;NCYCLOPEDIA ■VERMONT lOGRAPHY CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY FROM Cornell University Library F 48 D64 Encyclopedia. Vermont bloaraphy: a serie 3 1924 028 837 057 ^ olin Overs DATE DUE '■ 1 *wh 3 ■V -^oBMii M £-ii#« P% GAYLORD PRINTED IN U S A. ^^ Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028837057 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY A Series of Authentic Biographical Sketches of the Representative Men of Vermont and Sons of Vermont in other States 1912 Compiled and Edited by PRENTISS C. DODGE Burlington, Vermont: Ulleby Publishing Company 1912 / ]\^ / % u coptbight 1912 Ullebt Publishing Company /i7^^y^i iij,tjsteations by The Campbell Aht Company elizabeth, n. j. printed and bound by Fbee Press Printing Company burlington, vt. J.i:iKiMo;i (^^^^^ J^^^'zJ^^-.a-'!:^^—^ CONTENTS Page Introduction, by Joseph A. DeBoer 4 The Founders 6 The Governors 27 Senators in Congress 35 Representatives in Congress 63 Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts 79 Biographies of Vermonters 9S General Index ^"7 INTRODUCTION BY JOSEPH A. DeBOER It is probably true that Vermont, as nearly as any spot upon the earth's crust, has been the scene of the most conspicuous action by men in all efforts to create, main- tain, and advance a true independence of person and state and upon principles fundamentally included in the term self-government. In fact, its history, upon utmost anal- ysis, discloses that no people organized as a state have more nearly attained to perfect sovereignty or maintained it under their constitution and political methods than the people of Vermont. The original stock, according to a census more than a century old, was composed almost wholly of English and Scotch, and was, therefore, Anglo- Saxon in its quality. That carried with it, considering only insignificant changes in its character, the virtues of their institutions, language, and literature, and, what is equally important, however derived, the fine character of Anglo-Saxon intellectual and moral life. Vermont in the American Revolution had reason for, and might have profited by, serving England; but its people, under a lofty leadership, saw fit to espouse, the cause which, under Providence, has led to stupendous advances in the history of civilization and created a nation which outruns all others in its achieved results for man. Its people came of stock which held education, religion, freedom of person, and honest dealings in chief regard, and they were ready, in sustaining these assets of sovereignty, to sacrifice all. if^^ Jh^^^ ^^ Wy/ From thence followed the conquest of the wilderness, the long- continued political strife with neighboring states, and finally with Congress itself, and from thence also came the glorious contribution which Vermont men made to the success of the Revolution by which the nation was estab- lished. The same spirit, animating the children of these forbears, sustained the subsequent wars of the United States and contributed materially to the existing unprece- dented position of our common history in the world at large. In fact, Vermont has been an extraordinary up- builder of the nation because of the intrinsic character of the people who compose it, their patriotism, thrift, and self-sacrificing works, and chiefly because they always made education and religion and fair dealing, as defined by laws and interpreted by courts, the basis of their Public life. For this reason any work which preserves the biog- raphy of some of its people in even partial form is valu- able and useful. As Stafford says: "Mother of men, whom the green hills enthroned. From whose bright feet the rivers haste away. These of the ages are — we of a day. Yet we have loved thee, and thy love have known. " This work of Vermont biography has been under- taken with a view of supplying a useful contribution to the history of the state; and it is hoped that it will serve the purpose of all such works, that of conserving state traditions and of advancing the future, not only of Ver- mont, but of the nation at large. Montpelier, Vt., April 15, 1912. THE FOUNDERS The men of Vermont in the beginning came for the most part from Massa- chusetts and Connecticut. They were of the true pioneer type — strong, deter- mined, enterprising men, who, with little of this world's goods, sought cheaper lands in the uninhabited Green Mountain wilderness, under grants from Benning Wentworth, the royal governor of New Hampshire. The first settlements of any importance were made after the close of the French and Indian war. France had ceded her American possessions to England, and the frontier English settlements were no longer in danger of being harassed and destroyed by predatory expedi- tions from Canada. Yet the new settlers in what is now Vermont, though they were thus freed from any fear of French aggression, soon found themselves in trouble with men of their own race. These troubles arose from the uncertain and often conflicting boundaries assigned to the various colonies by their charters from the crown. On the one hand. New Hampshire interpreted her charter as giving her all the territory as far west as the western boundary of Massachusetts and lying between the Massachusetts line on the south and Canada on the north. New York, on the other hand, claimed the Connecticut River as her eastern boundary, under the grant of the Province of New York made by Charles II to his brother, tlie Duke of York. Although, with the exception of Long Island, she had never, taken actual possession of any part of Connecticut or Massachusetts under this grant, yet now, after the lapse of a century, she asserted her right to the terri- tory of the present Vermont, and obtained. a royal order which confirmed her claim. By this time there were twoscore or more of scattered settlements in the southern part of Vermont, on both sides of the main range of the Green Moun- tains; and, under ordinary circumstances and with fair treatment, it would prob- ably have made little difference to the inhabitants of these remote hamlets to which of the two jurisdictions they should be attached. But New York, not content with the royal decision in favor of her territorial claims, began to treat the new settlers with signal injustice. She not only declared the grants obtained from the gover- nor of New Hampshire void and worthless, but she demanded that the settlers repurchase their lands under New York titles at a price many times the price they had already paid into the New Hampshire treasury. Some complied unwillingly, especially on the eastern side of the range. By far the larger, part, however, re- fused, and declined to acknowledge the authority of New York; and, when that province attempted to enforce its demands, they resisted openly and for the most part effectivelv. Since New Hampshire afforded them no protection, they banded themselves together for their own defense into the organization known as "the Green Mountain Boys." Then for a dozen years there followed a desultory but prolonged conflict between this handful of rude frontiersmen and mountaineers and the officials of the great Province of New York. The latter endeavored to dis- possess the recalcitrant settlers from their homes, granting their lands over their heads to subjects of New York. But the settlers on the whole held their own well, using not only armed resistance on occasion, but otheT effectual means as well. They applied beechen rods, or "the beech seal," as with grim humor they termed them, to the bare backs of individual offenders to good purpose. By one means or another they succeeded in defending their homes and their property, until at length the conflict was interrupted by the breaking out of the Revolution. Perhaps the most important effect of the long controversy had been the gradual creation of a community of feeling and a political solidarity among the people of the Grants. Unaided by New Hampshire, in open conflict with New York, they had been without any settled system of government. Threatened Ijy a common danger, however, they had, through the agency of committees of safety acting in harmony with one another, of informal meetings, and of delegated conventions from the several towns, been slowly welded into a people. In January, 1777, a convention, meeting as Westminster, passed a "Declaration of the Independence of the New Hampshire Grants," declaring them to be "a free and independent state," under the name of New Connecticut. In June of the same year, when Bur- goyne was moving southward along the Champlain valley to effect a junction with Clinton on the Hudson and thus cut off New England from the rest of the colonies, an adjourned meeting of the same convention, held at Windsor, changed this name to Vermont, at the happy suggestion of Dr. Thomas Young, of Philadelphia, a friend and correspondent of the Aliens and of other leading men in the Grants. The fol- lowing month, a constitution for the state was adopted, courts were established, and a council of safety appointed to direct affairs until the new state government could be put into operation, which was done in March, 1778, with Thomas Chittenden as the first governor. Meanwhile, Vermont had taken its part in the defense of the colonies. On the morning of May 10, 1775, a party consisting chiefly of Green Mountain Boys, under the command of Ethan Allen, surprised Fort Ticonderoga, capturing more than a hundred cannon and a large quantity of ammunition and other military stores. This booty was later of great service to the American army besieging Boston. On the next day, Crown Point was captured by Seth Warner, and Skeenesborough, now Whitehall, by Capt. Samuel Herrick. During the following autumn and winter, the Green Mountain Boys took part in an invasion of Canada, which began with much promise of success, but ended disastrously, Allen being made a prisoner and sent to England. In 1777, Seth Warner covered the American retreat before the advance of Burgoyne from Canada, and fought the battle of Hubbardton on Vermont soil against a much larger force of British troops. At the suggestion of the Continental Congress, Vermont, notwithstanding her meager population, furnished a regiment for service in the Continental army; and, on Aug. 16 1777, Vermont and New Hampshire forces, commanded by Gen. John Stark, won the battle of Bennington, which seriously crippled Burgoyne's army and has- tened his surrender at Saratoga two months later. Yet, in spite of her services to the common cause. Congress, largely through the efforts of the New York dele- gation, refused repeatedly to accede to Vermont's petitions for admission to the Union as a separate state. New Hampshire, too, revived her claims to Vermont territory; and Massachusetts laid claim to the southern portion of the state. Ver- mont retaliated on two several occasions by annexing bordering towns in both New Hampshire and New York. These East and West Unions, as they were known, were finally abandoned; but at least one session of Vermont's legislature was held on the New Hampshire side of the Connecticut. In addition to refusing Vermont's appeal to be recognized as an independent state, and seriously considering her partition among the adjoining states. Congress withdrew all Continental troops from Vermont's borders, leaving her frontiers defenseless against British attack, at a time when a fresh invasion along the Cham- plain highway was being organized in Canada. It was at this juncture, in 1780, that overtures were made by British emissaries for Vermont's return to British allegiance. The correspondence which ensued was conducted on the British side largely by General Haldimand, lieutenant-governor of the Province of Quebec, and is known as the Haldimand correspondence. On the Vermont side, it was conducted by, and known only to, a few of the leaders of the new state. That these men ever seriously contemplated a surrender of the state to the royal author- ity no one now believes, although Ethan Allen, angered at a fresh refusal of Con- gress to admit Vermont, once rashly declared that he would rather submit to the crown than fall under the dominion of New York. Abandoned, as they practically were, by Congress and the Continental army, facing in their defenseless condition the danger of a hostile invasion from the north, their object in thus parleying secretly with the enemy was to gain time and to protect themselves. They not only succeeded in this, but they saved the whole northern frontier of the country. Their chief representative in these negotiations was Ira Allen; and it was due to his adroit diplomacy and to the shrewdly noncommittal nature of his replies to the British advances that for three years an invading army was kept hanging idly on our borders, until at last peace was declared between England and her former colonies. Yet Vermont's continued endeavors to be enrolled among the original states of the Union were in vain. For fourteen years she existed as practically an independent republic; and it was not until 1791 that she was finally admitted as the first new state to be added to the original thirteen. HEROES OF EARLY VERMONT HISTORY ALLEN, Ethan. Born Litchfield, Conn., Jan. 10, 1737; son of Joseph and Mary (Baker) Allen; died Burlington, Feb. 12, 1789. In 1762, married Mary Bronson of Woodbury, Conn.; she died in 178S; they had four daughters and one son, of whom only the second daughter, Lucy Caroline, had issue, she marrying in 1789 Judge Samuel Hitchcock of Bur- lington; from her is descended, among others, the Hon. Ethan Allen Hitchcock, United States minister to Russia 1897, ambassador to Russia 1898, later in which year he became secretary of the interior, serving as such under Presidents McKin- ley and Roosevelt until 1907. In 1784, Ethan Allen married Mrs. Frances (Mon- tresor) Buchanan, daughter of Capt. John Montresor of the British army, and widow of Capt. John Buchanan of the British navy; they had three children, of whom the eldest, Fanny, died a nun in a convent at Montreal, P. Q.; after her is named the Fanny Allen Hospital near Burlington. The two sons of this mar- riage graduated from West Point and be- came officers in the United States army. Allen came to the Grants in 1769, and almost immediately became prominent in the struggle against New York. He had been here but a few months when he was appointed an agent to defend the New York suits against the settlers, and went to New Hampshire to obtain copies of Governor Wentworth's commissions and instructions from the king. He engaged Jared Ingersoll of Connecticut as counsel, and in June, 1770, appeared at Albany to answer in a suit of ejectment by a New York claimant against a settler. The judge, Livingston, was a patentee under New York grants, interested directly or indirectly in 30,000 acres in Vermont. Most of the attorneys and court officers were similarly interested, and a fair con- sideration of the case was out of the ques- tion. Allen's documents and deeds under New Hampshire authority were excluded as evidence, and the verdict was against him as arranged. Afterwards some gen- tlemen called on him at his hotel, and, representing how desperate the case was, urged him to go home and advise his friends to make the best terms they could. He coolly replied, "The gods of the val- leys are not the gods of the hills." Asked his meaning, he told them that if they would come to Bennington it should be made clear. He was offered land grants for himself and appointments to office un- der New York authority if he would use his influence, which was already recog- nized to be considerable, to support the New York side; but he spurned every attempt to induce him to betray the cause which had been intrusted to him. Then began the long struggle against the jurisdiction of New York, during the first few years of which, after New Hampshire had abandoned them, the set- tlers were practically without govern- ment, except such as they improvised for their towns, acknowledging no other au- thority except such as they agreed to among themselves for mutual protection. The sheriff of Albany County repeatedly came with posses of from 300 to 700 men to dispossess the farmers, but always without success, doubtless because the bor- dering people of New York, from whom the posses had to be recruited, had no heart in the work. Allen was the leader of this resistance before and after it took organized form. When a military organ- ization was formed, towards the close of 1771, and Allen was elected colonel, with Seth Warner, Remember Baker, Robert Cochran, Peleg Sunderland, Gideon Olin, and others as captains, this regiment took the name of "Green Mountain Boys," in derision and defiance of Governor Tryon of New York, who had threatened to "drive the settlers from their farms into the Green Mountains." They repeat- edly drove off the New York authorities. They protected one another from arrest. 10 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ALLEN They took in hand and disciplined any- body that ventured to survey or occupy lands under New York titles. Their method was generally that of the "beech seal," or, as Allen humorously described it, a "chastisement with the twigs of the wilderness, the growth of the land they coveted." The New York government, thus beaten at every point, in the winter of 1771-2 offered a reward of il50 for the capture of Allen and £50 for Baker and the others. Allen, Baker, and Cochran promptly met this with a counter proclamation, dated at Poultney, Feb. 5, 1772, reciting that "whereas James Duane and John Kempe of New York (prominent lawyers and ad- vocates of New York's claims) have by their menaces and threats greatly dis- turbed the public peace and repose of the honest peasants of Bennington and the settlements to the northward, * * * any person that will apprehend these common disturbers shall have £l5 reward for Duane and ilO for Kempe." In the opening days of the Revolu- tionary struggle Allen was among the most active of the patriots. He early dis- patched messengers with characteristic letters, to win over the Indians to the side of the colonies, or at least to neu- trality, and thereby he did an important service which was fell throughout the war. Many of the red men were in- duced to come to Newbury, some to settle and some to enter the colonial service as scouts and spies. Some were sent to Washington's camp, and some went to Canada, where they procured information that was highly valued by Washington and Schuyler. After hostilities had actual- ly begun with the battles of Lexington and Concord, and the colonies were fully launched into armed resistance against the mother country, plans were at once proposed for the taking of Fort Ticon- deroga and the other strongholds on the Champlain highway, along which any British invasions from Canada must necessarily come. Here again, Allen and his followers were in the lead. Early in May, a party of Green Mountain Boys were already assembled at Castleton for this enterprise under Allen's command, when a small force arrived from Connecti- cut and Massachusetts; also, Benedict Arnold, with a commission from the com- mittee of safety at Cambridge, Mass. Under this commission Arnold arrogantly claimed command of the expedition. The dispute for a time threatened to wreck the project. But the men from the Grants refused to serve under any lead- ers but their own; and Allen finally averted the difficulty by agreeing that, while he should command, Arnold might accompany him at the head of the at- tacking party. There was some confusion, and a par- tial miscarriage of plans to provide boats for crossing the lake; and, as dawn begin on the morning of May 10, only 83 men had crossed, while Seth Warner, with the remainder of the 270 men composing the expedition, was impatiently waiting on the Vermont side. Allen saw that no time was to be lost. He drew his men up in line, told them it was a desperate attempt that was about to be made, and gave all who wished the privilege of with- drawing, but asked those who were will- ing to follow him into the fort to poise their fire-locks. Instantly every fire- lock was poised. "Face to the right," he cried, and he marched the men in three files, himself at the head of the center file, to the gate. A sentry at the wicker gate snapped his fuse at Allen, who pur- sued him with upraised sword into the parade ground of the garrison. Allen then formed his men so as to face the two barracks, and ordered three huzzas. An- other sentry, who had slightly wounded an officer with a bayonet thrust, and been struck in the head by Allen's sword, begged for quarter, which was granted on condition that he show the way to the quarters of the commanding officer. Cap- tain Delaplace, which were in the second story of a barrack. Allen strode up the stairway and summoned Delaplace to come out instantly or the whole garrison would be sacrificed. Delaplace appeared at the door, trousers in hand, and asked by what authority . the demand was made, eliciting the reply, "In the name of the great Jehovah and the Continental Con- gress." The dazed commandant began further parley, but Allen, with drawn sword, and voice and manner that ad- mitted of no trifling, repeated his de- mand for an immediate surrender. Dela- place complied, and ordered his men to parade without arms. All were treated ALLEN] THE FOUNDERS 11 by Allen with characteristic generosity^ but as prisoners of war. The capture was made on the very day of the first as- sembling of the Revolutionary Congress. It was the first surrender of the British flag, and had a great efi^ect on the spirits of the country. The capture was followed by a rapid succession of brilliant strokes. On May 11, a detachment under Capt. Samuel Herrick captured Skeenesboro and the royalist Major Skeene, and seized a schooner and several bateaux there. War- ner with a detachment of one hundred men was dispatched to Crown Point, which he captured the same day, with thirteen men and sixty-one pieces of cannon. Allen and Arnold with their schooner and a bateaux sailed for St. Johns, where on the 18th Arnold, who in the schooner had outsailed Allen in the bateaux, captured a British armed sloop which was lying there. Thus, the whole of Lake Champlain within a little more than a week had fallen into the hands of the Revolutionists. With Ticonderoga were taken without a blow, not only a fortress that had cost Britain years of struggle and vast expenditures of blood and treasure, but stores of incalculable benefit to the army near Boston, includ- ing one hundred and twenty iron cannon, fifty swivels, ten tons of musket balls, three cart-loads of flints, a warehouse full of material for boat building, and a large quantity of other supplies and material. Allen proposed at once to follow up his success with the capture of Canada, which was almost depleted of British forces, there only being about seven hundred regulars in the province, a large part if not an actual majority of whose people were ready to rise in sympathy. He wrote to Congress May 29: "The Canadians (all except the noblesse) and also the In- dians appear at present to be very friend- ly to us ; and it is my humble opinion that the more vigorous the colonies push the war against the king's troops in Canada, the more friends we shall find in that country." He offered to "lay his life on it" that "with fifteen hundred men and a proper train of artillery," he would take Montreal. Then "there would be no in- superable difficulty to take Quebec." Lake Champlain, he shrewdly argued, was "the key of either Canada or our country, according as which party holds the same in possession and makes a proper improvement of it. The key is ours as yet, and, provided the colonies would suddenly push an army of two or three thousand men into Canada, they might make a conquest of all that would oppose them." Allen flooded the Continental Congress and the provincial Congresses of New York and Massachusetts with letters and petitions and arguments in favor of his project. He and Warner went to Phila- delphia and Albany to urge the scheme on the continental and provincial Congresses. They were received with considerable honor at both places, though they were still placarded as outlaws by the New York government. The result, after long urging, was that the New York Congress, on the recommendation of the continental body, authorized the raising of a regi- ment of Green Mountain Boys for serv- ice in the Continental army, to be com- manded by officers chosen by themselves. Allen proposed himself as commander of this regiment, and he was greatly morti- fied when a committee of towns met at Dorset, July 27, 1775, to choose a lieu- tenant-colonel to command the regiment, and elected Seth Warner by a vote of 41 to 5. Notwithstanding the high merit as an officer always displayed by Warner, it is difficult to account for this action, in view of Allen's recent achievements, the large capacity he had shown, and the unanimity with which he had been re- garded as the leader only a few weeks before. Allen himself, in a letter to Gov- ernor Trumbull of Connecticut, attributed it to "the old farmers v/ho do not incline to go to war," saying he was in the favor of the officers of the army and the young Green Mountain Boys. He still hoped, however, to get a commission from the Continental Congress. Remember Baker, Thomas Cochran, and Peleg Sunderland, who had been captains in the Green Mountain Boys from their organization, and who were on Allen's proposed list of captains for the new regiment, also failed to be elected. Meanwhile, Allen's efforts had borne fruit, and in view of her defenseless con- dition it was decided to send two armies into Canada before reenforcements could arrive from England. Arnold was to go 12 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ALLEN by way of the Kennebec, Schuyler and Montgomery by way of Lake Champlain and the Richelieu. Allen, who had nat- urally regarded himself as the logical leader of the enterprise, was not even in- cluded in the list of officers. When, how- ever, Schuyler invited him to accompany the expedition, with the understanding that he should be regarded as an officer, and have command of detachments as oc- casion required, he accepted. Schuyler sent him on several expeditions "preach- ing politics" and extending the work he had so hopefully begun of arousing and organizing the people of Canada, into sup- port of the Revolution. He met with sweep- ing success; the Canadians guided and guarded him through the woods; enthu- siastic crowds greeted him in the villages ; the Caughnawaga Indians, some of whom had been among the British skirmishers, sent him assurances that they would not take up arms on either side. September 20 he wrote to General Montgomery that he had 250 Canadians under arms, and that he could raise one or two thousand in a week's time, but would first visit the army with a less number and if neces- sary go again recruiting, and he added: "I swear by the Lord I can raise three times the number of our army in Canada, provided you continue the siege." While returning to camp, as he had written to Montgomery, Allen tnet Maj. John Brown, who was at the head of a force of about two hundred Americans and Canadians, and a plan was concocted between them and their officers to sur- prise and capture Montreal. Brown was to cross the St. Lawrence above the city and Allen below on the night of Sept. 23, and at a signal of three huzzas they were to attack simultaneously. Brown, for some reason never explained, failed to fulfill his part. Doubtless some unfore- seen obstacle prevented, for he was a brave and capable officer; but he was killed at Stone Arabia, in the Mohawk valley, in a battle with the Tories and Indians, Oct. 19, 1780, and his story ^bout the Montreal attack was never told. Allen crossed over with his force of 110 men, according to agreement, taking near- ly the whole night for the task, as he had but few canoes. When he failed to get the signal from Brown, he concluded to stand his ground, as he could not get off over a third of his force at a time, and the enemy would surely discover the at- tempt. So he dispatched a messenger to Brown and to L'Assomption, a French settlement where lived a Mr. Walker, who was on the side of the patriots, to hurry on assistance. Allen's hope was to hold his ground imtil aid could arrive, and Walker had raised a considerable force to march to him when he learned of his surrender. Allen had placed guards be- tween his position and the town, with orders to let nobody pass or repass. A good many prisoners were detained in this way early in the day, but one of them managed to escape and went to General Carleton in the city, who had made every preparation to take refuge in his ships, exposed the weakness of Allen's force, and it was decided to attack Allen in the mid- dle of the afternoon, before assistance could reach him. Carleton marched out with about five hundred men, chiefly Cana- dians and residents of the city, and in- cluding only forty regulars. Allen's force was made up of only 30 Americans and 80 Canadians, but he was in a well- selected position, and he defended it bravely and skillfully for an hour and three-quarters, until nearly all his Cana- dians had deserted him, when he finally surrendered with a force of thirty-one ef- fective men and seven wounded, on being assured good quarters for himself and men. Schuyler and Montgomery both com- mented severely in letters and reports on Allen's rashness in making the attack single-handed, and this view was excusable with the information they had at the time. They knew nothing apparently of the plan of concert with Brown, or how sure- ly it would have succeeded if Allen had had the co-operation he had a right to de- pend on. They only knew the conse- quences of defeat, which were so dis- astrous, putting "the French people into great consternation," as Warner wrote, and "changing the face of things," as a Tory wrote to Governor Franklin of New Jersey (the son of the great Benjamin Franklin). "The Canadians," he added, "were before nine-tenths for the Bos- tonians; they are now returned to thpir duty." The truth is that the attack in- stead of being a reckless exhibition of Allen's vanity was planned after a full ALLEN] THE FOUNDERS 13 consultation, on the united judgment of all the officers in both commands, and it only failed by one of those military ac- cidents which can never be provided against, in Brown's failure to co-operate. Carleton practically admits this in his re- port when he shows how poorly prepared Montreal was for attack, and how he was on the point of abandoning the city when he learned from the escaped prisoner of Allen's weakness. Allan's captivity was full of exciting and characteristic incidents. He had just handed over his sword when an Indian attempted to shoot him. Allen instantly twitched the officer to whom he had handed his sword between him and the savage. Then another attacked him, and Allen only saved himself from being mur- dered by twitching the officer around him with such swiftness that neither of the Indians could reach him without endanger- ing the officer, until another officer and an Irishman drove the Indians away. Allen then walked with the officers to Montreal, meeting in the barrack yard General Prescott, who, when he learned that it was the Colonel Allen of Ticonderoga fame, broke into a torrent of abuse, shook his cane over Allen's head, until the lat- ter shook his fist and assured the general that it would be "the beetle of mortality" for him if he struck. Then Prescott, ac- cording to Allen's narrative, ordered for- ward a sergeant's command to kill the thirteen Canadians who were included in the surrender. Allen stepped between the executioner and the prisoners, and told Prescott to thrust the bayonets into his breast, for he was the sole cause of the Canadians taking up arms. Prescott, after a little hesitation, replied with an oath: "I will not execute you now, but you shall grace a halter at Tyburn." Then began Allen's two years and seven months of captivity. He was first put on board the ship of war Gaspe in the har- bor and kept in irons six weeks. The leg irons he describes as weighing thirty or forty pounds with a bar eight feet long, and so heavy that he could only lie on his back. He wrote to Prescott and Carleton protesting against such usage and con- trasting it with that he had accorded to the prisoners he took at Ticonderoga, but without eliciting a reply, though he was finally transferred to another ship where he was very generously treated. But this polite treatment lasted less than a fort- night, when, on the appearance of Arnold before Quebec, Allen and the other pris- oners were placed on board a merchant- man, the Adamant, and shipped to Eng- land. Their treatment aboard this ship was most villainous. Thirty-four of them were confined, handcuffed, in a little room 20x22, so dark that they could not see one another, filled with vermin and an intolerable stench, without an adequate supply of water, where, suffering from diarrhea and fever, they were compelled to eat, sleep, and perform all the offices of life. Allen protested against it as a disgrace to honor and humanity, but was told that it was good enough for a rebel. In the course of the dispute a lieutenant among the Tories spit in his face. Allen, handcuffed as he was, sprang upon him, knocked him partly down, pursued him in fury to the cabin, where the lieutenant, thoroughly frightened, put himself under the protection of a file of men with fixed bayonets. Upon their arrival at Falmouth, Eng- land, Allen and his men were con- fined in Pendennis Castle, near that city. The government was evidently puzzled just what to do with him. Bets were made in London that he would be hanged; but the Tory ministry hesitated to take this step, through fear of the great Whig leaders, who favored a more conciliatory policy toward the colonies. In the story of his captivity which he afterward pub- lished, he relates that an attempt was made to bribe him into joining the royal- ist cause. An "officer of high rank," whose name does not appear, was sent to him to represent that the injuries he had suffered from New York arose from an abuse of an order in council, and if he would return to allegiance to the king he should have a full pardon, his lands be restored to him, he and his men sent back to Boston, and he placed in command of a company of rangers ; but if he refused they must all be disposed of as the law directs — a delicate way of intimating that he would grace a gallows. Allen only makes a brief allusion to this incident. But the event shows that he spurned the bribe and dared the government to do its worst. His bold demeanor won the sym- pathy of liberal-minded people. He 14 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ALLEN learned afterwards, he says, that there was a move for a writ of habeas corpus to obtain for him his Iberty. At length, at a cabinet meeting on Dec. 27, it was decided that he and his associates should be sent back to America and detained there as prisoners of war. Early in January, 1776, they were ac- cordingly placed on board a man-of-war, and Allen put in irons. They were taken first to Cork Harbor, Ireland, then to the North Carolina coast, and later to Hali- fax, where they were kept for several months, being transferred from one ship to another and treated with various de- grees of inhumanity as the temper of the different commanding officers dictated. Finally, in November, 1776, they were landed in New York, then in British con- trol, where Allen was placed on parole, and remained for eighteen months in com- parative comfort, though he tells a har- rowing story of the way in which the pri- vate soldiers were treated. He exerted himself a good deal to alleviate their con- dition, but with little success. Of the thirty-one men captured with him two died in imprisonment, three were ex- changed, and all the rest made their es- cape at one time or another. It was while at New York that the second attempt was made to seduce his allegiance, by an of- ficer who came to his lodgings, told him that his fidelity, though in a wrong cause, had recommended him to General Howe, who wished to make him colonel of a regi- ment of Tories; proposed to send him back to England to be introduced to Lord George Germaine, and probably to the king, and return with Burgoyne; he should be paid richly in gold, and receive for his services in reducing the country a large tract of land in Connecticut or Vermont, as he preferred. According to his own story he refused the offer with characteristic emphasis, likening it to the temptation of "our Saviour" in the wilder- ness. Allen was exchanged May 3, 1778, for Col. Alexander Campbell, and after two days of courteous entertainment at Gen- eral Campbell's headquarters crossed New Jersey to Valley Forge, where he was en- tertained by Washington for several days and received marked honors from Put- nam, Gates, Lafayette, Steuben and all the officers and men who were heroically maintaining the country's cause in its very darkest hour. He wrote a letter to Congress offering his services to the cause in any capacity where he could be useful, and then proceeded to Bennington, going most of the way in company with Gates, everywhere being received with acclama- tions by the people, and reaching home Sunday evening. May 31, where the ex- pressions of love and enthusiasm could not be restrained, even in that orthodox popu- lace, and cannon boomed welcome from the people, who had long supposed him dead. Fourteen guns were fired, one for each state and one for Vermont. His brother Heman had just died at Salis- bury, Conn., while he was on his journey home. His only son had died during his captivity. His wife, in feeble health, and four daughters were in Sunderland. He at once asserted his old powers of leadership. David Redding had been con- victed of treason and sentenced to be hanged. A rehearing had been petitioned for on the ground that his conviction was a violation of the common law, being by a jury of six instead of twelve. Governor Chittenden had granted a reprieve to June 11. The populace, very bitter against Redding, was disappointed, angry, and threatening to take the law into its own hands, when Allen appeared and cried: "Attention, the whole!" and he proceeded to explain the illegality of the trial, and told the people to go home and return in a week, and they should "see a man hung; if not Redding, I will be." The crowd obeyed. Allen was ap- pointed attorney for the state at the next trial, and he secured Redding's conviction. He was selected to write a reply to a proclamation of clemency issued by Gov- ernor Clinton the February previous, in which the New York governor charged Vermont's wrongs to the British govern- ment while New York was a colony, and offered to recall the outlawry act, to re- voke all unjust preference in grants, re- duce the quit rents to the New Hamp- shire basis, make the fees of patents rea- sonable, and confirm all grants made by New Hampshire. Allen's reply, in a pamphlet, was skillful, and made clear the impracticability of what seemed and doubtless was intended to be a fair propo- sition. He showed that as a matter of fact most of the New Hampshire and Massa- ALLEN] THE FOUNDERS 15 chusetts grants had been covered by New York patents and that as a matter of law it was impossible for New York to can- cel her former grants, and cited the opin- ion of the lords of trade to that effect. Many people had been eager to accede to Governor Clinton's terms, but Allen's argument was so strong, the rights of self- government so well stated, that the tide of public opinion was completely turned. Probably it prevented a dissolution of the state government. Here again, as well as in the initial stages of the controversy, was it true, as his best biographer, Henry Hall, says: "But for him the state of Vermont would probably never have ex- isted." -- He was three times sent on embassies to Congress, first in August, 1778, with ref- erence to the trouble with New Hamp- shire over the "Eastern union." He per- formed the delicate duties with great tact and reported, strongly advising the dissolu- tion of that union and saying that unless it was done "the nation will annihilate Ver- mont." He was again sent in 1779 with Jonas Fay, to defend the new state's ac- tion, and to show Congress, as they wrote July 1, 1779, that they were "willing that every part of the conduct of the people we represent should at any convenient time be fully laid before the Grand Coun- cil of America," but, considering all the embarrassments of the country, "would be far from urging a decision * * until you can have leisure to take it up deliberate- ly." The third mission was with Fay, Stephen R. Bradley, Moses Robinson and Paul Spooner in 1780 to defend Vermont's case against the claims of all three of the adjoining states, and the duties were per- formed with skill and address. He was also, Oct. 19, 1799, appointed agent to wait on the Council and General Court of Massachusetts to negotiate for an abandonment of the pretensions which the latter state had raised to jurisdiction over Vermont, and to secure her acknowl- edgment of Vermont's independence. He was, in October, 1779, though not a mem- ber of the Assembly, appointed chairman of a committee, consisting of himself, Reuben Jones, Nathan Clark, and John Fassett, "to form the outlines of a plan to be pursued for defense before Congress against the neighboring states in conse- quence of a late act of that body." He was repeatedly appointed on legislative committees when not a member. He was elected to the Legislature from Arlington, though his "usual home" was in Benning- ton and his family lived in Sunderland, and he was allowed to act, though he re- fused to take the oath expressing belief in the divine inspiration of the Bible and profession of the Protestant religion. His military service after his release from captivity was confined entirely to his own state. Congress gave him the commis- sion of brevet .brigadier-general, but did not call him into the field. Perhaps the reason was the suspicion of his loyalty that soon became rife. The third effort to seduce him was publicly known before he knew it. The Legislature made him major-general and commander-in-chief of the Vermont militia, and he held the po- sition for two years, but no active service was required except to guard the frontiers. In February, 1780, Col. Beverly Robin- son, a Virginia Tory, wrote him a letter alluding to the Vermont feeling over its treatment by Congress and inviting a ne- gotiation with the British. The letter was delivered to him on the streets of Arling- ton in July. Allen showed it to Gover- nor Chittenden and the leading men of the state, and it was decided to pay no atten- tion to it. The next March, however, while the Haldimand negotiation was in full progress, Allen sent the letter, with a duplicate which Robinson had im- patiently forwarded, to Congress, with a long screed of his own, well calculated to impress Congress with the idea that it was running a great risk of driving Vermont to the other side by its unjust treatment. He said he was confident Congress would not dispute his sincere attachment to the cause of his country, though he did not hesitate to declare that he was fully "grounded in the opinion that Vermont had an indubitable right to agree on terms of cessation of hostilities with Great Britain, provided the United States persisted in rejecting her applica- tion for a union with them; for Vermont of all people would be the most miserable were she obliged to defend the independ- ence of the United States, and they at the same time claiming full liberty to over- turn and ruin the independence of Ver- mont." He closed with the characteristic words: "I am as resolutely determined to 16 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ALLEN defend the independence of Vermont as Congress is that of the United States, and rather than fail, will retire with my hardy- Green Mountain Boys into the desolate caverns of the mountains and wage war with human nature at large." The Haldimand negotiations are more fully discussed in the sketch of Ira Al- len, whose consummate shrewdness con- ducted them to success. Ethan Allen was in the secret of them all, and at the time had to bear more of the suspicion and odium than any other man, but his part was chiefly that of counsellor, with very little of the active work. There is reason for believing that he told Washington all about them in the beginning, and that the policy of protecting Vermont by fooling the British had the tacit approval of the country's chieftain. There is no chance for reasonable belief that Allen ever for a moment contemplated treason to the American cause; he had twice spurned of- fers when far more alluring. He was con- stantly and carefully looking after the arms and equipments of the state, to keep her in the best condition for defense. In December, 1780, even while the charges of treason were getting loudest against him, he was negotiating with Governor Trumbull of Connecticut for two tons of powder, to resist an invasion from Can- ada. He offered, April 14, 1781, when there seemed to be a chance that the Brit- ish could no longer be kept off by diplo- macy, in a letter to Governor Clinton, his own services and those of two other Ver- mont officers to defend New York against invaders. The only question is whether in his de- ceit of the British he went beyond the lines of honor. The worst piece of evi- dence is a letter written to Haldimand, June 16, 1782, and closing with these words: "I shall do everything in my pow- er to render this a British province." The letter was unsigned, but has generally been believed to have been written by him. Allen, as commander of the Vermont army in 1781, concluded a truce with the British forces while the negotiations were in progress, and he got the northern parts and frontier of New York included in it. He reported these doings to Colonel Web- ster and General Schuyler, and warned the latter of a project to capture his per- son, assuring him that the "surmises of my corresponding with the enemy to the prejudice of the United States are wholly without foundation." Captain Sherwood, who came to Allen's headquarters at Castleton as an envoy from Haldimand, reported Allen as bargaining hypothet- ically for himself and for the state, but the report of his terms concludes with this significant condition: "If, however. Con- gress should grant Vermont a seat in that assembly as a separate state, then these negotiations to be at an end and be kept secret on both sides." But the wildest reports of his treachery flew about the country. Some of them even represented him at the head of British troops in Canada. The feeling grew at home and finally focused in an arraign- ment before the Legislature in November, 1782, for misconduct in the armistice. This is what appears in the "Governor and Council" minutes as the "Captain Hotchkiss Resolutions." The record is very meagre. Fay and Bradley, who were on his staff at Castleton, testified, and ap- parently convinced all that nothing im- proper had been done. Allen resigned his commission, evidently deeply hurt that after all he had done for the people he should be subject to such suspicion, that, as he said, "such false and ignominious aspersions" were entertained against him for a moment, and he indignantly left the house, declaring that he would "hear no more of it." The Legislature appointed a committee of two to express the state's thanks for Allen's services, and then ac- cepted the resignation which Allen had of- fered "because there was uneasiness among some of the people on account of his command;" but he patriotically said he would ever be ready "to serve the state according to his abilities," if ever neces- sary. The next spring he was chosen gen- eral of the brigade of militia, but refused to accept, though with a repetition of his promise to serve the state in an un- official ■ capacity in case of need. In De- cember, 1781, when New York attempted force to get control of the state, Allen was present with the force of Vermont militia that defeated the project, not nominally in command, but evidently at the request of Governor Chittenden, as his account against the state for that service was allowed. ALLEN] THE FOUNDERS 17 The rest of his days were passed in private life, but with recognition on every side as the leader of the state. In 1782 he was called to the field, as he had been two years previously, to quiet the rebel- lious "Yorkers" in Windham county, and when his party was fired on by ambushed men in Guilford he walked into the town on foot and gave his famous warning that unless the inhabitants of the town peace- fully submitted to the authority of the state of Vermont he would "lay it as deso- late as Sodom and Gomorrah." When Shay's rebellion was started in MassachiT- setts, messengers were sent to him offering him the chief command, but he contemptu- ously refused it, ordered the messengers out of the state, notified the Massachu- setts authorities, and also exerted himself vigorously to prevent the insurgents from making Vermont a place of refuge. Though so long posted as an outlaw, though a leader of revolutionists and a discourser on human rights through all his active career, and though seemingly so recklessly extravagant in his talk, he was always the friend of law and order. In 1787 he moved to Burlington, where he devoted himself to farming. He died, Feb. 12, 1789, at the age of only fifty- one, soon after returning from South Hero, where he had been for a load of hay, and had spent the afternoon and evening previous, at the invitation of Col. Eben- ezer Allen, with a party of old friends. On the journey his negro attendant spoke to him several times and received no re- ply, and on reaching home he was found to be unconscious with apoplexy. He died a few hours later. He was buried with military honors, and his remains rest in Green Mount Cemetery in Burlington, overlooking the beautiful valley of the Winooski. The Legislature in 1855 or- dered a monument to be erected over his grave, a Tuscan column of granite 42 feet high, and 4 1-2 feet in diameter. A com- manding statue of him designed by Mead, of Vermont marble, stands in the portico of the capitol at Montpelier. Another by the same great sculptor, of Italian marble, is in the capitol at Washington. The earliest statue of him was modeled by B. H. Kinney, a ■ native of Sunderland, back in the early fifties. It was pro- nounced by aged people who had seen him an excellent likeness, but it is still pri- vate property. A fourth statue of heroic size, designed by Peter Stevenson, was unveiled at Burlington, July 4, 1873, and surmounts the Allen monument. Much that Allen wrote has been pre- served to the present day. Among his works, besides those mentioned on pre- vious pages, was his "Vindication of Ver- mont and Her Right to Form an Inde- pendent State," a forceful argument of 172 pages, written in 1779 and published under authority of the Governor and Council. In 1779 also appeared his "Narrative of My Captivity," from which his biographers have got much of their material. In 1778 appeared his "An- imadversary Address" in answer to Gov- ernor Clinton; in 1780, "Concise Refuta- tion of the Claims of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and New York to the Ter- ritory of Vermont," which he and Jonas Fay had prepared with much care; and in 1782 a "Defense of the Eastern and Western Unions." In 1774 his most am- bitious pamphlet on the New York con- troversy appeared, a document of over 200 pages and an exhaustive discussion of the historical aspect of the case, showing that prior to the royal order of 1764 New York had no claim to extend easterly to the Connecticut river. In 1784 he brought out the work on which he expected his fame to rest, his "Oracles of Reason," printed at Bennington, which he called a "compendious system of natural religion," and consisting as he described it of "the untutored logic and sallies of a mind nursed principally in the mountain wilds of America." It was a volume of 477 pages, an infidel work, denying the in- spiration of the scriptures, but energetic in its expressions of veneration for the being and perfection of the Deity and its firm belief in the immortality of the soul. It was laid a good deal on the same lines as Paine's "Age of Reason," without Paine's caustic style of debate, but with a larger and healthier view of things eternal. There was a presumptuous tone to it that greatly marred it, and yet much of high ideals, of humanitarian sentiment, and of insight beyond things material into things spiritual. ALLEN, Ira. Born Cornwall, Conn., April 21, 1751 ; sixth and youngest son of Joseph and Mary (Baker) Allen; died 18 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEMIONT BIOGRAPHY [ALLEN Philadelphia, Pa., Jan. 15, 18U. Mar- ried Jerusha, daughter of Gen. Roger Enos. He received a good English educa- tion, and became a practical surveyor while still very young. He came to Ver- mont before he was twenty. He entered with zeal into various land speculations, and was a member of the "Onion River Land Company," which consisted, besides himself, of his brothers, Ethan, Heman, and Zirmi, with Remember Baker, and which became the most extensive pro- prietor of land in the state. He served as a member of the "Green Mountain Boys," was a lieutenant in Warner's regiment in the Canada cam- paign in the fall of 1775, and was se- lected by Montgomery as one of the two oificers for the confidential trust of at- tacking Cape Diamond and throwing rockets as a signal for three other de- tachments to attack Quebec on the night of Montgomery's attempt on the city. He was appointed secretary of the commit- tee of safety as soon as it was formed and served until its labors closed. He it was, who after the retaking of Ticonderoga by the British, when the settlements seemed helpless before the on-coming army of Burgoyne, conceived the scheme of con- fiscating the estates of the Tories to raise money to equip and support troops, and as a result within a week a regiment of men was in the field. He sent expresses at his own expense in every direction with news of the disaster, and appeals for prompt forwarding of troops. In the ter- ror of the time no one else, even among the military commanders, attended to this, and it may not be too much to say that the victory at Bennington was due to the energy and the wise provision of Ira Al- len. He organized scouting parties that gathered full information of the enemy's movements and forwarded it by express in all directions, with such encourage- ments as it warranted that the enemy could be met and repulsed. He sent time- ly warnings of the expedition to Ben- nington, so that it was by no accident that Stark and the New Hampshire troops and the Berkshire militia arrived in season to repulse and crush it. He helped to con- cert the measures for the recapture of Ti- conderoga, Crown Point and the strong posts in his rear that helped so much to- wards the ruin of Burgoyne. He did all this when the new state was without funds or credit, as well as without organization, when near three-fourths of the people of the west side of the mountain had fled from their homes, and a large part of those of the east side were disposed to favor New York's claims, when weak nerved and weak principled men were flocking to Burgoyne and taking the oath of alle- giance to the Crown, and when, besides the danger of invasion from the British and the savages, the late proceedings of Con- gress had shown partiality towards New York, and the embryonic state had every reason to expect hostile action. He staked not only large amounts of his . money, but his life, on the chance of win- ning victory out of this seemingly des- perate situation. His actual military serv- ice in the Revolution, ended with the retreat from Canada in 1776, but he soon became captain, then colonel and finally major-general of the state militia. He was also a member of the board of war during nearly the whole of the Revolu- tion. He was nearly always the agent of the state, either alone or with others, in dealing with Congress and with New Hampshire and New York. On the organization of the new state government, in 1778, he was chosen a member of the council, and was its secre- tary. He was also elected state treasurer at the beginning and held that office for nine years, and was surveyor-general about the same time, luitil the jealousies and antagonisms that accumulated against him, the complaints that he was holding "so many offices," resulted in his defeat in 1786, with widely-believed charges of corruption soon following, and though they were afterwards cleared away and it was shown that he had been constantly aiding the state with his money instead of making money out of it, enough of the cloud clung to the old suspicion about the Haldimand negotiation to somewhat shadow his subsequent career. In the elec- tions of 1784 and 1785 he failed as can- didate for state treasurer before the peo- ple, and was only elected by the joint as- sembly. He was dropped from the gover- nor's council after a year of service in 1785, and the Assembly on the last day of the session of the latter year, aimed a bill at him to annul his surveys and dis- continue his work as surveyor general. ALLEN] THE FOUNDERS 19 which the council succeeded in postponing to the next session. He became in 1791 the first treasurer of the town of Colches- ter, and represented that town eight times in the General Assembly. The Haldimand negotiations must form a chief feature of Allen's biography. The fact was that, beginning with a cartel for the exchange of prisoners which was con- cluded with the Vermont authorities when it was refused to Washington, these ne- gotiations brought about a truce between Vermont and the British forces, which was extended through the last three cam- paigns of the war, while emissaries and spies passed back and forth in great pro- fusion, and the hope was kept dangling before the British that the state would desert the cause of the Revolution and return to allegiance to the Crown. Several times the negotiations went so far as to discuss the terms of settlement and to fix dates for it; but Ira Allen as the prin- cipal negotiator was sure to turn up with some plausible reason for postponing de- cisive action. It is notable that in all the correspondence and negotiations, includ- ing the conversations as reported by the English representatives, there was never once a single profession of loyalty to the king on the part of the Vermont leaders. The participants on the Vermont side took particular pains to protect them- selves in history. Early in the negotia- tions they put on paper a record of their purpose in the form of a certificate for AUen prepared in June, 1781, and signed by all the eight men in the secret, Jonas and Joseph Fay, Samuel Safford, Sam- uel and Moses Robinson, Governor Chit- tenden, Timothy Brownson, and John Fassett. This certificate stated ex- plicitly that the scheme was adopted "to make them (the British authorities) believe Vermont had a desire to negotiate a treaty of peace," and because it was beyond the power of the state to defend itself by arms, and that "we think it to be a necessary political manoeuvre to save the frontier of this state." Whether in the ethics of war such deception as was practiced on the British was justifiable, is another question. But at least it can be said that it was a necessity, the only thing the Vermonters could do. The only al- ternatives were to absolutely desert to the British side, suffer ruinous invasion. or commit political suicide by surrender- ing to New York, and then without any certainty of protection against the British. And it was the most useful thing for the American cause that could possibly have been done; for it kept an army of ten thousand men idle on the border in Can- ada. It really made possible the Yorktown movement, which would have been well- nigh impracticable with such an army be- sides Clinton's left in Washington's rear. Washington knew of the negotiations at least a month before the surrender of Cornwallis and he understood its purpose. Allen played with consummate address during these negotiations not only a double, but a triple, and even a quadruple game. While he was fanning the British hopes to their highest, he was an agent before Congress to urge the admission of the state and resist the claims to jurisdic- tion of New York and New Hampshire; was negotiating with the Legislature and authorities of New Hampshire and the commander of the New York troops to avert bloodshed pending a decision by Congress over the conflicting claims in re- gard to the East and West Unions; and in the meanwhile converted to the sup- port of the new state Luke Knowlton, who had been sent to Philadelphia by the ad- herents of New York in Cumberland County, which then comprised practically the territory of the present Windsor and Windham Counties. The nerve, the re- sourcefulness, and the comprehension of human motives by which he kept all these schemes afloat, and the people of his own state passably well satisfied at the same time, were little short of marvelous. They had a good illustration in the hearing be- fore the Vermont Legislature in June, 1781, on a resolution for an inquiry into the rumor of a secret treaty with Canada. Allen knew that there were several spies from Canada among the spectators. How could he answer the inquiry so as to satisfy the suspicious Vermont patriots without undeceiving the British authorities as' soon as his words were reported to them? But he did it with a frankness that was praised by both sides. Governor Chitten- den led off, stating how he had, at the request of several persons who had friends prisoners in Canada, appointed Colonel Allen to meet a British commis- sioner to arrange for an exchange, and 20 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ALLEN how the latter had succeeded after con- siderable difficulty in accomplishing it^ though no such exchanges had taken place with the United States or any in- dividual state in the northern department. For further particulars he would refer them to Colonel Allen. The latter told how^ having made his report to the governor and council, not expecting to be called on, he had left his commission and papers at home; but he was ready to make a verbal statement, or if desired he would go home and produce the writings for the inspection of the Legislature. They called for the papers and the next day he appeared with them, read them seemingly without skip or hesi- tation, made a short verbal explanation which seemed to show that the British had exhibited great generosity in the busi- ness, and narrated sundry occurrences that indicated that there was a fervent wish for peace among the British officers, and that the English government was as tired of the war as the United States ; and he concluded by inviting any member of the Legislature or any auditor in the gallery who wished to ask any further questions to do so and he was ready to answer them. But "all seemed," to use his words, "satis- fied that nothing had been done incon- sistent to the interests of the states," and many of those who had before been most suspicious complimented him for his "open and candid conduct." That even- ing he had a conference with the spies from Canada, and they also had nothing but praise for the devotion he had shown to the cause of union with Britain ! Meanwhile, in 1779, AUen visited the Legislatures of New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania, and Maryland to enlist their support in favor of Vermont's claims to recognition as a separate state apart from any pretensions to jurisdiction which might be asserted by New York, New Hampshire, or Massachusetts. In 1780, with Stephen R. Bradley, and in the following year, in connection with a number of others, he appeared as an agent before the Continental Congress in furtherance of the same end; and it was largely through his unfailing tact, his adroitness, and his skill in clever polit- ical manipulation that the question of Vermont's partition between the ad- joining states was postponed until the close of the war and that Vermont re- mains to-day a sovereign commonwealth. His official services to the state closed in 1790, when he was member of the com- mission on th» part of Vermont that final- ly settled the protracted controversy with New York and cleared the way for the admission of the state into the Union. He was the father of the University of Vermont. On Oct. 14, 1789, he presented a memorial to the Legislature for the establishment of the college with subscrip- tions amounting to £5643, of which he contributed £4000, and the charter was granted Nov. 8, 1791- The financial ruin which afterward overtook him caused the abandonment of his schemes for the advancement of the institution; but the services which he rendered it can scarcely be overestimated, and annually "Founder's Day" is celebrated by the university in his honor. He became interested also in projects for a commercial treaty with Canada, and for canals connecting Lake Champlain with both the St. Lawrence and the Hudson. In 1795 Allen went to Europe for his canal enterprise and on a commission from Governor Chittenden to purchase arms for the state. He got nothing but fair words from the British cabinet in return for his exertions for the canal, but he. se- cured twenty-four cannon and twenty thou- sand muskets in France, and with them took ship for home. But the ship was captured by an English cruiser, and seized with the whole cargo on a charge that it was designed to aid the rebellion in Ireland. Allen showed conclusively by evidence secured from Vermont that the charge was untrue and the arms pur- chased for the purpose he represented. But it took eight years of litigation to do it, and the enormous expense of it, with the neglect of his affairs at home, ruined him. He at one time estimated his real estate in Vermont to be worth on proper appraisal from $1,000,000 to $1,500,000. He may have included in this estimate the shares of his four brothers and of Re- member Baker, of whose estate he was administrator, but there is no doubt that he was enormously wealthy, or that while he was in Europe he was robbed right and left with claims of fraudulent title, executions, and tax sales. He had ac- cumulated considerable unpopularity at BAKER] THE FOUNDERS 21 homCj having had a long controversy over his accounts as state treasurer as well as surveyor-generalj and had once gone so far, in 1792, as to begin a suit against the state in the United States circuit court, and these things were of material assistance to the people who were plundering him. Finally, wearied with lawsuits, broken in health and fortune, and even jailed at Burlington by exact- ing creditors, he made his escape and fled from the state for which he had done so much. He lived in Philadelphia the last few years of his life, where he died in poverty, and was buried in a stranger's grave in the Free Quaker Burial Ground, with no stone to mark the spot. It is only in comparatively recent years that his immense services to Vermont, far outweighing the more theatric services of his brother Ethan, have come to be right- ly estimated. In tardy acknowledgment of the state's debt to him, it was pro- posed early in the present century to dis- inter his remains at Philadelphia and bury them honorably in Vermont soil; but a thorough search failed to disclose the location of his grave, and his ashes lie unidentified far from the state which was so late in giving him his just credit. BAKER, Remember. Born Woodbury, Conn., and baptized June 9, 1737; son of Remember and Desire (Warner) Baker; killed during the American invasion of Canada in the fall of 1775. A cousin of the Aliens, and, by marriage, of Seth Warner ; one of the men for whose head New York offered a reward; was among the most influential and useful of the early leaders and was fast growing towards a larger fame when his life was cut off at the age of thirty-eight. In early youth he lost his father, who was shot by a neighbor while out hunting, and he was apprenticed to a joiner, where he learned to read and write and acquired the habits of prudence, energy and self-reliance that served him so well in after years. At the age of eighteen he served in the expe- dition against Canada in the French war and saw much service about Lakes George and Champlain, and in this way acquired much knowledge of Vermont lands and their attractiveness. He was present at Ticonderoga when Abercrombie fell. He rose to be an officer before the war closed, and gained much distinction by his bravery and discretion. He came to Ver- mont with the first wave of immigration to the west side, in 176S, at the age of twenty-six, and spent much time exploring lands and hunting, and a year later he settled in Arlington, where he built the first grist mill on the grants north of Bennington, which attracted many set- tlers to that vicinity, and identified him- self unreservedly with the cause of the settlers when the trouble with New York arose. He is described as cool and tem- perate in council, but resolute and deter- mined in action. He usually wished to in- flict severer penalties on the Yorkers than his companions. Perhaps his own tough experience afforded some reason, for, stimulated by the reward offered, an at- tempt was made in March, 1772, to cap- ture him, by a dozen partisans of New York under the lead of one John Monroe. They broke into his house in the dawn of a Monday morning, pounded and mal- treated his children, attempted to slash his wife with a sword, and even to fire the building after plundering it. Baker at first attempted to defend himself in his cham- ber, but to draw the attention of his assail- ants from his family burst a board from the end of the house, escaped and ran. Then, according to the story written by Ethan Allen for the Hartford Courant, they set a large dog upon him, overtook him, pinioned him, refused to allow him to dress — for he was just as he arose from the bed — threw him into a carriage where they clubbed and cut and slashed him unmercifully imtil blood streamed from various parts of the body, and then drove rapidly towards Albany. Three men. who pursued were fired upon by Monroe's party, and robbed of all their effects to the amount of $40. But another rescuing party was formed at Arlington as soon as the news of the kidnapping spread, and pursued with such vigor that it came up with Monroe's gang at Hudson's Ferry, just opposite Albany, drove the captors off, and took Baker back in triumph to Arlington. Baker was with Allen as a cap- tain at Ticonderoga, and also with the regiment of Green Mountan Boys when the invasion of Canada was begun in the fall following. When Schuyler took com- mand of the northern department he sent Baker ahead to reconnoiter the enemy's 22 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [HEEKICK position and obtain information of the military situation in Canada, and it was while out on this duty that he was shot by the Indians in the vicinity of St. Johns. He was not only a brave and capable officer and a progressive business man, but he was a kind neighbor and he relieved the distress of many a family. He left five children, one of whom, also named Remember, became a lawyer of some note in New York state. HEREICK, Col. Samuel. One of the romantic figures of the Revolution and the few years before, and that is all we know of him. He came to Bennington about 1768, and soon after the Revolution moved to Springfield, N. Y., but prior to and after that time his career is a blank to written history. He was a captain in the Ticonderoga expedition, and was de- tailed by Allen with a party of thirty men to capture Skeenesboro (now White- hall and take into custody Major Skeene and his party. He succeeded com- pletely, secured the young man and a schooner and several bateaux with which they hastened to Ticonderoga. In the summer of 1777 he was made colonel of a regiment of rangers which the council of safety ordered raised to help meet Bur- goyne's invasion. He and his rangers annoyed Burgoyne, obstructed his advance by felling trees over the roads and rolling stones in his path, so that Burgoyne was compelled to cross Fort Ann Mountain with his heavy train of artillery by a road that was almost impassable. They harassed his rear, cut off his supplies, and in a thousand ways did the work of genuine "rangers" to increase the dif- ficulties of the British descent. It was a work which contributed materially to the final ruin of the invasion, and for it the credit is due the council of safety which ordered him to keep it up, while Schuyler was continually ordering him to abandon it and join the defensive army in the front of Burgoyne. He was at the battle of Bennington with such of this regiment as had then been enlisted and a body of local militia as a separate de- tachment, making a body of 300 men with which he led the attack on the rear of Baum's right simultaneously with the as- saults of Colonels Nichols, Hubbard and Stickney on other parts of the line, and he did his part of that glorious day's work skillfully and gallantly. In September of the same year he and the Rangers with Colonel Brown's regiment gained the com- mand of Lake George, drove the British from Mounts Independence, Defiance, and Hope, and forced their evacuation of Ti- conderoga. He was afterwards in com- mand of the southwestern regiment of the state militia and did active service on sev- eral occasions. The council in February, 1778, ordered a battalion of six companies to be raised under command of Herrick to aid a proposed attack of Lafayette on St. Johns, but the enterprise was given up. Herrick received a special letter of thanks from Gates and one from the Ver- mont council for his part in the Lake George expedition. WARNER, Seth. Born Roxbury,Conn., May 17, 1743; son of Dr. Ebenezer War- ner; died in his native town Dec. 26, 1784. The ablest soldier of Vermont's formative period. He early joined in the movement to the New Hampshire Grants, which were beginning to be settled since the close of the French and Indian war. He came to Bennington in 1765. He had only a common school education, but possessed some knowledge of botany, and was an ardent huntsman; and, judging from his circumstances, it has been sug- gested that he gave perhaps more atten- tion to the chase and to his botanical studies than to the more prosaic duties of the farm. He was once or twice a mem- ber of conventions of the settlers, but had little ambition to play a part in the politics of the time. He took his share, however, in resisting the aggressions of the New York authorities. Though his farm was situated outside the village of Bennington and less than a mile from the New York border, and despite the fact that large rewards were offered for his ar- rest, the Yorkers never succeeded in cap- turing him. Once a New York officer, armed to the teeth, found and attempted to arrest him. Warner wounded and dis- armed the man, but with the spirit of a soldier spared his life. Warner was, in 1771, elected by a con- vention a captain of one of the companies in the regiment of Green Mountain Boys organized to resist New York. Four years later, in May, 1775, he joined Ethan WARNER] THE FOUNDERS 23 Allen in the expedition against Ticon- deroga; but, owing to the neglect to pro- vide enough boats to transport the whple party to the New York side^ he was left with the bulk of the expedition on the east shore of the lake, and so was not present at the actual capture of the for- tress. The next day, however, he was sent with a detachment of men to take Crown Point, which he accomplished suc- cessfully, the fortress surrendering at the first summons. He earnestly sec- onded Allen's efforts for an invasion of Canada, going with him to Philadelphia and Albany to urge it on the Continental and Provincial Congresses. It looked for a time as if the controversy between New York and the people on the Grants was to disappear in the enthusiasm over the capture of Ticonderoga, for not only were Allen and Warner cordially received when they appeared before the Provincial Congress, but they were both willing and eager to lead troops raised under New York authority; and the Congress passed a resolution authorizing the raising of a regiment among the Vermonters to be commanded by officers chosen by them- selves. Allen, colonel of the Green Mountain Boys, and now in the first flush of his fame as the hero of Ticonderoga, expected to be chosen as a matter of course to lead the new regiment; and he was much chagrined, accordingly, when, in July, 1775, the convention from the towns to name the officers elected Warner to the command by a vote of 41 to 5. The New York government, however, failed to send Warner his commission, and it was left to General Montgomery, after the regi- ment's arrival in Canada, to order him to act as colonel and that he be obeyed as such. Moreover, New York, repenting of her short-lived magnanimity toward the settlers in the Grants, renewed her de- nunciations of Warner, and endeavored to persuade the Continental authorities to disband the regiment; yet it was but little more than a year after this that New York was relying mainly on Warner and this regiment for the protection of her own frontiers — an arduous and exhausting service which they cheerfully rendered. When the invasion of Canada was finally begun in the fall of 1775, Warner joined it within three days. Montgomery, besieging St. John's, which was defended by some 700 troops under the command of Colonel McLean, promptly sent him with a part of his men to the St. Law- rence and vicinity of Montreal to watch the motions of the enemy. With 300 men he repulsed General Carleton when the latter attempted with 800 men to join McLean and raise the siege. Warner watched the British as they em- barked from Montreal, permitted them to approach very near the south shore of the river, and then poured a hot fire into them, throwing them into disorder and compelling a retreat. It was weU and gallantly done. After this success, he erected a battery at the mouth of the Sorel to command the passage of the St. Lawrence and block up Carleton in Mon- treal. Carleton managed to escape down the river to Quebec, and Montgomery took possession of Montreal November 13. But General Prescott, attempting to escape with a number of armed vessels loaded with provisions and military stores, was captured at the mouth of the Sorel with 120 men. Warner also com- manded at an action at Longueil, for which Montgomery commended his bravery and prudence. November 20, as the regiment was too miserably clad to endure a winter's cam- paign, Montgomery discharged it with peculiar marks of respect. But the men had hardly reached home when General Wooster wrote Warner, telling of the desperate straits the invading army was in after the repulse at Quebec, and the sickness and desertions from which it was suffering, and urging him to raise a body of men and hasten to their support. "Let them come," General Wooster wrote, "by tens, twenties, thirties, forties or fifties, as fast as they can be prepared to march." Eleven days afterward Warner was again marching a regiment northward. The men had become habituated to turn out at his call, and they loved him as few officers are loved by their soldiers. He was affable and familiar with the humblest private without sacrificing any of the dig- nity necessary to command. The cam- paign was an extremely distressing one. The troops, even the freshly-armed Green Mountain Boys, lacked comfortable cloth- ing, barracks, and provisions. Warner was placed in command of the rear guard. 24 ENCYCLOPEDIA A'EEMONT BIOGEAPHY [AVAKNER and did good service in covering the re- treat, picking up the wounded and dis- tressed and keeping generally only a few miles ahead of the British advance, who pursued closely from post to post. He brought off most of the invalids, and ar- rived at Ticonderoga a few days after the main column. July 5, 1776, shortly after the final abandonment of Canada, Congress re- solved, on a report of the board of war, to organize a regiment of regular troops for permanent service, to be under com- mand of officers who had served in Can- ada. Warner was appointed colonel of this regiment which was raised chiefly in Vermont. Warner was at Ticonderoga with his regiment through the remainder of the campaign of 1776, and did some efficient service in protecting that post. In the campaign of 1777, Warner went to work with his accustomed activity to meet the coming invasion of Burgoyne. He issued a stirring appeal to all Ver- monters, and wrote, July 2, from Rut- land to the convention at Windsor that an attack was expected at Ticonderoga, and urging that all men who could pos- sibly be raised be forwarded at once. "I should be glad," he said, "if a few hills of corn unhoed should not be a motive sufficient to detain men at home." He reached Ticonderoga July 5, in season to assist in its defense; but morning had revealed the red coats of a British out- post in possession of the heights of Mount Defiance which commanded the fort, and General St. Clair and his council of war resolved to abandon the post that night, before Burgoyne's investment was com- pleted. Under cover of the darkness, as much of the military stores as possible was em- barked in bateaux and sent for safety to- ward the head of the lake; and the gar- rison began its evacuation, in what was intended to be profound silence and se- crecy, across the floating bridge which had been constructed to the eastern shore. Unfortunately, at the last moment one of the officers, anxious to leave behind as little as possible to fall into the enemy's hands, incautiously set fire to his quarters, and the flames, suddenly illuminating the night, not only disclosed to the British the movements of the Americans, but threw the garrison itself into a panic. The retreat became a headlong flight. Some semblance of order having been at last restored, the fugitive garrison advanced to Hubbardton, where a short rest was al- lowed, whereupon St. Clair with the main body of the troops proceeded toward Castleton, leaving Warner in command of the rear guard, consisting of his own regiment, together with a New Hampshire regiment under Colonel Hale, and an- other from Massachusetts under Colonel Francis, with orders to remain there till all stragglers should have come in. Meanwhile, the retreat of the Ameri- cans having been discovered. General Frazier with his brigade set out in pur- suit, followed after an interval by a con- siderable body of German troops under General Riedesel. Marching through the heat of the July day, Frazier arrived within a short distance of Warner's po- sition, where he halted for the night. Ad- vancing in the early morning of the 7th, he attacked the Americans about sunrise. Then was fought the battle of Hubbard- ton, the only real battle ever fought on Vermont soil. Colonel Hale, however, had withdrawn his regiment, which he af- terward surrendered without a blow to a small force of the enemy whom he en- countered. Thus Warner and Francis were left, with some 800 men, to meet the attack of the much larger force under Frazier. For a time the accurate and deadly fire of the Americans held the enemy at bay; but Francis, in command of the Massachusetts regiment, fell, shot through the breast, and his men began a disorderly flight, which Warner attempted in vain to arrest. The arrival of the Ger- man troops made further resistance im- possible, and Warner and his men, the only remnant of the rear guard, succeeded in making their escape to the woods, and afterward found their way to Castleton. The result of this engagement subjected Warner to considerable criticism, Not only had St. Clair at Castleton, six miles away, failed to furnish any assistance, but he wrote to Schuyler that "the rear guard stopped rather imprudently six miles short of the main body." The fact remains, however, that Warner simply obeyed orders, and but for the desertion of the New Hampshire and Massachusetts men might have made a much more stub- WARNER] THE FOUNDERS 25 born resistance, and even repulsed Frazier's attack. Burgoyne, in the meantime, slowly con- tinued his advance toward Saratoga. His progress was, however, much retarded by the fact that Warner, having somewhat recuperated his regiment, had joined forces with General Stark, at the head of a body of New Hampshire troops. Stark, no longer in the Continental service, had refused Schuyler's request to bring his men to join the Continental army. In- stead, the combined Vermont and New Hampshire forces hung on the outlying flank of the invading army, and not only rendered Burgoyne's advance more cautious and dangerous, but made possible the brilliant American victory at Benning- ton. Burgoyne's provisions were running low, and it was decided to send a detach- ment to seize supplies which the Ameri- cans had stored at Bennington. This de- tachment consisted of eight hundred men under Colonel Baum, a veteran German officer, to be supported, if necessary, by an additional force under Lieutenant- Colonel Breymann. Warner himself had hurried on in advance of his regiment at the first tidings brought by his admirable scouting service of the approach of the British. He was with Stark two days be- fore the battle, aided in planning the at- tack on Baum's intrenchments, and rode about the field with the general early in the fight. But so many of his regiment were off on scouting duty that, owing to a heavy rain, it was midnight on Aug. 15 before they arrived within a mile of Ben- nington. "Their ammunition was wet, and a considerable part of the next day was exhausted before they could reach the scene of the battle. They arrived, how- ever, most opportunely, just as Breymann had come with reinforcements for the British, after the day had once been won by the Americans, who were now scat- tered about in search of plunder. It was by Warner's earnest advice, and against Stark's first impression, that the fresh troops were at once thrown against Brey- mann, instead of an attempt being made to reform the whole army in a new line of attack. Warner put himself at the head of his regiment, pushed the fight with a fire and dash that made the Ameri- cans irresistible as soon as the othef troops could be formed in line and brought into action, and swept Breymann and his battalion off the field in complete rout. The battle was planned and fought with a degree of military talent that Tvould have done no discredit to any serv- ice in Europe, and Stark in his official report expressed his particular obliga- tions to Warner, "whose superior skill was of great service." His brother, Jesse, was killed in the battle. Warner was with Gates throughout the rest of the campaign, and after the sur- render of Burgoyne he was in constant service along the Hudson and elsewhere. He commanded an expedition to Lake George Landing, by which the vessels in which Burgoyne might have escaped were captured. In April, 1778, he was ordered to Albany, leaving Vermont without pro- tection. Schuyler sent him on a particu- lar command into Yessop's Patent, which he executed with skill and address. It was not a field for brilliant achievements, but for vigilance, energy, and cool judg- ment in guarding against Indian incur- sions, watching the Tories, gathering in- formation, and protecting communica- tions. His bravery and military capacity came to be highly regarded by the officers of the Continental army. He was wounded from an ambush of Indians in September, 1780, when the only two of- ficers with him fell dead by his side; and with his constitution undermined by his constant exertions and exposures, he re- turned to Bennington toward the close of the war a dying man, with poverty to crown his misfortunes. Never a business man or thoughtful for money matters, he had taken no interest or part in the land speculations that made most of the Ver- mont leaders wealthy. The proprietors of several towns had voted him land as a reward for his services, but most of it was sold for taxes, and he never received any benefit. The neglect of his affairs and other tax sales while he was fighting for his country had nearly used up what little possessions he had, so that before his death his wife was forced to appeal for charity to the helpless Congress. In 1777 the Legislature had granted him 2,- 000 acres in the northwest part of Essex county, supposing it would be Valuable, but he never realized much from it. Colonel Warner was not at any time in the secret of the Haldimand negotia- 26 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [WARNER tionSj but like most people believed that something wrong was going on between the British and the Vermont authorities, and was very indignant about it, becoming estranged from his old associates on ac- count of it. He went with a Bennington committee to Arlington, in 1782, to pro- test to Governor Chittenden against the sending of prisoners that had been taken in war to Canada, threatening to raise a regiment to overtake and bring them back. There was an altercation, and a reply from the governor, substantially telling him to mind his own business, that Colonel Allen's regiment which had taken the prisoners was able to protect them, and that there would soon be seen a gen- erous return of prisoners from Canada — which proved to be the fact. Colonel Warner returned to Roxbury, Conn., in the summer of 1784, and died there at the age of forty-one. He was long sick; and his last few months were clouded by fits of insanity. The burial was with all the honors of war. In 1859 the state of Connecticut caused a neat and substantial monument, an obelisk of Quincy granite, about 21 feet high, to be erected over his grave. But for over a century and a quarter no memorial of him existed in the state which he so splendidly served. On Ben- nington Battle Day, Aug. 16, 191 1, how- ever, a monument in his memory was un- veiled at Bennington Center, on the grounds of the Bennington Monument Association — Vermont's first public recog- nition of her debt to her most brilliant soldier of the Revolution. GOVERNORS OF VERMONT The following is a complete list of the governors of Vermont^ with dates of service : Until 1870 elections for governor were held annually; since then, have been held biennially. Thomas Chittenden . . ...1778-89 John Mattocks . . 1843-44 Asahel Peck . . . 1874-76 Moses Robinson ...1789-90 William Slade . . 1844-46 Horace Fairbanks . . . ...1876-78 Thomas Chittenden*. . . . 1790-97 Horace Eaton . . 1846-48 Redfield Proctor. . . . 1878-80 Paul Brighamf Carlos Coohdge ..1848-50 Roswell Farnham. . . . . . . 1880-82 Aug. 25 to Oct. 16, 1797 Chas. K. WiUiams.... . . 1850-52 John L. Barstow ..1882-84 Isaac Tichenor . 1797-1807 ...1807-08 Erastus Fairbanks John S. Robinson . . 1852-53 ..1853-54 Samuel E. Pingree. . . . . . 1884-86 Israel Smith Ebenezer J. Ormsbee. . . 1886-88 Isaac Tichenor ...1808-09 Stephen Royce . . 1854-56 Wm. P. Dillingham. . . . 1888-90 Jonas Galusha . . . 1809-13 Ryland Fletcher . . 1856-58 Carroll S. Page . . 1890-92 Martin Chittenden . . . . . . 1813-15 Hiland Hall . . 1858-60 Levi K. Fuller . . 1893-94 Jonas Galusha ...1815-20 Erastus Fairbanks . . 1860-61 Urban A. Woodbury . . . . 1894-96 Richard Skinner . . . 1830-23 Frederick Holbrook. . J. Gregory Smith . . 1861-63 . . 1863-65 . . . 1896-9S C. P. Van Ness . . . 1823-26 Edward C. Smith .1898-1900 . . . 1826-28 . . 1865-67 Wm. W. Stlckney.... John G. McCullough. Charles J. Bell . . 1900-02 Samuel C. Crafts . . . 1838-31 John B. Page . . 1867-69 . . . 1902-04 William A. Palmer . . ...1831-35 Peter T. WashburnlJ.. . . 1869-70 . . 1904-06 Silas H. JennisonJ . . . . . . 1836-36 George W. Hendee§ . . . . 1870 Fletcher D. Proctor.. . . . 1906-08 Silas H. Jennlson . . . 1836-41 John W. Stewart . . 1870-72 George H. Prouty. . . . . . 1908-10 Charles Paine . . . 1841-43 Julius Converse ..1872-74 John A. Mead ...1910-12 *Died Aug. 25, 1797. tLieutenant-governor, acting governor on the death of Governor Chittenden. tLieutenant-governor, governor by reason of no election of governor by the people or the Legislature. HDied in office, Feb. 7, 1870. § Lieutenant-governor, governor by reason of the death of Governor Washburn. CHITTENDEN, Thomas. Governor 1778-89, 1790-97. Born East Guilford, Conn., Jan. 6, 1730; died Williston, Aug. 25, 1797; son of Ebenezer, and descended from a Welsh family, one of whose mem- bers, Moses, was an officer in Cromwell's own regiment. Worked on his father's farm till 18; then shipped on a voyage to the West Indies; was captured by a French cruiser, England and France be- ing then at war; was landed, moneyless and friendless, on one of the islands, and experienced much suffering before finally reaching home. At age of twenty mar- ried Elizabeth Meigs; removed to Salis- bury, Conn.; became man of influence there, was colonel of militia, and repre- sented town six years in the colonial As- sembly. Came to Vermont 1774; settled at Williston, when there was scarcely a house or road in that region; upon American retreat from Canada, 1776, took refuge in Massachusetts, but soon bought farm in Arlington; lived there, and for a short time at Pownal and at Danby, until after close of the Revolution; then returned to Williston. At Arlington worked with the Aliens and Matthew Lyon to rid the town of the strong Tory element there, until nearly every royalist either submitted or was driven out of town; was first president of committee of safety at Bennington; member of conven- tion at Dorset, Sept. 25, 1776, to consider the independence of the state; at West- minster convention was member of the committee which drafted the "Declaration of Independence of the New Hampshire Grants" ; at Windsor convention was mem- ber of the committee which framed the state constitution; was chosen member and pres- ident of the council of safety, upon which devolved the management of the state's af- fairs, executive, legislative, and judicial, until a constitutional state government should be established. He possessed much 28 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ROBINSON of that poise of mind and character which distinguished Washington; that judicial temperament which reserves judgment until the evidence has been carefully weighed; keen insight into human na- ture; rare discretion and great sagacity in practical matters; these qualities, to- gether with his previous legislative ex- perience, his command of affairs, and the leadership to which he had rapidly risen among the settlers, made him the natural choice as first executive of the new state; he was elected governor of Vermont March 12, 1778; was thereafter annually reelected until his death, with the single exception of the year 1789, when, hav- ing become involved in the popular sus- picion surrounding the conduct of Ira Allen as state treasurer and surveyor-gen- eral, and being accused of using his of- ficial position for the furtherance of Al- len's land speculations, he failed to obtain a majority of the votes, and, there being no election by the people, Moses Robinson was chosen governor by the Legislature; but in 1790, a settlement of his accounts having shown that Allen had advanced a certain amount of money to the state and that the alleged fraudulent conveyance of land to him was merely in payment of such loan, Chittenden was absolved from blame in the transaction, and was again elected governor. The chief events of his suc- cessive administrations were the long con- troversy with New York, New Hamp- shire, and Massachusetts over their re- spective claims to Vermont territory, in- cluding the matter of the East and West Unions; the long-continued efforts to in- duce the impotent and vacillating Con- tinental Congress to recognize Vermont as an independent state; her final admission into the Union by the Federal Congress in 1791; the. Haldimand negotiations, in which the governor took a leading part; and the legislation of 1781-85 by which property titles, much confused from con- flicting grants and repeated sales, fore- closures, and confiscations, were finally established on a basis of substantial equity. The East Union was first formed in 1778; 16 towns east of the Connecti- cut, having probably in mind the higher tax rates existing in New Hampshire, asked to be brought under Vermont juris- diction, and the Vermont Legislature, dis- regarding New Hampshire's rights in the matter, formally annexed them; but the following year, relying upon a promise by Congress to recognize her as an inde- pendent state provided she would abandon her claims to these towns, she relinquished all authority over them; this promise not having been kept, however, and New Hampshire and New York continuing to press their pretensions to Vermont terri- tory, she retaliated in 1780 by not only reestablishing the East Union, but also by annexing that part of New York lying east of the Hudson River and ad- jacent to her own western boundary, the people there, restive under the patroon system, having much in common with her own inhabitants; this was known as the West Union; but two years later at the friendly suggestion of General Washing- ton in a letter to the governor, both Unions were dissolved; and Chittenden enjoys the unique distinction of being the only Vermont governor under whom a session of the Vermont Legislature was held on what was properly foreign soil, which occurred at Charlestown, N. H., in 1781. ROBINSON, Moses. Governor 1789- 90. Born Hardwick, Mass., March 20, 1741 ; died Bennington, May 26, 1813; son of Samuel Robinson, one of the early set- tlers in the Grants. Is said to have been educated at Dartmouth College. Married Mary Fay, and, after her death, Susan- nah Howe. First town clerk of Benning- ton 1762, and served as such 18 years; a colonel of militia in 1777, and present at St. Clair's evacuation of Ticonderoga; in the same year became a member of the council of safety, which directed the af- fairs of the state until the election of a state government the following March; from that time until 1785 a member of the governor's council, whose functions were practically those of the present state senate; also, the first chief justice of the state supreme court, from the organiza- tion of that court until 1789; in 1782 an agent for the state before the Continental Congress; and one of the commissioners who finally settled the controversy with New York. Governor Chittenden being suspected of having, with the consent of a portion of the council, fraudulently granted certain public lands to Ira Allen and having lost for the time being much of his popularity, the vote for governor in 1789 stood as follows: Chittenden, TICHENOR] TPIE GOVERNORS 29 1,263; Robinson, 746; Samuel SafCord, 478; for all other candidates, 378; and, there being no election by the people, Robinson was chosen governor by the General Assembly; defeated for reelection in 1790 by Chittenden. Upon the admis- sion of Vermont into the Union in 1791, he was elected U. S. senator for the full term of six years, Stephen R. Bradley being elected for the short term; a fol- lower of Thomas Jefferson, he opposed the Jay treaty with England, not only in the senate, but at public meetings in Ver- mont; and, becoming convinced that the state at large was strongly Federalist and that he did not voice the will of a ma- jority of the people whom he represented, he resigned his seat in October, 1796, and was succeeded by Isaac Tichenor, the Federalist leader. Robinson's only fur- ther public service was as member of the General Assembly in 1 802. BRIGHAM, Paul. Acting governor from Aug. 25 to Oct. l6, 1797. Born Cov- entry, Conn., Jan. 17, 1746; died Norwich, June 15, 1824. Rose from the ranks to be captain in the Connecticut militia; was three years in the Continental service; fought at Germantown, Monmouth, and elsewhere. Came to Vermont 1781, and settled at Norwich; rose to prominence in Windsor County; was successively high sheriff, judge of probate, assistant judge and chief judge of the county court; rep- resented, Norwich in the General Assem- bly 1783, 1786, and 1791; was presi- dential elector 1792; delegate to the con- stitutional conventions of 1793, 1814, and 1822; one of the four major-generals of militia in 1794; for several years a mem- ber of the governor's council; lieutenant- governor 1796-7; became acting governor on the death of Governor Chittenden in 1797. Originally a Federalist, he drifted gradually into the Jeffersonian ranks, yet served as lieutenant-governor 1797-1813, and 1815-20, with both Federalist and Democratic governors. TICHENOR, Isaac. Governor 1797- 1807, 1808-9. Born Newark, N. J., Feb. 8, 1754; died Bennington, Dee. 11, 1838. Graduated from Princeton, then known as the CoUege of New Jersey, under the presidency of Dr. Witherspoon ; studied law at Schenectady, N. Y., where he was in 1777 appointed an assistant to com- missary-general Cuyler in buying supplies for the northern department of the Con- tinental army; on this duty came to Ben- nington in the summer of that year, and remained there and in that vicinity col- lecting the supplies whose accumulation tempted the fatal expedition of Burgoyne to Bennington; had just left, Aug. 13, with a drove of cattle for Albany when the tidings of that expedition were re- ceived; returned by way of Williams- town, reaching the field at dusk on the evening of the 17th, the day after the battle; decided to settle in Bennington, and this was his home v>'hen not in actual service in the commissary department; in the line of his duty he incurred heavy pecuniary responsibilities, which em- barrassed him through a large part of his life. About the close of the war began the practice of law in Bennington; was town representative in 1781-84; speaker of the House in the General Assembly 1783; and an agent to Congress in 1782; in that year was sent by the Legislature to Windham County to urge the claims of the new state on the people, many of whom still favored the claims of New York, and quell the disturbances there, and the mission had considerable effect, though severer measures were necessary later; was a commissioner under the act of 1789 to determine the terms of settle- ment with New York. He had been steadily growing in reputation among the Vermont leaders, and the peculiar value of his services with his plausible, persua- sive ways added much to his prominence; was a judge of the supreme court from 1791 to 1796, and chief justice the last two years, when, on the resignation of Moses Robinson from the U. S. Senate, he was chosen to fill out the latter's un- expired term; was reelected the next year for a full term of six years, but he was also elected governor that fall, and re- signed the senatorship to accept. He had then become the recognized Federalist leader of the state, and the canvass for the governorship had been a sharp one between him and the Anti-Federalist and other candidates. The death of Governor Chittenden had loosed the restraint upon partisanship so long exercised by him, and the result of the election was no choice by the people for governor; but Tiche- nor was elected by the Legislature by a large majority; served eleven years in all 30 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [SMITH as governor, being reelected every year until 1809, except in 1807, vrhen he was defeated by the Democrats under the leadership of Israel Smith; so strong had he become that he was reelected several times after his party had become a minor- ity. He was in 1814 again elected senator to Congress, serving six years, until March S, 1821, when with the complete obliteration of his party from American politics he retired to private life, after a public service filling 38 out of the 44 years between 1777 and 1821. He died at the age of 84, leaving no descendants. SMITH, Israel. Governor 1807-8. Born Sheffield, Conn., April 4, 1759; died Rutland, Dec. 2, 1810. Graduated from Yale College 1781 ; two years later set- tled at Rupert, where he was admitted to the Bar; represented that town in the General Assembly in 1785, and 1788-90, and became prominent in the affairs of the state during the latter part of the period of its independent existence; was one of the commission in 1789 to close the con- troversy with New York; a member of the convention in 1791 that ratified the federal constitution preparatory to the ad- mission of the state into the Union; in this year moved to Rutland; was elected one of the first representatives in Con- gress from the western' district of the state; twice reelected, until in 1797 he was at last defeated by Matthew Lyon, who had twice before contested the elec- tion with him, though he and Lyon were both identified with the Jeffersonian party; was that fall elected to the Legis- lature from Rutland, and, the Jeffersonian Republicans being in a majority, was elected chief justice of the supreme court; held the position only one term; for the next year came a return of Federalist control; in 1801, was again elected to the chief justiceship, but declined; was that fall the Republican candidate for gov- ernor against Tichenor, but was defeated; was, however, again elected representa- tive to Congress, and at the end of the term elected U. S. senator over Chipman. In 1807 the Republicans were finally able to overcome for a short time the great popularity of Governor Tichenor in the state and elected Smith governor; he resigned his seat in the senate to accept the place. In his inaugural he advocated several new ideas, among which were the state supervision of schools and of high- ways, the substitution of imprisonment at hard labor for corporal punishment, and the construction of a state prison; but the farmers of the state were too accustomed to government of the utmost frugality to welcome such plans, and, though the Republicans had now secured an easy as- cendency in the state, which cast its elec- toral vote for Madison that fall. Smith was defeated for reelection 1808 by Tichenor, after a hard fought campaign, by a plu- rality of 859 and majority of 432. GALUSHA, Jonas. Governor 1809-13, 1815-20. Born Norwich, Conn., Feb. 11, 1753; died Shaftsbury, Sept. 24, 1834. Married for his first wife Mary, daugh- ter of Governor Thomas Chittenden, and thus was brother-in-law of his life-long political opponent, Governor Martin Chit- tenden. Came to Vermont 1775, and set- tled at Shaftsbury; was captain of one of the town's two militia companies; com- manded them both in the battle of Ben- nington, and saw much active service from 1777 to 1780; was, by occupation a farmer and inn-keeper. His first political office was that of sheriff of Bennington County 1781-7, and as such he did prompt and efficient work in preventing Shay's men during their rebellion in Massachusetts from making Vermont soil a base of oper- ations; was state councilor 1793-8, and again 1801-5; judge of the county court 1795-7, and again 1800-6; had, as soon as well-defined political parties had devel- oped, become an ardent Jeffersonian Re- publican, and the recognized leader of the party in state politics; after the de- feat of Governor Smith, by Tichenor in 1808, was made the next Republican can- didate and elected, by a vote of 14,583 to 13,467 for Tichenor, and reelected 1810- 12, and again 1815-19> a service of nine' years; was presidential elector 1808, 1820, and 1824; member of the constitutional conventions of 1814 and 1822. His party was rapidly becoming the dominant party in the state, when the New England feel- ing against the war of 1812 caused a tem- porary reaction. At the election of 1813 the two leading candidates, Galusha and Martin Chittenden, received nearly an equal share of the votes; but, neither hav- ing a majority, the election was sent, as was often the case in those days, to the General Assembly, where, the council be- CHITTENDEN] THE GOVERNORS 31 ing Republican and the House Federalist, a long and acrimonious discussion ensued, the vote being a tie between the two can- didates. The result turned on the vote of Colchester, where, it was claimed, cer- tain U. S. soldiers not entitled to par- ticipate in the election had cast their bal- lots; if Colchester's vote were rejected, three Federalist councilors would be re- turned in place of three Republican coun- cilors. The council having no authority to decide its own membership, the House assumed the responsibility, seated the three Federalists, and Chittenden was de- clared elected by a vote of 112 to 111, against the violent protest of the Repub- licans. In 1814 the choice, between the same two candidates, was again thrown into the Assembly, and Chittenden again elected. But 1815 witnessed a revolu- tion on both state and national lines. Galusha defeated Chittenden handsomely at the polls, 18,053 to 16,632. The next year the Federalists made Samuel Strong their candidate, and were more badly de- feated, 17,262 to 13,888. In 1817 the Federalists tried Tichenor again for a candidate, and were beaten almost two to one, 13,756 to 7,430. By 1819 there was no organized opposition to Galusha left, less than 3,000 votes being cast for vari- ous candidates against him, and the bulk of these for other Republicans, W. C. Bradley and Dudley Chase. Among his recommendations to the Legislature, it is interesting to note, as a sign of the times, that he urged, in 1819, legislation to free the bodies of debtors from arrest and imprisonment on debts of small amount, being "of opinion that more money is spent in the collection of such debts than is saved by the collection," and arguing that it would be a benefit to "discourage credit." CHITTENDEN, Martin. Governor 1813-15. Born Salisbury, Conn., March 12, 1769; died Williston, Sept, 5, 1840; second son of Gov. Thomas and Elizabeth (Meigs) Chittenden. Graduated from Dartmouth College 1789. In 1796 mar- ried Anna Bentley. Came to Vermont with his father 1774, at the age of five; after his graduation, lived for a few years in Jericho, afterwards in Williston. Rep- resentative in the General Assembly from Jericho eight years, and from Williston two years; clerk of Chittenden county court 1789-93; judge of county court ten years, and judge of probate two years; representative in Congress 1803-13, until his election as governor in the latter year ; for the circumstances attending that elec- tion, see preceding sketch of Governor Galusha. Was the last Federalist gov- ernor of Vermont; joined with his party and with New England generally in con- demning the war of 1812 as "unnecessary, unwise, and hopeless in its offensive oper- ations." In November, 1813, issued a proclamation recalling a brigade of Ver- mont militia then stationed at Plattsburgh, on the grounds that the brigade was need- ed for the defense of the Vermont fron- tier, and that it was unconstitutional for Vermont troops to leave the state except with the governor's consent; for this act, was bitterly assailed by the Republicans; and the officers of the brigade insolently refused to obey the governor's orders, al- though the men, tired of inaction at Platts- burgh, soon after returned of their own accord. In the spring of 1814, during Chittenden's first term, a flotilla of small war vessels was constructed at Vergennes, under Lieutenant, afterward Commodore, Macdonough; earthworks, since known as Fort Cassin, after Lieutenant Cassin of the U. S. navy, were thrown up at the mouth of Otter Creek; and May 14 the earthworks and the completed vessels re- pelled an attack by a British fleet which was attempting to enter the creek in order to destroy the latter. On the approach of the invasion from Canada in 1814 under Gen. Sir George Provost, the governor, still maintaining that the militia, as such, should not be allowed to serve outside the borders of the state, yet issued a call for volunteers, and Vermont troops to the number of 2,500 took part in the land engagements at Plattsburgh Sept. 11, while Macdonough on the lake achieved a complete victory over the British fleet and thus brought the invasion to a close, the cannonading being distinctly heard at Bur- lington and many other Vermont towns. In the fall election of 1814, Chittenden, while slightly leading his opponent and brother-in-law, Galusha, still failed of hav- ing a popular majority of the votes, but was elected by a safe majority in the General Assembly; but its attitude toward the war completed the downfall of the Federalist party in the state and the rest of New England, where it had made its 32 EXCYOLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [SKINNER last stand; and he retired from public life at the close of his second term. SKINNER, Richard. Governor 1820- S. Born Litchfield, Conn., May 30, 1778; died May 23, 1853, from injuries received by being thrown from his carriage while crossing the Green Mountains ; son of Gen. Timothy Skinner. Studied law in Con- necticut; came to Vermont in September, 1799, settling at Manchester; was states attorney for Bennington County 1800-12, serving also as judge of probate during the last six years of that period; repre- sentative in Congress 1813-5; represented Manchester in the General Assembly two years, being speaker of the House in 1817; judge of the state supreme court 1815-7; in 1817 was elected chief justice, but de- clined to accept; was again states attorney for his county in 1819; in 1820 in the era of "good feeling" was elected governor by nearly a unanimous vote, 13,152 to 934 scattering; was re-elected in 1821 with still greater unanimity, 12,434 to 163; and again in 1822, though the record of the vote cannot be found; declined further re- election, but was the next fall chosen chief justice of the supreme court, and served until 1829, when he retired from public life. VAN NESS, Cornelius P. Governor 1823-6. Born Kinderhook, N. Y., Jan. 26, 1782; died Philadelphia, Pa., Dec. 15, 1852; son of Peter Van Ness, and de- scended from a wealthy and prominent Dutch family. Studied law at Kinder- hook in the office of his brother, where Martin Van Buren was a fellow-student. In 1804 married Rhoda Savage of Chat- ham, N. Y., who died at Madrid, Spain, July 1 8, 1 834 ; afterward married a Span- ish woman for his second wife. Practiced law at Kinderhook two years; came to Vermont 1806, settling at St. Albans; re- moved to Burlington 1809; appointed U. S. district attorney for Vermont 1810; still holding that position, was also ap- pointed 1813 U. S. collector of customs at Burlington, serving until the close of the war; then named as one of the com- missioners under the treaty of Ghent to settle the boundary line between the Uni- ted States and the British possessions, to wMch task he devoted several years, al- though no agreement was reached with the British commissioners; represented Bur- lington in the General Assembly 1818-20; chief justice of the Vermont supreme court 1821-3; governor for three terms 1823-6; declined further re-election; did the hon- ors for the state during Lafayette's visit in 1825. During his service as governor a political change began to manifest itself in the state. At first strongly Federalist, Vermont had cast her electoral vote for Jefferson in 1804, and since that time had been republican at every presidential elec- tion, though occasionally electing Feder- alist governors such as Tichenor and Mar- tin Chittenden. With the collapse of the Federalist party, the Republicans had been for some years practically unopposed; but with the Missouri compromise a line of cleavage began to show itself in the Re- publican party, and the party began to split in two in the presidential campaign of 1824, when there were four candidates for president in the field. One faction, under the leadership of John Quincy Ad- ams and Henry Clay, both of whom were candidates, began to call themselves Na- tional Republicans, and, combining with the small reninants of the Federalists, be- came the Whigs of a few years later. The other, represented by Andrew Jackson, was known first as the Jackson party, but soon began to style themselves Democrat- ic-Republicans, a name still in use by Tammany Hall in New York City, and later simply Democrats. Vermoiit cast her vote for Adams in 1824, and has ever since, for nearly ninety years, voted for the presidential candidate opposed to the Democratic party. Van Ness, even before retiring from the governorship, began an active canvass for election to the U. S. Senate, as successor to Senator Horatio Seymour, who also announced himself a candidate for re-election. The ensuing struggle between the two was the bitterest personal contest the state has ever wit- nessed, and aroused animosities that se- verely injured the popularity Van Ness had enjoyed. When the legislature finally met, Seymour was elected senator by a small majority. Van Ness attributed his defeat to the influence of the Adams ad- ministration. He issued a manifesto to the people declaring hostility to Adams, and went to work actively to organize Jackson support in the state. He was in- volved, as a consequence of the manifesto, in a number of controversies with men who had long been in his confidence and friend- CRAFTS] THE GOVERNORS 33 ship. Before the election of 1828 his old power had been pretty generally broken, and the state cast its vote for Adams by a strong majority. Shortly after Jack- son's inauguration, however, he was ap- pointed minister to Spain, and continued to occupy this position for about ten years. He returned to the country and state in 1 840, and made a determined effort to carry Vermont for his old friend Van Bu- ren, but with even less success than in the campaign of 1828, and the next spring he left Vermont and took up his home in New York City. He was for a year and a half, in 1844-45, collector of the port of New York by appointment of President Tyler. This was his last political position. The death of his brother. General Van Ness, at Washington, in 1846, devolved the care of the latter's estate on him, and he spent much of his time in Washington until his death. By his first marriage he had three sons and two daughters. The second son, Cornelius, was secretary of the Texan republic at his death in 1 842 ; the third son, George, died in Texas in 1855 while a collector of customs. The elder daughter married Lord Onseley of the British legation at Washington ; the young- er, Cornelia, a famous beauty of her time, married Judge J. J. Roosevelt of the New York supreme court. BUTLER, Ezra. Governor 1826-8. Born Lancaster, Mass., Sept. 24, 1763; son of Asaph and Jane (McAllister) But- ler; died Waterbury, July 12, 1838. Mar- ried Tryphena Diggins. Came to Ver- mont with his father in early youth, set- tling at West Windsor; but the death of his mother necessitated the boy's spending most of his time in the family of an older brother, and his taking care of himself after he was fourteen, so that he had only six months of schooling. He went to work on the farm of Dr. Stearns at Claremont, N. H., soon having the entire management of it. At the age of seventeen he was a soldier in the Revolutionary army; and early in 1785, when twenty years old, hav- ing spent a few months in Weathersfield, he and his brother came to Waterbury, where they built a log house, to which Mr. Butler, in June of that year, brought his bride, making the journey into the wilder- ness on horseback by way of a bridle path. They were the second family to settle in Waterbury and suffered all the privations and hardships of pioneer life. Elected first town clerk of Waterbury 1790; rep- resented Waterbury in the General Assem- bly 1794-7 and 1799-1805; in 1807 was elected both representative and member of the executive council, serving a part of the time in one body, and a part in the other presidential elector 1804, 1820, and 1832 member of the council of censors 1806 member of the executive council 1807-12 a trustee of the University of Vermont 1810-16; was a supporter of Jonas Galu- sha in state politics, and rose steadily to a position of recognized leadership; rep- resentative in Congress 1813-15, during the war with England, and was an ardent supporter of the Madison administration; was defeated for re-election by a Federal- ist in 1814, owing to the New England feeling against the war; again member of the executive council 1815-26; in 1812 and again in 1815 was chief justice of Jef- ferson (now Washington) county court, serving from the latter year until 1825, when the present judiciary system was es- tablished; was then elected first assistant judge; was a member of the constitutional convention of 1822; in 1826 and again in 1827 was elected governor, no opposing candidate being named, although at each election Joel Doolittle received about 2,000 votes. His most notable work as governor was his strenuous opposition to lotteries and his efforts for the abolishment of im- prisonment for debt. Declining a third term as governor, he retired to private life, but took part in the anti-Masonic move- ment in politics which made its appearance at this time. In addition to his other ac- tivities, he was an elder in the Baptist Church for forty years, and was pastor of the church at Waterbury from its or- ganization until within a few years of his death, serving it without salary or other remuneration. CRAFTS, Samuel C. Governor 1828- 31. Born Woodstock, Conn., Oct. 6, 1768; son of Col. Ebenezer Crafts, one of the first settlers of Craftsbury, and after whom the town was named; died Nov. 19, 1853. In 1798 married Eunice Todd of Hart- ford, Conn. ; graduated from Harvard Col- lege in 1790; then accompanied his father into the wilderness; two years later, on the organization of the town of Crafts- bury, was elected its first town clerk, and held the position for 37 consecutive years. 34 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [PALMER even while his public duties called him awaj- from home a large part of the time; was in the convention to revise the state constitution in 1793, being its youngest member, and even then showed marked aptitude for public affairs; in 1796 was Craftsbury's representative in the Gen- eral Assembly; in 1798 and 1799 was clerk of the House; the next year was again on the floor, being re-elected in 1801, 1803, and 1805; was register of probate for the Orleans district from 1796 to 1815 ; judge of the Orleans county court from 1800 to 1810; chief judge for the next six j'ears; twenty years later, from 1836 to 1838, after he had filled the highest positions in the state, he was clerk of the court; in 1809 he was elected a member of the executive council, serving for three years, and again from 1825 to 1827; at this time also, from 1825 to 1828, he was again chief judge of county court; in 1816 was elected representative in Congress and served eight years, usefully and industri- ously, but without any great distinction or prominence in the national battles of those times; afterward was U. S. senator for a few months, from December, 1842, to March, 1843, being appointed by Gov- ernor Paine, and also chosen by the legis- lature to fill out the unexpired term of Samuel Prentiss, who had resigned to be- come U. S. district judge; elected gover- nor 1828, and re-elected 1829 and 1830. His first election was practically unop- posed. The next year, however, the anti- Masonic movement made its first appear- ance in Vermont politics. The movement had begun in 1826 in western New York, where it was alleged that one William Morgan had been abducted and killed by Masons in revenge for having revealed the secrets of the order. An intense feeling against the order spread rapidly over the country, and resulted in the existence for half a dozen years of the so-caUed Anti- Masonic party, the chief .article of whose faith was opposition to the supposed in- fluence of Masonry in public affairs. At the state election of 1829 the anti-Masons polled 7,347 votes, against less than twice that number for Governor Crafts, with nearly 4,000 cast for Joel Doolittle, who about this time was the chronic candidate of the new Jackson Democracy. In 1830 William A. Palmer, the Anti-Masonic can- didate, received nearly 11,000 votes, and, there being no election by the people, it required 32 ballots in the Legislature to re-elect Governor Crafts. The following year he retired from politics, although he was an unsuccessful candidate for gover- nor in 1832, and was presidential elector on the Harrison and Tyler ticket in 1840. PALMER, William A. Governor 1831- 5. Born Hebron, Conn., Sept. 12, 1781; son of Joshua and Susanna Palmer; died Danville, Dec. S, I860. In 1813 married Sarah Blanchard of Danville. Had only a common school education, but studied law in Connecticut and, after coming to Vermont, with Daniel Buck at Chelsea; practiced law at St. Johnsbury for a few years ; then removed to Danville, where he engaged in farming for the rest of his life when not employed in public office; was eight years county clerk and j udge of probate for Caledonia County; in 1816 was for one year a judge of the supreme court, declining another election; was six times representative from Danville in the General Assembly; became one of the Re- publican leaders in the state; in 1817 was elected to the U. S. Senate to fill out the unexpired term of James Fisk, resigned, and then for a full term of six years, end- ing in 1825. While in the Senate, he in- curred much unpopularity in his home state by voting in 1819 for the admission of Missouri into the Union with her pro- slavery constitution, and by voting in the following year for the Missouri compro- mise bill, being probably the only Ver- mont senator who ever voted for a slavery bill ; but he always maintained that he was right in so voting, not because he believed in slavery, but because he believed in state sovereignty and the right of a state to settle its internal affairs in its own way. He again represented Danville in the Gen- eral Assembly in 1826 and 1827. Having a profound belief in the evil of all secret societies, he championed the anti-Masonic movement when it appeared in Vermont, and in 1830 was the unsuccessful anti- Masonic candidate for governor against Governor Crafts, as related in the preced- ing sketch. In 1831 he was again a can- didate, and obtained a plurality, though not a majority of the popular vote, but was elected governor by the Legislature, after nine ballots, by a majority of one. In 1832 he also failed of an election by the people, but was again elected gov- ernor by the Legislature, after 43 ballots. SLADE] THE GOVERNORS 35 by a majority of two. In 1833 he re- ceived a popular majority. In 1834, how- ever, he was once more elected by the Leg- islature, this time on the first ballot; but in 1835, though he had a large plurality both of the popular vote and of the votes in the Legislature the latter, after taking 63 indecisive ballots, adjourned without making any election, and Silas H. Jenni- son, who had been elected lieutenant-gov- ernor, became the acting governor. In 1837 Governor Palmer was a state senator from Caledonia County, and this service closed his public career. JENNISON, Silas H. Acting gover- nor 1835-6, and governor 1836-41. The first Vermont-born governor of the state; born Shoreham, May 17, 1791 ; son of I,evi and Ruth Hemenway Jennison; died September, 1849. Lost his father when a year old; had only a few weeks' school- ing each year, being obliged to work most of the time when a mere boy, but edu- cated himself through reading and private study. Represented Shoreham in the Gen- eral Assembly 1826-31; associate justice Addison county court 1829-35; member of the executive council; elected lieutenant- governor 1835, but became acting governor by the failure to elect a governor, as re- lated in the preceding sketch; elected gov- ernor as a Whig 1836 and the four fol- lowing years. In 1836, while he was gov- ernor, occurred the first session of the Vermont state senate, which took the place of the former executive council. In 1837, at the breaking out of the Papineau re- bellion in Canada, he issued a proclama- tion, warning against any violation of the neutrality laws, as there was much sym- pathy among our people with the rebels. This affected his popularity for the time being, but later his firmness and good judgment came to be appreciated. At the close of his governorship he declined a renomination, but served as judge of pro- bate 1841-7, and was a delegate to the constitutional convention of 1843. PAINE, Charles. Governor, 1841-3. Born April 15, 1799; son of Judge Eli- jah Paine; died in Texas, July 6, 1853. Graduated from Harvard College. Took charge of his father's business affairs; was one of the leading projectors of the Vermont Central R. R., and its first presi- dent; interested foreign capital in it; rode on the first train over its tracks, Oct. 11, 1848, to Northfield, where he had settled; built and conducted for years a large ho- tel at Depot Village; was Whig candidate for governor in 1835, when the Whig party began to emerge from the confusion of the anti-Masonic movement; was elect- ed governor in 1841, and again the fol- lowing year ; was interested in agriculture, cattle breeding, and many important busi- ness enterprises; and died while exploring a route through Texas for a railway to the Pacific. MATTOCKS, John. Governor 1843-4. Born Hartford, Conn., March 4, 1777; son of Samuel Mattocks, a captain in the Revolutionary army; died Aug. 14, 1847. Married Esther Newell of Peacham. Came to Vermont when a year old with his father, who became a member of the Leg- islature, a judge, and succeeded Ira Allen as state treasurer; when 15 went to live with his sister at Middlebury, where he began the study of law, which he con- tinued later at Fairfield; was admitted to the Bar February, 1797; began practice at Danville, but soon removed to Peacham; in 1806 was one of the 13 directors of the Vermont State Bank; represented Peach- am in the General Assembly 1807, 1815, 1816, 1823, and 1824; was brigadier-gen- eral of the state militia 1812; representa- tive in Congress 1821-3, 1825-7, and 1841- 3 ; delegate to the constitutional conven- tion of 1836; candidate of the Whigs for governor in 1843, and elected by a vote of 24,465 to 21,982 for Judge Daniel Kellogg, the Democratic candidate; aiid declined a renomination the following year. SLADE, William. Governor 1844-6. Born Cornwall, 1786; son of Col. Wil- liam Slade, a Revolutionary veteran who was sheriff of Addison County for several years; died Jan. 18, 1859. He graduated from Middlebury College in 1807, studied law, and was admitted to the Bar in 1810. But his attention was soon absorbed in journalism and politics, and in historical and literary studies ; was a Madison presi- dential elector in 1812; in 1814-16 edited the Columbian Patriot, a political paper at Middlebury, where he also kept a book store; in 1816 was made secretary of state, and held the position for eight years ; from 1817 to 1823 was also judge of Addison 36 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [EATON county court, and was afterwards states attorney; before the close of the Monroe administration was appointed clerk in the state department in Washington^ and served until 1829, when he had to "go" under Jackson; in 1830 was elected rep- resentative to Congress, serving continu- ously from 1831 to 1843; delivered a speech, Dec. 20, 1837, on a petition for, the abolition of the slave trade in the Dis- trict of Columbia, and though the speech was suppressed by a vote of the House, the pluck with which he presented the case and the skill and coolness with which he prodded the slavocracy to desperation, were well worthy of admiration ; his speech on the tariff bill of 1 842 was also regarded as a strong one for the protectionist side of the argument, especially for its wool schedule, and it was widely published and circulated by the Whigs; on his retirement from Congress in 1843 was appointed re- porter of the decisions of the Vermont supreme court, but held this position only one year, being elected governor of the state in 1844, and again in 1845. One of the interesting episodes of Vermont politics in those days was the "war of pamphlets" between him and Senator Phelps in 1845 and 1846, growing out of the charges made against the senator be- fore his re-election in 1844, that he had been inclined to kick out of the party traces and to refuse to vote for the tariff bill of 1842 and against the land distribu- tion bill, and that he had impaired his use- fulness by excessive intemperance, vio- lence of temper, and coarseness of lan- guage. Slade was at the time governor and claimed that Phelps had got him nomi- nated to silence these accusations. He had been an aspirant for the senator's seat, as also had Hiland Hall, and these two with Ezra Meech and Charles Adams fathered the reports, as Phelps claimed. The thing was fought out in the Whig convention and in the Legislature, which appointed a committee of investigation. Phelps won at both points, and then in the following winter published an "Appeal" to the peo- ple of Vermont in his vindication, review- ing the charges, producing letters from a large number of his colleagues and as- sociates to show the baselessness of the charges. Slade followed with a "reply," then Phelps with a "rejoinder" and Slade with another address "To the People of Vermont," in which they handled each other severely and with a personal bitter- ness that would be irreparably damaging to the author in these days. Soon after retiring from the governorship, he became secretary of the national board of popular education, having for its object the fur- nishing of the West with teachers from the East, and held this position at the time of his death. He was the compiler of "Slade's State Papers." EATON, Horace. Governor 1846-8. Born Barnard, June 22, 1804; son of Dr. Eliphaz and Polly (Barnes) Eaton; died July 4, 1855. Eemoved with his parents to Enosburg when two years of age; at- tended the district schools until 1 5 ; pre- pared for college at St. Albans Academy; and graduated from Middlebury College 1825, having taught school every winter to help pay his expenses. Taught at Mid- dlebury Academy for two years after graduation; then returned to Enosburg and studied medicine with his father, and also attended medical lectures at Castle- ton, where he received his diploma; con- tinued at Enosburg in the practice of his profession in company with his father until the latter's retirement, then alone, and still later in company with his brother. Dr. Rollin Eaton; was town clerk for a number of years, representative in the Leg- islature six different times, and once in the constitutional council; in 1837 he was elected state senator, and again in 1839, being re-elected three times; was nomi- nated by the Whigs for lieutenant-gover- nor in 1843, on the ticket with Governor Mattocks, and elected, and was re-elected on the ticket with Governor Slade for his two terms; in 1846 was the party nominee for governor, and was elected by a plural- ity of 5,76s, the largest the Whigs had up to this time obtained, except in presi- dential years, and he was re-elected the next year ; on his retirement from the gov- ernor's chair he was called to Middlebury College to take the post of professor of natural history and chemistry, which he held for about six years until his death. Governor Eaton was twice married, first, Aug. 14, 1821, to Cordelia L. Fuller, who died Feb. 7, 1841; and December, 1841, to Miss Edna Palmer. There were two children, but only one, Mrs. R. D. Ross of Missouri, lived to reach maturity. FAIRBANKS] THE GOVERNORS 37 COOLIDGEj Carlos. Governor 1848- 50. Born Windsor, June 25, 1792; son of Nathan and Elizabeth (Curtis) Coo- lidge; died Windsor, Aug. 14, 1866. After graduation he commenced the study of law with Peter Starr of Middlebury, with whom he remained about two years, and then returning to Windsor completed his legal studies with Hon. Jonathan H. Hub- bard ; was admitted to the Windsor County Bar at the September term, 1814, and established himself in practice in his na- tive town; in 1831 was elected states at- torney for the county of Windsor, and was successively re-elected for five terms; was a member of the first board of bank commissioners, appointed under a statute enacted in 1831; in 1834 was elected to represent Windsor in the Legislature, and re-elected during the two succeeding years, being speaker in 18S6, and was also rep- resentative and speaker of the House in 1839, 1840, and 1841; in 1845 was presi- dential elector and assisted in giving the vote of Vermont to Henry Clay; was the candidate of the Whig party for governor in 1848, and, no election being made by the people, was chosen by the Legislature ; in the same way was re-elected in 1849; was a senator from Windsor County for three years, 1853-5, and was frequently called upon to act as president pro tem- pore of the Senate and Joint Assembly. He married Harriet Bingham of Clare- mont, N. H., by whom he had one son, who died in early childhood, and one daughter, Mary, who married Rev. Frank- lin Butler. He received the honorary de- gree of A. M. from the University of Ver- mont in 1835, and that of LL. D. from his alma mater in 1849. WILLIAMS, Charles Kilborn. Gov- ernor 1850-2. Born Cambridge, Mass., Jan. 24, 1782; son of the Rev. Samuel Williams, LL. D., and Jane Kilborn Wil- liams; died very suddenly at Rutland, March 9, 1853. He came to Vermont with his father in 1790; graduated at Williams College in 1800, and locating at Rutland, continued to reside there until his death; studied law with Cephas Smith of Rut- land, then clerk of the U. S. courts for the district of Vermont; was admitted to the Bar in March, 1803; was appointed a tutor in Williams College in 1802, and about the same time received a similar appointment from Middlebury College, both of which he declined; served one cam- paign on the north frontier in the war of 1812; represented Rutland in the Legis- lature 1809, 1811, 1814, 1815, 1820, 1821, and 1849; was states attorney of Rutland County in 1815; was elected judge of the supreme court of Vermont in 1822, 1823, and 1824, dechning the last election; was appointed collector of customs for Ver- mont in 1825 and held the position until October, 1829, when he resigned, being again elected one of the judges of the Ver- mont supreme court; to this office he re- ceived seventeen successive annual elec- tions; retired from the bench in 1849, de- clining a re-election; in 1850, and again in 1851, he was elected governor by a major- ity of the popular vote. In 1827 he was appointed one of the state commissioners for common schools, a board to select and recommend suitable textbooks and to have general supervision over educational af- fairs of the state; was a member of the ' corporation of Middlebury College from 1827 to 1843, and, at the time of his death, was president of the society of the alumni of Williams College. He received the degree of M. A. from Middlebury and Williams Colleges in 1803, and that of LL. D. from the former in 1834. FAIRBANKS, Erastus. Governor 1852-3 and 1860-1. Born Brimfield, Mass., Oct. 28, 1792; son of Joseph Fair- banks, a farmer, carpenter, and mill own- er; died Nov. 20, 1864. Was educated in the common schools; taught school for two terms ; came to Vermont about 1812, and began the study of law in the office of his uncle. Judge Ephraim Paddock of St. Johnsbury, but gave up the study ow- ing to some trouble with his eyes. Kept a general store for 11 years, first at Wheelock, then at East St. Johnsbury, and afterward at Barnet; returned to St. Johnsbury and entered into business with his next younger brother, Thaddeus Fair- banks, as manufacturers of stoves, plows, etc.; in 1829 the brothers added to their business the purchase and preparation of hemp for market; the rude and inaccurate mode of weighing their purchases led to the invention of the platform scale by them; the demand for the new scale com- pelled the brothers to relinquish other business interests; Thaddeus gave the strength of his inventive genius to the im- provement and manufacture of the scale, 38 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ROBINSON while Erastus with his genius for business, gave the concern a wide and solid finan- cial success, though they had their full share of struggles and misfortunes j a fire and a freshet in 1828 compelled them to ask for a two years' extension from their creditors, which was cordially granted. In 1836 Erastus Fairbanks was elected to represent the town in the state Legisla- ture, and was re-elected for the two suc- ceeding years; in 1844, and again in 1848, he was chosen a presidential elector for the state; in 1848 he was appointed with Charles K. Williams and Lucius B. Peck to prepare a general railroad law, and also one relating to manufacturing corpo- rations, and their report still remains em- bodied in the statutes of the state. In 1850 he was active in the construction of the Passumpsic R. R., and was for years president of the company. He was also a leading and efficient member of the com- pany that constructed the Sault Ste. Marie ^ canal. In 1852 he was elected governor by the Legislature, having fallen a few hundred short of a majority in the popu- lar vote, because of the candidacy of Brainerd and the Liberal party. In the closing days of the Legislature of that year the law for the prohibition of the sale of intoxicating liquors was passed, which, with some amendment, was the law of the state for half a century, until repealed by the Legislature of 1902; Governor Fair- banks signed it, and in consequence was defeated for re-election the next year. The figures and particulars of that interesting contest are given in the sketch of Gover- nor Robinson, his successful competitor. The Whigs desired to fight out the issue in 1854 with Governor Fairbanks again as a candidate, but he declined a nomination because of his business engagements. In I860, however, the Republican convention unanimously made him its candidate, and he was easily elected over John G. Saxe, the poet. Democratic candidate. His ad- ministration in 1861 secured for him a reputation as a "man with a brain and conscience." He called an extra' session of the Legislature eight days after the assault on Sumter, and it placed $1,000,- 000 at his disposal without check on his discretion, for the arming and forwarding of troops, but at his earnest request a committee was appointed at the October session to audit his accounts. The first six regiments of the state, of the famous "Vermont Brigade," and the first company of sharp-shooters were organized and mus- tered into the service under his adminis- tration. He declined even to draw his salary and it still remains in the treas- ury. Prominent among his home chari- ties may be mentioned the founding of the St. Johnsbury Academy, with his brothers; and his endowments assist in maintaining the Athenaeum, the Museum of Natural Science, and the North Church. From 1849 until his death he was presi- dent of the Vermont Domestic Missionary Society, and for many years was a cor- porate member of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. He was. married May 30, 1815, to Lois Cross- man of Peacham. His married life con- tinued to within a few months of half a century. ROBINSON, John S. Governor 1853- 4. Born Bennington, Nov. 10, 1804; son of Nathan Robinson, and grandson of Gov. Moses Robinson; died Charleston, S. C, April 24, I860, of apoplexy, while at- tending the Democratic national conven- tion as chairman of the Vermont delega- tion. Graduated from Williams College 1824; admitted to the Vermont Bar 1827. A man of brilliant parts, he rapidly rose to the front rank of his profession and was weU qualified for a distinguished po- litical career, but the movement of the times had left his party in a hopeless minority in the state; twice represented Bennington in the lower House of the Legislature; was twice a state senator for Bennington County; was repeatedly the Democratic candidate for Congress in his district. There was a serious split in the organization growing out of the Free Soil movement of 1848, and continuing for sev- eral years until the Free Soilers merged into the Liberty, later the Republican, party. In 1851 he was the candidate of the minority element, or Free Soilers, for governor, receiving 6,686 votes to 14,950 for Timothy P. Redfield, the regular Dem- ocratic candidate, and 22,676 for Charles K. Williams, Whig. The next year the Democrats made him their regular candi- date; and with a temporary increase of strength for the Liberty party, which cast 9,446 votes for Lawrence Brainerd, there was a failure to elect by the people, Rob- inson having 14,938 votes and Erastus Fairbanks, Whig, 23,795, and the choice HALL] THE GOVERNORS 39 was by the Legislature, which elected Fairbanks governor. The next year, 1853, the enactment of prohibition had given the Democrats renewed hope, and they made Robinson their candidate for governor again; and the result of the election was 20,849 for Fairbanks, 18,142 for Robin- son, and 8,291 for Brainerd, again throw- ing the choice to the Legislature, where Robinson was elected. But it was only a year's triumph. It was the period of political breakup over the slavery issue, and of the foundation of the new Repub- lican party. In July of the next summer, Brainerd presided over the first Repub- lican state convention, and that fall was sent to the United States Senate. The polls in September showed the dropping out of the Liberty party, and except some 1,600 scattering votes among various can- didates, the issue was between the two leading parties, and Stephen Royce was elected governor by a vote of 27,926, against 15,084 for Robinson. He was the only Democratic governor Vermont has had since the two terms of Gov. Ezra Butler, a period of 84 years. In 1847 he married Juliette Staniford, widow of Wil- liam Robinson, but left no children. ROYCE, SxEPHEif. Governor 1854-6. Born Tinmouth, Aug. 12, 1787; son of Stephen Royce, a soldier in the Revolu- tion, and Minerva (Marvin) Royce; died Nov. 11, 1868. Removed with his parents in 1791 to the present town of Franklin, and two years later to Berkshire. Gradu- ated from Middlebury College 1807. Taught a district school one term; studied law with his uncle, Ebenezer Marvin, Jr., with whom he was afterward in partner- ship for a few years; practiced in Berk- shire two years ; in Sheldon six years, rep- resenting that town in the Legislature 1815 and 181 6; states attorney for Frank- lin County 181 6-8; removed to St. Albans 1817; represented St. Albans in the Leg- islature 1822, 1823, and 1824; delegate to the state constitutional convention 1 823 ; elected a judge of the state supreme court 1825 and 1826; declined re-election, and resumed his law practice; in 1829 was again elected to the supreme court, serv- ing continuously until 1852, when he de- clined further re-election; was chief jus- tice of the court 1 847-52 ; in 1 854 was the Whig candidate for governor, and was elected by a large majority; re-elected 1855; retired to private life in 1856; was the last Whig governor of Vermont. FLETCHER, Ryland. Governor 1856- 8. Born Cavendish, Feb. 18, 1799; son of Dr. Asaph and Sally (Green) Fletcher; died Proctorsville, Dec. 19, 1885. Had only a common school education; worked on his father's farm through his young manhood, teaching district school in the winters; joined the militia company at Cavendish when 18, becoming successively lieutenant, captain, major, lieutenant-col- onel, colonel, and finally in 1835 brigadier- general; resigned in 1836 and went West, returning to Vermont a few months later; became a leader in the anti-slavery move- ment; in 1854, at the time of the practical fusion of the Whigs and the Liberty men, he was nominated and elected lieutenant- governor on the ticket with Governor Royce, and re-elected in 1855; in 1856 was elected the first Republican governor of the state by a majority of more than 23,000 over Henry Keyes, the Democratic candidate, and re-elected in 1857 by a slightly larger majority. During his ad- ministration, in 1857, the state capital at Montpelier, the second one to be erected on that site, was partially destroyed by fire, and plans were made for the con- struction of the present building. He rep- resented Cavendish in the Legislature I86I and 1 862 ; was a member of the constitu- tional convention of 1870, and strongly favored the policy of biennial elections; was several times a presidential elector and a delegate to Republican national con- ventions. In 1829 he married Mary May of Westminster; his son. Col. Henry A. Fletcher, was lieutenant-governor of the state 1890-2. HALL, HiLAND. Governor 1858-60. Born Bennington, July 20, 1795; son of Deacon Nathaniel and Abigail (Hubbard) Hall; died Springfield, Mass., Dec. 18, 1885. Received a common school educa- tion, with one term at the Granville, N. Y., Academy. Taught district school for sev- eral terms ; studied law, and was admitted to the Bar 1819; represented Bennington in the Legislature 1827; was clerk of the supreme and county court for Bennington County 1828; states attorney 1828-31; be- came a National Republican, a Whig, and finally a Republican-; on the death of Con- gressman Jonathan Hunt was elected rep- 40 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [HOLBROOK resentative to Congress, representing the south district of the state in Washington ten years, 1833-43, and declining further renomination; bank commissioner for Ver- mont 1843-6; judge of the Vermont su- preme court 1846-50; second controller of the U. S. treasury 1850-1; on resigning, recommending as his successor Edward J. Phelps of Burlington; in 1851 was ap- pointed by President Fillmore chairman of a land commission for California; return- ed to Vermont in the spring of 1854 and resumed the practice of law at Benning- ton; was a delegate to the first Repub- lican national convention at Philadelphia in 1856; elected governor of the state in 1858 by a majority of more than 16,000 over Henry Keyes, the Democratic candi- date, and re-elected in 1859 by a larger majority over John G. Saxe, the poet; was chairman of the Vermont delegation to the fruitless Peace Conference in February, 1861. He was a lifelong student of Ver- mont history; president for six years of the Vermont Historical Society; author of many historical articles and addresses, and of the "Early History of Vermont," a work of over 500 pages published in 1868; was actively interested in the construction of the Bennington battle monument. He received the honorary degree of LL. D. from the University of Vermont in 1857. In 1818 he married Dolly Tuttle Davis of Rockingham; and at a family reunion a few months before his death there were present 51 of his descendants. HOLBROOK, Frederick. Governor 1861-3. Born East Windsor, Conn., Feb. 15, 1813; son of John and Sarah (Knowl- ton) Holbrook; died Brattleboro, April 27, 1909. Attended for two years the Berkshire Gymnasium, Pittsfield, Mass. ; visited Europe in 1833. On his return he settled in Brattleboro and devoted him- self to agriculture; contributed many arti- cles to the agricultural press. Elected register of probate for the district of Marl- boro 1847; represented Windham County in the state Senate 1849-50; acting as chairman of a special committee- on agri- culture, he prepared and proposed a me- morial to Congress urging the establish- ment of a national bureau of agriculture; chosen in 1850 president of the Vermont State Agricultural Association, of which he was one of the founders, and delivered the first address before that body; elected to that position in eight consecutive an- nual elections; in I86I, the first year of the Civil War, nominated Republican can- didate for governor of the state and elect- ed by a handsome majority; re-elected 1862; as "war governor" for two years, during the darkest period of the Rebel- lion, responsibilities of the gravest char- acter devolved upon him; under his guid- ance, Vermont was the first state in the Union to provide hospitals for its soldiers ; after retiring from the governorship he declined aU further offers of public office. At the time of his death he was in the ninety-seventh year of liis age. In 1835 married Harriet Goodhue of Brattleboro; they had three children, Franklin F., Wil- liam C, and John. SMITH, John Gregory. Governor 1863-5. Born St. Albans, July 22, 1818; died St. Albans, Nov. 6, I89I; son of John Smith, a leading lawyer and public man of his generation, who represented St. Albans nine successive years in the Legislature; served one term in Congress, and became one of the pioneer railroad builders in Vermont. Graduated from the University of Vermont 1841, and later from the Yale law school. Became associ- ated with his father in law and railroad business; after his father's death in 1858 succeeded him as director under the lease of the Vermont & Canada R. R. Repre- sented St. Albans in the Legislature for three years, 1861-3, during the last two of which he was speaker of the House; nominated by the Republican party and elected governor of Vermont in 1863 and 1864; was the third and last of our "war governors," and under his administration several regiments were sent to the front; was chairman of the Vermont delegation to the Republican national conventions of 1872, 1880, and 1884. He was president of the Welden National Bank, the Peo- ple's Trust Co., and the Franklin County Creamery Association, and was a life-long member of the Congregational Church. But it was in railroad affairs that he was most conspicuous. The Vermont Central R. R. had been built, 1847-9, from Wood- stock to Burlington. The Vermont & Can- ada R. R. followed, 1848-51, running from Burlington to Rouses Point, but was leased, 1849, to the Vermont Central. Mortgages were placed on the property by the latter, and in 1854 deeds of surrender dillingha;m] THE GOVERNOES 41 were given to the trustees for the bond- holders under the mortgages; and later the Vermont & Canada began the first of its several unsuccessful suits for the re- covery of its property. The roads ran down so, that in 1865 trust bonds began to be issued to provide for Repairs, and from this Governor Smith, the president, advanced to a large policy of "develop- ment," forming by leases and purchases a great "through system of roads, all under the authority" of the court of chan- cery, and as an extension of the policy of repairs. The emissions of "trust" bonds continued until 1872, when $4,356,- 600 were out. When the financial panic struck the country, these structures tum- bled, the rent payment to the Vermont & Canada was defaulted, notes went to pro- test, a legislative investigation was held, and a long and complicated litigation en- sued. Governor Smith and his manage- ment, generally speaking, came out of the courts successful, but before the end was reached a compromise was effected by which new securities were issued to the different interests and the "Consolidated Railway of Vermont" formed, the present Central Vermont Railway, still under Smith's management. He was one of the originators of the Northern Pacific rail- road enterprise and was the president of the corporation from 1866 to 1872, when he retired amid the troubles that were thickening about both companies. Under his lead 555 miles of the road were built. He married in 1842 Ann Eliza, daughter of the Hon. Lawrence Brainerd. DILLINGHAM, Paul. Governor 1865- 7. Born Shutesbury, Mass., Aug. 10, 1799; son of Paul and Hannah (Smith) Dillingham; died Waterbury, July 26, 1891. Came to Vermont with his family when six years old; was educated in the Washington County grammar school; studied law at Middlebury in the office of Dan Carpenter; was admitted to the Bar in March, 1 823 ; and formed a partnership with his preceptor, which lasted until the latter's elevation to the bench. For fifty- two years, until his retirement in 1875, he was in the constant practice of his profes- sion, except for the interruptions by his public service, and as a jury advocate he was at the head of a Bar that for a full generation was among the ablest the state ever contained, and ranked perhaps as the first in the state. He was town clerk of Waterbury from 1829 to 1844; represen- tative to the Legislature in 1833, 1834, 1837, 1838, and 1839; states attorney for Washington County in 1835, 1886, and 1837; a member of the constitutional con- ventions of 1836, 1857, and 1870; state senator Washington County in 1841, 1842, and 1861; and in 1843 was elected mem- ber of Congress, where he served two terms, and was on the committee on the judiciary. He was one of the leaders of the state Democracy, in what may be called its golden era intellectually, though it was a hopeless minority; and when a state convention met with Saxe, Eastman, Dillingham, Smalley, Kellogg, Stoughton, Thomas, Field, Chittenden, Poland, Red- field, Davenport and others, to flash their wit and eloquence across it, and with Hawthorne frequently coming up from Massachusetts to partake of the commun- ion, there was apt to be a "feast of rea- son and flow of soul," such as no other political organization in the state before or since has witnessed. While in Congress Mr. Dillingham was the only Democrat on the delegation. He strongly favored the admission of Texas, and the policy that led to the Mexican war. But the fir- ing on Sumter shattered in a moment the political affiliations of a life-time. He wanted party lines obliterated entirely and the whole North to stand solid in support of the national administration; received a warm welcome into the Republican ranks; was a leader in the state Senate in the war measures of 1861, and the next year his services were recognized with the nomi- nation for lieutenant-governor, and after three years' service in this position with that for governor in the years 1865 and 1866. The candidate against him both years was his old political friend, Charles N. Davenport. Governor Dillingham's majority in 1865 was 16,714 and in 1866 22,822. The great monument of his admin- istration is the establishment of the re- form school, which he recommended in his first message. In 1872 he was the first lay delegate ever elected by the Vermont Conference of the M. E. Church to the General Conference. His first wife was Sarah P. Carpenter, daughter of his law partner, Dan Carpenter; she died in 1831 ; and in 1832 he married her, younger sister, Julia. 42 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [PAGE PAGE, John B. Governor 1867-69. Born Rutland, Feb. 25, 1826; son of Wil- liam and Cynthia (Hickok) Page; died Oct. 24, 1885. Educated in the public schools, and at Burr and Burton Acad- emy, Manchester. Entered the old bank at Rutland at the age of l6; was many years president of the National Bank of Rutland, the reorganized form of the old state bank; became interested in the Rut- land & Burlington B. R., by being ap- pointed one of the trustees of the second mortgage bond-holders, and upon the re- organization of the property as the Rut- land Railroad Co., was made president; was for a time trustee of the Bennington & Rutland R. R. ; later was associated with Gov. J. Gregory Smith as vice-president of the Central Vermont; was a director of the Champlain Transportation Co., and various other railroad enterprises, and also in the Caughnawauga Ship Canal project for connecting Lake Champlain and the St. Lawrence, etc. ; was instrumental in the transfer of the shops of the Howe Scale Co. from Brandon to Rutland, and was treasurer of the company. He was in 1852 elected a representative to the General Assembly of Vermont, and re- elected for the sessions of 1853 and 1854; in I860 elected state treasurer, and re- ceived successive re-elections annually till 1866, and was during this time allotment commissioner by appointment of President Lincoln; originated the plan for the pay- ment of the extra state pay voted by Ver- mont to her soldiers, $7 per month, and disbursed during his term as treasurer a total of $4,635,150.80 for military ex- penses; in 1867 elected governor, and re- elected in 1868, serving with judgment and ability through the critical period after the war; was again elected represen- tative from Rutland in 1880. He was a member of the Congregational Church, for many years a deacon and superintendent of the Sunday school, a corporate member of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, and was instrumen- tal in having the meeting of that society, the only one ever convened in the state, held at Rutland in 1874. WASHBURN, Peter T. Governor 1869 until his death, Feb. 7, 1870. Born Lynn, Mass., Sept. 7, 1814; son of Reu- ben and Hannah B. (Thacher) Washburn. In 1817 his father moved to Vermont, first settling at Chester, then at Cavendish, and finally at Ludlow. Peter graduated at Dartmouth in 1835; studied law first under the direction of his father, then for a time in the office of Senator Upham at Montpelier; was admitted to the Bar in 1838; and began practice at Ludlow, mov- ing in 1 844 to Woodstock, where he form- ed a partnership with Charles P. Marsh which continued until the death of the lat- ter in 1870. Was in 1844 elected reporter of the decisions of the supreme court of Vermont, holding the position for eight years; represented Woodstock in the Leg- islatures of 1853 and 1854; chairman of the Vermont delegation to the Republican national convention that in I860 nomi- nated Lincoln and Hamlin; was in com- mand of the Woodstock Light Infantry, a company of citizen soldiers who at once proffered their services to their country, and on the 1st of May marched to Rut- land, where it was incorporated with the First Vermont Regiment; was commission- ed lieutenant-colonel, but acted as colonel during its entire period of service; in Oc- tober, 1861, was elected adjutant and in- spector-general of Vermont, and until the war closed devoted himself to its arduous duties, bringing order and system out of chaos and making it the model adjutant's office of the country; was in 1869 elected governor by a majority of 22,822 over Homer W. Heaton, the Democratic candi- date, and died in office Feb. 7, 1870. He had simply worn himself into the grave by overwork in the excess of his faithful- ness to duty. No trace of disease, organic or functional, could be found by the physi- cians after his death. His first wife was Almira E. Ferris of Swanton; his second, Almira P. Hopkins of Glens Falls, N. Y. HENDEE, George Whitman. Gov- ernor from Feb. 7, 1870, till the close of the term. Born Stowe, Nov. 30, 1832; son of Jehial P. and Rebecca (Ferrin) Hendee; died Morrisville, Dec. 6, 1906. Educated in the public schools, and at People's Academy, Morrisville; studied law in the office of W. G. Ferrin of John- son; admitted to the Lamoille County Bar 1855. In 1855 married Millissa Red- ding, who died 1861; in 1863 married Viola S. Bundy. Engaged in the prac- tice of law at Morrisville; was for many years a director of the Portland & Ogdens- burg R. R.; at one time president of the CONVERSE] THE GOVERNORS 43 Montreal, Portland & Boston R. E. of Canada; was a director and vice-president of the Union Savings Bank and Trust Co. of Morrisville ; was receiver of the Na- tional Bank of Poultney, and of the Ver- mont National Bank of St. Albans; and was national bank examiner from 1879 to 1885. Governor Hendee was always a Republican. When he was twenty-one years old, was elected superintendent of schools, a position he repeatedly filled; there was hardly a year in which he was not called by the public to discharge some official trust; many times acted by order of court as auditor, trustee, and special master; was a member, of the Ver- mont House of Representatives for Mor- ristown two sessions, 1861-62; states at- torney for Lamoille County in 1858-59; deputy provost marshal during the war; senator for Lamoille Councy 1866, 1867, and 1868, and lieutenant-governor in 1869. Sworn in as governor by Judge Steele on the death of Gov. P. T. Washburn, he served the remainder of the term; he was a member of the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and Forty-fifth Congresses, and there served on the committee on private land claims, and on the District of Columbia; was largely instrumental in drafting and securing the passage of the law which made an entire change of the form of gov- ernment of the District. STEWART, John Wolcott, Middle- bury. Governor 1870-2. Born Middle- bury, Nov. 24, 1825 ; son of Ira and Eliza- beth (Hubbell) Stewart. Educated at Middlebury Academy, and Middlebury College, graduating in the class of 1864. In I860 married Emma, daughter of Phil- ip Battell, and granddaughter of Hon. Horatio Seymour. They had five chil- dren, of whom three survive, Elga, Phillip B. of Colorado (nominated for governor, but declined the office), and Jessica (Mrs. J. W. Sylvester). Read law in office of Hon. Horatio Seymour in Middlebury un- til January, 1850, when he was admitted to Vermont Bar; began practice at Mid- dlebury and conducted it alone until 1854, when he formed a partnership with ex- U. S. Senator Phelps, continuing until the death of the latter in 1855; director Middlebury Bank 1858, and for several years prior to 1881 was its president. A Republican; states attorney for Addison County 1852-3-4; represented Middlebury in the Legislature 1856, '57, '64, '65, '66, '67, serving as speaker the last three terms, and as chairman of committee on railroads in 1856; senator from Addison County 1861 and 1862, serving as chair- man of judiciary committee; governor of Vermont 1870-2, the first to ^be elected for a two-year term; returned as member of the house in 1876; representative to Congress from the 1st congressional dis- trict 1882, '84, '86 and '88, and on the death of U. S. Senator Redfield Proctor was appointed by Governor Fletcher D. Proctor to fill out the unexpired term. He received this appointment while at Colo- rado Springs, and left . immediately for Washington. In the fall of 1876, Gover- nor Stewart was in New York until the day before the Legislature convened, ar- riving in Montpelier after the flag had been raised on the state house; the roll of the house was being called; Governor Stewart found his way to a vacant seat which had been reserved by a friend; in ten minutes after his arrival he had been chosen speaker of the house on the first ballot, his Republican opponent having only a few votes. As state senator. Gov- ernor Stewart and Senator George F. Ed- munds were elected a committee to revise the statutes. In religious preference a Congregationalist. CONVERSE, Junus. Governor 1872- 4. Born Stafford, Conn., Dec. 17, 1798; son of Joseph and Mary (Johnson) Con- verse; died Dixville Notch, N. H., Aug. 16, 1885. Came to Vermont 1801; edu- cated in common schools and Randolph Academy ; studied law in the office of Wil- liam Nutting at Randolph; admitted to the Orange County Bar 1826. In 1827 mar- ried Melissa Arnold, who died 1872; in 1873 married Jane E. Martin. Settled first at Bethel, whence he removed in 1840 to Woodstock; at Bethel he was for several years in partnership with A. P. Hunton, afterward speaker of the lower House of the Legislature in 1860-62; at Woodstock he formed a partnership with Andrew Tracy, and later with James Bar- rett, the firms being Tracy & Converse, Tracy, Converse & Barrett, and after Mr. Tracy's election to Congress, Tracy & Bar- rett; after Mr. Barrett's elevation to the supreme court, Mr. Converse formed a partnership with W. C. French which con- tinued until 1 865 ; after that practiced 44 ENCYCLOPEDIA VER^MOXT BIOGEAPHY [PBOCTOR alone ; he several times represented Bethel in the Legislature; was a member from Windsor County of the first Senate in 1836, and three times re-elected to that body; also represented Woodstock several times; was states attorney for Windsor County from 1844 to 1847; in 1850 and 1851 he was elected lieutenant-governor on the ticket with Gov. Charles K. Wil- liams; for the next twenty years he was out of public life imtil in 1 872, when near- ly 74 years old, he was suddenly and un- expectedly nominated for governor, being taken up to defeat Frederick Billings, a purpose that was accomplished by a nar- row majority of one after a hard fight in the Republican state convention. Mr. Con- verse was traveling outside of the state at the time, and the first he knew of his candidacy was when he read about the nomination in the morning papers. He was elected by a majority of 25,319 over A. B. Gardner, ex-lieutenant-governor, who had joined the Liberal Republican movement of that year, and whom the Greeleyites and Democrats had nominated in high hopes of cutting the Republican majority down to 10,000. His adminis- tration was without notable incident. PECK, AsAHEL. Governor 1874-6. Born Royalston, Mass., September, 1803; son of Squire and Elizabeth (Goddard) Peck; died May 18, 1879. Came to Ver- mont with his father when three years old; educated in the common schools and Washington County Grammar School; en- tered the sophomore class of University of Vermont 1824; left college in his senior year to study French at a French college in Canada. He studied law in the office of his oldest brother, Nathan Peck, at Hinesburgh, and afterward for a year or two in the office of Bailey & Marsh at Burlington; was admitted to the Bar in March, 1832; practiced alone for a while and afterward in partnership with Archi- bald Hyde, and later with D. A. Smalley ; was judge of the circuit court from 1851 till it ceased in 1857; in I860 was elected judge of the supreme court under the present system, and held the position con- tinuously, though desiring toward the end to retire, until his election as governor in 1874. He was nominated then in response to a strong demand from the people and against the calculations of the old line of managing politicians; did not, however. make such radical recommendations on the questions of the day as some of his sup- porters had expected. On his retirement from the gubernatorial chair Judge Peck retired to his farm in Jericho, where he died. He was never married. FAIRBANKS, Horace. Governor 1876- 8. Born Barnet, March 21, 1820; son of Gov. Erastus and Lois (Crossman) Fairbanks; died New York, March 17, 1888. Educated in the common schools and at the academies in Peacham and Lyndon, Meriden, N. H., and Andover, Mass. At the age of eighteen he took a clerkship in the firm of E. and T. Fair- banks and Co.; became active partner in 1843, and finally the financial manager of its extensive business, whose annual prod- uct he saw grow from $50,000 to $3,000,- 000, and force of workmen from 40 to 600; was from the beginning identified with the construction of the Portland & Ogdensburg R. R., the piloter of the char- ter through the New Hampshire Legisla- ture, and the backer of the enterprise with the utmost of his means and credit. Built and presented to St. Johnsbury the public library and art gallery known as the St. Johnsbury Athenaeum, dedicated in 1871. Delegate to the Republican national con- ventions 1864 and 1872; presidential elec- tor 1868; state senator from Caledonia County 1 869 ; nominated for governor after a bitter pre-convention fight in the Repub- lican party over the candidacy of Deacon Jacob Estey of Brattleboro on the third ballot, though he had declined to be con- sidered a candidate and was out of his state at the time; was elected by a vote of 44,723 to 20,988 for W. H. H. Bingham, the Democratic candidate. He was mar- ried in 1849 to Mary E. Taylor of Derry, N. H. PROCTOR, Redpield. Governor 1878- 80. Born Proctorsville, June 1, 1831; son of Jabez and Betsy (Parker) Proctor; died Washington, D. C, March 4, 1908. Graduated from Dartmouth College 1851, degree of A. M. 1854, and from the Al- bany, N. Y., Law School. In 1858 mar- ried Emily J. Dutton of Cavendish. Ad- mitted to the New York Bar at Albany, and to the Vermont Bar at Woodstock; during a portion of the years I860 and 1861 practiced his profession in the office of his cousin. Judge Isaac F. Redfield, BARSTOW] THE GOVERNORS 45 at Boston, Mass. Upon the outbreak of the Eebellion in I861 he immediately re- turned to Vermont and enlisted in the 3rd Vermont Regiment; commissioned lieuten- ant and quartermaster, and repaired to the front; in July of the same year was appointed on the staff of Gen. William F. ("Baldy") Smith, and in October was pro- moted and transferred to the 5th Vermont Volunteers, of which he was commissioned major; with this regiment he served near- ly a year in the neighborhood of Wash- ington and on the Peninsula; in October, I862, was promoted to the colonelcy of the 15th Vermont Volunteers, and in the memorable and decisive engagement at Gettysburg was stationed on the famous Cemetery Ridge during a part of the sec- ond day's struggle. After the war formed law partnership in Rutland with Col. W. G. Veazey; in 1869 he became manager for the Sutherland Falls Marble Co. In 1880 the Sutherland Falls and Rutland Marble companies were consolidated under the name of The Vermont Marble Co., with Governor Proctor as its president. Under his management this company en- larged and so increased its business as to become the. largest concern of the kind in the world. A Republican; selectman in Rutland 1866; represented Rutland in the Legislature 1867, and was chairman of the committee on elections; again a mem- ber of the House 1 868, and member of the committee on ways and means; state sena- tor from Rutland County 1874, and was chosen president pro tem. ; lieutenant-gov- ernor 1876-8; governor of the state 1878- 80; delegate to the Republican national conventions 1884, 1888, and 1896; ap- pointed secretary of war in the cabinet of President Benjamin Harrison March 4, 1889, and served until Dec. 7, 1891, hav- ing been appointed U. S. senator by Gov. Carroll S. Page to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Senator George F. Edmunds; elected U. S. senator to suc- ceed himself by the Legislature 1892, 1898, and 1904, and served until his death; in February, 1898, visited Cuba at his own expense and on his own responsi- bility to investigate the conditions there under the insurrection against Spanish rule; March 17, made a speech in the Sen- ate which was accepted as a true and au- thoritative statement of the conditions on the island. Senator Hoar said in an ad- dress, "The resolutions of Congress de- manding the evacuation of Cuba by Spain, which brought on the war, were the result not of the destruction of the Maine, but of Senator Proctor's report that a half million people were being starved to death at our very doors." FARNHAM, RoswELL. Governor 1880- 2. Born Boston, Mass., July 23, 1827; son of Roswell and Nancy (Bixby) Farn- ham; died Bradford, Jan. 5, 1908. Came to Vermont with his father 1840, settling at Bradford. Educated at the academy at Bradford; entered the junior class Uni- versity of Vermont; graduate 1849, de- gree of A. M. 1852. In 1849 married Mary Elizabeth Johnson of Bradford. Taught school at Dunham, Lower Canada ; was principal of Franklin Academical In- stitution, Franklin; later taught at the Bradford Academy; admitted to the Or- ange County Bar 1857; formed partner- ship with Robert McK. Ormsby; began practicing independentlv 1859; elected states attorney 1859, and twice re-elected. Second lieutenant Bradford Guards in the 1st Regiment Vermont Volunteers; cap- tain and lieutenant-colonel 12th Regiment Vermont Volunteers, and for nearly half the term of his service in command of the regiment. After the war resumed prac- tice of law at Bradford; Republican can- didate for representative in the Legisla- ture, but was defeated; state senator from Orange County 1868 and 1869; delegate to the Republican national convention and presidential elector 1876; elected governor of the state in 1880 by a majority of over 25,000. BARSTOW, John Lester, Shelburne. Governor 1882-4. Born Shelburne, Feb. 21, 1832; son of Heman and Loraine (Lyon) Barstow. Educated in the public schools; began to teach in the district schools at the age of 1 5 ; received degree of LL. D. from Norwich University 1909- In 1858 married Laura Maeck, grand- daughter of Dr. Frederick Maeck, the first physician to settle in Shelburne; she died in 1885; they had two sons, Frederick M. (University of Vermont 1880), a civil en- gineer who died in government service during the Spanish war from typhoid fever, and Charles L., a graduate of Union College, now living in New York. Went west at an early age; engaged in business in Detroit, Mich. ; returned to Shelburne 46 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BARSTOW 1857 and assumed charge of his father's farm. In the fall of 1861, while assistant clerk of the House of Representatives at Montpelier, was appointed on the noncom- missioned staif of the 8th Vermont Volun- teerSj later being promoted to the ranks of adjutant, captain, and major; participated ir all the engagements in which his regi- ment took part; was complimented for eminent service in the field, for gallantry in the assault on Port Hudson, and honor- ably mentioned for his personal services; served as acting adjutant-general under Generals Thomas and Weitzel; was dis- charged at the expiration of his term of service June 22, 1864. When promoted major, his old company gave him a beau- tiful sword; and when he left the service, the men who were mustered out with him presented him with another still more beautiful. The historian of his regiment says (Irwin's History of the 19th Army Corps, p. 505) : "When, after the bloody fight of June 14, 1863, in front of Port Hudson, General Banks called for volun- teers to head a strong column for a final attack. Captain Barstow was one of the brave men who stepped forward to form the forlorn hope." He had entered the army with robust health and a vigorous constitution, but nearly three years in the swamps and miasmatic climate of Louisi- ana had shattered both, and for many years malarial diseases prevented active business pursuits. On his return to Ver- mont, he declined a responsible position in the recruiting service offered him by Adjutant-General Peter T. Washburn. In the fall of 1864, while serving his first term in the Vermont Legislature, the St. Albans raid occurred; in consequence of that raid, and at General Washburn's re- quest, Major Barstow was sent on a spe- cial mission to Canada; was subsequently appointed brigadier-general to command one of the three brigades into which the home militia companies of the state were divided; remained in command of the northwestern frontier of the state until relieved by General Stannard in June, 1865. Since 1886 he has been a trustee of the Burlington Savings Bank, during which time the deposits have risen from two to more than thirteen million dollars; was for some years a trustee of the Uni- versity of Vermont and State Agricultural College. He is a Republican; has held various elective town offices ; represented Shelburne in the Legislature 1864 and 1 865 ; was senator from Chittenden County 1866 and 1867; U. S. pension agent at Burlington by appointment of President Grant 1870-8, discharging his duties with such efficiency and fidelity as to call forth a letter of cordial appreciation from the Hon. Carl Schurz, secretary of the in- terior; was commissioner from Vermont at the centennial celebration of Cornwal- lis's surrender at Yorktown by appoint- ment from Gov. Redfield Proctor 1881; lieutenant governor of the state 1880-2; governor 1882-4. He was the first gov-" ernor of Vermont to call attention to the excessive and discriminating rates charged for freight by the transportation compa- nies of the state, and to urge the creation of an efficient railroad commission. It was on his recommendation that the Leg- islature of 1884 requested the Vermont delegation in Congress to use their best efforts to secure the passage of the inter- state commerce law. He urged the passage of a state law providing for equal taxa- tion as between railroad and other prop- erty such as has since become law in Michigan, New Hampshire, and other states. He also urged the abolition of the free pass system ; was among the early advocates of laws permitting central and high schools to be maintained by public taxation; and upon his recommendation the present plan was adopted of extending state aid to deserving young men to en- able them to obtain a college education. The Ely riots occurred while he was gov- ernor, and his course in requiring that justice should precede force, and that the rioting miners should be paid their hon- est dues, attracted much favorable com- ment throughout the country. He was one of the commissioners to purchase a site for the Bennington battle monument; in 1891 was appointed by President Harri- son to act as a commissioner with Gen. A. McD. McCook, U. S. A., to treat with the Navajo Indians, the work being brought to a successful conclusion; was disbursing officer of the commission, and astonished treasury officials by returning to the treasury nearly one-half of the ap- propriation for expenses; in 1893, at the request of Governor Fuller, he acted with the executive committee of the National Anti-Trust Society. Before the Legisla- ture of 1910 he strongly advocated the ratification of the constitutional amend- ORMSBEE] THE GOVERNORS 47 ment authorizing Congress to impose an income tax; and in I9II he has used his influence in opposition to reciprocity with Canada, on the ground that it would mean the free entry of Canadian farm products into this country to the injury of the Am- erican farmer, while high protective duties would still remain upon everything, ex- cept farm products, which the American farmer needed to buy. In religious belief Governor Barstow is an Episcopalian. He has been a Mason since 1853, when he was initiated into Union Lodge of Strict Observance, of Detroit, Mich., of which he is now an honorary member; is past commander of the Loyal Legion; ex- president of the Officers' Reunion Society; member of the Grand Army of the Re- public, and of many state and national civic bodies. PINGREE, Samuel E., Hartford. Governor 1884-6. Born Salisbury, N. H., Aug. 2, 1832; son of Stephen and Judith Pingree. Educated in the public schools; Andover (N. H.) and Mclndoes Falls academies, and Dartmouth College, A. B. 1857; Norwich University, LL. D. 1898. In I869 married Lydia M. Steele of Stanstead, P. Q. ; they have one son, Wil- liam Steele Pingree. Studied law with Hon. A. P. Hunton of Bethel; admitted to Vermont Bar 1859; practiced law at Hartford. Enlisted as private in Co. F, 3rd Regiment Vermont Volunteers; soon chosen 1st lieutenant; in August, I86I, promoted to captain, and Sept. 27, 1862, commissioned major, for meritorious con- duct, and Jan. 15, 1863, commissioned lieutenant-colonel. Was severely wounded at Lee's Mills, Va. ; commanded 2nd Ver- mont Regimefat following battle of the Wilderness until it was mustered out of service July 27, 1864. A Republican. States attorney Windsor County 1868-9; town clerk of Hartford 50 years; delegate- at-large to national convention 1868; lieu- tenant-governor 1882-4; governor of Ver- mont 1884-6. President Reunion Society of Vermont Officers 1 870-2 ; chairman state board of railway commissioners, 1886 to 1894. A Baptist; trustee Vermont Acad- emy 1885-1910. Judge advocate iNIedal of Honor Legion. ORMSBEE, Ebenezer J., Brandon. Governor 1886-8. Banker and lawyer. Born Shoreham, June 8, 1834; son of John Mason and Polly (Wilson) Orms- bee. Educated in the public schools, and the academies of Brandon and South Woodstock. In 1862 married Jennie L. Briggs of Brandon, who died in 1866. In 1867 married Frances (Wadhams) Dav- enport of Westport, N. Y. Taught school several years and began the study of law in the office of Briggs & Nicholson at Brandon 1857; admitted to the Vermont Bar 1861. Enlisted in the "Allen Grays," a military company of Brandon, April, I86I; subsequently this company was known as Co. G, 1st Regiment Vermont Volunteers ; elected second lieutenant April 25, I86I; was with the company until the term of his enlistment expired. Enlisted in Co. G, 12th Regiment Ver- mont Volunteers, and was commissioned captain; this regiment was attached to the Second Vermont Brigade in the 3rd di- vision of the First Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, and taking a prominent part in the Gettysburg campaign; was mus- tered out of service July 14, 1863. Is a Republican. In 1868 appointed assistant U. S. internal revenue assessor, serving until 1872; states attorney for Rutland County 1870-4; represented Brandon in the Legislature 1872; senator from Rut- land County 1878; trustee of Vermont Re- form School 1880-4; lieutenant-governor 1884-6; governor 1886-8. In 1891 ap- pointed by President Harrison one of a commission of three to treat with the Piute Indians at Pyramid Lake, Nev., the object being to secure by payment of a consid- eration their relinquishment of claim on a part of this reservation; this commis- sion succeeded in negotiating satisfactory terms for purchase. Governor Ormsbee was appointed by President Harrison U. S. land commissioner at Samoa to act with like commissioners appointed by Great Britain and Germany to adjust claims of foreigners to lands in Samoa, these claims representing many million acres of land; the commissioners were en- gaged from 1891-3. Is president of the Brandon Free Public Library, and the Brandon Cemetery Association; has been president of Brandon National Bank 14 years; member of the prudential commit- tee of the Brandon graded and high school for 27 out of the last 31 years and is now a member, of said board. Member of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and for many years has been and now is senior 48 EXCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [DILLIKGHAINI Warden of St. Thomas's Episcopal Church of Brandon. Member of St. Paul's Lodge Xo. 25 of Brandon, and for many years a comrade of the E. J. Ormsbee Post No. 18, G. A. R. DILLINGHAM, William Paul, Mont- pelier. Governor 1888-90. Born Water- bury, Dec. 12, 1843; son of Paul and Julia (Carpenter) Dillingham. Educated in the public schools, Newbury Sem- inary, and Kimball Union Academy, Meri- den, N. H. ; LL. D. from Norwich Uni- versity and ]Middlebury College, and A. M. from University of Vermont. Read law with Hon. Matt H. Carpenter; after- wards studied in his father's office at Wa- terbury. In 1874 married Mary Ellen Shipman of Lisbon, N. H.; they have one son, Paul Shipman. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1867; member of the firm of Dilling- ham, Huse, & Howland until it was dis- solved in 1902. Is a Republican; states attorney, Washington County, 1872-6; sec- retary of civil and military affairs 1874- 6; represented Waterbury in the Legisla- ture 1876 and 1884; state senator 1878 and 1880; state tax commissioner 1882- 8; governor of Vermont 1888-90; elected United States senator from Vermont, Oct. 1 8, 1 900, to fill a vancancy caused by the death of Justin S. Morrill, and re-elected continuously thereafter; present term ex- pires March 4, 1915; chairman of senate committee on privileges and elections; third member of judiciary committee; member of committees on conservation of national resources. District of Columbia, expenditures in the navy department, im- migration, territories, and University of the United States ; chairman of special immigration commission created in 1907, expired 19IO; chairman of Vermont dele- gation to Republican national convention in 19O8. A director of the National Life Insurance- Co. of Montpelier; president board of trustees of Montpelier Seminary; trustee of University of Vermont and State Agricultural College. In religious belief a ^Methodist; lay delegate from Vermont Conference to the General Conference of the M. E. Church at Omaha, Neb., in 1892. Governor of Ver- mont Branch, Society of Colonial Wars; member of Vermont Society of Sons of American Revolution; and of Vermont Historical Societv. PAGE, Carroll Smalley, Hyde Park. Governor 1890-2. Born Westfield, Jan. 10, 1843; son of Russell S. and Martha Malvina (Smalley) Page. Educated at People's Academy, Morrisville; LamoiUe County Grammar School, Johnson; and Lamoille Central Academy, Hyde Park; LL. D. from Norwich University. In 1865 married Ellen F. Patch of Johnson; they had three children, Theophilus Hull (deceased), Russell Smith, and Alice. Senator Page is identified with many of Vermont's important business interests, being president of the Lamoille County Savings Bank and Trust Co., and the La- moille County National Bank, both of Hyde Park; director Swanton Savings Bank and Trust Co., of Swanton; and of several lumber and other corporations. His principal business has been that of dealer in raw calfskins, confessedly the largest in America. Is a Republican; rep- resented Hyde Park in the Legislature 1 869 to 1 872 ; and LamoiUe County in the state Senate 1874; member Vermont Re- publican state committee for 18 years, from 1872 to 1890, and during the last four years was its chairman; was a dele- gate to the Republican national conven- tion in 1880 that nominated James A. Garfield for president; delegate-at-large to Chicago, convention 1912; savings bank examiner 1 884-8 ; governor of Vermont 1890-2; elected to the U. S. Senate Oct. 21, 1898, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Hon. Redfield Proctor, and on Oct. 19, 1910, was rfi-elected for the full term of six years, as a Republican, al- though receiving every Democratic vote in the Legislature; his term of service wiU expire March 3, 1917. FULLER, Levi K. Governor 1892-4. Born Westmoreland, N. H., Feb. 24, 1841 ; son of Washington and Lucinda (Constan- tine) Fuller; died Brattleboro, Oct. 10, 1896. Came to Windham County with his parents 1 845 ; served an apprenticeship as a machinist in Boston, Mass., acting for a time as night telegraph operator at the Merchants' Exchange; returned to Brat- tleboro I860; entered the Estey works as machinist and mechanical engineer. In 1865 married Abby Estey of Brattleboro. Established a shop of his own, where he manufactured wood-working and other ma- chinery; became partner in the firm of J. SMITH] THE GOVEENOES 49 Estey & Co. 1866; superintended the man- ufacturing department and was vice-presi- dent of the company; made many trips abroad, establishing European agencies for the company; patented about 100 in- ventions. His last achievement was to secure the adoption of international pitch for musical instruments, now adopted by all manufacturers in the country; which has been termed by ]Mr. Steinway "one of the most important, perhaps the most im- portant, in the annals of musical history." State senator from Windham County 1880; chairman of committee on finance, and member of committees on military affairs and railroads; organized the Fuller Light Battery, Vermont National Guard 1874; served on the staff of Governor Converse 1872-4; was brevetted colonel 1887; elect- ed lieutenant-governor 1886; elected gov- ernor of the state 1892. Was an active member of the American Society for the ' Advancement of Science, and of the Amer- ican Society of Mechanical Engineers ; was interested in astronomy, had an ob- servatory of his own attached to his pri- vate residence and the finest equatorial telescope in Vermont; his library of sci- entific and technical works was one of the most complete in the state. WOODBUEY, Urban Andrain, Bur- lington. Governor 1894-6. Born Acworth, N. H., July 11, 1838; son of Albert M. and Lucy L. (Wadleigh) Woodbury. Educated in the public schools. People's Academy, and a graduate of Medical De- partment, U. V. M., 1859. In I860 mar- ried Paulina L. Darling of Morristown; they have six children, Charles L., Min- nie S., Gertrude F., Edward P., Lila D., and Mildred D. Was manager of J. R. Booth's lumber business for 19 years; has been proprietor Van Ness House 30 years ; is president and principal owner of the Mead Manufacturing Co. and Crystal Confectionery Co. ; president of the Queen City Cotton Co. Enlisted May, 1861, in 2nd Vermont Volunteers; lost right arm in the first battle of Bull Run, 1861 ; this was "the first sleeve emptied by a rebel shot among the Vermont troops," says Col. Benedict, in his "Vermont in the Civil War;" was taken prisoner and con- fined in prison, Richmond, Va. ; paroled Oct., 1861; captain Co. D, 11th Regiment Vermont Volunteers Aug., 1862; captain ISth Veteran Reserve Corps June, 1863, to March, 1865; colonel on Governor Bar- stow's staff 1884-6. Is a Republican. Alderman of the city of Burlington 1882- 3; mayor Burlington 1885-6; lieutenant governor of Vermont 1888-90; governor of Vermont 1894-6; appointed by Presi- dent McKinley in Sept.. 1898, a member of the commission to investigate the con- duct of the war department in the war with Spain. Member of First Congrega- tional Church, Burlington. Member of Masonic fraternity. Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, G. A. R., Mihtary Order of the Loyal Legion; department commander of Vermont G. A. R., igOO; commander Loyal Legion, 1907-8. GROUT, JosiAH, Newport. Governor, 1896-8. Born Compton, P. Q., May 28, 1841 ; son of Josiah and Sophronia (Ayer) Grout. Educated at Glover Academy and St. Johnsbury Academy, and received hon- orary degrees from University of Vermont and Norwich University. In 1868 married Harriet Hinman of Derby; they have one son, Aaron H. Enlisted as private in Co. I, 1st Vermont Cavalry, Oct. 2, 1861; appointed major 26th New York Cavalry 1864; while serving with the 1st Vermont participated in 17 engagements, and was badly wounded April 1, 1863. At the close of the war entered law office of his brother. General Grout, at Barton; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1 865 ; in charge custom house at Island Pond 1866-9; filled same position at St. Albans and Newport. In 1874 moved to Chicago, and later to Moline, 111., returning to Vermont in 1880. Is a Republican; represented Newport in the Legislature 1872 and 1874, and Derby in 1884, 1886, 1888, and 1904, being speaker of the House in 1874, 1886, and 1888; senator from Orleans County 1892; governor of Vermont 1896-8. No religious preference. Member of Orleans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M., Barton. SMITH, Edward Curtis, St. Albans. Governor 1898-1900. Born St. Albans, Jan. 5, 1854; son of Gov. John Gregory and Ann Eliza (Brainerd) Smith. Edu- cated at St. Albans High School, Phillips- Andover Academy 1871, Yale University 1875, Columbia Law School 1877. In 1888 married Anna Bailey James of Ogdens- burg, N. Y. ; they have four children, James Gregory, Edward Fairchild, Cur- tis Ripley, and Anna Dorothea B. Prac- 50 ENCYCLOPEDIA "SrERiSIOXT BIOGRAPHY [STICKNEY ticed law 1877-81; director, and vice-presi- dent Central Vermont Eailroad Co. 1881- 92; president 1892-5; receiver until 1898; president Central Vermont Railway Co. to 1903 J and director Central Vermont Rail- way Co. to date. President Peoples Trust Co. to date; AYelden National Bank of St. Albans ; Sherman National Bank of New York City; Robin Hood Ammunition Co.j Swanton; vice-president St. Joseph Lead Co.j and also Mississippi Bonne Terre Railway Co. ; director in above and other organizations. A Republican; represented St. Albans in Legislature 1890; governor of Vermont 1898-1900. A Congregation- alist. Member University, Union League, and Yale Clubs, in New York City; Uni- versity and Yale Clubs in Boston; Univer- sity Club, Washington, D. C; Mt. Royal and St. James Clubs, Montreal; Rideau Club, Ottawa. STICKNEY, William Wallace, Lud- low. Governor 1900-2. Born Plymouth, March 21, 1853; son of John W. and Ann (Pinney) Stickney. Graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy 1877; LL. D. Norwich University 1902. In 1881 mar- ried Elizabeth Lincoln of Ludlow, who died in 1903; in 1905 married Sarah E. Moore of Barrington, N. H. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1878, and has since prac- ticed law in Ludlow; senior member of law firm of Stickney, Sargent & Skeels; president Ludlow Savings Bank and Trust Company; president Vermont Bar Asso- ciation 1905; vice-president Vermont His- torical Society, and New England His- torical Genealogical Society. A Repub- lican; clerk House of Representatives 1882; states attorney Windsor County 1882-4 and 1890-2; represented Ludlow in the Legislature 1892 and 1894, and was during that period speaker of the House; governor of Vermont 1900-2. Member Black River Lodge No. 85, F & A. M. McCULLOUGH, John Griffith, North Bennington. Governor 1902-4. Born near Newark, Del., Sept. 16, 1835; son of Alexander and Rebecca (Griffith) McCullough. Educated at the Delaware College, graduating with hon- ors in his twentieth year; law depart- ment University of Pennsylvania, LL. B. 1858; received honorary degree of LL. D. from Middlebury College 1900, University of Vermont 1904, and Norwich University 1905. In 1871 married Eliza Hall, eldest daughter of Hon. Trenor W. Park of North Bennington; they have one son. Hall Park, and three daughters, Elizabeth Laura, EUa Sarah, and Esther Morgan. Studied law in the office of St. George Tucker Campbell, Philadelphia, and be- gan practice in that city, but owing to ill health removed to Mariposa, Cal., where he attained marked professional success; later practiced law for five years in San Francisco. In 1 873 came to southern Ver- mont, devoting his abilities to commercial, financial, and railroad interests, with which he has since been prominently identified ; 1 873-83 vice president and gen- eral manager Panama Railway, assuming the presidency in 1882 at the death of Trenor W. Park; was an important fac- tor and leading spirit in reorganization of the Erie Railroad following the depres- sions of 1884 and 1893; was chairman of its executive committee in 1888, and was one of its two receivers after 1893, with the result that in less than four years the property was delivered in improved con- dition and with cash securities of $8,000,- 000 to the good; president Bennington & Rutland railway 1883-1900; president Chicago & Erie Railroad 1 900- 10. Is president North Bennington National Bank; director Bank of New York, Standard Trust Co., Fidelity and Casualty Co., National Life Insurance Co. of Ver- mont, American Fidelity Co. of New York, Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Co., Cen- tral Vermont Railroad Co., Atchison, To- peka and Santa Fe Railroad Co., Erie Railway Co., Lackawanna Steel Co. Is a Republican ; represented Mariposa in the California Legislature I86I; was state senator 1 863, and attorney general of Cali- fornia 1863-7. Eepresented Vermont as delegate to Republican National Conven- tions in 1880, 1888 and I90O, being chair- man of delegation in the latter year ; sena- tor Bennington County 1898, serving as president pro tem of the Senate ; governor of Vermont 1902-4; also trustee of the University of Vermont, and trustee of Aliddlebury College for years. BELL, Charles James. Governor 1904-6. John Austin of Glasgow, Scot- land, invented the tulip-shaped bell for which he was knighted by Queen Eliza- beth and took the name of Bell. James PROUTY] THE GOVERNORS 51 a son, came to America, and a descendant of his, another James Bell, the grand- father of the subject of this sketch, came to Hardwick from Lyme, N. H., not far from 1800. Three or four years later he moved to Walden and in 1810 he set- tled on the farm known as The Belfry, where his grandson was born. Charles James Bell, son of James Dean and Caro- line (Warner) Bell, was born in Walden March 10, 1845; died in New York City Sept. 25, 1909. He was educated in the public schools of his native town and at Peacham Academy. At seventeen he en- listed in Company B, 15th Vermont Vol- unteers; re-enlisted in 1864 in Company C, 1st Vermont Cavalry, and was pro- moted corporal the same year. As a sol- dier on a Virginia battlefield he cast his vote for Abraham Lincoln. He was wounded just before the close of the year. After he was mustered out in June, 1 865, he returned to the farm in Walden which was always his home and devoted his time to farming. In 1870 he married Mary Louise Perry of Cabot; they had two daughters, Adine Merrill and Jennie. He held several town offices ; represented Wal- den in the Legislature of 1882 and was senator from Caledonia County in 1894. That year he was a"ppointed by Governor Woodbury a member of the board of rail- road commissioners, serving until 1896; in 1904 he was elected governor, assuming the duties of the two year term on October 6th of that year; was a member of the state board of agriculture from 1896 to 1904, serving for six years as its secre- tary; secretary state board of cattle com- missioners 1898-1902. A Congregation- alist; served as deacon many years. Was prominently identified with the work of the Grange, both state and national ; treas- urer of the Vermont State Grange from 1872 to 1894, and its master 1894-1906. At the time of his death he was serving his seventh year as member of the execu- tive committee of the national Grange and sixth as secretary of that committee. PROCTOR, Fletcher Button. Gover- nor 1906-8. Marble manufacturer. Born Cavendish, Nov. 7, I860; son of Hon. Redfield and Emily J. (Button) Proctor; died Proctor, Sept. 27, 1911. Educated in the public schools, Rutland Military Institute, and Middlebury High School; then entered Middlebury College, but soon after matriculated at Amherst College, from which institution he graduated in 1882. In 1886 married Minnie E. Rob- inson of Westford; they had three chil- dren, Emily, Mortimer, Robinson, and Minnie. After graduating entered the employ of the Vermont Marble Co., com- mencing by learning the trade of a ma- chinist, later occupying various positions, until in 1889 he was elected president; was also president of the Clarendon & Pittsford Railroad Co., director Rutland Railroad, New England Telegraph and Telephone Co., National Life Insurance Co., and Proctor Trust Co. Was member of Vermont National Guard, enlisting in Co. A in 1884, being promoted to 2nd and 1st lieutenant; resigned in 1886, and was appointed inspector of rifle practice on the staff of Colonel Greenleaf ; in 1883 was elected the first permanent colonel of the Vermont division of Sons of Veterans. Served several terms as selectman, both in Rutland and Proctor; secretary of civil and military affairs under Governor Orms- bee; represented Proctor in the Legisla- ture 1890, 1900, and 1904; speaker in 1900 ; senator from Rutland County 1892; governor of Vermont I906-8; delegate-at- large to the Republican national conven- tion I9O8. Member of Union Church. PBOUTY, George Herbert, New- port. Governor I9O8-IO. Born Newport, March 4, 1862; son of John A. and Han- nah B. (Lamb) Prouty. Educated at Newport public schools, St. Johnsbury Academy, and Bryant and Stratton's Business College. In 1890 married Hen- rietta Allen of Rockville, Conn. At the age of 1 8 entered the employ of his father, who, with O. C. Miller, was engaged in the lumber business ; the concern is today one of the largest companies in northern New England, owning large plants in Canada and Maine, besides the mills at Newport. Since his entrance into the firm the annual output has increased many fold, due to Mr. Prouty's advanced busi- ness methods. Is a Republican; rep- resented Newport in the Legislature 1 896 ; senator from Orleans County 1904, and president pro tem of the Senate; lieuten- ant-governor 1906-8; governor 1908-10, and represented Vermont at the tercen- tennial celebration of the discovery of Lake Champlain 1909- An attendant of the Congregational Church. 52 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [MEAD MEAD, John Abner, Eutland, Gov- ernor 1910-1912. Born Fair Haven, April 20, 1841, only child of Roswell Rowley Mead and Lydia Ann (Gorham) Mead. His father was a successful mer- chant in West Eutland till his death in 1875. His great-great-grandfather. Col. James Mead, was the first settler in Rut- land and father of the first white child born in the valley of the Otter Creek. He was the first moderator, and first se- lectman of the town and first representa- tive from Rutland to the first Vermont Legislature. Colonel Mead was among the most active patriots of his day. He was a member of the Dorset Convention of September 25, 1776, and of the com- mittee appointed by the Windsor Con- vention in June, 1777, to arrange with the commander of Fort Ticonderoga for the frontier defence. He was colonel of the 3rd Regiment of Vermont Militia, and the Vermont pay rolls contai-n the record of a payment to Colonel Mead's militia for their tours to Ticonderoga in 1777.- The state's records for the same year show that Colonel Mead's regiment rendered efficient service in scouting after Tories at sundry times, and also in guard- ing such as were taken, supposed to be enemies. In 1779 Colonel Mead was engaged in still guarding the frontier, showing that not only upon the field of battle, but also dealing with a wily foe in ambush, he was a living illustration of the watchword of his ancestors "Sem- per Paratus." Governor Mead on the maternal side was descended from John Rowland who came over in the May- flower. He was known as the "Beloved Pilgrim" of Plymouth and the last sur- vivor of that memorable body of men who endured hardships of great severity, borne with heroic fortitude. The daughter of John Howland married Captain John Gorham who was killed in one of the In- dian wars with King Phillip. The Gor- hams belonged to the nobility as their genealogical tree and pictures of their baronial castle in France bear evidence. Governor Mead is able to trace the line away back to the time when William the Conqueror made his excursion to France in 1051, down to his mother Lydia, daughter of Eli Gorham of Rutland. John A. Mead was educated at the common school at West Rutland, Franklin Acad- emy at Malone, N. Y., and at Middle- bury College where he was graduated in 1864. In 1868 he received his diploma from the CoUege of Physicians and Sur- geons in New York City, in reality the medical department of Columbia Univer- sity. He was appointed house physician in the Kings County Hospital at Flat- bush, L. I., a position he held for sev- eral years. He then removed to Rut- land, where he practiced medicine until 1888. At this time he was tendered a chair in the medical department of the University of Vermont. During the time when by hard work and rigid econ- omy he was able to complete his studies at college, occurred the struggle for the preservation of the Union. Mr. Meid stood high in his class, but patriotically responsive to the great war president he and several of his classmates enlisted in Co. K., 12th Vermont Volunteers, serv- ing for a period of nine months, partici- pating in several skirmishes, important battles and the 30-mile night march after the battle of Gettysburg. Upon being mustered out he returned to Middlebury, graduating with the class. He is now one of the trustees of Middlebury Col- lege, Norwich University and University of Vermont and these three colleges con- ferred the title of LL. D. upon him in 1911. In 1885 he relinquished the prac- tice of medicine to devote his entire at- tention to his increasing business inter- ests. He had received, meanwhile, recognition of professional abilities in the appointment of medical director of the Vermont State encampment. He served as surgeon-general of the State G. A. R. 1890, with rank of brigadier-general on the staff of Gov. Redfield Proctor, as member of the board of pension exam- iners and as medical superintendent of the house of correction. In 1881 he aided in the organization of the Vermont Association, was chosen its medical ex- aminer and director, and in the same year assisted in organizing the State Trust Co. and was elected its vice-president, later becoming its president. In 1888 he reorganized the Howe Scale Co. of which he became president, and the phe- nomenal growth of that enterprise is large- ly due to his energetic and wise manage- ment. He has been connected with sev- eral other large corporations; in the old National Bank of Rutland, as director and cashier, in the Rutland Railroad as MEAD] THE GOVERNORS 53 treasurer and director^ the Clement Na- tional Bank as director, the Baxter Na- tional Bank as president, and the John A. Mead Manufacturing Co. as president. Is a Republican; Senator from Rutland County 1892; commissioner to World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893, by appointment of Governor Fuller; com- missioner to. Mexican National Exposition of Industries and Free Arts 1895, by ap- pointment of Governor Woodbury; repre- sented Rutland City in the Legislature 1906; lieutenant-governor I9O8, and gov- ernor of Vermont 1910; delegate-at-large to national Republican convention, Chi- cago, 1912. Member First Congregational Church, Rutland, serving many years as chairman of its executive committee, and vice-president of Congregational Club of Western Vermont. Member Grand Army of the Republic, and was a staff of- ficer for Generals Alger, Veazey and Gilman during the term of each as com- mander-in-chief of the order; charter member Rutland Valley Grange; member of Vermont Society Sons of American Revolution; Rutland Lodge No. 79, F. & A. M., and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. In 1872 Governor Mead married Mary M., daughter of Hon. William N. and Mary M. B. Sherman of Greenwich, R. I. They have one daughter, Mary Sherman, the wife of Carl B. Hinsman, vice-presi- dent of the Howe Scale Co.; and one grandson who bears the name of John Abner Mead Hinsman. SENATORS IN CONGRESS. The following is a complete list of the Senators in Congress for Vermont. Bio- graphical sketches of the entire list are given on the following pages, with the exceptions noted. FIRST CLASS. *Moses Robinson 1791-96 *Isaac Tichenor 1796-97 Nathaniel Chipman .. 1797-1803 *Israel Smith 1803-07 Jonathan Robinson .... 1807-15 *Isaac Tichenor 1815-31 Horatio Seymour 1821-33 Benjamin Swift 1833-39 Samuel S. Phelps 1839-51 Solomon Foot 1851-66 George F. Edmunds. .. 1866-91 *RedfleId Proctor 1891-98 *John W. Stewart 1908-9 *Carroll S. Page 1909 SECOND CLASS. Stephen R. Bradley. . .1791-95 Elijah Paine 1795-1801 Stephen R. Bradley. . .1801-13 Dudley Chase 1813-17 James Fisk 1817-18 *William A. Palmer. ... 1818-25 Dudley Chase 1825-31 Samuel Prentiss 1831-43 *Samuel C. Crafts 1842-43 William Upham 1843-63 Samuel S. Phelps 1853 Lawrence Brainerd . . . 1854-55 Jacob CoUamer 1855-65 Luke P. Poland 1865-67 Justin S. Morrill 1867-99 Jonathan Ross 1899-1900 *William P. Dillingham.1901- "First and second class" relate to classes, as defined in the second clause, third section, iirst article in the Constitution of the U. S. *Biographical sketch will be found among "The Governors.'' BRADLEY, Stephen E., and Moses Robinson were the first senators after the admission of the state into the Union. Mr. Bradley was five times elected the president pro tem. of the Senate, the third highest office in the government, and was regarded as the most' potent Dem- ocrat in New England. He was born at Wallingford, (now Cheshire) Conn., Feb. 20, 1754; son of Moses and Mary (Row) Bradley, and grandson of Stephen Brad- ley, one of a family of six brothers who came to this country in 1637, after serv- ice in Cromwell's Ironsides. He grad- uated from Yale in 1773, entered the Revolutionary service as captain of com- pany of volunteers as early as February, 1776, later serving as quartermaster and aid on the staff of General Wooster. In 1779 he appeared in Vermont and was licensed to practice law, having studied law under Thomas Reeve, founder of the Litchfield Law School. In June, 1780, was appointed states attorney for Cum- berland County and still earlier had pre- pared a statement of Vermont's case against the claims of New York, New Hampshire and Massachusetts, entitled "Vermont's Appeal to a Candid and Im- partial World." He and Jonas Fay and Moses Robinson were appointed agents to Congress to urge the recognition of the independence of the state. The fruitlessness of this mission has been ex- plained in previous sketches, but the abil- ity and resourcefulness of the young Ver,- monter added greatly to his reputation. He represented Westminster in the Leg- islature in 1780, '81, '84, '85, '88, '90, and in 1785 was speaker of the House, of which he had been clerk in 1779; was states attorney several years and gen- eral prosecuting officer of the state; was register, of probate 1781-91, when he en- tered the U. S. Senate. In 1783 was judge of county court, and from Octo- ber, 1788, to October, 1789, was judge of the supreme court. He was a lieu- tenant and then a colonel in the first regi- ment Vermont militia, serving on the staff of Gen. Ethan AUen, and in 1791 was made a brigadier-general. By lot it fell to him, when elected 1791, to be a sen- ator of the second class whose term ex- pired in four years, and then as the Fed- eralists were a majority he was defeated for re-election in 1794, but six years later, he was again elected and re-elected in 1806, serving with distinction. Was president of the convention of Republican members of Congress, and on Jan. 19, 1808, summoned the convention of mem- bers which met and nominated Mr. Madi- son as President. He was the author of 56 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAP: m- [PAINE the constitutional amendment requiring the Vice-President, like the President, to be elected by a majority of the electoral votes, and which he reported from the committee. He retired from public life in 1813 and five years later removed from Westminster to Walpole, N. H., where, after a happy and contented evening of life, he went to rest Dec. 9, 1830. PAINE, Elijah; senator at the close of the 18th century, state judge, U. S. judge, pioneer manufacturer and scien- tific farmer; was born at Brooklyn, N. Y., Jan. 2, 1757; son of Seth Paine. He studied at Harvard a few months, en- tered the Revolutionary army, and grad- uated 1781; after studying law he came to Vermont in 1784., locating at Windsor, later pushing into the wilderness to Wil- liamstown and soon established a mill for the manufacture of broadcloths, final- ly employing nearly 200 workmen ; erected the first saw and grist mill in that sec- tion, and constructed at a cost of $10,000 a turnpike from Brookfield to Montpelier, which he presented to the state. At one time he owned 15,000 Merino sheep, with many high grade horses, cattle and swine. In 1786 was a member of the convention to revise the state constitution; repre- sented Williamstown in the Legislature 1787-91; judge of the superior court un- til 1794, when he was elected U. S. senator to succeed Stephen R. Bradley, declining a second election because he was appointed U. S. district judge for Vermont, which position he held for over forty years, until a few weeks of his death. April 28, 1842. In 1790 he married Sarah Porter of Plymouth, N. H. ; they had four sons, Martin, an eminent phy- sician; Elijah, a judge of the supreme court of New York; George, a prominent lawyer; and Gov. Charles Paine. CHIPMAN, Nathaniel; born Salis- bury, Conn., Nov. 15, 1752; son of Sam- uel and Hannah Chipman ; graduated from Yale in 1777, served as lieutenant and fought at Monmouth and Valley Forge, but resigned because of poverty and com- pleted his study of law; admitted to bar 1779; came to Vermont and settled at Tinmouth where he built a forge for the manufacture of bar iron and conducted a farm. Represented Tinmouth in the Legislature 1784-85; elected assistant judge of the superior court 1786, the first lawyer to be placed on the bench in Ver- mont; chief justice 1789-90; and a mem- ber of the commission which determined the boundary between New York and Vermont. Jan. 18, 1791, he was ap- pointed with Lewis R. Morris commis- sioner to attend Congress and negotiate for the admission of the state into the Union. Immediately after admission. President Washington made him U. S. judge for the district of Vermont, a po- sition he resigned in 1793- In 1796 he was again elected chief justice, and in 1797 elected senator to succeed Tichenor serving five years, when he returned to Vermont and resumed the practice of law, again representing Tinmouth in the Leg- islature 1806-11. In March, 1813, elected one of the council of censors, a body chosen once every seven years to review the constitution and recommend amendments. He was chosen chief jus- tice of the state in 1813, but displaced in 1815 when the Democrats, or Repub- licans as they then generally called them- selves, -returned to power. In 1815 he was appointed professor of law at Middle- bury College, holding the chair until 1 843. He died Feb. 13, 1843, aged ninety-one years. ROBINSON, Jonathan; youngest son of Samuel, Sr. ; chief justice of the su- preme court and United States senator; born Hard wick, Aug. 11, 1756, came to Bennington with his father, in 1761, and was admitted to the bar in 1796; was town clerk for six years beginning with 1795, town representative thirteen times before 1802, and chief justice of the su- preme court from 1801 to 1807. In the latter year the triumph of the Jeffersoni- ans in at last defeating Tichenor and electing Israel Smith governor, seven years after they had got control of the rest of the government, necessitated the letter's resignation of his seat in the Sen- ate, and Judge Robinson was chosen to succeed him, and in 1809 he was also elected for another term closing in 1815. After his retirement from the Senate he was elected judge of probate in October, 1815, and held the position for, four years, and again represented the town in 1818. He died Nov. 3, 1819, at the age of sixty- three. He married Mary, daughter of PRENTISS] THE SENATORS 57 John Fassett. One of their sons, Jona- than E., a lawyer, was town clerk nine years and judge of county court in 1828, and died in 1831. Another, Henry, was paymaster in the army, clerk in the pen- sion office, brigadier-general of militia, and for ten years clerk of the county and supreme court. He died in 1856. CHASE, Dudley; twice U. S. senator, speaker of the assembly five years, and four years chief justice of the supreme court; brother of Bishop Philander Chase of Ohio, and the uncle of Salmon P. Chase, the Republican statesman and chief justice; born Corinth, N. H., Dec. 30, 1771; son of Deacon Dudley Chase; graduated at Dartmouth 1791 ; studied law with Hon. Lot Hall at Westminster, and settled at Randolph; states attorney for Orange County 1803-11; member con- stitutional conventions of 1814 and 1822; represented Randolph in the Legislature 1805-12; being speaker the last five years, and immediately elected U. S. senator to succeed Stephen R. Bradley; resigned at the expiration of his first term of six years to accept a position as chief justice of the supreme court of the state, being re-elected to this post each year imtil 1821 when he retired to resume the practice of law; sent again to the Legislature in 1823-24, and again elected U. S. senator, retiring finally to private life in 1831. He died Feb. 23, 1846, following an accident which resulted in paralysis of his right leg, his wife who was Olivia Brown and whom he married when she was seventeen, surviving him only a few days. FISK, James; born Greenwich, Mass., Oct. 4, 1 763 ; came to Vermont when a mere child, enlisted at age of sixteen in the Revolutionary Army and served three years, returned to Greenwich and at age of twenty-two was a representative to the Massachusetts General Assembly; began to preach as a Universalist preacher and came to Barre in 1798, preached occasion- ally, cleared a farm, studied law, opened an office and rose to eminence and posi- tion ; represented the town nine years from 1800 to 1815, being active in legislation for the observance of the Sabbath, the taxing of liquor selling and the regula- tion of marriage and divorce; was judge of Orange county court 1802-9, and in 1816 one of the three judges of the su- preme court of the state, resigning two years later to accept election to the U. S. senate. Was a representative in Con- gress in 1804, serving two terms, and again from 1811 to 181 5, and then after his two years' service was chosen U. S. sen- ator in 1817 to succeed Dudley Chase, but resigned after two years' service to ac- cept the post of collector of customs for the district of Vermont, which he held for eight years, and during that time moved to Swanton where he died Dec. 1, 1844. He was succeeded in the U. S. senate by William A. Palmer. SEYMOUR, Horatio; born Litchfield, Conn., May 31, 1778; son of Maj. Moses and Mary (Marsh) Seymour; fitted for college and graduated from Yale in 1797; taught an academy for a year at Cheshire, Conn.; attended Judge Reeve's law school at Litchfield for a year, and in October, 1799, came to Middlebury to continue the study of law under Daniel Chipman, and in 1800 was admitted to the bar. Was postmaster at Middlebury nine years; states attorney 1810-13 and 1815-19, and councillor 1809 to 1814. In 1820 he was elected U. S. senator, and re-elected in 1826 after a vigorous contest with Gov- ernor Van Ness; was the Whig candidate for governor in 1833 and 1834. He was judge of probate 1847-56. Middlebury conferred the degree of LL. D. on him in 1847. In 1800 he married Lucy, daughter of Jonah Case of Addison; she died in 1838, leaving three sons and one daughter. He died Nov. 21, 1857. PRENTISS, Samuel, one of the great Whig leaders of his day; was born at Stonington, Conn., March 31, 1782; son of Dr. Samuel Prentiss. His boyhood was passed at Northfield, Mass.; he had only a common school education, studied law at Northfield, Mass., and at Brattle- boro, admitted to Windham County bar 1802, locating at Montpelier. In 1822 he declined election as associate judge of the supreme court ; represented Montpelier in the Legislature 1824-25, and during the latter session was chosen to the supreme court, becoming chief justice four years later; one year later brought a summons to go to Washington to succeed Dudley Chase, being re-elected in 1836, but re- signed before its expiration to accept ap- pointment as judge of the U. S. district 58 E]S'CYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [SWIFT court for the district of Vermont to suc- ceed Elijah Paine, deceased. He con- tinued in this position fourteen years un- til his death, Jan. 15, 1857. In 1804 he married Lucretia, daughter of Edward Houghton of Northfield, who died at Mont- pelier, June 15, 1855. She had twelve children, of whom ten were boys, and all of them who lived to reach manhood be- came lawyers. SWIFT, Benjamin; representative in Congress 1827-31, and senator from 1833-9; born at Amenia, N. Y., April 8, 1780; son of Rev. Job Swift, lawyer, editor, historian of Addison County, a judge of probate and assistant judge there, and secretary of the governor, and council 1813-14. Young Swift studied law at Litchfield, Conn.; began practice at Bennington, but moved to St. Albans in 1809- He was repeatedly a candidate for office on local and county tickets and was two or three times representative from St. Albans. As a Whig he was elected representative to Congress 1827; re- elected in 1829, but withdrew in favor of Heman Allen of Milton who succeeded him. The next year he was brought for- ward as a candidate to U. S. Senate, elected and served the full term until 1839. After his retirement from the senate followed farming and was at work in the field when death overtook him. PHELPS, Samuel S., senator for 13 years; born Litchfield, Conn., May, 1793; entered Yale at age of 14 graduating in 1811; studied law until 1812, came to Middlebury and entered the office of Hor- atio Seymour; served in the war of 1812 in the ranks at Burlington and Platts- burg and afterwards as paymaster; ad- mitted to Addison County Bar 1815; mem- ber of the council of censors 1827; mem- ber of governor's council 1831, and the same year chosen judge of the supreme court, and annually re-elected until 1838 when he was chosen a senator to Congress to succeed Benjamin Swift, and again elected in 1844. In January, 1853, on the death of Senator Upham he was ap- pointed to the vacancy on the recom- mendation of the Vermont delegation in Congress because he was in Washington at the time; he discharged the duties of his office through that session, and returned to Washington the next winter to claim his seat, but as the Legislature had met in the meantime and failed to elect him or anybody else, the Senate refused to admit him on the ground that an executive appointee could not continue after the Legislature had an opportunity to fill the vacancy. He died at his home in Mid- dlebury March 25, 1855. He was twice married and brought up a large family of children of whom the eldest was Hon. Edward J. Phelps, late minister to the Court of St. James. UPHAM, William, for ten years U. S. senator; was born Leicester, Mass., Aug. 5j 1792; son of Captain Samuel Upham who moved to Montpelier in 1802 and settled on a farm. He worked on a farm until he was 15 attending school only win- ters, when his right hand was crushed in a cider mill and he obtained paternal consent to being "educated." He stud- ied law with Samuel Prentiss at Mont- pelier, was admitted to the bar in 1811 and practiced for about 30 years, becom- ing one of the strongest jury advocates the state has ever known. In 1827 elected town representative being re- elected in 1828 and 1830. In 1842 elected U. S. senator to succeed Samuel C. Crafts; at the end of his term he was re-elected but died before completing his term, Jan. 14, 1853. His wife was Sarah Keyes of Ashford, Conn. FOOT, Solomon, senator, representa- tive in Congress for ig years, born in Cornwall Nov. 15, 1802; son of Dr. Sol- omon and Betsey (Crossett) Foot. An orphan at the age of nine, he was self- educated, taught district schools, fitted for college and graduated from Middle- bury 1826. He was four years tutor at ]V;[iddlebury, was preceptor of Castleton Academy and professor of natural phil- osophy at the Vermont Medical School at Castleton. While teaching he had stud- ied law, was admitted to the bar 1831, and settled in practice at Rutland; went to the Legislature in 1833, again in 1836-8, being speaker the last two sessions ; states attorney for Rutland County 1836- 42, and in that year elected representa- tive in Congress as an ardent Whig; his first appearance on the floor being to pre- sent a petition for the "protection of American producers against the unfriendly COLLAMER] THE SENATORS 59 and ruinous competition of foreign na- tions/' a position which he held as long as he was in Congress; he fought the Walker tariff bill in 1846, and was one of the few Republicans to vote against the low tariff bill in 1847. He served two terms in the house and refused re- election to return to the practice of law; was next fall sent to the Legislature by Rutland, re-elected in 1848, and in 1850 was elected by the Senate to succeed Judge Phelps; he carried through bills for the erection of a customs house at Bur- lington and court houses at Rutland and Windsor; and when the extra session of Congress was convened on account of the war July 4, 1861, he was unanimously elected president pro tem. continuing in this position through the 37th and 38th Congresses ; he was with the leaders of his party in sharp antagonism to President Johnson and his policy but died March 28, 1866, before the crisis in that struggle came, though he clearly foresaw it. He was twice married; in 1839 to Emily Fay of Rutland, and second to Mrs. Anna Dora Hodges of Clarendon who survived him. BRAINERD, Lawrence, elected sen- ator to fill out William Upham's term; born East Hartford, March 16, 1794; the fifth of 13 children of Deacon Ezra and Mabel (Porter) Brainerd. When 14 years of age he went to St. Albans on the proceeds of walnuts he had gathered and sold, and with a capital of 75 cents be- gan the struggle of life. He fitted him- self to teach a district school, became a clerk in a store and, in 1816 embarked in business for himself, acquiring additional wealth at every step. His political life began with service as deputy sheriff; in 1834 represented St. Albans in the Leg- islature; abandoned the Whig party in 1840 and was of the 319 in Vermont to cast their votes for Birney for president that year ; was- the Liberty party's can- didate for governor in 1846 and 1847; he presided over the first Republican con- vention July 1854; was a candidate for the state senate from his county, but was beaten by the old Whig animosity. Elected to the U. S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Senator Upham. He married Fidelia Barnet, daughter of WiUiam Gadcomb; she died in 1852; they had 12 children, of whom four sons and two daughters reached maturity; one daughter married J. Greg- ory Smith, afterwards governor, and the other F. S. Stranahan, lieutenant-gov- ernor; the sons Lawrence, Aldis, Erastus P., and Herbert, were all men of prom- inence. COLLAMER, Jacob; judge, represen- tative and senator in Congress, postmas- ter-general under Taylor, the only Ver- monter before Proctor to serve in the cabinet, is the man whose statue as the representative Vermonter stands with that of Ethan Allen in the rotunda of the Capitol at Washington. Was born at Troy, N. Y., Jan. 8, 1791; son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Van Ormun) CoUamer; came to Vermont when four years of age, and by his own energy secured the means for a collegiate and professional educa- tion; graduated at the University of Ver- mont 1810; admitted to the bar 1813; after serving in the frontier campaign as lieutenant of artillery in 1812. In 1816 moved to Royalton where he practiced un- til 1836 when he went to Woodstock; rep- resented Royalton in the Legislatures of 1821, '22, '27 and '28; states attorney for Windsor County 1822-24; member of constitutional convention 1836, that did away with the old governor's council and established a state senate. In 1833 elected assistant judge supreme court, re- elected annually until 1842 when he de- clined further service. The next year he was elected to Congress remaining un- til 1848, but a Legislative caucus that fall recommended him for a cabinet position and President Taylor on his inauguration named him for postmaster-general. On the death of President Taylor in July, 1850, Mr. CoUamer resigned with the rest of the cabinet, and returned to his law practice in Vermont, and was elected circuit judge by the Legislature, holding this office until 1854 when the young Republican party elected him U. S. senator. When his term expired in I860 he was re-elected for a second term and filled even a larger place in national councils. Vermont presented his name at the Chicago con- vention that year for the presidency, and he received ten votes on the first ballot of the convention, the only Vermonter ex- cept Edmunds who has been so honored in the national conventions of either party. He died in his home in Woodstock Nov. 9, 1865. He was a man who was loved by 60 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [POLAND children, by neighbors, by all who knew him. He was a member of the Congre- gational Church for the last twenty years of his life, and he delivered a course of lectures, as reverent as they were learned, on "The Authenticity of the Scriptures." He was for some time professor of med- ical jurisprudence in the Vermont Medical College, at Woodstock, where he gave short but instructive courses of lectures. The University of Vermont conferred the de- gree of LL. D. on him in 1849, and Dart- mouth in I860. Mr. CoUamer wedded, July 15, 1817, Mary N., daughter of Abi- jah Stone, and seven children were the fruit of this union. POLAND, Luke P., chief justice of the supreme court, both senator and represen- tative in Congress; born at Westfofd, Nov. 1, 1815; son of Luther and Nancy (Potter) Poland. His educational ad- vantages were limited to a few weeks each year in the public schools and a few months in the academy at Jericho when he was 1 7 ; was clerk in a store at Water- ville and did work in his father's saw- mill; taught school in the village of Mor- risviUe and studied law in the office of Samuel A. Willard; was admitted to the bar in 1836 and 12 years later became one of the judges of the supreme court. Was register of probate for Lamoille County 1839-40; member of state constitutional convention 1843, and states attorney 1844-5; in I860 chosen chief justice of the supreme court and held it until his election as senator in 1865, continuing two years. On the death of Senator Collamer, having some years before moved to the east side of the mountain and made St. Johnsbury his home, he was chosen by the Legislature to fill out the unexpired term of a little over a year, and in 1866 was elected representative to the lower House of Congress and Morrill trans- ferred to the Senate which position he held by successive re-elections until 1875. Was chairman of the state's delegation to the Republican national convention in 1876; two years later St. Johnsbury sent him to the State Legislature, and in 1882, he made something of a contest with Senator Morrill for the latter's seat in the Senate. A surprise party however in the conven- tion of the new second district secured him the nomination for the House away from General Grout, but he served only one term. In 1838, he married Martha Smith Page of Waterbury, who died 1853; they had three children; in 1854 married Adelia H., sister of his deceased wife. Judge Poland died July 2, 1887. EDMUNDS, George Franklin, Phila- delphia, Pa. Lawyer, statesman. Born Richmond, Feb. 1, 1828; son of Eben- ezer and Naomi (Briggs) Edmunds. Educated in common schools and with private tutor. Studied law in office of A. B. Maynard, Richmond, 1846-7; and Smalley & Phelps, BurUngton, 1847-9; admitted to Vermont Bar 1849, and to partnership with Mr. Maynard in Rich- mond; removed to Burlington 1851, where he soon forged his way to the front against such formidable competitors as Ex-Lieutenant Governor Underwood, Ed- ward J. Phelps, and David A. Smalley. Represented Burlington in Vermont Leg- islature 1854-59; speaker 1856-9; sena- tor from Chittenden County and president pro tem 1861 and 1862; United States Senator 1866-91; resigned. Member Electoral Commission 1877; largely supported, against his protest, for president of United States in National Republican Convention 1880. Author of act of Mar. 22, 1882, for suppression of polygamy in Utah and disfranchisement of those who practice it, known as Ed- munds Act; also of the anti-trust law of 1890; president pro tem of U. S. Senate during presidency of Gen. Chester A. Arthur; was leader in Senate on Republi- can side; notable as a constitutional law- yer. In 1897 became chairman of Monteray Commission appointed by ex- ecutive committee of the Indianapolis Conference. MORRILL, Justin Smith, born at Strafford, April 14, 1810; son of Nathan- iel and Mary (Hunt) Morrill. Educated in the public schools, Thetford and Ran- dolph academies; at the age of 15 entered a store as clerk; went to Portland, Me., in 1828 to fill a similar position; returned to Strafford in 1831 and became the part- ner of Jedediah Harris, leading merchant in town, business connection terminat- ing with the death of Judge Harris in 1855; in 1854 received the nomination of the Whig party convention of his district for Congress and he was elected by a small majority, taking his seat Dec. 3, ROSS] THE SENATORS 61 1855; and thereafter affiliated with the new Republican party. He opposed the tariff in 1857 and carried through the House the first bill against Mormon polyg- amy; introduced the first bill to grant free lands for agricultural, scientific and industrial colleges ; it was vetoed by Presi- dent Buchanan but was again introduced and carried through by Mr. Morrill 1 862 ; he was five times re-elected to the House where his influence was greater than any other member with the exception of Thad- deus Stevens. During the war he had charge of all tariff and tax legislation, and the "Morrill tariff" of 1861, and the in- ternal revenue tax system of 1862. In 1866, after 12 years of honorable service in the House he was transferred to the U. S. Senate where he was authority on all questions relating to finance and tax- ation, and his period of service in the na- tional Legislature was as remarkable for its duration as it was distinguished for its usefulness. Died Dec. 28, 1898. In 1851 he married Ruth Swan of Easton, Mass. ROSS, JoNATHANj St. Johnsbury. Sen- ator 1899-1900. Born Waterford, April 30, 1826; son of Royal and Eliza (Ma- son) Ross. Educated in the common schools ; select school at Waterford ; Phil- lips Academy, Danville; St. Johnsbury Academy; Dartmouth College, A. B. 1851; LL. D. 1855. In 1852 married Eliza Ann Ca-rpenter, who died 1886; they had eight children, Caroline C, Elizabeth, Helen M. (deceased), Julia (Mrs. A. C. Aldrich), Martha (Mrs. J. W. Titcomb), Edith (Mrs. C. W. Braley), Edward Harlan, and Jonathan C. For his second wife married Miss Helen Dag- gett. Taught in Craftsbury, and was principal at Chelsea Academy for some time; studied law with Hon. William He- bard; admitted to Orange County Bar 1856; in partnership with A. J. Willard at St. Johnsbury two years; with G. A. Burbank one year, and with W. P. Smith a year. Treasurer Passumpsic Savings Bank 1858-68; states attorney Caledonia County 1 862-3 ; represented St. Johns- bury in Legislature 1865, '66, '67; mem- ber council of censors 1869; senator from Caledonia County 1870; assistant judge supreme court of Vermont 1870-90; chief judge 1890 to Jan. 11, 1899, when he re- signed to fill the vacancy in U. S. Senate caused by the death of Hon. Justin S. Morrill. Dec. 1, 1900, appointed by gov- ernor as chairman state railroad commis- sion, serving two years, thereafter devot- ing his time to the profession of law until his death at St. Johnsbury, . REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS The following is a complete list of the Representatives in Congress for Ver- mont. Biographical sketches of the entire list are given on the following pages, with exceptions noted. Nathaniel Niles 1791-95 *Israel Smith 1791-97 Daniel Buck 1795-99 Matthew Lyon 1797-1801 Lewis R. Morris 1797-1803 t Israel Smith 1801-03 William Chamberlain .. 1803-05 *Martin Chittenden 1803-13 James Elliot 1803-09 Gideon Olin 1803-07 t James Fisk 1805-09 James Witherell 1807-08 Samuel Shaw 1808-13 William Chamberlain .. 1809-1 1 Jonathan H. Hubbard.1809-11 t James Fisk 1811-15 William Strong 1811-15 WilUam C. Bradley. . .1813-15 *Ezra Butler 1813-15 *Richard Skinner 1813-15 Charles Rich 1813-15 Daniel Chipman 1815-17 Luther Jewett 1815-17 Chauncey Langdon . . . 1815-17 Asa Lyon 1815-17 Charles Marsh 1815-17 John Noyes 1815-17 Heman Allen of Col- chester 1817-18 tSamuel C. Crafts 1817-26 William Hunter 1817-19 Orsamus C. Merrill.. . .1817-19 Charles Rich 1817-25 Henry Olin 1834-35 Mark Richards 1817-21 William Strong 1819 JU Ezra Meech 1819-21 RoUin C. Mallory 1819 -:U Elias Keyes 1821-23 *John Mattocks 1821-23 Phineas White 1821-23 William C. Bradley. . .1823-27 D. Azro A. Buck 1833-29 Ezra Meech 1825-37 *John Mattocks 1825-27 George E. Wales 1825-29 Heman Allen of Milton . 1827-39 tBenjamin Swift 1827-31 Jonathan Hunt 1837-32 WiUiam Cahoon 1827-33 Horace Everett 1839-43 *WilUam Slade 1831-43 Heman Allen of Mllton.1833-39 *Hiland Hall 1833-43 Benjamin F. Deming. .1833-35 Henry F. Janes 1835-37 Isaac Fletcher 1837-41 John Smith 1839-41 Augustus Young 1841-43 *John Mattocks 1841-43 George P. Marsh 1843-49 tSolomon Foot 1843-47 *Paul Dillingham 1843-47 t Jacob CoUamer 1843-49 William Henry 1847-51 Lucius Peck 184,7-51 William Hebard 1849-53 James Meacham 1849-56 Ahiman L. Miner 1851-53 Thomas Bartlett, Jr... 1851-53 Andrew Tracey 1853-55 Alvah Sabin 1853-57 t Justin S. Morrill 1855-67 George T. Hodges 1856-57 Eliakim P. Walton. .. .1857-63 Homer E. Royce 1857-61 Portus Baxter 1861-67 Fred'k E. Woodbridge 1863-69 Worthington C. Smith. 1867-73 tLuke P. Poland 1867-75 Charles W. Willard ... 1869-75 *George W. Hendee .... 1873-79 Dudley C. Denison. .. .1875-79 Charles H. Joyce 1875-83 Bradley Barlow 1879-81 James M. Tyler 1879-83 William W. Grout 1881-83 tLuke P. Poland 1883-85 *John W. Stewart 1883-92 William W. Grout 1881-83 1885-1900 H. Henry Powers. . .1893-1900 Kittredge Haskins 1901-09 David J. Foster 1901-13 Frank Plumley 1909- Frank L. Greene 1913- *Biographical sketch will be found among "The Governors." fBiographical sketch will be found among "The Senators." NILES, Nathaniel; legislator, speaker, councilor, congressman, lawyer, judge, physician, preacher, inventor, and some- thing of a poet; born South Kingston, E. I., April 8, 1741, the grandson of Samuel Niles, of Braintree, Mass.; commenced his collegiate course at Harvard, later grad- uating at Princeton; studied theology under Rev. Dr. Bellamy; studied law and medicine, taught school in New York city, preached at Norwich and Torrington, Conn., and indulged himself with mechan- ical experiments; invented a process of making wire from bar iron by water power, later building at Norwich, Conn., a woolen card manufactory. He was an ardent patriot in the Revolution; author of the ode entitled "The American Hero," 1776, and which became a war song of New England soldiers; came to West Fair- lee and settled near center of town, preach- ing Sundays in his own house for 12 years; elected to the Legislature 1784 and chosen speaker; in 1784 was also elected with Moses Robinson and Ira Allen an agent to Congress to "transact and negotiate busi- ness of this state with that body." Judge of the supreme court 1784-8; member of the council 1785-7, and served in the con- stitutional convention of 1791, taking the lead with Chipman in securing the ratifi- cation of the Federal constitution; served in Congress 1791-5; again represented Fairlee in the Legislatures of 1800, '01, 64 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [BUCK '02, and in 1812, '13, '14; again member of council of censors 1799, and again re- turned to the governor's council 1803-8, and in the constitutional convention 1814. In politics, Mr. Niles was a Jeffersonian Republican, and for 20 years the most steadfast and popular champion of Dem- ocratic views in Vermont. A resolute antagonist of slavery, he led in formulat- ing the demand of the state in 1805 for a constitutional amendment to forever pro- hibit the importation of slaves into the country; he "entered a solemn protest" against some of the lottery legislation of 1804; was chairman of the committee in 1814 that reported against the constitu- tional amendment proposed by Tennessee and Pennsylvania to reduce the term of senators from six to four years ; was chair- man on the part of the House of joint committee to consider the invitation of ^Massachusetts to send delegates to the Hartford convention, and which to the lasting credit of Vermont, by unanimous vote of the committee, reported against having anything to do with this traitorous scheme. He strenuously opposed the bank bill schemes proposed so thickly in the early years of the century, finally as- senting in 1 806 to the compromise for the establishment of the Vermont State Bank. At the age of nearly seventy-four he re- tired from his thirty years of almost con- tinuous public service, and passed the rest of his days until his death in November, 1828, at his home in West Fairlee. Judge Niles was twice married, first to a daugh- ter of Rev. Dr. Joseph Lathrop of West Springfield, Mass., and second to Eliza- beth Watson of Plymouth, Mass. He left two sons, one of them, Nathaniel, became U. S. consul at Sardinia, acting plenipo- tentiary to Austria, and secretary of le- gation at the Court of St. James under General Cass. BUCK, Daniel, a lawyer by profes- sion, was one of the earliest settlers of the state ; represented Norwich in the Legislature several years, and held the speaker's chair 1795,-6; again in Legis- lature in 1806; in 1792 counsel for Ira Allen in the fight in the Legislature over the latter's accounts, one phase of which resulted in political revolution and ousted Governor Chittenden from office one term; member of the convention at Benningtpn that adopted the act of union, but took the lead in opposing that action and urg- ing Vermont to continue an independent little republic by herself; took a leading part in the passage of the act of 1806, empowering judges of the supreme court of judicature to grant divorces; was ac- tive in the Legislature of 1806 for the es- tablishment of a state bank; served as states attorney 1794, and one of the state's representatives in Congress 1795- 9, being an ardent Federalist, while his colleague, Matthew Lyon, was a red-hot Democrat. His declining years were spent in Chelsea, where he practiced his profession until his death in 1817. LYON, Matthew, elected to Congress from three states, was born in Wicklow, Ireland, about 1746; attended school at Dublin where he obtained an English education and a smattering of Latin; ap- prenticed to a printer and bookbinder, but at the age of 1 3 a sea captain induced him to run away and come to America, even though it meant 15 years of slavery to pay his passage. He was in Vermont in 1776, and with a lieutenant's commis- sion was stationed at Jericho with a squad of men, who later refused to serve be- cause of support and Lyon was court- martialed and cashiered for cowardice. He was reinstated in July, 1777, and made paymaster of the Northern army. After the battle of Bennington he was a farm laborer of Governor Chittenden who made him his deputy-secretary and clerk of the court of confiscation; became a captain and colonel of the militia; repre- sented Arlington in the Legislature 1779- 82; moved to Fair Haven in 1783, where he conducted a saw and grist mill, and erected an iron mill in 1785 and a paper mill soon after.. In the iron mill he turned out hoes, axes and nail rods; made paper from basswood long years before it was thought of anywhere else; was se- lectman in Fair Haven 1788, 1790, and 1791; the town's representative in the Legislature ten years, and later estab- lished "The Farmers Library" and a political sheet, the "Fair Haven Gazette" ; was assistant judge of county court 1786; and on the admission of the state into the Union became a red-hot Dem- ocratic leader, and immediately a candidate for Congress; contested the election with Israel Smith and Isaac Tichenor in 1791, '9S, '95; in 1795 was elected to Congress, ELLIOT] THE REPRESENTATIVES e5 taking his seat in 1797, he and Andrew Jackson in the Senate being the two most rabid anti-Washington men in Congress. He had many bitter fights in Congress, but the thing with which Lyon's name is most strikingly linked in history is his martyrdom to the alien and sedition law. At the fall term of U. S. court in Rutland in 1798 he was indicted for "scurrilous, scandalous, malicious, and defamatory language" about President Adams, pub- lished in the Windsor Journal; he pleaded his own case at the trial, but was con- victed and sentenced to four months' im- prisonment and a $1,000 fine, and was confined in jail at Vergennes and treated with much hardship. While in jail he was re-elected to Congress by 500 major- ity; his journey thither being one of tri- umph in a coach and four under the American flag. In a prolonged contro- versy over the presidential election in 1800, he cast the vote of the state for Jefferson. At the expiration of his term in Congress he moved to Kentucky, es- tablished the first printing office in the state and was elected to Congress in 1804; moved to Arkansas, and in 1820 was again elected to Congress, but died at Little Rock, Aug. 1, before taking his seat. In 1840 Congress refunded to Colonel Lyon's heirs the fine he had paid in Vermont under the sedition law. MORRIS, Lewis R., six years Con- gressman; a native of New York, where he was born Nov. 2, 1760; settled in Springfield about 1786; was a member of the Bennington convention that voted to ratify the Federal constitution, and one of the commissioners to Congress that completed the negotiation for admission to the Union in 1791; represented Spring- field in the Legislature 1795-6; 1803- '05-'06-'08; secretary of the constitu- tional Convention at Windsor 1793; mem- ber National House of Representatives 1797 to 1803. Soon after settling in Springfield he married the daughter of Rev. Buckley Olcott oi Charlestown, N. H., who lived but a few years, and later he married Ellen, daughter of Gen. Arad Hunt of Vernon. He died at Vernon, Dec. 29, 1825. CHAMBERLAIN, William; soldier, councilor, judge, congressman, and lieu- tenant-governor; born Hopkinton, Mass., in 1758, and when 20 years old moved with his father to London, N. H.; en- listed promptly when the war for inde- pendence opened, was in the Canada ex- pedition as an orderly sergeant, and one of nine officers and privates out of a com- pany of seventy that survived to take part in the battle of Trenton, N. J. Return- ing to his New Hampshire home, he vol- unteered again upon Burgoyne's invasion and was in the battle of Bennington where he distinguished himself by his bravery; settled in Peacham about 1780 and was town clerk for 12 years; jus- tice of the peace 24 years; town repre- sentative 12 years; chief judge of Cale- donia County court 17 years, and coun- cilor seven years, 1796-1803. Was twice elected to Congress, 1802 and again in 1808; the Federalist victory of 1813 elected him lieutenant-governor with Martin Chittenden, and they were re- elected in 1814; was an Adams presiden- tial elector in 1800. The close and hard- fought election of 1815 retired him to private life finally, though he ran a lit- tle better than Chittenden. He died Sept. 27, 1828. ELLIOT, James; born Gloucester, Mass., Aug. 18, 1775, and reared as a farm servant in the family of Colonel Sanderson of Petersham; was taught the rudiments of grammar by his employer, but otherwise was self-educated. He came to Guilford when fifteen, and en- gaged as a clerk; fiUed with military ar- dor, at age of eighteen he enlisted at Springfield, Mass., and was in service three years against the insurgents in Pennsylvania and the Indians in Ohio. Returning to Guilford in 1798, he pub- lished a 278-page volume of his political and miscellaneous works ; read law, was admitted to the bar and settled in prac- tice in Brattleboro. He was elected to Congress to succeed Lewis R. Morris, and on retiring in 1809 published a paper for a time in Philadelphia; entered the army in the war of 1812 as a captain, but after brief service returned to Vermont and resumed the practice of law at Brattle- boro; elected to the Legislature in 1818- 19; removed to Newfane and was again sent to the Legislature in 1837-8; was county clerk, judge of probate, and the 66 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [OLIN last two years of life was states at- torney. He died Nov. 10, 1839, aged 64 years. OLIN, Gideon; a Congressman and one of the founders of the state, was born in Rhode Island in 1743 and came to Vermont and settled in Shaftsbury in 1776; was delegate to Windsor conven- tion of June 4, 1777, and a representa- tive in the first Legislature under the new state government in 1778; in the Legislature from 1780 to 1793, and speaker from 1788 to 1793; judge of Bennington County court 1781-98; served in the council from 1793-8, and again as judge 1800-2, and chief judge 1807-11, a total judicial service of twen- ty-three years. He was a delegate to the constitutional convention of 1791 and 1793, and was in Congress two terms, from 1803 to 1807. He died in Jan- uary 1823. Congressman Abraham B. OUn of New York was his son and Con- gressman Henry Olin of this state his nephew. WITHEEELL, James; Congressman 1807-8; born Mansfield, Mass., June 16, 1759; enlisted at age of 16 in the Rev- olutionary service, continuing therein from the early siege of Boston until peace was won and the army disbanded in 1783, when he came out as an officer with $70 in Continental currency. Studied medicine at Mansfield, and in 1789 be- gan practice at Fair Haven, where he married Amy Hawkins, a lineal descend- ant of Roger Williams. He was a red- hot Democrat and a hearty associate of Matthew Lyon; represented Fair Haven from 1789 to 1802; assistant judge of Rutland County court 1801-3, and chief justice 1803-6; councilor 1802-7, when he was elected to Congress; before his term was completed President Jefferson appointed him one of the judges of the territory of Michigan, with executive and legislative duties to perform as well as judicial. In the war of 1812 he com- manded a corps at Detroit and when the post fell before the British he refused to surrender his command but allowed his men to disperse and escape while he re- mained to be taken prisoner. He again lived in Fair Haven while on parole, but when exchanged returned to Detroit, and in 1826 President John Quincv Adams appointed him secretary of the territory. He died at Detroit Jan. 9, 1838. SHAW, Samuel; Congressman 1808- 13; a Democrat of the Matthew Lyon school, was born at Dighton, Mass., in December, 1768; came to Putney when 10 years of age, and at 19 settled himself at Castleton and began, after two years of study, the practice of medicine; repre- sented Castleton ia Legislature 1800-7, when he was elected to both houses, but accepted the office of councilor; defeated the following year, he was elected to Con- gress, serving from 1808 to 1813; on his retirement was appointed surgeon in the U. S. army, attaining an eminence which was remarkable, considering his limited education. He died at Clarendon, Oct. 22, 1827. HUBBARD, Jonathan Hatch; Con- gressman 1 808-1 1 ; born in Windsor in 1768; died there Sept. 20, 1849; had a liberal education and studied law and was admitted to bar in 1790, practicing until his election to Congress in 1808. He served until 1811, and in 1813 be- came judge of the supreme court of Ver- mont, continuing in office until 1815. STRONG, William; Congressman 1811-15, 1819-20; born at Lebanon, Conn., in 1 763 ; son of Benajahand Polly (Bacon) Strong; was self-educated by means of books he could borrow, and for several years was engaged in making land surveys in Grand Isle county. Return- ing to Hartford and engaging in farming' he quickly became a man of influence in the community; represented Hartford in the Legislature 1798-9, 1801, '02, '15, 'l6, '17, and '18; was sheriff of Windsor county eight years, from 1802 to 1810; judge of supreme court of Windsor county in 1817, and a member of the council of censors in 1834; first elected to Congress 1811, serving two terms; in 1819 returned again, serving one term. In 1793 married Abigail Hutchinson of Norwich; they had nine children; of these, John P. and Charles were woolen manufacturers at Quechee. He died Jan. 28, 1840, at the age of seventy- seven. BRADLEY, William C, Congress- man 1813-15, 1823-7; born Westminster, LANGDON] THE REPRESENTATIVES 67 March 23, 1782; son of Senator Stephen R. and Merab (Atwater) Bradley. He was twice a congressman, long the leader of the Jacksonian Democracy of the state, and in the opinion of Pliney White, "all things considered the greatest man Vermont has produced." He began to write poetry at the age of six years, and when twelve his first prose work, "The Rights of Youth," was published; was a great Bible student, and at the age of eleven was fitted for college; at twelve was studying Hebrew; at thirteen he en- tered Yale, but was expelled before his freshman year had ended; at eighteen was secretary of the commissioners of bankruptcy, and before he was of age was states attorney for Windham County holding this position seven years; at twenty-four represented his town in the Legislature; at thirty was a member of the governor's council, and at thirty-two was sent to Congress; was Democratic nominee for governor in 1830, 1834, '35, '36; twice in 1837-8, joined the Free Soil party in 1848, and later the Republican party. Elected to Congress as a Jef- fersonian Democrat in 1812; at the ex- piration of his term he was appointed agent of the United States, under the treaty of Ghent, for fixing the north- eastern boundary, a work that required five years; again elected to Congress in 1822 and 1824; again represented West- minster in the Legislature of 1850 and was a member of the constitutional con- vention of 1857. In 1858, after fifty- six years of practice, he took leave of the bar at Newfane. He died at West- minster in March, 1867, following soon the death of his wife, a woman of rare beauty of person and character. RICH, Charles; Congressman 1817- 25; born Warwick, Mass., Sept. IS, 1771, coming to Shoreham with his father in 1787, making the distance on foot. At- tended school for fifteen months, his aid being required by his father in clearing land and erecting mills. In 1791 mar- ried a daughter of Nicholas Wells; com- menced life on land given him by Mrs. Rich's father, becoming a wealthy man. A Democrat; represented Shoreham in the Legislature in 1800, and re-elected eleven times; elected to Congress 1812, and re-elected except for the term of 1815-17, till 1825. CHIPMAN, Daniel; Congressman 1815-17; brother of Nathaniel, the young- est of seven sons, born Salisbury, Conn., Oct. 22, 1763; fitted for college at Tin- mouth, graduated at Dartmouth 1788; LL. D. from Middlebury 1849; studied law with his brother, opened an office in Poultney 1790, but moved to Middlebury in 1794; represented Middlebury in Leg- islature eight years, was speaker in 1813 and 1814, and member of governor's council 1808. In 1814 was elected to Congress, resigning on account of ill health after one session; moved to Rip- ton 1828, and in 1822 published a treatise on law contracts; appointed reporter of decisio]is of supreme court 1 823 ; states attorney for Addison County 1797 to 1817; member five different- constitution- al conventions, 1793, 1814, 1836, 1843, 1850. In attending the latter, at age of 84, he incurred the disease that ended in his death. JEWETT, Luther; Congressman 1815-17; physician, preacher and editor of St. Johnsbury's first paper; born Can- terbury, Conn., in 1772; graduated at Dartmouth 1792; came to St. Johnsbury 1800, where he practiced medicine; li- censed to preach by the Coos Association, and did so for ten years. In 1827 started the first paper in St. Johnsbury, "The Friend," (anti-Masonic). July S, 1828, he issued the first number of the Farmers' Herald, Whig in politics, con- tinuing it four years; in 1815 elected to Congress, serving one term. He died in I860 at age of eighty-seven. LANGDON, Chauncy; Congressman 1815-17; born Farmington, Conn., Nov. 8, 1763; son of Ebenezer Langdon; grad- uated at Yale 1787; studied law at Litch- field, and removed to "the Grants" in 1788. Came first to Windsor, later go- ing to Castleton; was register of probate 1792-7; judge of probate 1798-9; repre- sented Castleton in Legislature 1813-14, 1817, '19, '20, and 1822; elected to Con- gress with the full Federalist delegation 1814, the party's last stand in Vermont. Was councilor 1808, and 1828-30; trus- tee Middlebury College nineteen years. He died at Castleton July 28, 1830, and with his wife who died four years later, is buried at Castleton. They left one daughter and two sons: Lucy, (Mrs. ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [LYON Chas. K. Williams of Rutland) ; Benja- min Franklin^ who succeeded his father as lawyer and judge at Castleton, and John Jaj, who moved to the South. LYON, Asa; Congressman 1815-17; born Pomfretj Conn., Dec. 31, 1763; died April 4, 1841; graduated Dartmouth 1790; preached at Sunderland, Mass., nearly a year; soon after appeared at Grand Isle, which was originally united with North and South Hero in one town under the name of the Two Heroes. Here he organized the first Congregational Church, serving as its minister forty years, his services for the most part be- ing gratuitous. He was also the fore- most public man of the community and its political leader; represented South Hero in the Legislature 1799 imtil 1803; 1804-7, and in 1808 until he entered the council; represented Grand Isle in the Senate 1812-15, when he was elected to Congress. Was chief judge of County Court 1805, '06, '08, and 1813. A Fed- eralist; led the opposition to Governor Galusha in the Legislature of 1811. MARSH, Charles; Congressman 1815- 17; born Lebanon, Conn., July 10, 1765; son of Lieut-Gov. Joseph Marsh; came to Hartford 1773; graduated from Dart- mouth 1786; took a course in the law school of Judge Reeves at Litchfield, Conn., and practiced at Woodstock; in 1797 appointed by President Washington district attorney for the district of Ver- mont; elected to Congress 1814, serving one term; one of the founders of the American Colonization Society; chosen one of the board of trustees of Dartmouth College in 1809, continuing until his death at Woodstock, Jan. 11, 1849. The degree of LL. D. was conferred on him by Dartmouth College.- In 1793 he mar- ried Nancy Collins of Litchfield, Conn., and after her decease he married Susan, widow of Josiah Arnold of St. Johnsbury. There were two children by the first wife and five by the second; one son, Lyndon Arnold, was a lawyer at Woodstock and register of probate for the district; Charles, a lawyer, died at the age of twenty-seven, and Joseph was professor of theory and practice in the University of Vermont. NOYES, John; Congressman 1815- 17; born Atkinson, N. H. ; graduated at Dartmouth 1795, and became a tutor there, among his pupils being Daniel Webster; engaged in theological study and fitted himself for the ministry, but gave it up and resumed teaching; in 1800 moved to Brattleboro and engaged in trade with General Mann, the grandfather of the wife of Gen. Geo. B. McClellan. Mr. Noyes represented the town in the Legislature 1800-10, 1812, and in 1814 was elected to Congress, serving one term; removed to Dummerston, where he lived four years, then retired to a farm in Putney where he died Oct. 26, 1841. He wedded, in 1804, Polly, the oldest daughter of Rutherford Hayes, the grandfather, of the President. ALI,EN, Heman; Congressman 1817- 1 8 ; "Chili" Allen, as he was called to dis- tinguish him from his distant relative, Heman Allen of Milton, who was also in Congress, was born at Poultney in 1779, son of Heber Allen and nephew of Ethan and Ira, both at Poultney in 1779- Fol- lowing his father's death he was adopted by his uncle Ira at Colchester, given a good education and graduated from Dart- mouth 1795; adopted the profession of law, but did not practice; sheriff of Chit- teiiden County 1808-9; chief justice of Chittenden County 1811-14; active mem- ber of the Legislature 1812-17; was quar- termaster of militia, with title of brig- adier, and a trustee of the University of Vermont. Elected representative to Congress in 1817, but resigned in 1818 to accept from President Monroe the of- fice of U. S. Marshal for the district of Vermont; in 1823 appointed minister to Chili, resigning 1828; in 1830 appointed president of the U. S. Branch Bank at Burlington, which he held until the ex- piration of its charter, after which he set- tled at Highgate where he died April 9, 1852, being buried in the Allen cemetery at Burlington. HUNTER, William; 1817-19; born in member of the Legislature state councilor 1809, 1814, representative to Congress, Dec. 1, 1817, to March 3, Congressman — , Vermont; 1807, 1809; 1815; elected serving from 1819. KEYES] THE REPRESENTATIVES 69 MERRILL, Orasmus C; Congressman 1817-19; born Farmington, Conn., June 18, 1775; came to Bennington April, 1791, and apprenticed to Anthony Has- well, a printer; engaged in business for himself, his first printed book being Web- ster's spelling book; studied law and ad- mitted to the bar June, 1804; major U. S. infantry March 3, 1813; lieutenant- colonel 26th infantry as rifleman, Sept. 4, 1814; transferred to 11th infantry as lieutenant-colonel Sept. 26, 1814; register of probate 1815; clerk of the courts 1818; member of Congress 1817-19; repre- sented Bennington in constitutional con- vention and Legislature 1822; judge pro- bate court 1822, 1841, 1846; states at- torney 1823-4; councilor 1824-6, and member first state senate; also post- master several years. Was defeated for re-election to Congress 1818 by R. C. Mallory; died April 12, 1865. The late Timothy Merrill of Montpelier was his brother. RICHARDS, Mark; Congressman 1817-21; born Waterbury, Conn., July 15, 1760; a soldier of the Revolution at age of sixteen, in service at Stony Point, Monmouth, Red Bank and Valley Forge; settled in Boston and became wealthy in mercantile pursuits; moved to West- minster in 1796; represented the town in Legislature 1801, 1802, 1804, 1805; sheriff Windham County 1806-10; in gov- ernor's council 1813-15; elected to Con- gress I8I6, serving two terms; repre- sented his town 1824-6, 1828; lieutenant- governor 1830-1, on the ticket with Gov- ernor Crafts. Again in the Legislature 1832-4. He died at Westminster, Aug. 10, 1844, aged eighty-four. MEECH, Ezra; Congressman 1819- 21, 1825-7; born New London, Conn., July 26, 1773, and came with his father to Hinesburg 1785. A hunter and trap- per, he branched out into the fur trade, became associated with John Jacob As- tor in it, and in I8O6 became agent of the Northwest Fur Co.; in 1809 was agent for supplying the British government with spars and timber; in 1795 opened a store at Charlotte Four Corners; pur- chased a farm in I8O6 on the lake shore in Shelburne, opened a store there and continued in fur trade; engaged in manu- facture of potash and in 1808 in oak lum- ber which he shipped to Quebec. Elected to the Legislature 1805-7; chief justice Chittenden County court 1822-3; mem- ber constitutional conventions 1820-6; elected to Congress 1818, and again in 1824. His candidacies for governor were during the period that the state was swept by anti-Masonry, and it was under his leadership that the skeleton of a Democratic organization was preserved; but before 1840 he became a Whig. He was twice married, in 1800 to Mary Mc- Neil, who died while he was in Congress, and subsequently to Mrs. L. N. Clark. He died at Shelburne, Sept. 23, 1856, aged eighty-three. MALLORY, RoLLiN Carlos; Con- gressman 1819-31; born Cheshire, Conn., May 27, 1784; graduated from Middle- bury 1805; studied law with Horatio Seymour at Middlebury and Robert Temple at Rutland, and settled at Castle- ton in 1806; taught one year; admitted to the bar 1807 and practiced tiU 1818, when he moved to Poultney. Was sec- retary of the governor and council 1807, 1809-12, 1815-19; states attorney for Rutland County 1811-13, and I8I6; elected to Congress 1818, serving until 1831, becoming a leader among protec- tionists; was chairman of committee on manufactures that reported the tariif of 1828 — a "tariff of abominations," as the Democrats called it, that led to South Carolina's act of nullification. This tar- iff was projected at first in the interest of the woolen manufacturers, but ended in including all the manufacturing inter- ests. His sudden death at Baltimore, Md., April 15, 1831, cut short a career which promised to be continent-wide, and hardly second to that of Clay, Webster and Hayne, in the great economic struggle ushered in by the 1828 tariff. KEYES, Elias; Congressman 1821-3; a native of Ashford, Conn., was one of the first settlers of Stockbridge, whitler he came in 1784 or '85. He represented the town sixteen years, and was in the governor's council fourteen years, from 1803 to 1818, except the one term of 1814; assistant judge Windham County court, 1806-14; chief judge 1815-17; member constitutional convention 1814, and in Congress 1821-3. 70 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEKMONT BIOGRAPHY [WHITE WHITE, Phineas; Congressman 1821- 3; a native of South Hadley, Mass.; born Oct. 30, 1770; graduated from Dartmouth 1797; studied law with Charles Marsh at Woodstock and Judge Samuel Porter at Dummerston; began practice at Putney 1800; postmaster 1802-9; register of probate 1800-9; states attorney 1813; represented his town 1815-20; judge of probate several years, and chief judge of the county 1818-20, or until elected to Congress. On his return he gave up law and took up farming; member constitutional conven- tion 1836; state senator 1838-40, and prominent in Masonry, being grand mas- ter of the grand lodge of the state. He died at Putney, July 6, 1847, aged sev- enty-six. His wife, Esther, whom he married July 1, 1801, survived him for nine years. BUCK, Daniel Azro A., son of the former, also speaker in Congress, was born in Norwich, Jan. 16, 1789; graduated from Middlebury College 1807; student at Military Academy at West Point; com- missioned a lieutenant in the army in 1808; resigned in 1811 and studied law; in 1813 raised a company of rangers and served until 1815, becoming captain of the 21st Regiment in the U. S. army; practiced law at Chelsea; member of the . Legislature l6 years, 12 years as speaker, a length of service equalled only by Gid- eon Olin and James L. Martin in the whole history of the state; states at- torney for Washington County six years ; presidential elector 1820; represented Vermont in Congress 1822 and 1826; died at Washington, D. C, Dec. 24, 1841. OLIN, Henry; Congressman 1824-5; born Salisbury, May 6, 1768; son of Justice and Sarah (Dwinell) Olin, and nephew of the distinguished patriot, Gideon Olin. Settled in Leicester 1788; represented his town in the Legislature 1799 and re-elected, except for four years, until 1825, and to the council in 1820 and 1821. This twenty-three years of legislative service was matched by a similar period on the bench. As- sistant judge of county court when twenty-three years old, holding place eight years; then chief judge for fifteen years more. In 1824 elected to Con- gress to fiU unexpired term of Charles Rich; lieutenant-governor 1827-30; mem- ber constitutional conventions of 1814, '22 and '28. He died at Salisbury in August, 1837, having moved there the previous spring. WALES, George E., Congressman 1825-9; born Westminster, May 13, 1792; studied law at Westminster and Wood- stock, admitted to bar in 1812, and set- tled at Hartford that year; represented Hartford in the Legislature 1822-4; elected speaker in his first term on the resignation of D. Azro A. Buck, holding the position as long as he was in the house. A nomination to Congress fol- lowed these triumphs, and he was elected in 1825 and in 1829. His habits of dissipation and prominence in Masonry, being grand master in 1825-7, wrecked his political career; he was judge of pro- bate 1847-50, and town clerk 1840 un- til his death at Hartford, Jan. 8, I860. His wife was Amanda Lathrop of Shar- on, by whom he had seven children. ALLEN, Heman, of Milton; Con- gressman 1827-9, 1832-9; born Ashfield, Mass., June 14, 1777; the son of Enoch Allen. On his mother's side he de- scended from Elijah Belding, first town clerk of Deerfield. An orphan at twelve, the family came to Grand Isle where two of his uncles had preceded him, Heman remaining behind two years for a course of study at Chesterfield, N. H.; at Grand Isle he studied with Rev. Asa Lyon; read law with Elnathan Keyes at Burlington and Judge Turner at Fair- field, and opened a law office at Milton, where he won a high reputation as the best real estate lawyer in the circuit. He represented Milton in the Legislature 1810, and for eleven years thereafter whenever he would be a candidate; was Milton's earliest lawyer and a man uni- versally admired. Was first nominated for Congress in 1826, serving only one term, but again elected in 1832 and three times thereafter, and several times a col- league of his namesake of Colchester in the Legislature. Dec. 4, 1804, he mar- ried Sarah, daughter of Dr. John Pren- tiss of St. Albans; they had nine children, of whom five lived to maturity: George became professor of Latin and Greek in the University of Pennsylvania; Joseph W. became a lawyer, and Sarah was the SMITH] THE REPRESENTATIVES 71 wife of Rev. J. R. Converse. Dec. 11, 1844. He died ing the rights of the Indians, at Windsor, Jan. 30, 1851. He died HUNT, Jonathan ; Congressman 18£7-S2; born Aug 12, 1780; son of Jonathan and Lavina (Swan) Hunt; graduated from Dartmouth 1807, stud- ied law at Brattleboro and was admitted to the Windham County Bar. He prac- ticed at Brattleboro; was first president of the old Brattleboro Bank in 1821, hold- ing the position through life. He rep- resented the town in 1816-17, and 1824; succeeded Wm. C. Bradley in Congress 1824, and was twice re-elected, holding the office until his death in Washington, May, 15, 1832. He married Jane Maria Leavitt; among their five children being Wm. Morris Hunt, the artist of world- wide renown, and Richard M. Hunt, the Xew York architect. CAHOON, William; Congressman 1827-33; born Providence, R. I., in 1774; son of Daniel Cahoon and brother of Daniel Cahoon, Jr., the first settler of Lyndon. He succeeded his father as town clerk of Lyndon in 18p8 and held it interruptedly until elected to Congress ; elected town representative 1802 and re- elected eight times; delegate to the consti- tutional conventions of 1814 and 1828; presidential elector 1808, and judge of Caledonia County court 1811-19, and councilor 1815-20. Was for many years one of the most influential Democratic leaders of the state, and one of the can- didates for. councilor counted out in 1813. He obtained the title of general in the militia and was commander of the fourth division at the time of the war of 1812, witlj the rank of major-general. EVERETT, Horace; Congressman 1829-43; born in Vermont in 1780; grad- uated from Brown University 1797; studied law and practiced at Windsor; was states attorney for Windsor county 1813-17; represented Windsor in Legis- lature 1819, 1820, 1822, 1824, 1834, and member state constitutional convention of 1828, and in that year was elected to Congress as a Whig, defeating George E. Wales ; was re-elected to 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th and 27th Congresses, serving from Dec. 7, 1829, to March 3, 1843. His chief fame in Congress was in advocat- DEMING, Benjamin F.; Congress- man 1833-5; born Danville, in 1790; be- gan life as clerk in a store and then a merchant at Danville; county clerk six- teen years, 1817-32; judge of probate 1821-32; and councilor 1827-33; elected to Congress 1833, serving one term. He died while on his way home, at Sara- toga Springs, N. Y., July 11, 1834, aged fcrty-four. JANES, Henry F. ; Congressman 1835-7; born Brimfield, Mass., in Oc- tober, 1792; son of Solomon and Beulah (Fisk) Janes. The family early came to Calais, and he studied law at Mont- pelier, enlisted in a company and was in the battle of Plattsburg in the war of 1812, and settled in Waterbury for the practice of his profession. Was postmas- ter 1820-9; councilor 1830-4; elected to Congress for one term; state treasurer 1838-41; member of the council of cen- sors 1848, and represented Waterbury several terms in the Legislature, his last election being in 1855. In 1826 he mar- ried Fanny, daughter of Gov. Ezra But- ler; and Dr. Henry Janes of Waterbury, a distinguished physician and war sur- geon, was their son. He died June 6, 1879. FLETCHER, Isaac; Congressman 1837-41; a native of Massachusetts, born 1784, and a graduate from Dartmouth. Studied law and began practice at Lyn- don, literally wearing himself out with overwork. Represented Lyndon four years; was states attorney eight years, and adjutant-general on the staff of Gov- ernor Van Ness. His health failed ere he got far in his congressional service, and he died in October, 1842. SMITH, John; Congressman 1839- 41; born Barre, Mass., Aug. 12, 1879; son of Deacon Samuel Smith. The fam- ily moved to St. Albans in 1800, where he studied law with his brother-in-law, Roswell Hutchins, and then with Benja- min Swift, was admitted to the bar in 1810, forming a partnership with Mr. Swift which continued seventeen years, until Mr. Swift went to Congress. He 12 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [YOUNG represented the town in the Legislature 1827-38, with the exception of 1834, and was speaker in '32 and '33; was states attorney seven years, 1827-33. In 1838 elected as a Democrat to Congress, but for only one term, the district being over- whelmingly Whig, the great political storm of 1840 leaving him outside the breastworks. After 1845 he gave his time and energy to railroad enterprises, and it was largely to his boldness of ac- tion that the Vermont & Canada road was made a reality and the last link forged that was to connect New England with the great lakes ; but the strain and anxiety undermined his health and led to his sud- den death, Nov. 20, 1858. He married, Sept. 18, 1814, Miss Maria W. Curtis of Troy, N..Y., and Gov. John Gregory and Congressman Worthington C. Smith were their sons. YOUNG, Augustus ; Congressman 1841-3; born Arlington, March 20, 1785; studied law and was admitted to the bar at St. Albans 1810; began practice at Stowe, then moved to Craftsbury where his active life was spent; represented the town eight years ; states attorney for Orleans County four years; judge of pro- bate 1830; state senator three terms; elected to Congress 1840, but declined re- election; returned to St. Albans 1847, and for several years was judge of probate, but devoted most of his time until his death, June 17, 1857, to literary and sci- entific pursuits, and was state naturalist in 1856. MARSH, George Perkins; Congress- man 1843-9; son of Congressman Charles Marsh and grandson of the lieutenant- governor, a lawyer, diplomat, philologist and of world-wide fame as an author and scholar, was perhaps the most broadly ac- complished man the state ever produced. He was born March 15, 1801, graduated at Dartmouth 1820, studied law in his father's office, admitted to the bar, and settled at Burlington. In 1835 a mem- ber of the governor's council, in 1842 elected to Congress, continuing until 1849; was minister to Turkey, where he rendered important service to the cause of religious and civil toleration in the Turkish empire; in 1852 was charged with a special mission to Greece, which he filled with added reputation. In 1853 he was relieved and returned to Vermont and was appointed one of the commis- sioners to rebuild the present state house at Montpelier, and, in 1857, he was ap- pointed railroad commissioner, serving two years. In 1861 President Lincoln appointed him minister to Italy, which po- sition he held twenty-one years until his death, in Valombrosa, not far from Flor- ence, July 23, 1882. During his resi- dence abroad he traveled extensively in the East and in Europe, passing some time in Denmark, Sweden and Norway, where he had long been recognized as a leading Scandinavian scholar. His library, one of the finest in the country, rich beyond compare in Scandinavian literature, he presented to the University of Vermont, of whose corporation he was chosen a member in 1844. Mr. Marsh was twice married, first to Harriet, daughter of Ozias Buell of Burlington; second, to Caroline Crane of Berkley, Mass., a woman of literary power and an author of some reputation. HENRY, William; Congressman 1847-51; born in New Hampshire in 1788; received a common school educa- tion, moved to Bellows Falls, where he was cashier of the Bank of Bellows Falls for fifteen years, and held various sta- tions in public life; was a member of the Harrisburg convention in 1839 which nominated General Harrison and a presi- dential elector in 1840. In 1846 he was elected to the House of Representatives and re-elected two terms. In I860 again a presidential elector, visiting Mr. Lin- coln at his Illinois home. Mr. Henry died at Bellows Falls April 17, 1861. PECK, Lucius; Congressman 1847-51; born Waterbury in October, 1802; the son of Gen. John Peck. Was a cadet at West Point 1822, but resigned after, a year's study, entering upon the study of law first with Judge Prentiss at Mont- pelier, and then with Dennison Smith at Barre, and was admitted to the bar 1825; represented Barre in 1831, but soon after moved to Montpelier. In 1 846 the Dem- ocrats nominated him for Congress and elected him, and re-elected him in 1848; was also twice the Democratic candidate for governor; U. S. district attorney 1853-7, by appointment of President Pierce. In partnership with Hon. B. F. SABIN] THE REPRESENTATIVES 73 Fifield, he resumed his professional prac- tice, being especially potent in railroad Htigation; was president of Vermont & Canada road until his death in Lowell, Mass., Dec. 28, 1866. In 1830 he mar- ried a daughter of Ira Day of Barre, who died in 1845. HEBARD, William; Congressman 1849-33; read law with Wm. Nutting at Randolph, admitted to bar 1827; married Elizabeth StockweU (Brown) Sept. 12, 1830; practiced law at East Randolph, but moved to Chelsea in 1845, remaining until his death, Oct. 20, 1875. Repre- sented Randolph four years and Chelsea five years in the Legislature; state sen- ator 1836-8; states attorney 1832-6; judge of probate 1838-41; judge of su- preme court 1842-4. In 1848 was elected to Congress, and again in 1850; delegate to national Republican convention I860, which named Mr. Lincoln for president. ME ACHAM, James ; Congressman 1849-56; born Rutland, Aug. 10, 1810; left an orphan he was educated by a benevolent neighbor and graduated from Middlebury College 1832; studied the- ology at Andover, and was settled as pas- tor of the Congregational Church at New Haven 1838, having previously taught in academies at Castleton and St. Albans, and for two years, 1836-8, been a tutor at Middlebury. In 1846 returned to col- lege as professor of elocution and Eng- lish literature; in 1848 elected to Con- gress, serving four terms, and had been nominated for the fifth term at the time of his death, Aug. 25, 1856. MINER, Ahiman L. ; Congressman 1851-3; born Middletown, Sept. 23, 1804; son of Deacon Gideon and Rachel (Dav- ison) Miner; worked on his father's farm until of age; fitted for coUege, but studied law instead, and was admitted to the bar in 1832; practiced for two years at Wallingford, then tnoved to Manches- ter; represented that town four years in the Legislature, and county senator 1840; clerk of House of Representatives 1836-8; states attorney for Bennington County 1843-4; register of probate seven years and judge of probate three years 1 846-9 ; obtained his nomination for Con- gress in 1851 after a hard fought pre- convention contest. Col. Calvin Townsley opposing him. He was twice married and had eight children; he died July 19j 1886. BARTLETT, Thomas, Jr.; Congress- man 1851-3; a native of Burke, the son of Thomas Bartlett, a man of ability and local prominence. Young Bartlett stud- ied law and settled in Lyndon in 1839; was states attorney 1841-2; member state senate 1840-1, and in 1850 elected to Congress for a single term. Was the town's representative 1854-5; member constitutional conventions of 1850 and 1857, presiding over the former body. TRACY, Andrew; Congressman 1853- 5; born Hartford, Dec. 15, 1797; son of James and Mercy (Richmond) Tracy; fitted for college at Royalton and Ran- dolph academies, and was for two years at Dartmouth; taught school at Troy, N. Y., two years; studied law in office of Geo. E. Wales; admitted to the bar 1826, and began practice at Quechee; in 1838 moved to Woodstock and formed partner- ship with Norman Williams that lasted until 1839, when Mr. Williams became county clerk; in partnership with Julius Converse until 1849, then with Converse and James Barrett, which lasted until he went to Congress. Represented Hart- ford in Legislature 1833-7; a state sen- ator from Woodstock 1839-40. Defeated for nomination to Congress in 1840 by Horace Everett; represented Woodstock in Legislature 1842, and was made speaker, continuing to 1844; in 1850 elected to Congress as a Whig, but de- clined re-election. He died at Wood- stock, Oct. 28, 1868. SABIN, Alvah; Congressman 1853- 7; born Georgia, Oct. 23, 1793; son of Benjamin and Polly (McMaster) Sabin; graduated at Columbia College, Washing- ton, D. C; educated for the ministry, and preached at Cambridge, Westfield and Underbill until he settled at Georgia in 1825, where he remained until 1867 when he removed to Syracuse, 111. Was ten times his town's representative in the Leg- islature, and when nearly seventy years old was prominent in war legislation; three times county senator, 1841-S; sec- retary of state 1841; elected to Congress 1852 and 1854. 74 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [HODGES HODGES, George T.; Congressman 1856-7; born Clarendon, July 4, 1789; son of Dr. Silas Hodges, a surgeon in the Revolutionary army and for some time in the military family of General Washing- ton; took a partial course in college, but abandoned it for a business career and was a merchant at Rutland for many years and until his death; served repeat- edly in both houses of the Legislature; on the death of Hon. James Meacham, representative to Congress, in 1856, was chosen to fill the vacancy. He died at Rutland Sept. 9, I860. WALTON, EnAKiM P.; Congressman 1857-63; born Montpelier, Feb. 17, 1812; son of Gen. E. P. and Prussia (Parsons) Walton; educated in the public schools of Montpelier; learned the printer's trade in his father's office; studied law with Samuel and S. B. Prentiss when the for- mer was U. S. senator. When twenty- one, in 1833, was taken into partnership with his father in the publication of the Vermont Watchman and State Journal; soon the main editorial work fell upon him, and for thirty years, except while in Congress, was constantly in the editorial harness. He established the first ex- clusively legislative newspaper, which soon expanded into a daily. Early in the civil war he started a daily, with cor- respondents in every Vermont regiment at the front and in this way gathered and preserved much historical data of price- less value. Represented Montpelier in the Legislature 1853, and three years later elected to Congress, and re-elected in 1858 and I860. He returned to pri- vate life, continued in charge of the Watchman until 1868, when he sold it to J. & J. M. Poland, but continued to write as long as he lived. Was member constitutional convention of 1870 and senator from Washington County 1874-8; was three times a delegate to national conventions; president Vermont Histor- ical Society from the retirement of Rev. Dr. Lord in 1876, and of the Vermont Editors' and Publishers' Association from its organization until 1881. He was twice married, first to Sarah Sophia Howes of Montpelier, who died Sept. 3, 1880; and Oct. 19, 1882, he married Mrs. Clara P. Field of Columbus O. Mr. Walton died Dec. 19, 1890. ROYCE, Homer Elihu, St. Albans. Lawyer and jurist. Born East Berkshire, June 14, 1819; died St. Albans, April 24, 1891 ; son of Elihu Marvin and Sophronia (Parker) Royce. Educated at the acade- mies of Enosburg and St. Albans; re- ceived from University of Vermont degree A. M. 1851, and LL. D. 1882. In 1851 married Mary T. Edmunds of Boston, Mass.; they had three children, Stephen Edmunds, Homer Charles, and Mary Lou- ise. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1 844 ; prac- ticed at East Berkshire till 1870, when he removed to St. Albans; states attorney for Franklin County 1846-7; judge of the Supreme Court of Vermont 1870-91; chief judge 1880-91- Was a Republican; represented Berkshire in the Legislature 1846; served as chairman of the railroad committee; represented Franklin County in the state Senate 1849-51, and again in 1861 and 1868; Republican representative in the 35th and 36th Congresses, 1857-61. In religious preference an Episcopalian. BAXTER, PoRTus; Congressman 1861- 5; born Brownington in 1806; liberally educated at Norwich University, and en- gaged in business at Derby in 1828; re- peatedly refused election as town repre- sentative, and twice could have had nom- ination to Congress; in 1852 headed the Scott electoral ticket in Vermont, and in 1856 that of the young Republican party for Fremont. In I860 accepted a nom- ination to Congress, beginning services with the opening of the rebellion and con- tinuing until 1866, when he declined an- other election. He married Ellen Jan- nette Harris of Strafford in 1832. Mr. Baxter died at Washington, D. C, March 4, 1868. WOODBRIDGE, Frederick E.; Con- gressman 1863-9; born Vergennes, Aug. 29, 1818; son of Hon. E. D. Woodbridge; graduated at the University of Vermont 1840; studied law with his father and was admitted and practiced at Vergennes ; represented Vergennes in Legislature 1849, 1857, 1858; repeatedly mayor of Vergennes; state auditor 1851-2; states attorney 1854-8; state senator 1860-1; elected representative from Vermont in the 38th Congress as a Republican, and twice re-elected. He died at Vergennes, April 25, 1888. BARLOW] THE REPRESENTATIVES 75 SMITH, WoRTHiNGTON C; Congress- man 1867-73; son of Hon. John and Maria (Curtis) Smith, and brother of Gov. John Gregory Smith, was born at Barre, Mass., Aug 12, 1789; graduated from University of Vermont 1843; stud- ied law while in his father's office, but em- barked in the iron trade in 1845 carry- ing it on until I860, when he leased the works known as the St. Albans Foundry until 1878, when he assmned its manage- ment again. Was largely identified with the railroading of the state; director for several years and afterwards president of Vermont and Canada; a trustee and man- ager of Vermont Central and leased lines 1870-3; then vice-president for three years of the Central Vermont, and after 1872 president and manager of Missis- quoi road. A Democrat up to the war; helped raise and equip the Ransom Guards ; represented St. Albans in the Legislature 1 863 ; state senator 1 864-5, and president pro tern. ; elected to Con- gress in 1866, 1868 and 1870. In 1850 married Catherine M. Walworth of Plattsburg, N. Y., by whom he had seven children. He died Jan. 2, 1894. WILLARD, Charles W.; Congress- man 1869-75; born Lyndon, June 18, 1827; son of Josiah and Abigail (Car- penter) Willard. Graduated from Dart- mouth 1851; studied law with Peck & Colby, Montpelier ; admitted to bar 1 853 ; secretary of state 1855 and 1856; state senator I860 and '61; when he became editor and proprietor of the Green Mountain Freeman at MontpeUer, build- ing it up to be one of the most influential papers of the state; editor Milwaukee (Wis.) Sentinel 1865-6; elected to Con- gress from Vermont 1868, and twice re- elected; commissioner to revise the stat- utes 1879. He married in 1855 Emily Doane; they had four children, Mary, Ashton R., Eliza May, and Charles Wes- ley. He died at Montpelier, June 7, 1880. DENISON, Dudley C; Congress- man 1875-9; born Royalton, Sept. 13, 1819; son of Joseph A. and Eachael (Chase) Denison; graduated from Uni- versity of Vermont 1840; admitted to the bar 1845; practiced at Royalton, having his oldest son, J. D. Denison, for a part- ner after 1870. Was county senator 1853-54; states attorney 1858-60; rep- resented Royalton in Legislature 1861-3; U. S. district attorney for Vermont 1864-9. There was no election to Con- gress in September, 1874, and on the sec- ond trial in November, Denison won out by a coalition of Democrats with the dis- satisfied Republicans and re-elected for a second term in 1876. He married, in 1846, Eunice Dunbar of Hartland, who bore him seven children. He died at Royalton. JOYCE, Charles H., of Rutland, son of Charles and Martha E. (Grist) Joyce, was born in Wherwell, England, Jan. 30, 1830. He came to this country with his parents in 1 836, and settled in Waitsfield ; worked on a farm and attended the dis- trict school, winters, until he was eighteen years old, when he left the farm and com- pleted his education at the Waitsfield and Northfield Academies and at Newbury Seminary. He was a page in the Ver- mont House of Representatives three ses- sions, assistant librarian one year, and li- brarian one year. He taught school sev- eral terms, at the same time pursuing his legal studies under Hon. F. F. Merrill of Montpelier, and the late Col. F. V. Randall of Northfield. He was admitted to the Bar of Washington County in 1852, and commenced the practice of law at Northfield in 1855. In 1856 was elected states attorney of Washington County and re-elected in 1857. In 1861 he was ap- pointed major of the 2rd Regiment Ver- mont Volunteer Infantry, the first three years' regiment to leave the state, and in June following he was promoted to lieu- tenant-colonel in the same regiment. He fought with his regiment from Bull Run to Fredericksburg. In January, 1863, he was compelled to resign his com- mission on account of a severe disability contracted during the campaign of 1861, removed to Rutland and resumed the prac- tice of his profession. A Republican; rep- resented Rutland in the Legislature 1869 and 1870, beinsr speaker of the House the latter, year; represented his district in Congress 1874-80. He was married Feb. 21, 1853, to Rouene Morris Ran- dall of Northfield. BARLOW, Bradley ; Congressman 1879-81; born Fairfield, May 12, 1814; son of Col. Bradley and Deborah (Sher- 76 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [TYLER man) Barlow; educated in the common schools; was clerk in a store in Phila- delphia, then succeeded his father in business at Fairfield, until he moved to St. Albans, in 1857, to become cashier of the bank there, later becoming presi- dent. In I860 became interested in the overland stage business of the West, con- tinuing twenty years and retiring with a fortune. Returning to Vermont he put $40,000 into the Welden House, St. Al- bans, and was largely interested in the Southeastern Railway of Canada and Northern Vermont, but at a critical time he was forced to the wall, drawing his bank down with him.' Represented Fair- field in the Legislature 1845, '50, '51, and '52, and St. Albans in 1864 and '65; member state senate 1866 and '68; the constitutional conventions of 1843, '50, and '57. A Democrat up to the war, then a Republican; was county treasurer I860 to '67; director and president Ver- mont and Canada R. R. and director of Central Vermont and other companies. In 1878 he was ambitious to go to Con- gress, but Gen. W. W. Grout received the nomination; a bolt was organized, and a convention held to endorse the nomina- tion which had been given him by the Greenbackers, the bulk of the Democrats aiding in his support. Grout's election was defeated at the first trial, and Bar- low was easily elected at the second, serv- ing only one term. In 1837 married Caroline Farnsworth of Fairfax. He died Nov. 6, 1909. TYLER, James M., Brattleboro. Jurist. Born Wilmington, April 27, 1835; son of Ephraim and Mary (Bissell) Tyler. Edu- cated at Brattleboro Academy and Albany Law School. In 1861 married Ellen E. Richardson of Brattleboro; she died in 1872; in 1875 married Jane P. Miles of Brattleboro. Admitted to Bar September, I860; at once formed partnership with Gen. Stephen P. Flagg of Wilmington, which continued four years; then became law partner of Hon. Charles K. Field of Brattleboro, which partnership continued until Mr. Field's death in 1880. Judge Tyler is a Republican; represented Wil- mington in the Legislature 1863-64, and in special session 1865; states attorney for Windham County in 1866-1867; mem- ber of Congress from second Vermont dis- trict in 46th and 47th Congresses; judge of Supreme Court of Vermont from 1887 to 1908. In religious belief he is a Con- gregationalism GROUT, William W.; Congressman 1881-3; born of American parents in Compton, P. Q., May 24, 1836; received a common school and academic education, and graduated at Poughkeepsie (N. Y.) Law School .1857; admitted to the Bar and settled at Barton. He early enlisted for the Civil War, was made captain and promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the 15th Vermont Regiment, which was attached to Stannard's brigade; mustered out of serv- ice in August, 1863. In 1864 was placed in charge of the troops raised to guard the Canadian frontier and made a briga- dier-general. In 1865-6 states attorney of Orleans County; represented Barton in the Legislature 1868-74; in 1876 elected a state senator, and made president pro tem. ; in 1 878 defeated for Congress by Bradley Barlow; elected to Congress in 1880; was defeated for Congress in 1882 by Judge Poland, but again elected in 1884, serving in the 49th, 50th, 51st, 52d, and 53d Congresses. In I860 he married Loraine M. Smith, who died in 1868. POWERS, Horace Henry, Morris- ville. Congressman 1892-1900; born Mor- ristown. May 29, 1835; son of Horace and Love E. (Gilman) Powers. Prepara- tory education at People's Academy at Morrisville; graduated from University of Vermont 1855. In 1858 married Caroline E. Waterman of Morristown; they have two children, Carrie L. and George M. Taught school two years; studied law at Morristown; Hyde Park, and admitted to the Bar 1858; practiced at Hyde Park until 1862, when he formed a partnership with Hon. P. K. Gleed of Morrisville, continuing until 1874, when he was ele- vated to the bench of the supreme court of Vermont, serving until 1890, when he was elected to the 52d Congress; in 1892 was chairman of the Vermont delegation to the national Republican convention, and was elected to the 53d Congress. Repre- sented Hyde Park in the Legislature 1858; senator from Lamoille County 1872; was states attorney 1861-2; in 1869 was member of the last council of cen- sors; represented Morristown in Legis- lature 1874, being speaker of the House. PLUMLEY] THE KEPEESENTATIVES •J7 HASKINS, KiTTHEDGE, Brattleboro. Lawyer. Born Dover, April 8, 1836; son of Asaph and Amelia (Ward) Has- kins. Educated at common schools and by private tutor. In I860 married Esther Maria Childs of Wilmington; they had one son, John Adna, born 1861, died 1863. Admitted to Bar April 14, 1858, and has practiced law ever since; states attorney for Windham County, .1871-2; United States attorney for district of Vermont, October, 1880-July, 1887. Enlisted Aug. 23, 1862, Company I, l6th Regiment Ver- mont Infantry, Civil War; commissioned 1st lieutenant Company I, Sept. 20, 1862; resigned oil account of disabilities in- curred March 19, 1863; was post adju- tant to Col. E. H. Stoughton, brigade commander; also, during term of service, acting adjutant of regiment, and at one time acting quartermaster; appointed aide-de-camp, rank of colonel, by Gov. Peter T. Washburn in 1869. Is a Repub- lican; represented Brattleboro in Legisla- ture 1872-3, 1896-7, 1898-9; Windham County in Senate, 1 892-3 ; speaker of House at war session. May, 1898, and regular session, October, 1898; elected to Congress from Second Congressional Dis- trict, 1900, and continuously thereafter until March 4, 1909; elected justice of peace I86I, which office he has since held except while member of Congress. An Episcopalian; vestryman and warden St. Michael's Church, Brattleboro, nearly 50 years; delegate diocesan convention many years; several times lay deputy to gen- eral convention. Was made master Ma- son May, 1857, and is member of all York and Scottish Rite bodies, having re- ceived the 33d degree; has held nearly all offices in subordinate bodies; has been grand master, grand high priest and grand commander of state grand bodies and lieutenant commander Vermont Con- sistory. Is member of the Grange. FOSTER, David Johnson, Burling- ton. Congressman 1901-12. Born Barnet, June 27, 1857; died Washington, D. C, March 21, 1912. Son of Jacob Prentiss and Matilda (Cahoon) Foster. Gradu- ated from St. Johnsbury Academy 1876, and from Dartmouth College 1880. In 1883 married Mabel M. Allen of Chelsea; they had three daughters, Mabel, Ma- thilde, and Mildred. Studied law and ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1883; practiced law in Burlington until I9OI. A Repub- lican; states attorney for Chittenden County 1886-90; senator from Chittenden County 1892-4; commissioner of state taxes 1894-8; chairman board of railroad commissioners 1898-1900; elected Sep- tember, 1900, to succeed Hon. H. H. Pow- ers as member of Congress, serving con- tinuously from the beginning of the 57th Congress until his death. After the death of James Brock Perkins of New York, chairman of the House committee on for- eign affairs, in March, 1910, was appoint- ed to the head of that committee. He long had been a profound student of the foreign and diplomatic relations of the United States and brought to the dis- charge of his duties as chairman of that important committee an exceptional equip- ment. He was active in promoting legis- lation looking to the improvement of the consular service, and was largely instru- mental in bringing about the rural free delivery mail service. His intimate knowledge of Latin-American affairs, gained through his committee work and personal observation of conditions in Mexico on the occasion of his visit to that country in 1910, when he represented the United States at the celebration of its centennial, ma:de him invaluable as chair- man of the committee on foreign affairs during the 6lst Congress. An active sup- porter of President Taft's peace policy, he had discussed the peace movement from the public platform in all parts of the country, addressing large civic and com- mercial bodies and the students of the leading American colleges. He was chair- man of the delegation of the United States to the general assembly of the Interna- tional Institute of Agriculture at Rome in May, 1911. Attended St. Paul's Episco- pal Church, Burlington; member of Chit- tenden County and Vermont Bar associa- tions; Burlington Lodge No. 100, F. & A. M.; Order of Elks; the Algonquin and Ethan Allen Clubs. PLUMLEY, Frank, Northfield. Con- gressman since I9O8. Born Eden, Dec. 17, 1844; son of William and Eliza (Lit- tle) Plumley. Educated at the public schools, People's Academy at Morrisville; Colmery Seminary, Mendota, 111.; law de- partment Michigan University, and by pri- vate tutor in German and Spanish. Honorary degree of A. ^M. conferred by 78 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [GREENE Norwich University 1892; LL. D. 1905; and LL. D. by University of Vermont 1909. In 1871 married Lavina L. Fletcher of Eden; she died in I906. They had two children, Charles Albert, and Theodora May. In early life and while a student engaged in teaching, studied law with Powers & Gleed, Morrisville, previ- ous to his course at Michigan University. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1869; settled at Northfield the same year, forming part- nership with Hon. Heman Carpenter 1870, which lasted six years; afterwards in partnership with C. M. Johnston, now of Detroit, Minn., for two years, and with Frank L. Bates (deceased) for more than a year; Dec. 1, 1903, formed partnership- with his son, which still continues. Is lecturer on international law at Norwich University. Was umpire by appoint- ment of President Roosevelt in the mixed commissions of Great Britain-Venezuela, and Holland-Venezuela, at Caracas in 1903, and by the selection of France and Venezuela at Northfield in 1905. Is a Republican; represented Northfield in the Legislature 1882, serving upon committee on the insane and the judiciary committee; senator from Washington County 1894, serving upon the judiciary committee and chairman of the joint committee on tem- perance, and was president pro-tem. Elected to the national House of Repre- sentatives from the Second District of Vermont 1908, and re-elected I9IO. Mem- ber of Methodist Episcopal Church; stew- ard in the church, superintendent of Sun- day school for 20 years, and delegate from Vermont Conference to the General Con- ference at Los Angeles, Cal., 1904. Past master DeWitt Clinton Lodge No. 15, F. & A. M.; is an Odd Fellow; has been grand secretary and grand chief templar of the Independent Order of Good Templars, and twice delegate from Ver- mont to the National Grand Lodge. GREENE, Frank Lester, St. Albans. Member of Congress. Born St. Albans, Feb. 10, 1870; son of Lester Bruce and Mary Elizabeth (Hoadley) Greene. Educated in the public schools of Cleve- land, O., and St. Albans 1876-83; hon- orary degree M. A. from Norwich Uni- versity I9O8. In I895 married Jessie Emma Richardson of St. Albans; they have three children, Richard Lester, Dor- othy, and Stuart. Left school at age of 13; errand boy auditing department Cen- tral Vermont Railway 1883; studied shorthand in leisure hours; stenographer general freight department, 1884; chief clerk general freight department 1887; began newspaper work in odd hours put of regular employment 1888; correspond- ent Boston Globe and other papers; en- tered profession as occupation March 1, 1891; local reporter. St. Albans Daily Messenger; assistant editor, Jan. 1, 1892; editor, Sept. 18, 1899, and since. Served in Vermont National Guard Oct. 4, 1888, to 1900, rising from private to captain; recruited Co. B, 1st Infantry Vermont Volunteers war with Spain, and was mus- tered into United States service as its captain; during war served for some time as adjutant-general third brigade, first division, third army corps; upon muster- out of regiment at close of war, while con- fined to bed by well-nigh fatal illness with typhoid fever contracted in the serv- ice, was commissioned senior, aide-de- camp, with rank of colonel, on staff of Governor of Vermont. A Republican. Elected representative in Congress July 30, 1912, to succeed the late David J. Foster; was for several years chair- man of Republican town committee; secretary of Young Men's Republican Club of Vermont in the '90's and active in political movement it conducted for sev- eral years; delegate, etc., at county, dis- trict, and state conventions; alternate delegate-at-large Republican national con- vention 1904; delegate-at-large. Repub- lican national convention 19O8. Ap- pointed by governor chairman of commis- sion to examine state normal schools 1 906 ; also appointed by governor member of commission to propose amendments to state constitution 1908. Is a Mason, Knight Templar, Elk, Granger, and has been master of lodge of Free Masons ; president of Vermont Society Sons of American Revolution; state commander Sons of Veterans, U. S. A.; state com- mander United Spanish War Veterans; state commander of Military Order of Foreign Wars; member and curator Ver- mont Historical Society; has been presi- dent Vermont Press Association; member, various other societies, clubs, etc. JUDGES OF SUPREME AND SUPERIOR COURTS Note. — Until 1782 the highest court in the state was styled the superior court. The present superior court was established 1906. Names of chief judges are in SMALL CAPITALS. SUPREME COURT JUDGES, 1778-1912 Moses Robinsojt 1778-84 1785-89 John Shepardson 1778-80 John Fassett 1778-86 Thomas Chandler 1778-79 John Throop 1778-82 Paul Spooler 1779-89 Increase Moseley 1780-81 Elisha Payne 1781-83 Simeon Olcott 1781-82 Jonas Fay 1781-83 Peter Olcott 1782-85 Thomas Porter 1783-86 Nathaniel Niles 1784-88 Nathaniel Chipman. . .1786-87 1789-91 1796-97 1813-15 Luke Knowlton 1786-87 Stephen R. Bradley 1788-89 Noah Smith 1789-91 1798-01 Samuel Knight 1786-94 Elijah Paine 1791-94 Isaac Tichenor 1791-96 Lot Hall 1794-01 Enoch Woodbkidge 1794-01 Israel Sjiith 1797-98 Jonathan Robinson. . .1801-07 Rotal Tvler 1801-13 Stephen Jacob 1801-03 Theophilus Harrington.. 1803-13 Jonas Galusha 1807-09 David Fay 1809-13 Daniel Farrand 1813-15 Jonathan H. Hubbard. .1813-15 Asa Aldis 1815-16 Richard Skinner 1815-17 1833-39 James Fisk 1815-17 William A. Palmer 1816-17 Dudley Chase 1817-21 Joel Doolittle 1817-33 1834-35 William Brayton 1817-32 Cornelius P. Van Ness.1821-23 Charles K. Williams.. .1823-24 1839-46 Asa Aikens 1833-35 Samuel Prentiss 1835-30 Titus Hutchinson 1835-33 Stephen Royce 1835-37 1839-52 Bates Turner 1827-29 Ephraim Paddock 1828-31 John C. Thompson 1830-31 Nicholas Baylies 1831-33 Samuel S. Phelps 1831-38 Jacob Collamer 1833-42 John Mattocks 1833-35 Isaac F. Redfield 1835-60 Milo L. Bennett 1838-60 1853-59 William Hebard 1842-43 1844-45 Daniel Kellogg 1843-44 1845-51 Hiland Hall 1846-50 Charles Davis 1846-48 Luke P. Poland 1848-50 1857-65 Pierpoint Isham 1851-57 Asa O. Aldis 1857-65 John Pierpoint 1857-82 James Barrett 1857-80 Loyal C. Kellogg 1859-67 Asahel Peck 1860-74 Herman R. Beardsley . . 1865-66 William C. Wilson 1865-70 Benjamin H. Steele 1865-70 John Prout 1867-69 Hoyt H. Wheeler 1869-77 Homer E. Royce 1870-90 Timothy P. Redfield. . . .1870-84 Jonathan Ross 1870-99 H. Henry Powers 1874-90 Walter C. Dunton 1877-79 Wheelock G. Veazey . . . . 1879-89 Russell S. Taft 1880-1902 John W. Rowell 1882 William H. Walker 1884-87 James M. Tyler 1887-1908 Loveland Munson 1889 Henry R. Start 1890-1905 Laforrest H. Thompson. 1890-00 John H. Watson 1899 Wendell P. Stafford 1900-04 Seneca Haselton 1902-06 1908 George M. Powers 1904-06 1909 Willard W. Miles 1905-06 SUPERIOR COURT JUDGES, 1906-1912 Seneca Haselton 1906-08 George M. Powers 1906-09 Willard W. Miles 1906 Alfred A. Hall 1906-13 Eleazer L. Waterman . . . 1906 William H. Taylor 1906 Zed S. Stanton 1908 Fred M. Butler 1909 Frank L. Fish 1912 80 EXCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ROBINSON ROBINSON, Moses. Chief justice 1778-84 and 1785-9. See page 28. SHEPARDSON, John. Judge 1778- 80. Born Attleboro, Mass., Feb. 16, 1729; died Jan. 3, 1802. Came to Guilford soon after its first settlement 1761; first town clerk, Guilford, 1 772 ; was a leader against the New Yorkers; elected second judge of the superior court 1778 and 1779. FASSETT, John. Judge 1778-86. Born Hardwick, Mass., June 3, 1743; son of Capt. Fassett, who came to Bennington 176l, and was the town's first representa- tive in the Legislature; died April 2, 1803. Lieutenant in Warner's first regiment 1775; captain in Warner's second regiment 1776; represented Arlington in the Gen- eral Assembly 1778 and 1779, and Cam- bridge 1787, 1788, 1790, and 1791; coun- cilor 1779-95, with the exception of 1786; judge of the superior court from its or- ganization in 1778 to 1786; chief judge of Chittenden county court 1787-94. CHANDLER, Thomas, Jr. Judge 1778-9. Born Sept. 23, 1740; son of Thomas Chandler, one of the most influ- ential settlers on the east side of the mountains; date of death unknown. Was for nine years assistant judge of the in- ferior court of common pleas, under New York authority; became, however, active among the Vermont leaders; delegate to the Westminster conventions of Oct. 30, 1776, and Jan. 15, 1777; elected to the first General Assembly March, 1778, and chosen clerk; was for a few months Ver- mont's first secretary of state; re-elected to the General Assembly in the fall of 1778, and until 1781, and was speaker for nearly three years ; a member of the coun- cil 1779-80; elected a judge of Windsor county court 1786; represented Chester in the General Assembly 1787; fell into dis- credit, and died in poverty and obscurity. THROOP, John. Judge 1778-82. Born Lebanon, Conn., Sept. 11, 1773; died Jan. 25, 1802. Lived in the town of Pomfret; delegate to the Windsor convention June, 1777, and to the conventions which framed the state constitution in July and Decem- ber of that year; represented Pomfret in the General Assembly 1778; judge of the superior court 1778-81, and February to October, 1782; member of the council 1779-86; again represented Pomfret in the Assembly 1787-8; judge of probate 1783- 92. SPOONER, Paul. Judge 1779-89- Born Dartmouth, Mass., March 20, 1746; son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Ruggles) Spooner; died Sept. 4, 1789. Studied medicine in Massachusetts; came to Ver- mont 1768, settling at Hartland, then called Hertford. In 1769 married Ase- nath Wright; his second wife was Mrs. Ann (Cogswell) Post. Delegate to West- minster conventions of Oct. 19, 1774, and Feb. 7, 1775, and to the Cumberland County congress, June 6, 1775, and chosen delegate to represent that county in the New York provincial congress; chosen sheriff of Cumberland County 1777, but declined; was a member of the council of safety; member of the council 1778-82; judge of the superior and supreme courts 1779 until his death, with the exception of 1781, and chief justice 1784-5; agent of Vermont to the continental congress 1780 and 1782; judge of probate for Windsor County 1781-2; lieutenant-governor 1782- 7. MOSELEY, Increase. Judge 1780-1. Born Norwich, Conn., May 18, 1712; died May 2, 1795. Represented Woodbury in the Connecticut Legislature from 1751 al- most continuously until his removal to Ver- mont; came to Vermiont about 1779, set- tling at Clarendon; judge of the superior court 1 780, but served only one year ; chief judge of Rutland County 1781-7; repre- sentative from Clarendon and speaker of the General Assembly 1782; president of the first council of censors 1785. In 1735 married Deborah Tracy of Windham, Conn. PAYNE, Elisha. Judge 1781-2. Born Canterbury, Conn., 1731; died Lebanon, N. H., July 20, 1807; a resident of New Hampshire, and prominent in its politics; served in the French war; was colonel and deputy-surveyor-general of the king's woods; in the short-lived East Union of New Hampshire towns which came tem- porarily under Vermont sovereignty he represented Cardigan, N. H., in the Ver- mont General Assembly 1778; was elected councilor; lieutenant-governor 1781; chief KNIGHT] THE JUDGES 81 justice of the superior court 1781-2. On the dissolution of the East Union, Judge Payne adhered to New Hampshire. OLCOTT, Simeon. Judge 1781-2. Born Bolton, Conn., Oct. 1, 1735; died Feb. 22, 1815. Graduated from Yale College 1761 ; studied law; moved to Charlestown, N. H., 1764; admitted to the Bar 1774. During the East Union was elected judge of the Vermont superior court 1781; resigned 1782; appointed chief justice of the New Hampshire court of common pleas 1784; appointed a judge of the New Hampshire superior court 1790, and chief justice 1795; U. S. senator from New Hampshire 1801-5. In 1783 married Tryphena Terry. FAY, Jonas. Judge, 1781-3. Born Hardwick, Mass., Jan. 17, 1737; son of Stephen Fay; died Bennington, March 6, 1818. Served in the French war; came- to Bennington 1766; engaged in the prac- tice of medicine; clerk of the convention of settlers March, 1774; clerk of the Dor- set convention January, 1776; secretary of the convention of July, 1777, which framed the state constitution; a member of the council of safety; several times an agent to the continental congress ; member of the governor's council 1778-85; judge of the supreme court 1781-3; judge of the pro- bate court 1782r7; moved to Charlotte 1800, and later returned to Huntington. He accompanied Allen's expedition to Ti- conderoga as surgeon, and served for a time in the same capacity with the Green Mountain Boys and with Warner's Regi- ment which was organized for the invasion of Canada. OLCOTT, Peter. Judge 1782-5. Born in Connecticut; died Sept. 12, 1808. Said lo have been a graduate of Harvard Col- lege; came to Norwich about 1768; a mem- ber of the Windsor convention June, 1 777, and also of the conventions of July and December, 1777, which adopted the con- stitution; commanded a regiment in Glou- cester County 1777, and was summoned to Bennington, to reach there after the bat- tle; member of the council 1779 and 1781- 90; judge of the supreme court 1782-5; lieutenant-governor 1790-4, declining fur- ther renomination. PORTER, Thomas. Judge 1783-6. Born Farmington, Conn., 1734; died Gran- ville, N. Y., August, 1833. Served in the French war; was many years a member of the Connecticut Legislature; moved to Tinmouth 1779; represented that town in the General Assembly and was speaker of the House 1780-2; member of the council 1782-95; judge of the supreme court 1783- 6; was a farmer by occupation. NILES, Nathaniel. Judge 1784-8. See page 63. CHIPMAN, Nathaniel. Judge 1786- 7, 1789-91, 1796-7, and 1818-15. See page 56. KNOWLTON, Luke. Judge 1786-7. Born Shrewsbury, Mass., November, 1738; died Newfane, Nov. 12, 1810. Served in the French war; came to Newfane, 1773; took the New York side in the controversy with that province; town clerk Newfane for 1 6 years ; a member of the Cumberland County committee of safety; sent by the Yorkers of Cumberland County as an agent to Congress 1780; changed his views in the same year and became a loyal Ver- monter; represented Newfane in the Gen- eral Assembly 1784, 1788, 1789, 1792, 1803, and 1806; member of the council 1790-1800; judge of the supreme court 1786-7; judge of Windham county court 1787-93. In 1760 married Sarah Holland of Shrewsbury, Mass. BRADLEY, Stephen R. Judge 1788- 9. See page 55. SMITH, Noah. Judge 1789-91 and 1798-1801. Born SufBeld, Conn., 1755; died Milton, Dec. 23, 1812. Graduated from Yale College 1778; came at once to Bennington; delivered the address on the first anniversary of the battle; admitted to the Bar 1779; states attorney and county clerk of Bennington County for some years; judge of the supreme court 1789- 91 ; appointed U. S. collector of internal revenue 1791 ; elected member of the coun- cil 1798, but resigned to become again judge of the supreme court, serving 1798- 1801; moved from Bennington to Milton 1800. KNIGHT, Samuel. Judge 1789-94. Born about 1730; died Brattleboro, July 23, 1804. Admitted to the Bar 1772; took the York side but finally cast in his alle- 82 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [PAINE giance with Vermont; represented Brat- tleboro in the General Assembly 1781, 1783-5; judge of Windham county court 1786, 1794, 1795, and 1801; judge of the supreme court 1789-94, and chief justice 1791-4. PAINE, Elijah. Judge 1791-4. See page 56. TICHENOR, Isaac. Judge 1791-6. See page 29- HALL, Lot. Judge 1794-1801. Born on Cape Cod, Mass.; died May 17, 1809. Was a sailor in the early days of the Revolution; engaged in a naval expedi- tion for the protection of South Carolina; was captured by the British while acting as a lieutenant in charge of a prize and carried to Glasgow, Scotland ; released but recaptured on his way home; this time Patrick Henry secured his release; began the study of law at Barnstable, Mass., 1782; came that year to Bennington; re- moved to Westminster 1783; married Mary- Homer of Boston, Mass., 1786; repre- sented Westminster in the General Assem- bly 1788, 1791, 1792, and 1808; judge of the supreme court 1794-1801; presidential elector 1792; member of the council of censors 1 799. WOODBRIDGE, Enoch. Judge 1794- 1801. Born Stockbridge, Mass., Decem- ber, 1750; died July 14, 1805. Gradu- ated from Yale College 1 774 ; was commis- sary in the Continental army, and was present at the battles of Hubbardton and BenningtoUi and at Burgoyne's surrender; studied law; came to Vermont and began practice at Manchester, removing later to Vergennes ; represented Vergennes in the General Assembly 1791-4; first mayor of Vergennes 1794; judge of the supreme court 1794-1801, and chief justice 1798- 1801; was a member of the constitutional convention 1793. In 1774 married Nancy Winchell. SMITH, Israel. Judge 1797-8. See page 30. ROBINSON, Jonathan. Judge 1801- 7. See page 56. TYLER, Royal. Judge 1801-13. Born Boston, Mass., July 18, 1757; son of Royal Tyler; died Aug. 16, 1826. Gradu- ated from Harvard College 1776; served on the staff of General Lincoln of the Con- tinental army; studied law at Cambridge, Mass. ; was admitted to the Massachusetts Bar 1779; practiced law at Falmouth (now Portland), Me., two years; removed to Braintree, Mass.; again served on Gen- eral Lincoln's staff in Shay's rebellion 1786-7; wrote "The Contrast," the first American play ever staged, which was acted at the old John Street Theatre in New York 1786; came to Guilford 1791, and practiced law; judge of the supreme court 1801-13, and chief justice 1807-13; register of probate from Windham County 1815-21; compiled Tyler's Reports of the Decisions of the Supreme Court. Married Mary Palmer, and was the father of Judge Royal Tyler of Brattleboro. JACOB, Stephen. Judge 1801-3. Born Sheffield, Mass.; died Jan. 27, 1817. Grad- uated from Yale College 1778; came to Bennington that year; married Pamela Farrand 1779; removed to Windsor 1780; was adimtted to the Bar; represented Windsor in the General Assembly 1781, 1788, and 1794, and was clerk of the House 1788-9; member of the council of censors 1785; delegate to the constitution- al convention 1793; chief judge of Wind- sor county court 1797-1801; member of the council 1796-1802; judge of the su- preme court 1801-3; had been one of the commissioners to settle the controversy with New York 1789; was a strong Fed- eralist ; when he came to Vermont brpught several slaves with him, who of course be- came emancipated on reaching Vermont soil. HERRINTON, Theophilus. Judge 1803-13. Born in Rhode Island; died Nov. 27, 1813. Came to Vermont 1785 and became a farmer in Clarendon; rep- resented Clarendon in the General Assem- bly 1795 and 1798-1803; speaker of the House 1803; chief judge of Rutland coun- ty court 1 800-3 ; j udge of the supreme court from 1803 until his death. He him- self wrote his name Herrinton; but he is generally known as Judge Harrington. GALUSHA, Jonas. Judge 1807-9. See page 30. PRENTISS] THE JUDGES 83 FAY, David. Judge 1809-13. Born Hardwick, Mass., Dec. 13, 176l ; son of Stephen Fay, and brother of Judge Jonas Fay; died June 5, 1827. Was a fifer at the battle of Bennington, where he then resided; admitted to the Bar 1794; mem- ber of the council of censors 1799; states attorney Bennington County 1797-1801; U. S. district attorney throughout Jeifer- son's administrations; judge of the su- preme court 1809-13; was a Republican, and failed of re-election 1813, the Feder- alists having carried the state that year; a member of the council 1817-21 ; judge of probate 1819-20. FARRAND, Daniel. Judge 1813-15. Born Canaan, Conn., about 1760; died Oct. 13, 1825. Graduated from Yale Col- lege ; came to Windsor and began the prac- tice of law; soon removed to Newbury; represented that town in the General As- sembly 1792, 1793, and 1796-8, being speaker of the House 1798; was twice states attorney of Orange County; re- moved to Bellows Falls 1 800 ; states attor- ney Windham County 1801-3; represented Rockingham_ in the Assembly 1 802 ; de- feated for Congress by James Eliot 1 803 ; member of the council of censors 1813; judge of the supreme court 1813-15; was a Federalist and failed of re-election in the latter year, when the Republicans re- turned to power. Was chairman of the committee of arrangements on the occasion of the visit of President Monroe to Bur- lington 1817. He was a brother-in-law of Judge Stephen Jacob. HUBBARD, Jonathan Hatch. Judge 1813-15. See page 66. ALDIS, As.4. Judge 1815-16. Born Franklin, Mass., about 1770; died St. Al- bans, Oct. l6, 1847. Lost his mother when three years old and his father when five, and was brought up by an aunt; gradu- ated from Brown University 1796; stud- ied law in Providence, R. I., and began practice at Chepachet in that state; re- moved to St. Albans 1802; when the Re- publicans returned to power in 1815 was elected supreme court judge and served one year, declining a re-election. FISK, James. Judge 1815-17- See page 57. PALMER, William A. Judge 1816- 17. See page 34. CHASE, Dudley. Judge 1817-21. See page 57. DOOLITTLE, Joel. Judge 1817-23, and 1824-5. Born in Massachusetts about 1773; died March 9, 1841; graduated from Yale College 1799; came to Middle- bury in the fall of 1800 as the first tutor in Middlebury College; admitted to the Bar 1801; practiced law till 1817; mem- ber of the council 1815-18; judge of the supreme court 1817-23 and 1824-25; rep- resented Middlebury in the Assembly 1824; president of the council of censors 1834; was several times an unsuccessful candidate for governor. BRAYTON, William. Judge 1817-22. Born Lansingburgh, N. Y. ; died Aug. 5, 1828. Entered Williams College but never graduated; admitted to Franklin County Bar 1807 and began practice in Swanton; chief judge of Franklin county court 1815; represented S wanton in the Assem- bly 1817; supreme court judge 1817-22; while on the bench moved to St. Albans, and after leaving the bench to Burlington. VAN NESS, Cornelius P. Judge 1821- 3. See page 32. WILLIAMS, Charles K. Judge 1822- 4 and 1829-46. See page 37. AIKENS, Asa. Judge 1823-5. Born in Barnard; the first native Vermonter on the supreme bench; died Hackensack, N. J., July 12, 1862. Studied three years at Middlebury College and one year at the U. S. Military Academy at West Point; returned to Middlebury and studied law with Judge Joel Doolittle; removed to Windsor 1812; represented that town in the Assembly two years; states attorney for Windsor County; supreme court judge 1823-5; published two volumes of reports of supreme court decisions ; was the au- thor of "Aikens' Forms" for writs^ etc., and "Aikens' Tables." SKINNER, Richard. Judge 1815-17 PRENTISS, Samuel. Judge 1825-30. and 1823-9- See page 32. See page 57. 84 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [HUTCHINSON HUTCHINSON, Titus. Judge 1825- 33. Born Grafton, Mass., April 29, 1771 ; son of Rev. Aaron and Margery (Carter) Hutchinson; died Aug. 24, 1857. Came with his father's family to Pomfret 1776; graduated from Princeton College ; studied law with his brother Aaron at Lebanon, N. H. ; admitted to the Orange County Bar 1798 and settled at Woodstock; ap- pointed U. S. district attorney for Ver- mont 1813, holding the office 10 years; supreme court judge 1825-33, and chief judge 1830-3; defeated for re-election 1833. In 1800 married Clarissa Sage. ROYCE, Stephen. Judge 1825-7, and 1829-52, and chief judge 1846-52. See page 39. TURNER, Bates. Judge 1827-9- Came from Connecticut to Fairfield 1796; re- moved to St. Albans 1804; returned to Fairfield and set up a law school, having had during his life about 175 law stu- dents; removed to Middlebury 1812, later to Fairfield and still later to St. Albans again; supreme court judge 1827-9; died April 30, 1847. PADDOCK, Ephhaim. Judge 1828-31. Came from Massachusetts to Vermont; for two or three years an instructor at Peach- am Academy; began practice of law at St. Johnsbury; represented that town in the Assembly 1 821-6 ;_ member constitutional convention 1828; supreme court judge 1828-31 ; member council of censors 1841 ; died July 27, 1859. THOMPSON, John C. Judge 1830-1. Born in Rhode Island; died June 27, 1831 ; studied law in Hartford, Conn., and admitted to Bar about 1813; came to Windsor; removed to Hartland 1818, and to Burlington 1 822 ; member of the coun- cil 1827-30, in which latter year the coun- cil was abolished; supreme court judge 1830 until his death. In 1816 married Nancy Patrick. BAYLIES, Nicholas. Judge 1831-3. Born Oxbridge, Mass.; son of Dea. Nich- olas Baylies; died Aug. 17, 1847. Gradu- ated Dartmouth College 1794; read law and was admitted to the Bar at Wood- stock; removed to !Montpelier 1809, but was "warned out" the following Novem- ber; was the author of "Digested Index to the Modern Reports," 1814; states at- torney Orange County 1813-14 and 1825; supreme court judge 1831-3; removed to Lyndon 1835. Married Mary, daughter of Prof. Sylvanus Ripley. PHELPS, Samuel S. Judge 1831-8. See page 58. COLLAMER, Jacob. Judge 1833-42. See page 59. MATTOCKS, John. See page 35. Judge 1833-5. REDFIELD, Isaac Fletcher. Judge 1835-60, and chief judge 1852-60. Born Weathersfield, April 10, 1804; son of Dr. Peleg and Hannah (Parker) Redfield; died Charlestown, Mass., March 23, 1 876 ; removed to Coventry 1 805 ; graduated from Dartmouth College 1 825 ; admitted to Orleans County Bar 1827; began prac- tice at Derby; states attorney continuous- ly until elected judge; supreme court judge 1835-60, ^nd chief judge 1852-60; moved to Montpelier, to Randolph Center 1846, then to Windsor, and finally to Bos- ton, Mass., 1861. He wrote many valu- able legal works, notably treatises on the law of wills and of railroads. BENNETT, Milo L. Judge 1838-50 and 1852-9- Born in Connecticut; studied in Williams CoUege and graduated from Yale College 1811; studieci law at the Litchfield Law School; came to Benning- ton, and soon went to Manchester; went to Maine 1836, and spent two years in lumber business, losing his property; moved to Burlington 1838; supreme court judge 1838-50; elected one of the four judges of the newly established circuit court 1850 and served one year; supreme court judge 1852-9; was commissioner to revise the state statutes ; and this revision was published in 1863 as the "General Statutes" ; was the author of Bennett's "Justice." HEBARD, William. Judge 1842-3 and 1844-5. See page 73. KELLOGG, Daniel. Judge 1843-4 and 1845-51. Born Amherst, Mass., Feb. 10, 1791; died Brattleboro, May 10, 1875. Graduated from Williams College 1810; studied law at Newfane; began practice BEARDSLEY] THE JUDGES 85 at Rockingham 1814; judge of probate 1819-20; secretary of the governor and council 1823-8; states attorney and mem- ber of the council 1827; U. S. district at- torney for, Vermont 1829-41; president of the constitutional convention 1 843 ; elected supreme court judge 1843 but did not serve; again elected 1845, served six years ; presidential elector 1 864 ; moved to Brattleboro 1854. HALL, HiLAND. Judge 1846-50. See page 40. DAVIS, Charles. Judge 1846-48. Born Connecticut; died in Illinois, Nov. 21, 1863. Came when a boy to Rockingham; removed to Middlebury 1806; graduated from Middlebury College; studied law with Daniel Chipman ; admitted to the Bar 1814; edited a newspaper for a short time; moved to Barton, to Waterford, and in 1828 to Danville; states attorney 1828- 35 and 1838-9; U. S. district attorney for Vermont 1840-5; was probate judge; su- preme court judge 1846-8; represented Danville in the Legislature, although he was a Whig and the town was strongly Democratic; chairman of the judiciary committee. POLAND, Luke Potter. Judge 1848- 50 and 1857-65. See page 60. ISHAM, PiERPoiNT. Judge 1851-7. Born Manchester ; son of Dr. Ezra Isham ; died May 8, 1872. Studied law with Gov- ernor Skinner; admitted to the Bar and settled at Pownal, but soon moved to Ben- nington; supreme court judge 1851-7; the circuit court having been abolished in 1857, and the supreme court judges being again charged with the duty of presiding at the county courts, he declined further re-election. ALOIS, Asa Owen. Judge 1857-65. Born St. Albans ; son of Judge Asa Aldis ; died Washington, D. C, June 24, 1891. Graduated from the University of Vermont 1829; studied law and became his father's partner; judge of the supreme court 1857- 65 ; resigned on account of ill health in the summer of 1865; U. S. consul at Nice, France, for a few years; president of the Southern claims commission 1871-80; a member of the French and Alabama claims commissions; removed to Washington, D. C, 1871. PIERPOINT, John. Judge 1857-82, and chief judge 1865-82. Born Litch- field, Conn., Sept. 10, 1805; son of Daniel and Sarah (Phelps) Pierpoint; died Jan. 7, 1882. Came to Rutland 1815; admitted to the Rutland County Bar 1827; began practice in Pittsfofd; removed to Ver- gennes 1832; represented Vergennes in the Legislature 1841; register of probate 1836-57; state senator from Addison County 1855-7, and chairman of the judi- ciary committee two years; supreme court judge 1857 until his death in 1882, and chief judge 1865-82. In 1838 married Sarah M. Lawrence of Vergennes. BARRETT, James. Judge 1857-80. Born Strafford, May 31, 1814; son of Martin and Dorcas (Patterson) Barrett; died April 21, 1900. Graduated from Dartmouth College 1838; studied law; be- gan practice in Woodstock 1 840 ; moved to Boston, Mass., 1848; returned to Wood- stock 1849; state senator two years; states attorney two years; supreme court judge 1857-80; after retiring from the bench moved to Rutland and practiced his pro- fession. In 1844 married Maria Lord Woodworth of Coventry, Conn. KELLOGG, Loyal Case. Judge 1859- 67. Born Benson, Feb. 13, 1816; son of John and Harriott (Nash) Kellogg; died Benson, Nov. 26, 1872. Graduated from Amherst College 1836; admitted to the Rutland County Bar 1839; represented Benson in the Legislature 1847, 1850, 1851, 1859, and 1870; president of the constitutional convention of 1857, and member of that of 1870; supreme court judge 1859-67; was elected for another term but declined; while judge he removed to Rutland, but later returned to Benson. PECK, Asahel. Judge 1860-74. See. page 44. BEARDSLEY, Herman R. Judge 1865. Born Kent, Conn., July 21, 1800; son of Ephraim Beardsley; died St. Al- bans, March 9., 1878. Removed to Grand Isle when a boy ; entered the University of Vermont 1819, but left in his junior year because of ill health; was admitted to the 86 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [WILSON Bar; on the resignation of Judge Asa O. Aldis in the summer of 1865 was appoint- ed a supreme court judge by Governor J. Gregory Smith; served but a few months, faihng of election by the Legislature the following fall. ]\Iarried Abigail S. Webb. WILSON, William C. Judge 1865-70. Born Cambridge, July 2, 1812; son of John Wilson; died April 16, 1882. Stud- ied law and was admitted to the Franklin County Bar 1854; settled in Bakersfield, and opened a school for law students, some time after 1850; states attorney Franklin County 1844-5; assistant judge of Franklin county court 1849-51; mem- ber of constitutional conventions 1843 and 1850;-reprfisented Bakersfield in the Leg- islature 1 863, 1 864, and 1 865 ; supreme court judge 1865-70; after leaving the bench removed to Rochester, Minn. Was twice married; his first wife was Clarissa A. Pratt of Bakersfield. STEELE, Benjamin Hinman. Judge 1865-70. Born Stanstead, P. Q., Feb. 6, 1837; son of Sanford and Mary (Hin- man) Steele; died Faribault, Minn., July 13, 1873. Taught school at the age of 14; studied at Derby and Stanstead acade- mies, the college of St. Pierre, and Nor- wich University, graduated from Dart- mouth College 1857; was principal of Bar- ton Academy; was admitted to the Bar at the age of 21 ; began practice at Derby Line; was appointed by Gov. Paul Dil- lingham a supreme court judge when only 28, to fill a vacancy; was elected each year to the same position until 1870, when he declined re-election; went to Minnesota for his health 1873, and died the same year. In 1861 married Martha Sumner. PROUT, John. Judge 1867-9- Born Salisbury, Nov. 21, 1815; died Rutland, Aug. 28, 1890. Followed the printer's trade several years; admitted to Addison County Bar 1837; represented Salisbury "in the Legislature 1847, 1848, 1851; states attorney of Addison County 1848-51; re- moved to Rutland 1854; represented Rut- land in the Legislature 1865 and 1866; state senator from Rutland County 1867; supreme court judge 1867-9. WHEELER, HoYT Henry. Judge 1869-77. Born Chesterfield, N. H., Aug. 30, 1833; son of John Wheeler; died Nov. 19, 1906. Removed with his father to Newfane 1849; graduated from Chester- field Academy 1853; admitted to the Bar 1859; represented Jamaica in the Legisla- ture 1867, served on the judiciary commit- tee; state senator from Windsor County 1868 and 1869; supreme court judge 1869- 77; resigned March, 1877, having been appointed by President Hayes U. S. dis- trict judge for Vermont in place of Judge D. A. Smalley, deceased; held this posi- tion until October, I906, resigning about a month before his death; he was suc- ceeded by the present judge, James L. Martin of Brattleboro. Judge Wheeler in I86I married Minnie L. Maclay of Lock- port, N. Y. ROYCE, Homer Elihu. Judge 1870- 90, and chief judge 1882-90. See page 74. REDFIELD, Timothy Parker. Judge 1870-84. Born Coventry, Nov. 3, 1812; son of Peleg and Hannah (Parker) Red- field, and younger brother of Judge Isaac F. Redfield; died Chicago, 111., March 27, 1888. Graduated from Dartmouth Col- lege 1836; read law with his brother; ad- mitted to Orleans County Bar 1838; prac- ticed at Irasburg 1838-48, when he moved to MontpeUer; state senator from Orleans County 1848; supreme court judge 1870- 84, declining further service. In 1840 married Helen W. Grannis of Stanstead, P. Q. ROSS, Jonathan. Judge 1870-99, and chief judge 1890-9. See page 61. POWERS, Horace Henry. Judge 1874-90. See page 76. DUNTON, Walter C. Judge 1877- 9. Born Bristol, Nov. 29, 1830; died Rutland, April 23, 1890. Graduated from Middlebury College 1857; admitted to Rutland County Bar 1858; resided in Kan- sas for some years, and was a member of its last territorial Legislature I86I; lo- cated that same year in Rutland; in 1862 became captain of Co. H, 14th Vermont Volunteers ; member constitutional conven- tion of 1870; judge of probate for Dis- trict of Rutland from 1865 till April, 1877, when he was appointed by Governor Horace Fairbanks judge of the supreme court, to fill the vacancy caused by the MUNSON] THE JUDGES 87 resignation of Judge H. H. Wheeler; served on the supreme court bench until his resignation in 1879- VEAZEY, Wheelock Graves. Judge 1879-89. Born Brentwood, N. H., Dec. 5, 1835; son of Jonathan and Annie (Ste- vens) Veazey; died March 22, 1898. Graduated from Phillips (Exeter) Acad- emy, and Dartmouth College 1859; gradu- ated from Albany, N. Y., Law School I860; admitted to Vermont Bar I860; be- gan practice in Springfield. Enlisted as a private in Co. A, Srd Vermont Volunteers ; was elected captain, and promoted major and lieutenant-colonel; in September, 1862, was elected colonel of the l6th Regi- ment Vermont Volunteers ; took part in many of the battles of the Army of the Potomac; was for a time on the stafE of Gen. W. F. (Baldy) Smith; was mustered out of the service in August, 1 863 ; was voted a medal of honor by Congress for his services at Gettysburg; returned to Vermont 1863 shattered in health; su- preme court reporter 1864-73, preparing nine volumes of the Vermont Reports; state senator from Rutland County 1872- 4 ; appointed 1 874 register in bankruptcy ; in 1878 appointed by Gov. Redfield Proc- tor one of the commissioners to revise the laws of the state; supreme court judge 1879-89, resigning to accept an appoint- ment as a member of the interstate com- merce commission, which he held until his death; delegate to the Republican national convention 1876; trustee of Dartmouth College 1879-91, and received degree of LL. D. 1887; commander-in-chief of the national G. A. R. 1890. In 1861 married Julia A. Beard of Nashua, N. H. TAFT, Russell S. Judge 1880-1899, and chief judge 1899-1902. Born WiUis- ton, Jan. 28, 1835; died Burlington, March 22, 1902. Removed to Burlington 1853, residing there till 1881, when he returned to Williston ; later, returned to Burlington ; admitted to Chittenden County Bar 1856; selectman Burlington 1861-4; states at- torney for Chittenden County 1862-5; al- derman City of Burlington 1865-9; city attorney Burlington 1871-2; register of probate 1 863-80 ; . lieutenant-governor of the state 1872-4; represented Burlington in the Legislature 1880; supreme court judge 1880-1902, and chief justice 1889- 1902; died in office. ROWELL, John W., Randolph. Judge since 1882, and chief judge since 1902. Born Lebanon, N. H., June 9, 1835. Educated in the common schools and West Randolph Academy; LL. D. University of Vermont 1893. In 1858 married Mary L., daughter of Rev. Leonard and Han- nah (Gilman) Wheeler of Randolph. Read law and was admitted to the Bar of Orange County in 1858; practiced law until 1889. A Republican; States at- torney for Orange County 1862 and 1863; represented Randolph in the Legislature I861 and 1862; senator from Orange County 1874; elected reporter of decisions of Supreme Court 1872, holding the office by continuous election and appointment until December, 1880, when he declined longer to serve; appointed associate judge of supreme court by Governor Farnham and commissioned Jan. 11, 1889, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Judge Pierpoint; and on the death of Judge Taft, March 22, 1902, was appointed chief Judge and has received successive elec- tions by the Legislature since. WALKER, William Harris. Judge 1884-7. Born Windham, Feb. 2, 1832j son of Ephraim and Lydia (Harris) Walker; died Aijg. 11, 1896. Fitted for college at Leland and Gray Seminary and Black River Academy; graduated from Middlebury College 1858; assistant secre- tary Vermont Senate 1857; served one term as principal West River Academy, South Londonderry; two years principal of academy. Little Falls, N. Y. ; admitted to the Bar Windsor County I86I; began practice in Lydlow; elected captain in the 16th Vermont Volunteers 1862, but re- signed because of a severe attack of ty- phoid fever; represented Ludlow in the Legislatures of 1865, 1866, and 1884; state senator from Windsor County 1867 and 1868; states attorney for Windsor County two terms; judge of the supreme court 1884-7.' TYLER, James M. Judge 1887-1908. See page 76. MUNSON, LovELAND, Maiicliester. Judge since 1889. Born Manchester, July 21, 1848; son of Cyrus, and Lucy (Loveland) Munson. Educated in the public schools and at Burr and Burton Seminary, Manchester. In 1 882 mar- ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [START ried Mary B., daughter of Alexander B. Campbell of Mendon, 111.; they have no children. Began study of law in Elias B. Burton's office 1862; admitted to Ver- mont Bar 1866, at once formed partner- ship with his preceptor. About 1866 became member and later chairman of the Republican county committee, serv- ing as such for many years; was chair- man Republican district committee; edi- tor Manchestor Journal 1863-6; town clerk 1866-73; register of probate 1866- 76 ; member of constitutional - convention of 1870. Represented Manchester in the Legislature 1872, serving on the ju- diciary and railroad committees, and spe- cial joint committee to investigate the Central Vermont R. R. Again elected rep- resentative in 1874, he served as chairman judiciary committee, after being a strong but losing competitor of Hon. H. H. Powers for the speaker's chair. Sen- ator from Bennington County 1878, and president pro tern. Again member of the House in 1882, he was candidate for speaker against Hon. James L. Martin, the latter being elected. In May 1883 appointed judge of probate, serving un- til 1889. In 1889 was appointed by Governor Dillingham associate judge of the supreme court, and iias received suc- cessive elections by the Legislature since. START, Henry R. Judge 1890-1905. Born Bakersfield, Dec. 28, 1845; died Bakersfield, Nov. 7, 1905; son of Simeon Gould and Mary Sophia (Barnes) Start. Educated in the common schools, and Ba- kersfield and Barre academies. In 1869 married Ellen S. Houghton of Bakers- field ; she died in 1 890 ; they had four chil- dren, Simeon Gould, Guy H., Mabel S., and Burdette H. Served in the Civil War as member of Co. A, 3rd Regiment Ver- mont Volunteers ; studied law and ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1867; began prac- tice at Bakersfield, later forming partner- ship with A. P. Cross of St. Albans, under firm name of Cross & Start. A Republi- can; represented Franklin County in the Senate 1880; trustee Vermont reform school 1880-8; a presidential elector in the Harrison and Morton campaign; rep- resented Bakersfield in the Legislature 1890, serving as speaker of the House; elected assistant judge of supreme court 1890, with biennial re-elections until his death in 1905. THOMPSON, Laforrest Holman. Judge 1890-1900. Born Bakersfield, Jan. 6, 1848; died Irasburg, June 22, 1900; son of Levi S. and Irene (Hodgkins) Thompson. Educated in public schools of Potton, P. Q. ; Grammar School at Johnson, and Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N. H. In 1869 married Mary Eliza Dutton of Craftsbury, who died in 1881; they had four children, Margaret E., Mary I. (deceased), Frank D., and Helen M. In 1881 married Helen C. Kin- ney of Craftsbury; they had three chil- dren, Grace A. (deceased), Philip L., and Sidney H. Worked at farming until 17 years of age; when 21 years old had fitted for college, but ill health prevented an at- tendance and he taught school instead, studying law mostly by himself; admitted to the Vermont Bar 1871 and began prac- tice at Irasburg. A Republican; states attorney Orleans County 1876-81; repre- sented Irasburg in the Legislature 1880 and 1882, and again in 1890; senator from Orleans County 1884, and president pro tempore. In 1890 elected assistant judge of supreme court, receiving biennial elec- tions until his death in 1900. WATSON, John Henry, Montpelier. Judge since 1899- Born Jamaica, May 12, 1851; son of Asahel and Adelpha (Jack- son) Watson. Educated in the public schools and academies; honorary degree of LL. D. conferred on him in 1908 by the University of Vermont. In 1879 married Clara L., daughter of Darwin A. and Lau- rette (Fitts) Hammond of Wardsboro; they have two sons, John Henry and Hugh Hammond. His early life was largely spent on the farm; he studied law in the office of Orin Gambell, Esq., Bradford; admitted to Vermont Bar, December, 1877. The law partnership of Gambell & Watson was formed and continued about six months, when Mr. Watson bought out his partner's interest, and thereafter prac- ticed his profession alone. In 1899 re- moved to Montpelier, where he has since resided. A Republican; states attorney of Orange County 1886-8; senator from Or- ange County 1892-4; appointed associate judge of the supreme court by Governor E. C. Smith, Jan. 19, 1899, to fill vacancy caused by resignation of Chief Judge Jon- athan Ross. The supreme court then con- sisted of a chief judge and six associate judges. Mr. Watson received successive MILES] THE JUDGES elections as an associate judge of that court, the same number of judges con- tinuing, until 1906. In that year the ju- diciary system of the state was changed, the number of supreme judges being re- duced to four, a chief judge and three associate judges, and Judge Watson was elected as the third associate judge. In I9O8 the number of judges was increased to five, and he was elected second associ- ate judge, which position he has since held. STAFFORD, Wendell Phillips; Judge 1900-4. Born Barre, May 1, I86I; son of John Franklin and Sarah Ann (Noyes) Stafford. Educated at Barre Academy, St. Johnsbury Academy, and Boston University Law School. In 1886 married Florence Sinclair Goss of St. Johnsbury; they had two children, Edward, and Robert (died May 24, 1901). Practiced law in St. Johnsbury 1883-1900, when he was appointed to the supreme court of Vermont, serving until 1904. From 1897 to I9OO was reporter of decisions for the Supreme Court of Vermont. A Republican; represented St. Johnsbury in the Legislature 1892; appointed associate justice of the su- preme court of the District of Columbia by President Theodore Roosevelt, May, 1904, which position he has since held. Has published two volumes of poems, "North Flowers," (the Caledonia Co., St. Johnsbury, 1902); "Dorian Days," (The Macmillan Co., New York, 1909). An Episcopalian; member Cosmos Club, Washington. Residence, 1725 Lamont Street, Washington, D. C. HASELTON, Seneca, Burlington. Judge since 1902. Born Westford, Feb. 26, 1848; son of Rev. Amos and Amelia (Frink) Haselton. Educated at Univer- sity of Vermont, A. B. 1871, A. M. 1874; LL. B. University of Michigan 1875; LL. D. University of Vermont 1909- Judge Haselton is unmarried. Instructor in mathematics University of Michigan 1 873- 4; admitted to Vermont Bar, 1875. Is a Democrat; represented Burlington in the Legislature 1886; mayor of Burlington I891-4 inclusive; U. S. minister to Venez- uela 1894-5 under appointment of Presi- dent Cleveland; Democratic candidate for U. S. senator 1900; judge Supreme Court of Vermont April, 1902, to December, 1906; chief judge Superior Court of Ver- mont December, 1906, to 19O8; judge of Supreme Court of Vermont December, I9O8, to date. Was for a time reporter of decisions of Supreme Court, and edited vols. 72 and 73 Vermont Reports. Mem- ber Selden Society of England; Vermont Historical Society; American Society In- ternational Law; and Algonquin Club of Burlington. POWERS, George McClellan, Mor- risville. Judge since 1904. Born Hyde Park, Dec. 19, I86I ; son of Horace Henry and Caroline E. (Waterman) Powers. Educated at People's Academy, Morris- ville; and University of Vermont. In 1893 married Gertrude F. Woodbury of Burlington; they have four children, Hor- ace Henry, Mildred Dorothy, Elizabeth Lillian, and Roberta Frances. States at- torney Lamoille County 1888-90; messen- ger in senate 1872 and 1874; assistant clerk house of representatives 1884, 1886 and 1888; secretary of the senate 1890, 1892 and 1894; reporter of decisions 1902-4; judge of the supreme court 1904- 6; superior judge 1906-9; judge of the supreme court since. A Republican; rep- resented Morristown in the Legislature 1896. A Universalist. Member of Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M. ; Tucker Chapter; Palestine Commandery, and Mt. Sinai Temple; member of Sterling Lodge, I. O. O. F. MILES, Willard Wesbery, Barton. Judge since 1905. Born Albany, Feb. 6, 1845; son of Orin and Eunice (Clark) Miles. Educated in the public schools of Albany, and the Barnston and Hatley Academies in the Province of Quebec, with private instructions in Greek and Latin by Rev. S. K. B. Perkins. In 1872 mar- ried Ellen M. Dow of Albany; they had three children, Ida M., Mabel A., and Orin L. (deceased). Taught in the pub- lic schools of Albany and vicinity, and two terms each in Albany and Craftsbury academies, employing leisure time in read- ing law. In law office of Charles I. Vail, Esq., at Irasburg two years, and of Hon. William W. Grout, Barton, one year; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1872; practiced at South Albany until June, 1873, when he opened a law office at North Crafts- bury; in 1881 removed to Barton and formed partnership with Hon. W. W. Grout, continuing till 1888, when General 90 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [HALL Grout retired on account of political du- ties. A Republican; town clerk for sev- eral years ; represented Albany in the Leg- islature 1872, Craftsbury in 1878, and Barton in 1904; states attorney for Or- leans County 1890-4; senator from Or- leans County 1894-6; elected associate judge of supreme court 1905, and since 1906 has been chief judge of the superior court. A Congregationalist ; and member of Masonic fraternity. HALL, Alfred Allen. Judge 1906- 12. Born Athens, Dec. 31, 1848; died at St. Albans, Jan. 21, 1912; son of Richard Hart and Mary Eliza (Crow- ley) Hall. Educated in the public schools, and Leland and Gray Seminary, Townshend. In 1874 married Abbie L. Austin of Athens; they had two sons, Harrie Vaughn and LeRoy Austin. Read law with Davis & Adams, St. Albans, 1870-3; admitted to Vermont Bar 1873, soon after to practice in the Supreme Court, and United States Courts. In partnership with W. D. Wilson 1874- 1900. A member of Vermont National Guard 10 years, serving as private and on the non-commissioned and commissioned staifs; in 1881 was appointed upon the staff of Governor Pingree and commis- sioned as colonel and aide-de-camp. Was a Republican. President of board of trus- tees village of St. Albans 1880-1; states attorney 1882-4; member of school board and its chairman six years; state senator 1892; chairman and president pro tern of commission on revision of laws 1893-4; commissioner on uniform laws 1896; elected superior judge 1906; re-elected I9O8 and I9IO; chairman of the commis- sion on probation 19II. A Congrega- tionalist. Past grand master, past grand high priest, and past grand commander of the Grand bodies of Vermont, F. & A. M. ; 33 degrees A. A. S. R., Northern ]\Iasonic Jurisdiction. TAYLOR, William Henry, Hardwick. Judge since 1906. Born Wheelock, July 18, 1863; son of Benjamin Franklin and Amanda M. (Stetson) Taylor. Educated at Hardwick Academy, 1882; and Dart- mouth College, class of 1886. In 1887 married Nettie I. Clark of Hardwick; they have four children, Harold F., Flor- ence M., Mildred I., and Cecil A. Was principal Hardwick Academy four years ; supervisor of schools for Caledonia County two years; admitted to Vermont Bar 1892; practiced law at Hardwick until 1906, when elected superior judge and chancel- lor. Is a Republican. Has held various town and village offices; state's attorney Caledonia County 1894-8; represented Hardwick in the Legislature 1900; state senator from Caledonia Coimty 1906; su- perior judge and chancellor since 1906. In religious belief is a Methodist. Mem- ber of Caspian Lake Lodge No. 87, F. & A. M.; Hiram Chapter No. 29, R. A. M.; and Lamoille Commandery. STANTON, Zed Silloway, Roxbury. Judge since 19O8. Born May 1, 1848; son of George Berry and Lucretia Stanton. Educated in the public schools and North- field High School; honorary degree of M. A. from Norwich University in 1895. In 1880 married Jennie Smith Walbridge of Roxbury; they have one daughter, Jes- sie Lucretia. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1880; the Supreme Court 1882, and the United States District Court 1889- Is a Republican; has held nearly all the town offices, was assistant judge Washington County Court 1884-8; states attorney Washington County 1890-6; railroad com- missioner 1 896-8, chairman of the board from 1897; represented Roxbury in the Legislature 1884 and 1886; senator from Washington County 1900; was lieutenant- governor 1902-1904; and was elected Judge of the Superior Court Oct. 22, I9O8, which office he now holds. Is a Congregationalist. Is vice-president of the Vermont Society of Sons of the Ameri- can Revolution. BUTLER, Fred Mason, Rutland. Judge since 1909. Born Jamaica, Mav 28, 1854; son of Aaron Mason and Eme- line (Muzzy) Butler. Educated in the public schools of Jamaica, and Leland and Gray Seminary. Nov. 24, 1875, married Lillian Holton of Dummerston; they have three children, Anza Lillian, Helen Maria, and Florence Muzzy. Before leaving school he began the study of law with Jonathan G. Eddy, Esq., of Jamaica, later studying in the office of Hon. E. L. Water- man and Hon. Hoyt H. Wheeler ; admitted to Vermont Bar March, 1877; in August following entered into a co-partnership with Hon. Joel C. Baker of Rutland, which was discontinued at the end of one year; FISH] THE JUDGES 91 in partnership with Hon. L. W. Reding- ton, continuing six years; in 1884 formed partnership with Hon. Thomas W. Mo- loney, which continued 24 years. Was at- torney for electric lighting and street rail- way companies, and was largely instru- mental in effecting consolidation and or- ganizing the Rutland Railway, Light and Power Co. ; president Vermont Bar Associ- ation 1906-7; has for many years heen a director in the Baxter National Bank, and until elected a superior judge was director in Rutland Railway Light and Power Co. and State Mutual Fire Insurance Co. Is a Republican ; many times delegate to state and other conventions; town grand juror 1882-4; city attorney 1884-9; city judge 1889-95, under appointments by Gover- nors Dillingham, Page and Fuller, declin- ing further service as city judge to devote his time to law practice. Senator from Rutland County 1908, and in January, 1909, elected superior judge, which office he now holds. Is a Baptist; trustee of the permanent fund of Rutland Baptist Church; president of Vermont Baptist state convention 1909 and re-elected I9IO. FISH, Frank Leslie, Vergennes. Judge. Born Newfane, Sept. 17, 1863; son of Frederick Appleton and Sarah Moore (Gates) Fish. Educated at Le- land and Gray Seminary, Townshend, and Vermont Academy, Saxtons River. In 1892 married Mary Jane Lyon of Water- bury, Vt.; they have three children, Sarah Katherine, Frederick Lyon, and Prudence Hopkins. Fitted for the law in the of- fice of Hon. James M. Tyler, Brattleboro, and Hon. Levant M. Reed, Bellows Falls; practiced in the state and federal courts since admission to the Bar in 1889; lo- cated in Vergennes 1890. Is a Republi- can ; city collector for five years ; states attorney for Addison County, 1891-1900; national bank examiner for Vermont 1900- 8; represented Vergennes in the Legisla- ture I9O8; appointed by Governor Mead, Feb. 15, 1912, sixth Superior Court Judge, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Judge Alfred A. Hall. Member of Dor- chester Lodge No. 1, F. & A. M., Ver- gennes; the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; and the Order of Knights of Pythias. An attendant of the Congrega- tional Church. MEN OF VERMONT ABBOTT, Edward S., Montpelier. Ed- ucator. Born Troy, Oct. 2, 1882; son of Oscar W. and Eliza (Mathews) Abbott. Educated at Derby Academy and Univer- sity of Vermont, Ph. B. 1909- Was prin- cipal Milton High School, 1903-5; of Montpelier High School since 1909. In religious preference a Unitarian. Mem- ber of Seneca Lodge No. 40, F. & A. M., of Milton; Kappa Sigma fraternity; and I'hi Beta Kappa Society. ABBOTT, George Oscar, Brattleboro. Merchant. Born Thetford, March 25, 1851; son of James Munroe and Lovina M. (Cross) Abbott. Educated at Thet- ford public schools. In 1873 married Viola M. Campbell of Sutton; they have two children, Ethel L. (Mrs. Walter J. Ackerman) and Sherman Franklin. At the age of 15 learned the mason's trade of his father, continuing with him until 1881; collector for Singer Sewing Ma- chine Co. in Oxford County, Me., 1881-7; engaged in meat and provision business, Lebanon, N. H., 1887-1902, meanwhile conducting a wholesale business in White River Junction two years; went to Brat- tleboro 1902 and established present meat business, taking his son Sherman into part- nership in 1907, under firm name of George 0- Abbott & Son. Is a Repub- lican. Member of Congregational Church; and Protection Grange No. 22, P. of H. ABELL, Charles E., Orwell. Farmer. Born Orwell, May 2, 1836; son of Mason S. and Mary H. (Dickinson) Abell. Edu- cated in the public schools of Orwell, Troy Conference Academy, and Middlebury College, class of I86I. In 1867 married Mary Jane Root of Orwell. Enlisted as private in Co. H, 5th Vermont Volun- teers, Sept. 4, 1861; discharged from service for disability Jan. 20, 1862; re- enlisted as captain of Co. D, 14th Ver- mont Volunteers, Aug. 29, 1862, serving in that capacity until the regiment was mustered out of service July 30, 1863; principal engagement, Gettysburg. In the fall of 1865 occupied the farm at "Abell's Corners," which was cleared by his ancestors, who came to Orwell in 1784, and where he has since been engaged in farming. A Republican; has held most of the elective offices in the gift of the town; represented Orwell in the Legisla- ture 1876; senator from Addison County 1892. A Congregationalist ; member In- dependent Lodge No. 10, F. & A. M., of Orwell; Farmers' Chapter No. 9, R. A. M., of Brandon; Mt. Calvary Command- ery No. 1, K. T., of Middlebury. ABERNETHY, Frank D., Burlington. Merchant. Born New Haven, Dec. 28, 1858; son of Ira and Mary (Lawrence) Abernethy. Educated in the public schools and Bristol Academy. Mr. Aber- nethy is unmarried. In October, 1880, began his business career as clerk in store of Lyman & Allen, Burlington; admitted to partnership in firm in 1885; on death of Mr. Lyman in 1890 became equal part- ner with Mr. Allen, under the firm name of H. W. Allen & Co.; in 1 910 purchased Mr. Allen's interest in the firm, now the largest dry goods establishment in Ver- mont. Is a Republican; an Episcopalian. Member Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M., Burlington; Algonquin and Ethan Allen clubs; and Waubanakee Golf Club. ADAMS, Benjamin Franklin, White River Junction. Builder, contractor and lumber dealer. Born Canaan, N. H., Sept. 21, 1883; son of Ephraim and Philomine (Roberts) Adams. Educated in the pub- lic schools of White River Junction. In 19O8 married Grace LaPorte of Lebanon, N. H. Telegraph operator 10 years for Central Vermont, New York, New Haven & Hartford, and Boston & Maine rail- roads. In October, I9O8, in company with his brother formed the building, contract- ing and lumber dealing firm of P. E. & B. F. Adams, with office and plant at White River Junction. Member of St. 94 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEEMONT BIOGRAPHY LADAMS Anthony's (Catholic) Church, White River Junction. Member of Modern Woodmen of America; assistant deputy for Wind- sor, Windham and Washington counties. ADAMS, Frank G., Guildhall. Mer- chant and postmaster. Born Concord, Nov. 27, 1854; son of Horace and Emily (Carpenter) Adams. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Concord and Maidstone. Moved from Concord to Maidstone with his parents 1869; remained on the home farm, Maidstone, until 1880; worked on another farm that summer; from then un- til November, 1885, W£is employed at a sawmill in Guildhall; then returned to the home farm, remaining there till 1902, when he sold the farm and purchased a small farm in Guildhall, and in 1909 a store in Guildhall; received the appointment of postmaster 1910. Is a Eegublican; has been town clerk and treasurer three years ; justice of the peace nine years; county treasurer five years; probation officer five years; and has held various other town offices. A Congregationalist. Secretary of Benton Lodge No. 88, F. & A. M.; and member of the Grange. ADAMS, Frank Willard, White River Junction. Merchant. Born Nov. 24, 1881; son of George Henry and Alice S. (Jones) Adams. Educated in the public schools and Black River Academy. His first mar- riage was to Ethel L. Fletcher, who died 1909; in 1910 married Grace Adelaide Congdon. Employed in a clothing store at Woodstock previous to 1904, when the partnership of Adams & Smith, clothing merchants, was formed, continuing to date. A Republican; a Baptist. Member of United Brethren Lodge, F. & A. M., Cas- cadnac Chapter, and Vermont Command- ery; Claremont Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; Mystic Lodge, K. P., and Modern Woodmen of America. ADAMS, Frederic Charles, Brattle- boro. Bank teller. Born Brattleboro, Jan. 31, 1879; son of Leroy F. and Ella H. (Crosby) Adams. Educated at Brat- tleboro High School, class of 1896. In 1902 married Marion Ruth Hunt of Brat- tleboro; they have two children, Lyman Crosby and Eleanor Ruth. Entered Peo- ple's National Bank as messenger in 1896; elected teller in 19O6, which position he still holds. Is a Republican. A Congre- gationalist. Member of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; Fort Dummer Chap- ter No. 12, R. A. M.; Connecticut River Council No. 16, R. & S. M.; Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T. ADAMS, Edwin Philetus, Marlboro. Farmer. Born Marlboro, Oct. 18, 1848; son of Leander Clark and Augusta Char- lotte (Mather) Adams. Educated in the public and select schools of Marlboro. In 1872 married Minerva E. Adams, who died 1880; they had two sons, Roy Leon and Henry Merle (deceased); in 1882 married Ida Estella Dalrymple of Hali- fax; they have one son, Gerald Leslie. Has always followed farming; came to the farm he now occupies when seven years old ; taught school in Marlboro, West Dover, and West Guilford. A Republi- can; selectman 1878, 1884, 1889, and I896; auditor many years; lister, school director, town superintendent, treasurer, trustee of public money, town agent, and grand juror; town clerk five years; justice of the peace 25 years. Represented Marl- boro in the Legislature 1884, 1892, 1896, 1902, and 190 8; senator from Windham County 1910. A Congregationalist; mem- ber of the standing committee, and deacon many years. Charter member of Marl- boro Grange, has been master three differ- ent periods ; now secretary ; librarian for a number of years for Library Associa- tion. ADAMS, Elmer B., St. Louis, Mo., U. S. circuit judge. Born Pomfret, Oct. 27, 1842; son of Jarvis and Eunice (Mitch- ell) Adams. Educated at Kimball Union Academy I86I; Yale University 1865; Harvard Law School, part of a course; LL. D. State University of Missouri 1897, Washington University I9O8. In 1870 married Emma U. Richmond of Woodstock. After graduating at Yale engaged one year in the work of aiding poor white children of the South, under auspices of the American Union Commis- sion, collaborating with Rev. Lyman Ab- bott, the secretary of that commission ; studied law afterwards in office of Wash- burn & Marsh, Woodstock, and at Har- vard Law School; settled in St. Louis 1868; engaged in practice of law with much success for a new arrival, until 1878, when he was elected judge of the circuit court in St. Louis, where for six /l,:,.^,,:5^41^/^^iiie^^,^^5_. ADAMS] MEN OF VERMONT 95 years, one full term, he tried cases in law and chancery in the court of original jurisdiction in such cases; declined re- election to his old court or to the court of appeals, both of which were offered to and urged upon him. In 1885 re-entered the practice of the law and had for 10 years a large and lucrative practice in the higher courts, state and federal. In 1905 President Cleveland appointed him U. S. district judge, in which position he served in St. Louis until 1905, when President Roosevelt promoted him to be U. S. cir- cuit judge for 8th judicial circuit. As district judge he sat in the trial of many great cases which attracted widespread attention; as circuit judge from 1905 to the present time, he has been a member of the U. S. circuit court of' appeals and has sat for the most part exclusively in hearing appeals from 12 or IS states constituting the 8th circuit. He was a member of. the court which tried among many others, the great cases of the United States vs. Standard Oil Co., United States vs. Union Pacific and Southern Pa- cific R. R. Companies, United States vs. St. Louis Terminal Co., all involving alleged violations of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, and other cases controlling the judgments and decrees of the interstate commerce commission. Is still a regular attendant upon the sessions of the court of appeals, and at the present time has in charge the receivership of the Wabash Railroad Co. He appointed the receivers in December, 1911, and they are now in full operation of road, under his supervision and control. Has been lecturer in law schools of the state; is member and director of the Peace and Arbitration League of Amer- ica; a member of the committee organized to celebrate the 100th anniversary of peace with England. A Democrat of the sound money kind; has never held office except judicial offices. Is a member of many clubs in St. Louis, Mo., and in Woodstock. Has a country home in Wood- stock where he has spent much of his sum- mer vacations for many years, and has never failed to visit his native state and his home town except on two or three oc- casions when he spent his vacations in for- eign lands. Office, Custom House. Resi- dence, 25- Westmoreland Place, St. Louis. ADAMS, James Pinckney Henderson, Fair Haven. Manufacturer. Born in the grand duchy of Saxe-Weimar, Germany, April 5, 1879; son of Edward White and Julia Biddle (Henderson) Adams, daugh- ter of James Pinckney Henderson, first governor of Texas and U. S. senator. Graduated from Newark Academy, New- ark, N. J.; Yale University, B. A. ; and studied law at Columbia University and New York Law School. In 1902 married Florence Louise Day of East Orange, N. J.; they had three daughters, Julia Hen- derson (deceased), Florence Day, and Elizabeth McCall. In 1901 with German- American Fire Insurance Co. of New York City; in 1902 became one of its chief in- spectors, and was one of the two inspec- tors chosen by the National Board of Fire Underwriters to compile data for rerating the city of Brooklyn; in 1903 treasurer of a Maine slate company, with office in New York City; in 1904 treasurer Vermont Unfading Green Slate Co., and removed to Fair Haven, where he has since resided ; in 1906 elected president and treasurer of the same company, which position he still holds ; official delegate of the National As- sociation of Manufacturers and of the State of Vermont on the commission which went under auspices of Boston Chamber of Commerce to study industrial and mu- nicipal problems in Europe, I911 ; director. Western Vermont and Rutland County Ag- ricultural Societies ; president Vermont Structural Slate Co. since 1909; chairman executive committee National Slate Manu- facturers' Association since I9O8; former president Vermont Slate Operators' Asso- ciation, and chairman of executive com- mittee since 1909; vice-president National Association of Manufacturers 1908, 1910, and 1911. A Republican; delegate to state and district conventions I906 and I9O8, and the county convention I9IO; first alternate delegate-at-large to the na- tional Republican convention in Chicago 19O8; delegate to the National Tariff Com- mission conventions at Indianapolis 1909, and at Washington, D. C, I91I. Mem- ber of St. Luke's Protestant Episcopal Church; warden 1906-12; lay reader I9IO- 1 1 ; elected delegate to diocesan convention 1906, 1907, 1909, and 1910 ; delegate from diocese of Vermont to Episcopal General Convention at Cincinnati, 1910; president of St. Luke's Men's Club. Member of Eureka Lodge No. 75, F. & A. M. ; Poult- ney Chapter No. 10, R. A. M.; Killington Commandery No. 6, K. T., of Rutland; 96 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ADAMS Cairo Temple^ Mystic Shrine, of Rutland; delegate to Imperial Council at Roches- ter, N. Y., 191 Ij and at Los Angeles, Cal., 1912; past consul of Modern Woodmen of America; member of Prospect Grange; Yale Alumni Association of Vermont ; Yale Club of New York City; Masonic Associa- tion of Fair Haven, member of board of governors; National Geographic Society; American Association for the Advance- ment of Science; American Society for the Judicial Settlement of Industrial Dis- putes ; American Academy of Political and Social Science; and Texas Historical As- sociation. While at Yale was on several championship athletic teams, first as a mile walker, and later became the college champion half-mile runner; held the Yale- Harvard half-mile record of 1' 57 4/5" for seven years ; in 1 899 went to England on the Yale-Harvard athletic team that raced against Oxford and Cambridge at Queen's Club, London; was member of the Yale relay team that won the intercol- legiate two-mile relay championship at Philadelphia in 1899, and broke the rec- ord; in 1898 was on the team that won the intercollegiate cross country champion- ship of America; and in 1899 was captain of the Yale team; in I90O while at Colum- bia Law School won the Columbia cross ■ country championship, and broke the 6 2/3 mile record. ADAMS, Placide Ephraim, White River Junction. Contractor and builder. Born Lebanon, N. H., Nov. 1, 1878; son of Ephraim and Fannie (Roberts) Adams. At an early age removed with his parents to Canaan, N. H.; educated in the pub- lic schools there and in Franklin, N. H. In 1904 married Agnes Raymond of White River Junction; they have three children, Ephraim Luke, Sarah Esther, and Robert Placide. Learned the carpenter's trade, and in 1909 with his brother formed the firm of P. E. & B. F. Adams, builders and contractors, with a business which covers Vermont and New Hampshire. A Demo- crat. Member of St. Anthony's Catholic Church; White River Junction Camp, Modern Woodmen of America, and Riche- lieu Court, Catholic Order of Foresters, of Lebanon, N. H. ADSIT, Elbridge S., Burlington. Coal merchant. Born Chesterfield, N. Y., Sept. 15, 1850; son of Hollis and Mary (Bige- low) Adsit. Educated at Chesterfield pub- lic schools, Burlington Free Academy, and Langoly's Commercial College, Bur- lington. In 1883 married Millie A. Clary of Springfield, Mass.; they have one daughter, Dorothy Clary. From 1867-75 was in the employ of Luther Whitney, a contractor, as foreman; in 1875, with John J. Bigelow, purchased the coal busi- ness of S. K. Wells, which was carried on under the name of Adsit & Bigelow for 1 8 years ; then purchased the Bigelow in- terest, doing business as E. S. Adsit for 12 years, when a stock company was formed, the E. S. Adsit Goal Co., of which Mr. Adsit. is president; in 1907 he laid out and built a street in Burlington which is named Adsit Place. Is director and vice president Burlington Mijtual Fire In- surance Co. Is a Republican; has been chief of police, alderman, and is now mem- ber of the board of school commissioners. Is a member of the Unitarian Church. A 32 degree Scottish Rite Mason; member of Burlington Compaandery No. 2, Knights Templar; Cairo Temple, Mystic Shrine; and Society of Colonial Wars. AITKEN, George, late of Woodstock. Farmer. Born Stirlingshire, Scotland, Jan. 5, 1852; died Woodstock, Sept. 19, 191O; son of Thomas and Margaret (Drummond) Aitkeij. Received his early education in his native place. , In 1875 married Margaret Smith Anderson of Stir- ling, Scotland; they had five children, Margaret Fleming, Elizabeth Mary An- derson, Marion Allan, Agnes Anderson, and Dorothy (deceased) . Mr. Aitken came to this country when 21 years of age; lived on Long Island for a few years ; was also on an estate near Philadelphia for a short time; in 1883 was engaged as man- ager by the late Frederick Billings; had a thorough knowledge of agriculture and was authority on the breeding of Jersey cattle; made the Billings herd famous throughout the country ; at the World's ex- position at Chicago, 1893, they won more prizes than any other of the many herds entered in the contest; was an alert task- master, and always had the respect of those under him; was widely known for his successful efforts to better the agricul- tural conditions in Vermont; was a mem- ber of the state board of agriculture for many years, and for three years its secre- tary ; president of the Vermont • Agricul- ye/>^{2d:^e. t^-v^ ALGER] MEN OF VERMONT 97 tural Society in 1897; member of the Ver- mont Dairymen's Association, president 1902-4; member of the state agricultural commission by appointment of Governor Prouty; member of the American Jersey Cattle Club; trustee of the University of Vermont ; one of the trustees of the Sana- torium of Pittsford; represented Wood- stock in the Legislature 1904. Of late years had given much attention to for- estry, setting out several plantations on Billings farm, and done much to develop general interest in the subject in Vermont. Perhaps no man in Vermont represented to a higher degree all that was progressive in the three branches, animal husbandry, agriculture, and forestry; he was recog- nized as one of the best informed writers and speakers in these branches in Ver- mont. Was vice-president of the Vermont Forestry Association; a delegate to the national conservation congress held at St. Paul 1910; an active member of the Wood- stock Improvement Society; and had been interested in the Windsor County Y. M. C. A. from its organization. Member of the Congregational Church at Woodstock. Past master of Woodstock Lodge No. 31, F. & A. M. ; member of Ottauquechee Chapter No. 21, R. A. M.; Windsor Coun- cil No. 8, R. & S. M. ; Vermont Command- ery No. 4, K. T. ; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; and Woodstock Lodge, O. E. S. Had traveled extensively, his last trip in 1908 into the heart of Africa, and a previous one through the Pacific states, the Canadian Rockies, and Alaska, being his two most noteworthy journeys. He was a clear-headed, warm-hearted Scotch- man, possessed of courage, ambition, and marked ability; in fact, a valuable and patriotic citizen. ALDRICH, Walter Johnston, St. Johnsbury. Physician, surgeon, obstetri- cian; was born Nov. 3, 1866, in Lyman, N. H. ; and is in the ninth generation from George Aldrich who came to Massachusetts in 1631 from Derbyshire, England. He was educated at St. Johnsbury Academy; and in 1893 graduated from the Bellevue Hospital Medical College of New York City. He has been a lecturer on obstetrics at the training school for nurses ; and staff physician at the Brightlook Hospital. He has been major and surgeon of the first regiment of the Vermont uniform rank, Knights of Pythias; is United States. pen- sion examiner; life insurance examiner; now makes a specialty of surgery and obstetrics. ALEXANDER, Marshall Henry, St. Albans City. Lawyer. Born St. Albans, Sept. 24, 1861; son of Henry G. and Al- vira S. (Greene) Alexander. Educated in the public schools and St. Albans Academy. In 1884 married Bertha E. Atchinson of Jericho, who died 1910; they had three children, only one of whom now survives, a daughter, Ruth. Admitted to the Vermont Bar 1883; admitted to the New York Bar in 1897, and practiced there for a few years; returned to Ver- mont, and resided in town of Georgia for several years; in 1907 opened an office in St. Albans, and has since been actively engaged in the practice of law. Is a Re- publican; represented Georgia in the Legislature 1906; chairman of committee on elections, and a member of several other committees; served as a justice of the peace in Georgia six years; constable and collector five years; superintendent of schools for two years ; at present a mem- ber of the Republican city committee of St. Albans. In religious belief a Meth- odist. ALFRED, John B., St. Albans. Farmer and deputy sheriff. Born Fairfax, April 23, 1845; son of Samuel D. and Polly S. (Smith) Alfred. Educated in the pub- lic schools. In 1866 married Susan A. Bradley of Fairfield; they have four chil- dren, Anna E., Samuel D., Nathan B., and Chauncey A. From 1866-7 engaged with his father in mercantile business in Fairfax; purchased the business and con- tinued to 1897; since 1898 has been dep- uty sheriff, St. Albans. Is a Republican; represented Fairfax in the Legislature 1896. In religious belief a Baptist. ALGER, Luke A., Richmond. Farmer. Born Richmond, March l6, 1858; son of Alonzo W. and Melissa (Blair) Alger. Educated at public schools and Vermont Methodist Seminary. In 1883 married Hattie S. Wood of Potsdam, N. Y. ; they have three children, Adelbert G., Alice M. (Mrs. P. W. Severance of Colchester), and Bertha J. Mr. Alger's business life has always been closely connected with the farm; is carrying on the farm which has been in the family three generations. ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ALLARD Is a Democrat; selectman three years. A member of the Baptist Church for SO years; superintendent of the Sunday school; steward and member of ministerial committee for 20 years. ALLARD, Christopher G., Winooski. Town clerk and treasurer. Born Winoo- ski, Oct. 8, 1857; son of Francis E. and Cecilia (Gordon) AUard. Educated in the public and parochial schools, and Mon- treal College, Montreal, P. Q. In 1878 married Zoe Pariseau of Winooski; they had nine children, Francis C, T. Henry (deceased), Julian F., Joseph E. (de- ceased), Mary C, Zoe A., J. William, Louis C. (deceased), and Evelyn A. (de- ceased). Employed in the office of the Burlington cotton mill two years ; spinner, and later foreman of the spooling and twisting room of the Burlington woolen mill until 1882; clerk in Carpenter Bros.' store 1882-5; for Piatt & Co. 1885-8; postmaster, Winooski, 1888-92; assistant postmaster 1892-93; postmaster for the second time 1893-97; engaged in the steam laundry business 1897-1903. A Denio- crat; in 1903 elected town clerk and in 1905 town treasurer; village treasurer, district school clerk, and graded school treasurer. A member of St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church. Member of Cath- olic Order of Foresters; Knights of Co- lumbus; St. Peter's Society; and chief for- ester in Modern Woodmen of America. ALLARD, Francis E., Winooski. Mer- chant. Born Winooski, May 29, 1856; son of Francis E. and Cecilia (Gordon) AUard. Educated in the public and paro- chial schools. In 1882 married Mary J. Maguire of Malone, N. Y.; they had five children, Eugene F. (deceased), Edward James (deceased), Katherine C., Eliza- beth J., and Marguerite M. Employed in the Burlington woolen mills two years; in 1875 engaged in the manufacture and sale of candy; in 1896 built the Allard block to which he removed his business, continuing the same until 1905; from 1905-10 in the cigar and tobacco business; in 1911 purchased the Pease clothing store, which he has conducted to date. Stockholder in Champlain Trust Co. A Democrat; lister- and village president three years; first selectman four years; trustee one year; justice of the peace since 1890; overseer of the poor in 1902; water commissioner six years; represented Col- chester in the Legislature 1902, and again in 1910. Member of St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church; financial secretary of Catholic Order of Foresters 10 years; chief ranger of Catholic Order of Forest- ers; member of St. Peter's Society; Knights of Columbus, and a member of Sherman's Military Band 32 years. ALLEN, Charles Edwin, Brattleboro. Florist and seedman. Born Westminster, Feb. 2, 1851; son of George Green and Almira (Carpenter) Allen. Educated at Brattleboro High School. In 1872 mar- ried Emma Maria Hodge of Groton, Mass.; they have four children, Florence Cragin, Carroll Everett, Ralph George, and Louis Isaiah. Began business 1868 as market gardener, building first green- houses 1872, increasing to about 12,000 feet glass 1 875-80 ; cultivated strawberries extensively ; and did large catalogue trade ; later supplying wholesale and retail trade in cut flowers and plants; since 1906 a successful contractor and builder, and manufacturer cement blocks. Is a Re- publican, and a Congregationalist. ALLEN, Charles Edwin, Burlington. Lawyer. Born Burlington, Nov. 28, 1838; son of Joseph Dana and Eliza Rachel (Johnson) Allen. Educated in Burlington public schools. University ot Vermont, class of 1859; and Albany Law School (Union College) 1864. In 1867 married Ellen Cornelia Lyman, only daughter of Elias and Cornelia (Hall) Lyman of Burlington, who died 1896; they had three children, Joseph Dana of Buffalo, N. Y., Dr. Lyman Al- len, and Florence Lyman (Mrs. William P. Remington of Minneapolis, Minn.). Admitted to the Vermont Bar 1864; made a specialty of patent laws; prac- ticed law in New York city 1864-7, since then in Burlington. Is a Republican; al- derman of city 1878-82; city assessor 1882; school commissioner 1883-96; city clerk 1886-1903. Is an Episcopalian; was for several years vestryman of St. Paul's Church, Burlington. Secretary of Alumni Association University of Vermont since 1870; member of Ethan Allen Club; Algonquin Club; Sons of American Revo- lution ; Society of Colonial Wars ; Chitten- den County Bar Association, of which he has been vice president and president ; and the State Bar Association. ALLEN] MEN OF VERMONT 99 ALL,ENj George Bassett, Hyde Park. Farmerj lumber dealer, and insurance. Born Johnson, May 13, 1864; son of Leonard and Cynthia (Bassett) Allen. Educated at Lamoille Central Academy, Hyde Park; Johnson Normal School; and University of Vermont. In 1890 married Lona Mower of Eden ; they have two sons, Leo M. and Nathan L. Taught school three years; was traveling salesman for C. E. Webb & Co., wholesale druggists, Jackson, Mich., two years; since then has been engaged as farmer, lumber dealer, and insurance agent. Is a Eepublican; represented Hyde Park in the Legislature 1 898 ; one of the committee on claims ; has held the offices of selectman, lister, school director, school superintendent, constable, town grand juror, and justice of the peace; is president of the Gihon Valley School Union, embracing the towns of Eden, Hyde Park, and Johnson. Is a Congregationalist. Master of Gihon Val- ley Grange; Councilor, Junior Order of United American Mechanics; member of Waterman Lodge No. 83, F. & A. M., of Johnson; Tucker Chapter No. 15, R. A. M., of Morrisville; Bliss Lodge No. 44, I. O. O. F., of Hardwick; and Modern Woodmen of America. ALLEN, Heman Woods, Burlington. Retired merchant. Born Westford, April 3, 1844; son of John and Clarissa (Rice) Allen. Educated in the public schools, and a graduate of Eastman Business Col- lege, Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 1864; was an instructor in that institution several jmonths. In 1869 married Jennie D. Dods of Burlington; she died 1875; in 1881 married Juliette W. Keeler of Bur- lington; she died 1906; from this mar- riage was born one son, Edward Lyman. Was clerk for Edward Lyman 1864-8, when he became a member of the dry goods firm of Lyman & Allen 1868-90; after the death of Mr. Lyman in 1890 the business was conducted under the name of H. W. Allen & Co.; in 1910 he retired from the firm; has been director of the Merchants National Bank since 1890; vice president since 1906; and vice president of the Farmers and Mechanics Loan and Trust Company of Burlington. Was pri- vate Co. A, 13th Vermont Regiment 1862- 3 ; first lieutenant Vermont Militia 1 864- 8 ; inspector or rifle practice on the staff of Governor Woodbury with rank as colonel 1894-6. Is a Republican; rep- resented Chittenden County in Senate 1896-8; delegate to Republican National Convention, Chicago, 1904. An Episco- palian; member of the vestry of St. Paul's Church for SO years; junior warden 24 years; now senior warden. Is a member Stannard Post No. 2, G. A. R. ; Sons of American Revolution; Society of Colonial Wars ; Algonquin Club ; and Ethan Allen Club. ALLEN, John H., Hinesburg. Har- ness maker and merchant. Born Hines- burg, July 18, 1838; son of John and Rox- ana (Carpenter) Allen. Educated in the public schools of Hinesburg, People's Academy, Morrisville, and Potsdam Acad- emy, Potsdam, N. Y. In 1857 married Elizabeth Burns of Charlotte; they had seven children. Nelson Leroy (deceased), John C, Mary L. (Mrs. Henry Cassidy, Springfield, Mass.), Katherine (Mrs. A. L. Walker^ Burlington), Howard (de- ceased), Florence E., and Mabel (Mrs. Charles Clifford, Brandon). Employed in the stores of M. Hull, and Charles Phelps, Hinesburg, three years, and for C. F. Stainford, Burlington, one year; in I860 took up his father's business of har- ness making which he has continued to date, having been in the business 50 years. Enlisted in Co. G, 14th Vermont Regi- ment, Sept. 8, 1862; elected 1st lieuten- ant; participated in the battle of Gettys- burg; mustered out July 30, 1863. Cap- tain of Co. H, Vermont National Guard, 1872-3. A Republican; has held nearly all the town offices; represented Hines- burg in the Legislature 1880, elected in 1900, and re-elected in 1902 and 1904; assistant judge of Chittenden County. Member of the Baptist Church; superin- tendent of the Sunday school for 30 years. Junior warden of Patriot Lodge No. 33, F. & A. M., for several years; was first commander Cummings Post No. 37, G. A. R.; companion of Vermont Commandery of the Loyal Legion. ALLEN, John M., St. Johnsbury. Phy- sician and surgeon. Born St. Johnsbury, Feb. 4, 1868; son of David S. and Abi- gail (Alvord) Allen. Educated at St. Johnsbury Academy, graduated 1889; University of Vermont Medical College, graduated 1890; and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York, 1891. In 100 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ALLEN 1893 married Winnifred D. Hall of St. Johnsbury. Has practiced his profession in St. Johnsbury; for the past seven years has confined himself solely to surgery. Is a Republican. Secretary of U. S. board of pension examiners; colonel and sur- geon-in-chief on staff of Gov. John A. Mead. Is an attendant of the Congrega- tional Church. Member of Passumpsic Lodge No. 27, F. & A. M.; Haswell Chapter No. 11, R. A. M.; Caledonia Council No. 13, R. & S. M.; Palestine Commandery No. 5, K. T., and Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine. ALLEN, Lyman, Burlington. Physi- cian and surgeon. Born Burlington, May 21, 1872; son of Charles Edwin and Ellen Cornelia (Lyman) Allen. Educated at University of Vermont, and University of Vermont College of Medicine; degree of A. B. 1893, and M. D. 1896. In 1898 married Mary Cutler Torrey of Beverly, Mass.; they hiive two children, Torrey and Elizabeth. Was in Boston City Hos- pital as surgical interne 1895-7; attending surgeon to Fanny Allen Hospital; visiting physician to the Home for Destitute Chil- dren, and the Providence Orphan Asylum; adjunct professor of surgery in the Uni- versity of Vermont College of Medicine. Is a Republican. A member of the Protestant Episcopal Church; vestryman of St. Paul's Church ; member of the board of trustees of Vermont Episcopal Insti- tute, Rock Point. Member of American Medical Association; Vermont State Med- ical Society, Burlington and Chittenden County Clinical Society, of which he is a former president; University Research Club, former president; president of Uni- versity of Vermont Athletic Association; vice president of Alpha Chapter of Ver- mont, Phi Beta Kappa; member of Sigma Phi Fraternity; Ethan Allen Club; and Waubanaukee Golf Club. ALLEN, Lyman Richards, Johnson. Educator. Born East Bridgewater, Mass., Feb. 26, 1873; son of James Sidney and Alice (Richards) Allen. Educated in the public schools East Bridgewater, including high school (four years' Latin course) 1889; Bridgewater State Normal School, 1894; Lawrence Scientific School (Har- vard University), course in science for teachers, with degree S. B. 1898; and Harvard University summer sessions. In 1902 married Catherine Wiley Parker of North Adams, Mass.; they have two chil- dren, Alice Parker and Charles Warren. Employed in various departments of his father's shoe factory, Brockton, Mass., 1889-90; instructor in sciences in high school and director of nature study in the grades Plainfield, N. J., 1894-6; assistant in Cuban summer school. Harvard, 1900; instructor State Normal School, North Ad- ams, Mass., 1898-1908; instructor Rhode Island Normal School 1908-1909; princi- pal Johnson State Normal since 1909; in- structor in Vermont summer schools at Burlington, Morrisville, St. Johnsbury, Barton, Windsor, Rutland, and Johnson during five seasons, and principal at sum- mer sessions of the Johnson Normal School 1910 and 1911. A Republican; library trustee of Johnson. Member of Congre- gational Church; at various times actively connected with the Young Men's Christian Association, Sunday school, and Christian Endeavor society. Member Greylock Lodge, F. & A. M., North Adams, Mass.; North Adams Country Club for a time; and various orchestras and bands. ANDERSON, George Pomeroy, Bos- ton, Mass. Editorial writer. Born St. Albans, Feb. 19, 1873; son of Stephen Brown and Mary Ann Frances (Pom- eroy) Anderson. Graduated at St. Albans High School in 1892, from the University of Vermont (A. B.) in 1896, and from the Y. M. C. A. Law School in Boston (LL. B.) in 1907. In 19OO married Per- sis Greely Dutcher of St. Albans; they have two daughters, Persis Greely and Frances Pomeroy. Was on local staff of St. Albans Messenger in 1896-97, and a law student in ofiice of Wilson & Hall; has been connected with Boston Daily Globe since 1898 in various capacities, and is now one of its editorial writers. Is a Republican; member of Boston com- mon council from ward 10 in 1907, and of Boston board of aldermen in 19O8 and 1909. Is a member of the Suffolk County Bar. Is a member of St. John's Lodge, F. & A. M., of Boston, and of St. Andrew's Chapter, R. A. M.; and belongs to the Boston City Club, the Boston Newspaper Club, the Vermont Historical Society, and the Vermont Association of Boston. ARNOLD] MEN OF VERMONT 101 ANDERSON, George R., Brattleboro. Physician and surgeon. Born Plattsburg, N. Y., Sept. 14, 1875; son of Moses R. and Emma (Riley) Anderson. Educated at Plattsburg High School, Rutland Eng- lish and Classical Institute, and Univer- sity of Vermont, A. B. 1898. Began prac- tice in 1898 as assistant surgeon 1st Regi- ment Vermont Volunteer Infantry ; interne Mary Fletcher Hospital 1899; practiced in Pitts ford 1900; Brattleboro since 1901; major and chief surgeon Medical Depart- ment, State of Vermont; attending sur- geon Brattleboro Memorial Hospital ; took post graduate courses at New York, Chi- cago, Rochester, Boston, and Philadel- phia. Enlisted May, 1898, 1st Regiment Vermont Volunteer Infantry; served as hospital steward and assistant surgeon; discharged November, 1898. A Republi- can. Member of Masonic fraternity; member of Congress of Surgeons of North America; American Medical Association; Vermont State Medical Society; Connect- icut River Medical Society; Windham County Medical Society; Brattleboro Phy- sicians' Club; Vermont Wheel Club; Mili- tary Order of Foreign Wars; Association of Military Surgeons; medical examiner New York Life, Provident Life and Trust, Aetna Life, Metropolitan Life, and Equi- table Life Insurance Companies. ANGELL, William Henry, Spring- field. Merchant. Born Barnard, Jan. 9, 1854; son of Allen A. and Manvina (Frink) Angell. Educated in the public schools of Windsor. In 1880 married Sarah Jane Booth of Windsor; they have four children, Clarence E., Nellie E., Pearl M., and Eva V. Employed on farm and in cotton mills in Windsor for five years; then in a grocery store; engaged in fur- niture and undertaking business in Wind- sor. In 1893 came to Springfield as man- ager of Springfield Wall Paper and Shade Co.; also as imdertaker and funeral direc- tor. Mr. Angell is a Republican; is a member of the Red Men and New Eng- land Order of Protection. ANNIS, Orien S., North Troy. Law- yer. Born near North Troy, Nov. 15, 1866; son of Laurens Koster and Ella Me- lissa (Hull) Annis. Educated at Westfield Academy, Johnson State Normal School, and by private tutors. In 1890 married Ida E. Campbell of Georgia; they have three children, Ruth E., Paul C, and Grace. Studied law with the late Hon. H. C. Wilson, North Troy; admitted to the Vermont JBar 1890, at the head in a class of 13; since practiced law at North Troy; states attorney for Orleans County 1895-99. A Republican. Superintendent of public schools in Westfield several years; member of the Orleans County board of education from Westfield; post- master Westfield, Feb., 1887, to June, 1888; probation ofiicer for Orleans Coun- ty; chairman of the board of village trus- tees of North Troy; senator from Orleans County 1902-1904; chairman of the judi- ciary committee; is member of second con- gressional district Republican committee; served under appointment of Governor Prouty as one of the committee of three to arrange for the preparation and pub- lication of a digest of all the decisions of the supreme court of State of Vermont; chairman of Orleans County Repubhcan committee for past 10 years. In religious preference a Congregationalist. Member of Masonic Union Lodge No. 16, F. & A. M., of Troy. ARCHIBALD, Frank C, Manchester Center. Lawyer. Born Exeter, N. H., Dec. 31, 1857; son of Thomas H. and Susan W. (Tuck) Archibald. Educated at Mid- dlebury High School, class of 1876, and Vermont Academy. Admitted to Vermont Bar in 1886; located at Manchester Cen- ter 1888; associated in law practice with Joseph G. Martin previous to 1897; since that date in practice alone. Is a Repub- lican ; states attorney of Bennington Coun- ty 1892-4; represented Manchester in the Legislature 1904 and 1906; senator from Bennington County I9IO. In reHgious preference a Baptist. Member of Adoni- ram Lodge No. 42, F. & A. M., of Man- chester Center. ARNOLD, Francis J., Burlington. Physician. Born Burlington, Oct. 10, 1872; son of Joseph and Mary S. (Cum- mings) Arnold. Educated at St. Joseph's College, and University of Vermont Col- lege of Medicine, class of I90I. House surgeon Mary Fletcher Hospital I90I to 1903; postgraduate work in diseases of the eye, ear, nose, and throat in Philadel- phia hospitals 1903 to 1904; began prac- tice in Burlington in 1904; a specialist in diseases of the eye, ear, nose, and throat; 102 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ARNOLD ophthalmologist, otologist, and laryngolo- gist to the Fanny Allen Hospital and Providence Orphan Asylum and Hospital; examiner in diseases of the eye, ear, nose, and throat for the United States bureau of pensions. Is Independent in politics. Member of the Catholic Church. Member of the American Medical Association; New England Otological and Laryngological Society; Vermont State Medical Society; Burlington and Chittenden County Clini- cal Society; National Geographic Society; Knights of Columbus; Ethan Allen Club; American Automobile Association; Auto- mobile Club of Vermont; and Green Moun- tain Club. ARNOLD, Seth Fenelon, Boston, Mass. Physician and surgeon. Born Westminster, Dec. 21, 1878; son of Fene- lon and Emily Augusta (Marsh) Arnold. Educated in the public schools of West- minster, and Walpole, N. H. Was grad- uated from Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., 1896; Vermont Acad- emy, Saxtons River, 1899; in attendance at Rose Polytechnic Institute, Terre Haute, Ind., two and one-half years; re- ceived degree of M. D. from Tufts Col- lege Medical School, 1908; special course in Harvard Medical School, 1906. Teacher in Westminster, 1901-2; with New Eng- land Telephone and Telegraph Co., 1903- 4; engaged in practice of medicine since 1908. Is a Republican; member of Bos- ton City Committee and secretary of Ward 12 committee 1906-7; member of Boston City Council, representing Ward 12, 1908-9; represented Twelfth Suffolk District, Massachusetts Legislature, 1910; clerk of committee on public health, member National Lancers and Troop A, 1st Squadron Cavalry, M. V. M.; Sons of American Revolution; Mercantile Li- brary Association; Sigma Nu Fraternity; Boston Alumni Chapter Sigma Nu, presi- dent past five years and at present time; Massachusetts Republican Club; Vermont Association of Boston; Lincoln Club of Boston; Kimball Union Academy Club of Boston; Vermont Academy Club of Bos- ton, member of advisory committee of Vermont Academy; office and residence, 94 Worcester St., Boston, Mass. ASELTINE, A?Ro M., Burlington. Life insurance. Born Morgan, March 7, 1869; son of Alanson j\I. and Esther D. (Tra- ver) Aseltine. Educated in the public schools. In 1892 married Anna B. Beatty of Enosburg Falls; thej have two chil- dren, Kenneth M. and Esther D. Previ- ous to 1894 employed as clerk in a store, and as commercial traveler; engaged in general insurance and real estate, Enos- burg Falls, 1894-1909, when he sold the business to his brother, Albert A. Asel- tine, removed to Burlington, and took the general agency for the state of Vermont for the Equitable Life Assurance Society of New York. Is a Republican; was vil- lage trustee and chairman of Republican town committee in Enosburg. Member of Methodist Episcopal Church; steward of the church, and president of Men's So- cial Union. Past grand of the Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows. ASHLEY, Alton B., Milton. Postmas- ter. Born Milton, April 12, 1874; son of Azro B. and Jane (Warner) Ashley. Educated at Milton graded school. In 1896 married Lillian E. Perry of Milton; they have three children living, Mildred J., Laura May, and Kenneth Clement. Entered the employ of the Franklin Coun- ty Creamery at St. Albans, April, 1892, remaining with them 12 years; manager of the hardware business of W. H. Hale & Co., 1896-1900; in the hardware busi- ness for himself from 1900 to Jan. 1, 1909; appointed postmaster by Theodore Roosevelt, March 11, 1908. A Republi- can; school trustee six years; lister three years; village clerk since May, 1905; served on the Chittenden County Repub- lican committee 1906 and 1907. An at- tendant of the Congregational Church. Member of Amitie Camp No. 8038, Mod- ern Woodmen of America, served as clerk eight years; member of Seneca Lodge No. 40, F. & A. M., elected secretary 1911. ATHERTON, Luther Henry, Mont- pelier. Purchasing agent National Life Insurance Co. Born Duxbury, Feb. 13, 1870; son of Frank H. and LiUie C. (Taylor) Atherton. Educated at Water- bury High School, Minard's Commercial College, and Vermont Methodist Semi- nary. In 1893 married Mary L. Stickney of Montpelier. Was clerk in postoffice at Waterbury four and a half years; book- keeper in Vermont State Asylum, Water- bury, four years; engaged in boot and shoe business, Waterbury, two years; and AULD] MEN OF VERMONT 103 lias been in the employ of National Life Insurance Co. for 13 years. Is a Repub- lican ; is alderman city of Montpelier ; was president of Young Men's Republican Club in Waterbury, 1892. In religious preference a Methodist. Member of In- dependent Order of Odd Fellows, and New England Order of Protection. ATWOOD, Francis S., Woodstock. Hotel keeper and live stock dealer. Born Barnard, Feb. 4, 1863; son of Alvin O. and WaitsteU L. (Shurtleff) Atwood. Edu- cated in the public schools. In 1893 mar- ried Carrie A. Wilder of Woodstock. En- gaged in farming at Woodstock previous to 1905, when he purchased the Commer- cial House, Woodstock, which he has thor- oughly overhauled and made into an up- to-date hostelry. Is an extensive dealer in live stock, shipping to Boston markets. Is a Republican. A member of the Chris- tian Church. AUBERY, James Madison, Los An- geles, Cal. Business man. Born Burling- ton, Jan. 1, 1843; son of Albert and Al- mira (Blish) Aubery. Educated in public schools, select school, and Burlington Academy. In 1866 married Frances Cook of Milwaukee, Wis.; they have three chil- dren, James, who married Paulina C. Ful- ler, daughter of the late Chief Justice Melville W. Fuller; Fantine (Mrs. D. H. Miller), and Lelia Vanderbilt (Mrs. Frank Pettee). On leaving Burlington Academy was employed in the general merchandise stores of H. L. Moore and George L. Warner, Burlington; in Octo- ber, 1863, he went to Milwaukee, Wis., where in February, 1864, he enlisted in the 36th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry. Immediately after its organization, de- tailed as regimental clerk; promoted to sergeant-ma j or, quartermaster-sergeant ; commissioned lieutenant in Co. G; during part of his service was acting quartermas- ter and adjutant; was with the regiment during its whole service; took part in the battles of Cold Harbor, the Petersburg Campaign, and Appomattox Court House; was mustered out at the close of the war, after which he attended a commercial col- lege, graduated, and was employed as a teacher; afterwards, with Adjutant Ben- jamin D. Atwell, established a commercial college at Portage and Sparta, Wis. ; re- turning to Milwaukee in 1869, be was em- ployed by the People's and Merchants' Despatch, a fast freight line; was soon promoted to cashier; this being soon after merged into the Merchants' Despatch Transportation Co., he became agent for the company at Milwaukee; manager of the same at Chicago, 1877, holding the position until 1893, when he resigned to take the management of a packing house; returned to Milwaukee 1900; compiled and published a history of the 36th Wis- consin Volunteer Infantry, which gives in detail the awful story of a regiment whose percentage in killed and wounded accord- ing to enrollment was only exceeded by 14 regiments in the whole Federal army. In 1903 went to San Francisco, Cal.; was for some time in the mining regions writ- ing for eastern papers; settled at Los Angeles, October, 1 903 ; manager of a hotel five years ; since then in railway and automobile appliances. Now compiling a narrative of Fredericksburg and Gettys- burg with special reference to the 36th Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, of which Col. Frank Haskell, a former Vermonter, was commander. A Republi- can; in 1896 connected with the national Republican headquarters at Chicago; is ex-president of Press Council National Union, and in 1898 was senate deputy. A Unitarian. Was secretary of the li- brary association, Milwaukee; past grand Milwaukee Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F. ; past high priest Wisconsin Encampment No. 1 ; past grand Daughters of Rebekah ; past commander Patriarchs Militant; member of Grand Lodge and Grand Encampment of Wisconsin, I. O. O. F. ; member of Masonic fraternity. Chapter, Knights Templar, Consistory, and Mystic Shrine; George H. Thomas Post No. /i, G. A. R., Chicago, and represented that post as a delegate to Gen. Grant's funeral in 1883; vice-president two years of the Sons of Vermont in Chicago; member of Stanton Post No. 55, G. A. R., Los Angeles; hon- orary member Lincoln Memorial Univer- sity, Cumberland Gap, Tenn., and mem- ber of Sons of Vermont, Los Angeles, Cal. AULD, Joseph, Burlington. Editor and publisher. Born Prince Edward Island, Canada, May 28, 1848; son of Robert and Mary A. (Boughton) Auld. Educated in the public schools. In 1880 married Annie C. Howe of Lowell; they had three children, George P., paymaster 104 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [AUSTIN U. S. N., Marguerite^ at home, and Lillian, deceased. Was successively reporter, manager, and editor Rutland Daily Herald 1870-82; general manager and assistant editor Daily Free Press, Burlington, 1882- 92; manageT Eapid Printing Co., New York, 1892-4; founder, 1894, and since editor and publisher Daily News, Burling- ton, and director, secretary, and treasurer News Publishing Co. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Unitarian. Member of Algonquin Club, Ethan Allen Club, Na- tional Geographic Society, and Civic Fed- eration. AUSTIN, Warren Robinson, St.' Al- bans. Lawyer. Born Highgate, Nov. 12, 1877; son of Chauncey G. and Anne M. (Robinson) Austin. Educated at the pub- lic school; Brigham Academy, '95; Marie- ville, Que.; L'Assomption, Que.; Univer- sity of Vermont, Ph. B. '99. In 1901 married Mildred M. Lucas of St. Albans; they have two sons, Warren Robinson, Jr., and Edward Lucas. Admitted to Ver- mont Bar 1902; U. S. courts 1904; attor- ney Vermont State Medical Society 1910; Congress of Mint 1912; representative of Vermont at Reform of Legal Procedure convention at Chicago 1912. A Republi- can. States attorney Franklin County, 1904-6; grand juror, city of St. Albans, 1906-9; U. S. commissioner 1907 to date; chairman Republican state convention 1908; mayor of city of St. Albans 1909- A Congregationalist. Member Kappa Sigma Fraternity; past exalted ruler of Benevolent and Protective Order, of Elks. AVERILL, Charles Weston, Barre. Merchant. Born Barre, Feb. 6, 1859; son of A. B. and Elizabeth S. Averill. Educated in the public schools and God- dard Seminary. In 1883 married Rose J. Carpenter of Orange ; they have three chil- dren, Ivis M., Eula E., and Arthur L. ; was employed in farming; later as a builder until 1893, when he bought an in- terest in a hardware store, the firm name being Prindle & Averill until 1905, when he bought the Prindle interest and formed the present firm of C. W. Averill & Co., doing a general hardware and plumbing business. Is a Democrat. A member of the Congregational Church. A member of Granite Lodge No. 33, F. & A. M.; Gran- ite Chapter No. 26, R. A. M. ; St. Aldemar Commandery No. 11, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple of the Mystic Shrine. AVERILL, George C, Brattleboro. Banker. Born Thomaston, Conn., Oct. 28, 1857; son of Rev. James and Sylvira (Carpenter) Averill. Graduate of Green- field, Mass., High School 1873. In 1881, married Nellie E. Chubbuck of Boston, Mass.; they have two children, Margaret C. and Richard C. Clerk and bookkeeper First National Bank, Greenfield, Mass.; teller First National Bank, Northampton, Mass.; teller Vermont National Bank, Brattleboro, 1885; cashier 1886; president and director 1896 and since; is treasurer of Windham County and of Brattleboro School District No. 2; incorporator Ver- mont Savings Bank and Brattleboro Sav- ings Bank; treasurer and trustee Brat- tleboro Home for the Aged and Disabled, Brooks Library Building, and Austine In- stitution; trustee Brattleboro Retreat; di-: rector and liquidator Brattleboro Gas Light Co.; director Connecticut Valley Street Railway Co.; treasurer and liquid- ator Vermont Live Stock Co., and Fort Worth Improved Realty Co.; executor and administrator in numerous estates; all corporations liquidated have paid in full. Mr. Averill is a Republican; a Congre- gationalist; treasurer and chairman of trustees of the Congregational Society; a Mason, and an Odd Fellow. AVERILL, Wilson Albert, Roxbury. Farmer. Born Northfield, April 5, 1844; son of Albert J. and Elvira L. (Smith) Averill. Educated at Northfield public schools and Newbury Seminary. In 1871 married Ida May Wiley of Roxbury; she died in 1902; they had four children, Anna J., Henry W., Bertha W., and Laura M. ; in 1910 married Mrs. Olive C. W. Bond of Somerville, Mass. Located in Warren in 1872; removed to Roxbury 1904; has been justice of the peace, school director, superintendent of schools, and road commissioner. Is a Republican; has served as member town committee; rep- resented Warren in Legislature 1900. Is a Methodist, and has held local preacher's license for many years; chaplain Summit Grange of Roxbury. AYERS, Charles Erwin, Montpelier. Artist and photographer. Born Berlin, BAGLEY] MEN OF VERMONT 105 Oct. 9, 1875; son of Charles M. and Clara A. (Lewis) Ayers. Educated at North- field High School^ art department of Montpelier Seminary and German Art School of Tyrone^ Penn. In 1904 mar- ried Clara Emily Miles of Montpelier; they have two children, Charles Raymond and Clara Dorris. Since 1 898 conducted a photographic studio in Montpelier. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Meth- odist. BABCOCK, Fred J., St. Johnsbury. Merchant. Born St. Johnsbury, Nov. 6, 1879; son of Albert Woodbury and Ad- wina Minerva (Astle) Babcock. Edu- cated in the public schools, St. Johnsbury Academy, class of 1898, and Barbour Business College of St. Johnsbury. In 1905 married Edna Scott of St. Johns- bury; they have one son, Scott Adelbert. Was bookkeeper in Citizens Savings Bank and Trust Co. 1900-1 ; traveling auditor for Swift & Co, meat packers, Chicago, 1901-5; office manager of Derby Desk Co., Boston, 1905-10; since Jan., 191 Ij treasurer of the Amos W. Scott Co. Is a Republican. Member and trustee of the Universalist Church. In 1900 held office of principal sojourner in Haswell Chapter No. 11, R. A. M. ; member of Towanda Club, Woburn, Mass. ; member and ex-vice-commodore of Innitor Canoe Club, Woburn, Mass., and member of committee on industrial development in St. Johnsbury Commercial Club. BABCOCK, VoLNEY Chauncey, Stowe. Farmer. Born Bridgewater, May 14, 1833; son of Chauncey and Sally (Bar- rows) Babcock. Educated in the public schools. In 1855 married Harriet E. Barrows of Stowe; they had one daughter, Mary A.; March 20, 1902, married Car- rie M. Robinson of Stowe; May 12, 1910, married Abbie M. Minor of Woodbury. Followed farming until 21 years of age, when he was employed at wheelwright and cabinet work; 1880-96 postmaster in Bridgewater; also carried on mercantile and wheelwright business. Enlisted Co. E, 13th Vermont Regiment Volunteer In- fantry ; mustered into service Oct., 1 862 ; owing to illness did not leave the state; was in hospital at Brattleboro eight weeks; discharged by reason of disability. Is-, a Republican ; represented Bridgewater in the Legislature 1900. In religious preference a Methodist. Member of H. H. Smith Post No. 19, G. A. R. BACON, Oliver Durkee, Elmore. Farmer and carpenter. Born Washing- ton, Oct. 9, 1842; son of Vine Newbury and Jane Wilson (Allen) Bacon. Edu- cated in the public schools, and People's Academy, Morrisville. In 1886 married Phoebe Orilla Hibbard of Montpelier; they have two children, Ethan Allen and Mary Esther. Was engaged in carpen- try in different Vermont towns for sev- eral years; since 1873 has followed the occupation of farmer. Is a Republican; represented Elmore in the Legislature 1904; has served as lister, town grand juror, and selectman. An attendant of the Methodist Church. BACON, Robert C, Brattleboro. Law- yer. Born Washington, D. C, March 4, 1879; son of R. A. and Josephine (Col- burn) Bacon. Educated at Thayer Acad- emy, Dartmouth College, and Boston Uni- versity Law School. In 1900 married Georgianna E. Cook. Admitted to Ver- mont Bar 1899; engaged in law practice at Brattleboro since; states attorney 1906- 8. A Republican; member of Masonic fra- ternity, a Knight Templar, the Order of Elks, and Vermont Wheel Club. BADGER, Albert Henry, Sharon. Merchant. Born Sharon, Oct. 20, 1869; son of William and Marcia M. (Varnum) Badger. Educated in the public schools of Sharon, Royalton Academy, and the schools of Claremont, N. H. In 1894 mar- ried Lula Cilley of Lowell, Mass. ; they have one daughter, Grace Mildred. Em- ployed as clerk in a general store in Tun- bridge, and later in Sharon; in 1895 be- came member of the firm of Badger & Noyes, general merchants, Sharon; ap- pointed postmaster at Sharon, July 17, 1897, continuing to date. A Republican; member of Sharon board of education three years, the board of auditors, and town committee. A Congregationalist. Member of Sharon Lodge No. 105, F. & A. M.; treasurer since 1898. BAGLEY, Edwin E., White River Junction. Plumber. Born Hartland, Nov. 24, 1861; son of Edwin H. and Lucina Bagley. Educated in the public schools. In 1886 married Sarah E. Morgan of 106 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BAILEY West Windsor. Employed • by his father until 21 years of age; with Western Union Telegraph Co. for a year; for 12 years with the Boston & Maine Railroad Co., and for the past five years engaged in business in his own behalf. A Republican; member Universalist Church. A Mason for past 20 years. BAILEY, Alanson C, Randolph. Phy- sician and surgeon. Born Nov. 24, 1850; son of Clark and Susan Jane (Cooper) Bailey. Educated at Randolph J^ormal School and Montpelier Seminary; began the study of medicine at Rochester in 1874, under Doctors William Huntington and Albert Richmond; attended Medical College, University of Vermont, and grad- uated from New York University Medical College 1877. In 1877 married Alice M. Matthews of Rochester; they have three children, Grace Alice, Glenn Cooper, and Aletha Glee. Began practice in Roches- ter, where he remained eight months, re- moving to Randolph, where he has since practiced. U. S. examining surgeon for pensions 1891-3, and re-appointed by President McKinley; held the office until 1910, resigning to represent Randolph in the Legislature. Is a Republican; mem- ber of school board, Randolph incorpor- ated district, six years; health officer for town of Randolph, with the exception of three years, since 1887; represented Ran- dolph in the Legislature I9IO; member of the White River Medical Society, and its president one year; consulting surgeon to the Mary Fletcher Hospital, Burlington, six years, from 1893; vice-president of Vermont State Medical Society 1892; president of Washington County Medical Society 1908. A member of the Methodist Episcopal Church since 1867; superin- tendent of the Sunday school for 13 years from 1885; church chorister since 1884; trustee of the church since 1885. Member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; first noble grand of Randolpli Lodge No. 48, in 1892; re-elected to the office 1894; deputy grand master 1896; member of Phoenix Lodge No. 28, F. & A. M. BAILEY, Charles John, Groton. Station agent. Born South Ryegate, July 20, 1867; son of Charles R. and MyriUa (McLure) Bailey. Educated in the pub- lic schools at South Ryegate. In 1892 married Mary Eva Adams of Chelsea, Mass. At the age of 14 entered the store of George L. Hall, South Ryegate, as clerk, remaining there until the fall of 1884; in 1885 began railroad business at the railroad station at South Ryegate; in February, 1887, appointed operator at Warren, N. H., remaining until October, 1888; in 1889 station agent at South Bye- gate; February, 1893, transferred to Barre for the Montpelier & Wells River Railroad; and in January, 1895, trans- ferred to Groton, which position he still holds. Is a Democrat; town constable and tax collector 1897-8; town auditor 1900-7, and again in 191O; selectman 19O8; represented Groton in the Legisla- ture 1902. In religious belief a Presby- terian. Member of Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M.; Mt. Lebanon Chapter No. 13, R. A. M. ; Mt. Zion Commandery No. 9, K. T.; Vermont Consistory, 32 degrees; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; Temple Lodge No. 10, I. O. O. F.; Cale- donia Lodge No. 15, K. P., and a member of the Grand Lodge of Vermont; Groton Camp No. 8514, Modern Woodmen of America; Pythian Sisters; Rebekahs; and Order of the Eastern Star; also member of the Order of Railway Telegraphers. BAILEY, Guy Winfred, Essex Junc- tion. Lawyer and secretary of state. Born Hardwick, May 7, 1 876 ; son of John Win- throp and Laura (Cahill) Bailey. Edu- cated in Burlington High School, and Uni- versity of Vermont. In 1904 married Mabel G. Brigham of Essex Junction. Was clerk on commission to revise statutes, 1904-6; commissioner to edit Public Stat- utes, 1906-7. Is a Republican; was mem- ber of the General Assembly, 1904-6; sec- retary of state 19O8-IO; re-elected in 191O. Is past grand chancellor of Knights of Pythias; member of Ethan Allen Lodge No. 72, F. & A. M.; Burlington Council, R. & S. M.; Bethany Chapter, O. E. S.; Burlington Chapter No. 3, R. A. M. ; Bur- lington Commandery No. 2, K. T. ; Cairo Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine; Green Mountain Lodge No. 1, I. O. O. F. ; the Ethan Allen Club. BAILEY, Horace Ward, Newbury. Retired merchant. Born Newbury, Jan. 16, 1852; son of William Uriah and Abi- gail H. (Eaton) Bailey. Educated at old Newbury Seminary. Began business life as clerk at the Fabyan House, White BALDWIN] MEN OF VERMONT 107 Mountains; taught village school several winters; was merchant and town clerk in Newbury ten years; lister six years; town superintendent of schools 20 years. Author of a history of old Newbury Seminary and of the Methodist Church at Newbury ; also author of a handbook on the discovery and early history of Lake Champlain for use in the public schools. Is a Republican; member of state committee for Orange County 10 years; senator from Orange County 1894-6; state fish and game com- missioner 1894-1900; town representative in the Legislature 1902-4'; state railroad commissioner 1902-3; member Champlain Tercentenary Commission 1906-10; U. S. marshal since 1 903 ; one of the vice presi- dents of the Vermont Historical Society; director in Citizens Savings Bank and Trust Co., St. Johnsbury; chairman of ex- ecutive committee of Tenney Memorial Li- brary, Newbury, since its foundation. A member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows since 1876. BAKER, Edward, Montpelier. Military storekeeper. Born Manchester, N. H., May 13, 1847; son of Jabez and Louisa (Gove) Baker. Educated in the public schools and Royalton Academy. In 1873 married Alma F. Evans of Orford, N. H., who died 1888 ; they had six children, Win- ifred E., Ellen A., Jessie (deceased), Ed- ward A. (deceased), Eunice A., and Ho- mer J.; in 1890 married .^lice C. Gould of Calais, who died 1910; they had one son, Charles E. (deceased). Learned the trade of wheelwright, working at it until 1887, when he took up booking, which he followed until 1 903 ; he then received the appointment of military storekeeper un- der General Gilmore, which he held until General Gilmore's death, when he re- ceived an appointment by Lee S. Tillot- son, adjutant and inspector general, as assistant adjutant general and military storekeeper. Enlisted March 29, 1864, in Co. G, 17th Regiment Vermont Volunteer Infantry; discharged July 14, 1865; was engaged in the first battle of the Wilder- ness, May 6, 1 864, and wounded four times before he left the field; was also in three skirmishes, and the final assault on Peters- burg, April 2, 1865. Is a Republican. By religious preference a Congregation- alist. Member of Brooks Post No. 13, G. A. R., and has filled all the offices of the post; secretary of Vermont Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F., since 1893; past chief patriarch Thomas Wildey Encampment No. 11, I. O. O. F., and has served as scribe since 1896; member of Ivy Re- bekah- Lodge No. 24, I. O. O. F. BAKER, Orville Clark, Brandon. Physician and surgeon. Born Peru, N. Y., Sept. 3, 1851; son of Henry and Maria Baker. Educated at Plattsburg, N. Y., high school, and University of the City of New York, graduating in medicine and surgery 1879- In 1878 married Frances M. Buck of Plattsburg, N. Y.; they have four children, Eva F., Arthur J., Horatio O., and Clarence M. In early life engaged in school teaching; practiced medicine in Hartford, N. Y., about 11 years, and 21 years in Brandon; during residence in Hartford, N. Y., was president of Wash- ington County Medical Society. Is a Re- publican; was supervisor of the town of Hartford, N. Y. ; member of board of edu- cation, Brandon; chairman of board four years ; at present superintendent of schools, Brandon. Member of Methodist Church; church treasurer, steward, and trustee; member and one of the committee of Addison County Y. M. C. A. Past master of St. Paul's Lodge No. 25, F. & A. M. ; past district deputy grand master of 4th masonic district; past district dep- uty grand high priest, R. A. M.; past grand master of the Grand Council, R. & S. M., of Vermont; member of Mt. Cal- vary Commandery No. 1, K. T. ; and Cai- ro Temple, Mystic Shrine. BALDWIN, Hammon T., Wells River. Judge of probate. Born Wells River, Dec. 13, 1863; son of Erastus and Ellen (Abbott) Baldwin. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Hinman's Business Col- lege, Worcester, Mass. In 1886 married Katie M. Cobb of Hardwick; they have one daughter, Bernice Ellen. Was for many years proprietor of the Baldwin Valley Farm; at the same time a shipper of live stock of all kinds; has been con- nected with lumber interests nearly all his business life; now a member of the firm of Stevens & Baldwin. A Republican; member of the state committee six years; represented Newbury in the Legislature 1900; senator from Orange County 1904; deputy sheriff 20 years; sheriff of Orange County 1908-9; became judge of probate Dec. 1, 1910 ; appointed commissioner at 108 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BALLARD large of the State Fair Committee under Governor Proctor, and has held the posi- tion since, having been reappointed by Governor Mead. A Congregationalist. Past master Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M., of Wells River; member of Pales- tine Commandery No. 5, K. T., of St. Johnsbury; and Mt. Sinai Temple, Mys- tic Shrine, of Montpelier. BALLARD, Smith Sabin, Montpelier. Insurance. Born Georgia, April S, 1861; son of Henry and Juda Harrington (Brooks) Ballard. Educated at St. Al- bans High School. In 1886 married Alice Burton Griswold of Jeff ersonville ; they have two children, Edward Griswold and Richard Henry. In 1880 entered the employ of Central Vermont Railroad at St. Albans; in 1884 was transferred to Montpelier as assistant station agent; in 1889 was appointed agent at Barre for the Montpelier and Wells River Railroad, being the first agent to be employed by the new road; retired to take up the in- surance business; opened an office in Barre; was general agent for National Life Insurance Co. of Montpelier, as well as several fire insurance companies; in 1898 sold out the fire insurance business, and opened an agency in Montpelier for the National Life Co.; since 1889 has con- ducted also a general steamship ticket business. Is a Republican; elected mayor of Montpelier 1911. An Episcopalian. Past potentate of Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. ; member of Granite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M. ; Granite Chapter No. 26, R. A. M., both of Barre; Montpelier Council No. 4, R. & S. M.; St. Aldemar Commandery No. 11, Knights Templar; deputy master of Gamaliel Washburn Lodge of Perfection, 14 degrees; sovereign prince of Mt. Calvary Council, Princes of Jerusalem, l6 degrees; member Delta Chapter of Rose Croix, 18 degrees; Ver- mont Consistory, Scottish Rite, 32 de- grees; Vincitia Lodge, Knights of Pythias; Soudah Temple, Dramatic Order of Knights of Khorassan, Barre; Montpelier Lodge No. 924 B. P. O. E.; Vermont Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F., Montpelier; treasurer and secretary of the Automobile Club of Vermont^ (Andrews) Ballon. Educated at Vermont Academy, Amherst College, and Hartford Theological Seminary. In 1891 married Carrie May Hubbard of Saxtons River; they have three sons, Earle Hoit (Yale 1912), Paul Holton, and Donald Henry. Before entering Vermont Academy worked on a cattle ranch in Wyoming 1882; prin- cipal Pleasant Hill Academy at Pleasant Hill, Tenn., 1890-2; superintendent of Chester schools seven years; trustee of Whiting Free Library. A Republican; represented Chester in the Legislature I9O8. A Congregationalist. Ordained Sept. 17, I895, at Chester, and pastor of the church there since then; delegate to the National Council of Congregational Churches at Portland, Ore., 1898, also council at Boston, Mass., 1910; corporate member of American Board of Commis- sioners for Foreign Missions. Member of Vermont Historical Society; Sons of the American Revolution; Delta Upsilon fra- ternity; grand master of the Grand Lodge of Vermont, F. & A. M. ; assistant grand prior of the Supreme Council of the thirty-third and last degree. Northern Ma- sonic Jurisdiction. BANCROFT, Charlks Azro, Newport. Special deputy collector of customs. Born Montpelier, Dec. 29, 1848; son of Azro N. and Harriet B. (Wheeler) Bancroft. Educated in the public schools and North- field Academy. Was clerk in Dr. George Nichols's drug store at Northfield, I86I- 2; with Orcutt & Page, grocers, 1862- 1872; bookkeeper Union Slate Co. 1872- 4; messenger U. S. & Canada Express Co., 1875-85; appointed deputy collector and inspector of customs under Collector Smalley; in service at the ports of Bur- lington, Richford and Island Pond ; on the formation of the collection district of Memphremagog in 1897 was appointed auditor by Collector Mansur and trans- ferred to Newport; in 1899 designated special deputy collector for that district; local secretary Board U. S. Civil Service Examiners. Is a Democrat. Member of Northfield Lodge No. 19 I Q O F • Vermont Society Sons of the American Revolution; and Young Men's Independ- ent Club of Newport. BALLOU, Henry Lincoln, Chester. BARBER, Frank Elliot, Brattleboro Clergyman. Born Wallingford, Sept. 22, Lawyer. Born Wardsboro, April 28, 1878- 1865; son of William Sabin and Esther son of Daniel Miller and Lydia (Bar- fmL... /S^/.c^r- BARCLAY] MEN OF VERMONT 109 nard) Barber. Educated in the Brattle- boro public schools. In 1911 married El- sie Gladys Haskell of Brattleboro. Stud- ied law at home and in the oifice of his brother^ Herbert G. Barber; admitted to Vermont Bar 1903; has since practiced in Brattleboro; junior member of firm of H. G. & F. E. Barber since 1905. States attorney Windham County 1911-12. A Universalist ; clerk of Brattleboro Univer- salist Church six years; superintendent of the Sunday school four years. Member of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M. ; Connecticut Valley Council No. 16, R. & S. M. ; Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T. ; Wantastiquet Lodge No. 5, I. O. O. F.; Oasis Encampment No. 5, I. O. O. F. ; and Canton Palestine, Patriarchs Militant; Protective Grange; Brattleboro Board of Trade; and Vermont Wheel Club. BARBER, Orion Metcalf, Benning- ton. Judge United States court customs appeals. Born Jamaica, July 13, 1857; son of Emmons Daniel and Lucia A. (Pierce) Barber. Educated at Bernard- ston (Mass.) Academy, Leland and Gray Seminary, Townshend; Perkins Institute, Woodstock; and Albany (N. Y.) Law School. In 1898 married Alice Mabel Norton of Bennington; they have three children, Lucia Pierce and Mab Norton, born Aug. 24, 1899; and Norton Barber, July 10, 1903. Practiced law at Arling- ton and Bennington 1882 to 1910. A Re- publican; states attorney Bennington County 1886-7; represented Arlington in the Legislature 1 892 ; senator from Ben- nington County 1894; member of commit- tee to revise statutes 1 892-4 ; railroad com- missioner 1894-6; chairman of committee to publish statutes 1894-5; auditor of ac- counts 1898-1902; delegate to Republican national convention 1 896 ; chairman of spe- cial tax commission 1 906-8; chairman of special committee to prepare and publish Digest Vermont Reports 1909; appointed judge U. S. court customs appeals 1910. Member of Masonic fraternity, Command- ery and Mystic Shrine ; Order of Elks, and Bennington Social Club. BARCLAY, R. Douglas M., Barre. Granite producer. Born Aberdeen, Scot- land, Dec. 29, 1880; son of William and Mary (Munro) Barclay. Educated in pub- lic schools and Norwich University, cla'Ss of 1901. In 1910 married Icy Ella Man- chester of Randolph; they have one daughter, Catherine Marion. Is member of the granite producing iirm of Barclay Bros. Is independent in politics. In re- ligious belief a Congregationalist. Mem- ber of Granite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M. ; Granite Chapter No; 26, R. A. M. ; Mont- pelier Council No. 4, R. & S. M.; Mont- pelier Lodge, B. P. O. E.; Vincitia Club; Barre Board of Trade; Lake Mansfield Trout Club; Green Mountain Club; field captain Montpelier Gun Club; president of Barre Gun Club; and vice-president of Granite Quarry Owners' Association. BARCLAY, William, late of Barre. Granite producer. Born Aberdeenshire, Scotland, Dec. 7, 1850; died Barre, Nov. 22, 1907; son of Peter and Mary (Mc- Donald) Barclay. Educated in the coun- try parish schools of his native place. In 1876 married Mary Munro of Aberdeen- shire, Scotland; they had eight children, John C, William, R. Douglas M., Mary M., Annie L., Flora E. B., Margaret C. T., and Grace D. Mr. Barclay first came to America in 1874, making several trips across to Scotland before locating perma- nently in Barre in 1886; started in the granite business in 1887, first in firm of Littlejohn & Barclay, and in 1890 that of Barclay Bros., which firm name has been continued since; was partner in Barre, Standard, and Sunnyside Granite compa- nies; designed the famous Burns monu- ment at Barre, which was executed by his firm. Was independent in politics ; elected mayor of Barre for three terms, 1904-7, on citizens ticket. Member of the Congre- gational Church. Was first chieftain Clan Gordon No. 12, Order of Scottish Clans; member of Granite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M. ; Granite Chapter No. 26, R. A. M. ; St. Aldemar Commandery No. 11, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. ; the Glenugie Club; Quarry Owners' Associa- tion; had served as president of the Burns Club, and of the Granite Manufacturers' Association. BARCLAY, Wm., Jr., Barre. Gran- ite producer. Born Aberdeen, Scotland, April 29, 1 877 ; son of William and Mary (Munro) Barclay. Educated in the pub- lic schools, and Goddard Seminary. In 1900 married Jessie Anne Mercer of Barre; they have four children, Wil- 110 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BARNES liam Reid, Gordon Mercer^ Dorothy Alice, and Helen Douglas. Is mem- ber of the granite producing firm of Barclay Bros. Is independent in poli- tics. In religious belief a Congregation- alist. Member of Clan Gordon N.o. 12, Order of Scottish Clans; the Burns Club; the Barre Board of Trade; has served as ' secretary of Granite Quarry Owners' As- sociation, and vice-president of Granite Manufacturers' Association; member of National Association of Granite Indus- tries. BARNES, Albert Crane, Chicago, 111. Jurist. Born Addison, June 28, 1853; son of Asahel and Ellen (Crane) Barnes; was graduated at University of Vermont, A. B. 1876; Albany Law School, LL. B. 1877. In 1895 married Jessie Welles Griswold, daughter of Joseph W. Gris- wold of Chicago. Admitted to New York Bar 1877; examiner of contested land claims in General Land OiBce, Washing- ton, D. C, 1879-83; practiced law in Dakota Territory 1883-5; in Chicago, 111., 1885-1904. A Republican; district attor- ney Bottineau County, Dak. Ty., 1884; assistant states attorney Cook County, 111., 1896-1904; elected judge of superior court Cook County, 111., in 1904; served six years and was elected 1911 for another term of six years. A 32d degree Mason; member of Mystic Shrine, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Union League Club, Hamilton Club, Homewood Country Club, Sons of American Revolution, Sons of New England and of the Chicago, the Illinois and the American Bar Associa- tions. Residence, 1223 East Fiftieth Street. BARNES, Millard Fillmore, Chim- ney Point, Town of Addison. Farmer and hotel keeper. Born Chimney Point, Aug. 21, 1856; son of Asahel and Ellen S. (Crane) Barnes. Educated at Beeman Academy, New Haven. Is unmarried. A druggist five years; studied vocal culture in Boston three years; engaged in insur- ance in New York City three years ; farm- er for twenty-five years. A Republican; trial justice for twenty-four years; as- sistant judge of Addison County court 1896-8; represented Addison in the Leg- islature 1896; senator from Addison County 1898; member of Republican state committee. An attendant of the Episco- pal Church. Member of Masonic frater- nity and the Grange. BARNES, Stephen Goodyear, St. Johnsbury. Educator and clergyman. Born Perth Amboy, N. J., April 2, 1853; son of Joshua Edward and Elizabeth (Wood- bridge) Barnes. Educated at Lafayette College, A. B. 1873; Ph. D. for studies in English philology 1878; Litt. D. for stud- ies in literature 1891, both of these courses being pursued under direction of Prof. F. A. March; studied theology at Andover Seminary 1878-9j and at Hartford Sem- inary 1891-2, graduating from the latter -seminary; honorary degree D. D. from Iowa College 1896. In 1881 married Hannah W. Magoun of GrinneU, la., daughter of President George F. Magoun of Iowa College. Professor of English lit- erature Iowa College 1873-91; ordained Congregational minister 1881; pastor in Longmeadow, Mass., 1891-1900; college pastor and dean of the theological depart- ment of Fisk University, Nashville, Tenn., 1900-2; instructor in Christian ethics, Hartford Seminary, 1892; lecturer on the- ology in the same seminary 1902; has given courses of lectures on biblical themes in conferences held at Knowlton, Dundee, and Montreal, P. Q., and at Fairfax and Barton; pastor of the South Congrega- tional Church in St. Johnsbury since 1902. Author of "Voices of Faith and Love" (poems) 1908; also of essays and ad- dresses on literary and religious subjects in various periodicals. Editor, of French- American Citizen 1894-5; vice-president French-American College, Springfield, Mass., 1897-1901; trustee of St. Johns- bury Academy since 1908. Member of Phi Beta Kappa fraternity. BARRETT, John. Director-General Pan-American Union, Washington, D. C, born Grafton, Nov. 28, 1866; son of Charles and Caroline (Sanford) B. Bar- rett. Is unmarried. Graduated from Wor- cester (Mass.) Academy 1884; Dart- mouth College (A. B.) 1889, A. M. 1899; LL. D., Tulane University, 1910. Taught in Hopkins Academy, Oakland, Cal. ; as- sistant editor Statistician, San Francisco; on editorial staff newspapers, San Fran- cisco, Tacoma, Seattle; associate editor Telegram, Portland, Ore., 1891-4; Ameri- can minister to Siam 1894-8, settling by arbitration claims involving $3,000,000; BARRON] MEN OF VERMONT 111 undertook special diplomatic and commer- cial investigations Japan^ Siam, Korea, Siberia, and India; war correspondent in Philippines 1898-9; American plenipoten- tiary to International Conference Ameri- can Republics, Mexico, 1901-2; commis- sioner general of foreign affairs for St. Louis Exposition 1902-3; American min- ister to Argentina 1903-4; to Panama 1904-5; to Colombia 1903-6; director-gen- eral Bureau of American Republics, now the Pan-American Union, since Dec. 19, 1906. Elected honorary member Ameri- can Asiatic Association for service in de- veloping American commercial interests in Asia. Has contributed articles for maga- zines and reviews on Asiatic and Latin- American subjects. Given special diploma by National University of Bogota, Co- lombia, for services in international di- plomacy; decorated with Order of Boli- var, Venezuela, 1910, in recognition of services in behalf of South American countries. Author of "Admiral Dewey," 1 899 ; "Pan-American Union — Peace, Friendship, Commerce," I9II; is prepar- ing other books on Asia and South Amer- ica. Member of University, Lotus (New York), University (Chicago), University (San Francisco), Metropolitan, Chevy Chase, University (Washington) Clubs. Address: Pan-American Union, Washing- ton, D. C. BARRETT, John J., St. Albans. Hotel proprietor. Born Rutland, May 6, 1877; son of John and Bridget Barrett. Educated in the public and Catholic Schools. In 1903 married Maud Anna Lester of Brandon; they had two children, Irene Mary and Richard Charles, both de- ceased. Left school at the age of 15 and learned the marble cutting trade, which he followed for several years; was later en- gaged as clerk at Hotel Burlington, Bur- lington; City Hotel, Barre; Addison House, Middlebury; Windham Hotel, Bel- lows Falls; and American House, St. Al- bans; is now proprietor of Park View House, St. Albans. Is a Democrat. Mem- ber of the Roman Catholic Church ; Mem- ber of Burlington Lodge No. 916, B. P. O. E., and Champlain Aerie No. 793, P'raternal Order of Eagles, Burlington. BARRETT, Patrick J., Poultney. Catholic clergyman. Born Saratoga, N. Y.J Dec. 25, 1857; son of Patrick and Catherine (O'SuUivan) Barrett. Received his early education in the public and paro- chial schools of Saratoga; later prepared for the priesthood at Manhattan College, New York, and St. Charles College, El- licott City, Md. ; ordained priest at the Grand Seminary, Montreal, P. Q., Dec. 23, 1882. Was for 14 years engaged in paro- chial work in the towns of Brandon, Shore- ham, Orwell, Pittsford, Proctor, and Fair Haven; in 1896 appointed rector of the cathedral parish of the city of Burlington, succeeding the Very Rev. Thomas Lynch in that office; in I9II was transferred to the parish of Poultney, where he is now stationed. Father Barrett's devotion and fidelity have won for him the approval of his superiors, and the sincere affection of the people of the various parishes over which he has presided. BARRON, Andrew Jackson, Benning- ton. Catholic clergyman. Born Burling- ton, Sept. 7, 1857; son of Patrick and Julia (Slattery) Barron. Educated at Montreal College, and the Grand Semi- nary of Montreal, under the Sulpician fathers. In 1884 he was ordained by the Rt. Rev. Louis DeGoesbriand, in the ca- thedral of the Immaculate Conception, Burlington; his first charge was as rector of the Catholic church of Vergennes, with Charlotte for a mission, which he held for six wteeks; he was then transferred to Richmond, where he spent eight years in charge of the parish of Our Lady of the Rosary; in 1892 he succeeded Bishop Michaud in Bennington. BARRON, Edwin Wayland, Barton. Merchant. Born West Charleston, Sept. 5, 1854; son of Lorenzo Dow and Sarah (Turner) Barron. Educated at Charles- ton Academy. In 1881 married Ella L. Young of Newport; they have two chil- dren, Harley Roy and Ruth Mae. At the age of 21 began work in a general store at West Charleston; in 1880 engaged in general merchandise business for himself, which he carried on five years, when he sold out and removed to Barton; was in business the first 15 years under the firm name of Barron & Hamblet, since then the E. W. Barron Co. A Republican; was lister at Charleston first year the printed inventories came out; at Barton has been selectman two years; justice of the peace six years; village trustee two years; town 112 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BARROWS grand juror two years; trustee of Barton Academy and graded school four years; represented Barton in the Legislature 191O; is director in Barton Savings Bank and Trust Co. ; and president of the Wel- come O. Brown Cemetery Association. A Congregationalist. Member of Orleans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M., of Barton. BARROWS, Flktcher K., Brattleboro. Banker. Born Vineyard Haven, Mass., Jan. 24, 1852; son of Peleg and S. Lavinia (Fletcher) Barrows. Educated at Massa- chusetts Agricultural College, Amherst. In 1877 married Stella E. Marshall of Brat- tleboro. In 1873 succeeded to coal busi- ness of his father, among the earliest coal dealers in Brattleboro; afterwards for 25 years a dry goods merchant, retiring from business in 1902; has been trustee Brat- tleboro Savings Bank since 1894, vice- president I899-I907, president since 1907. For eight years was an officer of the Na- tional Guard of Vermont, first lieutenant Co. I, 1st Regiment, for four years. Is a Republican; a Universalist ; member of Columbian Lodge No. 36, F. & A. M.; a trustee of Brooks Free Library, Brattle- boro. BARROWS, Oilman Addison, Morris- town. Farmer and road builder. Born Morristown, Sept. 24, 1836; son of Malachi and Patience (Benson) Barrows. Educated in the public schools. In 1862 married Ellen McManimon of Waterville; she died 1895; they had three daughters, Luella (Mrs. Hart), Ella (Mrs. Parker), and Blanche Belle (Mrs. Reynolds) ; in 190.0 married Mrs. Elizabeth (Stone) Hadley of Morristown. Followed farm- ing previous to 1862, when he engaged in the meat business in Morrisville; in 1872 sold out and did trucking and ex- press work until 1890. In 1892 was elected highway commissioner, and has been reelected each term since; in 1906 was appointed county supervisor of high- ways, and has been reappointed each year since; has held various town offices. Is a Republican. A Universalist. Mem- ber of Lamoille Grange No. 233. BARSS, Joseph X., Vergennes. Su- perintendent of State Industrial School. Born Windsor, Xova Scotia, Dec. 4, 1872; son of Joseph T. and Harriet (Videto) Barss. Educated at Acadia College, Wolf- ville, N. S. In I906 married Jessie M. McNeil of Melvern Square, N. S. Was bookkeeper for George F. Washburn & Co., Boston, I9OO-I ; assistant, Worcester County, Mass., Training School, 1901-2; assistant superintendent, Kurn-Hattin Home, Westminster, 1902-3; superintend- ent of Stetson Home for Boys, Barre, Mass., 1903-7; since 1907 superintendent of Vermont State Industrial School, Ver- gennes. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Baptist. BARSTOW, John L. Governor 1882- 84. See page 45. BARTLETT, Clayton Witters, Ben- nington. Physician and surgeon. Born Georgia, Sept. 24, 1 865 ; son of Samuel H. and Juliette E. (Witters) Bartlett. Educated at Milton High School and medical department. University of Ver- mont. In I892 married Katherine A. Landon; they have no children. Began the practice of medicine at East Dorset 1888; in 19OO removed to Bennington, where he has since continued practice. U. S. examining surgeon 1893-7. Mem- ber Masonic fraternity; Knight Templar and 32d degree Mason; the Mystic Shrine; Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Knights of Pythias; Benevolent and Pro- tective Order of Elks, and Foresters of America. BATCHELDER, Arch, Plainfield. Merchant and manufacturer. Born Chi- cago, 111., April 30, 1855; son of James M. and Miranda M. (Lawrence) Batchelder. Educated in the public schools, Goddard Seminary, and Norwich University. In 1877 married Emma F. Best of North- field. In 1877 built a mill for the manu- facturing of feed and lumber which he has since owned and superintended. Is a Republican; represented Plainfield in the Legislature 1902; member of school board and auditor's board of Plainfield. Clerk of the Universalist Church for 20 years. Past master Wyoming Lodge No. 80, F. & A. M. ; member of King Solomon Chapter No. 7, R. A. M.; Montpelier Council No. 4, R. & S. M.; Mount Zion Commandery No. 9, K. T.; Mystic Shrine; Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Knights of Pythias; the Elks; and Red Men. '^ (^^>7^/C/^tyi^~- BATCHELDER] MEN OF VERMONT 113 BATCHELDER, Clark Asa, Fitch- burg, Mass. Lawyer. Born Peru, Feb. 23, 1848; son of Edmund and Sophia (Si- monds) Batchelder. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Peru, Westfield State Nor- mal School, Westfield, Mass.; Williston Seminary, East Hampton, Mass.; and Boston University, Boston, Mass. In 1874 married Catherine W. Hard of Manches- ter; they have three children, Mary C. (Mrs. Edward Fletcher, San Diego, Cal.), Louise S. (San Diego), and Eugene C. (San Diego). Commissioner of insolven- cy, Middlesex County, Mass.; member school board, Ayer, Mass.; member of school board, Fitchburg, Mass.; after that in Ayer. Commissioned for life as com- missioner to qualify civil officers; commis- sioned associate judge municipal court, Fitchburg, 1903, now held by the ap- pointee. Practice in United States and District Courts ; largely engaged in equity practice. A Republican; never held or been a candidate for, political office. Mem- ber RoUstone Congregational Church; past master St. Paul Lodge, F. & A. M., Ayer, Mass.; at present affiliated with Aurora Lodge of Fitchburg. BATCHELDER, James Kendrick, Ar- lington. Lawyer. Born Peru, Nov. 10, 1842; son of Ira K. and Nancy (Barnard) Batchelder. Preparatory education. Burr and Burton Seminary, and Middlebury College, A. B. 1864. In 1867 married Alta Parsons of Arlington; they have one child, Julia Pauline, wife of Dr. C. M. Campbell of Rochester. Studied law at Albany Law School and with Hon. J. M. Tyler, -Wilmington and Brattleboro; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1866; practiced at Arlington and Bennington since 1866. Is a Republican; states attorney Bennington County 1 874-84 ; represented Arlington in the Legislature 1874, 1876, 1884, s'peaker of the House 1884; presidential elector 1880. Member of Vermont Bar Associa- tion, president 1908-9; member of Ben- nington Club, and Arlington Young Men's Club. BATCHELDER, Wallace, Bethel. Lawyer. Born Andover, June 20, 1875; son of Edmund Abel and Lizzie Emma (Nutting) Batchelder. Educated in the public schools and Chester High School and Academy. In 1901 married Maude Leone Thompson of Cavendish; they had three children, John Thompson, Dorothy (deceased), both born in Brattleboro, and Gordon, born in Bethel. Studied law in the office of Waterman & Martin, Brat- tleboro, and in the office of Hunton & Stickney, Bethel; admitted to the Ver- mont Bar May 17, 1904; has since been engaged in the practice of law at Bethel; appointed Vermont member of national commission on uniform state laws 1911- Was trooper in Troop K, 1st U. S. Volun- teer Cavalry (Roosevelt's Rough Riders), in war with Spain in 1898 — the only man from Vermont in the Rough Riders; com- missioned 1st lieutenant by President Mc- Kinley, Aug. 17, 1899; served in Philip- pine Islands; took part in the fighting on the "south line" under General Schwan, serving in "the flying column"; 1st lieu- tenant Co. G, 46th U. S. Infantry ; captain Co. B, and afterward of Co. C, same regi- ment; fought in the battles of Binan, Le- meri, Silang, the skirmish at Calacca, the engagements at Indang, Taal, and all the other actions in which his battalion was engaged. His company led the charge at Taal, Jan. 19, 1900, he and his men being the first across the bridge in the face of rifle and artillery fire, capturing the bat- tery in action and making prisoners of the gunners. In the official report of this charge Major-General Elwell S. Otis, com- manding the army in the Philippines, said, "There may be as good soldiers in the United States Army, but there are none better." Was honorably discharged in San Francisco, Cal., May 31, 1901, when his regiment was mustered out of service. Member Christ Episcopal Church, Bethel; White River Lodge No. 90, F. & A. M., Bethel; Vermont Bar Association; Ver- mont Fish and Game League; Maryland Peace Society; American Peace Society; Windsor County Committee, Y. M. C. A. (incorporated), of which he was one of the founders and charter members; American Society for the Judicial Settlement of In- ternational Disputes; Roosevelt's Rough Riders' Association; American Bar Asso- ciation. BATCHELDER, William, White River Junction. Lawyer. Born West- minster, Sept. 14, 1844; son of Rev. Cal- vin Reddington and Frances (Abbott) Batchelder. Received early education with . private tutors, including his father; later graduated ' from Burr and Burton Semi- 114 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BATES nary at Manchester, and studied law with Hon. Augustus P. Hunton of Bethel. In 1876 married Julia Elizabeth Kennedy of Langdon, N. H.; they had three children, Charles, Agnes Frances (deceased), and Anna Maria. Admitted to the Vermont Bar 1 873, locating the same year in Wind- sor; practiced in partnership with Hon. J. B. Farnsworth, and later formed a partnership with Hon. James N. Edmin- ster. Moved to White Eiver Junction in 1893, and has practiced there since. Is one of the oldest and most widely known lawyers now in active practice in the Ver- mont courts. Has been engaged in many of the most important litigations ever car- ried on in Vermont, and has appeared in some famous trials in Massachusetts. Is a Republican; elected states attorney in 1886, holding that office two years. In religious belief an Episcopalian. BATES, George Lucian, Morrisville. Physician and surgeon. Born Morris- town, May 25, 1871 ; son of George N. and Marion E. (Wright) Bates. Educated in California Public Schools, People's Acad- emy, Morrisville, and a graduate of Uni- versity of Vermont College of Medicine, class of 1897. In 1902 married Maude M. Walsh of Philadelphia, Pa.; they have two daughters, Marian Catherine and P'rances Marie. Lived in southern Cali- fornia 1885-9. Has been engaged in the practice of medicine in Morrisville since 1 897 ; is* a member of the board of United States pension examining surgeons. Mem- ber of the Lamoille County and Vermont State Medical Societies, and of the Ameri- can Medical Association. Is a Repub- lican. A member of Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M. ; Tucker Chapter, R. A. M. ; Lamoille Commandery, K. T. ; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. of Mont- pelier; Knights of Pythias; and Phi Chi College Fraternity. BATES, Stoddard B., Derby. Farmer. Born Xewport, March 18, 1862; son of Alonzo D. and Katherine (Benham) Bates. Educated in the public schools and Derby Academy. In 1895 married Lillian Bates of Derby; they have two children, Lee B. and Barbara. Has followed farming since 1883, and was an extensive shipper of potatoes from 1892 to 1907. Is director of Derby Line Xational Bank; president executive committee of board of trustees of Derby Academy. Is a Republican; has held all the town and village offices; county road supervisor since 1906; repre- sented Derby in the Legislature 1910. In religious preference a Congregationalist. A member of Orleans Lodge No. 73, I. O. O. F. BATTELL, Joseph, Middlebury. Phi- lologist, author, editor, and publisher. Born Middlebury, July 15, 1839; son of Philip Battell, a native of Norfolk, Conn., who graduated at Middlebury College 1826, and Emma Hart (Seymour) Battell, daughter of the Hon. Horatio Seymour, U. S. senator from Vermont 1821-33. Edu- cated in the public schools and Middlebury College. Mr. Battell is unmarried. Fail- ing in health from overstndy during his third year in college, he traveled in Eu- rope for a time, and on returning in 1865, purchased the large tract of land in Rip- ton now known as Bread Loaf Mountain, making extensive additions to the inn there, which, with its ten adjoining cot- tages, now furnishes accommodations for 150 guests. In 1905 conveyed by deed of gift to United States government his beau- tiful farm in Weybridge, consisting of 500 acres of land with buildings thereon, to be used for the breeding of Morgan horses; in 1910 gave to the State of Vermont for purposes of a public park 500 acres of virgin forest, including Camel's Hump mountain, said to have been called by the French Lion Couchant (the crouching lion). Editor and publisher Middlebury Register since 1884; author and publisher of "Ellen, or The Whisperings of an Old Pine," an elaborate indictment of modern science, especially in regard to the undu- latory theories and the principles of evo- lution; "The New Physics," a treatise on light and sound, which places the theory of sound in harmony with Newton's cor- puscular theory of light; "American Stal- lion Register," and "The Morgan Horse and Register,'' covering a period of 25 years' research and a total expenditure of $150,000; "The Horse," in three volumes, the history of this noble animal in all times and countries; "Money and the Money Power"; compiler and publisher of "The Home Library," being selections in prose and poetry from the best literature in the world in all ages, including secular, relig- ious, historical, philosophical, and humor- BEARDSLEY] MEN OF VERMONT 115 ous. A Republican; has been a member of the Vermont Legislature eight times — seven in the House, and once in- the Sen- ate, serving on many of the most import- ant committees in both branches of the Legislature. Is a Congregationalist. BAYLIES, Frederick Wheaton, Bur- lington. Physician and surgeon. Born Taunton, Mass., Oct. 15, 1871; son of Charles and Cornelia (Smith) Baylies. Educated in the public schools of Taun- ton, Mass.; Bristol Academy, Taunton, Mass.; and University of Vermont medi- cal department. In 1891 married Leonora W. Estes of New Bedford, Mass.; they have four children living, Miriam, Cecil LeBaron, Eunice, and Cornelia Josephine. After graduation was instructor and ad- junct professor of chemistry in the Uni- versity of Vermont medical . department for two years; has since been in active practice; has taken special work in large laboratories in New York and Boston in pathology of the blood, the making of autogenous vaccines, and clinical diagnosis. Member of the Burlington and Chittenden County Clinical Society; Vermont State Medical Society; and American Medical Society. Is a Republican. Member of the Unitarian Church. Member of Old Colony Historical Society of Taunton, Mass.; the Independent Order of For- esters; Washington Lodge No. S, F. & A. M.; Hamilton Lodge No. 14, I. O. O. F. ; Green Mountain Encampment No. 3, I. O. O. F.; has passed the chairs in both lodge and encampment, and is a member of both state grand bodies. BEACH, Harvey F., Ferrisburg. Farmer and hotel keeper. Born Ferris- burg, Aug. 9, 1850; son of Allen Penfield and Caroline (Bently) Beach. Educated at Newbury and Montpelier Seminaries. In 1871 married Phebe N. Torrey of Pan- ton, who died 1891; they had three chil- dren, Charles E., Caroline E., and Allen Penfield; in 189S married Lucy J. Spen- cer of Bristol. Has always followed farming; in 1909 came into possession of the farm and summer hotel known as "The Lodge" at Basin Harbor, formerly owned by his sister, Ardelia B. Strong. A Re- publican; school director 12 years; jus- tice of the peace; and town grand juror. Member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for 45 years; steward, trustee, and Sunday school superintendent. Mem- ber of the Grange. BEAN, Roy A., Orleans. Banker. Born Glover, Aug. 29, 1879; son of Amos P. and EUen (Day) Bean. Educated at Barton Academy, graduated 1899. In 1903 married Grace W. Richmond of New- port; they have one daughter, Eleanor R., and one son, Hayden Curtis. Teller Bar- ton National Bank 1899-1904; bookkeeper First National Bank, Bennington, 1905; has been treasurer of the Central Savings Bank at Orleans since its organization in 1905. A Republican; treasurer of village of Orleans since 1906; treasurer of incor- porated school district since 1907. Mem- ber of the Congregational Church. Mem- ber of Valley Lodge No. 106, F. & A. M.; and Keystone Chapter No. 16, R. A. M., of Barton. BEANE, John H., Lincoln. Whole- sale produce dealer. Born South Burling- ton, May 15, 1859; son of Joseph and Margaret (O'Conners) Beane. Educated in the public schools, and Comer's Com- mercial College, Boston, Mass. In 1881 married Lois L. Purinton of Lincoln. En- gaged in farming and lumbering 1881-4; in 1884 started the purchasing at whole- sale of farm produce, which business he has since continued; was one of the pro- moters of the Lincoln Lumber Co. in 1889; director and connected with the company to the present time. Is a Re- publican; represented Lincoln in the Legislature 1900; has held all the im- portant town ofiices; was constable and collector of taxes 14 years; deputy sheriff since 1897. In religious preference a Baptist. Member of Libanus Lodge No. 47, F. & A. M., of Bristol. BEARDSLEY, Justin S., Alburg Springs. Insurance. Born at Alburg Springs, Nov. 14, 1859; son of George W. and Charlotte (Davis) Beardsley. Educated in the public schools of Alburg, Barre Academy, and Essex Classical In- stitute. Was in the hotel business in the White Mountains much of the time pre- vious to 1894; assistant postmaster four years; postmaster 1894-1900; has engaged in fire insurance since 1900; station agent Grand Trunk Railroad 1905. A Demo- crat; member state Democratic committee; justice of the peace for past 12 years; 116 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT . BIOGEAPHY [BEEBE elected states attorney 1908, and re-elected 1910. An attendant of the Unitarian Church. Member of the Knights of Pyth- ias, chancellor commander. BEEBE, William Asahel, Morrisville. Teacher. Born Malone, N. Y., April 14, 1864; son of Asahel P. and Helen (Bell) Beebe. Graduated from Franklin Acad- emy, Malone, N. Y., 1884, and University of Vermont with degree of A. B. 1889- In I89I married Cora F. Mudgett of Cam- bridge; they had two children, Ralph M. (deceased) and Edwin M. Was principal of Brushton High School, Brushton, N. Y., 1884-8; has been principal People's Acad- emy, Morrisville, since 1889; under his principalship the academy has held a high rank among the secondary schools of Ver- mont. Examiner of teachers for Lamoille County 1892-8 and 1902-10; member of Vermont Schoolmasters' Club and the ex- ecutive committee of State Teachers' Asso- ciation 1901-4; president of the Associa- tion 1904-5; director since 1905; has been active in teachers' institutes, summer schools, and other educational meetings. Member of Congregational Church. Mem- ber of Phi Delta Theta Fraternity. BELDEN, Harry Willis, Waitsfield. Butter manufacturer. Born Pawlet, Dec. 9, 1872; son of Jerome A. and Emma G. (Bostwick) Belden. Educated in the graded school at Pawlet, and Troy Con- ference Academy at Poultney. In I9OO married Georgianna Gorton of Danby. When quite young started in the cheese business, and at the age of 18 managed the Excelsior Cheese Factory at Danby one season; then was employed in the creamery business of the C. Brigham Co., Wallingford and Danby; later went to Itichmond and managed creameries sev- eral years; in 1899 purchased the Mad River Valley creameries at Waitsfield and Warren; in 1902 the Cold Springs cream- ery at Moretown; and later the Mt. Mansfield creamery at Stowe and the Or- leans County creameries in North Troy and Westfield; in 1905 the Cloverdale creamery, consisting of four plants sit- uated in Cloverdale, Westford and North Underbill. In some years the amount of butter made has been nearly two million pounds. Is a Republican. Attends the Congregational Church. Member of Mad River Lodge Xo. 77, F. & A. M.; Water- bury Chapter No. 24, R. A. M.; Mont- pelier Council No. 4, R. & S. M.; Mt. Zion Commandery No. 9, K. T. ; Gamaliel Washburn Lodge of Perfection; Mt. Cal- vary Council, P. of J.; Delta Chapter of Rose Croix; and Vermont Consistory, 32 degrees. BELKNAP, Willis Clayton, Bellows Falls. Editor and publisher. Born Ber- lin, April 7, 1866; son of J. Q. A. and Susan A. (Richardson) Belknap. Edu- cated at Montpelier Seminary, class of 1888; Dartmouth College, A. B. 1892; University of Michigan, LL. B. 1893. In 1898 married Katie May Carpenter of Bellows Falls; they have five children, Paul C, Caroline M., Margaret A., Hilda F., and Roland W. Reporter Chatta- nooga, Tenn., Daily Times, 1893-5. Ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1 895. Located at Bellows Falls 1895, purchasing Bellows Falls Times, and Vermont Journal at Windsor, 191O. Is president of Cheshire Republican Co., Keene, N. H. ; director of Bellows Falls Trust Co. Is a Republican; was superintendent of public schools, Ber- lin, 1888; deputy collector internal rev- enue, I894 to date. Is an Episcopalian; vestryman of Emanuel Church, Bellows Falls. Member of King Solomon's Temple Lodge No. 45, F. & A. M., and of Fall Mountain Grange. BELL, Charles J. Governor 1904-06. See page 50. BELL, Ora O., Alburg. Hotel pro- prietor. Born Alburg, September, 1854; son of Benjamin Franklin and Susan (Farnsworth) Bell. His father was killed in the battle of Fredericksburg. Educated in the public schools of Alburg, and select school. Grand Isle. In 1877 married Minerva Hall of Isle La Motte; they have one daughter, Ethel Bessie (Mrs. E. E. Lord). Mr. Bell carried on his grand- father's farm for several years; was in the cattle business in Wyoming 1886-90; in 1890 returned to Alburg, purchased a farm, and followed farming until I90I, when he sold the farm, removed to Alburg village, and built what is known as the Bell House, continuing the hotel business to date ; also deals in coal. A Republican ; county sheriff 1904-8; constable four years; school director 1897-1900; select- man 1894-7, 1905-6, and from 1907 to BENNETT] MEN OF VERMONT 117 the present time. An attendant of the Methodist Church. Member of Columbus Lodge No. 11, F. & A. M., of Alburg. benedict/Charles Fremont, Corn- wall. Farmer. Born Cornwall, Dec. 4, 1856; son of Charles and Euth L. (Squire) Benedict. Educated in the public schools, and Burr & Burton Seminary, Manches- ter. In 1882 married Agnes B. Taggart of Nicholville, N. Y. ; they have four chil- dren. Ward Taggart, Stewart Squire, Ruth Jeanette, and Arthur Ellsworth. After leaving school remained on the farm, suc- ceeding to the estate on his father's death, and breeding horses and cattle; his father was a noted Merino sheep breeder. Is a Republican; represented Cornwall in the Legislature 1908; member of the com- mittee on grand list; has been lister for 25 years. An attendant of the Congrega- tional church. Member of Cornwall Grange, and Pomona Grange. . BENJAMIN, Sam'l Greene Wheeler, Burlington. Author, artist and diplomat. Born Argos, Greece, Feb. 13, 1837; son of Nathan B. (American missionary) and Mary Gladding (Wheeler) Benjamin (poetical writer), and great-grandson of Capt. Nathan Benjamin and Capt. Charles Seymour, who served in Ameri- can Revolution. Studied at home, and at English College, Smyrna, Turkey; gradu- ated Williams College 1859. In 1863 mar- ried Clara Stowell of Brookfield, Mass., who died in 1880; in 1882 married Fannie Nichols Weed of Alton, 111., author of "Sunny Side of Shadow." Assistant li- brarian New York State Library, 1861-4; sent two companies of cavalry to the Civil War; served in military hospitals; read law; studied art; at sea several years mastering sailing ships; art editor, Amer- ican department, "Magazine of Art," also New York Mail; contributor to magazines. Also marine painter and illustrator. Sent Crimean War marine drawings to London Illustrated News, 1854; opened studio in Boston as artist in oil and water colors, 1870; honorable mention for painting, Boston, exhibit of 1881; also for Persian products in State Department Group, New Orleans Exposition. Is a Republi- can; first U. S. minister to Persia, 1883- 5; president Republican Club, Richmond County, New York, 1892. Vice-president Society American Authors; member Sons of Revolution, Phi Beta Kappa, Society of Colonial Wars, Boston Art Club, Amer- ican Free Art League, National Geo- graphic Society, and American Forestry Association. Author Constantinople, Isle of Pearls, and Other Poems, 1861; Ode on the Death of Abraham Lincoln, 1 865 ; The Turk and the Greek, 1867; Tom Roper, a Yarn for Boys, 1868; The Choice of Paris, a Romance of the Troad, 1870; Advice of Father to Son (translation from Latin poem), 1871; Contemporary Art in Europe, 1877; What is Art? 1877; The Atlantic Islands, published in London, 1878; Art in America, 1879; Our Ameri- can Artists, 2nd series, 1880; The Multi- tudinous Seas, 1879; The World's Para- dises, 1879; Troy, its Legend, Literature and Topography, 1881 ; A Group of Etch- ers, 1883; Cruise of the Alice May, 1884; Persia and the Persians, 1886; The Story of Persia (translated into East Indian dialects and published in Bombay), 1887; Sea Spray, 1888. BENNETT, Edward Cushman, Ben- nington. Lawyer. Born Bennington, Sept. 5, 1873; son of Edward Dewey and Eliza (Cushman) Bennett. Educated at Ben- nington graded and high school; Norwich University, class of 1 893 ; and special course at Boston University Law School. In 1901 married Cynthia B. Gardner of Bennington; they have two children, Charles Gardner and Harriet Estelle. Studied law in the office of Barber & Dar- ling; admitted to Vermont Bar 19OO; since 1905 member of the law firm of Bennett & Graves, Bennington. Is a Republican; deputy state auditor 1900-2; executive clerk for Gov. John G. McCullough 1902- 4; judge of probate court, district of Ben- nington, appointed by Gov. Fletcher D. Proctor, Sept. 5, 1907, to fill out unex- pired term of Hon. John V. Carney, de- ceased; elected to same position 19O8 and 1910 ; present term expires Dec. 1, 1912. Member of Second Congregational Church, Bennington; member of the board of trus- tees and second vice-president. Member of Mt. Anthony Lodge No. 13, F. & A. M. ; Bennington Lodge of Elks; and Ben- nington Club. BENNETT, Otto Ronald, Manches- ter. Editor and publisher. Born Aug. 14, 1866; son of George Walter and Julia Frances Bennett. Educated at Burr and 118 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BENTON Burton Seminary, Manchester. In 1892 married Jessie Stewart of Bennington; they have four children, George Stewart, Otto Ronald, Marion Louise, and Jessie Jean. Became apprentice to C. A. Pierce, publisher of Bennington Banner, 1884; was secretary and treasurer Ronald Print- ing Co., New York, 1888-1905; in 1905 purchased the Manchester Journal; has since been its editor and publisher. Served in Co. K, 23rd Regiment, N. G. N. Y., for six years. Is a Republican. In religious belief an Episcopalian. Past master Boil- ing Spring Lodge No. 152, F. & A. M., of Rutherford, N. J.; member of Adoni- ram Chapter No. 18, R. A. M., of Man- chester; past grand of Hope Lodge No. 50, I. O. O. F., of Manchester. BENTON, Everett Chamberlin, Bel- mont, Mass. Insurance. Born Guildhall, Sept. 25, 1862; son of Hon. Chartes Em- erson and Adda (Chemberlin) Benton. His family was of Revolutionary stock, his grandfather having been a captain in the continental army. Educated at pub- lic schools of Guildhall, and Lancaster (N. H.) Academy. In 1885 married Willena Rogers of Cambridge, Mass.; they have six children. Jay Rogers, Charles Everett, Blanche Avola (Mrs. C. E. Lonegren), Dorothy Draper, Hannah Slade, and Jo- siah Holt. In 1882 went to Boston and secured a position in the insurance house of John C. Paige, and at the death of the founder of the firm became a part of its organization, continuing to date. In 1910 organized the Massachusetts Fire and Ma- rine Insurance Co. of Boston, Mass., be- coming its first president; author of "The History of Guildhall, Vermont," a valu- able and authentic authority, supplying much of the early history of the county as well as the town. Served in Co. I, Srd Regiment New Hampshire National Guard; member Ancient and Honorable Artillery Co. of Boston, and its command- er 1911-12. A Republican, and for many years prominent in the councils of the party; aide-de-camp, with rank of colonel, on staff of Governor Greenhalge 1895-7; elected member of the executive council in 1 898 ; member state committee 1 1 years ; delegate to three national conventions, and in 1904 delegate-at-large ; member Met- ropolitan Park commission. A Universal- ist; chairman board of trustees Second Society of Universalists of Boston. In 1 895 became a member of Simon W. Rob- inson Lodge, F. & A. M.; Waltham Royal Arch Chapter 1896; Boston Council, R. & S. M., 1901, and of St. Bernard Com- mandery, K. T., 1902; received Scottish Rite degrees 1895, and 33rd degree 1902; among other distinctions Colonel Benton has earned the title of past master, past thrice illustrious master, and past grand master of the Royal and Select Rite; past commander of St. Bernard Commandery, K. T., and past commander-in-chief of the Massachusetts Consistory. He is past president Massachusetts and Rhode Island Association Knights Templar Command- ers; in 1912 installed grand master of Masons in Massachusetts. First district deputy grand master of the Fourteenth Vermont District, and in 1905 was elected grand junior warden of the Grand Lodge of Vermont. In 1901 erected and pre- sented to his native town a public library and Masonic hall. Past president Beacon Society of Boston; member of the Algon- quin Club, Oakley Country Club, Boston Art Club, Vermont Association, Sons of the American Revolution, and vice-presi- dent Sons of the Revolution. OflSce, 65 Kilby Street, Boston; residence, Oakley Road, Belmont, Mass. BENTON, Guy Potter, Burlington. Educator, college president. Born Ken- ton, O., May 26, 1 865 ; son of Daniel Webster and Harriet (Wharton) Benton. Educated at Ohio Normal University, Ohio Wesleyan University, Baker Univer- sity and University of Wooster, A. M. 1893, 1905; D. D. I9OO, 1905; LL. D. 1906, 1911. In 1889 married DoUa Kon- antz of Arcadia, Kan. ; they have two chil- dren, Helen Geneva and Pauline Corinth. Superintendent city schools. Fort Scott, Kan., 1890-5; assistant state superintend- ent public instruction, Kansas, 1895-6; professor history and sociology. Baker University, 1896-9; member State Board of Education, 1899; president Upper Iowa University, 1899-1902; president Miami University, 1902-1 1 ; president University of Vermont since July, I9II; president Southeastern Kansas Teachers' Associa- tion, 1892; secretary Ohio Conference Col- lege of Deans and Presidents, 1903-5; president Ohio College Association, 1904; chairman committee from Ohio College As- sociation on An Educational Policy for Ohio, 1904-5 ; president Educational Soci- BIGELOW] MEN OF VERMONT 119 ety of Cincinnati Conference Methodist Episcopal Churchy 1904-5; president Ohio State Young Men's Christian Association, 1909-10. Phi Beta Kappa; Phi Delta Theta; secretary-treasurer National Asso- ciation of State Universities, 1 91 0-11, 1911-12. Author of "The Real College." Is a Republican; Methodist Episcopal clergyman; member Masonic fraternity, 32 degrees, Scottish Rite; Independent Order of Odd Fellows; University Clubs of Bos- ton and Washington; Ethan Allen and Algonquin Clubs of Burlington. BERRY, Andrew C, Richmond. Milk inspector. Born Lachute, P. Q., Feb. 28, 1854; son of Thomas and Ellen (Miller) Berry. Educated in the public schools of Jericho, Richmond, and Williston. In 1877 married Mary A. Henley of Rich- mond; they had seven children, Asahel Peck, Ellen Gertrude, Hazel May, Ristora Elizabeth, Harold Clarence, Howard An- drew, and Homer Andrew. Lived with parents in Jericho on the Governor Peck farm for 16 years; then purchased the Andrew Henley farm on Richmond Hill, which he conducted 26 years; for nine years and at present inspector for Ver- mont Condensed Milk Co. Is a Republi- can; town committeeman three years; jus- tice of the peace six years; selectman 1893-6; re-elected 1910; school director three years; also village treasurer. Is a Congregationalist ; trustee three years. Treasurer North Star Lodge No. 12, F. & A. M.; member Waterbury Chapter No. 24, R. A. M. ; and warden Samaritan Lodge No. 59, I. O. O. F. BESETT, George Melvin, Burling- ton. Manufacturer. Born Richmond, April 3, 1869; son of Edward and Mary (No- ble) Besett. Educated at Richmond High School. In I893 married Jennie Ruth Pinney of Middlebury; they have one daughter, Marion Ruth. Is secretary and general manager of the Wells & Richard- son Co. A Republican. A Congregation- alist. Member of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. ; Burlington Chapter No. 3, R. A. M.; Burlington Council No. 5, R. & S. M. ; Burlington Commandery No. 2, K. T.; a 32 degree Mason; member of Vermont Consistory; Cairo Temple, Mys- tic Shrine; Algonquin Club; Ethan Allen Club; Waubanakee Golf Club; Drug Club of New York City; National Wholesale Druggists' Association, and Proprietary Association of America. BICKFORD, Francis E., Sheffield. Farmer. Born Glover, Aug. 3, 1866; son of Charles F. and Mahala (Gray) Bick- ford. Educated in the public schools. In 1898 married Hattie Roberts of Sheffield; they have three children, Raymond A., Clayton G., and Fannie L. After leaving school engaged in farming on the home farm two years; was employed on farms in Sheffield 1887-94, and at Oxford, N. H., 1894-6; owned the Lyndonville and Shef- field mail route 1896-8; in 1898 purchased a farm at Sheffield, which he has since conducted. Is a Republican; represented Sheffield in the Legislature I906; road commissioner 19OI-8. Member of the Methodist Church of Sheffield. Member of Junior Order of Mechanics. BICKFORD, George H., Hardwick. Granite manufacturer. Born Barton, Oct. 10, 1868; son of Rev. George H. and Abbie B. (Giffin) Bickford. Educated in the public schools of Keene, N. H., Ver- mont Methodist Seminary, Montpelier, and a graduate of Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., 1891. In 1904 mar- ried Alice A. Holden of Bennington; they had three children, George F., Beatrice (deceased), and Holden J., and an adopt- ed daughter, Barbara. Taught one year in Haverford College, Haverford, Pa.; employed by Ginn & Co., school textbook publishers, as salesman in New York state; later with Holden, Leonard & Co., woolen manufacturers, Bennington; in 1896 became treasurer and general man- ager Woodbury Granite Co., the largest producers and manufacturers of granite for building purposes in the world, with their main quarries at Woodbury, their cutting plants at Hardwick, with a second plant at Bethel, which is the second larg- est plant in the world; is now the only active member of the company; is manag- ing director and treasurer Hardwick & Woodbury Railroad; director Gaysville Electric Light and Power Co.; director Holden & Leonard Co., Bennington. Is a Republican and a Methodist. BIGELOW, Walter J., St. Johnsbury. Editor and publisher. Born Stowe, Jan. 22, 1865; son of Newell and Charlotte (Munn) Bigelow. Educated at Montpel- 120 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BILLINGS ier Seminary and University of Vermont. In 1895 married Florence E. Mooney of Mansonville, P. Q.; they have one daugh- ter, Ruth Barr. Worked 17 years on Bur- lington Daily Free Press, 15 years as night editor; purchased the St. Johnsbury Caledonian in 1909, and the Ranlet Press in 1910, operating the combined business; is president and treasurer of the Cale- donian Company. Is a Republican; chair- man of Republican State Convention I906; mayor of Burlington 1907-9; member of the special tax commission for Vermont 1898-1900. An attendant of the Episco- pal Church. Member Burlington Lodge No. 100, F. & A. M. ; was first secretary of St. Johnsbury Commercial Club. BILLINGS, Franklin Swift, Wood- stock. Treasurer and director. Born New Bedford, Mass., May 11, 1862; son of Franklin Noble and Nancy (Swift) Billings. Educated by private instruc- tion, at Adams Academy, Quincy, Mass., and Harvard College, class of 1885. In 1892 married Bessie Hewitt Vail of New York; they had three children, Elizabeth Swift, Franklin Noble (deceased), and Nancy. After leaving college spent part of a year on a sheep ranch in Kansas; later was engaged in the export and im- port trade in New York City for about 17 years; in 1903 came to Woodstock; is director of Woodstock Railway Co., Wood- stock Hotel Co., Woodstock Aqueduct Co., Woodstock Electric Co., and several other corporations; president of Wood- stock Ice Supply Co. ; and treasurer of the Empire Building Co. and Vermont Investment Co. Is a Republican; rep- resented Woodstock in the Legislature 191O; chief of staff with rank of colonel to Gov. C. J. Bell 1904-6; chairman of Woodstock village meetings for five years. An Episcopalian. Member of the Grange; director Lakota Club; secretary and di- rector of Lake Mitchell Trout Club; and member of Boone & Crockett Club. BILLINGS, Fred O., Sharon. Real estate broker. Born Sharon, June 18, 1881; son of Olin Leslie and Jessie F. (Sargent) Billings. Educated at Tilton Seminary, Tilton, N. H., and Bryant and Stratton Business College, Boston, Mass- In 1911 married Bessie Dora Buell or South Strafford. Was reared on a farm; at the age of 16 farmed for Rev.G. Cham- berlain for one year; from 17 to 21 fired for the Amoskeag Company of Manches- ter, N. H. Entered training school for nurses at Tewksbury, Mass., in 1900, and engaged in nursing for 10 years. Is a Republican. A member of the Congre- gational Church. Member of Sharon Lodge No. 105, F. & A. M., and of the Sharon Grange. BILLINGS, George N., Waitsfield. Merchant. Born Fayston, July 28, 1862; son of Count DeEstaing and Almina M. (Royce) Billings. Educated in the pub- lie schools. Married Emma H. Baird of Waitsfield; they have two children, E. Jassamine, and Carroll D. Manufacturer and dealer in lumber for 25 years. Has lived in Waitsfield for past 16 years, with the exception of one year spent in Mont- pelier; engaged in general merchandise business for past five years. Is independ- ent in politics; former town treasurer of Fayston; town grand juror Waitsfield. No religious preference. Member Mad River Lodge No. 77, F. & A. M., of Waitsfield. BISBEE, Edward Wyatt, Barre. Law- yer. Born Waitsfield, Feb. 27, 1856; son of Elijah W. and Lydia (Brown) Bisbee. Educated at public schools and Barre Academy. In 1886 married Julia B. Snow of Montpelier; they have no children. Taught district schools in Vermont and grammar school at Claremont, N. H. ; studied law with Heath & Carlton, and J. A. Wing, Montpelier; admitted to Bar of Vermont 1879, practicing law in Barre until January, 1899, when he was ap- pointed postmaster at Barre, which office he now holds; was president of the Post- masters' Association of New England, 1907-8. He is a trustee of the Aldrich Public Library. Is a Republican; was states attorney for Washington County 1866-90. Is member of Granite Lodge, F. & A. M.; Granite Chapter No. 26; St. Aldemar Commandery No. 11'; Vermont Consistory, and Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine. BISHOP, Elwell a., Montpelier. Educator. Born Wrightstown, N. J., Aug. 24, 1852; son of Samuel W. and Elizabeth R. (Patterson) Bishop. Edu- cated at New Egypt (N. J.) Academy, Wesleyan University, class of 1878; de- gree of D. D. from Mt. Union College BLAISDELL] MEN OF VERMONT 121 1894, and from Wesleyan University 1910. In 1878 married Clara I. Brown of Poinf- ville, N. J.; she died 1908; they had five children, Ethel I., Clara Evelyn, Helen Saxanna (deceased), Hallie Belle (de- ceased), and Harold Elwell. Was teacher of science and mathematics in Bordentown (N. J.) Female College 1878-9; principal of Durham (Conn.) Academy 1879-81; principal of Montpelier Seminary 1881- 93; president of Chamberlain Institute, Randolph, N. Y., 1893-1902; pastor M. E. Church, McKean, Pa., 1902-3; superin- tendent of Ferris Industrial School, Wil- mington, Del., 1903-4; principal of Mont- pelier Seminary since 1904. Is a Repub- lican. President of Vermont State Teach- ers' Association 1888. In religious belief a Methodist; member of Erie Annual Con- ference 1900-4; transferred to Vermont Annual Conference 1904; member of Gen- eral Conference 1908. Member of F. & A. M.; and past grand of I. O. O. F. BIXBY, William Gove, late of Ver- gennes. Hardware merchant. Born 1827; died Feb. 26, 1907; son of William R. and Lucy (Gove) Bixby. Educated at Ver- gennes in a private school for boys under B. B. Allen ("Uncle Ben"). Was part- ner with his father in the hardware busi- ness in Vergennes; also engaged in the manufacture of hames at Vergennes Falls. After the death of his father, moved to Fort Collins, Col., and invested in a sheep ranch with the Bristol Bros., formerly of Vergennes ; started a bank at Ft. Collins, of which he was for many years a direc- tor and at one time its president; he also had an interest in grain elevators. On closing out business in Colorado returned to Vergennes, where he died, leaving a large sum for the erection and mainten- ance of a free public library for his fellow townsmen. A Republican. In religious preference a Congregationalist. BLACK, Harry Alonzo, Newport. Lawyer. Born Coventry, Nov. 22, 1879; son of Henry F. and Melvina S. (Brooks) Black. Educated at Derby Academy. Read law three years with J. W. Redmond at Newport; admitted to the Vermont Bar 1903. In 1905 married Jennie M. Gates of Newport; they have two sons, Henry F. and Raymond G. Has been engaged in law practice in Newport since 1903. Is a Republican ; served as' 2nd assistant clerk of the House of Representatives 1906, and 1st assistant clerk 19O8 and 1910. Is a Congregationalist. Member of Memphremagog Lodge No. 65, F. & A. M.; Cleveland Chapter No. 20, R. A. M.; and Orleans Council No. 19, R- & S. M. BLAIR, Myron John, North Troy. Manufacturer. Born Jay, Feb. 20, 1864; son of John and Emeline (Fairwell) Blair. Educated in the public schools. In 1896 married Jennie Louise Chaffee of Rich- ford; they have two daughters, Marie Jes- samine, and Marjorie Louise. Studied music in Boston under the renowned Pro- fessor Staats, and meanwhile a member of Waltham Watch Co.'s band of 60 pieces. In 1887 returned to Vermont, entering the employ of the Frost Veneer Co. at New- port, remaining 15 years; for a time di- rector of Newport band, and for 10 sum- mers furnished orchestra at Memphrema- gog House; in I9OO built and equipped veneer mill at Newport, which was burned after 18 months' operation; formed a stock company and continued the Jjusiness in Newport three years; in 1903 organized Blair Veneer Co. at North Troy, which was later incorporated; in I9O6 establish- ed branch factory at Montgomery, and became identified with the Veneer Prod- ucts Co. of Greenville, Me; In December, 1910, the North Troy plant was destroyed by fire, and six months later a more mod- ern one had replaced it; is president Blair Veneer Co. of North Troy and Montgom- ery; vice-president Veneer Products Co., Greenville, Me. ; 2nd vice-president Fron- tier Electric Co., North Troy. A Repub- lican and a Congregationalist. Member of Trojan Lodge No. 20, F. & A. M., and Knights of Pythias. BLAISDELL, Edson George, Brid- port. Physician. Born Richford, Dec. 13, 1846; son of Josiah and Cleora (Mun- sell) Blaisdell. Educated in the public schools, Fairfax Institute, Dartmouth Medical College, and Medical Department of University of Vermont. In 1874 mar- ried Mary E. Eldredge of Bridport; they had three children, Cleora G. (Mrs. Geo. D. Payne), Hattie May (deceased), and Harry Edson (deceased) ; has practiced medicine in Bridport since 1871; is ex- aminer for the Massachusetts Mutual, Connecticut Mutual, Phoenix Mutual and 122 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BLAKE N. Y. Life Insurance companies. Is a Republican; represented Bridport in the Legislature 1908. Has held most of the town offices. Is member of American Medical Association and Vermont State and Addison County Medical Societies. Is a Congregationalistj clerk and treasurer of Congregational society for 32 years. Mem- ber of Morning Sun Lodge No. 5, F. & A. M.;, of Bridport. BLAKEj John Mason, Barton. Physi- cian. Born Barton, Feb. 12, 1875; son of Albert B. and Emily (Mason) Blake. Educated at Montpelier Seminary and University of Vermont, Medical depart- ment, 1898. In 1903 married Mabelle Hull of Fairfax; they have one daughter, Kathleen. Has practiced medicine at Bar- ton since his graduation. Is a Republican. In religious preference a Methodist. Past master Orleans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M.; member of Keystone Chapter No. 14, R. A. M.; Malta Commandery; Le Beau Lac Boat Club of Barton, and medical exam- iner Crystal Lake Camp, M. W. A. BLANC HARD, Edwin Clarence, Newport. Insurance. Born Coventry, March 23, 1863; son of Dr. David Wright and Mary Jane (Thrasher) Blanchard. Educated in the public schools of Newport, and St. Johnsbury Academy. In 1889 married Harriet J. Camp of Newport; they have three children, Philip Camp, Doris Julia, and Christine Harriet. Re- moved to Newport 1872; was engaed in the hardware business about 15 years; has been in the insurance business since 1899. Is a Republican; represented New- port in the Legislature 1904; has held various minor offices in his town and vil- lage. A Congregationalist. Member of the Grange; Newport Social Club; Mem- phremagog Yacht Club; associate member of the Grand Army of the Republic; and member of various other clubs and asso- ciations. BLANCHARD, Edwin Oscar, Ran- dolph. Dental surgeon. Born Plainfield, April 26, 1 862 ; son of Dr. George Dudley and Ellen (Blood) Blanchard. Educated at Randolph High School, Norwich Uni- versity, and Boston Dental College, gradu- ated 1885. In 1886 married Mary Alice Gay of Randolph; they have an adopted daughter, Helen Gay. Began the study of dentistry in his father's office; also practiced in the office of Dr. D. G. Wil- liams, Boston; at the death of his father succeeded to his practice in Randolph, continuing to date. A Republican; presi- dent of Randolph board of trade three years; has been president and several times on the executive committee of Ver- mont State Dental Society; appointed by Governor Bell to act on state board of dental examiners; reappointed by Gov- ernor Proctor and reappointed by Gov- ernor Mead, still holding the position as president of the board. Member of Beth- any (Congregational) Church; deacon of the church; was Sunday school superin- tendent 19 years. Member of Phoenix Lodge No. 28, F. & A. M., of Randolph. BLANCHARD, Herbert Hancock, Springfield. Lawyer. Born Berlin, Jan. 22, 1869; son of Watson S., and Sarah M. (Hancock) Blanchard. Educated at Windsor High School, and University of Vermont, class of 1892. In 1895 mar- ried Clara M. Silver of Windsor; they have one daughter, Minerva L. Studied law with J. C. Enright, Windsor; ad- mitted to the Vermont Bar 1895; engaged in law practice for three years with J. C. Enright under the firm name of Enright & Blanchard; in 1898 removed to Spring- field, where he has since been in practice, since 1907 in partnership with Herbert G. Tupper. Is a Republican; prosecuting attorney for towns of Windsor and Spring- field and states attorney of Windsor County 1902-4; judge of municipal court of Springfield 1909-10; grand juror of town of Windsor for five years, and town of Springfield for five yeg,rs; chairman of the Republican county committee; dele- gate to all the county conventions for the last 12 years, and most of the Republi- can state conventions. Director and sec- retary of the First National Bank of Springfield; director and secretary of the Springfield Gas Co. ; president and di- rector of the St. Johnsbury Gas Co.; treasurer land director of the People's Lighting, Heating & Power Co., Barre; member of Springfield Metal Co., brass and bronze founders. Member of the First Congregational Church of Spring- field; treasurer of the church for several years; leader of the men's seminar; trustee of the parsonage; member of the committee on benevolences and apportion- BOGLE] MEN OF VERMONT 123 ment of the same; member of various com- mittees in the Union Association of Con- gregational Churches for Windsor and Windham Counties, and moderator for 1910 and 1911. Member of St. John's Lodge No. 41, F. & A. M.; Skitchewaug Chapter No. 25, R. A. M.; Springfield Council No. 18, R. & S. M.; Holy Cross Commandery No. 12, Knights Templar, Bellows Falls; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., Montpelier; Springfield Lodge No. 42, I. O. O. F.; Springfield Tennis Club; the Cosmopolitan Club; and president of the latter in 1909 and 191O. BLANCHARD, Lee S., Groton. Mer- chant. Born Groton, Aug. 7, 1880; son of Lyman and Jennie (Heath) Blanchard. Educated in the public schools of Groton and Wells River High School. In 1904 married Eliazbeth Hall of Groton; they have two children, George H. and Mar- guerite M. In 1897 went to St. Johns- bury and was engaged as clerk in the dry goods store of Brooks & Tyler; later re- turned to Groton and was employed as clerk for Hall & Cochran, general store, 1 899-1904, purchasing the business in 1904, which he has since conducted. Is a Republican. A Methodist, deacon of the church and superintendent of the Sunday school. Member of Minerva Lodge No. 86, F. & A. M., of Corinth, and Mt. Leb- anon Chapter No. IS, Royal Arch Ma- sons; Knights Templar No. 5 of St. Johnsbury; also past chancellor Knights of Pythias. BLISS, George Yemens, Burlington. Clergyman. Born Shelburne, March 12, 1864; son of George and Mary Adelaide (Stevens) Bliss. Educated in the public schools of Brandon and Santa Barbara, Cal., University of Vermont, and General Theological Seminary, New York; degree of D. D. conferred at centennial exercises of University of Vermont, 1904. In 1893 married Katherine L. Shattuck of Bur- lington; they had four children, Harriette Catherine, Joshua Isham, George Yemens (deceased), and Mary Adelaide. Rector of St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Burling- ton, since 1899- BLODGETT, Ernest Herbert, Wind- sor. Real estate. Born June 28, 1877; son of Andrew J. and Phila A. (Dwinell) Blodgett. Educated in the public schools of Rockingham. In 1903 married Mar- tha J. Cooledge of Ludlow ; they have one son, Stanley Cooledge. Was six years clerk in dry goods store, then purchased a general store at North Hadley, Mass.; postmaster. North Hadley, three years; since then has bought and sold real estate extensively in the Connecticut River Val- ley. President and treasurer of the Wind- sor Dry Goods Co., incorporated. Elected village trustee March, 191I. In religious belief a Methodist. BLOSSOM, Howard Bishop, St. Johnsbury. Automobile dealer. Born Compton, P. Q., April 21, 1883; son of Albert G. and Abbie (Byron) Blossom. Educated at St. Johnsbury Grammar School, St. Johnsbury Academy, class of 1897, and Barbour's Business College, 1897. Was salesman for Martin L. Hull & Co., wholesale grocery house, Boston; since 1908 dealer in automomiles. Is a Republican. Member of the Universalist Church. Member of the Blue Lodge and Royal Arch Chapter, Order of Masons. BLOSSOM, William Ripley, Rutland. Physician. Born Pittsfield, April 18, 1859; son of Oryis G. and Emeline (Swan) Blossom. Educated at public schools, graduating at Kansas Medical College. In 1878 married Josephine Crane of South Cedar, Kan. ; they have five children, Elsie C, Ethel C, Frank O., Fay E., and Wilma J. Followed farming in Kansas for five years, then decorating and painting until he began the practice of medicine in 1 898 ; has been in general practice since in Pitts- ford, Shrewsbury and Rutland. Is a Re- publican; represented Shrewsbury in the Legislature 19OO. Is a Methodist; a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity. BOGLE, Byron Leslie, White River Junction. Wholesale jewelry merchant. Born West Dover, June 9, 1863; son of Moses Johnson and Fidelia (Leonard) Bogle. Educated in the public schools of his native town, and Leland and Gray Seminary, Townshend. In 1884 married Flora Isadore Thyng of Stoddard, N. H. ; they have one son, Ernest Paul. In 1883 entered the employ of his brother, Clar- ence C. Bogle, then in the wholesale jew- elry business in West Lebanon, N. H. ; in 1884 the business was moved to White River Junction, Mr. Bogle continuing with ]24 ENCYCLOPEDIA ^•EEMONT BIOGRAPHY [BOGLE his brother as book-keeper and manager of the store; in 1889 they formed the firm of Bogle Brothers, now one of the largest and most widely known jewelry houses in New England. A Republican. Member of the Methodist Episcopal Church of White River Junction; steward and trus- tee of the church. Member of United Brethren Lodge, F. & A. M., and Cascad- nae Chapter, R. A. M., of White River Junction; Vermont Commandery, K. T., of Windsor; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine, Montpelier; Wenona Chapter, O. E. S.; trustee, past grand, and past dep- uty grand master Myrtle Lodge, I. O. O. F.; past chief patriarch White River Encampment; member of Rebekahs; Iro- quois Club of White River Junction, and Automobile Club of Vermont. BOGLE, Clarence Clinton, White River Junction. Wholesale jeweler. Born West Dover, Feb. 28, 1852; son of Moses J. and Fidelia (Leonard) Bogle. Edu- cated in the schools of West Dover and Wilmington; the Methodist Seminary, Montpelier; and Powers Institute, Ber- nardston, Mass. In 1875 married Sarah Emogene Thyng of Greensboro; they had four children, Edith Blanche (deceased), Lotta Bernice, Stanley Clinton (de- ceased), and Barbara Louise. Was a public school teacher; began business life as a clerk in a West Dover store, and was for several years traveling salesman. In 1881 began his present wholesale jewelry business by driving a team, carrying goods which he sold in retail stores. Later formed partnership with his brother, By- ron Leslie, and a store was opened at White River Junction, continuing to date. Trustee of Congregational Church for sev- eral years. BOLSTER, Levi J., late of Barre. Business man. Born WinhaU, Aug. 19, 1836; died at Barre, Dec. 22, 1908; son of Chapin and Rebecca (French) Bolster. His education consisted of a few winter terms in the district school. His early life was spent in WinhaU; when a mere lad he was "bound out" to service, but when 17 years of age he had laid by $100 with which he purchased of his father the re- maining years of his minority; as a farm- er's helper he had worked for a time in Dummerston, and subsequently in Brattle- boro. In 1861 he married Calista E. Bolster of Barre, who survives him; they had no children. His first venture was traveling through Vermont on foot retail- ing sewing silk from house to house, and it was in this line he laid the foundation of his fortune; in I860 he settled in Barre and entered into the wholesale end of the silk trade, investing his surplus earnings in real estate, in which his keen eye saw prospects of future development; retiring from the silk business, devoted his ener- gies to real estate transactions, farming, establishing granite plants, and dealing in wood and coal on a large scale; among his valuable holdings late in life was a 300- acre farm on Barre Town hill, on which he had expended many thousands of dol- lars in buildings and roads. Although a staunch Republican, he never aspired to political honors; was a promoter and or- ganizer of the People's National Bank of Barre, and one of its directors until his death. A man of sterling integrity and rugged honesty, and, although a member of no religious society, a generous contrib- utor to the support of all good work, par- ticularly to the UniversaUst Church. Mr. Bolster's life, from boyhood to rugged age, is an inspiration to those who come after him, and is an example of how much may be accomplished by close adherence to the rules of right living, frugality, sobriety, and a wholesome respect for the rights of others. BOND, George Herbert, Brattleboro. Messenger to U. S. Senate. Born Dum- merston, Jan. 31, 1846; son of Luke Tay- lor and Elsey (Stoddard) Bond. Edu- cated in the public schools. In 1870 mar- ried Addie Richardspn Carpenter, daugh- ter of George and Elisheba (Maynard) Carpenter of Orange, Mass. They have two daughters, Elizabeth Carrie (Mrs. Clifford J. Maynard), and Nellie Ger- trude (Mrs. Wilfred F. Root of Brattle- boro). Employed by Stanley Rule and Level' Co., Brattleboro, 1867-8; New Home Sewing Machine Co., Orange, Low- ell and Boston, Mass., 1868-70; Estey Organ Co., Brattleboro, 1872-86; retail coal business in Brattleboro, 1886-99. En- listed Sept. 20, 1862, as private in Co. I, l6th Regiment Vermont Volunteers; pres- ent in action July 1, 2 and 3, 1863, at Gettysburg; discharged Aug. 10, 1863. Private Co. H, 12th Regiment, Vermont Volunteer Militia, 1865-7; private Co. ■. flffiS^^fSi^SiSM^iiSKSitSESieB BOYCE] MEN OF VERMONT 125 I, 1st Regiment Vermont Volunteer Militia, serving as privatCj 4th ser- geant and 1st sergeant; captain July 18, 1881; commissioned major 1st Regi- ment Vermont National Guard, Dec. 11, 1886; lieutenant-colonel, Jan. 6, 1893; brevet-colonel, Nov. 28, 1894; colonel, Jan. 10, 1895; brevet-brigadier, Dec. 16, 1897; retired Dec. 18, 1897. A Republi- can; appointed messenger to U. S. Senate March 15, 1900, continuing to date. An attendant of the Congregational Church. Member of Brattleboro Lodge No. 2, F. & A. M.; Fort Dummer Chapter, R. A. M. ; Connecticut Valley Council, R. & S. M.; Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T. ; and for seven years its captain-general. Member Wantastiquet Lodge No. 5, I. O. O. F.; past junior vice-commander Sedg- wick Post No. 8, G. A. R., of Brattleboro. BOND, John A., Burlington. Insur- ance. Born Guilford, Sept. 4, 1854; son of George W. and Mary E. (Allen) Bond. Educated at Leland and Gray Seminary and Eastman's Commercial College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In 1877 married Martha A. Streeter of Vernon, who died in 1 890, leaving two children, Ruth Person and Clara Alice, both graduates of the University of Vermont; in 1891 married Grace L. Stevens of Walden. Followed farming up to the age of about 28 years when he engaged in the sale of organs and pianos for seven years for Edward Clark of Brattleboro and for Bailey's Music Rooms of Burlington, then took up life in- surance for different companies; for 12 years has held the Vermont state agency for the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Co. of Newark, N. J. An attendant of the College Street Congregational Church. A member of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M.; Algonquin Club; Ethan Allen Club; Vermont Automobile Club and American Automobile Association. BONE, Herman David, Waterbury. Physician. Born Wells River, March 14, 1878; son of William and Ellen (Smith) Bone. Educated at Wells River High School, graduate of class of 1 898 ; Univer- sity of Vermont 1901, with degree of B. S., and University of Vermont Medi- cal College 1904, with degree of M. D. In 1905 married Bertha May Davis of Wells River; they have two children, Charlotte Davis and Harriet Eleanor. Is assistant physician at the Vermont State Hospital for the Insane; has been con- tinuously on the staff since graduation. Is a Congregationalist. Member of Wi- nooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M., of Wa- terbury; in college was a member of the Kappa Sigma Fraternity (academical), and Delta Mu Fraternity (medical). BOOTH, Edward Judson, Burlington. Born Waterloo, P. Q., July 6, 1852; son of John R. and Lydia (Bickford) Booth. Educated in the public schools of Water- loo, Waterloo Academy, and French school at Masco Mountain, P. Q. In 1874 mar- ried Annie E. Gould of Nashua, N. H., who died 1877; they had one daughter, Florence G. (Mrs. Davidson of Wollaston, Mass.); in 1882 married Ina V. Thomp- son of Nashua, N. H. ; they have two chil- dren, Marion (Mrs. Barker of Montclair, N. J.) and John E. Was employed for a time in a general store at Waterloo, P. Q. In 1869 enlisted in the Canadian militia; was called to St. Armand and did duty during the Fenian raid. Later em- ployed in the Manchester Corporation woolen mill, Manchester, N. H. ; in the fall of 1869 went to Nashua, N. H., and was employed in the dry goods store of Taylor & Kilpatrick until 1870, and with Crawford & Anderson in the same store 1870-76; with F. E. Kimball in the same line of business 1876-9; engaged in mer- cantile business for himself for about a year; in 1880 went to Burlington and en- tered the employ of J. R. Booth in the lumber business, beginning as tally boy, and being steadily advanced until in 1895 he became general manager, which posi- tion he still holds. Served as aide-de-camp with rank of colonel on staff of Governor E. C. Smith. A Republican; alderman 1886 to 1889 inclusive; president of the board 1887 and 1888; one of the organ- izers, director, and president of the Chit- tenden County Trust Co. ; director Bald- win Refrigerator Co., the O. L. Hinds Co., and the Elias Lyman Coal Co. Trustee, steward, and treasurer of Methodist Epis- copal Church. Past grand of Green Moun- tain Lodge No. 1, I. O. O. F.; member of Ethan Allen Club and Algonquin Club; president of the latter in 1911. BOYCE, Willard Jairus, Waterbury. Merchant and manufacturer. Born North Fayston, Nov. 10, 1861; son of Hiram E. 126 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BOYDEN and Betsey F. (Eaton) Boyce. Educated in the public schools and Montpelier Semi- nary. In 1885 married Elna M. Bobbins of North Evans, N. Y.; they have three children, Earle Albert, Edith May, and Harriet Edna. Lived on a farm until 21 years of age; moved to Waterbury and worked as clerk 10 years for his father in grocery and provision store; afterwards partner in the business two years ; in 1 895 established a furniture and undertaking business; established in addition to the furniture business in 1906, with V. L. Perkins, the Boyce-Pefkins Lumber Co., incorporated, manufacturing soft and hard wood lumber, clapboards, and creamery packages. Is a Republican; represented Waterbury in the Legislature 1908 and 191O; member of the appropriations and railroad committees 1908, and appropria- tions committee and chairman of general committee I9IO; member of special com- mittee to investigate the Austine fund at Brattleboro, and the state normal schools. Is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Member of Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M.; Queen Esther Chapter No. 7, O. E. S.; Mentor Lodge No. 51, Alhambra Encampment No. 20, and Em- erald Rebekah Lodge No. 33, I. O. O. F.; and the Gentlemen's Twenty-five Club. BOYDEN, Charles Asa, Brattleboro. Banker. Born Brattleboro, March 19, 1875; son of George A. and Alice (Chase) Boyden. Educated at Brattleboro High School. In 1901 married Ethel L. Wa- terman of Brattleboro; they have three children, Alice, George Albert, and James Waterman Boyden. Entered Vermont National Bank in 1894; served as clerk, bookkeeper, and teller; organized Brattle- boro Trust Company in 1906; was elected treasurer of the company in 1907; is treasurer of Brattleboro & Whitehall Railroad Co., of Brattleboro Board of Trade, and of Brattleboro Creamery Association. Mr. Boyden is independent in politics ; a Unitarian. A member of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M.; Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T. ; and Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine. BOYDEN, Nelson Luther, Randolph Center. Lawyer. Born Barnard, July 19, 1836; son of Luther and Hannah (Goff) Boyden. Educated in the public schools, Royalton Academy, and Orange County Grammar School. In 1865 mar- ried Angine E. Carpenter of Randolph; they have two children, Charles Irving, and Florence Louise. Read law with Hon. Philander Perrin of Randolph; admitted to Orange County Bar 1865, since prac- ticed law in Randolph and the various courts of the state; states attorney for Orange County 1871, 1872, 1875, and 1876; in connection with his law business has engaged in farming, has been a breed- er of registered Jersey stock for over. 40 years, has now a herd of over 40 head. A .Republican; town clerk of Randolph 25 years; for many years superintendent of schools, and held various other town of- fices; senator from Orange County 1882; represented Randolph in the Legislature 1888; delegate to many conventions, etc.; resident commissioner of Randolph Nor- mal School, and president of trustees of Orange County Grammar School. A Con- gregationalist. Prominent in Masonry; past master Phoenix Lodge, F. & A. M.; past high priest R. A. M. ; thrice illustri- ous master of Council; worthy patron of Eastern Star of Randolph; member of Commandery, Shrine, and Scottish Rite, of Montpelier. BOYNTON, Albert Julius, Rutland. Hotel manager. Born Morrisville, July 14, 1863; son of Clark Mills and Adelia Patience (Hall) Boynton. Educated at People's Academy, Morrisville. In 1884 married Flora E. Fuller of Stowe; they have two children, Pauline Fuller and Robert Clark. As a youth engaged in printing business with News and Citizen, Morrisville; later in hotel business with brother in Morrisville. When the Ameri- can house and Van Ness house consoli- dated in 1882, came to the Van Ness house, Burlington, as clerk, serving two years ; clerk in Bates house, Rutland, 1884-5; clerk at Mt. Mansfield hotel, Stowe, a summer resort, one season; clerk Hotel Berwick, Rutland, 1886-91; manager Ho- tel Berwick 1891-3; manager Ellis Park Hotel, Lake Bomoseen, one season; man- ager Hotel Burlington, Burlington, one and one-half years; and in 1895 returned to management of Hotel Berwick, continu- ing to date. A Republican; attendant of the Congregational Church. Member Rut- land Lodge No. 79, F. & A. M.; Daven- port Chapter, R. A. M.; Killington Com- BROWN] MEN OF VERMONT 127 mandery, K. T.; and Cairo Temple, Mys- tic Shrine. BOYNTON, William Seward, St. Johnsbury. Banker. Born St. Johnsbury, April 2, 1853; son of David and Harriet (Chamberlain) Boynton. Educated at St. Johnsbury Academy, class of 1873, and Cornell University, class of 1877. In 1881 married Ida P. Bancroft of Chelsea, Mass. ; they had five children, Helen A. (Smith College, 1905), David B. (deceased), Alice H. (deceased), William H. (Wil- liams College, 1913), and Katharine; Mr. Boynton has been treasurer and trustee Passumpsic Savings Bank since 1877; also county treasurer. Member of Vermont National Guard; at one time 1st lieuten- ant, Co. B. A Republican. Vestryman of St. Andrevr's Protestant Episcopal Church. Member of Passumpsic Lodge No. 27, F. & A. M. ; HasweU Chapter No. 11, R. A. M.; Palestine Commandery No. 5, K. T., in which he has held offices of prelate and eminent commander. BRACKETT, Wilford Henry, Brat- tleboro. Banker. Born Brattleboro, Aug. 14, 1864; son of Dana F. and Lucy A. (Taylor) Brackett. Educated in public schools of Brattleboro. In 1889 married Bertha M. Hines of Brattleboro; they have one son, Roger Arnold. Was clerk in a store 1882-4; bookkeeper and secre- tary Valley Mill Co. 1884-6; bookkeeper Peoples National Bank April 1, 1886; assistant cashier 1889; cashier 1893; vice- president and cashier, 1910, which office he still holds. Is a Republican; a Uni- versalist ; a member Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M., having served as junior warden and senior warden; a member and has been president of Vermont Wheel Club. BRAINERD, Ezra, Middlebury. Edu- cator. Born St. Albans, Dec. 17, 1844; son of Lawrence Robbins and Katherine (Wood) Brainerd. Educated at St. Al- bans High School; Middlebury College, A. B. 1864; and Andover Theological Seminary 1868; degree of LL. D. from University of Vermont 1888, and D. D. Howard University 1900. In 1868 mar- ried Frances V. Rockwell of Middlebury, who died Jan. 11, 1893; they had six chil- dren, Elizabeth DeLong (Mrs. C. C. Plehn), Bertha (Mrs. C. A. Adams), Frances Viola (Mrs. Dudley Baird) Ezra, Miranda Stranahan, and Alice Beaumelle; Dec. 25, 1897, married Mary E. Wright of New Haven; they have two children, Dorothy Ellen and Katherine Wright; was tutor Middlebury College 1864-6; professor of rhetoric and English litera- ture Middlebury College 1868-80; pro- fessor of physics and applied mathematics 1880-5; president Middlebury College July 1, 1885 to July 1, 1908; in 1887 was appointed a commissioner to revise school laws of Vermont. Is a Republi- can. Is a Congregational clergyman. Member of Chi Psi fraternity. BROWN, Andrew C, late of Mont- pelier. Born Sutton, July 10, 1828; died October 29, 1911; son of Rev. Elisha and Phoebe (Fletcher) Brown. Educated at the public schools, and Methodist Seminary, Newbury. In 1851 married Lucia Almira Green of Waits- field; they had five children, those living being Ella (Brown) Bailey, Rome G. of Minneapolis, Minn., and Joseph G. of Montpelier. Learned the printer's trade while at school and during vacations ; at age of 18 began teaching, and taught com- mon and select schools 16 terms; at 23 engaged in printing business in Bradford, later becoming editor and publisher North- ern Enquirer; in 1854 came to Montpelier as foreman of Watchman and Journal; business manager and editor of same 1857- 62; in 1865 began insurance business 'in Montpelier; and in 1880 opened first tele- phone exchange, later selling to Bell Tele- phone Co. In the fall of 1862 recruited Co. I, 13th regiment Vermont Volunteers, becoming its captain; on organization of regiment elected lieutenant-colonel, resign- ing after eight months' service to accept office of commissioner of board of enroll- ment, 1st Congressional District Vermont. In politics Col. Brown was originally an Old Line Whig, later a Republican; was official press reporter House of Represen- tatives 15 consecutive years. Reared in the Methodist Church, he later attended the Unitarian Church. Past commander Brooks Post No. 13, G. A. R. BROWN, Benjamin Franklin, Fitch- burg, Mass. Manufacturer. Born Lowell, Dec. 8, 1849; son of Joseph and Katharine (Scott) Brown. Educated at Fitchburg, Mass., High School, graduated 1871; and 128 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BROWN Amherst College, class of 1874. In 1880 married Zephirine Normandin of Black- stone, Mass. Taught school Fitchburg, Mass., 1874-81; Atholj Mass., High School 1881-3; Washington County Gram- mar School, Montpelier, 1883-5; Gibson School, Boston, Mass., 1885-90. Since 1890 engaged in the manufacture of "the Brown bag filling machine"; business in- corporated in 1892, with Mr. Brown as president and manager ; machines known throughout the world for putting up seeds and other materials in flat paper packets; first rendered possible the great volume of the Congressional free seed distribution by the United States department of Agricul- ture. Member of Independent Order of Odd Fellows, past officer o£ lodge and en- campment; past ofiicer in Knights of Pythias ; member of Fay Club ; holds col- lege record in six-oared shell since 1872. BROWN, Elisha W., Waterford. Farm- er. Born Waterford, May 22, 1852; son of Bradley D. and Mary M. (Ross) Brown. Educated in the public schools, Caledonia County Grammar School, and St. Johnsbury Academy. In 1880 married Ella H. Blodgett of Glover, who died Jan. 11, 1882; on June 30, 1882, married Elisa C. Kinne of Waterford; they have two sons, Harrie K. and Dwight B. Mr. Brown has always engaged in farming in Waterford. Is a Republican; has been town clerk and treasurer for 13 years; justice of the peace for many years; se- lectman, school director, auditor, and col- lector of taxes; represented Waterford in the Legislature 1890; elected assistant judge of county court 1910. Member of the Congregational Church; has been dea- con, clerk, and treasurer of the church. Member of Moose River Lodge No. 82, F. & A. M., of Concord; and Caledonia Lodge No. 6, I. O. O. F. BROWN, Frederick Clark, Pownal. Lumber manufacturer. Born North Ad- ams, Mass., April 8, 1870; son of Martin V. and Lura (Titus) Brown. Educated in the public schools of Pownal, and the Troy, X. Y., Business College. In 1904 married Susie M. Leonard of Shoreham, who died in 1908; they had three children, Leonard M., Frederick C, Jr., and Henry E. Was principal of the commercial de- partment Putnam Business College, Put- nam, Conn., 1890-1901; traveling sales- man American Harrow Co., Detroit, Mich., 1901-3; in general lumber business in Pownal since 1903. Is a Democrat; town auditor since 1904, and chairman of the board ; lister two year's ; chairman of board of license commissioners four years ; mod- erator town meetings for many years ; rep- resented Pownal in the Legislature 1906, serving as member of committee on elec- tions. Esteemed leading knight of Ben- nington Lodge of Elks, No. 567; member of Manchester Unity Lodge, I. O. O. F., of Pownal. BROWN, Henry F., Lyndonville. Freight agent. Born Barton Landing, Feb. 28, 1882; son of John Henry and Vie (Hastings) Brown. Educated in the pub- lic schools, and St. Johnsbury Academy, graduate of class of 1900. In 1903 mar- ried Bessie G. Wallace of Lyndonville; they have one son, H: Wallace. In 1900 became assistant in the freight ofiice at Lyndonville; in 1903 promoted to freight agent. Is a Republican; is village audi- tor; has been village clerk four years. In religious belief a Congregationalist. Past master of work Olympia Lodge No. 19j K. P.; member of the Red Men; Sons of Veterans; Modern Woodmen of America; and Junior Order of United American Mechanics. BROWN, Henry Thomas, Ludlow. Merchant. Born Plymouth, July 14, 1868; son of James Smith and Polly Maria (Taylor) Brown. Educated in the public schools and Black River Academy. In 1890 married Anna May Gould of Lud- low; they have one daughter, Rae Mar- guerite. In 1893 in company with Frank Howard purchased the hardware business of W. D. Ball at Ludlow, which they con- ducted under the firm name of Howard & Brown; in 1905 purchased Mr. Howard's interest; has dealt considerably in real estate, especially pulp and timber lands. A Republican; represented Ludlow in the Legislature 1908; has been trustee and water commissioner of village of Ludlow, and held other town and village offices. Trustee and treasurer of the Universalist Church. Past noble grand of Altimont Lodge No. 30, I. O. O. F.; member of S. G. Putnam Encampment No. 8, I. O. 0. F.; Mizpah Rebekah Lodge No. 29, 1. O. O. F. ; past master of Black River Lodge No. 85, F. & A. M. ; at present king BROWN] MEN OF VERMONT 129 of Okemo Chapter No. 28, R. A. M.; member Vermont Commandery No. 4, K. T. ; the Mystic Shrine ; the Literary Club ; Board of Trade; Vermont Historical So- ciety; and Vermont Fish and Game Club. BROWN, Joseph Clement, Fitchburg,. Mass. Manufacturer. Born South Troy, Jan. 4, 1845; son of Joseph and Kather- ine (Scott) Brown. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Newbury Seminary. In 1871 married Percy P., daughter of Jason W. and Laura A. (Putnam) Town, of South Woodbury; they have one son, Joseph Robert, employee of the Brown Bag Filling Machine Co., taking charge for the past five years of contracts with the U. S. Department of Agriculture, in which the company has been the contract- ing parties. The death of his mother in 1856 resulted in the breaking up of the family, and the subject of this sketch went to South Woodbury to live with an uncle, Hon. Asaph Town; in I860 was apprenticed as a carriage manufacturer, following this business for 20 years; in 1880 moved to Burlington, taking position as traveling salesman; in 1884 began the study of an automatic machine for putting seeds and powders in flat packets, re- ceiving his first patents thereon a year later; moved to Boston, Mass., 1886, tak- ing positions as traveling salesman with C. H. Codman & Co.; in 1887, his brother, Benjamin F. Brown, was taken as a partner in the automatic machine business, improvements and perfections were made, new and important patents were secured, with the result that his in- vention stands today unrivalled in the history of automatic machinery of its kind, it having been adopted by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, and the lead- ing seedsmen of the United States, Eng- land, Germany, Australia, and the Do- minion of Canada. In 1895 suffered loss of right arm; 1896 broke left arm; 1905 was in a railroad wreck on the Maine Central railroad, from effects of which was confined at home six months. In 19O8 resigned position as traveling sales- man, going to Washington to assist in a contract with the U. S. Department of Agriculture; in 1909 moved to Fitchburg, the home office and factory of the Brown Bag Filling Machine Co., taking position as assistant superintendent. Member of First Universalist Church of Fitchburg, Mass. Member of Green Mountain Lodge No. 68, F. & A. M., of Cabot; St. Paul's Royal Arch Chapter and Boston Commandery, Boston, Mass. BROWN, Joseph Green, Montpelier. Postmaster. Born Montpelier, Nov. 21, 1866; son of Andrew C. and Lucia A. (Green) Brown. Educated at Washing- ton County Grammar School. In 1889 married Helen R. Woolson, of Montpelier ; they have two children, Ruth Lydia and Chandler Woolson. After leaving school entered his father's office and has suc- ceeded him in the insurance business, hav- ing had full ownership and control of it since 1889; is also president of the Ryle & McCormick Co., manufacturers of gran- ite, Montpelier, and is treasurer of the U. S. Clothespin Co., Montpelier. Is a Republican; trustee of the village of Mont- pelier one year; lister 1892-4; elected mayor of the city 1900, and re-elected 1901. Served on the staff of Governor E. C. Smith 1898-1900 with the rank of colonel. Was appointed postmaster in 1906, and reappointed 1910. Is a Uni- tarian. Member of Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M.; Vermont Lqdge I. O. O. F.; past exalted ruler B. P. O. E.; president of the Apollo Club; for seven years secretary of the board of trade; and ex-president of Montpelier Country Club. BROWN, Nathaniel King, Burling- ton. Banker and real estate broker. Born Tunbridge, April 17, 1834; son of Jere- miah and Nancy Folsom (King) Brown. Educated in the public schools. In 1856 married Susan Gilman Moody of Water- bury, who died in December, 1 893 ; they had five children, three now living, Ella Gertrude, Julia Frances, and Bessie Belle. Was in the drug business in Wisconsin 1856-7; commercial traveler 1858-60; postmaster in Water bury 1861-4; in the drug business Montpelier 1864-70, when he removed to Burlington and conducted a wholesale proprietary medicine business ; manufactured N. K. Brown's essence Ja- maica ginger. Brown's teething cordial, Brown's bronchials, etc., each having a national reputation; was engaged in the business for more than 85 years. At pres- ent is trustee and treasurer of the Home Savings Bank, Burlington, which position 130 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEEMONT BIOGRAPHY [BROWN he has held for the past 14 years; also in the real estate and collection business. Is a Republican; was a member of board of street commissioners, Burlington, 14 years, and alderman four years. Member of the First Congregational Church, Bur- lington, 41 years, deacon for over 20 years; member of executive committee of State Sunday School and Young Men's Christian Associations for several years. Past master of Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M. ; member of Washington Lodge No. 3, Burlington, over 40 years; chapter member for 40 years. BROWN, Rome G., Minneapolis, Minn. Lawyer. Born Montpelier, June 15, 1862; son of Andrew Chandler and Lucia A. (Green) Brown; direct descend- ant of Anthony Stoddard (maternal side), and Chad Brown (paternal side) who emigrated to Boston from England about 1630. Educated at Montpelier High School; graduated from Harvard Uni- versity with degree A. B. magna cum laude. Member Phi Beta Kappa, Har- vard Chapter. In 1888 married Mary Lee HoUister of Marshfield, daughter of Samuel D. and Flora (Coburn) Hollister; they have- two childrert, Edwin Chandler and Dorothy H. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1887; went to Minneapolis 1887; vice-president, director, and attorney Minneapolis Tribune Co.; director and at- torney St. Anthony Falls Water Power Co., Minneapolis Mill Co., Crookston Water Works, Power & Light Co., and other corporations ; law partner of Col. R. C. Benton, formerly of St. Albans, 1887-95; senior member of firm of Brown & Albert, and Brown, Albert & Guesmer, 1900-11, now Brown & Guesmer; en- gaged in general practice with special at- tention to the law of water rights, casualty liability, insurance, and corpora- tions. Lecturer on water rights in law schools of University of Minnesota, and University of North Dakota. His writ- ings on the following subjects have been published: "Right to Take Water from Lakes and Streams for Public Water Supply" (1896); "Law of Pollution of Waters" (1903); "The Three Year Col- lege Course for the A. B. Degree" (1907); "Boundary Points and Lines on Lakes and Streams" (1908) ; Synopsis Lectures, "Law of Waters" (1910); "Argument in Opposition to Recall of Judges" (1911); "Limitations of Federal Control of Water Powers" (1911)- Mem- ber of American Bar Association, (execu- tive committee 1906-9) ; National Con- ference Commissioners, Uniform State Laws; Minnesota State Board of Com- missioners, Uniform State Laws (chair- man) ; Minnesota State Bar Association (president 1906-7) ; Minnesota Harvard Club (president I9O8-IO); Vermont As- sociation of Minnesota (president 1905) ; Associated Harvard Clubs of U. S. (president 1906-7) ; and Loyal Legion. A Republican; a Unitarian. Social clubs: Minneapolis Club; Minikahda Club (Minneapolis) ; Harvard Club of New York City; American Universities Club of London (foundation member). Office 1006 Metropolitan Life Building; resi- dence, 191 8 Queen Ave., South Minne- apolis, Minn. BROWN, RuFus E., Burlington. Law- yer. Born Dickinson, N. Y., Dec. 3, 1854; son of John T. and Margaret A. (Dillen- beck) Brown. Educated at Lawrenceville and Amsterdam Academies. In 19O8 mar- ried Elizabeth M. Brownell of Cambridge. Taught school and worked on farm until 23 years of age; studied law with Wales & Ta'ft, Burlington; admitted to Vermont Bar 1881; began practice in Burlington April, 1891, continuing to date; president Vermont Bar Association I91I. A Re- publican; states attorney Chittenden Coun- ty Dec. 1, 1894,' to Dec. 1, 1900; senator from Chittenden County 19OO; chairman of committee on claims, and member of joint committee on state and court ex- penses, and committees on judiciary and banks. In religious preference a Metho- dist. BROWN, Thomas Stephen, Burling- ton. Physician, educator. Born Deer- field, N. H., May 30, 1878; son of Joseph True and Mary Elizabeth (Batchelder) Brown. Educated at Kimball Union Acad- emy, Meriden, N. H. ; Dartmouth College; and University of Vermont, degree of M. D. 1904. In 1903 married Jessie Lerna Baldwin of Shoreham; they have two chil- dren, Mary Elizabeth and Madison Bald- win. Taught anatomy. University of Ver- mont, December, 1904, to May, 1905; practiced medicine. Mount Holly, Mav, 1905, to July, 1907; instructor in anato- my, University of Vermont, November, BEOWNSCOMBE] MEN OF VERMONT 131 1907, to June, 1911; instructor in histol- ogy November, 1909, to June, I9II; Thayer professor of anatomy since June, 1911. A Republican. A Congregational- ist; deacon of First Church, Burlington, and assistant superintendent of the Sun- day school. Member of Vermont State Medical Society; Burlington and Chitten- den County Clinical Society, secretary and treasurer 1 908-10; Delta Mu medical fra- ternity; Society of Colonial Wars; U. S. Geographic Society; and Green Mountain Club. BROWNE, Thomas H., Rutland. Law- yer. Born Rutland, May 26, 1859; son of Henry and Hannah (McCarthy) Browne. Educated in the public schools of Rutland; studied law with Hon. B. B. Smalley, Burlington, and Hon. P. M. Mel- don, Rutland. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1899; has since practiced law in Rutland. A Democrat; alderman 1893-6; mayor 1 896-7 ; alderman 1 897-8 ; Chinese inspec- tor. Treasury Department, under Presi- dents Cleveland and McKinley; member Democratic state committee four years; member Democratic national committee since 1908; was member of executive com- mittee in charge of the national campaign 19O8, and chairman of speakers' bureau; New England member of sub-committee of arrangements for national convention held at Baltimore, Md., 1912. Member Roman Catholic Church,, and the Benevo- lent Protective Order of Elks No. 345, of Rutland. BROWNELL, Chauncey Wells, Bur- lington. Lawyer. Born Williston, Oct. 7, 1 847 ; son of Chauncey Wells and Laura (Higbee) Brownell. Educated at Willis- ton and Alburg Springs academies; gradu- ated from University of Vermont 1870; received the degree A. M. 1873; and Al- bany Law School, graduating with degree LL. B. In 1875 married Elva M. Brig- ham of Westford; they have four chil- dren, Carl Brigham, Elva Mabel, Chaun- cey Sherman, and Henry Chase Brownell. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1872, and since 1873 has practiced law in Burlington; in- terested in agriculture and fruit growing; director and clerk Burlington Traction Co., and Military Post Street Railway Co. ; trustee and vice-president Home Savings Bank; director Burlington Building and Loan Association, being one of the original incorporators; promoter, and president Burlington Mutual Fire Insurance Co. since its organization in 1907; member Vergennes Power Co., developed to fur- nish electrical power to operate street rail- ways in and about Burlington. A Repub- lican; assistant secretary of Senate 1874- 80; secretary of Senate 1880-90; secretary of state 1890-98; insurance commissioner eight years; member Burlington board of aldermen 1900-3; for four years city grand juror and prosecuting attorney; states attorney for Chittenden County 1884-6; senator from Chittenden County 1902, being unanimously chosen president pro tempore. Member of Sons of Ameri- can Revolution. BROWNSCOMBE, Fred J., Montpel- ier. Educator. Born Guelph, Ont., June 16, 1868; son of John Randall and Eliza- beth (Honor) Brownscombe; on father's side, genealogy recorded to about 1500 A. D. Since time of Queen Elizabeth has always been an officer in either army or navy (British) of this family. Jennie Brownscombe (see Who's Who in Amer- ica), well known painter. On mother's side. Honor, family records to about 1450; family French Protestants, came to Ire- land in time of Cromwell, settled in Queens County, Ireland. Graduated from Petrolia (Can.) High School at the age of 13, and later from Teachers' Training School, Sarnia, and Normal School, Ot- tawa; received his B. A. degree from Ohio, and spent a year in graduate study at Columbia. Was principal of schools in Ontario, Can., six years; superintend- ent in Aspen, Colo., for nine years, and superintendent of the Montpelier schools for the past seven years. Has traveled extensively in Canada, Europe, Africa, Mexico, and the West Indies; his hunting and prospecting trips in the Rocky Moun- tains have furnished the material for ad- dresses and stories; has been active in lit- erary work; is well known as a writer for educabional magazines, and is the author of several educational books ; has written many plays, musical comedies and oper- ettas for the high school, and composed some 25 or SO school, class and patriotic songs; is a contributor of verse and story to various magazines under a nom de plume. Outside business, is chiefly inter- ested in boys ; has carried on settlement work in New York and conducted boys' 132 EXCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BUCK clubs in various places; in Montpelier had "the Boys of Vermont" and other boys' clubs, the boy choir of Bethany Church, Y. M. C. A. camping trips for boys, and the widely known bugle, fife and drum corps of the Montpelier schools. Is an independent Republican. A Presbyterian, interested in various church activities. A ilason, member of the Knights Templar and Shrine; Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Knights of Pythias; Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; Country Club, Apollo Club, and The Club (liter- ary) of Montpelier. Has been president of various educational associations; sec- retary for two years of Vermont State Teachers' Association; over twenty years member of National Educational Associa- tion; member New England Association of School Superintendents, the Play Ground Association of America, and other educational bodies. BUCK, Solon A., Wheelock. Creamery proprietor. Born Fairfax, Dec. 28, 1859; son of WiUiam and Charlotte (KitteU) Buck. Educated in the public schools, New Hampton Institute, Randolph State Normal School, and took a dairy course at University of Vermont, where he learned butter making. In 1905 married Kather- ine E. Kendall of SheflSeld. After gradu- ating from the normal school taught in the village school and the State Industrial School, Vergennes; 1886-8 principal South Royalton Academy; in 1889 went to Chi- cago, where he was employed five years in mercantile business; returned East and engaged in butter, making, first for H. P. Hood & Son, Boston; in 1900 came to Sheffield; was manager of Sheffield Co- operative Creamery for nine years; in 1909 removed to Wheelock, purchased the Pine Hill Farm, and built a creamery, which he has since conducted. Is a Re- publican. In religious belief an Episco- palian. Member of the Grange, Junior Order of Mechanics, and Daughters of Liberty. BUCKHAM, Matthew Henry, Bur- lington. President University of Vermont 1871-1910. Born at Hinckley, Leicester- shire, England, July 4, 1 832 ; son of Rev. James and Margaret (Barmby) Buckham; died at Burlington Nov. 29, 1910. His preparatory studies were directed by his father, an accurate classic scholar; gradu- ated from the University of Vermont, A. B., 1851, at age of nineteen, receiving highest honors of his class; was or- dained a clergyman of the Congregational Church; received the degree of D. D. from both Dartmouth and Hamilton Col- leges in 1877, and LL. D. from Middle- bury College 1910, Dartmouth and Wes- leyan having given him the same degree in 1909. In 1857 married Elizabeth Wright of Shoreham; they had four chil- dren, James, a journalist (deceased) ; John Wright, clergyman; Robert Barm- by, laAvyer, and Charles Wyman, archi- tect. A daughter, Mary (Mrs. William Marsh), resides in Boston. For his sec- ond wife, he married in 1897 Martha G. Tyler, daughter of Josiah Tyler, D. D., of St. Johnsbury; they had one daughter, Laura Tyler. Served two years as prin- cipal of Lenox (Mass.) Academy; was tutor in languages one year at University of Vermont; studied and traveled in Eng- land and Germany 1854-6; on his return was made professor in Greek, a position he retained until advanced to the presi- dency in 1871, acting also as professor of rhetoric and English literature 1856-7 and 1863-71, when he assumed the chair of political and social science. He served as town superintendent of education; city school commissioner I869-8O; member State Board of Education 1867-74; mem- ber board of examiners U. S. Military Academy, West Point, 1876; president board of directors Mary Fletcher. Hospital from the beginning of that institution; president board of trustees Fletcher Li- brary from its opening in 1875 to the time of his death; president Association of American Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations 1905-6; vice-presi- dent National Association of State Uni- versities 1909-10. Was well known as a speaker on religious, social, and educa- tional themes. At the annual meeting of the National Association of State Univer- sities in 1911 J the committee on resolu- tions reported as follows: "Dr. Buckham brought to the discharge of his duties a scholarship broad and deep and accurate, and an .executive and administrative ca- pacity of a high order. His pure, elegant English, his easy and ready elocution, the breadth of his conceptions, and the lucid- ity of their expression could not fail to arrest the attention of even a casual read- BULLARD] MEN OF VERMONT 133 er or listener. His admirable sense of proportion and the orderly arrangement of his argument, with his wealth of meta- phor and illustration, made his addresses a constant inspiration and delight." Among his published essays are: "The Art of Living Together," "Not to De- stroy, but to Fulfill," "The Real Bible," "The Economic Situation," "The Very Elect," "Reserve in Matters of Religion," "Dead Languages, Forsooth," "The "Preacher's Opportunity as Seen by the College President," "On Mighty Pens," "The Love of Difficulty," "The Rustic Speech of the English-Speaking People," "The Schoolmaster's Self Estimate," "Concio ad Alumnos," "The Cultivation of the Memory," "The Cultivation of the Imagination," "Moral Conditions of Intel- lectual Attainment," and "Scholarly Ac- complishments in Everyday Life." BUCKLEY, William H., Burlington. Plumber and steam fitter. Born Charles- town, Mass., Dec. 15, 1858; son of John T. and Mary S. (Warner) Buckley. Edu- cated in the public schools of Boston, Mass. In 1888 married Ida E. Bullock of Burlington; they have seven children, Ruth Mary, Arthur Harold, Hazel War- ner, William H. Jr., Harold Clifton, Dorothy Elizabeth, and Robert Edward. Served his apprenticeship in the shop of his father who for 40 years conducted a plumbing shop in Boston. In 1887 moved to Burlington, and was in the employ of T. A. Wheelock five vears ; in 1 892 formed partnership with W. S. Bullock under firm name of W. H. Buckley & Co., con- tinuing until 1903, since which has con- tinued business alone under same firm name. Mr. Buckley has equipped many of the leading public and private build- ings of his city and state, including The Richardson, Burlington; Fort Ethan Al- len, heating and plumbing; the pumping plant at Fort Ethan Allen; Burlington High School; Morrill HaU, University of Vermont, and others. A Republican. Member of St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Member of Masonic Fraternity; Inde- . pendent Order of Odd Fellows ; New Eng- land Order of Protection; Green Moun- tain Encampment and the Maccabees. BUGBEE, Coy McMillan, Waterbury. Dental surgeon. Born Pomf ret, Sept. 19, 1875; son of Justin and Abbie McMillan (Dana) Bugbee. Graduated from Penn- sylvania College of Dental Surgery, Phila- delphia, Pa., 1900. In 1901 married Nel- lie E. Munn of Stowe; they have two chil- dren, Justin Coy and Eileen Abbie. Has practiced dental surgery since 1900; has license to practice in New Hampshire and Vermont. A member of Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M.; has been secretary and warden Mt. Mansfield Lodge No. 456, New England Order of Protection; vener- able consul Iroquois Camp No. 13435, Modern Woodmen of America. BUGBEE, Locke Harwood, Putney. Physician. Born Pomfret, Jan. 11, 1874; son of Justin and Abbie (Dana) Bugbee. Educated at Pomfret public school, and graduated from Dartmouth Medical Col- lege, class of 1902. In I906 married Maud Gertrude Wright of Hartford. Practiced medicine in Meriden, N. H., 1902-5; Quechee 1905-7; and at Putney since 1907. A Republican; overseer of the poor, and health officer of Putney since 1909- Worshipful master of Golden Rule Lodge, F. & A. M.; member of Put- ney Grange, and Junior Order United American Mechanics. BULLARD, Bertrand E., Hardwick. Lawyer. Born Eden, March 16, I860; son of Edwin and Olive (Harrington) BuUard. Educated at Johnson State Nor- mal School. In 1890 married Ida Patch of Johnson; they have one son, Cabot L. Was clerk in general store 1880-3; book- keeper in straw hat factory, Milford, Mass., three years ; studied law with V. A. Bullard; admitted to the Vermont Bar 1889; practiced one year at North Hyde Park; has since been in practice at Hard- wick. Is a Democrat; member of state committee for Caledonia County for sev- eral years. A member of no church; lib- eral in his religious views. Past master of Caspian Lake Lodge No. 87, F. & A. M. of Hardwick; member of Hiram Chapter No. 29, B. A. M.; Lamoille Commandery No. 13, K. T.; Mystic Shrine; Odd Fel- lows; Knights of Pythias; and Modern Woodmen of America. BULLARD, Vernon A., Burlington. Lawyer. Born Hyde Park, Oct. 14, 1858; son of Edwin and Olive (Harrington) BuUard. Educated in the public schools of Hyde Park, and Vermont Normal 134 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BURDITT School at Johnson, class of 1880. In 1885 married Fluella R. Stowe of Morrisville, who died in 1894; they had two children, Haven Stowe and Augusta Ruth; in 1896 married Annibell Stowe, a sister of his first wife. From 1878 to 1884 taught schools in various parts of Vermont, 20 terms in all, meanwhile pursuing a course of study in the law department in the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, graduating in 1884. Began the active practice of law in Underhill, continuing 10 years, when he removed to Burlington, where he has since resided and practiced his profession. A Democrat; represented Underhill in the Legislature 1 890, and the city of Burlington 1904; special inspector of U. S. treasury department for the dis- trict of Vermont 1892-6; Democratic can- didate for states attorney and member of Congress several times; member of school board of Burlington since 1904, and chair- man since 1909; chairman county com- mittee and delegate at large to Democratic national convention 1904. A Congrega- tionalist; member of Masonic fraternity; Modern Woodmen of America; Knights of Pythias; and the Bar Association of his county and state. BURDITT, Dan D., Pittsford. Farm- er. Born Pittsford, Nov. 15, 1850; son of Franklin and Susan Elmira (Dike) Bur- ditt. Educated in the public schools of Rutland and Castleton. In 1877 married Minnie E. Mason of Swanton, who died 1898; they had five children, Susan M., Carrie M., Harold M., Minnie M., and Dan D., Jr. In 1901 married Mary E. Smith of Swanton; they have one daugh- ter, Frances S. At the age of 20 was engaged in the grist mill of John Stevens at Pittsford ; a year later in company with his father succeeded to the business, and five years later, upon the death of his father, purchased the mill, also his father's real estate ; about two years later sold the mill and turned his attention to farming. In 1891 a large wholesale and retail grain business was established in Rutland under firm name of Burditt Bros. Is director and vice-president Brandon National Bank; trustee and vice-president of Proc- tor Trust Co. A Republican; represented Pittsford in the Legislature 1900; senator from Rutland County 1904; school direc- tor two years ; selectman two years ; lister three years; town agent 20 years; justice of the peace 18 years; moderator nine years; trustee and one of executive com- mittee of the Vermont Sanatorium at Pitts- ford; president of the R,utland Agricul- tural Society and State Fair Association two years; trustee of the Vermont State Hospital at Waterbury since 1904. A Congregational] st. BURGESS, Frederick E., Burlington. Banker and lumber manufacturer. Born Hoosick, N. Y., Dec. 19, 1863; son of Naira Burgess. In 1885 married Agnes A. Huling of North Bennington; they have two children, Helen Madeline and Frederick Vaughn. Teller First National Bank, North Bennington; teller Merchants National Bank, Burlington; assistant cash- ier, cashier, vice-president and now presi- dent Howard National Bank, Burlington; is president Horatio Hickok Co., lumber manufacturers; director Baldwin Refrig- erator Co., and Welch Bros. Maple Co. Is a Republican; formerly secretary state committee. Is a Unitarian. Member of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. ; Ethan Allen Club; Algonquin Club, and Lake Champlain Yacht Club. BURLESON, George W., East Fair- field. Lawyer. Born West Berkshire, March 23, 1845; son of Caleb N. and Amanda (Bowdish) Burleson. Educated at Franklin Academy, and St. Mary's Col- lege; studied law with Fitch & Newton, Highgate. In 1865 married Irene E. Spaulding of Franklin; they have three children, Emma I. Hill, Eugene H., and George S. Admitted to Vermont Bar of County and Supreme Courts 1867; Uni- ted States Circuit and District Courts 1877; member of the firm of BaUard & Burleson for 20 years. Enlisted in 1st Regiment, Vermont Volunteer Infantry, May 8, 1861; served three months' en- listment; re-enlisted Oct. 15, 1861, in the 6th Vermont Volunteer Infantry; mus- tered into service the same day, and served continuously until the close of the war of the Rebellion; was at different times private, sergeant, quartermaster sergeant, 1st lieutenant, and captain; was wounded three times during the war. This regiment was a part of the second brig- ade of the second division of the Well- known 6th corps of the army of the Po- tomac. * Is a Democrat. Was states at- torney Franklin County 1864; deputy col- BUTTERFIELD] MEN OF VERMONT 135 lector and inspector U. S. customs in charge of subport of St. Albans from March 1, 1886, to January 1, 1903; then appointed special deputy in the office of the collector for the district of Vermont at Burlington; now holding that position. In religious beUef an Episcopalian. A member of the G. A. R. ; the Loyal Le- gion; past master Eagle Lodge No. 67, F. & A. M., of East Fairfield; past high priest Champlain Chapter No. 1, R. A. M., of St. Albans; past thrice illustrious mas- ter Columbus Council No. 1, E. & S. M., of St. Albans; and is a 82nd degree Scot- tish Rite Mason. BURNHAM, Elmond Arthur, Bos- ton, Mass. Physician and surgeon. Born Putney, June 25, 1865; son of Henry James and Ruth Rumina (Farnsworth) Burnham. Graduated from Goddard Seminary 1885; Tufts College, A. B., 1889, and Harvard Medical School, M. D., 1894(; house officer Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston 1893-4, and post-graduate work in surgery at Harvard :Medical School. In 1900 married Char- lotte B. McAllister of Milltown, N. B. Practiced in Boston since 1894; regis- tered in Massachusetts, Maine and state of Washington; visiting physician at Boston Dispensary since 1901, with special attention to department of dis- eases of the lungs, nose and throat; in- structor in department of clinical medi- cine at Tufts College Medical School since 1905; member Massachusetts Medi- cal Society and American Medical As- sociation. A Republican, and a Universa- list. Member of St. John's Lodge, F. & A. M., of Boston, Zeta Psi Fraternity, secretary of Vermont Association of Bos- ton, and member of Green Mountain Club of Vermont. Address, 144 Hunting- ton Ave., Boston, Mass. BURNS, Thomas F., Middlebury. Su- perintendent marble mill. Born Montreal, P. Q., Feb. 28, 1863; son of Bernard J. and Katherine (Flannagan) Burns. Edu- cated at public schools of Rutland. In 1887 married Katherine McCormick of West Rutland ; they had five children, Ber- nard J., Edward D. (deceased), Mary Irene, Rose Genevive, and Daniel. At an early age apprenticed to the trade of cutting and grading marble; later entered the employ of the Brandon Italian Marble Co.; superintendent of the mill and yards of the Brandon company since 1885, with the exception of two years 1898-90, when the mills were burned and rebuilt. A Republican; town grand juror seven years in Brandon ; selectman in Middlebury since 1902; justice of the peace and chairman of the board of trustees, village of Mid- dlebury. Member of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church. Grand knight in the local council Knights of Columbus. BURTON, Oscar Augustus, Albert Lea, jNIinn. Physician and banker. Born St. Albans Bay, April 10, 1870; son of Carlos Carlton and Lemira Sophia (Barstow) Burton. Educated at St. Al- bans and Albert Lea, Minn.; Coe College, Cedar Rapids, la.; Carleton College, Northfield, Minn.; College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; Rush Medical College, Chicago University, Chicago, 1 898 ; St. Luke's Hos- pital, Chicago, 1898-1900; Vienna, Aus- tria, 1903. In 1904 married Alice Emilia Hibbs of Albert Lea, Minn.; they had four children, Alice Barstow, Frances Heston, Elizabeth Hibbs (deceased), and Annah Lemira. Practiced medicine at Albert Lea, Minn., 1900-8; chairman of board of health meanwhile; U. S. pension examiner; secretary Freeborn County Medical Society several years ; local sur- geon Illinois Central Railway; examiner for insurance companies;' not engaged in active practice since 1908; interested in investments in Manatee County, Fla. ; vice-president Citizens Bank of Sarasota, Fla. A Republican. Presbyterian elder. Member Masonic fraternity; American Medical Association; Minnesota State Medical Association; Freeborn County, Minn., Medical Society; American As- sociation of Railway Surgeons ; and Phi Pho Sigma fraternity. BUTLER, Fred M. Superior court judge. See page 90. BUTTERFIELD, Alfred Harvey, North Troy. Editor and publisher. Born Lowell, Sept. 5, 1857; son of Nathan S. and Mary (Hatch) Butterfield. Edu- cated in the public schools and Waterbury Academy. In 1880 married Gertrude E. Hunt of Troy; they have five children, Alfred Mitchel, Hugh Harvey, Ross Hunt, Mary Ruth, and Gertrude Frances. 136 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [BUTTERFIELD Resided in Burlington several years; moved to North Troy in 1878 and mas- tered the printer's trade; in 1881, with C. R. Jameson, purchased the North Troy Palladium, subsequently becoming sole proprietor. Is a Republican; has been town clerk, chairman town committee, and committee on text-books in the public schools, and clerk of village corporation; chairman of board of village trustees three years ; represented Troy in the Legislature 1 894, serving on general committee. Dep- uty collector of customs June, 1889, to November, 1903, and on Nov. 1, 1907, appointed deputy collector of customs in charge of the port of North Troy, serving to date. Was the first chancellor com- mander of Trojan Lodge No. 20, K. of P.; grand chancellor Domain of Vermont year 1 903 ; representative to Supreme Lodge held in Boston 1908; director and clerk of the Midland R. R. Co., and is now di- rector and clerk of the Frontier Electric Company. BUTTERFIELD, Alfred Mitchell, North Troy. Physician and surgeon. Born North Troy, Nov. 6, 1881; son of Alfred Harvey and Gertrude Emily (Hunt) But- terfield. Educated in the public schools, and University of Vermont Medical De- partment, 1905. In 1905 married Edith Mae Duif of Danby, P. Q. ; they have one son, Alfred Duff. Taught school at North Troy, 1900-1; clerk in D. W. Kelley's drug store, North Troy, two years; clerk in postofEce one year; and began practice of medicine in North Troy June, 1905. Assistant demonstrator of anatomy. Uni- versity of Vermont, 1904-5; health officer Troj' since 1905; physician and surgeon to Canadian Pacific Railroad; member Ameri- can Aledical Association ; Vermont and Or- leans County Medical Societies; and Mis- sisquoi Valley Medical Association. Is a Republican. A member of the Episco- pal Church; secretary and treasurer for two years ; delegate to diocesan convention 1907-8. Member of Masonic Union Lodge No. 16, F. & A. M. of Troy; physician to the Modern Woodmen of America of camps at North Troy and Jay ; past chan- cellor Trojan Lodge No. 20, K. P., North Troy; corresponding secretary Delta Chapter, Alpha Kappa Kappa fraternity. University of Vermont; and president of the North Tjoy Alumni Association. BUTTERFIELD, Don O., Wilming- ton. Banker. Born Wilmington, March 19, 1875; son of Oscar E. and Mary Isabelle (Morgan) Butterfield. Educated in public schools of Vermont and Ne- braska. Married June 12, 1907, Alice S. Plimpton; they had one daughter, Bar- bara Grace, who died in infancy. Re- moved to Nebraska 1886; farming 1892- 96; teacher in Kansas schools 1897; re- turned to Vermont 1897; assistant town clerk and treasurer, Wilmington, 1898 to date; studied law with his father; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar I906; chairman Wilmington village trustees 1907-9; as- sistant treasurer Wilmington Savings Bank Jan., 1907, to date. Is a Repub- lican; member Republican town commit- tee 1904-10; justice of peace since 1906; town representative in the Legislature 1910, both father and grandfather in paternal line having formerly represented same town. Attends Congregational church. Member Vermont Bar Associa- tion. BUTTON, Charles Ira, Middlebury. Lawyer. Born Brandon, May 14, 1877; son of Frank R. and Laura A. (Morse) Button. Educated at Brandon High School, class of 1899; University of Ver- mont; and Chicago-Kent College of Law, class of 1902. In 1906 married Abigail Hopkins Ray of Brandon; they have no children. Was clerk in Chicago Law In- stitute 1899-1902; admitted to Illinois Bar 1904; practiced law in Chicago with Springer, Garnett & Burns; admitted to Vermont Bar 1904; has since practiced in Middlebury. In I9IO appointed by Gov- ernor Mead judge of probate of Addison District to succeed William H. Bliss, de- ceased. Is a Republican; was campaign speaker in 1904 and 1906. In religious belief a Congregationalist. A member of the Masons; the Moosalamoo Club; Con- gregational Club of Western Vermont; and the Green Mountain Club; was treas- urer of Addison County Agricultural So- ciety 1905-8; secretary of the same, 1909- 10. BUTTS, L. Porter, North Hyde Park. Postmaster. Born Stowe, Jan. 23, 1844; son of Prosper and Mary (Luce) Butts. Educated at Stowe High School. In 1866 married Lurana A. Munn of Stowe. Followed farming five CALHOUN] MEN OF VERMONT ]37 years J hotel keeping 25 years ; has been postmaster since 1897. Enlisted Sept., 1862, in Co. E, 13th Vermont Volunteer Infantry ; discharged July, 1 863 ; re-en- listed August, 1864, in Co. D, 5th Ver- mont Volunteer Infantry; discharged June, 1865, by close of the war; was in the battles of Cedar Creek, Petersburg, and Sailor's Creek. Is a Republican; rep- resented Hyde Park in the Legislature 1896; has held the oflSce of selectman, lister, grand juror, etc.; has been deputy sheriff for the last 30 years. Is a mem- ber of Waterman Lodge No. 83, F. & A. M., of Johnson; Tucker Chapter No. 15, R. A. M., of MorrisviUe; adjutant and past post commander Aaron Keeler Post No. 91, G. A. B.., of Hyde Park; member of Grange; and Junior Order of United American Mechanics. CADY, Heber C, Northfield. Banker. BoTn Northfield, Sept. 30, 1870; son of Henry Clay and Paulina (Barr) Cady. Educated at Northfield Graded and High Schools, and Norwich University, class of 1891. In 1901 married Gertrude H. Lee of Middlebury; they have one child. Has been connected with Northfield Savings Bank since 1891; is trustee, and has been treasurer since 1901; is trustee and treas- urer of Norwich University. Is a Re- publican; trustee of the village of North- field ; has held several .other town oflSces ; represented Northfield in the Legislature 1906. Is treasurer of the First Congre- gational Church, Northfield. Member and treasurer of DeWitt Clinton Lodge No. 5, F. & A. M., Northfield; member King Solomon Chapter No. 7, R. A. M. ; Mont- peher; Montpelier Council No. 4, R. & S. M.; Mt. Zion Commandery No. 9, Xnights Templar, Montpelier; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; is treasurer of the Dog River Valley Fair Association. CALDERWOOD, Charles Area, St. Johnsbury. Merchant. Born Greens- boro, July 22, 1849; son of David and Eliza C. (Scott) Calderwood. Educated in the public schools and People's Acad- emy, MorrisviUe. Married Ida May Pen- ney of Greensboro; they have three sons, Charles Sherman, Clarence Roy, and Alva P. Was in general mercantile business in Greensboro 1871-2; Wells River 1873-5; since 1875 has conducted a furniture store and undertaking business in St. Johns- bury. Is chairman of Vermont board of examiners of Embalmers and Undertakers. Is a Republican; represented St. Johns- bury in the Legislature 1910; chairman of committee on corporations, and member of committees on federal relations and ways and means. Is a Congregationalist. Mr. Calderwood has the distinction of having held the highest office in each of the York Rite Grand Masonic bodies of the state. CALHOUN, Allan, Middlebury. Mer- chant. Born Paisley, Scotland, Oct. 12, 1850; son of Allan and Jane (Wylie) Calhoun. Educated in the public schools of Newark, N. J. In 1874 married Lucy Ann Egan of Troy, N. Y. ; they had twelve children, nine living, Allan T., Joseph, Agnes, Walter, Philip, Letitia, Lucy (Mrs. B. A. Holmes, Burlington), Jane E., and May E. Engaged in the plumbing and heating business, Troy, N. Y.; later in the employ of G. S. Blodgett, Burlington; has been in the plumbing and heating busi- ness in Middlebury since 1882; among the large contracts he has filled are the state house and post-office, Montpelier; govern- ment buildings. Fort Ethan Allen; Mid- dlebury College and high school, Middle- bury; in Pittsford and MorrisviUe. A Republican; represented Middlebury in the Legislature 1908; served on general committee and public health committee; trustee of Middlebury several times ; water commissioner five years ; member of pru- dential committee school district No. 4, Middlebury, six years; chief of Middle- bury fire department several years. Mem- ber of Union Lodge No. 2, F.& A. M. ; Lake Dunmore Lodge No. 11, I. O. O. F.; has been noble grand and district deputy grand master; member of Grand Lodge of Vermont, I. O. O. F. CALHOUN, Allan Thomas, Middle- bury. Hardware merchant. Born Troy, N. Y., Sept. 22, 1875; son of Allan and Lucy (Egan) Calhoun. Educated at Mid- dlebury High School and Albany Business College. In 1900 married Mary Mabel Jones of Vergennes; they have two chil- dren, Lucy Isabelle and Clifton Allan. Was in the plumbing and heating business in Vergennes 1897-1900; junior member of the firm of A. Calhoun & Son, hard- ware, plumbingj and heating, since 190O. A Democrat; member of Democratic state committee 1902-10; trustee Middlebury village 1910. Member Union Lodge No. 138 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [CALLAHAN 2, F. & A. M., Middlebury; past noble grand Lake Dunmore Lodge No. 11, I. O. O. F.; member of Grand Lodge I. O. O. F. of Vermont and has been dis- trict deputy grand master of district No. 3; past chief patriarch of Addison En- campment No. 27, I. O. O. F., of Mid- dlebury, now scribe; grand sentinel of the Grand Encampment, I. O. O. F., of Ver- mont; member of Middlebury Grange. CALLAHAN, Timothy E., Montpelier. Granite manufacturer. Born Moretown, June 25, 1869; son of Patrick and Kather- ine (Price) Callahan. Educated in the public schools. In 1896 married Ellen Gertrude Kelleher. Was post-office clerk and letter carrier for 15 years; granite manufacturer for 18 years; recently pur- chased the business and plant of the Co- lumbian Granite Co. of Montpelier. Is a Democrat. A Roman Catholic. Past grand knight of Montpelier Council, Knights of Columbus; past exalted ruler of Montpelier Lodg'e of Elks; past ven- erable consul of Montpelier Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. CAMPBELL, Edward Raymond, Bel- lows Falls. Physician and surgeon. Born West Westminster, Sept. 27, 1853; son of Dr. Daniel and Julia A. (Hall) Camp- bell. Educated at Kimball Union Acad- emy, Meriden, N. H. ; scientific depart- ment, Dartmouth College; studied medi- cine with his father; M. D. medical de- partment University of Vermont 1 875 ; (valedictorian). In 1876 married Inez E. Morse of Westminster. Began practice at Turners Falls, Mass., 1875; removed to Bellows Falls 1877, where he was in ac- tive practice until 1912. Pension examin- ing surgeon 1885-97; frequent contributor to medical journals. A Democrat; rep- resented Rockingham in the Legislature 1904. Member American Medical Associ- ation, Vermont Medical Society (president 1888); Connecticut River Valley Medical Association (treasurer since 1 879) ; Ver- mont State Tuberculosis Commission 1904- 6 ; and Westminster Club. CAMPBELL, Eugene E., Waterbury. Insurance and real estate. Born Brain- tree, May 28, 1865; son of Phineas and Adelaide (Thurston) Campbell. Educated in the public schools. In 1889 married Bertha M. Denny of Northfield; they have two sons, Harold Denny and Homer Pearl. Was station agent for Central Vermont Railway for 25 years; employed last at Waterbury, where he remained for seven jrears; resigned in 1909 to take up insur- ance and real estate business. Is a Re- publican; village trustee 1909 and 1910; president of the village 1911- A Congre- gationalist. Member of Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M.; Waterbury Chapter No. 24, R. A. M.; Mount Zion Command- ery No. 9, K. T., Montpelier; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; past noble grand of Mentor Lodge No. 51, I. O. O. F. ; past chief patriarch Alhambra En- campment No. 20; past chancellor com- mander Paul Dillingham Lodge No. 31, Knights of Pythias; member of Suadah Temple No. 140, Dramatic Order Knights of Khorassan, of Barre. CAMPBELL, Eugene Milton, Lyndon Center. Insurance agent and coal dealer. Born Sutton, Dec. 12, 1850; son of Mil- ton A. and Adeline (Blake) Campbell. Educated in the public schools and New Hampton Institute, New Hampton, N. H. In 1872 married Emma A. Stoddard of Lyndon; they had six children, Elwyn G., Elfie E., Fred M., Flora J., Raymond E. (deceased), and William E. Farmer and school teacher in Sutton 1872; in the gro- cery business, Lyndon Center, 1873-6; em- ployed as foreman by Lyndonville Dress- ing Mill Co., 1876-84; clerk in office at railroad shops, Lyndonville, 1884-90; since 1891 insurance agent and coal dealer at Lyndonville; partner in the firm of Campbell & Blodgett, insurance agents, since 1893. Was a Republican previous to 1884; since then a member of the Pro- hibition party; has been candidate of the Prohibitionists of Vermont for the offices of presidential elector, state treasurer, governor, and member of congress ; as a Prohibitionist has been elected to the board of justices on a union ticket for the past 1 2 years ; has served one year as su- perintendent of schools of Lyndon; has been secretary and treasurer of the board of library trustees for 1 5 years ; is now agent of the town of Lyndon. Member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows since 1884, secretary of the lodge for five years; member of the Red Men for more than 20 years, in which he holds the rank of past sachem; member of the Good Templars since 1870, and has been grand CARPENTER] MEN OF VERMONT 139 secretary of the Grand Lodge of Vermont for 13 years; represented this Grand Lodge at international sessions of the or- der at Zurich, Switzerland, 1 897, • and Stockholm, Sweden, 1902. CARBEE, Scott Clifton, Boston, Mass. Portrait painter. Born East Con- cord, April 26, I860; son of James Balch and Mary (Gray) Carhee. Educated at Boston public schools; studied art in Boston, Mass., Providence, R. I., Paris, France, and Florence, Italy. In 1882 married Mary Packard Jones of Hing- ham, Mass. ; they had three children, Robert CHfton (died 1888), Jessie Mae, and James Gerome. His first instruction in drawing was with Prof. Geo. H. Bart- lett, while attending public school in South Boston; after graduating was em- ployed as a lithographer; studied paint- ing under Hugo Breul, of Providence, Bouguereau, Ferrier and Delecluse in Paris, and later in Etaples, France, and in Florence under Max Bohm; has ex- hibited in Paris Salon and all principal American exhibitions. Among portraits painted are Chief Justice Horace Gray; ex-U. S. Senator Roach of Nevada; ex- Governors Prouty and Ormsbee and Chief Justice John W. Rowell of Vermont; Judge Baker, of Hallowell, Me.; Mrs. Wm. K. Ryan and children of New York; and the late Col. Albert Clarke of Boston. Member of Vermont Association of Bos- ton; Boston Art Club; Society of Odd Brushes; and Copley Society of Boston. Residence, Boston, Mass; studio, 110 Tremont Street, Boston, Mass. CARMODY, Dan, Fair Haven. Mer- chant. Born West Rutland, Sept. 19, I860; son of Patrick and Mary (Davine) Carmody. Educated at West Rutland pub- lic schools. In 1894 married Mary A. Barrett of Saratoga, N. Y. ; they have three children, Michael Barrett, Patrick Arthur, and Daniel Francis. Has con- ducted a general clothing store in partner- ship with J. H. Pollard at Fair Haven since 1896. A Democrat; police justice 16 years; member of school board and trustee of the library; chairman of Rut- land County Democratic committee; mem- ber of Democratic state committee. Mem- ber of the Roman Catholic Church. CARON, Napoleon J., South Hero. Physician and surgeon. Born Louisville, P. Q.; son of Francois and Philomene (Beland) Caron. Educated in the public schools of Louisville; Joliette Seminary, Joliette, P. Q., graduated 1894; and Laval University 1898. In 1905 married Blanche Boudreau of St. Angele; they have two children, Marie Marguerite Laurette and Joseph Raymond Maurice. Began prac- tice at Swanton - 1 898, remaining three years; in 1901 removed to South Hero, continuing practice to date. Member of Roman Catholic Church. Was physician three years for Catholic Order of Forest- ers, Swanton; member of Montreal Medi- cal Association; physician and trustee Modern Woodmen of America, South Hero. CARPENTER, Arthur P., Brattle- boro. Lawyer. Born Readsboro, March 31, 1867; son of Solomon R. and Laura M. (Bishop) Carpenter. Educated at Castleton Normal School, graduate of the class of 1887; Rochester Business Univer- sity, Rochester, N. Y., class of 1890; and Boston University Law School, graduating with the LL. B. degree 1897. In 1897 married Addie L. Boynton of Jamaica. Admitted to the Vermont Bar 1896, and the Massachusetts Bar 1897; admitted to practice before the United States circuit court, district of Massachusetts 1898, and district of Ver- mont, 1900. Practiced law at North Ad- ams, Mass., 1897-1905; and since 1905 at Brattleboro. A Democrat; chairman of Democratic town committee, Brattleboro, since I9O6; member of Democratic county committee, Windham County. Member of Old South Congregational Church, Boston, Mass. Member of Unity Lodge No. 89, F. & A. M., of Jacksonville; and Bingham Chapter No. 30, Order of Eastern Star, Brattleboro. CARPENTER, Frank Menzo, Ever- ett, Mass. Law and collections, and clerk of committees. Born Readsboro, Nov. 6, 1873; son of Whitman J. and Lydia A. (Winters) Carpenter. Educated in the public schools of Vermont, Houghton Wes- leyan Seminary, and Boston University Law School. In 1903 married Antoinette Adelia Pond of Brandon. After leaving the farm taught school three years in Ver- 140 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEHMONT BIOGRAPHY [OABPENTER mont and five years in Massachusetts; clerk of committees, city of Everett, seven years; three years' service in Massachu- setts volunteer militia, orator of the com- pany three years. A Republican; member city committee of Everett 12 years; mem- ber 7th congressional committee of Massa- chusetts five years; served three years as secretary and three years as chairman of the ward committee of Everett. A Uni- versalist; member MLasonic fraternity, Eastern Star, Eoyal Arcanum, and Ever- ett Board of Trade. CARPENTER, George Byron, White River Junction. Banker. Born Hebron, N. Y., July 6, 1888; son of Byron W. and Hannah (Smith) Carpenter. Edu- cated at West Pawlet graded schools, and Albany (N. Y.) Business College. At the age of 14 was engaged in a slate quarry in West Pawlet. After graduating from business college was employed by the Dela- ware & Hudson Co.; the Vermont Marble Co., Proctor; the Howard Drug Co., White River Junction; and the Granville National Bank of Granville, N. Y. Re- turned to White River Junction and be- came assistant cashier of the Hartford National Bank, later being made cashier, which position he still holds. Is a Repub- lican. An attendant of the Methodist Episcopal Church: Member of United Brethren Lodge No. 21, White River Junc- tion; the Modern Woodmen of America; Benevolent Protective Order of Elks; and the Iroquois Club of White River Junction. CARPENTER, Henry Otis, Rutland. Banker. Born Walpole, N. H;, Jan. 30, 1852; son of Albert and Mary (Carpen- ter) Carpenter. Educated at Rutland public schools. In 1874 married Kate E. Mallory of Rutland ; they have two daugh- ters, Katherine M. and Mabel E. En- gaged for many years in the hotel busi- ness, keeping the Bardwell House in Rut- land, retiring in 1900; is president of Rutland Savings Bank. A Republican; rejjresented Rutland in the Legislature 1896; senator from Rutland County 1904; mayor of city of Rutland three terms. Member of Masonic fraternity. Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows, Knights of Py- thias, and Order of Elks. CARPENTER, Herbert Lincoln, Boston, Mass. N. E. manager Keystone Lubricating Co., of Philadelphia. Born St. Johnsbury, Jan. 24, 1867; son of James B. and Lucinda (Newton) Carpenter. Educated at Lydonville graded school, and Lyndonville Institute. In 1889 mar- ried Lillian G. Lord of Dedham, Mass.; they have three children, Ernest G., Irving L., and Ethyl G. Drove a horse-car from Davis Square, Somerville, to Park Square, Boston, 1883-5; fired locomotive seven years, and locomotive engineer seven years, on New York and New England railroad; ran stationary engines in Boston five years; New England manager Key- stone Lubricating Co. of Philadelphia since 1904. A Republican; a Congrega- tionalist. Member of Knights of Pythias, Ancient Order of United Workmen, Order of Elks, and Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. CARPENTER, Miner B., Concord. Butter manufacturer. Born Waterford, Oct. 26, 1867; son of Amos B. and Cosbi B. (Parker) Carpenter. Educated in the public schools of Waterford, St. Johns- bury Academy, class of 1890, and Clinton, la.. Business College. In 1899 married Mary Goss of Waterford; they have two daughters, Priscilla and Lucile. On grad- uating from business college returned to Waterford, engaged in farming, and in 1891, with his brother, E. P. Carpenter, built a creamery; in 1896 formed a stock company under the name of the Trout Brook Creamery Co., moving to Concord in 1892, and has done an increasing busi- ness each year since; the last year's busi- ness amounting to $70,000, taking in near- ly one million pounds of cream and mak- ing a quarter of a million pounds of but- ter; at present manager and treasurer of the creamery. Is a Republican. Member of the Methodist Church and superintend- ent of the Sunday-school. CARR, Fred Alton, White River Junc- tion. Manager, New England Telephone and Telegraph Co. Born Middlesex, July 6, 1868; son of Sydney D. and Lydia (Blake) Carr. Educated in the public schools of Calais, and Montpelier High School. In 1889 married Elizabeth Ellen Bard of St. Stephens, N. B.; they had three children, Arlie George (deceased), Bessie Rose, and Robert George. Night operator, lineman, and foreman Vermont Telephone Co., Montpelier, 1887-1900; CHANDLER] MEN OF VERMONT 141 inspector New England Telephone Co., Montpelier, 1 900-1; manager Vermont Telephone Co., Morrisville, 1901-3; man- ager at Claremont, N. H., for six months in 1903; manager New England Tele- phone and Telegraph Co., White River Junction, 1903 to date. Was a Republi- can; delegate to 2nd Congressional dis- trict convention June, 1910. Is a Meth- odist; steward, member of official board, and of finance committee. Senior deacon United Brethren Lodge No. 21, F. & A. M.; scribe Cascadnac Chapter No. 27, R. A. M.; member Vermont Commandery No. 9, K. T., of Windsor; Green Moun- tain Council No. 9, Junior Order United American Mechanics; Iroquois Club, and treasurer White River Junction board of trade. CARTER, Frederick Henry, Plain- field. Physician. Born Providence, R. I., March 25, 1876; son of Louis and Tar- sella (Currier) Carter. Educated at the public and high school, HoUiston, Mass.; Worcester Academy, Worcester, Mass. ; College of Physicians and Surgeons, Bos- ton, Mass.; and postgraduate course at Carney Hospital, South Boston; and one year at Chester St. Dispensary, Boston, Mass. Began practice of medicine in Bos- ton, Mass., later locating in East Barre; in 1908 came to Plainfield, where he has since been engaged in practice. Member of State Medical Society and Washington County Medical Society. Is a Republi- can. Member of Masonic lodge, and Mod- ern Woodmen of America. CARY, George C, St. Johnsbury. Maple sugar dealer. Born Fort Fairfield, Me., March 7, 1864; son of Asa C. and Jessie J. (Priestly) Cary. Educated at Ricker Classical Institute, Houlton, Me. In 1898 married Annie M. Partridge of Skowhegan, Me. ; they have three children, Clinton P., Madeline J., and Ruth E. Was engaged as commercial traveler 1884-98; a dealer in maple sugar since 1886, giving exclusive time to the work since 1898. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Congre- gationalist. Member of Eastern Frontier Lodge No. 112, F. & A. M., of Fort Fair- field, Me., and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. CAVE, Thomas H., Jr., Barre. Bank cashier. Born Berlin, July 16, 1870; son of Thomas H. and Frances C. '(Dodge) Cave. Educated at Montpelier Union School. In 1906 married Kate Humphrey Eastman of Waterbury. Was secretary of Granite Manufacturers' Association 1899- 1901 ; bookkeeper and teller National Bank of Barre 1902-6; assistant cashier I906- 7; has been cashier since that date. Is a Republican; on Republican city com- mittee 1909-10 ; represented Barre in the Legislature 1910; chairman of house com- mittee on banks, and member of two other committees. Church preference, the Meth- odist Episcopal Church. Member of Gran- ite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M.; Granite Chapter No. 26, R. A. M.; and Vincitia Club, Barre. CAVERLY, Charles S., Rutland. Phy- sician. Born Troy, N. H., Sept. 30, 1856; son of Abiel M. and Sarah (Goddard) Cav- erly. Educated at Kimball Union Acad- emy, Meriden, N. H., 1874; Dartmouth College 1878, and University of Vermont, Medical Department, 1881. In 1885 mar- ried Mabel A. Tuttle of Rutland. Presi- dent Vermont State Board of Health since .1891; professor of hygiene. University of Vermont College of Medicine; attending physician and director in Rutland Hospi- tal; member of board of trustees Vermont Sanatorium; consulting physician of Proc- tor Hospital. A Republican. A Congre- gationalist. Member Rutland Country Club, American Medical Association, ex- president Vermont State Medical Society, ex-president Rutland County Medical So- ciety, and member American Public Health Association. CHANDLER, Albert Brown, Brook- lyn, N. Y. Born Randolph, Aug. 20, 1840; youngest son of William Brown and Electa (Owen) Chandler. William Chandler, the progenitor in Ataerica of the Chandler family, came to Roxbury, Mass., in 1637. From his three sons, William, Thomas and John, were descend- ed the New England branches of the family; the descendants including some of the most prominent men of their time. Among them were Senator Zachariah Chandler, of Michigan ; Senator William E. Chandler, of New Hampshire; Com- mander Benjamin F. Chandler of the United States Navy; Professor Charles F. Chandler, of Columbia University; and the subject of this sketch, who is also a 142 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [CHANDLER descendant of John Winthrop, the first governor of Massachusetts. Albert Brown Chandler was educated in the district school and in the academy of his native village, and spent his vacations in learn- ing the arts of both printing and teleg- raphy. Mr. Chandler was married Oc- tober 11, 1864, to Miss Marilla Eunice Stedman of West Randolph. Three chil- dren were born to them, one daughter, Florence, dying in childhood, and two sons, Albert Eckert and Willis Derwin. His wife Marilla died in September, 1907. In December, 1910, Mr. Chandler married Miss Mildred Vivian of New York City, a member of a most favorably known fam- ily of the South, who came to New York from Kansas City in 1907. He was ap- pointed manager of the Western Union telegraph office at Bellaire, O., in 1858. In 1859 agent of the Cleveland & Pitts- burg Railroad at Manchester, opposite Pittsburg, remaining until May, 1863, when he was assigned to duty as cipher telegraph operator in the War Depart- ment at Washington, becoming one of the confidential telegraph operators of Presi- dent Lincoln and Secretary Stanton. In October, 1863', in addition to these duties, he was made disbursing clerk for General Thomas T. Eckert, superintendent of Mili- tary Telegraph in the Department of the Potomac, visiting the armies in the field and becoming personally acquainted with principal military officers of the govern- ment. In August, 1866, before the gen- eral consolidation of the several telegraph interests . in the United States into one company had become fully organized, he was made chief clerk in the office of Gen- eral Superintendent of the Eastern Di- vision and placed in charge of the trans- atlantic and Cuba cable traffic, which had just been inaugurated. In addition to these duties, he was, on the first of June, 1 869, appointed superintendent of the Sixth District of the Eastern Division, and continued in these several positions until January, 1875, when he accepted the position of assistant general manager of the Atlantic & Pacific Telegraph Com- pany, of which General Eckert had lately become president and general- manager. He was subsequently appointed, successively, secretary, treasurer, director, and vice- president of that company, and in De- cember, 1879, he succeeded General Eck- ert as president. After that company was combined with the Western Union Co. in 1881, he accepted the presidency of the Fuller Electrical Company, which was among the first to develop the arc system of electric lighting, remaining actively in that position until May, 1884. In Decem- ber of that year he became counsel for the Postal Telegraph and Cable Company, and in June, 1865, he was appointed re- ceiver of the property of that company. Through his efforts the company was re- organized, and early in 1886 he became its president and general manager, and also a member of the board of directors and of the executive committee and a vice- president of the Commercial Cable Com- pany. After the construction of the Pa- cific Coast lines, he was made acting presi- dent of the Pacific Postal Telegraph Com- pany, of which Mr. John W. Mackay was president. In March, 1 887, he was elected a director, and soon after president, of the Commercial Telegraph Company. While under his management the property of this company was acquired by the Stock Exchange in 1890, and Mr. Chandler has ever since continued in charge of its op- eration under the direction of the Ex- change. Was a member of the board of directors of the Brooklyn District Tele- graph Co. and president of that company during the first three years of its exist- ence. The large and commodious building of the Postal Telegraph Company at Broadway and Murray Street, New York, was erected under the supervision of Mr. Chandler, and has become a well estab- lished center of telegraphic communica- tion. After forty-four years of active service, by his own wish, Mr. Chandler retired from the presidency of the com- pany, which Mr. John W. Mackay then assumed, requesting that Mr. Chandler continue in close relations with him as chairman of the board of directors, which position he has ever since continued to occupy. He is a member of the board of directors of the Otis Elevator Coippany. He served as colonel and A. D. C. on the military staffs of Governors Woodbury and Grout of Vermont for four years, I895 to 1898, inclusive. It has been said of him that he is a man of infinite patience and pains; that in every relation he has proved himself more than equal to the duties assigned him, honoring every trust by conscientious assiduity, and by the un- failing politeness, fidelity and thoughtful- CHAPMAN] MEN OF VERMONT 143 ness with -which he administered it; and that when* he withdrew from active man- agement of the Postal System he had the gratification of knowing that he was the only man who had ever built up a com- prehensive and successful competitive sys- tem of telegraphs in the United States. May 16, 1896, at the National Electrical Exposition in New York, he sent a tele- graph message, written by Hon. Chaun- cey M. Depew, a distance of 16,000 miles around the world, which was received and transcribed by Thomas A. Edison in New York, four minutes later, the entire cir- cuit being composed of wires and cables belonging to the Postal Telegraph-Com- mercial Cable system. Elbert Hubbard must have had Col. Chandler in mind when he wrote: "Responsibilities gravi- tate to the person who can shoulder them; and power flows to the man who knows how." In political convictions Col. Chand- ler is a Republican. He has been a mem- ber of the Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian Church (known as Dr. Cuyler's) in Brook- lyn since January, 1869, and is an attend- ant of Bethany Congregational Church in Randolph, in aid of which he gave, in 1907, Chandler Music Hall, which, with its adjoining Parish House, is one of the finest structures of the kind in New Eng- land. A full sketch of the life of Mr. Chandler would form an interesting chap- ter in the history of telegraphy in the United States. He is classed among tele- graph people as one of its pioneers, hav- ing devoted more than fifty years of con- tinuous service to that profession, occu- pied nearly every official position pertain- ing to it, been personally acquainted with nearly all the principal promoters, in- ventors, and officers who have brought that business to its present position of prime importance in the affairs of the world, and has participated in some of the most important movements in the transmission of messages of public inter- est, the development of business and in its organization, operation and expansion. CHANDLER, Charles Elmer, Mont- pelier. Physician and surgeon. Born Montpelier, May 24, I86I; son of Dr. Charles Marsellus and Abbey Josephine (Hazen) Chandler. Educated in Wash- ington County Grammar School, and a graduate of College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, 1883. Oct. 27, 1887, married Cora Stowell Porter of Middlebury; they have two sons, Charles Porter and Hazen Atherton. Has prac- ticed medicine in Montpelier since 188S; visiting surgeon to Heaton Hospital since 1896. A member of American Medical Association, Vermont State Medical So- ciety, New York and New England Rail- way Surgeons' Association, and president of Montpelier Medical and Surgical Club. CHAPMAN, Berthand Arza, Spring- field. Physician. Born Ludlow, Aug. 22, 1868; son of William H. H. and Emily (Smith) Chapman. Attended the district school at South Hill, and Black River Academy; he then secured a position in Channing's private hospital, Boston, Mass., earning money to take his medical course at Dartmouth College, and Balti- more Medical College, from which he graduated in 1895. In I906 married Car- rie Blanche Henderson of Worcester, Mass. ; they have two children, Bertrand W. and Eleanor A. Since graduation has practiced continuously in Springfield, mak- ing a specialty of anesthetics; also eye, ear, nose and throat. Is a Republican; member of Methodist Episcopal Church. CHAPMAN, Charles Field, Wood- stock. Banker. Born Woodstock, Jan. 14, 1856; son of George Roswell and Har- riet Maria (Jones) Chapman. Educated at Woodstock High School; Dartmouth College, A. B. 1879; medical department University of Vermont. After graduating from Dartmouth College studied medicine for three years with Dr. Charles L. Allen of Rutland, and in University of Vermont ; broke down in health, and in 1884 entered Woodstock National Bank as clerk. In 1888 elected treasurer of Ottauquechee Savings Bank, Woodstock; is still treas- urer and trustee. Was president Vermont State Bankers' Association I9IO-II, and now one of the executive committee. Is a Republican ; served as chairman of board of village trustees; several terms school director. Member of Protestant Episcopal Church; has been junior warden and treas- urer of St. James's parish, Woodstock, and treasurer of the fund for aged and infirm clergymen for the diocese of Ver- mont; also one of the trustees of said fund, one of the trustees of diocese of Vermont, and secretary of the board. Member Woodstock Lodge No. 31, F. & 144 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERJIONT BIOGRAPHY [CHAPMAN A. M.; Woodstock Country Club; Wood- stock Improvement Society; Lakota Club, was secretary and treasurer 10 years; sec- retary and treasurer of the Spinet Club; and secretary of the Woodstock Burying- Ground Association. CHAPMAN, DoNLY Horace, Cam- bridge. Business man. Born Fletcher, Sept. 19, 1852; son of Horace and Anna Lovisa (Boynton) Chapman. His mater- nal ancestor, Daniel Lemuel Chapman, was a Revolutionary soldier, served seven years, and was a member of the body guard of General Washington, and by him was offered a commission as colonel; Anna Boynton Chapman was a lady of rare gifts, the genealogy of whose family can be traced to a Norman knight who came over to England with William the Con- queror in 1060. John and William Boyn- ton, the first American progenitors, came to Rowley, Mass., in 1638, where they set- tled. Abiel Boynton, great-grandfather, and six brothers were soldiers in the Revo- lutionary army, and ranked from colonel to high private. Donly H. Chapman was educated at the common schools and New Hampton Institute. In 1885 married Nel- lie A. Hawley of Cambridge, who died in 1901, leaving no children. Taught school the ten succeeding winters follow- ing his graduation, also conspicuous in school matters for many years as superin- tendent and director; held nearly all the elective offices in Fletcher. In I9OI moved from Fletcher to his present home in Cam- bridge. Vice-president, secretary, treas- urer, and general superintendent of Queen City Park Association, South Burlington, since 1900. A Republican; at age of 23 was elected constable and collector and several times re-elected ; deputy sheriff for 20 years, and justice of the peace 20 years. In religious conviction a Spirit- ualist; president Vermont State Spiritual- ist Society; chairman board of manage- ment 20 years. Member North Star Lodge No. 12, F. & A. M.; Suadah Temple No. 140, Knights of Korasson; Samaritan Lodge No. 49, I. O. O. F.; Antonio Lodge No. 11, Daughters of Rebekah; charter member Lamoille Lodge No. 12, K. P.; and the Grange. CHAPMAN, Thad M., Middlebury. Business man. Born Middlebury, Jan. 6, 1845; son of George C. and Adelia (Fletcher) Chapman. Took a partial course at Middlebury College, and gradu- ated from Hobart College, Geneva, N. Y., class of 1866. In 1875 married Jessie Hammond of Orwell; they have two daughters, Jessie C. (Mrs. D. C. Noble of Middlebury), and Florence E. (Mrs. Basil Kodjbanoff of New York City). An extensive lumber and real estate deal- er; formerly in general mercantile busi- ness in Middlebury. A Republican; aide- de-camp, with rank of colonel, on Gov. Redfield Proctor's staff; sheriff of Addi- son County 1898-1904; member Repub- lican state committee for twenty years, and its chairman four years; delegate to national convention at Chicago 19O8. An Episcopalian; past master Union Lodge No. 2, F. & A. M.; charter member Mo- rocco Temple, Mystic Shrine, Jackson- ville, Fla. ; grand commander of Knights Templar 1888; member of the Order of Knights of Pythias,' and of Chi Psi Fra- ternity. CHASE, Charles S., Brattleboro. Law- yer. Born Whitingham, May 13, 1855; son of Abraham and Catherine R. Chase. Educated at public schools and under pri- vate tutelage; studied law and was ad- mitted to Bar, 1880. In 1881 married Carrie B. Brigham of Boston; they have three children, Robert M., Harrie B., and Paul A. Began practice at Whitingham, 1880; removed to Brattleboro; member firm of Chase & Daley; also interested in real estate and manufacturing; official court reporter Windham and Bennington counties for 30 years. Represented Wind- ham Coimty in Senate I906. Member of Masonic fraternity. CHASE, Isaac N., East Fairfield. Law- yer. Born Bristol, Minn., May 2, 1861; son of Thaddeus P. and Nancy K. (Brown) Chase. Educated in the public schools of Fletcher, and Brigham Acad- emy. In 1885 married Inez L. Hull of East Fairfield; they have four children, Leland G., Leo L., Irving I., and Chaun- cey H. Taught school in Fairfield, Fletch- er and Fairfax. Studied law with Capt. George W. Burleson of Fairfield; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1886, and to U. S. district court 1904; states attorney for Franklin County 1894-6. Owns what is known as Interval Farm at East Fletcher, a farm of 6OO acres. A Republican; while CHENEY] MEN OF VERMONT 145 reading law served as deputy county clerk, register of probate, justice of the peace, and deputy sheriff; deputy collector and inspector U. S. customs at Newport 1889- 92, and resigned to pursue his profession; chairman of school board, Fairfield, eight years; appointed postmaster March 21, 1 899 ; while holding the office secured three rural free delivery routes, and in many ways improved the service; resigned Feb. 27, 1908. An attendant of the Congre- gational Church. Past master Eagle Lodge F. & A. M.; member of Champlain Chap- ter and Lafayette Commandery of St. Al- bans, and served as district deputy grand master 7th Masonic district; member of ]Modern Woodmen of America, Camp No. 10,426. CHASE, John B., Lyndonville. Pub- lisher. Born Lyndon, Sept. 24, 1872; son of Charles M. and Mary E. (Wells) Chase. Educated at Lyndon Academy 1890, and St. Johnsbury Academy 1891. In 1903 married Elizabeth M. Jones of Claremont, N. H. After leaving school worked several years in the office of his father's paper. The Vermont Union, at Lyndon; was associate editor St. Johns- bury Caledonian three years; associate edi- tor of The Opinion at Bradford three years, and for shorter times on several other papers. From 1902-5 editor of the Vermont Union, purchasing it and the Lyndonville Journal in 1905, and uniting the two papers with office at Lyndonville. Is a Democrat. In religious belief a Con- gregationalist. CHASE, RoLLA Miner, Bethel. Den- tist, and physician and surgeon. Born South Royalton, Sept. 4, 1854; son of Moses and Rosina (Hill) Chase. Edu- cated at public schols; Boston Dental Col- lege, (now Tufts) D. D. S. 1876; Balti- more Medical College, M. D. 1890. In 1879 married Susan Elizabeth Newell of Bethel; they had two children, George Berry and Susie Newell (deceased). Has practiced dentistry and medicine at Bethel since 1876-1890. Was director and former president Bethel Electric Light and Pow- er Co.; member Whitcomb High School board several years; president Bethel Board of Trade; one of the organizers of Vermont State Dental Society, and has held every office, including president; member Northeastern Dental Society; member State Board of Dental Examiners for 18 years. A Republican; represented Bethel in the Legislature 1900; vice-presi- dent National Republican League 1894-5. A Universalist. Past master White River Lodge, F. & A. M.; member Whiting Chapter, R. A. M., Randolph; Mt. Zion Commandery, K. T. ; Mt. Sinai Temple, and a delegate to the Imperial Council at Los Angeles 1907. CHEDEL, John Asa, Stockbridge. Merchant and farmer. Born Pomfret, May 30, 1848; son of John and Hannah A. (Perry) Chedel. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Pomfret, and Vermont State Normal School at Randolph. In 1873 married N. Jennie Brooks of Stockbridge; they have three children, Maud E. (Mrs. G. S. Hodgkins), Annie L. (Mrs. H. F. Waldo), and Alice K. Taught school in Vermont and Illinois several terms from 1868 to 1871 ; carried on farming at Pom- fret 1872-81; in 1881 moved to Gaysville in Stockbrdge, and entered the mercantile business in which he is now engaged. A Republican; represented Stockbridge in the Legislature 1904 and 1906; superin- tendent of schools three years in Pomfret; has been town clerk and treasurer of Stockbridge continuously since 1887. Mem- ber of the Christian Church. Past noble grand and past district deputy grand mas- ter of Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; member of the Grange; has been master of subordinate and Pomona Granges. CHENEY, Albertus A., Lyndonville. Physician. Born Albany, Sept. 30, 1862; son of Augustus G. and Sylvia M. (Page) Cheney. . Educated at Albany and St. Johnsbury Academies, Rush Medical Col- lege, Chicago, and Medical Department University of Vermont. In 1888 married Ida L. Lyon of Craftsbury; they had five children, Phillip and Phyllis (died in in- fancy), Paul E., Maurice L., and Donald. Began practice of medicine at West Burke, August, 1887; removed to Lyndonville, December, 1 892 ; has been in practice there since. Member of firm of Cheney Bros., druggists. A Democrat. In religious pref- erence a Congregationalist. Member of County, Vermont State, and American Medical Societies ; and of Crescent Lodge, F. & A. M. 10 146 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [CHENEY CHENEY, George F., St. Johnsbury. Dental surgeon. Born Lunenburg, Nov. 7, 1854; son of Lieut. Nathan C. and Miranda (Powers) Cheney. Educated in the public schools, St. Johnsbury Acad- emy, and a graduate of Philadelphia Den- tal College, 1883. In 1886 married Persis H. Peabody of St. Johnsbury; she died 1895; in 1897 married Mrs. Emma Smith Peters of Randolph. Followed the occupation of telegraph operator for a few years. After graduating in dentistry formed a partnership with Dr. Charles D. Newell of St. Johnsbury, taking the full practice from Dr. Newell 1885, and con- tinuing that practice since. Has been president of Vermont State Dental So- ciety, and New England Dental Associa- tion; member of Northeastern Dental As- sociation; member of the state board of dental examiners for 15 years, secretary of same for 10 years. A Republican. Member of the Congregational Church. Past master of Passumpsic Lodge No. 27, F. & A. M., St. Johnsbury; member Has- well Chapter, R. A. M. ; past commander of Palestine Commandery No. 5, K. T. ; l6th degree Scottish Rite Mason; and member of Mount Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine. CHENEY, Thomas Charles, Morris- ville. Lawyer. Born Morrisville, Oct. 10, 1868; son of William Stevens and Mary Emerson (Gates) Cheney. Gradu- ated from People's Academy, Morrisville, class of 1886, and University of Vermont, class of 1891. In 1896 married May L. Terrill of Middletown, Conn. Studied law in the office of Judge George M. Pow- ers ; admitted to Vermont Bar 1 895 ; formed partnership with Judge Powers, which continued until he was appointed to the supreme court bench. Director of the Vermont Mutual Fire Insurance Co. since 1901, and vice-president of same since 1907. A Republican; states attor- ney of Lamoille County 1898-1900; mes- senger in secretary of state's office 1892- 4 ; second assistant clerk of house of rep- resentatives 1 894 ; first assistant 1 896 ; clerk 1898-1906; represented Morristown in the Legislatures of 1906 and 1908, and speaker of the house during that period, being elected to the position each term by the unanimous votes of both Republi- cans and Democrats. A Congregationalist. Member of Vermont Alpha of Phi Delta Theta; Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M.; Tucker Chapter No. 15, R. A. M.; Lamoille Commandery No. 13, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; Rath- bone Lodge No. 24, K. P.; Pastime Club of Morrisville; Vermont Bar Association, and Vermont Historical Association. CHESTER, Fred H., Windsor. Hotel keeper. Born Laconia, N. H., June 17, 1856; son of Charles T. and Mary (Pat- ten) Chester. Educated in the public schpols. In 1884 married Mary A. Mere- dith of Boston; they had one son, Francis Meredith (deceased), and two daughters, Winnifred M. and Jessie Marie. Chief clerk Pemigewassett House, Plymouth, N. H., three years; engaged in railroad busi- ness eight years; manager Glen House, White Mountains, two years; the Alcazar, St. Augustine, Fla., two years; Mascono- mo House, Manchester-by-the-Sea, Mass., two years; the Tuileries and Empire Ho- tels, Boston, two years; Hotel Brunswick, Boston, ten years; proprietor Senter House, Center Harbor, N. H., one year; and Windsor Hotel, Windsor, since 1906. A Republican. An Episcopalian. Mem- ber Heptasophs' Association; Hotel Men's Mutual Benevolent Association of the Uni- ted States; Massachusetts Hotel Associa- tion; and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. CHITTENDEN, Edward Alonzo, St. Albans. Banker. Born Williston, Aug. 8, 1841; son of Truman Alonzo and Bet- sey (Rhodes) Chittenden; great grandson of Thomas Chittenden, first governor of Vermont. Educated in the public schools and Williston Academy. In 1871 married Achsa A. North of Champlain, N. Y. Was clerk Vermont & Canada Railroad, Rouses Point, N. Y., 1864-66; agent Vermont Central and Vermont & Canada Railroad 1866-1870; assistant lost-freight car and claim agent White River Junction, 1870- 1 ; lost-freight car and claim agent, Ver- mont Central line, 1871-8; superintendent local and joint freight traffic. Central Ver- mont Railroad, St. Albans, 1878-92, and general freight agent 1892-9; director Peoples' Trust Co. since 1899; director Welden National Bank since 1902, and vice-president since 1904; member and chairman Bellows Free Academy Fund since 1900; ex-president New Eng- land General Freight Agents' Associa- CLARK] MEN OF VERMONT 147 tion; ex-president and founder Can- adian General Freight Agents' Associa- tion. A Republican; chief inspector of elections, Champlain, N. Y., 1866; aide- de-camp with rank of colonel on staff of Gov. Horace Fairbanks 1876-8; assistant judge Franklin County court 1900-7. An Episcopalian, and ex-vestryman. Junior warden Franklin Lodge No. 4, F. & A. M., St. Albans; past high priest and minor offices in Royal Arch Chapter, and a Knight Templar. Charter member, or- ganizer and first .president Vermont Soci- ety Sons of American Revolution; charter member, organizer and first deputy gover- nor-general Society of Colonial Wars in the State of Vermont; life member in New York and organizer in Vermont of For- eign Wars Society. CHITTENDEN, Merritt Darrow, Burlington. Educator. Born Johnson, Feb. 18, 1874; son of Heman Bethuel and Emma (Darrow) Chittenden. The history of the Chittenden family in Vermont dates back to the days of Governor Thomas Chittenden, and the Rev. Bethel Chitten- den, the first itinerant Episcopal clergy- man in the state. Graduated from Swan- ton High School 1890; University of Ver- mont, with degree of A. B., 1894; in 1898 took a special course in the Harvard sum- mer school; in 1902 the Cottage City sum- mer school at Martha's Vineyard, and the 1911 course at Columbia University sum- mer session. In 19OI married Gertrude M. Cahee of Brandon; they have one daughter, Elizabeth F. Was principal Underbill graded school 1895-6; Roches- ter high school, 1896-8; principal of the Brandon graded and high school 1898- 1904; in 1904 opened and organized Bel- lows Free Academy at Fairfax, an insti- tution endowed with $225,000; in I9O8 appointed principal of Burlington High School, continuing to date. A Republican. Member of Episcopal Church. Member Delta Psi fraternity (U. V. M.) ; in 1905 president of Vermont Schoolmasters' Club, and examiner of teachers of Franklin County; 1907-8 president of Franklin County Teachers' Association. A 32 de- gree Mason, member of Knights Templar, Scottish Rite and Shrine; Vermont State Teachers' Association; American Institute of Instruction and National Educational Association. CHURCH, Carleton O., Whiting. Farmer and dealer in real estate. Born Leicester, July 18, 1868; son of Charles Franklin and Fannie Annette (Roberts) Church. Educated in the public schools, Brandon and Middlebury High Schools, and Eastman's Business College, Pough- keepsie, N. Y. Mr,. Church is unmarried. The principal part of his life has been de- voted to exporting cattle and merino sheep to Australia and South Africa; dealer in Long Island real estate. Is a Republican; represented Whiting in the Legislature 19O8. Member of Union Lodge No. 2, F. & A. M., of Middlebury, and a Knight Templar. CHURCHILL, George A., Burlington. Druggist. Born Hudson Falls, N. Y., May 16, 1868; son of Frank A. and Mary M. (Schaffer) Churchill. Educated at Hudson Falls High School. In 1908 mar- ried Lucile Tobey of Burlington ; they had one daughter, Frances Loraine (deceased) . Learned jeweler's trade in Hudson Falls, N. Y., where he was engaged two years; machinists' trade in Schenec- tady where he was employed three years; and learned pharmacy in Rutland, where he was engaged eight years; came to Bur- lington in I896, and succeeded Geo. L. LaFountain & Co., druggists, continuing business since. A Republican. In relig- ious preference a Methodist. Member of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. ; Burlington Chapter No. 3, R. A. M.; Bur- lington Commandery No. 2, Knights Tem- plar; Cairo Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; Lake Champlain Yacht Club ; Ethan Allen Club ; and charter member Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. CLARK, Charles Edgar, Greenfield. Mass. Naval officer. Born Bradford, Aug. 10, 1843; son of James Dayton and Mary Sexton Clark. Educated in the piibl'c schools, Bradford Academy, and TS^aval Academy 1860-3; LL. D. University of Pennsylvania 1905. In ] 869 m.arried Maria Louise Davis of Greenfield, y/laaa. ; they have two daughters, Mary Louisa (married Commander S. S. Robinson, U. S. N.) ; and Caroline Russell (married Commander C. F. Hughes, U. S. N.). Entered Naval Academy at Annapolis, Sept. 29, I860; advanced to rank of en- sign Nov. 1, 1863; ordered to the Os- 148 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [CLARK sipee and served in her the last two years of the civil war, taking part in the battle of Mobile Bay, and in the attack upon Fort Morgan, commanding the quarter- deck division; assigned to steamer Van- derbilt of the Pacific squadron, 1865-8, where he witnessed the battle of Callao and bombardment of Valparaiso; as lieu- tenant-commander was wrecked in the Suwanee in 1868 near Vancouver Island; West India Station, 1869-70; Naval Academy 1870-3; China Station 1871-7; shore duty 1878-81; promoted to com- mander Nov. 15, 1881; New Hampshire line of battleship 1882; Ranger, North Pacific, 1883-6, in charge of the survey of west coast of Mexico and Central America; shore and sea duty till 1894-; commanded patrol fleet in Behring Sea 1894; promoted to captain June 21, 1896; shore and sea duty till March, 1898; took command of battleship Ore- gon March 14, 1898, then in Puget Sound, sailed March 19, from San Francisco, ar- riving at Jupiter Inlet, Florida, May 24, 1898, a distance of 16,764 miles in 55 days of actual steaming, without acci- dent, the most remarkable voyage in steam marine annals; joined fleet at Key West and on May 25, took part in the bom- bardment of Santiago and in the battle of Santiago, July 3, 1898, when the Span- ish fleet essayed its passage out of San- tiago harbor. Here the Oregon was at the head of the line of battleships, Capt. Clark on the forward turret, and en- gaged each of the enemy's vessels until they were destroyed, a total of 1776 shots being delivered from her guns. Detached from Oregon Aug. 6, 1898, on duty at League Island navy yard, at Naval Home, and on examining and returning boards until retired on Aug. 10, 1905, as senior rear admiral. Washington, D. C. ad- dress, "The Ontario." CLARK, Ernest Frank, Groton. Grain dealer. Born Groton, Aug. 6, 1883; son of Benjamin F. and Emma J. (Coffin) Clark. Educated in the public schools, Montpelier High School, class of 1902, and Worcester Academy, Worcester, Mass., class of 1903. In 1903 married Minnie G. Adams of Groton; they have two chil- dren, Benjamin Franklin and Ruby Emma. Began business life as clerk in genera,! store for Hall & Cochran, Groton; in 1905 went into partnership with R. A. David- son, forming the firm of Clark & David- son; in 1908 they built the electric light plant known as the Clark & Davidson electric light and power plant; is secre- tary and treasurer, of Groton Electric Co. Is a Democrat; was town treasurer 1909; is village clerk; has been village trustee since 1907, when the village was incor- porated. Member of the Methodist Church. Member. of Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M., Wells River; Palestine Command- ery No. 5, K. T., St. Johnsbury; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., Mont- pelier; a 32 degree Scottish Rite Mason; past chancellor Caledonian Lodge No. 15, K. P., Groton; past counselor Camp No. 8514, Modern Woodmen of America, of Groton. CLARK, Frederick Chapin, Brattle- boro. Merchant. Born Marlboro, April 20, 1868; son of William Frederick and Emma A. (Reed) Clark. Educated in the public schools. In 1907 married Bertha A. Houghton of Brattleboro. Came to Brattleboro in 1888 and engaged as clerk in Pullen Bros.' grocery store, later • changed to A. J. Pullen, and later Pullen & Whitney, and E. D. Whitney. As part- ner of J. Warren Miller, succeeded Mr. Whitney in 1897, as Clark & MiUer in 1 899 purchased Mr. Miller's interest, since conducting business alone, and with no change of location during the 23 years. A Republican. A Congregationalist. Mem- ber of Brattleboro Lodge of Masons and the Vermont Wheel Club. CLARK, George Washington, Morris- ville. Real estate and cattle dealer. Born Hyde Park, June 10, 1846; son of Chester and Elvira (Crosby) Clark. Educated at Stowe High School, and People's Acad- emy, Morris ville. In 1889 married May H. Noyes of Morrisville; she died 1891; they had one daughter, Ruth; in 1905 mar- ried Blanche M. Atwood of Stowe; they have two children, Francis Atwood and May Elvira. For about 30 years engaged in the purchase and sale of farm produce, mostly cattle, sheep, and wool; later has dealt also in real estate; from 1880-4 was partner of Hon. Amory Davison of Crafts- bury, buying and selling cattle extensively in Vermont, Massachusetts, and Connecti- cut. Is a Republican; represented Mor- ristown in the Legislature 1910; has been a member for Lamoille County of the Re- CLARKE] MEN OF VERMONT 149 publican committee of the first congres- sional district for 12 years; notary public niany years; member of cemetery commit- tee 20 years; board of village trustees three years; and superintendent of the poor four years. Is a Congregationalist ; one of the prudential committee eight years. Member of Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M.; Tucker Chapter No. 15, R. A. M.; Coral Chapter No. 16, O. E. S.; Lamoille Commandery No. 13, K. T.; La- moille Grange; and Modern Woodmen of America. CLARK, Harry Elias, Halifax. Mill- man. Born Halifax, Aug. 7, 1886; son of Charles F. and May T. (Stone) Clark. Educated at Arms Academy, Shelburne Falls, Mass. Since the age of 21 has been extensively engaged in the manufac- ture of rough lumber and chair stock. A Republican. A Baptist. Worshipful mas- ter of Unity Lodge No. 89, F. & A. M., of Jacksonville. Post-ofRce address. Elm- grove, Mass. CLARK, John Calvin, St. Johnsbury. Treasurer and general manager. Born Lunenburg, June 3, 1852; son of John Spencer and Eliza Ann (Robinson) Clark. Educated in the public schools of Newton, Mass., and public and private schools at Detroit, Mich. In 1881 married .Lida Ella Puffer of Chelsea; they have four children, Robert Puffer, Margaret Robin- son, Arthur Dana, and Dorothea Clark. Entered First National Bank, St. Johns- bury, 1870; appointed cashier of First National Bank, Chelsea, 1873; assistant cashier First National Bank, -St. Johns- bury, 1883; cashier 1886; treasurer of E. & T. Fairbanks & Co. 1893; secretary and director 1895; general manager 1911; novr holds these several offices in the company; director First National Bank since 1898; director, secretary, and treasurer of St. Johnsbury Electric Co. ; director and treas- urer of E. & T. Fairbanks & Co., Ltd., Sherbrooke, P. Q. Is a Republican; rep- resented St. Johnsbury in the Legislature 1894, Member of the Congregational Church. CLARK, OsMAN Dewey. Montpelier. Insurance. Born Montpelier, Nov. 26, 1855 ; son of John Wesley and Betsey Ann (Dewey) Clark. Educated in the Mont- pelier public schools, and Amherst College, class of 1876. In 1882 married Elizabeth DeWitt Atkins of Montpelier; they had two children, DeWitt Atkins and Bar- bara; in 1902 married Lucy Harriet Jacobs of Montpelier. Admitted to Ver- mont Bar 1879; practiced law and was trial justice, Montpelier, 1879-84; assist- ant secretary National Life Insurance Co. 1885-99; secretary since 1899; and a director of the company; bailiff, Montpel- ier, 1882-4; chief of fire department, 1890- 9- Was colonel 1st Vermont Volunteer Infantry, Spanish-American war. Is a Republican; member of Montpelier Re- publican Committee I88O-I90O; State Re- publican Committee 1900-2. Is an Epis- copalian; clerk of Christ Church Parish 1885-1906. Member of Aurora Lodge, King Solomon Chapter, Montpelier Coun- cil, Mt. Zion Commandery, Mt. Sinai Temple; member of Military Order of Foreign Wars, past commander of Com- mandery of Vermont and present deputy treasurer of National Commandery; mem- ber Sons of American Revolution and Loyal Legion ; past president Apollo Club ; member Montpelier Country Club; past president Vermont State Firemen's Asso- ciation; trustee of Wood Art Gallery and its secretary-treasurer. CLARKE, John Murray, Burlington. Physician. Born Concord, Sept. 21, 1846; son of Charles Chapman and Alice (Marsh) Clarke. Educated in public schools of Massachusetts, Green Moun- tain Institute, South Woodstock, Harvard Medical College, and University of Ver- mont Medical College, M. D. 1873. In 1874 married Julia Gleason of Hartford, Conn. ; they had three children, John Mur- ray (deceased), Julia G. (deceased), and Alice Gleason, wife of Edward P. Wood- bury of Burlington. Served as interne one year in city hospital at Hartford, Conn.; joined medical staff at the Brattleboro Asylum 1872 as second assistant physi- cian, the following year being promoted to first assistant superintendent, remain- ing there 10 years; 1882 removed to Bur- lington and established Lake View Sani- tarium for the treatment of nervous and mild mental diseases, continuing the insti- tution to 1904; since then has devoted his time and experience to consultation work in mental diseases. Is a Republican; al- derman four years; chairman of commis- sion to install city water filtration plant. Is a Unitarian; served on church commit- 150 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [CLAY tee six years. Member of all Masonic bodies; past master, past high priest, and past eminent commander; 32 degrees Scottish Rite; member of Cairo Temple, Mystic Shrine; president Vermont State Medical Society 1888. CLAY, George M., Brattleboro. In- surance. Born North Thetford, Aug. 4, 1869; son of Benjamin M. and Ellen (Heath) Clay. Graduated Brattleboro High School, 1888. In 1896 married Maud R. Brown of Brattleboro ; they have one daughter, Eleanor. Commenced busi- ness with F. K. Barrows, dry goods, 1886; entered employ of Pratt, Wright & Co., clothiers, upon graduation from high school; with Cumner, Jones & Co., whole- sale tailors' trimmings, Boston, October, 1889; at death of father, went to Brat- tleboro, with Emerson & Son, March, 1901 ; entered office Estey Organ Co., Bos- ton, Jan. 1, 1903 J traveling salesman for that concern two years later; Jan. 1, 1909, . entered office H. E. Taylor & Son, Brat- tleboro, as special agent National Life Insurance Co. ; bought insurance business from estate of C. F. R. Jenne, June 6, 1905. Is a Republican, a Congregation- alist, and deacon of Center Church, Brat- tleboro, since Jan. 1, I906. Member of all Brattleboro Masonic bodies, and Lodge of Perfection at Windsor; past master of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; generalissimo of Beauseant C-ommandery No. 7, K. T. ; member Wantastiquet Lodge No. 5, I. O. O. F. CLEAVES, Kendall Longfellow, Montpelier. Dental surgeon. Born Ad- dison, Me., Nov. 1, 1867; son of Benjamin P'ranklin and Angeline H. Cleaves. Grad- uated from Philadelphia Dental College 1890. In 1897 married Harriet Foster of East Montpelier ; they have three children, Kendall Foster, Paul Longefellow, and Katherine. Has practiced dentistry in Montpelier since 1891; dental examiner for 15 years; member of Vermont State Dental Society, its president in 1899; member Northeastern Dental Association. A Republican. Member of the Unitarian Church. Member of Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M.; King Solomon Chapter No. 7, R. A. M.; Montpelier Council No. 4, R. & S. M. ; Mt. Sinai Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine ; and the Apollo Club of Montpelier. CLIFT, Edwin Buxton, Fair Haven. Physician and surgeon. Born Middletown Springs, May 25, 1868; son of Crocker Josiah and Mary Jane (Buxton) CUft. Educated in the public schools, Troy Con- ference Academy, Middlebury College, 1890, and Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, 1900. In 1890 married Lou- ise H. Edgerton of Middlebury; they had two children, Helen Seymour and Sybil (deceased). Instructor in mathematics Black Hall School, Black Hall, Conn., 1 890-91 ; in mathematics and history, Cary Seminary, 1891-96; with W. A. Wells & Co., Muchakinock, la., 1896-7; physician Fair Haven since 19OO. A Democrat; candidate for town representative 1902; candidate for representative to Congress I9O8. Member of Protestant Episcopal Church. Member of Vermont Homeo- pathic Medical Society; American Insti- tute of Homeopathy; Union Lodge No. 2, F. &. A. M. of Middlebury; Eureka Chap- ter No. 30, R. A. M., of Fair Haven; Killington Commandery No. 6, K. T., of Rutland; Fair Haven Lodge No. 52, I. O. O. F. ; Prospect Grange of Fair Haven; and Green Mountain Camp No. 9535, Modern Woodmen of America. COBB, Luther A., Island Pond. Bank- er. Born Morgan; son of Ira L. and Mira (Lord) . Cobb. Educated in the pub- lic schools and St. Johnsbury Academy, graduate of the class of 1890. In 1890 was appointed bookkeeper in' the Island Pond National Bank, later becoming as- sistant cashier, then cashier, which posi- tion he still holds. Is a Republican; rep- resented Island Pond in the Legislature 1906; was appointed bank commissioner by Governor Bell in 1 904, and reappointed in 1906. In religious belief a Congrega- tionalist. Past master Island Pond Lodge No. 44, F. & A. M. COBLEIGH, Adna B., West Derby. Merchant. Born West Burke, July 8, 1877; son of Freedom S. and Laura (Beemis) Cobleigh. Educated at Derby Academy. In 1899 married Carrie B. De- land of Lyme, N. H. ; they have two chil- dren, Laura I. and Leota P.; worked as clerk in store at Thetford, 1893-7; bought a general store at West Derby, 1902; and has continued in business there to present time. Is a Republican; post- master at West Derby, 1902-6, and I910 COLBURN] MEN OF VERMONT 151 to date ; represented Derby in the Vermont Legislature I906; selectman since 19O8; member of Republican town committee 190i-6. In religious belief a Universalist. Member of Evening Star Lodge No. 39, I. O. O. F.; and West Derby Camp No. 11079j Modern Woodmen of America. COLBURN, Edgar Grant, Montpel- ier. Merchant. Born Marshfield, Feb. 9, 1864; son of Arthur T. and Susan W. (Batchelder) Colburn. Educated in the public schools. Married Fannie E. Brown of Lebanon, N. H.; they have one son, Elbert B. Engaged in farming until 1891 ; was foreman for John E. Hubbard four years ; clerk for O. D. Scribner, pork dealer, 12 years previous to 1907, when in partnership with E. J. Fallon he bought the business, which they have since con- ducted. Is a Republican. Member and deacon of the Congregational Church; su- perintendent of the Sunday-School four years. Member of the Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows. COLBURN, Zerah, Norwich. Arith- metical prodigy, minister and educator. Born Cabot, Sept. 1, 1804; son of Abia and Elizabeth (Hill) Colburn. Educated at Westminster school, England; the Royal College, Paris; and the University of Vermont. In 1829 married Mary Hoyt of Hartford. Had five daughters and one son. Miss Jane Colburn of Concord, N. H., the only survivor. When six years old he was surprisingly gifted as an arith- metical calculator. Was exhibited in Ver- mont, and later went on an extended tour. At Hanover, N. H., President Wheelock of Dartmouth College offered to educate him. In Boston problems were answered sooner than could be done on paper. He found the number of seconds in 2,000 years, and the number of times a clock would strike in 2,000 years making 156 strokes each day. Told the number of kernels of corn in a field on being given the number of acres, rows, hills, ears and kernels on an ear. Is reported to have answered in four seconds the number of seconds in eleven years. He extracted square and cube roots with ease. His work on occasions of exhibition was done entirely by mental process. Some Bos- tonians talked of raising $5,000 for his education, but the plan fell through. In Philadelphia Rembrandt Peele painted a portrait of him. Visited Washington, and on the way back with considerable money derived from exhibitions, the father, by a timely discovery, averted a plan to rob him at a New York inn. Re- turning to Vermont, stayed a brief time, left $500 with his wife, and then traveled in other states. In 1812 they began a voyage of 38 days to England, with let- ters of introduction from ex-Gov. Gerry of Massachusetts, Hon. Rufus King and others. The boy's reputation had preceded him. Many wished to see for themselves. The philanthropist, Wm. Wilberforce, showed a personal interest in his moral welfare. Many persons of rank and learn- ing called to see him. Among them were the Bishop of Oxford, the Duke of Glou- cester, the Earl of Aberdeen, the Prin- cess Charlotte with her tutor, and Sir Humphrey Davy. He jgave public exhi- bitions. Asked to square 888.888, he gave the correct result in twelve figures, and then multiplied this product by 49. His most remarkable power seemed to be in factoring. He would give all the factors of some large numbers. Asked to factor 36.083 he at once said it was a prime number. Given a certain number of ten figures, which had baffled some good math- ematicians, he found mentally the only two factors which it had, being 641 and 6.700.417. His calculations combined great rapidity, accuracy, peculiar methods, unfailing memory and an intuitive power in some operations, which he could not impart or explain. Sometimes, when do- ing his most difficult tasks, he, like the Royalton boy prodigy, Truman H. Saf- ford, would go through bodily contor- tions, though not himself realizing any mental strain. In visits to Scotland and Ireland men of science were attracted. In 1814 a private tutor was engaged. Taken from London to Paris, a French tutor was employed for a few months. The boy was examined before members of the French Institute, the astronomer. La Place, being present. Dr. Gall, the phre- nologist, desired to make a plaster cast of his face. Count Guizot mentioned him with commendation in his Annals of Edu- cation. Washington Irving, then in Paris, proved to be a good friend, and promoted his education and advancement. He was admitted to the Royal College May 30, 1815. Napoleon desired to meet him, but the battle of Waterloo prevented. In 152 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMOXT BIOGBAPHY [COLE 1816 Zerah's father took him back to Lon- don. There their livelihood had been ob- tained partly from public exhibitions, the sale of engraved portraits and the patron- age of wealthy people. Advance subscrip- tions had also been obtained for a pro- posed memoir of the boy and his achieve- ments. Their pecuniary condition on their return was precarious; but fortunately they made the acquaintance of the good and generous Earl of Bristol, who proved to be one of the best friends Zerah ever had. He sent him to the old Westminster school with a view to give him a full course. He remained there three years, and his standing was excellent. He had a tutor for two vacations. He quit the school May, 1819, very grateful for what had been done for him, but unwilling to accept a new plan of the Earl to continue his education under a tutor, whom he had considered harsh and unreasonable. He next studied for the stage, and acted in some plays. In 1821-2 he was a school teacher. In 1823 he studied under Dr. Thomas Young, secretary of the Board of Longitude; became his associate in 1824, and made astronomical calculations, a position which afforded scope for the useful exercise of his special talent. Soon thereafter his father died, and the young- man sailed for New York, after an ab- sence of more than 12 years. On meeting his mother at Cabot they did not know one another. In January, 1823, he went to Burlington, where he received pupils in French, and was a student in the Uni- versity of Vermont; became a member of the Methodist Church, and preached in Vermont towns about nine years. He is said to have been a preacher of eloquence, depth and power. In 1835 he became pro- fessor of languages in Norwich Univer- sity, in which occupation his last years were spent. He died of consumption, March 2, 1839, and was buried in Nor- wich Centre. He has often been con- founded with Warren Colburn (1793- 1833), the author of the well-known "In- tellectual Arithmetic." They are not known to have been related. Zerah Col- burn never published an arithmetic, though in his autobiography (Springfield, Mass., 1833) he made known in part his methods. Years after his public demon- strations he declared that his faculty in numbers never left him, though require- ing more time when out of practice. He was an honorary member of the Society of United Fraternity of Dartmouth Col- lege. [Contributed by Rev. Franklin W. Bartlett, D. D., Rockport, Mass.] COLE, Leonard Townsend, Morris- town. Educator and clergyman. Born Pulaski, Mich., Jan. 22, 1855; son of Archibald Lament and Mary Ann (Towns- end) Cole; descended on both sides from soldiers of the American Revolution; and his father was killed at an assault on Petersburg, Va., in 1864. Educated at Pike Seminary, Pike, N. Y. ; State Normal and Training School, Brockport, N. Y. ; Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y. ; Il- linois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, 111. ; Middlebury College ; degrees of Ph. B. and A. M., the latter for postgraduate work. In 1881 married Hattie Claire Mills of Hamilton, N. Y., who died 1885; they had one son, Archibald Lamont Clin- ton; in 1886 married Mary Ella Evans of Stafford, N. Y. ; they had four chil- dren, William James, Lillian Townsend, George Evans (deceased), and Mary EUa. Began teaching when 18 years of age; was principal of high schools and acade- mies in New York state 20 years; in 1883 was U. S. mail clerk New York and Chi- cago railway post-office; county school commissioner Lewis County, N. Y., three years; in 1905 bought farm in Morris- town, spending summer vacations there; supervising principal high and graded schools, Hamilton, N. D., four years; principal New Rockford Collegiate Insti- tute, New Rockford, N. D., one year; since 1910 superintendent of schools La- moille Union, comprising the towns of Elmore, Morristown, and Stowe. Entered the Northern New York Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, being or- dained 1893; pastor of Methodist and Con- gregational churches at South Canton and Crary Mills, N. Y., 1888-93; Methodist churches Harrisville and Natural Bridge, N. Y., 1893-5; joined the Presbyterian Church 1895; pastor Presbyterian and Congregational churches Brasher Falls and Winthrop, N. Y., 1895-1901; Hannawa Falls and Crary Mills, N. Y., 1901-3; Evans Mills, N. Y., 1904-5; and has sup- plied Congregational churches in Stowe, Johnson, and Wolcott since 1910. Most of this pastoral work was carried on in connection with his educational work. Since his youth has written for the press COOK] MEN OF VERMONT 153 on political, educational, and religious top- ics; is a regular contributor of the West- land Educator; author of "The Develop- ment and Practical Work of the United States Government," now being recast as a school text-book on civics; also wrote "Elements in the Life and Legacy of the Greeks," and "Elements in the Life and Legacy of the Romans," now being worked over into text-books; has published "Pes- talozzi and his Principles of Education," and "Methods of Teaching in the Public Schools, the Old and the New"; 12 of his recommendations have been incorporated into the school laws of the state of New York; has delivered frequent lectures and addresses. Member of the Sons of Vet- erans, and chaplain of the New York di- vision 1886; member of the Patrons of Husbandry; the Masons; the Eastern Star; the Odd Fellows; the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity ; was president of Lewis County, N. Y., Teachers' Association; president of Gamma Sigma fraternity 1876; director of the New York State Teachers' Reading Circle 1885-6; is mem- ber of New York, North Dakota, and Vermont educational associations; vice- president of the Lamoille Valley Educa- tional Association; member of the School- masters' Club of Vermont; the School Su- perintendents' Association of Vermont; and the National Education Association. COMBS, Byron H., East Berkshire. Live stock dealer. Born Richford, June 17, 185S; son of Reuben and Harriet (Farrar) Combs. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Richford. In 1878 married Addie Chamberlain of Stowe, who died in 1887; they had two children, Bernie F. and Addie R. ; in 1896 married Mary Chamberlain Farrar of Stowe, who died 1912. Followed farming previous to the age of 28, when he began buying live stock in a small way which he has enlarged and continued to the present time; removed to East Berkshire and purchased several farms devoted to dairying and maple sugar making. In 1905 built a small creamery, and in 1910 a larger one, con- ducting both to date, making about 25,000 pounds of butter weekly, besides cream, etc. ; is an extensive dealer in Western horses; is one of the largest dairymen in the state; owns nine large farms, keeping 400 cows besides other stock, and taps 130,000 maple trees. Is a firm believer in the value of Vermont farms, with near- by markets for produce, and the advan- tages offered to the farmer as compared to those in the Western states. A Re- publican; represented East Berkshire in the Legislature 1898; senator from Frank- lin County 1902, and held various other town offices. An attendant of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, and member of the Grange. CONLIN, Henry, Winooski. Lawyer. Born Milton, June 25, 1867; son of Owen and Jane (Clinton) Conlin. Educated in public schools and by private tutor. In 1902 married Esther Agnes Welch of Winooski ; they have one son, Henry Clin- ton. Was principal Winooski High and Graded Schools seven years; superinten- dent of schools for village of Winooski since 1903. Is a Democrat; secretary and treasurer Democratic State Committee 1902-9; represented Colchester in the Legislature 1896 and 1898. Chairman of the board of selectmen ; clerk of the village of Winooski for nine years; a director Champlain Trust Company since its or- ganization 1907; treasurer of Winooski Free Library since 1907; appointed judge of Winooski Municipal Court by Governor Prouty, and reappointed by Governor Mead for term ending 1912. Is a Roman Catholic. A member of Vermont Bar As- sociation; Chittenden County Bar Asso- ciation; master of fourth degree Knights of Columbus of Vermont. COOK, Edgar R., Barton. Coal and lumber dealer. Born Craftsbury; son of Emery and Calista (Record) Cook. Edu- cated in the public schools. In I9O8 mar- ried Mabel L. Gay of Barton; they have one son, Howard L. Owned and operated a large farm until 1903; then moved to Barton village and bought the coal and lumber business of C. W. Tenney, adding to it a line of doors, windows, mouldings, house finishings, pulp plaster, clapboards, shingles, roofing, and brick ; agent for Buf- falo, Bowker's and Lister's fertilizers. Is a Republican; elected first constable in 1904 and 1905; lister 1905; and selectman in 1911- Member of the Methodist Church; steward, and has been superintendent of the Sunday school for five years. Mem- ber of Orleans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M.; and Crystal Lake Grange No. 411. 154 ENCrCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [COOK COOK, Edwin A., Lyndonville. Law- yer. Born Glover, Nov. 19, 1856; son of Amos and Sarah (Norton) Cook. Edu- cated in the public schools, Orleans Lib- eral Institute, and St. Johnsbury Acad- emy. In 1885 married Carrie A. Morse of Glover. Studied law with Hon. F. W. Baldwin, Barton, and Judge L. H. Thomp- son of Irasburg; admitted to the Vermont Bar 1884; practiced law in Glover about six years, removing to Newport, where he practiced alone five years, and was one of the firm of Cook & Richmond two years, and of Cook & Williams ten years. In 1909 came to Lyndonville, engaging in practice with H. A. Norton under the firm name of Cook & Norton. Is a Republi- can. States attorney for Orleans Coimty 1904.-8. COOLEY, Neil Vinton, Montpelier. Factory foreman. Born Stowe, July 31, 1 870 ; son of William A. and Fanny (Luce) Cooley. Educated in the public schools. In 1 898 married Delia B. Wiggins of Mid- dlesex; they have one daughter, Clara E. Lived on a farm previous to 1891, when he was employed in the mill of C. C. Putnam & Son until 1893; foreman for Medad Wright & Son 1893-7; carpenter and builder 1897-1906; since I9O6 factory foreman for U. S. Clothes-pin Co. An attendant of the Unitarian Church. Mem- ber of the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows, and Mechanics or Green Mountain Council of Montpelier, No. 9- COPELAND, OsMON Baker, Ran- dolph. Banker. Born Waitsfield, Feb. 11, 1853; son of Andrew J. and Nancy J. (Goodrich) Copeland.. Educated at Derby Academy and Montpelier Seminary. In 1875 married Kate A. Applebee of Lit- tleton, N. H. ; they have one son, Fred O. Was cashier Pemigewasset National Bank, Plymouth, N. H., 1881-6; secretary Win- ner Investment Company, Kansas City, Mo., 1889-98; cashier National Bank of Orange County, Chelsea, 1893-6; cashier Randolph National Bank since 1896. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Meth- odist. CORRY, Frank McMahon, Montpel- ier. Merchant and banker. Born Mont- pelier, Sept. 15, 1855; son of Patrick and Mary Corry. Educated at Montpelier Grammar School. Married Margaret Cot- ter; they have four children, William F., Florence E., Frank C, and Ruth A. When a young man opened a small fruit, vege- table and fish market, which he still con- ducts. Is president First National Bank of Montpelier; Corry-Deavitt-Frost Elec- tric Co.; Barre and Montpelier Traction and Power Co.; Wetmore & Morse Gran- ite Co.; vice-president Union Block Co.; director American Fidelity Co. Is a Re- publican; has represented Montpelier in the Legislature; senator from Washington County; and mayor of Montpelier three terms. Is a Roman Catholic; member Catholic Order of Foresters, Knights of Columbus, the Apollo Club, and Mont- pelier Country Club. COTA, Charles Henry, St. Albans. Deputy collector of customs. Born Montreal, P. Q., Sept. 29, 1849; son of Ezeb and Mary (Nelson) Cota. Edu- cated in the public schools. Married Martha Ann SomerS of Burlington; they have two children, William J., of Bur- lington, and Anna Bell of New York City. At Cambridge, Aug. 18, 1864, en- listed in Co. B, 1st Vermont Cavalry, participating in engagements at the Ope- quan. Front Royal, Tom's Brook, Cedar Creek, Middle Road, Waynesboro, Five Forks, Namozine Church, and Appomat- tox Station; discharged from service at Burlington June 21, 1865. A Democrat; deputy collector of U. S. customs since Dec. 1, 1895. An Episcopalian. Mem- ber Franklin Lodge No. 4, F. & A. M., and Champlain Chaptier, R. A. M. COVELL, Arthur E., Berlin. Farmer and lumberman. Born Berlin, Aug. 22, 1870; son of Stephen H. and Mary J. (Poor) Covell. Educated at Berlin pub- lic schools and Montpelier Seminary. In 1910 married Clemmie Leone Sawyer of Northfield. For five years had charge of the independent telephone system in Montpelier, Northfield and adjacent towns, serving that length of time as a director in the Orange County Telephone Co. Was for three years member of Ver- mont National Guard. Is a Republican; represented Berlin in the Legislature 1904; elected selectman for nine consecu- tive years, 1899-1907; overseer of the poor 1903-10. Member of the Grange; Clan Gordon No. 12, Order of Scottish Clans; New England Order of Protec- CRAIGIE] MEN OF VERMONT 155 tion; Montpelier Lodge, Knights of Py- thias; and Suadah Temple No. 140, Dra- matic Order of Knights of Khorassan. COWAN, Garnet C, Groton. Dental surgeon. Born Lingwick, P. Q., Nov. 25, 1875; son of Randal Y. and Sarah (Young) Cowan. Educated at Gould Model School, Quebec; Peacham Academy, class of 1901, and Medico-Chirurgical Col- lege, Philadelphia, Pa., graduating in den- tal surgery 1904. In 1907 married The- resa B. Darling of South Ryegate. Has been engaged in the practice of dentistry in Groton since 1905. A member of the Episcopal Church. Member of Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M., Wells River; Mt. Lebanon R. A. Chapter No. 13, Brad- ford; past chancellor Caledonian Lodge No. 15, K. P.; member of Groton Camp No. 8514, M. W. A., of Groton, and Cale- donian Forest and Stream Club. COWLES, Clarence Porter, Burling- ton. Lawyer. Born Albany, Aug. 30, 1875; son of Madison and Mary (Hovey) Cowles. Educated at Albany public schools, Craftsbury Academy, St. Johns- bury Academy, class of 1894, Princeton University, class of 1898, A. B. (M. A. in 1901), and New York Law School, class of 1901, LL. B. In 1905 married Laura E. Golden of Minneapolis, Minn. ; they have three sons, Laurence Golden, Richard Hovey, and John Todd. Ad- mitted to New York Bar 1901; was for two years managing clerk in law offices of Alexander & Colby, New York City; came to Burlington in 1 908 ; admitted to Vermont Bar, January term, 1904; the same year formed a law partnership with Sherman B. Moulton under firm name of Cowles & Moulton; in 191I Jos. T. Stearns was taken into the partnership, and in 1912 Mr. Moulton withdrew, the firm now being Cowles & Stearns. Is a Republican; alderman since 1909- Mem- ber of College Street Congregational Church. Member of Meridian Sun Lodge No. 20, F. & A. M., of Craftsbury. COWLES, Dei^nison, Brattleboro. Merchant. Born Westfield, Mass., Aug. 27, 1864; son of Rodney C and Eliza P. (Kellogg) Cowles. Educated in the pub- lic schools. In 1897 married Lucie I. Brackett of Brattleboro; they have two children, Adele Adelaide and Dennison Brackett. Engaged in farming until 1884, when he was employed in a hard- ware store in Westfield; in 1890 came to Brattleboro, and in partnership with Charles O. Bobbins opened a hardware store, which they have since conducted un- der the firm name of Robbins & Cowles. Is a Republican. President of the Board of Trade. A Congregationalist. Past master of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M., and district deputy grand master of 8th Masonic District 1 900-1; member of Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Red Men, and Vermont Wheel Club. COWLES, Pliny Jefferson, Burling- ton. Accountant and book-keeper. Born Albany, Feb. 11, I86I; son of Jefferson and Orrel F. (Johnson) Cowles. Edu- cated at Albany village school, and East- man Business College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In 1885 married Lilla I. Morse of Derby; they have one daughter, Evelyn M. Began business life as clerk and as- sistant postmaster at St. Johnsbury, where he; remained eight years ; later passed the civil service examination and entered the customs service, being located at Richford four years under Collector G. G. Bene- dict; from Richford went to Hardwick, where he organized the Savings Bank and Trust Co. of which he was treasurer five years; removed to Burlington, and was state cashier for the Equitable Life As- surance Society for four years; has made a specialty of office work and accounting, working in the office of the American M'^oolen Co. about four years; is now office manager for George D. Jarvis & Son. A Republican. A Methodist. Past chan- cellor commander of Union Lodge, K. P., of Hardwick; grand chancellor of Domain of Vermont one term, and representative to Supreme Lodge, Knights of Pythias; member of Masonic fraternity. CRAIGIE, James, South Ryegate. Granite dealer. Born Leeds, P. Q., Oct. 20, 1865; son of William and Marguerite (Craigie) Craigie. Educated at Leeds Model School. In 1903 married Leola M. Carpenter of South Ryegate; they have one son, Wendell C. Began the work of farming at an early age; in 1888-93 em- ployed by E. and T. Fairbanks & Co., St. Johnsbury ; in 1 893 removed to South Bye- gate, taking up the granite business which he has since conducted; in 1905 purchased 156 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [CEAMTON the Caledonia Park and built a large gran- ite shed. Enlisted March 20, 1899, at Boston in the 6th U. S. Artillery, went to San Francisco, Cal., to Honolulu, April 18, 1899, where he was on garrison duty; Nov. 30, 1899, went to Philippine Islands on guard duty; participated in several ex- peditions against insurgents in Bataan Province, which culminated in the surren- der of insurgent forces under General Mescardo. Was in the service until Oct. 20, 1902, when his enlistment expired; promoted to corporal, March 17, and ser- geant, Oct. 12, 1901. Is a Republican; deputy sheriff two years; constable eight years; tax collector one year; fish and game warden two years ; trustee of the vil- lage of South Ryegate. Member of the First Presbyterian Church of South Rye- gate and member of the Brotherhood of the church. Member of the Masonic fra- ternity, and chief forester of the Modern Woodmen of America. CRAMTON, Charles A., St. Johnsbury. Physician and surgeon. Born Winooski, July 1, 1872; son of Dr. J. O. and Char- lotte E. (Ward) Cramton, now deceased. Educated at University of Vermont, med- ical department, class of 1 893 ; New York Eye and Ear Infirmary; Royal Ophthal- mic Hospital, (Moorfield), and St. Thom- as's Hospital, London, England; Hopital Lariboisiere, Paris ; and University of Vi- enna. In 1896 married Gertrude Howe of St. Johnsbury; they have three chil- dren, Gertrude, Edward Allen, and Mar- jory. Practicing physician in St. Johns- bury, being a specialist in diseases of the eye, ear, nose, and throat ; is ophthalmolo- gist and laryngologist Brightlook and St. Johnsbury Hospitals; also Morrison's Hospital, Whitefield, N. H. ; expert ex- aminer eye and ear U. S. Pension Bureau; house surgeon Mary Fletcher Hospital, Burlington, 1893-4; vice-president Bright- look Hospital Association; member of Caledonia County and Vermont State Med- ical Societies. A Republican. Member of the Episcopal Church. Member of Passumpsic Lodge No. 27, F. & A. M.; Haswell Chapter No. 11, R. A. M.; Cale- donia Council No. 13, R. & S. M. ; Pales- tine Commandery No. 5, Knights Tem- plar; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Knights of Pythias. CRANDALL, Charles Hayden, Bur- lington. Architect. Born Norwich, May 2, 1870; son of William Nelson and Ann Roxana (Hayden) Crandall. Educated in the public schools of Norwich and Miss Sherman's private school. In 1897 mar- ried Clara Alice Burke of Royalton; they have three children, Maurice Charles, Ber- nice Clara, and Wallace Gifford. At age of 18 left the farm and engaged in car- pentry, continuing six years; studied ar- chitecture with Louis Sheldon Newton of Hartford; in 1896 designed and superin- tended the Lake Mitchell club house, at Sharon, later designing and superintend- ing valuable work at Hanover, N. H., and Woodstock, and worked through the con- struction of some of the largest buildings for Dartmouth College. Located at Bur- lington 1905, since which many worthy public and private structures in Vermont and New Hampshire have been designed by him, among the latest being the Ran- dolph High School and Lancaster Congre- gational Church. A Republican; a Con- gregationalist, and a Mason. CRANE, Ephraim Hitchcock, Brat- tleboro. Printer and publisher. Born Hyde Park, Jan. 29, 1876; son of Ed- ward C. and Mary (Thomas) Crane. Educated at Manchester, N. H., public schools; Black River Academy, Ludlow; Dartmouth College, 1898. In 1903 mar- ried Mary E. Mastin of St. Johnsbury; they have two daughters, Elizabeth Mas- tin and Mary Hitchcock. He was pro- prietor Vermont Tribune, Ludlow, 1899- 1905; treasurer and manager Vermont Printing Co. (Brattleboro Reformer) 1903 to date; business has quadrupled and now employs 50 persons. Mr. Crane is an independent Republican; a Congregation- alist. Trustee Brooks Free Library. Member Delta Kappa Epsilon Frater- nity; Sphinx Club of Dartmouth Col- lege; Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M. ; Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T.; and Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine. CROCKETT, Walter Hill, Montpel- ier. Editor. 'Born Colchester, June 26, 1870; son of Charles W. and Martha (Hill) Crockett. Educated in the pub- lic schools, and Mount Hermon School, CROSBY] JIEN OF VERMONT 157 Mt. Hermon^ Mass. In 1902 married Kate M. Chamberlain of Swanton; they have two children, Eleanor Alice and Charles Newton. Was assistant night editor Burlington Free Press 1895-1901; telegraph editor St. Albans Messenger, 1901-9; and has been managing editor Montpelier Morning Journal since 1909. Is author of "A History of Lake Cham- plain/' published by Hobart J. Shanley & Co., 1909. Is a Republican. Was ap- pointed member Vermont Lake Champlain Tercentenary Commission by Governor Proctor, and reappointed by Governor Prouty and Governor Mead. Is a Con- gregationalist ; a former president of the Western Vermont Congregational Club; secretary of Vermont Society Sons of American Revolution; member of Vermont Historical Society and Vermont Press Association. CROFT, Allen P., Enosburg Falls. Farmer. Born West Enosburg, July 1, 1854; son of Joseph B. and Parmelia (Buck) Croft. Educated in the public schools of Enosburg. In 1875 married Elizabeth M. Hendrick of West Enos- burg; they have four children, Eva May, Leonard Hendrick, Winifred Gertrude, and Mildred Lena. Has always engaged in farming. Is a Republican; represented Enosburg in the Legislature 1910; select- man four years; first selectman 1890-1; lister in 1897. A Methodist; steward of the church. Member of the Grange, for- merly overseer; member Lincoln Lodge No. 78, F. & A. M., of Enosburg Falls. CROMBIE, William Augustus, New York City. Born New Boston, N. H., April 20, 1844; son of Samuel Coolidge and Susan Augusta (Choate) Crombie. At six years of age his parents moved to Nashua, N. H. ; educated at Pinkerton Academy, Derry, N. H., and at Nashua (N. H.) High School. In 1868 married Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Orlando Dana and Mary Jane (Witherbee) Mur- ray, of Nashua, N. H., who died in New York, March 7, 1907. They had three children, William Murray, and Arthur Choate, graduates of University of Ver- mont, and Maude Elizabeth, all born at Burlington. At age of 16 entered the freight department of the Boston, Lowell & Nashua R. R. Co., working his way up through the several grades to the posi- tion of cashier. After an experience of four years went to Burlington and en- gaged in the lumber business with Mr. Lawrence Barnes. In 1869 Mr. Barnes disposed of his interest to a new organi- zation known as Shepard, Davis & Co.; in 1876 this firm was succeeded by the Shepard & Morse Lumber Co., in which Mr. Crombie was a large owner and local manager. While in Burlington was largely interested in local business, and gave a great deal of his time and money to the business of the Burlington Shade Roller Co., Porter Manufacturing Co., Baldwin Refrigerator Co., and other in- dustries. A Republican; was twice elected mayor of Burlington, and in 1890 was appointed colonel on the staff of Gov. E. J. Ormsbee. Since 1894 has been located in New York City, where he is conduct- ing a wholesale lumber business in part- nership with his sons, William Murray and Arthur Choate Crombie. For a num- ber of years was prominently connected with New York City and State politics, being the Republican leader of what was then the 19th Assembly District in New York City, which carried with it an ex- ecutive membership in the Republican county committee. Is a member of the Union League Club; Lumbermen's Club of New York City; West Side Republi- can Club; Empire State Society Sons of American Revolution; Vermont Society of New York City; Lake Champlain Asso- ciation, and Merchants' Association of New York City. Office, 81 New Street; residence, Bretton Hall, Broadway and Eighty-sixth Street. CROSBY, Allyjt Jones, Springfield. Superintendent of Springfield Electric Railway Co. Born Brattleboro, Feb. 7, 1 874 ; son of Edward Chandler and Emma Frances (Wyman) Crosby. Educated at Brattleboro High School, and Dartmouth College. In 1897 married Maude Stan- dish Coudray of Wethersfield, Conn.; they have one daughter, Alene Maude. Has for 15 years held his present posi- tion as director and superintendent of Springfield Electric Railway Co.; treas- urer of Cheshire Bridge Corporation. A Republican; justice of the peace six years; clerk of municipal court 1911; president of Springfield Agricultural Society 1905- 158 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [CROSBY 10; president of board of trade 1909; vice- president from Vermont of the New Eng- land Street Railway Club, 1911-12. CROSBY, Edward C, Brattleboro. Contractor. Born Marlboro, July 7, 1846; son of Edward and Betsey L. (Jones) Crosby. Educated at Brattle- boro High School and Springfield Sem- inary. In 1868 married Emma F. Wyman of Brattleboro; they have eight children, Henry H., Helen M., Frank W., Edna S., Fred C, Thomas W., Allyn J., and Ed- ward B. Member of commission firm of E. Crosby & Co., grain and flour dealers, Brattleboro 1 864-97 ; is engaged in electric railway, water works, and general con- crete construction 1897-1910; has large in- terests in Connecticut Valley Street Bail- way of Massachusetts, and Springfield Electric Railway of Vermont; chairman board of directors of the Massachusetts company, and president of the Vermont company. Is a Republican; for four years chairman board of bailiffs, Brattleboro. A Congregationalist ; member church com- mittee and president Sunday school. Cen- ter Church, Brattleboro. CROSS, Charles Harrison, late of Montpelier. Baker and confectioner. Born in Sanbornton, N. H., Feb. 12, 1812; died in Montpelier, Sept. 12, 1905. Educated in the public schools. In 1834 married Caroline Webster Houston, who died in 1893; they had five children, George Henry of St. Johnsbury, Parthenia C. (de- ceased), Lewis Bart, late of Montpelier, Oscar N. (deceased), and Maria (de- ceased). Mr. Cross was the pioneer baker of Vermont, learning the baker's trade with his brother, Timothy Cross, in New Hamp- shire, and locating in Montpelier in 1828, where he conducted business alone for 20 years, and for nearly 50 years with his son, L. Bart Cross, under the firm name of C. H. Cross & Son. He was a Repub- lican and a Methodist. CROSS, Charles Herbert, Boston, Mass. Shoe manufacturer. Born Mont- pelier, Aug. 30, 1867; son of L. Bart and Lucia Ann (Chaplin) Cross. Educated at Montpelier schools and Bryant & Strat- ton's Commercial School, Boston. In 1895 married Florence Clark of Cambridge, Mass. Connected with Boston Safe De- posit and Trust Co., for seven years; as- sociated with E. J. Bliss of Boston, en- gaged in the manufacture of shoes under firm name of The Regal Shoe Company, continuing one year, when L. C. Bliss, father of E. J. Bliss, was admitted to partnership in the business; since which time have been entire owners of the busi- ness. Was for 12 years member of the 1st Corps of Boston Cadets. A Republi- can. Member of Masonic Fraternity, In- dependent Order of Odd Fellows, and several clubs. Office, 268 Summer St., Boston, Mass.; residence, 45 Selkirk Road, Brookline, Mass. CROSS, George Henry, St. Johnsbury. Baker and confectioner. Born Concord, N. H., Feb. 6, 1836; son of Charles Har- rison and Caroline (Houston) Cross. Educated at Washington County Grammar School, Montpelier. In 1862 married El- len Matthews of Fort Covington, N. Y. ; they had three children, Charles (de- ceased), Harry Matthews (deceased), and Jennie Pathenia (wife of Dr. J. F. Trull, Biddeford, Me.). After leaving school en- tered his father's employ as an apprentice in the bakery and confectionery business. In I860 he went to Fort Covington, N. Y., where he engaged in business for himself; later came to St. Johnsbury, and in May, 1867, purchased the bakery of Wm. P. Fairbanks, where he has built up a most successful business. Is a Republican. Member and deacon of the North Con- gregational Church. Director in Mer- chailts National Bank, St. Johnsbury. CROSS, Joel Bradley, Highgate Cen- ter. Retired merchant. Born Highgate, July 14, 1821; son of Nathan and Betsey (Hammond) Cross. Educated at High- gate public schools, and Enosburg Center Academy. In 1850 married Elizabeth B. Dillon of Burlington, who died in 1892; they had three children, Lizzie A. (Mrs. Olds, deceased), Frank B. of Highgate Center, and Fred W. of North Platte, Neb. Began business life as clerk in Highgate and Swanton; in 1846 removed to Du- buque, la., traveling by way of Lake Champlain, Erie Canal, the great lakes, and by stage coach from Chicago to Du- buque, there being no railroad nearer Chi- cago than Marshall, Mich; remained in Dubuque two years, returning East in 1848; engaged in general mercantile busi- ness in Bakersfield, and later in East CEOWELL] MEN OF VERMONT 159 Highgate; in 1864( purchased store at Highgate Center where he was in business for over 40 years; at the age of 90 years is still active; went to California for the winter 1910; spends part of each year in Nebraska and Colorado. A Republican; has held many town and county offices; was postmaster 12 vears. CROSS, Lewis Bartlett, Montpelier. Retired baker and confectioner. Born Montpelier, Aug. 9, 1839; son of Charles Harrison and Caroline Webster (Houston) Cross. Educated in the public schools, and Fort Edward and Newbury Semin- aries. In 1862 married Lucia A. Chaplin of Wells River, who died 1903; they had two children, Carrie and Charles H. In 1858 entered his father's bakery as an apprentice, serving three years; was the second man in Montpelier to be enrolled for service in the Civil War, but owing to illness was not mustered in; later was appointed sutler of 3rd Vermont Regi- ment, serving one year; in 1863 engaged in business with his father under the firm name of C. H. Cross & Son, continuing until 1898, when his father retired from the firm; in 1908 sold this business to F. A. Hayden and G. L. Edson. Is a Republican; has held many town, village, and city offices; represented Montpelier in the Legislature 1890, serving on ways and means and bank committees; delegate Republican national convention 1880; Na- tional Republican League convention 1889 and 1906; presidential elector and vote- bearer 1896-7; for 24 years member first congressional district committee; and has attended every Republican state conven- tion since 1864. Is trustee and vice- president Montpelier Savings Bank and Trust Co.; president and trustee Wood Art Gallery; president board of commis- sioners Green Mountain Cemetery. CROSSETT, James Edward, Dux- bury. Farmer and lumberman. Born Duxbury, Dec. 6, 1854; son of Janus and Euretta Rachael (Crosby) Crossett. Edu- cated in the public schools of Duxbury. In 1874 married Mary Jane McMuUen of Duxbury; they have one daughter, Te- nie Mae (Mrs. Philip Shonio of Dux- bury). A farmer; manufacturer of lum- ber, box shooks, and chair stock; in the lumber business 38 years. A Republican; selectman 17 years, chairman of the board IS years; justice of the peace two years; represented Duxbury in the Legislature 1890, and at the extra session 1891; lib- eral in his religious convictions. CROWELL, Christie Burnham, Brat- tleboro. Manager Brattleboro Water Works Co. Born Brattleboro, Jan. 24, 1873; son of George Emerson and Mary (Spencer) Crowell. Educated at Brattleboro public schools and Mt. Hermon School, gradu- ated 1894. In 1898 married Louisa W. Van Arsdale of Hackensack, N. J., who died 1899; in 1903 married Elsinore Rob- inson of Benicia, Cal. ; they have one son, George Alexander. Associated with his father in management of real estate and other interests ; manager of Brattleboro Water Works Company for past 10 years. A surveyor. An independent Republi- can. Active member of the First Baptist Church. Past master of Columbian Lodge, F. & A. M. ; high priest Fort Dummer Chapter; member Connecticut Valley Council; Beauseant Commandery, K. T. ; Windsor Lodge of Perfection, Ancient Ac- cepted Scottish Rite; J. W. Roby Council, Princes of Jerusalem; Delta Chapter Rose Croix, and Vermont Consistory; member of Grand Chapter; also of Wantastiquet Lodge and Oasis Encampment, I. O. O. F., of Brattleboro; Vermont Wheel Club, and Brattleboro Board of Trade. CROWELL, George Emerson, Brat- tleboro. Retired publisher. Born Manches- ter-by-the-Sea, Mass., Sept. 29, 1 834 ; son of Nathaniel and Esther S. (Day) Crow- ell. Educated in the district schools of Hopkinton, N. H. In 1872 married Mary Spencer of Wilmington ; they have had five children, Christie Burnham, Herbert Spen- cer, Ralph W., Esther Louise, and Percy v., the first and last two are not living. Left school when 13; followed farming until 1866, when he came to Brattleboro and edited the Vermont Record and Farm- er until 1868, when, with Daniel L. Mil- likin, established The Household; later purchased Millikin's interest and continued publication till 1890, when he sold out and it was moved to Boston. Purchased a tract of 150 acres of land in Brattleboro village in 1880, developing it for residen- tial purposes; developed several small springs into the present village water sup- ply, Brattleboro Water Works Co., with storage capacity of 200,000,000 gallons; 160 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [CULVER president Carpenter Organ Co.; director Brattleboro Home for Aged and Disabled ; corporator in the Vermont and the Brat- tleboro Savings Banks. Enlisted in l6th Xew Hampshire Infantry, serving nine months. Independent Republican; mem- ber First Church. CULVER, Frank Munhoe, Hyde Park. Banker. Born Stowe, May 29} 1879; son of George M. and Ida (Robin- son) Culver. Educated at Stowe High School and St. Johnsbury Academy. In 1902 married Mabel S. Godfrey of Stowe. Was teller Lamoille County Savings Bank and Trust Co., Hyde Park, 1904-6; treas- urer since 1906. Is a Republican. Has been treasurer of Hyde Park Village since 1906. Treasurer of Second Congrega- tionalist Church since 19O8. A member of Mystic Lodge No. 56, F. &. A. M.; has been junior warden and senior warden. COMINGS, E. WiLMOT, Barre. Job printer. Born Palmyra, N. Y., Nov. 8, 1847; son of Horace and Lucy Gibson (Thompson) Cumings. Educated at Pal- myra Union School; Hamilton College, A. B. 1871; Union Theological Seminary, class of 1874. In 1874 married Annie M. Smith of Greenport, L. I.; they have three daughters, Lucy Frances (Mrs. J. L. Thorpe), Susan Ellsworth (Mrs. R. E. Wales), and Metta Belle (Mrs. William Cole). A Presbyterian; served as pastor Fairville, N. Y., one year; West Fayette, N. Y., four and one-half years ; Elba, N. Y., seven and one-half years; Barre seven years. Purchased job printing busi- ness of W. A. Smith in 1896, continuing same to date. A Republican; school com- missioner, Barre, four years ; cemetery commissioner six years ; assessor two years; city liquor agent four years. CURRIER, Richard Sawyer, Barre. County supervisor of highways. Born Hardwick, March 15, 1859; son of Charles L. and Celinda (Dickey) Currier. Edu- cated in public schools, Barre Academy, and Dartmouth College, B. L. 1885. In 1886 married Julia McCarty of North- field; they had two children, George R. (deceased) and Marguerite. Member of the firm of Blair & Currier, 1886-89; head of firm R. S. Currier & Co. 1889-98; contractor and builder 1899-1906; county supervisor of highways Washington coun- ty since 1906. Was trustee Barre Acad- emy; member of Barre school board 1886- 96 ; president Barre Retail Merchants' As- sociation four years; director French's Barre Library since 1889; trustee Barre City Hospital. Is a Republican; alderman from 2nd ward 1902-4, and president of the board in 19OS; chairman board street commissioners 190S-4; represented Barre in Legislature 1894-6; member of Repub- lican city committee 1900-8, and county committee since I906. By religious pref- erence a Congregationalist. Member Del- ta Kappa and Kappa Kappa Kappa fra- ternities of Dartmouth College; past chan- cellor Vincitia Lodge No. 10, Knights of Pythias ; member Suadah Temple No. 40, Dramatic Order Knights of Khorassan. CUSHMAN, Henry Theodore, North Bennington. Manufacturer. Born Ben- nington, May 16, 1844; son of John and Sophronia (Hurd) Cushman. His grand- father was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. Educated at Bennington Academy and by private tutors. In 1867 married Eliza Davis Hall, daughter of Henry D. Hall, and granddaughter of former Gov- ernor Hiland Hall; they have five chil- dren, Arthur Hall, John Henry, WiUiam Carroll, Frederick Bennett, and Caroline Eliza. Has been engaged since 1865 as a manufacturer, beginning with special lines designed by himself; is now presi- dent of the H. T. Cushman Manufactur- ing Co., furniture specialties, one of the largest concerns in Bennington. Is a vet- eran of the Civil War; was commissioned as first lieutenant and regimental quar- termaster in the 4th Regiment Vermont Volunteers, Sept. SO, 1862; was at times acting brigade quartermaster; although not required to go on the firing line to supply the place of an officer killed in the Wilderness, he offered his services, and served on the staff of Gen. Lewis A. Grant, commander of the First Vermont Brigade, through the battles of Spottsyl- vania, including the "bloody angle," re- ceiving honorable mention by the com- manding general in his report to the adju- tant-general of Vermont. Is a Republi- can; senator from Bennington County 1910 ; formerly member of the board of education; president of the village of North Bennington sixteen years. Member of the Grand Army of the Republic; is senior vice-commander of the Military Or- DALEY] MEN OF VERMONT 161 der of the Loyal Legion of Vermont; member of the Sons of the American Revo- lution; president of the Bennington Coun- ty Veterans' Reunion Society. In religious preference a Congregationalist. Has been president of the church society for many years. CUSHMAN, JuDsoN E., Burlington. Lawyer and state tax commissioner. Born Braintree, April 27, I860; son of Earl S. and Mary E. (Lamb) Cushman. Edu- cated in the public schools, and Randolph State Normal School. In 1882 married Nina L. Rawson of Westford; they have three children, Lena M. (Mrs. Carl H. Carroll), Ralph E., and Grace M. Taught in South Royalton village school 1878- 1880; Richmond village school 1880-1 and 3 882-6; admitted to Vermont Bar Oct. 28, 1886, and began practice of law in Ran- dolph; in August, 1887, removed to Bur- lington and formed copartnership with Hon. E. R. Hard; copartner of Hon. Ed- mund C. Mower 1896-1900. A Repub- lican; city grand juror 1888-90; states at- torney for Chittenden County 1890-4; elected professor of medical jurisprudence in medical department University of Ver- mont 1895, and elected annually ever since; city attorney 1896-8; commissioner of taxes of Vermont 1900 to present time; delegate to International Tax Conference in 1909, 1910, and 191I. Past master of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M., of Burlington, and member of Ethan Allen Club. CUTTING, Oliver B., Concord. Drug- gist. Born Concord, Sept. 12, 1837; son of Franklin and Prudence (Isham) Cut- ting. Educated in the public schools of Concord and Waterbury. In 1865 mar- ried Lavina Powers of Lunenburg, who died 1 868 ; they had one child, Ursula M ; in 1872 married Lois B. Robinson of Con- cord; they have two children, Clarence F. and Susie L. At 19 years of age Mr. Cutting began teaching in the winter and working in the summer on the farm; in 1868 began business as a druggist and book dealer, which occupation he still fol- lows; has been local agent for the Ver- mont Mutual Fire Insurance Co. Enlisted as private in Co. A, 11th Regiment Ver- mont Volunteers, Aug. 20, 1864; was wounded at the battle of Cedar Creek, Oct. 19 of the same year; discharged from the hospital May, 1865. Is a Republican; represented Concord in the Legislature 1900 ; elected assistant judge of Essex County 1904, and re-elected 1906 and I9O8; school director three years; one of the trustees of the Concord Grammar School. Treasurer of Moose River Lodge No. 82, F. & A. M., of Concord. CUTTS, Henry T., late of Orwell. Farmer and breeder. Born Orwell, Oct. 6, 1836; died Orwell, June 9, 1911; son of Thomas and Fanny (Kingsley) Cutts. Educated at the public schools, and Troy Conference Academy. In 1862 married Cornelia Wilcox of Orwell; they had three sons and one daughter, George H. of Los Angeles, Cal., Linus W. of Orwell, Arthur T. of Chicago, 111., and Minnie E. (de- ceased). Mr. Cutts was for forty years a farmer at Orwell; proprietor of Brook- side Farm; had charge of World's Fair exhibit of Morgan horses; was president of Vermont Horse Breeders' Association for some years; and vice-president of New England Horse Breeders' Association for five years; was the breeder and owner of the famous Morgan stallions Ben Frank- lin, and Addison Lambert by Daniel Lam- bert. Mr. Cutts was a prominent citizen of the town, a strong worker for the tem- perance cause, and took an active interest in local, state and national affairs. A Re- publican; had held practically every office in the gift of the town, being selectman at time of his death; represented Orwell in the Legislature 1882; senator from Addi- son county 1910. Member of Congrega- tional Church. Member of Independent Lodge No. 10, F. & A. M., of Orwell. DAIGLE, Hector J., Burlington. In- surance. Born St. Damase, P. Q., Feb. 14, 1862; son of David and Regina (Lu- cier) Daigle. Educated at St. Cesaire, Iberville County, P. Q. In 1890 married Elma A. HiU of Montgomery; they have two children, Clifton C. and E. Zorine. Engaged in the lumber business 1883-93; in the insurance business since 1894. Is independent in politics. Member of the Roman Catholic Church. Member of Knights of Columbus, and of Algonquin Club. DALEY, Olin Weston, White River Junction. Physician and surgeon. Born Worcester, Jan. 8, 1863; son of Orrin and 11 162 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [DALY Hannah (Martin) Daley. Educated in the public schools of Montpelier^ and Montpelier Methodist Seminary; studied medicine in the office of Dr. D. G. Kemp, Montpelier, and medical school of Colum- bia University, New York, graduated 1884. In 1891 married Mae E. Gates of White River Junction, who died in 1900. Began the practice of medicine in White River Junction, continuing until 1900, when he retired to devote his time to his business and financial interests. Vice- president of Hartford National Bank; owns a cottage at Caspian Lake, Greens- boro, and owns and operates a farm of 470 acres near White River Junction; owner of Union Station lunch. White River Junction. A Republican; repre- sented Hartford in the Legislature 1904; senator from Windsor County 1906. An Episcopalian. A 33 degree Mason; in 1903 chosen grand master of the Grand Lodge of Vermont, having since served as grand high priest of the Grand Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; member of Iroquois Club of White River Junction and other social organizations. DALY, James Monroe, Dorchester, Mass. Dental surgeon. Born Salisbury, Dee. 23, 1829; son of James W. and Sarah E. (Owen) Daly. Educated at Bristol public schools, graduated from Boston Dental College 1870. In 1852 married Amelia S. Churchill of Boston, who died I860; they had two children, .Grace Amelia, and James Harlow. In 1864 married Elizabeth Tolman Bispham of Dorchester, Mass.; they have one son, Martin Ordway. In 1845 began the study of dentistry under Dr. John Sabine, Boston; in 1852 began the practice of his profession which he has since continued. At present is in partnership with his son. Dr. M. Ordway Daly. Was one of the founders and incorporators of the Boston Dental College, and one of its trustees until its union with Tufts College. Was in his early years a member of the Whig party, but has been a Republican since the organization of that party. Member of Third Religious Society in Dorchester, Mass., (Unitarian), and member of board of assessors and trustee of the min- isterial fund. Member of the Royal Ar- canum, Norfolk Club, Vermont Associa- tion, and Men's Club of Third Church, Dorchester; formerly a member of Knights of Honor, Ancient and Honor- able Artillery Company, and Middlesex Club. Office, 29 HoUis St., Boston, Mass. Residence, 1119 Adams St., Dorchester, Mass. DALY, William R., Brattleboro. Law- yer. Born Bennington, May 5, 1876; son of John P. and Sarah (Dunn) Daly. Ed- ucated in the Bennington public schools. In 1901 married Helen Brewe of Hoosick Falls, N. Y.; they have three children, Jane Dorothy, Helen Hertha, and George Loveland. Studied law in the office of Barber & Darling, Bennington; admitted to Vermont Bar 19OO; practiced in Ben- nington until March, 1907, when he re- moved to Brattleboro and formed partner- ship with Charles S. Chase under the firm name of Chase & Daly. A Republican. Special prosecuting officer, Bennington village, 1 902 ; states attorney Bennington County 1904-6; appointed judge Brattle- boro municipal court March, 1911- A Corigregationalist. Member of Columbian Lodge, F. & A. M., of Brattleboro. DANA, Edward Cushing, Woodstock. Editor and publisher. Born Woodstock, Jan. 23, 1863; son of Charles and Chari- tie (Loomis) Dana. Educated at Wood- stock High School. Learned printer's trade in Woodstock; went to Colorado in 1887; in newspaper work in that state at Glenwood Springs, Aspen, and for two and one-half years in Denver; returned to Woodstock in 1894 and bought the Spirit of the Age. An Independent Demo- crat. Member of Woodstock Country Club. DANA, Harold Swan, Woodstock. In- surance. Born Woodstock, Sept. 27, 1854; son of Charles and Charity Scott (Loomis) Dana. Educated at the public schools. June 1, 1892, married Lydia M. French of Woodstock; they have an adopted daughter, Caroline Brown Dana. Was clerk in his father's store for 16 years, continuing the business for several years following his father's death. En- gaged in general insurance business 1896, in which he continues to date. Is a Re- publican; has been village treasurer for 12 years; also town auditor. Is a Con- gregationalist. A member of the Country Club, and of the Y. M. C. A. BARLING] MEN OF VERMONT 163 DANA, S. J., Fayston. Manufacturer. Born Warren, May 18, 1833; son of Sam- uel and Calista (Pastor) Dana. Edu- cated in the public schools. In 1833 mar- ried Adeline W. Benton, who died 1886; they had seven children, Plina J., Clar- ence W., Frea A., Harry C, Henry W., Winfield R., and Charles H. (deceased) ; in 1888 married Miranda Davis, who died 1889; in 1894 married Mary J. Fisher, who died 1909; in 1910 married Hattie Richardson of Warren. Is an insurance agent; a builder; and a member of the firm of S. J. & H. W. Dana, shingle manu- facturers. Enlisted in Co. B, 13th Regi- ment Vermont Volunteers, September, 1862; mustered into service October, 1862; was wounded by a shell in the left arm at the battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; mustered out July 21, 1863, at the ex- piration of term of service; was one of six brothers who served in the civil war, who all came out with honorable dis- charge. Is a Republican; was town clerk 27 years; justice of the peace 30 years; has been selectman, town treasurer, lister, school director, town grand juror, over- seer of the poor; is now health officer; served as assistant judge of Washington County court two years; represented Fay- ston in the Legislature 1872. DANE, Walter Alden, Newport. Lawyer. Born Newport, Feb. 4, 1882; son of Olin Sidney and Mabel (Robinson) Dane. Educated at Newport High School, University of Vermont, and George Washington University Law School, Washington, D. C. In 1907 mar- ried Bertha A. Aldrich of Cambridge, Mass.; they have one daughter, Barbara. Instructor in Burr and Burton Seminary, Manchester, 1903-5. Is a Republican; card messenger. House of Representatives, Washington, D. C, 1905; private secre- tary to assistant secretary of the navy, Washington, D. C, 1907; served in this capacity and studied law until 1908, when he was admitted to Bar of the District of Columbia; confidential secretary to secrcr tary of the navy 1908, serving until the change of administration, 1909, when he was appointed private secretary to Hon. Wm. P. Dillingham, U. S. senator from Vermont. In 1909 formed a law partner- ship with Hon. F. C. Williams, Newport. Member of the National Geographic So- ciety; Delta Psi and Phi Beta Kappa Fraternities. DARLING, Charles Hial, Burling- ton. Lawyer. Born Woodstock, May 9, 1859; son of Jason and Ellen Lou- isa (Paul) Darling. Educated at Green Mountain Perkins Academy, Montpelier Seminary, A. B., Tufts College 1884, LL. D. 1903. In 1889 married Agnes Christmas Norton of Bennington; they have three daughters, Margaret Norton, Alice Godfrey, and Elizabeth Paul Dar- ling. Was admitted to the Bar 1886; commenced practice in Bennington the same year, which he continued until he went to Washington in the fall of 1901 ; removed to Burlington 1906, practicing there since. A Republican; appointed municipal judge of Bennington in 1887; reappointed by each governor and held office until he went to Washington in 1901 ; represented Bennington in the Legislature 1 896 ; chairman of committee on education, and served on the judiciary committee; appointed assistant secretary of the navy 1901; resigned in 1905 to take the office of collector of customs for the district of Vermont; reappointed collector of customs in 1910. Trustee of Tufts College; presi- dent of the board of trustees of Goddard Seminary; member of Vermont Bar As- sociation, president 1899-1900; member of Sons of American Revolution, president 19O8. Life member of Vermont Histori- cal Society; member of Masonic frater- nity, at present senior warden of the Grand Lodge of Vermont. DARLING, Charles Melvin, Lyn- donville. Ranchman, real estate dealer, horse breeder. Born Lyndon, Aug. 20, 1856; son of Charles B. and Susan (Mel- vin) Darling. Educated at Lyndon In- stitute, Lyndon Center; student Dart- mouth College, scientific department, two years; diploma for physical culture, Ral- ston University, Washington, D. C, 1902. In 1898 married Alice Elizabeth Lowe of Fort Morgan, Colorado, who died in 1901 ; in 1902 married Mary Macauley of Newport; they have six children, Charles Melvin, Carolyn Su- san, Velma, Scott Rogers, Beatrice Ma- bel, and Alfred Burbank. In Omaha and Lincoln, Neb., 1877; in employ of Col. Clopper on horse ranch near Denver, Col., 164 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEEMONT BIOGRAPHY [DARLING 1878; worked on cattle ranches in Colo- rado until the summer of 1880, when as- sociated with his cousin S. E. Darling, and bought a trail herd of Texas cattle at Ogallala, Neb., and turned them loose on range; sold cattle in 1882, and in 1883, with S. E. Darling, bought horses and cattle and located on Brazos River, Tex.; purchased Living Spring ranch in Colo- rado 1888, and enlarged it to 3,000 acres; sold out cattle and horses 1893 and came east; at Fort Morgan, Col., 1894-8; set- tled in Lyndonville 1898. A Republican. Member of Masonic fraternity; Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows; the Lyndon Club, and Abnaki Club. DARLING, George W., South Rye- gate. Physician and surgeon. Born South Ryegate, Dec. 5, 1857; son of Dr. John B. and Marguerite (Shaw) Darling. Ed- ucated in the public schools of Ryegate, Newbury Seminary; Peacham Academy 1879; and University of Vermont, medical department, 1882. In 1883 married Jen- nie P. Somers of Barnet, who died 1905; they had six children, Theresa B. (Mrs. Cowen), Charles B., George L., Jennie M., Grace D. (Mrs. Hooker), and Dewey S.; in 1908 married Jeanie E. Hall. In 1882 began practice of medicine with his father at Ryegate, which he has since con- tinued; has a practice covering about six surrounding towns; also owns and carries on a farm. A Republican; school director 12 years. A Presbyterian. Member of Connecticut Valley and Vermont State Medical Societies, and County Fish and Game Club. DARLING, Hale Knight, Chelsea. Lawyer. Born East Corinth, Jan. 26, 1869; son of Joseph Kimball and Mary Alice (Knight) Darling. Educated in public schools of Corinth and Chelsea, and in the law department University of North Carolina. In 1896, married May- belle Maud Hyde of Chelsea; they have five children, Pauline, Hale Knight, Jr., Mary Alice, Joseph Kimball, and Law- rence. Employed in freight department Fitchburg Railroad 1888-90; reporter on Fitchburg, Mass., Daily Sentinel 1890-92; admitted to Bar 189* at Raleigh, N. C, and to Vermont Bar 1895 at Montpelier. Is a Republican; was states attorney of Orange County 1896-1900; member State Board Bar Examiners 1901-3; member Vermont House of Representatives 1904- 6; chairman State Library Commission 1905; clerk Orange County Court 1905 and since; appointed commissioner to re- vise statute laws of state 1904; and com- missioner to edit Public Statutes 1906. Is a member George Washington Lodge No. 52, F. & A. M.; and Whitney Chapter, U. A. M. DARLING, Lucius A., Burke. Farmer. Born Sutton, June 1, 1857; son of Henry G. and Mehitable (Whitcomb) Darling. Educated in the public schools, Lancaster, N. H., Academy; and Bryant & Stratton business college, Boston. In 1892 mar- ried Marguerite McDonald of Burke; they had two children. Pearl E. (deceased), and Henry G. After leaving business college in 1883, took position as manager of Mountain View Farm, in Burke and Lyn- don, formerly the home place of Harley M. Hall, consisting of 300 acres, now in- creased to 2,400 acres. Is a Republican; selectman one year; represented Burke in Legislature 1900. An attendant of the Congregational Church. DARLING, Robert Nelson, Groton. Merchant. Born Groton, May 9, 1859; son of Jonathan Robert and Sarah Maria (Taisey) Darling. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Newbury Seminary. In 1891 married Valetta M. Paine of South- bridge, Mass.; they have two daughters, Ruth Maria and Evalona Jessie. Manu- facured lumber extensively for 30 years; now merchant in partnership with R. D. Sherry in general store at Bradford; orig- inal owner of Darling trout pond, largest in the state, now owned by Hon. Theodore N. Vail, in his game and timber preserve. A Republican; represented Groton in the Legislature 1908; chairman and village trustee 1907; first selectman of Groton 1908. Member Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M., of Wells River; Chapter Lodge of Bradford; Caledonia Lodge No. 15, K. P., of Groton, and Groton Grange No. 443. DARLING, Sumner E., Hardwick. Physician and surgeon. Born West Wind- sor, May 2, 1856; son of Jason L. and EUen Louise Paul (Sumner) Darling. Educated at Woodstock public schools, Dartmouth College, and University of Vermont; studied medicine with Dr. H. DAVIS] MEN OF VERMONT 165 M. Chandler of Woodstock^ Dr. Henry D. Holton of BrattleborOj and at the medical departments of Dartmouth College and University of Vermont, graduating from the latter in 1882. In 1881 married Eva- lyn Ruth Eastman of Newbury; they have one son, Sumner E., Jr. His early life was spent on a farm; located temporarily in Newbury and later in Hardwick, where he has since practiced his profession. Health officer since office was created; member Vermont tuberculosis commission 1905-7; Caledonia County Medical Soci- ety; Vermont Medical Society; American Medical Association; sixth international congress on tuberculosis ; board of trustees Hard wick Academy nine years ; village trustee 1903-4. A Republican; chairman delegation to State convention 1908; mem- ber town committee; represented Hard- wick in the Legislature 1904, serving as chairman of committee on public health; senator from Caledonia County 1910. Member of the Methodist Church; and of Caspian Lake Lodge No. 87, F. & A. M. DARTT, Justus, Springfield. Farmer. Born Weathersfield, Feb. 17, 1836; son of Erastus and Rebecca (Jackman) Dartt. Educated at public schools, Wesleyan Sem- inary, and Newbury Seminary. In 1859 married Abbie Patten Knight of Weathers- field; they have three children, William Henry, Frank Patten, and Mary Abbie. The greater part of his life has been de- voted to work in the public schools as teacher and superintendent; from 1880-88 was state superintendent of education in Vermont; 1888-96 was district superin- tendent of schools in Massachusetts. In 1862 enlisted in Co. D, 9th Regiment, Vermont Volunteers; was chosen 2nd lieu- tenant; was taken prisoner in hospital at Winchester, Va., 1862; afterwards paroled and sent to Camp Chase, Columbus, O. ; discharged at Chicago, 1 862, for disability. Is a Republican; was a member of the Legislature in 1874, 1878, 1880, 1902, 1904, and 1910; senator from Windsor County 1882, and president pro tem of the Senate. Was trustee of Vermont State Agricultural College 1880-86; trustee of Soldiers' Home at Bennington since 1906. Has been deacon in First Congregational Church, Springfield, since 1900. Is mem- ber of St. Johns Lodge No. 41, F. & A. M. ; past high priest of Skitchewaug Chap- ter No. 25, R. A. M.; member Springfield Council No. 18, R. & S. M.; and Holy Cross Commandery No. 12, K. T., of Bellows Falls. DAVIS, Charles M., Northfield. Tex- tile manufacturer. Born Northfield, June 13, I860; son of John Preston and Phoebe Lorain (Marsh) Davis. Educated at Northfield High School, Norwich Univer- sity, and Dartmouth College, graduating from Dartmouth with degree of B. S. 1882; studied law in the offices of Hon. Frank Plumley, Northfield, and Hon. S. C. Shurtle£E, Montpelier ; entered Boston Uni- versity Law School in the fall of 1887, graduating cum laude in 1889 with the degree of LL. B. In 1892 married Mary H. Wooster of Northfield; they have two children, John Wooster and Emma Louise. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1889; practiced law in Northfield ten years; in 1900 pur- chased of the J. W. Gould estate the white flannel mill in Northfield Falls, and with Andrew E. Denny operated same two years, when he purchased Denny's inter- est, continuing alone to date, this being one of the oldest and largest textile plants in Vermont. Also interested in mercantile business and farming. Is a Democrat; attendant of Congregational Church ; mem- ber of Conversational Club of Northfield for 20 years. Is also a trustee of Norwich University, and director in Northfield Sav- ings Bank. DAVIS, Earl Frank, Newfane. Ho- tel keeper. Born Landgrove, Jan. 20, 1881; son of Frank Edgar and Flora Lorinda (Abbott) Davis. Educated in Landgrove public schools and Chester Central High School. In 1903 married Eliza A. Maher of Newfane; they have two children, Robert Earl and Dorothy Thelma. Taught school in Brookline, Townshend, Newfane, and Wardsboro. Has conducted Windham County House at Newfane since Dec. 15, 1905, with the exception of one and one-half years; also engages in farming and lumbering. Is a Republican; deputy sheriff since I906; deputy jailor Windham County jail three and one-half years; trustee of Newfane village corporation two years; chief of police two years. Member of Newfane Lodge No. 72, I. O. O.F.; West River Rebekah Lodge No. 61 of Newfane; Oasis Encampment No. 5, I. O. O. F., of Brat- tleboro ; has held minor offices in the Order 166 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [DAVIS of Odd Fellows; district deputy grand master two years ; member of Blazing Star Lodge No. 23, F. & A. M., of Townshend. DAVIS, Fred Carlos, Springfield. Lawyer. Born Reading, May 29, 1862; son of Carlos and Ruth (Hapgoad) Davis. Educated in the public schools. Green Moimtain Perkins Academy, and gradu- ated from New Hampshire College of Ag- riculture and Mechanics' Arts 1884. In 1892 married Nellie A. Mitchell of Weathersfield, who died 1904; in 1908 married Eunice Round of Lancaster, N. H. Admitted to the Vermont Bar 1891; actively engaged in law practice for six years. Drew the charter for the Spring- field Electric Railway Co., organized the company, and looked after its legal work; in 1897 became interested in Cavendish Gorge water power, afterwards organized the Claremont Power Co., and aided in de- veloping the power plant. In 1910 became interested in the Clarendon Power Co., and is one of the active factors in devel- oping that water power. In 1910 bought out M. G. Denorem's fire insurance busi- ness, and does a general insurance busi- ness in connection with his other work. Enlisted in U. S. Signal Corps Aug. 3, 1884, discharged Feb. 4, 1885. Is a Re- publican; has held the offices of auditor, lister and selectman; represented Spring- field in the Legislature from 1908 to 1910. A member of the Congregational Church. Past great sachem of Vermont Improved Order of Red Men; great representative of Vermont to the Great Council of the United States Improved Order of Red Men from 1907 to 1910. DAVIS, Fred Ladd, Hartford. Farmer and state cattle commissioner. Born Nor- wich, Feb. 2, 1861; son of Reuben and Minerva (Maxham) Davis. Educated in the public schools of Norwich. In 1898 married Genevieve F. Snow of North Pom- fret; she died 1906; they had three chil- dren, Howard M., Marguerite, and Mar- ion; in 1911 married Jessie F. Seaver of Norwich. Engaged in farming in North Pomfret previous to 19O6; in 19O8 sold farm in North Pomfret and moved to Hartford. Is a Republican; was chair- man of Republican town committee of Pomfret 10 years; represented Pomfret in the Legislature I9OO, and was chairman of committee on agriculture; senator from Windsor County 1906, chairman of Sen- ate committee on agriculture, and member of committees on railroads, education, and taxes. Secretary Vermont Dairymen's As- sociation I899-191O; president since 1910; president Windsor County Agricultural Society 1896-9. In 1906 appointed by Governor Proctor Vermont commissioner to the Jamestown Exposition; in 1907 ap- pointed general superintendent and secre- tary Vermont State Fair, which office he still holds; also named a member of state board of agriculture, and became secre- tary; in 1909 appointed state cattle com- missioner by Governor Prouty, to fill an unexpired term of H. S. Willson, deceased ; reappointed by Governor Mead in 19II for term of two years; is notary public, and has held numerous town offices. Is a 32nd degree Mason; member of Mt. Sinai Temple of Shriners, Montpelier; member of working team for five years; delegate from his shrine to Louisville, Ky., 1909; member of Jersey Cattle Club of New York; Vermont Fish and Game League; Vermont Association of Boston; and Iroquois Club of White River Junc- tion. DAVIS, Gilbert Asa, Windsor. Law- yer and farmer. Born Chester, Dec. 18, 1835; son of Asa and Mary (Hosmer) Davis. Educated ■ in the public schools and Chester Academy; taught school in New Jersey 1852-6; began study of law in Belvidere, N. J.; continued in Chester and Woodstock; admitted to Vermont Bar 1859. In 1862 married Delia I. BoUes of Turner Junction (now West Chicago), 111.; they had four children, two sons who died in infancy, Mary Isabella (Mrs. Stanley Carleton, Thomaston, Me.), and Gilbert Franklin of Windsor. Practiced law at Felchville 1860-79, when he re- moved to Windsor, where he has since re- sided and engaged in active practice in the courts of Vermont and New Hamp- shire and in the U. S. courts; has been admitted to practice in the U. S. district court, U. S. circuit court, U. S. court of appeals of the 2nd circuit, and U.S. su- preme court; numerous briefs prepared by him have been published in the Vermont Reports. Has been register of probate for the district of Windsor four years; states attorney for Windsor County 1878- 80; referee in bankruptcy continuously since the enactment of the U. S. bank- DAWLEY] MEN OF VEEMONT 167 ruptcy law in 1 898. A Republican ; assist- ant clerk of House of Representatives 1858 and 1861; represented Reading in the Legislature 1872 and 1874, chairman of the committee on education; compiled the school laws in 1874, under appoint- ment by Governor Peck; senator from Windsor County 1876, chairman of com- mittee on education, and member of judi- ciary committee; introduced the act estab- lishing the work house at Rutland, now the House of Correction; chairman of the state bridge commission under Gov. Chas. J. Bell; has held numerous town offices, such as superintendent of schools, mod- erator, auditor, president, and trustee of Windsor village ; has been president, treas- urer, and director of the Windsor Machine Co. ; president and director of the Wind- sor Canning Co. ; and president, director, and secretary of the Windsor Electric Light Co. Was alternate and acted as delegate to the Republican national con- vention 1888, which nominated Benjamin Harrison for president. In 1899 built and donated to the town of Reading a substantial brick building, the Gilbert A. Davis library building, which contains over 2,000 volumes. In 1874 and in 1904 published a History of Reading in two volumes; and with Rev. Dr. Byington published a History of the First Congre- gational Church in Windsor, which was es- tablished in 1758. A member of the Con- gregational Church; clerk for 27 years; superintendent of the Sunday school ten years; has been three times member of the Triennial Conference of Congregational Churches. Member of the Masonic fra- ternity; past grand of Windsor Lodge No. 55, I. O. O. F. ; twice a representative to the Grand Lodge; member of Ascutney Grange. DAVIS, Myron Powers, Brattleboro. Lawyer. Born Brattleboro, Nov. 1, 1876; son of John Alexander and Minnie (Pow- ers) Davis. Graduated from Brattleboro High School 1894; Vermont Academy 1897; and Brown University 1901. In 1907 married Mrs. Mary (Carroll) Beard of New Haven. Taught in Bates Acad- emy, Stanford, Conn., 1901-3; sang in opera 1904-5; did newspaper work and studied law 1 906-10; admitted to Vermont Bar October, I9IO; practiced law from then to the present time in Brattleboro. A Republican; an Episcopalian! Member of Columbian Lodge, F. & A. M.; Bing- ham Chapter, O. E. S., of Brattleboro; Vermont Wheel Club; Protective Grange, and Vermont Bar Association. DAVISON, William A., Burlington. Clergyman. Born Ireland, Sept. 15, 1866; son of William and EUzabeth (Clark) Davison. Educated in Worcester Academy; Brown University; and grad- uated from Colgate Divinity School I896; received from Middlebury College degree of Doctor of Divinity, 1905. In 1902 mar- ried Gertrude M. Johnson of Burlington; they have two children, Winifred Esther and Eleanor Mae. Ordained to Bap- tist ministry 1893; pastor Calvary Bap- tist Church, Utica, N. Y., 1893-6; First Baptist Church, Montpelier, Vt., 1896-9; state secretary and superintendent of mis- sions for Vermont Baptist State Conven- tion since 1899. Under his management the amount expended yearly for missionary work in the state has increased since 1899 from $4,000 to $16,000, and the permanent fund from $24,000 to $214,000. DAWLEY, Frank R., Montpelier. Merchant. Born Mt. Holly, Jan. 18, 1851; son of Perry Alvinso and Rhoda S. (Barber) Dawley. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Shrewsbury, Mt. HoUy, and East Wallingford. In 1882 married Cora M. Miles of Montpelier, who died in 1904; they had two children, Eva M. and Angle R. (deceased). Came to Montpelier in 1873, and in 1884 became associated with H. R. Wheelock in printing, picture fram- ing, and sporting goods business; is a locksmith and safe opener of state-wide reputation. Is an independent Republi- can; school collector Berlin 1891-2; lister Berlin in 1893, 1894, and 1898; constable 1895-9; in 1899 was elected lister in Montpelier for three years, and re-elected in 1902; constable Montpelier 1901-2; truant officer 1895-1903; in 1904 elected alderman from ward 6, serving four years ; president of the board 1907; in I9O8 nom- inated for mayor on the second ballot in a citizens' caucus, and elected at March meeting-; in I909 was named candidate for re-election in the general caucus by accla- mation ; this action ratified at March meet- ing; in 1910 was elected to serve a third term as mayor, making seven years' con- tinuous service in the city council; during the seven years never missed a regular 168 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [DEADY meeting of the board, and never, made a motion to adjourn. The new city hall was built during his administration. During his term of office he safeguarded Mont- pelier's water supply by acquiring land around the ponds that furnish the city drinking water. Is an associate member of the Grand Army of the Republic; mem- ber of Vermont Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F. ; Thomas Wildey Encampment No. II, I. O. O. F. ; Montpelier Lodge No. 13, K. P.; Suadah Temple No. 140, Knights of Khor- assan; charter member of Montpelier Board of Trade, and the Montpelier Gun Club; life member of State Horticultural Society. DEADY, Jeremiah, Montpelier. Mer- chant. Born County Kerry, Ireland, Dec. 13, 1856; son of John and Johanna (Dal- ton) Deady. Educated in the public schools. In 1876 married Ellen O'Brien of Winooski. Mr. Deady was formerly section hand at Montpelier; station agent; has been engaged in the grocery business for the past ten years. Is a Democrat; alderman in sixth ward. In religious be- lief a Roman Catholic. DEAVITT, Edward Harrington, Montpelier. Lawyer. Born Moretown, Dec. 1, 1871; son of Thomas Jefferson and Caroline Ellen (Harrington) Deavitt. Educated in the public schools of Mont- pelier, University of Vermont, class of 1893, and Harvard Law School, class of 1896. In 1901 married Mary Elizabeth Tromblee of Montpelier. Admitted to the Bar of Suffolk County, Mass., and to the Vermont Bar 1896; practiced one year in Boston, and since at Montpelier; member of the board of bar examiners; a director of the First National Bank of Montpel- ier; a director and treasurer of the Barre & Montpelier Traction and Power Co.; Corry-Deavitt-Frost Electric Co.; Capital City Gas Co.; and Wetmore & Morse Granite Co. Is a Republican; referee in bankruptcy for Washington County 1898- 1906; state treasurer and ex-officio one of the insurance commissioners since I906. Member of the Apollo Club of Montpelier. DEAVITT, Thomas J., Montpelier. Lawyer and banker. Born Richmond, Feb. 17, 1840; son of William and Ches- tina (Preston) Deavitt. Educated in the public schools of Moretown, Barre Acad- emy, and studied law three years with the Hon. Paul Dillingham, Waterbury. In 1870 married Carrie E. Harrington of South Royalston, Mass. ; they have five children, Edward H., Henry M., Carrie E., George T., and William J. In 1863 worked in a guncap and currycomb fac- tory in Troy, N. Y.; returned to Water- bury, read law, and was admitted to Ver- mont Bar 1866; began practice of law at Moretown; after six years removed to Montpelier, where he continued his prac- tice. Was director, treasurer, and man- ager of the Watchman Publishing Co. for several years, and edited a popular de- partment in the Vermont Watchman called "Soldiers' Budget." Is a Republican; was superintendent of schools, Moretown; member of last constitutional convention, held in 1870; president of the Capital Savings Bank and Trust Co. since its or- ganization in I89I; director in Barre and Montpelier Electric Railway Co.; a direc- tor in other companies; justice of the peace. Member of the Congregational Church; a Mason. DeBOER, Joseph Arend, Montpelier. President National Life Insurance Co. Born Warfum, Province of Groningen, Holland, June 17, I86I; son of John Arend and Anje Peiter (Kuiper) DeBoer. Educated in the elementary schools at Warfum; Grammar School No. 14, Al- bany, N. Y. ; Albany, N. Y., High School, class of 1880; Dartmouth College, A. B. 1884, and honorary degrees A. M. 1887, and Sc. D. 1909. In 1885 married Au- gusta Charles Featherly of Albany, N. Y. ; they had five children, Ethel Arend, Min- nie Arend, Bertha Arend (deceased), Paul ■Kuiper, and Elizabeth Arend, all born at Montpelier. Master Holderness School for Boys 1884-5; principal Montpelier public schools 1885-9; actuary National Life Insurance Co. 1889-1902; secretary 1897; second vice-president I9OO; vice- president 1901, and president since 1902. Extensive writer on subjects relating to life underwriting and to various historic features of the business. President Mont- pelier Board of Trade. Is a Republican; has served as delegate to county and state conventions; president Young Men's Re- publican Club, McKinley campaign; sena- tor from Washington County I90O; repre- sented Montpelier in the Legislature 1908; chairman Republican state convention DERBY] MEN OF VERMONT 169 1910 ; chairman commissions on state per- manent common school fund 1904, and state audit 1906; has long and earnestly advocated reform in state taxation laws as fundamental to Vermont's progress and growth; made historical address on Ver- mont at Jamestown in .1907, at Montpel- ier's centenary at the state capitol, and at its dedication of the new city hall in 1911- Is an Episcopalian; vestryman of Christ Church, and has held various offices in diocesan administration; is trustee of St. Johnsbury Academy, Montpelier Sem- inary, Vermont Episcopal Institute, Wood Art Gallery, and Washington County Grammar School. Is a S2nd degree Ma- son; charter member of the Actuarial So- ciety of America ; member of Kappa Kappa Kappa, and Phi Beta Kappa, Dartmouth; Vermont Historical Society; the ApoUo and Country Clubs of Montpelier; and of many other societies in the United States. DeLONG, Charles Henry, Shore- ham. Farmer. Born Shoreham, Feb. 15, 1858; son of Henry J. and Lucy M. (Rus- sell) DeLong. Educated in the public schools, Newton Academy, and Goddard Seminary. In 1879 married Nellie M. Farnham of Shoreham, who died 1884; they had one son, Harry E., who died 1904; in 1905 married Clara J. Moore of Shoreham. After leaving school en- gaged in farming and in breeding Merino sheep and Morgan horses for about 20 years; is at present a dealer in hay and produce. Is a Republican; represented Shoreham in the Legislature 1898; senator from Addison County 1906; chairman of committees on claims and on canvass, and member of committees on fish and game, manufactures, and immigration and indus- trial matters; was license commissioner two years; has been town agent for the past five years. In religious belief a Uni- versalist. Member of Simonds Lodge No. 59, F. & A. M., of Shoreham. DEMERITT, Richard N., Waterbury. Canning business. Born Waterbury Cen- ter in 1850; son of Albert and Laura (Smith) Demeritt. Educated at Green Mountain Seminary, Waterbury Center. In 1874 married Elizabeth D. Stearns of Waterbury; they had three sons. Homer D., Henry H., and Roy S. ; after her death, in 1896 married Jessie B. Law of Lachute, P. Q. ; they have one daughter, Laura E. Engaged as commercial trav- eler, selling candy and cigars for H. S. Howe, Rutland, 1871-85; in the cracker and candy business at Plattsburg 1885- 1905; in 1905 went into the canning busi- ness at Waterbury; when the Demeritt & Palmer Packing Co. was organized was made president, which office he still holds. Is a Democrat. Member and trustee of the Methodist Church; superintendent of the Sunday school. Member of Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M.; Waterbury Chapter No. 24, R. A. M.; Mount Zion Commandery No. 9, K. T., Montpelier; Oriental Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., Trov, N. Y. DERBY, BuEL John, Burlington. Postmaster. Born Huntington, March 8, 1839; son of John and Sarah (Buel) Derby. Educated in the public schools. In 1866 married Arvilla C. Wheeler of Bristol; they have one daughter, Geor- giana, now wife of Thomas B. Hanna of Burlington. Came to Burlington 1859, and became clerk in the Burlington post- office under David A. Danforth, then post- master; in I860 went to Rutland as clerk in the Rutland post-office. In September, I862, enlisted as private in Co. K, 12th Vermont Volunteers; detailed and served as commissary and quartermaster sergeant; was appointed quartermaster of the 17th Vermont Volunteers in April, 1864, serv- ing until the close of the war. Engaged for one year in the manufacture of chairs at Bristol; came to Burlington as assistant postmaster February, 1867, serving eight years; appointed postmaster by General Grant March, 1875, which office he held to 1887. In 1899 was again appointed postmaster by President McKinley, which office he still holds. Mr. Derby is a Re- publican; holds commissions as postmaster of Burlington from Presidents Grant, Hayes, Arthur, McKinley, Taft and two from President Roosevelt. In 1888 was delegate to Republican national conven- tion, Chicago; city school commissioner 1898-9; 1887-9 was superintendent of Ver- mont State Agricultural Society and Champlain Valley Association; director of Denison Land and Investment Co., Deni- son, Tex., 1889-1903, last three years president and general manager; incor- porator and director Burlington Grocery Co. since organization 1894. Member of Stannard Post No. 2, G. A. R. ; Order of no ENCyCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [DERVEN the Loyal Legion; Vermont Commandery; Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. ; and the Ethan Allen Club. DERVEN, John J., Poultney. Physi- cian and surgeon. Born West Rutland, April 20, 1882; son of John C. and Brid- get (Conniff) Derven. Educated at West Rutland graded schools, graduated from Rutland High School 1902, and Univer- sity of Vermont College of Medicine 1906. In 1911 married Gertrude M. Murphy of West Rutland. Has practiced medicine in Poultney since graduation. A Democrat. Member of Roman Catholic Church. Mem- ber of Phi Chi fraternity; first president Catholic Club, University of Vermont; member Ancient Order of Hibernians, county secretary of Rutland County ; mem- ber of Rutland County Medical Society, Vermont State Medical Society, American Medical Association, the Grange, and sec- retary of Poultney Improvement Associa- tion. DEWEY, George, Washington, D. C. Admiral of the Navy. Born MontpeUer, Dec. 26, 1837; son of Dr. Julius Yemans and Mary (Percival) Dewey. Prepara- tory education at Montpelier public schools; Norwich University; appointed to Naval Academy Sept. 23, 1854; gradu- ated 1858, LL. D., University of Pennsyl- vania, Princeton University 1898. In 1867 married Susie, daughter of Gov. Ichabod Goodwin of New Hampshire, who died 1872; in 1899 married Mrs. Mildred (Mc- Lean) Hazen of Washington. Attached to steam frigate Wabash, Mediterranean squadron, until I86I, then to steam sloop Mississippi of West Gulf squadron; commissioned lieutenant April I9, I86I; in Farragut's squadron which forced the passage of Fort St. Philip and Fort Jack- son, April, I862, and participated in at- tack on Fort St. Philip and the subse- quent fights with gunboats and ironclads which gave Farragut possession of New Orleans. In the smoke of the battle of Port Hudson the Mississippi lost her bearings and ran ashore under the guns' of the land batteries, and the officers and men took to the boats after setting the vessel on fire. Was afterwards on several vessels in North Atlantic blockading squadron, then in European squadron, and later on various duties and at different stations, being promoted commander April, 1872; captain, Sept., 1884; commodore, Feb. 9, 1896. In January, 1898, assumed command of Asiatic squadron; on May 1, 1898, he commanded in the battle of Ma- nila Bay, completely annihilating the Spanish Asiatic squadron under Admiral Montojo, destroying eleven and capturing all other vessels without the loss of a man on the American side. Immediately upon receipt of official news of victory, he was promoted to rear admiral and thanked by resolution of Congress; subsequently (Mar. 3, 1899) made admiral of the Navy, under Act of Congress, approved Mar. 2, 1899; Sept. 28, 1899, an official party of 17 Vermonters headed by Bvt. Maj.-Gen. Theo. S. Peck, adjutant general, visited Admiral Dewey on board the flagship Olympia in New York harbor, and in- formed him that a grand welcome awaited him among the green hills of his native state. The date for the reception having been set for Oct. 12, 1899, the admiral journeyed by special train to Shelburne Farms on Tuesday, Oct. 10, where he was the guest of Dr. W. Seward Webb, being greeted on his arrival by 3,000 people. At Montpelier, Oct. 12, a royal welcome was given "Admiral Dewey, Vermont's most distinguished son," the hero of Manila Bay being greeted by 50,000 people. Among the events of the day was the con- ferring of the degree of LL.D. by the University of Vermont. On the following day. Admiral Dewey laid the corner stone to Dewey Hall, Norwich University, Northfield, the oration being delivered by Hon. Chauncey M. Depew of New York. Office, Mills Building; residence, I6OI K St., Washington, D. C. DEWEY, Julius Edward, Montpelier. Physician. Born Montpelier, Jan. 14, 1878; son of Edward and Susan Griggs (Lilley) Dewey. Educated at Montpelier Grammar School; Vermont Episcopal In- stitute; University of Vermont, medical department. Member of Washington County Medical Society; Vermont Medi- cal Society; Delta Mu medical fraternity; and Alpha Tau Omega fraternity. Pri- vate in Co. H, 1st Vermont Infantry, U. S v., m the Spanish-American war! Is a Republican, and an Episcopalian. DeWITT, Frank Austin, Newfane Banker. Born Elyria, O., Feb. 9, i864- son of Rollin Converse and Charlotte p' DIVOLL] MEN OF VERMONT 171 (Birchard) DeWitt. Educated in the public schools of Elyria, and Eastman's Business College. In 1898 married Lena Ware of Hillsboro, 111.; they have four children, De Weese Ware, Ralph Birch- ard, Frank Austin, Jr., and Charlotte. Has been employed 28 years in the New- fane Savings Bank, the first 14 years as assistant treasurer; since then treasurer. A Republican; town treasurer since 1899; member of school board 1905-10; town auditor 1896-9; moderator 1911; and county auditor since 1898; represented Newfane in the Legislature 1910. A Con- gregationalist. Past master Blazing Star. Lodge No. 23, F. & A. M., of Townshend; member of Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M.; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; Newfane Lodge No. 72, I. O. O. F., chaplain for past three years ; past master Newfane Grange, treasurer of Grange five years; trustee and treasurer of the Moore Free Library Association since 1902. DIKE, Ezra C, Bristol. Merchant Born Bolton, April 4, 1837; son of. David C. and Abi (Barber) Dike. Educated in the public schools. In 1868 married Lucy Rood of Richmond; she died 1872; they had one daughter. Bertha L. ; mar- ried Sarah Needham of Bristol; they have two children, Edgar Needham and Lucy L. (Mrs. H. C. Palmer). Began business as a tin peddler, in company with Shedd & Walker, continuing nine years ; in 1 870, under the firm name of Dike, Bixby & Co., began a business in hardware and farming tools in Bristol ; the firm lasted three years, when he purchased the in- terest of his partners, continuing to date. Is a Republican; represented Bristol in the Legislature 1910; has been selectman, overseer of the poor, and school director; is now lister. DILLINGHAM, William P. Govern- or 1888-90. See page 48. DIMOND, George Mason, Boston and Bedford, Mass. Editor. Born Grafton, Vt., April ^*'^^^\''"""^ Stephen M. and Mary (Jones) Dimond. educated in the public schools and Ver- mont Academy at Saxtons River. In 1888 arried Mary Brown of Athens. Began *"ewspaper work in office of Bellows Falls Times as printer's apprentice; for a time edited and published monthly paper called "The People's Monthly," circulated in northern Windham County; printer on Palmer (Mass.) Journal one year; re- porter for Springfield (Mass.) Republi- can and Associated Press in Hampden County, Mass., and correspondent for Boston Sunday Globe one year; editor of Boston Commonwealth 1885-6; became re- porter on city staff Boston Globe 1886; made assistant city editor 1891; member of Globe editorial staff since; correspond- ent many years of New York Mail and National Daily Hotel Reporter of Chi- cago; pioneer in work of publicity regard- ing Vermont as a summer resort state; writer of several booklets and many news- paper columns of matter descriptive of Vermont; writer of chapter on Boston Vermonters in second edition of "Men of Vermont"; one of organizers, and now trustee, of Greater Boston Associates, a Boston real estate association. A Repub- lican; selectman of town of Bedford, Mass., 1904-10; agitated matter and brought about electric lighting system for town 1905; secured legislation for pur- pose and had charge of constructing $60,- 000 town water system 1908; brought about several other town improvements; chairman of board of water commissioners since 1907. An attendant of the Con- gregational church. Member of Vermont Association of Boston, member of execu- tive committee 1910-11; one of the or- ganizers of Vermont Academy Club of Boston, its president two years; member of Newspaper Club of Boston; Robinson Lodge, F. & A. M., of Lexington, Mass.; and Vermont Historical Society. DIVOLL, Natt Lincoln, Rockingham. Farmer. Born Rockingham, Sept. 1, 1864; son of John L. and Flora (Olcott) DivoU. Educated in the common schools, Vermont Academy, and a graduate from Eastman's Business College, Poughkeep- sie, N. Y. In 1909 married Louie Jamie- son of Cabot; they have two children, Faire Jamieson and Flora Isabell. Is a Republican; represented Rockingham in the Legislature 1908-9; member State Fair Commission I909-II, and a member of its executive committee I91O-II. A Congregationalist ; member of Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows, and the Grange. 172 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGBAPHY [DOANE DOANE, I. Randall, Springfield. Physician and surgeon. Born Bakersfieldj Jan. 19, 1877; son of Bradley J. and Ellen H. (Randall) Doane. Educated in Bakersfield public schools, Brigham Acad- emy, and University of Vermont Medical College. In 1905 married Lucy Ellen Whitney of Putney; they have two chil- dren, Whitney Randall and Shirley. Lo- cated at Putney 1905; moved to Spring- field 190 8, where he has since practiced his profession. Is a Republican; in re- ligious belief a Congregationalist. Mem- ber American Medical Association, Ver- mont State Medical Society, and Wind- ham County Medical Society and examiner for many old line insurance companies. Member St. John's Lodge No. 41, F. & A. M., Springfield. DODDS, Ward Beacher, North Hero. Farmer, stock, breeder, and fruit grower. Born North Hero, March 12, 1867; son of John and Huldah (Hazen) Dodds of good old Scotch descent. Educated in the pub- lic schools of the town, Barre Academy, and Burlington High School, class of 1885. In 1888 married Mary L., daughter of Hon. Judge Heman W. Allen of North Hero ; they have five children, John Allen, Ira Heman, Beulah, Irene and Elsie. Has always followed farming, and now owns one of the best farms in Grand Isle County, consisting of what is now called Island Home Farms of four hundred acres, upon which he has built extensive modern barns and dwelling house, and has set 1,000 fruit trees, mostly winter varieties, the greater, part of which are now in bear- ing. Since 1897 has made a specialty of breeding Holstein-Friesian cattle, introduc- ing at that time the first thoroughbreds in his part of the state. At the present time the herd consists of sixty-five head, all registered and many with large official records, and headed by the senior bull Sir Hengerveld Segis No. 46771, a son of King Segis. Has recently taken his two sons as partners in his quite extensive business. In politics a Republican; rep- resented North Hero in the Legislature 1906; member of the state fair commission for three years; assistant judge of county court since 1907; appointed by Governor Mead delegate to American Cattle Con- gress 1911. Member of Isle of Patmos Lodge No. 16, F. & A. M. DODGE, Clarence B., Lyndonville. Merchant. Born Thetford, Feb. 25, I86I; son of George E. and Cornelia E. (Blake) Dodge. Educated in the public schools and Lyndon Institute. In 1884 married Elva S. Palmer of Lyndon; they have one son, Ralph. Was employed in his father's furniture store until 1889, when his father died and he took charge of the business; in 1895 took as partner Claude Watson, continuing the business under the firm name of Dodge & Watson to date. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Con- gregationalist. Member of the Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows and the Red Men. DODGE, Prentiss Cutler, Randolph. Editor and publisher. Born East Mont- pelier, Feb. 13, 1849; son of Robert and Alma C. (Wheeler) Dodge. Attended public school until 13 years old, when he was apprenticed to the printer's trade in the Argus and Patriot office, Montpelier. In I869 married Emma L. Phillips of Littleton, N. H., who died in 1871; they had one son who died in infancy; in 1905 married Maude L. Taber of Minneapolis, Minn. In 1872, as manager of United States Central Publishing Co. of New York, made a tour through the Southern states; later followed calling of commer- cial traveler in various lines of trade. Burlington correspondent for Rutland Herald 1 890-1 ; editor and publisher Bur- lington Independent 1891-8; founder Granite City Leader, at Barre, 1891 ; Bur- lington correspondent Boston Daily Globe I895-I906, and for other New England and New York papers at various times; legislative correspondent St. Albans Mes- senger and Burlington Daily News, ses- sions of 1904 and 1906; member of Ullery Publishing Co., Burlington; compiled and edited Encyclopedia Vermont Biography 1912. Is a Democrat; immigrant inspec- tor district of Vermont 1893-7; chairman Democratic County Committee 1912; chairman 2nd Congressional District Com- mittee 1912; alternate delegate national Democratic convention at Baltimore 1912. In religious preference a Unitarian. Mem- ber of Vermont Press Club; past chancel- lor and charter member Champlain Lodge No. 7, K. P., and member Royal Arcanum of Burlington. DREW] MEN OF VERMONT 173 DOLEj Nelson A., Danville. Mer- chant. Born Danville^ June 21, 1859; son of Joel B., and Emily (Nutting) Dole. Educated in the public schools. In 1891 married Susan M. Durant of Danville. Has always lived in DanviUe. Followed farming previous to 1889; since then in the mercantile business. A Republican; postmaster since 1897. Was colonel on the staff of Gov. C. J. Bell from 1904 to 1906. Has been secretary and treasurer of the Danville Creamery Association since its organization in I89I and general manager since 19OO. DONOWAY, James Bernard, Middle- bury. Lawyer. Born Vergennes, March 31, 1869; son of James and Ellen (Nor- ton) Donoway. Preparatory education, Beeman Academy, New Haven; B. S. Middlebury College 1893. In 190I mar- ried Estelle Lou Kinney of South Hero; they have two children, Marion Estelle and Frances Ellen. Studied law with Hon. Seneca Haselton, Burlington; ad- mitted to Bar 1896; engaged in practice at Middlebury since 1899. A Republican; states attorney Addison County 1900-4; member of Vermont Senate 1908, member judiciary committee, revision, rules, and chairman of committee on corporations; attorney for town of Middlebury. Mem- ber Masonic fraternity. Knights of Pyth- ias, and Delta Upsilon fraternity. DOWNER, Charles, Sharon. Busi- ness man. Born Sharon, May 14, 1866; son of Chester and Frances E. (Shepard) Downer. Educated at Boston Latin School, Boston, Mass.; Harvard' College, and Harvard Law School; degrees from Harvard University A. B. and LL. B. Mr. Downer is unmarried. A Republican; represented Sharon in the Legislature 1898 and 1904; senator from Windsor County 1902; delegate to Republican na- tional convention 1904; member Repub- lican State committee. Member Union Club of Boston; Harvard Club of New York; Harvard Club of Boston; Kitchi Gammi Club of Duluth, Minn. ; and Lake Mitchell Trout Club of Sharon. DRAPER, Fred Wilson, Enosburg Falls. Banker. Born Sheldon, Aug. 12, 1858; son of Wilson and Martha (Kim- ball) Draper. Educated at Montpelier Seminary, graduated 1878. In 1889 mar- ried Lucy A., daughter of Gen. and Mrs. Carmi L. Marsh of Enosburg Falls; they have one daughter, Ruth. Learned the drug business at Essex, N. Y. ; went to Boston and became clerk in Parker House, continuing six years; engaged in farming at Enosburg until organization of Enos- burg Falls Savings Bank and Trust Co. in 1899, when he became its treasurer, continuing to date; for past 15 years has operated a successful creamery in connec- tion with farm at North Sheldon; in 19IO organized and became the president of the Domina Mfg. Co. for the development of the water power for electric lights and power and the manufacture of hardwood flooring. A Republican; has held many of the town offices. A Methodist. Mem- ber of Lincoln Lodge No. 78, F. & A. M. DREW, Gardner A., Barton. Retired manufacturer. Born Stanstead, P. Q., Sept. 9, 1838; son of Arba Stimpson and Sarepta (Burr) Drew. Educated at pub- lic schools and Derby Academy. In 1862 married Edna E. Camp of Derby; they have one son, Arthur S. Previous to 1908 was engaged in the manufacture of doors, blinds, and house finishings at Barton; was overseer of construction of school building in Barton 1906-8. Is a Repub- lican; represented Barton in Legislature I9O8. DREW, Ira Walton, Philadelphia, Pa. Osteopathic physician. Born Hard- wick, Vt., Aug. 31, 1878; son of John H. and Fannie (Walton) Drew. Edu- cated at St. Johnsbury public schools, Hardwick Academy, and Philadelphia College of Osteopathy. In 1912 married Margaret Spencer of Brooklyn, Ont. Learned printer's trade on St. Johnsbury Caledonian, later reporter for that paper; became reporter for Burlington Fr.ee Press in 1899, was later news editor on Boston American, Boston Herald, and Philadelphia North American. Began practice of osteopathy in Philadelphia in 1911. Served ten years in Vermont Na- tional Guard as private and on non-com- missioned staff. A Republican. An Episcopalian; director Bethesda Rescue Mission for Men in Philadelphia. Mem- ber Burlington Lodge, F. & A. M., former senior warden; Burlington Chapter, R. A. M. ; Vermont Consistory, Scottish Rite Masons; Burlington Lodge of Elks, 174 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [DBOUIN former secretary; Phildelphia Pen and Pencil Club; Boston Press Club; Phila- delphia Continental Republican Club; secretary Philadelphia Union Republican Club; president Philadelphia Southern Osteopathic Dispensary Association ; former national treasurer Iota Tau Sigma Fraternity; member American Osteo- pathic Association; Pennsylvania Osteo- pathic Association; Philadelphia County Osteopathic Society; Cynwyd Neighbor- hood Club, and Cynwyd Country Club. DROUIN, John A., St. Johnsbury. Physician. Born at St. Johnsbury, Jan. 1, 1879; son of J. O. and Mary (Rich- ard) Drouin. Educated at St. Johnsbury parochial school, Barbour's Business Col- lege; studied languages and science at Sherbrooke and Quebec Seminaries; medi- cine at Laval and Baltimore Medical Schools, graduating from the latter with honorable mention. Employed during two years at private hospital at Brattleboro; and is now a general practitioner. Has given much time to music, having studied under leading teachers in Canada ; organist at college and university chapels; assist- ant to the regular organist at the Quebec basilica; choirmaster at Burlington; at present organist and choirmaster at Notre Dame Church, directing a men's and boys' choir of thirty voices and a mixed choir of about twenty-five voices; is well known for his interpretation of Catholic church music. Is independent in politics. Mem- ber of several fraternal, medical, college, and musical organizations. DROWN, George B., Sharon. Hotel keeper. Born Sharon, July 12, 1861; son of Charles I. and Diana C. (Porter) Drown. Educated in the public schools. In 1883 married Minnie A. Howe of Sharon; they have one son, Mark G. En- gaged in the hotel and livery business since IplO. A Republican; selectman 1880-3; road commissioner 1900-5; lister and overseer of the poor several years; justice of the peace for past 10 years; chairman Republican town committee sev- eral years; represented Sharon in the Legislature 1910; a member of committee on highways and bridges. In religious preference a Congregationalist. Member Sharon Lodge Xo. 105, F. & A. M., and of Sharon Grange. DUHAMEL, Treffle Isidore, Bur- lington. Druggist. Born Burlington, April 4, 1872; son of Leanide and Elmire (Vincent) Duhamel. Educated at the French parochial school, and a graduate of St. Joseph's College 1888. After leaving college was engaged for three years at the drug store of J. W. O'SulUvan; was five years with W. H. Zottman & Co., and one year with Eugene Gosselin & Bros. In 1897 purchased drug store on Elmwood Avenue, which he still conducts. Is a member of St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church; member of the choir since 1890; for the past nine years director of funeral services; is a member of St. Joseph's So- ciety; L'Union St. Jean Baptiste; Order of Elks; Knights of Columbus; Modern Woodmen of America; Chevaliers de Champlain; Montcalm Club; National As- sociation of Retail Druggists; Vermont State Pharmaceutical Association; and Burlington Retail Druggists' Association. DUKESHIRE, Willard Baker. St. Albans. Clergyman. Born Maitland, N. S., 1861 ; son of Isaac and Eliza (Leadbetter) Dukeshire. Educated at Maine Wesleyan Seminary, Kent's Hill, Me., and Wesleyan University, class of 1892. In 1896 mar- ried Harriet Pennell of Brunswick, Me.; they have two sons, Robert Pennell and Theodore Skolfield. Mr. Dukeshire was a member of Maine Methodist Episcopal Conference, with pastorates at Brunswick, 1892-1895, and Farmington, 1895-9; of East Maine Conference, with pastorate at Orono 1899-1904; and is now a member of Vermont Conference, with pastorates at Montpelier, 1904-7, and Barton, since 1907. Is a Republican; member Psi Upsi- lon fraternity; Orleans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M. ; and is an Odd Fellow. DUNKLEE, Adelbeht Admiral, Ver- non. Farmer. Born Vernon, April 19, 1863; son of Nelson and Orsaline (Stod- dard) Dunklee. Educated at Vernon pub- lic schools, and Powers Institute, Ber- nardston, Mass. In 1886 married' Flor- ence Esther Brown of Vernon; they have three children, Louella Florence (Mrs C S. Tenney, Northfield, Mass.), Ernest Walter, and Warren Bi^by, both students at Mt. Hermon School. Taught school- Chesterfield, N. H., and Westminster, Vt" four terms, then took charge of hig f "' C/^^tPTiy^njbnx DURICK] MEN OF VERMONT 175 ther's farm at Vernon, which he purchased two years later and where he has carried on quite an extensive dairy' business ever since. A Republican; represented Ver- non in the Legislature 1902; superintend- ent of schools three years ; member of the school board 10 years and chairman for several years past; town treasurer for past 14 years; justice of the peace for 22 years; selectman, road commissioner and lister several times. Member of the Ad- vent Christian Church of South Vernon; treasurer of the church several years; superintendent of the Sunday school more than 20 years. Was first master of the State Line Grange of South Vernon. DUNNETT, Alexander, St. Johns- bury. Lawyer. Born Peacham, Nov. 29, 1832; son of Andrew and Christianna (Galbraith) Dunnett. Educated at pub- lic schools of Peacham and Ryegate, New- bury Seminary, Mclndoes Academy, and Randolph Normal School. In 1879 mar- ried Ella J. White of Ryegate; she died in 1881 ; in 1884 married Sarah M. Towne of Barre; she died in 1888; in 1890 mar- ried Mrs. Ella Chalmers of St. Johnsbury. Studied law with Hon. Nelson L. Boyden of Randolph and at the law school of Boston University; admitted to Vermont Bar 1877; practiced law at South Ryegate until 1883, when he moved to St. Johns- bury and formed a partnership with A. F. Nichols, Esq., which continued until 1886; since 1893 has been a member of the law firm of Dunnett & Slack. Is a Republi- can; state's attorney Caledonia County 1886-90; senator from Caledonia County 1900; chairman Republican state conven- tion; U. S. district attorney, district of Vermont, since October, I906. Is a Uni- tarian. Past master of Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M., of Wells River; past high priest of Haswell Chapter No. 11, R. A. M.; member of Caledonia Council No. IS, R. & S. M.; and Palestine Commandery No. 5, K. T. DUNTON, Charles Howard, Poult- ney. Educator. Born Underbill, Jan. 24, 1844; son of Elijah and Mary Ann (French) Dunton. Prepared for college at New Hampton Institution, Fairfax; graduated from University of Vermont 1870; student Boston Theological Semi- nary 1871-72; D. D., Syracuse Univer- sity, 1886. In 1872 married Annette W. Belding, daughter of Judge Samuel Bel- ding, Johnson. Ordained to ministry of Methodist Episcopal Church 1872; pastor Manchester 1872-74; member of the Gen- eral Conference in 1892. Superintendent of schools for Manchester, 1873; teacher of mathematics in Troy Conference Acad- emy 1874-77, then principal of that in- stitution from 1877 until 1897, when, on account of poor health, he resigned; for two years examiner of teachers for Rut- land County; served as dean of Claflin University 1899; in 1900 recalled to the principalship of Troy Conference Acad- emy, which position he resigned in 1912; is the oldest in service of the secondary school principals of the state; was State Normal School examiner 1881-91. He served as a private in the 13th Vermont Regiment in the Civil War. A represen- tative of Vermont in the Interstate Edu- cational Convention at Louisville, 1883, which framed the "Blair Bill"; member of Vermont House of Representatives 1898-1 900, chairman committee on educa- tion. For three years president of the Association of Principals of Conference Academies; 1905-09 president of Vermont State Anti-Saloon League. Upon the in- corporation of the village of Poultney, he was elected its fiirst president; after three successive elections, resigned in I9IO. By appointment of Governor Mead, delegate to the Interstate Liquor Traflic Confer- ence in Washington, D. C, Dec. 14, 1911. Is a member of Joyce Post No. 49, G. A. R., and its commander. DURICK, Jeremiah C, Fair Haven. Insurance and real estate. Born Castle- ton, Sept. 18, 1869; son of John and Helen (Copps) Durick. Educated in the public schools of Castleton, and Albany (N. YO Commercial College. In 1905 married Mary A. Breman of Fair Haven; they have two daughters, Mary Helen and Margaret. When a boy learned the trade of marble cutting; for the past 13 years has conducted a general insurance business in Castleton and Fair Haven. A Democrat; represented Castleton in the Legislature 1902 and 1904; member of railroad committee 1902 and sub-commit- tee of senate and house which drew the law reorganizing the railroad commission. Constable and tax collector. Fair Haven, since 1908. A Roman Catholic. Member of Knights of Columbus, first grand knight 176 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [DUTTON of Fair Haven Council No. 810, which office he held for five successive terms; also member Prospect Grange No. 429, of Fair Haven. DUTTON, Jacob Fifeld, Montpelier. Commercial traveler. Born Hardwick, Oct. 15, 1858; son of Zalmon S. and Sallie (Henderson) Button. Educated in the public schools and Hardwick Academy. In 1881 married Nellie J. Bedell of Hard- wick; they have four children, Harold B., Lou M., Ruth G., and Wentworth H. Has been a commercial traveler for 30 years, mostly in New England; is president of Montpelier Real Estate Co. Is a Repub- lican. In religious belief a Congrega- tionalist; chairman of prudential commit- tee for several years. A member of New England Order of Protection. DUTTON, Walter A., Hardwick. Lawyer. Born Walden, Jan. 21, I860; son of Alonzo E. and Elizabeth F. (Dutton) Dutton. Educated in the public schools of Walden, St. Johnsbury and Hardwick Academies, and Montpelier Seminary; studied law in the office of Hon. George W. Wing, Montpelier; admitted to Ver- mont Bar 1885. In 1886 married Nellie C. Place of Hardwick; they have one daughter, Alice M. Has practiced law since 1895; in partnership with William H. Taylor 1895-1906; in 1910 formed partnership with Bernard J. Mulcalm. Is a Republican. Member of the Methodist Episcopal Church; and the Knights of Pythias. DYER, Frank C, Salisbury. Mer- chant. Born Salisbury, June 10, 1866; son of John Morton and Sarah E. (Cur- tis) Dyer. Educated in the public schools, and Beeman Academy, New Haven. In 1891 married Jessie E. Beaudry of Rutland; they have two chil- dren, Jessie Marguerite and Carroll Francis. Since 1892 Mr. Dyer has been engaged in general mercantile business in Salisbury; store and contents destroyed by fire in 1910, but rebuilt. A Republican; represented Salisbury in the Legislature 1896, chairman of committee on Vermont Industrial School; was postmaster from 1898 to 1906; deputy sheriff 1899 to 1906; school director, and chairman of the board since I9OO; has been member of the board of selectmen, and held minor town offices; elected assistant judge of the Ad- dison County Court in 1906, and re- elected 1 908; secretary of Addison County Agricultural Society 1887-91 and 1895- 7, president of the society 1904-5, and again elected secretary I9II. Was chair- man of Republican county committee 1904-8. Has been member of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church 17 years, nearly all of which time he has been member of the official board; has been a delegate to three Lay Electoral Conferences of the church; was a delegate to the congress of the laymen's missionary movement held at Chicago 1910. Member of Union Lodge No. 2, F. & A. M. ; Potter Chapter No. 22, R. A. M.; Middlebury Council No. 14, R. & S. M. ; Mount Calvary Commandery No. I, Knights Templar; and Otter Creek Lodge, Knights of Pythias. DYER, William H., Middletown Springs. Merchant. Born Salisbury, Aug. 15, 1871 ; son of John M. and Sarah E. (Curtis) Dyer. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Beeman Academy, New Haven. In 1893 married Lizzie B. Whit- ney of Salisbury; they have two daugh- ters, Gladys Emma and Marion Sarah. Engaged in farming for 10 years; in 1 899 removed to Middletown Springs, and conducted a general mercantile business, which he has continued to date. Is a Re- publican; town clerk and justice of the peace for the past 10 years; has also served as selectman, and in various other town offices; represented Middletown Springs in the Leadslature 1904; member of the general committee, serving as its secretary. In religious preference a Con- gregationalist. Member of Morning Star Lodge No. 37, F. & A. M.; Poultney Chapter No. 10, R. A. M.; Killington Commandery No. 6, K. T. ; Cairo Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Rutland; and Mid- dletown Springs Grange No. 288. EASTMAN, Albert Clinton, Wood- stock. Physician. Born Barnard, Sept. II, 1879; son of Horace A. and Martha A. (Perry) Eastman. Educated at Wood- stock High School and University of Ver- mont Medical College, M. D. 1903, gradu- ating second in a class of thirty-two. In 1903 married Angela E. French of Bar- nard. They have one daughter, Elaine French. Has been engaged in the practice of medicine in Woodstock since 1903. Is EDDY] MEN OF VERMONT 177 a Republican. In religious belief a Uni- versalist. A member of Woodstock Lodge No. 46, F. & A. M.; Vermont State Medi- cal Society, and White River Valley Medi- cal Society. EATON, Francis Arthur, Randolph. Osteopathic physician. Born Randolph, Oct. 23, 1870; son of Daniel Webster and Ellen C. (Orcutt) Eaton. Educated at Randolph State Normal School, class of 1887; Norwich University, class of 1891, and graduate of American School of Os- teopathy January, 1900. In 1901 mar- ried EUa H. Cushman of Randolph. Taught school 1887-8; served apprentice- ship in pharmacy with C. A. Smith, Barre, 1891-3; was proprietor of Crescent Phar- macy, Barre, 1893-6; practiced osteopathy Philadelphia, Pa., 1900-1; Randolph, 1902-3; Maiden, Mass., 1904-5; and in Randolph 1905 to present time. Is a Democrat; village trustee. Member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mem- ber of Hiawatha Lodge No. 20, I. O. O. F.; Sons of Veterans; the Red Men; and the Theta Chi, Norwich University. EATON, Harvey W., Bradford. Lum- ber manufacturer. Born Danville, Aug. 27, 1878; son of George E. and Josephine (Walker) Eaton. Educated at St. Johns- bury Academy. In 1902 married Lulu F. Sanderson of Troy, N. Y. ; they have two children, George H. and Lester W. In business in a general store in Brad- ford 1901-3; in the lumber business since that time. Is director in the Bradford National Bank. Mr. Eaton is a Repub- lican, and has held most of the important town and village offices ; represented Brad- ford in the Legislature 191O. In relig- ious preference an Episcopalian; member Charity Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M.; Mt. Lebanon Chapter No. 13, R. A. M.; Pal- estine Commandery No. 5, K. T. ; and Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine. EATON, Oscar G., Waitsfield. Un- dertaker. Born Bakersfield, Feb. 26, 1858; son of Jairus and Hannah (Gid- dings) Eaton. Educated in the public schools. In 1876 married Alice J. Mills of Warren; they have two sons, Fred J. and Frank L. Followed farming until 28 years of age; employed in a hardware store five years, when he purchased a tin and hardware business in Waitsfield, con- tinuing same until 1897, when he engaged in the lumber business for nine years, owning two sawmills in Waitsfield; for several years has been engaged in the undertaking business. A Republican; has held the offices of constable, auditor, lister, and for two years moderator; represented Waitsfield in the Legislature 1902; sena- tor from Washington County 1904. A member of Masonic fraternity for 20 j^ears; the Order of Odd Fellows about 30 years, has filled all the chairs and was district deputy grand master 1894; mem- ber of the Grange. EDDY, Arthur William, Middlebury. Superintendent of schools. Born De Kalb, N. Y., Feb. 24, 1876; son of Frank Deloss and Emily M. (Bentley) Eddy. Edu- cated at Rensselaer Falls, N. Y., graded school, 'Potsdam (N. Y.) Normal School, class of 1897, and Middlebury College 1904. In 1898 married Ella Grace Hol- ton of Potsdam, N. Y. ; they have one daughter, Ruth. Was teacher of rural school, Morristown, N. Y., 1894; prin- cipal North Bangor (N. Y.) Union School 1 897-1900 ; principal Beeman Academy, New Haven, 1904-7; superintendent of town schools, New Haven, 1905-7; super- intendent of schools, New Haven Valley Union, 1907-11 ; of Middlebury Union, 1911 to the present time; president of Ver- mont State Association of Union Superin- tendents 1907-9; county examiner of teach- ers, Addison County, 1908-9; trustee Bris- tol Public Library 19O8-II; assistant treasurer Addison County Agricultural So- ciety, 1909-11 ; auditor 1911. Is a Re- publican. A Congregationalist. A mem- ber of the Grange since I9O6; master of Beaver Glen Grange, New Haven, 1907; treasurer of Bristol Grange 1909-11; a master Mason; member of the Delta Upsi- lon and Phi Beta Kappa fraternities; clerk of county committee of Y. M. C. A. of Addison County; councillor of Green Mountain Club for Addison County. EDDY, Charles Fremont, Stowe. Merchant and manufacturer. Born Hun- tington, April 27, 1857; son of George and Hannah M. (Tolmenson) Eddy. Edu- cated in the public schools and Johnson Normal School. In 1882 married Dora S. Stoddard of Fayston; they have one daughter, Floy M. (Mrs. Clayton Boyce of Montpelier). Reared on a farm, he 12 178 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEKMONT BIOGEAPHY [EDDY followed farming summers and taught school winters until he was married; then farmed and engaged in buying farm pro- duce and stock until 1892, when he built his first creamery at Moretown; now has creameries in Montpelier, Stowe, West- minster, Cavendish, Hortonville (Hub- bardton), Richville in Shoreham, Under- hiU, Sheldon, Island Pond, North Thet- ford, Waterbury Center, and Morrisville, a total of 13, with a capacity of 110,000 lbs. of butter weekly during the summer season besides the cream, buttermilk, cot- tage cheese, skimmilk, dried curd products, etc., shipped to Boston and other New England centers. Is a Republican; rep- resented Stowe in the Legislature 1904; member of the committee on agriculture. A Unitarian. Member of Mystic Lodge No. 56, F. & A. M., of Stowe; Tucker Chapter No. 15, R. A. M., and Lamoille Commandery No. 13, K. T., of Morris- ville; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine, Montpelier; Valley Lodge No. 16, I. O. O. F., Waitsfield; Alhambra Encampment No. 20, Patriarchs Militant, I. O. O. F., Waterbury; Burlington Lodge No. 231, United Commercial Travellers, Burling- ton; the Grange; and the Fat Men's Club. EDDY, Hermon Elmer, Brattleboro. Lawyer. Born Stratton, June 13, 1881; son of Elmer A. and Inez T. (Pike) Eddy. Educated at Brattleboro Academy, Colgate University, and University of Ver- mont. In 1902 married Bernice A. Waite of Wardsboro; they have two daughters, Doris M. and Marjorie A. Was admitted to the Bar of Vermont in 1907, and has practiced law in Brattleboro since. Is a Republican; represented Stratton in the Legislature in 1902. Is a Baptist. Mem- ber of Alpha Lambda Chapter, Kappa Sigma. EDDY, Merritt Otis, Jericho. Phy- sician. Born Townshend, Feb. 26, 1877; son of Willard H. and Mary Jane (La- kin) Eddy. Educated in the public schools of Townshend; graduated from Leland and Gray Seminary 1896; and received degree of M. D. from Tufts College medi- cal school, Boston, Mass., 1905. In 1904 married Mildred Dane Hooper of Wake- field, Mass. ; they have two children, Alice G. and Richard H. Assistant medical di- rector Young Men's Christian Union, Bos- ton, Mass., 1904-5; practiced his profes- sion in Readsboro for five years; removed to Jericho 1911, and purchased the prac- tice of Dr. H. D. Hopkins; is examiner for six insurance companies. Is a Repub- lican; has held several minor town offices. Member of First Congregational Church, J ericho. Member of - American Medical Association; Northern Berkshire Medical Society, Massachusetts; Blazing Star Lodge No. 23, F. & A. M., Townshend; and Mansfield Grange No. 441, of Jeri- cho. EDGERTON, Edward Henry, Roches- ter. Lawyer. Born Warren, Aug. 31, 1863; son of Benjamin S. and Mary E. (Eldredge) Edgerton. Educated at Barre Academy, graduate of class of 1885. In 1892 married Bertha Fuller of Hermon, N. Y. ; they have one son, Lawrence. Lo- cated in Rochester 1890. Is treasurer of the White River Lumber Co., which for- merly was engaged in the manufacture of lumber, but is now conserving its holdings of wild land as an investment. Is a Re- publican; represented Rochester in the Legislature 1906 and 1908; senator from Windsor County 1910; in 1906 served on committees on municipal corporations and state and court expenses; in I9O8 chair- man of committee on elections, and mem- ber of committee on judiciary; in the sen- ate was chairman of committee on corpora- tions, and member of committee on judi- ciary. Has been selectman, town agent, and town clerk for several years. Mem- ber of Ezekiel Emerson Camp No. 26, Sons of Veterans. EDMUNDS, George Franklin, Bris- tol. Physician and surgeon. Born Iras- burg, Oct. 30, 1862; son of William and Abigail Hoyt (Bryant) Edmunds. Edu- cated in the primary schools of Irasburg, Barton and St. Johnsbury Academies, University of Vermont, and Baltimore Medical College. In 1886 married Mattie O. Somers of Hinesburg, who died 1899; they had five children, of whom three daughters are living, Mary Kathleen, Marjorie Abigail, and Florence Edith; in 1901 married Mrs. Frances (Dunning) Edmunds of Bangor, Me. Taught school three years while acquiring education; be- gan practice of medicine in 1 892 at Hines- burg; in I894 located in Bristol, where he has since done a general practice. Member of Vermont State Medical Soci- EELS] MEN OF VERMONT 179 ety, and American Medical Association. A Republican. A Congregationalist. Mem- ber of Phi Chi College fraternity; past master of Libanus Lodge No. 47, F. & A. M. ; member of Mt. Calvary Command- ery No. 1, K. T.; and Mt. Sinai Temple. EDMUNDS, George Franklin, Pasa- dena, Cal. Lawyer. Born Richmond, Vt., Feb. 1, 1828; son of Ebenezer and Naomi (Briggs) Edmunds. Educated in common schools and with private tutor. Studied law in office of A. B. Maynard, Richmond, 1846-7; and Smalley & Phelps, Burling- ton, 1847-9; admitted to Vermont Bar 1849, and to partnership with Mr. Mav- nard in Richmond; removed to Burling- ton 1851, where he soon forged his way to the front against such formidable com- petitors as Ex-Lieutenant Governor Un- derwood, Edward J. Phelps, and David A. Smalley. Represented Burlington in Vermont Legislature 1854-59; speaker 1856-9; senator from Chittenden County and president pro tern 1861 and 1862; United States senator 1866-91; resigned. Member Electoral Commission 1877; largely supported for president of United States in national Republican convention 1880. Author of act of March 22, 1882, for suppression of polygamy in Utah and disfranchisement of those who practice it, known as Edmunds Act; also of the anti- trust law of 1890; president pro tem of U. S. Senate during presidency of Gen. Chester A. Arthur; was leader in Senate on Republican side; notable as a consti- tutional lawyer. In 1897 became chair- man of Monteray Commission appointed by executive committee of the Indianapo- lis Conference. Residence, 841 So. Orange Grove Ave., Pasadena, Cal. EDMUNDS, Thomas P., Poultney. Insurance. Born Corwen, Wales, Aug. 25, 1873; son of Richard W. and Jane (Roberts) Edmunds. Educated in the public schools. In 1900 married Mar- garet Morris of Poultney. At age of twelve began business life as quarryman in Poultney; in 1902 took up insurance work as local agent Metropolitan Life In- surance Co.; in 1903 assistant superin- tendent Metropolitan Co. at Rutland, con- tinuing two and one-half years, when he returned to Poultney and engaged in gen- eral insurance for himself, continuing to date. A Republican; justice of the peace; deputy sheriff Rutland County since 1910. A Methodist. Member Center Lodge No. 34, F. & A. M., of Rutland; past grand Netis Lodge No. 25, I. O. 0. F., of Poult- ney, and member financial committee of the Grand Lodge of Vermont; Mystic En- campment No. 16; and the Order of Knights of Pythias. EDSON, Dean W., Montpelier. Print- er. Born Marshfield, Sept. 5, 1874; son of Ira H. and Eunice T. Edson. Edu- cated in the public schools. In 1898 married Ella M. Chandler of Middlesex; they have three children, Marcia H., El- roy W., and Esther E. Commenced busi- ness in 1902 as owner and manager of a job printing office. Is a Unitarian. Mem- ber of Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M., master in 1904; King Solomon Chapter No. 7, R. A. M. ; Montpelier Council No. 4, R. & S. M. ; Mount Zion Commandery No. 9, Knights Templar; Mount Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; Montpelier Lodge, B. P. O. E.; has been a member of Montpelier MiUtary Band 18 years. EDWARDS, Leslie Stewart, Brattle- boro. Dentist. Born Brattleboro, Aug. 11, 1877; son of Abbott S. and Emily (Cut- ting) Edwards. A graduate of Brattleboro High School, and dental department Bal- timore Medical College. In 1904 married Clarissa M. Reed of Vernon. They have one daughter, Dorothy Miller Edwards. After his graduation from Baltimore Medical College in 1902, he began the practice of dentistry in Brattleboro, which he still successfully continues. Dr. Ed- wards is a member of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M. EELS, George Asa, Brattleboro. Re- tired. Born Chesterfield, N. H., Nov. 10, 1853; son of William B. and Almira (Boyden) Eels. Educated in the public schools. In 1875 married Jennie A. Ab- bott of Brattleboro; they have three chil- dren, Lena Abbott, Grace Almira, and Alice Ada. In 1882 became partner in the firm of C. H. Eddy & Co., manufac- turers of extracts and carbonated bever- ages, continuing until 1907, when he be- came sole owner, doing business under name of C. H. Eddy & Co. until I91O, when he sold his interest and is now re- tired. Is a Democrat. Member of Ver- mont Wheel Club; director Brattleboro Trust Co. 180 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [EGG EGG, Cecil George, Montpelier. ]Musician. Born Hamilton, Ont., June 29, 1879; son of Charles Henry and Rebecca (Taylor) Egg. Educated in public and senior schools; began the study of music at the age of eight, receiving instruction from his mother, and at same age joined the choir of St. George's church, Montreal, where, later, he was soprano soloist for four years and won many prizes for sing- ing; studied piano, organ, singing com- position, and history of music at Dominion College of Music, Montreal, from which he graduated with degree 1899; has made a special study of pipe organ and boy choir training; has secured honors in two ex- aminations in piano playing. In 1899 passed first examination for degree of bachelor of music at Bishop's College, Lenoxville, P. Q. In 1904 married Violet Turner of Montreal; they have two children, Hartwell Ernest andMargaret Cecil. In 1899 was organist St. Barna- bas' Church, Montreal; in 19OO director of music at Trinity Church, Shelburne; since I9O8 has been musical director Christ Episcopal church choir, Montpel- ier; supervisor of music in the public schools; Montpelier, and teacher of piano, organ, and singing; In religious belief is an Episcopalian. Member of Friendship Lodge No. 24, F. & A. M., Charlotte; Burlington Chapter No. 8, E. A. M.; and Camp 9904, Modern Woodmen of America, Shelburne. ELDRIDGE, William Henry, Twin Falls, Idaho. Merchant. Born East Middlebury, July 23, 1 873 ; son of George Henry and Eliza Ann (Judge) Eldridge. Graduated from Middlebury High School 1891, and Middlebury College, A. B., 1895. Entered the employ of the Ver- mont Marble Co., Proctor, Vt., 1896; was bookkeeper there and at their branch of- fice in New York City until September, 1898, when he was elected treasurer of the Proctor Trust Co.; held the position until Oct., 1905, when he was forced by ill health to move West; was village treasurer of Proctor, and the first presi- dent of the Proctor Y. M. C. A. Settled in Twin Falls, Ida., Dec. 1905, and established the Eldridge Clothing Co., April 1, 1906. Was secretary of the board of education 19O8-IO; appointed by Governor Hawley a trustee of the State Normal School at Albion, Ida., I9II. Is vice-president of the First National Bank of Twin Falls; president of the Mer- chants' and Manufacturers' Association; director of the Commercial Club, and a director of the "Old Settlers of Twin Falls County." A Republican. Member of the Union Church of Proctor, Vt. Member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity; Knights of Pythias; Order of Elks; President of Twin Falls Society of Vermonters; member of New England Historic-Genealogical Society; Society of Colonial Wars, and Sons of the American Revolution; was the first person living west of the Mississippi river to join the Green Mountain Club. ELLIOTT, David Adams, White River Junction. Merchant. Born Roxham, P. Q., Aug. 30, 1864; son of Thomas and Nancy (Adams) Elliott. Educated in the public schools of Roxham, P. Q. In 1900 married Helen Marr Prentiss of St. Al- bans. Lived on a farm until 24 years of age; worked in the offices of the Central Vermont Railway Co. two years; physical director in a gymnasium two years; clerk in hardware stores in St. Albans and Brat- tleboro for a number of years ; since April 1, 1904, has been proprietor of hardware store at White River Junction. Is a Re- publican; member of Republican commit- tee, town of Hartford, 1908-10; repre- sented Hartford in the Legislature 1910, with assignments to the committees on ap- propriations, manufactures, joint commit- tee on temperance, and special committee on the Austine Institution. Religious pref- erence, Protestant Episcopal. Member of United Brethren Lodge No. 21, F. & A. M.; Cascadnac Chapter No. 27, R. A. M.; Windsor Council No. 8, R. & S. M. ; Ver- mont Commandery No. 4, K. T. ; Windsor Lodge of Perfection, A. A. S. R.; J. W. Roby Council, Princes of Jerusalem ; Delta Chapter of Rose Croix; Vermont Consis- tory, 32nd degree; Red Cross of Constan- tine; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. ; Wenona Chapter No. 43, O. E. S. ; has held the following offices in Masonic bod- ies: past master Franklin Lodge No. 4; secretary United Brethren Lodge No. 21 ; past high priest Champlain Chapter No. 1, and Cascadnac Chapter No. 27; past thrice illustrious master Windsor Council No. 8; generalissimo Vermont Command- ery No. 4, K. T.; thrice potent master Windsor Lodge of Perfection, A. A. S. R. ; EMERY] MEN OF VERMONT 181 grand lecturer Grand Lodge of Vermont, F. & A. M. ; past grand high priest Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Vermont; past grand master Grand Council of Vermont, R. & S. M. ; and past worthy patron Wen- ona Chapter No. 43, O. E. S. ELLIS, Edwin Baruch, Northfield. Granite manufacturer. Born Prospect, Me., Sept. 5, 1856; son of Baruch and Lydia (Cross) Ellis. Educated in the public schools, and prepared for East Maine Conference Seminary at Bucksport, Me.; in 1880 married Josephine Coombs of Bucksport, Me.; they have three chil- dren, Irving C, Mildred, and Richard G. Has been engaged in the granite business since 1870; established the corporation of the E. B. Ellis Granite Co. in 1903; and developed the Bethel white granite quar- ries at Bethel; has performed many large and important contracts, including the fur- nishing of the cut granite work for the Washington Union Station and the Na- tional Museum, Washington, D. C; is also owner of the Keene granite quarries at Keene, N. H., having acquired same in 1910. Is a Democrat. In religious preference a Universalist. Member of Bunker Hill Lodge, I. O. O. F., of Charlestown, Mass.; was member of the degree staff for several years. ELLIS, Irving Clendenen, North- field. Granite manufacturer. Born Bucksport, Me., Sept. 16, 1880; son of Edwin Baruch and Josephine (Coombs) Ellis. Educated in the public schools of Charlestown, Mass., and Northfield, and Norwich University, graduate of class of 1901. In 1907 married Beryl Gilman of Brattleboro. Has been in the granite business of quarrying and manufacturing monumental and building work since 1901. Is a member of the corporation of the E. B. Ellis Granite Co., of Northfield and Bethel; has been its treasurer for several years; is now 2nd vice president. Is a Democrat. An attendant of the Univer- salist Church, trustee and treasurer of the society. Past master of DeWitt Clinton Lodge No. 15, F. & A. M.; member King Solomon Chapter, Mt. Zion Commandery, Vermont Consistory, Mt. Sinai Temple, and Order of the Eastern Star; member and secretary of Northfield Commercial Club; and director of Northfield Trust Co. ELLIS, Zenas H., Fair Haven. Farm- er. Born Fair Haven, Jan. 22, I860; son of Zenas C. and Sarah B. (Dyer) Ellis. His first ancestor to this country was Roger Williams, a Welshman, born I6O6, and who became the first governor of the Colony of Rhode Island; two of his great grandfathers were officers in the War of the American Revolution, and one of them was with Ethan Allen at the capture of Fort Ticonderoga in 1775. Graduated from Fair Haven High School 1877, and Phillips Exeter (N. H.) Academy 1879- Director First National Bank, Fair Ha- ven, since 1886; vice-president 1891-9; president since 1909. Has traveled ex- tensively in his own country, Canada, Europe, Asia, Africa, Mexico and the In- dies. An independent Republican; chair- man Republican town committee 1902; represented Fair Haven in the Legisla- ture 1902, member of ways and means committee, and joint committee on temper- ance; chairman second independent state convention I906. Member of American Academy of Political and Social Science; National Geographic Society; Vermont Botanical Club, and Order of Colonial Governors. ELLSWORTH, Asaph Kenfield, Cambridge. Dental surgeon. Born Cam- bridge, June 27, 1839; son of Horace and Maria (Walker) Ellsworth. Educated in the public schools. Underbill High School and Bakersfield Academy; studied dentist- ry with J. S. Mowe, Morrisville, and E. H. Carter, Burlington. In 1859 married Sophronia Vaughan of Plattsburg, N. Y., who died 1879; they had two children, Horace Vaughan and Martha Maria; in 1880 married Mary AUce Walker of Cam- bridge. Has practiced dentistry in Cam- bridge since 1861. A Republican. A member of the Methodist Episcopal Church since 1880; superintendent of the Sunday school for seven years. EMERY, Curtis Stanton, Newport. Lawyer. Born Brookfield, Nov. 6, I86I; son of Amos and Sarah M. (Hibbard) Emery. Educated in the public schools of Brookfield and Chelsea, and Chelsea Acad- emy. In 1884 married Harriet J. Ordway of Tunbridge; they have three children, Sallie Helena, Donald, and Doris Eliza- beth. Read law with C. W. Clarke and A. S. Austin at Chelsea; admitted to the 182 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEKMONT BIOGRAPHY [ENGLISH Vermont Bar, and began practice at Chel- sea December, 1883. For seven years was cashier First National Bank of Chelsea; is a director of the Union Mutual Fire Insurance Co., and the Passumpsic Tele- phone Co.; president of Frontier Electric Co.; and was for two years president of the People's Telephone Co. Is a Repub- lican; county commissioner Orange Coun- ty 1885-96; town clerk, Chelsea, 1894; clerk of Orange County 1894-05, when he resigned to become collector of customs, district of Memphremagog ; represented Chelsea in the Legislature 1888, being the youngest member in the House, his father being a member of the same house from the town of Sharon; again representative in 1898 and 1900; senator from Orange County 1902; served on staff of Gov. E. C. Smith with rank of colonel; member of executive committee of Republican state committee 1904; many years on county and town committees. A 32 degree Mason, Shriner, Knight Templar; member of Or- der of Elks; the Grange; associate mem- ber of G. A. R.; three years president Young Men's Improvement Club, New- port; and commodore Memphremagog Yacht Club. ENGLISH, Charles H., Woodstock. Rural mail carrier. Born Woodstock, Dec. 1 8, 1 841 ; son of Henry W. and EUza Ann (Steele) English. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Green Mountain Perkins Academy. In 1869 married Lizzie M. Vaughan of Woodstock, who died 1 878 ; they had two sons, Fred S. and Lewis W. ; in 1882 married Nellie E. Gilbert of Pom- fret; they have one son, Ralph G. Has been farmer and miller; rural mail car- rier since 1903. Enlisted in Co. B, 12th Vermont Infantry; mustered out July 14, 1863, by expiration of enlistment; was in the battle of Gettysburg. Is a Repub- lican; represented Woodstock in the Leg- islature 1892; has been justice of the peace for many years; treasurer of the Windsor County Agricultural Society for 1 1 years. Member and clerk of the Chris- tian Church of Woodstock for many years. Member of George C. Randall Post No. 82, G. A. R. ERWIN, Clayton Lemuel, Barton. Educator. Born Piermont, N., H., Sept. 2, 1 880 ; son of Lemuel Stuart and Marion Amanda (Rood) Erwin. Educated at Bradford Academy, graduating in 1899; Montpelier Seminary, and Dartmouth Col- lege, class of 1903. In 1906 married Cora Mae Marsh of Glover; they have two daughters, Elizabeth Marion and Ruth Arlene. Assistant principal Barton Acad- emy 1904-6, and again from 1908 to the present time; principal of Orleans High School 1906-8. A Republican; president of Barton Landing Lecture Association 1907; member of executive committee Barton Lecture Course Association. Mem- ber of Methodist Episcopal Church. Mas- ter Mason Orleans Lodge No. 55 F. & A. M. of Barton; member of Keystone Chapter, No. 16, R. A. M., Bar- ton; Malta Commandery No. 10, K. T., of Newport; captain of the host. Keystone Chapter No. 16, Barton, 1909- 10; king in same I91O-II, and high priest since 1911; member of Le Beau Lac Boat Club of Barton, and Willoughby Fish and Game Club; coach of athletic teams of Barton Academy and Barton Landing High School. ESTABROOK, Emerson, Bennington. Granite and marble dealer. Born Somer- set, July 20, 1843; son of Joel Benjamin and Sybil (Eddy) Estabrook. Educated in the public schools and Burr and Burton Seminary, Manchester. In 1865 married Cornelia Maria Hoyt of Manchester, who died in 1912; they had four children, Charles H. (deceased), Frank H. (of Portage, Wis.), Mary Frances, and Ben- jamin Norman. Began work on a farm at the age of nine years, receiving $4.50 per month, remaining five years; at 14 years received a man's wages ; at 22 began the sale of books, continuing two years ; in 1867 purchased a building at Factory Point, remodeling it to three stories with opera house therein; for two seasons man- ager Boston Opera Co., and Lotus Glee Club; since 1872 in the granite and mar- ble business with the exception of two years which he spent in laying out the Morningside Cemetery at Brattleboro, and the Bennington Park Lawn Cemetery. In I892 his block in Manchester was de- stroyed by fire with seven other buildings, when he removed to Bennington; sales- man for cemetery work to present time. In national politics a Republican. Mem- ber of the Baptist Church at Factory Point. Member of Independent Order of Odd Fellows for 45 years; past grand of ESTEY] MEN OF VEEMONT 183 subordinate and Rebekah Lodge; member Adoniram Lodge No. 42, F. & A. M., and Adoniram Chapter, R. A.. M., at Manches- ter, 44 years. ESTABROOK, John Wesley, Bran- don. Physician and surgeon. Born Sher- burne, June 13, 1871; son of Andrew F. and Augusta P. (Barr) Estabrook. Edu- cated at State Normal School, and Uni- versity of Vermont, medical department, 1895; New York Post Graduate School. In 1903 married Louise Seeley of Delhi, N. Y. ; they have two children, Viola Esta- brook and John Seeley. Practiced medi- cine in Pittsford 1896-98; at Brandon since 1898; surgeon Rutland Railroad. A Republican. A Congregationalist. Mem- ber St. Paul's Lodge No. 25, F. & A. M.; Farmer Chapter No. 10, R. A. M.; Mt. Calvary Commandery; Cairo Temple, Or- der Mystic Shrine; Vermont State and Rutland County Medical Societies. ESTEE, James Borden. Insurance. Born Milton, Wis., Feb. 8, 1856; son of Henry and Lucretia S. (Green) Estee. Educated in Illinois public schools and graduated from City and County Normal School of Peoria, 111., 1875; State Normal University, Bloomington, 111., 1881; re- ceived special instruction in language, ht- erature and science; also in medicine and law. In 1883 married Adelaide Gillan of Colfax, 111. ; they have four children. Rush G., Wanda Elizabeth (Mrs. Edward Hyde Presbrey of New York), Loraine Borden, and Marjorie Eloise. Superintendent of schools at Edgerton, Wis., Harvard, 111., and Woodstock, 111., closing that line of work in the latter place in June, 1882; began insurance work as agent for Equi- table Life Assurance Society, June 20, 1882; engaged in real estate and invest- ment securities, and was president of Citi- zens' Bank, Woonsocket, S. D.; became superintendent of agencies of Iowa Life Insurance Co., June 15, 1888, continuing till Sept. 1, 1891; general manager in Wisconsin for National Life Insurance Co. of Vermont, 1891-1904; superintendent of agencies, 1898-1911; director of the com- pany, 1901-1911 ; member of the execu- tive and finance committees, 1902-1911; second vice-president, 1902-1911, with ex- ecutive charge of the company's agency force throughout the United States. Is a Republican; United States court com- missioner for the 2nd judicial district of South Dakota; member South Dakota state central committee; clerk of the dis- trict court, Sanborn County; superintend- ent of census returns for Sanborn and Jerauld Counties, South Dakota; elected mayor of Montpelier, March 5, 1912. A Scottish Rite and York Rite Mason, and member of the Mystic Shrine; member Vermont Historical Society, Montpelier Historical Society, Montpelier Board of Trade, Apollo Club, The Club, Montpelier Country Club, National Geographic So- ciety, Connecticut Society, Founders and Patriots of America, etc. ESTEY, Jacob Gray, Brattleboro. Manufacturer. Born Brattleboro, Aug. 2, 1871; son of Julius J. and Florence (Gray) Estey. Educated at Brattleboro public schools, Vermont Academy, Sax- tons River, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1892 married Mattie H. Poor of Peabody, Mass.; they have two sons, Jacob Poor and Joseph Gray. Mr. Estey is president of the Estey Organ Co. ; vice-president Estey Piano Co. ; president People's National Bank. He served as major of the 1st Infantry, Vermont, in the war with Spain, 1898. He is a Republi- can; a Baptist; a Mason; member of New York Athletic, Army and Navy, and other city clubs. ESTEY, Julius Harry, Brattleboro. Manufacturer. Born Brattleboro, July 9, 1874; son of Julius J. and Florence (Gray) Estey. Graduated with class of 1892 Brattleboro High School. In 1895 married AUethaire Chase of Brattleboro; they have two children, Paul Chase and AUethaire Gray. Entered employ of Es- tey Organ Co. 1892; is treasurer of the company and of the Estey Piano Co. of New York; trustee and member of invest- ment board Brattleboro Savings Bank. Served 15 years in Vermont National Guard, including United States service with the First Regiment in Spanish-Am- erican war 1898; was captain and adju- tant of regiment for nine years. Is a Republican, but party free in all local or state matters; interested in village, town', and state affairs, but not politically. Is a Baptist. Member Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; Fort Dummer Chap- ter No. 12, R. A. M.; Connecticut Valley Council No. 16, R. & S. M.; Beauseant 184 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [EVANS Commandery No. 7, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Tem- ple, Mystic Shrine; a 32 degree Mason; member Rutland Lodge No. 345, Order of Elks; Vermont Society of Foreign Wars; Vermont Wheel Club. EVANS, GoiN Bailey, Waterbury. Farmer. Born Moretown, Dec. 4, 1842; son of Osgood and Mary (Bailey) Evans. Educated in the public schools, Newbury Seminary, and Bryant and Stratton's Busi- ness College. In 1864 married Abbie M. Goodrich of Moretown. Has engaged in hotel keeping and farming, together with stock and produce business. Enlisted 1 862 in Co. G, 6th Regiment Vermont Volun- teers. Is a Democrat; represented Water- bury in the Legislature 1874, 1876, 1878, 1884 and 1886; in 1885 appointed deputy collector and inspector of customs ; in 1 894 commissioned by President Cleveland postmaster of Waterbury for four years; high sheriff of Washington County 1902; delegate to the Democratic national con- vention, Denver, Col., 1908. Member of the Methodist Church. EVANS, Leslie Alexander, St. Johnsbury. Veterinary surgeon. Born Sawyerville, P. Q., 1878; son of Richard and Sarah (Hamilton) Evans. Educated in the public schools, Sawyerville Acad- emy, and a graduate of Ontario Veterinary College. Began practice with Dr. Frank Barton in Sherbrook, P. Q. ; removed to St. Johnsbury, where he has since been engaged in practice; has made a specialty of horse dentistry; is assistant cattle com- missioner of Vermont. A Republican. An attendant of the Congregational Church, and member of the quartet and choir. Member of Passumpsic Lodge No. 27, F. & A. M.; Caledonia Lodge No. 6, I. O. O. F. ; St. Johnsbury Commercial Club ; Vermont Veterinary Medical Association; and Ontario Veterinary Medical Associa- tion. FAIRBANKS, Edward Taylor, St. Johnsbury. Congregational clergyman. Born St. Johnsbury, May 12, 1836; son of Joseph Paddock and Almira (Taylor) Fairbanks. Educated at St. Johnsbury and Phillips-Andover Academies; Yale College, class of 1859; Andover Theologi- cal Seminary, class of 1863; two and one- half years abroad; honorary degree of D. D. from University of Vermont 1892. In 1862 married Emma C. Taplin of Montpelier; they have one daughter, Cor- nelia Taylor. Pastor First Congregational Church, St. • Johnsbury, 1868-74; South Congregational Church, St. Johnsbury, 1874-1902; secretary and treasurer St. Johnsbury Academy since 1882; secretary and treasurer St. Johnsbury Athenaeum since 1888; librarian and director since 1902. Author of history of St. Johns- bury in "Vermont Historical Gazetteer," 1861; "The Wrought Brim," twelve dis- courses, 1 902 ; also of miscellaneous pamphlets ; Yale class historian, etc. ; pre- paring for publication "The Town of St. Johnsbury," historical and descriptive sketches. A Republican; senator from Caledonia County 19O8. FAIRBANKS, Henry, St. Johnsbury. Vice-president E. and T. Fairbanks & Co. Born St. Johnsbury, May 6, 1830; son of Hon. Thaddeus and Lucy Peck (Bar- ker) Fairbanks. Educated at Pinkerton Academy, Derry, N. H.; St. Johnsbury Academy 1847; Dartmouth College, class of 1 853 ; and Andover Theological Semi- nary 1857. In I862 married Annie Noyes of Hanover, N. H. ; she died in 1872; they had four children, Arthur, Robert N., Lucy (Mrs. Alvord), and Charlotte. In 1874 married Ruthy Page of Newport; they have two daughters, Marion (Mrs. Adans) and Dorothy. After graduating from St. Johnsbury Academy in 1847, Mr. Fairbanks spent a year in Europe; and in 1856 went abroad again, visiting Egypt and Palestine, and making the ascent of Mt. Blanc. In I86O-8 was professor of natural philosophy and natural history, Dartmouth College; returning to St. Johnsbury, he developed various patents, and also led the evangelistic work of the Young Men's Christian Association in the state. Is president of St. Johnsbury Acad- emy; trustee Dartmouth College 1870- 1905; vice-president E. and T. Fairbanks & Co., for several years. Is a Republi- can. A Congregational clergyman, or- dained 1858; in 1891 went to London as delegate to the International Congrega- tional Council; president Vermont Domes- tic Missionary Society; corporate member American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. FAIRBANKS, Joseph, St. Johnsbury. Lawyer. Born St. Johnsbury, Jan. 12, FARNSWORTH) MEN OF VERMONT 185 1881; son of William P. and Rebecca (Pike) Fairbanks. Educated at St. Johns- bury Academy, Yale University 1903, and Harvard Law School 1906. In 1908 mar- ried Luella Merrill of St. Johnsbury ; they have one son, Edward Joseph. Admitted to the Vermont Bar 1907; has since been engaged in law practice. Is a Republican. Director and member of executive commit- tee of E. and T. Fairbanks and Co., scale manufacturers; director Citizens Savings Bank and Trust Co., and director and treasurer of the National Flooring Co. of St. Johnsbury. Is a member of the South Congregational Church. Treasurer of the Young Men's Christian Association, 1907- 1 1 ; now a director ; secretary Caledonia County Fair 1910. FAIRFIELD, Charles Telford, Rut- land. Editor and publisher. Born Hill- side, Mich., Sept. 6, 1866; son of former Lieutenant-Governor Edmund Burke and Mary (Baldwin) Fairfield. Educated at University of Nebraska, and Oberlin Col- lege, A. B. 1887. In 1888 married Anna Whitcomb of Morrison, 111. ; they have two children, Whitcomb Burke and Janet. Publisher Eaton Rapids (Mich.) Journal, 1887-97; North Adams (Mass.) Tran- script, 1897-98; established Rutland News, daily and weekly, in 1899, and since its editor. A Republican; Congre- gationalist. Member of Masonic frater- nity — lodge, chapter, commandery, and shrine ; Knights . of Pythias, Royal Arca- num, Woodmen, and Maccabees. FANCHER, W. Grant, Lawrence, Mass. Educator. Born Fairfax, July 29, 1869; son of Hiram G. and Lucy L. (Bar- rett) Fancher. Graduated from State Normal School, Johnson, and Comer's Commercial College, Boston. In 1894 married Belle Lucy Warren of Morris- ville; they have one child, Warren Grant. Teacher in public schools of Elmore and Johnson; was principal of the Vermont Industrial School, Vergennes, 1890-95; assistant superintendent . of the Vermont Industrial School 1892-96; superintendent of the Stanwood School, Topsfield, Mass., 1897-1903; superintendent of the Essex County Training School since 1903. In religion, is a Congregationalist; in politics a Republican. Mr. Fancher is a member of the National Conference of Charities and Correction; the Vermont Association of Boston; the Monday Evening Club of Boston, and the Young Men's Christian Association of Lawrence. FARMER, Fr^nk Emerson, St. Johns- bury. Physician. Born East Burke, May 1, 1874; son of Alonzo C. and Susan E. (Jenkins) Farmer. Educated at Lyndon Institute, graduate from commercial de- partment, class of 1891; North Yarmouth Academy, class of 1896; and University of Vermont, medical department, class of 1899. In 1903 married Lulu A. Baldwin of Lyndonville; they have two sons, Ed- ward Baldwin and Howard Jenkins. Served one year as junior physician in the criminal insane hospital at Bridge- water, Mass., and two years as junior physician in the Vermont State Hospital, Waterbury; practiced medicine in Middle- bury, 1 902-5 ; since 1 905 has engaged in practice at St. Johnsbury. Is member of Caledonia County Medical Society, Ver- mont State Medical Society, and American Medical Society. A Republican. In re- ligious belief a Congregationalist. Mem- ber of Crescent Lodge No. 66, F. & A. M. ; and Sons of Veterans. FARNHAM, Archie I., Canaan. Mer- chant. Born Canaan, May 1, 1885; son of George F. and Alma (Schoff) Farn- ham. Educated in' the public schools of Canaan, Canaan High School, class of 1902, and New Hampton Commercial Col- ' lege, class of 1905. In I9O8 married Zella I. Harmon of Island Pond. Worked as clerk in store one year; in 1907 pur- chased large grocery and hardware store at Canaan which he has since conducted. Is a Republican; was town clerk in I9II- 12; and is active in the affairs of the town. Member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church. Member of the Grange; Knights of Pythias; Modern Woodmen of America; and Knights of the Maccabees. FARNSWORTH, Walter Kellogg, Rutland. Lawyer. Born Windsor, Nov. 17, 1870; son of Jonathan Brewer and Maria Augusta (Hatch) Farnsworth. Studied law, and was admitted to Ver- mont Bar 1 898 ; began practice at Rutland Oct. 1, 1898, continuing to date; director and secretary Rutland Horse Show and Breeders' Association, and secretary Rut-' land County Agricultural Society; secre- tary and treasurer Empire Egg Maker Co. 186 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [FARR and The Farm Enterprise Publishing Co. A Republican; secretary State Senate 1902-8; judge Rutland city court April 1, 1907, to April 1, 1909. A Congregation- alist. Member Vermont Bar Association; Masonic fraternity; Knights of Pythias; secretary Order of Elks; Patrons of Hus- bandry, master 1911-12, member state ex- ecutive committee. FARR, Albert George, Chicago, 111. Banker. Born Brandon, Vt., Dec. 3, 1851; son of Flavins Josephus and Chastina Eliza Buck (Parkhuirst) Farr. Educated at Brandon Seminary, 1861-8; graduated Columbus (Ohio) High School 1870, with first honors. In 187S married Alice Parkhurst of Berlin, Wis.; she died in 1888; they had one child, Shirley, fel- low of University of Chicago 191I; in 1890 married Lottie Snow of Chicago. Teacher and principal of high school at Columbus, O., 1871-81; admitted to Il- linois Bar 1882; attorney 1882-91; part- ner N. W. Harris & Co., bankers, Chicago, New York and Boston, 1891; director Harris Trust and Savings Bank, Chicago, since 1907; and chairman board of di- rectors since 191O; director Harris Safe Deposit Co., Chicago, since 1909; Harris, Forbes & Co., New York, since I91I; N. W. Harris & Co., incorporated, Boston, since I91I; director and member execu- tive committee Michigan State Telephone Co., 1904-6; director Terre Haute, (Ind.) Water Works Co. ; trustee Ripon (Wis.) - College since 1897, and treasurer of same 1907-10. Is an independent Republican; member Union League, Mid-Day, Quad- rangle, Chicago Literary, and South Shore Country Clubs of Chicago; mem- ber League of American Wheelmen; Cyclists' Touring Club of England; dele- gate at Chicago of Touring Club de France. Residence, 5757 Lexington Ave- nue, Chicago; office, Harris Trust Build- ing, Chicago; summer home, Brandon. FARR, George Bradford, Hancock. Farmer and lumber manufacturer. Born East Middlebury, Dec. 13, 1865; son of Henry E. and Alvrett (Olmstead) Farr. Educated in the public schools. In 1886 married Edith Mary Ford of Granville; they have three children, Claude Henry, Leslie Ford, and Phyllis Avis. Mr. Farr kept a hotel two years; and was employed in a store at Hancock two years; since then has engaged in farming and lumber manufacturing, having as partner V. L. Perkins, and afterwards F. O. Kennedy. Is a Republican; represented Hancock in the Legislature 1900; has held many town offices. In religious belief a Universalist. A member of Rural Lodge No. 29, F. & A. M.; and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. FARR, Willis Vernon, Burlington. Farmer, subscription agent, real estate dealer. > Boxn Westminster, Nov. 5, 1866; son of John Vernon and Mary Lucinda (Watkins) Farr. Educated in the pub- lie schools of Westminster ; Cushing Acad- emy, Ashburnham, Mass.; and Vermont Academy, Saxtons River. In 1896 mar- ried Ethel May Rugg of Fairfax; they had six children, Vina Lucretia, John El- bridge, Mary Delphine, Robert Harland, Mattie Watkins, and Thelma Rugg (de- ceased). Spent summers on his father's farm, and in winter attended or taught school until he was 21, when he engaged with the Hon. A. N. Swain as circulation agent for the Bellows Falls Times; later with Acme Water Filter Co., Marlboro, Mass.; and since 1888 circulation agent for the Burlington Free Press ; interested in farms at Westminster and elsewhere. A Republican; was nominated for secre- tary of state on the Prohibition ticket 1910. A Congregationalist. Member of Green Mountain Lodge No. 1, I. O. O. F.; Sons of the American Revolution; and Commercial Club of Burlington. FARRELL, Charles Henry, New- port. Law student. Born Newport, Feb. 27, 1888; son of Patrick Joseph and Sarah (Morse) Farrell. Educated at Newport High School and Georgetown (Md.) University. Mr. Farrell is unmar- ried. Began work as messenger boy in the freight traffic department of Southern Railway Co. in January, 1906, continuing in various departments for about five years, when he left to become private sec- retary to Chairman Prouty of the Inter- state Commerce Commission, which posi- tion he now holds. A Roman Catholic; member Bloomingdale Club of Washing- ton, D. C; its president one year; mem- ber Phi Alpha Delta (law fraternity), vice- justice for one year. FEN^fELL] MEN OF VERMONT 187 FARRELL, Patrick Joseph, Wash- ington, D. C. Lawyer. Born Stanstead, P.. Q., May 10, 1861; son of James and Rose Ann Theresa (Hart) Farrell. Edu- cated at Wells River and Newport Acad- emies, but relying mainly upon his own efforts by private study to make himself a scholar. In 1883 married Sarah M. Brady of Newport; they have five chil- dren, Mary Agnes, Helen Isabel, Charles Henry, Charlotte Claire, and George Ed- ward. In early life worked upon a farm; afterwards studied, telegraphy; billing clerk Connecticut and Pasumpsic River R. R., at Newport, 1880; later, on same rail- road, train dispatcher at Lyndonville, sta- tion agent at Stanstead and Derby Line, and passenger train conductor between Stanstead and Newport. In 1884 began study of law with Crane & Alfred, Newport, then with Hon. C. A. Prouty; admitted to Bar 1887; appointed railway postal clerk same year, and- later chief clerk, with headquarters at Boston; resigned in 1889, and formed law partner- ship with C. A. Prouty at Newport, con- tinuing until 1891, when the Orleans Trust Co. was organized and Mr. Farrell made its treasurer., holding position sev- eral years. For the past 11 years act- ing attorney for the interstate commerce commission, at Washington, and in that capacity has occupied many offices includ- ing that of chief examiner; is now the head of the commission's law division, with the title of solicitor. In politics, a Democrat; has served several years on Newport town committee, and was mem- ber Democratic State Committee 1888 to 1 902 ; was candidate for states attorney for Orleans County 1890; one of- the Democratic candidates for Vermont pres- idential electors 1892, and chairman Dem- ocratic state convention 1894. Was dele- gate at large to, and member of reso- lutions committee in. Democratic nation- al convention held at Chicago 1896. A member of the Roman Catholic Church. Legal residence, Newport, Vt. Office 1317 F St., N. W., residence, 1424 Clifton St., N. W., Washington, D. C. FARRINGTON, Frederick Horton, Brandon. Farmer and banker. Born Bran- don, December, 1851 ; son of Franklin and Adelia (Horton) Farrington. Educated in the public schools of Brandon. In 1873 married Ella E. Reynolds of Brandon; they have two sons, Franklin Reynolds and William Reynolds. Is now, and has been for the past 20 years, trustee of es- tates aggregating about $200,000; is vice- president Rutland Savings Bank; director Brandon National Bank, Proctor Trust Co., and National Bank of Vergennes; president Brandon Investment and Guar- antee Co. ; vice-president for Vermont of American Bankers' Association 1912; treasurer Brandon Cemetery Association; treasurer Vermont State Agricultural So- ciety; vice-president Brandon Free Pub- lic Library; and president of Vermont State Bankers' Association. Is a Re- publican; represented Brandon in the Legislature 1888; senator from Rutland County 1896; chairman of the board of cattle commissioners 1887-90; member of commission appointed by Governor Prouty to revise the banking laws of the state. Is a Congregationalist. Past master of St. Paul's Lodge No. 25, F. & A. M. FELLOWS, William Alfred, White River Junction. Marble and granite man- ufacturer. Born Lyme, N. H., Nov. 4, 1861; son of John and Mary (Bean) Fel- lows. Educated in the schools of Lyme and Claremont, N. H. In 1884 married M. Jennie Clarke of Haverhill, N. H. Began the marble business at Lyme, N. H. ; in 1895 removed to White River Junc- tion and established the marble and gran- ite business which he still conducts. A Republican; and a Universalist. Member United Brethren Lodge, F. & A. M. ; Cas- cadnac Chapter, R. A. M. ; Vermont Com- mandery, K. T. ; past grand Myrtle Lodge, I. O. O. F. ; and member Fidelity Rebekah Lodge. FENNELL, Luther Weston, Burling- ton. Deputy collector and inspector of U. S. customs. Born Winooski, June 29, 1874; son of Winslow Irwin and Jennie Marie (Weston) Fennell. Educated in the pubUc schools of Burlington and De- catur, Ala., and Burlington Business Col- lege. In 1900 married Loretto Agnes Marengo of Burlington; they have three children, Muriel Weston, Reginald Pres- cott, and Kenneth Paul. In the meat and grocery business. New Decatur, Ala., 1889-90.; employee of the Birmingham Electric Railway Co., Birmingham, Ala., May to October, 1890; clerk Southern Ex- press Co., Decatur, Ala., 1890-92; em- 188 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [FENTON ployee Birmingham Bolt works, Birming- ham, Ala., 1892-4; employee Champlain Transportation Co., Burlington, summers of 1896 and 1897; insurance agent Met- ropolitan Life Insurance Co. during win- ters of 1898 and 1899; employee of Bald- win Refrigerator Co., Burlington, 1899- 1901 ; in U. S. customs service at Burling- ton, May, 1900, to date, as clerk, messen- ger, deputy collector and clerk, and at present deputy collector and inspector. Enlisted as private in Co. M, 1st Vermont Volunteers, May 4, 1898; mustered out Nov. 7, 1898. A Republican. Member of the Roman Catholic Church. Charter member and past senior vice-commander James W. Flynn Camp No. 9, past com- mander Department of Vermont, and at present national aide-de-camp United Spanish War Veterans; charter member Bacaloor Lair No. 1, Burlington, Grand Lair of Vermont, and member Supreme Lair of the United States, Military Order of the Serpent; member of Knights of Co- lumbus. FENTON, Edward Joseph, Brattle- boro. Merchant. Born East Brattleboro, Dec. 12, 1872; son of Patrick John and Mary Elizabeth Fenton. Educated at Brattleboro public schools, and Brattle- boro High School, class of 1890. Mr. Fenton is unmarried. Learned the cloth- ing business with J. J. Fenton & Co., Bel- lows Falls, continuing with Pratt, Wright & Co., Brattleboro, until the death of O. D. Eastabrook in 1899, when the busi- ness was terminated; started in men's and boys' clothing business in UUery building, 1899, with J. J. Fenton of Bellows Falls, under firm name of E. J. Fenton & Co.; purphased partner's interest January, 1904, and moved to present store in Amer- ican building 1907, adding extensive line of women's, men's, boys' and girls' cloth- ing, furnishings, shoes, and small wares. Is a Democrat; a Roman Catholic. Mem- ber of Knights of Columbus, the Order of Elks, the Red Men, and Vermont Wheel Club. FERGUSON, Clarence James, Bur- lington. Lawyer. Born Westford, Jan. 8, 1 860, son of Rev. James Farwell and Lydia (Wiswel) Ferguson. Educated at public schools, Essex Classical Institute, Bur- lington High School, and Boston Univer- sity Law School, class of 1892. In 1892 married EUa B. Styles of Kingston, N. y. ; they have three children, Dorothy, Crawford C, and Clayton A. In 1887 entered into partnership with A. O. Fer- guson in milk, cream, and ice business, imder name of Ferguson Bros., later tak- ing over the Frank K. Converse ice busi- ness. In 1890 began the study of law at Boston University Law School; admitted to Vermont Bar 1892, practicing in Chit- tenden County until 1905, when he was elected superintendent and attorney Ver- mont Anti-Saloon League, resigning posi- tion ill 1911. Mr. Ferguson is a Repub- lican; city grand juror, Burlington, 1897 and 1899- In religious preference is a Baptist. A member of Hamilton Lodge No. 14, I. O. O. F. FERRIN, Charles H., Montpelier. Merchant. Born Johnson, Dec. 11, 1833; son of Whitman G. and Matilda (Harris) Ferrin. Educated at Montpelier High School. In 1879 married Ida E. Robin- son of Montpelier ; they have two children. Whitman G. and Winnifred L. Came to Montpelier with parents in 1859; conduc- tor on the Montpelier & Wells River Rail- road several years; in telephone service at Lowell, Mass., and superintendent tele- phone service at Burlington for a time; was secretary Union Mutual Fire Insur- ance Co. ; now engaged in grocery busi- ness. Is a Republican; Jan. 1, 1906, ap- pointed sergeant-at-arms by Governor Bell, and reappointed in 19O8 and 191O. A Unitarian. Member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; trustee of Mont- pelier Lodge of Elks; and member of Apollo Club. FIELD, Frederick A., Rutland. Broker, real estate, and insurance. Born Brandon, June 7, 1850; son of William M. and Minerva K. (Davenport) Field. Edu- cated at Brandon and Rutland public schools, and Burr and Burton Seminary, Manchester. In 1873 married Lillie Clark of Rutland ; they had three children, Richard Clark (deceased), Edward Dav- enport, and Frederick A. Is a Repub- lican; member of Republican town and city committees, and chairman for several years; member and chairman of Repub- lican county committee several years; member of Republican committee of the first congressional district, and delegate to many state, district, and county conven- FIPIELD] MEN OF VERMONT 189 tions. Was assistant postmaster 1872 to 1888; postmaster 1888 to 1892; has been post-office inspector; trustee of village of Rutland; school commissioner; city treas- urer; United States marshal; trustee of Rutland Savings Bank; director of Peo- ple's Gas Light Co.; trustee and treasurer of Evergreen Cemetery; treasurer of State Mutual Fire Insurance Co. ; and secretary of Rutland Improvement League. Is a Congregationalist ; member of prudential committee, and secretary and treasurer of Sunday school for twenty years. Mem- ber of Center Lodge No. 34, F. & A. M., of Rutland; American Legion of Honor; grand chancellor and supreme representa- tive. Knights of Pythias; exalted ruler Rutland Lodge No. 345, Order of Elks; and delegate to Grand Lodge. FIELD, Edward Davenport, Montpel- ier. Insurance. Born Rutland, Jan. 13, 1879; son of Fred A. and LilUe (Clark) Field. Educated in the public schools, and Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass. In 1906 married Ethel Arend DeBoer of Montpelier; they have two children, Cath- erine and Josephine. Entered the actu- arial department of the National Life In- surance Co. 1897; in 1902 appointed sec- retary to the president of the company; and in 191I elected superintendent of agencies. Mr. Field is a Republican; sec- retary of Montpelier board of school com- missioners; secretary Vermont Historical Society. In religious belief a Congrega- tionalist. Past master Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M. ; member King Solomon Chapter No. 22, R. A. M.; Montpelier Council No. 4, R. & S. M. ; Mt. Zion Com- mandery No. 9, Knights Templar; Mt. Sinai Temple, Order of the Mystic Shrine ; Montpelier Country Club; and Apollo Club. FIELD, Fred T., Boston, Mass. Lawyer. Born Springfield, Dec. 24, 1876; son of Frederic Griswold and Anna M. (Tarbell) Field. Graduated from Vermont Academy 1895, Brown University, A. B., 1900, and Harvard Law School, LL. B. 1903. Admitted to Bar of Massachusetts 1903; United States supreme court I906; law clerk, de- partment of attorney general, Massa- chusetts, 1903-5; assistant attorney gen- eral 1905 to date. A Republican; a Baptist. Member of American, Massa- chusetts, and Boston Bar Associations; New England Historic-Genealogical So- ciety; Vermont Historical Society, St. Botolph, University, and Oakley Country Clubs. FIFIELD, Benjamin Franklin, Mont- pelier. Lawyer. Born Orange, Nov. 18, 1832; son of Col. Orange and Melissa Fifield. The family is of Scotch descent, the name having been originally a union of the name of the county of Fife, in Scotland, with the name of Field. On his maternal side a descendant of the Ad- amses of Massachusetts, while his great- grandfather Fifield was an officer in the Revolutionary War, and was the second man over the British entrenchments at the battle of Bennington. Fitted for college at Montpelier, and Plattsburg, N. Y. ; University of Vermont, A. B. 1855 ; LL.D. 1906. In 1865 married Lucy, daughter of Erastus Hubbard of Montpelier; they had three daughters, Fanny L. (Mrs. Burnside F. Bailey), Arabella B. (Mrs. Julius F. Workum), Ellen Lamb (Mrs. Carlisle J. Gleason). Studied law in of- fice of Peck & Colby, Montpelier; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1858, and began practice there, where he has since resided. In partnership with Peck & Colby until 1864, when Mr. Colby retired; continued with Mr. Peck until 1866_, when he suc- ceeded to the business of the firm. Presi- dent of the Vermont Bar Association 1884. A Republican; U. S. district attorney I869-8O, resigning on account of his elec- tion to Legislature; chairman judiciary committee, member committee on revision of laws and constitutional amendments ; in August, 1880, delivered a speech on the political issues of the day which was used effectively by the state committee as a campaign document throughout the state, and was republished by the Republican national committee and circulated through the whole North; declined a nomination to Congress in 1884; delegate to national Republican convention," 1884; U. S. com- missioner to locate federal building at Montpelier; Jan. 7, 1889, appointed by Gov. E. C. Smith U. S. senator to fill va- cancy caused by death of Senator Morrill, but declined appointment owing to ill health of Mrs. Fifield, and following her death in March, 1890, he relinquished all professional and public engagements. Those who remember his speeches in the 190 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGBAPHY [FISH Garfield and Arthur campaign, understand what his powers are as a public speaker, the fullness of his knowledge of public questions, and the extent of his capacity to go to the very heart of difficult prob- lems. FISH, Enos C, West Rutland. High sheriff. Born Ira, Sept. 11, 1836; son of Enos C. and Marcia (Chapman) Fish. Educated at Ira Academy. In 1869 mar- ried Frances J. Freeman of West Rulv land. A Republican; represented West Rutland in the Legislature 1 898 ; has been constable, deputy sheriff, and in 1905 ap- pointed sheriff by Governor Bell; elected sheriff in 1906, 1908, and 1910. A Con- gregationalist. Past master Hiram Lodge No. 101, F. & A. M., of West Rutland. FISH, Frank L. Superior court judge. See page 91- FISH, Galen Burch, Stockbridge. Merchant and postmaster. Born Ran- dolph, June 24, 1869; son of Arnold Burch and Amelia (Pearson) Fish. Edu- cated at Randolph graded school; spent freshman year at Dartmouth College; and graduated at the Detroit Training School of Elocution and English Literature. In 1900 married Lena Maude Chamberlain of Stockbridge; they have one daughter, Winona Madine. Has conducted a gen- eral merchandise store in Stockbridge since 1900. A Republican; appointed postmaster Nov. 8, 1902; served as town superintendent of schools four years. Member of Rural Lodge No. 29, F. & A. M., of Rochester. FISK, Nelson Wilbur, Isle La Motte. Manufacturer. Born Isle La Motte, Aug. 5, 1854; son of Hiram C. and Cynthia (Clark) Fisk. His great-grandfather, Ichabod Fisk, came to the island in 1788 and settled on the farm which has since been the family home. Educated at Mont- pelier Seminary, Fort Edward (N. Y.) Institute, and Eastman's Business College, Poughkeepsie. In 1880 married Elizabeth Beckwith Hubbell of Chazy, N. Y.; they have no children. By the death of his father in 1884, succeeded to the Fisk mar- ble quarries, the oldest in Vermont, hav- ing been opened in 1664, contemporaneous with the building of Fort St. Anne on Isle La Motte, and which he has operated to date. Chairman board of trustees State Industrial School 1894; trustee Johnson State Normal School several years, and since 1896 a trustee of the University of Vermont; state commissioner California Midwinter Exposition 1894, and the Pan- American Exposition 1900. A Republi- can; represented Isle La Motte in Legis- lature 1882 and 1884; senator from Grand Isle County 1888; delegate to national convention at Chicago in 1888, and at Minneapolis 1892; lieutenant-governor of Vermont 1896-8. Is a Methodist. FITCH, Charles H., Windsor. Coal, grain, and lumber dealer. Born at Wind- sor in 1 846 ; son of Samuel R. and Martha (Tasket) Fitch. Educated in the public schools. In 1869 married Helen A. Rob- inson of Weathersfield ; they have no chil- dren. Lived on a farm until 21 years of age, when he began business in town, which he has since conducted. Is trustee of Windsor Public Library; for several years a director of Windsor Machine Co., and Hillside Creamery, and has settled many estates. Is a Republican; has held nearly every office in the gift of the town; was trustee five years; represented Wind- sor in the Legislature 1908 and 1910. In religious preference a Congregationalist. FITTS, Clarke C, Brattleboro. Law- yer. Born Wardsboro, Oct. 17,. 1870; son of Osmer C. and Abbie M. (Twitchell) Fitts. Educated in public schools, Le- land & Gray Seminary, Townshend, and Brattleboro High School. In 1893 mar- ried Harriet Lyon of Londonderry; she died in 1897; has two sons, Robert I. and Stanley C, by that marriage; in 1903 married Maud L. Emerson of Brattleboro; has one son, Osmer C, by that marriage. Admitted to the Bar Oct. 21, 1891, and has practiced his profession ever since at Brattleboro. States attorney of Wind- ham County 1894-96; representative from Brattleboro in the General Assembly of Vermont in 1904; attorney general of Ver- mont 1904-8. Mr. Fitts is a Republican, and a Congregationalist. FLAGG, George W., Braintree. Farm- er. Born Braintree, April 9, 1839; son of Austin and Mary E. (Harwood) Flagg. Educated in the public schools. In 1865 married Delia A. Howard of Braintree, who died 1910; they had two sons, Lester c FLEETWOOD] MEN OF VERMONT 191 perry and Bert Clinton (deceased). En- listed as private in Co. F, 2nd Vermont Volunteers, May, I86I; mustered into service the following June; was in the battle of Bull Run, McClellan's campaign before Richmond, Antietam, first and sec- ond battles of Fredericksburg, Sheridan's campaign in the Shenandoah Valley, Get- tysburg, Winchester, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, and others of less note; served over four years, being mustered out July, 1865; was 1st lieutenant, and brevet cap- tain in command of the only company raised in Montpelier. At the close of the war returned to Braintree and engaged in farming; was a breeder of fancy stock for many years, which he exhibited at state and county fairs, taking many prizes, especially on his Cotswold sheep; for the past seven years has dealt largely in Western horses ; was president of the Cots- wold Register Association; one of the di- rectors and vice-president of the White River fair. Bethel, for many years; di- rector of the Northfield fair; and has been employed as an expert judge of stock at fairs of northern Vermont. Is a Repub- lican; represented Braintree in the Leg- islature 1886; has held many town offices; senator from Orange County 1910; chair- man of committee on military affairs, and member of other committees. Past com- mander of Randolph Post, G. A. R., of Randolph. Has a wide reputation as an athlete and champion wrestler, engaging in contests with champions from all Amer- ica; when 38 years old won a champion belt for a three days' contest with 12 wrestlers among the best in the United States ; has wrestled in nearly all the large towns in New England, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Michigan; his last contest took place when he was 62 years old. FLANDERS, Frank B., Brunswick. Educator and farmer. Born Stewarts- town, N. H., Feb. 15, 1867; son of Jo- seph W. and Ann (Blodgett) Flanders. Educated in the public schools, Lancaster (N. H.) Academy, and Dartmouth Col- lege, class of 1892. After graduating from college engaged in teaching; was principal Watson Academy, Epping, N. H., four years ; taught at Groveton, N. H., four years ; and principal Canaan High School three years. In 1907-8 built what was known as the Essex and Coos Telephone Line, which he sold in I9IO to the Bell Telephone Co. In 190O purchased a farm in Brunswick, where he has since resided. Is a Democrat; has held all the town offices; is at present town clerk, first se- lectman, school director and justice of the peace ; represented Brunswick in the Leg- islature I9O8. Member of the Unitarian Church of Lancaster, N. H. Member of the Knights of Pythias; lecturer in the Grange, and member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity at college. FLANDERS, Ralph Edward, Spring- field. Mechanical engineer. Born Bar- net, Sept. 28, 1880; son of Albert Wel- lington and Mary (Gilfillan) Flanders. Educated in the public schools, Lincoln, R. I. ; Pawtucket and Central Falls, R. I., high schools, and engineering education by night study. In I9II married Helen E. Hartness, daughter of James Hartness of Springfield. Apprenticed to the machin- ist's trade at the Brown-Sharpe Mfg. Co., Providence, in 1897; worked as draftsman and designer with various firms in New England until July, 1905, when he went to New York on the editorial staff of "Machinery," remaining until 1910, when he entered the employ of the Fellows Gear Shaper Co., Springfield, as mechanical en- gineer, which position he still holds. Has made a special study of gearing, having written a book, "Gear Cutting Machin- ery," besides smaller pamphlets, and vari- ous papers on the subject read before the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and other bodies, as well as lectures at various schools and colleges. Is independ- ent in politics. A Congregationalist. As- sociate member of American Society of Mechanical Engineers ; member of Society of Automobile Engineers, and Machinerj^ Club of New York. FLEETWOOD, Frederick G., Morris- ville. Lawyer. Born St. Johnsbury, Sept. 27, 1869; son of Henry and Laura J. (Kenney) Fleetwood. Graduated from St. Johnsbury Academy 1886; attended Uni- versity of Vermont 1886-8; and graduated from Harvard University 1891. Admitted to the Vermont Bar 1894; has since been engaged in law practice in Morrisville. Is a Republican ; town clerk and treasurer, Morristown; representative in the Legis- lature 1 900 ; presidential elector 1 900 ; and messenger to carry Vermont's electoral vote to Washington 1901; secretary of 192 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [FLETCHER state 1902-8; state's attorney Lamoille County 1898-1900. An Episcopalian. Member of Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M., of Morrisville; the Order of Knights of Pythias; and the Grange. FLETCHER, Allen M., Proctorsville. Farmer. Born Indianapolis, Ind., Sept. 25, 1853; son of Stoughton A. and Julia A. Fletcher. Educated at Williston Sem- inary, East Hampton, Mass. Married Mary E. Bence; they have three children, Mary C, Fanny B., and Allen M., Jr. Engaged in farming pursuits. A Repub- lican; and has taken an active interest in the affairs of the Republican party; rep- resented the town of Cavendish in the Legislature of 1902, 1906, 1908 and 1910; and Windsor County in the senate of 1904, and was a member of the commis- sion appointed to revise the constitution of the State of Vermont. Is trustee of the village of Proctorsville. Is a member of the Grange, a Mason, and an Odd Fel- low. FLETCHER, Carl Chittenden, Shel- burne. Farmer. Born St. Johnsbury, Feb. 5, 1870; son of Truman Chittenden and Katherine Knapp (Brown) Fletcher. Educated at St. Johnsbury Academy and Dartmouth College. In 1898 married Lil- lian Wells of Cabot; they have one son, Frederick Wells. In newspaper work for 20 years ; connected with the Rutland Her- ald, Burlington Free Press, New York World, and St. Albans Messenger; editor and publisher of the Swanton Courier for 10 years. A Republican. Member of Seventy-six Lodge No. 14, F. & A. M., past master; Champlain Chapter No. 2, R. A. M.; Lafayette Commandery No. 3, K. T., and Vermont Society Sons of Amer- ican Revolution. FLINT, Homer Abial, Montpelier. Clergyman. Born Northfield, March 21, 1875; son of John Hackett and Phoebe Helen (Andrews) Flint. Graduated Northfield High School; one year at Dart- mouth College; graduated St. Stephen's College, Annandale, N. Y., B. A. 1897, M. A. 190O; General Theological Semi- nary, New York, B. D. I9OI; graduate courses at New York University two years, yi. A. 1900, and at Western University of Pennsylvania, now University of Pitts- burgh, one year. Ph. D. 1906. In 19OO married Theodora May Plumley, daughter of Hon. Frank Plumley of Northfield; they have two children, Frank Plumley and Phoebe Helen Miller. Is a Protest- ant Episcopal clergyman ; ordained to diac- onate by Bishop Doane of Albany, N. Y., May 12, 1900; ordained to priesthood by Bishop Whitehead of Pittsburgh, Pa., Dec. 23, 1900 ; minister of St. Philip's Chapel, Pittsburgh, Pa., I9OO-I; associate rector, of Christ Church, Allegheny, Pa., 1901- 3; archdeacon of Pittsburgh 1903-7; rec- tor Christ Church, Montpelier, since 1907. Member of the board of trustees of Wash- ington County Grammar School; member of Theta Delta Chi fraternity; state chap- lain Sons of American Revolution; asso- ciate member Brooks Post, G. A. R. ; mem- ber of Franklin Lodge No. 221, F. & A. M., Pittsburgh, Pa.; Gourgas Lodge of Perfection; Pennsylvania Council, Princes of Jerusalem; Pittsburgh Chapter Rose Croix; and Pennsylvania Consistory, Scot- tish Rite; and Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine, of Montpelier. FLINT, Joseph S., Burlington. Mer- chant. Born New Haven Mills, Jan. 10, 1868; son of George W. and Cleora N. (Fuller) Flint. Educated in the public schools and Beeman Academy, New Ha- ven. In 1893 married Perlie E. Hill of Bristol; they have two children, Gladys and George H. Clerk for Brush & Pat- terson, Bristol, 1 886-91 ; traveling sales- man for P. Lorillard Tobacco Co., 1891- 5; in 1895 formed partnership with O. C. Taylor and C. L. Soule, wholesale tobac- conists, under firm name of O. C. Taylor & Co.; in 1907 purchased Mr. Soule's in- terest in the company. A Republican; a director in the City Trust Co. Member of Masonic fraternity; Order of Elks; Ethan Allen Club; Vermont Fish and Game League ; Morgan Horse Club ; Uni- ted Commercial Travelers' Association, and vice-president in Vermont of New England Fat Men's Club. FLINT, Kemp R. B., Northfield. Edu- cator. Born Middlesex, Sept. 1, 1880; son of Leroy A. and Lanette (Kemp) Flint. Educated in the public schools of Middlesex, Montpelier High School, grad- uated 1899, and Norwich University, B. S. 1903, and M. A. I909. In 1905 married Berniece Thomas of Middlebury; they have one son, Winston Allen. For four FOOTE] MEN OF VERMONT 193 years, 1903-7, in the mercantile business in Montpelier and Northfield; in 1907 elected instructor in English at Norwich University; a year later made assistant professor, and in 1909 appointed head of the department of English language and literature, which position he now holds. One of the charter members of the Green Mountain Club of Vermont; secretary of Vermont Alumni Association of Norwich University seven years. A Republican, and a Congregationalist. Member of Northfield Grange; Alpha Sigma Pi fra- ternity; the college club, and a charter member of the Northfield Commercial Club. FLYNN, John J., Burlington. Finan- cier. Born Dorset, June 22, 1854; son of James and Catherine (Shea) Flynn. Edu- cated at Dorset district schools. In 1880 married Nellie F. W^aite of Dorset. A tenant farmer in South Burlington 1876- 80; retail grocer in Burlington 1880-90; real estate dealer 1 890 to date, and, ' at various times, a large owner of Vermont forest lands. Organized and financed the building of the Military Post Street Rail- way, connecting the villages of Winooski and Essex Junction; the Barre and Mont- pelier Street Railway system, connecting these two cities ; the St. Albans and Swan- ton electric lines ; the Bellows Falls and Saxtons River electric lines, the Barre gas plant, and a considerable electric street railway in New Jersey. One of the or- ganizers and principal owners of the Ver- gennes Water Power Co., which is engaged in the development of the water power at Vergennes ; one of the organizers and an officer of the Chittenden County Trust Co. and the Burlington Mutual Fire Insurance Co.; director Burlington Building and Loan Association; treasurer Military Post Street Railway Co.; largely interested in the Burlington Traction Co., and con- nected with the road as an officer and director for the last 15 years; vice-presi- dent and director Chittenden County Trust Co., and Elias Lyman Coal Co.; owner of Starr Farm Beach on Lake Champlain, near Burlington, a suburban community of summer dwellers, where he has lately es- tablished his summer home; owner of Peru Turnpike Co., a toll road between Man- chester and Peru, through the Green Mountains. Member of various public commissions of Burlington, and one of the few Vermonters who has confined his life work to the development of Vermont in- terests. A Democrat; member of Algon- quin Club, Ethan Allen Club, and Bur- lington Lodge No. 916, B. P. O. E. FOGG, Lester D., Guildhall. Mer- chant. Born Gorham, N. H., May 19, 1880; son of Elijah and Emma F. (Rines) Fogg. Educated in the public schools, and high school, Gorham, N. H. In 1911 married Gladys E. Wentworth of Guild- hall. Was engaged two and one-half years as clerk in V. R. Holmes's general store in Northumberland, N. H. ; for the same length of time in the store of C. G. Ham- lin, Gorham, N. H., and five years clerk in the store of E. Libby & Sons Co., Gor- ham, N. H. In 1908 purchased the gen- eral merchandise store of V. R. Holmes, Guildhall, which he has since conducted. In religious belief a Universalist. FOLSOM, Harley E., Lyndonville. Railroad superintendent. Born Lyndon, Jan. 14, 1850; son of Charles and Flavia (McGaffey) Folsom. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Newbury Seminary. In 1878 married Clara S. Bailey of Troy, who died 1880. In 1887 married Jennie L. Darling of Lyndon; they have two children, Fred S. and Flavia G. Entered the employ of Passumpsic Railroad Co., Sept. 1, 1870, as clerk in office of general freight agent; appointed superintendent September, 1 875 ; appointed division su- perintendent of Boston & Maine Railroad, June 1, 1887. President of Vermont Val- ley Railroad, St. Johnsbury & Lake Cham- plain Railroad Co., vice-president of Montpelier & Wells River and Barre Rail- roads, and director in the Connecticut & Passumpsic Railroad, the Sullivan County Railroad, and the Newport & Richford Railroad. Was formerly a Democrat; delegate at large to the Democratic na- tional convention of 1892; a Republican since the national election of 1896. A Universalist. FOOTE, Abram William, Cornwall. Farmer and telephone manager. Born Cornwall, Oct. 24, 1862; son of RoUin A. and Julia A. (Sampson) Foote. Edu- cated at Middlebury graded school. In 1883 married Kate Dodge Nichols of Brid- port; they have eight children, William Rollin, Eva Gertrude (Mrs. Leslie A. 13 194 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [FOOTE Mott), Arabella Wilcox, Kathleen Maria (Middlebury College 1911), Charles Nich- olsj Jessie Emma, Ralph Abram, and Es- telle Julia. In 1899 with local partners organized the Cornwall Telephone Co.; in 1901 built the Chittenden County tele- phone line to Burlington, later sold this to the New England Telephone Co. and in May, 1903, organized the Rutland county Telephone and Telegraph Company, president and general manager of same to date. Compiled a history and genealogy of the Foote family and pub- lished the same in a 600-page volume in 1907, and organized the Foote Family Association the same year, and has been the secretary and treasurer since. A Re- publican; has held nearly every office in the town; represented Cornwall in the Legislature 1900; elected assistant judge of Addison County court in 1902, re-elect- ed in 1904. In religious belief a Baptist. FOOTE, Franklin E., Cornwall. Prod- uce dealer. Born Cornwall, Dec. 4, 1862; son of Jared and Rosaltha (Field) Foote. Educated in the public schools, and Middlebury High School. In 1897 married Una R. Sanford of Cornwall; they have four children, Sanford R., Wini- field E., Cornelia G., and Florita E. Deal- er in apples, buying many thousand bar- rels annually in New York, the Annapolis Valley, Nova Scotia, Shenandoah Valley, Virginia, and Champlain Valley in Ver- mont. Vice-president Vermont Horticul- tural Society 1907-8; secretary Cornwall Telephone and Telegraph Co. ; secretary and director Northern Orchard Co. ; presi- dent Middlebury Cooperative Creamery Association; president Vermont & Long Island Realty Co., Inc., with offices in New York City. A Republican; selectman since 1907. A Congregationalist ; chair- man of executive committee. Member of Union Lodge No. 2, F. & A. M. ; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; the Knights of Pythias, and the Grange. FORD, Alvin Wilbur, Windsor. Cler- gyman. Born Granville, March 10, 1835; son of Hiram and Fanny (Parker) Ford. Educated at the public schools. In 1856 married Jane E. Morris of Rochester, who died in 1875; they had three children, Wesley A., Julius W., and Minna J. (Mrs. French) ; in 1877 married Abbie E. East- man of Rochester; they have three chil- dren, Winfred Hiram, James Clement, and Alvin Willard. Has been farmer, music teacher, mechanic, constable and collector, justice of the peace, and evan- gelist in the states of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Vermont; is a Meth- odist clergyman; has been pastor of churches at Worcester, St. Albans Bay, Georgia and North Fairfax, Milton, Wind- sor, Waits River, Newbury, Pittsfield, Fairfax, Topsham, West Berkshire, East and South Franklin, and West Enosburg. Is a Prohibitionist; chaplain of the Ver- mont State Prison; chaplain of the Ver- mont House of Representatives I9IO. Member of the Masonic Order; Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows; and Good Templars. FORD, Benjamin S., Guildhall. Farm- er. Born Maidstone, July 8, 1873; son of George A. and Celia (Hubbard) Ford. Educated in the public schools of Guild- hall and Essex County Grammar School. In 1900 married Abbie WiUey of Guild- hall; they have three children, Philip W., Marion E., and Lenwood F. Mr. Ford has always followed farming, has also en- gaged in the lumber business for the past 18 years. Is a Republican; represented Guildhall in the Legislature 1904; select- man five years; has been lister and held various other town offices. Is a Methodist. Member of Benton Lodge No. 88, F. & A. M., and the Grange. FORTIER, George Ferdinand, Rut- land. -Clergyman. Born Somerville, Mass., May 19, 1874; son of Damase and Ruth (Forrest) Fortier. Educated in the public schools. Tufts College, and Crane Theo- logical School. In 1909 married Anna Mildred Hamilton of St. Albans; they have one daughter, Mildred Farrar. Held parishes at Pigeon Cove, Mass.; Bethel, St. Albans, Northfield, and Rutland. En- gaged in newspaper work and social set- tlement work previous to ordination to ministry 1897. Is a Democralt; candidate of party for various offices ; member of school board at Pigeon Cove, Mass., and at Bethel. A Universalist ; secretary and superintendent of the Universalist Conven- tion of Vermont and the Province of Que- bec. A member of Masonic order ; Knights of Pythias; Odd Fellows; and Patrons of Husbandry. POSTER] MEN OF VERMONT 195 FOSS, John A., Plainfield. Postmas- ter. Born July 20, 1852; son of William B. and Judith M. (Batchelder) Foss. Ed- ucated in the public schools of Plainfield, and Montpelier Seminary. He married Delia E.Willey of Topsham; they have one son, Carl A. Engaged in farming until 1884, when he conducted a store at West Topsham three years, and in Plain- field 12 years. Appointed postmaster, Plainfield, 1897, which office he has since held. Is a Republican; justice of the peace 10 years. Is a Methodist. Member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; the Rebekahs ; the Grange ; and Junior Order of Mechanics. FOSTER, David J. Representative in Congress. See page 77. FOSTER, Ebenezer Johnson, Water- bury Center. Retired physician and sur- geon; graduated from Massachusetts Met- aphysical College. Born Moretown, Jan. 15, 1847; son of Leonard Robinson and Jane Boyington (Johnson) Foster; his adopted mother was the late Rev. Mary Baker G. Eddy. Educated in the public schools of his native town, graduated from the high school in 1866; took special courses in German, French, Spanish, music and painting, also a course of ora- tory in Boston. Is unmarried. At the age of fifteen enlisted in Co. B, 10th Ver- mont Volunteer Infantry, participating with his regiment in the battles at Orange Grove, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Totopotomy, Cold Harbor, Welden Railroad, Monocacy, Winchester, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, Petersburg, and Sailor's Creek. Member and for sev- eral years post commander Ezra Stetson Post No. 72, G. A. R. A Republican. Has been president of the Washington County Veterans' Association several years; past president Vermont Veterans' Society of Boston and Vicinity; command- er Grand Army of the Republic, Depart- ment of Vermont, 1910-11; member Wi- nooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M. ; Water- bury R. A. Chapter; Montpelier Council, R. & S. M.; Mt. Zion Commandery, K. T., of which he has been eminent com- mander; Gamaliel Washburn Lodge of Perfection; Edward H. Roby Council, P. of J.; Delta Chapter of Rose Croix; Ver- mont Consistory, 32 degrees, and Mt. Sinai Temple, also member of Eastern Star. Has taken the degrees in the sub- ordinate, Pomona, State and National Grange; has been lecturer Vermont State Grange, and is past master of the subor- dinate Grange; past president National C. S. A. Is a member of the Montpelier lodge of Elks; has traveled extensively in the United States. FOSTER, GiLMAN T., Weston. Farm- er. Born Weston, son of J. M. and Mary M. (Leonard) Foster. Educated in the public schools. In 1887 married Susan A. Turner of Weston ; they have four chil- dren, Barney A., Percy A., Herbert G., and Florence E. Mr. Foster has always followed farming. Is a Republican; repre- sented Weston in the Legislature 1910; was town lister 17 years, road commis- sioner six years, and school director three years. Is a Methodist. Is past grand Fraternity Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. FOSTER, Herbert Sidney, Calais. Re- tired army officer and farmer. Born Calais, Aug. 8, 1853; son of Sidney Henry and Louisa Rich (Dudley) Foster. Educated in the public schools, Goddard Seminary, Barre, and U. S. Military Academy, West Point, N. Y. In 1884 married Laura A. Kent of Boston, Mass.; they have three children. Forest Kent, Sidney Herbert, and Louise Evangeline. Served as an offi- cer in U. S. army from June 15, 1876, to Oct. 6, 1906; was in service in Spanish- American War; in battles of El Caney, Cuba, July 1, and Santiago July 2 and 3, and July 10 and 11, 1898; served in the Philippine insurrection; in battles at St. Guadaloupe Church, Luzon, March 6, 1899; Pasig, Luzon, March 8, 1899; and Cainta, Luzon, March 9, 1899; retired from active service, with rank of colonel, Oct. 6, 1906. Has since engaged in farm- ing. A Republican; delegate to various conventions, county, district, and state ; justice of the peace. In religious prefer- ence a Universalist. Member of Sons of Veterans ; Military Order of the Loyal I,egion; Military Order of Foreign Wars; Society of Santiago de Cuba ; Sons of the American Revolution; Vermont Historical Society; Montpelier Historical Society; Calais Grange, Patrons of Husbandry; Winooski Valley Pomona Grange, Patrons of Husbandry; American Civic Alliance; and Green Mountain Club. Has held the 196 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [FOWLER offices of sergeant of the guard and cap- tain in Camp 19^ Sons of VeteranSj Bur- lington; and in Camp 39, North Calais^ has been commander, secretary two terms, patriotic instructor two terms, chaplain, and member of council two terms; in Ver- mont Division, lieutenant-colonel and col- onel 1891 and 1892, patriotic instructor two terms, member of council two terms; member of military committee two terms in the commandery-in-chief. Sons of Vet- erans; member, of council two terms in Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U. S., Vermont Commandery; judge advocate, and treasurer two terms in Mili- tary Order of Foreign Wars of the U. S., Vermont Commandery; member of board of managers three terms, chairman of board two terms in Sons of the American Revolution, Vermont Society; master one term in Calais Grange, Patrons of Hus- bandry; lecturer two terms in Winooski Valley Pomona Grange, Patrons of Hus- bandry; and governor for state of Ver- mont in American Civic Alliance. FOWLER, Joseph W., Manchester. Insurance. Born Manchester, May 15, 1857; son of Harvey K. and Mary Jane (Noble) Fowler. Educated at Burr and Burton Seminary and at Bingham's Mili- tary Academy, North Carolina; studied law in the oiBce of Harvey K. Fowler; admitted to the Vermont Bar 1879. In 1880 married Hattie M. Dole, who died Jan. 19, 1882; they had one son, Arthur Dole; in 1884 married Hattie L. Walker, of Manchester; they have two children, Paul Warren and Earle Joseph. Practiced law under the firm name of Fowler & Son ; since 1900 has devoted entire time to in- surance. A Republican; has held nearly all the town ofiices ; chairman of the school board; member of the district committee; represented Manchester in the Legislature 1902; senator from Bennington County 1904. In religious belief a Congregation- alist. FRASIER, WiLLARD AsHTON, Rutland. Educator. Born Lockport, 111., June 5, 1853; son of James R. and Elizabeth A. (Brown) Frasier. Educated at Inde- pendent College, Plainfield, 111.; Spen- cerian Business College, Cleveland, O. ; and Oberlin College, Oberlin, O. In 1887 married Jennie E. Clark of Poultney; they have four children, Ruth Lucia, Herma Clark, Willard Ashton, Jr., and Marquita Frances. Began teaching in the district school, Kipton, O. ; was assistant principal Richland County Nor- mal School, Mansfield, O. ; principal of Scientific and Business Institute, Mans- field, O. ; director Commercial Department, Troy Conference Academy, Poultney; principiil Graded School, Poultney; as- sistant principal Drake's Business College, Jersey City, N. J.; and superintendent of schools, Rutland. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Congregationalist. FRENCH, George B., Concord. Phy- sician and surgeon. Born Hardwick, Jan. 24, 1858; son of Mark and Lois (Dutton) French. Educated at Hardwick and Mor- risville academies; Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago; Eclectic Medical Col- lege, New York, M. D. 188S. In 1884 married Alice E. Ford of Hardwick; they have one son, Harold F. Practiced his profession at Waterville three years, Greensboro four years, and Concord 22 years; member Caledonia County Medical Society. A Republican; has filled the office of school superintendent, school di- rector, and selectman ; has been health offi- cer of Concord for several years; repre- sented Concord in the Legislature 1908, member committee on health and chairman committee on insane. A Universalist ; past master Moose River Lodge No. 82, F. & A. M.; member Order of Eastern Star, and of Concord Grange. FRESN, Albert C, South Hero. Farmer. Born Chrestome, P. Q., Oct. 10, 1 862 ; son of Peter and Elizabeth .(Char- ters) Fresn. Educated in the public schools of South Hero, and St. Albans High School. In 1885 married Edith McNall of Plattsburg, N. Y.; they have one son, Benjamin A. Employed by U. S. government in river and harbor im- provements in the Wisconsin River, three and one-half years; returned to South Hero, purchased a farm and followed farming imtil 1900, when he sold the farm, purchased a tract of land for an orchard, and has since devoted his time to fruit growing. Is a Democrat; has been constable since 1892; deputy sheriff past six years; fish and game warden two years; town grand juror 1904-5; repre- GALVIN] MEN OF VERMONT 197 sented South Hero in the Legislature 1908. Clerk in Mansfield Lodge No. 15116, Modern Woodmen of America. FULLAM, Eben Joel, Springfield. Born Ludlow, March 20, 1871; son of Leighton G. and Adelaide (Slack) Ful- 1am. Educated at Black River Academy of Ludlow, class of 1891, and Middlebury College, class of 1895. In 1899 married Eva May Bryant of Ludlow. Treasurer of the Fellows Gear Shaper Co. since 1899- A Republican. Member of the Congregational Church. Member of Delta Upsilon college fraternity. FULLER, Erasmus Darwin, St. Al- bans. Livery and sales stable. Born St. Albans, Feb. 7, 1834; son of William and Eliza (Green) Fuller. Educated in the public schools and St. Albans Academy. In 1855 married Maretta A. Manzer of Swanton. William Fuller, his father, was the first man in St. Albans to keep a liv- ery; his son Erasmus, his successor, is now, and has been since 1850, doing busi- ness on the spot where he was born, being the oldest liveryman in Vermont, and the longest in business consecutively of any man in St. Albans. Is a Republican. A Congregationalist. The oldest living mem- ber of Franklin Lodge No. 4, F. & A. M., St. Albans, having joined the order 51 years ago; a member of St. Albans Lodge No. 31, I. O. O. F., since March 1, 1872. GALE, Fred P., Plainfield. Physician. Born Plainfield, May 5, 1853; son of S. B. and Mary (Bailey) Gale. Educated in the public schools, Barre Academy, and University of Vermont, medical depart- ment. In 1886 married Mary Nevens of Cabot; they have one daughter, Ella Web- ster Gale of Tacoma, Wash. Practiced medicine in Cabot previous to 1889; from 1889 to 1897 in Fort Payne, Ala.; since 1 897 engaged in practice in Plainfield. Is a Republican. Superintendent of schools in Cabot and Plainfield for a number of years; health officer in Plainfield; past master Green Mountain Lodge No. 68, F. & A. M., of Cabot. GALE, Maurice Alfred, Bradford. Hotel proprietor. Born Sandy Creek, Os- wego County, N. Y. ; son of Reuben E. and Emeline (Spink) Gale. Educated in the public schools of Potsdam, N. Y. In 1886 married Ida Belle Sawyer of New- bury; they had three children, William Maurice, Phillip Donald, and Florence Burnham (deceased). Clerk in general insurance office Cleveland, O., 1875-80; covered 14 states in capacity of salesman for the Cleveland Paper Co. 1880-5; with White River Paper Co. 1885-95; had charge of the Clyde River Paper Co.'s office for a brief time; in hotel business at Newbury for five years; purchased hotel at Fairlee, conducting same until 1905 ; then purchased Hotel Low at Bradford, of which he is at present proprietor. A Republican; constable 1906-9; deputy sheriff of Orange County since 1909; town grand juror, of Fairlee 1904-6. A Congregationalist; chorister six years in Newbury. Member Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M., of Wells River, and Mt. Lebanon Chapter No. 13, R. A. M., of Bradford. GALVIN, John, late of Brattleboro. Born in County Cork, Ireland, Aug. 15, 1854; died Dec. 26, 1911; son of Dennis and Joanna (Driscoll) Galvin. Educated in the public schools of Monkton. In 1887' married- Mary Flannery of Richmond; they had five children, John E., Katherine M., Agnes E., Anna D., and Maysie E. Served apprenticeship at tinsmithing and plumbing with George Barnum, Richmond, 1874-7; commenced business in Middle- bury, forming partnership with Judge Hyde; moved to Brattleboro in 1880, se- cured employment with E. H. Wood; in partnership with P. K. White one year; later conducted business alone. Assistant chief engineer Brattleboro fire department, 1888-93; chairman insurance committee Brattleboro Board of Trade. A Democrat; member board of bailiffs, 1894, 1896, 1905, 1906; chairman of board last two years; member of special committee to acquire municipal water system, I9O6; town auditor 1891-7; selectman 1909-12, and chairman of board at time of his death. Member of board of trustees of the Austine institution. Member of St. Michael's Catholic Church; St. Michael's Court No. 574, C. O. F., and past chief ranger of the order; member executive committee National federation Catholic so- cieties 1901-5; member Leo Council No. 917, Knights of Columbus. 198 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEEMONT BIOGRAPHY [GAEVEY GARVEY, Peter F., Burlington. As- sistant postmaster. Born Fairfield, Nov. II, 1876; son of Michael J. and Mary (Maginn) Garvey. Educated at Burlington High School, graduate of class of 1893. Principal of Fairfield Graded School, 1 894-8 ; appointed clerk in the Burlington postoffice 1899, under civil service rules; appointed assistant postmaster 1903, still holding that position. Is a Republican. Member of the Roman Catholic Church. Member of DeGoesbriand Council No. 279, Knights of Columbus; Burlington Lodge No. 916, Benevolent Protective Or- der of Elks; Ethan Allen Club; and Lake Champlain Yacht Club. GARY, Frank Ephraim Herbert, Newton Center, Mass. Lawyer. Born Montpelier, Oct. 8, 1858; son of Ephraim and Sarah (Robinson) Gary. Educated at Washington County Grammar School, graduated from Vermont Methodist Semi- nary 1879, and Boston University Law School 1884. In 1897 married Helen Putnam Osborne of Peabody, Mass. Stud- ied law with Heath & Carlton, Montpel- ier ; admitted to Washington County (Ver- mont) Bar 1882; admitted to the bar of the supreme court of Vermont in 1884; practiced law in his native state two years ; moved to Boston, Mass., admitted to the Massachusetts Bar, and continued the practice of his profession; elected acting assistaiit dean of the Boston University Law School 1889, which position he held two years, also instructor of criminal law in that institution; traveled extensively in Europe 1900. Aside from the duties of his profession, has been largely interested in religious, charitable and literary en- deavor; member of the First Baptist Church of Boston; at one time superin- tendent of the Bethany Baptist Sunday school,, and held other religious and church offices; has been a director of the Boston Baptist Social Union, the Baptist Home at Cambridge, the New England Evangel- istic Association; treasurer and director of the New England Lord's Day League; president of the Pine Island Outing Club, one of the advisory board of the Frances E. Willard Settlement; president and di- rector of the Chinese Mission of New England since its incorporation ; first pres- ident of the Young Men's Baptist Social Union; a member of the Vermont Associ- ation, the Appalachian Mountain Club, the Massachusetts Peace Society, the New England Baptist Library Association, the Bostonian Society and others. Office, 43 Tremont St., Boston, Mass.; residence, 767 Commonwealth Ave., Newton Center, Mass. GATES, Benjamin, Montpelier. Law- yer. Born Pittsford, Aug. 6, 1 873 ; son of Amos L. and Isabella (Johnson) Gates. Educated at Brandon Graded School, Montpelier Seminary, and Law Depart- ment of University of Michigan. In 1904 married Bernice Maude Hunt of Montpel- ier. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1903. En- listed in Company A, 1st Regiment Con- necticut Volimteers, and served as pri- vate during Spanish-American War at Fort Knox, Me., and at Camp Alger, Va. ; honorable discharge 1898. Is a Repub- lican; was deputy clerk of Washington County Court 1899-1901; second assistant state librarian 1902-3; city grand juror 1904-6; state's attorney for Washington County 1906-10. Is a Methodist. Mem- ber of Modern Woodmen of America, Knights of Pythias, Masons, Vermont His- torical Society, Montpelier Historical So- ciety, The Club, a literary institution ; Ver- mont Bar Association, Washington County Bar Association, state lecturer and counsel of local camp in Modern Woodmen of America. GATES, Calvin Leo, Morrisville. Lumber manufacturer. Born Hyde Park, March 19, 1858; son of Benjamin Nathan and Delia (Whittier) Gates. Educated at Lamoille Central Academy, Hyde Park. In 1882 married Abbie L. BuUard of Hyde Park; they have three children, Mary Delia, Marjorie Fluella, and Whit- tier Bullard. Was employed six years by Western Union Telegraph Co.; has fol- lowed farming in Vermont; was hotel keeper and liveryman in Kansas; proved up government lands and freighter in Colorado; proprietor of Morrisville and Stowe stage line six years; at present manager of Morrisville Lumber and Pow- er Co. Is a Democrat; represented Mor- ristown in Legislature 1904 — the first Democrat elected in Morristown in 54 years; has been member of Democratic state committee 12 years; has been lister, school director, and at present is chairman of the board of selectmen of Morristown. Is a Universalist. Member of Mt. Ver- non Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M.; Tucker r^/^^A^^^^:/^ GIBSON] MEN OF VERMONT 199 Chapter No. 15, R. A. M.; Coral Chapter, O. E. S.; Lamoille Commandery No. 13, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. ; and Rathbone Lodge, K. of P. GATES, Walter Benton, Burlington. Reporter and editor. Born Burlington, Sept. 27, I860; son of Stephen and Martha Jane (Peck) Gates. Educated at Burlington High School and University of Vermont, class of 1881. In 1891 mar- ried Isabelle Miller Chandler of Pom- fret; she died in 1911 ; they had two chil- dren, Dorothy and Chandler Stephen. Was with Burlington Cotton Mills 1882-7; from 1887 has been with the Burlington Free Press as reporter and city editor; is president of the Free Press Association and of Free Press Printing Company. Is a Republican; was secretary of Republi- can League of Vermont 1892-6; super- visor of United States census for Vermont 1900. A Unitarian. Member of Ethan AUen Club, and the Sigma Phi fraternity. GEORGE, Alvah H., St. Albans. Lawyer. Born St. Albans, Feb. 8, 1868; son of Horace W. and Mellisa A. (Young) George. Educated at St. Albans High School, a graduate of the class of 1886; studied law with Farrington & Post. Ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1889. Is a Dem- ocrat. Represented St. Albans in the Legislature 1900. Mayor of St. Albans 1904. Member of St. Albans Lodge No. 31, I. O. O. F.; and past grand chancellor of the Knights of Pythias. GEORGE, William T., South Ryegate. Grain dealer. Born Topsham, Oct. IQ, 1854; son of William T. and Harriet B. (Weed) George. Educated in the public schools of Topsham and Bradford Acad- emy. In 1884 married Maila T. Miller of Topsham. Worked on farm previous to 1872, when he was employed in a general store in Topsham; later in the dry goods store of A. H. Bailey, Montpelier; in 1878 accompanied Mr. Bailey when he removed to Groton; in 1879 went to South Ryegate as clerk for Geo. L. Hall, gen- eral store, where he remained five years; manager of the Ryegate granite works store two years; later in company with Terry & Guy, purchased the general store of J. B. Darling & Son, where he remained 10 years, when he sold out and became manager of the grain business of E. For- syth at South Ryegate, purchasing the business in 1904; this he has since con- ducted. Is a Republican; selectman for several years; has held all the town of- fices; administrator of 12 different estates. Member of United Presbyterian Church . of South Ryegate; elder of the church for 20 years, and has held many other church offices. GIBBS, Lyman Alonzo, White River Junction. Hotel keeper. Born Brandon, Jan. 30, 1858; son of Alonzo and Martha Elizabeth (Winslow) Gibbs. At an early age removed with his parents to Wood- stock, and later to West Lebanon, N. H., where he was educated in the village schools. In 1882 married Clara Bell Bigelow of GaysviUe; they have two chil- dren, Charles Lyman and Alfred Alonzo. Conducted a meat market at West Leb- anon, N. H.; later removed to White River Junction, where he established a livery business which was later merged into that of the Junction House; member firm of Gibbs & Wheeler, proprietors of the Junction House. Was for two years selectman and overseer of the poor for town of Hartford. A Congregationalist. Charter member of Myrtle Lodge, I. O. O. F., and member of Iroquois Club of White River Junction. GIBSON, Ernest Willard, Brattle- boro. Lawyer. Born Londonderry, Dec. 29, 1872; son of William L. and SaviUe S. (Stowell) Gibson. Educated at Black River Academy, Norwich University 1894, and University of Michigan, B. S. and A. M. In 1896 married Grace Fullerton Hadley of Chester; they have four chil- dren, Frank Hadley, Ernest W., Doris, and Preston F. Worked on farm until of age; principal Chester High School 1894- 8 ; studied law in the office of E. L. Water- man and James L. Martin; admitted to Vermont Bar 1899. Captain Co. I, Ver- mont National Guard 1903-6; colonel and inspector of rifle practice on staff of Gov- ernor Proctor 1906-8; retired with rank of colonel 1908. Is a Republican; was member of Republican state committee, and of executive committee four years; register probate district of Windsor 1897- 8; deputy clerk U. S. courts 1899-1906; represented Brattleboro in the Legislature 1906; senator from Windsor County 1908, being president pro tem. ; candidate for 200 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [GIFFIN Republican nomination for lieutenant-gov- ernor 1910 ; judge of municipal court 1906-10 ; delegate to Republican national convention at Chicago^ 1912. An Episco- palian; junior warden St. Michael's par- ish of Brattleboro. Member of Brattle- boro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M., and Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M.; Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T. ; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; Wan- tastiquet Lodge No. 5, I. O. O. F. ; the Grange; Independent Order of Red Men; Modern Woodmen of America; and Ver- mont Wheel Club. GIFFIN, Albert J., Sheffield. Mer- chant. Born Hardwick, March 7, 1854; son of George and Ursula (Stevens) Gif- fin. Educated in the public schools of Sheffield. In 1877 married Jennie N. Folsom of Sheffield. Began business life as painter in a furniture store in Man- chester, N. H. ; after two years returned to Sheffield, and formed the firm of Fol- som & Giffin; later built a large store and formed the firm of Giffin & Simpson, gen- eral merchandise; has been doing business in the same place 35 years; since I9IO has conducted the business alone; post- master since 1885. Is a Republican; one of the library committee of Sheffield. A Methodist; musical director for 25 years. Member of Crescent Lodge No. 66, F. & A. M., of Lyndonville; and the Junior Order of American Mechanics. GILBERT, Bernie B., North Troy. Hotel keeper. Born Westfield, Nov. 14, 1877; son of Charles S. and Mandana (Brown) Gilbert. Educated in the pub- lie schools. In 1900 married Louise Goade of Montgomery; they have one son, Charles Clayton. Worked as clerk in the store of H. D. Miller, Westfield, one year; in the Davol Rubber Co.'s factory, Provi- dence, R. I., one year; in Annis & Co.'s store, ^Manchester, N. H., three years; owned and operated stage line between Newport and Westfield four years; in the livery business in Barton one year, and at Newport three years; in 1909 purchased the Frontier House North Troy, which he has since conducted. Is a Republican. Member of Union Lodge No. 16, F. & A. M., of Troy. GILBERT, Walter Angier, Brattle- boro. Associate editor. Born East Put- ney, Nov. 6, 1872; son of James M. and Helen Frances (Angier) Gilbert. Edu- cated at Brattleboro High School, class of 1891 and its president. In 1895 married Helen Lena Cobb of Brattleboro; they have one son, Howard Cobb. From 1896 to 1906 was reporter for the Vermont Phoenix, Brattleboro; I906-9 Brattleboro correspondent for several Vermont and Massachusetts daily papers; since I909 associate editor of the Vermont Phoenix. Is a Republican; member of the Brattle- boro Board of Trade ; a Congregationalist ; member of Center Congregational Church and clerk of the Ecclesiastical Society of the same; has been identified with Brat- tleboro musical affairs. GILFILLAN, John Bachop, Minne- apolis, Minn. Lawyer and banker. Born Barnet, Feb. 11, 1835; son of Robert and Janet (Bachop) GilfiUan. Educated at Caledonia County Grammar School, and Peacham Academy. In 1870 married Re- becca C. Oliphant of Sylvan Mills, Fay- ette County, Pa., who died 1884; they had four children, Robert C, James O., John B, Jr., and Rebecca Janet. In 1893 mar- ried Lavinia Coppock of East Palestine, O. Admitted to Hennepin County Bar and Bar of state supreme court in I860, and later to Bar of U. S. circuit and su- preme courts. First lieutenant Co. E, 1st Minnesota Regiment, three months' vol- unteers; mustered in April 29, I86I, at Fort Snelling, Minn.; member law firm of Lochren, McMair & GilfiUan 1870-84; of GilfiUan, Belden & WiUard 1884-95, and of GilfiUan, WiUard & WiUard 1895- 19OO; director First National Bank of Minneapolis since 1894; president of same 1 900-3, and since that date chairman of its board of directors. Member of the board of regents of the University of Min- nesota 1880-88. A Republican; city at- torney 1862-6; prosecuting attorney Hen- nepin County 1863-7 and 1871-5; mem- ber of state senate 1875-85; member of Congress 1885-7. A United Presbyterian; member of board of trustees Westminster Presbyterian Church, Minneapolis, since 1873. Master of Cataract Lodge No. 2, F. & A. M., and a Royal Arch Mason. GILFILLAN, William Nelson, South Ryegate. Farmer. Born Brownington, Jan. 7, 1847; son of Andrew and Eliza- beth (Nelson) GilfiUan. Educated at pub- GLEASON] MEN OF VERMONT 201 lie schools and Peacham Academy. In 1877 married S. Elizabeth Henderson of Newbury; they had two children, Irving Henry and Baily H. (deceased). Taught school in Newbury and Ryegate ; was ship- ping clerk at Springfield two years; and has for many years conducted farm in Ryegate; for many years secretary Rye- gate and Wells River Valley Dairymen's Association; and South Ryegate Creamery Association; library trustee 10 years; sec- retary of committee of 28 under whose su- pervision the history of Ryegate was pre- pared. Is a Republican; has been school director, lister, and selectman, and ceme- tery commissioner for 12 years; repre- sented Ryegate in the Legislature 1902; delegate to county and state conventions, etc. In religious belief a United Presby- terian; elder and clerk of sessions. Mem- ber of Forest and Stream Club of Cale- donia County. GILLETT, Frank B., Jonesville. Grain dealer and telephone business. Born Richmond, 1850; son of Henry and Orpha GUlett. Educated in the public schools and Eastman Business College, Pough- keepsie, N. Y. In 1876 married Anna Pelton; they have two children, Henry P. and Minnie B. Reared on a farm, remaining until 22 years of age; U. S. mail service 1872-7; later in a general store, and at present conducts a flour and feed store and private telephone business covering 11 towns in Chittenden and Ad- dison Counties. Is a Democrat; has held practically every office in the gift of the town; represented Richmond in the Leg- islature 1910 ; an Odd Fellow, and member of the Grand Lodge of Vermont. GILPIN, Wallace Harry, Barton. Editor. Born Westfield, Nov. 19, 1888; son of William Bullock and Harriet (Far- man) Gilpin. Educated in the public schools of Westfield, Barton Academy, and Montpelier Seminary. In 1906 married Laura Inez Gay of Orleans; they have two children, Ruth and Esther Harriet. In 1 900 learned printer's trade ; later pur- chased job printing office at Orleans; in 1904 purchased the Orleans County Moni- tor and job printing office at Barton; in 1909 took Franz A. Hunt into partner- sip in the job printing business under name of Monitor Press at Barton, and Valley Print at Orleans; is sole owner and editor of the Monitor; in 1906 organ- ized the Vermont Realty Co., real estate dealers. Barton ; this was consolidated with King & Nelson, real estate dealers, in 19O8, and the King & Nelson Co., Incor- porated, was formed, with Mr. Gilpin treasurer; is secretary of the Barton Gran- ite Proraoting Co., Barton. Is library trustee of town of Barton, and treasurer of library board. Is a member of the Barton Republican town committee and on the board of trustees of the Barton Acad- emy and graded school district. Member of Barton Congregational Church; dea- con; president of Orleans County Chris- tian Endeavor Union; and an officer in the state organization. Member of Malta Commandery No. 10, K. T., Newport; Keystone Chapter No. 16, R. A. M., Bar- ton, holding office in same; Orleans Lodge No. 53, F. & A. M., Barton, in which he holds office; Crystal Lake Grange, Bar- ton; Modern Woodmen of America; sec- retary of Barton Development Associa- tion, and instrumental in its organization. GLEASON, Fred Elijah, Montpelier. Lawyer. Born Montpelier, March 17, 1883; son of Louis Pomeroy and Ann Louise (Timothy) Gleason. Educated at Williston Seminary, Easthampton, Mass. ; Yale College, A. B. 1905; and Harvard Law School. In I9II married Letitia Elizabeth Butcher of Cambridge, Mass. Studied law in the office of Hon. E. H. Deavitt; admitted to Vermont Bar 1909. A Republican; elected city grand juror of Montpelier in March, I91O; and re-elected in March, I9II; secretary and director Union Block Co., Montpelier; secretary Montpelier Board of Trade since I9O8; member executive committee Vermont State Yale Association; secretary Washington County Bar Association in 1910, and re- elected 1911. Senior warden Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M., of Montpelier. An Episcopalian, secretary Christ Episcopal Church. GLEASON, Herbert Carlisle, Mont- pelier. Merchant. Born Waitsfield, April 20, 1857; son of Richardson J. and Mary L. (Matthews) Gleason. Educated at Waitsfield Graded School and Barrc Academy. In 1886 married Mary P. Timothy of Ransomville, N. Y. Became partner in the firm of L. P. Gleason & Co., dry goods, in 1884; afterwards of 202 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [GLEASON their successors^ the firm of L. P. & H. C. Gleason, for many years; since 1907 has owned and conducted the business under the name of Herbert C. Gleason; is a di- rector of Heaton Hospital. Is a Republi- can; was school commissioner for several years. A Congregationalist. Member Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M. GLEASON, Joseph Thomas, Lyndon- ville. Lawyer. Born Lunenburg, June 18, ] 844 ; son of George and Sabrina W. (Thomas) Gleason. Both his great-grand- fathers served in the Revolutionary War, his maternal ancestor being a lieutenant in a New Hampshire regiment. Educated in public schools of Lunenburg. In 1884 married Mary S. Aldrich of Concord; they have one daughter, Louise Mary (Mrs. W. N. Humphrey) of Pasadena, Cal. In December, 1861, enlisted, in Co. K, 8th Regiment Vermont Volunteers; rejected on account of his youth; in August, 1862, enlisted in Co. E, 15th Regiment Vermont Volunteers, serving until discharged at ex-* piration of enlistment; in battle of Get- tysburg. Followed farming until 1 874 ; studied law in office of J. P. Sanborn, Cabot, and W. W. Eaton, Concord; in 1875 opened law office at Concord; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1876; in law part- nership with O. F. Harvey at Concord, 1876-8; opened first law office at Lyndon- ville, where he has since resided. Direc- tor and vice-president Masonic Building Association; clerk, treasurer and manager Lyndon Building Co. ; director and vice- president National Bank of Lyndon; trus- tee Lyndon Institute. A Republican; chairman town committee 12 years; county committee four years; moderator town, village and school meetings many years; served as town clerk, treasurer, auditor, agent, etc.; assistant judge Caledonia County court; senator from Caledonia County. A Congregationalist, and church trustee; member of Crescent Lodge No. 66, F. & A. M. ; Palestine Commandery, K. T. ; Caledonia Council, R. & S. M. ; and Haswell Chapter, R. A. M., of St. Johns- bury. Has served two terms as grand patron of the Grand Chapter, O. E. S., of Vermont; member of Farnsworth Post, G. A. R., of Lyndonville, of which he has been adjutant and commander. GOING, Charles Frank, White River Junction. Hotel man. Born Lowell, Mass., Dec. 31, 1848; son of Charles and Hannah (Russell) Going. Educated in public schools of Lowell. In 1877 mar- ried Catherine Sturtevant of New Bed- ford, Mass.; she died at Toronto, Can., 1884; they had two children, Ella A. (de- ceased) and Russell S. In 1892 married Edith M. Whitcomb of Lowell, Mass.; they have two children, Gladys W. and Derby L. Proprietor, at different periods, American House, Lowell, Mass.; Fort Point House, Stockton, Me.; Nanepashe- met House, Marblehfead Neck, Marble- head, Mass.; Adelaide Street skating rink, Toronto, Can.; manager Lakeview Park, Lowell, Mass.; clerk Junction House, White River Junction,, since 1899- A Re- publican; city messenger, Lowell, Mass., three years. An Episcopalian; charter member and one of the first board of di- rectors Vesper Boat Club, LoWell, Mass. GOODFELLOW, John Scoular, A1- burg Springs. Physician and surgeon. Born Thedford, Ont., Feb. 4, 1863; son of Rev. Peter F. and Agnes (Martyn) Goodfellow. Educated in the public schools of Ontario; Bradford High School, Brad- ford, Ont.; Trinity University, Toronto, Ont., class of 1894; and member of Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons of On- tario 1896. In 1897 married Lillian Mary Smith of Bradford, Ont. Conducted Huntsville Hospital, and owned and con- ducted Sudbury Hospital, Ontario, 1894- 6, when he sold the Sudbury Hospital and removed to Alburg, where he has practiced medicine to date; medical examiner for many of the insurance companies. A Re- publican; town clerk 1905-7; member of library committee for past five years. An attendant of the Presbyterian Church. Past master of Columbus Lodge No. 11, F. & A. M., of Alburg Center; and a past district deputy grand master; member of Hill Chapter No. 14, R. A. M.; Modern Woodmen of America; and Independent Order of Odd Fellows. GOODINE, Henry W., South Rye- gate. Granite manufacturer. Born Upper Magaguadavic, N. B., Sept. 18, 1870; son of Simon and Mary (Henry) Goodine. Educated in the public schools in New Brunswick. In 1899 married Mary Crai- gie of South Ryegate. Went to St. Johns- bury in 1887, where he was employed in the Fairbanks scale works five years; in GORHAJI] MEN OF VERMONT 203 1893 went to South Ryegate and learned the granite business ; in 1 898 bought the business^ which he has enlarged so that now he has two granite sheds, also a quarry. Mr. Goodine is a Republican. Member of the Presbyterian Church. Member of Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M., of Wells River. GOODRICH, John Ellsworth, Bur- lington. Educator. Born Hinsdale, Mass., Jan. 19, 1831; son of Elijah Hubbard and Mary Northrop (Washburn) Good- rich. Educated in the schools of Hins- dale, and University of Vermont, graduat- ing in the class of 1853. In 1869 married EUen Miranda Moody of Burlington; they had three children, of whom one son is living, Chauncey Marsh Goodrich (U. V. M. 1896), a civil engineer at Detroit, Mich. Was principal of academies at Hinsdale, Mass., 1853-4; Montpelier 1854- 6; Meriden, N. H., 1870-1; graduate- of Andover Theological Seminary I860; chaplain 1st Vermont Cavalry 1864-5; su- perintendent city schools, Burlington, 1868-70; professor of rhetoric and Eng- lish literature and Latin, University of Vermont, 1872-7; of Latin and Greek 1877-81 ; of Latin 1881-1906; dean of aca- demic department 1902-6; professor emer- itus 1906 to date; librarian University of Vermont 1873-86; compiled and edited Vermont Revolutionary Rolls 1904; vari- ous university publications ; associate edi- tor Chandler's Encyclopedia; contributor to Britannica and other encyclopedias; to "New England States^" "History of Chit- tenden County," etc. Prof. Goodrich is a Republican; a Congregational clergy- man; member of Grand Army of the Re- public; of Vermont Commandery of the Loyal Legion; Vermont Historical Soci- ety, etc. GORDON, John Warren, Barre. Law- yer. Born Vershire, Sept. 16, 1857; son of William and Mary Ann (Thurber) Gor- don. Educated in the public schools, Bur- lington High School, Barre Academy and Dartmouth College. In 1884 married Maud Laura Dunham of Barre; they have five children, Lillian Ward, Paul Dunham, Philip Cummings, John Aubrey, and Nor- man Seaver. Teacher in the high schools of Milford and Worcester, Mass., 1883- 1 886 ; admitted to Vermont and U. S. Bars I89O; engaged in the granite business 1886-92; has practiced law since 1890; law partner of S. HoUister Jackson 1900- 2. Is a Republican; mayor of Barre city 1896-1 900; represented Washington Coun- ty in the Senate 1910; has been city at- torney; school commissioner; and is direc- tor of French Barre Library. Member of the Universalist Church, and the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows. GORDON, Mathew M., Barre. Law- yer. Born East Clifton, P. Q., April 4, 1870; son of William and Eliza (Hamil- ton) Gordon. Educated at Montpelier Seminary, class of I896, and Syracuse University 1898. In 1900 married Nora A. Cutler of Bethel. In early Ufe he worked upon the farm during the summer months, and in the logging woods during the winter; in 1890 worked in the quar- ries in Barre. Studied law and was ad- mitted to the Vermont Bar 1899, and lo- cated in Barre, where he has since prac- ticed his profession; has built up a large practice, especially as a criminal lawyer. Is a Republican. Member of Hiawatha Lodge, I. O. O. F.; past chief patriot of Minnehaha Encampment; member of Can- ton Vinton; Red Men; Royal Arcanum; New England Order of Protection; Clan Gordon; and Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. GORHAM, Henry George, Bellows Falls. Physician. Born Westminster West, Oct. 9, 1857; son of Freeman and Malina (Hitchcock) Gorham. Educated at West- minster public schools, Vermont Academy, University of New York, medical depart- ment, M. D. 1882. In 1897 married Mrs. Abbie (Veazey) Hitchcock of Bellows Falls. Practiced medicine in New York 1882-4; Westminster West 1884-7; Al- stead, N. H., 1887-90; studied in New York and abroad 1890-1; in practice at Bellows Falls since 1892. Director Brat- tleboro Trust Co.; member Vermont State Medical Society, president one year. A Republican; senator from Windham Coun- ty 1 898 ; member second congressional dis- trict Republican committee for ten years; secretary of state board of examiners of embalmers; member of school board in Alstead and Westminster; bailiff and trus- tee of Bellows Falls village corporation five years. Deacon in the Congregational Church. Member King Solomon's Temple Lodge, F. & A. M.; Abenaqui Chapter; 204 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [GOSS Holy Cross Commandery ; has been grand commander Knights Templar; member of Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; Ver- mont Consistory; been grand patron of Order Eastern Star of Vermont; and mem- ber of BeUows Falls Lodge, I. O. O. F. GOSS, Charles Herbert, St. Johns- bury. Merchant. Born South Wheelock, July 29, 1865; son of Horace C. and Celistia E. (Sanderson) Goss. Educated in the public schools of South Wheelock. In 1887 married Mary E. Fitzsimmons of Lowell; they have five children, Sadie Calista, Ethel Mae, Virginia Estelle, Clara Helen, and Henry Charles. Engaged in heating and plumbing business to date; established automobile garage in 1910. A Congregationalist. Member of Commer- cial Club of St. Johnsbury, Automobile Club of Vermont, and Forest and Stream Club. GRANGER, William Smith, A. M., Providence, R. I. Insurance. Born Pitts- ford, Sept. 19, 1834; son of Chester and Mary Page (Smith) Granger; is lineally descended on his paternal side from Laun- celot Granger, the founder of Newbury, Mass. ; also William Aspinwall of the Massachusetts Bay Colony; Medad Pom- eroy, one of the original proprietors of Roxbury, and the Dudleys, Hoars, Sey- mours and Wells; on his maternal line from Rev. Peter Buckley, one of the founders of Concord, Mass. ; Rev. Ger- sham Buckley, D. D., surgeon in the Co- lonial Army; Rev. Charles Chauncey, sec- ond president of Harvard University; Captain John and Jonathan Prescott; and Rev. Henry Smith, the first settled cler- gyman of Weathersfield, Conn., 1639. Wil- liam Smith Granger was educated in Sa- lem, N. Y., and Manchester, Vt., previous to entering Brown University, Providence, September, 1850. In 1871 married Caro- line Richmond, daughter of the late Col. J. Talbot and Caroline (Richmond) Pit- man. They have two daughters, Mary Alice and Helen Richmond. Came to Providence 184.9; employed in Augusta, Me., two years; returned to Pittsford, where he remained until 1866; treasurer Cove Foundry & Machine Co., Providence, which was later succeeded by the Granger Foundry & Machine Co.; was president of this company until it was merged with three other corporations in Providence under the name of the Textile Finishing and Machinery Co., manufacturers of ma- chines for bleaching, dyeing and finishing cotton goods, also for finishing surface- coated and letter and ledger papers, in- vented and introduced a calender roll to supersede a paper roll for finishing pa- pers, which has revolutionized the fin- ishing of that class of goods; also in- vented a calender roll composed of a mix- ture of cotton and corn husks now in use in 150 print works bleacheries and cotton mills in this country and Europe. Presi- dent Narragansett Mutual Fire Insurance Co. since 1904. Was director in the Sec- ond National Bank until it merged with the United National Bank, where he served two years, resigning on account of il! health; director American Wringer Co., Davol Mills, Franklin, Narragansett Mu- tual Fire Insurance Co., and several other corporations. Mr. Granger is a Repub- lican; one of the founders and still a member of Otter Creek Lodge No. 70, F. & A. M., of Pittsford; Farmers Chapter, R. A. M., of Brandon; member Calvary Commandery No. 13, K. T., of Provi- dence; member of Society of Colonial Wars, Sons of American Revolution, Rhode Island Historical Society, Rhode Island School of Design; Hope, Squan- tum. University and Economic Clubs of Providence. GRATONj Claude Dewing, Burling- ton. Lawyer. Born Aug. 15, 1876; son of Milo C. and Deborah (Shelby) Graton. Educated in the public schools; Eastman Business College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; law department of the University of Maine, degree of LL. B. ; and New York Law School. Admitted to Maine Bar 1900, and to the Vermont Bar 1901; as- sisted in organizing Champlain Trust Co. of Winooski 1906; treasurer Chittenden County Bar Association 1907-1912; and president of the Bank Stock Co. Is a Democrat; represented Burlington in the Legislature 1906; member of the board of assessors of Burlington I91I-1914. An attendant of St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Member of Burlington Lodge No. 100, F. & A. M.; life member of the Fra- ternal Order of Eagles. GRAVES, Charles C, Waterbury. Insurance. Born Middlesex, Feb. 17, 1855; son of Rarwson and Cornelia (Scrib- GREEN] MEN OF VERMONT 205 ner) Graves. Educated in the public schools. In 1876 married Ellen B. Dan- iels of Middlesex; they have one daughter^ Etta F. Followed farming previous to 1889j when he engaged in the general in- surance business, which he has followed since. Is a Republican; was sheriff of Washington County 1898-1902; deputy sheriff 1892-8, and again from 1901 to date; deputy U. S. marshal since 1903; was lister and constable, Middlesex; con- stable, Waterbury, 14 years, and collector of taxes IS years; town treasurer since 1907; village president 1907-8; director of Waterbury National Bank 1909, and vice president 1910. Is a Congregation- alist. Is past master Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. &. A. M.; past noble grand Mentor Lodge No. 51, I. O. O. F., and past district deputy grand master; past chief patriarch, Alhambra Encampment No. 20, I. O. O. F.; president of Camel's Hump Club; member of Waterbury Twen- ty-five Club; Waterbury Board of Trade; and secretary of Montpelier Board of Fire Underwriters. GRAVES, Collins Millard, Benning- ton. Lawyer and postmaster. Born Ben- nington, Nov. 7, 1871; son of William Russell and Flora (Millard) Graves. Ed- ucated at Bennington graded and high schools, and Brown University, B. A. 1895. In 1897 married Florence Dewey Quackenbush of Hoosick, N. Y. ; they have four children, Cebra Quackenbush, Wil- liam Russell, George Millard, and Van Vechten Breese. Was real estate broker in New York City 1897-1900; admitted to Vermont Bar 1904; appointed by Presi- dent Roosevelt postmaster at Bennington February, 1906; reappointed by President Taft February, 19IO. A Republican; chairman town committee 1901-6; repre- sented Bennington in the Legislature 1904. In religious belief a Baptist. Member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity; Knights of Pythias; Masons; Foresters of Amer- ica; Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; Bennington Club; and Mt. Anthony Country Club. GRAY, Jacob G., Sheffield. Farmer. Born Sheffield, May 27, 1841 ; son of Reu- ben and Annie (Miles) Gray. Educated in the public schools. In 1868 married Elvira W. Pearl of Sheffield; they had five children, Henry M. (deceased), Ralph C, Annie (Mrs. Randall), Susie (Mrs. Tripp), and Edith E. In early youth worked on farm, attending school during winter months. In I86I purchased a farm in Sheffield, which he sold when he en- listed; was in the employ of General Chase of Lyndon about three years; en- gaged in farming at Haverhill, N. H., three years; located near Topeka, Kan., for a short time; in 1878 purchased the Evans farm at Barton; in 1893 a smaller farm, where he remained eight years; and later a residence in Evansville, Browning- ton, where he lived two years ; removed to Sheffield 1903. Enlisted August, 1862, in Co. K, 4th Vermont Volunteer Infantry; promoted to corporal; served until the close of the war; was wounded in the bat- tle of the Wilderness, being shot through the left wrist. Is a Republican ; road com- missioner 1908-9; justice of the peace 1909-10. In religious belief a Methodist. Member of the Grange, and Grand Army of the Republic. GREEN, Edwin, Canaan. Real estate and deputy sheriff. Born Warren, Nov. 8, 1856; son of Charles and Eliza A. (Brooks) Green. Educated in the public schools of Canaan. In 1908 married Cora V. Staples of Manchester, N. H. En- gaged in the lumber business with his father until 1877, when he opened a meat and grocery store in Holbrook, Mass., which he conducted four years; in 1881 returned to Canaan and engaged in the lumber business until 1888, when he went into the general merchandise business; since 1904 has been engaged in real estate. Is a Republican; represented Canaan in the Legislature 1896; appointed deputy sheriff April, 1911 ; has held various town offices. Attendant of the Methodist Epis- copal Church. Member of the order of Masons; Eastern Star; Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows ; the Grange ; Forest- GREENj Gardner Leland, Randolph Center. Educator. Born Franklin, April 22, 1883; son of Lucius Davis and Cora Bell (Chamberlin) Green. Graduate of Barton Academy, Latin scientific course, valedictorian class of 1902, and graduate from University of Vermont, agricultural department, with degree B. S., class of 1906; was class poet. In 1907 married Flora Gertrude Humphrey of Coventry; 206 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [GREENE they have one son, Gardner Humphrey. Began teaching as vice-principal of Thet- ford Academy; was principal Highgate High School one year; Franklin High School one year; and Richford High School two years; in ipiO elected princi- pal State School of Agriculture, Randolph Center. Delivered an address before mem- bers of the Conference of Agricultural Education, Amherst, Mass., 1910, on "Co- Ordinations Between Garden Work, Na- ture Work, and Book Work," which has since been published; joint author Manual of Agriculture for the Public Schools of Vermont; member of the committee who drafted the course of study in agriculture now in use for the secondary schools of Vermont. A member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Member of Phi Beta Kappa, and Kappa Sigma college frater- nities, and the Knights of Pythias. GREENE, Ceylon L., Burlington. In- surance. Born Lincoln, July 23, I860; son of John T. and Melissa (Bagley) Greene. In 1885 married Katherine K. Kelton of Lincoln, who died in IQH ; they had one daughter, Marjorie. Was en- gaged in lumber business until 1896, when he became identified with the Mutual Life Insurance Co. of New York, and in 19OO was appointed supervising agent for the state of Vermont for said company. Is a Republican. Member of the Congrega- tional Church. Member of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M.; Burlington Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and Bur- lington Commandery, Knights Templar, of Burlington; Cairo Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. of Rutland; Green Mountain Lodge, I. O. O. F., of Burlington; Algonquin Club of Burlington ; Lake Mansfield Trout Club of Stowe, and New England Fat Mens' Club of Boston, Mass. GREENE, Frank L. Representative in Congress. See page 78. GREENE, Raymond Louis, Brattle- boro. Automobile dealer. Born Brattle- boro, June 16, 1885; son of Louis D. and Annie (Spencer) Greene. Educated in Brattleboro schools, and Eastman's Busi- ness College. In 19O8 married Ellen May Hunt of Brattleboro. Employed in Peo- ple's National Bank 1904-6; Brattleboro Trust Co. 1906-8; in the automobile busi- ness since ; manager of Brattleboro Garage two years. A Republican. A Congrega- tionalist. Member of Brattleboro Lodge, F. & A. M.; Vermont Wheel Club; Brat- tleboro Board of Trade, and Brattleboro Investment Club. GREENE, Samuel Harrison, Wash- ington, D. C. Clergyman. Born Enos- burg, Dec. 25, 1845; son of Rev. Colum- bus and Martha D. (Webber) Greene. Educated at New Hampton Institution, Fairfax; Brandon Seminary; Norwich University; Colgate University, graduated 1873; Hamilton Theological Seminary, graduated 1875; A. B., A. M., Colgate University; D. D., Rochester, Colgate and Howard, 1883; LL. D., Columbian and Howard Universities 1895. In 1866 mar- ried Miss Lucia A. BuzzeU of Montgom- ery; they have one son, Samuel H. Greene, Jr., M. D., Washington, D. C. Ordained to Baptist ministry, Cazenovia, N. .Y., June, 1875; pastor Cazenovia Church 1875-9; Calvary Baptist Church, Washington, D. C, 1879 to date; (mem- bership 1800, Sunday school 2600, church property $300,000, annual receipts $45,- 000.) Trustee Columbian University 1 889-1 91 1; chairman board of trustees 1 899-1900; acting president 1894-5; 1900-2; vice-president Northern Baptist convention 1897-8. Member Archaeolog- ical Institute of America, National Geo- graphic Society, Sons of American Rev- olution; Delta Upsilon Fraternity; Theta Sigma Clerical Club. Author of "The Twentieth Century Sunday School," a series of lectures delivered before the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary at Louisville, Ky., 1903. Residence, 1320 Q Street, Washington, D. C. GRIFFITH, Edward, Manchester. Lawyer and judge of probate. Born East Dorset, Jan. 7, 1871; son of John Mar- cellus and Mary (Kelly) Griffith. Edu- cated in the public schools ; Burr and Bur- ton Seminary; Dartmouth College, B. L. 1 893 ; New York Law School, LL. B. I896; admitted to New York Bar 1896 and Vermont Bar 1909; practiced law in New York City 1896-9; manager White- face Inn, Lake Placid, N. Y., 1899-1902- assistant manager Astor House New York, one year; manager Churchill Hall and the Rexmere Hotel, Stamford, N Y three years; proprietor Marlboro Inn Montclair, N. Y., two years; came to East iU< -<9^A( GROUT] MEN OF VERMONT 207 Dorset 1908, and engaged in mercantile business with his father, one year. A Republican; was first selectman of Dor- set one year; in 191O elected judge of pro- bate for Manchester district, which posi- tion he now holds. Miember of Phi Delta Theta fraternity, and Casque and Gaunt- let Senior Society of Dartmouth College. GRISWOLD, Solon S., Grand Isle. Farmer. Born Grand Isle, April 26, 1857; son of David E. and Mary Ann (Tobias) Griswold. Educated in the public schools of Grand Isle, and Montpelier Seminary. In 1877 married Clara Gordon, who died 1908; in 1909 married Mina Hoag of Grand Isle. Engaged in business in a general store at Adams Landing 1 873 ; built a store at Grand Isle Corners 1880, and engaged in general merchandise busi- ness 1880-4; has followed farming since 1884; was in the ice business one year. A Republican; represented Grand Isle in the Legislature 1886; senator from Grand Isle County I9IO; has held various town offices; justice of the peace 1896-1900; has been selectman, lister, and school commis- sioner. An attendant of the Methodist Church. Member and secretary of Ma- sonic fraternity; and member of Pomona Grange. GROSS, Otis J., Montpelier. Insur- ance. Born Richford, July 12, 1874; son of William and Rose (Sharon) Gross. Educated at Richford Academy, Montpel- ier Seminary, and Sauvier School of Lan- guages. In 1897 married Anna E. Wil- lard of Richford; they have four children, Ira C, Frank K., Lena M., and Robert W. Taught school eight years; railroad agent two years; assistant secretary Ver- mont Mutual Fire Insurance Co. several years ; at present general manager Con- necticut General Life Insurance Co. In politics a Republican; religious prefer- ence, Methodist; noble grand Vermont Lodge No. 2, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. GROUT, Aaron Hinman, Newport. Lawyer. Born Rock Island, 111., Jan. 18, 1879; son of Josiah and Harriet (Hin- man) Grout. Educated at Derby Acad- emy, graduating in class of 1 896, and Uni- versity of Vermont, class of I9OI. Ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1904. In 1907 married Edith Goddard Hart of Chelsea, Mass.; they have one daughter, Eleanor. Held position in law oflSce of Yoimg & Young, Newport, 1905-6; has since been in partnership with his father. Is a Re- publican; executive messenger 1896-8; executive clerk 1906-8; secretary of civil and military affairs 1 908-10; chairman of Republican county convention 19O8; dele- gate state convention 1908 and 1910; president of Republican Club of Newport I9O8 and 1910. Served in Co. L, Ver- mont National Guard as private, corporal and sergeant 1895-7; captain and aide-de- camp on staff of Gen. Julius J. Estey, brigade commander, 1895-1901; military secretary to the governor with rank of major 1908-10; and judge advocate with rank of major since 1910. In religious preference a Congregationalist. Member of Memphremagog Lodge No. 65, F. & A. M.; Cleveland Chapter No. 20; Orleans Council No. 19; Malta Commandery No. 10; Memphremagog Grange; Young Men's Improvement Club ; Memphremagog Yacht Club; and Kappa Sigma Fraternity. GROUT, Charles H., West Town- shend. Merchant. Born May 26, 1869; son of Edwin Leroy and Charlotte (Fay) Grout. Educated at the public schools and Leland and Gray Seminary. In 1894 married Flora Marcia Eddy of Newfane; they had four children, Paul Harold, Gerald Edwin (deceased), Ethelyn Char- lotte, and Carl Richard Eddy (deceased). Mr. Grout taught several terms of school ; in 1902 bought the general merchandise business of Barber Bros., which he has since conducted. Is a Republican; rep- resentative in the Legislature 1894 and 1910. Is a trustee of Jamaica Savings Bank. Member of Sons of American Revolution; Patrons of Husbandry; and Independent Order of Good Templars. GROUT, Don DeForest, Waterbury. Physician and surgeon. Born Morrisville, April 24, 1849; son of Major Luman M. and Philura J. (French) Grout. Major Luman M. Grout, born Elmore, 1823, is the last surviving veteran of the Mexican war who enlisted from Vermont; he was major of the 8th Vermont Regiment in the Civil war, 1861-5. Educated at Peo- ple's Academy, Morrisville, Dartmouth College, and University of Vermont, grad- uating in medicine 1872. In 1873 mar- ried Nettie A. Jones of Barre, who died in 1880; they had two children, Inez L. 208 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGBAPHY [GBOUT and Luman M.; in 1881 married Angie Wilkins of Stowe; they had four children^ Annie M., Josie B,., Benjamin Harrison, and Angie G. ; after the death of his sec- ond wife married, in 1892, Ida E. Morse of Waterbury; they have two sons, Don Jackson and Frank Morse. In 1872 was appointed assistant physician to Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y., where he served one year; began private practice in Wolcott, where he was superintendent of schools 1 87S ; removed to Stowe, where he was in general practice until he re- moved to Waterbury 1890; has been sur- geon Central Vermont railway since 1900; health officer Waterbury since 1899; was U. S. pension surgeon 1903 and 1905; former consulting surgeon Fanny Allen Hospital. Is a Republican; represented Stowe in the Legislature 1888; served on committee on insane; had charge of the bill in the House that ihade the present state hospital possible; had charge of its construction, and brought the first 200 pa- tients to it from the Retreat at Brattle- boro; trustee of village of Waterbury, and chairman of school board 1900-1 90S; chairman of Republican town committee for past 20 years; chairman State Tuber- culosis Commission 1902-5 ; delegate to Pan-American Tuberculosis Congress, Bal- timore, 1903; appointed superintendent and treasurer Vermont State Hospital for the insane Sept. 6, 1905, which position he now holds. Is past master Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M. ; member Water- bury Chapter No. 24, R. A. M.; member of Vermont State Medical Society; Bur- lington and Chittenden County Clinical Society; and American Medical Associa- tion. GROUT, JosiAH. See page 49. Governor 1896-98. GROUT, William W. Representative in Congress. See page 76. HALE, Jerome F., Wells River. Hotel keeper. Born Corinth, Dec. 11, 1855; son of Henry and Betsey (Wilson) Hale. Educated in the public schools of Corinth and Phillips School, Boston. In 1882 married Lillian J. Davenport of South Newbury ; they have three children, Adine D., Cedric D., and Kathleen. The first 13 years of his life were passed on a farm; at 15 he purchased a news and cigar stand at 27 Green street, Boston, Mass., continuing it nine years ; and for 33 years has been engaged in the hotel business with a merited reputation which places him near the head of entertainers of the traveling public; has presided over Hale's Tavern at Wells River for 17 years with remarkable success. A Republican; in re- ligious preference a Congregationalist. Member Pulaski Lodge, F. & A. M., Wells River; Mt. Lebanon R. A. Chapter of Bradford; Palestine Commandery, K. T., St. Johnsbury; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine, Montpelier; past grand Richford Lodge, I. O. O. F.; past chief patriarch of Trotter Encampment, Bradford; and member of the Grand Lodge and Grand Encampment of Vermont. HALE, Oren H., Barre. Hotel keeper, general auctioneer. Born Waterford, Jan. 19, 1848; son of Otis G. and Eunice P. (Hill) Hale. Educated in the public schools, St. Johnsbury Union School and Academy, and Methodist Seminary, New- bury. In 1872 married Mary A. East- brook of West Lebanon, N. H. Engaged in the dry and fancy goods business, St. Johnsbury, 1870-85; came to Barre 1885, and made 110 auction sales in 55 days, later going South; returned to Barre in 1887; bought the Ella I. Lamb property and erected a business block thereon; in 1900 built Hale's Pavilion and Hotel Otis, and conducts same, with auction rooms, at present time. Is a Republican; a Univer- salist. Meniber of Granite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M., of Barre. HALEY, James S., Montpelier. Granite manufacturer. Born Frankfort, Me., July 8, 1857; son of Patrick and Catherine (Connell) Haley. Educated at Frank- fort, Me., public schools. In 1890 mar- ried Nellie J. Glinney of Montpelier. Has been one of the firm of Dillon & Haley, manufacturers of granite monuments, since 1892; is second vice president Granite Manufacturers' Association. Is a Democrat; was alderman 1902-6; mayor of Montpelier 1906-8. Is a Roman Cath- olic. Past exalted ruler of the local lodge. Order of Elks; past grand knight Mont- pelier Council, Knights of Columbus; member of Montpelier Historical Society! HALL, Alfred A. Superior court judge. See page 90. £. _./ HALL] MEN OF VERMONT 209 HALL, Arthur Crawshay Alliston, Burlington. Bishop of Vermont. Born Binfield, Berkshire, England, April 12, 1847; son of Maj. William Thomas and Louisa Astley (Alliston) Hall. Christ Church, Oxford, B. A. 1869; M. A. 1872; Honorary D. D. 1893; University of Ver- mont LL. D. 1904; took orders in Church of England; licensed preacher in diocese of Oxford as member of Society of St. John the Evangelist (Cowley Fathers), 1870-73 and 1891-93; assistant minister Church of the Advent, Boston, 1874-82; priest-in-charge of St. John the Evangel- ist, Boston, 1883-91; consecrated Bishop of Vermont, Feb. 2, 1894. Author, Medi- tations on the Creed, 1876; Meditations on the Lord's Prayer, 1879; Self-Disci- pline, 1891; The Virgin Mother, 1894; Christ's Temptation and Ours, 1897; Con- firmation, 1900; The Use of Holy Scrip- ture in the Public Worship of the Church, 1903; The Christian Doctrine of Prayer, 1904; The Relations of Faith and Life, 1905; The Work of the Holy Spirit, 1907; The Forgiveness of Sins, 1908; The Unity of the Christian Church, 1911; Charges, The Church's Discipline Concerning Mar- riage and Divorce, 1896; Ecclesiastical Discipline, 1904; The Eucharist, 1907; The Apostolic Ministry, 1910, etc., etc. HALL, Bertrand Warner, Shoreham. Eetired farmer. Born Bridport, Sept. 21, 1863; son of George H. and Ellei^ (War- ner) Hall. Educated at Newton Academy, and Eastman Business College, Pough- keepsie, N. Y. In 1905 married Bessie Weeks Burleigh of Ticonderoga. Is a Republican; represented Shoreham in the Legislature 1904; has been justice of the peace 10 years. In religious belief a Con- gregationalist. Member of Simonds Lodge No. 59, F. & A. M., of Shoreham. HALL, Edward J., Bennington. Col- lections and real estate. Born July 13, 1866; son of John V. and Ellen E. (Ly- man) Hall. Educated at Bennington graded and high school; Phillips Acad- emy, Andover, and Columbia Law School, New York City. Was for many years in the fire insurance business under the name of John Hall & Son. Is a Republican; was county clerk Bennington County 1888- 94; chairman of the Independent party state committee 1906. A member of the Congregational Church. Member of Sons of the American Revolution; Bennington Battle Monument and Historical Society. Member of committee to raise funds for a memorial hall to the veterans of the war of 1861-5. HALL, George B., Roxbury. Town clerk and insurance agent. Born Rich- mond, June 24, 1844; son of Benjamin and Lovina Delight (Carroll) Hall. Edu- cated at public schools, Northfield High School, and Vermont Conference Semin- ary, Montpelier. In 1 877 married Evelyn S. Pearson of Roxbury; they have one son. Homer Perl. Mr. Hall has taught in the public schools; been pension attor- ney; clerked in a general store; and con- ducted a small insurance business. En- listed in Co. I, 9th Vermont Infantry, 1862; transferred to Co. B, 2nd Battalion, 17th U. S. Infantry, 1863; re-enlisted in 3rd Vermont Battery 1 863 ; was dis- charged 1865 at close of the war; was in the battles of Harper's Ferry 1862, Chan- cellorsville 1863, Petersburg Mine 1864, and Petersburg, March and April, 1865. Is a Republican; a member of the Re- publican county committee; was justice of the peace 1878-88; has held the office of town clerk from 1903 to present time. In religious belief is a Methodist. Member of Mad River Lodge No. 77, F. & A. M.; King Solomon Chapter No. 7, R. A. M.; Montpelier Council No. 4, R. & S. M.; Mount Zion Commandery No. 9, K. T.; Mount Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; Gamaliel Washburn Lodge of Perfection, 14 degrees; Mount Calvary Council, Princes of Jerusalem, 16 degrees; Delta Chapter of Rose Croix, 1 8 degrees ; Ver- mont Consistory, A. A. S. R., 32 degrees; Northfield Lodge, No. 19, L O. O. F.; past commander William H. Boynton post No. 94, G. A. R.; ex-delegate to National Encampment, aide-de-camp to commander- in-chief, and junior vice commander De- partment of Vermont. HALL, Joseph Lindley, Burlington. Insurance. Born Monkton, April 28, 1866; son of Rev. Joseph and Mary Hall. Educated at Burlington High School and University olf Vermont. In 1892 married Cora Mott Child of Washington, D. C; they have four children, Clara Elizabeth, Helen Mott, David Brewer, and William Mott. Was with Spaulding & Kimball Co., wholesale grocers, as clerk 1887-97, and has been general agent of the Con- 03 210 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [HALL necticut General Life Insurance Co. since 1897. Is a Republican. A Methodist, one of the board of stewards of the First Methodist Church, Burlington. A mem- ber of Washington Lodge, No. 3, F. & A. M.; Hamilton Lodge No. 14, I. O. O. F. ; and the Ethan Allen Club. HALL, Willis Palmer, Burlington. Druggist. Born Summerville, St. Law- rence County, N. Y., Feb. 5, 1857; son of Charles W. and Lucinda (Palmer) Hall. Educated at Harmon, N. Y., High School. In 1889 married Cora A. Folsom of Canton, N. Y. Began the study of pharmacy at the age of l6 with Dr. E. G. Seymour, at Hermon, N. Y., where he re- mained four years; was with L. F. Bach- man, Carthage, N. Y., two years, at Gou- verneur, N. Y., four years, and with Hig- gins, Greene & Hyde of Rutland, four years; in 1888 moved to Burlington; was with W. E. Greene until 1892, when in company with W. A. Lyman he opened the Crystal ■ Pharmacy, continuing until 1896, since which time has conducted the business alone. Is a Republican. Mem- ber of Ethan Allen Club; Burlington Lodge No. 100, F. & A. M. ; Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; Eagles; Champlain Lodge No. 7, Knights of Pyth- ias; and Knights of the Maccabees. HALLOCK, George H., Huntington. Farmer. Born Starksboro, Feb. 24, 1848; son of Ira and Eliza (Swain) Hallock. Educated in the public schools. In 1873 married Lucy C. Sweet of Huntington. Began life as a farmer, living in Starks- boro until the age of 26, when he moved to Huntington, where he has since resided and engaged in farming. Is a Republican; represented Huntington in the Legislature 1908; on the committees on insane and state and court expenses; has been sur- veyor, lister, selectman, and overseer of the poor. By religious preference a Free- will Baptist. HAM, Ernest Guy, Randolph. Edu- cator. Born Strafford, N. H., June 19, 1870; son of Edward Bartlett and Ara- mantha Ellen Ham. Educated at Parson- field Seminary, North Parsonfield, Me., graduated 1889; Dartmouth College, A. B. 1894; Harvard University; and Univer- sity of Chicago, A. M. 1907. In 1895 married Annie Lula Pease of South Par- sonfield, Me.; they have one daughter, Esther Louise. Teacher one year in un- graded schools; 1894-5 teacher of Greek and Latin, Collegiate School, New York City; 1895-6 principal Franklin, N. H., High School; 1896-8 post graduate stu- dent Harvard University, and instructor in Latin at Dartmouth College; 1898-1900 principal Vergennes High School; 1900-1 principal Montpelier High School; 1901-4 superintendent Montpelier and principal Montpelier High School; 1904 to date principal Randolph High School; student University of Chicago summer sessions 1905-7. Secretary Vermont State Teach- ers' Association, 1900-7; executive com- mittee same, 1908-9; president same, 1910. Principal Ham is independent in politics. Is a Congregationalist ; superintendent Sunday school of Bethany Church. Mem- ber Alpha Delta Phi fraternity; Dorches- ter Lodge No. 1, F. & A. M., of Vergennes. HAMBLIN, Ira Lucius, Cornwall. Farmer and Merino sheep breeder. Born Cornwall, November 24, 1854; son of Joseph B. and Susan W. (Good- rich) Hamblin. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Cornwall, and Vergennes and Middlebury high schools. In 1876 married Julia M. Cross of Bridport; they have two daughters, Gladys Ella and Sylvia Bacon. In 1876 became asso- ciated with his father in farming and Merino sheep breeding, selling their prod- ucts in South Africa, South America, and Australia; is at present engaged in the sheep industry; has been one of Vermont's most prominent Merino sheep breeders; holds 2nd prize at Chicago world's fair, the only Vermonter who received a prize on both sheep and wool. Is a Republican; has held nearly all the town offices ; town moderator for many years ; represented Cornwall in the Legislature 1906. A Con- gregationalist; trustee for many years, and superintendent of the Sunday school. Member of the Grange; ex-president of Vermont Sheep Breeders' Association; at present member of combined Vermont, New York, and Ohio Sheep Breeders' As- sociation. HAMBLIN, James Richard, Granville. Homeopathic physician. Born Elbridge, N. Y., March 16, 1844; son of Rev. Lem- uel W. and Jennette E. (Clemmons) Ham- HAMMOND] MEN OF VERMONT 211 blin. Educated in the public schools, and attended lectures in Geneva (N. Y.) Med- ical College. In 1873 married Mary J. LaFrancies of Ripton ; they had three sons, Lemuel N. (deceased), George E., and James E. (deceased). Enlisted at the age of 17 as private in Co. B, 50th N. Y. Volunteer Engineers, July 10, 1861; was corporal of the company when discharged June 20, 1 865 ; was in 23 engagements. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Presbyterian. A member of the G. A. R. HAMILTON, Edgar Gordon, Burling- ton. Manufacturer. Born Yarmouth, Me., March 23, 1865; son of Wendell M. and Hannah H. Hamilton. Educated at Yar- mouth (Me.) Academy. In 1890 married Ruey J. Pittsley of East Freetown, Mass., who died in 1901 ; they had three children, Ethel Mae, Roy Gordon, and Gladys Vio- la. Rolling pasteboard, night work, 1877- 81; at the age of 16 entered employ of Old Colony Railroad, first in foundry breaking pig iron at $3 per week, and following on through the various depart- ments until the machinist's trade was learned in all its branches of locomotive building; then going on road for nine years as locomotive engineer. Came to Vermont 1 902 ; assisted in installing en- gines in the steamer Vermont; construc- tion manager Yale Wonder Clock Co., Bur- lington, 1904-6; formed National Paper Box and Tube Co., Burlington, and its general manager since its organization Aug. 13, 1908. A Republican; a Meth- odist; trustee of church two years; past grand Hamilton Lodge No. 14, I. O. O. F.; past captain Patriarchs Militant; member Champlain Lodge No. 7, Knights of Pythias ; the Order of Maccabees, and New England Order of Protection. HAMILTON, Fremont, Brattleboro. Physician and surgeon. Born Brandon, Oct. 10, 1857; son of Henry Warren and Eliza (Graves) Hamilton. Educated at Brandon graded school; Middlebury Col- lege, A. B. 1878; University of Vermont Medical College; and New York Homeo- pathic Medical College, class of 1882. In 1884 married Carrie Lizzie Buttolph of Middlebury; they have, one son, John Warren, a student at Bowdoin College. Has practiced medicine in several places, for the last 18 years at Brattleboro. Is president of Vermont Homeopathic Soci- ety, and member of Vermont State Medi- cal Society. Independent in politics. Mem- ber of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M. ; Knights Templar, and the Grange. HAMILTON, James M., Rutland. Phy- sician and surgeon. Born Richford, June 19, 1868; son of Dr. Jamin H. and Ellen M. (Goff) Hamilton. Educated at Rich- ford and St. Albans High Schools, aca- demic and medical departments of Uni- versity of Vermont, and College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, Md. In 1893 married Effie Ruth Mills of Rich- ford; they have one daughter, Ramona Hamilton. Member of attending staff of Rutland Hospital; consulting staff of Proctor Hospital, and district surgeon for Rutland Railroad.. Captain and assistant surgeon, and later major and surgeon of 1st Infantry Vermont Volunteers in war with Spain; assistant surgeon 1st Infantry Vermont National Guard before Spanish War. A Republican. Member of Protest- ant Episcopal Church. Member of Rut- land Medical and Surgical Reporting Club; ex-president Rutland County Medi- cal and Surgical Society; member of Ver- mont State Medical Society; American Medical Association; New York and New England Association of Railway Surgeons, and fellow of American Academy of Medi- HAMMOND, Fred Burton, No. Troy. Merchant and postmaster. Born Derby, Oct. 12, 1859; son of Oscar and Martha (Cole) Hammond. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Derby and Newport. In 1884 married Frances M. Chandler of North Troy; they have three children, Arline More, Rachel Frances, and Cath- erine Martha. Served clerkship with Bos- ton Clothing Co., North Troy; its man- ager 1881-4; bought half interest in Hi- ram K. Stewart's store in Troy 1884, dis- solving partnership 1885; erected new store in Troy, conducting same until 1901, then selling to W. D. Miller and return- ing to North Troy, where he is now in business. Is a Republican; town clerk 1 893-1911; town school director nine years; director North Troy High School; represented Troy as a Democrat in Leg- islature 1891-2; appointed postmaster Troy by President Cleveland in 1885, and again in Cleveland's second term; ap- pointed postmaster for the third time by 212 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [HANNON President Taft in 1911. Is a Congrega- tionalist, and church- chorister. Past mas- ter Masonic Union Lodge No. 16, F. & A. M. ; member Cleveland Chapter No. 20, R. A. M.; Malta Commandery No. 10, K. T., of Newport; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; deputy grand master 10th masonic district 1890-91; also member of Knights of Pythias. HANNON, Thomas, Bennington. Su- perintendent of Vermont Soldiers' Home. Born Danville, Nov. 17, 1843; son of James and Mary (Hayes) Hannon. Edu- cated in the public schools of Guilford. In I869 married Ellen M. Weatherhead of Guilford; they have two children, Ben- jamin J. and Martha G. (Mrs. Edward Whitney). Went to Brattleboro in 1870, and was in the employ of the Estey Organ Co. as foreman of one of the departments for 31 years. Aug. 1, 1901, elected by the board of trustees, Vermont Soldiers' Home, general superintendent of that in- stitution, which position he now holds. In 1861 joined a volunteer company in Guil- ford ; enlisted in Co. K, 9th Vermont Regi- ment, June, 1862; mustered out June, 1865, as orderly sergeant; participated in all the battles the regiment was in; served as second and first lieutenant; in 1874. the Fuller Light Battery was organized, of which he was one of the original mem- bers; commissioned by Gov. Levi K. Ful- ler Dec. 7, 1892, as lieutenant-colonel of the first brigade, V. N. G., with rank of assistant quartermaster-general, which po- sition he held until the brigade was dis- banded by special act of the state Legis- lature December, 19OO. Is a Republican; bailiff of the village of Brattleboro; also constable of the town for a number of years. Member of the Universalist Church, Brattleboro; trustee of the church for a number of years. Member of Mt. An- thony Lodge No. 13, F. & A. M.; Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M. ; Beau- seant Commandery No. 7, K. T.; Cairo Temple; Wantastiquet Lodge No. 5, I. O. O. F.; the Bennington Club; G. A. Custer 6th Corps Post, G. A. R. ; has held the position of assistant quartermaster-general and senior vice-commander of the depart- ment of Vermont, G. A. R. HANSCOM, Willis G., SheflSeld. Gen- eral auctioneer. Born Barnston, P. Q., March 3, 1847; son of Elias Bean and Rosella (Danforth) Hanscom. Educated in the public schools of Sheffield and Wheelock. In 1866 married Eliza A. Bar- ber of Wheelock; they had five children, Ida M. (deceased), Nellie E. (deceased), George R., Beulah E. (Mrs. Roberts), and Homer H. After the close of the war engaged in farming for 33 years; in 1875 began a successful career as an auctioneer; in 1898 sold his farm and removed to Sheffield village; is local manager of the Greensboro & Glover Telephone Co. En- listed June 24, 1864, at the age of 17, iu the 1 1th Regiment Vermont Volun- teers; was in the Shenandoah Valley cam- paign, in the battles of Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, and many other engage- ments; was in the armv until the close of the war. Is a Republican. Member of the Methodist Church; was steward for 20 years; superintendent of the Sunday school 1 895-9. Member of the Grand Army of the Republic; commander for several years. HARMAN, Henry A., Rutland. Law- yer and county clerk. Born Pawlet, May 6, 1845; son of George Washington and Laura Ann (Penfield) Harman. Edu- cated at Bennington public schools; Burr and Burton Seminary; Schenectady Union School; Williams CoUege, A. B. 1867; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and Harvard University, LL. B. 1871. In 1876 married Ellen Melissa Bromley of Castleton, who died in 1893; they had six children, Laura L., Paul Bromley, Walter Penfield, F. L. Stetson, Richard Jerome, and George Nathaniel; in 1896 married Jean Florence Woodward of Lowell, Mass. ; admitted to Massachusetts Bar 1871 ; to Vermont Bar the same year; has since practiced law in Bennington and Rutland ; is county clerk of Rutland Coun- ty. Is a Republican. A Congregational- ist, being a deacon in the Congregational Church, Rutland. HARRINGTON, John Andrew, Ver- gennes. Hardware merchant. Born Wey- bridge, Oct. 5, I86I; son of George L. and Emma E. (Washburne) Harrington. Educated in the public schools. In 1892 married Anna M. Botsford of Vergennes; she died there in 1912; they had two children, Ruth Botsford and Robert Earl. Was clerk for Farnsworth & Co., hard- ware dealers, Middlebury, 1882-3; in 1883 HARRIS) MEN OF VERMONT 213 entered the employ of C. A. Booth & Son, hardware dealers, Vergennes; in 1892 purchased a third interest in the business, the firm name becoming C. A. Booth, Son & Co. ; purchased part interest in share of C. A. Booth at his death in 1897; and in 1908 bought out the entire business, which he now conducts under the name of J. A. Harrington & Co. Is a Repub- lican; was city treasurer from 1898 to 1911, 13 years, when he declined a re- appointment; chairman of the board of license commissioners for the past three years; has been delegate to different Re- publican conventions; an alderman in the city of Vergennes ; was secretary of the Vergennes Lake Champlain Tercentenary organization; is secretary of the Ver- gennes Board of Trade; and one of the trustees of the Bixby Memorial Free Li- brary. Member of St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church, and has been a mem- ber of the vestry for several years. Is a past master of Dorchester Lodge No. 1, the oldest Masonic lodge in the state, char- tered in 1791 ; past high priest of Jeru- salem Chapter No. 2, R. A. M., the oldest chapter of Royal Arch Masons in the state; and past thrice illustrious master of Vergennes Council No. 2, R. & S. M., which is also the oldest council of Royal and Select Masters in Vermont; is a mem- ber of Mt. Calvary Commandery No. 1, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; and a 32 degree Scottish Rite Ma- HARRIS, Emory S., Bennington. In- surance. Born Hoosick, N. Y., March 24, 1858; son of E. Stearns and Elizabeth B. (Rudd) Harris. Educated North Ben- nington High School, and Troy Business College. In 1881 married Addie M. War- ren of Bennington. Has engaged in farm- ing, undertaking, and furniture business; as cigar manufacturer, and insurance agent. A Democrat; selectman for five years; president of Bennington village; U. S. marshal of Vermont 1894-8; repre- sented Bennington in the Legislature 1898; chairman Democratic state commit- tee for many years. Member Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Benevolent Protective Order of Elks; secretary of Bennington Board of Trade, and the Ben- nington County Fish and Game Club. HARRIS, John Edward, Danville. Journalist. Born Cabot, July 27, 1858; son of Erasmus B. and Caroline (Brown) Harris. Educated at common schools and academy. Three times married: to Carrie Brown, of Burlington; Addie Soule, of Portland, Me. ; Eva Cobb, of Atlanta, Ga. There were three children by first wife, of whom only one is now living, Mrs. Frances Pache of Danville; one child by present wife, John Carroll Harris, born in Washington, D. C, Jan. 12, 191O. Eva Cobb Harris is a daughter of Richard V. Cobb of Atlanta, Ga., late a colonel in the Confederate service, and on her moth- er's side is a great-great niece of Bettie Lewis, only sister of George Washington. The subject of this sketch read law and was admitted to the county and supreme court bars of Vermont in September, 1879, at Montpelier; practiced for two years at Danville; purchased the weekly Index, now the Republican, at St. Johnsbury; since then and up. to present time has been constantly connected with various Vermont newspapers ; founded the Gazette at Hardwick, and the Messenger at Mor- risville, and has been connected with vari- ous others. Was legislative editor of the Montpelier Daily Journal for several ses- sions; is Washington correspondent for several Vermont daily and weekly papers during the sessions of Congress, and has been for ten years ; at present member of the editorial staff of the Worcester (Mass.) Evening Post. A Republican; secretary to the late United States Senator Jona- than Ross during his term of office; is now, and has been for 15 years, an em- ployee of the United States Senate. Dur- ing the summer of I9IO traveled through Europe from Constantinople to Paris as special inspector of immigration under au- thority of the American Immigration Com- mission. Member .of American and Euro- pean sections of the Theosophical Soci- ety, and an Odd Fellow. HARRIS, Lucius L., Stowe. Farming and insurance. Born Elmore, Aug. 26, I860; son of George A. and Catherine R. Harris. Educated at Stowe graded schools. In 1886 married Annie L. Wilkins of Stowe; they have two daughters, Angie and Dorothy. A Republican; represented Stowe in the Legislature I906; lister for 214 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [HARRIS JO years; school director four years; has been overseer of the poor since 1899- A Unitarian. Member of the Modern Wood- men of America. HARRIS, William James, Nashua, N. H. Retired clergyman. Born West Brat- tleboro, May 21, 1834; son of Rev. Ros- well and Matilda (Leavett) Harris. Edu- cated at Brattleboro Academy, and Yale College; honorary degree of T). D. from Trinity College, Hartford, Conn., 1872. In 1859 married Mary Gale Hill of St. Stephen, N. B. ; they had two children, Emma (Mrs. Wm. M. Hall, Montreal), and William Leavett, LL. B. (deceased). Taught district and select schools in Ver- mont, boarding school in New Haven, Conn., and academies at St. Stephen, N. B., and Monson, Mass. ; president school board, Rutland, three years; officiated as Congregational minister eight and one- half years, 1856-65, his last parishes be- ing at Saxttons River, and Brandon. He then entered the Protestant Episcopal Church, and was confirmed and ordained by Bishop Eastburn in Emanuel Church, Boston. Has served parishes in Philadel- phia, Boston, Waltham, and Hyde Park, Mass.; Manchester, N. H. ; White River Junction, Barre, Montpelier, and Rutland, Vt. ; Detroit, Mich. ; Yankton ' and Sioux Falls, S. D. He has held every diocesan office in the gift of the church except that of bishop. For thirteen and one-half years edited and published from Rutland a church paper under the name of "The Mountain Echo"; also published "The Bible and the Church," and "Nain," a ser- mon in metre, which have been widely cir- culated in pamphlet form. A Knights Templar, a 32 degree Mason, and mem- ber of the Eastern Star. Former member Vermont Association of Boston, at pres- ent member Vermont Association of Nash- ua. At his 73rd birthday anniversary was obliged by failing eyesight to retire from all active work, and since the spring of 1911 has beien totally blind. HARTNESS, James, Springfield. Man- ufacturer. Born Schenectady, N. Y., Sept. 3, I86I ; son of John W. and Ursilla (Jackson) Hartness. Educated at pub- lic schools, Cleveland, O., honorary de- gree of M. E. 1910, University of Ver- mont. In 1885 married Lena S. Pond of Winsted, Conn.; they have two daughters. Anna J. and Helen E. Is president of the Jones & Lamson Machine Co., and of the Bryant Chucking Grinder Co. Life member of American Society of Mechani- cal Engineers; member of Council of American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1909-12; life member of Institution of Mechanical Engineers (British) ; fel- low of American Society for the Ad- vancement of Science; member of Ameri- can Institution for Scientific Research. Inventor of astronomical apparatus, metal working machines, etc.; has taken out 73 American patents. Author of "Ma- chine Building for Profit." A mem- ber of Engineers' Club; Transportation Club; Machinery Club of New York; New York Railway Club; New Bedford Yacht Club ; and Boston Chamber of Com- HARTY, Patrick, Saxtons River. Wool business. Born Cork, Ireland, Dec. 22, 1846; son of Cornelius and Margaret (Savage) Harty. Educated in Irish schools. In 1866 married Bridget Mc- Namarra of Walpole, N. H. ; they had five children, John (deceased), Mary (Mrs. Francis Reynolds), Michael P., Ed- ward C, and Patrick H. In 1866 em- ployed by L. C. Hubbard in wool pulling; later with Barry & Scofield ; and still later started a similar business for John Glavin at Albany, N. Y. ; in 1 894 started in wool pulling business for himself. At present associated with his son, Patrick H. Harty, in wool and live stock business. A Demo- crat; a prominent member of St. Charles' Roman Catholic Church. Edward C. Har- ty was with the firm until three years ago ; now a buyer for S. A. Maxfield Wool Pul- ling Co., Bangor, Me. HARVEY, Erwin Maurice, Montpel- ier. Lawyer. Born Topsham, Oct. 12, 1871; son of R. M. and Cora (Bill) Har- vey. Educated at Montpelier Seminary and University of Vermont. In 1902 married Clara A. Mayo of Colchester ; they have one daughter, Dorothy Mayo. Ad- mitted to the Vermont Bar 1899; clerk of Vermont Board of Railroad Commis- sioners 1900-2; judge of Montpelier city court since 1904. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Congregationalist. HARVEY, George, New York, N. Y. Editor and publisher. Born Peacham, HASSETT] MEN OF VERMONT 215 Vt.^ Feb. 16, 1864; son of Duncan and Margaret S. (Varnum) Harvey. Edu- cated at Peacham Academy; honorary de- gree LL. D. Erskine College 1904, Uni- versity of Nevada 1907, University of Vermont, 1911. In 1887 married Alma A. Parker of Peacham; they have one daughter, Dorothy. Was consecutively reporter Springfield Republican, Chicago News, and Neve York World; managing editor New York World; insurance com- missioner New Jersey 1888; colonel and aide-de-camp to Governors Green and Ab- bett. New Jersey; and honorary colonel under Governors Hayward and Ansel, South Carolina; constructor and president various electric railroads; editor Harper's ■Weekly many years; bought North Ameri- can Review 1899; president Harper & Bros. 1900. Is an Independent Demo- crat; an Episcopalian. Residence, Deal, N. J. ; office, Franklin Square, New York City. HARVEY, RoNEY M., Montpeher. Lawyer. Born Topsham, May 20, 1843; son of John and Margaret (Hight) Har- vey. Educated in the public schools, Newbury Seminary, Peacham Academy, and select schools at Topsham. In 1870 married Cora I. Bill; they had three chil- dren, Erwin M., Laila J. (deceased), and John N. Resided in Topsham until 1896; since then in Montpelier; has practiced law since 1878. Is a Republican; rep- resented Topsham in the Legislature 1880 and 1886; represented" Orange County in Senate in 1890; was states attorney 1878; held various town offices; was state super- visor of insane 1880 to 1882. HASELTINE, Erwin Amos, Bristol. Farmer, judge of probate. Born Bristol, April SO, 18S8; son of Amos E. and Lu- cinda (Brooks) Haseltine. Educated at Bristol Academy, and Middlebury College, A. B. 1862. In 1863 married Helen L. Parch of Bristol, who died 1872; they had one child, George L.; in 1877 married Jennie C. Searles of Berkshire, who died 1888; they had two children, Howard S. and Hermon E.; in 1897 married Lottie A. Sheldon of Bristol; they have no chil- dren. Engaged in farming previous to 1900. Is a Republican; represented Bris- tol in the Legislature 1884; judge of pro- bate since 1900. A deacon in the Congre- gational Church ; past master Libanus Lodge No. 47, F. & A. M., of Bristol; past high priest Gifford Chapter, R. A. M.; member Mt. Calvary Commandery, K. T. ; and of Bristol Grange. HASELTON, Seneca. Superior court judge. See page 89- HASKINS, Augustus Smith, St. Johnsbury. Optometrist. Born Wilsey- ville, N. Y., June 9, 1872; son of Har- rison David and Nancy L. Haskins. Ed- ucated at public schools of Ithaca, N. Y. ; one year special preparation for profes- sion at Cornell; 1889-90 took optometrical training in Philadelphia and Chicago. Be- gan optical and jewelry business with Geo. E. Sherwood, Waterloo, N. Y., in 1891; graduated from Kansas Optometri- cal College in June, I896. July 27, 1897, married Alice C. Reed of Booneville, N. Y. ; they have four children, Marion Har- rison, Mildred Reed, Alice Carrie, and Harlon David. May, 1898, took charge of the optometrical department for Wheel- house Co., Utica, N. Y. ; in 1900 went to St. Johnsbury and purchased jewelry and optical business of H. A. Belknap estate, continuing until 1904, selling jewelry stock to Lurchin & Lurchin, since conduct- ing a strictly optometrical practice; 1904 took post-graduate, course at Chicago Eye, Nose and Throat College on anatomy, physiology and pathology of the eye, and graduated July, 1905. Secretary Vermont state board of examiners in optometry, 1909 to date. A Republican; a Congre- gationalist. Charter member Utica (N. Y.) Optometrical Society; honorary mem- ber New York State Optometrical Soci- ety; charter member Vermont State Opti- cal Society; member Physiological Section of the American Optical Association ; char- ter member American Optical Association, and its treasurer since 1909. HASKINS, KiTTREDGE. Representa- tive in Congress. See page 77. HASSETT, William D., Washington, D. C. Newspaper man. Born Northfield, August 28, 1880; son of David and Mary A. (Burke) Hassett. Graduated from Northfield High School, and for two years was student in collegiate department of Clark University, Worcester, Mass. Mr. Hassett is unmarried. Began newspaper work in Vermont; later joined the staff 216 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEEMONT BIOGRAPHY [HATCH of the Washington Herald; for a year and a half with the Washington Post; is now connected with the Capital staff of The Associated Press. Communicant of the Catholic church. Member of National Press Club. Address, National Press Club, Washington, D. C. HATCH, Ernest A., Randolph. Mer- chant. Born Manchester, N. H., May 8, 1877; son of Henry J. and Emma E. (Van Delinder) Hatch. Educated in the Grammar and High Schools, Manchester, N. H. In 1900 married Edith J. Howe of Manchester, N. H. ; they have one son, George Darrah. Was employed eight years in the stores of Jonathan Pollard and the James W. Hill Co., dry goods merchants, Manchester, N. H. In 1902 came to Randolph and entered the employ of W. F. Edson, after his death taking charge of his grain and feed business. Since 1908 has conducted a department store with C. J. Stockwell under the firm name of Stockwell & Hatch. Is an at- tendant of the Methodist Church. HATCH, Isaac W., Queen City Park. Business man. Born Panton, Aug. 25, 1838; son of Warren E. and Phebe C. Hatch. Educated in the district schools, James Tenbroeke's select school, and Ver- gennes High School. In 1864 married Ann E. Matthews of Panton, who died Dec. 20, 1884; they had seven children, Nellie G. (Mrs. A. E. Barnard, died Dec. 1, 1906), Cora L. (Mrs. Wm. Parfitt), Warren M., Mary I. (Mrs. H. S. Var- ney), Charles Gilbert, Smith B. (died Jan. 7, 1898), and Candace P. (Mrs. H. W. Clement); in 1891 married Mrs. Phebe H. Batchelder of Lincoln. Followed farm- ing until I86I, when he enlisted at Ver- gennes as private in Co. K, 2nd Regiment Vermont Volunteers, serving in the same company until Aug. 29, 1864; besides nu- merous skirmishes participated in the bat- tles of first Bull Run, Va., Aug. 21, I86I; Lee's Mills, Va., April 16, 1862; Wil- liamsburg, Va., May 5, 1 862 ; Seven Days' Battle, Va., June 25-30, 1862; South Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, 1862; Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862; second BuU Run, Va., Sept. 25, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862; ChancellorsviHe, Va., May 1-4, 1863; Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3, 1 863 ; Rappahannock Station, Va., Nov. 7, 1863; the Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864, where he received an ugly shell wound in the left side; discharged Aug. 29, 1864. Returned to Lincoln and took up farming and lumbering for 16 years; held various town offices; postmaster four years; audi- tor, three years; selectman four years; road commissioner four years; removed to Queen City Park, where he was proprie- tor of the hotel and postmaster six years; now engaged in real estate business. A Democrat. In religious convictions a Spir- itualist. HATCH, William Moore, Arlington, Mass. Publisher. Born Strafford, April 28, 1864; son of Henry Chandler and Mary Anna (Moore) Hatch. Graduated from Kimball Union Academy 1882; A. B. Dartmouth College 1886; LL. B. Colum- bian University 1889; LL. M. 1890. In 1891 married Mary P. J. Sampson of Washington, D. C; they have two daugh- ters, Eleanor Sampson. and Beatrice Lou- ise. Clerk in father's general store, Straf- ford, 1886; clerk in postoffice department, Washington, D. C, 1886-9; clerk Inter- state Commerce Commission 1889-96; as- sistant examiner U. S. Patent Office 1896- 8; U. S. Chinese inspector, Boston and New York, 1898-1902; with Silver, Bur- dett & Co., publishers, 1902-3; New Eng- land manager D. Appleton & Co., 1903-5; same for Silver, Burdett & Co. since 1905; member of latter firm since 191O. A Re- publican; represented Strafford in the Vermont Legislature I906; aide-de-camp with rank of colonel on staff of Governor George H. Prouty, 1908-10. A Congre- gationalist. Member Temple Lodge No. 54, F. & A. M., of Strafford; Mt. Lebanon Chapter of Bradford; Vermont Command- ery No. 4, K. T., Windsor; Scottish Rite Bodies of Vermont, 32 degrees, Burling- ton; University Club, Boston; Dartmouth Club, Boston, and president 1 91 0-11. Of- fice, 221 Columbus Avenue, Boston; resi- dence, 16 Pelham Terrace, Arlington, Mass. HATHAWAY, Lewis J., Montpelier. Musician. Born Montpelier, Jan. 11, 1872; son of Charles and Lucy E. (Hib- bard) Hathaway. Educated at Montpel- ier High School, Montpelier Seminary, and New England Conservatory of Music, Boston, class of 1898. In 191O married Grace L. Tupper of Bethel. Since 1899 has been director of music department at HAWLEY] MEN OF VERMONT 217 Montpelier Seminary, organist and choir director at Church of the Messiah. In I9O8 was given a year's leave of absence, which was spent in study with well known German masters in Berlin, Germany. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Uni- tarian. HAWKINS, Eugene William Jerome, Burlington. Lawyer. Born Starksboro, July 28, 1851; son of Ansil Madison and Sarah Jane (Mead) Hawkins. Educated in public and select schools of his native town. In 1873 married Jennie Mary Carl of Starksboro, who died 191 1; they had two daughters, Anna Carl (Mrs. Al- bert Chapman Smith, Leominster, Mass.), and Jessie Madaline (Mrs. Chas. A. Niles, Burlington). Taught school in Starks- boro, and worked in a dry goods store in Rutland 1868-70; read law in his father's office, and admitted to supreme and county courts at Middlebury 1873; was associated with father in the practice of law at Starksboro 1873-8; states attorney Ad- dison County 1882-6; engrossing clerk of Vermont Legislature from and including 1878 to 1886, and 1892; located in Bur- lington January, 1891, and from that time to April, I894, was assistant to Hon. C. W. Brownell, then secretary of state and insurance commissioner. Assisted in the organization of the Burlington Mutual Fire Insurance Co., June, 1907, and from that time has been its secretary and a di- rector. Was secretary of the Champlain Valley Fair Association 1891-1900; helped in the organization of the Vermont and Northern New York trotting and pacing circuit, which included six fair associa- tions, and was secretary and treasurer of the Circuit Association 1895-1900. A Re- publican; in 1894 appointed clerk of the city court of Burlington by the late Judge J. W. Russell, holding the office until March, 1900; appointed city judge by Gov. E. C. Smith, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Judge Russell; re- appointed by Governor Stickney and Gov- ernor McCuUough; held the office until April, 1905; trustee of the Home Savings Bank of Burlington since 1907; chairman of the board of license commissioners for Burlington 1905-6; alderman for the term beginning April 1, 19II; justice of the peace in 1891 and received successive re- elections until 1900, and re-elected again in 1910 for two years. Member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, has filled the principal chairs in subordinate Lodge, Encampment, and Patriarchs Mili- tant; was district deputy grand master 1898-9. HAWLEY, DoNLY Curtis, Burlington. Physician and surgeon. Born Fletcher, Oct. 31, 1855; son of Curtis F. and Louise Ann (Boynton) Hawley. Graduate New Hampton Institution, Fairfax, 1873; Barre Academy 1874; University of Ver- mont, degree of B. A., 1878; med- ical department University of Vermont, degree of M. D., 1884, valedictorian of class of 101 graduates. In 1878 mar- ried Jessie Roberts Hill of Burlington; they have two daughters, Bessie (Mrs. Charles R. Wilder of Boston) and May H. (Mrs. James S. Bixby of Poughkeep- sie, N. Y.) From 1878-82 was in mer- cantile business with his father; began professional career at Brattleboro, taking for a time the practice of Drs. Holton and Conland, later settling in Burlington, where he has since remained, devoting at- tention particularly to surgery and proctol- ogy, with much time to hospital and in- stitutional work; attending surgeon at Mary Fletcher Hospital, 1887-1908; at- tending and, later, consulting surgeon Fanny Allen Hospital from its organiza- tion to 1909; now attending proctologist to both of these hospitals; delegate from Vermont State Medical Society to meet- ing of British Medical Association in 1877; first delegate from same society to American Medical Association after its re- organization, being member of the House of Delegates at Saratoga meeting in 1902; member of American Medical Association; the American Academy of Medicine, be- fore which society, as its president, he delivered an address on "Heredity and Environment as Causes of Delinquency and Crime," at Boston I9O6; member of the American Proctologic Society; the American Association for the Study and Prevention of Infant Mortality ; the Amer- ican Public Health Association; secretary of the Vermont State Medical Society 1887-1902; its president 1906; president Burlington and Chittenden County Clini- cal Society 1 894-5 ; first president Ver- mont Society for the Study and Preven- tion of Tuberculosis; member of Vermont state tuberculosis commission 1907-8, by appointment of Governor Proctor; and at 218 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [HAZEN present member of board of registration of nurses, by appointment of Governor Mead. Dr. Hawley has been a prolific writer on medical topics, and has read many valuable papers before the numerous societies of which he is a member. Among his contributions may be mentioned "Heart Sounds and Cardiac Murmurs," 1892; "Surgical Treatment of Hemorrhoids," 1893; "The Radical Cure of Hydrocele," 1895; "Thoughts on General and Cardiac Therapy," 1896; "Osteosarcoma of Femur — Wyeth's Bloodless Amputation at Hip Joint, with Recovery," 1896; "Diseases of the Rectum," 1897; "The Surgical Cure of Hydrocele," 1899; "Inflammation and Ulceration of the Sigmoid Flexure," 190t^^< tj^ HULBURD] MEN OF VERMONT 231 ^linneapolisj Minn.; in November of the same year returned East and entered the office of Oscar Ray, Lancaster, N. H. ; in 1892 went to Montpelier and became a member of the law firm of Dillingham, Huse & Rowland, continuing until the death of Mr. Huse in September, 1902, when the firm was dissolved; in the early part of 1903 he gave up the general prac- tice of law to become counsel of the Na- tional Life Insurance Co., and in 1909 was made vice-president of that company, which position he now holds. A Republi- can; secretary of civil and military affairs 1888-90; clerk of the House of Represen- tatives 1896-8, and states attorney Wash- ington County during the same period; secretary of state 1898-1902; member of state board of library commissioners 1894- 1902; in 1910 chairman of the commis- sion appointed to submit a revision of the banking laws of the state. HUBBARD, George A., Guildhall. County clerk. Born Guildhall, Sept. 10, 1850; son of John and Susan (Massure) Hubbard. Educated in the public schools of Guildhall and Lunenburg, and Essex County Grammar School. In 1871 mar- ried Ida Manning of Guildhall; they have one daughter, Addie M., and an adopted daughter, Ethel May Kane. In 1869 purchased a farm in Guildhall which he carried on until October, 1892, when he received the appointment of county clerk, which office he holds to the present time. Is a Republican; has held various town offices. In religious belief a Methodist. Member and treasurer of Benton Lodge No. 88, F. & A. M.; and member of the Grange. HUBBARD, Herbert James, Lyndon- ville. Ticket agent. Born Lyndon, Oct. 16, 1870; son of Charles K. and Nancy E. (Dickerman) Hubbard. Educated at Lyndon Institute, Lyndon Center. In 1909 married Minnie Brown Wilmot of Lyndonville. Was postmaster and con- ducted a general store at Lyndon Center 1897-1902. Since 1903 in employ of Boston & Maine R. B. at division offices at Lyndonville as clerk, assistant ticket agent, and ticket agent since 1909; elect- ed electric light commissioner 19IO for three years. Is a Republican. An at- tendant of the Congregational Church. :Member of Lyndon Club of Lyndonville. HUBBARD, Walter E., Brattleboro. Editor and publisher. Born Guilford, June 6, 1867; son of John E. and Mary L. (Smith) Hubbard. Graduate from Brattleboro High School 1885. In 1889 married Linna A. Thwing of Putney ; they have one daughter, Dorothy L. Learned printer's trade in office of the Vermont Phoenix; local editor of that paper 1888- 95; managing editor 1895-1910; editor, publisher, and proprietor since March 1, 1910. Is a Republican; has taken an active part in the affairs of the Republi- can party; has been secretary of county, congressional district, and state conven- tions. In religious belief a Universalist. A member of Columbian Lodge No. 36, F. & A. M. ; Fort Dummer Royal Arch Chapter; Connecticut Valley Council; Beauseant Commandery, Knights Tem- plar; Windsor Lodge of Perfection, An- cient Accepted Scottish Rite; Mt. Sinai Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine; Vermont Wheel Club; Brattleboro Board of Trade; past master Columbian Lodge, and past prelate Beauseant Commandery. HULBURD, Roger W., Hyde Park. Lawyer. Born Waterville, Oct. 22, 1856; son of Benjamin F. and Juliana M. (Mil- ler) Hulburd. Educated at People's Acad- emy, Morrisville; University of Vermont, and Albany Law School. In 1884 mar- ried Mabel J. Noyes of Hyde Park; they have four children, Agnes D., Marjorie J., Emily G., and Benjamin N. Principal of Lamoille Central Academy, Hyde Park, 1882-6; admitted to Vermont Bar 1887, and began practice of law at Hyde Park, continuing to date; trustee of Lamoille County Savings Bank & Trust Co. for past 10 years; president of Hyde Park Warehouse Co. for same time. A Repub- lican; postmaster Hyde Park during Har- rison's administration; states attorney for Lamoille County 1 894-6 ; senator from La- moille County 1896; represented Hyde Park in the Legislature 1 906-8; chairman of board of trustees of Vermont Indus- trial School 1896-1 906; member of penal board 1906-10; delegate to Republican na- tional convention, Chicago, I9O8. An at- tendant of the Congregational Church. Member of Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M.; Lamoille Commandery; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; Bliss Lodge No. 44, I. O. O. F., and Algonquin Club of Burlington. 232 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEEMONTj : BIOGRAPHY [HUMPHREY HUMPHREY, Charles Whitlock, Poultney. Editor. Born Poultney, Jan. 1, 1870; son of Robert J. and Cordelia (Drake) Humphrey. Educated in the public schools. In 1895 married Jennie M. Edwards of Poultney; they have two daughters, Frances Millicent and Louise Edwards. Clerk in post-office 1885-89; assistant postmaster from 1893 for two years, retiring because of illness; in the drug business from 1897-1901, disposing of the same and purchasing the Poultney Journal in February, 1902, following the death of his father, who established the Journal in 1873. A Republican; member of Republican town committee for several years. An Episcopalian; vestryman for 10 years; secretary of the vestry, and clerk of the parish for six years; choir- master most of the time since 1893. Is one of the leading musicians of the sec- tion, having great success in quartet and chorus work. Member of Morning Star Lodge No. 37, F. & A. M. ; Poultney Chap- ter No. 10, R. A. M. ; Poultney Grange No. 289; organist in the two former for ten years; musical director in Grange sev- eral years. HUNT, George L., Island Pond. Law- yer. Born Moosup, Conn., July 23, 1878; son of Rev. George W. and Sarah A. (Crawford) Hunt. Educated in the pub- lic schools, Brockton High School, Brock- ton, Mass., and Brown University, class of 1900. In 1903 married Mabel A. Ford of Mclndoe Falls; they have one daugh- ter, Eleanor C. Deputy clerk, Caledonia County Court, St. Johnsbury, 1900-3; admitted to Vermont Bar, 1903; began practice at Enosburg Falls; 1904-5 as- sistant secretary of state at Montpelier; since 1905 has practiced law at Island Pond; state's attorney for Essex County 1908-10; referee in bankruptcy, 1908. Is a Republican. Second lieutenant, Rhode Island militia, 1898-9. Church prefer- ence, Methodist Episcopal. Member of Grange; Knights of Pythias; and Delta Tau Delta fraternity. HUNTON, Augustus Pingry, Bethel. Lawyer. Born Groton, N. H., Feb. 23, 1816; died June 20, 1911; son of Dr. Ariel and PoUy (Pingry) Hunton. Edu- cated at the public schools at Hyde Park; studied law with Hon. Joshua Sawyer, Hyde Park, Hon. Wm. C. Wilson, Ba- kersfield, and Hon. Wm. M. Pingry, Waitsfield. In 1849 married Caroline Paige of Bethel; they had two children, Mary and Albert (deceased). Admitted to Vermont Bar 1837; began practice of law at Stockbridge Common; in 1838 re- moved to Bethel; entered into partnership with Hon. Julius Converse; had as part- ners at different times Hon. Perley C. Jones, Allen P. Dudley, Romanzo Walk- er, Dudley C. Blodgett, Daniel F. Wey- mouth, Moulton J. Gilman, and Hon. Wm. B. C. Stickney. Was a Republican; rep- resentative six times from the town of Bethel in the House of Representatives; twice senator from Windsor County; speaker of the House in I860 and 1861, and presided over that body at extra ses- sion of April, 1861, summoned to provide for national defence; during the Civil War was superintendent of recruiting for Windsor County; in 1864 was delegate to Republican national convention which nominated Abraham Lincoln. HURD, Archibald Clifton, White River Junction. County Y. M. C. A. secretary. Born Pawling, N. Y., July 20, 1881; son of John H. and Mittie A. (Waite) Hurd. Educated at Danby pub- lic schools, under private tutors, and at Silver Bay summer school; examined and recommended for deacon's orders in Meth- odist Church; licensed to' preach 1900. In 1905 married Cora Philips Minkler of Philmont, N. Y. ; they have one son, Allan Campbell. General secretary Derby and Shelton (Conn.) Y. M. C. A. 1897-8; as- sistant secretary Bridgeport (Conn.) Y. M. C. A. 1899-1901; general secretary Philmont (N. Y.) Y. M. C. A. 1901-2; general secretary Claremont, N. H., 1902- 3 ; special secretary Brooklyn (N. Y.) Naval Y. M. C. A. 1903-6; County Y. M. C. A. secretary, Windsor, 1906 to date. Independent Republican. Member Associ- ation Employed Officers' Society. In 1911 inaugurated agriculture extension work for boys in Windsor County; Vermont "Get- together" dinner, with Col. Theodore Roosevelt as special guest, June 7, 1911; first state corn show, November, 1911; state fair public service work, 1908 to date ; annual county play festivals. HUSBAND, William Walter, Wash- ington, D. C. United States immigration service. Born Highgate, Sept. 29, 1871; INGALLS] MEN OF VERMONT 233 son of George and Mary (Hogan) Hus- band. Educated in the public schools and Franklin and St. Johnsbury Academies. In 1903 married Agnes M. BuUard of St. Johnsbury; they have one son, Richard Fenton. Assistant postmaster St. Johns- bury 1 896-8; reporter St. Johnsbury Caledonian 1900-2; managing editor Montpelier Daily Journal 1902-3; pri- vate secretary to Senator WiUiam P. Dil- lingham and clerk of United States Sen- ate committee on immigration 1903-7; executive secretary United States Immi- gration Commission 1907-11. A Republi- can. An attendant of the Congregational Church. Member of Vermont Historical Society; American Academy of Political and Social Science; American Statistical Association; American Economic Associa- tion; Apollo Lodge No. 2, Knights of Pythias, St. Johnsbury; president Ver- mont State Association of the District of Columbia, 1912. Legal address, St. Johnsbury. HUTCHINSON, William W., Enos- burg Falls. Physician and town clerk. Born Enosburg, Feb. 15, 1850; son of Dr. William R. and Celinda C. (Smith) Hutchinson. Educated in the public schools and Montpelier Seminary; was graduated with degree of M. D. from University of Vermont 1874. In 1874 married Mary E. Stone of Johnson; she died 1905; they had one son, William Selden; in 1906 married Elizabeth R. Chapman of Enosburg Falls. In 1874 began practice of medicine at Enosburg Center, succeeding to his father's prac- tice; in I896 removed to Enosburg Falls, where he has since been engaged in prac- tice. Is a Republican; represented Enos- burg in the Legislature 1882; town clerk since 1875; town treasurer since 1900. In religious belief a Congregationalist. IDE, Henry Clay, St. Johnsbury. Jurist, diplomat. Born Barnet, Sept. 18, 1 844 ; son of Jacob and Lodoska (Knight) Ide. Educated at St. Johnsbury Academy ; graduate of Dartmouth College as vale- dictorian, 1866; LL. D. 19OO; Tufts Col- lege 1903. In 1871 married Mary M. Melcher of Stoughton, Mass., who died in 1892; they had four children, Adelaide M. (deceased), Annie L. (Mrs. Bourke Cockran of New York), Harry J. (de- ceased), and Marjory M. Principal St. Johnsbury Academy 1866-8; head master Cotting High School, Arlington, Mass., 1868-9; studied law with Judge B. H. Steele, St. Johnsbury, and admitted to Vermont Bar 1870; began practice in St. Johnsbury 1871; formed partnership with Hon. H. C. Belden 1873; succeeded by Ide & Stafford, 1884; this partnership was succeeded by Ide & Quimby in 1890, and that was dissolved in 1892; admitted to U. S. supreme court 1890. Director First National Bank of St. Johnsbury, and trus- tee Passumpsic Savings Bank; also direc- tor Ely Hoe and Fork Co.; Jacksonville (Ala.) Oil Mill Co.; Tredegar National Bank, Jacksonville, Ala., and various other corporations. Is a Republican; states at- torney 1878-80; senator from Caledonia County 1882-5; president Republican state convention 1884; delegate national Republican convention 1888; U. S. com- missioner to Samoa 1891; chief justice of Samoa under joint appointment of Eng- land, Germany and United States 1893-7; member Taft commission for establishment of civil government in Philippine Islands April, 1900 ; secretary of finance and jus- tice for Philippine Islands, Sept. 1, 1901 ; vice-governor 1904-5; acting governor- general 1905-6; governor-general Philip- pine Islands I9O6. Receiver of the Knick- erbocker Trust Co. of New York 1907-8, which had assets and liabilities exceeding $50,000,000 each. Clubs: Army and Navy, University, Country, Columbia (Manila), and Metropolitan, Washington, D. C. Author of Code of Procedure in Civil Actions and Special Proceedings in the Philippine Islands, 1901; the Land Registration Act, 1903; The Internal Revenue Law of 1904 of the Philippine Islands, and more than three hundred other laws enacted by the Philippine Com- mission. Had entire charge of the reor- ganization of the monetary system of the Islands by which they were put upon a solid and permanent gold basis. In 1909 was appointed by President Taft envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotenti- ary to Spain, and still holds that position. Official address, American Legation, Mad- rid, Spain. INGALLS, Elwin LeRoy, Hartford. Superintendent of schools. Born Berk- shire, July 23, 1870; son of Norman and Martha (Crowe) Ingalls. Educated in the public schools of Berkshire; State 231 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [IL8LEY Xormal School, Johnson, graduate in the class of 1890; Burlington High School, class of 1892; and University of Vermont, A. B. 1896. In 1899 married Ina Eve- lyn Campbell of West Charleston; they had one son, Henry Campbell (deceased). Principal of Lamoille Central Academy, Hyde Park, 1896-1902; examiner of teachers, Lamoille County, 1898-1902; superintendent of Vermont Industrial School, Vergennes, 1902-7; superintendent of schools, Hartford, Hartland and Pom- fret Union, 1907-10; superintendent of schools Hartford and Pomfret Union since 1910. Is a Republican. A Congrega- tionalist. Member of Delta Psi Frater- nity, University of Vermont; Dorchester Lodge No. 1, F. & A. M., of Vergennes; Jerusalem Chapter No. 2, Vergennes; Mt. Calvary Commandery K. T., No. 1, Mid- dlebury; Myrtle Lodge No. 27, I. O. O. F., White River Junction; White River Encampment No. 19, White River Junc- tion; Grand Lodge of Vermont, grand warden I9II; president Vermont Union Superintendents' Association 1909-11; president Vermont Schoolmasters' Club since 1910; secretary of Green Mountain Club 1910-11. ILSLEY, Silas Augustine, Middle- bury. Banker and retired manufacturer. Born Brooklyn, N. Y., March 13, 1840; son of Silas and Lucy Prince Stetson (Harding) Ilsley. Educated in the public schools of Brooklyn. In 1863 married Mary E. Osborne of Brooklyn, N. Y. ; they have no living children. At the age of eighteen received appointment as clerk in Atlantic Bank of New York, holding the position for three years. April 18, 1861, enrolled as corporal, Co. E, 14ith New York Volunteer Infantry; mustered in as 2nd lieutenant, Co. I, Aug. 1, I86I; discharged Feb. 17, 1862, for promotion to 1st lieutenant Co. I, 56th New York Volunteer Infantry; discharged June 25, 1862, for promotion, and mustered in as 1st lieutenant and adjutant 158th New York Volunteer Infantry, Aug. 22, 1862; major Oct. 17, 1864; and discharged Feb. 17, 1865. He was brevetted lieutenant- colonel United States Volunteers. In Oc- tober, 1865, Colonel Ilsley embarked in the manufacture of tinware in Brooklyn, building up one of the largest industries of its kind in America. Retired from ac- tive business March, I90I, and three months later came to Middlebury, where he has since lived. In January, 1904, Colonel Ilsley purchased the fair groimds at Middlebury and transferred them by deed of gift to the Addison County Agri- cultural Society, having expended upon them more than $40,000; in 1905 he built at his own expense the fine marble Me- morial Baptist Church in memory of his father and presented the same, together with a parsonage and an ample endow- ment, to the Middlebury Baptist Society; he gave to the town of Middlebury an imposing soldiers' monument in memory of Middlebury men who died in the Civil War, which was unveiled on Memorial Day, 1905. Is president of the National Bank of Middlebury. A Republican; trustee Memorial Baptist Church of Mid- dlebury; has office at 141 Broadway, New York. ISHAM, Walter Carpenter, Burling- ton. Banker. Born South Burlington, Dec. 1, I86I; son of Lucius A. and Caro- line (Smith) Isham. Educated in the public schools of Burlington, and Bur- lington High School, graduate of the class of 1880. In 1898 married Bessie Par- malee Wells of Waterbury; they have two children, Ruth Wells and Robert Cross- mon. Was in the insurance office of Gen. T. S. Peck for a year and a half; then entered employ of Merchants National Bank, Burlington, as junior clerk; now a director and cashier; associated with his brothers, Arthur S. and Edward S. Isham, in the Manson Hardware Co. Treasurer of Chittenden County; presi- dent of the Home for Aged Women. Is a Republican. Member of College Street Congregational Church. Member of Wash- ington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. ; Hamil- ton Lodge No. 14, I. O. O. F.; the Ethan Allen Club; and treasurer of the Algon- quin Club. JACKSON, Joseph Wells, Barre. Physician and surgeon. Born Stockholm, N. Y., April 25, 1868; son of Dr. John Henry and Anna Dutton (Wells) Jack- son. Educated at Barre Academy; God- dard Seminary, graduated 1886; Queen's College, Kingston, Ont., one year, and medical department University of Ver- mont, graduated 1890. In 1893 married Sue Frances Emery of St. Albans, Me.; they have one son, Edward W. After re- JANES] MEN OF VERMONT 235 ceiving degree spent three years in hos- pital work, serving as house surgeon at ^lary Fletcher Hospital, Burlington; But- ler Hospital for the Insane^ Providence, R. I. ; and Danvers (Mass.) Lunatic Hos- pital. Was instrumental in starting the Barre City Hospital, and is one of the trustees and treasurer of that institution; is now working on some solution for the care and treatment of the ever increasing cases of tuberculosis in his home city. Ap- pointed assistant surgeon of 1st B,egiment Vermont Volunteers at outbreak of Span- ish-American War; while at Chickamauga Park was on duty in 1st division Srd corps hospital as ward surgeon; in charge of the hospital train bringing the sick of the regiment back to Vermont, and on duty at Fort Ethan Allen hospital until all were recovered. A Democrat; appointed to the board of pension examiners for Washington County, February, 1901, he has held the oflSce of secretary since; health officer for city of Barre at various times, holding the office at present, having been re-appointed in August, 1911; elect- ed school commissioner from ward 6, March, 1910, for three years; has devoted much time in an effort to have physical training carried on in the public schools. Member of the Congregational Church; served several years on business commit- tee; scout master for troop of boy scouts connected with the church. Member of Granite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M. ; past high priest of Granite Chapter, R. A. M. ; past commander of St. Aldemar Command- ery No. 1 1 ; potentate of Mount Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine, having been elect- ed in December, 1911, and as such at- tended the meeting of the imperial council held in Los Angeles, May, 1912, as chair- man of his delegation. JACKSON, S. HoLLisTER, Barre. Law- yer. Born Toronto, Ont., Dec. 7, 1875; son of Samuel Nelson and Mary A. (Parkyn) Jackson. Educated at Col- legiate Institute and Queens University, Kingston, Ont., at the University of To- ronto, from which he received the degree of bachelor of music, and at the Univer- sity of Vermont, from which he received the degree of A. B. On Aug. 26, 1909, married Maude M. Parkyn of Chicago, 111. ; they have one son. Nelson Parkyn. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1900. Is a Republican. Grand juror city of Barre 1901; states attorney Washington Coun- ty 1904-6; represented Barre city in the Legislature of 1906; railroad commis- sioner 1906-9; public service commissioner since 1909. Is a member of Granite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M., of Barre; Granite Chapter No. 26, R. A. M.; St. Aldemar Commandery No. 11, Knights Templar; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; Vin- citia Lodge No. 10, Knights of Pythias; and several clubs. JAKWAY, Silas J., West Haven. Farmer. Born West Haven, Oct. 26, 1858; son of George and Julia A. (Cook) Jakway. Educated in the public schools and Shoreham Academy. In 1880 mar- ried Emma N. Bartholomew of Dresden, N. Y. ; they have three daughters, Flor- ence May (Mrs. Charles Adams), Edna I. (Mrs. Harmon Sheldon), and Julia A. Is a, Republican; held the offices of select- man, school director, justice of the peace, constable and collector; represented West Haven in the Legislature 1904. Member of the Baptist Society, trustee for four years. Member of Whitehall Camp No. 10,490, M. W. of A.; and past master of West Haven Grange No. 390, Patrons of Husbandry. JAMES, John A., Weybridge. Farmer. Born Weybridge, April 7, 1853; son of Samuel and Susan (Payne) James. Edu- cated in the public schools of his native town, and Middlebury High School. In 1874 married Orpha, daughter of Philo and Eliza (Landon) Jewett of Weybridge; they had four children, Grace E. (Mrs. Lemuel R. Brown), Emma C. (deceased), J. Perry (deceased), and Samuel E. Has given much attention to sheep breeding, but in recent years has confined his efforts to the breeding of high grade horses and cattle. Director Middlebury Creamery Association; president Addison County Agricultural Society 1909-10, and member for many years. A Republican; has held many town offices; represented Weybridge in the Legislature 1910; senator from Ad- dison County 1904. Member of Congre- gational Church. JANES, Henry, Waterbury. Physician and surgeon. Born Waterbury, Jan. 24, 1832; son of Hon. Henry F. and Fanny (Butler) Janes. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Waterbury, private schools in Morrisville, St. Johnsbury Academy, and College of Physicians and Surgeons, 236 ENCYCLOPEDIA \'ERMONT BIOGRAPHY [JEFFREY New York, with degree M. D. 1855. In 1882 married Frances B. Hall of Cam- bridge; she died 1909- Assistant sur- geon Bellevue Hospital, New York, 1855; house physician 1856; in practice in Chel- sea, Mass., 1857; Waterbury, 1858-61; surgeon 3rd Vermont Volunteers 1861-3, and U. S. Volunteers 1863-6; major 1863; brevetted lieutenant-colonel 1 865 ; in charge of 1st brigade hospital, Burkitts- ville, Md., fall of 1862; hospital at Fred- rick, Md.j winter of 1862; 6th corps hos- pital spring of 1863; in charge hospitals in and about Gettysburg and Lettermann General Hospital summer and . fall of 1863, in which was placed more than 20,000 wounded Union and Confederate soldiers, and where he had over 250 sur- geons under his command; South Street United States General Hospital, Phila- delphia, winter of 1863-4; in command of hospital steamer State of Maine, summer of 1864; in charge of Sloan Hospital, Montpelier, and in command of post, from fall of 1864 to close of the war; since then has practiced in Waterbury. Consult- ing physician and surgeon to Mary Fletcher Hospital, Burlington, and Hea- ton Hospital, Montpelier; surgeon general Vermont National Guard; chairman of Vermont State Board Medical Censors; president of Vermont State Board Medi- cal Registration; military surgeon Uni- versity of Vermont CoUege of Medicine; member Washington County, Vermont State, and Massachusetts State Medical Societies; honorary member California State Medical Society; member American Medical Association; and Bellevue Hospi- tal Alumni Association. A Republican; has represented Waterbury in the Legis- lature; trustee of University of Vermont; president of board of trustees of Water- bury village. A member of Grand Army of the Republic; Loyal Legion; and Sons of the American Revolution. JEFFREY, William Hartley, East Burke. Compiler, publisher, and operator in real estate in Boston, Mass. Born Kennebunkport, Me., April 8, 1867; son of Eleazer and Lydia Jane (Clough) Jef- frey; a descendant of William Jeffrey of Weymouth, Mass., known in history as "William of Weymouth," and Corporal Silas Abbott, a soldier of the Revolution. Educated at the little red school house, and the university of nature. In 1887 married Sarah A. Hughs of Newburyport, Mass.; they had one child, Alice G. M.; in 1891 married Nellie A. Jenkins of Kirby; they have four children, Marion B., J. Milo, Ellen Frances Page, and Ruth Wilhelmina. Compiler of books of an his- torical nature; editor of newspapers; has read law some, and fooled with politics a bit; printer, publisher, and miner; spent a year in the gold and coal fields of Alas- ka. Volunteered for service in the war with Spain, resigning a lucrative position in Alaska, returned to Maine and was unable to pass the required medical ex- amination for service. A Republican; served as chairman town committee; town superintendent of schools, tax assessor, and in other minor offices, all secured by his personal effort. Member of the Order of Knights of Pythias; the Grange; Sons of the American Revolution; Daughters of America and Daughters of Liberty. Served five consecutive terms as state councilor of the Junior Order United American Me- chanics, and four years as one of its na- tional representatives. Served the Daugh- ters of Liberty as state councilor; twice as national representative; is now serving as state council secretary and member, of the national transportation committee. JENNE, James Nathaniel, Burling- ton. Born Berkshire, Dec. 21, 1859; son of John Gilbert and Charlotte T. (Woods- worth) Jenne. Educated at Enosburg Falls High School, University of Vermont College of Medicine, graduated 1881 ; New York Post-Graduate School and Hospital 1891; one winter abroad, attending for- eign medical schools. In 1883 married Abbie Cushman of Georeia. Practiced profession in Georgia 1881-7, when he moved to St. Albans and engaged in pri- vate practice; chief surgeon to the Central Vermont railway system 1887-97; adjimct professor of materia medica in the Uni- versity of Vermont CoUege of Medicine 1891-3; professor of materia medica and therapeutics 1893-1911; professor of therapeutics and clinical medicine 1911 to date. Was secretary and treasurer of the college 1 908-9. Member board of con- sulting surgeons of the St. Albans Hospi- tal 1886-1903, when he removed to Bur- lington. In 1890 was elected to the board of consulting surgeons of the Mary Fletch- er Hospital and retained that position al- most continuously to 1904, when he was JOHNSON] MEN OF VERMONT 2a7 elected attending physician and still re- tains that connection. In 1889 commis- sioned 2nd lieutenant and assistant sur- geon 1st Regiment of the Vermont Na- tional Guardj serving about 10 years^ hav- ing attained the rank of surgeon-general, to which rank and grade he was reappoint- ed for the second term, serving success- ively on staffs of Gov. U. A. Woodbury and Gov. Josiah Grout. In 1898 appoint- ed by President McKinley as major chief surgeon of the United States Volunteers, which position he held for about one year, serving successively on the staff of Gen- eral C. C. Compton, James F. Wade and Joseph C. Breckenridge, and was station- ed the greater part of the time at Chicka- mauga Park and connected with the first and third army corps, and at Fortress Monroe attached to the Josiah Simpson General Hospital. An independent Re- publican. In religious preference a Con- gregationalist. Ex-president Franklin County Medical Society, and the Vermont State Medical Society, member of its board of censors for several years; mem- ber of the Clinical Society of the City of New York, and the American Medical As- sociation, of which he has been for several terms, and still is the delegate from the Vermont State Medical Society. Member Franklin Lodge No. 4, F. & A. M. ; Cham- plain Chapter, R. A. M.; Lafayette Com- mandery, K. T., and the Research Club of the University, the 20th Century Club, Algonquin and other clubs. JOHNSON, Luther Burnham, Ran- dolph. Editor and publisher. Born Northfield, Dec. 8, 1869; son of James Nathaniel and Eloisa (Burnham) John- son. Educated at Northfield Graded and High Schools, and Norwich University, graduating in class of 1888. In 1891 married Martha Adelaide Willey of Ber- lin; they have three children, Paul Willey, Roy Luther, and Alice Martha. At the university was editor-in-chief of the uni- versity periodical, "The Reveille"; in 1889 acquired an interest in the Northfield News, and became its local editor and business manager; acquired entire owner- ship of the News, and became its editor and publisher until 1 894, when he sold the property; after a brief ownership of the Burlington Clipper, purchased in 1 894 the Randolph Herald and News and allied pa- pers, and has since continued as their editor and publisher. Mr. Johnson is a Republican; official reporter House of Representatives 1896-1904; represented Orange County in Senate 1906, being chairman of the Senate committee on rail- roads, and member of the committees on education and libraries. In religious preference is a Congregationalist. Is vice president of Vermont Press Association. JOHNSON, Russell Thayer, Concord. Physician and surgeon. Born Newark, April 4, 1841; son of Ransel and Sally A. (Farmer) Johnson. Educated in the public schools, and academy at Hatley, P. Q. Taught several terms of school; began the study of medicine in 1861 at Lyndon, under Dr. Charles S. Cahoon; attended three courses of lectures at med- ical department, University of Vermont; College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York; and Bellevue Hospital College, graduating from the latter in 1867. In 1869 married Asenath A. Weeks of Whee- lock. Began the practice of medicine in Stanstead, P. Q. ; in 1869 removed to Con- cord, where he has built up a practice which covers adjoining towns. Member of American Medical Association; Ver- mont State Medical Society, vice-president 1886; member of the White Mountain Medical Society; the Caledonia County Medical Society; delegate to International Medical Coijgress, Philadelphia, Pa., 1876; health officer Concord and adjoin- ing towns; and medical examiner for pen- sions for several years. In 1862 enlisted in 11th Vermont Regiment, and served nearly three years, most of the time in the medical department of the 6th Army Corps; about two years division steward of 2nd Division of 6th Army Corps. Has held many town offices, including that of treasurer and moderator at town meet- ings; represented Concord in the Legis- lature 1884. Is a member of the Grand Army, having served on the national staff at different periods; at present medical director of the department of Vermont; member of Concordia Lodge No. 43, I. O. O. F.; Moose River Lodge No. 82, F. & A. M., of Concord, of which he has been secretary 30 years and has passed all the chairs; at three different periods has been district deputy grand master. JOHNSON, Walter Harvey, Barnet. Farmer. Born Ryegate, April 16, I860; 238 ENCY(XOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [JONES son of Moses Dickey and Jane (Harvey) Johnson. His great-grandfather, Alexan- der Harvey, was Barnet's first representa- tive in the Legislature, going as a delegate to the first meeting at Windsor. Educated at Barnet public schools and Mclndoes Academy. In 1890 married Phoebe El- la Abbott of Barnet; they have one son, Edward Harvey. In 1883 went to Cheyenne, Wyoming, as a cowboy on a ranch; returned to Barnet in 1888. In 1890 went into partnership with the late Edward Abbott in farm and livery business; returned to the West in 1900, locating on big cattle ranch in Wau- neta. Neb.; sold ranch in 1905 and re- turned to farming in Barnet. Is a Re- publican; in 1908 represented Barnet in the Legislature; for three years justice of the peace. In religious belief is a Con- gregationalist. JONES, Alverton G., Sudbury. Cream- ery proprietor. Born Shoreham, June 6, 1859; son of Alverton J. and Ellen C. (Griswold) Jones. Educated in the pub- lic schools. In 1883 married Ada L. Shattuck of West Windsor. Commenced business buying and shipping produce; in 1885 erected a creamery at West Salis- bury; in 1886 commenced manufacture of butter in Sudbury, building a modern creamery in 1 892 ; in 1 895 took into part- nership his brother, C. W. Jones. Estab- lished a general store in 1905, building a new store and custom grist mill a few years later; also owns a dairy farm of over 375 acres. Is a Republican; has held many of the town offices ; represented Sudbury in the Legislature 1908, where he actively opposed the abolishment of offsets and assisted in throwing some re- strictions around the license law. Mem- ber of the Congregational Church of Sud- bury; deacon of the church for the past six years. Member of the Grange. JONES, Charles Henry, late of Or- leans. Register of probate. Born Cov- entry, May 9, 1847; died Orleans, March 15, 1909; son of Horace S. and Harriet (Joslyn) Jones. Educated at Derby Academy and St. Johnsbury Academy, fitting for Dartmouth College. In 1891 married Cora G. Humphrey of Barnston, P. Q. ; she died the same year; in 1907 married Jennie Martha Locke of Orleans. Read law with Hon. L. H. Thompson of Irasburg, but iU health prevented law practice. Was a close student of finance, often writing for financial journals; di- rector of Central Savings Bank & Trust Co. ; and left estate to be used for library or hospital at Orleans. Was a Republi- can; a man eloquent in the cause of his friends, but never accepted office for him- self. In his will left bequest to both Congregational and Methodist Church so- cieties. JONES, Ralph Allen, North Ben- nington. Banker. Born Hoosick Falls, N. Y., March 21, 1875; son of Albert M. and Freelove E. (Allen) Jones. Educated in the public schools of Hoosick Falls, N. Y. In 1899 married Maude Easton of Putnam, N. Y. Was bookkeeper First National Bank, Hoosick Falls, N. Y., 1891-7; teller of First National Bank, North Bennington, 1897; assistant cash- ier 1900; and cashier since 1911. Is a Republican; treasurer of North Benning- ton village and graded school. Member of the Congregational Church; and mem- ber of the Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation. JONES, Samuel Albert, Sheffield. Physician and surgeon. Born Wheelock, Dec. 5, 1856; son of Samuel H. and Bet- sey (Root) Jones. Educated in the public schools, Lyndon Academy, University of Vermont, medical department, and Jeffer- son Medical College, Philadelphia. In 1886 married Inez M. Giffin of Sheffield; they have four children. Bertha E. (Mrs. Conley of White River Junction), Clinton E., Doris M., and Velma M.> Has prac- ticed medicine in Sheffield since 1883. Is a Republican; has held the offices of se- lectman, superintendent of schools, audi- tor, and has been moderator continuously for the last 18 years; was treasurer of U. S. board of pension examiners, resign- ing the position to represent his town in the Legislature 1910; has been health officer since the office was created. In re- ligious preference a Free Baptist. Mem- ber of the Grange; Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Junior Order of United American Mechanics ; has filled local chairs in last named order, served two years as state councillor, and been dele- gate to national body at Nashville, Tenn. JUDKINS] MEN OF VERMONT 239 JONES, Walter Edwin, Waitsfield. Merchant. Born Waitsfield, April 15, 1874; son of Walter A. and Elvira (Bush- nell) Jones. Educated at Waitsfield pub- lic schools, and a graduate of St. Johns- bury Academy 1894.; in 1899 married Jes- sica M. Baker of St. Johnsbury, who died 1908; they had one daughter, Ruth B. Began a general merchandise business in 1895. Is a Republican; is town clerk and school director. In religious belief is a Congregationalist. Member of Mad River Valley Lodge No. 77, F. & A. M. ; of Ver- mont Historical Society; and Vermont Sons of American Revolution. JORDAN, Eugene B., Jericho. Mer- chant. Born Winooski, Feb. 27, 1863; son of William and Adaline (Church) Jor- dan. Educated at Winooski public schools and Burlington Business College. In 1886 married Gertrude F. Hovey of Jericho; they have two children, Hovey and Con- stance. In 1884, in company with his brother Henry, purchased the general mer- cantile business of E. H. Lane & Son, Jericho Center; a new building, erected in 1900, is one of the most modern and commodious country stores in the state; since the death of his brother, in October, 1911, has conducted the business alone, under the same name of Jordan Bros. A Republican; represented Jericho in the Legislature 1898; town clerk of Jericho since coming to the town in 1884; one of the first school directors elected under the town system. Member of Congregational Church of Jericho Center, church treas- urer and Sunday school superintendent. Member of McDonough Lodge No. 26, F. & A. M., and Mansfield Grange. JORDAN, Henry Francis, Brattle- boro. Optometrist. Born Centerville, Mass., Aug. 30, 1858; son of Edwin Darling and Irene Susan (Hinckley) Jordan. Edu- cated in Worcester, Mass., grammar school; graduate of Philadelphia, Pa., High School; and Philadelphia Optical College, graduating in 1889; took course in mechanical drawing in the Franklin Institute. In 1885 married Jennie Price Homer of Philadelphia, Pa.; they have one son, Alfred Bennett. Was connected with McAllister Optical Co., Queen & Co. Optical Co., and Philadelphia Optical Co., of Philadelphia, Pa.; began business ca- reer as optician and jeweler in Philadel- phia 1885, continuing until 1900, when he sold out on account of poor health and removed to Brattleboro, taking a position with F. A. Hubbard as head watchmaker and refractionist; in 1903 with E. H. Van Doom purchased the business of Mr. Hubbard, which they conducted until I9O8, when Mr. Jordan withdrew from the firm and opened offices devoted exclu- sively to optometrical practice; in 1909 Alfred B. Jordan, graduate of the North- ern Illinois College of Ophthalmology and Otology,, was admitted into partnership, the firm name becoming Jordan & Son. In 19O8 was instrumental in organizing a State Optical Society; appointed by the society secretary of a legislative com- mittee for the purpose of presenting an optometry bill to the state Legislature and formulating a campaign for its en- forcement; in this he was successful; later appointed by Governor Prouty a member for three years of the board of examiners in optometry; was elected president of the board. Is a Republi- can. Member of Center Congregational Church; member of church committee; formerly superintendent of the Sunday school, assistant superintendent at pres- ent time; active in the Brotherhood Asso- ciation. Member of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M.; Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T. ; Protective Grange No. 22 ; Windham Pomona Grange No. 5 ; New England Association of Opticians; the Vermont State Optical Society, of which he was the first secre- tary; and charter member of American Association of Opticians. JUDKINS, John Hunton, Northfield. Physician. Born Prescott, Wis., Feb. 11, 1867; son of Zopher M. and Chloe Jose- phine (Bailey) Judkins. Educated in the public schools of Prescott, Wis., and Charlestown, N. H. ; graduated from Nor- wich University with degree B. L. 1890, and from Baltimore Medical College 1893. In I894 married Saidee Corbin of Charles- town, N. H. Began the practice of medi- cine in Northfield 1893; later purchased the drug business of the late Edwin Por- ter, M. D., continuing the two to date. Member of the Congregational Church. Member of De Witt Clinton Lodge No. 15, F. & A. M.; Independent Order of 240 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [KELLEY Odd Fellows; in IpOl elected head physi- cian of Modern Woodmen of America. KELLEY, Barney F., City of St. Al- bans. Real estate and bonds. Born Ire- land, Nov. 20, 1847; son of Barney and Elizabeth (Larkin) Kelley. Educated in the public schools, and New Hampton Institute, Fairfax. In 1872 married Nancy M. McSorley of St. Albans. Mr. Kelley is a Republican; appointed deputy sheriif of Franklin County 1867; inspec- tor of United States customs 1869; pro- moted to deputy collector of customs 1879; elected constable and collector of taxes for town of St. Albans 1886, which position he held until 1890, when he was elected sheriff of the county; after retir- ing from the office of sheriif devoted his time to bond and real estate business; now holds the office of deputy sheriff, justice of the peace, and notary public; has always been interested in the affairs of his town and city; has held many local offices; was connected with the iire de- partment many years, and its chief en- gineer three years; also member of the school board of the old town of St. Al- bans, and its chairman for four years. A member of the Roman Catholic Church, and the Knights of Columbus. KELLEY, John Richard, Burlington. Undertaker. Born Burlington, March 29, 1859; son of John and Margaret (Hartt) Kelley. Educated at St. Mary's Parochial School. In 1885 married Mar- garet J. Sheehan of Burlington. Was head clerk for C. E. Germain, grocer, three years; clerk, shipper, and traveling sales- man for G. W. Kelley, wholesale grocer, for eight years; traveling salesipan for P. J. Sorg Tobacco Co. for state of Maine, and for Berry, Hall & Co., teas, coffees, and spices, for five years. Since 1898 has been engaged in the undertaking business. Is a Democrat, school commissioner, Bur- lington, 1884-94; alderman 1895-1903; elected 1908 and re-elected 1910 as state committeeman for Chittenden County. A member of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Cathedral; trustee of St. Joseph's Ceme- tery since 1900; financial secretary for St. Mary's Benevolent Society for several years. Member of Foresters of America; Ancient Order of Hibernians; Knights of Columbus; Fraternal Order of Eagles; and Order of Elks. KELLEY, Thomas Benton, Boston, Mass. Custodian Vermont Association. Born Castleton, Oct. 10, 1838; son of David and Zanna Dixon (Jones) Kelley. Educated in district schools of Castleton, and in Danby, 111. (now Glen EUyn), and two years at Wheaton (111.) College. In 1 860 married Mary Amelia Kelley of Rut- land; they had four children. Smith Frank, Benton Elmer (deceased), Laura Beulah (Mrs. John RoUey), and Anna May (Mrs. Geo. A. Brigham). While at- tending school assisted his father in keep- ing records of post-office and railroad sta- tion; in 1853 entered employ of Chicago Daily Democrat as bookkeeper and super- intendent mailing department; station and express agent Glen Ellyn, 111., five years; followed occupation of machinist and mill- wright as life work; quarry and mill fore- man with Rutland Marble Co., West Rut- land, 15 years; foreman Howe Scale Co., Rutland, 1882-4; foreman Struthers & Son's marble works, Philadelphia, six years ; in railway mail service between Boston and Essex Junction during the Harrison and McKinley administrations; at present custodian Vermont Association, Hotel Westminster, Boston. Enlisted in Co. E, 8th Illinois Cavalry, Sept. 10, 1861; mustered into service eight dayis later; joined the Army of the Potomac and was in every engagement after the first Bull Run to the siege of Petersburg, Va., 82 engagements in all; wounded four times with bullet and three times with sabre; Sept. 15, 1862, in six sabre charges within 40 minutes, captured seven confed- erate soldiers, armed, nearly a mile from any Union soldier; lost five horses shot imder him in the three years' service; in a Virginia raid captured a sutler and $5,000 worth of goods. Originally a Dem- ocrat; since I860 a Republican. Member Methodist Church; charter member Rob- erts Post No. 14, G. A. R., of Rutland, passing all the chairs twice; aide-de-camp on staff of two commanders-in-chief and four times on staff of department staff of Vermont. KELLEY, William Darius, North Troy. Pharmacist and jeweler Born North Troy, Aug. 24, 1885; son of Darius William and Sophia Jane (Kennison) Kelley. Educated at North Troy High School, class of 1905; Vermont Acadenw Saxtons River; and Massachusetts Col- KELLOGG] MEN OF VERMONT 241 lege of Pharmacy, Boston, Mass. In 1911 married Jessie Harriet Munro of Brook- lyn, N. Y. At the age of 16, entered the employ of D. W. KeUey, his father, as a drug clerk; at his father's death in 1909 succeeded to the business. Is a Republi- can; justice of the peace, village clerk, town auditor, and village auditor. Mem- ber of the Congregational Church; treas- urer and trustee of the church. Member of the Order of Masons; Modern Wood- men of America; and Knights of Pythias. KELLOGG, William Pitt, Washing- ton, D. C. Lawyer, soldier, statesman. Born Orwell, Dec. 8, 1830; son of Rev. Sherman Kellogg, a well-known Congre- gational clergyman located for many years at Montpelier. His grandfather, Saxton Kellogg, married Sallie Fuller, a descendant of Benjamin Franklin, and when quite young removed from Connecti- cut to Vermont. Educated at Norwich yniversity. In 1865 married Mary E. Wills of Canton, 111.; they have no chil- dren. In 1848 his father removed to Pe- oria, 111., to take charge of a church, where he died a short time after. Thrown on his own resources, in the winters he taught school and in the summers read law with E. G. Johnson, himself a Ver- monter and a warm friend of Abraham Lincoln. Admitted to the bar in 1852 and practiced in Fulton County, where he met Mr. Lincoln, who often attended court at Lewiston, the county seat. In 1856 was chosen by the party then known as the Anti-Nebraska party as delegate from Fulton County to the Bloomington Convention held May Z9, 1856, which or- ganized the Republican party of Illinois; was chairman of his delegation, Mr. Lin- coln being chairman of the delegation from Sangamon County. In the same year was a candidate on the Lincoln legisla- tive ticket in Fulton County. In I860 chosen a Lincoln presidential elector, and is the only one of the Illinois presidential electors of that year now living. Shortly after President Lincoln's inauguration in 1861 he was appointed chief justice of Nebraska. In July, 1861, at request of Governor Yates, returned to Illinois and recruited a regiment of cavalry; was given six months' leave of absepce at the in- stance of President Lincoln, and returned to Illinois. He raised what was known as the 7th Illinois Cavalry, composed of sons of farmers; was commissioned colonel of the regiment by the governor and given six months' leave of absence from time to time. Reported to Gen- eral Grant at Cairo, who detailed him to command the post at Cape Girardeau, Mo.; commanded this post for four months, and later served with General Pope at the capture of Fort Thompson and Island No. 10; went with Pope to Farmington and Corinth, and, after the battle of Corinth, was stricken with ty- phoid fever and for a long time a con- firmed invalid. Resigning, he returned to Nebraska and resumed his duties as chief justice of that territory. In January, 1863, accompanied Governor Yates to Gleneral Grant's headquarters in front of Vicksburg, and on Feb. 16, 1863 was se- lected by General Grant to carry impor- tant papers to President Lincoln at Wash- ington. The authority given him was written by General Grant and is highly cherished by Judge Kellogg. Wednesday evening, April 12, 1865, he had an inter- view with President Lincoln at the White House who tendered him the office of col- lector of customs at New Orleans and urged him to accept the position. He was appointed April 13, 1865, his commis- sion bearing that date; the following day, April 14, President Lincoln was assas- sinated. Served as collector of customs until July, 1868, when he was elected U. S. senator from Louisiana, serving from July, 1868, to Nov. 1, 1872, when he re- signed to become a candidate for governor on the Republican ticket. He was elected and served as governor of Louisiana from Jan. 5, 1873, to Jan. 5, 1877. During the first two years of his administration as governor of Louisiana there was a very acrimonious struggle With an organiza- tion known as the White League, until Congress by joint resolution recognized him as both de facto and de jure gov- ernor. Subsequently Senator George F. Hoar, of Massachusetts, was chairman of the joint committee of the two houses of Congress sent to investigate the condition of aifairs in Louisiana. In a speech in the U. S. Senate referring to Governor Kellogg Senator Hoar said: "This man sliows the civil commissions of Abraham Lincoln and the register of brave and honrable military service in the cause of the union. Some years ago, in the per- formance of a duty assigned me by the 16 242 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [KENDALL House of Representatives, I carefully in- vestigated the complaints against his ad- ministration as governor of Louisiana. I declare it my belief that for wisdom, en- ergy, and integrity it is a conspicuous and honorable exception. He found her credit degraded, and left it strong; he found her treasury empty and bankrupt, and left it with a surplus." (Forty-sixth Congress, Second Sess. P. 31 61.) At the end of his term as governor, was re-elected to U. S. Senate, serving until March 3, 1883; afterwards elected to the House of Rep- resentatives of the 48th Congress from the 3rd Congressional District of Louisi- ana, and at the expiration of his term in the House retired from active politics. Was delegate-at-large from Louisiana to the national convention of 1868 which nominated General Grant, and one of the 306 delegates who voted for him to the end at the national convention of 1880; was a delegate-at-large from Louisiana to every Republican national convention up to and including that of 1896, which nom- inated McKinley at St. Louis. Governor Kellogg is passing his declining years with his invalid wife at The Highlands, one of Washington's beautiful apartment houses, and where he has large real es- tate interests. KENDALL, Hobart M., Richford. Express agent. Born East Berkshire, Jan. 17, 1874; son of Philo C. and Miranda (Marsh) Kendall. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Berkshire, Enosburg High School, class of 1895, and Albany Busi- ness College, class of 1897. In 1898 mar- ried Erma Cummings of Berkshire. Taught school one year in Berkshire; in 1897 entered the employ of the American Express Co., in charge of the office at Richford, continuing to date. A Republi- can. An Episcopalian; vice-president of Men's Guild; treasurer of the church four years. Past noble grand Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows; president of Calumet Club. KENT, DoRMAN Bridgman Eaton, Montpelier. Insurance. Born Calais, Nov. 1, 1875; son of Murray Abdiel and Ruth Eaton (Bennett) Kent. Educated in the public schools of Calais, Montpelier Union School, and Montpelier Seminary, gradu- ated 1894. In 1904 married Agnes Thompson of Lancaster, N. H.; they have two sons, Bennett Thompson and Richard Howard. Commenced working in actuar- ial department of the National Life In- surance Co. in 1896, continuing to date. For past ten years has devoted much time to genealogical work for himself and others; has compiled an ancestry of his children as yet unpublished, which will when printed make a volume of some 700 pages. A Democrat. Member and one of the executive committee of Church of the Messiah (Unitarian), Montpelier. Member of Aurora Lodge, F. & A. M.; King Solomon R. A. Chapter; Montpelier Council, R. & S. M.; Mt. Zion Command- ery; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; the Apollo Club; member and secretarj' of a literary organization known as "The Club"; member, librarian, and custodian of Vermont Historical Society; a charter member of the Montpelier Country Club, and of the Montpelier Lodge of Elks, and now secretary of the latter. KENT, Merritt W., Shoreham. Farmer. Born Shoreham, April 24, 1851 ; son of Yeumans and Fannie Merritt. Edu- cated at Shoreham Academy. In 1881 married Eva A. Waite of Shoreham. Was railroad station agent 1875-78 at Ticon- deroga, N. Y. ; since then has engaged in farming. Mr. Merritt is a Republican; represented Shoreham in the Legislature 1888; sheriff of Addison County 1892-98. Justice of the peace since 1886; has filled the offices of lister,- selectman, constable, road commissioner, and license commis- sioner; is past master Simonds Lodge No. 59, F. & A. M. ; member of Shoreham Grange, and secretary of same for two years. KIDDER, Charles W., Woodstock. Physician and surgeon. Born Woodstock, Dec. 28, 1884; son of EUery W. and Mary B. Kidder. Prepared for college in the public schools; entered University of Ver- mont 1903; received degree of M. D. 1907. Began practice of medicine in Shoreham, remaining until Oct. 1, 1910, when he re- moved to Woodstock, continuing practice to date. Republican; member Simonds Lodge No. 59, F. & A. M.; Alma Hendee Chapter, Order Eastern Star. KIDDER, Fred Thomas, Woodstock. Physician and surgeon. Born Woodstock, Oct. 14, 1858; son of Moses and Laura ^, y^^7^7//^j V^i:/r6rL KING] MEN OF VERMONT 243 (Hazen) Kidder. Educated at Woodstock ■High Schoolj University of Vermont, de- gree A. B. 1880, M. D. 1883; N. Y. Post Graduate Medical School 1884. In 1893 married Ellen S. Warren of Woodstock; they have one daughter, Kathrine Win- chester. Has practiced medicine in Wood- stock since graduation. Is a Republican; represented Woodstock in the Legislature 1906; senator from Windsor County I9O8. Trustee of University of Vermont since I9O8; appointed member and treasurer of State Board of Health in 1906 for term of six years. A member of the Christian Church; chairman of Windsor County Y. M. C. A. Committee. Charter member Quechee River Lodge No. 4,6, I. O. O. F., noble grand 1903; Mount Tom Encamp- ment; Canton Woodstock^ surgeon Patri- archs Militant of Vermont. Member of Vermont Medical Society; White River Medical Society, president 1909; Windsor County Medical Society, president 1908-9; American Medical Association; American Academy of Medicine; American Public Health Association ; director of Woodstock Aqueduct Co., Woodstock Electric Co., and Woodstock Ice Supply Co. KIDDER, J. Frank, Burlington. Man- ufacturer. Born Winooski, Sept. 2, 1870; son of William and Rosella (Frasier) Kidder. His grandfather, WiUiam D. Kidder, located in Burlington in 1825, and built a residence on the site of the building now occupied by J. F. Kidder; the building was burnt down in 1842; the present building erected that year, has been occupied by the Kidder family four generations. Educated at Winooski graded school, and graduate of New York Trade School, class of 1887. In 1894 married Clara A. Rand of Potsdam, N. Y. ; they have five children, Ruth C, Min- nie C, Cyrus F., Clara J., and Thelma C. Mr. Kidder is a machinist; inventor of the product- of the J. F. Kidder Manu- facturing Co., punches, shears, hook and eye formers, etc. A collector of Ameri- can coins and old New England school- books. A Democrat; alderman I906; su- perintendent water department 1907, and since 1909. Member of the American Society for Psychical Research; the Fra- ternal Order of Eagles; and the United Commercial Travelers' Association. KIMBALL, Robert Jackson, late of Randolph. Banker. Born Randolph, Feb. 16, 1836; son of Hiram and Jerusha (Bradish) Kimball; died Oct. 3, 1903. Educated at West Randolph Academy. In 1864 married Martha L. Morse in To- ronto, Can. ; they had three children, Clara Louise, Annie Laura, and William Eu- gene. In early life a telegraph operator and expressman, and all through life in- terested in telegraph and railroad enter- prises. In 1865 established a banking house in New York City, which still con- tinues as R. J. Kimball & Co., 7 Nassau street. Was member New York Stock Exchange from 1869; director People's Trust Co., Brooklyn, 1899-1890; presi- dent Iowa Central Railroad Co. A Repub- lican; aide-de-camp with rank of colonel on staff of Governor Dillingham, 1888-90; represented Randolph in the Legislature 1890-1; vice-president Republican state league ; president Republican Club of Ran- dolph. A Baptist; president board of trustees Emmanuel Baptist Church, Brook- lyn, N. Y. Member Sons of American Revolution; Society of Colonial Wars in the State of Vermont; president Brooklyn (N. Y.) Society of Vermonters; member, Hamilton Club, Riding and Driving Club ; and trustee Arts and Sciences, of Brook- lyn. KING, James Clark, Barton. Real estate dealer. Born Glover, Sept. 21, 1863 ; son of Hiram Pierce and Lydia Ann (Frost) King. Educated in the public schools. In 1885 married Emma Jane Davis of Sheffield; they have one daugh- ter, Florence May. Has spent the greater part of his life on the farm, and has had experience in lumbering and building; re- tired from farming in 1906 and moved to Barton; is president of the King & Nel- son Co., real estate dealers. Member Or- leans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M., and the Grange. KING, James S., Isle- La Motte. Phy- sician and surgeon. Born Chateaugay, N. Y., Nov. 8, 1870; son of Parsons D. and Mary E. (Clark) King. Educated in the public schools of Chateaugay, Cha- teaugay Academy, and University of Ver- mont, M. D. 1893. In 1890 married May M. Knapp of EUenburg, N. Y.; they have 244 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [KINGSLEY four children, George E., Fred J., Katie L., and James S. Has practiced medicine and surgery at Isle La Motte since 1893. Is stockholder, director and manager of Isle La Motte Telephone Co. A Republi- can; represented Isle La Motte in the Legislature 1888; senator, from Grand Isle County 1906; notary public 10 years; town clerk eight years. Past master Isle La Motte Lodge No. 81, F. & A. M.; past district deputy 11th Masonic District; past high priest Hill Chapter No. 14, R. A. M.; member of St. Albans Com- mandery, K. T. ; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mys- tic Shrine, Montpelier; Modern Woodmen of America, Camp No. 9922; and the Grange. KINGSLEY, Harvey Roberts, Rut- land. Lawyer. Born Rutland, Jan. 8, 1872; son of Levi G. and Cornelia S. (Roberts) Kingsley. Educated in Rut- land public schools; Morse's School, New York City; Columbia College, A. B. 1893; and Columbia. College Law School, LL. B. 1896. Was dep- uty assistant district attorney. New York City, 1897, under Col. Asa Bird Gardner; has practiced law in Rutland since 1899- Is a Republican; member and chairman of Republican city commit- tee since 1900; grand juror City of Rut- land 1901 and 19041-10; school commis- sioner since 1904; chairman 1909; secre- tary of civil and military affairs 1910-12 under .Governor John A. Mead. A mem- ber of the Protestant Episcopal Church. Is past master Center Lodge No. 34, F. & A. M. ; treasurer Davenport Chapter No. 17, R. A. M.; member Davenport Council No. 12, R. & S. M.; past com- mander Killington Commandery No. 6, Knights Templar; member of Cairo Tem- ple, Mystic Shrine; Vermont Consistory, Scottish Rite; Loyal Legion; Sons of the American Revolution; Colonial Wars; De- scendants of Colonial Governors; and Sons of the Revolution. KINIRY, James Henry, Windsor. Merchant. Born Walpole, N. H., Nov. 11, 1858; son of John and Mary Kiniry. Educated at Bellows Falls High School. In 1882 married Minnie L. Wiley of Rock- ingham; they have three children, Ralph W., Louise A., and Raymond H. Came to Windsor 30 years ago as train master for the Vermont Valley and Sullivan R. R. Co., and held that , position 15 years; since then has been dealer in coal, wood, wagons, sleighs, etc., at Windsor; for the past 12 years has also run a store and a coal yard at Claremont, N. H. A Repub- lican; sheriff Windsor County 1910-12. In religious belief a Unitarian. Member of Vermont Lodge No. 18, F. & A. M.; Windsor Chapter No. 6, R. A. M. ; Wind- sor Council No. 8, R. & S. M.; Vermont Commandery No. 4, K. T. ; and Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Montpelier. KINNEY, Marcus O., Grand Isle. County judge. Born North Hero, Oct. 18, 1848; son of Lysander and Mary (To- bias) Kinney. Educated in the public schools of Grand Isle, and New Hampton Institute, Fairfax. In 1873 married Mary E. Center of Grand Isle; they have one son, Clarence C. Taught school four years previous to 1873, when with his brother Socrates he purchased a farm which he carried on until 1903; in that year re- turned to the home farm; ships apples in large quantities; is also interested in dai- rying and poultry; is a stockholder in and secretary of Grand Isle Creamery. A Republican; has held various town offices; was superintendent of schools from 1873 for 25 years; county examiner of teachers two years; sheriff four years; elected as- sistant^ judge of Grand Isle County 1906; re-elected 1908 and 1910. An attendant of the Methodist Church; member of Po- mona Grange. KINSLEY, Clayton John, Benning- ton. Newspaper man. Born Cambridge, Jan. 20, 1866; son of Clinton Samuel and Hester Medora (Scribner) Kinsley. Edu- cated at Burlington High School, and Uni- versity of Vermont. In I9O6 married Grace Cora Sibley of Bennington. Learn- ed printer's trade in office of his father's newspaper, the Burlington Clipper, when a boy; left college at end of second year; worked as compositor on Burlington Free Press, later as reporter and night editor; went to Barre in 1892, and formed part- nership with J. W. Ramsey in publication of the Granite City Leader, which sus- pended in 1896; employed for a year, on the Montpelier Evening Record, and for about a year with the Essex Publishing Co.; was located in Whittier, Cal., for nearly two years as one of the publishers of the Whittier News; has been employed LAMBERTON] MEN OF VERMONT 245 since December, 1903, on the Bennington Evening Banner. KINSLEY, Earl S., Rutland. Life in- surance. Born Cambridge, Nov. 4, 1869; son of Cl'inton S. and Medora (Scribner) Kinsley. Educated in the public schools of Burlington and Washington, D. C. In 1890 married Clara Chase of Burlington; they have two children, George S. and Hester M. Has been general agent for thfe National Life Insurance Co. since 1895. A Republican; messenger Vermont House of Representatives 1880; appoint- ed messenger in U. S. Senate by Senator George F. Edmunds in 1881, and served until 1886; official reporter Vermont State Senate 1886-8; chief of staff on Governor Fletcher D. Proctor's staff 1906-8; represented Rutland in the Leg- islature 19O8. A Congregationalist. Mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity. KNIGHT, Frank Leonard, Water- bury. Merchant. Born Waterbury, April 5, 1863; son of Moses M. and Sarah (Blush) Knight. Educated at St. Johnsbury Acad- emy, graduate of class of 1885. In 1886 married Daisy Clark of Georgia; they' have four children, Albert Clark, Edward Morse, J. Bradford, and Sarah Jeanette. Proprietor of "Knight's Dry Goods Es- tablishment," the oldest dry goods store in Washington County, the business hav- ing been conducted under the same name for fifty years. A Republican. A Con- gregationalist. Chaplain of Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M., of Waterbury. KNIGHT, M. Clarence, Newbury. Insurance, town clerk and treasurer. Born Newbury, Sept. 24, I86I; son of Andrew J. and Sarah E. (Jenne) Knight. Edu- cated in the public schools, Newbury Semi- nary, and Eastman's Business College. In 1887 married Clara A. Silsby of New- bury; they have four children, Horace B., William A., Harvey S., and Martha. Was engaged in the manufacture of lumber 1883-97; in the flour, feed, and grocery business 1890-1900; was also a dealer in hard coal. Elected town clerk and treas- urer in March, 1902, and has held the office ever since; clerk and treasurer of Newbury village lighting district since it was fchartered in 1905. Is a Democrat; member from Orange County of Demo- cratic state committee since I9O8; justice of the peace 1892 to 1894, and I906 to 19O8. Member of Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. &. A. M.; Mt. Libanus Chapter No. 13, R. A. M. ; Palestine Commandery No. 5, K. T.; and Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. LaFOUNTAIN, Albert William, Springfield. Merchant. Born Winooski, Sept. 10, 1868; son of Maxim and JuUa (Parizo) LaFountain. Educated in the public schools of Springfield. In 1892 married Helen B. Church of Chester; they have one son, Mark Church. Was engaged as a barber for six years in Springfield; in 1898 purchased a half interest in Law- rence & Wheeler's hardware store, firm name Putnam & LaFountain; five years later purchased Putnam's interest, later selling this interest to Wm. C. Staples ; firm name now LaFountain, Staples & Co., retail hardware; ex-president Springfield Gas Co.; director Bay State Saddle Tree Co., of Springfield; managing director of Barre Gas Co. ; director St. Johnsbury Gas Co. ; l9,rge real estate dealer, owning, with Mr. Staples, 35 houses in Spring- field. Member of the Board of Trade. A Republican. Member of the Roman Catholic Church. LAMBERTON, David H., Rutland. Editorial writer and specialist in political publicity. Born Cornish, N. H., April 20, 1862; son of Joseph L. and Helen (Smith) Lamberton. Educated in the dis- trict schools; Stevens High School, Clare- mont, N. H., and in special normal courses in Boston. In 1883 married Florence B. Davis of Bradford, N. H., who died Sep- tember, 1890; they had two sons, John v., with Doubleday, Page & Co., New York, and Lambert, graduate of U. S. Naval Academy, class of 191I, now in the service. Was principal of North Conway, N. H., Academy 1887-8; principal of Washington Academy, Wickford, R. I., 1888-90; superintendent of schools. West- ern Franklin County district, Massachu- setts, 1890-92; and supervising principal of public schools, Wickford, R. I., 1892- 1900. Came to Vermont as editor and manager of Morrisville Messenger, 1902, and transferred that business in I9O8 to become editorial writer for the Burling- ton Clipper and associated papers. Was press agent for ex-Gov. George H. Prouty and Gov. John A. Mead in their canvasses 246 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [LANE for the gubernatorial nomination; press agent for the Republican state committee in the campaigns of 1908 and 1910, and director of publicity for the Champlain Tercentenary in 1909- Has spoken on the Republican stump in recent campaigns, and also in many Vermont towns on edu- cational subjects in meetings held by the State Superintendent of Education and State Commissioner of Agriculture. Was first speaker in Vermont to urge establish- ment of elementary schools of agriculture. Member of the Masonic fraternity, and past master of Washington Lodge, F. & A. M., Wickford, R. I. Now editorial writer for the Rutland Evening News, Rutland. LANE, WiNFHED Howard, Brattleboro. Physician. Born Williamstown, Sept. 21, 1876; son of George E. and Fannie A. (Howard) Lane. Educated at Black River Academy, Ludlow; Middlebury Col- lege, and University of Vermont College of Medicine, graduated 1899. In 1902 married Alice M. Crane of Ludlow; they have two sons, Howard and Richard Ad- ams. Was assistant physician Taunton, Mass., Hospital 1899-1900; practiced , medicine in Readsboro 1901-5, and at Brattleboro since 1905. A Republican. Member of Protestant Episcopal Church. Member of Unity Lodge No. 89, F. & A. M., of Jacksonville; Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M.; and captain- general Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T., of Brattleboro. Vice-president Windham County Medical Society; a trustee of Austine Institution for deaf and dumb and blind children; member medical board Brattleboro Memorial Hos- pital. LANG, Charles Alfred, MontpeUer. Salesman. Born Montreal, P. Q., March 5, 1863; son of Matthew Thomas and Maria Louise (Perry) Lang. Educated at LacoUe, P. Q., High School. In 188* married Mary Eva Davis of St. Albans. Was in grocery business in St. Albans 1876-83; Central Vermont Railroad chief clerk 1883-1901; station agent Montpelier 1901-4; at present engaged with the Bow- ers Granite Co. in granite business. Is a Republican. Was alderman ward one, Montpelier, 1906-11. Past master, Auro- ra Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M.; past high priest King Solomon Chapter No. 7, R. A. M.; member Mt. Zion Commandery No. 9, Knights Templar, and of Mount Sinai Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. LANIER, Amos F., Montpelier. Ac- countant. Born Barre, May 20, 1878; son of Amos and Clementine (Labanchiere) Lanier. Educated at St. Michael's School, Montpelier, and Albany Business College. In 1901 married Margaret Marie O'Don- nell of Bennington; they have one son, Howard William. In 1898 was book- keeper for Edward Norton & Co., Ben- nington; later traveling salesman for the same firm four years ; accoimtant in Lynn, Mass.; financial manager of Cross Bros., Northfield; treasurer of the Empire Gran- ite & Quarry Co., joint inventor of the Chase patent granite saw, the machine that revolutionized the granite world; one of the three incorporators of the Ameri- can Granite Saw Co., Worcester, Mass. Is a Republican. -A member of the Ro- man Catholic Church. Member of the United Commercial Travelers of America. LATHAM, Leon Drew, Milton. Law- yer. Born Royalton, Sept. 21, 1874; son of Benjamin Cole and Phoebe C. (Dur- kee) Latham; the family is an old Puri- tan one, directly descended firom William Latham who came in the Mayflower, and of Robert Latham who married daughter of Mary (Chilton) Winslow; the Durkee family is also of old Puritan stock, ar- riving in 1630, and represented in Revo- lutionary war. Educated in the public schools and West Randolph High School. In 1902 married Agnes A. Quinn of Mil- ton and has one son, Leon D. Latham, Jr. Brought up on a farm; worked at farming, school teaching, and various oc- cupations to earn his way through school and law studies; admitted to the Vermont Bar 1897, one of the youngest in a class of 15. Principal of West Hartford vil- lage school 1898; located in Milton fall of 1899. A Republican; has held local town oflSces; represented Milton in the Legislature I9O6; introduced the resolu- tion which created joint committee to in- vestigate matters of taxation, of which he was a member, and was the first advo- cate of a uniform rate of tax on intangi- bles and abolishment of offsets as a solu- tion of taxation problems of Vermont* introduced and reported the bill that made the Sand Bar Bridge a state highway and created a culvert; later had charge of the Clc William Adams, Montpelier. Lawyer. Born Montpelier, Aug. 28, 1849; son of William Hayes and Harriet Adams (Aiken) Lord. Educated at Washington County Grammar School, and Dartmouth CoUege, class of 1869- In 1883 married Lucy A. (Reynolds) Yovmg, who died 1 893 ; in 1 894 married Mabel Louise New- comb; they have one daughter, Dorothy Louise. Admitted to the Vermont Bar at the March term of Washington County court, 1876; has practiced his profession since at Montpelier. A Republican; has held various town offices; reporter of the Senate 1874, 1876, and 1888; represented Montpelier in the Legislature 1894 and 1896; speaker of the House 1896 to 1898, resigned before extra session of May, 1898, and was national bank examiner from 1898 to 1900; senator from Wash- ington County 1904; chairman of commis- sion to revise the Vermont Statutes 1904- 6; chairman of the board of editors of the Public Statutes of Vermont I906-8. A Congregationalist. Member of Benevo- lent Protective Order of Elks. LOVELAND, Charles Herbert, New- port. Merchant. Born Huntington, July 9, 1851; son of Alonzo H. and Amanda A. (Southmayd) Loveland. Educated in the public schools; New Hampton Insti- tute, N. H. ; and Comer's Business Col- lege, Boston. In 1876 married Emma S. Northrop of Fairfax; they had two children, Frank N. (deceased), and Don Everett of Unity, Me. Was page in Ver- mont Senate 1866-7; assistant clerk in office of secretary of state 1867-8; in lum- ber business Huntington 1872-3; railway train service, northern New Hampshire 1873-85; bookkeeper for Boston firms 20 years; came to Newport in 1907 and formed the C. H. Loveland Co., in part- nership with L. C. Fisher & Co. of Bos- ton, continuing until the fall of 1 911. Is a Republican; chairman of Republican town committee of Melrose, Mass., one year. Member of the Methodist Church. Member of Rising Star Lodge No. 11, F. & A. M., of Concord, N. H.; Cleve- land Chapter No. 20, R. A. M., of New- port; and Unity Lodge No. 59, Royal Arcanum, of Somerville, Mass. LOVELL, Charles Edward, Whitman, Mass. Physician and surgeon. Born Woodstock, April 13, I86I; son of Ed- ward Sparrow and Mary Azubah (Taft) Lovell. Educated at Grammar and High School, Middleboro, Mass., and Dartmouth 252 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [LOVELL Medical School 1885. In 1889 married Eugenia F. Bartlett of Middleboro; they have one son^ Lathrop Bartlett, Dart- mouth 1912, now in medical department. State hospital, Tewksbury, Mass., Janu- ary, 1885, to July, 1887; since practiced profession at Whitman, Mass. A Repub- lican; president Plymouth County Repub- lican Club 1900 ; chairman Whitman board of health nine years, when he became se- lectman and overseer of the poor, holding the office since 1907; town physician and medical inspector; U. S. examining sur- geon at Brockton 1900-2. An Episco- palian; member Puritan Lodge, F. & A. M.; Pilgrim R. A. Chapter; Abington Council, R. & S. M.; Old Colony Com- mandery, K. T.; Aleppo Temple, Mystic Shrine, Boston; Plymouth Rock No. 43, K. P.; Webster Lodge No. 113, I. O. O. F.; Middlesex Club of Boston; Commer- cial Club of Brockton; Massachusetts Medical Society; Massachusetts Society Medical Examiners, and Hatherly Medi- cal Society; Sons of American Revolu- tion, and Dartmouth Alumni Association. LOVELL, Maitland Clair, Spring- field. Merchant. Born Springfield, Oct. 28, 1874; son of Royal Lewis and Etta Sarah (Proctor) Lovell. Educated in Spring- field public schools and University of Vermont. In 1897 married Ethelyn Mary Loveland of Springfield; they have three children, Clair Milan, Ruth Elizabeth, and Proctor Mayo. Was in company with his father in the meat business for sev- eral years, purchasing the business in 1907, and has since conducted it in his own name. Is a Republican. Member First Universalist Church of Springfield, for several years clerk and superintendent of the Sunday school. Past president Springfield High School alumni; member of local board of trade and of Cosmo- politan Club. LOWE, Frank Edward, Montpelier. Wholesale grocer. Born Fitchburg, Mass., Jan. 15, 1864; son of John and Sarah (Mead) Lowe. Educated in Fitchburg public schools. In I9OO married Mrs. Martha (Stone) Towle of Boston, Mass. Began business in the wholesale commis- sion house of I. A. Lowe & Co., Fitch- burg; in 1886 with his brothers bought out the business and formed the partnership of Lowe Bros. & Co.; in 1887 established brancK houses at Gardner and Greenfield, Mass.; in 1891 became a quarter owner of the Falulah Paper Co. of South Fitch- burg; largely interested as a promoter and builder of street railways in New Eng- land, New York, and Pennsylvania; in 1898 became president and manager of Greenfield & Turner's Falls Street Rail- way; in 1905 took up residence in Mont- pelier, and became treasurer and manager of the Montpelier Wholesale Grocery Co. In religious 'belief is a CongregationaUst. LUCIA, Joel H., Montpelier. Lawyer. Born in Bridport; son of Charles T. and Paulina Lucia. Educated in the public schools, Barre Academy, and Middlebury College. In 1871 married Elizabeth B. Reed, daughter of Hon. Charles Reed, of Montpelier; they had three children, Dan- iel R. (deceased). Rose, and Emily W. (Thayer) (deceased). Admitted to Ver- mont Bar June, 1868; has since been en- gaged in law practice. Enlisted August, I862, leaving college for that purpose, in Co. D, 14th Regiment Vermont Volun- teers, served as private, corporal, and ser- geant; only engagement was at Gettys- burg; discharged July, 1863; re-enlisted February, 1864, in Co. H, 17th Vermont Volunteers, and served until July 16, 1865; sergeant until August, 1864, when he was commissioned 1st lieutenant;- was in all the engagements of the regiment from June 4, 1864; wounded at battle of Poplar Spring Church, Sept. 30, 1864; lost left arm and was in hospital until March, 1 865 ; attended second inaugura- tion of Abraham Lincoln as President; re- turned to regiment and took part in as- sault of Petersburg, April 2, 1865. Is a Republican; states attorney Addison Coun- ty, 1872-4; justice of the peace Addison County, 1 866-83 ; in Washington County more than 10 years; register of probate, district of New Haven, for several years; city clerk Vergennes two years-; mayor of Vergennes, serving third year when he moved to Montpelier; aid-de-camp with rank of colonel on staff of Governors Washburn and Hendee 1869 and 1870; judge advocate general, with rank of brig- adier general 1874-8; member of board of school commissioners, Montpelier, 1885- 1901, chairman from 1889; superintend- ent of schools nine years ; chairman of 2nd congressional district Republican commit- tee. An Episcopalian. Member of Mont- LYONS] :\rEN OF VERMONT 253 pelier Board of Trade; the Loyal Legion; department commander Grand Army of the Republic 1901. LYMAN, Elias, Burlington. Business man. Born Burlington, Oct. 22, 1849; son of Elias and Cornelia J. (Hall) Ly- man. The Puritan founder of his family was Richard Lyman, born in Essex Coun- ty, Eng., 1580; came to Boston 1631; a year later moved to Hartford, Conn., and was. one of the founders of that city; his grandfather built the first bridge across the Connecticut river, and the second cot- ton mill in Vermont. Prepared for college at the Burlington High School; A. B. University of Vermont 1870; LL. D. 1911. In 1880 married Harriet E. Phelps, a sister of Hon. E. J. Phelps; they have three children, Mary Phelps, Helen Cor- nelia, and Elias (sixth of the name in suc- cession), at present holding a Rhodes scholarship at Trinity College, Oxford, Eng. Mr. Lyman was teller of Merchants National Bank, 1870-4; in partnership with Wm. H. Wilkins in coal business 1874-81, when Mr. Wilkins retired; con- ducted the business first alone, then with a partner, and in 1893 was formed the Elias Lyman Coal Co., of which he is president, continuing to date. Has been president of the Venetian Blind Co. since 1888; of the Burlington Traction Co. since 1 890, of the Baldwin Refrigerator Co., the Welch Bros. Maple Co., and vice-presi- dent of the Queen City Cotton Co. since 1896; is vice-president of the Howard National Bank, and the City Trust Co., and of the O. L. Hinds Mfg. Co. A trus- tee of the University of Vermont and State Agricultural College since 1887; acting president from November, 1910, to Oct. 6, 1911 J the interim between the death of President Buckham and the in- auguration of President Benton. A Re- publican; member of board of aldermen 1888-93, and twice elected president of the board; represented Chittenden County in the Senate 1894. Member of St. Paul's Episcopal Church, vestryman and junior warden several years; often called to rep- resent his church in diocesan conventions. Member Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. ; of the Society of Colonial Wars, of which he was governor in I9OO; the Algonquin Club, of which he was presi- dent in 1906 and 1907, and the Ethan Allen Club. LYMAN, Ray Eugene, Stratton. Farm- er. Born Stratton, March 31, 1887; son of William R. and Emma (Whitman) Ly- man. Educated at Stratton public schools and Clawson-Hamilton College. Is a Re- publican; represented Stratton in the Leg- islature 1910. Is a member of the West Wardsboro Baptist Church, and superin- tendent of its Sunday school. LYON, Frank Chauncey, Burlington. Merchant. Born Waterbury Center, Oct. 28, 1867; son of Chauncey and Merriam Emerette (Hopkins) Lyon. Educated in the public schools and Green Mountain Seminary. In 1887 married Meena Alma Rand of Waterbury; they had four chil- dren, Esther Frances, Ruth Dorothy, Paul (died in infancy), and Pauline Merriam. In 1887 purchased a 200 acre farm in Waterbury, where he remained about seven years ; came to Burlington in 1 894 ; was for five years bookkeeper at the Old Bee Hive; later clerk for W. G. Rey- nolds; in 1906 the W. G. Reynolds Co., carpets, furniture, etc., was formed, of which he was elected vice-president; upon the death of Mr. Reynolds in 1907, pur- chased the holdings and has conducted the business since as president and manager. Is independent in politics. Member of the Methodist Church; steward, and mem- ber of the financial committee. Member of Modern Woodmen of America; New England Order of Protection; and the Algonquin Club. LYONS, John Walter, Rutland. Law- yer. Born Vergennes, Nov. 17, 1874; son of John and Katherine (Quilty) Lyons. Educated in the public schools of Ver- gennes and Brandon, and Catholic Univer- sity of America, Washington, D. C, LL.B. 1899. In 1907 married Maud Laurens McCahill of Washington, D. C, who died 1910. Studied law; admitted to the Ver- mont Bar in 1899^ and has since practiced in Rutland. A Democrat; grand juror, city of Rutland, four years ; member board of license commissioners two years ; Demo- cratic candidate for states attorney; also for Congress 1900; alternate to Demo- cratic national convention at Kansas City I9OO; to St. Louis in 1904, and delegate to national convention at Denver I9O8. A Roman Catholic; member of Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. 254 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [MCCLELLAND McClelland, Donald W., Rich- ford. Educator. Born Burlington, July 13, 1888; son of Charles L. and Harriet (Woodworth) McClelland. Educated in the public schools of Braintree, Mass.; Thayer Academy, South Braintree, Mass.; and University of Vermont, graduated 1911. Employed one year by George W. Keates, Boston, as interior decorator; worked the greater part of his way through college, having been left upon his own resources by the death of his father when he was 15 years of age; associate editor of The Cynic, the college paper, one and one-half years, and for a like time managing editor; editor-in-chief of the 1911 Ariel; passed the examination for the Rhodes scholarship, Oxford Univer- sity, 1909. In 1911 principal Richford High School, which has an enrollment of 71 students. A Methodist; collector and steward of the Methodist Church, Bur- lington, while there. Member of Alpha Lambda Chapter of the Kappa Sigma, and Phi Beta Kappa fraternities. McCUEN, Robert William, Ver- gennes. Editor and publisher. Born Ver- gennes. May 30, 1879; son of Nicholas James and Kate H. (Allen) McCuen. Ed- ucated at Vergennes graded and high schools, Middlebury College, and Boston University Law School. In I9OI married Nancy Mable Smith of Vergennes. Has been engaged in newspaper work since 1901 ; also largely interested in farms and real estate. A Republican; member of board of aldermen of Vergennes 1903-6; represented Vergennes in the Legislature 1906 and 1910 ; member Lake Champlain Tercentenary Commission I906-8; presi- dent of Republican League I9O8; delegate to Republican national convention 1908; secretary county committee 1908 and 1910 ; member of Atlantic Deeper Water- ways Commission from Vermont 1910; school director I91I. An Episcopalian. Worshipful master of Dorchester Lodge No. 1, F. & A. M. ; past grand of Cham- plain Lodge No. 58, I. O. O. F.; membe"r of Knights of Pythias ; Order of Elks, and president Vermont Prsss Association. McCULLOUGH, John G. Governor 1902-04. See page 50. McDONALD, Bruce, Montpelier. Merchant. Born Liverpool, Eng., Nov. 30, 1870; son of John F. and EUzabeth Margaret (Beckwith) McDonald. Edu- cated in the Montpelier public schools. In 1899 married Minnie A. Stoddard of War- ren. Previous to 1902 was clerk for C. H. Shipman, boots and shoes, 19 years; since then has been in the retail boot and shoe business. Is a Republican. Member of the Methodist Church; one of the board of stewards. Member of Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M. ; Camp No. 9065, Modern Woodmen of America; Stannard Lodge, N. E. O. P.; Montpelier Lodge No. 13, K. P.; past grand Vermont Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F.; member of Thomas Wildey Encampment No. 11, I. O. O. F.; Ivy Re- bekah Lodge No. 24; Clan Gordon No. 12, Oi'der of Scottish Clans; Rob Morris Chapter No. 24, O. E. S.; and Montpelier Board of Trade. McFARLAND, Henry Moses, Hyde Park. Banker, lawyer, and insurance. Born Waterville, Aug. 5, 1852; son of Moses and Livonia A. (Leach) McFar- land. Educated at People's Academy, Morrisville, and University of Vermont, A. B. 1878. In 1881 married Julia Brig- ham of Hyde Park; they have three chil- dren, Helen Marion, Grace Brigham, and Brigham Wheeler. Was principal of La- moille Central Academy, Hyde Park, 1878-81, and trustee for many years; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1881; member of the firm of Brigham & McFarland, at- torneys, three years; secretary and direc- tor of Hyde Park Lumber Co. since; or- ganization in 1888; director of Lainoille County National Bank since 1888, and its vice-president for many years; director and vice-president of Lamoille County Savings Bank & Trust Co. since organi- zation in 1889; director of Union Mutual Fire Insurance Co. since 1891; director of Burlington Mutual Fire Insurance Co. since organization in I906; organized La- moille County Insurance Agency in 1882 now representing twenty-two leading com- panies, and has owned and conducted it since. Vice-president for Vermont of American Bankers Association Is a Re publican; states attorney LamoiUe Countv 1884-6; secretary civil and military affTirs 1890-2; delegate from Vermont^ to Na- tional Repubhcan anti-saloon conventi« Chicago, 1886; chairman of board of t ' tees of village six years, covering org'^"^" zation of village, and installation of el^'" MCMILLAN] MEN OF VERMONT 255 trie light and sewer, systems. A Congre- gationalist; for many years treasurer of society and chairman of business commit- tee. Member Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F, & A. M.; Bliss Lodge No. 44, I. O. O. F.; grand master of Grand Lodge of Vermont, I. O. O. F., 1897; grand rep- resentative from Vermont to Sovereign Grand Lodge, L O. O. F., 1898-9; member of Vermont Society Sons of American Revolution; Delta Psi fraternity (U. V. M.), and Phi Beta Kappa. McFEETERS, Emmet, Enosburg Falls. Lawyer. Born Sheldon, April 22, 1855; son of William and Ann (Todd) McFeet- ers. Educated in the public schools, Frank- lin, and Bakersfield Academy; studied law with C. G. Austin of Highgate, and at Ann Arbor, Mich., Law School. In 1882 married Lucy M. Pelton of Highgate; they have one son, William E., class of Dartmouth '05 and Harvard Law School '08. Admitted to Bar of Michigan 1880, and Vermont Bar 1881; has since been engaged in law practice in Enosburg. Is a Republican; represented Enosburg in the Legislature 1900; member of judiciary committee; re-elected 1902, served as chairman of the judiciary committee and second member of committee on state and court expenses; states attorney for Frank- lin County 1896-8. In religious belief a Baptist. MoGARRY, John Bernard, Windsor. Clergyman. Born Pittsford, Oct. 29, 1 873 ; son of Bernard and Sophia (Wil- lette) McGarry. Educated at Proctor High School; Ottawa College, Ottawa, Ont. ; St. Mary's Seminary, Baltimore, Md. ; and Laval University, Quebec, P. Q. Ordained to the priesthood Oct. 28, 1900; assistant rector, St. Francis Church, Ben- nington, 1900-1; St. Peter's Church, Rut- land, 1901-5; rector St. John the Baptist Church, Enosburg Falls, 1905-7; Holy Rosary Church, Richmond, 1907-8; St. Francis Church, Windsor, since 1908. Catholic chaplain at the Vermont state prison, Windsor, since 1908. McGOFF, Walter Henry, Montpelier. Dental surgeon. Born Irasburg, Jan. 22, 1869; son of Cornelius and Martha (Ord- way) McGoff. Educated in public schools, and University of Pennsylvania, grad- uating in dental surgery 1901. In 1906 married Clara May Perrin of Plainfield; they have one child, Donald Perrin. Was engaged in newspaper work in Nashua, N. H., 1890-8. Has practiced dentistry in Montpelier since 1901. Is a Republican. A Congregationalist. A member of An- cient York Lodge No. 89, F. & A. M., Nashua, N. H.; King Solpmon Chapter, No. 7, R. A. M., Montpelier; and the Modern Woodmen of America. McLEAN, Donald M., Wheelock. Grain dealer and miller. Born Bury, P. Q., May 28, 1863; son of Malcolm and Katherine (McLeannan) McLean. Edu- cated in the public schools. In 1888 mar- ried Mary E. Merrill of Compton, P. Q.; they have four children, Katherine M., Clifford M., Ruth, and Reta. After leav- ing school he learned the miller's business at Brooklyn Mills, Bury, P. Q., where he was engaged seven years; operated a mill at Waterville 1884-96; in 1898 purchased a mill at Boynton, P. Q., which he oper- ated until 1902, when he sold it and re- moved to Wheelock and purchased the Wheelock grist mill which he has since conducted. Is a Republican; represented Wheelock in the Legislature 1910; over- seer of the poor 1 910-11. Is a Presby- terian. Member of Crescent Lodge No. 66, F. & A. M.; Modern Woodmen of America; Independent Order of Forest- ers ; the Grange ; Caledonia Forest and Stream Club; and the Canadian Club. McMANUS, Peter F., Rutland. Law- yer. Born Rutland, Oct. 2, 1865; son of Peter and Margaret (MuUany) McManus. Educated in the Rutland public schools. Holy Cross College, Dartmouth College, and Boston Universitv Law School, de- gree LL. B. 1890. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1 890. Has • since practiced law in Rutland. Is a Democrat. In religious be- lief a Roman Catholic. McMillan, Frank Griggs, Minne- apolis, Minn. Contractor and builder. Born Danville, Oct. 4, 1856; son of Col. Andrew and Susan Griggs McMillan. His father, a graduate of West Point, was descended from Col. Andrew McMillan of Ulster, Ireland, who came to America 1754, Gen. John McMillan, one of his sons, being the grandfather of the subject of this sketch. Was educated in the dis- trict schools, and Dummer Academy, By- 256 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [MCSWEENEY field, Mass. In 1881 married Lillian A. Connor of Minneapolis; they have four children^ Corrine, Lillian, Howard, and Jassamine. In early life served appren- ticeship in the printing trade in the old "North Star" office, at Danville, the sec- ond newspaper established in Vermont; later worked qs a journeyman printer in Boston; removed to Minneapolis in 1878 and engaged for a time at his trade. Ow- ing to ill health sought out-of-door occu- pation and interested himself in building; is now one of the leading contractors in the city. A Democrat ; state senator 1 890 ; chairman Senate Capital Commission two years; author of bill providing for erec- tion of the new State Capitol at St. Paul. Was appointed by Governor Lind mem- ber of the State Board of Equalization, and served two years as its chairman; member of Minneapolis board of park commissioners for two years, and served for six years as member of the board of education; is serving now as member of the board of corrections and charities. Member of Minneapolis Commercial Club, LaFayette Club, Minnetonka Beach, St. Anthony Falls Commercial Club, the John A. Rawlins Post of the Citizens Staff, Six O'clock Club, Minnesota Society Sons of the American Revolution, Minnesota So- ciety Sons of Colonial Wars, Vermont Association of Minnesota, and member and trustee of First Congregational Church of Minneapolis. Residence, 700 10th Ave. S. E., Minneapolis. McSWEENEY, Patrick Eugene, Burlington. Physician and surgeon. Born Glens Falls, N. ¥., Feb. 24, 1862; son of John and Catherine (Sheehan) Mc- Sweeney. Educated at Schuylerville (N. Y.) High School, class of 1883, and Uni- versity of Vermont, medical department, class of 1886. In 1890 married Margaret A. McMahon of Stowe; they have two children, Douglas and Katherine. Ap- pointed attending physician to Mary Fletcher Hospital 1892; attending sur- geon 1 908 ; attending physician Fanny Allen Hospital 1894; attending surgeon 1901. Elected adjunct professor of ob- stetrics, University of Vermont, 1895, and professor of gynecology, 1911. President Champlain Trust Co. of Winooski; presi- dent Vermont State IMedical Society 1 905 ; president Chittenden County Clinical So- ciety; division surgeon Central Vermont Railroad and Rutland Railroad 1911; cor- porator Burlington Savings Bank. A Democrat; a Roman Catholic. Member of Knights of Columbus; Catholic Order of Foresters; Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica; American Order of Foresters, and U. V. M. Medical Research Club. MACKAY, James, Barre. City clerk and treasurer. Born Aberdeen, Scotland, March 14, 1861; son of William and Isa- belle (Stevenson) Mackay. Educated at public schools, Aberdeen. In 1885 mar- ried Agnes Law Robertson of Dunferm- line, Scotland; they have five children, William Kerr, James Robertson, George Fleming, Roy, and Hazel Isabel. Learned the trade of granite cutting in Aberdeen; came to Montreal, P. Q., in 1882; lo- cated in Barre in 1884, following occupa- tion of granite cutter until 1892, when he entered the firm of Imlah & Co. and en- gaged in granite manufacturing until 1902; assumed the position of manager of the Barre Granite Exchange 1902, re- linquishing it the following year to assume the office of city clerk and treasurer, which he still holds. Mr. Mackay is a Repub- lican; has served as alderman of the third ward for three years and president of the board of aldermen. Is a Presbyterian; a Mason; member of Order of Scottish Clans, Knights of Pythias, and Modern Woodmen of America. MacLEAN, Andrew, White River Junction. Manufacturing baker. Born Inverness, Scotland, September, 1869; son of John and Annie (Rich) MacLean. Ed- ucated in schools of Huntley, Aberdeen- shire, Scotland; learned the baker's trade in Scotland. Came to America 1887; re^ mained in New York one year; employed nine years in Boston as a journeyman ba- ker; came to White River Junction in 1897, and in 1898 became an original partner in the Vermont Baking Co., now among the largest concerns of its kind in northern New England. A Republican, and active in the affairs of his home town. A Congregationalist ; member Myrtle Lodge of Odd Fellows, and White River Encampment, both of White River Junc- tion. • MACOMBER, James Hervey, Bur- lington. Lawyer and judge of probate. Born Westford, April 18, 1867; son of O^A>OUoVJU___^ MANSUR] MEN OF VERMONT 257 James Hervey and Frances (Beach) Ma- comber. Educated at St. Johnsbury Acad- emy ; University of Vermont, degree A. B. 1890; Boston University Law School, de- gree LL. B. 1895. In 1899 married Nel- lie A. Mower of Burlington; they have two children, James Hervey and Herrick Mower. Has been engaged in law prac- tice at Burlington since 1895; was in part- nership with R. E. Brown 1897-1902; is director of Chittenden County Trust Co.; trustee of Home Savings Bank; also at- torney for both institutions; treasurer of Burlington Mutual Fire Insurance Com- pany. Is a Republican; city grand juror, Burlington, 1899-1900; city clerk 1.Q03; city attorney 1907-1909; elected probate judge September, 1910. Member of pru- dential committee of First Congregational (Unitarian) Church for four years. Mem- ber of the Ethan Allen Club, one of its governing board 1908-9; past grand of - Hamilton Lodge No. 14, I. O. O. F.; and treasurer of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. MALONE, Michael, Fair Haven. Of- fice manager. Born Poultney, Feb. 27, 1877; son of Patrick J. and Mary (Ken- nedy) Malone. Graduated from Fair Ha- ven High School 1895. Connected with foundry and machine business in Fair. Ha- ven since 1897; clerk and book-keeper in general office Fair Haven Foundry and Machine Co., incorporated, since its or- ganization in 1900. A Democrat; held office of lister, town and village auditor; trustee Fair Haven graded school; repre- sented Fair Haven in the Legislature 1904 and 1906. A Roman Catholic. Past grand knight Fair Haven Council No. 810, Knights of Columbus'} present district deputy for 2nd Vermont district. Knights of Columbus; member of Prospect Grange No. 429, Fair Haven. MANLEY, John Batchelder, Jr., Brattleboro. Automobile dealer. Born Dorset, May 6, 1872; son of Manley J. and Ellen B. (Lord) Manley. Educated in the public schools of Dorset and Troy Conference Academy at Poultney. In 1897 married Jennie M. Danforth of East Ru- pert ; they have five children, John B., Jr., Helen, Willard W.^ Walter Parker, and Warren. Engaged in bicycle business in Dorset 1892-6; contractor and builder in Brattleboro 1 896-8; opened store on High street 1898, continuing in trade until 1905, when he built Brooks House garage which has since been conducted under name of Manley Bros., being state distributors of Ford, National and Lyon machines, with an averge sale of one car daily for past year. A Republican. Member of Brat- tleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; Wan- tastiquet Lodge, I. O. O. F., and Vermont Wheel Club. MANN, George William, Barre. Real estate. Born Plainfield, Aug. 2, 1846; son of Abram and Lucia (Darling) Mann. Educated in the public schools. In 1874 married Mary Ellen Wheeler of Barre; they had three children, Walter Edgar (deceased), Frank Ernest (deceased), and Jennie Ethel (Mrs. E. M. Laws), edu- cated in music at Eastern College, Front Royal, Va. Mr. Mann was engaged in farming until 24 years of age; in 1870 came to Barre, and a year later began the trade of granite cutter in the only stone shed in town, then only 1,800 in the township. In 1875 opened third stone shed in Barre, employing two men; in 1877 purchased a stone quarry for $700, later selling it for. $3,000, and now valued at $30,000; put in first steam power pol- ishing machine in Barre, paying $400 for the outfit and eight years later selling it for $3,000. In 1886 bought another quar- ry of four acres of Wetmore & Morse, known as Mann's quarry, in 1904 sold it to Marr & Gordon for $20,- 000. Retired from granite business in I894, since which time has engaged in real estate business, having erected up- wards of 40 dwelling houses which he now owns and rents. Is a Republican. Mem- ber of Evangelical Church and its class leader. MANSUR, Zophar Mack, Newport. Banker. Born Morgan, Nov. 23, 1843; son of Warren and Jane A. (Morse) Man- sur. Educated in the public schools, Washington County Grammar School and Derby Academy. In 1867 married Ellen L. Newhill; they have two children, Arthur G. and Mabel S. Studied law with George N. Dale at Island Pond 1 870- 5 ; admitted to Vermont Bar 1 875 ; prac- ticed law till 1892; engaged in lumber business 1892-7; director National Bank, Derby Line, 1885-1905, president since 1905. In August, 1862, enlisted in Co. 17 258 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [MARSH K, 10th Vermont; mustered out 1865,, serving as corporal; in battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Monocacy Junc- tion, and Opequon Creek, Va., losing his right arm in last named battle. Is a Re- publican; represented Brighton in Legis- lature 1886; represented Essex County in the Senate 1888; lieutenant-governor 1894- 6; collector of customs for the district of Memphremagog 1897-1906; trustee of Ver- mont Soldiers' Home since its organiza- tion; a trustee of the University of Ver- mont. Is a Methodist; trustee and stew- ard of church at Newport. A member of Memphremagog Lodge No. 65, F. & A. M., of Newport; 32 degrees in Burlington Consistory; member of Baxter Post No. .51, G. A. R., and its post commander; president of Vermont DfBcers' Reunion Society 1898; president Vermont Sons of American Revolution 1898. MARSH, Cahmi L., late of Enosburg Falls. Manufacturer. Born Franklin, August 4, 1842; died December 29, 1910; son of Lathrop and Lucy (Chadwick) Marsh. Educated at public schools. In 1865 married Delia E. Pelton, daughter of Lyman E. Pelton of Highgate; they had two children, Lathrop Lyman and Lucy M. (Mrs. F. W. Draper). In 1879 he purchased of Dr. B. J. Kendall a half interest in the Kendall Spavin Cure busi- ness, and soon after Glin Merrill and M. P. Perley became partners in the concern, the late Dr. B. J. Kendall Co., Mr. Marsh later becoming its president, a position which he held until his death; he also con- ducted a large feed and mill business. Enlisted in Co. K, 13th Vermont Volun- teers, at Highgate, Sept. 11, 1862, and was unanimously elected second lieutenant of the company; Dec. 31, 1862, after two weeks' illness from typhoid fever, was re- moved to hospital at Fairfax Court House, Va., remaining until Jan. 20, 1863; fol- lowing a long march to camp. Lieutenant Marsh suffered a relapse, and an attack of cerebro-spinal meningitis carried him near to death; Feb. 5th he was removed to the home of Mrs. Wilcoxon, where he recovered sufficiently to be removed to his home, resigning Feb. 17, 1863. Thirty years later he had succeeded in finding his old nurse, who had again married and moved to another state, and was then in destitute circumstances ; annually until her death. General Marsh paid a visit to his benefactress, paying all her bills and mak- ing her last days comfortable, and at her death, July 29, 1902, he defrayed the ex- pense of her illness and funeral charges. At the 22nd annual reunion of the 13th Regiment, held at Franklin, Sept. 8, 19^0, was dedicated a beautiful soldiers' monu- ment, the gift to his native town of Gen- eral Marsh. In 1910 the Vermont Legis- lature changed the name of Franklin Pond to Lake Carmi, in appreciation of his val- ued services as a citizen. Was a Repub- lican; represented Franklin in Legisla- ture 1878-9; senator from Franklin Coun- ty 1886; judge advocate general on the staff of Governor Barstow; president 13th Vermont Regiment Association, later be- coming one of the "self-appointed commit- tee of three" of the regiment, so called because they assumed the initiative in fur- thering the interests of the association. In religious belief an Episcopalian, and senior warden of the church; member Lin- coln Lodge No. 78, F. & A. M. ; and Ver- mont Commandery of the Loyal Legion. MARSH, Edward Sprague, Brandon. Lawyer. Born Brandon, Oct. 13, 1857; son of Rodney V. and Eliza E. (Sprague) Marsh. Educated at Brandon graded school; Norwich University, class of 1878; Brown University, A. B. 1879; Columbia University Law School, 1881; and Bosr ton Univei-sity Law School, LL. B. 1882. In 1901 married Isabel Reynolds Ripley of Brandon. Admitted to the Bar of Ver- mont 1882, and the Bar of New York 1884; engaged in banking in Vermont, Kansas, and Georgia 1886-93; since 1893 has been engaged in law practice at Bran- don the greater part of the time. Has been a stockholder and officer in the Ver- gennes Electric Co. since its organization in 1891, and of the Br.andon Investment and Guarantee Co. since its organization in 1 892 ; has also engaged in real estate operations, particularly summer hotel and cottage property at Lake Dunmore; has made collection of rare books on a consid- erable scale, and as a pastime engaged in the cultivation of flowers, etc. ; was for some years interested in the mining of kaolin at Monkton; in 1894 edited and published the Brandon Chronicle, which was afterwards sold to and merged in the Brandon Union; has Contributed occasion- ^lARTIN] MEN OF VERMONT 259 1^% to magazines and other periodicals; nas travelled extensively in this country, ^urope^ Mexico, and the West Indies. Is independent in politics; has held many local offices. Was a member of the Theta Uii fraternity at Norwich University, and the Delta Kappa Epsilon at Brown Uni- versity; since 1889 has been a member of the University Club of New York. MARSHALL, Harry Dean, Canaan. Deputy collector U. S. customs. Born Wells River, June 30, 1881; son of Kim- ball and Amanda S. (Dean) Marshall. Educated in the public schools, and Wells River high school, class of 1 897. In 1 909 married Julia A. Emerson of Canaan. En- gaged in the machinist's trade, Lowell, Mass., 1897-8; returned to Wells River and worked for the Boston & Maine R. R. in the engine house at Woodsville, N. H. ; in 1899 went to Lancaster, N. H., where he was employed by the Thompson ]\Ian- ufacturing Co.; machinist in the car shops of the Rutland R. R., Rutland, 1901-5; employed as fireman by the Boston & Maine R. R. 1905-9; in April, 1909, ap- pointed deputy collector and inspector of U. S. customs, which office he still holds. Is a Republican. A Congregationalist. Member of Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M. ; and the Brotherhood of Locomo- tive Firemen and Enginemen. MARSHALL, Walter Cook Weston, White River Junction. Merchant. Born Paradise, N. S., Feb. 22, 1878; son of Melbourne E. and Lydia C. (Weston) Marshall. Educated in the public schools of his native place; removed to Boston, Mass., when 16 years of age. In 1906 married Effie M. Bishop of Williamstown, N. B.; they have two children, Dana Bishop and Mary Helen. In the insur- ance business in the maritime provinces previous to 1906, when he became general manager for northern New Hampshire and Vermont for Hallet & Davis Piano Co., with branch store at White River Junc- tion; has built up an extensive business in his territorv. Is a Republican. In re- ligious belief a Baptist. Member of the order of Masons; Independent Order of Odd Fellows; and Knights of Pythias. INIARTIN, Frank J., Barre. Lawyer, 'udge of probate. Born Washington, Oct. ig 1858; son of Kimball P. and Delana (Wiley) Martin. Educated in the public schools of Barre and Montpelier, the old Barre Academy, and Worcester (Mass.) Academy. In 1892 married Ida M. Norris of MontpeUer; they have one daughter, Katherine M. Taught school at Newton, Conn., and Williamstown; employed in dry goods store in Worcester, Mass., and Barre; began study of law with Hon. Frank Plumley in 1887; deputy county clerk 1888-90; second assistant state li- brarian 1890-4; admitted to Vermont Bar, 1890, formed partnership with Hon. Leighton P. Slack, continuing until the spring of 1895; continued practice alone until 1902, when office was closed. Asso- ciated with the Smith, Whitcomb & Cook Company until Jan. 1, 1907; resumed practice of law in Barre, October, 1907. A Republican; appointed judge of probate March, 1909, by Governor Prouty, and elected to the office in 1910; has been lister, town grand juror, and city attorney. A Congregationalist; member . Granite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M.; Granite Chap- ter No. 26, R. A. M.; St. Aldemar Com- mandery No. 11, K. T. MARTIN, James Loren, Brattleboro. United States district judge for the Dis- trict of Vermont. Born Landgrove, Sept. 13, 1846; fourth son of James and Lucy (Gray) Martin. Brought up on the farm, and at the age of fourteen was presented with twenty dollars and control of his time thenceforward. He paid his expenses at school by working on farms by the month, doing piece work in chair factories, laying wall by the rod, chopping wood and peeling bark by the cord, carrying on sugar lots "at the halves" and clearing land. His education in the public schools was supplemented by a course at South Londonderry Academy and Marlow (N. H.) Academy, in which latter institution he later became a teacher. He also taught in the public schools of Londonderry and Winhall for about six years. In 1869 married Delia E., daughter of Lewis and Mary (Aiken) Howard, who died in 1881 ; they had three children, none of whom survive. In 1884 married Jessie Lillie, daughter of Capt. Edward and Susan (LiUie) Dewey of Montpelier; they have three daughters, Margaret Susan, Helen Ruth, and Katharine Gray. In 1867 he became a law student of Judge H. H. Wheeler and pursued his legal studies as 260 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [MARTIN time and opportunity permitted. The fol- lowing year he went to law school in Albany, N. Y., from which he graduated in May, 1869, and was admitted to the Bennington County Bar the following month. He practiced law in Londonderry from that time until January, 1882, when he moved to Brattleboro, where he con- tinued the practice of law until he was appointed United States judge in October, 1906. Appointed United States attorney by President McKinley in 1898, re-ap- pointed by President Eoosevelt in 1902, and again in 1906, and was serving his third term when appointed United States judge. It will be observed that he studied law with Judge Wheeler, later was United States attorney for the District of Ver- mont where Judge Wheeler was the pre- siding judge, and at Judge Wheeler's de- cease succeeded him on the bench. For about 18 years has been director Vermont Mutual Fire Insurance Co.; director, American Fidelity Co. since its organi- zation; director National Life Insurance Co. many years; member Brattleboro school board 11 years, and still on the board; has been for about 19 years mem- ber of firm of Holden & Martin, lumber dealers, Brattleboro. Judge Martin's po- litical career began with his election to the Legislature as representative from Londonderry in 1874, which town he rep- resented for the next succeeding ten years, the last six years of which he was speaker of the house of representatives. In 1892 he represented Brattleboro in the Legis- lature, declining to be a candidate for speaker, but served as chairman of the judiciary committee and second on the ways and means committee. Was states attorney for Windham County 1874-6; commissioner of taxes under Governor Dil- lingham 1 888-90, and under Governor Ful- ler 1892-4. Judge Martin has presided at many important trials since his ap- pointment as United States judge, among them being the sugar cases, so-called. In the winter of 1907 there came to light frauds by the sugar trust against the gov- ernment on a scale bigger thali any frauds on the revenue since the whiskey frauds of a generation, ago. The government first secured restitution of over $2,000,000 and then proceeded criminally against all the living participants in the crime, who reached from dock-laborers, who worked the physical fraud, up to Charles B. Heike, the secretary and treasurer of the sugar trust. The trial of these cases had national importance, and focused national attention upon Judge Martin. The cases involved complex issues which were hotly contested by able counsel, and the trials were of long duration. Convictions were secured against all defendants (except as to one, about whom the jury disagreed). But an even more strikingly important fact, in the history of important criminal prosecutions in this country, is that all the convictions in the cases presided over by Judge Martin were sustained' on ap- peal. MARTIN, Lewis Damon, Barre. Phy- sician. Born WiUiamstown, July 10, 1868; son of Herbert P. and Maria S. (Lewis) Martin. Educated at the public schools, Montpelier Seminary, and American School of Osteopathy. In 1893 married Olive A. Farnham of WiUiamstown; they have three sons and one daughter, Ray- mond Lewis, Hildreth Farnham, Horace Proctor, and Victoria OUve. Taught school in Barre, Vt., and Wyanet, 111. In 1890 Martin & Farnham introduced the prac- tice of dehorning cattle in Vermont, and dehorned by the Haaff method several thousand head. In 1 897 took up the study of osteopathy at Kirksville, Mo. ; after graduation located in Barre, where he has been in practice 12 years. Is a Republi- can. In 1902 elected member of the board of trustees of Montpelier Seminary for a term of four years, has been re-elected for. a similar term twice since; has held the office of president and secretary of the Vermont State Osteopathic Association, and is serving his second term as secretary of the Vermont State Board of Osteopath- ic Examination and Registration. Member of the Methodist Episcopal Church; in 1901 elected a steward of the church, serving oh various committees until 1909, when he was made a member of the board of trustees. MARTIN, Luke Poland, Montgomery. Farmer. Born Montgomery, Sept. 9j 1876; son of Henry M. and Angle S. (Moore) Martin. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Montgomery ; Brigham Acad- emy, Bakersfield, class of 1894; and Emaus (Penn.) High School. In 1899 married Pearl Hodges of Enosburg; they have seven children, Richard H., Arthur ( X< •'6'/^-'/i^^-<>^ ^- /a ^t^^t .: '1 MASSEY] MEN OF VERMONT 261 D., Harvey M., Gladys E., Frank D., Ella M., and Allan H. Employed in the store of Perry Richard, Philadelphia, Pa., two and one-half years; salesman for Daley Tea Co. one year; returned to Montgomery in 1897 and started farming on the home place, continuing to date; the outputs of the farm are dairy products and maple sugar. A Republican ; has been deputy sheriff eight years; deputy fish and game warden two years. An attend- ant of the Methodist Church. MARTIN, Nathan Kingsley, Alburg. Merchant. Born Constable, N. Y., June 7, 1846; son of Jedd and Lovina (Kings- ley) Martin. Educated in the public schools of Alburg. In 1879 married Eu- genia Mott of Alburg; they have one son. Dr. Seth Hustis. Enlisted in Co. K, 11th Regiment Vermont Volunteers, Aug. 16, 1862; promoted to -2nd lieutenant; par- ticipated in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, South Side Railroad, Ear- ly's invasion of Maryland in garrison at Fort Stevens, D. C, and in battles of Winchester and Cedar Creek; mustered out July, 1865; was unable to do any work for about three years after his re- turn. In 1868 appointed inspector in custom house at port of Alburg, and held the office about 20 years; for 12 years of that time was also deputy collector of customs at the same port; in 1886 built a store and hotel known as the Lakeside Hotel, doing a merchandise business and conducting the hotel to the present time. An attendant of the Episcopal Church. Member of the Grand Army of the Re- public. MARTIN, Orlando Lewis, Plainfield. Commissioner of agriculture. Born Plain- field, April 28, 1872; son of Willard S. and Fanny (Lewis) Martin. Educated at village schools and Goddard Seminary. In 1895 married Alice Glee Kent of Ca- lais; they have one daughter, Fanny Lewis. After leaving school engaged in farming and teaching; chosen principal of Plainfield High School when it was estab- lished in 1907. Is a Republican; has been superintendent of schools for several years; moderator, auditor, and lister of town; represented Plainfield in Legisla- ture in 1908; at close of session was ap- pointed commissioner of agriculture, which office he now holds. Is a Universalist ; past noble grand of Arcadia Lodge No. 53, I. O. O. F. ; member Halcyon Encamp- ment No. 33, I. O. O. F.; past master Ivy Grange No. 386; member Wyoming Lodge No. 80, F. & A. M. MASON, Alexander C, Rutland. In- surance. Born Swanzey, N. H., Aug. 7, 1880; son of Herbert W. and Abbie Frances (Alexander) Mason. Educated at Glens Falls, N. Y. High School. In 1907 married Marie E. Ballou of Swan- zey, N. H.; they have two children, Alex- ander and Frances Olive. For the first two years after finishing school was in the dry goods business in Glens Falls, N. Y. ; was for two years engaged in the manu- facture of pails in Swanzey, N. H. ; in 1902 entered the insurance business in Keene, N. H. ; was superintendent of agencies for Peerless Casualty Co. for six years; since 1909 has held the office of secretary and treasurer of Vermont Acci- dent Insurance Co. of Rutland. Is a Re- publican; has held several minor town of- fices. A Presbyterian. Member of Monadnock Lodge No. 80, F. & A. M., of Troy, N. H. MASON, Edward Lathhop, St. Albans. Insurance. Born St. Albans, Oct. 19, 1873; son of Marshall and Elizabeth P. (Safford) Mason. Educated at St. Albans Academy, member of the class of 1893. In 1905 began work as insurance agent for the Vermont Mutual Fire Insurance Co. of Montpelier; has built up one of the largest agencies for, that company. Sergeant in Hospital Corps, Vermont Na- tional Guard, 1896-1904. Is a Republi- can; appointed notary public in 1905. Member of First Congregational Church of St. Albans. Member of St. Albans Lodge No. 31, I. O. O. F.; Columbia En- campment No. 1, I. O. O. F.; Canton Franklin No. 10; Patriarchs Militant, I. O. O. F. MASSEY, Erwin M., North Danville. Farmer. Born Irasburg, Nov. 13, 1856; son of John C. and RoseUa M. (Besett) Massey. Educated in the public schools. In 1886 married Emma K. Ganong of Carmel, N. Y.; they have five children, Helen Maude, Alice Marjorie, Archie LeRoy, Edward Maynard, and Wendell Hubert. Employed as painter for the E. and T. Fairbanks Co. of St. Johnsbury; four years master bWdge builder, and had 262 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [MATHEWSON charge of large contracts in the Southern states^ for A. P. Boiler & Co., iron bridge contractors. New York; returned to Dan- ville, where he has since followed farming. A Republican. In religious preference a Congregationalist. Member of Junior Or- der of United American Mechanics; has passed through the chairs of subordinate lodge and state council; is past state coun- cilor; at the state council session held at St. Johnsbury, October, ipiO, was elected representative to national council for four years; past councilor in Daughters of Liberty; and member of Danville Grange. MATHEWSON, Ozias Danforth, Lyndonville. Principal and superintend- ent of schools. Born Wheelock, March 10, 1864; son of Epaphras Chase and Nancy Earl (Marsh) Mathewson. Edu- cated in the village school of Wheelock, Hardwick Academy, St. Johnsbury Acad- emy, Lyndon Institute; graduated 1886, Dartmouth College, A. B. 1890, A. M. 1893. In 1891 married Angie M. Kelley of Worcester, who died 1907; in 1909 mar- ried Grace B. Hoyt of Lyndon; they have two children, Miriam Rachel and Marion Rosamond, born Aug. 14, 1910. Super- intendent of schools in Wheelock 1885-8 principal of high school, Barre, 1890-6 principal and superintendent 1895-1912 principal of Lyndon Institute since 1912. Examiner of teachers for Washington County 1894-1908; member of board of normal school commissioners 1901-8; mem- ber of state board of education (secretary and treasurer) 1908-10; president Ver- mont State Teachers' Association 1894. A Republican. A Congregationalist; chairman of business committee 1906-10. Member of Psi Upsilon and Casque and Gauntlet in Dartmouth; Crescent Lodge No. 66, F. & A. M., Lyndonville; Granite Chapter No. 26, R. A. M. ; past command- er St. Aldemar Commandery No. 11, K. T., Barre; 32 degree Scottish Rite Mason; member of Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine, of Montpelier, and the Knights of Pythias, Barre. MATSON, Alexander Henry, Bethel. Machinist. Born Cranbourne, P. Q., March 25, 1866; son of Samuel and Mar- garet (McKeage) Matson. Educated in the public schools of Vermont, and high school and technical school in Rhode Is- land. In 1895 married Mary K. Acker- man of Mansfield, O. ; they had two chil- dren, George Edmund and Marguerite lone (deceased). Learned the machinist's trade at St. Johnsbury; later in the em- ploy of Brown & Sharp, Providence, R. I., where he learned the toolmaker's trade, and was made foreman of the fine tool department; in 1892 went to Chicago and worked as toolmaker and draftsman for several years in the best shops in that city, including the Western Electric Co.; was for nine and one-half years foreman and designer with the Morse Twist Drill Co., New Bedford, Mass.; and for about two years assistant foreman in drafting room of the Lanston Monotype Machine Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; in 1907 went to Bethel and formed the Matson Machine and Tool Co., for the sale of their own inventions; president of the company since its organ- ization; inventor of the Bethel safety cut- ting-off machine, patented May, 1911, which has been sold in Melbourne, Aus- tralia, Germany, England, and Sweden; inventor and patentee of other valuable machines. Independent Republican. A Christian Scientist. Member of White River Lodge No. 90, F. & A. M. MATSON, David, Bethel. Machinist. Born Cranbourne, P. Q., 1874; son of Samuel and Margaret (McKeage) Mat- son. Educated in the public schools, and technical school, Rhode Island. In 1902 married Clara L. Greene of Woonsocket, R. I.; they have three children, Walter David, Milton Albert, and Louise Helen. Learned machinist's trade in Providence, R. I., 1890-3; engaged as toolmaker, Chi- cago, 111., 1893-6; foUowed the same occu- pation for about six years at New Bed- ford, Mass., and Woonsocket, R. I.; was also in charge of a machine shop at Wil- mington, Del., and was two years in and around Philadelphia as boss toolmaker; in 1907 went to Bethel, where he and his brother formed the Matson Machine and Tool Co. for the sale of their own inven- tions; is treasurer of said company. A Republican. Member of Christian Science Church. Member of Morning Star Lodge No. 13, F. & A. M.; Woonsocket Chapter No. 5, R. A. M.; Woonsocket Council No. 4, R. & S. M.; and Woonsocket Com- mandery, K. T. MAURICE, Melville Page, Morris- villa. Lawyer. Born Cambridge, Aug. 11, 1871; son of Daniel F. and Mary (Page) MAYNARD] MEN OF VERMONT 263 Maurice, Educated in the public schools, and a graduate of Johnson Normal School 1889. In 1900 married Lillian G. Mac- Gibbon of Jericho. Taught in village schools from graduation to 1 898 ; read law in the office of P. K. Gleed, Morrisville, and L. F. Wilbur, Jericho. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1898. Practiced law in Montgomery 1898-1907; removed to Mor- risville, where he has practiced since 1907. Is a Republican; states attorney Lamoille County 19O8-IO; re-elected I9IO. Is a member of Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M.; Lafayette Chapter No. 4, R. A. M. ; Rathbone Lodge No. 24, Knights of Pythias; grand tribune of Grand Lodge, Knights of Pythias, since 1906; member of Suadah Temple No. 140, D. O. K. K. MAXFIELD, Harry M., Johnson. Merchant. Born Fairfax, Oct. 13, 1862; son of Harry and Hannah (Prindle) Max- field. Educated in the public schools of Johnson, and Johnson Normal School,- class of 1881. In 1883 married Enna L. Phillips of Johnson; they have two children, Mae P. and Jennie E. Taught school at Johnson three years 1882-4; fol- lowed farming at Johnson until 1891, when he purchased the Andrews Bros.' store; in 1899 built a new store; in 1904 purchased the furniture business known as the Jones furniture store, which he now conducts. A Republican; represented Johnson in the Legislature 1904; has held most of the town offices; at present chair- man of the board of village trustees. Mem- ber of Congregational Church; deacon since 1907; chairman of executive com- mittee. Secretary of Waterman Lodge, F. & A. M.; member of the Eastern Star, and Modern Woodmen of America. MAXHAM, AzRO Job, Burlington. Vo- calist. Born Sherburne, Nov. 18, 1844; son of Benjamin and Minerva (Shurtleff) Maxham. Educated in the public schools and at select school. In I896 married Letitia Dorothea Burland of Port Kent, N. Y. ; they have one son, George A. Max- ham of Concord, N. H. Taught one term in district school in Stockbridge; studied vocal music with prominent teachers in Boston; taught singing school several win- ters in different sections of Vermont; was with the Estey Organ Co., Brattleboro, many years in the tuning- department; spent several seasons singing with evan- gelists in the East, and as far West as San Francisco and Los Angeles ; and made several tours in concert companies. En- listed in I86I for three years in 3rd Ver- mont Infantry; re-enlisted in February, 1865, for one year in 4th U. S. Veteran Volunteer Infantry; was with the old Ver- mont Brigade in most of the battles fought by the Army of the Potomac. Is a Re- publican; reading clerk in House of Rep- resentatives, Washington, D. C, in 51st Congress ; messenger six years ■ in House of Representatives; assistant door-keeper in U. S. Senate for past eight years,; has been engaged by national and state com- mittees as campaign singer since and in- cluding canvass of 1880. An attendant of the Unitarian Church. A Blue Lodge Mason, and member of Stannard Post, G. A. R. MAXHAM, Charles H., Pomfret. Farmer. Born Pomfret, Nov. 29, 1834; son of Judson A. and Elmira (Hawkins) Maxham. Educated in the public schools. In 1863 married Lucretia M. Roberts. Began business life by selling maps in Northern New York; engaged in lumber- ing in Norwich four years; in 1874 pur- chased the farm in Pomfret where he has since lived; is vice-president and director of the Ottaquechee Savings Bank, Wood- stock; has served as executor and admin- istrator of more estates than any other man in Windsor County. Is a Republican; has held nearly all the town offices ; rep- resented Pomfret in the Legislature 1882; has held the office of assistant judge of Windsor County continuously for 19 years, a total of 38 terms at court, having origi- nally been appointed bv Governor Fuller to fill an unexpired term. Is president of Lake Mitchell Trout Club. MAYNARD, Samuel Erskine, late of Burlington. Physician and surgeon. Born Williston, Dec. 3, 1868; died June 2, 1911 ; son of Rev. Joshua Leland and Electa (Rogers) Maynard. Educated in the public schools of Northfield and Bur- lington; two years in classical course of University of Vermont; M. D. University of Vermont, medical department, 1891. Following a year of service as house sur- geon in the Mary Fletcher Hospital, took post-graduate course , in surgery at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 264 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [MAYO New York; served upon the resident staff New York Lying-in-Hospital; subsequent- ly took special courses in the Polyclinical and Post-Graduate Medical Schools of New York, passing with credit the rigid examinations required by the regents of the State University. In 1893 served for a time as ship surgeon on Pacific mail steamship, City of Para, running to Colon, Central America; went to Burlington in fall of 1 893, where for three years he was associated with Dr. L. M. Bingham. Took post-graduate course at University of Ber- lin and Vienna, 1899-1900. In 1895 mar- ried Mattie C. Field of Cornwall; they had two daughters. Norma Field and Mar- tha Davies. In 1899 was professor of physical diagnosis and instructor in the- ory and practice in the University of Ver- mont; from 1908-11 professor of gynecol- ogy; for several years attending surgeon at the Mary Fletcher and Fanny Allen hospitals. Was division surgeon of the Rutland railroad, and surgeon of the Cen- tral Vermont Railway Co.; consultant to the Clinton County Hospital at Platts- burg, N. Y. Was a Republican. Member of the College Street Congregational Church; of Hainilton Lodge, I. O. O. F.; of the Burlington and Chittenden County Clinical Society; Vermont Medical Soci- ety; American Medical Association, and of the Lambda Iota Academic and Delta Mu Medical fraternities. MAYO, William Barnabas, North- field. Physician and surgeon. Born More- town, Jan. 3, 1854; son of Barnabas and Mary (Howes) Mayo. Educated in pub- lic schools, Randolph Normal, class of 1874, and New York Homeopathic Medi- cal College 1877. In 1878 married Emma Lynde of Williamstown, who died 1911. Has practiced medicine since 1877; a di- rector in Northfield Trust Company since 1908; director in Northfield village and Northfield graded schools. Is a Demo- crat; represented Northfield in Legisla- ture 1884, 1889, and 1900; represented Washington County in the senate 1902; in 1888 was candidate for secretary of state on the Democratic ticket. Is a Uni- tarian. A member of DeWitt Clinton Lodge No. 15, F. & A. M., having held all the offices in blue lodge. MEAD, John A. Governor 1910-12. See page 52. MEADER, Thomas A., Ryegate. Farm- er. Born Ryegate, June 3, I860;. son of John H. and Mary (Flemming) Meader; his father, who belonged to the Col. Ber- dan's sharpshooters, was killed in the bat- tle of Gettysburg. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Ryegate and Newbury Semi- nary. Mr. Meader is unmarried. Has always engaged in farming, living on the home farm; makes a specialty of raising Jersey cattle. Is a Republican; elected in 1902, and re-elected in 1904, assistant judge of county court; has been notary public and justice of the peace for I6 years; is now deputy sheriff; statistical correspondent for the U. S. Department of Agriculture; census enumerator in 19OO; has held nearly all the town offices, settled many estates, etc. Member of the Presbyterian Church of Ryegate. Member of the Knights of Pythias and the Grange, of which he was master several years. MEAGHER, William J., Bennington. J^awyer. Born Bennington, Aug. 3, 1877; son of Thomas F. and Mary K. Meagher. Educated at St. Francis de Sales School, public schools, and Bennington High School, class of 1896; studied law in the office of Barber & Darling; admitted to Vermont Bar Oct. 4, 1900, and to practice in the Supreme Court of State of Vermont Oct. 4, 1900. A Republican; corporation attorney village of Bennington 1904-6, and 1909-10 ; states attorney Bennington County since I906. Member, of Roman Catholic Church. Member of Knights of Columbus, chancellor for four years; Ben- nington Club; Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; Bennington Battle Monu- ment and Historical Association; and Ver- mont Bar Association. MEIGS, Henry Benjamin, Baltimore, Md. Insurance. Born Highgate, Nov. 23, 1844; son of Capt. Luther Meigs (a soldier of the War of 1812-14, and who was a son of Sergt. Benjamin Stone Meigs, a soldier of the Revolution) and Phebe (StockweU) Meigs, of Highgate. Edu- cated at the public schools of Highgate. In 1872 married Alvira Stanley of North Bangor, N. Y. ; they had no children. Sec- ond, married Nellie Merrifield of Colum- bia, Tenn., Feb. 17, 1909. Is the author of "Meigs Genealogy," "A History of the Meigs Family in America," and other pub- lications. Aug. 25, 1862, enlisted in Co. METZGER] MEN OF VERMONT 265 K, 13th Regiment Vermont Volunteers, and is perhaps the only man in the United States who is the sixth in regular descent who has borne arms in America, that is in the colonies or under the stars and stripes. Participated in battle of Get- tysburg; afterwards served as sergeant of Co. Dj Frontier Guards (Cav.), and as captain in Colorado and Wyoming Militia in the suppression of Indian insurrections. Especial mention is made in the History of the 13th Vermont Regiment as deserv- ing of a medal of honor for heroic conduct at the battle of Gettysburg. At the close of the war Captain Meigs went West and was engaged for a time in ranching; built and conducted the first hotel in Julesburg, Col. ; later digging gold in Wyoming. Re- turning East, he was for 14 years in the insurance business in Malone, N. Y. Re- moved to Baltimore in 1888, where, under the firm name of Meigs & Heisse, he has conducted a successful insurance agency to date. In politics an Independent; at 22 years of age was member of city coun- cil of Julesburg, Col., and returning East was receiver of taxes at Malone, N. Y. Is prominently affiliated with the Eutaw Place Baptist Church; member Custer Post No. 6, Department of Maryland, G. A. R., and an honorary member Wm. D. Brennan Post, Malone, N. Y.j of which he was five years commander. Has organized many G. A. R. posts, including every post in Clinton County, N. Y. Is member First Army Corps Association; Thirteenth Ver- mont Regiment Association ; Maryland So- ciety of the Sons of the War of 1812, and one of its counsellors; member of the Founders and Patriots of America; the Baltimore Reform League; director Flor- ence Crittenden Mission; the National Genealogical Society and one of its coun- sellors ; the Maryland Anti-Saloon League, Society of the American Revolution, and of the Vermont Society of the Colonial Wars. On July 12, 1911, in Highgate, Vt., was unveiled a most imposing monu- ment of bronze, the gift of Captain Meigs to his native town, dedicated to Highgate soldiers of all the wars, including his own soldier father and grandfather, who are buried there. MERRILL, Olin, Enosburg Falls. Banker and manufacturer. Born Plain- field, March 11, 1854; son of Peter and Caroline (Willey) Merrill. Educated at Vermont Methodist Seminary, Montpelier. In 1890 married Helen C. Whitney of BurUiigton; they have two daughters, Anna Frances and Mary Helen. Was tele- graph operator and station agent at Enos- burg Falls 1873-80, studying law mean- while with J. E. Marsh, Esq.; in 1880, with Dr. B. J. Kendall, Carmi L. Marsh, and Moses P. Perley, organized the Dr. B. J. Kendall Co. and began the manufac- ture of Kendall's spavin cure, becoming its treasurer and general manager and con- tinuing to date; president Enosburg Falls Savings Bank and Trust Co. Is a Repub- lican; second assistant clerk Vermont House of Representatives 1878-80; first assistant clerk 1882; represented Enos- burg in Legislature 1890; senator from Franklin County 1 892 ; cairman state rail- road commission 1894-7; U. S. collector of customs, district of Vermont, 1897- 1905; member Republican state committee many years, and its chairman four years. Is a Methodist; member Lincoln Lodge No. 78, F. & A. M. ; Mansfield Trout Club; and Vermont Fish and Game League. METCALF, John, Fair Haven. Edi- tor and publisher for 30 years of Fair Haven Era. Son of Walter and Harriet (Hunton) Metcalf. In 1886 married Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Dwight and Martha (Hovey) Spencer; they have four children, two daughters and two sons. METZGER, Phaser, Randolph. Clergy- man. Born Gloversville, N. Y., Oct. 25, 1872; son of Albert Henry and Catherine (Lenz) Metzger. Educated at St. Johns- ville High School, Union College, and Christian Biblical Institute; holds degrees of B. A. and B. D. In 1902 married Jessie Amy Lacy of Freehold, N. Y. ; they have two sons, Albert Lacy and Roscoe Eraser. Between his college and seminary courses, Mr. Metzger served the Christian church at Freehold, N. Y.; in 1902 was called to the pastorate of the Christian church in Randolph; interested in church unity, he brought about the union of the Congregational and Christian churches, the two largest in town, and has welded them firmly together. During his pastor- ate at Randolph was built a parish house, with gymnasium, bowling alley, and bil- liard room, for the young people, as well as dining room, reception room, etc., for the regular parish work, and containing 266 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [MILES also a commodious music hall, built and presented to the church by Col. A. B. Chandler, a native of Randolph. Is presi- dent of the Vermont Christian Endeavor Union, and the Vermont Inter-Church Federation. Member of the Delta Upsi- lon fraternity, and the Phi Beta Kappa. MILES, Charles Appleton, Brattle- boro. Educator. Born Boston, Mass., March 10, 1834; son of Solomon Pearson and Sarah Elizabeth (Appleton) Miles. Educated at Washington School, Roxbury, Mass., Roxbury Latin School, and Har- vard University, class of 1853. In 1879 married Myra Josephine Finn of New York; she died in 1881; in 1889 married Fanny Glover Train of Sheffield, Mass.; they have one son, Appleton Train. Be- gan business in Boston 1853; superin- tendent Lowell, Mass., Bleachery 1855; with Galena Steamship Co. 1857; estab- lished Burnside Military Academy, Brat- tleboro, 1858; head master Anthon Gram- mar School, New York, 1876; established Arnold School, New York, 1881. Was a Whig until I860, since then a Republi- can. A Unitarian. Member University and Harvard Clubs, New York; Harvard Club of Vermont; is past master Colum- bian Lodge No. 36, F. & A. M. ; past high priest Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, and past grand high priest of Grand Chapter of Vermont, R. A. M.; past eminent com- mander Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T. ; and past sachem Quonekacat Tribe, Independent Order of Red Men. MILES, John Fay, Hinesburg. Town clerk, retired physician and surgeon. Born Hinesburg, Jan. 22, 1820; son of Na- thaniel and Roxalana (Bishop) Miles. Educated in the public schools of Hines- burg, Hinesburg Academy, Woodstock Medical School 1839, Castleton Medical School 1842, University of Vermont M. D. 1856; honorary degree from Dartmouth College 1868. In 1843 married Fidelia Boynton of Hinesburg, granddaughter of Job Boynton, first settler in Burlington; they had four children, Mark B. (de- ceased), Charles N., Mary A., and Helen J. (Mrs. Leonard Ray of Shelburne). In active practice of medicine at Hinesburg 1843-90; sometimes called in cases to Chi- cago, Troy, and other cities; oldest physi- cian in Vermont. Medical examiner of militia for Chittenden County 1863; sent by surveyor-general of Vermont to Wash- ington in 1864, reported to U. S. surgeon- general and by him sent to Fredericksburg and Port Royal to care for the wounded soldiers of the 6th army corps. A Re- publican; town clerk, treasurer, and trus- tee 1855-65; again elected to these offices 1880, and continued to date, a total of 42 years; represented Hinesburg in the I,egislature 1862 and 1863; delegate from Hinesburg to the constitutional convention at Montpelier 1870. Member of Masonic fraternity; Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Chittenden County Medical So- ciety, and Vermont State Medical Associa- tion. MILES, WiLLARD W. Superior court judge. See page 89. MILLER, Adin Franklin, Dummers- ton. Farmer. Born Dummerston, July 16, 1850; son of Joseph and Sophia (Arms) Miller of Dummerston. Educated in the public schools of Dummerston, and sem- inary in Bernardston, Mass. In 1 875 mar- ried Hattie A. Dutton of Dummerston. Has always engaged in farming, living on the farm where his father was born. Is a Republican; represented Dummerston in the Legislature 1888; town clerk since 1901, succeeding his father who was town clerk 52 consecutive years; constable and collector of taxes 1884-1901 ; deputy sher- iff for past 14 years; is town treasurer; director of Brattleboro Trust Co.; trustee, executor, and administrator of many es- tates. A Congregationalist ; superintend- ent of Sunday school more than 15 years; clerk of church since 1898. MILLER, Edwin Haven, Dummers- ton. Farmer and musician. Born Dum- merston, Sept. 10, 1866; son of William Oscar and Julia J. (Haven) Miller. Edu- cated at Dummerston public schools and Glenwood Classical Seminary, West Brat- tleboro. In 1904 married Florence M. Sears of Boston, Mass. ; they had two chil- dren, Mary Haven (deceased) and Juli- ette Haven. Has always been engaged in farming. Has taught singing for past 20 years in Brattleboro, also in Northampton, Springfield, Athol, Mass., and Bellows Falls; instructor in vocal music at Ver- mont Academy, Saxtons River; soloist in Brattleboro Unitarian Church continuous- ly since 1888. A Republican; represented MIMMS] MEN OF VERMONT 267 Dummerston in the Legislature 1898; sen- ator from Windham County IPOO; director of town schools for several different peri- ods. A Congregationalist ; trustee of the Dummerston Congregational Church six years. Member of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M. MILLER, John Wesley, Bethel. Cler- gyman. Born Roxham, P. Q., March 31, 1869; son of George M. and Amelia (Hammond) Miller. Educated in the pub- lic schools. In 1903 married Helen L Southworth of Bethel; they have two sons John Wesley and Manuel Southworth, Taught model school department, Dan- ville (P. Q.) Academy, one year 1887 registered pharmacist in Vermont; em- ployed as drug clerk. Bethel, I89I-I9OI pastor Methodist Episcopal Church, Beth- el, 1901-12; newspaper correspondent many years. A Democrat; town superin- tendent of schools. Bethel, 10 years pre- vious to 191O; member village school hoard three years ; represented Bethel in the Legislature I9O8 and 1910; president White River District Sunday School As- sociation 12 years; president Bethel Li- brary Association 10 years. MILLS, George Sherman, Benning- ton. Clergyman. Born Copake, N. Y., Feb. 24, 1868; son of Rev. George Addison and Sarah (Sherman) Mills. Fitted for college at Albany Academy and Schuyler- ville, N. Y., High School; graduated from Dartmouth College, A. B. 1890; winner of prizes in English composition, Greek, and oratory, commencement speaker ; mem- ber of the Phi Beta Kappa Society, Theta Delta Chi fraternity, and Casque and Gauntlet Senior Society. Professor of English in Colgate Academy, Hamilton, N. Y., 1 890-3 ; student in Hamilton Theo- logical Seminary 1892-S, graduating from Andover Theological Seminary, class of 1895. In 1895 married Kate Gage Vose of Calais, Me. ; they have two children, Charles Sherman and Alice Goodnow. Pas- tor of First Congregational Church, Bel- fast, Me., 1895-1904; of Second Congre- gational Church, Bennington, since 1904; president of Vermont Congregational Con- ference 1910-11 ; Vermont commissioner of New England Congregational Congress 1909-12; trustee of Vermont Domestic Missionary Society; president of board of managers of Bennington Free Library. An independent Republican. MILNE, George Brown, Barre. Gran- ite manufacturer. Born Corrennie, Aber- deenshire, Scotland, Dec. 31, 1857; son of James and Anna (Dickie) Milne. Edu- cated in the parish schools of his native place. In 1888 married Caroline Bell Jones, daughter of John and Amanda (Reed) Jones, of Barre; they had two children. Justice J. (deceased), and G. Edmund, born Oct. 15, 1900. The young- est of a family of 15 children, George B. Milne, when 15 years old was apprenticed to a stone cutter at a salary ranging from 30 shillings to 8 pounds for 10 periods of six months each, mastering every detail of the trade and becoming an expert work- man. Came to Boston, Mass., in 1880, where he cut stone for two years ; engaged with U. S. engineers in canal construction on the Tennessee river in Alabama, and in Graniteville, Mo. ; subsequently return- ed to Fox Island, Me., and came to Barre in 1884, where he performed journey work two years; in partnership with W. S. Wylie (Milne & Wylie) in granite busi- ness, 1 886-95, firm being succeeded by Milne, Clarihew & Gray. In August, 1905, was formed the firm of Boutwell, Milne & Varnum (James M. Boutwell, George B. Milne and Harvey W. Var- num), one of the largest granite produc- ing firms in America. Mr. Milne is a Re- publican, and a Presbyterian; member Granite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M.; Gran- ite Chapter No. 26, R. A. M.; St. Aide- mar Commandery No. 11, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine. MIMMS, John Henry, Burlington. At- torney at law, and court reporter. Born Southwark, Surrey, England, Feb. 19, 1853; son of James and Ann (Winfield) Mimms. Educated at the Queen Eliza- beth Chartered School, Southwark, Sur- rey, England, and St. Bride's Institute, London. Came to United States in 1874 and located at St. Albans. In 1882 mar- ried Leonora Campbell Huntington of Springfield, 111. Studied law in St. Al- bans with Davis & Stevens, and at Colum- bia Law School, New York. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1882; official court reporter since 1876, appointed by Judges Homer E. Royce and H. Henry Powers; official 268 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [MINARD reporter, Vermont House of Representa- tives 1884, 1886, 1890, 1892, and 1894; Senate reporter in 1896; in 1909 removed to Burlington, having been given the offi- cial reportership of Chittenden County in place of Franklin County; secretary Ver- mont Bar Association since 1890. Mem- ber of the National Guard 20 years; pri- vate in Ransom Guards, St. Albans; lieu- tenant and captain of Co. B; major and lieutenant colonel 1st Regiment; served as such with regiment in Spanish-American War; had command most of the time, while Colonel Clarke commanded battalion or was absent sick; was promoted colonel and chief of staff to Governor Stickney 1902. Is a Republican; has held some minor offices. Member of the Protestant Episcopal Church. Member of Franklin Lodge No. 4, F. & A. M., of St. Albans; Champlain Chapter No. 1, R. A. M. ; past commander Lafayette Commandery No. 3, K. T.; member of Owl Club of St. Albans; Ethan Allen Club and Algonquin Club of Burlington. MINARD, Will Frank, Waterbury. Physician and surgeon. Born Hinesburg, May 13, 1867; son of Roswell Mason Bill and Maranda (Kenyon) Minard. Edu- cated at Hinesburg public schools; Bristol Academy; Green Mountain Seminary, Waterbury Center; began study of medi- cine with Dr. G. E. E. Sparhawk, Bur- lington, 1884; graduated from Hahne- mann Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa., 1887, with degree of M. D. In 1886 mar- ried Clarissa C. Smith of Waterbury Cen- ter; one daughter. Marguerite Maranda. Practiced with Dr. G. E. E. Sparhawk of Burlington 18 months; removed to Water- bury 1889; has since practiced there; was health officer IS years; has opened a sana- torium there. Secretary of Vermont State Homeopathic Medical Society several years, and instrumental in having its first transactions published; president of the above society 1894^; on board of medical censors several years. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Unitarian. A mem- ber of Alhambra Encampment No. 20, I. O. O. F.; and Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M. MITIGUY, Wilfred Edward, Enos- burg Falls. Merchant. Born Samsonville June 28, 1878; son of Andrew and Eloida (Reeves) Mitiguy. Educated at Enos- burg Falls High School. In 1904 married Lillian Maxine McCarthy of Barre. Clerk for M. P. Perley & Co. 1895-1902, when he formed partnership with Mr. Perley, carrying a line of clothing, men's furnish- ings, boots and shoes; in 1907 the store was burned, when they erected the Perley block, where they have since occupied a store. A Roman Catholic. Chief ranger of Catholic Order of Foresters. MONTGOMERY, Marshall, St. Johnsbury. Retired lawyer. Born Walden, March 26, 1839; son of Sereno and Han- nah (Foster) Montgomery. Educated in the public schools of Walden, and Peach- am Academy, graduating in class of 1859. In 1873 married Flora Sibley of Laconia, N. H. ; they had two daughters, Mary (died in infancy), and Grace E. Read law with Bliss N. Davis, Danville; ad- mitted to the Vermont Bar 1869; states attorney Caledonia County 1884-6; ref- eree in bankruptcy 1 900- 10, when he re- tired on account of ill health. Enlisted May 15, I86I, in the 3rd Vermont Regi- ment, Co. G; was promoted Nov. 21, 1863, to the captaincy of Co. D, 10th U. S. Regiment of colored troops, and served continuously until May 17, 1866, when he was discharged at Galveston, Texas; his term of federal service was five years and two days, the longest record of any man in Vermont; was in all the battles of the 3rd Vermont for two and one-half years, and in two engagements with the 10th col- ored regiment. Is a Republican; served on school committee for several years. Member of South Congregational Church. Member of Chamberlain Post, G. A. R., of which he was at one time commander. MOODY, George Eugene, Waterbury. Promoter and farmer. Born Waterbury, rl^'^A^lt^' '°" °^ ^^°^ge W. and Lucia (Eddy) Moody. Educated in the public schools of Waterbury and People's Acad- emy, MorrisviUe In 1866 married Alma Huse of Waterbury, who died in 1905; they had two children, Inez Eugenia (de- ceased) and Mark Huse. Began farming under an indebtedness for his farm, later buying and shipping all kinds of live stock and produce; purchased timber lands and mills and manufactured and sold lum ber, later turning attention to development of water powers for electricity; with Ge H. Almon of Montpelier (Moody & ^I MORRILL] MEN OF VERMONT 269 mon) afterward incorporated as the Wa- terbury Light & Power Co., being presi- dent and treasurer and majority owner of stock; was prime mover in developing the Bolton Falls water power, selling out to Consolidated Lighting Co.; also with Mr. Almon developed the water power on Mad river which turns out 1,500 horse power for manufacture of electricity; was a pro- moter of the Mt. Mansfield Electric Rail- road; promoter and a commissioner of Waterbury water system; promoter and builder Waterbury opera house, graded school building, and Methodist Church, being member of building committee; a large contractor in building the Vermont State Hospital for the Insane; built the first large stone shed in his town, and the only brick manufacturing plant in the town; has engaged in farming meanwhile, and takes pardonable pride in his dairy of 160 Holstein cows. Is a Republican; first selectman six years; lister several years; water commissioner eight years; and library and cemetery commissioner six years ; represented Waterbury in the Leg- islature 1886 and IQOO; senator from Washington County 1906, serving as chair- man committee on corporations and mem- ber of committees on insane, state and court expenses, and railroads. Is a Uni- tarian. MOODY, Mark H., Waterbury. Post- master. Born Waterbury, May 11, 1876; son of George Eugene and Alma (Huse) Moody. Educated at Montpelier Semin- ary, a graduate of the class of 1898. In 1900 married Lucy Helen Gafiield of Bradford; they have two children, Ruth Inez and Marion Huse. Is a Republican; postmaster since 1898. In religious be- lief a Methodist, steward of the church. Member of Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M. ; in summer conducts the Winnisi- quam Camp for boys on Lake Champlain, where during July and August of each year many city lads are received. MOORE, Charles H., Springfield. Merchant. Born Plymouth, Oct. 8, 1864; son of Levi B. and Mary (Hall) Moore. Educated in the public schools and Ver- mont Institute. In 1887 married Mary Burke of Springfield; they have one son, Edmund Burke. Commenced mercantile life as clerk in 1880; has been in his pres- ent business since 1888, when he succeed- ed to the clothing business of O. M. Dou- bleday and the shoe business of E. B. Cook. A Republican. A Universalist. Past master St. John's Lodge No. 41, F. & A. M.; past high priest Skitchewaug Chapter No. 25, R. A. M.; past worthy patron Ramona Chapter, Eastern Star; member Springfield Council No. 18, R. & S. M.; Holy Cross Commandery No. 12, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; and past noble grand Springfield Lodge No. 42, I. O. O. F. MORGAN, David Llewellyn, Rut- land. Superintendent Vermont House" of Correction. Born Boston, Mass., Oct. 30, 1846; son of David and Marianne Lincoln (Pierce) Morgan. The family moved to Minneapolis in 1856. Educated in the public schools of Boston and Minneapolis. In I869 married Mary Elizabeth Sargent of Boston; they had two children. Bertha Marion and Raymond Lincoln (deceased). Came to Rutland 1870; engaged 15 years in the shoe business, and eight years in merchant tailoring; since 1893 has been superintendent of the House of Correction, Rutland. Enlisted at age of 17 as recruit in 1st Minnesota Volunteer Infantry in March, 1864, serving until close of war; was in the battle of Cold Harbor, Va. ; siege of Petersburg, 10 months; battles of Boydton Plank Road, Va. ; Hatcher's Run, Va. ; and the last campaign ending with Lee's surrender at Appomattox; was pro- moted, to regimental quartermaster ser- geant, and commissioned 1st lieutenant just before discharge. Is a Republican; served on Republican committee of Rut- land and of Rutland County; was chair- man of town committee several years ; was trustee of Rutland village; justice of the peace; was judge advocate general Ver- mont National Guard, and on staff of Gov- ernor Prouty; is colonel and chief of staff under Governor Mead. Is a member of the Methodist Church, trustee 38 years, superintendent of Sunday school eight years. Commander of Roberts Post, G. A. R.; has been department inspector and department commander. Department of Vermont, G. A. R.; is member of Knights of Pythias. MORRILL, Charles Henry, Bakers- field. Educator. Born Boston, Mass., Nov. 11, I86I; son of William Bradbury and Annie Louise (Eads) Morrill. Edu- cated in public schools of Newton and Mil- 270 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [MORSE ford, Mass.; one year at Harvard College; three years at Dartmouth College, gradu- ated with degree A. B. 1888. In 1888 married Cora Vinal Chase of Mansfield, Mass. Before completing college course served as principal of a grammar school at Milford, Mass., and as principal of Wilton (N. H.) High School. Since grad- uating, as principal Haverhill (N. H.) Academy, two years; Brigham Academy, Bakersfield, 1890-1903; State Normal School, Randolph, 1903-11; and Brigham Academy since fall of Ipll. Instructor in . University of Vermont summer school 1909 and 1910. A Republican; a Congre- gationalist; deacon of First Church, Ran- dolph Center, 1903-11; active member since 1890 of State Teachers' Association, and of the Vermont School Masters' Club, having served as member executive com- mittee and president in both organiza- tions; member of Phi Beta Kappa of Dartmouth College. MORSE, Dana Holley, Randolph. Farmer. Born Braintree, Feb. 11, 1837; son of Ira and Loretta (Jones) Morse. Educated at the public schools. West Ran- dolph Academy, and Green Mountain In- stitute, South Woodstock. In 1864 mar- ried Emma Thayer of Randolph; they had three children, Cassius T. (deceased). Belle T. (Mrs. Arthur M. Vaughan), and Mary Emma (Mrs. Edward H. Mason). Went to California in 1859, where he was engaged in farming, school teaching and press reporting. Randolph has been his home since 1844, excepting the California sojourn; returned to Randolph in 1863; taught school many winters in early life; principal occupation has been farming. Life member and former president State Dairymen's Association; director Ran- dolph National Bank; president and di- rector Randolph Co-operative Creamery Association; director and for many years president Dog River Valley Fair Associa- tion. A Democrat prior to Lincoln's sec- ond election to the Presidency, since then has affiliated with the Republican party. Has held office of town agent, overseer of the poor, school director, and town and county committeeman; member State Board of Agriculture eight years; repre- sented Randolph in the Legislature 1904; assistant judge of Orange County court 19O8 to date. Member Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows, and has filled or had the opportunity to fill most of the chairs in the above named societies. MORSE, George W., Waterbury. Law- yer. Born Duxbury, March 23, 1 847 ; son of Truman and Mary (Stickland) Morse. Educated at Waterbury High School. In 1882 married Ella F. Joslyn of Water- bury; they had one daughter, Florence F. Mrs. Morse died in 1888; in I896 he mar- ried Nellie C. Haselton of Moretown. Began the study of law with C. F. Clough, Waterbury. Admitted to the Vermont Bar 1881; has since been engaged in law practice in Waterbury; admitted to prac- tice in United States Courts ; and has been intrusted with the management of many large estates. Is a director in Waterbury National Bank. Is a Republican; has been town treasurer eight years; village treasurer six years; lister twelve years; president of village of Waterbury four years; was postmaster four years, being , appointed by President Cleveland. Is an attendant of the Methodist Church. Mem- ber of Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M. MORSE, Joseph Edward, Springfield. Contractor and builder. Born West Stewartstown, N. H., July 23, 1858; son of Charles L. and Christina (Terrill) Morse. Educated in public schools. In 1900 married Mrs. Etta Cutler of Spring- field; was engaged in farming for some years; in 1880 engaged in the lumber busi- ness, continuing to date; in 1895 took up the business of contractor and builder in Springfield. Mr. Morse is a Democrat, and in religious belief is a Universalist. MORTON, Henry G., St. Albans. Born Salisbury, Sept. 13, 1829; son of Gen. James L. and Maria (Manning) Morton. Educated in the public schools. In 1855 married Hannah L. Blake of Milton; they had eight children, six living, Leonard J., Carroll H., F. B., Arthur. O., Louise Grace (Mrs. Nelson Weeks, Boston), Mary C. (Mrs. George Webster, Berlin, Germany). In his youth Mr. Morton worked at farm- ing; later took up the painting business, which he followed for 20 years; in 1868 went into the clothing business, which he sold out after a few years; bought large tracts of land in Avery Gore and engaged in the lumber business for a number of years; now in village real estate. A Democrat; has held minor town offices. Member of St. Luke's Episcopal Church; MOULTON] MEN OF VERMONT 271 vestryman most of the time for over 30 years ; now senior warden. MORTON, Levi Parsons, New York City. Former vice-president of United States, and former governor of New York. Born Shoreham, May 16, 1824; son of Rev. Daniel Oliver and Lucretia (Par- sons) Morton. Educated at Shoreham Academy; received LL.D. from Dart- mouth College 1891, and Middlebury Col- lege 1892. Governor Morton married twice; to Lucy Kimball, who died in 1871 ; in 1873 married Anna Livingston Street; they had five children, four of whom are living; Edith Livingston, (Mrs. Wm. Corcoran Eustis) ; Helen, who married the Comte de Perigord, now Due de Valencery; Alice, (Mrs. Winthrop Ruth- ford), and Miss Mary Morton. Engaged in mercantile business; at age of 20 be- gan business in Hanover, N. H., continu- ing five years. In 1849 became connected with James M. Beebe & Co., Boston, as clerk; joined firm later as partner, and five years later went to New York and established wholesale dry goods house of Morton & Grinnell. In 1863 established banking firm of Morton, Bliss & Co. ; founded banking house of Morton, Rose & Co., London. He drove the first rivet in the Bartholdi Statue of Liberty En- lightening the World, and accepted the completed work for his government; rep- resented the United States at the Paris Electrical Exposition; honorary commis- sioner o.f the United States to Paris Ex- position, 1878; president and director Fifth Avenue Trust Company and direc- tor Bank of Commerce, of the Equitable Life Assurance Society, of the Home In- surance Company; of the Washington Life Insurance Company, and the Guaranty Trust Company. Is a Republican ; member Forty-sixth and Forty-seventh Congresses ; declined Republican nomination for vice- president at Chicago Convention in 1880; subsequently given choice between place in the Cabinet as Secretary of State, Sec- retary of the Navy or the French mis- sion, and chose the latter, serving from 1881 to 1885; vice-president of the United States 1889 to 1893, and governor of New York 1895 to 1897. Member New England Society; Sons of the American Revolution; the Colonial Society of American and Mayflower descendants; al- so member of the Union League, and Lawyers' and Republican Clubs. Country home, EUeslie, Rhinecliff, Rhinebeck-on- Hudson, N. Y.; residence, 681 Fifth Avenue, New York City. MOULTON, HosEA Ballou, Wash- ington, D. C. Lawyer. Born Concord, June 28, 1843; son of Capt. David and Harriet (Hale) Moulton. His father served in the war of 1812; his grand- father, Noah Moulton, Jr., served three enlistments in the War of the Revolution, and was with Col. Prescott at Bunker Hill; his maternal grandfather, Thomas Hale, Jr., was a lieutenant in the Revo- lutionary Army. In 1864 married Annie Reese of Washington, D. C, who died in 1890; in 1892 married Elma Saunders, of Laural, Md. He has six children, Clar- ence E., Irvin Ballon, Milfred L., Ray- mond Wilson, Frank A., and Elma Saunders . Moulton. When a small child his parents moved near Fairfax Court House, Va. ; in December 1858 he went to Nelson, Cheshire County, N. H., and was employed in the postoffice and store, meanwhile attending the local academy, until Aug. 15, 1862, when at the age of 17 he enlisted in Co. B, 2nd Regiment New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, and was engaged with his regiment in opera- tions in Northern Virginia, Maryland, and the Gettysburg campaign in Penn- sylvania; he participated in the second battle of Bull Run; many skirmishes along the Orange and Alexandria Rail- road; twice wounded in the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., remaining in the line until the action was over; was with his regiment at Gettysburg, which charged through and held the peach orchard, los- ing about three-fifths of the regiment's entire command; later receiving the shock of Pickett's charge. Was mustered out of service at Point Lookout, Md., Dec. 10, 1863, by request of his widowed mother, then in decline of life. He located in Washington, D. C, again entering the U. S. service at the arsenal, remaining there until the close of the war ; ' was foreman of the laboratory, and when not 20 years of age had charge of 500 em- ployees engaged in making ammunition for the army. In June, 1864, he was in the room when an explosion occurred and in which 23 young women were burned to death, the only one to escape being rescued by him; he was terribly burned 272 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [MOULTON and confined to the hospital for months. Thereafter he was employed in the treas- ury department^ and while there took up his study at Columbia College; later stud- ied law and graduated from the National University 1872^ with degree of LL. B. ; thereafter the degree of LL. M. from Grant Memorial University, Knoxville, Tenn., and a year later, LL. D. from the same university were conferred upon him. After graduation he resigned from the treasury department, and in 1874 he was appointed one of the judges in the Dis- trict of Columbia, serving nearly five years, when he resigned and resumed the practice of law, in which he has been eminently successful, attaining a high standing in his profession. A Eepubli- can; at one time a Prohibitionist, serving on national committee; was a candidate for Congress from the 6th Maryland dis- trict; also candid.ate for attorney-general of Maryland. He is a member of Burn- side Post No. 8, G. A. R.; a 83rd degree Mason; a member of the Methodist Epis- copal Church for 40 years. Office, Wash- ington Loan and Trust Building, Wash- ington, D. C; residence. No. 1524 9th St. N. W., Washington, D. C. MOULTON, Sherman Roberts, Bur- lington. Lawyer. Born New York City, June 10, 1876; son of Clarence Freeman and Annie Jane (Roberts) Moulton. Ed- ucated at Randolph High School; Dart- mouth College A. B. 1898; Law School of Harvard University LL. B. 1901. In I906 ■ married Stella Allen Piatt of Burlington; they have one son, Horace Piatt. Stud- ied law in the office of Hon. Joseph D. Denison, Randolph; admitted to Vermont Bar October, 190I, standing first in class of students; assistant attorney Rutland Railroad Co., Rutland, 1902-3; with Townsend & Avery, attorneys. New York City, 1903; member firm of Cowles & Moulton & Stearns, 1911-12; withdrew from the firm 1912 and established law office of his own; delegate to American Conference of Criminal Law and Crimi- nology, Chicago, June, 1909; member of committee on professional conduct, Ver- mont Bar Association 1 908-11, chairman 1911. A Republican; member Republican city committee, Burlington, 1910-12 chairman 1911-12; city grand juror, Bur- lington, 1911-12. Member College Street Congregational Church. Member Wash- ington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M.; Ethan Allen Club; Vermont Bar Associa- tion; Chittenden County Bar Association; Harvard Law School Association; Dart- mouth Alumni Association of Vermont; Harvard Club of Vermont; and Selden Society, of England. MOWER, Edmund Curtis, Burlington. Lawyer. Born Morristown Feb. 22, 1869; son of Marshall Curtis and Lois Maria (Pollard) Mower. Educated at People's Academy, University of Vermont, class of 1892, and University Law School, New York, class of 1896. In 1897 married Maud Evelyn Dodds of Burlington; they have three children, Edmund Curtis, Mar- shall Ellis, and Evelyn. Admitted to Ver- mont Bar I896; was municipal judge, Burlington, 1905-11; trustee of Univer- sity of Vermont from 1907; vice presi- dent Burlington Tjrust Co. and trustee of Fletcher Free Library from 1910. Is a Republican; was states attorney for Chit- tenden County 1900-2. Is a Unitarian. A member of the Ethan Allen Club. MUDGETT, Henry Edwin, Johnson. Farmer. Born Westford, Sept. 1, 1838; son of John and Harriet (Starkweather) Mudgett. Educated in the public schools of Westford and Underbill, select school at Westford Center, and Underbill Flats Academy. In 1865 married Abbie Whit- ing Burnham of Johnson; they have eleven children, James Vernon, Frank Harvey, John Curtis, Belle Maria, Fred Herman, Forest Henry, Perley Urban, Ernest Her- bert, Arthur William, May Eliza, and Josie Ella. Enlisted Aug. 27, 1862, as private in Co. E, 13th Vermont Regiment Volunteer Infantry; mustered into serv- ice Oct. 10, 1862; did picket duty at Cen- terville, and Occoquon River; was in the battle of Gettysburg; mustered out of service July 21, 1863. Is a Republican; has done some campaign work, and been interested in the Republican party for the past 40 years. A member of no church, but liberal in his religious views. MUDGETT, William Chauncey, Cam- bridge. Farmer. Born Cambridge, July 20, 1863 ; son of Edward Payson and Har- riet (Chase) Mudgett. Educated in the public schools and Morrisville Academy. In 1886 married Lillian Nora Montague of Grand Rapids, Mich.; they had two children. Hazel Edwina (deceased) and NEWTON] MEN OF VERMONT 273 Dorothy Lillian. Was clerk in general store previous to 1882, when he purchased a farm which he has since conducted. Is a Republican ; represented Cambridge in the Legislature 1908; has been lister two termSj selectman one term, justice of the peace since 1910. Past master of War- ner Lodge No. 50, F. & A. M. ; past worthy patron, Mansfield Chapter No. 45, ' O. E. S. ; member Jeilersonville Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. MUNSON, LovELAND. Supreme court judge. See page 87. MURPHY, Thomas H., Burlington. Hotel keeper. Born Burlington, Feb. 13, I860; son of Patrick and Ann (Hogan) Murphy. Educated in the public and parochial schools of Burlington. In 1889 married Mary A. Barnard of Johnson. Began work as driver of a team for Shep- ard & Morse Lumber Co.; later was en- gaged 10 years in E. B. & A. C. Whiting's brush factory, and two years in door fac- tory of Morgan Bros; engaged in the gro- cery business, and later conducted a cigar store on Church street, Burlington; was at Hotel Burlington billiard room two years and at City Hotel three years; in 1893 bought the Sherwood House, enlarg- ing it to a seven-story building of 200 rooms. Is a Democrat; member of the Roman Catholic Church. Member of American Order of Foresters, No. 5; Champlain Lodge No. 7, K. P.; Benevo- lent Protective Order of Elks; Fraternal Order of Eagles; and Lake Champlain Yacht Club of Burlington. NAYLOR, William Henry, Isle La Motte. Merchant. Born Isle La Motte, Nov. 22, 1870; son of Harry and Emily (Boodreau) Naylor. Educated in the pub- lic schools of Isle La Motte. In 1892 married Millie LaBombard of Isle La Motte; they have four children, Ernest A., Hattie E., William J., and Cornelius R. From 1887-94 was employed on a freight sailboat on Lake Champlain; clerk in store of Lieutenant-Governor Fisk, at Fisk, Isle La Motte, 1904; in 1904 pur- chased the old Lyon's store at Isle La Motte village, doing a general merchandise business to date; assistant postmaster since 1905. A Democrat; selectman one year; town treasurer for past four years. Member of Roman Catholic Church. Mem- ber of Swanton Court No. 470, Catholic Order of Foresters. NEWCOMB, Leo A., Montpelier. Physician. Born Waterbury Center, Feb. 22, 1 877 ; son of Eliakim Allen and Ellen Almira (Smith) Newcomb. Educated at Green Mountain Seminary, and University of Vermont, M. D. 1901. In 1901 mar- ried Lucy Jane Hutchins of Montpelier. Has practiced medicine since 1901 ; is at- tending physician Heaton Hospital. Is a Republican. A CongregationaUst. Mem- ber of Washington County and Vermont State Medical Societies ; Montpelier Coun- try Club ; Apollo Club ; Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M.; King Solomon Chapter, R. A. M.; Montpelier Council, R. & S. M.; Mt. Zion Commandery No. 9, K. T.; and Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. NEWELL, Fred Rising, Brattleboro. Dentist. Born Shelburne, Dec. 12, 1879; son of Henry Nelson and Florence Louise (Angier) Newell. Educated Rutland pub- lic schools and Rutland English and Clas- sical Institute; and in dentistry at Uni- versity of Maryland, Baltimore. Began practice in Chester 1903, coming to Brat- tleboro 1907. Is a Republican; an Epis- copalian. Member Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M. ; Skitchewaug Chapter No. 25, R. A. M. ; Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; and Vermont Wheel Club. NEWTON, Harvey Putnam, Panton. Farmer. Born Ferrisburg, April 28, 1854; son of Joseph and Marian (Allen) New- ton. Educated in the common schools of Ferrisburg and Vergennes High School. In 1886 married Agnes Charlotte Graves of Ferrisburg; they have two children, Harold Clare and Cecil Lamson. Fol- lowed occupation of farmer and dealer in stock at Ferrisburg until 1907, when he purchased the Herrick Stevens farm in Panton, where he has since resided. A Republican; has held nearly all the of- fices in the gift of his native town; rep- resented Ferrisburg in the Legislature 1898; since moving to Panton has held the office of lister and selectman. Member of Methodist Episcopal Church, and Ver- gennes Grange No. 406. NEWTON, Sewell, Johnson. Farmer. Born Johnson, Feb. 9, 1836; son of 18 274 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [NICHOLS Luther D. and Harriet (Baker) Newton. Educated in the public schools. In 1858 married Frances E. Hayford of Johnson; they had seven children, Vernon S. (de- ceased), Berton E., Minnie E., Leon M., Carroll S., Inez E., and Guy A. In ad- dition to farming, Mr. Newton engaged in the retail meat business several years, and had charge of the Cambridge stock yards and bought and shipped cattle ex- tensively. Is independent in politics; represented Johnson in Legislature 1892; has been justice of the peace 10 years; for many years lister, overseer of the poor, road commissioner; and has held other of- fices in the gift of the people. Member Waterman Lodge No. 83, F. & A. M., of Johnson; and the Grange. NICHOLS, Dayton L., Roxbury. Mer- chant. Born Warren, June 24, 1848; son of Lorenzo and Lydia Nichols. Educated in the public schools, and a graduate of Randolph Normal School. In 1870 mar- ried Lucy Van Deusen of Warren; they have two children, Ada F. and Stanley D. Engaged in farming and lumbering for some time; has conducted a general mer- chandise store for 24 years ; has been post- master at Roxbury for 17 years. Is a Republican; has held offices of selectman, town school superintendent, school direc- tor, trustee of public money, and lister. Has been a Mason for 42 years. NICHOLS, George Gates, White River Junction. Merchant. Born Con- cord, N. H., July 13, 1871; son of Lovell Wilson and Emeline Webster Nichols. Educated at Concord, N. H., graded schools, and White River Junction High School. In 1909 married Ethel Gertrude Watson of Concord, N. H. ; they have one son, Laurence Watson. At age of 19 in shipping department of White River Pa- per Co., continuing two years; traveling salesman, same company, 1892-1902; one of the directors since 1899, and president of the company since May 31, I9II. A Republican. In religious preference a Methodist. Member of United Brethren Lodge No. 21, F. & A. M.; the Iroquois Club, and White Mountain- Travelers' As- sociation. NILES, Albert A., Morrisville. Law- yer, town clerk, and treasurer. Born Mor- ristown. May 28, 1 845 ; son of Salmon and Anna A. (Cooke) Niles. Educated in the public schools of Morristown; Peo- ple's Academy, Morrisville; and Univer- sity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. In 1872 married Clara Minnie Bradley of Johnson; they have three children. Lulu Anna (Mrs. A. W. Spaulding), Ila May (Mrs. J. F. Jackson), and Logan A. At the age of 17 years, on June 1st, 1862, enlisted in Co. H, 9th Vermont Infantry; promoted corporal Jan. 27, 1 863 ; sergeant Feb. 1, 1864; 1st sergeant Oct. 9, 1864; first lieutenant April 12, 1865; discharged June 22, 1863; participated in battles of Harper's Ferry, Newport Barracks, N. C, Chapin's Farm, Fair Oaks, Va., and the fall of Richmond. Returned from the war in poor health and unable to work; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1870; was in the office of M. O. Heath of Johnson 1870-1; opened law office in Morrisville with Hon. Geo. W. Hendee, November, 1871; has since lived in town; secretary Lamoille County Fair Association 25 years from 1872; justice of the peace since 1890; town lister nine years; town and village clerk and treasurer since 1900; secretary People's Academy; collector of grammar school rents since 1879; president and trustee incorporated village of Morrisville. Is a Republican; states attorney 1872 to 1874; county commissioner six years, 1878 to 1884. Member of Methodist Church, and one of the stewards since 1872; sec- retary and treasurer 12 years; Sunday school superintendent 1872 to 1885; pres- ent secretary of board of stewards. Mem- ber Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M., and secretary for many years; member Tucker Chapter No. 15, R. A. M.; La- moille Commandery No. 13, K. T. ; Mt. Sinai Temple No. 3, A. A. O. N. M. S.; post commander 9 years James H. War- ner Post No. 4, G. A. R., and its adjutant 24 years; adjutant-general department of Vermont 1893-1903; senior vice-com- mander 1904; aid-de-camp on staffs of national Commanders Black, Lawler, and King; delegate-at-large to national en- campment held in Rochester, N. Y., 191I. NOLAN, Daniel Joseph, Burlington. Physician. Born Burlington, March 10, 1877; son of John and Catherine (Pow- ers) Nolan. Educated in the parochial schools and St. Joseph's College, Burling- ton; Burlington High School; University of Vermont, medical department, M. D. NORTON] MEN OF VERMONT 275 1904. A Democrat; member department of health. A Roman Catholic; member Knights of Columbus, Ancient Order of Hibernians, Fraternal Order of Eagles, Burlington and Chittenden County Clini- cal Society, and Vermont State Medical Society. NORTHROP, Peter Bent Brigham, Fairiield. Farmer. Born Fairfield, April 22, 1856; son of Jonathan and Deborah Fay (Mitchell) Northrop. Educated in the public schools of Sheldon, Goddard Seminary, Barre, graduating in the class of '83, and Columbia Law School, Wash- ington, D. C. In 1891 married Kate Fletcher of Jeffersonville ; they have three children, Mary Fletcher, Consuelo Ber- tina, and Frederika Brigham. Owing to poor health gave up the study of law and adopted the occupation of farming, pur- chasing a worn-out farm in 1888; a pio- neer in the use of dynamite for clearing stone, and by a judicious rotation of crops, etc., he now has an up-to-date farm of 250 acres in Fairfield and another in Fletcher, having 15,000 maples thereon. Constructed first piece of telford road in his section, largely at his own expense. Originally a democrat, but has of late affiliated with the Republican party; has repeatedly held important offices in Shel- don and Fairfield, being chairman of board of selectmen in latter town for past 10 years ; represented Fairfield in the Legis- lature 1900, where he introduced and car- ried through a resolution making appro- priation for erection of a tablet upon the birthplace of the late President Arthur, purchasing the site and donating it to the state. In religious preference an Episco- palian; member of Vermont Dairymen's Association since 1890, and at present time its auditor; charter member Vermont Sugarmakers' Association, having been on various committees, its vice-president, and at present time its auditor. NORTON, George Madison, Hunting- ton. Merchant and farmer. Born Hun- tington, Dec. 19, 1858; son of Solomon R. and Columbia C. (Ballou) Norton. Educated in the public schools and Green Mountain Seminary. In 1881 married Etta Morrill of Huntington, youngest daughter of Geo. H. and Julia (Doty) Morrill; they have two children, Forest M. and Greta W. Engaged in farming with his father for five years; conducted a creamery 20 years ; in the mercantile busi- ness under firm name of Norton & John- son for five years ; now owns a farm of over 500 acres with a sugar orchard of 3,000 trees. Is a Republican; has held practically every office in the gift of the town; represented Huntington in the Leg- islature 1896; chairman of committee on agriculture, and member of committee on claims; in 1898 was door-keeper of the House; represented Chittenden County in the Senate 1910, member, of committees on claims, highways and bridges, and in- ternal improvements. Is a member of the Baptist Church. Past master of North Star Lodge No. 12, F. & A. M., of Rich- mond. NORTON, Nathan A., Lyndonville. Lawyer. Born Glover, Sept. 21, 1865; son of Elijah A. and Dolly M. (Abbott) Norton. Educated in the public schools, Johnson State Normal School, class of 1888, and Michigan University, class of 1895. In 1907 married Viola Robinson of P'letdier; they have two children, Elijah Guy and Dorothy M. After graduating from the normal school taught school four years in Glover, later studying law with Hon. E. A. Cook at Newport; was ad- mitted to the Vermont Bar, and practiced law in Glover five years; in I9OO came to Lyndonville and engaged in practice; one of the law firm of Cook & Norton since 1909. Is a Republican. In religious be- lief a Universalist. Member of Crescent Lodge No. 66, F. & A. M., of Lyndon- ville; Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Knights of Pythias; Red Men; Junior Order of United American Mechanics; Modern Woodmen of America; and In- dependent Order of Foresters. NORTON, Romeo A., Huntington. Farmer. Born Huntington, Jan. 15, 1851; son of Solomon R. and Columbia C. (Bal- lou) Norton. Educated in the public schools. In 1876 married Anna E. Bick- ford of Huntington, who died in 1899;. they had five children, Ernest G., Bertha C, Martha M., Hobart J. M., and Anna. In 1902 married Nellie M. Buzzell of East Barrington, N. H. Has always en- gaged in farming, with the exception of a short time spent in mercantile business; has been correspondent for the Burlington Free Press and Bristol Herald for 15 276 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [NOYES years. A Republican; has held most of the town offices; selectman three years'; lister 1895-8, and again in 1909, holding the office at the present time; first con- stable and collector five years; deputy sheriff of Chittenden County 16 years; high bailiff of Chittenden County 1 5 years, holding the office at the present time; member of Republican town committee six years; moderator several years; repre- sented Huntington in the Legislature 1910. Member of the Free Baptist Church; warden and superintendent for 20 years. Member of Modern Woodmen of America. NOYES, A. Barber, St. Johnsbury. In- surance. Born Hyde Park, Jan. 13, 1857; son of Lucius H. and Diadamia J. (Smal- ley) Noyes. Educated at Lamoille Cen- tral Academy, Hyde Park, and People's Academy, Morrisville. In 1879 married Emily Boles of St. Johnsbury; they had five children, Barbara and Agnes (de- ceased), Leigh, Isabel, and Noel. Moved to St. Johnsbury 1 873 ; with Joel Fletcher until 1879; assistant cashier First Nation- al Bank until 1883; in office of E. and T. Fairbanks and Co. until 1887; in business for self since 1887; member investing board Passumpsic Savings Bank since I889. Is a Republican, and a Congrega- tionalist. Member, of Passumpsic Lodge No. 27, F. & A. M.; a Knights Templar and member of the Mystic Shrine; has been secretary of nearly all the local Ma- sonic bodies, and treasurer of all. NOYES, Eugene Hamilton, Sharon. Farmer. Born Tunbridge, Jan. 29, 1856; son of Washington M. and Lucy (Pool) Noyes. Educated in the public schools of Strafford and Sharon. In 1878 married NeUie J. Hart of Sharon; they have two children, Jennie E. and Ralph E. Came to Sharon when 10 years of age, where he has since resided; now breeder of pure bred live stock at his home. Breezy Hill Farm. Active in the formation of Sharon Co-operative Creamery Association; direc- tor in same since its organization, and its treasurer since I906. A Republican; has served as member of school board and selectman; member Republican town com- mittee. A Congregationalist; charter member Sharon Lodge No. 105, F. & A. M.; member Sharon Grange, Patrons of Husbandry. NOYES, Marcellus Chandler, Shar- on. Merchant and live stock dealer. Born Tunbridge, Aug. 4, 1853; son of Washing- ton M. and Lucy (Poole) Noyes. Edu- cated in the schools of Strafford. In 1880 married Sarah E. Howe of Sharon; they have two daughters, Lucy (Mrs. Chas. H. Barrett of Sharon), and Mary C. Learned the trade of blacksmith, which he followed for some time; later became a live stock dealer on his own account, and a member of the firm of Badger & Noyes, general merchants. A Repub- lican; has served 14 years as selectman, and for a longer period as overseer of the poor; represented Sharon in the Legisla- ture 1906; member of committees on railroads and highways; in I907 ap- pointed state supervisor of highways for Windsor County, since holding the office. A Congregationalist, member of the prud- ential committee of his home church. NOYES, Orrin Elmer, Springfield. Merchant. Born Weathersfield, Feb. 4, 1856; son of Oliver and Caroline S. (Gates) Noyes. Educated in the public schools. In 1896 married Julia Fellows of Torrington, Conn. Began business life by learning the trade of tailoring, con- ducting a tailoring shop in Springfield up to 1905, since when he has engaged in the mercantile business, keeping a five and ten cent store. Is a Republican. A Con- gregationalist. A member of Springfield Lodge No. 42, I. O. O. F.; Eagle Encamp- ment No. 22, I. O. O. F. NOYES, Ward R., Brattleboro. Physi- cian and surgeon. Born Sutton, Nov. 17, 1870; son of Moses W. and Frances E. (Richardson) Noyes. Educated at Lyn- don Institute, Lyndon Center; New York Homeopathic Medical College and Hos- pital, 1896; Grace Hospital, New Haven, Conn.; New York Ophthalmic Hospital. In 1899 married Maud S. Huntley of Lyndonville; they have one son, Leighton Helmuth. Practiced medicine at Burke 1897-1906; located at Brattleboro 1907, as specialist in diseases of eye, ear, nose, and throat; is ophthalmologist at Brattle- boro Memorial Hospital. Member Ver- mont State Homeopathic Medical Society; Windham County Medical Society Medi- ^'t^^^d"',?'^*''^'"'"' and'veJltt State Medical Society. Is a Republican- was superintendent of schools, member of school board, and health officer for sev O'NEILL] MEN OF VERMONT 277 eral years in Burke. Is a Baptist. Mem- ber Caledonia Lodge No. 98, F. & A. M.; past noble grand Alpine Lodge No. 28, I. O. O. F.; member Oasis Encampment No. 5, I. O. O. F. NUTTING, Wilson Draper, Brandon. Merchant. Born Bakersfield, July 3, 1865; son of Frank G. and Axa D. (Kim- ball) Nutting. Educated in the public schools and Brigham Academy, Bakers- field. In 1886 married Nellie E. Morgan of St. Albans. In 1881 entered the store of L. J. Morton, St. Albans, as clerk; since 1888 has been in business for himself in a department store, Brandon. Director in First National Bank, Brandon; presi- dent board of directors Brandon Inn Co., and director Brandon Free Public Library. A Republican; received the appointment of aide-de-camp with the rank of colonel on the staff of Governor George H. Prouty, Oct. 8, 1908. An attendant of the Congregational Church. NYE, Benjamin F., Highgate Center. Retired farmer. Born Sheldon, Feb. 7, 1837; son of Nelson and Eliza (Fair- banks) Nye. Educated in the public schools. In 1861 married Helen M., daughter of William and Judith (Buzzell) Randall of Franklin; she died in 1883; they had four children, B. Emmett, Bea- trice E. (Mrs. Elmer E. Smith, Swanton), Blanche E. (Johnson Normal 1904), and Lymford O., manager Highgate Foundry Co. In 1885 married Martha, daughter of T. B. and Eliza (Nye) Foss of St. Albans. Began active business life by purchasing 50 acres of land, the nucleus of what is now known as the B. F. Nye farm of about 300 acres of the most pro- ductive soil in Franklin County, now occu- pied by his youngest son, L. O. Nye ; later purchased a home in Highgate village, where he now resides. A Republican; grand juror 1882; lister 1883-7; select- man 1889-91, and 1894; game warden since the enactment of protective game laws; appointed deputy collector of cus- toms during President Harrison's admin- istration, serving many years. A Meth- odist; agent and trustee of the church; member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and the Grange. OBER, J. Howard, White River Junc- tion. Chief of police. Born Seal Cove, Tremont, Me., Oct. 11, 1869; son of Al- bert E. and Eldora R. (Flye) Ober. Edu- cated in the public schools of Tremont, Me. In 1890 married Maude S. Stanley of Brooklyn, N. Y.; she died 1898; they had two daughters, Gladys E. and Eldora R.; in 1901 married Inez K. Cressy of Glenburn, Me. Was employed for a time by the Maine Central Railroad; in 1900 went to Hopedale, Mass., and learned the machinist's trade, later being employed at Pittsfield, Mass., and Claremont, N. H.; was chief of police at Claremont, N. H., 1906-11; in 1911 removed to White River Junction, where he has filled the same office to the present time. Is a Republi- can. In religious belief a Universalist. Member of the Order of Elks ; Knights of Pythias; and Independent Order of Odd Fellows. O'CONNOR, Frank H., Brattleboro. Surgeon. Born Keeseville, N. Y., Sept. 15, 1870; son of David and Katherine (Tay- lor) O'Connor. Educated at University of Vermont; Dartmouth College; Long Island College Hospital; School of Phil- osophy, M. D. 1898. Began practice at Bellows Falls 1898; in Brattleboro since 1904. Surgeon Boston & Maine Railroad, Brattleboro Memorial Hospital; medical examiner Mutual Life, Equitable Life, L. C. B. A. and Knights of Columbus. President Valley Fair Association; mem- ber of the Congress of Clinical Surgeons of North America ; Windham County Med- ical Society; Connecticut Valley Medical Association, and Vermont State Medical Association. A Democrat; Roman Catho- lic; member of Knights of Columbus, and Vermont Wheel Club. OLMSTED, Samuel N., Morrisville. Farmer and mechanic. Born Elmore, March 12, 1832; son of Harry and Ayer (Spofford) Olmsted. Educated in the public schools. In 1867 married Ellen L. Camp of Elmore; they had three children, Bertha Ellen, Carrie May (deceased), and George Newton. Mr. Olmsted is grand- son of Seth Olmsted, who with James Olm- sted, was one of the first settlers of the town of Elmore. He is a Republican; has filled nearly aU the town offices; rep- resented Elmore in the Legislature 1884. In religious preference is a Universalist. O'NEILL, James P., Northfield. Cath- olic clergyman. Born Richmond, Jan. 25, 1868; son of Thomas and Bridget (Burke) 278 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [ORMSBEE O'Neill. Educated at Richmond High School; St. Joseph's College, Burlington j and Grand Seminary, Montreal, P. Q. Assistant priest in Montpelier, Burling- ton, Bennington, West Rutland, Rutland, and at present pastor in Northfield. ORMSBEE, Ebenezer J. Governor 1886-88. See page 47. ORTON, Gardner L., Burlington. Merchant. Born Hardwick, Aug. 16, 1872; son of Lyman S. and Ellen (Ste- vens) Orton. Educated at Hardwick pub- lic schools, and Craftsbury Academy, Craftsbury. In 1896 married Lelia E. Teachout of Hardwick; they- have four sons, Kenneth Fair, Lyman Ross, Paul Loveland, and Carleton Bond. Lived on farm until the age of 20 years, when he was employed as clerk in the general mer- chandise store of J. H. McLoud Co. of Hardwick four years, and for McAuslan Co., the Boston Store, Burlington, six months ; in partnership with M. H. Teach- out purchased the general store at North Calais which they conducted five years; employed two and one-half years as trav- eling salesman for Foley & Co., Chicago, 111., selling specialty line through south- ern states; two and one-half years as clerk for Perley E. Pope Co., Montpelier, and three years as traveling salesman for. Cal- lender, McAuslan & Troup Co., wholesale dry goods. Providence, R. I. ; he then took the management of the Combination Cash Store, Burlington, which he has continued to date. A Republican. Member of the Baptist Church, and United Commercial Travelers' Association. ORVIS, Albert Charles, Manchester. Manufacturer. Born Manchester,, Aug. 7, 1863; son of Charles Frederick and Laura Ellen (Walker) Orvis. Educated at com- mon schools and Burr and Burton Semi- nary. In 1906 married Elmina Anna Simpson of Hoosick Falls, N. Y. Associ- ated with his father in the manufacture of fishing rods and in the hotel business. A Democrat; auditor for village of Man- chester; represented Manchester in the Legislature 1910. ORVIS, Charles Frederick, Man- chester. Manufacturer, hotel keeper. Born Manchester, June 19, 1831; son of Levi Church and Electa Sophia (Purdy) Orvis. Educated at public schools and Burr and Burton Seminary. In 1855 married Laura Ellen Walker of Manchester; they had four children, Mary EUen, Frederick Charles (deceased), Robert Judson, and Albert Charles. Has manufactured fish- ing tackle since 1856; in drug business at Manchester 1860-9; practiced dentistry 1 867-79 ; proprietor Elm House, a summer hotel, 1871-83, and Orvis Cottage, a sum- mer hotel, 1883 to date. Has been health officer, chief engineer fire department, chairman prudential committee fire dis- trict of Manchester; village trustee seven years. A Democrat; postmaster at Man- chester eight years. Member Ancient Free and Accepted Masons. ORVIS, Daniel H., Lincoln. Lumber- man, merchant, and farmer. Born Starksboro, Jan. 3, 1842; son of Joel and Lois Batty (Lamos) Orvis. Educated in Starksboro public schools. In I860 married Lavina Huntington Elliott of Lin- coln; they had three children, Elmer Ells- worth (deceased), Frank H., and Charles M. Has always followed farming; was engaged in mercantile business for 28 years ; was in the lumber business in South Starksboro 15 years; owns about 1,000 acres of land in Lincoln, Starksboro, and Avery Gore, and deals extensively in live stock; was resident of Starksboro until 1911, when he removed to Lincoln, pur- chasing the A. T. Morgan farm. Is a Republican ; represented Starksboro in the Legislature 1898; was for many years postmaster at Starksboro, and held nearly all the town offices. Is a member of the religious Society of Friends. ORVIS, Edward Church, Manchester. Born Whitinsville, Mass., May 18, 1858; son of Franklin Henry and Sarah (Whit- in) Orvis. Educated at Burr & Burton Seminary, Manchester, and WiUiston Sem- inary Easthampton, Mass. In 1883 mar- ried Mary Lowe Woods of Boston; they w^.^'^V^^'^r"' Edna May and Sarah Whitm^ Brought up in hotel business with his father m the Equinox House at Man- chester; in hotel office at the Putnam House, Palatka, Fla., 1875-84- with younger brother had management ' of the New Putnam House, Palatka, winters of 1889 and 1890; later was manager of the Equinox at Manchester, and treasurer of the Equinox Co.; retired from active busi- PAGE] MEN OF VERMONT 279 ness in spring of 1909; now living on farm. Trustee Burton fund, and Mark Skinner Library; trustee and treasurer Dellwood Cemetery Association, and Man- chester Soldiers' Monument Association. Is a Republican; 1st selectman, Manches- ter, seven years; represented Manchester in the Legislature 1890; senator from Ben- nington County 1908; president board of trustees, village of Manchester 1901-12. A Congregationalist ; trustee of Burr fund. OSGOOD, Frederick Luke, Saxtons River. Physician and surgeon. Born Chit- tenden, Sept. 27, 1872; son of Willard W. and Louise M. (Thornton) Osgood. Prepai-atory education at Castleton Nor- mal School; New York University; gradu- ated University of Vermont, medical de- partment, M. D. 1894. In 1903 married Blanche M. Osgood ; they have two daugh- ters, Doris and Lena. Graduated in medi- cine at the age of 21 years, the youngest in a class of 53 ; began practice with Dr. A. A. Haig at Springfield, continuing one year, when he moved to Saxtons River, where he has since been engaged in a gen- eral practice of his profession. Member of American Medical Association; Ver- mont Medical Society; Connecticut River Valley and Windham County Medical So- cieties. A Republican. In religious pref- erence a Baptist. Member of Masonic fraternity; past grand Saxtons River Lodge No. 33, I. O. O. F. ; and member Vermont Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows. OSGOOD, Herman M., DanviUe. Hotel proprietor. Born Walden, April 6, 1867; son of John S. and Mary S. (Perkins) Osgood. Educated in the public schools. In 1888 married Corrilla M. Bovee of Danville. Worked on a farm until the age of 23, when he was employed by the St. Johnsbury and Lake Champlain Railroad for five years; is now the proprietor of what is known as the Elm House, which he conducts largely for city boarders dur- ing the summer season. Is a Democrat. Deputy sheriff, deputy fish and game war- den, constable and collector. A Meth- odist. Past Master of Washburn Lodge No. 92, F. & A. M. ; member of the Cale- donian Forest and Stream Club, and its auditor. O'SULLIVAN, Daniel E., Winooski. Village clerk and grand juror. Born Ban- try, Cork, Ireland, May 3, 1866; son of Timothy and Mary (Kane) O'Sullivan. Educated in the public schools, Burling- ton Business College and St. Louis Acad- emy. Is a Democrat; chairman of Demo- cratic town committee 20 years; deputy collector of customs under President Cleveland's last term; selectman; justice of the peace; trustee Winooski graded schools nine years; president of Winooski Free Library. In religious belief a Ro- man Catholic. O'SULLIVAN, Daniel Joseph, St. Al- bans. Clergyman. Born Winooski, Jan. 14, 1853; son of John and Margaret (Mc- Avoy) O'Sullivan. Educated in the paro- chial schools of Winooski and Burlington; entered Montreal College September,, 1865, at 12 years of age, graduating June, 1 872 ; entered theological seminary, Mon- treal, September, 1872; ordained to Cath- olic priesthood Dec. 21, 1876. Assistant pastor at Brandon for four years, with charge of missions at Leicester, Orwell, and Shoreham; rector of St. Anthony's parish. White River Junction, 1880-2, with charge of parishes at Windsor, Woodstock, Wells River, and Ely Mines. In 1882 traveled extensively in Europe, the Holy Land, and northern Africa. Upon his return was assistant rector at St. Mary's Cathedral, Burlington. Sep- tember, 1884, opened St. Joseph's College for boys at Burlington; directed that insti- tution for seven years; in 1891 appointed by Bishop de Goesbriand as irremovable rector of the church of the Immaculate Conception at St. Albans; has built new rectory and a large and well equipped Catholic school building; is a strong advo- cate of the parochial schools. Represented St. Albans in the Legislature in 1904 and 1906; was largely instrumental in the drafting of the present Vermont local op- tion law; has been in great demand as preacher, lecturer, and memorial day ora- tor. In the famous Ely miners' riot in 1883, when the state militia was called out. Father O'Sullivan gave material help to Governor Barstow in suppressing the disturbance and interceded so effectually for the imprisoned rioters as to obtain their release without a trial. PAGE, Carroll S. See page 48. Governor 1890- 280 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [PAGE PAGE, Frank M., Groton. Lawyer. Born Topsham, Sept. 23, 1845; son of Benjamin and Betsey (Frost) Page. Ed- ucated in the public schools and Barre Academy, graduating in 1870. In 1876 married Laura E. Wrinkle, who died May 20, 1884; they, had three children (de- ceased), Leslie W., Harlan Roscoe, and Roy Manard; in 1885 married Rosalie Wrinkle; they have one son, Harold Ray- mond, who was chosen postmaster in 1911- Admitted to Vermont Bar, 1873. Is a Republican; represented Groton in the Legislature 1876; town clerk and treas- urer since 1898; elected assistant judge of Caledonia County in 1908, and re-elect- ed 1910, still holding the office; has held many other town offices. Member of Cale- donia Bar Association. PAGE, Guy Milton, Burlington. Law- yer. Born Jeffersonville, May 15, 1886; son of Joel W. and Elizabeth (Elam) Page. Educated at Bristol High School; University of Vermont, A. B. 1907; and Boston University Law School, J. B. (with honors) 1910. Studied law with Messrs. Darling & Mower, of Burlington, in addition to law school course ; connected with the office after admission to the Bar, though maintaining office and practice under own name. A Republican; assistant secretary State Senate since 1908; has held some minor local offices. Member of Alpha Tau Omega Fraternity, at Univer- sity of Vermont; and the Algonquin Club, of Burlington. PAGE, Jasper G., Bristol. Lawyer. Born Lincoln, Dec. 2, 1874; son of Ezra V. and Cleora C. (Guindon) Page. Edu- cated in the public schools of Lincoln; grammar school at Centerville, R. I. ; Bee- man Academy, New Haven; Albany Law School, Albany, N. Y. ; and studied law with Davis & Russell of Middlebury; ad- mitted to Vermont Bar Oct. 9, 1908. In 1910 married Adah M. Hewett of Bristol; they have one son, Hewett Ezra. Opened a law office at Bristol Nov. 1, 1908, where he has since been engaged in law practice. A Republican. A Congregationalist. A member of Libanus Lodge, F. & A. M. PAGE, Russell Smith, Hyde Park. Merchant and farmer. Born Hyde Park, April 19, 1877; son of Carroll Smalley and Ellen Frances (Patch) Page. Edu- cated at Lamoille Central Academy, Hyde Park; Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass.; and University of Vermont, class of 1899- Is president of the Morrisville Calf Skin Co., secretary and director of the Hyde Park Warehouse Co., director in the La- moille County National Bank, and La- moille County Savings Bank and Trust Co. Is a Republican; member of Repub- lican county committee, and its secretary; trustee of public money for town of Hyde Park, and town auditor since 1903; rep- resented Hyde Park in the Legislature 1910, chairman of committee on temper- ance, member of committees on banks and manufactures. A Mason, Odd Fellow; member Ethan Allen Club of Burlington. PAIGE, LaForest James, Burlington. Secretary, collector and solicitor. Born North Pomfret, Aug. 22, 1852; son of James Harvey and Calista Catherine (Brown) Paige. Educated in the public schools of Pomfret and Bethel. In 1880 married Mrs. Carrie Fay (Corey) Dutton of Randolph. Engaged in farming until about 30 years of age; 1873-4 traveled in New England for Elbridge E. Bailey & Co., Boston; in 1874 appointed agent for the publishing house of Fowler & WeUs Co., phrenologists. New York, which agency he still holds; with Bailey's Music Rooms, Burlington, 1880-91, and 1896-9, with Hudson Brothers Music Co. 1889-90; engaged in the music business for himself for five years, 1891-6, since which time he has conducted the business of collector and solicitor. Member Methodist Episco- pal Church. Mr. Paige has always been identified with temperance work in Ver- mont; worthy chief templar of old Acadia Lodge, O. O. G. T., Randolph, 1880-1; is past worthy patriarch of Burlington Division, Sons of Temperance, and past worthy grand patriarch of the Grand Di- vision, Sons of Temperance of Vermont; organized the Vermont Anti-Saloon League 1898, and was its secretary 1898-9; past master Burlington Lodge No. 100, F. & A. M. ; served as junior steward 1896-8, and has been secretary since 1899; became a S2nd degree Mason in 1 895 ; was cap- tain of the guard 1899-1900; master of ceremonies 1898-9; has been secretary of all four bodies of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, two of which are state bod- ies, since 1901 ; received the grades in Star of Bethlehem Conclave No. 1, Red PARKER] MEN OF VERMONT 281 Cross of ConstantinCj in 1900, and has been its recorder since 1901 ; grand re- corder of the Grand Imperial Council Red Cross of Constantine and appendant or- ders of Vermont since June, 1901. PALMER, Cornelius S., Burlington. Lawyer. Born Underhill, Nov. 2, 1844; son of Jonah Ferris and Chloe (Mead) Palmer. Educated at Underhill Academy. In 1870 married Annie R. Fassett of Jeri- cho, who died 1901 ; they had two chil- dren, Chloe E. (deceased) and Louie E.; in 1905 married Mary K. Marshall of New York City. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1 870 ; practiced law in Jericho previous to 1882; Sioux Falls, S. D., 1888-1901 ; since 1904 has been one of the law firm of Palmer & Foster, Burlington. Was a pri- vate in Co. F, 13th Vermont Infantry; in the battles of Gettysburg, Fairfax Court House, and Stuart's Raid in 1863. Is a Republican; states attorney Chittenden County 1876-7; represented Jericho in the Legislature 1880; assistant U. S. attor- ney for Dakota Territory 1882-4; asso- ciate justice of Supreme Court of Dakota 1884-8; member of state Senate, South Dakota, 1896-7. Is a Congregationalist. Past master McDonough Lodge No. 26, F. & A. M.; past high priest Sioux Falls Chapter R. A. M., South Dakota; past eminent commander Cyrene Commandery No. 2, K. T., Sioux Falls, South Dakota; member of the Algonquin Club; and the Green Mountain Club. PALMER, George W.,Jonesville. Man- ufacturer. Born Richmond, Dec. 19, 1853; son of Symeon Dana and Rosemond (Bes- sey) Palmer. Educated in the public schools. In 1880 married Lettie AUce Kennedy of Duxbury ;-they had three chil- dren. May Floss, Ruth Rosemond (de- ceased), and Marjorie Zoe. At age of 14 began work for H. H. Frary in his spool and variety turning works in Jones- ville, continuing until 1894, when he pur- chased the plant, which he now operates, employing 20 men the entire year. A Republican. Member of Congregational Church. Chaplain North Star Lodge No. 12, F. & A. M. ; member of Friendship Chapter No. 62, Order of Eastern Star. PARKER, Benjamin P., Waterbury Center. Clergyman. Born Kittery, Me., May 16, 1835; son of Benjamin G. and Hannah S. ( Willey) Parker ; when he was two years old, his parents removed to Newburyport, Mass., where he received his education in the public schools and high school; at the age of 15 was clerk in a store in Dover, N. H., and at l6 bookkeeper for a merchant in Newbury- port, Mass.; re-entering the high school, and serving as assistant teacher while pur- suing his studies. In 1858 married Katie McGinley of Bangor, Me., daughter of Rev. Edward McGinley; they had four children, Benjamin A., Isaac W. (de- ceased), Harriet L., and Frank E. Mr. Parker taught school several years in Maine and Massachusetts; served several years as chairman of school committee in Gorham, Me., and Hopkinton, N. H. In 1859 he united with the Free Baptist Church in Greenwood, Me.; ordained Jan. 18, I860; first parish was at New Glou- cester, Me.; in 1862 removed to Kittery, Me., where for six years he was employed in the ordnance department of the Navy Yard; supplied Baptist pulpits during this time, and was for several years super- intendent of the Kittery Point Sunday school; has had pastorates at Gorham, Buxton Center, North Berwick, and West Falmouth, Me., Candia Village, Contoo- cook, and Center Sandwich, N. H., Cen- terville, N. S., East Randolph, Sheffield, Newport Center, and North Danville; in 1909 removed to Waterbury Center, where he has since been pastor of Waterbury Center and Little River Free Baptist churches; has been member of the Gen- eral Conference of Free Baptists, and held many offices in societies of the de- nomination; is clerk and treasurer of Ver- mont Yearly Meeting of Free Baptists, and president of its ministers' conference. A Republican. PARKER, Charles, Montpelier. Pub- lisher. Born Bradford, July 1, 1884; son of Harry Elwood and Annie (Weston) Parker. Educated at Bradford Academy, and Eastman Business College, Pough- keepsie, N. Y. Mr. Parker is unmarried. Is treasurer and manager of Capital City Press; Is a Republican. In religious be- lief a Congregationalist. Member Ver- mont Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F. ; Mt. Zion Commander, K. T.; Montpelier Lodge No. 924, B. P. O. E.; Mount Sinai Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine ; Apollo Club ; Montpelier Country Club; and Auto Club of Vermont. 282 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [PARKER PARKER, Charles Edmond, Ver- gennes. Manufacturer. Born VergenneSj Feb. 21, 1839; son of William Tarbell and Henrietta (Miller) Parker. Educated at B. B. Allan's private school, under whom he fitted for college; entered Nor- wich University Military School 1856, and Dartmouth College 1858, graduated I860. In 1866 married Agnes Warren Ripley of Rutland; they have one daughter, Grace Agnes. Was a manufacturer of doors, sash and blinds for several years; is now president of Vergennes Electric Co. En- listed in 7th Vermont Regiment at the time of its organization; was appointed adjutant to Colonel Roberts, and after his death at Baton Rouge was put in command of Co. E. A Republican; mayor of Ver- gennes; superintendent of schools; repre- sented Vergennes in the Legislature 1894; secretary and treasurer of the board of trustees of Bixby Memorial Free Library, the building for which is now being erect- ed. Member of St. Paul's Protestant Epis- copal Church, Vergennes, and its senior warden; served as delegate to the general convention for four terms of three years each; member of the missionary board of the diocese; trustee of Vermont Episcopal Institute. Member of Ethan Allen Post, G. A. R.; Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, and the So- ciety of the 19th Army Corps; the Theta Chi fraternity of Norwich University, and Delta Psi fraternity of Dartmouth Col- lege. PARKER, Harry C, Johnson. Manu- facturer. Born Johnson, April 5, 1864; son of Cyrus H. and Rebecca Elizabeth (Brown) Parker. Educated in the pub- lic schools, and Johnson Normal School. In 1888 married Mamie E. Ober of Eden; they had five daughters, Ruth E., Ruby M., Rachel A., Rena M., and R. Grace. In 1884 went to Minneapolis, Minn., and was employed as clerk for C. G. Palmer & Co., wholesale fruit dealers, and later in a grocery establishment; in 1887 formed partnership with E. G. Wing in the grocery business, under the firm name of Wing & Parker, continuing one year, when he sold out and returned East. In 1891 formed partnership in the lumber business with Fred M. Ober of Eden; in 1884 the mill burned, it was rebuilt and Mr. Ober's interest bought out; in 1900 the mill again burned and was rebuilt the same year; in 1900 pur- chased the Leland starch factory in Johnson and converted it into a sawmill, soon after forming a partnership with Hon. Charles H. Stearns, under firm name of Parker & Stearns; in 1904 pur- chased the sawmills and hardwood floor- ing mill with land in Hyde Park and Eden; in 1905 moved the hardwood floor- ing mill to St. Johnsbury, continuing two years; in 1907 built new flooring mill at Johnson, moving the machine from St. Johnsbury, continuing in the business to the present time, and handling about five million feet of dressed lutnber a year. While a resident of Eden served two years as selectman; since locating in Johnson has been first selectman two years, and represented Johnson in the Legislature 1908. Member of Masonic Fraternity, Knights of Pythias, Modern Woodmen of America, and Junior Order United American Mechanics. PARKER, Harry Elwood, Bradford. Editor and publisher. Born Lyman, N. H., June 11, 1853; son of Charles and Amelia (Bennett) Parker. Educated at public schools, and Lisbon (N. H.) Acad- emy. In 1873 married Anne M. Weston of Nashua, N. H.; they have four chil- dren, Katherine Louise, Sarah Knowles, Charles, and Levi. Studied music and at age of 16 was leader of a military band . at Marion, Va. ; learned printer's trade ; established Lisbon (N. H.) Globe 1881; moved to Bradford and consolidated the rival papers of the place and established the United Opinion, continuing it to date; president Parker Young Co., Lisbon, N. H. ; Capital City Press, Montpelier; manager Montpelier. Daily Journal; ex- president Vermont Press Association. A Republican; engrossing clerk New Hamp- shire House of Representatives 1878-80; postmaster, Bradford, 1890-4; aide-de- camp, with rank of colonel, on staff of Governor Fuller, 1893-4; member Repub- lican state committee 1894, and vice-presi- dent National Republican League. A Ma- son, Knight Templar, Shriner; member Royal Arcanum; Independent Order of Odd Fellows (lodge and encampment) ; secretary Grand Lodge of Vermont for 20 years; trustee Vermont Odd Fellows Home; member Montpelier Country Club. PARMELEE, Edward Jones, Enos- burg Falls. Expert accountant. Born PEASE] MEN OF VERMONT 283 Gouverneurj N. Y.^ July 2, 1857; son of Dr. Simeon Lewis and Sarah (Jones) Parmelee. Educated at Gouverneur Wes- leyan Seminary, and Claverack College and Hudson River Institute. In 1878 married Lillian A. Hughes of Watertown, who died May, 1889; they had two children, Edward Simeon and May Lillian (Mrs. Seth C. Towle) ; in December, 1889, mar- ried Annette Watson of Burlington. Was accountant for Norris, Winslow & Co., Watertown, 1877-8; Davis Sewing Ma- chine Co. 1878-82; Household Sewing Ma- chine Co., New York, 1882-S; in 1883 came to Enosburg Falls and organized an accounting system for Dr. B. J. Kendall; 1884-5 head book-keeper Davis Sewing Machine Co.; 1885-6 special work for H. H. Babcock Buggy Co., Watertown, N. Y. ; 1886 returned to Enosburg Falls, tak- ing a position with the Dr. B. J. Kendall Co., and has since been in their employ, at present as secretary. Is a Republican; was town auditor 1 years ; auditor village corporation 19 years; and school auditor 17 years. Is a Methodist; member of offi- cial board, finance committee, and auditor- Member of Lincoln Lodge No. 78, F. & A. M., Enosburg Falls. PARMENTER, George Harvey, Montpelier. Physician. Born Montpel- ier, July 21, 1876; son of George W. and Jane (Sanders) Parmenter. Educated at Montpelier High School, Montpelier Semi- nary, and University of Vermont, medical department, 1902. In 1905 married Lil- lian E. Vail of Worcester. Interne Mary Fletcher Hospital, Burlington, 1902-4; city physician, Montpelier, since 1905; pathologist Heaton Hospital and practiced medicine in Montpelier since 1904. Is a Republican; a Methodist; a member of the Vermont Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F., noble grand 1908; Thomas Wildey En- campment No. 11, chief patriarch 1911; Ivy Rebecca Lodge No. 24 ; member of Grand Lodge of Vermont, I. O. O. F., and of Washington County and Vermont State Medical Societies, and American Medical Association. PATRICK, John S;, Burlington. Mer- chant. Born Hinesburg, Sept. 26, 1853; son of Rufus and ArabeUe (Knox) Pat- rick. Educated in the public schools, God- dard Seminary, and Bfyant and Stratton Business School, Boston. In 1874 mar- ried Florence C. Andrews of Hinesburg; they have two children, Roy L. and Flora B. (Mrs. Morse). Clerk in L. Andrews' store, Hinesburg, 1875-81; member of firm of Reed & Patrick, Hinesburg, 1881- 91; since 1892 secretary and treasurer of the G. S. Blodgett Co., plumbing supplies, etc., Burlington; director in Chittenden County Trust Co. since its organization. A Republican; constable, collector of taxes, and deputy sheriff in Hinesburg. A Unitarian. Member of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. ; Burlington Chapter No. 3, R. A. M. ; Burlington Com- mandery No. 2, K. T.; Cairo Temple, Mystic Shrine; a 32 degree Scottish Rite Mason; and member of the Ethan Allen Club. PEASE, Clifford Atherton, Burling- ton. Physician and surgeon. Born Jeri- cho, July 8, 1874; son of Frank W. and Ellen M. Pease. Educated at Burlington High School; medical department, Univer- sity of Vermont, class of 1899; house sur- geon at Mary Fletcher Hospital 1900; and post-graduate work at Vienna. In 1911 married Mary Stewart Stranahan of St. Albans. Instructor in neurology and medicine. University of Vermont, 10 years; clinical assistant to chair of clini- cal surgery; attending surgeon to the Mary Fletcher and Fanny Allen Hospi- tals; division surgeon for Rutland Rail- road Co. ; ex-vice-president and recording secretary of the New York and New Eng- land Association of Railway Surgeons; member of American Medical Association, and of the Burlington and Chittenden County Clinical Society; studied in Vienna and London 1911-12. A Republican. Member of First Congregational Church. Member of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M.; Burlington Chapter No. 3, R. A. M. ; Burlington Commandery No. 2, K. T. ; Cairo Temple, Mystic Shrine ; vice- president Mansfield Section Green Moun- tain Club; surgeon of Lake Champlain Yacht Club; and vice-president of the board of directors of the Burlington Young Men's Christian Association. PEASE, Horace Cone, Hartford. Manufacturer. Born Hartford, Dec. 11, 1844; son of Luther and Harriet (Cone) Pease. Educated at Newbury Seminary, Kimball Union Academy, and Eastman Business College. In 1877 married Seraph 284 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [PECK E. Spalding of Hartford. Managed his father's farm previous to 1871, when he purchased an interest in the firm of French, Watson & Co., manufacturers of agricultural implements ; following the de- cease of the senior members of the firm, purchased their interests, and continued the business, until 1902, when the plant was sold to the American Fork and Hoe Co. of Cleveland, O.; since then has been interested in a water system for Hartford village; at present its manager; president of the Ottaquechee Woolen Co. at North Hartland; and president of the Hartford Cemetery Association. Is a Republican; was elected treasurer of the town in 1875, and held the office 14 consecutive years; was justice of the peace 14 years; town auditor 12 years; is at present town grand juror. When it was incorporated was elected a trustee of the Congregational church in Hartford; clerk two years, dea- con one year. Made a Mason in United Brethren Lodge No. 21, F. & A. M., Hart- ford, in 1866; became a charter member of Hartford Lodge in 1890, and was sec- retary 23 years. Member of the Windsor County Young Men's Christian Associa- tion, at present serving as auditor. PECK, Cassius, Burlington. Farmer. Born Brookfield, March 3, 1842; son of Reuben and Hannah G. (Edson) Peck. Educated in the public schools, Newbury Seminary, and West Randolph Academy. In 1868 married Luna Arnold Sprague of Brookfield; she died 1901; they had eleven children, those living being Jennie May (Mrs. A. M. Flint) Thomaston, Conn. ; Cassius Reuben of Marshfield, Ore.; Marcus R., Seattle, Wash.; Mil- dred S., Burlington; Arthur K., Marsh- field, Ore. ; Bessie F., Burlington ; those deceased, Mary Aurelia, Luna Almeda, Marshall Knowlton, Florence and Edith Hannah; in 1905 he married Alice M. Gaylord of Brookfield. After the war Mr. Peck spent one and one-half years in the West ; returning, settled on the home farm in Brookfield, remaining until 1897, when he removed to Burlington as superin- tendent of the experiment farm and of the buildings and grounds of the State Agricultural College, which office he still holds. Enlisted Sept. 12, 1861, as pri- vate in Co. F, 1st U. S. (Berdan) Sharp- shooters, serving three years; promoted to sergeant; mustered out Sept. 12, 1864. Received medal of honor by order of act of Congress for bravery (Sept. 19, 1862) for crossing the Potomac and charging Confederate battery. Is a Republican; represented Brookfield in the Legislature 1882 and 1886; senator from Orange County 1896. A CongregationaUst. Mem- beu of Mystic Star Lodge No. 97, F. & A. M.; Henry F. Freeman Post No. 98, G. A. R.; and Algonquin Club of Bur- lington. PECK, Charles Carrol, late of Mid- dlebury. Born at Cornwall, Nov. 23, 1830; died at Middlebury, May 17, 1903; son of Alanson and Mary (Parker) Peck. Educated in the public schools of Corn- wall. In 1873 married Hannah Smith Patterson of Augusta, Me.; she died in 1897; they had five children, Joseph A., Mary Elizabeth (deceased 1897), Antoi- nette (deceased 1897), Charles C. Jr. (de- ceased 1884), and Charles Wilds. In 1850-2 engaged in shipping sheep west to New York and Ohio; 1852-9 railroad con- tractor and conductor, Quebec Central, Il- linois Central, and Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul roads; in 1859 crossed plains on horseback, amid great hardship, via Smoky Hill route from Fort Leavenworth to Denver and Pike's Peak; 1859-71 gold mining and ranching in far West; was sheriff of Arapahoe County, Colo.; built first quartz mill in Utah, and invented first mechanical amalgamator used in sep- arating gold from impurities; 1871-2 gold mining in Georgia; 1872-9 wholesale mer- chant in Boston; 1879-90 owned and op- erated Star Mills in Middlebury; in early eighties invented first practical slow-speed electric motor. Was a Democrat; mem- ber of Democratic state committee; post- master Middlebury 1885-9; U. S. customs service at Quebec 1892-1900. Was mem- ber of Union Lodge No. 2, F. & A. M., of Middlebury, PECK, Charles William, Brandon. Physician and surgon. Born Clarendon, Feb. 23, 1841; son of Lewis and Harriet (Brown) Peck. Educated at Fairfax and Barre Academies; graduated in medicine. In 1866 married May F. Jackson of Bran- don, who died in 1895; in 1901 married Mrs. Helen R. McLeod of Fairhaven, Mass. Chairman of local board of health since law creating the office was enacted; ex-president of Rutland County Medical PECK] :MEN of VERMONT 285 and Surgical Society; president of Ver- mont State Medical Society 1909; mem- ber of New York and New England As- sociation of Railroad Surgeons. Enlisted in U. S. sharpshooters Sept. 14, 1861; received gunshot wound below the knee at Yorktown, April 5, 1862, and returned home on a furlough; returned to the front just after the battle of Antietam; re- mained with army until the battle of Fal- mouth, being discharged because wound would not remain healed. Is a Republi- can; represented Brandon in the Legis- lature 1902. Member of St. Paul's Lodge No. 25, F. & A. M. PECK, Hamilton S., Burlington. Law- yer. Born Royalston, Mass., Oct. 22, 1845; son of Sullivan and Czarina (Davis) Peck. Educated at University of Ver- mont, class of 1870. In 1875 married Selina A. Aiken of Hardwick; they have one son, Roy H. Admitted to the Ver- mont Bar 1873; has since been engaged in the practice of law. Is a Republican; was states attorney Chittenden County 1878-80; alderman 1883-5; judge of city court 1 888-94 inclusive; mayor of city of Burlington 1896-8; member and secretary Republican State Committee 1892-6; was representative from Burlington in the Legislature 191O. Is a Congregationalist. A 33 .degree Mason ; a member of the Odd Fellows; Knights of Pythias; Modern Woodmen of America ; Order of Elks ; and the Ethan Allen Club. PECK, Joseph Alanson, Middlebury. Lime manufacturer. Born Augusta, Me., May 2, 1874; son of Charles Carrol and Hannah Smith (Patterson) Peck. Edu- cated at Middlebury public schools, and Middlebury College, 1898. In I90I mar- ried Susan Stowell Brewster of Middle- bury. Was with Scott, Foresman & Co., publishers, Chicago, 1898-1900; New York manager of the firm 1 900-5 ; was or- ganizer in 1905, and since then the presi- dent, of the Green Mountain Lime Co. of Middlebury. Is a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity; the Moosa- lamo Club ; and president of Bread Loaf Section of Green Mountain Club. PECK, Theodore Saffohd, Burling- ton. Soldier, business man. Born Bur- lington, March 22, 1 848 ; son of Theodore Augustus and Delia Horton (Saiford) Peck. Educated in the public schools, preparatory to entering the University of Vermont; honorary degree of M. A. from Norwich University. In 1879 married Agnes Louisa, daughter of William and Louisa M. (Webb) Lesslie of Toronto, Ont. They have one daughter, Theodora Agnes, born Oct. 25, 1882, author of "Hester of the Grants" and "The Sword of Dundee;" member of the second class Military Order of the Medal of Honor, and the only woman honorary member of the Society of the Army of the Potomac. Theodore S. Peck was 18 years of age when on Sept. 1, I86I, he enlisted as a private in the 1st Regiment Vermont Cav- alry ; mustered Nov. 1 ; promoted regi- mental quartermaster sergeant, 9th Ver- mont Infantry, June 25, 1862; 2nd lieu- tenant Jan. 7, 1863; 1st lieutenant June 10, 1864; acting regimental qurtermaster and adjutant, also acting assistant ad- jutant general, aide-de-camp and brigade quartermaster. Second Brigade, Second Division, 18th Army Corps; appointed captain and assistant quartermaster U. S. Volunteers, March 11, 1865; served on staffs of Generals Stannard, Wistar, Jos. H. Porter, Donahoe, and E. H. Ripley; present in action at Middletown and Win- chester, Va. ; Harper's Ferry, where with his regiment he was captured and paroUed; at the siege of Suffolk, Nanse- mond, Edenton Road and Blackwater; Yorktown and Gloucester Courthouse, Va. ; Young's Cross Roads, N. C; New- port Barracks, where he received a medal from Congress for distinguished gallantry in action; Swansboro and Jacksonville, N. C; Fort Harrison, Va., Sept. 29-30, 1864, where he was wounded; Fair Oaks, Va. ; special duty commanding a battalion of 9th Vermont Regiment, Nov. 1, 1864, in New York City, riot duty during the sec- ond election of President Lincoln; in the trenches in the siege and capture -of Rich- mond; and with the 24th Army Corps was among the first to enter Richmond at the surrender, April 3, 1865. Mustered out of service June 23, 1865; later de- clined three commissions in the regular army. Returning home he was appointed chief of staff with rank of colonel by Governor Stewart; July, 1866, major and assistant adjutant-general 1st Brigade, Vermont Militia, and upon its muster-out he was elected May 10, 1868, 1st lieu- tenant of the Light Battery, and captain 286 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [PELTON commanding Feb. 16, 1869; lieutenant- colonel commanding battalion of 1st Regi- ment, V. N. G., Sept. 1, 1869; colonel of the 1st Regiment of the brigade Sept. 19 1870, and colonel of the regiment April 14, 1873, commanding eight years until appointed adjutant-sreneral of Vermont, with rank of brigadier-general in 1881; re-elected biennially until 1901; pro- moted to rank of major-general by brevet in 1894, for faithful and meritorious serv- ice. He served the nation and state al- most continuously for 40 years, and was chief of staflf for Governors Farnham, Barstow, Pingree, Ormsbee, Fuller, Page, Dillingham, Woodbury, Grout and Smith, until October, 1901, when he was placed upon the retired list. In business since the war as general insurance agent. In 1898, as adjutant-general of Vermont mobilized, armed and equipped 1st Regi- ment Infantry, Vermont Volunteers, for Spanish-American war. A Republican. Charter member Vermont Commandery, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, commander 1902-3; vice-president general and historian-gen- eral of the national society Sons of the American Revolution; first governor Ver- mont Society of Colonial Wars, and dep- uty governor-general for Vermont 1910- 1 1 ; commander of the Medal of Honor Legion of the United States 1899-1900; member board of visitors at the U. S. Military Academy, West Point; member Society of Foreign Wars, Spanish War Veterans, and Militarv Order of the Medal of Honor. Member of the Al- gonquin and Ethan Allen Clubs of Bur- lington. PELTON, RoLLiN M., Richford. Phy- sician. Born Highgate, Sept. 26, 1865; son of Lyman E. and Julia (Ware) Pel- ton. Educated in public and select schools of Highgate, and graduated from Univer- sity of Vermont Medical Department, class of 1888. In 1893 married Susie C, daughter of Col. L. C. Leavens; she died a year and a half later; in 1898 married Clara A., daughter of Capt. A. J. Merrill of Richford. After graduating settled in Richford and began the practice of medi- cine, which he has since continued; is also interested in farming, owning and manag- ing three farms. Is a Republican; school director; represented Richford in the Leg- islature 1900; senator from Franklin County 1906; appointed by Governor Proctor on board of state supervision of the insane and served for six years. Mem- ber of Franklin County Medical Society, Vermont Medical Society, and American Medical Association. PEMBER, Jay Read, Woodstock. County clerk. Born Randolph, Sept. 2, 1841; son of Dr. Jacob Read and Violet (Hidden) Pember. The family name, which was originally Pembridge, traces back for several hundred years in Here- fordshire, Eng. Educated at the Orange County Grammar School; entered Dart- mouth College in the spring of 1859 at the age of 17, graduating in the class of I862. In 1866 married Alida Goodwin of Milwaukee, Wis.; they have two chil- dren, Minnie Gertrude (Mrs. Frederick A. Wilson, Woodstock) and Karl Albrecht (deputy county clerk). Reported proceed- ings of Vermont Senate I86I and 1862 for Walton's Daily Journal; his report of the speech of Hon. Solomon Foot before the joint assembly upon his re-election to the U. S. Senate was probably the first in- stance in Vermont of a verbatim report of such an address published in the next morning's daily paper; in the autumn of I862 opened an office in Boston and began stenographic reporting of judicial and leg- islative proceedings, with occasional spe- cial reporting for the daily press; at a time when there were no official court re- porters in New England Mr. Pember drafted the first bill providing for official reporters in the civil sessions of the su- perior court in Boston, which bill was passed; was reporter of the New Hamp- shire House of Representatives for three local daily papers 1 864 ; one of five official stenographers of the Republican national convention which nominated President Grant at Chicago in 1868; one of the offi- cial reporters of the Illinois Legislature in 1869; did special work in every New England state 1862-72, and also in New York City and Chicago courts ; wrote from dictation and edited part of Mr. Harvey's "Reminiscences of Daniel Webster"; cov- ered part of President Johnson's swing around New England for the Boston Post. Has served as official reporter in county courts of Vermont and New Hampshire; county clerk Windsor County 1885 to date, the sixth incumbent in 130 years. Has been organist in one of the Woodstock PERKINS] MEN OF VERMONT 281 churches for nearly 30 years; published a sketch of the early history of his native town. PERCIVAL, Fred J., St. Johnsbury. Born Barton, Sept. 18, 1880; son of Charles F. and Nancey (Cassidy) Per- cival. Educated in the public schools and Goddard Seminary, class of 1899- In 1902 married Sadie E. Smith of Evans- ville ; they have one son, John Orson. En- gaged in work of wood-carving for Per- cival Furniture Co. 1897-1904; later trav- eling salesman for same company for two years; with Pillsbury & Baldwin Co. as shop foreman; later traveled on road for same company; with Marshall-Field Co., Chicago, as city salesman one year; re- turned to Barton and took position as fac- tory superintendent for Pillsbury & Bald- win Co. ; a year later this company moved to St. Johnsbury, where he drew plans and had charge of the building of the new plant and is now factory superintendent and buyer. A Republican; member Or- leans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M., of Bar- ton, and of the St. Johnsbury Commercial Club. While a resident of Barton was a member of the Barton Cornet Band for nine years; during that time managed the band for a period of three years. PERKINS, Charles Norman, Bur- lington. Physician. Born Burlington, May 25, 1880; son of Rufus J. and Etta L. (Smith) Perkins. Educated at Bur- lington High School, and Vermont Medi- cal College, 1905; one year of hospital work at Boston City Hospital, and one and one-half years as intern Mary Fletcher Hospital. Has practiced medicine since I9O8 in Burlington. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Methodist. A member of the I. O. O. F.; Knights of Pythias; American Medical Association; Vermont State Medical Society; Burlington and Chittenden County Clinical Society; and the Phi Chi Fraternity. PERKINS, George Henry, Burling- ton. Educator. Born Cambridge, Mass., Sept. 25, 1844; son of Frederick French and Harriet (Olmstead) Perkins. Edu- cated at Yale University, A. B., 1867, Ph. D. 1 869. In 1 870 married Mary J. Farn- ham of Galesburg, lU. ; they have had two children, Hattie O., died 1876, and Henry F., professor of zoology. University of Vermont. Has been professor of natural history. University of Vermont, since 1869; state geologist since 1898; dean of the university 1910; author of Vermont Geological Reports, seven volumes; many scientific pamphlets, magazine articles, etc. Is a Republican; Congregationalist, deacon since 1871. Fellow Geological Society of America; fellow American As- sociation for the Advancement of Science; fellow Anthropological Association; mem- ber American Ethnological Association; Sons of American Revolution, etc. PERKINS, Joseph, Montpelier. Con- tractor and builder. Born East Con- stable, N. Y., Nov. 14, 1866; son of Orin and Mary (Bora) Perkins. Educated in East Constable public schools. In 1894 married Frances A. Ryan of Moretown; they have six children, Arthur L., Grace F., Walter J., Joseph A., Katherine M., and Marion A. Came to Vermont in 1889 and learned the trade of carpenter; started contracting and building in 1893, which he still continues. Is a Democrat. In religious belief a Roman Catholic. Member of Montpelier Council No. 399, Knights of Columbus, and of the New England Order of Protection. PERKINS, Marsh Olin, Windsor. Librarian. Born Rutland, Feb. 7, 1849; son of Henry Olin and Mary Eloise (Gid- dings) Perkins. Educated at Rutland High School, and Middlebury College, graduated in 1870. In 1878 married Clara Alice Mclndoe of Windsor; they have six children, Locke Mclndoe, Gail Giddings, Margaret Eloise and Marion Florinda (twins), Herbert Marsh, and Katherine Lucia. Principal of Academy, South Woodstock, 1870-71; Windsor High School, 1871-80; editor Vermont Journal (Windsor) 1880-1909; librarian, Windsor Library Association, since 1905. A Re- publican ; moderator town meetings ; presi- dent village corporation ; superintendent of schools ; chairman of school board continu- ously since March, 1881; represented Windsor in the Legislature 1882 and 1884; senator from Windsor County 1888; member of town committee a number of years; normal school examiner 1888-90; director state prison and house of correc- tion 1894-1904; colonel and aide-de-camp on Governor Dillingham's staff I888-9O; presidential elector 1896. In religious 288 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [PEBKINS preference an Episcopalian. A Freema- son and Odd Fellow; past presiding offi- cer of all the local Masonic bodies, and of Masonic Grand Lodge, Grand Chapter and Grand Commandery Knights Templar of the state; deputy of Supreme Council, Scottish Rite, Northern Masonic Jurisdic- tion, U. S. A., etc. President Runnemede Club, Windsor, several years. PERKINS, Walter Elmeh, Pomfret. Farmer. Born Pomfret, Dec. 8, 1861; son of Albro E. and Emeline (Bacon) Perkins. Educated in the public schools, and Anson Academy, Maine. Mr. Per- kins is unmarried. Is a student and writer of history. Is a Republican; represented Pomfret in the Legislature 1908; justice of the peace; chairman of school board; trustee of Abbott Memorial Library in Pomfret. Past master of Teago Grange No. S24, P. of H. ; member of Vermont Historical Society. PERRY, David Thomas, West Brat- tleboro. Road builder and contractor. Born Ferrisburg, Oct. 16, 1854; son of David and Emily (Le Gro) Perry. Educated in the academy at Shelburne Falls, Mass. In 1880 married Eva Jan- ette Miller of Brattleboro; they have four children, Irene Esther, Archie Gray, Har- old Bradley, and Lucile Elizabeth. Asso- ciated with his father in road building 1 870-80 ; manager of Bradley Farm, Brat- tleboro, 1880-8; in 1884 bought tract of land and built several houses in West Brattleboro ; has built many miles of State road in Vermont, New Hampshire, Mas- sachusetts, and New York; his sons, Har- old and Archie Perry, are associated with him in the State road building; in 1909 was associated with his brother, E. J. Per- ry in building cement bridges in Vermont and Massachusetts. Is independent in politics; selectman, Brattleboro, 1889-93; road commissioner I9OO-I, and again I9IO and 1911 ; supervisor of highways in Wind- ham County since 1906. -Member of Protective Grange since 1880, master three years ; Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. &. A. M.; and Brattleboro Board of Trade. PERRY, Hiram Riley, Hancock. Farm- er. Born Hancock, Jan. 28, 1842; son of Bela Ransom and Achsah (Eaton) Perry. Educated in the public schools. In 1876 married Lucy Jane Small of Hartland; they have five children, Floyd Hiram, Ethel Mary, Eugene Harvey, Llewellyn Earl, and Hugh Henry. Enlisted Sept. S, 1862, in Co. E, 14th Regiment Vermont Volunteer Infantry, for nine months; took part in the battle of Gettysburg, wounded July 3 ; discharged July SO, 1 868, at Brat- tleboro. A Republican; represented Han- cock in the Legislature 1880; has served as selectman, school director, lister, and road commissioner for several years. PETTEE, Arthur Louis, Brattleboro. Dentist. Born Brattleboro, Feb. 28, 1 877 ; son of Frederick George and Eugenia Marie (Bingham) Pettee. Educated at Brattleboro High School, and Baltimore Medical College. In 1904 married Flor- ence Carrie Thorn. Practiced dentistry in Boston 1900-2; since 1902 in Brattle- boro. A Congregationalist. Member of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; Fort Dumraer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M.; Deerfield Arts and Crafts; vice-president Vermont Wheel Club; vice-commodore Brattleboro Boat Club; member Vermont State Dental Society; Maryland Dental Society; Massachusetts Dental Society, and Psi Omega Dental Fraternity, grand master. PETTEE, Frederick G., Brattleboro. Dentist. Born Wilmington, Sept. 10, 1853; son of A. L. and Mary Ann (Con- ant) Pettee. Educated in the public schools ; attended medical lectures at Long Island College; clinical instructor on oral diseases and surgery. Long Island Hos- pital, 1881-2. Married Eugenia M. Bingham of Brattleboro; they have three sons, A. Louis, Ralph B., and Clinton F. Practiced dentistry for several years with A. L. Pettee, Brattleboro; in 1881 moved to New York and was in practice two years with Geo. W. Brush; in 1888 re- turned to Brattleboro, where he has been in continual practice since. A Repub- lican. A Congregationalist. Past sen- .ior warden Columbia Lodge No. 36, F. & A. M.; member of Fort Dummer Chap- ter No. 12, R. A. M.; past patron Bing- ham Chapter No. 30, O. E. S., and grand patron of the order 1905-6. PHELPS, Erastus Hibbard, Fair Haven. Business man. Born Ticon- deroga, N. Y., Jan. 16, 1889; son of Eras- PIDDOCK] >IEN OF VERMONT 289 tus and Margaret (Hibbard) Phelps. Pre- pared for college in Troy Conference Academy; received A. B. from Middlebury College 1861; A. M. 1864. In 1875 married Mary E. Miller of Millersburg, Minn., granddaughter of William Miller, well known as a student of prophesy. They have two sons, Paul Harold of Hampton, N. Y., and Philip Max Miller of Albany, N. Y. Teacher at Orwell, and Chatham, Mass., 1861-4; served in Union Army as paymaster's clerk 1 864-7 ; in business Fair Haven 1867-70; editor Fair Haven Jour- nal 1869-70; student of law at Albany Law School and admitted to the Bar 1871 ; cashier First National Bank of Fair Haven 1872-91; in business Montgomery, Minn., and Fort Dodge, la., 1891-3; later at Fair Haven secretary and treasurer Vermont Clock Co. 1893-7; trustee Middlebury Col- lege 1891 to date. Author of "The Man of To-day," a poem delivered before the Alumni of Middlebury College in 1888, and many other poems and prose articles, a series of letters froin the front in war . times, and later a series on The Far West, 1865-6, published in Vermont Record and Farmer. A Republican; member of Con- stitutional Convention of Vermont 1870; represented Fair Haven in the Legisla- ture 1896, member of committee on cor- porations. Member and deacon in the Congregational Church. Member of Masonic fraternity and Chi Psi society. Chairman of board of trustees of Carnegie Library, Fair Haven. President of Champlain Slate Co. PHELPS, Frank C, Vergennes. Phy- sician and surgeon. Born North Adams, Mass., Oct. 18, 1870; son of Thomas C. and Hannah S. (Moore) Phelps. Edu- cated at Drury Academy, North Adams, Mass., class of 1889, and University of Vermont Medical Department, class of 1893. In 1894 married Mary M. Lane of Burlington; they have two daughters, Marjorie B. and Helen F. Has practiced medicine in Vergennes since 1894; district surgeon for Rutland Railroad since 1904. Is a Republican; alderman 1900-2; mayor of Vergennes, 1902-4; chairman of city board of health since 1909. Member of the Congregational Church. Member of Dor- chester Lodge No. 1, F. & A. M., of Ver- , , gennes; Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows; Knights of Pythias; Modern Wood- men of America; New England Order of Protection; Addison County Medical So- ciety; Vermont State Medical Society; New York and New England Association of Railway Surgeons ; and American Med- ical Association. PHILIPS, Hugh, Montpelier. Fire insurance. Born Pomfret, Feb. 4, 1866; son of Henry C. and Cornelia M. (Bridge) Philips. Educated at the public schools. In 1902 married Maude E. Field of Ver- gennes; they have one daughter, Eliza- beth F. A Republican, and an Episco- palian. PHILLIPS, Elmer E. E., St. Johns- bury. Clergyman. Born Cuyler, N. Y., Feb. 13, 1864; son of George Wash- ington and Mary Melissa (Luther) Phil- lips. Educated in the public schools, and night and correspondence schools. In 1892 married Bessie Belle Miller of New York City; they had two children, Clara Maybelle (deceased), and Bessie Elma. Learned the trade of millwright, and in 1889 purchased a saw and grist-mill at Lebanon, N. Y. ; dealt in lumber, feed and grain. Licensed to preach by the Che- nango County (N. Y.) Free Baptist Quar- terly l^eeting, February, 1891; ordained by the Lake George Quarterly Meeting, and a Council from the Central New York Yearly Meeting, 1892. Has held pas- torates of the Free Baptist Churches at Putnam, Murray, Syracuse, Gilbert !Mills, Depauville, and Byron, N. Y. ; Barring- ton, Nova Scotia, and West Derby, Shef- field, Vt., and has been pastor of the Church in St. Johnsbury since May 1, 1910. Clerk of the Wheelock Association and State agent for the Vermont Yearly Meeting of Free Baptists. A Prohibi- tionist; secretary Onondaga County com- mittee two years; delegate to State con- vention at Syracuse 1 895 ; candidate for representative for Sheffield 1908. Past Grand Chaplain I. O. G. T.; present Grand Chancellor of Education in Ver- mont. Member of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Independent Order of Foresters, Sons of Temperance, the Grange, and Sons of Veterans, in which he is Commander of E. B. Frost Camp, No. 18, located in St. Johnsbury. PIDDOCK, John E., Saxtons River. Manufacturer fruit products and lumber. Born Claremont, N. H., Nov. 3, 1876; 19 290 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGBAPHY [PIERCE son of Charles Albert and Gertrude (Farnsworth) Piddock. Educated at Falks-Real Gymnasium, Berlin, Germany; Vermont Academy, and Brown Univer- sity A. B. 1897. In 1899 married Helen Louise Campbell of Westminster West, who died in 1900; in 1906 married Kate Barto of San Antonio, Tex., who died in 1909; they had two children, Catherine Barto and Charles Albert. En- gaged in business in Mexico for eight years prior to 1906, when he returned to the United States and has since been engaged, with others, in the manufacture of apple and other fruit products; or- charding, and, to a certain extent, in lum- bering. A non-commissioned officer Co. F., 1st Connecticut Volunteer Infantry in Spanish- American War ; " served at Fort Preble, Portland, Me., and Camp Alger, Va. A Republican; town committeeman for past six years; appointed member weights and measures commission by Governor Prouty 1910; aide-de-camp with rank of colonel on staff of Governor Prouty 1 908-09. A Baptist. Member King Solomon's Temple Lodge No. 45, F. & A. M. ; Abenaqui Chapter No. 19, R- A. M.; and Holy Cross Commandery No. 12, K. T. PIERCE, Charles Tabor, Hardwick. Village clerk and treasurer. Born East Calais, Dec. 25, 1879; son of Walter Les- lie and Annie Foster (Tabor) Pierce. Educated in the public schools; Goddard Seminary, Barre; and Tufts College. In 1903 married Maude E. Wheeler of Wood- bury; they have one son, Leslie Walter. Employed in store at East Calais previ- ous to 1903, when he moved to Hardwick, and became a member of the firm of W. L. Pierce & Son, dry goods and clothing. Elected clerk and treasurer of village of Hardwick 1907, which office he has since held. Is a Republican; represented Hard- wick in the Legislature 1906. Is a Uni- versalist. Member of Caspian Lake Lodge No. 87, F. & A. M.; Hiram Chapter, R. A. M. No. 29; Palestine Commandery No. 5, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple; Knights of Pythias; and Automobile Club of Ver- mont. PIERCE, Fred D., Barton. Druggist. Born Barton, March 3, 1882; son of Hor- ace C. and Altha (Dutton) Pierce. Edu- cated at Barton Academy, Dean Academy, and ^Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, class of 1903. In 1904 married Florence A. Kent of St. Johnsbury. Upon the death of his father in 1906 took charge of the drug business, which he has since conducted. Is a Republican; has been town treasurer since 1906; is village treas- urer; treasurer of Orleans County Fair Association since 1907. Past master of Orleans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M., of Barton; member of Keystone Chapter No. 16, R. A. M., of Newport; Orleans Coun- cil No. 19, K. & S. M., of Newport; Malta Commandery No. 10, of Newport; New- port Lodge of Perfection; Vermont Con- sistory, A. A. S. R.; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine, of Montpelier; Vermont State Pharmaceutical Association; Le Beau Lac Club of Barton; president of the Barton Boat Club. In religious pref- erence a Congregationalist. PIKE, Paphro Ditus, Stowe. Carpen- ter and manufacturer. Born Morristown, Dec. 1, 1835; son of William and Nancy (Hitchcock) Pike. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Johnson Academy. In- I860 married Abigail Towne of Stowe; they have three children, Arba Adolphus, Lewis Alba, and Fred Morrison. Mr. Pike spent his early life in farming. Was in the employ of the Hatters' Fur Cutting Co., Brooklyn, N. Y., 1885-89; since then has been engaged in the manufacture of butter tubs and boxes; with his son and grandson also carries on an extensive lum- ber business. In 1862 enlisted in Co. D, 11th Vermont Regiment, serving until 1865. Is a Republican; represented Stowe in the Legislature 1880, and La- moille County in the Senate 1 900 ; has held various town offices. Is a Unitarian. A member of H. H. Smith Post No. 19 of the G. A. R. PILLSBURY, Fred H., St. Johnsbury. Manufacturer. Born Barton, Aug. 4, 1875 ; son of Henry F. and Ellen (Blake) Pills- bury. Educated at Barton Academy, Montpelier Seminary, and Wesleyan Uni- versity. In 1898 married Florence L. Currier of Barton. Mr. Pillsbury is a member of the firm of H. F. Pillsbury & Son, lumber dealers, and president of the Pillsbury-Baldwin Co., manufacturers of plumbers' materials at St. Johnsbury. Is a Republican; represented the town of Sutton in the Legislature 1902. Is a Methodist. A blue lodge Mason; a mem- cArx.<^cyfC Cot POLLAKD] ^er of the Knights Templar; of Mt. Sinai ^emple. Mystic Shrine; and Le Beau Lac Boat Club of Barton. PINE LoDis, BurUngton. Merchant. Born WilHston, Aug. 13, 1852; son of Moses and Calise (Fargo) Pine. Edu- cated in the pubHc schools. In 1876 mar- ried Mary Beaupre of BurUngton; they have five children, Fred L., Edward J., Harry N., Frank L., and Bertha. In 1865 came to Burlington; for four years was employed as gardener; then as team- ster in lumber yard of Blodgett & Son; and for four years as clerk in a grocery store ; since in dry goods business ; at pres- ent head of firm of Louis Pine & Co. Is a Republican ; alderman from second ward 1906-10. In religious belief a Roman Catholic, for 20 years one of the three trustees of St. Joseph's Church, Burling- ton. Is a member of St. Jean Baptiste and St. Joseph Societies ; a life member of Vermont State Firemen's Association, hav- ing been for 35 years a volunteer fire- man and member of the Boxer Engine and Star Hose companies. MEN OF VERMONT 291 PINGREE, Samuel E. 1884-86. See page 47. Governor PINGREE, William Steele, White River Junction. Lawyer. Born Hart- ford, Nov. 15, 1879; son of Governor Sam- uel Everett and Lydia M. (Steele) Pin- gree. Educated at White River Junction High School, Norwich University; studied law in his father's office, and law school of Boston University. In 1908 married Angle Elizabeth Johnson of Upton, Mass. ; they have one son, Samuel Everett. Ad- mitted to Vermont Bar October, 1 904 ; has since practiced law at White River Junc- tion, member of the firm of Pingree & Pingree. A Republican; assistant town clerk. Member of Methodist Episcopal Church; treasurer, trustee and steward of the church. PITKIN, Eldred C, Marshfield. Manufacturer. Born Marshfield, Nov. 29, 1870; son of Daniel B. and Sylvia H.' (Martin) Pitkin. Educated in the public schools. In 1895 married Nellie O Martin of Peacham; they have one son, 'Clarence G. Has been engaged in the manufacture of butter boxes, under the firm name of Mears & Pitkin, since March, 1895. A Republican; town treasurer in 1902; auditor for several years; library trustee for 15 years; represented Marsh- field in the Legislature 1910. Member of the Knights of Pythias. PLUMLEY, Charles Albert, North- field. Lawyer. Born Northfield, April 14, 1875; son of Frank and Lavina L. (Fletcher) Plumley. Educated at Northfield High School, graduating in class of 1892, and Norwich Uni- versity, class of 1896. In 1900 married Emilie A. Stevens of Manchester, N. H.; they have three children, Allan R., Evelyn S., and Fletcher D. Was prin- cipal of Northfield high and graded schools 1896-1 900; admitted to Vermont Bar 1903. Captain Co. F, 1st Regiment Ver- mont National Guards. Is a Republican; assistant secretary Vermont Senate 1894; secretary French- Venezuelan Mixed Com- mission 1905; assistant clerk, Vermont House of Representatives 1900-6; clerk of House of Representatives I9O8-IO. In re- ligious belief a Methodist. Member of the Knights Templar; Shriners; Benevolent Protective Order of Elks; Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; and Modern Wood- men of America. PLUMLEY, Frank. Representative in Congress. See page 77. POLLARD, Don C.jProctorsviUe. Mer- chant. Born Plymouth, April 25, 1840; son of Rowland P. and Mary Ann (Shedd) Pollard. Educated in Green Mountain Liberal Institute and Chester Academy. In I86I married Sarah J. Moore of Ply- mouth; they had four children, Fred D., Mary V. (deceased), Park H., and Dallas F. Started in mercantile business in Ply- mouth, 1859; one of the firm of Pollard & Sherwin, Proctors ville, until 1865; after that conducted the business under the name of Don C. Pollard & Co. for nine years; was with D. M. Pollard & Co. in the wholesale and retail grocery business in Keene, N. H., for several years ; is now in the lumber business in Proctors ville. Is a Democrat; was first selectman of Cav- endish 16 years; lister several years; is now town treasurer. Has been director and president and is now vice-president of the National Black River Bank. Is a Universalist. A member of Lafayette Lodge No. 53, F. & A. M., Proctorsville ; 292 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [POLLARD Okemo Chapter No. 28, R. A. M., Lud- low; Springfield Council No. 18, R. & S. M., Springfield; Holy Cross Command- ery No. 12, Knights Templar, Bellows Falls; Vermont Consistory, Scottish Rite, Burlington; Cairo Temple, Mystic Shrine, Rutland; Mt. Sinai Lodge No. 22, I. O. O. F.; Charles Woodhouse Encampment Xo. 25, I. O. O. F. ; and Myrtle Rebekah Lodge No. 6, I. O. O. F. POLLARD, John H., Fair Haven. Merchant. Born Pottsville, Pa., Dec. 10, 1851; son of Thomas and Mary (Davey) Pollard. Educated in the public schools and Barre Academy. In 1902 married Mrs. Bessie C. Kennedy of Rutland. Clerk in Ely copper mines, Vershire, two j'ears previous to finishing school; moved to Dover, N. J., and worked two years at farming; clerk in postofBce, Dover, five years; assistant postmaster, Windsor, three years; clerk in Benjamin F. Pol- lard's store, Rutland, 12 years; went to Fair Haven 1895 and became partner in clothing business of Norton & Pollard, which later became Pollard & Carmody. A Cleveland Democrat; represented Fair Haven in the Legislature 1910; member of committees on banks and appropria- tions. Member Eureka Lodge No. 75, F. & A. M., and Fair Haven Lodge of Odd Fellows. POOLE, William Everett, Montpel- ier. Druggist. Born West Topsham, June IS, 1867; adopted son of Charles and Sarah K. (Wilds) Poole. Educated at West Topsham Academy. In 1895 married Hattie L. Miller of Montpelier. Engaged as clerk in F. H. French's drug store, Hartford, 1886-8; with A. T. Clark, Brad- ford, 1888-9; the Theodore Metcalf Co., Boston, 1891-2; Lester H. Greene, Mont- pelier, 1 892-5 ; opened drug business in East Barre 1895, selling it in 1901 ; bought out Lester H. Greene of Montpelier, con- ducting the business until 1910. Is a Re- publican. Member of Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M.; King Solomon Chapter Xo. 7, B.. A. M.; Mt. Zion Commandery Xo. 9, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; a 32 degree Scottish Rite INIason; exalted ruler Montpelier Lodge Xo. 924, B. P. O. E. 1911-12; member Vermont Lodge Xo. 1, I. O. O. F. ; and Granite Encampment Xo. 29, I. O. O. F., of East Barre. PORTER, Eli H., Wilmington. Born in Whitingham, Aug. 16, 1857; son of George and Fanny (Kingsbury) Porter. Educated in the public schools and Pow- ers Institute, Bernardston, Mass. In 1891 married Gertrude H. Boyd of Wilming- ton; they have one son, Gerald H. Has held many town ofiices; was postmaster at Wilmington, 1893-7; represented Wil- mington in the Vermont Legislature 1892, 1900, 1902 and 1906; president of the Wilmington Savings Bank for several years; Democratic candidate for governor in 1904; member of the state railroad commission, 1906-9; member of public service commission 1909-10. POULIN, Camille v., Rutland. Law- yer. Born Rutland, July 5, 1888; son of Charles N. and Alphozine (Geer) Poulin. Educated at Rutland High School, Union University Department of Law, Albany, N. Y. ; was reporter on Rutland News 1905-7; Rutland Herald 1907-8. Ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1911; has since practiced law in Rutland. Is a Repub- lican. Has been justice of the peace since 1909; was official reporter of Vermont Senate 1908. Is a Roman Catholic; mem- ber of the Church of the Sacred Heart of Mary. POWELL, Harry B., Woodstock. Dealer in investment securities. Born Stoughton, Wis., Feb. 22, 1864; son of Luke W. and Fida (Baxter) Powell. Edu- cated at Woodstock High School. Former- ly lived in Minneapolis, Minn., coming to Vermont in 1876. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Methodist. POWELL, Max L., Burlington. Law- yer, insurance. Born Richford, April 26, 1869; son of Col. Edward Henry and El- len G. (Row ell) Powell. Graduated from Vermont Academy 1885, A. B. Uni- versity of Vermont 1889, A. M. 1907; studied at University of Geneva, Switzer- land. In 1908 married Lois S. Mae- Bride of Burlington. They have two children, E. Henry, and Max Leon Pow- ell, Jr. Studied law and admitted to bar 1892; since practiced law in Burlington; member of the firm of Powell & Powell. Captain and aide-de-camp on staff of Gen- eral Greenleaf, 1st Vermont Regiment. Promoter of Hotel Vermont at Burling- ton, and president of Hotel Vermont Co. since its organization. A Republican; assistant clerk House of Representatives PROUTY] MEN OF VERMONT 293 1 892 ; secretary of civil and military af- fairs 1894-6; secretary Vermont Senate 1896, 1898, and 1900; senator from Chit- tenden County 1910, and President pro- tem. of the Senate. A Congregational- ist. Member of Ethan Allen Club and Mohican Club. POWERS, George M. Superior court judge. See page 89- POWERS, H. Henry. Representative in Congress. See page 76. POWERS, Jerry M., Athens. Re- tired manufacturer. Born Athens, June S, 1848; son of Merrill J. and Eliza L. (Perham) Powers. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Chester Academy. In 1879 married Phoebe A. Ball of Athens; they have two sons, Guy Wallace, and Merrill Dustin. Teacher in the public schools of Vermont and New Hampshire 1866-81; associated with the firm of Der- by & Ball, in the manufacture of scythe snaths, 1882-1906. A Republican; rep- resented Athens in the Legislature 1882 and 1890; treasurer of the town of Ath- ens since 1878; trustee and auditor, of Windham County Savings Bank since 1895. Member of Methodist Episcopal Church; Sunday School superintendent since 1880. POWERS, Norman C, White River Junction. Merchant and undertaker. Born Stockbridge, Dec. 23, 1866; son of Mark and Ellen V. (Taylor) Powers. Educated in the district schools and God- dard Seminary, Barre. In 1891 married Lettie G. French of Wells River; they have two sons, Mark Elmer and Raymond Taylor. Lived on a farm in Washing- ton previous to the age of 26 years when he moved to Medford, Mass., and engaged as clerk two years; removed to Hartford and conducted a dry goods and clothing business for nearly four and one-half years; in similar business with George H. Kibling, West Lebanon, N. H., nine years, and has since been in house furnishing goods and undertaking business, White River Junction. An independent Repub- lican; member West Lebanon, N. H. High School board for nearly eight years; member First Universalist Society, White River Junction, serving as trustee for its funds for ten years. Member United Brethren Lodge No. 21, F. & A. M., and Cascadnac Chapter, R. A. M., of White River Junction; Washington Coimcil, R. & S. M., Lebanon, N. H.; Sullivan Com- mandery, K. T., of Claremont, N. H., and Bektash Temple, Mystic Shrine, also charter member of Iroquois Club of White River Junction. Residence, West Lebanon, N. H. PRATT, Charles Howard, Brattleboro. Banker. Born Brattleboro, April 8, 1856; son of Howard Asa and Helen (Rand) Pratt. Educated in the public schools of Brattleboro. Was bookkeeper in Vermont Savings Bank, Brattleboro, June 1, 1872, to Nov. 1, 1890; assistant treasurer, Nov. 1, 1890, to Jan. 1, 1902; treasurer, Jan. 1, 1902, to June, 1909; is now president. Is a Democrat; a Unitarian; treasurer of the Unitarian Church at Brattleboro; a member of the Vermont Wheel Club. PROCTOR, Fletcher D. I906-O8. See page 51. Governor PROUTY, Charles Azro, Newport. Chairman Interstate Commerce Commis- sion. Born Newport, Oct. 9, 1853; eldest son of John Azro and Hannah B. (Lamb) Prouty. He received his early education at Derby Academy and afterwards took the degree of A. B. in 1875 at Dartmouth College. During his college career he won several prizes for essays on different subjects and graduated at the head of his class. After graduating from college he took up work as assistant to Prof. S. P. Langley, of the Allegheny Observatory, at Pittsburgh, Pa. On account of ill- health was compelled to give up his work there and return -to Vermont in the fall of 1876, taking up the study of the law in his home town and being admitted to the Bar of Vermont in 1877. The same year he married Abbie Davis of Lyndon- ville, and began the practice of the law. Finding it impossible to maintain himself by his profession, he taught school for several years, but finally returned to the law in 1882. His second venture vi^sLS more successful than his first and he soon became one of the most prominent figures of the legal fraternity in the state, being among other things attorney for the Cen- tral Vermont Railroad and general coun- sel for the Rutland Railroad. From 1888 to I896 he reported the decisions of the Supreme Court of Vermont. He is prob- 294 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [PROUTY ably best known for his work on the In- terstate Commerce Commission, to which he was appointed in December, 1896. Federal regulation of railroads had not gone very far at that time and Mr. Prouty began by a series of addresses and news- paper articles to point out to the people wherein the act to regulate commerce was defective and in need of amendment. It has been modified from year to year imtil at the present time the commission is con- sidered to be one of the most powerful and helpful bodies in the entire country. Mr. Prouty, perhaps more than any other one man in this country, is responsible for the present condition of this act, he hav- ing been identified with all the various amendments as well as all of the import- ant cases which have been heard and de- cided by that tribunal. His opinions are famous for their breadth and thought and regard for all interests. He is a Repub- lican; served as delegate to the Repub- lican national convention in 1896, and has represented his home town in the state Legislature. He is also a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity and of various clubs and associations throughout the country. He is one of the Vermont- ers who, having attained a national repu- tation, stiU resides in Vermont. In the last fifteen years he has declined many flattering offers to change his domicile, but always insists that the Green Moun- tain State is a good place to live in as well as to emigrate from. In his public addresses he frequently refers to his home on the banks of Lake Memphremagog as the one spot where he desires to spend his declining years. PROUTY, George H. Governor 1908- 10. See page 51. PUTNAM, Frank Bingham, Brattle- boro. Investments. Born Brattleboro, July 11, 1870; son of Edwin H. and Anna Lou- ise (Bingham) Putnam. A graduate of Brattleboro High School 1889. Worked in men's furnishing store of H. B. Chamber- lain from 1887 to 1892; entered employ of Vermont Loan and Trust Co. Oct. 4, 1892; and is now director, and general eastern agent of that institution. Enlisted in Co. I, Vermont National Guard, 1 893 ; 1st sergeant Feb. 2, 1895; 2nd lieutenant Feb. 9, 1 898 ; mustered into United States service, war with Spain; discharged from United States service Nov. 1, 1898; 1st lieutenant Co. I, Oct. 10, 1899; resigned 1900. Is a Republican; a Congregational- ist; member Vermont Wheel Club, and its president 1909-10; member Columbian Lodge No. 36, F. & A. M. ; Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M.; Connecticut VaUey Council No. 16, R. & S. M.; past eminent commander Beauseant Command- ery No. 7, K. T. ; eminent grand junior warden Grand Commandery of Vermont, K. T., 1911-12; member Mt. Sinai Tem- ple, Mystic Shrine; a 32nd degree Mason, and member Vermont Consistory, Scot- tish Rite; member Keene Lodge, Order of Elks. PUTNAM, Fred W., Brattleboro. In- surance. Born Hinsdale, N. H., Jan. 24, 1859; son of Edwin L. and Emmeline (Wright) Putnam. Educated at Brattle- boro High School. In 1887 married Rose Osborn of Los Angeles, Cal. ; they have four children. Rose Osborn, Harry Lau- rence, Philip Bayard, and Helen Mary. Mr. Putnam was with Barna A. Clark, hardware dealer, Brattleboro, six years; in 1882 went to Texas and engaged in ranching for nearly four years; went to Arizona and Mexico; settled in San Diego, Cal., re-entering hardware business; moved to Los Angeles, Cal. ; returned to Vermont in 1895; bought half interest in general insurance business of Cudworth & Childs; in Jan., 1898, secured state agency Travelers' Insurance Co. for Ver- mont, and in Jan., 1900, for New Hamp- shire, under firm name of Childs & Put- narn, to whose affairs, and to his interests on the Pacific coast, he has since devoted entire time. He is a Democrat ; was chair- man of Brattleboro license board under Vermont local option law 1902, the first license board in state to cancel any li- censes, which action was watched with in- terest throughout state. A Congregation- alist. Member Columbian Lodge No. 36, F. & A. M.; treasurer Fort Dummer Chap- ter No. 12, R. A. M.; Connecticut Valley Council No. 16, R. & S. M. ; member Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T.; Mt. Sinai Temple, representing latter at Im- perial Council, New Orleans, April, 1910. PUTNAM, George Kimball, Montpel- ier. Insurance. Born Randolph, Aug. 8, 1866; son of Charles William Abbott and Hannah Ella (Kimball) Putnam. Edu- EEARDON] MEN OF VERMONT 295 cated in the graded and high schools Vineland, X. J.^ Randolph, and Xorth- field. In 1897 marr-ied Mary Ellen Dooley of Northfield; they had two chil- dren, Charles Edward and Dorothy Frances. Was clerk and telegraph oper- ator in general store 1882-5; railroad tele- graph and station agent, and chief clerk in general passenger and freight office 1885-93; entered employ National Life Insurance Corapany 1893. Is a Repub- lican. An Episcopalian. Member Au- rora Lodge No. 22, F. & A. M.; King Solomon Chapter No. 7, R. A. M. ; Mt. Zion Commandery, Knights Templar; ApoUo Club; and !Montpelier Country Club. RANDALL, George W., Waterbury. Retired farmer and lumber dealer. Born Waterbury, Sept. 18, 1825; son of Oliver C. and Electa (Coffin) Randall. Edu- cated in public schools and Stowe and Bakersfield Academies. In 1854 mar- ried Leefie White; she died 1874; he then married Belle Gleason; they have two children, George W. and Pearl. In 1841 was apprenticed to a blacksmith, serving three years; later taught school two years then entered the office of the late Gov. Paul Dillingham as law student. In 1849 went to California, working for 17 months in the gold mines, returning with $6,000 in gold dust. Two years later returned to California, contracted yellow fever, and of 30 companions was the only survivor. Is a Republican; represented Waterbury in the Legislature 1872 and 1882; represented Washington County in the Senate in 1890, where he was chair- man of committee on insane. RAY, Thomas Walter, Brandon. Mer- chant. Born Orwell, Aug. 7, 1873; son of Walter O. and Martha C. (Cutts) Ray. Educated in the public schools. In 1895 married Annie M. Boss of Brandon, who died in 1908; they had one son, Charles Reginald; in 1911 married Marion C. Thompson of Brooklyn, N. Y. Was mem- ber of the firm of Goodrich & Bay, Bran- don; afterwards succeeded the above firm and continued business in his own name until 1908, when the firm of Ray & Co. was established, of which he became the senior member; in 1908 purchased cloth- ing business of F. L. Rogers, Brandon; member of the firm of Ray & Jones, Ben- son, for seven years; now a member firm Ray & McCormick, Pittsford. A Repub- lican; page in the Vermont Legislature 1888; town representative from Brandon 1908. A Congregationalist; member of the prudential committee. Member of St. Paul's Lodge No. 25, F. & A. M.; Farm- ers' Chapter No. 9, R- A. M.; Mt. Cal- vary Commandery No. 1, K. T. ; and Cai- ro Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Rutland. RAYMOND, George Henry, Ludlow. Hotel keeper. Born Braintree, June 7, I860; son of Lewis and Ellen (Annis) Raymond. Educated in the public schools. In 1892 married Laura A. Eastman of East Orange, who died in 1905. In 1907 married Flora B. Hunt of Worcester; they have two children, Dorothy and Lyle Maude. Was brakeman on Fitchburg Railroad for a brief time; clerk in the American House, Springfield, 1884-6; clerk at the Red Lion Inn, Randolph, 1886-8; manager Queen City Park Hotel, 1888-90; clerk Hotel Burlington, 1890-1; manager St. George Hotel, White River Junction, 1891-2; proprietor Revere House, East Randolph, 1 892-3 ; proprie- tor Pease's Hotel, Hartford, 1 893-5 ; Tun- bridge House, Tunbridge, 1895-7; Plain- field Hotel, Plainfield, 1897-1902 and 1906-10 ; Ludlow House, Ludlow, since 1911. In politics Mr,. Raymond is a Democrat. REARDON, John Benjamin, Barre. Clergyman. Born Bristol, N. Y., Feb. 26, I860; son of Dennis A. and Cather- ine C. Reardon. Educated at the Bris- tol Graded School, East Bloomfield (N. Y.) Academy, and Tufts College, Mass. In I891 married Gratia May Morgan of Ludlow; they have two children. Gratia Morgan, and Gordon Chilson. Was pas- tor at Medford, Mass., 1886-8; Alstead, N. H., 1888-90; Ludlow, 1890-2; West- field, Mass., 1892-8; Ludlow, 1898-1904; Oakland, Maine, 1904-8; Springfield, 1908-12; and since April 1, 1912, at Barre. Is a Democrat; the first and only Democrat to hold a seat in the Maine Senate from Kennebec County — the home county of James G. Blaine and Joseph Manley — previous to the Ddmocratic tidal wave in the fall of 1910; Democratic candidate for lieutenant-governor of Ver- mont 1910. A Universalist. Member of Black River Lodge No. 85, F. &. A. M., 296 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEEMONT BIOGEAPHY [REDMOND of Ludlow; Okemo Chapter No. 28, R. A. M., of Ludlow; Mt. Lebanon Council No. 13, R. &. S. M., Oakl?ud, Me.; Vermont Commandery, No. 4>, K. T., Windsor; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Mont- pelier; Altimont Lodge No. 30, I. O. O. F., Ludlow; S. G. Putnam Encampment No. 8, I. O. O. F.; Grand Chaplain of the Grand Lodge I; O. O. F. of Vermont, and of Springfield Grange No. 114, P. of H. REDMOND, John W., Newport. Lawyer. Born Charlotte, Jan. 24, 1861; son of James and Margaret (Keating) Redmond. Educated at St. Johnsbury Academy, graduate of class of 1882; and University of Vermont, A. B., 1886. In 1887 married Laura Petty; they had one daughter. In 1895 married again. Ad- mitted to Vermont Bar 1889. Since then has practiced law two years at North Troy, the remainder of the time at New- port; reporter of decisions of supreme court since July, 1904. A republican; chairman of Public Service Commission of Vermont since December, 1906; super- visor of schools for Lamoille County for two years following June, 1889. A Con- gregationalist. Member Memphremagog Lodge No. 65, F. & A. M., of Newport. REED, AzRO Andrus, Williamstown. Lumber dealer. Born Brookfield, Jan. 6, 1865; son of William F. and Emily (Gale) Reed. Educated in Brookfield public schools, and Randolph Normal 1884. In 1892 married Ada M. Rowell of Williamstown; they have two children, Evelyn A., and Bernie A. Taught school in Chelsea, and in Jefferson City, Montana; employed in coal mines in Mon- tana, 1887-8; drove stage between Jef- ferson City and Fort Benton, 1889; re- turned to Williamstown and engaged in livery business 1889-92, and dealt in horses until 1902, since which time has been an extensive dealer in lumber. Is a Republican; deputy sheriff six years; represented Williamstown in Legislature 1910. Is a Universalist. REED, George A., Barre. Civil en- gineer. Born Barre, Aug. 18, 1879; son of Albert C. and AUie G. (Wheaton) Reed. Educated at Spaulding High School,, class of 1 897, Dartmouth College, 1903, and Thayer School of Civil Engi- neering, 1904. In 1906 married Nellie A. Colburn of Plattsburg, N. Y.; they have one son, Sheldon Clark. Taught school 1897-9; real estate agent 1904; assistant city engineer, Barre, 1905; re- ceived appointment on U. S. reclamation service and worked on construction of main canal on Klamath Project, Klamath Falls, Ore., I906; since 1907 has been city engineer of Barre. Is a Republican. A Congregationalist. A member of Vin- citia Lodge No. 10, K. P.; Suadah Tem- ple, D. O. K. K. ; secretary, and treasurer of University Club of Barre; and treas- urer of Spaulding High School Alumni Association. REIRDEN, William W., Barton. Law- yer. Born Troy, Aug. 31, 1876; son of James W. and Florence J. (Congdon) Reirden. Educated in the public schools and North Troy Graded School and Acad- emy. In 1903 married Agnes Shea of Littleton, N. H.; they have two children, Stanley J. and Paul S. Admitted to Ver- mont Bar 1898; began the practice of law at Barton Landing, now Orleans, Aug. 9, 1899; in December, I90I, located at Bar- ton, and has since engaged in law prac- tice there. Is a Republican, and for sev- eral years a member and chairman of Barton town committee. A member of Orleans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M. ; of Keystone Chapter No. 16, R. A. M.; Or- leans Council No. 19, R. & S. M.; Malta Commandery No. 10, K. T. RENNIE, Alden J., Wheelock. Lumber dealer and hotel proprietor. Born Bar- ton Landing, April 17, 1850; son of George and Sarah (Stone) Rennie. Edu- cated in the public schools. In 1873 mar- ried Isabell Blake of Bath, N. H.; they had three children, Ella (deceased), George A., and Harry A. Was employed two years in a grist mill; later engaged in carpentry work eight years; in 1872 purchased the Ruggles saw mill, Sutton, which he still owns; in 1896 purchased the Caledonia Spring House, which he has conducted since; in 1897 purchased the Shefiield mill; in 1898 built what is known as the Rennie mill in Wheelock; he also owns a number of mills in northern Ver- mont.. Is an Odd Fellow, high priest of his encampment; was first charter mem- ber in Junior Order of American Mechan- ics. REYNOLDS, Milo C, Burlington. Publisher and advertising agent. " Born C^OytM^,^^ < "^ /ule^ RICE] MEN OP VERMONT 297 Eagle Bridge, N. Y., July 16, 1871; son of Eben C. and Helen E. (Vrooman) Reynolds. Educated in the public schools of Troy, N. Y., and graduate of Troy Business College. In 1898 married Grace Estelle Howe of East Poultney; they have three children, Theresa H., Helene E., and Mile H. Learned the printers' trade;- established "The Politician," a weekly newspaper, on 21st birthday; after a year moved to Cambridge, N. Y., and six months later took charge of the White- hall (N. Y.) Times; employed as job printer in Boston, Mass., and Newport, R. I.J 1904; since October, 1904, business manager Essex Publishing Co. at Essex Junction; manager Reynolds-Fishier Ad- vertising Service, Burlington, member of UUery Publishing -Company. A demo- crat. Past chancellor Tancred Lodge No. 303, Knights of Pythias, Whitehall, N. Y. ; past deputy grand chancellor. Do- main of New York; past grand White- hall Lodge No. 5, I. O. O. F., WhitehaU, N. Y. ; member of Ethan Allen and Al- gonquin clubs, Burlington; secretary Lake Champlain Yacht Club; member executive committee Burlington Mer- chants' Protective Association; member board of governors Burlington Commer- cial Club; member Vermont Press Associ- ation; secretary Vermont Weekly News- paper Association. REYNOLDS, Sanford E., North Cam- bridge. Lumber, merchant and manufac- turer. Born Cambridge, 1880; son of Joshua C. and Fanny A. Reynolds. Edu- cated in the public schools of Cambridge. In 1903 married Gladys S. Greene of Cambridge; they have five children, Lloyd A., Guy W., Rhett S., Wayne G., and lona. Engaged in the lumber business in 1892; from 1900-5 one of the firm of Rey- nolds & Wetherell; since 1905 has con- ducted the business alone; has also been engaged since 1908 in the manufacture of butter and sugar tubs. Is a Republican. Was charter member of Fletcher Camp No. 10127, Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica; advisor two terms; in 1908 was trans- ferred to Jeffersonville Camp No. 9908. RICE, Arthur F., New York, N. Y. Publisher, Born Springfield, Feb. 8, 1856; son of Daniel and Maria P. (Munn) Rice. Educated at Springfield High School and Dartmouth College, graduated in 1882. In 1887 married Emma J. Burns of Pas- saic, N. J.; they have two children, Ral- ston F. and Janet M. At 17 years of age was clerk in Old Colony railroad offices, Fitchburg, Mass.; in lumber camp, Michi- gan, 1882-3; with the Erie railroad 1883- 4; wholesale dealer in coal 1885-1902; vice-president Campbell Art Co., Eliza- beth, N. J., 1902-10; president since 1910 ; commissioner Coal Merchants' As- sociation, New York, since 1906. His grandfather, Calvin Munn, served through the entire seven years of the Revolution- ary war; his father, too old to enlist in the Civil war, sent a man in his place; his brother, Frank F. Rice, served as a nine months' man in the Civil war, and re-enlisted for three years; he himself served in the Springfield company of the Vermont state militia after the close of the Rebellion. A Republican; served two terms as school commissioner in the city of Passaic, N. J. ; member for several years of the Passaic Library Association, and Passaic Board of Trade; served on committee appointed by Mayor McClellan of New York Citv on standardization of city contracts. Member of Congregational Church; was for several years secretary of League of American Sportsmen (in in- terest of game protection) ; director Pas- saic Athletic Club, and Yountakah Coun- try Club. Member Dunwoodie Country Club; Alpha Delta Phi Society, New York; U. S. Geographical Society; Amer- ican Forestry Association; secretary and governor Camp Fire Club of America (big game hunters) since 1902. Office, Flat- iron, New York; residence, 593 Riverside Drive, New York City. RICE, Howard Crosby, Brattleboro. Editor and publisher. Born Worcester, Mass., Sept. 16, 1878; son of Charles B. and Fannie (Crosby) Rice. Educated in Brattleboro High School, graduating in class of 1896. May 21, 1902, married Amy S. Jones of Brattleboro; has two children, Howard C. Rice, Jr., and Marion S. Rice. Employed as reporter on the Vermont Phoenix 1897-9; reported on Ansonia, Conn., Sentinel I90O-I90I; local editor of Brattleboro Reformer 1901-1905; since 1905 editor of Reformer, and presi- dent of Vermont Printing Co. Mr. Rice is independent in politics and religion; member of the Vermont Wheel Club; the Brattleboro Board of Trade; and the Ver- mont Press Association. 298 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [RICE RICE, John Lovell, Springfield, Mass. Lawyer. Born Weathersfield (As- cutneyville), Feb. 1, 184,0; son of Ly- sander Mason and Clarinda Whitmore (Upham) Rice. Educated in public schools of Weathersfield and Windsor, and Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N. H. In 1867 married Marion Virginia Chellis of Cornish, N. H., who died 1873; they had no children; in 1879 married Clara Elizabeth Galpin of Springfield, Mass.; they have three children, Allen Galpin, Elizabeth Banks, and Ellen Birnie. Clerk in country store at Cornish Flat, N. H., 1859-61; cotton planter in Avoyelles Parish, La., 1866; provision dealer, Springfield, Mass., 1867-73; law- yer at Springfield, Mass., since 1876, Private Co. A, 2nd New Hampshire Volunteers, April 28, 1861, to Nov. 26, 1862; captain Co. H, l6th New Hamp- shire Volunteers, Nov. 26, 1862, to Aug. 20, 1863; lieutenant-colonel 75th U. S. Colored Infantry, Oct. 31, 1863, to Nov. 25, 1865; in battles as follows: First Bull Run, Va., July 21, 'l86l (shot through the lungs and left on field for dead, funeral at Vermont home) ; prisoner of war at Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., July, 1861, to Jan. 3, 1862, when ex- changed; rejoined regiment as private on exchange, and served until promoted captain in I6th New Hampshire Regi- ment; Siege of Yorktown, Va., March- May, 1862; Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862; Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862; Oak Grove, Va., June 25, 1862; Savage Station, Va., June 28, 1862; White Oak Swamp, Va., June 29, 1862; Glendale, Va., June SO, 1862; Malvern Hill, Va., July 1, 1862; Bristoe Station, Va., Aug. 25, 1862; Second Bull Run, Va., Aug. 29-30, 1862; Chantilly, Va., Sept. 1, 1862; Butte -a la Rose, La., April 8, 1863; Siege of Port Hudson, La., July- Aug., 1863; Pleasant Hill, La., April 9, 1864; Cane River, La., April, 1864; re- ceived the surrender of the last organized body of the Confederates at Washington', La., June 5, 1865. A Democrat; inspec- tor of U. S. customs, port of Boston, 1874-6; member Massachusetts Legisla- ture from Springfield, session of 1882, chairman committee on military affairs; postmaster at Springfield, Mass., 1886- 90; chief of police department, Spring- field, Mass., 1882, 1892-4; U. S. com- missioner for district of Massachusetts, at Springfield, since 1890; deputy clerk U. S. district court and U. S. circuit court, district of Massachusetts, since 1910; Democratic candidate for mayor, Springfield, Mass., 1896 and 1897; Dem- ocratic candidate for congressman, 2nd Massachusetts district, in 1908. Member Hampton Lodge of Masons, Springfield, Mass.; Cheshire Lodge, Cornish, N. H. ; Grand Army of the Republic; past com- mander E. K. Wilcox Post, G. A. R., Springfield, Mass.; judge advocate, de- partment of Massachusetts, G. A. R., 1879; member Military Order of the Loyal Legion, Massachusetts Command- ery; vice-president Connecticut Valley Historical Society of Springfield, Mass.; member American Economic Association. Maintains summer home at Ascutneyville, Vt., in house where he was born, and which was erected by his father in 1833. Oflice, 476 Main Street, Springfield, Mass. Residence, 50 Dexter Street, Springfield, Mass. RICE, Joseph J., Burlington. Bishop of Burlington. Born Leicester, Mass., Dec. 6, 1871. Educated at Leicester (Mass.) Academy; Holy Cross College, Worcester, Mass., A. B., 1891; Montreal Theological Seminary; has received de- grees of S. T. B. from Laval University 1893, J. C. B. from Laval University 1894, S. T. L. from Roman University 1895, S. T. D. from Roman University 1896, Was ordained to the priesthood Sept. 29, 1894, by Rt. Rev. Thomas D. Beaven, D. D., Bishop, of Springfield; took a two years' course at Rome in the- ology, philosophy, and kindred studies; in 1896 won his doctor's cap maxima cum laude; after an extensive tour of Europe, returned to the United States. Began his ministry among the Penobscot Indians in Maine, and continued in various Massa- chusetts parishes until 1901, when he was chosen professor of philosophy in St. John's Theological Seminary, Boston, Mass.; in 1901 was entrusted with a diflS- cult task of establishing the new parish of St. Peter's, Northbridge, Mass.; was chosen professor in theology in one of the leading Catholic institutions of learning in 1909, but was appointed bishop of Bur- lington by Pope Pius X in January, 1910 ; was consecrated in the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception at Burlington April 14, 1910, at the hands of Bishop EICHAEDSON] MEN OF VERMONT 299 Beaven of Springfield, . Bishops Harkins of Providence, Walsh of Portland, and Feehan of Fall River assisting in the con- secration, among those present being Bishop Emard of Valleyfield, P. Q., Bish- op Bernard of St. Hyacinthe, P. Q., Bish- op-elect Nilan of Hartford, and more than 200 priests from various parts of the Uni- ted States and Canada. RICE, Newman Dennison, Roxbury. Lumberman. Born Granville, Nov. 29, 1850; son of Dennison and Louisa (Page) Rice. Educated at the public and select schools of Warren and Granville. In 1874 married Lucy Ajigene Carpenter of Brain- tree; they have two children, Dudley and Gerald Lawrence. Began business life as lumberman, manufacturing shingles, clap- boards, and lumber, in Granville, later en- tered into partnership with L. Heath, un- der firm name of Heath & Rice; in 1905 took his son Dudley into partnership; they still conduct lumber mills at Gran- ville and Roxbury. Mr. Rice is a Repub- lican. A Methodist; member of the church at Northfield. RICH, Arthur Max, Newport. Law stenographer. Born Boston, Mass., Oct. 12, 1884; son of Albert E. and L. Villa Rich. Educated in St. Johnsbury public schools, and graduate of St. Johnsbury Academy and Newport High School. Was law stenographer at Newport six years; assistant treasurer Orleans Trust Com- pany, Newport, for about a year ; assistant secretary to Senator Page at Washington, D. C, during 61 st Congress; stenographer for public service commission during sum- mer of 1910; official stenographer to clerk of Vermont House of Representatives, ses- sion of 1910. Is a Republican. Member of First Congregational Church, Newport. Member of Memphremagog Lodge No. 65, F. & A. M., of Newport. RICHARDSON, Charles W., Brattle- boro. Banker. Born Brattleboro, June 30, 1868; son of Lucius H. and Mary A. (Es- terbrook) Richardson. Educated at Brat- tleboro High School. In 1898 married Vinnie E. Elmer of Brattleboro; they have two children, Marion E. and Howard E. Has been cashier of Vermont National Bank since 1898. A Republican. A Uni- versalist. Member of Columbian Lodge No. 36, F. & A. M. ; the Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows; and the Vermont Wheel Club. RICHARDSON, Frederick A., Brat- tleboro. Merchant. Born Guilford, May 21, 1858; son of William F. and Sophia (Plummer) Richardson. Educated in the public schools. In 1878 married Helen Jane Willcutt of Brattleboro; they have three children, Annie E., William H., and Errol W. Mr. Richardson was employed by his father in Brattleboro previous to I896, when he purchased an interest in the meat business of W. F. Richardson & Co., and now operates markets on Main and Elliot streets. He is a Republican and a Universalist. RICHARDSON, Harrison A. E., Rox- bury. Farmer. Born Roxbury, Feb. 4, 1844; son of Joel and Susannah (Batchel- der) Richardson. Educated in the public schools. In 1866 married Sarah P. Pack- ard of Barnard; in 1888 married Jennie L. Cutler; they have six children, Myrton H., Arthur- H., Clayton H., Lillian G., Ethel B., and Harold C. In I86I enlisted as a private in Co. H, 6th Vermont Vol- unteers; he was in 26 different engage- ments, was wounded at Lee's Mills, April 16, 1862; the Wilderness, May, 1864; and at Cold Harbor, June 2, 1864, serving until regiment was discharged in 1864. Is a Republican; has been school director, highway commissioner, and held nearly all the minor town offices; member of board of real estate appraisers in 1898; was license commissioner in 1904; and has served as grand and petit juror several times; is chairman of the board of select- men. In religious belief is a Methodist. Was a member of Johnson Post No. 23, G. A. R., of Northfield until organization was disbanded; a member of Summit Grange No. 383, and its master for many years; formerly master Central Vermont Pomona Grange. RICHARDSON, Jacob, Jr., Concord. Grain dealer. Born Concord, Nov. 29, 1872; son of Jacob and Lovina (Kellogg) Richardson. Educated in the public schools of Concord and Essex County Grammar School. In 1894 married Ina Hill of St. Johnsbury ; they have two chil- dren, Jacob and Ida L. Began business life at the age of 20; taught school in the winters of 1890-92 and 1899-1901; in 300 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [RICHARDSON 1902 engaged in the meat business in Con- cord, selling out in 1906 and buying the Concord grist mill, which he still operates; in 1910 took as partner Richard N. South- worth of Concord; he also deals quite ex- tensively in cattle and stock for W. A. Ricker of St. Johnsbury. Is a Republi- can. Was school director 1902-7; select- man 1906-7; has been town auditor for several years. Is a Universalist. Mem- ber of Moose River Lodge No. 82, F. & A. M., of Concord; master of Concord Grange No. 408, 1909-10. RICHARDSON, Mvrton Harold, Roxbury. Salesman. Born Roxbury, March 4, 1871 ; son of Harrison A. E. and Sarah (Packard) Richardson. Educated at Rox- bury public schools. In 1897 married Ada L. French of Bethel; they have no chil- dren. Began business life as a farmer, later going into the shoemaking business in Manchester, N. H. ; was traveling sales- man 1899-1900; in 1902 entered employ of George A. Tilden as clerk, by whom he has since been employed. Mr. Rich- ardson is a Republican; has been petit juror; was selectman 1902; town agent and deputy sheriff 1908-10. Is a Congre- gationalist. Member of Bethel Lodge No. 35, I. O. O. F.; of Summit Grange No. 383, and has been its treasurer since its organization 1906. RICHARDSON, Orville H., Montpel- ier. Lumber and real estate. Born Waits- field, July 7, 1852; son of Ira and Harriet (Chapman) Richardson. Educated in the public schools. In 1877 married Alice M. Wilder of Waitsfield; they have two chil- dren, Carolyn Mary and Bernice Wilder. For 35 years has been engaged as lumber manufacturer and dealer, and the past 20 years in the real estate business. Is a Republican;, represented Montpelier in Legislature 1902; alderman two years. Member of Montpelier Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F. RICHMOND, George Henry, North- field. Postmaster. Born Northfield, Aug. 18, 1856; son of Samuel Udall and Sophia (Knapp) Richmond. Educated at Northfield High School and Wesleyan University. In 1881 married Hattie M. Sylvester of Northfield; they have two children, Mildred Gertrude (now Mrs. Fay H. Graves), and Ralph Robert. Established Northfield News 1879; re- ceived appointment of postmaster 1898, which he still holds. Is a Republican; in religious belief a Methodist; member of DeWitt Clinton Lodge No. 15, F. & A. M., of Northfield; the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; and Modern Woodmen of America. RICHOLD, Silas S., Burlington. Merchant. Born Washington, D. C, June 30, 1865; son of Leopold and Vir- ginia Richold. Educated in the public schools and Spencerian Business College, Washington, D. C. In 1906 married Miss Blanche Goldsmith of Baltimore, Md. For ten years with Saks & Co., Washington, D. C; transferred to Rich- mond, Va., branch for five years; return- ed to Washington and entered the firm of Eiseman Brothers, wholesale and retail clothiers, remaining six years; with Brill Brothers, New York, seven years ; man- ager Robert J. Mitchell's store, Elizabeth City, N. C; Jan. 12, I906, with his brother F. L. Richold and J. H. Mitchell, purchased B. Turk & Bros.' business and incorporated the B. Turk & Bro. Co., tail- ors, clothiers and furnishers. Member District of Columbia National Guard (Corcoran Cadet Corps) 12 years. A Republican; a Unitarian. Member Ma- sonic Fraternity; the Elks; Lake Cham- plain Yacht Club ; Ethan Allen Club ; Ver- mont Fish and Game League; Missisquoi Fish and Game Club; and the Military Club of Washington, D. C. New York residence, 24 West 45th Street. RICKER, William A., St. Johnsbury. Drover. Born Hardwick, June 8, I86I ; son of William and Lodema (Taisey) Ricker. Educated at Caledonia County Grammar School of Peacham, and Bryant & Stratton Commercial School, Boston, Mass. In 1899 married Carrie J. Esden of Peacham; they have two children, Alice Lillian and Albert Amasa. Has been en- gaged in the cattle and wool business since 1875, and for 15 years has carried on a butter and egg trade. Is a Republican; while living in Peacham was lister and the first school director ever elected in that town ; is now chairman of the Repub- lican town committee of St. Johnsbury; represented St. Johnsbury in the Legis- lature 1904; was on the committees on ways and means and railroads. Is mem- ROBERTS] MEN OF VERMONT 301 ber of the Congregational Church. Mem- ber of Passumpsic Lodge No. 27j F. & A. M. ; Haswell Chapter No. 11, R. A. M.; Palestine Commandery No. 5, K. T.; and of Council No. 230, United Commercial Travelers, of St. Johnsbury. RIDER, William Wallace, Bristol. Lawyer. Born Bristol, March 26, 1841; son of William C. and Livonia (Barlow) Rider. Educated in the public schools and Bristol Academy. In 1862 married Eliza- beth Morrison of Burlington. Studied law with Horatio Needham, continuing with A. V. Spaulding of Burlington; ad- mitted to the Vermont Bar 1 865 ; in ac- tive practice in Bristol until two years ago; for many years master in chancery; grand juror, and lister; was 30 years town agent. Is a Democrat; represented Bristol in the Legislature 1902; member of committees on judiciary and corpora- tions. Member of the Baptist Church; trustee for many years. ROBB, Clinton, Washington, D. C. Lawyer.. Born Guilford, Oct. 28, 1884; son of Isaac and Clara Slater (Matthews) Robb. Educated at Wesleyan University, and Boston University Law Schor)], I.L. B. (magna cum laude) 1909; preparatoi'y course was at Brattleboro Aoaticniy. In 1911 married Frances Forbes Draper of North Attleboro, Mass. Studied law wUh Morgan H. Beach, Washington, D. C; admitted to the bar of the District of (Co- lumbia I9IO; has since engaged in the general practice of his profession. A Re- publican; president Boston University Republican Club while at that institution; member of the legal fraternity of Gam- ma Eta Gamma; was chancellor of t!ie chapter at Boston University . Law School; member Wesleyan Alumni Associ- ation of Washington. BOBBINS, Merton Covey, New. York City. Publisher. Born Brattleboro, Aug. 18, 1875; son of Marcus R. and Almira (Covey) Robbins. Graduated from North Street School, Brattleboro, 1892, and Uni- versity of Vermont, B. S. in C. E., 1898. In 1900 married Florence Ruth Page of Burlington; they have two sons, Marcus Page and Merton Covey, Jr. After leav- ing college in 1898 was connected with advertising agency, New York, seven months; 1899-1907 western representative Engineering News in Chicago; 1907-9 western manager and vice president Swet- land Publishing Co.; 1909-10 advertising manager Class Journal Co., New York; now manager of the Iron Age, New York. Was battalion adjutant and lieutenant 1st Regiment Infantry, Vermont Volunteers, Spanish- American War 1898; service at Chickamauga Park, Ga. Mr. Robbins is a Republican. A Presbyterian; was dea- con in a Presbyterian church, Chicago, and leader of a Bible class for four years. Member of Kappa Sigma Fraternity; Military Order of Foreign Wars; Brattle- boro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; and En- gineers' Club, New York. ROBBINS, Ned Waldo, Cambridge. Manufacturer. Born Wolcott, Aug 16, 1878; son of Jacob Jenes and Belle (Noyes) Robbins; educated in the public schools. In 1905 married Susan C. Lang of Cambridge. From 1890-7 in partnership with William S. Noyes in the manufacture of hoe and fork handles, and bicycle rims; since 1897 manager Stand- ard Handle and Lumber Co., with busi- ness relations covering the United States. Is a Republican. A Congregationalist. Vice-grand of Mansfield Lodge No. 76, I. O. O. F. ROBERTS, Robert, Burlington. Law- yer. Born Manchester, Jan. 1, 1848; son of Daniel and Caroline D. (Martindale) Roberts. Educated at Burlington High School; Burr & Burton Seminary; Uni- versity of Vermont, graduating with hon- ors in the class of 1 869 ; Columbia College Law School; and for about a year in schools at Paris and Geneva. In 1886 married Minnie Elizabeth Lyman of Bur- lington. Admitted to the Vermont Bar 1871; student in Europe and contributor to American newspapers 1871-2; official reporter state Senate, sessions 1874, 1878, and 1880. Has practiced law in Burling- ton since 1872, excepting for two years of practice in Chicago, 1876-7; formed part- nership with his father, Hon. Daniel Rob- erts, under the firm name of Roberts & Roberts, which association continued until the death of the senior member in 1899; is director Merchants National Bank of Burlington; trustee of the University of Vermont and Vermont State Library; compiler and author of the Vermont Di- gest, 1910, being a diwst of all the de- 302 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [ROBINSON cisions of the supreme court of Vermont to and including volume 77 of the Ver- mont Reports. Is a Republican; repre- sented Burlington in the Legislature 1 882 ; city attorney 1887-9; senator from Chit- tenden County 1890; in the House, chair- man of the committee on revision of bills, and member of committee on judiciary; in the Senate, chairman of the committee on judiciary; elected mayor of Burlington in 1899, and re-elected in 1900 by a large piajority, and elected again for two years in 1910. Is president of the society of the College Street Congregational Church. Member of the college fraternities Delta Psi and Phi Beta Kappa; Vermont Bar Association; Ethan Allen Club, president 1899-1901; Algonquin Club, charter mem- ber; Sons of the American Revolution; and the Waubanakee Golf Club. ROBINSON, Edson, South Hero. Merchant. Born South Hero, Nov. 21, I860; son of Henry and Abagail (Wright) Robinson. Educated in the public schools of South Hero. In 1902 married Ida Rockwell of Plattsburg, N. Y. Followed farming on the homestead farm until 1882, when he went to Minneapolis, Minn. ; was connected with some of the largest shoe houses of Minneapolis and St. Paul as salesman and manager until July, 1901, when he returned to South Hero, and in October of that year with his brother Wallace purchased the gen- eral merchandise stock of the C. B. Irish estate, continuing business to date; Mem- ber of Isle of Patmos Lodge No. 17, F. & A. M.; Pomona Lodge of Grand Isle Co., and Grand Isle Grange No. 344. ROBINSON, Edwin G., Elmore. Farmer and lumber manufacturer. Born Stowe, Feb. 17, 1862; son of Amos and Sarah (Guild) Robinson. Educated in the public schools. In 1884 married Effie Maria Harlow of Stowe; they have one son, Roy Dana. Mr. Robinson fol- lowed farming previous to 1902, when the Stowe Lumber Co. was organized, and he was chosen director. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Universalist. ROBINSON, Elmer Elsworth, El- more. Lumber manufacturer. Born Stowe, Aug. 2, 1863; son of Amos and Sarah F. (Gile) Robinson. Educated in the public schools. In I89O married Estella L. Bryan of Waterbury. Is a member of the Stowe Lumber Co., manufacturers of lumber. Is a Republican ; represented El- more in the Legislature 19IO. In re- ligious belief a Congregationalist. A member of Mystic Lodge No. 56, F. & A. M., Stowe; has held the offices of junior deacon, senior deacon, junior warden, and senior warden. ROBINSON, Juan, South Hero. Merchant, town treasurer. Born South Hero, Jan. 23, 1851; son of Calvin F. and Lydia (Fletcher) Robinson. Edu- cated in the public schools of South Hero. In 1875 married Sarah L. Gordon of Grand Isle. Followed farming 1869 to 1904, when he purchased a store and has engaged in general merchandise business to date; in 1906 built a new house; post- master I9OO-4, and re-appointed in 1905, continuing to date; agent for State Insur- ance Co.; stockholder in South Hero Creamery. A Republican; represented Grand Isle in the Legislature 1884; Sen- ator from Grand Isle County, 1904; has held nearly all the town offices ; town treas- urer since 1907. An attendant of the Congregational Church. Member of Ma- sonic fraternity. Grange and Modern Woodmen of America. ROBINSON, RuFus Gersham, Berlin. Insurance agent. Born Noyan, P. Q., July 13, 1873; son of William and Agnes (Vaughan) Robinson. Educated in the public schools and Clarenceville Academy. In I895 married Katherine M. Kent of Calais; they have two children, Ruth K. and Rachel M. Commenced business life clerking in general store, resigning to en- ter home office of Vermont Mutual Fire Insurance Co., remaining there about 13 years; opened general insurance agency office in Barre city in 1905; elected secre- tary of Granite Mutual Fire Insurance Co. of Barre 1907; re-elected 19O8 and 1909; in 1910 elected secretary and treas- urer. Mr. Robinson is a Republican; has. held various town offices ; represented Ber- lin in Legislature I9O6. Is a Congrega- tionalist ; was for nine years clerk of Con- gregational Church, Montpelier. Is mem- ber Vincitia Lodge No. 10, Knights of Pythias; and of Vermont Automobile Club. ROEL, Austin W., Brattleboro. Farm- er. Born West Dummerston, Dec. 25, RUBLEE] MEN OF VERMONT 303 1853 J son of Charles Gowen and Julia A. (Ward) Reel. Educated in the public schools of Dummerston. Has been twice married: first to Clara Brooks of Otis- field, Me.; second, to Mrs. Celia (Yeaw) Eager of East Dover; they have an adopt- ed daughter, Isabel (Mrs. Roy E. Jones). At age of 21 employed on farm of Brat- tleboro Retreat, a year later appointed gardener, having served as such for 34 years; in 1910 advanced to farmer in chief, ranking among the foremost in his line. Has constructed seven miles of beau- tiful drives through the estate; under his guidance the farm is one of the most pro- ductive in New England, among his suc- cesses being a pumpkin weighing 40ll/^ pounds. Has been superintendent of ag- ricultural hall at the Valley Fair for 20 years, and one of the principal exhibitors for 25 years. A Democra,t; member Bap- tist Church. Prominent in Odd Fellow- ship, having passed through the principal chairs of the different branches of the or- der; past master of Protective Grange of Brattleboro. ROGERS, Frank M., Alburg. Phy- sician and surgeon. Born Panton, Feb. 17, 1876; son of Samuel and Mary (Matthews) Rogers. Educated in the public, schools of Panton; Vergennes High School, and University of Vermont, Medical Department, class of 1899- In 1900 married Sybil L. Morgan of Lin- coln ; they have one son, Watson Frank. Began the practice of medicine at Al- burg, January, I9OO, continuing to date; district surgeon for Rutland Railroad Co. ; consulting surgeon for Champlain Valley Hospital, Plattsburg, N. Y. A Repub- lican; health officer since 1903; school di- rector since 1909. Member and trustee of Congregational Church. Member of Dorchester Lodge No. 1, F. &. A. M., of Vergennes; Hill Chapter No. 14, of Al- burg; Lafayette Commandery, No. 3, K. T.; of St. Albans; Cairo Temple, Mystic Shrine, of Rutland; Chittenden County Clinical Society, and Vermont State Med- ical Society. ROSS, Edward H., of St. Johnsbury. Physician. Born St. Johnsbury, June 18, 1864; son of Jonathan and Eliza M. (Carpenter) Ross. Graduated from St. Johnsbury Academy 1882, Dartmouth Col- lege 1886, and Dartmouth Medical Col- lege 1891. In 1894 married Nellie O. Hersey of Wolfboro, N. H. ; they have two children, Ralph Hersey, and Helen Car- penter. Teacher Kimball Union Aca- demy, Meriden, N. H., 1886-87; Brewster Free Academy, Wolfboro, N. H., 1887- 88; interne St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Bos- ton, 1 890-91 ; director Brightlook Hospital Association 1899 to date; lecturer to nurses at Brightlook Hospital on practice of medicine 1899 to date. President Caledonia County Medical Society 1902-3; vice-president Vermont State Medical So- ciety 1910 ; president U. S. Pension Board Examining Surgeons Caledonia County. A Republican. A Congregationalist. Member of Passumpsic Lodge No. 27, F. & A. M., and Haswell Royal Arch Chap- ter No. 11, of St. Johnsbury. ROWELL, John W. Supreme court judge. See page 87. ROYS, Claude Alonzo, Boston, Mass. Manufacturer. Born Roxbury, June 10, 1880; son of George A. and Ella (Duns- more) Roys. Educated in the public schools, and a graduate of Northfield High School. Taught school from 1899-1901, when he went into the furniture and un- dertaking business in Northfield. In I9O8 sold out the business and engaged in the manufacture of embalming fluids in Bos- ton; is also a contractor and builder. Is a Republican. Member of the F. & A. M. RUBLEE, William Seymour, East Berkshire. Merchant. Born Enosburg, Aug. 24, 1867; son of Amherst W. and Susan M. (Smith) Rublee. Educated in the public schools of Berkshire, and East- man's Business CoUegp, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In 1895 married Martha E. Smith of East Berkshire ; they have two children, Raymond S., and William E. Engaged as clerk in the store of his father until 1894, when he purchased the store, which he has conducted lo date; appointed postmaster July 1, 1897, the office of postmaster hav- ing been in the family three generations ex- cepting eight years. A Republican; school director since 1909; town auditor from 1902 to 1909; deputy sheriff 1892-6. An attendant of the Congrega- tional Church. Member of Missisquoi Lodge No. 9, F. &. A. M. ; was charter worthy master two years of Trout River Grange, No. 355. 304 E]STCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [RUSSELL RUSSELLj Charles H., Grand Isle. Salesman. Born North Hero, Feb. 8, 1868; son of Charles B. and Abbie M. (Knight) Russell. Educated in the pub- lic schools of North Hero, and Burling- ton High School. In 1898 married Del- la Tobias of Grand Isle. Employed by the Delaware & Hudson R. R. Co., 1886-8; in 1888 removed to Grand Isle and began work in the store of H. W. Jackson; has been employed in the store for past 20 years. A Democrat; member of Democratic State committee for past eight years; has been selectman, overseer of the poor, deputy sheriiif, and town treasurer. Member of Isle of Patmos Lodge No. 17, F. &. A. M. ; and Hill Chap- ter No. 14, R. A. M. RUSSELL, George Albert, Lincoln. Physician. Born Monkton, July 24, 1879; son of Albert P. and Kate (Pot- ter) Russell. Educated at Bristol High School, class of 190I ; University of Ver- mont, Medical Department, class of 1906; and post-graduate work at University of Pennsylvania. In 1905 married Rena Belle Calahan of Bristol who died in 1907; in 1911 married Dorothy M. Graves of Vergennes. Has been engaged in prac- tice of medicine at Lincoln since I9O6; health ofHcer; examiner for, New York, Metropolitan, Connecticut General, New York Mutual Life, and the Massachusetts Mutual Life insurance companies, and Modern Woodmen of America. A Re- publican. Member of the Baptist Church; president of the board of trus- tees, the Local Young Men's Christian As- sociation, and member of State committee Young Men's Christian Association. Mem- ber of Libanus Lodge of Masons, the Grange, the Delta Chapter of the Alpha Kappa Kappa medical fraternity, Addison County Medical Society, Vermont State iledical Society, American Medical Asso- ciation, and consul of local camp of Mod- ern Woodmen of America. RUSSELL, Leroy C, Middlebury. Lawyer. Born New Haven, May 23, 1874; son of George S. and Ovanda (Car- ter) Russell. Graduated at Beeman Academy, New Haven, 1892; Middlebury College," B. S. 1897. In 1898 married May H. Rockwell of Ashtabula, O. ; they have one son, George L. Taught school in the state of New York, 1897-1900, the last year in Buffalo; in 1902 formed part- nership with J. E. Cushman of Burling- ton for practice of law at Middlebury, which continued until 1906; then became associated with W. H. Davis in law prac- tice, under name of Davis & Russell, which connection lasted until 1909; has since been in practice by himself in ]\Iid- dlebury. Is a Republican; states attor- ney of Addison County 1904-8. A mem- ber and one of the vestrymen of the Protestant Episcopal Church. Member of Union Lodge No. 2, F. & A. M.; Potter Chapter No. 22, R. A. M.; Mt. Calvary Commandery No. 1, Kniehts Templar; Cairo Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; mem- ber of Lake Dunmore Lodge No. 11, and Addison Encampment No. 27, I. O. O. F.; past grand of Lake Dunmore Lodge; and member of Grand Lodge of Vermont, I. O. O. F. RUSSELL, William Wallace, White River Junction. Bank cashier. Born Ply- mouth, N. H., May 22, 1876; son of Frank Webster and Louisa (Hall) Rus- sell. Educated in the public and high schools, Plymouth, with a post graduate course at Holderness School for boys. In 1906 married Bernice S. Macarthy of Springfield. Upon the close of his school life became a clerk in a Plymouth bank, and later with a Wells River bank; his bank clerkships lasting 1893-8, when he entered the Vermont state treasurer's of- fice as assistant to the late John L. Bacon of White River Junction; in I906 was made assistant cashier, and in 19O8 cash- ier of First National Bank of White River Junction, which latter position he still holds. From May 2 to Nov. 1, 1898, served in the Spanish-American war as sergeant-major, and 2nd lieutenant in the 1st New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry; 1901-9 adjutant in the 1st Infantry,- Ver- mont National Guard. Is a Republican. Member of United Brethren Lodge No. 21, F. & A. M.; Cascadnac Chapter No. 27, R. A. M.; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; the Military Order of Foreign Wars; and the Iroquois Club of White River Junction. RUTLEDGE, David J., Fair Haven. Hotel keeper. Born Brandon, July 4, 1857; son of George and Delia N. (Knowlton) Rutkdge. Educated in the public schools of Brandon. In 1888 mar- SANDERSON] MEN OF VERMONT 305 ried Elizabeth M. McGuire of Fair Haven; they have four children, Katherine M., Ed- mund M. (Naval Preparatory School, An- napolis, Md.) David J., Jr., and George T- Proprietor Douglass House, Bran- don, 1880-4; Park View House, Fair Ha- ven, 1884-90; Central House, Granville, 1 890-7 ; Colburn House, Manchester, 1 897- 1900; built Hotel Rutledge, Fair Haven, in 1900, remaining to 1907; Hotel Allen 1907 to date. A Democrat. Member of the Roman Catholic Church, and Troy Lodge of Elks. RUTTER, Harvey Thomas, Burling- ton. Banker. Born Burlington, Feb. 4, 1866; son of Thomas and Jane (Four- acre) Rutter. Educated at Burlington High School, and Burlington Business College. In 1889 married Elizabeth Simpson of Burlington; they have three children, Helen Elizabeth, Constance Al- bena, and Harvey Douglas. Mr. Rutter began business life as office boy with J. W. Goodell & Co.; with T. S. Peck insurance agency* as policy clerk 1881-85; shipping clerk Burlington Woolen Co. 1885-89; en- tered Howard National Bank as clerk in 1889, filling various positions until he be- came cashier in 1898, which position he still holds. Is a Republican; has been treasurer of the College Street Congrega- tional Church for ten years; is member of the Ethan Allen Club, and its auditor. RYDER, Herbert Daniel, Bellows Falls. Lawyer and manufacturer. Born Acworth, N. H., Nov. 12, 1850; son of Daniel Anderson and Elizabeth Ann (Brigham) Ryder. Educated in the pub- lic schools, Colby (N. H.) Academy, Oberlin College, Dartmouth College, A. B. 1876, A. M. 1879- In 1881 married Margaret Elizabeth Ball of Springfield; they had seven children, Jessie Eliza- beth, Margaret Sarah (deceased), Helen Winifred, Charlotte DivoU, Katherine Foster, Daniel Franklin, and Mary Scott. Principal Springfield High School three years; Bellows Falls High School six years; admitted to Vermont Bar 1880; practiced law in Springfield one year, and in Bellows Falls to present time; member of law firm of Ryder & Graham since 1907; connected with the manufacturing firm of Derby & Ball 1887-90; since 1906 the firm's manager. Mr. Ryder is a Re- publican; deputy collector internal rev- enue 1897-1904; states attorney for Windham County 1904-6; presidential elector 1908; has filled many town and village offices; justice of the peace since 1886; chairman of school board since 1889, county examiner of schools 20 years. Is a Congregationalist.' Member of King Solomon s Temple Lodge No. 45, F. & A. M.; Odd Fellows; Grange; West- minster and Bonheur Clubs. SABIN, James Thurston, Montpelier, Vt. Insurance. Born in Cambridge, July 16, 1842; son of Henry William and Fidelia (Thurston) Sabin. JEducated in the public and select schools and East- man's Commercial College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In 1873 married Mary A. Waite of Cambridge, who died in 1894; they had six children of whom four are now living, Henry Waite, HoUis Raymond, Margaret (Sabin) Pitkin, and Mary Doris Sabin. In 1902 married Mary L. Jacobs of Mont- pelier. Began business life in I860 as clerk in a general store, remaining until 1866, when he entered Eastman's Com- mercial College; in May, 1866, entered the secretary's office of the Vermont Mu- tual Fire Insurance Co., Montpelier; in 1872 elected secretary of the company, which position he still holds; has been a director of the company since 1891. Is a Republican. Member of Christ Church (Episcopal) of Montpelier. Member of Aurora Lodge No. 22, F. &. A. M.; King Solomon Chapter. No. 7, R. A. M. ; Mont- peher Council No. 4, R. & S. M. ; Mt. Zion Commandery No. 9, K. T. ; a 32 degree Scottish Rite Mason; member of Mt. Si- nai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Mont- pelier; has held office of secretary and re- corder of different Masonic bodies for several years, and at one time was high priest of the chapter; member of the Apollo Club of Montpelier, and its sec- retary since 1885. SANDERSON, Corbin L., Milton. Physician and surgeon. Born Milton, July 24, 1856; son of Leroy Y. and Electa E. Sanderson. Educated at Milton graded school. New Hampton Institute, Fairfax; and Medical Department University of Vermont. In 1898 married Annie E. Soper of Milton; they have one daughter, Beatrice. Has practiced medicine and surgery at Milton several years. A Re- publican. Liberal in his religious views. 306 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT | ; BIOGRAPHY [SARGENT SARGENT, Carl Theodore, Corinth. Merchant and postmaster. Born Corinth, April 10, 1862; son of Caleb Cushing and Cordelia Viva (Cooke) Sargent. Edu- cated at Cookeville Graded School, and Corinth Academy. Was postmaster at Corinth 1887-93, and again appointed in 1897, and still holds this office; has been engaged in store-keeping since 1879. Is a Republican; notary public; was clerk and treasurer of the Corinth Academy and Cookeville Graded School district a num- Jber of years. SARGENT, John Garibaldi, Ludlow. Lawyer. Born Ludlow, Oct. 13, I860; son of John Hemon and Ann Eliza (Han- ley) Sargent. Graduated from Black River Academy 1883; Tufts CoUege A. B. 1887. In 1887 married Mary L. Gordon of Ludlow; they have one daughter, Gladys Gordon. Studied law with Hon. Wm. W. Stickney ; admitted to the Vermont Bar 1 890 ; member of the law firm of Stickney, Sargent & Skeels. A Republican; States attorney Windsor County 1898-1900; sec- retary of civil and military affairs 1900-2; attorney-general of Vermont since 1908. Trustee of Black River Academy. Mem- ber Zeta Psi Fraternity, Kappa Chapter, Arctic Club, Ethan Allen Club of Burling- ton, and Vermont Association of Boston. SAULT, Joseph William, Ludlow. Editor and publisher. Born New York City, Sept. 4, 1851; son of William and Sarah (Hill) Sault. Educated at New York city public schools, Franklin Acad- emy, Malone, N. Y., and Washington County High School, Montpelier. In 1879 married Eunice A. Mosher of Roch- ester, who died 1883; they had one son, Albert Clarke. In 1885 married Mary M. Clark of St. Albans, who died 1894; in 1 898 married Lena L. Watson of North- wood Narrows, N. H. Served three years apprenticeship at printer's trade at Pal- ladium office, Malone, N. Y. ; connected with the Vermont Watchman and State Journal in Montpelier, 1875-1879; local editor St. Albans Daily Messenger 1879- 1880 and 1881-1890; associate editor St. Johnsbury Caledonian some three years ; editor and manager St. Johnsbury Repub- lican four years ; now editor and proprietor of Vermont Tribune at Ludlow. A Re- publican; clerk in office of sergeant-at- arms 1874; official reporter house of representatives 1894, 1902, 1904, 1906; official reporter state senate 1898; sec- retary of civil and military affairs under Governor Grout, 1896-98. A Congrega- tionalist. Member of Ludlow Grange; lecturer one term, overseer partial term, now master; president Okemo Literary Club of Ludlow three years. SAWYER, Arthur Augustus, White River Junction. Business man. Born Peterboro, N. H., Sept. 16, 1870; son of Amos A. and Lydia (Bass) Sawyer. Edu- cated in Peterboro public schools and high school. In 1897 married Edith M. Roberts of White River Junction. Began business life as bookkeeper in a whole- sale meat and provision house, St. Al- bans; later holding a like position in tbe St. Albans branch of Swift & Co., Chi- cago; in 1902 assigned manager of that corporation's plant in White River Junc- tion, where he has since remained. A Republican. A Uniyersalist. Member of Myrtle Lodge, and Rebekah Fidelity Lodge, I, O. O. F., White Rivej Junc- tion; United Brethren Lodge, F. & A. M., Casicadnac Chapter, R. A. M. ; Vermont Commandery, If, T. ; Mt. Sinai Temple, Mystic Shrine; and Wenona Chapter, O. E. S. SAWYER, Otis Cornelius, Sharon. Grain and lumber dealer. Born Felch- ville, Nov. 21, 1855; son of Daniel and Arabella (Ruggles) Sawyer. Educated in the public schools. In 1887 married Mary Stimson Barrett of Springfield; they had two children, both deceased, Maude A. and Harold Stimson. When a boy was employed in a chair factory and in a woolen mill in Proctorsville; later was clerk in a store; when 22 years of age purchased a general store in Felch- ville, which he later sold and went to the Dakotas, where he dealt quite extensively in land and real estate; in 1883 returned East, and purchased a store and market in Randolph; later was in business for a time in Perkinsville; in 1887 located in Sharon, engaged in general mercantile business, -and became one of the leading business men of the place; has erected several buildings, including a grist mill, in connection with which he has built a model cement dam; is an extensive lumber dealer. Is a Democrat; has served twice as postmaster of Sharon, resigning his SCOFIELD] MEN OF VERMONT 307 second appointment when elected to the state Legislature in 1896; has been a member and chairman of the Windsor County Democratic committee for years; in 1900 was delegate to the Democratic national convention in Kansas City from the second congressional district; has been justice of the peace 10 years. Attends the Congregational Church. SAXBY^ Edward Horace, Marshfield. Educator. Born Bakersfield, April 9, 1873; son of Parmenas Watt and Edna Charlotte (Snow) Saxby. Educated in . the public schools of Burke; five years in South Lancaster (Mass.) Academy, grad- uating from classical course in 1896. In 1896 married Delia Mae Gager of Nor- wich, Conn. ; they have three children, Archie Raymond, Harold Edward, and Evelyn Gager. Followed calling of pub- lic school teacher since 1 896, holding prin- cipalships in Burke and Corinth; and Marshfield since 1907. A Republican; member of Marshfield Lodge, Knights of Pythias ; and of the Grange. SCHOFF, Charles E., St. Albans. Banker and manufacturer. Born Brasher, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Dec. 12, 1866; son of Daniel and Katharine (Beeman) Schoff. Educated at public schools of Brasher, and State Normal School at Pots- dam, N. Y. In 1889 married Edith A. Rutherford of Ogdensburg, N. Y. ; they had no children; she died November, 1905. After leaving school worked on farm in summer and taught school in win- ter until 1883; bookkeeper for Marshall Field & Co., Chicago, 1883-5; purchased general store in company with John B. Wilson at Louisville, N. Y., 1885, con- tinuing this business until 1888; employed by Reed & Taylor, wholesale tobacconists, Burlington, 1888-91; manager Willard Manufacturing Co., St. Albans, 1891- 1900 ; in 1900 chosen director Franklin County Savings Bank, and its president from 1906 to date; treasurer and manager Robin Hood Ammunition Co., Swanton, from 1906 to date; state vice-president American Surety Co. ; director Anchor Cotton Mills, Louisville, Ky. In political convictions is a Republican; and in re- ligious belief a Congregationalist. SCHWENK, Anthony Franz, Brattle- boro. Lawyer. Born Brooklyn, N. Y., Sept. 9, 1873; son of Jacob and Mary (Meyer) Schwenk. Educated at Brattle- boro High School. In 1899 married Ma- bel M. Goodhue of Westminster; they have two children, Dorothy Anna and Elizabeth Goodhue. Admitted to Bar Oct. 15, 1897, and has practiced ever since. Is a Republican ; register of probate Marl- boro district 1896-1906; referee in bank- ruptcy Windham County 1898-1900; states attorney Windham County 1900-2; judge of probate Marlboro district 1906 to date. A Congregationalist. Past mas.- ter Columbian Lodge No. 36, F. & A. M. ; member Fort Dummer Chapter No. 12, R. A. M.; Beauseant Commandery No. 7, K. T.; Vermont Wheel Club. SCOFIELD, Columbus Sewkll, Rich- ford. Physician and surgeon. Born Sutton, P. Q., I860; son of Edwin and Canzada (Olin) Scofield. Educated at Sutton High School, Hampden High School, Wesleyan Academy, and Harvard Medical College. Began practice of medicine in Boston 1883; connected with West End Children's and Lowell Island hpspitals; member of Massachusetts Med- ical Society. First to use antiseptic pads in obstetrics; and reported use of same to Boston Lying-in Hospital and New York Medical Recorder; post-graduate McGill University 1896; certificate from Queen Charlotte Lying-in Hospital, London, Eng. ; life member of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, Eng. ; located in Bich- fprd 1897. President for two years of the Franklin County Medical Society; member of American Medical Association. Is a Republican. Represented Richford in the Legislature I9IO. In religious be- lief an Episcopalian; vestryman of Epis- copal Church of Richford for past five years. Member of Missisquoi Lodge No. 9, F. & A. M., of Richford; Mt. Sutton Chapter, R. A. M.; Lafayette Command- ery No. 3, K. T., St. Albans; Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., Montpelier; Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; Pat- riarchs Militant; surareon in Boston Can- ton with rank of niajor on colonel's staff for two years; member of Calumet Club of Richford; Richford Working Men's Re- lief Association; Fat Men's Club of Ver- mont; Harvard Club of Vermont; and Na- tional Geographic Society of Washington, D. C. 308 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [SCOTT SCOTT, Walter F., Brandon. Banker. Born BarrCj Dec. 5, 1856; son of Charles A. and Elvira H. Scott. Educated at Goddard Seminary, Barre. Clerk for Cen- tral Vermont Railway at Brandon, 1878- 80; teller Brandon National Bank 1880- 3; cashier since 1883. Is a Republican; town treasurer, Brandon, about 20 years, now holding the office; represented Bran- don in the Legislature 1906; senator from Rutland County 1908; member of House committees on ways and means, and banks, and chairman of Senate committee on banks, and member of committees on insurance, state and court expenses, and general committee. Member of St. Paul'^ Lodge No. 25, F. & A. M. ; worshipful master three years ; at present treasurer ; past high priest Farmers' Chapter No. 9, R. A. M. ; member Mt. Calvary Command- ery No. 1, K. T., Middlebury. SEARLES, J. Rolf, St. Johnsbury. Lawyer. Born Holland, March 22, 1881; son of John E. and Clara (Bishop) Searles. Educated at Derby Academy. In 1907 married Ida Louise Beck of St. Johns- bury. Admitted to Vermont Bar 1904, since which time has practiced law in St. Johnsbury ; in partnership with Robert W. Simonds since December, 1907. A Re- publican; has held various town offices; president of the village of St. Johnsbury two years; appointed by Governor Mead delegate from Vermont to the meeting of the uniform state laws commission held at Boston, Mass., August, 1911. Is an at- tendant of the Congregational Church. Member of Passumpsic Lodge No. 27, F. & A. M. ; Haswell Chapter No. 1 1, R. A. M.; Palestine Commandery No. 5, K. T.; Mount Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. SEAVER, Ezra Thomas, North Troy. Merchant. Born Albany, Jan. 12, 1858; son of Gilman Warren and Eliza (Rowell) Seaver. Educated at Craftsbury Acad- emy and Montpelier Seminary. In 1879 married Almeda Ewins of North Troy; they have two sons, Cleon WiUiam and Clive Gilman. Began business life as clerk in his father's store; for the past 85 years has been in the mercantile business for himself. Is a Democrat; chairman town committee ; postmaster at North Troy imder Cleveland's first administration; has been town treasurer four years. Is a Con- gregational! st. Past chancellor com- mander Trojan Lodge No. 20, K. P., and member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. SEAVER, Harley T., Barton. Mer- chant. Born Albany, July 24, I860; son of Gilman W. and Eliza (Rowell) Seaver. Educated at public schools and St. Johns- bury Academy. In 1885 married Amanda Davison of Craftsbury; they have two children, A. Clemma and Amory D. Mr. Seaver has been in the hardware business in Barton since 1884. Is a Republican; . represented Barton in Vermont Legisla- ture, 1902; has held all the town and vil- lage offices. Is a Congregationalist. Is past master of Orleans Lodge No. 55, F. & A. M., Barton; past eminent com- mander of Malta Commandery No. 10, K. T., of Newport; member of the Ma- sonic Grand Lodge of Vermont; and presi- dent of the Orleans County Fair Associa- tion. SEAVER, Lewis Mead, late of Williams- town. Born Williamstown, July 3, 1848; died Williamstown, Oct. 17, IpH; son of Ebenezer and Sophronia (Jillson) Seaver. Educated in the public schools of his na- tive town. In 1882 married Mary Abdell of Indiana, who died in 1900; they had one daughter, Louie S. (Mrs. Walter B. Simons); in 1904 married Musette HoUo- baugh of Washington, Pa. ; they had three children, Harrison Mead, Esther Holly, and Rebecca Rosette. When 16 years old went to Chicago with his widowed mother and engaged in newspaper publishing; re- moved to New York and engaged in ad- vertising business; in 1890 purchased the home farm in Williamstown, later becom- ing secretary-treasurer National Humane Alliance in New York, holding office 14 years; partner with Charles M. Seaver in grain and feed business. A Republi- can; school director 1904-7; town agent 1906; selectman nearly three years, and first selectman at the time of his death; represented Williamstown in Legislature I9O8; senator from Washington County 1910. Affiliated with the Congregational Church. SHANNON, James Daniel, Middle- bury. Catholic clergyman. Born Enosburg Falls, March 22, I86I; son of Matthew and Catherine (Harvey) Shannon. Edu- cated in the village school, Montreal Col- lege, Montreal, P. Q., and theological de- SHAW] MEN OP VERMONT 309 partment. University of Laval, Montreal. Ordained priest Dec. 22, 1888, at Mon- treal; had temporary charge of parishes of Fairfield Center and Bakersfield Jan. 1 to May 1, 1889; rector of parish at Underhill Center May S, 1889, to Oct. 1, 1899; rector of St. Mary's Church, Mid- dlebury, since Oct. 1, 1899; built present church at Underhill Center, also rectory; built new marble church at Middlebury, and new monastery connected with Fanny Allen Hospital, Winooski Park. Is a Democrat. Member of Roman Catholic corporation of the diocese of Burlington since its organization; and the corpora- tion of the Fanny Allen Hospital, Winoo- ski Park. Member of Knights of Colum- bus; and Catholic Order of Foresters. SHAW, Harry Chase, Brattleboro. Newspaper writer. Born Somerville, Mass., April 24, 1873; son of Henry M. and Celia (Batchelder) Shaw. Educated in the public schools in Boston and Cam- bridge, Mass., New Hampshire and Vei- mont, and by private tutor. In 1902 married Julia Marie Benedict of Cornwall ; they have four children, Francis Benedict, Dorothy Mida, Chase Sanborn and Rob- ert Graham. Learned printer's trade in New Hampshire; for several years cor- respondent for New York and Boston newspapers in New Hampshire; private secretary to Col. Joseph Battell, Middle- bury; later managing editor and business manager Middlebury Register; city editor Montpelier Daily Journal 1902; legisla- tive reporter 1902-S; engaged for about six years with Colonel Joseph Battell up- on composition of American Morgan Reg- ister; acting secretary American Morgan Registry Association; recording secretary Vermont Morgan Horse Breeders' Associ- ation; a writer on Morgan horses; private secretary to U. S. Senator Carroll S. Page at Washington 1908-9; now city editor Brattleboro Reformer and special corre- spondent for Boston and Vermont dailies; author of "Legislative Luminaries," pub- lished in 1911. A Republican. A Con- gregationalist. Member of Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M.; Otter Creek Lodge No. 33, K. P., of Middlebury; Pro- tection Grange No. 22, P. of H., and Ver- mont Press Association. SHAW, Henry Bigelow, Burlington. Lawyer. Born Burlington, Nov. 30, 1873; son of William Goodhue and Mary Alice (Bissell) Shaw. Educated at Bur- lington public schools. University of Ver- mont, and Harvard Law School. In 1901 married Fanny Dickson Grinnell of Bur- lington; they had four children, Eliza- beth Grinnell, Thomas, Mary Bissell, and William Goodhue, deceased. Admitted to the Michigan Bar Oct., 1900; practiced law in Detroit, Mich., 1900-2; in 1902 returned to Burlington, where he has since been in practice; formed partnership with Guy B. Horton 1911; lecturer on commercial law. University of Vermont, since I9OI. Is a Republican; city grand juror 1907-8; U. S. commissioner 1907- 8; states attorney since 19O8. In religious belief an Episcopalian; trustee and treas- urer Vermont Episcopal Institute. Mem- ber of Ethan Allen Club; Waubanaukee Golf Club; Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M.; Burlington Chapter No. 3, R. A. M.; and Society of Colonial Wars. SHAW, Henry Hathic, Marlboro. Clergyman. Born in Barnet, Dec. 21, 1837; son of John and Elizabeth (Harri- man) Shaw. Educated in the common schools and Peacham Academy; taught in the common schools for several years, and graduated from Middlebury College, 1865. In 1867 married Lucy F. Whit- ney of Saxtons- River; they had three children, Harry, Anna (died in infancy), and Minnie. Principal Chester Academy, 1865-7; Springfield High School 1867- 72; Burr and Burton Seminary, Man- chester, 1872-8; Glenwood Classical Seminary, West Brattleboro, 1880-94. While teaching read theology privately with Dr. Lord and President Hulbert; was licensed to preach by the Springfield and Claremont Association 1870, and two years later granted the same privilege for life fcy the Rutland and Bennington As- sociation of Congregational Ministers. In I894 received a call from Congregational Church, Marlboro, to become its pastor, began work May 1, 1894; was ordained June, 1895, holdinsr pastorate to date. Superintendent of schools in the towns of Chester, Springfield, Brattleboro, and since 1895 of Marlboro. A Republican of the progressive order; represented Marlboro in the Legislature in 1904 and 1906; member of committee on education and military affairs 1904, and on educa- tion and railroads 1906, being clerk of 310 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [SHAW committee on education both sessions. :M ember of the Grange, and interested in the progressive work in agriculture; lec- turer in Marlboro Grange since its or- ganization. SHAW, William Alden, Northfield. Local forecaster, U. S. Weather Bureau. Born Northfield, July 25, 1864; son of William O. and Elizabeth (Kingsley) Shaw. Educated at Northfield High School, and Norwich University, class of 1888. In 1890 married Fannie Ellen Holt of Woodstock; they have two chil- dren, Heber Ernest and Ethel Louise. Entered U. S. Weather Bureau 1888; has been stationed at Boston, Mass., Portland, Me., New York City, Pierre, S. D., and Sioux City, la.; in charge of station at Northfield since 1896; appointed local forecaster in 1906; professor of meteor- ology in Norwich University; member of the board of trustees of Norwich Univer- sity, and secretary of the corporation. Is a Republican. Is past master DeWitt Clinton Lodge No. 15, F. & A. M.; past high priest King Solomon Chapter No. 7, R. A. M. ; eminent commander Mount Zion Commandery No. 9, K. T. ; member of Mystic Shrine ; American ' Geographical Society; Vermont Historical Society; and Vermont Fish and Game League. SHEA, Daniel Augustus, Burlington. Physician. Born Nashua, N. H., Nov. 9, 1881; son of Dennis and Catherine (O'Connor) Shea. Educated in the pub- lic and High Schools of Nashua, N. H., Holy Cross College, Worcester, Mass., and University of Vermont, College of Medi- cine. Instructor in medicine University of Vermont 1909-12; instructor in phys- ical diagnosis. University of Vermont, 1909-12; attending physician to Fanny Al- len Hospital, 1906-12; city physician 1910 and 1912. A Democrat. Member Roman CathoUc Church. Member of American Medical Association; Vermont Medical Society; Burlington and Chitten- den County Clinical Society; Knights of Columbus; Order of Elks, and Foresters of America. SHEDD, Charles Gale, Keene, N. H. Druggist. Born South Wallingford, May 18, 1865; son of Charles Wesley and Sarah Frances (Doty) Shedd. Charles W. Shedd was an orderly sergeant in Co. H, 14th Vermont Volunteers; was in Stan- nard's brigade, and later in Capt. Bald- wiia's Frontier Cavalry. Educated at Keene (N. H.) High School, graduated in 1881. In 1891 married Rhoda Jane Colburn of Shrewsbury; they have three children. Gale Colburn and Paul Wesley, twins, born July 14, 1892, and Charles Herbert, born Feb. S, 1907. Entered drug store of BuUard & Foster, May 18, 1880, as apprentice; in same store con- tinuously since then as clerk and proprie- tor; on the death of E. M. BuUard, in 1899, the business was incorporated as The BuUard & Shedd Co., of which he is treasurer, manager, and nearly sole own- er; does a wholesale and retail business. President Keene Forestry Association, conducting woodland proposition, and also the largest white pine nursery in the east- ern states; Keene Park Corporation; New Hampshire State Pharmaceutical Associ- ation; vice-president Keene Commercial Club; treasurer Cheshire Chair Corpora- tion; Keene Chorus Club; secretary-treas- urer of trustees of New Hampshire State Sanatorium for care and cure of tubercu- losis; appointed by governor member state commission for study of tuberculosis in New Hampshire. A Republican; chair- man city committee ; member state commit- tee; president common council 1891; mayor of Keene 1911-12; represented Keene in the Legislature 1899-1901; sena- tor from Cheshire County 1907-8; mem- ber and chairman board of health ten years. A Unitarian; president Unitarian Club. Past high priest Cheshire Royal Arch Chapter; past master Social Friends Lodge; past grand high priest Grand Royal Arch Chapter of New Hampshire; member Hugh De Payens Commandery, K. T.; Bektash Temple, Mystic Shrine, Concord; New Hampshire Consistory, 32 degrees, Nashua; thirty-third degree Ma- son, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction; past state president Sons of American Revolu- tion; member Red Men, Knights of Pyth- ias, and Sons of Veterans. SHELDON, Charles L., Sheffield. Farmer. Born Swanton, May 14, 1849; son of George and Lucy (Bohannon) Shel- don. Educated in the public schools of Sheldon. In 1869 married Annie Sweet of Sheldon; they have five children, Bert C, Herman A., Flora M. (Mrs. Barber), Martha A. (Mrs. Brown), and Edward C. SHERRY] MEN OF VERMONT 311 Purchased the Hendric farm in Sheffield in 1869, remaining thereon until 1881 when he went to Troy, where he carried on the largest farm in Troy for 14 years; in 1895 returned to Sheffield, where he has since remained; in 1910 purchased the Charles Ingalls farm in Sheffield; owned the Hendric farm for 40 years, disposing of it in 1911 ; member of the mercantile firm of Hill & Sheldon 1908-10. Is a Re- publican; overseer of the poor 191O; town grand juror of Sheffield for past two years. In religious belief a Baptist. Master of Sheffield Grange since 1909; member of the Order of United American Mechanics. SHEPARDSON, Frederick H., Rich- mond. Secretary and manager Vermont Condensed Milk Co. Born Fletcher, June 18, 1866; son of David A. and Orissa (Squires) Shepardson. Educated at God- dard Seminary and Eastman's Business College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In 1888 married Grace M. Goucher of Lowell, Mass. ; they have two children, Frederick W. and Nina G. Member of the firm of J. M. Beeman & Son, general produce, Fairfax, 1888-91; in the produce business in Boston 1891-1893; in 1893 bought out the Gleason creameries in Richmond, forming the Quinby Butter Co., Incorpo- rated, which sold out in 1896 to the Ver- mont Condensed Milk Co., of which he has since been secretary and superintend- ent. Is a Republican; represented Rich- mond in the Legislature 1894. Member of the Congregational Church. Member of the Masons, Knights of Pythias, and Ethan Allen Club, of Burlington. SHERBURNE, Hermon K., Rutland. Physician. Born Wilmington, July 12, 1855; son of Rev. Joseph A. and Miranda (Barrows) Sherburne. Educated in the public schools; graduated from Montpel- ier Seminary, business department, class of 1874; and American School of Osteop- athy, Kirksville, Mo., class of 1899. In 1883 married Ada L. Boyce of Fayston, who was killed in the tornado which vis- ited Kirksville, Mo., April 27, 1899; they had one son, Theodore Vail (deceased) ; in 1902 married Dr. Mary A. Burbank of Chelsea; they have one son, Hermon K., Jr. Employed for about eight years as clerk in a general store ; traveling sales- man for, a wholesale Boston house two years; bookkeeper in wholesale and retail grocery store 15 years. After graduating in osteopathy located in Fitchburg, Mass., where he practiced about a year; prac- ticed at Keene, N. H., a little more than a year; and later at Littleton^ N. H., and during the summer months had an office at Bethlehem, N. H. ; since April, 1903, has practiced at Rutland. A Republican. A Methodist, member of the board of stew- ards. Member of Hiawatha Lodge No. 20, I. O. O. F., of Barre; American Osteo- pathic Association: Vermont State Osteo- pathic Association; and president of the state board of osteopathic examination and registration. SHERBURNE, John Calvin, Ran- dolph. Lawyer. Born Pomf ret, Aug. 31, 1883; son of John C. and Cynthia E. (Giddings) Sherburne. Educated in Pomfret public schools, Woodstock High School, University of Vermont, A. B. 1904; studied law at Oxford University, England, as Rhodes scholar from Vermont, 1904-7. Mr. Sherburne is unmarried. Admitted to Vermont Bar, 19O8. Referee in bankruptcy for Orange County 19O8 to date. Is a Republican. A Congrega- tionalist. Member of Phoenix Lodge No. 28, F. & A. M., and of Whitney Chapter No. 5, R. A. M. SHERMAN, Alfred Leavenworth, Burlington. Lawyer. Born Charlotte, Apr. 23, 1870; son of Alfred W. and Lydia A. (Leavenworth) Sherman. Educated, Cas- tleton State Normal School, graduating in the class of 1887; attended Vermont Acad- emy, St. Johnsbury Academy, special course at University of Vermont; Boston University Law School graduate 1898, de- gree LL. B. cum laude, doing three years' course in one year. In 1902 married Mary Edna Cushman of Burlington. Admitted to Vermont Bar Oct. 14, 1898; member of law firm of Cushman & Sherman, 1899- 1905; city grand juror, 1902-3; states at- torney, Chittenden County, 1904-1908. A Republican. An attendant of the Congre- gational Church. Member of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. ; member of the governing board of the Ethan Allen Club ; member Camp Alpha, M. W. A. Is pro- bation officer, Chittenden County. SHERRY, Ralph D., Groton. Post- master. Born Littleton, N. H., July 15, 1868; son of Daniel and Myra S. 312 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [SHERWIN (Brown) Sherry. Educated in the public schools of Monroe, N. H., St. Johnsbury Academy, and Mclndoes Academy. In 1889 married Abbie H. Ross of Water- ford; they have one son, Paul Dan. In 1886 engaged as clerk in dry goods store in Littleton, N. H.; later in St. Johns- bury; in 1891 came to Groton and started with B. F. Clark a harness and carriage business under the firm name of Clark & Sherry, remaining in the firm about six years; in the employ of J. R. Darling, general store and lumber business, 1897- 1905; postmaster at Groton 1905-11; built the postoffice building at Groton 1905. Is a Republican; served as lister seven years; constable and tax collector two years ; one of the village trustees since 1908. Member of Pulaski Lodge No. 58, F. & A. M., Wells River; Caledonia Lodge No. 15, K. P., Groton; Groton Camp No. 8514, M. W. A.; Groton Grange; and Caledonia; Forest and Stream Club. SHERWIN, Enos Heman, Johnson. Ticket and freight agent. Born Hyde Park, June 8, 1850; son of Lyman Bar- rows and Hannah Kimball (Baker) Sher- win. Educated at LomoiUe Central Acad- emy, Hyde Park; Peoples' Academy Morrisville; Johnson Normal School, and Eastman's Business College, Poughkeep- sie, N. Y. In 1878 married Flora A. Hogaboom; they have no children. Has been engaged in railroad work for 34 years with one company. A Republican; one of the leaders in town and county af- fairs; chairman board of selectmen four years; village trustee 14 years; repre- sented Johnson in the Legislature 1896, member committee on claims. In reli- gious preference a Congregationalist. Past senior warden Waterman Lodge No. 83, F. & A. M., and secretary 14 years; mem- ber Independent Order of Odd Fellows; the Grange; past chancellor, prelate, and trustee Knights of Pythias; first patron Johnson Chapter, O. E. S.; D. D. G. P. three years Tucker Chapter, R. A. M., and high priest two years; D. D. G. H. P. Burlington Council, R. & S. M., a Knight Templar, and a Shriner. SHIPMAN, James Francis, Water- bury. Partner. Born North Springfield, Sept. 18, 1844; son of Isaiah and Char- lotte R. (Cook) Shipman. Educated in public schools and Franconia, N. H., High School. In 1865 married Julia E. Sar- gent of Danville, who died in 1882; they had five daughters, Mary C, Nellie M., Emma C, Helena B., and Julia M.; in 1883 married Mary J. Fogg of Enfield, N. H. Began business life as a farmer in New Hampshire; moved to Danville 1867; since 1891 has been engaged as farmer for Vermont State Hospital at Wa- terbury. Is a Republican; represented Water bury in the Legislature 1904; was on the committees on agriculture and banks. Is director in Waterbury Na- tional Bank. Is a member of the Con- gregational Church. Member of Mentor Lodge No. 51, I. O. O. F.; Alhambra En- campment No. 20, I. O. O. F.; Emerald Rebekah Lodge No. 33 ; and Grand Lodge of Vermont, I. O. O. F. SHURTLEFF, Harry C, Montpelier. Lawyer. Born Plainfield, Dec. 28, 1871; son of Stephen C. and Elizabeth M. (Pratt) Shurtleif. Educated at Montpel- ier High School and University of Ver- mont, Ph. B. 1895. In 1905 married Louisa F. Hammond of Turin, N. Y. Was admitted to Bar of Vermont 1897, and has since practiced law at Montpelier; is attorney for Montpelier and WeUs River Railroad, and for Barre Railroad Co. Is a Democrat; was Democratic candidate for attorney general 1910; school director on Montpelier school board 1899-1902, and trustee of Washington County Gram- mar School. Is a Congregationalist; a member of Bethany Congregational Church of Montpelier. A member of the Apollo Club of Montpelier. SINCLAIR, Frank Oscar, Burlington. Civil engineer. Born Burlington, Sept. 7, I860; son of Orville and Augusta Mar- tha (Brown) Sinclair. Educated in the public schools of Burlington, and Univer- sity of Vermont, C. E. 1882. In 1882 married Katherine A. Enright of Alburg; they have three children, Jesse Hawkins, Charlotte Augusta, and Hugh Enright. Assistant engineer on survey and con- struction Canada-Atlantic Railway, in charge of supplies at Coteau, P. Q., mak- ing soundings and contour map of the bed of St. Lawrence river and shore in the vicinity for purpose of locating bridge; later in charge of lines, grades and ballast- ing 80 miles of the railway. Assistant city engineer of Leavenworth, Kan., con- SLEEPER] MEN OF VERMONT 313 structing sewer system 1882-3; assistant engineer Missouri Pacific Railway on maintenance of way, Kansas City to Omaha, and central branch of Union Pa- cific, 1883-4; in 1885 with Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific as assistant engineer, and later as division engineer on exten- sions in Missouri, Kansas and Nebraska; chief of party on surveys, headquarters Horton, Kan. September, 1887, Princi- pal assistant engineer in charge of all field work locating and constructing Knox- ville Southern Railway, from Knoxville, Tenn., to Blue Ridge, Ga. ; also located what was at that time, according to edi- torial note in Engineering News of May, 1891, "the most complete railway spiral in the world." Engineer Ducktown Sul- phur, Copper and Iron Co. 1891 -2-; en- gineer Burlington and Essex Junction electric road; also same in Gloversville, Waterford, and Mechanicsville, N. Y. ; the Bolton Falls dam at North Duxbury ; Bur- lington city engineer, three years, and su- perintendent water works two years; now consulting engineer for Village of Hard- wick in dam construction and improve- ments in electric light plant; consulting engineer town of Brattleboro, preparing plans for viaduct to carry Bridge street, in Brattleboro village, over railroad tracks to Connecticut River bridge; President Vermont Association of Engineers. Is a democrat ; city assessor three years ; alder- man four years. A Methodist; member American Society Civil Engineers, Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows, Algonquin Club. SKINNER, Chauncey S., Orleans. Lumber merchant. Born Newport, Feb. 1, 1 850 ; son of Ira and Caroline (Lawrence) Skinner. Educated in the public schools. In 1875 married Ella A. Brown of Or- leans; they have four children, Fred C. (deceased), Roy D., Ray B., and Ruth M. Was in the hardware business until 1875; in the flour, feed and grain business 1878-92; after 1883 was also in lumber business near Newport Center; in 1892 purchased township in Franklin County, Maine, and started in the manufacture of lumber under the firm name of Skinner, French & Co., with stores and mills at Skinner, Me., on C. P. R. R.; is a director in Central Savings Bank and Trust Co. Is a Republican; has filled town and vil- lage offices; r.epresented Barton in the Legislature in 1888; senator from Orleans County 1904. In religious preference a Congregatiorialist. A member of Valley Lodge No. 106, F. & A. M., Orleans. SLACK, Leighton P., St. Johnsbury. Lawyer. Born Woodstock, June 18, 1867; son of Joel B. and Mary (FuUam) Slack. Educated in the public schools, and Black River Academy, Ludlow. In 1899 mar- ried Leah E. Mears of Marshfield; they have one daughter, Ruth Estelle. Studied law with Stephen C. Shurtleff and Melville E. Smilie, Montpelier; admitted to Ver- mont Bar 1892, and two years later to practice in the United States Courts; prac- ticed law in Barre with Frank J. Mar- tin, 1892-5; since 1895 in partnership with Hon. Alexander Dunnett, St. Johns- bury. Is a Republican. Has been presi- dent of the village of St. Johnsbury, and was law agent of the town for twelve years; states attorney for Caledonia County 1898-1900; senator from Cale- donia Coimty 1904, serving as chairman on the general committee and joint stand- ing committee on temperance, and as a member of the committee on judiciary, and joint standing committee on game and fisheries; was appointed by Governor Proctor a member of the tax commission in 1907, and served until the work of the commission was completed ; lieutenant gov- ernor of Vermont 1910-12. Is a trustee of Passumpsic Savings Bank and of Black River Academy. Is a member of Palestine Commandery No. 5, Knights Templar, and the subordinate Masonic bodies; also of Mount Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., and represented that body in the Imperial Council 1911; past chancellor Apollo Lodge, Knights of Pythias; member of Grand Lodge of Ver- mont, and was a member of the Grand Tribune of the latter body for several years. In ' religious belief a Congrega- tionalist. SLEEPER, Albert E., Bad Axe, Mich. Banker. Born Bradford, Dec. 31, 1862; son of Joseph Edson and Hannah Sleeper. Educated at Bradford Academy. In 1901 married Mary C. Moore of Lex- ington, Mich. President First National Bank, Yale, Mich.; Citizens Bank, Ubley, Mich., and Commercial State Bank, Mar- letto, Mich.; also interested in several 314 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [SMITH other successful enterprises. A Republi- can; president Lexington village^ and library board; senator, 2Qth District, 1901-2 and 1903-4; member of state central committee; was unanimously nominated as state treasurer at conven- tion held at Detroit, Sept. 29, and elected Nov. 3, 19O8; re-iiominated at 1910 con- vention and elected by upwards of 100,- 000 majority, and still serving in that capacity. An Episcopalian. A Blue Lodge, Chapter, Commandery, and 32 de- gree Mason, also member, of the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows. SMITH, Charles A., Montpelier. Marble manufacturer. Born Middlesex, Nov. 11, 1854; son of John W. and Maria S. (Kinson) Smith. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Montpelier High School. In 1881 married Carrie E. Brown of Lebanon, N. H.; they have two children, Florence M. and George F. Began working marble for Henry Cobb in 1 873 ; in 1885 purchased the business which he has since conducted. Is a Republican. Alderman 1896; was city constable 1904 to 19O8; and is now deputy sheriff. In religious belief a Unitarian. Member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Benevolent Protective Order of Elks; at one time captain of Gen. Stephen Thomas Camp Sons of Veterans.- SMITH, Charles P., Burlington. Banker. Born St. Johns, P. Q., March 4, 1847; son of Frederick and Mary (Foote) Smith. Educated in the public schools of Burlington. In 1879 married Anna A. Pease of Oswego, N. Y. ; they have four children, Julia W., Levi P., Frederick F., and Charles P., Jr. Purchased small grain and feed business in 1867; elected trustee Burlington Savings Bank 1884, and president in 1889, when he assumed active management of the bank; director and treasurer Mary Fletcher Hospital; treasurer University of Vermont; director National Life Insurance Co., Montpelier, and Central Vermont Railway; trustee Home for Aged Women, Home for Desti- tute Children, and Young Men's Christian Association. Is a Republican; represented Burlington in the Legislature 1894 and 1896; chairman of ways and means com- mittee both sessions, and member of com- mittee on banks; senator from Chittenden County 1898; chairman of Senate commit- tee on finance, and member of committees on banks and state and court expenses. Member of the First Congregational Church. Member of Algonquin Club and Ethan Allen Club. SMITH, Clement Frank, Morrisville. Farmer. Born Morristown, July 29, 1856; son of Daniel and Betsey Pike Smith. Educated in the public schools and Peo- ple's Academy. In 1878 married Mary Ann Burnham of Enfield, N. H.; they have seven children, Mabel Clementine, Lily Ada, Grace Bell, Rhuamah May, Alice Burnham, Mark Burnham and Frances Winona. Purchased his father's farm in Morristown in 1880, where, by buying several additions thereto, he built up Laporte Dairy Farm, which acquired a state-wide reputation for its meadows, fields and fine Jersey stock. In 19O8 he purchased the Dorchester Heights property in Morrisville, which he has since occupied. In addition to farm- ing has handled all kinds of farm and dairy machinery. Is a Republican; rep- resented Morristown in the Legislature 1894; has held various town offices; is prominent in the Dairyman's Association, and a member of the state board of agri- culture and forestry. A member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, steward for 35 years, and superintendent of the Sun- day school for many years. Member of Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 8, F. & A. M., of Mor- risville; Eastern Star; New England Or- der of Protection; was the first master of Lamoille Grange; was overseer of the State Grange eight years, and since 19O8 has been master. SMITH, Clifford Hayes, Burlington. Congregational clergyman. Born Brat- tleboro, Aug. 17, 1856; son of Samuel Gilbert and Sophia (Elliot) Smith. Edu- cated at Brattleboro Academy, Dartmouth College, and Yale Divinity School. In 1887 married Martha Louise Votey of Fairfax; they have one son, Howard Votey. Ordained to ministry of Congre- gational Church Aug. 22, 1882; pastor Sherburne and Pittsfield, 1882-3; Warren 1884-7; Townshend and Newfane 1887- 92; Pittsford, I892-191I; superintendent Vermont Anti-saloon League since 1911 Member and served as chaplain Nickwack- ett Grange, Pittsford. SMITH] MEN OF VERMONT 315 SMITH, Edgar Burr, Brattleboro. Educator. Born Brattleboro, Nov. 24, 1870 5 son of Eri E. and Leonora (Brown) Smith. Graduated from Brattleboro High School in 1888, and from Amhei'st Col- lege, A. B. 1894. In 1895 married Jen- nie Cora Morse of Brattleboroi ; they have two children, Janette Leonora and Richard Burr. Was submaster in Mr. Leal's school for boys, Plainfield, N. J., 1894- 1905; principal Brattleboro High School since 1905. He is independent in politics; a Unitarian; member Psi Upsilon Frater- nity, and Brattleboro Lodge No. 102, F. & A. M. SMITH, Edward C. Governor 1898- 1900. See page 49. SMITH, Ephhaim John, Newport. Secretary to member of Congress. Born North Stratford, N. H., Sept. 27, 1880; son of John O. and Elizabeth (Crane) Smith. Educated at Newport High School, Dartmouth College, and National University Law School. In 1909 married Gertrude Elizabeth Thompson of North Brookfield, Mass. Taught two years as principal of Lowville Central Academy, Hyde Park; at present secretary to Hon. Frank Plumley, Member of Congress. A Republican. Was member Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity, when in college. SMITH, Frank Edgar, Montpelier. Machinist. Born Manchester, N. H., March 16, 1850; son of Calvin and Su- sannah (Bowman) Smith. Educated at Lakieport, N. H., public schools and La- conia Academy. In 1879 married Fannie E. Doton of Berlin; they have no chil- dren. Was a member of the firm of Smith Bros. & Co., dry goods merchants and tailors, 1871-2; since then has been em- ployed as a machinist; for the past 30 years has been in the employ of the Lane Manufacturing Co. Served in the state militia at Lawrence and Lowell, Mass., and Biddeford, Me. Is a Republican ; was member of board of license commissioners, Montpelier, 1904-5; alderman from ward five 1908-10. By religious preference a Unitarian. A member of Vermont Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F.; Thomas Wildey En- campment No. 11, I. O. O. F. ; Ivy Re- bekah Lodge No. 24, L O. O. F.; Green Mountain Council No. 9, Jr..O. U. A. M. ; Stannard Lodge No. 137, N. E. O. P.; past grand warden Grand and Supreme Lodges, N. E. O. P.; member Grand Lodgie and Grand Encampment, I. O. O. F. ; past chancellor Wamesit Lodge No. 25, K. P"., Lowell, Mass.; also captain Montpelier Canton, P. M., when that or- ganization was in operation. SMITH, Fred Elisha, Stowe. Manu- facturer. Born Stowe, Sept. 18, 1869; son of Lemuel B. and Nancy E. (Towne) Smith. Educated at Stowe High School, and People's Academy, MorrisviUe. In 1892 married Martha M. Waite of Shore- ham; they had three children, Venila Ann (deceased), Isabelle Charity, and Waite L. B. Formed partnership with his father as L. B. Smith & Son, continuing until 1896; rented the mill property for four years before purchasing where he manufactures parchment-lined butter boxes, employing from 20 to 30 men in the work; has acquired some 1800 acres of timber land, including two farms, with an interest in 150 square miles of Can- adian timber land; at present completing factory for the manufacture of parcel ladles, with capacity of 100,000 per day, from special machinery of his own design. Is a Republican; has held nearly all the town offices ; represented Stowe in the Leg- islature 1908. A Unitarian. Member Mystic Lodge No. 56, F. & A. M.; Tucker Chapter No. 15, R. A. M.; Lamoille Com- mandery No. 13, K. T. ; and Mt. Sinai Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of MontpeUer. SMITH, Frederick Charles, Addi- son. Farmer. Born Addison, Feb. 19, 1870; son of Daniel C. and Mary L. (Hol- comb) Smith. Educated at a Rutland pri- vate school conducted by Miss Clark, and Albany Business College. In 1893 mar- ried Belle Bushnell of Starksboro; they have two children, J. Bushnell, and Mary L. A Republican; represented Addison in the Legislature 1908-9. Member of Mt. Calvary Commandery, K. T., of Mid- dlebury. SMITH, George Dana, Burlington. Librarian. Born Waterbury Center, son of John Downer and Mary Jane (Camp) Smith. Educated at Green Mountain Seminary, Waterbury Center; and took course in library science at Am- herst College library, Amherst, Mass. Has held the positions of assistant post- 316 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [SMITH master^ Waterbury; Canadian money-or- der exchange clerk, St. Albans; book- keeper and cashier for Wells & Richard- son Co., Burlington; assistant in Amhej-st College library, Amherst, Mass.; assistant librarian, Watkinson Library of Refer- ence, Hartford, Conn.; and since Septem- ber, I9O8, librarian of Fletcher Free Li- brary, Burlington. A Republican. A Unitarian. Member of Sons of Amer- ican Revolution, and Ethan Allen Club. SMITH, Henry George, New York City. Capitalist. Born Bridgewater, June 29, 1869; son of George Elihu and Mary (Southgate) Smith. Educated in the dis- trict schools of Bridgewater, and St Johnsbury Academy. In 1907 married Helen Gaines Clarke of Mobile, Ala. ; they have two children, Richard Clarke, and George Gaines. In 1887 entered employ of Rutland Railroad Co. in office of Perci- val W. Clement, its president; connected with building Ticonderoga Railroad I89I; in I892 elected treasurer Rutland Rail- road, and in 1892 treasurer Bristol Rail- road Co., and until 1896 associated with the building and operating of that road; from I896 to 1902, as treasurer, purchas- ing agent and vice-president, had to do with operation of the Rutland Railroad and its extension and consolidation with the Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain Rail- road, Bennington and Rutland Railroad, Rutland Transit Steamship Line, the Rut- land-Canadian Railroad and the Rutland and Noyan Railroad, including the con- struction of the last two named roads. Retired from active railroad business after the sale of the Rutland system to the New York Central interests in 1902. In 1904-5 was in South America for the Du Pont Powder Co.; in 1905 became partner, in banking firm of Clement & Smith, 1 Nassau St.; in 1906 became president Woodstock Hotel Co., owning and operating Hotel Woodstock at 127- 135 West 43rd St., New York. In I9IO retired from active interest in firm of Clement & Smith and undertook the build- ing of a large addition to Hotel Wood- stock. Is president of Woodstock Hotel Co. ; director Ticonderoga Railroad Co.. Bristol Railroad Co., Herald and Globe Association, and Chilton Paint Co. A Re- publican; took active part in three cam- paigns resulting in the repeal of the Ver- mont prohibitory law. Member Rutland Country Club, New England Society of New York, American Museum of Natural History. Office, 127 West 43rd St., New York; residence, 17 Irving Place, Pel- ham, N. Y. SMITH, Hubbard A., East Concord. Merchant. Born Concord, July 15, I860; son of George H. and Almira (Holton) Smith. Educated in the public schools. In 1886 married Kate Vincent of East Concord. Left school at the age of 18 and learned the barber's trade, which he followed for one year in South Dakota and nine years at Lisbon, N. H. ; engaged in farming at Lisbon nine years, and later as clerk in grocery and clothing stores. In 1907 came to East Concord and pur- chased of Charles D. Root a general mer- chandise store which he has since con- ducted. Is a Republican. Postmaster since 1908. Selectman since 1908. In religious belief a Methodist. Member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. SMITH, H. Monford, Lyndonville. Dentist. Born Woburn, Mass., July 27, 1878; son of Clarence W. and Jennie E. (Howard) Smith. Educated in the pub- lic schools, Montpelier Seminary, and Tufts College Dental School, class of 1904. In 1905 married E. Pearl Minott of Montpelier. While in college was em- ployed in the office of Dr. C. D. Pierce, Boston; after graduation came to Lyn- donville as successor to Dr. C. W. Staples. Is member of Northeastern Dental Association and Vermont State Dental Society. Is a Republican. Mem- ber of the Methodist Church, financial secretary and one of the board of stew- ards. Past Master Crescent Lodge No. 66, F. & A. M., of LyndonviUe; member Palestine Commandery No. 5, of St. Johnsbury; president of LyndonviUe Club. SMITH, John B., South Newbury. Farmer. Born South Newbury, Feb. 25, 1881; son of J. J. and Sophronia E. (Stearns) Smith. Educated in the pub- lic schools and Newbury Seminary. In 1901 married Emily Barber of Newbury; they have three children, Charles Jenness, Gertrude Ethel, and Margaret Alice. Was employed as clerk in Silsby & Knight's store, Newbury, previous to 1897; has since engaged in farming. Enlisted in SOUTHGATE] MEN OF VEKMONT 317 1898 in the Spanish- American war in Co. G, 1st Vermont Infantry, -United States Volunteers ; went to Camp Thomas, Chick- amauga Park, Ga. ; at close of war re- turned to Vermont; was mustered out of U. S. service Oct. 28, 1898; was 2nd lieutenant Co. G several years. Is a Dem- ocrat; represented Newbury in the Legis- lature 191 0; has been selectman since 1905. Member of Caledonia Lodge No. 15, Knights of Pythias. SMITH, Robert Everett, White River Junction. Manufacturing confectioner and baker. Born Hanover, N. H., Nov. IS, 1869; son of George Williston and Chessie (Reiti) Smith. At an early age removed with his parents to White River Junction, where he received his education in the public schools. In 1890 married Winnie W. Barnes of White River Junc- tion ; they have four children, George Wil- liam, Edwin Everett, Dorothy Barnes, and Robert Whitelaw. Since 1905 has been sole proprietor of the Smith & Son business and plant for the manufacture of the Hanover crackers and confection- ery. The first Hanover cracker was made in 1815 and the present firm of Smith & Son was founded by his grand- father, Everett K. Smith. The plant is now the largest industry in White River Junction, giving employment to 75 peo- ple. Is president of the Vermont Bak- ing Co., director and president First Na- tional Bank, White River Junction. A Republican; member of United Brethren Lodge, F. &. A. M. SMITH, William J., Sheffield. Farmer. Born Stannard, June 8, 1867; son of David and Marguerite (McClure) Smith. Educated in the public schools of Stannard, Johnson State Normal School, class of 1885; and Coleman Col- lege, class of 1888. In 1890 married Jen- nie L. Ingalls of Sheffield; they have two children, Cecil I. and Bradley David. After graduating from college was em- ployed as head bookkeeper for E. P. Welch & Son, lumber dealers, Boston, Mass.; began teaching school 1880; taught one year at Sheffield; principal of Burke High School 1890-5; principal of Lyndonville Grammar School 1895- 19OO; principal Montgomery Center School 1900-1 ; in 1902 came to Sheffield and engaged in farming, making a spe- cialty of breeding Morgan horses. Is agent for the Vermont Mutual Fire In- surance Co., and Mutual Life Insurance Co., of New York; also does some survey- ing. Is a RepubUcan; represented Shef- field in the Legislature 1904; school di- rector 1899-1909; town clerk of Shef- field since 1904. In religious belief a Baptist. Member of Crescent Lodge No. 66, F. & A. M. of Lyndonville; record- ing secretary of Junior Order of Me- chanics; member of the Grange; Modern Woodmen of America, and Caledonian Fish and Stream Club. SOULE, William S., East Fairfield. Merchant. Born East Fairfield, May 26, 1850; son of Joseph A. and Sarah E. (Sherman) Soule, and a descendant of George Soule who came over in the May flower. Educated in the public schools of Fairfield, Barre Academy, St. Albans Academy, and Troy Business College. In 1877 married Adell C. Read of East Fairfield, who died in 1883; they had two children, Reuben Lee, and Read Warren. In 1884 married Anna Read of East Fair- field, who died in 1898; they had two children, Hubert J., and Lillian J. (de- ceased). In 1875 engaged in general merchandise business with his uncle A. G. Soule; purchased his uncle's interest in 1889, continuing business to date. A Re-^ publican; represented Fairfield in the Legislature 1894; Senator from Franklin County 1898. Member of Eagle Lodge F. & A. M. ; and Champlain Chapter, R. A. M., of St. Albans. SOUTHGATE, Frederick C, Wood- stock. Lawyer. Born Ipswich, Mass., Jan. 28, 1852; son of Robert and Mary Frances (Swan) Southgate. Educated at Philips (Andover) Academy and Dart- mouth College. In 1877 married Anna S. French of Woodstock; they had two chil- dren, Frances Swan (now Mrs. Robert B. Clark), and Richard Steele Southgate of Chicago. In 1905 married Gertrude M, Lufkin of Boston. Was admitted to the Vermont Bar in 1876; has practiced law from then to the present time; trustee of the Ottauquechee Savings Bank, and of the Norman Williams Public Library. Is a Republican; has been town treasurer; states attorney, village trustee, etc.; is 318 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [SOUTHWICK probation officer, Windsor County. Is a Congregationalistj treasurer of the church society 25 years. SOUTHWICK, John Leonard, Bur- lington. Editor. Born Bombay, N. Y., April 24, 1858; son of William Dana and Sarah Brown (Thickins) Southwick. Pre- paratory education, Franklin Academy, Malone, N. Y. ; and graduated Cornell University, Ph. B. 1883. In 1883 married Minnie L. Rolfe of Bombay j they have two daughters, Mabel L. and Ethel P. (Mrs. Oliver N. Eastman). Editor Cor- nell Daily Sun while in collegef since 1884 successively news editor, city editor, man- aging editor, and since death of Col. G. G. Benedict, 1907, editor Burlington Daily Free Press; president and treasurer Bur- lington Realty Co.; corporator Burlington Savings Bank; director Mary Fletcher hos- pital. A Republican; delegate to Republi- can national convention, Chicago, 1912. A Congregationalist. Member Vermont Press Association; Vermont Historical So- ciety; president Burlington Commercial Club; director and vice-president Burling- ton Symphony Society; and member of the Algonquin Club. SPARHAWK, Sam, Burlington. Physi- cian and surgeon. Born Gaysville, Sept. 6, 1869; son of Dr. George E. E. and Lydia A. (Hendee) Sparhawk. Educated at Burlington High School, class of 1886; University of Vermont 1887; Dartmouth College 1890, Hahnemann College, Phila- delphia, M. D. 1893; University of Ver- mont Medical Department 1893; Hahne- mann Hospital of Philadelphia 1893-4. In 1898 married Frances Hall of Bur- lington ; they have four children, Sam, Jr., George Hall, Margaret, and Norman Fiske. Became associated with his father. Dr. Geo. E. E. Sparhawk, in the practice of medicine at Burlington in 1895, and in the management of the Sparhawk Sani- tarium, of which he became proprietor in 1899. In 1911, owing to ill health, he gave up his sanitarium and continued in general practice after a sojourn in Europe for several months. Is a Republican; a Unitarian; ex-president Vermont Homeo- pathic Medical Society; member American Institute of Homeopathy; the Algonquin and Mohican Clubs. SPARROW, Albert S., Montpelier. Hotel keeper. Born Calais, Jan. 25, 1846; son of Abner Doty and Almira N. (Shepard) Sparrow. Educated in the public schools. In 1891 married Alice E. Ring of Waterbury who died in 1902; in 1903 married Mrs. Carrie E. (Bick- ford) Gage of Pennacook, N. H. En- gaged as clerk at Union House for George P. Foster 1870-9; in 1881 with Ed. M. Irish, purchased the Union House, Bishop House and American House, conducting them until 1890, when he disposed of the Union House and Bishop House, and alone, has conducted the Montpelier House to date. Is a Republican. In religious belief a Unitarian. Member of Vermont Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F. ; Thomas Wildey Encampment; Apollo Club; Montpelier Historical Society. SPAULDING, Wallace W., Wolcott. Farmer. Born Morristown, March 27, 1850; son of Isaac and Thankful A. (Foss) Spaulding. Educated in the pub- lic schools. In 1875 married Ida A. Crowell of Hyde Park; they have one daughter, Beulah E. Mr. Spaulding has lived in Wolcott since 1865; has always followed the occupation of farming. Is a Republican; represented Wolcott in the Legislature 1906; has held many town of- fices; is now deputy sheriff and constable. Is a member of Mineral Lodge, F. & A. M., of Wolcott; Tucker Chapter, R. A. M., Morrisville; and Lamoille Commandery, K. T., Morrisville; and Mt. Sinai Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. SPEAR, Victor Ira, Randolph. Farmer and manager maple sugar makers' market. Born Braintree, Sept. 20, 1852; son of Jacob Almon and Caroline (Flint) Spear. Educated at Randolph Academy; gradu- ated from Dartmouth College, class of 1874. In 1886 married Abbie Maria Welch of Randolph. Since 1878 main interest has been in farming; also inter- ested in lumbering 1881-5; shipped Merino sheep to the West 1884-92; and in charge of maple sugar makers' market since 1 899. Held various town offices in Braintree from 1876-90; represented Braintree in the Legislature 1880; senator from Orange County 1886; appointed member of board of agriculture 1890 and continued to 1898; secretary of the board 1896-8; appointed chairman of cattle commission in 1902 for three years; delegate to national Repub- lican convention 1896. Member of the STACKPOLE] MEN OF VERMONT 319 GrangBj Masonic fraternity, and Randolph University Club. SPOONER, Charles H., Northfield. College president. Born Charlestown, N. H., Aug. 6, 1858; son of Stephen Alden and Sophia Lois (Hull) Spooner. En- tered Norwich University 1874, grad- uating B. S. in 1878, and A. B. in 1879; Norwich gave him his M. A. degree in 1897, and the University of Vermont LL. D. in 1904; was a corporal, sergeant, second lieutenant, and captain in the corps of cadets. He was distinguished at the university for his ability in mathematics and in the classical languages ; was a mem- ber of the ©X fraternity. In 1882 mar- ried Inez Grant Davis of Gardiner, Me. ; they have one son, James Davis. Soon after graduating, was appointed com- mandant and instructor in English in St. Augustine College, Benicia, Cal. ; returned to Vermont 1881, organized the military department of the Vermont Academy at Saxtons River, and became instructor in mathematics and physics at that school; principal of grammar school Fitchburg, Mass., 1889; 1890-1904 in charge of the second year class of the Manual Training School of Washington University, St. Louis, Mo. ; elected president of Norwich University 1904. During the intervening seven years he has been fortunate enough to see the enrollment of the university in- creased 76 per cent; the faculty doubled; the buildings more than doubled; the per- manent endowment multiplied by ten; the income from the state multiplied by two and a half; and to find the college winning good name and fame in an ever widening circle. Is a Republican. Served as ma- jor in the National Guard of California, while commandant at St. Augustine Col- lege; major and inspector of rifle prac- tice, brigade staff, Vermont Militia, 1887- 9; served as aid on the staff of the grand marshal at the "Dewey parade" in St. Louis 1 899 ; was chief marshal of the Edu- cational Division at the dedication of the Louisiana Purchase Expedition, St. Louis, in April, 1903. Is member of the Epis- copal Church, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Conversational Club of Northfield, the American Geographic Society, various forestry, peace and ar- bitration associations, etc. SPRAGUE, Edward G., Barre. Phy- sician. Born Chelsea, Feb. 23, 1865; son of John Hibbard and Elizabeth (Ba- con) Sprague. Educated at St. Johns- bury Academy, and University of Ver- mont, academic department 1891 and medicine in 1894. In 1903 married Het- ty Cook of Rumney, N. Y.; they had three children, Elizabeth, Ruth (de- ceased), and John Hibbard. In general practice at Rumney, N. Y., 1894-1900; studied two years in eye and ear hospitals in New York, Philadelphia and London; locating in Barre and treating diseases of eye, ear, nose and throat. Dr. Sprague is a Republican; represented Rumney in the General Assembly 1901; a Congrega- tionalist; member of Granite Lodge No. 35, F. & A. M., and Granite Chapter, R. A. M.; Gamaliel Washburn Council No. 4 of Montpelier; Pilgrim Commandery of Laconia, N. H., and New Hampshire Con- sistory of Nashua, N. H., and Mount Sinai Temple of Montpelier. SPRAGUE, William HiBBARD.Chelsea. Lawyer and deputy county clerk. Born Chelsea, J^n. 1, 1867; son of John Hib- bard and Elizabeth (Bacon) Sprague. Educated in the public schools of Brook- field, Goddard Seminary, Barre, and Nor- wich University, class of 1891. In 1893 married Adeline L. Smith of Northfield, who died 1903; they had one son, John William; in 1905 married Gertrude Bick- ford Jackson of Barre City. Was general merchant at East Brookfield 1893-1904; postmaster 1897-1904; resigned as post- master, disposed of business, and removed to Chelsea 1905; commenced study of law in the ofiice of Darling & Darling at Chelsea in January, 1905; admitted to Vermont Bar 1908; has practiced law and been deputy county clerk to date. Is a Republican; sheriff Orange County 1904- 8; appointed deputy county clerk I9O8; and county probation officer for Orange County December, 1908, and is present in- cumbent. Church preference. Congrega- tional. Past master Mystic Star Lodge No. 97, F. & A. M., of Brookfield^ di- mitted 1905; joined George Washington Lodge No. 51, F. & A. M., of Chelsea 1905; worshipful master 1907-9; member of Chelsea Grange No. 162 ; Chelsea Camp No. 12451, Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica; and Tyrian Club of Chelsea. STACKPOLE, George Rollin, Winoo- ski. Educator. Born Potsdam, N. Y., Nov. 320 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [STANLEY Y, 1881 ; son of RoUin Porter, and Katherine Lenore (Donivan) Stackpole. Graduated from the graded and high schools. New York State Normal School, and special- ized in science and mathematics at Clark-^ son School of Technology, all of Potsdam, N. Y. In 1905 married Teresa Cecilia Conners of Altona, N. Y. ; they have one son, George Rollin. Was for two years principal of high school, Altona, N. Y. ; two years in public schools in Minneapo- lis, Minn. J one year principal of high school at Salem City, S. Dak.; and during the last five years principal of Winooski high and graded schools. Is independent in politics. Member of the Roman Catho- lic Church. A 4th degree Knight of Co- lumbus, holding office of faithful captain in that degree, and grand 'knight of De- Goesbriand Council, Knights of Columbus, of Burlington; member of Delta Psi fra- ternity. STANLEY, Eugene Arthur, Water.- bury. Physician. Born Franconia, N. H., June 10, 1875; son of William J. B. and Dora E. (Russell) Stanley. Grad- uatfed from Dow Academy, Franconia, N. H., class of 1894; Cleveland University of Medicine and Surgery, 1897, and Jeffer- son Medical College 1904. In 1901 mar- ried Eva B. Fairbrother of St. Albans, Me. ; they have four children, Ruth Brown- ing, Esther Russell, Margaret Gifford, and Robert Currier. Assisted Dr. J. H. Jones of Bradford from 1897 to 1899, when he bought the practice of Dr. W. F. Minard of Waterbury; practiced there un- til September, 19OS, when he entered Jef- ferson; after graduating from Jefferson Medical College resumed general practice in Waterbury until 1908, when he was ap- pointed on the staff of Vermont State Hos- jpital; second assistant on the staff at the present time. A Republican; health of- ficer for the town of Waterbury 1905-8. In religious preference a Congregational- ist. Master of Winooski Lodge No. 49, F. & A. M.; member of Mentor Lodge No. 51, I. O. O. F.; and Washington County and Vermont State Medical So- cieties. STANNARD, Harry James, Barton. Educator. Born Berkshire, N. Y., May 2, 1870; son of Lorenzo J. and Grace (Kimball) Stannard. Graduated New- ark Valley (N. Y.) Academy, 1889; Cort- land (N. Y.) Normal School 1891- I" 1897 married NeUie E. Case of Barton. Principal Barton Academy since ^^^^'^"^ examiner of teachers since 1902. A Re- publican; a Congregationalist. Presi- dent Vermont State teachers' Associa- tion 1904. A Scottish Rite Mason, and a Knight Templar. Sec'y-treas. State Board of Education 1911, Grand Junior Warden Grand Lodge of Vt., F. & A. M., 1910-11. STANNARD, Heman, West Haven. Farmer and banker. Born Hampton, N. Y., Oct. 16, 1864; son of Heman and Maria Foot (Kirtland) Stannard. Edu- cated at Castleton Normal School, and Troy Conference Academv. In 1894 married Alice E. Peck of Hampton, N. Y.; they have three sons, Heman, Charlie E., and Irving J. Taught district school ten terms; has spent most of his life on the farm; specialty, dairying and raising Holstein stock; owner of "Fernwood Farm," the home of Sir Alexander Ponti- ac Korndike, No. . 78314, by Imperial Pontiac Korndike, No. 45800. Is vice- president First National Bank of Fair Haven; has been administrator of many estates, etc. A Republican; town clerk, Hampton, N. Y., one year; school di- rector; justice of the peace at present, having held the office eight years; chair- man of the town committee; auditor., lister and one of the trustees of town library; represented West Haven in the Legisla- ture 19O8, serving on banking and insur- ance committees. A Methodist; assistant superintendent of the Sunday school; mem- ber of financial committee, official board, and trustee. Worthy master of West Haven Grange No. 390, Patrons of Hus- bandry. • STANTON, Zed S. Superior court judge. See page 90. STAPLES, Berton Isaac, St. Johns- bury, Merchant. Born Barre, June 15, 1873; son of Guy Beckley and Helen Sarah (Lawrence) Staples. Educated at public schools, and Goddard Seminary at ?^'T. ,1 l^.^^r. ""^"^^'i Rebecca, daughter of the late Dr. Gates B. BuUard surgeon of the 15th Vermont Infantrv' they have no children. Was clerk five years in the dry goods store of Homer Fitts & Co., Barre; five years with A yL'<''><^t >^ x5t-*-*'*<^ia-»^ .^ STEARlSfS] :\IEN OF VERMONT 321 Abbott & Co., Barre and two years with dry goods houses in Mansfield, O. Came to St. Johnsbury in I9OO and was with Lougee & Smith until 1904, when he ac- cepted a clerkship with the late James Ritchie of St. Johnsbury; the store was burned in 1909; Mr. Staples re-opened it the following year, converting it into a ready-to-wear shop. He is a Republican ; in religious belief a Congregationalist. STAPLES, Charles Jason, Burling- ton. Clergyman. Born Meadville, Pa., May 30, 1856; son of Carlton Albert and Priscilla (Shippen) Staples. Educated in Chicago and Providence High Schools, Brown University, class of 1878, and Har- vard Divinity School. In 1890 married Grace M. Dean of Reading, Mass.; they have five children, Laurence Carlton, Eliot Shippen, Robert Taft, Charles Warren, and Priscilla. Is a Unitarian Congrega- tionalist; was located in Reading, Mass., 1882 to 1888; St. Cloud, Minn., 1888 to 1894; Manchester, N. H., 1894 to 1904; and in Burlington since 1904. Is a mem- ber of Royal Arcanum; New England Or- der of Protection; and chaplain of Bur- lington Lodge No. 100, F. &e A. M. START, BuRDETTE H., Bakersfield. Merchant. Born Bakersfield, May 23, 1885; son of Judge Henry R. and Ellen S. (Houghton) Start. Educated in the public schools, and Brigham Academy, Bakersfield; and Pennington Seminary, Pennington, N. J. In I9O6 married Grace E. Cooledge of LoweU. Worked at the mercantile business one and one- half years previous to attending Penning- ton Seminary; clerk for H. N. Gray, Cam- bridge, and also employed in a wholesale grocery house in New York; he then pur- chased what is known as the Miller store, Bakersfield, doing a general merchandise business to date. A Republican; justice of the peace two years. An attendant of the Congregational Church. Member of Barnes Lodge No. 107, F. & A. M. of Bakersfield. START, OzRO G., Bakersfield. Re- tired farmer. Born Bakersfield, March 11, 1838; son of Simeon G. and Mary Sophia (Barnes) Start. Educated in the public schools of Bakersfield, and Bakers- field Academy. In 1862 married Mary J. Perkins of Bakersfield; they had five children, Ella S., Hattie E. (deceased), Bessie M., Dora M., and Winfred O. Taught school several years in Bakers- field, then took up farming; purchased the home farm in I86I, which he carried on until 1888, when he retired from farm- ing and has since conducted a general in- surance business ; president of the Variety Store Co. A Republican; selectman sev- eral years ; town auditor many years ; mem- ber of committee of Brigham Academy several years; justice of the peace several years; elected assistant judge of Frank- lin County 1892; re-elected 1894. Mem- ber of Congregational Church; clerk of the church for 88 years. Member and past treasurer of Barnes Lodge No. 107, F. & A. M. START, Simeon Gould, late of Bakers- field. Born Bakersfield July 28, 1805; son of Moses and Margaret (Gould) Start. In 1833 married Mary Sophia, daughter of Comfort and Sophia (Corse) Barnes; she died in 1862; thev had seven children, RoUa N., Ozro G., Charles N., Lorenzo B., Merritt L., Henry R., and El- la S. In I862 married Mrs. Betsey Per- kins. His early life was devoted to agri- cultural labor, and a clerkship in a coun- try store; later purchased a farm where he remained until 1862, when he moved into the village and engaged in public af- fairs. Formerly a Democrat; acted with the Republicans during the war, and from 1872 was independent in politics. Repre- sented Bakersfield in the Legislature 1872. STEARNS, Charles H., Johnson. Lumber manufacturer. Born Johnson, Feb. 7, 1854; son of Otis W. and Mary S. (Carpenter) Stearns. Educated in the public schools, Johnson State Nor- mal School and Methodist Episcopal Seminary, Montpelier. In 1876 mar- ried Viola A. Hall of Johnson; they have one son, C. Arthur. Began busi- ness in 1872 under firm name of O. W. Stearns & Son, in the manufacture of butter tubs; in I9OO was largely inter- ested in lumber business in Canada, later sold out the business there, and engaged in the lumber business in Johnson under name of Parker & Stearns, making a specialty of hard wood flooring, continu- ing business to date. Is president of Union Savings Bank & Trust Co., Mor- risville. Is a Republican; represented 21 322 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGEAPHY [STEAENS Johnson in the Legislature 1886-7; sen- ator from Lamoille County, 1888-9; lieu- tenant governor 1904-6. An attendant of the Congregational Church. Past master Waterman Lodge No. 88, past grand senior deacon Grand Lodge, F. & A. M.; member of Tucker Royal Arch Chapter No. 15, MorrisviUe; Burlington Commandery No. 2 Knights Templar; past commander-in-chief Vermont Con- sistory of the A. A. Scottish Rite, Bur- lington, and 33rd degree Mason of the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, U. S. A. STEARNS, Edward H., Randolph. Veterinary surgeon. Born Dover, N. Y., Aug. 11, 1878; son of Edward M. and Sarah A. (Willcox) Stearns. Educated at Pauling, N. Y., High School; graduated from Detroit Medical College, Veterinary Department, 1 899 ; Louisville Medical Col- lege, 1903; post graduate Grand Rapids Veterinary College I906, and Collins Vet- erinary Medical College of Nashville^ Tenn., 1907. In 1907 married Lena Ethel Gould of South Royalton; they have one son, Maynard G. Practiced medicine at New Milford, Conn., 1903-5; after taking his post graduate courses, practiced vet- erinary science in South Royalton two years; in I9O8 came to Randolph, erecting what is known as the Randolph Veterin- ary Hospital. Is a Republican. A mem- ber of Randolph Lodge No. 48, I. O. O. F.; Excelsior Encampment, No. 24, I. O. O. F.; and Canton Vinton No. 9, Patri- archs Militant, of Barre. STEARNS, Joseph Tuttle, Burlington. Lawyer. Born Burlington, July 3, 1874; son of Riley Burdett and Jane Augusta (Swan) Stearns. Graduated from Bur- lington High School in 1892; University of Vermont with degree of A. B. I896; and Harvard Law School with degree of LL. B. 1899. In 1906 married Julia Dar- ling Cooley of Auburndale, Mass. Ad- mitted to the Vermont Bar in 1899, and associated in practice with Congressman D. J. Foster at Burlington from date of admission to the Bar until March 1, I9OO; clerk of Burlington City Court 1900-11; appointed referee in bankruptcy for Chit- tenden County in July, 19II; justice of the peace for Chittenden County since I9OO; member of the law firm of Cowles and Stearns 1912; silent partner in firm of R. B. Stearns & Co., retail druggists. Is a Republican; secretary of Republican county committee 1908-10. A member of the Protestant Episcopal Church. Member of Vermont Bar Asso- ciation; Chittenden County Bar Associa- tion; Sigma Phi fraternity; Military Or- der of Loyal Legion; Harvard Club of Vermont; Ethan Allen Club; Sigma Phi Club; Waubanakee Golf Club; and Be- nevolent Protective Order of Elks. STEARNS, Walter Dudley, Spring- field. Merchant. Born Cavendish, Sept. 12, 1862; son of Otis and Helen A. (Davis) Stearns. Educated in public schools. In 1 892 married Lillian A. Watts of Fitchburg, Mass. They have one daughter. Bertha M. Engaged in farm- ing for three years after leaving school; clerk in grocery store in Fitchburg, Mass., eleven years; in 1898 manager J. Cushing & Co., Worcester, Mass. ; later engaged in grocery business in Worcester, remaining five years; came to Springfield in 1905, and formed partnership with his brother, Arthur H. Stearns, under name of Stearns Bros., dealers in groceries and produce. Mr. Stearns is a Republican; was elected in 1909 and re-elected in igiO a selectman of Springfield; is president of the board of health; member of the incorporative board of the Springfield Savings Bank; treasurer of Springfield Agricultural So- ciety ; and town surveyor of wood and lum- ber. A Universalist, and one of the church trustees. A member of Rollston Lodge No. 98, I. O. O. F., of Fitchburg, Mass. STEELE, Charles W., Highgate. Insurance, sheriff, press correspondent. Born Highgate, March 29, 1881; son of John B. and Mary (Hanna) Steele. Edu- cated in the public schools of Highgate, and special art course at Zanerian Art College, Columbus, O. Winner of silver medal in penmanship contest held in St. Louis, Mo., in a class open to world in I9OO; winner of 1st prize at state fair 1902. Engaged in general insurance work locally previous to 1900, when he was appointed local agent for Peerless Casu- alty Co. of Keene, N. H.; promoted to special district manager for northern Ver- mont 1910. A Republican; delegate sev- eral times to congressional district con- ventions; appointed deputy sheriff in 1902, and has served as such ever since; /J}fi ^. ^^^yfAcYi^p^ij^ STICKNEY] MEN OF VERMONT 323 appointed health officer 1910; member of state board of health. Member of Catho- lic Church. Member of Highgate Lodge No. 69, I. O. O. F. ; Champlain Encamp- ment No. 23, Swanton; and Canton Frank- lin No. 10, Patriarchs Militant, of St. Albans. STEVENS, Charles H., St. Johns- bury. Lumber merchant. Born St. Johnsbury, May 2, 1849; son of James R. and Susan (Field) Stevens. Educated in the public schools and St. Johnsbury Academy. In IS?* married Isabella C. Ranney of St. Johnsbury; they have two children, Arthur L. and Helen C. In 1871 entered the service of the St. Johns- bury and Lake Champlain Railroad Co. as clerk in general office; 1876 was ap- pointed general freight and passenger agent, continuing until May, 1885, when the road passed into the Boston and Maine system. Is president and treasurer of the Northern Lumber Co. ; director and vice president of First National Bank; director and vice president of St. Johns- bury Electric Co. ; and director in St. Johnsbury and Lake Champlain Railroad Co. Is a Republican. In religious be- lief a Congregationalist. STEVENS, Jonas T., Hyde Park. Deputy sheriff. Born Eden, June 3, 1 842 ; son of Amasa and Martha (Smith) Ste- vens. Educated in the public schools. In 1867 married Emma A. White of Eden; they have one son, Edson M., of Kansas City, Mo. In early life engaged in farm- ing, later in lumber manufacturing. En- listed as private in Co. I, 1st Vermont Cavalry, 1862, served until the close of the war, taken prisoner April 1, 1863, exchanged, and returned to regiment; was in all the prinicipal battles that the regi- ment engaged in; promoted to corporal, 1st sergeant, and 2nd lieutenant. Is a Republican; represented Eden in the Leg- islature 1872 and 1874; sheriff of La- moille County 1878-80, and again 1892- 1 900 ; at present deputy sheriff. Has been county fish and game warden since the office was created. Past master of Mt. Norris Lodge No. 69, F. & A. M., of Eden Mills; member of Tucker Chapter No. 15, R. A. M., of Morrisville; and Aaron Keeler Post No. 91, G. A. R., of North Hyde Park. STEWART, John W. Governor 1870- 72. See page 43. STEWART, William E., Wallingford. Physician and surgeon. Born Castle- ton, Dec. 8, 1843; son of Daniel and El- vira (Tuttle) Stewart. Educated at Castleton Seminary, and Medical Depart- ment University of Vermont, M. D. 1867. In 1866 married Adelia Sarah Hawkins of Castleton, who died May 27, 1895; they had six children, Lilian Elvira, Ida Sarah, Eva Adelia, Fred Morris, William Hawkins, and Beatrice Leucile. In 1899 married Anna Saunders of Wallingford; they have one son, Albert Harris. Prac- ticed medicine 12 years in Dorset; one year in Rhode Island; nearly one year in California, and 30 years in Walling- ford; holds a license to practice in Ver- mont, Rhode Island, and California. Served in the Civil War from Jan. 18, 1862 to Feb. 18, 1865; participated in the battles of Chancellor sville, Gettysburg, Antietam, and Weldon Railroad; was wounded in the right shoulder. A Re- publican; health officer, notary public, school director. An attendant of the Baptist Church. Member Chipman Lodge No. 52, F. & A. M. ; Pico Lodge No. 32, I. O. O. F., and Royal Arcanum. STICKNEY, Clarence L., Brattle- boro. Banker. Born Charlemont, Mass., Dec. 16, 1872; son of Orland H. and Em- ma M. (Houghton) Stickney. Educated at Brattleboro High School. In 1898 married Minnie A. Haskins of Brattle- boro. Is assistant cashier of Peoples' National Bank. A Republican. Mem- ber of the Universalist Church. STICKNEY, William Brunswick Curry, Bethel. Banker and lawyer. Born Marblehead, Mass., Jan. 16, 1845; son of Moses Parsons and Jane Frances (Curry) Stickney. Educated in public schools and Latin High School of Boston, and Har- vard College, class of 1865. In 1877 married Mary Hunton, daughter of the late Hon. Augustus P. Hunton, of Bethel. They have two children, William and Mary. Member of the firm of Hunton & Stickney, lawyers, since Aug. 25, 1875; president of the National White River Bank of Bethel; director Vermont Valley Railroad; vice-president Mascoma Elec- 324 ENCYCLOPEDIA VEEMONT BIOGRAPHY [8TICKNEY trie Light and Gas Co. Is a Republican; has held various elective town offices; rep- resented Bethel in the Legislature 1884; has been states attorney Windsor County. In religious belief an Episcopalian. Ex- president Vermont Bar Association; presi- dent Harvard Club of Vermont; member of Vermont Bankers' Association, Ver- mont Historical Society, New England Historical and Genealogical Society, Sons of American Revolution, Society of Colo- nial Wars, Arctic Club, and Harvard Union. STICKNEY, William W. Governor 1900-02. See page 50. STILES, Frank W., Springfield. Real estate. Born Windsor, Dec. 27, 1849; son of William L. and Betsey A. (Sar- gent) Stiles. Educated at Windsor and Springfield High Schools. In 1879 mar- ried Ann Sophia Hayes of Plymouth; they had five children, George Hayes (pub- lisher Swanton Courier), Louise (de- ceased), Bessie (deceased), Harold F. W., and Russell William. Established the Springfield Reporter Jan. 4, 1878, which he published continuously for over 30 years, selling it to the Springfield Print- ing Co., August, 19O8; does spiecial work for several papers just to keep his "hand in" ; deals extensively in real estate, build- ing lots, farms, etc. Developed High- land View, residence section of Spring- field, adding $40,000 to the taxable prop- erty of the village. A Republican; jus- tice of the peace. Religious preference, Universalist. Member Masonic Frater- nity; Junior Order United American Me- chanics; Red Cloud Tribe of Red Men, has held all the chairs in the Order. STILES, George Hayes, Swanton. Editor and Publisher. Born Springfield, Feb. 15, 1881; son of Frank William and Ann Sophia (Hayes) Stiles. Grad- uated from Springfield High School 1901. In 1909 married Elizabeth Laura Dean of Bellows Falls. Employed with his father on Springfield Reporter for, 15 years; owner of Stiles Advertising Serv- ice, Springfield ; publisher Swanton Cour- ier since August, 1909. A Republican; Catholic; secretary of Swanton Board of Trade I9IO-I91I. STILLSON, Henry Leonard, Ben- nington. Journalist, historian. Born Middle Granville, N. Y., Sept. 19, 1842; son of Eli Bennett and Eliza Anne (Leon- ard) Stillson. Fitted for college, but an injury prevented college course; grad- uated Eastman Business College, Pough- keepsie, N. Y., 1862. In 1868 married Josephine Woodruff of Plattsburg, N. Y., who died in 1880; in 1881 married Helen Kenyon of Manchester. Identified with Vermont State press for 40 years from 1862; editor Bennington Banner 25 years from 1873; agent Associated Press 1877-97; member Co. B, Vermont Militia two and one-half years during latter part of the Civil War; participated in defense of raid on St. Albans from Canada 1864; health officer of the town and villages of Bennington since 1893. Member of American Public Health Association; fra- ternity historian. Fraternity Publishing Co., Boston. A Republican. An Epis- copalian. Member of Masonic frater- nity; the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows; Knights of Pythias; Vermont Soci- ety Sons of American Revolution (State registrar since 1889); associate member Quatuor Coronati Lodge, No. 2076, and Authors' Club, London, Eng., (the -first named a select circle of antiquaries). Author of The History of Freemasonry and Concordant Orders I89I; The Of- ficial History of Odd Fellowship 1897; The Vermont Centennials 1892, etc. etc. STOCKWELL, Charles Julius, Ran- dolph. Merchant. Born Rochester, Oct. 21, 1872; son of James Parker and Emily A. (Gleason) Stockwell. Educated at public schools and Randolph High School. In 1897 married Ethel M. Perry of Han- cock; they have three children, Charles Lawrence, Mary Claudine and Doris Edna. After leaving school Mr. Stock- well taught school four years; was with E. F. Emerson & Co. at Randolph for one year; and with Bond Brothers, Mid- dlebury, a short time; then purchased a general store at Hancock, which he con- ducted for eight years. In I9II pur- chased a general store at Northfield Falls, which he still conducts. In I91O, in com- pany with Ernest A. Hatch, opened a de- partment store in Randolph. Is a Repub- lican, with radical views regarding the pro- hibition of the manufacture and sale of liquor. Was town auditor, school director, and postmaster for six years; attends the Federated Church. Member Rural Lodge ■^TONE] MEN OF VERMONT 325 No. 29, F. & A. M., Rochester, and the Christian Brotherhood at Randolph. STODDARD, Frederick RuBERT,Shel- burne. Physician. Born Westfield, Dec. 16, 1855; son of Charles Carrol and Lucia Pattie (Hitchcock) Stoddard. Educated at Westfield Grammar School; a graduate of Johnson State Normal School 1877, University of Vermont College of Medi- cine, 1882, and New York Post Graduate Medical School 1895. In 1883 married Martha Augusta Kinsman of Lowell, Mass.; they have four children, Lucia Ethel, Mattie Evelyn, Clara Alfredda, and Alice Lydia. Has practiced medicine in Shelburne since 1882. Taught materia medica and pharmacology in University of Vermont College of Medicine, 1895- 1900; made a special study of obstetrics and diseases of children. Is member of Burlington and Chittenden County Medi- cal Society, and Vermont State Medical Society; formerly president of both so- cieties ; member of American Medical Asso- ciation. Is a Republican; has been Chit- tenden Coimty member of Republican com- mittee for the First Congressional Dis- trict 14 years; member of Chittenden County Republican Committee four years; chairman of Chittenden County Conven- tion 1894; was school director and was superintendent of schools for 18 years. Member of the Methodist Episcopal Church ; one of the stewards for 20 years ; chairman of the board of trustees for six years. Worshipful master of Friendship Lodge No. 24, F. & A. M., of Charlotte; member of Burlington Chapter No. 3, R. A. M.; Vermont Consistory, 32 de- grees; Champlain Chapter No. 55, O. E. S.; Cairo Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of Rutland; district deputy grand master of 5th Masonic district; grand patron of Grand Chapter, O. E. S.; and deputy grand patron of 9th district, O. E. S. STONE, Addison Gardner, Walling- ford. Lawyer and farmer. Born Albion, N. Y., March l6, 1849; son of George Henry and Melinda (Farwell) Stone. Educated in public schools and law de- partment of Georgetown College, Wash- ington, D. C. In 1874 married Lucretia M. Kent of Wallingford. Graduated and admitted to Bar of Supreme Court of Dis- trict of Columbia 1875; Vermont Bar 1877, practicing in Wallingford to 1878; admitted to Michigan Bar 1879, practicing at Richmond, Mich., until 1884; returned to Wallingford, where he has since been engaged in law practice and farming. Is a Republican. Represented Wallingford in Legislature 1894 and 1910. In re- ligious belief a UniversaUst. Is a 32 de- gree Mason; a member of Chipman Lodge No. 52, F. & A. M., of Wallingford; Chicana Lodge, No. 4, F. & A. M., Brook- lyn, N. Y. ; Pico Lodge No. 32, I. O. O. F., of Wallingford; White Rock Rebekah Lodge of Wallingford; and past grand dictator of Vermont in the Knights of Honor. STONE, Archie W., Johnson. Edu- cator. Born Cabot, July 31, 1878; son of William and Emma (Paquin) Stone. Educated in the public schools oif Cabot; Montpelier Seminary, class of 1902; and University of Vermont. In 1910 mar- ried Gertrude Kenerson of Cabot. Taught in Washington County 1905-8; principal Irasburg graded school 1908-11; princi- pal Johnson High School since 1911. A Republican. Member of Methodist Epis- copal Church; superintendent of the Sun- day school. Member of Central Lodge No. 62, F. & A. M. ; Schoolmasters' Club ; and Alpha Zeta fraternity. University of Vermont. STONE, Arthur Fairbanks, St. Johnsbury. Postmaster. Born St. Johns- bury, Feb. 18, 1863; son of Charles Mar- shall and Sarah (Fairbanks) Stone. Edu- cated at St. Johnsbury Academy and Am- herst College, graduate of class of 1885. In 1890 married Helen Lincoln of North- ampton, Mass. They have four children, Edith Lincoln, Robert Lincoln, Eleanor Fairbanks, and Laura Helen. Was re- porter for Northampton (Mass.) Herald 1886-8; returned to St. Johnsbury 1889, and from 1890 to 19IO was editor and publisher of the St. Johnsbury Caledo- nian. Appointed postmaster St. Johns- bury 1909. Is a Republican; member of Republican state committee two years; presidential elector 1904; member Lake Champlain Tercentenary Commission of Vermont. Is a Congregationalist, clerk of the North Congregational church and superintendent of its Sunday school ; mem- ber of executive committee Vermont Sun- day School Association. Is a member of 326 ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY [STONE Passumpsic Lodge No. 27, F- & A. M., and a Scottish Rite Mason; member of the Union Society of the Civil War; the Beta Theta Pi fraternity; is a Phi Beta Kappa; and a member of the American Philatelic Society. STONE, Mason Sereno, Montpelier. Educator. Born Waterbury Center, Dec. 14, 1859; son of Orson Newell and Candace (Mason) Stone. Educated in elementary schools, Waterbury Center, People's Academy, Morrisville, and Uni- versity of Vermont, B. A. 1883. In 1904, married Alma Gertrude Wright of Castle- ton. In 1883 he was principal of Willis- ton Academy; 1884 principal Bristol High School; 1886 principal People's Academy, Morrisville; 1889 supervisor, Orleans County; 1891 superintendent Easthamp- ton District in Massachusetts; 1892 state superintendent of education of Vermont; 1901 superintendent of schools, Manila, P. I.; 1905 to date, state superintendent of education of Vermont. Is a Republi- can; a Congregationalist ; a 32nd degree Mason; Mt. Sinai Temple; 3rd degree Odd Fellow; member of the Grange. STORY, Solomon, Jr., Burlington. Deputy collector U. S. Customs. Born Charlestown, Mass., Aug. 14, 1841; son of Solomon and Sarah (Shattuck) Story. Educated in the public schools, and Comer's Commercial College, Boston. In 1868 married Mary E. Stiles of Charles- town, Mass. Engaged in farming and blacksmi thing for a few years; also learned cabinet maker's trade; 1887-8 was bookkeeper for Baldwin Manufacturing Co., Burlington; in U. S. customs service since Nov. 1, 1870, as inspector, deputy collector, acting disbursing oflScer, and cashier for the district of Vermont. En- listed April 22, I86I, as private in Co. B, 6th Massachusetts Volunteers, serving three months ; re-enlisted Aug. 7, 1 862 ; served in Cos. K and I, 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery until Aug. 16, 1865; was in the battles of Spottsylvania, the Wilder- ness, Cold Harbor, North Anna River, and Petersburg. Is a Republican. A Congre- gationalist. Member of Washington Lodge No. 3, F. & A. M. ; past high priest Cham- plain Chapter No. 1, R. A. M. ; past com- mander Burlington Commandery No. 2, K. T.; member Burlington Council No. 5, R. & S. M. ; Haswell Lodge of Perfection, 14 degrees; Joseph W. Roby Council, Princes of Jerusalem, 16 degrees; Delta Chapter of Rose Croix, 18 degrees; Ver- mont Consistory, A. A. S. R., 32 degrees; Cairo Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S.; and Stannard Post No. 2, G. A. R. STOWE, Frank D. E., Brattleboro. Lawyer. Born Wilmington, Dec. 31, 1864; son of Franklin J. and Harriet B. (Fisher) Stowe. Educated at Glenwood Classical Seminary, West Brattleboro, and Albany Law School. In 1896 married Mary L. Winchester of Brattleboro; she died March 4, 1899; in 1906 married Sarah S. Stockwell of Brattleboro. Went to Minnesota in 1890 and practiced law there until 1 895 ; returning East, opened law office in Keene, N. H.; opened law office in Brattleboro I9OO; appointed ref- eree in bankruptcy for Windham County 1903, continuing in that office until 1906; appointed clerk of Windham Coimty Court 1906, which position he now holds; issued volume of verse entitled "The Hermitage and Random Verses" 1902; breeds fancy poultry as a hobby, and is interested in orcharding, forestry, and other farm pur- suits. Is a Republican; liberal in relig- ious belief; member of the Grange. STRATTON, George Oren, Mont- pelier. President Vermont Mutual Fire Insurance Co. Born Greenwich, Mass., June 4, 1851; son of Nathaniel Hapgood and Susan Hawes (Legge) Stratton. Educated in the public schools of Mont- peHer. In 1873 married Marion Estelle Baker of Montpelier; they have three children, Arthur Nathaniel, Bertha Louise, and William Bingham. Employed in the express office, Montpelier, three years; Montpelier postoffice three years, and Vermont Mutual Fire Insurance Co.'s of- fice forty years. A Republican; select- man of town and bailiff of village of Mont- pelier one year each; village trustee one year; alderman from Ward 5 Montpelier, and president of the board, one year; second mayor of city of Montpelier ; school commissioner from Ward 5 twelve years, and secretary board of school commis- sioners ten years; represented Montpelier in 'the Legislature 1904; member city hall building committee, Montpelier, new city hall, 1907-12. A Congregationalist. Member of Apollo Club, and the Order of Elks. CA.^d.^O'T'l/' A. J:t^. ^ry^ - 8TE0NG] MEN OF VERMONT 327 STEONGj Francis Miles, Vergennes. Inventor, retired farmer. Born Pittsford, Sept. 16, 1829; son of Frederick Ross and Sophronia ( Chaffee "l Strong. Rich- ard Strong, the founder of the family in England, was born in the County of Caer- narvon, 1561 ; died at Somersetshire, Eng., 1613, leaving a son John and a daughter Eleanor. John was born at Taunton in l605, and sailed to this country March 20, 1630, in company with 140 others in the ship "Mary and John" (Capt. Squeb), arriving at Nantasket, Mass., (Hull), after a passage of more than 75 days, on Sunday, May SO, 1630. They settled in Dorchester; in 1659 John Strong removed to Northampton, Mass., where he lived 40 years ; followed trade of tanner ; owned 200 acres of land, and obtained the title of Elder John Strong. In December, 1630, married Abigail Ford of Dorches- ter, a passenger with him from England; she died 1688, the mother of 16 children; John Strong died 1689, aged 94 years. Francis Miles Strong, the subject of this sketch, is the eighth generation descend- ing from Elder John Strong in the fol- lowing line: John, Jedediah, Preserve, Noah, Simeon, Jonathan, and Frederick Ross Strong. The latter was born in Sal- isbury, Oct. 13, 1804; in 1826 married Sophronia Chaffee of Pittsford, a descend- ant of an English family of about the same period, which settled at Rehoboth, R. I. (see genealogy of the Chaffee fam- ily) ; she died at Rockford, la., 1 896 ; Frederick Ross Strong died at Brandon 1897. Francis Miles Strong was a pupil in the public schools of Forestdale; at age of 13 was apprenticed as an iron moulder; at age of 16 went to New York and later to Brockville, Can., -vfhere he worked as a journeyman; after that time worked in Troy, Albany and Rochester, N. Y., had charge of foundry at Franklin and Chattanooga, Tenn. ; in 1847 sailed from New York to New Orleans, thence by boat to Cincinnati, O., where he be- came foreman of the Fulton foundry. In 1848 married Sarah Marinda Clark, daughter of James and Emily (Blanch- ard) Clark of Cincinnati; they had three children, Herman Charles and Herbert William, twins; and Frances Caroline, born at Brandon, Sept. 16, 1861; Herman .died Kansas City, Mo., Aug. 7, 1861; Herbert William died in Massachusetts in 1908; Frances Caroline married David Simmons at Somerset, Mass.; she died at Basin Harbor, Nov. 19, 1899, leaving two children, Sarah Strong Simmons (Mrs. C. Ray Brittell of Weybridge), who died Sept. 27, 1906, at the birth of twin daugh- ters who survive her. Frank E. Simmons married Clara Howard of Westport, N. Y. ; they have two children, Elizabeth and Howard. For his second wife Mr. Strong married, July 10, 1893, Ardelia Augusta Beach, only daughter of Allen P. Beach of West Ferrisburg. She died at Basin Harbor at her home, Aug. 5, 1909- Mr. Strong was employed as a journeyman iron moulder at St. Albans and Rutland; later went to Vergennes, where he had charge of the foundry for the Vergennes Iron Co. In 1852, while at Vergennes, in connection with Thomas Ross, then a minor and at work for his father, whom Mr. Strong paid for his services, a patent was issued jointly to Francis M. Strong and Thomas Ross for platform scales bear- ing date Jan. 15, 1856, and subsequently eight other patents were granted to Strong and Ross on platform scales. Among the first scales manufactured was one for the Morris Canal and Banking Co. of New Jersey, having a capacity of 400 tons, with a platform 30x70 feet, and set on an incline; this scale remained in use up- wards of 25 years, or until the canal was superseded by the railroad. While Mr. Ross was erecting this scale Mr. Strong took the model to John Howe, Jr., at Brandon, who advanced $2,000 on account of royalties to enable Strong and Ross to pay their liabilities, and made an arrange- ment by which Strong and Ross should be employed for the term of five years for a salary and a royalty on all scales sold. After remaining with Mr. Howe six years, the remainder of the life of the patent was sold to him for $15,000, Strong and Ross each receiving $7,500 and the royal- ties then due. More capital was required for the business, which Mr. Howe secured, and the patents were put into the deal a few days later for $75,000. When the scales were first introduced they were known as Strong and Ross' patents, manu- factured by John Howe, Jr., of Brandon. About this time Mr. Howe's brother, Frank E., opened a warehouse in New York, and from that time forward the business was known, as it is now known, as the Howe Scale Co. The business having outgrown its location at Brandon, was removed to ENCYCLOPEDIA VERMONT BIOGRAPHY 328 Rutland, where it has been increased to require 17 acres of land for buildings and stock, and is now one of Vermont's lead- ing industries. This scale, which had its inception in the little iron foundry at Vergennes, is accepted by all civilized na- tions as a standard of weights, and is likely so to continue as long as weight is the measure of values. After a final dis- position of his interests to Mr. Howe, Mr. Strong went to Vergennes and pur- chased the Bradbury flouring mill, which he operated for five years ; he then became interested in the Vergennes Water Po-frer Co., and other properties with water power, and was later in the foundry and machine business and carriage wood work. Mr. Strong is a Republican, and an ar- dent temperance man. The accompanying picture was taken on his 82nd birthday. STUART, James Hamilton, Mclndoe Falls. Autombile dealer. Born Greens- boro, Dec. 26, 1871; son of George H. and Sarah J. (Ritchie) Stuart. Edu- cated in the public schools, Barnet ; Peach- am Academy; and St. Johnsbury Acad- emy. In 1896 married Florence Lil- lian Staples of Lyndon, who died Feb. 13, 1899; they had two children, Hamilton Corcell, and Julia Marion; in 1900 mar- ried Helen Agnes Houghton of Mclndoe Falls. After leaving school went to Guthrie Center, la., where he engaged in mercantile business; in 1891 went into the grain business in Audubon, la. ; re- turned to Vermont 1 893 ; followed farm- ing three years, and conducted a saw mill five years; in 1900 purchased the electric light station at Barnet; sold it in 1902, and went to Springfield, Mass., as tester for the Knox Automobile Co. ; in 1 903 re- turned to Mclndoe Falls and established an automobile garage and repair shop ; is also dealer in automobiles. A Repub- lican. Member of the Congregational Church; superintendent of the Sunday school. Member of Caledonia Fish and Game Club ; Automobile Club of Vermont ; and Automobile Association of America. STURTEVANT, Ernkst A., East Fairfield. Farmer. Born East Fairfield, April 14, 1866; son of Rodney and N. Amelia (Croft) Sturtevant. Educated in the public schools of Fairfield; Brigham Academy, Bakersfield, graduated 1886, and took course in dairying at University [STUART of Vermont Agricultural College. Has always followed farming, living on the home farm which he purchased in 1898; makes a specialty of raising thorough- bred cattle and the making of maple sugar. A Republican. An attendant of the Congregational Church. Past master of Eagle Lodge No. 67, F. & A. M.; member of Lafayette Chapter R. A. M.; past master of Bakersfield Grange; past patron and past district deputy Eastern Star. STURTEVANT, Homer B., East Fair- field. Postmaster. Born East Fair- field, Dec. 11, 1859; son of Josiah and Betsie (Beardsley) Sturtevant. Edu- cated in the public schools of Fairfield, and Bakersfield Academy. In 1884 mar- ried Carrie E. Warren of Fairfield; they have one (adopted) daughter, Florence A. Followed farming and carpentry work, and for ten years was employed as gen- eral manager of lumber industry; also dealer in farm implements, grain and feed. A Republican; appointed postmaster Feb. 3rd, 1908, continuing to date; deputy sheriff; for many years leader of the Sturtevant orchestra. Religious prefer- ence, Universalist. Past master Eagle Lodge No. 67, F. & A. M.; member Lafayette Chapter No. 4 R. A. M., Enos- burg Falls. SUMNER, Benjamin Anson, Mont- pelier. Insurance. Born East Middle- bury, Oct. 20, 1877; son of James F. and Nellie L. (Reed) Sumner. Educated at Middlebury High School, graduate of the class of 1896. In 1901 married Rachel Adeline Randall of Proctor; they have one son, Everett Randall. In sum- mer hotel at Lake George, N. Y., 1893-6; employ of S. Alex. Orr, Troy, N. Y., paper manufacturer, 1896-9; railroad and shipping department Vermont Marble Co., Proctor, 1899-1901. In August 1901, en- tered employ New York Life Insurance Co., at Montpelier, later taking on all other lines of insurance permitted under- writers in the State. Enlisted as a pri- vate in 1st Vermont Regiment, 1st Battal- ion, Co. H, in July, 1903, promoted corporal, 1905; sergeant, 1906. Re-en- listed for one year 1906, and again in 1907 for 2 years; promoted sergeant-ma- jor 3rd Battalion, 1st Regiment, under Maj. F. B. Thomas; discharged July 9) ■'^^'}Mt '\. C^I^yZ^^i^'c^^ /^^h^bram William 193 Poote. Franklin E 194 Ford. Alvin Wilbur 194 Ford. Beniamin S 194 Fortier. George Ferdinand. .194 Poss, Johti A 195 Foster, David J 77 Foster, Kbenezer Johnson . . . 195 Poster, Oilman T 195 Poster, Herbert Sidney 195 Fowler, Joseph W 196 Frasler, Willard Ashton 196 French, George B 196 Fresn, Albert C 196 Fullam, Eben Joel 197 Fuller, Erasmus Darwin 197 Gale, Fred P 197 Gale, Maurice Alfred 197 Galvln, John 197 Garvey, Peter F 198 Gary, Prank Ephraim Her- bert 198 Gates, Benjamin 198 Gates, Calvin Leo 198 Gates, Walter Benton 199 George, Alvah H 199 George, William T 199 Gibbs, Lyman Alonzo 199 Gibson, Ernest Willard 199 Giffln, Albert J. 200 Gilbert, Bernie B 200 Gilbert, Walter Angler 200 GilflUan, John Bachop 200 Gilflllan, William Nelson 200 Gillett, Prank B 201 Gilpin, Wallace Harry 201 Gleason, Fred Elijah 201 Gleason, Herbert Carlisle .... 201 Gleason, Joseph Thomas 2o2 Going, Charles Frank 202 Goodfellow, John Scoular. . . .202 Goodlne, Henry W 202 Goodrich, John Ellsworth 203 Gordon, John Warren 203 Gordon, Mathew M 203 Gorham, Henry George 203 Goss, Charles Herbert 204 Granger, William Smith 204 Graton, Claude Dewing 204 Graves, Charles C 204 Graves, CoUms Millard 205 Gray, Jacob G 205 Green, Edwin 205 Green, Gardner Leland 205 Greene, Ceylon L 206 Greene, Prank L 78 Greene, Raymond Louis 206 Greene, Samuel Harrison .... 206 Griffith, Edward 206 Grlswold, Solon S 207 Gross, Otis J 207 Grout, Aaron Hinman 207 Grout, Charles H 207 Grout, Don DeForest 207 Grout, Josiah 49 Grout, William W 76 Hale, Jerome F 208 Hale, Oren H 208 Haley, James S 208 Hall, Alfred A 90 Hall, Arthur Crawshay AUis- ton 209 Hall. Bertrand Warner 209 Hall, Edward J 209 Hall, George B 209 Hall, Joseph Lindley 209 Hall, Willis Palmer 210 Hallock, George H 210 Ham, Ernest Guy 210 Hamblin, Ira Lucius 210 Hamblln, James Richard .... 210 Hamilton, Edgar Gordon .... 211 Hamilton, Fremont 211 Hamilton, James M 211 Hammond. Pred Burton 211 Hannon, Thomas 212 Hanscom, Willis G 212 Harman, Henry A 212 Harrington, John Andrew . . . 212 Harris, Emory S 213 Harris, John Edward 213 Harris, Lucius L 21,1 Harris, William James 214 Hartness, James 214 Harty, Patrick 214 Harvey, Brwin Maurice 214 Harvey, George 214 Harvey, Roney M 215 Haseltlne, Brwin Amos 215 Haselton, Seneca 89 Haskins, Augustus Smith.... 215 Haskins, Klttredge 77 Hassett, William D 215 Hatch, Ernest A 216 Hatch, Isaac W 216 370 INDEX Hatch, William Moore 216 Hathaway, Lewis J 216 Hawkins, Eugene William Jerome 217 Hawley, Donly Curtis 217 Hazen, Albert Rockwell 218 Hazen, Perley F 218 Heaton, Charles Henry 218 Henderson, Ola Henry 219 Henry, Hugh 219 Henry, William Wirt 219 Heywood, William Henry .... 219 HIbbard, Joel C. 220 Higglns, John 220 Hildreth, David Wesley 220 Hill, Arthur Walton 220 Hill, Edwin King 220 Hill, Guy W 221 Hinsdale, Sidney Edgar 221 Hitchcock, Ernest 221 Hitchcock, Samuel Rollin 221 Hoadley, Justus Rogers 221 Hobart, Irving F 222 Holcombe, Ifliman Clayton. . . .222 Holden, George Jean 222 Holden, Jonas Hannibal 222 Holden, Lyman E 223 Holmes, Charles Chamberlain 223 Holmes, George C 223 Holmes, Robert Henry 223 Holton, Henry Dwight 224 Hooker, Thomas Vernon 224 Hopkins, Harry Daniel 224 Horican, John 225 Horton, Charles Henry 225 Horton, Guy Bertram 225 Hough, Arthur Hugh 225 Houghton, Adin Marshall .... 225 Houghton, Frederick Lowell 226 Houlihan, Patrick J 226 House, Elber B 226 Hovey, Herbert W 226 Howard, Charles Wlllard 226 Howard, Harry Stinson 227 Howard, Leslie Wilson 227 Howard, Oliver Otis 227 Howard, Walter Eugene 228 Howard. Warren Joel 228' Howe, Frank Edmund 229 Howe, Frank L 229 Howe, Harland B 229 Howe, Hermon T. J 230 Howe, John Caleb 230 Howes, Phil Sheridan 230 Howland, Frank George 230 Howland, Fred Arthur 230 Hubbard, George A 231 Hubbard, Herbert James .... 231 Hubbard. Walter E 231 Hulburd, Roger W 231 Humphrey, Charles Whitlock 232 Hunt. George L 232 Hunton, Augustus Pingry .... 232 Hurd, Archibald Clifton 232 Husband, William Walter. . . .232 Hutchinson, William W 233 Ide, Henry Clay 233 Ingalls, Elwin LeRoy 233 Ilsley, Silas Augustine 234 Isham, Walter Carpenter .... 234 Jackson, Joseph Wells. .... .234 Jackson, S. Holllster 235 Jakway, Silas J 235 James, John A 235 Janes, Henry 235 Jeffrey, William Hartley. .. .236 .Tenne, James Nathaniel 236 .Johnson, Luther Burnham . . . 237 .Tohnson, Russell Thayer 237 .Johnson, Walter Harvey 237 .Tones, Alverton G 238 Jones, Charles Henry 238 .Tones, Ralph Allen 238 .Tones, Samuel Albert 238 .Tones, Walter Edwin 239 .Tordon, Eugene B 2.39 .Tordon, Henrv Francis 239 Judklns. .John Hunton 239 ICelley, Barnev F 240 Kelley, John Richard 240 Kelley, Thomas Benton 240 Kelley, William Darius 240 Kellogg, William Pitt 241 Kendall, Hobart M 242 Kent, Dorman Bridgman Eaton 242 Kent, Merritt W 242 Kidder, Charles W 242 Eadder, Fred Thomas 242 Kidder, J. Frank 243 Kimball, Robert Jackson 243 ICing, James Clark 243 King, James S 243 Kingsley, Harvey Roberts .... 244 Kiniry, James Henry 244 ICinne". Marcus 244 ICinsley, Clayton John 244 Kinsley, Earl S 245 Knight, Frank Leonard 245 Knight, M. Clarence 245 LaFountain, Albert William. .245 Lamberton. David H 245 Lane, Winfred Howard 246 Lang, Charles Alfred 246 Lanier, Amos F 246 Latham, Leon Drew 246 Lawrence, Harry Hitchcock . . 247 LawBon, George Benedict . . . .247 Lawton, Shailer E 247 Learned, John Allen 247 Leary, Matthew George 248 L'Ecuyer, Nelson Emery 248 Lee, Edward Payson 248 Lee, Frederic Schiller 249 Leland, George Farnham . . . . 249 Leonard, Claude G 249 Lewis, John Leon 250 Lewis, Ransom T 250 Lillicrap, Harry 250 Little, Charles Edward 250 Lord, Charles Colburn 250 Lord, Charles Sumner 251 Lord. William Adams 251 Loveland, Charles Herbert . . . 251 Lovell, Charles Edward 251 Lovell, Maitland Clair 252 Lowe, Frank Edward 252 Lucia, Joel H 252 Lyman, Elias 253 Lyman. Ray Eugene 253 Lyon, Frank Chauncey 253 Lyons, John Walter 253 McClelland, Donald W 254 McCuen, Robert William ....254 McCullough, John G 50 McDonald, Bruce 254 McFarland, Henry Moses .... 254 McFeeters, Emmet 255 MeGarry. John Bernard .... 255 McGoff, Walter Henry 255 McLean, Donald M. 255 McManus, Peter F 255 McMillan, Frank Griges .... 255 McSweeney. Patrick Eugene . 256 Mackay, James 256 MacLean, Andrew 256 Macomber. .Tames Hervey. . . .256 Malone, Michael 257 Manley, John Batchelder. Jr.. 257 Mann. George William 257 Mansur, Zophar Mack 257 Marsh, Carmi L 258 Marsh. Edward Soraijue .... 2.58 Marshall, Han-v Dean 259 Marshall, Walter Cook Wes- ton 259 Martin, Frank J 259 Martin, James Loren 259 Martin, Lewis Damon 260 Martin, Luke Poland 260 Martin, Nathan ICingsley. . . .261 Martin, Orlando Lewis 261 Mason, Alexander C 261 Mason, Edward T.athrop 261 Massey, Brwin M 261 Mathewson. Ozias Danforth . . 262 Matson. Alexander Henry... 262 Matson, David 262 Maurice. Melville Page 262 Maxfleld. Hariy M 263 Maxhnm, Azro Job 263 Maxham. Charles H 263 Maynarfl. Samuel Erskine .... 263 Mavo. William Barnabas .... 264 Mead. .Tohn A 52 Meader, Thomas A 264 Meagher William J 264 Meigs. Heni-v Benlamin 264 Merrill. Olln 265 JTetcalf. .Tohn 265 Metzirer, Fraser • • . 265 Miles, Charles Appleton 266 Miles, John Fay 266 Miles, Willard W 89 Miller, Adin Franklin 266 Miller, Edwin Haven 266 Miller, John Wesley 267 Mills, George Sherman 267 Milne, George Brown 267 Mimms, John Henry 267 Minard, Will Frank .'...268 Mitiguy, Wilfred Edward 268 Montgomery, Marshall 268 Mood". George Eugene 268 Moody, Mark H 269 Moore, Charles H 269 Morgan, David Llewellyn . . . .269 Morrill, Charles Henry 269 Morse, Dana Holley 270 Morse, George W 270 Morse, Joseph Edward 270 Morton, Henry G 270 Morton, Levi Parsons 271 Moulton, Hosea Ballou 271 Moulton, Sherman Roberts ... 272 Mower, Edmund Curtis 272 Mudgett, Henry Edwin 272 Mudgett, William Chauncey. .272 Munson, Loveland 87 Murph" Thomas H 273 Naylor, William Henry 273 Newcomb, Leo A 273 Newell, Fred Rising 273 Newton, Harvey Putnam. .. .273 Newton, Sewell 273 Nichols, Dayton L 274 Nichols, George Gates 274 Niles, Albert A. 274 Nolan, Daniel Joseph 274 Northrop, Peter Bent Brig- ham ■ 275 Norton, George Madison 275 Norton, Nathan A 275 Norton, Romeo A 275 Noyes, A. Barber 276 Noyes, Eugene Hamilton 276 Noyes, Marcellus Chandler. . .276 Noyes, Orrln Elmer 276 Noyes, Ward B 276 Nutting, Wilson Draper ....277 Nye, Benjamin F 277 Ober, J. Howard 277 O'Connor, Frank H 277 Olmsted, Samuel N 277 O'Neill, James P 277 Ormsbee, Bbenezer J 47 Orton, Gardner L 278 Orvls, Albert Charles 278 Orvis, Charles Frederick .... 278 Orvls, Daniel H 278 Orvis, Edward Church 278 Osgood, Frederick Luke .... 279 Osgood, Herman M. 279 O'Sullivan, Daniel B 279 O'Sulllvan, Daniel Joseph .... 279 Page, Carroll S 48 Page, Frank M 280 Page, Guy Milton 280 Page, Jasper G 280 Page, Russell Smith 280 Paige, LaForest James 280 Palmer, Cornelius S 281 Palmer, George W 281 Parker, Benjamin P 281 Parker, Charles 281 Parker, Charles Bdmond .... 282 Parker, Harry C 282 Parker, Harry Hlwood 282 Parmelee, Edward Jones .... 282 Parmenter, George Harvey ... 283 Patrick, John S 283 Pease, Clifford Athertou 283 Pease, Horace Cone 283 Peck, Cassins 284 Peck, Charles Carrol 284 Peck, Charles William 284 Peck, Hamilton S 285 Peck, Joseph Alanson .... 285 Peck, Theodore Safford 285 Pelton, Rollin M 286 Pember. Jay Read 286 Perclval, Fred J. . . . 287 Perkins, Charles Norman!!! 287 Perkins, (,eorge Henry 287 Perkins, Joseph 287 Perkins, Marsh Olln 287 Perkins, Walter Elmer 288 Perry, David Thomas 288 Perry. Hiram Rtley 288 INDEX 371 Pettee, Arthur Louis 288 Pettee, Frederick G 288 Phelps, Brastus Hibbard 288 Phelps, Frank C 289 Phillips, Hugh 289 Phillips, Elmer E. B 289 PiddocK, John E 289 Pierce, Chai-les Tabor 290 Pierce, Fred D 290 Pike, Paphro Ditus 290 Pillsbury, Fred H 290 Pine, Louis 290 Pingree, Samuel E 47 Pingree, William. Steele 291 I'itkin, Eldred C 291 Plumley, Charles Albert 291 Plumley, Prank 77 Pollard, Don C 291 Pollard. John H 292 l>oole, William Everett 292 Porter, Eli H 292 Poulin, Camille V 292 Powell, Harry B. .' 292 Powell, Max L 292 Powers, George M 89 Powers, H. Henry 76 Powers, Jerry M 293 Powers, Norman C 293 Pratt, Charles Howard 293 Proctor, Fletcher D 51 Prouty, Charles Azro 293 Prouty, George H 51 Putnam, Frank Bingham .... 294 Putnam, Fred W 294 Putnam, George Kimball .... 294 Randall, George W 295 Ray, Thomas Walter 295 Raymond, George Henry.... 295 Reardou, John Benjamin 295 Redmond, John W 296 Reed, Azro Andrus 296 Reed, George A 296 Reirden, William W 296 Reunie, Alden J 296 Reynolds, Milo C 296 Reynolds, Sanford P 297 Rice, Arthur F 297 Rice, Howard Crosby 297 Bice, John Loyell 298 Rice, Joseph J 298 Hice, Newman Dennlson 299 Rich, Arthur Max 299 Richardson, Charles W 299 Richardson, Frederick A ... 299 Richardson, Harrison A. B. . . 299 Richardson, Jacob, Jr 299 Richardson, Myrton Harold . . 300 Richardson, Oryille H 300 Richmond, George Henry .... 300 Richold, Silas S 300 Ricker, William A 300 Rider, William Wallace 301 Robb, Clinton 301 Robbins, Merton Covey 301 Robbins, Ned Waldo 301 Roberts, Robert 301 Robinson, Edson 302 Robinson, Edwin G 302 Robinson, Elmer Elsworth . . . 302 Robinson, Juan 302 Robinson, Euf us Gersham .... 302 Roel, Austin W 302 Rogers, Frank M 303 Ross. Edward H 303 Rowell, John W 87 Roys, Claude Alonzo 303 Rublee, William Seymour 303 Russell, Charles H 304 Russell, George Albert 304 Russell, Leroy C 304 Russell, William Wallace 304 Rutledge, David J 304 Butter, Harvey Thomas 305 Ryder, Herbert Daniel 305 Sabin, James Thurston 305 Sanderson, Corbin L 305 Sargent, Carl Theodore 306 Sargent, John Garibaldi ....306 Sault, Joseph William 306 Sawyer, Arthur Augustus . . . 306 Sawyer, Otis Cornelius 306 Saxby, Edward Horace 307 SchoCf, Charles E 307 Schwenk, Anthony Franz .... 307 Scofield, Columbus Sewell . . . 307 Scott, Walter F 308 Searles, J. Rolf 308 Seaver, Ezra Thomas 308 Seaver, Harley T 308 Seaver, Lewis Mead 308 Shannon, James Daniel 308 Shaw, Harry Chase 309 Shaw, Henry Bigelow 309 Shaw, Henry Hatric 309 Shaw, William Alden 310 Shea, Daniel Augustus 310 Shedd, Charles Gale 310 Sheldon, Charles L 310 Shepardson, Frederick H 311 Sherburne, Hermon K 311 Sherburne, John Calvin 311 Sherman, Alfred Leavenworth. 311 Sherry, Ralph D 311 Sherwin, Enos Heman 312 Shipman, James Fi-ancis. . . .312 Shurtleff, Harry C 312 Sinclair, Frank Oscar 312 Skinner, Chauncey S 313 Slack, Leighton P 313 Sleeper, Albert E 313 Smith, Charles A 314 Smith, Charles P 314 Smith, Clement Frank 314 Smith, Clifford Hayes 314 Smith, Edgar Burr 315 Smith, Edward C 49 Smith, Ephralm John 315 Smith, Frank Edgar 315 Smith, Fred Blisha 315 Smith, Frederick Charles ...315 Smith, George Dana 315 Smith, Henry George 316 Smith, Hubbard A 316 Smith, H. Monf ord 316 Smith, John B 316 Smith, Robert Everett 317 Smith, William J 317 Soule, William S 317 Southgate, Frederick C. ....317 Southwick, John Leonard. .. .318 Sparhawk, Sam 318 Sparrow, Albert S 318 Spaulding, Wallace W 318 Spear, Victor Ira 318 Spooner, Charles H 319 Sprague, Edward G 319 Sprague, William Hibbard. . .319 Stackpole, George Rollin .... 319 Stanley, Eugene Arthur 320 Stannard, Harry James 320 Stannard, Heman 320 Stanton, Zed S 90 Staples, Berton Isaac 320 Staples, Charles Jason 321 Start, Burdette H 321 Start, Ozro G 321 Start, Simeon Gould 321 Steams, Charles H 321 Stearns, Edward H 322 Stearns, Joseph Tuttle 322 Stearns, Walter Dudley 322 Steele, Charles W 322 Stevens, Charles H 323 Stevens, Jonas T 323 Stewart, John W 43 Stewart, William E 323 Stlckney, Clarence L 323 Stickney, William Brunswick . 328 Stlckney, William W 50 SUles, Frank W 324 Stiles, George H 324 Stillson, Henry Leonard .... 324 Stockwell, Charles Julius. .. .324 Stoddard, Frederick Rubert. .325 Stone, Addison Gardner 325 Stone, Archie W 325 Stone, Arthur Fairbanks 325 Stone, Mason Sereno 326 Storv, Solomon, Jr 326 Stowe, Frank D. E 326 Stratton, George Oren 326 Strong, Francis Mlleg 327 Stuart, James Hamilton ....328 Sturtevant, Ernest A 328 Sturtevant, Homer B 328 Sumner, Benjamin Anson .... 328 Sumner, Harold Martin .... 329 Swift, Benjamin 329 Swiney, William Wallace 329 Tabor, George Washington. .329 Taft, Charles C 329 Tanner, James D 330 Taplin, Horatio Nelson 330 Taplin, Merrick M 330 Taylor, Henry Robert 330 Taylor, James Paddock 331 Taylor, John Bumham 331 Taylor, Linn I). 331 Taylor, Orrin C 331 Taylor, William H 90 Tenney, Elbert Clarence .... 331 Terry, William 332 Thayer, Lewis P 332 Therlauit, William Napoleon . . 332 Thomas, Edwin A 332 Thomas, Eugene Allen 333 Thomas, Fred Barnes 333 Thomas, John Martin 333 '1 uompson, Frank D 333 Thompson, John J 333 Tierney, James Henry 334 Tilden, George A 334 Tlnkham, H. C 334 Titcomb, John Wheelock 334 Tolmah, Frank Shepard .... 334 Towne, Ira Edwin 334 Tracy, Amasa Sawyer 335 Tracy, Frank Herbert 335 Tracy, William B 336 Tryon, Cyrus Williams 336 Tucker, Henry 336 Tupper, Herbert G 336 Turnbull, James G 336 Turner, Levi Curtis 337 Tuttle, Albert 337 Tuttle; Egbert C 337 Twltchell, Emmus George ... 337 Twombly, William C 338 Tyler, james M 76 Udall, >jnarles Justin 338 UUery, Jacob G 338 Vail, Theodore Newton 338 Van Patten, William J 339 Vamey, Jed T 339 Varnum, Harvey William .... 339 Vaughan, Arthur Montague . . 339 Vezina, Louis Albert 340 Vinton, William B 340 Vinton, William H 340 Volholm, Holm Julius 341 Waite, Herschel Napoleon . . . 341 Walte, Smith B 342 Walbridge, J. Edward 342 Walker, Daniel Chase 342 Walker, Prank Arden 342 Walker, Gustavus R 343 Walker, Henry Willard 343 Walker, Seldon Z 343 Walker, William Franklin .... 343 Wallace, Hiram J 343 Wallace, James B 343 Waller, Chester Curtis 344 Walter, Charles True 344 Ward, George W 344 Ward, Horace B 344 Ward, James Edward 344 Warner, Frank Henry 345 Warner, William Russell .... 345 Warren, Charles Carlton .... 345 Warren, Mial D 345 Wasson, Watson Lovell 346 Waterman, Norman Augustin.346 Watkins, Schurman Halsted..346 Watson, Charles Douglas. . . .346 Watson, Horace L 347 Watson, John H 88 Watson, Seldon S 347 Way, Harry A 347 Webb, Charles Alfred 347 Webber, Marvelle Christopher . 347 Webster, Carroll B 348 Webster, Fred Grant 348 Webster, Harry Peaslee 348 Weed, Walter Anson 348 Weeks, John B 348 Weeks, John P 348 Welch, Samuel P 349 Wells, Clarence Cornell 349 Wells, Henry 349 Whalen, Patrick B 350 Wheeler, Henry Orson 350 Wheeier, John Brooks 350 Wheeler, Nathaniel Phillip ... 351 Wheelock, Gay B 351 Whitcomb, Arthur Austin. .. .351 Whitcomb, James Arthur . . . .351 Whitcomb, Moses Sheldon . . . 352 372 INDEX White, Arthur B 352 White, Homer 352 White, Orra A 353 White, William H 353 Whltehill, Harry Clarence ... 353 WhltehlU, Nelson James 353 Whitney, B^ed Norris 353 Whitney, Harold Edward... 353 Whittemore, Albert Gallatin. 353 Wilder, Arthur Brickett 354 Wilder, George Hubbard .... 354 Wilf ore, Irving A 354 Wilkins, Glenn A 355 Willard, George Frank Belden.355 Willard, Henry Augustus. .. .355 Willey. Chauncey Merton .... 356 Willey, Chester Joseph 356 Williams, Edward Hlgginson . 356 Williams, Frank Clifton 358 Williams, Frank Turner 358 Williams, Nathan Gallup 358 Williams, Norman 359 Williamson, Charles H 359 Wilson, Barle El win 359 Wilson, George Edmund 360 Wilson, Stanley Calef 360 Wing, George Washington , . . 360 Wolcott, Howard F 360 Wood, Nelson S 360 Woodbury, Edward Phllo 361 Woodbury, Urban A 49 Woodruff, Harrison G 361 Woodward, Homer Charles.. 361 Wooster, Frank Whiting .... 361 Wright, Alfred Thomas 362 Wright, George Cragln 362 Wright, J. Edward 362 Wright, Joel Fitz 362 Wright, John J 363 Wright, Warren C 363 Wright, Willard Miles 363 Wright, William Henry 363 Wright, William J 363 Wyatt, Arthur D 364 Wyman, Edmund Lewis 364 Wyman, Martin Luther 364 Young, John 364 Young, Norman B 365 Adams, James Plnekney Hen- derson 95 Altken, George 96 Ballard, Smith Sabin 108 Barclay, William 109 Barnes, M. P 110 Barstow, John L 112 Bolster, Levi J 124 Chandler, Albert B 141 Cutts, Henry T 161 DeBoer, Joseph A 4 Dewey, George 170 Dillingham, William P 171 Dunton, Charles Howard .... 175 Emery, Curtis S 181 Pish, Prank L 190 Fletcher, Allen M 192 Flynn, John J 193 Folsom, Harley E 193 ILLUSTRATIONS Gibson, Ernest Willard 199 Grout, Don D 207 Grout, Josiah 208 Harvey, George 214 Holden, Geo. Jean 222 Holden, Jonas H 222 Holton, Henry D 224 Howe, Prank E. 229 Howland, Frank G 230 Kellogg, William Pitt 241 Kidder, Pred Thomas 242 Lawson, George B 247 Lewis, John L. 250 Mansur, Zophar Mack 257 Marsh, Carmi 258 Martin, Orlando Lewis 261 McCuUough, John G 254 Mead, John A 2 Meigs, Henry Benjamin .... 264 Page, Carroll S 279 Plumley, Prank 291 Prouty, George H 294 Elce, Arthur is' 297 Roberts, Robert 301 Smith, Gov. B. C 315 Stannard, Heman 320 Stewart, John W 323 Stickney, W. B. C 323 Stickney, William W 324 Stone, Mason S 326 Stratton, George 326 Strong, P. M 328 Vail, Theodore N 338 Wells, Henry 349 Whltcomb, J. A 351 Willard, H. A 355 Wright, Rev. J. Edward 362 I 4'' !