CORNELL 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 
 
 W 
 
 UNDERGRADUATE LIBRARY 
 
Cornell University Library 
 DA 447.P42A4 1887 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924014605137 
 
SAM! 
 
 llv. .. j.'/ 11 ji 
 
DIARY AND CORRESPONDENCE 
 
 OF 
 
 >amuel ePepV^ F.R.$. 
 
 SECRETARY TO THE ADMIRALTY 
 
 IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II. AND JAMES II. 
 
 THE DIARY DECIPHERED BY THE REV. J. SMITH, A. M., 
 FROM THE ORIGINAL SHORTHAND MS. 
 
 LIFE AND NOTES BY 
 
 > 
 
 RICHARD, LORD BRAYBROOKE 
 
 mm 
 
 WITH FOUR PORTRAIT8 ON 8TEEL 
 
 IN FOUR VOLUMES 
 VOL. I 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 DAVID MCKAY, Publisher 
 610 So. Washington Square 
 
PREFACE 
 
 TO THE FOURTH EDITION. 
 
 Thm Memoirs of Samuel Pepys, and the History of his 
 Short-Hand Diary, have been so long well known to the 
 literary world, that the fourth edition of the work, com- 
 prised in the following pages, can hardly require any 
 formal or lengthened introduction. It should, however, 
 be explained, that as the edition of 1848, which had 
 found more general favour than its predecessors, was 
 already out of print, Mr. Henry Colburn, the publisher, 
 strongly urged that the book should be again brought 
 forth under my auspices, and I have ventured to accede 
 to his request. So true is the French couplet : 
 
 "On revient toujours, 
 A ses premiers amours." 
 
 There appeared, indeed, no necessity to amplify, or in 
 any way to alter the text of the Diary, beyond the cor- 
 rection of a few verbal errors and corrupt passages 
 hitherto overlooked; but care has been taken to trans- 
 plant all the notes from the Addenda in the fifth volume, 
 
 (in) 
 
; v PREFACE. 
 
 into their proper places at the bottom of the page in 
 which the first mention occurs of the person or subject to 
 which they relate ; and in all cases where references are 
 made to other parts of the Diary, dates have been substi- 
 tuted for paginal numbers, so that every passage quoted 
 may now be found with equal facility in all the editions 
 of the work. 
 
 But a still greater improvement has been carried out 
 by printing the new edition in an octavo form, owing to 
 which it is now restricted to four volumes, without any 
 of the matter being omitted ; and sufficient space is 
 afforded for the insertion of a great variety of fresh notes 
 and illustrations, and several interesting letters, hitherto 
 unpublished, have been added to the Correspondence. 
 
 We may assume that, considering the multiplicity of 
 subjects occurring throughout the Diary, very few pas- 
 sages are now left unexplained, an advantage mainly 
 attributable to the good offices of my friend Mr. John 
 Holmes of the British Museum, who, in the same spirit 
 which induced him to assist me on a former occasion, 
 came again to the rescue ; and besides contributing a 
 great many interesting notes, took the pains to verify the 
 information supplied from other sources, and to examine 
 every sheet, while the work was in the press. I hope 
 the reader will not fail duly to appreciate the value and 
 extent of these kind and most effective services, for which 
 I cannot feel sufficiently grateful, conscious as I am, at 
 my advanced age, how materially the editorial duties 
 would have suffered had I been left to my own resources. 
 
 I am also indebted to Mr. Peter Cunningham for some 
 useful notes communicated while the Diary was printing, 
 as well as for such hints as I obtained from his Hand 
 
PREFACE. T 
 
 Book of London. I should further mention, that Mr. 
 James Teowell, who was selected by Mr. Colburn to 
 re-arrange the notes and index, and to make extracts 
 from such MS. materials as he discovered in the British 
 Museum and Bodleian Library, performed his task to my 
 entire satisfaction, and is entitled to my best thanks. 
 
 In conclusion, I wish to say a few words as to the 
 history of the Diumall of Thomas Eugge, B.M. (Addi- 
 tional MSS. 10,116, 10,117), so frequently quoted in the 
 Notes, to a transcript of which, made with a view to its 
 publication, I was fortunate enough to procure access. 
 The extracts indeed might have been multiplied ad infi- 
 nitum, had it seemed expedient, for Rugge was a contem- 
 porary of Pepys, and they were both residing in London, 
 and keeping Diaries at the same time. Upon comparing 
 their respective accounts of the same transactions, it is 
 not surprising that they should agree as to the main facts ; 
 but it is satisfactory to find how often they corroborate 
 each other in the minor details, thereby affording strong 
 presumption of their veracity. The MS. is described in 
 Mr. Holmes's own words as 
 
 "mercurius politiccs redivivus;" 
 
 or, A Collection of the most materiall occurrances and transactions in 
 
 Public Affairs since Anno Dili, 1659, untill 
 
 (28 March, 1672), 
 
 serving as an annuall diumall for future satisfaction and information, 
 
 By Thomas Eugge. I 
 
 Est natura hominum novitatis avida. — Plinius. 
 
 This MS. belonged, in 1693, to Thomas Grey, second 
 Earl of Stamford. It has his autograph at the commence- 
 ment, and on the sides are his arms (four quarterings) in 
 gold. In 1819, it was sold by auction in London, as part 
 
 4 * 
 
yj PREFACE. 
 
 of the collection of Thomas Lloyd, Esq. (No. 1465), and 
 was then bought by Thomas Thorpe, bookseller. Whilst 
 Mr. Lloyd was the possessor, the MS. was lent to Dr. 
 Lingard, whose note of thanks to Mr. Lloyd is preserved 
 in the volume. From Thorpe it appears to have passed 
 to Mr. Heber, at the sale of whose MSS. in Feb. 1836, 
 by Mr. Evans of Pall-mall, it was purchased by the 
 British Museum for 81. 8s. 
 
 Thomas Rugge was descended from an ancient Norfolk 
 family, and two of his ancestors are described as Alder- 
 men of Norwich. His death has been ascertained to 
 have occurred about 1672 ; and in the Diary for the pre- 
 ceding year he complains that on account of his declining 
 health, his entries will be but few. Nothing has been 
 traced of his personal circumstances beyond the fact of 
 his having lived for fourteen years in Covent Garden, 
 then a fashionable locality. 
 
 Braybrooke. 
 
 Audley End. 
 
LIFE 
 
 OP 
 
 SAMUEL PEPYS, 
 
 Samuel Pepts, the author of the Diary, was descended 
 from a younger branch of the ancient family of that name, 
 who settled at Cottenham, in Cambridgeshire, early in the 
 sixteenth century; and are represented in Blomefield's 
 History of Norfolk to have been previously seated at Diss, 
 in that county; but he himself did not think that his 
 ancestors ever had been considerable. 1 
 
 The recent discovery of an old manuscript volume, for- 
 merly belonging to the great-uncle of our Journalist, 
 entitled, Liber Talboti Pepys de instrumentis ad Feoda per- 
 ttnentibus exemplifieatis, enables me to trace their origin to 
 a more remote period. This curious book, for the loan 
 of which I am indebted to the kindness of the Rev. John 
 Dale, Vicar of Bolney, Sussex, was found by him in 
 March, 1852, in an ancient chest in his parish Church ; and 
 contains, inter alia, the following entry : — " ANoate written 
 out of an ould Booke of my uncle, William Pepys." 
 
 " William Pepys, who died at Cottenham, 10 JET. 8, was 
 brought up by the Abbat of Crowland, 2 in Huntingdon- 
 shire, and he was borne in Dunbar, in Scotland, a gentle- 
 man, whom the said Abbat did make his Bayliffe of all 
 nis lands in Cambridgeshire, and placed him in Cotten- 
 ham, which William aforesaid had three sonnes, Thomas 
 
 1 See Diary, 10th February, 1661-2, post. 
 ' Compare 12th Juno, 1667, vol, iii., 149. 
 
 (vii) 
 
yjfl LIFE OF 
 
 John, and "William, to whom Margaret, was mother 
 naturallie, all of whom left issue." 
 
 "We come now to John Pepys, the father of Samuel, and 
 grandson of Thomas Pepys last mentioned, who was a 
 citizen of London, where he followed the trade of a tailor 
 till the year 1660; when he retired to Brampton, near 
 Huntingdon, at which place he had inherited a small pro- 
 perty, worth about 40Z. rental, from an elder brother, and 
 ended his days there in 1680. Of our author's mother, it 
 is only known that her baptismal name was Margaret, and 
 that she died in 1666-7, having had issue six sons and five 
 daughters, of which number,. three males, and one female, 
 were living in 1659. 
 
 Samuel, the eldest surviving son, was born on the 23d 
 of February, 1632-3, whether at Brampton or in London 
 cannot be decided, both places having been claimed with 
 equal confidence by his biographers. 1 From allusions in 
 the Diary, he seems to have been well acquainted with the 
 metropolis and its environs in his earliest childhood : but 
 he received the first rudiments of education at Hunting- 
 don previously to his admission into St. Paul's School, 
 where he continued till 1650, early in which year his name 
 occurs as a Sizar on the boards of Trinity College, Cam- 
 bridge. But before his academical residence commenced, 
 March 5th, 1650-1, he had removed to Magdalene College, 
 where he was elected into one of Mr. Spendluffe's scholar- 
 ships the next month ; and, in 1651, preferred to one on 
 Dr. Smith's foundation. 
 
 How long Pepys continued at Cambridge, or what pro 
 ficiency he made, we are not informed. The only notice 
 of him that has been discovered is subjoined, and is more 
 creditable to the discipline of the college than to our young 
 student. 2 On December 1, 1655, he married Elizabeth St. 
 
 1 S. Knight, who wrote The Life of Dean Golet, and was related to Pepys, says 
 Brampton positively. See Pedigree, in vol. iv. 
 
 * October 21, 1653. "Memorandum: that Peapys and Hind were solemnly 
 admonished by myself and Mr. Hill, for having been scandalously over-served 
 with drink y night before. This wia done in the presence of all the Fellowl 
 then resident, in Mr. Hill's chamber. — John Wood, Registrar." (From tht 
 Registrar* 8-book of Magdalene College.) 
 
SAMUEL PEPYS. ' a 
 
 Michel, 1 a native of Somersetshire, of whom it isrecorded, on 
 her monument, that her father was of good family, and her 
 mother descended from the Cliffords of Cumberland, though 
 there is no evidence whatever to support the assumption. 
 The best account of Mrs. Pepys's parentage is contained 
 in a letter from Balthazar St. Michel to Pepys, 8th Feb- 
 ruary, 1673-4, on the subject of his deceased sister's reli- 
 gious tenets. We learn from this paper that they were 
 the grandchildren of the High Sheriff of Anjou, in Prance, 
 all of whose family were rigid Papists, and who disin- 
 herited his son, then in the German military service, and 
 about twenty-one years of age, upon hearing of his having 
 been converted to Protestantism, and persuaded his bro- 
 ther, a rich French Chanione, to alter the disposition that 
 he had made in favour of his nephew. The youth being 
 thus deprived of any fortune, came over to England as 
 gentleman-carver to Queen Henrietta Maria, from which 
 office he was dismissed for striking a friar, who had rebuked 
 him for absenting himself from mass. He shortly after 
 married the widow of an Irish esquire, described as the 
 daughter of Sir Francis Kingsmill ; and he seems to have 
 resided with his wife at or near Bideford, in Somersetshire, 
 which, according to Mrs. Pepys's monumental inscription 
 in Appendix Gr, was her native place. At a later period, 
 St. Michel served against the Spaniards, at the taking of 
 Dunkirk and Arras ; and settling at Paris in indigent cir- 
 cumstances, he was exposed to new difficulties : for during 
 his absence from home, some " deluding Papists " and 
 
 1 The following entry of Pepys's marriage is extracted from the Register of St. 
 Margaret's, and noticed in the second edition of Walcott's Memorials of West- 
 minster, Appendix, p. 30, — " Samuell Peps of this parish, Gent., and Elizabeth 
 Marchand, de S°' Michell, of Martins-in-the-ffeilds, Spinster, were published 
 October 19, 22, 29, and were married by Eichard Sherwyn, Esqr., one of the 
 Justices of the Peace for the Cittie and Lyberties of Westminster, December 1st, 
 1655. R. V. Sherwyn." Communicated by the Rev. Mackenzie Walcott, Curate 
 of the parish. It is notorious that the registers in those times were very ill kept, 
 of which we have here a striking instance. Pepys was in the habit of annually 
 celebrating his wedding-day on the 10th of October, whereas the entry records 
 the bans to have been published on the 19th, 22d, and 29th of October, and the 
 wedding as having taken place the 1st of December. Surely a man who kept a 
 Diary could not have made such a blunder. 
 
x LIFE OF 
 
 " preterided devouts " (as the young Balthazar describes 
 them), having promised to provide for the family, inveigled 
 his wife and two children into a Roman Catholic estab- 
 lishment, whence the future Mrs. Pepys, then only twelve 
 or thirteen years old, and " extreme handsome," was re- 
 moved into " The Ursulines," then considered the strictest 
 convent in Paris. They were, however, all rescued by 
 Mr. St. Michel, who was almost distracted at what had 
 occurred, and removed his family to England, where his 
 daughter's marriage took place, though we are not told 
 how she became acquainted with Pepys. 
 
 As the young lady had only just quitted a convent, at 
 the early age of fifteen, and brought her husband no for- 
 tune, the youthful pair were doubtless glad to find an 
 asylum in the family of Pepys's cousin, Sir Edward Mon- 
 tagu, afterwards the first Earl of Sandwich, to whose good 
 offices at this juncture, and continued friendship, he owed 
 and gratefully acknowledged his subsequent advancement. 
 Of the exact situation he filled whilst under the roof of 
 his powerful relative no mention is made. We only know 
 that he underwent an operation for the stone on the 16th 
 of March, 1658, with so much success, that he for many 
 years celebrated the anniversary of his deliverance with a 
 becoming sense of the Divine mercy extended to him. 
 Shortly after his recovery, he attended Sir Edward Mon- 
 tagu upon his expedition to the Sound, and at their return 
 was employed as a clerk, under Mr. George Downing, 
 created a Baronet at the Restoration, in some office in the 
 Exchequer, connected with the pay of the Army. 
 
 About this time, he began to keep a Diary, which is 
 continued uninterruptedly from the first entry, 1 January, 
 1659-60, for above nine years, when he was obliged, from 
 defective vision, to discontinue this daily task. As he 
 availed himself of his facility in writing shorthand, he 
 was enabled safely to record his most secret thoughts, and 
 to note down his memoranda with clearness and despatch. 
 The Cipher employed by him greatly resembles that 
 known by the name of " Rich's System." which, within 
 
SAMUEL PEPYS. 
 
 XI 
 
 the memory of man, could have been easily made out by 
 many persons, as it had formed part of the regular course 
 of instruction required in the Non-conformists' academies, 
 to enable the students to make notes of lectures and ser- 
 mons. A more interesting moment for the commence- 
 ment of a journal could not well have been selected, as 
 we are at once introduced to the most minute and circum- 
 stantial details of the exciting events preceding the Resto- 
 ration. And, as our author was soon after appointed 
 secretary to the two Generals of the Fleet, and went to 
 Scheveling on board the flag-ship of his patron, Sir 
 Edward Montagu, to bring home Charles II., every occur- 
 rence is related in connexion with that memorable expe- 
 dition. It was natural to suppose that, while his Kinsman, 
 who had acted so conspicuous a part in restoring the mo- 
 narchy, was rewarded with an Earldom, and made Keeper 
 of the Great Wardrobe and Clerk of the Privy Seal, his 
 confidential servant would not remain long unemployed. 
 Accordingly, we find Pepys in the following summer 
 nominated Clerk of the Acts of the !Navy : and he entered 
 upon his new duties early in June, 1660, at which time 
 he went to reside in a house belonging to the K"avy Office 
 in Seething Lane, in the parish of St. Olave, Hart Street. 
 From this moment, his natural talents for business seem 
 to have developed themselves ; and his zeal and industry 
 soon acquired for him respect from his brother officers, 
 and the esteem of the Duke of York, with whom, as 
 Lord High Admiral, he had constant intercourse till the 
 Revolution. 
 
 It could not be expected that, in so licentious an age, 
 when love of pleasure was the order of the day, the new 
 Clerk of the Acts should have been so completely absorbed 
 by his official labours as to take no interest in the scenes 
 of dissipation which surrounded him. His first object, 
 however, was to discharge his official duties : and, when 
 we observe the many hours which he devoted to the 
 theatre, and to every sort of amusement, it becomes 
 matter of astonishment how he could have found leisure 
 
xJi LIFE OP 
 
 to despatch so much business, and to make copies of the 
 voluminous papers connected with the Wavy. They afford 
 the best proof that he laboured incessantly for the good 
 of the service, and endeavoured to check the rapacity of 
 the Contractors, by whom the Naval stores were then 
 supplied, and to establish such regulations in the Dock- 
 yards as might ensure order and economy. He also 
 strenuously advocated the promotion of the old estab- 
 lished Officers of the Navy, striving to counteract the 
 undue influence exercised by the Court minions, which 
 too often prevailed in that unprincipled Government over 
 every claim of merit or service ; and he discountenanced 
 the open system of selling places, practised in every 
 department of the State, in the most unblushing manner. 
 
 The Dutch war, which broke out in 1664, stimulated 
 Pepys to still further exertions, as all the naval energies 
 of the nation were necessarily called into action; and, 
 during the plague of 1665, when the metropolis was 
 deserted, and every branch of the service completely 
 abandoned, the whole management of the concerns of 
 the Navy devolved upon him, and he remained at his 
 post, regardless of the dangers which environed him. 
 " The sickness in general thickens round us, and particu- 
 larly upon our neighbourhood," observes Pepys, in writing 
 to. Sir "W. Coventry at this juncture. " You, sir, took your 
 turn of the sword ; I must not, therefore, grudge to take 
 mine of the pestilence." 
 
 He soon afterwards succeeded Mr. Thomas Povy as 
 Treasurer to the Commissioners for the affairs of Tangier, 
 and Surveyor-general of the Victualling department; 
 which last office he resigned when the peace was concluded. 
 
 During the Fire of London, respecting which so much 
 is said in these pages, Pepys rendered the most essential 
 service, by sending up the artificers from the Dockyards, 
 who adopted the plan of blowing up houses, and arrested 
 the progress of the flames. We come next to De Ruyter's 
 memorable enterprise against Chatham, the details of 
 which will be found highly interesting. " The loss to the 
 
SAMUEL PEPYS. 
 
 XIU 
 
 English," observes Lingard, 1 " if we consider the force of 
 the enemy, and the defenceless state of the river, was 
 much less than might have been apprehended, but the 
 disgrace sunk deep into the hearts of the King and of his 
 subjects. That England, so lately the mistress of the 
 ocean, should be unable to meet her enemies at sea, and 
 that the Dutch, whom she had so often defeated, should 
 ride triumphant in her rivers, burn her ships, and scatter 
 dismay through the capital and the country, were univer- 
 sally subjects of grief and indignation." 
 
 No wonder, then, that a Parliamentary inquiry was 
 insisted upon, in order that the authors of the alleged 
 miscarriages might be brought to condign punishment. 
 And in this spirit the Officers of the Navy Board were, on 
 the 5th of March, 1668, summoned to the Bar of the House 
 of Commons to answer for their faults, in the full expec- 
 tation of losing their places, though the difficulties with 
 which they had been beset were in fact insurmountable. 
 The debts of the Office exceeded 900,000?., its credit was 
 gone, the sailors refused to serve, the labourers to work, 
 the merchants to sell without immediate payment, and to 
 procure money from the Treasury or from the Bankers 
 was impossible. 2 To crown the whole, the King had been 
 driven, by pecuniary distress, reluctantly to sanction the 
 absurd measure of not fitting out a fleet at a moment 
 when it was most required. Such were the unpropitious 
 circumstances under which Pepys and his colleagues ap- 
 peared before their masters at Westminster (as he quaintly 
 called them), and when he was selected to conduct their 
 defence, and after speaking for three hours, so far suc- 
 ceeded in removing the prejudice against the Officers of 
 the Navy Board, that no further proceedings were taken 
 in Parliament on the subject. 
 
 The compliments which Pepys received from so many 
 different quarters upon this unexpected display of elo- 
 quence must have been highly nattering, and the particu- 
 
 1 History of England. ' Lingard. 
 
 Vol. L— 2 
 
xiv LIFE 0F 
 
 lars are too minutely detailed in the Diary to leave any 
 doubt on the subject. Still, it does not appear that he 
 ever afterwards rose to distinction as a Parliamentary 
 Speaker, though he sat for many years in the House of 
 Commons, 1 and occasionally took part in the debates. 
 In the following summer our author was obliged to dis- 
 continue his Diary, owing to the increasing weakness of 
 his eyes, which had long been impaired by his incessant 
 correspondence, and the use of shorthand ; but, although 
 he was apprehensive of entirely losing his sight, the dis- 
 order does not seem to have gained ground during the 
 remainder of his long life. At all events, some relaxation 
 from business had become necessary, after nine years' un- 
 interrupted labour: Pepys accordingly obtained a few 
 months' leave of absence, which enabled him to make a 
 tour through Prance and Holland, accompanied by his 
 wife. Upon this excursion he often dwells with pleasure 
 in his Correspondence ; and he appears, from one of his 
 letters to Charles H., to have occupied himself while 
 abroad in making collections respecting the French and 
 Dutch Navy ; so anxious was he at all times to improve 
 his knowledge of nautical affairs, and to acquire useful 
 information connected with his favourite employments. 
 
 Shortly after his return home, he had the misfortune to 
 lose his wife, who died at his house in Hart Street, on 
 the 10th of November, 1669, leaving him no issue. She 
 had been ill only a few days, though her delicate state of 
 health is often alluded to in the Diary. Previously to 
 her death, she, with her husband, received the Sacrament 
 from Dr. Milles, the rector of the parish ; thus, in hei 
 last moments, removing the fears which he had long 
 entertained of her being disposed to the Roman Catholic 
 faith. 
 
 This melancholy event prevented Pepys from attending 
 the ensuing election at Aldborough, in Suffolk, for which 
 
 1 He had served once for Castle Rising, and represented Harwich in two parlia- 
 ments, and made his election for that place in 1685, when he was also chosen fof 
 Sandwich. 
 
SAMUEL PBPTS. X7 
 
 borough lie had been proposed as a candidate, in lieu of 
 Sir Robert Brookes, 1 lately deceased ; but his friends 
 exerted themselves to the utmost to procure his election. 
 His cause was also openly and warmly espoused by the 
 Duke of York and Lord Henry Howard; 2 but all their 
 efforts failed, and the contest ended in favour of the 
 popular party. In January, 1673, Pepys was chosen 
 burgess for Castle Eising, 3 on Sir Robert Paston's* eleva- 
 tion to the Peerage ; but his unsuccessful opponent, Mr. 
 Offley, petitioning against the return, the Election was 
 determined to be void by the Committee of Privileges. 
 The Parliament, however, being prorogued the following 
 month, without the House's coming to any vote on the 
 subject, Pepys was permitted to retain his seat. 5 The 
 
 1 Sir Robert Brookes, Lord of the Manor of Wanstead, from 1662 to 1667 ; M.P. 
 for Aldborough in Suffolk. Be afterwards retired to Prance, in bad circumstances, 
 and from a letter among the Pepys MSS., appears to have been drowned in the river 
 at Lyons. 
 
 a Second son of Henry Earl of Arundel : in 1669, created Baron Howard, of 
 Castle Rising ; and, in 1672, advanced to the Earldom of Norwich, Upon the death 
 of his elder brother Thomas, s. p., in 1677, he became the sixth Duke of Norfolk. 
 He was a great benefactor to the Royal Society, and presented the Arundel Mar- 
 bles to the University of Oxford. Ob. January, 1683-4. 
 
 ' Pepys's papers relating to the Castle Rising Election are in Rawlinson, 
 A. 172. 
 
 * Sir Robert Paston was created Baron and Viscount Yarmouth in 1673, and 
 advanced to the Earldom by the same title in 1679. The honours all became 
 extinct on the death of his son, William, the seoond Peer, oireiter 1733. See vol. 
 iv., p. 203. 
 
 * " The House then proceeding upon the debate touching the Election for Castle 
 Rising, between Mr. Pepys and Mr. Offley, did, in the first place, take into consi- 
 deration what related personally to Mr. Pepys. Information being given to the 
 House that they had received an account from a person of quality, that he saw an 
 Altar with a Crucifix upon it, in the house of Mr. Pepys; Mr. Pepys, standing up 
 in his place, did heartily and flatly deny that be ever had any Altar or Crucifix, 
 or the image or picture of any saint whatsoever in his house, from the top to the 
 bottom of it; and the Members being called upon to name the person that gave 
 them the information, they were unwilling to declare it without the order of the 
 House ; which, being made, they named the Earl of Shaftesbury; and the House 
 being also informed that Sir J. Banks did likewise see the Altar, he was ordered 
 to attend the Bar of the House, to declare what he knew of this matter. Ordered 
 that Sir William Coventry, Sir Thomas Meeres, and Mr. Garraway do attend Lord 
 Shaftesbury on the like occasion, and receive what information his Lordship can 
 
 give on this matter." — Journals of the Mouse of Commons, vol. ix., p. 306. 
 
 "13th February, Sir W. Coventry reports that they attended the Earl of Shaftes- 
 bury, and received from bim the account which they had put in writing. The 
 Earl of Shaftesbury denieth that he ever saw an Altar in Mr. Pepys's house or 
 lodgings ; as to the Crucifix, he Baith he hath some imperfect memory of seeing 
 
xyi LIFE OF 
 
 grounds upon which the Committee decided do not 
 appear ; hut the proceedings of the House on the subject, 
 as entered on the Journals, are given in the note below. 
 They exhibit a striking and most disgusting picture of 
 the spirit of those times. It was charged against Pepys, 
 that a crucifix had been seen in his house, from which it 
 was inferred that he was " a Papist, or Popishly inclined ;" 
 and this vague suspicion, not of a man's actions, but of 
 his belief or his inclinations, was deemed by the House 
 the first subject to be inquired into in the adjudication of 
 a controverted election. From the result, however, of 
 this examination, neither the fact nor the inference 
 received the smallest support. They had been grounded 
 on the reported assertions of Sir John Banks and the 
 Earl of Shaftesbury. Banks explicitly denied the whole. 
 Shaftesbury's evidence I forbear to characterize : such as 
 it is, the reader may see it in the note. Painful, indeed, 
 is it to reflect to what lengths the bad passions which 
 party violence inflames could in those days carry a man 
 of Shaftesbury's rank, station, and abilities. We also 
 collect from Cole's MS. Athense Qantabrigienses, 1 that, 
 some years afterwards, Shaftesbury, in his eagerness to 
 fix the odium of Sir Edmundbury Godfrey's murder 3 
 
 somewhat which he conceived to be a Crucifix. When his Lordship was asked 
 the time, he said it was before the burning of the Ofiice of the Navy. Being askod 
 concerning the manner, he said he could not remember whether it were painted or 
 carved, orin what manner the thing was ; and that his memory was so very imperfect 
 in it, that if he were upon his oath he could give no testimony." — Ibid., vol. ix., 
 
 p. 309. " 16th February — Sir John Banks was called in — The Speaker desired 
 
 him to answer what acquaintance he had with Mr. Pepys, and whether he used 
 to have recourse to him to his house, and had ever seen there any Altar or Crucifix, or 
 whether he knew of his being a Papist, or Popishly inclined. Sir J. Banks said 
 tthat he had known and had been acquainted with Mr. Pepys several years, and 
 had often visited him and conversed with him at the Navy Ofiice, aad at his house 
 there upon several occasions ; and that he never saw in his house there any Altar 
 or Crucifix, and that he does not believe him to be a Papist, or that way inclined 
 in the least, nor had any reason or ground to think or believe it." — Ibid, vol, ix., 
 p. 310. 
 
 1 In the British Museum. 
 
 * The attempt to connect Pepys with the murder of Sir Edmund Bury Godfrey, 
 by bringing his clerk, Samuel Atkins, to trial, and thereby to implicate the Duke 
 of York, is noticed in North's Examen, p. 284, In the same passage, Pepys, in 
 1678, though then only forty-five years of age, is described as an " elderly gentle, 
 man, who had known softness and the pleasures of life." The proceedings against 
 
SAMUEL PEPYS. Tvn 
 
 upon the Eoman Catholics, threatened the principal 
 witness examined during that inquiry with the utmost 
 rigour, in case she refused to say that Sir John Banks, 
 Mr. Pepys, and Monsieur de Puy, 1 a servant of the Duke 
 of York's, had obliged her to depose to the fact of God- 
 frey's having destroyed himself. 
 
 A fact of the same character, but of a still deeper hue, 
 is told by an unexceptionable witness. Burnet was among 
 the warmest and ablest antagonists of the Church of 
 Eome ; and he was also, in his general opinions, an adhe- 
 rent of the same political party to which Shaftesbury 
 belonged : but, when he relates the detestable imposture 
 of the Popish plot, he bears against that great promoter 
 of those proceedings an honest and memorable testimony. 
 He is speaking of the persecution of Staley, the first vic- 
 tim of those horrid perjuries. " "When I heard," he says, 
 " who the witnesses were, I thought I was bound to do 
 what I could to stop it ; so I sent both to the Lord Chan- 
 cellor and to the Attorney-General, to let them know 
 what profligate wretches these witnesses were. Jones, the 
 Attorney-General, took it ill of me that I should dispa- 
 rage the King's evidence." He then speaks of the 
 clamour raised on this occasion against himself, and adds, 
 "I had likewise observed, to several persons of weight, 
 how many incredible things there were in the evidence 
 that was given. I wished they would make use of the 
 heat the nation was in to secure us effectually from 
 Popery : we saw certain evidence to carry us so far as to 
 graft that upon it ; 2 but I wished they would not run too 
 hastily to the taking men's lives away upon such testimo- 
 
 Atkins are fearful; the Spanish Inquisition could not have been a more wioked 
 tribunal. For an account of Atkins's Case and other documents about Sir B. B. 
 Godfrey's murder, see Rawlinson, A. 173. 
 
 1 Yeoman of the Robes to the Duke of York, with a salary of 60£. 
 
 1 He here alludes, probably, to the projected exclusion of the Duke of York from 
 the throne, a measure for which abundant cause has been given. The only real 
 Popish Plot was the plot of the King and his brother. They, and not the wretched 
 victims in this persecution, had conspired with France to subvert the religion and 
 liberties of a people, to whose ill-requited loyalty they had been so recently and 
 so largely indebted. 
 
 2* B 
 
xviii LIFE OF 
 
 nies. Lord Hollis had more temper than I expected from 
 a man of his heat. Lord Halifax was of the same mind. 
 But the Earl of Shaftesbury could not bear the discourse : 
 he said, ' We must support the evidence, and that all those 
 who undermined the credit of the witnesses were to be 
 looked on as public enemies' " x This passage requires no 
 comment. The charge against Pepys was in truth a heavy 
 one — that of hypocrisy and dissimulation in matters of 
 religion : it is sufficiently refuted by this view of the 
 principles and conduct of him who was the chief instiga- 
 tor, as well as the chief witness in the case ; but with 
 respect to the religion of Pepys, these volumes supply 
 conclusive information. He was educated in the pure 
 and reformed faith of the Church of England. To that 
 he adhered through life, and in that he died. In some 
 of the earliest pages of his Diary, how interesting are the 
 accounts of his attendance on the worship of that Church, 
 when her rites were adminstered to a scattered flock by a 
 few faithful and courageous men, who met for that pur- 
 pose in secret and in danger, like the Fathers of the 
 primitive Church under the tyranny of their heathen 
 persecutors ! After the Restoration, the confidential 
 servant of the Duke of York, and the Secretary of the 
 Admiralty to Charles the Second and James the Second, 
 saw, undoubtedly, how much his temporal interests would 
 be promoted by his conversion to that faith which both 
 those Princes had embraced, and for the propagation of 
 which the last of them, his immediate patron, manifested 
 such a bigoted and fanatical enthusiasm. But there is no 
 reason for believing that any such temptation ever entered 
 into his mind ; or, if it did, the reader will see, at the 
 close of this Memoir, the most satisfactory proofs that it 
 was steadily and successfully resisted. 
 
 Upon the death of Sir Thomas Page, Provost of King's 
 College, in August 1681, 2 Pepys was recommended by his 
 
 1 Burnet, History of His Own Time, 1678. 
 
 1 Bentley's Pepys Correspondence, vol. i., pp. 265 — 272. 
 
SAMUEL PEPYS. x Jj 
 
 friend, Mr. S. Maryon, Fellow of Clare Hall, to apply to 
 the King for the appointment, being assured that the 
 Eoyal Mandate, if obtained, would secure his election. 
 Nothing further seems, however, to have been done in the 
 matter, beyond Pepys writing to explain that he would 
 only accept the office on the condition of his employing 
 his retirement in putting together the Collections which , 
 he had been so long engaged in arranging connected with 
 Naval Subjects, for the use of the public ; and he added 
 that the profits of the Provostship during the first year, 
 computed at 700Z. and not less than a full half in each 
 succeeding year, should, in the event of his appointment, 
 be dedicated to the general use and advantage of the 
 College. 1 
 
 In the summer of 1673, the Duke of York having 
 resigned all his employments, upon the passing of the 
 Test Act, his Majesty called Pepys into his own service, 
 as Secretary for the affairs of the Navy, and he had suffi- 
 cient interest to procure the joint-appointment of Clerk 
 of the Acts for Thomas Hayter, who had been for many 
 years his confidential Clerk, and John Pepys, his only 
 surviving brother, who held the place till his death, in 
 1677. 2 The Secretary to the Navy acquired additional 
 credit in his new station ; but it did not prove a bed of 
 roses, for he once more excited the envy and malice of 
 his enemies, who lost no opportunity of revenging them- 
 selves upon the Duke of York, by directing their attacss 
 against all his dependents. Accordingly, during the tur- 
 bulent juncture of the Popish Plot, complaints having 
 been made in the House of Commons of various miscar- 
 riages in the Navy, a committee was appointed to inquire 
 into the circumstances, in which Mr. Harbord, 3 Burgess ' 
 
 J John Coplestone was made Provost. He died in 1689. 
 
 ' See the King's warrant in Rawlinson, A. 180, fol. 189. 
 
 1 "William Harbord, of Cadbury, co. Somerset, 2nd son of Sir Charles Harbord, 
 Surveyor-General : he was twice married, but died at Belgrade, in July, 1692, 
 J. p. m. Harbord's papers about the Naval Miscarriages and Pepys's repliea 
 are in Rawlinson, A. 181. Judging from the number of these documents, 
 ft must have given Pepys the greatest trouble and uneasiness. Amongst other 
 
jjj LIFE OF 
 
 for Thetford, took the lead against Pepys and Sir Anthony 
 Deane. 1 They were accused, on the depositions of Colo- 
 nel John Scott and others, of sending secret particulars 
 respecting the English Navy to the French government, 
 in order to assist in the design of dethroning the King 
 and extirpating the Protestant religion ; and Pepys was 
 again charged with being a Boman Catholic, and a great 
 favourer of that party. They were committed to the 
 Tower, under the Speaker's warrant, May 22d, 1679. On 
 the 2nd of June, both prisoners were brought to the Bar 
 of the King's Bench, when bail being denied them, their 
 counsel pressed for a speedy trial, which the Attorney- 
 General refused, upon the ground that he expected more 
 evidence of their treasonable correspondence with France. 
 They were then remanded to the Tower, and after being 
 brought up a second and third time, allowed to find secu- 
 rity in 30,000?. ; and, though they subsequently appeared 
 in Court four times more, the trial was always postponed 
 upon the same plea. 2 At length, on February 12th, 
 1679-80, they moved by counsel to be discharged : and, 
 on the Attorney-General's stating that Scott now refused 
 to acknowledge the truth of his original deposition, upon 
 which the whole charge rested, the prisoners were relieved 
 
 things there are the original papers found in Scott's closet at his lodging 
 in Canning Street, after his flight, as well as the following memorandum: — 
 " That about the time of Mr. Pepys's surrender of his employment of Secretary 
 of the Admiralty, Capt. Russell and myself being in discourse about Mr. Pepys, 
 Mr. Russell delivered himself in these or other words to this purport: — That 
 he thought it might be of advantage to both, if a good understanding were had 
 between his brother Harbord and Mr. Pepys, asking me to propose it to Mr. 
 Pepys, and he would to his brother, which I agreed to, and went immediately 
 from him to Mr. Pepys, and telliDg him of this discourse, he gave me readily this 
 answer in these very words : — That he knew of no service Mr. Harbord could 
 doe him, or if he could, he should be the last man in England he would leceive 
 any from." 
 
 1 For notices of the charges against Pepys and Sir Anthony Deane, see Harris's 
 Charles the Second, vol. ii., pp. 237-239 ; and Grey's Debates, vol. vii., pp. SOS- 
 SIS. In Rawlinson, A. 173, fol. 180, is the following MS. : — " Plane Truth, or 
 Closet Discorce betwixt Pepys and Hewers." The orthography is wretched, and 
 would seem to be in the writing of James, the butler, as it immediately follows 
 Ms Charge. There is a printed" copy of a pamphlet with a similar title in the 
 Library of the Corporation of London. It possesses no sort of merit, but for 
 Bcurrihfcy could not be surpassed. See vol. iv., p. 59, note 2. 
 
 ' See Appendix M. 
 
SAMUEL PBPYS. XXj 
 
 from their bail, and their motion was acceded to on the 
 first day of the next term, with the consent of the Law 
 Officers of the Crown. 
 
 It is, indeed, difficult to recur to such unjust and arbi- 
 trary proceedings without disgust; but the accusation 
 being so serious, it seems due to the characters of the 
 parties suspected to examine the allegations closer. On 
 reference to the papers still extant, in which the whole case 
 is detailed, it appears that numerous affidavits were made 
 by persons resident in France, Holland, America, and 
 England, all agreeing as to the infamy of Scott's cha- 
 racter. "We are also informed, in the Correspondence, 
 that he was afterwards obliged to quit the country pre- 
 cipitately, having killed a coachman in a fray, for which 
 offence he was outlawed. It is farther stated that a 
 principal witness against Pepys, named James, 1 formerly 
 his butler, had deposed before the Committee to his 
 master's being a Roman Catholic ; and that Morelli, who 
 lived with him, though engaged under pretence of 
 teaching him music, was a priest in disguise. 2 But, on 
 his own apprehension, James confessed that he had 
 invented the whole story, at the instigation of Mr. Har- 
 bord, who had held out promises and rewards to him, 
 through Colonel Mansell and Mr. Alexander Harris : and 
 he swore to this recantation before several witnesses. In 
 addition to these exculpatory facts, we have the testimony 
 of Evelyn, who mentions in his Diary (4th June 1679), 
 that he dined with Pepys, then a prisoner in the Tower, 
 and believed him to be unjustly accused. 
 
 1 John James, of Glentworth, co. Lincoln. He had been servant to Sir William 
 Coventry, and was recommended to Pepys by Sir R. Mason. See James's evidence 
 against Pepys in Grey's Debates, vol. vii., p. 304. 
 
 a When the charges against Pepys were being debated in the Commons, Sir 
 Francis Rolle sarcastically remarked, that " Pepys has been very unfortunate in 
 his servants ; one accused to be in the plot (Atkins, his Socretary) ; another, his 
 best maid, found in bed with his butler; another accused to be a Jesuit! Very 
 unfortunate!" To which Pepys replied, "All know I am unfortunate in my 
 servants but I hope that it is no crime to be so. I have not taken servants at 
 haphazard. I have bond for James, and a recommendation of Morelli. That I 
 am unfortunate is my misfortune." — Grey's Delates, vol. vii., p. 310. 
 
XX11 
 
 LIFE OF 
 
 In the mean time, Charles II. again changed the con 
 stitution of the Admiralty; owing to which arrangement, 
 the nation lost the benefit of Pepys's services therein ; 
 but he had the honour of attending his royal master for 
 ten days at Newmarket, in October, 1680, on which occa- 
 sion he took down in shorthand, from the King's own 
 month, the Narrative, since frequently published, of 
 Charles's escape, after the battle of "Worcester. 
 
 In September, 1683, Pepys was again brought into 
 notice, having received the King's commands to accom- 
 pany Lord Dartmouth on the expedition for demolishing 
 Tangier. 1 Upon this occasion, he so far resumed the 
 use of shorthand as to make some meagre notes respect- 
 ing the voyage, and the destruction of the Mole, which 
 were deciphered and published, in 1841, from the MS. in 
 the Bodleian Library. These memoranda, however, are 
 not to be compared in interest with any part of the 
 Original Diary ; still we cannot but regret that, as 
 Pepys's eyesight must have been improved, he did not 
 resume his former occupation as a journalist. During his 
 absence from England, he took the opportunity of making 
 excursions into Spain, as he had formerly done into 
 Prance, Flanders, Holland, Sweden, and Denmark; not 
 to mention his lesser voyages with the Duke of York, 
 and especially one to Scotland in the preceding year, 
 during which he had the good fortune to be on board his 
 
 1 The following letter of credit from Mr. Houblon at this juncture, in Pepys's 
 behalf, shows the estimation in which he was held by his friends : — 
 
 London, August 8, 1683. 
 Mr. Richard Gough — This goes by my deare friend Mr. Pepys, who is embarqued 
 on board the Grafton man-of-warr, commanded by our Lord Dartmouth, who is 
 Admiral of the King's Fleet for this Expedition. If Mr. Pepys's occasions draw 
 him to Cadiz, you know what love and respect I bear him, so that I need not use 
 arguments with you for to serve him there, which I am sure you will do to the 
 utmost of your power. And wherein you find yourself deficient, either for want 
 of language or knowing the country, oblige your friends to help you, that he may 
 have all the pleasure and divertisement there that Cales can afford him. And if 
 his occasions require any money, you will furnish him what he desires, placing it 
 to my account. I shall write you per next post concerning other matters. I am, 
 your loving Friend, James Hodblou. 
 
 — Rawlinson, MS. 
 
SAMUEL PEPTS. xxift 
 
 own yacht, 1 when the Gloucester was lost, and the Duke 
 and a small number only of that ship's company were 
 saved. 
 
 From the Tangier expedition Pepys returned the fol- 
 lowing spring ; and the King having himself resumed the 
 office of High Admiral, he was " by the Royal commands, 
 neither sought for nor foreseen, but brought to him ex- 
 pressly by Lord Dartmouth from Windsor," 2 constituted 
 Secretary for the affairs of the Admiralty, with a salary 
 of 500Z. per annum, in which office he continued during 
 the remainder of the reign, and the whole of that of his 
 successor, whose confidence he had so long and so 
 deservedly enjoyed; 3 so much so, that the curious cir- 
 cumstance respecting Charles's becoming a Roman 
 Catholic on his death-bed, related by Evelyn (Diary, 2nd 
 October, 1685,) rests chiefly upon the authority of Pepys, 
 to whom James himself had communicated all the par- 
 ticulars. "We are also told, that when that Monarch was 
 sitting to Kneller for his picture, 4 intended as a present 
 to the Secretary, news coming of the Prince of Orange 
 having landed, the King, with the utmost composure, 
 desired the painter to proceed and finish the portrait, 
 that his good friend might not be disappointed. 
 
 The naval history of the period, from Pepys's committal 
 to the Tower to the Abdication of James IL, and the part 
 borne by him therein, will be found fully and elegantly 
 
 1 The Catherine. See Correspondence. 
 
 1 Pepys's own words in speaking of the transaction. 
 
 " A letter from to John Ellis, Secretary to the Irish Revenue, dated 
 
 London, 6th April, 1686, and printed in the Second Series of Sir H. Ellis's Corre- 
 spondence, vol. iv., p. 91, is not very complimentary to Pepys or his friend Hewer. 
 The writer, in speaking of an application for some naval promotion, says, " Pepyt 
 would value Lord Ossory's recommendation at no mean rate, though Eure and he 
 together neglect all, where money chinks not." Sir Henry Ellis quotes also the 
 following passage from another letter in the same volume (British Museum, MS. 
 Donat, p. 35), dated London, 10th April, 1686: — "I shall urge your monkish 
 
 brother all I can, and imagine his personal interest in will do. He 
 
 tells me he discoursed Pepys ahout the matter, who told him all was settled. 1 
 know the griping character of both him and Eure, and what rates every poor 
 boson (boatswain) pays for what he has purchased with his blood, and many years' 
 hardships." 
 
 * Lately in the possession of the Coekorell family, and engraved by Vertne. 
 
xxiv LIFE 0F 
 
 detailed in his Memoirs, published in 1690, which the 
 reader may consult for his more ample satisfaction. 
 From this little tract, as well as many passages in the 
 Diary, it may be seen how erroneously the merit of 
 renovating the navy has been assigned to James II. by 
 his biographers. Dr. Stanier Clarke, 2 in particular, dwells 
 upon the essential and lasting benefit which that Monarch 
 conferred on his country, by building up and regenerating 
 the Naval Power ; and asserts, as a proof of the King's 
 great ability, that the regulations still enforced under the 
 orders of the Admiralty are nearly the same as those origi- 
 nally drawn up by him. It becomes due therefore to 
 Pepys's memory to explain that, for these improvements, 
 the value of which is unquestionable, we are indebted 
 to him, and not to his Royal Master. To establish this 
 fact, it is only necessary to refer to the MSS. connected 
 with the subject, in the Bodleian and Pepysian Libraries, 
 by which the extent of Pepys's official labours can alone 
 be appreciated ; and we even find in the Diary, 3 that a 
 long letter of regulation, produced before the Commis- 
 sioners of the ISTavy by the Duke of York, in 1668, as his 
 own composition, was entirely written by the Clerk of the 
 Acts. 
 
 Upon the accession of "William and Mary, Pepys lost 
 his official employments ; and the Electors of Harwich, 
 unmindful of his services in former Parliaments, and 
 naturally jealons of his attachment to the exiled Monarch, 
 refused, after a slight struggle, to return him to the Con- 
 vention. He retired consequently into private life, trust- 
 ing that he should be allowed to end his days in tranquil- 
 lity, and the enjoyment of literary society, for which his 
 
 1 There is a small book in the Pepysian Library, entitled, A relation of the 
 Trouble* in the Court of Portugal in 1667 and 8, by S. P. Esq"., London, 1677, 
 12mo; of which Watt states Pepys to have been the author. — See Biblio. Britan. 
 It seems to be a translation of a work in the King's Library, B.M., called " Rela- 
 tion des Troubles arrivez dans la Cour de Portugal en 1667-68, par Blrain de 1» 
 Piquetierre," Amsterdam, 1674. 12mo. 
 
 3 See Memoirs of James II. 
 See Diary, July and August, 1668, yasm'm, for the particulars. 
 
SAMUEL PBPTS. 
 
 XXV 
 
 various acquirements so peculiarly qualified him. Never 
 theless, he was soon again disturbed by the virulence of 
 his enemies, who, in June, 1690, procured his committal 
 to the Gatehouse, 1 upon pretence of his being still too 
 well affected to the exiled King ; but he shortly obtained 
 leave, on account of ill health, to return to his own 
 house, and there is no farther mention of the charge ; 
 though, even in 1692, he apprehended some fresh perse- 
 cution, being obliged (as be himself observes) to enjoy 
 his otium without the company of more of his books and 
 papers than he was willing should be visited and dis- 
 turbed. Owing to this precaution, the large portion of 
 original Pepys MSS. which remained in York Buildings 
 were ultimately lost to Magdalene College, Cambridge, 
 never having passed into the hands of Mr. Jackson, who 
 had a life interest in all his Uncle's Collections. What 
 became of these literary treasures during the interval is 
 not known, but eventually, Dr. Rawlinson obtained them, 
 as he said, "Thus et odores vendentibus," and they were 
 included in the bequest of his books to the Bodleian 
 Library. They are comprised in about fifty volumes, and 
 relate principally to Naval affairs; but though they have 
 lately been carefully examined, nothing of much value 
 was elicited. A few of the most interesting letters are, 
 indeed, inserted in the Correspondence, in addition to 
 those previously printed, and some notes illustrating 
 doubtful passages in the Memoirs have been gleaned 
 from the perusal of the different MSS. 
 
 The Books in the Pepysian Library still look well, 
 having been constantly guarded from dust, and, with a 
 few exceptions, in morocco and vellum, are in uniform 
 calf binding. They all bear Pepys's Coat of Arms on 
 their boards, on the first of which are the Two Anchors 
 
 1 The Gate-bouse was a prison in Westminster, near to the western entrance to 
 the Abbey from Tothill Street. It belonged to the Dean and Chapter, and was by 
 their orders pulled down in 1776, being in a ruinous condition. Many consider- 
 able persons had been, from the earliest times, confined there. — See Walcott's 
 Westminster, pp. 273, 274. 
 
 Vol. I. — 3 
 
of the Admiralty crossed behind a shield, incribed SAM 
 PEPYS CAE ET JAC ANGL REGIB A SECRETIS 
 ADMIRALLE. The shield is surmounted by his Crest. 
 On the last board are his Arms and his Motto — 
 
 MENS CUJUSQTJE IS EST QUISQUE. 
 
 Within the title on the back is his portrait, by R. White, 
 after EJneller, with his name and description above, and 
 the motto below. 1 
 
 Pepys seems to have been fond of sitting for his picture 
 from the commencement of his official career, and there 
 are several portraits of him extant. Amongst these may 
 be mentioned two at Magdalene College, and one, by 
 Kneller, still in the possession of the Royal Society, to 
 whom Pepys presented it when their President. Another 
 picture of him, by the same master, was sold at the 
 Cockerell auction in 1849. There are also several en- 
 gravings taken from these portraits, besides those given 
 in the different editions of the Memoirs. 
 
 We are assured, that, notwithstanding political preju- 
 dices and the bitterness of party spirit, Pepys was very 
 generally consulted up to the time of his death, and looked 
 upon as an oracle in all matters concerning the Navy ; 
 and, as far as the difficulties of the times allowed him op- 
 portunity, he continued uniformly anxious to point out 
 any improvement likely to benefit the service to which he 
 had so long been an ornament. 
 
 Nor were the leisure hours of his retirement spent in 
 an useless manner, as he devoted himself to the restora- 
 tion of the government of Christ's Hospital to its 
 pristine purity; and he succeeded in preserving from 
 impending ruin the Mathematical Foundation there, 
 which had been originally designed by him, and, through 
 his anxious solicitations, endowed and cherished by his 
 two Royal Masters. 
 
 1 Hartsborne's Book Rarities of Cambridge. 
 
SAMUEL PBPTS. xxv Jj 
 
 The estimation in which Pepys was held for his literary 
 attainments had raised him, in 1684, to the high station 
 of President of the Royal Society, which he filled during 
 two years with credit and ability. After he had relin- 
 quished the office, he was in the habit of entertainirg 
 some of the most distinguished members of that learned 
 body, on Saturday evenings, in York Buildings, where 
 they assembled for the discussion of literary subjects, and 
 the encouragement of the liberal arts. To the dissolution 
 of these meetings, occasioned by the increasing infirmities 
 of their Founder, Evelyn adverts in his letters, in terms 
 of the strongest regret: nor could a person of his 
 enlightened mind fail to derive the most heartfelt grati- 
 fication from witnessing so many of his contemporaries 
 eagerly devoting the small remnant of their lives to the 
 cultivation of science and the encouragement of useful 
 knowledge. 
 
 Another portion of his fruitful recess the Author of the 
 Diary set apart for the arrangement of his extensive 
 collections, obtained, at an immense cost, for the general 
 history of the Navalia of England, which he had pro- 
 mised to the public ; but age and ill health intervening, 
 he was deprived of the vigour and opportunities requisite 
 for completing the work ; and it remains a desideratum 
 to this day. 
 
 Of his munificence, as a patron of literature, the 
 numerous books dedicated to Pepys furnish ample testi- 
 mony ; and in the Preface to Willoughby's Historia Pig- 
 mum, 1684, he is justly styled by Mr. Ray, " Ingenuarum 
 Artium, et Eruditorum Eautor et Patronus eximius," as 
 having contributed no fewer than sixty plates to that 
 work. He was also a considerable benefactor to St. Paul's 
 School, and a subscriber to the New Court at Magdalene 
 College. 
 
 Of his tender affection to his parents, the Diary affords 
 many instances; and his liberality, at a time when he was 
 far from rich, in giving his sister, Mrs. Paulina Jackson, 
 600Z. as a marriage portion, is worthy of mention. Not 
 
xxviii LIFE OF 
 
 did his kindness to the family terminate here, as he took 
 charge of her two sons, who were left orphans when 
 children, and wholly unprovided for, and educated them 
 at his own expense. Samuel, the eldest, contracting 
 extravagant habits early in life, and making a discredit- 
 able marriage, forfeited all claim to further favour, nor is 
 it known what became of him, while his brother John 
 lived to repay the kindness shown to him. After com- 
 pleting his studies at Magdalene College, he was sent, 
 under the auspices of his uncle, to make a tour of Italy 
 and Spain ; and on his return, being received once more 
 under his benefactor's roof, ultimately inherited his pro- 
 perty, as a reward for the attentions with which he had 
 soothed his declining years. 
 
 It may be right to notice, that Pepys was examined at 
 the trial of the seven Bishops, on which occasion he 
 deposed that he had been present at the Council when the 
 prelates were committed ; but his evidence, as to their 
 delivering the petition to the King, was not conclusive. 
 Between his attachment to the Protestant religion, and 
 his fear of offending his Boyal Master, he was doubtless 
 very glad to make his escape from the witness-box, 
 without being further questioned. 
 
 Our author's valuable life was now drawing gradually 
 to a close. By the too continued exercises of his mind, 
 without any consideration to his advanced age, he had 
 destroyed his constitution, long before impaired by the 
 stone. On this account, the physicians persuaded him, 
 in 1700, to bid adieu to York Buildings, and retire, for 
 the sake of change of air and repose, to the seat of his 
 old friend and servant, William Hewer, at Clapham. 1 
 Nor could a more eligible retreat have been selected, nor 
 a kinder companion than that cherished individual, whose 
 amiable qualities and disinterested gratitude to his patron, 
 under circumstances of no common difficulty, entitle him 
 
 1 There is a Report in one of Peere Williams's volumes of the Proceedings before 
 the Court of Chancery, respecting the Will of Mr. Hewer, of Clapham, who died 
 very rich. The case is " Hewer t>. Edgeley." 
 
SAMUEL PEPTS. j^ 
 
 to the highest commendation. 1 Here, also, Pepys still 
 persevered in the same studious occupations ; and with tho 
 greater intenseness, as he was less exposed to interrup- 
 tion : the object of his removal was consequently frus- 
 trated, and he consummated the ruin of his health, and 
 expired, after a lingering illness, May 26, 1703. 
 
 Though he lived in an age when religious duties were 
 too generally neglected, and even ridiculed, Pepys retained 
 the habit, acquired in his earliest youth, of constantly 
 attending the service of the Church of England, and was 
 for many years a regular attendant at the Sacrament. 
 Upon this subject, the Certificate which follows, copied 
 from the original in the Bodleian Library, must not be 
 omitted : — 
 
 May 22, 1681. 
 
 I, Daniel Milles, Doctor in Divinity, present (and for above twenty 
 yeares last past) Rector of the parish of St. Olave's, Hart Street, 
 London, doe hereby certify that Samuel Pepys, Esq., some time one of 
 the principall Officers and Commissioners of his Majestie's Navy, and 
 since Secretary of the Admiralty of England, became (with his family) 
 an inhabitant of the said Parish, about the month of June, in the yeare 
 of our Lord 1660, and so continued (without intermission) for the space 
 of thirteen yeares — viz., untill about the same month in the year 1673, 
 when he was called thence to attend his Majesty in his said Secretary- 
 ship : during all which time, the said Mr. Pepys and his whole family 
 were constant attendants upon the public worship of God and his holy 
 Ordinances, (under my ministration,) according to the Doctrine and 
 Discipline of the Church of England, established by Law, without the 
 least appearance or suggestion had of any inclination towards Popery, 
 either in himself or any of his family ; his Lady receiving the Holy 
 Sacrament (in company with him, the said Mr. Pepye, her husband, 
 and others) from my hand, according to the rites of the Church of 
 England, upon her death-bed, few houres before her decease, in the 
 yeare 1669. 
 
 And I doe hereby further certify, that the said Mr. Pepys hath, from 
 the determination of his said residence in this parish, continued to 
 
 * Far different was the conduct of Josiah Burchett and James Southerne, who, 
 rising, through Pepys's interest, to high stations in the Admiralty, lived to forget 
 their benefactor, and treat him with neglect and disrespect. 
 
 3* 
 
XXX 
 
 LIFE OF 
 
 receive the Holy Communion with the inhabitants thereof, to this day, 
 bo that I verily beleeve, hee never failed, within the whole space of one 
 and twenty yeares last past (viz., from June 1660,) to this instant 22d 
 of May, (being Whitsunday in the same yeare 1681,) of communicating 
 publickly in the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper with the inhabitants 
 of the Parish, from my hand, at any of the solemn feasts of Christmas, 
 Easter, and Pentecost, (besides his frequent monthly communicatings 
 therein,) saving on Whitsunday, 1679, when, being a prisoner in the 
 Tower, he appears to have received it in the publiek Chappell there ; 
 and at Easter last, when, by a violent sickness, (which confiued him to 
 his bed,) he was, to my particular knowledge, rendered incapable of 
 attending it. Witnesse my Hand, the day and the yeare above written, 
 
 D. Milles, D.D., Reef of S' Olave, 
 Hart Street, Lond 
 
 It is further gratifying to be able to trace in the Corre- 
 spondence, that, as Pepys advanced in years, he turned 
 his mind more earnestly to serious thoughts, and devoutly 
 prepared for the change which awaited him. Nor could 
 the example of the virtuous Evelyn, whose friendship he 
 had cultivated from their first acquaintance, have been 
 useless or unprofitable, in this particular. The tranquil- 
 lity of mind and pious resignation which he evinced on 
 his death-bed, with some interesting details of his last 
 illness, are best described in the following letters. 
 
 Mr. Jackson 1 to Mr. Evelyn. 
 
 Clapham, May 28th, 1703. 
 
 Friday night. 
 Honoured Sir, 
 
 'Tis no small addition to my grief, to be obliged to interrupt the 
 
 quiet of your happy recess with the afflicting tidings of my Uncle 
 
 1 Communicated by the late Mr. William Upcott. It appears, from the Evelyn 
 Papers, in the British Museum (bought at Mr. TTpcott's sale), that, in September, 
 1705, Mr. John Jackson made a proposal of marriage to one of Evelyn's grand- 
 daughters, through their common friend, William Hewer. The alliance was 
 declined solely on account of Jackson's being unable to make an adequate 
 settlement on tho young lady ; whilst Evelyn (the draught of whose answer is 
 preserved) courteously acknowledged the respect entertained by him for Pepys's 
 memory, and his sense of his nephew's extraordinary accomplishments. Mr. 
 Jackson married Anne, daughter of the Rev. James Edgeby, Vicar of Wands- 
 
SAMUEL PEPYS. y^ 
 
 Pepys's death : knowing how sensibly you will partake with me herein. 
 But I should not be faithful to his desires, if I did not beg your doing 
 the honour to his memory of accepting mourning from him, as a small 
 instance of his most affectionate respect and honour to you. I have 
 thought myself extremely unfortunate to be out of the way at that only 
 time when you were pleased lately to touch here, and express so great 
 a desire of taking your leave of my Uncle ; which could not but have 
 been admitted by him as a most welcome exception to his general orders 
 against being interrupted ; and I could most heartily wish that the cir- 
 cumstances of your health and distance did not forbid me to ask the 
 favour of your assisting in the holding up of the pawll at his interment, 
 which is intended to be on Thursday next ; for if the manes are affected 
 with what passes below, I am sure this would have been very grateful 
 to hiB. 
 
 I must not omit acquainting you, sir, that upon opening his body, 
 (which the uncommonness of his case required of us, for our own 
 satisfaction as well as public good,) there was found in his left kidney 
 a nest of no less than seven stones, of the most irregular figures your 
 imagination can frame, and weighing together four ounces and a half, 
 but all fast linked together, and adhering to his back ; whereby they 
 solve his having felt no greater pains upon motion, nor other of the 
 ordinary symptoms of the stone. Some other lesser defects there also 
 were in his body, proceeding from the same cause. But his stamina, in 
 general, were marvellously strong, and not only supported him, under 
 the most exquisite pains, weeks beyond all expectations ; but, in the 
 conclusion, contended for near forty hours (unassisted by any nourish- 
 ment) with the very agonies of death, some few minutes excepted, 
 before his expiring, which were very calm. 
 
 There only remains for me, under this affliction, to beg the 
 
 consolation and honour of succeeding to your patronage, for my 
 
 Uncle's sake ; and leave to number myself, with the same sincerity 
 
 he ever did, among your greatest honourers, which I shall esteem 
 
 as one of the most valuable parts of my inheritance from him ; 
 
 being also, with the faithfullest wishes of health and a happy long life 
 
 to you, 
 
 Honoured Sir, 
 
 Tour most obedient and 
 
 Most humble Servant, 
 
 J. Jackson. 
 
 worth, and Prebendary of St. Paul's, by Anne, daughter of Blackbume, 
 
 William Hewer's uncle, often mentioned in the Diary. Mr. Jackson left two sons 
 (at whose death, s. p., the male line became extinct) and five daughters, the 
 youngest of whom married John Cockerell, of Bishop's Hall, Somerset. For an 
 account of their descendants, see the Pedigree of Pepys. 
 
xxxii LIFE OF 
 
 Mr. Hewer, as my Uncle's Executor, and equally your faithfui 
 Servant, joins with me in every part hereof. 
 
 The time of my Uncle's departure was about three-quarters past 
 three on Wednesday morning last. 
 
 Extract of a letter from Dr. Miokes 1 to Dr. Gharlett? 
 
 June 5, 1703. 
 
 Last night, at 9 o'clock, I did the last office for your and my good 
 friend, M r Pepys, at S' Olave's Church, where he was laid in a vault of 
 his own makeing, by his wife and brother.' 
 
 The greatness of his behaviour, in his long and sharp tryall before 
 his death, was in every respect answerable to his great life ; and I 
 believe no man ever went out of this world with greater contempt of 
 it, or a more lively faith in every thing that was revealed of the world 
 to come. I administered the Holy Sacrament twice in his illness to 
 him, and had administered it a third time, but for a sudden fit of illness 
 that happened at the appointed time of administering of it. Twice I 
 gave him the absolution of the Church, which he desired, and received 
 with all reverence and comfort ; and I never attended any sick or dying 
 person that dyed with so much Christian greatnesse of mind, or a more 
 lively sense of immortality, or so much fortitude and patience, in so 
 long and sharp a tryall, or greater resignation to the will, which he 
 most devoutly acknowledged to be the wisdom of God ; and I doubt not 
 but he is- now a very blessed spirit, according to his motto, mens 
 cttjusque is est quisque. 
 
 George Hickes. 
 
 1 George Hickes, D.D., deprived of the Deanery of Worcester, February, 
 1689-90, which he had held six years, for refusing to take the oaths to King 
 William. He was a person of universal learning, and author of several works 
 upon the old Northern languages, in which he was deeply read. Ob. 1715, set. 
 sure 74. 
 
 ' From the original in the Bodleian Library. 
 
 3 June 4, 1703. — Samuel Peyps, Esq", buried in a vault by y e Comnnion 
 Table." — Register of St. Olave's, Hart Street. This is decisive as to the propor 
 pronunciation of the name. 
 
SAMUEL PBPTS. xxxiil 
 
 Samuel Pepys, by his will dated May, 1703, left hia 
 estate at Brampton, and the residue of his property, 
 charged with a few legacies, to his nephew, John Jack- 
 son; to whom he also gave the use of his valuable 
 Library and Collection of Prints, for his life, and directed 
 that they should afterwards be removed to Magdalene 
 College, Cambridge, 1 and placed for ever, subject to cer- 
 tain restrictions and regulations, 2 in the sole custody of 
 the Master for the time being. He seemed conscious 
 that his heirs would not feel satisfied with his testamen- 
 tary dispositions, and accordingly inserted the following 
 clause in his will : — 
 
 " I earnestly recommend it to my said Nephews to join 
 with me in not repining at any disappointment they may, 
 by the late public Providence of God, meet with in what 
 they might otherwise have reasonably hoped for from me 
 at my death ; but receive with thankfulness, from God's 
 hands, whatsoever it will prove, remembering it to be 
 more than what either myself, or they, are born to, and 
 therefore endeavouring, on their part, by all humble and 
 honest endeavours, to improve the same." 
 
 He died, in fact, in very reduced circumstances: noi 
 could it be otherwise, since he never received any pension 
 or remuneration for his long official labours, subsequently 
 to his retirement at the Revolution ; while the habits of 
 generosity and hospitality, in which he had indulged, 
 when his means were more ample, terminated only with 
 his life : and these expenses, added to the charges entailed 
 upon him for the education of his Nephews, and the ex 
 tensive additions which he was constantly making to his 
 
 1 It seema odd that there should be no record of the exact time at which the 
 books were transferred by the executors of Mr. Jackson to Magdalene College, 
 nor has any account of his death been found, except the following entry in Hum- 
 phrey Wanley's Diary, Marl. MS., 771, 772 : — 
 
 " 22d Mar. 1772-3. Nathaniel Noel (the eminent bookseller) came, who says 
 ' old Mr. Jackson, of Clapham, is dead, and Mr. Pepys's Library will be disposed 
 of.'" 
 
 ' Printed in Hartshorne's Book Rarities of Cambridge, p. 222. 
 
 C 
 
XXxiv LIFE OF 
 
 library, would have absorbed a larger income than he had 
 ever possessed. There was indeed a balance of 28,007?. 
 2s. i\d. due to him from the Crown, on a long unsettled 
 account, which had grown up during his employments 
 as Treasurer for Tangier, Clerk of the Acts, and Secre- 
 tary to the Admiralty ; and which he bequeathed specifi- 
 cally to be laid out in the purchase of lands for the use 
 of his Nephew and his heirs. The original Vouchers 
 relating to this transaction, as verified on oath by the 
 claimant himself, before Chief Baron Warde, are still in 
 the possession of the Cockerell family; but the times 
 which immediately preceded and followed his decease 
 were unfavourable to the liquidation of the debt, however 
 due as an act of justice, as well as a tribute to the memory 
 of so good and faithful a servant of the public. It is 
 farther to be remarked, that though Pepys's funeral was 
 conducted in a manner suitable to the station which he 
 had adorned, 1 no stone, however humble, marks the spot 
 within St. Olave's Church in which his remains were 
 deposited ; the vault is, however, probably contiguous to 
 the monument erected by him to his wife, still to be seen 
 in the chancel. 3 
 
 In conclusion, I feel tempted to insert the character of 
 Pepys, given in the Supplement to Collier's Dictionary, 
 though drawn perhaps by a too partial hand, and from 
 
 1 "London, June 5. Yesterday, in the evening, were performed the obsequies 
 of Samuel Pepys, Esq., in Crutched-Friars' Church ; whither his corpse was 
 brought in a very honourable and solemn manner from Clapham, where he de- 
 parted this life the 26th day of the last month." — Post Boy, No. 1257, June 5, 
 1703. 
 
 " I am informed by the Rev. Thomas Boyles Murray, rector of St. Dunstan's- 
 in-the-East, that in the summer of 1836, when the church of St. Olave, Hart 
 Street, was under repair, a vault was found on the north side of the Communion 
 table, containing a skull and some bones, which, being uppermost, were probably 
 the remains of Samuel Pepys, he having been the last of the family there in- 
 terred. It is singular, that in the same spot a stone of the size of a walnut was 
 discovered among the bones. 
 
 In October, 1845, Mr. Murray printed in the Gentleman's Magazine some par- 
 ticulars respecting Pepys, in connexion with the parish of St. Olave's, Hart Street, 
 which will be found corroborative of many statements in the Diary. 
 
SAMUEL PEPTS. j^yy 
 
 which article I have already drawn largely, in compiling 
 this Memoir. 
 
 "It may be affirmed of this Gentleman," (says his con- 
 temporaneous biographer,) " that he was, without excep- 
 tion, the greatest and most useful Minister that ever filled 
 the same situations in England ; the Acts and Registers 
 of the Admiralty proving this fact beyond contradiction 
 The principal rules and establishments in present use in 
 those offices are well known to have been of his intro- 
 ducing, and most of the officers serving therein, since the 
 Restoration, of his bringing up. He was a most studious 
 promoter and strenuous assertor of order and discipline 
 through all their dependencies. Sobriety, diligence, 
 capacity, loyalty, and subjection to command, were 
 essentials required in all whom he advanced. Where any 
 of these were found wanting, no interest or authority was 
 capable of moving him in favour of the highest preten- 
 der ; the Royal command only excepted, of which he was 
 also very watchful, to prevent any undue procurements. 
 Discharging his duty to his Prince and Country with a 
 religious application and perfect integrity, he feared no 
 one, courted no one, and neglected his own fortune. 
 Besides this, he was a person of universal worth, and in 
 great estimation among the Literati, for his unbounded 
 reading, his sound judgment, his great elocution, his 
 mastery in method, his singular curiosity, and his un- 
 common munificence towards the advancement of learn- 
 ing, arts, and industry, in all degrees : to which were 
 joined the severest morality of a philosopher, and all the 
 polite accomplishments of a gentleman, particularly those 
 of music, languages, conversation, and address. He 
 assisted, as one of the Barons of the Cinque Ports, at the 
 Coronation of James H., and was a standing Govern :r 
 of all the principal houses of charity in and about Lon- 
 don, and sat at the head of many other honourable 
 bodies, in divers of which, as he deemed their constitu- 
 tion and methods deserving, he left lasting monuments 
 of his bounty and patronage." 
 
XXX VI 
 
 LIFE OF SAMUEL PEPYS. 
 
 Annexed is an engraving of a large Bowl and Cover 
 of silver gilt, and the outside enriched with frost work, 
 weighing 166 oz., presented by Pepys to the Clothworkers' 
 Company, of which he was Master in 1677, and still 
 constantly used at their Festivals. He also gave them a 
 gilt Ewer and Bason of the weight of 196 oz. 
 
DIAET 
 
 OP 
 
 SAMUEL PEPYS. 
 
 1659-60. 
 
 Blessed be God, at the end of the last year, I was in very 
 good health, without any sense of my old pain, but upon taking 
 of cold. 1 I lived in Axe Yard, 2 having my wife, and servant 
 Jane, and no other in family than us three. 
 
 The condition of the State was thus: viz., the Rump, 
 after being disturbed by my Lord 3 Lambert, 4 was lately re- 
 turned to sit again. The officers of the Army all forced to 
 yield. Lawson 5 lies still in the river, and Monk 6 is with 
 his army in Scotland. Only my Lord Lambert is not yet 
 
 * On March 26, 1658, Pepys had been successfully cut for the stone; a malady 
 which seems to have affected several other members of his family. 
 
 1 Pepys's house was on the south side of King Street, Westminster; it is sin- 
 gular that when he removed to a residence in the city, he should have settled 
 close to another Axe Yard. Pludyer Street stands on the site of Axe Yard, 
 which derived -its name from a great messuage or brew-house on the west side of 
 King Street, called " The Axe," and referred to in a document of the 23rd of 
 Henry VIII. 
 
 3 He is styled "Lord" not by right, nor even by courtesy; the title was often 
 given to the republican officers and their dependants. 
 
 4 Sufficiently known by his services as a Major-G-eneral in the Parliament 
 forces during the Civil War, and condemned as a traitor after the Restoration ; 
 but reprieved and banished to Guernsey, where he lived in confinement thirty 
 years. 
 
 5 Sir John Lawson, the son of a poor man at Hull, rose to the rank of Admiral, 
 and distinguished himself during the Protectorate; and, though a republican in 
 heart, readily closed with the design of restoring the King. He was mortally 
 wounded in the sea-fight in 1665. He must not be confounded with another John 
 Lawson, the Royalist, of Brough Hall, in Yorkshire, who was created a Baronet 
 by Charles II., July 6, 1665. 
 
 ■ George Monk, afterwards Duke of Albemarle. 
 
 Vol. I.— 4 
 
2 DIARY OF [1st. Jan 
 
 come into the Parliament, nor is it expected that he will, 
 without being forced to it. The new Common Council of 
 the City do speak very high ; and had sent to Monk, their 
 sword-bearer, to acquaint him w"th their desires for a free 
 and full Parliament, which is at prebent the desires and the 
 hopes, and the expectations of all: twenty-two of the old 
 secluded members having been at the House-door the last 
 week to demand entrance, but it was denied them ; and it 
 is believed that neither they nor the people will be satisfied 
 till the House be filled. My own private condition very hand- 
 some, and esteemed rich, but indeed very poor ; besides my 
 goods of my house, and my office, which at present is somewhat 
 certain. Mr. Downing master of my office. 1 
 
 Jan. 1st. (Lord's day.) This morning, (we living lately 
 in the garret) I rose, put on my suit with great skirts, having 
 not lately worn any other clothes but them. Went to Mr. 
 Gunning's 2 chapel at Exeter House, 3 where he made a very 
 
 1 Wood has misled us in stating that Sir George Downing, here mentioned, was 
 a son of Dr. Calibut Downing, the rector of Hackney. He was beyond doubt the 
 son of Emmanuel Downing, a London merchant, who went to New England. It 
 is not improbable that Emmanuel was a near kinsman of Calibut; how related 
 has not yet been discovered. Governor Hutchinson, in his History of Massachu- 
 setts, gives the true account of Downing's affiliation, which has been further 
 confirmed by Mr. Savage, of Boston, from the public records of New England. 
 Wood calls Downing a sider with all times and changes; skilled in the common 
 cant, and a preacher occasionally. He was sent by Cromwell to Holland, as resi- 
 dent there. About the Restoration, he espoused the King's cause, and was 
 knighted and elected M.P. for Morpeth, in 1661. Afterwards, becoming Secretary 
 to the Treasury and Commissioner of the Customs, he was in 1663 created a 
 Baronet of East Hatley, in Cambridgeshire, and was again sent Ambassador to 
 Holland. His grandson of the same name, who died in 1749, was the founder of 
 Downing College, Cambridge. The title became extinct in 1764, upon the decease 
 of Sir John Gerrard Downing, the last heir male of the family. The office 
 appears to have been in the Exchequer, and connected with the pay of the army. 
 Sir George Downing's character will be found in Lord Clarendon's Life, vol. iii. 
 ■ p. 4. Pepys's opinion seems to be somewhat of a mixed kind. Ludlow, in hia 
 Memoirs, bitterly inveighs against Downing, who had been Okey's chaplain, and 
 had received many obligations at his hands. 
 
 * Peter Gunning, afterwards master of St. John's College, Cambridge, and 
 successively Bishop of Chichester and Ely: ob. 1684. He had continued to read 
 the Liturgy at the chapel at Exeter House, when the Parliament was most pre- 
 dominant, for which Cromwell often rebuked Mm. Wood's Athena. See Evelyn's 
 Diary for many notices of him. 
 
 8 Exeter House, here mentioned, on the north side of the Strand, was that built 
 by Lord Burleigh, whose son was the first Earl of Exeter, from whom it was 
 named: nearly on the same <&te stood Exeter Change, which has given place to 
 khe present Exeter Hall. 
 
1659-60.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 3 
 
 good sermon upon these words : — "That in the fulness of 
 time G-od sent his Son, made of a woman," &c. ; showing, 
 that by "made under the law" is meant the circumcision, 
 which is solemnized this day. Dined at home in the garret, 
 where my wife dressed the remains of a turkey, and in the 
 doing of it she burned her hand. I staid at home the whole 
 afternoon, looking over my accounts ; then went with my 
 wife to my father's, and in going observed the great posts 
 which the City workmen, set up at the Conduit in Fleet 
 Street. 
 
 2nd. Walked a great while in "Westminster Hall, where I 
 heard that Lambert was coming up to London ; that my 
 Lord Fairfax 1 was in the head of the Irish brigade, but it 
 was not certain what he would declare for. The House was 
 to-day upon finishing the act for the Council of State, which 
 . they did ; and for the indemnity to the soldiers ; and were to 
 sit again thereupon in the afternoon. Great talk that many 
 places had declared for a free Parliament ; and it is believed 
 that they will be forced to fill up the House with the old 
 members. From the Hall I called at home, and so went to 
 
 1 Thomas Lord Fairfax, Generalissimo of the Parliament forces. After the 
 Restoration, he retired to his country-seat, where he lived in private till his death, 
 in 1671. In a volume (autograph) of Lord Fairfax's Poems, preserved in the 
 British Museum, 11744, f. 42, the following lines occur upon the 30th of January, 
 on which day the King was beheaded. It is believed that they have never been 
 printed. 
 
 " let that day from time be bloted quitt, 
 
 And beleef oft in next age be waved, 
 In depest silence that act concealed might, 
 
 That so the creadet of our nation might be saved j 
 But if the powre devine hath ordered this, 
 His will's the law, and our must aquiess." 
 
 These wretched verses have obviously no merit ; but they are curious as showing 
 that Fairfax, who had refused to act as one of Charles I.'s judges, continued long 
 afterwards to entertain a proper horror for that unfortunate monarch's fate. It 
 has recently been pointed out to me, that the lines were not, originally composes 
 by Fairfax, being only a poor translation of the spirited lines of Statius Sylvarum, 
 lib. v., cap. ii., I. 88 : — 
 
 "Excidat ilia dies aevo, ne postera credant 
 Secula, Dos carte taceamus ; et obruta multa 
 Nocte tegi propriae patiamur crimina gentis." 
 
 These verses were first applied by the President de Thou to the massacre of St. 
 Bartholomew, 1572; and in our day, by Mr. Pitt, in his memorable speech in the 
 House of Commons, January 1793, after the murder of Louis XVI. 
 
4 DIARY OF [5th Jan, 
 
 Mr. Crewe's ; l (my wife she was to go to her father's) and 
 Mr. Moore and I and another gentleman went out and drank 
 a cup of ale together in the new market, and there I eat 
 some bread and cheese for my dinner. 
 
 3d. To White Hall, where I understood that the Parlia- 
 ment had passed the act of indemnity for the soldiers and 
 officers that would come in, in so many days, and that my 
 Lord Lambert should have benefit of the said act. They 
 had also voted that all vacancies in the House, by the death 
 of any of the old members, should be filled up ; but those 
 that are living shall not be called in. 
 
 4th. Strange the difference of men's talk. Some say 
 that Lambert must of necessity yield up ; others, that he is 
 very strong, and that the Fifth-monarchy men will stick to 
 him, if he declares for a free Parliament. Chillington 
 was sent yesterday to him with the note of pardon and 
 indemnity from the Parliament. Went and walked in the 
 Hall, where I heard that the Parliament spent this day in 
 fasting and prayer ; and in the afternoon came letters from 
 the North, that brought certain news that my Lord Lambert 
 his forces were all forsaking him, and that he was left with 
 only fifty horse, and that he did now declare for the Parlia- 
 ment himself; and that my Lord Fairfax did also rest satis- 
 fied, and had laid down his arms, and that what he had done 
 was only to secure the country against my Lord Lambert his 
 raising of money, and free quarter. I met with the clerk 
 and quarter-master of my Lord's 2 troop, and Mr. Jenkins 
 showed me two bills of exchange for money to receive upon 
 my Lord's and my pay. 
 
 5th. I dined with Mr. Shepley, 3 at my Lord's lodgings, 
 upon his turkey-pie. And so to my office again ; where the 
 Excise money was brought, and some of it toltl to soldiers 
 till it was dark. Then I went home, after writing to my 
 
 1 John Crewe, created Baron Crewe of Stene, in the county of Northampton, at 
 the coronation of Charles II. He married Jemima, daughter and co-heir to 
 Edward Walgrave, Esq., of Lawford, Essex. 
 
 3 Admiral Sir Edward Montagu, afterwards Earl of Sandwich, uniformly styled 
 "my Lord" throughout the Diary, his title, before his elevation to tha peerage, 
 oeing of the same nature as that of Lord Lambert, already explained. 
 
 a He seems to have been the steward at Hinchingbrooke. 
 
1659-60.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 5 
 
 Lord the news that the Parliament had this night voted that 
 the members that were discharged from sitting in the years 
 1648 and 49 were duly discharged ; and that there should be 
 writs issued presently for the calling of others in their places, 
 and that Monk and Fairfax were commanded up to town, and 
 that the President Bradshaw's : lodgings were to be provided 
 for Monk at Whitehall. Then my wife and I, it being a great 
 frost, went to Mrs. Jem's, 2 in expectation to eat a sack-posset, 
 but Mr. Edward not coming, it was put off; and I left my 
 wife playing at cards with her, and went myself to Mr. Fage, 
 to consult concerning my nose, who told me it was nothing 
 but cold. Mr. Fage and I did discourse concerning public 
 business ; and he told me it is true the City had not time 
 enough to do much, but they are resolved to shake off the 
 soldiers ; and that, unless there be a free Parliament chosen, 
 he did believe there are half the Common Council will not 
 levy any money by order of this Parliament. 
 
 6th. This morning Mr. Shepley and I did eat our break- 
 fast at Mrs. Harper's, (my brother John 3 being with me,) 
 upon a cold turkey-pie and a goose. At my office, where we 
 paid money to the soldiers till one o'clock ; and I took my 
 wife to my cosen, Thomas Pepys, and found them just sat 
 down to dinner, which was very good ; only the venison pasty 
 was palpable mutton, which was not handsome. 
 
 7th. At my office receiving money of the probate of wills. 
 
 8th. (Lord's day.) In the morning went to Mr. Gunning's, 
 where a good sermon, wherein he showed the life of Christ, and 
 told as good authority for us to believe that Christ did follow 
 bis father's trade, and was a carpenter till thirty years of age. 
 
 9th. I rose early this morning, and looked over and 
 
 John Bradshaw, Sergeant-at-Law, President of the High .Court of Justice : 
 the lodgings were at Whitehall. 
 
 a This lady, mentioned frequently in the Diary, was Jemima, eldest daughter 
 of Sir Edward Montagu. She had been ill; and during her father's absence 
 abroad, seems to have been left under the superintendence of Pepys, in a London 
 lodging. Mr. Edward was her eldest brother. He is afterwards called Lord 
 Hinchinbroke. 
 
 a John Pepys, afterwards in holy'orders, died unmarried in 1677, at which time 
 he held some office at the Trinity House. — Pepys's MS. Letters. Samuel Pepys, 
 in his book of Signs Manual, describes him as "my brother and successor in my 
 office, as Clerk of the Acts of the Navy, under King Charles II. ' 
 
 4 * 
 
g DIARY OF [9th Jan, 
 
 corrected my brother John's speech., which he is to make the 
 next opposition. 1 I met with W. Simons, Muddiman, and 
 Jack Price, and went with them to Harper's, and staid till 
 two of the clock in the afternoon. I found Muddiman a 
 good scholar, an arch rogue ; and owns that though he writes 
 new books for the Parliament, yet he did declare that he did 
 it only to get money ; and did talk very basely of many of 
 them. Among other things, W. Simons told me how his 
 uncle Scobell 2 was on Saturday last called to the bar, for 
 entering in the journal of the House, for the year 1653, these 
 words : " This day his Excellence the Lord General Cromwell 
 dissolved this House ;" which words the Parliament voted 
 a forgery, and demanded of him how they came to be 
 entered. He said that they were his own handwriting, and 
 that he did it by rights of his office, and the practice of his 
 predecessor ; 3 and that the intent of the practice was to let 
 posterity know how such and such a Parliament was dissolved, 
 whether by the command of the King, or by their own 
 neglect, as the last House of Lords was ; and that to this 
 end, he had said and writ that it was dissolved by his Excel- 
 lency the Lord G. ; and that for the word dissolved, he never 
 at the time did hear of any other term ; and desired pardon 
 if he would not dare to make a word himself what it was six 
 years after, before they came themselves to call it an inter- 
 ruption ; that they were so little satisfied with this answer, 
 that they did chuse a committee to report to the House, 
 whether this crime of Mr. Scobell's did come within the act 
 of indemnity or no. Thence into the Hall, where I heard 
 for certain that Monk was coming to London, and that Brad- 
 shaw's 4 lodgings were preparing for him. I heard Sir H. 
 Vane 5 was this day voted out of the House, and to sit no 
 
 1 Declamations at St. Paul's school, in which there were opponents and re- 
 spondents. It is now called apposition. 
 
 3 Henry Scobell, clerk to the House of Commons. 
 
 3 Henry Elsinge. * John Bradshaw : see Jan. 5th, ante. 
 
 6 Son of a statesman of both his names, and one of the most turbulent enthu- 
 siasts produced by the Rebellion, and an inflexible republican. His execution, in 
 1662, for conspiring the death of Charles I., was much called in question as a 
 measure of great severity. He is the direct ancestor of the present Duke of 
 Cleveland. See Diary, June 14, 1662. 
 
1659-60.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 7 
 
 more there ; and that he would retire himself to his house at 
 Raby, 1 as also all the rest of the nine officers, that had their 
 commissions formerly taken away from them, were com- 
 manded to their furthest houses from London during the 
 pleasure of the Parliament. 
 
 10th. To the Coffee-house [Miles's], where were a great 
 confluence of gentlemen : viz., Mr. Harrington, 2 Poultny, 3 
 chairman, Gold, 4 Dr. Petty, 5 &c, where admirable discourse 
 till 9 at night. Thence with Doling to Mother Lam's, who 
 told me how this day Scott 6 was made Intelligencer, and that 
 the rest of the members that were objected against last night, 
 were to be heard this day se'nnight. 
 
 13th. Coming in the morning to my office, I met with Mr. 
 Fage, and took him to the Swan. 7 He told me how he, 
 Haselrigge, 8 and Morley, 9 the last night began at my Lord 
 Mayor's 10 to exclaim against the City of London, saying that 
 
 1 Raby Castle, in Durham, still the chief seat of the Duke of Cleveland. 
 
 * James Harrington, the political writer, author of " Oceana," and founder of a 
 club called The Rota, in 1659, which met at Miles's coffee-house in Old Palace 
 Yard, and lasted only a few months. In 1661 he was sent to the Tower, on suspi- 
 cion of treasonable designs. His intellects appear to have failed afterwards, and 
 he died in 1667. See Cunningham's Handbook of London, p. 336, edit. 1850 : 
 " Henry Kevill and Harrington had every night a meeting at the (then) Turke's 
 Head, in the New Palace Yard, where they take water, the next house to the 
 Staires, at one Miles's, where was made purposely » large oval table, with a 
 passage in the middle, for Miles to deliver his coffee. About it sat his disciples 
 and the virtuosi." — Aubrey's Bodleian Letters, vol. iii. p. 371. 
 
 3 Sir William Poultny, subsequently M.P. for Westminster, and a Commissioner 
 of the Privy Seal under King William. Ob. 1671. Grandfather to William Earl 
 of Bath. 
 
 4 The merchant : see 20 January, 1669, and the note there, in which he is iden- 
 tified. 
 
 1 Sir William Petty, an eminent physician, and celebrated for his proficiency in 
 every branch of science. Ob. 1687. He is the direct ancestor of the Marquis 
 of Lansdowne. 
 
 6 Thomas Scott, M.P., made Secretary of State to the Commonwealth January 
 17th following. 
 
 1 In Fen church Street. 
 
 * Sir Arthur Haselrigge, Bart., of Nosely, co. Leicester, and M.P. for that 
 county; colonel of a regiment in the Parliament army, and much esteemed by 
 Cromwell. In March following, he was committed to the Tower, where he died, 
 January, 1660-61. He was brother-in-law to Lord Brooke, who was killed at 
 Lichfield. 
 
 8 Probably, Colonel Morley, Lieutenant of the Tower, whom Evelyn blames so 
 strongly for not doing what Monk did. See also Quarterly Review, vol. xix. p. 32. 
 
 " Sir Thomas Allen, created a bare net at the Restoration. He was ruined by 
 his expenses as Lord Mayor. 
 
g DIARY OF [17th Jan 
 
 they had forfeited their charter. And how the Chamberlain 
 of the City did take them down, letting them know how much 
 they were formerly beholden to the City, &c. He also told 
 me that Monk's letter that came by the sword-bearer was a 
 cunning piece, and that which they did not much trust to ; 
 but they were resolved to make no more applications to the 
 Parliament, nor to pay any money, unless the secluded 
 members be brought in, or a free Parliament chosen. To 
 Mrs. Jem, and found her up and merry, as it did not prove 
 the small-pox, but the swine-pox ; so I played a game or two 
 at cards with her. 
 
 16th. In the morning I went up to Mr. Crewe's, who did 
 talk to me concerning things of State ; and expressed his 
 mind how just it was that the secluded members should come 
 to sit again. From thence to my office, where nothing to do ; 
 but Mr. Downing came and found me all alone ; and did 
 mention to me his going back into Holland, and did ask me 
 whether I would go or no, but gave me little encouragement, 
 but bid me consider of it ; and asked me whether I did not 
 think that Mr. Hawley could perform the work of my office 
 alone. I confess I was at a great loss all the day after to 
 bethink myself how to carry this business. I staid up till 
 the bell-man came by with his bell just under my window as 
 I was writing of this very line, and cried, " Past one of the 
 clock, and a cold, frosty, windy morning." 1 
 
 17th. In our way to Kensington we understood how that 
 my Lord Chesterfield 2 had killed another gentleman about 
 
 ' This reminds us of Milton — 
 
 " Or the bellman's drowsy charm, 
 To bless the door from nightly harm." 
 
 II Penaeroao. 
 
 * Philip Stanhope, second Earl of Chesterfield, ob. 1713, set. suae 80. We 
 learn, from the memoir prefixed to his Printed Correspondence, that he fought 
 three duels, disarming and wounding his first and second antagonist, and killing 
 the third. The name of the unfortunate gentleman who fell on this occasion 
 was Woolly. Lord Chesterfield, absconding, went to Breda, where he obtained 
 the royal pardon from Charles II. He acted a busy part in the eventful times in 
 which he lived, and was remarkable for his steady adherence to the Stuarts. 
 Lord Chesterfield's letter to Charles II., and the King's answer granting the royal 
 pardon, occur in the Correspondence published by General Sir John Murray, in 
 1829. 
 
1859-60.] SAMUEL PBPTS. 9 
 
 half an hour before, and was fled. 1 I went to the Coffee 
 Club [Miles's], and heard very good discourse ; it was in 
 answer to Mr. Harrington's answer, who said that the state of 
 the Roman government was not a settled government, and so 
 it was no wonder that the balance of prosperity was in one 
 hand, and the command in another, it being therefore always 
 in a posture of war ; but it was carried by ballot that it was 
 a steady government, though it is true by the voices it had 
 been carried before that it was an unsteady government ; so 
 to-morrow it is to be proved by the opponents that the 
 balance lay in one hand, and the government in another. 
 Thence I went to Westminster, and met Shaw and Washing- 
 ton, 2 who told me how this day Sydenham 3 was voted out of 
 the House for sitting any more this Parliament, and that Sal- 
 loway 4 was voted out likewise and sent to the Tower, during 
 the pleasure of the House. At Harper's, Jack Price told 
 me, among other things, how much the Protector is altered, 
 though he would seem to bear out his trouble very well, yet 
 he is scarce able to talk sense with a man ; and how he will 
 say that, " Who should a man trust, if he may not trust to a 
 brother and an uncle;" 5 and, "how much those men have to 
 
 '"Jan. 17th, 1659. The Earl of Chesterfield and Dr. Woolly's son of 
 Hammersmith, had a quarrel about a mare of eighteen pounds price ; the quarrel 
 would not be reconciled, insomuch that a challenge passed between them. They 
 fought a duel on the backside of Mr. Colby's house at Kensington, where the 
 Earl and he had several passes. The Earl wounded him in two places, and would 
 fain have then ended, but the stubbornness and pride of heart of Mr. Woolly would 
 not give over, and the next pass [he] was killed on the spot. The Earl fled to 
 Chelsea, and there took water and escaped. The jury found it chance-medley." — 
 Kugge's Diurnal, Addit. MSS. British Museum. 
 
 5 The Purser : see 1st July, 1660. 
 
 ' Colonel William Sydenham had been an active officer during the Civil Wars, 
 on the Parliament side ; M.P. for Dorsetshire, Governor of Melcomhe, and one of 
 the Committee of Safety. He was the elder brother of the celebrated physioian 
 if that name. 
 
 4 In the Journals of that date, Major Richard Salwey. Colonel Salwey is men- 
 tioned as a prisoner in the Tower, 1663-4, in Bayley's history of that fortress. 
 
 • Charles Fleetwood, Lord Deputy of Ireland during the Usurpation, became 
 Cromwell's son-in-law by his marriage with Ireton's widow, and a member of 
 the Council of State. He seemed disposed to have espoused Charles the Second's 
 interests, but nad not resolution enough to execute his design. At the Resto- 
 ration, he was excepted out of the Act of Indemnity, and spent the remainder of 
 his life in obscurity, dying soon after the Revolution. John Desborough was 
 Cromwell's brother-in-law, and one of his Major- Generals. Both Fleetwood and 
 Desborough played a double game. 
 
10 DIARY OF [20th Jan. 
 
 answer before God Almighty, for their playing the knave with 
 him as they did." He told me also, that there was 100,000Z. 
 offered, and would have been taken, for his restitution, had 
 not the Parliament come in as they did again ; and that he 
 do believe that the Protector will live to give a testimony of 
 his valour and revenge yet before he dies, and that the Pro* 
 tector will say so himself sometimes. 
 
 18th. I interpreted my lord's letter by his character. 1 All 
 the world is at a loss to think what Monk will do : the City 
 saying that he will be for them, and the Parliament saying 
 he will be for them. 
 
 19th. This morning I was sent for to Mr. Downing, and 
 at his bed-side he told me, that he had a kindness for me, 
 and that he thought that he had done me one ; and that was, 
 that he had got me to be one of the Clerks of the Council ; 
 at which I was a little stumbled, and could not tell what 
 to do, whether to thank him or no ; but by and by I did ; 
 but not very heartily, for I feared that his doing of it was 
 only to ease himself of the salary 2 which he gives me. I 
 read the answer of the Dutch Ambassador 3 to our State, in 
 answer to the reasons of my Lord's coming home, which he 
 gave for his coming, and did labour to contradict my Lord's 
 arguments for his coming home. Mr. Moore and I went to 
 the French Ordinary, where Mr. Downing this day feasted 
 Sir Arthur Haselrigge, and a great many more of the Par- 
 liament, and did stay to put him in mind of me. Here he 
 gave me a note to go and invite some other members to 
 dinner to-morrow. So I went to White Hall, and did stay 
 at Marsh's with Simons, Luellin, and all the rest of the 
 Clerks of the Council, who I hear are all turned out, only the 
 two Leighs, and they do all tell me that my name was men- 
 tioned last night, but that nothing was done in it. 
 
 20th. In the morning I met Lord Widdrington 4 in the 
 street, going to seal the patents for the judges to-day, and 
 
 * i. e., in cipher. * Of 50Z. See Jan. 30th, 1659-60. " Nieuport 
 
 4 Sir Thomas Widdrington, Sergeant-at-Law, one of Cromwell's Commis- 
 sioners of the Treasury, appointed Speaker 1656, and first Commissioner for the 
 Great Seal, January, 1659 ; he was M.P. for York. See Lord Campbell's Live* 
 of the Chancellors. 
 
1059-6P.] SAMUEL PBPYS. J- 
 
 so could not come to dinner. This day, three citizens of 
 London 1 went to meet Monk from the Common Council. 
 Received my 25?. due by bill for my trooper's pay. At the 
 Mitre, 2 in Fleet Street, in our way calling on Mr. Fage, who 
 told me how the City have some hopes of Monk. This day 
 Lenthall 3 took his chair again, and the House resolved a 
 declaration to be brought in on Monday, to satisfy the world 
 what they intend to do. At Westminster Hall, where Mrs. 
 Lane 4 and the rest of the maids had their white scarfs, all 
 having been at the burial of a young bookseller in the 
 Hall. 5 
 
 22nd. (Lord's day.) To church in the afternoon to Mr. 
 Herring, 6 where a lazy, poor sermon. This day I began to 
 put on buckles to my shoes. 
 
 23rd. This day the Parliament sat late, and resolved of 
 the declaration to be printed for the people's satisfaction, 
 promising them a great many good things. In the garden 
 at White Hall, going through to the Stone Gallery, I fell in 
 a ditch, it being very dark. 
 
 24th. I took my wife to Mr. Pierce's, 7 she in her way 
 
 1 "Jan. 20th. Then there went out of the City, by desire of the Lord Mayor 
 and Court of Aldermen, Alderman Fowke and Alderman Vincett, alias Vincent, 
 and Mr. Bloomfield, to compliment General Monk, who lay at Harborough 
 Town, in Leicestershire." 
 
 "Jan 21st. Because the Speaker was sick, and Lord General Monk so near 
 London, and everybody thought that the City would suffer for their affronts to 
 the soldiery, and because they had sent the sword-bearer to the General without 
 the Parliament's consent, and the three Aldermen were gone to give him the 
 welcome to town, these four lines were in almost everybody's mouth : — 
 
 Monk under a hood, not well understood, 
 
 The City pull in their horns ; 
 The Speaker is out, and sick of the gout, 
 
 And the Parliament sit upon thorns." 
 
 Rugge's Diurnal, 
 
 a This coffee-house, so well known by the readers of Boswell's Life of Johnson, 
 > rill exists. 
 
 * William Lenthall, Speaker of the Long or Rump Parliament, and made 
 Keeper of the Great Seal to the Commonwealth : ob. 1662. 
 
 ' See Jan. 10th, 1660-61. 
 
 B Several old views of the Hall represent the hook-stalls. 
 
 8 John Herring, a Presbyterian minister, who was afterwards ejected from 
 St. Bride's, in Fleet Street. See August 17th, 1662. 
 
 1 James Pierce, Surgeon to the Duke of York : he was husband of the pretty 
 Mrs. Pierce, and not Pierce the Purser. See 27th August, 1660. 
 
12 DIARY OF [24th Jaiw 
 
 being exceedingly troubled with a pair of new pattens, and 
 I vexed to go so slow, it being late. We found Mrs. Carrick 
 very fine, and one Mr. Lucy, who called one another hus- 
 band and wife, and after dinner a great deal of mad stir. 
 There was pulling off Mrs. bride's and Mr. bridegroom's 
 ribbons, 1 and a great deal of fooling among them that I and 
 my wife did not like. Mr. Lucy and several other gentle- 
 men coming in after dinner, swearing and singing as if they 
 were mad, only he singing very handsomely. There came 
 in also Mr. [James] Southerne, clerk to Mr. Blackburne, 2 and 
 with him Lambert, 3 lieutenant of my Lord's ship, and brought 
 with them the declaration that came out to-day from the 
 Parliament, wherein they declare for law and gospel, and 
 for tythes ; but I do not find people apt to believe them. 
 This day the Parliament gave orders that the late Committee 
 of Safety should come before them this day se'nnight, and all 
 their papers, and their model of Government that they had 
 
 1 The scramble for ribbons, here mentioned by Pepys in connexion with 
 weddings (see also 26th Jan., 1660-61, and 8th. Feb., 1662-3) doubtless formed 
 part of the ceremony of undressing the bridegroom, which, as the age became 
 more refined, fell into disuse. All the old plays are silent on the custom; the 
 earliest notice of which occurs in the old ballad of the wedding of Arthur O'Brad- 
 ley, printed in the Appendix to Robin Hood, 1795, where we read — 
 " Then got they his points and his garters, 
 
 And cut them in pieces like martyrs / 
 
 And then they all did play 
 
 For the honour of Arthur O'Bradley/' 
 Sir "Winston Churchill also observes (Divi Britannid, p. 340) that James I. was 
 no more troubled at his querulous countrymen robbing him than a bridegroom at 
 the losing of his points and garters. Lady Fanshawe, in her Memoirs, says, that 
 at the nuptials of Charles II. and the Infanta, "the Bishop of London declared 
 them married in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy G-host; and 
 then they caused the ribbons her Majesty wore to be cut in little pieces; and aa 
 far as they would go, every one had some." The practice still survives in the 
 e form of wedding favours. 
 
 A similar custom is still of every day's occurrence at Dieppe. Upon the mor- 
 row after their marriage, the bride and bridegroom perambulate the streets, 
 followed by a numerous cortege, the guests at the wedding festival, two and two; 
 each individual wearing two bits of narrow ribbon, about two inches in length, 
 of different colours, which are pinned cross-ways upon the breast. These morsels 
 of ribbons originally formed the garters of the bride and bridegroom, which had 
 been divided amidst boisterous mirth among the assembled company, the moment 
 the happy pair had been formally installed in the bridal bed. — Ex. Inf. Mr. 
 William Hughes, Belvidere, Jersey. 
 
 2 Robert Blackbourne, then Secretary to the Admiralty, with a salary of 2502. 
 
 3 See 4th Oct., 1660; 6th June, 1661; and 14th Sept., 1665. 
 
1659-60.J SAMUEL PEPYS. 13 
 
 made, to be brought in with them. Mr. Orumlum ' gave my 
 father directions what to do about getting my brother an 
 exhibition, and spoke very well of him. 
 
 25th. Coming home, heard that in Cheapside, there had 
 been but a little before a gibbet set up, and the picture of 
 Huson 2 hung upon it in the middle of the street: I called at 
 Paul's Churchyard, where I bought Buxtorf 's Hebrew Gram- 
 mar ; and read [at Kirton's] a declaration of the gentlemen 
 of Northampton which came out this afternoon. To Mr. 
 Crewe's about a picture to be sent into the country, of Mr. 
 Thomas Crewe, to my Lord. 
 
 26th. Called for some papers at Whitehall for Mr. 
 Downing, one of which was an Order of the Council for 
 1800Z. per annum, to be paid monthly ; and the other two, 
 Orders to the Commissioners of Customs, to let his goods 
 pass free. Home from my office to my Lord's lodgings, 
 where my wife had got ready a very fine dinner — viz. a dish 
 of marrow-bones ; a leg of mutton ; a loin of veal ; a dish of 
 fowl, three pullets, and a dozen of larks all in a dish ; a great 
 tart, a neat's tongue, a dish of anchovies ; a dish of prawns 
 and cheese. My company was my father, my uncle Fenner, 
 his two sons, Mr. Pierce, and all their wives, and my brother 
 Tom. The news this day is a letter that speaks absolutely 
 Monk's concurrence with this Parliament, and nothing else, 
 which yet I hardly believe. I wrote two characters for Mr. 
 Downing, and carried them to him. 
 
 28th. I went to Mr. Downing, who told me that he was 
 resolved to be gone for Holland this morning. So I to my 
 office again, and dispatch my business there, and came with 
 
 1 Samuel Cromleholme, or Crumlum, Master of St. Paul's School. 
 
 a John Hewson, who, from a low origin, became a Colonel in the Parliament 
 Army, and sat in judgment on the King : he escaped hanging by flight, and died 
 in 1662, at Amsterdam. A curious notice of Hewson occurs in Rugge's Diuinal, 
 6th December, 1659, which states that "he was a cobbler by trade, but a very 
 etout man and a very good commander; but in regard of his former employment, 
 they [the city apprentices] threw at him old shoes, and slippers, and turnip-tops, 
 and brick-bats, stones, and tiles." . . "At this time [January, 1659-60,] there 
 came forth, almost every day, jeering hooks : one was called Colonel ffewson's 
 Confession ; or, a Parley with Pluto, about his going into London, and taking 
 down the gates of Temple-Bar." He had but one eye, which did not escape the 
 notice of his enemies. 
 
 Vol. i.'— 5 » 
 
24 DIARY OF [30th Jan. 
 
 Mr. Hawley to Mr. Downing's lodging, and took Mr. Squib 
 from White Hall in a coach thither with me, and there we 
 waited in his chamber a great while, till he came in ; and, in 
 the mean time, sent all his things to the barge that lays at 
 Charing Cross stairs. Then came he in, and took a very 
 civil leave of me, beyond my expectations, for I was afraid 
 that he would have told me something of removing me from 
 my office ; but he did not, but that he would do me any 
 service that lay in his power. So I went down, and sent a 
 porter to my house for my best fur cap, but he coming too 
 late with it, I did not present it to him ; and so I returned 
 and went to Heaven, 1 where Luellin and I dined. 
 
 29th. (Lord's day.) In the morning I went to Mr. 
 Gunning's, where he made an excellent sermon upon the 2d 
 of the Galatians, about the difference that fell between St. 
 Paul and St. Peter, whereby he did prove, that, contrary to 
 the doctrine of the Roman Church, St. Paul did never own 
 any dependence, or that he was inferior to St. Peter, but 
 that they were equal, only one a particular charge of preaching 
 to the Jews, and the other to the Gentiles. Casting up my 
 accounts, I do find myself to be worth 40L and more, which 
 I did not think, but am afraid that I have forgot something. 
 
 30th. This morning, before I was up, I fell a-singing of 
 my song, " Great, good, and just," &c., 2 and put myself 
 thereby in mind that this was the fatal day, now ten years 
 since, his Majesty died. There seems now to be a general 
 cease of talk, it being taken for granted that Monk do resolve 
 to stand to the Parliament, and nothing else. I took my 
 121. 10s. due to me for my last quarter's salary. [See p. 10.] 
 
 1 A place of entertainment in Old Palace Yard, on the site of which the Com- 
 mittee Rooms of the House of Commons were erected some years ago. It is 
 called in Hudibras, " False Heaven, at the end of the Hall." 
 
 3 This is the beginning of Montrose's verses on the execution of Charles L- 
 which Pepys had probably set to music : — 
 
 Great, good, and just, could I but rate 
 
 My grief and thy too rigid fate, 
 
 I'd weep the world to such a strain 
 
 That it should deluge once again. 
 
 But since thy loud-tongued blood demands supplies 
 
 More from Briareus' hands, than Argue* eyes, 
 
 I'll sing thy obsequies with trumpet sounds, 
 
 And write thy epitaph with blood and wounds. 
 
1659-60.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 15 
 
 31st. After dinner, to Westminster Hall, where all we 
 clerks had orders to wait upon the Committee at the Star 
 Chamber that is to try Colonel Jones, 1 and to give an 
 account what money we had paid him ; but the Committee 
 did not sit to-day. I bought the answer to General Monk's 
 letter, which is a very good one, and I keep it by me. Thence 
 to Mrs. Jem, where 1 found her maid in bed in a fit of the 
 ague, and Mrs. Jem among the people below at work, and by 
 and by she came up hot and merry, as if they had given her 
 wine, at which I was troubled, but said nothing ; after a game 
 at cards, I went home. Called in at Harper's with Mr. 
 Pulsford, servant to Mr. Waterhouse, 2 who tells me, that 
 whereas my Lord Fleetwood 3 should have answered to the 
 Parliament to-day, he wrote a letter and desired a little more 
 time, he being a great way out of town. And how that he is 
 quite ashamed of himself, and confesses how he had deserved 
 this, for his baseness to his brother. And that he is like to 
 pay part of the money, paid out of the Exchequer during the 
 Committee of Safety, out of his own purse again, which I 
 am glad of. I could find nothing in Mr. Downing 's letter, 
 which Hawley brought me, concerning my office ; but I 
 could discern that Hawley had a mind that I would get to 
 be Clerk of the Council, I suppose that he might have the 
 greater salary ; but I think it not safe yet to change this for 
 a public employment. 
 
 February 1st. Took Gammer East, and James the porter, 
 a soldier, to my Lord's lodgings, who told me how they were 
 drawn into the field to-day, and that they were ordered to 
 march away to-morrow, to make room for General Monk; 
 but they did shout their Colonel Fitch 4 and the rest of the 
 officers out of the field, and swore they would not go without 
 their money, and if they would not give it them, they would 
 
 1 Colonel John Jones, impeached, with General Ludlow and Miles Corbet, for 
 treasonable practices in Ireland. 
 
 3 Probably, Edward Waterhouse, an heraldic and miscellaneous writer, styled 
 by Lloyd " as the learned, industrious, and ingenious E. W. of Sion College." 
 His portrait was engraved by Loggan ; he died in 1670. 
 
 * See 17th Jan., 1659-60, and note. 
 
 * Thomas Fitch, Colonel of a regiment of Foot in 1658, M.P. for Inverness : he 
 wa* also Lieutenant of the Tower. 
 
16 DIAEY OF [2d Feb 
 
 go where they might have it, and that was the City. So the 
 Colonel went to the Parliament, and commanded what money 
 could he got, to be got against to-morrow for. them, and all 
 the rest of the soldiers in town, who in all places made a 
 mutiny this day, and do agree together. 
 
 2nd. To my office, where I found all the officers of the 
 regiments in town waiting to receive money, that their sol- 
 diers might go out of town, and what was in the Exchequer 
 they had. Harper, Luellin, and I went to the Temple, to 
 Mr. Calthrop's chamber, and from thence had his man by 
 water to London Bridge, to Mr. Calthrop, a grocer, and 
 received 60Z. for my Lord. In our way, we talked with our 
 waterman, White, who told us how the watermen had lately 
 been abused by some that had a desire to get in to be 
 watermen to the State, and had lately presented an address 
 of nine or ten thousand hands to stand by this Parliament, 
 when it was only told them that it was a petition against 
 hackney-coaches ; and that to-day they had put out another, 
 to undeceive the world, and to clear themselves. After I 
 had received the money, we went homewards ; but over- 
 against Somerset House, hearing the noise of guns, we 
 landed and found the Strand full of soldiers. So I took up 
 my money and went to Mrs. Johnson, my Lord's sempstress, 
 and giving her my money to lay up, Doling and I went up 
 stairs to a window,' and looked out and saw the Foot face the 
 Horse and beat them back, and stood bawling and calling in 
 the street for a free Parliament and money. By and by a 
 drum was heard to beat a march coming towards them, and 
 they all got ready again and faced them, and they proved to 
 be of the same mind with them ; and so they made a great 
 deal of joy to see one another. After all this, I went home on 
 foot to lay up my money, and change my stockings and shoes. 
 I this day left off my great skirt suit, and put on my white 
 suit, with silver lace coat, 1 and went over to Harper's, where 
 I met with W. Simons, Doling, Luellin, and three merchants, 
 one of which had occasion to use a porter, and so they sent 
 
 ' Pepys's father was a tailor, whence perhaps the importance he attaches 
 hroughout the Diary to dress ; it is evidently more than vanity 
 
1659-60.] SAMUEL PBPYS. If 
 
 for one, and James the soldier came, who told us how they 
 had been all day and night upon their guard at St. James's, 
 and that through the whole town they did resolve to stand 
 to what they had begun, and that to-morrow he did believe 
 they would go into the City, and be received there. After 
 this we went to a sport called, selling of a horse for a dish 
 of eggs and herrings, and sat talking there till almost twelve 
 at night. 
 
 3d. Drank my morning draft at Harper's, and was told 
 there that the soldiers were all quiet upon promise of pay. 
 Thence to St. James's Park, back to Whitehall, where in a 
 guard-chamber I saw about thirty or forty 'prentices of the 
 City, who were taken at twelve o'clock last night, and brought 
 prisoners hither. Thence to my office, where I paid a little 
 more money to some of the soldiers under Lieut. Col. Miller 
 (who held out the Tower against the Parliament, after it was 
 taken away from Fitch 1 by the Committee of Safety, and yet 
 he continued in his office). About noon, Mrs. Turner 2 came 
 to speak with me and Joyce, and I took them and showed 
 them the manner of the Houses sitting, the doorkeeper very 
 civilly opening the door for us. We went walking all over 
 White Hall, whither General Monk was newly come, and we 
 saw all his forces march by in very good plight, and stout 
 officers. After dinner, I went to hear news, but only found 
 that the Parliament House was most of them with Monk at 
 White Hall, and' that in passing through the town he had 
 many calls to him for a free Parliament, but little other 
 welcome. I saw in the Palace Yard how unwilling some of 
 the old soldiers were yet to go out of town without their 
 money, and swore if they had it not in three days, as they 
 were promised, they would do them more mischief in the 
 country than if they had staid here ; and that is very likely, 
 the country being all discontented. The town and guards 
 are already full of Monk's soldiers. It growing dark, to take 
 
 ' See Feb. 1st, ante. 
 
 a Jane, daughter of John Pepys, of South Creak, Norfolk, married to John 
 Turner, Sergeant-at-law ; their only child, Theophila, frequently mentioned as 
 The. or Theoph., became the wife of Sir Arthur Harris, Bart., of Stowford, Devon, 
 and died s. p. 
 
 5* 
 
18 DIARY OF pthFeb. 
 
 a turn in the Park, where Theoph. (she was sent for to us to 
 dinner) outran my wife and another poor woman, that laid a 
 pot of ale with me that she would outrun her. 
 
 4th. All the news to-day is, that the Parliament this 
 morning voted the House to be made up four hundred forth- 
 with. Discourse at an alehouse about Marriott, the great 
 eater, so I was ashamed to eat what I could have done. I 
 met Spicer in Lincoln's Inn Court, buying of a hanging-jack 
 to roast birds upon. My wife killed her turkeys that came 
 out of Zealand with my Lord, and could not get her maid 
 Jane to kill any thing at any time. 
 
 5th. (Lord's day.) At church I saw Dick Cumberland, 1 
 newly come out of the country from his living. In the Court 
 of Wards I saw the three Lords Commissioners sitting upon 
 some action where Mr. Scobell was concerned, and my Lord 
 Fountaine 2 took him up very roughly about some things that 
 he said. 3 
 
 6th. To Westminster, where we found the soldiers all set 
 in the Palace Yard, to make way for General Monk to come 
 to the House. I stood upon the steps, and saw Monk go by, 
 he making observance to the judges as he went along. 4 
 
 7th. Went to Paul's School, where he that made the 
 speech for the seventh form in praise of the Founder, 5 did 
 show a book which Mr. Crumlum 6 had lately got, which he 
 believed to be of the Founder's own writing. My brother 
 John came off as well as any of the rest in the speeches. To 
 
 1 Educated at St. Paul's School, and afterwards Fellow of Magdalene College, 
 Cambridge: in 1658, he got possession of the rectory of Brampton, in Northamp- 
 tonshire, to which he was not legally instituted till 1661. He obtained the rectory 
 of All Saints, Stamford, in 1668, and in 1691 was consecrated Bishop of Peter- 
 borough. He died at his palace 9th October, 1719. 
 
 3 Sir Thomas Widdrington and Sergeants Thomas Tyrrell and John Fountain 
 had just been appointed Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal. 
 
 3 See Jan. 9th, ante. 
 
 4 "Feb. 6th. General Monk being in his lodgings at Whitehall, had notice 
 that the House had a desire to see him. He came into the Court of Wards, and 
 being there, the Sergeant-at-Arms went to meet him with the mace, and his 
 lordship attended the Sergeant, who went before him with the mace on his 
 shoulder, being accompanied with Mr. Scott and Mr. Robinson." — Rugge'B 
 Diurnal. 
 
 ' John Colet, Dean of St. Paul's, whose life has been written by Knight 
 • ^ee Jan. 24th, ante. 
 
1659-80.1 SAMUEL PEPYS. 19 
 
 the Hall, where in the Palace I saw Monk's soldiers abuse 
 Billing and all the Quakers, that were at a meeting-place 
 there, and indeed the soldiers did use them very roughly, and 
 were to blame. This day, Mr. Crewe told me that my Lord 
 St. John 1 is for a free Parliament, and that he is very great 
 with Monk, who hath now the absolute command and power 
 to do any thing that he hath a mind to do. 
 
 9th. Before I was out of my bed, I heard the soldiers very 
 busy in the morning, getting their horses ready when they 
 lay at Hilton's, but I knew not then their meaning in so 
 doing. In the Hall I understand how Monk is this morn- 
 ing gone into London with his army ; and Mr. Fage told me 
 that he do believe that Monk is gone to secure some of the 
 Common-council of the City, who were very high yesterday 
 there, and did vote that they would not pay any taxes till 
 the House was filled up. I went to my office, where I wrote 
 to my Lord after I had been at the Upper Bench, where Sir 
 Robert Pye this morning came to desire his discharge from 
 the Tower ; but it could not be granted. 2 I called at Mr. 
 Harper's, who told me how Monk had this day clapt up many 
 of the Common-council, and that the Parliament had voted 
 that he should pull down their gates and portcullises, their 
 posts and their chains, which he do intend to do, and do lie 
 in the City all night. 
 
 To Westminster Hall, where I heard an action very finely 
 pleaded between my Lord Dorset 3 and some other noble per- 
 sons, his lady and other ladies of quality being there, and it 
 was about 330?. per annum that was to be paid to a poor 
 
 1 Oliver St. John, of Lamport, Northamptonshire, Solicitor- General in 1640, 
 and afterwards Lord Chief-Justice of the Upper Bench. 
 
 3 Sir Robert Pye, the elder, was auditor of the Exchequer, and a staunch 
 Royalist. He garrisoned his house at Faringdon, which was besieged by his son, 
 of the same names, a decided republican, son-in-law to Hampden, and colonel of 
 Horse under Fairfax. The son, here spoken of, wag subsequently committed to 
 the Tower for presenting a petition to the House of Commons from the county of 
 Berks, which he represented in Parliament, complaining of the want of a settled 
 form of government. He had, however, the courage to move for an Habeas 
 Corpus, but Judge Newdigate decided that the courts of law had not the power 
 to discharge him. Upon Monk's coming to London, the secluded members passed 
 a vote to liberate Pye, and at the Restoration he was appointed equerry to the 
 King. He died in 1701. 
 
 * Richard Sackvillc, fifth Earl of Dorset, ob. 1677. 
 
20 DIARY OF [11th Feb, 
 
 Spittal, which was given by some of his predecessors ; and 
 given on his side. 1 
 
 10th. Mr. Page told me what Monk had done in the City, 
 how he had pulled down the most part of the gates and 
 chains that they could break down, and that he was now gone 
 back to White Hall. The City look mighty blank, and cannot 
 tell what in the world to do ; the Parliament having this day 
 ordered that the Common-council sit no more, but that new 
 ones be chosen, according to what qualifications they shall 
 give them. 
 
 11th. I heard the news of a letter from Monk, who was 
 now gone into the City again, and did resolve to stand for 
 the sudden filling up of the House, and it was very strange 
 how the countenance of men in the Hall was all changed with 
 joy in half an hour's time. So I went up to the lobby, 
 where I saw the Speaker reading of the letter ; and after it 
 was read, Sir A. Haselrigge came out very angry, and Billing, 
 standing at the door, took him by the arm, and cried, "Thou 
 man, will thy beast carry thee no longer ? thou must fall !" 
 We took coach for the City to Guildhall, where the Hall 
 was full of people expecting Monk and Lord Mayor to come 
 thither, and all very joyfull. Met Monk coming out of the 
 chamber where he had been with the Mayor 2 and Aldermen, 
 but such a shout I never heard in all my life, crying out, 
 " God bless your Excellence !" Here I met with Mr. Lock, 3 
 and took him to an ale-house : when we were come together, 
 he told us the substance of the letter that went from Monk 
 to the Parliament ; wherein, after complaints that he and his 
 oflicers were put upon such offices against the City as they 
 could not do with any content or honour, it states, that there 
 are many members now in the House that were of the late 
 tyrannical Committee of Safety. That Lambert and Vane* 
 are now in town, contrary to the vote of Parliament. That 
 
 1 This was the Sackville College for the poor, at East Grinstead, founded by 
 Robert Sackville, second Earl of Dorset, who died in 1608. There is a good 
 account of Sackville College in the Gentleman's Magazine for December, 1848. 
 
 a Allen, afterwards Sir Thomas, married to Elizabeth Birch. 
 
 3 Matthew Locke, the celebrated composer. 
 
 • See Jan. 9, 1659-60. 
 
l«59-00.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 21 
 
 many in the House do press for new oaths to be put upon 
 men ; whereas we have more cause to be sorry for the many 
 oaths that we have already taken and broken. That the late 
 petition of the fanatique people presented by Barebones, 1 for 
 the imposing of an oath upon all sorts of people, was received 
 by the House with thanks. That therefore he 2 did desire that all 
 writs for filling up of the House be issued by Friday next, and 
 that in the mean time he would retire into the City, and only 
 leave them guards for the security of the House and Council. 
 The occasion of this was the order that he had last night, to go 
 into the City and disarm them, and take away their charter ; 
 whereby he and his officers said, that the House had a mind 
 to put them upon things that should make them odious ; and 
 so it would be in their power to do what they would with 
 them. We were told that the Parliament had sent Scott 3 
 and Robinson to Monk this afternoon, but he would not hear 
 them ; and that the Mayor and Aldermen had offered their 
 own houses for himself and his officers ; and that his soldiers 
 would lack for nothing. And indeed I saw many people 
 give the soldiers drink and money, and all along the streets 
 cried " God bless them !" and extraordinary good words. 
 Hence we went to a merchant's house hard by, where I saw 
 Sir Nich. Crisp, 4 and so we went to the Star Tavern, (Monk 
 being then at Benson's.) In Cheapside there was a great 
 many bonfires, and Bow bells and all the bells in all the 
 
 1 Fraise God Barebones, an active member of the Parliament called by his 
 name. About this period he had appeared at the head of a band of fanatics, and 
 alarmed Monk, who well knew his influence. He was a leather-seller in Fleet 
 Street. 
 
 ' Monk. 
 
 3 Thomas Scott, recently made Secretary of State, had signed the King's 
 death-warrant, for which he was executed at Charing Cross, 16th October, 1660. 
 He and Luke Robinson were both Members of Parliament, and of the Council 
 of State, and selected, as firm adherents to the Rump, to watch Monk's proceed- 
 ings ; and never was a mission more signally unsuccessful. Scott, before hia 
 execution, desired to have it written, on his tombstone, " Thomas Scott, who 
 adjudged to death the late king." 
 
 4 An eminent merchant, and one of the Farmers of the Cnstoms. He had 
 advanced large sums to assist Charles I., who created him a baronet. He died 
 26th February, 1665, aged 67, and was buried in the church of St. Mildred, 
 Bread Street. For an account of him, and his magnificent house at Hammer- 
 smith, on the site of which Brandenburg House was built, see Lysons's Environs, 
 and other local histories. 
 
^2 DIARY OF [12th Fob. 
 
 churches as we went home were a-ringing. Hence we went 
 homewards, it being about ten at night. But the common 
 joy that was everywhere to be seen ! The number of bon- 
 fires, there being fourteen between St. Dunstan's and Temple 
 Bar, and at Strand Bridge ! I could at one time tell thirty-one 
 fires. In King Street seven or eight ; and all along, burning, 
 and roasting, and drinking for rumps. There being rumps 
 tied upon sticks and carried up and down. The butchers at 
 the May Pole in the Strand 2 rang a peal with their knives 
 when they were going to sacrifice their rump. On Ludgate 
 Hill there was one turning of the spit that had a rump tied 
 upon it, and another basting of it. Indeed it was past imagina- 
 tion, both the greatness and the suddenness of it. At one end 
 of the street you would think there was a whole lane of fire, 
 and so hot that we were fain to keep on the further side. 
 
 12th. (Lord's day.) In the morning, it being Lord's day, 
 to White Hall, where Dr. Holmes 3 preached; but I staid not 
 to hear, but walking in the court, I heard that Sir Arthur 
 Haselrigge was newly gone into the City to Monk, and that 
 Monk's wife* removed from White Hall last night. After 
 dinner, I heard that Monk had been at Paul's in the morn- 
 ing, and the people had shouted much at his coming out of 
 the church. In the afternoon he was at a church in Broad 
 Street, whereabout he do lodge. Walking with Mr. Kirton's 5 
 apprentice during evening church, and looking for a tavern to 
 drink at, but not finding any open, we durst not knock. To 
 my father's, where Charles Grlascocke was overjoyed to see how 
 
 1 Described in Maitland's History of London as a handsome bridge crossing 
 the Strand, near the east end of Catharine Street, under which a small stream 
 glided from the fields into the Thames, near Somerset House. 
 
 2 Where stands the church of St. Mary-le-Strand. 
 
 * Nathaniel Holmes, D.D., of Exeter College, Oxford. He was the intruding 
 incumbent of St. Mary Stayning, London, and ejected by the Act of Uniformity, 
 and died in 1676. He was a very learned but voluminous and fanciful writer. 
 A list of his works is given in Wood's Athents, (ed. Bliss) vol. iii, 1160. See 
 also Kennett's Register, p. 827. 
 
 * Anne Clarges, daughter of a blacksmith, and bred a milliner; mistress and 
 afterwards wife of General Monk, over whom she exercised the greatest in- 
 fluence. 
 
 ' Joseph Kirton was a bookseller in St. Paul's churchyard, at the sign of 
 "The King's Arms." His death, in October, 1667, is recorded in Smith's 
 Obituary, printed for tb°. Camden Society. 
 
1659-60.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 23 
 
 things are now : who told me the boys had last night broke 
 Barebones' windows. 
 
 13th. This day Monk was invited to White Hall to dinner 
 by my Lords ; not seeming willing, he would not come. I 
 went to Mr. Fage from my father's, who had been this after- 
 noon with Monk, who did promise to live and die with the 
 City, and for the honour of the City ; and indeed the City is 
 very open-handed to the soldiers, that they are most of them 
 drunk all day, and had money given them. 
 
 14th. My wife, hearing Mr. Moore's voice in my dressing- 
 chamber, got herself ready, and came down and challenged 
 him for her Valentine. To Westminster Hall, there being 
 many new remonstrances and declarations from many counties 
 to Monk and the City, and one coming from the North from 
 Sir Thomas Fairfax. 1 I heard that the Parliament had now 
 changed the oath so much talked of to a promise ; and that, 
 among other qualifications for the members that are to be 
 chosen, one is that no man, nor the son of any man, that 
 hath been in arms during the life of the father, shall be capable 
 of being chosen to sit in Parliament. This day, by an order 
 of the House, Sir H. Vane 2 was sent out of town to his house 
 in Lincolnshire. 
 
 15th. No news to-day, but all quiet to see what the Par- 
 liament will do about the issuing of the writs to-morrow for 
 the filling up of the House, according to Monk's desire. 
 
 17th. To Westminster Hall, where I heard that some of 
 the members of the House were gone to meet some of the 
 secluded members and General Monk in the City. Hence to 
 White Hall, thinking to hear more news, where I met with 
 Mr. Hunt, who told me how Monk had sent for all his goods 
 that he had here, into the City ; and yet again he told me, 
 that some of the members of the House had this day laid in 
 firing into their lodgings at Whitehall for a good while, so that 
 we are at a great stand to think what will become of things, 
 
 1 Thomas Lord Fairfax, mentioned before. He had succeeded to the Scotch 
 Barony of Fairfax, of Cameron, on the death of his father, in 1647; even after 
 his accession to the title, he is frequently styled "Sir Thomas," in the pam- 
 phlets and papers of the day. 
 
 * Sir H. Vane had married Frances, daughter of Sir Christopher Wray, of 
 Ashby, Lincolnshire, Bart. 
 
24 DIARY OF [20th Feb 
 
 whether Monk will stand to the Parliament or no. Drank 
 with Mr. Wotton, who told a great many stories of comedies 
 that he had formerly seen acted, and the names of the prin- 
 cipal actors, and gave me a very good account of it. 
 
 18th. This day two soldiers were hanged in the Strand for 
 their late mutiny at Somerset House.' 
 
 19th. (Lord's day.) To Mr. Gunning's and heard an excel- 
 lent sermon. Here I met with Mr. Moore, and went home 
 with him to dinner, where he told me the discourse that hap- 
 pened between the secluded members and the members of the 
 House, before Monk, last Friday. How the secluded said, 
 that they did not intend by coming in to express revenge upon 
 these men, but only to meet and dissolve themselves, and only 
 to issue writs for a free Parliament. He told me how Hasel- 
 rigge 2 was afraid to have the candle carried before him, for 
 fear that the people, seeing him, would do him hurt ; and that 
 he is afraid to appear in the City. That there is great likeli- 
 hood that the secluded members will come in, and so Mr. 
 Crewe and my Lord are likely to be great men, at which I 
 was very glad. After dinner, there was many secluded mem- 
 bers come in to Mr. Crewe, which, it being the Lord's day, 
 did make Mr. Moore believe that there was something extra- 
 ordinary in the business. Mr. Mossum 3 made a very good 
 sermon, but only too eloquent for a pulpit. 
 
 20th. I went forth to Westminster Hall, where I met with 
 Chetwind, Simons, and Gregory. 4 They told me how the 
 Speaker Lenthall do refuse to sign the writs for choice of new 
 members in the place of the excluded ; and by that means the 
 writs could not go out to-day. In the evening, Simons and 
 I to the Coffee Club [Miles's], where I heard Mr. Harrington, 
 
 1 "They were brought to the place of execution, which was at Charing Cross, 
 and over against Somerset House in the Strand, where were two gibbets 
 erected. These men were the grand actors in the mutinies at Gravesend, 
 at Somerset House, and in St. James' Fields." — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
 * See Jan. 13th, 1659-60, and note. 
 
 3 This was in all probability Robert Moesom, author of several sermons 
 preached at London, and printed about the time of the Restoration, who was in 
 1666 made Bishop of Derry. In the title-page of his Apology in behalf of the 
 Sequestered Clergy, printed in 1660, he calls himself "Preacher of God's word 
 at St. Peter's, Paul's Wharf, London." See also Somers's Tracts, vol. vii. p. 237 
 edit. 1748. 
 
 4 Mr. Gregory was, in 1672, Clerk of the Cheque at Chatham. 
 
1659-60.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 25 
 
 and my Lord of Dorset and another Lord, talking of getting 
 another place at the Cockpit, and they did believe it would 
 come' to something. The Club broke up very poorly, and I 
 do not think they will meet any more. 
 
 21st. In the morning I saw many soldiers going towards 
 Westminster Hall, to admit the secluded members again. So 
 I to Westminster Hall, and in Chancery I saw about twenty 
 of them who had been at White Hall with General Monk, 
 who came thither this morning, and made a speech 1 to them, 
 and recommended to them a Commonwealth, and against 
 Charles Stuart. They came to the House, and went in one 
 after another, and at last the Speaker came. But it is very 
 Btrange that this could be carried so private, that the other 
 members of the House heard nothing of all this, till they 
 found them in the House, insomuch that the soldiers that 
 stood there to let in the secluded members, they took for such 
 as they had ordered to stand there to hinder their coming in. 
 Mr. Prin 2 came with an old basket-hilt sword on, and had a 
 great many shouts upon his going into the Hall. They sat 
 till noon, and at their coming out Mr. Crewe saw me, and bid 
 me come to his house and dine with him, which I did ; and 
 he very joyful told me that the House had made General 
 Monk General of all the Forces in England, Scotland, and 
 Ireland ; and that upon Monk's desire, for the service that 
 Lawson had lately done in pulling down the Committee of 
 Safety, he had the command of the Sea for the time being. 
 He advised me to send for my Lord forthwith, and told me 
 that there is no question that, if he will, he may now be em- 
 ployed again ; and that the House do intend to do nothing 
 more than to issue writs, and to settle a foundation for a free 
 Parliament. After dinner, I back to Westminster Hall with 
 him in his coach. Here I met with Mr. Lock 3 and Pursell, 4 
 
 1 This remarkable speech is given at length by Rugge, who adds that about 
 fourscore of the secluded members attended the first meeting of the House. It is 
 highly probable that Monk had ascertained that they were ready to support him, 
 before he committed himself to the Parliament. 
 
 3 William Prynne, the lawyer, well known by his voluminous publications, and 
 the persecution which he endured. He was M.P. for Bath, 1660, and died 1669. 
 
 ' See Feb. 10th, 1659-60. 
 
 * Henry Purcell, father of the celebrated composer of the same name, who was 
 born in 165S. 
 
 Vol. 1—6 
 
26 DIARY OF [23d Feb 
 
 Master of Musique, and went with them to the Coffee House, 
 into a room next the water, by ourselves, where we spent an 
 hour or two till Captain Taylor come and told us that the 
 House had voted the gates of the City to be made up again, 
 and the members of the City 1 that are in prison to be set at 
 liberty ; and that Sir G. Booth's '" case be brought into the 
 House to-morrow. Here we had variety of brave Italian and 
 Spanish songs, and a canon for eight voices, which Mr. Lock 
 had lately made on these words : " Domine salvum fac Regem." 
 Here out of the windows it was a most pleasant sight to see 
 the City from one end to the other with a glory about it, so 
 high was the light of the bonfires, and so thick round the 
 City, and the bells rang everywhere. Mr. Fuller, of Christ's, 
 told me very freely the temper of Mr. Widdrington, 3 how he 
 did oppose all the fellows in the College, and feared it would 
 be little to my brother's advantage to be his pupil. 
 
 22d. Walking in the Hall, I saw Major-General Brown, 4 
 who had a long time been banished by the Rump, but now 
 with his beard overgrown, he comes abroad and sat in the 
 House. To White Hall, where I met with Will. Simons and 
 Mr. Mabbot at Marsh's, who told me how the House had this 
 day voted that the gates of the City should be set up at the 
 cost of the State ; and that Major-General Brown's being 
 proclaimed a traitor be made void, and several other things of 
 that nature. I observed this day how abominably Barebones' 
 windows are broke again last night. Mr. Pierce told me he 
 would go with me to Cambridge, where Colonel Ayres' regi- 
 ment, to which he is surgeon, lieth. 
 
 23d. Thursday, my birthday, now tvfenty-seven years. 
 
 1 Richard Brown, William Wilde, John Robinson, and William Vincent. 
 
 5 Sir George Booth, Bart., of Dunham Massey, then a prisoner in the Tower, 
 from which he was released the next day. In 1661 he was created Baron Delamer 
 for his services to the King. 
 
 3 Br. Ralph Widdrington having been ejected from his Fellowship by the Master 
 and Fellows of Christ's College, Cambridge, October 28th, 1661, sued out a man. 
 damus to be restored to it; and the matter being referred to Commissioners — 
 "the Bishop of London, the Lord Chancellor, and some of the Judges" — he 
 obtained restitution. — Kennett's Register, p. 552. 
 
 * Richard Brown, a Major-General of the Parliament forces, Governor of 
 Abingdon, and Member for London in the Long Parliament, who had been im- 
 prisoned by the Rump faction. He is afterwards mentioned (June 13th, 1665,) 
 as Sir Richard Brown ; not John Evelyn's father-in-law of the same names. 
 
1659-60.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 27 
 
 To Westminster Hall, where, after the House rose, I met 
 with Mr. Crewe, who told me that my Lord was chosen by 
 73 voices to be one of the Council of State. Mr. Pierpoint 1 
 had the most, 101, and himself the next, 100. 
 
 24th. I rose very early, and taking horse at Scotland 
 Yard, at Mr. Garthwayt's stable, I rode to Mr. Pierce's : we 
 both mounted, and so set forth about seven of the clock ; at 
 Puckridge we baited, the way exceeding bad from Ware 
 thither. Then up again and as far as Foulmer, within six 
 miles of Cambridge, my mare being almost tired : here we 
 lay at the Chequer. I lay with Mr. Pierce, who we left 
 here the next morning, upon his going to Hinchingbroke, 2 to 
 speak with my Lord, before his going to London, and we two 
 come to Cambridge by eight o'clock in the morning. I went 
 to Magdalene College, to Mr. Hill, 3 with whom I found Mr. 
 Zanchy, 4 Burton, 5 and Hollins, and took leave on promise 
 to sup with them. To the Three Tuns, where we drank 
 pretty hard and many healths to the King, &c. : then we 
 broke up, and I and Mr. Zanchy went to Magdalene College, 
 
 ' William Pierrepont, M.P. of Thoresby, second son to Robert, first Earl of 
 Kingston, aged 71, ob. 1679. 
 
 a Hincbingbrooke House, so often mentioned in the Diary, stood about half a 
 mile to the westward of the town of Huntingdon. It was erected late in the 
 reign of Elizabeth, by Sir Henry Cromwell, on the site of a Benedictine nunnery, 
 granted at the "Dissolution, with all its appurtenances, to his father, Richard 
 Williams, who had assumed the name of Cromwell, and whose grandson, Sir 
 Oliver, was the uncle and godfather of the Protector. The knight, who was re- 
 nowned for his hospitality, had the honour of entertaining King James at Hincb- 
 ingbrooke, but, getting into pecuniary difficulties, was obliged to sell his estates, 
 which were conveyed, 28th July, 1627, to Sir Sidney Montagu, of Barnwell, 
 father of the first Earl of Sandwich, in whose descendant they are still vested. 
 On the morning of the 22nd January, 1830, during the minority of the seventh 
 Earl, Hinchingbrooke was almost entirely destroyed by fire, but the pictures and 
 furniture were mostly saved, and the house has been rebuilt in the Elizabethan 
 style, and the interior greatly improved, under the direction of Edward Blore, 
 Esq., R.A. 
 
 » Joseph Hill, a native of Yorkshire, chosen in 1649 Fellow of Magdalene 
 College, and in 1659 University Proctor : he afterwards retired to London, and, 
 according to Calamy, was offered » bishopric by Charles II., which he declined, 
 disliking the terms of conformity ; and, accepting a call to the English Church at 
 Rotterdam in 1678, died there in 1707, aged 83. — Nonconformists' Memorial. 
 
 4 Clement Zanchy, or Sankey, scholar of Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1647 ; 
 Fallow, 1654; described as of the city of London. 
 
 » Hezekiah Burton, of Lound, Nottinghamshire, Pensioner of Magdalene Col- 
 lie, Cambridge, 1647 ; Wray Fellow, 1651. 
 
2& DIARY OF [27th FeD. 
 
 where a very handsome supper at Mr. Hill's chambers, I 
 suppose upon a club among them, where I could find that 
 there was nothing at all left of the old preciseness in their 
 discourse, especially on Saturday nights; and Mr. Zanchy 
 told me that there was no such thing now-a-days among them 
 at any time. 
 
 25th. My father, brother, and I to Mr. Widdrington, at 
 Christ's College, who received us very civilly, and caused my 
 brother to be admitted. 
 
 26th. (Sunday.) My brother went to the College Chapel. 
 At St. Botolph's Church we heard Mr. Nicholas, of Queen's 
 College, who I knew in my time to be Tripos ' with great ap- 
 plause, upon this text, " For thy commandments are broad." 
 To Mr. Widdrington' s to dinner, where he used us very 
 courteously. Found Mr. Pierce at our Inn, who told us that 
 he had lost his journey, for my Lord was gone from Hinch- 
 ingbroke to London on Thursday last, at which I was a little 
 put to a stand. I went to Magdalene College, to get the 
 certificate of the College for my brother's entrance there, 
 that he might save his year. 
 
 27th. Up by four o'clock : Mr. Blayton and I took horse 
 and straight to Saffron Walden, where, at the White Hart, 
 we set up our horses, and took the master of the house to 
 show us Audley End House, 2 who took us on foot through 
 the park, and so to the house, where the housekeeper showed 
 us all the house, in which the stateliness of the ceilings, 
 chimney-pieces, and form of the whole was exceedingly worth 
 seeing. He took us into the cellar, where we drank most 
 admirable drink, a health to the King. Here I played on 
 my flageolette, there being an excellent echo. He showed us 
 
 1 The Tripos was the person who made the disputation on Ash Wednesday, 
 otherwise called the Bachelor of the Stool. He was generally seleoted for his skill 
 and readiness in the disputation, and allowed great licence of language, an indul- 
 gence often abused; and hence statutes were passed "de auferendis morionum 
 ineptiis et scurrilibus jocis in disput&tionibus." 
 
 2 Then the residence of James Howard, third Earl of Suffolk. It was built by 
 Thomas, the first earl, at the commencement of the seventeenth century, and 
 called after his maternal ancestor, Lord Chancellor Audley, to whom the monas- 
 tery of Walden,. the site of which is occupied by the present house, had been 
 granted at the Dissolution. 
 
1659-60.] AMUEL PEPYS. Oft 
 
 excellent pictures ; two especially, those of the four Evange- 
 lists and Henry VIII. In our going, my landlord carried 
 us through a very old hospital or almshouse, where forty poor 
 people were maintained; a very old foundation; and over 
 the chimney-piece was an inscription in brass : " Orate pro 
 anim§; Thomse Bird," 1 &c. 2 They brought me a draft of their 
 drink in a brown bowl, tipt with silver, which I drank off, 
 and at the bottom was a picture of the Virgin with the child 
 in her arms, done in silver. So we took leave, the road pretty 
 good, but the weather rainy to Epping. 
 
 28th. Up in the morning, and had some red herrings to 
 our breakfast, while my boot-heel was a-mending, by the same 
 token the boy left the hole as big as it was before. Then to 
 horse for London, through the forest, where we found the way 
 good, but only in one path, which we kept as if we had rode 
 through a kennel all the way. We found the shops all shut, 
 and the militia of the red regiment in arms at the old Ex- 
 change, among whom I found and spoke to Nich. Osborne, 
 who told me that it was a thanksgiving-day through the City 
 for the return of the Parliament. At Paul's I light, Mr. 
 Blayton holding my horse, where I found Dr. Reynolds 3 in 
 the pulpit, and General Monk there, who was to have a great 
 entertainment at Grocers' Hall. I found my Lord at dinner, 
 glad to see me. 
 
 29th. To my office. Mr. Moore told me how my Lord is 
 chosen General at Sea by the Council, and that it is thought 
 that Monk will be joined with him therein. This day my 
 Lord came to the House, the first time since he come to town ; 
 but he had been at the Council before. My cousin Morton 
 gave me a brave cup of metheglin, the first I ever drank. 
 
 March 1st. Out of the box where my Lord's pamphlets 
 lay, I chose as many as I had a mind to have for my own 
 use, and left the rest. I went to Mr. Crewe's, whither Mr. 
 Thomas was newly come to town, being sent with Sir H. 
 
 1 Bryd in the original. 
 
 1 The inscription and the bowl are still to be seen in the almshouse. 
 ' Edward Reynolds, D.D., Dean of Christ Church, and afterwards Bishop of 
 Norwich. He died, 1676 : his works are well known. 
 6* E 
 
30 DIARY OF [3d March. 
 
 Yelverton, 1 my old schoolfellow at Paul's School, to bring the 
 thanks of the county to General Monk for the return of the 
 Parliament. 
 
 2d. I went early to my Lord at Mr. Crewe's, where I 
 spoke to him. Here were a great many come to see him, as 
 Secretary Thurloe, 2 who is now by the Parliament chosen 
 again Secretary of State. To Westminster Hall, where I 
 saw Sir G. Booth at liberty. This day I hear the City 
 militia is put into good posture, and it is thought that Monk 
 will not be able to do any great matter against them now, if 
 he had a mind. I understand that my Lord Lambert did 
 yesterday send a letter to the Council, and that to-night he 
 is to come and appear to the Council in person. Sir Arthur 
 Haselrigge do not yet appear in the House. Great is the 
 talk of a single person, and that it would now be Charles, 
 George, or Richard again ; 3 for the last of which, my Lord 
 St. John 4 is said to speak high. Great also is the dispute 
 now in the House, in whose name the writs shall run for the 
 next Parliament ; and it is said that Mr. Prin, in open house, 
 said, "In King Charles's." 
 
 3d. To Westminster Hall, where I found that my Lord 
 was last night voted one of the Generals at Sea, and Monk the 
 other. I met my Lord in the Hall, who bid me come to him 
 at noon. After dinner, I to Warwick House, 5 in Holborne, 
 to my Lord, where he dined with my Lord of Manchester, 6 
 
 1 Son of Sir Christopher Yelverton, the first Baronet, grandson of Sir Henry 
 Yelverton, Judge C. P., author of the Reports. He married Susan, Baroness Grey 
 de Ruthyn, which title descended to his issue. His son was afterwards advanced 
 to the dignity of Viscount Longueville, and his grandson to the Earldom of 
 Sussex. The Yelverton Collection of MSS. belongs to Lord Calthorpe, whose 
 ancestor married a daughter of the first Viscount Longueville. 
 
 a John Thurloe, who had been Secretary of State to the two Protectors, but was 
 never employed after the Restoration, though the King solicited his services. Ob. 
 1668. 
 
 3 Charles Stuart; George Monk; Richard Cromwell. 
 
 4 Oliver St. John ; see Feb. 7, 1659-60, and note. 
 
 1 Near Gray's Inn, where Warwick Court now stands. 
 
 fl The Parliamentary General, afterwards particularly instrumental in the King's 
 Restoration, became Chamberlain of the Household, K. G., » Privy Counsellor, 
 and Chancellor of the University of Cambridge. He died in 1671, having been 
 five times married. 
 
1659-60.] SAMUEL PBPTS. 31 
 
 Sir Dudley North, 1 my Lord Fiennes, 3 and my Lord Barkly. 3 
 I staid in the great hall, talking with some gentlemen 
 there, till they all come out. Then I, by coach with my 
 Lord, to Mr. Crewe's, in our way talking of public things. 
 He told me he feared there was new design hatching, as if 
 Monk had a mind to get into the saddle. Keturning, met 
 with Mr. Gilford, who told me, as I hear from many, that 
 things are in a very doubtful posture, some of the Parliament 
 being willing to keep the power in their hands. After I had 
 left him, I met with Tom Harper ; he talked huge high that 
 uiy Lord Protector would come in place again, which indeed 
 is much discoursed of again, though I do not see it possible. 
 
 5th. To Westminster by water, only seeing Mr. Pinkny* 
 at his own house, where he showed me how he had always 
 kept the Lion and Unicorne, in the back of his chimney, 
 bright, in expectation of the King's coming again. At home 
 I found Mr. Hunt, who told me how the Parliament had 
 voted that the Covenant be printed and hung in churches 
 again. Great hopes of the King's coming again. 
 
 6th. Shrove Tuesday. I called Mr. Shepley, and we both 
 went up to my Lord's lodgings at Mr. Crewe's, where he 
 bids us to go home again, and get a fire against an hour 
 after ; which we did, at White Hall, whither he came, and 
 
 1 Sir Dudley North, K. B., became the fourth Lord North, on the death of 
 his father, in 1666. Ob. 1677. 
 
 3 John, third son of William, first Viscount Say and Sele, and one of Oliver's 
 Lords. 
 
 " George, thirteenth Lord Berkeley of Berkeley, created Earl of Berkeley 1679. 
 There "were at this time two Lord Berkeleys, each possessing a town-house called 
 after his name, which misled Pennant and other biographers following in his 
 track. George, thirteenth Lord Berkeley of Berkeley, advanced to an Earldom 
 in 1679, the Peer here spoken of, lived at Berkeley House, in the parish of St. 
 John's, Clerkenwell, which had been in his family for three generations, and he 
 had a country-seat at Durdans, near Epsom, mentioned by Evelyn and Pepys. 
 His death took place in 1698. The other nobleman, originally known as Sir 
 John Berkeley, and in the service of Charles I., created in 1658 Baron Berkeley 
 of Stratton, subsequently filled many high Offices in the State, and was in 1670 
 Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and in 1674 went Ambassador to Erance, and died 
 in 1678. He built a splendid mansion in Piccadilly, called also Berkeley House, 
 upon the site of which Devonshire House now stands. To prevent confusion, 
 the words [of Stratton] will bo added wherever his name occurs in these pages. 
 
 4 Probably Leonard Pinkney, who was Clerk of the Kitchen at the ensuing 
 Coronation Feast 
 
32 DIARY OF [6th March, 
 
 after talking with him about our going to sea, he called me 
 by myself into the garden, where he asked me how things 
 were with me. He bid me look out now at this turn some 
 good place, and he would use all his own, and all the interest 
 of his friends that he had in England, to do me good ; and 
 asked me whether I could, without too much inconvenience, 
 go to sea as his secretary, and bid me think of it. He also 
 began to talk of things of State, and told me that he should 
 want one in that capacity at sea, that he might trust in, and 
 therefore he would have me to go. He told me also, that he 
 did believe the King would come in, and did discourse with me 
 about it, and about the affection of the people and City, at 
 which I was full glad. Mr. Hawley brought me a seaman 
 that had promised 101. to him if he get him a purser's place, 
 which I think to endeavour to do. My uncle Tom inquires 
 about the Knights of Windsor, of which he desires to be one. 
 To see Mrs. Jem, at whose chamber door I found a couple of 
 ladies, but she not being there, we hunted her out, and found 
 that she and another had hid themselves behind a door. Well, 
 they all went down into the dining-room, where it was full of 
 tag, rag, and bobtail, dancing, singing, and drinking, of which 
 I was ashamed, and after I had staid a dance or two, I went 
 away. Wrote by the post, by my Lord's command, for I. 
 Goods to come up presently ; for my Lord intends to go forth 
 with Goods to the Swiftsure till the Nazeby be ready. This 
 day I hear that the Lords do intend to sit, a great store of 
 them are now in town, and, I see, in the Hall to-day. Overton 1 
 at Hull do stand out, but can, it is thought, do nothing ; and 
 Lawson, it is said, is gone with some ships thither, but all 
 that is nothing. My Lord told me, that there was great en- 
 deavours to bring in the Protector again ; but he told me, 
 too, that he did believe it would not last long if he were 
 brought in ; no, nor the King neither, (though he seems to 
 think that he will come in,) unless he carry himself very 
 soberly and well. Every body now drinks the King's health 
 without any fear, whereas before it was very private that a 
 man dare do it. Monk this day is feasted at Mercers' Hall, 
 
 ' The Parliamentary General. 
 
i««0-l SAMUEL PEPTS. 33 
 
 and is invited one after another to the twelve Halls in London. 
 Many think that he is honest yet, and some or more think 
 him to be a fool that would raise himself, but think that 
 he will undo himself by endeavoring it. 
 
 7th. Ash Wednesday. Washington told me, upon my question 
 whether he knew of any place now ready that I might have 
 by power over friends, that this day Mr. G. Montagu 1 was to 
 be made Custos Eotulorum for Westminster, and that I might 
 get to be named by him Clerk of the Peace ; but my Lord he 
 believes Mr. Montagu had already promised it, and that it was 
 given him only that he might gratify one person with the place 
 I look for. Going homeward, my Lord overtook me in his 
 ooach, and called me in, and so I went with him to St. James's, 
 and G. Montagu being gone to White Hall, we walked over 
 the Park thither, all the way he discoursing of the times, and 
 of the change of things since the last year, and wondering how 
 he could bear with so great disappointment as he did. He did 
 give me the best advice that he could what was best for me, 
 whether to stay or go with him, and offered all the ways that 
 could be, how he might do me good, with the greatest liberty 
 and love that could be. This day, according to order, Sir 
 Arthur 2 appeared at the House ; what was done I know not, 
 but there was all the Rumpers almost come to the House to- 
 day. My Lord did seem to wonder much why Lambert was 
 so willing to be put into the Tower, and thinks he has some 
 design in it ; but I think that he is so poor that he cannot use 
 his liberty for debts, if he were at liberty ; and so it is as good 
 and better for him to be there, than any where else. My 
 father left my uncle with his leg very dangerous, and do be- 
 lieve he cannot continue long. My uncle did acquaint him, 
 that he did intend to make me his heir, and give my brother 
 Tom something, [and to leave] something to raise portions for 
 Joh. and Pall. 3 I pray God he may be as good as his word : 
 
 * George Montagu, fifth son of Henry, first Earl of Manchester, afterwards 
 M.P. for Dover, and father of the first Earl of Halifax. He was youngest 
 brother of Lord Manchester, mentioned in page 30. See also Jan. 22, 1661-62, 
 and note. 
 
 * Haselrigge. 
 
 * John and Paulina Pepys, oar author's brother and sister. 
 
g^ DIARY OF [9th March, 
 
 This news and my Lord's great kindness makes me very 
 cheerful within. 
 
 8th. To Westminster Hall, where there was a general damp 
 over men's minds and faces upon some of the Officers of the 
 Army being about making a remonstrance upon Charles 
 Stuart or any single person ; but at noon it was told, that the 
 General had put a stop to it, so all was well again. Here I 
 met with Jasper, who was to bring me to my Lord at the 
 lobby ; whither sending a note to my Lord, he comes out to 
 me and gives me directions to look after getting some money 
 for him from the Admiralty, seeing that things are so unsafe, 
 that he would not lay out a farthing for the State, till he had 
 received some money of theirs. This afternoon some of the 
 Officers of the Army, and some of the Parliament, had a con- 
 ference at White Hall, to make all right again, but I know not 
 what is done. At the Dog * tavern, Captain Philip Holland, 
 with whom I advised how to make some advantage of my 
 Lord's going to sea, told me to have five or six servants en- 
 tered on board as dead men, and I to give them what wages I 
 pleased, and so their pay to be mine ; he also urged me to take 
 the Secretary's place that my Lord did proffer me. Then in 
 comes Mr. Wade and Mr. Sterry, secretary to the plenipo- 
 tentiary in Denmark, who brought the news of the death of the 
 King of Sweden 2 at Gottenburgh, the 3rd of last month, and 
 he told me what a great change he found when he came here, 
 the secluded members being restored. 
 
 9th. To my Lord at his lodging, and came to Westminster 
 with him in the coach ; and Mr. Budley and he in the Painted 
 Chamber walked a good while ; and I telling him that I was 
 willing and ready to go with him to sea, he agreed that I 
 should, and advised me what to write to Mr. Downing about 
 it. This day it was resolved that the writs do go out in the 
 name of the Keepers of the Liberty, and I hear that it is re- 
 solved privately that a treaty be offered with the King ; and that 
 Monk did check his soldiers highly for what they did yesterday. 
 
 1 A house still existing in Holywell Street in the Strand bears this name, but 
 from mention elsewhere, the Dog Tavern here recorded must have been in West- 
 minster. * Charles Qustavus. 
 
166 °m SAMUEL PEPYS. 35 
 
 10th. To my father in his cutting T house, and told him my 
 resolution to go to sea with my Lord, and we resolved of 
 letting my wife be at Mr. Bowyer's. 2 
 
 12th. Rode to Huntsmore 3 to Mr. Bowyer's, where I found 
 him, and all well, and willing to have my wife come and board 
 with them while I was at sea. Here I lay, and took a spoon- 
 ful of honey and a nutmeg, scraped for my cold, by Mr. 
 Bowyer's direction. 
 
 13th. At my Lord's lodgings, who told me that I was to be 
 secretary, and Crewe deputy treasurer to the Fleet, at which 
 I was troubled, but I could not help it. This day the Parlia- 
 ment voted all that had been done by the former Rump against 
 the House of Lords to be void, and to-night that the writs go 
 out without any qualification. Things seem very doubtful what 
 will be the end of all ; for the Parliament seems to be strong 
 for the King, while the soldiers do all talk against. 
 
 14th. To my Lord's, where infinity of applications to him 
 and to me. To my great trouble, my Lord gives me all the 
 papers that was given to him, to put in order and to give him 
 an account of them. Here I got half a piece of a person of 
 Mr. Wright's recommending to my Lord, to be Chaplain of 
 the Speaker frigate. I went hence to St. James's, to speak with 
 Mr. Clerke, 4 Monk's secretary, about getting some soldiers 
 removed out of Huntingdon to Oundle, which my Lord told 
 me he did to do a courtesy to the town, that he might have the 
 greater interest in them, in the choice of the next Parliament ; 
 not that he intends to be chosen himself, but that he might 
 have Mr. G. Montagu and my Lord Mandeville 5 chose there 
 in spite of the Bernards. 6 This done I saw General Monk, and 
 
 1 He was a tailor. 
 
 2 Mr. Bowyer had probably remarried Mrs. Pepys's mother. 
 
 3 See 8th May following. 
 
 4 Clement Clerke, of Lawnde Abbey, 00. Leicester, created a Baronet in 1661. 
 s Eldest son of the Earl of Manchester. 
 
 s Robert Bernard, created a Baronet in 1662, served in parliament for Hunting- 
 don, before and after the Restoration, and died in 1666. His son and successor, 
 Sir John Bernard, the second baronet at the time of his death, in 1669, was one 
 of the Knights of the Shire for the county of Huntingdon. The inscription upon 
 his monument in Brampton Church is given in the Topographer and Genealogist, 
 Tol. i. p. 113. Sir Nicholas Pedley, who was also burgess for Huntingdon, mar- 
 ried a daughter of Sir Robert Bernard. 
 
36 DIARY OP ri8th March, 
 
 methought he seemed a dull heavy man. I did promise to 
 give my wife all that I have in the world, but my books, in 
 case I should die at sea. After supper, I went to Westmin- 
 ster Hall, and the Parliament sat till ten at night, thinking 
 and being expected to dissolve themselves to-day, but they 
 did not. Great talk to-night that the discontented officers 
 did think this night to make a stir, but prevented. 
 
 15th. Early packing up my things to be sent by cart with 
 the rest of my Lord's. At Will's I met Tom Alcock, one 
 that went to school with me at Huntingdon, but I had not 
 seen him these sixteen years. 
 
 16th. To Westminster Hall, where I heard how the Par- 
 liament had this day dissolved themselves,, and did pass very 
 cheerfully through the Hall, and the Speaker without his 
 mace. The whole Hall was joyful thereat, as well as them- 
 selves, and now they begin to talk loud of the King. To- 
 night I am told, that yesterday, about five o'clock in the 
 afternoon, one came with a ladder to the Great 1 Exchange, 
 and wiped with a brush the inscription that was on King 
 Charles, and that there was a great bonfire made in the 
 Exchange, and people called out, " God bless King Charles 
 the Second!" 2 
 
 17th. This day, before I went out with my wife, I did seal 
 my will to her, whereby I did give her all that I have in the 
 world, but my books, which I give to my brother John, ex- 
 cepting only French books, which my wife is to have. 
 
 18th. (Lord's day.) I gave Captain Williamson his com 
 mission to be Captain of the Harp, and he gave me a piece 
 of gold, and 20s. in silver. To Mr. Mossum's, where he 
 
 1 So called during the Commonwealth, in lieu of Royal. 
 
 "" Then the writing in golden letters, that was engraven under the statue of 
 Charles I., in the Royal Exchange (Exit tyrannus, Regum ultimus, anno liber- 
 tatis Anglice, Anno Domini 1648, Januarie xxx.) was washed out by a painter, 
 who in the day time raised a ladder, and with a pot and brush washed the writing 
 quite out, threw down his pot and brush, and said it should never do him any 
 more service, in regard that it had the honour to put out rebels' hand-writing. 
 He then came down, took away his ladder, not a misword said to him, and by 
 whose order it was done was not then known. The merchants were glad and 
 joyful, many people were gathered together, and against the Exchange made a 
 bonfire." — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
M60.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 37 
 
 made a very gallant sermon upon " Pray for the life of the 
 King, and the King's son." 
 
 19th. Early to my Lord, where infinity of business to do, 
 which makes my head full; and, indeed, for these two or 
 three days I have not been without a great many cares. 
 After that, to the Admiralty, where a good while with Mr. 
 Blaekburne, who told me that it was much to be feared that 
 the King would come in, for all good men and good things 
 were now discouraged. Thence to Wilkinson's, where Mr. 
 Shepley and I dined ; and while we were at dinner, my Lord 
 Monk's life-guard come by with the Sergeant-at-Arms before 
 them, with two Proclamations, that all Cavaliers do depart 
 the town ; but the other, that all officers that were lately dis- 
 banded should do the same. The last of which, Mr. R. 
 Creed, 1 1 remember, said, that he looked upon it as if they 
 had said, that all God's people should depart the town. All 
 the discourse now-a-day is, that the King will come again ; 
 and for all I see, it is the wishes of all ; and all do believe 
 that it will be so. My mind is still much troubled for my 
 poor wife, but I hope that this undertaking will be worth my 
 pains. This day, my Lord dined at my Lord Mayor's 
 [Allen], and Jaspar was made drunk, which my Lord was 
 very angry at. 
 
 20th. I took a short melancholy leave of my father and 
 mother, without having them to drink, or say anything of 
 business one to another. At Westminster, by reason of rain 
 and an easterly wind, the water was so high that there was 
 boats rowed in King Street, and all our yards was drowned, 
 that one could not go to my house, 2 so as no man has seen 
 the like almost, and most houses full of water. 3 
 
 1 Major Richard Creed, who commanded »■ troop under Lambert when that 
 general surrendered to Ingoldsby : see 24 April following. He was imprisoned 
 with the rest of the officers, but his name does not recur in the Diary, nor is it 
 itnown whether he was related to John Creed, so frequently mentioned hereafter. 
 
 a In Axe Yard, King Street, Westminster. See note to p. 1, of this volume. 
 
 1 "In this month the wind was very high, and caused great tides, so that 
 great hurt was done to the inhabitants of Westminster, King Street being quite 
 drowned. The Maidenhead boat was cast away, and twelve persons with her. 
 Also, about Dover the waters brake in upon the mainland; and in Kent was very 
 much damage done ; so that report said, there was 20,00<U. worth of harm done.* 
 — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
 Vol. I.— 7 
 
Og DIARY 01? [24th Mifch, 
 
 21st. To my Lord's, but the wind very high against us ; 
 here I did very much business, and then to my Lord Wid- 
 drington's from my Lord, with his desire that he might have 
 the disposal of the writs of the Cinque Ports. My Lord was 
 very civil to me, and called for wine, and writ a long letter in 
 answer. 
 
 22d. To Westminster, and received my warrant of Mr. 
 Blackburne, to be Secretary to the two Generals of the 
 Fleet. Strange how these people do now promise me any- 
 thing ; one a rapier, the other a vessel of wine, or a gun, and 
 one offered me a silver hat-band to do him a courtesy. I pray 
 God to keep me from being proud, or too much lifted up 
 hereby. 
 
 23d. Carried my Lord's will in a black box to Mr. W. 
 Montagu, 1 for him to keep for him. My Lord, Captain 
 Isham, 2 Mr. Thomas, John Crewe, W. Howe, and I to the 
 Tower, where the barges staid for us ; my Lord and the 
 Captain in one, and W. Howe and I, &c, in the other, to 
 the Long Reach, where the Swiftsure 3 lay at anchor ; (in our 
 way, we saw the great breach which the late high water had 
 made, to the loss of many 10001. to the people about Lime- 
 house.) Soon as my Lord on board, the guns went oif 
 bravely from the ships. And a little while after comes the 
 Vice Admiral Lawson, and seemed very respectful to my 
 Lord, and so did the rest of the Commanders of the frigates 
 that were thereabouts. We were late writing of orders for 
 the getting of ships ready, &c. ; and also making of others to 
 all the sea-ports between Hastings and Yarmouth, to stop all 
 dangerous persons that are going or coming between Flanders 
 and there. The cabin allotted to me was the best that any 
 had that belonged to my Lord. 
 
 24th. At work hard all the day writing letters to the 
 Council, &c. Mr. Creed 4 came on board, and dined very 
 
 1 William, second son of the first Lord Montagu of Boughton, and first cousin to 
 Sir Edward Montagu. He was afterwards Lord Chief Baron. Ob. 1707, set. 89. 
 
 5 Sir Sidney Montagu, the father of "my Lord," had married for his second 
 wife one of the Isham family, of Lamport. 
 
 * Commanded by Captain, after Sir Richard Stayner. 
 
 4 John Creed, who, having been a Puritan, hal been averse to the King's 
 coming in. 
 
I860.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 39 
 
 boldly with my Lord. The boy Eliezer flung down a can of 
 beer upon my papers, which made me give him a box of the 
 ear, it having cost me a great deal of work. 
 
 25th. (Lord's day.) About two o'clock in the morning, 
 letters came from London by our coxon, so they waked me, 
 but I bid him stay till morning, which he did, and then I rose 
 and carried them into my Lord, who read them a-bed. Among 
 the rest, there was the writ and mandate for him to dispose 
 to the Cinque Ports for choice of Parliament-men. There 
 was also one for me from Mr. Blackburne, who with his own 
 hand superscribes it to S. P., Esq., 1 of which God knows I 
 was not a little proud. I wrote a letter to the Clerk of Dover 
 Castle, to come to my Lord about issuing of those writs. Mr. 
 Ibbott 2 prayed, and preached a good sermon. At dinner, I 
 took place of all but the Captain. After that, sermon again, 
 at which I slept, God forgive me ! 
 
 26th. This day it is two years since it pleased God that I 
 was cut for the stone at Mrs. Turner's in Salisbury Court ; 
 and did resolve while I live to keep it a festival, as I did the 
 last year at my house, and for ever to have Mrs. Turner and 
 her company with me. But now it pleased God that I am 
 prevented to do it openly ; only within my soul I can and do 
 rejoice, and bless God, being at this time, blessed be his holy 
 name, in as good health as ever I was in my life. This morn- 
 ing I rose early, and went about making of an establish- 
 ment of the whole Fleet, and a list of all the ships, with the 
 number of men and guns. About an hour after that, we 
 had a meeting of the principal commanders and seamen, to 
 proportion out the number of these things. All the after- 
 noon very many orders were made, till I was very weary. 
 At night, the Captain [Cuttance] came, and sat drinking 
 [with us] till eleven, a kindness he do not often do the 
 greatest officer in the ship. 
 
 1 Pepys was not a little proud of being addressed as S. P., Esquire. In fifty 
 years afterwards (as we find from Steele's pleasant paper in the Tatler, No. 19J 
 we were become populus armigerorum: every pretender admitted into the frater- 
 nity. Who is now excluded? This entry, and Pepys's pride, in 1666, in having a 
 spare bed, are among those minute details which render the Diary so valuable as 
 a history of manners. 
 
 * Edmund Ibbott, S.T.B., in 1662 made rector of Deal. Ob. 1677. 
 
40 DIARY OF [28th March, 
 
 27th. This morning, the -wind came about, and we fell into 
 the Hope ; and in our passing by the vice-admiral, he and 
 the rest of the frigates did give us many guns, and we him, 
 and the report of them broke all the windows in my cabin. 
 I sat the first time with my Lord at table since my coming 
 to sea. All the afternoon exceeding busy in writing of letters 
 and orders. In the afternoon, Sir Harry Wright ' come on 
 board us, about his business of being chosen a Parliament- 
 man. My Lord brought him to see my cabin, where I was 
 hard a-writing. At night supped with my Lord too, with the 
 Captain. 
 
 28th. This morning and the whole day busy. At night, 
 there was a gentleman very well bred, his name was Banes, 
 going for Flushing, who spoke French and Latin very well, 
 brought by direction from Captain Clerke hither, as a 
 prisoner, because he called out of the vessel that he went 
 in, "Where is your King, we have done our business, 
 Vive le Eoi !" He confessed himself a Cavalier in his 
 heart, and that he and his whole family had fought for the 
 King ; but that he was then drunk, having been taking 
 his leave at Gravesend the night before, and so could not 
 remember what it was that he said ; but in his words 
 and carriage showed much of a gentleman. My Lord had 
 a great kindness for him, but did not think it safe to 
 release him, though he had a supper in the master's cabin. 
 But a while after, he sent a letter down to my Lord, which 
 my Lord did like very well, and did advise with me that 
 the gentleman was to be released. So I went up and sat 
 and talked with him in Latin and French ; and about eleven 
 at night he took boat again, and so God bless him. This day 
 we had news of the election at Huntingdon for Bernard 2 and 
 Pedly, at which my Lord was much troubled for his friends' 
 missing of it. 
 
 1 M.P. for Harwick ; created a Baronet bj Cromwell, 1658, and by Charles II., 
 1660. He married Anne, daughter of Lord Crewe, and sister to Sir E. Montagu's 
 wife, and resided at D&genham, Essex. 
 
 a John Bernard and Nicholas Pedley, re-elected in the next Parliament 
 The latter had beeD a Commissioner of the Wine Office. Sir E. Montagu had 
 set bp his eldest son and G. Montagu as candidates. See ante, Maroh 14th, and 
 Bote. 
 
!««"•] SAMUEL PBPYS. 41 
 
 29th. We lie still a little below Gravesend. At night 
 Mr. Shepley returned from London, and told us of several 
 elections for the next Parliament. That the King's effigies 
 ■was new making to be set up in the Exchange again. This 
 evening was a great whispering that some of the Vice- 
 Admiral's captains were dissatisfied, and did intend to fight 
 themselves, to oppose the General. But it was soon hushed, 
 and the Vice-Admiral did wholly deny any such thing, and 
 protested to stand by the General. 
 
 30th. I was saluted in the morning with two letters, from 
 some that I had done a favour to, which brought me in each 
 a piece of gold. This day, while my Lord and we were at 
 dinner, the Nazeby came in sight towards us, and at last 
 come to anchor close by us. My Lord and many others 
 went on board her, where every thing was out of order, and 
 a new chimney made for my Lord in his bed-chamber, which 
 he was much pleased with. My Lord, in his discourse, dis- 
 covered a great deal of love to this ship. 1 
 
 April 1st, (Lord's day.) This morning, I gave Mr. Hill, 
 that was on board with the Vice-Admiral, a bottle of wine, 
 and was exceedingly satisfied with the power I have to make 
 my friends welcome. Mr. Ibbott preached very well. After 
 dinner, my Lord did give me a private list of all the ships 
 that were to be set out this summer, wherein I do discover 
 that he hath made it his care to put by as much of the 
 Anabaptists as he can. By reason of my Lord and my being 
 busy to send away the packet by Mr. Cooke of the Nazeby, 
 it was four o'clock before we could begin sermon again. This 
 day, Captain Guy come on board the Dunkirk, who tells 
 me that the King will come in, and that the soldiers at 
 Dunkirk do drink the King's health in the streets. I made 
 a commission for Captain Wilgness, of the Bear, to-night, 
 which got me 30s. 
 
 2d. Up very early, and to get all my things and my 
 boy's packed up. Great concourse of commanders here this 
 morning, to take leave of my Lord upon his going into the 
 
 1 Sir E. Montagu's flag had been on board the Naseby when he went to tb* 
 Sound. 
 
 1 * 
 
J2 DIARTOF [4th April, 
 
 Nazeby. My cabin little, but very convenient, with two 
 windows and a good bed. This morning comes Mr. Edward 
 Pickering, 1 like a coxcomb as he always was : he tells me that 
 the King will come in, but that Monk did resolve to have 
 the doing of it himself, or else to hinder it. 
 
 3d. There come many merchants to get convoy to the 
 Baltique, which a course was taken for. They dined with 
 my Lord, and one of them, by name Alderman "Wood, talked 
 much to my Lord of the hopes that he had now to be settled, 
 (under the King, he meant) ; but my Lord took no notice of 
 it. This day come the Lieutenant of the Swiftsure, who was 
 sent by my Lord to Hastings, one of the Cinque Ports, to 
 have got Mr. Edward Montagu to have been one of their 
 burgesses, but could not, for they were all promised before. 
 My heart exceeding heavy for not hearing of my dear wife. 
 
 4th. This morning come Colonel Thomson with the wooden 
 leg, and General Pen, and dined with my Lord and Mr. 
 Blackburne, who told me that it was certain now that 
 the King must of necessity come in, and that one of the 
 Council told him there is something doing in order to a treaty 
 already among them. And it was strange to hear how Mr. 
 Blackburne did already begin to commend him for a sober 
 man, and how quiet he would be under his government, &c. 
 The Commissioners come to-day, only to consult about a 
 further reducement of the Fleet, and to pay them as fast as 
 they can. At night, my Lord resolved to send the Captain 
 
 ' Younger brother of Sir Gilbert Pickering, Bart., born 1618, and bred to the 
 law; and in 1681 a resident in Lincoln's Inn. He married Dorothy, one of the 
 daughters of Sir John Weld, of Arnolds, in Edmonton, Middlesex, and died in 
 1698, s. p. s. : his widow survived till December, 1707. Roger North ("Life of 
 Lord Keeper Guildford," 1742, p. 58) has drawn a very unfavourable picture of 
 Edward Pickering, calling him a subtle fellow, a money-hunter, a great trifler, 
 and avaricious, but withal a great pretender to puritanism, frequenting the 
 Rolls' Chapel, and most busily writing the sermon in his hat, that he might not 
 be seen. We learn from the same authority that Sir John Cutts, of Cbilderley, 
 having left his aunt, Mrs. Edward Pickering, an estate worth 300?. per annum, 
 for ninety-nine years, if she should so long live, her husband, who was the 
 executor, erased from the will the words of reference to her life, with intention 
 to possess himself of the property for the term, absolutely; which fraud being 
 suspected, the question was tried in a court of law, and the jury without 
 hesitation found Pickering the author of the erasure, before the publication 
 cf the will. 
 
1660-] SAMUEL PBPTS. 43 
 
 of our ship to Waymouth, and promote his being chosen there, 
 which he did put himself into readiness to do the next 
 morning. 
 
 5th. We set sail at noon, and come in the evening to Lee 
 roads and anchored. To the castles 1 about Deal, where our 
 fleet lay, and anchored ; great was the shoot of guns from 
 the castles, and ships, and our answers. 
 
 6th. Under sail as far as the Spitts. 
 
 7th. The wind grew high, and we, being among the sands, 
 lay at anchor ; I began to be dizzy and squeamish. 
 
 8th. (Lord's day.) The lieutenant and I looked through 
 his glass at two merchantmen, and at the women on board 
 them, being pretty handsome. 
 
 9th. In sight of the North and South Forelands. This 
 afternoon I first saw France and Calais, with which I was 
 much pleased, though it was at a distance. 
 
 10th. Most of the commanders in the fleet came on board, 
 and the Vice-Admiral to us, who sat and talked, and seemed 
 a very good-natured man. 
 
 11th. Lord Goring 2 returned from France, and landed 
 at Dover. A gentleman came from my Lord of Manchester 
 to my Lord for a pass for Mr. Boyle, 3 which was made him. 
 All the news from London is that things go on further 
 towards a King. That the Skinners' Company the other 
 day, at their entertaining of General Monk, 4 had took down 
 the Parliament Arms in their Hall, and set up the King's. 
 My Lord and I had a great deal of discourse about the 
 several Captains of the Fleet and his interest among them, 
 and had his mind clear to bring in the King. He confessed 
 
 1 The castles were Walmer, Sandgate, Sandwich, Deal, and Dover. 
 
 a Charles, who succeeded his father as second Earl of Norwich. He had been 
 banished eleven years before by the Parliament for headiDg an army, and keeping 
 the town of Colchester for the use of the King. At his first coming he went to 
 the Council of State, and had leave to remain in London, provided he did not 
 disturb the peace of the nation. — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
 * The celebrated Robert Boyle, youngest son of Richard, first Earl of Cork. 
 
 4 His Excellency had now dined at nine of the chief Halls; at every Hall there 
 was after dinner a kind of stage-play, and many pretty conceits, and dancing and 
 singing, aDd many shapes and ghosts, and the like, and all to please Lord Monk. 
 —Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
44 DIARY OP [15th AprU, 
 
 to me that lie was not sure of his own Captain [CuttanceJ, to 
 be true to him, and that he did not like Captain [John] Stokes. 
 Came two letters from my dear wife. 
 
 12th. Weather bad. Twenty strangers aboard. 
 
 14th. This day I was informed that my Lord Lambert 
 is got out of the Tower, 1 and that there is 100L proffered 
 to whoever shall bring him forth to the Council of State. 
 My Lord is chosen at Waymouth this morning ; my Lord 
 had his freedom brought him by Captain Tiddiman of the 
 port of Dover, by which he is capable of being elected for 
 them. This day I heard that the Army had in general 
 declared to stand by what the next Parliament shall do. 
 
 15th. (Lord's day.) To sermon, and then to dinner, 
 where my Lord told us that the University of Cambridge 
 had a mmd to choose him for their burgess, which he pleased 
 himself with, to think that they do look upon him as a 
 thriving man, and said so openly at table. At dinner-time, 
 Mr. Cooke came back from London with a packet which 
 caused my Lord to be full of thoughts all day, and at night 
 he bid me privately to get two commissions ready, one for 
 Captain Robert Blake to be captain of the Worcester, in the 
 room of Captain Dekings, an Anabaptist, and one that had 
 witnessed a great deal of discontent with the present pro- 
 ceedings. The other for Captain Coppin to come out of that 
 into the Newbury in the room of Blake, whereby I perceive 
 
 ' The manner of the escape of John Lambert, out of the Tower, on the 11th 
 inBt., as related by Rugge : — That about eight of the clock, at night he escaped by 
 a rope tied fast to his window, by which he slid down, and in each hand he had a 
 handkerchief; and six men were ready to receive him, who had a barge to hasten 
 him away. She who made the bed, being privy to his escape, that night, to blind 
 the warder when he came to lock the chamber-door, went to bed, and possessed 
 e Colonel Lambert's place, and put on his night- cap. So, when the said warder 
 came to lock the door, according to his usual manner, he found the curtains 
 drawn, and conceiving it to be Colonel John Lambert, he said, " Good night, my 
 Lord." To which a seeming voice replied, and prevented all further jealousies. 
 The next morning, on coming to unlock the door, and espying her face, he cried 
 out, " In the name of God, Joan, what makes you here ? Where is my Lord 
 Lambert?" She said, "He is gone; but I cannot tell whither." Whereupon 
 he caused her to rise, and carried her before the officer in the Tower, and [she] 
 was committed to custody. Some said that a lady knit for him a garter of 
 silk, by which he was conveyed down, and that she received 1Q0L. for her 
 pains. 
 
M80.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 45 
 
 that General Monk do resolve to make a thorough change, 
 to make way for the King. From London I hear that, 
 since Lambert got out of the Tower, the Fanatiques had 
 held up their heads high, but I hope all that will come i;o 
 nothing. 
 
 17th. All the morning getting ready commissions for t^ie 
 Vice- Admiral ' and the Rear- Admiral, 2 wherein my Lord was 
 very careful to express the utmost of his own power, com- 
 manding them to obey what orders they should receive from 
 the Parliament, &c, or both or either of the Generals. 3 My 
 Lord told me clearly his thoughts that the King would carry 
 it, and that he did think himself very happy that he was now 
 at sea, as well for his own sake, as that he thought he might 
 do his country some service in keeping things quiet. My 
 Lord did give the Vice-Admiral his commission. 
 
 18th. Mr. Cooke returned from London, bringing me 
 this news, that the Cavaliers are something unwise to talk so 
 high on the other side as they do. That the Lords do meet 
 every day at my Lord of Manchester's, and resolve to sit the 
 first day of the Parliament. That it is evident now that 
 the General and the Council do resolve to make way for the 
 King's coming. And it is clear that either the Fanatiques 
 must now be undone, or the gentry and citizens throughout 
 England, and clergy must fall, in spite of their militia and 
 army, which is not at all possible, I think. Mr. Edward 
 Montagu come on board, making no stay at all. Sir R. 
 Stayner, Mr. Shepley, and as many of my Lord's people 
 as could be spared, went to Dover, to get things ready for 
 the Election to-morrow. 
 
 19th. At dinner, news brought us that my Lord was chosen 
 at Dover. 
 
 20th. This evening come Mr. Boyle on board, for whom 
 
 ' Sir John Lawson. 
 
 3 Sir Richard Stayner, knighted and made a Vice-Admiral by Cromwell, 
 1657, and after the Restoration sent to command at Tangier till the Governor 
 arrived. 
 
 » Sir Edward Montagu afterwards recommended the Duke of York as High 
 Admiral to give regular and lawful commissions to the Commanders of the Meet, 
 instead of those which they had received from Sir Edward himself, or from the 
 Rump Parliament. — Kennett's Register, p. 163. 
 
 ¥ 
 
46 * DIARY OF [21st April, 
 
 I writ an order for a ship to transport him to Flushing. He 
 supped with my Lord, my Lord using him as a person of 
 honour. Mr. Shepley told me that he heard for certain at 
 Dover 'that Mr. Edward Montagu 1 did go beyond sea when 
 he was here first the other day, and I am apt to believe that 
 hj) went to speak with the King. This day, one told me 
 \bw that at the election at Cambridge for knights of the 
 shire, Wendby and Thornton, by declaring to stand for the 
 Parliament and a King and the settlement of the Church, 
 did carry it against all expectation against Sir Dudley North 
 and Sir Thomas Willis. 2 
 
 21st. This day dined Sir John Boys 3 and some other gentle- 
 men, formerly great Cavaliers, and among the rest one Mr. 
 Norwood, 4 for whom my Lord give a convoy to carry him to 
 the Brill, but he is certainly going to the King ; for my Lord 
 commanded me that I should not enter his name in my book. 
 My Lord do show them and that sort of people great civility. 
 All their discourse and others are of the King's coming, 
 and we begin to speak of it very freely ; and heard how in 
 many churches in London, and upon many signs there, and 
 upon merchants' ships in the river, they had set up the King's 
 arms. This night there came one with a letter from Mr. 
 Edward Montagu to my Lord, with command to deliver it to 
 his own hands. I do believe that he do carry some close 
 business on for the King. This day I had a large letter from 
 Mr. Moore, giving me an account of the present dispute at 
 London that is like to be at the beginning of the Parliament, 
 about the House of Lords, who do resolve to sit with the 
 Commons, as not thinking themselves dissolved yet, which, 
 whether it be granted or no, or whether they will sit or no, 
 it will bring a great many inconveniences. His letter I keep, 
 it being a very well writ one. 
 
 ' Eldest son of Edward, second Lord Montagu, of Boughton, killed at Bergen, 
 1665. 
 
 * He had represented Cambridgeshire in the preceding Parliament. 
 
 3 Of Sandwich, gentleman of the Privy-Chamber. 
 
 ' A Major Norwood had been Governor of Dunkirk ; and a person of the 
 same name occurs, as one of the Esquires of the body at the Coronation of 
 Charles II. Probably, he was Richard Norwood of Dane's Court, in the Isle of 
 Thanet. See Dec. 1, 1662. 
 
166l >-] SAMUEL PEPYS. 47 
 
 22d. (Easter Sunday.) Several Londoners, strangers, 
 friend's of the Captains, dined here, who, among other things, 
 told us, how the King's Arms are every day set up in houses 
 and churches, particularly in Allhallows' Church in Thames 
 Street, John Simpson's church, which, being privately done, 
 was a great eyesore to his people when they came to church 
 and saw it. Also, they told us for certain, that the King's 
 statue is making by the Mercers' Company, (who are bound 
 to do it 1 ) to set up in the Exchange. 
 
 23d. I had 40s. given me by Captain Cowes of the Paragon. 
 In the evening, for the first time, extraordinary good sport 
 among the seamen, after my Lord had done playing at nine- 
 pins. That being done, he fell to singing a song upon the 
 Rump, to the tune of " The Blacksmith." 
 
 24th. To dine with the Vice-AdmiraP on board the London, 
 which had a state-room much bigger than the Nazeby, but 
 not so rich. After that, with the Captain on board our own 
 ship, where we were saluted with the news of Lambert's being 
 taken, which news was brought to London on Sunday last. 
 He was taken in Northamptonshire by Colonel Ingoldsby, 3 at 
 the head of a party, by which means their whole design is 
 broke, and things now very open and safe ; and every man 
 begins to be merry and full of hopes. 
 
 25th. Dined to-day with Captain Robert Gierke on board 
 the Speaker, (a very brave ship/) where was the Vice-Admi- 
 ral, Rear-Admiral, and many other commanders. After 
 dinner, home, not a little contented to see how I am treated, 
 and with what respect made a fellow to the best commander 
 in the Fleet. 
 
 26th. This day come Mr. Donne 5 back from London, who 
 
 ' As trustees for Sir Thomas Gresham, the founder of the Royal Exchange. 
 
 9 Sir John Lawson : see April 17, ante. 
 
 * Colonel Richard .Ingoldsby, Governor of Oxford under his kinsman Cromwell. 
 He signed the warrant for the execution of Charles I. j but was pardoned for the 
 service here mentioned, and made K.B. at the Coronation of Charles II. He 
 afterwards retired to his seat at Lethenborough, Bucks, and dying 16th Sept., 
 1685, was buried in the church of Hartwell, near Aylesbury. 
 
 Of fifty-two guns ; afterwards named the Mary : see May 23, 1660. 
 
 1 Probably, Thomas Danes, at that time one of the Admiralty messengers. 
 
4g DIARY OF [2Mi April, 
 
 brought letters with him that signify the meeting of the Par- 
 liament yesterday. And in the afternoon, by other letters, I 
 hear, that about twelve of the Lords met and had chosen my 
 Lord of Manchester Speaker of the House of Lords (the 
 young Lords that never sat yet do forbear to sit for the pre- 
 sent) ; and Sir Harbottle Grimston, 1 Speaker for the House 
 of Commons, which, after a little debate, was granted. Dr. 
 Reynolds preached before the Commons before they sat. My 
 Lord told me how Sir H. Yelverton 2 (formerly my school- 
 fellow) was chosen in the first place for Northamptonshire, 
 and Mr. Crewe in the second ; and told me how he did be- 
 lieve that the Cavaliers have now the upper hand clear of the 
 Presbyterians. 
 
 27th. This morning, Pirn [the tailor] spent in my cabin, 
 putting a great many ribbons to a suit. After dinner, came 
 on board Sir Thomas Hatton 3 and Sir R. Maleverer, 4 going 
 for Flushing ; but all the world know that they go where the 
 rest of the many gentlemen go that every day flock to the King 
 at Breda. They supped here, and my Lord treated them, as 
 he do the rest that go thither, with a great deal of civility. 
 While we were at supper, a packet came, wherein much news 
 from several friends. The chief is, that that I had from Mr. 
 Moore, viz., that he fears that the Cavaliers in the House will 
 be so high, that the others will be forced to leave the House 
 and fall in with General Monk, and so offer things to the 
 King so high on the Presbyterian account that he may refuse, 
 and so they will endeavour some more mischief; but when 1 
 told my Lord it, he shook his head, and told me that the 
 Presbyterians are deceived, for the General is certainly for 
 the King's interest, and so they will not be able to prevail that 
 way with him. After supper, the two knights went on board 
 the Grantham, that is to convey them to Flushing. I am 
 informed that the Exchequer is now so low, that there is not 
 
 1 Ancestor of the Earls of Verulam. He was made Master of the Rolls No- 
 Tember following, and died 1683. 
 
 * Of Easton Mauduit, Bart., grandson to the Attorney-General of both his names. 
 Ob. 1679. See p. 30, ante. 
 
 ■ Of Long Stanton, co. Cambridge, Bart, 
 
 4 Of Allerton Maleverer, Yorkshire, Bart 
 
16GO0 SAMUEL PEPYS. 49 
 
 201. there, to give the messenger that brought the news of 
 Lambert's being taken ; which story is very strange that he 
 should lose his reputation of being a man of courage now at 
 one blow, for that he was not able to fight one stroke, but 
 desired of Colonel Ingoldsby several times to let him escape. 
 Late reading my letters, my mind being much troubled to 
 think that, after all our hopes, we should have any cause tn 
 fear any more disappointments therein. 
 
 29th. (Sunday.) After sermon in the morning, Mr. Cooke 
 came from London with a packet, bringing news how all the 
 young lords that were not in arms against the Parliament 
 do now sit. That a letter is come from the King to tha 
 House, which is locked up by the Council till next Thursday, 
 that it may be read in the open House when they meet 
 again, they having adjourned till then to keep a fast to- 
 morrow. And so the contents are not yet known. 13,000?. 
 of the 20,000?. given to General Monk is paid out of the 
 Exchequer, he giving 12?. among the teller's clerks of 
 Exchequer. My Lord called me into the great cabin below, 
 where he told me that the Presbyterians are quite mastered 
 by the Cavaliers, and that he fears Mr. Crewe did go a little 
 too far the other day in keeping out the young lords from 
 sitting. That he do expect that the King should be brought 
 over suddenly, without staying to make any terms at all, 
 saying that the Presbyterians did intend to have brought 
 him in with such conditions as if he had been in chains. 
 But he shook his shoulders when he told me how Monk had 
 betrayed them, for it was Monk that did put them upon 
 standing to put out the lords and other members that come 
 not within the qualifications, which Montagu did not like, 
 but however Monk had done his business, though it be with 
 some kind of baseness. After dinner, I walked a great while 
 upon the deck with the chirurgeon and purser, and other 
 officers of the ship, and they all pray for the King's coming, 
 which I pray God send. 
 
 30th. Mr. Shepley and I got my Lord's leave to go on 
 shore, it being very pleasant in the fields, but a very pitiful 
 town Deal is. 
 
 Vol. I.— 8 
 
50 DIARY OF [2d May, 
 
 May 1st. It being a very pleasant day, I wished myself 
 in Hyde Park. At supper, hearing a great noise, we all 
 rose, and found it was to save the coxon of the Cheriton, 
 who, dropping overboard, was drowned. To-day, I hear they 
 were very merry at Deal, setting up the king's flags upon 
 one of their maypoles, and drinking his health upon their 
 knees in the streets, and firing the guns, which the soldiers 
 of the Castle threatened, but durst not oppose. 
 
 2d. Mr. Donne from London, with letters that tell us the 
 welcome news of the Parliament's votes yesterday, which will 
 be remembered for the happiest Mayday that hath been many 
 a year to England. The King's letter was read in the 
 House, wherein he submits himself and all things to them, 
 as to an Act of Oblivion to all, unless they shall please to 
 except any, as to the confirming of the sales of the King's 
 and Church lands, if they see good. The House, upon 
 reading the letter, ordered 50,000Z. to be forthwith provided 
 to send to His Majesty for his present supply ; and a com- 
 mittee chosen to return an answer of thanks to His Majesty 
 for his gracious letter ; and that the letter be kept among 
 the records of the Parliament ; and in all this not so much 
 as one No. So that Luke Robinson 1 himself stood up, and 
 made a recantation for what he had done, and promises to be 
 a loyal subject to his Prince for the time to come. The City 
 of London have put out a Declaration, wherein they do dis- 
 claim their owning any other government but that of a King, 
 Lords, and Commons. Thanks were given by the House to 
 Sir John Greenville, 2 one of the bedchamber to the King, who 
 brought the letter, and they continued bare all the time it 
 was reading. Upon notice from the Lords to the Commons, 
 of their desire that the Commons would join with them in 
 their vote for King, Lords, and Commons ; the Commons 
 did concur, and voted that all books whatever that are out 
 against the Government of King, Lords, and Commons, 
 
 * Of Pickering Lyth, in Yorkshire, M.P. for Scarborough; discharged from 
 sitting in the House of Commons, July 21, following. 
 
 * Created Earl of Bath 1661, son of Sir Bovil Grenville, killed at the battle of 
 Jjansdowne, and said to have been the only person entrusted by Charles IL and 
 Monk in bringing about the Restoration. 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 51 
 
 should be brought into the House and burned. Great joy 
 all yesterday at London, and at night more bonfires than 
 ever, and ringing of bells and drinking of the King's health 
 upon their knees in the streets, which methinks is a little too 
 much. But every body seems to be very joyful in the busi- 
 ness, insomuch that our sea-commanders now begin to say so 
 too, which a week ago they would not do. 1 And our seamen, 
 as many as had money or credit for drink, did do nothing 
 else this evening. This day come Mr. North 2 (Sir Dudley 
 North's son) on board, to spend a little time here, which my 
 Lord was a little troubled at, but he seems to be a fine gen- 
 tleman, and at night did play his part exceeding well at first 
 sight. 
 
 3d. This morning my Lord showed me the King's declara- 
 tion and his letter to the two Generals to be communicated 
 to the fleet. The contents of the latter are his offer of grace 
 to all that will come in within forty days, only excepting 
 them that the Parliament shall hereafter except. That the 
 sales of lands during these troubles, and all other things, 
 shall be left to the Parliament, by which he will stand. The 
 letter dated at Breda, April T \, 1660, in the twelfth year 
 of his reign. Upon the receipt of it this morning by an 
 express, Mr. Phillips, one of the messengers of the Council 
 from General Monk, my Lord summoned a council of war, 
 and in the mean time did dictate to me how he would have 
 the vote ordered which he would have pass this council. 
 Which done, the Commanders all came on board, and the 
 council sat in the coach ' (the first council of war that had 
 been in my time), where I read the letter and declaration ; 
 and while they were discoursing upon it, I seemed to draw 
 up a vote, which, being offered, they passed. Not one man 
 seemed to say No to it, though I am confident many in their 
 
 1 The picture of King Charles II. was often set Tip in houses, without the least 
 molestation, whereas, a while ago, it was almost a hanging matter so to do; but 
 now the Rump Parliament was so hated and jeered at, that the butchers' boys 
 would say, " Will you buy any Parliament rumps and kidneys ?" And it was a 
 very ordinary thing to see little children make a fire in the streets, and burn 
 ramps. — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
 * Charles, eldest son of Dudley, afterwards fourth Lord North. 
 
 * Coach, on board a man-of-war, " The Council Chamber." 
 
52 DIARY OF [3dMaj 
 
 hearts were against it. After this was done, I went up to 
 the quarter-deck with my Lord and the Commanders, and 
 there read both the papers and the vote ; which done, and 
 demanding their opinion, the seamen did all of them cry- 
 out, "God bless King Charles!" with the greatest joy 
 imaginable. That being done, Sir R. Stayner, who had 
 invited us yesterday, took all the Commanders and myself on 
 board him to dinner, which not being ready, I went with 
 Captain Hayward to the Plimouth and Essex, 1 and did what 
 I had to do, and returned, where very merry at dinner. 
 After dinner, to the rest of the ships quite through the fleet, 
 which was a very brave sight to visit all the ships, and to be 
 received with the respect and honour that I was on board 
 them all ; and much more to see the great joy that I brought 
 to all men ; not one through the whole fleet showing me the 
 least dislike of the business. In the evening, as I was going 
 on board the Vice-Admiral, the General began to fire his 
 guns, which he did all that he had in the ship, and so did 
 all the rest of the Commanders, which was very gallant, and 
 to hear the bullets go hissing over our heads as we were in 
 the boat. This done, and finished my Proclamation, I 
 returned to the Nazeby, where my Lord was much pleased 
 to hear how all the fleet took it in a transport of joy, showed 
 me a private letter of the King's to him, and another from 
 the Duke of York, in such familiar style as their common 
 friend, with all kindness imaginable. And I found by the 
 letters, and so my Lord told me too, that there had been 
 many letters passed between them for a great while, and I 
 perceive unknown to Monk. And among the rest that had 
 carried these letters Sir John Boys 2 is one, and Mr. Norwood, 
 which had a ship to carry him over the other day, when my 
 Lord would not have me put down his name in the book. 
 The King speaks of his being courted to come to the Hague, 
 but do desire my Lord's advice where to come to take ship ; 
 and the Duke offers to learn the seaman's trade of him, in 
 
 1 John Hayward was captain of the Plymouth. Thomas Binns commanded 
 the Essex. 
 
 * See April 21st, ante. 
 
166 °J SAMUEL PEPYS. 53 
 
 such familiar words as if Jack Cole and I had writ them. 
 This was very strange to me, that my Lord should carry all 
 things so wisely and prudently as he do, and 1 was over- 
 joyful to see him in so good condition, and he did not a little 
 please himself to tell me how he had provided for himself so 
 great a hold on the King. After this to supper, and then to 
 writing of letters till twelve at night, and so up again at 
 three in the morning. My lord seemed to put great con- 
 fidence in me, and would take my advice in many things. I 
 perceive his being willing to do all the honour in the world 
 to Monk, and to let him have all the honour of doing the 
 business, though he will many times express his thoughts of 
 him to be but a thick-sculled fool. So that I do believe 
 there is some agreement more than ordinary between the 
 King and my Lord to let Monk carry on the business, for it 
 is he that can do the business, or at least that can hinder it, 
 if he be not flattered and observed. This my Lord will hint 
 himself sometimes. My Lord, I perceive by the King's 
 letter, had writ to him about his father, Crewe, 1 and the 
 King did speak well of him ; but my Lord tells me, that he 
 is afraid that he hath too much concerned himself with the 
 Presbyterians against the House of Lords, which will do him 
 a great discourtesy. 
 
 4th. I wrote this morning many letters, and to all the 
 copies of the vote of the council of war I put my name, that 
 if it should come in print my name may be to it. I sent a 
 copy of the vote to Doling, inclosed in this letter : — 
 
 "Sir, 
 
 " He that can fancy a fleet (like ours) in her pride, with 
 pendants loose, guns roaring, caps flying, and the loud " Vive 
 le Roys !" echoed from one ship's company to another, he, 
 and he only, can apprehend the joy this inclosed vote was 
 received with, or the blessing he thought himself possessed of 
 that bore it, and is 
 
 " Your humble servant." 
 
 * When only seventeen years old, he had married Jemima, daughter of John 
 Crewe, created afterwards Baron Crewe of Stene. 
 8* 
 
54 DIARY OF [It'll May, 
 
 About nine o'clock I got all my letters done, and sent 
 them by the messenger that come yesterday. This morning 
 come Captain Isham on board with a gentleman going to 
 the King, by whom very cunningly, my Lord tells me, he 
 intends to send an account of this day's and yesterday's 
 actions here, notwithstanding he had writ to the Parliament 
 to have leave of them to send the King the answer of the 
 fleet. Since my writing of the last paragraph, my Lord 
 called me to him to read his letter to the King, to see 
 whether I could find any slips in it or no. And as much of 
 the letter 1 as I can remember is thus : — 
 
 " May it please your Most Excellent Majesty," and so 
 begins. 
 
 That he yesterday received from General Monk his 
 Majesty's letter and direction ; and that General Monk had 
 desired him to write to the Parliament to have leave to send 
 the vote of the seamen before he did send it to him, which 
 he had done by writing to both Speakers ; but for his private 
 satisfaction he had sent it thus privately, (and so the copy of 
 the proceedings yesterday was sent him) and that this come 
 by a gentleman that come this day on board, intending to 
 wait upon his Majesty, that he is my Lord's countryman, 
 and one whose friends have suffered much on his Majesty's 
 behalf. That my Lords Pembroke 2 and Salisbury 3 are put 
 out of the House of Lords. That my Lord is very joyful 
 that other countries do pay him the civility and respect due 
 to him ; and that he do much rejoice to see that the King do 
 receive none of their assistance (or some such words) from 
 them, he having strength enough in the love and loyalty of 
 his own subjects to support him. That his Majesty had 
 chosen the best place, Scheveling, for his embarking, and 
 that there is nothing in the world of which he is more 
 ambitious than to have the honour of attending his Majesty, 
 
 1 See the letter printed in Lister's Life of Lord Clarendon, vol. iii. p. 404. It 
 is dated 4th May. 
 
 3 Philip, fifth Earl of Pembroke, and second Earl of Montgomery, ob. 1669. 
 Clarendon says, "This young Earl's affections were entire for his Majesty." 
 
 3 William Cecil, second Earl of Salisbury, ob. 1668. After Cromwell had put 
 down the House of Peers, he was chosen a Member of the House of Commons, 
 and sat with them 
 
1660.] ' SAMUEL PEPYS. 55 
 
 which he hoped would be speedy. That he had commanded 
 the vessel to attend at Helvetsluce till this gentleman returns, 
 that so if his Majesty do not think it fit to command the fleet 
 himself, yet that he may be there to receive his commands 
 and bring them to his Lordship. He ends his letter, that he 
 is confounded with the thoughts of the high expressions of 
 love to him in the King's letter, and concludes, 
 
 " Your most loyall, dutifull, faithfull, and obedient subject 
 and servant, "E. M." 
 
 After supper at the table in the coach, my Lord talking 
 concerning the uncertainty of the places of the Exchequer 
 to them that had them now ; he did at last think of an office 
 which do belong to him in case the King do restore every 
 man to his places that ever had been patent, which is to be 
 one of the clerks of the signet, which will be a fine employ- 
 ment for one of his sons. 
 
 In the afternoon come a minister on board, one Mr. Sharpe, 
 who is going to the King ; who tells me that Commissioners 
 are chosen both of the Lords and Commons to go to the King ; 
 and that Dr. Clarges 1 is going to him from the Army, and 
 that he will be here to-morrow. My letters at night tell me, 
 that the House did deliver their letter to Sir John Greenville, 
 in answer to the King's sending, and that they give him 500Z. 
 for his pains, to buy him a jewel, and that besides the 50,000?. 
 ordered to be borrowed of the City for the present use of the 
 King, the twelve companies of the City do give every one of 
 them to his Majesty, as a present, 1000Z. 
 
 5th. All the morning very busy writing letters to London, 
 and a packet to Mr. Downing, to acquaint him with what had 
 been done lately in the fleet. And this I did by my Lord's 
 command, who, I thank him, did of himself think of doing it, 
 to do me a kindness, for he writ a letter himself to him, 
 thanking him for his kindness to me. This evening come 
 Dr. Clarges to Deal, going to the King ; where the towns- 
 people strewed the streets with herbs against his coming, for 
 joy at his going. Never was there so general a content as 
 
 ' Thomas Clarges, physician to the Army, created a Baronet 1674, ob. 1695. He 
 had been previously knighted; his sister Anne married General Monk. 
 
56 DIARY OF [7th May 
 
 there is now. I cannot but remember that our parson did, 
 in his prayer to-night, pray for the long life and happiness 
 of our King and dread Soveraigne, that may last as long as 
 the sun and moon endureth. 
 
 6th. (Lord's day.) Dr. Clarges and a dozen gentlemen to 
 see my Lord, and after sermon dined with him : last night, 
 my Lord told me that he was a man of small entendimiento. 
 It fell very well to-day, a stranger preached here for Mr. 
 Ibbott, one Mr. Stanley, who prayed for King Charles, by 
 the Grace of God, &c, which gave great contentment to the 
 gentlemen that were on board here, and they said they would 
 talk of it, when they come to Breda, as not having it done 
 yet in London so publickly. After they were gone from on 
 board, my Lord writ a letter to the King, and give it to me 
 to carry privately to Sir William Compton, 1 on board the 
 Assistance, which I did, and after a health to his Majesty on 
 board there, I left them under sail for Breda. I find that, 
 all my debts paid and my preparations to sea, I have 40Z. 
 clear in my purse, and so to bed. 
 
 7th. My Lord went this morning about the flag-ships in a 
 boat, to see what alterations there must be, as to the arms 
 and flags. He did give me orders also to write for silk flags 
 and scarlet waistcloathes. 2 For a rich barge ; for a noise of 
 trumpets, and a set of fiddlers. Very great deal of com- 
 pany come to-day, among others Mr. Bellasses, 3 Sir Thomas 
 Leuthropp, 4 Sir Henry Chickley, Colonel Philip Honiwood, 5 
 and Captain Titus, 6 the last of whom my Lord showed all our 
 
 1 Third son of Spencer, Earl of Northampton, a Privy Councillor and Master 
 of the Ordnance, ob. 1663, aged 39. When only eighteen years of age, he had 
 «harged with his gallant father at the battle of Edgehill. His mother was first 
 jousin to George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, and to John Ashburnham; and 
 his great un.cle, Sir Thomas Compton, had been the third husband of the Duke'fl 
 mother, Mary, countess of Buckingham. 
 
 1 The sailors' clothes contained in bags, hung about the cage-work of a ship's 
 hull to protect the men in action. 
 
 3 Henry, eldest son of Lord Bellasis, made K.B. at Charles the Second's coro- 
 nation. 
 
 " Sir Thomas Leventhorpe, Bart., married Mary, daughter of Sir Capell Bedell, 
 Bart. : ob. 1671. 
 
 ' See note to 13th January, 1661-2. 
 
 " Colonel Silas Titus, gentleman of the bedchamber to Charles II., the reputed 
 author of Killing no Murder. 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 57 
 
 cabins, and I suppose he is to take notice what room there will 
 be for the King's entertainment. Wrote a letter to the French 
 ambsssador, in French, about the release of a ship we had taken. 
 
 8th. After dinner come several persons of honour, as my 
 Lord St. John and others, for convoy to Flushing, and great 
 giving of them salutes. My Lord and we at nine-pins : 
 I lost 9s. Mr. Cooke brings me news of my wife. He 
 went to Huntsmore 1 to see her, and brought her and my 
 father Bowyer to London, where he left her at my father's, 
 very well, and speaks very well of her love to me. My letters 
 to-day tell me how it was intended that the King should 
 be proclaimed to-day in London, with a great deal of pomp. 
 I had also news who they are that are chosen of the Lords 
 and Commons to attend the King ; and also the whole story 
 of what we did the other day in the fleet, at reading of 
 the King's declaration, and my name at the bottom of it. 
 
 9th. Up very early, writing a letter to the King, as from 
 the two Generals of the fleet, in answer to his letter to them, 
 wherein my Lord do give most humble thanks for his gracious 
 letter and declaration ; and promises all duty and obedience 
 to him. This letter was carried this morning to Sir Peter 
 Killigrew, 2 who come hither this morning early to bring an 
 order from the Lords' House to my Lord, giving him power 
 to write an answer to the King. This morning my Lord 
 St. John and other persons of honour were here to see my 
 Lord, and so away to Flushing. As we were sitting down 
 to dinner, in comes Noble with a letter from the House of 
 Lords to my Lord, to desire him to provide ships to transport 
 the Commissioners to the King, which are expected here this 
 week. He brought us certain news that the King was pro- 
 claimed yesterday with great pomp, and brought down one 
 of the Proclamations, with great joy to us all ; for which God 
 be praised. This morning come Mr. Saunderson, 3 that writ 
 
 * A hamlet belonging to Tver, in which parish Robert Bowyer founded a free 
 school, about 1750. — Lysons's History of Buckinghamshire, p. 587. 
 
 1 Of Arwenack, Cornwall, M.P. for Camelford, 1660. 
 
 * Afterwards Sir William Sanderson, gentleman of the chamber, author of 
 the History of Mary Queen of Scots, James I., and Charles I. His wife, Dame 
 Bridget, was mother of the maids. 
 
58 DIARY OF [11th May, 
 
 the story of the King, hither, who is going over to the King, 
 He calls me cozen, and seems a very knowing man. 
 
 10th. Come on board Mr. Pinkney and his son, going 
 to the King with a petition finely writ by Mr. Where, for 
 to be the King's embroiderer ; for whom and Mr. Saun- 
 derson I got a ship. Lord Winchilsea 1 and a great deal of 
 company dined here. Mr. Edward Montagu, my Lord's son, 2 
 come on board, with Mr. Pickering. The child was sick. 
 At night, while my Lord was at supper, in comes my Lord 
 Lauderdale 3 and Sir John Greenville, who supped here, and 
 so went away. After they were gone, my Lord called me 
 into his cabin, and told me how he was commanded to set 
 sail presently for the King, 4 and was very glad thereof. I 
 got him afterwards to sign things in bed. 
 
 11th. This morning we began to pull down all the 
 States' arms in the fleet, having first sent to Dover for 
 painters and others to come to set up the King's. There 
 dined here my Lord Crafford 5 and my Lord Cavendish, 6 and 
 other Scotchmen, whom I afterwards ordered to be received 
 on board the Plymouth, and to go along with us. After 
 dinner, we set sail from the Downs. In the afternoon over- 
 took us three or four gentlemen ; two of the Berties, 7 and one 
 
 1 Heneage Pinch, second Earl of Winchilsea, constituted by General Monk 
 Governor of Dover Castle, July, 1660 ; made Lord Lieutenant of Kent, and 
 afterwards ambassador to Turkey. Ob. 1689. 
 
 * The eldest, and afterwards second Earl of Sandwich. 
 
 ' John Maitland, second earl, and afterwards created Marquis of March, Duke 
 of Lauderdale, and Earl of Guildford (in England), and K.G. He became sole 
 Secretary of State for Scotland in 1661, and was a Gentleman of His Majesty's 
 Bodchamber, and died in 1682, s. p. 
 
 * Ordered that General Montagu do observe the command of His Majesty for 
 the disposing of the fleet, in order to His Majesty's returning home to England 
 to his kingly government: and that all proceedings in law be in His Majesty's 
 name. — Rugge's Diurnal, 
 
 5 John Crawfurd, fourteenth Earl of Crawfurd, restored in 1661 to the office 
 of High Treasurer of Scotland, which he had held eight years under Charles the 
 First. 
 
 6 William Lord Cavendish, afterwards fourth Earl and first Duke of Devon- 
 shire. 
 
 ' Robert and Edward Bertie, two of the surviving sons of Robert, first Earl 
 <sf Lindsay, killed at Edgehill. Their mother was Elizabeth, only child of 
 Edward, first Lord Montagu of Boughton : they were, therefore, nearly connected 
 with Sir E. Montagu, and with Pepys, in some degree. 
 
I860.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 59 
 
 Mr. Dormer Hay, 1 a Scotch gentleman, whom I found after- 
 wards to he a very fine man ; who, telling my Lord that they 
 heard the Commissioners were come out of London to-day, 
 my Lord dropt anchor over against Dover Castle (which give 
 us ahout thirty guns in passing) and upon a high debate with 
 the Vice and Rear-Admiral whether it were safe to go, and 
 not stay for the Commissioners, he did resolve to send Sir R. 
 Stayner to Dover, to enquire of my Lord Winchilsea whether 
 or no they are come out of London, and then to resolve to- 
 morrow morning of going or not ; which was done. It blew 
 very hard all night : come the boats from Deal, with great 
 store of provision. 
 
 12th. My Lord give me many orders to make, for direction 
 for the ships that are left in the Downs, giving them the 
 greatest charge in the world to bring no passengers with them, 
 when they come after us to Scheveling Bay, excepting Mr. 
 Edward Montagu, Mr. Thomas Crewe, and Sir H. Wright. 
 Sir R. Stayner told my Lord, that my Lord Winchilsea un- 
 derstands by letters, that the Commissioners are only to come 
 to Dover to attend the coming over of the King. So my 
 Lord did give order for weighing anchor, which we did, and 
 sailed all day. In the afternoon at cards with Mr. North and 
 the Doctor. 2 By us, in the Lark frigate, Sir R. Freeman 
 and some others, going from the King to England, come to 
 see my Lord, and so onward on their voyage. 
 
 13th. (Lord's day.) To the quarter-deck, at which the 
 tailors and painters were at work, cutting out some pieces of 
 
 1 This may be rather Thomas Dalmahoy, who had married the Duchess Dowager 
 of Hamilton: see (infra) Speaker Onslow's note to Burnet. The husband of the 
 loyal Duchess would be naturally one of the first to welcome the King; and 
 Onslow says he was in the interest of the Duke of York: — "Lord Middleton 
 retired, after his disgrace, to the Friary, near Guildford, to one Dalmahoy there, a 
 genteel, generous man, who was of Scotland : had been Gentleman of the Horse 
 to William Duke of Hamilton (killed at the battle of Worcester) ; married that 
 Duke's widow ; and'by her had this house, &c. This man, Dalmahoy, being much 
 in the interest of the Duke of York, and a man to bo relied upon, and long a can- 
 didate for the town of- Guildford, at the election of the Parliament after the Long 
 one in 1678, and being opposed, I think, by the famous Algernon Sidney, the 
 Duke of York came from Windsor to Dalmahoy's house, to countenance his elec- 
 tion and appeared for him in the open court, when the election was taken." — 
 Note to Burnet's 0. T., vol. i., p. 350. 
 
 ' Clerke. 
 
(JO DIARY OF [14th May 
 
 yellow cloth in the fashion of a crown and C. R., and put it 
 upon a fine sheet, and that into the flag instead of the States' 
 arms, which after dinner was finished and set up. This morn 
 Sir J. Boys and Captain Isham met us in the Nonsuch, the 
 first of whom, after a word or two with my Lord, went for- 
 ward, the other staid. I heard by them how Mr. Downing 
 had never made any address to the King, and for that was 
 hated exceedingly by the Court, and that he was in a Dutch 
 ship which sailed by us, then going to England with disgrace. 
 Also how Mr. Morland ' was knighted by the King, this week, 
 and that the King did give the reason of it openly, that it 
 was for his giving him intelligence all the time he was clerk 
 to Secretary Thurloe. In the afternoon a council of war, 
 only to acquaint them that the Harp must be taken out of 
 all their flags, it being very offensive to the King. 2 Mr. 
 Cook brought me a letter from my wife, and a later letter 
 from my brother John, with both of which I was exceedingly 
 pleased. No sermon all day, we being under sail, only at 
 night prayers, wherein Mr. Ibbott prayed for all such as were 
 related to us in a spiritual and fleshly way. Late at night we 
 writ letters to the King of the news of our coming, and Mr. 
 Edward Pickering carried them. Captain Isham went on 
 shore, nobody showing of him any respect ; so the old man 
 very fairly took leave of my Lord, and my Lord very coldly 
 bid him " God be with you," which was very strange, but that 
 I hear that he keeps a great deal of prating and talking on 
 shore, on board, at the King's Courts, what command he had 
 with my Lord, &c. 
 
 14th. In the morning the Hague was clearly to be seen 
 
 1 Samuel Morland, successively scholar and fellow of Magdalene College, and 
 Pepys's tutor there, hecame afterwards one of Thurloe's Under Secretaries, and 
 was employed in several embassies, particularly to the Vaudois, by Cromwell, 
 whose interests he betrayed, by secretly communicating with Charles the Second. 
 In consideration of these services, he was created a Baronet of Sulhamstead 
 Banister, Berks, after the Restoration. He was an ingenious mechanic, supposed 
 by some persons (but without the claim being satisfactorily established) to have 
 invented the Steam Engine, and was buried at Hammersmith, 6th January, 
 1695-6. His MSS. are at Cambridge, in the Public Library; and his brief but 
 interesting Autobiography has been printed by Mr. Halliwell. 
 
 ' No doubt, because Charles II. objected to the arms used during the Pro- 
 tectorate. 
 
MW.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 61 
 
 by us. My Lord went up in his night-gown into the cuddy, 
 to see how to dispose thereof for himself and us that belong 
 to him, to give order for our removal to-day. Some nasty 
 Dutchmen came on board to proffer their boats to carry 
 things from us on shore, &c, to get money by us. Before 
 noon some gentlemen came on board from the shore to kiss 
 my Lord's hands. And by and by Mr. North and Dr. 
 Clerke went to kiss the Queen of Bohemia's hands, from my 
 Lord, with twelve attendants from on board to wait on them, 
 among which I sent my boy, 1 who, like myself, is with child 
 to see any strange thing. After noon they came back again, 
 after having kissed the Queen of Bohemia's 2 hand, and were 
 sent again by my Lord to do the same to the Prince of 
 Orange. 3 So I got the Captain to ask leave for me to go, 
 which my Lord did give, and I, taking my boy and Judge 
 Advocate with me, went in company with them. The weather 
 bad ; we were sadly washed when we come near the shore, 
 it being very hard to land there. The shore is so, all the 
 country between that and the Hague, all sand. The rest of 
 the company got a coach by themselves ; Mr. Creed and I 
 went in the fore part of a coach, wherein were two very 
 pretty ladies, very fashionable, and with black patches, who 
 very merrily sang all the way, and that very well, and were 
 very free to kiss two blades that were with them. The Hague 
 is a most neat place in all respects. The houses so neat in 
 all places and things as is possible. Here we walked up and 
 down a great while, the town being now very full of English- 
 men, for that the Londoners were come on shore to-day. 
 But going to see the Prince, 4 he was gone forth with his 
 governor, and so we walked up and down the town and 
 court to see the place ; and by the help of a stranger, an 
 Englishman, we saw a great many places, and were made to 
 understand many things, as the intention of may -poles, which 
 we saw there standing at every great man's door, of different 
 
 1 Young Edward Montagu, afterwards styled " the child." 
 * Elizabeth, daughter of James I., and widow of Erederio Elector Palatine, and 
 titular King of Bohemia. 
 a Afterwards William III. ; then very yotmg. 
 4 Of Orange. 
 
 Vol. I. — 9 a 
 
62 DIARY OP [15th May, 
 
 greatness according to the quality of the person. About 
 ten at night the Prince comes home, and we found an easy 
 admission. His attendance very inconsiderable as for a 
 Prince ; but yet handsome, and his tutor a fine man, and 
 himself a very pretty boy. This done, we went to a place 
 we had taken to sup in, where a sallet and two or three bones 
 of mutton were provided for a matter of ten of us, which was 
 very strange. The Judge and I lay in one press bed, there 
 being two more in the same room; my boy sleeping on a 
 bench by me. 
 
 15th. We lay till past three o'clock, then up and down 
 the town, to see it by daylight ; where we saw the soldiers 
 of the Prince's guard, all very fine, and the burghers of the 
 town with their muskets as bright as silver. A schoolmaster, 
 that spoke good English and French, showed us the whole 
 town, and indeed I cannot speak enough of the gallantry of 
 the town. Every body of fashion speaks French or Latin, 
 or both. The women many of them very pretty and in good 
 habits, fashionable, and black spots. We bought a couple of 
 baskets for Mrs. Pierce and my wife. The Judge and I to 
 the Grande Salle, where the States sit in council. The hall 
 is a great place, where the flags that they take from their 
 enemies are all hung up ; and things to be sold, as in West- 
 minster Hall, and not much unlike it, but that not so big. 
 To a bookseller's, and bought for the love of the binding three 
 books : the French Psalms, in four parts, Bacon's Organon, 
 and Farnab. Rhetor. By coach to Scheveling again, the 
 wind being very high. We saw two boats overset, and the' 
 gallants forced to be pulled on shore by the heels, while their 
 trunks, portmanteaus, hats, and feathers, were swimming in 
 the sea. Among others, the ministers that come with the 
 Commissions (Mr. Case 1 among the rest) sadly dripped. 
 Being in haste, I lost my Copenhagen knife. A gentleman 
 going to kiss my Lord's hand, from the Queen of Bohemia, 
 and I hired a Dutch boat for four rix-dollars to carry us ; n 
 
 1 Thomas Case, a member of the assembly of divines, one of the ministers sent 
 to congratulate the King. 
 
lfi 60.] ' SAMUEL PEPTS. 63 
 
 board. We were fain to wait a great while before we could 
 get off from the shore, the sea being very foul. The Dutch- 
 man would fain have made all pay that come into bur boat 
 besides our company, there being many of our ship's company 
 got in, but some of them had no money, having spent all on 
 shore. Coming on board, we found all the Commissioners 
 of the House of Lords at dinner with my Lord, who after 
 dinner went away for shore. Mr. Morland, now Sir Samuel, 
 was here on board, but I do not find that my Lord or any 
 body did give him any respect, he being looked upon by him 
 and all men as a knave. Among others, he betrayed Sir 
 Richard Willis that married Dr. F. Jones's daughter, who had 
 paid him 1000Z. at one time by the Protector's and Secretary 
 Thurloe's order, for intelligence that he sent concerning the 
 King. 1 In the afternoon my Lord called me on purpose to 
 show me his fine cloathes which are now come hither, and 
 indeed are very rich as gold and silver can make them, only 
 his sword he and I do not like. In the afternoon my Lord 
 and I walked together in the coach two hours, talking together 
 upon all sorts of discourse : as religion, wherein he is, I 
 perceive, wholly sceptical, saying, that indeed the Protestants 
 as to the Church of Rome are wholly fanatiques : he likes 
 uniformity and form of prayer : about State-business, among 
 other things he told me that his conversion to the King's 
 cause (for I was saying that I wondered from what time the 
 King could look upon him to become his friend) commenced 
 from his being in the Sound, when he found what usage he 
 was likely to have from a Commonwealth. My Lord, the 
 Captain, and I, supped in my Lord's chamber, where I did 
 perceive that he did begin to show me much more respect 
 than ever he did yet. After supper, my Lord sent for me, 
 intending to have me play at cards with him, but I not 
 knowing cribbage, we fell into discourse of many things, and 
 the ship rolled so much that I was not able to stand, and so 
 he bid me go to bed. 
 
 16th. Come in some with visits, among the rest one from 
 
 ■ Compare 14th August, 1660. 
 
64 DIARY OF [16th May, 
 
 Admiral Opdam, 1 who spoke Latin well, but not French nor 
 English, whom my Lord made me to entertain : he brought 
 my Lord a tierce of wine and a barrel of butter, as a present. 
 Commissioner Pett 2 was now come to take care to get all 
 things ready for the King on board. My Lord in his best 
 suit, this the first day, in expectation to wait upon the King. 
 But Mr. Edward Pickering coming from the King, brought 
 word that the King would not put my Lord to the trouble of 
 coming to him ; but that he would come to the shore to look 
 upon the fleet to-day, which we expected, and had our guns 
 ready to fire, and our scarlet waist-cloathes out and silk 
 pendants, but he did not come. This evening came Mr. John 
 
 1 The admiral celebrated in Lord Dorset's ballad, " To all you ladies now at 
 land." 
 
 Should foggy Opdam chance to know 
 
 Our sad and dismal story ; 
 The Dutch would scorn so weak a foe, 
 
 And quit their fort at Goree : 
 For what resistance can they find 
 
 From men who've left their hearts behind ? 
 
 * Peter Pett, then one of the Commissioners of the Navy, and afterwards 
 knighted by the Duke of Ormond, when Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. His 
 ancestors had been eminent ship-builders at Deptford for several generations, 
 and had served their respective sovereigns with credit and success. At this 
 time, there were three others of the same name and family in the civil service of 
 the navy. 
 
 SALARIES. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Phineas Pett, Clerk of the Cheque at Chatham 120 
 
 Phineas Pett, Jun., Assistant to the Master 
 
 Shipwright at Chatham 70 
 
 Christopher Pett, Master Shipwright at Wool- 
 wich 103 8 4 
 
 So Fuller might well observe that the mystery of shipwrights for some descents 
 hath been preserved successively in families, "of which the Pettes of Chatham are 
 of singular rega.rd." — Worthies of England. There is an interesting autobiogra- 
 phical memoir of Phineas Pett, master shipwright to James L, in the Archseologia, 
 vol. xii. 
 
 "Beyond the Victualling Office, on the same side of the High street, at 
 Rochester, is an old mansion, now occupied by a Mr. Morson, an attorney, which 
 formerly belonged to the Petts, the celebrated ship-builders. The chimney-piece 
 in the principal room is of wood, curiously carved, the upper part being divided 
 into compartments by caryatydes. The central compartment contains the family 
 arms, viz., Or, on a fesse gu., between three pellets, a lion passant gardant of the 
 field. On the back of the grate is a cast of Neptune, standing erect in his car, 
 with Tritons blowing conches, Ac, and the date 1650." — Hut. of Bocheeter, p 
 337, ed. 1817. 
 
1660 SAMUEL PEPYS. 65 
 
 Pickering 1 on board, like an ass, with his feathers and new 
 suit that he had made at the Hague. My Lord very angry 
 for his staying on shore, bidding me a little before to send for 
 him, telling me that he was afraid that, for his father's sake, 
 he might L;ive some mischief done him, unless he used the 
 General's name. This afternoon Mr. Edward Pickering told 
 me in what a sad, poor condition for clothes and money the 
 King was, and all his attendants, when he came to him first 
 from my Lord, their clothes not being worth forty shillings the 
 best of them. 2 And how overjoyed the King was when Sir J. 
 Greenville brought him some money ; so joyful, that he called 
 the Princess Koyal 3 and Duke of York to look upon it, as it lay 
 in the portmanteau, before it was taken out.* My Lord told me, 
 too, that the Duke of York is made High Admiral of England. 
 17th. Dr. Clerke came to tell me that he heard this morn- 
 ing, by some Dutch that are come on board already to see 
 the ships, that there was a Portuguese taken yesterday at the 
 Hague, that had a design to kill the King. But this I heard 
 afterwards was only the mistake upon one being observed to 
 walk with his sword naked, he having lost his scabbard. Before 
 dinner, Mr. Edward Pickering and I, W. Howe, Pirn, and my 
 boy, 5 to Scheveling, where we took coach, and so to the 
 Hague, where walking, intending to find one that might show 
 us the King incognito, I met with Captain Whittington, 
 
 1 Eldest son of Sir Gilbert Pickering, whom he succeeded in his titles and 
 estates in 1668. His father had been an active Commonwealth man, and was 
 one of the knights of the shire for the county of Northampton, in 1656; he was 
 also of Cromwell's council, chamberlain of the court, and high steward of West- 
 minster. Sir Gilbert Pickering's petition being read, he was ordered to be 
 excepted as to the penalties to be inflicted not reaching to life, by an act provided 
 for that purpose. — Commons 7 Journals ; see 19th June, 1660. 
 
 3 Andrew Marvell, speaking of the poor condition, for clothes and money, in 
 which the King was at this time, observes — 
 
 " At length, by wonderful impulse of fate, 
 The people call him tack to help the State, 
 And what is more, they send him money, to, 
 And clothe him all from head to foot anew." 
 
 ' Mary, eldest daughter of Charles L, and widow of the Prince of Orange, who 
 died 1646-7. She was carried off by the small-pox, December, 1660, leaving ■ 
 ion, afterwards King William III. 
 
 4 A picture, in which this scene is well treated, by Mr. W. Carpenter, was lately 
 exhibited at the Royal Academy. 
 
 6 Edward Montagu. 
 
 9* 
 
gg DIARY OF [18th May, 
 
 (that had formerly brought a letter to my Lord from the 
 Mayor of London) and he did promise me to do it, but first 
 we went and dined at a French house, but paid 10s. for our 
 part of the club. At dinner in came Dr. Cade, a merry mad 
 parson of the King's. And they two got the child and me 
 (the others not being able to crowd in) to see the King, who 
 kissed the child very affectionately. Then we kissed his, and 
 the Duke of York's, and the Princess Royal's hands. The 
 King seemed to be a very sober man ; and a very splendid 
 Court he hath in the number of persons of quality that are 
 about him, English, very rich in habit. From the King to 
 the Lord Chancellor, who did lie bed-rid of the gout: he 
 spoke very merrily to the child and me. After that, going 
 to see the Queen of Bohemia, I met Dr. Fuller, whom I sent 
 to a tavern with Mr. Edward Pickering, while I and the rest 
 went to see the Queen, who used us very respectfully: her 
 hand we all kissed. She seems a very debonair, but a plain 
 la.dy. In a coach of a friend's of Dr. Cade, we went to see a 
 house of the Princess Dowager's, in a park about a mile from 
 the Hague, where there is one of the most beautiful rooms for 
 pictures in the whole world. She had here one picture upon 
 the top, with these words, dedicating it to the memory of her 
 husband: — " Incomparabili marito, inconsolabilis vidua." 1 
 
 18th. Very early up, and, hearing that the Duke of York, 
 our Lord High Admiral, would go on board to-day, Mr. 
 Pickering and I took waggon for Scheveling, leaving the 
 child in Mr. Pierce's hands, with directions to keep within 
 doors all day. But the wind being so very high that no boats 
 could get off from shore, we returned to the Hague (having 
 breakfasted with a gentleman of the Duke's and Commissioner 
 Pett, sent on purpose to give notice to my Lord of his com- 
 ing) ; where I hear that the child is gone to Delfe to see the 
 town : so we took a scout, 2 very much pleased with the man- 
 ner and conversation of the passengers, where most speak 
 French ; went after them, and met them by the way. We 
 got a smith's boy of the town to go along with us, and he 
 
 * And yet, like the Ephesian matron, she was said to be married clandestinely. 
 1 A kind of swift sailing-boat 
 
M*»J SAMUEL PEPYS. 67 
 
 showed us the church where Van Trump lies entombed with 
 a very fine monument. His epitaph is concluded thus : — 
 "Tandem Bello Anglico tantum non victor, certe invictus, 
 vivere et vincere desiit." There is a sea-fight cut in marble, 
 with the smoke, the best expressed that ever I saw in my life. 
 From thence to the great church, that stands in a fine great 
 market-place, over against the Stadt-House, and there I saw a 
 stately tomb of an old Prince of Orange, of marble and 
 brass ; wherein, among other rarities, there are the angels 
 with their trumpets expressed as it were crying. Here were 
 very fine organs in both the churches. It is a most sweet 
 town, with bridges, and a river in every street. In every 
 house of entertainment there hangs in every room a poor 
 man's box, it being their custom to confirm all bargains by 
 putting something into the box, and that binds as fast as 
 anything. We also saw the Guest-house, where it was plea- 
 sant to see what neat preparation there is for the poor. We 
 saw one poor man a dying there. We light by chance of an 
 English house to drink in, where discourse of the town and 
 the thing that hangs up in the Stadt-house like a bushel, 
 which is a sort of punishment for offenders to carry through 
 the streets over his head, which is a great weight. Back by 
 water, where a pretty, sober, Dutch lass sat reading all the 
 way, and I could not fasten any discourse upon her. We met 
 with Commissioner Pett going down to the water-side with 
 Major Harly, 1 who is going upon a dispatch into England. 
 
 19th. Up early and went to Scheveling, where I found no 
 getting on board, though the Duke of York sent every day to 
 see whether he could do it or no. By waggon to Lausdune, 
 where the 365 children were born. We saw the hill where 
 they say the house stood wherein the children were born. 
 The basins wherein the male and female children were bap- 
 tized do stand over a large table that hangs upon a wall, with 
 the whole story of the thing in Dutch and Latin, beginning, 
 
 1 Afterwards Colonel Edward Harley, M.P. for Hereford, and Governor of 
 Dunkirk,- ancestor of the Earls of Oxford of that race, recently become extinct 
 in the male line. He was afterwards made a Knight »f the Bath at the Corona- 
 tion of Charles II. 
 
gg DIARY OP [21stMaj 
 
 "Margarita Herman Comitissa," &c. This thing was done 
 about 200 years ago. 1 
 
 20th. (Lord's day.) Commissioner Pett at last came to our 
 lodging, and caused the boats to go off; so some in one boat 
 and some in another, we all bid adieu tc the shore. But 
 through the badness of weather we were in great danger, and 
 a great while before we could get to the ship. This hath not 
 been known four days together such weather this time of 
 year, a great while. Indeed, our fleet was thought to be in 
 great danger, but we found all well. 
 
 21st. The weather foul all this day also. After dinner, 
 about writing one thing or other all day, and setting my 
 papers in order, hearing, by letters that came hither in my 
 absence, that the Parliament had ordered all persons to be 
 secured, in order to a trial, that did sit as judges in the late 
 King's death, and all the officers attending the Court. Sir 
 John Lenthall 2 moving in the House that all that had borne 
 arms against the King should be exempted from pardon, he 
 was called to the bar of the House, and after a severe reproof, 
 he was degraded his knighthood. At Court I find that all 
 things grow high. The old clergy talk as being sure of their 
 lands again, and laugh at the Presbytery ; and it is believed 
 that the sales of the King's and Bishops' lands will never be 
 confirmed by Parliament, there being nothing now in any 
 man's power to hinder them and the King from doing what 
 they had a mind, but every body willing to submit to any 
 thing. We expect every day to have tbe King and Duke on 
 board as soon as it is fair. My Lord does nothing now, but 
 
 1 This story has been frequently printed. 
 
 ' Sir John Lenthall, who survived till 1681, was the only son of Speaker 
 Lenthall, and Cromwell's Governor of Windsor Castle. He had been knighted 
 by the Protector in 1657; but is styled "Mr. Lenthall" in the Commons' Jour- 
 nals of the House, 12th May, 1660, where the proceedings alluded to by Pepys 
 are fully detailed. Mrs. Hutchinson also gives an account of them, in her 
 Memoirs of Colonel Hutchinson, p. 367, 4to edit. On the 22nd of May follow- 
 ing, Lenthall lost his seat for Abingdon, tbe double return of that borough 
 having been decided in favour of Sir John Stonehouse : probably the then recent 
 offence which Lenthall had given to the House of Commons had more influence 
 in the adverse issue of the petition than the actual merits of the case. Sir John 
 Lenthall, of whom Pepys speaks, Aug. 10, 1663, was the brother to the Speaker. 
 See that passage. 
 
I860-] SAMUEL PEPYS. 69 
 
 offers all things to the pleasure of the Duke as Lord High 
 Admiral : so that I am at a loss what to do. 
 
 22d. Up, and trimmed by a barber that has not trimmed 
 me yet, my Spaniard being on shore. News brought that the 
 two Dukes are coming on board, which, by and by, they did, 
 in a Dutch boat, the Duke of York in yellow trimmings, the 
 Duke of Gloucester in grey and red. My Lord went in a 
 boat to meet them ; the Captain, myself, and others, stand- 
 ing at the entering port. So soon as they were entered, we 
 shot the guns off round the fleet. After that, they went to 
 view the ship all over, and were most exceedingly pleased 
 with it. They seem to be very fine gentlemen. After that 
 lone, upon the quarter-deck table, under the awning, the 
 Duke of York and my Lord, Mr. Coventry, 1 and I, spent an 
 hour at allotting to every ship their service, in their return 
 to England ; which being done, they went to dinner, where 
 the table was very full ; the two Dukes at the upper end, my 
 Lord Opdam next on one side, and my Lord on the other. 
 Two guns given to every man while he was drinking the 
 King's health, and so likewise to the Duke's health. I took 
 down Monsieur d'Esquier to the great cabin below, and dined 
 with him in state along with only one or two friends of his. 
 All dinner, the harper belonging to Captain Sparling played 
 to the Dukes. After dinner, the Dukes and my Lord to sea, 
 the Vice and Rear- Admirals and I in a boat after them. After 
 that done, they made to the shore in the Dutch boat that 
 brought them, and I got into the boat with them ; but the 
 shore was full of people to expect their coming. When we 
 came near the shore, my Lord left them, and come into his 
 
 1 Sir William Coventry, to whom Pepys became so warmly attached afterwards, 
 was the youngest son of Thomas first Lord Coventry, the Lord Keeper. He 
 entered at Queen's College, Oxford, in 1642 ; and on his return from his travels 
 was made Secretary to the Duke of York, and elected M.P. for Yarmouth. In 
 1662, he was appointed a Commissioner of the Navy ; in 1665, knighted and sworn 
 a privy councillor; and, in 1667, constituted a Commissioner of the Treasury; but, 
 having been forbid the court, on account of bis challenging the Duke of Buckingham, 
 he retired into the country, nor could he subsequently be prevailed upon to accept 
 of any official employment. Burnet calls Sir William Coventry the best speaker 
 in the House of Commons, and a man of great notions and eminent virtues ; and 
 Pepys never omits an opportunity of paying a tribute to his public and private 
 ■worth Ob. 1686, aged 60. 
 
70 DIARY OF [23d May 
 
 own boat, and General Pen, and I with him ; my Lord being 
 very well pleased with this day's work. By the time we came 
 on board again, news is sent us that the King is on shore ; 
 so my Lord fired all his guns round twice, and all the fleet 
 after him, which, in the end, fell into disorder, which seemed 
 very handsome. The gun over against my cabin I fired 
 myself to the King, which was the first time that he had 
 been saluted by his own ships since this change ; but, holding 
 my head too much over the gun, I had almost spoiled my 
 right eye. Nothing in the world but giving of guns almost 
 all this day. In the evening we began to remove cabins; I 
 to the carpenter's cabin, and Dr. Clerke with me, who came 
 on board this afternoon, having been twice ducked in the sea 
 to-day, and Mr. North and John Pickering the like. Many 
 of the King's servants come on board to-night ; and so many 
 Dutch of all sorts come to see the ship till it was quite dark, 
 that we could not pass by one another, which was a great 
 trouble to us all. This afternoon, Mr. Downing (who was 
 knighted yesterday by the King) was here on board, and had 
 a ship for his passage into England with his lady and ser- 
 vants. By the same token, he called me to him when I was 
 going to write the order, to tell me that I must write him Sir 
 G. Downing. My Lord lay in the roundhouse to-night. This 
 evening, I was late writing a Prench letter by my Lord's 
 order to Monsieur Wragh, Embassadeur de Denmarke a la 
 Haye, which my Lord signed in bed. 
 
 23d. In the morning come infinity of people on board from 
 the King to go along with him. My Lord, Mr. Crewe, and 
 others, go on shore to meet the King as he comes off from 
 shore, where Sir R. Stayner, bringing his Majesty into the 
 boat, I hear that his Majesty did with a great deal of affec- 
 tion kiss my Lord upon his first meeting. The King, with 
 the two Dukes and Queen of Bohemia, Princesse Royalle, and 
 Prince of Orange, come on board, where I, in their coming 
 in, kissed the King's, Queen's, and Princesse's hands, having 
 done the other before. Infinite shooting off of the guns, 
 and that in a disorder on purpose, which was better than if it 
 had been otherwise. All day, nothing but Lords and persons 
 
I860.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 71 
 
 of honour on board, that we were exceeding full. Dined 
 in a great deal of state, the Royalle company by themselves 
 in the coach, which was a blessed sight to see. After dinner, 
 the King and Duke altered the name of some of the ships, 
 viz., the Nazeby into Charles; 1 the Richard, James; the 
 Speaker, Mary; the Dunbar (which was not in company 
 with us), the Henry; Winsly, Happy Return; Wakefield, 
 Richmond; Lambert, the Henrietta; Cheriton, the Speed- 
 well; Bradford, the Successe. 2 That done, the Queen, 
 Princesse Royalle, and Prince of Orange, took leave of the 
 King, and the Duke of York went on board the London, 
 and the Duke of Gloucester, the Swiftsure, which done, we 
 weighed anchor, and with a fresh gale and most happy 
 weather we set sail for England. All the afternoon the King 
 walked here and there, up and down, (quite contrary to what I 
 thought him to have been), very active and stirring. Upon 
 the quarter-deck he fell into discourse of his escape from 
 Worcester, where it made me ready to weep to hear the stories 
 that he told of his difficulties that he had passed through, 
 as his travelling four days and three nights on foot, every 
 step up to his knees in dirt, with nothing but a green coat 
 and a pair of country breeches on, and a pair of country shoes 
 that made him so sore all over his feet, that he could scarce 
 stir. Yet he was forced to run away from a miller and 
 other company, that took them for rogues. His sitting at 
 table at one place, where the master of the House, that had 
 not seen him in eight years, did know him, but kept it 
 private ; when at the same table there was one, that had 
 been of his own regiment at Worcester, could not know him, 
 but made him drink the King's health, and said that the 
 King was at least four fingers higher than he. At another 
 place, he was by some servants of the house made to drink, 
 that they might know that he was not a Roundhead, which 
 they swore he was. In another place, at his inn, the master 
 
 1 The Naseby now no longer England's shame, 
 But better to be lost in Charles his name. 
 
 Drtden's Astraea Redux. 
 * See in the Appendix a list of the fleet and the commanders' names. 
 
72 DIARY OF [24th May, 
 
 of the house, as the King was standing with his hands upon 
 the back of a chair by the fireside, kneeled down and kissed 
 his hand, privately, saying, that he would not ask him who 
 he was, but bid God bless him whither he was going. Then 
 the difficulties in getting a boat to get into France, where 
 he was fain to plot with the master thereof to keep his 
 design from the foreman and a boy, (which was all the 
 ship's company), and so get to Fe'camp, in France. At 
 Rouen he looked so poorly, that the people went into 
 the rooms before he went away, to see whether he had not 
 stole something or other. In the evening, I went up to my 
 Lord, to write letters for England, which we sent away with 
 word of our coming, by Mr. Edward Pickering. The King 
 supped alone in the coach ; after that I got a dish, and we 
 four supped in my cabin, as at noon. About bed-time, my 
 Lord Bartlett z (who I had offered my service to before) sent 
 for me to get him a bed, who with much ado I did get to 
 bed to my Lord Middlesex, 2 in the great cabin below, but I 
 was cruelly troubled before I could dispose of him, and quit 
 myself of him. So to my cabin again, where the company 
 still was, and were talking more of the King's difficulties ; 
 as how he was fain to eat a piece of bread and cheese out of 
 a poor body's pocket ; how, at a Catholic house, he was fain 
 to lie in the priest's hole a good while in the house for his 
 privacy. After that, our company broke up. We have all 
 the Lords Commissioners on board us, and many others. 
 Under sail all night, and most glorious weather. 
 
 24th. Up, and made myself as fine as I could, with the 
 linning stockings on and wide canons 3 that I bought the other 
 day at Hague. Extraordinary press of noble company, and 
 great mirth all the day. There dined with me in my cabin 
 (that is, the carpenter's) Dr. Earle, 4 and Mr. Hollis the King's 
 
 1 A mistake for Lord Berkeley, of Berkeley, who had been deputed, with Lord 
 Middlesex and four other Peers, by the House of Lords, to present an address of 
 congratulation to the King. 
 
 " Lionel Cranfield, third Earl of Middlesex. Ob. 1674, s. p. 
 
 a Sic orig. 
 
 * John Earle, Dean of Westminster, successively Bishop of Worcester and Salis- 
 bury. Ob. 1665. 
 
I S60.] SAMUEL PBPTS. 73 
 
 chaplains; Dr. Scarborough, 1 Dr. Quarterman, 2 and Dr. 
 Clerke, physicians ; Mr. Darcy, 3 and Mr. Fox, 4 (both very 
 fine gentlemen) the King's servants ; where we had brave dis- 
 course. Walking upon the deck, where persons of honour 
 all the afternoon, among others, Thomas Killigrew, 5 (a merry 
 droll, but a gentleman of great esteem with the King) who 
 told us many merry stories : one, how he wrote a letter three 
 or four days ago to the Princess Royal, about a Queen Dow- 
 ager of Judaea and Palestine, that was at the Hague incognita, 
 that made love to the King, which was Mr. Cary (a courtier's) 
 wife, that had been a nun, who are all married to Jesus. At 
 supper, the three Doctors of Physique again at my cabin ; 
 where I put Dr. Scarborough in mind of what I heard him 
 say, that children do, in every day's experience, look several 
 ways with both their eyes, till custom teaches them otherwise ; 
 and that we do now see but with one eye, our eyes looking 
 in parallel lines. After this discourse, I was called to write 
 a pass for my Lord Mandeville to take up horses to London, 
 which I wrote in the King's name, 6 and carried it to him to 
 sign, which was the first and only one that ever he signed in 
 the ship Charles. To bed, coming in sight of land a little 
 before night. 
 
 25th. By the morning we were come close to the land, 
 
 1 Charles Scarborough, M.D., principal physician to Charles II. (by whom he 
 was knighted in 1669), James II., and William III., a learned and incomparable 
 anatomist. 
 
 3 William Quarterman, M.D., of Pembroke College, Oxford, another of the King's 
 physicians. 
 
 3 Marmaduke, fifth son of Conyers Lord Darcy, one of the companions of 
 Charles's exile, whom the King was wont to call *Duke Darcy; and he is so 
 styled in Charles's narrative of his escape, as given to Pepys, page 4. On the 
 pavement in the south aisle of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, is the following 
 inscription : — "Here lyeth the body of the Honourable Marmaduke Darcy, Esq., 
 brother to the Earl of Holderness, first gentleman usher of the privy-chamber to 
 His Majesty, who died in this castle on Sunday, the 3d of July, in the seventy- 
 third year of his age, a.d. 1687." — Pote's History of Windsor, p. 365. 
 
 * Afterwards Sir Stephen Fox, Paymaster to the Forces. 
 
 * Vounger son of Sir Robert Killigrew, of Hanworth, Middlesex, page cf 
 honour to Charles I., and groom of the bed-chamber to Charles II., whose for- 
 tunes he had followed. He was Resident at Venice, 1651 ; a great favourite with 
 the King, on account of his uncommon vein of humour, and author of several 
 plays. Ob. 1682. 
 
 * This right of purveyance was abolished in Charles's reign. 
 
 Vol. I.— 10 
 
74 DIARY 0*' [25th May 
 
 and everybody made ready to get on shore. The King and 
 the two Dukes did eat their breakfast before they went ; and 
 there being set some ship's diet before them, only to show them 
 the manner of the ship's diet, they eat of nothing else but 
 pease and pork, and boiled beef. I had Mr. Darcy in my 
 cabin ; and Dr. Clerke, who eat with me, told me how the 
 King had given 501. to Mr. Shepley for my Lord's servants, 
 and 500Z. among the officers and common men of the ship. 
 I spoke to the Duke of York about business, who called me 
 Pepys by name, and upon my desire did promise me his future 
 favour. Great expectation of the King's making some 
 Knights, but there was none. About noon (though the brigan- 
 tine that Beale made was there ready to carry him) yet he would 
 go in my Lord's barge with the two Dukes. Our Captain 
 steered, and my Lord went along bare with him. I went, and 
 Mr. Mansell, and one of the King's footmen, and a dog that 
 the King loved, in a boat by ourselves, and so got on shore 
 when the King did, who was received by General Monk with 
 all imaginable love and respect at his entrance upon the land 
 at Dover. Infinite the crowd of people and the gallantry of 
 the horsemen, citizens, and noblemen of all sorts. The Mayor 
 of the town come and give him his white staff, the badge of 
 his place, which the King did give him again. The Mayor 
 also presented him from the town a very rich Bible, which 
 he took, and said it was the thing that he loved above all 
 things in the world. A canopy was provided for him to stand 
 under, which he did, and talked awhile with General Monk 
 and others, and so into a stately coach there set for him, and 
 so away through the town towards Canterbury, without making 
 any stay at Dover. The shouting and joy expressed by all is 
 past imagination. Seeing that my Lord did not stir out of 
 his barge, I got into a boat, and so into his barge, and we 
 back to the ship, seeing a man almost drowned that fell into 
 the sea. My Lord almost transported with joy that he had 
 done all this without any the least blur or obstruction in the 
 world, that could give offence to any, and with the great honour 
 he thought it would be to him. Being overtook by the bri- 
 gantine, my Lord and we went out of our barge into it, and 
 
le 60.] SAMUEL PEPYS. VK 
 
 so went on board with Sir W. Batten l and the Vice and Rear- 
 Admirals. At night I supped with the Captain, who told me 
 what the King had given us. My Lord returned late, and at 
 his coming did give me order to cause the mark to be gilded, 
 and a Crown and C. R. to be made at the head of the coach 
 table, where the King to-day with his own hand did mark hi3 
 height, which accordingly I caused the painter to do, and is 
 now done, as is to be seen. 
 
 26th. Mr. North, and Dr. Clerke, and all the great com- 
 pany being gone, I found myself very uncouth all this day 
 for want thereof. My Lord dined with the Vice-Admiral 
 to-day, (who is as officious, poor man ! as any spaniel can be ; 
 but I believe all to no purpose, for I believe he will not hold 
 his place ;) so I dined commander at the coach table to-day, 
 and all the officers of the ship with me, and Mr. White of 
 Dover. After a game or two at nine-pins, to work all the 
 afternoon, making about twenty orders. In the evening, my 
 Lord having been ashore, the first time that he hath been 
 ashore since he come out of the Hope, (having resolved not 
 to go till he had brought his Majesty into England,) returned 
 on board with a great deal of pleasure. The Captain [Roger 
 Cuttance] told me that my Lord had appointed me 30?. 
 out of the 1000 ducats which the King had given to the 
 ship. 
 
 27th. (Lord's day.) Called up by John Goods to see the 
 
 1 Clarendon describes William Batten as an obscure fellow, and, although un- 
 known to the service, a good seaman, who was in 1642 made Surveyor to the 
 Navy; in which employ he evinced great animosity against the King. The fol- 
 lowing year, while Vice-Admiral to the Earl of Warwick, he chased a Dutch 
 man-of-war into Burlington Bay, knowing that Queen Henrietta Maria was on 
 board ; and then, learning that she had landed and was lodged on the quay, he 
 fired above a hundred shot upon the house, some of which passing through her 
 majesty's chamber, she was obliged, though indisposed, to retire for safety into 
 the open fields. This act, brutal as it was, found favour with the Parliament. 
 But Batten became afterwards discontented; and, when a portion of the fleet 
 revolted, he carried the Constant Warwick, one of the best ships in the Parliament 
 navy, over into Holland, with several seamen of note. For this act of treachery 
 he was knighted and made a Rear-Admiral by Prince Charles. We hear no more 
 of Batten till the Restoration, when he became a Commissioner of the Navy, and 
 was soon after M.P. for Rochester. • See an account of his second wife, in note to 
 Nov. 24, 1660; and of his illness and death, 5th October, 1667. He had a. son, 
 Benjamin, and a daughter, Martha, by his first lady. 
 
76 DIARY OP [27th May, 
 
 Garter and Heralds' coat, wliich lay in the coach, brought 
 by Sir Edward Walker, King at Arms, this morning, for my 
 Lord. My Lord had summoned all the Commanders on 
 board him, to see the ceremony, which was thus : Sir Edward, 
 putting on his coat, and having laid the George and Garter, 
 and the King's letter to my Lord, upon a crimson cushion, 
 (in the coach, all the Commanders standing by) makes three 
 congees to him, holding the cushion in his arms. Then, lay- 
 ing it down with the things upon it upon a chair, he takes 
 the letter, and delivers it to my Lord, which my Lord breaks 
 open and gives him to read. It was directed to our trusty 
 and well-beloved Sir Edward Montagu, Knight, one of our 
 Generals at sea, and our Companion elect of our Noble Order 
 of the Garter. The contents of the letter are to show that 
 the Kings of England have for many years made use of this 
 honour, as a special mark of favour, to persons of good 
 extraction and valour, and that many Emperors, Kings, and 
 Princes of other countries have borne this honour ; and that 
 whereas my Lord is of a noble family, and hath now done 
 the King such service by sea, at this time, as he hath done ; 
 he do send him this George and Garter to wear as Knight of 
 the Order, with a dispensation for the other ceremonies of 
 the habit of the Order, and other things, till hereafter, when 
 it can be done. So the herald putting the ribbon about his 
 neck, and the Garter on his left leg, he saluted him with joy 
 as Knight of the Garter. And after that was done, he took 
 his leave of my Lord, and so to shore again to the King at 
 Canterbury, where he yesterday gave the like honour to 
 General Monk, 1 who are the only two for many years that 
 have had the Garter given them, before they had honours of 
 Earldom, or the like, excepting only the Duke of Buckingham, 
 who was only Sir George Villiers when he was made Knight 
 of the Garter. 2 The officers being all on board, there was 
 no room for me at table, so I dined in my cabin, where Mr. 
 
 1 His Majesty put the George on his Exoellency, and the two Dukes put on the 
 Garter. The Princes thus honoured the Lord-General for the restoration of that 
 lawful family. — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
 ' A.D. 1616. 
 
18(ra SAMUEL PEPYS. 77 
 
 Drum brought me a lobster and a bottle of oil, instead of 
 vinegar, whereby I spoiled my dinner. Late to a sermon. 
 
 28th. Called up at two in the morning, for letters for my 
 Lord from the Duke of York. The Captain did give every 
 one of the men (not the boys) a ducat of the King's money 
 that he gave the ship; and the officers according to their 
 quality. I received in the Captain's cabin, for my share, 
 sixty ducats. 
 
 29th. The King's birthday. Abroad to shore with my 
 Lord, (which he offered me of himself, saying that I had a 
 great deal of work to do this month, which was very true). 
 On shore, we took horses, my Lord and Mr. Edward, Mr. 
 Hetly, and I, and three or four servants, and had a great 
 deal of pleasure in riding. Among other things, my Lord 
 showed me a house that cost a great deal of money, and is 
 built in so barren and inconvenient a place, that my Lord 
 calls it the fool's house. At last, we came upon a very high 
 cliff by the seaside, and rode under it ; we having laid great 
 wagers, I and Dr. Mathews, that it was not so high as 
 Paul's ; my Lord and Mr. Hetly, that it was. But we riding 
 under it, my Lord made a pretty good measure of it with 
 two sticks, and found it to be not above thirty-five yards 
 high, and Paul's is reckoned to be about ninety. From 
 thence toward the barge again ; and in our way found the 
 people at Deal going to make a bonfire for joy of the day, it 
 being the King's birthday, and had some guns which they 
 did give fire to at my Lord's coming by, for which I did 
 give twenty shillings among them to drink. While we were 
 on the top of the cliff, we saw and heard our guns in the 
 fleet go off for the same joy; and it being a pretty fair day, 
 we could see above twenty miles into France. Being returned 
 on board, my Lord called for Mr. Shepley's book of Paul's, 
 by which we were confirmed in our wager. This day, it is 
 thought, the King do enter the City of London. 1 
 
 x "Divers maidens, in behalf of themselves and others, presented a petition to 
 the Lord Mayor of London, wherein they pray his Lordship to grant them leave 
 End liberty to meet His Majesty on the day of his passing through the city ; and 
 if their petition be granted, that tbey will all be clad in white waistcoats and 
 crimson petticoats, and other ornaments of triumph and rejoicing." — Rugge'fl 
 Diurnal, May, 1660. 
 
 10* H 
 
fg DIARY OP [IstJnne, 
 
 30th. I did eat a dish of mackarel, newly catched for my 
 breakfast. All this morning making up my accounts, in 
 which I counted that I had made myself now worth about 
 80Z., at which my heart was glad, and blessed God. 
 
 31st. Captain Sparling, 1 of the Assistance, brought me a 
 pair of silk stockings of a light blue, which I was much 
 pleased with. This day the month ends. I in very good 
 health, and all the world in a merry mood, because of the 
 King's coming. I begin to teach Mr. Edward, 2 who has a 
 very good foundation laid for his Latin, by Mr. Fuller. 
 
 June 1st. Of the money that the Duke of York did give 
 my Lord's servants, 22 ducatoons came to my share. I did 
 give Mr. Shepley the fine pair of buckskin gloves that I 
 bought for myself five years ago. Many Dover men come 
 and dine with my Lord. My Lord at nine-pins in the 
 afternoon. Mr. Shepley tells me how my Lord hath put me 
 down for 70 guilders among the money given to my Lord's 
 servants, which my heart did much rejoice at. Sir E. 
 Stayner told us how some of his men did grumble that no 
 more of the Duke's money do come to their share, and so 
 would not receive any, whereupon he called up those that 
 had taken it, and give them three shares apiece more, which 
 made good sport among the seamen. At night, Mr. Cooke 
 comes from London with letters, leaving all things there very 
 gallant and joyful ; and brought us word that the Parliament 
 had ordered the 29th of May, the King's birthday, to be for 
 ever kept as a day of thanksgiving for our redemption from 
 tyranny, and the King's return to his government, he entering 
 London that day. My poor wife has not been well: 
 she would fain see me and be at her house again, but we 
 must be content. She writes how there was a talk that I 
 should be knighted by the King, which they (the Joyces) 
 laugh at ; but I think myself happier in my wife and estate 
 than they are. The Captain come on board quite fuddled; 
 the Vice- Admiral, Rear- Admiral, and he, had been drinking 
 all day. My Lord being now to sit in the House of Peers, 
 
 ' Thomas Sparling. ' Little Edward Montagu. 
 
1660 -] SAMUEL PEPYS. na 
 
 he endeavours to get Mr. Edward Montagu for Weymouth, 
 and Mr. George for Dover. 
 
 2d. Being with my Lord in the morning about business in 
 his cabin, I took occasion to give thanks for his love to me in 
 the share that he had given me of his Majesty's money, and 
 the Duke's. He told me he hoped to do me a more lasting 
 kindness, if all things stand as they are now between him and 
 the King; but, says he, "We must have a little patience, and 
 we will rise together ; in the mean time, I will do yet all the 
 good jobs I can." Which was great content for me to hear 
 from my Lord. All the morning with the Captain, computing 
 how much the thirty ships that come with the King from 
 Scheveling their pay comes to for a month (because the King 
 promised to give them all a month's pay, and it comes to 
 6538Z., and the Charles particularly 7171. I wish we had the 
 money. 
 
 3d. (Lord's day.) Captain [Philip] Holland is come to 
 get an order for the setting out of his ship, and to renew his 
 commission. He tells me how every man goes to the Lord 
 Mayor to set down their names, as such as do accept of his 
 Majesty's pardon, and showed me a certificate under the Lord 
 Mayor's hand, that he had done so. 
 
 At sermon in the morning : after dinner into my cabin, to 
 cast my accounts up, and find myself to be worth near 1001., 
 for which I bless Almighty God, it being more than I hoped 
 for so soon, being, I believe, not clearly worth 251. when I 
 come to sea, besides my house and goods. 
 
 4th. This morning my Lord went on shore with the Vice- 
 Admiral a-fishing. The Assistance being to go to Middle- 
 burgh, for the King's goods, I sent my Dutch money, 70 
 ducatoons and 29 gold ducats, to be changed for English 
 money, which is the first venture that ever I made, and so I 
 am afraid of it. The King's proclamation against drinking, 
 swearing, and debauchery, was read to our ships' companies 
 in the fleet, and indeed it gives great satisfaction to all. 
 
 5th. My Lord called for the lieutenant's cittern, and 
 with two candlesticks, with money in them, for symbols, 1 
 
 ' Cymbals. 
 
80 DIARY OF [7th June, 
 
 we made barber's music, 1 with which my Lord was well 
 pleased. 
 
 6th. In the morning I had letters come, that told me, 
 among other things, that my Lord's place of Clerk of the 
 Signet was fallen to him, which he did most lovingly tell me 
 that I should execute, in case he could not get a better em- 
 ployment for me at the end of the year, because he thought 
 that the Duke of York would command all ; but he hoped 
 that the Duke would not remove me but to my advantage. 
 
 My letters tell me, that Mr. Calamy 2 had preached before 
 the King in a surplice, (this I heard afterwards to be false) ; 
 that my Lord, General Monk, and three more lords, are made 
 Commissioners for the Treasury; that my Lord had some 
 great place conferred on him, and they say Master of the 
 Wardrobe ; that the two Dukes do haunt the Park much, and 
 they were at a play, Madam Epicene, 3 the other day ; that 
 Sir Anthony Cooper,* Mr. Hollis, 5 and Mr. Annesly, 6 late 
 Presidents of the Council of State, are made Privy Council- 
 lors to the King. 
 
 7th. After dinner come Mr. John Wright and Mr. Moore, 
 with the sight of whom my heart was very glad. They 
 brought an order for my Lord's coming up to London, which 
 my Lord resolved to do to-morrow. All the afternoon get- 
 ting my things in order to set forth to-morrow. At night 
 walked up and down with Mr. Moore, who did give me an 
 account of all things at London. Among others, how the 
 Presbyterians would be angry if they durst, but they will not 
 be able to do any thing. Most of the commanders on board, 
 and supped with my Lord. Laid out all my things against 
 to-morrow, to put myself in a walking garb. 
 
 1 In the Notices of Popular Histories, printed for the Percy Society, there is a 
 curious -woodcut, representing the interior of a barber's shop, in which, according 
 to the old custom, the person waiting to he shaved is playing on the "ghittern" 
 till his turn arrives. Decker also mentions a "barber's cittern," for every serving- 
 man to play upon. This is no doubt '* The barber's music" with which Lord 
 Sandwich entertained himself. 
 
 ■ Edward Calamy, the celebrated Nonconformist divine, born 1616, appointed 
 Chaplain to Charles the Second 1660. Ob. 1666. 
 
 3 Epicene, or the Silent Woman, a Comedy, by Ben Jonson. 
 
 " Afterwards Chancellor, and created Earl of Shaftesbury. 
 
 ' Afterwards Lord Hollis. • Afterwards Earl of Anglesey. 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 8] 
 
 8th. Out early, took horses at Deal. Dined at Canter- 
 bury. I saw the minster, and the remains of Becket's tomb. 
 To Sittingborne and Rochester : the ships and brigs come to 
 Gravesend. 
 
 9th. Landed at the Temple. To Whitehall with my Lord 
 and Mr. Edward Montagu. Found the King in the Park. 
 There walked. Gallantly great. 
 
 10th. (Lord's day.) At my father's found my wife, and to 
 walk with her in Lincoln's Inn walks. 
 
 11th. With my Lord to Dorset House, 1 to the Chancellor. 
 
 12th. With my Lord to the Duke of Gloucester. The two 
 Dukes dined with the Speaker, and I saw there a fine enter- 
 tainment, and dined with the pages. 
 
 13th. By water with my Lord in a boat to Westminster, 
 and to the Admiralty, now in a new place, and to the Trea- 
 surer of the Navy. 
 
 14th. To my Lady Pickering, with the plate that she did 
 give my Lord the other day. 
 
 15th. My Lord told me how the King had given him the 
 place of the great wardrobe. 2 
 
 16th. To my Lord, and so to White Hall with him about 
 the Clerk of the Privy Seal's place, which he is to have. 
 Then to the Admiralty, where I wrote some letters. Here 
 Colonel Thompson told me, as a great secret, that the Nazeby 
 was on fire when the King was there, but that is not known ; 
 when God knows it is quite false. Got a piece of gold from 
 Major Holmes 3 for the horse I brought to town. 
 
 17th. (Lord's day.) To Mr. Mossum's; a good sermon. 
 This day the organs did begin to play at White Hall before 
 the King. After dinner to Mr. Mossum's again, and so in 
 the garden, and heard Chippell's father preach, that was page 
 
 1 Dorset House, in Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, at this time occupied by the 
 Chancellor, once the residence of the Bishops of Salisbury, one of whom (Jewel) 
 alienated it to the Sackville family. The house being afterwards pulled down, a 
 theatre was built on its site, in which the Duke of York's troop performed. The 
 name is still preserved in Dorset Street. 
 
 a With an official residence, often referred to by Pepys. 
 
 3 Afterwards Sir Robert Holmes. He is styled " Major," although in the navy. 
 Thus Lord Sandwich and Sir W. Pen were called " Generals :" see also Jan. 6, 
 1661-2. 
 
g2 DIARY OF [19th June, 
 
 to the Protector. By the window that I stood at sat Mrs. 
 Butler, 1 the great beauty. Mr. Edward and I into Gray's 
 Inn walks, and saw many beauties. 
 
 18th. To my Lord's, where much business. With him to 
 the Parliament House, where he did intend to have made his 
 appearance to-day, but he met Mr. Crewe upon the stairs, 
 and would not go in. He went to Mrs. Brown's, and staid 
 till word was brought him what was done in the House. This 
 day they made an end of the twenty men to be excepted from 
 pardon to their estates. By barge to Stepny with my Lord, 
 where at Trinity House we had great entertainment. With 
 my Lord there went Sir W. Pen, 2 Sir H. Wright, Hetly, 
 Pierce, Creed, 3 Hill, I, and other servants. Back again to 
 the Admiralty, and so to my Lord's lodgings, where he told 
 me that he did look after the place of the Clerk of the Acts 
 for me. Murford showed me five pieces to get a business 
 done for him, and I am resolved to do it. 
 
 19th. Much business at my Lord's. This morning my 
 Lord went into the House of Commons, and there had the 
 thanks of the House, in the name of the Parliament and 
 
 ' See 25th July, 1660. 
 
 3 Sir William Penn was born at Bristol in 1621, of the ancient family of the 
 Penns, of Penn Lodge, Wilts. He was Captain at the age of twenty-one; Bear- 
 Admiral of Ireland at twenty-three ; Viee-Admiral of England and General in the 
 first Dutch war, at thirty-two. He was subsequently M.P. for Weymouth, Governor 
 of Kingsale, and Viee-Admiral of Munster. After the Dutch fight in 1665, where 
 he distinguished himself as second in command under the Duke of York, he took 
 leave of the sea, but continued to act as a Commissioner for the Navy till 1669, 
 when he retired to Wanstead, on account of his bodily infirmities, and dying there, 
 September 16, 1670, aged forty-nine, was buried in the church of St. Mary Red- 
 cliffe, in Bristol, where a monument to his memory is still to he seen. 
 
 3 John Creed of Oundle, Esq. From the way in which Pepys speaks of his friend, 
 he was probably of humble origin, and nothing is known of his history previously 
 to the Restoration, when he seems to have been a retainer in the service of Sir 
 Edward Montagu. In 1662 he was made Secretary to the Commissioners for Tan- 
 gier, and in 1668 he married Elizabeth Pickering, the niece of his original patron, 
 by whom he had eleven children. Major Richard Creed, the eldest son, who was 
 killed at the battle of Blenheim, lies buried in Tiebmarsh Church in Northamp- 
 tonshire, where there is also a monument erected to his father, describing him as 
 " of Oundle," and as having served King Charles the Second in divers honourable 
 employments at home and abroad, lived with honour, and died lamented, A.D. 1701. 
 What these employments were cannot now be ascertained. There exists still a 
 cenotaph to the memory of the major in Westminster Abbey. Mrs. Creed, wife 
 of John Creed of Oundle, Esq., was the only daughter of Sir Gilbert Pickering, 
 Bart., by Elizabeth, only daughter of Sir Edward Montagu, and sister of Edward 
 Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich: see Malone's Lift of Dry den, p. 339. 
 
1«60.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 53 
 
 Commons of England, for his late service to his King and 
 country. A motion was made for a reward for him, but it 
 was quashed by Mr. Annesly, who, above most men, is en- 
 gaged to my Lord's and Crewe's favours. Lady Pickering 
 told me the story of her husband's case, and desired my 
 assistance with my Lord, and did give me, wrapped up in paper, 
 51. in silver. With my Lord to White Hall, and my Lady 
 Pickering. My Lord went at night with the King to Bay- 
 nard's Castle to supper, and I home. My wife and the girl 
 and dog came home to-day. I found a quantity of chocolate 
 left for me, I know not from whom. 
 
 20th. With my Lord (who lay long in bed this day, be- 
 cause he came home late from supper with the King) to the 
 Parliament House, and, after that, with him to General 
 Monk's, where he dined at the Cockpit. Thence to the 
 Admiralty, and despatched away Mr. Cooke to sea ; whose 
 business was a letter from my Lord about Mr. G. Montagu 
 to be chosen as a Parliament-man in my Lord's room at 
 Dover ; and another to the Vice-Admiral to give my Lord 
 a constant account of all things in the fleet, merely that 
 he may thereby keep up his power there ; another letter to 
 Captain Cuttance to send the barge, that brought the King on 
 shore, to Hinchingbroke by Lynne. 1 
 
 21st. To my Lord, much business. At the Dog Tavern, 
 Captain Curie, late of the Maria, gave me five pieces in gold 
 and a silver can for my wife, for the commission I did give 
 him this day for his ship, dated April 20, 1660. With my 
 Lord to the Council Chamber, where he was sworn ; and the 
 charge of his being admitted Privy Councellor is 26Z. Thence 
 to the Parliament door, and with my Lord to see the Great 
 Wardrobe, where Mr. Townsend brought us to the governor 
 of some poor children in tawny clothes, who had been main- 
 tained there these eleven years, which put my Lord to a stand 
 how to dispose of them ; but he may have the house for his 
 own use. The children did sing finely, and my Lord bid me 
 give them five pieces in gold at his going away. To White 
 Hall, where, the King being gone abroad, my Lord and I 
 
 * Whence it could go by water-carriage; see note to Jan. 31, 1660-61. 
 
84 DIARY OF [23d June, 
 
 walked a great while, discoursing of the simplicity of the 
 Protector, in his losing all that his father had left him. My 
 Lord told me, that the last words that he parted with the 
 Protector with (when he went to the Sound), were, that he 
 should rejoice more to see him in his grave at his return 
 home, than that he should give way to such things as were 
 then in hatching, and afterwards did ruin him : and that the 
 Protector said, that whatever G. Montagu, my Lord Broghill, 1 
 Jones, and the Secretary, would have him to do, he would do 
 it, be it what it would. To my father's, where Sir Thomas 
 Honeywood and his family were come of a sudden, and so we 
 forced to lie altogether in a little chamber, three stories high. 
 22d. To my Lord, where much business. With him to 
 Whitehall, where the Duke of York not being up, we walked 
 a good while in the Shield Gallery. Mr. Hill (who for these 
 two or three days hath constantly attended my Lord) told me 
 of an offer of 5001. for a baronet's dignity, which I told my 
 Lord of in the balcony of this gallery, and he said he would 
 think of it. My dear friend Mr. Fuller of Twickenham and 
 I dined alone at the Sun Tavern, where he told me how he had 
 the grant of being Dean of St. Patrick's, in Ireland ; and I 
 ' told him my condition, and both rejoiced one for another. 
 To give order for horses to be got to draw my Lord's great 
 coach to Mr. Crewe's. Thence to my Lord's, and had the 
 great coach to Brigham's, who give me a case of good julep, 
 and told me how my Lady Monk deals with him and others 
 for their places, asking him 500?., though he was formerly 
 the King's coachmaker, and sworn to it. To bed the first 
 time since my coming from sea, in my own house, for which 
 God be praised. 
 
 23d. To my Lord's lodgings, where Tom Guy come to 
 me, and there staid to see the King touch people for the 
 King's evil. 2 But he did not come at all, it rained so ; and 
 
 1 Roger Boyle, Lord Broghill, created Earl of Orrery, 1660. Ob. 1679. 
 
 3 This ceremony is of great antiquity in England ; perhaps it may be traced to 
 Edward the Confessor. Sir John Fortescue, in his defence of the House of 
 Lancaster against that of York, argued that the crown could not descend to a 
 female, because the Queen is not qualified by the form of anointing her, used at 
 the coronation, to cure the disease called the king's evil. Burns asserts, History 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 85 
 
 the poor people were forced to stand all the morning m the 
 rain in the garden. Afterward he touched them in the 
 Banquetting-House. With my Lord to my Lord Frezen- 
 dorfe'Sj 1 where he dined to-day. He told me that he had 
 obtained a promise of the Clerk of the Acts place for me, at 
 which I was glad. 
 
 24th. (Sunday.) Told Mr. G. Montagu from my letters he 
 was likely to be chosen at Dover. 
 
 25th. With my Lord at White Hall all the morning. 1 
 spoke with Mr. Coventry about my business, who promised 
 me all the assistance I could expect. Dined with young 
 Mr. Powell, lately come from the Sound, being amused at 
 our great charges here, and Mr. Southerne, now Clerk to 
 
 of Pariah Registers, p. 144, "that between 1660 and 1682, 92,107 persons were 
 touched for the evil. Every one coming to the court for that purpose, brought 
 a certificate signed by the minister and churchwardens, that he had not at any 
 time been touched by His Majesty. The register of Camberwell and other 
 parishes contain the names of those to whom certificates had been given. In the 
 time of Charles II. the practice was at its height (Evelyn's Diary, March 28, 
 1684). On Nov. 5, 1688, Evelyn also states, that he saw King James touch for 
 the evil, Pitan the Jesuit and Warner officiating. This was no doubt the last 
 time he performed the ceremony in England. In the first four years after his 
 restoration, he "touched" nearly 24,000 people. The ceremony was continued 
 during the reigns of his successors j and so late as Lent, 1712, we find Dr. Johnson 
 (Boswell's Life, vol. i., p. 16) amongst the number of persons actually touched 
 by Queen Anne. The practice was supposed to have expired with the Stuarts, 
 but the point being disputed, reference was made to the library of the Duke of 
 Sussex, and four several Oxford editions of the Book of Common Prayer were 
 found, all printed after the accession of the House of Hanover, and all containing, 
 as an integral part of the service, "The Office for the Healing." Subsequently 
 to the execution of Charles L, handkerchiefs dipped in his blood were believed to 
 possess the virtue of healing, of which an instance is related in Churchill's Divi 
 Britannici, p. 9 ; and very recently a pilgrimage was made from a distant part to 
 Ashburnbam in Sussex, in the hope of a cure from the " touch" of the sheet in which 
 the King's body was wrapped; and which, with the King's watch, is in the posses- 
 sion of the Earl of Ashburnham, the lineal descendant of John Ashburnbam, his 
 friend and faithful servant. The stamp of gold with which the King crossed the 
 sore of the sick person was called an angel, and of the value of ten shillings. It 
 had a hole bored through it, through which a ribbon was drawn, and the angel 
 was hanged about the patient's neck till the cure was perfected. — Genest's Hist, 
 of the Stage, vol. i. p. 143, ubi plura. The stamp has the impression of 
 St. Michael the Archangel on one side, and a ship in full sail on the other. 
 "My Lord Anglesey had a daughter cured of the King's evil with three others 
 on Tuesday." — MS. Letter of William Greenbill to Lady Bacon, dated December 
 31, 1629, preserved at Audley End. 
 
 1 John Frederic de Friesendorff, Embassador from Sweden to Charles II., who 
 created him a baronet 1661. 
 
 Vol. I.— 11 
 
g(5 DIARY OF [27th June, 
 
 Mr. Coventry, at the Leg in King Street. Thence to the 
 Admiralty, where I met Mr. Turner, of the Navy Office, 
 who did look after the place of Clerk of the Acts. He was 
 very civil to me, and I to him, and shall be so. There 
 come a letter from my Lady Monk to my Lord about it this 
 evening, but he refused to come to her, but meeting in White 
 Hall with Sir Thomas Clarges, her brother, my Lord 
 returned answer that he could not desist in my business; 
 and that he believed that General Monk would take it ill if 
 my Lord should name the officers in his army ; and therefore 
 he desired to have the naming of one officer in the fleet. 
 With my Lord by coach to Mr. Crewe's, and very merry by 
 the way, discoursing of the late changes and his good fortune. 
 Thence home, and then with my wife to Dorset House, to 
 deliver a list of the names of the justices of peace for 
 Huntingdonshire. I met [there] Mr. Kipps, my old friend, 
 now seal-bearer to the Lord Chancellor. 
 
 26th. My Lord dined at his lodgings all alone to-day. I 
 went to Secretary Nicholas, to carry him my Lord's reso- 
 lutions about his title, which he had chosen, and that is 
 Portsmouth. Mr. Watts, a merchant, offered me 500?. if I 
 would desist from the Clerk of the Acts place. I pray God 
 direct me in what I do herein. With Mr. Townsend to 
 Backewell, 1 the goldsmith's, and there we chose 100Z. worth 
 of plate for my Lord to give Secretary Nicholas. 
 
 .27th. With my Lord to the Duke, where he spoke to Mr. 
 Coventry to despatch my business of the Acts, 2 in which place 
 everybody gives me joy, as if I were in it, which God send. 
 Dined with my Lord and all the officers of his regiment, whc 
 invited my Lord and his friends, as many as he would bring, 
 to dinner at the Swan at Dowgate, a poor house, and ill 
 
 1 Edward Bakewell, an Alderman of London and opulent banker, ruined by 
 the shutting up of the Exchequer in 1672, when he retired to Holland, where he 
 died. 
 
 3 The letters patent, dated 13th July, 12 Charles II., recite and revoke letters 
 patent of 16th February, 14 Charles I., whereby the office of Clerk of the Ships 
 had been given to Dennis Flemming and Thomas Barlow, or the survivor. D. F 
 was then dead, but T. B. living, and Samuel Pepys was appointed in his room, 
 at a salary of S31. 6«. 8d. per annum, with 3s. id. for each day employed in 
 travelling, and 61. per annum for boat-hire and all fees due. 
 
lo60 -] SAMUEL PEPYS. gf 
 
 dressed, but very good fish, and plenty. By coach to the 
 Speaker's, where my Lord supped with the King, but I could 
 not get in. 
 
 28th. To Sir G. Downing, the first visit I have made him 
 since he come. He is so stingy a fellow I care not to see 
 him ; I quite cleared myself of his office, and did give him 
 liberty to take anybody in. After this to my Lord, who lay 
 a-bed till eleven o'clock ; it being almost five before he went 
 to-bed, they supped so late last night with the King. This 
 morning I saw poor Bishop Wren 1 going to chapel, it being 
 a thanksgiving-day for the King's return. 
 
 29th. Up and to White Hall, where I got my warrant 
 from the Duke to be Clerk of the Acts. Also I got my 
 Lord's warrant 2 from the Secretary for his honour of Earl of 
 Portsmouth and Viscount Montagu of Hinchingbroke. So 
 to my Lord, to give him an account of what I had done. 
 Then to Sir Geffery Palmer, 3 who told me that my Lord 
 must have some good Latinist to make the preamble to his 
 Patent, which must express his late service in the best terms 
 that he can ; and he told me in what high flaunting terms 
 Sir J. Greenville had caused his to be done, which he do not 
 like ; but that Sir Richard Fanshawe 4 had done General 
 Monk's very well. Then to White Hall, where I was told 
 by Mr. Hutchinson at the Admiralty, that Mr. Barlow, my 
 predecessor, Clerk 5 of the Acts, is yet alive, and coming up 
 to town to look after his place, which made my heart sad a 
 little. At night told my Lord thereof, and he bad me get 
 possession of my Patent ; and he would do all that could be 
 
 1 Matthew Wren, Bishop of Ely. Ob. 1667, aged 82. 
 " See July 10, 1660, and note. 
 
 3 Attorney-General, and Chief Justice of Chester, 1660 ; created a baronet, 1661. 
 Ob. 1670. 
 
 4 Sir Richard Fanshawe, Knight and Baronet, Seoretary to Charles II. in Scot- 
 land, and after the Restoration was sent as Ambassador to Spain, but was super- 
 seded by the Earl of Sandwioh as Extraordinary Ambassador. He was a good 
 linguist, and " gave our language," says Campbell, " some of its earliest and most 
 important translations from modern literature." Ob. 1666. 
 
 ' In a list of the Admiralty officers just before the King came in, preserved in 
 the British Museum, there occur, Richard Hutchinson, Treasury of the Navy, 
 salary. 1500Z. : Thomas Tourner, General Clerk, for himself and jlerk, 100Z. 
 mentioned in the next page. 
 
88 DIARY OF [2d July, 
 
 done to keep him out. This night my Lord and I looked 
 over the list of the Captains, and marked some that my Lord 
 had a mind to put out. 
 
 30th. By times to Sir R. Fanshawe, to draw up the pre- 
 amble to my Lord's Patent. 1 So to my Lord, and with him 
 to White Hall, where I saw a great many fine, antique heads 
 of marble, that my Lord Northumberland 2 had given the 
 King. Meeting Mr. De Cretz, 3 we looked over some of the 
 pieces in the gallery, and he told me [by] whose hands they 
 were, with great pleasure. With Sir Edward Walker for 
 my Lord's pedigree. To White Hall with Mr. Moore, where 
 I met with a letter from Mr. Turner, offering me 150Z. to be 
 joined with me in my patent, and to advise me how to im- 
 prove the advantage of my place, and to keep off Barlow. 
 This day come Will [Wayneman], my boy, to me : the maid 
 continuing lame, so that my wife could not be longer without 
 help. 
 
 July 1st. (Lord's day.) Infinite of business, my heart and 
 head full. Met with Purser Washington, 4 with whom and a 
 lady, a friend of his, I dined at the Bell Tavern in King 
 Street, but the rogue had no more manners than to invite me, 
 and to let me pay my club. This morning come home my 
 fine camlet cloak, with gold buttons, and a silk suit, which 
 cost me much money, and I pray God to make me able to pay 
 for it. In the afternoon to the Abbey, where a good sermon 
 by a stranger, but no Common Prayer yet. 
 
 2d. All the afternoon with my Lord, going up and down 
 the town : at seven at night he went home, and there the 
 principal Officers of the Navy, 5 among the rest myself was 
 
 1 See the Appendix. * Algernon 1 Percy, tenth Earl of Northumberland. 
 
 3 Son of John De Creetz, sergeant-painter to James I. and Charles I. 
 ' See Jan. 17th, 1659-60. 
 
 1 A list of the Officers of the Admiralty, 31st May, 1660. (From a paper in th« 
 E epysian Library, in Pepys's own handwriting.) 
 
 His Royal Highness James, Duke of York, Lord High Admiral. 
 
 Sir George Carteret, Treasurer. 
 
 Sir Robert Slingsby, (soon after) Comptroller. 
 
 Sir William Batten, Surveyor. 
 
 Samuel Pepys, Esq., Clerk of the Acts. 
 
 John, Lord Berkeley, [of Stratton] ■) 
 
 Sir William Penn, > Commissioners. 
 
 Pster Pett, Esq. J 
 
I860.! SAMUEL PEPTS. §9 
 
 reckoned one. We had order to meet to-morrow, to draw up 
 such an order of the Council as would put us into action be- 
 fore our patents were passed. At which my heart was glad. 
 At night supped with my Lord, he and I together, in the 
 great dining-room alone by ourselves, the first time I ever 
 did it in London. 
 
 3d. The Officers and Commissioners of the Navy all met 
 at Sir G. Carteret's 1 chamber, and agreed upon orders for 
 the Council to supersede the old ones, and empower us to act. 
 Dined with Mr. Stephens, the Treasurer of the Navy, and 
 Mr. Turner, to whom I offered 50Z. out of my own purse for 
 one year, and the benefit of a Clerke's allowance beside, 
 which he thanked me for ; but I find he hath some design yet 
 in his head, which I could not think of. In the afternoon 
 my heart was quite pulled down, by being told that Mr. Bar- 
 low was to inquire to-day for Mr. Coventry ; but at night I 
 met with my Lord, who told me that I need not fear, for he 
 would get me the place against the world. And when I come 
 to W. Howe, he told me that Dr. Petty had been with my 
 Lord, and did tell him that Barlow was a sickly man, and did 
 not intend to execute the place himself, which put me in great 
 comfort again. 
 
 4th. Up early, and with Commissioner Pett to view the 
 houses in Seething Lane, belonging to the Navy, where I 
 find the worst very good, and had great fears that they will 
 shuffle me out of them, which troubles me. To Mr. Backe- 
 well's, the goldsmith, where I took my Lord's 1001. in plate 
 for Mr. Secretary Nicholas, and my own piece of plate, being 
 a state dish and cup in chased work for Mr. Coventry, cost 
 me about 191. Carried these and the money by coach to my 
 Lord's at White Hall, and from thence carried Nicholas's 
 plate to his house and left it there, intending to speak with 
 
 1 Sir George Carteret had originally been bred to the sea service, and became 
 Comptroller of the Navy to Charles I., and Governor of Jersey, where he obtained 
 considerable reputation by his gallant defence of that Island against the Parlia- 
 ment forces. At the Restoration, he was made Vice-Chamberlain to the King, 
 Treasurer of the Navy, and a Privy Councillor; and in 1661 was elected M.P. for 
 Portsmouth. He continued in favour with his sovereign till his death, in 1679, 
 t»i. snse 80. He married his cousin Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Cartereti 
 •f St. Ouen, and had issue three sons and five daughters. 
 
 11* 
 
90 DIARY OF [5th July, 
 
 him anon. So to my Lord's, and walking all the afternoon 
 in White Hall Court, in expectation of what shall be done in 
 the Council as to our business. It was strange to see how all 
 the people flocked together bare, to see the King looking out 
 of the Council window. At night my Lord told me how my 
 orders that I drew last night, about giving us power to act, 
 are granted by the Council, at which I was very glad. 
 
 5th. This morning, my brother Tom brought me my jacka- 
 napes coat with silver buttons. It rained this morning, which 
 makes us fear that the glory of this day will be lost ; the 
 King and Parliament being to be entertained by the City to- 
 day with great pomp. 1 Mr. Hater 2 was with me to-day, and 
 I agreed with him to be my clerke. Being at White Hall, I 
 saw the King, the Dukes, and all their attendants go forth in 
 the rain to the City, and it spoiled many a fine suit of clothes. 
 I was forced to walk all the morning in White Hall, not 
 knowing how to get out because of the rain. Met with Mr. 
 Cooling, 3 my Lord Chamberlain's secretary, who took me to 
 dinner among the gentleman waiters, and after dinner into 
 the wine-cellar. He told me how he had a project for all us 
 Secretaries to join together, and get money by bringing all 
 business into our hands. Thence to the Admiralty, where 
 Mr. Blackburne and I (it beginning to hold up) went and 
 walked an hour or two in the Park, he giving of me light in 
 many things in my way in this office that I go about. And 
 in the evening I got my presents of plate carried to Mr. 
 Coventry's. At my Lord's at night comes Dr. Petty to me, 
 to tell me that Barlow was come to town, and other things, 
 which put me into a despair, and I went to bed very sad. 
 
 1 July 5th. His Majesty, the two Dukes, the House of Lords, and the House 
 of Commons, and the Privy Council, dined at the Guildhall. Every Hall ap- 
 peared with their colours and streamers to attend His Majesty; the Masters in 
 gold chains. Twelve pageants in the streets between Temple Ear and Guildhall. 
 Forty brace of bucks were that day spent in the City of London." — Rugge'a 
 Diurnal. 
 
 3 Thomas Hater. He remained with Pepys for some time ; and by his assistance 
 was made Petty Purveyor of Petty Missions. 
 
 ' Richard Cooling, or'Coling, A.M., of All-Souls' College, Secretary to the Earls 
 of Manchester and Arlington, when they filled the office of Lord Chamberlain, 
 and a Clerk of the Privy Council in ordinary. There is a mezzotinto print of him 
 in the Pepysian Library. 
 
I860.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 91 
 
 6th. In the afternoon my Lord and I, and Mr. Coventry 
 and Sir G. Carteret, went and took possession of the Navy 
 Office, whereby my mind was a little cleared, but my hopes 
 not great. From thence Sir G. Carteret and I to the 
 Treasurer's Office, where he set some things in order. At 
 my Lord's in the dark. William Howe and I did sing 
 extempores. 
 
 7th. I took an order for the advance of the salaries of the 
 officers of the Navy, and mine is raised to 350Z. per annum. 
 
 8th. (Lord's day.) To White Hall chapel, where I got in 
 with ease by going before the Lord Chancellor with Mr. 
 Kipps. Here I heard very good musique, the first time that 
 ever I remember to have heard the organs, and singing-men 
 in surplices in my life. The Bishop of Chichester : preached 
 before the King, and made a great flattering sermon, which I 
 did not like that the clergy should meddle with matters of 
 State. Dined with Mr. Luellin and Salisbury at a cook's 
 shop. Home, and staid all the afternoon with my wife till 
 after sermon. There till Mr. Fairebrother 2 come to call us 
 out to my father's to supper. He told me how he had per- 
 fectly procured me to be made Master in Arts by proxy, 3 
 which did somewhat please me, though I remember my 
 cousin Eoger Pepys * was the other day persuading me from it. 
 
 9th. To the Navy Office, 5 where in the afternoon we met 
 
 1 Henry King, Dean of Rochester, advanced to the See of Chichester, 1641. Ob. 
 1669. 
 
 a William Fairbrother, in 1661 made D.D. at Cambridge per regias litteras. He 
 was Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, and Senior Proctor of the University. 
 He was taken prisoner at tbe battle of Naseby, whilst fighting on the King's side, 
 and sent to London. — Cole's MSS.. vol. xv., p. 122. 
 
 3 The Grace which passed the University on this occasion is preserved in 
 Kennett's Register, and commenced as follows : — Cum Sam. Pepys, Coll. Magd. 
 Inceptor in Artibns in Regia Classe existat e Secretis, exindeq. apud mare adeo 
 occnpatissimus ut Comitiis proxime futuris interesse non possit; placet vobis ut 
 dictus S. P. admissionem suam, necnon creationem recipiat ad gradum Magistri 
 in Artibus sub persona Timothei Wellfit, Inceptoris, Ac. — June 26, 1660. See also 
 Diary, Aug. 14, 1660. 
 
 * Roger Pepys, a Barrister, M.P. for Cambridge, 1661, and afterwards Recorder 
 of that town. 
 
 * The Navy Office was erected on the site of Lumley House, formerly belonging 
 to the Fratres Sanctse Crucis (or Crutched Friars), and all business connected with 
 Naval concerns was transacted there, till its removal to Somerset House. The 
 ground is now occupied by the East India Company's warehouses. 
 
92 DIAKYOF pith July, 
 
 and sat, and there I begun to sign bills in the Office the first 
 time. 
 
 10th. This day I put on my new silk suit, the first that 
 ever I wore in my life. Home, and called my wife, and took 
 •her to Clodin's to a great wedding of Nan Hartlib to Mynheer 
 Roder, 1 which was kept at Goring House 2 with very great 
 state, cost, and noble company. But among all the beauties 
 there, my wife was thought the greatest. And finding my 
 Lord in White Hall garden, I got him to go to the Secretary's, 
 which he did, and desired the despatch of his and my bills to 
 be signed by the King. His bill is to be Earl of Sandwich, 5 
 Viscount Hinchingbroke, and Baron of St. Neot's. Home, 
 with my mind pretty quiet : not returning, as I said I would, 
 to see the bride put to bed. 
 
 11th. With Sir W. Pen by water to the Navy Office, 
 where we met, and despatched business. And that being 
 done, we went all to dinner to the Dolphin, upon Major 
 Brown's invitation. After that, to the office again, where I 
 was vexed, and so was Commissioner Pett, to see a busy 
 fellow come to look out the best lodgings for my Lord Barkley, 
 [of Stratton,] and the combining between him and Sir W. 
 Pen ; and, indeed, was troubled much at it. 
 
 1 Afterwards knighted, Aug. 5, 1660, as Sir John Roder. See Diary, Aug. 7, 
 1660. Le Neve calls him Roth, and says he was of Utrecht. Nan Hartlib waB 
 Bister to Samuel Hartlib. 
 
 3 Goring House was burnt in 1674, at which time Lord Arlington resided in it. 
 The magnificence of Goring House is fully described by Evelyn, and its destruc- 
 tion by fire. The title of its owner is preserved in Arlington Street. "This was 
 the town residence of George Lord Goring, Earl of Norwich, and of his son, the 
 second peer, who died s. p. in 1670. The house occupied the site of the Mulberry 
 Gardens, upon which Buckingham Palace now stands. It was let to Lord Arling- 
 ton, by the second Earl of Norwich, and called after the tenant." — Cunningham's 
 Hand-Book of London, p. 206, edit. 1850. 
 
 1 The motive for Sir Edward Montagu's so suddenly altering his intended title 
 is not explained; probably, the change was adopted as a compliment to the Town 
 of Sandwich, off which the Fleet was lying, before it sailed to bring Charles from 
 Scheveling. Montagu had also received marked attentions from Sir John Boys 
 and other principal men at Sandwich j and it may be recollected as an additional 
 reason, that one or both of the seats for that borough have usually been placed a* 
 the disposal of the Admiralty. The title of Portsmouth was given, in 1673, for 
 Tier life, to the celebrated Louise de Querouaille, and, becoming extinct with her, 
 was, in 1743, conferred upon John Wallop, Viscount Lymington, the ancestor of 
 the present Earl of Portsmouth. 
 
l g 60.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 93 
 
 12th. Up early, and by coach to White Hall with Com- 
 missioner Pett, where, after we had talked with my Lord, I 
 went to the Privy Seal, and got my bill perfected there, and 
 at the Signet ; and then to the House of Lords, and met with 
 Mr. Kipps, who directed me to Mr. Beale to get my patent 
 engrossed ; but, he not having time to get it done in Chan- 
 cery-hand, I was forced to run all up and down Chancery 
 Lane and the Six Clerks' Office, but could find none that 
 could write the hand that were at leisure. And so in despair 
 went to the Admiralty, where we met the first time there, 
 my Lord Montagu, my Lord Barkley, [of Stratton,] Mr. 
 Coventry, and all the rest of the principal Officers and 
 Commissioners, except only the Comptroller, who is not yet 
 chosen. 
 
 13th. Up early, the first day that I put on my black camlett 
 coat with silver buttons. To Mr. Spong, whom I found in 
 his night-gown writing of my patent. It being done, we 
 carried it to Worcester House, 1 to the Chancellor, where Mr. 
 Kipps (a strange providence that he should now be in a con- 
 dition to do me a kindness) got me the Chancellor's recipe to 
 my bill ; and so carried it to Mr. Beale for a docket ; but 
 he was very angry, and unwilling to do it, because he said it 
 was ill writ (because I had got it writ by another hand, and 
 not by him) ; but by much importunity I got Mr. Spong to 
 go to his office and make an end of my patent ; and in the 
 mean time Mr. Beale to be preparing my docket, which being 
 done, I did give him two pieces, after which it was strange 
 how civil and tractable he was to me. Met with Mr. Spong, 
 who still would be giving me council of getting my patent 
 out, for fear of another change, and my Lord Montagu's fall. 
 At the Navy Office I got leave to have a door made me into 
 the leads. After that to Worcester House, where, by Mr. 
 Kipps's means, and my pressing in General Montagu's name 
 to the Chancellor, I did, beyond all expectation, get my seal 
 passed ; and while it was doing in one room, I was forced to 
 
 1 The Earls of Worcester had a large house in the Strand on the water-side, on 
 what is now Beaufort Buildings, which Lord Clarendon rented while his own was 
 building. See also Aug. 20, 1660, and iug. 19, 1661. 
 
 I 
 
94 DIAIfS OF [15th July 
 
 keep Sir Gr. Carteret (who by chance met me there, ignorant 
 of my business) in talk. To my wife, whom I had left in a 
 coach, and presented her with my patent, at which she was 
 overjoyed ; so to the Navy Board, and showed her my house, 1 
 and both mightily pleased. I to my Lord's, where I despatched 
 an order for a ship to fetch Sir R. Honywood home, for which 
 I got two pieces. Late writing letters ; and great doings of 
 musique at the next house, which was Whally's ; the King 
 and Dukes there with Madame Palmer, 2 a pretty woman 
 that they had a fancy to, to make her husband a cuckold. 
 Here at the old door that did go into his lodgings, my Lord, 
 I, and W. Howe,' did stand listening a great while to the 
 musique. 
 
 14th. Comes in Mr. Pagan Fisher, 3 the poet, and promises 
 me what he had long ago done, a book in praise of the King 
 of France, with my arms, and a dedication to me, very hand- 
 some. Took Mr. Butler (Monsieur L'Impertinent) to see my 
 house, and did give him a glass of wine at Rawlinson's, and 
 was trimmed in the street. 
 
 15th. (Lord's day.) My wife and I mightily pleased with 
 our new house that we hope to have. My patent has cost 
 me a great deal of money ; about 40Z. In the afternoon to 
 Henry the Seventh's Chapel, where I heard service and a 
 sermon. Dined with my Lord, whom I find plainly to 
 
 1 In Seething Lane. See July 18th, infra. 
 
 3 Barbara Villiera, only child of William Viscount Grandison, wife of Roger 
 Palmer, created Earl of Castlemaine, 1661. She became the King's mistress at 
 the Restoration, and was in 1670 made Duchess of Cleveland. She died 1709, 
 aged sixty-nine. One of her sons by Charles II. was created Duke of Grafton. 
 See note to Jan. 17, 1661-62. 
 
 3 Payne Fisher, who styled himself Paganus Piscator, was born in 1616, in 
 Dorsetshire, and removed from Hart Hall, Oxford, of which he had been a com- 
 moner, to Magdalene College, Cambridge, in 1634; and there took a degree of 
 B.A., and first discovered a turn for poetry. He was afterwards a Captain in the 
 King's service at Marston Moor fight; but leaving his command, employed his pen 
 against the cause which he had supported with his sword, and became a favourite 
 of Cromwell's. After the King's return, be obtained a scanty subsistence by 
 flattering men in power, and was frequently imprisoned for debt. He died 1693 
 in the Fleet Prison (Harl. MS. 1460). He published several posms, chiefly in 
 Latin; and, in 1682, printed a book of Heraldry, with the arms of such of the 
 gentry as he had waited upon with presentation copies. He was a man of talents, 
 but vain, unsteady, and conceited, and a great time-server. 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 95 
 
 be a sceptic in all things of religion, but to be a perfect 
 stoic. 
 
 17th. This morning (as indeed all the mornings nowa- 
 days) much business at my Lord's. There come to my 
 house before I went out Mr. Barlow, 1 an old consumptive 
 man, and fair conditioned. After much talk, I did grant 
 him what he asked, viz. 501. per annum if my salary be not 
 increased, and 100Z. per annum in case it be 350Z., at which 
 he was very well pleased to be paid as I received my 
 money, and not otherwise ; so I brought him to my Lord's 
 bedside, and he and I did agree together. Will, 2 Mr. 
 Blackburne's nephew, is so obedient, that I am greatly glad 
 of him. 
 
 18th. This morning we met at the office : I dined at my 
 house in Seething Lane. 
 
 19th. At the Dog Tavern. We did talk of our old dis- 
 course when we did use to 'talk of the King, in the time of 
 the Rump, privately ; after that to the Admiralty Office, in 
 White Hall, where I stayed and writ my late observations 
 for these four days last past. Great talk of the difference 
 between the Episcopal and Presbyterian Clergy, but I believe 
 it will come to nothing. 
 
 20th. I sent my wife to my father's, and he is to buy 51. 
 worth of pictures. 
 
 21st. To Mr. Barlow at his lodgings at the Golden 
 Eagle, in the new street 3 between Fetter Lane and Shoe 
 Lane. Dined at a club, where we had three voices to 
 sing catches. About business of my Lord's concerning his 
 creation. 4 
 
 1 See ante, June 27th, and note. 
 
 3 William Hewer, of whose family nothing more is known except that his father 
 died of the plague, 14th Sept. 1665. He hecame afterwards a Commissioner of 
 the ITavy, and Treasurer for Tangier ; and was the constant companion of Pepys, 
 who died in his house at Clapham, previously the residence of Sir Dennis Gauden, 
 Mr. Hewer was huried in the old church at Clapham, where a large monument of 
 marble, with his bust in alto-relievo, erected to his memory, was, on the rebuilding 
 of the church, placed outside, and in November, 1852, nearly destroyed. See the 
 Appendix for the inscription. 
 
 * Still known as New Street, in which is the Queen's Printing Office. 
 
 * In the peerage. 
 
96 DIARA OF [25th July, 
 
 22d. (Lord's day.) After dinner to White Hall, where I 
 find my Lord at home, and walked in the garden with him, 
 he showing me all respect. I left him, and went to walk in 
 the inward Park, but could not get in ; one man was basted 
 by the keeper, for carrying some people over on his back 
 through the water. Home, and at night had a chapter 
 read ; and I read prayers out of the Common Prayer Book, 
 the first time that ever I read prayers in this house. So 
 to bed. 
 
 23d. Mr. Barlow and I signed and sealed our agreement. 
 After dinner to my Lord, who took me to Secretary Nicholas ; l 
 and before him and Secretary Morris, 2 my Lord and I upon 
 our knees together took our oaths of Allegiance and Supre- 
 macy, and the Oath of the Privy Seal, of which I was much 
 glad, though I am not likely to get any thing by it at present ; 
 but I do desire it, for fear of a turn-out of our office. Mr. 
 Barlow by appointment came and dined with me, and both 
 of us very pleasant and pleased. 
 
 24th. To White Hall, where I did acquaint Mr. Watkins 
 with my being sworn into the Privy Seal, at which he was 
 much troubled, but did offer me a kinsman of his to be my 
 clerk. In the afternoon I spent much time in walking in 
 White Hall Court with Mr. BickerstafFe, 3 who was very glad 
 of my Lord's being sworn, because of his business with his 
 brother Baron, 3 which is referred to my Lord Chancellor, and 
 to be ended to-morrow. Baron had got a grant beyond sea, 
 to come in before the reversionary of the Privy Seal. 
 
 25th. I got my certificate of my Lord's and my being 
 3Worn. This morning my Lord took leave of the House of 
 Commons, and had the thanks of the House for his great 
 service to his country. 4 We met Mr. L'Impertinent : with his 
 mother and sisters and father coming from the Gatehouse, 
 
 1 Sir Edward Nicholas, many years principal Secretary of State to Charles the 
 First and Second ; dismissed, in 1663, from his office through the intrigues of Lady 
 Castlemaine, and ob. 1669, aged seventy-seven. 
 
 a Sir William Morris, Secretary of State from 1660 to 1668. Ob. 1676. He wa« 
 kins nan to G-eneral Monk. 
 
 3 They were both clerks of the Privy Seal. 
 
 4 In the Journals this is stated to have taken place July 24th. 
 1 Mr. Butler : see ante, 14th July. 
 
i6 60-] SAMUEL PEPYS. 97 
 
 where they lodge, and I did the first time salute them all, 
 and very pretty Madame Frances 1 is. 
 
 26th. Early to White Hall, thinking to have a meeting of 
 my Lord and the principal officers, hut my Lord could not, 
 it heing the day that he was to go and he admitted in the 
 House of Lords, his patent being done, which he presented 
 upon his knees to the Speaker ; and so it was read in the 
 House, and he took his place. T. Doling carried me to St. 
 James's Fair, 2 and there meeting with W. Symons and his 
 wife, and Luellin, and D. Scobell's wife and cousin, we went 
 to Wood's at the Pell Mell (our old house for clubbing), and 
 there we spent till ten at night. 
 
 27th. I find myself worth about 100L after all my expenses. 
 We got a coach, but the horses were tired, and could not 
 carry us farther than St. Dunstan's. 
 
 28th. A boy brought me a letter from Poet Fisher, who 
 tells me that he is upon a panegyrique of the King, and 
 desired to borrow a piece of me ; and I sent him half a piece. 
 To Westminster, and there met Mr. Henson, who had 
 formerly had the brave clock that went with bullets 3 (which 
 is now taken away from him by the King, it being his 
 goods.) 
 
 29th. (Lord's day.) With my Lord to White Hall Chapel, 
 where I heard a cold sermon of the Bishop of Salisbury's, 
 
 1 Mr. Butler's sister: see 17th June, 1660, and 23rd June, 1661. 
 
 3 In August of the following year, the Pair, called St. James's Fair, was kept 
 the full appointed time, being a fortnight; during which time many lewd and 
 infamous persons were committed by the King's commands. — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 It was afterwards known as May Fair, and not finally abolished till the reign of 
 George III. See art. " St. James's Fair," in Handbook of London, p. 255, edit. 
 1850. 
 
 3 Some clocks are still made with a small ball, or bullet, on an inclined plane, 
 which turns every minute. The King's clocks probably dropped bullets. Gains- 
 borough the painter had a brother who was a dissenting minister at Henley-on- 
 Thames, and possessed a strong genius for mechanics. He invented a clock of a 
 very peculiar construction, which, after his death, was deposited in the British 
 Museum. It told the hour by a little bell, and was kept in motion by a leaden 
 bullet, which dropped from a spiral reservoir at the top of the clock, into a little 
 ivory bucket. This was so contrived as to discharge it at the bottom, and by 
 means of a counter- weight was carried up to the top of the clock, where it received 
 another bullet, which was discharged as the former. This seems to have been an 
 attempt at the perpetual motion. — Gentleman's Mag. 1785, p. 931. 
 
 Vol. I.— 12 
 
98 DIAKY OF [2d August, 
 
 Duppa's, 1 and the ceremonies did not please me, they do so 
 overdo them. My Lord went to dinner at Kensington with 
 my Lord Camden. 2 
 
 30th. This afternoon I got my 501., due to me for my first 
 quarter's salary as Secretary to my Lord, paid to Thomas 
 Hater for me, which he received and brought home to me, of 
 which I felt glad. At the Rhenish wine-house, drinking, 
 The sword-bearer of London (Mr. Man) came to ask for us, 
 with ■whom we sat late, discoursing about the worth of my 
 office of Clerk of the Acts, which he hath a mind to buy, and 
 I asked four years' purchase. 
 
 31st. To White Hall, where my Lord and the principal 
 officers met, and had a great discourse about raising of money 
 for the Navy, which is in very sad condition, and money must 
 be raised for it. Mr. Blackburne, Dr. Clerke, and I, to the 
 Quaker, and dined there. I back to the Admiralty, and there 
 was doing things in order to the calculating of the debts of 
 the Navy and other business, all the afternoon. At night I 
 went to the Privy Seal, where I found Mr. Crofts and 
 Mathews making up all their things to leave the office to- 
 morrow, to those that come to wait the next month. 
 
 August 1st. In the afternoon at the office, where we had 
 many things to sign ; and I went to the Council Chamber, 
 and there got my Lord to sign the first bill, and the rest all 
 myself; but received no money to-day. 
 
 2d. To Westminster by water with Sir W. Batten and Sir 
 W. Pen, (our servants in another boat) to the Admiralty; 
 and from thence I went to my Lord's to fetch him thither, 
 where we stayed in the morning about ordering of money for 
 the victuallers, and advising how to get a sum of money to 
 carry on the business of the Navy. From thence W. Hewer 
 and I to the office of Privy Seal, where I stayed all the after- 
 noon, and received about 40Z. for yesterday and to-day, at 
 which my heart rejoiced for God's blessing to me, to give me 
 
 * Brian Duppa, successively Bishop of Chichester, Salisbury, and Winchester. 
 Ob. 1662. 
 
 a Baptist Noel, second Viscount Campden, Lord Lieutenant of Rutlandshire. 
 Ob. 1683. Campden House was occupied in 1846 as a Ladies' School; it contained 
 jome fine rooms, of which engravings have been made. 
 
««'•] SAMUEL PEPTS. 99 
 
 this advantage by chance, there being of this 407. about 107. 
 due to me for this day's work. So great is the present 
 profit of this office, above what it was in the King's time : 
 there being the last month about 300 bills, whereas in the 
 late King's time it was much to have 40. I went and cast 
 up the expense that I laid out upon my former house (be- 
 cause there are so many that are desirous of it, and I am, in 
 my mind, loth to let it go out of my hands, for fear of a 
 turn. I find my layings-out to come to about 207., which 
 with my fine will come to about 227. to him that shall hire 
 my house ' of me. 
 
 3d. By coach with my wife to Dr. Clerke's to dinner. I 
 was very much taken with his lady, a comely, proper woman, 
 though not handsome, but a woman of the best language I 
 ever heard. 2 
 
 4th. To White Hall, where I found my Lord gone with 
 the King by water to dine at the Tower with Sir J. Robinson, 
 Lieutenant. 3 I found my Lady Jemimah 4 at my Lord's, 
 with whom I staid and dined, all alone ; after dinner at the 
 Privy Seal Office, signing things and taking money all day. 
 I could not go to the Red Bull playhouse 5 as I intended. So 
 to a committee of Parliament, (Sir Heneage Finch, 6 chair- 
 man) to give them an answer to an order of theirs, " that we 
 could not give them any account of the Accounts of the Navy 
 m the years 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, as they desire." 
 
 5th. (Lord's day.) After dinner to St. Margaret's; the 
 first time I ever heard Common Prayer in that church. At 
 Westminster stairs a fray between Mynheer Clinke and a 
 waterman made good sport. 
 
 6th. This night Mr. Man offered me 10007. for my office of 
 
 1 In Axe Yard. 
 
 a Compare 2d May, 1662; 13th Jan., 1662-3; and 6th July, 1664. 
 
 3 Sir John Robinson, created a baronet for his services to Charles II. 1680, and 
 had an augmentation to his arms. He was Lord Mayor of London, 1663. Ha 
 retained the Lieutenancy of the Tower till 1678. A portrait of him is at Mr. 
 Vernon Smith's, at Farming Woods, in Northamptonshire. 
 
 4 Lady Jemima Montagu. 
 
 1 It stood in St. John's Street, on what is now Red Bull Yard, St. John Street 
 Road. See 23d March, 1661. 
 
 'Solicitor General, 1660; Lord Keeper, 1673: Chancellor, 1675; created Eas 
 of Nottingham, 1681. Ob. 1682. 
 
20Q DIAET OF [10th August, 
 
 Clerk of the Acts, which made my mouth water ; but yet I 
 dare not take it till I speak -with my Lord to have his consent. 
 
 7th. Mr. Moore and myself dined at my Lord's with Mr. 
 Shepley. While I was at dinner in come Samuel Hartlibb 1 
 and his brother-in-law, 2 now knighted by the King, to request 
 my promise of a ship for them to Holland, which I had pro- 
 mised to get for them. After dinner to the Privy Seal all 
 the afternoon. At night, meeting Samuel Hartlibb, he took 
 me by coach to Kensington, to my Lord of Holland's ; I staid 
 in the coach while he went in about his business. 
 
 8th. To Mr. Butler's, to see his daughters. We found 
 them very pretty, and Colonel Dillon 3 there, a very merry 
 and witty companion. 
 
 9th. With Judge-Advocate Fowler, Mr. Creed, and Mr. 
 Shepley, to the Rhenish wine-house," and Captain Hayward 
 of the Plymouth, who is now ordered to carry my Lord Win- 
 chilsea Embassador to Constantinople. We were very merry, 
 and Judge- Advocate did give Captain Hayward his Oath of 
 Allegiance and Supremacy. 
 
 10th. With Mr. Moore and Creed to Hyde Park by coach, 
 and saw a fine foot-race three times round the Park, between 
 an Irishman and Crow, that was once my Lord Claypoole's 5 
 footman. (By the way, I cannot forget that my Lord Clay- 
 poole did the other day make inquiry of Mrs. Hunt concern- 
 ing my house in Axe Yard, and did set her on work to get it 
 of me for him, which methinks is a very great change.) Crow 
 beat the other by above two miles. Unable to think of any 
 
 1 Samuel HartHb, son of a Polish merchant, and author of several ingenious 
 works on agriculture, for which he had a pension from Cromwell. 
 7 Sir John Roder, or Roth. See ante, July 10th. 
 
 3 Frances Butler's suitor: see ante, 25th July, and post, 31st Dec. 1662. 
 
 4 In Channel, now Cannon Row, Westminster, at the end of a passage leading 
 from King Street. It is mentioned again Nov. 24, 1660. There was another 
 Rhenish wine-house in Crooked Lane. See May 23, 1661. 
 
 1 John Lorn Claypole married, 1645, Mary, second daughter of Oliver Cromwell, 
 to whom he became Master of the Horse, and a Lord of the Bedchamber : he was 
 also placed in his father-in-law's Upper House. During Richard Cromwell's time 
 he retained all his places at Court; and at the Restoration, never having made an 
 enemy whilst his relations were in power, he was not molested, and lived till 1688. 
 His father had been proceeded against in the Star Chamber, for resisting the pay- 
 ment of Ship Money, and was by Cromwell constituted Clerk of the Hanaper, and 
 created a baronet. 
 
>6«0.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 101 
 
 thing, because of my constant business, not having read a 
 new book or inquiring after any news. Many people look 
 after my house in Axe Yard, to hire it, so that I am troubled 
 with them. But blessed be God for my good chance of the 
 Privy Seal, where I get every day I believe about 31 This 
 place my Lord did give me by chance, neither he nor I think- 
 ing it to be of the worth that he and I find it to be. 
 
 12th. (Lord's day.) To my Lord, and with him to "White 
 Hall Chapel, where Mr. Calamy preached, and made a good 
 sermon upon these words, " To whom much is given, of him 
 much is required." He was very officious with his three 
 reverences to the King, as others do. After sermon a brave 
 anthem of Captain Cooke's, 1 which he himself sung, and the 
 King was well pleased with it. My Lord dined at my Lord 
 Chamberlain's. 2 
 
 13th. My father tells me that he hath propounded Mr. 
 John Pickering for Sir Thomas Honywood's daughter, which 
 I think he do not deserve for his own merit. I know not 
 what he may do for his estate. 
 
 14th. To the Privy Seal, and thence to my Lord's, where 
 Mr. Pirn, the tailor, and I agreed upon making me a velvet 
 coat. From thence to the Privy Seal again, where Sir 
 Samuel Morland come with a baronet's grant to pass, which 
 the King had given him to make money of. Here we staid 
 with him a great while ; and he told me the whole manner 
 of his serving the King in the time of the Protector ; and 
 how Thurloe's bad usage made him to do it ; how he dis- 
 covered Sir R. Willis, and how he had sunk his fortune for 
 the King ; and that now the King had given him a pension 
 of 5001. per annum out of the Post Office for life, and the 
 benefit of two baronets ; all which do make me begin to think 
 that he is not so much a fool as I took him to be. 3 I did 
 make even with Mr. Fairebrother for my degree of Master 
 
 * Henry Cooke, who had served id the Royal army, and obtained a. captain's 
 commission, was made, at the Restoration, Master of the Children of the Chapel 
 Royal ,• he was an excellent musician; and died in 1672. He was one of the 
 original performers in the Siege of Rhodes. Captains Cooke and Cocke require tc 
 be accurately distinguished. 
 
 a The Earl of Manchester. * See 15th May, 1660. 
 
 12* 
 
102 DIARY OF [19th August, 
 
 of Arts, 1 which cost me about 91. 16s. At night good sport, 
 having the girl and boy to comb my head. 
 
 15th. To the office, and after dinner by water to White 
 Hall, where I found the King gone this morning by five of 
 the clock to see a Dutch pleasure-boat 2 below bridge, where 
 he dines, and my Lord with him. The King do tire all his 
 people that are about him with early rising since he come. 
 
 16th. My Lord took leave, and so for Hinchingbroke. 
 My Lady Jemimah and Mr. Thomas Crewe in the coach 
 with him. 
 
 17th. At the Half Moon I saw Mr. Creed show the strangest 
 emotions to shift off his drink I ever saw. 
 
 18th. Towards Westminster by water. I landed my wife 
 .at Whitefriars, with 51. to buy her a petticoat, and my father 
 persuaded her to buy a most fine cloth, of 26s. a yard, and a 
 rich lace, that the petticoat will come to 51. ; but she doing it 
 very innocently, I could not be angry. Captain Ferrers took 
 me and Creed to the Cockpit play, the first that I have had 
 time to see since my coming from sea, " The Loyall Subject," 3 
 where one Kinaston, 4 a boy, acted the Duke's sister [Olympia], 
 but made the loveliest lady that ever I saw in my life. After 
 the play done, we went to drink, and, by Captain Ferrers' 
 means, Kinaston, and another that acted Archas the General, 
 came and drank with us. 
 
 19th. (Lord's day.) This morning Sir William Batten, 
 Pen, and myself, went to church to the churchwardens, to 
 demand a pew, which at present could not be given us ; but 
 we are resolved to have one built. So we staid, and heard 
 Mr. Mills, 5 a very good minister. Home to dinner, where 
 
 1 See ante, July 8th, and note. 
 
 * Afterwards noticed in Nov. 8th, 1660, and Jan. 13th, 1660-61. 
 
 3 A Tragi-comedy, by Beaumont and Fletcher. 
 
 4 Edward Kynaston, engaged by Sir W. Davenant, in 1660, to perform the prin 
 cipal female characters : he afterwards assumed the male ones in the first parts of 
 tragedy, and continued on the stage till the end of King William's reign. He 
 died in 1712. Who played Archas is unknown ; but Betterton, as Downes tells us, 
 was early distinguished for playing in The Loyal Subject. 
 
 ' Daniel Milles, D.D., thirty-two years rector of St. Olaves, Hart Street, and 
 buried there October, 1689, aged sixty-three. In 1667, Sir Robert Brooks 
 presented bim to the rectory of Wanstead, in Essex, which he also held till hii 
 death. 
 
I860.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 103 
 
 my wife had on her new petticoat that she bought yesterday, 
 which indeed is a very fine cloth and a fine lace ; but that 
 being of a light colour, and the lace all silver, it makes no 
 great shew. 
 
 20th. This afternoon at the Privy Seal, where reckoning 
 with Mr. Moore, he had got 100Z. for me together, which I 
 was glad of, guessing that the profit of this month would 
 come to 100Z. With W. Hewer by coach to Worcester 
 House, 1 where I light, sending him home with the 100Z. that 
 I received to-day. Here I staid, and saw my Lord Chan- 
 cellor come into his Great Hall, where wonderful how much 
 company there was to expect him. Before he would begin 
 any business, he took my papers of the state of the debts of 
 the Fleet, and there viewed them before all the people, and- 
 did give me his advice privately how to order things to get as 
 much money as we can of the Parliament. 
 
 21st. I met Mr. Crewe and dined with him, where there 
 dined one Mr. Hickeman, 2 an Oxford man, who spoke very 
 much against the height of the now old clergy, for putting 
 out many of the religious fellows of colleges, and inveighing 
 against them for their being drunk. To the Brazen Nose 
 tavern. It being post-night, I wrote to my Lord to give 
 him notice that all things are well ; that General Monk is 
 made Lieutenant of Ireland, which my Lord Roberts 3 (made 
 Deputy) do not like of, to be deputy to any man but the King 
 himself. 
 
 22d. In the House, after the Committee was up, I met 
 with Mr. G. Montagu, and joyed him in his entrance (this 
 being his 3d day) for Dover. Here he made me sit all 
 alone in the House, none but he and I, half an hour, dis- 
 coursing how there was like to be many factions at Court 
 
 1 See ante, 13th July. 
 
 2 Henry Hickman, a native of Worcestershire, took the degree of B.A. at St. 
 Catherine's Hall, Cambridge, and, migrating to Oxford, obtained a fellowship at 
 Magdalen College, from the usurping powers, which he lost in 1660, to make room 
 for the rightful owner. He then retired to Holland, and passed most of his time 
 abroad, dying at Leyder* in 1692. He wrote several theological tracts, and was 
 considered a severe enemy to the ceremonies of the Church of England. 
 
 3 John Robartes, second Lord Robartes, advanced to the Earldom of Radnor, 
 1679. Ob. 1685. He married one of the daughters of Sir John Cutler. 
 
204 DIARY OP [27th August, 
 
 between Marquis Ormond, 1 General Monk, and the Lord 
 Koberts, about the business of Ireland ; as there is already 
 between the two Houses about the Act of Indemnity ; and in 
 the House of Commons, between the Episcopalian and Pres- 
 byterian men. Walked with Mr. Herring, the minister of 
 St. Bride's. 
 
 23d. By water to Doctors' Commons, to Dr. Walker, 2 to 
 give him my Lord's papers to view over, concerning his being 
 empowered to be Vice-Admiral under the Duke of York. 
 With Sir W. B. and Sir W. P. to dinner at a tavern in 
 Thames Street, where they were invited to a roasted haunch 
 of venison and other very good victuals and company. 
 Thence by water to White Hall, to the Parliament House, 
 where I spoke with Colonel Birch, 3 and so to the Admiralty 
 chamber, where we and Mr. Coventry had a meeting about 
 several businesses. Amongst others, it was moved that 
 Phineas Pett, 4 (kinsman to the Commissioner) of Chatham, 
 should be suspended his employment till he had answered 
 some articles put in against him, as that he should formerly 
 say that the King was a bastard and his mother a strumpet. 
 Eat a musk melon, 6 the first I have tasted this year. 
 
 25 th. This night W. Hewer brought me home from Mr. 
 Pirn's my velvet coat and cap, the first that ever I had. 
 
 26th. (Lord's day.) To the parish church, where we are 
 placed in the highest pew of all. A stranger preached a 
 tedious long sermon. To church again in the afternoon with 
 my wife ; in the garden and on the leads at night. 
 
 27th. Come a vessel of Northdown ale from Mr. Pierce, 
 the purser, to me, and a brave Turkey-carpet and a jar of 
 olives from Captain Cuttance, and a pair of fine turtle-doves 
 from John Burr to my wife. Major Hart come to me, 
 
 1 James Butler, afterwards created Duke of Ormond, and K.G., and twice Lord 
 Lieutenant of Ireland. 
 
 2 One of the Judges of the Admiralty. 
 
 a Colonel John Birch represented Leominster at that time, and afterwards 
 Penryn. He was an active Member of Parliament. 
 
 4 Employed by the Admiralty as a ship-builder. 
 
 ' Melons were hardly known in England till Sir George Gardiner brought one 
 from Spain, when they became in general estimation. The ordinary price was five 
 or six shillings. — Quarterly Review, vol. six., p. 20. 
 
"BO.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 105 
 
 whom I did receive with wine and anchovies, which aade me 
 so dry, that I was ill with them all night, and was fain to 
 have the girl rise and fetch me some drink. 
 
 28th. Colonel Scroope J is this day excepted out of the Act 
 of Indemnity, which has been now long in coming out, but 
 it is expected to-morrow. I carried home 801. from the 
 Privy Seal, by coach. 
 
 29th. My wife discovered my boy Will's [Wayneman] 
 theft, and a great deal more than we imagined, at which I 
 was vexed, and intend to put him away. 
 
 30th. To White Hall, where I met with the Act of 
 Indemnity, (so long talked-of and hoped for) with the Act of 
 Rate for Poll-money, and for judicial proceedings. This the 
 first day that ever I saw my wife wear black patches since 
 we were married. My Lord come to town to-day. 
 
 31st. With my Lord to the Duke's chamber. He is 
 ordered to go suddenly to sea. 
 
 September 1st. All this afternoon sending express to the 
 fleet, to order things against my Lord's coming ; and taking 
 direction of my Lord about some rich furniture to take along 
 with him for the Princess. 2 And talking after this, I hear 
 by Mr. Townsend that there is the greatest preparation 
 against the Prince de Ligne's 3 coming over from the King of 
 Spain, that ever was in England, for their Embassador. 
 
 2d. Sunday to St. Margaret's ; heard a good sermon upon 
 " Teach us the right way," or something like it, wherein he 
 [the preacher] run over all the new tenets in policy and 
 religion, that had brought us into all our late divisions. 
 
 3d. Up, and to Mr. , the goldsmith, where I bought 
 
 my wedding-ring, and there, with much ado, got him to put 
 a gold ring to the jewel which the King of Sweden did give 
 
 * Oolonel Adrian Scrope, one of the persons who sat in judgment upon 
 Charles I. 
 
 4 The Princess of Orange. See ante, note 16th May. 
 
 3 Claude Lamoral, Prince de Ligne, had commanded the cavalry in the Low 
 Countries, was afterwards Viceroy of Sicily, and Governor of Milan. He died 
 at Madrid, in 1679. He had married, by dispensation, his cousin Maria Clara 
 of Nassau, widow of his brother Albert Henry, who had died without issue. In 
 our own time, his descendant, the Prince de Ligne, was Ambassador Extraordinary 
 from Belgium at the coronation of Queen Victoria. 
 
106 DIARY OF [11th Sept 
 
 my Lord : out of which my Lord had now taken the King's 
 picture, and intends to make a George of it. About noon, 
 my Lord, having taken leave of the King in the Shield 
 Gallery, 1 (where I saw with what kindness the King did hug 
 my Lord at his parting) I went over with him and saw him 
 in his coach at Lambeth, and there took leave of him, he 
 going to the Downs. I am to get my Lord a toilet-cap, 
 and comb-case of silk, to make use of in Holland, for he 
 goes to the Hague. 
 
 4th. Looking over the joiners, flooring my dining-room. 
 
 5th. I put away my boy, 2 and tore his indentures. Great 
 news now-a-day of the Duke d'Anjou's 3 desire to marry the 
 Princess Henrietta. Hugh Peters is said to be taken. The 
 Duke of Gloucester is ill, and it is said it will prove the 
 small-pox. 
 
 6th. Sir W. Batten told me how Commissioner Pett did 
 pay himself for the entertainment that he did give the King 
 at Chatham at his coming in, and 20s. a day all the time he 
 was in Holland, which I wonder at. I am unwilling to mix 
 my fortune with him that is going down the wind. Sent all 
 my books to my Lord's, in order to send them to my house 
 that I now dwell in. 
 
 7th. My Lord set sail from the Downs for Holland. 
 
 8th. Drinking a glass of wine late and discoursing with 
 Sir W. Pen. I find him to be a very sociable man, and an 
 able man, and very cunning. 
 
 9th. (Sunday.) Major Hart come to see me in the garden, 
 who tells me that we are all like to be speedily disbanded, 4 
 and then I lose the benefit of a muster. 
 
 10th. News of the Duke's intention to go to-morrow to 
 the fleet for a day or two to meet his sister. 
 
 11th. Landing at the Bear, at the Bridge foot, we saw 
 Southwark fair, I having not at all seen Bartholomew fair. 
 I caused the girl to wash the wainscot of our parlour, which 
 she did very well, which caused my wife and I good sport. 
 
 ' At Whitehall. " See 30th Jane, 1660, and 29th Aug. 1660. 
 
 * Only brother to Lonis XIV.; he became Duke of Orleans on the death of his 
 ancle. 4 The train-bands. 
 
1660 -1 SAMUEL PEPYS. 107 
 
 The Duke of York did go to-day by break of day to the 
 Downs. The Duke of Gloucester ill. The House of Parlia- 
 ment was to adjourn to-day. 
 
 12th. Looking after my workmen, whose laziness do much 
 trouble me. 
 
 13th. My wife went to the burial of a child of my cousin 
 Scott's ; and it is observable that within this month my aunt 
 Wright was brought to bed of two girls, my cousin Stradwick 
 of a girl and boy, and my cousin Scott of a boy, and all died. 
 Mr. Hawley did give me a little black rattoon, 1 painted and 
 gilt. This day the Duke of Gloucester died of the smallpox, 
 by the great negligence of the doctors. 
 
 14th. My mother very ill, at which my heart is very sick. 
 
 15th. To Westminster, where I met with Dr. Castles, who 
 chid me for some error in our Privy Seal business ; among 
 the rest, for letting the fees of the six judges pass unpaid, 
 which I know not what to say to, till I speak to Mr. Moore. 
 I was much troubled, for fear of being forced to pay the 
 money myself. Called at my father's going home, and be- 
 spoke mourning for myself, for the death of the Duke of 
 Gloucester. 
 
 16th. (Lord's day.) My Lord of Oxford, 2 1 am told, is also 
 dead of the smallpox ; in whom his family dies, after 600 years 
 having that honour in their family and name. To the Park, 
 where I saw how far they had proceeded in the Pell-mell, and 
 in making a river through the Park, which I had never seen 
 before since it was begun. Thence to White Hall Garden, 
 where I saw the King in purple 3 mourning for his brother. 
 A gentleman in the Poultry had a great and dirty fall over a 
 water-pipe that lay along the channel. 
 
 17th. I did give my wife 151. to go to buy mourning things 
 for her, which she did. 
 
 18th. This day I heard that the Duke of York, upon the 
 
 1 Probably an Indian rattan cane. 
 
 3 This was untrue. Aubrey de Vere, then twentieth Earl of Oxford, survived 
 till 1702-3, when the title became extinct. 
 
 3 "The Queen-mother of France," says Ward, in his Diary, p. 177, "died at 
 Agrippina, 1*642, and her son Louis, 1643, for whom King Charles mourned in 
 Oxford in purple, which ia Prince's mourning" Query : When was the custom 
 liscontinued ? 
 
1Q£ DIARY OF [23d Sept 
 
 news of the death of his brother yesterday, came hither by 
 post last night. To the Mitre tavern, in Wood Street, (a 
 house of the greatest note in London,) where I met W. Symons 
 and D. Scobell, and their wives, Mr. Samford, Luellin, Chet- 
 wind, one Mr. Vivion, and Mr. White, 1 formerly chaplain to 
 the Lady Protectress, 2 (and still so, and one they say that is 
 likely to get my Lady Frances for his wife.) Here some of 
 us fell to handicap, a sport that I never knew before, which 
 was very good. 
 
 20th. To Major Hart's lodgings in Cannon Street, who 
 used me very kindly with wine and good discourse, particu- 
 larly upon the ill method which Colonel Birch and the Com- 
 mittee use in defending of the army and the navy ; promising 
 the Parliament to save them a great deal of money, when we 
 judge that it will cost the King more than if they had no- 
 thing to do with it, by reason of their delays and scrupulous 
 inquiries into the account of both. 
 
 21st. Upon the water saw the corpse of the Duke of 
 Gloucester brought down Somerset House stairs, to go by 
 water to Westminster, to be buried to-night. 
 
 22d. I bought a pair of short black stockings, to wear 
 over a pair of silk ones for mourning ; and I met with The. 
 Turner and Joyce, buying of things to go into mourning, too, 
 for the Duke, which is now the mode of all the ladies in town. 
 This day, Mr. Edward Pickering is come from my Lord, and 
 says that he left him well in Holland, and that he will be here 
 within three or four days. 
 
 23d. (Lord's day.) Come one from my father's with a 
 black cloth coat, made of my short cloak, to walk up and 
 down in. To the Abbey, where I expected to hear Mr. 
 Baxter or Mr. Rowe preach their farewell sermon, and in 
 
 * According to Noble, Jeremiah White married Lady Frances Cromwell's wait- 
 ing-woman, in Oliver's lifetime, and they lived together fifty years. Lady Frances 
 had two husbands, Mr. Robert Rich and Sir John Russell, of Chippenham, the 
 last of whom she survived fifty-two years, dying 1721-2. The story is, that 
 Oliver found White on his knees to Frances Cromwell, and that, to save himself, 
 he pretended to have been soliciting her interest with her waiting-woman, 
 whom Oliver compelled him to marry. — Noble's Life of Cromwell, vol. ii., p. 
 151, 152. 
 
 3 Oliver Cromwell's wife. 
 
M60.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 109 
 
 Mr. Symons's pew I heard Mr. Rowe. Before sermon I 
 laughed at the reader, who in his prayer desires of God that 
 He would imprint his word on the thumbs of our right hands, 
 and on the right great toes of our right feet. In the midst of 
 the sermon, some plaster fell from the top of the Abbey, that 
 made me and all the rest in our pew afraid, and I wished 
 myself out. This afternoon, the King having news of the 
 Princess being come to Margate, he and the Duke of York 
 went down thither in barges to her. To the Hope Tavern, 
 and sent for Mr. Chaplin, who with Nicholas Osborne and 
 one Daniel come to us, and we drank off two or three quarts 
 of wine, which was very good ; the drawing of our wine 
 causing a great quarrel in the house between the two drawers 
 which should draw us the best, which caused a great deal of 
 noise and falling out till the master parted them, and came 
 up to us, and did give a long account of the liberty that he 
 gives his servants, all alike, to draw what wine they will to 
 please his customers ; and [we] eat above 200 walnuts. 1 
 Nicholas Osborne did give me a barrel of samphire, and 
 showed me the keys of Mardyke 2 Fort, which he that was 
 commander of the fort sent him as a token when the fort was 
 demolished, and I will get them of him if I can. 
 
 24th. I arose from table, and went to the Temple church, 
 where I had appointed Sir W. Batten to meet him; and 
 there at Sir Heneage Finch Solicitor General's chambers, 
 before him and Sir W. Wilde, Recorder of London, (whom 
 we sent for from his chamber) we were sworn justices of peace 
 for Middlesex, Essex, Kent, and Southampton ; with which 
 honour I did find myself mightily pleased, though I am 
 wholly ignorant in the duties of a justice of peace. I went 
 with Monsieur L'Impertinent [Mr. Butler] to a dancing 
 meeting in Broad Street, at the house that was formerly the 
 glass-house, Luke Channell master of the school, where I saw 
 good dancing. 
 
 1 Whirli made him very ill next day, though the particulars are best 
 omitted. 
 
 * A fort four miles east of Dunkirk, probably dismantled when that town was 
 
 sold to Louis XIV. 
 
 Yol. I.— 13 K 
 
•QO DIARY OF [3d Oct 
 
 25th. I did send for a cup of tee, 1 (a China drink) of which 
 I never had drank before, and went away (the King and the 
 Princess coming up the river 2 this afternoon as we were at 
 our pay). My Lord told me how the ship that brought the 
 Princess and him (the Tredagh) did knock six times upon the 
 Kentish Knock, which put them in great fear for the ship ; 
 but got off well. He told me also how the King had knighted 
 Vice-Admiral Lawson and Sir Richard Stayner. 
 
 26th. To the church, to consult about our gallery. 
 
 28th. All the afternoon among my workmen, and did give 
 them drink, and very merry with them, it being my luck to 
 meet with a sort of drolling workmen on all occasions. 
 
 29th. This day, or yesterday, I hear, Prince Rupert 3 is 
 come to Court ; but welcome to nobody. 
 
 October 1st. Mr. Mansell, a poor Reformado 4 of the 
 Charles's, came to see me. 
 
 2d. At Will's I met with Mr. Spicer, and with him to the 
 Abbey to see them at vespers. There I found but a thin 
 congregation. 
 
 3d. To my Lord's, who sent a great iron chest to White 
 Hall ; and I saw it carried into the King's closet, where I saw 
 most incomparable pictures. Among the rest a book open 
 upon a desk, which I durst have sworn was a real book. 
 Back again to my Lord, and dined all alone with him, who 
 did treat me with a great deal of respect ; and after dinner 
 did discourse an hour with me, and advise about some way to 
 get himself some money to make up for his great expenses, 
 
 1 " Coffee, chocolate, and a kind of drink called tee, sold in almost every street 
 in 1659." — Rugge's Diurnal. " Tea was then so scarce in England, that the 
 infusion of it in water was taxed by the gallon, in common with chocolate and 
 sherbet. Two pounds and two ounces were in the same year formally presented 
 to the King, by the Bast India Company, as a most valuable oblation." — Quar- 
 terly Review, vol. viii., p. 141. 
 
 a " The Princess Royal came from Gravesend to White Hall by water, attended 
 by a noble retinue of about 100 persons, gentry, and servants, and tradesmen, and 
 tirewomen, and others, that took that opportunity to advance their fortunes, by 
 coming in with so excellent a Princess as without question she is." — Rugge'i 
 Diurnal. 
 
 3 Son of Frederic, Prince Palatine of the Rhine, afterwards styled King of 
 Bohemia, by Elizabeth, only sister to Charles I. Ob. 1682. 
 
 * That is, a discharged officer from the Royal Charles. 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PEPYS. H] 
 
 saying that he believed that he might have any thing that he 
 would ask of the King. This day I heard the Duke speak 
 of a great design that he and my Lord of Pembroke have, 
 and a great many others, of sending a venture to some parts 
 of Africa to dig for gold ore there. They intend to admit as 
 many as will venture their money, and so make themselves a 
 company. 2501. is the lowest share for every man. But 1^ 
 do not find that my Lord do much like it. 
 
 4th. I and Lieutenant Lambert 1 to Westminster Abbey, 
 where we saw Dr. Frewen 2 translated to the Archbishoprick 
 of York. Here I saw the Bishops of Winchester, 3 Bangor,* 
 Bochester, 6 Bath and Wells, 6 and Salisbury, 7 all in their 
 habits, in King Henry Seventh's chapel. But, Lord ! at 
 their going out, how people did most of them look upon them 
 as strange creatures, and few with any kind of love or respect. 
 
 5th. Office day ; dined at home to see my painters now at 
 work upon my house. 
 
 6th. Colonel Slingsby 8 and I at the office, getting a catch 9 
 ready for the Prince de Ligne to carry his things away to-day, 
 who is now going home again. I was to give my Lord an 
 account of the stations and victuals of the fleet, in order to 
 the choosing of a fleet fit for him to take to sea, to bring over 
 the Queen. 
 
 7th. (Lord's day.) To White Hall on foot, calling at my 
 father's to change my long black cloak for a short one (long 
 cloaks being now quite out) ; but he being gone to church, I 
 could not get one. I heard Dr. Spurstow 10 preach before the 
 King a poor dry sermon ; but a very good anthem of Cap- 
 tain Cooke's afterwards. To my Lord's, and dined with him ; 
 
 ' See June 7th, 1661, and Sept. 14th, 1665. 
 
 ' Dr. Accepted Frewen, Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry. 
 
 ' Brian Duppa, translated from Salisbury. 
 
 4 William Roberts. 
 
 * John Warner. Ob. 1666, aged 86. 
 
 1 William Pierce, translated from Peterborough, 1632. 
 1 Humphrey Henchman, afterwards Bishop of London. 
 8 Afterwards Sir Robert Slingsby. 
 
 • Or ketch, a small swift sailing vessel. 
 
 10 William Spurstow, D.D., Vicar of Hackney and Master of Catharine Hall, 
 Cambridge, both of which pieces of preferment he lost for nonconformity, 1662. 
 
112 DIARY OF [NHhOct, 
 
 he all dinner-time talking French to me, and telling me the 
 story how the Duke of York hath got my Lord Chancellor's 
 daughter with child, and that she do lay it to him, and that 
 for certain he did promise her marriage, and had signed it 
 with his blood, but that he by stealth had got the paper out 
 of her cabinet. And that the King would have him to marry 
 her, but that he will not. 1 So that the thing is very bad for 
 the Duke and them all ; but my Lord do make light of it, as 
 a thing that he believes is not a new thing for the Duke to 
 do abroad. After dinner to the Abbey, where I heard them 
 read the church service, but very ridiculously. A poor cold 
 sermon of Dr. Lamb's, 2 one of the prebendaries, in his habit, 
 come afterwards, and so all ended. 
 
 8th. At my father's about gilded leather for my dining- 
 room. 
 
 9th. This morning Sir W. Batten with Colonel Birch to 
 Deptford, to pay off two ships. Sir W. Pen and I staid to 
 do business, and afterwards together to White Hall, where I 
 went to my Lord, and saw in his chamber his picture, very 
 well done ; and am with child till I get it copied out, which 
 I hope to do when he is gone to sea. Our gentlemen and 
 Mr. Prin [Prynne] dined together. I found Mr. Prin a 
 good, honest, plain man, but in his discourse not very free or 
 pleasant. Among all the tales that passed among us to-day, 
 he told us of one Damford, that, being a black man, did scald 
 his beard with mince-pie, and it came up again all white in 
 that place, and continued to his dying day. 
 
 10th. At night comes Mr. Moore, and tells me how Sir 
 Hards. Waller 3 (who only pleads guilty), Scott, Coke, 4 Peters, 5 
 Harrison, &c, were this day arraigned at the bar of the 
 Sessions House, there being upon the bench the Lord Mayor, 
 General Monk, my Lord of Sandwich, &c. ; such a bench of 
 noblemen as had not been ever seen in England ! They all 
 
 ' See May 6, 1661. 
 
 * James Lamb, in 1662 made Rector of St. Andrew's, Holborn. 
 
 ' Sir Hardress Waller, Knight, one of Charles the First's judges. His sentenc« 
 was commuted to imprisonment for life. 
 
 4 Cooke was Solicitor to the people of England. 
 
 * Hugh Peters, the fanatical preacher. 
 
1660 -1 SAMUEL I'BPTS. ;Q3 
 
 seemed to be dismayed, and will all be condemned without 
 question. In Sir Orlando Bridgman's charge, 1 he did wholly 
 rip up the unjustness of the war against the King from the 
 beginning, and so it much reflects upon all the Long Par- 
 liament, though the King had pardoned them, yet they must 
 hereby confess that the King do look upon them as traitors. 
 To-morrow they are to plead what they have to say. 
 
 11th. To walk in St. James's Park, where we observed tho 
 several engines at work to draw up water, with which sight 
 I was very much pleased. Above all the rest, I liked that 
 which Mr. Greatorex 2 brought, which do carry up the water 
 with a great deal of ease. Here, in the Park, we met with 
 Mr. Salisbury, who took Mr. Creed and me to the Cockpit to 
 see "The Moor of Venice," which was well done. Burt 
 acted the Moor ; 3 by the same token, a very pretty lady that 
 sat by me called out, to see Desdemona smothered. With 
 Mr. Creed to Hercules Pillars," where we drank. 
 
 12th. My Lady Sandwich come to town, and showed me 
 most extraordinary love and kindness. 
 
 13th. I went out to Charing Cross, to see Major-General 
 Harrison 5 hanged, drawn, and quartered; which was done 
 there, he looking as cheerful as any man could do in that 
 condition. He was presently cut down, and his head and 
 heart shown to the people, at which there was great shouts of 
 joy. It is said, that he said that he was sure to come shortly 
 at the right hand of Christ to judge them that now had 
 judged him ; and that his wife do expect his coming again. 
 Thus it was my chance to see the King beheaded at White 
 
 1 Eldest son of John Bridgeman, Bishop of Chester, beoame, after the Restora- 
 tion, successively Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Chief Justice of the Common 
 Pleas, and Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, and was created a baronet. He is 
 ancestor of the present Earl of Bradford. 
 
 a A mathematical instrument maker. 
 
 ' Nicholas Burt ranked in the list of good actors after the Restoration, 
 though he resigned the part of Othello to Hart. — -Davies's Dramatic Mis- 
 cellanies. 
 
 ' In Fleet Street. 
 
 1 Thomas Harrison, son of a butcher at Newcastle-under-Line, appointed by 
 Cromwell to convey Charles I. from Windsor to White Hall, in order to his trial. 
 He signed the warrant for the execution of the King. 
 
 13* 
 
114 DIARY OF [20th Oct. 
 
 Hall, and to see the first blood shed in revenge for the King 
 at Charing Cross. Setting up shelves in my study. 
 
 14th. (Lord's day.) To White Hall chapel, where one Dr. 
 Crofts made an indifferent sermon, and after it an anthem, 
 ill-sung, which made the King laugh. Here I first did see 
 the Princess Royal since she came into England. Here I 
 also observed, how the Duke of York and Mrs. Palmer did 
 talk to one another very wantonly through the hangings that 
 part the King's closet and the closet where the ladies sit. 
 
 15th. This morning Mr. Carew 1 was hanged and quartered 
 at Charing Cross ; but his quarters, by a great favour, are 
 not to be hanged up. 
 
 16th. Being come home, Will [Hewer] told me that my 
 Lord had a mind to speak with me to-night ; so I returned 
 by water, and, coming there, it was only to inquire how the 
 ships were provided with victuals that are to go with him to 
 fetch over the Queen, which I gave him a good account of. 
 He seemed to be in a melancholy humour, which, I was told 
 by W. Howe, was for that he had lately lost a great deal of 
 money at cards, which he fears he do too much addict him- 
 self to now-a-days. 
 
 18th. This morning, it being expected that Colonel Hacker 2 
 and Axtell 3 should die, I went to Newgate, but found they 
 were reprieved till to-morrow. The. Turner sent for a pair 
 of doves that my wife had promised her ; and because she did 
 not send them in the best cage, she sent them back again 
 with a scornful letter, with which I was angry, but yet pretty 
 well pleased that she was crossed. 
 
 19th. This morning my dining-room was finished with 
 green serge hanging and gilt leather, which is very handsome. 
 This morning Hacker and Axtell were hanged and quartered, 
 as the rest are. This night I sat up late to make up my 
 accounts ready against to-morrow for my Lord. 
 
 20th. I dined with my Lord and Lady; he was very 
 merry, and did talk very high how he would have a French 
 
 1 John Carew, one of the regicides. 
 
 2 Colonel Francis Hacker commanded the guards at the King's execution. 
 * Axtell had guarded the High Court of Justice. 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 115 
 
 cook, and a master of Ms horse, and his lady and child to 
 "wear black patches ; which methought was strange ; but he is 
 become a perfect courtier ; and, among other things, my Lady 
 saying that she could get a good merchant for her daughter 
 Jem., he answered, that he would rather see her with a ped- 
 lar's pack at her back, so she married a gentleman, than she 
 should marry a citizen. This afternoon, going through Lon- 
 don, and calling at Crowe's, 1 the upholsterer's, in Saint Bar- 
 tholomew's, I saw the limbs of some of our new traytors set 
 upon Aldersgate, which was a sad sight to see ; and a bloody 
 week this and the last have been, there being ten hanged, 
 drawn, and quartered. 
 
 21st. (Lord's day.) George Vines carried me up to the top 
 of his turret, where there is Cooke's head set up for a traytor, 
 and Harrison's set up on the other side of Westminster Hall. 
 Here I could see them plainly, as also a very fair prospect 
 about London. 
 
 22d. All preparing for my Lord's going to sea to fetch the 
 Queen to-morrow. At night my Lord come home, with whom 
 I staid long, and talked of many things. I got leave to have 
 his picture, that was done by Lilly, copied. 2 He told me there 
 hath been a meeting before the King and my Lord Chancellor, 
 of some Episcopalian and Presbyterian Divines; but what 
 had passed he could not tell me. 
 
 23d. One of Mr. Shepley's pistols, charged with bullets, 
 flew off, and it pleased God that the mouth of the gun being 
 downwards, it did us no hurt ; but I think I never was in 
 more danger in my life. About eight o'clock my Lord went ; 
 and going through the garden, Mr. William Montagu told 
 him of an estate of land lately come into the King's hands, 
 that he had a mind my Lord should beg. To which end my 
 Lord writ a letter presently to my Lord Chancellor to do it 
 for him, which (after leave taken of my Lord at White Hall 
 bridge) I did carry to Warwick House to him ; and had a fair 
 
 1 He is called " Alderman," post, Oct. 15, 1668. 
 
 * Peter Lely, afterwards knighted. He lived in the Piazza. This portrait was 
 Dought by Lord Braybrooke at Mr. Pepys Coekerell's sale, in 1848, and is now at 
 Audley End. 
 
Hg DIARY OF 26tn Oct 
 
 promise of him, that he would do it this day for my Lord. 
 In my way thither I met the Lord Chancellor and all the 
 Judges riding on horseback and going to Westminster Hall, 
 it being the first day of the term. Carried my Lord's picture 
 to Mr. de Cretz to be copied. 
 
 24th. Mr. Moore tells me, among other things, that the 
 Duke of York is now sorry for his amour with my Lord 
 Chancellor's daughter, who is now brought to bed of a boy. 1 
 To Mr. Lilly's, 2 where not finding Mr. Spong, I went to Mr. 
 Greatorex, where I met him, and where I bought of him a 
 drawing pen ; and he did show me the manner of the lamp- 
 glasses, which carry the light a great way, good to read in 
 bed by, and I intend to have one of them ; and we looked at 
 his wooden jack in his chimney, that goes with the smoake, 
 which is indeed very pretty. So to Mr. Lilly's with Mr. 
 Spong, where well received, there being a clubb to-night 
 among his friends. Among the rest, Esquire Ashmole, 3 who 
 I found was a very ingenious gentleman. With him we two 
 sang afterwards in Mr. Lilly's study. That done, we all 
 parted ; and I home by coach, taking Mr. Hooker 4 with me, 
 who did tell me a great many fooleries, which may be done 
 by nativities, and blaming Mr. Lilly for writing to please his 
 friends and to keep in with the times (as he did formerly to 
 his own dishonour), and not according to the rules of art, by 
 which he could not well erre, as he had done. 
 
 25th. All day at home, doing something in order to the 
 fitting of my house. 
 
 26th. By Westminster to White Hall, where I saw the 
 Duke de Soissons 5 go from his audience with a very great 
 
 ' Bom the 22nd. 
 
 2 William Lilly, the astrologer and almanack - maker. He lived in the 
 Strand. 
 
 3 Elias Ashmole, the antiquary. 
 
 * Pepys surely wrote Hooker by mistake, for James Booker, of Manchester, the 
 astrologer, then living, and mentioned in Hudibrae, in connexion with Lilly, 
 zanto iii., 1093. 
 
 s Eugene Maurice of Savoy, youngest son of Thomas of Savoy, by Marie de 
 Bourbon, Countess of Soissons, whose title he inherited. He married Olympia 
 Mancini, one of the nieces of Cardinal Mazarin, more than suspected of poisoning 
 practices (like the Brinvilliers.) His youngest son was the celebrated General, 
 Prince Eugene of Savoy. 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 117 
 
 deal of state : his own coach all red velvet covered witn gold 
 lace, and drawn by six barbes, and attended by twenty pages, 
 very rich in clothes. To "Westminster Hall, and bought, 
 among other books, one of the Life of our Queen, which I 
 read at home to my wife ; but it was so silily writ, that we 
 did nothing but laugh at it : among other things, it is 
 dedicated to that paragon of virtue and beauty, the Duchess 
 of Albemarle. Great talk as if the Duke of York do now 
 own the marriage between him and the Chancellor's daughter. 
 
 27th. I went by chance to my new Lord Mayor's house, 
 (Sir Richard Browne) by Goldsmiths' Hall, which is now 
 fitting, and indeed is a very pretty house. Coming back, I 
 called at Paul's Churchyard, and bought Alstead's Encyclo- 
 paedia, which cost me 38s. I dined with my Lady, my 
 young Lord [Hinchingbroke], and Mr. Sidney [Montagu], 
 who was sent for from Twickenham to see my Lord Mayor's 
 show to-morrow. To Westminster Abbey, where, with much 
 difficulty, going round the cloysters, I got in ; this day being 
 a great day for the consecrating of five Bishopps, which was 
 done after sermon ; but I could not get into Henry the 
 Seventh's chappel. After dinner to White Hall chappel; 
 my Lady and my Lady Jemimah and I up to the King's 
 closet (who is now gone to meet the Queen.) So meeting 
 with one Mr. Hill, that did know my Lady, he did take us 
 into the King's closet, and there we did stay all service-time, 
 which I did think a great honour. 
 
 29th. I up early, it being my Lord Mayor's day 1 (Sir 
 Richard Browne), and neglecting my office, I went to the 
 Wardrobe, where I met my Lady Sandwich and _ all the 
 children; and after drinking of some strange and incom- 
 parable good clarett of Mr. Remball's, 2 he 3 and Mr. Town- 
 send 3 did take us, and set the young Lords at one Mr. 
 Nevill's, a draper in Paul's churchyard ; and my Lady, and 
 my Lady Pickering 4 and I to one Mr. Isaacson's, a linen- 
 
 ' Now, by alteration of the style, November 9th. 
 ' Or Rumbell. See Dec. 8th, 1661. 
 • Officers of the Wardrobe. 
 
 ' Elizabeth Montagu, sister to the Earl of Sandwich, who had married Sir Gilbert 
 Pickering, Bart., of Nova Scotia, and of Tichmersh, co. Northampton. 
 
118 DIARY OP [1st Nov. 
 
 draper at the Key in Cheapside ; where there was a company 
 of fine ladies, and we were very civilly treated, and had a 
 very good place to see the pageants, which were many, and 
 I believe good for such kind of things, hut in themselves but 
 poor and absurd. The show being done, we got to Paul's 
 with much ado, and I went on foot with my Lady Pickering 
 to her lodging, which was a poor one in Blackfryars, where 
 she never invited me to go in at all, which methought was 
 very strange. Lady Davis is now come to our next lodgings, 
 and has locked up the leads' door from me, which puts me 
 in great disquiet. 
 
 30th. I went to the Cockpit all alone, and there saw a 
 very fine play called " The Tamer Tamed ;" ' very well acted. 
 I hear nothing yet of my Lord, whether he be gone for the 
 Queen from the Downes or no ; but I believe he is, and that 
 he is now upon coming back again. We did read over the 
 King's declaration in matters of religion, which is come out 
 to-day, which is very well penned. 
 
 31st. Much troubled about my walk on the leades, but 
 we are all unwilling to anger my Lady Davis. 2 Resolving to 
 ride to Sir W. Batten's, 3 I sat up late, and was fain to cut an 
 old pair of boots to make leathers for those I was to wear. 
 
 November 1st. This morning, Sir W. Pen and I were 
 mounted early, and had very merry discourse all the way, he 
 being very good company. We come to Sir W. Batten's, 
 where he lives like a prince, and we were made very welcome. 
 Among other things, he showed me my Lady's closet, wherein 
 was great store of rarities ; as also a chair, which he calls 
 King Harry's chaire, where he that sits down is catched with 
 two irons, that come round about him, which makes good 
 sport. Here dined with us two or three more country gen- 
 tlemen ; among the rest, Mr. Christmas, my old school- 
 fellow, with whom I had much talk. He did remember that 
 I was a great Roundhead when I was a boy, and I was much 
 afraid that he would have remembered the words that I said 
 
 1 " The Woman's Prize, or Tamer Tamed/' a comedy, by John Fletcher. 
 ■ Wife of Mr. Davis, belonging to the Navy Office. The appellation of my LadJ 
 is used in the same sense as the French word Madame. 
 ' At Walthamstow. 
 
1880-] SAMUEL PEPYS. U9 
 
 the day the King was beheaded (that, were I to preach upon 
 him, my text should be — " The memory of the wicked shall 
 rot"); but I found afterwards that he did go away from 
 school before that time. He did make us good sport in imi- 
 tating Mr. Case, 1 Ash, and Nye, the ministers ; .but a deadly 
 drinker he is, and grown very fat. 
 
 2d. I went and saw some silver crosses put upon my Bible, 
 which cost me 6s. 6d. the making, and 7s. 6d. the silver ; the 
 book comes in all to 11. 3s. 6d. To White Hall, where I 
 saw the boats coming very thick to Lambeth, and all the 
 stairs to be full of people. I was told the Queen was 
 a-coming f so I got a sculler for sixpence to carry me thither 
 and back again, but I could not get to see the Queen ; so 
 come back, and to my Lord's, where he was come ; and I 
 supt with him, he being very merry, telling me stories of the 
 country mayors, how they entertained the King all the way 
 as he come along ; and how the country gentlewomen did 
 hold up their heads to be kissed by the King, not taking his 
 hand to kiss, as they should do. I took leave of my Lord 
 and Lady, and so took coach at White Hall, and carried Mr. 
 Childe 3 as far as the Strand, and myself got as far as Ludgate 
 by all the bonfires, but with a great deal of trouble ; and 
 there the coachman desired that I would release him, for 
 he durst not go further for the fires. In Paul's Church-yard 
 I called at Kirton's, 4 and there they had got a masse book for 
 me, which I bought, and cost me twelve shillings ; and, 
 when I come home, sat up late and read in it with great 
 pleasure to my wife, to hear that she was long ago acquainted 
 with it. I observed this night very few bonfires in the City, 
 
 1 Thomas Case, one of the Assembly of Divines, and some time rector of St. 
 Giles's-in-the-Fields. Ob. 1682, aged 84. Simeon Ash, one of the leading Pres- 
 byterian ministers. Philip Nye, who had been minister of Kimbolton, and rector 
 of Acton, Middlesex, retired after his nonconformity, and died in 1672. 
 
 a "Nov. 2. The Queen-mother and the Princess Henrietta came into London, 
 the Queen having left this land nineteen years ago. Her coming was very private, 
 Lambeth-way, where the King, Queen, and the Duke of York, and the rest, 
 took water, crossed the Thames, and all safely arrived at Whitehall." — Rugge's 
 Diurnal. 
 
 3 Afterwards Sir Joshua Childe. 
 
 • A bookseller. See Dec. 23, 166 
 
120 DIARY OF [6th Nov 
 
 not above three in all London, for the Queen's coming, 
 whereby I guess that (as I believed before) her coming do 
 please but very few. 
 
 3d. Saturday. In the afternoon to White Hall, where my 
 Lord and Lady were gone to kiss the Queen's hand. 
 
 4th (Lord's day.) In the morn to our own church, 1 where 
 Mr. Mills did begin to nibble at the Common Prayer, by say- 
 ing " Glory be to the Father," &c, after he had read the 
 two psalms : but the people had been so little used to it, that 
 they could not tell what to answer. This declaration of the 
 King's do give the Presbyterians some satisfaction, and a pre- 
 tence to read the Common Prayer, which they would not do 
 before because of their former preaching against it. After 
 dinner to Westminster. In our way we called at the Bell, to 
 see the seven Planders mares that my Lord has bought 
 lately. Then I went to my Lord's, and, having spoke with 
 him, I went to the Abbey, where the first time that ever I 
 heard the organs in a cathedral. My wife seemed very pretty 
 to-day, it being the first time I had given her leave to weare 
 a black patch. 
 
 5th. At the office at night, to make up an account of what 
 the debts of nineteen of the twenty-five ships that should 
 have been paid off, is increased since the adjournment of the 
 Parliament, they being to sit again to-morrow. This 5th of 
 November is observed exceeding well in the City ; and at 
 night great bonfires and fireworks. 
 
 6th. Mr. Chetwind told me that he did fear that this late 
 business of the Duke of York's would prove fatal to my 
 Lord Chancellor. To our office, where we met all, for the 
 sale of two ships by an inch of candle, (the first time that 
 ever I saw any of this kind) where I observed how they do 
 invite one another, and at last how they all do cry, 2 and we 
 have much to do to tell who did cry last. The ships were 
 the Indian, sold for 1300?., and the Half-moone, sold for 830Z. 
 Fell a-reading of the tryalls of the late men that were hanged 
 for the King's death, and found good satisfaction in reading 
 thereof. 
 
 1 St. Olave's, Hart Street. * i. e., bid. 
 
I 660 -] SAMUEL PEPVS. 221 
 
 7th. Went by water to my Lord, where I dined with him, 
 and he in a very merry humour (present Mrs. Borkett and 
 Childe) at dinner : he, in discourse of the great opinion of 
 the virtue — gratitude, (which he did account the greatest thing 
 in the world to him, and had, therefore, in his mind been 
 often troubled in the late times how to answer his gratitude 
 to the King, who raised his father) did say it was that did 
 bring him to his obedience to the King ; and did also bless 
 himself with his good fortune, in comparison to what it was 
 when I was with him in the Sound, when he durst not own 
 his correspondence with the King ; which is a thing that I 
 never did hear of to this day before ; and I do from this raise 
 an opinion of him, to be one of the most secret men in the 
 world, which I was not so convinced of before. After dinner 
 he bid all go out of the room, and did tell me how the King 
 had promised him 4000Z. per annum for ever, and had already 
 given him a bill under his hand (which he showed me) for 
 4000Z. that Mr. Fox 1 is to pay him. My Lord did advise 
 with me how to get this received, and to put out 3000?. into 
 safe hands at use, and the other he will make use of for his 
 present occasion. This he did advise with me about with 
 great secresy. After all this, he called for the fiddles and 
 books, and we two and W. Howe, and Mr. Childe, did sing 
 and play some psalmes of Will Lawes's, 2 and some songs ; 
 and so I went away. To Mr. Fox, who did use me very 
 civilly, but I did not see his lady, whom I had so long known 
 when she was a maid, Mrs. Whittle. 3 Notwithstanding this 
 was the first day of the King's proclamation against hackney- 
 coaches 1 coming into streets to stand to be hired, yet I got 
 one to carry me home. 
 
 ' Afterwards Sir Stephen Fox. See note to Nov. 20, 1660. 
 
 3 Brother to Henry Lawes, the celebrated composer, and himself a chamber 
 musician to Charles I., in whose service he took up arms, and was killed at the 
 siege of Chester, 1645. The King regretted his loss severely, and used to call him 
 the father of music. 
 
 3 Elizabeth, daughter of William Whittle, of Lancashire, wife of Stephen Fox, 
 who was knighted in 1665. 
 
 4 "In April, 1663, the poor widows of hackney-coachmen petitioned for some 
 relief, as the parliament had reduced the number of coaches to 400; there were 
 before, in and about London, more than 2000." — Rugge's Diunial. 
 
 Vol. I. — 14 
 
122 DIARY OF [11th Not. 
 
 8th. On board the yacht, 1 which indeed is one of the finest 
 things that ever I saw, for neatness and room, in so small a 
 vessel. Home at two in the morning. My wife up, who 
 showed me her head, which was very well dressed. 
 
 9th. At the Hope Tavern, dinner given us by Mr. Ady 
 and Mr. Wire, the King's fishmonger. Good sport with Mr. 
 Talbot, who eats no sort of fish, and there was nothing else 
 till we sent for a neat's tongue. My Lord had an organ set 
 up to-day in his dining-room, an ugly one, in the form of 
 Bridewell. To wait at Sir Harry "Wright's, where my Lord 
 was busy at cards. 
 
 10th. The Comptroller 2 and I to the coffee-house, where 
 he showed me the state of his case ; how the King did owe 
 him above 6000?. But I do not see great likelihood for 
 them to be paid, since they begin already in Parliament to 
 dispute the paying off the just sea^debts, which were already 
 promised to be paid, and will be the undoing of thousands 
 if they be not paid. I bought Montelion, 3 which this year 
 do not prove so good as the last was ; so after reading it I 
 burned it : reading of that and the comedy of the Rump, 
 also very silly, I went to bed. Going home, I bought a 
 goose. 
 
 11th. (Lord's day.) To church in our new gallery, the 
 first time it was used. There being no woman this day, we 
 sat in the foremost pew, and behind our servants, and I hope 
 it will not always be so, it not being handsome for our 
 servants to sit so equal to us. I went to Mr. Fox at White 
 Hall, when I first saw his lady, formerly Mrs. Elizabeth 
 Whittle, whom I had formerly a great opinion of, and did 
 make an anagram or two upon her name when I was a boy. 
 She proves a very fine lady, and mother to fine children. I 
 
 ' See ante, Aug. 15th, and post, Jan. 13th, 1660-61. 
 
 u Sir Robert Slingsby, whose father, Sir Guildford Slingsby, had held the same 
 office. 
 
 ' Montelion, the Prophetical Almanac for the year 1660, 8v), with a frontispiece, 
 by John Phillips." The Montelions for 1661 and 1662 were written by Thomas 
 Flatman. It would appear that Pepys bought the Montelion for 1661, as there 
 had not been one for 1659. — See Watt's Bibliothcca. 
 
 * " The Rump, or the Mirror of the late Times," a comedy, by John Tatham. 
 
I860.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 123 
 
 agreed with Mr. Fox about taking the 4000Z. of him that the 
 King had given my Lord. 
 
 12th. To the Comptroller's house in Lime street, a fine 
 house, where I never was before. Agreed with Jack Spicer 
 to help me to tell money this afternoon. My father and I 
 discoursed seriously about my sister's coming to live me, and 
 yet I am much afraid of her ill nature. I told her plainly^ 
 my mind was to have her come not as a sister but as a 
 servant, 1 which she promised me that she would, and with 
 many thanks did weep for joy. 
 
 13th. By water to the Wardrobe. A great deal of room 
 in the house, but very ugly, till my Lord had bestowed great 
 cost upon it. Found my wife making of pies and tarts to 
 try her oven with, but not knowing the nature of it, did heat 
 it too hot, and so a little overbake her things, but knows how 
 to do better another time. 
 
 14th. Into Cheapside to Mr. Beachamps, the goldsmith, to 
 look out a piece of plate to give Mr. Fox from my Lord, for 
 his favour, about the 4000?., and did choose a gilt tankard. 
 
 15th. My Lord did this day show me the King's picture 
 which was done in Flanders, that the King did promise my 
 Lord before he ever saw him, and that we did expect to have 
 had at sea before the King come to us ; but it come but to- 
 day, and indeed it is the most pleasant and the most like him 
 that ever I saw picture in my life. As dinner was coming 
 on table, my wife came to my Lord's, and I got her carried 
 in to my Lady, who was just now hiring of a French maid 
 that was with her, and [they] could not understand one 
 another till my wife come to interpret. Here I did leave my 
 wife to dine with my Lord, the first time he did ever take 
 notice of her as my wife, and did seem to have a just esteem 
 for her. To Mr. Fox, and by two porters carried away the 
 other 1000?. I had it of his kinsman, and did give him 41., 
 and other servants something ; but whereas I did intend to 
 have given Mr. Fox himself a piece of plate of 501., I was 
 demanded 50?., the fee of the oflice, at 6d. a pound, at which 
 I was surprised, but I did leave it there till I speak with my 
 
 1 See post, Jan. 2, 1660-61. 
 
124 DIARY OF [20th Not 
 
 Lord. My wife I found much satisfied with my Lord'a 
 discourse and respect to her. To Sir W. Batten's to dinner, 
 he having a couple of servants married to-day ; and so there 
 was a great number of merchants, and others of good quality, 
 on purpose after dinner to make an offering, which, when 
 dinner was done, we did, and I did give ten shillings and no 
 more, though I believe most of the rest did give more, and 
 did believe that I did so too. 
 
 19th. I went with the Treasurer 1 in his coach to White 
 Hall, and in our way, in discourse, do find him a very good- 
 natured man; and, talking of those men who now stand 
 condemned for murdering the King, he says that he believes 
 that if the law would give leave, the King is a man of so great 
 compassion that he would wholly acquit them. 
 
 20th. Mr. Shepley and I to the new play-house 2 near 
 Lincoln's-Inn-Fields (which was formerly Gibbon's tennis- 
 court) where the play of " Beggar's Bush" 3 was newly begun; 
 and so we went in, and saw it well acted : and here I saw the 
 first time one Moone, 4 who is said to be the best actor in the 
 world, lately come over with the King, and indeed it is the 
 finest play-house, I believe, that ever was in England. This 
 morning I found my Lord in bed late, he having been with 
 the King, Queen, and Princess, at the Cockpit [at "White- 
 hall] all night, where General Monk treated them ; and after 
 supper a play, 5 where the King did put a great affront upon 
 Singleton's musique, 6 he bidding them stop, and made the 
 French musique play, which, my Lord says, do much outdo 
 all ours. While my Lord was rising, I went to Mr. Fox's, 
 
 * Sir George Carteret. 
 
 11 Killigrew's, or the King's House, opened for the first time, 8th Nov. 
 1660. 
 
 3 The "Beggar's Bush," a comedy, by Beaumont and Fletcher. 
 
 4 Mohun, or Moone, the celebrated actor, who had borne a major's commission 
 in the King's Army. See postea, April 16, 1667. 
 
 8 Sir John Denham wrote the Prologue, of which there is a contemporary oopy 
 in the British Museum. 
 
 ' John Singleton, appointed, 1660, one of the musicians of the sackbuts in place 
 of William Lanier. From the sackbut he advanced to the violin, and lastly to the 
 flute. He is mentioned by Dryden in Mac Flecknoe, and by Shadwell in Bury 
 Fair. He died 1686, and was buried (7th April) in the churchyard of St. Paul's 
 Covent Garden. 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PEPYS 125 
 
 and there did leave the gilt tankard for Mrs. Fox, and then to 
 the counting-house to him, who hath invited me and my wife 
 to dine with him on Thursday next, and so to see the Queene 
 and Princesse. 
 
 21st. This morning my cozen, Thos. Pepys, the turner, 
 sent me a cupp of lignum vitse for a token. My wife and I 
 went to Pater-Noster Rowe, and there we bought some 
 greene-watered Moyre, for a morning wastecoate. And after 
 that we went to Mr. Cade's to choose some pictures for our 
 house. I to Pope's Head 1 [Alley], and bought me an aggate- 
 hafted knife, which cost me 5s. At night to my viallin (the 
 first time that I have played on it since I come to this house) 
 in my dining-roome, and afterwards to my lute there, and I 
 took much pleasure to have the neighbours come forth into 
 the yard to hear me. 
 
 22d. This morning come the carpenters to make me a 
 door at the other side of my house, going into the entry. 
 My wife and I walked to the Old Exchange, and there she 
 bought her a white whisk, 2 and put it on, and I a pair of 
 gloves. To Mr. Pox's where we found Mrs. Fox within, and 
 an alderman of London paying 1000?. or 1400?. in gold upon 
 the table for the King. Mr. Fox come in presently, and did 
 receive us with a great deal of respect ; and then did take my 
 wife and I to the Queen's presence-chamber, where he got my 
 wife placed behind the Queen's chaire, and the two Prin- 
 cesses come to dinner. The Queen a very little, plain old 
 woman, and nothing more in her presence in any respect nor 
 garbe than any ordinary woman. The Princess of Orange I 
 had often seen before. The Princess Henrietta is very 
 pretty, but much below my expectation ; and her dressing of 
 herself with her haire frized short up to her eares did make 
 her seem so much the less to me. But my wife standing 
 near her with two or three black patches on, and well dressed, 
 did seem to me much handsomer than she. Dinner being 
 done, we went to Mr. Fox's again, where many gentlemen 
 
 * Pope's Head Alley was at this time famous for its cutlers. See 20th June, 
 16«2. 
 
 * A sort of tippet formerly worn by women. 
 
 14* L 
 
126 DIARY OP [26th Not 
 
 dined with us, and most princely dinner — all provided for me 
 and my friends, but I bringing none but myself and •wife, he 
 did call the company to help to eate up so much good 
 victualls. At the end of the dinner, my Lord Sandwich's 
 health, in the gilt tankard that I did give to Mrs. Pox the 
 other day. To White Hall at about nine at night, and there, 
 ■with Laud, the page that went with me, we could not get out 
 of Henry the Eighth's gallery into the further part of the 
 boarded gallery, where my Lord was walking with my Lord 
 Ormond ; and we had a key of Sir S. Moreland's, but all 
 would not do ; till at last, by knocking, Mr. Harrison, the 
 door-keeper, did open us the door, and, after some talk with 
 my Lord about getting a Catch 1 to carry my Lord St. Albans's 2 
 goods to France, I parted and went home on foot. 
 
 24th. Creed and Shepley and I to the Rhenish Wine- 
 House, 3 and there I did give them two quarts of Wormwood 
 wine. 4 To my Lord's, where I dined with my lady, there 
 being Mr. Childe and Mrs. Borkett, who are never absent at 
 dinner there, under pretence of a wooing. From thence I to 
 Mr. de Cretz, and did take away my Lord's picture, which is 
 now finished for me, and I paid 3Z. 10s. for it and the frame. 
 
 25th. (Lord's day.) In the forenoon I alone to our church, 
 and after dinner I went and ranged about to many churches, 
 among the rest to the Temple, where I heard Dr. Wilkins 5 a 
 little, (late Master of Trinity, in Cambridge.) I had a letter 
 brought me from my Lord to get a ship ready to carry the 
 Queen's things over to France, she being to go within five or 
 six days. 
 
 26th. My father come and dined with me, who seems to 
 take much pleasure to have a son that is neat in his house. 
 I heard that my Lady Batten 6 had given my wife a visit, 
 
 1 See ante, 6th Sept. 
 
 a Henry Jermyn, created Lord Jermyn 1643, advanced to the Earldom of SU 
 Alba.ii- 1660, K.S. Ob. 1683, a. p. He was supposed to be married to the Queen 
 Dowager. 
 
 3 See ante, August 9th, and note. 
 
 4 The Creme d'Absinthe is still a liqueur much liked in France. 
 
 6 John Wilkins, D.D., brother-in-law of the Protector, made Bishop of Chester, 
 1668. Ob. 1672. 
 * Elizabeth Woodcock, evidently his second wife, as his daughter Martha is 
 
I860.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 127 
 
 (the first that ever she made her) which pleased me exceed- 
 ingly- 
 
 27th. To White Hall, where I found my Lord gone abroad 
 to the Wardrobe, whither he do now go every other morning, 
 and do seem to resolve to understand and look after the 
 business himself. To Westminster Hall, and in King Street 
 there being a great stop of coaches, there was a falling out 
 between a drayman and my Lord Chesterfield's coachman, 
 and one of his footmen killed. To my Lord's again, where I 
 found my wife, and she and I dined with him and my Lady, 
 and great company of my Lord's friends, and my Lord did 
 show us great respect. To a play — " The Scornfull Lady," 1 
 and that being done, I went homewards. Mr. Moore told me 
 how the House had this day voted the King to have all the 
 Excise for ever. This day I do also hear that the Queen's 
 going to France is stopt, which do like me well, because then 
 the King will be in town the next month, which is my month 
 again at the Privy Seale. 
 
 28th. To White Hall to my Lord's, where Major Hart did 
 pay me 231. 14s. 9d., due to me upon my pay in my Lord's 
 troop, at the time of our disbanding. 2 Home, where I found 
 that Mr. Creed had sent me the HZ. 5s. Od. that is due to 
 me upon the remaynes of account for my sea business, and 
 my bill of impress for 30?. is also cleared, so that I am wholly 
 clear as to the sea in all respects. 
 
 30th. Sir G. Carteret did give us an account how Mr. 
 Holland 3 do intend to prevail with the Parliament to try his 
 
 often mentioned, married Feb. 3, 1658-9, to Sir W. Batten ; and secondly, in 
 1671, to a foreigner called, in the register of Battersea parish, Lord Leyenburg. 
 Lady Leighenberg was buried at Walthamstow, Sept. 16, 1681. — Lysons's 
 Environs. Sir James Barkman Leyenburg, the envoy from Sweden, was resident 
 in England till 1682, or later. See Jan. 21, 1666-67. His name occurs in The 
 Intelligencer, 12th March, 1663-4, as delayed at Stockholm by a fever, though his 
 despatches were ready. A hostile message appears to have passed between hrm 
 and Pepys, in November, 1670, but the duel was prevented. Perhaps they 
 quarrelled about the money due from Sir W. Batten to Pepys, for which the 
 widow was liable. See Mr. Wren's letter, November 9th, 1670, in Corres- 
 pondence. 
 
 1 A comedy, by Beaumont and Fletcher. 
 
 ' As trained bands. 
 
 " John Holland was secretary to Sir Or. Carteret, then Treasurer of the Navy, and 
 was author of the Discourse on the Navy, mentioned in note, March 19, 1669. 
 
12& DIARY OF [3d Deo. 
 
 project of discharging the seamen all at present by ticket, 
 and so promise interest to all men that will lend money upon 
 them at eight per cent., for so long as they are unpaid; 
 whereby he do think to take away the growing debt which do 
 now lie upon the kingdom for lack of present money to dis- 
 charge the seamen. 
 
 December 1st. This morning, observing some things to be 
 laid up not as they should be by my girl, I took a broom and 
 basted her till she cried extremely, which made me vexed ; 
 but, before I went out, I left her appeased. Went to my 
 Lord St. Albans's lodgings, and found him in bed, talking to 
 a priest (he looked like one), that leaned along over the side of 
 the bed ; and there I desired to know his mind about making 
 the Katch stay longer, which I got ready for him the other 
 day. He seems to be a fine, civil gentleman. There fell 
 into our company old Mr. Flower and another gentleman, 
 who did tell us how a Scotch knight was killed basely the 
 other day at the Fleece 2 in Covent Garden, where there had 
 been a great many formerly killed. 
 
 2d. (Lord's day.) To church, and Mr. Mills made a good 
 sermon : so home to dinner. My wife and I all alone to a 
 leg of mutton, the sawce of which being made sweet, I was 
 angry at it, and eat none, but only dined upon the marrow- 
 bone that we had beside. 
 
 3d. I rose by candle, and spent my morning in fiddling 
 till time to go to the office. Come in my cozen Snow by 
 chance, and I had a very good capon to dinner. So to the 
 office again till night, and so home, and then come Mr. Davis 
 of Deptford (the first time that ever he was at my house), and 
 after him Monsieur L'Impertinent [Mr. Butler], who is to 
 go to Ireland to-morrow, and so come to take his leave of me. 
 
 ' The system of tickets afterwards gave great trouble, and caused much dis- 
 content. 
 
 3 " The Fleece Tavern, in York Street, Covent Garden," observes John Aubrey 
 in his Miscellanies, p. 31, " was very unfortunate for homicides ; there have been 
 several killed; three in my time. It is now (1692) a private house." In Rugge's 
 Diurnal is the following entry : — "Nov. 1660. One Sir John Gooscall was unfor- 
 tunately killed in the Fleece Tavern, Covent Garden, by one Balendin, a Scotch- 
 man, who was taken, and committed to the Gatehouse in this month." 
 
i860.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 129 
 
 They both found me under the barber's hand ; but I had a 
 bottle of good sack in the house, and so made them very 
 wellcome. 
 
 4th. To the Duke of York, and he tooke us into his closet, 
 and we did open to him our project of stopping the growing 
 charge of the fleet, by paying them in hand one moyety, and 
 the other four months hence. This he do like. This day 
 the Parliament voted that the bodies of Oliver, Ireton, Brad- 
 shaw, and Thomas Pride, should be taken up out of their 
 graves in the Abbey, and drawn to the gallows, and there 
 hanged and buried under it : which (methinks) do trouble me 
 that a man of so great courage as he was should have that 
 dishonour, though otherwise he might deserve it enough. 
 
 5th. After dinner went to the New Theatre [Killigrew's], 
 and there I saw " The Merry Wives of Windsor" acted — 
 the humours of the country gentleman and the French doctoi 
 very well done, but the rest but very poorly, and Sir J. Fal- 
 staffe 1 as bad as any. 
 
 6th. To my Lord, who told me of his. going out of town 
 to-morrow to settle the militia in Huntingdonshire, and did 
 desire me to lay up a box of some rich jewels and things that 
 there [are] in it, which I promised to do. After much free 
 discourse with my Lord, who tells me his mind as to his en- 
 larging his family, &c, and desiring me to look him out a 
 Master of the Horse, and other servants, we parted. 
 
 7th. To the Privy Seale, where I signed a deadly number 
 of pardons, which do trouble me to get nothing by. I fell 
 a-reading Fuller's History of Abbys, 2 and my wife in Great 
 Cyrus 3 till twelve at night, and so to bed. 
 
 9th. (Lord's day.) Being called up early by Sir W. Batten, 
 rose and went to his house, and he told me the ill news that 
 he had this morning from Woolwich — that the Assurance* 
 (formerly Captain Holland's ship, and now Captain Stoakes's, 4 
 designed for Guiny, and manned and victualled) was by a gust 
 
 1 Played by Cartwright. 
 
 2 Which formed part of his Church History, book VI. 
 
 * "Artamine, ou, Le Grand Cyrus, par Magdelaine de Seudery," the second ct 
 her works. 
 
 * John Stoakes, late captain of the Royal Henry. 
 
13Q DIARY OP [10th Deo. 
 
 of wind sunk down to the bottom. Twenty men drowned 
 Sir Williams both went by barge thither to see how things 
 are, and I am sent to the Duke of York to tell him. I went 
 to the Duke, and first calling upon Mr. Coventry at his 
 chamber, I went to the Duke's bed-side, who had sat up late 
 last night, and lay long this morning. This being done, I 
 went to chapel, and sat in Mr. Blagrave's pew, and there did 
 sing my part along with another before the King, and with 
 much ease. I met with a letter from my Lord, commanding 
 me to go to Mr. Denham, 1 to get a man to go to him to- 
 morrow to Hinchingbroke, to contrive with him about some 
 alteracions in his house, which I did, and got Mr. Kennard. 
 Dined with my Lady, and had infinite of talk of all kind of 
 things, especially of beauty of men and women, with which she 
 seems to be much pleased to talk of. With Mr. Kennard to 
 my Lady, who is much pleased with him, and after a glass of 
 sack there, we parted, having taken order for a horse or two 
 for him and his servant to be gone to-morrow. Thence home, 
 where I hear that the Comptroller 2 had some business with 
 me, and he shewed me a design of his, by the King's making 
 an Order of Knights of the Sea, to give an encouragement 
 for persons of honour to undertake the service of the sea, and 
 he had done it with great pains, and very ingeniously. 
 
 10th. Up exceedingly early to go to the Comptroller, but 
 he not being up, and it being a very fine, bright, moonshine 
 morning, I went and walked all alone twenty turnes in Corn- 
 hill, from Cracechurch street corner to the Stockes, and back 
 again. 3 It is expected that the Duke will marry the Lord 
 Chancellor's daughter at last ; * which is likely to be the ruine 
 of Mr. Davis and my Lord Barkley, [of Stratton,] who have 
 carried themselves so high against the Chancellor ; Sir Charles 
 Barkley 5 swearing that he and others had intrigued with her 
 often, which all believe to be a lie. 
 
 1 John DeDbam, created at the Restoration K.B., and Surveyor-General of the 
 Works ; better known as the author of Cooper's Hill. Ob. 1668. 
 3 Sir R. Slingsby. 
 
 3 " Near the Conduit, on Cornhill, was a strong prison, made of timber, called 
 a cage, with a pair of stockes set upon it, and this was for night-walkers." 
 Maitland's Hist, of London, vol. ii., p. 903. 
 
 4 He had married her on the 3d September previous. 
 ' Afterwards created Earl of Falmouth. 
 
l«60.j SAMUEL PEPYS. 13J 
 
 11th. My wife and I up very early this day, and though 
 the weather was very bad, and the wind high, yet my Lady 
 Batten and her mayde, and we two, did go by our barge to 
 Woolwich, (my Lady being very fearfull) where we found both 
 Sir Williams, and much other company, expecting the weather 
 to be better, that they might go about weighing up the As- 
 surance, which lies there (poor ship, that I have been twice 
 merry in, in Captain Holland's time) under water, only the 
 upper deck may be seen, and the masts. Captain Stoakes is 
 very melancholy, and being in search for some clothes and 
 money of his, which he says he hath lost out of his cabin. I 
 did the first office of a Justice of Peace to examine a seaman 
 thereupon, but could find no reason to commit him. This 
 last tide the Kingsale was also run aboard, and lost her main- 
 mast, by another ship, which makes us think it ominous to 
 the Guiny voyage, to have two of her ships spoilt before they 
 go out. After dinner, my Lady being very fearfull, she staid 
 and kept my wife there, and I and another gentleman, a 
 friend of Sir W. Pen's, went back in the barge, very merry 
 by the way, as far as White Hall in her. Mr. Moore hath 
 persuaded me to put out 250?. for 50?. per annum for eight 
 years, and I think I shall do it. 
 
 12th. To the Exchequer, and did give my mother Bowyer 
 a visit, and her daughters, the first time that I did see them 
 since I went last to sea. My father did offer me six pieces 
 of gold, in lieu of six pounds that he borrowed of me the 
 other day, but it went against me to take it of him, and there- 
 fore did not. Home and to bed, reading myself asleep, while 
 the wench sat mending my breeches by my bedside. 
 
 14th. The Comptroller told me among other persons that 
 were heretofore the principal officers of the Navy, there was 
 one Sir Peter Buck, 1 a Clerk of the Acts, of which to myself 
 I was not a little proud. 
 
 16th. In the afternoon I to White Hall, where I was sur- 
 
 ' Peter Back, secretary to Algernon Percy, Earl of Northumberland, the Lord 
 High Admiral, and afterwards knighted. Our Diarist aspired to a similar distinc- 
 tion. Buck is described in Pepys's Book of Signs Manual, as " Clerk of the Acts 
 of the Navy in 1608." 
 
132 DIAKY OF [21st Deo 
 
 prised with the news of a plot against the King's person and 
 my Lord Monk's ; and that since last night there are about 
 forty taken up on suspicion ; and, amongst others, it was my 
 lot to meet with Simon Beale, the Trumpeter, who took me 
 and Tom Doling into the Guard in Scotland Yard, and showed 
 us Major-General Overton.' Here I heard him deny that he 
 is guilty of any such things ; but that whereas it is said that 
 he is found to have brought many armes to towne, he says it 
 is only to sell them, as he will prove by oath. To my lady's, 
 and staid with her an hour or two, talking of the Duke of 
 York and his lady, the Chancellor's daughter, between whom, 
 she tells me, that all is agreed, and he will marry her. But 
 I know not how true yet. 
 
 17th. To the office, where both Sir Williams were come 
 from Woolwich, and tell us that, contrary to their expecta- 
 tions, the Assurance is got up, without much damage to her 
 body, only to the goods that she had within her, which argues 
 her to be a strong, good ship. This day my parlour is gilded, 
 which do please me well. 
 
 13th. All day at home, without stirring at all, looking after 
 my workmen. 
 
 19th. This night Mr. Gauden 2 sent me a great chine of 
 beef, and half a dozen of tongues. 
 
 20th. All day at home with my workmen, that I may get 
 all done before Christmas. This day I hear that the Princess 
 Royall has the smallpox. 
 
 21st. They told me that this is St. Thomas's, and that, by 
 an old custome, this day the Exchequer men had formerly, 
 and do intend this night to have a supper ; which, if I could, 
 I promised to come to, but did not. To my Lady's and 
 dined with her : she told me how dangerously ill the Princess 
 Royal is : and that this morning she was said to be dead. 
 But she hears that she hath married herself to young 
 
 1 See March 6, 1659-60, and note. 
 
 3 Dennis Gauden, Victualler to the Navy, subsequently knighted, while sheriff 
 of London : the large house at Clapham, in which Pepys died, was built by him, 
 and intended as a palace for the Bishops of Winchester; his brother, Dr. John 
 Gauden, at that time having expected to be translated from Exeter to that See, 
 but he was promoted to Worcester. Sir Dennis was ultimately ruined, and hi« 
 villa purchased by William Hewer. 
 
1660.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 133 
 
 Jermyn, 1 which is worse than the Duke of York's marrying 
 the Chancellor's daughter, which is now publicly owned. 
 
 22d. Went to the Sun taverne, on Fish Street hill, to a 
 dinner of Captain Teddiman's, 2 where was my Lord Inchiquin, 3 
 (who seems to be a very fine person), Sir W. Pen, Captain 
 Cuttance, and one Mr. Lawrence' 1 (a fine gentleman, now 
 going to Algiers), and other good company, where we had a 
 very fine dinner, good musique, and a great deal of wine. I 
 very merry. Went to bed : my head aching all night. 
 
 23d. (Lord's day.) In the morning to Church, where our 
 pew all covered with rosemary and baize. A stranger made 
 a dull sermon. Home, and found my wife and maid with 
 much ado had made shift to spit a great turkey sent me this 
 week from Charles Carter, my old colleague, now minister in 
 Huntingdonshire, but not at all roasted, and so I was fain to 
 stay till two o'clock, and after that to church with my wife, 
 and a good sermon there was, and so home. 
 
 24th. Commissioner Pett told me that he had lately 
 presented a piece of plate (being a couple of flaggons) to Mr. 
 Coventry, but he did not receive them, which also put me 
 upon doing the same, too ; and so after dinner I went and 
 chose a payre of candlesticks to be made ready for me at 
 Alderman Backwell's. This day the Princess Eoyall died at 
 White Hall. 
 
 25th. (Christmas Day.) In the morning to church, where 
 Mr. Mills made a very good sermon. Home to dinner, 
 where my brother Tom (who this morning come to see my 
 wife's new mantle put on, which do please me very well) to a 
 good shoulder of mutton and a chicken. After dinner to 
 church again, my wife and I, where we had a dull sermon of 
 a stranger, which made me sleep. 
 
 26th. To my Lord's, where I found Sir Thomas Bond 5 
 
 1 Henry Jermyn, Master of the Horse to the Duke of York. 
 
 3 Afterward? Admiral Sir Thomas Teddiman. 
 
 ' Murrougn O'Brien, sixth baron of Inchiquin, in Ireland, advanced to the 
 dignity of an Earl about this time. 
 
 * Afterwards Sir John Lawrence. 
 
 ' Sir Thomas Bond was a Eoman Catholio; Comptroller of the Household to 
 the Queen Dowager; created a baronet in 1658 by Charles II., to whom, whilst 
 
 Vol. I. — 15 
 
134 DIARY OF [29th Deo. 
 
 (•whom I never saw before) with a message from the Queene 
 about vessells for the carrying over of her goods. To White 
 Hall by water, and dined with my Lady Sandwich, who at 
 table did tell me how much fault was laid upon Dr. Frazer 
 and the rest of the Doctors, for the death of the Princess. 1 
 My Lord did dine this day with Sir Henry Wright, in order 
 to his going to sea with the Queen. 
 
 27th. To Alderman Backwell's again, where I found the 
 candlesticks done, and went along with him in his coach to 
 my Lord's, and left the candlesticks with Mr. Shepley. This 
 afternoon there came in a strange lord to Sir William Batten's 
 by a mistake, and takes discourse with him, so that we could 
 not be rid of him till Sir Arn [old] Breames, 2 and Mr. Bens, 
 and Sir W. Pen, fell a-drinking to him till he was drunk, 
 and so sent him away. About the middle of the night I 
 was very ill — I think with eating and drinking too much — 
 and so I was forced to call the mayde, who pleased my wife 
 and I in her running up and down so innocently in her smock. 
 
 28th. Staid within all the afternoon and evening, at my 
 lute, with great pleasure. 
 
 29th. Several people to speak with me : Mr. Shepley for 
 100?.; Mr. Kennard and Warren 3 the merchant about deales 
 for my Lord. Captain Robert Blake lately come from the 
 Streights about some Florence wine for my Lord. To Alder- 
 man Backwell's, and took a brave state-plate and cupp in 
 lieu of the candlesticks that I had the other day, and carried 
 them by coach to my Lord's, and left them there. Home 
 with my father, he telling me what bad wives both my cozen 
 
 in exile, he had advanced large sums. He died in 1685, and lies buried at Cam- 
 tterwell, in which parish he had purchased an estate at Peckham, and built a 
 house, alienated by his son, Sir Henry, to Chief Justice Trevor. 
 
 1 She died 24th December, 1660. 
 
 a Sir Arnold Breames, or Brahams, of Bridge Court, Kent, was son of Charles 
 Breames, of Dover, and was knighted at Canterbury, 27th May, 1660. He mar- 
 ried, first, Joana, daughter of Walter Henflete (or Septvans) ; secondly, Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Sir Dudley Digges, Master of the Rolls; and thirdly, Margaret, 
 daughter of Sir Thomas Palmer, of Wingham, Bart. 
 
 3 Charles II., April 12, 1662, knighted a rich tradesman of Wapping, named 
 William Warren. Le Neve says he was " a great builder of ships for King 
 Charles II. And there is still in that parish a place called " Sir William 
 Warren's Square," built on the site of the knight's residence. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 135 
 
 Joyces make to their husbands, which I much wondered at. 
 After talking of my sister's coming to me next week, I went 
 home and to bed. 
 
 30th. (Lord's day.) Being up, I went with "Will to my 
 Lord's, calling in at many churches in my way. There I 
 found Mr. Shepley in his Venetian cap, taking physic in hi? 
 chamber. Mr. Childe and I spent some time at the lute. 1 
 to the Abby, and walked there, seeing the great confusion of 
 people that come there to hear the organs. 
 
 31st. In Paul's Church-yard I bought the play of Henry 
 the Fourth, and so went to the new Theatre [Killigrew's] 
 and saw it acted ; but my expectation being too great, it did 
 not please me, as otherwise I believe it would ; and my having 
 a book, I believe did spoil it a little. That being done, I 
 went to my Lord's, where I found him private at cards with 
 my Lord Lauderdale and some persons of honour, my boy 
 taking a cat home with him from my Lord's, which Sarah 
 had given him for my wife, we being much troubled with 
 mice. At White Hall we inquiring for a coach, there was a 
 Frenchman with one eye that was going my way, so he and 
 I hired the coach between us, and he set me down in Fen- 
 church Street. Strange, how the fellow, without asking, did 
 tell me all what he was, and how he had run away from his 
 father, and come into England to serve the King, and now 
 going back again, &c. 
 
 1660-61. 
 At the end of the last and the beginning of this year, I 
 do live in one of the houses belonging to the Navy Office, as 
 one of the principal officers, and have done now about half-a- 
 year ; my family being, myself, my wife, Jane, Will. Hewer, 
 and Wayneman, 1 my girl's brother. Myself in constant good 
 health, and in a most handsome and thriving condition. 
 Blessed be Almighty God for it ! As to things of State — 
 The King settled, and loved of all. The Duke of York 
 matched to my Lord Chancellor's daughter, which do not 
 
 1 It would appear from this notice of the boy Wayneman, that he was forgiven, 
 •ad continued in Pepys's service. 
 
136 DIARY OF [let. van. 
 
 please many. The Queen upon her returne to France with 
 the Princess Henrietta. 1 The Princess of Orange 2 lately 
 dead, and we into new mourning for her. We have been 
 lately frighted with a great plot, 3 and many taken up on it, 
 and the fright not quite over. The Parliament, which had 
 done all this great good to the King, beginning to grow 
 factious, the King did dissolve it December 29th last, and 
 another likely to be chosen speedily. I take myself now to 
 be worth 3007. clear in money, and all my goods, and all 
 manner of debts paid, which are none at all. 
 
 1660-61. January 1st. Mr. Moore, to my great comfort, 
 tells me that my fees will come to 801. clear to myself, and 
 about 251. for him, which he hath got out of the pardons, 
 though there be no fees due to me at all out of them. 
 Then comes in my brother Thomas, and after him my father, 
 Dr. Thomas Pepys, my uncle Fenner and his two sons, 
 (Anthony's only child dying this morning, yet he was so 
 civil to come, and was pretty merry) to breakfast ; and I had 
 for them a barrel of oysters, a dish of neat's tongues, and a 
 dish of anchovies, wine of all sorts, and Northdown ale. We 
 were very merry till about eleven o'clock, and then they went 
 away. At noon I carried my wife by coach to my cozen, 
 Thomas Pepys, where we, with my father, Dr. Thomas, 
 cozen Hardwick, Scott, and their wives, dined. Here I saw 
 first his second wife, which is a very respectfull woman; 
 but his dinner a sorry, poor dinner for a man of his estate, 
 there being nothing but ordinary meat in it. To-day the 
 King dined at a lord's two doors from us. Mr. Moore and 
 I went to Mr. Pierce's ; in our way seeing the Duke of 
 York bring his Lady to-day to wait upon the Queen, the 
 
 1 Youngest daughter of Charles I., married soon after to Philip Duke of Orleans, 
 only brother of Louis XIV. She died suddenly in 1670, not without suspicion of 
 having been poisoned. 
 
 3 Or Princess Royal. See ante, note to May 16th, and Dec. 21st. 
 
 3 "A great rising in the city of the Fifth-monarchy men, which did very 
 much disturb the peace and liberty of the people, so that all the train-bands 
 arose in arms, both in London and Westminster, as likewise all the king's 
 guards ; and most of the noblemen mounted, and put all their servants on coach 
 horses, for the defence of his Majesty, and the peace of his kingdom." — Rugge'd 
 Diurnal. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PBPTS. 137 
 
 first time that ever she did since that business; and the 
 Queen is said to receive her now with much respect and 
 love ; and there he cast up the fees, and I told the money, 
 by the same token the 100Z. bag, after I had told it, fell all 
 about the room, and I fear I have lost some of it. Supped 
 with them and Mr. Pierce, the purser, and his wife and 
 mine, where we had a calf's head carboned, but it was raw — 
 we could not eat it — and a good hen. But she is such a, 
 slut that I do not love her victualls. 
 
 2d. My Lord did give me many commands in his business : 
 as about taking care to write to my uncle that Mr. Barne- 
 well's papers should be locked up, in case he should die, 
 he being now suspected to be very ill. Also about consulting 
 with Mr. W. Montague for the settling of the 4000Z. a-year 
 that the King had promised my Lord : as also about getting 
 Mr. George Montagu to be chosen at Huntingdon this next 
 Parliament, &c. That done, he to White Hall stairs with 
 much company, and I with him ; where we took water for 
 Lambeth, and there coach for Portsmouth. The Queen's 
 things were all in White Hall court, ready to be sent away, 
 and her Majesty ready to be gone an hour after to Hampton 
 Court to-night, and so to be at Portsmouth on Saturday next. 
 Home to dinner, where I found Pall (my sister) was come ; 
 but I do not let her sit down at table with me, 1 which I do 
 at first that she may not expect it hereafter from me. To 
 Mr. George Montagu about the business of election, and he 
 did give me a piece in gold ; so to my Lord's, and got the 
 chest of plate brought to the Exchequer, and my brother 
 Spicer put into his treasury. I took a turne in the Hall, 
 and bought the King and Chancellor's speeches at the dis- 
 solving the Parliament last Saturday. This day I left Sir 
 W. Batten and Captain Rider my chine of beefe for to serve 
 to-morrow at Trinity House, the Duke of Albemarle being 
 to be there, and all the rest of the Brethren, it being a great 
 day for the reading over of their new charter, which the 
 King hath newly given them. 
 
 3d. To the Theatre, where was acted "Beggar's Bush," it 
 
 15 * 'See ante, Not. 12th. 
 
138 DIARY OF [6th Jan. 
 
 being very well done ; and here the first time that ever I saw 
 women come upon the stage. 
 
 4th. Office all the morning, my wife and Pall being gone 
 to my father's to dress dinner for Mr. Honiwood, my mother 
 being gone out of town. I had been early this morning at 
 White Hall, at the Jewell Office, 1 to choose a piece of gilt 
 plate for my Lord, in returne of his offering to the King 
 (which it seems is usual at this time of year, and an Earle 
 gives twenty pieces in gold in a purse to the King.) I chose 
 a gilt tankard, weighing 31 ounces and a half, and he is al- 
 lowed 30 ; so I paid 12s. for the ounce and half over what he 
 is to have : but strange it was for me to see what a company 
 of small fees I was called upon by a great many to pay there, 
 which, I perceive, is the manner that courtiers do get their 
 estates. After dinner, Mr. Moore and I to the theatre, 
 where was " The Scornefull Lady " acted very well, it being 
 the first play that ever he saw. 
 
 5th. The great Tom Fuller come to me to desire a kind- 
 ness for a friend of his, 2 who hath a mind to go to Jamaica 
 with these two ships that are going, which I promised to do. 
 Staying in Paul's Churchyard, to bespeak Ogilby's iEsop's 
 Pables and Tully's Officys to be bound for me. 
 
 6th. (Lord's day.) My wife and I to church this morning. 
 To church again, where, before sermon, a long Psalm was set 
 that lasted an hour, while the sexton gathered his year's 
 contribucion through the whole church. After sermon home, 
 
 1 Several of the Jewel Office rolls are in the British Museum. They recite all 
 the sums of money given to the King, and the particulars of all the plate distri- 
 buted in his name, as well as gloves and sweetmeats. The Museum possesses these 
 rolls for the 4th, 9th, 18th, 30th, and 31st Eliz.; for the 13th Charles I. ; and the 
 23rd, 24th, 26th, and 27th of Charles II. 
 
 3 Peter Beckford, who resided in Dr. Fuller's neighbourhood. Mr. Beckford, 
 of Maidenhead, tailor, left two sons, one of whom, Thomas, a clothworker, became 
 Sheriff of London, and was knighted on the 29th December. 1677. He is the slop- 
 seller mentioned postea, Feb. 21, 1667-8. His brother, Peter Beckford, probably 
 the person alluded to in Jan. 1, 1668-9, had a son of the same names, who rose to 
 the rank of Colonel in the army, having estates in Jamaica, and settling in that 
 island. He became President of the Council there, in the latter part of Charles 
 the Second's reign ; was made Governor and Commander-in-chief by William III., 
 and died immensely rich. Governor Beckford had a son of the same names, who 
 was father of the well-known Alderman Beckford, and grandfather of the lat« 
 »wner of Fonthill. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 139 
 
 and there I went to my chamber, and wrote a letter to send 
 to Mr. Coventry with a piece of plate along with it, which I 
 do preserve among my other letters. 
 
 7th. This morning, news was brought to me to my bed- 
 side, that there had been a great stir in the city this night 
 by the Fanatiques, 1 who had been up and killed six or seven 
 men, but all are fled. My Lord Mayor and the whole City 
 had been in armes, above 40,000. Tom and I and my wife 
 to the Theatre, and there saw " The Silent Woman." 
 Among other things here, Kinaston, the boy, had the good 
 turn to appear in three shapes : first, as a poor woman in 
 ordinary clothes, to please Morose ; then in fine clothes, as a 
 gallant ; and in them was clearly the prettiest woman in the 
 whole house : and lastly, as a man ; and then likewise did 
 appear the handsomest man in the house. From thence by 
 link to my cousin Hardwicke's, where my father and we and 
 Dr. Pepys, Scott and his wife, and one Mr. Ward and his ; 
 and after a good supper, we had an excellent cake, where the 
 mark for the Queen was cut, and so there was two queens, 
 my wife and Mrs. Ward ; and the King being lost, they 
 chose the Doctor to be king : so we made him send for some 
 wine, and then home. In our way we were in many places 
 strictly examined, more than in the worst of times, there 
 being great fears of these Fanatiques rising again : for the 
 present, I do not hear that any of them are taken. 
 
 8th. To Westminster, where I dined with my Lady. 
 After dinner I took my Lord Hinchingbroke and Mr. Sidney 
 to the Theatre, and shewed them "The Widdow," 2 an 
 indifferent good play, but wronged by the women's being 
 much too sad in their parts. That being done, my Lord's 
 coach waited for us, and so back to my Lady's, where she 
 made me drink of some Florence wine, and did give me two 
 bottles for my wife. Some talk to-day of a head of Fana- 
 tiques that do appear about, but I do not believe it. How- 
 
 * Headed by the notorious Thomas Venner, the Fifth-monarchy man, a cooper, 
 and preacher to a conventicle in Coleman Street. He was a violent enthusiast and 
 leader in this insurrection, and badly wounded before he could be taken, fighting 
 with courage amounting to desperation. 
 
 * " The Widow," a comedy, by B. Jonson, Fletcher, and Middleton. 
 
140 DIARY OF [10th Jan. 
 
 ever, my Lord Mayor, Sir Richard Browne, hath carried 
 himself very honourably, and hath caused one of their 
 meeting-houses in London to be pulled down. 
 
 9th. Waked in the morning about six o'clock by people 
 running up and down in Mr. Davis's house, talking that the 
 Fanatiques were up in armes in the City. And so I rose 
 and went forth ; where in the street I found every body in 
 armes at the doors. So I returned (though with no good 
 courage at all, but that I might not seem to be afraid) and 
 got my sword and pistol, which however I had no powder to 
 charge ; and went to the door, where I found Sir R. Ford, 1 
 and with him I walked up and down as far as the Exchange, 
 and there I left him. In our way, the streets full of train- 
 bands, and great stir. What mischief these rogues have 
 done ! and I think near a dozen had been killed this morning 
 on both sides. The shops shut, and all things in trouble. 
 Home to my lute till late, and then to bed, there being strict 
 guards all night in the city, though most of the enemies, they 
 say, are killed or taken. 2 
 
 10th. There comes Mr. Hensly to me, and brings me my 
 money for the quarter of a year's salary of my place under 
 Downing that I was at sea : so I did give him half, whereof 
 he did in his noblenesse give the odd 5s. to my Jane. 
 Talking of his wooing afresh of Mrs. Lane, and of his going 
 to serve the Bishop of London. After dinner, Will comes to 
 tell me that he had presented my piece of plate to Mr. 
 Coventry, who takes it very kindly, and sends me a very 
 kind letter, and the plate back again ; of which my heart is 
 very glad. Mr. Davis told us the particular examinations of 
 these Fanatiques that are taken : and in short it is this, these 
 Fanatiques that have routed all the train-bands that they 
 met with, put the King's life-guards to the run, killed about 
 twenty men, broke through the City gates twice ; and all this 
 in the day-time, when all the City was in armes ; — are not in 
 all above 31. Whereas we did believe them (because they 
 
 1 Lord Mayor of London, 1671. 
 
 * For a contemporary account of the trials and executions of these fanatics, see 
 gomors's Trade, vol. vii., p. 469, Sir W. Scott's edition 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 141 
 
 were seen up and down in every place almost in the City, and 
 had been in Highgate 1 two or three days, and in several 
 other places) to be at least 500. A thing that never was 
 heard of, that so few men should dare and do so much 
 mischief. Their word was, " The King Jesus, and their 
 heads upon the gates." Few of them would receive any 
 quarter, but such as were taken by force and kept alive ; 
 expecting Jesus to come here and reign in the world presently, 
 and will not believe yet. The King this day come to towne. 
 
 11th. (Office day.) This day comes news, by letters from 
 Portsmouth, that the Princess Henrietta is fallen sick of the 
 meazles on board the London, after the Queen 2 and she was 
 under sail. And so was forced to come back into Portsmouth 
 harbour ; and in their way, by negligence of the pilot, run 
 upon the Horse sand. The Queen and she continued aboard, 
 and do not intend to come on shore till she sees what will 
 become of the young Princess. This newes do make people 
 think something indeed, that three of the Royal Family 
 should fall sick of the same disease, one after another. This 
 morning, likewise, we had order to see guards set in all the 
 King's yards ; and so Sir William Batten goes to Chatham, 
 Colonel Slingsby and I to Deptford and Woolwich. Ports- 
 mouth being a garrison, needs none. To the coffee-house, 
 where I met Captain Morrice, the upholsterer, who would fain 
 have lent me a horse to-night, to have rid with him upon the 
 city-guards, with the Lord Mayor, there being some new 
 expectations of these rogues ; but I refused, by reason of my 
 going out of town to-morrow. So home to bed. 
 
 12th. With Colonel Slingsby and a friend of his, Major 
 Waters, (a deafe and most amorous melancholy gentleman, 
 who is under a despayr in love, as the Colonel told me, which 
 makes him bad company, though a most good-natured man) 
 by water to Redriffe, and so on foot to Deptford. We fell 
 to choosing four captains to command the guards, and choos- 
 
 1 In Ken, or Caen Wood, to which place Venner retreated with his followers. 
 (See Neal's History of the Puritans.) The extent of Ken Wood must not be esti- 
 mated by the small portion now surrounding Lord Mansfield's mansion. Ken Wood 
 formed only a part of a large forest belonging to the See of London. 
 
 ' Henrietta Maria. 
 
 M 
 
|42 DIARY OF [15th Jan 
 
 ing the place where to keep them, and other things in order 
 thereunto. Never till now did I see the great authority of 
 my place, all the captains of the fleete coming cap in hand to 
 us. I went home with Mr. Davis,' storekeeper (whose wife 
 is ill, and so I could not see her), and was there most prince- 
 like lodged, with so much respect and honour, that I was at 
 a loss how to behave myself. 
 
 13th. (Lord's day.) To the Globe to dinner, and then with 
 Commissioner Pett to his lodgings there (which he hath for the 
 present, while he is in building the King's yacht, which will 
 be a very pretty thing, and much beyond the Duchman's), 
 and from thence by coach to Greenwich church, where a good 
 sermon, a fine church, and a great company of handsome women. 
 And so I to Mr. Davis's to bed again. But no sooner in bed, 
 but we had an alarme, and so we rose : and the Comp- 
 troller 2 comes into the yard to us ; and seamen of all the ships 
 present repair to us, and there we armed with every one a 
 handspike, with which they were as fierce as could be. At 
 last we hear that it was five or six men that did ride through 
 the guard in the towne, without stopping to the guard that 
 was there ; and, some say, shot at them. But all being 
 quiet there, we caused the seamen to go on board again. 
 
 14th. The armes being come this morning from the Tower, 
 we caused them to be distributed. I spent much time with 
 Lieutenant Lambert, walking up and down the yards, and he 
 dined with us. After dinner, Mrs. Pett lent us her coach, 
 and carried us to Woolwich, which we did also dispose of the 
 arms there, and settle the guards. 
 
 15th. Up and down the yard all the morning, and seeing 
 the seamen exercise, which they do already very handsomely. 
 Then to dinner at Mr. Ackworth's, 3 where there also dined 
 with us one Captain Bethell, a friend of the Comptroller's. A 
 good dinner, and very handsome. After that, and taking of 
 our leave of the officers of the yard, we walked to the water- 
 side, and in our way walked into the rope-yard, where I do 
 
 1 See ante, 3d December. * Sir Robert Slingsby. 
 
 " Mr. Aokworth seems to have held some office in Deptford Yard. He is fre- 
 quently mentioned. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 143 
 
 look into the tar-houses and other places, and took great 
 notice of all the several works belonging to the making of a 
 cable. So after a cupp of burnt -wine at the taverne there, 
 we took barge and went to Blackwall, and viewed the dock, 
 and the new West dock, which is newly made there, and a 
 brave new merchantman which is to be launched shortly, and 
 they say to be called the Eoyal Oake. Hence we walked to 
 Dick-Shoare, 1 and thence to the Towre, and so home. I per- 
 ceive none of our officers care much for one another, but I do 
 keep in with them all as much as I can. This day I hear 
 the Princess is recovered again. The King hath been this 
 afternoon at Deptford, to see the yacht 2 that Commissioner 
 Pett 3 is building, which will be very pretty ; as also that his 
 brother" at Woolwich is making. 
 
 16th. This morning I went early to the Comptroller's, and 
 so with him by coach to White Hall, to wait upon Mr. Co- 
 ventry, to give him an account of what we have done, which 
 having done, I went away to wait upon my Lady ; but com- 
 ing to her lodgings, I hear that she has gone this morning to 
 Chatham by coach, thinking to meet me there, which did 
 trouble me exceedingly, and [I] did not know what to do, 
 being loth to follow her, and yet could not imagine what she 
 would do when she found me not there. In this trouble, I 
 went to take a walk in Westminster Hall, and by chance met 
 with Mr. Childe, who went forth with my Lady to-day, but his 
 horse being bad, he come back again, which then did trouble 
 me more, so that I did resolve to go to her ; and so by boate 
 home, and put on my boots, and so over to Southwarke to 
 the post-house, and there took horse and guide to Dartford, 
 and then to Rochester, (I having good horses and good way, 
 
 1 Duke's- Shors Stairs is shown in one of Smith's Maps, 1806. It was not far from 
 the great turn c* the river southward, opposite to the Isle of Dogs. The proper 
 spelling might be — Dick, Dyke, Dock, Dog, or Duke, but there seems to be no 
 doubt as to the identity of the place. Dick's-shore, Fore Street, Lime-house, and 
 Dick's-Shore Alley by Dick's-Shore, are both mentioned in London and its Envi- 
 rons, vol. ii., p. 233, edit. 1761. Notes and Queries, vol. i., p. 220. 
 
 9 In 1604. a yacht bad been built for Henry Prince of Wales, by Phineag Pett, 
 to whom the English navy was much indebted in the reigns of the early Stuarts. 
 He was the father of Peter and Christopher. 
 
 ' Peter Pett ' Christopher Pett. 
 
144 DIARY OF [17th Jan. 
 
 come thither about half an hour after daylight, which was 
 before six o'clock, and I set forth after her) where I found 
 my Lady and her daughter Jem., and Mrs. Browne' and five 
 servants, all at a great loss, not finding me here, but at my 
 coming she was overjoyed. The sport was, how she had in- 
 tended to have kept herself unknown, and how the Captaine 3 
 (whom she had sent for) of the Charles had forsoothed 3 her, 
 though he knew her well enough and she him. In fine, we 
 supped merry, and so to bed, there coming several of the 
 Charles's men to see me before I got to bed. The page lay 
 with me. 
 
 17th. Up and breakfast with my Lady. Then come 
 Captain Cuttance and Blake 4 to carry her in the barge on 
 board, and so we went through Ham Creeke to the Soverayne 
 (a goodly sight all the way to see the brave ships that lie 
 here) first, which is a most noble ship. I never saw [her] 
 before. My Lady Sandwich, my Lady Jemimah, Mrs. 
 Browne, Mrs. Grace, and Mary and the page, my lady'.s 
 servants, and myself, all went into the lanthorne together. 
 From thence to the Charles, where my Lady took great 
 pleasure to see all the rooms, and to hear me tell her how 
 things are when my Lord is there. After we had seen all, 
 then the officers of the ship had prepared a handsome break- 
 fast for her, and while she was pledging my Lord's health 
 they give her five guns. That done, we went off, and then 
 they give us thirteen guns more. I confess it was great 
 pleasure to myself to see the ship that I began my good 
 fortune in. From thence on board the Newcastle, to show 
 my Lady the difference between a great and a small ship. 
 Among these ships I did give away 71. So back again, and 
 went on shore at Chatham Yard, where I had ordered the 
 coach to wait for us. Here I heard that Sir William Batten 
 
 1 Wife of Captain Arthur Browne, Sir William Batten's brother-in-law. See 
 Feb. 14, 1660-61, and for his death, April 27, 1663. 
 
 a Afterwards Sir Roger Cuttance. He was Captain of the " Naseby," rechris- 
 tened the " Charles." Henry Cuttance was Captain of the " Cheriton," or 
 " Speedwell." 
 
 3 To forsooth, is to treat a person with contempt or derision, in which sense '** 
 seems to be here used. 
 
 4 Captain Robert Blake. See ante, Dec. 23rd. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PEPYS. J45 
 
 and his lady (who I knew were here, and did endeavour to 
 avoyd) were now gone this morning to London. So we took 
 coach, and I went into the coach, and went through the 
 towne, without making stop at our inn, but left J. Goods to 
 pay the reckoning. So I rode with my lady in the coach, 
 and the page on the horse that I should have rid on — he 
 desiring it. It begun to be darke before we could come to 
 Dartford, and to rain hard, and the horses to fayle, which 
 was our great care to prevent, for fear of my Lord's dis- 
 pleasure : so here we sat up for the night, as also Captain 
 Cuttance and Blake, who come along with us. We set and 
 talked till supper. My Lady and I entered into a great 
 dispute concerning what were best for a man to do with his 
 estate — whether to make his elder son heire, which my Lady 
 is for, and I against, but rather to make all equall. This 
 discourse took us much time, till it was time to go to bed ; 
 but we being merry, we bade my Lady good night, and 
 intended to have gone to the Post-house to drink, and hear a 
 pretty girl play of the citterne (and indeed we should have 
 lain there, but by a mistake we did not), but it was late, and 
 we could not hear her, and the guard came to examine what 
 we were : so we returned to our home and to bed, the page 
 and I in one bed, and the two captains in another, all in one 
 chamber, where we had very good mirth with our most abo- 
 minable lodging. 
 
 18th. The Captains went with me to the post-house about 
 nine o'clock, and after a morning draught I took horse and 
 guide for London ; and though some rain, and a great wind 
 in my face, I got to London at eleven o'clock. At home 
 found all well, but the monkey loose, which did anger me, 
 and so I did strike her till she was almost dead, that they 
 might make her fast again, which did still trouble me 
 more. Took Mr. Holliard x to the Greyhound, where he did 
 advise me above all things, both as to the stone and the decay 
 
 1 Ward, in his Diary, p. 235, mentions that the porter at St. Thomas's Hospital 
 told him, in 1661, of Mr. Holyard's having cut thirty for the stone in one year, 
 ■who all lived. This surgeon, of whom we read so often in the Diary, was proba- 
 bly the person who operated successfully upon Pepys when afflicted with a similar 
 complaint, and hence their intimacy in after life. 
 
 Vol. I. — 16 
 
146 DIARY OP [22dJan 
 
 of my memory, (of which I now complain to him) to avoid 
 drinking often, which I am resolved, if I can, to leave off. 
 Took home with me from the bookseller's Ogilby's iEsop, 
 which he had bound for me, and indeed I am very much 
 pleased with the book. 
 
 19th. To the Comptroller's, and with him by coach to 
 White Hall ; in our way meeting Venner 1 and Pritchard upon 
 a sledge, who with two more Fifth Monarchy men were hanged 
 to-day, and the two first drawn and quartered. Went to the 
 Theatre, where I saw " The Lost Lady," 2 which do not please 
 me much. Here I was troubled to be seen by four of our 
 office clerkes, which sat in the half-crowne box, and I in the 
 Is. Od. From hence by linke, and bought two mouse-traps 
 of Thomas Pepys, the Turner. 
 
 21st. To Westminster Hall, to the Commissioners for 
 paying off the Army and Navy, where the Duke of Albemarle 
 was ; and we satt with our hatts on, and did discourse about 
 paying off the ships, and do find that they do intend to 
 undertake it without our help ; and we are glad of it, for it is 
 a work that will much displease the poor seamen, and so we 
 are glad to have no hand in it. It is strange what weather 
 we have had all this winter ; no cold at all ; but the ways are 
 dusty, and the flyes fly up and down, and the rose-bushes are 
 full of leaves, such a time of the year as was never known in 
 this world before here. This day many more of the Fifth 
 Monarchy men were hanged. 
 
 22d. To the Comptroller's house, where I read over his 
 proposals to the Lord Admirall for the regulating of the 
 officers of the Navy, in which he hath taken much pains, only 
 he do seem to have too good an opinion of them himself. 
 From thence in his coach to Mercers' Chapell, and so up to 
 the great hall, where we met with the King's Councell for 
 trade, upon some proposalls of theirs for settling convoys for 
 the whole English trade, and that by having 33 ships (four 
 fourth-rates, nineteen fifths, ten sixth) settled by the King for 
 
 1 Venner and Hodgkins were executed in Coleman Street; Pritchard and Oxman 
 at the end of Wood Street. 
 5 A tragi comedy, by Sir William Berkeley. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PBPTS. 147 
 
 that purpose, -which indeed was urged very finely by many 
 persons of honour, and merchants that were there. It pleased 
 me much now to come in this condition to this place, where 
 I was once a petitioner for my exhibition in Paul's School ; 
 and also where Sir Q. Downing (my late master) was chaire- 
 man, and so but equally concerned with me. I met with Dr. 
 Thomas Fuller : he tells me of his last and great book that is 
 coming out: that is, the History of all the Families in 
 England ; and could tell me more of my owne, than I - knew 
 myself. And also to what perfection he hath now brought 
 the art of memory ; that he did lately to four eminently great 
 scholars dictate together in Latin, upon different subjects of 
 their proposing, faster than they were able to write, till they 
 were tired ; and that the best way of beginning a sentence, if 
 a man should be out and forget his last sentence, (which he 
 never was) that then his last refuge is to begin with an 
 Utcunque. 
 
 23d. To Gresham Colledge, (where I never was before) 
 and saw the manner of the house, and found great company 
 of persons of honour there : thence to my bookseller's, and for 
 books, and to Stevens, the silversmith, to make clean some 
 plate against to-morrow, and so home, by the way paying many 
 little debts for wine and pictures, which is my great pleasure. 
 
 24th. There dined with me Sir William Batten and his lady 
 and daughter, Sir W. Pen, Mr. Fox, (his lady being ill could 
 not come) and Captain Cuttance: the first dinner I have 
 made since I come hither. This cost me above 52., and 
 merry we were — only my chimney smokes. To bed, being 
 glad that the trouble is over. 
 
 25th. Interrupted by Mr. Salisbury's coming in, who come 
 to see me, and to show me my Lord's picture in little, of his 
 doing. Truly it is strange to what a perfection he is come 
 in a year's time. This night comes two cages, which I bought 
 this evening for my canary birds, which Captain Rooth 1 this 
 day sent me. 
 
 26. There dined with me this day both the Pierces 2 and 
 
 1 Richard Booth, Captain of the Dartmouth. 
 3 The surgeon and the purser of the same name. 
 
148 DIARY OF [29th Jan. 
 
 their wives, and Captain Cuttance and Lieutenant Lambert, 
 with whom we made ourselves very merry by taking away 
 his ribbons ' and garters, having made him to confess that he 
 is lately married. 
 
 27th. (Lord's day.) Before I rose, letters come to me from 
 Portsmouth, telling me that the Princess is now well, and my 
 Lord Sandwich set sail with the Queen and her yesterday 
 from thence to France. To church : a poor dull sermon of a 
 stranger. Home, and at dinner was very angry at my people's 
 eating a fine pudding, (made me by Slater, the cooke, last 
 Thursday) without my wife's leave. This day the parson read 
 a proclamation at church, for the keeping of Wednesday next, 
 the 30th of January, a fast for the murther of the late King. 
 
 28th. Dined at home, and after dinner to Fleet Streete 
 with my sword to Mr. Brigden (lately made Captain of the 
 Auxiliaries) to he refreshed, and with him to an alehouse, 
 where I met Mr. Davenport, and after some talk of Cromwell, 
 Ireton, and Bradshaw's bodies being taken out of their graves 
 to-day, 2 I went to Mr. Crewe's, and thence to the Theatre, 
 where I saw again " The Lost Lady," which do now please 
 me better than before ; and here I sitting behind in a dark 
 place, a lady spit backward upon me by a mistake, not seeing 
 me ; but after seeing her to be a very pretty lady, I was not 
 troubled at it at all. At Mr. Holden's I bought a hat cost 
 me 35s. 
 
 29th. To Southwark, and so over the fields to Lambeth, 
 it being a most glorious and warm day even to amazement 
 for this time of the year. My Lady gone with some com- 
 pany to see Hampton Court: so we went to Blackfryers, 3 
 (the first time I ever was there since plays begun) and there, 
 after great patience, and little expectations from so poor be- 
 ginnings, I saw three acts of " The mayd in y e Mill 4 acted to 
 
 1 See ante, Jan. 24, 1659-60. 
 
 3 " Not. 28. The bodies of Oliver Cromwell, Henry Ireton, John Bradshaw, 
 and Thomas Pride, were dug up out of their graves fce be hanged at Tyburn, and 
 buried under the gallows. Cromwell's vault having been opened, the people 
 crowded very much to see him." — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
 5 At Apothecaries' Hall, where Davenant produced the First and Second 
 Parts of The Siege of Rhodes. — Downes, p. 20. 
 
 4 " The Maid of the Mill," a play by J. Fletcher and Rowley. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 149 
 
 my great content. But it being late, I left the play, and by 
 water through bridge home, and so to Mr. Turner's house, 
 where the Comptroller, Sir William Batten, and Mr. Davis, 
 and their ladies ; and here we had a most neat little but costly 
 and genteel supper. After that, a great deal of impertinent 
 mirth by Mr. Davis, and some catches, and so broke up, and 
 going away, Mr. Davis's eldest son took up my old Lady 
 Slingsby ' in his armes, and carried her to the coach, and is 
 said to be able to carry three of the biggest men that were in 
 the company, which I wonder at. 
 
 30th. (Fast day.) The first time that this day hath been yet 
 observed : and Mr. Mills made a most excellent sermon upon 
 "Lord, forgive us our former iniquities;" speaking excellently 
 of the justice of God in punishing men for the sins of their 
 ancestors. Had a letter from my brother John, a very inge- 
 nious one, and he therein begs to have leave to come to town 
 at the Coronacion. To my Lady Batten's ; where my wife 
 and she are lately come back again from being abroad, and 
 seeing of Cromwell, Ireton, 2 and Bradshaw, hanged and buried 
 at Tyburne. 3 
 
 31st. This morning about getting a ship to carry my Lord's 
 deales to Lynne, 4 and we have chosen the Gift. My Lady 
 not well, so I eat a mouthfull of dinner there. To the 
 Theatre, and there sat in the pitt among the company of fine 
 ladys, &c. ; and the house was exceeding full, to see Argalus 
 
 1 Margaret, daughter of Sir William Water, an alderman of York. She was 
 mother of the Comptroller, widow of Sir Guildford Slingsby, and, perhaps, related 
 to Major Water, Pepys's deaf friend. 
 
 3 Henry Ireton married Bridget, daughter to Oliver Cromwell, and was after- 
 wards one of Charles the First's Judges, and of the Committee who superintended 
 his execution. He died at the siege of Limerick, 1651. 
 
 3 "Jan. 30th was kept as a very solemn day of fasting and prayer. This morn- 
 ing the carcases of Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw (which the day before had 
 been brought from the Red Lion Inn, in Holborn), were drawn upon a sledge to 
 Tyburn, and then taken out of their coffins, and in their shrouds hanged by the 
 neck, until the going down of the sun. They were then cut down, their heads 
 taken off, and their bodies buried in a grave made under the gallows. The coffin 
 in which was the body of Cromwell was a very rich thing, very full of gilded 
 hinges and nails." — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
 * The timber purchased from Warren (see ante, Dec. 29, 1660), sent to Lynn to 
 be conveyed to Hinchingbrooke as the barge was, mentioned June 20, 1660. 
 
 16* 
 
150 DIARY OF [3d Feb. 
 
 and Parthenia, 1 the first time that it hath been acted : and 
 indeed it is good, though wronged by my over great expecta- 
 tions, as all things else are. 
 
 Feb. 2d. Home, where all things in a hurry for dinner 
 — a strange cooke being come in the room of Slater, who 
 could not come. There dined here my Uncle Wright and 
 my Aunt, my father and mother, and my brother Tom, Dr. 
 Fairbrother, and Mr. Mills, the parson, and his wife, who is 
 a neighbour's daughter of my uncle Robert's, and knows my 
 aunt Wright and all her and my friends there ; and so we 
 had excellent company to-day. After dinner I was sent for 
 by Sir G. Carteret. Then home ; where I found the parson 
 and his wife gone, and by and by the rest of the company, 
 very well pleased, and I too ; it being the last dinner I intend 
 to make a great while. Three dinners within a fortnight. 
 
 3d. (Lord's day.) This day I first begun to go forth in my 
 coate and sword, as the manner now among gentlemen is. In 
 my way heard Mr. Thomas Fuller preach at the Savoy upon 
 our forgiving of other men's trespasses, shewing among other 
 things that we are to go to law never to revenge, but only to 
 repayre, which I think a good distinction. To White Hall ; 
 where I staid to hear the trumpets and kettle-drums, and then 
 the other drums, which are much cried up, though I think it 
 dull, vulgar musick. So to Mr. Fox's unbidd ; where I had 
 a good dinner and special company. Among other discourse, 
 I observed one story, how my Lord of Northwich, 2 at a public 
 audience before the King of France, made the Duke of Anjou 
 
 ' "Argalus and Parthenia/' a pastoral, by Henry Glapthorn, taken from 
 Sydney's Arcadia. 
 
 a This story relates to circumstances which had occurred many years pre- 
 viously. George, Lord Goring, was sent by Charles I, as Ambassador Extraor- 
 dinary to France in 1644, to witness the oath of Louis XIV. to the observance 
 of the treaties concluded with England by his father, Louis XIII., and his grand- 
 father, Henry IV. Louis XIV. took this oath at Ruel, on the 3rd July, 164-1, 
 when he was not yet six years of age, and when his brother Philippe, then called 
 Duke of Anjou, was not four years old. Shortly after his return home, Lord 
 Soring was created, in September, 1644, Earl of Norwich, the title by which lie 
 is here mentioned. Philippe, Duke of Anjou, who was frightened by the English 
 nobleman's ugly faces, took the title of Duke of Orleans after the death of his 
 uncle, Jean Baptiste Gaston, in 1660. He married his cousin, Henrietta of Eng- 
 land, and (by his second wife) is the direct ancestor of Louis Philippe, Kiiifj if 
 the French. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 151 
 
 cry, by making ugly faces as he was stepping to the King, 
 but undiscovered. And how Sir Philip Warwick's 1 lady did 
 wonder to have Mr. Darcy 2 send for several dozen bottles of 
 Rhenish wine to her house, not knowing that the wine was 
 his. Thence to my Lord's ; where I am told how Sir Thomas 
 Crewe's 3 Pedro, with two of his countrymen more, did last 
 night kill one soldier of four that quarrelled with them in the 
 street, about ten o'clock. The other two are taken ; but he 
 is now hid at my Lord's till night, that he do intend to make 
 his escape away. 
 
 4th. To the Tavern, where Sir William Pen, and the Comp- 
 troller, and several others were, men and women ; and we had 
 a very great and merry dinner ; and after dinner the Comp- 
 troller begun some sports, among others, the naming of people 
 round, and afterwards demanding questions of them that they 
 are forced to answer their names to, which do make very good 
 sport. And here I took pleasure to take forfeits of the ladies 
 who would not do their duty by kissing of them : among others 
 a pretty lady, who I found afterwards to be wife to Sir Wil- 
 liam Batten's son. 4 We sat late, talking with my Lady and 
 others, and Dr. Whistler, 5 who I found good company and a 
 very ingenious man : so home and to bed. 
 
 5th. Washing-day. My wife and I by water to Westmin- 
 ster. She to her mother's, and I to Westminster Hall, where 
 I found a full terme, and there saw my Lord Treasurer, 6 (who 
 was sworn to-day at the Exchequer, with a great company of 
 Lords and persons of honour to attend him) go up to the 
 
 Sir Philip Warwick, employed as Secretary to Charles I. in the Isle of Wight, 
 and Clerk of the Signet, to which place he was restored in 1660; knighted, and 
 fleeted M.P. for Westminster. He was also Secretary to the Treasury under Lord 
 Southampton till 1667. Ob. 1682-3. His second wife here mentioned was Joan, 
 daughter to Sir Henry Fansbawe, and widow of Sir William Boteler, Bart. He 
 left memoirs behind him that have been published. 
 
 3 Duke D'arcy. See note ante, 24th May, 1660. 
 
 * Eldest son of Mr., afterwards Lord Crewe, whom he succeeded in that title. 
 
 4 Benjamin Batten. See ante, 26th Nov. 1660, and note. 
 
 * Daniel Whistler, Fellow of Merton College, took the degree of M.D. at Leyden, 
 1645 : and, after practising in London, went as Physician to the Embassy, with 
 Bulstrode Whitlock, into Sweden. On his return, he became Fellow, and at length 
 President, of the College of Physicians. Ob. 1684. He was nearly connected with 
 Sir John Cutler. 
 
 * Thomas Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, last of his name. 
 
152 DIARY OF [8th Fein 
 
 Treasury Office, and take possession thereof; and also saw 
 the heads of Cromwell, Bradskaw, and Ireton, set up at the 
 further end of the Hall. I went by coach to the playhouse 
 at the Theatre. Our coach in King street breaking, and so 
 took another. Here we saw Argalus and Parthenia, which I 
 lately saw, but though pleasant for the dancing and singing, 
 I do not find good for any wit or design therein. 
 
 7th. To Westminster Hall. And after a walk to my 
 Lord's ; where, while I and my Lady were in her chamber in 
 talk, in comes my Lord from sea, to our great wonder. He 
 had dined at Havre de Grace on Monday last, and come to 
 the Downes the next day, and lay at Canterbury that night ; 
 and so to Dartford, and thence this morning to White Hall. 
 Among others, Mr. Creed and Captain Ferrers tell me the 
 stories of my Lord Duke of Buckingham's and my Lord's 
 falling out at Havre de Grace, at cards ; they two and my 
 Lord St. Albans playing. The Duke did, to my Lord's dis- 
 honour, often say that he did in his conscience know the con- 
 trary to what he then said, about the difference at cards ; and 
 so did take up the money that he should have lost to my Lord, 
 which my Lord resenting, said nothing then, but that he 
 doubted not but there were ways enough to get his money of 
 him. So they parted that night ; and my Lord sent Sir. R. 
 Stayner the next morning to the Duke, to know whether he 
 did remember what he said last night, and whether he would 
 owne it with his sword and a second ; which he said he would, 
 end so both sides agreed. But my Lord St. Albans, and the 
 Queen, and Ambassador Montagu, did way-lay them at their 
 lodgings, till the difference was made up, to my Lord's honour ; 
 who hath got great reputation thereby. 
 
 8th. Captain John Cuttle, and Curtis, and Mootham, 1 and 
 I, went to the Fleece Taverne 2 to drink; and there we spent 
 till four o'clock, telling stories of Algiers, and the manner of 
 life of slaves there. And truly Captain Mootham and Mr. 
 Dawes a (who have been both slaves there), did make me fully 
 
 1 Peter Mootham, Captain of the Foresight: afterwards slain in action. 
 a In Covent Garden. 
 
 * John Dawes, created a baronet in 1663, father of Sir William Dawes, Arch- 
 bishop of York. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PEPTS. I53 
 
 acquainted with their condition there : as, how they eat no- 
 thing but bread and water. At their redemption they pay so 
 much for the water they drink at the public fountaynes, during 
 their being slaves. How they are beat upon the soles of their 
 feet and bellies, at the liberty of their padron. How they are 
 all, at night, called into their master's Bagnard ; and there 
 they lie. How the poorest men do love their slaves best. 
 How some rogues do live well, if they do invent to bring their 
 masters in so much a week by their industry or theft ; and 
 then they are put to no other work at all. And theft there 
 is counted no great crime at all. 
 
 9th. Creed and I to Whitefriars to the Play-house, and 
 saw " The Mad Lover," > the first time I ever saw it acted, 
 which I like pretty well. 
 
 10th. (Lord's day.) Took physique all day, and, God for- 
 give me, did spend it in reading of some little French 
 romances. At night my wife and I did please ourselves talk- 
 ing of our going into France, which I hope to effect this 
 summer. 
 
 12th. By water to Salsbury Court play-house, where not 
 liking to sit, we went out again, and by coach to the Theatre, 
 and there saw " The Scornfull Lady," now done by a 
 woman,' 2 which makes the play much better than ever it did 
 to me. 
 
 13th. To Sir W. Batten's, whither I sent for my wife, 
 and we chose Valentines against to-morrow. My wife chose 
 me, which did much please me; my lady Batten, Sir W. 
 Pen, &c. 
 
 14th. (Valentine's day.) Up early, and to Sir W. Batten's, 
 but eould not go in till I asked whether they that opened the 
 doore was a man or a woman, and Mingo, who was there, 
 answered a woman, which, with his tone, made me laugh; 
 so up I went, and took Mrs. Martha 3 for my Valentine 
 (which I do only for complacency), and Sir W. Batten he go 
 in the same manner to my wife, and so we were very merry. 
 
 1 By Beaumont and Fletcher. 
 
 ' Mrs. Marshall. See Downe's Rosaiua Anglicaniu, p. 6. 
 
 ' Sir William Batten's daughter. 
 
154 DIARY OF [18th Feb 
 
 About ten o'clock, we with a great deal of company went 
 down by our barge to Deptford, and there only went to see 
 how forward Mr. Pett's yacht is ; and so all into the barge 
 again, and so to Woolwich, on board the Rose-bush, Captain 
 Brown's 1 ship, that is brother-in-law to Sir W. Batten, where 
 we had a very fine dinner, dressed on shore, and great mirth, 
 and all things successfull : the first time I ever carried my 
 wife a-ship-board, as also my boy Wayneman, who hath all 
 this day been called young Pepys, as Sir W. Pen's boy young 
 Pen. The talk of the towne now is, who the King is like to 
 have for his Queen : and whether Lent shall be kept with 
 the strictnesse of the King's proclamation ; which is thought 
 cannot be, because of the poor, who cannot buy fish. And 
 also the great preparation for the King's crowning is now 
 much thought upon and talked of. 
 
 15th. Making up my accounts for my Lord to-morrow; 
 and that being done, I found myself to be clear (as I think) 
 350Z. in the world, besides my goods in my house, and all 
 things paid for. 
 
 16th. To my Lord in the morning, who looked over my 
 accounts, and agreed to them. I do also get him to sign a 
 bill (which do make my heart merry) for 60?. to me, in con- 
 sideration of my work extraordinary at sea this last voyage, 
 which I hope to get paid. To the Theatre, where I saw the 
 " Virgin Martyr," 2 a good, but too sober a play for the com- 
 pany. 
 
 17th. (Lord's day.) A most tedious, unreasonable, and 
 impertinent sermon, by an Irish doctor. His text was, 
 " Scatter them, Lord, that delight in warr." Sir W. 
 Batten and I very much angry with the parson. 
 
 18th. In the afternoon, my wife and I, and Mrs. Martha 
 Batten, my Valentine, to the Exchange, and there, upon a 
 payre of embroydered and six payre of plain white gloves, I 
 laid out 40s. upon her. Then we went to a mercer's, at the 
 end of Lombard Street, and there she bought a suit of lute- 
 string for herself; and so home. It is much talked that the 
 
 1 Arthur Browne. See ante, 16th Jan. 1660-6L 
 
 2 " The Virgin Martyr," by Masslnger and T. Decker. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 155 
 
 King is already married to the niece of the Princb io Ligne, 1 
 and that he hath two sons already by her : -which I am sorry 
 to hear ; but yet am gladder that it should be so than that 
 the Duke of York and his family should come to the crowne, 
 he being a professed friend to the Catholiques. Met with 
 Sir G. Carteret : who afterwards, with the Duke of York, my 
 Lord Sandwich, and others, went into a private room to con _ 
 suit : and we were a little troubled that we were not called in 
 with the rest. But I do believe it was upon something 
 very private. We staid walking in the gallery; where we 
 met with Mr. Slingsby, 2 who showed me the stamps of the 
 King's new coyne ; which is strange to see, how good they 
 are in the stamp, and bad in the money, for lack of skill to 
 make them. But he says Blondeau 3 will shortly come over, 
 and then we shall have it better, and the best in the world. 
 He tells me, he is sure that the King is not yet married, as it 
 is said ; nor that it is known who he will have. Spent the even- 
 ing in reading of a Latin play, the " Naufragium Joculare." 4 
 
 21st. To Westminster by coach with Sir W. Pen, and in 
 our way saw the city begin to build scaffolds against the 
 Coronacion. 
 
 22d. My wife to Sir W. Batten's, and there sat a while ; 
 he having yesterday sent my wife half-a-dozen pair of gloves 
 and a pair of silk stockings and garters, for her Valentine. 
 
 23d. This my birthday, 28 years. Mr. Hartlibb told me 
 how my Lord Chancellor had lately got the Duke of York 
 and Duchess, and her woman, my Lord Ossory 5 and a 
 Doctor to make oath before most of the Judges of the king- 
 dom concerning all the circumstances of their marriage. 
 And, in fine, it is confessed that they were not fully married 
 till about a month or two before she was brought to bed ; 
 
 1 Can this be meant for Mazarin, as the Prince de Ligne had no niece? but 
 Charles had recently made an offer to Hortense Mancini, to whom Cardinal 
 Mazarin was uncle. 
 
 2 Henry Slingsby, Master of the Mint of Kilpax, near Leeds. 
 
 1 Peter Blondeau had been employed by the Commonwealth to coin their money, 
 and after the Restoration was made Engineer of the mint. 
 
 4 A comedy, by Abraham Cowley. 
 
 " Thomas Earl of Ossory, the accomplished son of the first Duke of Orruond 
 Ob. 1680, agod 46, v. p. 
 
156 DIARY OP [26th Feb. 
 
 but that they were contracted long before, and time enough 
 for the child to be legitimate. 1 But I do not hear that it 
 ■was put to the Judges to determine whether it was so or no. 
 To my Lord, and there spoke to him about his opinion of the 
 Light, the sea-marke that Captain Murford is about, and do 
 offer me an eighth part to concern myself with it ; and my 
 Lord do give me some encouragement in it, and I shall go 
 on. To the Play-house [Davenant's], and there saw " The 
 Changeling," 2 the first time it hath been acted these twenty 
 years, and it takes exceedingly. Besides, I see the gallants 
 do begin to be tyred with the vanity and pride of the theatre 
 actors, who are indeed grown very proud and rich. I also 
 met with the Comptroller, who told me how it was easy for 
 us all, the principal officers, and proper for us, to labour to 
 get into the next Parliament ; and would have me to ask the 
 Duke's letter, 3 but I shall not endeavour it. This is now 28 
 years that I am born. And blessed be God, in a state of 
 full content, and a great hope to be a happy man in all 
 respects, both to myself and friends. 
 
 24th. (Sunday.) Mr. Mills made as excellent a sermon in 
 the morning against drunkenesse, as ever I heard in my 
 life : another good one of his in the afternoon. My Valentine 
 had her fine gloves on at church to-day that I did give her. 
 
 25th. To Mr. Symons's, where we found him abroad, but 
 she, like a good lady, within, and there we did eat some nettle 
 porrige, which was made on purpose to-day for some of their 
 coming, and was very good. 
 
 26th. (Shrove Tuesday.) To Mr. Crewe's, and there 
 delivered Cotgrave's Dictionary 4 to my Lady Jemimah. To 
 Mrs. Turner's, where several friends, all strangers to me but 
 Mrs. Armiger, dined. Very merry, and the best fritters that 
 ever I eat in my life. After that, looked out at window : saw 
 the flinging at cocks. 
 
 ' See May 6, 1661. 
 
 * " The Changeling," a tragedy, by Thomas Middleton and William Rowley, 
 4to, 1653, and 4to. 1668. The plot is taken from a, story in Reynolds's Qod't 
 Revenge against Murder. Sheppey played Antonio in " The Changeling." 
 
 3 Probably a letter of recommendation to some constituency. 
 
 4 Of the French tongue. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PBPTS. 157 
 
 27th. I walked in the garden with little Captain Murford, 
 where he and I had some discourse concerning the Light- 
 House again, and I think I shall appear in the business, he 
 promising me that if I can bring it about, it will be worth 
 1001. per annum. I called for a dish of fish, which we had 
 for dinner, this being the first day of Lent ; and I do intend 
 to try whether I can keep it or no. My father did show me 
 a letter from my brother John, wherein he tells us that he is 
 chosen schollar of the house, 1 which do please me much, 
 because I do perceive now it must chiefly come from his 
 merit, and not the power of his tutor, Dr. Widdrington, who 
 is now quite out of interest there, and hath put over his 
 pupils to Mr. Pepper, a young Fellow of the College. This 
 day the Commissioners of Parliament begin to pay off the 
 fleet, beginning with the Hampshire, and do it at Guildhall, 
 for fear of going out of the town, into the power of the 
 seamen, who are highly incensed against them. 
 
 28th. Notwithstanding my resolution, yet, for want of 
 other victualls, I did eat flesh this Lent, but am resolved to 
 eat as little as I can. This month ends with two great secrets 
 under dispute, but yet known to very few: first, Who the 
 King will marry ; and What the meaning of this fleet is which 
 we are now sheathing to set out for the southward. Most think 
 against Algiers, against the Turke, or to the East Indys against 
 the Dutch, who, we hear, are setting out a great fleet thither. 
 
 March 1st. After dinner, Mr. Shepley and I in private 
 talking about my Lord's intentions to go speedily into the 
 country, but to what end we know not. We fear he is to go 
 to sea with this fleet now preparing. But we wish that he 
 could get his 4000Z. per annum settled before he do go. To 
 White-fryars, and saw "The Bondman" 2 acted; an excellent 
 play, and well done. But above all that I ever saw, Betterton 
 do the Bondman the best. Sat up late, spending my thoughts 
 how to get money in my great expense at the Coronacion, 
 against which all provide, and scaffolds setting up in every 
 street. I had many designs in my head to get some, but 
 know not which will take. 
 
 ' Christ's College Cambridge. * By Massinger. 
 
 Vol. I. — 17 u 
 
158 D I A R Y F [8 th Marco 
 
 2d. After dinner I went to the Theatre, where I found so 
 few people (which is strange, and the reason I do not know, 
 that I went out again, and so to Salisbury Court, where the 
 house as full as could be ; and it seems it was a new play, 
 "The Queen's Maske," 1 wherein there are some good 
 humours : among others, a good jeer to the old story of the 
 Siege of Troy, making it to be a common country tale. But 
 above all it was strange to see so little a boy as that was to 
 act Cupid, which is one of the greatest parts in it. 
 
 3d. (Lord's day.) Mr. Woodcocke 2 preached at our church 
 a very good sermon upon the imaginacions of the thoughts 
 of man's heart being only evil. To my Lord's, who comes 
 in late, and tells us how news is come to-day of Mazarin's 
 being dead, 3 which is very great news, and of great conse- 
 quence. I lay to-night with Mr. Shepley here, because of 
 my Lord's going to-morrow. 
 
 4th. My Lord went this morning on his journey to 
 Hinchingbroke, Mr. Parker with him ; the chief business 
 being to look over and determine how, and in what manner, 
 his great work of building shall be done. Before his going 
 he did give me some Jewells to keep for him, viz. that that 
 the King of Sweden did give him, with the King's own 
 picture in it, most excellently done ; and a brave George, all 
 of diamonds, and this with the greatest expressions of love 
 and confidence that I could imagine or hope for, which is a 
 very great joy to me. 
 
 8th. All the morning at the office. At noon, Sir William 
 Batten, Colonel Slingsby, and I by coach to the Tower, to 
 Sir John Robinson's," to dinner; where great good cheer. 
 High company ; among others the Duchess of Albemarle, 5 
 who is ever a plain, homely dowdy. After dinner, to drink 
 all the afternoon. Towards night the Duchess and ladies 
 went away. Then we set to it again till it was very late ; 
 and at last come in Sir William Wale, 6 almost fuddled ; and 
 
 1 " Love's Mistress, or the Queen's Masque," by T. Heywood. 
 
 5 Thomas Woodcock, afterwards ejected from St. Andrew's, Undershaft. 
 
 3 Cardinal Mazarin died 27th February, 1660-61. 
 
 4 Lieutenant of that fortress. 
 
 * Anne Clarges. See Feb. 12, 1659-60, and note. 
 
 ■ Alderman and Colonel of the red regiment of Trainbands. 
 
1660-61.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 159 
 
 because I was set between him and another, only to keep 
 them from talking and spoiling the company (as we did to 
 others), he fell out with the Lieutenant of the Tower ; but 
 with much ado we made him understand his error, and then 
 all quiet. I was much contented to ride in such state into 
 the Towre, and be received among such high company, while 
 Mr. Mount, my Lady Duchess's gentleman-usher, stood wait- 
 ing at table, whom I ever thought a man so much above me 
 in all respects : also to hear the discourse of so many high 
 Cavaliers of things past. It was a great content and joy 
 to me. 
 
 9th. To my Lord's where we found him lately come from 
 Hinchingbroke. I staid and dined with him. He took me 
 aside, and asked me what the world spoke of the King's 
 marriage, which I answering as one that knew nothing, he 
 enquired no further of me. But I do perceive by it that 
 there is something in it that is ready to come out that the 
 world knows not of yet. 
 
 10th. (Lord's day.) Heard Mr. Mills in the morning, a 
 good sermon. Dined at home on a poor Lenten dinner of 
 coleworts and bacon. In the afternoon again to church, and 
 there heard one Castle, whom I knew of my year at Cam- 
 bridge. He made a dull sermon. 
 
 11th. After dinner I went to the Theatre, and there saw 
 "Love's Mistress" done by them, which I do not like in 
 some things as well as their acting in Salisbury Court. My 
 wife come home, and she had got her teeth new done by La 
 Roche, and are indeed now pretty handsome, and I was much 
 pleased with it. 
 
 12th. To Guildhall, and there set my hand to the book 
 before Colonel King for my sea-pay, and blessed be God ! 
 they have cast me at midshipman's pay, which do make my 
 heart very glad. 
 
 13th. Early up in the morning to read " The Seaman s 
 Grammar and Dictionary" I lately have got, which do please 
 me exceedingly well. 
 
 14th. To the Theatre, and there saw " King and no King" ' 
 well acted. 
 
 ' By Beaumont and Fletcher. 
 
IgQ DIARY OF [20th March, 
 
 15th. This day my wife and Pall went to see my Lady 
 Kingston, her brother's 1 lady. 
 
 16th. To Whitefryers, and there saw "The Spanish 
 Curate," 2 in which I had no great content. 
 
 17th. (Lord's day.) At church in the morning, a stranger 
 preached a good honest and painfull sermon. My wife and I 
 dined upon a chine of beef at Sir W. Batten's, so to church 
 again. Then to supper at Sir W. B. again, where my wife by 
 chance fell down and hurt her knees exceedingly. 
 
 18th. This morning early Sir William Batten went to 
 Rochester, where he expects to be chosen Parliament-man. 
 This day an ambassador from Florence was brought into the 
 towne in state. Yesterday was said to be the day that the 
 Princess Henrietta was to marry the Duke d'Anjou 3 in 
 France. This day I found in the newes-booke that Roger 
 Pepys is chosen at Cambridge for the towne, the first place 
 that we hear of to have made their choice yet. 
 
 19th. Mr. Creed and I to White-fryars, where we saw 
 " The Bondman" acted most excellently, and though I have 
 seen it often, yet I am every time more and more pleased with 
 Betterton's action. 
 
 20th. To White Hall to Mr. Coventry, where I did some 
 business with him, and so with Sir W. Pen (who I found 
 with Mr. Coventry teaching of him the map to understand 
 Jamaica). The great talk of the towne is the strange elec- 
 tion that the City of London made yesterday for parliament- 
 men ; viz. Fowke, Love, Jones, and ,* men that, so far 
 
 from being episcopall, are thought to be Anabaptists ; and 
 chosen with a great deale of zeale, in spite of the other party 
 that thought themselves so strong, calling out in the Hall, 
 "No Bishops! no Lord Bishops!" It do make people to 
 fear it may come to worse, by being an example to the coun- 
 try to do the same. And indeed the Bishops are so high, 
 that very few do love them. 
 
 1 This lady has not been identified. Balthazar St. Miohel is the only brothel 
 of Mrs Pepys, mentioned in the Diary. 
 A comedy, by Beaumont and Fletcher. 
 5 Who soon afterwards took the title of Orleans. 
 ' SirW. Thompson was the fourth member. 
 
'««■] SAMUEL PEPYS. Jgl 
 
 21st. At noon dined at my Lord's, who was very merry, 
 and after dinner we sang and fiddled a great while. This 
 day I saw the Florence Ambassador go to his audience^ the 
 weather very foule, and yet he and his company very gallant. 
 
 22d. About eight o'clock I got a horse-back, and my 
 Lady and her two daughters and Sir W. Pen into coach, and 
 so over London Bridge, and thence to Dartford. The day 
 very pleasant, though the way bad. Here we met with Sir W. 
 Batten and some company along with him, who had assisted 
 him in his election at Rochester ; and so we dined, and were 
 very merry. At five o'clock we set out again in a coach 
 home, and were very merry all the way. At Deptford we 
 met with Mr. Newborne, and some other friends and their 
 wives in a coach to meet us, and so they went home with us, 
 and at Sir W. Batten's we supped and then to bed, my head 
 aching mightily through the wine that I drank to-day. 
 
 23d. To the Red Bull x (where I had not been since plays 
 come up again) up to the tireing-room, where strange the 
 confusion and disorder that there is among them in fitting 
 themselves, especially here, where the clothes are very poore, 
 and the actors but common fellows. At last into the pitt, 
 where I think there was not above ten more than myself, 
 and not one hundred in the whole house. And the play, 
 which is called " All's Lost but Lust," 2 poorly done ; and with 
 so much disorder, among others, in the musique-room, the 
 boy that was to sing a song, not singing it right, his master 
 fell about his eares and beat him so, that it put the whole 
 house into an uprore. Met my uncle Wight, and with him 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Baron, 3 who told us how Crofton, 4 the 
 
 1 The Red Bull was in St. John's Street, Clerkenwell ; but of an inferior rank 
 to the Globe and Blackfriars Theatres, and is described as 
 
 " that degenerate stage, 
 
 Where none of the unturn'd kennel can rehearse 
 A line of serious sense." 
 
 See ante, 4th August, 1660. 
 
 * A tragedy, by W. Rowley. 
 
 ' Probably Argal Baron, of Croydon, Lieutenant-Governor of Windsor Castle, 
 and said to have been a distinguished Royalist. 
 
 " Zachary Crofton, ejected from the curacy of St. Botolph's, Aldgate, for non- 
 conformity. He was a native of Ireland; and, according to Baxter, a q«uck and 
 
 17 * 
 
162 DIAKY OF [26th March, 
 
 great Presbyterian minister that had preached so highly against 
 Bishops, is clapped up this day in the Tower, which do please 
 some, and displease others exceedingly. 
 
 24th. (Lord's day.) My wife and I to church. With Sir 
 W. Batten and my Lady to dinner, where very merry, and 
 then to church again, where Mr. Mills made a good sermon. 
 
 25th. (Lady day.) In the morning some workmen to begin 
 of making of me a new pair of stairs up out of my parlour, 
 which, with other work that I have to do, I doubt will keep 
 me this two months, and so long I shall be all in dirt ; but 
 the work do please me very well. Come Mr. Salisbury to 
 see me, and shewed me a face or two of his paynting, and 
 indeed I perceive that he will be a great master. I took him 
 to Whitehall with me by water, but he could not by any means 
 be moved to go through the bridge, and we were fain to go 
 round by the Old Swan. To my Lord's, and there I shewed 
 him the King's picture, which he intends to copy out in little. 
 After that, I and Captain Ferrers to Salisbury court by water, 
 and saw part of the " Queene's Maske." The Turner in a 
 great chafe, about being disappointed of a room to stand in at 
 the Coronacion. Homewards, and took up a boy that had a 
 lanthorne, that was picking up of rags, and got him to light 
 me home, and had great discourse with him how he could get 
 sometimes three or four bushells of rags in a day, and got 3d. 
 a bushel for them, and many other discourses, what and how 
 many ways there are for poor children to get their livings 
 honestly. 
 
 26th. This is my great day that three years ago I was cut 
 of the stone, and, blessed be God, I do yet find myself very 
 free from pain again. To my father's, where Mrs. Turner, 
 The. Joyce, Mr. Morrice, Mr. Armiger, Mr. Pierce the sur- 
 geon, and his wife, my father and mother, and myself and my 
 wife. Very merry at dinner : among other things, because 
 Mrs. Turner and her company eat no flesh this Lent, and I 
 had a great deal of good flesh, which made their mouths 
 
 warm, but upright man. He was set at liberty after a long confinement, and 
 again imprisoned in Cheshire; and, at length, returning to London, kept a schoo. 
 in Aldgate parish till his death. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 1(53 
 
 water. To Salisbury Court, and I and my wife sat in the pitt, 
 and saw " The Bondman" done to admiration. 
 
 27th. Up early. My brother Tom comes to me, and I 
 looked over my old clothes, and did give him a suit of black 
 stuff clothes, and a hat and some shoes. Sir G. Carteret 
 comes, and I did get him to promise me some money upon a 
 bill of exchange, whereby I shall secure myself of 601. At 
 noon I found my stairs quite broke down, that I could not 
 get up but by a ladder. To the Dolphin to a dinner of Mr. 
 Harris's, where Sir Williams both, and my Lady Batten,' 
 and her two daughters, and other company, where a great 
 deal of mirth, and there staid till eleven o'clock at night ; 
 and in our mirth I sang and sometimes fiddled, (there being 
 a noise of fiddlers there) and at last we fell to dancing, the 
 first time that ever I did in my life, which I did wonder to 
 see myself to do. At last, we made Mingo, Sir W. Batten's 
 black, and Jack, Sir W. Pen's, dance, and it was strange 
 how the first did dance with a great deal of seeming skill. 
 
 28th. I went to Sir Robert Slingsby (he being newly 
 maister of that title by being a Barronett), to discourse about 
 Mr. Creed's accounts to be made up ; and from thence by 
 coach to my cozen, Thomas Pepys, to borrow 1000Z. for my 
 Lord. Then with Mr. Shepley to the Theatre, and was 
 " Rollo" 2 ill acted. 
 
 31st. (Sunday.) At church, where a stranger preached like 
 a fool. Dined with my wife, staying at home, she being 
 unwilling to dress herself, the house being all dirty. 
 
 April 1st. To Whitefryars, and there saw part of " Rule 
 a Wife, and have a Wife," 3 which I never saw before, but do 
 not like it. 
 
 2d. To St James Park, where I saw the Duke of York 
 playing at Pelemele, 4 the first time that ever I saw the sport. 
 
 1 See ante, Nov. 26, 1660. 
 
 1 " Rollo, Duke of Normandy," by John Fletcher. 
 
 3 By John Fletcher. 
 
 * " A Pele Mele was made at the further end of St. James's Park, which was 
 made for His Majesty to play, being a very princely play." — Rugge. It is 
 derived from paille maille, French ; at which word Cotgrave thus describes 
 the game : — " A game, wherein a round box bowle is, with a mallet struck 
 
164 DIARY OF [5th April, 
 
 Then to my Lord's, where I dined with my Lady, and after 
 we had dined, in comes my Lord and Ned Pickering hungry 
 and there was not a bit of meat left in the house, the servants 
 having eat up all, at which my Lord was very angry, and at 
 last got something dressed. So to White-fryars, and saw 
 " The Little Thiefe," 1 which is a very merry and pretty play, 
 and the little boy do very well. Then to the Dolphin to Sir 
 W. Batten, and Pen, and other company ; among others Mr. 
 Delabar ; where strange how these men, who at other times 
 are all wise men, do now, in their drink, betwitt 2 and reproach 
 one another with their former conditions, and their actions as 
 in public concerns, till I was ashamed to see it. 
 
 3d. Up among my workmen, my head akeing all day from 
 last night's debauch. At noon dined with Sir W. Batten 
 and Pen, who would have me drink two good draughts of 
 sack to-day, to cure me of my last night's disease, 3 which I 
 thought strange, but I think find it true. I hear that the 
 Dutch have sent the King a great present of money, which 
 we think will stop the match with Portugall ; and judge this 
 to be the reason that our so great haste in sending the two 
 ships to the East Indys is also stayed. 
 
 5th. Up among my workmen and so to the office, and then 
 to Sir William Pen's, with the other Sir William, and Sir 
 John Lawson to dinner, and after that, with them to Mr. 
 Lucy's, a merchant, where much good company, and there 
 drank a great deal of wine, and in discourse fell to talk of 
 the weight of people, which did occasion some wagers, and 
 where among others I won half a piece to be spent. Then 
 home, and at night to Sir W. Batten's, and there very merry 
 with a good barrell of oysters, and this is the present life I 
 lead. Home and to bed. 
 
 through a high arch of iron (standing, at either end of an alley, one), which he 
 that can do at the fewest blows, or at the number agreed on, wins." In Franco, 
 it was the common appellation of those places where the game was practised. 
 " As soon as the weather and my leisure permit, you shall have the account you 
 desire of our Paille-Mailes, which are now only three. — viz, the Thuilleries, the 
 Palais Royal, and the Arsenal." — Letter of Sir Richard Browne, Addit. MSS. 
 No. 15,857, fol. 149, in British Museum. 
 
 1 " Night Walker, or Little Thief," by John Fletcher and James Shirley. 
 
 3 To upbraid. 
 
 3 Hence the proverb, " Take a hair of the dog that bit you." 
 
1660*1.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 165 
 
 6th. Among other things met with Mr. Townsend, who told 
 of his mistake the other day, to put both his legs through one 
 of his knees of his breeches, and went so all day. Creed and 
 I to Salisbury Court, and there saw "Love's Quarrell" acted 
 the first time, but I do not like the design nor words. 
 
 7th. (Lord's day.) All the morning at home, making up my 
 accounts (God forgive me !) to give up to my Lord this after • 
 noon. Then put in at Paul's, where I saw our minister, 
 Mr. Mills, preaching before my Lord Mayor. To White 
 Hall, and there I met with Dr. Fuller 1 of Twickenham, 
 newly come from Ireland; and took him to my Lord's, 
 where he and I dined ; and he did give my Lord and me a 
 good account of the condition of Ireland, and how it come to 
 pass, through the joyning of the Fanatiques and the Presby- 
 terians, that the latter and the former are in their declaration 
 put together under the names of Fanatiques. After dinner, 
 my Lord and I and Mr. Shepley did look over our accounts, 
 and settle matters of money between us ; and my Lord did 
 tell me much of his mind about getting money, and other 
 things of his family, &c. 
 
 8th. About eight o'clock, we took barge at the Tower, Sir 
 William Batten and his lady, Mrs. Turner, Mr. Fowler, and 
 I. A very pleasant passage, and so to Gravesend, where we 
 dined, and from thence a coach took them, and me, and Mr. 
 Fowler, with some others, come from Rochester to meet us, 
 on horseback. At Rochester, where alight at Mr. Alcock's, 
 and there drank, and had good sport, with his bringing out 
 so many sorts of cheese. Then to the Hill-house at Chatham, 
 where I never was before, and I found a pretty pleasant 
 house, and am pleased with the armes that hang up there. 
 Here we supped very merry, and late to bed ; Sir William 
 telling me that old Edgeborrow, his predecessor, did die and 
 walk in my chamber, did make me somewhat afraid, but not 
 so much as, for mirth's sake, I did seem. So to bed in the 
 Treasurer's chamber. 
 
 1 William Fuller, of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, was a schoolmaster at Twickenham 
 daring the Rebellion; and at the Restoration became Dean of St. Patrick's, and, 
 in 1663, Bishop of Limerick; from which See, in 1667, he was translated to Lin- 
 coln. Ob. 1675. 
 
1,3(3 DIARY OF [9th April 
 
 9th. Lay and slept well till three in the morning, and 
 then waking, and by the light of the moon I saw my pillow 
 (■which overnight I flung from me) stand upright, but, not 
 bethinking myself what it might be, I was a little afraid, but 
 sleep overcome all, and so lay till nigh morning, at which 
 time I had a candle brought me, and a good fire made, and 
 in general it was a great pleasure all the time I staid here 
 to see how I am respected and honoured by all people ; and 
 I find that I begin to know now how to receive so much 
 reverence, which, at the beginning, I could not tell how to 
 do. Sir William and I by coach to the dock, and there 
 viewed all the storehouses, and the old goods that are this 
 day to be sold, which was great pleasure to me, and so back 
 again by coach home, where we had a good dinner, and, 
 among other strangers that come, there was Mr. Hempson 
 and his wife, a pretty woman, and speaks Latin ; Mr. Allen, 
 and two daughters of his, both very tall, and the youngest' 
 very handsome, so much as I could not forbear to love her 
 exceedingly, having, among other things, the best hand that 
 ever I saw. After dinner, we went to fit books and things 
 (Tom Hater having this morning come to us) for the sale, by 
 an inch of candle, and very good sport we and the ladies 
 that stood by had, to see the people bid. Among other 
 things sold there was all the State's armes, 2 which Sir W. 
 Batten bought ; intending to set up some of the images in 
 his garden, and the rest to burn on the Coronacion night. 
 The sale being done, the ladies and I, and Captain Pitt, and 
 Mr. Castle took barge, and down we went to see the 
 Sovereigne, which we did, taking great pleasure therein, 
 singing all the way, and, among other pleasures, I put my 
 Lady, Mrs. Turner, Mrs. Hempson, and the two Mrs. Aliens, 
 into the lanthorn, and I went in and kissed them, demanding 
 it as a fee due to a principall officer, with all which we were 
 exceeding merry, and drunk some bottles of wine, and neat'a 
 tongue, &c. Then back again home, and so supped, and, 
 after much mirth, to bed. 
 
 ' Rebecca,, who afterwards married Lieutenant Jewkes. See Diary, 1st April, 
 1667. 
 * i. e. Coats of arms. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. Igf 
 
 10th. In the morning to see the Dock-houses. First, Mr. 
 Pett's, the builder, and there was very kindly received, and 
 among other things he did offer my Lady Batten a parrot, the 
 best I ever saw, that knew Mingo so soon as it saw him, 
 having been bred formerly in the house with them ; but for 
 talking and singing I never heard the like. My Lady did 
 accept of it. Then to see Commissioner Pett's house, he and 
 his family being absent, and here I wondered how my Lady 
 Batten walked up and down with curious looks to see how 
 neat and rich everything is ; and indeed both the house and 
 garden is most handsome, saying that she would get it, for it 
 belonged formerly to the Surveyor of the Navy. Then on 
 board the Prince, now in the dock, and indeed it has one and 
 no more rich cabins for carved work, but no gold in her. 
 After that, back home, and there eat a little dinner. Then 
 to Rochester, and there saw the Cathedrall, which is now fit- 
 ting for use, and the organ then a-tuning. Then away thence, 
 observing the great doors of the church, as they say, covered 
 with the skins of the Danes. 1 And also had much mirth at a 
 tombe. So to the Salutacione tavern, where Mr. Alcock and 
 many of the towne come and entertained us with wine and 
 oysters and other things, and hither come Sir John Minnes to 
 
 1 Traditions similar to that at Rochester, here alluded to, are to be found in 
 other places in England. Sir Harry Englefield, in a communication made to the 
 Society of Antiquaries, July 2, 1789, called their attention to the curious popular 
 tale preserved in the village of Hadstock, Essex, that the door of the church had 
 been covered with the skin of a Danish pirate, who had plundered the church. 
 At Codford, in the same county, Sir Harry remarked that an exactly similar tra- 
 dition existed. At Worcester, likewise, it was asserted that the north doors of 
 the cathedral had been covered with the skin of a person who had sacrilegiously 
 robbed the high altar. The doors have been renewed, but the original wood- 
 work remains in the crypt, and portions of skin may still be seen under the 
 ironwork, with which the doors are clamped. The date of these doors appears 
 ' to be the latter part of the fourteenth century, the north porch having been 
 built about 1385. Portions of this supposed human skin, from each of the 
 three places above mentioned, have recently been obtained, and submitted to 
 one of our most skilful comparative anatomists, Mr. John Quequett, Curator of 
 the Museum of the College of Surgeons, who, by aid of a powerful microscope, 
 has ascertained, beyond question, that in eaoh of the three cases the skin is 
 human ; and that, in the instance of Hadstock, it was the skin of a fair -haired 
 person — a fact consistent with the tale of its Danish origin. A portion of the 
 Worcester skin is to be found in the collection of Worcestershire curiosities, be- 
 queathed by Dr. Prattinton to the Society of Antiquaries. — Communicated 6} 
 Albert Way, Esq., F.S.A. See also the Appendix for further particulars. 
 
ItJg DIARY OF [11th April, 
 
 us, who is come to-day from London to see " the Henery," 
 in which he intends to ride as Vice-Admiral in the narrow seas 
 all this summer. Here much mirth, but I was a little troubled 
 to stay too long, because of going to Hempson's, which after- 
 wards we did, and found it in all things a most pretty house, 
 and rarely furnished, only it had a most ill accesse on all sides 
 to it, which is a greatest fault that, I think, can be in a house. 
 Here we had, for my sake, two fiddles, the one a base viall, 
 on which he that played, played well some lyra lessons, but 
 both together made the worst musique that ever I heard. We 
 had a fine collacion, but I took little pleasure in that, for the 
 illness of the musique, and for the intentnesse of my mind 
 upon Mrs. Rebecca Allen. After we had done eating, the 
 ladies went to dance, and among the men we had, I was 
 forced to dance, too ; and did make an ugly shift. Mrs. R. 
 Allen danced very well, and seems the best humoured woman 
 that ever I saw. About nine o'clock Sir William and my 
 Lady went home, and we continued dancing an hour or two, 
 and so broke up very pleasant and merry, and so walked home, 
 I leading Mrs. Rebecca, who seemed, I know not why, in that 
 and other tilings, to be desirous of my favours, and would in 
 all things show me respects. Going home, she would needs 
 have me sing, and I did pretty well, and was highly 
 esteemed by them. So to Captain Allen's (where we were last 
 night, and heard him play on the harpsichon, and I find him 
 to be a perfect good musician), and there, having no mind to 
 leave Mrs. Rebecca, I did what with talk and singing (her 
 father and I), Mrs. Turner and I staid there till two o'clock 
 in the morning, and was most exceeding merry, and I had the 
 opportunity of kissing Mrs. Rebecca very often. 
 
 11th. At two o'clock, with very great mirth, we went to 
 our lodging and to bed, and lay till seven, and then called up 
 by Sir W. Batten ; so I rose, and we did some business, and 
 then come Captain Allen, and he and I withdrew, and sang a 
 song or two, and among others, took great pleasure in " Goe 
 and bee hanged, that's twice good bye." The young ladies 
 come too, and so I did again please myself with Mrs. Rebecca ; 
 and about nine o'clock, after we had breakfasted, we sett forth 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 169 
 
 for London, and indeed I was a little troubled to part with 
 Mrs. .Rebecca, for which God forgive me. Thus we went away 
 through Rochester. We baited at Dartford, and thence to 
 London, but of all the journeys that ever I made, this was 
 the merriest, and I was in a strange moode for mirth. Among 
 other things, I got my Lady to let her mayd, Mrs. Anne, to 
 ride all the way on horseback, and she rides exceeding well ; 
 and so I called [her] my clerk, that she went to wait upon 
 me. I met two little schoolboys going with pitchers of ale to 
 their schoolmaster to break up against Easter, and I did drink 
 of some of one of them, and give him two-pence. By and by, 
 we come to two little girls keeping cowes, and I saw one of 
 them very pretty, so I had a mind to make her aske my bless- 
 ing, and telling her that I was her godfather, she asked me 
 innocently whether I was not Ned Warding, and I said that 
 I was, so she kneeled down, and very simply called, " Pray, 
 godfather, pray to God to bless me," which made us very 
 merry, and I gave her two-pence. In several places, I asked 
 women whether they would sell me their children, but they 
 denied me all, but said they would give me one to keep for 
 them, if I would. Mrs. Anne and I rode under the man that 
 hangs upon Shooter's Hill, and a filthy sight it was to see how 
 his flesh is shrunk to his bones. So home, and I found all 
 well, and a good deal of work done since I went. So to bed 
 very sleepy for last night's work, concluding that it is the plea- 
 santest journey in all respects that ever I had in my life. 
 
 12th. Up among my workmen. Dined with Sir W. Batten, 
 all fish dinner, it being Good Friday. Then into the City, 
 and saw in what forwardness all things are for the Corona- 
 cion, which will be very magnificent. Home, and to my 
 chamber, to set down, in my diary, all my late journey, which 
 I do with great pleasure ; and while I am now writing, comes 
 one with a tickett to invite me to Captain Robert Blake's 
 buriall, for whose death I am very sorry, and do much wonder 
 at it, he being a little while since a very likely man to live as 
 any 1 knew. Since my going out of town, there is one Alex- 
 ander Rope taken, and sent to the Counter, by Sir Thomas 
 Allen, for counterfeiting my hand to a ticket, and we this 
 Vol. I. — 18 
 
170 D I ART OF [HthAi.ril, 
 
 aay, at the office, have given order to Mr. Smith to prosecute 
 him. 
 
 13th. To Whitehall by water from Towre-wharfe, where we 
 could not pass the ordinary way, because they were mending 
 of the great stone steps against the Coronacion. Met my Lord 
 with the Duke ; and after a little talk with him, I went to the 
 Banquet-house, and there saw the King heale, the first time 
 that ever I saw him do it ; which he did with great gravity, 
 and it seemed to me to be an ugly office and a simple one. 
 To the buriall of Captain Robert Blake, at Wapping, and there 
 had each of us a ring, but it being dirty, we could not go to 
 church with them. Sir W. Batten this day gone with his 
 lady to Walthamstowe to keep Easter. 
 
 14th. (Easter. Lord's day.) In the morning heard Mr. 
 Jacomb, 1 at Ludgate, upon these words, " Christ loved you, 
 and therefore let us love one another," and made a gracy 
 sermon, like a Presbyterian. After dinner, to the Temple, 
 and there heard Dr. Griffith, 2 a good sermon for the day ; so 
 with Mr. Moore (whom I met there) to my Lord's, and there 
 he shewed me a copy of my Lord Chancellor's patent for 
 Earle, and I read the preamble, which is very short, modest, 
 and good. Here my Lord saw us, and spoke to me about 
 getting Mr. Moore to come and governe his house while he 
 goes to sea, which I promised him to do, and did afterwards 
 speak to Mr. Moore, and he is willing. Hearing that Mr. 
 Barnwell is come, with some of my Lord's little children, yes- 
 terday to town, to see the Coronacion, I went and found them 
 at the Goate, at Charing Cross, and there I went and drank 
 with them a little while, whom I found in very good health, 
 and very merry. 
 
 1 Thomas Jacomb, of Burton Lazers, Leicestershire, entered at Magdalen 
 Hall, Oxford, in 1640 j but removing to Cambridge on the breaking out of the 
 Bebellion, he obtained a Fellowship at Trinity College, in the place of a loyalist 
 ejected, and had the degree of M.A. conferred on him. He afterwards became 
 rector of St. Martin's-infra-Ludgate, in London ; and was put out for noncon- 
 formity in 1662, being then L\D. He subsequently followed the trade of con- 
 venticling, which brought him into trouble ; and he died March 27, 1687 in the 
 house of the Countess of Exeter, to whom he was domestic chaplain. — Abridged 
 from Kennett'3 Register. 
 
 * Matthew Griffith, D.D., rector of St. Mary Magdalene, Old Fish Street, and 
 preacher at the Temple. He was an Episcopalian, and author of several printed 
 sermons. He died in 1665. 
 
1661-] SAMUEL PEPYS. 171 
 
 15th. A very foule morning for the King and Lords to go 
 to Windsor. Home with Sir R. Slingsby, and dined with 
 him, and had a very good dinner. His lady 1 seems a good 
 woman, and very desirous they were to hear this noon by the 
 post how the election has gone at Newcastle, wherein he is 
 concerned, but the letters are not come yet. 
 
 16th. So soon as word was brought me that Mr. Coventry 
 was come with the barge to the Tower, I went to him, and 
 found him reading of the psalms in short-hand (which he is 
 now busy about), and had good sport about the long marks 
 that are made there for sentences in divinity, which he is 
 never like to make use of. Then we put off for Deptford, 
 where we went on board the King's pleasure-boat that Com- 
 missioner Pett is making, and indeed it will be a most pretty 
 thing. By the way they would have me sing, which I did to 
 Mr. Coventry. 
 
 17th. By land, and saw the arches, 2 which are now almost 
 done, and are very fine, and I saw the picture of the ships 
 and other things this morning, set up before the East Indy 
 House, which are well done. Comes Mr. Allen, of Chatham, 
 and I took him to the Mitre, and there did drink with him. 
 His daughters 3 are to come to town to-morrow, but I know 
 not whether I shall see them. Talk of Mr. Warren's 4 being ' 
 knighted by the King, and Sir W. B. seemed to be very 
 much incensed against him. 
 
 18th. Up with my workmen, and then, about nine o'clock, 
 took horse with both the Sir Williams, for Walthamstow, and 
 there we found my Lady and her daughters all ; ° and a 
 pleasant day it was, and all things else, but that my Lady was 
 in a bad moode, which we were troubled at, and had she been 
 noble, she would not have been so with her servants, when we 
 come thither, and this Sir W. Pen took notice of, as well as 
 I. After dinner, we all went to the Church-stile, 6 and there 
 
 1 Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edward Radelyffe, of Dilston, Northumberland, 
 and widow of Sir William Fenwiek, Bart., of Meldon. Sir R. Slingsby's first wife 
 was Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Robert Brooke, of Newcells. 
 
 a Erecting in honour of the Coronation. 3 See ante, April 9, 1661. 
 
 4 See ante, Dec. 29, 1660, and note. ' See ante, March 27, 1661. 
 
 6 In an old book of accounts belonging to Warrington Parish, the following 
 minute occurs: — "Nov. 5, 1688. Payd for drink at the GhurcTi-Steele, 13«.;" 
 
172 DIARY OF [20th April, 
 
 eate and drank, and I was as merry as I could counterfeit 
 myself to be. Then, it raining hard, homewards again, and 
 in our way met with two country fellows upon one horse, 
 which I did, without much ado, give the way to, but Sir W. 
 Pen would not, but struck them, and they him, and so passed 
 away, but they, giving him some high words, he went back 
 again, and struck them off their horse, in a simple fury, and 
 without much honour, in my mind, and so come away. 
 
 19th. So foule that I could not go to White Hall to see the 
 Knights of the Bath made to-day, which do trouble me mightily. 
 
 20th. Comes my boy to tell me that the Duke of York had 
 sent for all the principal officers, &c. to come to him to-day. 
 So I went by water to Mr. Coventry's, and there staid and 
 talked a good while with him till all the rest come. We went 
 up and saw the Duke dress himself, and in his night habitt he 
 is a very plain man. 1 Then he sent us to hi3 closett, where 
 we saw among other things two very fine chests, covered with 
 gold and Indian varnish, given him by the East Indy Company 
 of Holland. The Duke comes ; and after he had told us 
 that the fleet was designed for Algiers (which was kept from 
 us till now), we did advise about many things as to the fitting 
 of the fleet, and so went away. After that, to my Lord's, 
 where Sir W. Pen came to me, and dined with my Lord. 
 After dinner, he and others that dined there went away ; and 
 then my Lord looked upon his pages' and footmen's liverys 
 which are come home to-day, and will be handsome, though 
 not gaudy. Then with my Lady and my Lady Wright to 
 White Hall ; and in the Banqueting-house saw the King 
 create my Lord Chancellor, and several others, Earles, 2 and 
 
 ,and in 1732, "it is ordered that hereafter no money be spent on y e 5th of Novem- 
 ber, or any other state day, on the parish account, either at the Church-Stile, or 
 at any other place." — Gent. Mag., Nov. 1852, p. 442. Thus the original reading 
 is confirmed; for it had been suggested in the Gent. Mag. that this should be 
 Church ale. 
 
 1 "No man is a hero to his valet-de-chambre," a saying of the Prince de 
 CondS. 
 
 a Edward Hyde, Viscount Cornbury, and Earl of Clarendon, extinct : Arthur 
 (Lord Capel), Viscount Maiden, and Earl of Essex ; Thomas (Lord Brudenell), 
 Earl of Cardigan ; Charles Howard, Lord Dacre, Viscount Howard of Morpeth, 
 and Earl of Carlisle; Sir Arthur Annesley (Viscount Valentia), Lord Annesley, 
 and Earl of Anglesea; Sir John Granville, Viscount Lansdowne, and Earl of 
 Bath, extinct. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. J7g 
 
 Mr. Crewe and several others, Barons ; ' the first being led 
 up by Heralds and five old Earles to the King, and there the 
 patent is read, and the King puts on his vest, and sword, and 
 coronett, and gives him the patent. And then he kisseth the 
 King's hand, and rises and stands covered before the King. 
 And the same for each Baron, only he is led up by three of 
 the old Barons. And they are girt with swords before they 
 go to the King. That being done (which was very pleasant 
 to see their habitts), I carried my Lady back, and there I 
 found my Lord angry, for that his page had let my Lord's 
 new beaver hat be changed for an old hat : then I went 
 away, and with Mr. Creed to the Exchange, and bought some 
 things, as gloves, and bandstrings, &c. So back to the Cock- 
 pitt ; and there, by the favour of one Mr. Bowman, he and I 
 got in, and there saw the King and Duke of York and his 
 Duchesse (which is a plain woman, and like her mother, my 
 Lady Chancellor). And so saw ' ' The Humersome Lieutenant. ' * 2 
 acted before the King, but not very well done. But my 
 pleasure was great to see the manner of it, and so many great 
 beauties, but, above all, Mrs. Palmer, with whom the King 
 do discover a great deal of familiarity. So Mr. Creed and I 
 (the play being done) went to Mrs. Harper's, and there sat 
 and drank, it being about twelve at night. The ways being 
 so dirty, and stopped up with the rayles which are this day 
 set up in the streets, I could not go home, but went with him 
 to his lodging at Mr. Ware's, and there lay all night. 
 
 21st. (Lord's day.) In the morning we were troubled to 
 hear it rain as it did, because of the great show to-morrow. 
 Dined with Dr. Thomas Pepys 3 and Dr. Fayrebrother ; and 
 all our talk about to-morrow's show, and our trouble that it is 
 like to be a wet day. All the way is so thronged with people 
 to see the triumphal arches, that I could hardly pass for them. 
 
 1 John Crewe, Baron Crewe of Stene, extinct; Denzil Holies, Baron Holies of 
 Ifield, extinct; Sir Frederic Cornwallis, Bart, Baron Cornwallis of Eye, extinct; 
 Sir Horace Townshend, Bart.. Baron Townshend of King's Lynn (merged in 
 the Marquisate) ; Sir A. A. Cooper, Bart., Baron Ashley of Winborne, St. Giles 
 (merged in the Earldom of Shaftesbury); Sir George Booth, Bart., Baron 
 Delamere of Dunham Massey, extinct. 
 
 3 " The Humorous Lieutenant," a tragi-cotnedy, by John Fletcher. 
 
 ■ Doctor in Civil Law. 
 
 18* o 
 
174 DIARY OF [22d April, 
 
 Home, jeople being at church, and I got home unseen, and 
 so up to my chamber, and sat down these last five or six days 
 Diarys. 
 
 22d. The King's going from the Tower to White Hall. 
 Up early, and made myself as fine as I could, and put on my 
 velvet coat, the first day that I put it on, though made half a 
 year ago. And being ready, Sir W. Batten, my Lady, and his 
 two daughters, and his son and wife, and Sir W. Pen and his 
 son and I, went to Mr. Young's, the flag-maker in Corne-hill ; 
 and there we had a good room to ourselves, with wine and 
 good cake, and saw the show very well. In which it is im- 
 possible to relate the glory of this day, expressed in the 
 clothes of them that rid, and their horses and horse-clothes. 
 Among others, my Lord Sandwich's embroidery and diamonds 
 were not ordinary among them. The Knights of the Bath 
 was a brave sight of itself ; and their Esquires, among which 
 Mr. Armiger was an Esquire to one of the Knights. Re- 
 marquable were the two men that represent the Dukes of Nor- 
 mandy and Aquitane. The Bishops come next after Barons, 
 which is the higher place ; which makes me think that the 
 next Parliament they will be called to the House of Lords. 
 My Lord Monk rode bare after the King, and led in his hand 
 a spare horse, as being Master of the Horse. The King, in 
 a most rich embroidered suit and cloak, looked most noble. 
 Wadlow,' the vintner, at the Devil, in Fleet Street, did lead 
 a fine company of soldiers, all young, comely men, in white 
 doublets. There followed the Vice-Chamberlain, Sir G. 
 Carteret, a company of men all like Turkes ; 2 but I know not 
 yet what they are for. The streets all gravelled, and the 
 houses hung with carpets before them, made brave show, and 
 the ladies out of the windows. So glorious was the show with 
 gold and silver, that we were not able to look at it, our eyes 
 at last being so much overcome. Both the King and the 
 Duke of York took notice of us, as they saw us at the 
 
 1 The Ashmolean Museum Catalogue mentions " Eight verses upon Simon 
 Wadloe, Vintner, dwelling att y e sign of y e Devill and St. Dunstan." — Apollo et 
 Cohors Muaarum, p. 54. 
 
 a This company is represented in the curious contemporary picture by Stoop, 
 now at Goodrich Court, Herefordshire. 
 
1661 -] SAMUEL PEPTS. 175 
 
 window. In the evening, by water to White Hall to my 
 Lord's, and there I spoke with my Lord. He talked with me 
 about his suit, which was made in France, and cost him 200L, 
 and very rich it is with embroidery. The show being ended, 
 Mr. Young did give us a dinner, at which we very merry, and 
 pleased above imagination at what we have seen. Sir W. 
 Batten going home, he and I called, and drunk some wine, 
 and laid our wager about my Lady Faulconbridge's name, 
 which he says not to be Mary, 1 and so I won above 20s. So 
 home, where Will and the boy staid, and saw the show upon 
 Towre-hill, and Jane at T. Pepys's the Turner, and my wife 
 at Charles Glasseeoeke's in Fleet Street. 
 
 CORONAC(5N day. 
 
 23d. About four I rose and got to the Abbey, where I 
 followed Sir J. Denham, the surveyor, with some company he 
 was leading in. And with much ado, by the favour of Mr. 
 Cooper, his man, did get up into a great scaffold across the 
 North end of the Abbey, where with a great deal of patience 
 I sat from past four till eleven before the King come in. And 
 a great pleasure it was to see the Abbey raised in the middle, 
 all covered with red, and a throne (that is, a chaire) and foot- 
 stoole on the top of it ; and all the officers of all kinds, so 
 much as the very fiddlers, in red vests. At last comes in the 
 Dean 2 and Prebendaries of Westminster, with the Bishops, 
 (many of them in cloth of gold copes,) and after them the 
 Nobility, all in their Parliament robes, which was a most 
 magnificent sight. Then the Duke and the King with a 
 sceptre 3 (carried by my Lord Sandwich) and sword and wand 
 before him, and the crowne too. The King in his robes,. 
 bare-headed, which was very fine. And after all had placed 
 themselves, there was a sermon and the service ; and then in 
 
 * Mary, daughter of Oliver Cromwell, second wife of Thomas, second Viscount 
 Faleonborg, afterwards Earl of Falconberg. 
 
 3 John Barle, S.T.P., in 1662 made Bishop of Worcester, and translated to 
 Salisbury the following year: and dying in 1665, was buried in the chapel of 
 Merton College, of which he had been a Fellow. 
 
 * A sceptre. It was St. Edward's staff. 
 
176 DIARY OF [23dApriL 
 
 the Quire at the high altar, the King passed through all the 
 ceremonies of the Coronacon, which to my great grief I and 
 most in the Abbey could not see. The crowne being put 
 upon his head, a great shout begun, and he come forth to the 
 throne, and there passed through more ceremonies : as taking 
 the oath, and having things read to him by the Bishopp ; l 
 and his lords (who put on their caps 2 as soon as the King put 
 on his crowne) and bishops come, and kneeled before him. 
 And three times the King at Armes 3 went to the three open 
 places 4 on the scaffold, and proclaimed, that if any one could 
 show any reason why Charles Stewart should not be King of 
 England, that now he should come and speak. And a Generall 
 Pardon also was read by the Lord Chancellor, and meddalls flung 
 up and down by my Lord Cornwallis, 5 of silver, but I could 
 not come by any. But so great a noise that I could make 
 but little of the musique ; and indeed, it was lost to every 
 body. I went out a little while before the King had done all 
 his ceremonies, and went round the Abbey to Westminster Hall, 
 all the way within rayles, and 10,000 people with the ground 
 covered with blue cloth ; and scaffolds all the way. Into the 
 Hall I got, where it was very fine with hangings and scaffolds 
 one upon another full of brave ladies ; and my wife in one 
 little one, on the right hand. Here I staid walking up and 
 down, and at last upon one of the side stalls I stood and saw 
 the King come in with all the persons (but the soldiers) that 
 
 1 Gilbert Sheldon, Bishop of London, acting for Juxon, Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury, whose age and infirmities prevented him from attending. 
 
 * As yet Barons had no coronet. A grant of that outward mark of dignity 
 was made to them by Charles soon after his coronation. Elizabeth had assigned 
 coronets to Viscounts. 
 
 3 Sir Edward Walker, Garter King of Arms. 
 
 * The south, west, and north sides. 
 
 s Sir Frederick Cornwallis, Baronet, had been created a Baron three days 
 before the coronation. He was Treasurer of His Majesty's Household, and a 
 Privy Councillor. He had married Elizabeth, daughter of John Ashburnham. 
 His wife, therefore, and her brother, John Ashburnham, were first cousins to 
 Villiers Duke of Buckingham. Bugge states in July, 1660, that "the King 
 supped with Sir Frederick Cornwallis at Durham Yard, in the Strand." He 
 died in January, 1661-2, and was buried with his ancestors at Brome, on the 
 18th. See post, 16th Jan. 1661-2. Collins and other writers erroneously state his 
 death to have occurred on the 31st. The medals which he received as his fee 
 (nearly 100 in number) were carefully preserved in the family, and have been 
 recently arranged, so as to form the setting of a large silver cup, at Audley End. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 177 
 
 were yesterday in the cavalcade ; and a most pleasant sight it 
 was to see them in their several robes. And the King come 
 in with his crowne on, and his sceptre in his hand, under a 
 canopy borne up by six silver staves, carried by Barons of the 
 Cinque Ports, and little bells at every end. And after a long 
 time, he got up to the farther end, and all set themselves 
 down at their several tables ; and that was also a brave sight : 
 and the King's first course carried up by the Knights of the 
 Eath. And many fine ceremonies there was of the Heralds 
 leading up people before him, and bowing ; and my Lord of 
 Albemarle's going to the kitchen and eating a bit of the first 
 dish that was to go to the King's table. But, above all, was 
 these three Lords, Northumberland, 1 and SufFolke, 2 and the 
 Duke of Ormond, 3 coming before the courses on horseback, 
 and staying so all dinner-time, and at last bringing up 
 [Dymock,] the King's Champion. 4 all in armour on horseback, 
 with his speare and targett carried before him. And a Herald 5 
 proclaims " That if any dare deny Charles Stuart to be 
 lawful King of England, here was a Champion that would 
 fight with him;" and with these words, the Champion flings 
 down his gauntlet, and all this he do three times in his going 
 up towards the King's table. To which, when he is come, 
 the King drinks to him, and then sends him the cup which is 
 of gold, and he drinks it off, and then rides back again with 
 the cup in his hand. I went from table to table to see the 
 Bishops and all others at their dinner, and was infinitely 
 pleased with it. And at the Lord's table, I met with William 
 Howe, and he spoke to my Lord for me, and he did give him 
 four rabbits and a pullet, and so Mr. Creed and I got Mr. 
 Minshell to give us some bread, and so we at a stall eat it, as 
 
 1 Algernon Percy, tenth Earl of Northumberland, acting as Lord High Constable 
 if England on this occasion. 
 3 James Howard, third Earl of Suffolk, acting as Earl Marshal of England. 
 
 3 James Butler, first Duke of Ormond, Lord High Steward of England pro hde 
 lice. 
 
 4 Sir Edward Dymock, as Lord of the Manor of Scrivelsby, 00. Lincoln. This 
 service was last performed by one of that family at the coronation of George IV* 
 *nd with the coronation dinner has since been dispensed with. 
 
 1 York Herald, George Owen, who, it will be seen, rescued the canopy from the 
 taletazlle. 
 
178 DIARY OF [23d April, 
 
 every body else did what they could get I took a great deal 
 of pleasure to go up and down, and look upon the ladies, and 
 
 to hear the musique of all sorts, but above all the 24 violins. 1 
 About six at night they had dined, and I went up to my wife. 
 And strange it is to think, that these two days have held up 
 fair till now that all is done, and the King gone out of the 
 Hall ; and then it fell a-raining and thundering and lightening 
 as I have not seen it do for some years : which people did 
 take great notice of; 2 God's blessing of the work of these 
 two days, which is a foolery to take too much notice of such 
 things. I observed little disorder in all this, only the King's 
 footmen had got hold of the canopy, and would keep it from 
 the Barons of the Cinque Ports, 3 which they endeavoured to 
 force from them again, but could, not do it till my Lord Duke 
 of Albemarle caused it to be put into Sir R. Pye's hand till to- 
 morrow to be decided.. At Mr. Bowyer's ; a great deal of 
 
 1 See some congratulatory lines on the coronation, by Henry Bold, of New Col- 
 lege, Oxford, in Somers's Tracts, vol. vii., p. 514, Sir W. Scott's edition. 
 
 2 Baxter, in his Life, mentions this storm. "On April 23, was His Majesty's 
 coronation-day, the day being very serene and fair, till suddenly in the afternoon, 
 as they were returning from Westminster Hall, there was very terrible thunders 
 when none expected it, which made me remember his father's coronation, on 
 which, being a boy at school, and having leave to play for the solemnity, an 
 earthquake, about two o'clock in the afternoon, did affright the boys, and all the 
 neighbourhood. I intend no commentary on these, but only to relate the matter 
 of fact." 
 
 3 Bishop Kennett gives a somewhat fuller account of this unseemly broil: — 
 "No sooner had the aforesaid Barons brought up the King to the foot of the stairs 
 in Westminster Hall, ascending to his throne, and turned on their left hand 
 (towards their own table) out of the way, but the King's footmen most insolently 
 and violently seized upon the canopy, which the Barons endeavouring to keep and 
 defend, were by their number and strength dragged down to the lower end of the 
 Hall, nevertheless still keeping their hold; and had not Mr. Owen, York Herald, 
 being accidentally near the Hall door, and seeing the contest, caused the same to 
 be shut, the footmen had certainly carried it away by force. But in the interim 
 also (speedy notice hereof having been given the King) one of the Querries were 
 sent from him, with command to imprison the footmen, and dismiss them out of 
 his service, which put an end to the present disturbance. These footmen were 
 also commanded to make their submission to the Court of Claims, which was 
 accordingly done by them the 30th April following, and the canopy then delivered 
 back to the said Barons." Whilst this disturbance happened, the upper end of th« 
 first table, which had been appointed for the Barons of the Cinque Ports, was 
 taken up by the Bishops, Judges, etc., probably nothing loth to take precedence 
 of them; and the poor Barons, naturally unwilling to lose their dinner, were 
 necessitated to eat it at the bottom of the second table, below the Masters of 
 Chancery and others of the long robe. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 179 
 
 company, some I knew, others I did not. Here we staid 
 upon the leads and below till it was late, expecting to see the 
 fire-works, but they were not performed to-night : only the 
 City had a light like a glory round about it, with bonfires. 
 At last, I went to King Streete, and there sent Crockford to 
 my father's and my house, to tell them I could not come home 
 to-night, because of the dirt, and a coach could not be had. 
 And so I took my wife and Mrs. Frankleyn (who I profered 
 the civility of lying with my wife at Mrs. Hunt's to-night) 
 to Axe-yard, in which, at the further end, there were three 
 great bonfires, and a great many gallants, men and women ; 
 and they laid hold of us, and would have us drink the King's 
 health upon our knees, kneeling upon a faggot, which we all 
 did, they drinking to us one after another, which we thought 
 a strange frolique ; but these gallants continued there a great 
 while, and I wondered to see how the ladies did tipple. At 
 last, I sent my wife and her bedfellow to bed, and Mr. Hunt 
 and I went in with Mr. Thornberry (who did give the com- 
 pany all their wine, he being yeoman of the wine-cellar to the 
 King) ; and there, with his wife and two of his sisters, and 
 some gallant sparks that were there, we drank the King's 
 health, and nothing else, till one of the gentlemen fell down 
 stark drunk, and there lay ; and I went to my Lord's pretty 
 well. But no sooner a-bed with Mr. Shepley but my head 
 began to turn, and I to vomitt, and if ever I was foxed, it 
 was now, which I cannot say yet, because I fell asleep, and 
 slept till morning. Thus did the day end with joy every 
 where ; and blessed be God, I have not heard of any mis- 
 chance to any body through it all, but only to Serjeant Glynne, 1 
 whose horse fell upon him yesterday, and is like to kill him, 
 which people do please themselves to see how just God is to 
 punish the rogue at such a time as this : he being now one of 
 the King's Serjeants, and rode in the cavalcade with Maynard, 2 
 
 1 John Glynne had been Recorder of London ; and during the Protectorate, 
 Chief Justice of the Upper Bench ; nevertheless, he did Charles II. great service, 
 and was in consequence knighted and appointed King's Serjeant, and his son 
 created a Baronet. Ob. 1666. 
 
 3 John Maynard, the eminent lawyer; made Serjeant to Cromwell in 1653, 
 and afterwards King's Serjeant by Charles II., who knighted him. In 1661 h» 
 
180 DIAET OF [30th April, 
 
 to whom people wish the same fortune. There was also 
 this night, in King Streete, a woman had her eye put out by a 
 boy's flinging a firebrand into the coach. Now, after all this, 
 I can say, that, besides the pleasure of the sight of these glo- 
 rious things, I may now shut my eyes against any other objects, 
 nor for the future trouble myself to see things of state and 
 showe, as being sure never to see the like again in this world. 
 
 24th. Waked in the morning, with my head in a sad 
 taking through the last night's drink, which I am very sorry 
 for ; so rose, and went out with Mr. Creed to drink our 
 morning draught, which he did give me in chocolate to settle 
 my stomach. At night, set myself to write down these three 
 days' diary, and, while I am about it, I hear the noise of the 
 chambers, 1 and other things of the fire-works, which are now 
 playing upon the Thames before the King; and I wish 
 myself with them, being sorry not to see them. 
 
 26th. At the office, having some thoughts to order my 
 business so as to go to Portsmouth the next week with Sir 
 Robert Slingsby. 
 
 27th. Dined with my Lady. With Mr. Creed and Captain 
 Ferrers to the Theatre to see " The Chances." J 
 
 28th. (Lord's day.) In the afternoon to church, where 
 come Mrs. Turner and Mrs. Edward Pepys, and several other 
 ladies, and so I went out of the pewe into another. Sent 
 for to my father's, where my cousin Angier and his wife, of 
 Cambridge, to whom I went, and was glad to see them, and 
 sent for wine for them, and they supped with my father. 
 
 30th. This morning my wife and I and Mr. Creed took 
 coach, and in Fish Street took up Mr. Hater and his wife, 
 who, through her maske, seemed at first to be an old woman, 
 but afterwards I found her to be a very pretty, modest black 
 woman. We got a small bait at Leatherhead, and so to 
 Godlyman, 3 where we lay all night ; and were very merry, 
 
 was chosen Burgess for Berealston, aud sat in every Parliament till the Revolu- 
 tion, for that borough, or Plymouth. In March, 1689, he was appointed one of 
 the Commissioners of the Great Seal; and, soon resigning from infirmity, disd 
 8th October, 1690, aged 88. 
 
 1 Chamber, a species of great gun. 
 
 2 By Beaumont and Fletcher. ' Godalming. 
 
1661. "SAMUEL PEPTS. 181 
 
 having this day no other extraordinary rencontre, but my hat 
 falling off of my head at Newington into the water, by which 
 it was spoiled and I ashamed of it. I am sorry that I was 
 not at London, to be at Hide Parke to-morrow, among the 
 great gallants and ladies, which will be very fine. 
 
 May 1st. Up early, and baited at Petersfield, in the room 
 which the King lay in lately at his being there. Here very 
 merry, and played with our wives at bowles. Then we set 
 forth again, and so to Portsmouth, seeming to me to be a 
 very pleasant and strong place ; and we lay at the Red Lyon, 
 where Haselrigge and Scott and Walton did hold their 
 council, when they were here, against Lambert and the Com- 
 mittee of Safety. Several officers of the Yard come to see 
 us to-night, and merry we were, but troubled to have no 
 better lodgings. 
 
 2d. Up, and Mr. Creed and I to walk round the town 
 upon the walls. Then to our inne, and there all the officers 
 of the Yard to see me with great respect, and I walked with 
 them to the Dock, and saw all the stores, and much pleased 
 with the sight of the place. Back, and brought them all to 
 dinner with me, and treated them handsomely ; and so after 
 dinner by water to the Yard, and there we made the sale of 
 the old provisions. Then we and our wives all to see the 
 Montagu, which is a fine ship, and so to the town again by 
 water, and then to see the room where the Duke of Bucking- 
 ham was killed by Felton. 1 
 
 3d. Early to walk with Mr. Creed up and down the towne, 
 and it was in his and some others' thoughts to have got me 
 made free of the town, but the Mayor was, it seems, un- 
 willing, and so they did not do it. Took coach to Peters- 
 field, having nothing more of trouble in all my journey, but 
 the exceeding unmannerly and epicure-like palate of Mr. 
 Creed. Here my wife and I lay in the room the Queen 
 lately lay, at her going into France. 
 
 1 The house wherein the murder was committed in August, 1628, is situated at 
 the upper end of the High Street, at Portsmouth, and its remains are now known 
 as No. 10 in that street. It was occupied recently as a ladies' school. A repre- 
 sentation cf the front of the house is given in Brayley's Graphic Illustrate 
 p. 240. 
 
 Vol. I. — 19 
 
232 DIARY OF [7th May 
 
 4th. Up in the morning, and took coach, and so to Gilford, 
 where we lay at the Red Lyon, the best inne, and lay in the 
 room the King lately lay in, where we had time to see the 
 Hospital, built by Archbishop Abbott, and the free schoole, 
 and were civilly treated by the Mayster. So to supper and 
 to bed, being very merry about our discourse with the 
 Drawers concerning the minister of the towne, with a red 
 face and a girdle. 
 
 5th. (Lord's day.) Mr. Creed and I went to the red-faced 
 Parson's church, and heard a good sermon of him, betier 
 than I looked for. Anon we walked into the garden, and 
 there played the fool a great while, trying who of Mr. Creed 
 or I could go best over the edge of an old fountaine well, 
 and I won a quart of sack of him. Then to supper in the 
 banquet-house, and there my wife and I did talk high, she 
 against and I for Mrs. Pierce (that she was a beauty), till 
 we were both angry. Then to walk in the fields, and so to 
 our quarters, and to bed. 
 
 6th. Up by four o'clock, and took coach, and so home. I 
 hear to-night that the Duke of York's son 1 is this day dead, 
 which, I believe, will please everybody ; and I hear that the 
 Duke and his Lady themselves are not much troubled at it. 2 
 
 7th. My Lady, I find, is, since my going, gone to the 
 Wardrobe. 3 With Mr. Creed into London ; stopped in our 
 way by the City trayne-bands, who go in much solemnity 
 and pomp this day to muster before the King and the Duke, 
 and shops in the city are shut up everywhere this day. He 
 carried me to an ordinary by the old Exchange, where we 
 come a little too late, but we had very good cheer for our 
 18d. a-piece, and an excellent droll, too, my hoste, and his 
 wife as fine a woman, and sung and played so well, that I staid 
 a great while, and drunk a great deal of wine. To bed, 
 having sent my Lord a letter to-night, to excuse myself for 
 
 ■ Charles, Duke of Cambridge, born October 22, 1660, ob. May 5, 1661. He was 
 the first of eight children by Anne Hyde. 
 
 5 The legitimacy of the infant might have been questionable. See Oct. 7, and 
 Dec. 16, 1660, and Feb. 23, 1660-61. 
 
 * Lord Sandwich's official residence in Doctors' Commons, now Wardrobe 
 Place. 
 
1M1 -1 SAMUEL PEPTS. -[§3 
 
 not going with him to-morrow to the Hope, whither he is to 
 go to see in what condition the fleete is in. 
 
 8th. Come my brother John to take his leave of me, he 
 being to return to Cambridge. I did give him some good 
 counsell and 20s. in money, and so he went away. At night 
 comes my wife not well, from my father's, having had a fore- 
 tooth drawn out to-day, which do trouble me. To-day I 
 received a letter from my uncle, to beg an old fiddle of me 
 for Perkin, the miller, whose mill the wind hath lately broke 
 down, and now he hath nothing to live by but fiddling, and 
 he must needs have it against Whitsuntide to play to the 
 country-girles ; but it vexed me to see how my uncle writes 
 to me, as if he were not able to buy him one. But I intend 
 to-morrow to send him one. 
 
 9th. With my Lord at his lodgings, and there being with 
 him my Lord Chamberlain, 1 I spoke for my old waterman 
 Payne, to get into White's place, who was waterman to my 
 Lord Chamberlain, and is now to go master of the barge to 
 my Lord to sea ; and my Lord Chamberlain did promise that 
 Payne should be entertained in White's place with him. 
 
 11th. To Graye's Inn, and there to a barber's, where I 
 was trimmed, and had my hair cutt, in which I am lately 
 become a little curious, finding that the length of it do 
 become me very much. 
 
 12th. (Lord's day.) At the Savoy heard Dr. Fuller 2 preach 
 upon David's words, 3 " I will wait with patience all the days of 
 my appointed time until my charge comes;" but methought it 
 was a poor, dry sermon. And I am afraid my former high 
 esteem of his preaching was more out of opinion than judgment. 
 Met with Mr. Creed, with whom I went and walked in Graye's- 
 Inn-walks, and from thence to Islington, and there eate and 
 drank at the house 4 my father and we were wont of old to go 
 
 1 The Earl of Manchester. 
 
 * The celebrated Thomas Fuller, D.D., the Church historian, and author of 
 The Worthies of England, then lecturer at the Savoy. At his death, in August 
 following, he was chaplain to the King, prebendary of Salisbury, and rector of 
 Cranford, where he was buried. 
 
 * The text meant is Job xiv. 14, "All the days of my appointed time will I 
 wait till my change come." 
 
 4 The King's Head. See 27th March, 1664. 
 
184 DIARY OF [11th May 
 
 to ; and after that walked homeward, and parted in Smith- 
 field : and so I home, much wondering to see how things are 
 altered with Mr. Creed, who, twelve months ago, might have 
 been got to hang himself almost as soon as go to a drinking- 
 house on a Sunday. 1 
 
 14th. Finding my head grow weak now-a-days, if I come 
 to drink wine, and therefore hope that I shall leave it off of 
 myself, which I pray God I could do. 
 
 15th. There came two men, with an order from a Com- 
 mittee of Lords to demand some books of me out of the 
 office, in order to the examining of Mr. Hutchinson's accounts, 
 but I give them a surly answer, and they went away to 
 complain, which put me into some trouble with myself, but I 
 resolve to go to-morrow myself to these Lords, and answer them. 
 
 16th. About two o'clock went in my velvet coat by water 
 to the Savoy, and there, having staid a good while, I was 
 called into the Lords, and there, quite contrary to my 
 expectations, they did treat me very civilly, telling me what 
 they had done was out of zeal to the King's service, and that 
 they would joyne with the governors of the chest with all 
 their hearts, since they know that there was any, which they 
 did not before. I give them very respectful answers, and so 
 went away to the Theatre, and there saw the latter end of 
 "The Mayd's Tragedy," 2 which I never saw before, and 
 methinks it is too sad and melancholy. To the Wardrobe, 
 and there we found my Lord newly gone away with the 
 Duke of Ormond and some others, whom he had had to a 
 collacion ; and so we, with the rest of the servants in the hall, 
 sat down, and eat of the best cold meats that ever I eat in 
 all my life. Mr. Moore with me to the waterside, telling me 
 how kindly he is used by my Lord and my Lady since his 
 coming thither as a servant. 
 
 17th. Lieutenant Lambert and I to the Exchange, and 
 thence to an ordinary over against it, where to our dinner we 
 had a fellow play well upon the bagpipes, and whistle like a 
 
 1 He had been a zealous Puritan. 
 
 2 By Beaumont and Fletcher. Mohun played Melantiue ; Hart, Amintor ; ftnd 
 Mrs. Marshall, Evadne. 
 
1661.") SAMUEL PEPYS. 185 
 
 bird exceeding well, and I had a fancy to learn to whistle aa 
 he do, and did promise to come some other day, and give him 
 an angell to teach me. 
 
 18th. Towards Westminster, from the Towre, by water, 
 and was fain to stand upon one of the pieres about the bridge, 
 before the men could drag their boat through the lock, and 
 which they could not do till another was called to help them. 
 Being through bridge, I found the Thames full of boats and 
 gallys, and upon inquiry found that there was a wager to be 
 run this morning. So, spying of Payne in a gaily, I went 
 into him, and there staid, thinking to have gone to Chelsy 
 with them. But, upon the start, the wager boats fell foul of 
 one another, till at last one of them gives over, pretending 
 foule play, and so the other row away alone, and all our sport 
 lost. I went ashore at Westminster ; where it was very 
 pleasant to see the Hall in the condition it is now, with the 
 Judges on the benches at the further end of it, 1 which I had 
 not seen all this terme till now. 
 
 19th. (Lord's day.) I walked in the morning towards 
 Westminster, and, seeing many people at York House, 2 1 went 
 down and found them at masse, it being the Spanish ambas- 
 sador's ; 3 and so I got into one of the gallerys, and there 
 heard two masses done, I think, not in so much state as I 
 have seen them heretofore. After that, into the garden, and 
 walked an hour or two, but found it not so fine a place as I 
 always took it for by the outside. Captain Ferrers and Mr. 
 Howe and myself to Mr. Wilkinson's at the Crowne : then 
 to my Lord's, where we went and sat talking and laughing in 
 the drawing-room a great while. All our talk upon their 
 going to sea this voyage, which Captain Ferrers is in some 
 doubt whether he shall do or no, but swears that he would 
 
 ' The Courts of King's Bench and Common Pleas were at the upper end of 
 Ihe hall so lately as 1810. 
 
 3 York House belonged to the See of York till James I.'s time, when Toby 
 Matthews exchanged it with the Crown. Chancellors Egerton and Bacon resided 
 there, after which it was granted to Villiers, Duke of Buckingham. Subse- 
 quently to the Restoration, his son occupied the house some years, and disposing 
 of the premises, they were converted into the streets still bearing his names, 
 and the general appellation of York Buildings. — See Handbook of London, 
 ubi plum. 
 
 ' The Baron de Batteville. 
 
 19* 
 
Jgg DIARY OF [21st May k 
 
 go, if he were sure never to come back again ; and I, giving 
 him some hopes, he grew so mad with joy that he fell a- 
 dancing and leaping like a madman. Now it fell out that the 
 balcone windows were open, and he went to the rayle and 
 made an offer to leap over, and asked what if he should leap 
 over there. I told him I would give him 40Z. if he did not 
 go to sea. With that thought, I shut the doors, and W. 
 Howe hindered him all we could : yet he opened them again, 
 and, with a vault, leaps down into the garden : — the greatest 
 and most desperate frolic that ever I saw in my life. I run 
 to see what was become of him, and we found him crawled 
 upon his knees, but could not rise ; so we went down into the 
 garden, and dragged him to a bench, where he looked like a 
 dead man, but could not stir ; and, though he had broke 
 nothing, yet his pain in his back was such as he could not 
 endure. With this my Lord (who was in the little new 
 room) come to us in amaze, and bid us carry him up, which, 
 by our strength, we did, and so laid him in East's bed-room, 
 by the doore ; where he lay in great pain. We sent for a 
 doctor and chyrurgeon, but none to be found, till, by-and-by, 
 by chance comes in Dr. Clerke, who is afraid of him. 1 So 
 wo went for a lodging for him. 
 
 20th. Visited by Mr. Anderson, my former chamber fellow 
 at Cambridge, with whom I parted at the Hague. 
 
 21st. Up early, and with Sir E. Slingsby, and Major 
 Waters the deafe gentleman, his friend, for company's sake, 
 to the Victualling-office, the first time that I ever knew where 
 it was, 2 and there staid while he read a commission for 
 enquiry into some of the King's lands and houses thereabouts, 
 that are given his brother. And then we took boat to Wool- 
 wich, where we staid and gave order for the fitting out of 
 some more ships presently. And then to Deptford, where we 
 did the same ; and so took barge again, and were overtaken 
 by the King in his barge, he having been down the river 
 
 1 He recovered. 
 
 3 The Victualling Office at the end of East Smithfield, according to Stow, 
 occupied the site of the Abbey of St. Mary of the Graces, which had been 
 founded by Edward III. to commemorate his escape from shipwreck,' and war 
 granted at the dissolution to Sir Arthur Darcy, who pulled it down. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 187 
 
 ■with his yacht this clay for pleasure to try it ; and, as I hear, 
 Commissioner Pett's do prove better than the Dutch one, and 
 that, that his brother built. While we were upon the water, 
 one of the greatest showers of rain fell that ever I saw. The 
 Comptroller and I landed with our barge at the Temple, and 
 from thence I went to my father's, and there did give order 
 about some clothes to be made. 
 
 22d. To the Wardrobe, where my Lord and all the officers 
 of the Wardrobe dined, and several other friends of my Lord, 
 at a venison pasty. Before dinner, my Lady Wright and my 
 Lady Jem. sang songs to the harpsichon. Very pleasant and 
 merry at dinner. Before I went to bed, the barber come to 
 trim me and wash me, and so to bed, in order to my being 
 clean to-morrow. 
 
 23d. To the Rhenish wine-house, 1 and there Mr. Jonas 
 Moore, 2 the mathematician, to us, and there he did by discourse 
 make us fully believe that England and France were once the 
 same continent, by very good arguments, and spoke very many 
 things not so much to prove the Scripture false, as that the 
 time therein is not well computed nor understood. In my 
 black silk suit, the first day I have put it on this year, to my 
 Lord Mayor's by coach, with a great deal of honourable com- 
 pany, and great entertainment. At table I had very good dis- 
 course with Mr. Ashmole, wherein he did assure me that frogs 
 and many insects do often fall from the sky, ready formed. 
 Dr. Bates's 3 singularity in not rising up nor drinking the 
 King's nor other healths at the table was very much observed. 
 From thence we all took coach, and to our office, and there 
 sat till it was late ; and so I home and to bed by daylight. 
 This day was kept a holy-day through the towne ; and it 
 pleased me to see the little boys walk up and down in proces- 
 
 * In Crooked Lane; but see August 9, 1660, ante. 
 
 2 Jonas Moore, a native of Lancashire, one of the most eminent mathematicians 
 of his day. He was knighted by Charles II., and made Surveyor of the Ordnance, 
 and died in 1679. 
 
 3 Dr. William Bates, one of the most eminent of the puritan divines, and who 
 took part in the Savoy Conference. His collected writings fill a large volume in 
 folio. The dissenters called him silver-tongued Bates: he certainly was not a 
 Ohryaostom. 
 
Igg DIAKT OF [28th May 
 
 sion with their broom-staffs in their hands, as I had myself 
 long ago done. 1 
 
 25th. To the Theatre, where I saw a piece of " The Silent 
 Woman," which pleased me. 
 
 26th. (Lord's day.) This day the Parliament received tho 
 sommunion of Dr. Gunning at St. Margaret's, Westminster. 
 Sir W. Batten told me how Mr. Prin, among the two or three 
 that did refuse to-day to receive the sacrament upon their 
 knees, was offered by a mistake the drinke afterwards, which 
 he did receive, being denied the drinke by Dr. Gunning, un- 
 less he would take it on his knees ; and after that, by another 
 the bread was brought him, and he did take it sitting, which 
 is thought very preposterous. 
 
 27th. With my Lords Sandwich and Hinchingbroke to the 
 Lords' House by boat at Westminster, and there I left them. 
 Then to the lobby, and after waiting for Sir G. Downing's 
 coming out, to speak with him about the giving me up of my 
 bond for my honesty, when I was his clerk, but to no pur- 
 pose, I went to Clerke's at the Legg, and there we dined very 
 merry, there coming to us Captain Ferrers, this being the first 
 day of his going abroad since his leape a week ago, which I 
 was greatly glad to see. 
 
 28th. With Mr. Shepley to the Exchange about business, 
 and there, by Mr. Rawlinson's favour, got into a balcone over 
 against the Exchange ; and there saw the hangman burn, by 
 vote of Parliament, two old acts, the one for constituting us a 
 Commonwealth, and the other I have forgot ; a which still do 
 
 1 Pepys here refers to the perambulation of parishes on Holy Thursday, still 
 observed. This ceremony was sometimes enlivened by whipping the boys, for the 
 better impressing on their minds the remembrance of the day, and the boundaries 
 of the parish, instead of beating houses or stones. But this would not have 
 harmonized well with the excellent Hooker's practice on this day, when he 
 "always dropped some loving and facetious observations, to be remembered 
 against the next year, especially by the boys and young people." Amongst Dor- 
 setshire customs, it seems that, in perambulating a manor or parish, a boy is 
 tossed into a stream, if that be the boundary ; if a hedge, a sapling from it is 
 applied for the purpose of flagellation. 
 
 a It was an act for subscribing the Engagement. On the same day there had 
 been burned by the hangman, in Westminster Hall, the act for "erecting an High 
 Court of Justice for trying and judging Charles Stuart." Two more acts were 
 similarly burned the next day. 
 
1861.] SAMUEL PEPTS. Ig9 
 
 make me think of the greatness of this late turne, and what 
 people will do to-morrow against what they all, through profit 
 or fear, did promise and practice this day. To Cheapside, 
 about buying a piece of plate to give away to-morrow to Mrs. 
 Browne's child. 1 
 
 29th. (King's birth-day.) Rose early, and having made my- 
 self fine, and put six spoons and a porringer of silver in my 
 pocket, to give away to-day, Sir W. Pen and I took coach and 
 (the weather and way being foule) went to Walthamstowe ; and, 
 being come there, heard Mr. Radcliffe, 3 my former school-fellow 
 at St. Paul's, (who is yet a merry boy,) preach upon " Nay, 
 let him take all, since my Lord the King is returned," &c. 
 He read all, and his sermon very simple. Back to dinner 
 at Sir William Batten's ; and then, after a walk in the fine 
 gardens, we went to Mrs. Browne's, where Sir W. Pen 
 and I were godfathers, and Mrs. Jordan 3 and Shipman 4 god- 
 mothers to her boy. And there, before and after the christen- 
 ing, we were with the woman above in her chamber ; but, 
 whether we carried ourselves well or ill, I know not ; but I 
 was directed by young Mrs. Batten. One passage of a lady 
 that eat wafers with her dog did a little displease me. I did 
 give the midwife 10s., and the nurse 5s., and the maid of the 
 house 2s. But forasmuch as I expected to give the name to 
 the childe, but did not, it being called John, I forbore then 
 to give my plate till another time, after a little more advice. 
 Being done, we went to Mrs. Shipman's, who is a great butter- 
 woman, and I did see there the most of milke and creame, 
 and the cleanest that ever I saw in my life. After we had 
 filled our bellies with creame, we took our leaves and away. 
 In our way, we had great sport to try who should drive fastest, 
 Sir W. Batten's coach, or Sir "W. Pen's chariott, they having 
 four, and we two horses, and we beat them. But it cost me 
 the spoiling of my clothes and velvet coate with dirt. Being 
 
 1 See Jan. 16, 1660-61, ante. 
 
 * Jonathan Radoliff, A.M., then Vicar of Walthamstow. 
 
 * The wife of Captain, afterwards Sir Joseph, Jordan. 
 
 * Rohert Shipman bought the great tithes of Walthamstow from the Argall 
 iamily in 1663; and left them by will to his wife Dorothy, from whom they 
 passed in 1667 to Robert Mascall, merchant. 
 
190 DIARY OP [3d June, 
 
 come home, I to bed, and give my breeches to be dried by 
 the fire against to-morrow. 
 
 30th. To the Wardrobe, and there, with my Lord, went 
 into his new barge to try her, and found her a good boat, and 
 like my Lord's contrivance of the door to come out round, and 
 not square, as they used to do ; and thence I to Gratien, who 
 took me to Arundell- House, and there showed me some fine 
 flowers in his garden, and all the fine statues in the gallery, 
 which I formerly had seen, and is a brave sight, and thence 
 to a blind, dark cellar, where we had two bottles of good ale. 
 This day, I hear, the Parliament have ordered a bill to be 
 brought in for restoring the Bishops to the House of Lords ; 
 which they had not done so soon but to spite Mr. Prin, who 
 is every day so bitter against them in his discourse in the 
 House. 
 
 31st. Great talk now how the Parliament intend to make 
 a collection of free gifts to the King through the Kingdom ; 
 but I think it will not come to much. 1 
 
 June 1st. Having dined at Woolwich, with Captain Poole, 
 at the taverne there, by water to Deptford. We walked to 
 Redriffe, calling at the half-way house, and there come into a 
 room where there was infinite of new cakes placed that are 
 made against Whitsuntide, and there we were very merry. 
 
 2d. (Whitsunday.) The barber having done with me, I 
 went to church, and there heard a good sermon of Mr. Mills 
 fit for the day. To church again. It rained very hard, as 
 it hath .done of late, so much so that we begin to doubt a 
 famine. 
 
 3d. To the Wardrobe, where, discoursing with my Lord, he 
 did instruct me as to the business of the Wardrobe, in case, 
 in his absence, Mr. Townsend should die, and told me that he 
 did intend to joyne me and Mr. Moore with him as to the 
 business, now he is going to sea, and spoke to me many other 
 things, as to one that he do put the greatest confidence in, of 
 which I am proud. My cozen Scott come to dine with me, 
 and before he had done, in comes my father Bowyer, and my 
 mother and four daughters, and a young gentleman and his 
 
 ' See 31st August, 1661, poet. 
 
1661 J SAMUEL PEPYS. 191 
 
 sister, their friends, and there staid all the afternoon, which 
 cost me great store of wine, and were very merry. Mr. Creed 
 and I to the Tower, to speak for some ammunicion for ships 
 for my Lord ; and so he and I, with much pleasure, walked 
 quite round the Tower, which I never did before. To the 
 Beare, at the Bridge-foot, thinking to have met my Lord 
 Hinchingbroke and his brother, setting forth for France, but 
 they being not come, we went over to the Wardrobe, and there 
 found that my Lord Abbot Montagu 1 being not at Paris, 
 my Lord hath a mind to have them stay a little longer before 
 they go. 
 
 4th. To my Lord Crewe's to dinner, and had very good dis- 
 course about having of young noblemen and gentlemen to 
 think of going to sea, as being as honourable service as the land 
 war. And among other things he told us how, in Queen 
 Elizabeth's time, one young nobleman would wait with a 
 trencher at the back of another till he come to age himself; 
 and witnessed in my young Lord of Kent that then was, who 
 waited upon my Lord Bedford at table, when a letter come to 
 my Lord Bedford that the Earldome of Kent was fallen to his 
 servant the young Lord ; and so he rose from table, and made 
 him sit down in his place, and took a lower for himself, for 
 so he was by place to sit. 2 From thence to the Theatre, and 
 saw Harry the 4th, a good play. 
 
 5th. This morning did give my wife H. to lay out upon 
 lace and other things for herself. Sir W. Pen and I went out 
 with Sir K. Slingsby to bowles in his ally, and there had good 
 ' sport. I took my flageolette, and played upon the leads in 
 the garden, where Sir W. Pen come out in his shirt into his 
 leads, and there we staid talking and singing and drinking 
 great draughts of claret, and eating botargo, 3 and bread and 
 butter, till twelve at night, it being moonshine ; and so to bed, 
 very near fuddled. 
 
 1 Walter, second son to the first Earl of Manchester, embracing the Romish 
 faith while on his travels, was made Abbot of Pontoise, through the influence 
 of Mary de Medici. He afterwards became almoner to the Queen-Dowager of 
 England, and died 1670. 
 
 a The Earldom of Kent was erected for the Grey family in 1465 ; that of 
 Bedford for the Russells, in 1550. 
 
 * A sausage made of eggs, and of the blood of a sea mullet. 
 
192 DIARY OF [9th June, 
 
 6th. My head hath aked all night, and all this morning, 
 ■with my last night's debauch. Called up this morning by 
 Lieutenant Lambert, 1 who is now made Captain of the Nor- 
 wich, and he and I went down by water to Greenwich, and 
 eat and drank and heard musique at the Globe, and saw the 
 simple motion that is there of a woman with a rod in her hand 
 keeping time to the musique while it plays, which is simple, 
 methinks. Back again by water, calling at Captain Lam 
 bert's house, which is very handsome and neat, and a fine 
 prospect at top. So to the office. The weather very hot, 
 this night I left off my wastecoate. 
 
 8th. To White-Hall to my Lord, who did tell me that he 
 would have me go to Mr. Townsend, whom he had ordered 
 to discover to me the whole mystery of the Wardrobe, and 
 none else but me, and that he will make me deputy with him, 
 for fear that he should die in my Lord's absence, of which I 
 was glad. I went to the Theatre, and there saw Bartholo- 
 mew Faire, 2 the first time it was acted now-a-days. It is a 
 most admirable play, and well acted, but too much prophane 
 and abusive. 
 
 9th. (Lord's-day.) This day my wife put on her black silk 
 gown, which is now laced all over with black gimp lace, as 
 the fashion is, in which she is very pretty. She and I walked 
 to my Lady's at the Wardrobe, and there dined, and was 
 exceeding much made of. After dinner to Mr. Pierce's, and 
 there he and I, and Mr. Symons, (dancing-master) that goes 
 to sea with my Lord, to the Swan taverne, and there drank. 
 To -White Hall, and there met with Dean Fuller, 3 and walked 
 a great while with him ; among other things discoursed of 
 the liberty the Bishop (by name he of Galloway 4 ) takes to 
 
 ' See 24th Jan., 1659-60, ante. 
 
 * A comedy, by Ben Jonson ; first acted in 1614. 
 
 * See ante, 7th April, 1661, and note. 
 
 * Murray and Heath, whose authority is generally good, assert that James 
 Hamilton was at this time Bishop of Galloway ; but the commission for his con- 
 secration bears date 12th December, 1661. Kennett also mentions Thomas Syd- 
 serf, who had been deposed from the see of Galloway by the Presbyterians in 
 1638, as the only Scotch prelate alive at the Restoration j and adds, that he came 
 up to London, expecting to be advanced to the Primacy. But he had so dis- 
 gusted the English bishops, that he was only removed to the See of Orkney, 
 
1661 '] SAMUEL PEPYS. 193 
 
 admit into orders any body that will ; among others, Bound- 
 tree, a simple mechanique that was a parson formerly of the 
 Fleet. 1 He told me he would complain of it. By and by 
 we went and got a sculler, and, landing him at Worcester 
 House, went to the Wardrobe. I went up to Jane Shore's 
 towre, and there W. Howe and I sang, and so took my wife 
 and walked home, and so to-bed. 
 
 10th. Early to my Lord's, who privately told me how the 
 King had made him Embassador in the bringing over the 
 Queen. That he is to go to Algiers, &c, settle the business, 
 and to put the fleet in order there ; and so to come back to 
 Lisbone with three ships, and there to meet the fleet that is 
 to follow him. He sent for me, to tell me that he do intrust 
 me with the seeing of all things done in his absence as to this 
 great preparation, as I shall receive orders from my Lord 
 Chancellor and Mr. Edward Montagu. At all which my 
 heart is above measure glad; for my Lord's honour, and 
 some profit to myself, I hope. By and by, out with Mr. 
 Shepley, Walden, 2 Parliament-man for Huntingdon, Bolt, 3 
 Mackworth, and Alderman Backwell, to a house hard by, to 
 drink Lambeth ale. So I back to the Wardrobe, and there 
 found my Lord going to Trinity House,* this being the 
 solemn day of choosing Master, and my Lord is chosen ; so 
 he dines there to-day. I stayed and dined with my Lady ; 
 but after we were set, comes in some persons of condition, 
 and so the children and I rose and dined by ourselves all. 
 The children and I were very merry, and they mightily fond 
 of me. 
 
 which, though richly endowed, was considered at all times as a sinecure ; and he 
 did not long survive his translation. At all events, Hamilton was his successor, 
 and the Bishop of Galloway mentioned in the Diary, 15th May, 1663. Lingard's 
 testimony is in favour of Sydserf being the Bishop of Galloway here alluded to. 
 The death of the Bishop of Orkney (late of Galloway) is mentioned in The Intel- 
 ligencer, 29th September, 1663. 
 
 1 See the account of the Fleet marriages, in Pennant's London, and Burn's ffiet. 
 of the Fleet Marriages. 
 
 a Lionel. 
 
 3 Perhaps the same person who had been Envoy from the Protector to the King 
 of Sweden, and is described by Kennett, in September, 1655, as kinsman to \m 
 Highness. 
 
 * In Water Lane, near the Tower. 
 
 Vol. L— 20 
 
194 DIARY OF [13th Juns, 
 
 11th. At the office this morning, Sir G. Carteret with us ; 
 and we agreed upon a letter to the Duke of York, to tell 
 him the sad condition of this office for want of money ; how 
 men are not able to serve us more without some money ; and 
 that now the credit of the office is brought so low, that none 
 will sell us any thing without our personal security given for 
 the same. 
 
 12th. "Wednesday, a day kept between a fast and a feast, 
 the Bishops not being ready enough to keep the fast for 
 foule weather, before fair weather come ; and so they were 
 forced to keep it between both. 1 Then to White Hall, where 
 I met my Lord, who told me he must have 300Z. laid out in 
 cloth, to give in Barbary, as presents among the Turkes. 
 At home practising to sing, which is now my great trade. 
 
 13th. To Alderman Backwell's, but his servants not 
 being up, I went home, and put on my gray cloth suit and 
 faced white coate, made of one of my wife's pettycoates, the 
 first time I have had it on, and so in a riding garbe back 
 again. With my Lord to White Hall by water, and he 
 having taken leave of the King, comes to us at his lodgings, 
 and from thence goes to the Garden-staires, and there takes 
 barge, and at the staires was met by Sir R. Slingsby, who 
 there took his leave of my Lord, and I heard my Lord thank 
 him for his kindness to me, which Sir Robert answered much 
 to my advantage. I went down with my Lord in the barge 
 to Deptford. and there went on board the Dutch yacht, and 
 staid there a good while, W. Howe not being come with my 
 Lord's things, which made my Lord very angry. By and by 
 he comes, and so we set sayle, and anon went to dinner, my 
 
 1 A Form of Prayer was published to be used in London on the 12th, and in 
 the country on the 19th of June, being the special days appointed for a general 
 fast to be kept in the respective places for averting those sicknesses and diseases, 
 that dearth and scarcity, which justly may be feared from the late immoderate 
 rain and waters : for a Thanksgiving also for the blessed change of weather j and 
 the begging the continuance of it to us for our comfort: And likewise for 
 beseeching a Blessing upon the High Court of Parliament now assembled : Set 
 forth by his Majesty's authority. A Sermon was preached before the Commons 
 by Thomas Greenfield, Preacher of Lincoln's Inn. The Lords taxed themselves 
 for the poor — an Earl, 30s., a Baron, 20s. Those absent from Prayers were to pay 
 a forfeit. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 195 
 
 Lord and we very merry ; and after dinner, I went down 
 below, and there sang, and took leave of W. Howe, Captain 
 Rolt, and the rest of my friends, then went up and took 
 leave of my Lord, who give me his hand, and parted with 
 great respect. So went, and Captain Ferrers with me, into 
 our wherry, and my Lord did give five guns, all they had 
 charged, which was the greatest respect my Lord could do 
 me, and of which I was not a little proud. So with a sad 
 and merry heart I left them sailing presently from Erith, 
 hoping to be in the Downes to-morrow early. We toward 
 London in our boat. Pulled off our stockings, and bathed 
 our legs a great while in the river, which I had not done 
 some years before. By and by we come to Greenwich, and 
 thinking to have gone on the King's yacht, the King was 
 in her. so we passed by, and at Woolwich went on shore ; 
 and I home, and with wine enough in my head, went to bed. 
 
 14th. To White Hall to my Lord's, where I found Mr. 
 Edward Montagu and his family come to lie during my Lord's 
 absence. I sent to my house, by my Lord's order, his shipp 
 and triangle virginall. 
 
 15. Dined with my Lady, who, now my Lord is gone, is 
 come to her poor housekeeping again. 
 
 16th. (Lord's day.) No purser coming in the morning for 
 the goods, at a great losse what to do. The afternoon I spent 
 in reading "The Spanish Gypsey," 2 a play not very good, 
 though commended much. At night resolved to hire a Mar- 
 gate Hoy, who would go away to-morrow morning, which I 
 did, and sent the things all by him. 
 
 18th. All this morning at home vexing about the delay of 
 my painters, and about four in the afternoon my wife and I 
 by water to Captain Lambert's, where we took great pleasure 
 in their turret-garden, and seeing the fine needle-work of his 
 wife, the best I ever saw in my life, and afterwards had a very 
 handsome treate and good musique that she made upon the 
 harpsichon. 
 
 19th. One thing I must observe here, while I think of it, 
 
 1 Sic, orig., probably the word glass was omitted. 
 
 * A comedy, by T. Middleton and W. Rowley, printed 1653, and again in 1661 
 
196 DIARY OF [26th Jane, 
 
 that I am now become the most negligent man in the world aa 
 to matters of newes, insomuch that, now-a-days, I neither can 
 tell any, nor aske any of others. 
 
 20th. At home the greatest part of the day, to see my 
 workmen make an end, which this night they did to my great 
 content. 
 
 21st. Mr. Norbury and I did discourse of his wife's house 
 and land at Brampton, which I find too much for me to buy. 
 
 22d. At noon, went and dined with my Lord Crewe, 
 where very much made of by him and his lady. Then to the 
 Theatre, " The Alchymist," ' which is a most incomparable 
 play. 
 
 23d. (Lord's day.) In the morning to church, and my wife 
 not being well, I went with Sir W. Batten home to dinner, my 
 Lady being out of town, where there was Sir W. Pen, Captain 
 Allen and his daughter Rebecca, and Mr. Hempson and his 
 wife. After dinner to church all of us, and had a very good 
 sermon of a stranger, and so I and the young company to walk 
 first to Graye's Inn Walks, where great store of gallants, but 
 above all the ladies I there saw, or ever did see, Mrs. Frances 
 Butler 2 (Monsieur L'Impertinent's sister) is the greatest 
 beauty. Then we went to Islington, where at the great house 
 I entertained them as well as I could, and so home with them, 
 and so to my own home and to bed. Pall, who went this 
 day to a child's christening at Kate Joyce's, staid out all 
 night at my father's — she not being well. 
 
 24th. (Midsummer-day.) I and Dr. Williams to the ordi- 
 nary over against the Exchange, where we dined, and had 
 great wrangling with the master of the house when the reckon- 
 ing was brought to us, he setting down exceeding high every 
 thing. 
 
 25th. Captain Allen and his daughter Rebecca, and Mr. 
 Hempson, and by and by both Sir Williams, who sat with me 
 till it was late, and I had a very gallant collacion for them. 
 
 26th. To dine with my Lady at the Wardrobe, taking 
 Dean Fuller along with me : then home, where I heard that 
 my father had been to find me out about special business ; so 
 
 1 A comedy, by Ben Jonson. a See July 14, 1660, ante. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 197 
 
 I took a coach and went to him, and found by a letter to him 
 from my aunt that my uncle Robert is taken with a dizzinesse 
 in his head, by which we guess that he is very ill, and so my 
 father do think to go to-morrow. And so God's will be done. 
 
 27th. To my father's. There I told him how I would 
 have him speak to my uncle Robert, when he comes thither, 
 concerning my buying of land — that I could pay ready money 
 600?., and the rest by 150?. per annum, to make up as much 
 as will buy 501. per annum, which I do, though I am not 
 worth above 500?. ready money, that he may think me to be 
 a greater saver than I am. Then with my Lady Batten, 
 Mrs. Rebecca Allen, Mrs. -Thompson, &c, two coaches of us, 
 we went and saw " Bartholomew Fayre," acted very well. 
 To home to bed. This day Mr. Holden sent me a bever, 
 which cost me 4?. 5s. 1 
 
 28th. Went to Moorefields, and there walked, and stood 
 and saw the wrestling, which I never saw so much of before, 
 between the north and west countrymen. This night had our 
 bed set up in our room that we called the Nursery, where we 
 lay, and I am very much pleased with the room. 
 
 29th. By a letter from the Duke, complaining of the delay 
 of the ships that are to be got ready, Sir Williams both and 
 I went to Deptford, and there examined into the delays, and 
 were satisfyed. Mr. Chetwind fell commending of " Hooker's 
 Ecclesiastical Polity," as the best book, and the only one 
 that made him a Christian, which puts me upon the buying 
 of it, which I will do shortly. 
 
 30th. (Lord's day.) To church, where we observe the trade 
 of briefs is come now up to so constant a course every Sunday, 
 that we resolve to give no more to them. 2 Sir Williams both 
 
 1 Whilst a hat (see Jan. 28, 1660-61, ante) cost only 35s. See also Lord 
 Sandwich's vexation at his beaver being stolen, and a hat only loft in lieu of 
 it, April 30, 1661, ante : and April 19th and 26th, 1662, post. 
 
 1 It appears, from an old MS. account-book of the collections in the church of 
 St. Olave, Hart Street, beginning in 1642, still extant, that the money gathered 
 on the 30th June, 1661, " for several inhabitants of the parish of St. Dunstan in 
 the West towards their losse by fire," amounted to "xxs. viiid." Pepys might 
 complain of the trade in briefs, as similar contributions had been levied fourteen 
 weeks successively, previous to the one in question at St. Olave's church. Briefs 
 were abolished in 1828. 
 
 20* 
 
198 DIARY OF [3d July 
 
 and I to White Hall, where we met the Duke of York, 
 according to an order sent us yesterday from him, to give him 
 an account where the fault lay in the not sending out of the 
 ships, which we find to be only the wind hath been against 
 them, and so they could not get out of the river. Hence I 
 to Gray's Inn Walk all alone, and with great pleasure, seeing 
 the fine ladies walk there. Myself humming to myself (which 
 now-a-days is my constant practice since I begun to learn to 
 sing) the trillo, and found by use that it do come upon me. 
 This day, the Portuguese Embassador 1 come to White Hall 
 to take leave of the King ; he being now going to end all 
 with the Queen, and to send her over. Myself in good 
 health, but mighty apt to take cold, so that this hot weather 
 I am fain to wear a cloth before my stomach. 
 
 July 1st. This morning into the city, to buy several things, 
 as I have lately done, for my house. Among other things, 
 a fair chest of drawers for my own chamber, and an Indian 
 gown for myself. The first cost me 33s., the other 34s. 
 Home, and dined there, and Theodore Goodgroome, my 
 singing-master, with me, and then to our singing. 
 
 2d. My father writes that my uncle is by fits stupid, and 
 like a man that is drunk, and sometimes speechless. Went 
 to Sir William DavenantV Opera; this being the fourth day 
 that it hath begun, and the first that I have seen it. To-day 
 was acted the second part of " The Siege of Rhodes." 2 We 
 staid a very great while for the King and the Queen of 
 Bohemia ; 3 and by the breaking of a board over our heads, 
 we had a great deal of dust fell into the ladies' necks and 
 the men's haire, which made good sport. The King being 
 come, the scene opened ; which indeed is very fine and mag- 
 nificent, and well acted, all but the Eunuche, who was so 
 much out that he was hissed off the stage. 
 
 3d. Dined with my Lady, who is in some mourning for her 
 
 1 Don Francisco de Mello, Conde de Ponte, 
 
 2 Sir William Davenant, the celebrated dramatic writer, and patentee of th« 
 Duke's Theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields. Ob. 1668, aged 64. He was th« 
 author of the "Siege of Rhodes." 
 
 ' See May 14, 1660, ante. 
 
1861.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 199 
 
 brother, Mr. Samuel Crewe, who died yesterday of the spotted 
 fever. This day, my Lady Batten and my wife were at the 
 burial of a daughter of Sir John Lawson's, and had rings for 
 themselves and their husbands. 
 
 4th. I went to the Theatre, and there I saw " Claracilla" 1 
 (the first time I ever saw it,) well acted. But strange to see 
 this house, that used to be so thronged, now empty since the 
 Opera began ; and so will continue for a while, I believe. 
 
 6th. Waked this morning with news, brought me by a 
 messenger on purpose, that my uncle Robert is dead ; so I 
 rose sorry in some respect, glad in my expectation in another 
 respect : so I bought me a pair of boots in St. Martin's, and 
 got myself ready, and then to the Post-house, and set out 
 about eleven and twelve o'clock, taking the messenger with 
 me that come to me, and so we rode, and got well by nine 
 o'clock to Brampton, where I found my. father well. My 
 uncle's corps in a coffin standing upon joynt-stooles in the 
 chimney in the hall ; but it begun to smell, and so I caused 
 it to be set forth in the yard all night, and watched by my 
 aunt. My father and I lay together to-night, I greedy to see 
 the will, but did not aske to see it till to-morrow. 
 
 7th. (Lord's day.) In the morning, my father and I read 
 the will ; where, though he gives me nothing at present till 
 my father's death, or at least very little, yet I am glad to see 
 that he hath done so well for us all, and well to the rest of 
 his kindred. After that done, we went about getting things, 
 as ribbands and gloves, ready for the burial, which in the 
 afternoon was done ; where, it being Sunday, all people far 
 and near come in ; and, in the greatest disorder that ever I 
 saw, we made shift to serve them with what we had of wine 
 and other things ; and then to carry him to the church, where 
 Mr. Taylor buried him, and Mr. Turner preached a funeral 
 sermon, where he spoke not particularly of him anything, but 
 that he was one so well known for his honesty, that it spoke 
 for itself above all that he could say for it. And so made a 
 very good sermon. 
 
 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th. I fell to work, and my 
 
 1 A tragi-comedy, by Thomas Killigrew. 
 
200 DIARY OF [15th Jaly, 
 
 father to look over my uncle's papers and clothes, and conti- 
 nued all this week upon that business, much troubled with 
 my aunt's base, ugly humours. We had news of Tom Trice 
 putting in a caveat against us, in behalf of his mother, to 
 whom my uncle hath not given anything, and for good reason 
 therein expressed, which troubled us also. But above all, 
 our trouble is to find that his estate appears nothing as we 
 expected, and all the world believes ; nor his papers so well 
 sorted as I would have had them, but all in confusion, that 
 break my brains to understand them. We missed also the 
 surrenders of his copyhold land, without which the land would 
 not come to us, but to the heire at lawe, so that what with 
 this, and the badness of the drink, and the ill opinion I have 
 of the meat, and the biting of the gnats by night, and my 
 disappointment in getting home this week, and the trouble of 
 sorting all the papers, I am almost out of my wits with trou- 
 ble, only I appear the more contented, because I would not 
 have my father troubled. 
 
 14th. (Lord's day.) At home, and Robert Barnwell with 
 us, and dined, and in the evening my father and I walked 
 round past home, and viewed all the fields, which was very 
 pleasant. To Hinchingbroke, which is now all in dirt, because 
 of my Lord's building, which will make it very magnificent. 
 Back to Brampton. 
 
 15th. Up by three o'clock this morning, and rode to 
 Cambridge, and was there by seven o'clock, where, after I 
 was trimmed, I went to Christ College, and found my brother 
 John at eight o'clock in bed, which vexed me. Then to 
 King's College chappel, where I found the scholars in their 
 surplices at the service with the organs, which is a strange 
 sight to what it used in my time to be here. Then with Dr. 
 Fairbrother (whom I met there) to the Rose taverne, and 
 called for some wine, and sent also for Mr. Sanchy, with whom 
 and other gentlemen, friends of his, we were very merry, 
 and I treated them as well as I could, and so at noon took 
 horse, having taken leave of my cozen Angier, and rode to 
 Impington, where I found my old uncle 1 sitting all alone, like 
 
 1 Talbot Pepys. 
 
M81.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 
 
 201 
 
 a man out of the world : he can hardly see ; but all things 
 else he do pretty livelyly. 
 
 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th. These four days we spent in put- 
 ting things in order, letting of the crop upon the ground, 
 agreeing with Hanker to have a care of my business in my 
 absence, and we think ourselves in nothing happy but in 
 lighting upon him to be our bayly. Riding to Offord and 
 Sturtlow, and up and down all our lands, and had advice from 
 Mr. Moore from London by my desire that the three witnesses 
 of the will being all legatees, will not do the will any wrong. 
 My aunt continuing in her base, hypocritical tricks, which 
 both Jane Perkin (of whom we make great use) and the mayd 
 do tell us every day of. 
 
 20th. To Huntingdon, and dined with Sir Robert Bernard 
 and his lady, my Lady Digby, 1 a very good woman. 
 
 21st. (Lord's day.) At home all the morning, putting my 
 papers in order against my going to-morrow. 
 
 22d. Up by three, and going by four on my way to London ; 
 but the day proves very cold, so that, having put on no stock- 
 ings but thread ones under my boots, I was fain at Biggies- 
 worth 2 to buy a pair of coarse woollen ones, and put them on. 
 So by degrees, till I come to Hatfield before twelve o'clock, 
 and walked all alone to the Vineyard, which is now a very 
 beautiful place again ; and coming back I met with Mr. 
 Looker, my Lord's 3 gardener (a friend of Mr. Eglin's), who 
 showed me the house, the chappel with brave pictures, and, 
 above ail, the gardens, such as I never saw in all my life ; nor 
 so good flowers, nor so great gooseburys, as big as nutmegs. 
 Back to the inne, and so to horse again, and with much ado 
 got to London. Called at my uncle Fenner's, my mother's, 
 my Lady's, and so home, in all which I found all things as 
 well as I could expect. 
 
 23d. Put on my mourning : I went to the Theatre, and saw 
 " Brenoralt," 4 1 never saw before. It seemed a good play, but 
 
 1 Sir Kobert Bernard, Sergeant-at-law, of Huntingdon, cr. Bart., 1662, and 
 ob. 1666. His second wife, here mentioned, was Elizabeth, relict of George 
 Lord Digby, ob. January, 1662. 
 
 '' Biggleswade. * William Cecil, second Earl of Salisbury. 
 
 4 Brenoralt, or The Discontented Colonel, a tragedy, by Sir John Suckling. 
 
202 DIARY OF [27th July, 
 
 ill acted; cnly I sat before Mrs. Palmer, the King's mistress, 
 and filled my eyes with her, which much pleased me. Troubled 
 to hear how proud and idle Pall is grown, that I am resolved 
 not to keep her. 
 
 24th. This morning my wife in bed tells me of our being 
 robbed of our silver tankard, which vexed me all day for the 
 negligence of my people to leave the door open. To the 
 Wardrobe, but come too late, and dined with the servants. 
 And then to my Lady, who do shew my wife and me the 
 greatest favour in the world, in which I take great content. 
 To the office all the afternoon, which is a great pleasure to 
 me again, to talk with persons of quality, and to be in com- 
 mand, and I give it out among them that the estate left me 
 is 200Z. a year in land, besides moneys, because I would put 
 an esteem upon myself. I hear that my man Will hath lost 
 his clock with my tankard, at which I am very glad. 
 
 25th. To the Theatre, and saw " The Joviall Crew," 1 the 
 first time I saw it, and indeed it is as merry and the most 
 innocent play that ever I saw, and well performed. Pull 
 of thoughts to think of the trouble that we shall go through 
 before we come to see what will remain to us of all our 
 expectations. 
 
 26th. Mr. Hill of Cambridge tells me, that yesterday 2 put 
 a change to the whole state of England as to the Church ; 
 for the King now would be forced to favour Presbytery, or 
 that the City would leave him : but I heed not what he says, 
 though upon inquiry I do find that things in the Parliament 
 are in a great disorder. 
 
 27th. To Westminster, where, at Mr. Montagu's chamber, 
 I heard a Frenchman play, a friend of Monsieur Eschar's, 
 upon the guitar most extreme well, though at best methinks 
 it is but a bawble. To Westminster Hall, where it was 
 expected that the Parliament was to have been adjourned for 
 two or three months, but something hinders it for a day or 
 two. In the lobby I spoke with Mr. George Montagu, and 
 
 1 Or, " The Merry Beggars," a comedy, by Richard Brome. 
 a When the Savoy conference ended, the Royal Commission having expired on 
 that day. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 203 
 
 advised about a ship to carry my Lord Hinchingbroke and the 
 rest of the young gentlemen to France, and they have resolved 
 of going in a hired vessell from Rye, and not in a man of war. 
 He told me in discourse that my Lord Chancellor is much 
 envied, and that many great men, such as the Duke of Buck- 
 ingham and my Lord of Bristoll, 1 do endeavour to undermine 
 him, and that he believes it will not be done ; for the King, 
 though he loves him not in the way of a companion, as he do 
 these young gallants that can answer him in his pleasures, yet 
 cannot be without him, for his policy and service. From 
 thence to the Wardrobe, where my wife met me, it being my 
 Lord of Sandwich's birthday, and so we had many friends 
 here — Mr. Townsend and his wife, and Captain Ferrer's lady 
 and Captain Isham, and were very merry, and had a good 
 venison pasty. Mr. Partiger, the merchant, was with us also. 
 After dinner, Mr. Townsend was called upon by Captain 
 Cooke : so we three went to a taverne hard by, and there he 
 did give us a song or two ; and without doubt he hath the best 
 manner of singing in the world. Back to my wife, and with 
 my Lady Jem. and Pall by water through bridge, and showed 
 them the ships with great pleasure, and then took them to my 
 house to show it them (my Lady, their mother, having been 
 lately all alone to see it and my wife, in my absence in the 
 country), and we treated them well, and were very merry. 
 Then back again through bridge, and set them safe at home, 
 and so my wife and I by coach home again. 
 
 28th. (Lord's day.) To church, and then come home with 
 us Sir W. Pen, and drank with us, and then went away, and 
 my wife after him, to see his daughter that is lately come out 
 of Ireland ; and whereas I expected she should have been a 
 great beauty, she is a very plain girl. This evening my wife 
 gives me all my linen, which I have put up, and intend to 
 keep it now in my own custody. 
 
 29th. Word is brought that my aunt Fenner is exceeding 
 ill, and that my mother is sent for presently to come to her : 
 also that my cozen Charles Glassecocke, though very ill him- 
 self, is this day gone to the country to his brother John 
 Glassecocke, who is dying there. 
 
 1 George Digby, second Earl of Bristol. 
 
2()4 DIARY OF [3d August 
 
 30th. After my singing-master had done with me this 
 morning, I went to White Hall and Westminster Hall, where 
 I found the King expected to come and adjourne the Parlia- 
 ment. I found the two Houses at a great difference, about 
 the Lords challenging their privileges not to have their houses 
 searched, which makes them deny to pass the House of Com- 
 mons' Bill for searching for pamphlets and seditious books. 
 Thence by water to the Wardrobe (meeting the King upon 
 the water going in his barge to adjourne the House), where I 
 dined with my Lady, and there met Dr. Thomas Pepys, who 
 I found to be a silly, talking fellow, but very good-natured. 
 In Fleet Street, I met with Mr. Salisbury, who is now grown 
 in less than two years' time so great a limner that he is be- 
 come excellent, and gets a great deal of money at it. I took 
 him to Hercules Pillars 1 to drink. 
 
 31st. Singing-master come to me this morning ; then to the 
 office all the morning. In the afternoon I went to the Theatre, 
 and there I saw " The Tamer Tamed" 2 well done. 
 
 August 1st. This morning Sir Williams both, and my wife 
 and I, and Mrs. Margarett Pen (this first time that I have 
 seen her since she come from Ireland) went by coach to Wal 
 thamstowe, a-gossiping to Mrs. Browne, where I did give her 
 six silver spoons 3 for her boy. Here we had a venison pasty, 
 brought hot from London, and were very merry. 
 
 2d. I made myself ready to get a-horseback for Cambridge. 
 So I set out and rode to Ware, this night, in the way having 
 much discourse with a fellmonger, a quaker, who told me what 
 a 'wicked man he had been all his life-time till within this two 
 years. Here I lay. 
 
 3d. Got up early, and got to Barkway, where I staid and 
 drank, and there met with a letter-carrier of Cambridge, with 
 whom I rode all the way to Cambridge, my horse being tired, 
 and myself very wet with rayne. I went to the Castle Hill, 
 where the Judges were at the Assizes ; and I staid till Roger 
 Pepys rose, and went with him, and dined with his brother 
 [the] Doctor and Claxton at Trinity-Hall. Then parted, and 
 
 * A tavern in Fleet Street. * See Oct. 30, 1660, ante. 
 
 * See May 29, 1661, ante. 
 
1«61-] SAMUEL PEPYS. 205 
 
 I went to the Rose, and there with Mr. Pechell, 1 and Sanchy, 
 and others, sat and drank till night, and were very merry, 
 only they tell me how high the old doctors are in the Univer- 
 sity over those they found there, though a great deal better 
 scholars than themselves ; for which I am very sorry, and, 
 above all, Dr. Gunning. At night I took horse, and rode 
 with Roger Pepys and his two brothers to Impington, and 
 there with great respect was led up by them to the best 
 chamber in the house, and there slept. 
 
 4th. (Lord's day.) Walked in the orchard with my cozen 
 Roger, and there discoursed about my uncle's will, in which 
 he did give me good satisfaction, but tells me I shall meet 
 with a great deal of trouble in it. However, in all things he 
 told me what I am to expect and what to do. To church, 
 and had a good plain sermon. At our coming in, the country- 
 people all rose with so much reverence ; and when the parson 
 begins, he begins " Right Worshipfull and dearly beloved" 2 
 to us. To church again, and, after supper, to talk about 
 publique matters, wherein Roger Pepys told me how basely 
 things have been carried in Parliament by the young men, 
 that did labour to oppose all things that were moved by serious 
 men. That they are the most prophane swearing fellows 
 that ever he heard in his life, which makes him think that 
 they will spoil all, and bring things into a warr again, if they 
 can. 
 
 5th. Early to Huntingdon, but was fain to stay a great 
 while at Stanton because of the rayne, and there borrowed a 
 coat of a man for 6d., and so he rode all the way, poor man, 
 
 ' John Peaohell, S. T. P., Vicar of Stanwick, and Prebendary of Carlisle, made 
 Master of Magdalen College, 1679 ', from whioh office, as well as that of Vice- 
 Chancellor, he was suspended by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, May 7, 1687, 
 for disobeying the Royal Mandate. He was, however, restored by King James 
 II.'s Letter to the Headship, October 24, 1688, and died 1690. Lord Dartmouth, 
 in a, note to Burnet's Reign of James II, p. 167, edit. 1852, mentions that Dr. 
 Peaohell starved himself to death : Archbishop Sancroft having rebuked him for 
 setting an ill example in the University by drunkenness and other loose conduct, 
 he did penance by four days' abstinence; after which he would have eaten, but 
 could not. Pepys afterwards (3d May, 1667) remarks upon the rubicundity of 
 Peachell's nose-, on which account he was ashamed to walk with him. 
 
 a This takes away the originality of Dean Swift's " dearly beloved Roger !" 
 
 Vol. L— 21 Q 
 
206 DIARY OF [8th August* 
 
 withjut any. Staid at Huntingdon for a little, but the 
 judges were not yet come hither: so I went to Brampton, and 
 there found my aunt gone from the house, which I am glad 
 of, though it cost us a great deal of money, viz. 101. After 
 dinner, took horse, and rode to Yelling, to my cozen Nightin- 
 gale's, who hath a pretty house here, and did learn of her all 
 she could tell me concerning my business. 
 
 6th. Home to my father, who could discerne that I had 
 been drinking, which he did never see or hear of before : so 
 I eat a bit of dinner, and then took horse for London, and 
 with much ado, the ways being very bad, got to Baldwick. 1 
 There lay, and had a good supper by myself. The landlady 
 being a pretty woman, but I durst not take notice of her, her 
 husband being there. Before dinner, I went to see the 
 church, which is a very handsome church. I find that both 
 here and everywhere else that I come, the Quakers do still 
 continue, and rather grow than lessen. 
 
 7th. Called up at three o'clock, and was a-horseback by 
 four ; and, as I was eating my breakfast, I saw a man riding 
 by that rode a little way upon the road with me last night ; 
 and he, being going with venison in his pan-yards to London, 
 I called him in, and did give him his breakfast with me ; and 
 so we went together all the way. At Hatfield, we bayted 
 and walked into the great house through all the courts ; and 
 I would fain have stolen a pretty dog that followed me, but 1 
 could not, which troubled me. To horse again, and by 
 degrees with much ado got to London, where I found all well 
 at home, and at my father's, and my Lady's, but no newes 
 yet from my Lord where he is. 
 
 8th. Early in the morning to White Hall, but my Lord 
 Privy Seale 2 come not all the morning. Again to the Privy 
 Seale ; but my Lord comes not all the afternoon, which made 
 me mad, and gives all the world reason to talk of his delaying 
 of businesse, as well as his severity and ill using of the clerkes 
 of the Privy Seale. 
 
 1 Baldock. 
 
 3 William, first Viscount, and second Baron Say and Sele, made Lord PrivJ 
 Seal at the Restoration. Ob. April, 1662. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 20T 
 
 9th. I to White Hall, where, after four o'clock, comes my 
 Lord Privy Seale ; and so we went up to his chamber over 
 the gate at White Hall, where he asked me what deputacon 
 I had from my Lord. I told him none ; but that I am 
 sworn my Lord's deputy by both of the Secretarys, which did 
 satisfye him. So he caused Mr. Moore to read over all the 
 bills, and all ended very well. So that I still see the lyon is 
 not so fierce as he is painted. 
 
 10th. This morning come the mayde that my wife hath 
 lately hired for a chamber-mayde. She is very ugly, so that 
 I cannot care for her, but otherwise she seems very good. 
 To the Theatre — " The Merry Devill of Edmunton," 1 a very 
 merry play, the first time I ever saw it, which pleased me 
 well. 
 
 11th. (Lord's day.) To our own church in the forenoon, and 
 in the afternoon to Clerkenwell church, only to see the two 
 fayre Botelers ; and I happened to be placed in the pew where 
 they afterwards come to sit, but the pew by their coming being 
 too full, I went out into the next, and there sat, and had my 
 full view of them both, but I am out of conceit now with them, 
 Colonel Dillon being come back from Ireland again, and do 
 still court them, and comes to church with them, which 
 makes me think they are not honest. Hence to Graye's-Inn 
 Walks, and there staid a good while ; where I met with Ned 
 Pickering, who told me what a great match of hunting of a 
 stag the King had yesterday ; and how the King tired all 
 their horses, and come home with not above two or three 
 able to keep pace with him. 
 
 12th. In the afternoon had notice that my Lord Hinching- 
 broke is fallen ill, which I fear is with the fruit that I did 
 give them on Saturday last at my house : so in the evening 
 I went thither, and there found him very ill, and in great 
 fear of the small-pox. I supped with my Lady, and did 
 consult about him, but we find it best to let him lie where he 
 do ; and so I went home with my heart full of trouble for 
 my Lord Hinchingbroke's sicknesse, and now for my Lord 
 
 1 Anonymous ; printed in 1608. 
 
208 DIARY OF [15th August, 
 
 Sandwich's himself whom we are now confirmed is sick 
 ashore at Alicante, who, if he should miscarry, God knows in 
 what condition would his family be. I dined to-day with 
 my Lord Crewe, who is now at Sir H. Wright's, while his 
 new house is making fit for him, and he is much troubled 
 also at all these things. 
 
 13th. To the Wardrobe, and found my young Lord very 
 ill, so my Lady intends to send her other three sons, Sidney, 
 Oliver, and John, to my house, for fear of the small-pox. 
 Home, and there found my Lady's three sons come, of which 
 I am glad that I am in condition to do her and my Lord any 
 service in this kind ; but my mind is yet very much troubled 
 about my Lord of Sandwich's health. 
 
 14th. This morning Sir W. Batten, and Sir W. Pen and 
 I, waited upon the Duke of York in his chamber, to give 
 him an account of the condition of the Navy for lack of 
 money, and how our own very bills are offered upon the 
 Exchange, to be sold at 20 in the 100 loss. He is much 
 troubled at it, and will speak to the King and Council of it 
 this morning. I went to my Lady's and dined with her, and 
 found my Lord Hinchingbroke somewhat better. At home, 
 I found a letter from Mr. Creed of July last, that tells me 
 that my Lord is rid of his pain (which was wind got into the 
 muscles of his right side) and his feaver, and is now in hopes 
 to go aboard in a day or two, which do give me mighty great 
 comfort. 
 
 15th. Walked to the Wardrobe, and dined with my Lady, 
 and there told her of my Lord's sicknesse, of which, though 
 it hath been the town-talk this fortnight, she had heard 
 nothing, and recovery, of which she was glad, though hardly 
 persuaded of the latter. I found my Lord Hinchingbroke 
 better and better, and the worst past. Thence to the Opera, 
 which begins again to-day with "The Witts," 1 never acted 
 yet with scenes ; and the King and Duke and Duchess were 
 there, who dined to-day with Sir H. Finch, reader at the 
 Temple, in great state ; and indeed it is a most excellent 
 play, and admirable scenes. 
 
 1 A comedy, by Sir W. Davenant. 
 
1*61.3 SAMUEL PEPYS. 209 
 
 16th. At the office all the morning, though little to do ; 
 because all our clerkes are gone to the buriall of Tom Whitton, 
 one of the Comptroller's clerkes, a very ingenious and a likely 
 young man to live, as any in the Office. But it is such a 
 sickly time both in the City and country every where, of a 
 sort of fever, that never was heard of almost, unless it was 
 in a plague-time. Among others, the famous Tom Fuller is 
 dead of it ; and Dr. Nicholls, 1 Dean of Paul's ; and my Lord 
 General Monk is very dangerously ill. Dined at home with 
 the children, and were merry. My aunt Fenner is upon the 
 point of death. 
 
 17th. At the Privy Seale, where we had a seale this morn- 
 ing. Then met with Ned Pickering, and walked with him, 
 into St. James's Park, where I had not been a great while, 
 and there found great and very noble alterations. And, in 
 our discourse, he was very forward to complain and to speak 
 loud of the lewdnesse and beggary of the Court, which I am 
 sorry to hear, and which I am afraid will bring all to ruin 
 again. I to the Opera, and saw " The Witts" again, which 
 I like exceedingly. The Queen of Bohemia was here, brought 
 by my Lord Craven. 2 Troubled in mind that I cannot bring 
 myself to mind my business, but to be so much in love of 
 plays. 
 
 18th. (Lord's day.) I took my wife and Mr. Sidney to my 
 Lady to see my Lord Hinchingbroke, who is now pretty well 
 again, and sits up, and walks about his chamber. To White 
 Hall, and there hear that my Lord General Monk continues 
 very ill ; and then to walk in St. James's Park, and saw a 
 great variety of fowle which I never saw before. At night 
 fell to read in " Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity," which Mr. 
 Moore did give me last Wednesday very handsomely bound ; 
 and which I shall read with great pains and love for his sake. 
 
 19th. I am sent for to the Privy Seale, and there I found 
 
 1 Matthew Nicholas, D.D., installed Dean of St. Paul's, July, 1660. Ob. 
 Aug. 14, 1661. He was brother to Sir Edward Nicholas, Secretary of State. 
 
 5 William, first Earl of Craven, a Privy Councillor, and Colonel of the Cold- 
 stream Guards; supposed to be married to the Queen of Bohemia. Ob. 1697, 
 aged 88. 
 
 21* 
 
210 DIARY OF [22d August 
 
 a thing of my Lord Chancellor's ' to be sealed this afternoon, 
 and so I am forced to go to Worcester House, 2 where severall 
 Lords are met in Council this afternoon. And while I am 
 waiting there, in comes the King in a plain common riding- 
 suit and velvet cap, in which he seemed a very ordinary man 
 to one that had not known him. Home, and there I found 
 that my Lady do keep the children at home, and lets them 
 not come any more hither at present, which a little troubles 
 me to lose their company. This day my aunt Fenner dyed. 
 
 20th. This day we come to some agreement with Sir R. 
 Ford for his house to be added to the office to enlarge our 
 quarters. 3 
 
 21st. I understand by Mr. Moore that my Lady Sandwich 
 is brought to bed yesterday of a young Lady, 4 and is very well. 
 To Mrs. Terry, who lately offered a proposal of her sister for 
 a wife for my brother Tom ; 5 and thence to Mrs. Wheatly's, 
 their mother, and there were well received, and she desirous 
 to have the thing go forward, only is afraid that her daughter 
 is too young, and portion not big enough, but offers 2001. 
 down with her. The girl is very well favoured, and a very 
 child, but modest, and one I think will do very well for my 
 brother: so parted till she hears from Hatfield from her 
 husband, who is there ; but I find them very desirous of it, 
 and so am I. To the Wardrobe, where I supped with the 
 ladies, 6 and hear their mother is well, and the young child. 
 
 22d. To the Privy-Seale, and sealed : so home at noon, 
 and there took my wife by coach to my uncle Fenner's, where 
 there was both at his house and the Sessions great deal of 
 
 1 This " thing" was probably one of those large grants "which Clarendon 
 quietly, or, as he himself says, " without noise or scandal," procured from the 
 King. Besides lands and manors, Clarendon states at one time that the King 
 gave him a "little billet into his hand, that contained a warrant of his own 
 hand-writing to Sir Stephen Fox to pay to the Chancellor the sum of 20,0002., 
 of which nobody could have notice." In 1662, he received 25,0002. out of the 
 money voted to the King by the Parliament of Ireland, as he mentions in his 
 rindication of himself against the impeachment of the Commons ; and we shall 
 Bee that Pepys, in February, 1664, names another sum of 20,000Z. given to the 
 Chancellor to clear the mortgage upon Clarendon Park j and this last sum, it was 
 6elieved, was paid from the money received from France by the sale of Dunkirk. 
 
 1 See ante, July 13, 1660. 3 See Aug. 31, 1661. 
 
 4 See Sept. 3, 1661. ' See Aug. 29, 1661. « Montagu. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 211 
 
 company, but poor entertainment, which 1 wonder at ; and 
 the house so hot, that my uncle Wight, my father, and I 
 were fain to go out, and stay at an alehouse awhile to cool 
 ourselves. Then back again and to church — my father's 
 family being all in mourning, doing him the greatest honour, 
 the world believing that he did give us it : so to church, and 
 staid out the sermon. 
 
 23d. To W. Joyce's, where my wife was, and I took her 
 to the Opera, and shewed her the "Witts," which I had 
 seen already twice, and was most highly pleased with it. 
 
 24th. Called to Sir W. Batten's, to see the strange creature 
 that Captain Holmes hath brought with him from Guiny ; 
 it is a great baboon, but so much like a man in most things, 
 that, though they say there is a species of them, yet I cannot 
 believe but that it is a monster got of a man and she-baboon. 
 I do believe that it already understands much English, and I 
 am of the mind that it might be taught to speak or make 
 signs. To the Opera, and there saw, " Hamlet, Prince of 
 Denmarke," done with scenes very well, but above all, Bet- 
 terton did the Prince's part beyond imagination. 
 
 25th. (Lord's day.) Home ; found my Lady Batten and 
 her daughter to look something askew upon my wife, because 
 my wife do not buckle to them, and is not sollicitous for their 
 acquaintance. 
 
 27th. Casting up my father's accounts, and upon the whole 
 I find that all he hath in money of his owne due to him in 
 the world is 451., and he owes about the same summe : so 
 that I cannot but think in what a condition he had left my 
 mother, if he should have died before my uncle Robert. To 
 the Theatre, and sawthe "Antipodes,"' wherein there is much 
 mirth, but no great matter else. I found a letter from my 
 Lord Sandwich, who is now very well again of his feaver, but 
 not yet gone from Alicante, where he lay sick, and was twice 
 there bled. This letter dated the 22nd July last, which puts 
 me out of doubt of his being ill. 
 
 27th. This morning to the Wardrobe, and there took leave 
 
 A comedy, by Kichard Brome. 
 
212 DIARY OP [31st August 
 
 of my Lord Hinchingbroke and his brother, and saw them go 
 out by coach toward Rye in their way to France, whom God 
 blesse. Then I was called up to my Lady's bedside, where 
 we talked an houre about Mr. Edward Montagu's disposing 
 of the 5000?. for my Lord's preparation for Portugall, and 
 our fears that he will not do it to my Lord's honour, and less 
 to his profit, which I am to inquire a little after. My wife 
 and I to the theatre, and there saw " The Joviall Crew," 
 where the King, Duke, and Duchess, and Madame Palmer, 
 were ; and my wife, to her great content, had a full sight of 
 them all the while. The play full of mirth. 
 
 28th. This day, I counterfeited a letter to Sir W. Pen, as 
 from the thiefe that stole his tankard lately, only to abuse 
 and laugh at him. 
 
 29th. My aunt Bell come to dine with me, and we were 
 very merry. Mr. Evans, the taylor, whose daughter we 
 have had a mind to get a wife for Tom, told us that he hatb 
 not to except against us or our motion, but that the estate 
 that God hath blessed him with is too great to give, where 
 there is nothing in present possession but a trade and house ; 
 and so we friendly ended. 
 
 30th. My wife and I to Drury Lane to the French comedy, 
 which was so ill done, and the scenes and company and 
 everything else so nasty and out of order and poor, that I was 
 sick all the while in my mind to be there. Here my wife 
 met with a son of my Lord Somersett, 1 whom she knew in 
 France, a pretty gentleman, but I shewed him no great 
 countenance, to avoyd further acquaintance. That done, 
 there being nothing pleasant but the foolery of the farce, we 
 went home. 
 
 31st. To Bartholomew faire, and there met with my Ladies 
 Jemimah and Paulina, with Mr. Pickering and Mademoiselle, 2 
 at seeing the monkeys dance, which was much to see, when 
 
 1 Lord John Somerset, second son of the first Marquis of Worcester, had himself 
 three sons, Henry, Thomas, and Charles, but it is uncertain which is here meant. 
 There was no other Lord Somerset to whom the passage could apply. It wu 
 probably Thomas, as the other brothers were married. 
 
 * The young ladies' governess. 
 
'"■"■J SAMUEL PEP'S S. 213 
 
 they could be brought to do so, but it troubled me to sit among 
 such nasty company. After that, with them into Christ's 
 Hospitall, and there Mr. Pickering brought them some fairings, 
 and I did give every one of them a bauble, which was the 
 little globes of glass with things hanging in them, which 
 pleased the ladies very well. After that, home with them in 
 their coach, and there was called up to my Lady, and she 
 would have Tie stay to talk with her, which I did I think a 
 full houre. And the poor lady did with so much innocency 
 tell me how Mrs. Crispe had told her that she did intend, by 
 means of a lady that lies at her house, to get the King to be 
 god-father to the young lady that she is in child-bed now of; 
 but to see in what manner my Lady told it me, protesting 
 that she sweat in the very telling of it, was the greatest 
 pleasure to me in the world to see the simplicity and harm- 
 lessnesse of a lady. 
 
 Thus ends the month. My mayde Jane newly gone, and 
 Pall 1 left now to do all the work till another mayde comes, 
 which shall not be till she goes away into the country with 
 my mother. No money comes in, so that I have been forced 
 to borrow a great deal for my own expenses, and to furnish 
 my father, to leave things in order. I have some trouble 
 about my brother Tom, who is now left to keep my father's 
 trade, in which I have great fears that he will miscarry for 
 want of brains and care. At Court things are in very ill 
 condition, there being so much emulacion, poverty, and the 
 vices of drinking, swearing, and loose amours, that I know 
 not what will be the end of it, but confusion. And the 
 Clergy so high, that all people that I meet with do protest 
 against their practice. In short, I see no content or satisfac- 
 tion any where, in any one sort of people. The Benevolence 2 
 proves so little, and an occasion of so much discontent every 
 where, that it had better it had never been set up. I think 
 to subscribe 20?. We are at our Office quiet, only for lack 
 of money all things go to rack. Our very bills offered to be 
 
 1 Paulina Pepys. 
 
 " A voluntary contribution made by the subjects to their sovereign. Upon thij 
 occasion the clergy alone gave 33,7432. See 31st May, 1661, ante. 
 
214 DIARY OP [1st Sept 
 
 sold upon the Exchange at 10 per cent. loss. We are upon 
 getting Sir R. Ford's house added to our office ; but I see so 
 many difficulties will follow in pleasing of one another in the 
 dividing of it, and in becoming bound personally to pay the 
 rent of 200?. per annum, that I do believe it will yet scarce 
 come to pass. The season very sickly everywhere of strange 
 and fatal fevers. 
 
 September 1st. (Lord's day.) Last night being very rainy, 
 [the water] broke into my house, the gutter being stopped, 
 and spoiled all my ceilings almost. At church in the morning. 
 After dinner we were very merry with Sir W. Pen about the 
 loss of his tankard, though all be but a cheate, and he do not 
 yet understand it ; but the tankard was stole by Sir W. 
 Batten, and the letter, as from the thief, wrote by me, which 
 makes very good sport. Captain Holmes and I by coach to 
 White Hall ; in our way, I found him by discourse to be a 
 great friend of my Lord's, and he told me there was a many 
 did seek to remove him ; but they were old seamen, such as 
 Sir J. Minnes, 1 but he would name no more, though he do 
 believe Sir W. Batten is one of them that do envy him, but 
 he says he knows that the King do so love him, and the 
 Duke of York too, that there is no fear of him. He seems 
 to be very well acquainted with the King's mind, and with 
 all the several factions at Court, and spoke all with so much 
 franknesse, that I do take him to be my Lord's good friend, 
 and one able to do him great service, being a cunning fellow, 
 and one, by his own confession to me, that can put on two 
 several faces, and look his enemies in the face with as much 
 love as his friends. But, good God ! what an age is this, and 
 
 1 John Mennes, or Minnes, bom at Sandwich in 1598, educated at Corpus Christi 
 College, Oxford, became afterwards a great traveller and noted seaman : he held a 
 place in the Navy Office during the reigns of the two elder Stuarts, and was 
 knighted at Dover, in 1641, by Charles I. Adhering to the royal cause, he was, 
 after the Restoration, appointed Governor of Dover Castle, and commanded tho 
 Henry, as a Viee-Admiral, in the fleet that brought Catherine of Braganza to 
 England. Subsequently he was made Comptroller of the Navy, which office he 
 retained till his death, in 1670-1. He is buried in the church of St. Olave, Hart 
 Street, where, in the south aisle, part of a monument to his memory is still to be 
 Been. "Wood describes him as an honest and stout man, generous and religious, 
 well skilled in physic and chymistry, and the author of Musarum DelicitB, and 
 other poems. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 215 
 
 what a world is this ! that a man cannot live without playing 
 the knave and dissimulation. 
 
 2d. Mr. Pickering and I to Westminster Hall again, and 
 there walked an houre or two talking, and, though he be a 
 fool, yet he keeps much company, and will tell all he sees or 
 hears, and so a man may understand what the common talk 
 of the town is. And I find that there are endeavours to get 
 my Lord out of play at sea, which I believe Mr. Coventry 
 and the Duke do think will make them more absolute ; but I 
 hope for all this, they will not be able to do it. My wife 
 tells me that she met at Change with my young ladies of the 
 Wardrobe, and there helped them to buy things, and also 
 with Mr. Somersett, who did give her a bracelet of rings, 
 which did a little trouble me, though I know there is no hurt 
 yet in it, but only for fear of further acquaintance. 
 
 3d. Dined at home, and then with my wife to the Ward- 
 robe, where my Lady's child was christened, my Lord Crewe 
 and his lady, and my Lady Montagu, my Lord's mother-in- 
 law, were the witnesses, and named Catherine, 1 the Queen 
 elect's name ; but to my and all our trouble, the Parson of the 
 parish christened her, and did not sign the child with the sign 
 of the cross. After that was done, we had a very fine banquet. 
 
 4th. My wife come to me to Whitehall, and we went and 
 walked a good while in St. James's Parke to see the brave 
 alterations. 
 
 5th. Put my mother and Pall into the waggon, and saw 
 them going presently — Pall crying exceedingly. To my uncle 
 Fenner's to dinner, in the way meeting a French footman 2 
 with feathers, who was in quest of my wife, and spoke with 
 her privately, but I could not tell what it was, only my wife 
 promised to go to some place to-morrow morning, which do 
 trouble my mind how to know whither it was. My wife and 
 I to the fair, and I showed her the Italians dancing the ropes, 
 and the women that do strange tumbling tricks. 
 
 1 Lady Catherine Montagu, youngest daughter of Lord Sandwioh, married 
 first Nicholas Bacon, eld 3st son and heir of Sir Nicholas Bacon, K.B., of Shrub- 
 land Hall, co. Suffolk; and, secondly, the Rev. Balthazar Grardeman. Sh« 
 died January 15, 1757, set. 96 years, 4 months.— if. /. 
 
 a Apparently a servant of Mr. Somerset's. 
 
216 DIARY OF [9th Sep* 
 
 6th. I went to the Theatre, and saw " Elder Brother" acted ; 
 meeting here with Sir J. Askew, Sir Theophilus Jones, 1 and 
 another knight, with Sir W. Pen, we to the Ship taverne, and 
 there staid, and were merry till late at night. 
 
 7th. Having appointed the young ladies at the Wardrobe 2 
 to go with them to the play to-day, my wife and I took them 
 to the Theatre, where we seated ourselves close by the King, 
 and Duke of York, and Madame Palmer, which was great 
 content ; and, indeed, I can never enough admire her beauty. 
 And here was "Bartholomew Fayre," with the puppet-showe, 
 acted to-day, which had not been these forty years, it being 
 so satyricall against Puritanism, they durst not till now, which 
 is strange they should already dare to do it, and the King to 
 countenance it, but I do never a whit like it the better for 
 the puppets, but rather the worse. Thence home with the 
 ladies, it being by reason of our staying a great while for the 
 King's coming, and the length of the play, near nine o'clock 
 before it was done. 
 
 8th. (Lord's day.) To church, and coming home again, 
 found our new mayd Doll asleep, that she could not hear to 
 let us in, so that we were fain to send a boy in at a window 
 to open the door to us. Begun to look over my accounts, 
 and, upon the whole, I do find myself, by what I can yet see, 
 worth near 600/L, for which God be blessed. 
 
 9th. To Salisbury Court play-house, where was acted the 
 first time, " 'Tis pity shee's a W — e." 3 a simple play, and ill 
 acted, only it was my fortune to sit by a most pretty and most 
 ingenious lady, which pleased me much. To the Dolphin, to 
 drink the 30s. that we got the other day of Sir W. Pen about 
 his tankard. Here was Sir R. Slingsby, Holmes, Captain 
 Allen, Mr. Turner, his wife and daughter, my Lady Batten, 
 and Mrs. Martha, &c, and an excellent company of fiddlers; 
 so we exceeding merry till late ; and then we begun to tell 
 Sir W. Pen the business, but he had been drinking to-day, 
 
 1 Sir Theophilus Jones had represented the county of Dublin in Parliament, 
 and served as a colonel in the Commonwealth army. 
 3 Lord Sandwich's family of daughters. 
 • A tragedy, by John Forde. 
 
1661.] SAMU1SL PEPYS. 217 
 
 and so is almost gone, that we could not make him under- 
 stand it, which caused us more sport. 
 
 11th. To Dr. "Williams, who did carry me into his garden, 
 where he hath abundance of grapes : and he did show me how 
 a dog that he hath do kill all the cats that come thither to 
 kill his pigeons, and do afterwards bury them ; and do it with 
 so much care that they shall be quite covered ; that if the tip 
 of the tail hangs out, he will take up the cat again, and dig 
 the hole deeper, which is very strange ; and he tells me, that 
 he do believe he hath killed above 100 cats. Home to my 
 house to dinner, where I found my wife's brother Baity 1 as 
 fine as hands could make him, and his servant, a Frenchman, 
 to wait on him, and come to have my wife visit a young lady 
 which he is a servant to, and have hope to trepan, and get for 
 his wife. I did give way for my wife to go with him. 
 Walking through Lincoln's Inn Fields, observed at the Opera 
 a new play, " Twelfth Night," was acted there, and the King 
 there : so I, against my own mind and resolution, could not 
 forbear to go in, which did make the play seem a burthen to 
 me ; and I took no pleasure at all in it : and so, after it was 
 done, went home with my mind troubled for my going thither, 
 after my swearing to my wife that I would never go to a play 
 without her. My wife was with her brother to see his mis- 
 tress to-day, and says she is young, rich, and handsome, but 
 not likely for him to get. 
 
 12th. To my Lady's to dinner at the Wardrobe ; and in 
 my way upon the Thames, I saw the King's new pleasure-boat 
 that is come now for the King to take pleasure in above 
 bridge, and also two Gundaloes, 2 that are lately brought, 
 which are very rich and fine. Called at Sir W. Batten's, and 
 there hear that Sir "W. Pen do take our jest of the tankard 
 very ill, which I am sorry for. 
 
 13th. I was sent for by my uncle Fenner to come and 
 
 * Balthazar St. Michel. 
 
 ■ " Two long boats that were made in Venice, called gondolas, were by the Duke 
 of Venice (Dominico Contarini), presented to His Majesty; and the attending 
 waterman, being four, were in very rich clothes, crimson satin ; very big were their 
 breeches and doublets: they wore also very large shirts of the same satin, very 
 richly laced." — Kugge's Diurnal. 
 
 Vol. L— 22 
 
218 DIARY OF [17th Sept 
 
 advise about the buriall of my aunt, 1 the butcher, who died yes- 
 terday. Thence to the Wardrobe, where I found my wife, 
 and thence she and I to the water to spend the afternoon in 
 pleasure, and so we went to old George's, and there eat as 
 much as we would of a hot shoulder of mutton, and so to boat 
 again and home. 
 
 14th. Before we had dined comes Sir R. Slingsby, and his 
 lady, and a great deal of company, to take my wife and I out 
 by barge, to shew them the King's and Duke's yachts. We 
 had great pleasure, seeing all four yachts, viz., these two, and 
 the two Dutch ones. 
 
 15th. (Lord's day.) To my aunt Kite's in the morning, to 
 help my uncle Fenner to put things in order against anon for 
 the burial. After sermon, with my wife to the burial of my 
 aunt Kite, where, besides us and my uncle Fenner's family, 
 there was none of any quality, but poor and rascally people. 
 So we went to church with the corps, and there had service 
 read at the grave, and back again with Pegg Kite, who will 
 be, I doubt, a troublesome carrion 2 to us executors, but if she 
 will not be ruled, I shall fling up my executorship. 
 
 16th. Word is brought me from my brother's, that there 
 is a fellow come from my father out of the country, on pur- 
 pose to speak with me, and he made a story how he had lost 
 his letter, but he was sure it was for me to come into the 
 country, which I believed, but I afterwards found that it was 
 a rogue that did use to play such tricks to get money of 
 people, but he got none of me. Letters from my father in- 
 forming me of the Court, 3 and that I must come down and 
 meet him at Impington, which I presently resolved to do. 
 
 17th. Got up, telling my wife of my journey, and she got 
 me to hire her a horse to go along with me. So I went to 
 my Lady's, and of Mr. Townsend did borrow a very fine side- 
 saddle for my wife, and so, after all things were ready, she and 
 T took coach to the end of the towne towards Kingsland, and 
 there got upon my horse, and she upon her pretty mare that 
 
 1 Mrs. Kite. a A fling at the butcher's trade. 
 
 3 The manorial Court of Gravely, in Huntingdonshire, to which Impington 
 owed suit or service, and under which the Pepys's copyhold estates were held. 
 Cee July 3, 1661, ante. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 219 
 
 I hired for her, and she rides very well. By the mare at one 
 time falling, she got a fall, but no harm ; so we got to Ware, 
 nd there supped, and went to bed. 
 
 18th. Up early, and begun our march : the way about 
 Puckridge very bad, and my wife, in the very last dirty place 
 of all, got a fall, but no hurt, though some dirt. At last, she 
 begun, poor wretch, to be tired, and I to be angry at it, but 
 I was to blame ; for she is a very good companion as long as 
 she is well. In the afternoon, we got to Cambridge, where I 
 left my wife at my cozen Angier's, while I went to Christ's 
 College, and there found my brother in his chamber, and 
 talked with him, and so to the barber's, and then to my wife 
 again, and remounted for Impington, where my uncle received 
 me and my wife very kindly. 
 
 19th. Up early, and my father and I alone talked about 
 our business, and then we all horsed away to Cambridge, 
 where my father and I, having left my wife at the Beare, with 
 my brother, went to Mr. Sedge wicke, the steward of Gravely, 
 and there talked with him, but could get little hopes from 
 anything that he would tell us ; but at last I did give him a 
 fee, and then he was free to tell me what I asked, which was 
 something, though not much comfort. From thence to our 
 horses, and, with my wife, went and rode through Sturbridge 
 fayre, but the fayre was almost done. Set out for Brampton, 
 where we come in very good time. 
 
 20th. Will Stankes and I set out in the morning betimes 
 for Gravely, where to an alehouse and drank, and then, going 
 to the Court House, met my uncle Thomas and his son 
 Thomas, with Bradly, the rogue that had betrayed us, and 
 one Young, a cunning fellow, who guides them. I said little, 
 till by and by that we come to the Court, which was a simple 
 meeting of a company of country rogues, with the Steward, 
 and two Fellows of Jesus College, that are lords of the towne ; 
 and I producing no surrender, though I told them I was sure 
 there is and must be one somewhere, they found my uncle 
 Thomas heire at law, 1 as he is ; and so my uncle was admitted 
 and his son also in reversion. The father paid a year and a 
 
 1 To Robert Pepys, of Brampton. 
 
22C DIARY OF [25th Sept 
 
 half for his fine, and the son half a year, in all, 481., besides 
 about 3Z. fees ; so that I do believe the charges of his journeys, 
 and what he gives those two rogues, and other expences 
 herein, cannot be less than 70?., which will be a sad thing for 
 him, if a surrender be found. After all was done, I openly 
 wished them joy in it. 
 
 21st. After dinner (there coming this morning my aunt 
 Hanes and her son from London, that is to live with my 
 father), I rode to Huntingdon, and so to Hinchingbroke, 
 where Mr. Barnwell shewed me the condition of the house, 
 which is yet very backward, and I fear will be very dark in 
 the cloyster when it is done. 
 
 22d. (Lord's day.) To church, where we had common 
 prayer, and a dull sermon by one Mr. Case, who yet I heard 
 sing very well. 
 
 23d. We took horse, and got early to Baldwick, where 
 there was a fair, and we put in, and eat a mouthfull of porke, 
 which they made us pay 14c?. for, which vexed me much. 
 And so away to Stevenage, and staid till a showre was over, 
 and so rode easily to "Welling. We supped well, and had two 
 beds in the room, and so lay single. 
 
 24th. We rose, and set forth, but found a most sad altera- 
 tion in the roade, by reason of last night's rains, they being 
 now all dirty and washy, though not deep. So we rode 
 easily through, and only drinking at Holloway, at the sign of a 
 woman with cakes in one hand, and a pot of ale in the other, 1 
 which did give good occasion of mirth, resembling her to the 
 mayd that served us, we got home very timely and well, and 
 finding there all well, and letters from sea, that speak of my 
 Lord's being well ; and his Action, though not considerable 
 of any side, at Algiers. 2 
 
 25th. Sir W. Pen told me that I need not fear any re- 
 flection upon my Lord for their ill successe at Argier, for 
 more could not be done. Meeting Sir R. Slingsby in St. 
 Martin's Lane, he and I in his coach through the Mewes, 
 which is the way that now all coaches are forced to go, 
 
 1 Probably the original of the well-known Mother Red-Cap. 
 '•These actions at Algiers have been engraved. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 221 
 
 because of a stop at Charing Crosse, by reason of digging of 
 a drayne there to clear the streets. To my Lord Crewe's, 
 and dined with him, where I was used with all imaginable 
 kindness both from him and her. And I see that he is afraid 
 my Lord's reputacon will a little suffer in common talk by this 
 late successe ; but there is no help for it now. The Queen of 
 England, as she is now owned and called, I hear, doth keep 
 open court, and distinct at Lisbone. To the Theatre, and saw 
 " The Merry Wives of Windsor" ill done. 
 
 26th. With my wife by coach to the Theatre, to shew her 
 "King and no King," it being very well done. 
 
 27th. At noon, met my wife at the Wardrobe ; and there 
 dined, where we found Captain Country, 1 my little Captain 
 that I loved, who carried me to the Sound, with some grapes 
 and millons from my Lord at Lisbone, the first that ever I 
 saw ; but the grapes are rare things. In the afternoon comes 
 Mr. Edward Montagu, by appointment this morning, to talk 
 with my Lady and me about the provisions lit to be bought 
 and sent to my Lord along with him. And told us, that we 
 need not trouble ourselves how to buy them, for the King 
 would pay for all, and that he would take care to get them : 
 which put my Lady and me into a great deal of ease of mind. 
 Here we stayed and supped too ; and, after my wife had put 
 up some of the grapes in a basket for to be sent to the King, 
 we took coach and home, where we found a hamper of millons 
 sent to me also. 
 
 28th. Sir W. Pen and his daughter, and I and my wife, 
 to the Theatre, and there saw " Father's owne Son," 2 a very 
 good play, and the first time I ever saw it. 
 
 29th. (Lord's day.) What at dinner and supper I drink, I 
 know not how, of my own accord, so much wine, that I was 
 even almost foxed, and my head aked all night ; so home and 
 to bed, without prayers, which I never did yet, since I come 
 to the house, of a Sunday night : I being now so out of order 
 
 1 Richard Country, Captain of the Hind, in the fleet at Scheveling. 
 
 1 The only mention of this play occurs in an enumeration of plays belonging 
 to Will. Beeston, as Gorernor of the Cockpit, in Drury Lane. The list is dated 
 10th Aug. 1639. — See Collier's Annals of the Stage, ii, 92. 
 
 22* r 
 
222 DIARY OF [30th Sept 
 
 that I durst not read prayers, for fear of being perceived by 
 my servants in what case I was. 
 
 30th. This morning up by moon-shine, at five o'clock, to 
 Whitehall, to meet Mr. Moore at the Privy Seale, and there I 
 heard of a fray between the two Embassadors of Spaine 1 and 
 France ; 2 and that, this day, being the day of the entrance of 
 an Embassador from Sweden, 3 they intended to fight for the 
 precedence. 4 Our King, I heard, ordered that no Englishman 
 should meddle in the business, 5 but let them do what they 
 would. And to that end all the soldiers in the town were 
 in arms all the day long, and some of the train-bands in the 
 City ; and a great bustle through the City all the day. Then 
 we took coach, which was the business I come for, to Chelsey, 
 to my Lord Privy Seale, and there got him to seal the busi- 
 ness. Here I saw by day-light two very fine pictures in the 
 gallery, that a little while ago I saw by night ; and did also 
 go all over the house, and found it to be the prettiest con- 
 trived house that ever I saw in my life. So back again ; and 
 at White Hall light, and saw the soldiers and people running 
 up and down the streets. So I went to the Spanish Embas- 
 sador's and the French, and there saw great preparations on 
 both sides; but the French made the most noise and ranted 
 
 1 The Baron de Batteville, or as it is often written, Vatteville. 
 
 a Godefroi d'Estrades, Marshal of France, and Viceroy of America. He 
 proved himself, upon many occasions, an able diplomatist, and particularly at the 
 conference of Nimeguen, when acting as ambassador in 1673. Ob. 1686, set. 
 subb 79. 
 
 3 The Count Brahe. 
 This had been a frequent source of contention, and many absurd incidents had 
 occurred. In 1618, Gaspar Dauvet, Comte des Marets, Ambassador to James I., 
 left our Court in dissatisfaction upon a point of precedence claimed by him over 
 Gondomar, which was not allowed by James. The question now came to a crisis, 
 and was settled. See Evelyn's account, drawn up by Royal command, printed at 
 the end of his Diary. 
 
 8 The Comte de Brienne insinuates, in his Memoirs, that Charles purposely 
 abstained from interfering, in the belief that it was for his interest to let France 
 and Spain quarrel, in order to further his own designs in the match with Por- 
 tugal. Louis certainly held that opinion; and he afterwards instructed 
 d'Estrades to solicit from the English Court the punishment of those Lon- 
 doners who had insulted his Ambassador, and to demand the dismissal of De 
 Batteville. Either no Londoner had interfered, or Louis's demand had not in 
 England the same force as in Spain ; for no one was punished. The latter part 
 of his request it was clearly not for Charles to entertain, much less enforce. 
 
1681.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 223 
 
 most, but the other made no stir almost at all ; so that I was 
 afraid the other would have too great a conquest over them. 
 Then to the Wardrobe, and dined there, and then abroad and 
 in Cheapside hear that the Spanish hath got the best of it, 
 and killed three of the French coach-horses and several men, 
 and is gone through the City next to our King's coach ; at 
 which it is strange to see how all the City did rejoice. And 
 indeed we do naturally all love the Spanish, and hate the 
 French. But I, as I am in all things curious, presently got 
 to the water-side, and there took oares to Westminster Palace, 
 and run after them through all the dirt and the streets full of 
 people ; till at last, at the Mewes, I saw the Spanish coach go, 
 with fifty drawn swords at least to guard it, and our soldiers 
 shouting for joy. And so I followed the coach, and then met 
 it at York House, where the embassador lies ; and there it 
 went in with great state. So then I went to the French 
 house, where I observe still that there is no men in the 
 world of a more insolent spirit where they do well, nor before 
 they begin a matter, and more abject if they do miscarry, than 
 these people are ; for they all look like dead men, and not a 
 word among them, but shake their heads. The truth is, the 
 Spaniards were not only observed to fight most desperately, 
 but also they did outwitt them ; first, in lining their own 
 harnesse with chains of iron that they could not be cut, then 
 in setting their coach in the most advantageous place, and to 
 appoint men to guard every one of their horses, and others for 
 to guard the coach, and others the coachmen. And, above 
 all, in setting upon the French horses and killing them, for by 
 that means the French were not able to stir. There were 
 several men slain of the French, and one or two of the 
 Spaniards, and one Englishman by a bullet. 1 Which is very 
 observable, the French were at least four to one in number, 2 
 
 1 This fray was the occasion of a good joke at the French Court, thus related in 
 the Menagiana, vol. ii., p. 336: — "Lors qu'on demandoit, 'Que fait Batteville en 
 Angleterre V on repondoit, ' It bat L'Estrade' " This expression, as is well-known, 
 means " battre la campage avec de la cavalerie pour avoir des nouvelles dea 
 ennemis." — Chambaud's Dictionary. 
 
 a The French accounts swell the number of the Spanish Ambassador's attendants 
 to 2000 : 200 would, perhaps, be nearer the truth. 
 
224 DIARY OP [4th Oct 
 
 and had near 100 case of pistols among them, and the 
 Spaniards had not one gun among them ; which is for their 
 honour for ever and the others' disgrace. So, having heen 
 very much daubed with dirt, I got a coach, and home ; where 
 I vexed my wife in telling of her this story, and pleading for 
 the Spaniards against the French. So ends this month; 
 myself and family in good condition of health, but my head full 
 of my Lord's and my own and the office business ; where we 
 are now very busy about sending forces to Tangier, and the 
 fleet of my Lord of Sandwich, who is now at Lisbone to bring 
 over the Queen. The business of Algiers hath of late 
 troubled me, "because my Lord hath not done what he went 
 for, though he did as much as any man in the world could 
 have done. The want of money puts all things, and above all, 
 the Navy, out of order ; and yet I do not see that the King 
 takes care to bring in any money, but thinks of new- designs 
 to lay out money. 
 
 October 2d. We went to the Theatre, but coming late, and 
 sitting in an ill place, I never had so little pleasure in a play 
 in my life, yet it was the first time that I ever saw it — "Vic- 
 toria Corombono." ' Methinks a very poor play. 
 
 4th. By coach to White Hall with Sir W. Pen. So to 
 Mr. Montagu, where his man, Monsieur Eschar, makes a great 
 complaint against the English, that they did help the Spaniards 
 against the French the other day ; and that their Embassador 
 do demand justice of our King, 2 and that he do resolve to be 
 
 1 " The White Devil ; or, the Life and Death of Vittoria Coromhona, the famous 
 Venetian Courtesan," hy John Webster. 
 
 3 The courier sent by d'Estrades to Paris, with the news of his discomfiture, 
 arrived at the hfltel of the Comte de Brienne (Louis-Henri de Lomenie, who had 
 succeeded his father, Henri-Auguste, as Secretary of State) at eleven at night. 
 Brienne instantly repaired to the King, then at supper with the Queen-Mother, 
 his own Queen, and his brother, Philippe of Anjou (Monsieur) ; and, requesting 
 Louis to appear composed before the numerous spectators, he told him that the 
 Spanish Ambassador's people had cut the traces of his Ambassador's coach, killed 
 two coachmen, and cut the horses' bridles ; and that the Spanish Ambassador's 
 coach had taken precedence of that of d'Estrades, whose own son had also been 
 wounded in the affray. In spite of the caution which he had received, Louis 
 rose up in such agitation, as nearly to overturn the table ; seized Brienne by the 
 arm, led him into the Queen-Mother's chamber, and bade him to read d'Estrades's 
 despatch. The Queen-Mother followed in haste. "What is the matter?" said 
 ghe. — " It is," replied the King, " an attempt to embroil the King of Spain and 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 225 
 
 gone for France the next week ; which X, and all that I met 
 with, are glad of. I found my wife vexed at her people for 
 grumbling to eate Suffolk cheese, which I also am vexed at. 1 
 6th. (Lord's day.) To church in the morning : Mr. Mills 
 preached, who, I expect, should take it in snuffe that my 
 wife did not come to his child's christening the other day. 
 The winter coming on, many of the parish ladies are come, 
 home, and appear at church again : among others, the three 
 sisters of the Thprnburys, very fine, and the most zealous 
 people that ever I saw in my life, even to admiration, if it 
 were true zeal. There was also my pretty black girl, Mrs. 
 Dekins, and Mrs. Margaret Pen, this day come to church, in 
 
 myself." The Queen-Mother begged him to return to the company. "I have 
 supped, Madame," said he, raising his voice. " I will be righted in this affair, 
 or I will declare war against the King of Spain ; and I will force him to yield 
 precedence to my Ambassadors in every Court in Europe." — " Ob, my son !" 
 replied the Queen-mother, "break not a peace which has cost me so dear; and 
 remember, that the King of Spain is my brother." — "Leave me, Madame," 
 rejoined Louis, "to hear d'Estrades' despatch. Return to the table, and let 
 some fruit only be prepared for me." Anne of Austria having retired, Louis lis- 
 tened to the despatch, and instantly gave his commands to Brienne; which were, 
 in substance, to order the Conde de Kuensaldagna, the Spanish Ambassador, to 
 quit France instantly, and to forbid the Marques de las Fuentes, his intended 
 successor, to set foot on the French territory — to recall his Commissioners on the 
 boundary question, as well as the Archbishop of Embrun, his Ambassador at 
 Madrid — to demand from the King of Spain an apology proportionable to the 
 offence j that De Batteville should be punished in person; and that in all the 
 Courts of Europe the Spanish Ambassador should give place to the French ; and, 
 on the refusal of any part of his demands, to declare war. Louis gained all and 
 every point. After much paper war, and many protocols, Spain gave way. The 
 Baron de Batteville was recalled; the Marques de las Fuentes was sent Ambas- 
 sador Extraordinary to Paris, to tender apologies; and on March 24, 1662, in 
 the presence of twenty-seven Ambassadors and Envoys from various Courts of 
 Europe, the Marques de las Fuentes declared to Louis XIV. that the King, his 
 master, had sent orders to all his Ambassadors and Ministers to abstain from all 
 rivalry with those of Louis. Louis, turning to the foreign ministers, desired 
 them to communicate this declaration to their masters. The Dutch Ambassador 
 drily remarked, that he had heard of Embassies to tender obedience to the Pope, 
 but that he had never before known of such from one prince to another. An 
 amusing volume might be written on the absurd punctilios of the Ambassadors ' 
 of the seventeenth century. A medal was struck by the French to commemorate 
 this great event. 
 
 1 This prejudice extended to the days of Pope, whose country mouse enter- 
 tained his courtly guest with 
 
 " Cheese such as men in Suffolk make, 
 But wished it Stilton for his sake." 
 
 Imitations of Horace, Sat. vi., b. 2d. 
 See also ShadwelTs Works, vol. iv., p. 350. 
 
226 DIARY OF [10th Oct 
 
 a new flowered satin suit, that my wife helped to buy her the 
 other day. To church in the afternoon to St. Gregory's by 
 Paul's, where I heard a good sermon of Dr. Buck's, 1 one I 
 never -heard before. A very able man. 
 
 7th. Troubled in my mind till I can hear from Brampton 
 how things go on at Sturtlow, at the Court, 2 which I was 
 cleared in at night by a letter, which tells me that my cozen 
 Tom was there to be admitted, in his father's name, as heire- 
 at-law ; but that was opposed, and I was admitted by proxy, 
 which puts me out of a great trouble of mind. 
 
 8th. After office done, went and eat some Colchester 
 oysters, with Sir W. Batten, and there, with some company, 
 dined, and staid there talking all the afternoon, and late after 
 dinner took Mrs. Martha out by coach, and carried her to the 
 Theatre in a frolique, to my great expence, and there shewed 
 her part of the "Beggar's Bush," without much pleasure, and 
 so home again. 
 
 9th. Thinking to go with Sir Williams both to dinner, by 
 invitation, to Sir W. Eider's, 3 at home I found Mrs. Pierce, 
 la belle, and Madam Clifford, with whom I was forced to stay, 
 and made them the most welcome I could ; and I was (God 
 knows) very well pleased with their beautiful company. 
 Frank Bagge tells me a story of Mrs. Pepys, that lived with 
 my Lady Hardy," Mr. Montagu's sister, a good woman, that 
 she had been very ill, and often asked for me ; that she is in 
 high condition, and that nobody could get her to make her 
 will ; and that now she is well she desires to have a chamber 
 at my house. Now, I do not know whether this is a trick of 
 Bagge's, or a good will of her's to do something for me ; 
 but I will not trust her, but told him I should be glad to see 
 her, and that I would be sure to do all that I could to provide 
 a place for them. 
 
 10th. Sir W. Pen, and my wife and I, to the Theatre, 
 
 1 James Buck, afterwards preacher at the Temple, a man of great learning, 
 and rector of St. James's, Garliekhithe, from 1661 till his death, at an advanced 
 age, in 1685. 
 
 * See Sept. 16, 1661, ante. 
 
 * At Bethnal Green ; mentioned June 26, 1663. 
 
 A mistake for Harvey. She was the wife of Sir Daniel Harvey. 
 
W61.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 227 
 
 where the King come to-day, and there was " The Traytor,'" 
 most admirably acted ; and a most excellent play it is. 
 
 13th. (Lord's day.) This day left off half-skirts, and put on 
 a wastecoate, and my false taby wastecoate with gold lace. 
 
 14th. To Mr. Pirn's my Lord's taylour's, and there he went 
 out with us to the Fountaine taverne, and it being; the Duke 
 of York's birthday, we drank the more to his health. 
 
 17th. Captain Cock, a man of great observation and repute, 
 did tell me, that he was confident that the Parliament, when 
 it comes the next month to sit again, would bring trouble 
 with it, and inquire how the King had disposed of offices and 
 money, before they will raise more ; which, I fear, will bring 
 all things to ruin again. Dined with Captain Lambert and 
 his father-in-law, and had much talk of Portugall; from 
 whence he is lately come, and he tells me it is a very poor 
 dirty place ; I mean, the City and Court of Lisbone ; that 
 the King is a very rude and simple fellow ; and, for reviling 
 of somebody a little while ago, had been killed, had he not 
 told them that he was their King. That there are no glass 
 windows, nor will they have any ; which makes sport among 
 our merchants there to talk of an English factor that, being 
 newly come thither, writ into England that glasse would be a 
 good commodity to send thither, &c. That the King has 
 his meat sent up by a dozen of lazy guards and in pipkins, 
 sometimes, to his own table; and sometimes nothing but 
 fruits, and, now and then, half a hen. And that now the 
 Infanta is become our Queen, she is come to have a whole 
 hen or goose to her table. 
 
 18th. To White Hall, to Mr. Montagu's, where I met 
 with Mr. Pierce, the purser, to advise about the things to be 
 sent to my Lord for the Queen's provision ; now there is all 
 haste made, for the fleet's going. 
 
 19th. At the office all morning, and at noon Mr. Coventry, 
 who sat with us all this morning, and Sir Gr. Carteret, Sir W. 
 Pen, and myself, by coach to Captain Marshe's at Limehouse, 
 to a house that hath been their ancestors for this 250 years, 
 close by the lime-house, which gives the name to the place. 
 
 ' A tragedy, by James Shirley. 
 
228 ' DIARY OP [26th Oct 
 
 Here they have a design to get the King to hire a docke for 
 the herring busses, which is now the great design on foot, to 
 lie up in. We had a very good and handsome dinner and 
 excellent wine. I not being neat in clothes, which I find a 
 great fault in me, could not be so merry as otherwise, and at 
 all times I am, and can be, when I am in good habitt, which 
 makes me remember my father Osborne's rule for a gentleman, 
 to spare in all things rather than that. 
 
 20th. (Lord's-day.) Much oifended in mind at a proud 
 trick my man Will hath got, to keep his hat on in the house, 
 but I will not speak of it to him to-day, but I fear I shall be 
 troubled with his pride and lazinesse, though in other things 
 he is good enough. To church in the afternoon, where a 
 sleepy Presbyter preached, and then to Sir W. Batten, who 
 is to go to Portsmouth to-morrow to wait upon the Duke of 
 York, who goes to take possession, and to set in order the 
 garrison there. 
 
 21st. By coach to Chelsey, to my Lord Privy Seale's, but 
 have missed of coming time enough. Mr. Paynter, the gold- 
 smith, did make good sport of his losing so much by the 
 King's coming in, he having bought much of Crowne lands, 
 of which, God forgive me ! I am very glad. To the Opera, 
 which is now newly begun to act again, after some alteration 
 of their scene, which do make it very much worse ; but the 
 play, "Love and Honour," 1 being the first time of their 
 acting it, is a very good plot, and well done. 
 
 22d. At the office all the morning, where we had a 
 deputation from the Duke in his absence, he being gone to 
 Portsmouth, for us to have the whole disposal and ordering of 
 the Fleet. 
 
 23d. To the Opera, and there I saw again "Love and 
 Honour," and a very good play it is. This day all our office 
 is invited against Tuesday next, my Lord Mayor's day, to 
 dinner with him at Guildhall. 
 
 25th. I did give my man Will a sound lesson about his 
 forbearing to give us the respect due to a master and mistress. 
 
 26th. This morning Sir W. Pen and I should have gone 
 
 1 A tragi-comedy, by Sir W. Davenant, first acted at the Black Friars. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 229 
 
 out of town with my Lady Batten, to have met Sir William 
 coming back from Portsmouth, at Kingston, but could not, 
 by reason that my Lord of Peterborough, 1 who is to go 
 governor of Tangier, 2 come this morning, with Sir G. Carteret, 
 to advise with us about completing of the affairs and pre- 
 parations for that place. My wife and I to the Theatre, and 
 there saw "The Country Captaine," the first time it hath 
 been acted this twenty-five years, a play of my Lord New- 
 castle's, but so silly a play as in all my life I never saw. 
 News was brought that Sir R. Slingsby, our Comptroller, 
 who hath this day been sick a week, is dead; which put 
 me into so great a trouble of mind, that all the night I could 
 not sleep, he being a man that loved me, and had many 
 qualitys that made me to love him, above all the ofiicers and 
 commissioners in the Navy. 
 
 27th. (Lord's day.) At church in the morning, where in 
 the pew both Sir Williams 3 and I had much talk about the 
 death of Sir Robert, which troubles me much ; and them in 
 appearance, though I do not believe it ; because I know that 
 he was a cheque to their engrossing the whole trade of the 
 Navy-office. To church, my wife with them, whose mourning 
 is now grown so old that I am ashamed to go to church with 
 her. 
 
 28th. To the Theatre, and there saw "Argalus and Par- 
 
 1 Henry Mordaunt second Earl of Peterborough, a Privy Councillor, and in 
 1685, made Groom of the Stole. He was also K.G., and died in 1697. 
 
 a This place, so often mentioned, was first giveD up to the English fleet under 
 Lord Sandwich, by the Portuguese, January 30, 1662 ; and Lord Peterborough 
 left governor, with a garrison. The greatest pains were afterwards taken to 
 preserve the fortress, and a fine mole was constructed at a vast expense, to im- 
 prove the harbour. At length, after immense sums of money had been wasted 
 there, the House of Commons expressed a dislike to the management of the gar- 
 rison, which they suspected to be a nursery for a popish army, and seemed dis- 
 inclined to maintain it any longer. The King consequently, in 1683, sent Lord 
 Dartmouth to bring home the troops, and destroy the works; which he pre- 
 formed so effectually, that it would puzzle all our engineers to restore the harbour. 
 It were idle to speculate on the benefits which might have accrued to England, 
 by its preservation and retention; Tangier fell into the hands of the Moors, its 
 importance having ceased with the demolition of the mole. Many curious views 
 of Tangier were taken by Hollar, during its occupation by the English ; and his 
 drawings are preserved in the British Museum. Some have been engraved by 
 himself; but the impressions are of considerable rarity. 
 
 » Sir W. Pen and Sir W. Batten, so styled paeeim. 
 
 Vol. I. — 23 
 
230 DIARY OF [31st Oct. 
 
 thenia," where a woman acted Parthenia, and come after- 
 wards on the stage in men's clothes, and had the best legs 
 that ever I saw, and I was very well pleased with it. Thence 
 to the King's ale-house, and thither sent for a belt-maker, 
 and bought of him a handsome belt for second mourning, 
 which cost me 24s. and is very neat. 
 
 29th. This day I put on my half cloth black stockings 
 and my new coate of the fashion, which pleases me well, and 
 with my bever l I was, after office was done, ready to go to 
 my Lord Mayor's feast, as we are all invited ; but the Sir 
 Williams were both loth to go, because of the crowd, and so 
 none of us went. My mind not pleased, because I had pro- 
 posed a great deal of pleasure to myself this day at Guildhall. 
 This Lord Mayor, it seems, brings up again the custom of 
 Lord Mayors going the day of their instalment to Paul's, and 
 walking round about the Crosse, and offering something at 
 the altar. 
 
 30th. At Sir W. Batten's heard how he had been already 
 at Sir R. Slingsby's, as we were all invited and I intended 
 this night to go [to his funeral], and there he finds all 
 things out of order, and no such thing done to-night, but 
 pretending that the corps stinks, they will bury it to-night 
 privately, and so will unbespeak all their guests, and there 
 shall be no funerall, which I am sorry for, that there should 
 be nothing done for the honour of Sir Robert, but I fear 
 he hath left his family in great distraction. Sir Henry Vane, 
 Lambert, and others, are lately sent suddenly away from the 
 Tower, prisoners to Scilly ; but I do not think there is any 
 plot, as is said, but only a pretence ; as there was once pre- 
 tended often against the Cavaliers. 
 
 31st. With my mind full of trouble, to my uncle Fenner's, 
 when at the alehouse I found him drinking, and very jolly 
 and youthsome, and as one that I believe will in a little time 
 get him a wife. 
 
 ' Doubtless the same mentioned Juue 27, 1661. It was a " chapeau de poil," » 
 mark of some distinction in those days, and which gave name to Rubens's famous 
 picture, now in Sir Robert Peel's collection, of a lady in a beaver hat, or " ohapeau 
 de poil." This having been corrupted into " chapeau de paille," has led to muoh 
 ignorant conjecture. 
 
l661 -] SAMUEL PEPFS. 231 
 
 November 1st. To the Theatre, to " The Jovial Crew." 
 At my house Sir William sent for his son, Mr. William Pen,' 
 lately come from Oxford. 
 
 2d. At the office all the morning ; where Sir John Minnes, 
 our new comptroller, was fetched by Sir William Pen and 
 myself from Sir William Batten's, and led to his place in the 
 office : the first time that he had come thither, and he seems 
 in a good fair condition, and one that I am glad hath the 
 office. 
 
 3d. (Lord's day.) At night, my wife and I had a good sup- 
 per by ourselves of a pullet hashed, which pleased me much 
 to see my condition come to allow ourselves a dish like that. 
 
 4th. With my wife to the Opera, where we saw "The 
 Bondman," which of old we both did so doate on, and do 
 still ; though to both our thinking not so well acted here, 
 having too great expectations, as formerly at Salisbury 
 Court. But for Betterton, 2 he is called by us both the best 
 actor in the world. 
 
 5th. To the Dolphin, where Armiger and I, and Captain 
 Cocke, sat late and drank much, seeing the boys in the streets 
 flying their crackers. This day being kept all the day very 
 strictly in the city. 
 
 7th. I met with letters at home from my Lord at Lisbone, 
 which speak of his being well ; and he tells me he had seen 
 at the court there, the day before he wrote this letter, the 
 Juego de Toro. 3 Peg Kite now hath declared she will have 
 the beggarly rogue the weaver, and so we are resolved neither 
 to meddle nor make with her. 
 
 8th. This morning up early, and to my Lord Chancellor's, 
 with a letter to him from my Lord, and did speak with him ; 
 
 1 The celebrated Quaker, and founder of Pennsylvania. 
 
 2 Thomas Betterton, the celebrated actor, born in 1635, was the son of an under- 
 cook to Charles I., and first appeared on the stage at the Cockpit in Drury Lane, 
 in 1659. After the Restoration, two distinct theatres were established by royal 
 authority; one in Brydges Street, Drury Lane, called the King's Company, under 
 a patent granted to Killigrew; the other in Portugal Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, 
 styled the " Duke's Company," the patentee of which was Sir W. Davenant, who 
 engaged Betterton in 1662. The site was recently Alderman Copeland's Stafford- 
 shire Pottery Warehouse, since pulled down. Betterton died in 1710, and was 
 buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey. 
 
 3 A bull-fight. See May 24, 1662. 
 
232 DIARY OF [11th Nov. 
 
 and he did ask me whether I was son to Mr. Talbot Pepys ' 
 or no (with whom he was once acquainted in the Court of 
 Requests), and spoke to me with great respect. To the Sun 
 in New Fish Street, where Sir J. Minnes, Sir William Batten, 
 and we all were to dine, and by discourse found Sir J. 
 Minnes a fine gentleman and a very good scholler. 
 
 9th. With my Lady all the afternoon. My Lady did 
 mightily urge me to lay out money upon my wife, which I 
 perceived was a little more earnest than ordinary, and so I 
 seemed to be pleased With it, and do resolve to bestow a lace 
 upon her. 
 
 10th. (Lord's day.) At St. Gregory's, where I hear our Queen 
 Katherine the first time by name publickly prayed for. 2 And 
 heard Dr. Buck 3 upon "Woe unto thee, Corazin," &c, where 
 he started a difficulty, which he left to another time to answer, 
 about why God should give means of grace to those people 
 which he knew would not receive them, and deny to others, 
 which he himself confesses, if they had had them, would have 
 received them, and they would have been efFectuall too. I 
 would I could hear him explain this, when he do come to it. 
 
 11th. Captain Ferrers carried me the first time that ever 
 I saw any gaming-house, to one, entering into Lincolne's-Inn- 
 Fields, at the end of Bell Yard, where strange the folly of 
 men to lay and lose so much money, and very glad I was to 
 see the manner of a gamester's life, which I see is very 
 miserable, and poor, and unmanly. And thence he took me 
 to a dancing schoole in Fleet Streete, where we saw a com- 
 pany of pretty girles dance, but I do not in myself like to 
 have young girls exposed to so much vanity. So to the 
 Wardrobe, where I found my Lady had agreed upon a lace 
 for my wife at 6?., which I seemed much glad of that it was 
 no more, though in my mind I think it too much, and I pray 
 God to keep me so to order myself, and my wife's expences, 
 that no inconvenience in purse or honour follow this my pro- 
 digality. 
 
 1 Of Impington, great-uncle to our author. 
 
 3 The King's letter to the council for this purpose was read on November 19. 
 
 * Probably John Buck, D.D., who was Vicar of Stradbrook, Suffolk, and pub- 
 lished, in 1660, a Thanksgiving Sermon, preached at St. Paul's. — Watt's BibL 
 Britain. 
 
1861.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 233 
 
 12th. My wife and I to "Bartholomew Fayre," with pup- 
 pets, which I had seen once before, and the play without 
 puppets often, but though I love the play as much as ever I 
 did, yet I do not like the puppets at all, but think it to be a 
 lessening to it. This day Holmes come to town ; and we do 
 expect hourly to hear what usage he hath from the Duke and 
 the King about his late business of letting the Swedish Embas- 
 sador ' go by him, without striking his flag. 2 
 
 13th. By appointment, we all went this morning to wait 
 upon the Duke of York, which we did in his chamber, as he was 
 dressing himself in his riding suit to go this day by sea to the 
 Downes. He is in mourning for his wife's grandmother, 3 
 which is thought a great piece of fondness [folly]. After we 
 had given him our letter relating the bad condition of the 
 Navy for want of money, he referred it to his coming back, 
 and so we parted. Thence on foot to my Lord Crewe's ; 
 here I was well received by my Lord and Sir Thomas ; with 
 whom I had great talk ; and he tells me in good earnest that 
 he do believe the Parliament, which comes to sit again the 
 next week, will be troublesome to the Court and Clergy, 
 which God forbid ! But they see things carried so by my 
 
 1 The Count Brahe\ 
 
 a And that, too, in the river Thames itself. The right of obliging ships of 
 all nations to lower topsails, and strike their flag to the English, whilst in the 
 British seas, and even on the French coasts, had, up to this time, been rigidly 
 enforced. When Sully was sent by Henry IV., in 1603, to congratulate James I. 
 on his accession, and in a ship commanded by a Vice-Admiral of France, he was 
 fired upon by the English Admiral Mansel, for daring to hoist the flag of France 
 in the presence of that of England, although within sight of Calais. The French 
 flag was lowered, and all Sully's remonstrances could obtain no redress for the 
 alleged injury. According to Rugge, Holmes had insisted upon the Swede's 
 lowering his flag, and had even fired a shot to enforce the observance of the usual 
 tribute of respect, but the Ambassador sent his secretary and another gentleman 
 on board the English frigate, to assure the captain, upon the word and honour 
 of an Ambassador, that the King, by a verbal order, had given him leave and a 
 dispensation in that particular, and upon this false representation he was allowed 
 to proceed on his voyage without further question. This, want of caution, and 
 disobedience of orders, fell heavily on Holmes, who was imprisoned for two 
 months, and not re-appointed to the same ship. Brahe' afterwards made a 
 proper submission, for the fault he had committed, at his own Court. His con- 
 duct reminds us of Sir Henry Wotton's definition of an ambassador — that he is 
 an honest man sent to lie abroad for the good of his country. A pun upon the term 
 lieger- Ambassador 
 
 3 The absurd story that she was a brewer's daughter, is well refuted in Notet 
 and Queries, vol. viL, p. 211. 
 
 23* 
 
234 DIARY OF [18th Nov, 
 
 Lord Chancellor and some others, that get money themselves, 
 that they will not endure it. Home by coach, with my mind 
 very heavy at this my expencefull life, which will undo me, I 
 fear, after all my hopes, if I do not take up, for now I am 
 coming to lay out a great deal of money in clothes for my 
 wife, I must forbear other expences. 
 
 14th. To a dinner of young Mr. Bernard's for myself, Mr. 
 Philips, Davenport, Weaver, &c, where we had a most excel- 
 lent dinner, but a pie of such pleasant variety of good things, 
 as in all my life I never tasted. 
 
 15th. At noon with my wife to the Wardrobe to dinner, 
 and there did show herself to my Lady in the handkercher 
 that she bought the lace for the other day, and indeed it is 
 very handsome. To the Opera, where I met my wife and 
 Captain Ferrers, and Mademoiselle Le Blanc, and there did 
 see the second part of " The Siege of Rhodes" very well done; 
 and so by coach set her home, and the coach driving down the 
 hill through Thames Street, which I think never any coach 
 did before from that place to the bridge-foot, but going up 
 Fish Street Hill, his horses were so tired, that they could not 
 be got to go up the hill, though all the street boys and men 
 did beat and whip them. At last, I was fain to send my boy 
 for a linke, and so light out of the coach till we got to another, 
 at the corner of Fenchurch Street, and so home. 
 
 17th. (Lord's day.) To our own church, and at noon, by 
 invitation, Sir W. Pen dined with me, and I took Mrs. Hester, 
 my Lady Batten's kinswoman, to dinner from church with me, 
 and we were very merry. To church ; and heard a simple fellow 
 upon the praise of church musique, and exclaiming against 
 men's wearing their hats on in the church. To church [again], 
 but slept part of the sermon. 
 
 18th. At St. Paul's, where I saw the quiristers in their sur- 
 plices going to prayers, and a few idle people and boys to 
 hear them, which is the first time I have seen them, and am 
 sorry to see things done so out of order. To the Theatre, to 
 see "Philaster," 1 which I never saw before, but I found it 
 far short of my expectations. 
 
 '"Philaster j or, Love lies a-bleeding," a tragedy, by Beaumont and 
 Fletcher. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 235 
 
 19th. Took coach as far as my cozen Scott's, and my wife 
 and I staid there at the christening of my cozen's boy, where 
 my cozen Samuel Pepys of Ireland and I were godfathers, and 
 I did name the child Samuel. There was a company of 
 pretty women there in the chamber, but we staid not, but went 
 with the minister into another room, and eat and drank — my 
 she-cousin Stradwick being godmother. It cost me 20s. 
 between the midwife and the two nurses to-day. 
 
 20th. To Westminster Hall by water in the morning, 
 where I saw the King going in his barge to the Parliament 
 House ; this being the first day of their meeting again ; and 
 the Bishops, I hear, do take their places in the Lords' House 
 this day. I walked longe in the Hall, but hear nothing of 
 newes, but what Ned Pickering tells me, which I am troubled 
 at, that Sir J. Minnes should send word to the King, that if 
 he did not remove all my Lord Sandwich's captains out of this 
 fleet, he believed the King would not be master of the fleet at 
 its coming again : and so do endeavour to bring disgrace upon 
 my Lord ; but I hope all that will not do, for the King loves 
 him. To the Wardrobe, and dined with my Lady — my Lady 
 Wright 1 being there too, whom I find to be a witty but very 
 conceited woman and proud. Lay long reading "Hobbs his 
 Liberty and Necessity," and a little but very shrewd piece. 
 
 21st. Mr. Moore showed me his old Camden's " Britan- 
 nica," which I intend to buy of him, and took it away with 
 me, and left it at St. Paul's Churchyard to be bound. At the 
 office all the afternoon ; it being the first afternoon that we 
 have sat, which we are now to do always, so long as the Par- 
 liament sits, who this day have voted the King 1,200,000?., 
 to be raised to pay his debts. 
 
 22d. At noon with my wife, by appointment, to dinner at 
 the Dolphin, where Sir W. Batten and his lady, and daughter 
 Matt, 2 and Captain Cook and his lady, a German lady, but a 
 very great beauty, and we dined together, at the spending of 
 some wagers won and lost between him and I ; and there we 
 had the best musique and very good songs, and were very 
 
 1 See March 27th, 1660, ante. Lady Wright lived till 1708. 
 3 Martha Batten. 
 
236 DIARY OP [27th Nov 
 
 merry, and danced, but I was most of all taken with Madam 
 Cook and her little boy, which in mirth his father had given 
 to me. But after all our mirth comes a reckoning of 4J., 
 besides 4s. of the musicians, which did trouble us, but it must 
 be paid, and so I took leave, and left them there about eight 
 at night. 
 
 23d. To Cheapside, to one Savill, 1 a painter, who I intend 
 shall do my picture and my wife's. 
 
 24th. (Lord's day.) Up early, and by appointment to St. 
 Clement's Danes 2 to church, and there to meet Captain Cook, 
 who had often commended Mr. Alsopp, their minister, to me, 
 who is indeed an able man, but as to all things else did not 
 come up to my expectations. His text was, that all good and 
 perfect things are from above. 
 
 25th. To Westminster with Captain Lambert, and there he 
 did at the Dog give me, and some other friends of his, his foy, s 
 he being to set sail to-day toward the Streights. Here we 
 had oysters and good wine. With Sir W. Pen, and Major- 
 General Massy, who I find by discourse to be a very inge- 
 nious man, and among other things a great master in the 
 surveys of powder and fire-works, and another knight to 
 dinner, at the Swan, in the Palace- Yard, and our meat brought 
 from the Legg ; and after dinner to the Theatre, and there 
 saw "The Country Captain;" and that being done, I left Sir 
 W. Pen with his songs, and went to the Opera, and saw the 
 last act of " The Bondman," and there found Mr. Sanchy and 
 Mrs. Mary Archer, sister to the fair Betty, whom I did admire 
 at Cambridge, and thence took them to the Fleece 4 in Covent 
 Garden ; but Mr. Sanchy could not by any argument get his 
 lady to trust herself with him into the taverne, which he was 
 much troubled at, and so we returned immediately into the 
 city by coach, and then set her at her uncle's in the Old 
 Jury. 
 
 27th. To Savill's, the painter, and there sat the first time 
 
 1 No notice of this artist has been discovered. 
 
 So called, because Harold, the Danish king, and others of his countrymen, 
 vrere there buried. 
 
 1 A merry-making given at parting. — Halliwell's Dictionary. 
 4 See the account of this tavern, Dec. 1, 1660, ante. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 237 
 
 for my face with him : thence to dinner with my Lady ; and 
 so after an hour or two's talk in divinity with my Lady, 
 Captain Ferrers, and Mr. Moore and I, to the Theatre, and 
 there saw " Hamlett" very well done. 
 
 28th. Letters from my Lord Sandwich, from Tangier; 1 
 where he continues still, and hath done some execution upon 
 the Turks, and retaken an Englishman from them, 2 one Mr. 
 Parker, a merchant in Marke lane. To the Chancellor's, and 
 there met with Mr. Dugdale, and with him and one Mr. 
 Simons, I think that belongs to my Lord Hatton, 3 and Mr. 
 Kipps and others, to the Fountaine taverne. 
 
 29th. I lay long in bed, till Sir Williams both sent me word 
 that we were to wait upon the Duke of York to-day ; and that 
 they would have me to meet them at Westminster Hall, at 
 noon : so I rose and went thither ; and there I understand 
 that they are gone to Mr. Coventry's lodgings, in the Old 
 Palace Yard, to dinner, the first time that I knew he had 
 any ;" and there I met them, and Sir G. Carteret, and had a 
 very fine dinner, and good welcome, and discourse ; and so, by 
 water, after dinner, to White Hall, to the Duke, who met us 
 in his closet ; and there he did discourse upon the business of 
 Holmes, 5 and did desire of us to know what hath been the 
 common practice about making of forrayne ships to strike 
 sail to us, which they did all do as much as they could ; but 
 I could say nothing to it, which I was sorry for. After we 
 were gone from the Duke, I told Mr. Coventry that I had 
 heard Mr. Selden 6 often say, that he could prove that in Henry 
 the 7th's time, he did give commission to his captains to make 
 the King of Denmark's ships to strike to him 7 in the Baltique. 
 
 *.Lord Sandwich's Journal has been printed by Kennett. See note to Feb. 20, 
 1661-62. 
 
 3 The Ironmongers' Company possess in trust an enormous sum, left by Thomas 
 Betton, for the redemption of Christian slaves in Barbary. Since Lord Exmouth's 
 expedition, no claims have arisen upon the fuud, which is now administered for 
 other purposes, under the direction of the Court of Chancery. 
 
 3 Christopher, first Lord Hatton. Ob. 1670. 
 
 * This may be dinner or lodgings. 
 
 * See 12th Nov. 1661, ante. 
 
 * See Selden's Mare Glausum. 
 
 The tables were in vain attempted to be turned in May, 1670, when Arthur 
 Capel, the first Earl of Essex, sent as Ambassador Extraordinary to Denmark in 
 
 S 
 
^38 DIARY OF [2d. Dee. 
 
 Sir W. Pen and I to the Theatre, but it was so full that we 
 could hardly get any room, so we went up to one of the boxes, 
 and into the 18c?. places, and there saw " Love at First 
 Sight," a play of Mr. Killigrew's, and the first time that it 
 hath been acted since before the troubles, and great expecta- 
 tion there was, but I found the play to be a poor thing, and 
 so I perceive everybody else do. Home, calling at St. Paul's 
 Churchyard for a Mare Clausum, having it in my mind to 
 write a little matter, what I can gather, about the business of 
 striking sayle, and present it to the Duke, which I now think 
 will be a good way to make myself known. 
 
 30th. The old condemned judges of the late King have 
 been brought before the Parliament, and like to be hanged. 
 I am deep in Chancery with Tom Trice. God give a good 
 issue. This is the last day for the old State coyne to pass in 
 common payments, but they say it is to pass in publique pay- 
 ments to the King three months still. 
 
 December 1st. (Lord's day.) Mr. Sanchy should have 
 brought his mistress, Mrs. Mary Archer, of Cambridge, but 
 she could not come ; but we had a good dinner for him. Cut 
 a brave collar of brawne from Winchcombe which proves very 
 good, and also opened the glass of girkins which Captain 
 Cock 1 did give my wife the other day, which are rare things. 
 There hath lately been great clapping up of some old states- 
 men, such as Ireton, Moyer, 2 and others, and they say, upon 
 a great plot, but I believe no such thing ; but it is but justice 
 that they should be served as they served the poor Cavaliers ; 
 and I believe it will oftentimes be so, as long as they live, 
 whether there be cause or no. 
 
 2d. Called on by Mr. Sanchy and his mistress, and with 
 
 » ship of war, was thrice fired upon with shot by Major-General Holke, who 
 commanded the Castle of Cronenburg, which Essex had neglected or refused to 
 salute. Charles did not submit tamely to this insult. Essex was ordered to obtain 
 the fullest reparation, and he did so promptly. On the 19th of the same month, 
 Sir John Trevor, Secretary of State, acknowledged the good success which Lord 
 Essex had had "about the flagg. His majesty received your letter with great 
 satisfaction, which came seasonably to be declared here before the French Court. 
 The satisfaction you have obtained is absolute, and » full renounce to all that 
 pretence on their part." 
 ' Cook. ' Samuel Moyer, one of the Council of State, 1653 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 239 
 
 them by coach to the Opera, to see " The Madd Lover," 1 but 
 not much pleased with the play. 
 
 3d. To the paynter's, 2 and sat and had more of my picture 
 done, but it do not please me, for I fear it will not be like me. 
 
 4th. I saw a man lie dead upon "Westminster Stairs that 
 had been drowned yesterday. 
 
 6th. To White Hall, where, at Sir G. Carteret's, Sir 
 Williams both and I dined very pleasantly ; and after dinner, by 
 appointment, came the Governors of the East India Com- 
 pany, 3 to sign and seal the contract between us, in the King's 
 name, and them. And, that done, we all went to the King's 
 closet, and there spoke with the King and the Duke of York, 
 who promise to be very careful of the India trade to the 
 utmost. 
 
 7th. This morning comes Captain Ferrers and the German, 
 Emanuel Luffe, who goes as one of my Lord's footmen, 
 though he deserves a much better preferment, to take their 
 leave of me, and here I got the German to play upon my 
 theorbo. Within a quarter of an hour after they were gone, 
 comes the German back again, all of a goare of blood, which 
 I wondered at, and tells me that he is afraid that the Captain 
 is killed by the watermen at Tower Stayres ; so I presently 
 went thither, and found that upon some rude pressing of the 
 watermen to ply the Captain, he struck one of them with his 
 cane, 4 which they would not take, but struck him again, and 
 then the German drew his sword, and run at one of them, 
 but they were both soundly beaten. The Captain is, how- 
 ever, got to the hoy that carries him and the pages to the 
 Downes, and I went into the alehouse at the Stayres, and got 
 them to deliver the Captain's feathers, which one from the 
 Captain was come to demand. Home again, and there found 
 my wife dressing of the German's head, and so did [give] him a 
 cravett for his neck, and a crowne in his purse, and sent him 
 
 ' By John Fletcher. a Savill. See 23rd Nov. 1661. 
 
 3 The important charter had heen granted to the Company in the April previous. 
 Bombay, juet acquired, as part of Queen Katharine's dowry, was not made over to 
 the Company by Charles until 1668. 
 
 4 See a similar outrage, committed by Captain Ferrers, 12th Sept. 1662. 
 Bwords were usually worn by footmen. See 4th May, 1662, poat. 
 
24G DIARY OF [11th Dea 
 
 away again. To the Privy Seale, and sealed there ; and, among 
 other things that passed, there was a patent for Roger Palmer, 
 Madame Palmer's husband, to be Earle of Castlemaine ' and 
 Baron of Limbricke in Ireland ; but the honor is tied up to 
 the males got of the body of his wife, the Lady Barbary : the 
 reason whereof everybody knows. That done, by water to 
 the office, where I found Sir W. Pen, and with him Captain 
 Holmes, who had wrote his case, and gives me a copy, as he 
 hath many among his friends, and presented the same to the 
 King and Council, which I have made use of in my attempt of 
 writing something concerning the business of striking sail, 
 which I am now about ; 2 but he do cry out against Sir John 
 Minnes, as the veriest knave and rogue and coward in the 
 world. 
 
 8th. (Lord's day.) Good discourse with my Lady of the 
 great christening yesterday at Mr. Rumbell's, and courtiers 
 and pomp that was there, which I wonder at. 
 
 9th. At noon to dinner at the Wardrobe ; where my Lady 
 Wright was, who did talk much upon the worth and the 
 desert of gallantry ; and that there was none fit to be cour- 
 tiers, but such as have been abroad and know fashions ; which 
 I endeavoured to oppose ; and was troubled to hear her talk 
 so, though she be a very wise and discreet lady in other things. 
 
 10th. To dinner to my Lord Crewe's, by coach, and in my 
 way had a stop of above an houre and a half, which is great 
 trouble this Parliament time, but it cannot be helped. How- 
 ever, I got thither before my Lord come from the House, and 
 so dined with him. 
 
 11th. My wife by coach to Clerkenwell, to see Mrs. Mar- 
 garet Pen, who is at schoole there. 
 
 ' Ob. July, 1705. 
 
 a Pepys seems not to have been aware at the time that Sir John Burroughs, 
 Keeper of the Records, temp. Car. I., had written a Treatise on the Sovereignty 
 of the British Seas, copies of which, both in Latin and English, are common, 
 and one of which is in the Pepysian Library ; neither had he discovered that 
 William Ryley, the Herald, Deputy Keeper of the Records, whom he knew per- 
 sonally, had also written on the subject, and had made extracts from the Records. 
 Ryley's collections appear to have belonged to James II., and were probably made 
 for him at this time. The Duke of Newcastle afterwards possessed them, and 
 they are now in the British Museum. 
 
1661.J SAMUEL PEPYS. 241 
 
 12th. Dined with my Lady, where her brother, Mr John 
 Crewe, dined also, and a strange gentlewoman dined at the 
 table as a servant of my Lady's ; but I knew her not, and so 
 I was afraid that poor Mademoiselle * was gone ; but I since 
 understand that she is come as housekeeper to my Lady, and 
 is a married woman. 
 
 13th. With my wife to the painter's, 2 and there she sat the 
 first time to be drawn, while I all the while stood looking on 
 a pretty lady's picture, whose face did please me extremely. 
 At last, he having done, I found that the dead colour of my 
 wife is good, above what I expected, which pleased me exceed- 
 ingly. 
 
 15th. (Lord's day.) I am now full of study about writing 
 something about oar making of strangers strike to us at sea , 
 and so am altogether reading Selden and Grotius, and such 
 other authors to that purpose. 
 
 16th. After dinner to the Opera, where there was a new 
 play, Cutter 3 of Coleman Street, made in the year 1658, with 
 reflections much upon the late times ; and it being the first 
 time, the pay was doubled, and so to save money, my wife 
 and I went into the gallery, and there sat and saw very well ; 
 and a very good play it is — it seems of Cowley's making. 
 
 21st. To White Hall, to the Privy Seale, as my Lord 
 Privy Seale did tell me he could seale no more this month, 
 for he goes thirty miles out of towne, to keep his Christmas. 
 At which I was glad, but only afraid lest any thing of the 
 King's should force us to go after him to get a seale in the 
 country. Taken by some Exchequer men to the Dogg, where, 
 it being St. Thomas's day, by custome, they have a general 
 meeting at dinner. There I was, and all very merry. I spoke 
 to Mr. Falconberge to look whether he could, out of Domes- 
 day Book, 4 give me anything concerning the sea, and the 
 dominion thereof; which he says he will look after. This 
 evening my wife come home from christening Mrs. Hunt's 
 
 ■ See Nov 15, 1661, ante. * Savill's. 
 
 ■ Cutter, in old English, means a swagger : hence the title of the play. It was 
 originally called " The Guardian," when acted before royalty at Cambridge. 
 
 4 What idea could Pepys have formed of Doomsday Book ? 
 
 Vol. I.— 24 
 
242 DIARY OF [28th Deo. 
 
 son, his name John, and a merchant in Marke Lane come 
 along with her, that was her partner. 
 
 22d. (Lord's day.) My wife and I to church, and there 
 in the pew, with the rest of the company, was Captain Holmes, 
 in his gold-laced suit, at which I was troubled. 
 
 23d. Lighting at my bookseller's [Kirton's], in St. Paul's 
 churchyard, I met there with Mr. Cromlum, and the second 
 master of Paul's School, and thence I took them to the Starr, 
 and there we sat and talked, and I had great pleasure in their 
 company, and very glad I was of meeting him so accidentally, 
 I having omitted too long to go to see him. Here in dis- 
 course of books I did offer to give the schoole what booke he 
 would choose of 51. So we parted. 
 
 25th. In the morning to church, where at the door of our 
 pew I was fain to stay, because that the sexton had not 
 opened the door. A good sermon of Mr. Mills. 
 
 26th. After dinner, Sir William came to me, and he and 
 his son and daughter, and I and my wife, by coach to Moor 
 Fields to walk, but it was most foule weather, so we went 
 into an alehouse, and there eat some cakes and ale, and a 
 washeall and bowle 1 woman and girl come to us, and sung to 
 us. 
 
 27th. In the morning to my bookseller's, to bespeak a 
 Stephens' Thesaurus, for which I offer 4Z., to give to Paul's 
 School, and from thence to Paul's Church ; and there I did 
 hear Dr. Gunning preach a good sermon upon the day, being 
 St. John's day, and did hear him tell a story, which he did 
 persuade us to believe to be true, tnat St. John and the Virgin 
 Mary did appear to Gregory, a Bishopp, at his prayer to be 
 confirmed in the faith, which I did wonder to hear from him. 
 
 28th. At home all the morning ; and in the afternoon all 
 of us at the office, upon a letter from the Duke for the 
 making up of a speedy estimate of all the debts of the Navy, 
 which is put into good forwardness. 
 
 "The wenches with their wassail bowls 
 About the streets are singing. " — -Wither's Ghristmaa Carol. 
 The old custom of carrying the wassail bowl from door to door, with songs 
 and merriment, in Christmas week, is still observed in some of our rural districts. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 243 
 
 29th. (Lord's day.) To the Abbey, and there meeting with 
 Mr. Hooper, he took me in among the quire, and there I sang 
 with them their service. To the Wardrobe, and supped, and 
 staid very long talking with my Lady, who seems to doat 
 every day more and more upon us. 
 
 30th. With my wife and Sir W. Pen to see our pictures, 
 which do not much displease us. With my wife to the play, 
 and saw "DAmbois," 1 which I never saw. 
 
 31st. My wife and I this morning to the paynter's 
 [Savill's], and there she sat the last time, and I stood by, and 
 did tell him some little things to do, that now her picture I 
 think will please me very well ; and after her, her little black 
 dogg sat in her lap, and was drawn, which made us very 
 merry : so home to dinner. To the office ; and there late 
 finishing our estimate of the debts of the Navy to this day ; 
 and it come to near 374,0002. So home, and after supper 
 and my barber had trimmed me, I sat down to end my journell 
 for this year, and my condition at this time, by God's blessing, 
 is that my health is very good, and so my wife's, in all 
 respects : my servants, W. Hewer, Sarah, Nell, and Wayne- 
 man : my house at the Navy Office. I suppose myself to be 
 worth about 500?. clear in the world, and my goods of my 
 house my owne, and what is coming to me from Brampton, 
 when my father dies, which God defer. But, by my uncle's 
 death, the whole care and trouble, and settling of all, lies upon 
 me, which is very great, because of lawsuits, especially that 
 of T. Trice, about the interest of 200?., which will, I hope, 
 be ended soon. My chiefest thought is now to get a good 
 wife for Tom, there being one offered by the Joyces, a cousin 
 of theirs, worth 200?. in ready money. I am upon writing a 
 little treatise to present to the Duke, about our privilege in 
 the seas, as to other nations striking their flags to us. But 
 my greatest trouble is, that I have for this last half year been 
 a very great spendthrift in all manner of respects, that I am 
 afraid to cast up my accounts, though I hope I am worth 
 what I say above. But I will cast them up very shortly. I 
 have newly taken a solemn oath about abstaining from plays 
 
 1 A tragedy, by George Chapman. 
 
244 DIARY Off [4th Jan. 
 
 and wine, which I am resolved to keep, according to the letter 
 of the oath which I keep by me. The fleet hath been ready 
 to sail for Portsmouth, but hath lacked wind this fortnight, 
 and by that means my Lord is forced to keep at sea all this 
 winter, till he brings home the Queen, which is the expecta- 
 tion of all now, and the greatest matter of publique talk. 
 
 1661-62. 
 
 January 1st. "Waking this morning out of my sleep on a 
 sudden, I did with my elbow hit my wife a great blow over 
 her face and neck, which waked her with pain, at which I was 
 sorry, and to sleep again. We went by coach to see the play 
 of the Spanish Curate ; l and a good play it is, only Diego the 
 Sexton did overdo his part too much. 
 
 2d. An invitation sent us before we were upp from my 
 Lady Sandwich's, to come and dine with her : so at the office 
 all the morning, and at noon thither to dinner, where there 
 was a good and great dinner, and the company, Mr. William 
 Montagu and his lady ; but she seemed so far from the beauty 
 that I expected her from my Lady's talk to be, that it put 
 me into an ill humour all day, to find my expectation so lost. 
 I went forth, by appointment, to meet with Mr. Grant, who 
 promised to bring me acquainted with Cooper, 2 the great 
 limner in little, but they deceived me. Sir Richard Fanshaw 
 is come suddenly from Portugall, and nobody knows what his 
 business is about. 
 
 3d. To Faithorne's, 3 and there bought some pictures of 
 him ; and while I was there, comes by the King's life-guard, 
 he being gone to Lincoln's Inne this afternoon to see the 
 Eevells there ; there being, according to an old custome, a 
 prince and all his nobles, and other matters of sport and 
 charge. 
 
 4th. At home, hanging up pictures, and seeing how my 
 pewter sconces that I have bought will become my stayres and 
 entry. With Mr. Chetwin, who had a dog challenged of him, 
 
 1 By John Fletcher. Pepys saw it at the Duke's Theatre. 
 * Samuel Cooper, the celebrated miniature painter. Ob. 1672. 
 ' William Faithorne, the well-known engraver. Ob. 1691. 
 
1661-82.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 245 
 
 by another man, that said it was his, but Mr. Chetwin called 
 the dog, and the dog at last would follow him, and not his 
 old master. 
 
 5th. (Lord's day.) My brother Tom tells me how he hath 
 seen the father and mother of the girle which my cozen Joyces 
 would have him to have for a wife, and they are much for it, 
 but we are in a great quandary what to do therein — 2001. being 
 but a little money ; and I hope, if he continues as he begins, 
 he may look for one with more. To church, and before 
 sermon, there was a long psalm, and half another sung out, 
 while the Sexton gathered what the church would give him 
 for this last half year, I gave him 3s., and have the last week 
 given the Clerke 2s., which I set down, that I may know 
 what to do the next year, if it please the Lord that I live so 
 long; but the jest was, the Clerk begins the 25th psalm, 
 which hath a proper tune to it, and then the 116th, which 
 cannot be sung with that tune, which seemed very ridiculous. 
 
 6th. To dinner to Sir W. Pen's, it being a solemn feast 
 day with him — his wedding day, 1 and we had, besides a good 
 chine of beef and other good cheer, eighteen mince pies in a 
 dish, the number of years that he hath been married, 2 where 
 Sir W. Batten and his lady and daughter was, and Colonel 
 Treswell and Major 3 Holmes, who I pereeive would fain get 
 to be free and friends with my wife, but I shall prevent it, 
 and she herself hath also a defyance against him. 
 
 8th. This night come about 100?. from Brampton by 
 carrier to me, in holsters from my father, which made me 
 laugh. 
 
 10th. To "White Hall, and there spoke with Sir Paule 
 Neale, 4 about a mathematical request of my Lord's to him, 
 which I did deliver to him, and he promised to employ 
 somebody to answer it — something about observation of the 
 moone and stars, but what I did not mind. An injuncon is 
 
 1 Lady Penn was Margaret, daughter of Sir John Jasper, of Rotterdam. — Life 
 of Penn, ii., 572. 
 3 The same custom is noticed, "Feb. 3, 1661-62. 
 
 * See June 16, 1660, and note. 
 
 * Sir Paul Neile, of White Waltham, Berks, son of Neile, Archbishop of York, 
 an active member of the Royal Society. 
 
 24* 
 
246 DIARY OF [13th Jan 
 
 granted in Chancery against T. Trice, at which I was very 
 glad, being before in some trouble for it. To meet my wife 
 at Mrs. Hunt's to gossip with her, which we did alone, and 
 were very merry, and did give her a cup and spoon for my 
 wife's god-child. 
 
 11th. To the Exchange, and there all the news is of the 
 French and Dutch joyning against us ; but I do not think it 
 yet true. In the afternoon, to Sir W. Batten's where in 
 discourse I heard the custome of the election of the Duke of 
 Genoa, 1 who for two years is every day attended in the 
 greatest state, and four or five hundred men always waiting 
 upon him as a king ; and when the two years are out, and 
 another is chose, a messenger is sent to him, who stands at 
 the bottom of the stairs, and he at the top, and says, "V a . 
 niustrissima Serenita sta finita, ed puede andar en casa." — 
 "Your serenity is now ended; and now you may be going 
 home :" and so claps on his hat. And the old Duke, having 
 by custom sent his goods home before, walks away, it may 
 be with but one man at his heels ; and the new one brought 
 immediately in his room, in the greatest state in the world 
 Another account was told us, how the Dukedom of Ragusa, 
 in the Adriatique, a State that is little, but more ancient, 
 they say, than Venice, and is called the mother of Venice, 
 and the Turkes lie round about it, that they change all the 
 officers of their guard, for fear of conspiracy, every twenty- 
 four hours, so that nobody knows who shall be captain of the 
 guard to-night ; but two men come to a man, and lay hold of 
 him as a prisoner, and carry him to the place ; and there he 
 hath the keys of the garrison given him, and he presently 
 issues his orders for that night's watch ; and so always from 
 'night to night. Sir William Rider told the first of his own 
 knowledge ; and both he and Sir W. Batten confirmed the last. 
 13th. Before twelve o'clock comes, by appointment, Mr. 
 Peter and the Dean, and Colonel Honiwood, 2 brothers, to 
 
 1 Readers will find a good account of the origin of the Ducal Government of 
 Genoa in Hallam's Middle Agee, vol. i., p. 468. 
 
 ' These three brothers were the sons of Robert Honywood, of Charing, Kent, 
 who had purchased the estate of Mark's Hall, in Essex ; and whose mother, Mary 
 Attwaters, after forty-four years of widowhood, died at ninety-three, having 
 
1661-62.] BAMUEL PEPTS. 247 
 
 dine with me, but so soon, that I was troubled at it. Mr. 
 Peter did show us the experiment, which I had heard talke 
 of, of the chymicall glasses, 1 which break all to dust by 
 breaking off a little small end ; which is a great mystery to 
 me. My aunt Wright and my wife and I to cards, she 
 teaching us to play at gleeke, 2 which is a pretty game ; but I 
 have not my head so free as to be troubled with it. 
 
 14th. This day, my brave vellum covers to keep pictures 
 in, come in, which pleases me very much. 
 
 15th. This morning, Mr. Berkenshaw 3 come again, and 
 after he had examined me and taught me something in my 
 work, he and I went to breakfast in my chamber upon a 
 collar of brawn ; and after we had eaten, asked me whether 
 we had not committed a fault in eating to-day ; telling me, that 
 it is a fast-day ordered by the Parliament,* to pray for more 
 
 lived to see three hundred and sixty-seven of her own lawful descendants. Colonel 
 Honywood and Peter seem, from subsequent notices in the Diary, to have been 
 both knighted j but we find no particulars of their history. Michael Honywood, 
 D.D., was rector of Kegworth, co. Leicester, and seeking refuge at Utrecht during 
 the Rebellion, was, on his return, made Dean of Lincoln, and died in 1681, aged 
 85, having been generally considered a learned and holy man. The widow of Dean 
 Honywood left his library to the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln. Many early 
 printed books of great rarity contained in this collection were dispersed under the 
 auspices of Dean Gordon in 1817, and replaced by the purchase of modern works 
 comparatively of no value. See Botfield's Account of our Cathedral Libraries. In 
 the Topographer and Genealogist, No. V., there is a printed account of " Mary 
 Honywood and her posterity," taken from a MS. of Peter Le Neve's, in the 
 Lansdowne Collection, in the British Museum. 
 
 * They are formed by dropping melted glass into water. These drops are still 
 called after Prince Rupert, who brought them out of Germany, where they were 
 named "Laerymse Batavicse." They consist of glass drops with long and slender 
 tails, which burst to pieces on the breaking off those tails in any part. The in- 
 vention is thus alluded to in Hudibras : — 
 
 Honour is like that glassy bubble 
 That finds philosophers such trouble, 
 Whose least part cracked, the whole does fly, 
 And wits are cracked to find out why." 
 
 Part II., canto ii., line 385. 
 
 A game at cards played by three persons, each hand having twelve cards, and 
 the rest being left for the stock.- — Halliwell's Dictionary. "Whatever games were 
 stirring at places where he retired, as gammon, gleek, picquet, or even the merry 
 main, he made one." — Life of Lord Keeper Ouildford, voL i., p. 17. See Feb. 17, 
 1661-62, post. ' Pepys's musio-master. 
 
 * On the 8th, a Proclamation was issued for a general fast to be observed in 
 London and Westminster on the 15th, and in the rest of England on the 22d v 
 with prayers on occasion of "the present unseasonableneie of the weather." 
 
248 DIARY OF [17th Jan. 
 
 seasonable weather ; it having hitherto been summer weather, 
 that it is, both as to warmth and every other thing, just as if 
 it were in the middle of May or June, which do threaten a 
 plague, as all men think, to follow, for so it was almost the 
 last winter ; and the whole year after hath been a very sickly 
 time to this day. 1 
 
 16th. Towards Cheapside ; and in Paul's churchyard saw 
 the funeral of my Lord Cornwallis, 2 late Steward 3 of the 
 King's House, go by. And thence I to the paynter's, and 
 there paid him 61. for the two pictures, and 36s. for the two 
 frames. Stoakes told us that notwithstanding the country of 
 Gambo" is so unhealthy, yet the people of the place live very 
 long, so as the present King there is 150 years old, which 
 they count by rains ; because every year it rains continually 
 four months together. He also told us, that the kings there 
 have above 100 wives a-piece. 
 
 17th. To Westminster, with Mr. Moore, and there I met 
 with Lany, the Frenchman, who told me that he had a letter 
 from France last night, that tells him that my Lord Hinch- 
 ingbroke is dead, and that he did die yesterday was se'nnight, 
 which do surprise me exceedingly, though we know that he 
 hath been sick these two months, so I hardly ever was in 
 my life ; but being fearfull that my Lady should come to 
 hear it too suddenly, he and I went up to my Lord Crewe's, 
 and there I dined with him, and after dinner 'we told him, 
 and the whole family is much disturbed by it : so we con- 
 sulted what to do to tell my Lady of it ; and at last we 
 thought of my going first to Mr. George Montagu's to hear 
 whether he had any news of it, which I did, and there found 
 all his house in great heavinesse for the death of his son, Mr. 
 George Montagu, who did go with our young gentlemen into 
 
 William Lucy, Bishop of St. David's, preached hefore the House of Lords. Dr. 
 Samuel Bolton and Dr. Bruno Ryves preached at St. Margaret's, before the House 
 of Commons. 
 
 * The old proverb says truly, that "a green yule maketh a fat kirk-yard." 
 Apples were growing at this time. 
 
 3 See ante, April 23, 1661, note. * This should be Treasurer. 
 
 4 Gambia, on the western coast of Africa, then recently possessed by the Eng- 
 lish. Its unhealthy character is still, alas ! well proved by our cruisers against 
 the slave trade. 
 
1681-62.] SAMUEL PEPYS. £41 
 
 France, and that they hear nothing at all of our young lord ; 
 so believing that thence comes the mistake, I returned to my 
 Lord Crewe, in my way to the Piazza seeing a house on fire, 
 and all the streets full of people to quench it, and told them 
 of it, which they are much glad of, and conclude, and so I 
 hope, that my Lord is well ; and so I went to my Lady Sand- 
 wich and told her all, and after much talk I parted thence, 
 with my wife, who had been there all the day, and so home 
 to my musique, and then to bed. 
 
 18th. Comes Mr. Moore to give me an account how Mr. 
 Montagu 1 has gone away of a sudden with the fleet, in such 
 haste, that he hath left behind some servants, and many 
 things of consequence ; and among others, my Lord's commis- 
 sion for Embassador. "Whereupon he and I took coach, and 
 to White Hall to my Lord's lodgings, to have spoke with Mr. 
 Ralph Montagu, his brother, and here staid talking with 
 Sarah and the old man ; but by and by hearing that he was 
 in Covent Garden, we went thither ; and at my Lady Harvy's, 
 his sister, I spoke with him, and he tells me that the commis- 
 sion is not left behind. 
 
 19th. (Lord's day.) Into the Old Bayly by appointment to 
 speak with Mrs. Norbury, who lies (it falls out) next door to 
 my uncle Fenner's ; but, as God would have it, we having no 
 desire to be seen by his people, he having lately married a mid- 
 wife, that is old and ugly, and that hath already brought home 
 to him a daughter and three children, we were let in at a back 
 doore. And here she offered me the refusall of some lands 
 of hers at Brampton, if I have a mind to buy. Thence to 
 my uncle Wright's, and there we supped, and were merry, 
 though my uncle hath lately lost 2 or 300 at sea, and I am 
 troubled to hear that the Turkes do take more and more of 
 our ships in the Straights, and that our merchants here in 
 London do daily break, and are still likely to do so. 
 
 1 Edward Montagu, noticed 20th April, 1660, dying unmarried, v. p., his 
 brother Ralph succeeded, as third Lord Montagu of Boughton, and was created an 
 Earl in 1689, and in 1705 Duke of Montagu. He was Ambassador to France from 
 1668 to 1672 ; and some of his letters were used for the impeachment of the Earl 
 of Danby, afterwards Duke of Leeds. He died in 1709. His sister Elizabeth had 
 married Sir Daniel Harvey, who was knighted by Charles II. at his first landings 
 and was sent, in 1668, Ambassador to Constantinople. 
 
 S 
 
250 DIARY OP [22djan. 
 
 20th. This day did divide the two butts, which we four did 
 send for, of sherry from Cales, and mine was put into a hogs- 
 head, and the vessel filled up with four gallons of Malaga 
 wine ; what it will stand us in I know not ; but it is the first 
 great quantity of wine that I ever bought. 
 
 21st. Home, to practice my composition of musique. We 
 have heard nothing yet how far the fleet hath got toward 
 Portugall. 
 
 22d. After musique-practice, to White Hall, and thence to 
 Westminster, in my way calling at Mr. George Montagu's, 1 
 to condole on the loss of his son, who was a fine gentleman ; 
 and it is no doubt a great discomfort to our two young gen- 
 tlemen, his companions in France. After this discourse, he 
 told me, among other news, the great jealousys that are now 
 in the Parliament House. The Lord Chancellor, it seems, 
 taking occasion from this late plot to raise fears in the people, 
 did project the raising of an army forthwith, besides the con- 
 stant militia, thinking to make the Duke of York General 
 thereof. But the House did, in very open termes, say, they 
 were grown too wise to be fooled again into another army ; 
 and said they had found how that man that hath the command 
 of an army is not beholden to any body to make him King. 
 There are factions, private ones at Court, about Madam 
 Palmer ; but what it is about I know not. But it is some- 
 thing about the King's favour to her now that the Queen is 
 coming. He told me, too, what sport the King and Court do 
 make at Mr. Edward Montagu's leaving his things behind 
 him. But the Chancellor, taking it a little more seriously, 
 did openly say to my Lord Chamberlaine, 2 that had it been 
 such a gallant as my Lord Mandeville, 3 his son, it might have 
 been taken as a frolique ; but for him, that would be thought 
 a grave coxcombe, it was very strange. Thence to the Hall, 
 
 1 Henry Montagu, first Earl of Manchester, had numerous issue by his first 
 lady j but George, here mentioned, was the eldest son of Margaret Crouch, the 
 earl's third wife. See also 7th March, 1650, ante. 
 
 1 The Earl of Manchester. 
 
 3 Robert Montagu, Viscount Mandeville, was a Gentleman of the Bedchamber 
 to Charles II. He became third Earl of Manchester on his father's death, and 
 ■lied at Paris in 1682. 
 
1661-62.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 251 
 
 where I heard the House had ordered all the King's murderers 
 that remain to be executed, but Fleetwood and Downes. 
 
 23d. By invitacon to my uncle Fenner's, where I found 
 his new wife, a pitiful, old, ugly, ill-bred woman, in a hatt, a 
 midwife. Here were many of his, and as many of her rela- 
 tions, sorry, mean people ; and after choosing our gloves, we 
 all went over to the Three Crane taverne, 1 and, though the 
 best room of the house, in such a narrow dogg-hole we were 
 crammed, and I believe we were near forty, that it made me 
 loath my company and victuals ; and a sorry, poor dinner it 
 was too. After dinner, I took aside the two Joyces, to thank 
 them for their kind thoughts for a wife for Tom : but that, 
 considering the possibility there is of my having no child, and 
 what then I shall be able to leave him, I do think he may 
 expect in that respect a wife with more money, and so desired 
 them to think no more of it. 
 
 24th. To the Wardrobe, where very merry with my Lady, 
 and after dinner I went for the pictures 2 thither, and mine 
 is well liked ; but she is so much offended with my wife's ; 
 and I am of her opinion, that it do much wrong her ; but I 
 will have it altered. 
 
 25th. At home and the office all the morning. Walking 
 in the garden 3 to give the gardener directions what to do this 
 year, for I intend to have the garden handsome, Sir W. Pen 
 come to me, and did break a business to me about removing 
 his son from Oxford to Cambridge to some private college. 
 I proposed Magdalene, but cannot name a tutor at present ; 
 but I shall think and write about it. Thence with him to the 
 Trinity-house to dinner ; where Sir Richard Brown, 4 one of 
 
 1 In Upper Thames Street. 
 3 Painted by Savill. 
 
 3 " I remember your honour very well, when you newly came out of France, and 
 wore pantaloon breeches; at which time your late honoured father [Sir W. Penn] 
 dwelt in the Navy Office, in that apartment the Lord Viscount Brouncker dwelt in 
 afterwards, which was on the north part of the Navy Office garden."- — P. Gibson 
 of Penn y e Quaker, Life of Penn, ii., 616. 
 
 4 He had been gentleman of the Privy Chamber to Charles L, and Resident in 
 France for that monarch. He was created a Baronet 1st September, 1 649, and 
 died 10th February, 1683. Much is said of him in the Diary of John Evelyn, 
 who married his only child and heir; and thus became possessor of Sayes Court 
 
252 DIARY OF [27th fun. 
 
 the clerkes of the Council, and who is much concerned against 
 Sir N. Crisp's project 1 of making a great sasse 2 in the King's 
 lands about Deptford, to be a wett-dock to hold 200 sail of 
 ships. But the ground, it seems, was long since given by the 
 King to Sir Richard. After the Trinity-house men had done 
 their business, the master, Sir William Rider, come to bid us 
 welcome ; and so to dinner. Comes Mr. Moore with letters 
 from my Lord Sandwich, speaking of his lying still at Tangier 
 looking for the fleet ; which, we hope, is now in a good way 
 thither. 
 
 26th. (Lord's day.) Thanks be to God, since my leaving 
 drinking of wine, I do find myself much better, and do mind 
 my business better and do spend less money, and less time 
 lost in idle company. 
 
 27th. This morning, both Sir Williams and I by barge 
 to Deptford-yard to give orders in business there ; and 
 called on several ships, also to give orders. Going to take 
 water upon Tower Hill, we met with three sleddes standing 
 there to carry my Lord Monson 3 and Sir H. Mildmay 4 and 
 
 Part of Deptford Dockyard is still held under the Evelyn family. The plans, on 
 a large scale, of Sayes Court, and Deptford Dockyard, executed by Joel Gascoyne, 
 in 1692, probably for Evelyn himself, are in the British Museum, together with 
 plans of the dockyard, as it existed in 1688, 1698, and 1774, respectively; and 
 also other plans of the docks made for the Evelyns. 
 
 1 Sir N. Crisp was magnificent in all his projects. 
 
 2 "Sasse, it sluice, or lock, used in water-works." — Bailey's Dictionary. This 
 project is mentioned by Evelyn, 16th Jan. 1661-2, and Lysons, Environs, vol. iv., 
 p. 392. 
 
 8 William, second son of Sir Thomas Monson, Bart. ; created, by Charles I., 
 Viscount Monson of Castleraaine, in the kingdom of Ireland. Notwithstanding 
 this act of favour, he was instrumental in the King's death ; and in 1661, being 
 degraded of his honours, was sentenced, with Sir Henry Mildmay and Robert 
 Wallop, to undergo the punishment here described. None of their names were 
 subscribed to the King's sentence. An account of this ceremony was printed at 
 the time, entitled "The Traytor's Pilgrimage from the Tower to Tyburn, being a 
 true relation of the drawing of William Lord Mounson, Sir Henry Mildmay, and 
 
 'Squire Wallop with the manner of the proceedings at Tyburn, in order 
 
 to the degrading and divesting of them of their former titles of honour, and their 
 declaratory speeches to both the right worshipful Sheriffs of London and Middle- 
 sex." The late Lord Monson and the present Lord Sondes, are descended from 
 the eldest son of Sir Thomas Monson. Viscount Monson left one son by his second 
 wife, Alston Monson, who died s. p. in 1674. — Collins's Peerage. 
 
 ' Sir Henry Mildmay, third son of Sir Humphrey Mildmay, had enjoyed the 
 confidence of Charles L, who made him Master of the Jewels j hut he sat a few 
 days as one of the King's judges. He died at Antwerp. His estate of Wansted 
 
1661-62.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 253 
 
 another, 1 to the gallows and back again, with, ropes about 
 their necks ; which is to be repeated every year, this being 
 the day of their sentencing the King. 
 
 28th. With my wife to the paynter's, where we staid very 
 late to have her picture mended, which at last is come to be 
 very like her, and I think well done ; but the paynter, though 
 a very honest man, I found to be very silly as to matter of 
 skill in shadowes. 
 
 30th. Fast-day for the murthering of the late King. I went 
 to church, and Mr. Mills made a good sermon upon David's 
 words, " Who can lay his hands upon the Lord's Anoynted 
 and be guiltlesse?" 
 
 31st. All the morning in my cellar ordering some alteracons 
 therein, being much pleased with my new doore into the back- 
 yard. 
 
 February 1st. This morning with Commissioner Pett to the 
 office ; and he staid there writing, while I and Sir W. Pen 
 walked in the garden talking about his business of putting his 
 son to Cambridge ; and to that end I intend to write to-night 
 to Fairebrother, to give me an account of Mr. Burton of Mag- 
 dalene. Thence with Mr. Pett to the paynter's ; and he likes 
 our pictures very well, and so do I. Thence he and I to the 
 Countess of Sandwich, to lead him to her to kiss her hands : 
 and dined with her, and told her the news, which Sir W. Pen 
 told me to do, that expresse is come from my Lord with 
 letters, that by a great storm and tempest the mole of Algiers 
 is broken down, and many of their ships sunk into the mole. 
 So that God Almighty hath now ended that unlucky business 
 for us ; which is very good news. 
 
 2d. (Lord's day.) To church in the morning, and then home, 
 and dined with my wife, and so both of us to church again, 
 where we had an Oxford man give us a most impertinent 
 sermon upon " Cast your bread upon the waters," &c. 
 
 was confiscated, and was given to Sir Robert Brookes ; and by him, or his heirs, 
 or creditors, alienated in 1667 to Sir Josiah Childe, ancestor of the Earl Tylney. 
 See May 14, 1665. It is now Lord Mornington's, in right of his first wife. Sir 
 Henry Mildmay's other estates were saved by being settled on his marriage. 
 
 * Robert Wallop, the direct ancestor of the present Earl of Portsmouth. H» 
 died in tho Tower, November 16th, 1667. 
 
 Vol. I. — 25 t 
 
254 DIARY OF [4th Feb. 
 
 3d. After musique-practice, I dined with Sir W. Batten 
 with many friends more, it being his wedding-day, and among 
 other froliques, it being their 3rd year, they had three pyes, 
 whereof the middlemost was made of an ovall form in an ovall 
 hole within the other two, which made much mirth, and was 
 called the middle piece ; and above all the rest, we had great 
 striving to steal a spooneful out of it ; and I remember Mrs. 
 Mills, the minister's wife, did steal one for me, and did give 
 it me ; and to end all, Mrs. Shippman did fill the pie full of 
 white wine, it holding at least a pint and a half, and did 
 drink it off for a health to Sir William and my Lady — it being 
 the greatest draught that ever I did see a woman drink in my 
 life. I went along with my Lady and the rest of the gentle- 
 women to Major Holmes's, and there we had a fine supper — 
 among others, excellent lobsters, which I never eat at this 
 time of the year before. The Major hath good lodgings at 
 the Trinity House. At last home, and, being in my chamber, 
 we do hear great noise of mirth at Sir William Batten's, 
 tearing the ribbands 1 from my Lady and him. 
 
 4th. To Westminster Hall, where it was full terme. Here 
 all the morning, and at noon to my Lord Crewe's, where one 
 Mr. Templer, 2 an ingenious man and a person of honour he 
 seems to be, dined ; and, discoursing of the nature of serpents, 
 he told us some in the waste places of Lancashire do grow to 
 a great bigness, and do feed upon larkes, which they take 
 thus : — They observe, when the lark is soared to the highest, 
 and do crawl till they come to be just underneath them ; and 
 there they place themselves with their mouth uppermost, and 
 there, as is conceived, they do eject poyson upon the bird; for 
 the bird do suddenly come down again in its course of a circle, 
 and falls directly into the mouth of the serpent ; which is very 
 strange. He is a great traveller ; and, speaking of the taran- 
 tula, he says that all the harvest long, about which times they 
 are most busy, there are fiddlers go up and down the fields 
 every where, in expectation of being hired by those that are 
 stung. This afternoon, going into the oflice, one met me, and 
 
 ' As if newly married. See note to Jan. 24, 1659-60. 
 
 a Probably Benjamin Templer, rector of Ashby, in Northamptonshire. 
 
1661.] SAMUEL PBPYS 255 
 
 did serve a subpoena upon me for one Field, whom we did 
 commit to prison ' the other day for some ill words he did 
 give the oflice. The like he had for others, but we shall 
 scoure him for it. 
 
 5th. To the Playhouse, and there saw " Rule a Wife and 
 have a Wife ;" very well done. And here also I did look 
 long upon my Lady Castlemaine, who, notwithstanding her 
 sickness, continues a great beauty. 
 
 6th. After dinner, my barber trimmed me, and so to the 
 office, where I do begin to be exact in my duty there, and 
 exacting my privileges. 
 
 7th. I hear the prisoners in the Tower that are to die, are 
 come to the Parliament-house this morning. To the Ward- 
 robe, to dinner with my Lady ; where a civitt cat, parrot, apes, 
 and many other things, are come from my Lord by Captain 
 [William] Hill, who dined with my Lady with us to-day. 
 Thence to the paynter's [Savill's], and am well pleased with 
 our pictures. 
 
 9th. (Lord's day.) I took physique this day, and was all 
 day in my chamber, talking with my wife about her laying 
 out of 20?., which I had long since promised her to lay out 
 in clothes against Easter, for herself, and composing some 
 ayres, God forgive me ! At night to prayers and to bed. 
 
 10th. To Paul's Churchyard, and there I met with Dr. 
 Fuller's "England's Worthys," the first time that I ever saw 
 it ; and so I sat down reading in it ; being much troubled 
 that, though he had some discourse with me about my family 
 and armes, he says nothing at all, nor mentions us either in 
 Cambridgeshire or Norfolke. But I believe, indeed, our family 
 were never considerable. 
 
 11th. At the office in the afternoon ; so home to musique : 
 my mind being full of our alteracons in the garden. At 
 night begun to compose songs, and begin with " Gaze not on 
 the swans." 2 
 
 12th. This morning till four in the afternoon I spent abroad, 
 
 1 Which afterwards caused Pepys much trouble. 
 
 a The poetry of the song, " Ga2e not on Swans," is by H. Noel, and set to 
 music by H. Lawes, in his Ayres and Dialogues, 1653. 
 
256 DIARY OF [16th Feb. 
 
 doing of many and very considerable businesses : so home, with 
 my mind very highly contented with my day's work, wishing 
 I could ao so every day. 
 
 13th. Mr. Blackburne do tell me plain of the corruption of 
 all our Treasurer's officers, and that they hardly pay any 
 money under ten per cent. ; and that the other day, for a 
 mere assignation of 200?. to some counties, they took 15?., 
 which is very strange. Last night died the Queen of 
 Bohemia. 1 
 
 14th. (Valentine's day.) I did this day purposely shun to 
 be seen at Sir W. Batten's, because I would not have his 
 daughter to be my Valentine, as she was the last year, there 
 being no great friendship between us now, as formerly. This 
 morning in comes W. Bowyer, who was my wife's Valentine, 
 she having, at which I made good sport to myself, held her 
 hands all the morning, that she might not see the paynters 
 that were at work in gilding my chimney-piece and pictures 
 in my dining-room. 
 
 15th. With the two Sir Williams to the Trinity House ; 2 
 and there, in their society, had the business debated of Sir 
 Nicholas Crisp's sasse 3 at Deptford. After dinner, I was sworn 
 a Younger Brother, Sir W. Rider being Deputy-Master for- 
 my Lord of Sandwich ; and after I was sworn, all the Elder 
 Brothers shake me by the hand ; it is their custom, it seems. 
 No news yet of our fleet gone to Tangier, which we now begin 
 to think long. 
 
 16th. (Lord's day.) To church this morning. In the after- 
 noon, I walked to St. Bride's to church, to hear Dr. Jacomb 
 preach upon the recovery, and at the request, of Mrs. Turner, 
 who come abroad this day, the first time since her long sick- 
 ness. He preached upon David's words, "I shall not die, but 
 live, and declare the works of the Lord," and made a pretty 
 good sermon, though not extraordinary. After sermon, I led 
 
 1 At Leicester House, on the north side of the present Leicester Square, to 
 which she had removed only five days previously from Drury House, in Drury 
 Lane, the residence of Lord Craven, to whom it has been asserted that she was 
 married. 
 
 * In Water Lane. J See Jan. 25, 1661-2. 
 
1661-62.] SAMUEL PBPTS. 257 
 
 her home, and sat with her, and there was the Dr. got before 
 us ; but strange what a command he hath got over Mrs. 
 Turner, who was so carefull to get him what he would, after 
 his preaching, to drink, and he, with a cunning gravity, knows 
 how to command, and had. it, and among other things told us 
 that he heard more of the Common Prayer this afternoon 
 (while he stood in the vestry, before he went up into the 
 pulpitt) than he had heard this twenty years. 
 
 17th. This morning, both Sir Williams, myself, and Cap- 
 tain Cocke, and Captain Tinker of the Convertine, 1 which we 
 are going to look upon (being intended [to go] with these 
 ships fitting for the East Indys), down to Deptford; and 
 thence, after being on ship-board, to Woolwich, and there eat 
 something. The Sir Williams being unwilling to eat flesh, 2 
 Captain Cock and I had a breast of veale roasted. Going 
 and coming, we played at gleeke, 3 and I won 9s. 6d. clear, 
 the most that ever I won in my life. I pray God it may not 
 tempt me to play again. 
 
 18th. Having agreed with Sir W. Pen to meet him at the 
 Opera, and finding by my walking in the streets, which were 
 every where full of brick-battes and tyles flung down by the 
 extraordinary winde the last night,* such as hath not been in 
 memory before, unless at the death of the late Protector, 
 that it was dangerous to go out of doors ; and hearing how 
 several persons had been killed to-day by the fall of things in 
 
 1 A fourth-rate, of 48 guns; in 1665 it was commanded by Captain John 
 Pearoe. 
 
 a In Lent, of which the observance, intermitted for nineteen years, was now 
 reviving. We have seen that Pepys, as yet, had not cast off all show of purita- 
 nism. "In this month the Fishmongers' Company petitioned the King that 
 Lent might be kept, because they had provided abundance offish for this season, 
 and their prayer was granted." — Rugge. 
 
 3 See Jan. 13, 1661-2, ante. 
 
 4 "A dreadful storm of wind happened one night in February, anno 1661-2, * 
 which, though general, at least, all over England, yet was remarkable at Oxford 
 in these two respects : — 1. That though it forced the stones inwards into the 
 cavity of Allhallow's spire, yet it overthrew it not. And 2. That in the morning, 
 when there was some abatement of its fury, it was yet so violent, that it laved 
 water out of the river Cherwell, and cast it quite over the bridge at Magdalen 
 College, above the surface of the water, near twenty foot high ; which passage, 
 with advantage of holding by the College wall, I had then curiosity to go to see 
 myself, which otherwise perhaps I should have as hardly credited, as some other 
 persons now may do." — Plot's Natural History of Oxfordshire, p. 5. 
 
 25 * 
 
258 DIARY OP 120th Feb. 
 
 the streets, and that the pageant in Fleet Streete is most of 
 it blown down, and hath broke down part of several houses, 
 among others Dick Brigden's ; and that one Lady Sanderson, 1 
 a person of quality in Covent-Garden, was killed by the house, 
 in her bed, last night ; I sent my boy to forbid Sir W. Pen 
 to go forth. But he bringing me word that he is gone, I 
 went to the Opera, and saw "The Law against Lovers," 2 a 
 good play and well performed, especially the little girl's, 
 whom I never saw act before, dancing and singing ; and 
 were it not for her, the losse of Roxalana d would spoil the 
 house. 
 
 19th. Musique practice : then to the Trinity-House to con- 
 clude upon our report of Sir N. Crisp's project, who come to 
 us to answer objections, but we did give him no eare, but 
 are resolved to stand to our report. 
 
 20th. Letters from Tangier from my Lord, telling me how, 
 upon a great defete given to the Portuguese there by the 
 Moors, he had put in three hundred men into the towne, 4 and 
 
 1 This was not the mother of the maids. 
 
 "- 1 A tragi- comedy, by Sir William Davenant; taken from "Measure for Mea- 
 sure," and "Much Ado about Nothing." 
 
 3 This actress, so called from the character she played in the "Siege of 
 Rhodes," was Elizabeth Davenport. Evelyn saw her on the 9th Jan. 1661-2, 
 she being soon after taken to be "My Lord Oxford's Miss;" but she returned to 
 the stage within a year. See May 20tb, post. She was induced to marry the 
 Earl of Oxford, after indignantly refusing to become his mistress, and discovered, 
 when too late, that the nuptial ceremony had been performed by the Earl's 
 trumpeter, in the habit of a priest. For more of her history, see Mimoires de 
 Grammont. Ashmole records the birth of the Earl of Oxford's son, by Rox- 
 alana, 17th April, 1664, which shows that the liaison continued after her return 
 to the stage. (Cat. p. 205.) The child was called Aubrey Vere. — Ward's 
 Diary, p. 131. 
 
 4 "Sunday, Jan. 12. This morning, the Portuguese, 140 horse in Tangier, 
 made a salley into the country for booty, whereof they had possessed about 400 
 cattle, 30 camels, and some horses, and 35 women and girls, and being six miles 
 distant from Tangier, were intercepted by 100 Moors with harquebusses, who in 
 the first charge killed the Aidill with a shot in the head, whereupon the rest of 
 the Portuguese ran, and in the pursuit 51 were slain, whereof were 11 of the 
 knights, besides the Aidill. The horses of the 51 were also taken by the Moors, 
 and all the booty relieved. 
 
 " Tuesday, Jan. 14. This morning, Mr. Mules came to me from the Governor, 
 for the assistance of some of our men into the castle. 
 
 " Thursday, Jan. 16. About 80 men out of my own ship, and the Princess, 
 went into Tangier, into the lower castle, about four of the clock in the afternoon. 
 
 "Friday, Jan. 17. In the morning, by eight o'clock, the Martyn came in from 
 
1661-62.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 259 
 
 so he is in possession, of which we are very glad, because now 
 the Spaniards' designs of hindering our getting the place are 
 frustrated. I went with the letter inclosed to my Lord Chan- 
 cellor to the House of Lords, and did give it him in the 
 House. Went by promise to Mr. Savill's, and there sat the 
 first time for my picture in little, which pleased me well. 
 
 21st. Packing up glass to send into the country to my 
 father, and books to my brother John, and then to my Lord 
 Crewe's to dinner. 
 
 22d. Come Mr. Savill with the pictures, and we hung 
 them up in our dining-room. It comes now to appear very 
 handsome with all my pictures. This evening I wrote letters 
 to my father ; among other things acquainted him with the 
 unhappy accident which hath happened lately to my Lord of 
 Dorset's two oldest sons, who, with two Belasses's and one 
 Squire Wentworth, were lately apprehended for killing and 
 robbing of a tanner about [Stoke] Newington on Wednesday 
 last, and are all now in Newgate. I am much troubled for 
 it, and for the grief and disgrace it brings to their familys and 
 friends. 1 
 
 23d. (Lord's day.) My cold being increased, I staid at 
 home all day, pleasing myself with my dining-room, now 
 graced with pictures, and reading of Dr. Fuller's Worthys : 
 so I spent the day. This day, by Cod's mercy, I am 29 
 
 Cales (Cadis) "with provisions, and about ten a clock I sent Sir Richard Stayner, 
 with 120 men, besides officers, to the assistance of the Governor, into Tangier." 
 — Lord Sandwich's Journal, in Kennett's Register. 
 
 On the 23rd, Lord Sandwich put one hundred more men into Tangier; on the 
 29th and 30th, Lord Peterborough and his garrison arrived from England, and 
 received possession from the Portuguese; and, on the 31st, Sir Richard Stayner 
 and the seamen re-embarked on board Lord Sandwich's fleet. 
 
 1 The following account of this transaction is abridged from the Mercuriua 
 Publicna of the day : — " Charles Lord Bnckhurst, Edward Sackville, Esq., his 
 brother ; Sir Henry Belasyse, K.B., eldest son of Lord Belasyse ; John Belasyse, 
 brother to Lord Eaulconberg; and Thomas Wentworth, Esq., only son of Sir G. 
 Wentworth, whilst in, pursuit of thieves near Waltham Cross, mortally wounded 
 an innocent tanner, named Hoppy, whom they had endeavoured to secure, sus- 
 pecting him to have been one of the robbers ; and as they took away the money 
 found on his person, under the idea that it was stolen property, they were soon 
 after apprehended on the charges of robbery and murder : but the Grand Jury 
 found a bill for manslaughter only." And it would seem, from an allusion t« 
 their trial, in the Diary, 1st July, 1663, that they were acquitted. 
 
260 DIARY OF [28th Feb. 
 
 years of age, and in very good health, and like to live and 
 get an estate ; and if I have a heart to he contented, I think 
 T may reckon myself as happy a man as any in the world, for 
 which God he praised. So to prayers and to hed. 
 
 24th. Long with Mr. Berkenshaw in the morning at my 
 musique practice, finishing my song of " Gaze not on swans," in 
 two parts, which pleases me well, and I did give him 51. for thi 
 month or five weeks that he hath taught me, which is a great 
 deal of money, and troubled me to part with it. Thence to 
 the paynter's, and set again for my picture in little. Called 
 Will up, and chid him before my wife, for refusing to go to 
 church with the maids yesterday, and telling his mistress that 
 he would not be made a slave of. 
 
 25th. Great talk of the effects of this late great wind ; and 
 I heard one say that he had five great trees standing together 
 blown down ; and, beginning to lop them, one of them, as 
 soon as the lops were cut off, did, by the weight of the root, 
 rise again and fasten. We have letters from the forest of 
 Deane, that above 1000 oakes and as many beeches are blown 
 down in one walke there. And letters from my father tell me 
 of 20Z. hurt done to us at Brampton. This day in the news- 
 booke I find that my Lord Buckhurst 1 and his fellows have 
 printed their case as they did give it in upon examination to 
 a Justice of Peace, wherein they make themselves a very good 
 tale that they were in pursuit of thieves, and that they took 
 this man for one of them, and so killed him ; and that he 
 himself confessed it was the first time of his robbing ; and that 
 he did pay dearly for it, for he was a dead man. But I 
 doubt things will prove otherwise than they say. 
 
 27th. Come Mr. Berkenshaw, and in our discourse we fell 
 to angry words, so that in a pet he flung out of my chamber, 
 and I never stopped him, having intended to put him off to- 
 day, whether this had happened or no, because I think I have 
 all the rules .that he hath to give. 
 
 28th. The boy failing to call us up as I commanded, I was 
 
 1 Charles Lord Buckhurst, eldest son of Richard Sackville, fifth Earl of 
 Dorset; created Lord Cranfield and Earl of Middlesex soon after his uncle's 
 death, in 1675, and succeeded his father as Earl of Dorset in :667. Ob, 
 1705-6. 
 
1661-82.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 261 
 
 angry, and resolved to whip him for that, and many other 
 faults, to-day. Early with Sir W. Pen by coach to White 
 Hall, to the Duke of York's chamber, and there I presented 
 him from my Lord a fine map of Tangier, done by one Cap- 
 tain Beckman, 1 a Swede, that is with my Lord. We staid 
 looking it over a great while with the Duke after he was 
 ready. I and Will get me a rod, and he and I called the . 
 boy up to one of the upper rooms of the Comptroller's house 
 towards the garden, and there I reckoned all his faults, and 
 whipped him soundly, but the rods was so small that I fear 
 they did not much hurt to him, but only to my arm, which I 
 am already, within a quarter of an houre, not able to stir 
 almost. 
 
 March 1st. My wife and I by coach, first to see my little 
 picture that is a-drawing, and thence to the Opera, and there 
 saw "Romeo and Juliet," 2 the first time it was ever acted, 
 but it is a play of itself the worst that ever I heard, and the 
 worst acted that ever I saw these people do, and I am resolved 
 to go no more to see the first time of acting, for they were all 
 of them out more or less. I do find that I am 500?. before- 
 hand in the world, which I was afraid I was not, but I find 
 that I had spent above 250?. this last half year. 
 
 2d. (Lord's day.) Talking long in bed with my wife, about 
 our frugall life for the time to come, proposing to her what I 
 could and would do, if I were worth 2000Z., that is, be a 
 knight, and keep my coach, 3 which pleased her. To church 
 in the morning : none in the pew but myself. 
 
 3d. I do find a great deal more of content in these few 
 days, that I do speed well about my business, than in all the 
 pleasure of a whole, week. I am told that this day the Par- 
 liament hath voted 2s. per annum for every chimney in Eng- 
 land, as a constant revenue for ever to the Crown. 
 
 1 Afterwards Sir Martin Beokman, many of whose plans are in the British 
 Museum. He became chief engineer, and was knighted 20th March, 1685. The 
 Map of Tangier here mentioned is in the Collection of George III. at the British 
 Museum. 
 
 3 Betterton played Romeo, and his wife Juliet. 
 
 3 This reminds me of a story of my father's, when he was of Merton College, 
 and heard Bowen the porter wish that he had 10(U. a-year, to enable him to keep 
 a couple of hunters and a pack of foxhounds. 
 
262 DIARY OF [8th March, 
 
 4th. Sir W. Pen and I and my wife in his coach to Moore 
 Fields, where we walked a great while, though it was no fair 
 weather and cold, and after our walk, we went to Pope's 
 Head, 1 and eat cakes and other fine things. 
 
 5th. To the pewterer's, to buy a poore's box, to put my 
 forfeits in, upon breach of my late vows. To my office, and 
 there sat looking over my papers of my voyage, when we 
 fetched over the King, and tore so many of these that were 
 worth nothing, as filled my closet as high as my knees. 
 
 6th. This night my new camelott riding coate to my 
 coloured cloth suit came home. More news to-day of our 
 losses at Brampton by the late storm. 
 
 7th. Early to White Hall, to the chapel, where by Mr. 
 Blagrave's 2 means I got into his pew, and heard Dr. Creeton, 3 
 the great Scotchman, and chaplain in ordinary to the King, 
 preach before the King, and Duke and Duchess, upon the 
 words of Micah: — "Roule yourself in dust." He made a 
 most learned sermon upon the words : but, in his application, 
 the most comical man that ever I heard in my life. Just 
 such a man as Hugh Peters ; saying that it had been better 
 for the poor Cavalier never to have come with the King into 
 England again ; for he that hath the impudence to deny 
 obedience to the lawful magistrate, and to swear to the oath 
 of allegiance, &c, was better treated now a-days in Newgate, 
 than a poor Royalist, that hath suffered all his life for the 
 King, is at Whitehall among his friends. 
 
 8th. By coach with both Sir Williams to Westminster ; 
 this being a great day there in the House to pass the business 
 for chimney-money, which was done. In the Hall I met 
 with Surgeon Pierce ; and he told me how my Lady Monk 4 
 
 1 In Cornhill, where Pope's Head Alley still exists. See June 20, 1662. 
 
 ' See Dee. 9, 1660, ante; and Sept. 11, 1664, pout. 
 
 3 Dr. Robert Creighton, originally of Trinity College, Oxford; but who after- 
 wards, from 1627 to 1639, was Greek Professor and Public Orator at Cambridge. 
 When Pepys heard him, Creighton was Dean of Wells. In 1670, he was conse- 
 crated Bishop of Bath and Wells. He died in 1672. His son, of the same name, 
 was Greek Professor of Cambridge from 1662 to 1666, and died in 1678. Sir J. 
 Hawkins says that Dr. Creighton (the son) died at Wells in 1736, set. 97. The 
 father and son ha^e been sometimes confounded. 
 
 ' She is called in the State Poems "the Monkey Duchess." The Duke was 
 Master of the Horse to the King. 
 
1602.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 263 
 
 hath disposed of all the places which Mr. Edward Montagu 
 hoped to have had, as he was Master of the Horse to the 
 Queen; which I am afraid will undo him, because he 
 depended much upon the profit of what he should make by 
 these places. He told me also many more scurvy stories of 
 him and his brother Ralph, 1 which troubles me to hear of 
 persons of honour, as they are. Sir W. Pen and I to the 
 office, whither afterward come Sir G. Carteret ; and we sent 
 for Sir Thomas Allen, one of the Aldermen of the City,' 
 about the business of one Colonel Appesly, whom we had 
 taken counterfeiting of bills with all our hands and the officers 
 of the yards, so well that I should never have mistrusted 
 them. We staid about this business at the office till ten 
 at night, and at last did send him with a constable to the 
 Counter, and did give warrants for the seizing of a complice 
 of his, one Blinkinsopp. 
 
 9th. (Lord's day.) Church in the morning : dined at 
 home, then to church again, and heard Mr. Naylor, whom I 
 knew formerly of Keye's College, make a most eloquent 
 sermon. To walk an houre with Sir W. Pen in the garden : 
 then he into supper with me. 
 
 10th. At the office, doing business all the morning. Home 
 and to bed, to-morrow being washing-day. 
 
 12th. This morning we had news from Mr. Coventry, that 
 Sir G-. Downing, 3 like a perfidious rogue, though the action 
 is good and of service to the King,* yet he cannot with a 
 good conscience do it, hath taken Okey, 5 Corbet, and 
 Barkestead at Delfe, in Holland, and sent them home in the 
 Blackmore. Sir W. Pen, talking to me this afternoon of 
 what a strange thing it is for Downing to do this, he told me 
 of a speech he made to the Lords States of Holland, telling 
 them to their faces that he observed that he was not received 
 with the respect and observance now, that he was when he 
 
 * Afterwards Duke of Montagu. 
 
 * See April 12, 1661, ante. 
 
 3 See note at p. 2 of this volume. 
 
 * ["And hail the treason though we hate the traitor."] On the 21st, Charlea 
 returned his formal thanks to the States for their assistance in the matter. 
 
 6 John Okey, Miles Corbet, and John Barkstead, three of the regicides ; exe- 
 cuted April 19th following. 
 
264 DIARY OP [17th March 
 
 came from the traitor and rebell Cromwell-. ' by whom, I am 
 sure, he hath got all he hath in the world, — and they know 
 it too. 
 
 13th. All day busy about business. Having lately followed 
 my business much, I find great pleasure in it, and a growing 
 content. 
 
 14th. Home to dinner. In the afternoon come the 
 German, Dr. Knuffler, to discourse with us about his engine 
 to blow up ships. We doubted not the matter of fact, it 
 being tried in Cromwell's time, but the safety of carrying 
 them in ships ; but he do tell us, that when he comes to tell 
 the King his secret, for none but the Kings, successively, and 
 their heirs must know it, it will appear to be of no danger 
 at all. We concluded nothing ; but shall discourse with the 
 Duke of York to-morrow about it. 
 
 15th. To the Exchange, to hire a ship for the Maderas. 
 Troubled at my maid's being ill. 
 
 16th. (Lord's day.) This morning, till churches were done, 
 I spent going from one church to another, and hearing a bit 
 here and a bit there. Walked to White Hall ; and an houre 
 or two in the Parke, which is now very pleasant. Here the 
 King and Duke come to see their fowle play. The Duke took 
 very civil notice of me. At Tom's, giving him my resolution 
 about my boy's livery. Walking in the garden with Sir W. 
 Pen : his son William is at home, not well. But all things, 
 I fear, do not go well with them — they look discontentedly, 
 but I know not what ails them. 
 
 17th. Last night, the Blackmore pinke brought the three 
 prisoners, Barkestead, Okey, and Corbet, to the Tower, being 
 
 1 The President Henault mentions a similar speech made by Lockhart, in 
 France. " Un Ecossois, nomine" Lockhart, ambassadeur d'Angleterre en Prance, 
 sous Cromwell, dont il avait epouse la ni§ee, et qui le fut aussi depuis, sous 
 Charles II., disoit qu'il n'gtoit pas considere en France, en qualit6 d'ambassadeur 
 du roi, comme il l'avoit 6t6 du terns de Cromwel ; cela devoit 6tre parcequ'il y 
 avoit bien de la difference entre celui qui obligea la France a, prendre Dunkerque 
 pour la lui remettre, et celui qui revendit cette place a la France quand il fut 
 remontS sur le tr6ne." H6nault's pithy remark expresses the truth. Nothing 
 shows the degradation of Charles in a more striking light than this coincidence 
 of opinion in two ambassadors. One might almost suppose, if the thing were 
 possible, that HSnault had seen Pepys's Diary. The first edition of II4nault do*»« 
 not contain this passage. 
 
1682.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 265 
 
 taken at Delfe in Holland ; where, the Captain tells me, the 
 Dutch were a good while before they could be persuaded to 
 let them go, they being taken prisoners in their land. But 
 Sir Gr. Downing would not be answered so, though all the 
 world takes notice of him for a most ungrateful villaine for 
 his pains. 
 
 18th. Sir W. Pen and I on board some of the ships now 
 fitting for East Indys and Portugall, to see in what forwardness 
 they are. 
 
 19th. This noon came a letter from T. Pepys, the turner, 
 in answer to one of mine the other day to him, wherein I 
 did cheque him for not coming to me, as he had promised, 
 with his and his father's resolucion about the difference 
 between us. But he writes to me in the very same slighting 
 terms that I did to him, without the least respect at all, but 
 word for word, as I did him, which argues a high and noble 
 spirit in him, though it troubles me a little that he should 
 make no more of my anger, yet I cannot blame him for 
 doing so, he being the elder brother's son, and not depending 
 upon me at all. 1 
 
 21st. I went to see Sarah and my Lord's lodgings, which 
 are now all in dirt, to be prepared against my Lord's coming 
 from the sea with the Queen. To Westminster Hall ; and 
 there walked up and down, and heard the great difference that 
 hath been between my Lord Chancellor and my Lord of 
 Bristol, about a proviso that my Lord Chancellor would have 
 brought into the Bill for Conformity, that it shall be in the 
 power of the King, when he sees fit, to dispense with the Act 
 of Conformity : and, though it be carried in the House of 
 Lords, yet it is believed it will hardly pass in the Commons.' 
 
 22d. At noon, Sir Williams both and I by water down to 
 "the Lewes," Captain Dekins, his ship, a merchantman, 
 where we met the owners, Sir John Lewes 3 and Alderman 
 Lewes, and several other great merchants : among others, one 
 Jefferys, a merry man, and he and I called brothers, and he 
 made all the mirth in the company. We had a very fine dinner, 
 
 1 This elucidates in some degree the Pepys pedigree. 
 
 3 It passed the House of Lords on the 9th April. 
 
 J He had been knighted at the Hague, and afterwards was created a Baronet. 
 
 Vol. I. — 26 
 
2gg DIARY OF [26th March, 
 
 and all our wives' healths, with seven or nine guns apiece ; 
 and exceeding merry we were, and so home by barge again. 
 
 23d. (Lord's day.) This morning was brought me my 
 boye's fine livery, which is very handsome, and I do think to 
 keep the black and gold lace upon gray, being the colour of 
 my arms, for ever. To White Hall, and there met with 
 Captain Isham, this day come from Lisbone, with letters 
 from the Queen to the King, and he did give me letters 
 which speak that our fleet is all at Lisbone: and that the 
 Queen do not intend to embarque sooner than to-morrow 
 come fortnight. 
 
 24th. Comes La Belle Pierce 1 to see my wife, and to 
 bring her a pair of peruques of hair, as the fashion now is 
 for ladies to wear ; which are pretty, and are of my wife's 
 own hair, or else I should not endure them. After a good 
 while's stay, I went to see if any play was acted, and I found 
 none upon the post, it being Passion Weeke. To West- 
 minster Hall, and there bought Mr. Grant's book of obser- 
 vations upon the weekly bills of mortality, 2 which appears to 
 me, upon first sight, to be very pretty. 
 
 26th. Up early. This being, by God's great blessing, the 
 fourth solemne day of my cutting for the stone this day four 
 years, and am, by God's mercy, in very good health, and like 
 to do well ; the Lord's name be praised for it ! At noon 
 come my good guest Madam Turner, The., and cozen 
 Norton, and a gentleman, one Mr. Lewin, of the King's Life- 
 Guard, by the same token he told us of one of his fellows 
 killed this morning in a duel. I had a pretty dinner for 
 them ; viz., a brace of stewed carps, six roasted chickens, and 
 a jowle of salmon, hot, for the first course; a tanzy, 3 and two 
 neat's tongues, and cheese, the second. Merry all the after- 
 noon, talking, and singing, and piping on the flageolette. We 
 had a man-cook to dress dinner to-day, and sent for Jane to 
 help us. 
 
 1 Wife of Surgeon Pierce. 
 
 "Burnet remarks, Own Time, toI. i., p. 401, edit. 1823, that "Sir William 
 Petty published his Observations on the Bills of Mortality, in the name of ono 
 Grant, a papist." This is confirmed by Evelyn, Diary. March 22, 1675. 
 
 3 A kind of sweet dish made of eggs, cream, &c. t flavoured with the juice of 
 tansy, which is a species of odorous herb. 
 
ieei.] samuel pepts. 267 
 
 27th. We settled to pay "the Guernsey," a small ship 
 that come to a great deal of money, it having been unpaid 
 ever since before the King come in, by which means not only 
 the King's peace wages, while the ship had lain still, but the 
 poor men had been forced to borrow all the money due for 
 their wages before they received it, and that at a dear rate, 
 God knows : so that many of them had very little to receive at 
 the table, which grieved me to see it. To dinner, very merry. 
 
 30th. (Easter day.) Having my old black suit new fur- 
 bished, I was pretty neat in clothes to-day ; and my boy his 
 old suit new trimmed, very handsome. To church in the 
 morning, and so home, leaving the two Sir Williams to take 
 the Sacrament, which I blame myself that I have hitherto 
 neglected all my life, but once or twice at Cambridge. 1 My 
 wife and I to church in the afternoon, and seated ourselves, 
 she below me, and by that means the precedence of the pew, 
 which my Lady Batten and her daughter takes, is con- 
 founded ; and after sermon she and I did stay behind them 
 in the pew, and went out by ourselves, a good while after 
 them, which we judge a very fine project hereafter to avoyd 
 contention ; so my wife and I to walk an houre or two on 
 the leads, which begins to be very pleasant, the garden being 
 in good condition : so to supper, which is also well served in. 
 We had a lobster to supper with a crabb Pegg Pen sent my 
 wife this afternoon, the reason of which we cannot think, but 
 something there is of plot or design in it ; for we have a little 
 while carried ourselves pretty strange to them. 
 
 31st. To Sir Thomas Crewe's lodgings. He hath been 
 ill, and continues so, under fits of apoplexy. Among other 
 things, he and I did discourse much of Mr. Montagu's base 
 doings, and to the dishonour that he will do my Lord, as 
 well as cheating him of two or 3000?., which is too true. 
 Thence to the play, where coming late, and meeting with Sir 
 W. Pen, who had got room for my wife and his daughter in 
 the pit, he and I into one of the boxes, and there we sat and 
 heard "The Little Thiefe," 2 a pretty play, and well done. 
 
 * This is not in exact accordance with the certificate of Dr. Milles, in the 
 Memoirs of Pepys, at the beginning of this volume. 
 By John Fletcher. 
 
2g8 DIARY OP [6th April, 
 
 April 1st. To the Wardrobe, and dined. Here was Mr. 
 Harbord, son to Sir Charles Harbord, that ' lately come with 
 letters from my Lord Sandwich to the King. He and I, 
 and the two young ladies [Montagu] and my wife, to the 
 playhouse — the Opera — and saw " The Mayd in the Mill," 
 a pretty good play ; and that being done, in their coach I 
 took them to Islington, and then, after a walk in the fields, I 
 took them to the great cheese-cake house, and entertained 
 them, and so home ; and after an houre's stay with my Lady, 
 their coach carried us home, and so weary to bed. 
 
 2d. Walked to the Spittle, 1 an houre or two before my 
 Lord Mayor and the blewe-coate boys come, which at last 
 they did, and a fine sight of charity it is, indeed. We got 
 places, and staid to hear a sermon ; but, it being a Presby- 
 terian one, it was so long, that after above an hour of it we 
 went away, and I home, and dined ; and then my wife and 1 
 by water to the Opera, and there saw " The Bondman" most 
 excellently acted; and though we had seen it so often, yet I 
 never liked it better than to-day, Ianthe acting Cleron's part 
 very well, now Roxalana 2 is gone. We are resolved to see 
 no more plays till Whitsuntide, we having been three days 
 together. Met Mr. Sanchy, Smithes, Gale, and Edlin, at 
 the play ; but having no great mind to spend money, I left 
 them there. 
 
 4th. I was much troubled to-day, to see a dead man lie 
 floating upon the waters, and had done (they say) these four 
 days, and nobody takes him up to bury him, which is very 
 barbarous. 
 
 6th. (Lord's day.) By water to White Hall, to Sir G. 
 Carteret, to give him an account of the backwardnesse of the 
 ships we have hired to Portugall ; at which he is much 
 troubled. Thence to the Chapel, and there, though crowded, 
 heard a very honest sermon before the King by a Canon of 
 Christ Church, upon these words, " Having a form of gsdli- 
 nesse, but denying," &c. Among other things, he did much 
 insist upon the sin of adultery : which methought might 
 
 1 Christ's Hospital, where the 'Spital Sermons are still preached annually, on 
 Easter Monday and Tuesday. 
 " See 20th May, 1662, post. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 269 
 
 touch the King, a,nd the more because he forced it into his 
 sermon, besides his text. So up and saw the King at dinner ; 
 and thence with Sir G. Carteret to his lodgings to dinner, 
 with him and his lady. All their discourse, which was very 
 much, was upon their sufferings and services for the King. 
 Yet not without some trouble, to see that some, that had been 
 much bound to them, do now neglect them ; and others again 
 most civil that have received least from them: and I do 
 believe that he hath been a good servant to the King. 
 Thence to the Parke, where the King and Duke did walk. 
 
 7th. By water to White Hall, and thence to Westminster, 
 and staid at the Parliament-door long to speak with Mr. 
 Coventry, which vexed me. Thence to the Lords' House, and 
 stood within the House, while the Bishops and Lords did stay 
 till the Chancellor's coming, and then we were put out ; and 
 they to prayers. There cornea a Bishop ; and while he was 
 rigging himself, he bid his man listen at the door, whereabout 
 in the prayers they were ; but the man told him something, 
 but could not tell whereabouts it was in the prayers, nor the 
 Bishop, neither, but laughed at the conceit ; so went in : but, 
 God forgive me ! I did tell it by and by to people, and did say 
 that the man said that they were about something of saving 
 their souls, but could not tell whereabouts in the prayers that 
 was. I sent in a note to my Lord Privy Seale, 1 and he come 
 out to me ; and I desired he would make another deputy for 
 me, because of my great business of the Navy this month : 
 but he told me he could not do it without the King's consent, 
 which vexed me. The great talk is, that the Spaniards and 
 the Hollanders do intend to set upon the Portuguese by sea, 
 at Lisbone, as soon as our fleet is come away ; and by that 
 means our fleet is not likely to come yet these two or three 
 months ; which I hope is not true. 
 
 9th. Sir George 3 showed me an account in French of the 
 great famine, which is to the greatest extremity in' some part 
 of France at this day ; which is very strange. 3 
 
 * Lord Say and Sele, who died seven days afterwards. 3 Carteret. 
 
 a On the 5th of June following, Lonis, notwithstanding the scarcity, gave that 
 splendid carousal in the court before the Tuileries, from which the place has ever 
 since taken its name. 
 
 26* V 
 
270 DIARY OP [13th April, 
 
 10th. Yesterday come Colonel Talbot 1 with letters from 
 Portugal!, that the Queen is resolved to embarque for Eng- 
 land this week. Thence to the office all the afternoon. My 
 Lord Windsor 2 comes to us to discourse of his affairs, and to 
 take his leave of us ; he being to go Governor of Jamaica with 
 this fleet that is now going. 
 
 11th. With Sir W. Pen by water to Deptford ; and among 
 the ships now going to Portugall with men and horse, to see 
 them dispatched. So to Greenwich ; and had a fine pleasant 
 walk to Woolwich, having in our company Captain Minnes, 
 whom I was much pleased to hear talk. Among other things, 
 he and the Captains that were with us tell me that negros 
 drowned look white, and loose their blackness, which I never 
 heard before. 3 At Woolwich, up and down to do the same 
 business ; and so back to Greenwich by water. Sir William 
 and I walked into the Parke, where the King hath planted 
 trees and made steps in the hill up to the Castle, which is 
 very magnificent. So up and down the house, which is now 
 repayring in the Queen's lodgings. 
 
 13th. (Lord's day.) In the morning to Paul's, where 1 
 heard a pretty good sermon, and thence to dinner with my 
 Lady at the Wardrobe ; and after much talk with her, I went 
 to the Temple Church, and there heard another : by the same 
 tokens, a boy being asleep, fell down a high seat to the ground, 
 ready to break his neck, but got no hurt. Thence to Graye's 
 Inn Walkes ; and there met Mr. [Edward] Pickering. His 
 discourse most about the pride of the Duchess of York ; and 
 
 1 Richard Talbot, who figures conspicuously in Grammont's Memoires. He 
 married, first, Catherine Boynton, and secondly, Frances Jennings, eldest sister of 
 Sarah Duchess of Marlborough. Talbot was created Earl of Tyrconnel by James 
 II., and made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and elevated by him to the Dukedom 
 of Tyrconnel after his abdication. 
 
 3 Thomas Windsor, Baron Windsor, Lord Lieutenant of Worcestershire ; ad- 
 vanced to the Earldom of Plymouth, 1682. Ob. 1687. 
 
 3 In the Ethiopian, the black colour does not reside in the cutis, or true skin, 
 but in a texture superficial to, and between it and the cuticle. This texture, the 
 rete mueeorum, in which the dark pigment is situate, may be readily dissected off, 
 along with the cuticle, from the true skin, which is then exposed, and is of a 
 whitish colour. When the body of a negro has long been immersed in water, such 
 a dissection is, as it were, performed by the putrefactive process ; and the surface 
 of the body being thus deprived of its two outer investments, does really look 
 vhite. — Ex inform. Alexander Melville M'Whinnick, F.R.C.P. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 271 
 
 how all the ladies envy my Lord Castlemaine. He intends to 
 go to Portsmouth to meet the Queen this week; which is 
 now the discourse and expectation of the towne. 
 
 15th. "With my wife, by coach, to the New Exchange, 1 to 
 buy her some things ; where we saw some new-fashioned 
 pettycoats of sarcanett, with a black broad lace printed round 
 the bottom and before, very handsome, and my wife had a 
 mind to one of them. 
 
 17th. To Mr. Holliard's in the morning, thinking to be let 
 blood, but he was gone out. Sir W. Batten sent for me to 
 tell me that he had this day spoke to the Duke about raising 
 our horses, and he hath given us leave to do it ; at which, 
 being glad, I went home merry. 
 
 18th. Sir Gr. Carteret, Sir W. Batten, and I, met at the 
 office, and did conclude of our going to Portsmouth next week, 
 in which my mind is at a great loss what to do with my wife ; 
 for I cannot persuade her to go to Brampton ; and I am loth 
 to leave her at home. 
 
 19th. This morning, before we sat, I went to Aldgate ; and 
 at the corner shop, a draper's, 2 1 stood, and did see Barkstead, 
 Okey, and Corbet, drawne towards the gallows at Tiburne ; 
 and there they were hanged and quartered. They all looked 
 very cheerful ; but I hear they all die defending what they did 
 to the King to be just, which is very strange. In the evening 
 did get a bever, an old one, but a very good one, of Sir W. 
 Batten, for which I must give him something ; but I am very 
 well pleased with it. 
 
 20th. (Lord's day.) My intention being to go this morning 
 to White Hall to hear South, 3 my Lord Chancellor's chaplain, 
 
 1 In the Strand ; built, under the auspices of James I., in 1608, out of the stables 
 of Durham House, the site of the present Adelphi. The New Exchange stood 
 where Coutts's banking-house now is. "It was built somewhat on the model of 
 the Royal Exchange, with cellars beneath, a walk above, and rows of shops over 
 that, filled chiefly with milliners, sempstresses, and the like." 
 
 a Now actually Moses and Son's. 
 
 3 This was the learned Robert South, then public orator at Oxford, and after- 
 wards D.D., and prebendary of Westminster, and canon of Christchurch. The 
 story, as copied from a contemporary tract, called Annus Mirabilis Secundum, is 
 given with full details in Wood's Athena, and Kennett's Register. It is by no 
 means devmd of interest; but, having been so often printed, need not be h«r« 
 
272 DIARY OF [23d April, 
 
 the famous preacher and oratour of Oxford, who the last 
 Lord's-day did sink down in the pulpit before the King, and 
 could not proceed ; it did rain, and the wind against me, that 
 1 could by no means get a boat or coach to carry me ; and so 
 I staid at Paul's, where the Judges did all meet, and heard a 
 sermon, it being the first Sunday of the terme ; but they had 
 a very poor sermon. 
 
 21st. At noon dined with my Lord Crewe ; and after dinner 
 went up to Sir Thomas Crewe's chamber, who is still ill. He 
 tells me how my Lady Duchess of Richmond 1 and Castle- 
 maine had a falling out the other day ; and she calls the latter 
 Jane Shore, and did hope to see her come to the same end. 
 Coming down again to my Lord, he told me that news was 
 come that the Queen is landed ; at which I took leave, and by 
 coach hurried to White Hall, the bells ringing in several 
 places ; but I found there no such matter, nor anything 
 like it. 
 
 22d. After taking leave of my wife, which we could hardly 
 do kindly, because of her mind to go along with me, Sir W. 
 Pen and I took coach, and so over the bridge to Lambeth ; 
 W. Bodham and Tom Hewet going as clerkes to Sir W. Pen, 
 and my Will for me. Here we got a dish of buttered eggs, 
 and there staid till Sir G. Carteret come to us from White 
 Hall, who brought Dr. Clerke with him, at which I was very 
 glad, and so we set out. We come to Gilford, and there 
 passed our time in the garden, cutting up sparagus for supper 
 — the best that ever I eat in my life but in the house last year. 
 Supped well, and the Doctor and I to bed together, calling 
 cozens, from his name and my office. 2 
 
 23d. Up early, and to Petersfield ; and thence got a coun- 
 tryman to guide us by Havant, to avoid going through the 
 Forest ; but he carried us much out of the way. Upon our 
 
 repeated. We may observe, however, that South had experienced a similar qualm 
 whilst preaching at Oxford a few months before; but these seizures produced do 
 bad consequences, as he lived to be eighty-three. 
 
 ' Mary, daughter to George Villiers, first Duke of Buckingham, wife of James, 
 fourth Duke of Lennox, and third Duke of Richmond, who left her a widow 
 secondly in 1655. She had previously married Charles Lord Herbert; and shfl 
 took for her third husband, Thomas Howard, brother of the Earl of Carlisle, wh» 
 fought the duel with Jermyn. See August 19, post. 
 
 * Clerk of the Acts. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 273 
 
 coming, we sent away an express to Sir W. Batten, to stop 
 his coming, which I did project to make good my oath, that 
 my wife should come, if any of our wives come, which my 
 Lady Batten. did intend to do with her husband. The Doctor 
 and I lay together at Wiard's, the chyrurgeon's, in Portsmouth ; 
 his wife a very pretty woman. We lay very well, and merrily ; 
 in the morning, concluding him to be of the eldest blood and 
 house of the Clerkes, because that all the fleas come to him, 
 and not to me. 
 
 24th. Up and to Sir George Carteret's lodgings, at Mrs. 
 Stephens's, where we keep our table all the time we are here. 
 Thence, all of us to the Pay-house ; but the books not being 
 ready, we went to church to the lecture, where there was my 
 Lord Ormond 1 and Manchester 2 and much London company, 
 though not so much as I expected. Here we had a very good 
 sermon upon this text : " In love serving one another ;" which 
 pleased me very well. No news of the Queen at all. So to 
 dinner ; and then to the Pay all the afternoon. Then W. Pen 
 and I walked to the King's Yard, and there lay at Mr. 
 Tippets's, 3 where exceeding well treated. 
 
 25th. All the morning at Portsmouth, at the Pay, and then 
 to dinner, and again to the Pay ; and at night got the Doctor 
 to go lie with me, and much pleased with his company ; but 
 I was much troubled in my eyes, by reason of the healths I 
 have this day been forced to drink. 
 
 26th. Sir George 4 and I, and his clerk, Mr. Stephens, and 
 Mr. Holt, our guide, over to Gosport; and so rode to 
 Southampton. In our way, besides my Lord Southampton's 5 
 
 1 The Duke of Ormond, as Lord High Steward. 
 
 3 As Lord Chamberlain. 
 
 3 Afterwards knighted as Sir John Tippets. 
 
 • Carteret, who was M.P. for Portsmouth, and Vice-Chamberlain to the Eing. 
 
 ' Titehfleld House, erected by Sir Thomas Wriothesley, on the site of an Abbey 
 of Premonstratenses, granted to him with their estates, 29th Henry VIII. Upon 
 tho death of his descendant, Thomas Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, the Lord 
 Treasurer, without male issue, the house and manor were .allotted to his eldest 
 daughter, Elizabeth, wife of Edmund Noel, first Earl of Gainsborough ; and their 
 only son dying s. p. m., the property devolved to his sister Elizabeth, married to 
 Henry Bentinck, first Duke of Portland, whose grandson, the third Duke, 
 alienated it to Mr. Delme. The Duke's second title is taken from this place. 
 
274 DIAKT OF [28th April, 
 
 parks and lands, -which in one viewe we could see 6000?. per 
 annum, we observed a little churchyard, where the graves are 
 accustomed to be all sowed with sage. At Southampton, we 
 went to the Mayor's, and there dined, and had sturgeon of 
 their own catching the last week, which do not happen in 
 twenty year3, and it was well ordered. They brought also 
 some caveare, which I attempted to order, but all to no pur- 
 pose, for they had neither given it salt enough, nor are the 
 seedes of the roe broke, but are all in berryes. The town is 
 one most gallant street, and is walled round with stone, &c, 
 and Bevis's picture upon one of the gates ; many old walls 
 of religious houses, and the keye, well worth seeing. After 
 dinner, to horse again, being in nothing troubled but the 
 badness of my hat, which I borrowed to save my beaver. 
 
 27th. (Sunday.) Sir W. Pen got trimmed before me, and 
 so took the coach to Portsmouth, to wait on my Lord Steward 
 [Ormond] to church, and sent the coach for me back again : 
 so I rode to church, and met my Lord Chamberlaine [Man- 
 chester] upon the walls of the garrison, who owned and 
 spoke to me. I followed him in the crowde of gallants 
 through the Queen's lodgings to chapel ; the rooms being all 
 rarely furnished, and escaped hardly being set on fire yester- 
 day. At chapel we had a most excellent and eloquent sermon. 
 By coach to the Yard, and then on board the Swallow in the 
 dock, where our navy chaplain preached a sad sermon, full of 
 nonsense and false Latin ; but prayed for the Right Honour- 
 able the principall officers. Visited the Mayor, Mr. Timbrell, 
 our anchor-smith, who showed us the present they have for 
 the Queen ; which is a salt-sellar of silver, the walls christall, 
 with four eagles and four greyhounds standing up at the top 
 to bear up a dish ; which indeed is one of the neatest pieces 
 of plate that ever I saw, and the case is very pretty, also. 
 This evening come a merchantman in the harbour, which we 
 hired at London to carry horses to Portugall ; but, Lord ! 
 what running there was to the seaside, to hear what news, 
 thinking it had come from the Queen. 
 
 28th. The Doctor and I begun philosophy discourse ex- 
 ceeding pleasant. He offers to bring me into the college of 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 275 
 
 virtuosoes, 1 and my Lord Brouncker's acquaintance, and show 
 me some anatomy, which makes me very glad ; and I shall 
 endeavour it, when I come to London. Sir W. Pen much 
 troubled upon letters come last night. Showed me one of 
 Dr. Owen's 2 to his son, whereby it appears his son is much 
 perverted in his opinion by him ; which I now perceive is 
 one thing that hath put Sir William so long off the hookes. 
 
 30th. After dinner comes Mr. Stephenson, one of the 
 burgesses of the towne, to tell me that the Mayor and 
 burgesses did desire my acceptance of a burgessrship, and 
 were ready at the Mayor's to make me one. So I went, 
 and there they were all ready, and did with much civility give 
 me my oath, and after the oath, did by custom shake me all 
 by the hand : so I took them to a tavern, and made them 
 drink, and paying the reckoning, went away. It eost me a 
 piece in gold to the Town Clerke, and 10s. to the Bayliffes, 
 and spent 5s. 
 
 May 1st. Sir G. Carteret, Sir W. Pen, and myself, with 
 our clerks, set out this morning from Portsmouth very early, 
 and got by noon to Petersfield ; several officers of the Yard 
 accompanying us so far. At dinner comes my Lord Carling- 
 ford 3 from London, going to Portsmouth: tells us that the 
 Duchess of York is brought to bed of a girle, 4 at which I 
 find nobody pleased ; and that Prince Rupert and the Duke 
 of Buckingham are sworne of the Privy Councell. 
 
 2d. To Dr. Clerke's lady, and give her her letter and 
 token. She is a very fine woman ; and what with her person, 
 and the number of fine ladies that were with her, I was much 
 out of countenance, and could hardly carry myself like a man 
 among them ; but, however, I staid till my courage was up 
 again, and talked to them, and viewed his house, which is 
 most pleasant, and so drank and good night. 
 
 1 The Royal Society. 
 
 3 John Owen, D.D., a learned Nonconformist divine, and a voluminous theo- 
 logical writer, made Dean of Christ Church in 1653, by the Parliament, and 
 ejected in 1659-60. He died at Ealing, in 1683. 
 
 3 Theobald Taafe, second Viscount Taafe, created Earl of Carlingford, in Ire- 
 land, 1661-2. 
 
 4 Mary, afterwards Queen of England. 
 
276 D I A E Y OF [7th May 
 
 3d. To the Duke's chamber, who had been a-tunting this 
 morning, and is come back again. To dinner to my Lady 
 Sandwich ; and Sir Thomas Crewe's children coming thither, 
 I took them and all my Ladys to the Tower, and showed 
 them the lions, and all that was to be shown ; Sir Thomas 
 Crewe's children being as pretty, and the best behaved that 
 ever I saw of their age. Thence, at the goldsmith's, took my 
 picture in little, which is now done, home with me, and 
 pleases me exceedingly, and my wife. 
 
 4th. (Lord's day.) Mr. Bolliard come to me, and let me blood, 
 about sixteen ounces, I being exceeding full of blood, and very 
 good. I begun to be sick ; but, lying upon my back, I was pre- 
 sently well again, and did give him 5s. for his pains. After 
 dinner, my arm tied up with a black ribbon, I walked with my 
 wife to my brother Tom's ; our boy waiting on us with his sword, 1 
 which this day he begins to wear, to outdo Sir W. Pen's boy, 
 who this. day, and Sir W. Batten's, do begin to wear new 
 liverys ; but I do take mine to be the neatest of them all. 
 I led my wife to Mrs. Turner's pew, the church being full, 
 it being to hear a Doctor who is to preach a probacon sermon. 
 When church was done, my wife and I walked to Graye's 
 Inne, to observe fashions of the ladies, because of my wife's 
 making some clothes. 
 
 5th. My arme not being well, my wife to buy some things 
 for herself, and a gowne for me to dress myself in. 
 
 6th. Got my seat set up on the leads, which pleases me 
 well. 
 
 7th. Walked to Westminster ; where I understand the 
 news that Mr. Montagu is last night come to the King with 
 news, that he left the Queen and fleete in the Bay of Biscay, 
 coming this wayward ; and that he believes she is now at the 
 Isle of Scilly. Thence to Paul's Church Yard ; where, 
 seeing my Ladys Sandwich and Carteret, and my wife, who 
 this day made a visit the first time to my Lady Carteret, 2 
 come by coach, and going to Hide Parke, I was resolved to 
 
 ' See 7th Deo. 1661, ante. 
 
 3 Elizabeth, who married her cousin, Sir George Carteret, was the daughter o- 
 Sir Philip Carteret. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 277 
 
 follow them ; and so went to Mrs. Turner's : and -thence at 
 the Theatre, where I saw the last act of the " Knight of the 
 Burning Pestle," 1 which pleased me not at all. And so 
 after the play done, she and The. Turner and Mrs. Lucin, 2 
 and I, in her coach to the Parke ; and there found them out, 
 and spoke to them ; and observed many fine ladies, and staid 
 till all were gone almost. 
 
 8th. Sir G. Carteret told me, that the Queen and the 
 fleet were in Mount's Bay on Monday last; and that the 
 Queen endures her sickness pretty well. He also told me 
 how Sir John Lawson hath done some execution upon the 
 Turkes in the Streights, of which I was glad, and told the 
 news the first on the Exchange, and was much followed by 
 merchants to tell it. Sir G. Carteret, among other discourse, 
 tells me that it is Mr. Coventry that is to come to us as a 
 Commissioner of the Navy ; at which he is much vexed, and 
 cries out upon Sir W. Pen, and threatens him highly. And 
 looking upon his lodgings, which are now enlarging, he in a 
 passion cried, " Guarda mi spada ; 3 for, by God, I may 
 chance to keep him in Ireland, when he is there !" for Sir 
 W. Pen is going thither with my Lord Lieutenant. But it 
 is my design to keep much in with Sir George ; and I think 
 I have begun very well towards it. 
 
 9th. To Mr. de Cretz, and there saw some good pieces 
 that he hath copyed of the King's pieces — some of Raphael 
 and Michsell Angelo ; and I have borrowed an Elizabeth of 
 his copying to hang up in my bouse. With Mr. Salisbury, 
 who I met there, into Covent Garden, to an alehouse, to see 
 a picture that hangs there, which is offered for 20s., and I 
 offered fourteen, but it is worth much more money, but did 
 not buy it, I having no mind to break my oath. Thence to 
 see an Italian puppet play, that is within the rayles there — 
 ihe best that ever I saw, and great resort of gallants. The 
 Duke of York went last night to Portsmouth ; so that I be- 
 lieve the Queen is near. 
 
 10th. At noon to the Wardrobe ; there dined. My Lady 
 
 * A comedy, by Beaumont and Fletcher. 
 
 3 Query, Lukyn. ' Sic, orig. 
 
 Vol- I.— 27 
 
278 D I A R Y F [15th May, 
 
 told me how my Lady Castlemaine do speak of going to lie 
 in at Hampton Court ; which she and all our ladies are much 
 troubled at, because of the King's being forced to show her 
 countenance in the sight of the Queen when she comes. In 
 the evening, Sir G. Carteret and I did hire a ship for Tangier, 
 and other things together ; and I find that he do single me 
 out to join with me apart from the rest, which I am much 
 glad of. 
 
 11th. (Lord's day.) To our church in the morning. In the 
 afternoon to White Hall ; and there walked an houre or two 
 in the Parke, where I saw the King, now out of mourning, 1 
 in a suit laced with gold and silver, which, it is said, was out 
 of fashion. Thence to the Wardrobe ; and there consulted 
 with the ladies about our going to Hampton Court to-morrow. 
 
 12th. Mr. Townsend called us up by four o'clock ; and by 
 five the three ladies, my wife and I, and Mr. Townsend, his 
 son and daughter, were got to the barge and set out. We 
 walked from Mortlake to Richmond, and so to boat again. 
 And from Teddington to Hampton Court Mr. Townsend and 
 I walked again. And then met the ladies, and were showed 
 the whole house by Mr. Marriot ; 2 which is indeed nobly fur- 
 nished, particularly the Queen's bed, given her by the States 
 of Holland ; a looking-glasse sent by the Queen-mother from 
 France, hanging in the Queen's chamber, and many brave 
 pictures. And so to barge again ; and got home about eight 
 at night very well. Took leave of my ladies, and home by a 
 hackney-coach, the easiest that ever I met with. 
 
 14th. Dined at the Wardrobe ; and after dinner, sat talking 
 an hour or two alone with my Lady. She is afraid that my 
 Lady Castlemaine will keep in still with the King. To my 
 brother's, and finding him in a lie about the lining of my new 
 morning gowne, saying that it was the same with the outside, 
 I was very angry with him, and parted so. 
 
 15th. To Westminster ; and at the Privy Seale I saw Mr. 
 Coventry's seal for his being Commissioner with us, at which 
 I know not yet whether to be glad or otherwise. At night, 
 
 1 For his aunt, the Queen of Bohemia. 
 3 The Housekeeper. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 279 
 
 all the bells of the towne rung, and bonfires were made for 
 the joy of the Queen's arrival, who landed at Portsmouth last 
 night. 1 But I do not see much true joy, but only an indif- 
 ferent one, in the hearts of people, who are much discon- 
 tented at the pride and luxury of the Court, and running in 
 debt. 
 
 17th. To the Wardrobe to dinner, where dined Mrs. San- 
 derson, 2 the mother of the mayds. After dinner, my Lady 
 and she and I on foot to Pater Noster Rowe, to buy a petti- 
 coat against the Queen's coming for my Lady, of plain satin, 
 and other things ; and, being come back again, we there met 
 Mr. Nathaniel Crewe at the Wardrobe, with a young gentle- 
 man, a friend and fellow-student of his, and of a good family, 
 Mr. Knightly, and known to the Crewes, of whom my Lady 
 privately told me she hath some thoughts of a match for my 
 Lady Jemimah. I like the person very well, and he hath 
 2000L per annum. I walked to my brother Tom's to see a 
 velvet cloake, which I buy of Mr. Moore. It will cost me 81. 
 10s. ; he bought it for 61. 10s. ; but it is worth my money. 
 
 18th. (Whitsunday.) By water to White Hall, and there 
 to chapel in my pew, belonging to me as Clerke of the Privy 
 Seale ; and there I heard a most excellent sermon of Dr. 
 Hacket, 3 Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, upon these words : 
 " He that drinketh this water shall never thirst." We had 
 an excellent anthem, sung by Captain Cooke and another, and 
 brave musique. And then the King come down and offered, 
 and took the sacrament upon his knees ; a sight very well 
 worth seeing. After dinner to chapel again ; and there had 
 another good anthem of Captain Cooke's. Thence to the 
 Councell-chamber ; where the King and Councell sat till 
 almost eleven o'clock at night, and I forced to walk up and 
 down the gallerys till that time of night. They were reading all 
 the bills over that are to pass to-morrow at the House, before 
 the King's going out of towne and proroguing the House. 4 At 
 
 1 Rugge, in his Diurnal, tells us that the Queen attired herself in the English 
 fashion soon after she landed. 
 a See May 10, 1660, ante. 
 
 ' John Hacket, elected Bishop of that See, 1661. Ob. 1670. 
 4 To ears accustomed to the official words of speeches from the thrr ne at tht 
 
280 DIARY OP [21etMay, 
 
 last, the Councell risen, Sir G. Carteret told me what the 
 Councell hath ordered aboui the ships designed to carry horse 
 from Ireland to Portugall, which is now altered. 
 
 19th. Up, and put on my riding-cloth suit and a camelott 
 coat new, which pleases me well enough — the shops being hut 
 some shut and some open. I hear that the House of Com- 
 mons do think much that they should be forced to huddle over 
 business this morning against afternoon, for the King to pass 
 their Acts, that he may go out of towne. But he, I hear 
 since, was forced to stay till almost nine o'clock at night be- 
 fore he could have done, and then prorogued them : and so to 
 Gilford, and lay there. My wife walking and singing upon 
 the leades till very late, it being pleasant and moonshine, and 
 so to bed. 
 
 20th. Sir W. Pen and I did a little business at the office, 
 and so home again. Then comes Dean Fuller ; and I am most 
 pleased with his company and goodness. My wife and I by 
 coach to the Opera, and there saw the 2nd part of " The 
 Siege of Rhodes," but it is not so well done as when Roxa- 
 lana 1 was there, who, it is said, is now owned by my Lord of 
 Oxford. 
 
 21st. My wife and I to my Lord's lodging ; where she and 
 I staid walking in White Hall Garden. And in the Privy- 
 garden saw the finest smocks and linnen petticoats of my Lady 
 Castlemaine's, laced with rich lace at the bottom, that ever I 
 saw ; and did me good to look at them. Sarah 2 told me how 
 
 present day, the familiar tone of the following extracts from Charles's speech to 
 the Commons, on the 1st of March, will be amusing: — "I will conclude with 
 putting you in mind of the season of the year, and the convenience of your being 
 in the country, in many respects, for the good and welfare of it; for you will find 
 much tares have been sowed there in your absence. The arrival of my wife, who 
 I expect some time this month, and the necessity of my own being out of town to 
 meet her, and to stay some time before she comes hither, makes it very necessary 
 that the Parliament be adjourned before Easter, to meet again in the winter. . . . 
 The mention of my wife's arrival puts me in mind to desire you to put that com- 
 pliment upon her, that her entrance into the town may be with more decency than 
 the ways will now suffer it to be ; and, to that purpose, I pray you would quickly 
 pass such laws as are before you, in order to the amending those ways, and that 
 she may not find Whitehall surrounded with water." Such a bill passed th« 
 Commons on the 24th June. — From Charles's Speech, 1st March, 1662. 
 
 ' See Feb. 18th, 1661-2, and note. 
 
 * Lord Sandwich's housekeeper. 
 
1662.J SAMUEL PEPYS. 281 
 
 the King dined at my Lady Castlemaine's, and supped, every 
 day and night the last week ; and that the night that the bon- 
 fires were made for joy of the Queen's arrival!, the King was 
 there ; but there was no fire at her door, though at all the 
 rest of the doors almost in the street; which was much 
 observed : and that the King and she did send for a pair of 
 scales and weighed one another ; and she, being with child, 1 
 was said to be heaviest. But she is now a most disconsolate 
 creature, and comes not out of doors, since the King's going. 
 But we went to the Theatre, to the French Dancing Mistress, 2 
 and there with much pleasure we saw and gazed upon Lady 
 Castlemaine ; but it troubles us to see her look dejectedly, and 
 slighted by people already. The play pleased us very well ; 
 but Lacy's part, the Dancing mistress, the best in the world. 3 
 22d. This morning comes an order from the Secretary of 
 State, Nicholas, for me to let one Mr. Lee, a Councellor, view 
 what papers I have relating to passages of the late times, 
 wherein Sir H. Vane's hand is employed, in order to the 
 drawing up his charge ; which I did. At noon, he, with Sir 
 W. Pen and his daughter, dined with me, and he to his work 
 again, and we by coach to the Theatre, and saw " Love in a 
 Maze." 4 The play hath little in it, but Lacy's part of a 
 country-fellow, which he did to admiration. This night we 
 had each of us a letter from Captain Teddiman from the 
 Streights, of a peace made upon good terms, by Sir J. Lawson, 
 with the Algiers men, 5 which is most excellent news. He hath 
 
 1 The Duke of Southampton, Lady Castlemaine's son by the King, was horn in 
 May, 1662. 
 
 3 Pepys should have written " The French Dancing Master," acted by Killi- 
 grew's company, 11th March, 1661-2. See Sir Henry Herbert's Register of 
 Plays performed at the Restoration, in Malone's Shakespeare, by Boswell, vol. iii., 
 p. 275. 
 
 * No wonder that Lacy performed his part so well, as he had been brought up a 
 dancing master. He afterwards procured a Lieutenant's commission in the army, 
 which he soon quitted for the stage, and was the author of four plays. Ob. 1681, 
 aad buried in the churchyard of St. Martiu-in-the- Fields. 
 
 4 "Love in a Maze" is the second title of Shirley's play of "The Changes." 
 
 ! The articles of peace between Charles II. and Algiers, concluded 50th Aug. 
 1664, by Admiral Thomas Allen, according to instructions from th 1 * Duke of 
 York, being the same articles concluded "by Sir John Lawson, 23rd Atril, 1662, 
 and confirmed 10th November following. They are reprinted in Somers's Tracts, 
 Tol. vii., p. 554, Sir W. Scott's edition. 
 
 27* 
 
282 DIARY OF [24th May 
 
 also sent each of us some anchovies, olives, and muscatt ; but 
 I know not yet -what that is, and am ashamed to ask. After 
 supper, home and to bed, resolving to make up this week ir 
 seeing plays and pleasure, and so full of business next week 
 again for a great while. 
 
 23d. To the Wardrobe, reading of the King's and Chan- 
 cellor's late speeches at the proroguing of the Houses of Par- 
 liament. And while I was reading, news was brought me that 
 my Lord Sandwich is come, and gone up to my Lady's 
 chamber ; which by and by he did, and looks very well. He 
 very merry, and hath left the King and Queen at Portsmouth, 
 and is come up to stay here till next Wednesday, and then to 
 meet the King and Queen at Hampton Court. So to dinner ; 
 and my Lord mighty merry ; among other things, saying that 
 the Queen is a very agreeable lady, and paints well. After 
 dinner, I showed him my letter from Teddiman about the news 
 from Algiers, which pleases him exceedingly ; and he writ one 
 to the Duke of York about it, and sent it express. 1 There 
 coming much company after dinner to my Lord, my wife and 
 I slunk away to the Opera, where we saw "Witt in a Con- 
 stable," 2 the first time that it is acted ; but so silly a play I 
 never saw I think in my life. After it was done, my wife and 
 I to the puppet play in Covent Garden, which I saw the other 
 day, and indeed it is very pleasant. Here, among the fiddlers, 
 I first saw a dulcimere 3 played on with sticks knocking of the 
 strings, and is very pretty. 
 
 24th. To the Wardrobe, and there again spoke with my 
 Lord, and saw W. Howe, who is grown a very pretty, and is 
 a sober fellow. Abroad with Mr. Creed, of whom I in- 
 formed myself of all I had a mind to know. Among other 
 things, the great difficulty my Lord hath been in all this 
 summer, for lack of good and full orders from the King : and 
 
 1 "I came to the Wardrobe in London to my family, where I met a letter from 
 Captain Teddiman to Mr. Samuel Pepys, showing the news of Sir John Lawson'i 
 having made peace with Algiers, they agreeing not to search our ships." — Lord 
 Sandwich's Journal, 23d May. 
 
 a A comedy, by Henry Glapthorne. 
 
 3 For a description of the different musical instruments mentioned by Pepys, Bee 
 Burney's and Hawkins's Histories of Music. 
 
1682.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 283 
 
 I doubt our Lords of the Councell do not mind things as the 
 late powers did, but their pleasure or profit more. That the 
 Juego de Toros 1 is a simple sport, yet the greatest in Spaine. 
 That the Queen hath given no rewards to any of the captains 
 or officers, but only to my Lord Sandwich ; and that was a 
 bag of gold, which was no honourable present, of about 1400Z. 
 sterling. How recluse the Queen hath ever been, and all the 
 voyage never come upon the deck, nor put her head out of her 
 cabin ; but did love my Lord's musique, and would send for 
 it down to the state-room, and she sit in her cabin within 
 hearing of it. But my Lord was forced to have some clash- 
 ing with the Council of Portugall about payment of the por- 
 tion, before he could get it ; which was, besides Tangier and 
 a free trade in the Indys, two millions of crownes, half now, 
 and the other half in twelve months. But they have brought 
 but little money ; but the rest in sugars and other commo- 
 ditys, and bills of exchange. That the King of Portugall is 
 a very foole almost, and his mother do all, and he is a very 
 poor Prince. 
 
 25th. (Lord's day.) To trimming myself, which I have this 
 week done every morning, with a pumice stone, which I learnt 
 of Mr. March, when I was last at Portsmouth; and I find it 
 very easy, speedy, and cleanly, and shall continue the practice 
 of it. To church, and heard a good sermon of Mr. Wood- 
 cocke's at our church ; only in his latter prayer for a woman 
 in childbed, he prayed that God would deliver her from the 
 hereditary curse of childe-bearing, which seemed a pretty 
 strange expression. Looked into many churches — among 
 others, Mr. Baxter's, at Blackfryers. Out with Captain 
 Ferrers to Charing Cross ; and there at the Triumph taverne 
 he showed me some Portugall ladys, which are come to towne 
 before the Queen. They are not handsome and their far- 
 thingales a strange dress. Many ladies and persons of qua- 
 lity come to see them. I find nothing in them that is pleas- 
 ing ; and I see they have learnt to kiss and look freely up 
 and down already, and I do believe will soon forget the recluse 
 
 1 See 7th Not., 1661, ante. 
 
284 DIARY OF [29th May, 
 
 practice of their own country. They complain much for lack 
 of good water to drink. The King's guards and some City 
 companies do walke up and downe the towue these five or six 
 days ; which makes me think, and they do say, there are 
 some plots in laying. 
 
 26th. Up at four o'clock in the morning, and fell to the 
 preparing of some accounts for my Lord of Sandwich. By 
 and by, by appointment, comes Mr. Moore, and, by what 
 appears to us at present, we found that my Lord is above 
 7000L in debt, and that he hath money coming into him that 
 will clear all, so we think him clear, but very little money in 
 his purse. So to my Lord's, and, after he was ready, we 
 spent an hour with him, giving him an account thereof; and 
 he having some 6000?. in his hands, remaining of the King's, 
 he is resolved to make use of that, and get off of it as well as 
 he can ; to the Trinity House ; where the Brethren have 
 been at Deptford choosing a new Master ; which is Sir J. 
 Minnes, notwithstanding Sir W. Batten did contend highly 
 for it ; at which I am not a little pleased, because of his proud 
 lady. I seated myself close by Mr. Prin, who in discourse 
 with me, fell upon what records he hath of the lust and wicked 
 lives of the nuns heretofore in England, and showed me out 
 of his pocket one wherein thirty nuns, for their lust, were 
 ejected of their house, being not fit to live there, and, by the 
 Pope's command, to be put for ever into other nunnerys. To 
 the Redd Bull, 1 where we saw "Dr. Faustus," 2 but so 
 wretchedly and poorly done, that we were sick of it. Home- 
 wards by coach, through Moorefields, where we stood awhile, 
 and saw the wrestling. 
 
 29th. At home all the morning. At noon to the Ward- 
 robe, and dined with my Lady, and, after dinner, staid long 
 talking with her : then homeward, and, in Lumbard Streete, 
 was called out of a window by Alderman Backwell, where I 
 went, and saluted his lady, a very pretty woman. Here was 
 Mr. Creed, and it seems they have been under some disorder 
 in feare of a fire at the next door, and had been removing 
 
 1 See 23rd March, 1661, ante, and note. 
 
 a " Dr. Faustus," a tragical history, by Christopher Marlow. 
 
1682.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 285 
 
 their goods, but the fear was over before I come. Thence 
 home, and with my wife and the two maids and the boy took 
 boat and to Pox-hall, where I had not been a great while. 
 To the old Spring Garden, and there walked long, and the 
 wenches gathered pinks. Here we staid, and seeing that we 
 could not have any thing to eate but very dear, and with long 
 stay, we went forth again without any notice taken of us, and 
 so we might have done if we had had anything. Thence to 
 the New one, where I never was before, which much exceeds 
 the other ; and here we also walked, and the boy crept through 
 the hedge, and gathered abundance of roses, and after a long 
 walk, passed out of doors as we did in the other place, and so 
 to another house that was an ordinary house, and here we 
 had cakes and powdered beef and ale, and so home again by 
 water, with much pleasure. This day, being the King's birth- 
 day, was very solemnly observed ; and the more, for that the 
 Queen this day comes to Hampton Court. In the evening, 
 bonfires were made, but nothing to the great number that was 
 heretofore at the burning of the Eump. 
 
 30th. This morning I made up my accounts, and find my- 
 self clear worth about 530Z., and no more, so little have I 
 encreased it since my last reckoning, but I confess I have laid 
 out much money in clothes. Upon a suddaine notion, I took 
 my wife and Sarah and Will by water, with some victuals 
 with us, as low as Gravesend, intending to have gone into the 
 Hope to the Royal James, to have seen the ship and Mr. 
 Shepley, but meeting Mr. Shepley in a hoy, bringing up my 
 Lord's things, she and I went on board, and sailed up with 
 them as far as half-way tree, very glad to see Mr. Shepley. 
 Here we saw a little Turke and a negroe, which are intended 
 for pages to the two young ladies [Montagu]. Many birds 
 and other pretty noveltys there was, but I was afraid of being 
 louzy, and so took boat again, and got to London before 
 them, all the way, coming and going, reading in the " Wall- 
 flower" 1 with great pleasure. So home, and thence to the 
 
 1 A very singular book by Dr. Thomas Bayly — Serba Parietis ; or, the Wall- 
 flower, as it grew out of the Stone Chamber belonging to Newgate. Lond. 1650, 
 Folio. 
 
 V 
 
286 DUEY 01 [3d June, 
 
 Wardrobe, where Mr. Shepley was come with the things. 
 Here I staid talking with my Lady, who is preparing to go 
 to-morrow to Hampton Court. So home, and at ten o'clock 
 at night Mr. Shepley come to sup with me ; so we had a dish 
 of mackerell and pease, and so he bid us good night, going to 
 lie on board the hoy. 
 
 31st. Had Sarah to comb my head clean, which I found 
 so foul with powdering and other troubles, that I am resolved 
 to try how I can keep my head dry without powder ; and I 
 did also in a sudden fit cut off all my beard, which I had been 
 a great while bringing up, only that I may with my pumice 
 stone do my whole face as I now do my chin, and to save 
 time, which I find a very easy way, and gentile. She also 
 washed my feet in a bath of herbes, and so to bed. The 
 Queen is brought a few days since to Hampton Court ; and 
 all people say of her to be a very fine and handsome lady, 
 and very discreet ; and that the King is pleased enough with 
 her : which, I fear, will put Madam Castlemaine's nose out 
 of joynt. The Court is wholly now at Hampton. A peace 
 with Algiers is lately made ; which is also good news. My 
 Lord Sandwich is lately come with the Queen from sea, very 
 well and in good repute. The Act for Uniformity is lately 
 printed, which, it is thought, will make mad work among the 
 Presbyterian ministers. People of all sides are very much 
 discontented ; some thinking themselves used, contrary to 
 promise, too hardly; and the other, that they are not rewarded 
 so much as they expected by the King. 
 
 June 1st. (Lord's day.) At church in the morning, a 
 stranger made a very good sermon. Mr. Spong came to see 
 me : so he and I sat down a little to sing some French psalms. 
 To church again, where a Presbyter made a sad and long 
 sermon, which vexed me. 
 
 2d. Spoke to my Lord about exchange of the crusados 1 
 into sterling money. This day, my wife put on her slashed 
 wastecoate, which is very pretty, 
 
 3d. Up by four o'clock, and to my business in my chamber, 
 to even accounts with my Lord and myself, and very fain I 
 
 ' The ooin in which part of the Queen's portion was paid. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 287 
 
 would become master of 1000Z., but I have not above 530?. 
 towards it yet. At the office, and Mr. Ccventry brought his 
 patent and took his place with us this morning. Upon our 
 making a contract, I went, as I use to do, to draw the heads 
 thereof, but Sir W. Pen most basely told me that the Comp- 
 troller is to do it, and so begun to employ Mr. Turner about 
 it, at which I was much vexed, and begun to dispute ; and 
 what with the letter of the Duke's orders, and Mr. Barlow's 
 letter, and the practice of our predecessors, which Sir G. 
 Carteret knew best when he was Comptroller, it was ruled for 
 me. What Sir J. Minnes will do, when he comes, I knowe 
 not, but Sir W. Pen did it like a base raskall, and so I shall 
 remember him while I live. To the Tower wharfe, where 
 Mr. Creed and Shepley was ready with three chests of the 
 crusados, being about 6000Z., ready to bring on shore to my 
 house, which they did, and put it in my further cellar. I to 
 my father and Dr. Williams, and Tom Trice, by appointment, 
 in the Old Bayly, to Short's, the alehouse, but could come to 
 no terms with T. Trice. Thence to the Wardrobe, where I 
 found my Lady come from Hampton Court, where the Queen 
 hath used her very civilly, and my Lady tells me is a most 
 pretty woman. Yesterday, Sir R. Ford told me, the Alder- 
 men of the City did attend her in their habits, and did pre- 
 sent her with a gold cupp and 1000Z. in gold therein. But, 
 he told me, that they are so poor in their Chamber, that they 
 were fain to call two or three Aldermen to raise fines to 
 make up this sum, among which was Sir W. Warren. Home 
 and to bed, my mind troubled about the charge of money 
 that is in my house, which I had forgot, but I made the 
 maids to rise and light a candle, and set it in the dining-room, 
 to scare away thieves. 
 
 4th. Povy 1 and Sir W. Batten and I by water to Wool- 
 
 1 Thomas Povy, who had held, under Cromwell, a high situation in the Office 
 of Plantations, was appointed in July, 1660, Treasurer and Receiver- General of 
 the Rents and Revenues of James, Duke of York ; hut his royal master's affairs 
 falling into confusion, he surrendered his patent on the 27th July 1668, for a 
 consideration of 20002. He was also First Treasurer for Tangier, which office he 
 resigned to Pepys. Povy had apartments at Whitehall, besides his lcdgings in 
 Lincoln's Inn, and a villa near Hounslow, called the Priory, which he had inhe- 
 
288 DIARY OF [7th June, 
 
 wich ; and there saw an experiment made of Sir R. Forde's 
 Holland's yarne, about which we have lately had so much 
 stir ; and I have much concerned myself for our rope-maker, 
 Mr. Hughes, who represented it so bad, and we found it to 
 be very bad, and broke sooner than, upon a fair triall, five 
 threads of that against four of Riga yarne; and also that 
 some of it had old stuffe that had been tarred, covered over 
 with new hempe, which is such a cheat as hath not been 
 heard of. I was glad of this discovery, because I would not 
 have the King's workmen discouraged (as Sir W. Batten do 
 most basely do) from representing the faults of merchants' 
 goods, when there is any. To my Lord's, who I find resolved 
 to buy Brampton Manor of Sir Peter Ball, at which I am 
 glad. 
 
 5th. To Alderman Backwell's, to see some thousands of 
 my Lord's crusados weighed, and we find that 3,000 comes to 
 about 530Z. or 40 generally. 
 
 6th. The smith being with me did open a chest, that hath 
 stood ever since I come, in my office, and there we found a 
 modell of a fine ship. 
 
 7th. To the office. I find Mr. Coventry is resolved to do 
 much good, and to enquire into all the miscarriages of the 
 office. At noon with him and Sir W. Batten to dinner at 
 Trinity House ; where among others, Sir J. Robinson, 
 Lieutenant of the Tower, was, who says that yesterday, Sir 
 H. Vane had a full hearing at the King's Bench, and is found 
 guilty; and that he did never hear any man argue more 
 simply than he in all his life, and so others say. Sent for to 
 Sir Q. Carteret's. I perceive, as he told me, were it not that 
 Mr. Coventry had already feathered his nest in selling of 
 
 rited from Justinian Povy, who purchased it in 1625. He was one of the sons 
 of Justinian Povy, Auditor-General to Queen Anne of Denmark in 1614, whose 
 father was John Povy, citizen and embroiderer of London. Justinian obtained 
 a grant of arms : sable, a bend engrailed between six cinque-foils, or, with an 
 annulet for difference. Thomas Povy had two brothers — Richard, who was 
 Commissioner-General of Provisions at Jamaica; and William, Provost-Marshal 
 at Barbadoes. Evelyn describes Thomas Povy, then one of the Masters of 
 Requests [Diary, 29th February, 1675-6], as " a nice contriver of all elegances, 
 and exceedingly formal." By Pepys's report, he was "a wretched accountant." 
 His letter-books are in thd British Museum. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 289 
 
 places, he do like him very well, and hopes great good from 
 him. But he complains so of lack of money, that my heart 
 is very sad, under the apprehension of the fall of the office. 
 
 8th. (Lord's day.) To church, and there Mr. Mills 
 preached but a lazy sermon. "Walked to my Lady's, and 
 merry -with the parrott which my Lord hath brought from 
 sea, which speaks very well, and cries Pall so pleasantly, that 
 made my Lord give it my Lady Paulina, but my Lady her 
 mother do not like it. Home, and observe my man Will to 
 walk with his cloak flung over his shoulder, which whether it 
 was that he might not be seen to walk along with the footboy 
 I know not, but I was vexed at it ; and coming home, and 
 after prayers, I did ask him where he learned that immodest 
 garb ; and he answered me, that it was not immodest, or 
 some such slight answer, at which I did give him two boxes 
 on the eares, which I never did before. 
 
 9th. At the office with Mr. Hater, making my alphabet of 
 contracts. Greatorex recommended Bond of our end of the 
 town to teach me to measure timber. 
 
 10th. All the morning much business ; and great hopes of 
 bringing things, by Mr. Coventry's means, to a good condition 
 in the office. 
 
 11th. Savill the painter come, and did varnish over my 
 wife's picture and mine, and I paid him for my little picture 
 3?., and so am clear with him. 
 
 12th. I tried on my riding-cloth suit with close knees, the 
 first that ever I had ; and I think they will be very conve- 
 nient, if not too hot to wear any other open knees after them. 
 At the office all the morning. Among other businesses, I 
 did get a vote signed by all concerning my issuing of warrants, 
 which they did not smell the use I intend to make of it ; but 
 it is to plead for my clerks to have their right of giving out ' 
 all the warrants. A great difference happened between Sir 
 G. Carteret and Mr. Coventry about passing the Victuallers' 
 account,- and whether Sir George is to pay the Victualler his 
 money, or the Exchequer ; Sir George claiming it to be his 
 place to save his threepences. It ended in anger, and I 
 believe will come to be a question before the King and 
 
 Vol. I.— 28 
 
290 DIAKY OF [14th June, 
 
 Council. A note come from my brother Tom to tell me that 
 my cozen Anne Pepys of Worcestershire her husband is dead 
 and [she] married again, and her second husband ] in town, 
 and intends to come and see me to-morrow. 
 
 13th. Up by 4 o'clock in the morning, and read Cicero's 
 Second Oration against Catiline, which pleased me exceed- 
 ingly ; and more I discern therein than ever I thought was 
 to be found in him ; but I perceive it was my ignorance, and 
 that he is as good a writer as ever I read in my life. By 
 and by to Sir G. Carteret's, to talk with him about yester- 
 day's difference at the office ; and offered my service to 
 look into any old books or papers that I have, that may make 
 for him. He was well pleased therewith, and did much 
 inveigh against Mr. Coventry ; telling me how he had done 
 him service in the Parliament, when Prin had drawn up 
 things against him for taking of money for places ; that he 
 did at his desire, and upon his letters, keep him off from 
 doing it. And many other things he told me, as how the 
 King was beholden to him, and in what a miserable condition 
 his family would be, if ho should die before he hath cleared 
 his accounts. Upon the whole, I do find that he do much 
 esteem of me, and is my friend, and I may make good use 
 of him. 
 
 14th. Up by four o'clock in the morning, and upon 
 business at my office. Then we sat down to business, and 
 about 11 o'clock, having a room got ready for us, we all went 
 out to the Tower-hill ; and there, over against the scaffold, 
 made on purpose this day, saw Sir Henry Vane 2 brought. 
 A very great press of people. He made a long speech, many 
 times interrupted by the Sheriffe and others there ; and they 
 would have taken his paper out of his hand, but he would 
 not let it go. But they caused all the books of those that 
 writ after him 3 to be given the Sheriffe ; and the trumpets 
 were brought under the scaffold that he might not be heard. 
 
 1 Fisher. See the 15th of this month. 
 
 3 See Burnet's account of his conduct, Hist, of Sis Own Time, vol. i., p. 277, 
 edit. 1823. 
 
 3 i v., the reporters. 
 
Iff62.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 291 
 
 Then he prayed, and so fitted himself, and received the blow ; 
 but the scaffold was so crowded that we could not see it done. 
 But Boreman, 1 who had been upon the scaffold, told us, that 
 first he began to speak of the irregular proceeding against 
 him ; that he was, against Magna Charta, denied to have his 
 exceptions against the indictment allowed ; and that there he 
 was stopped by the Sheriffe. Then he drew out his paper 
 of notes, and begun to tell them first his life ; that he was 
 born a gentleman : he had been, till he was seventeen years 
 old, a good fellow, but then it pleased God to lay a foundation 
 of grace in his heart, by which he was persuaded, against his 
 worldly interest, to leave all preferment and go abroad, where 
 he might serve God with more freedom. Then he was called 
 home, and made a member of the Long Parliament ; where 
 he never did, to this day, any thing against his conscience, 
 but all for the glory of God. Here he would have given 
 them an account of the proceedings of the Long Parliament, 
 but they so often interrupted him, that at last he was forced 
 to give over : and so fell into prayer for England in generall, 
 then for the churches in England, and then for the City of 
 London : and so fitted himself for the block, and received the 
 blow. He had a blister, or issue, upon his neck, which he 
 desired them not to hurt : he changed not his colour or 
 speech to the last, but died justifying himself and the cause 
 he had stood for ; and spoke very confidently of his being 
 presently at the right hand of Christ; and in all things 
 appeared the most resolved man that ever died in that manner, 
 and showed more of heate than cowardice, but yet with all 
 humility and gravity. One asked him why he did not pray 
 for the King. He answered, " You shall see I can pray for 
 the King: I pray God bless him!" The King had given 
 his body to his friends ; and therefore, he told them that he 
 hoped they would be civil to his body when dead ; and 
 desired they would let him die like a gentleman and a 
 Christian, and not crowded and pressed as he was. So to 
 the office a little, and to the Trinity-House, and there all of 
 us to dinner ; and to the office again all the afternoon till 
 
 1 Sir William Boreman, Clerk to the Board of Green Cloth. 
 
292 DIARY OP [18th June, 
 
 night. This day, I hear, my Lord Peterborough is come 
 unexpected from Tangier, to give the King an account of the 
 place, which, we fear, is in none of the best condition. "We 
 had also certain news to-day that the Spaniard is before 
 Lisbone with thirteen sayle ; six Dutch, and the rest his own 
 ships ; which will, I fear, be ill for Portugall. I writ a letter 
 of all this day's proceedings to my Lord, at Hinchingbroke, 
 who, I hear, is very well pleased with the work there. 
 
 15th. (Lord's day.) To church. Come my brother Tom 
 and Mr. Fisher, my cozen, Nan Pepys's 2nd husband, who, I 
 perceive, is a very good-humoured man, an old cavalier, and 
 I am glad she hath light of so good a man. 
 
 16th. To the Wardrobe, and dined there ; and in the after- 
 noon with all the children by water to Greenwich, where I 
 showed them the King's yacht, the house, and the parke, all 
 very pleasant ; and so to the taverne, and had the musique 
 of the house, and so merrily home again. 
 
 17th. At Sir W. Batten's, where all met by chance, and 
 talked, and they drink wine, but I forbore all their healths. 
 Sir John Minnes, I perceive, is most excellent company. 
 
 18th. Up early, and after reading a little in Cicero, to my 
 office. To my Lord Crewe's, and dined with him ; where I 
 hear the courage of Sir H. Vane at his death is talked on 
 every where as a miracle. I walked to Lilly's, 1 the painter's, 
 where I saw, among other rare things, the Duchess of York, 
 her whole body, sitting in state in a chair, in white sattin, 
 and another of the King, that is not finished ; most rare 
 things. I did give the fellow something that showed them 
 us, and promised to come some other time, and he would 
 show me Lady Castlemaine's, which I could not then see, it 
 being locked up ! Thence to Wright's, 2 the painter's ; but, 
 Lord ! the difference that is between their two works. After 
 some merry discourse in the kitchen with my wife and maids, 
 as I now-a-days often do, I being well pleased with both my 
 maids, to bed. 
 
 ' Sir Peter Lely. See 22nd October, 1660. 
 
 ' Michael Wright, a native of Scotland, and portrait-painter of some note, 
 settled in London. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 293 
 
 19th. With the last chest of crusados to Alderman Back- 
 well's, by the same token his lady going to take coach stood 
 in the shop, and haying a gilded glass-full of perfumed comfits 
 given her by Don Duarte de Silon, the Portugall merchant 
 that is come over with the Queen, I did offer at a taste, and 
 so she poured some out into my hand, and though good, yet 
 pleased me the better coming from a pretty lady. 
 
 20th. Up by four or five o'clock, and to the office, and 
 there drew up the agreement between the King and Sir John 
 Winter l about the Forrest of Deane ; and, having done it, 
 he come himself (I did not know him to be the Queen's 
 Secretary before, but observed him to be a man of fine parts) ; 
 and we read it, and both liked it well. That done, I turned 
 to the Forrest of Deane, in Speede's Mapps, and there he 
 showed me how it lies ; and the Lea-Bayly, 2 with the great 
 charge of carrying it to Lydny, and many other things worth 
 my knowing ; and I do perceive that I am very short in my 
 business by not knowing many times the geographical part of 
 my business. I went to the Exchange, and I hear that the 
 merchants have a great fear of a breach with the Spaniard ; 
 for they think he will not brook our having Tangier, Dun- 
 kirke, and Jamaica ; and our merchants begin to draw home 
 their estates as fast as they can. To Pope's Head Ally, and 
 there bought me a pair of tweezers cost me 14s., the first 
 thing like a bawble I have bought a good while. In the 
 evening my wife and I and Jane over the water to the half- 
 way house — a pretty, pleasant walk, but the wind high. 
 
 21st. At noon, Sir W. Pen and I to the Trinity House, 
 where was a feast made by the Wardens. Great good 
 cheer, and much but ordinary company. The Lieutenant of 
 the Tower, upon my demanding how Sir H. Vane died, told 
 me that he died in a passion, but all confess with so much 
 courage as never man did. 
 
 22d. (Lord's day.) I first put on my slasht doublet. By 
 and by my Lord come from church, and I dined, with some 
 others, with him — he very merry; and after dinner took me 
 
 ' Secretary and Chancellor to the Queen Dowager. 
 3 A hamlet in the pariah of Newland, Gloucestershire. 
 
 28* v 
 
294 DIARY OP [24th June, 
 
 aside, and talked of state and other matters. This day I am 
 told of a Portugall lady, at Hampton Court, that hath dropped 
 a child already since the Queen's coming, and the King 
 would not have them searched whose it is ; and so it is not 
 commonly known yet. Coming home to-night, I met with 
 Will. Swan, who do talk as high for the Fanatiques as ever 
 he did in his life ; and do pity my Lord Sandwich and me, 
 that we should be given up to the wickedness of the world, 
 and that a fall is coming upon us all ; for he finds that he and 
 his company are the true spirit of the nation, and the greater 
 part of the nation too, who will have liberty of conscience in 
 spite of this "Act of Uniformity," or they will die; and if 
 they may not preach abroad, they will preach in their own 
 houses. He told me that certainly Sir H. Vane must be 
 gone to Heaven, for he died as much a martyr and saint as 
 ever man did ; and that the King hath lost more by that 
 man's death, than he will get again a good while. At all 
 which I know not what to think ; but, I confess, I do think 
 that the Bishops will never be able to carry it so high as 
 they do. 
 
 23d. Meeting with Frank Moore, my Lord Lambert's man 
 formerly, we, and two or three friends of his, did go to a 
 taverne ; and there they drank, but I nothing but small beer. 
 In the next room one was playing very finely of the dulcimer, 
 which, well played, I like well ; but one of our company, a 
 talking fellow, did in discourse say much of this Act against 
 Seamen, for their being brought to account ; and that it was 
 made on purpose for my Lord Sandwich, who was in debt 
 100,000?., and hath been forced to have pardon oftentimes 
 from Oliver for the same : at which I was vexed. 
 
 24th. (Midsummer day.) Come to me my cozen Harry 
 Alcocke, whom I much respect, to desire (by a letter from 
 my father to me, where he had been some days) my help for 
 him to some place. I proposed the sea to him, and I think 
 he will take it, and I hope do well. At night, news is brought 
 me that Field, 1 the rogue, hath this day cast me at Guildhall 
 in 30Z. for his imprisonment, to which I signed his commit- 
 
 ' Set Feb. 4, 1661-2, ante. 
 
1«62.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 295 
 
 ment with the rest of the officers; but they having been 
 Parliament-men, he do begin the law with me, but threatens 
 more. 
 
 25th. Into Thames Street, and there enquire among the 
 ships the price of tarre and oyle, and do find great content in 
 it, and hope to save the King money by this practice. 
 
 26th. Mr. Nicholson, 1 my old fellow-student at Magdalene, 
 come, and we played three or four things upon the violin and 
 basse. 
 
 27th. To my Lord, who rose as soon as he heard I was there ; 
 and in his night-gown and shirt stood talking with me alone 
 two hours, I believe, concerning his greatest matters of state 
 and interest. Among other things, that his greatest design 
 is, first, to get clear of all debts to the King for the Embassy 
 money, and then a pardon. Then, to get his land settled ; 
 and then to discourse and advise what is best for him, 
 whether to keep his sea employment longer or no ; for he do 
 discern that the Duke would be willing to have him out, and 
 that by Coventry's means. And here he told me, how the 
 terms at Algiers were wholly his ; and that he did plainly tell 
 Lawson and agree with him, that he would have the honour 
 of them, if they should ever be agreed to ; and that accord- 
 ingly they did come over hither entitled, "Articles concluded 
 on by Sir J. Lawson, according to instructions received from 
 His Royal Highness James Duke of York, &c, and from 
 His Excellency the Earle of Sandwich;" — which however 
 was more than needed; but Lawson tells my Lord, in his 
 letter, that it was not he, but the Council of War, that would 
 have "His Royal Highness" put into the title, though he did 
 not contribute one word to it. But the Duke of York did 
 yesterday propose them to the Council, to be printed with 
 this title: " Concluded on by Sir J. Lawson, Knt.," and my 
 Lord quite left out. Here I find my Lord very politique ; 
 for he tells me, that he discerns they design to set up Lawson 
 as much as they can : and that he do counterplot them by 
 setting him up higher still ; by which they will find them- 
 selves spoiled of their design, and at last grow jealous of 
 
 ' Thomas Nicholson, A.M., 1672. 
 
296 DIARY OF [28th Juno, 
 
 Lawson. This he told me with much pleasure ; and that 
 several of the Duke's servants, by name my Lord Barkeley, 
 [of Stratton,] Mr. Talbot, and others, had complained to my 
 Lord, of Coventry, and would have him out. My Lord do 
 acknowledge that his greatest obstacle is Coventry. He did 
 seem to hint such a question as this : " Hitherto 1 have been 
 supported by the King and Chancellor against the Duke ; but 
 what if it should come about, that it should be the Duke and 
 Chancellor against the King;" which, though he said it in 
 several plain words, yet I could not fully understand it ; but 
 may more hereafter. My Lord did also tell me, that the 
 Duke himself at Portsmouth did thank my Lord for all his 
 pains and care ; and that he perceived it must be the old 
 Captains that must do the business ; and that the new ones 
 would spoil all. And that my Lord did very discreetly tell 
 the Duke (though quite against his judgement and inclina- 
 tion), that, however, the King's new Captains ought to be 
 borne with a little and encouraged. By which he will oblige 
 that party, and prevent, as much as may be, their envy ; but 
 he says certainly things will go to rack if ever the old Cap- 
 tains should be wholly out, and the new ones only command. 
 I met Sir W. Pen : x he told me the day now was fixed for his 
 going into Ireland ; and that whereas I had mentioned some 
 service he could do a friend of mine there, Samuel Pepys, 2 he 
 told me he would most readily do what I would command him. 
 Comes Sir J. Minnes, and some Captains with him, who had 
 been at a Councill of Warr to-day, who tell us they have 
 acquitted Captain Hall, who was accused of cowardice in let- 
 ting of old Winter, the Algiers pyrate, go away from him with 
 a prize or two ; and also Captain Diamond of the murder laid 
 to him of a man that he had struck, but he lived many months 
 after, till being drunk, he fell into the hold, and there broke 
 his jawe and died. 
 
 28th. Great talk there is of a fear of a war with the Dutch ; 
 and we have order to pitch upon twenty ships to be forthwith 
 Bet out ; but I hope it is but a scare-crow to the world, to let 
 
 1 Penn was Governor of Kinsale. 
 
 Q Mentioned elsewhere as "My co-isin in Ireland." 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 297 
 
 them see that we can be ready for them ; though, God knows ! 
 the King is not able to set out five ships at this present with- 
 out great difficulty, we neither having money, credit, nor 
 stores. My mind is now in a wonderful condition of quiet and 
 content, more than ever in all my life, since my minding the 
 business of my office, which I have done most constantly ; and 
 I find it to be the very effect of my late oaths against wine 
 and plays, which, if God please, I will keep constant in ; for 
 now my business is a delight to me, and brings me great credit, 
 and my purse encreases too. 
 
 29th. (Lord's day.) Up by four o'clock, and to the settling 
 of my own accounts ; and I do find upon my monthly ballance 
 that I am worth 650?. To church with my wife, who this 
 day put on her green petticoate of flowred satin, with fine 
 white and black gimp lace of her own putting on, which is 
 very pretty. To supper to Sir W. Pen. It was an invita- 
 tion in order to his taking leave of us to-day, he being to go 
 for Ireland in a few days. 
 
 30th. To my office, where I fell upon boring holes for me 
 to see from my closet into the great office, without going 
 forth, wherein I please myself much. Told my Lady [Car- 
 teret] how my Lady Fanshaw x is fallen out with her only for 
 speaking in behalf of the French, which my Lady wonders at, 
 they having been formerly like sisters. Thence to my house, 
 where I took great pride to lead her through the Court by the 
 hand, she being very fine, and her page carrying up her train, 
 she staying a little at my house, and then walked through the 
 garden, and took water, and went first on board the King's 
 pleasure-boat, which pleased her much. Then to Greenwiche 
 Parke ; and with much ado she was able to walk up to the 
 top of the hill, and so down again, and took boat, and so 
 through bridge to Blackfryers, and home, she being much 
 pleased with the ramble in every particular of it. So we 
 supped with her, and then walked home, and to bed. 
 
 ' Anne, daughter of Sir John Harrison, of Balls, in Hertfordshire, wife of Sir 
 Eichard Fanshawe, see 29th June, 1669. She wrote Memoirs of her life, which 
 haw been published, and are extremely interesting. 
 
£98 DIARY OP [2dJuIy, 
 
 OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 This I take to be as bad a juncture as ever I observed. 
 The King and his new Queen minding their pleasures at 
 Hampton Court. All people discontented; some that the 
 King do not gratify them enough ; and the others, Fanatiques 
 of all sorts, that the King do take away their liberty of con- 
 science ; and the height of the Bishops, who I fear will ruin 
 all again. They do much cry up the manner of Sir H. Vane's 
 death, and he deserves it. Much clamour against the chim- 
 ney-money ; and the people say, they will not pay it without 
 force. And in the mean time, like to have war abroad ; and 
 Portugall to assist, when we have not money to pay for any 
 ordinary layings-out at home. All in dirt about building of 
 my house, and Sir W. Batten's, a story higher. Into a good 
 way, fallen on minding my business and saving money, which 
 God encrease ; and I do take great delight in it, and see the 
 benefit of it. In a longing mind of going to see Brampton, 
 but cannot get three days time, do what I can. In very good 
 health, my wife and myself. 
 
 July 1st. Talking with my wife, who was afraid I did in- 
 tend to go with my Lord to fetch the Queen hither over, in 
 which I did clear her doubts. I went to bed by daylight, in 
 order to my rising early. 
 
 2d. Up while the chimes went four, and so put down my 
 journal. So to my office, to read over such instructions as con- 
 cern the officers of the Yard ; for I am much upon seeing into 
 the miscarriages there. By and by, by appointment, comes 
 Commissioner Pett ; and then a messenger from Mr. Coventry, 
 who sits in his boat expecting us. So we down to him at the 
 Tower, and there took water all, and to Deptford, he in our 
 passage taking notice how much difference there is between 
 the old Captains for obedience and order, and the King's new 
 Captains, which I am very glad to hear him confess ; and 
 there we went into the Store-house, and viewed first the pro- 
 visions there, and then his books, but Mr. Davis himself was 
 not there, he having a kinswoman in the house dead, for 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 299 
 
 which, when by and by I saw him, he do trouble himself most 
 ridiculously, as if there was never another woman in the 
 world ; in which so much laziness, as also in the Clerkes of 
 the Cheque and Survey, as that I do not perceive that there 
 is one-third of their duties performed ; but I perceive, to my 
 great content, Mr. Coventry will have things performed. To 
 the Pay againe, where I did relieve several of my Lord Sand- 
 wich's people, but was sorry to see them so peremptory, and 
 at every word would complain to my Lord, as if they shall 
 have such a command over my Lord. In the evening come 
 Mr. Lewis to me, and very ingenuously did enquire whether I 
 ever did look into the business of the Chest 1 at Chatham ; and 
 after my readiness to be informed did appear to him, he did 
 produce a paper, wherein he stated the government of the 
 Chest to me ; and upon the whole did tell me how it hath 
 ever been abused, and to this day is ; and what a meritorious 
 act it would be to look after it : which I am resolved to do, 
 if God bless me ; and do thank him very much for it. 
 
 3d. Dined with the Officers of the Ordnance ; where Sir 
 W. Compton, 2 Mr. O'Neal, 3 and other great persons were. 
 After dinner, was brought to Sir W. Compton a gun to dis- 
 charge seven times ; the best of all devices that ever I saw, 
 and very serviceable, and not a bawble ; for it is much ap- 
 proved of, and many thereof made. 
 
 4th. Up by five o'clock, and after my journall put in order, 
 
 1 See Pepys's own account of the institution of the Chest, Nov. 13, 1662, post. 
 
 2 See May 6, 1660, and note. 
 
 a The best account of this person is given in his monumental inscription, in 
 Boughton-Malherbe Church: — "Here lies the body of Mr. Daniel O'Neale, who 
 descended from that greate, honoura ble , and antient family of the O'Neales, in 
 Ireland, to whom he added new luster by his owne merit, being rewarded for his 
 courage and loyalty in the civil warrs, under King Charles the First and Charles 
 the Second, w th the offices of Postmaster General of England, Scotland, and Ire- 
 land, Master of the Powder, and G-roome of His Maj'y" Bedchamber. He was 
 married to the right honourable Katherine Countesse of Chesterfield, who erected 
 him this monument, as one of the last markes of her kindnesse, to show her affec- 
 tion longer than her weak breath would serve to express it. He died A.n. 1663, 
 aged 60." In the Letters of Philip, Second Earl of Chesterfield, p. 6, it is stated 
 that he died on the 9th of April, 1667; but the date of the year should be 1663. 
 The " Great O'Neale," whose death Pepys records as having occurred on the 24th 
 October, 1664, many months later, could not be the same person, if the dates are 
 (OrrecL 
 
300 DIARY OF [9th July, 
 
 to my office about my business, which. I am resolved to follow. 
 Comes Mr. Cooper, mate of the Royall Charles, of whom I 
 intend to learn mathematiques, and do begin with him to-day, 
 he being a very able man, and no great matter, I suppose, 
 will content him. After an hour's being with him at arith- 
 metique, my first attempt being to learn the multiplication- 
 table : then we parted till to-morrow. 
 
 5th. At noon, had Sir W. Pen, who I hate with all my 
 heart, for his base treacherous tricks, but yet I think it not 
 policy to declare it yet, and his son William, to my house to 
 dinner, where was also Mr. Creed, and my cousin Harry 
 Alcocke. I having some venison given me a day or two ago, 
 and so I had a shoulder roasted, another baked, and the umbles 
 baked in a pie, and all very well done. We were merry as I 
 could be in that company. 
 
 6th. (Lord's day.) Settled my accounts with my wife for 
 housekeeping, and do see that my kitchen, besides wine, fire, 
 candle, sope, and many other things, comes to about 30s. a 
 week, or a little over. To church, where Mr. Mills made a 
 lazy sermon. To supper with my Lady [Sandwich] ; who 
 tells me, with much trouble, that my Lady Castlemaine is still 
 as great with the King, and that the King comes as often to 
 her as ever he did. Jack Cole, my old friend, found me out 
 at the Wardrobe ; and among other things, he told me that 
 certainly most of the chief ministers of London would fling up 
 their livings ; and that, soon or late, the issue thereof would 
 be sad to the King and Court. 
 
 7th. Comes Mr. Cooper : so he and I to our mathe- 
 matiques. 
 
 8th. To the Wardrobe ; where all alone with my Lord 
 above an hour ; and he do seem still to have his old confidenca 
 in me ; and tells me, to boot, that Mr. Coventry hath spoke 
 of me to him to great advantage ; wherein I am much pleased. 
 By and by comes in Mr. Coventry to visit my Lord ; and so 
 my Lord and he and I walked together in the great chamber 
 a good while ; and I found him a most ingenuous man and 
 good company. 
 
 9th. Up by four o'clock, and at my multiplicacion-table 
 
1662. SAMUEL PBPYS. 30], 
 
 hard, -which is all the trouble I meet with at all in my arith- 
 metique. Sir W. Pen come to my office to take his leave of 
 me, and, desiring a turn in the garden, did commit the care of 
 his building to me, 1 and offered all his services to me in all 
 matters of mine. I did, God forgive me ! promise him alJ my 
 service and love, though the rogue knows he deserves none 
 from me, nor do I intend to show him any ; but as he dis- 
 sembles with me, so must I with him. Come Mr. Mills, the 
 minister, to see me, which he hath rarely done to me, though 
 every day almost to others of us ; but he is a cunning fellow, 
 and knows where the good victuals is, and the good drink, at 
 Sir W. Batten's. However, I used him civilly, though I love 
 him as I do the rest of his coat. 
 
 11th. Up by four o'clock, and hard at my multiplicacion- 
 table, which I am now almost master of. To Deptford first : 
 then to Woolwich, and viewed well all the houses and stores 
 there, which lie in very great confusion, for want of store- 
 houses. So by water back again, about five in the afternoon, 
 to White Hall, and so to St. James's ; and at Mr. Coventry's 
 chamber, which is very neat and fine, we had a pretty neat 
 dinner. 
 
 12th. Put things in order to be laid up, against my work- 
 men come on Monday, to take down the top of my house. 
 At night with Cooper at arithmetique. 
 
 13th. (Lord's day.) To Deptford, on purpose to sign and 
 seal a couple of warrants, as justice of peace in Kent, against 
 one Annis, who is to be tried next Tuesday, at Maidstone 
 Assizes, for stealing some lead out of Woolwich Yard. 
 
 14th. Dr. T. Pepys come to me to dinner, where by chance 
 comes Mr. Pierce, the chyrurgeon, and then Mr. Battersby, 
 the minister, and then Mr. Dun, and it happened that I had 
 a haunch of venison boiled, and so they were very wellcome 
 and merry ; but my simple Dr. do talk so like a fool, that I 
 am weary of him. This night I found the pageant in Corn- 
 hill taken downe, which was pretty strange. 
 
 15th. About bed-time, it fell a-raining, and the house being 
 all open at top, it vexed me, but there was no help for it. 
 
 1 They had been allowed to raise their houses. 
 
 Vol. L— 29 w 
 
302 DIARY OP [21st July, 
 
 16th. In the morning, I found all my ceilings spoiled with 
 rain last night, so that I fear they must he all new whited 
 when the work is done. Mr. Moore to me, drawing up a 
 fair state of all my Lord's accounts, which heing settled, he 
 went away : at noon, to my Lord's with it, but found him at 
 dinner, and some great company with him — Mr. Edward 
 Montagu and his brother, and Mr. Coventry, and after dinner 
 went out with them ; and so I lost my labour, but dined with 
 Mr. Moore and the people below, who, after dinner, fell to 
 talk of Portugall rings, and Captain Ferrers offered five or six 
 to sell, and I seeming to like a ring made of a coco-nut, 
 with a stone done in it, he did oner and would give it me. 
 This day I was told that my Lady Castlemaine being quite 
 fallen out with her husband, did yesterday go away from him, 
 with all her plate, jewels, and other best things ; and is gone 
 to Richmond to a brother of her's ; which, I am apt to think, 
 was a design to get out of town, that the King might come 
 at her the better. 
 
 17th. To my office, and by and by to our sitting ; where 
 much business. Mr. Coventry took his leave, being to go 
 with the Duke over for the Queen-Mother. 
 
 18th. It comes into my head to have my dining-[room] 
 wainscoated, which will be very pretty. Comes Cooper for 
 my mathematiques, but, in good earnest, my head is so full of 
 business, that I cannot understand it as otherwise I should do. 
 
 19th. In the afternoon I went upon the river : it raining 
 hard upon the water, I put ashore and sheltered myself, while 
 the King come by in his barge, going down towards the 
 Downes to meet the Queen : the Duke being gone yesterday. 
 But methought it lessened my esteem of a king, that he 
 should not be able to command the rain. 
 
 21st. Up early. I did take boat and down to Greenwich, 
 to Captain Cocke's, who had a most pleasant seat, and neat. 
 Here I drank wine, and eat some fruit off the trees ; and he 
 showed a great rarity, which was, two or three of a great 
 number of silver dishes and plates, which he bought of an 
 embassador that did lack money, in the edges and basins of 
 which was placed silver and gold medalls very ancient To 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 303 
 
 Woolwich to the Rope-yard ; and there looked over several 
 sorts of hemp, and did fall upon my great survey of seeing 
 the working and experiments of the strength and the charge 
 in the dressing of every sort ; and I do think have brought 
 it to so great a certainty, as I have done the King some 
 service in it; and do purpose to get it ready against the 
 Duke's coming to town to present to him. I see it is im-„ 
 possible for the King to have things done as cheap as other 
 men. 
 
 22d. I had letters from the Downes from Mr. Coventry ; 
 who tells me of the foul weather they had last Sunday, that 
 drove them back from near Boulogne, whither they were 
 going for the Queen, back again to the Downes, with the 
 loss of their cables, sayles, and masts ; but are all safe, only 
 my Lord Sandwich, who went before with the yacht : they 
 know not what is become of him, which do trouble me much ; 
 but I hope he got ashore before the storm begun ; which God 
 grant ! 
 
 23d. A little vexed that my brother Tom, by his neglect, 
 do fail to get a coach for my wife and maid this week, by 
 which she will not be at Brampton feast, to meet my Lady 
 at my father's. Much disturbed, by reason of the talk up 
 and down the town, that my Lord Sandwich is lost ; but 
 I trust in God the contrary. 
 
 24th. I hear, to my great content, that my Lord Sand- 
 wich is safe landed in France. 
 
 25th. Reading Mr. Holland's 1 discourse of the Navy, lent 
 me by Mr. Turner, and am much pleased with them — they 
 hitting the very diseases of the Navy, which we are troubled 
 with now-a-days. 
 
 26th. I had a letter from Mr. Creed, who hath escaped 
 narrowly in the King's yacht, and got safe to the Downes ' 
 after the late storm ; and he says that the King do tell him, 
 that he is sure my Lord is landed at Callis safe, of which 
 being glad, I sent news thereof to my Lord Crewe, and by 
 the post to my Lady in the country. This afternoon I went 
 to Westminster; and there hear that the King and Queen 
 
 1 John Holland, whose work is in the British MuBeum. 
 
304 DIARY OF [27th July, 
 
 intend to come to White Hall from Hampton Court next 
 week, for all winter. Thence to Mrs. Sarah, and there 
 looked over my Lord's lodgings, which are very pretty ; and 
 White Hall Garden and the Bowling-ally, where lords and 
 ladies are now at bowles, in brave condition. Mrs. Sarah 
 told me how the falling out between my Lady Castlemaine 
 and her Lord was about christening of the child * lately, which 
 he would have, and had done by a priest ; and, some days 
 after, she had it again christened by a minister ; the King, 
 and Lord of Oxford, 2 and Duchess of Suffolk 3 being wit- 
 nesses : and christened with a proviso, that it had not already 
 been christened. Since that, she left her Lord, carrying 
 away every thing in the house ; so much as every dish, and 
 cloth, and servant, but the porter. He is gone discontented 
 into France, they say, to enter a monastery ; and now she is 
 coming back again to her house in King Streete. But I 
 hear that the Queen did prick her out of the list presented 
 Her by the King ; desiring that She might have that favour 
 done Her, or that he would send Her from whence She come ; 
 and that the King was angry, and the Queen discontented a 
 whole day and night upon it ; but that the King hath pro- 
 mised to have nothing to do with her hereafter. But I can- 
 not believe that the King can fling her off so, he loving her 
 too well : and so I writ this night to my Lady to be my 
 opinion ; she calling her my lady, and the lady I admire. 
 Here I find that my Lord hath lost the garden to his lodgings, 
 and that it is turning into a tennis-court. 
 
 27th. (Lord's day.) I to walk in the Parke, which is now 
 every day more and more pleasant, by the new works upon it. 
 
 1 The first son whom Lady Castlemaine bore to Charles II. was Charles Fitzroy, 
 born in June, 1662, and afterwards created Duke of Southampton. 
 
 3 Aubrey de Vere, twentieth and last Earl of Oxford of that ancient family. 
 Ob. 1702-3, a. p. 
 
 3 There was no Duchess of Suffolk at this time ; the lady meant must hare 
 been Earbara, eldest daughter of Sir Edward Villiers, widow of Richard Wen- 
 man, eldest son of Philip, third Viscount Wenman, an Irish peer, and second wife 
 of James Howard, third Earl of Suffolk. She was Mistress of the Robes to the 
 Queen, who might well feel annoyed at her own servant being selected for the 
 office of sponsor to the King's base-born son. Lady Castlemaine was niece to 
 Lady Suffolk, who perhaps had been her godmother, as they both bore the same 
 christian name. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 305 
 
 18th. Up early, and by six o'clock, after my wife was 
 ready, I walked with her to the George at Holborne Conduit, 
 where the coach stood to carry her and her maid to Bugden : 
 so I took a troubled though willing good bye, because of the 
 sad condition of my house, to have a family in it. Walked 
 to the water-side, and there took boat for the Tower ; hearing 
 that the Queen-Mother is come this morning already as high 
 as Woolwich : and that my Lord Sandwich was with her ; at 
 which my heart was glad. 
 
 29th. Up early, and brought all my money, which is near 
 300Z., out of my house, into this chamber; and so to the 
 office, and there we sat all the morning, Sir George Carteret 
 and Mr. Coventry being come from sea. 
 
 30th. By water to White Hall, and there waited upon 
 Lord Sandwich ; and joyed him, at his lodgings, of his safe 
 coming home after all his danger, which he confesses to be 
 very great. And his people do tell me how bravely my Lord 
 did carry himself, while my Lord Crofts x did cry ; and I per- 
 ceive all the town talk how poorly he carried himself. But 
 the best was one of Mr. Rawlins, 2 a courtier that was with 
 my Lord ; and in the greatest danger cried, " My Lord, I 
 won't give you three-pence for your place now." But all 
 ends in the honour of the pleasure-boats ; which, had they 
 not been very good boats, could never have endured the sea 
 as they did. To Woolwich, expecting to find Sir W. Batten 
 there upon his survey, but he is not come, and so we got a 
 dish of steaks at the White Hart, while his clarkes and others 
 were feasting of it in the best room of the house, and after 
 dinner playing at shuffle-board. God help the King ! What 
 surveys shall be taken after this manner ! 
 
 31st. At noon, Mr. Coventry and I by his coach to the 
 Exchange together ; and in Lombard Streete met Captain 
 Browne of the Rosebush : at which he was cruel angry ; and 
 
 1 William Crofts, created Baron Crofts, of Saxham, in Suffolk, 1658, and died 
 ft. p. 1677. 
 
 a Giles Rawlings occurs in an old household book of James Duke of York, at 
 Audley End, as Gentleman of the Privy Purse to his Royal Highness, with a 
 galary of 4001. per annum. See 19th August, pott. 
 
 29* 
 
gOQ DIARY OP [3d August 
 
 did threaten to go to-day to the Duke at Hampton Court, 
 and get him turned out because he was not sailed. 
 
 August 2d. Up early, and got me ready in my riding 
 clothes, and took boat with Will, and down to Greenwich, 
 where, Captain Cocke not being at home, I was vexed, and 
 went to walk in the Park till he come thither to me : and 
 Will, forgetting to bring my boots in the boat, did also vex 
 me ; for I was forced to send the boat back againe for them. 
 I to Captain Cocke's along with him to dinner, where I find 
 his lady still pretty, but not so good-humoured as I thought 
 she was. We had a plain good dinner, and I see they do 
 live very snugly. I eat among other fruit much mulberrys, 
 a thing I have not eat of these many years, since I used to 
 be at Ashted, 1 at my cozen Pepys's. After dinner, we to boate, 
 and had a pleasant passage down to Gravesend, but it was 
 nine o'clock before we got thither, so that we were in great 
 doubt whether to stay there or no ; and the rather because 
 I was afraid to ride because of my paine ; but at the Swan, 
 finding Mr. Henson and Lieutenant Carteret of the Foresight 
 come to meet me, I borrowed Mr. Thompson's horse ; and 
 he took another, and so we rode to Rochester in the dark, 
 and there to our barge to the Hill-house, where we soon went 
 to-bed — before we slept, I telling upon discourse with Captain 
 Cocke the manner of my being cut of the stone, which pleased 
 him much. So to sleep. 
 
 3d. (Lord's day.) Up early, and with Captain Cocke to 
 the dock-yard, a fine walk and fine weather. Commissioner 
 Pett come to us, and took us to his house, and showed us his 
 garden and fine things, and did give us a fine breakfast of 
 bread and butter, and sweetmeats and other things with great 
 choice, and strong drinks, with which I could not avoyde 
 making my head ake, though I drank but little. By and by 
 to church, by coach, with the Commissioner, and had a dull 
 sermon. A full church, and some pretty women in it: 
 among others, Beck Allen, who was a bride-mayde to a new 
 married couple that come to church to-day, and which was 
 pretty strange, sat in a pew hung with mourning for a mother 
 
 ' A village near Epsom. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 307 
 
 of the bride's, which methinks should have been taken down. 
 After dinner, the Commissioner and I to his house, and had 
 syllabub, and saw his closet, which come short of what I 
 expected, but there was fine modells of ships in it indeed, 
 whose worth I could not judge of. Amongst other things, 
 Pett told me how despicable a thing it is to be a hangman in 
 Poland, although it be a place of credit. And that, in his 
 time, there was some repairs to be made of the gallows there, 
 which was very fine, of stone ; but nobody could be got to 
 mend it till the Burgo-master, or Mayor of the town, with 
 all the companies of those trades which were necessary to be 
 used about those repairs, did go in their habits with flags, in 
 solemn procession to the place, and there the Burgo-master 
 did give the first blow with the hammer upon the wooden 
 work; and the rest of the Masters of the Companies upon the 
 works belonging to their trades ; that so workmen might not 
 be ashamed to be employed upon doing of the gallows' works. 
 
 4th. Up by four o'clock and to Upnor Castle, and there 
 went up to the top, where there is a fine prospect, but of 
 very small force. So to Rochester and Gravesend. Very 
 dark before we got thither to the Swan ; and there, meeting 
 with Doncaster, an old waterman of mine above bridge, we 
 eat a short supper, being very merry with the drolling, 
 drunken coachman that brought us, and so took water. It 
 being very dark, and the wind rising, and our waterman un- 
 acquainted with this part of the river, so that we were pre- 
 sently cast upon the Essex-shoare, but got off again, and so, 
 as well as we could, went on, but I in such fear that I could 
 not sleep till we come to Erith, and there it begun to be 
 calme, and the stars to shine, and so I began to take heart 
 again, and the rest too ; and so made shift to slumber a little. 
 Above Woolwich we lost our way, and went back to Black- 
 wall, and up and down, being guided by nothing but the 
 barking of a dog, which we had observed in passing by Black- 
 wall. 
 
 5th. Got right again with much ado, after two or three 
 circles, and so on, and at Greenwich set in Captain Cocke ; 
 and I set forward, hailing to all the King's ships at Deptford, 
 
308 DIARY OP [6thAugnstj 
 
 but could not -wake any man : so that we cou\d have done 
 what we would with their ships. At last, waked one man, 
 but it was a merchant-ship, the Royall Catharine : so to the 
 Tower-docke and home, where the girle sat up for me. It 
 was about three o'clock, and, putting Mr. Boddam out of my 
 bed, went to bed, and lay till nine o'clock. Dined alone at 
 home, and was glad my house is begun tiling. 
 
 6th. By -water to White Hall ; and so to St. James's ; but 
 there found Mr. Coventry gone to Hampton Court. So to 
 my Lord's ; and he is also gone : this being a great day at 
 the Council, about some business before the King. Here, 
 Mr. Pierce, the chyrurgeon, told me how Mr. Edward Montagu 
 hath lately had a duell with Mr. Cholmely, 1 that is first 
 gentleman-usher to the Queen, and was a messenger to her 
 from the King of Portugall, and is a fine gentleman ; but had 
 received many affronts from Mr. Montagu, and some unkind- 
 ness from my Lord, upon his score, for which I am sorry. 
 He proved too hard for Montagu, and drove him so far 
 backward that he fell into a ditch, and dropt his sword, but 
 with honour would take no advantage over him ; bnt did 
 give him his life : and, the world says, Mr. Montagu did carry 
 himself very poorly in the business, and hath lost his honour 
 for ever with all people in it, of which I am very glad, in 
 hopes that it will humble him. I hear, also, that he hath 
 sent to my Lady to borrow 400Z., giving his brother Harvey's 2 
 security for it, and that my Lord will lend it him, for which 
 I am sorry. This afternoon Mr. Waith was with me, and 
 did tell me much concerning the Chest, which I am resolved 
 to look into ; and I perceive he is sensible of Sir W. Batten's 
 carriage ; and is pleased to see any thing work against him. 
 
 * Hugh Cholmely, afterwards the third baronet of that name; he was the second ' 
 son of Sir Hugh Cholmely, of Whitby (governor of Scarborough for Charles I.,) 
 whose autobiography has been printed. This Hugh succeeded his nephew of the 
 same name, who died a minor in June, 1665, after which date Pepys speaks of him 
 by his title. In February, 1666, he married Lady Anne Compton, eldest daughter 
 of Spencer, Earl of Northampton. He was afterwards, for some years, govsrnor 
 of Tangier, of which he published an account. He died 9th January, 1688. He 
 was descended from a younger branch of that great family of Egertons and 
 Eholmondeleys, of all of whom Sir Philip M. Grey Bgerton is the head. 
 
 * Sir Daniel Harvey is the person alluded to. 
 
I«62.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 309 
 
 7th. This morning, I got unexpectedly the Keserve for 
 Mr. Cooper to be maister of, which was only by taking an 
 opportune time to mention [it], which is one good effect of 
 my being constant at the office, that nothing passes without 
 me; and I have the choice of my own time to propose 
 anything I would have. 
 
 8th. At five, by water to Woolwich, there to see the 
 manner of tarring, and the several proceedings of making of 
 cordage, and other things relating to that sort of works, much 
 to my satisfaction. Dined with Mr. Falconer; thence we 
 walked, talking all the way to Greenwich, and I do find 
 excellent discourse from him. Among other things, his rule 
 of suspecting every man that proposes any thing to him to be 
 a knave ; or, at least, to have some ends of his own in it. 
 Being led thereto by the story of Sir John Millicent, 1 that 
 would have had a patent from King James for every man to 
 have had leave to have given him a shilling ; and that he 
 might take it of every man that had a mind to give it ; and 
 being assured that that was a fair thing, but what needed a 
 patent for it, and what he would do to them that would not 
 give him, he answered, he would not force them ; but that 
 they should come to the Council of State, to give a reason 
 why they would not. Another rule is a proverb that he hath 
 been taught, which is, that a man that cannot sit still in his 
 chamber, the reason of which I did not understand, and he 
 that cannot say no (that is, that is of so good a nature that 
 he cannot deny any thing, or cross another in doing any 
 thing), is not fit for business. The last of which is a very 
 great fault of mine, which I must amend in. Thence by 
 boat : being hot, he [Mr. Falconer] put the skirt of his 
 cloak about me ; and, it being rough, he told me the passage 
 of a Frenchman through London Bridge, 2 where, when he 
 
 1 He is described in the Baronetages as of Barham, in Cambridgeshire. 
 
 a When the first editions of this Diary were printed no note was required here. 
 Before the erection of the present London Bridge, the fall of water at the ebb 
 tide was great, and to pass at that time was called " Shooting the bridge." It 
 was very hazardous for small boats. The ancient mode, even in Henry VIII/s 
 time, of going to the Tower and Greenwich, was to land at the Three Cranes, in 
 Upper Thames Street, suffer the barges to shoot tfie brdge, and w enter them 
 
glO DUET OF [10th August, 
 
 saw the great fall, lie begun to cross himself, and say hia 
 prayers in the greatest fear in the world ; and, soon as he was 
 over, he swore, " Morbleu ! c'est le plus grand plaisir du 
 monde," being the most like a French humour in the world. 
 To Deptford, and there surprised the Yard, and called them 
 to a muster, and discovered many abuses. 
 
 9th. Mr. Coventry and I sat alone at the office all the 
 ■ morning upon business. And so to dinner to Trinity House, 
 and thence by bis coach towards White Hall ; but there being 
 a stop at the Savoy, 1 we light and took water, and my Lord 
 Sandwich being out of town, we parted there. Writing a 
 letter to my brother John to dissuade him from being Mode- 
 rator of his year, which I hear is proffered him, of which I 
 am very glad. Comes Cooper, and he and I by candle-light 
 at my modell, being willing to learn as much of him as pos- 
 sible before he goes. 
 
 10th. (Lord's day.) I walked to St. Dunstan's, the church 
 being now finished ; and here I heard Dr. Bates, who made 
 a most eloquent sermon ; and I am sorry I have hitherto had 
 so low an opinion of the man, for I have not heard a neater 
 sermon a great while, and more to my content. So to Tom's, 
 where Dr. Fairebrother, newly come from Cambridge, met 
 me, and Dr. Thomas Pepys. I framed myself as pleasant as 
 I could, but my mind was another way. My uncle Fenner 
 told me the new service-booke, 2 which is now lately come 
 forth, was laid upon their deske at St. Sepulchre's for Mr. 
 George 3 to read ; but he laid it aside, and would not meddle 
 with it : and I perceive the Presbyters do all prepare to give 
 over all against Bartholomewtide. Mr. Herring, being lately 
 
 again at Billingsgate. See Cavendish's Wolaey, p. 40, ed. 1852 ; Life of the 
 Duke of Somerset in Fox's Acta, vol. vi., p. 293; Life of Bp. Sail, in Words- 
 worth's Eccl. Biog., iv., 318, ed. 1853. 
 
 1 The Savoy Palace in the Strand, a considerable part of which existed so 
 lately as 1816. 
 
 3 The Common Prayer Book now in use. One of the sealed books, appointed 
 by the Act of Uniformity, is still preserved in the Tower of London. 
 
 3 George ought to be Thomas Gouge, an eminent Presbyterian minister, who 
 had the church of St. Sepulchre during the Commonwealth, and abandoned it on 
 the Act of Uniformity coming into force. There is an account of him in Calamy'i 
 Lives of the Ejected Minister, 8vo, 1713. 
 
J662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 3H 
 
 turned oat at St. Bride's, did read the psalme to the people 
 •while they sung at Dr. Bates's, which methought is a strange 
 turn. 1 After dinner, to St. Bride's, and there heard one 
 Carpenter, an old man, who, they say, hath been a Jesuite 
 priest, and is come over to us ; but he preached very well. 
 Mr. Calamy hath taken his farewell this day of his people, 
 and others will do so the next Sunday. Mr. Turner, 2 the 
 draper, I hear, is knighted, made Alderman, and pricked for 
 Sheriffe, with Sir Thomas Bluddel, 3 for the next year, by the 
 King, and so are called, with great honour, the King's 
 Sheriffes. 
 
 11th. Deane Fuller tells me that his niece, that sings so 
 well, whom I have longed to see, is married to one Mr. Boys, 
 a wholesayle man at the Three Crownes, in Cheapside. 
 Cooper come and read his last lecture to me, upon my modell, 
 and so bid me good bye, he being to go to-morrow to Chatham, 
 to take charge of the ship I have got him. 
 
 13th. Up early, and to my office. By and by we met 
 on purpose to enquire into the business of flag-makers, where 
 I am the person that do chiefly manage the business against 
 them on the King's part ; and I do find it the greatest cheat 
 that I have yet found ; they having eightpence per yard 
 allowed them by pretence of a contract, where no such thing 
 appears ; and it is threepence more than was formerly paid, 
 and than I now offer the Board to have them done. To 
 Lambeth ; and there saw the little pleasure-boat in building 
 by the King, my Lord Brouncker, 4 and the Virtuosoes of the 
 town, according to new lines, which Mr. Pett cries up 
 mightily ; but how it will prove we shall soon see. 
 
 1 A practice still obtains amongst the Dissenters of reading the psalm or hymb 
 to be sung, two lines at a time. 
 
 3 Sir William Turner, Lord Mayor of London, 1669. 
 
 3 A mistake for Bhidworth, who had been Colonel of the Orange Regiment zf 
 the trained bands, and Lord Mayor in 1666. 
 
 4 William Brouncker, second Lord Brouncker, Viscount of Castle Lyons, in 
 Ireland; created M. D., in 1642, at Oxford; Keeper of the Great Seal to the 
 Queen, a Commissioner of the Admiralty, and Master of St. Catherine's Hospital. 
 He was a man of considerable talents, and the first President of the Royal Sooiety. 
 Ob. 1684, aged 64. There is a fine portrait of him, by Lely, at Lord Lyttletou'a, 
 at Hagely. See poet, 24th March, 1667. 
 
312 DIARYOF [17th Augustj 
 
 14th. Commissioner Pett and I being invited, went by Sir 
 John Winter's coach, sent for us, to the Mitre, in Fenchurch 
 Street, to a venison-pasty ; where I found him a very worthy 
 man ; and good discourse, most of which was concerning the 
 Forest of Deane, and the timber there, and iron-workes with 
 their great antiquity, and the vast heaps of cinders which they 
 find, and are now of great value, being necessary for the 
 making of iron at this day ; and without which they cannot 
 work : with the age of many trees there left, at a great fall 
 in Edward the Third's time, by the name of forbid-trees, 
 which at this day are called vorbid trees. 
 
 15th. Up very early, and up about seeing how my work 
 proceeds, and am pretty well pleased therewith ; especially my 
 wife's closet will be very pretty. At noon to the Change, 
 and there hear of some Quakers that are seized on, that would 
 have blown up the prison in Southwarke, where they are put : 
 so to the Swan, in Old Fish Streete, where Mr. Brigden and 
 his father-in-law, Blackbury, of whom we had bought timber 
 in the office, but have not dealt well with us, did make me a 
 fine dinner only to myself; and after dinner comes in a 
 jugleur, which shewed us very pretty tricks. I seemed very 
 pleasant, but am no friend to the man's dealings with us in 
 the office. I went to Paul's Church Yard, to my bookseller's 
 [Kirton's] ; and there I hear that next Sunday will be the 
 last of a great many Presbyterian ministers in town, who, I 
 hear, will give up all. I pray God the issue may be good, 
 for the discontent is great. My mind well pleased with a 
 letter that I found at home from Mr. Coventry, expressing 
 his satisfaction in a letter I writ last night, and sent him this 
 morning to be corrected by him, in order to its sending down 
 to all the Yards as a charge to them. 
 
 17th. (Lord's day.) This being the last Sunday that the 
 Presbyterians are to preach, unless they read the new Common 
 Prayer, and renounce the Covenant, I had a mind to hear Dr. 
 Bates's farewell sermon : and walked to St. Dunstan's, where, 
 it not being seven o'clock yet, the doors were not open ; and 
 so I walked an hour in Temple-gardens, reading my vows, 
 which it is a great content to me to see how I am a changed 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 313 
 
 man in all respects for the better, since I took them, which 
 the God of Heaven continue to me, and make me thankful 
 for. At eight o'clock I went, and crowded in at a back door 
 among others, the church being half-full almost before any 
 doors were open publicly, which is the first time that I have 
 done so these many years ; and so got into the gallery, beside 
 the pulpit, and heard very well. His text was, " Now the 
 
 God of Peace ;" the last Hebrews, and the 20th verse; 
 
 he making a very good sermon, and very little reflections in 
 it to any thing of the times. I was very well pleased with the 
 sight of a fine lady that I have often seen walk in Gray's 
 Inn Walks. To Madam Turner's, and dined with her. She 
 had heard Parson Herring take his leave ; though he, by 
 reading so much of the Common Prayer as he did, hath cast 
 himself out of the good opinion of both sides. After dinner, 
 to St. Dunstan's again ; and the church quite crowded before 
 I come, which was just at one o'clock ; but I got into the 
 gallery again, but stood in a crowd. Dr. Bates pursued his 
 text again very well ; and only at the conclusion told us, after 
 this manner : " I do believe that many of you do expect that 
 I should say something to yon in reference to the time, this 
 being the last time that possibly I may appear here. You 
 know it is not my manner to speak anything in the pulpit 
 that is extraneous to my text and business : yet this I shall 
 say, that it is not my opinion, fashion, or humeur, that keeps 
 me from complying with what is required of us ; but some- 
 thing, after much prayer, discourse, and study, yet remains 
 unsatisfied, and commands me herein. Wherefore, if it is 
 my unhappinesse not to receive such an illuminacion as should 
 direct me to do otherwise, I know no reason why men should 
 not pardon me in this world, as I am confident that God will 
 pardon me for it in the next." And so he concluded. Parson 
 Herring read a psalme and chapters before sermon ; and one 
 was the chapter in the Acts, where the story of Ananias and 
 Sapphira is. And after he had done, says he, " This is just 
 the case of England at present. God he bids us to preach, 
 and men bid us not to preach ; and if we do, we are to be 
 imprisoned and further punished. All that I can say to it is, 
 Vol. I. — 30 w 
 
314 DIARY OF [18th August 
 
 that I beg your prayers, and the prayers of all good Chris- 
 tians for us." This was all the exposition he made of the 
 chapter in these very words, and no more. I was much 
 pleased with Bates's manner of bringing in the Lord's Prayer 
 after his owne ; thus, " In whose comprehensive words we 
 sum up all our imperfect desires; saying, 'Our Father,' "&C. 1 
 I hear most of the Presbyters took their leaves to-day, and 
 that the City is much dissatisfied with it. I pray God keep 
 peace among us, and make the Bishops careful of bringing in 
 men in their rooms, or else all will fly a-pieces ; for bad ones 
 will not go down with the City. 
 
 18th. About seven o'clock, took horse, and rode to Bowe, 
 and there staid at the King's Head, and eat a breakfast of 
 eggs, till Mr. Deane, 2 of Woolwich, and I rid into Waltham 
 Forest, and there we saw many trees of the King's a-hewing ; 
 and he showed me the whole mystery of off-square, 3 wherein 
 
 1 Still often used. 
 
 2 Anthony Deane, afterwards knighted, and M.P. for Harwich ; a Commissioner 
 of the Navy, 1672. 
 
 3 Off-square is evidently a mistake, in the shorthand MS., for half-square, which 
 is explained by the following extract from W. Leybourn's Complete Surveyor, 3rd 
 edit., London, 1674, folio: — 
 
 "Before I proceed, I must needs detect one grand and too common an error; 
 for most artificers, when they meet with squared timber, whose breadth and depth 
 are unequal, they usually add the breadth and depth together, and take the half 
 for a mean square, and so proceed. This, indeed, though it be always an error, 
 yet it is not so great when the difference of the breadth and depth is not much ; 
 but, if the difference be great, the error is very obnoxious either to buyer or seller. 
 I will instance in one example: — 
 
 Let a piece of timber be 2 foot 24 parts broad, and 1 foot 30 parts deep, and 26 
 foot long : how many foot are contained therein ? 
 
 First for the true way, — 
 
 1. As 1 is to 2*24 parts, the breadth, so is V30 parts, the depth, to 3*92 parts, 
 the content at the end. 
 
 2. As 1 is to 2*92, so is 26 the length, to 56*07, the content, which is 56 foot and 
 about an inch. 
 
 Now for the customary false way, — 
 
 The breadth of the piece is . 
 
 . 2-24 
 
 The depth thereof is . . . 
 
 . 1-30 
 
 Their sum is . . . 
 
 . 3*54 
 
 The half sum is . . 
 
 . 1-77 
 
 And this 1*77 parts they take for the true square, which is egregiously false; for 
 now come to the line of numbers, and say — 
 
 1. As 1 is to 1-77 parts, so is 1'77 parts to 3-13 parts. 
 
 2. As 1 is to 3-13 parts, so is 26, the length, to 81-45 parts, that u to 81 foot 
 
1662.1 SAMUEL PEPYS. 315 
 
 the King is abused in the timber that he buys, which I shall 
 with much pleasure be able to correct. We rode to Illford, 
 and there, while dinner was getting ready, he and I practised 
 measuring of the tables and other things, till I did understand 
 measuring of timber and board very well. By and by, being 
 sent for, comes Mr. Cooper, our officer in the Forest, and did 
 give me an account of things there, and how the country is 
 backward to come in with their carts. While I am here, Sir 
 William Batten passed by in his coach, homewards from Col- 
 chester, where he had been seeing his son-in-law Lemon, that 
 lies a-dying, but I would take no notice of him, but let him 
 go. By and by rode to Barking, and there saw the place 
 where they ship this timber for Woolwich ; and so Deane and 
 I home again, and parted at Bowe, and I home just before a 
 great showre of rain, as God would have it. I find Deane a 
 pretty able man, and, I think, able to do the King service ; 
 but, I think, more out of envy to the rest of the officers of 
 the yard, of whom he complains much, than true love, more 
 than others, to the service. He would fain seem a modest 
 man, and yet will commend his own work and skill, and vie 
 with other persons, especially the Petts. 
 
 19th. At the office ; and Mr. Coventry did tells us of the 
 duell between Mr. Jermyn, 1 nephew to my Lord St. Albans, 
 and Colonel Giles Rawlins, 2 the latter of whom is killed, and 
 
 and almost half a foot, whereas, by the true way, it contains but 56 foot and '07 
 parts. The difference in this piece being 25 foot and above one-third part of a 
 foot, which is above half a load of timber, and timber being at 50s. or SI. per 
 load, here is 25s. or 30s. lost by the buyer, and gained by the seller; a consider- 
 able fallacy to buy one load, and pay for above a load and a half. But, if people 
 will be deceived, let them be deceived." 
 
 It is to be hoped that Pepys carried out his intention of putting an end to 
 the nefarious practice of cheating the King in the purchase of timber. He speaks 
 of it in good faith, and his term, mystery, simply implies his ignorance of the art 
 of measuring. With regard to Sir William Warren, the case was probably dif- 
 ferent : he made large presents to Pepys, and confesses that he perjured himself 
 before the Committee of the House of Commons, in concealing the fact. Frauds 
 in the supply of timber for the use of the Navy have been common subjects of 
 complaint at a much later period. 
 
 ' Henry Jermyn, younger nephew of the Earl of St. Albans. He was created 
 Baron Jermyn of Dover, 1685, and died in 1708, s. p. ; his eldest brother, 
 Thomas, became second Baron Jermyn of Bury St. Edmund's, on the death of 
 his uncle, the Earl of St. Albans, in 1683, and died unmarried in 1703. Thomas 
 Jermyn was Governor of Jersey. 
 
 1 See July 30, 1062, ante. 
 
gig DIARY OF [20th August* 
 
 the first mortality wounded, as it is thought. They fought 
 against Captain Thomas Howard, 1 my Lord Carlisle's brother, 
 and another unknown ; 2 who, they say, had armour on that 
 they could not be hurt, so that one of their swords went up 
 to the hilt against it. They had horses ready, and are fled. 
 But what is most strange, Howard sent one challenge before, 
 but they could not meet till yesterday at the old Pall Mall 
 at St. James's, and he would not to the last tell Jermyn what 
 the quarrel was ; nor do any body know. 3 The Court is much 
 concerned in this fray, and I am glad of it ; hoping that it 
 will cause some good laws against it. After sitting, Sir Gr. 
 Carteret did tell me how he had spoke of me to my Lord 
 Chancellor ; and that if my Lord Sandwich would ask my 
 Lord Chancellor, he should know what he had said of me to 
 him to my advantage. 
 
 20th. To my Lord Sandwich, whom I found in bed. Among 
 other talk, he do tell me that he hath put me into the com- 
 mission with a great many great persons in the business of 
 Tangier, which is a very great honour to me, and may be of 
 
 ' "Aug. 18, 1662- Capt. Thomas Howard, the Earl of Carlisle's brother, and 
 the Lord Dillon's son, a Colonel, met with Mr. Giles Rawlings, privy purse to 
 
 the D. of York, and Mr. Jermyn, the Earl of St. Albans's nephew There 
 
 had been a slight quarrel betwixt them, and as they, Rawlings and Jermyn, 
 came from tennis, these two drew at them, and then Col. Dillon killed this Mr. 
 Rawlings dead upon the spot. Mr. Jermyn was left for dead. This Capt. Howard 
 was unfortunate since the return of his Maj 7, in killing a horse-courser man in 
 St. Giles. Mr. Rawlings was much lamented; he lived in a very handsome 
 state, six horses in his coach, three footmen, <fcc. Oct. Capt. Thomas Howard, 
 and Lord Dillon's son, both of them fled about the killing of Mr. Giles Rawlings j 
 "but after a quarter of a year they came into England, and were acquitted by 
 law." — Rugge's Diurnal. Captain Howard afterwards married the Duchess of 
 Richmond. 
 
 9 Lord Dillon's son, apparently Charles, eldest eon of James, fourth Viscount 
 Dillon. He had served abroad, and died, unmarried, before his father. It may 
 have been from feelings caused by this duel that one of his younger brothers, 
 Rupert, whilst Page of Honour to Charles II., "being from his address and 
 figure considered an object of envy, was set upon, says the pedigree, by the 
 other pages, and slain in the Palace Yard." — Lodge, iv., 189. 
 
 3 Hamilton gives the following account of the duel, which arose from rivalry 
 between Howard and Jermyn about Lady Shrewsbury: — "Jermyn prit pour 
 second, Giles Rawlings, homme de bonne fortune, et gros joueur. Howard so 
 eervit de Dillon, adroit et brave, fort honne'te homme, et par malheur intime 
 ami de Rawlings. Dans ce combat, la fortune ne fut point pour les favoris de 
 l'amour. Le pauvre Rawlings y fut tue" tout roide, et Jermyn, percS de trois 
 coups d'€pe*e, fut porte 1 chez son oncle, avec fort peu de signes de vie." — M4m d* 
 Grammont. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 317 
 
 good concernment to me. By and by comes in Mr. Coventry 
 to us, whom my Lord tells that he is also put into the com- 
 mission, and that I am there, of which he said he was glad ; 
 and did tell my Lord that I was indeed the life of this office, 
 and much more to my commendation beyond measure. And 
 that, whereas before he did bear me respect for his sake, so he 
 do it now much more for my own ; which is a great blessing 
 to me : Sir G. Carteret having told me what he did yesterday 
 concerning his speaking to my Lord Chancellor about me ; so 
 that on all hands, by God's blessing, I find myself a very 
 rising man. By and by comes my Lord Peterborough in, 
 with whom we talked a. good while, and he is going to-morrow 
 towards Tangier again. I perceive there is yet good hopes of 
 peace with Guyland, 1 which is of great concernment to Tangier. 
 Meeting Mr. Townsend, he would needs take me to Fleet 
 Street, to one Mr. Barwell, squire sadler to the King, and 
 there we and several other Wardrobe-men dined. We had a 
 venison pasty, and other good, plain and handsome dishes — 
 the mistress of the house, a pretty well-carriaged woman, and 
 a fine hand she hath ; and her maid a pretty brown lass. 
 
 21st. To Mr. Rawlinson's, where my uncle Wight and my 
 aunt, and some neighbour couples, were at a very good 
 venison pasty. Hither come, after we were set down, a most 
 pretty young lady, only her hands were not white nor hand- 
 some, which pleased me well, and I found her to be sister 
 to Mrs. Anne Wight. We were good company, and had a 
 very pretty dinner. 
 
 22d. About three o'clock this morning, I waked with the 
 noise of the rayne, having never in my life heard a more 
 violent shower ; and then the catt was lockt in the chamber, 
 and kept a great mewing, and leapt upon the bed, which 
 made me I could not sleep a great while. To Westminster 
 Hall, and there I heard that old Mr. Hales 2 did lately die 
 suddenly in an hour's time. Here I met with Will Bowyer, 
 and had a promise from him of a place to stand to-morrow at 
 bis house to see the show. Sent for Mr. Creed, and then to 
 
 * A Moorish usurper, who had put himself at the head of an army for the purpose 
 of attacking Tangier. 
 
 * John Hales of Eton. 
 
 30* x 
 
318 DIARY OF [23dAugusti 
 
 his lodging, at Clerke's, the confectioner's, where he did give 
 me a little banquet, and I had liked to have begged a parrot 
 for my wife, but he hath put me in a way to get a better from 
 Steventon at Portsmouth. 
 
 23d. Mr. Coventry and I did walk together a great while in 
 the garden, where he did tell me his mind about Sir G. Carteret's 
 having so much the command of the money, which must be 
 removed ; and indeed it is the bane of all our business. He 
 observed to me also how Sir W. Batten begins to struggle 
 and to look after his business. I also put him upon getting 
 an order from tbe Duke for our inquiries into the Chest, 
 which he will see done. Mr. Creed and I walked down to 
 the Tylt Yard, and so all along Thames Street, but could 
 not get a boat : I offered eight shillings for a boat to attend 
 me this afternoon, and they would not, it being the day of 
 the Queen's coming to town from Hampton Court. So we 
 fairly walked it to White Hall, and through my Lord's lodg- 
 ings we got into White Hall garden, and so to the Bowling- 
 greene, and up to the top of the new Banqueting House there, 
 over the Thames, which was a most pleasant place as any I 
 could have got ; and all the show consisted chiefly in the 
 number of boats and barges ; and two pageants, one of a 
 King, and another of a Queen, with her Maydes of Honour 
 sitting at her feet very prettily ; and they tell me the Queen 
 is Sir Richard Ford's daughter. Anon come the King and 
 Queen in a barge, under a canopy, with 1000 barges and 
 boats I know, for we could see no water for them, nor discern 
 the King nor Queen. And so they landed at White Hall 
 Bridge, and the great guns on the other side went off. But 
 that which pleased me best was, that my Lady Castlemaine 
 stood over against us upon a piece of White Hall. But me- 
 thought it was strange to see her Lord and her upon the 
 same place walking up and down without taking notice one 
 of another, only at first entry he put off his hat, and she 
 made him a very civil salute, but afterwards took no notice one 
 of another ; but both of them now and then would take their 
 child, which the nurse held in her armes, and dandle it. One 
 thing more ; there happened a scaffold below to fall, and we 
 feared some hurt, but there was none, but she of all the great 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 319 
 
 ladies only run down among the common rabble to see -what 
 hurt was done, and did take care of a child that received 
 some little hurt, which methought was so noble. Anon there 
 come one there booted and spurred, that she talked long 
 with : and by and by, she being in her haire, she put on his 
 hat, which was but an ordinary one, to keep the wind off; 
 but it become her mightily, as every thing else do. I went 
 away, not weary with looking on her, and to my Lord's lodg- 
 ings, where my brother Tom and Dr. Thomas Pepys were to 
 speak with me : so I walked with them in the garden, and 
 was very angry with them both for their going out of town 
 without my knowledge ; and they told me the business, which 
 was to see a gentlewoman for a wife for Tom, of Mr. Cooke's 
 providing, worth 500?., of good education, her name Hobell, and 
 lives near Banbury — demands 40?. per annum joynter. Tom 
 likes her, and, they say, had a very good reception, and that 
 Cooke hath been very serviceable therein, and that she is 
 committed to old Mr. Young, of the Wardrobe's, tuition. 
 My Lord and I had half an hour's private discourse about the 
 discontents of the times, which we concluded would not come 
 to any thing of difference, though the Presbyters would be 
 glad enough of it ; but we do not think religion will so soon 
 cause another war. Then to his owne business. He asked 
 my advice there, whether he should go on to purchase more 
 land, and to borrow money to pay for it, which he is willing 
 to do, because such a bargaine as that of Mr. Buggin's of 
 Stukely will not be every day to be had, and Brampton is 
 now perfectly granted him by the King — I mean, the rever- 
 sion of it, after the Queen's death ; and, in the mean time, 
 he buys it of Sir Peter Ball his present right. Then we fell 
 to talk of Navy business ; and he concludes, as I do, that he 
 needs not put himself upon any more voyages abroad to spend 
 money, unless a war comes ; and that by keeping his family 
 a while in the country, he shall be able to gather money. 
 Here we broke off, and I bid him good night, and so, with 
 much ado, the streets being, at nine o'clock at night, crammed 
 with people going home to the city, for all the borders of the 
 river had been full of people, as the King had come, to a 
 
320 DIARY OP [27th August, 
 
 miracle, got to the Palace Yard, and there took boat, and so 
 to the OH Swan, and so walked home, and to bed very 
 weary. 
 
 24th. (Lord's day.) To church, where I all alone, and 
 found Will Griffin and Thomas Hewett got into a pew next 
 to our backs, where our mayds sit, but when I come, they 
 went out, so forward some people are to outrun themselves. 
 Here we had a lazy, dull sermon. My brother Tom come to 
 me, talking about his late journey and his mistress ; and, for 
 what he tells me, it is like to do well. To church again, 
 where Mr. Mills making a sermon upon confession, he did 
 endeavour to pull down auricular confession, but did set it up, 
 by his bad arguments against it, and advising people to come 
 to him to confess their sins, when they had any weight upon 
 their consciences, as much as is possible, which did vex me to 
 hear. Walked to my uncle Wight's : here I staid supper, 
 and much company there was ; among others, Dr. Burnett, 1 
 Mr. Cole, the lawyer, Mr. Eawlinson, and Mr. Sutton. Among 
 other things, they tell me that there hath been a disturbance 
 in a church in Friday Street ; a great many young people 
 knotting together and crying out, "Porridge !" 2 often and 
 seditiously in the church, and they took the Common Prayer 
 Book, they say, away ; and, some say, did tear it : but it is 
 a thing which appears to me very ominous. I pray God 
 avert it. 
 
 27th. Dined with Sir W. Batten. Among other stories, 
 he told us of the Mayor of Bristoll's reading a pass with the 
 bottom upwards ; and a barber that could not read, that flung 
 a letter in the kennel, when one come to desire him to read 
 
 1 A physician, residing in Penchnrch Street, who died of the plague. See 
 postea, August 25, 1665. 
 
 3 Porridge was the nickname given by the Dissenters to th6 Book of Common 
 Prayer. In the Oity HeireBB, Sir Anthony says to Sir Timothy, " Tou came 
 from church too." Sir Timothy replies, " Ah ! needs must when the devil drives. 
 I go to save my hacon, as they say, once a month ; and that, too, after the por- 
 ridge is served up." — Quoted by Genest, in Hist, of the Stage, vol. i., p. 26. 
 The meaning of this word is fully explained in a rare contemporary tract, called 
 "A Vindication of the Book of Common Prayer against the contumelious 
 slanders of the Fanatic Party, terming it Porridge." An extract from thia 
 pamphlet will be found in a note to Sir Walter Scott's Woodstock, vol. i., p. 22, 
 ed. 1834. 
 
1662.) SAMUEL PEPYS. 32J_ 
 
 the superscription, saying, " Do you think I stand here to 
 read letters?" This day my hogshead of sherry I have sold 
 to Sir W. Batten, and am glad of my money instead of my 
 wine. 
 
 31st. (Lord's day.) News is brought me that Sir W. Pen 
 is come. Made my monthly accounts, and find myself worth 
 in money about 686?. 19s. 2%d., for which God be praised. I. 
 now saving money, and my expenses being very little. My 
 wife is still in the country ; my house all in dirt ; but my work 
 in a good forwardness, and will be much to my mind at last. 
 To Mr. Rawlinson's, and there supped with him. Our dis- 
 course of the discontents that are abroad, among and by 
 reason of the Presbyters. Some were clapped up to-day, and 
 strict watch is kept in the City by the train-bands, and 
 abettors of a plot are taken. God preserve us ! for all these 
 things bode very ill. 
 
 September 1st. "With Sir W. Batten and Sir W. Pen by 
 coach to St. James's, this being the first day of our meeting 
 there by the Duke's order ; but when we come, we found him 
 going out by coach with his Duchess, and he told us he was 
 to go abroad with the Queen to-day, to Durdans, it seems, to 
 dine with my Lord Barkeley 1 [of Barkeley], where I have 
 been very merry, when I was a little boy ; so we went and 
 staid a little at Mr. Coventry's chamber, and I to my Lord 
 Sandwich's, who is gone to wait upon the King and Queen 
 to-day. 
 
 3d. After dinner, we met and sold the Weymouth, Suc- 
 cesse, and Fellowship hulkes, where pleasant to see how back- 
 ward men are at first to bid ; and yet, when the candle is 
 going out, how they bawl, and dispute afterwards who bid the 
 most first. And here I observed one man cunninger than the 
 rest, that was sure to bid the last man, and to carry it ; and, * 
 inquiring the reason, he told me that, just as the flame goes 
 out, the smoke descends, which is a thing I never observed 
 before, and by that he do know the instant when to bid last. 
 Mr. Coventry told us how the Fanatiques and Presbyters, that 
 did intend to rise about this time, did choose this day as the 
 
 1 Lord Berkeley's seat, near Epsom. 
 
£22 DIARY OF [4th Sept 
 
 most auspicious to them in their endeavours against monarchy . 
 it being fatal twice to the King, and the day of Oliver's 
 death. 1 But, blessed be God! all is likely to be quiet, I 
 hope. Dr. Fairebrother tells me, what I heard confirmed 
 since, that it was fully resolved by the King's new Council 
 that an Indulgence should be granted the Presbyters ; but 
 upon the Bishop of London's 2 speech (who is now one of the 
 most powerful men in England with the King,) their minds 
 were wholly turned. And it is said that my Lord Albemarle 
 did oppose him most ; but that I do believe is only an appear- 
 ance. He told me also that most of the Presbyters now begin 
 to wish they had complied, now they see that no Indulgence 
 will be granted them, which they hoped for ; and that the 
 Bishop of London hath taken good care that places are sup- 
 plied with very good and able men, which is the only thing 
 that will keep all quiet. 
 
 4th. At noon to the Trinity House, where we treated, very 
 dearly, I believe, the officers of the Ordnance ; where was Sir 
 W. Compton and the Lieutenant of the Tower. We had 
 much and good musique, which was my best entertainment. 
 Sir William Compton I heard talk, with great pleasure, of the 
 difference between the fleet now and in Queen Elizabeth's 
 days ; where, in '88, she had but 36 sail, great and small, in 
 the world ; and ten rounds of powder was their allowance at 
 that time against the Spaniard. 3 After Sir W. Compton, and 
 Mr. Coventry, and some of the best of the rest were gone, I 
 grew weary of staying with Sir Williams both, and the more 
 for that my Lady Batten and her crew — at least half a score 
 come into the room, and I believe we shall pay size for it ; 
 but 'tis very pleasant to see her in her haire under her hood, 
 and how by little and little she would fain be a gallant ; bat, 
 
 1 Cromwell had considered the 3rd of September as the most fortunate day of 
 his life, on account of his victories at Dunbar and Worcester. It was also 
 remarkable for the great storm that occurred at the time of his death ; and 
 as being the day on which the Fire of London, in 1666, burnt with the greatest 
 fury. 
 
 3 Gilbert Sheldon. 
 
 8 See Bruce's Reports, in 1798, on the measures adopted against the invasioo 
 «f .England in 1588, printed for the use of the Privy Council. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 323 
 
 Lord! the company she keeps about her are like terself, that 
 she may be known by them what she is. 
 
 5th. By water to Woolwich: in my way saw the yacht 
 lately built by our Virtuosoes (my Lord Brouncker and others, 
 with the help of Commissioner Pett also,) set out from Green- 
 wich with the little Dutch bezan, to try for mastery ; and 
 before they go to Woolwich, the Dutch beat them half-a-mile ; 
 and I hear this afternoon, that, in coming home, it got 
 above three miles ; which all our people are glad of. To Mr. 
 Bland's, the merchant, by invitation ; where I found all the 
 officers of the Customs, very grave fine gentlemen, and I am 
 very glad to know them ; viz. — Sir Job Harvey, Sir John 
 Wolstenholme, 1 Sir John Jacob, 2 Sir Nicholas Crisp, Sir John 
 Harrison, 3 and Sir John Shaw : i very good company. And 
 among other discourse, some was of Sir Jerome Bowes, Em- 
 bassador from Queen Elizabeth to the Emperor of Russia ; " 
 who, because some of the noblemen there would go up-stairs 
 to the Emperor before him, he would not go up till the Em- 
 peror had ordered those two men to be dragged down-stairs, 
 with their heads knocking upon every stair till they were 
 killed. And when he was come up, they demanded his 
 sword of him before he entered the room. He told them, if 
 they would have his sword, they should have his boots too. 
 And so caused his boots to be pulled off, and his night-gown 
 and night-cap and slippers to be sent for; and made the 
 Emperor stay till he could go in his night-dress, since he 
 might not go as a soldier. And lastly, when the Emperor in 
 
 1 Sir John Wolstenholme; created a Baronet, 1664. An intimate friend of Lord 
 Clarendon's ; and Collector outward for the Port of London. Ob. 1679. 
 
 'Sir John Jacob, of Bromley, Middlesex; created a Baronet, 1664, for his 
 loyalty and zeal for the Royal Family. His third wife was a daughter of Sir John 
 Ashburnham. Ob. 1665-6. 
 
 " Of Balls, Herts. 
 
 * Sir John Shaw, a Farmer of the Customs, was created a Baronet, in 1665, 
 for his services in lending the King large sums of money during his exile. Ob. 
 1679-80. 
 
 6 In 1583 ; the object of his mission being to persuade the Muscovite (Ivan IV. 
 The Terrible) to a peace with John, King of Sweden. He was also employed to 
 confirm the trade of the English with Russia, and having incurred some personal 
 danger, was received with favour on his return by the Queen. He died in 1616. 
 There is a portrait of him in Lord Suffolk's Gallery at Charlton. 
 
324 DIARY OP [7th Sept. 
 
 contempt, to show his command of his subjects, did command 
 one to leap from the window down, and broke his neck in 
 the sight of our Embassador, he replied that his mistress did 
 set more by, and did make better use of the necks of her 
 subjects : but said that, to show what her subjects would do 
 for her, he would, and did, fling down his gantlett before the 
 Emperor ; and challenged all the nobility there to take it up, 
 in defence of the Emperor against his Queen : for which, at 
 this very day, the name of Sir Jerome Bowes is famous and 
 honoured there. I this day heard that Mr. Martin Noel 1 is 
 knighted by the King, which I much wonder at ; but yet he 
 is certainly a very useful man. 
 
 6th. To the Trinity House, where we had at dinner a 
 couple of venison pasties, of which I eat but little, being 
 almost cloyed, having been at five pasties in three days. 
 
 7th. (Lord's day.) To White Hall Chapell, where I heard 
 a good sermon of the Deane of Ely's, 2 upon returning to the 
 old ways. Home with Mr. Eox and his lady; and there 
 dined with them, where much company come to them. Most 
 of our discourse was what ministers are flung out that will 
 not conform : and the care of the Bishop of London that we 
 are here supplied with very good men. Meeting Mr. Pierce, 
 the chyrurgeon, he took me into Somersett House ; and there 
 carried me into the Queen-mother's presence-chamber, where 
 she was, with our Queen sitting on her left hand, whom I 
 never did see before ; and though she be not very charming, 
 yet she hath a good, modest, and innocent look, which is 
 pleasing. Here I also saw Madame Castlemaine, and, which 
 pleased me most, Mr. Crofts, 3 the King's bastard, a most 
 
 1 The Council of State sitting at Whitehall, says Lilly (Life, p. 124), had no 
 knowledge of what was passing out of doors, until Sir Martin Noel, a discreet 
 citizen, came about nine at night, and informed them thereof. From this notice, 
 Noel has been considered as the original of the messenger who brings the news of 
 the burning of the Rumps, so admirably related in Hudibras, part iii., canto 11, L 
 1497. We know nothing further about Sir Martin, except that he was a scrivener, 
 and that Pepys records his death of the plague, in 1665. His son, of the same 
 name, was knighted in November, 1665. 
 
 1 Francis Wilford, D. D., Master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, made 
 Dean of Ely, 20th May, 1 662. He died in July, 1667, being then Vice-Chancellor, 
 und was buried in the chapel of his college. 
 
 3 James, the son of Charles II. by Lucy Waters, daughter of Richard Water* 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 325 
 
 pretty sparke of about fifteen years old, -who, I perceive, do 
 hang much upon my Lady Castlemaine, and is always with 
 her ; and, I hear, the Queens both are mighty kind to him. 
 By and by in comes the King, and anon the Duke and his 
 Duchess ; so that, they being all together, was such a sight 
 as I never could almost have happened to see with so much 
 ease and leisure. They staid till it was dark, and then went^ 
 away ; the King and his Queen, and my Lady Castlemaine 
 and young Crofts, in one coach, and the rest in other coaches. 
 Here were great store of great ladies, but very few handsome. 
 The King and Queen were very merry ; and he would have 
 made the Queen-Mother believe that his Queen was with 
 child, and said that she said so. And the young Queen 
 answered, " You lye ;" which was the first English word that 
 I ever heard her say : which made the King good sport ; 
 and he would have made her say in English, " Confess and 
 be hanged." 
 
 8th. With Mr. Coventry to the Duke ; who, after he was 
 out of his bed, did send for us in ; and, when he was quite 
 ready, took us into his closet, and there told us that he do 
 intend to renew the old custom for the Admirals to have their 
 principal officers to meet them once a-week, to give them an 
 account what they have done that week; which I am glad of: 
 and so the rest did tell his Royal Highness that I could do it 
 best for the time past. And so I produced my short notes, 
 and did give him an account of all that we have of late done ; 
 and proposed to him several things for his commands, which 
 he did give us, and so dismissed us. 
 
 10th. Up, and to my house, and there contrived a way how 
 Sir John Minnes shall come into the leads, and yet I save 
 part of the closet I hoped for, which, if it will not please him, 
 I am a madman to be troubled at it. 
 
 12th. This day, by letters from my father, I hear that 
 Captain Ferrers, who is with my Lord in the country, was at 
 
 of Haverfordwest, who bore the name of Crofts till he was created Duke of 
 Monmouth in 1662, previously to his marriage with Lady Anne Scott, daughter 
 to Francis, Earl of Buccleuch ; from which match the present Duke of Buccleuch 
 descends. 
 
 • Vol. I.— 31 
 
g26 DIARY OF [16th Sept. 
 
 Brampton, with Mr. Creed, to see him ; a day or two ago, 
 being provoked to strike one of my Lord's footmen, the foot- 
 man drew his sword, and hath almost cut the fingers of one 
 of his hands off; which I am very sorry for : but this is the 
 vanity of being apt to command and strike. 
 
 14th. (Lord's day.) By water to White Hall, by the way, 
 hearing that the Bishop of London had given a very strict 
 order against boats going on Sundays, and as I come back 
 again, we were examined by the masters of the company, in 
 another boat ; but I told them, who I was . To White Hall 
 chapel, where sermon almost done, and I heard Captain 
 Cooke's new musique. This the first day of having vialls and 
 other instruments to play a symphony between every verse of 
 the anthems ; but the musique more full than it was the last 
 Sunday, and very fine it is. But yet I could discern Captain 
 Cooke to overdo his part at singing, which I never did before. 
 Thence up into the Queen's presence, and there saw the Queen 
 again as I did last Sunday, and some fine ladies with her ; 
 but, by my troth, not many. Thence to Sir G. Carteret's, 
 and find him to have sprained his foot, and is lame, but yet 
 hath been at chappell, and my Lady much troubled for one 
 of her daughters that is sick. I dined with them, and a very 
 pretty lady, their kinswoman, with them. My joy is, that I 
 do think I have good hold on Sir George and Mr. Coventry. 
 
 15th. By water with Sir William Pen to White Hall; 
 and, with much ado, was fain to walk over the piles through 
 the bridge, while Sir W. Batten and Sir J. Minnes were 
 aground against the bridge, and could not in a great while 
 get through. At White Hall we hear that the Duke of 
 York is gone a-hunting to-day ; and so we returned : they 
 going to the Duke of Albemarle's, where I left them, after 
 I had observed a very good picture or two there. 
 
 16th. My wife writes me from the country, that she is not 
 pleased there with my father, nor mother, nor any of her 
 servants, and that my boy is turned a very rogue. I have 
 SOL to pay to the cavaliers : then a doubt about my being 
 forced to leave all my business here, when I am called to the 
 court at Brampton ; and, lastly, my law businesses, which 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 327 
 
 vex me to my heart what I shall be able to do next terme, 
 which is near at hand. 
 
 18th. At noon, Sir G. Carteret, Mr. Coventry, and I by in- 
 vitation to dinner to Sheriff Meynell's, 1 the great money-man ; 
 he, and Alderman Backewell, and much noble and brave com- 
 pany, with the privilege of their rare discourse, which is great 
 content to me above all other things in the world ; and after 
 a great dinner and much discourse, we took leave. Among 
 other discourses, speaking concerning the great charity used 
 in Catholique countrys, Mr. Ashburnham did tell us, that this 
 last year, there being a great want of corne in Paris, and so 
 a collection made for the poor, there was two pearles brought 
 in, nobody knew from whom, till the Queen, seeing them, knew 
 whose they were, but did not discover it, which were sold 
 for 200,000 crownes. 
 
 19th. To Deptford and Woolwich yard. At night, after I 
 had eaten a cold pullet, I walked by brave moonshine, with 
 three or four armed men, to guard me, to Redriffe — it being 
 a joy to my heart to think of the condition that I was now 
 in, that people should of themselves provide this for me, un- 
 spoke to. I hear this walk is dangerous to walk by night, 
 and much robbery committed here. 
 
 20th. To-night, my barber sent me his man to trim me, 
 who did live in King Streete in Westminster lately, and tells 
 me that three or four that I knew in that streete, tradesmen, 
 are lately fallen mad, and some of them dead, and the others 
 continue mad. They live all within a door or two one of 
 another. 
 
 21st. (Lord's day.) To the Parke. The Queen coming by 
 
 * Alderman Francis Meynell was a goldsmith and banker in London, and then 
 one of the Sheriffs. He was the third son of Godfrey Meynell, of Willington, in 
 Derbyshire, and died in 1666 ; his father was buried at Langley, in that county, 
 where their descendants still possess property. Hugo Charles Ingram Meynell, 
 of Hoare Cross, Staffordshire, and Temple Newsome near Leeds, is the present 
 representative of the family. Sir W. Dugdale, in his Diary, mentions his having 
 defaced the achievements which had been hung up at Bradley, in Derbyshire, 
 where the Alderman was interred ; not, as it would seem, from any doubt as to 
 that gentleman being entitled to bear arms, but because a London painter had 
 been employed to blazon the shield, who had not obtained the sanction of the 
 Heralds' Office, and thereby excited their jealousy, at a moment when their occu- 
 pation was on the decline. 
 
328 DIARY OF [24th Sept 
 
 in her coach, going to her chapel at St. James's, the first time 
 that it hath been ready for her, I crowded after her, and I 
 got up to the room where her closet is ; and there stood and 
 saw the fine altar, ornaments, and the fryers in their habits, 
 and the priests come in with their fine crosses and many 
 other fine things. I heard their musique too ; which may be 
 good, but it did not appear so to me, neither as to their 
 manner of singing, nor was it good concord to my ear, what- 
 ever the matter was. The Queen very devout ; but what pleased 
 me best was to see my dear Lady Castlemaine, who, though 
 a Protestant, did wait upon the Queen to chapel. By and 
 by, after masse was done, a fryer with his cowl did rise up 
 and preach a sermon in Portuguese ; which I not understand- 
 ing, did go away, and to the King's chapel, but that was 
 done ; and so up to the Queen's presence-chamber, where 
 she and the King were expected to dine : but she, staying at 
 St. James's, they were forced to remove the things to the 
 King's presence [chamber] ; and there he dined alone, and I 
 with Mr. Fox very finely ; but I see I must not make too 
 much of that liberty for my honour sake only — not but that 
 I am very well received. 
 
 22d. Up betimes, hastening to get things ready against 
 my wife's coming. Walked to Greatorex's, and have bespoke 
 a weather-glasse of him. Thence to my Lord Crewe's, and 
 dined with the servants, he having dined ; and so, after dinner, 
 up to him, and sat an hour talking with him of publique, and 
 my Lord's private businesses, with much content. 
 
 23d. Sir G. Carteret told me how in most cabaretts in 
 France they have writ upon the walls in fair letters to be read, 
 "Dieu te regarde," as a good lesson to be in every man's 
 mind, and have also in Holland their poor's box ; in both 
 which places, at the making all contracts and bargains they 
 give so much, which they call God's penny. 1 
 
 24th. To my Lord Crewe's, and there dined alone with 
 him ; and, among other things, he do advise me by all means 
 to keep my Lord Sandwich from proceeding too far in the busi- 
 ness of Tangier. First, for that he is confident the King will 
 
 1 Pepys himself gives an account of this custom : see May IS, 1660 ante. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 329 
 
 not be able to find money for the building of the Male ; and 
 next, for that it is to be done, as we propose it, by the reduc- 
 ing of the garrison ; and then, either my Lord must oppose 
 the Duke of York, who will have the Irish regiment under 
 the command of Fitzgerald continued, or else my Lord Peter- 
 borough, who is concerned to have the English continued ; 
 but he, it seems, is gone back again merely upon my Lord 
 Sandwich's encouragement. Thence to Mr. Wotton, the 
 shoemaker's, and there bought a pair of boots — cost me 30s. ; 
 and he told me how Bird : had lately broke his leg, while he 
 was dancing in "Aglaura" 2 upon the stage; and that the 
 new theatre of all will be ready against terme. I hear that 
 I have the name of good-natured man among the poor people 
 that come to the office. 
 
 25th. I did hear how the woman, formerly nurse to Mrs. 
 Lemon (Sir W. Batten's daughter), her child was torn to 
 pieces by two dogs at Walthamstow this week, and is dead, 
 which is very strange. 
 
 27th. My wife's chamber put into a good readiness against 
 her coming, which she did at night; for Will did, by my 
 leave, go to meet her upon the road, and at night did bring 
 me word she was come to my brother's, by my order. So I 
 went thither to her. Being come, I found her, and her maid, 
 and her dog very well, and herself grown a little fatter than 
 she was. And I perceive she likes Brampton House and seat 
 better than ever I did myself ; and tells me how my Lord hath 
 drawn a plot of some alterations to be made there, and hath 
 brought it up, which I saw, and like well. I perceive my 
 Lord and Lady have been very kind to her. 
 
 28th. (Lord's day.) To the French Church at the Savoy, 
 and there they have the Common Prayer Book read in French, 
 and, which I never saw before, the minister do preach with 
 his hat off, I suppose in further conformity with our Church. 
 
 29th. (Michaelmas day.) This day my oaths for drinking 
 of wine and going to plays are out ; and so I do resolve to 
 take a liberty to-day, and then to fall to them again. To 
 
 1 Should be Nicholas Burt, the actor. 
 3 A tragi-comedy, by Sir John Suckling. 
 
 31* 
 
330 DIARY OP [2d Oct. 
 
 Mr. Coventry's, and so with him and Sir W. Pen up to the 
 Duke, where the King come also, and staid till the Duke was 
 ready. It being Collar-day, we had no time to talk with him 
 about any business. To the King's Theatre, where we saw 
 "Midsummer's Night's Dream," which I had never seen 
 before, nor shall ever again, for it is the most insipid, ridicu- 
 lous play that ever I saw in my life. Home, where I find 
 Mr. Deane, of Woolwich, hath sent me the modell he had pro- 
 mised me ; but it so far exceeds my expectations, that I am 
 sorry almost he should make such a present to no greater a 
 person, but I am exceedingly glad of it, and shall study to do 
 him a courtesy for it. 
 
 30th. To the Duke's play-house, where we saw "The 
 Duchess of Malfy" 1 well performed, but Betterton and 
 Ianthe [Mrs. Betterton] to admiration. Strange to see how 
 easily my mind do revert to its former practice of loving 
 plays and wine ; but this night I have again bound myself to 
 Christmas next. I have also made up this evening my 
 monthly ballance, and find that, notwithstanding the loss of 
 SOI. to be paid to the loyall and necessitous cavaliers by act 
 of Parliament, yet I am worth about 680Z., for which the 
 Lord God be praised. My condition at present is this : — I 
 have long been building, and my house, to my great content, 
 is now almost done. My Lord Sandwich has lately been in 
 the country, and very civil to my wife, and hath himself spent 
 some pains in drawing a plot of some alterations in our house 
 there, which I shall follow as I get money. As for the office, 
 my late industry hath been such, as I am become as high in 
 reputation as any man there, and good hold I have of Mr. 
 Coventry and Sir G. Carteret, which I am resolved, and it is 
 necessary for me, to maintain, by all fair means. Things are 
 all quiet. The late outing of the Presbyterian clergy, by their 
 not renouncing the Covenant as the Act of Parliament com- 
 mands, is the greatest piece of state now in discourse. But, 
 for ought I see, they are gone out very peaceably, and the 
 people not so much concerned therein as was expected. 
 
 October 2d. At night, hearing that there was a play at 
 
 ' A tragedy, by John Webster. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PBPTS. 331 
 
 the Cockpit, and my Lord Sandwich, who come to town last 
 night, at it, I do go thither, and by very great fortune did 
 follow four or five gentlemen who were carried to a little pri- 
 vate door in the wall, and so crept through a narrow place, 
 nnd come into one of the boxes next the King's, but so as I 
 could not see the King or Queen, but many of the fine ladies, 
 who yet are really not so handsome generally as I used to 
 take them to be, but that they are finely dressed. Then we 
 saw "The Cardinall," 1 a tragedy I had never seen before, 
 nor is there any great matter in it. The company that come 
 in with me into the box were all Frenchmen, that could 
 speak no English ; but Lord ! what sport they made to ask a 
 pretty lady that they got among them, that understood both 
 French and English, to make her tell them what the actors 
 said. 
 
 4th. Examining the particulars of the miscarriage of the 
 Satisfaction, sunk the other day on the Dutch coast, through 
 the negligence of the pilott. 
 
 5th. (Lord's day.) I to church ; and this day the parson 
 has got one to read with a surplice on. I suppose himself 
 will take it up hereafter, for a cunning fellow he is as any of 
 his coate. 
 
 6th. To White Hall with Mr. Coventry, and so to my 
 Lord Sandwich's lodgings ; but my Lord not within, being at 
 a ball this night with the King at my Lady Castlemaine's, at 
 next door. 
 
 7th. To my Lord's, and there I left money for Captain 
 Ferrers to buy me two bands. 
 
 8th. To my Lord Sandwich's, and, among other things, to 
 my extraordinary joy, he did tell me how much I was beholding 
 to the Duke of York, who did yesterday of his own accord tell 
 him that he did thank him for one person brought into the 
 Navy, naming myself, and much more to my commendation, 
 which is the greatest comfort and encouragement that ever I 
 had in my life, and do owe it all to Mr. Coventry's goodness 
 and ingenuity. At night by coach to my Lord's again, but 
 he is at "Whitehall with the King, before whom the puppet 
 
 1 A tragi- comedy, by James Shirley. 
 
332 DIARY OF [10th Oct. 
 
 plays I saw this summer, in Covent-garden, are acted this 
 night. My scallop, 1 bought and got made by Captain Ferrers' 
 lady, is sent, and I brought it home — a very neat one. It 
 cost me about 2>l., and SI. more I have given him to buy me 
 another. 
 
 0th. Up early to get me ready for my journey. To the 
 office ; and I bid them adieu for a -week, having the Duke's 
 leave got me by Mr. Coventry, to whom I did give thanks for 
 my news yesterday of the Duke's words to my Lord Sandwich 
 concerning me, which he took well ; and do tell me so freely 
 his love and value of me, that my mind is now in as great 
 a state of quiet, as to my interest in the office, as I could 
 ever wish to be. Between one and two o'clock got on horse- 
 back at our back gate, with my man Will with me, both well 
 mounted on two grey horses. "We got to Ware before night ; 
 and so I resolved to ride on to Puckeridge, which we did, 
 though the way was bad, and the evening dark before we got 
 thither, by help of company riding before us ; among others, a 
 gentleman that took up at the same inn, his name Mr. Brian, 
 with whom I supped, and was very good company, and a 
 scholar. He tells me, that it is believed the Queen is with 
 child, for that the coaches are ordered to ride very easily 
 through the streets. 
 
 10th. Up, and between eight and nine mounted again ; but 
 my feet so swelled with yesterday's pain, that I could not get 
 on my boots, which vexed me to the blood, but was forced to 
 pay 4s. for a pair of old shoes of my landlord's, and so rid in 
 shoes to Cambridge ; the way so good that I got very well 
 thither, and set up at the Beare : and there my cozen Angier 
 come to me, and I must needs to his house ; and there found 
 Dr. Fairbrother, with a good dinner. But, above all, he 
 telling me that this day there is a Congregation for the choice 
 of some officers in the University, he after dinner gets me a 
 gowne, cap, and hoode, and carries me to the Schooles, where 
 Mr. Pepper, my brother's tutor, and this day chosen Proctor, 
 did appoint a M.A. to lead me into the Regent House, where 
 
 1 A laee band, the edges of which were indented with segments of circles, so 
 as to resemble a scallop-shell. 
 
'682.J SAMUEL PEPYS. 333 
 
 I sat with them, and did vote by subscribing papers thus : 
 "Ego Samuel Pepys eligo Magistrum Bernardum Skelton," 1 
 and, which was more strange, my old schoolfellow and 
 acquaintance, and who afterwards did take notice of me, and 
 we spoke together, " alterum h taxatoribus hujus Academiae 
 in annum sequentem." The like I did for one Briggs, for 
 the other Taxor, and for other officers, as the Vice-Proctor, 
 (Mr. Covell) for Mr. Pepper, and which was the gentleman 
 that did carry me into the Regent House. This being done, 
 I did with much content return to my cozen Angier's. Thence 
 to Trinity Hall with Dr. John Pepys, who tells me that [his] 
 brother Roger has gone out of town to keep a Court : and so 
 I was forced to go to Impington, to take such advice as my 
 old uncle and his son Claxton could give me. By and by 
 after supper comes in, unlooked for, my cozen Roger, with 
 whom I discoursed largely, and he tells me plainly that it is 
 my best way to study a composition with my uncle Thomas, 
 for that law will not help us, and that it is but a folly to 
 flatter ourselves. 
 
 11th. Up betimes, and after a little breakfast, and a very 
 poor one, like our supper, and such as I cannot feed on, 
 because of my she-cozen Claxton's gouty hands ; and after 
 Roger had carried me up and down his house and orchards, 
 to show me them, I mounted, and rode to Huntingdon, and 
 so to Brampton, where I found my father and two brothers, 
 my mother and sister. I walked up and down the house and 
 garden, and find my father's alteracions very handsome. Rid 
 to Hinchingbroke (Will with me), and there to my Lady's 
 chamber and saw her, but staid not long. 
 
 12th. (Lord's day.) Made myself fine with Captain 
 Ferrers's lace band, being loth to wear my own new scallop, it 
 is so fine ; and after the barber had clone with us, to church, 
 where I saw most of the gentry of the parish ; among others, 
 Mrs. Hanbury, a proper lady, and Mr. Bernard and his Lady, 
 with her father, my late Lord St. John, 2 who looks now like 
 
 * Afterwards agent in Holland for James II., who made use of him to inveigle 
 over to England the Duke of Monmouth. 
 3 Oliver St. John, one of Cromwell's Lords, and Chief Justice; and therefore, 
 
 T 
 
^34 DIARY OF [14th Oofc 
 
 a very plain, grave man. Mr. Wells preached a pretty good 
 sermon, and they say he is pretty well in his wits again. 
 
 13th. Up to Hinchingbroke, and there, with Mr. Shepley, 
 did look all over the house, and I do, I confess, like well of 
 the alterations, and do like the staircase; but there being 
 nothing done to make the outside more regular and moderner, 
 I am not satisfied with it, but do think it to be too much to 
 be laid out upon it. Thence he to St. Ives Market, and I to 
 Sir Robert Bernard's for council, having a letter from my 
 Lord Sandwich to that end. He do promise to put off my 
 uncle's admittance, if he can fairly. With my father took a 
 melancholy walk to Portholme, seeing the country-maids 
 milking their cowes there, they being there now at grasse, 
 and to see with what mirth they come all home together in 
 pomp with their milk, and sometimes they have musique go 
 before them. So back home again. 
 
 14th. Up, about nine o'clock, to the court at the Lordshipp, 
 where the jury was called ; and, there being vacancies, they 
 would have my father, in respect to him, [to] have been one 
 of tbe Homage, but he thought fit to refuse it, he not knowing 
 enough the customs of the town. They being sworne, and 
 the charge given them, they fell to our business, finding the 
 heire-at-law to be my uncle Thomas : but Sir Robert [Bernard] 
 did tell them that he had seen how the estate was devised to my 
 father by my uncle's will, according to the custom of the 
 Manour, which they would have denied, first, that it was not 
 according to the custom of the Manour, proposing some difficul- 
 ties about the half acre of land which is given the heire-at-law 
 according to custome, which did put me into great fear, lest it 
 might not [have] become my uncle's possession at his death. 
 But the steward, as he promised me, did find pretensions very 
 kindly and readily to put off their admittance, by which I find 
 they are much defeated, and if ever, I hope, will now listen to a 
 treaty and agreement with us, at our meeting at London : so 
 
 after the Restoration, properly called "My late Lord." His third daughter, Eliza- 
 beth, by his second wife, daughter of Henry Cromwell, of Upwood, uncle to the 
 Protector, married John Bernard, who became a baronet on the death of his father, 
 Bir Robert, and was M.P. for Huntingdon. Ob. 1689. There is a monument to 
 bis memory in Brampton Church, Huntingdonshire. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 335 
 
 they took their leaves of the steward and Court, and went 
 away. My father and I home with great content to dinner ; 
 my mind now as full against the afternoon business, which we 
 sat upon after dinner at the court. To the Court, and did sue 
 out a recovery, and cut off the intayle; and my brothers 
 there, to join therein. And my father and I admitted to all 
 the lands ; he for life, and I for myself and heirs in reversion. 
 I did with most compleat joy of mind go from the Court with 
 my father home, and in a quarter of an houre did get on 
 horseback, with my brother Tom, Cooke, and Will, all 
 mounted, and, without eating, or drinking, take leave of my 
 father, mother, Pall, to whom I did give 10s., but have shown 
 no kind of kindness since I come, for I find her so very ill- 
 natured, that I cannot love her, and she so cruel an hypocrite, 
 that she can cry when she pleases, and John and I away, 
 calling in at Hinchingbroke, and taking leave in three words 
 of my Lady, and the young ladies ; and so by moonlight to 
 Cambridge, whither we come at about nine o'clock, and took 
 up at the Beare. 
 
 15th. Waked very early ; and when it was time, did call 
 up Will, and we rose, and musique (with a bandore for the 
 base) did give me a levett j 1 and so we got ready ; and while 
 breakefast was providing, showed Mr. Cooke King's College 
 Chapel, Trinity College and St. John's College Library ; and 
 that being done, to our inn again ; where I met Dr. Fair- 
 brother. He told us how the room we were in was the room 
 where Cromwell and his associated officers did begin to plot 
 and act their mischiefs in these counties. Took leave of all, 
 and begun our journey about nine o'clock, the roads being 
 every where but bad ; but, finding our horses in good case, we 
 even made shift to reach London, though both of us very weary. 
 Found all things well, there happening nothing, since our going'' 
 to my discontent, in the least degree ; which do also please me, 
 that I cannot but bless God for my journey, observing a whole 
 course of successe from the beginning to the end of it. 
 
 16th. I rose in good temper, finding a good chimney-piece 
 made in my upper dining-room, chamber, and the dining-room 
 
 1 A blast of trumpets, iDtended as a reveilUe. 
 
336 DIARY OF [19th Oct. 
 
 wainscoate in a good forwardness. I hear Mr. Moore is in a 
 fair way of recovery, and Sir H. Bennet 1 is made Secretary 
 of state in Sir Edward Nicholas's stead ; not known whether 
 by consent or not. 
 
 17th. To Creed's chamber, and there sat a good while, 
 and drank chocolate. Here I am told how things go at 
 Court ; that the young men get uppermost, and the old 
 serious lords are out of favour; that Sir H. Bennet being 
 brought into Sir Edward Nicholas's place, Sir Charles 
 Barkeley" is made Privy Purse; a most vicious person, and 
 one whom Mr. Pierce, the surgeon, did tell me that he 
 offered his wife 300?. per annum to be his mistress. He also 
 told me, that none in Court hath more the King's eare now 
 than Sir Charles Barkeley, and Sir H. Bennet and my Lady 
 Castlemaine, whose interest is now as great as ever ; and that 
 Mrs. Haselrigge, the great beauty, is now brought to bed, 
 and lays it to the King or the Duke of York. 3 He tells me, 
 a4so, that my Lord St. Albans is like to be Lord Treasurer : 
 all which things do trouble me much. 
 
 19th. (Lord's day.) Put on my first new lace-band ; and 
 so neat it is, that I am resolved my great expence shall be 
 lace-bands, and it will set off any thing else the more. To see 
 Mr. Moore, who recovers well ; and his doctor coming to him 
 — one Dr. Merrit 4 — we had some of his very good discourse 
 of anatomy and other things, very pleasant. I am sorry to 
 hear that the news of the selling of Dunkirke is taken so 
 generally ill, as I find it is among the merchants ; and other 
 things, as removal of officers at Court, good for worse ; and 
 all things else made much worse in their report among people 
 than they are. And this night, I know not upon what ground, 
 the gates of the City ordered to be all shut, and double guards 
 
 1 Created Baron of Arlington, 1663, and Viscount Thetford and Earl of Arling- 
 ton, 1672; he was also K.G., and Chamberlain to the King. Ob. 1685. His 
 daughter and sole heir married the first Duke of Grafton. 
 
 5 Created Lord Berkeley of Ratbdown, and Viscount Fitzharding (Irish honours) 
 •oon afterwards, and, in 1664, Baron Bottetourt, and Earl of Falmouth, in 
 England. He was the second son of Sir Charles Berkeley, of Bruton. 
 
 3 The child was owned by neither of the royal brothers. 
 
 4 Christopher Merret, M.D., a native of Gloucestershire, author of several 
 works on medicine ani natural history: ob. 1695. 
 
1662.1 SAMUEL PBPYS. 337 
 
 every where. Indeed, I do find every body s spirit very full 
 of trouble ; and the things of the Court and Council very ill 
 taken; so as to be apt to appear in bad colours, if there 
 should ever be a beginning of trouble, which God forbid ! 
 
 20th. In Sir J. Minnes's coach, with him and Sir W. 
 Batten, to White Hall, where now the Duke is come again to 
 lodge : and to Mr. Coventry's little new chamber there. And 
 by and by up to the Duke, who was making himself ready ; 
 and there young Killigrew did so commend " The Villaine," 1 
 a new play made by Tom Porter, and acted only on Saturday 
 at the Duke's house, as if there never had been any such 
 play come upon the stage. The same yesterday was told me 
 by Captain Ferrers; and this morning afterwards by Dr. 
 Clarke, who saw it. After I had done with the Duke, with 
 Commissioner Pett to Mr. Lilly's, the great painter, who 
 come forth to us ; but, believing that I come to bespeak a 
 picture, he prevented it by telling us, that he should not be 
 at leisure these three weeks, which methinks is a rare thing. 
 And then to see in what pomp his table was laid for himself 
 to go to dinner ; and here, among other pictures, saw the so 
 much desired by me picture of my Lady Castlemaine, which 
 is a most blessed picture ; and one that I must have a copy 
 of. From thence I took my wife by coach to the Duke's 
 house, and there was the house full of company ; but whether 
 it was in over-expecting, or what, I know not ; but I was 
 never less pleased with a play in my life. Though there was 
 good singing and dancing, yet no fancy in the play. Dun- 
 kirke, I am confirmed, is absolutely sold ; for which I am 
 very sorry. 
 
 21st. By water with Mr. Smith to Mr. Lechmore, 2 the 
 Councillor at the Temple, about Field's business ; and he tells 
 me plainly that, there being a verdict against me, there is no 
 
 * A tragedy, by T. Porter. " The Villain, a tragedy which I have seen acted at 
 the Duke's Theatre with great applause : the part of Malignii being incomparably 
 played by Mr. Sandford." — Zangbaine, p. 407. "This person [Sandford] acted 
 strongly with his face; and, as King Charles said, was the best villain in the 
 world." — Tony Aston, p. 11. 
 
 * Nicholas Lechmere, knighted and made a, Baron of the Exchequer, 1689. 
 Ob. 1701. 
 
 Vol. I. — 32 
 
g38 DIARY OF [22d Oct 
 
 help for, but it must proceed to judgment. It is 30?. damage 
 to me for my joining with others in committing Field to 
 prison, as not being Justices of the Peace in the City, though 
 in Middlesex ; which troubled me, and I hope the King will 
 make it good to us. To Mr. Smith, the scrivener, upon 
 Ludgate-bill, to whom Mrs. Butler do committ her business 
 concerning her daughter and my brother. She tells me, her 
 daughter's portion is but 400?., at which I am more troubled 
 than before ; and they find fault that his house is too little. 
 
 22d. To my Lord Sandwich's, who receives me now more 
 and more kindly, now he sees that I am respected in the 
 world ; and is my most noble patron. To Mr. Smith's, 
 where I met Mrs. Butler, with whom I plainly discoursed, and 
 she with me. I find she will give but 400L, and no more, 
 and is not willing to that, without a joynture, which she 
 expects, and I will not grant for the portion. I find her a 
 very discreet, sober woman, and her daughter, I understand 
 and believe, is a good lady ; and if portions did agree, though 
 she finds fault with Tom's house, and his bad imperfection 
 in his speech, I believe we should agree in other matters. 
 Home. Benier, being acquainted with all the players, do tell 
 me that Betterton is not married to Ianthe, as they say ; but 
 also, that he is a very sober, serious man, and studious, and 
 humble, following of his studies, and is rich already, with what 
 he gets and saves. This night was buried, as I hear by the bells 
 of Barking Church, my poor Morena, 1 whose sickness being 
 desperate, did kill her poor father ; and he being dead for sorrow, 
 she could not recover, nor desire to live, but from that time do 
 languish more and more, and so is now dead and buried. 
 
 1 The only burial recorded in the parish Register of All Hallows, Barking, as 
 having taken place on the 22d October, 1662, is that of Elizabeth, daughter of 
 John Dickens; and the circumstance of her father's interment being entered in 
 the same book, just a week before, leaves do question that she was the person 
 alluded to. The word being doubtful in the MS., MoreDa is here substituted for 
 Morma, which has no intelligible signification, at the suggestion of Mr. J. S. 
 Warden ; see Notes and Queries, vol. vii., p. 118. Morena, he tells us, is good 
 Portuguese for a Brunette ; and it was probably adopted by Pepys to indicate 
 that Miss Dickens had a dark complexion. It is further possible that the same 
 expression was applied to Catharine of Braganza, who, as is well known, was a 
 beauty of a similar description, and the courtiers might naturally wish to pay Her 
 Majesty a compliment in the language of her own country. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 339 
 
 24th. Dined with my wife upon a most excellent dish of 
 tripes of my own directing, covered with mustara, as I have 
 heretofore seen them done at my Lord Crewe's, of which 
 I made a very great meal, and sent for a glass of wine for 
 myself. Mr. Pierce, the chyrurgeon, tells me how ill things 
 go at Court : that the King do show no countenance to any 
 that belong to the Queen ; nor, above all, to such English as 
 she brought over with her, or hath here since, for fear they 
 should tell her how he carries himself to Lady Castlemaine ; 
 insomuch, that though he has a promise, and is sure of being 
 made her chyrurgeon, he is at a loss what to do in it, whether 
 to take it or no, since the King's mind is so altered and 
 favour to all her dependents, whom she is fain to let go back 
 into Portugall, though she brought them from their friends 
 against their wills, with promise of preferment, without doing 
 any thing for them. That her own physician did tell him 
 within these three days that the Queen do know how the 
 King orders things, and how he carries himself to my Lady 
 Castlemaine and others, as well as any body; but though she 
 hath spirit enough, yet seeing that she do no good by taking 
 notice of it, for the present she forbears it in policy ; of which 
 I am very glad. But T do pray God keep us in peace ; for 
 this, with other things, do give great discontent to all 
 people. 
 
 26th. (Lord's day.) Put on my new scallop, which is very 
 fine. To church, and there saw the first time Mr. Mills in 
 a surplice ; but it seemed absurd for him to pull it over his 
 eares in the reading-pew, after he had done, before all the 
 church, to go up to the pulpitt, to preach without it. Home, 
 and dined. Tom takes his disappointment of his mistress to 
 heart ; but all will be well again in a little time. Then to 
 church again, and heard a simple Scot preach most tediously. 
 All this day soldiers going up and down the town, there 
 being an alarme, and many Quakers and others clapped up ; 
 but, I believe, without any reason : only they say in Dorset- 
 shire there hath been some rising discovered. After supper, 
 making up my monthly account to myself. I find myself, 
 by my expense in bands and clothes this month, abated a 
 
340 DIAKT OF [27th Oct. 
 
 little of my last, and that I am worth 679?. still ; for which 
 God be praised. 
 
 27th. To my Lord Sandwich, who now a-days calls me into 
 his chamber, and alone did discourse with me about the 
 jealousy that the Court have of people's rising ; wherein he 
 do much dislike my Lord Monk's being so eager against a 
 company of poor wretches, dragging them up and down the 
 street ; but would have him rather take some of the greatest 
 ringleaders of them, and punish them ; whereas, this do but 
 tell the world the King's fears and doubts. For Dunkirke, he 
 wonders any wise people should be so troubled thereat, and 
 scorns all their talk against it, for that he sees it was not 
 Dunkirke, but the other places, that did and would annoy us, 
 though we had that, as much as if we had it not. He also 
 took notice of the new Ministers of State, Sir H. Bennet and 
 Sir Charles Barkeley, their bringing in, and the high game that 
 my Lady Castlemaine plays at Court. Afterwards he told me 
 of poor Mr. Spong, that being with other people examined 
 before the King and Council (they being laid up as suspected 
 persons ; and it seems Spong is so far thought guilty as that 
 they intend to pitch upon him to put to the wracke or some 
 other torture), he do take knowledge of my Lord Sandwich, and 
 said that he was well known to Mr. Pepys. But my Lord 
 knows, and I told him, that it was only in matter of musique 
 and pipes, but that I thought him to be a very innocent 
 fellow ; and indeed I am very sorry for him. After my Lord 
 and I had done in private, we went out, and with Captain 
 Cuttance and Bunn did look over their draught of a bridge 
 for Tangier, which will be brought by my desire to our office by 
 them to-morrow. To Westminster Hall, and there walked 
 long with Creed ; and then to the great half-a-crowne ordi- 
 nary, at the King's Head, near Charing Crosse, where we had 
 a most excellent meat dinner and very high company, and in a 
 noble manner. He showed me our commission, wherein the 
 Luke of York, Prinoe Rupert, Duke of Albemarle, Lord 
 Peterborough, Lord Sandwich, Sir G. Carteret, Sir William 
 Compton, Mr. Coventry, Sir R. Ford, Sir William Rider, Mr. 
 Cholmley, Mr. Povy, myself, and Captain Cuttance, in this 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS 341 
 
 order are joyned for the carrying on tne service of Tangier, 
 which I take for a great honour to me. He told me what 
 great faction there is at Court ; and, above all, what is whis- 
 pered, that young Crofts is lawful son to the King, the King 
 being married to bis mother. 1 How true this is, God knows ; 
 but I believe the Duke of York will not be fooled in this of 
 three crowns. Thence to White Hall, and walked long in 
 the gardens, till, as they are commanded to all strange persons, 
 one come to tell us, we not being known, and being observed 
 to walk there four or five houres, which was not true, unless 
 they count my walking there in the morning, he was com- 
 manded to ask who we were ; which being told, he excused 
 his question, and was satisfied. These things speake great 
 fear and jealousys. To the Exchange : among other things, 
 observing one very pretty Exchange lass, with her face full of 
 black patches, which was a strange sight. I met Mr. Mills, 
 who tells me that he could get nothing out of the mayde hard 
 by, that did poison herself, before she died, but that she did it 
 because she did not like herself, nor anything she did a great 
 while. It seems she was well-favoured enough, but crooked, 
 and this is all she could be got to say, which is very strange. 
 29th. (Lord Mayor's day. 2 ) Sir G. Carteret, who bad been 
 at the examining most of the late people that are clapped up, 
 do say that he do not think that there hath been any great 
 plotting among them, though they have a good will to it ; 
 and their condition is so poor, and silly, and low, that they 
 do not fear them at all. 
 
 30th. To my Lord Sandwich, who was up in his chamber 
 and all alone, and did acquaint me with his business : which 
 was, that our old acquaintance, Mr. Wade in Axe Yard, 
 hath discovered to him 7000?. hid in the Tower, of which he 
 was to have two for discovery ; my Lord himself two, and the 
 King the other three, when it was found : and that the King's 
 warrant runs for me on my Lord's part, and one Mr. Lee for 
 Sir Harry Bennet, to demand leave of the Lieutenant of the 
 Tower for to make search. After he had told me the whole 
 
 1 Lucy Waters. 
 
 1 Sir John Robinson, Lieutenant of the Tower, Mayor. 
 29* 
 
342 DIAEY OF [30tb Oct. 
 
 business, I took leave : and at noon, comes Mr. Wade with 
 my Lord's letter. So we consulted for me to go first to Sir 
 H. Bennet, who is now with many of the Privy Counsellors 
 at the Tower, examining of their late prisoners, to advise with 
 him to begin. So I went; and the guard at the Tower 
 Gate, making me leave my sword at the gate, I was forced to 
 stay so long in the ale-house close by, till my boy run home 
 for my cloak, that my Lord Mayor that now is, Sir John 
 Robinson, Lieutenant of the Tower, with all his company, 
 was gone with their coaches to his house in Minchen Lane. 
 So my cloak being come, I walked thither : and there, by 
 Sir G. Carteret's means, did presently speak with Sir H. 
 Bennet, who did give me the King's warrant, for the paying 
 of 2000Z. to my Lord, and other two to the discoverers. 
 After a little discourse, dinner come in; and I dined with 
 them. There was my Lord Mayor, my Lord Lauderdale, 
 Mr. Secretary Morris, to whom Sir H. Bennet would give 
 the upper hand ; Sir William Compton, Sir G. Carteret, and 
 myself, and some other company, and a brave dinner. After 
 dinner, Sir H. Bennet did call aside the Lord Mayor and me, 
 and did break the business to him, who did not, nor durst 
 appear the least averse to it, but did promise all assistance 
 forthwith to set upon it. So Mr. Lee and I to our office, 
 and there walked, till Mr. Wade, and one Evett, his guide, 
 did come, and W. Griffin, and a porter with his picke-axes, 
 &c. : and so they walked alone with us to the Tower, and Sir 
 H. Bennet and my Lord Mayor did give us full power to fall 
 to work. So our guide demands a candle, and down into the 
 cellars he goes, enquiring whether they were the same that 
 Barkstead 1 always had. He went into several little cellars, 
 and then went out a-doors to view, and to the Cole Harbour ; 2 
 but none did answer so well to the remarks which was given 
 him to find it by, as one arched vault, where, after a great 
 deal of council whether to set upon it now, or delay for better 
 and more full advice, to digging we went till almost eight 
 
 * John Barkstead, one of the regicides, Lieutenant of the Tower under 
 Cromwell. 
 
 1 The meaning of this word, though applied to n great many localities, ha« 
 sever been satisfactorily explained. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 343 
 
 o'clock at night, but could find nothing. But, however, our 
 guides did not at all seem discouraged ; for that they being 
 confident that the money is there they look for, but having 
 never been in the cellars, they could not be positive to the 
 place, and therefore will inform themselves more fully, now 
 they have been there, of the party that do advise them. So, 
 locking the door after us, we left here to-night, and up to 
 the Deputy-Governor, my Lord Mayor and Sir H. Bennet, 
 with the rest of the company, being gone an hour before ; 
 and he do undertake to keep the key of the cellars, that none 
 shall go down without his privity. But, Lord ! to see what 
 a young simple fantastick coxcombe is made Deputy-Governor, 
 would make me mad ; and how he called out for his night- 
 gowne of silk, only to make a show to us : and yet for half 
 an hour I did not think he was the Deputy-Governor, and so 
 spoke not to him about the business, but waited for another 
 man ; but at last I broke our business to him : and he pro- 
 mising his care, we parted. And Mr. Lee and I by coach to 
 White Hall, where I did give my Lord Sandwich a full 
 account of our proceedings, and some encouragement to hope 
 for something hereafter. This morning, walking with Mr. 
 Coventry in the garden, he did tell me how Sir G. Carteret 
 had carried the business of the Victuallers' money to be paid 
 by himself, contrary to old practice ; at which he is angry, I 
 perceive, but I believe means no hurt, but that things may 
 be done as they ought. He expects Sir George should not 
 bespatter him privately, in revenge, but openly, against which 
 he prepares to bedaube him, and swears he will do it from 
 the beginning, from Jersey to this day. And as to his own 
 taking of two large fees or rewards for places that he had 
 sold, he will prove that he was directed to it by Sir George 
 himself, among others. And yet he did not deny Sir G. 
 Carteret his due, in saying that he is a man that do take the 
 most pains, and gives himself the most to do business of any 
 about the Court, without any desire of pleasure or divertise- 
 ments : which is very true. But, which pleased me mightily, 
 he said in these words, that he was resolved, whatever it cost 
 him, to make an experiment, and see whether it was possible 
 
344 DIARY OF [31st Oct. 
 
 for a man to keep himself up in Court by dealing plainly and 
 walking uprightly : in the doing whereof, if his ground do 
 slip from under him, he ■will be contented : but he is resolved 
 to try, and never to baulke taking notice of anything that is 
 to the King's prejudice, let it fall where it will ; which is a 
 most brave resolution. He was very free with me : and, by 
 my troth, I do see more reall worth in him than in most men 
 that I do know. I would not forget two passages of Sir J. 
 Minnes's at yesterday's dinner. The one, that to the ques- 
 tion how it comes to pass that there are no boars seen in 
 London, but many sowes and pigs ; it was answered, that the 
 constable gets them a-nights. The other, Thomas Killigrew's 
 way of getting to see plays when he was a boy. He would 
 go to the Red Bull, and when the man cried to the boys, 
 " Who will go and be a devil, and he shall see the play for 
 nothing?" then would he go in, and be a devil upon the 
 stage, and so get to see plays. 
 
 31st. Thus ends this month : my head troubled with much 
 business, but especially my fear of Sir J. Minnes claiming 
 my bed-chamber of me, but I hope now that it is almost 
 over, for I perceive he is fitting his house to go into it the 
 next week. I thank God I have no crosses, but only much 
 business to trouble my mind with. In all other things, as 
 happy a man as any in the world, for the whole world seems 
 to smile upon me, and if my house were done that I could 
 diligently follow my business, I would not doubt to do God, 
 and the King, and myself good service. And all I do impute 
 almost wholly to my late temperance, since my making of my 
 vowes against wine and plays, which keeps me most happily 
 and contentfully to my business ; which God continue ! Public 
 matters are full of discontent, what with the sale of Dunkirke, 
 and my Lady Castlemaine, and her faction at Court ; though 
 I know not what they would have more than to debauch the 
 King, whom God preserve from it ! And then great plots 
 are talked to be discovered, and all the prisons in town full 
 of ordinary people, taken from their meeting-places last 
 Sunday. But for certain some plots there hath been, though 
 not brought to a head. 
 
?*62J SAMUEL PEPYS. 345 
 
 November 1st. With Mr. Creed to the Trinity House, 
 Co a great dinner there, by invitation, and much company. 
 It seems one Captain Evans makes his elder Brother's dinner 
 to-day. To my office, to meet Mr. Lee again, from Sir H. 
 Bennet. And he and I, with Wade and his intelligencer 
 and labourers, to the Tower cellars, to make one triall more ; 
 where we staid two or three hours, and dug a great deal all 
 under this arches, as it was now most confidently directed, 
 and so seriously, and upon pretended good grounds, that I 
 myself did truly expect to speed ; but we missed of all : and 
 so we went away the second time like fools. And to our 
 office; and I, by appointment, to the Dolphin Taverne, to 
 meet Wade and the other. Captain Evett, who now do tell 
 me plainly, that he that de piit him upon this is one that had 
 it from Barkestead's own mouth, and was advised with by 
 him, just before the King's coming in, how to get it out, and 
 had all the signs told him how and where it lay, and had 
 always been the great confident of Barkpstead, even to the 
 trusting him with his life and all he had. So that he did 
 much convince me that there is good ground for what he goes 
 about. But I fear it may be that Barkestead did find some 
 conveyance of it away, without the help of this man, before 
 he died ; but he is resolved to go to the party once more, and 
 then to determine what we shall do further. 
 
 2d. (Lord's day.) Talking with my wife, in whom I never 
 had greater content, blessed be God ! than now — she con- 
 tinuing with the same care and thrift and innocence, so long 
 as I keep her from occasions of being otherwise, as ever she 
 was in her life, and keeps the house as well. To church, 
 where Mr. Mills preached a very ordinary sermon. 
 
 3d. To White Hall, to the Duke's ; but found him gone 
 a-hunting. Thence to my Lord Sandwich, from whom I 
 receive every day more and more signs of his confidence and 
 esteem of me. Here I met with Pierce, the chyrurgeon, 
 who tells me that my Lady Castlemaine is with child ; but 
 though it be the King's, yet her Lord being still in town, 
 and sometimes seeing of her, though never to eat together or 
 cohabit, it will be laid to him. He tells me also how the 
 
346 DIARY OF ;5&Nov. 
 
 Duke of York is smitten in love with my Lady Chesterfield, 1 
 (a virtuous lady, daughter to my Lord of Ormond) ; and so 
 much, that the Duchess of York hath complained to the King 
 and her father about it, and my Lady Chesterfield is gone into 
 the country for it. At all which I am sorry ; bat it is the 
 effect of idlenesse, and having nothing else to employ their 
 great spirits upon. At night to my office, and did business ; 
 and there come to me Mr. Wade and Evett, who have been 
 again with their prime intelligencer, a woman, I perceive : 
 and though we have missed twice, yet they bring such an 
 account of the probability of the truth of the thing, though 
 we are not certain of the place, that we shall set upon it once 
 more ; and I am willing and hopefull in it. So we resolved 
 to set upon it again on Wednesday morning ; and the woman 
 herself will be there in a disguise, and confirm us in the 
 place. 
 
 4th. This morning, we had news by letters that Sir Richard 
 Stayner is dead at sea in the Mary, which is now come into 
 Portsmouth from Lisbon ; which we are sorry for, he being a 
 very stout seaman. 
 
 5th. My Lady Batten did send to speak with me, and 
 told me very civilly that she did not desire, nor hoped I did, 
 that anything should pass between us but what was civill, 
 though there was not the neighbourliness between her and my 
 wife that was fit to be, and so complained of my maid's mock- 
 ing of her. When she called " Nan" to her maid within her 
 own house, my maid Jane in the garden overheard her, and 
 mocked her, and of my wife's speaking unhandsomely of her, 
 to all which I did give her a very respectfull answer, such as 
 did please her, and am sorry indeed that this should be, though 
 I do not desire there should be any acquaintance between my 
 wife and her. But I promised to avoid such words and 
 passages for the future. At night I called up my maids, and 
 schooled Jane, who did answer me so humbly and drolly about 
 it, that, though I seemed angry, I was much pleased with her 
 and [my] wife also. 
 
 1 Lady Elizabeth Butler, daughter of James Butler, first Duke of Ormond, 
 wife of Philip Stanhope, second Earl of Chesterfield. Ob. 1665. See Mimoiret 
 de Grammont. 
 
If62.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 347 
 
 7th. Being by appointment called upon by Mr. Lee, he and 
 I to the Tower, to make our third attempt upon the cellar. 
 And now privately the woman, Barkestead's great confident, 
 is brought, who do positively say that this is the place which 
 he did say the money was hid in, and where he and she did 
 put up the 7000?. in butter firkins ; and the very day that he 
 went out of England did say that neither he nor his would be a 
 the better for that money, and therefore wishing that she and 
 hers might. And so left us, and we full of hope did resolve 
 to dig all over the cellar, which by seven o'clock at night we 
 performed. At noon we sent for a dinner, and upon the head 
 of a barrel dined very merrily, and to work again. But at 
 last we saw we were mistaken ; and, after digging the cellar 
 quite through, and removing the barrels from one side to the 
 other, we were forced to pay our porters, and give over our 
 expectations, though I do believe there must be money hid 
 somewhere by him, or else he did delude this woman in hopes 
 to oblige her to further serving him, which I am apt to 
 believe. By coach to White Hall, and at my Lord's lodgings, 
 hearing that Mrs. Sarah is married, I did joy her and kiss 
 her, she owning of it ; and it seems it is to a cooke. I am 
 glad she is disposed of, for she grows old and is very painfull, 
 and one I have reason to wish well for her old service to me. 
 
 9th. (Lord's day.) Walked to my brother's, where my wife 
 is, calling at many churches, and then to the Temple, hearing 
 a bit there too, and observing that in the streets and churches 
 the Sunday is kept in appearance as well as I have known it 
 at any time. After dinner to see Mr. Moore, who is pretty 
 well, and he and I to St. Gregory's, where I escaped a great 
 fall down the stairs of the gallery : so into a pew there, and 
 heard Dr. Ball 1 make a very good sermon, though short of 
 what I expected. 
 
 10th. A little to the office, and so with Sir J. Minnes, Sir 
 W. Batten, and myself by coach to White Hall, to the Duke, 
 who, after he was ready, did take us into his closett. Thither 
 come my Lord General Monk, and did privately talk with 
 
 ' Dr. Ball was then rector of St. Mary Woolchurch, and in 1665 Master of the 
 Temple. 
 
348 DIARY OF [10th Nov 
 
 the Duke about having the life-guards pass through the City 
 to-day only for show and to fright people, for I perceive there 
 are great fears abroad ; for all which I am troubled and full 
 of doubt that things will not go well. He being gone, we 
 fell to the business of the Navy. Among other things, how 
 to pay off this fleet that is now come from Portugall ; the 
 King of Portugall sending them home, he having no more 
 use for them, which we wonder at, that his condition should 
 be so soon altered : and our landmen also are coming back, 
 being almost starved in that poor country. To Westminster 
 Hall, where full of terme, and here met my cozen Roger 
 Pepys, who is all for a composition with my uncle Thomas. 
 To my Lord Crewe's, and dined with him and his brother — 
 I know not his name : where very good discourse : among 
 others, of France's intention to make a patriarch of his own, 
 independent from the Pope, by which he will be able to cope 
 with the Spaniard in all councils, which hitherto he has never 
 done. My Lord Crewe told us how he heard my Lord of 
 Holland 1 say, that, being Embassador about the match with 
 the Queen-Mother that now is, the King of France 2 insisted 
 upon a dispensation from the Pope, which my Lord Holland, 
 making a question of, as he was commanded to yield to 
 nothing to the prejudice of our religion, says the King of 
 France, " You need not fear that, for if the Pope will not 
 dispense with the match, my Bishop of Paris shall." By 
 and by come in the great Mr. Swinfen, 3 the Parliament-man, 
 who, among other discourse of the rise and fall of familys, 
 told us of Bishop Bridgeman, 4 father of Sir Orlando, who 
 lately hath bought a seat anciently of the Levers, and then 
 
 1 Henry Rich, second son of Robert, first Earl of Warwick. He had been created 
 Lord Kensington before the embassy here alluded to, and was afterwards advanced 
 to the Earldom of Holland, September 24th, 1624. He was beheaded by the Par- 
 liament in 1619. 
 
 ' Louis XIII., in 1624. 
 
 3 John Swinfen, M.P. for Tamworth. 
 
 * John Bridgeman, Bishop of Chester, ancestor of the present Earl of Brad- 
 ford. Great Levers, the seat alluded to, must probably have been bought by 
 Sir Orlando Bridgeman, or some other member of the family, not by the Bishop, 
 as he died in 1652. Pepys seems to speak of a person then living. See ante, 
 Oct. 10, 1660. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 349 
 
 the Ashtons; 1 and so he hath in his great hall window, 
 having repaired and beautified the house, caused four great 
 places to be left for coates of armes. In one he hath put 
 the Levers, with this motto, " Olim." In another, the 
 Ashtons, with this, "Heri." In the next, his own, with 
 this, "Hodie." In the fourth, nothing but this motto, 
 " Cras nescio cujus." Taking my wife up, carried her to 
 Charing Crosse, and there showed her the Italian motion, 
 much after the nature of what I showed her a while since in 
 Covent Garden. Their puppets here are somewhat better, 
 but their motions not at all. The town, I hear, is full of 
 discontents, and all know of the King's new bastard by Mrs. 
 Haslerigge, 1 and, as far as I can hear, will never be contented 
 with Episcopacy, they are so cruelly set for Presbytery ; and 
 the Bishops carry themselves so high, that they are never 
 likely to gain any thing upon them. 
 
 12th. By my wife's appointment come two young ladies, 3 
 sisters, acquaintances of my wife's brother's, who are desirous 
 to wait upon some ladies, and proffer their service to my wife. 
 The youngest indeed hath a good voice, and sings very well, 
 besides other good qualitys, but I fear hath been bred up 
 with too great libertys for my family, and I fear greater in- 
 conveniences of expences, and my wife's liberty will follow, 
 which I must study to avoid till I have a better purse ; 
 though, I confess, the gentlewoman, being pretty handsome 
 and singing, makes me have a good mind to her. To the 
 Dolphin Tavern, near home, by appointment, and there met 
 with Wade and Evett, and have resolved to make a new 
 attempt upon another discovery, in which God give us better 
 fortune than in the other ; but I have great confidence that 
 there is no cheat in these people, but that they go upon good 
 grounds, though they have been mistaken in the place from 
 the first. 
 
 13th. To my office, and there this afternoon we had our 
 first meeting upon our commission of inspecting the Chest : 4 
 
 1 Ashton Hall, in Lancashire. 
 
 ' See 17th Octoher, 1662, ante. ' The two Gosnells. 
 
 ' The Chest at Chatham was originally planned by Sir Francis Drake and Sir 
 John Hawkins in 1588, after the defeat of the Armada; the seamen voluntarily 
 
 Vol. I. — 33 z 
 
350 DIARY OF [20th Nov. 
 
 Sir Francis Cierle,' Mr. Heath, Attorney of the Dutchy, 
 Mr. Prinn, Sir W. Rider, Captain Cooke, and myself. Our 
 first work was to read over the Institution, which is a decree 
 in Chancery in the year 1617, upon an inquisition made at 
 Rochester about that time into the revenues of the Chest, 
 which had then, from the year 1588 or 1590, by the advice 
 of the Lord High Admiral and principal officers then being, 
 by consent of the seamen, been settled, paying sixpence per 
 month, according to their wages then, which was then but 
 10s., which is now 24s. 
 
 17th. To the Duke's to-day, but he is gone a-hunting. 
 After dinner, talking with my wife, and making Mrs. Gosnell 
 sing ; and then, there being no coach to be got, by water to 
 White Hall; but Gosnell, not being willing to go through 
 bridge, we were forced to land and take water again, and put 
 her and her sister ashore at the Temple. I am mightily 
 pleased with her humour and singing. At White Hall by 
 appointment ; Mr. Creed carried my wife and I to the Cock- 
 pitt, and we had excellent places, and saw the King, Queen, 
 Duke of Monmouth, 2 his son, and my Lady Castlemaine, and 
 all the fine ladies ; and " The Scornfull Lady" well performed. 
 They had done by eleven o'clock; and, it being fine moon- 
 shine, we took coach and home, but could wake nobody at my 
 house, and so were fain to have my boy get through one of the 
 windows, and so opened the door, and called up the maids, 
 and went to supper. 
 
 18th. Late at my office, drawing up a letter to my Lord 
 Treasurer, which we have been long about. 
 
 20th. After dinner to the Temple, to Mr. Thurland; 3 and 
 thence to my Lord Chief Baron, Sir Edward Hale's, 4 and 
 
 agreed to have " defalked" out their wages certain sums to form a fund for 
 relief. The property hecame considerable, as well as the abuses, and in 1802 the 
 Chest was removed to Greenwich. In 1817, the stock amounted to 300,0002 
 Consols. — Hist, of Rochester, p. 346. See also Diary, June 2d, 1662. 
 
 1 M.P. for Rochester, and knignted there by Charles II., May 28th, 1660. 
 
 2 This entry seems to have been corrected by Pepys at a later time, for Mon- 
 mouth was not created a Duke till 14th Feb., 1662-3. 
 
 3 Edward Thurland, M.P. for Reigate, afterwards knighted, and a Baron of 
 the Exchequer. 
 
 4 Sir Orlando Bridgeman, noticed Oct. 10, 1660, was then Chief Baron of -be 
 Exchequer, and was succeeded, in 1666, by Matthew Hale, sergeant-at-law • 
 there is, consequently, some mistake. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 351 
 
 take with me Mr. Thurland to his chamber, where he told 
 us that Field will have the better of us ; and that we must 
 study to make up the business as well as we can, which io 
 much vex and trouble us; but I am glad the Duke is 
 concerned in it. 
 
 21st. Within all day long, helping to put up my hangings 
 in my house in my wife's chamber, to my great content. To 
 speak to Sir J. Minnes at his lodgings, where I found many 
 great ladies, and his lodgings made very fine indeed. To bed 
 this night, having first put up a spitting-sheet, which I 
 find very convenient. This day come the King's pleasure- 
 boats from Calais with the Dunkirke money, being 400,000 
 pistolles. 
 
 22d. This day I bought the book of country dances against 
 my wife's woman Gosnell comes, who dances finely; and 
 there, meeting Mr. Playford, 1 he did give me his Latin songs 
 of Mr. Deering's, 2 which he lately printed. This day, Mr. 
 Moore told me, that for certain the Queen-Mother is married 
 to my Lord St. Albans, and he is like to be made Lord- 
 Treasurer. News that Sir J. Lawson hath made up a peace 
 now with Tunis and Tripoli, as well as Algiers, by which he 
 will come home very highly honoured. 
 
 23d. (Lord's day.) To church, and heard drowsy Mr. 
 Graves. To Sir W. Batten's, and heard how Sir R. Ford's 
 daughter is married to a fellow without friends' consent, and 
 the match carried on and made up at Will Griffin's, our 
 doorkeeper's. I talked to my brother to-day, who desires 
 me to give him leave to look after his mistress still ; and he 
 will not have me put to any trouble or obligation in it, which 
 I did give him leave to do. I hear to-day old rich Audley 3 
 is lately dead, and left a very great estate, and made a great 
 many poor familys rich, not all to one. Among others, one 
 
 1 John Playford, a seller of musical instruments and books, near the Temple 
 ohureh. His portrait is in Burney's Mist, of Music. 
 
 a There is a copy of Deering's Latin songs in the British Museum, entitled 
 '* Cantica Sacra ad duas et tres voces composita." London, 1662, folio. 
 
 ' There is an old tract called " The way to be Rich, according to the Practio* 
 of the great Audley, who began with 2001. in 1605, and dyed worth 400,OOOJ., 
 November, 1662." London, printed for E. Davies, 1662. 
 
352 DIAEY OF [27th Nov. 
 
 Davis, 1 my old schoolfellow at Paul's, and since a bookseller 
 in Paul's Church Yard; and it seems do forgive one man 
 6000Z., which he had wronged him of, but names not his 
 name ; but it is well known to be the scrivener in Fleet 
 Street, at whose house he lodged. There is also this week 
 dead a poulterer, in Gracious Street, which was thought rich, 
 but not so rich, that hath left 8601. per annum, taken in 
 other men's names, and 40,000 Jacobs in gold. 
 
 24th. Sir J. Minnes, Sir W. Batten, and I, going forth 
 toward White Hall, we hear that the King and Duke are 
 come this morning to the Tower to see the Dunkirke money. 
 So we by coach to them, and there went up and down all the 
 magazines with them ; but methought it was but a poor 
 discourse and frothy that the King's companions, young 
 Killigrew among the rest, had with him. We saw none of 
 the money ; but Mr. Slingsby 2 did show the King, and I did 
 see, the stamps of the new money that is now to be made by 
 Blondeau's fashion, which are very neat, and like the King. 
 Thence the King to Woolwich, though a very cold day ; and 
 the Duke to White Hall, commanding us to come after him ; 
 and in his closet, my Lord Sandwich being there, did 
 discourse with us about getting some of this money to pay off 
 the Meets and other matters. By coach, my cozen Thomas 
 Pepys going along with me, homeward. I set him down by 
 the way ; but, Lord ! how he did endeavour to find out a 
 ninepence to club with me for the coach, and for want was 
 forced to give me a shilling, and how he still cries " Gad !" 
 and talks of Popery coming in, as all the Fanatiques do. 
 
 25th. Great talk among people how some of the Fanatiques 
 do say that the end of the world is at hand, and that next 
 Tuesday is to be the day. Against which, whenever it shall 
 be, good God fit us all ! 
 
 27th. At my waking, I found the tops of the houses 
 covered with snow, which is a rare sight, which I have not 
 
 ' 1652, Dec. 24, " Died John Dayes, Old Jewry, broaker, a, prisoner buried in 
 St. Olave's, Old Jewry : his son, Tho. Daves, a bookseller, was afterwards an 
 alderman and Lord Mayor of London, enriched by the legacy of Hugh Audley." 
 . — Smith's Obituary, p. 33. 
 
 ' Henry Slingsby, Master of the Mint. 
 
1662 -] SAMUEL PEPYS. ^53 
 
 seen these three years. To the office, where we sat till noon ; 
 when we all went to the next house upon Tower Hill, to see 
 the coming by of the Russia Embassador; for whose reception 
 all the City trained bands do attend in the streets, and the 
 King's life-guards, and most of the wealthy citizens in their 
 black velvet coats, and gold chains, which remain of their 
 gallantry at the King's coming in, but they staid so long that 
 we went down again to dinner. And after I had dined, I 
 walked to the Conduit in the Quarrefowr, 1 at the end of 
 Gracious Street and Cornhill ; and there, the spouts thereof 
 running very near me upon all the people that were under it, 
 I saw them pretty well go by. I could not see the Embassador 
 in his coach ; but his attendants in their habits and fur caps 
 very handsome, comely men, and most of them with hawkes 
 upon their fists to present to the King. But, Lord ! to see 
 the absurd nature of Englishmen that cannot forbear laughing 
 and jeering at every thing that looks strange. 
 
 28th. A very hard frost ; which is news to us after having 
 none almost these three years. By ten o'clock to Iron- 
 mongers' Hall, to the funeral of Sir Richard Stayner. 2 Here 
 we were, all the officers of the Navy, and my Lord Sandwich, 
 who did discourse with us about 'the fishery, telling us of his 
 Majesty's resolution to give 2001. to every man that will set 
 out a Busse ; 3 and advising about the effects of this encourage- 
 ment, which will be a very great matter certainly. Here we 
 had good rings, and by and by were to take coach ; and I, 
 being got in with Mr. Creed into a four-horse coach, which 
 they come and told us were only for the mourners, I went 
 out, and so took this occasion to go home. 
 
 29th. To the office ; and this morning come Sir G. Carteret 
 to us, being the first time since his coming from France : he 
 tells us that the silver which is received for Dunkirke did 
 weigh 120,000 weight. To my Lord's, where my Lord and 
 Mr. Coventry, Sir William Darcy, 4 one Mr. Parham, a very 
 knowing and well-spoken man in this business, with several 
 
 1 Carrefour, or Quatre- Voien,. whence Carfax at 'Oxford. 
 
 3 He nas buried at Greenwich, 28th Nov., 1662. 
 
 3 A small sea-vessel used by the Hollanders for the herring-fishery. 
 
 * Third son of Sir Conyers Darcy. 
 
 33* 
 
354 DIARY OF [30lhNoT 
 
 others, did meet about stating the business of the fishery, and 
 the manner of the King's giving of this 200Z. to every man 
 that shall set out a new-made English Busse by the middle 
 of June next. In which business we had many fine pretty 
 discourses ; and I did here see the great pleasure to be had 
 in discoursing of publick matters with men that are particu- 
 larly acquainted with this or that business. Having come to 
 some issue, wherein a motion of mine was well received, 
 about sending these invitations from the King to all the 
 fishing-ports in general, with limiting so many Busses to this 
 and that port, before we know the readiness of subscribers, 
 we parted. I walked home all the way, in my way calling 
 upon my cozen Turner and Mr. Calthrop at the Temple, for 
 their consent to be my arbitrators, which they are willing to. 
 My wife and I pretty pleasant, for that her brother brings 
 word that Gosnell, which my wife and I in discourse do 
 pleasantly call our Marmotte, will certainly come next week, 
 without fail, which God grant may be for the best. 
 
 30th. (Lord's day.) In the afternoon to the French 
 church here in the city, and stood in the aisle all the sermon, 
 with great delight hearing a very admirable sermon from a 
 young man, upon that article in our creed, in order of 
 catechisme, upon resurrection. To visit Sir W. Pen, who 
 continues still bed-rid. Here was Sir W. Batten, and his 
 lady, and Mrs. Turner, and I very merry, talking of the 
 confidence of Sir R. Ford's new-married daughter, though she 
 married so strangely lately ; yet appears at church as briske 
 as can be, and takes place of her elder sister, a maid. To 
 make up my monthly accounts, and I do find that, through 
 the fitting of my house this month, I have spent in that and 
 kitchen 50?. this month : so that now I am worth but 660Z., 
 or thereabouts. This day I first did wear a muffe, being my 
 wife's last year's muffe ; and now I have bought her a new 
 one, this serves me very well. Thus ends this month; in 
 great frost : myself and family all well, but my mind much 
 disordered about my uncle's law business, being now in an 
 order of being arbitrated between us, which I wish to God it 
 were done. I am also somewhat uncertain what to think of 
 my going about to take a woman-servant into my house, in 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 355 
 
 the quality of a woman for my wife. My wife promises it 
 shall cost me nothing but her meat and wages, and that it 
 shall not be attended with any other expences, upon which 
 termes I admit of it ; for that it will, I hope, save me money 
 in having my wife go abroad on visits and other delights ; so 
 that I hope the best, but am resolved to alter it if matters 
 prove otherwise than I would have them. Publick matters in 
 an ill condition of discontent against the height and vanity of 
 the Court, and their bad payments ; but that which troubles 
 most is the Clergy, which will never content the city, which 
 is not to be reconciled to Bishopps ; but more the pity that 
 differences must still be. Dunkirke newly sold, and the 
 money brought over ; of which we hope to get some to pay 
 the Navy ; which, by Sir J. Lawson's having despatched the 
 business in the Straights, by making peace with Algiers, 
 Tunis, and Tripoli, and so his fleet will also shortly come 
 home, will now every day grow less, and so the King's charge 
 be abated ; which God send ! 
 
 December 1st. To my Lord Sandwich's, to Mr. Moore; 
 and then over the Parke, where I first in my life, it being a 
 great frost, did see people sliding with their skeates, 1 which is 
 a very pretty art, to Mr. Coventry's chamber to St. James's, 
 where we all met to a venison pasty, Major Norwood being 
 with us, whom they did play upon for his surrendering of 
 Dunkirke. Here we staid till three or four o'clock ; and so 
 to the Council Chamber, where there met the Duke of York, 
 Prince Rupert, Duke of Albemarle, my Lord Sandwich, Sir 
 William Compton, Mr. Coventry, Sir J. Minnes, Sir R. Ford, 
 Sir W. Ryder, myself, and Captain Cuttance, as Commissioners 
 for Tangier. And after our Commission was read by Mr. 
 Creed, who, I perceive, is to be our secretary, we did fall to 
 discourse of matters : as, first, the supplying them forthwith 
 with victualls : then the reducing it to make way for the money, 
 which upon their reduction is to go to the building of the 
 Mole ; and so to other matters, ordered against next meeting. 
 This done, we broke up, and I to the Cockpitt, with much 
 
 ' Skaiting was introduced by the Cavaliers who had been with Charles II. in 
 Holland. 
 
356 DIARY OP [5th Deo. 
 
 crowding and waiting, where I saw " The Valiant Cidd" 1 
 acted — a play I have read with great delight, but is a most 
 dull thing acted, which I never understood before, there being 
 no pleasure in it, though done by Betterton, and by Ianthe, 
 and another fine wench that is come in the room of Roxalana ; 2 
 nor did the King or Queen once smile all the whole play, nor 
 any of the whole company seem to take any pleasure, but 
 what was in the greatness and gallantry of the company. 
 
 3d. To Deptford ; and so by water with Mr. Pett home 
 again, all the way reading his Chest accounts, in which I did 
 see things which did not please me ; as his allowing himself 
 300?. for one year's looking to the business of the Chest, and 
 1501. per annum for the rest of the years. But I found no 
 fault to him himself, but shall when they come to be read at 
 the Board. We walked to the Temple, in our way seeing 
 one of the Russia Embassador's coaches go along, with his 
 footmen not in liverys, but their country habits ; one of one 
 colour and another of another, which was very strange. 
 
 5th. I walked towards Guildhall, being summoned by the 
 Commissioners for the Lieutenancy: but they sat not this 
 morning. So, meeting in my way W. Swan, I took him to 
 a house thereabouts, and give him a morning draught of but- 
 tered ale ; he telling me much of his Fanatique stories, as if 
 he were a great zealot, when I know him to be a very rogue. 
 But I do it for discourse, and to see how things stand with 
 him and his party, who, I perceive, have great expectation 
 that God will not bless the Court nor Church, as it is now 
 settled, but they must be purified. The worst news he tells 
 me is, that Mr. Chetwind is dead, my old and most ingenious 
 acquaintance. He is dead, worth 3000?., which I did not 
 sxpect, he living so high as he did always, and neatly. He 
 hath given W. Symons his wife 300?., and made Will one of 
 his executors. Home, and there I find Gosnell come, who, 
 my wife tells me, is like to prove a pretty companion, of 
 
 1 Translated from the well-known Cid of Corneille. 
 
 a Elizabeth Davenport appears to have left the stage, Pepys always afterwardfl 
 Bpeaking of the new Roxalana, whom he once callod Mrs. Norton. See ante, 
 Feb. 18, 1661-2, and note. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 357 
 
 which I am gla J, and who sings exceeding well, and I shall 
 take great delight in her. 
 
 7th. (Lord's day.) To church this morning with my wife, 
 which is the first time she hath been at church since her 
 going to Brampton, and Gosnell attending her, which was 
 very gracefull. I thought to go to the French church ; but 
 finding the Dutch congregation there, and then finding the 
 French congregation's sermon begun in the Dutch, I returned 
 home, and up to our gallery, where I found my wife and 
 Gosnell ; and after a drowsy sermon, we all three to my aunt 
 Wight's, where great store of her usuall company, and here 
 we staid a pretty good while talking — I differing from my 
 aunt, as I commonly do, in our opinion of the handsomeness 
 of the Queen, which I oppose mightily, saying that if my 
 nose be handsome, then is hers, and such like : and so with 
 my wife only to see Sir W. Pen, who is now got out of his 
 bed, and sits by the fireside. 
 
 8th. Into the Parke, to see them slide with their skeates, 
 which is very pretty. To the Duke's, where the Committee for 
 Tangier met : and here we sat down all with him at a table, 
 and had much discourse about the business. Home by coach, 
 where I find my wife troubled about Gosnell, who brings word 
 that her uncle, Justice Jiggins, requires her to come three times 
 a week to him, to follow some business that her mother intrusts 
 her withall, and that, unless she may have that leisure given 
 her, he will not have her take any place ; but there is no help 
 for it : I am somewhat contented therewith, and shall make 
 my wife so, who, poor wretch, I know will consider of things. 
 
 9th. All the morning in hopes to have Mr. Coventry dine 
 with me. He was . forced to go to White Hall. Anon went 
 Gosnell away, which did trouble me too ; though, upon many 
 considerations, it is better that I am rid of the charge. All 
 together makes my house appear very lonely. My wife and 
 I melancholy to bed. 
 
 10th. To the office with Sir J. Minnes, in his coach ; but 
 eo great a snow that we could hardly pass the streets. Then 
 to the Dolphin, where Sir J. Minnes, Sir W. Batten, and I, 
 did treat the Auditors of the Exchequer — Auditors Wood and 
 
358 D I A B Y F [15th Deo. 
 
 Beale — and hither come Sir G. Carteret to us. We had a 
 good dinner cost us 51. and 6s., whereof my share 26s., and 
 after dinner did discourse of our salarys and other matters, 
 which I think now they will allow. 
 
 11th. Mr. Creed dined with me, and we sat all the after- 
 noon together, discoursing of ways to get money, which I am 
 now giving myself wholly up to. 
 
 12th. When I wake, I find a very great thaw, and my 
 house overflown with it, which vexed me. 
 
 13th. We sat, Mr. Coventry and I, Sir G. Carteret being 
 gone; and among other things, Field and Stint did come, 
 and received the 411. given him by the judgement against me 
 and Harry Kem ; ' and we did also sign bonds in 500?. to 
 stand to the award of Mr. Porter and Smith for the rest ; 
 which, however, I did not sign to till I got Mr. Coventry to 
 go up with me to Sir W. Pen ; and he did promise me before 
 him to bear his share in what should be awarded, and both 
 concluded that Sir W. Batten would do no less. 
 
 14th. (Lord's day.) To the King's chappell, where I heard 
 the service, and so to my Lord's, and there Mr. Howe and 
 Pagett, the counsellor, an old lover of musique. We sang 
 some Psalms of Mr. Lawes, and played some symphonys 
 between, till night, that I was sent for to my Lord, with 
 whom 1 staid talking about his, and my own, and the publick 
 affairs, with great content, he advising me as to my own 
 choosing of Sir E. Bernard for umpire in the businesses 
 between my uncle and us, that I would not trust to him 
 upon his direction, for he did not think him a man to be 
 trusted at all ; and so bid him good night, and to Mr. Creed's ; 
 Mr. Moore, with whom I intended to have lain, lying phy- 
 sically without sheets ; and there, after some discourse, to 
 bed, and lay ill, though the bed good, my stomach being sick 
 all night with my too heavy supper. 
 
 15th. To the Duke, and followed him into the Park, where, 
 though the ice was broken and dangerous, yet he would go 
 slide upon his skeates, which I did not like, but he slides very 
 well. So back to his closet, whither my Lord Sandwich 
 
 1 Id the matter of the false imprisonment : see ante, 4th Feb. 1661-2, and 
 21st Oct., 1662. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 359 
 
 comes, and there Mr. Coventry and we three had long dis- 
 course about the matters of the Navy ; and, indeed, I find 
 myself more and more obliged to Mr. Coventry, who studies 
 to do me all the right he can in every thing to the Duke. 
 Thence walked a good while up and down the gallerys ; and 
 among others, met with Dr. Clerke, who in discourse tells me, 
 that Sir Charles Barkeley's greatness is only his being pimp 
 to the King, and to my Lady Castlemaine. And yet, for all 
 this, that the King is very kind to the Queen ; who, he says, 
 is one of the best women in the world. Strange how the 
 King is bewitched to this pretty Castlemaine. I walked up 
 and down the gallerys, spending my time upon the pictures, 
 till the Duke and the Committee for Tangier met, the Duke 
 not staying with us, where the only matter was to discourse 
 with my Lord Eutherford, 1 who is this day made Governor 
 of Tangier, for I know not what reasons ; and my Lord of 
 Peterborough to be called home : which, though it is said it 
 is done with kindness, I am sorry to see a Catholicke Go- 
 vernor sent to command there, where all the rest of the 
 officers almost are such already. But God knows what the 
 reason is ! and all may see how slippery places all courtiers 
 stand in. Thence home, in my way calling upon Sir John 
 Berkenheade, 2 to speak about my assessment of 421. to the 
 Loyal Sufferers ; which, I perceive, I cannot help ; but he 
 tells me I have been abused by Sir B. Ford. Thence called 
 at the Major-General's, Sir R. Browne, about my being 
 assessed armes to the militia ; but he was abroad ; and so 
 driving through the back-side of the shambles in Newgate 
 Market, my coach plucked down two pieces of beef into the 
 
 1 Andrew Rutherford, son of William Eutherford, of Quarry-holes, went young 
 into the French service, and became a lieutenant-general of that kingdom. At 
 the Restoration, he brought over an honourable testimony from the King of 
 France, and was created a Baron of Scotland, and in 1663 advanced to the Earl- 
 dom of Teviot, for his management of the sale of Dunkirk, of which he was 
 Governor. He was afterwards appointed Governor of Tangier, and was killed by 
 the Moors in 1664: dying without issue, his earldom became extinct; but the 
 barony of Rutherford descended, according to the patent, to Sir Thomas Ruther- 
 ford, of Hunthill. 
 
 a Sir John Berkenhead, F.R.S., a political author, held in some esteem, M.P. for 
 Wilton, 1661, and knighted the following year, Master of the Faculty Office, and 
 Court of Requests. Ob. 1679. 
 
360 DIAKY OF [19th Deo, 
 
 dirt, upon which the butchers stopped the horses, and a great 
 rout of people in the street, crying that he had done him 40s. 
 and 51. worth of hurt ; but, going down, I saw that he had 
 done little or none ; and so I give them a shilling for it, and 
 they were well contented : and so home. Lady Batten tells 
 me she hath just now a letter from Sir William, how that he 
 and Sir J. Minnes did very narrowly escape drowning on the 
 roade, the waters are so high ; but is well. But, Lord, what 
 a hypocrite-like face she made to tell it me ! 
 
 16th. To dinner, thinking to have had Mr. Coventry, but 
 he could not go with me ; and so I took Captain Murford : 
 of whom I do hear what the world says of me ; that all do 
 conclude Mr. Coventry, and Pett, and me, to be of a knot ; 
 and that we do now carry all things before us : and much 
 more in particular of me, and my studiousness, &c, to my 
 great content. To White Hall, to Secretary Bennet's, and 
 agreed with Mr. Lee to set upon our new adventure at the 
 Tower to-morrow. 
 
 17th. This morning come Mr. Lee, Wade, and Evett, in- 
 tending to have gone upon our new design to the Tower ; but 
 it raining, and the work being to be done in the open garden, 
 we put it oif to Friday next. 
 
 18th. Mr. Coventry inviting himself to my house to dinner, 
 of which I was proud ; hut my dinner being a legg of mutton 
 and two capons, they were not done enough, which did vex 
 me : but we made shift to please him, I think ; but I, when 
 he was gone, very angry with my wife and people. 
 
 19th. Up and by appointment with Mr. Lee, Wade, Evett, 
 and workmen, to the Tower, and with the Lieutenant's leave 
 set them to work in the garden, in the corner against the 
 mayne-guard, a most unlikely place. It being cold, Mr. Lee 
 and I did sit all the day till three o'clock by the fire in the 
 Governor's house; I reading a play of Fletcher's, being "A 
 Wife for a Month," wherein no great wit or language. We 
 went to them at work, and having wrought below the bottom 
 of the foundation of the wall, I bid them give over, and so all 
 our hopes ended. Home, a little displeased with my wife, 
 who, poor wretch, is troubled with her lonely life, which I 
 
1M2.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 3tfl 
 
 know not how, without great charge, to help as yet, but I 
 will study how to do it. 
 
 20th. To the office, and thence with Mr. Coventry in his 
 coach to St. James's, with great content and pride to see him 
 treat me so friendly ; and dined with him, and so to White 
 Hall together : where we met upon the Tangier Commission, 
 and discoursed many things thereon : but little will be done 
 before my Lord Rutherford comes there, as to the fortifica- 
 tion and Mole. That done, my Lord Sandwich and I walked 
 together a good while in the matted gallery, he acquainting 
 me with his late enquiries into the Wardrobe business to his 
 content ; and he tells me how things stand. And that the 
 first year was worth about 3000?. to him, and the next about 
 as much; so that, at this day, if be were paid, it will be 
 worth about 7000Z. to him. But it contents me, above all 
 things, to see him trust me as his confident : so I bid him 
 good night, he being to go into the country, to keep his 
 Christmas, on Monday next. 
 
 21st. (Lord's day.) To White Hall, and there to chapel, 
 and from thence up stairs, and up and down the bouse and 
 gallerys on the King's and Queen's side, and so through the 
 garden to my Lord's lodgings, where there was Mr. Gibbons, 
 Madge, Mallard, and Pagett ; and by and by comes in my 
 Lord Sandwich, and so we had great store of good musique. 
 By and by comes in my simple Lord Cbandois, 1 who, my Lord 
 Sandwich being gone out to court, began to sing psalms, but 
 so dully that I was weary of it. At last we broke up ; and 
 by and by comes in my Lord Sandwich again, and he and I 
 to talk together about his businesses, and so he to bed, and I 
 and Mr. Creed and Captain Ferrers fell to a cold goose pye 
 of Mrs. Sarah's, heartily. 
 
 22d. To my Lord's, who is getting himself ready for his 
 journey to Hinchingbroke. I walked to Mr. Coventry's 
 chamber, where I found him gone out into the Park with the 
 Duke, so I shifted myself into a riding-habitt, and followed 
 him through White Hall, and in the Park Mr. Coventry's 
 people having a horse ready for me, so fine a one that I was 
 almost afraid to get upon him, but I did, and found myself 
 
 ' William Brydges, seventh Lord Charidos. Ob. 1676. 
 
 Vol. L— 34 
 
362 DIARY OP [24th Deo. 
 
 more feared : than hurt ; and followed the Duke, who, with 
 some of his people, among others, Mr. Coventry, was riding 
 out ; and with them to Hide Park ; where Mr. Coventry 
 asking leave of the Duke, he bid us go to Woolwich. So he 
 and I to the water-side, and our horses coming by the ferry, 
 we by oars over to Lambeth, and from thence, with brave 
 discourse by the way, rode to "Woolwich, where we put in 
 practice my new way of the Call-booke, which will be of great 
 use. Here we got up again, and brought night home with 
 us, and fresh weather Home and presently shifted myself, 
 and so had the barber come ; and my wife and I to read 
 " Ovid's Metamorphoses," which I brought her home from 
 Paul's Churchyard to-night. 
 
 23d. To make up my accounts, and find that my ordinary 
 housekeeping comes to 11. a month, which is a great deal. 
 Dr. Pierce tells me that my Lady Castlemaine's interest at 
 Court increases, and is more and greater than the Queen's ; 
 that she hath brought in Sir H. Bennet, and Sir Charles 
 Barkeley ; but that the Queen is a most good lady, and 
 takes all with the greatest meekness that may be. He tells 
 me, also, that Mr. Edward Montagu is quite broke at Court 
 with his repute and purse ; and that he lately was engaged in 
 a quarrell against my Lord Chesterfield : but that the King 
 did cause it to be taken up. He tells me, too, that the King 
 is much concerned in the Chancellor's sickness, and that the 
 Chancellor is as great, he thinks, as ever with the King. He 
 also tells me what the world says of me, " that Mr. Coventry 
 and I do all the business of the office almost :" at which I am 
 highly proud. 
 
 24th. To my bookseller's, and paid at another shop Al. 10s. 
 for Stephens's " Thesaurus Grsecse Linguae," given to Paul's 
 Schoole. 2 To my Lord Crewe's, and dined alone with him. 
 I understand there are great factions at Court, and something 
 he said that did imply a difference like to be between the 
 King and the Duke, in case the Queen should not be with 
 child : I understand about this bastard. 3 He says, also, that 
 some great man will be aimed at when Parliament comes to 
 
 1 The vulgarism is still common. See December 27th, 1661, ante. 
 
 * Shortly afterwards created Duke of Monmouth. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 363 
 
 sit again ; I understand, the Chancellor : and that there is a 
 bill will be brought in, that none that have been in armes for 
 the Parliament shall be capable of office ; and that the Court 
 are weary of my Lord Albemarle and Chamberlain. 1 He wishes 
 that my Lord Sandwich had some good occasion to be abroad 
 this summer which is coming on, and that my Lord Hinching- 
 broke were well married, and Sydney 2 had some place at 
 Court. He pities the poor ministers that are put out, to 
 whom, he says, the King is beholden for his coming in, and 
 that if any such thing had been foreseen, he had never come 
 in. After this, and much other discourse of the sea, and 
 breeding young gentlemen to the sea, I went away, and 
 homeward. Met Mr. Creed at my bookseller's, in Paul's 
 Church-yard, who takes it ill my letter last night to Mr. 
 Povy, wherein I accuse him of the neglect of the Tangier 
 boats, in which I must confess I did not do altogether like a 
 friend ; but however, it was truth, and I must own it to be 
 so, though I fall wholly out with him for it. This evening, 
 Mr. Gauden sent me, against Christmas, a great chine of 
 beef and three dozen of tongues. I did give 5s. to the man 
 that brought it, and half a crown to the porters. This day, 
 also, the parish-clerk brought the general bills of mortality, 
 which cost me half a crown more. 
 
 25th. (Christmas day.) Had a pleasant walk to White 
 Hall, where I intended to have received the Communion 
 with the family, but I come a little too late. • So I walked 
 up into the house, and spent my time looking over pictures, 
 particularly the ships in King Henry the VIHth's voyage to 
 Bullaen ; 3 marking the great difference between those built 
 then and now. By and by down to the chapel again, where 
 
 1 Edward Earl of Manchester. 
 
 3 Lord Sandwich's second son, who married afterwards Anne, daughter and 
 heir of Sir Erancis Wortley of Wortley, by whom he was father of Edward Wortley 
 Montagu, the husband of the celebrated Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. Their 
 daughter married John Stuart, third Earl of Bute, whose second son took the namo 
 and estates of Wortley, and was father of the first Lord Wharncliffe. 
 
 3 Boulogne. These pictures were given by George III. to the Society of Anti- 
 quaries, who in return presented to the King a set of Hearne's works, on large 
 paper. The pictures were reclaimed by G-eorge IV., and are now at Hampton 
 Court. They have been engraved in the Vetusta Monumenta, published by the 
 Society. The set cf Hearne's works is now in the King's Library, in the British 
 Museum. 
 
364 DIARY OF [26th Dec. 
 
 Bishop Morley 1 preached upon the song of the Angels> 
 " Glory to God on high, on earth peace, and good will 
 towards men." Methought he made but a poor sermon, 
 but long, and, reprehending the common jollity of the Court 
 for the true joy that shall and ought to be on these days, 
 he particularized concerning their excess in playes and 
 gaming, saying that he whose office it is to keep the game- 
 sters in order and within bounds, serves but for a second 
 rather in a duell, meaning the groome-porter. Upon which 
 it was worth observing how far they are come from taking 
 the reprehensions of a bishop seriously, that they all laugh in 
 the chapel when he reflected on their ill actions and courses. 
 He did much press us to joy in these public days of joy, and 
 to hospitality ; but one that stood by whispered in my eare 
 that the Bishop do not spend one groate to the poor himself. 
 The sermon done, a good anthem followed with vialls, and 
 the King come down to receive the Sacrament. But I staid 
 not, but calling my boy from my Lord's lodgings, and giving 
 Sarah some good advice by my Lord's order to be sober, and 
 look after the house, I walked home again with great pleasure, 
 and there dined by my wife's bed-side with great content, 
 having a mess of brave plum-porridge and a roasted pullet 
 for dinner, and I sent for a mince-pie abroad, my wife not 
 being well, to make any herself yet. 
 
 26th. To the Wardrobe. Hither come Mr. Battersby; 
 and we falling into discourse of a new book of drollery in use, 
 called Hudebras, I would needs go find it out, and met with 
 it at the Temple : cost me 2s. Qd. But when I come to read 
 it, it is so silly an abuse of the Presbyter Knight going to 
 the wars, that I am ashamed of it ; and by and by meeting 
 at Mr. Townsend's at dinner, I sold it to him for 18<^. To 
 the Duke's house, and saw the "Villaine." Here I was 
 better pleased with the play than I was at first, 2 understand- 
 ing the design better than I did. Here I saw Gosnell and 
 her sister at a distance, and could have found in my heart 
 to have accosted them, but thought it not prudent. Home, 
 
 ' George Morley, Bishop of Winchester, to which See he was translated from 
 Worcester, in 1662. Ob. 1684. 
 2 Bee 20th October, 1662. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 365 
 
 and found my wife busy among her pies. We are both dis- 
 pleased for some slight words that Sarah, now at Sir W. Pen's, 
 hath spoke of us, but it is no matter. We shall endeavour 
 to joyne the lion's skin to the fox's tail. 
 
 27th. With my wife to the Duke's Theatre, and saw the 
 second part of "Rhodes," 1 done with the new Eoxalana; 
 which do it rather better in all respects for person, voice, and 
 judgment, than the first Roxalana. Not so well pleased with 
 the company at the house to-day, which was full of citizens — 
 there hardly being a gallant man or woman in the house. 
 
 28th. (Lord's day.) With my wife to church, and coming 
 out, went out both before my Lady Batten, he not being 
 there, which I believe will vex her. To the French 
 church, where I heard an old man make a tedious long 
 sermon, till they were fain to light candles to baptize the 
 children by. 
 
 29th. To Westminster Hall, where I staid reading at Mrs. 
 Mitchell's shop. She told me what I heard not of before, 
 the strange burning of Mr. de Laun, a merchant's house in 
 Loathbury, and his lady, Sir Thomas Allen's daughter, and 
 her whole family ; not one thing, dog nor cat, escaping ; 2 nor 
 any of the neighbours almost hearing of it till the house was 
 quite down and burnt. How this should come to pass, God 
 knows, but a most strange thing it is ! Hither come Jack 
 Spicer, and talked of Exchequer matters, and how the Lord 
 Treasurer [Southampton] hath now ordered all monies to be 
 brought into the Exchequer, and hath settled the King's 
 revenues, and given to every general expence proper assign- 
 ments ; to the Navy 200,000Z. and odde. He also told me of 
 the great vast trade of the goldsmiths in supplying the King 
 with money at dear rates. Thence to White Hall, and got up 
 to the top gallerys in the Banquetting House, to see the 
 audience of the Russia Embassadors ; 3 which took place after 
 
 1 "The Siege of Rhodes," mentioned before, July 2, 1661. 
 
 3 The seven inmates all perished. — Rugge's Diurnal. 
 
 3 "On Monday laBt, betwixt two and three in the afternoon, His Majesty gave 
 audience to the great Lord Ambassador, the great Duke and Governor of Toulsky, 
 Peeter, the son of Simon, surnamed Prozorofskee, to the Lord Governor of 
 Coarmeski, John, the son of Offonassey, surnamed Zelebousky, and Juan 
 Stephano, Chancellor, <&c, Ambassadors from the Emperor of Russia. Thftj 
 
 34* 2a 
 
366 DIARY OF [30th Deo. 
 
 our Jong waiting and fear of the falling of the gallery, it being 
 so full and part of it being parted from the rest, for nobody to 
 come up, merely from the weaknesse thereof: and very hand- 
 some it was. After they had come in, I went down and got 
 through the croude almost as high as the King and the Em- 
 bassadors, where I saw all the presents, being rich furs, 
 hawkes, carpets, cloths of tissue, and sea-horse teeth. The 
 King took two or three hawkes upon his fist, having a glove 
 on, wrought with gold, given him for the purpose. The son 
 of one of the Embassadors was in the richest suit for pearl and 
 tissue, that ever I did see, or shall, I believe. After they 
 and all the company had kissed the King's hand, then the 
 three Embassadors and the son, and no more, did kiss the 
 Queen's. One thing more I did observe, that the chief Em- 
 bassador did carry up his master's letters in state before him 
 on high ; and as soon as he had delivered them, he did fall 
 down to the ground, and lay there a great while. After all 
 was done, the company broke up ; and I spent a little while 
 walking up and down the gallery seeing the ladies, the two 
 Queens, and the Duke of Monmouth ' with his little mistress, 2 
 which is very little, and like my brother-in-law's wife. Sat 
 late talking with my wife, about our entertaining Dr. Clerke's 
 lady and Mrs. Pierce shortly, being in great pain that my 
 wife hath never a winter gown, being almost ashamed of it 
 that she should be seen in a taffata one, when all the world 
 wears moyre ; 3 but we could not come to any resolution what 
 to do therein, other than to appear as she is. 
 
 30th. Visited Mrs. Ferrers, and staid talking with her a 
 good while, there being a little, proud, ugly, talking lady 
 there, that was much crying up the Queen-Mother's Court at 
 Somerset House above our own Queen's ; there being before 
 her no allowance of laughing and the mirth that is at the 
 
 passed along from York House to White Hall through His Majesties guards 
 who stood on both sides of the street, and made a lane for their more orderly 
 procession." — Mercuriua Puhlicua, Jan. 1, 1662-3. 
 
 1 The Duke of Monmouth is here spoken of by anticipation, or else Pepys ha« 
 corrected the entry at a later time. He was not created Duke until 14th Feb., 
 1662-3. 
 
 3 Lady Anne Scott. 
 
 " By moyre is meant mohair. See the note on ferrandin, Jan. 28th, 1662-3. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 3(57 
 
 other's ; and indeed it is observed that the greatest Court 
 now-a-days is there. Thence to White Hall, where I carried 
 my wife to see the Queen in her presence-chamber ; and the 
 maydes of honour and the young Duke of Monmouth playing 
 at cards. Some of them, and but a few, were very pretty ; 
 though all well dressed in velvet gowns. Thence to my Lord's 
 lodgings, where Mrs. Sarah did make us my Lord's bed. 
 
 31st. William Bowyer tells me how the difference comes 
 between his fair cozen Butler and Colonel Dillon, upon his 
 opening letters of her brother's from Ireland, complaining of 
 his knavery, and forging others to the contrary ; and so they 
 are long ago quite broke off. Mr. Povy and I to White 
 Hall ; he taking me thither on purpose to carry me into the 
 ball this night before the King. He brought me first to the 
 Duke's chamber, where I saw him and the Duchess at supper ; 
 and thence into the room where the ball was to be, crammed 
 with fine ladies, the greatest of the Court. By and by, comes 
 the King and Queen, the Duke and Duchess, and all the great 
 ones : and after seating themselves, the King takes out the 
 Duchess of York ; and the Duke, the Duchess of Bucking- 
 ham ; the Duke of Monmouth, my Lady Castlemaine ; and so 
 other lords other ladies : and they danced the Brantle. 1 After 
 that the King led a lady a single Coranto ; and then the rest 
 of the lords, one after another, other ladies : very noble it 
 was, and great pleasure to see. Then to country dances ; 
 the King leading the first, which he called for, which was, 
 says he, " Cuckolds all awry," 2 the old dance of England. Of 
 the ladies that danced, the Duke of Monmouth's mistress, 
 and my Lady Castlemaine, and a daughter of Sir Harry de 
 Vicke's, 3 were the best. The manner was, when the King 
 dances, all the ladies in the room, and the Queen herself, 
 stand up : and indeed he dances rarely, and much better than 
 
 1 Eranle. Espfece de danse de plusieurs personnes, qui se tiennent par la main, 
 et qui se menent tour-a-tour. — Dictionnaire de V 'Academic 
 
 3 The tune of " Cuckolds all awry" may be seen in Chappell's Collection. 
 
 3 Sir Henry de Vic, of Guernsey, Bart., had been twenty years Resident for 
 Charles II. at Brussels, and was Chancellor of the Order of the Garter, and in 
 1662 became Comptroller of the Duke of York's Household, with a. salary of 
 400£. He died in 1672, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. His only 
 daughter, Anne Charlotta, married John Lord Frescheville, Baron of Stavely, in 
 Derbyshire. 
 
368 DIARY OF [31st Doa. 
 
 the Duke of York. Having staid here as long as I thought 
 fit, to my infinite content, it being the greatest pleasure I 
 could wish now to see at Court, I went home, leaving them 
 dancing. 
 
 Thus ends this year, with great mirth to me and my wife. 
 Our condition being thus : — we are at present spending a 
 night or two at my Lord's lodgings at White Hall. Our 
 home at the Navy Office, which is and hath a pretty while 
 been in good condition, finished and made very convenient. 
 By my last year's diligence in my office, blessed be God ! I am 
 come to a good degree of knowledge therein ; and am acknow- 
 ledged so by all the world, even the Duke himself, to whom I 
 have a good access : and by that, and by my being Commis- 
 sioner for Tangier, he takes much notice of me ; and I doubt 
 not but, by the continuance of the same endeavours, I shall in 
 a little time come to be a man much taken notice of in the 
 world, specially being come to so great an esteem with Mr. 
 Coventry. Publick matters stand thus : The King is bring- 
 ing, it is said, his family, and Navy, and all other his charges, 
 to a less expence. In the mean time, himself following his 
 pleasures more than with good advice he would do ; at least, 
 to be seen to all the world to do so. His dalliance with my 
 Lady Castlemaine being publick, every day, to his great 
 reproach ; and his favouring of none at Court so much as 
 those that are the confidants of his pleasure, as Sir H. Bennet 
 and Sir Charles Barkeley ; which, good God, put it into his 
 heart to mend, before he makes himself too much contemned 
 by his people for it ! The Duke of Monmouth is in so great 
 splendour at Court, and so dandled by the King, that some 
 doubt that, if the King should have no child by the Queen, 
 which there is yet no appearance of, whether he would not be 
 acknowledged for a lawful son ; and that there will be a 
 difference follow between the Duke of York and him ; which 
 God prevent ! My Lord Chancellor is threatened by people 
 to be questioned, the next sitting of the Parliament, by some 
 spirits that do not love to see him so great : but certainly he 
 is a good servant to the King. The Queen-Mother is said to 
 keep too great a Court now; and her being married to my 
 Lord St. Albans is commonly talked of; and that they had a 
 
1662-83.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 3g9 
 
 daughter between them in France; how true, God knows. 
 The Bishops are high, and go on without any diffidence in 
 pressing uniformity ; and the Presbyters seem silent in it, 
 and either conform or lay down, though without doubt they 
 expect a turn, and would be glad these endeavours of the 
 other Fanatiques would take effect ; there having been a plot 
 lately found out, for which four have been publickly tried at the 
 Old Bayley and hanged. My Lord Sandwich is still in good 
 esteem, and now keeping his Christmas in the country ; and 
 I in good esteem, I think, as any man can be, with him. Mr. 
 Moore is very sickly, and I doubt will hardly get over his late 
 fit of sickness, that still hangs on him. In fine, for the good 
 condition of myself, wife, family, and estate, in the great 
 degree that it is, and for the public state of the nation, so 
 quiet as it is, the Lord God be praised ! 
 
 .1662-63. 
 
 January 1st. To White Hall, where I spent a little time 
 walking among the courtiers, which I perceive I shall be able 
 to do with great confidence, being now beginning to be pretty 
 well known among them. Among other discourse, Mrs. 
 Sarah tells us how the King sups at least four times every 
 week with my Lady Castlemaine ; and most often stays till 
 the morning with her, and goes home through the garden all 
 alone privately, and that so as the very sentrys take notice of 
 it and speak of it ; and that about a month ago Lady 
 Castlemaine quickened at my Lord Gerard's 1 at dinner, and 
 cried out that she was undone ; and all the lords and men 
 were fain to quit the room, and women called to help her. 
 In fine, I find that there is nothing almost but wonder at 
 Court from top to bottom, as, if it were fit, I could instance, 
 
 * Charles Gerard, created Baron Gerard of Brandon, November 8, 164£, 
 Gentleman of the Bedchamber to Charles II., and Captain of his Guards; 
 advanced to the Earldom of Macclesfield 1679, and died about 1693. His wife, 
 mentioned afterwards, was a French lady, whose name has not been preserved; 
 but she bore him two sons, with the youngest of whom, Fytton, the third Earl, 
 the honours expired, in 1702. Macclesfield House, then Lord Gerard's residence, 
 was in Soho. The names are preserved in Macclesfield Street and Gerard Street. 
 
370 DIAET OF [5tl Jan. 
 
 but it is not necessary ; only they say that my Lord Chester- 
 field, Groom of the Stole to the Queen, is either gone or put 
 away from Court upon the score of his lady's having smitten 
 the Duke of York, so as that he is watched by the Duchess 
 of York, and the lady is retired into the country upon it. 
 How much of this is true, God knows, but it is common talk. 
 After dinner, to the Duke's house, where we saw "The Vil- 
 laine" againe; and the more I see it, the more I am offended 
 at my first undervaluing the play, it being very good and 
 pleasant, and yet a true and allowable tragedy. The house 
 was full of citizens, and so the less pleasant, but that I was 
 willing to make an end of my gaddings. Here we saw the 
 old Koxalana 1 in the chief box, in a velvet gown, as the 
 fashion is, and very handsome, at which I was glad. 
 
 2d. To see Sir W. Pen, who is fallen sick again. I staid 
 a while talking to him, and so to my office, practising 
 arithmetique. 
 
 4th. (Lord's day.) Up and to church, where a lazy 
 sermon. My wife did propound my having of my sister Pall 
 again to be her woman, since one we must have, it being a 
 very great trouble to me that I should have a sister of so ill 
 a nature, that I must be forced to spend money upon a 
 stranger, when it might better be upon her, if she were good 
 for anything. 
 
 5th. To the Duke, who himself told me that Sir J. Lawson 
 was come home to Portsmouth from the Streights, with great 
 renown among all men, and, I perceive, mightily esteemed at 
 Court by all. The Duke did not stay long in his chamber, 
 whither, by and by, the Russian Embassadors come ; who, it 
 seems, have a custom that they will not come to have any 
 treaty with our or any King's Commissioners, but they will 
 themselves see at the time the face of the King himself, be it 
 forty days one after another ; and so they did to-day only go 
 in and see the King ; and so out again to the Council-chamber. 
 To the Duke's closet, where Sir G. Carteret, Sir J. Minnes, 
 Sir W. Batten, Mr. Coventry, and myself attended him about 
 the business of the Navy ; and, after much discourse and 
 
 1 Mrs. Davenport. 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 371 
 
 pleasant talk, he went away. To the Cockpitt, where we 
 saw " Claracilla," a poor play, done by the King's house; 
 but neither the King nor the Queen were there, but only the 
 Duke and Duchess, who did show some impertinent, and, 
 methought, unnaturall dalliances there, before the whole 
 world, such as kissing of hands, and leaning upon one another ; 
 but to my very little content — they not acting in any degree 
 like the Duke's people. 
 
 6th. (Twelfth day.) Into St. Paul's church, and there 
 finding Elborough, my old schoolfellow at Paul's, now a 
 parson, whom I know to be a silly fellow, he tells me, and so 
 do others, that Dr. Calamy is this day sent to Newgate for 
 preaching, Sunday was sennight, without leave, though he did 
 it only to supply the place ; otherwise the people must have 
 gone away without ever a sermon, they being disappointed of 
 a minister : but the Bishop of London will not take that as an 
 excuse. Thence into Wood Street, and there bought a fine 
 table for my dining-room, cost me 50s. ; and while we were 
 buying it, there was a scare-fire in an ally over against us, 
 but they quenched it. To the Duke's house, and there saw 
 Twelfth-Night acted well, though it be but a silly play, and 
 not relating at all to the name or day. Home, and found all 
 well, only myself somewhat vexed at my wife's neglect in 
 leaving of her scarfe, waistcoate, and night-dressings in the 
 coach, to-day, that brought us from Westminster ; though, I 
 confess, she did give them to me to look after. It might be 
 as good as 25s. loss. 
 
 8th. Dined at home ; and there being the famous new 
 play acted the first time to-day, which is called " The Adven- 
 tures of Five Hours," at the Duke's house, being, they say, 
 made or translated by Colonel Tuke, 1 I did long to see it ; 
 and so we went ; and though early, were forced to sit, almost 
 out of sight, at the end of one of the lower formes, so full 
 was the house. And the play, in one word, is the best, for 
 the variety and the most excellent continuance of the plot to 
 
 ' Sir Gsorge Tuke, of Creasing Temple, in Essex, John Evelyn's consin. The 
 play waj taken from the original of the Spanish poet, Calderon. Evelyn saw it 
 on the same occasion. 
 
372 DIARY OP [13th Jan. 
 
 the very end, that ever I saw, or think ever shall, and all 
 possible, not only to be done in the time, but in most other 
 respects very admittable, and without one word of ribaldry; 
 and the house, by its frequent plaudits, did show their suf- 
 ficient approbation. So home ; with much ado in an hour 
 getting a coach home, and now resolving to set up my rest as 
 to plays till Easter, if not Whitsuntide next, excepting plays 
 at Court. 
 
 9th. My wife begun to speak again of the necessity of our 
 keeping somebody to bear her company ; for her familiarity 
 with the other servants is it that spoils them all, and other 
 company she hath none, which is too true. Comes Major 
 Tolhurst, one of my old acquaintance in Cromwell's time, 
 and sometimes of our clubb, to see me, and I could do no 
 less than carry him to the Mitre, Tolhurst telling me the 
 manner of their collierys in the North. 
 
 12th. To the King's Head ordinary, but people being set 
 down, we went to two or three places ; at last found some 
 meat at a Welch cook's at Charing Crosse, and here dined 
 and our boys. Mine had struck down Creed's boy in the 
 dirt, with his new suit on, and the boy taken by a gentle- 
 woman into a house to make clean, but the poor boy was in 
 a pitiful taking and pickle, but I basted my rogue soundly. 
 I found my Lord within, and he and I went out through the 
 garden, towards the Duke's chamber, to sit upon the Tangier 
 matters ; but a lady called to my Lord out of my Lady 
 Castlemaine's lodging, telling him that the King was there, 
 and would speak with him. My Lord could not tell me 
 what to say at the Committee to excuse his absence, but that 
 he was with the King ; nor would suffer me to go into the 
 Privy Garden, which is now a thorough passage and common, 
 but bid me go through some other way, which I did ; so that 
 I see he is a servant of the King's pleasures too, as well as 
 business. To my Lady Batten's, and set with her a while, 
 but I did it out of design to get some oranges for my feast to- 
 morrow of her, which I did. So home, and found my wife's 
 new gown come home, and she mightily pleased with it. 
 
 13th. My poor wife rose by five o'clock in the morning, 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 373 
 
 before day, and went to market and bought fowles and many 
 other things for dinner, with which I was highly pleased, anl 
 the chine of beef was down also before six o'clock, and my 
 own jacke, of which I was doubtfull, do carry it very well, 
 things being put in order, and the cook come. By and by 
 comes Dr. Clerke, and his lady, his sister,, and a she-cozen, 
 and Mr. Pierce and his wife, which was all my guests. I had 
 for them, after oysters, at first course, a hash of rabbits and 
 lamb, and a rare chine of beef. Next, a great dish of roasted 
 fowle, cost me about 30s., and a tart, and then fruit and 
 cheese. My dinner was noble, and enough. I had my 
 house mighty clean and neat ; my room below with a good 
 fire in it ; my dining-room above, and my chamber being 
 made a withdrawing-chamber ; and my wife's a good fire, 
 also. I find my new table very proper, and will hold nine or 
 ten people well, but eight with great room. At supper, had 
 a good sack posset and cold meat, and sent my guests away 
 about ten o'clock at night, both them and myself highly 
 pleased with our management of this day ; and indeed their 
 company was very fine, and Mrs. Clerke a very witty, fine 
 lady, though a little conceited and proud. I believe this 
 day's feast will cost me near 51. 
 
 14th. Examining part of my sea-manuscript with great 
 pleasure, my wife sitting working by me. 
 
 15th. Mr. Coventry to dine with me, I having a wild goose 
 roasted, and a cold chine of beef and a barrel of oysters ; and 
 then he and I to fit ourselves for horseback, he having brought 
 me a horse ; and so to Deptford, the ways being very dirty. 
 Did our main business, which was to examine the proof of 
 our new way of the call-bookes, which we think will be of 
 great use. And so I home with his horse, leaving him to go 
 over the fields to Lambeth. 
 
 16th. Mr. Battersby, the apothecary, coming to see me, I 
 called for the cold chine of beef, and made him eat, and drink 
 wine, and talked, there being with us Captain Brewer, the 
 paynter, who tells me how highly the Presbyters do talk in 
 the coffee-houses still, which I wonder at. 
 
 17th. To the Duke's playhouse, where we did see " The 
 
 Vol. I. — 35 
 
374 DIARY OF [19th Jan 
 
 Five Hours' " entertainment again, which indeed is a very 
 fine play, though, through my being out of order, it did not 
 seem so good as at first ; but I could discern it was not any 
 fault in the play. To the China alehouse, and so home. 
 
 18th. (Lord's day.) I went to church. Then to Sir W. 
 Pen's, to see how he do, and find him pretty well, and ready 
 to go abroad again. 
 
 19th. To wait on my Lord Sandwich, whom I found not 
 very well, and Dr. Clerke with him. He is feverish, and 
 hath sent for Mr. Pierce to let him blood. Then to the 
 Duke; and in his closet discoursed as we used to do, and 
 then broke up. Singled out Mr. Coventry into the matted 
 gallery, and there I told him the complaints I meet every 
 day about our Treasurer's or his people's paying no money 
 but at the goldsmiths' shop, where they are forced to pay 
 fifteen, or twenty sometimes, per cent, for their money, which 
 is a most horrid shame, and that which must not be suffered. 
 Nor is it likely that the Treasurer — at least, his people — will 
 suffer Maynell the Goldsmith to go away with 10,000Z. per 
 annum, as he do now get, by making people pay after this 
 manner for their money. To Mr. Povy's, where really he 
 made a most excellent and large dinner, of their variety, even 
 to admiration, he bidding us, in a frolique, to call for what 
 we had a mind, and he would undertake to give it us ; and 
 we did for prawns, swan, venison, after I had thought the dinner 
 was quite done, and he did immediately produce it, which I 
 thought great plenty, and he seems to set up his rest in this 
 plenty, and the neatness of his house, which he after dinner 
 showed me, from room to room, so beset with delicate pictures ; 
 and, above all, a piece of perspective in his closet in the low 
 parlour : his stable, where was some most delicate horses, and 
 the very racks painted and mangers, with a neat leaden 
 painted cistern, and the walls done with Dutch tiles, like my 
 chimnies. But still, above all things, he bid me go down 
 into his wine-cellar, where, upon several shelves, there stood 
 bottles of all sorts of wine, new and old, with labells pasted 
 upon each bottle, and in the order and plenty as I never saw 
 books in a bookseller's shop ; and herein, I observe, he puts 
 
1662-03.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 375 
 
 his highest content, and will accordingly commend all that he 
 hath ; but still they deserve to be so. Here dined with me 
 Dr. Moore. To my Lord Chancellor's, where the King was 
 to meet my Lord Treasurer and many great men, to settle 
 the revenue of Tangier. I staid talking awhile there, but the 
 King not coming, I walked to my brother's. This day, by 
 Dr. Clerke, I was told the occasion of my Lord Chesterfield's 
 going and taking his lady, my Lord Ormond's daughter, from 
 Court. It seems, he not only hath been long jealous of the 
 Duke of York, but did find them two talking together, though 
 there were others in the room, and the lady, by all opinions, 
 a most good, virtuous woman. He, the next day, of which 
 the Duke was warned by somebody that saw the passion my 
 Lord Chesterfield was in the night before, went and told the 
 Duke how much he did apprehend himself wronged, in his 
 picking out his lady of the whole Court to be the subject of 
 his dishonour ; which the Duke did answer with great calm- 
 ness, not seeming to understand the reason of complaint, and 
 that was all that passed : but my Lord did presently pack his 
 lady into the country in Derbyshire, near the Peake j 1 which 
 is become a proverb at Court, to send a man's wife to the 
 Peake when she vexes him. 
 
 21st. Dined at Mr. Ackworth's, 2 where a pretty dinner, 
 and she a pretty, modest woman ; but, above all things, we 
 saw her Rocke, which is one of the finest things done by a 
 woman that ever I saw. I must have my wife to see it. On 
 board the Elias, and found the timber brought by her from 
 the forest of Deane to be exceeding good. 
 
 22d. Mr. Dixon come to dine with me, to give me an 
 account of his success with Mr. Wheatly, for his daughter for 
 my brother ; and in short is, that his daughter cannot fancy 
 my brother, because of his imperfection in his speech, which 
 I am sorry for, but there the business must die. With the 
 rest of the officers to Mr. Russell's buriall, where we had 
 wine and rings, and a great and good company of the alder- 
 
 1 Bretby Hall, the country-seat of the Earls of Chesterfield, is no longer standing. 
 There ia a good view *f it by Knyff and Kip. 
 1 Who held some office in Deptford Yard. 
 
376 DIARY OF [25th Jan. 
 
 men and the livery of the Skinners' Company. We went to 
 St. Dunstan's in the East church, where sermon, but I staid 
 not. To my Lord's, and there find him expecting his fit to- 
 night of an ague. 
 
 23d. Mr. Grant and I to a coffee-house, where Sir J. 
 Cutler : was ; and he did fully make out that the trade of 
 England is as great as ever it was, only in more hands ; and 
 that of all trades there is a greater number than ever there 
 was, by reason of men's taking more 'prentices. His dis- 
 course was well worth hearing. I bought "Audley's "Way 
 to be Rich," 2 a serious pamphlett, and some good things 
 worth my minding. Meeting Sir W. Batten, drunk more. 
 Much discourse, but little to be learned, but of a design in 
 the North of a rising, which is discovered, among some men 
 of condition, and they sent for up. To see Sir W. Pen, 
 where was Sir J. Lawson and his lady and daughter, which 
 is pretty enough. 
 
 25th. (Lord's day.) I understand the King of France is 
 upon consulting his Divines upon the old question, what the 
 power of the Pope is ? and do intend to make war against 
 him, unless he do right him for the wrong his Embassador 
 received ; 3 and banish the Cardinall Imperiall ; by which I 
 understand is not meant the Cardinall belonging or chosen 
 
 1 Citizen and grocer of London ; most severely handled by Pope. Two 
 statues were erected to his memory — one in the College of Physicians, and the 
 other in the Grocers' Hall. They were erected and one removed (that in the 
 College of Physicians) before Pope stigmatized " sage Cutler." Pope says that 
 Sir John Cutler had an only daughter ; in fact, he had two : one married to Lord 
 Radnor; the other, mentioned afterwards by Pepys, the wife of Sir William 
 Portman. 
 
 ' See note, 23d November, 1662, ante. 
 
 3 On the 20th of August, the Due de CrSqui, then French ambassador at Rome, 
 was insulted by the Corsican armed police, a force whose ignoble duty it was to 
 assist the Sbirri, and the Pope Alexander VII. at first refused reparation for the 
 affront offered to the French. Louis, as in the ease of d'Estrades, took prompt 
 measures. He ordered the Papal Nuncio forthwith to quit France ; he seized upon 
 Avignon, and his army prepared to enter Italy. Alexander found it necessary to 
 submit. In fulfilment of a treaty signed at Pisa in 1664, Cardinal Chigi, the Pope's 
 nephew, came to Paris, to tender the Pope's apology to Louis. The guilty indi- 
 viduals were punished ; the Corsicans banished for ever from the Roman States ; 
 and in front of the guard-house which they had occupied a pyramid was erected, 
 bearing an inscription, which embodied the Pope's apology This pyramid Louif 
 permitted Clement IX. to destroy on his accession. 
 
1662-63.] SAMUEL PEPYS. §77 
 
 by the Emperor, but the name of bis family is Imperiali. 1 
 To my Lord, who had his ague-fit last night, and I staid 
 talking with him an hour alone in his chamber, about sundry 
 publick and private matters. Among others, he wonders 
 what the project should be of the Duke's going down to 
 Portsmouth again now with his lady, at this time of the year : 
 it being no way, we think, to increase bis popularity, which 
 is not great ; nor yet safe to do it, for that reason, if it would 
 have any such effect. Captain Ferrers tells me of my Lady 
 Castlemaine's and Sir Charles Barkeley being the great 
 favourites at Court, and growing every day more and more so ; 
 and that upon a late dispute between my Lord Chesterfield, 
 that is the Queen's Lord Chamberlain, and Mr. Edward 
 Montagu, her Master of the Horse, who should have the 
 precedence in taking the Queen's upperhand abroad out of 
 the house, ■which Mr. Montagu challenges, it was given to 
 my Lord Chesterfield. So that I perceive he goes down the 
 wind in honour as well as every thing else, every day. A 
 messenger is come, that tells us how Colonel Honiwood, who 
 was well yesterday at Canterbury, was flung by his horse in 
 getting up, and broke his scull, and so is dead. 2 
 
 26th. By water with Sir W. Batten to Whitehall. I met 
 with Monsieur Baby, who is lately come from France. He 
 tells me that my Lord Hinchingbroke and his brother do 
 little improve there, and are much neglected in their habits 
 and other things ; but I do believe he hath a mind to go 
 over as their tutour, and so I am not apt to believe what he 
 says therein. I had a great deal of very good discourse with 
 him, concerning the difference between the French and the 
 Pope, and the occasion, which he told me very particularly, 
 and to my great content ; and of most of the chief affairs of 
 France, which I did enquire : and that the King is a most 
 excellent Prince, doing all business himself: and that it is 
 
 1 Lorenzo Imperiali, of Genoa. He had been appointed Governor of Rome by 
 Innocent X., in 1654, and be bad acted in tbat capacity at tbe time of the 
 tumult. 
 
 3 Colonel Henry Honywood, of Little Archer's Court River, Kent, who had 
 taken up arms against Charles I. He was tbe son of Arthur Honywood, of 
 Lincoln's Inn and Maidstone and had sepulture at Christ Church, Canterbury 
 Hasted's Kent, vol. iv. p. 40. 
 
 35* 
 
578 DIARY OF [30th Jan. 
 
 true he hath a mistress, Mademoiselle La Vali&re, one of the 
 Princess Henriette's women, that he courts for his pleasure 
 every other day, but not so as to make him neglect his 
 publick affairs. He tells me bow the King do carry himself 
 nobly to the relations of the dead Cardinal!, 1 and will not 
 suffer one pasquill to come forth against him ; and that he 
 acts by what directions he received from him before his 
 death. 
 
 27th. I have news this day from Cambridge that my 
 brother hath had his bachelor's cap put on ; but that which 
 troubles me is, that he hath the pain of the stone, it begin- 
 ning just as mine did. I pray God help him. 
 
 28th. To my Lord Sandwich's, whom I find missing his 
 ague fit to-day, and is pretty well, playing at dice, and by this 
 I see how time and example may alter a man ; he being now 
 acquainted with all sorts of pleasures and vanities, which here- 
 tofore he never thought of, nor loved, nor, it may be, hath 
 allowed, with Ned Pickering and his page Lond. To Wotton's, 
 the shoemaker, and there bought another pair of new boots. 
 I drank with him and his wife — a pretty woman, they broach- 
 ing a vessel of cyder on purpose for me. My wife come home, 
 and seeming to cry ; for, bringing home in a coach her new 
 ferrandin 2 waistecoate, in Cheapside, a man asked her whether 
 that was the way to the Tower ; and, while she was answer- 
 ing him, another, on the other side, snatched away her bundle 
 out of her lap, and could not be recovered, but ran away with 
 it, which vexes me cruelly, but it cannot be helped. 
 
 30th. A solemn fast for the King's murther, and we were 
 forced to keep it more than we would have clone, having forgot 
 to take any victuals into the house. I to church in the 
 
 1 Cardinal Mazarin. 
 
 'Ferrandin, which was sometimes spelt farendon, was a stuff made of silk 
 mixed with some other material, like what is now called poplin : hoth mohair and 
 farendon are generally cheap materials: for in the case of Manby v. Scott, decided 
 in the Exchequer Chamber in 1663, and reported in the first vol. of Modern 
 Reports, the question being as to the liability of a husband to pay for goods sup- 
 plied against his consent to his wife, who had separated from him, Mr. Justice 
 Hyd (whose judgment is most amusing) observes, in putting various supposed 
 cases, that "The wife will have a velvet gown and a satin petticoat, and the 
 husband thinks a mohair or farendon for a gown, and watered tabby for a pjtti- 
 ooat, is as fashionable, and fitter for her quality." 
 
1662.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 379 
 
 forenoon, and Mr. Mills made a good sermon upon David's 
 heart smiting him for cutting off the garments of Saul. My 
 manuscript is brought home handsomely bound, to my full 
 content ; and now I think I have a better collection in refer- 
 ence to the Navy, and shall have by the time I have filled 
 it, than any of my predecessors. 
 
 31st. In the evening examining my wife's letter, intended 
 to my Lady, and another to Mademoiselle, they were so false 
 spelt, that T was ashamed of them. 
 
 February 1st. (Lord's day.) To my Lord Sandwich's. 
 Many discourses we had; but, among others, how Sir R. 
 Bernard is turned out of his Recordership of Huntingdon by 
 the Commissioners for Regulation, &c, at which I am troubled, 
 because he, thinking it is done by my Lord Sandwich, will 
 act some of his revenge, it is likely, upon me in my business. 
 This day Creed and I, walking in White Hall, did see the 
 King coming privately from my Lady Castlemaine's ; which 
 is a poor thing for a Prince to do ; and so I expressed my 
 sense of it to Creed, in terms which I should not have done, 
 but that I believe he is trusty in that point. 
 
 2d. "With Sir J. Minnes and Sir W. Batten to the Duke ; 
 and after discourse as usual with him in his closet, I went to 
 my Lord's : the King and the Duke being gone to chapel, it 
 being a collar-day, Candlemas-day ; where I staid with him 
 until towards noon, there being Jonas Moore talking about 
 some mathematical business. With Mr. Coventry down to 
 his chamber, where he did tell me how he do make himself an 
 interest by doing business truly and justly, though he thwarts 
 others greater than himself, not striving to make himself 
 friends by addresses ; and by this he thinks and observes he 
 do live as contentedly, now he finds himself secured from fear 
 of want, and, take one time with another, as void of fear or 
 cares, or more, than they that, as his own termes were, have 
 quicker pleasures and sharper agonies than he. I met Madam 
 Turner, she and her daughter having been at the play to-day 
 at the Temple, it being a revelling time with them. Thence 
 called at my brother's, who is at church, at the buriall of 
 young Cumberland — a lusty young man. 
 
380 DIARY OF [6th Feb. 
 
 4th. To Paul's Schoole, it being Opposition-day there. I 
 heard some of their speeches, and they were just as school- 
 hoys used to be, of the seven liberal sciences ; but I think not 
 so good as our's were in our time. Thence to Bow Church, 
 to the Court of Arches, where a judge sits, and his proctors 
 about him in their habits, and their pleadings all in Latin. 
 Here I was sworn to give a true answer to my uncle's libells. 
 And back again to Paul's School, and went up to see the head 
 forms posed in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew; but I think they 
 do not answer in any so well as we did, only in geography 
 they did pretty well. Dr. Wilkins and Outram 1 were ex- 
 aminers. So down to the school, where Mr. Crumlum did 
 me much honour by telling many what a present I had made 
 to the school, shewing my Stephanus in four volumes. He 
 also shewed us upon my desire an old edition of the grammar 
 of Colett's, where his epistle to the children is very pretty ; 
 and in rehearsing the creed it is said "borne of the cleane 
 Virgin Mary." 
 
 5th. To dinner, and found it so well done, above what I 
 did expect from my maid Susan, now Jane is gone, that I did 
 call her in, and give her sixpence. 
 
 6th. To Lincoln's Inn Fields ; and it being too soon to go 
 to dinner, I walked up and down, and looked upon the out- 
 side of the new theatre building in Covent Garden, 2 which 
 will be very fine. And so to a bookseller's in the Strand, 
 and there bought Hudibras again, it being certainly some ill 
 humour to be so against that which all the world cries up to 
 be the example of wit ; for which I am resolved once more to 
 read him, and see whether I can find it or no. To Mr. 
 Povy's, and there found them at dinner and dined there — 
 there being, among others, Mr. Williamson, 3 Latin secretary, 
 
 1 William Outram, D. D., Prebendary of Westminster. O-b. 1679 : one of the 
 ablest and best of the Conformists, eminent for his piety and charity, and an 
 excellent preacher. 
 
 3 Killigrew's, opened 8th of April, 1663. 
 
 3 Joseph Williamson, Keeper of the State Paper Office at White Hall, and in 
 1663 made Under-Secretary of State, and soon afterwards knighted. In 1664 
 he became Secretary of State, which appointment he filled four years. He repre- 
 sented Thetford or Rochester in different parliaments, and was in 1678 President 
 of the Royal Society. Ob. 1701. 
 
1662-68.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 381 
 
 ■who, I perceive, is a pretty knowing man and a scholar, but, 
 it may be, thinks himself to be too much so. To the Temple, 
 to my cozen Roger Pepys, where met us my uncle Thomas 
 and his son ; and, after many high demands, we at last come 
 to a kind of agreement upon very hard terms, which are to be 
 prepared in writing against Tuesday next. 
 
 8th. (Lord's day.) Up, and it being a very great frost, I 
 walked to White Hall to chapel, where there preached little 
 Dr. Duport, 1 of Cambridge, upon Josiah's words : — " But I 
 and my house, we will serve the Lord." Thence with Mr. 
 Creed to the King's Head ordinary. After dinner, Sir 
 Thomas Willis 2 and another stranger, and Creed and I, fell 
 a-talking ; they of the errours and corruption of the Navy, 
 and great expence thereof, not knowing who I was, which, at 
 last, I did undertake to confute, and disabuse them : and 
 they took it very well, and I hope it was to good purpose, 
 they being Parliament-men. Creed, and I, and Captain 
 Ferrers to the Parke, and there walked finely, seeing people 
 slide, we talking all the while and Captain Ferrers telling me, 
 among other Court passages, how about a month ago, at a ball 
 at Court, a child was dropped by one of the ladies in dancing, 
 but nobody knew who, it being taken up by somebody in 
 their handkercher. The next morning all the Ladies of 
 Honour appeared early at Court for their vindication, so that 
 nobody could tell whose this mischance should be. But it 
 seems Mrs. Wells 3 fell sick that afternoon, and hath dis- 
 
 1 James Duport, D.D., Dean of Peterborough, 1664, and Master of Magdalene 
 College, Cambridge, 1668. Ob. 1679. 
 
 a Sir Thomas Willis, mentioned April 20, 1660, possessed some property at 
 Ditton, in Cambridgeshire, where he was buried, in 1705, in his ninety-first year. 
 In 1679, he had been put out of the Commission of the Peace for that county, for 
 concurring with the Fanatic party in opposing the Court. — Cole'a MSS. 
 
 " Winifred Wells, who had been considered as one of Charles's mistresses ; 
 but the ".petite disgrace," as Hamilton styles it, here related, occurred to 
 another of the Queen's Maids of Honour, Mary Kirk, sister to the Countess of 
 Oxford. She retired from the Court, and, three years afterwards, having assumed 
 the name of Warmestre, and having passed as a widow, married Sir Thomas Vernon, 
 who was Killigrew's cousin. " The merry Mrs. Kirke," says Warburton, speaking 
 of the Court at Oxford, in 1642, "is said to have fascinated the grave Prince 
 Maurice." This was the mother of Lady Vernon. " The Queen," says Lord 
 Cornbury, in a letter to the Marchioness of Worcester, 10th June, 1662, " is 
 much concerned that the English ladies spend so much time in dressing them- 
 
 2b 
 
5g2 DIARY OF [10th Feb, 
 
 appeared ever since, so that it is concluded it was her. Another 
 story was how Lady Castlemaine, a few days since, had Mrs. 
 Stuart 1 to an entertainment, and at night begun a frolique 
 that they two must be married — and married they were, with 
 ring and all other ceremonies of church service, and ribbands 2 
 and a sack posset in bed, and flinging the stocking ; but, in 
 the close, it is said that my Lady Castlemaine, who was the 
 bridegroom, rose, and the King come and took her place. 
 This is said to be very true. Another story was, how Cap- 
 tain Ferrers and W. Howe both have often, through my Lady 
 Castlemaine's window, seen her go to bed, and Sir Charles 
 Barkeley in the chamber. The little Duke of Monmouth, it 
 seems, is ordered to take place of all Dukes, and so do follow 
 Prince Rupert now, before the Duke of Buchingham or any 
 else. 
 
 10th. W. Warren 3 come himself to the door, and left a 
 letter and box for me, and went his way. His letter men- 
 tions giving me and my wife a pair of gloves ; but, opening 
 the box, we found a pair of plain white gloves for my hand, 
 and a fair state-dish of silver, and cup, with my armes, ready 
 cut, upon them, worth, I believe, about 181., which is a very 
 noble present, and the best I ever had yet. So, after some 
 contentful talk with my wife, she to bed and I to rest. 
 
 selves. She fears they bestow but little on God Almighty and on housewifery. 
 We are a very unsettled family, not one Lady of the Bed-Chamber named, 
 besides my Lady Suffolk, who is in waiting; and they say both the number and 
 persons you formerly heard mentioned, will be much altered. The four Dressers 
 are fixed, who are my Lady Scnoope, Lady Wood, Mrs. Frazier,-and Mrs. La 
 Garde. The maids of Honour are likewise in waiting — viz., Mrs. Cary, Mrs. 
 Stuart, Mrs. Wells, Mrs. Price, Mrs. Boynton, Mrs. Warmestry. The Maids of 
 the Privy Chamber are but two, my Lady Mary Savage and my Lady Betty 
 Livingstone, my Lord Newborough's daughter." — Eliot Warburton's Memoirs 
 of Prince Rupert, vol. iii., p. 461 — 464. This seems to be the best account of 
 Queen Catherine's household ; but Warmestry, if it is correct, was the Maid of 
 Honour's real name, and not that which she assumed when banished from the 
 Court. 
 
 ' Frances Terese, eldest daughter of Walter Stuart, third son of the first Lord 
 Blantyre, one of the greatest beauties at the Court of Charless II., became the 
 third wife of Charles Lennox, sixth Duke of Lennox, and fourth Duke of Rich- 
 mond. She died October 15, 1702, without issue, having survived her husband 
 thirty years. Pepys spells her name Stuart, Steward, and Stewart; the first is 
 right. 
 
 1 See ante, Jan 24, 1659-60, note. 
 
 * Afterwards Sir William Warren. 
 
1662-83.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 383 
 
 11th. At night my wife read Sir H. Vane's trial to me, 
 and I find it a very excellent thing — worth reading, and him 
 to have been a very wise man. 
 
 13th. Mr. Cole, our timber-merchant, sent me five couple 
 of ducks. To my office, where late upon business; Mr. 
 Bland sitting with me, talking of my Lord Windsor's being 
 come home from Jamaica, unlooked-for; which makes us 
 think that these young Lords are not fit to do any service 
 abroad, though it is said that he could not have his health 
 there, but hath razed a fort of the King of Spain upon Cuba, 
 which is considerable, or said to be so, for his honour. 
 
 14th. My uncle Thomas, and his sons both, and I, did 
 meet at my cozen Eoger's, and there sign and seal to an 
 agreement, and with great seeming love parted. 
 
 15th. (Lord's day.) Talking long with my wife, and 
 teaching her things in astronomy. 
 
 16th. To Westminster Hall, and there find great expecta- 
 tion what the Parliament will do, when they come two days 
 hence to sit again, in matters of religion. The great question 
 is, whether the Presbyters will be contented to let the Papists 
 have the same liberty of conscience with them, or no, or 
 rather be denied it themselves : and the Papists, I hear, are 
 very busy in designing how to make the Presbyters consent 
 to take their liberty, and to let them have the same with 
 them, which some are apt to think they will. It seems a 
 ]i>riest was taken in his vests officiating somewhere in Holborne 
 the other day, and was committed by Secretary Morris, 
 according to law ; and they say the Bishop of London do give 
 him thanks for it. 
 
 17th. To my office, my wife being gone to Chelsey with 
 her brother and sister and Mrs. Lodum, to sell the wassel at 
 schoole, where Mary Ashwell is. To my Lord Sandwich, 
 whom I found at cards with Pickering : but he made an end 
 soon : and so all alone, he told me he had a great secret to 
 tell me, such as no flesh knew but himself, nor ought ; which 
 was this : — that yesterday morning, Eschar, Mr. Edward 
 Montagu's man, did come to him from his master with some 
 of the Clerkes of the Exchequer, for my Lord to sign to their 
 
384 
 
 DIABT OF [17th Feb. 
 
 books for the Embassy money, 1 which my Lord very civilly 
 desired not to do till he had spoke with his master himself. 
 In the afternoon, my Lord and my Lady Wright being at 
 cards in his chamber, in comes Mr. Montagu ; and, desiring 
 to speak with my Lord at the window in his chamber, he 
 began to charge my Lord with the greatest ingratitude in the 
 world : that he, that had received his earldom, garter, 4000L 
 per annum, and whatever he has in the world, from him, 
 should now study him all the dishonour that he could ; and 
 so fell to tell my Lord, that if he should speak all that he 
 knew of him, he could do so and so. In a word, he did rip 
 up all that could be said that was unworthy, and in the 
 basest terms they could be spoke in. To which my Lord 
 answered with great temper, justifying himself, but endeavour- 
 ing to lessen his heat, which was a strange temper in him, 
 knowing that he did owe all he hath in the world to my 
 Lord, and that he is now all that he is by his means and 
 favour. But my Lord did forbear to increase the quarrel, 
 knowing that it would be to no good purposo for the world to 
 see a difference in the family ; but did allay him so as that he 
 fell to weeping. And after much talk, among other things, 
 Mr. Montagu telling him that there was a fellow in the town, 
 naming me, that had done ill offices, and that if he knew it 
 to be so, he would have him cudgelled, my Lord did promise 
 him, that, if upon account he saw that there was not many 
 tradesmen unpaid, he would sign the books ; but, if there 
 was, he could not bear with taking too great a debt upon 
 him. So this day he sent him an account, and a letter, 
 assuring him there was not above 200Z. unpaid ; and so my 
 Lord did sign to the Exchequer books. Upon the whole, I 
 understand fully what a rogue he is, and how my Lord do 
 think and will think of him for the future ; telling me that 
 thus he has served his father, my Lord Manchester, and his 
 whole family, and now himself: and, which is worst, that he 
 hath abused, and in speeches every day do abuse, my Lord 
 Chancellor, whose favour he hath lost ; and hath no friend 
 but Sir H. Bennet, and that, I knowing the rise of his 
 
 ' That to Portugal, respecting the Royal marriage. 
 
1662-63.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 385 
 
 friendship, only from the likeness of their pleasures, and 
 acquaintance, and concernments, they have in the same 
 matters of lust and baseness ; for which God forgive them . 
 But he do flatter himself, from promises of Sir H. Bennet, 
 that he shall have a pension of 2000?. per annum, and be 
 made an Earl. My Lord told me he expected a challenge 
 from him, but told me there was no great fear of him, for 
 there was no man lies under such an imputation as he do in 
 the business of Mr. Cholmly, who, though a simple, sorry 
 fellow, do brave him, and struts before him with the Queen, 
 to the sport and observation of the whole Court. He did 
 keep my Lord at the window, reviling and braving him above 
 an hour, my Lady Wright being by ; but my Lord, tells me 
 she could not hear every word, but did well know what their 
 discourse was ; she could hear enough to know that. So 
 that he commands me to keep it as the greatest secret in the 
 world, and bids me beware of speaking words against Mr. 
 Montagu, for fear I should suffer by his passion thereby. 
 Mr. Pickering tells me the story is very true of a child being 
 dropped at the ball at Court ; and that the King had it in his 
 closet a week after, and did dissect it ; and making great sport 
 of it, said that, in his opinion, it must have been a month 
 and three hours old ; and that, whatever others think, he 
 hath the greatest loss, it being a boy, as he says, that hath 
 lost a subject by the business. He tells me, too, that the 
 other [story], of my Lady Castlemaine's and Stuart's marriage, 
 is certain, and that it was in order to the King's coming to 
 Stuart, as is believed generally. He tells me that Sir H. 
 Bennet is a Catholique, and how all the Court almost is 
 changed to the worse since his coming in, they being afraid 
 of him. And that the Queen-Mother's Court is now the 
 greatest of all; and that our own Queen hath little or no" 
 company come to her, which I know also to be very true, and 
 am sorry to see it. 
 
 18th. Mr. Hater and I alone at the office, finishing our 
 account of the extra charge of the Navy, not properly 
 belonging to the Navy, since the King's coming in to 
 Christmas last ; and, all extra things being abated, I find that 
 
 Vox. I.— 36 
 
386 DIAET OF [21st Feb 
 
 the true charge of the Navy to that time hath been after the 
 rate of 374,743?. a-year. I made an end by eleven o'clock at 
 night. This day the Parliament met again, after their long 
 prorogation ; but I know not any thing what they have done, 
 being within doors all day. 
 
 19th. My eyes begin to fail me, lying so long by candle- 
 light upon white paper. This day I read the King's speech 
 to the Parliament yesterday, which is very short, and not very 
 obliging ; but only telling them his desire to have a power of 
 indulging tender consciences, and that he will yield to have 
 any mixture in the uniformity of the Church's discipline ; and 
 says the same for the Papists, but declares against their ever 
 being admitted to have any oflices or places of trust in the 
 kingdom ; but, God knows, too many have. 
 
 21st. To the office, where Sir J. Minnes, most of the rest 
 being at the Parliament-house, all the morning answering 
 petitions and other business. Towards noon, there comes a 
 man, as if upon ordinary business, and shows me a writ from 
 the Exchequer, called a Commission of Rebellion, and tells 
 me that I am his prisoner in Field's business ; which, 
 methought, did strike me to the heart, to think that we could 
 not sit in the middle of the King's business. I told him how 
 and where we were employed, and bid him have a care ; and 
 perceiving that we were busy, he said he would, and did 
 withdraw for an hour : in which time Sir J. Minnes took 
 coach and to Court, to see what he could do from thence : 
 and our solicitor against Field come by chance, and told me 
 that he would go and satisfy the fees of the Court, and would 
 end the business. So he went away about that, and I staid 
 in my closet, till by and by the man and four more of his 
 fellows come to know what I would do ; and I told them to 
 stay till I heard from the King or my Lord Chief Baron, to 
 both whom I had now sent. With that they consulted, and 
 told me, that if I would promise to stay in the house, they 
 would go and refresh themselves, and come again, and know 
 what answer I had : so they away, and I home to dinner. 
 Before I had dined, the bayleys come back again with the 
 constable, and at the office knock for me, but found me not 
 
1662-63.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 387 
 
 there ; and I, hearing in what manner they were come, did 
 forbear letting them know where I was ; so they stood 
 knocking and enquiring for me. By and by, at my parler- 
 window comes Sir W. Batten's Mingo, to tell me that his 
 master and lady would have me come to their house, through 
 Sir J. Minnes's lodgings, which I could not do ; but, however, 
 by ladders, did get over the pale between our yards and their 
 house, where I found them, as they have reason, to be much 
 concerned for me, my lady, especially. The fellows staid in 
 the yard, swearing, with one or two constables, and some time 
 we locked them into the yard, and by and by let them out 
 again, and so kept them all the afternoon, not letting them 
 see me, or know where I was. One time, I went up to the 
 top of Sir W. Batten's house, and out of one of their windows 
 spoke to my wife out of one of ours ; which methought, 
 though I did it in mirth, yet I was sad to think what a sad 
 thing it would be for me to be really in that condition. By 
 and by comes Sir J. Minnes, who, like himself and all that 
 he do, tells us that he can do no good, but that my Lord 
 Chancellor wonders that we did not cause the seamen to fall 
 about their eares, which we wished we could have done 
 without our being seen in it ; and Captain Grove being there, 
 he did give them some affront, and would have got some 
 seamen to have drubbed them, but he had not time, nor did 
 we think it fit to have done it, they having executed their 
 commission ; but there was occasion given that he did draw 
 upon one of them who did complain that Grove had pricked 
 him in the breast, but no hurt done ; but I see that Grove 
 would have done our business to them if we had bid him. 
 By and by comes Mr. Clerke, our sollicitor, who brings us a 
 release -from our adverse atturney, we paying the fees of the 
 ' commission, which comes to five markes, and the charges of 
 these fellows, which are called the commissioners, but are the 
 most rake-shamed rogues that ever I saw in my life ; so he 
 showed them this release, and they seemed satisfied, and went 
 away with him to their atturney to be paid by him. But 
 before they went, Sir W. Batten and my lady did begin to 
 taunt them, but the rogues answered them as high as them- 
 
388 DiARY OF [21st Feb. 
 
 selves, and swore they -would come again, and called me rogue 
 and rebel, and they would bring the sheriffe and untile his 
 house, before he should harbour a rebel in his house, and that 
 they would be here again shortly. Well, at last, they went 
 away, and I by advice took occasion to go abroad, and walked 
 through the street to show myself among the neighbours, that 
 they might not think worse than the business is. I home to 
 Sir W. Batten's again, where Sir J. Lawson, Captain Allen, 
 Spragg, 1 and several others, and all our discourse about the 
 disgrace done to our office, to be liable to this trouble, which 
 we must get removed. Hither comes Mr. Gierke by and by, 
 and tells me that he hath paid the fees of the Court for the 
 commission ; but the men are not contented with under 51. 
 for their charges, which he will not give them, and therefore 
 advises me not to stir abroad till Monday, that he comes or 
 sends to me again, whereby I shall not be able to go to White 
 Hall to the Duke of York, as I ought. Here I staid vexing, 
 and yet pleased to see every body for me, man, woman, and 
 child, my Lady and Mrs. Turner especially for me ; and so 
 home, where my people are mightily surprised to see this 
 business ; but it troubles me not very much, it being nothing 
 touching my particular person or estate. Sir W. Batten tells 
 me that little is done yet in the Parliament-house, but only 
 this day it was moved and ordered that all the members of 
 the House do subscribe to the renouncing of the Covenant, 
 which, it is thought, will try some of them. There is also a 
 bill brought in for the wearing of nothing but cloth or stuffs 
 of our own manufacture, and is likely to be passed. Among 
 other talk this morning, my Lady did speak concerning 
 Commissioner Pett's calling the present King bastard, and 
 other high words heretofore : and Sir W. Batten did tell us, 
 that he did give the Duke and Mr. Coventry an account of 
 
 1 Edward Spragge, knighted for his gallant conduct, as a Captain in the first 
 sea-fight with the Butch in 1665. After rendering many important naval services 
 to his country, he was unfortunately drowned, on the 11th of August, 1673, whilst 
 massing in a boat to the Royal Charles, from his own ship, which had been disabled 
 in the action with Van Tromp. He lies buried in Westminster Abbey, without any 
 memorial j nor have we the slightest record of his early history, or of the family 
 from which he was descended. 
 
1662-63.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 389 
 
 that and other like matters in writing, under oath, of which 
 I was ashamed, and for which I was sorry. 
 
 22d. (Lord's day.) Went not out all the morning; but 
 after dinner to Sir W. Batten's and Sir W. Pen's, where dis- 
 coursing much of yesterday's trouble and scandal ; but that 
 which troubled me most, was Sir J. Minnes coming from 
 Court at night, and instead of bringing great comfort from . 
 thence, but I expected no better from him, he tells me that 
 the Duke and Mr. Coventry make no great matter of it. 
 
 23d. Up by times ; and not daring to go by land, did, 
 Griffin going along with me, for fear, slip to White Hall by 
 water ; where to Mr. Coventry, and, as we used to do, to the 
 Duke ; the other of my fellows being come. But we did 
 nothing of our business, the Duke being sent for to the King, 
 that he could not stay to speak with us. This morning come 
 my Lord Windsor to kiss the Duke's hand, being returned 
 from Jamaica. He tells the Duke, that from such a degree 
 of latitude going thither he began to be sick, and was never 
 well till his coming so far back again, and then presently be- 
 gun to be well. He told the Duke of their taking the fort 
 of St. Jago, upon Cuba, with his men ; but, upon the whole, 
 I believe, that he did matters like a young lord, and was 
 weary of being upon service out of his own country, where he 
 might have pleasure ; for methought it was a shame to see 
 him this very afternoon, being the first day of his coming to 
 town, to be at a playhouse. To my Lord Sandwich: it was 
 a great trouble to me, and I had great apprehensions of it, 
 that my Lord desired me to go to Westminster Hall, to the 
 Parliament-house door, about business ; and to Sir William 
 Wheeler, 1 which I told him I would, but durst not go for 
 fear of being taken by these rogues ; but was forced to go to 
 White Hall and take boat, and so land below the Tower at 
 the Iron-gate, and so the back way over little Tower Hill ; 
 and, with my cloak over my face, took one of the watermen 
 along with me, and staid behind our garden-wall, while he 
 
 1 Sir William Wheler, of Westminster, was created a Baronet, August 11, 
 1660, with remainder to his cousin, Charlos Whiler, who succeeded to tht 
 honour, upon his death. He was then M.P. for i^aeenborough. 
 
 36* 
 
390 DIARY OF [23d Feb 
 
 went to see whether any body stood within the Merchants' 
 Gate. But there was nobody; and so I got safe into the 
 garden, and, coming to open my office door, something behind 
 it fell in the opening, which made me start. So that God 
 knows in what a sad condition I should be if I were truly in 
 debt : and therefore ought to bless God that I have no such 
 reall reason, and to endeavour to keep myself, by my good 
 deportment and good husbandry, out of any such condition. 
 At home, I find, by a note, that Mr. Clerke, in my absence, 
 hath left here, that I am free ; and that he hath stopped all 
 matters in Court ; and I was very glad of it, and immediately 
 had a light thought of taking pleasure to rejoice my heart, 
 and so resolved to take my wife to a play at court to-night, 
 and the rather because it is my birthday, being this day thirty 
 years old, for which let me praise God. While my wife 
 dressed herself, Creed and I walked out to see what play was 
 acted to-day, and we find it " The Slighted Mayde." ' To the 
 Duke's house, where we saw it well acted, though the play 
 hath little good in it, being most pleased to see the little girl 
 dance in boy's apparel, she having very fine legs, only bends 
 in the hams, as I perceive all women do. The play being 
 done, we took coach, and to Court, and there saw "The 
 Wilde Gallant" 2 performed by the King's house, but it was 
 ill acted, and the play so poor a tbing as I never saw in my 
 life almost, and so little answering the name, that, from the 
 beginning to the end, I could not, nor can, at this time, tell 
 certainly which was the Wild Gallant. The King did not 
 seem pleased at all, the whole play, nor any body else. My 
 Lady Castlemaine was all worth seeing to night, and little 
 Steward. Mrs. Wells do appear at Court again, and looks 
 well ; so that, it may be, the late report of laying the dropped 
 child to her was not true. 3 This day I was told that my 
 Lady Castlemaine hath all the King's Christmas presents, 
 
 1 A comedy, by Sir Robert Stapylton, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields. 
 
 3 Dryden's first play. Evelyn saw it at Court, 5th February, 1662-3, the 
 night (as appears from the original Prologue) on which it was first acted. 
 Dryden has a copy of verses to the Countess of Castlemaine on her encouraging 
 his first play. 
 
 * See ante, Feb. 8, 1662-3, and note. 
 
1882-63.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 391 
 
 made him by the peers, given to her, which is a most 
 abominable thing ; and that at the great ball she was much 
 richer in Jewells than the Queen and Duchess put both together. 
 
 24th. Among other things, my Lord tells me, that he 
 hears the Commons will not agree to the King's late declara- 
 tion, nor will yield that the Papists have any ground given 
 them to raise themselves up again in England, which I per- 
 ceive by my Lord was expected at Court. 
 
 25th. The Commons in Parliament, I hear, are very high 
 to stand to the Act of Uniformity, and will not indulge the 
 Papists, which is endeavoured by the Court Party, nor the 
 Presbyters. 
 
 26th. Sir W. Batten and I by water to the Parliament 
 house : he went in, and I walked up and down the Hall. 
 All the newes is the great oddes yesterday in the votes be- 
 tween them that are for the Indulgence to the Papists and 
 Presbyters, and those that are against it, which did carry it 
 by 200 against 30. And pretty it is to consider how the 
 King would appear to be a stiff Protestant and son of the 
 Church ; and yet willing to give a liberty to these people, 
 because of his promise at Breda ; and yet all the world do 
 believe that the King would not have the liberty given them 
 at all. 
 
 27th. About 11 o'clock, Commissioner Pett and I walked 
 to Chyrurgeons' Hall, we being all invited thither, and pro- 
 mised to dine there, where we were led into the Theatre ; 
 and by and by comes the reader, Dr. Tearne, 1 with the Master 
 and Company, in a very handsome manner : and all being 
 settled, he begun his lecture ; and his discourse being ended, 
 we had a fine dinner and good learned company, many Doctors 
 of Phisique, and we used with extraordinary great respect. 
 Among other observables, we drunk the King's health out of 
 a gilt cup 2 given by King Henry VIII. to this Company, 
 with bells hanging at it, which every man is to ring by 
 shaking, after he hath drunk up the whole cup. There is 
 
 1 Christojher Terne, of Leyden, M.D., who lived in Lime Street, originally of 
 Cambridge, and Fellow of the College of Physicians. Ob. 1673. 
 * Still existing, and has been engraved. 
 
392 DIARY OF [23th Feb, 
 
 also a very excellent piece of the King, done by Holbein, 
 stands up in the Hall, with, the officers of the Company 
 kneeling to him to receive their Charter. Dr. Scarborough 
 took some of his friends, and I went with them, to see the 
 body of a lusty fellow, a seaman, that was hanged for a rob- 
 bery. I did touch the dead body with my bare hand : it felt 
 cold, but methought it was a very unpleasant sight. It seems, 
 one Dillon, of a great family, was, after much endeavours to 
 have saved him, hanged with a silken halter this Sessions, of 
 his own preparing, not for honour only, but, it being soft and 
 sleek, it do slip close and kills, that is, strangles presently : 
 whereas, a stiff one do not come so close together, and so the 
 party may live the longer before killed. But all the Doctors 
 at table conclude, that there is no pain at all in hanging, for 
 that it do stop the circulation of the blood ; and so stops all 
 sense and motion in an instant. To Sir W. Batten's, to 
 speak upon some business, where I found Sir J. Minnes 
 pretty well fuddled, I thought. He took me aside, to tell 
 me how, being at my Lord Chancellor's to-day, my Lord told 
 him that there was a Great Seal ' passing for Sir W. Pen, 
 through the impossibility of the Comptroller's duty to be 
 performed by one man, to be, as it were, joynt-comptroller 
 with him, at which he is stark mad, and swears he will give 
 up his place. For my part, I do hope, when all is done, that 
 my following my business will keep me secure against all 
 their envys. But to see how the old man do strut, and 
 swear that he understands all his duty as easily as crack a 
 nut, and easier, he told my Lord Chancellor, for his teeth are 
 gone ; and that he understands it as well as any man in 
 England ; and that he will never leave to record that he 
 should be said to be unable to do his duty alone ; though, 
 God knows, he cannot do it more than a child. All this I 
 am glad to see fall out between them, and myself safe, and 
 yet I hope the King's service well done for all this, for I 
 would not that should be hindered by any of our private 
 differences. 
 
 28th. The House have this noon been with the King, to 
 give him their reasons for refusing to grant any indulgence to 
 
1662 «3.] SAMUEL PBPTS. 393 
 
 Presbyters or Papists; which he, with great content and 
 •seeming pleasures, toot, saying, that he doubted not but he 
 and they should agree in all things, though there may seem 
 a difference in judgments, he having writ and declared for an 
 indulgence : and that he did believe never prince was happier 
 in a House of Commons than he was in them. To my Lord 
 Sandwich, who continues troubled with his cold. Our dis- 
 course most upon the outing of Sir R. Bernard and my Lord's 
 being made Recorder [of Huntingdon] in his stead, which he 
 seemed well contented with, saying, that it may be for his 
 convenience to have the chief officer of the town dependent 
 upon him, which is very true. At the Privy Seale I did see 
 the docquet by which Sir W. Pen is made the Comptroller's 
 assistant, as Sir J. Minnes told me last night, which I must 
 endeavour to prevent. 
 
 March 1st. (Lord's day.) To White Hall Chappell, where 
 preached one Dr. Lewes, said heretofore to have been a great 
 witt ; but he read his sermon every word, and that so brokenly 
 and so low, that nobody could hear at any distance, nor I 
 anything worth hearing that sat near. But, which was 
 strange, he forgot to make any prayer before sermon, which 
 all wonder at, but they impute it to his forgetfulness. After 
 sermon a very fine anthem : so I up into the house among 
 the courtiers, seeing the fine ladies, and, above all, my Lady 
 Castlemaine, who is above all, that only she I can observe for 
 true beauty. The King and Queen being set to dinner, I 
 went to Mr. Pox's, and there dined with him. Much genteel 
 company, and, among other things, I hear for certain that 
 peace is concluded between the King of France and the Pope : 
 and also I heard the reasons given by our Parliament yester- 
 day to the King why they dissent from him in matter of 
 Indulgence, which are very good quite through, and which I 
 was glad to hear. Thence to my Lord Sandwich, who con- 
 tinues with a great cold, locked up ; and, being alone, we fell 
 into discourse of my uncle the Captain's death and estate, 
 and I took the opportunity of telling my Lord how matters 
 stand, and read his will, and told him all what a poor estate 
 he hath left, at all which he wonders strangely, which he may 
 
394 DIARY Oti [6tii Maroh, 
 
 ■well do. All to bed, without prayers, it being washing day 
 to-morrow. 
 
 3d. (Shrove Tuesday.) At noon, by promise, Mrs. Turner, 
 and her daughter, and Mrs. Morrice, come along with Roger 
 Pepys to dinner. We were as merry as I could be, having 
 but a bad dinner for them ; but so much the better, because 
 of the dinner which I must have at the end of this month. 
 And here Mrs. The. showed me my name upon her breast as 
 her Valentine, which will cost me 20s. After dinner, I took 
 them down into the wine-cellar, and broached my tierce of 
 claret for them. This afternoon, Roger Pepys tells me, that 
 for certain the King is for all this very highly incensed at the 
 Parliament's late opposing the Indulgence ; which I am sorry 
 for, and fear it will breed great discontent. 
 
 5th. To the Lobby, and spoke with my cousin Roger, who 
 is going to Cambridge to-morrow. In the Hall I do hear that 
 the Catholiques are in great hopes for all this, and do set hard 
 upon the King to get Indulgence. Matters, I hear, are all 
 naught in Ireland, and the people, that is, the Papists, do cry 
 out against the Commissioners sent by the King ; so that they 
 say the English interest will be lost there. To see my Lord 
 Sandwich, who I found very ill, and by his cold being 
 several nights hindered from sleep, he is hardly able to open 
 his eyes, and is very weak and sad upon it, which troubled me 
 much. 
 
 6th. Up betime's, and by coach with four horses with Sir 
 J. Minnes and Sir W. Batten to Woolwich — a pleasant day, 
 and so into Mr. Falconer's, where we had some fish, which 
 we brought with us dressed ; and there dined with us his new 
 wife, which had been his maid, but seems to be a genteel 
 woman, well enough bred and discreet. This day it seems 
 the House of Commons have been very high against the 
 Papists, being incensed by the stir which they make for their 
 having an Indulgence ; which, without doubt, is a great folly 
 in them to be so hot upon at this time, when they see how 
 averse already the House have showed themselves from it. 
 This evening Mr. Povy tells me that my Lord Sandwich is 
 this day so ill that he is much afraid of him, which puts me 
 
1662-63.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 395 
 
 to great pain, not more for my own sake than for his poor 
 family's. 
 
 7th. The. Turner come on foot in a frolick to beg me to 
 get a place at sea for John, their man, which is a rogue ; but, 
 however it may be, the sea may do them good in reclaiming 
 him, and therefore I will see what I can do. She dined with 
 me ; and after dinner I took coach and carried her home ; in 
 our way, in Cheapside, lighting and giving her a dozen pair 
 of white gloves as my Valentine. Thence to my Lord Sand- 
 wich, who is gone to Sir W. Wheeler's for his more quiet 
 being, where he slept well last night ; and I took him, very 
 merry, playing at cards, and much company with him. Creed 
 told me how, for some words of my Lady Gerard's, 1 against 
 my Lady Castlemaine to the Queen, the King did the other 
 day apprehend 2 her in going out to dance with her at a ball, 
 when she desired it as the ladies do, and is since forbid attend- 
 ing the Queen by the King ; which is much talked of, my 
 Lord her husband being a great favourite. 
 
 8th. (Lord's day.) To White Hall to-day : I heard Dr. 
 King, Bishop of Chichester, make a good and eloquent sermon 
 upon these words : " They that sow in tears shall reap in joy." 
 Whence, the chapel in Lent being hung with black, and no 
 anthem sung after sermon, as at other times, to my Lord 
 Sandwich at Sir W. Wheeler's. I found him out of order, 
 thinking himself to be in a fit of ague. After dinner up to 
 my Lord, there being Mr. Eumball. My Lord, among other 
 discourse, did tell us of his great diflScultys passed in the busi- 
 ness of the Sound, and of his receiving letters from the King 
 there, but his sending them by Whetstone was a great folly ; 
 and the story how my Lord being at dinner with Sydney, 3 
 one of his fellow plenipotentiarys and his mortal enemy, did 
 see Whetstone, and put off his hat three times to him, and the 
 fellow would not be known, which my Lord imputed to his 
 coxcombly humour, of which he was full, and bid Sydney take 
 
 1 See note, Jan. 1, 1662-3, ante. 
 
 a Sie orig. : probably the word should be reprehend, and denied, in the following 
 line, should, perhaps, be substituted for desired. 
 
 3 The well known Algernon Sidney, one of the Ambassadors sent to Sweden 
 and Denmark by Richard Cromwell. 
 
396 DIARY OF [9th March, 
 
 notice of hiin too, when, at the very time he had letters' in his 
 pocket from the King, as it proved afterwards. And Sidney 
 afterwards did find it out at Copenhagen, the Dutch Commis- 
 sioners telling him how my Lord Sandwich had desired one of 
 their ships to carry back Whetstone to Lubeck, he being come 
 from Flanders from the King. But I cannot but remember 
 my Lord's equanimity in all these affairs with admiration. 
 
 9th. About noon, Sir J. Robinson, Lord Mayor, desiring 
 way through the garden to the Tower, called in at the 
 office, and there invited me and Sir W. Pen, who happened to 
 be in the way, to dinner, and we did go : and there had a great 
 Lent dinner of fish, little flesh. There dined with us to-day 
 Mr. Slingsby 3 of the Mint, who showed us all the new pieces, 
 both gold and silver, examples of them all, that were made for 
 the King by Blondeau's way ; 3 and compared them with those 
 made for Oliver. The pictures of the latter made by Symons, 4 
 and of the King by one Rotyr, 5 a German, I think, that dined 
 with us also. He extols those of Rotyr above the others ; 
 and, indeed, I think they are the better, because the sweeter 
 of the two ; but, upon my word, those of the Protector are 
 more like in my mind than the King's, but both very well 
 worth seeing. The crownes of Cromwell are now sold, it 
 seems, for 25s. and 30s. a-piece. 6 
 
 1 These letters are in Thurloe's State Papers, vol. vii. One was from the King, 
 fhe other from Chancellor Hyde. 
 
 1 Master of the Mint, frequently mentioned by Evelyn. 
 
 3 There is an account of this matter in Hawkins' English Coins, pp. 213, 214. 
 
 * Thomas Simons, an Engraver of coins and medals, and the greatest of English 
 die sinkers. Ob. 1665. 
 
 ' There were three brothers named Eotier, all Medallists ; Philip introduced the 
 likeness of Frances Stuart in the figure of Britannia. 
 
 8 Although modern numistatists may smile a,t the preference given by Mr. 
 Slingsby to Rotier's coins, Pepys's remark that Oliver's crowns were then selling 
 at 25». or 30s. is very curious, for it is to this day considered doubtful whether 
 these beautiful pieces by Simons were current coin or pattern pieces. Snelling, in 
 his Silver Coinage, 1762, calls them " very scarce," and so they remain, at the 
 prices which they still bring at sales seem to show, varying from 21. 10a. to \\l. t 
 according to condition. 
 
 Mr. Joseph Gibbs, of the Inner Temple, who kindly furnished tie above re- 
 marks, has one of the crowns without any flaw, for which he paid 41. 18s. ; and Mr. 
 Cureton, the coin collector, had six sets of these moneys at the time he was robbed 
 and nearly murdered, in the winter of 1850. Pepys's evidence of the high value 
 of the crowns in 1663, strengthens the idea that they were pattern pieces only : 
 
1662-63.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 397 
 
 11th. News by Mr. Wood that Butler, our chief witness 
 against Field, was sent by him to New England contrary to 
 our desire, which made me mad almost : and so Sir J. Minnes, 
 Sir W. Pen, and I dined together at Trinity House. 
 
 12th. My uncle Thomas and his son do order their tenants 
 to pay their rents to us, which pleases me well. 
 
 13th. To Mrs. Hunt's, and there found my wife, and so took 
 them up by coach, and carried them to Hide Park, where store 
 of coaches and good faces. 
 
 15th. (Lord's day.) Up, and with my wife and Ashwell the 
 first time to church, where our pew so full with Sir J. Minnes's 
 sister and her daughter, that I perceive, when we come alto- 
 gether, some of us must be shut out, but I suppose we shall 
 come to some order what to do therein. 
 
 16th. To the Duke, where we met of course, and talked of 
 our Navy matters. Then to the Commission of Tangier, and 
 there had my Lord Peterborough's Commission read over ; and 
 Mr. Secretary Bennet did make his querys upon it, in order 
 to the drawing one for my Lord Rutherford more regularly, 
 that being a very extravagant thing. Here long discoursing 
 upon my Lord Rutherford's despatch, and so broke up. Mr. 
 Coventry and I discoursed how the Treasurer doth intend to 
 come to pay in course, which is the thing of the world that 
 will do the King the greatest service in the Navy, and which 
 joys my heart to hear of. He tells me of the business of Sir 
 J. Minnes and Sir W. Pen ; which, he said, was chiefly to 
 make Mr. Pett's being joyned with Sir W. Batten to go down 
 the better. And how he well sees that neither the one nor 
 the other can do their duties without help. To my wife at 
 my Lord's lodgings, where I heard Ashwell play first upon the 
 harpsichon, and I find she do play pretty well. Thence home by 
 coach, buying at the Temple the printed virginall-book for her. 
 
 17th. To St. Margaret's Hill, in Southwark, where the 
 Judge of the Admiralty come, 1 and the rest of the Doctors of 
 the Civill law, and some other Commissioners, whose Commis- 
 
 there is a tradition, that the die became cracked across the neck after a few im- 
 pressions were struck, which having been considered ominous, the issue was 
 stopped, but the truth of the story must still remain matter of conjecture. 
 
 * The old Admiralty Court, then held at the Marshalsea, and finally abolishe'l, 
 31st December, 1849. 
 
 Vol. I— 37 2b 
 
398 D I A R Y F [17th March, 
 
 Bion of Oyer and Terminer was read, and then the charge, 
 given by Dr. Exton, 1 which me thought was somewhat dull, 
 though he would seem to intend it to be very rhetoricall, say- 
 ing that Justice had two wings, one of which spread itself over 
 the land, and the other over the water, which was this 
 Admiralty Court. That being done, and the jury called, they 
 broke up, and to dinner to a taverne hard by, where a great 
 dinner and I with them ; but I perceive that this Court is yet 
 but in its infancy : as to its rising again, and their design and 
 consultation, was — I could overhear them — how to proceed 
 with the most solemnity, and spend time, there being only two 
 businesses to do, which of themselves could not spend much 
 time. In the afternoon to the court again, where, first, 
 Abraham, the boatswain of the King's pleasure-boat, was tried 
 for drowning a man "and next, Turpin, accused by our wicked 
 rogue Field for selling the King's timber ; but, after full ex- 
 amination, they were both acquitted, and so I was glad of the 
 first, for the saving the man's life ; so I did take the other as 
 a very good fortune to us ; for, if Turpin had been found guilty, 
 it would have sounded very ill in the ears of all the world, in 
 the business between Field and us. Sir W. Batten and I to 
 my Lord Mayor's [Sir John Robinson], where we found my 
 Lord with Colonel Strangways 2 and Sir Richard Floyd, 3 Par- 
 liament-men, in the cellar drinking, where we sat with them, 
 and then up ; and by and by come in Sir Richard Ford. W« 
 had many discourses, but from all of them I do find Sir R. 
 Ford a very able man of his brains and tongue, and a scholler. 
 But my Lord Mayor a-talking, bragging, buffleheaded fellow, 
 that would be thought to have led all the City in the great 
 business of bringing in the King, and that nobody understood 
 his plot, and the dark lanthorn he walked by; but he led 
 them and ploughed with them as oxen and asses, his own 
 words, to do what he had a mind : when in every discourse I 
 observe him to be as very a coxcombe as I could have thought 
 had been in the City. But he is resolved to do great matters 
 in pulling down the shops quite through the City, as he hath 
 
 1 Sir Thomas Exton, Dean of the Arches, and Judge of the Admiralty Court. 
 
 a Giles Strangways, M.P. for Dorsetshire. 
 
 * Probably Sir Richard Lloyd, M.P. for Radnorshire. 
 
1663] SAMUEL PEPYS. 399 
 
 done in many places, and mil make a thorough passage quite 
 through the City, through Canning Street, which indeed will 
 be very fine. And then his precept, which he, in vain-glory, 
 said he had drawn up himself, and hath printed it, against 
 coachmen and carrmen affronting of the gentry in the street ; 
 it is drawn so like a fool, and some faults were openly found 
 in it, that I believe he will have so much wit as not to pro-^ 
 ceed upon it, though it be printed. Here we staid talking 
 till eleven at night, Sir R. Ford breaking to my Lord Mayor 
 our business of our patent to be Justices of the Peace in the 
 City, which he struck at mightily ; but, however, Sir R. Ford 
 knows him to be a fool, and so in his discourse he made him 
 appear, and cajoled him into a consent to it : but so as I be- 
 lieve when he comes to his right mind to-morrow, he will be 
 of another opinion : and though Sir R. Ford moved it very 
 weightily and neatly, yet I had rather it had been spared now. 
 But to see how he rants, and pretends to sway all the City in 
 the Court of Aldermen, and says plainly that they cannot do, 
 nor will he suffer them to do, any thing but what he pleases ; 
 nor is there any officer of the City but of his putting in ; nor 
 any man that could have kept the City for the King thus well 
 and long but him. And if the country can be preserved, he 
 will undertake that the City shall not dare to stir again. 
 "When I am confident there is no man almost in the City 
 cares for him, nor hath he brains to outwit any ordinary 
 tradesman. 
 
 18th. This day my tryangle, which was put in tune yes- 
 terday, did please me very well — Ash well playing upon it 
 pretty well. 
 
 19th. After doing my own business in my office, writing 
 letters, &c. Home to supper and to bed, being weary, and 
 vexed that I do not find other people so willing to do business 
 as myself, when I have taken pains to find out what in the 
 yards is wanting and fitting to be done. 
 
 20th. In Fleet Street, bought me a little sword, with gilt 
 handle, cost me 23s., and silk stockings to the colour of my 
 riding cloth suit cost me 15s., and bought me a belt there cost 
 I5s. Meeting with Mr. Kirton's kinsman in Paul's Church 
 
40C DIARY OF [22d March, 
 
 Yard, lie and I to a coffee-house ; where I hear how there 
 had like to have been a surprizall of Dublin by some discon- 
 tented Protestants, and other things of like nature ; and it 
 seems the Commissioners have carried themselves so high for 
 the Papists that the others will not endure it. Hewlett and 
 some others are taken and clapped up ; and they say the King 
 hath sent over to dissolve the Parliament there, who went 
 very high against the Commissioners. Pray God send all 
 well! 
 
 21st. By appointment our full board met, and Sir Philip 
 Warwick and Sir Robert Long 1 come from my Lord Trea- 
 surer to speak with us about the state of the debts of the 
 Navy; and how to settle it, so as to begin upon the new 
 foundation of 200,000Z. per annum, which the King is now 
 resolved not to exceed. 
 
 22d. (Lord's day.) Wrote out our bill for the Parliament 
 about our being made Justices of Peace in the City. So to 
 church, where a dull formall fellow that prayed for the Right 
 Hon. John Lord Barkeley, Lord President of Connaught, &c. 
 To my Lord Sandwich, and with him talking a good while ; I 
 find the Court would have this Indulgence go on, but the 
 Parliament are against it. Matters in Ireland are full of dis- 
 content. Thence with Mr. Creed to Captain Ferrers, where 
 many fine ladies ; the house well and prettily furnished. She 
 lies in, in great state, Mr. G. Montagu, Colonel Williams, 2 
 Cromwell that was, and Mrs. Wright as proxy for my Lady 
 Jemimah, were witnesses. Very pretty and plentiful enter- 
 tainment. My coach cost me 7s. 
 
 1 Sir Robert Long, who came of an ancient family in Wiltshire, had been Secre- 
 tary to Charles II. during his exile, and was subsequently made Auditor of the 
 Exchequer, and a Privy Councillor, and created a Baronet in 1662, with remainder 
 to his nephew James. He died unmarried in 1673. 
 
 2 Colonel Williams — " GromweU that was," appears to have been Henry Crom- 
 well, grandson of Sir Oliver Cromwell, and first cousin, once removed, to the 
 Protector. He was seated at Bodsey House, in the Parish of Ramsey, which had 
 been his father's residence, and held the commission of a Colonel. He served ; .n 
 several Parliaments for Huntingdonshire, voting, in 1660, for the restoration of 
 the monarchy: and as he knew the name of Cromwell would not be grateful to 
 the Court, he disused it, and assumed that of Williams, which had belonged to 
 his ancestors; and he is so styled in a list of Knights of the proposed Order of 
 the Royal Oak. He died at Huntingdon, 3d August 1673. — Abridged from Noble's 
 Memoirs of the Gromioells, vol. i., p. 70. 
 
1683.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 401 
 
 23d, This day Greatorex brought me a very pretty weather- 
 glasse for heat and cold. 
 
 24th. To my office, where we sat, and, among things, had 
 Cooper's l tried against Captain Holmes, but I find Cooper a 
 fuddling, troublesome fellow, though a good artist. 
 
 25th. To the Sun Taverne, to my Lord Rutherford, and 
 dined with him, and some other of his officers, and Scotch 
 gentlemen, of fine discourse and education. My Lord used 
 me with great respect, and discoursed upon his business as 
 with one that he did esteem. By and by he went away, for- 
 getting to take leave of us, my back being turned, looking 
 upon the aviary, which is there very pretty, and the bird* 
 begin to sing well this spring. This evening come Captain 
 [Edward] Grove about hiring ships for Tangier. I did hint 
 to him my desire that I could make some lawfull profit thereof, 
 which he promises. 
 
 26th. This day is five years since it pleased God to pre- 
 serve me at my being cut of the stone, of which I bless God 
 I am in all rospects well. This morning came a new cooke- 
 maid at il. per annum, the first time I ever did give so much. 
 She did live last at my Lord Monk's house. 
 
 29th. (Lord's day.) After dinner, in comes Mr. Moore, 
 and sat and talked with us a good while ; among other things 
 telling me, that neither my Lord nor he are under appre- 
 hensions of the late discourse in the House of Commons, con- 
 cerning resumption of Crowne lands. 
 
 April 1st. I went to the Temple, to my cozen Roger 
 Pepys, to see and talk with him a little ; who tells me that, 
 with much ado, the Parliament do agree to throw down 
 Popery : but he says it is with so much spite and passion, and 
 an endeavour of bringing all Non-conformists into the same 
 condition, that he is afraid matters will not yet go so well as he 
 could wish. Home, calling on the virginall maker, buying a 
 rest for myself to tune my tryangle, and taking one of his 
 people along with me to put it in tune once more, by which I 
 learned how to go about it myself for the time to come. To 
 
 1 Some word is omitted in the MS., "without which the senteD*** is incomplete* 
 Cooper was the person who gave Pepys lessons in arithmetic. 
 
 37* 
 
402 DIARY OF [3d April, 
 
 my office all the afternoon : Sir J. Minnes like a mad cox- 
 comb did swear and stamp, swearing that Commissioner Pett 
 hath still the old heart against the King that ever he had, 
 and that this was his envy against his brother that was to 
 build the ship, and all the damnable reproaches in the world, 
 at which I was ashamed, but said little ; but, upon the whole, 
 I find him still a fool, led by the nose by stories told by Sir 
 W. Batten, whether with or without reason. So, vexed in 
 my mind to see things ordered so unlike gentlemen or men of 
 reason, I went home. 
 
 2d. Sir W. Pen told me, that this day the King hath sent 
 to the House his concurrence wholly with them against the 
 Popish priests, Jesuits, &c, which gives great content, and I 
 am glad of it. 
 
 3rd. To White Hall and to Chappell, which being most 
 monstrous full, I could not go into my pew, but sat among 
 the quire. Dr. Creeton, the Scotchman, preached a most 
 admirable, good, learned, and most severe sermon, yet comicall, 
 upon the words of the woman, "Blessed is the womb that 
 bare thee, and the paps that give thee suck : and he an- 
 swered, nay : rather is he blessed that heareth the word of 
 God, and keepeth it." He railed bitterly ever and anon 
 against John Calvin, and his brood, the Presbyterians, and 
 against the present terme, now in use, of " tender consciences." 
 He ripped up Hugh Peters' (calling him the execrable skel- 
 lum ') his preaching, stirring up the maids of the city to bring 
 in their bodkins and thimbles. I met Captain Grove, who 
 did give me a letter directed to myself from himself. I dis- 
 cerned money to be in it, and took it, knowing as I found it 
 to be, the proceed of the place I have got him to be, the 
 taking up of vessels for Tangier. But I did not open it till 
 I come home — not looking into it till all the money was out, 
 that I might say I saw no money in the paper, if ever I should 
 be questioned about it. There was a piece in gold, and 4d. 
 in silver. To the Tangier Committee, where we find our- 
 selves at a great stand ; the establishment being but 7O,O0OZ. 
 per annum, and the forces to be kept in the town at the least 
 
 ' Villain — Johnson. Scoundrel — Skinner. 
 
1663.] SAMUEL PBPYS. 403 
 
 estimate that my Lord Rutherford can be brought to bring is 
 53,000?. The charge of this year's work of the Mole will be 
 13,000/ ; besides 1000Z. a-year to my Lord Peterborough as 
 a pension, and the fortifications and contingencys, which puts 
 us to a great stand. I find at Court that there is some bad 
 news from Ireland of an insurrection of the Catholiques 
 there, which puts them into an alarme. I hear also in the 
 City that for certain there is an embargo upon all our ships 
 in Spayne, upon this action of my Lord Windsor's at Cuba, 
 which signifies little or nothing, but only he hath a mind to 
 say he hath done something before he comes back again. 
 
 4th. After dinner to Hide Parke ; Mrs. Wright and I in 
 one coach, and all the rest of the women in Mrs. Turner's; 
 Roger Pepys being gone in haste to the Parliament about the 
 carrying this business of the Papists, in which it seems there 
 is a great contest on both sides. At the Parke was the King, 
 and in another coach my Lady Castlemaine, they greeting one 
 another at every turn. This being my feast, in lieu of what 
 I should have had a few days ago, for the cutting of the stone, 
 very merry at, before, and after dinner, and the more for 
 that my dinner was great, and most neatly dressed by our 
 own only mayde. We had a fricasee of rabbits and chickens, 
 a leg of mutton boiled, three carps in a dish, a great dish of 
 a side of lamb, a dish of roasted pigeons, a dish of four lob- 
 sters, three tarts, a lamprey pie, a most rare pie, a dish of 
 anchovies, good wine of several sorts, and all things mighty' 
 noble, and to my great content. 
 
 6th. To the Committee of Tangier, where I found, to my 
 great joy, my Lord Sandwich, the first time I have seen him 
 abroad these some months, being it seems this night to go to 
 Kensington, or Chelsey, where he hath taken a lodging for a 
 while to take the ayre. 
 
 8th. By water to White Hall, to chapel ; where preached 
 Dr. Pierce, the famous man that preached the sermon so much 
 cried up, before the King against the Papists. His mattei 
 was the Devil tempting our Saviour, being carried into the 
 Wilderness by the Spirit. And he hath as much of natural 
 eloquence as most men that ever I heard in my life, mixed 
 
404 DIARY OF [13th April. 
 
 with so much learning. After sermon, I went up and saw 
 the ceremony of the Bishop of Peterborough's paying homage 
 upon the knee to the King, while Sir H. Bennet, Secretary, 
 read the King's grant of the Bishopric of Lincolne, to which 
 he is translated. His name is Dr. Lany. 1 Here I also saw 
 the Duke of Monmouth, with his Order of the Garter, the 
 first time I ever saw it. I hear that the University of Cam- 
 bridge did treat him a little while since with all the honour 
 possible, with a comedy at Trinity College, and banquet ; and 
 made him Master of Arts there : all which, they say, the 
 King took very well, Dr. Raynbow, 2 Master of Magdalene, 
 being now Vice-Chancellor. 
 
 10th. After great expectation from Ireland, and long stop 
 of letters, there is good news come, that all is quiett, though 
 some stir hath been, and was reported. To the Royal Duke 
 Taverne, in Lombarde Streete, where Alexander Broome 3 the 
 poet was, a merry and witty man, I believe, if he be not a 
 little conceited. With my wife, and walked to the New 
 Exchange. There laid out 10s. upon pendents and painted 
 leather gloves, very pretty and all the mode. 
 
 12th. (Lord's day.) Got a coach to Gray's Inn walks, 
 where some handsome faces. Coming home to-night, a 
 drunken boy was carrying by our constable to our new pair 
 of stocks to hansel them, being a new pair, and very hand- 
 some. 
 
 13th. To the Tangier Committee, where we had very fine 
 discourse from Dr. Walker and Wiseman, 4 civilians, against 
 our erecting a court-merchant at Tangier, and well answered 
 by my Lord Sandwich, whose speaking I never till now ob- 
 served so much to be very good. 
 
 1 Benjamin Lany, S.T.P., Chaplain in Ordinary to Charles I., made Bishop 
 of Peterborough, 1660, translated to Lincoln, 1662-3, and to Ely, 1667. Ob. 
 1674. 
 
 3 Edward Rainbow, Chaplain to the King, and Dean of Peterborough, and, in 
 1664, Bishop of Carlisle. Ob. 1684. 
 
 3 Alexander Brome, an attorney in the Lord Mayor's Court, author of Loyal 
 Songs and Madrigals, much sung by the Cavaliers, and of a translation of por* 
 tions of Horace. His death is recorded in the Diary on the 3rd July, 1666 
 He was regretted as an agreeable companion. 
 
 ' Afterwards Sir William Walker and Sir Robert Wiseman. 
 
1663.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 405 
 
 14th. By barge to Woolwich, to see " The Royall James " 
 launched, where she hath been under repair a great while. 
 Then to Mr. Falconer's, to a dinner offish of our own sending, 
 and when it is just ready to come upon the table, word is 
 brought that the King and Duke are come, so they all went 
 away to shew themselves, while I staid, and had a little dish 
 or two by myself, and by the time I had dined, they come 
 again, having gone to little purpose, the King, I believe, taking 
 little notice of them. And so home, the ship well launched. 
 Sir G. Carteret tells me to-night that he perceives the Parlia- 
 ment is likely to make a great bustle before they will give the 
 King any money ; will call all things in question ; and, above 
 all, the expences of the Navy ; and do inquire into the King's 
 expences everywhere, and into the truth of the report of people 
 being forced to sell their bills at 15 per cent, losse in the Navy ; 
 and, lastly, that they are in a very angry pettish mood at pre- 
 sent, and not likely to be better. 
 
 16th. Met to pass Mr. Pitt's, Sir J. Lawson's Secretary 
 and Deputy-Treasurer, accounts for the voyage last to the 
 Streights, wherein the demands are strangely irregular, and 
 I dare not oppose it alone ; but God knows, it troubles my 
 heart to see it, and to see the Comptroller, whose duty it is, 
 to make no more matter of it. 
 
 17th. It being Good Friday, our dinner was only sugar- 
 sopps and fish ; the only time that we have had a Lenten 
 dinner all this Lent. To Paul's Church Yard, to cause the 
 title of my English " Mare Clausum" to be changed, and the 
 new title, dedicated to the King, to be put to it, because I am 
 ashamed to have the other seen, dedicated to the Common- 
 wealth. 
 
 19th. (Baster-day.) Up, and this day put on my close-kneed 
 coloured suit, which, with new stockings of the colour, with 
 belt, and new gilt-handled sword, is very handsome. To 
 church, where the young Scotchman preaching, I slept awhile. 
 After supper, fell in discourse of dancing, and I find that 
 Ashwell hath a very fine carriage, which makes my wife almost 
 ashamed of herself to see herself so outdone, but to-morrow 
 she begins to learn to dance for a month or two. Will being 
 37* 
 
406 DIAKY OF [25th April, 
 
 gone, with my leave, to his father's this day for a day or two, 
 to take physique these holidays. 
 
 20th. To Mr. Grant's. There saw his prints, which he 
 shewed me, and indeed are the best collection of anything 
 almost that ever I saw, there being the prints of most of the 
 greatest houses, churches, and antiquitys in Italy and France, 
 and brave cutts. I had not time to look them over as I 
 . ought. With Sir G. Carteret and Sir John Minnes to my 
 Lord Treasurer's, thinking to have spoken about getting money 
 for paying the Yards ; but we found him with some ladies at 
 cards : and so, it being a bad time to speak, we parted. This 
 day the little Duke of Monmouth was marryed at White Hall, 
 in the King's chamber ; and to-night is a great supper and 
 dancing at his lodgings, near Charing Cross. I observed his 
 coate at the tail of his coach : he gives the arms of England, 
 Scotland, and France, quartered upon some other fields j 1 but 
 what it is that speaks him being a bastard I know not. 
 
 21st. I ruled with red ink my English "Mare Clausum," 
 which, with the new orthodox title, makes it now very hand- 
 some. 
 
 22d. To my uncle Wight's, by invitation, where we had 
 but a poor dinner, and not well dressed ; besides, the very 
 sight of my aunt's hands, and greasy manner of carving, did 
 almost turn my stomach. After dinner, to the king's play- 
 house, where we saw but part of "Witt without Mony," 2 
 which I do not like much — it costing me four half-crowns for 
 myself and company. 
 
 23d. St. George's day and Coronacion, the King and Court 
 
 being at Windsor, at the installing of the King of Denmarke 
 
 by proxy, and the Duke of Monmouth. 
 
 8 25th. In the evening, merrily practising the dance which 
 
 my wife hath begun to learn this day of Mr. Pembleton, but 
 
 1 The arms granted to the Duke of Monmouth, 8th April, 1665, were, Quarterly, 
 1. and iv. ; Ermine, on a pile gu. three lions passant gardant or; ii. and iii., or, an 
 ineseutcheon of France, within a double tressure flory counter flory, gu. On the 
 22nd April, 1667, another grant was made to the Duke of the arms of Charles II., 
 with a bat in sinister arg. ; over all, an ineseutcheon of Scott. The present Duke 
 of Buccleuch bears these arms quarterly. It is quite clear that Pepys knew nothing 
 of heraldry. 
 
 * A comedy, by Beaumont and Fletcher. Mohun played Valentine. 
 
1663.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 407 
 
 I fear will hardly do any great good at it, because she is con- 
 ceited that she do well already, though I think no such thing. 
 At Westminster Hall, this day, I bought a book lately printed 
 and licensed by Dr. Stradling, 1 the Bishop of London's chap- 
 lain, being a book discovering the practices and designs of the 
 papists — a very good book; but, forasmuch as it touches one 
 of the Queen-Mother's father confessors, the Bishop, which 
 troubles many good men and members of Parliament, hath 
 called it in, which I am sorry for. Another book I bought, 
 being a collection of many expressions of the great Presbyte- 
 rian preachers upon public occasions, in the late times, against 
 the King and his party, as some of Mr. Marshall,- Case, Calamy, 
 Baxter, &c., 2 which is good reading now, to see what they then 
 did teach, and the people believe, and what they would seem 
 to believe now. I did hear that the Queen is much grieved 
 of late at the King's neglecting her, he not having supped 
 once with her this quarter of a year, and almost every night 
 with my Lady Castlemaine, who hath been with him this St. 
 George's feast at Windsor, and come home with him last 
 night ; and, which is more, they say is removed as to her bed 
 from her own home to a chamber in White Hall, next to the 
 King's owne ; which I am sorry to hear, though I love her 
 much. 
 
 26th. (Lord's day.) Tom coming, with whom I was angry 
 for his botching my camlott coat, to tell me that my father 
 was at our church, I got me ready, and had a very good 
 sermon of a country minister upon " How blessed a thing it 
 is for brethren to live together in unity." My wife, Ashwell, 
 and the boy and I, and the dog, over the water, and walked 
 to half-way house, and beyond into the fields, gathering of cow- 
 slipps, and so to half-way house, with some cold lamb we 
 carried with us, and there supped, and had a most pleasant 
 walk back again, Ashwell all along telling us some parts of 
 
 * George Stradling, D.D., in 1672 made Dean of Chichester. Ob. 1688. 
 
 2 " Evangelium Armatum. A Specimen, or Short Collection of several Doctrines 
 and Positions destructive to our Government, both Civil and Ecclesiastical, 
 preached and vented bj the known leaders and abettors of the pretended Refor- 
 mation, such as Mr. Calamy, Mr. Jenkins, Mr. Case, Mr. Baxter, Mr. Caryll, Mr. 
 Marshall and others." London : Printed for William Garret, 1663, 4to. 
 
408 DIARY OF [29th April, 
 
 their maske at Chelsey school, which was very pretty, and I 
 find she hath a most prodigious memory, remembering so 
 much of things acted six or seven years ago. So home, being 
 sleepy, without prayers to-bed, for which God forgive .me ! 
 
 27th. Will Griffin tells me this morning that Captain 
 Browne, Sir W. Batten's brother-in-law, is dead of a blew 
 given him two days ago by a seaman, a servant of his, being 
 drunk, with a stone striking him on the forehead, for which I 
 am sorry, he having a good woman and several small children. 
 By water to White Hall ; but found the Duke of York gone 
 to St. James's for this summer ; and thence with Mr. Coventry 
 and Sir W. Pen up to the Duke's closet, and a good while 
 with him about Navy business. And so I to White Hall, 
 and there a long while with my Lord Sandwich, discoursing 
 about his debt to the Navy, wherein he hath given me some 
 things to resolve him in. The Queen, which I did not know, 
 it seems, was at Windsor, at the late St. George's feast there ; 
 and the Duke of Monmouth dancing with her, with his hat in 
 his hand, the King came in and kissed him, and made him 
 put on his hat, which every body took notice of. 
 
 29th. To Chelsey, where we found my Lord all alone with 
 one joynt of meat at dinner, and mightily extolling the manner 
 of his retirement, and the goodness of his diet : the mistress of 
 the house, Mrs. Becke, having been a woman of good condi- 
 tion heretofore, a merchant's wife, hath all things most excel- 
 lently dressed ; among others, her cakes admirable, and so 
 good, that my Lord's words were, they were fit to present to 
 my Lady Castlemaine. From ordinary discourse my Lord 
 fell to talk of other matters to me, of which chiefly the second 
 part of the fray, which he told me a little while since of, 
 between Mr. Edward Montagu and himself; that he hath for- 
 born coming to him almost two months, and do speak not only 
 slightly of my Lord every where, but hath complained to my 
 Lord Chancellor of him, and arrogated all that ever my Lord 
 hath done to be only by his direction and persuasion. Whether 
 he hath done the like to the King or no, my Lord knows not ; 
 but my Lord hath been with the King since, and finds all 
 things fair; and my Lord Chancellor hath told him of it; but 
 
■2683.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 409 
 
 he so much contemns Mr. Montagu, as my Lord knows him- 
 self very secure against any thing the fool can do ; and, not- 
 withstanding all this, so noble is his nature, that he professes 
 himself ready to show kindness and pity to Mr. Montagu on 
 any occasion. My Lord told me of his presenting Sir H. 
 Bennet with a gold cup of 100?., which he refuses, with a com- 
 pliment ; but my Lord would have been glad he had taken it, 
 that he might have had some obligations upon him, which he 
 thinks possible the other may refuse to prevent it ; not that 
 he hath any reason to doubt his kindness. But I perceive 
 great differences there are at Court ; and Sir H. Bennet, and 
 my Lord Bristol, and their faction, are likely to carry all 
 things before them, which my Lord's judgement is, will not 
 be for the best, and particularly against the Chancellor, who, 
 he tells me, is irrecoverably lost : but, however, that he do so 
 not actually joyne in any thing against the Chancellor, whom 
 he do own to be a most sure friend, and to have been his 
 greatest ; and therefore will not openly act in either, but pas- 
 sively carry himself even. The Queen, my Lord tells me, he 
 thinks he hath incurred some displeasure with, for his kindness 
 to his neighbour, my Lady Castlemaine. My Lord tells me 
 he hath no reason to fall for her sake, whose wit, management, 
 nor interest, is not likely to hold up any man, and therefore 
 he thinks it not his obligation to stand for her, against his own 
 interest. The Duke and Mr. Coventry my Lord sees he is 
 very well with, and fears not but they will show themselves 
 his very good friends, specially at this time, he being able to 
 serve them, and they needing him, which he did not tell me 
 wherein. Talking of the business of Tangier, he tells me that 
 my Lord Teviott l is gone away without the least respect paid 
 to him, nor indeed to any man, but without his commission ; 
 and, if it be true what he says, having laid out seven or eight 
 thousand pounds in commodities for the place ; and besides 
 having not only disobliged all the Commissioners for Tangier, 
 but also Sir Charles Barkeley the other day, who spoke in 
 behalf of Colonel Fitz-Gerald, that having been deputy- 
 governor there already, he ought to have expected and had the 
 
 1 See ante, p. 359, note. 
 
 "Vol. L— 38 
 
410 DIARY OF [29th April, 
 
 governorship upon -the death or removal of the former 
 Governor. And whereas it is said that he and his men are 
 Irish, which is indeed the main thing that hath moved the 
 King and Council to put in Teviott, to prevent the Irish having 
 too great and the whole command there, under Fitz-Gerald ; 
 he further said, that there was never an Englishman fit to 
 command Tangier ; my Lord Teviott answered yes, there were 
 many more fit than himself, or Fitz-Gerald either. So that 
 Fitz-Gerald being so great with the Duke of York, and being 
 already made deputy-governor, independent of my Lord 
 Teviott, and he being also left here behind him for a while, 
 my Lord Sandwich do think, that, putting all these things 
 together, the few friends he hath left, and the ill posture of 
 his affairs, my Lord Teviott is not a man of the conduct and 
 management that either people take him to be, or is fit for 
 the command of the place. And here, speaking of the Duke 
 of York and Sir Charles Barkeley, my Lord tells me that he 
 do very much admire the good management, and discretion, 
 and nobleness of the Duke, that however he may be led by 
 him or Mr. Coventry singly in private, yet he did not observe 
 that in public matters, but he did give as ready hearing and 
 as good acceptance to any reasons offered by any other man 
 against the opinions of them, as he did to them, and would 
 concur in the prosecution of it. Then we come to discourse 
 upon his own sea-accompts, and come to a resolution how to 
 proceed in them ; wherein, though I offered him a way of 
 evading the greatest part of his debt honestly, by making him- 
 self debtor to the Parliament, before the King's time, which 
 he might justly do, yet he resolved to go openly and nakedly 
 in it, and put himself to the kindness of the King and Duke, 
 which humour I must confess, and so did tell him, with which 
 he was not a little pleased, had thriven very well with him, 
 being known to be a man of candid and open dealing, without 
 any private tricks or hidden designs, as other men commonly 
 have in what they do. From that we had discourse of Sir G. 
 Carteret, and of many others ; and upon the whole, I do find 
 that it is a troublesome thing for a man of any condition at 
 Court to carry himself even, and without contracting envy oi 
 
1663.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 4H 
 
 envyers ; and that much discretion and dissimulation is neces- 
 sary to do it. W. Howe and I went down and walked in the 
 gardens, which are very fine, and a pretty fontayne, with 
 which I was finely wetted, and up to a banquetting-house, with 
 a very fine prospect. With Captain Ferrers to my Lord, to 
 tell him that my Lady Jemimah is come to town, and that 
 Will Stankes is come with my father's horses. 
 
 30th. To dinner, where Mrs. Hunt, my father, and W. 
 Stankes ; but, Lord ! what a stir Stankes makes, with his 
 being crowded in the streets, and wearied in walking in 
 London, and would not be wooed by my wife and Ashwell to 
 go to a play, nor to White Hall, or to see the lyons, 1 though 
 he was carried in a coach. . I never could have thought there 
 had been upon earth a man so little curious in the world as 
 he is. 
 
 May 1st. After dinner, I got my father, brother Tom, and 
 myself together, and I advised my father to good husbandry, 
 and to be living within the compass of 50?. a year, and all in 
 such kind words, as not only made both them but myself to 
 weep. That being done, we all took horse, and I, upon a 
 horse hired of Mr. Game,. saw him out of London, at the end 
 of Bishopsgate Street, and so I turned, and rode, with some 
 trouble, through the fields, and then Holborne, &c, towards 
 Hide Park, whither all the world, I think, are going ; and in 
 my going, almost thither, met W. Howe coming, galloping 
 upon a little crop black nag, it seems, one that was taken in 
 some ground of my Lord's, by some mischance being left by 
 his master, a thiefe — this horse being found with black cloth 
 eares on, and a false mayne, having none of his own, and I 
 back again with him to the Chequer, at Charing Crosse, and 
 there put up my own dull jade, and by his advice saddled a deli- 
 cate stone-horse of Captain Ferrers, and with that rid in state 
 to the park, where none better mounted than I almost ; but 
 being in a throng of horses, seeing the King's riders showing 
 tricks with their managed horses, which were very strange, 
 my stone-horse was very troublesome, and begun to fight with 
 
 1 The lions were in the Tower; whence the word lionize, which may puzzle the 
 etymologists of the next century, the menagerie no longer existing. 
 
412 DIARY OF [3d May, 
 
 other horses, to the dangering him and myself; and with 
 much ado I got out, and kept myself out of harm's way. 
 Here I saw nothing good — neither the King, nor my Lady 
 Castlemaine, nor any great ladies or beauties being there, 
 there being more pleasure a great deal at an ordinary day ; 
 or else those few good faces that there were choked up with 
 the many bad ones, there being people of all sorts in coaches 
 there, to some thousands. Going thither in the highway 
 again, by the park gate, I met a boy in a sculler-boat, carried 
 by a dozen people at least, rowing as hard as he could drive 
 — it seems, upon some wager. By and by, about seven 
 o'clock, homeward ; and changing my horse again, I rode 
 home, coaches going in great crowds to the further end of the 
 town, almost. In my way, in Leadenhall Street, there was 
 morris-dancing, which I have not seen a great while. So set 
 my horse up at Games's, paying 5s. for him, and went to hear 
 Mrs. Turner's daughter play on the harpsichon ; but, Lord ! 
 it was enough to make any man sick to hear her ; yet was I 
 forced to commend her highly. This day, Captain Grove 
 sent me a side of pork, which was the oddest present, sure, 
 that was ever made any man ; and the next, I remember I 
 told my wife, I believed would be a pound of candles, or a 
 shoulder of mutton ; but the fellow do it in kindness, and is 
 one I am beholden to. So to bed, very weary, and a little 
 galled, for lack of riding, praying to God for a good journey 
 to my father, of whom I am afraid, he being so lately ill. 
 
 3d. (Lord's day.) To church, where Sir W. Pen shewed 
 me the young lady which young Dawes, 1 that sits in the new 
 corner-pew in the church, hath stole away from Sir Andrew 
 Rickard, 2 her guardian, worth 1000Z. per annum, present, good 
 
 1 John, son of Sir Thomas Dawes, of Putney. He married Christian, 
 daughter and heir of William Lyons, Esq., of Barking, Essex, and was created a 
 Baronet in June, 1663. His third son, Sir William Dawes, became Archbishop 
 of York. 
 
 2 Sir Andrew Rickard, an eminent London merchant, chairman of the East 
 India and Turkey companies; knighted, 10th July, 1662. He was one of the 
 principal inhabitants of St. Olave's, Hart Street, in the church of which parish 
 he lies buried, and there his statue is still to be seen. He died 6th September,- 
 1672, a8t. suas 68. He was father-in-law to John, Lord Berkeley, of Stratton, 
 frequently mentioned by Pepys. 
 
I 663 -] SAMUEL PEPTS. 4J3 
 
 land, and some money, and a very -well-bred and handsome 
 lady: he, I doubt, but a simple fellow. However, he got 
 this good luck to get her, which methinks I could envy him, 
 with all my heart. 
 
 4th. The dancing-master [Pembleton] come, whom stand- 
 ing by, seeing him instructing my wife, when he had done 
 with her, he would needs have me try the steps of a coranto ; 
 and what with his desire and my wife's importunity, I did 
 begin, and then was obliged to give bim entry money 10s., . 
 and am become his scholler. The truth is, I think it is a thing 
 very useful for any gentleman. To St. James's, where Mr. 
 Coventry, Sir W. Pen, and I staid for the Duke's coming in, 
 but not coming, we walked to "White Hall ; and meeting the 
 King, we followed him into the Park, where Mr. Coventry and 
 he talking of building a new yacht out of his private purse, he 
 having some contrivance of his own. The talk being done, 
 we fell off to Whitehall, leaving the Bang in the Park ; and 
 going back, met the Duke going towards St. James's to meet 
 us. So he turned back again, and to his closet at White 
 Hall ; and there, my Lord Sandwich present, we did our weekly 
 errand, and so broke up ; and I to the garden with my Lord 
 Sandwich ; after we had sat an hour at the Tangier Com- 
 mittee, and after talking largely of his own businesses, we 
 began to talk how matters are at Court : and though he did 
 not flatly tell me any such thing, yet I do suspect that all is 
 not kind between the King and the Duke, and that the King's 
 fondness to the little Duke do occasion it ; and it may be 
 that there is some fear of his being made heire to the 
 Crown. But this my Lord did not tell me, but is my guess 
 only ; and that my Lord Chancellor is without doubt falling 
 past hopes. 
 
 5th. With Sir J. Minnes, he telling many old stories of 
 the Navy, and of the state of the Navy at the beginning of 
 the late troubles ; and I am troubled at my heart to think, 
 and shall hereafter cease to wonder at the bad success of the 
 King's cause, when such a knave as he, if it be true what he 
 says, had the whole management of the fleet, and the design 
 38 * 2d 
 
41J. DIARY OF [8th May 
 
 of putting out of my Lord Warwicke, 1 and carrying the fleet 
 to the King, wherein he failed most fatally, to the Bang's 
 mine. 
 
 6th. To the Exchange with Creed, where we met Sir J. 
 Minnes, who tells us, in great heat, that the Parliament will 
 make mad work ; that they will render all men incapable of 
 any military or civil employment that have borne arms in the 
 late troubles against the King, excepting some persons ; which, 
 if it be so, as I hope it is not, will give great cause of discon- 
 tent, and I doubt will have but bad effects. To the Trinity 
 House, and there dined, where, among other discourse worth 
 hearing among the old seamen, they tell us that they have 
 catched often, in Greenland, whales with the iron grapnells 
 that had formerly been struck into their bodies covered over 
 with fat ; that they have had eleven hogsheads of oyle out of 
 a tongue of a whale. 
 
 7th. Sir Thomas Crewe this day tells me that the Queen, 
 hearing that there was 40,000Z. per annum brought into her 
 account among the other expences of the Crown before the 
 Committee of Parliament, she took order to let them know 
 that she hath yet, for the payment of her whole family, 
 received but 4000?., which is a notable act of spirit, and I 
 believe is true. To my Lord Crewe's, and there dined with 
 him. He tells me of the order the House of Commons have 
 made for the drawing an Act for the rendering none capable 
 of preferment or employment in the State, but who have been 
 loyall and constant to the King and Church ; which will be 
 fatal to a great many, and makes me doubt lest I myself, 
 with all my innocence during the late times, should be brought 
 in, being employed in the Exchequer ; but, I hope, Cod will 
 provide for me. 
 
 8th. By water to the Strand, and there viewed the Queen- 
 Mother's works at Somerset House, 2 and thence to the new 
 playhouse, but could not get in to see it: so to visit my 
 
 1 Robert Rich, second Earl of Warwick of that family, Admiral for the Parlia- 
 ment Ob. 1658. 
 
 ' Somerset House was greatly improved for Henrietta-Maria. The river front 
 was built by Inigo Jones, and the County Fire Office, in Regent Street, is a copy 
 •fit 
 
1653.] SAMUEL PEPTS. 415 
 
 Lady Oemimah, -who is grown much since I saw her; but 
 lacks mightily to be brought into the fashion of the court to 
 set her off. Took my wife and Ashwell to the Theatre 
 Koyall, being the second day of its being opened. The house 
 is made with extraordinary good convenience, and yet hath 
 some faults, as the narrowness of the passages in and out of 
 the pit, and the distance from the stage to the boxes, which I 
 am confident cannot hear ; but for all other things is well ; 
 only, above all, the musique being below, and most of it 
 sounding under the very stage, there is no hearing of the 
 bases at all, nor very well of the trebles, which sure must be 
 mended. The play was " The Humorous Lieutenant," a play 
 that hath little good in it, nor much in the very part which, 
 by the King's command, Lacy now acts, instead of Clun. In 
 the dance, the tall devil's actions was very pretty. The play 
 being done, we home by water, having been a little shamed 
 that my wife and woman were in such a pickle, all the ladies 
 being finer and better dressed in the pit than they used, I 
 think, to be. To my office, to set down this day's passage; 
 and, though my oath against going to plays do not oblige me 
 against this house, because it was not then in being, yet, 
 believing that at the time my meaning was against all public 
 houses, I am resolved to deny myself the liberty of two plays 
 at Court, which are in arreare to me for the months of March 
 and April. At supper comes Pembleton, and afterwards we 
 all up to dancing till late. They say that I am like to make 
 a dancer. 
 
 9th. At Mr. Jervas's, my old barber, I did try two or three 
 borders and perriwiggs, meaning to wear one ; and yet I have 
 no stomach [for it], but that the pains of keeping my hair 
 clean is so great. He trimmed me, and at last I parted, but 
 my mind was almost altered from my first purpose, from the 
 trouble that I foresee will be in wearing them also. 
 
 10th. (Lord's day.) Put on a black cloth suit, with white 
 lynings under all, as the fashion is to wear, to appear under 
 the breeches. I walked to St. James's, and was there at 
 masse, and was forced in the crowd to kneel down : and masse 
 being done, to the Bang's Head ordinary, where many 
 
416 DIARY OP [11th May 
 
 Parliament-men ; and most of their talk was about the news 
 from Scotland, that the Bishop of Galloway was besieged in 
 his house by some women, and had like to have been outraged, 
 but I know not how he was secured ; which is bad news, and 
 looks as it did in the beginning of the late troubles. From 
 thence they talked of rebellion ; and I perceive they make it 
 their great maxime to be sure to master the City of London, 
 whatever comes of it or from it. After that to some other 
 discourse, and, among other things, talking of the way of 
 Ordinaries, that it is very convenient, because a man knows 
 what he hath to pay : one did wish that, among many 
 bad, we could learn her good things, of France, which 
 were that we would not think it below the gentleman, or 
 person of honour at a taverne, to bargain for his meat before 
 he eats it ; and next, to take his servant without certificate 
 from some friend or gentleman of his good behaviour and 
 abilities. 
 
 11th. On foot to Greenwich, where, going, I was set upon 
 by a great dog, who got hold of my garters, and might have 
 done me hurt ; but, Lord ! to see in what a maze I was, that, 
 having a sword about me, I never thought of it, or had the 
 heart to make use of it, but might, for want of that courage, 
 have been worried. With Sir W. Pen to St. James's, where 
 we attended the Duke of York : and, among other things, 
 Sir G. Carteret and I had a great dispute about the different 
 value of the pieces of eight rated by Mr. Creed at 4s. and 5d., 
 and by Mr. Pitts at 4s. and 9d., which was the greatest 
 husbandry to the King ? he proposing that the greatest sum 
 was ; which is as ridiculous a piece of ignorance as could be 
 imagined. However, it is to be argued at the Board, and 
 reported to the Duke next week ; which I shall do with 
 advantage, I hope. I went homeward, after a little discourse 
 with Mr. Pierce, the surgeon, who tells me that my Lady 
 Castlemaine hath now got lodgings near the King's chamber 
 at Court; and that the other day Dr. Clarke and he did 
 dissect two bodies, a man and a woman, before the King, 
 with which the King was highly pleased. I called upon Mr. 
 Crumlum, and did give him the 10s. remaining not laid out, 
 
1663.] SAMUEL PEPYS. ^J 
 
 of the 57. I promised him for the School, with which he will 
 buy strings, and golden letters upon the books I did give 
 them 
 
 12th. A little angry with my wife for minding nothing 
 now but the dancing-master, having him come twice a day, 
 which is folly. 
 
 14th. Met Mr. Moore; and with him to an ale-house in 
 Holborne ; where in discourse he told me that he fears the 
 King will be tempted to endeavour the setting the Crown upon 
 the little Duke, which may cause troubles ; which God forbid, 
 unless it be his due ! He told me my Lord do begin to 
 settle to business again ; and that the King did send for 
 him the other day to my Lady Castlemaine's, to play at cards, 
 where he lost 50?. ; for which I am sorry, though he says my 
 Lord was pleased at it, and said he would be glad at any 
 time to lose 50?. for the King to send for him to play, which 
 I do not so well like. This day we received a baskett from 
 my sister Pall, made by her, of paper, which hath a great 
 deal of labour in it for country innocent work. 
 
 15th. I walked in the Parke, discoursing with the keeper 
 of the Pell Mell, who was sweeping of it ; who told me of 
 what the earth is mixed that do floor the Mall, and that over 
 all there is cockle-shells powdered, and spread to keep it fast ; 
 which, however, in dry weather, turns to dust and deads the 
 ball. Thence to Mr. Coventry ; and, sitting by his bedside, 
 he did tell me that he did send for me to discourse upon my 
 Lord Sandwich's allowances for his several pays, and what his 
 thoughts are concerning his demands ; which he could not 
 take the freedom to do face to face, it being not so proper as 
 by me ; and did give me a most friendly and ingenuous 
 account of all ; telling me how unsafe; at this juncture, while 
 every man's, and his actions particularly, are descanted upon, 
 it is either for him to put the Duke upon doing, or my Lord 
 himself to desire any thing extraordinary, 'specially the King 
 having been so bountifull already; which the world takes 
 notice of, even to some repinings. All of which he did desire 
 me to discourse to my Lord of; which I have undertaken to 
 do. At noon by coach to my Lord Crewe's, hearing th»t my 
 
418 DIARY OF [15th May, 
 
 Lord Sandwich dined there ; where I told him what had 
 passed between Mr. Coventry and myself; with which he was 
 contented, though I could perceive not very well pleased. 
 And I do believe that my Lord do find some other things go 
 against his mind in the House : for, in the motion made the 
 other day in the House by my Lord Bruce,' that none be 
 capable of employment but such as have been loyal and 
 constant to the King and Church, that the General 2 and my 
 Lord were mentioned to be excepted ; and my Lord Bruce 
 did come since to my Lord, to clear himself that he meant 
 nothing to his prejudice, nor could it have any such effect if 
 he did mean it. After discourse with my Lord, to dinner 
 with him ; there dining there my Lord Montagu, 3 of Boughton, 
 Mr. William Montagu, 4 his brother, the Queen's Sollicitor, &c, 
 and a fine dinner. Their talk about a ridiculous falling- 
 out two days ago at my Lord of Oxford's house, at an 
 entertainment of his, there being there my Lord of Albemarle, 
 Lynsey, 5 two of the Porters, 6 my Lord Bellasses and others, 
 where there were high words and some blows, and pulling off 
 of perriwiggs ; till my Lord Monk took away some of their 
 Bwords, and sent for some soldiers to guard the house till the 
 fray was ended. To such a degree of madness the nobility 
 of this age is come ! After dinner, I went up to Sir Thomas 
 Crewe, who lies there not very well in his head, being troubled 
 with vapours and fits of dizzinesse : and there I sat talking 
 with him all the afternoon upon the unhappy posture of things 
 at this time ; that the King do mind nothing but pleasures, 
 and hates the very sight or thoughts of business ; that my 
 
 1 Robert Bruce, second Earl of Elgin, created, in 1663-4, Baron and Visconnt 
 Bruce, aDd Earl of Ailesbury (English honours). He was also a Privy-Councillor, 
 and one of the Lords of the King's Bedchamber. He died in 1685, just after his 
 appointment as Lord Chamberlain to James II. 
 
 J Monk. 
 
 3 Edward, second Lord Montagu of Boughton, in 1664 succeeded his father, who 
 had been created a Baron by James I., and died, 1683, leaving a son, afterwards 
 Duke of Montagu. 
 
 ' Afterwards Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. Ob. 1707, set. 89. 
 
 Montagu Bertie, second Earl of Lindsey, whose mother was Elizabeth, daughter 
 of Edward, first Lord Montagu of Boughton. 
 
 6 Charles and Thomas Porter. The latter was engaged in a fatal duel with Sir 
 H. Bellasis. See 29th July, and 8th and 12th Aug. 1667. 
 
168 3 -3 SAMUEL PEPYS. 419 
 
 Lady Castlemaine rules him, who, he sees, hath all the tricks 
 of Aretin. If any of the sober counsellors give him good 
 advice, and move him in any thing that is to his good and 
 honour, the other part, which are his counsellors of pleasure, 
 take him when he is with my Lady Castlemaine, and in a 
 humour of delight, and then persuade him that he ought not 
 to hear nor listen to the advice of those old dotards or coun- 
 sellors that were heretofore his enemies : when, God knows ! 
 it is they that now-a-days do most study his honour. It 
 seems the present favourites now are my Lord Bristoll, Duke 
 of Buckingham, Sir H. Bennet, my Lord Ashley, and Sir 
 Charles Barkeley; who, among them, have cast my Lord 
 Chancellor upon his back, past ever getting up again ; there 
 being now little for him to do, and he waits at Court attending 
 to speak to the King as others do : which I pray God may prove 
 of good effects, for it is feared it will be the same with my 
 Lord Treasurer shortly. But strange to hear how my Lord 
 Ashley, by my Lord Bristoll's means, he being brought over 
 to the Catholique party against the Bishops, whom he hates 
 to the death, and publicly rails against them ; not that he is 
 become a Catholique, but merely opposes the Bishops ; and 
 yet, for aught I hear, the Bishop of London keeps as great 
 with the King as ever, is got into favour, so much that, being 
 a man of great business and yet of pleasure ; and, drolling, 
 too, he, it is thought, will be made Lord Treasurer upon the 
 death or removal of the good old man. 1 My Lord Albemarle, 
 I hear, do bear through and bustle among them, and will not 
 be removed from the King's good opinion and favour, through 
 none of the Cabinett ; but yet he is envied enough. It is 
 made very doubtful whether the King do not intend the 
 making of the Duke of Monmouth legitimate ; but surely the 
 Commons of England will never do it, nor the Duke of York 
 suffer it, whose Lady, I am told, is very troublesome to him 
 by her jealousy. But it is wonderfull that Sir Charles 
 Barkeley should be so great still, not with the King, but 
 Duke also ; who did so stifly swear that he had intrigued 
 
 1 The Earl of Southampton. 
 
420 DIARY OF [15th May, 
 
 with her. No care is observed to be taken of the main 
 chance, either for maintaining of trade or opposing of factions, 
 which, God knows, are ready to break out, if any of thenij 
 which God forbid ! should dare to begin ; the King and everv 
 man about him minding so much their pleasures or profits. 
 My Lord Hinchingbroke, I am told, hath had a mischance to 
 kill his boy by his birding-piece going off as he was a-fowling. 
 The gun was charged will small shot, and hit the boy in the 
 face and about the temples, and he lived four days. In 
 Scotland, it seems, for all the news-books tell us every week 
 that they are all so quiet and every thing in the Church 
 settled, the old woman had like to have killed, the other day, 
 the Bishop of Galloway, and not half the Churches of the 
 whole kingdom conform. Strange were the effects of the 
 late thunder and lightning about a week since at Northampton, 
 coming with great rain, which caused extraordinary floods in 
 a few houres, bearing away bridges, drowning horses, men, 
 and cattle. Two men passing over a bridge on horseback, 
 the arches before and behind them were borne away, and that 
 left which they were upon : but, however, one of the horses 
 fell over and was drowned. Stacks of faggots carried as high 
 as a steeple, and other dreadful things ; which Sir Thomas 
 Crewe showed me letters to him about from Mr. Freemantle 
 and others, that it is very true. The Portugalls have choused 1 
 us, it seems, in the island of Bombay, in the East Indys ; for, 
 after a great charge of our fleets being sent thither with full 
 
 ' In 1609, a Chiaus sent by Sir Robert Shirley, from Constantinople to 
 London, bad ckiaused (or choused) the Turkish and Persian merchants out of 
 40002., before the arrival of his employer, and had decamped. The affair was 
 quite recent in 1610, when Jonson's " Alchemist" appeared, in which it is thus 
 alluded to : — 
 
 "D. What do you think of me? 
 
 That I am a Chiaus? 
 
 " Face. What's that ? 
 
 " D. The Turk was here. 
 
 As one would say, do you think I am a Turk." Aleh. i., 2. 
 
 "The Turk," says Mr. Gifford, "was probably little conscious that he had 
 enriched the language with a word, the etymology of which would mislead 
 Upton and puzzle Dr. Johnson." Hence, therefore, to cluute. — See ITares's 
 Glossary. 
 
« 63 -] SAMUEL PEPTS. 4£1 
 
 commission from the King of Portugall to receive it, the 
 Governour, by some pretence or other, will not deliver it to 
 Sir Abraham Shipman, sent from the King, nor to my Lord 
 of Marlborough ; l which the King takes highly ill, and I 
 fear our Queen will fare the worse for it. The Dutch decay 
 there exceedingly, it being believed that their people will revolt 
 from them there, and they forced to give over their trade. 
 Sir Thomas showed me his picture, and Sir Anthony Van- 
 dike's, in crayon in little, done exceedingly well. 
 
 16th. After dinner comes Pembleton again, and I did go 
 up to them to practise, and did make an end of "La 
 Duchesse," 2 which I think I should, with a little pains, do 
 very well. 
 
 17th. (Lord's day.) Up, and in my chamber all the morning, 
 preparing my great letters to my father, stating to him the 
 perfect condition of our estate. 
 
 18th. I walked to White Hall, and into the Park, seeing 
 the Queen and Maids of Honour passing through the house, 
 going to the Park. But, above all, Mrs. Stuart is a fine 
 woman, and they say now a common mistress to the King, as 
 my Lady Castlemaine is ; which is a great pity. Taking a 
 coach to Mrs. Clerke's — took her, and my wife, and Ashwell, 
 and a Frenchman, a kinsman of her's, to the Park ; where 
 we saw many fine faces, and one exceeding handsome, in a 
 white dress over her head, with many others very beautiful. 
 Home, talking much of what we had observed to-day of the 
 poor household stuff of Mrs. Clerke, and her show and 
 flutter that she makes in the world; and pleasing myself 
 in my own house and manner of living more than ever I did, 
 by seeing how much better and more substantially I live than 
 others do. 
 
 19th. With Sir John Minnes to the Tower ; and by Mr. 
 Slingsby, and Mr. Howard, Comptroller of the Mint, we were 
 shown the method of making this new money. That being 
 done, the Comptroller would have us dine with him and his 
 
 1 James Ley, third Earl of Marlborough, killed in the great sea-fight wit} the 
 Dutch, 1665. 
 * The name of a dance. 
 
 Vol. I.— 39 
 
4^2 DIARY OP [19th May, 
 
 company, the King giving them a dinner every day. And very 
 merry and good discourse upon the business we have been 
 upon, and after dinner went to the Assay Office, and there 
 saw the manner of assaying of gold and silver, and how silver 
 melted down with gold do part, [upon] just being put into 
 aqua-fortis, the silver turning into water, and the gold lying 
 whole, in the very form it was put in, mixed of gold and 
 silver, which is a miracle ; and to see no silver at all, but 
 turned into water, which they can bring again into itself out 
 of the water : and at table they told us of two cheats, the 
 best I ever heard. One of a labourer discovered to convey 
 away bits of silver cut out for pence by swallowing them, and 
 so they could not find him out, though, of course, they 
 searched all the labourers : but, having reason to doubt him, 
 they did, by threats and promises, get him to confess, and 
 did find 71. of it in his house at one time. The other of one 
 that got a way of coyning as good and passable, and large as 
 the true money is, and yet saved fifty per cent, to himself, 
 which was by getting moulds made to stamp groats like old 
 groats, which is done so well, and I did beg two of them, 
 which I keep for rarities, that there is not better in the world, 
 and is as good and better than those that commonly go, 
 which was the only thing that they could find out to doubt 
 them by, besides the number that the party do go to put off, 
 and then, coming to the Comptroller of the Mint, he could 
 not, I say, find out any other thing to raise any doubt upon, 
 but only their being so truly round or near it. He was 
 neither hanged nor burned ; the cheat was thought so in- 
 genious, and being the first time they could ever trap him in 
 it, and so little hurt to any man in it, the money being as 
 good as commonly goes. They now coyne between 16 and 
 24,000 pounds in a week. At dinner they did discourse very 
 finely to us of the probability, that there is a vast deal of 
 money hid in the land, from this : that in King Charles's 
 time there was near ten millions of money coyned, besides 
 what was then in being of King James's and Queen Elizabeth's, 
 of which there is a good deal at this day in being. Next, 
 that there was but 750,000Z. coyned of the Harp and Crosse 
 
1863.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 423 
 
 money, 1 and cf this there was 500,0002. brought in upon its 
 being called in. And from very good arguments they find 
 that there cannot be less of it in Ireland and Scotland than 
 100,0002.; so that there is but 150,000?. missing; and of 
 that, suppose that there should be not above 50,0002. still 
 remaining, either melted down, hid, or lost, or hoarded up in 
 England, there will then be but 100,000/. left to be thought 
 to have been transported. Now, if 750,0002. in twelve years' 
 time lost but a 100,0002. in danger of being transported, then 
 10,000,0002. in thirty-five years' time will have lost but 
 3,888,8802. and odd pounds ; and, as there is 650,0002. re- 
 maining after twelve years' time in England, so, after thirty- 
 five years' time, which was within this two years, there ought 
 in proportion to have been resting 6,111,1202. or thereabouts, 
 besides King James and Queen Elizabeth's money. Now. 
 that most of this must be hid is evident, as they reckon, 
 because of the dearth of money immediately upon the calling- 
 in of the State's money, which was 500,0002. that come in ; 
 and then there was not any money to be had in- this City, 
 which they say to their own observation and knowledge was 
 so. And therefore, though I can say nothing in it myself, I 
 do not dispute it. 
 
 22d. Rendall, the house-carpenter at Deptford, hath sent 
 me a fine blackbird, which I went to see. He tells me he 
 was offered 20s. for him as he come along, he do so whistle. 
 We walked pleasantly to Woolwich, in our way hearing the 
 nightingales sing. 
 
 23d. Waked this morning between four and five by my 
 blackbird, which whistled as well as ever I heard any ; only 
 it is the beginning of many tunes very well, but there leaves 
 them, and goes no further. To White Hall ; where, in the 
 Matted Gallery, Mr. Coventry was, who told us how the 
 Parliament have required of Sir G. Carteret and him an 
 account what money shall be necessary to be settled upon the 
 
 * This was the money coined by the Commonwealth, having on one side a shield, 
 bearing the Cross gf St. George, and on the other a shield, bearing a Harp. — ■ 
 Hawkins's English Silver Coins, p. 208. See also May 13, 1660, ante, ^here the 
 Harp was taken out of all the naval flags, no doubt because Charles IT. objectod 
 to the arms used during the Protectorate. 
 
424 DIARY OF [27th May 
 
 Navy for the ordinary charge, which they intend to report 
 200,000Z. per annum. And how to allott this, we met this 
 afternoon, and took their papers for our perusal, and so parted. 
 There was walking in the gallery some of the Barbary com 
 pany, and there we saw a draught of the armes of the com 
 pany, which the King is of, and so is called the Royall Com 
 pany 1 — which is, in a field argent an elephant proper, with a 
 Canton on which England and France is quartered, supported 
 by two Moores. The crest an anchor winged, I think it is ; 
 and the motto too tedious : — " Regio floret patrocinio com- 
 mercium, comniercioque Regnum." To Greatorex's, and 
 there he showed me his varnish, which he hath invented, 
 which appears every whit as good, upon a stick which he hath 
 done, as the Indian. 
 
 24th. (Lord's day.) Meeting Mr. Lewis Phillips of Bramp- 
 ton, he and afterwards others tell me that news come last 
 night to Court, that the King of France is sick of the spotted 
 fever, and that they are struck in again ; and this afternoon 
 my Lord Mandeville is gone from the King to make him a 
 visit ; which will be great news, and of great import through 
 Europe. By and by, in comes my Lord Sandwich ; he told 
 me this day a vote hath passed that the King's grants of 
 land to my Lord Monk and him should be made good ; which 
 pleases him very much. He also tells me that things do 
 not go right in the House with Mr. Coventry ; I suppose 
 he means in the business of selling places ; but I am sorry 
 for it. 
 
 27th. With Pett to my Lord Ashley, Chancellor of the 
 Exchequer ; where we met the auditors about settling the 
 business of the accounts of persons to whom money is due 
 before the King's time in the Navy, and the clearing of their 
 imprests for what little of their debts they have received. 
 I find my Lord, as he is reported, a very ready, quiet, and 
 diligent person. I met with my cozen Roger Pepys, and he 
 tells me that his sister Claxton now resolving to give over the 
 
 1 The Royal African or Guinea Company of Merchants. (See Strype's Stow, ed. 
 1720, b. v., p, 268.) Their house was called the African House (see Pepys, 13th 
 Feb. 1663-4), and stood in Leadenhall Street. 
 
1663] SAMUEL PEPTS. 425 
 
 keeping of his house, he thinks it fit to marry again, and 
 would have me, by the help of my uncle Wright or others, to 
 look him out a wife between thirty and forty years old, with- 
 out children, and with a fortune, which he will answer in any 
 degree with a joynture fit for her fortune. A woman sober, 
 and no high-flyer, as he calls it. I demanded his estate. 
 He tells me, which he says also he hath not done to any, that 
 his estate is not full 800Z. per annum, but it is 780?. per 
 annum, of which 2001. is by the death of his last wife, which 
 he will allot for a joynture for a wife, but the rest, which lies 
 in Cambridgeshire, he is resolved to leave entire for his eldest 
 son. He tells me that the King hath sent to the Parliament 
 to hasten to make an end by midsummer, because of his 
 going into the country ; so they have set upon four bills to 
 dispatch : the first of which is, he says, too devilish a severe 
 act against conventicles ; so beyond all moderation, that he is 
 afraid it will ruin all : telling me that it is matter of the 
 greatest grief to him in the world, that he should be put 
 upon this trust of being a Parliament-man, because he says 
 nothing is done, that he can see, out of any truth and sincerity, 
 but mere envy and design. Then into the Great Garden up 
 to the Banqueting House ; and there by my Lord's glass we 
 drew in the species J very pretty. Afterwards to nine-pins, 
 Creed and I playing against my Lord and Cooke. This day 
 there was great thronging to Banstead Downes, upon a great 
 horse-race and foot-race. I am sorry I could not go thither. 
 By and by comes Pembleton, and there we danced country- 
 dances, and single, my wife and I ; and my wife paid him off 
 for this month also, and so he is cleared. 
 
 28th. At the coffee-house in Exchange Alley, I bought a 
 little book, " Counsell to Builders," by Sir Balth. Gerbier. 2 
 
 1 This word is here used as an optical term, and signifies the image painted on 
 the retina of the eye, and the rays of light reflected from the several points of the 
 surface of objects. 
 
 3 Sir Balthazar Gerbier, a native of Antwerp, who resided many years in this 
 country, and died here in 1667. He published many works connected with 
 architecture, and was as much a painter as an architect. In the " Parliamentary 
 Intelligencer" are several advertisements of lectures given by him at his academy 
 in Whitefriars, in 1649-50, on all sorts of subjects, in all sorts of languages, with 
 an entertainment of music, " so there be time for the same." 
 
 39* 
 
426 DIARY OF [31stMay 
 
 It is dedicated almost to all the men of any great condition in 
 England, so that the dedications are more than the book 
 itself, and both it and them not worth a farthing. By water 
 to the Royal Theatre ; but that was so full they told us we 
 could have no room. And so to the Duke's house ; and 
 there saw "Hamlett" done, giving us fresh reason never to 
 think enough of Betterton. Who should we see come upon 
 the stage but Gosnell, my wife's maid, but neither spoke, 
 danced, nor sung ; which I was sorry for. 
 
 29th. This day is kept strictly as a holy-day, being the 
 King's Coronation. Creed and I abroad, and called at several 
 churches : and it is a wonder to see, and by that to guess the 
 ill temper of the City at this time, either to religion in 
 general, or to the King, that in some churches there was 
 hardly ten people, and those poor people. To the Royall 
 Theatre, but they not acting to-day, then to the Duke's 
 house, and there saw "The Slighted Mayde,"' wherein Gosnell 
 acted Pyramena, a great part, and did it very well, and I be- 
 lieve will do it better and better, and prove a good actor. The 
 play is not very excellent, but is well acted, and in general, 
 the actors in all particulars are better than at the other 
 house. Then with Creed to see the German Princesse, 2 at 
 the Gate-house at Westminster. 
 
 31st. (Lord's day.) After dinner, read part of the new play 
 of " The Five Hours' Adventure," which, though I have seen 
 it twice, yet I never did admire or understand it enough — it 
 being a play of the greatest plot that ever I expect to see. 
 Made up my month's accounts, and find myself clear worth 
 726?. This month the greatest news is, the height and heat 
 that the Parliament is in, in inquiring into the revenue, which 
 displeases the Court, and their backwardness to give the King 
 any money. Their enquiring into the selling of places do 
 
 1 By Sir E. Stapylton. 
 
 3 Mary Moders, alias Stedinan, alias Carleton, of whom see more June 7, post, 
 and April 15, 1664. She was a celebrated impostor, who had induced the son of 
 a London citizen to marry her, under the pretence that she was a German Prin- 
 cess. She next became an actress, after having been tried for bigamy and acquitted. 
 The rest of her life was one continued course of robbery and fraud ; and, in 1678, 
 she suffered at Tyburn, for stealing a piece of plate in Chancery Lane. 
 
1663.] SAMUEL PEPYS. 427 
 
 trouble a great many ; among the chief, my Lord Chancellor, 
 against whom particularly it is carried, and Mr. Coventry ; for 
 which I am sorry. The King of France was given out to be 
 poisoned and dead ; but it proves to be the measles : and he 
 is well, or likely to be soon well again. I find myself growing 
 in the esteem and credit that I have in the oflice, and I hope 
 falling to my business again will confirm me in it. 
 
 EHJ> OW VOL. S.