111 
 
THE GIFT OF 
 
 .U^.....3vaA:u« 
 
 ..:f^..\aax.^J.:w <i^. 
 
 5474 
 
EGYPTIAN 
 SELF-TAUGHT. 
 
 For 
 
 TRAVELLERS 
 
 OFFICIALS 
 
 SOLDIERS 
 
 MISSIONARIES! 
 
 TRADERS 
 
 (ARABIC.) &c., &c. 
 
 ki.kkA.A.kJkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkKkkkkkkkXkkkkAkkkkkki^kkkkki 
 
 Vocabularies 
 
 Colloquial Phrases . 
 
 Dialos:ues 
 
 Travel Talk 
 
 Naval, Military, Sporting and 
 Commercial Terms . 
 Money, Weights, Measures 
 
 I 
 
 I WITH CORRECT 
 
 I PRONUNCIATiq 
 
 BY 
 
 C. A. THIMM, F.R.G.S. 
 
 rYYYYYYYYYYYYYrYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYTYYTYYyYYyYYYyYYl 
 
 SECOND EDITION. i 
 
 21- 
 
 ot. Bound in Cloth, 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 E. MARLBOROUGH & Co., 
 
 SI, OLD BAILEY, E.C. 
 
 ENTERED AT STA, HALL 
 
^S'df-B ZC 
 
 FRENCH. 
 
 I. STEP. FOR NURSERY AND JUNIOR SOHOOU 
 
 tAHN (F.), The Child's French Book. Srd Edition. 12ino. Cloth ... 1/0 
 
 .HN (Dr. F.), French Class Book for Beginners. [Ahn's pibst Fbenoh 
 OouBSB.] Adapted from the German original by A. Dudevant. Edited 
 and Bevieed by C. A. Thimm, f.b.g.s. 7th improved edition. 8vo. Cloth 1/6 
 
 d AROCHE (Josephine), Contes Amnsants Soignensement Choisies pour lea 
 Enfants Anglais. Edited and Revised by C. A. Thimm, f.e.q.s. 3rd 
 Edition. 12mo. Cloth. (In preparation.) ... ... ... ... 2/0 
 
 JOUIS (Frangols), Pofcsies de I'Enfance, Choisies. [Fbbncb Foetbi 
 FOB Childbbh.] 6th Edition. 12mo Cloth ... ... ... ... 1/0 
 
 I I. STEP. FOR SCHOOL AND SELF-INSTRUCTION . 
 
 THIMM (C. A.), French Self-Taught. With Phonetic Pronunciation, 
 Vocabularies, Elementary Grammar, Idiomatic Phrases and Dialogues, 
 Travel Talk. 8vo. wrapper... ... ... ... ... ... 1/0 
 
 Oi bound in Bed Cloth Boards ... ... ... ... ... 1/6 
 
 IHN (P.), French Grammar. AUTHOR'S 14th EDITION. 8vo. Cloth 2/6 
 , ^Edited and Revised by C. A. Thimm, f.b.Q.b. 
 
 ( — ), Key to the Exercises. By 0. A. Thimm, f.b.q.s.. Svo. wrapper 1/0 
 
 CAMPHUIS (0. F.), Rules of French Grammar at a Glance. 
 
 For Teachers and Students. Being a summary of the language in a 
 practical and simplified form, as a Text-book for use in the Class, and 
 
 I preparation for examinations. Demy Svo, wrapper 1/0 
 
 I Or Cloth Boards 1/6 
 
 DUDEVANT (A.), The Complete French Reader. 
 
 Compiled after that of P. Ahn. Revised with additions, and Edited with 
 English Notes by 0. A. Thimm, f.b.q.b. 6th Enlarged Edition. Svo. Cloth 2/6 
 
 BEADVOISIN (Mariot de), The French Verbs at a glance 1/0 
 
 BEAUVOISIN (Mariot de), Anecdotes and Stories in French. 
 
 With an explanation of the difficult words, phrases, idioms, &o. Foap. 
 8vo„ Cloth ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ;!« 
 
 BEAUVOISIN (Mariot de), Les Aventares de Gil Bias. 
 
 The first book. With an English verbal coUateral translation, Demy 
 Svo., Cloth ... ... ... ... ... ^./ .' jij 
 
 III. STEP. F OR CLASS-READING. EXAMINATIONS, & SELF-STUDY . 
 
 THE MARLBOROUGH SERIES OF FRENCH CLASSICS. 
 
 BoliAre. Le Bourgeois Gentilhorame. 
 
 Comidie, With English Notes by A. Dudevant. 16mo., Cloth ... 1/0 
 Bandeau. Mademoiselle de la Seigliire. 
 
 With EngUsh Notes by C. A. Thimm, f.e.o.s. (In the Press) 1/0 
 
 (iOndon:— E. MARLBOROUGH & Co., Publishers. 61, Old Bailey. E.G. 
 
Egyptian Self-Taugl^t 
 
 (ARABIC), 
 
 WITH 
 
 ENGLISH PHONETIC PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 Vocabularies — Elementary Grammar^ — Idiomatic 
 Phrases and Dialogues- — Travel Talk. 
 
 C. A. THIMM, F.R.G.S. 
 
 Author of the " Sblp-Taught" Library, based on a simple and practical method 
 tcrr Universal Self-Tmtion in European and Oriental Languages. 
 
 PRICE TWO SHILLINGS. 
 Bound in Cloth, 2s. 6d. 
 
 SECOND EDITION. 
 
 E. Marlborough & Co., 51, Old Bailey, London, E.C 
 [all bights rbbebved.] 
 
-z 
 
 7 B -g 5- 
 PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION. 
 
 The welcome given to "Egyptian Self-Tatjoht " has proved that 
 a simple but practical guide to the Colloquial Arabic spoken in 
 Egypt at the present day was much needed. This Second Edition 
 is issued after thorough revision, the many criticisms and sugges- 
 tions made by friends and correspondents in Egypt having all had 
 most careful consideration, added to which Professor Flinders Petrio 
 has again been so good as to read through the proofs, and, by 
 the kindness of the Editor of the Egyptian Gazette, we received 
 from Mr. D. A. Cameron, of Cairo, some valuable suggestions he 
 made whilst reviewing the book for that paper. Thanks are also due 
 to Captain Maohell (Inspector General of Coast Guard, and late 
 of the Egyptian Army), to Captain H. C. Prichard (Army Head- 
 quarters, Alexandria) for many notes and additions to ' the Naval 
 and Military portion, and to the Revd. Dr. Andrew Watson, of 
 the American Mission in Cairo for revising the Slissionary vocabu. 
 lary. In a language derived from classical Arabic, and used over 
 so vast a district as is embraced in the terms Upper and Lower 
 Egypt, local variations in use and pronunciation of words are 
 bound to occur, and whilst the aim has been to adhere to the 
 scheme arranged for transliteration at the last Congress of Orien- 
 talists, the phonetic given is that of the words most generally 
 accepted. In the hope of making this little handbook of still 
 greater assistance and value to those requiring to use the Egyptian 
 language, any further suggestions for its improvement will be most 
 gladly received. 
 
 C. A. THIMM. 
 
 Loudon, Febi-uanj, 1898. 
 
PREFACE 
 
 This little manual is intended as a practical Handbook of 
 Colloquial Arabic, as spoken in Egy pt, for the Navy and Army, 
 Travellers, Missionaries, and Traders on the Nile, in Alexan- 
 dria, or in the Sudan. The Arabic grammar and characters 
 have purposely been omitted as the same are to be found in 
 the companion volume " Arabic Self - Taught " * which 
 latter work is essential for studying the language in its 
 classical form. 
 
 By the use of this book, students will find they are quite compe- 
 tent to make themselves clearly understood by all classes of Arabs 
 met with in Egypt, the Sudan, and a considerable part of North 
 Africa. 
 
 The formation of plurals and the imperfect of verbs, the main 
 difficulties of the language have been invariably added. 
 
 The transliteration adopted has been carefully and accurately 
 arranged on the " Self-Taught" system, which gives the correct 
 phonetic pronunciation, and in conjunction also with the 
 scheme arranged at the last Congress of Orientalists, which 
 afiords the simplest form of Study of the Arabic Language. 
 
 My thanks are due to Professor Flinders Petrie for revising 
 the proofs, and to Sir Alfred Milner, K.O.B., Dr. Andrew 
 Watson, Captain H. C. Priohard, Mr. D. A. Cameron, and others 
 
 for useful suggestions made. 
 
 C. A. THIMM. 
 
 London : March, 1897. 
 
 * Thimm's "Ababio Seli'-Taught " oontainmg words geierally 
 in use, Easy and Necessary CoUpqiiial Phrases and Dialogues, Elemen- 
 tary Grammar and Dictionary, 2/-, cloth 2/6. (B. Marlborough & Co., 
 London,) 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 The Alphabet ... 
 Form of the Ai'Miio Letters 
 Pronunciation 'rl the Arabic Letters 
 Vowels and Orihographical Signs 
 Transcription of the Letters 
 Grammatical Notes 
 Construction of Arabic Sentence 
 
 1. — The World and its Element 
 
 2. — Land and Water 
 
 3. — Minerals and Metals 
 
 4. — Animals, Birds, and Pishes 
 
 5. — Reptiles and Insects 
 
 6. — Fruits, Trees. Flowers, Herbs and Vegetables.. 
 
 7. — The Human Body ... 
 
 8. — Mankind : Relations 
 
 9. — Dress 
 10. — Food and Drink 
 11. — Eating and Cooking Utensils 
 12. — House and Furniture 
 13. — Town and Country ... 
 14. — Professions and Trades 
 15. — Ships and Shipping 
 IG. — Travelling ... 
 17. — Writing ... 
 
 18. — Shooting Implements and Fishing Tackle 
 19. — Time and Seasons ... 
 20. — Countries and Nations 
 21. — Numbers ... 
 22. — Collective Numbers... 
 2.3.— Colours ... 
 24. — Adverbs 
 25. — Adjectives ... 
 26. — Conjunctions 
 27. — Prepositions 
 28. — Pronouns 
 29. — Interrogatives 
 80.— Verbs 
 
 31. — The Government Ministries 
 32.— Military Titles 
 33.— Naval and Military Terms 
 
 Ranks . . 
 34. — Useful and Necessary Expressions ... 
 35. — Simple and Practical Phrases 
 36. — Commercial and Trading Terms 
 37. — Directions to Workmen 
 38. — Religious Words for Missionary Workers 
 39. — Weights and Measures 
 40. — Egyptian Money 
 Turkish Language 
 European and Oriental Languages 
 
 and Administrations 
 
 with useful Words for 
 
EGYPTIAN LANGUAGE (ARABIC). 
 
 PHONETIC TRANSLITERATION. 
 
 1. 
 
 THE ALPHABET. 
 
 The Arabic Alphabet is composed of the 28 following 
 letters , all of which are written, like most Eastern Lan- 
 guages, from the right hand to the left. Each letter 
 assumes a different form according to its position at 
 the beginning, middle or end of the word. 
 
 The following characters are written: — 
 
 1. when totally unconnected with any other letter. 
 
 2. when at the end of a word, or joined only to thb 
 letter preceding. 
 
 3. when connected with the preceding and following 
 letters. 
 
 4. when at the beginning of a word, or joined only to 
 the letter following. 
 
FORM OF LETTEES. 
 
 
 Uncon- 
 nected 
 Characters. 
 
 Joined to letters. 
 
 
 Kame. 
 
 Final con- 
 nected 
 
 precediug 
 only. 
 
 Middle 
 
 connected 
 
 or precediug 
 
 and 
 
 following. 
 
 Initial or 
 
 folio-wing 
 
 only. 
 
 Fronanciation. 
 
 Alif 
 
 1 
 
 L 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 Be or bay 
 
 o 
 
 V_A- 
 
 A 
 
 J 
 
 b 
 
 Te or tay 
 
 i«} 
 
 o>. 
 
 A 
 
 'J 
 
 t 
 
 The or thay 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 5 
 
 th 
 
 Gim 
 
 
 r 
 
 JSX. 
 
 £>' 
 
 J 
 
 Hha or hhe 
 
 Z 
 
 e 
 
 ^v. 
 
 &. 
 
 h 
 
 Kbe 
 
 t 
 
 e 
 
 ia. 
 
 .^ 
 
 kh 
 
 Dal 
 
 
 
 tX 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 Zal 
 
 <> 
 
 4X 
 
 
 
 
 th 
 
 Ee or ray 
 
 ; 
 
 T r 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 Ze, Zen 
 
 ; 
 
 7 r 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 z 
 
 Sin 
 
 U" 
 
 u^ 
 
 AM 
 
 .Ml 
 
 s 
 
 Shin 
 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 sh 
 
 Sad 
 
 OO 
 
 (.N2- 
 
 rfO. 
 
 J^ 
 
 the French f 
 
 Chad 
 
 U^ 
 
 ud 
 
 ^ 
 
 JO 
 
 d 
 

 Uncon- 
 nected 
 
 Joined to letters. 1 
 
 * 
 
 Name. 
 
 Final con- 1 
 nected i 
 preceding 
 only. 
 
 MiddlB 
 
 connected 
 
 or preceding 
 
 and 
 
 following 
 
 Initial or 
 
 following 
 
 only. 
 
 Pronunciation. 
 
 Ttdh 
 
 h 
 
 ia 
 
 k 
 
 io 
 
 tt 
 
 Ddha 
 
 Jb 
 
 ii 
 
 k 
 
 ib 
 
 th 
 
 Eyn, Ain 
 
 £ 
 
 t 
 
 A 
 
 & 
 
 aa 
 
 Ghain 
 
 e 
 
 t 
 
 i. 
 
 £■ 
 
 gh 
 
 Fe 
 
 o 
 
 UA 
 
 A 
 
 a 
 
 f 
 
 Qaf 
 
 O 
 
 (3 
 
 A 
 
 a 
 
 q 
 
 Kaf 
 
 (^ J 
 
 dl 
 
 JC -^ 
 
 s ^ 
 
 k 
 
 Lam 
 
 J 
 
 J^ 
 
 JL 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 Mim 
 
 r 
 
 r 
 
 • 
 
 K 
 
 in 
 
 Nun 
 
 c> 
 
 c)- 
 
 A 
 
 i 
 
 n 
 
 Ha or be 
 
 8 
 
 ■ s. 
 
 4 
 
 » 
 
 h 
 
 Waw 
 
 ^ 
 
 y 
 
 — 
 
 — 
 
 w, u, 
 
 Ye 
 
 i5 
 
 15 
 
 A 
 
 J 
 
 y 
 
 The forms I t> 6 j \ and . are used as connecting letters. 
 From J and I Lam-Alif are formed '^ or y, in connection 3L 
 From j (n) and i». (ch) is formed the ligature -k- 
 Many other ligatures are formed, especially in writing. 
 
PRONUNCIATION OF THE AEABIC LETTEES. 
 
 I Alif, has an aspirated sound, not found in European lan- 
 guages and must chiefly be learned by ear ; but it has 
 the a sound as in father in the middle, and like a 
 long a at the end of words. 
 
 fc_j Be like the English b. 
 
 vij TS like the English t. 
 
 ti) Th like the English th in thought (printed th), in Syria and 
 Egypt, it is pronounced like a soft s. 
 
 _ Gim like j in jam, in Egypt hard like g in garden. 
 
 _ Hha or Hhe is a strong aspirate. 
 
 ^ Kh or Ch is pronounced like the German ch in ich, or like 
 the Scotch word loch. 
 
 O Dal hke the English d. 
 
 O Thai like th in that ; the common people in the East pio- 
 nounee it like z. 
 
 \ Ea or Be like r in rare, 
 
 V ZS, ZSn like z in /;-o««. 
 
 jju Sim like s in Samaria, 
 
 (i SAm like s/i in slieep. 
 
 1^ Sai like a hard hissing s, hiss, 
 
 ^Dhdd like a hard i as in rod, 
 
 Jc Ttha like a hard t, as in toss. 
 
 j>, Ddha like a dental ». 
 
 c Eyn is a guttural, peculiar to the Semitic languages, which 
 can only be learned by ear ; when it begins a syllable it 
 
will be denoted with a spiritus asper before a vowel (') or 
 
 at the close of a vowel. It also sounds like ine bleating 
 
 of a goat=TO-d-«. 
 A Ohine a hard guttural g may be sounded like gh in ghost, 
 
 but is almost a guttural r. 
 O FS like the English /. 
 (J) Qdf like a broad g in Egypt, or a hiatus. 
 bSS" vi) Kaf like a soft k as in kind. 
 J Lam like the English I. 
 ^ Mim like the English m. 
 ^ Nim like the English n. 
 s Ha or H& like h in house; if used as a feminine termination, 
 
 it has two dots over it « forming ligature with t. 
 Waw has the sound of the w in water, and of u (oo). 
 e YS sounds like y in yard. 
 
 VOWELS AND OETHOGEAPHICAL SIGNS. 
 
 The Arabs use three signs to express vowels, which are 
 placed either above or below the consonants, namely : — 
 
 ( S-) fatha — an oblique line over the consonant, represents 
 
 ah or a. 
 (~ ) kasra — an oblique line under the consonant, represents 
 
 e or i, and 
 (_-'- ) Damma, represents o or u. 
 
10 
 
 Th£ other Reading Signs used in Arabic are : — 
 — El Gezm, placed over a letter that has no vowel, 
 ~ el Medd, a sign of tension over the I, or double a. 
 -^ el Wagl, placed over | to denote that it forms one 
 
 syllable with the first consonant, 
 " es Sedd or Teshdid signifies to double a letter, 
 _fL el Hamza, placed over the | where it is a sounded 
 guttural consonant. 
 
 TEANSCRIPTION OF THE LETTEES. 
 
 For the purpose of giving an adequate sound of the Arabic 
 pronunciation for Self-Tuition, it has been found necessary to 
 adopt certain rules of sounding letters, which the student must 
 continually bear in mind. The English letters, particularly the 
 vowels, are exceptional, and do not convey all the soft sounds 
 of oriental pronunciation, but with the assistance of some 
 French and GSrma.n letters a close and more correct transcrip- 
 tion of the sound of Arabic pronunciation may be obtained. 
 
 The following are tlie rides adopted : — 
 
 4 always stands for a pure a as in father, 
 
 9 like the French ss. 
 
 ch hard, similar to the Scotch pronunciation in the word 
 loch. 
 
11 
 
 e for a pure e sound as in met.. 
 
 [Egypt. 
 g for the dsh sound, but is always sounded hard as ^ in get, in 
 
 h is always pronounced as It in horse. 
 
 i for ee, like the French and German i, as in sit — ^1 long ee. 
 
 y to be pronounced like y in yes. 
 
 u like 00 as in sd6n. 
 
 ii must be pronounced like the German w or the French 
 v, infut. 
 
 6 is pronounced like the German o or the French eu in the 
 word feu. 
 
 The other English letters are pronounced purely. 
 
 Note. — Vowels having the mark " placed over them denotes 
 their being pronounced long. An apostrophe (') placed before 
 a vowel indicates that it is pronounced gutturally. 
 
 PHRASE AND CONVERSATION BOOKS IN ENGLISH, FRENCH, 
 GERMAN, RUSSIAN AND TURKISH. 
 
 THIMM (Franz), Traveller's Practical Manual of Conversation 
 
 in three Languages ; English, German and French 1/0 
 
 "THIMM (C, A.), Turkish, Russian, English and French Yocabu- 
 lary and Dialogues for Travellers and others in the East. 
 12mo. Cloth ... .., ... ... ... ... 2/0 
 
 •The only Phrase Book published in England for those languages. Used by 
 Officers passing for the Staff College Examinations in Bussian and Turkish. 
 
 " Useful little works, destined to find theraselves ere long in the hands of all 
 beginnerB."— Brood Arrow. 
 
 London:— E. MARLBOROUGH & Co., Publishers, Old BaUey, E.G. 
 
12 
 
 Grammatical Notes. 
 
 The Arabic language has only one definite article, El, 
 or Al (the) which is prefixed to all nouns, singular 
 and plural, masculine or feminine, there being 
 but two genders. When a noun is qualified by an adjec- 
 tive the article is prefixed to each, as : — 
 
 The large house — albeit al-kehiv. 
 
 There are three numbers : the singular, the dual, and 
 the plural. 
 
 The dual is formed by adding ayn to the singular, as : — 
 
 Book, kitab ; two books — kitah-ayn. 
 
 The termination of the feminines ah is always changed 
 into t or at before ayn, as : — 
 
 Garden, gineinah ; two gardens, ghiein-t-ayn. 
 
 Plurals are either perfect or imperfect. 
 
 The perfect plurals are those ending in, or are formed by 
 adding in to the singular, as : — 
 
 Carpenter, naggar ; carpenters, naggariw. 
 
 The imperfect plurals are not formed by adding in, but 
 are most irregular and various. 
 
 Adjectives follow the nouns they qualify in number and 
 gender and are placed after them as : — 
 
 Sing. Mas. A good rnan, ragil tayyib. 
 
 Dual Mas. Two good men, ragilayn tayyibain. 
 
 Plu. Mas. Good men, rigal tayyibain. 
 
13 
 
 Construction of Arabic Sentences. 
 
 The demonstrative pronouns are prefixed as in Englisli ; 
 ana, enteh, Jmwa ; 1, thou, he ; ehna, entu, horn ma ; 
 we, you, they. 
 
 Huwa rdgil tayyib. 
 
 He (is a) man good. 
 
 The possessive pronouns are suffixes, formed from the 
 same in most eases. 
 
 Bet'a-i, Bet'a-ak, Bet'a-u, 
 
 My property, Thy property, His property, 
 Bet'a-na, Bat'a-kum, Bet'a-hum, 
 
 Our property, Your property. Their property. 
 El bsit betana ahsan min illi beta — hum. 
 The house our property (is) better than their property. 
 (Our house is better than theirs) see pp. 41-42. 
 It may be roughly said that in most verbs there is no 
 distinction made between present and future ; and the past 
 is generally formed with suffix -t. 
 
 The following show the construction of Arabic sentences, 
 with the literal English translation : — 
 
 La, ma warreit-ho-loosh 
 No, not I showed it to him. 
 
 Enta warreito-lo ? 
 
 You shewed (it) to him. 
 
 Baddine ndkul 
 "Wish we, we eat. 
 
 Lazim teruh al beit, u bitgul Ibrahim ehna 'auzin 
 Must you go to the house, and you say Ibrahim we want 
 
 es sofra hadera ba'ad sa'a u nuss. 
 the table ready after hour and half. 
 
 Note. — Vowels having the mark '* placed over them 
 denotes their being pronounced long. An apostrophe (') 
 placed before a vowel indicates that it is pronounced 
 giiUurallxj. 
 
14 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 ABBBBVIATIONS. 
 
 L. — Lower Egypt. 
 mu. Plural. 
 
 U.— Upper Egypt. 
 Imp. Imperative. 
 
 1. The World and its Elements. 
 
 Englisli. 
 
 Arabic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 God 
 
 Allah 
 
 Creator 
 
 khalik 
 
 world 
 
 dunya 
 
 sky 
 sun 
 
 sama, or gow [(u.) 
 shems, sems (l), shemsh 
 
 moon 
 
 star 
 air 
 
 qamar 
 
 nigm, -plu. nigmat 
 
 hawa 
 
 earth 
 
 ard 
 
 water 
 fire 
 
 moyyah 
 nar 
 
 sea 
 
 bahr 
 
 animal 
 
 cattle 
 nature 
 
 hay wan, plu. haywanat 
 plu. bahayim 
 ta-bl-ah 
 
 light 
 
 nur 
 
 dark 
 
 atmah, zalam 
 
 weather 
 
 hawa 
 
 wind 
 storm 
 
 riyeh, pilu. aryah 
 now 
 
 cloud 
 
 ghaim 
 
 rain 
 
 matar 
 
 snow, ice 
 
 teig 
 
 hail 
 thunder 
 
 bard, or galid 
 ra'ad 
 
 li yhtning 
 
 barq 
 
15 
 
 English,, 
 
 Abaeio.— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 fog 
 
 shabtirah 
 
 heat 
 
 hararah 
 
 cold 
 
 bard, or barid 
 
 North 
 
 bahri, shemal 
 
 South 
 
 qibly 
 
 East 
 
 sharq 
 
 West 
 
 gharb 
 
 ■whirlwind 
 
 zobaah 
 
 North-wind 
 
 tiyl,b 
 
 earthquake 
 
 zilzilah, plu. zali,zil 
 
 eclipse of the sun 
 
 kosoof 
 
 eclipse of the moon 
 
 khosoof. 
 
 2. Land and Water. 
 
 Land 
 
 ard 
 
 island 
 
 gezirah, plu. gazayir 
 
 mountain 
 
 gebel, plu. gibal 
 
 valley 
 
 wadi 
 
 river 
 
 bahr, jjZft. buhur 
 
 lake 
 
 birkah, plu. birak 
 
 water 
 
 moyyali ■ 
 
 rock 
 
 9akhrah, plu. ^ukhur 
 
 wave 
 
 mogah, }du. kmv/B,g 
 
 shore 
 
 barr, shati, or sa-hil 
 
 garden 
 
 gineiiiah, plu. ganayi 
 
 reservoir 
 
 khazzan 
 
 mound 
 
 kom, plu. kiman 
 
 the first cataract 
 
 shallala al awwal 
 
 the second cataract 
 
 shallala att^ni 
 
 clay 
 
 tin 
 
 clear water 
 
 moyyah rayqah 
 
 cold water 
 
 moyyah barida 
 
 hot water 
 
 ' moyyah sukhnah. 
 
 3. Min 
 
 erals and Metals. 
 
 Gold 
 
 dahab 
 
 silver 
 
 faddah 
 
 copper 
 
 nahlias ahmar 
 
 brass 
 
 nahhas asfar 
 
 iron 
 
 hadid 
 
16 
 
 English. 
 
 Aba^ic. — Phonetic Pronunc 
 
 tin 
 
 9afieh, tanak 
 
 steel 
 
 solb, or bulad 
 
 lead 
 
 ru-sas 
 
 coal (charcoal stone) 
 
 fahm hagar 
 
 marble 
 
 rokham 
 
 stone 
 
 hagar 
 
 sand 
 
 rami, ramleh 
 
 metal 
 
 maadan, plu. ma-a-din 
 
 charcoal 
 
 fahm hatab; fbeledi 
 
 mineral 
 
 maadani 
 
 amber 
 
 kahraman 
 
 granite 
 
 sawau 
 
 gravel 
 
 haswah 
 
 mercury ) 
 quicksilver J 
 
 zeibak. 
 
 i. Animals, Birds and Fishes. 
 
 Animal 
 
 haywan, j>lu- haywanal 
 
 horse 
 
 ho-san, plu. kheil 
 
 cow 
 
 baqarah 
 
 calf 
 
 igl, plu. agool 
 
 lion 
 
 saba, plu. so-boo-ah 
 
 lioness 
 
 labwah, pilu. labwat 
 
 pig 
 
 khanzir, plu. khanazir 
 
 sheep 
 
 ghanam 
 
 lamb 
 
 kharuf, ^jZm. khirfan 
 
 goat 
 
 mtzah, plu. mS-eez 
 
 dog 
 
 kelb, plu. kelab 
 
 cat 
 
 qottah, plu. qotat 
 
 hare 
 
 arnab, plu. aranib 
 
 wolf 
 
 dib, plu, diyab 
 
 fox 
 
 taalab, plu. taalib 
 
 mouse, rat 
 
 far, plu. firan 
 
 cock 
 
 diik, plu. doyuk 
 
 hen 
 
 farkhah, plu. firakh 
 
 fowl 
 
 teir, plu. tiyur 
 
 chicken 
 
 katkut, plu. kataldt 
 
 goose 
 
 wizzah, _;jZi(., wizz 
 
17 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 duck 
 
 batta, 23hi. batt 
 
 bird 
 
 asfoor, |)Zi(. asafir 
 
 dove 
 
 yamn^mah, ^;Zm. yamam 
 
 eagle 
 
 nisr, plu. nesur 
 
 crow 
 
 ghorab 
 
 turkey 
 
 dik rumi 
 
 pelican 
 
 rakhamah 
 
 birdlime 
 
 dibk 
 
 owl 
 
 booma 
 
 pigeon 
 
 hamamah,pZM. hamdm 
 
 hawk 
 
 sakr 
 
 partridge 
 
 hagal 
 
 iish 
 
 samak 
 
 lobster 
 
 abu-galambo 
 
 cattle 
 
 ma,-washi, bahayim (bovine) 
 
 mule 
 
 baghl, plu. bighal 
 
 camel 
 
 gamal, plu. gimal 
 
 hump of the camel 
 
 , ■sanRiTnet el gamal 
 
 donkey 
 
 homdr, plu. hemir (l) ; gahsh (u) 
 
 dromedary 
 
 hagtn, plu. heg^na 
 
 elephant 
 
 fil, plu. afyal 
 
 horse shoe 
 
 hidwa, plu. hadawi 
 
 hide (of a beast) 
 
 gild 
 
 horn 
 
 qurfi, 2}lu. qorun 
 
 monkey 
 
 nisnas, plu. na-sa-nees. 
 
 5. Reptiles and Insects. 
 
 White ant 
 
 dudah, plu. dud 
 
 ant 
 
 namlah, plu. naml 
 
 fly 
 
 dibbanah, plu. dibban 
 
 bee 
 
 nahlah, plu. nahl 
 
 flea 
 
 barghut, ^jZu. baraghit 
 
 spider 
 
 'einkabut 
 
 crocodile 
 
 timsah plu. tamash 
 
 wasp 
 
 dabbur, plu. dobabir 
 
 mosquito 
 
 n&rausah, plu. namus 
 
 moth 
 
 Ittah 
 
18 
 
 English 
 
 Ababic— Phonetic Pronunciation- 
 
 DUg 
 
 insect 
 
 reptiles 
 
 frog 
 
 bakkah, pZit. bakk 
 hasharah, or waghish 
 dabib, or ha-wam 
 dofdaah, ^)Z!(. dafadih. 
 
 6. Fruit, Trees, Flowers, Herbs and Vegetables. 
 
 Fruits 
 
 fa-wa-kib 
 
 apple 
 
 pear 
 
 plum 
 
 tiffah 
 
 kommitrah 
 
 barkiikah, plu. barkuk 
 
 tree 
 
 shagarah, ^J^h- ashgar, or shagar 
 
 nut 
 walnut 
 
 gozah 
 goz 
 
 grapes 
 lemon 
 
 'einab 
 leimun 
 
 oak 
 
 balKit 
 
 rose 
 
 wardah 
 
 flower 
 
 zahrali, jjIh. zuhiir 
 
 grass 
 
 hashish 
 
 herbs 
 
 negil 
 
 barley 
 cabbage 
 
 shair 
 koronb 
 
 carrots 
 
 gazar 
 
 cauliflower 
 
 karnabeet 
 
 celery 
 
 karafs 
 
 cinnamon 
 
 kirfali 
 
 clove 
 
 koronfil 
 
 corn 
 
 ghallah 
 
 garlic 
 melon 
 
 torn 
 battikh 
 
 yellow melon 
 
 abdel-liiwi 
 
 olives 
 
 zeitun 
 
 onions 
 
 basal. 
 
 7. Th 
 
 e Human Body. 
 
 Body 
 skin 
 heart 
 head 
 
 gasad, or gism 
 gild, j^lu. golud 
 qalb, plu. qolub 
 rils, pin. ru-us 
 
 hair 
 
 shaarah, plu. shaar 
 
19 
 
 Englisli. 
 
 AuABic— Phonetic Prontmciation. 
 
 face 
 
 wish, or weg-h 
 
 forehead 
 
 gibhah 
 
 eye 
 
 ayn ]du. ayun 
 
 nose 
 
 manakheer 
 
 nostrils 
 
 monkhar 
 
 mouth 
 
 hanak, or fomm 
 
 tongue 
 
 lissan 
 
 ear 
 
 widn, pin. andan 
 
 neck 
 
 rakabah, ^(Zu. rikab 
 
 back 
 
 dahr 
 
 belly 
 
 batn 
 
 stomach 
 
 m'eida [seeqan 
 
 shin 
 
 qa^abat er rigl, or saq, plu. 
 
 foot 
 
 rigl, or kadam 
 
 arm 
 
 dira'h 
 
 hand 
 
 yed 
 
 finger 
 
 sobaa, plu. sa-wabih 
 
 finger-nail 
 
 dofr, plu. adafir 
 
 thumb 
 
 bahim 
 
 eye-lid 
 
 gifn, idii. gifun 
 
 eye-brow 
 
 hagib, 23lu. ha-wagib 
 
 €ye-lash 
 
 rimsh, j^lu. rimiish 
 
 tooth 
 
 sinn, plu. assnan 
 
 molar 
 
 ders, jilu. adras 
 
 beard 
 
 dakn 
 
 elbow 
 
 kooa', j:)Zu. akwa' 
 
 ^ blood 
 
 dam 
 
 lungs 
 
 fishshah 
 
 blindness 
 
 'ama 
 
 dumb 
 
 akhras 
 
 deaf 
 
 atrash 
 
 dead 
 
 mayyit 
 
 alive 
 
 ayish ; hhai 
 
 naked 
 
 aryan 
 
 bowels 
 
 ma-sarin 
 
 navel 
 
 sorrah 
 
 right-hand 
 
 yemin 
 
 left-hand 
 
 shemal 
 
 hand (palm of the) 
 
 kaff 
 
 breath 
 
 nafas 
 
 drum of the ear 
 
 somakh al widn. 
 
 c 2 
 
20 
 
 English. 
 
 Ababic— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 8. Mankind ; Relations. 
 
 Man 
 
 woman 
 
 husband 
 
 wife 
 
 boy 
 
 girl 
 
 child 
 
 parents 
 
 father 
 
 mother 
 
 daughter 
 
 brother 
 
 sister 
 
 female 
 
 male 
 
 maid (virgin) 
 
 widow 
 
 widower 
 
 bride 
 
 bridegroom 
 
 fatherless 
 
 relation 
 
 relative 
 
 (Jliristian 
 
 grand-child 
 
 grand-father 
 
 grand-mother 
 
 negro 
 
 negress 
 
 nephew 
 
 niece 
 
 ragil ; plu. rigal, nas 
 
 marah, 2^1"- niss-wan 
 
 zog 
 
 zogah, or marah 
 
 weled, plu. awlad 
 
 bint, plu. benat 
 
 walad, jilu. aulad 
 
 waliden 
 
 abii 
 
 omm, plu. ommahat 
 
 ibn, or walad ; plu. abna, or 
 
 aoolad_ 
 bint 
 
 akhu, plu. ikhwat 
 okht, j)ln. akhawat 
 nita-yah 
 dakar, or zakar ; plu. dokur, or 
 
 zokiir 
 bint bikr, plu. banat bokkar 
 azbah, or armalah 
 azib 
 
 arii-sah, plu. ara-yis 
 aris, 7)Z(t. irsan 
 yateem 
 qa-ra-bah 
 qarib 
 
 ma-sihi, or nusrani 
 ibn al ibn, or ibn al bint ; hafeed 
 gidd 
 giddah 
 
 abd, plu. abeed 
 garyah, pilu. guwar 
 ibn al akh, or ibn al okht 
 bint al akh, or bint al okht. 
 
21 
 
 English. 
 
 Ababic. — ^Phonetic Promiiiciation. 
 
 9. Dress. 
 
 Coat 
 
 sitrah 
 
 cloak 
 
 burnus 
 
 shirt 
 
 qamis, plu. qumsdn 
 
 waistcoat 
 
 sudeireh 
 
 pocket 
 
 geib, plu. go-yub 
 
 button 
 
 zirr, plu. ezrdr 
 
 stockings 
 
 shorabat, or gorabat 
 
 boots 
 
 gazmah 
 
 shoe 
 
 markub, or gazmah, ))^tt,. mara 
 
 
 kib, or gizam 
 
 hat 
 
 borneitah, plu. baranifc 
 
 handkerchief 
 
 mandeel, plu. manadil 
 
 watch 
 
 sa'-a, or sa-at geib 
 
 purse 
 
 kiss, plu. aky&ss 
 
 brush 
 
 furshah, plu. forash 
 
 comb 
 
 misht, plu. amshat • 
 
 gloves 
 
 guanti, kufuf 
 
 soap 
 
 SEibun ; 
 
 ring 
 
 khatim; plu. kha-wa-tim 
 
 shawl 
 
 shal, plu. sheelan 
 
 a pair of stockings 
 
 goz gorBjbat 
 
 spectacles 
 
 nadarfi/h 
 
 necktie 
 
 kirawata 
 
 scissors 
 
 maqd,s ■ 
 
 slippers 
 
 babush' 
 
 ■cloth 
 
 giikh 
 
 ■collar 
 
 yakali, plu. yakat 
 
 cotton 
 
 qotn 
 
 lace 
 
 tonteilah 
 
 needle 
 
 ibrah, plu. obar 
 
 drawers 
 
 libas 
 
 pin 
 
 dabbiis 
 
 thread 
 
 kliait 
 
 umbrella 
 
 shemsiyah. 
 
English. 
 
 22 
 
 I Ababic— Phonetic Prontmoiation. 
 
 10. Food and Drink. 
 
 Meat 
 
 lahm 
 
 breakfast 
 
 futur 
 
 lunch 
 
 ghada 
 
 supper, dinner 
 
 'esha 
 
 soup 
 
 shorbah 
 
 boiled meat 
 
 lahm masliik 
 
 fish 
 
 samak 
 
 beef 
 
 lahm baqari 
 
 mutton 
 
 lahm ddni 
 
 pork 
 
 lahm khanzir 
 
 jeans 
 
 ful 
 
 boiled eggs 
 
 bed masluk 
 
 fried eggs (baked) 
 
 bed makli 
 
 egg 
 
 bedah, plu. bed 
 
 omelet 
 
 iggat bed 
 
 cheese 
 
 gibnah 
 
 bread 
 
 'aish 
 
 salt 
 
 irelh 
 
 pepper 
 
 filfil 
 
 mustard 
 
 khardal 
 
 vinegar 
 
 khall 
 
 salad 
 
 salata 
 
 milk 
 
 leben 
 
 cream 
 
 kishtah 
 
 sugar 
 
 sukkar 
 
 tea 
 
 sha-i 
 
 coffee 
 
 qahwa 
 
 water 
 
 moyyah 
 
 wine 
 
 nebeed 
 
 bottle 
 
 qizazah, jjIu. qaza-yiz 
 
 glass 
 
 kubbaya 
 
 fresh bread 
 
 esh taze 
 
 sauce 
 
 salsa 
 
 sausage 
 
 sogokk 
 
 food 
 
 akl 
 
 drink (to) 
 
 shereb, imperative ishrab 
 
 vegetables 
 
 khodar 
 
23 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic. — Phonetic Pronuii elation. 
 
 olives 
 
 zeytun 
 
 onions 
 
 bassal 
 
 cake 
 
 fetir, or kahk 
 
 celery 
 
 karafs 
 
 cauliflower 
 
 karnabeet 
 
 parsley 
 
 baqdonos 
 
 cabbage 
 
 koronb 
 
 rice 
 
 ruz 
 
 bran 
 
 nokhalah 
 
 a mouthful 
 
 loqmah 
 
 broth 
 
 marakah 
 
 chicken 
 
 katkoot, x>l<-i- katakeet 
 
 cream 
 
 kishtah 
 
 flour 
 
 deqiq 
 
 a glass of wine 
 
 kubbdya nebld 
 
 a glass of water 
 
 kubbdya moyyah 
 
 lemonade 
 
 limonada. 
 
 11. Eating and Cooking Utensils. 
 
 Table cloth 
 
 ghata es soffrah 
 
 table napkin 
 
 foota es soffrah 
 
 plate 
 
 sahn, or tabak 
 
 dish 
 
 sahn 
 
 knife 
 
 sikkeen, plu. sakakin 
 
 fork 
 
 shokah 
 
 spoon 
 
 ma'alaqah 
 
 cup 
 
 fingan, phi. fanagin 
 
 salt-cellar 
 
 mallahah 
 
 tea-pot 
 
 ibrik shai 
 
 frying-pan 
 
 miklayah 
 
 kettle 
 
 gliallayah, ghallayat 
 
 corkscrew 
 
 barimak 
 
 hoe 
 
 fas (l) ; turiyeh (u.) 
 
 shovel 
 
 kuraik 
 
 stove 
 
 kaniin 
 
 tray 
 
 tisht 
 
 oven 
 
 forn 
 
 filter 
 
 mi.=ifayeh 
 
 hatchet 
 
 bulla. 
 
 ibrik 
 
24 
 
 English. 
 
 I Akabic— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 12. House and Furniture. 
 
 'The house 
 
 el bet 
 
 room 
 
 odah, 2-)lu. owad 
 
 bed 
 
 farshah 
 
 bedstead 
 
 serir 
 
 pillow 
 
 makhaddah, pZit. makhaddat 
 
 blanket 
 
 bataniya 
 
 sheet 
 
 milayah, plu. milayat 
 
 door 
 
 bab plu. abwab 
 
 window 
 
 shibbak, j)lu- shebabik 
 
 bell 
 
 garas 
 
 wall 
 
 heitah, plu. hey tan 
 
 roof 
 
 satt-h 
 
 floor 
 
 ardiyah 
 
 ohair 
 
 kursi, plu. karasi 
 
 sofa 
 
 diwan 
 
 carpet 
 
 ..saggada, plu. saggadat 
 
 table 
 
 soft'rah, or tarabeizah 
 
 broom 
 
 fursheh 
 
 looking-glass 
 
 mi-ra-yah, plu. mirayat 
 
 mattress 
 
 mertabeh 
 
 quilt 
 
 lihaf 
 
 tireplaoe, chimney 
 
 madkbanah 
 
 jug or pot 
 
 kriz 
 
 pail 
 
 sutl 
 
 towel 
 
 futah, or bashkir ; plu. fuwa 
 
 
 or bashakir 
 
 basin 
 
 tisht 
 
 bath (warm) 
 
 hammam 
 
 basket 
 
 mishannah, muktaf, alaq 
 
 candlestick 
 
 shamadan 
 
 candle 
 
 shamah, plu. shomooa' 
 
 lock 
 
 kuflah, o;-keilun 
 
 key 
 
 muftahj plu. mafatih 
 
 furniture 
 
 mobihat 
 
 stable 
 
 isstabl 
 
 matches 
 
 kabrit 
 
 mat 
 
 hiisirah. plu. hosr 
 
25 
 
 English, 
 
 AnABic — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 bottle 
 
 kizazah, pZw. kaza-yiz 
 
 landlord 
 
 muaggir, sahib el-beit 
 
 tenant (or merchant) 
 
 tagir 
 
 lease, rental (or 
 
 ugra 
 
 wages) 
 
 
 bricks 
 
 tub 
 
 house (a) to be let 
 
 bet lil igar 
 
 water closet 
 
 mustarah 
 
 kitchen 
 
 matbakh. 
 
 13. Town and Country. 
 
 City, or town (large) 
 
 medineh, jjZw. madain 
 
 country (native) 
 
 baled 
 
 village 
 
 beled 
 
 street 
 
 sikkah, ]-)la. sikek 
 
 square 
 
 meidAn 
 
 market 
 
 stik, j:>Ztt. as-wak 
 
 palace 
 
 sa-ra-yah, or qsic^t; plu. sata 
 
 
 yat, or qu9iir 
 
 church 
 
 kenee-sah, x)lu. kanayis 
 
 tower 
 
 borg, Yila. abr^g 
 
 post 
 
 bosta 
 
 post-office 
 
 bosta, or mahall al bosta 
 
 police-office 
 
 zabtiyeh 
 
 hospital 
 
 isbitalia 
 
 exchange 
 
 borsa 
 
 bridge 
 
 qantara, ^J^ii. qanatir 
 
 custom-house 
 
 gumruk 
 
 prison 
 
 habs 
 
 shop 
 
 dokkan, jdu. dakakin 
 
 hotel 
 
 locanda 
 
 castle, fortress 
 
 qal'a 
 
 corner 
 
 rukn, jilu. arkan 
 
 foot pavement 
 
 balat 
 
 railway 
 
 sikkah hadid 
 
 field 
 
 ghait, jihi. ghitdn 
 
 forest 
 
 ghabah, pin. ghabat 
 
 cross-road 
 
 arba' mafariq 
 
26 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic. — Phonetic Pronunciation 
 
 farm 
 
 fence-wall 
 
 gate 
 
 path 
 
 grass 
 
 abadiyah 
 
 stir [bawwabat 
 
 bab, or baw-wd-ba, ^jZm. 
 
 tarik 
 
 hashish 
 
 mound 
 
 kom, 2}lu. kiman 
 
 pyramid 
 
 desert 
 
 road 
 
 Laram, yZw. ahram 
 gebel, khala 
 tarik, darb, sikkeh 
 
 •where does this road 
 lead to ? 
 
 as sikkah deh tawadina fen ? 
 
 li. Professions and Trades. 
 
 Profession 
 ambassador 
 professor, teacher 
 scholar (pupil) 
 doctor 
 
 medicine 
 chemist 
 policeman 
 police 
 postmaster 
 postman 
 
 guard, station agent ) 
 or master J 
 
 store-keeper 
 merchant 
 merchandise 
 clerk 
 
 bookseller 
 bookbinder 
 shoemaker 
 tailor 
 
 blacksmith 
 barber 
 watchmaker 
 jeweller 
 oculist 
 
 kar, or sinaah 
 
 elchi (Turkish) 
 
 mo-allim 
 
 talmeez, plu. talamzah 
 
 'alem, ^jZit. 'ulama ; or hakim, 
 
 2}lu. hukama, doktor 
 dawa 
 kimawi 
 askari 
 
 bolys, zabtieh 
 wakil el bosta 
 bostagy, sa'y bosta 
 wakeel, or rayyis mahattah 
 
 makhzangy 
 
 tagir, pht. togar 
 
 huda'ah 
 
 katib 
 
 kutbi, plu. kutbiya 
 
 mogallid kutub 
 
 gizamfi,ti, or saramati 
 
 khayyat, plu. khayyatin 
 
 haddad 
 
 mozeyyin, hallak 
 
 sa-'a-ti 
 
 gawaghirgi 
 
 hakim oyiin, kahhiil 
 
27 
 
 English. 
 
 Aeabic— Phonetic Prouunolation. 
 
 laundress 
 
 ghassAlah 
 
 farmer 
 
 mouzari'a, plu. mouzar-een 
 
 porter (carrier) 
 
 sheyydl, hammal 
 
 lawyer 
 
 avocato 
 
 midwife 
 
 ddya 
 
 servant 
 
 khaddam, jjIu. khaddAmin 
 
 grocer 
 
 bakkal 
 
 groom 
 
 sayis, plu. siyas 
 
 sailor 
 
 bahri, mardkbi 
 
 gentleman 
 
 khawagah 
 
 lady 
 
 sitt, phi. sittat 
 
 guide 
 
 dalil 
 
 interpreter 
 
 motargim, plu. mortargimin 
 
 dragoman 
 
 terguman 
 
 coachman 
 
 arbagi 
 
 carpenter 
 
 naggar, ^iZit. naggarln 
 
 watcliman 
 
 ghafir, jilii- ghofara 
 
 fish-monger 
 
 sammak, plu. sammakin 
 
 cutler 
 
 sakakini 
 
 slave 
 
 'abd 
 
 plaintiff ' 
 
 mudday 
 
 defendant 
 
 mudda 'a 'aleh 
 
 appellant 
 
 mustauif 
 
 auctioneer 
 
 dallal 
 
 baker 
 
 khabbaz, farran 
 
 engineer 
 
 mohandis, 2'>l'u. mohandisin 
 
 engraver 
 
 hakkak, or nakkash 
 
 gardener 
 
 ganayni 
 
 gilder 
 
 talla 
 
 goldsmith 
 
 sa-igh 
 
 ■ missionary 
 
 niorsal, ^Zit. morsaleen 
 
 nun 
 
 rahbah, plu. rahbat 
 
 nurse 
 
 dadah, plu. dadat 
 
 surgeon 
 
 garrahh 
 
 Beduin chief 
 
 shekh ei-'orban. 
 
 15. Ships and Shipping. 
 
 Steamer babiir, wabur 
 
 ship merkeb, plu. mardkib 
 
 boat sandal, j^lu. sanadil, or filuka 
 
 mast sari, plu. sa-wari 
 
28 
 
 English. 
 
 AnABic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 rudder 
 
 daffat al markab 
 
 sail 
 
 qil'a, plu, qolu'a 
 
 oar 
 
 moqdaf, plu maqadif 
 
 flag 
 
 bandeireh 
 
 anchor 
 
 mersa 
 
 sailor 
 
 marakbi 
 
 drowned 
 
 gharaq 
 
 map 
 
 khartah 
 
 boatman 
 
 marakbi 
 
 fisherman 
 
 sayyad, plu. sayyadin 
 
 afloat 
 
 ayim 
 
 swimming 
 
 6m 
 
 cargo 
 
 wasqat ; hamoola 
 
 steersman 
 
 domangy 
 
 cable 
 
 ghomana, habl 
 
 fleet (of ships) 
 
 dunanma, j)lu. dunanmat 
 
 compass 
 
 ibrat 
 
 engineer (of the 
 
 usta el waboor 
 
 steamer) 
 
 
 yacht 
 
 yaht 
 
 float of paddle-wheel 
 
 maqdaf tara 
 
 dockyard 
 
 tarsana 
 
 Nile-barge i 
 Nile house-boat J 
 
 dahabiyeh 
 qanga 
 
 broker 
 
 siamar, plu. samasrah 
 
 brokerage 
 
 samsarah 
 
 pilot 
 
 kaldoz 
 
 yard 
 
 tuschana. 
 
 16. TraveUing. 
 
 Voyage ) 
 journey J 
 railway-station 
 steamboat 
 
 safar 
 
 mahatta 
 wabiir 
 
 captain 
 
 sailor 
 
 custom-house 
 
 kabtan, reis 
 marakbi, or bahri 
 gumruk 
 
 key 
 arrival 
 
 muftah, plu. mafatih 
 wusool 
 
29 
 
 English. 
 
 Aeabic. — Phonetic Pronunciation, 
 
 railway 
 
 train 
 
 luggage 
 
 bag 
 
 interpieter 
 
 return ticket 
 
 bill 
 
 receipt 
 
 office 
 
 railway-shunting 
 coachman 
 pillow 
 whip 
 caravan 
 
 saddle (for a donkey) 
 saddle (for a horse) 
 strap 
 
 passenger-train 
 goods-train 
 traveller 
 travel (to) 
 carriage 
 medicine 
 money 
 Pound (£1.) 
 Napoleon (20fr. piece) 
 Pound (Egyptian) 
 Pound (Turkish) 
 When does the train 
 leave ? 
 
 sikkah hadid 
 
 qattr 
 
 afsh 
 
 ids, ^jZm. aky^s 
 
 terguman, or motargim, jjZm. 
 
 motargimin 
 tazkara raih u gai 
 hesab 
 wasl, or sanad ; plic. wosulat, 
 
 or sanaddt 
 diw^n 
 
 siryt mahzan 
 arbagi 
 
 makhaddeb, jjZm. makhuddat 
 teelah, or korbag 
 kaflah 
 
 bardaah, plu. baradih 
 sarg, plu. sorug 
 seir 
 
 qatr rukkab 
 qatr el buda'a 
 mo-safir, plu. mo-safrin 
 safar, or safir 
 arabiyah, plu. arabiyat 
 dawa, pill, ad-wi-yah 
 foloos 
 
 gine ingilizi 
 bintu 
 
 gine masry 
 gine magydy 
 el qatr yisafir emta ? 
 
 Paper 
 
 blotting paper 
 sheet (of paper) 
 quire (ditto) 
 pen 
 ink 
 
 17. Writing. 
 
 waraq 
 
 waraq nashshd;f 
 
 farkh waraq 
 
 faridat warak 
 
 qalem, plu. aqlam 
 
 hebr 
 
30 
 
 English. 
 
 Akabic— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 inkstand 
 
 dawayah 
 
 penknife 
 
 matwah, phi. matawi 
 
 pencil 
 
 kalam rusas 
 
 sealing-wax (red) 
 
 shama'ahmar 
 
 letter 
 
 gawab, or makttib ; pin. ga- 
 
 
 wabat, 07- makatib 
 
 date 
 
 ' tarikh 
 
 signature 
 
 imda 
 
 post-stamp 
 
 warak damghah 
 
 manuscript 
 
 noskhah, or kitab khatt 
 
 write (to) (copy) 
 
 katab, imp. iktib 
 
 writing (s) 
 
 kitabah 
 
 written 
 
 maktub 
 
 book 
 
 kitab, plu. kutub 
 
 index (of a book) 
 
 falirasah 
 
 seal (to) 
 
 khatam, ivjp. ikhtim 
 
 sign the letter 
 
 imdi al gawab 
 
 post 
 
 b6sta 
 
 post-office 
 
 bosta, diwan al bosta 
 
 postmaster 
 
 wakil el bosta 
 
 he registered the 
 
 ' 
 
 letter (at the post- 
 office) 
 envelope 
 
 ■ htiwa saggar el gawab 
 
 zarf 
 
 dictionary 
 
 qamus 
 
 when does the post 
 
 aymta tisafir al bostah ? 
 
 leave ? 
 
 
 18. Shooting Implements and Fishing Tackle 
 
 Knife 
 
 sikkin^jZi*. sakakin 
 
 pocket-knife 
 
 matwah, plu. matawi 
 
 hammer 
 
 qadum , or shakush 
 
 file 
 
 mabrad, ^jZh. mabarid 
 
 nail 
 
 mismar, ^jZu. masamir 
 
 nail (to) 
 
 sammar, imp. sammar 
 
 axe 
 
 fas, ]}lu. foos 
 
 saw 
 
 minshar, jdu. manashir 
 
 grindstone 
 
 misann 
 
 gun 
 
 bundukiyeh 
 
 gunpowder 
 
 bilrud 
 
31 
 
 English. 
 
 Akabic— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 shot (a shot fired) 
 
 darbah, or talkah 
 
 net 
 
 shabakah, plu. shibak, or 
 
 
 shabakat 
 
 fish-hook 
 
 sinnarah 
 
 basket 
 
 mishannah 
 
 box 
 
 sanduk, plu. sanddik 
 
 shooting 
 
 darb al Mrud 
 
 sport 
 
 seid 
 
 at one shot 
 
 bidarbah, or binishan wahid 
 
 padlock 
 
 kafl, p^M. akMl 
 
 tobacco-pipe 
 
 shibok, plu. shobokat 
 
 pistol 
 
 tabangah, p)lu. tabangat ; ferd. 
 
 19. Time and Seasons. 
 
 Year 
 
 
 sanah, ^fe. senin 
 
 month 
 
 
 shahr, plu. ushbur 
 
 ■week 
 
 
 gam'a, plu. gom'a 
 
 two weeks 
 
 
 gumaatain 
 
 day- 
 
 
 yom, plu. ayyam 
 
 hour 
 
 
 sa'a, ^jZm. sa-at 
 
 half-an-hour 
 
 nuss saah 
 
 minute 
 
 
 deqiqah, pZw. daqayiq 
 
 season 
 
 
 fasl, or a-wan, 2'lu. fosool 
 
 Spring 
 
 
 rabia' 
 
 Summer 
 
 
 sef 
 
 Autumn 
 
 
 kharif 
 
 Winter 
 
 
 shita 
 
 the months 
 
 of the year 
 
 shohoor es sanah 
 
 Lunar months 
 
 shohoor 'arabiya 
 
 Coptic months 
 
 shohoor qibtiya 
 
 time 
 
 
 wakij 
 
 to-morrow 
 
 morning 
 
 bukrah fil subh 
 
 how many 
 
 weeks ■? 
 
 kamguma'a? 
 
 day-time 
 
 
 nabar 
 
 mid -day 
 
 
 ed duhr 
 
 every day 
 
 
 koll yom 
 
 after to-morrow 
 
 b'ad bukra 
 
 to-day 
 
 
 en-nahar-deh 
 
 to-morrow 
 
 
 buljra 
 
32 
 
 English. 
 
 Ababic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 January* 
 
 yenair 
 
 February 
 
 febr^ir 
 
 March 
 
 marss 
 
 April 
 
 abril 
 
 May 
 
 mayeh 
 
 June 
 
 yunia 
 
 July 
 
 yulia 
 
 August 
 
 aghostos 
 
 September 
 
 sebtember 
 
 October 
 
 oktober 
 
 November 
 
 nofember 
 
 December 
 
 dezember 
 
 Sunday 
 
 yom el had 
 
 Monday 
 
 yom el etnen 
 
 Tuesday 
 
 yom et telat 
 
 Wednesday 
 
 yom el arba' 
 
 Thursday 
 
 yom el khamis 
 
 Friday 
 
 yom el guma 
 
 Saturday, or Sabbath 
 
 yom es sabt 
 
 birthday 
 
 mowlid 
 
 holiday 
 
 batalah, eed, fantasiyeh 
 
 Christmas 
 
 'ayd al meeMd 
 
 Easter 
 
 'ayd al kiyamah 
 
 dawn 
 
 fagr 
 
 morning [ing 
 
 subh, or sabah 
 
 early in the morn- 
 
 bedri fil subh 
 
 evening 
 
 maghrib 
 
 this evening 
 
 el lelah deh 
 
 in the evening 
 
 fil maghrib 
 
 noon 
 
 duhr 
 
 forenoon 
 
 daha 
 
 afternoon 
 
 al asr, or b'ad ed duhr 
 
 night 
 
 lei, flu. la-yal 
 
 midnight 
 
 nuss al-lel 
 
 yesterday 
 
 embareh 
 
 yesterday morning 
 
 embareh fil subh 
 
 yesterday evening 
 
 embdreh al maghrib 
 
 the day before yester- 
 
 awwel embareh 
 
 day 
 
 
 * The Egyptians formerly employed the Coptic (ancient Egyptian) names 
 of the solar m^onths. The European names, as given above, are in general 
 use now, concurrently with the Coptic, which are retained for agricultural 
 piu'posea. 
 
83 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic. — ^Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 three days ago 
 
 awwel awwel embareh 
 
 daily. 
 
 yomi 
 
 last year 
 
 es-seneh illi fAtet 
 
 year before last 
 
 qabl senetein 
 
 twenty years old (son 
 
 ibn 'isbryn sanah 
 
 of twenty years) 
 
 
 day time 
 
 nahdr 
 
 full moon 
 
 badr 
 
 Leap-year 
 
 sanah kabts. 
 
 20. Countries and Nations. 
 
 Country 
 
 nation 
 
 native country 
 
 state 
 
 Europe 
 
 European 
 
 England 
 
 English 
 
 American 
 
 Arabia 
 
 Arabian 
 
 Arabs (nomads) 
 
 Beduin 
 
 Syria 
 
 France 
 
 French 
 
 Eussia 
 
 Russian 
 
 China 
 
 Greek 
 
 Greek 
 
 Greece 
 
 Turkey 
 
 Turkish [Khedive 
 
 His Highness the 
 
 His Highness (Our 
 
 Egypt [Lord) 
 
 Egyptian 
 
 beled, pZu. bilad 
 
 ommah 
 
 wataii 
 
 mamlakah, yZw. ma-malik 
 
 aurobba 
 
 aurobbi, or frangi 
 
 bilad el-ingiliz 
 
 ingilizi 
 
 amerikani 
 
 Hegd,z 
 
 'arabi 
 
 'arab 
 
 bedawi, flu. bedwan, 'arab, 
 
 'orban 
 esh-sham 
 fransa 
 fransawi 
 bilad el moskof 
 mosk6wi 
 bilad es sin 
 roomi 
 yunani 
 
 bilad er room, or yondn 
 bilad et turk 
 turki 
 
 El Khedewi 
 Effendina 
 bilad ma9r 
 ma9ri 
 
34 
 
 English. 
 
 Ababic. — Phonetic Pronunciation, 
 
 Lower Egypt 
 
 beheirah 
 
 
 Upper Egypt 
 
 es-ssayeed 
 
 
 Persia 
 
 bilAd al agam 
 
 
 Persian 
 
 agami 
 
 
 Cairo 
 
 masr mahroosa 
 
 
 Old Cairo 
 
 masr 'atyqa 
 
 
 The districts of Cairo 
 
 atman masr 
 
 
 Constantinople 
 
 istambul 
 
 
 Alexandria 
 
 iskendirieh 
 
 
 Suez Canal 
 
 el kanal 
 
 
 Suez 
 
 es sues 
 
 
 Ismailieh 
 
 el isma'ylieh 
 
 
 Arishe 
 
 el 'arysh 
 
 
 Kosseir 
 
 el quser 
 
 
 Damietta 
 
 dumyat 
 
 
 Eosetta 
 
 rdshyd 
 
 
 Suakin 
 
 sawakin 
 
 
 The Nile (Eiver) 
 
 en nyl 
 
 
 Foreigner 
 
 egnebi, ghareeb, plu. 
 khawaga. 
 
 ghoraba ; 
 
 21. 
 
 Numbers. 
 
 
 Numbers 
 
 a'dM 
 
 
 one 
 
 wahed 
 
 
 two 
 
 etnen 
 
 
 three 
 
 talata 
 
 
 four 
 
 arba'a 
 
 
 five 
 
 khamseh 
 
 
 six 
 
 sitteh 
 
 
 seven 
 
 sab 'a 
 
 
 eight 
 
 temanyeh 
 
 
 nine 
 
 tis'a 
 
 
 ten 
 
 'ashara 
 
 
 eleven 
 
 hada'sher 
 
 
 twelve 
 
 etnasher 
 
 
 thirteen 
 
 talattasher 
 
 
 fourteen 
 
 arba'tasher 
 
 
 fifteen 
 
 khamsatasher 
 
 
 sixteen 
 
 sittasher 
 
 
 seventeen 
 
 saba'tasher 
 
 
35 
 
 English. 
 
 eighteen 
 
 nineteen 
 
 twenty 
 
 twenty-one 
 
 twenty-two 
 
 thirty 
 
 forty 
 
 fifty 
 
 sixty 
 
 seventy 
 
 eighty 
 
 ninety 
 
 a hundred 
 
 101 
 
 110 
 
 200 
 
 300 
 
 400 
 
 ,500 
 
 600 
 
 700 
 
 800 
 
 900 
 
 987 
 
 a thousand 
 
 1,015 
 
 2,000 
 
 10,000 
 
 30,000 
 
 100,000 
 
 a million 
 
 22. 
 
 Pair 
 
 dozen, packet 
 
 once 
 
 twice 
 
 single 
 
 double 
 
 first 
 
 second 
 
 Ajiabio. — Phonetic Prominciation. 
 
 temantasher 
 
 tis'atasher 
 
 'ishrin 
 
 wahed we'ishrln 
 
 itoen we'ishrin 
 
 teMtin 
 
 arba'ln 
 
 khamsin 
 
 sittin 
 
 sab 'in 
 
 temtoin 
 
 tis'in [mit 
 
 miyeh ; sometimes before a vowel, 
 
 miyeh we wahed 
 
 miyeh we 'ashara 
 
 miten - 
 
 tultemlyeh 
 
 rub'amiyeh 
 
 khumsemiyeh 
 
 sittemiyeh 
 
 sub'amiyeh 
 
 tumnemiyeh 
 
 tis'amiyeh 
 
 tis'amiyeh sab'a wa telatin 
 
 alf 
 
 alf we khamsatasher 
 
 alfen 
 
 'asharat alaf 
 
 telatin alaf 
 
 mit alf 
 
 mil'yun. 
 
 Collective Numbers, etc. 
 
 goz, ^jZtt. agwaz 
 
 dastah 
 
 marra wahideh, noba wahida 
 
 marraten 
 
 fard, or wahed 
 
 migwiz 
 
 aw-wal 
 
 tani 
 
 D 2 
 
36 
 
 English. 
 
 Ababic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 thrice 
 
 telat marrat 
 
 four times 
 
 arba' marrat 
 
 five times 
 
 khams (khamas) marrat 
 
 a half 
 
 nuss, nusf 
 
 a third 
 
 tult 
 
 a fourth 
 
 rub 'a 
 
 three-fourths 
 
 nuss u rub'a 
 
 a fifth 
 
 khums 
 
 an eighth 
 
 tumn. 
 
 23. Colours. 
 
 White 
 
 m. abyad, /. baida 
 
 black 
 
 m. iswud, /. soda 
 
 brown 
 
 TO. asmar, /. samreh 
 
 blue 
 
 m. azraq, /. zerqeli 
 
 sky colour 
 
 samawy 
 
 red 
 
 m. ahmar, /. hamra 
 
 green 
 
 S2. akhdar, /. khadreh 
 
 greenish 
 
 khadrawi, or yiddi al khadar 
 
 yellow 
 
 TO. asfar,/. safreh 
 
 deep yellow 
 
 asfar ghamik 
 
 yellowish 
 
 missfirr 
 
 to make yellow 
 
 ssaffar 
 
 violet 
 
 m. banafsig 
 
 indigo 
 
 in. nilah. 
 
 2i. 
 
 AdYerbs, &c. 
 
 Above, upstairs 
 
 fok 
 
 after 
 
 ba'd 
 
 afterwards, then 
 
 badayn 
 
 always 
 
 dalman, tamalli 
 
 at first 
 
 awwalan 
 
 because 
 
 ala shan, lian 
 
 before 
 
 koddam 
 
 behind 
 
 wara 
 
 by force 
 
 bil ghassb, bil gabr 
 
 down 
 
 taht 
 
 easily 
 
 birrahah, bi-sohoola 
 
 enough 
 
 kifayah, bess, bess zi^deh 
 
 entirely 
 
 bilkolliyah 
 
 falsely 
 
 bizzoor 
 
37 
 
 English. 
 
 Ahabio.— Phonetic Prounnciation. 
 
 far off 
 
 ba'-eed 
 
 first 
 
 aw-wal 
 
 here 
 
 hena 
 
 home, house 
 
 bait, belt 
 
 in, there is 
 
 fi 
 
 inside 
 
 guw4 
 
 instead of 
 
 badal, gheyr 
 
 justly- 
 
 bil hhakk 
 
 last 
 
 akhir 
 
 lastly, at last 
 
 akhiran 
 
 late 
 
 wakhri, mot-dkhar 
 
 long 
 
 taweel 
 
 near, close, side 
 
 ganb 
 
 never 
 
 abadan 
 
 no 
 
 la 
 
 not yet, still 
 
 lissa 
 
 not-at-all 
 
 mottlakan 
 
 now 
 
 delwakt 
 
 often, many times 
 
 miraran, noba ketir ^ 
 
 only, enough 
 
 bess 
 
 out } 
 outside J 
 
 barra 
 
 particularly 
 
 kho-susan 
 
 perhaps 
 
 yomkin 
 
 quickly, soon, im- 
 
 halan 
 
 mediately 
 
 
 quickly 
 
 bil agal, or qawam 
 
 seldom 
 
 fil nadir 
 
 slowly 
 
 bishoweish, ala mahl, sho- 
 
 so 
 
 keda [wayyah 
 
 sometimes 
 
 ba' dd al ahhyan 
 
 soon 
 
 bad shwai 
 
 still 
 
 barduh, or lissa 
 
 there 
 
 henak 
 
 this 
 
 deh, da, di 
 
 to-day 
 
 en-nahar-deh 
 
 to-morrow 
 
 bukra 
 
 to whom ? 
 
 li-meen ? 
 
 too, also, again 
 
 kaman 
 
 under 
 
 tahht 
 
 up 
 
 fok 
 
88 
 
 English. 
 
 Ababic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 welcome 
 
 ahhlan 
 
 when 
 
 lamma 
 
 when ? 
 
 aymta ? 
 
 whence 
 
 minein 
 
 where ? 
 
 fayn, fain ? 
 
 where from ? 
 
 min en, min fen ? 
 
 where to ? 
 
 'ala fen, hfen ? 
 
 whom 
 
 ilH 
 
 whose ? 
 
 bita meen? 
 
 why? 
 
 leih, layh, ala shan ayh ? 
 
 yes 
 
 ay-wa, naam 
 
 yesterday 
 
 embareh 
 
 yet 
 
 . lissa. 
 
 
 25 
 
 AdjeotiYes. 
 
 Angry 
 
 
 za'aldn 
 
 awkward. 
 
 stupid 
 
 ghashim 
 
 bad 
 
 
 battal 
 
 beautiful. 
 
 elegant 
 
 gameel, latif 
 
 better 
 
 
 ahsan 
 
 bitter 
 
 
 murr 
 
 bhnd 
 
 
 a'ama 
 
 broad 
 
 
 arid 
 
 civil 
 
 
 maruf 
 
 clean 
 
 
 nadeef 
 
 clever 
 
 
 shatir 
 
 cold 
 
 
 bard 
 
 cool 
 
 
 barid 
 
 dark 
 
 
 atmah 
 
 dear 
 
 
 azeez, habeeb 
 
 dear (expensive) 
 
 ghali 
 
 deceitful 
 
 
 khain 
 
 deep 
 
 
 ghawit, or wati 
 
 delightful 
 
 
 yifrih, or moufrih 
 
 difficult 
 
 
 saab 
 
 dirty 
 
 
 wisekh 
 
 dry 
 
 
 nashif 
 
 eldest (oldest) 
 
 bakri 
 
 empty 
 
 
 fari,t,'h, khali 
 
 false 
 
 
 kizb, keddilb 
 
39 
 
 Engllsti. 
 
 Ababic— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 fat 
 
 
 samin 
 
 filthy 
 
 
 wehesh 
 
 fine 
 
 
 gamil 
 
 flat 
 
 
 mastuh, or mebattat 
 
 full 
 
 
 melyan 
 
 glad 
 
 
 farhdn 
 
 good 
 
 
 tayyib 
 
 great 
 
 
 azlm 
 
 happy 
 
 
 sa'id 
 
 hard (not soft), dry 
 
 nashif 
 
 hard (severe or 
 
 cruel) 
 
 qa-si 
 
 healthy 
 
 
 sallm, sagh sallm, bis-sahha 
 
 heavy 
 
 
 teqil 
 
 high 
 
 
 'ali^ 
 
 ill (sick) 
 
 [less) 
 
 ayyan 
 
 impertinent (shame- 
 
 kalil al ha-ya 
 
 large 
 
 
 kebir, 'azlm 
 
 lazy 
 
 
 keslan 
 
 lean 
 
 
 nahlf 
 
 least 
 
 
 akall 
 
 less 
 
 
 akall 
 
 light (bright) 
 
 
 nur 
 
 light (not heavy) 
 
 khafif 
 
 little (small) 
 
 
 soghayyar 
 
 long 
 
 
 tawil 
 
 loud (high) 
 
 
 ali 
 
 low 
 
 
 wati 
 
 mad, foolish 
 
 
 magnun 
 
 narrow 
 
 
 dayyik 
 
 near 
 
 
 qarib 
 
 new 
 
 
 gedid 
 
 nice 
 
 
 kowayis, or latlf 
 
 old (aged) 
 
 
 a-guz 
 
 old (ancient) 
 
 
 kadim, kebir, harim 
 
 opened 
 
 
 maftooh 
 
 polite 
 
 
 zarif, or latif 
 
 poor 
 
 
 meskin, or fakir, plu. ma 
 sakin, or fokara 
 
 proud 
 
 
 motakabbir 
 
 rich 
 rice 
 
 
 ghani, shab'an 
 mistawi 
 
40 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 right (true) 
 
 saheeh 
 
 round 
 
 medawwar 
 
 satisfied 
 
 mabsut 
 
 shady [edge) 
 
 daffeh 
 
 sharp (having a keen 
 
 hadd 
 
 sharp words 
 
 kalam ka-si 
 
 sharp (severe) 
 
 ka-si 
 
 short 
 
 kussayyar 
 
 soft (moist) 
 
 tari 
 
 sour (acid) 
 
 hamed, or ha-dik 
 
 square 
 
 moruba 
 
 still, quiet 
 
 sakit 
 
 strong 
 
 gamid 
 
 stupid (ass) 
 
 baleed (homar) 
 
 sweet 
 
 helu 
 
 thick 
 
 tekhin 
 
 thin 
 
 rofayya, or rakik 
 
 tipsy 
 
 sakran 
 
 tired 
 
 td,aban 
 
 tough (dry) 
 
 yabis 
 
 true 
 
 iiakk, 9ahih, or sadeeq 
 
 unintelligible 
 
 miish mafhum 
 
 unlucky 
 
 ma lush bakht 
 
 useful 
 
 nafia 
 
 warm 
 
 hami 
 
 weak 
 
 daif 
 
 well 
 
 tayyib 
 
 wet 
 
 tari, or mablul 
 
 wicked 
 
 sharir 
 
 wide 
 
 wasia 
 
 wild 
 
 wehesh, or birri 
 
 wise (clever) 
 
 ^-kil (shatir) 
 
 worse 
 
 al'an 
 
 worse and worse 
 
 al'an wa al'an 
 
 wrong (mistaken) 
 
 ghalat, or ghaltan 
 
 young 
 
 soghayyar 
 
 younger (smaller) 
 
 assghar. 
 
 26. 
 
 Conjunctions. 
 
 Afterwards 
 
 ba'dayn 
 
 after it 
 
 b'adu 
 
41 
 
 Englisli. 
 
 AIIAJ3IC. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 and 
 
 wa 
 
 because 
 
 li-ann, alashan 
 
 but 
 
 Idkin 
 
 even 
 
 hatta 
 
 for 
 
 ala shan 
 
 neither 
 
 la, 
 
 nor 
 
 ■wa-la 
 
 or 
 
 wa-illa, walla 
 
 that 
 
 inn. 
 
 27. 
 
 Above 
 
 after 
 
 before (sooner than) 
 
 by 
 
 for 
 
 from 
 
 in 
 
 of 
 
 on (upon) 
 
 past 
 
 to 
 
 under 
 
 with 
 
 Prepositions. 
 
 fok 
 
 b'ad 
 
 qabl 
 
 b, be, wa 
 
 ala shan 
 
 min, 'an 
 
 b, be, fi 
 
 'an 
 
 'ata 
 
 madi 
 
 1, le 
 
 tahht 
 
 b, be. 
 
 I 
 
 thou 
 he, it 
 she 
 
 We 
 
 you, ye 
 they 
 
 My— 
 thy— 
 his — 
 her — 
 
 28. Pronouns. 
 
 Singular. 
 
 ana 
 
 enteh (mas.), enti (fern.) 
 
 huweh 
 
 hiyeh. 
 
 Plural. 
 
 ehhna 
 
 entu, or entum 
 
 hum, or huma. 
 
 Singular. (Suffixes.) 
 
 1 — i 
 
 I — ak (mas.), \\i (fern.) 
 
 ' — u 
 I —ha. 
 
42 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 Plural. 
 
 (Suffixes.) 
 
 Our — 
 
 — ua 
 
 your — 
 
 — kom 
 
 their — 
 
 — hom. 
 
 Myself 
 
 nafs-i, or za-ti 
 
 thyself 
 
 nafsa-k, or zat-ak 
 
 himself 
 
 nafs-u, or zat-u 
 
 herself 
 
 nafsi-ha, or zatiha 
 
 ourselves 
 
 nafsi-na, or zatina 
 
 yourself 
 
 nafs-ak, or zat-ak 
 
 yourselves 
 
 nafsi-kom, or zat-kom 
 
 themselves 
 
 uafsi-hom, or zat-hom. 
 
 Singular. 
 Mine, or my own bit'a-i 
 
 thine, or thy own 
 his, or his own 
 hers, or her own 
 
 bit'a-ak (mas.), bita-ik (fern.) 
 
 bit'a-u 
 
 bit'a-ha. 
 
 Plural. 
 Ours, or our own bit'a-na 
 
 yours, or your own bit'a-kom 
 
 theirs, or their own bit'a-hom. 
 
 Relative. 
 Who, whom, that, | illi. 
 which, what ! 
 
 Note. — Illi is the only Relative Pronoun used in conversational 
 Arabic. 
 
 Who? 
 to whom ? 
 which ? 
 what ? 
 whose ? 
 why ? 
 
 how (are you) ? 
 from me 
 from him 
 from you 
 
 29. Interrogatives. 
 
 min? 
 le-meen ? 
 anhoo ? 
 ayh? 
 
 bita-min ? 
 layh ? 
 
 izzay (ak) ? 
 min-ni 
 min-noh 
 min-nak. 
 
43 
 
 Englisli. 
 
 Ababic— Pionetio Pronunciation. 
 
 30. Verbs. 
 
 To abandon* 
 
 tarak 
 
 ,, accept 
 
 kebel, imp. ikbal 
 
 „ admire 
 
 ta-aggab 
 
 ,, agree to 
 
 ittafak ala 
 
 ,, allow 
 
 azan, or samah 
 
 „ alter 
 
 ghayyar, imp. ghayyar 
 
 ,, answer 
 
 ga-wab 
 
 „ appear 
 
 zahar 
 
 ,, arrive 
 
 wasal 
 
 „ ask 
 
 sa-al, imp. is-al 
 
 ,, assist 
 
 sa-ad 
 
 „ avoid 
 
 igtanab, im,p. igtanib 
 
 ,, awake 
 
 sehi, ivip. is-ha 
 
 ,, beat 
 
 darab, imp. idrab 
 
 „ begin 
 
 ibtada, impt. ibtidi 
 
 ,, believe 
 
 saddak 
 
 ,, bind (to tie) 
 
 rabat, imp. orbot 
 
 ,, bite 
 
 add, imp. odd 
 
 „ break 
 
 kassar 
 
 „ bring 
 
 gab, imp. gib 
 
 „ burn 
 
 harak, imp. ihrak 
 
 „ bury 
 
 dafan, imp. idfin 
 
 .. buy 
 
 ishtara, imp. ishtiri 
 
 „ call 
 
 nadah, imp. indah 
 
 „ catch 
 
 me-sek, imp. imsik 
 
 J, change 
 
 ghayyar 
 
 ,, change money 
 
 saraf, iOT;2^.'isrif 
 
 „ cheat, defraud 
 
 ikhtalas 
 
 ,, clean 
 
 naddaf, imp. naddaf 
 
 ,, come 
 
 geh, or ga, imp. taala 
 
 ,, consult 
 
 sha-war, imp. sha-wir 
 
 *NoTB. — Literally — " He abandoned," third person singular, past 
 tense, indicative mood. All the verbs in this list are expressed 
 in same manner, that being regarded in Arabic as the root of the 
 verb. But the imperatives are mostly added here, as being the 
 most requisite form. The past participle is formed by prefixing 
 ma — , matruk, abandoned. 
 
44 
 
 English. 
 
 AKABic.^Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 to convey 
 
 nakal 
 
 ,, cook 
 
 tabakh, imp. itbokh 
 
 ,, count 
 
 add, hasab 
 
 ,, cut 
 
 kataa, imj]. iktaa 
 
 ,, deceive 
 
 ghashsh 
 
 ,, deliver 
 
 sallam 
 
 ,, deny 
 
 ankar, or gahad 
 
 „ dream 
 
 helem 
 
 „ dress 
 
 lebes, imp. ilbis 
 
 ,, drink 
 
 shereb, imp. islirab 
 
 ,, drive out 
 
 tarad 
 
 ,, eat 
 
 akal, imp. kol 
 
 „ examine 
 
 fahas 
 
 ,, excavate 
 
 fahat, imp. ifhat 
 
 ,, excuse 
 
 samah 
 
 ,, explain 
 
 waddah, imp. waddali 
 
 „ feed 
 
 vcakkal, imp. wakkil 
 
 ,, fetch 
 
 gab, imp. gib 
 
 , find 
 
 iltaka, wagad 
 
 „ forget 
 
 nessi 
 
 ,, get up 
 
 qam, im.p. qum 
 
 >. give 
 
 aata, idda, imp. iddi 
 
 » go 
 
 rah, imp. ruh 
 
 ,, go on foot 
 
 rah mashi 
 
 ,, go on horseback 
 
 rah rakib 
 
 ,, go out 
 
 kharag 
 
 „ govern 
 
 hhakam 
 
 „ groan 
 
 ann, imp. inn 
 
 ,, hang (suspend) 
 
 allak, imj]. allak 
 
 ,, happen 
 
 hasal, or ittafak 
 
 ,, have 
 
 hasal ala 
 
 I have 
 
 ana-andi 
 
 he has 
 
 hu-wa andu 
 
 she has 
 
 hiya andiha 
 
 we have 
 
 ihna andina 
 
 you have 
 
 intaandak,orintoin andikom 
 
 they have 
 
 homma anduhom 
 
 „ hear 
 
 sama'a, imp. isma'a 
 
 „ help 
 
 sa-ad, imji. sa-id 
 
 „ hide 
 
 khabba, imp. khabbi 
 
 „ hire 
 
 aggar 
 
45 
 
 English. 
 
 Ababio.— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 to jump 
 
 „ kill 
 
 „ kiss 
 
 ,, knock 
 
 ,, know 
 
 „ laugh 
 
 ,, leap 
 
 „ learn 
 
 „ lend 
 
 „ let alone 
 
 ,, lie down 
 
 ,, look 
 
 ,, make 
 
 ,, meet 
 
 „ mend 
 
 ,, mention 
 
 ,, obey 
 
 ,, object 
 
 ,, oblige (favour) 
 
 „ obtain 
 
 ,, offend (anger) 
 
 ,, offer 
 
 „ open 
 
 ,, oppose 
 
 ,, order 
 
 " p^y 
 
 „ proceed [word) 
 
 „ promise (gave 
 
 ,, pronounce 
 
 „ pull 
 
 „ put 
 
 ,, read 
 
 ,, receive 
 
 ,, remember 
 
 ,, remind 
 
 ,, repair 
 
 ,, repeat [go back) 
 
 ,, return (come or 
 
 ,, return (give back) 
 
 „ ride 
 
 natt, imv. nott 
 
 katal, imp. iktil 
 
 bas, imp. buss 
 
 khabat, imtJ. iklibat 
 
 a'araf 
 
 dehek, imp. idhak 
 
 natt, im,p>. nott 
 
 taallam, mtij). itaallim 
 
 sallaf ; sayyab 
 
 klialla, imp. khalli, or khallee 
 
 rakad, or itsattab, imp. orkod, or 
 
 itsattali ; nam, noom 
 shaf, imp. shuf 
 amal, vnp. amil 
 sddaf 
 
 sallah, imp. sallah 
 zakar, imp. ozkor 
 ta-waa, imp. ta-wih 
 i-tarad 
 
 amal ma'aruf 
 ta-liassal ala 
 aghdab 
 
 kaddam, tnip. kaddim 
 fatah, imv. iftah 
 kawam 
 amar 
 
 dafaa, imp. idfaa 
 takaddam 
 wa-ad, (idda kol) 
 lafaz, imp. olfoz 
 
 shadd, imp. shidd; jarr, imp. jury: 
 hatt, imp. hott 
 kara, imp. ikrfi. 
 istalam, imp. istilim 
 tazakkar, imp. itzakkar 
 zakkar, or fakkar 
 sallah, or ammar 
 kerrar 
 
 ragaa, imp. irga 
 ragga', imp. raggaa 
 rekeb, imp. irkab 
 
46 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 to 
 
 rise 
 
 )) 
 
 rub 
 
 91 
 
 run 
 
 ,, 
 
 run away 
 
 ?) 
 
 say 
 
 ?» 
 
 see 
 
 5 J 
 
 seize 
 
 IJ 
 
 sell 
 
 )) 
 
 select 
 
 7) 
 
 send 
 
 3) 
 
 send back 
 
 J 
 
 set 
 
 
 shoot 
 
 
 show 
 
 , 
 
 smell 
 
 J 
 
 smoke (tobacco) 
 
 ) 
 
 speak 
 
 J) 
 
 spoil 
 stand 
 
 )J 
 
 starve 
 
 
 stay 
 steal 
 
 ') 
 
 study 
 suffer 
 
 1J 
 J) 
 
 suggest 
 swallow 
 
 ,, 
 
 swear 
 
 J) 
 
 swim 
 
 J> 
 
 take 
 
 
 taste 
 
 )> 
 
 teach 
 
 )) 
 
 tear 
 
 )) 
 
 tell 
 
 )) 
 
 thank 
 
 5J 
 
 think 
 
 J) 
 
 throw away 
 translate 
 
 kam, imj). kum 
 
 da-ak, imji. idaak 
 
 geri, imp. igri 
 
 havab, imjj. ihrab 
 
 qal, imjJ. qui 
 
 shaf, imp. shuf 
 
 messek,, ivip. imsek 
 
 baa' 
 
 intakhab, or akhtar, imp. intak- 
 
 hib, or ikhtar 
 baat, imp. ibaat 
 ragga, imp. ragga 
 hatt, or wada, im]]. hott, or ooda 
 asstad, or darab bondokiyah, or 
 
 darab ros-sa-sah 
 warra 
 
 shamm, imp. shimm 
 yishrab dokhan, imp. ishrab 
 
 dokhan 
 narrate, or takallam, imj>. it- 
 
 kallim 
 khassar, talaf, atlaf 
 weqef, imp. uqaf 
 mat min al guh, or mat Ml guh 
 fedel, ka-ad, or isstanna 
 sarak, imp. issrak 
 ta-allam 
 tahammal 
 ashar 
 
 bala, imp, ibla 
 helef, or halaf 
 am, imp. oom 
 akliad, imp. khud 
 zak, imp. zook 
 allam, imp. allim 
 sharmat, imp. sharmat 
 qal, ivipi. qui 
 shakar, imp. oshkor 
 zann, or iftakar 
 rama, imp. ermi 
 targam, imp. targim 
 
47 
 
 English. 
 
 to travel 
 
 „ tread 
 
 ,, turn (round) 
 
 ,, understand 
 
 ,, upset 
 
 ,, use 
 
 „ wait 
 
 „ walk 
 
 ,, want 
 
 „ warm 
 
 ,, warn 
 ,, wash 
 ,, watch 
 
 „ water (horses) 
 
 ,, wet 
 
 ,, whip 
 
 ,, whisper 
 
 „ win 
 
 „ wipe 
 
 ,, wish 
 „ work 
 
 ,, worship 
 
 „ wrap 
 
 ,, write 
 
 ,, yawn 
 
 31. 
 
 AiiABio. — Phonetic Pronunciatiion. 
 
 safar, or safir 
 
 dass, imp. doss 
 
 dawwar, imp. dawwar 
 
 fehem 
 
 kalab. imp. iklib 
 
 ist-'amal, imp. iss-ta-mil 
 
 istanna, imp. istanna 
 
 meshi, imp. imshi 
 
 alihtag 
 
 sakhkhan, or daffa, imp. 
 
 sakhkhan, or daffi 
 nassah, imp. in-ssah 
 ghasal, imp. igh-sil 
 ghaffar, or hharass, imp. oghfor, 
 
 or ohhross 
 saka 
 
 ball, im.p. bill 
 darab, imp. iddrab 
 washwash, imp. washwish 
 ghalab 
 nasshef, or masah, imp. nasshif, 
 
 or imsahh 
 arad 
 ishtaghal, imp. ishteghil, or iah 
 
 taghal 
 abad, imp. i-bid 
 laff, im,p. liff 
 katab, imp. ik 
 itta-wab. 
 
 The GoYernment Ministries and 
 Administrations. 
 
 Department of thej 
 Household of[ 
 H.H.the Khedive ) 
 
 Finance 
 
 Foreign Office 
 
 Interior 
 
 Justice 
 
 Pubhc Works 
 
 ed dayra elk khasa 
 
 el malieh 
 
 elk khargieh 
 
 el dakhlieh 
 
 el haqqanieh 
 
 el ashgal el umumleh 
 
48 
 
 English. 
 
 Public Instruction 
 
 War Office 
 
 Public Health De- 
 
 AitA3ic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 partment 
 Police Department 
 Prison Department 
 Department of the 
 Suppression of 
 Slavery 
 Office of the Inspec- 
 tor - General of 
 Irrigation 
 Eailway Administra- 
 tion 
 Nile Steamers Service' 
 Public Debt Office 
 Customs Department 
 Coast Guard Service 
 Post Administration 
 Postal Service 
 Native Courts 
 Court of First In- 
 stance 
 Court of Appeal 
 Quarantine Board 
 
 Municipal Council 
 
 32. 
 
 Private 
 
 bugler ; drummer 
 farrier 
 trumpeter 
 lance-corporal 
 corporal 
 sergeant 
 sergeant-major 
 quarter-master ser- 
 geant 
 adjutant -major 
 chief clerk 
 
 el maarif el'umumieh 
 
 el harbleh, diw4n al gihadieh 
 
 ma9lahet es sihha el'umumieh 
 
 maQlahet el bolees 
 ma9lahet es sugun 
 
 ma9lahet mana' tigaret er raqyq, 
 or kalam el raqueek 
 
 taftysh 'umum er ray 
 
 ma9lahet es sikket el hadeed 
 
 ma9lahet waburat en nil 
 sanduq ed den el 'umiimy 
 idaret 'umum el gamarik 
 ma9lahet ghafar es sawahil 
 idaret 'umum el bosta 
 baryd 
 ^ el mahakim el ahlieh 
 el mabkama el ibtidaieli (mahk- 
 
 amet auwil daraga) 
 mahkamet el istynaf 
 ma9lahet es sihha el bahrieh wil 
 
 karantynat 
 el komisyon el balady. 
 
 Military Titles. 
 
 nafar 
 
 burugi ; tabbal, trombetgi 
 
 betar plu. ba-yatra 
 
 turumbetshy, burugi 
 
 wakyl onbashi 
 
 onbashi 
 
 shaweesh 
 
 bash shaweesh 
 
 buluk ameen 
 
 saghkolaqhassi 
 bask katib 
 Mostly Turkish. 
 
49 
 
 English, 
 
 Abaeic. — Phonetic Pronunciation, 
 
 warrant officer 
 
 sol 
 
 sub-lieutenant 
 
 mulazim tany 
 
 lieutenant 
 
 mulazim auwil 
 
 captain 
 
 yuzbashi 
 
 major 
 
 binbilshi 
 
 lieutenant-colonel 
 
 kaimakam 
 
 colonel 
 
 miralai 
 
 brigadier-general 
 
 lewa 
 
 lieutenant-general 
 
 fareek 
 
 field-marshal' 
 
 musheer 
 
 doctor 1 
 surgeon [ 
 
 hakeem, pZw. hokamd 
 
 paymaster (treasurer) 
 
 khizniddr, sarraf 
 
 adjutant 
 
 moawin, plu. moawneen 
 
 commanding officer 
 commandant 
 
 hukumdar, komanddn 
 
 chief-of-the-staff 
 
 rayjis arkan el harb 
 
 field-ofScer 
 
 zabit 'azym 
 
 general officer 
 
 zabit karym 
 
 staff-officer 
 
 zabit arkl.n el harb 
 
 brigade-major 
 
 ' arkan harb el lewa 
 
 commander-in-chief 
 
 sirdar 
 
 His Excellency (ad- 
 
 dawlatlu 
 
 dress of a field- 
 
 
 marshal) 
 
 
 Your Excellency 
 
 sa 'adetkum. 
 
 33. *Na¥al and Military Terms. 
 
 Toffether ivith itsefnl Words for all Ranks. 
 
 Absence (leave of) 
 accoutrements 
 acquittal 
 admiral 
 advance (to) 
 advanced guard 
 party 
 „ post 
 aiming drill 
 alarm 
 „ post 
 
 agazab 
 muhimmat 
 tabriyah 
 amir al-bahr 
 taqaddam 
 bashdar 
 
 gema'ah mute-qaddamah 
 ntiqtah mute-qaddamah 
 ta'lim et tenshin 
 kabsah 
 
 nuqtat el kabsah 
 * Some Turkish. B 
 
50 
 
 English. 
 
 ambulance 
 
 ammunition 
 
 ammunition pouch 
 
 ammunition wagon 
 
 anchor 
 
 anchorage 
 
 armistice 
 
 armourer 
 
 arms 
 
 army 
 
 army-corps 
 
 army order 
 
 arrow 
 
 arsenal 
 
 artillery 
 
 attack 
 
 attack, false 
 
 ,, , flank 
 
 ,, , front 
 
 ,, , 1st line of 
 
 ,, , 2nd line of 
 attention ! 
 at wliat hour ? 
 axle 
 
 back of a horse 
 backsight 
 badges 
 
 ball cartridge 
 band 
 barrack 
 base 
 
 battalion 
 battery (field) 
 battle 
 bayonet 
 belt 
 
 binoculars 
 bit (for horse) 
 bivouac (to) 
 blacking 
 bomb 
 
 Ababic— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 shefakhanab 
 
 gabahana, zakbirah 
 
 kaffa 
 
 arabyet el gubahana 
 
 mirsa, muktaf 
 
 marsa 
 
 matarakabh, hudnah 
 
 tufekgi 
 
 asliha 
 
 gaysh, askar 
 
 firkah 
 
 amr 'askary 
 
 nibl, or sahm 
 
 tupkhanah 
 
 tubgiyeh 
 
 hugum, mukagamah 
 
 hugum kazib 
 
 hugum 'ala'l gamb 
 
 hugiim 'ala'l muwagahah 
 
 awwal khatt el hugum 
 
 tani khatt el hugum 
 
 zinhar ! 
 
 bi sa'ah kam ? 
 
 qotb 
 
 dahr al hosan 
 
 nish^ngah 
 
 'alamat er rutab 
 
 fesheyk bi-risas 
 
 musiqah 
 
 qishlaq 
 
 asas 
 
 orta, j>lu. orat 
 
 batariya (mid an) 
 
 waq'ah 
 
 singa 
 
 qa yish, hizam 
 
 nadara 
 
 fekk, ligam 
 
 bayit bidiin khiyam soda 
 
 bo-yah 
 
 bombah 
 
51 
 
 English. 
 
 bombard (to) 
 
 booty 
 
 boot 
 
 breadth 
 
 breastband 
 
 bribe 
 
 bridle 
 
 brigade 
 
 broad 
 
 bugle 
 
 ,, sound 
 bullet 
 button 
 button-hole 
 camel 
 camel's riding-saddle 
 camel for riding 
 camp 
 
 camp kettle 
 cannon, gan 
 capture (to) 
 carriage wheel 
 cartridge 
 casuals 
 cavalry 
 cavalry walk 
 
 „ trot 
 
 ,, , prepare for ! 
 cease fire ! 
 certificate 
 
 certificate of dis- 
 charge 
 chain 
 change of front 
 
 „ „ position 
 
 „ „ rounds (to) 
 charge ! 
 cholera 
 company 
 
 „ ,half 
 
 .. , double 
 
 Ababio. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 darab bil bomb 
 
 ghanimah 
 
 gezma 
 
 aard 
 
 sinaband 
 
 bartll, rashwa 
 
 ligam , plu. ^Igima 
 
 lew a 
 
 arid 
 
 bury 
 
 no bah 
 
 kantarah, rusasa 
 
 zirar, ^jZm, zor^rat 
 
 irwah, jjZm. arawi 
 
 gemel, jjZii. gimal ; fern, naqa 
 
 mahlufa, gabyt 
 
 begin 
 
 mu'askar, urdl 
 
 kazan 
 
 madfa' 
 
 •asar 
 
 'agalah 
 
 kartush, feshenk 
 
 muta-akhkhirin 
 
 suwari, khiyala 
 
 ser el ashkeen 
 
 ser el gar 
 
 sawari qarshu dawran ! 
 
 nobet ateshi kas ! [tazkarah 
 
 sheh'adah, plu. sheh'adat, 01 
 
 raftieh 
 
 silsilah, plu. saUsil, zinjeer 
 
 taghyir el ittigah, tabdil heya 
 
 taghyir el wad'a, tabdil yeri 
 
 gheiyar en nimer 
 
 hugum ! 
 
 kolSra 
 
 buluk 
 
 yarim buluk 
 
 buluk muzdawig 
 
 V. 2 
 
52 
 
 English. 
 
 AnAJBic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 cloak 
 
 colours of a regiment 
 
 column 
 
 ,, of building 
 column, close 
 „ , double 
 „ , balf 
 ,, , line of — s 
 „ , mass of — s 
 ,, of divisions 
 ,, of route i 
 ,, of sub-divi- j 
 visions i 
 ,, , quarter 
 combatant 
 
 „ , non- 
 command 
 
 „ , words of 
 commissariat 
 compasses 
 cook 
 
 court-martial 
 ,, ,, , district 
 ,, „ , gener.d 
 ,, „ , proceed- 
 ings of 
 ,, ,, , regimen- 
 tal 
 ,, ,, , summary 
 
 court of inquiry 
 confined to barracks 
 conduct 
 connecting file 
 countersign 
 courage 
 crew 
 crupper 
 cut (wound) 
 dagger 
 decision 
 defaulter 
 
 'abayeh ; kabood 
 beraq 
 orda, qol 
 
 amud, plu. imdan 
 qol mutaqarib 
 ghift qol 
 yarim qol 
 tabtir qolali 
 magmu 'qolat 
 sinfja qol 
 qol es seyr 
 tobja qol 
 
 dar-qol 
 mubarib 
 gheyr muharib 
 hukumdariyah 
 nida 
 kism el 
 bargal, ibrat 
 tabbd,kh 
 meglis 'askari 
 
 ,, „ markazi 
 
 ), J, aali 
 igrfi,-at el meglis el 'askari 
 
 meglis 'askari alayi 
 
 ,, „ waqti 
 
 meglis et tabqiq 
 mabguz bil qishlaq 
 soluk, or masliiy 
 khabardar 
 parolah 
 ga-ra-ah 
 nautiyah 
 kafal 
 
 garb, plu. goruh 
 khangar, plu. khanagii 
 qarar 
 muznib mabguz 
 
53 
 
 English. 
 
 AiiABic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 defaulter's book 
 
 daftar ez zuniib 
 
 defaulter's drill 
 
 ta'lim el muznibin 
 
 defence 
 
 muddfa'ah 
 
 defile 
 
 darband 
 
 deployment 
 
 fath 
 
 dep6t 
 
 asas^ 
 
 deserter 
 
 harib, harban 
 
 detached file 
 
 qatar munfasil 
 
 detachment 
 
 sariyah 
 
 diarrhoea 
 
 is-hal, or leen 
 
 diary, journal 
 
 daftar y6mleh 
 
 discipline 
 
 zabt wa rabt 
 
 disembarkation 
 
 nozool min el markab 
 
 dismiss (to, from 
 
 raft 
 
 service) 
 
 
 „ (off parade) 
 
 'amal dastur 
 
 dismissal from office 
 
 'azal, khala" 
 
 dismount 1 
 
 iuzil ! 
 
 distance 
 
 masafah 
 
 division 
 
 firqah 
 
 dockyard 
 
 tersanah 
 
 don't move ! 
 
 ma taharraksh ! 
 
 drill 
 
 ta'lim 
 
 ,, , aiming 
 
 „ sibiyeh 
 
 ,, order 
 
 hei-at et ta'lim 
 
 ,, , position 
 
 ta'lim et qiyam 
 
 „ , preliminary 
 
 ta'lim ibtida-i 
 
 „ , setting up 
 
 ta'lim el a'da 
 
 drink 
 
 ishrab 
 
 driver [mals 
 
 'arbagi 
 
 driver of pack ani- 
 
 tarras 
 
 drum (big) 
 
 tablah 
 
 drum 
 
 trombeytah 
 
 drunk 
 
 sakran 
 
 dysentery 
 
 dusuntarleh 
 
 duties 
 
 wagibat 
 
 duty (on) 
 
 nobetji 
 
 echelon 
 
 tadrig 
 
 embarkation 
 
 nuzul fil bahr 
 
 encampment 
 enemy 
 
 mu'askar 
 dushm^n, 'adoo 
 
64 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic— Phonetic Pronunciation 
 
 engagement 
 
 • qital 
 
 engineer 
 
 muhandis 
 
 enlistment 
 
 iktitab 
 
 entrenchment 
 
 dirwa 
 
 equipment 
 
 muhimm^t 
 
 escort 
 
 haras 
 
 examination 
 
 imtihan 
 
 exercise, bayonet 
 
 sungi ta'lim 
 
 ,, , firing 
 
 atesh ta'lim 
 
 ,, , manual 
 
 silah isti'mali 
 
 ,, , review 
 
 maharan sungi taleem 
 
 „ , rifle 
 
 ta'lim el bunduqiyah 
 
 , shelter- 
 
 ta'lim 'amal ed dirwah wal 
 
 trench 
 
 khandaq 
 
 expedition (military) 
 
 hamlab, tagryda 
 
 extend 
 
 nobet achileen 
 
 fall in ! 
 
 sagha buk 1 
 
 farrier 
 
 bitar 
 
 fatigue 
 
 tulbah 
 
 „ party 
 
 tulbali 
 
 field-day 
 
 yom midan 
 
 ,, -exercises 
 
 ta'limat 'askarlyah 
 
 „ -glass 
 
 naddaret midan 
 
 field-gun 
 
 madfa' urdi, midan 
 
 field-hospital 
 
 talja naqqaly, isbitaliya midan 
 
 file 
 
 qatar 
 
 ,, , blank 
 
 qatar farigh 
 
 ,, , connecting 
 
 khabardar 
 
 „ , even 
 
 qatar 9liift 
 
 ,, , leading 
 
 qatar amami 
 
 !, , odd 
 
 qatar fardi 
 
 ,, , in single 
 
 fardan fardan, birer hirer 
 
 fire 
 
 nar 
 
 fire ! 
 
 atesh ! 
 
 fire-engine 
 
 toronba 
 
 flag 
 
 sanjak, beyrak, alam 
 
 flank 
 
 gamb, ganib 
 
 fla ik, directing 
 
 gamb samt et tawagguh 
 
 ,, , inner 
 
 el gamb el dakhil 
 
 „ ,left 
 
 el gamb el shemal 
 
 ,, , outer 
 
 el gamb el kharig 
 
55 
 
 Englisli. 
 
 flank, reverse 
 
 ,, .right 
 flanker 
 fleet 
 
 foot-soldier 
 forage 
 
 foresight (gun) 
 (rifle) 
 formation 
 fort ) 
 fortress f 
 fortify (to) 
 fortress wall 
 forward ! 
 fours 
 front 
 
 front rank 
 funeral 
 furlough 
 gaiters 
 gallant 
 gallop 
 garrison 
 gendarmerie 
 general 
 geography 
 geometry 
 girdle 
 girth 
 
 glass (for drinking) 
 glove 
 
 government 
 governor 
 grave (s.) 
 great-coat 
 
 groom(brush a horse) 
 guard, escort 
 guard ( of soldiers) 
 guard (advanced) 
 guard (rear) 
 gun (musket) 
 
 AftABic— Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 el gamb el mun 'akis 
 
 el gamb el monakis 
 
 ganbdar 
 
 dunanma 
 
 'askari 
 
 'aliq 
 
 zih 
 
 dibbanah 
 
 taslikll 
 
 tabiya, qal'ah, husn 
 
 istahkam 
 
 sur al qal'ah 
 
 li kudam ! 
 
 durdeyr 
 
 wAghah, kudam 
 
 es saff el awwal 
 
 ginnaza 
 
 rukhset ghiyab, agayeh 
 
 tuzluq 
 
 zarif 
 
 ramah, durtna'l 
 
 hamiyeh 
 
 zaptiya 
 
 basha 
 
 goghrafia 
 
 handasah 
 
 hezam 
 
 hizam, sherihah 
 
 kubayeh 
 
 aldiwan 
 
 hokumah 
 
 hakim, mihafiy 
 
 kabr, torbeh 
 
 kabbud 
 
 timar 
 
 haras 
 
 ghafer 
 
 bashdar 
 
 dimdar 
 
 bundukiyeh 
 
50 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic— Phonetic Pronunciation 
 
 gun-carriage 
 
 gundaq, 'arabiyet al madfa' 
 
 gunner 
 
 tubgi 
 
 gun -powder 
 
 barud 
 
 half-column 
 
 yarim qol 
 
 „ company 
 
 sinf 
 
 ,, section (cavalry) 
 
 yarim sinf 
 
 halt! 
 
 akaf ! andak ! dur ! 
 
 halter 
 
 rashm 
 
 haversack 
 
 shanta teel 
 
 hay (chopped straw) 
 
 diris (tibn) 
 
 head-quarters 
 
 el markaz, el comandanieh 
 
 helmet 
 
 tasah 
 
 history 
 
 tareekh, plii. tawareekh 
 
 horse 
 
 hosan, yZu. khel 
 
 „ (a brown) 
 
 hosan asmar 
 
 „ (a dark grey) 
 
 hosan singabi 
 
 horse-brush 
 
 forsheh timar 
 
 ,, cloth 
 
 footeh timar 
 
 horse's hoof 
 
 hafir 
 
 ,, mane 
 
 ma'rafa 
 
 ,, shoe 
 
 na'l 
 
 ,, tail 
 
 dail 
 
 hospital 
 
 isbitalia 
 
 hut 
 
 zimlik 
 
 imprisonment 
 
 habs 
 
 incline ! 
 
 mailan ! 
 
 independent firing 
 
 nobet atesh 
 
 infantry 
 
 biyada 
 
 „ , mounted 
 
 biyada rakibah 
 
 inspection parade 
 
 tabur tefteesh 
 
 instructor 
 
 ta'limgi 
 
 insubordination 
 
 'adam el inqiyad 
 
 Intelligence Depart- 
 
 qalam el mukbdbarat 
 
 ment 
 
 
 interval 
 
 fasil 
 
 intoxicated 
 
 sakran 
 
 intrench (to) 
 
 istahkam 
 
 in which direction ? 
 
 ila ain ? 
 
 in what strength ? 
 
 bi kam min 'asakir '? 
 
 ironclad 
 
 merkab hadid, zerhli 
 
 judge 
 
 kadi 
 
57 
 
 English. 
 
 killed ~ 
 
 knapsack 
 
 ladder 
 
 lance ■) 
 
 spear j 
 
 lantern 
 
 lanyard 
 
 lashing 
 
 latrine 
 
 lay down your arms I 
 
 leave of absence 
 
 left 
 
 line 
 
 ,, of columns 
 
 ,, ,, commun i - 
 cations 
 
 „ ,, fire 
 
 ,, ,, operations 
 
 ,, ,, retreat 
 
 „ ,, sight 
 main -body 
 mancEuvre 
 map 
 march I 
 marksman 
 marquee tent 
 military police 
 , , service 
 mine 
 
 mortar [rear 
 
 move a little to the 
 move forward ! 
 musketry 
 
 „ instruction 
 muster 
 mutiny 
 
 muzzle (of a gun) 
 nose-bag 
 occupy (to) 
 officer 
 officer's undress 
 
 Arabic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 maktul 
 
 garabandiyah 
 
 sillim 
 
 mizraq, harba 
 
 fanus, plu. fawanis 
 
 habl el kabsul 
 
 fiMsah 
 
 adabkh^Tiah 
 
 irmi silahak! 
 
 agazab, izn 
 
 sola 
 
 tabur, hiza 
 
 alaya qola 
 
 khatt al muwd,silah 
 
 ittig&h er ramy 
 
 khatt al harak 
 
 kliatt ar rujuah 
 
 khatt el nazer 
 
 asas 
 
 uiunawra 
 
 khartah 
 
 marsh ! 
 
 nashangi 
 
 markuwys 
 
 bolys 'askary 
 
 'askarieli 
 
 lughum 
 
 hawun 
 
 taakhar shuwayah li war^ 
 
 imshi ! yallah ! 
 
 darb en nar 
 
 ta'lim darb en nar 
 
 ta'dad 
 
 'asayan 
 
 fumm 
 
 mikhlet 'aliq, mikhla 
 
 ihtall 
 
 zabit, 10111. zubat 
 
 libs yonii 
 
58 
 
 English. 
 
 AnABic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 ophthalmia 
 order (command) 
 orderly (on duty) 
 outpost 
 outworks 
 parade 
 
 „ (to) 
 parapet 
 pass 
 patrol 
 pay, salary 
 peace 
 pencil 
 pension 
 picket 
 pioneer 
 pistol 
 pivot 
 plan 
 pontoon 
 post 
 powder 
 
 powder-magazine 
 prison [room) 
 
 prisoner (in guard 
 
 ,, of war 
 proceedings of the 
 
 court 
 promotion 
 punishment 
 quarters 
 quickly! (with wheels) 
 quinine 
 rain 
 ramrod 
 range (distance of 
 flight of pro- 
 jectile) 
 
 ,, finder 
 rank (in army) 
 
 ,, (line of men) 
 
 ramad 
 
 amr, pJa. a-wa-mir 
 
 nobetgi 
 
 qaraqol-khilrigi 
 
 istahkamat amamiyah 
 
 tabtir 
 
 istaff tabur 
 
 khatten-nar 
 
 tazkarat moroor 
 
 tof, dowiyeh 
 
 mahiya 
 
 sulh 
 
 qalam rusas 
 
 ma 'ash 
 
 qaraqol 
 
 baltagi 
 
 tabanga, ferd 
 
 markaz 
 
 masqat 
 
 ma'bar 
 
 nuqta 
 
 barud 
 
 mahzan gabakliana 
 
 sighn, habs 
 
 malibus 
 
 asir 
 
 igraat el maglis 
 
 taraqqi 
 
 giza 
 
 qishlaq 
 
 bil'agall 
 
 kineen 
 
 matar 
 
 midaq 
 
 masafah, si'at er ramy 
 
 tilimetr 
 
 rutbah 
 
 saft' 
 
59 
 
 English. 
 
 rank and file 
 rank, front 
 ,, , rear 
 rations 
 
 reconnaissance 
 recruit 
 redoubt 
 regiment 
 regulations 
 reins 
 release 
 
 relief (change) 
 report 
 resign (to) 
 retire (to) 
 retreat (to) 
 rifling 
 rifleman 
 sack 
 saddle 
 
 ,, , camel 
 ,, for a horse 
 „ donkey 
 saddler 
 salute 
 sapper 
 scout 
 
 second (the) regiment 
 semaphore 
 sentry 
 shell 
 
 ship-of-war 
 shot (cannon ball) 
 sight of a gun 
 signal 
 
 „ party 
 signaller 
 skirmish (to) 
 skirmisher 
 slowly 1 
 small shot 
 
 Arabic. — Phonetic Pronimciation. 
 
 anfar es saff 
 
 es saff el awwal 
 
 es saff el t^ni 
 
 giraya, tayin, ta'yinat 
 
 istikshaf 
 
 'askari mustegidd 
 
 hisn, tabiyali 
 
 alay 
 
 qawanin 
 
 suru', plu. asra 
 
 itlaq sebil, ifrdg 
 
 ghiyar 
 
 taqrir 
 
 ista 'fa 
 
 ta-akhkar 
 
 taqahqar 
 
 sheshkhanah 
 
 sheshkhaneli 
 
 Ms 
 
 serg 
 
 ghabit, makhloofeh, or iddeh 
 
 serg, plu. sorooj 
 
 bardaah, pZw. ba-ra-dih 
 
 sorugi 
 
 salam 
 
 baltagi 
 
 tof 
 
 ikingy alay 
 
 samafor 
 
 dldeban, ghafir, plu. ghufara 
 
 daneh 
 
 markab harb 
 
 gulleh 
 
 kumhah 
 
 isharah 
 
 gema'et el isharah 
 
 isharagi 
 
 tasharkhag 
 
 sharkhagi 
 
 'ala mahlak ! 
 
 rush 
 
GO 
 
 EugliBh. 
 
 Ababic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 snaffle" 
 
 kantarma 
 
 soldier 
 
 gindy, 2^^it- ga-nady, 'askari 
 
 spur 
 
 mahmuz 
 
 spurs 
 
 mahmeez 
 
 spy 
 
 gasus, basas 
 
 squadron 
 
 buluk 
 
 square 
 
 qal 'ah 
 
 stable 
 
 isstabl, 2>ii'- isstablat 
 
 staff (military) 
 
 arkan harb 
 
 stall 
 
 akhur 
 
 stirrup 
 
 rikab, plu. rikabat 
 
 support 
 
 imdad 
 
 surrender (to) [terms 
 
 sallam, inijj. sallim 
 
 surrender (to) upon 
 
 sallam bi-shoroot 
 
 sword 
 
 sef 
 
 tattoo 
 
 nobet tamam 
 
 telescope 
 
 durbin, nadarah 
 
 tent 
 
 kheimah, ;jZ(t. khiyilm 
 
 tent-peg 
 
 watad, ^jZm. autad 
 
 theft 
 
 seriqa 
 
 to the right 
 
 ila al yamin 
 
 to the left 
 
 ila ash shimal 
 
 to the rear 
 
 ila el khalf 
 
 transfer 
 
 intiqal 
 
 transport [redoubt 
 
 hamleh 
 
 trenches, rampart, 
 
 mitras 
 
 troops 
 
 'asakir 
 
 „ (regular) 
 
 nizam 
 
 ,, (reserve) 
 
 redif 
 
 trot 
 
 ilgar 
 
 trumpet 
 
 boori 
 
 tunic 
 
 sitrah 
 
 undress (daily dress) 
 
 el libs el yomi 
 
 uniform 
 
 kiswah 
 
 valise 
 
 garabandiyet sawari 
 
 vedette 
 
 dideban sawari 
 
 veterinary surgeon 
 
 hakym betary 
 
 victory 
 
 zafar, intisar 
 
 village-chief 
 
 shekh el beled 
 
 walk (at a horse's) 
 
 ashkin 
 
 war 
 
 harb 
 
61 
 
 English. 
 
 AnABic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 water-bottle 
 
 zamzamleh 
 
 wheeling 
 
 dawaran 
 
 .wing, left 
 
 sol-qol 
 
 wing, right 
 
 sagh-qol 
 
 wounded 
 
 magruh, mabtuh 
 
 wound in the head 
 
 hatha 
 
 (contusion) 
 
 , 
 
 he rose from the ranks 
 
 itraqqamin taht es silah. 
 
 34. Useful and 
 
 At last ! 
 
 allow me 
 
 are you hungry? [eyes 
 
 be careful, open your 
 
 begone, ) 
 
 go to the devil J 
 
 by all means 
 
 certainly 
 
 come back 
 
 come here 
 
 come in 
 
 do you hear ? 
 
 do you know ? 
 
 excuse mel 
 
 forgive mej 
 
 from here 
 
 good-bye 
 
 go away 
 
 go on 
 
 give me 
 
 how many times ? 
 
 holloa there ! oh you ! 
 
 immediately (in this 
 
 time) 
 impossible ! 
 in front of 
 in future (afterwards) 
 it means [i.e.) 
 make haste 
 many thanks 
 
 Necessary Expressions. 
 
 akhiran ! 
 ismah li 
 enta g'aan 
 iftah aynak 
 
 imshi 
 
 ala kuU hal 
 
 labudd, maliim, na'am 
 
 irga' 
 
 ta'ala hen^ 
 
 idkhol, hoosh 
 
 inta sama' ? 
 
 inta arif, or taaraf ? 
 
 samih ni, or ma ti-a-khiznish 
 
 min heni, 
 
 ma 'es-salama 
 
 ruh min hena 
 
 imshi 
 
 iddi-ni, a'atee-ni 
 
 kam marrah ? 
 
 ya enta ! 
 
 fil waqt, halau 
 
 ma yumkinsh ! 
 
 qoddam 
 
 iil qabil (baa'den) 
 
 yaani 
 
 kawwam, bil' a'gal 
 
 barakat warsin 
 
62 
 
 English. 
 
 never mind 
 
 no 
 
 take care ! 
 
 tell me 
 
 thanks 
 
 thank you 
 
 that's another thing 
 
 the sooner the better 
 
 (to-day, before to-mor- 
 
 to the rear ! [row) 
 
 very bad 
 
 very much 
 
 very nice 
 
 very often (much) 
 
 very well • 
 
 what ? 
 
 what is this for ? 
 
 what is this ? 
 
 who is there ? 
 
 who is this ? 
 
 why ? 
 
 yes 
 
 Ababic— Phonetic Prommciation. 
 
 ma' alesh 
 
 la . 
 
 awaa!, 'oa ! 
 
 qul-li 
 
 shokr 
 
 allah yahfaz-ak 
 
 deh shay tani 
 
 en nahar da qabl bukra 
 
 li wara ! 
 
 radi, Ml hamm 
 
 keteer qawi 
 
 kuweyis khalis 
 
 ketir 
 
 tayyib, azim 
 
 aish huwa ?, esh deh ? 
 
 'ala e deh ? 
 
 deh eh deh ? 
 
 min henak ? 
 
 da man deh ? 
 
 ley? 
 
 na'am, aywa. 
 
 35. Simple and Practical Phrases. 
 
 Alas ! akhkh ! 
 
 fi khabar ? 
 enteh mistaagil ? 
 ala keyfak 
 
 any news V 
 
 are you in a hurry ? 
 
 as you like (to your 
 
 pleasure) 
 bring a light here 
 bring me 
 bring me a chair 
 call the servant 
 come back 
 do not annoy me 
 do not forget 
 don't tell him 
 do you think ? 
 do yon understand ? 
 do as you please, 1 
 please yourself j 
 
 hat nur henS, 
 
 gib li, hat-li 
 
 hat kursi 
 
 indah al khaddam 
 
 erga 
 
 ma tizaalnlsh 
 
 ma tinsash 
 
 ma taqul-lush 
 
 inta teftekr, or inta tezonn? 
 
 inta f ilhim, or fahemt ? 
 
 bikhatrak 
 
03 
 
 English. 1 
 
 get up 
 give him 
 
 give him a second one 
 give me [one 
 
 give me a different 
 give me a little of 
 go back [this 
 
 go more slowly 
 go more quickly 
 good evening 
 good morniii g to you ! 
 he appealed (against 
 
 the judgment of a 
 
 Court of Justice) 
 he is a liar 
 he is drunk 
 he is under my 
 
 orders (hand) 
 he is very angry 
 he is ill [himself 
 he learned Arabic by 
 he told me 
 hold your tongue,] 
 
 (shut up) (end) J 
 how do you do ? 
 how many ? 
 how many piastres ? 
 how much ? 
 how much do you 
 
 sell this (it) for? 
 how must we go 
 
 to ? 
 
 I am astonished 
 T am going 
 I am not able 
 I am sorry he did 
 
 not come 
 I assure you 
 I have not 
 I am angry with you 
 I am cold 
 
 Arabic. — ^Phonotic Pronunciation. 
 
 kum 
 
 iddi — h, or iddi-loh 
 
 „ , „ tani 
 
 indi-ni, a'atee-ni 
 iddi-ni wahid ghairoh 
 iddi-ni showayyah min deh 
 erga 
 
 imshi bishwoesh 
 imshi bil'agal 
 misakum bil-kher 
 sabah el-khair 1 
 istAnaf 
 
 huwa kaddab 
 huwa sakran 
 huwa taht ydy 
 
 huwa zaalan ketir 
 
 huwa ayyan 
 
 t'allam el 'araby wahido bi-nefsoh 
 
 huwa qal ni 
 
 uskut (ikhlas) 
 
 salAmdt ?, ez-zaykom ? 
 
 kam, or kadr ayh ? 
 
 kam qirsh ? 
 
 kam? 
 
 tibeea-deh bikam ? 
 
 'anhu at tarlk ila — 
 
 ana mota-aggib 
 ana ra-yih 
 ma yumkinnish 
 illy ma gash 
 
 ana a-akkid lak 
 ma andish 
 ana za'alan wiyyak 
 ana bardan 
 
C4 
 
 English. 
 
 Aeabic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 I am hungry 
 
 I am not hungry 
 
 I am tired [to it 
 
 I am hot accustomed 
 
 I am wrong 
 
 I cannot 
 
 I do not care 
 
 I do not know 
 
 I do not speak Arabic 
 
 I do not want other 
 people to see 
 
 I have no appetite 
 
 I have no passport 
 
 I hve at — 
 
 I never saw him 
 
 I want 
 
 I want to eat 
 
 I want to buy 
 
 I will not 
 
 if you please 
 
 is everything ready ? 
 
 it is not necessary 
 
 it is your fault 
 
 it is not my fault (the 
 truth is to you) 
 
 it is raining hard 
 
 it is too late 
 
 it is very hot 
 
 keep to the right 
 
 knock at the door 
 
 lend me 
 
 let me help you 
 
 light the candle 
 
 light the fire 
 
 lock the door 
 
 make haste 
 
 my words have made ' 
 no impression on 
 him (he did not 
 hear my word) 
 
 oh! how dirty you are' 
 
 ana ga-an 
 
 ana moosh ga-an 
 
 ana taaban 
 
 ana ma leesh adali fih 
 
 el haqq alaya 
 
 ma aqdarsh 
 
 ana ma ala ball 
 
 ma arafsh 
 
 ana ma bet-kallimshi bil- 
 
 irif loh 
 
 ma leesh nafs 
 
 ma 'andish tezkereh 
 
 ana sakin fi — ■ 
 
 ma shuftush abadan 
 
 ana a-wiz, or ana ii-yiz 
 
 ana awiz dkul 
 
 ana awiz ishtiri 
 
 ana moosh radi 
 
 min fadlak 
 
 kull shy hader ? 
 
 mush lazim 
 
 al-hakk alayk 
 
 ana ma 'andish ayb 
 
 el yamtor qawi 
 
 wakhri ketlr, or waktrah 
 
 harr ketir 
 
 hallyk 'ala yiminak 
 
 ikhbat al bab 
 
 sallif ni 
 
 hally anuak 
 
 walla al shamaa' 
 
 walla en-nar 
 
 ikfil al bab bil-keilun 
 
 bil-agal 
 
 kalamy ma sama'ush 
 
 ya ! ma-enteh wisikh 
 
 arabi 
 
English. 
 
 open the door 
 permit me 
 
 ring the bell 
 
 shut the door 
 
 sit down 
 speak plainly 
 speak the truth ! 
 take care ! no lies ! 
 take it 
 
 tell him [straight) 
 tell the truth (it 
 thank you 
 that's enough ! 
 there is no harm 
 they are all alike 
 this 'annoys me very 
 wait here [much 
 wait until he comes 
 walk slowly 
 ' we will eat 
 what are you doing ? 
 what did he say ? 
 what does it eon- 
 tain ? 
 what do you say ? 
 what do you want ? 
 what have you got ? 
 what is that ? [ence ? 
 what is the differ- 
 what is the matter ? 
 what is the news ? 
 what is this ? 
 what is to be done ? 
 what is your name ? 
 what is your opinion? 
 what makes you 
 
 angry? , . .,„ 
 what o'clock is it ! 
 what pay does he get? 
 
 Ababic. — Phonetic Pronunciation. 
 
 iftah al bab 
 ismah-li, or i-zin-li 
 
 ( rinn el garas, 
 
 |dokk al garas 
 
 fikfil al bab 
 
 (rudd el bab, 
 tafaddul uq'ud 
 taqallam bil'illi 
 kul bil hakk ! 
 ihtazar ! ma takdibsh ! 
 khud-oh 
 qiil-lo 
 qiil dugry 
 kattar kheirak 
 bess !, bess ziadeh ! 
 ma fish darar 
 qollohom zay ba'ad 
 dell yizaalni ketir 
 istannah hensl 
 istanna liben mil yigy 
 imshi ala mulilak 
 'auzin nakul 
 bitemil ayh ? 
 qal ayh? 
 fih ayh? 
 
 bitqul ayh ? 
 auz eh ? 
 ayh 'andak ? 
 ayh deh ? 
 al fark ayh ? 
 el kliabar ayh ? 
 al khabar ayh ? 
 aysh huwa ? 
 al amal ayh ? 
 ismak e ? 
 takhminak e ? 
 enta zaalan layh ? 
 
 es sa'a kam ? 
 mahiyetoh kam ? 
 
CG 
 
 English. 
 
 what shall I do ? 
 where are you ? 
 where are you going ? 
 where do you live V 
 where is he now ? 
 which house is yours ? 
 which horse will you 
 ride? 
 
 Aeabic— Phonetic Pronnnciation. 
 
 ana a'mil izzily ? 
 enteh fen ? 
 enla aih fein ? 
 inta sakin fen? 
 fen hoafen el yum ? 
 anhee bet betak ? 
 anhoo hosan tirkab ? 
 
 will you allow me ? 
 
 tismah li ? 
 
 will you oblige me ? 
 
 min alayya, or amil maaroof ? 
 
 will you take this ? 
 
 takhod deh ? 
 
 who told you ? 
 
 min qal lak ? 
 
 you must go now 
 
 lazim teruh dilwakt 
 
 you are late 
 
 enteh it-akhkhart 
 
 you are right (the 
 
 
 truth is in your ■ 
 
 el haqq hi ydak. 
 
 hands) 
 
 
 36. Commerc 
 
 ial and Trading Terms. 
 
 Bale 
 
 b Ell ah 
 
 bank 
 
 bank 
 
 buy (to) 
 
 ishtara 
 
 calico 
 
 bafta, shash 
 
 capital 
 
 ras al-mal 
 
 counting-house 
 
 niaktab 
 
 credit (on) 
 
 shukuk 
 
 debt 
 
 dain 
 
 leather 
 
 gild 
 
 letter of exchange 
 
 hawala, kambiala 
 
 linen 
 
 kuttan 
 
 loan 
 
 sulfa 
 
 loss 
 
 khasarah 
 
 merchant 
 
 tagir 
 
 package 
 
 fardali 
 
 pay to — 
 
 dafa' — , wafa — 
 
 per cent 
 
 bil miyah 
 
 profit 
 
 fayidah, maksab 
 
 seU (to) 
 
 ba'a 
 
 silk 
 
 harir 
 
 weight 
 
 wazn, tuql 
 
 wool 
 
 suf. 
 
07 
 
 English. 
 
 AiiABic. — Phouetic Proumiciatiou. 
 
 37. Directions to Workmen, 
 
 Bring a lioe 
 
 bring a basliet 
 
 bring rope 
 
 dig here 
 
 take from before you 
 
 take from behind you 
 
 make it more wide 
 
 deeper yet 
 
 go down deeper 
 
 go down to water 
 
 go down to native 
 
 earth 
 go thus 
 take care of it 
 ■leave it complete 
 turn it over 
 do not break the 
 
 bricks 
 are there mud brick.^ 
 
 or burnt bricks ? 
 limestone 
 sandstone 
 granite 
 basalt 
 flint 
 gravel 
 sand ■ 
 mud 
 
 chips (rough stone) 
 work ! oh boy 
 pull, push 
 turn it 
 come and measure 
 
 the work 
 but measure it 
 how much are the 
 
 wages ? 
 
 hat turyeh (u) ; /re- (l) 
 hat ghalaq (muktaf) 
 hat habl 
 ifhat heneh 
 imsek min qoddam 
 imsek min warra 
 'amalo wasah ziadeh 
 ghawit lissa 
 inzel wati lissa 
 inzel lil moj eh 
 inzel lil 'ard 9ahih 
 
 mashi kcddeh' 
 
 beshowesh min deb 
 
 khalliu salim 
 
 iglibu 
 
 ma tiksar-ush el tub 
 
 fi tub ntiy aw tub ahmar ? 
 
 hagar abiad, or liagar gir 
 
 hagar ramleh 
 
 hagar sowan 
 
 hagar iswud 
 
 sowan 
 
 hasweh 
 
 ramleh 
 
 tin 
 
 dabsh 
 
 ishtaghal ya weled 
 
 shil, shidd 
 
 dawwar-oh 
 
 taaleh, kees esh-shughl 
 
 m'teqis-oh 
 el ujra kam ? 
 
 F 2 
 
68 
 
 Eiiglisli. 
 
 Arabic. — Plionctic Pronunciation. 
 
 the work is by the daj 
 
 , esh shoghul bil yom 
 
 „ ,, measure 
 
 ,, „ bilqias 
 
 this is very tough 
 
 deh ayabis kh^lis 
 
 I cannot lift it up 
 
 ma aqdarsh asheel-oh 
 
 it is needful to have 
 
 lazim nas ziadeh 
 
 more men 
 
 1 
 
 ornament (-ed) 
 
 j rasm (mersum) 
 
 inscription (inscribed] 
 
 kitabeh (maktub) 
 
 mound of ruins 
 
 kom, or tell 
 
 potsherds 
 
 shuqf 
 
 cemetery 
 
 jabbana 
 
 grave 
 
 turbeh, plu. turab. 
 
 38. Religious Words for Missionary Workers. 
 
 Jesus Christ 
 
 yasooa' el masih 
 
 life 
 
 hayat 
 
 death 
 
 mot 
 
 right (justice) 
 
 haqq 
 
 wrong (mistake) 
 
 ghalat 
 
 praise 
 
 hamd 
 
 spirit 
 
 ruh 
 
 heaven 
 
 sama 
 
 peace 
 
 salam 
 
 heart 
 
 qalb 
 
 mind 
 
 'aql 
 
 faith 
 
 em an 
 
 love 
 
 mahabba 
 
 believe 
 
 aman 
 
 prayer (pray) 
 
 sala (salla) 
 
 hope 
 
 raja 
 
 whosoever 
 
 meen 
 
 give 
 
 iddi 
 
 receive 
 
 qabal 
 
 overlasting 
 
 abadi 
 
 loit (lose) 
 
 mafqud 
 
 died 
 
 mat 
 
 substitute 
 
 nayib 
 
 instead of 
 
 bedel 'an 
 
 blood 
 
 dam 
 
 forgiveness 
 
 simah 
 
69 
 
 English. 
 
 Arabic. — Phonetic Prouiiuciation. 
 
 forgive 
 
 samah 
 
 sins 
 
 khataya 
 
 trust 
 
 tiqa 
 
 enter in 
 
 dakhal 
 
 salvation 
 
 khalas 
 
 holy spirit 
 
 er kooh el quds 
 
 holiness 
 
 qadasa 
 
 clean 
 
 nadif 
 
 thoughts 
 
 afk4r 
 
 words 
 
 kalimat 
 
 seek 
 
 otlob 
 
 find 
 
 wajad 
 
 hear 
 
 sami'a 
 
 know 
 
 'araf 
 
 gladness 
 
 inbisat 
 
 obey 
 
 tow. 
 
 39. Weights and Measures, 
 WEIGHT. 
 
 144 dirhems or 96 metcals) 
 
 make 1 rotl or pound} 
 
 100 rotl make 1 kantar = 
 
 The oqqa is 400 dirhems = 
 
 LENGTH 
 
 1 qasab ... ... ... = 
 
 The principal measure for ) 
 
 cloth and silk is the ^w/cj 
 
 SURFACE. 
 
 The feddan, or acre, is 400) 
 square qasab ... ...J 
 
 CAPACITY. 
 
 24 robs make 1 ardeb (5'44 bushels). 
 
 N.B. The metric system is commonly used for weight and length, 
 
 •991bs. avdp. Engl, value 
 
 99-051bs. 
 2-751bs. 
 
 lift. 7-76in. English. 
 26-8 English inches. 
 
 = 1 acre C rods. 
 
 Note. Those desirous o£ continuing the study of the Arabic 
 
 Languatye in its classical form on the same system of translitera- 
 tion and with the Arabic characters, are recommended to use 
 Thimm's " Arabic Self-Taught," containing Elementary Grammar, 
 Vocabulary, and Dictionary, 2/-, cloth, 2/6. 
 
 E. Mablboeough & Co., London. 
 
70 
 
 Egyptian Money. 
 
 Egyptian Value. Systematic Name. English Value. 
 1 Millieme = id. 
 
 10 Milliemes 1 Piastre or Qirsh = 2id. 
 
 ABABIC NAME. 
 
 Egyptian , 
 
 MONISY, " 
 
 English 
 Money. 
 
 
 Piastres. 
 
 BliU'ines. 
 
 £ 
 
 ». 
 
 d. 
 
 Gold Coins. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gineh Mauri (the 
 Egyptian pound), 
 Nuss Gineh ..> 
 
 100 
 50 
 
 1000 
 500 
 
 1 
 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 Silver Coins. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Iliildl M(wl 
 
 20 
 
 200 
 
 — 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 Nuns liiydl 
 
 10 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 '} 
 
 RuVa liiydl 
 
 6 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 Qlrslimi 
 
 2 
 
 20 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 '5' 1 
 
 Qirsh (Piastre) 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 21 
 
 ISjckel Coins. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nuns (Jirsh 
 
 i 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 — 
 
 1 
 
 2 Milliemes 
 1 Millieme 
 
 TO 
 T^O 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 AMliillCAN 
 MONJiV. 
 
 Dols. Cent-, 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 25 
 
 There are Copper pieces of h and J Millieme 
 (2 Paras and 1 Para pieces) ; these are used only by 
 the very poor. 
 
 Kotr. — English tourists are recommended to have their 
 credit notes cashed in English Gold. The following 
 are valued as under — 
 
 Piastres. Millidmes. 
 
 The English Sovereign {£!) = 97.5 
 The French Napoleon (20f.) = 77. 1| 
 
71 
 
 TURKISH LANGUAGE. 
 
 THIMM'S "TURKISH SELF-TAUGHT."— An original system 
 on the simplest principles, for Universal Self-Tuition. Containing 
 words generally in use, easy and necessary Colloquial Phrases and 
 Dialogues, Elementary Grammar and Dictionary. With complete 
 English Pronunciation of every word, Table of Coins, etc. Revised 
 with additions, by C. A. Thimm, P.R.G.S., and edited by Abu Said 
 and Professor G. Hagopian. 2/-, Cloth, 2/G. 
 
 " ' Turkish Self-Taueht ' is an easy and cheap guide to those wlio wish 
 to acquire a coUociual acquaintance with Turkish, and we strongly com- 
 mend it to the notice of Mr. Gladstone." — Golburn's U^iited Sei-vice 
 Mngaziiic. 
 
 [Facsimile letter from the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone to 
 the Author.] 
 
 k)u^au^^V / M^H^k ipP^ J'^ y-^ 
 
 ClrUXitn'C^ k^ ^U.^-*6iaX 'i^t.'.^^ ^piA'lyy^ 
 
 •THIMM (C. A.), Turkish, Eussian, English and French 
 Vocabulary and Dialogues for Travellers and others in 
 the East. 12mo. Cloth ... ... - — 2/0 
 
 *The only Phrase Book published in England for those languages. 
 Used by Officers passing for the Staff College Examinations in Eussian and 
 Turkish. - - 
 
 " As these books set forth in a clear and accurate manner the words and 
 phrases in common use, they will be of invaluable service to linguistic 
 itudents travellers, and all desirous of acqumng conversational fluency m 
 the respective languages taught."— Dundee Courier. 
 
 " Userul little works, destined to find themselves ere long in the hands 
 of aU beginners.— liroad Arrow. . ^. . , . , 
 
 "These books possess the advantage of being the best of their kind 
 published in England, and the matter introduced into their pages m the 
 term of dialogue! and idiomatic expressions is such as will be found of the 
 greatest utmty to travellers as well as students."-^Pjrate(J Service Ganette. 
 
 London:— E. MARLBOROUGH & Co,, PuWishers, 81, Old Bailey, E.C. 
 
EUROPEAN* ORIENTAL LANGUAGES. 
 
 Messrs. E. MARLBOROUGH & Co.'s 
 
 CATALOGUE 
 
 OF WORKS FOB THE STUDY OP 
 
 MODERN LANGUAGES, 
 
 ADAPTED FOE nSE IN 
 
 COLLEGES, SCHOOLS, and for SELF-INSTRUCTION. 
 
 The study of Foreign Languages having become general, the 
 methods of teaching them have altered and improved, uniting the 
 changes philology has suggested, with those which the comparison 
 of languages has taught. 
 
 These manuals by their simple and progressive system, give the 
 student an interest and incentive to master his subject, whereas, 
 in other works of this class, too great a space is often devoted to 
 difficult, tedious and complicated rules, bewildering both to the 
 learner and teacher. 
 
 The METHODS adopted in the MARLBOROVOH SERIES 
 of publications are intended to teach languages quickly and easily, 
 and are adapted to every capacity. They remove unnecessary 
 difficulties, while imparting the grammatical and conversational 
 knowledge so essential for professional and business careers. 
 
 As will be seen, most of these books have gone through several 
 Editions, the new issues being carefully revised from time to time, 
 and brought up to date. 
 
 The above Catalogue sent gratis on application. 
 
 Registered Telegraphic Address ;—" MARLBOROUGH— LONDON." 
 
 London:— E. MARLBOROUGH & Co., Publishers, 51, Old Bailey, E.C. 
 
1/0 
 
 . -■ STEP. FOB NUR3ERY AND JUNIOR SCHOOL 
 
 m (F,), The Chiia-B German Book. 7th edition. 12mo., oloth ~ 1/0 
 
 11- STEP. FOR SCHOOL AND SELF-INSTRUCTION. 
 
 HIMM (0. A.) Qerman Bolf-Taugjjt ~ 
 
 ffith Phonefcio Prominciatiou, Vocabularies, Elementary Urammar, 
 diomatio Phrases and Dialogues, Travel Talk, Photography, Cycling 
 Ivo,, blue wrapper... ... ... .. ... ;.. 
 
 IHN (F.), Interlinear German Reading Book. (Hamiltoniaii System.) 
 'With the literal English translation of every word. 8vo., Limp Oloth ... 1/0 
 lAHN (Franz), German Tales and Stories, for progressive reading. 
 BsviBed and Edited with English Notes by 0. A. Thmm, f.b.g.s. 3rd 
 Edition. 8vo. Cloth. (In the Press). 
 
 IffiNOK (F.), The German Letter- Writer, (flmtst^r ■gtahitHtt.) 
 'With Forms of Polite German Correspondence and English Explanatory 
 ;Note8. 8vo. wrapper ... ... ... ... ... ... l/o 
 
 EiSSNER (Mathias), German and English Commercial Correspondence. . 
 Sro. fawn wrapper ... ... ... ... ... ... 1/0 
 
 Or bound in Cloth Boards ■■- -• ■■• ... ... 1/6 
 
 III. STEP. FOR CLASS-READING. EXAMINATIONS, & SELF-STUDY. 
 
 HE MARLBOROUGH SERIES OF GERMAN CLASSICS. 
 
 ELEMENTARY SERIES. GERMAN COMEDIES. 
 
 HMID (Ohrlstoph von), German Plays. With English Notes by A. E. Hill. 
 Die Erdbeeren. Der kleine Kaminfeger. 12mo., Paper Wrapper ... 9d 
 Der Blumenkranz. Der Eierdieb. 12mo., Paper Wrapper 9d. 
 
 ; Emma oder die kindliche Liebe. 12mo., Paper Wrapper Od. 
 
 Or the three parts bound in one volume. Cloth 2/6 
 
 SECOND SERIES. CLASSICAL GERMAN DRAMAS. 
 (With English Notes by Mathias Meissner.) 
 CHILLER (Friedrichvon), Der Neffe als Onkel, [The Nephew as Unole], 
 Sndedition. 12mo. Cloth ... ... ... ... ... ... i/q 
 
 ( ), Wilhelm Tell, [William Tell] . 3rd edition. 12mo. Cloth ... 1/6 
 
 ( 1, Maria Stuart, [Mary Stuart] . Srd edition. 12mo. Cloth... 1/8 
 
 , ,, Die Jung&au von Orleans, [The Maid of Orleans] . 
 3na edition. 12mo. Cloth ... ... ... ... ... ... 1/6 
 
 lOBTHB, B^mont, [Egmont. A Tragedy] . 
 With English Notes by 0. von Wegnern. 2nd edition. 12mo. Oloth ... 1/6 
 
 ADVANCED SERIES. GERMAN PROSE. 
 (Collection of celebrated Tales and Novels of Germany.) 
 DPFMANN, (G. T. A.), Das Fraulein von Scuderi. 12mo. Cloth ... 1/0 
 I8KBL (Gottfried), Der Hauskrieg. 2nd edition. 12mo. Oloth ... 1/0 
 ESSING. Fabein, [Fables in Prose and Verse] . With English Notes by 
 
 A. E.Hill. 12mo. Cloth ... .- . ;;• . . - .^ }(S 
 
 8CH0KKE (Heinrich), DasAbenteuer der Neujahrsnacht ... ... 10 
 
 A Der Todte Gast. Novelle. 2nd edition. 12mo. Cloth ... 1/0 
 
 Idon:— E MARLBOROUGH & Co., PnMsliers, 51, Old Bailey. E.G. 
 
THIMM'S " SELF-TAUGHl LIBRARY. 
 
 An ENTIRELY NEW Series based on an Original System, and arranged on 
 the simplest principles for Universal SELF-TUITION. Adapted for use in 
 Colleges and Schools. Containing the ELEMENTARY GRAMMAR, Vocabu- 
 laries of words in general use, easy and necessary Colloquial Phrases, Idiomatic 
 Expressions and Dialogues, TRAVEL TALK, Tables of Moneys, Weights and 
 Measures, &o., with PHONETIC PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 ALL UNIFORM CROWN 8vo. SIZE. 
 
 FRENCH SELF-TAUQHI 
 
 QERH&N M — ••• ••• »• 
 
 ITALIAN „ 
 
 SPANISH „ 
 
 NORWEGIAN „ 
 
 EGYPTIAN (Arabic) SELF-TAUGHT ... ;.. 
 
 TURKISH SELF-TAUGHT 
 
 ARABIC (Syrian) 
 
 LA LANGUB ANOLAISE SANS MAITRE 
 
 .BNOIiIBH SBI.F-TAUOHT FOR THB PRBNCH.) 
 
 OER ENGLISCHE DOLMETSCHER 
 
 (BNOLIBH BBIiF-TADGHT FOB OBRUANS.' 
 
 The Marlborongli Series of FOREIGN COMMERCIAL C06RESP0NDENGS. 
 
 With Phraseology, Alphabetical List of Merchandise, Commercial Termi, 
 
 and Tables of Moneys, Weights and Measures, for Commercial Institutions and 
 
 Practical Use In the Counting House. 
 
 All ttniform in 8vo, siie and neatly sewn in Fawn wrapper, price 1/0 each. 
 
 Bound in Cloth, price i/6 each, or the four Parts bound in One vomme, 
 
 Cloth. 510 net. 
 
 FRENCH & ENGLISH COMMERCIAL CORRESPONDENCE, by A. Dudevant. 
 
 GERMAN & ENGLISH „ „ by Mathias Meissner. 
 
 ITALIAN & ENGLISH „ „ by G. Marchettl 
 
 SPANISH & ENGLISH „ „ by D. Salvo. 
 
 Wnppar. 
 
 
 Olotli 
 
 1/0 
 
 ••• 
 
 1/6 
 
 1/0 
 
 ••• 
 
 1/6 
 
 1/0 
 
 •t* 
 
 1/6 
 
 1/0 
 
 ■•• 
 
 16 
 
 2/0 
 
 ■•• 
 
 26 
 
 2/0 
 
 •.. 
 
 2/6 
 
 2/0 
 
 •«• 
 
 2/6 
 
 2/0 
 
 ••• 
 
 a/6 
 
 1/6 
 
 #•• 
 
 2/0 
 
 1/6 
 
 ■•• 
 
 2/0 
 
 PHRASE AND CONVERSATION BOOKS. 
 
 THIMM (Franz), Traveller's Practical Manual of Conversation in four 
 Languages ; Snglish, German, f'rench, and Italian. I6mo. Boards ... 1/0 
 
 THIMM (C. A.), Turkish, Russian, English and French Vocabulary and 
 Dialogues for Travellers and others in the Ea^jt. 12mo. Cloth ... 2/0 
 
 THE MARLBOROUGH SERIES OF 
 
 FOREIGN WASHING BOOKS. 
 
 COMPLETE FOREIGN WASHING LISTS, FOR BOTH SEXES, 
 Compiled by Captain C. A. THIMM, F.R.G.S. 
 
 WITH COUNTERFOILS IN ENGLISH, Alphabetically nrrauged for practical 
 use by Tourists, Travellers, Sportsmen, Cyclists, and others. 
 All uniform in 8vo. siee, and neatly sewn in dark red lora^ers. 
 COMPLETE FRENCH WASHING BOOKS 
 „ GERMAN „ 
 
 „ ITALIAN 
 ,, SPANISH 
 „ NORWEGIAN 
 
 - PRICE 6d. each 
 
 londOD :— E. MARLBORO UGH ft Co.. Pnblishers. M . Old Bailey, E.G. 
 

 DATE DUE 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 S€^- 
 
 -H9?0-wt 
 
 ►r 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cornell University Library 
 PJ 6779.T58 1898 
 
 Egyptian self-taught (Arabic) with Engli 
 
 3 1924 026 898 043