph Muthart* 1871-74 David Lord 1872-76 Henry Seidel 1873-74 William Fry 1873-75 William Umbenhauer 1 874-75 Henry W. Smith 1876-78 William Davidheiser 1876-78 William G. Moore 1876-78 John Walborn 1879-81 Jeremiah R. Guldin 1879-81 Samuel G. Hatfield 1882-84 Peter Spang 1882-84 David C. Keller 1882-84 * Muthart died in April, 1873, and Seidel was appointed to fill vacancy for unexpired term. 28 COUNTY OF BERKS. AUDITOKS. Name. Thomas Lightfoot..l797-98 ; 1803-05 William Moore...l797-1800 ; 1803-08 John Bishop 1797-98 PaulGroscup 1799-1800 Jacob Bower 1799-1800 William Green 1801-02 William Bell 1801-02; 1806-08 George De B. Keim.... 1801-02; 1809 James May 1803-05 JohnWitman 18"06-08 Lewis Beeser 1809 Fred'kFrick 1809 John Bieber 1810 George Boyer 1810-11 Daniel Yoder 1810 Christopher Shearer 1811 ; 1817-19 John S. Hiester 1811 George Lorah 1812 Philip Moyer 1812 John Adams 1812 Henry M. Richards 1813-16 William Adams 1813-14 Peter Trexler 1813 Abraham Mengel 1814-17 William High 1815-18; 1835-38 Peter High 1817-20 Peter Sheetz 1818-21 George Getz 1819-22 Jacob Dick 1820-23 Geo. U.Odenheimer 1821-24 Jacob Schneider 1822-25 Peter Adams 1823-26 Henry S. Klein 1824-27 Elijah Dechert 1825-28 John S. Pearson 1826-29 John Beitenman 1827-30 Bimon Seyfert 1828-31 John Jackson 1829-32 John Seltzer 1830-33 John M. Keim 1831-34 Daniel V. B. Hunter...l832 ; 1839-42 Name. Term. Thomas Wanner 1833-35 Jacob Klein, 1833-36 Jacob Fricker 1834-37 Daniel Young 1836-39 William Wunder ...1837-39 John L. Bightmyer 1838-41 H. H. Muhlenberg 1839-40 John F. Moers 1840-43 ; 1 852-58 Jacob K. Boyer 1841-44 David Schall 1842-45 John L. Reifsnyder 1843-46 Chas. H. Adams 1844-50 Jacob Dick 1845-48 Michael Kraemer..l846-49 ; 1864-67 Paul Geiger 1848-51 John Y. Cunnius 1849-52 Charles J. Cummens 1850-56 Daniel Laucks 1851-54 Keuben R. Kline 1854-57 Samuel M. Klee 1856-62 Amos K. Strunok 1857-60 Henry F. Felix 1858-61 William Steffe 1860-63 Joseph S. Hoyer 1861-64 Ezra D. Yorgey 1862-65 Andrew Kurr 1863-69 John G. Glase 1865-68 James Bell 1867-70 Peter S. Albright 1868-71 William Y. Shearer 1869-72 Daniel G. Knabb 1870-75 Henry H. Dubson 1871-74 Harrison M. Reber.1872-75 ; 1876-78 Wm. H. Sallade 1875; 1876-78 Henry Z. Van Reed 1876-78 Jacob D. Hoffman 1879-81 Charles S. Tobias 1879-81 William H. Clark 1879-81 Isaac S. Bagenstose 1882-84 Jacob S. Yoder 1882-84 James M. High 1882-84 TREASURERS. Previous to 1841 the County Treasurer was appointed annually by the County Commissioners. On 27 May, 1841, an Act was passed providing for the election of this oflBcer in October follow- ing and every two years thereafter. The Constitution of 1873 in- creased the term to three years after 1875. TEEASUEERS — SHERIFFS. 29 Name. Term. Jonas Seely 1752-68 Christopher Witman i768-79 Daniel Levan 1779-89 Daniel Messersmith 1789-1807 ; 1809-11; 1814-17 John K. Messersmith 1807-09; 1811-14; 1817-20 Daniel Bhoads 1820-23 David Bright 1823-35 Peter Nagle 1835-43 Henry Nagle 1843-45 William Arnold 1845-47 Henry Hahs 1847^9 Adam Leize 1849-51 Name. Term. William Ermentrout 1851-53 Charles Van Eeed 1853-55 George Feather 1855-59 David Plank 1859-61 William Herbst 1861-63 John Kurtz 1863-65 Isaac E. Fisher 1865-67 Charles H. Fritz 1867-69 Samuel Merkel 1869-71 Abraham Y. Yoder 1871-73 Hiester M. Nagle 1873-75 Abraham H. Schaeffer 1876-78 Adam M. Dundore 1879-81 John Kerschner 1882-84 SHERIFFS. The Duke of Yorke's Laws, introduced into Pennsylvania 22 Sep- tember, 1676, provided for the nomination, by the Justices of the county, of three persons within their jurisdiction, out of which the Governor should make choice of one to be Sheriff for the year en- suing. By virtue of his office the Sheriff was then a Justice of the Peace. In the Frame of Government, prepared by William Penn for the Province in 1682, it was provided that the freemen of the counties should annually elect and present to the Governor a double num- ber of persons to serve for Sheriff, Justices, and Coroner for the year next ensuing, out of which the Governor should nominate and com- mission the proper number for each office. After the erection of the county the first appointments of Sheriff and Coroner were made 4 October, 1762. The Constitution of 1790 provided for a similar election and ap- pointment of Sheriff and Coroner ; but the term of service was in- creased to three years, and no person was to be twice appointed Sheriff in any term of six years. The Constitution of 1838 pro- vided that one person for said offices respectively should be elected by the people for the term of three years. And these offices have thence been so filled. Name. Term. Benjamin Lightf6ot..l752-54; 1757-58 William Boone 1755-56 Jacob Weaver 1759-60 ; 1763-64 Henry Christ 1761-62 Jasper Scull 1765-67 Jacob Shoemaker 1768-70 George Nagle 1771-73 Henry Vanderslice 1774-76 Name. Term. Daniel Levan 1777-79 Henry Hoffa 1780-81 Philip Kraemer 1782-84; 1791-93 Peter Filbert 1785-87 Jacob Bower 1788-90 Peter Frailey 1794-96 John Christ 1797-99 Nicholas Dick 1800-02 30 COUNTY OF BEKKS. SHERIFFS— (Concluded.) Name. Term. John Spycker 1803-05 Conrad Feger 1806-08 George Marx 1809-11 Daniel Kerper 1812-14; 1824-26 Peter Aurand 1815-17 John Miller 1818-20 Henry Betz 1821-23 John Bickel .1827-29 James Sillyman 1830-32 Henry Bowman 1833-35 George Fox 1836-38 Henry Binkley 1838-41 Daniel Esterley 1841-44 George Gernant 1844r-47 John S. Schroeder 1847-50 John Potteiger 1850-53 John Manderbach 1853-56 Henry H. Manderbach 1856-^9 Jeremiah D. Bitting 1859-62 Abraham B. Koenig 1862-65 Tobias Barto 1865-68 William B. Albright 1868-71 EvanMishler 1871-74 George K. Yorgey 1875-77 Alfred C. Kemp 1878-80 Levi M. Gerhart 1881-83 George D. Boyer* 1884^ COEONEES. Name. Term. William Boone 1752-54 Benjamin Parvin 1755 — John Warren 1759 Jacob Kern 1760-61 Adam Witman 1762 Samuel Weiser 1763-65 Christopher Witman 1766 Henry Haller 1767 Jas. Whitehead, Jr...l768-69; 1779-80 Samuel Jackson 1770 Isaac Levan, Jr 1771-72 Peter Brecht 1773-75 Philip Kreamer 1776-78 Peter Nagle 1781-87 Peter Feather 1788-93 Thomas Wildbahn 1794-99 Term. Peter Aurand 1800-02 Daniel Kerper 1803-05 Henry Rieser 1806-11 J. Christian 1812-14 Samuel Feather 1S15-17 ; 1821-29 Samuel Bitter 1818-20 Adam Eeitmyer 1830-32 John Hahn ' 1833-34 John FOX..1835-37; 1859-64; 1868-76 William Stable 1838-49 John H. Seltzer 1850-52 William Keen 1853-58 Henry Palm 1865-67 Geo. S. Goodhart 1877-79 William H. Kelly 1880-82 Henry D. Schoedler 1883-85 PEOTHONOTARY, EECOEDEE, EEGISTEE, CLERK OP OR- PHANS' COURT, AND CLERK OF QUARTER SESSIONS. The several oiBces named were created with the county courts. Immediately after the erection of Berks County they were estab- lished at Reading, the county town, and filled by appointment of the Governor. The Amended Constitution of 1838 changed the manner of filling the offices named from appointment by Governor to election by the people ; and the Act of 2 Jiily, 1839, passed in pursuance thereof, fixed the term of oiBce at three years. The first officers were elected in October, 1839. No change has been made since. From this time the terms of the officers began on the first day of December following their election till the adoption of * Nominated in August, 1883, by Democratic Conyention, and elected in November following. PROTHONOTARIES — EECOEDEES — REGISTERS. 31 the New Constitution, when the time was changed to the first Mon- day of January following their election. This change included also the other county officers. PROTHONOTAEIES. Name. James Read 1752-75; 1777 Thomas Dundas 1776 Jacob Shoemaker 1778 Daniel Levan 1779-89; 1791 John Otto 1790 George Eckert 1792-1800 John S. Hiester 1801-08 Gabriel Hiester, Jr 1809-17 Samuel D. Franks 1818 John Adams 1819-20; 1824^26; 1830-35 Marks John Biddle 1821-23 Jacob Sallade 1827-29 Alex. H. Witman 1836-38 Benj. Tyson 1839-42 Name Term. Daniel Young 1842-45 Peter Strohecker 1845-48 Michael K. Boyer 1848-51 Charles H. Hunter 1851-54 Josiah Hearing 1854-57 David Fister 1857-60 Adam W. Kauffman 1860-63 Jonathan L. Eeber 1863-66 Wellington B. Griesemer 1866-69 George K. Levan 1869-72 Ephraim Armstrong 1872-75 Charles F. Eentschler 1876-78 Amos Weiler 1879-81 William D. Althouse 1882-84 BECORDEES. Name. Term. James Bead 1752-76 Henry Christ 1777-89 John Christ 1790-91 Jacob Bower 1792-99 Peter Frailey 1800-08 Jacob Schneider 1809-17 John Adams 1818 Daniel Rhoads 1819-20 John Miller 1821-23; 1830-35 John Fred'k Smith 1824^29 Joseph Allgaier 1836-38 John Green 1839 William Wunder 1839-42 Henry H. Maurer 1842-45 Term. John W.Tyson 1845-48 Israel E. Laucks 1848-51 John Bush 1851-54 Hiram S. Getz 1854-57 Nicholas Heckman 1857-60 Charles N. Keller 1860-63 Isaac Laucks 1863-66 Henry Reider 1866-69 Daniel Hummel 1869-72 Charles Hill 1872-75 Jefferson M. Keller 1876-78 William Zimmerman 1879-81 Isaac M. Bechtel 1882-84 BEGISTEBS. Name. Term. James Bead 1752-74 CoUinson Bead. 1775-76 Henry Christ 1777-89 John Christ 1790-91 Jacob Bower 1792-99 Peter Frailey 1800-08 Jacob Schneider 1809-17 Daniel Bhoads 1818-20 ; 1824-29 Peter Aurand 1821-23 George Smith 1830-35 William Zieber 1836-38 Joel Bitter 1839-42 John Green 1842-45 Term. Isaac Ely 1845-48 Joseph Bitter 1848-51 Jacob Snell 1851-54 Daniel Buskirk 1854-57 Tobias Barto 1857-60 Benjamin E. Drv..... 1860-63 Michael 8. Thirwechter 1863-66 J. Daniel Wanner 1866-69 Hiram S. Getz 1869-72 Henry C. Croll 1872-75 Peter Y. Edelman 1876-78 Solomon S. Kindt 1879-81 Jonas M. Shollenberger 1882-84 32 COUNTY OF BERKS. CLERKS OF THE ORPHANS' COURT. Name. James Read 1752-76 Henry Christ 1777-88 James Scull 1789-91 Jacob Bower 1792-99 Peter Frailey 1800-09 John M. Hyneman 1810-15 John Adams 1816-17 William Schoener 1818-22 Matthias S. Richards 1823 Jacob Sallade 1824-26; 1830-31 Nathaniel P. Hobert 1827-29 Jacob Marshall 1832-35 Henry Rhoads 1836-38 William H. Miller 1839-41 James Donagan 1842 William Shearer 1842-45 Zacharias H. Maurer 1845-48 William W. Diehl 1848-51 Charles J. Wink 1851-54 Daniel Potteiger 1854^57 Ephraim Fritz 1857-60 Daniel Hahn 1860-63 Solomon Close 1863-66 Levi H. Liess 1866-69 Mahlon F. Wolff. 1869-72 Isaac K. Knoll 1872-75 Charles M. Clouse '. 1876-78 Ephraim Dunkle 1879-81 William H. Gilmer* 1882-83 CLERKS OF QUARTER SESSIONS. Name. Term. James Read 1752-76 James Whitehead 1777-78 Henry Christ 1779 Daniel Levan 1780-91 George Eckert 1792-99 John S. Hiester 1800-08 Gabriel Hiester, Jr..l809-]2; 1814-17 John M. Hyneman 1813 Samuel D. Franks 1818 John Adams 1819-20 Henry M. Richards 1821-22 Jacob Marshall 1823 Jacob Sallade 1824-26 Nathaniel P. Hobert 1827-29 Philip A. Good; 1830-32 William Schoener 1833-35 Term. Charles Troxell 1836-38 William H. Miller 1839 Samuel Myers 1839-42 John L. Rightmyer 1842-51 Zacharias H. Maurer 1851-54 Edwin H. Brockway 1854^57 Joseph S. Hoyer 1857-60 James Bell 1860-63 Francis Roland 1863-66 Levi M. Gerhart 1866-69 Adam H. Sailor 1869-72 Jacob H. Hain 1872-75 Mahlon A. Sellers 1876-78 Enoch S. Matthias 1879-81 Isaac Eckert 1882-84 SURVEYORS. The office of Surveyor-General of the State was created 9 April, 1781 ; and the officer was then empowered to appoint a deputy or deputies in any county of the State. The first appointment of a Deputy-Surveyor for Berks County was made in 1800. One deputy was appointed from that time to 1834, when two deputies were ap- pointed. The appointment of two was continued till the passage of the Act of 9 April, 1850, which provided for the election of a County Surveyor in October following for the term of three years, and every third year thereafter. Since 1860 this officer has been elected by the people. * Upon the establishment of a separate Orphans' Court, in 1883, this officer was discontinued, and the Register became the Clerk, as provided by law. SURVEYORS — POOR DIRECTORS. 33 Name. Term. Joseph Hoch 1800-13 John M. Hvneman 1814-22 Matthias S. RichardB 1823-34 Daniel A. Bertolette 1835-37 Thomas H. Jones 1837-38 Aaron Albright 1838 Michael K. Boyer 1839-44 Benjamin Belong 1839-40 Name. Term, Daniel J. Wanner 1841-47 Daniel Potteiger 1845-50 Samuel Hoffman 1848-50 Augustus F. Bertolet 1850-56 Andrew Kurr 1856-62 Daniel S. Zacharias.... 1862-77 ; 1881 Henry C. Zacharias 1877-80 Solomon K. Dreibelbis 1882-84 POOR DIEECTORS. Previous to 1809, "Overseers" of the poor were appointed by the Justices of the county. On 11 March, 1809, an Act was passed authorizing the election of the Overseers annually. The poor of the county were provided for by Overseers till the passage of an Act of Assembly on 29 March, 1824, especially for Berks County, whereby the County Commissioners were authorized to levy a tax for the purpose of purchasing land and erecting thereon and furnishing necessary buildings for the employment and support of the poor of the county ; and seven Directors were appointed to proceed in the establishment of the institution. At the following election, in Oc- tober of that year, three Directors were elected in pursuance of the Act — one for one year, one for two years, and one for three years ; and annually after said election one Director was elected for three years. This law has mot been altered. The Directors appointed a Steward and other officers annually, to superintend and carry on the management of the institution successfully. The Board organ- izes annually on third Monday of November. The first seven Directors named were appointed by the Act to serve till the election of three Directors as required : John Ritter, Jacob Mast, David Bright, Abraham Knabb, John Beitenman 1824-25 Daniel K. Hottenstein 1824-26 David Bright 1824-27 George Gemant 1825-28 John Levan 1826-29 George Boyer 1827-30 David Ludwig 1828-31 David Deysher 1829-32 Henry Reeser 1830-33; 1835-36 Daniel Oyster 1831-34 Joseph Schmucker 1832-35 John Bickel 1833-35 Jacob Gilbert 1834r-37 John Beitenman, Samuel Adams, .John Wanner. Name. Term. John Filbert 1835-38 Henry Schooner 1836-39 Daniel Kauffman 1837-38 William Fisher 1838-40 Peter Fister 1838-41 Abraham Kerper 1839-42 John Shollenberger 1 840-43' Jacob W. Seitzinger 1841-44 Abraham Kerper 1842-45 Daniel Baum 1843-45 William Bertolet 1844r47 John Dotterer 1845-46 Michael Nunnemacher 1845-48 34 COUNTY OF BERKS. Name. Term. John Gernant 1846-49 Daniel Sohl 1847-48 Conrad Eeber 1848-49 Jacob S. Ebling 1848-51 Peter Kershner 1849-53 William Knabb 1849-52 William Arnold 1850-57 William Lorah 1852-55 John Eichards 1853-56 John E. Edelman 1855-58 George K. Haag 1856-59 Jacob Malsberger 1857-60 Samuel Shaner 1858-61 Samuel Filbert 1859-62 Aaron Getz 1860-66 E. P. Drumheller 1861-64 Peter Marshall 1862-65 Ezra Z. Griesemer 1863-67 George Lash 1865-68 Name. Term. Joseph Muthart 1866-69 Silas W. Fisher 1867-70 Daniel B. Lorah 1868-71 Jacob B. Mast 1869-72 Daniel Y. Peter 1870-73 Henry Ammon 1871-74 Michael Goodman 1872-75 Samuel Strunk 1873-76 Isaac Y. Beidler 1874r-77 George Heckman 1875-78 John Herbein 1876-79 Mahlon Vogelman 1877-80 Francis Eoland 1878-81 John H. Bauer 1879-82 EliasObold 1880-83 Elias Bickel 1881-84 Henry Shearer 1882-85 John P. P. Marshall* 1883— STEWAEDS. Name. Term. Abraham Knabb 1825-32 Henry Boyer 1833-37 Marshall B. Campbell 1838 Daniel Kauffman 1839-45 Daniel Baum 1846-48 Daniel Sohl 1849-52 Name. Term. Jacob Conrad 1853-68 Philip Eagle 1869-70 Silas W. Fisher 1870-77 Benjamin Anderson 1878-82 Eeuben Hetrich 1883— MEECANTILE APPEAISEES. Previous to 1846 only dealers in foreign merchandise were re- quired to take out a county license to enable them to make sale thereof. But on 22 April, 1846, an Act was passed requiring all dealers in goods, wares, and merchandise to take out a county license, and thereby the County Commissioners of each county were em- powered to appoint annually a Mercantile Appraiser, who was di- rected to assess and classify all dealers, and furnish a list of them to the County Treasurer. From 1830 till this Act was passed the Constables of the townships, &c., of the county furnished under oath a list of the foreign dealers to the Clerk of the Quarter Ses- sions, and the Associate Judges and County Commissioners classi- fied them and delivered a list to the County TreaSVirer. Before 1830, the foreign dealers were returned by the Constables to the Clerk of the Court of Quarter Sessions ; the Clerk certified the re- turns to the State Treasurer, who forwarded a list to the County Treasurer for the collection of the license fees. * Nominated by Democratic ConTention in August, 1883, for full term. SEALEES OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 35 In Berks County the Constables still made their returns for the years 1846 and 1847. The County Commissioners made the first appointment for 1848. Name. Term. Mahlon Bertolet 1848 William Karns 1849-51 Adam Leiss.... 1852 Solomon Klohs 1853 J. H. Kelly 1854 Isaac S. Hottenstein 1855 Ephraim Fritz 1856 Daniel S. Kutz 1857 George K. Lorah 1858 Albert C. Henry 1859 Henry Reider 1860 Franklin S. Ludwig 1861 Henry E. Hawman 1862 Elias Filbert 1863 David Lord 1864 Caspar Eeifsnyder 1865 Williani H. Kelly 1866 Name. Term. Andrew S. Strassbnrger 1867 Joseph Harvey 1868 John C.Eeed 1869 Alfred Dreibelbis 1870 Charles Hill 1871 Aaron Snyder 1872 Charles Hottenstein 1873 Abraham Schaeifer 1874 Henry F. Bush 1875 Jonathan L. Ehoada 1876 Michael Seltzer .1877 Benjamin Klahr 1878 Morris Guldin 1879 Edward Schmeltzer 1880 WilHam A. Young 1881 Levi J. Fisher 1882 George M. Fryermuth 1883 SEALEES OF WEIGHTS AND MEASUEES. In 1834 a law was enacted which required the Governor to fur- nish the County Commissioners of each county with standards of weights and measures, which were to be used for the purpose of ad- justing weights and measures ; and these standards were to be ex- amined, and, if necessary, corrected at least once in every ten years. The standards as required were furnished to the County Commissioners, and deposited in the court-house for the purpose in- tended. But there was no provision for an officer whose duty it was to test all weights and measures. In 1846 this discrepancy was supplied by an Act passed on 15 April. It authorized the Governor to appoint a Sealer of Weights and Measures for such re- spective counties of the State as should apply for and obtain copies of the standards, as provided in this Act, for the term of three years. And it was made the duty of the Sealer " at least once in every year to go to stores, houses, stalls, and officers of the makers, venders, or proprietors of beams, scales, weights, and measures within the county, and try and adjust all beams, scales, weights, and measures, and seal the same with the initials of his last or surname, and the current year." Under this law the first appointment was made on 16 June, 1853. This office, however, became burden- some and oflTensive to the people of the county, and accordingly they, with the people of seven other counties of the State — Bucks, 36 COUNTT OF BERKS. Dauphin, Lancaster, Lehigh, Montgomery, Franklin, and West- moreland — who felt similarly burdened and offended, effected the passage of a Special Act on 22 March, 1859, whereby the oiBce within the counties named was abolished. After the lapse of eight- eeii years thereafter it would seem that the weights and measures of this county, as well as other counties of the State, needed the test of the standards. So they were brought to the notice of the people again by the passage of a general law on 4 April, 1877. By it the Governor was authorized to appoint one person as Sealer, in the several counties where no such oflSce existed, for the term of three years. The first appointment under this law was made 30 April, 1877. And strangely enough, as previously, the office only sur- vived six years, and was again abolished, an Act for this purpose having been passed on 8 March, 1883. The standards are, there- fore, not carried around throughout the whole county to remind the dealers and storekeepers that they must at least give true measure, if not good, pressed down, and running over. The Market Com- missioner of Reading, who visits the markets under the city ordi- nance, is the only tester now with the standards. The Sealers were: Name. Term. Michael S. Thirwechter 1853-54 Solomon Spohn 1855-57 George K. Boyer 1858— Name. Term. William Geiger* 1877-78 Matthew Bhoda 1879-81 James D. Long 1882 — PRISON INSPECTORS. The first county prison was erected in 1770. It stands at the northeast corner of Fifth and Washington streets, Reading, still in good condition.f Under the law then prevailing the Sheriff had control of the prison during his official term ; and he was author- ized to appoint Keepers. This practice continued till the passage of the Act of 8 April, 1848, expressly for Berks County, whereby seven Prison Inspectors were to be appointed, four by the Judges of the Court of Quarter Sessions, and three by the County Commissioners, who were to comprise the " Board of Inspectors" ; the terms of office to be as follows : for three, three years ; two, two years ; and two, one year; and afterward, all terms three years. The Inspectors were authorized to appoint, with sanction of the court, a Keeper, Matron, &c. This Act of Assembly continued in force till the pas- * Resigned 6 January, 1879. f Upon the completion of the " New Prison" at the head of Penn Street in 1848, the prisoners were removed thither, and the '* Old Prison" waa sold and converted into a store building. PRISON INSPECTORS. 37 sage of the Act of 10 April, 1873, whereby nine Inspectors were to be elected at the next regular election, when each elector was to vote for six candidates, and the nine highest to be the Inspectors. The elected candidates were to draw lots for one, two, and three years. And annually thereafter, three Inspectors were to be elected for three years, the electors to vote for two, and the three having the highest vote to be the Inspectors. The following persons were the first Inspectors under the Act of 1848: Appointed by the Conrt Atiguet 7, 1848. Name. Term. Jacob Lightfoot 3 yrs. J. Glancy Jones 3 yrs. William Heidenreich 2 yrs. Thomas Shaner 1 yr. Appointed by County Commissioners 10 August, 1848. Name. Term. John Banks 3 yrs. Henry Nagle 2 yrs. Charles Kessler 1 yr. INSPECTORS APPOINTED FROM 1848 TO 1873. Name. Term. Jacob Lightfoot 1848-57 J. Glancy Jones 1848-51 William Heidenreich 1848-50 Thomas Shaner 1848-55 John Banks 1848-49 Henry Nagle 1848-59 Charles Kessler 1848-51 William Peacock 1 849-51 David Fister 1850-53 J. Bowman Bell 1851-57 Lewis Briner 1851-64 Samuel Frees 1851-54 David Kutz 1853-68 William Henry 1854-60 Jacob Dick 1855-57 Daniel Young 1857-66 Abr. D.Hill 1857-66 Levi B. Smith 1858 Name. Term. James Lee 1858-64 Jacob Young 1859-71 Samuel Summons 1860-72 Charles H. Fritz 1864-70 Henry Z. Van Reed :.. ..1864-70 •J. Glancy Jones ,.,1864-68 David McKnight 1864-70 David L. Wenrich „. 1868-71 Amos Weiler 1868-69 Calvin Goodman 1869-72 Peter A. Kline 1869-72 George Lerch 1870-73 Joseph Ganser 1871-73 W. B. Griesemer 1872-73 William Grim 1872-73 Isaac E. Fisher 1872-73 Benjamin Levan ; ... 1873 Jacob Miller 1873 ELECTED UNDER ACT 1873. The first nine named comprised the first Board elected in 1873. After organization, on the first day of December, lots were cast for the terms of these Inspectors. The board organizes annually on the first day of December. Name. Term. John Gernant( 1 yr. ) 1873-74 ; 1 874-77 Wm. Stump. ..(lyr.)1873-74 ; 1874-77 S. Schmehl...(l yr.)1873-74; 1878-81 Samuel Buch (2 yrs.) 1873-75 Amendon Bright (2 yrs.) 1873-75 Name. Term. William Herbst (2 yrs.) 1873-75 W. Y. Lyon(3 yrs.) 1873-76; 1876-79 Tobias Barto...." (3 yrs.) 1873-76 Jacob Miller (3 yrs.j 1873-74 Calvin Goodman 1875-77 38 COUNTY OF BERKS. PEISON INSPECTOES.— (Concluded.; Name. Term. Peter Rapp 1874-77 Jacob Shaffner 1875-78 Peter A. Kline 1873-78 Peter L. Hain 1875-78 James T.Reber 1876-79 Wm. S. Kitter 1877-82 AdaraMinnich 1877-80 Daniel L. Bhoads 1877-80 David Brown 1877-80 Josiah Boltz 1878-81 Isaac H. Eahn 1878-81 Lewis L. Moyer 1879-82 John Slieff. 1879-82 Name. Term. Adam H. Potteiger 1880-83 Charles S. Wentzel 1880-83 Milton T. Donmoyer 1880-83 Wm. D. Klopp 1881-84 Wm. A. Schall 1881-84 Wm. W. Lewis 1881-82 Wm. Schweitzer 1882-84 John Obold 1882-85 Henry Eieger 1882-85 Jacob S. Wisler 1882-85 John S. Wenrich* 1883-86 Samuel H. Mensch* 1883-86 Dallas Leinbachf 1883-86 PEISON WAEDENS. Name. Term. Mahlon Bertolet 1849-53 Dr. Henry Tyson 1853-65 Joseph Ganser 1865-70 Daniel S. Francis 1870-73 Name. Term. Thomas Will 1873-76 Isaac K. Knoll 1876-79 Adam B. Brossman 1879-82 Dr. E. B. Ehoads 1882-85 SUPEEINTENDENTS OF COMMON SCHOOLS. Numerous legislative , attempts were made to popularize and thoroughly introduce public education. Fifty years were spent in endeavors to educate the poorer classes of children by proposed tax- ation, with comparatively little progress. Finally an Act was passed 8 May, 1854, which made proceedings in this behalf compul- sory, and authorized a school tax to be levied, Directors to be elected, &c. And to see that the branches of a common education were properly taught, teaching directed, established graded schools maintained, and uniformity in course of studies preserved, a County Superintendent was to be elected for a term of three years by all the Directors of the county. Since 1854 the system of education provided by the State has been carried on successfully in the county by School Directors and a County Superintendent. The school affairs of the city of Reading are under the super- vision of a board of School Controllers and a City Superintendent. (See Book II., Part I.) The County Superintendents were : Name. Term. William Good 185^60 John S. Ermentrout 1860-69 David B. Brunner. ...1869-75 Name. Term. Samuel A. Baer .1875-81 David S. Keck 1881-84 * Nominated by Democratic Convention in August, 1883, for full term. f Nominated by Republican Convention in September, 1883, for full term. JURY AND LICENSE COMMISSIONERS. 39 JUEY COMMISSIONEES. Before 1867 the jurors for the trial of cases in the several courts of the county were selected from the qualified electors by the County Commissioners and the Sheriff. On 10 April, 1867, a general Act was passed for the State requiring the election of two Jury Com- missioners in October following, for the term of three years,- and every third year thereafter, for the purpose of selecting jurors from the qualified electors. The Act provides that each elector shall vote for one person for this office, and the two persons having the highest vote shall be the Commissioners. They are to select a num- ber designated by the court, and place the names in a jury wheel in the presence of a Judge of the court ; and they and the Sheriff are to draw panels of jurors as grand, petit, and traverse jurors of the county as theretofore. The number generally designated for the jury wheel previous to 1875 was a thousand names ; then, upon the introduction of an Additional Law Judge, the number was increased to twelve hundred. Since 1867 the jurors for the quarterly terms of the several courts of the county were selected and drawn as mentioned, by the following Commissioners, who were elected for that purpose : Name. Tarm. GeorgeW.BruckmanI ^^^^^^^ Charles J. Faber J Zacharias H. Maurer "I 1870-73 Joseph Brelsford J Israel R. Laucks 1 1873-76 Samuel U. Hollenbachj Name. Michael K. Boyer \ , g»» »„ Eeuben Rhoads / iB/'/y Henry Graul ) Edward H. Harner* \ 1880-82 Jacob K. Sterrett J Cosmos Swoyer | ; ^^^^^^ John B. Snyder J LICENSE COMMISSIONERS. In 1676 the Duke of Yorke's Laws required a license to enable a person to sell liquors in the Province of Pennsylvania. This was granted by two Justices of the Peace in the Quarter Sessions, for the term of one year, upon the applicant furnishing "a certificate of his good behavior from the Constable and two Overseers of the parish" wherein he dwelt. In 1710 the law required the applica- tion to be recommended by the Justices of the county courts to the Governor, who issued the license. The number was unlimited. But in 1794 the law required the Judges of the Quarter Sessions at the first session of every year thereafter to limit and declare the * Edward H. Harner remoyed from the county, and J. K. Sterrett waa appointed 26 Febru- ary, 1881, for unexpired term. 40 COUNTY OF BERKS. number of taverns and public bouses to be licensed for the year following ; and the Judges were to have " regard to the particular neighborhoods and situations the most suitable for the accommoda- tion of the inhabitants and travelers." The Governor still granted the licenses upon the proper recommendation ; and he continued to grant them till the passage of the Act of 8 March 1815, when the Judges of the Quarter Sessions issued them upon the recommenda- tion of the applicant by twelve reputable citizens of the district in which the tavern was to be kept. On 23 April, 1869, an Act of Assembly was specially passed for Berks County, whereby a Board of License Commissioners was created to issue licenses. The first Board was composed of three members : the District Attorney in office ex officio; one member appointed by the Judges of the Quar- ter Sessions for a term ending February, 1871 ; and the third by the County Commissioners for a term ending February, 1873. And every two years after 1869, the court or Commissioners were authorized to appoint a person for a term of four years. Licenses in the county were accordingly issued annually by this Board till the law was repealed 5 May, 1876. In the year previous, on 12 April, 1875, a general law to restrain and regulate the sale of liquors was passed by the Legislature for the State, excepting in those counties for which special provision was made. After the re- peal of the Act of 1869, the Court of Quarter Sessions issued licenses pursuant to the Act of 1875. And this is the law under which the licenses are still issued. In respect to licenses a general Act was passed 27 March, 1872, " to permit the voters of this State to vote every three years on the question of granting licenses to sell intoxicating liquors." The time for the first general election on the question in every city and county was fixed for the third Friday in March, 1873, and every third year thereafter on the day for the annual municipal elections.* It will be observed that the time was set iu the spring of the year in order to obtain the expression of political sentiment uninfluenced by the general tide of opinion of the fall elections. One election was held, but before the first three years had expired the Act was repealed on 12 April, 1875. The Board, during the seven years in which the Act prevailed, comprised the following members : * See Election Returns of County by districts on License (Book I., Part III). Ex officio, being the District Attorneys. Name. Term. Edward H. Shearer 1869-71 Peter D. Wanner 1871-74 Henry C. G. Reber 1874-76 OIL INSPECTOR. 41 Appointees. Name. Term. Richard Ludwig 1869-75 John H. Snyder 1869-73 William Hines 1873-76 EliasObold 1875-76 OIL INSPECTOR. The oflSce of Oil Inspector was created by the Act of 15 May, 1874, " to provide for the better security of life and property from the dangers of coal and petroleum oils." By this Act the standard or fire test of all burning fluids was fixed at 110 degrees Fahren- heit. The Inspector is appointed by the Court of Common Pleas of the county for the term of three years; and he is required to furnish security in $10,000 for the faithful discharge of his duties. The first appointment was made in August, 1877. Charles A. Z. Griesemer was the first Inspector. He was re-ap- pointed in 1880, and again in 1883. 42 COUNTY OF SEEKS. FJ^:EtT II. CENSUS OF BERKS COUNTY. No regular enumeration of tte inhabitants of Pennsylvania was made previous to 1790. The first provision for enumeration was made by the Constitution of the United States, adopted 17 Sep- tember, 1787. Therein provision was made for the apportionment of representatives from the several States to Congress, and of direct taxes ; and to efiect a just apportionment, " the actual enumeration" was required to be made " within three years after the first meeting of Congress, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct." The population was theretofore simply estimated. The number of inhabitants of Pennsylvania was estimated as follows : For the year 1701 20,000 " " " 1749 (including Delaware) 250,000 " " " 1775 341,000 The following table shows the taxable inhabitants of eight coun- ties in the state for a time twenty and thirty years before the first census was taken : [Taken from *'Coxe'8 View, p. 481.] Counties. 1760. 1770. 1793. Berks 3,016 3,148 4,761 1,501 5,631 1,987 8,321 3,302 3,302 3,177 5,483 3,521 6,608 2,793 10,455 4,426 5,511 4,644 Chester 5 270 3 869 Lancaster 6,409 4,697 13 973 Northaraptom York 6,974 Total of State 31,667 39,765 * The first census of Pennsylvania was taken on 7 September, 1791. And within every ten years thereafter the census was regu- larly taken to the present time. The result of each enumeration is * After 1770, additional counties were erected. Those named comprised all erected in" the State before 1770. The popnlation of the State for 1760 and 1770 can be approximated by in- creasing the totals flvefold. By other estimates the results, however, would appear far short of the number supposed. CENSUS. 43 set forth in the following "census" table for the districts and counties named. The returns of the first enumeration were so made that the number of inhabitants for the districts in Berks County was not ascertainable. Hence no figures are presented in the table. The figures for 1800, and every decade thereafter, were taken from the Census Reports of the United States, published by order of Congress. The blank spaces in the table opposite certain districts indicate non-existence of those districts at the time of enumeration. Large decrease of population in certain districts for the next succeeding census is observable. This indicates reduction of the districts by the erection of others. For instance, Alsace^ in 1850 had a population of 2697; but in 1860 it had only 1299. The township of Muhlenberg was cut ofi" in 1850 and erected into a separate district. Also, Windsor in 1870 had 1211, but in 1880 only 830. The township was reduced in area by the extension of the limits of the Borough of Hamburg. This extension was made in 1871. For convenience in making comparisons, as well in respect to the census as to the political tables published in this volume, the follow- ing statement is presented in or-. o 'c a a" Jo 1-5 i . MS & . il 1- s . a S -a" 1166 553 433 422 131 80 181 225 265 215 30 40 55 104 214 88 1 50 1,297 459 840 535 179 210 362 131 362 278 ,69 179 34 20 85 41 93 33 1 1,302 375 146 382 126 246 364 120 280 243 77 57 522 234 290 221 145 137 103 19 176 67 30 63 921 356 366 418 179 231 274 ]27 350 139 61 136 666 287 53 100 53 53 159 26 133 185 56 19 499 Kntztown 66 Hamburg 46 153 White Horse Forest....... 121 199 Muthart's 133 Pinegrove 2 Orwigsburg CrolVs 89 5 M^ahantODfiTO .. .. Bethel 8 Counties : Berks 3356 797 4,240 2,320 1,814 606 2,911 2,103 3,210 4,516 512 1928 309 722 2183 1283 511 2251 3,718 2,464 2,691 1,039 1,101 3,978 2,362 3,054 4,107 2,007 1.592 2,430 2,112 476 2,307 1,930 1,209 3,881 3,558 2,611 3,147 3,041 738 3,598 2,988 2,817 6,757 1,790 86 38 74 4 45 89 1,364 ,47 1,321 Burks 2,621 3,264 DauDhin 855 Delaware 1,338 4,089 TVfontffomerv 2,263 N^orthamoton - - 1,185 4,784 Total of Nine Counties 24,514 17,944 29,255 ; 3,537 21,720 Total of State.... 42,586 37,397 67,975 4,006 39,575 62 COUNTY OF BERKS. ELECTION RETURNS FOR GOVERNOR, 1814r-23. 1814. 1817. 1820. 1823. w . a i fag 1° S I' 1 1 "a cB a <^ CD < 627 ■ 169 213 69 71 101 70 87 54 143 75 110 169 58 697 246 65 126 84 150 63 113 -26 23 102 15 4 87 396 269 212 56 141 .183 68 252 71 139 119 104 66 71 45 74 60 38 70 100 1,482 202 223 279 177 267 60 102 101 152 134 23 239 146 126 104 50 154 124 40 525 283 192 72 158 157 81 149 91 173 133 80 66 77 52 72 44 67 91 57 17 120 1,652 223 232 278 170 227 75 49 109 196 95 14 236 156 132 102 54 •149 45 62 58 41 690 184 208 188 91 138 109 173 128 238 151 150 80 64 74 60 43 96 100 83 28 141 96 94 38 124 1,240 154 Jlamburg 82 Womelsdorf* White Horsef 159 15 173 82 CroU's 36 Bethel 87 Tulpehocken Hereford 80 96 Keely's.. Shartle'sf Oley 146 108 Ruscombmanor 101 93 Pike 47 IMaideticreek 118 Longswamp 145 Earl 39 Caernarvon 70 51 Albany 40 Aruity 76 46 51 Tulpehocken, Upper Counties : Berks 68 2,016 2,481 2,707 706 2,288 653 2,057 4,572 1,801 2,065 3,014 377 2,952 279 ■ 1,831 5,674 2,534 2,772 3,051 1,117 540 2,889 1,182 1,706 3,064 4,581 566 4,193 2,888 3,330 1,738 1,185 4,763 1,212 916 2,645 7,483 840 2,757 1,878 2,930 1,304 560 3,176 1,206 1,686 2,827 4,409 708 4,355 3,043 3,328 2,000 1,103 5,073 1,290 1,079 2,516 6,908 940 3,569 3,086 3,291 1,791 641 4,350 1,669 2,144 3,148 6,649 865 3,403 Bucks 3,095 3,915 Dauphin 1,663 1,465 Lancaster 4 902 1 172 1,048 2 572 MontgoDjery Philadelphia , 7 757 Schuylkill 806 Total of 11 Counties 24,002 31,193 23,441 31,635 31,203 31,798 Total of State 51,099 29,566 66,420 59,415 66,300 67,905 89,942 64,236 * Womelsdorf substituted for Hoehrer's in 1797. f Douglass substituted for White Hoise, and Bern, Upper, for Shartle*8, at election of 1823 ELECTION RETURNS. 63 ELECTION RETURNS FOR GOVERNOR, 1829-38. Reading Kutztown Hamburg Womelsdorf Douglass Robeson* Colebrookdale.. Greenwich* Bethel , Tulpehocken.. , Hereford Bern, Upper.... Oley Ruscombmanor. Rockland Pike Maidencreek.... Longswamp Earl Caernarvon District Albany Amity Richmond . . . Union Tulpehocken,U. Bernville Brecknock... Windsor Heidelberg, L... Heidelberg... Bern Counties : Berks Bucks Chester Dauphin Delaware Lancaster Lebanon Lehigh Montgomery . Philadelphia. Schuylkill.... 1829. Total of 11 Cos, Total of State... l >, ^ a •Sa a a u s" it ■3 i 1^ h ges a; pifl 1^ o* < ^ < i-s d *% Reading 2,109 2,168 2,689 2,704 3,024 2,881 3,622 *'^ll Albany . 259 68 252 67 249 49 228 39 Alsace 217 69 219 68 210 62 193 62 Amity . Bern .... 179 156 208 165 190 161 200 164 330 87 333 114 300 102 283 103 Bern, Upper 299 90 288 106 273 103 298 120 Bernville S9 60 58 43 68 41 64 39 Eetbel . 368 91 343 106 360 92 339 96 Boyertown . . 99 38 120 58 Brecknock . 143 44 134 46 134 42 130 29 Caernarvon 86 104 91 108 91 100 87 116 Centre . . 263 69 262 67 265 67 229 66 Colebrookdale 197 106 216 113 146 66 160 70 Cumru , 213 182 234 206 216 203 232 211 District . . . 144 21 129 33 127 37 116 29 Douglass 178 49 174 67 176 64 188 31 Earl . 228 26 183 40 181 41 188 46 Exeter . . . 314 123 339 149 366 90 389 131 Greenwich . 362 58 334 69 338 66 317 47 Hamburg . 158 99 176 122 187 119 263 161 Heidelberg . . 142 40 154 64 162 61 184 65 Heidelberg, Lower 452 78 484 110 424 96 436 102 Heidelberg, North 183 18 187 19 191 18 174 18 Hereford 207 68 203 91 202 79 181 85 Jefferson 210 37 210 39 198 45 189 39 Kutztown . HI 64 120 62 130 45 156 59 Longswanip 291 196 325 286 .314 219 348 276 Maideucreek , 203 73 229 102 226 94 214 114 Marion . . . 227 114 233 83 217 93 •-'04 106 Maxatawny 338 HI 368 133 364 143 339 144 Muhlenberg 265 71 302 73 228 68 232 51 Oley . . . 286 124 297 160 287 124 278 141 Ontetaunee 119 121 128 132 107 163 139 106 Penn. 266 44 239 63 249 62 263 46 Perry 292 33 266 46 266 61 262 46 Pike . . 206 21 199 23 176 24 183 17 Richmond . 446 59 449 80 421 91 413 75 Robeson 224 96 241 310 238 261 230 296 Buckland . . 260 61 267 76 229 69 227 49 RuBcombmanor 207 58 210 81 195 68 183 63 Spring . . 327 134 323 168 316 126 294 154 Tulpehocken .... .339 76 348 78 353 7e 344 64 Tulpehoclten, Upper . 184 57 164 74 178 5E 179 47 Union . . . 180 20S 18C 249 18E 261 196 307 Washington 223 m 227 9E 231 8£ 24£ 88 Windsor . . . 228 3f 227 3£ 323 2E 15C 6 Womelsdorf Coumies : Berks 12£ 9S 12S IK 137 9S 135 105 12,62' 6,00> 13,28f 7,121 \Z,b'Xi 6,97] 13,94' r 7,898 Bucks 6,83e 6,26 7,39< 6,30. 7,061 6,60 7,66 ! 7,278 Chester . 6,49f 7,98 6,22 I 8,60( 6,14( > 8,23 6,51 ) 9,386 Dauphin . . 3,87> 6,06 4,80 I 5,69 4,32 ! 5,66 5,11 3 7,450 Delaware 1,78 ) 3,46 2,26 2 3,64 2,29 ) 3,53 2,63 3 4,339 Lancaster . . 7,66 ) 13,34 . 8,69 2 14,59 8,31 1 13,80 9,06' 1 13,774 Lebanon . 2,66 i 3,65 2,69 3 4,19 2,69 3 4,02 2,82- 1 4,285 Lehigh ... 6,52 i 3,69 6,73 1 4,16 6,13 3 4,65 6,89 5 5,355 Montgomery . . 7,48 ) 6,23 8,34 2 7,28 8,44 1 7,36 8,46 3 8,464 Philadelphia . 37,19 5 44,27 48,81 7 54,20 46,80 2 61,20 48,84 1 69,278 Schuylkill . . 8,64 7 6,50 10,61 4 8,79 8,90 1 7,90 9,37 8 8,980 Total of 11 Counties . 99,68 i 106,49 118,16 3 124,49 114,66 6 119,75 121,33 1 146,477 Total of Stati- . . . 264,17 1 269,49 290,09 6 307,27 285,95 6 290,56 317,76 3.5.3,387 ELECTION RETURNS. 67 ELECTION RETURNS FOR GOVERNOR, 1875-82. 1875. 1878. 1882. tT >t a t." ^ a i 5 & §1 a ■s > 1. 1^ ftM us If MS r d hi ■< a oi IS ^ Beading . Albany Alsace . • - . Amltv Bern ... Bern. Upper Beruville Bethel . BirdBboro' .' Bojertown . Brecknock . . Caernarvon Centre Colebrookdale . 3,53 23' 18 18 i 3,201 t 4! 135 3,20 23 19 20 I 2,82v r 4: ! 4' ! 16£ 1,22( [ 4,871 3,906 177 234 53 212 64 218 166 1 271 30[ 51 33c 5C lie iif Sc •j: 94 4C 7S 25S 53 24 86 27 29 51 34< 3: 125 11' 9' ) K i 91 L 3( 6C 23S 48 36 106 31 27( 2 32£ 4( 5 35£ 78 51 2 151 117 6 88 74 111 39 89 1 280 6 66 1 26 116 1 211 1« 6U i 61 24.'^ 151 64 64 11 2 238 172 69 72 7 Cnmra . . District 213 lis ! 173 23 21.5 117 176 29 7 237 122 240 33 Doaglass 145 24 166 40 1 168 48 4 Barl 164 19n 41 6 188 33 Exeter Fleetwood Greenwich 280 98 300 3C 344 78 314 131 24 38 74 357 112 352 140 68 38 3 4 Hamburg . Heidelberg . . . 246 169 13( 43 270 168 131 66 2 279 170 148 72 3 1 HeidelberKf Lower 404 93 347 107 40f 107 1 Heidelberg, North 173 11 159 20 169 17 Hereford 186 74 194 85 199 87 Jefferaoo 194 41 208 30 1 185 26 Eutztuwn 186 66 185 68 204 74 2 LongBwamp 387 258 370 188 417 244 2 Maidencreek 190 94 205 80 63 224 105 2 Marion . . 206 92 213 103 4 227 90 70 Maxatawny 333 122 339 104 1 411 122 2 Muhlenberg . . 225 48 218 38 30 250 62 1 Oley ... 258 120 272 139 13 303 134 Ontelaunee ... 127 59 127 61 32 146 86 7 Penn 255 44 284 39 272 34 1 Perry . , . 226 45 225 37 46 240 34 11 Pike . . 179 19 193 16 185 20 Richmond . . . 306 50 295 30 65 367 44 Robeson . . 184 176 214 162 11 221 164 8 Rockland . . 225 54 218 43 263 63 Ruscombmanor . . 176 36 194 32 7 200 47 Spring . . , . . 277 97 291 111 9 302 143 Topton .... 59 32 75 37 Tnlpehocken ■ . .340 63 340 64 .378 66 1 Tnlpehocken, Upper . 188 49 201 58 222 67 Union . . 131 104 149 126 28 147 145 3 Washington . . , 237 96 246 83 266 106 1 Windsor , . 159 4 160 9 150 6 Womelsdorf . . 132 104 139 101 3 150 102 1 fTnti/nfip* • Berks ... . . 13,433 6,864 13,480 6,506 1,755 16,922 8,142 259 Bucks . . . 7,000 6,713 7,601 7,652 200 7,770 6,604 603 Chester 5,005 7,016 5,466 8,178 206 6,290 7,713 1,125 Daapbin . , . . 4,704 6,574 6,320 6,591 1,468 5,071 6,941 726 Delaware . 2,079 4,076 3,137 4,769 304 .3,822 4,586 931 Lancaster . . - 7,581 12,725 8,714 15,618 225 9,866 13,989 2,626 Lebanon 2,608 3,869 2,646 3,914 382 2,778 4,303 215 Lehigh 6,768 4,630 6,705 4,976 27IJ 7,948 4,847 98 Montgomery . . . 8,339 8,364 9,164 9,006 381 10,688 9,287 622 Philadelphia . . . 47,980 65,262 53,756 70,099 3,211 67,287 70,940 8,086 Schnylkill 9,037 7,699 7,667 6,'994 0,.508 10,660 7,362 1,077 Total of Eleven Connties 114,524 133,780 123,646 143,102 14,969 148,492 144,614 16,266 Total of State 292,145 304,175 297,060 319,567 81,758 350,155 310,460 48,602 68 COUNTY OF SEEKS. ELECTION RETUENS FOR PRESIDENT, 1828-44. 1828. 1832. 1836. 1840. 1844. 1. If S 1. -03 S p" & i •c MS &2 ■SfS ^Z •§« ^ a ".$ ^.& > a'' g^ l-a -«i ^ S ^ H ^ 4 H Reading Albany . . . Alaace Amity. 1,372 107 155 242 20 41 1,308 110 112 338 44 1,412 98 118 394 11 52 836 170 361 180 288 614 29 82 98 50 1,111 167 411 206 273 742 66 75 117 36 Bern, Upper . 163 16 128 6 156 45 264 12C 176 102 Bernville . . . 112 6 126 1 152 21 183 58 Bethel . . . 149 8 127 1 132 3 210 63 263 93 Brecknock , . 36 13 62 21 85 85 91 62 Caernarvon . . 83 ■ 42 48 74 48 70 79 104 91 104 Centre .... Colebrookdale. 110 46 97 16 81 24 132 49 194 163 34 66 Cumru . . 326 200 403 236 DiBtrict . . . 49 1 22 4 24 26 41 61 88 65 Douglass . . 107 14 130 12 105 10 142 20 160 30 Earl 119 8 89 1 94 5 167 26 170 37 Exeter . . . 232 97 263 123 Greenwich . . 160 2 177 11 196 10 268 26 272 30 Hamburg . . 169 36 198 80 251 81 62 83 86 85 Heidelberg . . 161 18 219 113 213 80 Heidelberg, L. 226 60 293 99 Hereford . . . 118 60 122 16 141 28 165 69 143 71 Kutztown . . . 230 23 271 16 252 95 331 134 136 36 LoDgswamp. . 112 31 121 48 113 113 151 178 178 181 Maid en creek . 92 46 102 40 124 64 188 127 251 160 Marion . . 175 105 Maxatawny . Oley Penn ... 135 89 106 24 122 60 182 112 242 203 189 123 103 62 Pike 76' 13 49 9 70 18 94 31 121 34 Richmond . . 126 4 144 1 136 12 222 43 261 42 Robeson . . 141 91 63 160 119 77 135 242 180 242 Rockland . . . 130 28 132 5 117 19 205 62 196 44 Ru scombm an'r lai 19 106 20 108 56 122 133 64 Tulpehocken . 181 13 211 28 174 30 314 114 232 70 Tulpehock'n,U 118 8 121 2 136 32 220 64 251 63 ■pnlon 74 41 65 74 66 69 116 140 131 181 Waehington . 100 76 128 82 ■WindHor . . . 344 41 376 38 Womelsdorf . Counties : Berks 166 66 164 104 200 134 85 78 88 89 4,663 937 4,472 1,160 4,967 1,583 7,425 3,582 8,676 4,001 Bucks 3,2-28 3,366 2,680 3,011 3,081 3,289 4,488 4,706 6,261 4,862 Chester . . . 3,886 3,636 2,732 4,28C 3,277 3,921 4,882 5,643 5,550 6,070 Dauphin . . 1,974 1,141 1,395 1,348 1,372 1,993 2,187 3,124 2,401 3,285 Delaware . . . 963 1,164 956 1,423 1,030 1,224 1,335 2,031 1,466 2,090 Lancaeter . . . 6,186 3,71E 4,061 5,14C 4,144 6,256 6,472 9,678 6,943 10,295 Lebanon . . 1,439 691 1,094 88S 1,168 1,487 1,402 2,369 1,791 2,686 Lehigh . . . . 2,O0C 51C 1,644 1 933 1,987 1,784 2,461 2,406 2,811 2,553 Montgomery . 3,34] 2,311 3,316 1 2,501 3,446 2,406 4,869 4,068 6,696 4,491 Philadelphia . 12,017 6,20C 10,027 1 ll,90a 10,935 12,196 18,077 17,844 18,861 23,289 Schuylkill . . 863 22C 1,27C 485 1,380 687 2,184 1,881 3,404 2,571 Total of 11 Co . 39,494 23,694 33,64£ 33,06£ 36,784 36,82C 64,772 57,33C 61,789 66,143 Total of State 101,66' 60,84S 90,98C 66,71( 91,47£ 1 87,11] 143,676 144,019 167,686 161,204 ^OTE. — Certain districts will appear to be omitted in some of the tables. They were not in existeDCfr at the time of the elections when omitted. ELECTION RETURNS. 69 ELECTION EETUENS FOR PRESIDENT, 1848-60. 1848. 1852. 1856. 1860. S S a £ fl g i ma m a S3 S s & JS si o s 1 S a ^ aj -§ ^ B p s 1.S Is Si 11 = •«! s 1 • hi < ll n S r Albany Alsace . Amity . Bern . . Beni, Upper . Bernville . Bethel . . Brecknock Caernarvon Centre . . . Colebrookdale 1,623 169 433 183 296 194 264 88 97 211 161 1,322 67 107 110 49 123 105 76 96 48 70 1,622 193 173 198 273 206 49 256 96 86 197 168 1,366 67 57 104 46 108 21 92 51 100 47 65 2,073 216 173 182 284 240 71 326 132 99 238 170 1,079 36 67 122 37 96 17 18 15 49 38 11 136 7 2 18 4 e 7 48 14 29 4 60 1,487 19C 160 129 205 218 59 231 116 78 177 170 2,019 76 82 169 116 118 49 98 46 105 73 101 73 17 3 1 2 - 121 Gumrn DiBtrirt 410 92 276 64 168 88 125 57 212 98 96 31 11 3 106 92 189 49 9 Donglaas 160 48 162 51 161 36 26 158 68 3 Earl 168 43 143 31 181 23 3 153 61 11 Exeter 266 147 263 130 317 81 17 234 186 4 Greeiiwifh 317 37 301 44 338 10 13 295 6C Hamburg 101 111 140 107 168 84 6 146 12C 1 Heidelberg . 106 60 101 52 115 33 IC 116 90 Heidelberg, L. 295 102 297 98 376 38 17 306 ' 134 Heidelberg, N. 134 23 148 17 143 11 11 145 33 Hereford . 153 70 144 7Y 175 38 36 174 62 ■Jefferson . 155 42 174 21 11 134 54 4 Entztown 103 38 115 46 129 48 107 80 6 3 Longs wamp , 183 184 185 195 196 128 47 206 241 Maidencreek 263 172 162 72 160 61 17 146 102 Marion 192 108 183 106 245 40 65 155 146 24 Maxatawny 252 124 252 121 265 99 16 234 129 8 1 Muhlenberg . 236 40 243 27 6 146 85 45 3 Oley . . 218 118 • 192 112 249 69 20 197 157 1 Ontelannee 97 88 138 84 10 102 120 Penn 213 71 162 51 201 43 1 187 62 Perry 214 36 236 16 6 207 47 Pike . 124 40 135 28 179 19 2 156 29 Richmond 286 76 269 66 340 13 3 276 87 Robeson 171 273 192 255 202 170 96 149 349 1 Rockland 191 64 186 61 217 36 6 208 71 Ruscom bmauor 122 79 127 62 162 61 122 94 1 Spring 213 137 275 78 28 178 144 2 Tulpebocken 269 78 256 76 313 32 24 140 78 140 TulpehockcDjU. 279 93 122 67 181 28 1 66 71 40 Union . . . 127 161 129 170 170 101 77 »8 239 16 1 Washington 120 98 164 103 1«6 30 47 192 103 Windsor . . 366 74 180 20 206 16 1 186 41 Womelsdorf . 96 96 129 77 131 18 73 131 93 5 f^nfiftfifit * Berks 9,485 . 5,082 9,603 4,913 11,272 3,282 1,037 ■ 8,846 6,709 420 136 Bncks . 5,364 5,140 5,766 4,928 6,617 419 4,682 5,174 6,443 487 95 Chester 5,360 5,949 6,520 6,700 6,333 626 5,308 5,008 7,771 263 202 Sanphin 2,254 3,708 2,676 3,673 3,094 2,332 1,615 2,392 4,631 196 169 Delaware 1,547 2,194 1,737 2,083 2,006 219 1,590 1,500 3,181 162 288 Lancaster 6,080 11,390 6,678 11,636 8,731 3,616 6,608 5,135 13,362 728 441 Lebanon 1,862 2,996 2,118 3,106 2,511 396 2,414 1,917 3,868 10 103 Lehigh . . 3,199 2,978 3,493 2,993 4,426 91 3,237 4,094 4,170 145 62 Montgomery 5,627 5,040 5,763 4,791 7,134 492 2,845 5,690 5,826 609 690 Pbiiadelpbia 21,610 31,230 26,022 24,573 38,222 12,218 7,892 21,619 39,223 9,274 7,131 Schnylkill 3,700[ 4,939 4,758 4,128 7,035 2,315 2,181! 4,968 7,568 422 139 Total of 11 Cos. 66,98SJ 80,646 73,933 72,623 97,280 26,005 39,416 66,243 102,642 12,605 9,446 Tot«l of State 172, 661 1 186,113 198,568 179,182 280,600l 65,891 147,447 178,871 268,030 16,677 12,809 70 COUNTY OF BERKS. ELECTION EETUENS FOR PRESIDENT, 1864-80. 1864. 1868. 1872. 1876. 1880. £ ! § ti 1 1 S S ■8 1 •a 1 • k tl 9 si a H| w . na SJ ■OS a a p tn « t-s Reading . . . Albany . . . . Aleace . . . . 2,298 262 208 2,392 61 56 3,046 265 224 3,216 51 82 2,364 20) 123 3,561 ■ 44 09 3,891 292 208 3,669 47 68 4,736 266 252 4,312 66 67 Amity Bern 195 339 151 89 193 328 175 118 162 164 159 92 212 308 56 110 211 333 186 104 Bern, Upper . Bernville . . . 306 63 97 47 313 50 115 51 234 50 117 40 344 57 106 41 361 62 119 30 Bethel . . Birdsboro' Boyertown . . Brecknock . 364 144 87 40 370 83 124 104 39 47 288 89 84 90 67 20 414 32 124 146 81 248 64 48 412 63 • 157 137 95 312 61 36 Caernarvon . 98 03 91 116 64 lie 101 109 109 126 Centre . . . 253 60 266 68 188 64 254 80 263 84 Colebrookdale 216 103 148 66 125 75 169 73 172 88 Oumru 220 178 246 230 167 202 251 198 272 284 Diatrict . . 148 16 138 33 81 28 126 29 130 33 Douglass . . 1T9 51 186 58 145 38 183 46 184 63 Earl . . . . 203 29 197 5(i 152 134 203 39 216 46 Exeter . . . 321 139 350 141 266 117 364 130 388 167 Fifietvrood . 116 60 97 71 Greenwich . 367 63 351 01 296 46 371 35 369 50 Hamburg . 162 99 171 137 214 163 262 160 276 172 Heidelberg . 143 66 174 63 168 44 180 04 191 88 Heidelberg, L 439 82 458 IIU 300 108 471 115 461 142 Heidelberg, N 189 14 192 24 163 14 184 IS 193 23 Hereford . . 203 77 212 89 149 181 214 83 218 98 Jefferson . . 216 38 211 51 159 38 222 40 211 35 Eutztowa. . 111 51 121 50 136 61 207 68 212 80 Longs warn p . 315 186 336 265 274 265 461 290 440 270 Maiden creek 216 70 224 111 151 111 229 112 266 115 Marion . . 221 116 229 106 168 107 247 89 260 102 Maxatawny 329 106 380 143 272 146 406 134 436 144 Muhlenberg 273 72 278 103 114 59 • 268 69 294 72 Oley. . . . 301 138 292 147 222 130 309 169 303 153 Ontelaunee , 146 110 126 163 80 125 154 88 158 113 Fenn . . . 269 39 243 72 208 149 309 52 294 60 Perry . . . 273 39 269 54 184 47 282 47 262 48 Pike. . . . 200 15 198 34 150 18 199 21 207 23 Riqbmond . 462 69 44:3 117 282 81 396 66 397 52 Robeson . . 220 300 258 309 138 265 258 206 279 217 Rockland . . 246 46 262 58 191 6(1 290 44 290 53 Ruscombman' r 192 51 234 73 132 66 217 67 243 44 Spiring . ■ . 338 121 338 170 174 137 341 143 356 172 Topton . . . 87 39 Tulpehocken 339 67 359 79 262 62 392 67 398 70 Tulpehock'n,! J. 187 68 181 06 151 48 213 59 235 67 Union .... 190 228 181 264 119 302 142 145 170 161 Washington 218 90 233 1()6 173 86 293 105 304 111 Windsor . . 223 40 249 31 139 6 171 4 178 5 Womelsdorf Qfunties : Berks .... 122 99 128 117 116 108 146 108 159 111 12,929 6,197 13,973 7,917 10,201 7,741 15,611 8,020 16,956 9,225 Bucks .... 7,336 6,436 7,613 7,085 5,446 6,613 8,023 7,722 8,627 8,386 Chester . . . 5,987 8,446 6,490 9,178 3,802 9,249 6,621 9,715 7,624 11,298 Bauphin 4,220 6,444 4,397 6,607 3,331 6,954 6,474 7,494 6,619 8,573 Delaware . 2,146 3,664 2,616 4,16( 1,166 4,231 3,250 5,484 4,473 7,008 Lancaster . 8,44« 14,469 8,513 15,792 6,71' 14,288 9,638 ' 17,425 10,789 19,489 Lebanon 2,779 3,780 2,868 4,345 2,076 4,117 3,028 4,552 3,218 6,048 Lehigh . . ■ 6,920 3,908 6,321 5,004 5,622 5,342 7,756 6,584 8,292 6,144 Montgomery 7,943 6,872 8,803 8,083 6,11a 8,080 9,664 9,386 11,025 11,026 Philadelphia 44,032 56,797 66,173 60,986 23,40' 68,792 62,276 77,994 76,330 97,220 Schuylkill . 9,640 7,851 9,428 8,707 6,98C 8,667 10,466 8,679 11,611 9,337 Total of 11 Ct B. 111,278 122,864 126,185 137,769 72,86C 144,064 141,786 162,065 166,364 192,763 Total of State . 276,3ie 296,391 313,385 342,280 211,961 349,689 366,204 384,184 407,428 444,704 ELECTION RETURNS. 71 ELECTION EETDENS ON CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS, 1825-50. 1825. 1835. 1838. 1850. Constitutional Constitutional Constitutional Constitutional Convf ntion. Convention. Amendments. Amendment. Beading Albany Alsace For. Against. For. Against, For. A gainst. For. Against. 357 8 925 73 1,210 24 728 148 1,818 156 707 25 978 74 765 62 Amity Bern 9 66 108 156 104 264 126 30 43 Bern, "Dpper . Beraville Bethel . Brecknock GaemarvoQ Centre ... 13 47 13 223 93 80 14 34 62 23 14 297 162 148 74 87 146 160 161 77 39 96 71 120 77 98 196 28 151 63 81 33 145 40 28 67 Colebrookdale GDinrti . 146 30 185 52 203 110 113 4S 31 Distrirt . . 4 36 5 79 26 49 136 42 206 45 Douglasa Earl . Exeter . Greeiiwich 7 76 120 22 66 100 90 25 2 7 118 166 46 7 111 217 81 226 84 34 39 169 162 62 68 60 Hamburg 50 164 81 287 75 37 40 100 Heidelberg . . 59 144 78 32 Heidelberg, Lower 237 33 167 69 Heidelberg, North . 95 9 Hereford 20 93 17 239 113 177 110 31 Kntztown . 27 206 190 183 255 166 49 63 Longswamp 17 86 11 275 81 224 153 71 Maidencreek 7 131 79 137 206 65 104 40 Marion . . 146 62 Maxatawny 153 76 Oiey . . . 18 111 35 199 142 97 136 41 Ontelannee 30 96 Penn 113 87 Sf^'y 91 38 Pike . . 3 57 26 72 74 35 73 35 Richmond . 6 104 70 71 106 24 113 32 Robeson 12 154 18 226 146 222 110 207 RocklaDd . . 36 40 16 186 146 66 86 54 Rnscombmanor 13 101 56 125 119 80 65 52 Tnlpehocken . . . 47 111 381 317 212 202 133 80 Tulpehocken, Upper 3 143 8 220 141 136 68 190 TTnion . . 16 19 16 131 68 163 87 103 Washington 39 106 Windsor . 307 58 38 64 Womelsdorf 10 177 63 293 203 242 94 63 fJmttititiii • Berks 752 3,757 2,338 6,668 5,823 3,883 6,160 3,552 Bucks 665 3,515 2,638 3,330 4,096 3,363 6,372 2,971 Chester 768 6,013 2,546 3,308 3,879 5,085 3,392 4,272 Dauphin 942 946 1,104 1,629 1,U32 3,383 1,404 2,629 Delaware 55 1,879 932 1,031 1,299 1,459 2,159 :464 Lancaster 1,386 3,043 933 7,008 2,356 10,069 6,889 1,836 Lebanon 637 796 437 2,032 807 2,673 1,938 1,146 Lehigh . . 867 732 905 2,143 1,792 2,244 1,241 1,671 Montgomery 639 3,888 1,855 3,170 3,690 4,079 3,601 3,148 Philadelphia . 3,272 6,151 8,483 10,262 8,347 12,429 21,446 8,935 Schuylkill 360 1,091 886 1,.357 1,460 2,812 2,154 2,640 Total of Eleven Counties 10,133 30,810 22,657 40,828 34,679 61,369 64,766 33,263 Total of State 44,476 59,884| 87,087 73,064| 113,971 112,769 144,578 71,982 72 COUNTY OF BERKS. ELECTION EETUBNS ON CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION OF 1871, AND NEW CONSTITUTION OF 1873; AND ON PROHIBI- TION AND LICENSE. Beading . . Albany . Alaace . . Amity . . Bern . . , Bern. Upper BeruTille Bethel . . Birdaboro' Boyertown . Brecknock . Caernarvon Centre . . Culebrookdale Cumru . . Diatrict DonglasB Earl . . Exeter Fleetwood Greenwich Hamburg Heidelberg . Heidelberg, Lower Heidelberg, Mor|h Hereford Jefferson Eutztown Longs wamp Maidencreek Marion . . Maxatawny Muhlenberg Oley . . . Ootelaunee . Penn . . . Perry . . . Pike . . Richmond . Bobeson . Rockland . Ruscombmanor Spring . . Tulpehocken Tnlpehocken, Upper Union . . WaahingtoQ Windaor . . Womeladorf Counties: Berks . . . Bucks Chester Dauphin . . Delaware Lancaster . Lebanon . . Lehigh . . Momgomerr Philadelphia Schuylkill . Total of Kleven Cos. Total of State 1871. Constitutional Convention. For. Against. 2,348 36 54 99 61 32 39 61 44 19 80 54 53 18Y 22 117 38 93 17 66 38 42 168 81 60 82 54 84 72 36 29 9 47 173 29 29 99 60 33 195 75 4 108 1873. 5,269 11,181 9,472 7,043 5,787 16,862 4,010 5,836 7,000 16,781 7,232 2,456 188 164 147 222 271 57 284 96 101 77 221 147 204 97 141 152 252 227 116 352 165 173 178 127 234 165 186 250 165 256 106 228 223 168 290 201 193 166 230 288 176 183 200 157 96 _ 10,906 2,136 2,030 799 29 lie 1,696 4,020 6,827 523 2,600 96,473 31,e8C New Constitution. Against 137 110 76 68 113 140 97 43 72 B7 07! 165 13 125 63 141 121 71 136 114 243 110 84 89 167 298 72 141 188 113 140 92 80 142 94 83 161 34 133 161 146 109 165 94 61 160 9,114 4,445 5, 3,119 1,866 8,102 1,576 3,072 6,354 69,114 6,156 108,548 331,169 71,368| 262,744 108,594 424 68 16 28 16 20 46 21 1 166' 60 17 14 10 29 13 II 1; 105 10 *^ 16 30 15 63 4 172 4 16 3 32 6 76 11 26 1, 2,936 797 4,032 797 4,447 1. 1^897 2,969 24,994 2,020 48,593 1854. Prohibition. For. 1,187 9 1 67 19 4 11 14 1 26 4 61 4 77 36 19 16 17 4 68 16 47 46 22 8 46 40 12 30 1 19 127 16 23 40 27 16 142 19 9 101 Against, 2,611 3,778 6,60S 2,476 1,722 5,536 1,091 776 3,819 26,330 2,762 55,409 * Total vote of State on License could not be obtained. 158,342 1873. License. 1,661 233 216 208 261 287 64 308 107 77 248 165 242 119 160 167 270 319 164 126 290 133 186 174 79 317 147 191 309 236 268 160 181 181 171 296 235 214 170 270 291 163 108 210 169 91 10,699 5,879 3,830 3,448 1,693 8,966 2,784 4,733 6,789 20,670 6,668 73,852 163,610 For. Against. 3,831 2,216 222 lis 5 128 159 174 31 234 23 47 32 276 10 89 132 103 31 83 2 68 45 224 15 118 6 217 133 136 158 212 257 180 106 332 136 129 161 131 331 161 197 322 139 184 151 179 196 160 246 154 187 158 176 260 164 78 203 117 106 11,849 7,180 4,419 5,666 2,278 11,006 4,093 6,623 8,208 52,8114 10,651 124,577 ELECTION EETUENS. 73 ELECTION RETURNS OF STATE, BY COUNTIES, FOR PRESIDENT, 1868-80. Adams Allegheny.... Armstrong... Beaver Bedford Berks Blair Bradford Bucks Butler Cambria Cameron Carbon Centre Chester Clarion Clearfield Clinton Columbia Crawford Cumberland.. Dauphin Delaware.. .. Elk Erie Fayette Forest Franklin Fulton Greene Huntingdon.. Indiana Jefferson Juniata Lackawanna. Lancaster Lawrence Lebanon Lehigh Luzerne Lycoming.... McKean Mercer Mifflin 1868. is *7 i a 3 Northeast Ward Northwest " Southeast " Southwest " Spruce " 361 289 321 386 211 121 246 244 362 219 392 299 327 344 247 204 261 243 342 234 377 267 303 254 215 258 289 343 412 322 439 267 315 287 221 1529 54 156 54 195 92 551 157 95 242 132 136 502 327 420 321 293 442 377 430 438 390 Total 1568 1192 1609 1284 1416 1624 762 1862 2077 * The author in Book I., Fart III., p:-54, has Btated that Reading has given a Democratic majority for Governor since 1869. This is an error. Beading gave a small Repablican mtijor- ityinl872. t Vote for Hazlehnrst In connty was 112 ; total entire county (including city), 874. ELECTION EETURNS. 99 ELECTION EETURNS FOE GOVERNOR, 1863-82. 1863. 1866. 1869. 1872. 1875. 11 .g u a O >, b. |i First Ward 312 338 494 619 346 404 460 476 393 425 203 427 333 234 242 191 309 354 396 304 376 338 290 354 245 336 281 180 195 456 347 238 281 292 347 361 507 313 425 362 300 313 251 323 286 308 198 615 411 240 299 329 385 428 717 401 569 407 343 410 297 39£ 473 190 630 418 207 260 318 396 390 724 339 Second " 539 Third " 363 Fourth " 315 Fifth " 358 Sixth " ?70 Seventh" 371 Eighth " 247 Ninth " 399 Total ?,109 2158 2689 2704 3024 288ll3622 3637 3533 3201 1878. 1882. s 1 a o S3 P 1^ t> First Ward... 151 164 218 137 224 189 114 96 117 156 144 201 213 177 202 186 205 171 142 249 154 172 124 192 268 150 136 121 101 192 162 124 112 118 68 121 109 149 131 123 92 36 63 55 29 64 38 69 17 73 22 47 55 45 69 47 145 208 270 324 201 291 235 154 138 164 275 175 252 255 258 282 330 367 289 403 388 204 187 183 263 345 192 196 173 180 211 219 138 164 180 78 175 150 280 20 12 4 11 4 30 9 4 9 2 18 18 5 4 5 1 4 11 6 36 13 Second " i 2d ■" 9 fist " 1 Third " i 2d " 17 Fourth " 4 7 Fifth " i 2d " 8 I 1st " 5 Sixth " "i 2d *' 4 fist " 3 Seventh " i 2d " 5 Eighth " fist " I2d " fist " 2 7 6 Ninth " 1 2d " Tenth " 7 Eleventh " f 1st Precinct i 2d " 7 15 Total 13207 2822 1220 4871 3906 177 156 100 CITY OF READING. ELECTION RETURNS FOR PRESIDENT, 1848-80. 1848. 1852. 1856. I860. u o 1- i .^ JS u 3 i § a IS d a Hi s o T3 o H Ph oo m E fe N i-i W m Northeast Ward 361 140 378 255 547 169 17 397 419 17 32 Northwest " no 254 317 236 370 212 33 274 370 19 22 Southeast " 329 277 327 306 460 182 11 319 410 17 37 Southwest " 406 397 357 322 382 277 57 254 435 16 18 Spruce " 217 254 243 247 314 239 17 243 385 4 12 Total 1623 1322 1623 1366 2073 1079 135 1487 2019 73 121 18 1 64._ a 8 □ 1868. 1872. 1876. 1880. a c 2 O g i tn i a. a 2 lPt"W 168 362 287 187 237 183 260 294 320 9998 258 242 315 304 308 209 288 231 137 9Sq'> 209 476 349 225 269 250 342 393 533 330 463 372 347 364 286 415 350 289 119 382 277 151 177 252 246 305 445 392 534 405 349 401 288 388 344 460 192 474 419 205 281 378 422 405 469 227 419 377 427 384 361 395 299 411 337 218 147 313 12 59 16 8 2 29 19 16 11 29 18 230 r260 1326 f 187 1297 258 ,'137 1146 /160 1265 ;179 1292 f 245 1248 f276 1316 342 f243 1328 363 2d 3d 4th ■■ 1 1st t2d „ / 1st i2d ti Free. (307 1264 /181 1298 369 5th 6th 7th 8th 9lh 10th „ 1 1st l2d « r 1st l2d « / 1st t2d .. f 1st l2d « f 1st l2d Prec. 11 11 it i( li 11 (218 1220 (186 1 195 (230 1230 ( 165 1179 fl96 1 93 109 ( 180 1239 11th « i 1st t2d Prec. Total... 3046 •^'^1 fi 2354 3561 3891 3669 219 4735 4312 IlsTDEX. PASK Aldermen 80 Assemblymen : Of City 76 Of County 16 Attorneys-at-Law 22 Auditors : Of City 88 Of County , 28 Berks County Erected ; 9 Census Ta,ble, 1790-1880 ; 46 Democratic Majority for President 57 Election for President Compared 55 Election Returns for Governor, President, etc..^..., 61-72 Population, Increase of. 44 Taxables and Vote Compared : 56 Bucks County : Census of. ■. 46 Election Beturns 61-72 Censors 12 ■Census, Eemarks on 42 Increase of Berks County 44 Increase of Beading 44 Increase of State 44 Table of City, 1850-80 97 Table of County, 1790-1880..., 46 Table of State by Counties, 1850-80 47 Chester County : Census of 46 Election Eeturns 61-72 Chief Engineers of Firemen's Union .■ 97 Chiefs of Police 90 Citv Officers , 77 Clerks of Orphans' Court : ] 32 Clerks of Quarter Sessions ., 32 Commissioners of County 26 Common Schools: City Superintendents of 94 County Superintendents of 38 Congressional District of County 10 Congressional Vote of County in 1788 53 Congressmen 10 Constables of Heading 89 Constitutional Amendments : Election Eeturns on • 71-72 Eemarks on Vote for.... 59 Controllers ■' 88 Coroners 30 Councils : Common, Presidents and Clerks of. 87 Select, " " 82 102 INDEX. PASI Conncilmen : Common 82 Select 81 County Officers 18 Dauphin County : Census of......" 46 Election Eeturns 61-72 Delaware County : Census of. 46 Election Eeturns ■ 61-72 Delegates of County to Constitutional Convention of 1776 11 " " 1789-90 12 1837 ; 13 1871-73 14 Provincial Conference of 1776 11 Detectives, Special, of County ■ 26 Diriectors of the Poor 33 District Attorneys , ■- 25 Elefctions, Eemarks on 49 Election Districts Erected , 49 Election Eeturns of City for Mayor 78 " " " Governor 98 " " " President 100 " " County for Governor 61-67 President 68-70 Election Tables, Eemarks on 53-60 Engineers, of City 88 Firemen's Union 94 Companies of. 95 Officers of. 96 Foreign Ministers 11 Governor — Election Eeturns for : Of City 98 Of County , 61-67 Eemarks on : Of City 98 Of County 53 Health, Board of. , 91 Health Commissioners 92 Hiester, Gov. Jos., Election of 64 Highway Commissioners 89 Inspectors of the Prison '36 Judges 18 From 1752 to 1776 19 " 1776 to 1791 ;.'.; 19 Additional Law 21 Associate 22 Orphans' Court 22 President 21 Judicial District of County 20 Jury Commissioners ; 39 Lancaster County : Census of. 4g Election Eeturns 61-72 INDEX. 103 PAQl Lebanon County : Censusof 46 Election Returns 62-72 Lehigh County : Censusof. 46 Election Returns 62-72 License Commissioners ^ 39 License : Election Returns on '. 72 Remarks on Vote for 60 Market Commissioners 89 Mayors 78 Vote for and Majorities 78 Mercantile Appraisers 34 Montgomery Oaunty : Censusof, '. 46 Election Returns 61-72 National Representatives 9 Officers: OfCUy 77 Of County 18 Oil Inspector 41 Orphans' Court: Clerks of. 32 Judges of. 22 Pennsylvania : Census of, by Counties, 1850-80 47 Election Returns for President by Counties , 73 Election Returns, total for Governor and President 61-72 Estimated Population before 1790 42 Increase of Population 44 Vote for President by Parties, with Majorities, 1828-80 58 " " " Compared ^ 55 Philadelphia County : Censusof. 46 Election Returns 61-72 Poor Directors 33 Population : Increase of City and County 44 Table of City 97 Table of County.... ..^ 46 Table of State 47 President — Election Returns for: City ; :....: 100 County............... • ..68-70 Remarks on Vote for 54 Vote for Compared 55-58 Prison Inspectors 36 Prison Wardens 38 Prohibition : Election Returns on 72 Remarks on Vote for 60 Prothonotaries 3' Quarter Sessions, Clerks of. 32 104 INDEX. PASX Beading, Founded, etc 75 Census of. 97 Election Eeturns 98-100 Increase of Population 44r-45 OflBcers 77 Beading School District 9iJ Officers of. 93 Superintendents of. 94 Eecorders 31 Eegistera 31 Eepresentatives : City 76 County 16 National 9 State 11 Scavengers 91 Schuylkill County: Census before 1811 44 Census of, 1820-80 46 Election Betums 62-72 Sealers of Weights and Measures 35 Senators 15 Sheriffs 29 Solicitors of City 88 Special Detectives 26 State Officials from County 15 State Eepresentatives 11 Stewards of the Poor 34 Superintendents of Common Schools : City 94 County 38 Surveyors 32 Tables: Census of City 97 " " County 46 " " State 46-48 Election Eeturns of City 98-100 " " " County 61-72 " " State 61-74 Treasurers : Of City 87 Of County 28 Wardens of the Prison 38 Water Commissioners gi Weights and Measures, Sealers of. "' 35