CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY THE WORDSWORTH COLLECTION FOUNDED BY CYNTHIA MORGAN ST. JOHN THE GIFT OF VICTOR EMANUEL OF THE CLASS OF I919 WESTMORELAND DIALECT IN FOUR FAMILIAR DIALOGUES, IN WHICH AN ATTEMPT IS MADE TO ILLUSTRATE THE PROVINCIAL IDIOM. BY MRS. ANN WHEELER. A NEW EDITION. TO WHICH IS ADDED A COPIOUS GLOSSARY OF WESTMORELAND AND CUMBERLAND WORDS. LONDON: JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 4, OLD COMPTON STREET, SOHO. M DCCCXL. ftSW y ^ GREENWICH : PRINTED BY HENRY S. RICHARDSON, STOCKWELL STREET. CONTENTS, Page. Dedication , ix To the Reader xi Prefatory Discourse 13 Dialogue I. — Between Ann and Mary upon running away from a bad husband 15 Dialogue II. — Between Betty, Aggy, and Jennet, upon the loss of a husband 39 Dialogue III. — Between Sarah and Jennet; or the humours of a Coquette in low life displayed 53 Dialogue IV. — Between Barbary and Mary, containing ob- servations and remarks on a journey to London 69 Song by Mrs. Ann Wheeler 87 The Kirby Feight 89 The Appleby School-boy's Speech 90 The Brigsteer Peat-leader's Speech ib. Mrs. Ann Wheeler, the Authoress of the four following Dialogues in the Westmoreland Dialect, was the daughter of Edward and Eleanor Coward, of Cartmel, where she was born and educated. When a young woman she tvent to London and remained there for eighteen years, part of which time she lived as housekeeper in a gentleman's family. She left her situation to marry a person of the name of Wheeler, the captain of a vessel in the Guinea trade. On the death of her husband, she returned to her native county to live with her brother, Mr. W. M. Coward, at Arnside Tower, where she wrote the Westmoreland Dialect; Strictures on the Inhabitants of a Market Town; Female Restoration ; Acco and Ego, a dialogue ; besides seve- ral other pieces never published, but which she left prepared for the press. Mrs. Wheeler died at Arnside Tower, on the 2nd of November, 1804, aged G9, and was buried within the chancel of Beetham church. She left a guinea to the Vicar to preach her funeral sermon from Psalm xciv, 19. By all who knew her she was highly esteemed as an affectionate, charitable woman. TO JAMES WEARING, ESQ., KNOWSLEY. Sir, I have ventured to introduce the following sheets into the world under your patronage, sensible that your name will give celebrity to the slender performance. You will pardon the liberty I have taken in addressing the Westmoreland Dialect to your protection; under your auspices it may, in some degree, share the laurels with Tim Bobbin. Novelty may recommend it to the Ladies ; and if I am happy enough to gain the opinion of my DEDICATION. own sex, the Gentlemen are seldom so un- polite as to disapprove of what the Ladies have received into their favour. I wish that you may long enjoy health and every blessing that can contribute to your happiness ; and am, Sir, With the greatest esteem, Your obedient and most humble Servant, A. W. Arnside Tower. 1790. TO THE READER. QTRUCK with a dialect, which, to the Authoress, from her long residence in other parts of the kingdom, appeared quite novel, she was determined to try what kind of orthography could be formed from it, and ac- cordingly wrote the Dialogue between Ann and Mary, without any intention of its ever appearing in print; this she read to some friends, who persuaded her to add some more Dialogues and publish them, presuming that they might afford an agreeable amusement to those who take a pleasure in observing the progress towards im- provement which is daily making in the dialect of every district, and the great difference which exists between the dialect of the country and town, though in the same county. In the Dialogue between Sarah and Jennet, she has, as far as she was able, stuck close to nature, and attempted to delineate the heart of a XU TO THE READER. rural coquette, whose ideas seem to be the same as those of the modern town lady, only allowing for the difference of education : to give pain seems to be the summum bonum of both. In all the Dialogues she has endeavoured to convey the ideas of the people in the stations of life she has fixed upon : how far she has suc- ceeded she does not presume to say, but if she is happy enough to amuse her readers, she will think herself sufficiently recompensed. Such as find fault with the orthography used in the Dialogues, are desired to remember that pro- vincial orthography is one of the most difficult tasks of literature; for, in the application of letters to sounds and pronunciation, scarcely two people think alike. As a female she hopes for lenity, and that her faults will be overlooked; to the candid and humane she appeals, and to them she wishes to submit her errors, being convinced that their judgments will be tempered with mercy. A PREFATORY DISCOURSE. T KN A mony of my readers will think, nay en say, I hed lile et dea tae rite sic maapment about nae body knas wha ; I mud hev fund mitch better employment in a cuntry hause, tae mind milkiness, sarra th coafs, leak heftert pigs en hens, spin tow for bord claiths en sheets ; it wod hev been mitch mair farently then ritin books, a wark ets fit for nin but parson et dea ; but en ea mud rite I sud hev meaad receits for sweet pyes en rice puddins, en takin mauls aut eth claiths, that mud hev done gud, but as tae this, nea yan knas what it means, it's a capper. It wur net ith time of Oliver Crumel ner King Stune, but sum udder king, two men com a girt way off, ameast be Lunon, an they wanted toth gang owar Sand, but when they com an leaked what a fearful way it wur owar, en nae hedges ner torn pike tae be seen, they wur flayed en steud B 14 PREFATORY DISCOURSE. gloarin about net knain what toth dea, when belive a man com ridin up tew em en eshed whaar they wur bawn ; they sed owar Sand, but it wur sic a parlish way they didn't like tae gang, for feard ea been drownt; this mon sed cum gang wie me, I'll tak ye'th seaf owar I'll uphod ye'th ; wie that they set off, an thor men hed bean at a college caod Cambridg, en they thout tae hev sum gam wie their guide, soa as they raidd alang, yan on em sed he wod give a supper an a crawn baul of punch if they cud cap him ea ony six words; they tryd mony a time, but cud net deat. At last they gat seaf owar Sand, en ridin up Shilla, two wimen wur feighten, hed pood yan an udder's caps off en neckcloths ; they steud and leakd et em a lile bit, when th guide cood out "En udder blae el deat." Upon hearing this, our travellers sed yee hev won the wager, for that wur a language unknawn to onny uni- versity. THE WESTMORELAND DIALECT IN FOUR DIALOGUES. DIALOGUE I. Between Ann and Mary, upon running away from a bad husband. Ann. OAE whaar er yee bavvn, yee er sae dond ^ awt ith check happron ? What ails tae ? What haesta been greeten ? Maky. Aye, marry I've enuff tae greet about. Ann. Whya what farts flawn rang naw I preia ? What's Joan an thee fawn awt agayn ? Mary. Aye, Ise gangin tae Lirple wie Peter, I'll stay nin here, I'll nivver leev wie him maar, Ise git a sarvis sum whaar I racken. Ann. Nae daut but thau may, but thaul want to be at heaam agayn. Mary. Nay nivver while I leev, for I've born his ill humour and sorliness ivver sen I wor wed, naw gangin ea eight yeer, an hees ivvery day waars, an I'll bide nea langer, sae gang I will. b 2 16 Ann. But what, hee's nea waars then he wur, is he ? What thau naas him, preia maak yersel yeasy. Mary. When we wor wed he tewk me heaam to leev ith auld end with fadder fowk, it wur sic a spot as yee nivver saw barn, it wur as black as the Dule's nutin bag wie seat, an it reeks yee cannit see yan anudder ; he began wie corsin an lickin me an hees hodden on ivver sen. I doant like cocklin, an gang toth skeer I'll net, an I can nivver spin tow enuff to please him, hees sic a reeden paddock ; last neet he lickd me with steal, threw a teanale wie cockls at me, brack aw me cups an saucers, a tee- pot I gav a grote for at Kendal Fair, threw tee imme een, but I was gaily une wie him for I slat a pot a weatin in his feace, meaad his een sae saar that he cud net hoppen em ; he swaar he wad kill me when he gat haad omma, soa he may, for Ise nivver ane him mair while I leev. Ann. Thau tauks terrably, whya thau wod be teerd in a lile time was tae frae him, what cud tae dea at Lirple, nae yan dar tak the in, a husband has terrable pawer, nae justice can bang him, he can dea what he will wie the, he may lick the, nay hoaf kill the, or leaam the, or clam the, naae sell the, an nae yan dar mell on him. Mary. Oddwhite justice an king teea, for meaakin sic laas, nae yan can bide wie him, an arrant filth ! Hees oways drunk when heeas brass, an then he grudges me saut to me podish, nae he taks brass I git wie spinin tow, an barns an I may clam ith 17 hause, he cares nowt abaut it; leak et me shoon, me coaats, Ise soa mad at him I cud welly hong me sel. Ann. Nae, that wad be wars then runnin away frae him ; he wad like to be rid baith oth wife an barns I racken. Mary. Aye, then he mud gang hefter oth filth ith parish, for thear is not a dannet ith cuntry but he knaas her ; dud not he spend hoaf-a-crawn on a lairly ugly, and stayd oa neet wie her ? Lost poak, hoaf a steaan a woo, a paund a shuger, hoaf a quartern a tee, a conny lile chees. Dule rive him for a drunken foal, its enuff to meaak onny woman mad, but ea godlins I'll match him, as sure as ivver he matchd awr cock at Beetham. Ann. What is he a cocker teya ? Mary. Aye, that he is, he meaad breead for cocks when barns clamd, an lickd lile Tom for brickin a bit oth cock breead, an becaase I tewk up for me nane barn, he up wie his gripen neaf an felt me owar. Ann. Hees fearful nowt I racken, but sum haw I wad nit hae the leaav him. Whya whaarst caw, what yee hae milk an butter ? Mary. Dule tak him he selt her. Yee mun kna we tewk sum gerse for her, it wor tae be a ginny, man com to lait th brass mony time, I towd him it wur a sham he dud nit payt, he sweaar he wad sell her, an like a rascot as he wur, he dreav her to Kirby Fair an selt her, an stayd thear tul he hed b3 18 spent oth brass he gat for her. I thout I shud ea gean craisy I wur sae wae about partin wie her, thof she wor but a lile Scot she gav a conny swoap oa milk, an I've churnd five paund a butter ea week frae her, I cud sumtime selt a paund unknawn tae him, an fadder fowk dud let us chop her intil ther parrak ith winter, sae we dud varra connoly while we hed her : he cud net clam us while we hed a caw, but now oas gean, an leav him I wul. Ann. But what'al becom ath barns? Ise wae about them ? Mary. Whya they mun gang toth cockl skeer wie him, th lads is gayly weel up, an lass is wie her grondy ; for tae leev ith auld end wie th auld fowk I nivver will, for they meaak bad waars an hes ivver sen we wur wed, they er arrant filths ; en he caant dea wieth barns he mun fest em awt. Ann. Aye they er a terrable breed for sartan en thau hed ill luck tae cum amang sic a bad geat. Mary. Aye, en I hed net been wie barn I wad nit hae hed Joan ; but what cudee dea, tother fello et hed tae dea wie me ran away, soa I wur forst to tak this lairly. Ann. When lasses deas sic tricks as that they mun tak it as it leets, what et dow can cum ea sic deains ; but I mun say thau has carried the sel mannerly enuff sen thau wor wed. Mary. Aye, I nivver rangd him, but he has hed deains wie awth lairlys ith parish, an mony a lump ea brass he hes teaan frae his poor barns an me, to 19 carry to trior uglys. But I'll gang an see for cap- tan an kna when he sails, for gang I will, I'll nivver stay an clam hear. Ann. I tell thee barn he dars net tak thee, nea cap tan dar tak anudder man's wife ; whya Joan wad sean clap Willan on his back wur he to tae thee. Mary. What the Dule munea dea ? I'll gang afoat then, for stay I caant ; I'll gang tath sarvis, I'm set ont. Ann. But wha'el tae gang tae barn ? Lirples a girt spot, if tae kna nea yan, theyl nit tak thee in. Mary. Mea cusen Bet's thear, an sent a letter for me to cum, an she wad git me a reet gud pleaase ; sae yee see I hev yan to gang tae, Ise net gangin a sleevles arrant. Bet cud git lile wie bearin peats at Faulsha; she naw gits varra connoly, and sent a letter for me to cum, an man et brout it sed she wur dond varra weel, an waar white stockins an claith shoon ; an why maint I preia ? Ann. Dustay kna whaar she leevs ith Lirple ? Mary. Aye, aye, she leevs at ea yale hause, beeth dock. Ann. Beeth dock ! Whya barn, thear ar twenty docks an ea hundred yale hauses, thaul nivver feend it by that, thau mud as weel leak for to feend a cockl or musel grooin a top a Farlton Knot. I see thaust an arrant maislykin an net fit tae gang frae heaam. Mary. Yeer mistacken, I ken her maister keeps 20 sign oth Teap ; hees a lile stiff fello, with a varra snod feace ; they coo him, they coo him, what toth sham meyas me forgit his neaam ? Ann. What toth Dule sinifies thee knain it, Joan al hefter thee an nivver let thee aleaan, an tak thee brass frae thee, an lick thee beaans sair in toth hargan. Stay et heaam gud lass an spin tow. Mary. Dule may spin tow for me, I'll gang toth sarvis, then Ise nivver fear but don mea sel like udder fowk ; I can dea onny mak a wark in a hause, nowt cums rang toma. Ann. Whya barn, thau mun pleas the sel, but Ise sure thau will nivver dea at Lirple ; tawn's wark is net likt cuntry, their sae mitch waaitin on em, an the ar aw sae praud, thaul nivver larn I daut. Mart. Then I'll gang to Lunon, for I hev two ane breeders thare, yan an ostler, tudder wed varra grand, keeps a varra girt shop, sells oa maks a gardin stuff, cabage, turmits, carrats, an leevs terrable weel, for Joany Garth saa him an wife, she hed mony gowd rings an sum dimont yans on her hands ; naw if I cud git thither I sud be meaad at yance. Ann. Aye, but haw can tae git, wauk thau can- net ? It's a terrable way ; an thau mun git toth kna whaar thee breeders leevs, for was a straanger to gang into Lunon, they wod sean be taken up with baads, an they don em awt varra grand, ea fine claiths, an let em awt sae mitch a week toth men, but lile ath brass cums toth lass her sel. 21 Mary. Whya marry I matter net wha I leev with, for I racken they doont work hard, ner they er nit plaiged wie spinin tow, an as to up wark, whya I like it weel enuff. Ann. Stay at heaam, thau er tae girt a dunce tae gang to Lunon, thaul nivver dea. But whaar leevs te breeders, I preia ? Mary. Whya Joany leevs at sine oth Soo's Heaad an Boats, ith neak ath what toth Dule meyas me fergit street, it's caw market, I kna it's Smith Gate, Smith Street, nay it's Smithfeelt, I kna. Ann. Then it's awt ea Lunon, I racken, if it's a feelt. Mary. Nae it's ith mid mang oth streets, awr Joan says. It's naw cum into my heaad what I'll dea, I've hoaf-a-ginny unnane to onny yan, that I'll pay for gangin up with wagon, an I'll tell it oa raund Ise gangin to Lirple, sae awr Joan al nivver feend me awt, Ise quite thraw him, git but frae him Ise dea ; I dunnet feer an ea six or sewen yeer time, I mappen cum dawn dond in mea silks an satins, wha can tell. Ann. Whya hang thee, thau er farrantly enuff to leak at war thau but dond awt weel. Mary. I'll sean be that, let me yance git to Lunon, I dunnet fear leetin on a pleace; beside my breeders, I kna, wod help me, an I'll nivver send a letter to awr Joan, as lang as I leev, if I thrive ea Lunon, an I nivver hard ev onny that dudn't. Whya thear wur me two cusens, Bet an Mai, went 22 up, an naw they hev claiths wad stond an end, an dond like queans, I've hard mony say, and mass I'll be soa teya, er I'll try. Ann. Aye, but nebbors say they er baith whoors tae sum girt fowk, an that's bad deains, lass. Mary. That's aw spite, nowt ith ward else, an if they be that's nowt tae nea yau, it's mitch better then spinin tow ; but awr nebbors is sic a spiteful gang, if onny lass don her sel a bit better then they, they aw coo her, an if they cud they wad poo her ea bits ; yee nivver hard sic spiteful deains as when awr Nan gat her new bonnet with a white linein an a par a white stockins, they wur ready et stane her. Ann. Marcy on us, times is fearfuly awtered sen I wur a young woman ; we thout it varra mensful to hev a par a worsed stockins with white or yallo clocks in awr awn spinin an knitin, a par a lether shoon we white roands, a gud calimanco or camlet gawn, and a mannerly claith happron, an Hindee silk hankercher for Sundays, a conny daisent mob, an a blak shag hat et wad last us awr life time, an we bout nowt but we thout wheder it wad dea if we sud be poor men's wives, when awrs an I wor wed we cud but meaak neen shilin between us, we baith draad yaa way, an we hed sewen barns born and kirsend, an we bun thre on em to traads, set tother two foret ith ward, an berrid two, leevd thirty yeer tegidder, and when he deed he left mea a conny hause, a parrak, a gardin, an two connv lile mosses, an I feend it varra comfortable teaa 23 dra. But naw ivvery tow spinner is dond awt ith claith shoon an white stockins. Weel may lads be feaard to wed when lasses ligs awt their brass ea gose caps, an girt corls, an sic like gear, fit for nea body but Madam Wilson, an sic like girt gen- telfowk. Mary. Sic things dud varra weel when they wor ith fashon, but naw yee see nea yan bawnt ith worsed stockins et can git white yans, an they dunnet leak weel when fowk is dond in their Sun- day claaths, an young fowk wad be like their nebbors. Ann. Sflesh ! To hear a cockler's wife an a tow spinner tauk a fashons, it wad mae a body spew. When I wor young we hed nea donsin-neets, it wor nit ith fashon for ivvery young lass to be wed wie her happron up, it wor nit ith fashon to keep wedden an kirsenin at seaam time, that com up wie donsin-neets, an girt caps, an corls. Mary. You see ivvery pleaase groos maar grand, ward's prauder then when yee war young : leak at th men haw they er dond, they er as fine as lasses, leak what fine ribans rawnd thar hats, ther vests haw they er tornd dawn, an sic girt buckles ameast oa owar their shoon, rufld shirts an fine neckclaths ; I think they lig their brass awt as badly as lasses ea my mind. Ann. Nivver dud I leak to see sic girt deains, an sic pride croppen intul Storth an Arnside, nowt 24 can awt dea them Ise sure, they are dond awt maar then ony that cums to Beethom Kirk. Mary. Whya they git it an sure they hev a reet to lig it awt oa their backs. I hev hard mony lads say at connyst lasses et cums toth kirk, cums awt of Arnside an Storth. Ann. Wiltae gang heaam an settel the sel, to the wark, an I care nowt what they dea wie ther brass. Mary. Nay nivver while ea leev, I'll gang reet to Lankester an frae thear to Lunon, and when gitten a pleaas Ise send yee word haw I like. Ann. Thaurt a reet hard-harted lairly, that can torn the back oth barns ; what hae they dun at the, poor things : for sham, gang heaam an meaak it up wie Joan, an stay wie th lads. Mary. What an be lickd an clamd ? Ann. Thau caant be ill clamd an seaav hoaf-a- ginny, clamin wad hev meaad thee brick it for breaad ; cum gang heaam, kiss tae barns, an then if thau will gang preithe dea, but a lile fire side at yans ane heaam is better then a fearful girt yan at yans maister's. Mary. I kna net what to dea, Ise laath to leav th barns, I think I mun stay. But wha can this be ; he leaks an he wur lost. Whaar cum yee frae a preia ? Stranger. I cum frae aboon an Ise gangin toth belaw, but I lost me sel on thor plaguy fels, an I been maunderin twoa heaal neets an twoa days, 25 an naw Ise gitten on to thor sands, Ise as ill off as ivver. A preia haw munea git in toth Laa Fornass ? Ann. What yee hae sum cusens tbear, I racken. Stranger. Nay net as I kna on ; Ise gangin to lait wark. Mary. Sflesh ! Yee hae sum lass wie barn, an want to git awt oth way, yee leak sae wea. For sure he blushes. Ann. Tak my cauncil, gang the way back agayn an wed her, it's better then runnin thy cuntry ; an if shee's a farently lass yee mun beath dra yaa way, an yeel dea, I warrant tae. Stranger. Nae, yeer mistane, I nae lass wie barn ; but Ise leavin me pleaas sumet abaut a lass bein wie barn, that's sartan. Ann. Cum the way wie me, leakstea, yon's my hause, an if thaul gang wie me I'll gie the a fleak an a potful a saur milk, an thau maes tel us awe abaut it. Stranger. Ise ean gang wie yee, an yeel mappen show me th way in to Fornass ? Ann. Aye, aye, barn, wees tel the awt we kna when tau lies filt the belly ; cum, gae the wae in wie Mary, an Ise bring a lock a peats toth fire. Sflesh, leak ! Soo hes gitten in toth garth, an shee's hitten up awth turmits, rooted up awth parcel, an troden dawn oa me poleanters ! Dule tak her for an unlucky carron ; but I'll sean meaak an end a the, for I'll sell the if onny yan will by the ea 26 Kirsendom caunty. But cum naw let us kna what braut yee hear, a preia. Stranger. Yee mun kna I leevd up ith fels, a girt way aboon Hougil ; maister bed a girt staat, be kept it in his awn hands, we wur twoa men an twoa lasses, yan wur hausekeeper, an like, we thout they wor tath girt, but we wur laith to say't, for he wur a terrable man, an if onny yan sead awt abaut em he wad laa em to death ; oa th nebbors feard him, nea yan durst mell on him onny whaar raund. Yaa neet he cood me intul th barn, Joan, sed he, I want the tae gang an arrant for me ith mornin, yee mun be ready to set awt sean, an give Bess a gud feed a corn ; Ise gangin to put girt trist ea the ; thau mun be ready be faur a clock. I sed aye, I wad. I wur up as sean as I cud see leet, an maister bad me yoak coverd cart. I cud net think what he wur gaain toa send me for. When I hed dun it I brout it toth dure, an he put in a box an a chair, then tewk me intul th hause, gav me a dram, an a crawn for spences ath road, bad me tack girt caare ea what I wur bawn to carry. I sed I wod. He went in an brout awt Betty, awr hausekeeper, helpd her in toth cart, then coverd her sea cloase nea yan cud see her, an bad me tak her to Temple Saurby, an gave me a ritten paaper whaar to leaav her ; we wur just gangin off when maister com tae me an sed, I'll gie the hoaf-a-ginny for the daark, an thau git her seaaf thear. I sed Ise dea me best. An 27 we set off an went abaut three miles, an I thout I'st meak a gud daark ont ; we wur gangin dawn a lile hill when I saw I hed twoa hod stockins on ; I thout I sud hae tumeld owar, for I knew varra weel I sud hae ill luck, for I nivver hut twice dond twoa hod stockins on, an yaa time I wur plooin in ith lang deal, an Jewel teak freet an ran oway, hrak oa th gear fearfuly, leaamd her showder, an like to kilt me; neist time I wur gangin tea th mill, an watter wur awt, an I hed four laaid a corn, I hed like to been drownt, an I lost yaa laaid of corn, an was varra glad to seaav me sel : soa yee may think haw freetend I wur when I saw my stockins. Mary. I've hard fowk say it's fearful unlucky. Stranger. Terrable soa indeed. Ise sure I've hard me mudder an mea grondy say they wad rader see a spirit, er the Dule his sel, then hev twoa hod stockins on ther legs, it hoads sum girt truhle. Ann. An preia what happend ? Stranger. When we had gean ahaut five mile we com tae an yale hause, whaar they wor tae he cock feightin, for it wur Pankeak Tuesday ; thear stewd at dure three young men, I kent em aw. Whaar's tau gaain ? ses they. To Sebher, sed I. What mes tae cum this way ? I've sumet to leaav, sed I. What haesta ithe cart? sed they. Woo, sed I. Woo, sed they ; an wie that they com abaut it. I naw began to be freetend, yan on em tewk haud oma, an sweaar I sud drink wie em, tudder twoa gat haad oth horse ; they pood me toth yale c2 28 hause dure, an cood for a quart of yale an a dram in't, an we hed sean dun, I offerd to pay for it, but they swaar I sud pay for neist; just then awr Bet sneesd an they hard her. Aye, what's that ? says Joan Scapin, a rascot, et hes leevt ea varra gud pleaces but can bide ith nin hee's sea drucken, What to Dule hes tea gitten amang woo ? it mun be alive, but weel see hawivver. Wie that I tewk haad oth meear an offerd ta drive on ; but they ran toth a — e et cart an tornd up claith an saw Bet. Lord how they laft an fleerd an bullied. Woo ! sed yan ; Woo ! sed another, Pure soft woo ! Weel teaas it abit ! an Scapin gat intul th cart. Bet wur a brave staut lass, an clicked haad ea Scapin beeth colar an flang him awt, an he leet on his back an brak his heead on a stean, it bled fearfuly ; he gat up an streak at me, I streak agayn, an they oa three set omea ; Bet lowpt awt oth cart an tewk my part, an we fout for sum time, but we fairly dreave em towart th hause ; they coad her awth whoors they cud think on, an me awth baads, it vext her sae ill that she fetchd Scapin sic a drive I thout she hed kilt him, he bled at noase an mauth, an wor a ter- rable seet. Lanlord an wife com an tewk agayn us ; lanleady sed I mud he shamd on mysel to hoffer to gang away an nit to pay for th yale ; I sed I nivver meant but to pay fort, but I wur sae vexd wie them leakin intul th cart. Thau ert a dirty lairly, sed she, to cary whoors up an dawn th cuntry, an be- caus twoa or three young fellos hed a mind to leak 29 intul the cart, thau mun knock their een up, an than cheat poor fowk ea their due. Poor Bet hed her cap an neckclath pood off, her noase brosen, an leakt like a mad thing : I wur fearful feard they mud hae hurt her or her barn. She hed brosen twoa oa their noases, an peyld their feaces black an blue, an pood off heal handfuls of haar. I gat her intul th cart, an set off as fast as I cud drive ; when we hed gean abaut a mile, I saw a lile well at botom on a hill, I telt Bet I wad drive tea it, an she mud wesh her sel. She sed, dud I think they wad folow us ? I sed, nay I thout imme hart they hed gitten enuf. When we com tae it she gat awt, weshd her feace an neck, camd her hair, an tewk a clean cap, an neckclath, an happron, awt on her box, an lockt up her riven rags, an they wur aw blead beside. My blaws hed meaad me heaad wark fearfuly, an I cud hardly see awt omea een, an we thout it began to be ameast nean ; we wur baith on us varra seekly. I saw a yale hause an telt Bet ; she bad me gang tult an see if we cud hev ony dinner. Th woman sed she hed gud beef an bacon colops an pankeaks. I went an telt Bet, she gat awt an com in ; I eshd for a privat roum, but nea yan et hed a fire in but th hause. I went to leak hefter my mear, when a lile barn com to me an sed, ye mun cum in, th woman's fawn owar. I ran in, freetend awt omea wits, an fand Bet in a soon ; th lanleady wur a varra graadly body, she laasd her stays, slat watter in her feace, an brout her to her c3 30 sel, meaad her tak sum brandy, an she wur sean better, an hit her dinner varra weel. We set off as sean hes we hed awr dinner, an we hed twoa quarts of yale at dinner, an I thout Bet drank varra mitch for a young woman ; I payd awr racknin, an we set off agayn, and dud varra weel abaut twoa mile, when we met sum lads and lasses gangin to kest their pankeaks ; they com abaut me like bees, an oa at yance eshd what I hed gitten imme cart ; I sed Wild beaasts, an if yee dunnet gang yaur ways I'll hoppen th dure omea cart an let omea lyons an dragons awt ; they steaad starein at me, an Bet, ith inside, fetched a girt greaan, an gloard at em thro a lile hoole ith claith ; it freetend em, they set a runin as fast as their legs wad let em, wich varra weel pleasd Bet an me ; an we draave on till abaut a mile off Temple Saurby. Mary. Belike man yee hed nae mair mishaps ? Stranger. They wur but beginin woman ! Whya, as I sed, we wur abaut a mile off Temple Saurby, when a sargant an drummer an ya souger owarteuk us. Haw far this way friend ? sed they. To th neisht vilage, sed I. What hae yee gitten ea yer cart ? sed they. Wild beaasts, sed I. Let us leak at em, sed they, an weel gie the a hoopeny a peice. Nay, sed I, they er tae hoangry to be leakd at naw, yee may see em when they cum toth far end. Wie that they went on, an I sed laa dawn to Bet I wur fearful fain we hed gitten rid on em; wie that she set up a girt sbaut ea laffin, an they 31 leukd back an stead still ; I sed they hev hard thee for sartan, they er cumin back agayn ; I quite did- derd for fear. The sargant com up an sed, Dud my wild beaasts laf ? Dud I kna it wer condemna- tion to owar sea for makin gam on his madgesty's cumanders by land or seaas ? An he leakt sae terrably I war ready to soond ; I thout they wad tak me for a souger for sure. While he tauked to me me tother twoa pood upth claith an leakt intulth cart, an sweaar she wer a reet conny lass, an they wad hev a kiss on her, an they baith lowpt intulth cart, an I thout Bet leakt weel enuff pleaast ; an they aw raaid ith cart tul we com toth spot whaar I set Bet dawn, for I fand it awt varra sean ; I then tewk my mear an went toth yale hause an gat her sum gud hay an three pennerth a corn, an while she hit it I went intulth hause : but it wur a weary gangin in for me, an I'll nivver gang intul onny hause whaar ther is sougers while my neaam is Joan. Ann. They er wickid fellos, for sure theyl dea awt tae git poor lads listed. Yan oa my barns hed like to been taen with em, he gat awt on a lile windaw, an left a bran span new hat worth hoaf-a- crawn, an ran o'th way frae Kendal to Sizer afore he ivver leakt back : he hed welly brosen his sel wie runnin fra thor varmant. Stranger. Well, whileth awd mear wur hittin I went intulth hause. Thear wur a varra gud fire ; I cood for a pint a yale ; while I wur a drinkin it in 32 com thor sougers an seet dawn beeth fire an esht me if I wad sarve the king, they wad meaak me a captan sean. I sed nay, I hed nae thouts ont yet. They cood for punch, an listed yan befoar me feace. I wad net drink wie em, ner hae nowt to dea wie king's stuff. Lass oth hause com wie a lock ea peats toth fire, an they gav her a jow, an she fell oa my knee an dang me hat off; th sargant clapt his omme heaad an sed, Naw yee hev worn his mad- gesty's livery yee er listed ; I pood it off an scund it upth flear, an ran toth dure as fast as ea cud ; but he wur sean hefter me, gat haad omme by me shirt neck, an hod me sae fast I thout he wad throple me. When ea cud speak, I esht him what he wanted wie mea ; he sed I hed listed, an he wad mak me gang alang wie him afoar a justass to swear. I wur sadly freetend an whakerd ea ivvery lim, nay I tremelt sae I cud nit stand. Sargant clapt me oth back, an sed, Currage man, I'll meaak the a genral. I sed, Pleaas yee sir Ise a sarvant, an if I dunet carry th mear back to-neet my maister will hang me, for he will swear I hae stown her, an hee's a fearful awful man, as onny yan that knaas him can tell yee. He laft, an sed, If he com he wad list him teya ; then cursed an sweaar terrably ; For as to thee, sed he, thau er fairly listed as onny man can be ith varsal ward, he wad stand teat. I wor ameast beside my sel, an it wor naw neen a clock at neet; I had roard an begd an prayd an toth nae end ; I bethout mea I wad git sum yan to 33 rite a letter to mea maister an send him word haw I wor off, an for him to cum an fotch th mear. I esht lanlord if I cud git onny yan tae rite for me : he sed, Aye to-morn hut nin to-neet. We drank till midneet, for they wad nit let me gang awt oth their seet. We hed a gay gud bed, but I wur sae fearful uneaasy imme mind I cud net sleep. Abaut four a clock, th lass ath hause crap ontoth loft wie a rush-leet ; thear wor twoa beds, th sargant an I ligd ith yan, an th twoa sougers ith tudder ; she leaked ith yan then ith tudder, then sed laa dawn to me, Git up. I crap awt a bed varra soaftly an dond me sel, steaal quietly awt oth loft an dawn stairs intoth hause. Th lass sed, Here sup thor podish, I hev yoakt theeth cart, an git off wie the as fast as tae can ; thear is hoaf-a-crawn for the to pay, but thau hed better pay that then be a souger, an if thau hesent sae mitch abaut thee I'll lig it dawn for the, an we mappen meet at Kendal or Sebber Fair, an thau may gie it me agayn ; for Ise wae to see haw thau wur turmoild wie thor varmant oth sougers ; they er th rottenst lairlys et ivver com ea onny hause. I thankt her monny a time, payd hoaf-a-crawn, en gav her sixpence for to by her a riban ; an I set off as hard as I cud drive heaam, an thout like me maister wud be gayle weel content when he hard haw it wur wie mea ; but when I gat heaam he wur gean awt, an awr Mai telt me he had hard haw that Scapin stopt us at sine oth Twoa Jolly Boutchers, an that like I 34 meaad sines for em to leak intul me cart, an that I tewk agayn Bet ; an he fell intul a girt pashon an sweaar he wad transport me, for he was sure I hed stown th mear, an run away with her ; an he towd her when he wur gangin awt that he wur gaain to git a commandement to tak me onny whaar er ea onny spot whaar ivver he fand me ea o'th caunty. She sed she thout like I'd best gang away awt on his gaait, an she wad gie me a lile pye, an sum chees an bread, an a quart botle ea drink. I tewk what brass I hed, an she wad send me claiths to me mudder's. I telt her haw it aw wor, at she mud tel me maister. We tewk a sorroful farweel, an I set off to cum owar th fels, an I wor twoa heaal days an twoa heaal neets on em, tul I wur ameast clamd an starvd to deaath, an ameast freetend awt omme wits wie sic a terrable boggart as I beleev nivver onny yan saa befoar ; nay th varra thouts on't meyas me back-beaan wark. Mary. Whya, marcy on us ! yee hed oa maks a trubble. Whaar saa yee it ? What wur it like ? What shap wur it in ? Ann. Aye, preia tell us what yee saa. What, wur it like a coaf '? I kna a man at wur sadly flayd with a boggart like a coaf, an it mooad fearfuly, an steaad haurs be him, chewing it cud. Mary. It mappen wur a coaf. Stranger. Whya, mappen it wur, but this at I saa wur twenty times as big as a coaf. I hed geaan twoa days an a neet owar thor fels, an cud feend 35 nea way off em ea this side ; I wur sae teerd wie maanderin up an dawn an teaavin ith dirt, I laaid me dawn on a breaad scar an sean fel asleep, tul sumet weaakend me varra caad omme feace. I leakt up, an sumet stead gloarin at me as big as a girt bull, an sic a par of saucer een as wad hae flayd the Dule his sel hed he seen it, Ise sartan. I hofferd to git up but I cudnt stand; it nivver stird, but stead gloarin imme feace, an then it seat up sic a roar as wad hae flayd twenty men, an reerd it sel eun up ; I cud see it wur oa owar black, an twoa horns as girt as onny bull's ; I shut me een, an hoppend em mony times to see if it wad gang away, for I hev hard fowk say if yee shut yer een a spirit will vanish, but it nivver stirt, but stead a lang while, then laaid it dawn abaut ten yerds frae me : I then thout for sure I sud dee wie th freet, an wisht me sel back wie me maister. Haw many hawers it ligd thear I kna net, but when it wur leet it hed tornd it sel intul a girt black teap; I wur then warse freetend beeth hoaf, for I wur sartan it cud be nowt but the Dule et cud torn his sel intul onny shap. I raasd me sel up, but I whakerd fearfuly, my knees knockt yan agayn tudder, an I crap quietly by it, an tewk dawn th fel as fast as ea cud ; I hed gitten abaut five hundred yerds frae it, when I thout I wad leak behint me an see if it stird, but, marcy on us ! it wur within a yerd omme ; I then cud bide nae langer, I tumelt owar an roard awt fearfuly ; I thout then it wur Owd Nick cum for 36 me, et maister hed geaan toth wise man to kna whaar I wur, an that he sent th Dule hefter me to bring me back. I thout I wad torn agayn, for it dud nit matter gangin onny farther. I leakt up an saw a hause abaut hoaf-a-mile frae me; I creaap a girt way omme hands, for I hed nit pawer to git up, an was terrable feard to leak back : et last I dud, an it wur clean gean ; I wur nivver sae glad ea oa me born days. I sean gat up an ran toth hause, it wur a yale hause, an a reet graadly body she wur at leevt at it; I gat a pint a yale an sum chees an bread ; I telt her haw I'd been flayd, an she sed ther wor flayin oa thor fels ; she her sel hed yance been sadly freetend, she saw a horse wieawt a heaad on that varra spot whaar I wur sae flayd ; an she sed she wad nit gang on it ath neet for aw Sebber, for a man yance steaal a horse an morderd it ith top a thor fels, an it spirit hes oways haanted that spot ivver sen, sumtimes like a horse, sumtimes like a teap, an oft like a man wieawt a heaad. Yee may think haw flayd I wur when she telt me oa this. She sed she thout I hed better stay oa neet an set off this mornin : I dud sae, an hed a gud neet sleep, or I sud hae been quite kilt, Ise sartan. An naw if yee can shoo me th way intul Laa Fornass, Ise be mitch behouden to yee. Ise nit be lang awt oa wark, I racken ; an I think beeth heaam ath ward it ligs sum whaar yonder ; if I can but git owar this watter Ise sean feend it awt, an I hoap Ise nit be lang ea gittin a spot. 37 Ann. Lord, barn ! Yee need nit gang to Laa Fornass for wark, hear's fowk enow hear et will employ yee. Stranger. If ea thout sae I'd stay. But whaar mun I gang tea to git wark ? yee mun help me tea it : I ken nae yan ea this spot. Mary. Thau cudn't a leet on a better body then Ann; she kens awth girt farmers rawnd, an will git tea intul sum spot. Ann. Aye, thau mun stay hear aw neet, an toth morn Ise feend tea a maister, a Goddil. Thear's a merry-neet at awr neist nebbors to-neet, an thau may gang the way and git a sweethart, it will cheer the a bit. What says tea ? Stranger. I hae nin omme donsin-shoon ; I wod I hed, for Ise rackend a fearful top donser at heaam, an Ise terrable keen on't, I nivver miss a merry-neet for ten mile raund. Awe awr kin is rackend girt featers ; I think imme mind I cud bang awth ward in a hornpipe, an Ise a top hand at a jig an a reel, nin ea awr parts can top me : nay, I bangd th maister et com tae Hougil at his boll, an thear wur a fearful grand man et com frae a spot welly be Lunon, an he cood me tea him, an sed, Me lad, thau ert best donser I ivver saw ea oa me time; then sed he, Dud tae ivver donse on a stage ? I sed Nay. He sed, If I wor thee I'd gang toth hopera hause, I think he coad it, Thau mud git a hundreth a yeer for donsin for th king. Ann. Why dunnet yee; whya yee er a boarn D 38 foal. Wad I cud donse an wor young, I'd gang mesel. Whya lad thau mud meaak the fortun. Mary. An yet yee er agayn me gangin onny whaar itli ward. Ann. Whar teth Dule Wod tae gang? Is tae nit wed an gitten barns abaut tae. Hang the for a lairly ! steay at heaam an be content ; mind tea tow spinnin, an let me hear nae mair othee maggats ea runin frae the ane heaam. Cum, lad, Ise tak thee amang young fowk, yeel sean kna yan anudder. Stranger. Aye, Ise sean ken em ; Ise nae way swamas. Ann. Farweel Mary. Ise coo an see thee neist week. Ise cum yaur way, an I'll bring a bit a tee imme pocket, an a white leaaf, an weel hev a swoap a tee tegidder, an nivver heed Joan. Mary. Ise be varra fain tae see yee, for I hae nea yan to hoppen me sel teaa but yee. Farweel Ann. END OE DIALOGUE I. DIALOGUE II. Between Betty, Aggy, and Jennet, upon the loss of a husband. Betty. TTTHYA haw er yee oa hear. I wod hae cum et seea afore naw, but it hes been sae caad, I was terrable feard a meaakin me sel badly agayn : en I've hed a fearful time on't for sure. Aggy. Yee hev indeed, en yee leak fearful badly. Cum en sit yee dawn ith neak, en keep yer sel warm. Jennet. Let me sweep upth fireside, this rotten tow meaaks us aw dirt. Dunnet sit thear Betty, for when th dure hoppens awth seat an th reek el blaw ea yer feace. Kem awt yer haar mudder, an put on yer cap ; what a seet yee er. Aggy. Dear me, barn, I dunnet mitch heed me sel ; I hae lost aw me comfort ea this ward. Betty. Aye, here hes been a girt awteration sen I wur here. Aggy. Aye, waist omme ! I hev hed a saar loss ; I hev parted wie a varra gud husband. O dear ! oh! oh! d2 40 Betty. What yee munnet greet, but mack yer sel content ; it's God's will ! We mun oa gang yaa time er udder, I racken. Jennet. I oft tell me mudder shee's rang to freat ; mony a yan's wars of then us : shee's a varra gud hause, en two conny fields, a moss, an a varra gud garth, four kaws, a coaf, a galoway, twenty sheep, en a varra gud swine et dunnet want aboon a week et been fat enufF ta kill ; we hae baith meal en maut ith ark, en part of a flick a bacon, beside a netful a fleaks, en plenty a potates : soa then yee kna ther can be nae want. Betty. Ise fain et hear it. En thau mun stay et heaam, en be a good lass, en cumfort the mudder, en keep the sel unwed en tae can. Jennet. Ise dea me best. Betty. What il yee keep awth swine, er yeel sell sum on't? yee can nivver dea wie it oa. Aggy. Nay, Ise sell o'th legs an a flick en keepth rest. I've a deal to think on naw sen I lost my poor man ; he oaways used tae butch it his sel, but naw I mun pay for it been dun. Nae weast me ! What a girt loss I hev on him, he was sean gean ith end, thof he hed meand him this hoaf yeer, en hed a girt caadness in his heaad, en wod oft tak awt his pocket-neckclath an lig it on his heaad, en he thout it meaad it yeasy ; I sewd him flanin in his neet-cap, but oa wod nit dea; I wod fain hev hed him tae hed a docter, but nin oa his side, neither men fowk nor wimmen, 41 ivver hed yan, en he wod bring up nae new cus- toms : en I racken they cud hev dxiu him nae gud. Betty. Nae net they ; they er fit for nin but girt fowk et hes brass enuff tae gie em. When my lile barn was bornt, et it varra guts was seen, we sent for yan ; en what, she deed : en monny a yan sed, en I hed ligd on enuff a porposs oil she wod hae ment. What ye er for mackin saals er net yee, ea sum eth ky en sheep ? Aggy. Aye, I hev maar en I can dea with, I'll kep nowt but yaa kaw andth galoway, it will be far less trubble, I cannit dea wieth land. A woman is whaint ill of when shee's left alaan; but me cusen Giles promises ta dea for mea. Betty. Hee's rackend a varra graadly man. But hes your maister meaad a will ? ther el net be sae mitch trubble ; en fowk saes he hes left yee a fearful rich weedo, en yer dowter a varra mensful porshon. Aggy. Aye, we er left varra connoly, en she dea but mind her sel, en net thra her sel oway a sum lairly fello. Jennet. I'll hae nin ; I'll thra me sel oway a nin, noder bad ner gud. I'll lake a bit ith ward efore E tee me sel to sorro. Betty. Whya mind et ta dus. I hev a girt favor tae esh on yee, will yee preia sell me a goos ? sum- met hes worried yan ev ours, we fand it rivven ta bits, an liggin ath middin. I saw yaurs as E com in, an they leak varra fat ; en a fearful fine stegg yee hev for sure. d3 42 Aggy. Yees, hev a goos en welcom ; I selt em et hoaf-a-crawn a piece at Lankester, en we hed a varra girt flock. Betty. I think yee oways hev. We hev hed weary luok wie our daum things this yeer : we lied two fine cocks gat tagidder en yan kilt tudder, I cud hae selt yan on em ta fout at Beetham cock feights for hoaf-a-crawn ; then goos was rivven to bits ; fox gat four hens ; a dog et cum throuth faud raav a duck heaad of, en tummelt owar a girt pot wie best wort in I hed set awt to gang caad, brack pot, spilt drink. It wur weary wark, I thout ea sud hae gaan craisy, I wur sae rotten mad. Aggy. Cum lass setth wheel by, an git ta the sewin, en git me caps meaad, thau mun lig braid hems ath borders. I was forced tae by new black baith for her an me sel. Betty. Whya nowt but weel, yee hev enuff ta by wie. Thear wur a paur a fowk et berrin I hard, en yee gat meat for em awe; ye mud hev a paur a cooks. I was whaint soary et E cud net cum. Aggy. I was fearful wae et yee wur badly ; I sud hae been glad ta see yee amang fowk, we hed been lang nebbors, en I kent yee ivver sen we war lile lasses, en oways lickt yee. Thear wur plenty ea oa macks ea meat, an varra weel gitten, varra good pyes, an rare puddins full ea rasins en corrons : better wur nivver meaad e aw Beetham Parish, Ise sure. Betty. I haard awe wur fearful gud, an a varra 43 mannerly berrin it wur. Nay, I mun tell yee what me cusen Tomy sed when he com heaam : he sed , says he, Yon weedo is tae conny a body, he sed, tae be lang a weedo, says he ; lads el be hefter her sean : she leaks younger then her dowter. Aggy. Oh Betty ! I nivver can think on a nud- der husband, Ise sure barn ; Ise dee on a brocken heart. Haw cud the cusen Thomas tauk abaut me ; hee's a weedo his sel, en mud kna what sorro yan mud be in. Tae be sure if I thout a weddin agayn I hed as leev tak him as onny yan I kna. Cum lass put tee kettle on. I think nowt ea sweetharts. It's fearful queer the cusen sud tauk a me. Jennet. Mun E meak a bit a breead mudder ? Aggy. Aye, barn, an maak it gud, for Ise reet fain to see Betty : shee's a girt stranger. Betty. Whya for sure I wod net hae been sae lang but thro bein badly, en I wur vext at our lass weddin, en we hed twoa kaws pickt coaf, an ya thing er udder, maad we warse en E sud hae been. Jennet. E preia wur it true et Tom wod hardly hev her ? Aggy. Awt on him ! Wha was sae likely when he hed gitten her a barn ? Betty. Yee say truly Aggy. But I daut hee's nowt et dow, for her fadder gav her forty paund, en he wod hardly hev her then ; but he behaavs varra weel sen, an I hope they'l dea. What he fishes an she spins tow ; tae be sure she cannit git mitch wie a lile barn. I gie her a swoap a milk en a heap ea 44 potates naw en tan, en monny an hodd thing : yan cannit help draain to ther ane barn. Aggy. Nay, haw sud they. Betty. Wha aw my barns is wed naw, baath lad en lass. They wur clever sarvants ; as toth lasses Ise sure nin cud top em, eider for milkness, or in- dure or out-dure wark. Baath Mary an Nelly hes led shearin field when thear wur twenty men, an shear till sweat brast throu their stays : they wod hae been brosen afore they wod hae been bangd. Aggy. Aye, they wur gud workers, they hed fearful spirits, nowt feard em ; but I think sum on em is mitch awterd sen they wur wed. Jennet. Aye, for sure it wad flay yan frae wed- din ta leak at them, ta see haw they er turmoild wie barns an wark, en lile ta dea on. I'll nivver leaav me mudder, I'll stay wie her; nae weddin for me, I'll be nae man's drudge. Aggy. Sic maapment thau tauks ; thau mun stay tulth reet an cums, heel tak nae nay, barn. Betty. But what el Dicky say ta that, for I hard hee's fearful fond on the, en lowpt raund the like a young teap, that neet ye wur at merry-neet ta- gidder. Jennet. He may sit ath mid din unstown for me ; I'm for nae Dickys ner Richards neider. Betty. What taws mappen for Joaney ; he hes a a conny hause weel set to tak the teea, kaws en sheep, boos sweept en band hung up. A thau ert a reet fause en. 45 Jennet. Nay, Ise for nin on em. I kna when Ise weel ; I'll gang ta bed maister en git up deam. Betty. Whya reet enuff, en ta can but hod a that mind it mea dea, but thaul nit like et be cood en aud maaid. Leak et me cusen Jennet, she may norse barns in her doatage, en put her spetacles on ta don em. Aggy. Aye for sure she was groon aud ; what then, yans like ta stay tul yans time cums. But they say hee's a reet farrantly fello, soa yee see thear's luck e leiser. Betty. Aye, awr Tom wur at Lankester ya Seterday, en he sed he wur thear wie butter an eggs. Markets hes been terrable laa this lang time, hardly worth gangin teea ; but it wur Size, en wur a varra lieftel market, an et wur a wunder. Aggy. Aye barn, it's this Irish butter et cums fraeth awt lands, it's a sham ta let it cum ta foeth markets soa : butth girt fowk aboon dunnet mind poor fowk belaw, er else yae kna they mud send it ta French or Scotch. Betty. Aye for sure. But I racken th king hes been fearful badly, en soa things hes gang rang, en he cud net order es he used ta dea, for yee kna tul he wur badly things wur net a thissen. God send him better, say I. Aggy. Amen ! If he sud dee wha mun be king then ? Is ter onny aboon Lord Darby ? Will he be king ? I sud think that mud dea weel for Beetham parish ; weest happen git an organ then. Jennet. Lord mudder ! he hes barns enow on 46 his ane, hee's a matter on a dusen. Dunnet yee kna I was read in em ith almanack ya Sunday when it raind ? Aggy. I thout them hed been sum udder king's barns, they hed sic autlandish neaams, thau cud nit coo them. Betty. Lord, woman ! Girt fowk coos ther barns sic heathenish neaams hes wod flay yan. Whya me cusen Ann, et leevs e Lunon, welly beeth king's hause, brout a barn dawn wie her, et she cood Ariet : I was quite wae et she dud net coo it Mar- gery, hefter her mudder, wha was a varra graidly body. Aggy. What wur it a lad or a lass ea preia? Betty. Nay it wur a lass for sure. Aggy. Lord bless us ! What a neaam, en she leevd e this cuntry she wod hev Ariets enow. Jennet. What, yaur nebbors gangin ta wed I hear ? Betty. Wae worth her ! et cannit mack her sel contented wie her barns, but she mun hev a man ta git her maar ; an she may mentain them an him teea, for hee'l work nin, I daut. Aggy. Sure thear is nowt sae simple es weedos, they nivver kna when they er weel ; if she wed him shee'l draher sel ta a paaur oa sorro, shee'l kna nae end on't e this ward, I daut. Betty. Marry, en awe be true et's tauked she may be glad en heed hev her ; she hes put it awt on her paur to say him nay. Aggy. Lord, barn ! What is cum amang wim- men an lasses e this parish ? I think the Dule hes 47 thrawn his club owar em, they er oa gaan craisy, they er shamful, nin on em weds but they hev their happron up ; modesty is cleen gean awt oth cun- try : it wur nit sae when yee an I wor young. I kna nit whaarth faut is, I wod it cud be fund awt. Betty. Aye, soa deya I. But they mind nowt but donnin ther sels, en gangin frae hause tae hause, hearin news, an mellin ea ther nebbors, an gittin sweetharts ; an when they gang toth kirk they mind nin oth parson, they cannit keep their een hoppen, they been up oa neet wie sum lad. They tak mair pastime ea what they see ith kirk- garth then what they hear ith kirk. Aggy. I think yaa girt faut is, fowk dunnet keep their barns enuff under when they er young, for I kna mony et el corse their fadder an mudder, an bid em dea it ther sel. Naw preia what et dow can cum oa sic like mismanerd deains, it mun end ea sorro, for I kna nit what side toth bleaam. Betty. What er yee begun to greaav peats yet ? Aggy. Nay, barn, oas soa wet et I think it's tae sean ; beside me cusen Tom's tae greaav em for me, en he is ivvery day at cockle skeer; for yee kna I hev nowt naw but a hirein, en ea want twoa or three fleaks naw, I mun by em. Oh, waes me ! I'm badly off indeed, I nivver knew what it wor tae by a fleak sen I wor wed, naw gangin ea forty yeer. Betty. Whya, whya, yeel tak better teaat hefter a bit ; summer is cumin on, yeel git awt a dures, 48 en yee'l nit be sae dowly, yee'l see. I wod baith yee an Jennet wod cum tae awr hause neist Monday, awr Mary is gaain tae twilt a yallo linsey twilt, an awth young fowk is cumin tae help, an varra conny ittel be ; it's her ane spinnin baith linnin anth woon, an it left on her cortans, en she maaad em up varra grand wie leace, an tae dra raund ; I wod hae hed her tae set bad tath woe, but she wodn't, she was tath praud, en likes toth be like quality mak. Aggy. Whya nowt but weel, she seems a varra conny fusom wife, en I hear they hoffer et dea varra weel, en baith draas yaa way, en gitten ther lile farm varra connoly stockt : en her fadder, I racken, hes been varra gud tae her. Betty. He hes dun tull em oa alike. He gav em, lad en lass, forty paund a piece toth set em foret ith ward; we thout it was better then keepin it tull we deed, we sud see haw they hofferd, an it wad be better then keepin em ea poverty an makin em wish for awr death. Aggy. Toth be sure. Young fowk is oft kept dawn ith ward when they wed, an fadder fowk will net help em ; an a deel a barns, what can they dea ? Naw yaurs may git on while they er young, and seaav sumet agayn they er aud. Betty. Whya we hev dun awr part Ise sure ; yee kna we mun tak care of aursels, we er grooin aud, en cannit be thout tae work es we hev dun. Jennet. Cum, will yee torn toth teaable, an git 49 sum tee, an taick sum oa this breead while it's warm. Betty. I'm soary yee sud put yer sel soa mitch awt oth way for me. This is varra gud breead, Jennet, I think thau hes put butter in't. Aggy. Ise reet fain yee think it gud ; thear's naa yan Ise sae fain tath see es yee, I've oft taukt on yee, an awr lass an I was for cumin et see yee neist Sunday, for sure. Betty. Cum what day yee will yees be welcom, nae yan mair soa. What, thaus leakin i'the cup ! what can thau see, thaul nivver wed, what's tae leakin at ? Jennet. What can yan see nowt but sweetharts, think yee ? Aggy. That's what meast et young fowk leaks for naw-a-days. Jennet. Whya, mudder, duddn't they when yee wor young ? Betty. Aye, aye, we hev awe been foalish in er time. Dunnet torn me dish up, barn, Ise welly brosen for sure. Aggy. Nay, yees hev anudder dish for sure; what sinifies six or sewen a thor lile dishes : cum tak a bit mair breead. Betty. For sure I've hitten an drunk tul ea sweat, see haw it runs dawn me feace: Ise sham me sel. Jennet. A preia mak free, yee er welcom yee 50 kna ; an wee'l cum an see yee a Sunday. I think ittel dea better then Monday, mudder ? Aggy. Whya I knaanet but it may. What yee er nit gaain yet sure ? Betty. Whya I mun be like beggars, hes sean as I hev gitten what ea can, I mun gang, for awr aud fello is soa leaam ivver senth galoway ran oway wie him, an dang him off, an he leet on a braid scar just beeth well ; it wor a marcy it dudn't thraa him in, he mud hae been drawnt for sure. Aggy. Haw leet it preia ? Dud it ivver run oway afore ? Betty. Nay, barn, but he was cumin heaam, just ith mirk, ath neet, he hed been at smiddy tae git it shod, en ea cumin dawnth loan, that plaigy dannet, Bill Watson, clatterd his clogs, an flayd galoway, et it set off a gallop an thraad him off. Jennet. Hang him for a lairly ugly. Dud he help him up, er haw gat ea heaam ? Betty. He help him up ! Nit he, hang him ! Awr lass hed been atth shop for a quartern a hops, en hard him mean his sel ; et first she was flayd, en steaad still toth harken, but she sean fand it wor her fadder, she gat him up, an draad him heaam a sum fashon ; I thout ea sud a soond et seet on him, I wor sae flayd. He hed hort his shouder varra ill en his back ; I rubd him wie porposs oil, an he ligd ea bed ameast a week. 51 Aggy. An varra weel it wor nae wars, he mud a broak a lira er twoa. Betty. Aye, that he mud, en he lies nivver kessen it, ner nivver will ea this ward, I daut, for hee's a girt age, welly four-score awe hut for sewen. What a girt net a fleaks yee hev ; we hev nit hed yan ith awr hause this twoa months, awr aud man cannit gang toth sand naw, hee's sae leaam ; en they mak awt mony a meaal. Aggy. They dea indeed. I'd leever be wieaut hout then fleaks ; I oways thinkth chimly leaks varra bare when thear's nae fleaks in't, beside I think they leak varra conny when they er ith sticks, but I hev been oways used to em sen I wor wed : but that's oa owar naw, I nae yan to git onny for me. Jennet. Here Betty, tak thor twoa or three heaam wie yee, they'l be a neak of a novelty for yee. Betty. Whya, thank yee. But Ise flayd I rob yee, ittel happen be a girt bit afore yee git onny mair. What's tae gaain tae dea ? Aggy. Yee mun sup a swoap a rum wie me, ittel nit hort yee, barn. Betty. Whya en ea mun ea mun. Here's to oa awr varra gud healths. It's fearful Strang, I daut ittel maak me drunk. Aggy. Nit it. Betty. Whya faar yee weel; en Ise expect tae see yee a Sunday. It's a fine ewnin, but it's a sort a caad. e2 52 Aggy. Whya, faar weel, an I wish yee weel heaam. Betty. Whya, gud neet, en thank yee for me. I'll send forth goos neist week wie awr lass, awr aud fello is soa leaam he can dea nowt but rive taas for wisketts en teanales. Aggy. Whya, varra weel, yees hev it onny time. END OF DIALOGUE II. DIALOGUE III. Between Sarah and Jennet ; or the humours of a Coquet in low life displayed. Sarah. T ORD, what a stranger ! Wha thout tae -^ seen yee hear ! I langd tae see the ; I've a paur tae tell the. Jennet. I wad hae cum lang sen but for this plagy shakin, it meyas me sae wake I can hardly dra yaa foat afore tudder. Sarah. Waist hart! It's a terrable bad thing when it fairly gits haad oa yan. What yee hard I wor at weddin, I racken. Jennet. Aye, an kirsenin teea, an feight hefter awe. Sarah. Sic deains wor nivver seen ea awe Beetham parish. Ise glad yee er cum this hefter- nean, for awr aud fowks gane toth berrin of my noant's son's wife's grondy ; sae we can hev a bit a tauk tae awr sels. Jennet. Ise reet fain Ise cum this hefter-nean, awr fowks oa atth moss. Cum, I lang tae hear abaut this weddin. E 3 54 Sarah. Lord, barn ! I knaanit weel whaar tae begin ; thear wor neen on us set off frae this side, an we wur awe dond in awr varra best claiths, yee may be sure : I hed on me new stampt gawn et ea bout a John Risk, an gav him three shilin a yerd for it, me white petycoat, an me girt plaited cap an me corls, white stockins, an claith shoon, an thout I leakt varra fine ; Bet hed on her stampt gawn, an a fearful girt plaited cap an a neckcloth on her heaad ; barn hed a varra conny cap on, godmudder brout it frae Kendal, an varra bonny it leakt ; it's a conny lile lass for sure, an varra like Tom, an it was dond awt es farrantly. I howd it while they wor wed, an I thout parson leakt varra cross : he sed when ea tewkth barn, This sud hae cum neen months hence. We wor sadly freetend for fear he sud scoud us, for yee kna hee's a reet gud man, en he sed nae mair; an I thout imme mind I wod nivver be wed while ea leevt before ea brout mesel tae sic sham : Ise sure we wor fearful glad when we hed gitten it owar. We went toth yale hause en hed four girt hauls a punch, an wimmen hed caaks, an terrable merry we wor ; an awe raaid heaam fearful weel ; anth youngans raaid forth riban, me cusen Betty bangd awth lads an gat it for sure. We hed a varra gud dinner at her fad- der's : hefter we hed dun, Tom leakt awt twoa hotels a rum he hed fotcht frae Lankester, an meaad a fearful girt baul a punch, an he leakt es if he wor fearful weel pleast et he wor wed ; Sam an Dick, 55 Bet's twoa cusens, sang monny a conny sang, an fearful gud singers they er, I wod they wod cum offen tae Silverdale chappel. Whenth punch wor drank, Tom swear ivvery man an lass sud drink a girt dram, an that lass et refused sud hev it put dawn her throat wie a coaf horn ; wimmen meaad a girt deal a wark but it sinified nowt, for drink it they mud en dud ; an I think wie yale an punch at Beetham, their varra gud drink at diner, an punch an drams, we wor sum on us far gaan, an began tae be varra quarrelsum. Bet's nuncle Joan hofferd tae lig five ginneas et his auld mear wod draa Tom ath Hives twoa carts, horses, en awe, en put sum brass imme fadder's hand ; Sam leet et sayth mear wod draa baith horses, carts, en awe toth Dule; wie that Tom gat up an lent a girt drive at Sam, drave him agaynth chimley back, an if she hedn't new laaid on a lock a mul he wod hae been saarly bornt ; he brast his noase, an what wie blead an seat I nivver saw sic a seet. He dud nit lig lang, up he gat an tewk haad ev Tom beeth shirt-neck, rave it awe dawn, an throppled him, an shackt him tul he meaad him spew oa amang us ; Tom up wie his gripen kneaf en felt Sam owar, an fel a-top on him an skreengd him terrably, an if nae yan hed pood em frae tegidder, it's my thouts they wod hae kilt yan anudder they wor sae mad. Jennet. Ise fearful fain I wor nit thear, 1st a been freetend toth death. I hard Sam wor varra ill dun teya. Sarah. It wor rang on him to mell on em, they 56 wor sayin nowt tae him, but when drink's in wit's awt ; Tom's a varra lungess fello, an he hed nae reet tae strike a blaw at Sam ; but he wor gayle une wie him, for he gav him twoa black een, an rave his fine lin shirt wie a girt hausin ruffel tae bits, an taar his new stampt vest down toth pocket, it wor new on Easter Sunday, he wor at Borton in it for first time. Jennet. Aye, but Sam spoilt his coaat ith dirt ath flear, he nivver can put it on agayn tul it's scaurd at Kendal. Sarah. What sinifies taukin, they wor baith toth blaam ; we wimmen tewk Sam an wesht him as weel es we cud, baith feace en coaat, an gav him sum alleker en brown paaper tae lig on a girt caul on his braw, an Ise sureth lad wor wae enuff; as toth Tom he went away swearin he wod be up wie him for rivein his claiths when they wor dawn ath flear. Bet wor sae freetend she clam on taeth lang teaable wie her barn, an awe us wimmen creap intoth neak beeth hooun, an stead up tul we went toth part Tom an Sam, an I hort my thaum terrably wie pooin em fx*ae tegidder, for they braaid skrat an fout like mad fowk, nay for sure they beaat yan anudder ; anth aud fello et caused oath wark creap intulth neak, he wos sae flayd. Jennet. Yee cannit think what a tauk it hes meaad ith nebborhood ; an ivvery yan bleaams Tom, for Sam's a varra soaber quiet lad, I oways thout, an I hev knawn him monny a yeer. Sarah. Aye, en may kna him langer : fowk says 57 he huddles thee a hit, soa thaus like tae hod ea his side. Is nit that true, Jennet ? Jennet. Neaa lass can be seen wie onny lad, hut nehhors gies it awt he huddles her. Sam al leak hier then me ; yee kna heeas a staat, an nae daut will he for a girt porshon : yee kna he huddles Mally, she can bring him a parrak. Sarah. I omast think hee'l hae Jennet, she can bring mair then yan when her fadder dees. He esht me atth weddin when ea saw yee. He seemd fearful wae yee hed gitten hald ath shakin, an sed yee wor a terrable conny lass. Aye, sed I, An shee's gangin tae wed a reet conny lad. Whaas that? he sed. I sed, A reet smart young sailor, she gat in wie him when she wor at Lankester. He leakt wae, an sed nowt for a gud bit, then esht meth man's neaam. I sed, What er yee jellus Sammy? He sed, Nay, nit I. But I saw he wor ameast ready to greet ; I'll be hangd en he dunnit luv the, say what tae will agayn it, Jennet. Jennet. Dud he gang wie yee toth merry-neet ? Sarah. Nae for sartan, he war toth ill braaid tae hev onny thouts atth merry-neet. Jennet. I hard et Tom puncht him an lowpt on his teaas ; hee's a lairly ugly as ivver wor unhangd. Sarah. Aye, that he is, but hee's up ith ward en cares for nae yan ; an if o'th ward wor ea my mind Ise care as lile for him ; beside staat he meaaks a paur wie his apples, plaums, an straeberrys, for hee's for ivvery thing et stirs, he en his sister er a 58 reet par ath greedy yans ; an they racken his earth is as gud as onny ith parish, an hee's oways muckin it, soa yee kna itst way toth gud crops. Jennet. Neaa daut. Haw com yee on atth merry-neet ? Sarah. Whya, barn, th Dule hed thrawn his club amang us that day for sartan ; I gat frae yaa spot ea foin awt tae anudder. I racken we wor twenty on us, lads an lasses, awe dond in awr varra best, an blind Tom wor fiddler, an a gud fiddler he is ; an we donst abaut twoa haurs, then they went raund an gidderd a penny a-piece fraeth lasses an toopence a-piece fraeth lads. That lairly ugly Joan, et leevs wie farmer Furrows, wad nit part wie his brass, tho he donst as mitch as onny yan, an tauked varra shamful toth wimmen ; wie that young Harry Scar tewk him beeth britches an tumled him awt oth donsin-loft dawn stairs. He sed he hed lost sum brass, but nae yan heed him. We then began to donse agayn, an went on a gud bit, en monny a conny jig an reel teya ; then they wor awe for cuntry-donses, an we went dawn yan varra weel; neisht cupple et com toth top cood for Seasons, when it wor playd lad cud nit lead it off, this meaad a deal a scraffle; wie that Harry Scar sed, Tak my partner, I'll gan^ dawnth donse an shoo thee, then thau may begin thee sel. He sed He wodn't, he cud deat. They tryd monny a time, but cud meya nowt on't. Coo up anudder tune, sed Harry. I'll nit, sedth lad, An thau's a saucy 59 oaf for mellin omme ; an sed he wad feight him if he wad gang awt oth donsin-loft. Wie that o'th lasses gat ahaut Harry an wad nit let him feight, an oa bleaamd tudder lad for meaakin a stir abaut nowt ; an for my part I wor sae teerd I esht my cusen Ann tae let us gang heaam, for my heaad wor ready to rive wie noise an din ; but tae nae pur- pose, she wod nit gang wieawt Harry. Jennet. Like enufF; fowk sen they er gangin tae be wed. I hard hee's tornd butcher, an started for his sel last Tuesday at Borton, an they hev taen a hause ; an yee kna that leaks likely. Sarah. Aye, I racken it's true. Whya they'l mak a conny farrently par, en they baith dra ya way ittel dea varra weel ; shee's gayly nottable, an I racken ea is part he leaks like a varra widdersful graidly young man. Wiltae hev a swoap a tee, or a swoap a bortery-bery wine ? yan thau sal hev, soa mak nae words lass. Jennet. I hev nae occashon for nin ; sae preia gie yer sel nae trubble abaut fotchin me awt. Sarah. Yees hev yan for sure, sae chuse. Jennet. Whya, barn, en ea mun I'll hev a swoap a tee ; an yeel leak ith cup for me, an tell me when ea mun be wed : I kna yeer a varra gud hand at fortun-tellin. Sarah. Odd-white tae ! thau knaas Ise nae fortun- teller ; en ea cud telt fortunes I'd ea gean nin toth donsin-neet, for sartan. Jennet. What time gat tae heaam, a preia '? Sarah. When ea cudn't git Ann tae cum heaam, 60 I steaad up an hofferd to cum me sel, when that plaigy Dick Sanders pood me on his knee ; I gat up an wad gang, wie that he raav me happron awt oth bindin, pood creak awt oth keep omme petty- coat, an tae meaak it up wie me, he cood for hoaf- a-dusen caaks, an wad meya me tae em, an wod en dud cum heaam wie me intulth bargin. Jennet. Aye, I racken Dick dudn't like tae see onny yan huddle thee but his sel. Is nit that it, lass? Sarah. What yee hev hard hee's yan ev my sweetharts. Lord ! this ward is brimful a lees, for sartan. Jennet. Aye, thear's lees enow, but I racken that's nin. Sarah. Yee may be mistaan as weel as udder fowk. Yee mun kna I went to Arnside Tawer, wie awr breaady toth bull, an she wod nit stand, but set off an ran up Tawer Hill an throoth Loan on tae Middle Barra Plane, an I hefter her, tul I wor welly brosen. Dick wor cumin up frae Silverdale, an tornd her, helpt me wie her toth bull, an then went heaam wie me. An while ea leev I'll nivver tak akaw mair ; Ise sure it's a varra shamful sarvis to send onny young woman on, en what I think imme hart it's dun ea nae spot but Beetham parrish. En frae this nebbors ses we er sweetharts. Jennet. Poor lass, haw they belie it ! a conny lile neat yan, it cannit bide to be taukt on ! Hah ! hah! hah! Sarah. Nay, laffen tae will. I care nowt haw 61 monny sweetharts I hev ; I sat up three neets last week wie three sendry yans, soa yee see I hev plenty. Jennet. Ise whaint soary tae hear thau er sic a maislykin ; thau er hortin thee ane health, en hap- pen for them thau caars nowt for. Preia leak awt yan an stick ta him, an let awth rest gang by ; yee can but maak yan a husband, an yee hae my wish et yee may takth best. Sarah. Thank yee, thank yee; but ye knaath fairs cumin on, an I kna oa thor lads al treat me at fair. Oa it's conny spoart tae sit up in a raum- window drinkin wine en brandy-sack, hittin caake, en leakin inteth geaat at monny a reet nice lass et can git nae yan to tak her in, an to see em leak up at yan ready to greet wie spite an envy ; oa haw I laff when I see em : an if it rain it's mair pastime behoaf, to see em stand under shop windows an ea dures dropping wet, while Ise donsin dry an warm. An ifth lads git a swoap a drink, an foe to quar- relin abaut yan, it's finer spoart behoaf tae see twoa dunces reddy to knock yan anudder's brains awt for a lass et cares nowt abaut them ; it's fearful merry. Jennet. Thau an I er ea twoa ways a thinkin. I dunnet think it's for onny woman's credit tae sit up wie sae monny lads : oppertunity is a fearful dangerous thing, en hes beenth dawnfoa ea monny a conny lass. Tak thau care et sum a thor lads dea thee nae rang : mind th aud sayin, " Shee's weel 62 keept et God keeps ;" en dunnet think sae mitch oa thee ane strength. Sarah. Thau is grown sae grave yan wad think thau wor just gangin to luv an obay. Preia when is yaur weddin feast tae be hodden ? Jennet. Ise cum tae invite yee naw ; it's tae be neisht Seterday. Sarah. Is tae leein, or is tae ea gud girnin earnest *? Jennet. Nay for sure ; fadder fowk hes meaad it up ea baith sides, en I racken Sammy an I hes nit mitch agayn it. Sarah. Whya for sure yee er a sly par ; haw snug yee hae kept it. Whya Ise cum tath be sure. Jennet. Aye, preia dea ; yee mun be my brides- maid, for thear is nae lass I like as weel as yee. I thout nit tae been wed yet, but my fadder hed a mind tae see me settled in his lifetime, an he hof- ferd tae give us laa hause tae leev in, en twoa crofts enth lile moss, a kaw, en a heffer, an awr grey horse, hoaf ath Scot hee's feedin, an a flick a bacon, woo tae meaak three par a blankets an twoa happins, en me mudder al spin an gie me twoa dusen a tow for sheets an bord claiths, an three-score paund a hard brass. Sammy thout we hed better tak him ith mind ; aud fowk mun be taen ith humour, yee kna. Sarah. Yer fadder is a varra graidly aud fello. Ise sure mine wad nit part wie a groat while he 63 leevs ; he oft says hee'l keep it as lang as he leevs, an if barns will wed they mun work as he hes dun. Yet a lile matter frae yans fadder dus weel tae beginth ward wie, an if it wor a lile Scot an twoa or three guds, it wod set yan forit ; for when yan hes awe to by, an lile toth dea with, it's hard. I nivver dare wed, what thear's meal poak, maut poak, groat poak, flawer poak, an saut poak. I nivver dare wed while ea leev, barn, for sartan. Ise quite flayd. Jennet. I warrant tae thau'l awter e that whenth reet yan cums. Me fadder wor tae hed a hundred paund wie me mudder, but me gronfadder ran back, an he nivver gat nowt frae him ; when her mudder deed she left her a shilin an a flaurd pocket, my noant Margery gat awth rest, en yee see she hes nae yan left for it. Saeah. It wor a bornin sham, for sure. Thee noant Margery's a nipper ; she wod flea two dules for yaa skin, barn. But Ise reet fain yer fadder will dea sae farently be yee; yeel dea I warrant tae ; yeel be careful an dra baith yaa way, an hee's a reet gud humourd lad, an thau mun feend awt his way, an yan stoup toth tudder; en I racken that's best way tae leev quietly yan wie tudder. Jennet. I'll dea me best to meaak him content. When he cums heaam hee'l hev oways twoa things ready for him, cleanliness an gud humour ; an what he brings I'll dea me best to gar it gang es far es ea can, for I daut monny a lass loases her f2 64 husband's luv wie gangin as lattern hafter weddin. I think I wod be mair conceted abaut me sel : what sinifies gittin a hart if yan cannit keep it. Sarah. That's reet, barn, tak maist pleaser at heaam, nivver gang frae hause tae hause gossapin an neglectin thee ane wark; it's a poar hause et deaam cannit keep her sel deain in't. I racken thaul be thrang sewin an meaakin towart haus- keepin. Jennet. Aye, wees nit gang toth aur sels this quarter, Ise be varra thrang spinnin for sure. My mudder hes geen me a par a varra fine blankets an a flaurd border she workt at school for a petycoat, I hev baund em weet, an varra grand they leak. Soa yee see Ise ossin towart hausekeepin. Sarah. Whya nowt but weel. Wees nit hev the weddin an kirsenin at yaa time, that's a cumfort. Jennet. Hed Sammy ivver offerd onny thing that's mismannerd to me, awr courtship wod sean hae been at an end. I dunnet mean to tauk agayn onny yan, but I think if o'th lasses wod keepth men at a girter distance, an nit let em tak sic liberty as they deya, thear wod be fewer lasses brout to sham than ther is, ea my mind. Sarah. Nay for sure, my noant Betty says et while lasses al tauk saucy tauk toth men, an let them tauk it ea ther hearin, lasses al dea wars ; for she says a lass et al prostitute her ears al nit stick tae deyat seaam wie her body. Jennet. Marry, I think shee's reet, for what man 65 wad chuse a wife frae sic a gang; an whativver company he keep afore weddin, hee'd like an honest wife. Sarah. I think sae teya. Thau hes behaavd thee sel varra connoly while a lass, an I dunnet fear but thaul dea soa when a wife. Jennet. I hoap sae; but tae gang an see me cusen Aggy an her husband, it wod quite flay yan frae ivver been wed. Sarah. Dustay think they deaa foe awt, or is it but nebbors' tauk ? Jennet. Lord, barn ! I saw enuff me sel. Me mudder lent her a whicknin, an we wor bawn at brew, soa I went for it ; I hard a fearful noise afore ea hoppend dure, I thout tae tornd agayn, hawivver I thrast hoppen dure, an saa sic deains as wod a welly meaad yan hong ther sel, chees-hoast liggin ath fiear, cream-pot broaken ea twoa, cream runnin rawndth hause, an they twoa liggin amang it, feightin, scrattin, an brayan yan anudder as hard as they cud, an ther feaces nowt but blead an batter. Sarah. Marcy on us frae weddin say I! Haw fell they awt, kna yee ? Jennet. When she saw me they gat up, an Tom sed, Yee see, cusen, what a lairly Ise teed teaa; this is oa her ane deains, an abaut nowt teaa. I com awt oth shuppen an esht her, hed she put up me dinner an a hotel a drink, I wos gaain toth f3 66 moss ; she sed I mud tak sum saur-milk an breaad, en be hongd, it wor tae gud for me ; she hed just takenth hoast awt oth whey, an she threw hoast, bassan, en awe at me, mist me, but dang it reet agaynth cream-pot an brack it to bits ; I gat haad on her, I thout she wor mad, she punched, scrat, an biaat, I then tumeld her dawn ath flear, an sweaar I wod bend her, for Ise sure shee's mad, or she wod nivver dea as she dus. Sic a seet yee nivver saw, her cap pood off, her hair hingin abaut her een, her bedgawn rivven, an nae neckcloth on ; she coad him oath faul neaams she cud think on. I gat a spoan an streave to seaav sum ath cream, an he an I picked upth hoast an what cream . we cud, it hed run intul sum hoals ith flear, soa et we seaavd a conny swoap ; as tae her part she sat ith neak shakin her foat an singin. He leakt abaut an tewk what he cud find for his dinner an set off. I then esht her forth whicknin. She coad Tom fearfully, an sed she hed a gud mind toth run oway frae him. I sed, I think it wod deya better en tae cud run frae thee ane ill humor, an larn tae behave the sel dutifully to thee ane husband, en nit meya the sel a cuntry's tauk ; consider thau is tae leev thee heaal life wie this man, an tae gang on a thisen is a fearful thing ; thau wants nae sence, soa preia, sed I, tak it intul consideration, an leev quietly. She cryd, an seemd wae for what she hed dun ; but haw she gangs on I knanit, for I hard 67 nowt oa her sen. I'll esh her an her husband to my weddin, for I was at thairs ; an a Goddil wees nivver dea as they dea. Sarah. For sure this weddin's like draain ith lottery, thear is monny blanks for yan prize. I think imme hart thear's few gud husbands. Dustay think thear yan in a score ? Jennet. Marry, I fear it's a lottery a baith sides, thear's monny bad wives, en oft a gud Jack meaaks a gud Jill ; but yans like toth dea yans best when yans teed. Sarah. Varra true, barn. Jennet. I desire an yee see that plaigy Dick Sanders, yeel esh him to my weddin. What if tae doon't like him thau can bide him ith seam raum, I racken. Sarah. I care nowt abaut him. Jennet. Ise glad oa that ; for Sammy an hee's terrable girt, an he towd Sammy he wor baun et wed wie his cusen Ann, sae yeel be rid on him ; I question but it's tae be neisht week. Sarah. Is tea leein ? Is toth joakin ? Preia tell truth. Jennet. What ails tea, thau leaks as if thau wor gaain to greet, thau er as white as me cap. Cum preia keep up yer hart, nae yan will tak it luv frae it. I dud it but to try yee. Sarah. Ah ! Hang thee for a lairly, thau's meaad me seek. Jennet. Aye, I see haw yeer hodden ; girt words 68 cums of wake stomacks. What, dustay forgie me lass? Sarah. Aye that ea dea; but I kna mair naw then I dud befoar, for I nivver thout I caard mitch for him, but I naw kna I cannit bide tae part wie him. I'd be laith he knew it, it wod mak him aboon wie his sel. Jennet. Whya, as thau hes fund awt thau likes yan better then awth rest, preia send tudder to leak for sweetharts in anudder spot. Sarah. I think I sal. What, er yee bawn ? Jennet. Aye, I meaad a lang stay, awr fowk al be at heaam afore me. Yee hev a paur a conny sheep aforeth dure. I forgat to tell thee I saw ea yaa field as ea com throu yaa ya be it sel, I thout it wor mappen badly. Sarah. Ise set tae a bit, then Ise see what ails it. My fadder gav me four lams, an last yeer they hed twoa a-piece, oa but yan ; soa thau sees I hae sumet toart a fortun. Stay while ea putth key owarth dure. Naw Ise reddy. END OF DIALOGUE III. DIALOGUE IV. Between Barbary and Mary, containing observa- tions and remarks on a journey to London. Barbary. Sartanly ! er yee gitten heaam agayn ? Mary. Aye, I cam heaam yester neet, an I thout I wud tae see yee first spot ea went tea. En haw er yee awe heer? Haw's yaur gud man an my lile god- dowter ? I brout her a Lunon laken, a conny bab. Barbary. Ah Lord ! it's fearful pratty indeed ; but yee wur tae bleaam tae put yersel tae onny cost abaut her, shee'l be meaar praud on it. Her fadder hes nivver been weel senth cock-feights ; he gat drunk an fell ith loan, an gat caad : he meaans him fearfully on his back. Mary. Waist hart! that's bad; it's brout on ruematism, I racken. Barbary. Aye, hee's sairly plaigd wee't. Yer leak white. Haw likd yee Lunon ? Mary. Nit et awe. I wad nit leev thear for auth ward ; it's a miry dirty spot, an sic rumblin a coaches an carts we can hardly hear yan anudder tauk ; full a pride an that ets dannet. 70 Barbary. Fowk tauks et yer unkle hes left yee a thausand paund : a girt porshon indeed. Yee'l hev sweetharts enaw, for naw-a-days lads is awe for lasses wie brass. Mary. Ise varra thankful for my shear ; I nivver expected onny thing frae him ; he nivver tewk onny kennin tae me in his lifetime ; an I leakd for nowt at his death. He hes left me cusen monny a thausand, but they er sae grand they'l kna haw tae spend it. Barbary. I daut paur Thomas el be thrawn awt a favor ; thau'l leak heer. Mary. Ise be in nae hast abaut it ; Ise think tae weel a mesel tae hev out tae dea wie onny I kna. I hev enuff, en ea meaak gud use on't. As tae Thomas we hed a sort of a bree on't afore ea went ; I think Ise hev nae mair tae dea wie him. Barbary. Wheu ! wheu ! Sweetharts foes awt en foes in oft ; yee'l kiss an be frens. What was tae jellus on him, lass ? Mary. Yee mun kna I hed geen him me cum- pany a heal yeer, an I thout him a varra graidly lad, en I cud hev trysted mesel wie him onny whaars ; but yaa neet we wur sittin tegedder, en he behaavd his sel varra unseemly tae me ; I gat frae him hefter mitch scraffling, an lit up a cannel, an set it ath teaable; he eshd what that wur for; I towd him tae leak at him, I wod see if he cud for sham dea ith leet what he hed offerd ith dark ; I bid him git heaam, an nivver mair cum ea my 71 cumpany; he leakd varra silly, an wod fain hev meaad it up, but I wodn't. Week hefter I went tae Lunon. Barbary. Whya mind tesel, an thau may git a man wie a staat. Mary. Whya I cud hae been wed ea Lunon, tul a man et hed a girt shop, en dond as fine, en leakd like a squire ; but I dud nit like tae leev in a tawn. He wur me cusen's wife breeder, an she meaad a girt tae due for me tae hev him ; but I wadn't, I hed nae mind et awe. Barbary. Haw likes tae Lunon ? Plenty wod hae the when thau hes sae mitch money, either ith tawn er cuntry. I sud hae been whaint sorry hed tae wed that man an stayd thear. Wur tae nit afeard a gangin awt ? Mary. I nivver went awt be mesel, er Ise sure I sud hae been lost, for yee nivver sae mair fowk at Kendal Fair than is oways ith streets ; an when we er gangin yee er sae knockd an jowd, an bemired wie dirt, et yee mun hev clean stockins ivvery time yee gang awt, or ye wod be a sham tae be seen. I wur sae teerd wie waukin twoa miles ith streets, nay warse then ivver I wur wie a day's shearin ; me cusen wur sae fat she cud nit wauk, soa we maaistly raaid. Barbary. What did the cusen keep a horse an a shanderee ? Mary. Nay, nay, nit he, we oways raaid in a coach. Whya, barn, yee may hire a coach ea onny 72 street ; ivvery soul ea Lunon rides ea coaches : howd up yer finger an they'l cum ! Barbary. Lord ! lord ! what a fine spot it mun be. What maislikins yan is nit tae gang fra heaam when yan is young. What fearful things thau hes seen, en I nivver mun see : I mun stay atth awd spot awe me life. Mary. Nae dout but gangin frae heaam is varra pleasin, en meaaks a girt auteration in yans man- ners ; a body knaas better haw tae carry thersel when they er amang gentlefowk; yan leaks nit quite sae gawmin. Barbary. En preia what dud yee see ? Wor yee at onny plays er merry- neets ? Mary. Plays ! plays ! aye, aye, I wur at a play, but I hard oa nae merry-neets. I wur at yaa play they cood a tragedy ; me cusen an I went sean tae git a gud spot ; th playhause wur bigger than Beetham kirk; we steaad a lang time atth dure befoar we cud git in, but when I dud git in I wur quite gloperd tae see sic a grand pleaase, far bigger than Beetham kirk, an set raund wie forms, an they wur ready tae rive ; an monny on em hed brout wine, an punch, an caaks, an oranges, an seemd varra merry; hefter a while, I think imme hart thear wor forty fiddlers an trumpets an horns, oa maks, streak up an playd a varra conny tune ; then a lang green curtain wur drawn up, an a fine lang picture at reachd fraeth top oth hause toth bottom, then it oppend ith midst an play began. It wur 73 summet abaut yaa king killin anudder, nay, he kilt him befoar awr feaces, an a varra fine aud man he wor, I cud nit help greetin he wur sae like me gronfadder. Barbary. En what then, I preia ? Mary. Whya then thear com twoa lile lads, an this lairly ugly bargand wie a plaigy dannet tae morder em, an then he puzend his wife, an kilt monny mair, then he went tae bed. Marcy on us ! me varra flesh creeps omme bains while I tell yee, haw thor fowk et he hed kilt, raaise awt oth yearth, an steaad raund him, en thof he wor asleep he saa em, en he wrought, en greaand, en bawnced as en he hed been in a fit, at last he whackerd en wor ill flayd ; wicked es he was, I cud nit help being sorry for him ; a bad consence mun be a sair thing tae bide. He sed he war warse freetend wie dreamin then ivver he wur ea battle. Barbary. Hang sic lairlys ! I hev nae pity for em. What end dud he meaak ? Mary. Sic rappis comonly git their due. He wur kilt be yan at was meaad king in his raum. But what vexd me warse then awth tudder, me cusen wad meaak me believe it wor awe true. Lunoners wod threap awt intul cuntry-fowk, an think they will be soft enuff tae swallow awe their lees, but she was mistane ea me. Barbary. Aye, they think varra lile of us. Mary. It wor hardly hoaf owar when this lairly wur kilt. Thear wor a lang pictur hung frae top G 74 oth hause tath bottom, it seemd hoaf-a-haaiker lang, it wur slit ith midst, they draad it a baith sides, an then we saa a fine wood wie picturs like raeks an scars as we see on Beetham fell, ant sun peepin awt on a claud, it shind reet on a girt egg at laid ath fleur, an yee mud see it stir, hefter a bit it fell ea twoa an awt jumpt a lile blackemoor; it thunnerd terrably, en awt oth yearth rin a droace a witches, an they leakd at this lile blackemoor, an they seemd fearful fond on him, an dud their spels owar him ; belive yee mud see him wax, nay I tell nae lees, they gav him a wooden sword, I thout it wur liker a girt thible, an he wur as big es a man in a minit ; they charmd this sword soa that he cud dea what he wod wie it ; he wor sae pleasd he lowpt an beald abaut like a young bull; witches steaad gloarin at him, an then sank intoth yearth ; he dancd abaut, en wur dond like a mountebank's foal, when a site a fowk com in wie fiddlers gangin tae a weddin, en sumhow this black fello contrivd tae steaal th wife et sud hae been, en gat off wie her unknane* Barbary. Ea my thout she mud be a leet en, et cud sae sean awter her mind : she wur better lost then fund. Mary. Aye, but I racken th man thout udderwas, for he sent hefter her, ent sarvant fand her awt, an went en meaad sum meamuas tae his maister, for they nivver yan on em spaek oath time, they wur then hefter him ; but he sean cheated em, for whoap 75 went thor picturs, en oa at yance thear wur woaars biggin a girt grand hause ; Ise sure I was gloppend haw it com thear, I wur sairly flayd ; black run up streight toth top oth biggin, man hefter him, black pood awt his thibel et witches gav him, hit it a knock, daun com th hause man en awe. Aye, ye gloar, but it's true for sartan. Sum time I thout it mud be cunjerin an a wicked sin, but when I leakd raund an saa th king an queen, an monny a ther barns, an a deal a fine fowk beside, I thout it mud be summet like a man I yance saa at Millthop, et cunjered money awt of yans pocket, an cut ther neckclaith an gloves ea monny bits, an when he gav it yee wur nae warse ; an he wur a fine gentle- man et wad nit hae dun it if it wor nit reet. Barbary. Larnin is a fine thing tae be sure, en scholars can dea what sic as me wad think cudn't be done wieawt the Dule's help. But gang on, a preia. Mary. As sean as th hause wor dawn, black com in, he streaak wie his sword, as he coad it, an thear wor forty barns gitten ther lessons, en this black lairly lurkd amang em, but he wur sean seen be yan oth wediners, en ran tae tell ; black dond maister's gawn on, then sum fellows wad tak him, but he scaapd yance mair, for nae body kent him he wor bawnd ith lang gawn ; then, ea less time then I cud tell, anudder comical trick a thor picturs ; thear wor a windmill gangin, black ran up a stee, man hefter him, on toth top, black jumpd dawn eth far side, g2 76 paur man wur ath fleers, en raund it went, he cryd awt terrably, an weel he mud, yee kna he cudn't help bein sadly hort ; black com tae this side oth mill, hit a bang wie his sword, dawn went paur maislykin en oa ; next up started a smiddy, thear wur a steddy en men maakin horse-shoon, I saa a man blaw th belas. Barbary. Whya for sure this leaks varra like cunjerin, an yet awr king is quite tae gud a man tae gang tae onny spot but what's reet, thau may be sure. Dustay nit think et thor seets thau saa isn't let yan behind anudder, en when black felt picturs owar, then yee saa em ? Whya it may be soa, I knanit ; but what thinks tae ? Mary. Marry ! I nivver thout ea that, for I was ill flayd, en gat up en sed I wad gang heaam, I wad stay nae longer, for I thout nin but the Dule cud dea sic tricks. Barbary. Marcy on us ! Marcy on us ! What deains yee hev seen. Com yee heaam then ? Mary. Nay, barn, I cud nit git awt, but I shut me een, an nivver hoppend em mair tul awe was owar. Me cusen wor bleady mad at me, cood me cuntry foals, clauns, an I knanit what ; she taukd sae fast en sae fine, I kent nit what she sed, sae it wor quite lost ea me. Barbary. What, went ye tae onny other spots, or dud ye gang agayn toth playhause. Mary. Nay, I'd hed enuff; we went tae see th giants. Lord hae marcy on me ! they hed feaces 77 as braaid as th dial at Dallam Tawer, en I think they wod nit stand strick up ith heeghst hause ith parish. Barbary. Lord ! Lord ! what yee hev seen ! Wor thor giants alive ? Mary. Nay, nay, lemme see, — they er nit whick I racken ; they er what they coo otamys. Barbary. Like enuff. What saw yee else ; onny new farly ? Mary. I quite forgitten tae tell yee what a nice donee I saw et play -hause. Thor picturs draaid aside, en then we saw a fine lang wood, en et far end a man an a woman wur cumin owar a steel, they com down oth way donsin, an a varra conny tune they hed; thay wor sae lish they seemd hardly tae touch groond, I cud hae leakd at em awe day ; when they wor teerd awt com six men an as monny wimen awt oth side ath raum, an sic fine donsin I nivver saa ner mun see agayn ; they wur awe bawnd alike, an I nivver saa onny like em ea awe me horn days. Barbary. I sud hae likd tae been wie yee; I wur oways fearful fond ea donsin, Saa yee awt else et wur conny while yee stayd ? Weel may gentl- fowk be fond ea gangin tae Lunon, when thear sae monny spoarts for em tae gang tae. But preia tell on, for I cud hear the for ewer. I hoap thau hasn't dun? Mary. Dun ! I think it wod tak a month tae tell thee what I've seen ; but ea my mind I saw a deal ea g3 78 witchcraft an cunjeration. I wur yaa time gangin wie me cusen's wife dawn a lang street, an she sed, Leak up at that clock. We stud a hit, an I saa twoa men cum awt oa eider side eth clock, an when it streak they hit it bang wie a club. She sed they wur meaad a wood. But can wood dea this ? Sham ith ward ! sic deains near a kirk, it mun be rang Ise sartan. Barbary. This Lunon mun be a fearful wicked spot. Dustay think thear is nae godly fowk in't ? Mary. I knanit, for me cusen fowk nivver went toth kirk while I staid. I wur whaint sorry tae hear her tell her dowters tae hod thersels ea this lids an that lids, but nae prayer or catechism I hard ; they wor corlin an donnin anth forenean, anth hefter we raaid in a coach intul sum cuntry spot tae tee an then we hed a bottl a wine an caak: rare leevin, we wanted for nowt, neider tae hit ner drink ; but for awe that I wished mysel at heaam agayn Ise sure. Barbary. What, te cusen sure wad be kind tae the? Mary. Aye, he was varra weel, but she was oways at me abaut me donnin, an wanted me tae by this kirly merly er tudder. I was forcd tae by monny things et I thout I'd lile occashon for, er they wad nit gang awt wie me. I used to esh what I mud dea wie em when ea gat heaam ; I towd her I wur brout up ith cuntry, whaar a mannerly bed- gawn an linsey petycoat whaar owr ivvery day 79 donnin, en ea conny stamp gawn for Sunday, an I thout I leakd es weel es my nebbors, an es for settin mesel up for a gentlwoman I nivver sud, for I hed nit manners for't, I sud meak mashment on't, sae I hed better be as ea was. Barbary. Yee sed truly indeed, for tae be dond fine an knanit haw to carry yansel, we sud be nowt but spoart for ivvery foal. I oft leak at awr squire's wife en think haw nice she leaks, en sum haw carrys hersel es I cudn't en ea hed oth ward ; they larn toth donee en sing, en tak conny steps, an howd thersels up, an dea es yee en I cudn't dea ; beside they er oways wie sic as thersels, an heers nae ruff tauk. Mary. Varra true ; but when I towd her haw I hed leevd, she wod fling up her heaad an leak as scornful, an coo me a wulgar cratur ; anth dowter, et was nit owar foreteen, wod thra up her heaad like an unbroken cout at me wulgality. Barbary. Marcy on us ! what wur that ? Mary. Nay I knanit what she meaant, sae I wur yeasy abaut it. Me cusen's wife is dond up in a forenean wie a yallow silk neckclaith raund her heaad, her gawn drawn up tae her gisard, en a girt ruff raund her neck, sae leetly clad yee may see her shap ; for sartan I shamd wie em I promise yee, when I wur dond awt imme ruff en es they wod hae me, I wur sae shamd I thout ivvery yan leakt at me. Barbary. Lord hev marcy on us ! what fashons thear is ith ward. 80 Mary. Sic deains imme cusen's hause yee nivver wad belive. Me unkle gat him a gud spot, an left him monny thausans er he cud nit dea as he dus ; dowters lams tae play on a thing cood a pena, hes a maister cummin twice a week tae teach em ; they sang teat, but I think I cud hev bangd eider on em at singin wieawt a maister. Barbary. Why an they gang on a thisan they'l spend what they hev. Thau ses she wur dond awt ith moarnin, what dud she don twice ea yaa day ? Mary. Aye, ith hefternean she wor ea muslin as thin es a cap boarder, an sae lang they lapd raund chaars an teaables enuff tae ding em owar. Lang coaats is fit for nae raums but sic es Dallam Tawer, whaar ther gawns can traail alang wieawt gittin haad ath guds, er draain th fender hefter em. Barbary. It wur a lile hause I racken ? Mary. Th parlour wur lile enuff, but what they cood th draain-raum wur a varra fine yan, an a gay girt en ; I staard first time I wur in't tae see sic grand deains ; she knackd en sed she wur tae hev a party that ewnin. Barbary. A party ! what's that preia ? Mary. What, barn ! I knew nae mair then thee what she meant, but I fand it wur a paur a fowk com tae lake et cards, an hed tee at eight o'clock, she eshd me if I cud lake ; I sed, Aye, et three handed lant, an pops, an pars. She fetchd up a girt gird a laffin, an sed Nane thear knew sic cuntry gams. 81 Barbary. Thau mud ea sed her maister kent it, en awe his seed, breed, an generation ; for sure they er aboon ivvery thing, pride mun hev a foa. Mary. Ea lile bit afoar I com away, th audest dowter com intae my loft, an sed, cusen see what my papa hes meaad me a present on, a beautyful wig. Ea wig, sed I, I wur guite gloppend. Leak, sed she, Don't I leak mighty well in't. I knew nit what to say, I sed, I think you want nae wig, ye hev haar enuff. She fleard imme feace an sed, It's quite th fashon, but cuntry peple er sae claunish won can't mak them dacent. But she spak sae fine, I can't tauk like her, en yee'l me belive, soa she siseld awt eth loft saain, Why mudder hes a wig. Barbary. Is tae leein ? or is tae speakin truth ? Sflesh ! thaii's maakin gam Ise sure. Is ther onny gardins eth Lunon, er is it awe hauses ? Mary. Aye, sic a yan as yee nivver saa, barn, for oa maks a gardin stuff, en potates wieawt end, et ivver ye can neaam, en far cheaper then it's at Kendal ; raas oa carts, an it's a reet nice spot. Barbary. What is ther but yaa gardin ? Mary. Aye, monny scores I dar be bawnd, but they oa cum here toth be selt ; they coo this spot Common Gardin, an ivvery yan gangs thear tae by ; thear is oa maks ea things tae sel. Ea Lunon if yee hev monay, ye may hev awt tae hit onny time ith day, reddy roasted er boild. It's a wondros spot, en yet I was glad tae leaave it. Barbary. Aye, thau thout a paur Thomas ; 82 thau gat nae huddlin ea Lunon, I racken. Spaek truth, dud tae nivver wish the sel wie him ; hee's a bonny young man Ise sure, en they say et Eet, his cusen, is varra fond on him. But cum, what else dud tae see ? Mary. Yaa day me cusen sed Sadlers Wells wor oppend that neet ; oh then we mun oa gang, for th play-hause wur shut, she sed. We set off in a coach tae this Sadlers Wells. Thear wur a pawer oth fidling, en men donsd a raaips, hed a teaable en glasses on it, I knanit haw they dud, I wur quite freetend wie em; then ea man donsd on a slack wire, I thout he wod brick his neck. Me cusen laffd an seemd fearfully pleasd; but I thout the wire leakd nae thicker then noggy wife thread ; he swang on't an seemd varra careless ; I wur reddy toth soond, I thout he wad brick his neck; he went up a stee at steaad agayn nowt ; I wur then sure I mud be amang dules. I gat tae say th Lord's Prayer, then I knew nowt cud hort me. Me cusens clapt ther hands, an offen eshd me, Is nit this clever ? Is hit nit great? Dud yee ivver see th like ea Westmorland ? Nay, thout I, God for- bid I sud ; we er brout up thear ith fear ea God, an nit ea wonderin at dule tricks. At last donsin was owar, en thear cum sum lile tinny dogs dond ea gawns en petycoats, they donsd an staad up ea ther hinder legs ; then com a pig an towd for tuns, this was the connyest seet I saa ea Lunon, pig sed I sud nit be a yeer unwed : think ea that Barbary. 83 Barbae. y. Whya like enuff; I think that may cum true. Mary. I knanit what may happen, hut I hae nea thouts on't at this time. I hev sum thouts ea gangin tae Lirple for a month, I hev a cusen thear hes oft eshd me tae cum. I think tae gang ith stage-coach, for Ise weary wie sailing. Barbary. Whya whar dud thau sail teya ? Mary, Whya I saild monny a time while I wur ea Lunon. Thear is oways boats liggin ith watter for onny yan et el hire em. We went teya a spot coad Greenige ea yan a thor lile boats ; I wor ill flayd, for we seemd close toth flead. I saa a terrable fine palace, an a conny park, a heigh hill in't, we went toth top on't, an me cusen sed, Sit dawn ath this form. I dud, en oway it ran toth bottom wie me; I nivver thout but I sud hae been ith back, en I cud nit stop mesel whativver I cud dea ; me cusen followed me, an tuck haad omme arm up agayn, en wur varra merry wie me, but I telt him I likd nae sic spoart ; en wur glad when we gat heaam agayn et neet. Ya thing I saa et pleasd me weel, that wor swans sittin ith watter; they leakd varra grand indeed. Barbary. I hev hard a swans. What er they preia, I forgit ? Mary. They er like girt geese, er rader like girt steggs, sittin ath top oth watter; they leak sae grand ; en if ye hev onny caak er owt tae giv em, 84 they'l follow th boat they er sae teaam. Nae yan dar kill em. Barbary. What er th king's ? What ye saa him, enth wife, enth barns? Mary. Hee's a varra gud leakin auld man, an shee's a fine leakin woman ; shee's like yee I think, she taks a deal ea snuff; dowters is varra fine young quality maak ea wimmen ; they hed oa girt heaps on, an sic fedders ea ther heads, an necks shines like stars. But I saa lyons, an queen's ass, an lord mare, an methodist chappel, an Bagnio Wells, en twoa men hangd et Newgate, en forty things beside. Barbary. Whya for sure yee'l be priaam cum- pany ea lang winter neets. I wod I wor neer yee, yee'l be for Kirby tae yer noant's ; I racken yee'l nit gang tae Lirple yet ? Mary. Nae, I cannit find imme hart tae leaav her yet ; shee's been a mudder tae me, an she sal want for nout naw I hev it imme paur, for her ane barn is soa taen up wie huddlin et she minds nin of her ; hed her fadder thout she wod hev dun es she hes, he wod hev left her mudder mair, en her less. But I fear nout et dow el cum on her en she don't awter sean. Barbary. I hear shee's gaain tae wed Fredrick et com wie sum girt sougers to Kirby. Is it true, thinkstea ? I daut en she dea shee'l maak a paur weddin on't. 85 Mary. Shee'l hev him en hee'l hev her, for shee's stark mad on him ; awe her kin hes taukd tae her. She says hev him she will en she ligs in a sendry kaw boose ivvery neet ; nay, shee'l gang ea beggin wie him. Barbary. Like enuff she will, for it's my thout hee's an arrant dannet. Mary. I nivver ea oa my time kent yan oa thor luv matches ivver dea weel: thear sud be sum thout as well as luv. What can yan dea wie a hause-full ea barns, an nowt but luv tae gang tae market wie ; will it by bread er flesh ? nay, ittel groo varra coad when it's dond ea poverty. Luv parrd wie a lile tae stock a farm, en by twoa er three guds, dus varra weel. Barbary. Whya, for her ane seak, I wish she wod dea weel Mary. Lord, barn, shee's gittin in wie sic a gang as el nivver dea her gud, en indeed shee's quite ea bait hersel. Barbary. Dud tae see the cusen Cicely while thau wor ea Lunon ? Mary. Aye, monny a time. She keeps a girt yale-hause, welly beeth Tawer, en shee's groon sic a girt fat tulse es yee nivver saa; but they due fearful weel. I sud step in tae see yaur nebbors en ant er they will be vexed, en think me porshon hes meaad me praud. Barbary. Dunnet stay lang, gud lass. I'll hev tee reddy sean ; I nowt but bread tae toaast ; kettle H dus boil. Hang the for a mammelt ! leak at this lairly tom-cat haw he hes hitten a bit raund ivvery bun ; for sure me maister maks sae mitch wark wie him es en he wor a lile barn. Mary. Lord bless us ! hee's a fearful girt cat, he wod flay yan wor yan tae meet him in a wood, I nivver saa his marrow ; but I racken he leevs weel maaks him groo ea this lids. Ba'rbary. Aye, hee'l tak caar on his sel. Naw dunnet stay. Mary. I'll be back en nea time. END OF DIALOGUE IV. 87 A SONG. BY MRS. ANNE WHEELER. Tune, — "Bobbin Joan." /^i UD morrow, gossip Nan, ^^^ Haw dus awe at heaam dea ? Haw dus ivvery yan, Lile Dick en awe dea ? Tom is gaylie weel, Sends his sarvis teaa ; Sail hes hor her heel, Er wod hea cum et seea. Lile Dick hes deet his coat, Wie follin widdle waddle, He slird in wie his foat Intul a dirty poadle. Spinky hes coav'd a bull, En I thout tea selt it ; Soo brak awt oth hull En varra nearly kilt it. Bett is girt wie barn ; I think they'r awe gane crasy ; She'd better mind her garn, But she's fearful laasey. h 2 En wha dea think mun haait, They say simple Sammy ; Troth ! I'd be laith to say't, But it belongs to Jammy. Awr lass hes taen her tow, An gane in heaste to don her, Shee's gaain toth this show, For nowt et dow el cum on her. Jennet went toth see't, En com an telt sic wonders, She sed nin like them cud deat; Why, barn, they meaad it thunder. Sic deains is awt ea rule, Yee may be varra sartan, They'r dealin wie the Dule When they dra up ther cortan. Wod awr Tom but stay oa neet, When he gangs wie fish tae Kendal, Mass ! I'd gang en see't, I'd kna haw they fend all. I hae gitten a swoap a gin, Rare hummin liquor, Troth, I'm on the merry pin, Cum gud lass be quicker. Here's to oa awr varra gud healths, En may we hae plenty on it ; I hate to drink by stealth, Sfish ! I hardly ken my bonnit. 89 I cannit miss this spot, But mun coo et seea, I'd rader gang rawndth Knot, Then nit say haw deea. Fare yee weel, dear Ann. As I am a sinner, Clock hes strucken yan, Fleaks toth fry for dinner. THE KIRBY FEIGHT.* "PIGHTY-EIGHT wor Kirby feight, When nivver a man was slain ; They yatt their meaat, an drank ther drink, An sae com merrily heaam agayn. * After the abdication of James the Second, in the year 1688, a rumour was spread in the north of England, that he was lying off the Yorkshire coast, ready to make a descent with a numerous army from France, in hopes of regaining his lost throne. This report gave the Lord Lieu- tenant of Westmoreland an opportunity of showing his own and the people's attachment to the new order of things ; he accordingly called out the Posse Comitatus, comprising all able-bodied men from sixteen to sixty. The order was obeyed with alacrity, and the inhabitants met armed in a field called Miller's Close, near Kendal, from whence they marched to Kirby Lonsdale. This historical fact explains the above popular rhyme, the meaning of which is, at this day, perhaps, not generally understood. 90 THE APPLEBY SCHOOL-BOY'S SPEECH. n IT7 r E wur twoa lile lads et hed tae coe et a smiddy, tae hev our new clogs cakert en snout bandit. Hefter that we clanterd dawnt street, en hed tae gang tae a lile tawn coed Burrels ; we set dawn that titter up sud coe tudder up neisht mornin, but it happend that I laid ower lang ea bed. I plaid trouen three heaal days, en then ventert tae gang taet skule. When th maister saa me, he sed, You sir, cum here. I went up sadly freetent. He sed, What for hev yee been sae lang away ? I sed, I wod hae cum titter, but th wedder was sae clashy, anth loans sae clarty, et me grond- fadder sed I cud nivver git teaard throut. THE BRIGSTEER PEAT-LEADER'S SPEECH. 1\/fY deam gat a bad stitchen pain in her side this summer wie forkin hay; she tryd oa ath nebbors cud think on tae mend her, but nin on them cud due her onny gud. She was sae ill, barn, I wod nit hev given a peat for her life ; but hevin sum of Rauk's Balsam ith cubbert, et awr lad hed 91 been tackin on for a brocken showder, an he is now mendan connoly, thinken it mappen mud due her gud, she gat hald et bottle, wieawt mindent direction-paaper, an teuk a girt swig ; it went thro ivvery bean in her skin, aye, tea her varra teaa- ends, barn ! She was better derectly, en hes aild nowt nivver sen. END OP THE WESTMORELAND DIALECT. A GLOSSARY OF THE WESTMORELAND AND CUMBERLAND DIALECT. A, or Ay, always ; ever. Aandorn, Orndorn, or Orn-Djnner. (The word is thus pronounced in most districts of Cumber- land ; but in Durham, Northumberland, and Yorkshire, and probably elsewhere, it is pro- nounced doundrins and down-dinner.) An afternoon's repast, or any occasional refection after dinner; also simply the afternoon. — Vide Boucher's Glossary. "For th' las oandurth boh one, me measterhad lik t' o killt men." — Tim Bobbin. Abaut, about. Aboon, or Abuin, above ; overhead. Acker, to curl, as the curl of water from the wind : hence, ackerspire, the term for the shooting of barley when in steep for malt. — MS. Glossary. Ackern, an acorn. Addiwissen, had I known it. Addle, pronounced in Cumberland ettle, to earn by working. " Oft has he dadg'd on manny a clarty gyate And blowy neet, to save hur dry and warm ; Oft has he wakent suin, and labour'd lyate, To addle brass 'at he mud stock a farm." — A Lamentation on the Death of Roger, a Pastoral in the Westmoreland Dialect, by Mr. T. Wilkinson, in MS. 94 In some counties it is applied to the growth of corn, &c, as " that crop addles," that is, thrives ; in which sense it is used by Tusser, — " Where ivy embraceth the tree very sore, Kill ivy, else tree will addle no more." Addlings, earnings; wages received for work. Advisin, advising, Ae, a, or one. Aery, or Airy, a nest of an eagle or hawk. — Vide a grant, in which " harts and hinds, wild boars and their kinds, and all aries of hawks," are reserved. — Hutchinson's Cumberland, vol. 1, p. 523. A petit serjeantry is also held in Cum- berland " by keeping the king's aeries of gos- hawks." — Nicolson and Burns Cumberland, vol. 1, p. 22. It means also a young brood of hawks, as well as the nest in which they are pro- duced. Afit, on foot. Afoar, or Afwore, before. A-foat, a-foot ; as " a design is a-foot." Agayn, again. Agaynth, or Agean, against. Aggy, Agnes. Agna yles, or Angnayles, corns on the feet. — Grose. But in the north of England, the more customary application of the word angnail, or, as it seems to be pronounced, nangnail, is rather to designate the painful gro wing-in of the nails of the feet, than either a corn, or the small whitlow, sometimes called a bach-friend. — Bouchers Glossary. A-gy, or A-jee, awry. Ahint, behind. Ahorse, on horseback. Aikton, a village near Wigton. Ail, to be indisposed. Airt, Airth, or Arcte (pronounced in Westmore- 95 land, art), a point or part of the horizon or com- pass ; a district or portion of the country. " What airt is the wind in?" that is, from what point does it blow. Aither, either; also; each. " Aw so three greet hee fellows cummin up t' loanin, an' aither o' them had a great big stick iv 'is hand." — I saw three great tall men coming up the lane, and each of them had a great stick in his hand. A-jy, or A-gee, awry. A'l, I'll, I will. Alaan, alone. Alang, along. Aleis, alas. Alegar (pronounced in Westmoreland, allekar), Vinegar. From ale-aigre— sour ale. " What is it to us should there really be four millions of toadpoles in a single drop of vinegar ! God has wisely hid them frae our seet. I grant it that ya drop of alligar may be an ocean to sic tiny inhabitants ; but when yan comes ashore 'twill be time enough to study his shap'." — A Plain Address, written in the provincial dialect of the barony of Kendal. Printed at Kendal, 1785, p. 12. Allar, or Eller, an alder tree, the Betula Alnus. It was owing, no doubt, to the frequency of this tree, and the favour in which it was held by our ancestors, that it furnished a name to two of the five wards or hundreds into which the county of Cumberland is divided. Allerdale, a name of great antiquity. — Boucher. All-Hallows, All-Saints' day, the first of Novem- ber. " It is remarkable that whilst the old popish names for the other fasts and festivals, such as Christmas, Candlemas, Lammas, &c, are gene- rally retained throughout England, the northern counties alone continue the use of the ancient term for the festival of All-Saints." — Boucher. Vide Burns's poem of Halloween, and the curious i 2 96 notes explanatory of the charms and spells of this evening, which were in a great degree common to both countries, and still form a portion of the popular creed in the north of England. Alt,y, the aisle of a church. Allyblaster, alabaster. A very old barbarism. Ambrie, or Ambry, a pantry or cupboard. Amackily, in some fashion; partly. Amang, among. Ameast, or Amyast, almost. An, if. An', or En', and; also. Anan, instantly ; immediately. And aw, and all ; as well ; likewise. Ane, own. Anenst, over against ; opposite to. Anters, in case. Anth', and the. Anudder, another. Anunder, beneath. Arr, the mark or seam of a flesh wound ; a cicatrice. Thus, pocJc-arrs, the marks made by the small-pox. Arrant, errand ; used also for a disorderly person. Ard, or Aird, high, when applied to the name of a place. It is also used in Cumberland, abstract- edly, to describe the quality of a place, a country, a field : thus, ard- land means a dry, parched, or arid soil, which no doubt is but its secondary sense, such lands being dry, parched, &c, only because they lie high. — Boucher. Ariet, Harriet. Aroun', around. Arval, a funeral. — Grose and BrocJcett. Arval- bread, bread so named from the practice of dis- tributing the loaves in the open air at funerals, 97 which the receiver is expected to carry home with him. As-buird, or Ass-buurd, ashes-board ; a box in which ashes are carried. Ashler. Grose gives this word as peculiar to Cumberland, and signifying " a large freestone ;" but it is a term very common among builders all over the kingdom, to denote freestone as it comes from the quarry. Ash-trug, a coal-scuttle. Ass, to ask, Assart, cleared ; reclaimed. Assart lands are forest lands reclaimed. — Hutchinson 's Cumber- land, vol 1, p. 382. Ast, asked. 'At, that. At, or At th', at the ; or at ; or upon. Atomy, an anatomy; a skeleton; the human frame divested of its integuments. Attercoppe, or Addercop, a spider's web. Atween, between. Aughts, or Outs, any considerable quantity. ; 'Is there outs of men, hay, apples, &c. — MS. Glossary. Auld, or Awd, old. Auld Nick, the Devil. " .... how fast hes Auld Nick sic folk in his clutches." — Address in the Kendal Dialect. Aunty, aunt. Aursels, ourselves. Auter, an altar. Many of our old authors write this word auter, or awter. The high altar is a term retained in Cumberland, where it is pro- nounced as one word, hee-autre. Aver, a common hack or cart-horse. — Vide Nicol- son and Burn's Westmoreland and Cumberland, vol. 1 , p. 590. i 3 98 Aw, or Awe, all. Awnd, the awn or beard growing out of barley or other grain. In the south of Cumberland and Westmoreland, the word awns is often pro- nounced ANGS. Awn, own. Awner, owner ; possessor. Awruddy, already. Awt, out. Awter, to alter. Awteration, alteration. Awth,' all the. Ax, to ask. Ay, always ; ever ; also an expression of wonder. Aye, yes. Ayont, beyond. Azzard, a little sneaking or insignificant fellow. — MS. Glossary. B. Baad, a whore. Baaist, baste. Baait, to bite. Back-bworb, a large board on which housewives roll out the dough previous to making it into loaves ; it is about two feet six inches in diameter. Back-end, the latter part of the day, month, year, &c. ; the autumn. Backseyde, any ground at the back part of a house, not confined to the court or area behind. This word, when pronounced by a north countryman, seldom fails to excite risibility, and certainly with some reason, if we allow it the full scope of punning interpreta- tion : for example — a farmer's man brings in a cart-load of furze from the common, for which there proves to be no room on his master's premises, and the man very naturally asks, " Wharr he mun put thaim whins ?" " Gea thy ways,' says his master, " and see an thou can put them up Mary White's backseyde." 99 Bad, bid ; entreated ; asked ; invited. Badger, a cadger or pedlar ; but originally a person who purchased grain or meal at one market, and took it on horseback to sell at another. — Broclcett. Badly, ill. Baggin, food. A coarse term used in Cumberland. Bailies, bailiffs. Bain, ready; near, applied to a road. Bainer-way, a nearer way. Baith, both. Ballat, a ballad. Bandylan, a female of bad character. Bane, or Bain, a bone. Banefire, a bonfire ; a fire kindled on the heights at appointed places in times of rejoicing. Bang, to beat ; a blow ; also an action of haste, as " he com' in wi' a bang." Banged, beaten. Bannocks, bread made of oatmeal, thicker than common cakes. Bargh, a hill or rising-ground. Ray says that in Yorkshire it denotes a " horse- way up a steep hill." Barn, or Bairn, a child; also used in a familiar way of speaking one to another. Barnekins, the outermost ward of a castle, within which ward the barns, stables, &c, were placed. — JVicolson and Burn's Cumberland, vol. 1, p. 51. Barring-out. This rude custom is still kept up in the country schools of the north, and in a note to Jackson's Poems, written in the remoter parts of Cumberland and Northumberland, is thus described : — " The boys having, either by stratagem or assault, ob- tained possession of the school-room at an early hour in the morning, previous to the vacation, oblige the master, upon his arrival, to enter into a kind of treaty with them, the terms of which are proposed by the senior boys ; who, intos- 100 icated with their newly-acquired power, and encouraged by the acclamations of their companions, disdain to sur- render but upon what they consider the most honourable terms. These are, the prolongation of the period for play; the exemption from tasks during that period ; and a variety of other conditions, for the true performance of which, each of the stipulating parties has occasionally a guarantee. Everything at length being adjusted, the doors are thrown open and the master admitted, who, in some measure re- covers his former authority. A general subscription is now entered into for ale, fruit, and wheaten bread — I say wheaten bread, because that is a luxury which even the middling ranks of society in the north do but occasionally indulge in : from this frugal regale, however, each re- tires to his respective home as alert and as happy as any alderman from his calipash and calipee." Bass, a fish of the perch species, common in Kes- wick lake ; also the inner rind of a tree. The word is also applied in Cumberland and many parts of England, to dried rushes or sedges : thus, a rush-bottomed chair is called a bass- bottomed chair. Bassan, a basin. Baselard, a poignard or dagger. " Item, I give to my son, Leonard Machell, one bas- laerd." — Part of a will dated 1536, quoted in Nicolson and Burn's Cumberland, vol. 1, p. 348. Bask, a sharp hard acid, as of sloes. — MS. Glossary. Baste, a blow. Bastert, a bastard. Baterd, beat. Batter, dirt. Batten, see Waps. Battling-stone, a large smooth-faced stone, set in a sloping position by the side of a stream, on which washerwomen beat their linen to clean it, the same as in France. Battling-wood, a piece of wood used in beating the linen or cloth on the battling-stone. 101 Bauldly, boldly. Bawk, or Balk, a cross beam. Bawks, a hayloft. — Grose. Bawme, to dress or adorn. Bawn, ready ; going. Bawned, prepared to go ; dressed. Bay, to bend ; from the Saxon bygan, bugan, to crook ; whence a bay-window. Baze, to alarm. Beaasts, Bease, or Beese, the plural of beast, as geese is the plural of goose. Bear-mouths, subterraneous passages by which men and horses descend to the coal mines. Beastlings, or Beastings, the milk of a cow for a short time after calving. Bebb, to drink. — MS. Glossary. Beck, a rivulet or brook. Becose, because. Beein, being. Beeld, to build. — See Bigg. Beeeded, builded. Beelin, bellowing. Befoar, before. Behavs, behaves. Behint, behind. Behoaf, behalf. Behondent, beholden. Belaw, below. Belder, to bellow ; vociferate. Beleev, believe. Belive, presently. Beltain, Beltan, or Beltine, according to modern usage, means a particular time of the year (the first of May), so called from the fires which, from the remotest ages, have been kindled upon that day. " Till of late years the superstition of the Beltein was kept up in these parts [Cumber- 102 land] ; and in this rural sacrifice it was customary for the performers to bring with them boughs of the mountain ash." — Pennants Tour in Scot- land, vol. 2, p. 42. In another part of his Tour, he gives an account of the rites which are used upon this occasion. Belving, drinking greedily, as is often done by children. — MS. Glossary. Bentgrass (agrostis vulgaris, Linnceus), long, coarse grass, which chiefly grows upon the moors. '•' He cared not for dint of sword or speere, No more than for the stroke of straws or bents." — Spenser. Bensil, to bang or beat. Berrin, burying ; a funeral. Berry, a gooseberry. " I lately signed a lease of a small estate in Cumberland, in which, among other covenants, the tenant is restrained from injuring or destroying orchards, fruit trees, berry- hushes, &c." — Boucher. Berry, to thrash corn. Berrier, a thrasher of corn. " Wull is berrying in the barn." — Brockett. Bettermer, better. Betwattled, confounded ; out of one's senses ; also, bewrayed. Beyte, a bite ; a sharper. Bense, a cow's stall. — MS. Glossary. Beirsh, see Brash. Bidden-wedding. Some of the Cumbrians, par- ticularly those who are in poor circumstances, have, on their entrance into the married state, what is called a bidding (invitation), or bidden- wedding, at which a pecuniary collection is made among the company for the purpose of setting the wedded pair forward in the world. It is always attended with music and dancing ; and 103 the fiddler, when the contributions begin, takes care to remind the assembly of their duties, by notes imitative of the following couplet : — " Come, my friends, and freely offer, Here's the bride who has no tocher [dowry]."— Sanderson. Bide, to wait ; to bear ; to endure. " You must grin and abide it." Big, a coarse kind of barley ; properly that variety which has six rows of grain on each ear, though often confounded with what is called bear or four- rowed barley. — Brockett. Vide many illustra- tions of the word in Boucher's Glossary. Bigg, to build. Bigg'd, built. Biggin, a building. The town of JVewbiggin signifies new built or new building. Billy, brother. Bink, a stone seat or table Birler, or Burler, the master of the revels, or person presiding over and directing the feast at a Cumberland bidden-wedding, whose office re- quires hints, and who takes especial care that the drink be duly and plentifully supplied. Birr (pronounced in Cumberland burre), any rapid, whirling motion, as that of a spinning- wheel ; a running jump is there called a burre- jump ; and a stone thrown with violence is said to come with a birre against anything which it strikes. Bispel, a term of reproach, but not severe; applied in general to young persons, and charging them with being mischievous rather than vicious. Bizen (bye-saying), disgraceful notoriety. " If thou wilt taak up wi' that dannet, thou'lt just be- come a 8hem and a bizen to a' the parish." Black-art, necromancy, or as it is more commonly pronounced in the north, nigromancy . 104 Blackberries, in Shakspere's time, as in ours, meant the fruit of the bramble-bush, but in the north, at least in Cumberland, the term is now applied chiefly to black currants. — Boucher. Black-mail, or Black-meal, a contribution, tax, or impost, paid by the quiet and peaceable inha- bitants of several of the border counties, in for- mer times, to the chieftains and parties of plun- dering invaders, for the protection of their cattle and goods against depredation. Blae-berry, or Blea-berry, the fruit of the vac- cinium myrtillus, the bilberry, whortleberry, or, in some places, hurtleberry. Blained, half-dry ; spoken mostly of linen hung out to dry. — MS. Glossary. Blake, a yellowish golden colour. " As bloke as a marygold," is a proverbial simile. Blate, bashful. Blaw, blow Bleaad, or Bluid, blood. Bleaam, blame. Bleaken'd, blackened. Bleb, or Blob, a bubble of water, either made with soap or by the falling of rain. — MS. Glos. Blebb'd, drank. Bleckell, Blackwell, a village near Carlisle. Bledder, to cry. — MS. Glossary. Bleer-e'ed, blear-eyed. Bleets, blights. Blemmle, to mix anything with a fluid by motion, as the mixing of flour with water. — MS. Glossary. Blend, to mix. Blin', blind. Blinder-bridles, bridles with winkers to them. Bluim, bloom. Blusteration, the noise of a braggart. 105 Boaam, balm. Boarn Foal, born fool ; a silly person. Bobbeb, or Bobberotjs, elated ; bragging ; in high spirits. Boddeb, bother. Bo'd, bald. Boggabt, a spirit; a spectre. Boggle, to be afraid; to hesitate. Boilen, boiling. Boll, a ball. Boldeb, a loud report. — MS. Glossary. Bole, the trunk of a tree. Boon-days, days work which the tenants of some manors are obliged or bound to perform for the benefit of their lord, gratis. Vast quantities of land in Cumberland are held under lords of manors by customary tenure, subject to the pay- ment of fines and heriots, and the performance of various duties and services on the boon-days. — Brockett. Bonny, pretty. Bord-claith, a table-cloth. Born, suffered ; endured. Borned, or Bobnt, burned. Borterry, or Boutrey, the elder tree. Botel, a bottle. Bottom-wind, a phenomenon which occurs in Der- went-water. The waters of this lake are some- times agitated in an extraordinary manner, though without any apparent cause, and in a perfectly calm day, are seen to swell in high waves, which have a progressive motion from west to east. Bouks, the divisions or boundaries of a field. Bourt, to offer; to pretend; to make believe. — MS. Glossary. Bout, a turn ; action. K 106 Bout, bought. Bovate. A bovate [oxgang] of land is as much as one yoke of oxen can reasonably cultivate in a year. — JVicolson and Burn's Cumberland* Bower (sometimes spelt boor), a bedchamber, an inner room. Bow-hough' d, having crooked houghs. Bowlder-stones (sometimes written and pro- nounced BOWDER, BOODER, and BOOTHER-STONEs) , lumps or fragments of stone broken from the adjacent cliffs, and rounded by being tumbled to and fro by the water, whence their name. — Woodward. Bowster, a bolster ; a pillow. Bowt, bought. Braaid, broad ; also beat. Brayed, belaboured. Braaid-scar, a broad stone. Brack, broke. Bracken, fern. Brae, a bank or declivity ; any sloping broken ground. Braids, resembles. " He braids o' me ;" that is, he is something: like me. Brake, to beat violently. — MS. Glossary. Brandreth, an iron tripod, fixed over the fire, on which to place a pot, kettle, or girdle. Brank, to hold up the head proudly. Brant or Brent, steep. Brash, Brattle, or Bevish, to run headlong; a violent push ; a sudden motion. — MS. Glossary. Brass, a common term for money. Brast, burst. " No gate so strong;, no lock so firm and fast. But with that piercing sound flew open or quite brast."" — Spenser Brat, a coarse apron. 107 Brattle, see Brash. Brattl't, a noise. Brauchin, a horse-collar. Braut, brought. Bravely, well ; in a good state of health. Brawn, a hoar. Bray, to beat ; to pound. Bree, a bustle. Breead, bread. Breed-boyder, a bread-basket. — MS. Glossary. Breeder, brother. Breeks, breeches. Breer, a briar. Brees'd, bruised. Breet, bright. Brek, to break. Bride-ale, a wedding feast. " A man that's bid to bride-ale if he ha' cake And drink enough, he need not vear [fear] his stake." — Ben Jonson, Tale of a Tub, ii. 1. Bride-cake. The bridal party after leaving the church, repair to a neighbouring inn, where a thin currant cake, marked in squares, though not entirely cut through, is ready against the bride's arrival; over her head is spread a clean linen napkin, and the bridegroom, standing behind the bride, breaks the cake over her head, which is then thrown over her and scrambled for by the attendants. Bride-wain, a custom in Cumberland, where the friends of a new married couple assemble, and are treated with cold pies, furmenty, and ale ; at the close of the day, the bride and bride- groom are placed in two chairs, in the open air, or in a large barn, the bride with a pewter dish on her knee, half covered with a napkin; into k2 108 this dish the company put their offerings, which occasionally amount to a considerable sum. The word wain is supposed to be derived from a very ancient custom in the north, of presenting to the bride, when she left her father's house, a wain or waggon-load of articles of use and luxury ; on this occasion the wain was crowned with boughs and flowers, and the horses decorated with ribbons, &c. Brig, a bridge. Britches, breeches. Broasen, Brosen, or Brosten, burst. Brock, a badger. Sax. broc. Broo, brow; forehead. Brong, brought. Brow, saucy ; pert ; handsome ; clever. — MS. Glos. Brudders, brothers. Bruil, to broil. Brulliment, a broil. Brunt, burnt. Bryad, broad. Buckstall, a service in the forest, in attending at a certain station to watch deer in hunting. — Nicolson and Burn's Cumberland. A net to catch deer. — Huloefs Dictionary. Bude, patiently endured. Buik, a book. Bum, above. Buits, boots. Bull-stang, a dragon-fly. Bummin, humming. Bumm'd, struck ; beat. Bummell, or Bumble-kite, a bramble or black- berry. Bummelt, bungled. Bummle, to blunder. Bomm- ler's Luck blunderer's luck. 109 Bun, or Bunnel, a dried hemp-stalk; a kex or dry hollow stalk of the hemlock. Bunc'd, bounced. " He bunc'd in amang us." Bund, bound. Burley-Brigs, a rural game. — Vide Boucher under Babley-bbeak. Burn, a brook. Burbe, see Bibb. Bushfu', bashful. Buss, a kiss. Busses, bushes. Butch, to kill. Butteb-shag, a slice of bread spread with butter. Butter-sops, wheaten or oaten bread soaked in melted butter and sugar Bwob'd, bored. Bworder-cowppers, horse-dealers from the Borders. Bworn, born. Byans, bones. Byeb, or Bybe, a cowhouse. Bygane, bygone ; past. C. Caad, Caud, or Cauld, cold. Caant, or Cannit, cannot. Caars, cares. Cabbish, a cabbage. Cade-lamb, a pet lamb. Caff, chaff. Cairds, cards. Caleever, or Callevir, to prance about ; to make a riot ; a furious manner. Callar, cold. Calimanco, calamanco ; a kind of woollen stuff. Cam, comb. Camlet, camblet. k3 no Cammed, crooked; or peculiarly untoward. — MS. Glossary. Campel, to reply saucily; to argue. Canny, a frequent expression for a neat, nice, housewifely, or handsome woman ; and some- times for a clever or smart man. Also, decent- looking, well-made, clever. Cankert, rusty ; ill-natured. Cap, to complete ; to finish ; to surpass. Capper, one who excels. Capt, overcome in argument. Car, a cart. Carel, Carlisle. Carrick Fells, a range of hills in Cumberland. Carras, a cart-house or shed wherein carts are kept. Carryth', carry the. Cat, sometimes Nape or Cap, as " Cat o' the neck," the cap or cape of the neck. — MS. Glossary. Cat-wittejd, silly and conceited. Caul, a swelling. Cauncel, council. Caw, to call. Caw't, call it. Caw, or Kaw, a cow. Cawkers, see Clogs. Cawl, to browbeat or frighten. — MS. Glossary. Ceyder, cider. Chaamer, a chamber, parlour, or bedroom. Chaft, the jaw. Chap, a general term for a man, used either in a manner of respect or contempt. Char, a species of trout frequently caught in Win- dermere. Chats, spray- wood. — Agric. Survey of Westm. Chawk, chalk. Ciieg, to chew a hard substance. Qlieil, a young fellow. Ill Cheyde, to chide. Chimley, a chimney. Chymlas, chimnies. Chop, to put. Chopt in, put in. Chow, to mumble and grumble. Chyn,e, a chain. Claaikin, scratching. Claes, or Claise, clothes. Claggy, the property of adhesion, as of wet clay or earth sticking to the feet. Claith, cloth. Clam, to starve or hunger ; also, to climb. Clap-bread, thin, hard, oaten cakes ; but in Cum- berland it is frequently made of the meal of bar- ley, and differs from other barley bread only by its being unleavened, made in the form of cakes, and not baked in an oven. It has its name of clap-bread from its being clapped or beaten out with the hand, while it is dough, into the form of large round cakes. There is a particular board for this purpose, which is called a clap-board. This kind of bread appears to be also in general use in Norway. — Boucher. Clarting, daubing with mud. Clarts, mud. Clarty, miry ; slippery ; wet ; sticky. Clash-ma-saunter, a tiresome repeater of stories. Clashes, tale-bearers ; gossips. Clart, to daub ; to smear ; to spread. Claver, to climb. Claver'd, clambered. Clavver, clover. Clay -daub in, a custom in Cumberland, where the neighbours and friends of a new married couple assemble, and do not separate until they have erected them a cottage, something in the style of the old British wattled dwellings, and not unlike the plastered houses in Norfolk, erected 112 by the workmen called daubers. From the num- ber of hands employed, the building is generally completed in a day ; the company then rejoice and make merry. — Brockett. Cleck, or Click, to catch or snatch away. Per- haps from the Sax.gelcecian, of the same meaning. Cleckings, a shuttlecock. Cleed, to clothe. Cled, clothed. Cleek, to clutch; to catch as with a hook. Clegger, to cling. Clepps, a wooden instrument for pulling weeds out of corn. Cleugh, or Clough, a ravine; a valley between two hills ; a narrow glen. Clym of the Clough is the hero of a very old and admired northern ballad. Clevver, to scramble up ; to climb. Clifty, apt ; active; generous. Clink, a blow. Clints, a species of limestone. Clipt and Heel'd, properly dressed, like a cock prepared to fight. Clipt-dinment, a shorn wedder sheep ; a thin mean looking fellow. Clish-ma-clash, foolish talk. Cliver, clever. Clod, to throw. Clogs, a kind of shoes, the upper part of strong hide leather, and the soles of wood, tipped at the toe and heel with pieces of iron termed cawkers. Clough, the body of a tree; or where the main stem divides into branches. — Agric. Survey of Cumberland. Clowk, or Clow, to scratch — MS. Glossary. Clowen, to bustle about. — MS. Glossary. Clufp, a blow. Cluffed, beat. 113 Clumb, climbed. Cluuts, feet. Cluves, the hoofs of horses or cows. Clott, to toss about. Coaats, petticoats. Coaf, a calf. Cobby, headstrong; obstinate; stout; hearty; lively. Cobbs, the testicles. Cocker, a feeder or fighter of cocks. Cockin, cock-fighting. Cockle, or Cokle, to cry like a cock. Cockler, a gatherer of cockles. Cocklin, gather- ing cockles. Cockwebs, cobwebs. Coggers, woollen spatterdashes. — MS. Glossary. Collership, scholarship. Collop-Monday, the first Monday before Lent, on which day it is usual to have collops and eggs for dinner; a custom derived from our an- cestors, who gave full indulgence to their appe- tites on this and the following day — Shrove- Tuesday — previous to the arrival of the long and meagre season, the Quadragesimal Fast. Com, came. Combe, a valley. Con, or Conn, a squirrel. Connoly, cannily ; prettily. Conny, pretty. Convoy, a block of wood which is pressed down on one of the wheels of a waggon to retard its pro- gress on an inclined plane — chiefly on the railways from the coal-pits. Coo, or Coe, to call. Cood, called. Coom, dust. Coon. To coon thanks is to acknowledge or re- quite a favour. " Wheever it was that put the bunch o' whins under ma 114 galloway's tail, last Setterday neet, an' gart him fling an' lowp a' t' way howm, aw's nowt obleged to him : the de'il coon him thanks." Whoever it was that put the bunch of furze under my pony's tail, last Saturday night, and made him kick and plunge all the way home, I am nothing obliged to him : the devil give him thanks. Coppy, a small wooden stool. — MS. Glossary. Corby, a raven. Cornage, a tenure which obliges the landholder to give notice of an invasion by blowing a horn. Corn-laiters, corn-seekers ; newly married pea- sants, who beg corn to sow their first crop with. — Brockett. Corp, a corpse. Corrans, currants. Corse, to curse. Corsing, cursing. Cottered, entangled. Couper-fair, a market held at Kirby-Stephen, the day before Brough-hill, where the phrase " hel- ter for helter," implies a proposal to barter or exchange horse for horse. — Brockett. Coupraise, to raise anything in the manner of a lever. Couren, cowering ; crouching. Cout, or Cowt, a colt ; a foal. Cowd-lword, a pudding made of oatmeal and suet. Cowl, to scrape dirt. — MS. Glossary. Cow-scarn, or Cow-sharen, cow-dung. Cowp, to exchange ; to overturn. Craaled, crawled. Crack, to challenge. " Ne yet hath any knight his courage crack'd." — Spenser. Crack, to boast ; a short space of time, as, " I's dui't in a crack; also, to chat. Crackel, a cricket, an insect that squeaks or chirps about ovens or fireplaces ; also, a low stool. Craisy, crazy ; insane. 115 Cramble, to creep ; applied to insects that move slowly forward, and to children when going on their hands and knees. Crammel, to perform a thing awkwardly. Cranky, chequered ; as, a cranky neckcloth, a cranky apron. Crap, crept. Crappen, crept in. Crawn, a crown. Credel, a cradle. Creyke, a creek. Croft, a small field or paddock. Cronie, an old acquaintance. Croupe, to stoop ; to crouch ; or move the body stoopingly. — MS. Glossary. Grouse, or Crowish, spirited ; pert. " Every cock is crouse on his own midden ;" which per- fectly agrees with our own proverb, that " every cock is crowish on his own dunghill." Crow-coal, an inferior sort of coal. Crowdy, a mess of oatmeal. Cruds, curds. Cruin, Crune, or Croon, to make a murmuring noise ; to hum a tune. Cud, could. Cudee, could I. Cudn't, or Cuddent, could not. Cuddy, Cuthbert. Cuil, cool. Cum, or Com, to come. Cummerlan, Cumberland. Cunn'd, counted. Cuntry, country. Cupy, Cupid. Curley-pow, a curled head. Cursenmas, or Cursmas, Christmas. Cursinin, christening. Cursty, Christopher. 116 Curtchey'd, courtesied. Cusen, cousin. Cush, an exclamation. " Cush! they ha'e pegged thirsels." Cutten, cut down. Cutter, to speak low ; to whisper. Cutty, short. " A cutty pipe." Cwoach, a coach. Cwoals, coals. Cwoaley, or Cwoley, a cur dog. Cwoats, coats, or garments of any kind. Cworn, corn. Cwose-house, corse-house. D D addle, the hand. Dadge, to walk danglingly or saunteringly. Daft, idiotic ; half wise ; used sometimes as wanton. Daggy, drizzly. Daisent, decent. Daive, or Dill, to sooth. — MS. Glossary. Dander, to hobble. Dannet, a man or woman of disreputable character. Dapper, neatly dressed. Daark, or Darrak, a day's work. Dar, dare. Darter, active in performing anything. Daut, to doubt. Dawkin, a soft simple person. Thence the vulgar saying — " I had rather have a wife a dule than a dawkin." — MS. Gloss. Dawn, down. Dawnth, down the. Dawstoners, inhabitants of Dalston, a village near Carlisle. De, do. 117 Dea, Due, or Deya, do. Deas, Joes. Deail, Dole, or Drail, a share or an allotment in a common or enclosed land. Deaings, or Deains, doings, Deait, do it. Deame, dame ; the matron or mistress of the house. Ded, dad. Deddy, father. Dee, to die. Deep, deaf. Deelan, dealing ; dividing the cards at play. Debt, died ; also, dirt. Deeth, death. Deetin, or Deeghtan, winnowing corn. Deftly, quietly. — MS. Glossary. Deg, to sprinkle with water ; to ooze out ; to drop slowly. De'il bin, Devil be in. Dere, dear. Dess, a row ; a pile or heap ; also, to sort ; to pile up. Deyke, a hedge. Deyl'd, spiritless ; careworn. Dezzed, injured by cold. — MS. Glossary. Dibbler, a pewter plate Didder, to tremble ; to shiver. Diddle, to hum a tune. Dight, or Deet, to clean ; to dress ; to put in order. Din, noise. Dinnle, to thrill ; to tingle. Dis, does. Dispert, desperate. Dissnins, a distance in horse-racing, the eighth part of a mile. Ditt, to stop up. — MS. Glossary. Divvent, do not. " Odswunters ! I says, what, ye divent ken me."— Anderson' s Borrowdale Jwohnny. L 118 Dobby, a ghost ; a spectre. Dodder, to tremble; to shake. Doff, do off; to undress ; to put off. Do ft, undressed. Don, do on ; to dress Dond. dressed. Donning, dressing. Donnet, a term for the Devil. Donse, to dance. Donsin-neet, dancing-night. Doont, do not. Dope, a simpleton.— MS. Glossary. Doubler, a bowl. See Posset-cup. Douke, to duck ; to stoop suddenly with the head ; to put the head or body into water; to bathe. Douse, or Douce, jolly or cheerful looking ; some- times used as solid, grave, and prudent. Dow, good ; as, " naught at dow," that is, nothing that is good. — MS. Glossary. In the border counties of Scotland the word dow is expressive of ability, "We maun do as we dow,'' that is, we must do as we can. Dowly, melancholy ; sad ; as applied to persons : lonely, as to places. Down-house, a kitchen. Downo-cannot, that is, when one has the power but wants the will to do anything. Dowteu, daughter. Dozend, spiritless and impotent. Dra, to draw. Draain, drawing. Draff, brewer's grains ; or rather the water wherein barley is steeped before it is malted. Drawnt, drowned. Dreave, drove. Dree, long ; tedious ; slow beyond expectation : " A dree road." Also, to endure ; to hold out. Dreeamt, dreamed. 119 Dreeap, to speak slowly. — MS. Glossary. Drip, snow : " White as drip.'''' Drokk'n hizzy, a drunken huzzy. Druivy, overcast ; muddy. Dub, a small pool of stagnant water. Dubbler, a wooden platter. — Anderson. A large dish of earthenware. — Brockett. A plate of the largest kind. Duce, a fiend or evil spirit. " The deuce is in it," a very common expression in most parts of the kingdom. Dud, did. Duddn't, did not. Duds, ragged clothes. Duim, doom. Duin, or Dun, done. Duir, the door. Dule, the Devil. Dulish, devilish. Dumb-Wipe, a person born without the faculty of speech, who is thought by the illiterate part of the Cumbrian peasantry to possess the gift of prescience ; a fortune-teller. Dunch, to strike with the elbows ; to nudge. Dung-oure, knocked over or down. Dunnet, or Doant, do not. Durdem, uproar ; hubbub. Dure, the door. Durtment, anything useless. Dust, one of the many provincial terms for money. Dustea, or Dustay, dost thou. Dwallow'd, withered. Dwoated, doated. Dykes, detached parts of the vein of a coal mine. E. Ea, in ; and. Earles-penny, or Arles-penny, the earnest-money L 2 120 paid down to bind a bargain ; money advanced to farm- servants when they are hired. Eave-long, oblong. — MS. Glossary. Eaver, or Eeever, a corner or quarter of the heavens. " The wind is in the rainy eaver." Eeem (Sax. aimtari), leisure; rest; spare time. Een, the eyes. " And eke with fatness swollen were his een." — Spenser. Efter, after. Efternuin, afternoon. Eh int, or Ahint, behind. " I sleept on the flags just ahint a kurk corner." Anderson's Borrowdale Jwohnny. Eider, either. Eigh, aye ; yes. Eith, easy. " A fole is eith to begile." — Chaucer. El, I'll ; I will. Elcy, Alice. Elden, any old things, or old wood of no use but for the fire ; also, fuel of every description. Eleeben, eleven. Ellek, Alexander. El-mother, a step-mother. Elson, a shoemaker's awl. Em, them. En, or An, and ; also ; if En' the end, Eneugh, enough. Enquear, to enquire. Entu, and they. Er, your ; or ; are. Esh, or Ax, to ask. Esht, asked. Eshes, ash trees. Esse, ashes. " Skeer the esse" separate the dead ashes from the embers. 121 Et, at ; to ; that. Ettle, to prepare ; to set in order. — MS. Glossary. Eunin, or Evnin, the evening. Ev, have. F. Faad, fold. Faavor, favour. Fadder, father. Fadder-fwok, father's family. Fadge, to walk as if tired. Fapfle, to saunter ; to fumble. Fagg, to tire ; to become weary. Fain, glad ; delighted ; pleased ; desirous. Fair-tro-days, daylight. Famish, famous. Fancy, a ribbon ; a prize for dancers. Fan, found : felt. Fand, found. Fansome, kind ; fondling. Farr, to ache. — MS. Glossary. Farrantly, orderly ; decent ; respectable. Fares-te-weel, fare thee well. Farlies, strange sights ; strange news ; wonders in general. Farlton Knot, a hill near Burton, in Kendal. Fash, to trouble ; to tease. " I cannot he fash? d." Fashen, fashion. Fashery, unnecessary niceness; annoyance. Fassen's Even, Fastings-eve, or shrovetide. Faul, a farm yard. Fau't, fall it, or befall it ; also, a fault. Fause, false ; deceitful. Faw, to fall. Fawn, fallen. Feaard, or Feard, feared. Feace, the face. Feale, fail. . L 3 122 Fearful (used adverbially), very. Feater, a footer; a dancer. Featlet, four pounds of butter. Feckless, feeble; insignificant; without effect. Perhaps a corruption of effectless. Feeag, to encumber; to load. — MS. Glossary. Feevl, to hide. " He that feeals can find." Feeind, to find. Feight, to fight. Feighten, fighting. Fell, a rocky hill ; a mountain or common, scarcely admitting of cultivation. " This country abounds with mountains which, in the language of the country, are called fells." — JVicolson and Burn's Westmoreland and Cumberland. Felt, felled. Fend, to provide for; to be industrious: to work hard; as, " he fends hard for a living." It is also used in inquiries after a person's health, as " How fend ye, Mr. Ritson, how fend ye?" that is, how do you thrive ? Fendy, thrifty ; managing. Fer, for. Fest, to let out; to bind as an apprentice. Fettle, to put in order ; to repair or mend any- thing that is broken or defective ; to set or go about anything; to dress, or prepare. "To fettle th' tits," that is, to dress the horses. " Nor list he now go whistling to the car, But sells his team, and fettleth to the war." — Bishop HalVs Satires. Sat. iv. 6. Fettle, a cord which is used to a pannier. Few't weel, promised fair. Feyne, fine. Fidge, to sprawl. — MS. Glossary. Fig-sue, a mess made of ale boiled with fine wheaten bread and figs, usually eaten on Good-Friday. 123 Filth, a scoundrel. Fine, to cease, or end. "Thou never fines feeking" [or gadding], — MS. Glossary. Fin, to find ; to feel. Firtle, or Feek, to fidget. — MS. Glossary. Fit, foot ; fought. Fizzle, to nestle. — MS. Glossary. Flackering, quivering ; shuddering. Flacker'd, fluttered. Flaayd, or Flate, frightened. Flay, to frighten. Flait, afraid Flaitch, to flatter; to persuade. — MS. Glossary. Flann, shallow. — MS. Glossary. Flawer, a flower. Flawred, flowered. Fleebysky (flee by the sky), a flighty person. Flead, stood. Fleak, or Floor, a flounder. Fleek, a flitch. Fleer, or Flear, the floor ; also to laugh ungovern- ably or jeeringly. Flig-me-gairey, a gaudily dressed, yet untidy, girl ; useless fripperies of female dress. Flipe, the rim of a hat. — MS. Glossary. Floor, see Flear. Flou, or Flough, bleak; windy. " It's flough weather." Flyer, or Flyre, to fleer; to laugh scornfully. Flyte, to scold. Foal, fool. Foat, foot. Foe, fall. Foeth', fall thee. Foin-awt, fallen out; quarrelled. Foin, falling. Followin, following. Forby, besides ; in addition to. Force, a waterfall. 124 Foosen, generosity. Foosenable, generous. Foret, or Forrat, forward. Formel, to bespeak. — MS. Glossary. Fossple, the impression of a horse's hoof on soft ground. Fotch, to fetch. Fou, full ; also, tipsy. Foudersome, bulky ; cumbrous. — MS. Glossary. Foumart, a polecat. Four, fond ; foolish. Fout, or Fowt, a pet ; a spoiled child ; a fondling. Frae, from. Fraith', from the. Frahdle, to talk sillily. Frase, fray. Fratch, to quarrel. Freat, to fret ; to mourn ; to grieve. Fremmed, strange. Freet, fright. Freetint, frightened. Fresh cullert, fresh coloured ; ruddy. Frid, or Frith, unused pasture land. — MS. Gloss. Fridge, or Fruin, to rub against another in pass- ing, &c. — MS. Glossary. Frittish, cold. " I am very frittish" — MS. Gloss. Frosk, a frog. Frostit, frosted. Frow, a worthless woman. Fudgel, an awkward little child. — MS. Glossary. Fue, to make an attempt. — MS. Glossary. Fuil, a fool. Full drive, with unchecked force. " Joe Dobson ran off tappy-luppy, an' just as he turned t' neuk o' George Anderson's byre, he cam full drive agyenst owd Babby Bell, the howdy, an' couped her into the clarts." Furbelows, useless silks, frills, or gauzes of a female's dress. Fured, went. " Where fured you ?" — Ray. 125 Furst, first. Fusom, or Fewsome, handsome; neat; notable; tidy. Fuss, bustle. Fwoal, a foal. Fwolds, folds, Fwor, fore. Fworced, forced. Fwurm, a form ; a bench. G. Ga, to go. Gaen, gone. Gaain, or Gangin, going. Gaapen, or Gowpen, the hands ; also, as much as can be contained by the two hands held together. " had I gowd i' gowpins, had I gowd i 1 store, had I gowd i' gowpins, my laddie should wark no more." — Old Song. Gaily, or Gaylie, tolerable ; very well. Gale, wild myrtle. Gam, game. Gamlers, gamblers. Gammashers, spatterdashes ; gaiters. Gammerstang, a tall awkward person of a bad gait ; a hoyden or awkward girl. — Craven Dialect. Gane, gone. Gang, to go. Gangin, going. From the Low Dutch, gangen, and Sax. gan, to go. Gang, a confederate company of infamous persons. Ganging a Rocking, going to visit a neighbour's house, and taking a rock and spindle to help to pass away the time. An old local tale alludes to this custom of visiting each other's houses for the purpose of spinning: — "Wya, Matty," said a young wag, "what, parliament's gaan et meak a la' et thear's to be full moon for three 126 months this winter." " Girt falk can due aught," replied Matty; " than we can gang a rocking every neet." — West- moreland as it was. Gar, to make ; to cause or force ; to compel. From the Danish gior. "Tell me, good Hobbinol, what gars thee greet?" — Spenser's Shep. Cal. Garrick, or Garrak, an awkward person. Garth, a garden ; a croft ; an orchard ; a parrock. Gash, to cut ; also, a cut. Gat, got. Gate, a road or path ; a way. " Go your gate ;" that is, go your way. Gav, or Gev, gave. Gavel, see Gove. Gavelock (Sax. gaveloc) , a strong iron bar used as lever. Gawm in, foolish; ignorant. Gawn, a gown ; also, going. Gayshen, a smock-faced silly-looking person. Geane, gone. Gear, wealth ; money ; the tackling of a cart or plough. Geaat, a street, or road. Geen, given. Gerse, grass. Gezlins, goslings. Gidder, to gather. Giddered, gathered. Gie, to give. Gill, or Gyll, a small valley or dell; properly a narrow glen with steep and rocky banks on each side, with a stream of water at the bottom. Gilliver, gilliflower. Ginny, or Ginnea, a guinea. Gird, a fit. A " gird of laughter," that is, a fit of laughter. —MS. Glossary. 127 Girn, to grin. Girt, great. Git, to get. Gitten, got, or gotten. Glad, smooth ; particularly the smoothness with which one thing turns or runs upon another, as a door upon its hinges Gleaan, squinting. Glender, to stare. Glent, a glimpse ; a glance. Gliff, a transient view ; a glance. Glimmer, to shine a little. Glime, to look askance; to look obliquely; to squint. Glime, the mucus issuing from the nostrils of horses or cattle. — MS. Glossary. Glish, or Glisk, to shine, or glitter. — MS. Gloss. Gloar, to stare. Gloarikg, staring. Gloppen, to surprise; to astonish Glop, to stare. Sax. glopan. Isl. glopur, a fool. Glowre, to stare. Glump'd, gloomed Gluncii, to look angry. Goe, the mouth. Goddartly, cautiously. Godil, God's will. Godliks, God willing. Goffram, a clown. Chaucer uses the word gqfish as foolish. Gope, to talk vulgarly and loud. — MS. Glossary. Gose, gauze. Gove, to look about like a simpleton. — MS. Gloss. Gowd i' gowpens, gold in handfuls. Gowk, or Gowky, the cuckoo ; a thoughtless igno- rant fellow, who harps too long upon a subject. Gowk, or Goke, the core of an an apple; the yolk of an egg ; the inner part of anything. Gowl, to weep ; to cry sulkily. Gowlan, crying ; sobbing. 128 Graaidly, honestly. Graaiped, groped. Graith, the condition of the body, as to being fat or lean. — MS. Glossary. Graith'd, dressed ; accoutred. Grandideer, a grenadier. Grank, to groan slightly. Grathe, to repair. Greaav, to cut peat ; to dig. Greace, grace. Greave, grave. Greean, or Graen, to groan. Greet, to weep. Greetin, crying ; weeping. Grepen, clasped. Greymin, a thin covering of snow. Greype, or Grape, a dung-fork. Grise, young pigs. Groon, grown. Grooin, or Growen, growing. Grote, a groat. Grousome, or Grewsome, grim ; fearful. Groows, grows. Gruby, dirty. Grund, the ground. Grump, to be displeased. Gryke, a cranny ; a chink ; a fissure. Gun, Gum, or Gyud, good. Gud hawks, good hands; stanch drinkers. Guds, goods. Gudman, husband. Guff, a fool. Gulder, to speak loud and with a dissonant voice. Gully, a large knife. Gurdle, or Girdle, the iron on which cakes are baked. Gursin, grazing ; pasturage. 129 Gwordie, George. Gyan, gone. Gyat, a gate ; a way, or road. Gyotb, a goat. H. Haad, hold. Haanted, haunted. Haard, heard. Haat, hot. Hack'd, won every thing. Hadleys, hardly. Hae, or Hev, have. Hag, to cut, or hack. Haike, an exclamation ; a signal of defiance. " Haike for a fight !" Haim-ath-ward, aim of the world. Haista, hast thou. Haistert, hoisted about. Hale, whole. Hall an, the passage or space between the outer and inner door of a cottage ; also, the partition between the passage and the room. Brockett derives the word from the German hehlen, to conceal ; it is more likely to be the diminutive of hall: a hallan is to a cottage what a lobby or hall is to a large house. Hallan-shaker, a sturdy beggar, one who stands ahint the hallan to excite charity. Halts (probably derived from halt or halte, an obsolete participle of the verb to hold), a pair of strong wicker hampers, which were joined by a pack-saddle, and hung across a horse's back; they were put to various uses in husbandry, which offices are now performed by carts. Ham-samm, irregularly. 130 Hank itch er, a handkerchief. Hantel, a large quantity. Hap, to cover. Happen, a coverlid. Happron, an apron. Harden-cloth, a very coarse cloth of open texture, such as bales are commonly packed in. Hark't, guessed. Harks, brains. Hask, rough; parched; stiff. Haspin, an idle fellow who lurks continually about the house. — MS. Glossary. Haster, a word used for surfeit. As the latter term alludes to the cause — an overdoing ; so the former has reference to the effect — as what may hasten one's end. — MS. Glossary. Haugh, low, flat, or marshy ground. Hauir, hair. Hauld, hold ; shelter. Hause, a house; also, the neck; the throat. Hause- water (usually written Hawes-water) , in West- moreland, takes its name from a low promontory of closures dividing it, near the middle, into two sheets of water, which are connected by a deep neck or strait. Havey-scavey, helter-skelter. Havver, oats. Haw, a hall ; also, how. Haw, hungry. Hawers, the hours. Hawf, half. Hawflin, a half-witted person ; a fool, Hay-bay, hubbub ; noise. Heaad, the head. PIeaad-wark, headache. Heaal, the whole. Heaam, home. 131 Heald, sometimes Weald, to lean, as a vessel set on one side. Hear's, here is. Heaste, haste. Heck, the division from the side of the fire in the form of a passage in old houses; also, an enclosure of open work, of slender bars of wood, as a rack to hold hay for horses. A Heck-board, is the board at the tail of a cart. Heck-door, the inner door not closely pannelled but only partly so, and the rest latticed. Half-heck, the half or lower part of a door. Hed, had. Hedn't, had not. Hee, high. Heeams, a wooden collar for horses. Heeas, he has. Heer, higher. Hees, he is. Heesta, hast thou. Hefple, to hesitate ; to prevaricate. — MS. Gloss. Hefter, after. Hefternean, afternoon. Helle (Isl. hella), to pour in a rapid manner. Helmwind, a particular kind of wind, described as follows : — " la these mountains (Crossfell), towards the north- east part of the county, is a very remarkable phenome- non, such as we have not found any account of elsewhere in the kingdom, except only about Ingleton, and other places bordering upon the mountains of Ingleborrow, Pen- die, and Penigent, in the confines of the counties of York and Lancaster ; it is called a helmwind. A rolling cloud, sometimes for three or four days together, hovers over the mountain tops, the sky being clear in other parts. When this cloud appears, the country people say, " The helm is up," which is an Anglo-Saxon word, signifying properly a covering for the head. This helm is not dis- persed or blown away by the wind, but continues in its station although a violent roaring hurricane comes tumbling M 2 132 down the mountain, ready to tear up all before it; then, on a sudden, ensues a profound calm; and then again alter- nately the tempest, which seldom extends into the country above a mile or two from the bottom of the mountain." — Nicolson and Burn's West, and Curat, vol 1, p. 7. Helter, a halter. Herd, a keeper of cattle. Some three or four farms in the mountains of Cumberland, have obtained the name of Herdwicks, that is, the district of the herds ; and the sheep that graze there, the appellation of Herdwick sheep. — Agric. Survey of Cumberland. Heriot, a fine paid to the lord at the death of a landholder, sometimes the best thing in a land- holder's possession, but usually a beast. Heriotable, subject to the demand of an heriot. " The tenants are chiefly customary and heriotable." — Nicolson and Burn's West, and Cumb, vol. 1, p. 174. Herry (Sax. heriari), to rob. Hes, has. Hesp, to latch ; as, " hesp the door." A hesp or hasp is properly that part of an iron fastening that goes over the staple, and which is prevented from slipping back by means of a toggle or pin. Het, hot. Hether-faced, rough-faced. Heugh, a rugged steep hill-side ; a ravine. Hev, have. Hight, to promise ; to vow. " I, to the Lord, will pay my vows which I to him benight." — Psalm cxvi, 14. (Old translation.) " He had hold his way as he had hight.'''' — Chaucer, Wife of Bath's Tale. Hing, hang. Hinmost, hindmost. Hinney, honey ; also, a term of endearment ex- pressive of great regard. 133 Hirple, to limp ; to walk lame. Hitten, eaten. Hizzy, huzzy. Hoaf, half. Hoales, holes. Hoangry, hungry. Hoap, hope. Hoast, the curd for cheese hefore it is taken from the whey. — MS. Glossary. Hocker, to climb upon anything. — MS. Glossary. Hod, to hold. Hodder, held. Hobd, odd. Hoffer, to offer. Hogs, a provincial term for sheep from six months old till being first shorn. — Agric. Survey of Cumberland. Holesome, wholesome. Holm, low, flat, alluvial land; also, a small island. Dry grounds, nearly surrounded by the course of a river, or situate in low places by its edge, are often called holms : — the holms on Ullswater and Windermere. Holm, in the Saxon language, generally signifies the sea, or a deep water; but it is frequently used with an adjective to designate an insular situation. — Brockett. Holt, a peaked hill covered with wood. In the southern part of England it means simply a wood. Hong, hang. Hoppen, open. Hort, hurt. Hot, a sort of square basket, formerly used for taking manure into fields of steep ascent ; the bottom opened by two wooden pins, to let out the contents. " I have heard old people say, that between the confines of Yorkshire and Westmore- land, it was common for the men to occupy m 3 134 themselves in knitting, while the women were engaged in the servile employment of carrying these hots on their backs." — Brockett. Hotch, to shake. Hout (out), pshaw; away. Hove, swelled. — Agric. Survey of Cumberland. " Tom Piper hath hoven and puffed up his cheeks, If cheese be so hoven, make cesse to seeke creeks." — Tusser. Howder, to walk heavily. — MS. Glossary. Howdey, a midwife. Howk, to scratch a hole; to scoop out; to dig with a pick or mattock. Hubbleshoo, a multitude; a mob. Huddle, to embrace ; to squeeze ; to hug; to cuddle. Huddl in, embracing ; cuddling. Hug, to squeeze; to cuddle. Huips, hoops Hulk, a lazy, clumsy fellow. Hundredth, a hundred. Hunsup, to scold ; to quarrel. Hur, her. Hursle, to raise, or shrug the shoulders. 'Hwoazin, resin. Hworns, horns. Hyam, home. I. I', a contraction of in. I'd, I would. Ipth', if the. Ilk, or Ilka, every ; each ; the same ; the like. I'll, I will. Ill-favort, ill-favoured ; ugly. Ime, hoar frost. Immea, in my. Imp, an addition to a beehive. 135 Inder, hinder. Ingle, fire, or flame ; a blaze. Engle, or Ingle- wood, signifies wood for firing. — Ritson. Engle- wood, or Inglewood, is the name of a forest in Cumberland. An ingle of sticks is a common expression in Cumberland. Inkling, a hint. In't, in it. Intil, or Intul, into. Intulth', into the. I's, I is, for I am. Is't, is it. Ister, is there. I'th', in the. Ither, other. It 'll, or Itt'il, contractions of it will. I've, I have. Ivver, ever. Ivvery, every. Izle, hoar frost. J. Jant, a jaunt. Jarble, to bemire ; to daggle ; to wet. Jaws o' yell, great quantities of ale. Jellus, jealous. Jeybe, a gibe ; a joke. Jimmer, a hinge. Jimp, slender; neat. Jinkan and careering, junketing and keeping it up. Joan, John. Jobby, or Jwosep, Joseph. Joisted (agisted), pastured. Jowring, or Jowling, pushing against, or shaking anything. — MS. Glossary. Jwoke, a joke. Jyke, to creak. — MS. Glossary. 136 K. Kaaikin, looking about stupidly. Kafp, chaff. Kaik, or Kelk, a blow, or kick. Kaw, or Caw, a cow. Keale (kail), broth, or pottage; so called, from kail or colewort being a principal ingredient in it. Keane, to scamper. Kease, case. Keave, to give an awkward wavering motion to the body. Keeave, to plunge; to struggle — MS. Glossary. Keek, to peep ; to look pryingly. Keel, to cease, or give over; as, "you never keel." — MS. Glossary. Keep-and-creak (keeper and crook), hook and eye. Keld, the still part of a river, which has an oily smoothness, while the rest of the water is ruffled. I have only heard this word on the Tyne, and confined to the meaning here given ; but a friend, who lately visited Ullswater, informs me, that when the day is uniformly overcast, and the air perfectly still, that lake has its surface dappled with a smooth, oily appearance, which is called a keld. The word is also I find a common term in Yorkshire, Westmoreland, and Cumberland, for a well or spring. — Brockett. Kelp, a young crow. — MS. Glossary. Kelp, a crook to hang a pot or kettle on. Kem, a comb. Kemps, coarse fibres or hairs in wool. — Agric. Survey of Cumberland. Kun, to know. Kent, known. Kenst, knowest. Kendal green, a kind of green cloth made in Kendal, a place long distinguished for dyeing cloths with several bright colors. This sort of 137 stuff is mentioned in a statute of Richard II. — Vide Wartorts English Poetry, vol. 4, p. 40. " Three misbegotten knaves, in Kendal green, came at my back and let drive at me." — Shakspere's Henry IV., part 1. Ken-guid, the example by which we are to learn what is good ; also, a mark to know a person by. " If thou comes that way agyen, I'll gi'e thee a ken-guid." Kerley-merley, a fanciful or useless article. Kersen, or Kirsen, to christen. Kersmas, Kirsmas, or Kursmas, Christmas. Kest, or Kessen, to cast, as, " to kest a loop ;" to knit. Kett, rubbish. Kevvel, to walk clumsily. — MS. Glossary. Keysand, Kysant, or Kysty, squeamish, or nice in eating. Kezzlup-skin, the substance used in curdling milk, prepared from the stomach of a calf; in some counties called Runnet. Kilt, killed. Kirock, a large heap of stones, formerly used as boundary marks, burial places, or guides for travellers. Kist, a chest. Kite, the belly. Kith, acquaintance. Kith-and-kin, friends and relations. " First she made him the fleece to wynne, And after that from kith and kynne, With great treasore with him she stave." — Gower Conf. Am., b. 5. Kitlins, kittens. Kits, pails. Kittle, to tickle ; also, ticklish ; quick. Kizzard, dried ; shrivelled. Kna, know. Knas, knows. Knaanit, know not. Knain, knowing. 138 Knack, or Knapp, to speak affectedly. " She knappt her words ;" that is, she minced her words. Kneaf, or Neaf, the fist. Knoll, Know, or Knowl, a bare rounded hillock, or eminence. Knop, a large tub. Kurk, a church. Kurk-garth, a church-yard. Kurn, churn. Kurn supper, a harvest supper ; so called, be- cause a quantity of cream, slightly churned, was originally the only dish which constituted it. Ky, or Kye, cows. Kyesty, dainty. La, low. Laa, law. Laas, laws. Laaf, or Lauf, a loaf. Laaid, a load. Laase, to lose. Laff, to laugh Laffin', laughing. Laik, or Lake (Sax. lacan), to play. Laiker, a person engaged in sport. Laird, a farmer's eldest son, or one who already possesses land. Lairly, or Laisy, idle ; base. Lait, or Laait, to look for. Laitit, found. Lakeing, a toy. Lall, little. Lallops, a slattern. — J\£S. Glossary. Lam, to beat. Lane, or Lean, to connive at, or hide a fault. Lang, long. Langer, longer. Lang length, the whole length. Lang-some, long ; tedious. Lankester, Lancaster. 139 Lanlword, a landlord. Lant (in some counties Loo), a game at cards. Lanters, the players at lant. Lap, leaped. Late, to seek; to search ; to invite. Lating, divisions of the county of Westmoreland, so called, in early times, from the north country verb to late, signifying to seek, to invite. When a death happened in one of these districts, the heads of the houses within the circuit, met to condole with the friends of the deceased, and the younger members of the community watched the corpse during the night to the day of interment. The mistresses of families also met to celebrate the birth of every child. But of all festive occa- sions, none could be compared with a marriage ; it was attended by the whole lating, each family being summoned to meet on the appointed day, by the bridegroom in person, attended by a cavalcade of his friends. It is necessary to add, that the expenses on these occasions are fully met by the contributions of the visiters. Lauke, to strike as with a whip ; also, to pull weeds out of corn. Laukin, weeding. Lave (Sax. lav and lave), the rest; the remainder. " We are always ahint the lave ;" that is, we are always behind the rest. Lea, or Lee, rich meadow or pasture land. Leaam, lame. Leace, lace. Leak, to look. Leaksta, lookest thou ; do you see. Leane, alone. Leaser, leisure. Leate, late. Leather-te patch, a particular kind of step in a Cumberland dance. Leatly, lately. Ledder, or Leather, to beat. 140 Lee, to lie. Leein, lying. Leea, Leagh, or Leigh, a scythe. Leeath, or Leathe, a barn. Leeftail, quick sale. Leet, to happen ; to meet with ; to alight. Leethet' lass, Lewthwaite's lass. Leetnin, lightning. Leetsome, lightsome. Leev, to live. Leever, rather. Let-to-geate, went home. Lick, to beat. Lick'd, beat. Lickin, a beating. Lids, manner ; fashion. Liekd, loved. Lig (Sax. ligan), to lay. Lile, little. Lilt, to sing or play a tune in a cheerful key. Limber, supple. — MS. Glossary. Ling, a provincial term for heath. — Agric. Survey of Westmoreland. Lipe, a piece cut off or taken away from anything. — MS. Glossary. Lirple, Liverpool. Lirt, to toss. Lish, active; genteel. Lithe, to listen ; to attend. Lock, or Loke, a small quantity. " Gi'e the mear a loke o' hay." Locker, a small cupboard. Loff, to offer. Loft, the upper apartment of a cottage ; a sleeping room. Lonnin, a lane. Loome, lame. Lout, an awkward clown. Low, to blaze ; to flame. 141 Lowes, small hills or eminences on a flat. Lowes, to loose; to untie. Lows'd, loosed. Lown, or Lound, a calm. Lowp, a leap. Lowpt, leaped ; leapt. Lugs, the ears. Luik, to look. Luikt, looked. Luim, a weaver's loom; a chimney. Luive, or Lyuiv, love. Luke, to look. Luking, looking. Lump, a sum ; a large piece. Lurry, to pull. Lush, the noise of anything falling into water. — MS. Glossary. Lwonin, a lane ; sometimes used for a street. Lwosers, losers. Lyave, see Lave. Lyte, to expect ; to depend upon ; to trust to. Lythey, thick. M. Maad, Meaad, or Maaid, made. Maak, Mack, or Mek, make. Maakin, or Mackin, making. Maaks, makes. Maander, to miss one's way. Maap, to maunder ; to wander about in a thought- ful manner. — MS. Glossary. Maar, or Mare, more. Mack, or Mak, a sort ; a kind ; a fashion. Maddled, confused ; stupified. Madlin, a bad memory. Mafplin, a simpleton. Magget, or Maggot, a whim. Mail, see Black-mail. Maikt, may not. Maislikin, foolish. 142 Maist, most. Mal, Mary. Mangrel, a mongrel cur. Man thysel', act with the spirit of a man. Mannerly, decent; neat. Mant, to stutter. Mappen (may happen), may be; perhaps. Marget, Margaret. Marrow, an equal ; a companion ; one of the same sort. Match'd, paired or pitted. Maunder, or Mander, to wander about in a thought- ful manner ; to talk confusedly. Mattt, or Mote, malt. Maw, to mow grass. Mawkin, a bunch of rags to clean an oven with ; a dirty lazy woman. Mawm, peaceable ; quiet. — MS. Glossary. Maythem, a may-game or simpleton. — MS. Gloss. Mazle, to wander as if stupified. Mazelins, silly persons. Me, my. Mea, or Meya, make. Meake, Meck, or Maye, to make. Meakin, an aquatic vegetable that grows six or eight feet long, in water about ten or twelve feet deep, forming a curious wood, a favorite resort of the bass. Mean (Sax. meenan), to bemoan. Meand, moaned ; complained. Meeda, meadow ground. Meet, might. Meeterly, moderately. Meety, mighty ; very large. Meetily, mightily. Mell, meddle. 143 Mell, a mallet or beetle. " I, John Bell, Leave this mell For to fell Them that gi'es a' to their bairns, And keeps nought for theirsel'." — Epitaph on himself by an old country mason, who, during his life, had given away all his property to his ungrate- ful children. The jockey who is last in a race is called the mell. It has been said that he is so called from it having been formerly the custom to give a mell to the owner of the last horse ; the presumed custom, however, lacks proof. It is more likely that the rider of the last horse is called the mell, from his driving the others before him. Mell-door, the space between the heck and out- ward door, the entry or passage; that is, the middle or intermediate door. The mell-door and heck were always at the back of the house. Menny, many. Mens'd, graced or decorated. Mense, decency; propriety. Tailor's mense, the morsel of meat which a country tailor leaves at dinner, when working out, that he may not be charged with indecently eating all up. Mensful, decent. Menseless, mean ; improper ; wanting mense. Ment (Sax. mcengan, or mengan), mixed or min- gled. " For evir of love the sicknesse Is ment with sweete and bittirnesse." — Chaucer. Mere, or Meer, a mare. Mere, a pool ; a lake. Mess, truly ; indeed. Methy, a difficult respiration, occasioned by the lightness of the air. — Hutchinson [s History of Cumberland. Mickle (Sax. micl or micel), much. N 2 144 Mid, middle. Middin, a dunghill. Midge, a gnat. Midneet, midnight. Mid-thie, mid-thigh. Miffmafp, nonsense. Mirk, dark. Mirlin, pining. Mismanner'd, unbecoming. Misnare, to incommode, or put out of the way. — MS. Glossary. Mistacken, mistaken. Mistetch^ to teach improper things. A mistetched horse signifies a horse that has some peculiar vice. Mitch, much. Mittens, gloves. Mizzle, to rain slightly. Moam, mellow. There is a sort of crumbling stone in Oxfordshire whicli the country people call maum. — Plot's Oxfordshire. Moant, or Munnet, must not. Monny, or Monie, many. Mooan, the moon. Mood, roared. Moodle, to fold up. — MS. Glossary. Moor-master (so called in Cumberland, in other places Bar-master), an officer or agent connected with the mines. More, or Moor, a hill ; a mountainous country. Hence the county of Westmoreland derives its name — the land or country of the western mores. — Ray. Mowdywarp, a mole. Mud, must or might. Muins, moons. Muir, a moor. 145 Mul, the dust of peats. Mull, to break anything into small pieces. — MS. Glossary. Mun, must. Munea, must I. Munnet, must not. Murrle, to muse or think with great attention, — MS. Glossary. Murry, merry. Murry-neet (merry-night), a merry meeting where each of the guests pays a certain sum for the benefit of the person giving the entertainment. Mworn, morn or morrow. Myaking, making. N. Na, or Nea, no ; not. Naething, nothing. Naigs (nags), horses. Nangnail, see Agnayles. Nanny, Ann. Nantle, to fondle ; to trifle. — MS. Glossary. Nar, near. Nash, brittle. Nattle, to strike slightly. Naw, now. Neaam, name. Neaan, noon. Neakt, naked. Neak, Neuk, or Nuik, a nook or corner : as, " the ingle-nuik ,-" that is, the chimney corner. Neb, a point ; a beak ; also, the nose ; the mouth. " How she holds up the neb, the bill to him, And arms her with the boldness of a wife." — Shakspere's Winter's Tale. Nebbor, a neighbour. n 3 146 Nebp, or Neif, the fist. Double-neif, the clenched fist. " Sweet knight, I kiss thy neif." — Shakspere' s Henry IV. Neen, nine. Ne'er ak, never mind. Neet, night. Neider, neither. Neisht, Neist, or Neest, next. Net, not. New fangled, new fashioned. Neybor, neighbour. Neyce, nice. Night Courtship. This custom, which we are happy to state is on the wane, is thus described in a note to Anderson 's Ballads .• — " A Cumbrian peasant pays his addresses to his sweet- heart during the silence and solemnity of midnight, when every bosom is at rest, except that of love and sorrow. Anticipating her kindness, he will travel ten or twelve miles over hills, bogs, moors, and mosses, undiscouraged by the length of the road, the darkness of the night, or the intemperature of the weather ; on reaching her habitation, he gives a gentle tap at the window of her chamber, at which signal she immediately rises, dresses herself, and proceeds with all possible silence to the door, which she gently opens, lest a creaking hinge or a barking dog should awaken the family. On his entrance into the kitchen, the luxuries of a Cumbrian cottage — cream and sugared curds — are placed before him by the fair hand of his Dulcinea ; next, the courtship commences, previously to which, the fire is darkened or extinguished, lest its light should guide to the window some idle or licentious eye; in this dark and uncomfortable situation (at least uncomfortable to all but lovers), they remain till the advance of day, depositing in each other's bosoms the secrets of love, and making vows of unalterable affection." Nimmel, nimble. Nin, none. Nit, not. 147 Nivver, never. Noant, aunt. Noase, the nose. Nobbet, nought but; only. Noddy, a game of cards. "Cranwell. Gentlemen, what shall our game be? Wen doll. Master Frankford, you play best at noddy.'''' — Heywood' s Woman Killed with Kindness. Noder, neither. Nolt, black cattle. Nonskaith, a wishing or longing ; the desire raised in one person to do a thing by seeing it done by another. — MS. Glossary. Norse, a nurse. Nought-at-dow, good for nothing. Nout, or Nowt, nothing. Nout-geld, or Neat-geld, cornage rent ; originally paid in cattle ; a horn tax. " Cornage seems to have been peculiar to the border service against the Scots. The tenants holding under it were bound to be ready to serve their prince and the lord of the manor, on horseback or on foot, at their own costs and charges ; and, being best acquainted with the passes and denies of the country, had the honour of marching in the vanguard when the king's army passed into Scotland." — Nicolson and Burn's West, and Cumb., vol. 1, p. 16. Nowt, or Nolt, cattle. Nowther, neither. Nudder, another. Nuikeel, or Ntjikkelt, yeilding milk. A cow is said to be top-nuiJckel when her milk is most abundant, shortly after calving. Nuikkel is probably a corruption of new-calved. Nyple, to pilfer. 0. Oa, or Aw, all. Oaners, owners. 148 Oast, curd for cheese. Oddments, odds and ends ; articles of no great value. Oddwhite (God's wite), a malediction. Odswinge, a rustic oath. Offen, often. Omast, almost. Ommea, or Omme, of me. Ondergang, to undergo. Onny, or Ony, any. Onset, a dwelling house and out-buildings. On't, of it. Open'd-their-gills, said of those who gape wide and drink much. Oppent, opened. Or, ere. Orndorn, see Aandorn. Oss, to offer ; to try ; to essay ; to set about any- thing. Ossing, offering. O'th', all the ; of the. Ought, aught. Owar, or Owe, over. Owarteaak, overtook. Ownd, fated or destined. Owther, either. P. Pace-eggs (from pash, the feast of Easter), eggs boiled hard and dyed or stained various colours, given to children about the time of Easter. A custom of great antiquity among various nations. See an account of it in Brand's Popular Anti- quities, vol. 1., p. 142. Pack, a measure of coals, of about three Win- chester bushels. Paddock, a small field (see Parrak) ; also, a frog. 149 " The paddock, or hog paddock, breeds on the land; is bony and big, especially the she." — Izaak Walton. Paddock-bud, or Paddock-ride, the spawn of frogs. Paffeldin, baggage. — MS. Glossary. Pan, to fit ; to agree. Pang'd, quite full ; crammed with food. Par, a pair. Parcel, parsley. Parfet, perfect; entire. Parlish, perilous ; dangerous. "The more part of writers were wholly given to serve Antichriste's affectes in the parelouse ages of the church." John Bale. Parrak, or Parruck (Sax. parruc), a small field or park adjoining to, or surrounding, a house. Parsen, personal charms. Pat, put. Pate, the head. Pate, a badger. Patjnd, a pound. Paur, or Pawer, power. Paut, to walk heavily. Paw-ma ir, stir more. "The cat will never paw-mair." Pawpe, to step softly forward in a leisurely mea- sured manner. — MS. Glossary. Pean, to strike or beat. Peat, or Peet, turf; a fibrous moss used as fuel, dug out of marshes or fens. Pech, to pant ; to breathe heavily. Pee, to squint ; to spy with one eye ; to look through contracted eyelids. Peed, blind of an eye. There is a ludicrous anec- dote of " Peed Dalton, of Shap," in JVicolson and Burn's West, and Curnb., vol. 1. p. 537. 150 Peer, poor. Peg, to beat with sharp knuckles. Pelder, to encumber. — MS. Glossary. Pelter, anything large. Pelsey, obstinate; cross; mischievous. — MS. Gloss. Pennystones, stones in the form of quoits. Pennystone-cast, the distance which such a stone can be thrown. Pettle, to trifle. — MS. Glossary. Pe yl, to beat. Pey, a pea. Peays, peas. Pezz, pease. Pez-strae, a rustic love charm. "A Cumbrian girl, when her lover proves unfaithful to her, is, by way of consolation, rubbed with peas-straw by the neighbouring lads; and when a Cumbrian youth loses his sweetheart by her marriage with a rival, the same sort of comfort is administered to him by the lasses of the village. — Anderson. Pick, pitch. Pick-the-fwoal, said of mares who foal before their natural time. Picks, the suit of diamonds at cards. " Mr. Hunter says that when people have burnt their shins by sitting before a hot fire, they will say ' my legs are all over picks and hearts,' that is, red blotches." — Brockett. Piggins, small wooden vessels made in the manner of half-barrels, and having one stave longer than the rest for a handle. Pig-hull, a hog-sty. Pirned, dried up; pined. — MS. Glossary. Plack, a piece of money. Plaigd, plagued. Plaum, a plum. Pleaast, pleased. Pleenin, complaining. Pleugh, a plough. 151 Ploat, to pluck feathers. Plood, ploughed. Poak, or Poke, a sack or bag. Podish, porridge. Poky, saucy. — MS. Glossary. Pood, or Powt, pulled. Pooin, or Powen, pulling. Popple, to rise up in the water like bubbles. — ■ MS. Glossary. Pops-and-Pairs, a game at cards. Porshon (portion), fortune; a dowry. Posset-cup. Before the introduction of tea, it was customary to give strangers at festival times, ale- possets ; they were served up in bowls called doubters, into which the company dipped their spoons promiscuously, for the simplicity of the times had not then seen the necessity of accom- modating each guest with a basin or soup-plate. The posset-cup shone as an article of finery in the better sort of houses ; it was made of pewter, and was furnished with two, three, or more lateral pipes, through which the liquid part of the compound might be sucked by those who did not choose the bread. Pow, to pull ; also, a term for the head. Powder, bustle ; haste. Praia, pray you. Pra'tha, prythee. Praud, proud. Prent, print. Primely, very well. Primp, to behave in a ridiculously formal, or affected manner. Prod, thrust. Prijive, prove. Pubble, plump. Pudder, confusion. Puil, a pool. 152 Punch, to strike with the feet ; to kick. Puzzen, poison. Pwoke, to poke. Pyannet, a magpie. Pyfle, to pick delicately. — MS. Glossary. Quality-mak, quality-kind ; gentry. Quartern, a quarter. Quean, a queen ; also, a whore. E. Raaid, ride or rode. Racken, to think ; also, to count. Rack-hurry, the track or railway on which wag- gons run in unloading coals at a hurry ; that is, at a staith or wharf. Rackle, rude ; unmanageable. Rackle-deed, loose conduct. Ragabrash, low idle people. Raid, an incursion or plundering inroad of the Scottish Borderers into the English frontier. — Brockett. Raise, a cairn, tumulus, or heap of stones. " In the parishes of Edenhall and Lazonby, in Cumber- land, there are yet some considerable remains of stones which still go by the name of raises, though many of them have been carried away, and all of them thrown out of their ancient form and order." — Hutchinson's History of Cum- berland, vol 1, p. 252. Ram, having a strong smell. Rammish, violent. — MS. Glossary. Rang, wrong. Rannel-balk, or Rannel-tree, a strong piece of wood crossing the chimney, parallel to the floor of the upper room, from which is suspended a 153 chain with crooks to hang the boiler upon. Mr. Carr thinks it is a corruption of ran-tree-bauk, which might have a wonderful effect in keeping off the witches from the kail, &c. Rannigal, see Reeul. Ranty, frisky; wild. Rappis, a rapscallion ; a dissolute person. Rascot, a rascal. Ratten-crook, a long crook, reaching from the rannel-balk to the fire. Rattens, rats. Raum, room. Raund, or Rawnd, round. Raundth', round the. Rave, tore. Bear, to raise ; to rally. Reddy, ready. Reed, red. Reeder, redder. Reeden, or Reedin, ill-tempered. Reek, smoke. Reerd, raised on end. Reet, right. Reetly, rightly. Reeul, or Rannigal, a rude unmanageable per- son. — MS. Glossary. Rench, to rinse. Ride, to rob; or rather to go out on horseback for such a purpose ; a border word. " A saying is recorded of a mother to her son (which is now become proverbial), ' Ride, Rowlie, hough's i' the pot ;' that is, the last piece of beef was in the pot, and, therefore it was high time for him to go and fetch some more." — Nicolson and Burn's Westmoreland and Cum- berland, vol. 2, p. 466. Riding the StaNg, a punishment inflicted upon adulterers, those who beat their wives, and such persons as follow their occupations during par- ticular festivals or holidays. In cases where the offender was too powerful to be personally punish- o 154 ed, a deputy mounted the stang — a long thick stake or pole borne on men's shoulders, and published his neighbour's shame in some such rhyme as this : — " It isn't for my foat et I ride stang, But for W. B. who his wife does bang." A copious description of the custom may be found in Brand's Popular Errors, and Jamie- son's Scottish Dictionary. Rin, to run. Rines, the reins. Ritin, writing. Ritten, written. Rive, to tear ; to eat voraciously without knife or fork. Rivven, torn. Rock, a distaff; or the stick to which flax is fastened when spinning. Roughness, plenty ; store. Roundge, a great noise; a violent push. — MS. Gloss. Roworgin, an organ. Row-up, to devour. Roysteran, indulging in boisterous mirth and jollity. Royster'd, vociferated. Ruddy, ready. Ruddily, readily. Ruggs, thick woollen coverlids for beds. Rumbur, the short run before leaping. — MS. Gloss. Ruse, a rose. Russlin, wrestling. Rust, rest ; repose. Rwoard, roared. Rwose, rose. Ryap, a rope. Saak, sake. Saar, sore. S. 155 Sackless, innocent ; faultless ; weak ; simple. Sae, or Soa, so. Sair, sore. Sairly, sorely. Sairy, poor; innocent. Sall, shall. Sampleth, a sampler ; a piece of needlework. San, sand. Sank, a great quantity ; as, " there is a sank of potatoes." — MS. Glossary. Sark, a shirt or chemise. Sarra, to serve. Sartan, certain. Sarvants, servants. Sarvis, service. Sarvth', serve the. Sattle, or Settle, a long seat, generally with a high back to it. Saurin, vinegar. Saut, or Sault, salt. Saww, a violent yet sluggish kind of ache or pain, such as follows a blow upon the head, or is felt in the fingers when brought to the fire in a severe frost. — MS. Glossary. Scale, to disperse or waste ; as, to scale goods, money, or any property. Scar, or Skar, a bare and broken rock on the side of a mountain, or in the high bank of a river. Scaur, to scour. Scaum y, a particular misty appearance of the sky. — MS. Glossary. Scawd, to scald or boih Scawder'd, scalded. Sceap'd, escaped. Sceape-greace, a hair-brained graceless fellow. Schuil, a school. Sconce, a screen capable of being drawn across the front of the fire from the corner of the heck, thus o2 156 shutting the family up as it were in a little par- lour ; also, a kind of candlestick, with a tin back or reflector, to hang against a wall. Scons, cakes made of barley-meal. SCOTTY KYB, Scotch COWS. Scowder, a bustle ; untidy state. — MS. Glossary. Scraffle, to scramble; to struggle ; also, to wrangle or quarrel. Scran, food. Scrat, or Skrat, a scratch. Scratting, scratching. Scrawlen, sprawling. Screes, precipices ; scars. — MS. Glossary. Scribe or A pen, a line by way of letter ; a letter. Scrudge, a squeeze. Scugg, lurking or lying hid in a corner. Scumfished, suffocated. Scufter, to bustle ; to hurry. — MS. Glossary. Scy', a scythe. Sea, see you. Seaal, sale. Seaam, the same. Seaave, to save. Seager, or Shugar, sugar. Seak, Seec, or Seek, sick. Seek as a peat, extremely sick. Sea-nag, a ship. Sean, soon. Seape, soap. Seat, soot. Seck, such. Sed, said. Sedth', said the. Seed, saw. Seegh, to sigh. Seer, sure. See't, see it. Seet, sight. 157 Seevy-cap, a cap made of rushes. Seggy, callous, as the skin in the palm of a work- man's hand, or on the bottom of the feet. — MS. Glossary. Sell, self. Selt, sold. Sen, or Seyne, since. Senth', since the. Settle, see Sattle. Seugh, a wet ditch. Seune, or Sewen, seven. Seym;, side. Seypers, those who drink to the last drop ; immo- derate drinkers. Shag, a slice of bread. Shakin, the ague. Shally-wally, an expression of contempt. Shap, shape. Shawl, to walk badly or with the legs crooked. — MS. Glossary. Shear, to reap. Shearin', reaping. Shed, to excel ; as in the saying, " he passes and sheds" that is, he surpasses or excels all. " Here lies John Richmond, honest man : Shed that who can." — Grave-stone in Cockerham churchyard. Shem, shame. Shem and a Bizen (a shame and a bye-saying), a scandal and a bye-word. Sheynin, shining. Shilla, a stony beach. Shirl, to slide. Shive, to cut in slices. Shittle-cum-shaw, an exclamation of contempt Shoo, a shoe. Shoon, shoes. Shot, each man's share or just proportion of the score or reckoning at a public-house ; as, " shot o3 158 was gethert," that is, the reckoning was collected. — Brockett. Shoul, a shovel. Showder, the shoulder. Shuffle, to scrape with the feet; to evade. Shuik, shook. Shwort, short. Shwort cakes, rich sweet cakes which break short, such as the Cumbrian peasants present to their sweethearts at fairs. Sic, such. Sike, or Syke, a small stream or rill which is usually dry in summer. Sin, since. Sinseyne, since that time. Sind, to rinse. Sine, a sign. Sineways, sundry ways. Sinifies, signifies. Skaif, distant ; wild ; fearful ; scattered abroad, or apt to be dispersed. — MS. Glossary. Skear, or Scower, gravel ; or a bed of small peb- bles. — MS. Glossary. Skeer, the place where cockles are gathered. Shelled, anything twisted or warped out of a flat or straight form into that of a curve, shell, or shell. — MS. Glossary. Skelp, to skip or run with great strides, or in a bounding manner. — MS. Glossary. Sken, to squint. Skensmadam, or Who-may-say, a mock dish set upon the table for show. — MS. Glossary. Skewin up, tossing up. Skew't-and-tew't, tossed about. Skilvings, a wooden frame to fix on the top of a cart in order to widen and extend its size. — MS. Glossary. 159 Skimmels, forms ; seats. Skirl, to scream. Skreengd, squeezed. Slaister, to beat violently. — MS. Glossary. Slack, a valley or small shallow dell. Slake, an accumulation of mud or slime, particu- larly in a river. Slake, a gentle drawing of one thing over another ; hence, a piece of furniture half-cleaned is said to have had the slut's slake. — MS. Glossary. Slape, slippery ; smooth. Slat, to spill or throw. Slattery, wet and dirty. Sleas, sloes, the fruit of the blackthorn. Slee, sly. Sleely, slily. Sleevless-arrant, an errand to no purpose. Slinge, or Slink, to go creepingly away as if ashamed. Perhaps from the Saxon slincan, to creep. Slird, to slide. Slive, to dress carelessly ; a sloven. — MS. Gloss. Slokken, to slake; to quench. " To slokken your thirst." Slon, sly. — MS. Glossary. Smaw, small. Smiddy, a smithy ; a blacksmith's shop. Smoar, to smother ; to suffocate. Smuly, looking smoothly ; demure. Smurk (smirk), to smile. Snaar, greedy. Snafflen, sauntering. Snag, to cut off; as, " to snag the bough of a tree." Snape, to check ; to chide. Snaps, small round gingerbread cakes. Snarrel, a hard knot. — MS. Glossary. 160 Sneck, the latch of a door or gate ; also, a notch. Snift'rin, sniffling. Sniggs, young eels. Snirp, to pine ; to wither ; to contract. — MS. Gloss. Snirrels, the nostrils. — MS. Glossary. Snizy, cold. — MS. Glossary. Snocksnarrels, entangled ; cross. Snodd, smooth ; demure. Snotter, to cry ; to snivel. Snwornin, snoring. SoAry, sorry. Soav and clip, to salve and shear sheep. Sonn, to think deeply. — MS. Glossary. Sonsy, honest-looking ; jolly; good. "Tamar's a sonsy lass." " Aye, an' a sonsy weight she is too." Soond, to faint. Sops, lumps of black-lead. Sorro, sorrow. Soss, generally spoken of a thing falling heavily to the ground ; also, to drink. Sote, salt. Sotter, to boil slowly. Sour milk, buttermilk. Souse, to plunge or immerge in water. Sowdgers, soldiers. Spain, to wean. Spain in, weaning. Spangs, springs. Span new, quite new. Spelk, a splinter, or thatching pin. Spenses, expenses. Speyce, spice. Spinnels, spindles. Splet, split. Spot, a place. Spottle, a schedule. 161 Spunky, sparkling ; full of spirit. Squab, a kind of sofa. Squeelin, squalling. Squoaveran callan, a jesting youth. Staat, an estate. Staffle, Staivel, or Stoap, to walk about as if lost, or like a drunken person. — MS. Glossary. Stag, a young horse. Stang (Sax.), to sting. Stang, a long bar ; a wooden pole ; a piece of tim- ber adapted for a shaft of a cart or carriage, or for a railing, or for putting across a river, or indeed for any purpose requiring strength, — JBrockett. See Riding the stang. Stank, to sigh ; to moan ; to groan ; to gasp for breath ; also, a dam or weir. Starken, to tighten. Statesman, one who occupies his own estate ; a small landholder. His eldest son is called a laird, and when there is no son, the eldest daugh- ter is born to the title of lady or leady, while the holder of a manor of course bears that of hvord, Thus we may see a statesman driving the plough, lady Bell labouring at the churn, and lord Rit- son attending the market with turnips to sell. — Joule's Cumberland Manners. Stavlan, lounging. Stayt, staid. Steaad, stood. Steaak, stake ; also, to shut. Steaal, stole. Steaalin, stealing. Steal, a stool. Stee, a ladder, or stile. Steek, or Stuik, to shut; to close. " Kittle t' coal, and mak t' ingle shine ; Steek V dere, and keep out t' swine." 162 Steaan, a stone. Steg, a gander. Steven, to set the Steven, is to agree upon the time and place of meeting previous to some expedi- tion — MS. Glossary. Stevvin, to be in a fuss.?— MS. Glossary. Stibble, stubble. Sticks, furniture. Stint, a limit; quantity or allowance of anything, as of labour, victuals, &c. Perhaps from the Saxon stincan, to restrain, or set bounds to. " How much wine drink you in a day ? My stint in company is a pint at noon." — Swift. Stitches, narrow ridges of land. Storken, to cool, to stiffen like tallow. Stoun, or Stound, a sudden and transient pain. " Such piercing grief her stubborn heart did wound, That she could not endure the doleful stound," — Spehser. Stoup (stoop), to bend forward. Stour, dust. Stoury, dusty. Stove, a young shoot of wood. — MS. Glossary. Stown, stolen. Stowter, to struggle ; to walk clumsily. Strack, or Struik, struck. Strae, straw. Strammer, large ; great ; as, " a s trammer lie." — MS. Glossary. Strones, tenants who are bound to assist the lord in hunting, and turning the red deer on the tops of the mountains to the forest. — Nicolson and Burn's West, and Cumb. Stroo, to strain a liquid through cloth, or to press it through a narrow passage, as through the teeth. —MS. Glossary. 163 Stummer'd, stumbled. Styan, a stone. Sud, should. Suin, soon. Suir, sure. Sukken, moisture. — MS. Glossary. Sump, a puddle or dirty pond. Summet, something. Sumph, a blockhead. Sunkets, suppers. Swaith, the fetch or ghost of a dying person. Swap, to exchange. Swaymus, shy. Sweels of laughter, swells or bursts of laughter. We likewise say the candle sweels, when the light flickers and causes the tallow to burn away quickly. From the Saxon swcelan. " Into his face the brond he forst, his huge beard brent a light, And sweating made a stink." — Phaer's Translation of VirgiVs JEneid. Swelt, overcome with heat and exercise ; to faint ; to swoon ; to die. Grass, when cut in wet wea- ther is said to swelt. In a hot dry season it is said that every green thing swells for want of rain. Sweyne, swine. Swipe, to drink off hastily. Swirtle, to move nimbly, uneasily, or in a fidgetty manner. Swoap, or Swope, a sup. Sworry, sorry. Swort, a syringe. Swurlt, whirled. Sype, to drain. — MS. Glossary. Syzle, to saunter. — MS. Glossary. 164 T. Taakin, state of ill-temper ; a tiff. Taar, tore. Taas, wood split thin to make baskets with. Taave, or Teeave, to wade through mire. Taavin, or Teaavin, kicking. Tae, to. Ta'en, taken. Taggelt, a loose character either male or female : " a sad taggelt.'" — MS. Glossary. Tahmy, stringy, untwisted, like tow. — MS. Gloss. Taistrel, a scoundrel. See Taystrayelt. Tak, or Taick, take. Takenth', taken the. Tammy, glutinous or sizy. — MS. Glossary. Tan, then. Tane, the one. Tangle, sea-weed. Tangs, tongs. Tappy-lappy, in haste, with the co&t-laps flying behind through speed. " Nanny Bell's crying out : I just gat a gliff o' Gweorge runnin', tappy-lappy, for the howdey." Tarn, a pool or small lake, usually on the top of a hill. Ray says, a bog, a fen, a marsh, a pool, a quagmire. Tarn'd, ill-natured. , Tath', to the Tave, a fidgeting like motion with the feet ; or the working of plaster, &c, with a spade. — MS. Gloss. Taystrayelt, a loose idle person. From tie-stray- elt, a horse or cow that is apt to break beyond the bounds of its tie or tedder. — MS. Glossary. Teaable, table. Teaan, taken. Tea-draa (too-draw), a place of refuge; a home. Teakin, taking. 165 Te, thee; to. Te dui, to do. Teanale, a basket. Teap or Tup, a ram. Tearan, tearing; a tearan fellow is a rough, hot- headed, person, who drives everything before him, regardless of danger and of consequences. Tedder-styak (tether-stake), a stake driven into the ground to which cattle are tied up, or te- thered up . Tee, tea ; also, to fasten ; to tie. Teea, or Teya, too. Teeht, a lock of wool, flax, &c. — MS. Glossary. Teem, or Tuim, to pour out of one vessel into another. Teen, to kindle ; to light ; as, " teen the candle." Teerd, tired. Tegidder, together. Tek, take. Telt, told; as, "I telt him to his head." Teugh, tough. Teydey (tidy), neat. Teyelleyer, a tailor. Teyme, time. Teyney, small; diminutive. Teyte (tide, old English for time) , used compara- tively for soon : as, " I'd as teyte hev a glass o' rum as a pint o' yell." See Titter. Th', or The, they. Thack, thatch, both as verb and substantive. Sax. thaccan, to cover ; thac, a roof or covering for a house. — Brockett. Thame, them. Thar, or Thur, these ; them. Thar, or Ther, their. Tha, or Thau, thou. Thaul, thou will Thault, thou wilt. 166 Thaum, Thoom, or Thoum, a thumb. Thaurt, thou art. Thear, or Thiar, there. Thee, the ; also, the thigh. Theek'd, thatch'd. Theeker, a thatcher. Ther, those. Thibel, or Thival, a wooden instrument with which hasty pudding is stirred. — Ewan Clark's Poems. Thick, intimate. Thimmel, a thimble. Thisan, this. Thissen, this way. Thof, although. Thou'll, thou wilt. Thou's, thou art. Thout, or Thowt, thought. Thraad, throwed. Thrang, throng ; busy. Theaw, to writhe ; to twist. Threap, or Threep, to assert positively. Threshwood, the threshhold of a doorway. Thrimmelt, pulled out. Throoth', through the. Thropple, the windpipe. Throssle, a thrush. Through-stone, or Thruff-stone, a flat tomb- stone. Thur, these. Thwaite, land, which was once covered with wood, brought into pasture or tillage; an assart. Thwaite enters into the name of many places in Westmoreland and Cumberland. Tift, a small draught of liquor, or short fit of doing anything ; also, condition, as to health of the body ; as a verb, it means fetching of the breath quickly as after running, &c. — MS. Gloss. Tig, to strike gently. 167 Tike, or Tyke, a blunt or vulgar fellow. Titter (tider), more timely; sooner; earlier; as, " titter up coe tudder;" that is, the earliest up call the other. Titty, sister. Tocher, or Towgher, a portion or dowry ; a dower. Toker, in other places means the same. — Brockett. Todder, the other. Toit, to tumble over or fall; commonly said of whatever stands on one end. — MS. Glossary. Toma, to me. Tome, a hair line for fishing. Tooming, an aching or dizziness of the eyes. — MS. Glossary. Top, or Topper, of agood quality; anything superior. Torn, to turn. Torn'd, turned. Toth', to the. Tow, two. Towert, towards. Toytle, to fall ; a child falling is said to " toy tie ower." — MS. Glossary. Traave, or Treeave, to stride along as if through long grass. — MS. Glossary. Traily, slovenly. — MS. Glossary. Tram, a train or succession of things, as of cattle, carts, &c. — MS. Glossary. Trig, tight ; compact. Trimmel, to tremble. Trinkums, useless finery. Trippet, a small piece of wood obtusely pointed, something like a shoe, hollow at one end and having a tail a little elevated at the other, which is struck with the buck-stick in a game called " trippet and coit," played by the rustics. p2 168 Trod, a footpath. Trollybags, tripe. Trouncin, a beating. Tu, or Tue, to work hard ; to be fatigued. Tuing, toiling; laborious. Tudder, the other. Tui, too. Tuik, took. Tuim, see Teem. Tuith, a tooth Tuithwark, the tooth-ache. Tul, till. Tult, to it ; till the. Tumble-carr, a cart drawn by a single horse ; pro- bably so named from the axle being made fast in the wheels, and turning round with them. — Agric. Survey of Cumberland. Tummelt, tumbled. Tup, a ram. Twea, or Twee, two. Twie, twice. Twilt, a quilt. Twirter, a year-old sheep. Tyer, moreover. U. Udder, other. Unco, uncommonly. Une, even. Unknaan, or Unname, unknown. Unhomed, awkward, unlikely. — MS. Glossary. Unkat, uncouth. Unket, strange, particular news. Upho'd, uphold. Uptii', up the. Urciion, a hedgehog. 169 V. Varra, very. Varmant, or Varment, vermin ; sometimes used as a term of reproach. Versal, universal. Vest, a waistcoat. W. Waair, or Waare, wore. Waat (Sax. witan), to understand. ,: Fein a whit I waat ;" that is, not a whit do I know. Wabble, to shake or tremble. Wad, black-lead. It also means a neighbourhood : as, " those places lie in the same wad or beat." Wad, would. Waddn't, would not. Wa dang it, a rustic mode of swearing. Wae, woe. Waff, a slight blast or smell. — MS. Glossary. Waff, to bark like a dog short and sharp. Waffler, a waverer. Waintly, very well. Waistomea, woe's me. Wait, or Wared, laid out or expended ; spent on wares. Wait (Sax. wat, from witan, whence weet, of which the preterite was wot) , to know ; to be aware. Wale, choice. Wan, to win Wandren, wandering. Wankle, weak ; feeble. Wanters, persons who want wives or husbands. Wap'd, wrapt. Waps, so called in Cumberland, but in some of the northern counties Batten, a large bundle or truss of straw. p3 170 War, was; were; also, worse. " They say the world is much war than it wont." — Spenser's Shep. Cal. Ward, or Warl, the world. Ward's, world is. War-day, work-day; every day in the week except Sunday. Warison, the stomach and its contents. Wark, to ache. Waws, walls. Weage, wages. Weahze, Weeze, or Waze, a wreath of straw, wool, or other soft substance, for protecting the head under the pressure of a load or burthen. Weathergall, the lower part of the rainbow when the rest of the arch is not seen. — MS. Glossary. Weatin, urine. Webster, or Wobster, a weaver. Wed, a heap of clothes, which each party of boys put down in a game called " Scotch and English." Wee, little; small; diminutive: as, "a wee bit." Weeaky, moist ; juicy. Weed, well. Wees, we shall. Wee't, with it. Weght, or Wecht, an article like a sieve, but without holes in the bottom, which is usually of sheepskin. Welly, well nigh ; almost. Welsh, or Wallow, tasteless ; insipid. Broth and water, and pottage, without salt, are wallow or welsh. A person whose face has a raw, pale, and unhealthy look, whom a keen frosty morning pinches, and to whom it gives an appearance of misery and poverty, has a welsh and wallow face. A welsh day is the same as a sleety day, when it is neither thaw nor frost; but a wallow day is 171 when a cold, strong, and hollow wind prevails.— Srockett. Welt, to lean on one side ; to upset. Wesh, to wash. Wesh'd, washed. Wey, an expression of assent ; also, why. Weyfe, a wife. Weyte, blame. Whaar, where. Wharth', where the. Whaar'st, where is it. Whaes, whose. Whaint, very. Whaintly, very well. Whaker, to quiver ; to shake. Whaker'd, quivered ; shook. Whane, to stroke down. — MS. Glossary. Whang, to jump clumsily ; also, a blow. Whang, a large and thick piece of anything eatable. Whanter, to flatter. — MS. Glossary. Whantle, to fondle. — MS. Glossary. Whart, a quart. Wheezlin (wheezing), drawing the breath with difficulty. Whelker, sometimes Yarker, a thump or blow ; also, anything uncommonly large ; a thumper. Wheel, until. Whemmle, to turn upside down. Whenth' when the. Whewtle, a slight whistle. Whey-feac'd, pale-faced. Wheyte, quite. Whey-whig, a pleasant and sharp beverage, made by infusing mint or sage into buttermilk whey. Whick, quick ; alive. Whidder, to tremble. Whietly, quietly. WhieWj, to fly hastily ; to make great speed. While, which. 172 Whinge, to whine ; to weep. Whinnering, neighing. Whins, gorse or furze. Whipping-the-cat, the custom of itinerant tailors, carpenters, &c, going from house to house to work. Whissenday, Whit-Sunday. Whist, hush ! White, to requite ; also, to cut wood with a knife. Whittle, a knife ; generally a clasp-knife. Whittle, to haggle in cutting. Whittle-gait. In Cumberland when the village schoolmaster does not receive adequate pay to support himself, from his scholar's quarter-pence, he is allowed what is called a whittle-gait, or the privilege of using his knife, in rotation, at the tables of thosa who send children to his school ; and if he be not a bashful trencherman, he never finds any reason to regret this mode of dining by rotation, as every good housewife always provides against his whittle-day, a cowed-lword and a piece of beef or mutton. Not many years ago, a harden sark, a guse-grassing ; and a whittle- gait, were all the salary of a clergyman ; in other words, his entire stipend consisted of a shirt of coarse linen, the right of commoning geese, and the more valuable privilege of using a knife and fork at the table of his parishioners. — Sanderson and Brockett. Whoal, a hole. Whope, hope. Whoor, a whore. Whore, where. Whornpeype, a hornpipe. Whurry, a wherry. — Anderson. A large boat, a sort of barge or lighter. — Brockett. 173 Whuzzin, whizzing. Whya, well. Whye, a heifer. Why-calf, a female or cow-calf. Whyllymer, or, as some whimsically style it, Rosley Cheshire, a very poor cheese, of which, says Brockett, " it might be safely said, saving both meat and mense, rohe'll ha' mare . ? " It is as remarkable for its poverty as that of Stilton is for its richness ; its surface is so hard that it frequently bids defiance to the keen edge of a Cumbrian gully ; and its interior substance so very tough, that it rather affords occupation to the teeth of a rustic than nourishment to his body, making his hour of repast (to use the ex- pression of an ingenious friend) , the severest part of his day's labour. — Noteto Anderson" 1 s Ballads. Wi' or Wid, with. Widdersful, endeavouring. Wide-gobb'd, wide-mouthed. Wie, with. Wieawt, without. Wieth', with the. Wieme, or Wimma, with me. Willy-wands, willow-rods. Wiltae, wilt thou. Win', the wind. Windy, noisy. Winnit, will not. Wiskett, or Whisket, a basket. Wittenly, or Wottingly, designedly. Wod, or Wad, would. Won (Sax. rvunnian), to dwell; to inhabit; to haunt ; to frequent. Wonted, or Wennied, applied to milk when it has been kept till approaching sourness. Woo, wool. Wood (Sax. wod), furious; raging. "Thro' unadvised rashness waxen wood." — Spenser. 174 Wor, were. Worchet, an orchard. Wordy, worthy. Worsed, worsted. Wot, to know. " If Skiddaw hath a cap, Criffel wots full well of that." — Cumberland Proverb. Wots, oats. Wramp, a sprain. Wrang, wrong. Wraul, to fret; to find fault; to grumble. — MS. Glossary. Wreeden, peevish ; cross. Y. Ya, Yaa, or Yan, one. Ya, an ewe. Yable, able. Yale, or Yell, ale. Yallo, yellow. Yammert, bawled. Yance, once. Yans, ones. Yat, a gate. Both Chaucer and Spenser use yate. Yaud, or Yawd, a common name among country people for a horse ; a jade. A druidical temple in Cumberland, goes by the name of the " Grey Yauds," probably from the colour of the stones. — BrocTcett. Yaur, or Yer, your. Ye age, age. Yearles (Earles in Craven), money advanced or given to confirm a bargain. Yeasy, easy. Yedder, .a straight hazel stick used in binding down fences. Yee, you. 175 Yee'l, you will. Yeer, a year. Yek, an oak. Yell, whole. Yen, one. Yence, once. Yer, or Yaur, your. Yersel', yourself. Yerd, a yard. Ye's, ye shall. Yilp, a term used to express the chirping of mice, birds, &c. Youngermer, younger persons. the end. GREENWICH : PRINTED BT HENRY S. RICHARDSON, STOCKWELI, STREET.