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 ■njrpductory lecture, delivered at the o 
 
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 INTRODUCTORY 
 
 LECTURE, 
 
 
 DELIVERED AT THE 
 
 , . 
 
 OPENING 
 
 OF THE 
 
 New York College of Veterinary Surgeons, 
 
 ; J 
 
 NOVEMBER 6, I 865. 
 
 BY. PROF. A. S. COPEMAN. 
 
 NEW YORK-: 
 
 M. T. TYLER, PRINTER, No. 22 SPRUCE STREET 
 
 1865. 
 
c2_ yCp^ 
 
 . OP THE 
 
 NEW YORK COLLEGE OF VETERIM SBRGElS. 
 
 t 
 
 Monday evening, November 6th, Professor Copeman delivered the Intro- 
 ductory Lecture at, tliat Institution to a large and highly intellectual audience. 
 It will be'gb$erved r «h reading the Lecture, that the Professor addressed hint- 
 self more particularly to students and gentlemen who desired to qualify them- 
 selves as veterinary pi-actitioners. 
 
 , The subject was handled with marked ability, clearly showing how essen- 
 tial veterinary science was to the public health, to the agricultural interests, 
 and tojjhe army*. The remarks 'upon organizing our Boards of Health are 
 particularly apropos at the present time, and well deserving the serious con- 
 sideration of our Legislative bodies. 
 
 At the conclusion of the Address, the President of the Faculty announced 
 the order of the Lectures, and in behalf of the Trustees, invrted the ladies and' 
 gentlemen to adjourn to the Trustees' room, to join with fhem in wishing sue-; 
 cess to this new and important enterprise, where the remaining hours were 
 socially and pleasantly passed, the Trustees leaving nothing undone that could 
 add to the enjoyment of the evening. ' 
 
F 717 
 
 
 LECTURE. 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen : — la opening the proceedings of the New York 
 College of Veterinary Surgeons in this, the firat year of its existence, I can 
 not but feel the painful disproportion between the vastness and importance 
 of the objects contemplated in its formation, and my power to do them justice. 
 Yet the obvious merits of our cause set aside all personal considerations. 
 I shall, therefore, on this occasion, confide rather on the innate greatness and 
 strength of the theme than in my own feeble advocacy. Permit me then, 
 gentlemen, to ask your forbearance, your courtesy and kindness. 
 
 On ocoaeions like the present, custom has wisely ordained that the chief 
 objects of the lecture shall be to bring before the students an outline of 
 their studies, show them the facilities which exist for the acquirement of 
 information, and offer them some words of advice and friendly counsel, to 
 incite them to pursue the right course in order that they may attain an 
 honorable position in their chosen profession. 
 
 Students of the New York College of Veterinary Surgeons, I greet you. 
 Some of you are here in New York tor the first time, and perhaps also this 
 is the first time you'have been left alone and uncontrolled to seek amuse- 
 ments and companions. You are about to begin a new life— aye, and at the 
 beginning of a new school. 
 
 Life is a succession of beginnings. We are always beginning something 
 — years, months, weeks, days, the seasons of the year, our plans and schemes, 
 the very functions of our bodies — something or other we are always begin- 
 ning. It is an old proverb —"Well begun is half done," and is about as 
 true as any current saying in existence. 
 
 The beginning of our physical life is the day of our birth, the beginning 
 of our professional life is the practical commencement of our professional 
 studies. Such this day is to the first students of the New York College of 
 Veterinary SurgeonB. 
 
 As a profession, we must be content to follow in the wake of human medi- 
 cine. "Ars veterinaria post medicinum secunda est," was the remark of 
 Vegetius. This ancient physician was deeply impressed with the importance 
 of the art. and strenuously labored for its advancement. Shall it be said 
 that we are less ardent in the cause of science, and less diligent in the use of 
 means to elevate the veterinary profession than was Vegetius, who lived 
 fifteen centuries ago '! Surely not, but rather let us give proof to the world, 
 that if our art in its practical utility stands second to human medicine, yet 
 as an abstract science, it is fully equal, and as such, deserves a like Bupport. 
 Knowing, as I do, that veterinary science requires, nay, demands, of its 
 votaries earnest industry, active energies and cheerful zeal, I feel that I can- 
 not do better than address to you a few words of exhortation, encourage- 
 ment and advice. Gentlemen, you must prepare yourselves for much severe 
 mental labor, and many disagreeable duties. If, however, this profession is 
 your choice, a choice resulting from thought and sincere conviction, then put 
 your shoulder to the wheel, determined neither to look back nor be faint 
 hearted, but hopefully to wrestle with every difficulty, and manfully combat 
 every obstacle. 
 
 In the choice of a profession, young men are doubtless influenced by dif- 
 ferent motives, some being lead by idleness to select that requiring the least 
 exertion. Some by ambition to adopt that most conducive to popularity 
 and fame. Some by avarice to prefer that offering the greatest amount of 
 
2 
 
 emolument. Others again are guided by their having a certain aptitude for! 
 peculiar researches and pursuits. 
 
 We trust that the majority of the gentlemen, who are now about to com- 
 mence the study of veternary medicine, belong to the latter class. We call 
 upon you in the first place to take a clear and definite view of the avocations 
 and duties you are now entering upon as novitiates in studying the mysteries 
 of life. We call upon yon to reflect not only upon the responsibilities, but 
 particularly upon those duties, which, day by day will increase in weight 
 and significancy around you on account of the peculiar position for which 
 you are preparing, and into which you will soon be thrown. About the 
 nature of this position there can be little doubt, but paramount beyond all 
 will be demanded from it prudence, judgment and a full recognition of the 
 fact that the preservation of health, the prevention and cure of disease, are 
 the essential objects of your future life. 
 
 Gentlemen — commence your studies with a firm determination to do your 
 best, patiently and honestly, for you must recollect that the present is the 
 most important period of your life. Recollect you have not come to this in- 
 stitution tor pleasure, but for gaining a knowledge of a difficult profession. 
 Be zealous and unremitting, and not work by fits and starts. Let perse- 
 verance be your morning light, and courage your evening star. " If," says 
 one of the most accomplished writers of the day, "you entertain the suppo- 
 sition that any real success — in great things or in email— ever was or could be, 
 ever can or will be wrested from fortune by fits and starts, leave that 
 wrong idea here. 1 ' And now, gentlemen, although I hope to impress upon 
 your minds the importance of perseverance in your studies, I by no means 
 wish to urge you on to impossibilities. The average of men are gifted 
 merely with very moderate powers. Talent, in the strict sense of the word, 
 belongs to very few. It is diligence and mostly patience, that twin brother 
 of genius ; it is hard study, courage and steady labor ; these are the qualities 
 which raise so many men to honorable positions. 
 
 Remember it is seldom that he who has neglected the struggle in his youth, 
 has the opportunity afforded- him to redeem lost time. The moralist has told 
 us, "If the spring put forth no blossoms, in summer there will be no beauty, 
 and in autumn no truit ; t so if youth be trifled away without improvement, 
 manhood will be contemptible, "and old age miserable." 
 
 He who brings to the study of his profession the spirit of independent in- 
 quiry, of industry ihat will not be daunted, and the inestimable quality of 
 self-reliance, will not fail to discover in this school ample means of instruc- 
 tion. ' But he who does not feel within him the impulse to learn the necessity 
 to work, who waits to be taught, to have a contracted-for amount of anatomy, 
 physiology, medicine and surgery served out to him, and packed up for him 
 as a patient mule waits for a load to be laid upon his back, will not find it 
 here, nor in any other college. Knowledge is for him that seeks it. 
 
 Now as medical knowledge is devoted to the restoration of animal health, 
 when impaired by disease or injury, it will be at once manifest that the study 
 of animal organization in a condition of health is essential to the compre- 
 hension of the changes which occur as the result of disease. Let us now 
 britfly examine the manner in which it is proposed to accomplish this object, 
 
 The Professor of Anatomy will show you how the various tissues of the 
 organized body combine to form the several organs; he will exhibit to you 
 bones, cartilages, tendons, muscles, blood vessels and nerves, in short, he 
 will demonstrate to you each part, each organ, and each fibre in the horse, 
 one of the most complicated and most powerful machines ever created. The 
 student must remember that his success or non-success mainly depend upon 
 himself. He may be aided by the instructions of others, but his real position 
 must be made by his owri exertions. It is in the dissecting room and in the 
 hospital where alone the future practitioner can fit himself for his duties. 
 His dissections must be his own; the lecture, the demonstration, may^ assist 
 him materially. But to know anatomy practically, and as a surgeon, per- 
 
5 
 
 sonal experience is essential. Indeed it is in the dissecting room that the 
 surgeon must educate his hand. 
 
 The Professor of Physiology will teach how this wonderful creation is 
 developed, sustained and nourished; its fundamental properties, the pheno- 
 mena it presents, and the laws which govern its actions. 
 
 The Science of Physiology must become the study of your whole life; every 
 practitioner of medicine is necessarily a physiologist; that iB, one who reasons 
 and discourses npon the phenomena of nature. The ultimate source of our 
 knowledge of nature and her laws is experience, by which is meant not the 
 ex-perience of one man only, or of one generation, but the accumulated ex- 
 perience of all mankind in all ages, registered in books or recorded in 
 traditions. There are, gentlemen, I believe, few subjects so conducive to the 
 pleasure and happiness of life as the study of nature and her laws, and this is 
 the constant pursuit of the physiologist. 
 
 The Professor of Theory and Practice will explain to yon the symptoms of 
 the different diseases, and the mode of interrogating nature for their detec- 
 tion. He will teach you that in the management of disease the first step is to 
 have the cause, seat, nature and natural termination. If possible to remove 
 the cause, and place the patient in the most favorable condition as to air, 
 food, and drink. Having done this, the next question is whether, nature can 
 be further aided in her efforts of restoration. There may be irritating mat- 
 ters in the digestive organs that require to be expelled, or there may be some 
 condition of the system requiring to be changed by medical agents. 
 
 Do not, however, indulge the supposition too often entertained by the 
 illiterate, that there is a specific virtue in medicinal agents rendering them 
 antagonistic of disease. The veterinarian can no more cure disease than the 
 farmSpan make his grain or grass grow; all that he can do is to place his 
 patient in the most favorable conditions for recovery, trusting to the laws of 
 nature for the result — often medicinal agents may be unnecessary, but if given, 
 the indication should be clear and the effect expected to be produced well 
 understood. 
 
 The Professor of Materia Medica and Theraupeutics will furnish every 
 facility for the requisition of a thorough knowledge of the various articles 
 used in the practice of veterinary medicine— and he will teach all modern 
 improvements and|discoveries. He will also give instruction in regard to 
 the abuse as well as the use of medicines, and thus forwarn the students of 
 errors w.hich he should avoid. The preparation and modes of administration 
 of the various drugs, their composition, their physiological and therapeutic 
 effects will all be comprehended in the course of instruction in Materia 
 Medica. 
 
 The Professor of Surgery will instruct you in the art of performing the va- 
 rious operations which may become necessary to save life or remove disease. 
 As the most skillful artificer is he who neglects none of the minutias apper- 
 taining to his calling, so the most successful practitioner is that one who 
 makes himself acquainted most completely with every symptom and every 
 change which may present itself. It is therefore in diligent attention in the 
 stalls of the hospitals that the practitioner must rely for future success. 
 
 While much information may be procured from lectures, and the attentive 
 pernsal of works of acknowledged merit, it is only at the side of the sick in 
 the hospitals that the student can, form acquaintance with the features of dis- 
 ease, can trace its progress through its various phases, and ascertain with 
 precision the influence of remedial agents, in checking or controling its 
 symptoms. It will be your privilege and duly to daily visit the sick animals 
 in the hospital ; here, and here only can you learn to distinguish the differ- 
 ences of the crtpitent and mucous rales in diseases of the lungs, the difference 
 between lymphangitis and scarlatina; to note the pulse of enteritic inflam- 
 mation or of profuse hemorrhage. In the hospital, you must also learn the- 
 visible and open manifestations of disease, view the haggard countenance, 
 the furred tongue, and hear the stertorous breathing. It is there that you 
 
must study the signs of the freemasonry of our art, then learn the obstructed 
 respiration of pneumonia, the prostration of peritonitis, the tongue of gastritis, 
 and the death-struck countenance and cold sweat of suffocative catarrh. It 
 is there that the whistling breathing of laryngitis, the blanched membranes 
 and sinking of ruptured liver, and the collapse of ruptured stomach, must be 
 looked for and learned. It is there that the great practical relations of our 
 art will be found ; there and nowhere else will you discover a knowledge and 
 a power which all the speculative medicine of the past and of the future will 
 be impotent to afford. 
 
 Clinical study, in fact, is of paramount importance. The student should 
 personally examine every case that enters the hospital ; one case, well watched 
 from beginning to end, is worth a dozen systematic lectures. It is the thing 
 itself; it is seeiug what you will have to recognise, and what, withont seeing, 
 you never would recognise ; it is enlisting your interest, your suspense, your 
 efforts ; everything that can help to impress you in that which is teaching 
 you ; it is disease itself teaching you, instead of a teacher interpreting dis- 
 ease. Get, then, as much clinical experience as you possibly can, neglect 
 anything rather than that ;' but remember, be less ambitious of seeing a large 
 number of cases, than of seeing a few thoroughly ; never think you know 
 anything about cases till you have taken notes of them. The "taking - ' of 
 cases suggests all sortB of questions that you would not otherwise ask ; itmakes 
 you pains-taking, observant, precise. A very good plan is this, examine the 
 case you are going to take notes of sufficiently to verify the disease ; then 
 read the subject well up ; take your notes ; you will then know what to look 
 out for, what questions to ask, what symptoms are regular, what are excep- 
 tional, and every feature of the case will have a value and intereBj| This is 
 an excellent way of acquiring both a literary and practical knowledge of 
 your profession. 
 
 And now remember, that in entering on your student career, you are being 
 put upon trial. The next few months will be the turning point of your pro- 
 fessional life. The difficulties that beset your path are very great, and it is 
 not by disguising or ignoring them that we shall prepare you to overcome 
 them. The remedy is as simple and as certain as the [difficulties are many 
 and great. Stick to your lectures, your dissections, your hospital practice 
 "with a will" and the thing is done. 
 
 Kemember, then, the critical importance to you of the session before you ; 
 remember your difficulties and remember their remedy; and remember, too, 
 that if there is one thing in this world that is perfectly certain, it is that a 
 pupilage of diligent study is the introduction to a life of successful practice. 
 If you would enjoy the character of an enlightened practitioner you must 
 become thoroughly imbued with all that is known respecting the laws that 
 govern the inorganic aB well as the organic world. It is most desirable that 
 you acquire a knowledge of the various physical phenomena, heat, light, 
 electricity, magnetism and chemical affinity, and the fixed laws that regulate 
 the combining powers of living structures. Combined with these auxiliary 
 studies, the student must strive to obtain a thorough acquaintance with the 
 practical use of the microscope. Gentlemen, lhave one more recommendation 
 to give you. Be sober — intemperance is the rock on which too many vete- 
 rinary students are wrecked; they are often led into great temptations. Let 
 your rule be this, never partake of vinous refreshment before dinner. 
 
 Hitherto, one of the great disadvantages under which the veterinary! 
 profession have labored, has been tie absence of a proper test of the prjbT 
 fessional skill of the students graduating from our veterinary schools. .- It 
 cannot be denied that this has been to a great extent disadvantageous to the 
 profession as a body. Students have become practitioners who have beenl 
 lamentably deficient in a general knowledge of the first principles of thej 
 science upon which the satisfactory performance of their practical dutiesj 
 depend. 
 The heads of our College have therefore resolved to increase the seventy 
 
, '5 
 
 of this test, by which the assurances are obtained of a thorough acquaintance 
 of each pupil with all the elementary principles, both theoretical and 
 practical, of his profession. 
 
 This examination successfully passed, affords at once a guarantee to the 
 public that the graduate of this institution is not only qualified to practice 
 the veterinary art, but worthy the confidence and respect of the community 
 at large. 
 
 If, then, as students and instructors, the friends of the New York College 
 of Veterinary Surgeons are resolved to aid and enccurage each other in tbjs 
 course of honest, persevering icquiry after truth, they cannot'fail of raising 
 the standard of veterinary science, of elevating the character of its members, 
 and of making this institution what its founders originally determined it 
 should be, equal to any in the Old World. 
 
 With regard to the views entertained by the Faculty of this College, I may 
 be permitted to say that in this resolve they are uuited and determined, 
 namely, to teach earnestly and faithfully whatever is necessary tor the 
 accomplishment of a complete medical and surgical education. 
 
 The science of veterinary medicine, as it is now beginning to be under- 
 stood, is a science that has a far wider application and a far nobler mission 
 than the limited duty of leading, the sick animal back to health. In the 
 present day, more ihan at any previous period in the history of our country, 
 domestic animals are brought together in immense numbers, under a variety 
 of conditions, powerfully and variously affecting their health. Hundreds of 
 cattle and thousands of hogs are closely congregated at distilleries. Cows 
 may be counted by the hundred in thousands of dairies. Armies of horses 
 encamp and move about in enormous masses. The great problem of vete- 
 rinary medicine is not so much how to cure a particular case of pneumonia 
 or of fever, but how to prevent the outbreak of pestilence, to discover and 
 to avert all the causes of epizootic and euzootic disease; in a word, bow to 
 preserve the health of domestic animals and thereby increase the wealth of 
 the nation. 
 
 Regarded in this light, the veterinary profession acquires an importance 
 which it has never yet challenged in America. 
 
 When it is considered how . much the success of an army will always de- 
 pend upon the health and consequent efficiency of its horses, as well as on 
 the nutritive value of its animal food, surely the necessity of an educated 
 corps of veterinary surgeons must be apparent to every statesman, politician 
 and agriculturist in the land. In this relation I may be permitted to call 
 attention to the annexed paragraph, copied from the report of James C. 6. 
 Kennedy, the able superintendent of the census for 1860. After referring to 
 the increasing prevalence of destructive diseases in the Eastern and Western 
 States, and the necessity of a class of well educated veterinary surgeons, 
 says: 
 
 " This necessity has been made still more apparent by recent losses of 
 many horses. We are of opinion that the country in the purchase and loss of 
 horses during the insurrection, has incurred an expense already which, under 
 other circumstances, could have been avoided to an amount greater than 
 would have been required to maintain a national veterinary school or college 
 on an extended scale for half a century. In truth, we are not sure that the 
 interest on the amount lost would not permanently support such an institu- 
 tion." 
 
 There never was a period in the history of our country which so much re- 
 quired the establishment of veterinary schools as the present. Threatened 
 from abroad with two diseases, the cholera, which is already said to be on 
 our shores, and the rinderpest, or cattle plague of Russia, a low form of ty- 
 phus, which is now making such sad havoc among cattle on the European 
 continent, and the milch cows of England, I regret to announce the re-ap- 
 pearance amongst horses, at Troy, in this State, and its rapid extension along 
 the Erie, Chenango and Black River canals, of a highly contageoug disease, 
 
commonly known as <'black tongue." As one of the consequences of the war, 
 we have also to contend against that most- loathsome and incurable disease, 
 glanders, the seeds of which have been sown broadcast, by the public sale of 
 diseased army horses. . Surely, then, there never was a time when the aid and 
 judicious advice of well educated veterinarians were more needed. Sanitary 
 commissioners and boards of health must erelong be organized or appointed 
 by competent authority in every State, and by the general government, to 
 protect us from the pending epidemics and epizootics. And this gives rise 
 to the most important question, of whom or what class of persons should the 
 board of health be composed ? I answer without hesitation, of such profes- 
 sional gentlemen as I have the honor of being surrounded by, of our first 
 physicians, ot the best veterinarians in the country, of which there are, it is 
 to be regretted,"but very few to be found, owing, doubtless, to our want of 
 veterinary schools ; the mayor and other head executive officer of each city 
 or town, and the police. A board composed of such material would not only 
 be one of the surest, but the best means of protecting the public health, and 
 the public funds. I am not an alarmist— on the contrary, while I recommend 
 care and prudence, I would guard against excitement and fear. I regret 
 having to refer to such unpleasant topicB in an introductory lecture, I feel, 
 however, I would be derelict in duty to the country and to my profession, 
 arid would leave myself liable to reproof from that mighty engine, the press, 
 if I passed the subject, unpleasant though it be, over in silence. 
 
 Gentlemen, having laid before you a brief sketch or representation of the 
 profession you have adopted, the nature of its early studies, its trials and 
 its duties, I cannot consent to close my address without improving the 
 opportunity of presenting a few observations on some of the most important 
 and memorable poiDts in the history and progress of veterinary medicine in 
 America. Let us dwell for a moment on the present state of the profession 
 in this city. I would not be understood to say to my professional brethren 
 that the spirit of inquiry has departed from us, far otherwise. Yet, with 
 humiliation, be it acknowledged, the bonds of fellowship which should have 
 held us in unity, to support one another, and to noble emulation in the pro- 
 motion of a common interest, have been constantly slackening ; the spirit of 
 discord has been wide awake, and tbe poison of its breath has hung upon us, 
 until it has withered our growth and seriously damaged our reputation. 
 
 Talent and ability have been exerted, singly, frequently to meet the 
 opposition of those who should have extended a fostering hand. That there 
 are in New York many able practitioners, gentlemen who are fully alive to 
 the wants of the community, and ever ready to labor for its best interests, I 
 can cheerfully bear testimony. 
 
 I am constrained, however, to confess that too many of our ablest men 
 have been so constantly occupied in the exercise of their professional duties 
 as to leave little or no time to teach others, or place on record the practical 
 improvements which their own skill has discovered. 
 
 As yet not a single original work of any value on Veterinary science has 
 been written in this country. An enterprising gentleman several years 
 fince introduced a " popular " book, published in London in 1831. Now, 
 strange as it must appear to every reflective mind, this book, "Youatt on the 
 Horse," written more than thirty-five years ago — a work unquestionably 
 behind tbe age at the period of its first issue— is to this day quoted as au- 
 thority on all matters relating to veterinary medicine and surgery, in our 
 courts of law. 
 
 Every one atall conversant with the progress of veterinary medicine, knows, 
 that as a science it has advanced hand in hand with the other sciences ; and 
 let us not forget that during the last quarter of a century medical science 
 has been constantly extending its boundaries ; morbid anatomy has been re- 
 constructed ; physiology remodeled ; indeed, these, with the discoveries made 
 through the aid of organic chemistry and microscopic anatomy, have wrought 
 a complete revolution in the science and art of our profession. 
 
Whilst veterinary science was rapidly advancing on the European conti- 
 nent, why was this country to be permitted to remain the only one among 
 the civilized nations where the necessary qualification could not be obtained 
 to enable men to assist in this great work? 
 
 Gentlemen — the task of removing the stigma has fallen upon us; it is no 
 ordinary responsibility. ' Be resolved, then, to be candidates for distinction 
 in your profession. With strong hands and willing hearts gird yourself for 
 the contest. Toil must be endured, obstacles overcome, and reward is certain. 
 
 It is no small honor to be in the very vanguard of this onward march. It 
 will be your high function to aid in dispersing the elouds of doubt and error 
 which now encompass veterinary science in America. To fight its battles 
 and uphold its standard, are your special privileges. 
 
 I trust that I have said enough to encourage my young friends to admire 
 and love the profession which they have this day commenced. May they 
 show their admiration and love ot it by devotion to their studies, by atten- 
 tion to their teachers, and by respect on all occasions to the requirements of 
 this institution. I trust, also, that I have said enough to convince the sub- 
 scribers to the funds of the college, that our profession is worthy of the in- 
 terest they take in it, and I hope it will encourage them to continue that 
 liberal support which they have so willingly bestowed. The establishment 
 of this institution, towards which yonr assistance has been so kindly and 
 liberarally afforded, must appear to every one who fully considers its design 
 and object, one of the most important enterprises ever contemplated in this 
 country. 
 
 The dependence of America for much of her wealth and prosperity, is on 
 the health and strength of the domestic animals, while the absence of all 
 systematic efforts to foster and advance our knowledge of the' nature and 
 laws of their growth, nutrition, health or disease, has often called forth ex- 
 pressions of astonishment. A respect for erery department of science is 
 especially necessary in the present times, when the material wealth and in- 
 creasing welfare of nations is so closely connected with a healthy and vigor- 
 ous development of the animals which furnish its food and raiment. Nothing 
 but energetic progress in all the branches of natural science will save any 
 State from the evils of decline. 
 
 It is wholly inconceivable that the enlightened statesmen who guide the 
 energies of this country, will, when once their attention is aroused to this 
 defect in our national education, withold their aid in assisting to establish 
 this college. 
 
 Having said thus much in reference to the subscribers, and also State en- 
 couragement, it remains for me to say what grateful thanks are due from all 
 persons interested in the prosperity of veterinary science to our Board of 
 Trustees for their ass'stance in founding this New College. This they have 
 accomplished under the conviction that this institution is calculated to confer 
 great and enduring benefits, not only on the horse and all other domestic 
 animals, but on mankind. 
 
 To one gentleman, however, we owe an especial debt of gratitude, for his 
 constant personal exertions, the devotion of his valuable time, and the un- 
 wearied employment of his influence, with the most noble and enlarged views 
 to promote the establishment ot this College. I should be deprived of the 
 greatest pleasure I derive from my own efforts in its behalf, if I could not 
 thus publicly acknowledge that our success, which I trust is now unques- 
 tionable, will be mainly due to John Busteed. 
 
NEW YORK COLLEGE 
 
 OP 
 
 VETERINAKY SURGEONS. 
 
 Chartered 1857. 
 
 No- 179 Lexington avenue, between 32d and 33d streets, 
 
 NEW YOEK. 
 
 TRUSTEES. 
 CHARLES S. EOE, Nyack, S. T. IALEXANDEE J. OOTHEAL, 843 Fifth ave. 
 
 ADOLPH MAILLIAED, Bordentown, N. J.lBICHAED KELLY, 116 East 34th street. 
 E. G. EAWSON, M. D„ 4 Lexington avenue'GEO. W. BUSTEED, 407 Fourth avenue. 
 ISAAC E. COTHEAL, PishMU, N. Y. 8. P. NICHOLS, 96 East Twenty-seventh st. 
 
 JOHN BUSTEED, M. D., 325 Third avenue. 'AUGUSTUS WHITLOCK, 117 Wall street. 
 
 FRANCIS MOBEIS, Westchester, N. Y. 
 C. H. BIRNEY, Marmaroneck, N. Y. 
 ALFRED EOE, 107 East Twenty-fourth st. 
 PAUL S. FOEBES, 82 Fifth avenue. 
 A. J. COTHEAL Secretary. 
 
 E. G. EAWSON, 
 
 WM. PALEN. 85 Gold street. 
 
 E. MASON, 12 Barclay street. 
 
 THOS. PALMEE, Jr., 324 West 2Sd street. 
 
 AUGUSTUS WHITLOCK, President, 
 M. D., Treasurer. 
 
 MEDICAL, CENSORS. 
 
 Prof. W. H. VAN BUEEN, M. D. 
 Prof. ALONZO CLABK, M. D. 
 Prof. I. E. TAYLOE, M. D. 
 Prof. E. O. DOEEMUS, M. D. 
 JAEED LINSLY, M. D. 
 EOBT. H. CUETIS, M. C. V. S. L. 
 CHAS. M. WOOD, V. S. 
 
 Prof. J. W. DEAPEE, M. D. LL. D. 
 
 Prof. MAETYN PAINE, A. M., M. D., LL. D. 
 
 Prof. J. C. DALTON, M. D. 
 
 Prof. A. FLINT, Jr., M. D. 
 
 Prof. W. PABKEB, M. D. 
 
 JOHN C. BEiLES, M. D. 
 
 C. C. GEISE, M. C. V. S. L. 
 
 J. H. STICKNEY, M. D., M. S-, C. V. S. L. 
 
 FACULTY. 
 
 Akatoms asd Operative Sbegehy . .- A. F. LIAUTAED, M. D., V. S. 
 
 PHTSIOLOGY AKD SURGICAL PiTHOLOOT A. LAEGE, M. D., M. E. 0. V. S. L. 
 
 Pathology ot the House ahd other Domestic Animals A. S. COPEMAN, V. S. 
 
 MATERIA MEDICA AOT) THERAPEUTICS J. BUSTEED, M.' D. 
 
 OnQAKIC CHEMISTRY ASD PRACTICAL USE OE THE MICROSCOPE . .DE. A. S. COPEMAN, V~.S. 
 
 (A. F. LIAUTAED) 
 
 CUNIOiEL Imsibt/otios I A. LAEGE, 
 
 (A. S. COPEMAN. 
 The Session for 1866 J 67 will commence on the first Wednesday in November and 
 will terminate the last of February. 
 
 FEES AND BEGULATIONS. 
 
 Matriculation Fee $ 5 00 
 
 Lecture Fees 100 00 
 
 Diploma 26 00 
 
 Dissecting Boom Fee S 00 
 
 Total $135 00 
 
 The requirements for Graduation are: Twenty-one years of age, a Certificate o* 
 Study and Attendance on two full Courses of Medical Lectures, the last being in this 
 College, a Thesis in the hand-writing of the candidate, proper testimonials of character, 
 and a satisfactory examination by the Censors ia each of the Departments of Destruction. 
 
 Two prises will be awarded by the Faculty for the best dissected preparations. 
 
 Letters may be addressed to DR. J. BUSTEED, President of the Faculty, College 
 of Veterinary Surgeons, 179 Lexington avenue, New York. 
 
 A. F. LIAUTAED, M. D. V. S., Eegistrar. 
 
The Standard Journal of America. 
 
 THE TURF, FIELD AND FARJi 
 
 CONTAINS SIXTEEN PAGES DEVOTED TO.THE 
 
 btjejec 
 
 DISCUSSION OF LITEEAEY AND SOIENTIPIO SUBJECTS 
 
 TO THE 
 
 BREEDING AND RAISING OF STOCK. 
 
 TO 
 
 TUEF MA.TTERS, 
 
 ITEEUjOD SPORTS, cfco. 
 
 THE SUBJECT OP 
 
 VETERINABY SCIENCE 
 
 RECEIVES ESPECIAL ATTENTION. 
 
 IT IS PRONOUNCED THE ABLEST JOURNAL OF THE COUNTRY: 1 
 
 ITS TONE IS DIGNIFIED AND ELEVATED, 
 
 . ANI> IT IS 
 
 CONDUCTED WITH A SPIRIT OF ENTERPRISE. 
 It is elegantly printed in a form for ready binding. 
 
 TERMS. 
 
 ONE TEAR IN ADVANCE $5 (Jo 
 
 TO CLUBS, 9 COPIES, IN ADVANCE *.„.... 36 00 
 
 PIBMSHKn AT 
 
 62 Liberty street, New York. 
 

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