a54 
 
CORNELL 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 
BUREAU OF RMIWIY ECONOMICS 
 
 Established by Railways of the United States 
 for the Scientific Study of Tratisportation Problems 
 
 Railvay Trainmen's Eaniings 
 1916 
 
 Cornell University Library 
 HD4966.R12 U54 
 
 olin 
 
 ConsecutiTe No. 107 
 Miscellaneous Series No. 28 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 1917 
 
 3 1924 032 452 793 
 
BULLETINS OF THE 
 BUREAU OF RAILWAY ECONOMICS 
 
 MOKTHI.T Btn:j.ETINS 
 
 The monthly summary of Revenues and Expenses of Steam R<>ad6 
 In tbe United States has been issued regularly since JnlJ-, 1910. 
 
 FoUowing Is the list of Bulletins for the last twelve months : 
 
 Consecutive 
 
 Monthly Report 
 
 Number. 
 
 Series. Month of—, . 
 
 90. 
 
 68. January, 1916. 
 
 91. 
 
 69. February, 1916. 
 
 93. 
 
 70. Mal:ch,1916. 
 
 95. 
 
 71. April, 191^6. 
 
 96. 
 
 72. May, 1916. 
 
 97. . 
 
 73. June, 1916. 
 
 ifOi 
 
 74. July, 1916. 
 
 99. - 
 
 75. August, 1916. 
 
 101. 
 
 76. September, 1916 
 
 loa 
 
 77. Octobfer, 1916. 
 
 104. 
 
 78. November, 1916. 
 
 106. 
 
 79. December, 1916. 
 
 
 Insert with Bulletin 97— Operating IJeturrip : Fiscil Tears Ending 
 
 
 June 30, 19l5 and 1916. 
 
 
 The following issues are out of print and no copies are available : 
 
 Consecutive 
 
 Monthly Eeport 
 
 Number. 
 
 Serifs. Month of — 
 
 1. 
 
 1. July, 1910. 
 
 3. 
 
 3. September, 1910. 
 
 7. ■ 
 
 5. October, 1910. 
 
 , 9. 
 
 7. December, 1919. 
 
 10. 
 
 8. January, 1911. 
 
 12. 
 
 9. February, 1911. 
 
 13. 
 
 10. March, 1911. 
 
 19. 
 
 13. June, 1911. , 
 
 22. 
 
 15. August, 1911. 
 
 51. 
 
 37. June, 1913. 
 
 (Oonthiued, to page 3 of cover.) 
 
RaUvay Trainmen's Earnings 
 1916 
 
 (Compiled from Reports to the 
 Inlerstale Commerce Commission.) 
 
 Bureau of Railvay Economics 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Harcli. 1917 
 
HI) 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 Page 
 
 Introductory 5 
 
 Average Number of Trainmen in Service 7 
 
 Aggregate Compensation of Trainmen- 10 
 
 Annual Earnings per Trainman 12 
 
 Total Number of Hours on Duty ' 14 
 
 Average Compensation per Hour 15 
 
 Definitions 16 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of tiiis book is in 
 tine Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924032452793 
 
RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS 
 
 1916 
 
 Introductory. — Effective July i, 191 5, the Interstate Commerce 
 Commission issued a set of rules governing the classification of 
 steam-railway employees and their compensation. The returns made 
 by railways to the Commission for the fiscal year ended June 30, 
 1916, therefore, offer the first opportunity for tabulations based on 
 a uniform classification of their employees. They also afford the 
 opportunity to tabulate average number in service, aggregate com- 
 pensation, and average annual and hourly earnirfgs of railway em- 
 ployees. 
 
 This bulletin presents statistics of this nature for the fiscal year 
 1916, covering the different classes of railway trainmen. It covers 
 only the returns of roads of Class I — that is, those with annual oper- 
 ating revenues above $1,000,000. There were 178 of these roads in 
 1916, with an operated mileage of 231,245 miles. These roads han- 
 dled more than 95 per cent of the freight and passenger traffic of 
 the railways in 1916, so that statistics covering the number and com- 
 pensation of their trainmen may be regarded as representative of 
 the general conditions under which railway trainmen work. 
 
 Five tables follow,' with accompanying text, which present statis- 
 tics of number and compensation of railway trainmen in 1916. The 
 remainder of the bulletin is devoted to definitions of the terms 
 utilized in the bulletin; also a description of the classification of 
 trainmen prescribed by the Commission. 
 
(i RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916 
 
 Table I. — This table gives the average number of trainmen in 
 service during 1916, distributed among the fourteen classes of road 
 and yard trainmen. In common with the other tables in the bulletin. 
 Table I presents statistics for the United States as a whole, and also 
 for the Eastern, Southern, and Western districts separately. . The 
 number of trainmen shown in Table I is in each case the average of 
 the counts made on the i6th days of July, October, January, and 
 April, as described on page 16. 
 
RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916 
 
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8 RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916 
 
 Trainmen in the service of roads of Class I averaged 284,767 
 during 1916, of whom 203,673, or nearly three-fourths, were as- 
 signed to road service and 81,094 to yard service. Taking road and 
 yard trainmen together, they are distributed among the four prm- 
 cipal classes of engineers, firemen, conductors, and other trammen, 
 as follows : 
 
 Class. Number. Per cent. 
 
 All trainmen 284,767 loo.o 
 
 Engineers 57.207 20. i 
 
 Firemen 59.o68 20. 7 
 
 Conductors 48,571 i7-i 
 
 Other trainmen 1 19,921 42 • i 
 
 Taking road trainmen separately, they are distributed among the 
 same four principal classes as follows : 
 
 Class. Number. Per cent. 
 
 Road trainmen 203,673 100. o 
 
 Engineers 42,458 20.8 
 
 Firemen 44,041 21.6 
 
 Conductors 34,344 16.9 
 
 Other road trainmen 82,830 40.7 
 
 With the exception of the very small class of "other road train 
 employees," the returns permit the separation of road trainmen as 
 between the passenger and the freight service. This separation, so 
 far as the returns make it possible, is as follows : 
 
 Class of service. Number. Per cent. 
 
 Road trainmen 203,673 100. o 
 
 In passenger service 56,979 28 . o 
 
 In freight service 143,489 70.4 
 
 Not separated 3,205 i .6 
 
 That is, nearly five-sevenths of the road trainmen are assigned to 
 the freight service, while about two-sevenths are assigned to the 
 passenger service. 
 
 As among the three territorial districts into which the United 
 States is divided by the Interstate Commerce Commission the road 
 and yard trainmen are distributed as shown below : 
 
RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916 9 
 
 District. Road trainmen. Yard trainmen. All trainmen. 
 
 United States 203,673 81,094 284,767 
 
 Eastern district 96,507 46,519 143,026 
 
 Southern district... 32,757 11,366 44,123 
 
 Western district. . . . 74,409 23,209 97,6i8 
 
 This distribution according to districts is reduced to a percentage 
 basis in the following table : 
 
 District. Road trainmen. Yard trainmen. All trainmen. 
 
 United States loo.o 100. o 100. o 
 
 Eastern district 47-4 57-4 50 -2 
 
 Southern district... 16. i 14.0 15.5 
 
 Western district. .. . 36.5 28.6 34-3 
 
 One-half of the trainmen are in the East, about one-third in the 
 West, and the remaining sixth in the South. The number of yard 
 trainmen is proportionately high in the East and proportionately low 
 in the West. 
 
 Table II. — This table covers the same railways, the same oper- 
 ated mileage, and the same number of trainmen as Table I. It gives 
 the aggregate compensation of the fourteen classes of road and yard 
 trainmen during the fiscal year 1916, distributed according to class 
 and according to territorial district. 
 
10 
 
 RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916 
 
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RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916 H 
 
 The aggregate compensation of railway trainmen in the service of 
 Toads of Class I. during 1916 was $382,848,993. This was distrib- 
 uted among the four principal groups or classes of trainmen as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 Class. Aggregate compensation. Per cent. 
 
 All trainmen $382,848,993 100. o 
 
 Engineers 106,684,789 27.9 
 
 Firemen ; . 67,106,272 17.5 
 
 Conductors 78,454,014 20.5 
 
 Other trainmen 130,603,918 34. i 
 
 Limiting this same distribution by classes to road trainmen alone, 
 the amounts and percentage distribution are as follows : 
 
 Class. Aggregate compensation. Per cent. 
 
 Road trainmen $279,896,700 100. o 
 
 Engineers 83,042,787 29 . 7 
 
 Firemen 52,338,515 18.7 
 
 Conductors 58,284,282 20 . 8 
 
 Other road trainmen. . . 86,231,116 30.8 
 
 TabIvE III. — This table is derived from Tables I and II, covering 
 the same roads and the same number of trainmen. It gives the 
 average annual earnings per trainman in 1916, statistics being pre- 
 sented for each of the fourteen classes of road and yard trainmen, 
 for the United States as a whole, and by districts. The average in 
 the case of each class is computed by dividing the aggregate com- 
 pensation of that class (as shown in Table II) by the average num- 
 ber of that class in service during 1916 (as shown in Table I). 
 
12 
 
 RAILWAY TRAINAIEN'8 EARNINGS, 1916 
 
 
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RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916 13 
 
 The annual earnings of all trainmen in the service of roads of 
 Class I in 1916 averaged $1,344 per man. The average was highest 
 in the Western district, $1,450; next highest in the Eastern district, 
 $1,303; and lowest in the Southern district, $1,245. This relation- 
 ship between the districts did not hold for all the individual classes. 
 Thus for road passenger engineers the average was highest in the 
 Southern district and lowest in the Eastern district; for road pas- 
 senger firemen the averages are almost the same for South and East, 
 while both are lower than in the West; for road freight engineers 
 the average was highest in the West and lowest in the East. 
 
 The average earnings of the four principal classes of trainmen in 
 1916 were as follows: 
 
 Class. Road trainmen. Yard trainmen. All trainmen. 
 
 All classes. $i,374 $1,270 $i,344 
 
 Engineers i,9S6 1,603 1,865 
 
 Firemen 1,188 983 1,136 
 
 Conductors. 1,697 1,418 1,615 
 
 Other trainmen..... 1,041 1,196 1,089 
 
 Tabi^e IV. — This table also covers the same roads and the same 
 classes of trainmen as the preceding tables. It gives the total num- 
 ber of hours on duty, including hours held for duty, of each of the 
 fourteen classes of road and yard trainmen. As in the other tables, 
 the statistics are shown for the United States as a whole and for the 
 three districts separately. Table IV appears on page 14. 
 
 Table V. — This table is derived from Tables II and IV. For 
 each class of road and yard trainmen the average earnings per hour 
 have been computed by dividing the aggregate compensation (Table 
 II) by the total number of hours on duty (Table IV). Table V 
 ^.ppears on page 15. 
 
14 
 
 RAILWAY TRAINMEN 8 EARNINUiS, 1916 
 
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RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916. 
 
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jg RAILWAY TRAINMEN-^ EARNINGS, 1916 
 
 Table \' shows the average hourly compensation of the fourteen 
 classes of road and yard trainmen for 1916. The average for the 
 United States was 43.4 cents ; was 40.8 cents for the East, 43.1 cents 
 for the South, and 47.8 cents for the West. 
 
 The compensation of the four principal classes of road trainmen 
 average per hour on duty or held for duty was as follows : 
 
 Cents per hour : 1916. 
 
 * — ' > 
 
 Class. Passenger service. Freight service. Total. 
 
 Engineers 90-5 60.8 68.3 
 
 Firemen 56-5 39-0 43-3 
 
 Conductors 7i-5 50.2 55-8 
 
 Other road trainmen .... ■ ■ • • 35-0 
 
 These averages are of actual earnings per hour, and do not repre- 
 sent hourly rates of pay. 
 
 Definitions. 
 
 Railwav employees defined.^Tht rules of the Interstate Com- 
 merce Commission define the term "railway employee" as follows: 
 ■ "The word employee is intended to include every person in the serv- 
 ice of the reporting carrier subject to its continuing authority to 
 supervise and direct the manner of rendition of his service." 
 
 Number of employees.— Csirriers are required to classify and count 
 the employees in their service at four different times each year: as 
 nearly as possible the i6th day of July, October, January, and April. 
 Under the rules of the Commission, this count includes "every person 
 sustaining to the carrier the relation of employee and actually in 
 service or available for duty on the day of the count." Employees 
 specifically excluded from the count are those absent on definite 
 leave, those under suspension, and pensioners not bound to render 
 service. 
 
 Hours on duty. — Under the rules of the Commission, time spent 
 while actually at work or while subject to orders is included by the 
 carriers in their report of hours on duty. Time allowed for meals, 
 for half holidays, holidays, absence on leave, and vacations is not 
 included. The hours of the several classes of road and yard train- 
 men are governed by these rules regarding time on duty or held for 
 duty. 
 
RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916 17 
 
 Classification of trainmen. — The Interstate Commerce Commis- 
 sion classifies railway employees into 68 separate classes or groups, 
 the classification being based upon the respective occupation of each 
 group of employees. Fourteen of these classes comprise the general 
 group known as railway trainmen. They are distinguished between 
 road traihmen and yard trainmen as follows : 
 
 Road trainmen : 
 
 1. Road freight engineers and motormen. 
 
 2. Road freight firemen and helpers. 
 
 3. Road freight conductors. 
 
 4. Road freight brakemen and flagmen. 
 
 5. Road passenger engineers and motormen. 
 
 6. Road passenger firemen and helpers. 
 
 7. Road passenger conductors. 
 
 8. Road passenger baggagemen. 
 
 9. Road passenger brakemen and flagmen. 
 
 10. Other road train employees. 
 
 Yard trainmen : 
 
 11. Yard engineers and motormen. 
 
 12. Yard firemen and helpers. 
 
 13. Yard conductors (or foremen). 
 
 14. Yard brakemen (switchmen or helpers). 
 
 These fourteen classes of trainmen are defined by the Interstate 
 Commerce Commission regulations as follows: 
 
 Road Trainmen. 
 
 1. Road freight engineers and motormen. — Employees engaged in 
 operating steam or electric locomotives in freight-train, mixed-train, 
 road work-train, and wreck-train service. 
 
 2. Road freight firemen and helpers. — Employees engaged in firing 
 steam locomotives and in helping on electric locomotives in freight- 
 train, mixed-train, road work-train, and wreck-train service. 
 
 3. Road freight conductors. — Employees in charge of trains and 
 train crews in freight-train, mixed-train, road work-train, and wreck- 
 train service. 
 
j8 RAILWAY TRAINMEN'S EARNINGS, 1916 
 
 4. Road freight brakemen and flagmen. — Employees in freight- 
 train, mixed-train, road work-train, and wreck-train service, who 
 assist in the handling of the train. 
 
 5. Road passenger engineers and motormen. — Employees engaged 
 in operating locomotives and motor cars in passenger-train service. 
 
 6. Road passenger firemen and helpers. — Employees engaged in 
 firing locomotives and helping motormen in passenger-train service. 
 
 7. Road passenger conductors. — Employees in charge of passenger 
 trains and train crews. 
 
 8. Road passenger baggagemen. — Employees in charge of baggage 
 and pouch mail service on passenger trains. 
 
 9. Road passenger brakemen and flagmen. — Employees in pas- 
 senger-train service who. assist in the handling pf the train. 
 
 10. Other road train employees. — Train employees not provided 
 for in the foregoing nine classes, such as: train ticket collectors, 
 train auditors, train electricians, train stenographers, train porters, 
 train matrons, etc. 
 
 Yard Trainmen. 
 
 11. Yard engineers and motormen. — Employees engaged in oper- 
 ating steam or electric locomotives in yard switching and work 
 service. 
 
 12. Yard firemen and helpers. — Employees engaged in firing steam 
 locomotives and helping on electric locomotives in yard switching 
 and work service. 
 
 13. Yard conductors {or foremen). — Employees who have direct 
 charge of engines and crews engaged in yard switching and work 
 service. 
 
 14. Yard brakemen {switchmen or helpers). — Employees who 
 couple and uncouple or ride cars in breaking up or making up trains, 
 such as yard brakemen, car riders, yard switchmen (brakemen), -and 
 other employees performing similar service ; also brakemen on yard 
 work trains. 
 
BULLETINS OF THE 
 BUREAU OP RAILWAY ECONOMICS 
 
 MISCEUlAN£OUS PUBLICATIOMB 
 
 (Opnttnuetl from page 2 of cover.) 
 
 GonsecuUve MJacellaneoufe 
 Namber. Series Ntitiiber. 
 
 '21- 7, The Cost of Transportatioil on the ISrle Canal and by 
 
 ,HaU. 
 39. 13. Comparison of Capital Values-r-AgricuItur^. Manu^ 
 
 factures, and the Railways. 
 45. 14- Ilailways and Agricultare, 1900-1910. 
 
 62. 16. List of PuWicatiohs Pertaining to Qoveniment Own- 
 
 - ership. 
 
 73. IB. The Arguments For and Agai^^ Triin-Crew Legis- 
 
 lation. 
 
 88. 22. Snmnaary of Railway Returns for the Fiscal Year 
 
 jflndlng June 30, 1915, /. 
 
 92. 23„ Arguments For and Against Limitation of Length <i( 
 
 Freight Trains. 
 Railway Stockholders, June 30, 1915. i 
 Comparative Railway Statistics, United States and 
 
 Foreign Countries, 1913. 
 tetatisUcs of Railways, 1905-1915, United States. 
 Summary of Railway Returns for the Fiscal Year 
 
 JBndlng June 30, 1916. 
 
 107. 2S. Railway Trainmen's Earnings, 1916. 
 
 94. 
 
 24. 
 
 .100. 
 
 25. 
 
 103. 
 
 26. 
 
 105. 
 
 27. 
 
 The following issues are out of prfnt and no copies are available : 
 
 Consecutive 
 Number. 
 
 MtscellaneouB 
 Series NUmbet. 
 
 Consecutive 
 Number. 
 
 Miscellaneous 
 Series Number 
 
 4. 
 
 i. 
 
 ,,'■' '^28.^ ' 
 
 m 
 
 6. 
 
 : > '.2-'s ',:,. 
 
 31. 
 
 11- 
 
 11. 
 
 3. 
 
 34. 
 
 12. 
 
 15. 
 
 ,■' -;■ '4:,;^ '■.■' 
 
 53. 
 
 15. 
 
 17. 
 
 5. , 
 
 66. 
 
 17. 
 
 18. 
 
 6. 
 
 75. 
 
 19. 
 
 23. 
 
 ^::'^::'':if,;("rfh 
 
 81. 
 
 20. 
 
 24. 
 
 ■ 9. " 
 
 8S. 
 
 21. 
 
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