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 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030295152 
 
MASONIC 
 CHAPTER 
 PENNIES 
 
 "Lapis Rejectus Caput An^uli." Mark XII : 10 
 
 "To him that overcometh will I give to eat of 
 the hidden manna, and will give him a white 
 stone, and in the stone a new name written, 
 which no man knoweth saving; he that receiv- 
 eth it/' O" <fF Revelation II : 17 
 
 Price Twenty-five Cents 
 
 By DR. B, P. j)7RIGHT 
 BINGHAMTON CHAPTER 
 NO. 139 R. A. M. 
 
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 A Reprint From 
 
 THE NUMISMATIST 
 
 For July, 1901 
 
•MS^ 
 
 To 
 
 WILLIAM O. BUCKLAND 
 
 My ingenious friend, wj-vo turned me from ignorance and dark- 
 ness by pointing out tj-ie pathway to Lig|-it, and as a candid 
 "Broti^er," histructed me how to labor that my worfc should be level 
 and on the square. Also, as an ever-faithful Companion, lent 
 encouragement when the journey fell into rough and uneven 
 places, always aiding me to mount higher on the ladder that 
 leads to perfection in our Mystic Science. To him. then, it is a 
 high privelege to dedicate this humble brochure and sincerely 
 hope when his "weary feet shall have come to the end of life's 
 toilsome journey" that he may have a seat in the JBasf, in the 
 Grand Lodge of Immortality . 
 
 B. P. WRIGHT A 
 
 
 m 
 
Ul 
 
 PREFACE 
 
 A description of a small collection of Mark Pennies, with the characters, 
 emblems and symbols described, both from a Masonic and Numismatic 
 standpoint. It has been my purpose to gfive the sigfnificance of all char- 
 acters found upon the pennies. In order to do this fully and at the same 
 time keep my pen within due bounds, I have, as far as possible, taken 
 the matter from Dr. Albert G. Mackey's matchless "Encyclopaedia of 
 Freemasonry," and have-not hesitated to transcribe his exact phraseol- 
 ogfy, feeling confident, by so doing:, that nothing would appear that 
 ought to be reserved for the initiated. While some passages may appear 
 obscure to those who are in darkness, those having light will have no 
 difficulty in determining what is meant. 
 
 B. P. WRIGHT 
 158 Pearl St., Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 mm 
 
THE MARK PENNY 
 
 fxr ^ o" 
 
 nnO the ordinary 'lunnistnutisfc these toUeiis are uliuost a terra incoqnilii. The 
 ■*■ Masonic collector may have a few specimens, but not many as members 
 of the fraternity cliei'ish these very lijurhly, and seldom part vcith their own 
 specimen. Again it is the custom of some chapters to refuse to exchange or 
 supply anyone not a member of their chapter with specimens. 
 
 The Mark Penny when received by a member of the fi'aternity is supposed 
 to be inscribed with his- f)wn particular "marli," and as soon as selected 
 placed on record, never to lie chang-ed, lint to remain his "mark" until the 
 day of his death. The mark is not a mere nrnanienlal appendage of the de- 
 gree but is a sacred token nf the i-ites of friendsliip and brotherly love. 
 
 Marks or pledges of this kind were of frequent use among the ancients un- 
 der the name of '■Icxyn-d iKi^iiiUdia'' and "Krrhnbn.'' The nature of the lessera 
 /(o.s^j//((//,s or as the (t reeks called it trvfi^oXov, .symbolon, cannot be better de- 
 scribed than in tlie words of Sclioliast on the Media of Euripides, v.iil.'J, where 
 Jason promises Media on her parting from liim lo send her the symbols of 
 hospitality which should procure her a kind reception in foreign countries. 
 The Wiiter will, as far as permissable endeavor to give the symbolic signifi- 
 cance of the devices found on the pennies described, but will lay no claim to 
 originality, simply arranging the matter taken from Masonic authors where- 
 ever found that will enlighten the subject. 
 
 Freemasonry is a science which is engaged in the search after Divine 
 Truth and which employs symbolism as the method of instruction. 
 
 The ordinary or most common type of the Mark Penny is one having the 
 obverse divided into three spaces by two circles. The inscription found in 
 the outer space consisting of the name, number and location of the chapter; 
 the middle space contains an inscription stating when the charter wasgrant- 
 ed and date, while the inner snace or center contains the words "one | pen- 
 ?iy'' in two lines. The reverse of this type has a keystone bearing the letters 
 n.T. wr.s.s.T.K.s. arranged in a circle. These letters are supposed to represent 
 the "mark" of our ancient Grand Master. 
 
 In Revelations 2:17 we read "To him that overcometh will I give a white 
 stone and in it a new name written which no man knoweth saving he that re- 
 ceiveth it." 
 So. 1. Type 7*Jo. One. Inscription, "ajistkrdam chapter no. 81, u. a. ji. 
 
 ^ifcAlISTEEDA.M, N. Y. > CIIAKTKRED FEBRUARY (iTH — 1824." In the Center "ONE 
 I PENNY." 
 
Uev. Keystone inscribed witVi tlie letters h.t.w.s.s.t.k.s. On the right a 
 mullet; on the left an indenting chisel. C 20 
 
 The mallet symbolically teaches us to corref.t the irregularities of temper, 
 and like enlightened reason, to curb the aspirations of unbridled ambition; to 
 depress the n)alignity of envy and to moderate the ebullition of anger. It re- 
 moves from the mind all excrescences of vice and tits it as a well wrought 
 stone for that exalted station in the great temple of Nature to which as an 
 emanation of the Deity it is entitled. 
 
 The indenting chisel, in itssymbolicsignilication denote.s discipline and ed- 
 ucation. The mind, lilce the diamond in its original state, is unpolished, but 
 as the effects of the chisel on its external coat soon presents to view the la- 
 tent beauties cif the gem, so education discovers hidden virtues and draws 
 them forth to range the large field of matter and space. 
 
 !No. 2. Ob. Keystone inscribed with the mark as in Tso. 1. Inscription, 
 
 "APOLLO CHAPTElt NO 4S R. A. JI.— A. D. ]S1(5 TKOY, N. Y. A. I. 23i6. (See No. 
 
 8 for explanation of the date.) 
 
 Rev. In the upper edge of the field the square and compasses cro.ssed, en- 
 closing the letter "G'' at the opposite .side (}( the field. A mallet crossed 
 above an indenting chisel. The legend "one penny" and wreath form a 
 circle. The right hand portion of the wreath is composed of a cornstalk 
 having ripening ears and a sprig of pomegranite showing fruit. The left 
 hand part of wreath composed of wheat stalks bearing wheat heads and olive 
 sprig showing the blossoms. C 22 
 
 Note that the Iceystone is on the obverse of this specimen, which is un- 
 usual. The corn, pomegranite and olive sprig in the wreath denote abun- 
 dance or plenty, the wants of primitive people being fully satisfied by Corn, 
 Wine and Oil. David (Ps. civ. 14) speaks of them thus: "Wine that maketh 
 glad the heart of man and oil to make his face shine, bread which strength- 
 eneth man's heart." An ear of corn may stand for Shibboleth, as this word 
 in the Hebrew denotes an ear of corn as well as a water ford. It was in the 
 latter sense that the Gileadites under Jephtliah made u.se of it as a test word 
 at the passages of the river Jordan after a victory over the Ephraimites. 
 The compasses symbolically teach a Mason to circumscribe his desires and 
 keep his passions subdued. .Sjme writers claim the compasses have an as- 
 tronornical origin, finding in the compasses a symbol of the sun, the circu- 
 lar pivot representing the body of the luminary and the diverging legs his 
 rays. 
 
 The square teaches a Mason to square his actions by the square of virtue, 
 i. e., live uprightly before God and man. The square has long been used as a 
 Masonic .symbol. Operative Ma.sons made use of it at an early date. In 1830 
 an architect in rebuilding an ancient structure called the Baal bridge near 
 Limerick, Ireland, found under the foundation stone an old brass .square 
 ( deeply. patinated) inscribed with the following inscription: "i will striub 
 
 TO LIUE WITH LOrE & CARE— UPON T-H-E LEUL"— BY THE SQUARE 1517." 
 
 The letter "G" that is enclo.sed by the square and compasses has special 
 meaning for the fraternity. In an old work published in 1768 under the Mtle 
 of "Tubal Cain," are found these lines: 
 
In tlie midst of Sulonion's temple 
 
 There stands a letter G; 
 
 A letter, fur all to read and see, 
 But few, there be, that understand 
 
 What means the letter (i. 
 
 My friend, if you pretend, to be 
 
 Of this fraternity, 
 Yiiu can forthwith, and rigVitly tell. 
 
 What means the letter G. . 
 
 By letters four and sciences five 
 
 This G. aright doth stand, 
 In a due art and prtiportion 
 
 You luive your answer, Friend. 
 
 iS(i. 3. Olj. Keystone in the ceiitei having the usual mark. A leiif-like 
 ornament in eacli corner. Inscription '■anchoi: ciiapteii no.. 69, k. a. m. — 
 HAMPTON IOWA.'' Above the Iceystonc •■ciiAiiTKiJiSD," bclow "ocT. 21, a. d. 
 1874, A. I. 2404. 
 
 Rev. A wreath enclosing "onk pknnv.'' 20 
 
 See No. 41, for another example of this type. 
 
 No. 4. Ob. Inscription "Arizona ciiaptek no. 1. u. a. m — piioknix aui- 
 zoNA." The Held is enclosed by a circle. In the center a large cactus plant, 
 above it are rays with mountain ranges in the back-ground. A small key- 
 stone is placed beneath tlie cactus plant in the midst of a prairie that ex- 
 tends to the base of the mountains. On either side of thekeyslone are sprigs 
 of Acacia. Tliis keystone does nut bear the usual "mark" but is inscribed 
 with the 2'iiiilc Tuu. Immediately above the socket or lineseparating the ex- 
 ergue is the legend "chartered aug. 27, 1880." 
 
 Eev. yame as Nos. 23 and 54 C 20 
 
 The cactus plant has no Masonic significance. The ncacia is an interest- 
 ing and important symb'olin Freemasonry. Bitanically this is tlje acacin 
 vera. In scripture it is always called shittah, or in the plural shiH-tim wood, 
 of it Moses was ordered -to make the tabernacle, the art of the covenant, the 
 table for the shewbread, and the rest of the Sdcred furniture. The acacia in 
 the mystic system of Freemasonry is pre-eminently the symbol of X,heImortal- 
 ity of the Soid. By the evanescent nature of the flowers which "cometh forth 
 and are cut down." Masons are reminded of the transitory nature of life and 
 by the perpetual renovf tion of this evergreen plant which uninterruptedly 
 presents the appearance of youth and vigor thereby teaching that man has 
 an hiimortal part within which shall survive the grave. It was an ar'cient 
 custom for mourners to carry an evergreen sprig in their hands and deposit 
 it in the grave of the deceased, and often an evergreen tree wa.s planted near 
 or over the grave. We of today have only to look at a well kept cemetery lo 
 note a reminder of this ancient custom. The acacia also denotes Innocence. 
 In the Greek the word dicdKio denotes both the plant and innocence in the 
 sense of "free from sin." Tlie third me*niiig of acacia is Initiation, hence 
 
 10 
 
Masons are taug-lit that) in the iniiiatinri of life /onoccncf, must for a time 
 lie in the grave, at lensfth, however, to be called forth by the vi'ord of the 
 Grand Master of the Universe, to a blissful immortality. 
 
 Dr. Oliver states, "When a Master Mason exclaims. My name is Acacial 
 it is equivalent to saying, 1 have been in the grave, I have triumphed over it 
 by raising from the dead, and being regenerated in the process, I have a 
 claim to life everlasting." 
 
 The Triple Tau has special signilicance in the Boyal AirJi. Deyree. In oldeu 
 time it denoted a "setting apart" or putting a mark upon those to be saved. 
 In Ezekiel ix-4 we read "(ro through the midst of t!ie city and set a mark (in 
 tlie Septuagint tuu, Greek letter T) upon the foreheads of men that sigh and 
 and cry, for all llie abominations that be done, in the midst thereof," Which 
 mark was to distinguish them as persons to be saved, on account of their sor- 
 row for sin, from those who as idolaters were to be slain. 
 
 The Triple Tau is often worked on the Master's apron. See No. 2S. .Johns- 
 town Chapter Penny, for an illustration of this. It has also been called the 
 grand emblem of Roi/'d Ardi Masonri/ and was adopted as the lioyal Arch 
 badge by the General Grand Chapter of the United States in 1859. 
 
 Ko. 5. Ob. Type of ISfo 1. Inscription, "bay city chapter no. 136 e. a. 
 
 M.— BAY CITY MICH CHARTERED JAN 20TH 1897 ONE [ PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 6. Ob. Keystone bearing the usual mark and having scroll ornaments 
 in the corners. Inscription, "binghamton chapter no. 139 k. a. ji. 1852." 
 
 Eev. A wreath enclosing "one | penny." Inscription, "united states 
 OF AMERICA." In exergue, "1-100. " This reverse has no Masonic signifi- 
 cance. C 18 
 
 No. 7. Ob. Type of No. 1. Inscription, "blanchard chapter no. 59 
 
 K. A. M.— BAY city 3IICH CHARTERED JANUARY 8tH 1868 ONE PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. I. 20 
 
 No. 8. Ob. Similar to type No. 1, save that the fleld does not contain the 
 
 legend "One Penny," but has an equilateral triangle or Greek delta enclosing 
 
 the Ark iif the Covenant with the Cherubim over-topping the Mercy Seat, 
 
 ornamental dots filling the rest of the field. Inscription, "buffalo chapter 
 
 NO. 71 E. a. M. buffalo N. Y. CONSTITUTED FEBRUARY 7TH A. D. 1822 A. L. 
 
 5822 A.I. 2.3.52." 
 
 Rev. Keystone. Type of No. -t with corners ornamented, "one" above 
 and "penny" below keystone. C 19 
 
 The indenting cliisel is on the right and mallet on the left of the keystone. 
 See also Nos. 2.3, 27, 39 and 56 for types of this obverse. 
 
 A. L.—Aiino L«c/.s— "In the Year of Light." By adding 4000 to the vulgar 
 era we get "the year of light." This chapter was chartered in 1822; hence, 
 by adding 4000 to this we get 5822. 
 
 A. l.—Anno hioventionin^"In Xhe Year of Discovery. Royal Arch Masons 
 commenced their epoch with theyear in which Zerubbabel began to build the 
 spcond temple, which was 530" yeuj.s' before Christ; hence, by adding 530 to 
 the vulgar era, we find theEoyal Arcil date, e. g., 1822 plus 530 gives the dat& 
 mentioned on the penny. 
 
 11 
 
The equilateral triangle or Greek letter deZta A is a symbol of the Deity. 
 Among the Egyp'ians the darkness through which the candidate was requir- 
 ed to pass was symbolized by the trowel. An important IMasonic implement, 
 which in their system of hieroglyphics has the form of a delta or triangle 
 and was considered as the most perfect of llgures, representative of the great 
 principle of animated existance, each of the sides referring to oneof the three 
 departments of creation, the animal, the vegetable and the mineral. In the 
 JnefEable degrees the sacred delta is every where presenting itself as the sym- 
 bol of the Grand Architect of tlie Universe. 
 
 No. 9. Ob. Type of No. 1, inscription "capital city chaptbk no. 4i;2, 
 
 K. A. M. ALBANY, N. Y., CHARTERED FEBRUARY 12, 1870 ONE PENNY." 
 
 ■ Eev. Same as "Xo. 1. C 20 
 
 . No. 10. Ob. Type of No. 1. inscription "CATARACT city CHAPTER, No. 10 
 
 R. A. jr., PATERSON. N .J. INSTITl'TED DECEMBER 12, 1860, ONE PENNy. 
 
 Eev. Same as No. I. 
 
 No. 11. Ob- Type of No. 1. inscription "CATAsAutiT.A chapter, no. 278, 
 
 li. 'A. M., CATASAinjI'A. PA., CONSTITUTED APRIL 11, 1894, ONE PENNY, "j '".ITi 
 
 JRev. Same as No. 1. (120 
 
 No. 12. Ob. In the center crow shovel and pick axe crossed at their cen- 
 ters. Date "1821" above the exergue. Inscription ' 'central cityJchapter 
 
 No 70 B. A. M. SYRACUSE N. Y." 
 
 Rev. Keystone bearing the usual "mark" also ornamented corners. Leg- 
 end "one" above and "penny" below the keystone. Typs of No. 3. C 22 
 
 Tlie crow teaches a Mas'in symbolically to raise his thoughts above the cor- 
 rupting inliuences of worldly mindedness. The «/io?;ei to remove the rubbish 
 of passion and prejudics that he may be fitted, when he escapes from the cap- 
 tivity of sin, for the search and the reception of Elcnml truth and Wisdom. 
 T\\e, pickaxe to loosen from his heart the hold of evil habits. 
 
 No. 13. Ob. In the center two circles with the usual "mark," inscription 
 
 "CHICAGO chapter | NO. 127 R. A. JI. " | | 
 
 Rev. Blank. 
 
 This planchet is keystone in shape. The first two words of the inscription 
 are above the circle. The number of the chapter is below the circle. C 13x20 
 
No. U. Ob. Type of Nd 1, inscription "clydb chaftkr no. 90 u. a. ji. 
 
 CLYDE, OHIO. CHAETBRBD OCTOBEll 12, 1861, ONE PENNY. 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 1-5. Ob. Type of No. 1, inscription "cohoes ciiapteu no. le?, u. a. m, 
 
 €OaOES, N. Y, , CFIAIITKRED FEHUUARY 4, 1858, ONE PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as Xo 1. 
 
 No. 16. Ob. A circle enclosing' ii doub'e triangle wliicli in turn encloses 
 tlie Triple Tau, The letters "R. A. M." are in llie field inscription, "Col- 
 umbian CHAPTER NO. 132 MICJHIGAN." 
 
 Rev. Type of Nos. 3 and 12. C 22 
 
 No. 16. (a) Ob. A circle enclosing- one j penny. " Inscription, cortland 
 CHAPTER NO. 194." Iti exergue r. a. jr. 
 
 Rev. Keystone witli the usual mark and four depressions, one in eacli cor- 
 ner. C 18 
 
 Nil. 17. Ob. Inscription in four lines ''CorNciL grove | chapter i no. 
 
 60 I R. A. M." 
 
 Rev. Two circles enclosing 1 be usual mark. This planchet is also key- 
 •slotie in shape. C 13x20 
 
 Nc. IS. Ob. Inscription around the edge, '•excelsior chapter no. 164. 
 R. A. M. canandaigua, n. y. " A circle enclosing the rest of the inscription 
 arranged in five lines, '-i-harterbd [ one | penny | feuruaky 3rd | 18.i7." 
 This sliows a moditicalion of type No. 1. 
 
 See Nos. 2."), 31 and 41 for other examples of this type. 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 19. Ob. Type of No. 1. inscription "GLENS FALLS chapter no. o.j, 
 
 11. a. M. glens falls, N. Y., chartered FEBRUARY 6, 1856, ONE | PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. 
 
 No. 20. Ob. Inscription "GREEN CHAPTER no. 106, r.'. a.'.m.-, one | pen- 
 ny." . „,. ., 
 
 Rev. Keystone witli'uSualniark.' At the left of the keystone is the leg- 
 end "GREEN. N. Y." C 20 
 
 All countersunk and black-waxed. Tijis type of penny is used by many 
 chapters but they are not very atlractive from a numismatic stand point. 
 This specimen is inserted as an illustration of a large class. 
 
 No. 21. Ob. type of No. 1. Inscription, "geisivold chapter no. 201, r. a. 
 
 M , CLYDE, N. Y. CHARTERED FEBRUARY 7TH, 1867. ONE | PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. ' C 20 
 
 No. 22. Ob. A beided circle enclosing a triangle having ornamental sides 
 which enclosed the chapter number "U7." Inscription, "hammond chap- 
 ter E. A. M. HAM3I0ND, IND." 
 
 Rev. Keystone with usual marlc together with ornamental work in tbe 
 corners and above and below the circles. A crown on the right and left of 
 the Ifeystone. In exergue, "one penjjy." C 20 
 
 Tlie crowns, a part of Masonic regalia worn by the officers who represerjt a 
 king. In Ancient Craft Masonry the crown is usually dispensed with, the 
 hat being substituted. 
 
 No. 23. Ob. Inscription "harmony chapter no. 151 r. a. m. Norwich, 
 
N. Y ■' In the center lire two circles iner^tcled by ii triangle. Between tlie 
 circles is the legend "organized feb 8,185,)," Within the triangle is the 
 ark of the covenant with two cherubim overtopping the mercy seat. The 
 space between the inner circle and the triangle tilled in by ornamental dots. 
 
 Rev. type No. 8. 'I'he keystone is without ornaiiientatidn in the corners. 
 For illustration of this reverse see also Aii/.ona No. 4 and St. Rfatthews Nn. 
 o4. See also Nos. 8, 27, 3t) and o6 for types nf this obyerse. C 20 
 
 No. 24. Ob. type oF No. 12. In tUs cjnter, crow, sirjvel and pickaxe cross- 
 ed at their centers, with the date "1817" immediately above the sockel or line 
 separating the exergue. Inscription, "hiiiam union chapter no. 53 u. a. m. 
 
 CANAJOHARIE, N. Y. " 
 
 Rev. Same type as No. 12. C! 171 
 
 This chapter appears to take its nami frf)m our ancient Grand Master. Hi- 
 ram Abif. The first mention made of him is found in the tiist book of Kiny^ 
 7:13,14. "And King Solomon sent and fetched Hirarn £)nt.of 'J'yre. He was a 
 widow's son of the tribe of Naphtali and his father was a man of Tyre, a 
 worker in brass, and he was filled wiih wisdom and understanding and cun- 
 ning to work all works in brass. .\nd he came to KingSolomon and wrought 
 all his work " Tyre was one of the principal seats of the Dionysiac fraier- 
 nity of arliticers, a society engiged exclusive'y in the construction of edifices 
 and living under a secret organization which w.is -subsequently imitated by 
 the operative Freemasons. No doubt Hiram Abif was a member. According 
 to Masonic trHdiiion which in part is supported by scriptural authority, Hi- 
 ram wa-: charged with rill architectural decorations and interior embelli.sh- 
 ments of King Solomon's temple. The great pillars that adorned the porch 
 were cast of brass. To find suitable place for casting these pillars th 3 clay 
 ground which extended between SuccDth and Zaredatha was chosen by Hi- 
 ram ]\Iasonic tradition informs us that this Grand Master njer an untimely 
 end, being wantonly murdered; his b xly. however, was recovered, and by or- 
 der of King Solomon b'lrled in a lodg.3 near the temple. An old boiik has the 
 following ode: 
 
 "To him that all thing'* understood. 
 To him that found l he stone and wood, 
 To him that hapless lost his blood 
 In doing of his duty." 
 No. 25 Type of No. 21. Inscription. "Hudson river chapter no 262 r. 
 A Ji. WEST TROY N. Y". ' ' In Central circle, "cuabtbred | one | penny — Feb- 
 ruary 7th I 1872." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. See also Nos. 21, 31 and 41 for types of this obverse. 
 
 (JlO 
 No. 26. Ob. Type of No. 1. Inscription, "ivy chapter no 238 k. a. m. 
 
 NEW YORK CITY CHARTERED FEBRUARY 2ND 1870 ONE | PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 27. Ob. Type of No. 8. Inscription, "jackson chapter no. 3 r. a. 
 
 M. MICHIGAN." 
 
 Eev. Same type as No. 12. ■■ C 21 
 
 See Nos. 8, 23, 39 and r.6 for types of this obverse. 
 
 15 
 
Ko. 28. Ob. A circle enclosing a Master Mason's apron with the flap in- 
 scribed "1823." The skirt bears the I'riplf? Tau, a crow beneath, a shovel on 
 the ri^ht and a pickaxe on the left of the apron. Inscription, "johnstown 
 
 CHAPTER NO 78 R. A. 31. .TOHNSTOWN X. Y." 
 
 Rev. Same type as No. 12. C 22 
 
 Note. — The date ''1822" in the cut is an error; trhe last liyure should be "3." 
 No. 28a. Ob. Undraped bust to right, hair bound by a fillet. Inscription, 
 
 "KING HIUA3I ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER— ATTLEBORO MASS." 
 
 Rev. Keystone in center bearing the usual mark. In.scription, ■■char- 
 tered 3IAR 7 1876— one penny." C 21 
 
 This chapter is named in honor of HirHm, King of Tyre. He was a .son of 
 Abibal and supplied the Israelitisli king David with (2 Sam. V 11 ) "Cedar 
 trees and carpenters and masons and tliey built David a house." When 
 Solomon began to prepare for building the temple he .sent for assistance from 
 the old friend of his father, who replied in the following words (see First 
 Kings VS-t)): "I will do thy desire concerning timber of cedar and timber 
 (if fir. >ly servants shall bring tliem down from Lebanon unto the sea and I 
 will convey them by sea in fl()ats unto tbe place that thou shall appoint me 
 ;ind will cause them to be discharged there and thou .'liall receive them and 
 thou shall accomplish my desire in giving food for my household." Solomon 
 gave King Hiram 20.000 measures of wheat and 1,500,000 gallons of oil and af- 
 ter the temple was finished presented him with twenty towns in Galilee, but 
 when King Hiram inspected these places he was dissatisfied and called them 
 •■The Land of Cabal," which means b;irren, desolate, and reproachfully re- 
 marked to Solomon, "Are the'^e, my brother, the lands which you have given 
 me'?" On this incident the Scottish Rite Masons have founded the Sixth 
 degree. Anderson snys "The tradition is thit King Hiram had been Grand 
 Master of All Masons." 
 
 No. 29. Ob. Type of No. 1, inscription lafaybtte chapter no. 3 r. a. m. 
 
 LAFAYETTE, IND., CHAltTEKED SEPTEMBER 13, 1844, ONE | PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 30. Ob. A circle enclosing a badly battered silk hat, inscription 
 
 "LAWN KOYAI- ARCH CHAPTER, NO. £05, CHICAGO, ILL." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 i6 
 
Members of I lie fraternity will duly ;ippreciaie the signiticance of the silk 
 liat and recall the Past Master's degree with a smile for "We have all been 
 there." 
 
 Ko. 31. Ob. Type of No. 21, inscription "MAiiioN CHAPTER NO. .i.'i. ii. a. 
 M., MAinoN, IND. In the central circle ■•chauticubd | one | penny Imay 
 24th, 1861) " 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 See Nos. 21 and 25 for type of this obverse 
 
 No. .'J2. Ob. Type of No. 1, Inscripi Ion "manlivs chaptbii no. 72, it. a. .m. 
 
 JIANLIUS, N. Y., CHARTERED jrAllClI •"). 1822. ONE | PENNY," 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. U 20 
 
 Also struck in aluminum. 
 
 No. :i:!. Oh. Keystone with the usual mark. Indentinir chisel on the 
 rig'ht and mallet on the left. Inscription "maryville, mo., charterd siay* 
 4, 1882. 
 
 Rev. Circle inclosing "ONE I penny." C 20 
 
 No ,34. Ob. Type of No. 1, inscription, "mishawaka, chapter, no. 83, 
 
 R. A. JI., MISIIAWAKA, IND , CHARTERED OCTOHER, It), 1871. ''ONE | PENNY"." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. U 20 
 
 No 3."). Ob. 'lype of No. 1. inscriiit ion ■■MfiNTGOJiERY CHAPTER, no. 257, 
 
 R. A. :M., STILLWATER, N. Y. , CHARTERED FEBRUARY 8, 1871. ''ONE j PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 35. Ob. Type of \o. 1, iiiscript inn same as above except ihis has, 
 
 ".MKCIIANICNILLE. N. Y." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. 20 
 
 No. 37. Ob. A wreath enclosing ''onj"; [ penny," inscription "jit.veknon 
 
 A NO. 228, R. A. M., MT. VERNON, N. Y. 
 
 Rev. Keystone with usual mark. One scroll above and another below ilie 
 keystone. On the right, crow, shovel and pickaxe crossed at their centers. 
 On the left of keystone the Triple Tau. C 18 
 
 The scrolls are for the purpose of allowing members to have their names 
 engraved thereon. 
 
 No. 38. Ob. Type of No. 1, inscription "MOUNT MORiAH, R. a., chapter 
 
 NO. 6, BANGOR, ME , CHARTERED JANUAltY 18, 1827. "ONE | PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. 20 
 
 This chapter takes its name from an eminence situated in the southeastern 
 part of Jerusalem. In the time of David it was called "The threshing floor 
 of Oman the .lebusite. Mount Moriah was always venerated by the Jews for 
 the reason that Abraham was directed to offer up his son, and Solomon 
 erected his magnificent temple upon the mountain. Masons have al.so consid- 
 ered the site of the temple as especially sacred and have given to Mount Mo- 
 riah the appellation of the ground floor of the lodge and assigned it as the 
 place where what are called "The three grand offerings were made." 
 
 No. .39. Ob. Type of No. 8. Ark of the Covenantiv.yiith two cherubim over- 
 topping the Mercy-seat wii iiin a triangle. Inscription, "Niagara chapter 
 
 NO 200 R. a. M. NIAGARA FALLS N Y ORGANIZED FEB 7 A- D- 1867 A, L. 5S(i7 A. 
 
 I. 2397." 
 
 IS 
 
Eev. ccairieii'sN'o: 12. " Bronze 22 
 
 See No. 8 for explanation of tliese dates. 
 
 See Nos. 8, 23, 27 and 56 for types of this obverse. 
 
 No. 40. Ob. Type of No. 1. Inscription, northern constellation 
 
 CHAPTER NO 28 R. A. M. MALONE N. Y. CHARTERED FEBRUARY 7TH 1810 ONE 
 I PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. ' C 20 
 
 No. 41. Ob. Keysione vvitli usual uiHrlc in the center, but the letters tire 
 on a raised circle. There are four raised leaf-iilce ornaments, oneineacli 
 corner. Inscription, "'normal park chapter no. 210 r. a. m Chicago ill " 
 Aboye the keystone, '■chartered," and "oct 26 a. d. 1894 a. i. 2424" below. 
 
 Rev. A wreath encircling "one PENNY. " Type of No. 3. C 20 
 
 See No. 8 for explattation of these dates. 
 
 No. 42. Ob. Type of No. 21. Inscription, "orient chapter no 12 r. a. 
 ji. RACINE wis." Witliin the circle, "chartered | one | penny 1 February 
 7th 18o.'i." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 Orient — The East. The place where the lodge is situated is called the 
 Orijnt, or the East, and lias always been considered peculiarly sacred in all 
 the Ancient Mysteries. The camp of Judali was placed by Moses in the 
 East as a mark of destination. Also the tabernacle in the wilderness was 
 placed due East and West, and the practice was continued in the erection of 
 Christ ian churches. Masonic Lodges, like their great prototype, the Temple 
 o4' Jerusalem, are built due East and West. Bazot states: ''The veneration 
 which Masons have for the East confirms' the theory that it is from the East 
 that the Masonic cult proceeded and that this bears a relation to the prim- 
 itive religion whose tirst degeneration was sun worship." 
 
 No. 43. Ob. Type of No. 1. InscriptiO'n-.;"ORiBNTAL ii. A. chapter no. 
 
 30 BRIDGTON MB. CHARTERED MAY 6TH 1868 OXE PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 44. Ob. Type of No. 1. In.scription, "owatonna chapter no. 1.5 r. 
 
 A. M. OWATONNA MINN. CHARTERED OCT. 22nd 1867 ONE | PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 4.J. Ob 'A circle enclosing "one | penny." Inscription, "owens 
 
 CHAPTER NO. 96 R. A. M." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 46. Ob. Type of No. I. Inscription, "peoria chapter no. 7 r. A. m. 
 
 PEORIA ILLS. CHARTERED SEPT. 17 1847 ONE |, PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 47. Ob. A keystone with the usual mark. The date "1815" at the 
 
 base, on the right, a gavel and the indenting chisel on the left of the keystone. 
 
 Inscription is on a rai.sed rim. "plattshurg chapter no. 39 r. a. m., 
 
 PLATTSBURG, N. Y." 
 
 Rev. Inscription also on a raised rim. "they received every man-a 
 PENNY." In the center a raised circle enclosing a triangle, which in turn 
 encloses a Triple Tau. In each of the three compartments between the tri- 
 
angle and circle is the letter "M," which when tilled out would read thus: 
 M(arfc) M(as(er) M(aso»i). 
 
 Companions of Plattsburg Chapter have a penny of signal taste and beauty, 
 every character delineated being pregnant with Masonic significance, fur- 
 nishes an example, which if followed by other chapters would soon produce a 
 series of numismatic gems that Masons would take great interest in collect- 
 ing. Many chapters use old copper coins, planchets of copper, old American 
 cents, battered and worn discs of brass, etc. Anything seems to be sufficieni ; 
 the reason for this, however is from the circumstance that iiooneof that par- 
 ticular chapter has a knowledge of numismatics or their attention has never 
 been called to the subject, for the- writer has always found- chnpters- willing 
 and anxious'to^get finely- St ruclf pennies as soon as they were shownot her 
 specimens. Many do not know where to obt;iin the die work or the expense, 
 etc., of getting pennies after the dies are engraved. 
 
 No. 48. Ob. type of No. 1. Inscription. "porti,and chapter no. 3 r. a. 
 
 M PORTLAND OREGON CHARTERED JIAY 15TH 1859 ONE | PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 49. Ob. Insc'iption, "pythagokas chapter no. 17 r. a. m. | (orna- 
 ment) I HARTFORD I -^- I CONN | (Ornament) | " Star in exergue. 
 
 Rev. Keystone witli the usual mark. On the riglit a gavel, on the left, 
 indenting chisel. Inscription, ''iNSTiTtiTED October 2nd 1817:^one penny :^" 
 in exergue. B 19 
 
 This cliapter takes its name from Pythagoras, a celebrated Grecian philoso- 
 pher wh'i estahlislied schools at Crotona and other cities that have been con- 
 sidered by many writers as the models after which Masonic lodiies were con- 
 structed. In an old manuscript, th« original said to be in the handwriting 
 of King Henry VI, and cotJied'by John Lelarid, by the order of King Henry 
 VIII, the following pHrngraph occurs: 
 
 "How coiuede ytt (Freemasonry) yn Engelande? Peter Grower, a Grecian, 
 journeyeded for kunuynge yn Egypte and in Syria and yn everyche londe 
 whereat the Venetians hadde plauntedde Maconrye.and wynnynge entraunce 
 yn al Lodges of Maconiies, he lerned muclie and retourneride and worked yn 
 Grecia Magna wachsynge and becommynge a myghiye wysacre andgr:itelyche 
 renowned and here lie framed a grate Lodge a Groton and mjked manye Ma- 
 connes, some whereoffe dyd jimrneye yn France and manye Maconnes where- 
 from trie, yn process of ty me, the arte passed yn Engelande." (The quaint 
 spelling is given as in tlie original ) 
 
 The great metaphysician, John Lucke, confesses that lie was puzzled at the 
 strange names of Peter Grower, Groton, and the Venetians, but a little 
 thinking taught him that they were only corruptions of Pythagoras, Crotona 
 and the Phoenicians. Old Masons called Pytiiagoras their "ancient friend 
 and brother," and dedicated to him-one of their^geometrical symbols, the for- 
 ty-seventh problem of Euclid. 
 
 No. 50. Ob. Type of No. 1, inscription "reading chapter, r. a. m., 
 
 READING, mass— chartered NOVEMUBR 20TH,1872 — ONE I PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 Numbers are omitted from Masonic bodies in the state of Massachusetts. 
 
No. 51. Ob. Type of No. ], inscription "riverside chapter no. 260, ii. a. 
 
 M., BALDWINSVILLE. N. Y.— CHARTERED FBB'Y. 7TH, 1872— ONE PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 No. 52. Ob. Type of No. 1. in.scription, "SAINT ELMO CHAPTER r. a. m., 
 
 WHITINSVILLE, MASS., CHARTERED JUNE 7TH, 1892. ONE | PENNY." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C 20 
 
 Note the omission of the number as tliis is another example of a Massachu- 
 setts chapter penny. 
 No. 53. Ob. St. Georffe on horseback, spearing the dragon, inscription, 
 
 "St. GEORGE CHAPTER NO. 157, R. A. M., SCHENECTADY, N Y." 
 
 Rev. Keystone With usual mafk. Above the.lreystorre' is a scrolL^where 
 the member may have his" name engraved. Oh the^ri^ht a gsArnft crossed 
 above an indenting chisel. On the left, crow, shovel and pickaxe crossed at 
 their centers. In exergue "one penny."' C 20 
 
 St. George here is only emblematical of tlie name of the chapter, no Mason- 
 ic significance being attached, never-the-less this is an exceedingly attrac- 
 tive chapter penny. 
 
 No. 54. Ob. A plain circle, inscription, "st. mathew's royai, auch 
 
 CHAPTER " 
 
 Rev. Keystone with the usual mark in the center. Tlie legend divided, 
 "one" above and "penny" below; a gavel on the right, indenting chisel on 
 the left. C 20 
 
 This reverse is the same as No-i. i and 23. 
 
 No. 55. Ob. Type of No. 1, inscription "SHEHAWKEN chapter, no. 258, 
 
 R. A. M., HANCOCK, N. Y., CHARTERED FEBRUARY 8TH, 1871, "ONE | PBNXY." 
 
 Rev. Tile same as No. ]. C 20 
 
 No. 56. Ob. Type of No. 8, inscription "TONAWANDA CHAPTEP, no. 278, 
 
 R. A. M., TONAWANDA, N. Y., ORGANIZED APR 15, A. D. 1884, A. L. 5884 A. I. 
 
 2414." 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 12. See Nos 8, 23, 27 and 39 for this obverse. See No. 8 
 for explanation of the dates. Bronze 22 
 
 No. 57. Ob. In center "one | fenny | " around the edge inscription 
 
 "- TRIUNE - CHAPTER - 241 - R-A-M-" 
 
 Rev. Keystone with usual mark. Gavel above. 
 On 
 
 e right F 
 
 on the left OR 
 
 E 
 
 GA 
 
 B 
 
 NX 
 
 3 
 
 ZE 
 
 1 
 
 D 
 
 
 Arranged- in three perpendicular lines. In exergue an indenting cliisel. 
 The edges are irregular to give the penny an antique appearance. C 18 
 
 The letters in the inscription also are oddly made. 
 No. 58. Inscription, "winthrop chapter | >% \ one penny [ rk 1 1900 " 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. C20 
 
No, 59. Ob. A circle enclosing a triang-lo. Inscription, "york CHAPTEit 
 
 NO. 448 R. A. JI. CHICAGO ILLS." 
 
 Rev. A beaded cir^jle enclosing- llie keystone with usual mark. In exergue, 
 
 "ONE PENNY." C 18 
 
 This Chapter evidently is named in honor of tlie City of York in the North 
 of England. This city appears to have been the birth place of English Ma- 
 sonry. The '-York Rite" is the oldest of all rites, being established in the 
 year 92(). The following lines from an old manuscript aid in fixing the date: 
 "Thys Craft com ynto Englond as y you say 
 Yn tyme of good Kynge Adelstonus' day." 
 
 Edward died 924 and was succeeded by Athelstan, liis son, 'who appointed 
 his brother Edwin patron of the Masons, being granted a chiirier by the king, 
 empowering Masons to meet annually in corumunication at York. The first 
 Grand Lodge of England was instituted at Y^ork in the year 926 A. D. 
 
 No. 60. Ob. Sun face in rays. Acros.s the center the legend, "oxk 
 PENNY." Below this is a pHir of scales in equipoise. 
 
 Rev. Keystone with usual mark witli depressed corners. The scales de- 
 note justice. C 19 
 
 Information is wiinting concerning the ifasonic significance of the sun 
 face. 
 
 >'". 61. Ob. Keystone with usual mark. 
 
 Rev. Legend, "one PENNY." C Ki 
 
 The above two specimens do not show the place (jf issue und are not very 
 attractive, either from a Masonic or numismatic view, but are examples <if 
 what are used by many chapters. The above two speciruens and that of 
 Green Chapter No. 19 must be nearly as expensive as well struck pennies, 
 but the custom of having well engraved dies must be of recent date, for the 
 auction sale catalogues of tlie past 25 years do not show that many have been 
 offered for sale, even in the celebrated collection of Masonic medals formed by 
 W. T. R. Miirvin only contained one specimen as evidenced by the sale cata- 
 logue and this one did not bear any inscription and tjje reverse was describ- 
 ed as "plain." 
 
 No. 62. Obv 
 
 right, crow, shovel and ])ickaxe crossed at their center. On tlie left the Fyl- 
 fot; beneath the triangle are the words "established | 1820 | " Between the 
 date and the sockei is a scroll inscribed "no. 2, g. ii. c." (Grand Register of 
 Canada.) Inscription, "the hikaji chapteh, hajiilton, Canada." 
 
Kev. In center keystone bearing- tlie usual ni;i-k "one" above and "PKy- 
 ny" below." Insoription, "they received every man a peistn^." 
 
 See No. 24 and 2i i for expl ination of "Hiram," and No. 12 for Ube signifi- 
 cance oftlie crow, shovel and pickaxe and No. 4 for the Triple Tau. 
 
 The full significance of the Fylfot or Gra.v Ansata can only be lightly 
 touched upoii here, as books can be written concerning this "Oldest human 
 symbol known to scierice." In the Sanskrit it is called '■'Sa^aatika,''' in the 
 Greek, "Gammadion,'^ in the Chinese, "irtoi." 
 
 In tracing the advancement of the human family from the rude and bar- 
 barous conditions with which they were surrounded in the dim and misty 
 pre-historic epcjchs, we find they made use of visible signs or symbols as a 
 method of instruction. Tlie wisdom of the Chaldeans, Phcenicians, Jems, 
 Egyptians, etc., was largely handed down to us with, or by the aid of, sym- 
 bols. This was also considered the best manner to instruct and was practiced 
 by Sanchomathon, Syras. Socrates, Pherecycdes, Zoroaster and Confucius. 
 One visible sign that is co-eval with man is the Fylfot or Jaina Cross, found 
 wherever man has gone, from the crude weapons of the cave-dwellers of the 
 stone age to our own times. It has been placed upon nearly every enduring 
 monument of the globe, of all ages and in both hemispheres. Dr. Schlieman 
 discovered it stamped on the abdomen of a leaden statuette of Artemis Nana 
 during his excavation on the site of Ancient Troy; found ens/raven on the 
 breast of Buddha; on sword scabbards recovered from the Yiaiosebogin 
 Sweden; on the Ogham stones of Ireland; on bronze Ingots brought from 
 Ashanti, Africa. The Sac squaws of our western plains wore it on their 
 jewelry, as did also the Indians of Nicaragua and Yucatan. The Ancient 
 Operative Masons early adopted the symbol as their mark, and wherever 
 buildings or monuments have been erected by this fraternity we can look for 
 the Fylfot. On the stones of the ruins of Al-Hadhv, in Mesopotamia, not 
 only the stones of the chief building, but even the walls and bastions and 
 other public monuments are marked with this symbol. It can be found on 
 the stones that compose the walls of the fortress at Allahabad in India; on 
 bricks and stones of the abbeys throughout Europe; also on the celebrated 
 Canterbury Cathedral in England. It was often engraved on rude discs or 
 planchets of copper and carried in the pocket of traveling Masons (I have 
 one of the discs in my collection of ancient make); marked on rocks and trees 
 to guide members of the fraternity on their journey ings from place to place; 
 has been used as a 7'e.s.«ei-« Hospitalism, as a sign of good luck, of welcome, of 
 recognition and as a means of obtaining work and in detecting an imposter; 
 was guarded, cherished and handed down from father to son through suc- 
 ceeding generations as a sacred heirloom, and now forms one of the symbols 
 of the degree of Prince of Mercy, Scottish Bite system. 
 
 Tne writer would sincerely thank any collector for description or notice 
 of any specimen not mentioned in this list. 
 
 Hoping that this imperfect attempt at describing this inten.sely interest- 
 ing series will stimuliite other collectors, thus widening the field until there 
 may be formed collections-worthy of the attention of our most advanced nu- 
 mismatists. B. P. Wright, M. D., Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
nASONIC 
 
 CHAPTER 
 
 PENNIES 
 
 SnCOND LIST. 
 
 ! U 
 
 i ? 
 
 ,.-i-: 
 
 "Upis Reieetu* C>pu( Anguli." Nark XII:10 
 
 "To him <hftt ovcrcomclh will I iWe to cat of <hc 
 Kiddcn manna, and will giv« him a wkitt slona, 
 and in the atone a new name written, which no man 
 knoweth aaving he that rccciveth it. Revelation 11:17 
 
 PRICE TWENTY-riVE CENTS. 
 
 m 
 
 By DR. B. P. WRIGHT 
 BINGHANTON CHAPTER 
 
 NO. 139 R. 
 
 M. 
 
 
MASONIC 
 C - A ^" zlR 
 ^EVMiES 
 
 
 
 
 
 SECOND LIST. 
 
 
 
 
 
 'Lapis Rejectus C&put Anguli." Mark XII:IO 
 
 "To him that overcomelh will I j{ive t eat of the 
 hidden manAa, and will give him a white stone, 
 and in the stone a new name written, which no man 
 knoweth saving he that receiveth it. Revelation 11:17 
 
 PRICE TWENTY-FIVE CENTS. 
 
 By DR. B. P. WRIGHT 
 BINGHAM TON CHAPTER 
 
 NO. 139 R 
 
 M. 
 
 f 
 
 ^7 
 
SECOND LIST 
 
 THE MARK PENNY 
 
 B. P. Wright, M. D. 
 
 President of the American Numismatic Association. 
 
 When the first list of these beautiful specimeus was published in The 
 Numismatist for July 1901, there was no caJlection worthy the name .known. 
 This condition will now cease to obtain for collectors are now entering the 
 field, masonic bodies are showing an awakening interest both in forming col- 
 lections and designing new specimens for use in the Chapters, die-sinkers are 
 busy and manufacturers are issuing scores to-day where not one was issued 
 a few years since. With the opening of the century, what was a curiosity is 
 now considered a necessity. Many active and advanced students of numis- 
 matics did not know even of the existence of this splendid series. A collec- 
 tion once seen is remembered and desire awakened — being easy to obtain, in- 
 expensive and beautiful, they appeal strongly to the lover of art. For the 
 purpose of aiding those just beginning the series, the following list is pre- 
 sented which consists of specimens found in the cabinets of William Poilion 
 of New York, E. G. Clark of Washington Depot, Conn., David R. Gibson 
 of Hamilton, Ontario, and the writer. It is not presumed to be perfect or 
 complete as new specimens are coming: to notice daily; but it is hoped that the 
 list will serve as a guide for the present and to further this object, this list con- 
 tinues the former in numeration as a regular sequence in alphabetical order. 
 While the grouping by states is of service in cabinets, it is not so serviceable 
 for quick reference. In order to avoid confusion it will often be found neces- 
 sary to note carefully the Chapter Number, as a Chapter in one state often 
 bears the same name as one of another state, e. g. Mt. Vernon Chapter No. 
 228, (old list No. 37) is in New York, while Mt. Vernon Chapter No. 35 is in 
 Connecticut, and Mt. Vernon Chapter No. 8 is located at Jersey City; 
 N. J. "Calumet" is also a name common to Chapters, No. 203 of 
 Illinois, and No. 73 ol Wisconsin, etc. 
 
 25 
 
The usual metal in which these pennies are struck is copper which is 
 sometimes bronzed. Following is a list of varieties and metals: 
 
 Arizona Chapter No. 1, has two reverse dies ( Nos. 1-4. ) 
 
 Cataract City Chapter No. 10, has two obverse dies. 
 
 Owens Chapter No. 96, has two obverse dies. 
 
 York Chapter No. 146, has two dies, (both obverse and reverse. ) 
 
 SILVER. 
 
 Amity, No. 31. 
 
 Greenville. No. 79. 
 
 Hooker, No. Y3. 
 
 King Cyrus, No. 133. 
 
 Providence, No. 1. 
 
 Rochester, No. 157. 
 
 Wyandotte, No. 135. 
 
 Toledo, No. 161. 
 SILVER AND COPPER. 
 
 Chicago, No. 127. 
 
 ( Two dies, one key- 
 stone shape, the other 
 struck in silver similar 
 to Rochester in design. ) 
 
 Cleveland, No. 148 
 
 COPPER AND ALUMINUM. 
 
 Binghamton, No. 139. 
 
 Catasaqua, No. 273. 
 
 Glens Falls, No. 55. 
 
 Manlius, No. 72. 
 
 Mount Moriah, No. 6. 
 
 St. Elmo. 
 
 Winthrop. 
 
 Solomon No. 3. 
 COPPER AND BRASS. 
 
 Sinai, No. 185. 
 
 St. George, No. 157. 
 
 Stockton No. 28. 
 
 California No. 5. 
 
 COPPER AND NICKEL. 
 Shehawken, No. 258. 
 St. Matthews. 
 Pythagoras,, No. 17, Struck in Brass and Nickel. 
 Auburn Park, No. 201. " " " " Aluminum. 
 King Hiram, " " " " " and Copper. 
 
 The Hiram Chapter, No. 2, Struck in Type Metal and Copper. Has two 
 reverse dies. 
 
 Dorchester, Struck in Nickel. 
 Englewood, Mo. 176. Struck in Aluminum. 
 Solomon, No. 3. " " " 
 
 Mount Zion, No. 16. Struck in Brass. 
 Franklin, No. 3. " " " 
 
 26 
 
No. 63. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend, Adirondack Dhaptbr No. 234. 
 R. A. M. Rouses Point, N. Y.; Chartered February 3rd, 1869, One 
 Penny. 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. Copper, sizej20. 
 
 No. 64. Obv. Keystone in the centre with the usual mark. Legend: 
 AMITY Chapter No. 31, R. A. M. One Penny. 
 
 Rev. Blank. Irregular edge. Silver, size 22, 
 
 This Chapter is located at Bayonne, New Jersey. In a letter received 
 from the seretary I am informed that this Chapter "turned in its charter on 
 the 9th day of Dec. last." 
 
 No. 65. Obv. Masonic arms in the Centre. Legend: Auburn Park 
 Chapter, No. 201, R. A. M. Auburn Park, III. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Mallet on the 
 right and indentinff chisel on the left. Immediately beneath the keystone is 
 the die-cutters signature, i. 6.. P. C. Kurtze, Chicago. Legend: Charter- 
 ed Oct. 30, A. D. 1891. In the exergue, One Penny. Brass, size 19. 
 
 This mark is also struck in aluminum. 
 
 The Arms of Masonry according to Dermott are blazoned as follows: 
 "Quarterly per squares, counterchanged vert. In the first quarter, azure a 
 lion rampant, or. In the second quarter, or. an ox passant sable. In the 
 third quarter, or. a man erect proper, robed crimson and ermine. In the 
 fourth quarter azure, an eagle displayed or. Crest the holy ark of the coven- 
 ant proper, supported by cherubim." Tho motto on a label beneath, "Holi- 
 ness to the Lord," It is usual to find the motto in Hebrew but when Roman 
 type is used the form is "Kodes la Adonai" Just above the motto is a 
 small triangle or delta. 
 
 No. 66., Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: Barrett Chapter No. 18, 
 R. A. M. Rock Island, III., Chartered Sept. 3rd 1853, One Penny. 
 
 Rev Same as No, 1. Copper, size 21. 
 
 27 
 
No. 67. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: 
 Benecia Chapter No. 7 R. A. M. 
 
 Rev. One | Penny. Copper, size 19. 
 
 Thi-i chapter is located in California. 
 
 No. 68. Obv. Legend: Brainard Chapter No. 42 R. A. M. In the 
 centre, Brainard, | Minn. 
 
 Rev. iieystone with the usual mark. Mallet on the right and indent- 
 ing chisel on the left. Legend: Chartered October 9th, 1883. One Penny. 
 
 Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. f 9. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Beneath 
 the keystone. CONSTITUTED 1892. Legend: Calumet Chapter No. 203, 
 R. A. M Blue Island, III. 
 
 Rev. A wreath enclosing One | Penny. ( See illustration No. 3 ) 
 
 Copper, size 18, 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 70. Obv. Bust of an Indian facing the left; beneath the bust two 
 calumets or pipes of peace crossed. Legend: CiALUMET Chapter No. 73, 
 R. A. M. Milwaukee. 
 
 Rev. Keystone bearing the usual mark. Legend, Chartered Feb. 
 17th, 1897, One Penny. Copper, size 21. 
 
 No. 71. Obv. Keystone with the usual mark. Legend: California, 
 Chapter No. 5, R. a. M. 
 
 Rev. One | Penny. , Copper, size 18. 
 
 No. 72. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: 
 Chicago Royal Arch Chapter No. 127, Chicago, III. 
 
 Rev. The same as Roche ter. Silver, size 15. 
 
 28 
 
An imitation of the Jewish shekel. In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. For 
 copper specimens of this Chapter see No. 13 of the first list. 
 
 No. 73. Obv. Type of No. 21. Legend: Cicero Chapter No. 180, 
 R. A. M. Austin, III. Inscription within the circle. Chartered | One 
 Penny | October 30th | 1879. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 22. 
 
 No. 74. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend. "Circleville Chapter No. 
 20, R. A. M. Circleville, Ohio | Chartered J nuary 5th, 1831. | One 
 Penhy. 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 75. Obv. Type of No. 8. Legend: Cleveland Chapter No. 
 148, R. A. M. Ohio. 
 
 The date, 188i, is in the second circle and immediately above the word 
 Ohio. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 12. Copper; size 22. 
 
 No. 76. Obv. Bust of Columbia facing the left. Legend: Columbia 
 Chapter No. 202, R. A. M. Ravenswood, 111. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: Char- 
 tered Oct. , 28th, 1892, One Penny. Copper, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 77. Obv. "Columbian Chapter No. 60 R. A. M. | Minneapolis, 
 I Minn." 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre with usual mark. Mallet on the right and 
 indenting chisel on the left, above Chartered October 10th, 1893," below 
 One Penny. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 78. Obv. A circle enclosing a Corinthian column. Legend: Corin- 
 thian Chapter No. 69, R. A. M., Chicago, 111. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre with the usual mark, but the central inner 
 circle which is usually left blank bears the indenting chisel and mallet cross- 
 ed. There are two crowns, one on the right and one on the left of the key- 
 stone. Legend; Constituted Oct. 7th, 1861.— One Penny. 
 
 Copper, size 19. 
 
 No. 79. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: Corinthian Chapter No. 
 159, R. A. M- New York .City. In the second circle: The Matinee 
 Chapter, 1856. In the centre: One | Penny: 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. Copper, size 20 
 
 No. 80. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: "Delta Chapter 118 R. A. 
 M. Escanaba, Mich., Instituted 1887. One Penny." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 81. Obv. A beaded circle enclosing an equilateral triangle in- 
 scribed with 191, doubtless the number of the Chapter. Legend: 1 Delta 
 Chapter, R. A. M.— Chicago, Ills. 
 
 29 
 
Rev. A keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. There are two 
 crowns, one on the right and one on the left of the keystone. Legend: Con- 
 stituted Oct. 31, 1884. In exergue: One Penny. Copper, size 19. 
 
 No. 82. Obv. Legend: Dorchester Royal, Arch Chapter 1893. 
 
 Rev. Keystone bearing the usual mark. This Chapter is located in 
 Massachusetts, hence the number is not indicated. Nickel, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 83. Obv. Type of No. 8. Legend: Dubuque Chapter No. 3. 
 R. A. M. Iowa, 1845 in the inner circle. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 12. Copper, size 22. 
 
 No. 84. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend; "Durand Chapter No. 139 
 R. A. M., Durand, Mich. Chartered March 10, 1900. One Penny. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinet of E. G. Clark. 
 
 No. 85. Obv. An equilateral triangle in the centre enclosing the Ark 
 of the Covenant, with Cherubim overtopping the Mercy Seat. (Type of No, 8. ) 
 Legend: Wiley-M.-Eagan Chapter No. 126 R. A. M.— Chicago in outer 
 circle, and Chartered Oct. 9th, — 1868 in inner circle. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 4. Copper, size 22. 
 
 >fo. 86. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: East Liverpool Chapter 
 No. 100, R. A. M. East Liverpool Ohio— Constituted October 12th,— 
 1867. In the centre. One Penny. 
 
 Rev. Keystone. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 31 
 
No. 87. Obv. A circle enclosing an equilateral triangle with the 
 dhapter Dumber, 176, in ttie centre. Legend: Englewood Chaptee R. A. 
 M.— Englewood, 111.. 
 
 Rey. A circle enclosing a keystone bearing the usual mark, but the 
 central space bears the identing chisel and mallet crossed. Leeend: Con- 
 stituted Oct. 1876. In exergue: One penny. Aluminum, size 20. 
 
 88. 134. 
 
 No. 88. Obv. Excelsior (curved) No. 216. An ornament In exergue. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing thi usual mark. Above, Mark, 
 below, Lodge. Copper, size 15. 
 
 Note. This is a very unusual design. 
 
 No. 89. Obv. An equilateral triangle enclosing a Triple Tau. Legend: 
 Eureka No. 22 R. A. M.— Waterbury, Conn. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: They 
 RECEIVED Every Man A Penny. Copper, size 22. 
 
 No. 90. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. An in- 
 denting chisel on the right and mallet on the left. Legend: Paibview Chap- 
 tee No. 161, R. A. M.— Chicago, III. 
 
 Rev. A circle enclosing a large bunch of grapes. Legend: Charter- 
 ed Oct. 29, 1874. In the exergue. One Penny. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 91. Obv. Type of No 1. Legend: Florida, R. A. Chapter No. 
 1. Tallahassee— Chartered February 1, A.I. 2377.— One Penny, 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 92. Obv. A solid triangle in Vae centre having the words New 
 Haven on the left and Connecticut on the right, R. A. M. at the base. 
 Legend: Franklin Chapter No. 2. 
 
 Rev. A keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: In- 
 stituted May 20th, 1795. In the exergue: One Penny. Brass, size 20. 
 
 32 
 
No. 93. Obv. A circle enclosing an acacia sprig with One on 
 the right and Penny on the left of the sprig. Legend: Geeenbush Chap- 
 ter No. 274, R. A. M. Rensselaer, N. Y. 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1 Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 94. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: 
 Greenville Chapter No. 79, R. A. M. Greenville, Mich. 
 
 An imitation of a .Jewish shekel. ( Vide Rochester. ) 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 9.5, Obv. Type of No. I. Greenville Chapteij No 77, R. A. M. 
 Greenville, Ohio, Chartered Oct, 17th, 1857. One Penny. 
 
 Rev. Same as No. 1. Coppc. size 20. 
 
 No. 96 Obv. In the centre cut of rocky head land extending out of 
 and above water. Above a small Delta surrounded by rays. Beneath the 
 water line "Inst. Feb., 1864." Legend. Highland Chapter No. 52, R. A. 
 M. Newburgh, N. J. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 12. A Bronze proof, siz- 22. 
 
 No. 97. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: 
 Hooker Chapter No. 73, R. A. M., Lowell, Mich. 
 
 An imitation of a Jewish shekel. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 98. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend; 
 Irving Park Chapter No. 195, R. A. M., Chicago, Ills 
 
 Rev. A wreath enclosing One | Penny. Copper, size 18. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 99. Obv. Type of No. 22. A circle enclosing an equilateral 
 triangle bearinfif the Chapter Number 27. Legend: Joliet Chapter R. A. 
 M., Joliet, Ills. 
 
 Rev. Type of 22. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. 
 Crown on either side. Legend: Chartered Oct. 2, 1856. One Penny. 
 
 Copper, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinets of Wm. Poillon and David R. Gibson. 
 
 No. 100. Obv. The word "Penny" in the centre also shovel, pick and 
 crow crossed at their centres behind this word. Legend: Joseph Andrews 
 Chapter No. 46, R. A. M. West Haven Conn., Constituted July 8th, 
 1897. 
 
 Rev. Type of No 1. The mallet and indenting chisel are wanting. 
 
 Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 101. Obv. Legend: Keystone Chapter No. 20, R. A. M. In the 
 centre: Duluth, | Minn. 
 
 Rev. A keystone having the usual mark. Mallet on the right and in- 
 denting chisel on left. Legend: Chartered Jan'y. 10, A D. 1872. In 
 exergue: One Penny. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 102. Obv. Bust to right. Legend: Kilbourn Chapter No. 1, R. 
 A. M., Milwaukee. 
 
 33 
 
Rev. An equilateral triangle enclosing a Triple Tau. On the outside 
 are six Hebrew letters. Legend: Chartered Sept. 11, 1844. One Penny. 
 
 Copper, size 20. 
 In the cabinet of E, G. Clark. 
 
 The meaning of these letters as given by Chas. W. Heckethorn on page 
 31, Vol. II. The Secret Societies of All Ages" is as follows: "This word 
 Jabulon = Jah t Bel t On. Rehrew, Assyrian and Egyptian names of the Sun is 
 the logos of Plato." 
 
 Note: In as much as Heokethorn's work is now considered 
 "standard authority" it may suffice to pass his mirabile dictu without com- 
 ment. 
 
 No. 103. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: King 
 Cyrus Chapter No. 133 R. A. M., Detroit, Mich. 
 
 Rev. ( Fide Rochester. ) Silver, size 15. 
 
 Au imitation of the Jewish shekol. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 104. An equilateral triangle enclosing a Triple Tau. Legena: 
 "Kingsbury Chapter No. 78. R. A. Nl. Cassopolis, Mich." 
 
 Rev. Keystone with usual mark. Leerend: Charterd January 5, 
 1872 One Penny. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 105. Obv. Arms of Masonry, similar to No. 65. The Cherubim are 
 represented as standing upon a platform having three ciicles; the one in the 
 centre is adorned with a castle and the other two with crowns. The motto and 
 label are wanting. Just beneath the platform, a crow, pickaxe and shovel 
 crossed at their orntres. Legend: Lafayette Chapter No. 2, R. A. M., 
 Chicago. 
 
 Rev. A small keystone placed high in the field bearing the usual mark, 
 without the small circle in the centre which is occupied by a star. The mal- 
 let on the right is placed lower in the field than usual, likewise the indenting 
 cWsel on the left. Legend: Constituted July 12th, A. D. 1844. In 
 Exergue: One Penny. Copper, size 19. 
 
 No. 106. Obv. Type No. 1 Legend: Lapeer Chapter No. 91, R. A. M. 
 Lapeer, Mich., Chartered January 21, 1874. One | Penny. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 107. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: Loyal L. Munn Chapter 
 No. 96, R. A. M. Elgin. Ill, Chartered October, 5, 1866. One | Penny. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 1C8. Obv. Cut of building. Legend; Madison Chapter No. 4, 
 R. A. M. A. D. 1850, Madison, Wis. a. I. 2380. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. Keystone bears the usual mark but the corners 
 have no ornamentations Copper, size 20. 
 
 Through the kindness of G. J. Corscot, Esq., I learn that the building 
 represented on this penny was erected during the year 1901. On the 8th day of 
 Dec, 1891, the Madison Masonic Union was organized and capitalized at 
 
 35 
 
twenty thousand dollars. The shares being one hundred dollars each. The 
 Lodge took one hundred and fonr shares. The Chapter fifty-six shares and 
 the Commandry forty shares. 
 
 No. 109. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: "Marquette Chapter No. 
 43, R. A. M. Marquette, Mich., Chartered January 26th, 1866. One 
 Penny." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 110. Obv. Keystone in the centre wi^h the usual mark. Above in 
 small letters "Ch-vrtered." Below "Feb. 3, A. D. 1870. A. I. 2400." 
 Legend: '-Midland Chapter No. 240 R. A. M. Middletown, N. Y." 
 
 Rev. A wreath enclosing "One | Penny." Copper, size 19. 
 
 No. 111. Obv. Type of No. 91. Legend: Mohegan Chapter No. 221, R. 
 A. M., Pebkskill., N. y.. Chartered Feb. 3rd, 1869. In the centre, One 
 Penny. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. 
 
 In the cabinet of W. O. Buckland. 
 
 No. 112. Obv. A square, mallet and indenting chisel in the centre. 
 Legend: Monroe Chapter No. 1, R. A. M., 1816. 
 
 Rev. A cofan shaped Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark, 
 but without the central circle. Above the letters is a plumb, square and in- 
 denting chisel, and helow, a crow, shovel and pickaxe crossed at their centres. 
 Legend: Detroit. Mich. In exergue: One Penny. Copper, size 16. 
 
 No. 113. Obv. In the centre a triangle formed of two plain lines with 
 a dottud line between them enclosing the Ark of the Covenant with pot of 
 burning incense. The triangle is surrounded by a net or vail which in turn is 
 enclosed by two circles. Legend: "Montgomery Chapter No. 262 R. A. M. 
 Ardmore, Pa." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 12. Copper, size 22. 
 
 No. 114. Obv. Type of No. 8. Delta in centre enclosing the Ark of the 
 Covenant with the Cheribum over-topping the Mercy seat. Legend: iVlT. 
 Vernon Chapter No. 8 R. A. M.— Jersey City, N. J. — Organized July 12 
 A. D. 1859. A. L. 5859. A. I. 2389. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 12. Bronze proof, size 22. 
 
 No. 115. Obv. An equilateral triangle enclosing a Triple Tau. 
 Legend: Mt. Vernon No. 35. R. A. M. Ansonia, Conn. 
 
 Rev. Keystone. Legend: They Received Every Man— A Penny. 
 
 Copper, size 22. 
 
 No. 116. Obv. Mount ZiON Chapter No. 16, R. A. M. Atlanta, 
 Georgia. 
 
 Rev. Keystone with the usual mark. Legend: Instituted May 3rd. 
 1H1. One Penny. Brass, size 19. 
 
 In the cabinet of E. G. Clark. 
 
 No. 117. Obv. A triangle in the centre enclosing a Triple Tau. 
 Legend: Mt. Zion Chapter No. 68, R. A. M., Blub Earth, Minn. 
 
 36 
 
Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing ttie usual mark. Legend: Char- 
 tered Oct. 9th, 1900. One Penny. Copper, size 22. 
 
 No. 118. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: "New Lisbon Chapter No. 
 92, R. A. M. Lisbon, Ohio. Chartered September 7th. 1865. One 
 I Penny." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 119. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend. Orient Chapter No. 72, R. 
 A. M. Neodesha, Kansas— Chartered February 19th, 1889 In the 
 centre, One Penny. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 120. Oby. In the centre an equilateral triangle, base upwards, 
 crossed by a ribbon inscribed: One Penny. Legend: Peninsular Chep- 
 TER No. 16, R. A. M. Detroit. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: In- 
 stituted Feb. 11, 1857. Copper, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 121. Obv. In the centre an Urn. Legend: Peru Chapter No. 
 60, R. A. M. Peru, Ills. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: Char- 
 tered Sept. 20th, 1860. One Penny. Copper, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 122. Obv. A circle enclosing the seal of Solomon with a small 
 triangle surrounded by rays in the centre which in turn encloses a Hebrew 
 Yod. Legend: Philadelphia R. A. Chapter No. 169— Inst'd. May 18, 
 2380. 
 
 Rev. A circle enclosing equilateral triangle with a Triple Tau. Above 
 the triangle, Thomas S. Stout, and below, M. E. H. P. | Dec, 11, 1901. 
 Legend: Whatsoever is Right That Shall Ye Receive. 
 
 Copper, size 20. 
 
 The seal of Solomon, also known as the "Shield of David," consists of 
 a hexagonal figure formed by the interlacing of the two equilateral triangles 
 thus forming the outlines of a six pointed star. 
 
 No. 123. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: Potowonok Chapter No. 
 28, R. A. M. Fort Madison, Ia. Chartered June 1st, 1863. One 
 Penny. 
 
 Rev. The usual keystone in the centre. Legend: Chartered Jan. 17, 
 1857. Rev. Type of No. 1. In exergue. One Penny. Copper, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 124. Obv. An equilateral triangle enclosing a Triple Tau in the 
 centre. Legend: Princeton Chapter No. 28, R. A. M., Princeton, Ills.. 
 
 Rev. The usual keystone in the centre. Legend: Chartered Jan. 
 17th, 1856. In exergue: One Penny. Copper, size 22, 
 
 No. 125. Obv. Keystone bearing the usual mark. Legend: Providence 
 Royal Arch Chapter No. 1, Providence, R. I. 
 
 37 
 
11.6. 
 
 120. 
 122. 
 
 117. 
 121. 
 132. 
 
An imitation of a Jewish shekel. ( Vide Rochester. ) 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 126, Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: "Pulaski Chapter No. 279. 
 R. A. M. Pulaski, N. Y. Instituted July 8th, 1885. One | Penny." 
 
 Rev. Type of No 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 127. Obv. Arms of Masonry similar to No. 65. Legend: Reed 
 City Chapter No. 112 R. A. M., Rej-;d City, Mich. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 105. (La Payette.) Legend. Constituted Janu- 
 ary 16, A. D. 1884. One Penny. Copper, size 18. 
 
 No. 128. Obv. Type of No. 21. River RaisinChapter No. 22, R. A. 
 M. Monroe, Mich. One | Penny." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 129. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: 
 Rochester Chapter No. 137, R. A. M.,— Rochester, Mich. 
 
 Rev. An imitation of a Jewish shekel of the second year of the reign or 
 coinage of Simon Maccabaeus, ( about the year 140 B. C. ) The genuine coin 
 bore the pot of manna in the centre. The legend was in old Samaritan 
 characters which is usually rendered "Shekel of Israel." Immediately above 
 the pot are two letters that P. W. Madden states determine the year; and he 
 renders these as follows: 8henath shethaim, or year 2. Th s penny has a 
 ring attached. Silver, octogonal, size 15. 
 
 No. 130. Obv. Type of No- 1. Legend: Salem Town Chapter No. 
 173 R. A. M., Seneca Falls, N. Y. Instituted Feb. 7th, 1861. One 
 Penny. 
 
 Rev. Type of No, 1, Copper, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 131. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark, but the 
 inner circle inscribed with the figure 1. Beneath the circle, C H. P. and 
 above the letter S on the right and F on the left. These five letters are 
 countersunk and doubtless denote San Francisco Chapter. If this inference 
 is correct this Chapter is located in California. 
 
 Rev. One | Penny. Copper, size 18. 
 
 No. 132. Obv. Keystone bearing the usual mark. Legend: Sinai 
 Chapter No. 185, R. A. M. One Penny. 
 
 Rev. A circle enclosing an open book inscribed. Holiness | To The | 
 Lord. Legend: Chartered October 27th, 1882. South Chicago, III. 
 
 Copper, size 18. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 133. Obv. The Ark of the Covenant with Cherubim. Legend: 
 Smith Chaptfji No, 13, R. A. M. La Crosse, Wis. 
 
 Rev. Keystone with the usual mark. Legend: Chartered Feb. 6, 
 18S6. One Penny. Copper, size 22. 
 
 No. 134. Obv. An equilateral triangle enclosing a Triple Tau in the 
 centre. Inscription on the left of the triangle. Instituted, on the right, 
 
 39 
 
July 15, 1795. Beneath, No.- Legend: Solomon Chapter No. 3, R. A. M. 
 Deeby Conn. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the ceDtre bearing the usual mark. The Legend in 
 cypher in English would be equivalent to, "They received every man a 
 Peony. Aluminum, size28. 
 
 No. 135. Obv. Type of No. 8. In the centre an equilateral triangle 
 enclosing the Ark of the Covenant with C^herubim overtopping the Mercy seat. 
 Just beneath the triangle is a scroll inscribed: "Inst. Dec. 1863." Legend: 
 Somerset Chapter No. 15, R. A. M. Skowhegan, Maine. 
 
 Rev. Type of No, 12. Bronze proof, size 22. 
 
 No. 136. Obv. St. Anthony Falls | Chapter | No. 3 | R. A. M. 
 Minneapolis, Minn. 
 
 Rev. Keystone with the usual mark. Legend. Chart. 1859. By G. 
 G, Chap, Of U. S. A. One Penny. Copper, size 18. 
 
 No, 137. Obv. Legend: "St, John's Chapter No. 9, R. A. M. | 
 Chartered | October 23 | 1866 | Minneapolis, Minn." 
 
 Rev. Keystone with usual mark, mallet on the right indenting chisel 
 on the left. One Penny above the Keystone. Copper, size 19. 
 
 No. 138. Obv. Keystone in centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: 
 "Stockton Chapter 28, R. A. M." 
 
 Rev. "One I Penny." This Chapter is located in California. 
 
 Copper and Brass, size 18. 
 
 No. 139. Obv. Masonic Arms. Type of No. 65. Legend: Temple 
 Chapter No, 21, R. A. M., Coldwater, Mich. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark, Legend: Char- 
 tered Jan. 13, A. D. 1859. One Penny. Copper, size 18. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 140. Obv. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark, but the 
 letters are slightly depressed. Legend: Thatcher Chapter No. 101, 
 Cleveland, O. 
 
 Rev. A wreath formed of an Olive sprig on the right and an oak sprig 
 on the left. Legend: One | Penny. | A Inv 2397. Copper, size 18. 
 
 No. 141. Obv. A circle enclosing "VTalden | Mass. | 1902. Legend: 
 The Royal Arch Chapter of the Tabernacle. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 142. Obv. Keystone bearing usual mark. Legend: Toledo Chap- 
 tee 161, R. A. M. 
 
 Rev. Type of Rochester, No. 129. Silver, size 16. 
 
 An imitation of a Jewish Shekel. In the cabinet of David R. Gibson. 
 
 No. 143. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: Tyeian Chapter No. 219, R. 
 A, M., New Brighton, N. Y., | Chartered February 3rd. 1869, In the 
 centi e. One Prnny. 
 
 Rev, Type of No. 1, Copper, size 20. 
 
 40 
 
No. 144. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: "Unadilla Chapter No. 
 178, K. A. M. Unadilla, N. Y. Instituted 1864. One Penny." 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinet of E. G. Clark. 
 
 No. 145. Obv. Ad altar bearing on the topatriangle enclosing the Hebrew 
 VTod. Above the altar is the Seal of Solomon. Thedate is divided, 18 being 
 on the left and 46 on the right. Legend: Union Koyal Arch Chapter No. 
 161. 
 
 Rev. Keystone bearing the usual mark. Legend: in the exergue, 
 Towanda, Pa Type of No. 1. . Copper, size 22. 
 
 No. 146. Ohv. Type of No. I. Legend: Warren Chapter Ns. 23 R. 
 A. M. Ballston Spa N. Y. Chartered February 9th, 1809. One Penny. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. - Copper, size 20. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 147. Obv. Bust of Washington sinister. Legend: Washington 
 Chapter No. 43 R A.-M. Chicago. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: Char- 
 tered Oct. 1st. 1858. In the exergue: One Penny. Copper, size 21. 
 
 No. 148. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: Washington R. A. Chapter 
 No. 3, Portsmouth, N. H. Iustitdted Jan. 31, 1815. One Penny. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 21. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 149. Obv. In the centre a blank scroll. Flint above and Mich., 
 below the scroll. Legend: Washington ChaptebNo. 15, R. A. M. 
 
 Rev. Keystone with the usual mark Legend. Chartered January 
 14, 1857. One Penny. Copper, size 22. 
 
 In the cabinet of E. G. Clark. 
 
 No. 150. Obv. An equilateral triangle enclosing the Ark of the Coven- 
 ant with Cherubim overtopping the Mercy Seat. Type of No. 8. Legend: 
 Washtenaw Chapter No. 6, R. A. M.— Mich. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 4. Keystone in the centre. One above and Penny 
 beneath. Mallet on the right and indenting chisel on the left. 
 
 Copper, size 23. 
 
 No. 151. Obv. Legend: Webb Chapter No. 14 R. A. M. Cleveland, 
 O,— Chartered 1827. The entire field is occupied with an inscription from the 
 Persian. The following has been given me as its translation. "Struck in 
 the seven climates by the shadow of God's favor. Shah Alum, Mogul, dis- 
 ciple in the faith of Mahomet." 
 
 Rev. Keystone bearing the usual mark in the centre. Above the key- 
 stone is the letter A and beneath the word Denarius. Mallet on the right 
 and indenting chisel on the left. The edge is reeded. Copper, size 22. 
 
 There can be no rational explanation of this design from a Masonic 
 standpoint. The numismatist meets many strange designs of the die sinking 
 art but from nadir to zenith it is difficult to conceive of a design that reaches 
 
 42 
 
the heighth of this specimen for absurdity, and were it possible to show this to 
 the sturdy Romans of the Imperial days, we would expect to hear a ringing 
 yell of derison at the utter absence of knowledge here commemorated by en- 
 during metal. The design itself tells us that it must have been conceived in 
 the unguageable abyss of ignorance, and by an intellect rivaling that borne 
 by the Palaeotithic tribes or the men-of-the-river-drift. 
 
 The centre of this obverse appears to have been copied from a Sicca 
 Rupee of the Mogul, Shah Alum, of the coinage of 1789. The designer doubt- 
 less had seen one of these rupees, and not knowing the meaning of the in- 
 scription, but thinking the design would be unique, had a die-cutter repro- 
 duce it regardless of its irrational meaning. No companion of our noble or- 
 der would knowingly accept a mark penny that was "Struck by a Mogul 
 disciple in the faith of Mahomet, " as this is diametrically opposed to the 
 fundamental teachings of Masonry. Not satisfied with his display of ignor- 
 ance on the obverse he must drag in the absurd error of "A" Denarius on 
 the reverse. Inasmuch as the Latin name denarius carries the article with it, 
 which makes the A superfluous, mayhap it was not intended to go with this 
 word, and if so another explanation for its use must be sought. The origin 
 of the letter A was from the head of a calf, and the hyeroglyphic Au or the 
 phonetic A denotes "a calf of either sex." The nose of the calf is an ideo- 
 graph of breath, and from the name of the Egyptian Calf-headed deity, Au 
 or lau, were derived the seven vowels. The letter A then being the first 
 represen' ative of sounds that were last developed in language takes its place 
 at the head of nearly all alphabets. In the Arabic Gospel a story is related 
 of the i-nfancy of Christ which is as follows: There was a teacher at Jerusa- 
 lem named Zaccheus to whom the Child-Christ was sent for the purpose of 
 learning his letters. The master wrote out the Alphabet and bade the Boy 
 say Aleph, (A) and when he had done so ordered him to say Beth ( B ), where- 
 upon the Child-Christ demanded to know the nature and meaning of the 
 Aleph first. The master could not tell him. Then the Child said: "Hear me 
 Master, understand the first letter, whio is the one letter that is three fold 
 and doubly mingling." This then is a figure of the Trinity and Jesus was 
 only expounding his own nature of bi-unity with the Holy Ghost and the 
 only Begotten Son of the Father; therefore in this sense the letter A equates 
 with the triangle as a symbol of the Trinity or God-Head and as such has a 
 place in Masonry and Masonic Numismatics. 
 
 No. 152. Obv. Type of No. 1. Legend: Wells ville Chapter No. 
 55 R. A. M.— Wellsville, Ohio, Chartered March 12, 1861. In the cen- 
 tre: One Penny. 
 
 Rev. Type of No. 1. Copper, size 20. 
 
 No. 153. Obv. In the centre a circle enclosing One j Penny. Legend: 
 Western Sun Chapter No. 67 R. A.M. Jamestown, N. Y. 
 
 Rev. A keystone with the usual mark. Copper, size 18. 
 
 44 
 
No. 154. Obv. Arms of the State of Wisconsin. Legend: Wisconsin 
 Chapter No. *?, R. A. M. Milwaukee. 
 
 Rev. Keystone in the centre bearing the usual mark. Legend: Char 
 teredFbb. 12th, a. D. 1852. In exergue: One Penny. Copper, size 22 
 
 No. 155. Obv. Keystone bearing the usual mark. Legend: Wyan 
 DOTTE Chapter No . 135 R. A. M. Wyandotte, Mich. 
 
 An imitation of the Jewish shekel. 
 
 In the cabinet of Wm. Poillon. 
 
 No. 156. Obv. Ugly head to right with a cross at the base of the oc- 
 ciput. A heavy three-quarters of a circle encloses the head . Legend: Dena- 
 rius 27. 
 
 Rev. Keystone bearing the usual mark. At the base and to the left 
 is the word Exalted. Copper, size 20. 
 
 This is known as "Stock Mark Penny" because the manufacturers car- 
 ry it in stock to supply Chapters that do not wish engraved dies of their own. 
 
 The writer will be sincerely grateful for information or description of 
 any mark not mentioned in this list. 
 
 DR. B. P. WRIGHT, 
 
 158 Jay St , Schenectady, N. Y. 
 
A Reprini From 
 
 THE NVMISMATIST 
 
 For April, 1903.