:! ■y ^ CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924096961069 In compliance with current copyright law, Cornell University Library produced this replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Standard Z39.48-1992 to replace the irreparably deteriorated original. 2003 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ERRATA. On page 138 the following names of graduates of Stevens High School sUoulJ have been inserted. 1871. 187-^. Edward F. Barnes. Clarissa A. Bardwell. Imogene E. Barnes. Annie E. Stone. Cora E. Chollis 1373. Elizabeth W. Goddard. Fannie A. Bailey. Mary E. Partridge. Ella B. Carroll. Abbie E. Rea^ Entered according to Act of Congress, In the year 1895, ET THE TOWN OF CLAREMONT, N. H., In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. INTRODUCTION. At the annual town-meeting in 1892, the question of a his- tory of Claremont heing under consideration, and having heard the report of the committee previously appointed to investigate and report upon the subject, it was : "Voted that the committee, viz., John S. Walker, Ira Colby, and George L. Balcom, be authorized to act as a committee to procure the writing and publication of a history of Claremont." Agreeably to the authority thus conferred, the committee, on behalf of the town, contracted with Otis F. K. Waite to write and prepare such history, from the grant of the township and its settlement through all its subsequent growth and progress down to the close of 1894. The work, completed, is now submitted to the approval of the town. John S. "Walker. Ira Colby. G-EORGE L. Balcom. Claremont, K H., August, 1895. PREFACE. Sober and exact history is one thing, while imagination and ro- mance is quite another. In writing a history of Claremont from 1764 to 1894 — a period of one hundred and thirty years — which has been too long delayed — the author has relied upon town and other records, written, history, and available tradition for his facts. Many who might have furnished valuable information of interest- ing and entertaining incidents of the early days of the settlement of the town and of the struggles, lives, and habits of the inhabit- ants of a century and a quarter ago, have long been numbered with the great majority and their records are to be found upon stones in the cemeteries. Tradition is generally unreliable, from the fact that the children and grandchildren of the early settlers know the stories they relate only from hearsay and, as a consequence, conflict in their statements of the same event. Information from this source has been examined with much care, with a view of arriving as nearly as possible at the exact truth. It would be worse than idle to suppose that this history is en- tirely free from errors of statement or other mistakes, although they have been guarded against in all practicable ways ; but it is hoped that none will suffer from them. Believing that the genealogy of families of any real value is impracticable, it has not been attempted ; but biographical sketches of many dead and living citizens are given in the last part of the VI PEEFACB. book. Others would have been noticed in a similar way had the necessary data been obtained. In these sketches the author has confined himself to ascertained facts, rather than resort to the use of rhetoric in the treatment of each subject of them. To the many who have in any way assisted in this work, by fur- nishing data or otherwise, the author hereby tenders his grateful thanks. o. P. R. w. July, 1895. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Grant of the town — Division into shares — Names of grantees — Names of pro- prietors — Meetings of proprietors — Draught of lots . . . 9-25 CHAPTER II. First settlement of the town — Burying yard and common — Taxes — Small-pox — Paper currency . . 26-46 CHAPTER III. New Hampshire grants — Vermont controversy — Letter from George Wash- ington — Petition of sundry inhabitants of Claremont . . . 27-58 CHAPTER IV. Federal and state constitutions — Federal constitution — State constitution 59-66 / CHAPTER V. County of Sullivan 67-69 CHAPTER VI. Boundaries — Natural characteristics — Localities — Village in 1822 . 70-77 CHAPTER Vn. Ecclesiastical — Congregational church — Settlement of Rev. George Wheaton — Will of Joel Richards 81-92 CHAPTER Vin. Episcopal church — Division of the parish — Trinity church . . 93-110 VIU CONTENTS. CHAPTER IX. Baptist church — Methodist Episcopal church — Alterations and improvements of the church building — Junction camp-meeting grounds — Universalist church — St. Mary's church 111-129 CHAPTER X. Schools and academies — Stevens high school — Mary J. Alden prizes — ReV.. Virgil H. Barber's academy — Clarerdont academy . . 133-143 CHAPTER XI. Literary societies — Libraries — New Hampshire Historical Society — Newspa- pers — United Fraternity of Young Men — Fiske free library — Claremont Book Club — Private libraries — the Claremont Spectator — Independent Advocate — The Impartialist — The National Eagle — The Northern Ad- vocate — The Compendium ... .... 144—155 CHAPTER XII. Farming interests — Family manufactures — Sullivan County Agricultural So- ciety — Market day and cattle fair — New Hampshire State Agricultural Society — Claremont — Farms .... . 156-182 CHAPTER XIII. Town hill — Part of the town first settled . . . . 183-187 CHAPTER XIV. Water power — Manufacturing and industrial interests — Monadnock mills — Sullivan Machinery Company — Sugar River Paper Mill Company — The Claremont Manufacturing Company — Slipper shop — Sugar River Mills Company — The Home mill — The Emerson-Hey ward privilege — The Sulli- van Manufacturing Company — The old knife-factory privilege — The Lower Falls Company — The Lafayette privilege — The old Meacham factory — Freeman & O'Neil Manufacturing Company — The Maynard & Washburn shoe factory — The Eastman tannery — Carpet factoi-y — The S. T. Coy Pa- per Company — Benjamin Tyler's smelting and iron works — The Gilmore edge tool works — Flax mill — The Grannis lumber mill — Shoe manufactur- ing — Claremont creamery 191-212 CONTENTS. IX CHAPTER XV. Revolutionary War — Stamp act — Sons of Liberty — Duty act — Arrests on charge of Toryism — False alarm — Arrest of William McCoy — Another alarm — Claremont men engaged — Capt. Oliver Ashley's company 215-241 CHAPTER XVI. The war of 1812 and Texan wars — Volunteers from Claremont — Capt. Joseph Kimball's company — Capt. Reuben Marsh's company . . . 242-246 CHAPTER XVII. War of the Rebellion — Assault on Fort Sumter — Meetings of citizens — Vol- unteers — Home guard — Meeting of condolence — County war meeting — The draft — Claremont's quota of soldiers — Ladies' Soldiers' Aid societies — Auxiliary sanitary commission — Thanksgiving to soldiers' families 247-269 CHAPTER XVIII. Soldiers' monument — Financial statement 270-279 CHAPTER XIX. Memorial tablets — Citizen soldiers who have been killed or died in the war of 1861-1865 ... 280-302 CHAPTER XX. National, state, county, and town officers — Representatives in congress — Presi- dential electors — United States marshal — Members of the governor's council — Railroad commissioners — Insurance commissioner — State sena- tors — Speakers of the house — Clerk of the house — Engrossing clerk — Judges of the supreme court — Judges of probate — Register of probate — — County treasurers — Sheriffs — County solicitors — Road commissioners — County commissioners — Town officers from 1768 to 1894 — Moderators — Town clerks — Selectmen — Representatives .... 30i?-313 CHAPTER XXI. Marriages — Births— Deaths, prior to 1797 . ... 314-324 CHAPTER XXII. Licensed liquor sellers and tavern keepers 325-331 X CONTENTS. CHAPTER XXIII. Lawyei's and physicians — Brief records 332-335 CHAPTER XXIV. Fires — Casualties — Freshets — Lightning — Tornadoes — Earthquake — Mur- ders 336-344 CHAPTER XXV. Postal service — Banks — Piailroads — List of postmasters in Claremont — Sum- nerville — West Claremont — Claremont Junction — The Claremont bank — The People's National bank — Sullivan Savings Institution — Sullivan County railroad — Concord and Claremont railroad — Windsor and Forest Line rail- road — Claremont and White Eiver Junction railroad — Black River railroad 845-2^ CHAPTER XXVI. Town hall — Cottage hospital — Highways aud bridges — Ashley ferry — Lot- tery bridge — Turnpike 352-360 CHAPTER XXYII. Death of Presidents William H. Harrison, Abraham Lincoln, and Ulysses S. Grant . . . 361-365 CHAPTER XXVin. Secret societies — Masonic organizations — Hiram Lodge, No. 9 — Union Mark Lodge, No. 1 — Webb Royal Arch Chapter— Columbian Council, No. 2 — Sullivan Commandery — Odd Fellows — Sullivan Lodge, No. 12 — Knights of Pythias — Grand Army — Major Jarvis Post, No. 12 — Patrons of Husbandry . 366-369 CHAPTER XXIX. Marks of cattle, sheep, and swine — Musical reminiscences — Western New Hampshire Musical association — Coaching party — Speculation times West Claremont Cadets — Visit of General Lafayette — Unusual seasons — The cold season — Army worm — Flood — Carnival of coasting — Laro-e elm tree — First muster 361-384 CHAPTER XXX. Biographical sketches 387-500 INDEX OF BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. Abel, Dr. Truman 387 Chase, Dudley T. 406 Ainsworths .... 387 Chapin, Bela 407 AMen family 388 Chellis, Burt . 409 EzraB. . 390 Clark, William . 409 Levi 888 Colby, Ira .... 410 Levi, 2d . 389 Cole, Samuel 411 J Louisa M. 388 Cooke, Capt. John 411 Lucinda C. 390 Cossit, Ambrose 413 ., Thomas W. 389 Ambrose, Jr. . 413 Allen, Dr. Arthur N. 390 Cummings, Dr. Alvah R. . 414 William H. H. 390 Dexter, Col. David . 414 Ashley, Samuel 392 Dickinson, Aurelius . 415 Austin, William P. 393 Dole, Edmund . 416 Baker, Dr. Cyrus E. 394 Lemuel 415 Edward D. 394 Dustin, Mighill . 418 Balcom, George L. 395 Moody . 417 Balloch, George W. 399 Thomas and Timothy 417 Barnes, Bill 398 Dowlin, Dr. Winefred M. 418 Bingham, Charles M. 400 Eastman, Charles H. 418 James H. 401 Timothy . 418 Bond, Daniel 401 Ellis, Barnabas . 419 Daniel, Jr. 401 Caleb 420 George 402 William . 420 Job . 402 Emerson, John T. 422 Bowker, Daniel S. 402 Farley, Harriet N". . 423 Breck, William . 402 Farwell, George N. . 424 Brown, Oscar J. 377 George N., 2d . 426 Bunnell, Abel . 404 John L. 425 Charlton, Edwin A. 405 Nicholas 423 Chase, Arthur . 406 Fay, Harry C. . . . 426 Rev. Dr. Carlton 405 Fisher, Leonard P. . 426 Daniel . 406 Fiske, Samuel . 427 INBEX OF BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. Piske, Samuel P. 427 Ladd, Dr. William M. 446 Freeman, Philander C. 428 Leland, Charles 446 Puller, Samuel W. . 428 Leland, Thomas 447 Gardiner, Col. Alexander 429 Lewis, George G. 447 Gates, James M. 429 Livingston, Jonas 449 Gilmore, Hiram 429 Locke, Francis . 449 Leonard 429 Long, Charles H. 449 Glidden, Charles E. . 431 Lovell, Michael 450 Gen. Erastus 430 Levering, Leonard A. 451 Goddard, Edward L. . 431 Marden, Albert L. 461 Goss, Joel . 432 Maynard, Frank P. 452 Nathaniel 432 McClure, Milon C. . 451 Grannis, Solon C. 433 Metcalf, Gov. Ralph . 452 Timothy 432 Moody, William H. H. 453 Timothy, Jr. 432 Noyes, Chase 454 Graves, Dr. Leland J. 433 Parker, Hosea W. 455 Handerson, Gideon . 434 Patten, Henry . *457 Phinehas 434 Ralston, Alexander . 457 Kufus 435 Rand, Samuel S. Hi5& Hart, lohabod . 435 Richards, Dr. Josiah 458 Hitchcock, Ichabod . 436 Rossiter, Sherman 459 Holt, Hermon 436 Pomeroy M. 460 Dr. James P. 436 Stephen F. . 461 Holton, Asa 437 Timothy B. 461 Howe, Rev. James B. 437 William » . 460 Hubbard, Isaac . 438 Sabine, Dr. Silas H. . 461 Rev. Dr. Isaac G r. . 438 Sankee, Simeon 462 Ide, Simeon 439 Smith, Rev. Henry S. 462 Jarvis, Dr. Leonard . 441 Dr. Nathan .' 463 Dr. Leonard, 2d 442 Snow, Alpheus F. 464 Russell . 441 Stevens, Alvah . 466 Col. Russell . 441 Godfrey 465 Dr. Samuel G. 442 Col. Josiah . 464 Jewett, Frederick 443 Dea. Josiah . 465 John 443 Linus . 468 John W. 444 Paran . 466 Marcus L. 443 Stone, Dea. Matthias . 468 Johnson, Daniel W. . 444 Stowell, George H. 469 Miles . 444 Swett, Josiah 470 Parmer 445 Rev. Josiah 471 Kimball, John . 445 Josiah, Jr. 470 Kingsbury, Sanford . 446 Dr. John L. . 470 INDEX OF BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. Sumner, Col. Benjamin 471 Upham, James P. 485 Dr. William 471 Samuel R. . 486 Tappan, John W. 471 Vaughan, Edwin 299 Taylor, Capt. Joseph 472 Waite, Col. Joseph . 486 Tenney, Amos J. 473 Otis F. R. 490 Edward J. . 473 Walker, Horace Eaton 493 George A. . 474 John S. 490 Ticknor, George 474 Warland, John H. . 493 Thomas, John . 475 Warner, Thomas 494 Tolles, Db. Clarence W. . 476 Way, Dr. Osmon B. . 495 Dr. Nathaniel 476 Weber, Joseph . 495 Tutherly, Herbert E. 477 Whitcomb, Dea. Jonathan 496 William E. 476 Whipple, John M. 495 Tyler, Austin 479 Wilkinson, Dr. Frederick C. 496 Col. Benjamin 477 Williamson, Alonzo B. 499 John 479 Wilson, Josiah . 497 ,-/ John, 2d 479 Nahum 498 Upham, George B. . 480 Woolson, Charles J. 499 ^.: Jabez . 483 Constance Fenimore 600 Dr. J. Baxter 484 Thomas . 498 ILLUSTRATIOxNS. Maps — Soldiers' Monument 175 Town of Claremont 9 Highland View, W. H. H. Moody 177 Claremont Post-office 71 The Capt. John Cooke farmhouse 180 Claremont Village . 167 Shoe shop dam 191 Monadnock mills . 195 Views of — Sugar River paper mill 197 Village, from Flat rock . 29 Sullivan Machinery Co.'s works 201 John Tyler house, W. Claremont 41 Sullivan mills, Geo. L. Balcom 203 Hira R. Beckwith's residence 71 Maynard & Washburn shoe fac- The Bill Barnes homestead . 73 tory 206 East side of Tremont square . 73 Stone watering trough . 223 Upper iron bridge . 75 George N. Farwell's residence 227 George H. Stowell's residence 77 Hosea W. Parker's residence 273 Dr. Osmon B. Way's residence 78 Union block .... 329 Congregational church . 81 Heywood's and Rand's blocks 331 Union church. West Claremont 95 Hunton's block 331 Interior of Union church 99 Hotel Claremont block . 333 Trinity church 105 Tremont House, in 1870 337 Baptist church 110 Claremont National bank 847 Methodist church . 114 Sullivan Railroad high bridge 351 Universalist church 125 Town House, in 1850 353 From High street, in 1846 127 Cottage Hospital . 355 St. Mary's church . 129 Lower village and bridge 356 Stevens High School 136 Upper dam, and Green Moun- Sugar river at high water 141 tains .... 369 Fiske Free Library 147 Coaching party 375 Cupola farm , Pomeroy M. Ros 3iter 171 Central street .... 379 Broad street . 174 Frank P. Maynard's residence 427 Portrait of William H. H. Allen 391 Porti-ait of George L. Balcom . 393 Geo. W. Balloch . 399 Charles M. Bingham 401 William Breok 403 Oscar J. Brown 375 Bela Chapin . 407 Bishop Carlton Chase 109 William Clark 409 Ira Colby 411 Ambrose Cossit 413 John T. Emerson . 423 Harry C. Fay . 153 George N. Farwell . 425 John L. Fai-well 347 Samuel P. Fiske 149 Philander C. Freeman 429 Erastus Glidden 431 Isaac Hubbard 178 Rev. Isaac G. Hubbard 97 Rev. James B. Howe 437 Simeon Ide 199 Dr. Leonard Jarvis ^ Dr. Samuel G. Jarvis 441 443 Daniel W. Johnson 195 Rev. Robt. F. Lawrence 91 Francis Locke . . 449 Charles H. Long . 279 Frank P. Maynard . 205 William H. H. Moody 176 Hosea W. Parker . 455 Dr. Josiah Richards 459 Pomeroy M. Rossiter 172 George H. Stowell . 469 Rev. Henry S. Smith 105 Paran Stevens . 135 Dr. Clarence W. Tolles 477 Dr. Nathaniel Tolles 475 Edward J. Tenney . 473 John Tyler, 1st . 479 John Tyler, 2d . 197 George B. Upham . 481 Dr. J. Baxter Upham 173 James P. Upham . 196 Edwin Vaughan . 297 Otis F. R. Waite, Fr'ntisp'ce John S. Walker . 491 Dr. Osmon B. Way . 494 Joseph Weber . . 155 EARLY HISTORY. *l\ChJ'rcp Q ~CXJua ~pi' •V\ CM luacv J ii> f * ?»" 7-ri //'J. J- LOOK.- iV ^^^ATl ,Jr nan.- , I,, riT/// V.^_J' // ■A.T.7fS»3£:^^. ) \ P-T^td.^^ l( 1 /LffKGrojinis XGaffnef y»GJfjrewLtt Ar Thomas^, \ O'fic'.ffrO'yF.sU II. j-^s^' \lCurleUn*\ \ jlC, jtaqe, itcctt \ $f:j£rS5£t^/(^^!-.\\ ^^■tf'^.U'W™**"^-^ FLA I MS ■ ( \ //l}0^'i O J,Zo\ ^i<..!^ 11^ o^mWaj-t- f*SASaJ>tne ( S.i$i • SA.Sn.hvnC- 'rsXJi I'JjfA/ier ImABStcne. '' ZTvt .;^'j SJCJl bth. ^_^ — *lIiD. TnlSTJ^^^^^i^ :W w. .9' sjvt: 'EGreeUy bashjl ^rW.Thllf'rook- \OTul. -ind-Esl ADeMti^ ZTcwM 'iHuitemjoTe.f "■' ,p*:>'\^ i^ =-< Vhiie.more, \ 'n.}fXo s^^ ~^~ UlrsEAlleri' '^^J^<^^irroW CHARE 'W N %BfllCKyARO w- TOWN O F ^jAZovejoy T Y ..J /jnile LARi^ivio:r^T SULL/VA/V, CO. N. H. A.HMUS/.lSR, LirH.PH/i. ADA , HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. CHAPTER I GRANT OP THE TOWN. — DIVISION INTO SHARES. By the proprietors' book of records it appears that on October 26, A. D. 1764, a fownship six miles square, containing twenty-four thousand acres, and named Claremont, was granted to Josiah Wil- lard, Samuel Ashley, and sixty-eight others. The name of the town was derived from the county seat of Lord Clive, a celebrated English general, who was styled the founder of the British Empire in India. The following is a verbatim copy of the charter : Pkovince or New Hampshire. George the Third, by the Grace of God of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c. To all persons to whom these Presents shall come greeting, know ye that we of our Especial Grace certain knowledge and mere Motion for the Due En- couragement of Settling a New Plantation within our s'd Province, by and with the Advice of our Trusty and well Beloved Benning Wentworth, Esqr., our Governor and Commander-in-chief of s'd Province of New Hampshire, in New England, and of our Council of the s'd Province, have, upon the Conditions and Reservations hereinafter made, given and Granted, and by these presents, for us, our heirs and Successors, Do give and grant in Equal Shares unto our lovino" subjects. Inhabitants of s'd Province of New Hampshire and our other Govern- ment, and to their Heirs and Assigns forever whose names are entered in this Grant, to be divided to and amongst them into 75 Etjual Shares, all the Tract or Parcel of Land Situate, Lying and Being within our^s'd Province of New Hamp- shire, containing by admeasurement, 24,000 acres, which Tract is to Contain 10 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. about Six Miles square and no More, out of which an allowance is to Be made for highways and unimproved Lands, by Rocks, Ponds, Mountains and Rivers, 1040 acres, free, according to a Plan and Survey thereof made by our said Gov- ernor's order and returned into ye Secretary's oifice, and hereunto Annexed, Butted and Bounded as Follows (viz.) : Beginning s.t a marked Tree Standing on the Easterly Bank of Connecticut River, which is in the Northwesterly corner bounds of Charlestown ; from thence running South 78° Easterly about 6 miles, and one-half mile to the Southwesterly angle of Newport; from thence Turning off and running North 8° Easterly about 5 miles, and seven-eighths of a mile by Newport, aforesaid, to the Southwesterly angle of Cornish ; thence turning off again and running North 77° Westerly about 6 miles, by Cornish, aforesaid, to Connecticut River, aforesaid; thence Down the said River, as that runs, to the Bound Begun at, together with the Islands lying in the Said River opposite to the Premises, and that the same be and hereby is Incorporated into the Town- ship by ye name of Claremoxt, and the Inhabitants that Do or shall henceforth Inhabit the said Township are hereby Declared to be Enfranchised with and Entitled To, all and Every, the Privileges and Immunities that other Towns within our Province by Law Exercise and Enjoy, and Further, that the s'd Town, as soon as there shall Be fifty Families Resident and settled thereon, shall have the Liberty of holding two Fairs, one of which shall be on the and the other in the , annually, which Fairs ai'e not to be continued longer than the . Following the said, and that, as soon as the said Town shall con- sist of Fifty Families, a market May be opened and kept one or more Days in Each Week, as may be thought most advantageous to the Inhabitants ; also, that the First meeting for the choice of Town Oflicers, agreeable to the Law of our said Province, shall be held on ye Second Tuesday of March Next, which s'd Meeting shall be Notified by Samuel Ashley, who is hereby appointed the Moderator of s'd first Meeting, which he is to Notify and Govern agreeably to Law and Customs of our s'd Province, and that the annual Meeting forever here- after for the Choice of such ofiioers for the said Town shall be on the Second Tuesday of March, annually. To Have and To Hold the s'd Tract of land as above Expressed, together with all the Privileges and Appurtenances to them, and their Representative Heirs and Assigns forever, upon the foUowino- conditions (viz.) : Istly. That every grantee, his heirs or assigns, shall plant and cultivate Five acres of Land within the Term of Five years for eveiy fifty acres contained in his or their share or proportion of Land in said Township, and Continue to Improve and Settle the Same By additional Cultivations, Penalty of the For- feiture of his grant or Share of Land in said Township, and of its Revertino- to us, our heirs and Successors, to be by us or them Regranted to such of our Subjects as shall Effectually Settle and Cultivate the same. 2dly. That all white and other pine Trees within ye s'd Township fit for Masting our Royal Navy be Carefully Preserved for that use, and none to be HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 11 Cut or Felled without our Special License for so doing first had and obtained, upon the Penalty of the Forfeiture of the Rights of such grantee, his heirs and assigns, to us, our heirs and successors, as well as being subject to the Penalty of any act or acts of Parliament that now and hereafter shall be Enacted. 3dly. That before any Division of s'd Land be made to and among the Grantees, a Tract of Land, as near the Centre of ye s'd Township as the Land will admit of, shall be Reserved and marked out for Town Lots, one of which shall (be) allotted to each Grantee of the Contents of one acre. 4thly. Yielding and paying, therefor, to us, our heirs and successors for the Space of Ten Years, to be Computed from the Date hereof, the rent of one ear of Indian Corn only, on the Twenty-fifth day of December, annually, if Law- fully Demanded, the First payment to be made on ye 26th Day of December, 1764. othly. Every Proprietor, Settler or Inhabitant Shall Yield and pay unto us, our heirs and successors, yearly and every year forever, from and after the ex- piration of Ten Years from the above s'd 25th Day of December, namely, on the 25th Day of December, which will be in the Year of our Lord 1774, one Shilling Proclamation Money for every hundred acres he so owns, settles or Possesses, and so in proportion for a greater or lesser Tract of ye s'd Land, which money shall be Paid by the Representative Persons above s'd, their heirs or assigns, in our Council Chamber at Portsmouth, or to such officer or officers as shall be appointed to Receive the same, and this is to be in Lieu of all other rents and services whatsoever. In Testimony whereof, we have caused the Seal of our s'd Province to be hereunto affixed. Witness Benning Wentworth, Esq., our Governor and Commander-in-Chief of our said Province, the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord Christ 1764. (Signed), B. Wentworth. By his Excellency's command, With advice of Council, T. Atkinson, Jdn'r, Sed'y. NAMES OF THE GRANTEES. Josiah Willard Esq'r Jno Scott Sam'l Field Sam'el Ashley Wm. Richardson Hen'y Bond Jere'h Hall Jno Peirce Sim'n Chamberlain Josiah Willard Jun'r Tho's Lee Elijah Alexander Tho's Frink Esq'r Stephen Putnam Eben'r Dodge Jno. Ellis Timothy Taylor Jno. Cass Samson Willard Benj'a Freeman Joshua Hide 12 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. Abra'm Scott Hen'y Foster Solomon Willard Jon'a Hammond Wm Heaton Prentice Willard Jo's Hammond Wm. Grimes Jon'a Willard Sam'el Ashley Jr James Scott Sam'el Scott Ol'r Ashley Abijah Willard Micah Lawrence Abel Lawrence Ol'r Fairwell Jno Searles Ol'r Fairwell, Jun'r Ephr'm Adams Phineas Wait Lem'l Hedge Clem't Sumner Abel Willard Michael Medcalf Eph'm Dorman Jos. Lord Wm Willard Jeremiah Powers Jno. Armes David Field Jno. Hawks Nath'l Heaton Gideon Ellis Jos. Ellis Jno. Grimes Jos. Cass Samuel Wells Jno Hunt Wm Smeed Col. Jno Goffe Esq'r Dan'l Jones Esq'r Hon'le Jno Temple Esq'r Mark H. Wentworth Esq'r Theodore Atkinson Jun"r Col. William Symes Simon Davis The'r Atkinson Esq'r The Governor's reservation, which he invariably made in his grants, and also reservations of lands for other purposes, as appears by the records, v^ere as follows : His Excellency, Benning Wentworth, Esq., a Tract of Land to contain 600 Acres, as marked B. W. in the Plan, and also a small Island lying in the River, opposite s'd 500 acres, which are to be accounted two of the within Shares ; one which shares for the Incorporated Society for the propagation of the Gospel in foreign parts ; one whole share for a Glebe for ye Church of England, as by law established; one whole share for ye first settled (minister) of the Gospel, and one share for the Benefit of a school forever, in said Town forever. Governor "Wentworth's share was located in the southwesterly corner of the town, and included what has long been known as the Isaac Hubbard farm. Lieutenant George Hubbard acquired this right and was one of the early settlers of the town. At his death, which occurred April 16, 1818, he was succeeded by his son, Isaac Hubbard, Esq. The farm is now owned and occupied by Isaac H. Long, a grandson of Isaac Hubbard, Esq., and the widow and children of the late Rev. Isaac G. Hubbard, D. D.,who was a son of Isaac Hubbard. The island in Connecticut river, known as Hubbard's Island, was included in the Governor's share. A por- tion of the school lands are situated on the east side of Broad street, beginning at Sugar river and extending southerly to and in- HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 13 eluding the residence of the Eev. Charles S. Hale. Of the land reserved " for the society for the propagation of the Gospel in foreign parts," one hundred acres lie in the north part of the town, and are owned by the heirs of the late Solon C. Grannis, and others. About one hundred acres of the glebe land are located on the northerly side of what is called the new road from Claremont to Newport, about three miles from Claremont village, now owned by the Monadnock Mills corporation. Another portion lies near Union church, West Claremont. The first meeting of the proprietors of Claremont, as appears by the records, was held at " ye house of Lieutenant Hilkiah Grout, inn-holder, in "Winchester, on Monday, ye second day of February, A. D. 1767." An organization was formed as provided by the charter. The first act is recorded as follows : Voted, Istly, and chose Lieut. Samuel Ashley Moderator for this meeting. 2d, Voted, and chose Colonel Josiah Willard Proprietors' clerk. They then laid out the Governor's two shares : Beginning at ye southwest corner of ye Town, on the bank of ye river, run- ning East 12 deg. south on ye line between Claremont and Charlestown, 360 rods, to a pillow of stones; then runs West 12 degrees North, 260 rods to ye river, and then runs down ye river as that runs to where it begins, including the Island in said river oppposite ye two shares aforesaid. It was afterwards ascertained that the tract thus laid out did not contain the required quantity of five hundred acres, and an addi- tion was accordingly made of a triangular piece of land on the easterly side of the lot first set oS. Next were the shares of " ye honorable council," when it was Voted and agreed to set off ye share of Col. William Symes as follows : Beginning at Governor Wentworth's southeast corner, and running east 12 deg. south to the southeast corner of the towp, then running north on ye town line thirty rods to a pillow of stones. Then running west 12 deg. north to the east line of the Governor's share ; then running uorth 12 deg. west 30 rods to where it began. Voted and agreed that ye share of Jno. Goff, Esq., be set off as follows : beginning at ye northwest corner of ye share set off to Colonel William Symes, and running east 12 deg. south on Colonel Symes line to the east line of the town ; then runs west 12 deg. north to the east line of Gov. Wentworth's shares ; then runs south 12 deg. west to where it began. 14 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Voted and agreed that ye share of Theodore Atkinson, Jr., shall be set off as follows. Beginning at ye Northwest corner of s'd Goffe's share runs East 12° South on s'd GoflFe's line to ye East Line of Town, then runs Northerly on the East Line of the Town 30 rods to a pillow of Stones then runs West 12° North to the Line of Governor Wentworth's Shares then runs South 12° "West to where it began. Voted and agreed that ye Share of Mark Hunking Wentworth be set off as follows Viz. Beginning at the Northwest corner of s'd Atkinson's Share & run- ning East 12° South on s'd Atkinson's line to the East Line of ye town and then running Northerly on ye East Line of ye Town 30 rods to a Pillow of Stones, then running west 12° North to ye East Line of Governor Wentworth's Share then runs South 12° West 30 rods to where it began. Voted and agreed that ye Share of Jno. Temple Esq. be set off in the fol- lowing manner Viz. Beginning at ye Northwest Corner of s'd Mark H. Went- worth's Share & running East 12° South on s'd Wentworth's Line to the Line of ye Town, then running Northerly on East Line of ye Town 30 rods to a Pillow of Stones then running West 12° North to ye East Line of Governor Wentworth's share then running South 12° West 30 rods to where it began. Voted and agreed that shares of Lemuel Hedge, Micah Lawrence, John Hunt, Simon Chamberlain, Joshua Hide, Wm. Willard, Joseph Lord Jr., Thomas Erink, Jno Hawks, David Field, Samuel Field, Samuel Ashley, Samuel Ashley Jr., & Ol'r. Ashley be set off in the following manner, Viz. Beginning at a Pillow of Stones on the Bank of Connecticut River Being ye Northwest corner of Governor Wentworth's two shares East 12° South in ye Governor's Line 260 rods to a pillow of Stones then running South 12° West 50 rods to a pillow of Stones then ruiming East 12° South on ye share sett off to John Temple Esq. to ye East line of the Town then running northerly on ye town Line 400 rods to a Pillow of stones then running west 12° North to Connecticut River then Down ye river as that runs to where it began including an (Island) against Hubbard's meadow so called. They next appointed William Parker of Portsmouth, Samuel Livermore of Londonderry, Josiah Willard of Winchester, " all of ye Province of ISTew Hampshire Esq'rs. and Samuel Ashley of Winchester in s'd Province agents and Attorneys for ye Proprietors in all suits and Controversies moved or to be moved for or against s'd Proprietors & in their behalf to appear, plead and pursue to final judgment & Execution v?ith full power of Substitution & power to Compound and settle such actions and controversies wherein s'd Proprietors are or shall be concerned, the s'd Pro- prietors hereby ratifying confirming and holding valid whatever s'd HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 15 Agents & Attorneys or any two of them shall Legally do or cause to be done in or about the Premises." At a meeting of the proprietors at the house of Colonel Josiah "Willard, in Winchester, on the eighteenth of February, 1767, Captain Enos Atwater, Captain Benjamin Brooks, Colonel Josiah Willard, Jotham Hitchcock, and Asa Leet, were appointed a committee to "lott out ye remaining part of said Town in such manner as they shall judge most proper and Return a Plan thereof to the Pro- prietors." It was also " voted and agreed that Benj. Tyler have 2 acres of Land for a Mill yard and Convenience for Building Mills in the most Convenient Place on Sugar River in Claremont with ye priviledge of said Stream on Condition the said Tyler doth Build a Mill or Mills and keep the same in Repair for ye space of Ten Years." The Willard and Ashley line, beginning on the easterly line ot the town, at a distance of five hundred and fifty rods from the southern extremity, extended westerly, parallel with the south line of the town, to Connecticut river. Ashley's claim was limited on the south by the share of John Temple, and on the north by the line just described. It comprised a tract of about four hundred rods in width through the town, from east to west. Willard's claim comprised all that part of the town north of " Willard and Ashley line." Thus it will be seen that with the exception of the shares of the Grovernor and Council, Willard and Ashley were the actual owners of the entire township. After obtaining such liberal grants their next object was to find purchasers. This, it seems was not difficult, as settlements were made quite rapidly after the year 1767. But as late as 1787, Willard was the owner of fifteen shares, equal to forty-eight hundred acres. This is on the supposition that the town was divided into seventy-five equal shares, according to the provisions of the charter. Whether such division was ever made does not appear from any known records. The shares set off to the Council included each three hundred and twenty acres. The method first adopted by the proprietors in laying out the township into lots was to set off fifty acres of meadow for tillage, the same quantity of upland for pasturage, and three acres for house lots. They then proceeded to draw by lot — taking care to have 16 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Several more lots of each kind than there were persons to draw — so that if any were dissatisfied with the result they might relinquish those assigned by the drawing, and select from those remaining. The first meeting for the selection of lots was at "Winchester, on April 14, 1767. The committee appointed at the former meeting having discharged the duties imposed upon them acceptably were " desired by a vote to lay out ye Gleab for ye church of England and ye school in some convenient place ye whole Right together." This was accordingly done, and the whole were located at the west part of the town. Exchanges were afterwards made so that the glebe lands and school lands were situated in various parts of the town. A tract was also set off for a fair and market ground. This is believed to have included the cemetery and grounds about Union church, at the west part of the town. At the meeting of the proprietors at Winchester, on the four- teenth day of April, 1767, it was " Voted to Except the Plan of ye 51 house Lotts Laid out in s'd Town & also ye Plan of ye 51 meadow Lotts, and also proceeded to draw the Same." "Voted that ye Committee be Desired to lay out ye Glebe the Church of England & ye school in some Convenient place ye whole right together." "Voted that there be 75 acres Laid on ye hill South of house Lot No. 44 for Town Lotts or that place be Reserved for that Use." At a meeting of the proprietors at the house of Thomas Jones, innholder, in Claremont, on the twentieth day of April, 1768, "Voted to Except ye plan as Returned & Signed by the Committee & to proceed to draw ye second division Both of upland and ■meadow lots as they are laid out." " Voted as there is 8 50 acre Lotts of upland laid out more than one Lot to Each proprietor that jf any Person shall be Dissatisfied with his Lott he may have Lib- erty to thi'ow up his Lott & Take one of the Eight Lots already Laid out by applying to the Committee & they giving him a cer- tificate to ye Clerk any Time within 6 months from the date hereof." The drawings according to the proprietors' records, were as follows : HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 17 PROPRIETORS' NAMES. Josiah Willard Jeremiah Hall Josiah Willard, Jun'r Jno Ellis Samson Willard Abraham Scott Henry Foster Solomon Willard Jon'a Hammond .... Wm Heaton Jos. Hammond Prentice Willard. . . . Wm Grimes Jon'a Willard James Scott Samuel Scott Minister Abijah Willard Abel Lawrence Clement Sumner .... Abel Willard Michael Medcalf.... Ephraim Dorman .... Jeremiah Powers . . . Simon Davis Jno Ames Henry Bond Elijah Alexander . Eben'r Dodgu Jno Cass Nath'l Heaton Gid'n Ellis Jno Grimes Jos Cass Jno Scott Wm Richardson Jno Peirce Tho's Lee. Stephen Putnam Timo Taylor Benjamin Freeman . . Ol'rFairwell Jno Series Ol'r Fairwell Jun'r. . Ephraim Adams Jos Ellis Phin's Waite Samuel Wells 46 42 14 36 31 29 44 26 10 18 17 60 23 34 51 3 43 15 39 1 19 47 16 48 13 24 4 38 7 9 6 22 5 41 40 28 33 49 32 45 21 11 37 35 30 22 8 27 02 24 26 26 10 45 16 3 34 2 22 28 39 35 8 60 49 43 15 40 41 18 21 38 30 47 14 44 5 27 9 46 7 31 6 29 37 17 1 19 12 23 51 33 4 46 13 48 lis 46 38 64 11 19 21 13 17 18 67 14 41 37 30 31 16 48 29 28 50 34 1 16 27 66 5 49 7 12 63 32 2 4 55 36 68 20 3 22 33 '41 61 62 4 61 2 10 39 14 16 10 11 42 24 12 8 48 46 63 37 2 64 40 29 41 51 32 50 4 5 3 6 34 25 13 22 30 17 39 47 33 23 35 7 52 S8 16 44 9 49 36 26 28 47 19 1 18 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. PROPEIETOES' NAMES. Wm Smeed Theodore Atkinson Daniel Jones Glebe School Propagation of ye Gospel go 25 12 2 52 53 54 < > 11 36 32 52 53 54 59 26 36 8 6 60 18 27 43 20 45 21 MEETING OP THE PROPRIETORS. At a meeting of the proprietors at the house of Thomas Jones iu Claremont, on the nineteenth of August, 1769, it was Voted to Lay a Third Division of upland Containing one Hundred acres in Each Lott in the best Lands and in the best manner they can. Voted to Lay out said Hundred acre Lotts by Draught, and Jeremiah Spencer, Benjamin Sumner and Asa Jones were chosen a committee to lay out the lots ; and they were empowered to rectify any mistakes in the former layings, both in lots and high- ways. At a meeting on the fifth of April, 1770, Voted and chose Jacob Rice to supplj- the place of the Late Jeremiah Spencer, Deceased. Voted that if the Committee for the Laying out the third Division of upland in said Town do not complete the survey by the first Day of No- vember next that then there office shall seece and others chosen in their Room. At a meeting on the twelfth of December, 1770, at the house of Benj. Sumner, Voted to Except the Plan and Survey Returned by the Committee (viz) Ben- jamin Sumner, Asa Jones and Jacob Rice in Laying out the Hundred acre Division containing 105 acres Each Lott to Each Proprietor that hath a Wright North of Col. Ashley's Line in said Town in the year 1770 ; and further Voted to Dravr ye Lotts to Each Proprietor. Voted that the_50 acre Lott of Second Di- vision Number 36 be Recorded to the Schools. Voted that 50 acre Lott of the Second Division Number 89 be Record to the Propigation of the Gospel in forron Parts. Voted to Proceed and Draw the Hundred acre Lotts, and they were drawn as follows : HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 19 FHOPKIETOES' NAMES. Josiah Willard Esq'r Jeremiah Hall Josiah Willard Jn'r. John Ellis Sampson Willard . . . Abraham Scott Henry Foster Solomon Willard . . . Jonathan Hammon. . William Heaton .... Abill Willard Mieah Medcalf Ephereum Dorman.. Jerathmiel Powers. . Simon Davis John Armes Henry Bond Elijah Alexander . . . Ebenezer Dodge. . . . John Cass Nathaniel Heaton . . . Gideon Ellis Joseph Ellis John Grimes Joseph Cass John Scott William Ritchardson Div. 105 52 10 12 31 41 4 20 33 .51 28 8 5 34 18 50 23 42 22 29 1 47 43 27 44 46 13 7 PROPEIETORS' NAMES. Joseph Hammon Prentis Willard William Grimes Jonathan Willard James Scott Samuel Scott First Settled Minister Abijah Willard Abil Larrence Clement Sumner John Pirce Thomas Lee Stephan Putnam Timothy Taylor Benjamin Freeman , Oliver Farrwell John Series Oliver Farwell Jun'r Epherium Addams , Phenihas Wait Samuel Wells William Smeed Theo'd Atkinson Daniel Jones , Gleebforye Ch'h Schools Propegation of the Gospel Div. 105 30 3 19 17 39 64 37 2 24 9 6 48 32 11 35 49 21 53 36 40 15 26 45 25 14 16 38 This meeting is Dissolved Test Josiah Willard B Sumner Pr Clerk. Moderator. The first meeting of the proprietors was not held in strict accordance as to time with the provisions of the charter, which provided that The First meeting for the choice of Town officers agreeably to the laws of our s'd Province shall be held on ye Second Tuesday of March next (1765) which s'd meeting shall be Notified by Samuel Ashley who is hereby appointed Moderator of s'd first meeting. According to the record the first meeting of the proprietors was held on the second of February, 1767 — nearly two years later 20 HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. than the time fixed by the royal grant. To a great extent the interests of the proprietors and those of Governor Benning Went- worth were identical and sustained bj' the same authority. Appar- ently Messrs. "Willard and Ashley were in favor with the Governor and had only to ask to have any indulgence in his power granted to them. Hence respecting their acquisition of Claremont, they felt at liberty to act when and in such manner as their interests might suggest. They were in no haste for the settlement of the town, seeming to regard it as a valuable acquisition, on account of its agricultural and manufacturing advantages. They therefore de- termined to be governed in their proceedings by the degree of earnestness manifested by those who sought to purchase. Another object was to induce such persons to settle the town as would be sure to be loyal and faithful to the crown. While the proprietors were waiting to secure these advantages, there was danger from another source, which it was necessary to check without delay. " Squatter Sovereignty" had planted itself upon their territory and was rapidly gaining strength there ; and having once secured a foothold, it would not be easily eradicated. Further delay they saw would therefore be injurious to their in- terests, and accordingly, as before stated, in 1767 they took active measures for the settlement of the town by virtue of their incor- porated rights. The grantees found a few squatters upon their grant, among them Moses Spatford and David Lynde. The proprietors proposed to such as had built cabins and made improvements, to give to each a deed of sixty acres of land, to be located by the proprietors. These propositions were gladly accepted. Moses Spafford's sixty acres were located south of Ashley Ferry, said to have been a part of the farm owned by the late Charles Leland. David Lynde's sixty acres were located at the foot of Green Mountain, near the farm of the late Tracy Cowles. On the twenty-second of April, 1784, Josiah Willard, owner of fifteen shares of the town of Claremont, petitioned Benjamin Sumner, clerk of the proprietors, to call a meeting of the pro- prietors, to act on the subjects set forth in the petition. The fol- HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 21 lowing is a verbatim copy of the record of the doings of the meet- ing, as found in the proprietors' book of records : Att a Legal meeting of the Proprietors of the Town of Claremont Holden at the House of Mr John Spencer in s'd Claremont on the 26th day of May 1784. First Voted and choos L'tt Asa Jones Moderator of s'd Meeting. 2dly Voted and choos Cap't Benjamin Sumner, Colo. Samuel Ashley Mr Prentis Willard L'tt Asa Jones and Mr Ambrous Cossit a Committee to pre- ambelate the Lines of the Town. 3dly Voted to Subdivide the undivided Land in s'd Town Equally in acres amongst s'd Propt's and appointed Capt Benjamin Sumner Ltt Asa Jones and Deack Jacob Boys for that Purpos a Committe 4thly Voted the Two Shares belonging to the Late Gov'r Benning Wentworth Colo William Symes John Gofif Esq'r Theo Atkins Jun'r Esqr Mark H. Went- worth Esqr and John Temple Esqr Lemrel Hedge Micha Larrance John Hunt Simon Chamberlin Joshua Hide William Willard Joseph Lord Jnr Thomas Frink John Hawks David Field Sam'll Field Sam'll Ashley Sam'll Ashley Junior and Ol'r Ashley is Not entitled to, Nor Shall have any one acre House Lot Layd out to them North of Colo Sam'll Ashleys Line, so called in s'd Town, those Shares having had their full Cotas of Land Laid out to them here to fore in one Tract othly Voted Two acres Three Quarters and Ten Rods of Land be Laid out Eighteen Rods East and west and Twentyfive Rods 7 L's North and South and Recorded for a Burying Yard for the use and Benefit of the Town to Bury their Dead in and to be Alienated to No Other use whatever, Lying and Butting North on Mr Ebenezer Rice House Lot and west on the Chui-ch Gleeb 6thly Voted to lay out house acres for the use and Benefit of the Apescopol Church ; Commonly called the Church of England for a church yard Including the ground on which the Church Now Stands, said Land Butting North on Mr Ebn'r Rice and West on the Burying ground Beforementioned ; Lying in a Squair Forme 7thly Voted to Lay out and Record for the use and Benefit of Building a meeting House and Trayning field four acres in a squair forme Lying East and adjoining the Gleeb and South and adjoining the Burying ground and Church vard, provided that the Town shall set a meting House on the same Lands within the Terme of Twelve years from this Date if Not Built by s d Town with in the Terme of Twelve years from this Date as above sd then to Revert back to the Promoters Aforesd 8thly Voted to Adjourn this meting to Tuesday the 17th Day of August Next at one of the clock P. M. then to meet at this place Test Asa Jones, Moderator 22 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. At a meeting of the proprietors on the nineteenth of May, 1789, at the house of Capt. Benjamin Sumner, it was voted to Discontinue the agency of Wm Parker, Sam'll Livermore, Josiah Willard and Sam'll Ashley, Esqr and in their Room and Sted choose Capt Benj'n Sumner Mr Ambrous Cossit and Mr David Dodge with as full power of attorney as the former Committee or Agents had, being full athority to act for s'd Proprietors in all Causes Moved or to be moved against them with full power of substitution they or any two of them and prosecute in their Name and act to final judgement and execution. Voted to Discontinue the Roads Left in the common medows for the proprietors to Pass and Repass on from the Lottery Bridge over Sugar River all along on the North Banks of said River to the Banks of Connecticut River and Likewise to Discontinue the gate Standing at the North End of medow Lot Number 31 and No. 32 and Likewise to Discontinue the passways on Roads Between No. 31 and No. 32 and connect the same to the Proprietors Lands adjoining and voted to Discontinue the Roads or passway from said Bridge all along on the South Banks of Sugar River to the mouth there of and Likewise the Roads Between the full tier of medow Lots to the South side of Medow Lot No. 13 Running from. Sugar River Southward and connect the same to the Proprietors use oning the Land adjoining and to open in sted of the last mentioned Rode to the use of s'd Proptrs a Road from the East End of Medow Lot No 51 to the South side of No 23 and on as the Rode Now Travelled to the 13th Lot Con- tinuing the Roads open for the Proprietors use to the first Lot as they are now Used and frequented. At a meeting of the proprietors December 7, 1789, it was voted to lay out a road of four rods wide to their use Beginning at a stake and stones on the division line east of Doc'r Abner Meiggs house between the second and third division of fifty acre lots east 20° South to the dividing line of lots No. 14 and 15, then to run northward to intersect the division line between the two tier of lots then to continue on the s'd division line eastward to Newport about seven hundred rods. Voted to accept of the plan and survey of the third division of fifty acre lots according as they are bounded and numbered agreable to the plan returned by the Committee. Voted to accept of the one acre lotts so called house lots according to plan thereof returned by the Committee. Voted to draw the 2 divisions. HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. A DRAUGHT OF THE THIRD FIFTY ACRE DIVISION. 23 Josiah Willard Esqr. . Jeremiah Hall Josiah Willard Junior John Ellis Sampson Willard .... Abraham Scott Henry Foster Solomon Willard Jonathan Hammond. . Prentis Willard William Heaton Joseph Hammond William Grimes Jonathan Willard. . . . James Scott Ministers Lett.. . . . . . . Samuel Scott Abijah Willard Abel Lawrence Clement Sumner Abel Willard Joseph Ellis John Series Oliver Fairwell Jun'r. Epherum Addams... Phenihas Adams Samuel Wells No. 47 50 29 52 10 43 35 2 7 9 34 13 16 18 28 44 49 8 22 25 46 37 12 31 19 54 3 Michael Medcalfe. . . . Epherium Dorman. . . . Jerathmiel Powers . . . Simon Davis John Arm es Henry Bond Abijah Alexander Ebenezer Dodge John Cass Nathaniel Heaton Gideon Ellis John Grimes Joseph Cass John Scott William Richardson. . John Peirce Thomas Lee Stephen Putnam Timothy Taylor Benjamin Freeman . . . Oliver Fairwell William Smeed Theo'd Atkinson Esqr Daniel Jones Esqr. . . . Gleeb School Gospel No. 41 38 48 33 63 40 1 21 26 23 37 24 11 42 45 36 SO 27 20 61 39 5 15 32 4 14 6 A DRAUGHT OF THE ONE ACRE LOTTS. Josiah Willard Esqr. . Jeremiah Hall.j Josiah Willard Junior- John Ellis Sampson Willard Abraham Scott Henry Foster Solomon Willard William Heaton Jonathan Hammond . . Joseph Hammond 26 51 33 28 14 39 41 10 15 40 22 Jonathan Willard . . James Scott Minister Lott Samuel Scott Abijah Willard Abel Lawrance .... Clement Sumner . . Abel]Willard Michael Medcalfe . Ephrium Dorman.. Jerathmiel Powers No. 21 9 2 25 12 34 20 32 38 1 29 24 HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. A DRAUGHT OF THE ONE ACRE LOTTS. ContinUCcl. No. Prentis Willard William Grimes... Henry Bond Elijah Alexander. . Ebenezer Dodge. . . John Cass Nathaniel Heaton . . Gideon Ellis Joseph Ellis John Grimes , Joseph Cass John Scott William Richardson John Peirce Thomas Lee , Stephan Putnam. . . 23 27 48 24 43 53 18 52 54 11 16 19 35 •17 4 6 Simeon Davis John Armes Timothy Taylor Benj'a Freeman Oliver Fairwell John Series Oliver Fairwell Jn'r. . Epherium Aduams . . Phenihas Wait Samuel Wells , William Smeed Theo'd Atkinson Esqr Daniel Jones Esqr Gleeb School Gospel Xo. 42 30 31 45 37 47 50 7 46 49 44 13 36 5 3 8 Several of the lots drawn in the third fifty acre division were surrendered to the proprietors, and other lots not drawn were taken in their stead. At a meeting of the proprietors of the common or undivided lands, at the Tremont house in Claremont, on the second of De- cember, 1845, Nathaniel Cowles was chosen moderator, and Solon C. Granuis, proprietors' clerk; Solon C. Grannis and Xathaniel Cowles a committee for "making sales and giving deeds" of lands. It was Voted that the following instruction to the Committee of Sales be adopted. That as David H. Sumner is a large proprietor of the lands, no sales of any part of them (until further ordered ^otherwise) shall be made without his consent in writing the said consent to be put on file and recorded in the record of the Proprietors. Voted and chose Alpheus F. Snow, Nathaniel Cowles and Moody Dnstin, Agents. By consent of Mr. Sumner, the committee conveyed tracts of these lands to James Sperry, Hira Ayer, Ichabod Hitchcock, Leonard Eichardson, Leonard P. Fisher, Curtis Stoddard, Charles HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 25 Cotton, Nathan G. AUds, David H. Sumner, and Daniel J. Liv- ingston. At a meeting March 28, 1857, at the office of Snow & Baker, Solon C. Grannis and Leonard P. Fisher were chosen the committee for making sales. The last meeting of the proprietors that appears on record, was held at the office of A. F. Snow, on the twenty-eighth of October, 1858. David H. Sumner was moderator. By a loose paper, in the handwriting of A. F. Snow, Esq., dated July 16, 1864, found in the proprietors' record book, David H. Sumner consented to the sale, to Daniel J. Livingston, of the westerly half of Lot Number 2, and to himself of Lots Numbers 9 and 10, 8, 15, and 16, and the westerly half of Lot Number 5, and three fourths of an acre adjoining Lot Number 10, called the " Mill Privilege." These sales, it would appear, disposed of the last of the common or undivided lands in Claremont. Solon C. Grannis was the last pro- prietors' clerk chosen and in his possession the records remained until his death, March 7, 1892. CHAPTER n. FIRST SETTLEMENT OF THE TOWN. In 1762 Moses Spafford and David Lynde came to town, selected land and built cabins. They cleared some land and did other things to make for themselves homes. Between that time and 1767 a few others came, built cabins, cleared laud and returned to their homes to pass the winter. Most of these cabins and clearings were in the west part of the town and along Sugar river. In 1767 the proprietors began to take steps to dispose of their shares and held out inducements for people to settle upon their grant. That year several came from Farmington, Hebron, Colchester, and other towns in Connecticut. None of the grantees came that year, and only Samuel Ashley, Samuel Ashley, Jr., and Oliver Ashley of the whole number ever became inhabitants of the town. Samuel Ash- ley did not become a citizen of the town until 1782. The early inhabitants of the town were nearly equally divided in their attach- ment to the Episcopal and Congregational denominations. An Episcopal church was organized in 1771, and a Congregational minister was settled in February, 1772. Some years ago Bela Chapin, a painstaking and careful writer, prepared an interesting sketch of the " Bygone Times in Clare- mont," which was published in the '' National Eagle." His data were gathered mostly from tradition and are as reliable, probably, as the generality of information obtained from that source. He says, Near the middle of the last century a man named Eastman of Killingworth, Conn., a hunter and trapper, came up the Connecticut river as far as this town, and here, by the Sugar river and the various brooks which empty into it, he pur- HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 27 sued his vocation with great success. He extended his excursions into Newport, and having taken a large number of beavers and otters, he carried their dry skins back to Connecticut. He gave there a marvelous account of the region he had visited, and after disposing of his valuable furs he set out again for the same hunting ground. But he was heard from no more. After the first settlers arrived in Newport from Killingworth, Mr. Eastman's bones were found near Mink brook, just east of Kelleyville. It is thought he was killed by Indians, who considered him trespassing upon their hunting grounds. At an early day many of the first settlers made changes in the ownership of their land. Some were afraid of the early autumn frosts on the lowland farms. Some were suspicious that the fertility of the light terrace land farms would not endure, and would some day become like the soil in parts of Connecticut. One Mathews, who had settled in what is now called Puckershire, sold his large farm and bought another uncleared on the high northern slope of Green mountain, "I am going," he said ''where there is land,'''' meaning by his emphasis that he was going where he would have much better laud to till than where he had lived. He lived many years upon the mountain, and there are yet to be seen the ruins of his cellar and barnyard wall and a few old apple trees where he lived so long perhaps in contentment and happiness. The farm where he dwelt upon the mountain is now occupied by Timothy B. Rossiter as a sheep pasture. Two other men also sold their farms and went to live upon the mountain. Another early settler in the west part of the town became discouraged and sold his farm, which was nearly covered with great pine trees, and went where the trees were smaller, because there was so much labor required in burning and clearing away the great pine trees. One of the oldest roads in Claremont was that running north and south over the hills in the western part of the town. This was the highway of travel up and down the river valley. It was through this town on that road that, in 1770, President Wheelock and his family in a large wagon, accompanied by students and attendants, about ninety in all, passed on their way from Connecticut to Hanover, driving before them a drove of hogs. At Hanover they established Moor's Charity School, which in due time became Dartmouth College. Manufacturing in the early days of our history was carried on in all parts of the town. There were many blacksmiths who rcade nails and many kinds of farm- ing tools. There were also shoemakers in abundance, and a few coopers. But every house, especially every farmhouse, was a manufactory. Nearly all wearing apparel was home-made. Woman's lot then was that of great hardship. Carding wool and flax, and spinning and weaving it, was much of her employ- ment. The warping bars, the loom, and the spinning wheels, both for flax and wool, were had in almost every residence. Then carding machines and fulling mills were put in operation, and, as time progressed, facilities increased. At the close of the war of 1812 manufacturing by water power became more exten- sive, and continued to increase as the years passed by, and the business of the 28 HISTORY 01? CLARBMONT. town became still more important. About 1836 there were in Claremont eight stores, one furnace, four fulling mills, one woolen factory, one cotton factory, two paper-mills, eight saw-mills, and two printing offices. In olden times corn, rye, oats, potatoes, pumpkins, and maple sugar were the principal productions of the soil. The raising of corn, oats, wheat, and rye were attended with some uncertainty. Raccoons, bears, and hedgehogs devoured the corn, much of it before it became ripe. Men killed the raccoons and hedgehogs at night by going with sled-stakes where would be the exit of the game, while the boys ran through the cornfields, and, with great noise, drove out the animals for the men to kill as they were about to escape to the woods. Potatoes were raised in abundance. Pumpkins were a sure crop, and many were raised. These last afforded food for both man and beast, and often were eaten in various ways when better food was scarce. Maple sugar was the iirst crop of the year. There were an abundance of maple trees in the different parts of the town, and especially along the hillsides near Sugar river, which from that fact received its name. And it was believed that the time for tapping sugar maples was only after the river had cleared itself of ice in the spi-ing. Many a tired and hungry man, returning to his cabin, would refresh himself with sugar from his abundant store. Claremont was once a region of lofty pines. These were cut down and dis- posed of in various ways. Many were split into rails for fences, and many were sawn into boards or made into shingles and cla23boards, and many were burned and wasted. But the stumps remained in the ground and were likely to almost never rot. Then the stump-puller was put in operation. This consisted of a long, slim tree, cut and made into a lever, with a stout truck-wheel upon the smaller end. The longer end of the lever was chained to the stump with a mon- strous chain, a link of which would weigh about fifteen pounds. Then a half- dozen yokes of oxen were hitched to the wheel and driven forward, and the great stumps were thus turned out of the ground. These were drawn away and fences made of them. New England rum for many years made sad havoc among the town's people. The first or early settlers were temperate in the use of ardent spirits, but the next generation of inhabitants were carried away and made miserable, many of them, by intemperate habits. It was a fault of the times. It was customary and fashionable to drink rum, brandy, and other kinds of tire-water upon all occasions and in everyday life. The preachers of the gospel drank rum, the deacons drank it, and almost every one, male and female, the aged, the middle- aged, and those in tender years, drank intoxicating drink. Not all were excess- ive drinkers, most drank moderately. On extra occasions, such as ordinations, weddings, funerals, family and friendly reunions, huskings, the raising of build- ings, bear hunts, musters, and on all occasions of merriment, much liquor was used, and often many became drunk or much beside themselves. Rum-drinking was a cause of much trouble, poverty and unhappiness. It made men quarrel o o f- O HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 29 with each other and spend their money foolishly. One old man, in his latter days, used to boast that he had had a dozen lawsuits and had beaten every time. This manner of life continued until about 1828, when Dr. Reuben Muzzey, of Dartmouth College, came about delivering his noted lecture, entitled " Eum, — its history, its uses and abuses." This lecture had immediate eflfect. All the good people, almost without exception, signed a pledge of total abstinence from all intoxicating drinks, and from that day to the present time the cause of tem- perance reform has continued its onward progress among our people. Still rum was sold and used in town. When laws were enacted to prevent its sale, sellers were licensed to sell it. We remember one noted rumseller in town [Luther Farwell]. He had a general assortment store in Dog Hollow. He was licensed to sell from year to year, but sometimes there were gaps when he had no license. Before the expiration of his legal time of selling he would advertise his stock so as to reduce it by a more rapid sale. One year the following was a part of his advertisement : '' The appointed time is hastening on To prosecute for selling rum. Bring in your things, glass, wood, and stone, The time is coming when you'll get- none. For selling rum is jusfand right Till 12 o'clock next Saturday night." Small were the excuses for drinking rum. A friend of mine tells me of his first visit one winter morning, long ago, at the house of two maiden sisters, neighbors of his, who lived about a mile from the village. He called at the house, and after some talk, the lady there asked: '' Are you going to the village? " He told her he was going there, and she then said : " You see, my sister has to do the chores at the barn, and she very much needs some- thing to keep the cold from her lungs. Would you get her a gallon of rum ?" He answered yes. Going then to the barn he found the other lady cleaning the stable, and after some talk, she asked : " Are you going to the village ? " He replied in the affirmative, and she continued : " Tou know my sister in the house is not very well, and she needs something to strengthen her. Would you be so kind as to get her a gallon of rum?" He said he would, and on his return he brought them their rum. After the era of licensing had gone by, the people of the town elected a rum-seller to furnish fire-water to all who wanted it for medicinal and mechanical uses. Then there appeared to be much sickness in town. Men bought liquors for all kinds of complaints, and many bought it as a preventive of sickness. Much was sold for me- chanical purposes. Farmers bought it for the purpose of making their scythes swing easily in hay time. We once heard of a man from a neighboring town who called at the agency to buy rum for the purpose of pickling cucumbers. 30 HISTORY OP OLAREMONT. After getting his large jug filled, and having paid for it all, he took a solid drink. Said the agent: "Hold on, sir; you bought that for pickles." "So I did,'' said the man, " and want first to pickle the cucumbers I had for breakfast." In 1764, according to E. D. Sanborn's History of New Hamp- shire, from Charlestown to Haverhill, more than seventy miles, there was no road, only a bridle path indicated by marked trees. This was often hedged up by fallen trees or made impassable by freshets. Claremont then contained two families, and Cornish and Plainfield one each. A rude cabin was their only shelter, game or fish, for a time, their principal food, and water from the spring their only beverage. The wife lived alone while the hus- band was abroad felling trees or securing food. Comfort was unknown. When food became more plenty the inhabitants gen- erally ate meat once in a day. Porridge of beans, pease, or milk furnished their other meals. Bowls, dishes, and plates were usually of wood. The more wealthy used pewter and tin. There was then a mill at Charlestown for grinding corn, and people came long distances to get their grain made into meal. The first meeting of the inhabitants of the town of Claremont in the Province of New Hampshire was held on the eighth day of March, 1768. How this meeting was notified or warned does not appear. The record of that meeting is as follows : At a meeting of the Inhabitants of the Town of Claremont holden at the House of Capt. Benj'n Brooks of said Claremont on tuesday the eigth day of March, 1768. Capt. Benj'n Brooks was chose Moderator to regulate said Meeting. Joseph Ives was chose Town Clerk. Capt. Benj'n Brooks, Ebenezer Skinner, Benj'n Tyler, Thomas Jones and Amos York were chosen Selectmen. Benj'n Brooks, Jr. was chosen constable Then this meeting was adjourned to the 29th day of instant March at one o'clock in the afternoon. Mar. 29th, 1768. Then met according to adjournment. Amos Yoi'k and Benedick Roys were chose Tithingmen. Benedick Roys and Josiah Rich were chose Deer Reves Asa Leet and Ebenezer Skinner were chose Surveyors of Highways. Voted to build a Pound for the use of the Town, near Thomas Jones' House, in the most convenient place Thomas Jones chose Pound Keeper. HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 31 Voted to raise a Kate of ten Pounds, Lawful Money to defray Town charges. Capt. Benjamin Brooks and Benjamin Sumner were chose a committee to lay out a Road to Newport. Voted to take two acres of land oflf from the North west corner of the Fair for a Burying place At a legal Town meeting holden at the House of Dr. William Sumner, on Tuesday, the fourteenth day of March, 1769, Dr. William Sumner was chose Moderator Benjamin Sumner was chose Town Clerk. Jeremiah Spenser, Lieut. Benjamin Tyler and Benjamin Sumner were chose Selectmen. Ebenezer Rice was chose Constable. Ebenezer Skinner and Lieut. Tyler were chose Tithingmen, and said Tyler refused to serve, Asa Leet chose in his Room Benedick Roys and Joseph Ives were chosen surveyors of Highways and Thomas Jones Keeper of the Town Pound. Voted to adjourn this meeting to Tuesday the 28th day of instant March, at 3 o'clock p. M. at the above mentioned place. This meeting was opened according to adjournment. At the same meeting chose Asa Leet, Thos. Gustin and Joseph Ives to be a Committee to examine the Selectmen's accounts for the last year. Asa Jones, Asaph Atwater, Beriah Murray, Hawards or field drivers. The duty of a hayward was to keep a common herd of cattle of a town and see that they did no harm to hedges or enclosed grounds; to decide how many cattle each man was entitled to pasture on common grounds set off for grazing; and to im- pound all cattle going at large, doing or liable to do mischief. This officer long since became obsolete. Josiah Rich and Jacob Roys chose fence viewers. Amos York chose Leather Sealer. Voted that Daniel Warner shall have for his services in making a road to Merrimack £1-8-0 Lawful money Voted that Hogs may run at large Yoked and ringed according to law. This meeting is dissolved. A Town meeting legally warned, March 13, 1770. Capt. Benjamin Brooks was chose Moderator Ebenezer Rice was chose Town Clerk Capt. Benjamin Brooks, Capt. Benjamin Sumner, Jacob Rice, Joseph Ives and Asa Jones were chosen Selectmen. Barnabas Ellis was chose Constable 32 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Josiah Rich and Benjamin Brooks, Jun'r, were chosen Tithing men. Messrs. Joseph Ives and Asa Jones were chose Leather Sealers. John Spencer and Joseph Taylor were chose Field Drivers. Thomas Gustin was chose Town Treasurer. Joseph York, Asa Leet, Moses Spaford were chosen Surveyors of Highways. Thomas Gustin, Ebenezer Skinner and Samuel Ashley were chosen a Com- mittee to examine the Selectmen's accounts. Voted that swine shall go upon the Commons yoked and ringed according to Law. Voted that this be dissolved. The preceding extracts are given verbatim, showing how the records were kept, as well as the business that was transacted. Following are such abstracts from the recorded proceedings of town meetings as seem of interest. At the annual meeting, on March 12th, 1771, holden at the house of Benjamin Brooks, who was chosen moderator, Samuel Cole was chosen town clerk, Thomas Gustin, Benjamin Brooks, and Asa Jones selectmen, and John Kelborn sealer of measures and weights. Voted that the Town should record the Marks for Cattle and swine belonging to the Inhabitants of the Town. September 26th, 1771. A meeting of the Inhabitants of the town of Clare- mont qualified to vote in common affairs and warned according to Law, at the South School House. At the same meeting Capt. B. Brooks was chosen Moderator. At the same meeting Capt. B. Brooks was chosen Grand Juror for the year ensuing. At the annual town meeting in March, 1772, it was Voted to raise three Pounds Lawful Money to purchase weights and measures for the use of the Town. At a town meeting held on the sixth day of January, 1773, " Mr. Thomas Gustin was chosen moderator," and " Messrs. John Sprague, Benjamin Brooks, Jr., Ebenezer Kice, and Jacob Rice, drawn and appointed to serve on the petit jury." At a town meeting held on April 5, 1773, it was Voted that those who are appointed to serve as Jurors at the Court of Com- mon Pleas should serve at the Court of General Sessions of the Peace also. HISTORY OP OLAREMONT. 33 At the same meeting John Thomas and Capt. Wait were drawn and appointed to serve at both Courts aforesaid. At a town meeting on August 16, 1773, Mr. Phineas Fuller was chosen Grand Juror, to serve at his Majesty's Su- preme Court to be holden at Keene, on the third day of Sept. next. The selectmen of Claremont received the following letter, and promptly made return as given below : Portsmouth, October 15th, 1773. Sir.— I am to request an exact list of the number of inhabitants in the town of Claremont, distinguished into different Hanljs or Classes, according to the schedule below, which I shall be glad to have returned to me, authenticated, as soon as possible. John Wentwoeth. Unmarried men 16 to 60 years of age Married men 16 to 60 years of age Boys 16 years and under Men 60 years and upwards Females unmarried Females married . Widows . . . , Male slaves . Female slaves 41 66 121 2 125 66 2 Total 423 Asa Jones, Benjamin Brooks, Joseph Taylor, Selectmen. At the annual town meeting in March, 1774, Matthias Stone was chosen moderator, Benjamin Sumner town clerk, Thomas Gustin, Matthias Stone, and Stephen Higbee selectmen, and all of them were sworn. This is the first record of any of the town officers having been sworn to the faithful performance of their respective duties. At a town meeting on April fifth of that year, it was 34 HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. Voted that those Jurors that are appointed to serve at next Court of Commonr Pleas, to be holden at Charlestown in and for The County of Cheshire, on the 12th day of April Instant, shall serve at the General Sessions of the Peace to be holden at said Charlestown on the 14th day of Instant April. Joseph Hubbard and Asa Jones was appointed to serve the Courts aforesaid as jurors. At a legal town meeting holden in the town of Claremont, at the meeting house in said town on July the 8th, 1774, Voted and chose Deak'n Matthias Stone, Moderator. At the same meeting a vote was called to see whether the town would stand trial with Mr. John Kilborn, who had commenced an action against said town for boarding the wife of Samuel Lewis and her children, by order of the Selectmen. Voted not to stand trial on the above action. At the same meeting Voted to raise on the inhabitants of said town money for the discharging the several debts hereunder mentioned : To Lieut. John Kilborn for keeping the wife and children of Samuel Lewis and his children To Joseph Hubbard To Daniel Curtis To Capt. Sumner To Capt. Brooks To Lieut. Joseph Taylor Thier several accompts being exhibited in the open town meeting and allowed by vote. The above meeting was dissolved by Matthias Stone, Moderator. At a town meeting on the thirteenth of September, 1774, Voted and chose Capt. Benjamin Sumner to be Agent for the town to stand trial against a bill found by the Grand Jury for said County, against said town for not building a bridge over Sugar River on the road leading from Mr. Thomas Jones northward over said River. Voted to raise money for the defraying the charges of said suit and collect it in the next Provincial rate that is gathered in said Town. At a town meeting on June 15, 1775, "For the purpose of hear- ing the reports of Mr. Oliver Ashley from Provincial Congress and to choose a Committee of Safety, &c.," Voted that the town is fully satisfied with the doings of our Member, Mr. Oliver Ashley, at the Provincial Congress, holden at Exeter on the 17th of May last. Voted and chose Capt. Joseph Wait, Ens'n Oliver Ashley, Mr. Thomas Gustin, 92 6 £4 12 6 23 8 1 3 8 16 9 2-6 16 9 2-4 13 13 22 9 1 2 9 17 6 6 6 17 6 63 38 2-4 HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 35 Mr. Asa Jones, Jacob Roys, Eleazer Clark and Lieut. Joseph Taylor a Commit- tee of Safety in this town. Voted that Mr. Oliver Ashley shall attend Provincial Congress till further orders. At a town meeting on December 15, 1775, " Capt. Joseph "Wait was chosen Eepresentative to attend the Provincial Congress to be held at Exeter on the 2l8t day of December next." Voted that said member shall have full power with the other members of said Colony to resolve themselves into such a House as the Continental Congress, shall recommend for taking up Government in the Colony. In accordance with an order of the Provincial Congress, the cen- sus of New Hampshire was taken in 1775. The following is a verbatim return of Claremont : Males under 16 years of age 148 Males from 16 to 60 — not in the army .... 125 All males above 50 years of age 18 Persons gone in the army 1 All females 231 Negroes, and slaves for life Total 523 The number of fire-arms in the Town of Claremont fit for actual service, 60 stand ; 65 wanted. Colony of New Hampshier, Claremont, Oct'r 13th, 1775. A true Number. Attest, Matthias Stone, Olfvek Ashley, Selectmen. Thus it will be seen that in this year the number of inhabitants in Clarement was five hundred and twenty-three. In the year 1776 the number of new settlers fell so far short of the number of re- movals that in the winter of 1777-78, according to tradition, there were only forty families in town, which, being estimated at eight persons in each family,— considerably more than the subsequent and present average, — we find a reduction of two hundred in the population in the short space of two years. Among those who left about this time was Colonel Benjamin Sumner, who took up his 36 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. residence in Long Island. He was suspected of being on friendly terms with the British. He occasionally made short visits to this town, when on his journeys to and from Canada, carefully avoid- ing any contact with his former townsmen, excepting certain known and well-tried friends. Several attempts were made by the Com- mittee of Safety and other ardent "Whigs to arrest him when on his flying visits, but without success. The order for this census required a return of " The Number of Fire Arms in the respective Districts fit for use, and the number wanting to complete one for every person capable of using them," and it was "further strictly enjoined upon all Selectmen and Com- mittees to endeavor to prevent all persons from burning their Pow- der in shooting at Birds and other Game." At a town meeting held December 10, 1776, Voted and chose Mr. Elihu Stevens for a Representative to represent s'd town in the Assembly to be held at Exeter on the third Wednesday in December next, at 3 of the clock in the afternoon, and also empowerd said Eepresentative for the term of one year from their first meeting. Then proceeded and voted for two Counsellors for the Province of Cheshire and State of New Hampshire, in obedience to the warrant. At the annual town meeting in March, 1777, John Sprague was chosen Constable on the south side of Sugar River, Edwin Goodwin was chosen Constable on the north side of Sugar River. Voted to pay the Rev'd Mr. Angustine Hibbard's third year's salary in good wheat at five shillings per Bushel; in good well fatted pork at four pence per pound; good flax, well dressed at eight pence per pound, and other articles of provision or labor in proportion to the above Articles. Benning Wentworth was commissioned governor of the Prov- ince of New Hampshire in 1741. In 1767 he resigned his ofiice in favor of his nephew, John "Wentworth, a son of Mark Hunking Wentworth, and to his nephew and successor in office it was sup- posed he would bequeath the bulk of his large estate. But in 1759, on his sixtieth birthday — being a childless widower — he had mar- ried Martha Hilton, his twenty years old servant girl, a young woman of matchless beauty, ready wit, and good sense, but very HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 37 poor, and died childless at the age of seventy-four years, in 1770. To her he bequeathed by his will, executed but a short time before his death, almost his entire property. Events which followed the death of the late Governor caused great uneasiness and perplexity to the owners of lands reserved by himself in townships granted by him. Those reservations were carefully located with reference to timber, soil and other advantages, and were bought at high prices by actual settlers. Doubtless the late Governor intended, and sup- posed he had, invested the several grantees with titles which could never be disputed, much less disturbed. The hopes of his successor in office being cut off, he determined, if possible, to oust the young widow from her inheritance. Long forgotten claims against the late Governor's estate were unearthed and brought forward, suits at law were commenced, and even in some instances forcible entries were made upon the lands devised. But these proceedings, so long as they were confined within the range of the domestic circle, were but little noticed by the public. It was not long, however, before the new Governor began to turn his attention to the reservations made by his deceased uncle in grants of townships. He submitted the question to the Council " whether the reservations of five hundred acres in the several townships made by the late Governor Benning "Wentworth, in the charter grants, conveyed the title to him ? " The Council deter- mined this question in the negative. The Governor then asked whether they would advise him to grant the said tracts to such of his majesty's subjects as should settle and cultivate the same ? To this they gave their assent. It may be stated that of the council- lors seven on this occasion were relatives of the governor. The next step was to dispossess all who had derived their title to the reserved lots through the late Governor. This extraordinary movement brought forth, in rapid succession, its legitimate results. The occupants of the disputed lands at once determined to defend their estates at whatever cost. The officers of the government used every artifice in their power to accomplish the object of their mis- sion, but the settlers remained firm and uncompromising. Threats, insults, and violence were resorted to, but without success. A few, 38 HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. alarmed at the prospect of a lawsuit and intimidated by the men- aces of officers, relinquished their titles, and at no inconsiderable expense repurchased their possessions. Complaints were at last sent to the Lords of Trade of England, and measures were taken to examine into the acts and conduct of the Governor. The Council undertook to reply to the charges made against themselves and the Governor. "With their defense were sent depositions from persons in all ranks and professions testifying in favor of the Gov- ernor. " In reference to the matter before us," it was declared by the King in Council, that " the lands granted to the late Governor were granted in the name of the King, which was sufficient to em- power him to convey a title, and that the Council was mistaken in directing otherwise." In accordance with this decision the Governor was directed not to disturb the title or interest of those who had purchased of the late Governor and had complied with the terms of the charter, by actu- ally occupying and improving the lands. Lieut. George Hubbard, father of the late Isaac Hubbard, Esq., and great-grandfather oi Isaac Hubbard Long, the present owner and occupant of the farm, was the owner of the governor's reservation in this town. He was an early settler, having come here in 1778, and had made consid- erable improvements upon his lands. The possession of these was considered by the Governor and those employed by him to dispos- sess Mr. Hubbard, as very desirable. They were favorably located, and the common prediction that Claremontwas destined to become a wealthy and prominent town rendered them of still more import- ance. Hence no effort was spared which might insure success to the undertaking. But Mr. Hubbard was not the man to be deluded, driven, or persuaded to acceptance of the terms or inducements held out to him to part with that which he wished to retain. His reply to those who from time to time attempted to dispossess him of what he regarded as his rights, almost invariably was, " The law sustains me, if law is common sense, and neither the Governor nor His Majesty King George shall drive me from this soil." Mr. Hubbard had early been informed, through Peter Livius, Esq., one of the Council, that preparations were making to lay the whole matter HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 39 before the King's Council, and doubtless felt quite sure that the acts of the late Governor, unless clearly illegal, would never be dis- countenanced by the King. The title of the late Grovernor to the lands in question being confirmed by the King in Council, the own- ers were relieved from further anxiety. The committee, Benj. Brooks and Benj. Sumner, chosen at the first town meeting to lay out a highway to Newport, in pursuance of this duty, began about half a mile south of the middle point of the west line of the town, and proceeded easterly in a straight line to Sugar river. The course was not varied by hills or valleys. The width of the highway was uniformly ten rods. This road passed through what is now the south part of the village, near the Stevens High School building. It was the custom to reserve strips of land ten rods in width between adjacent tiers or divisions of lots, with the intention that whenever lands might be taken for actual high- ways, the owners of lands so appropriated could be compensated from the " reservations." Hence it is found that the one hun- dred acre lots generally contain one hundred and five acres each. In 1769 the settlement of the town had so far progressed that husbands who had provided cabins sent for their wives and chil- dren, and single men began to consider the subject of matrimony. Barnabas Ellis and Elizabeth Spencer were the first couple married in Claremont according to the usages of civilized society. There being no one in town empowered to perform the ceremony, the Rev. Bulkley Olcott of Charlestown was sent for to officiate. There were no roads through the wilderness, and a brother of the bride was sent to act as pioneer for the clergyman and to procure new rum for the wedding. All the people in tdwn were invited. The ceremony was performed in a log cabin, — the largest and best adapted one in the neighborhood for such a gathering. It con- tained three rooms, and a chamber which was reached by a ladder made of spruce poles. The guests were seated upon benches, stools, and blocks of wood. In front of the happy pair was a stand upon which was a Bible, hymn book, and a full tumbler of the bev- erage provided. The parties being in order the minister approached the stand, and with becoming dignity took up the tumbler, and 40 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. after a generous sip of its contents, said : " I wish you joy, my friends, on this occasion." A chapter from the Bible was read, a hymn was sung, — the minister reading a line and those present singing each line as read. The marriage knot was then solemnly and duly tied, a long prayer offered and the ceremony was com- plete. Then followed toasts, jokes, and merriment, interspersed with black-strap. Mr. Ellis was one of the early settlers. He filled several town offices, was a lieutenant in the continental army, and M^as with Ethan Allen's expedition against Forts Ticouderoga and Crown Point, in 1775, and in the battle of Bennington, August 16, 1777. He purchased a tract of land on Town hill, where he lived, hon- ored and respected, and died in 1837. The farm continued the home of his youngest son, William Ellis, until his death, in 1880, and is now owned by his grandson, "William Barnabas Ellis. Since the termination of the French and Indian War, in 1760, the Indians had not troubled the settlements along the Connect- icut river. Game and fish were very abundant, and occasionally they resorted in small numbers to their old hunting and fishing grounds, but their visits were few and short. Probably they never occupied the territory in this vicinity as a permanent or habitual abode, as no relics of the race have ever been discovered in the neighborhood which would indicate it. At the time referred to a single Indian by the name of Tousa still lingered in the west part of the town, and claimed certain territory as his hunting ground, on which he mostly stayed. Tradition has it that he had been chief of a tribe who were once lords of the soil, but now Avere either exterminated or had removed to Canada. But he seemed determined not to relinquish the possessions of his ancestors to the aggressive palefaces. Though he continued to remain here for several years after the settlement of the town, and at last died on what he termed his own soil, yet he sought no intercourse or friendship with the new occupants, but followed his favorite pursuits — fishing and hunting. It was known that he had borne a conspicuous part in the bloody and devastating expeditions against Charlestown, Keene, and other English colo- i>. ik^^ -^ yL .'r -«i«rr t ft HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 41 tiies, and it was feared that he might be still lurking about, watching an opportunity to enact similar scenes. He had frequently warned the white hunters not to trespass upon his ground, and they generally heeded his warning. He was present at the raising of the frame of Union church in 1773, .and expressed great indignation at the erection of so large a building, seeming to regard it as an encroachment upon his rights. He became crazed with too much fire-water, was boisterous, and loudly threatened to shoot any white hunter who should intrude on his territory. One Timothy Atkins, a full match for Tousa in size and strength, between whom and the Indian a bitter enmity had long existed, hearing these threats, determined to hunt on the forbidden ground. One morning he went off in that direction alone, with his gun heavily charged, after which Tousa was never seen or heard of, and his sudden disappearance was & mystery. In 1854, Josiah Hart, now living, in digging on his premises — territory which was claimed by Tousa as his ground — unearthed a skeleton, which from its great size, and the form of the skull and face bones, was believed to be that of the last Indian habitue of Claremont. The territory claimed by Tousa as his hunting ground was on the north side of Sugar river, and embraced parts of the farms of the late Messrs. Danford Rice, Dr. S. G. Jarvis, and John Tyler. In the spring of 1767 Benjamin Tyler, a mill-wright and an ingenious and enterprising mechanic, came from Farmington, Conn., to Claremont on foot. In March of that year the grantees voted him two acres of land on Sugar river for a mill yard, with the privilege of the stream, on condition that he build a mill or mills and keep them in repair for ten years. That summer he built the first dam across that river at West Claremont, in the same place where the Jarvis and Coy dam now is, and then returned to Farmington. The next March he brought his wife, six children, and his household effects here on an ox sled. There being no roads he came on the ice of Connecticut river from Bellows Falls. He was delayed at Montague, Mass., several days 42 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. by a snow storm, and in the time made a pair of cart wheels for the tavern keeper to pay for his entertainment. While building his dam Mr. Tyler lived in a rude hnt under a fallen pine tree, near where the dam was built. "When he ar- rived in Claremont with his family, in March, 1768, they stopped at the log house of Daniel Warner, located on the meadow near where Lottery bridge now stands. This was the second house built in town, the first one being built by Samuel Ashley on Avhat has since been known as Ashley meadow, a short distance north of Ashley ferry. Soon after the arrival of Mr. Tyler the ice in Connecticut river broke up, formed a dam near the mouth of Sugar river, the water set back onto the meadow, and the inmates of the Warner house were forced, to save their lives, to make their escape on rafts and a canoe. The house and its entire contents were carried away and destroyed. Mr. Tyler was born at Wallingford, Conn., on February 22, 1732 — George Washington's birthday — married Mahitabel An- drews, and removed to Farmington, Conn., where they had seven children born to them, the first of which died in infancy. At the first town meeting, in March, 1768, and before his arrival with his family, Mr. Tyler Avas chosen one of the selectmen, was subsequentlv re-elected several times, and held other ofiices of honor and trust in the town. That summer he built, in con- nection with his dam, grist and saw mills on the north side of the river. At the raising of the frame of the grist mill, which was no common event, the settlers in the vicinity were present to help, some of them coming twenty miles. Mr. Tyler had brought with him from Connecticut half a barrel of "West ludia rum for this occasion. It was not tapped until the work of raisino- the frame was finished. Any kind of spirituous liquor w^as a rarity in town in those days, and some of the men indulged so freely as to be overcome by it, were unable to reach their homes that night, and slept by the side of fallen trees in the forest. For two or three years the crops were almost a failure, and the settlei-s suffered greatly in consequence. As soon as he got his mills in order, Mr. Tyler ground corn and other grain for HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 43 the settlers over a considerable extent of territory, many bringing their grists through the forest for miles on their backs. He also got out lumber, and being a carpenter as well as millwright, su- perintended the building of many framed houses and barns in the next few years, the most of them in the west part of the town. He built for himself what was for those days a large two story house, the same that has for many years been well known as the Maynard tavern stand. The first framed house in town was built by Benedick Roys, about a hundred rods east from James P. Upham's residence, on Town hill. In 1807 Benjamin Grundy moved it to its present location, finished it in a few years, and then sold it to Benjamin Tyler, father of West Part John Tyler, as he was called, to dis- tinguish him from John Tyler of Claremont village. The house and surrounding lands, after the death of his father, Benjamin Tyler, the younger, passed into the possession of West Part John Tyler, who spent most of his life there, and from it was. carried direct to his last resting place by the side of his ancestors, in the- cemetery near Union church, in which he had worshiped all his life. This house is still standing and is occupied by his widow. Town meetings for several years prior to 1792 wei-e held at pri- vate houses and at the tavern of Ebenezer Rice. In the warrant for a town meeting to be held on the eighth day of December, 1794, was this article, " To choose one of the following persons, viz: Abel Foster, Esq., or Paine Wingate, Esquire, they having the highest number of votes next to those already elected tO' represent this State in the Congress of the United States, to hold his place for two years from the fourth day of March next." The vote of Claremont at the town meeting was, for Abel Foster, Esq., 43; Paine Wingate, Esq., 28. Abel Foster, a clergyman of Canterbury, was elected. Prior to 1794, two tax collectors — one on the north and the other on the south side of Sugar river — had been chosen. At the annual meeting this year it was voted that one man should be chosen tax collector for the whole town, and that the office for the ensuing year "should be set up at thirty pounds, and any person 44 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. should have the right to say how much less he would doit for, with the privilege of being Constable, and furnish a good and sufficient bondsman." After several bids Joseph Rice declared that he would comply with the conditions aud perform the duty for the sum of nineteen shillings and eight pience, and he was chosen. It was voted to raise one hundred and twenty pounds for the sup- port of schools the ensuing year ; one hundred and twenty pounds to repair highways, aud sixty pounds to defray incidental expenses. The whole number of votes cast for governor was 120, viz : John Taylor Gilman, Esq., 112; Simeon 01cott,Esq., 6 ; Bazellah Wood- ward, Esq., 1, and Benjamin West, Esq., 1. At the annual town meeting in March, 1776, Voted to choose George Hubbard to inspect the Bank of Connecticut River on tliose days which the law prohibits iishing. At a town meeting on August 29, 1796, Voted to clioose a committee to view the Common & to see what addition was necessary to "be made to said Common. Voted and chose Oliver Ashley, Esq., Moody Dustin, Esq., George Hubbard, Gentleman, Giddeon Handerson, Ezra Jones, Gentleman, a committee for the above purpose. The Committee report that it is necessary to make an addition to the Common of three quarters of one acre of land taken on the west side of said Common of Capt. Stevens land. Voted to accept the report of the Committee. BURYING YARD AND COMMON. At a town meeting on August 27, 1792, Voted to give of the school lot two acres of Land for a Burj'ing Yard near the Meeting House. At the same meeting Voted to accept the Highway beginning at Atkins Bridge by the meeting house so through Mr. James Strobridge land. Voted to exchange one acre and two rods of land on the school lot No. 29, with Samuel Whitter for one acre & two rods of Ground which the meeting house stands on. HISTORY OF CLARBJUONT. 45 TAXES. At the annual town meeting, on March 10, 1778, "Dea. Matthias Stone and Dr. Thos. Sterne were chosen a committee to petition the Assembly in the State of New Hampshire that no land Tax may- be laid on the lands in the Town of except nonresident lands only, and that s'd Committee shall offer the Town's reasons and their remonstrance against it." SMALL POX. On February 7, 1788, in legal meeting, the town voted that " they would admit of a Peat House to be set up or procured for the purpose of Innoculating for the small pox if leave can be ob- tained of the Sessions of the Peace," and that " Capt George Hub- bard, Sanford Kingsbury, Esq., and Ambrose Cossit, Esq., be a committee to over see the affairs or take due measures to prevent the Small Pox from spreading from those that are Innoculated." At a town meeting on January 19, 1792, Voted to discontinue the pest houses or liberty of Innoculating in sM Town. In 1783 there is no record of an annual town meeting for the choice of the usual town officers. During that year there were several town meetings, but mention is only made of the assemblings and adjournments without the transaction of any business, except- ing in ITovember, when a vole was passed to " assess the town or Claremont in the sum of 130 pounds lawful money to pay the re- maining part of Kev. Mr. Hibbard's settlement," and also to "raise money to pay the bondsmen of Capt. Benj. Sumner, on account of the charges incidental to the settlement of the late Mr. Whea- ton's estate." PAPER CURRENCY. At town meeting on August 8, 1786, Voted that this State make a Banlc of paper CuiTcncy. Voted to choose a Com- mittee of five men to give our Representative instruction how and in what man- ner s'd money shall be made to answer the publick interest, and also in what manner said money shall be drawn out of the Treasury to answer the most valu- able purpose. 46 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Samuel Ashley, Jun., Major Ol'r Ashley, Elihu Stevens, Esq'r, Lt. Benjamin Tyler & Dea. Matthias Stone were chosen a Committee for ye above purpose. At a town meeting on JSTovember 21, 1786, this committee re- ported apian which they had agreed upon for a paper currency, and " Eighteen voted for the plan proposed to make paper money five voted against s'd plan." To make this matter as clear as possible at this remote period, it may be stated that at the close of the Revolutionary "War the gen- eral government as well as the states, was involved in debt. " Sil- ver and gold, which had been extensively circulated during the last years of the war, were now returning by the usual course of trade to those countries whence large quantities of necessary and un- necessary commodities had been imported." The country was drained of specie, and congress then possessed no power to lay im- posts, and there was no check to this universal flow from the pub- lic treasury. To remedy existing evils taxations upon polls and estates were resorted to, and thus frequent and almost insupport- able burdens were thrown upon the husbandman and the laborer. Hence arose a clamor throughout the state for the establishment of a paper currency. In almost every town was a party in favor of this measure. It was insisted that through this method life would be imparted to commerce and encouragement to agriculture ; that the poor would thereby be provided with means for the payment of their debts and taxes, and finally that it would act as an effect- ual check to the operations of speculators and monopolists. To still the clamor and ascertain the real sentiments of the people upon the subject, the General Assembly in session at Exeter, on Sep- tember 13, 1786, formed a plan for the emission of fifty thousand pounds to be loaned at four per cent on land securities, and this to be a tender in payment of taxes, and for the fees and salaries of public officers. This plan was sent to the several towns, and the people were requested to give their opinions in town meeting for and against it, and to make return of the votes to the Assembly at its next session. This plan, however, did not meet with public ap- probation, — a majority of the people having voted against it. CHAPTER in. NEW HAMPSHIRE (JRANTS — VERMONT CONTROVERSY. In 1749 a controversj'- arose between Governor Benning Went- worth of E"ew Hampshire and Governor George Clinton of ITew York, as to their respective jurisdictions over the territory now forming the state of Vermont, concerning the western line of the Province of New Hampshire, and the eastern line of 'New York. Governor Wentworth claimed that by the King's commission to him he had authority to grant townships on the west side of Con- necticut river, according to Williams's History of Vermont, extend- ing to a line "twenty miles east of Hudson river, as far as that ex- tended to the northward ; and after that as far west as the eastern shore of Lake Champlain;" while Governor Clinton claimed that he had jurisdiction over all the lands from the west side of Con- necticut river to the east side of Delaware bay. Governor Went- worth had granted the township of Bennington, gave to it his own name, and continued to give grants of townships on the west side of Connecticut river until August, 1764. On December 28, 1763, Mr. Colden, Lieutenant-Governor of New York, issued a proclama- tion " commanding the sheriiF of the county of Albany to make return of the names of all persons who had taken possession of lands under the New Hampshire grants; and claiming jurisdiction jis far east as Connecticut river," by virtue of a royal grant to the Duke of York. The government of New York resorted to many methods to dis- possess all those who had derived their titles from Governor Went- worth. Officers were sent among them, commanding them to deliver up their premises ; landlords claimed rent, and attempted to 48 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. collect it ; actions were commenced against the occupants, which, being brought in the courts of ISTew York, were invariably decided against the defendants. Long and bitter controversies arose, and the sturdy settlers, determined not to yield, resorted to arms in defense of their estates. Acts of violence were frequent, and the officers of JSTew York often found the physical power was on the side of the settlers. There were among the inhabitants many daring, intrepid men, ready to encounter danger, if necessary, and by no means scrupulous of the observance of " points of law," as settled by the courts of New York. The early settlers of New Hampshire, especially the western por- tion of the province, as well as those of Vermont, were not, like the Plymouth colonists, actuated solely in their enterprises by re- ligious motives. Their association consisted primarily more in the regulations of mercantile companies than in civil legislation ; though, from the necessity of the case, the latter became their con- dition in the process of time. Speculation and the acquisition of wealth formed the basis of their movements ; and it is thought that,, judged in accordance with the principles of sound morality andlawr their acts would in some instances have been considered oppressive and unjust. The institutions of rehgion were not disregarded. In. many cases, among the first of their legislative corporate acts was the providing for a minister "to come and settle among" them. Particularly was this the case with the first settlers of Claremont, Soon after the declaration of American independence the in- habitants of the territory in question assembled to take into con- sideration their peculiar condition, and to provide means of safety. The situation of the country created, as they believed, a radical change in their political connections. By the dissolution of the bonds which had subjected America to the rule of Great Britain, they imagined that all acts sanctioned by the authority of the mother country were abrogated, and no longer binding; and hence conceiving themselves free from the government of New York, tc which they had never willingly submitted, and being, as they declared, " reduced to a state of nature," they insisted that they had a right to form such association as was agreeable to themselves^ HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 49 Accordingly, they made the declaration that " they would at all times consider themselves as a free and independent state, capable of regulating their own internal police ; that they had the sole, ex- clusive right of governing themselves in such manner as they should choose, not repugnant to the resolves of Congress ; and that they were ready to contribute their proportion to the common defense." Guided by these principles, they adopted a plan of government, established a code of laws, and petitioned Congress to receive them into the Union. The inhabitants of the eastern valley of the Connecticut river, both on account of location and sympathy, were strongly inclined to unite with those on the western side in the formation of a new state. They claimed that the original grant to Captain John Mason was limited by the line drawn at a distance of sixty miles from the sea ; that all the lines westward of that line were royal grants, which being under the jurisdiction of New Hampshire merely by the force of the royal commission, were vacated by the assumed in- dependence of the American colonies, and therefore, that all the inhabitants of this territory had " reverted to a state of nature." By this it was understood that each town retained its corporate unity, but was wholly disconnected from any superior jurisdiction. They made a distinction between commissions derived from the King, revocable at his pleasure, and incorporations granted on certain conditions, which conditions having been performed, the powers and privileges incident to or resulting from the corporate bodies were perpetual. They asserted that when the power of the King had been re- jected and no longer recognized, the only legal authority remaining was vested in their town incorporations, and that the majority of each town had a right to control the minority. These views, how- ever, did not meet with universal approval. Doctor Jeremy Belknap, in his History of New Hampshire, pub- lished in 1813, from which valuable work the facts connected with this matter are mainly derived, says. The majority of some towns was in favor of their former connexion, and in those towns where the majority inclined the other way, the minority claimed 50 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. protection of the government. They supposed that the existence of their town incorporations, and the privileges annexed to them, depended on their union to New Hampshire ; and that their acceptance of the grants was in effect an ac- knowledgment of the jurisdiction, and a submission to the laws of the State from which they could not fairly be disengaged without its consent, as the State had never injured or oppressed them. Much pains were taken by the other party to disseminate the new ideas. Conventions were held, pamphlets were printed, and at length a petition was drawn in the name of sixteen towns on the eastern side of Connecticut river, requesting the new state, which had assumed the name of Vermont, to receive them into its union, alleging that they were not connected with any state, with respect to their internal police. These towns were Cornish, Lebanon, Dresden — now Hanover, Bath, Lyme, Orford, Piermont, Haverhill, Lyman, Apthorp — since divided into Littleton and Dalton — Canaan, Cardigan — now Orange, Lan- Jr^ra'i/i'r'^, T.J?. KirriJtcL W A L L inJto % \& CXB.S.S7U, Q ST XRENTOHT __ ' — Tn a O- '^ A!r.Co\rl£s 'E.F.Johnson' q □ '"^ ^ ^— yT.KMTn.ond' aH.F.JoJijisori- r.CKelsey a AKl Vrdy.Ch i C^ip^Part of >I^AREMOIVT,P,0. TOW// or CLAREMONT. :Exx'oyts- a i „ , Osooi/ci, Q ;ej'/.n ^^^^^-Fdnnelcfy t t i i CHAP5L ST. J.ErnersoiviMiA-^ CJ.Jfar£inU v\ifrs££. .^ fi'.rrv '-'i Ferry SULLIVAN, CO. N.H. Scale ofFi^et. o 50 loja £3" Expl ana tioxi . PUBLIC BUILDINGS & WtBUSINCSS BLOCKS. S^RESIDeNCl:S. ■'S.W.'Jih'cJulls —,11 Mrs.F. e. Vl/ ktnsorui^ •J F.JeweM^.Q j q. X 1 XyM:rs.M£Tartridge. X^Recloty CB^f>oifcr£^\ \ ^jfts. J'. Collins a RFJ.eM'is . i '^r^frsJLADickinsori' ~a C.MitcfteU ''Timoit^ EDSaheT-.'O F.Locke Q j jOifTsyUiM'-iUiiajmeny \ gj UTuB.Te.nnex Farw-eJL\y 'O^J.ZJhrwMi,.,.---''''^ '\^GXX,alcow^ ^CiBSpofForcL ryi.BaiLe.y O "^-^ • A.H.MLliLLSff, LITH. PMI/CADA. HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 71 tive farms, on which are neat, substantial, and capacious buildings and good fences, indicating abodes of taste, intelligence, and thrift J and rapid and useful rivers and brooks. There is an air of prosperity, plenty, comfort, and contentment throughout the town found in but few places of similar size anywhere. The village is situated about three miles due east from Con- necticut river, near the geographical center of the town, occupies a large and varied area, and through it, from east to west, runs Sugar river. The fall of this river is about three hundred feet in the town, about one hundred and fifty feet of which is in the village, in a distance of half a mile. Each foot of fall is capable of turning one thousand spindles. This water power, though not fully, is pretty well occupied. Here is an abundant market for all the wood and farm products of this and the surrounding towns, and it is the center of trade for the western part of the county of Sullivan and adjacent towns in Vermont. In the village are extensive and prosperous manufacturing establishments, workshops, excellent hotels, .national and savings banks, stores with stocks of goods the equal of the best found in cities; church, school, and other substantial and handsome public buildings; private residences — all comfortable, many of them large and elegant, with well kept lawns, and fruit, flower, and vegetable gardens. Two aqueducts supply an abundance of pure water for drinking and culinary purposes, and hydrants dis- tributed all about the village, with pressure sufficient to carry streams over the highest buildings, with electric fire alarm, steam fire engine and good apparatus, and a well organized department for extinguishing fires, render property reasonably secure from destruction by this element. The streets, public buildings, stores, offices, and residences are lighted by gas and electricity; and on most of the streets are concrete and other good side and cross walks. These, with the excellent high and graded schools and large free library, make the village and town a desirable place of residence. The hills and mountains in and about Claremont form a land- scape which is a continual source of pleasure and pride to her 72' HISTOKT OF CLARBMONT. citizens, and of admiration to visitors. There are gentle and graceful elevations in the north, Green mountain in the east^ Plat Rock and Bible hill in the south, and Trisback hill and Barbouis mountain in the west part of the town; while Ascutney mountain, just across Connecticut river in Vermont — an isolated^ conical elevation of more than three thousand feet above ther valley, with its ever changing lights and shades, in full view from many points in Claremont — is claimed by her people as a kind of inheritance. These hills and mountains are covered with fresh^ living green in summer, all the varied, rich, warm tints in autumn^ and a thick mantle of snow in winter, producing scenes of unsur- passed beauty. The roads in Claremont, as a matter of pride and economy,, are kept in good condition, and the drives in almost every direc- tion are varied, attractive, and pleasant. ISTewport, Cornish Flat, and Windsor, Vt., are each ten miles distant, and Charlestowa- twelve. In going to either of these places, one road may be taken, and another in returning, making an agreeable variety. , Few towns are more generally healthy. It is free from epidemics or prevailing sickness of any kind, which is accounted for by the character of the soil, pure water, and entire exemption from fogs- and the causes of them, or malarial influences of any kind. LOCALITIES, Many years ago certain localities in town became distinguished by such names as Puckershire, a neighborhood about two miles- east from the village, on the new road to N'ewport; Bible Hill, an eminence south of the village; Green Mountain, a picturesque- hill northeast of the village ; Cat-Hole, north of Green Mountain ;. Hop-Yard, in the northeast corner of the town ; Slab City, aboutp two miles north of the village, and Dog Hollow, in the vicinity of the Sullivan House. There is no record as to the origin or the names as applied to these localities, and the traditions are various and conflicting in regard to them; nor is it essential to- know why or by whom they were thus designated, since the? n3,meB were accepted long ago, and will probably continue many years to come. .jCS a < o <; HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. 7S CLAKEMOKT VILLAGE IN 1822. Dr. James Hall, in a letter published in the " National Eagle," describing Claremont in 1822, when he lived here, is of interest, and liberal extracts are given from it. Dr. Hall died near Bal- timore, Md., in 1888. The township then contained some three thousand .inhabitants ; was entitled to two representatives in the state legislature, and was considered a wealthy town with great possibilities, dependent upon its valuable and easily utilized water power. But I propose merely to speak of the village, the contrast in that between the then and now being greater. Five main roads entered the village, connecting it with the adjacent towns and villages. The Windsor, or Cornish river road, entered on the north side of Sugar river, joining the Newport road at the upper bridge and dam. At the eastern or southern extremity of the Plain, as it was then called, the Unity road entered — the one now leading to Newport. The Charlestown road, or the one leading through North Charlestown, left the village by the back street, or "sandhill" way, and a half mile or so forked, one branch passing over the hill due south, the other deflecting to intersect the river road from Charlestown to Cornish. Another road led directly west from the village center to the west part, or " Union church." The actual number of buildings and population can be better calculated by tracing one of these roads to the village center, beginning with the Windsor road. The first house on coming in sight of the churches, after rising a steep sand hill from a swampy bottom, was one of two stories, and occupied by Bill Barnes, a well-to-do farmer, near which was that of his son-in-law, Mr. Eastman^ a tanner; next the low dwelling and shop of Jotham Willard, a blacksmith", next Linus Stevens's house and shop, a carpenter ; next and near it, the dwelling of Oliver Hubbard, wagon maker, with his shop underneath, — the last three all on the southeast side of the road. Nearly opposite the last named, on a slight elevation, was the two-story house of Walter Bingham; further on on the same side the two story dwelling and small shop of Eliel Parmelee, shoe- maker. Nearly opposite these last and under the hill, were two or three low dwellings, occupied by the overseer and operatives of a paper mill. On the- north side, next comes the large square house of Mrs. Clarke, and a small unoccupied store with stable and shed — the house afterwards a tavern. At this point we come to a triangular square covered mainly by logs for sawing, and sawed lumber, often blocking the roadway leading through it. On the north side, or base, of this triangle was the large dwelling and out-houses of Col. David Dexter, and a small house further on, occupant not remembered; 74 HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. the south side of the place was covered by the miller's house, saw and grist mills and smith shop of Col. Dexter. On the east was the store of Samuel Fiske, Esq., bordering on the Newport road, which joins the Windsor road at the bridge. On the road north of Fiske's store were two or three small dwellings occupied by one Fargo, the bell ringer, and a man named Russell; farther out, and still to be reckoned iu the village, were the residences of Mr. Abraham Fisher, Mr. Patch, and Mr. Handerson, a tanner, aU men of means, independent. This list comprises every .dwelling and shop on the north side of the river, excepting a small dwelling between Fiske's store and the bridge. On crossing the bridge we come to three one story dwellings on the left, one owned and occupied by Stephen Starbird, tailor; next, on the same side, the three story tavern house of Daniel Chase, with extensive stables and yards. On the oppo- site, or west side from the bridge, is the gristmill of Col. Stevens, and the low dwelling and saddler's shop of Capt. Matthew Porter — the latter on a corner formed by a cross road leading to the dwelling house of Col. Stevens, on a level with the Plain or common. To return. Ascending a sandy hill from Chase's tavern, we come to the Plain with the meeting-house, now town house, on the right and back and east of the roadway, the burying place, then the only cemetery near the village. Back of this, on the hill, was an unfinished brick dwelling, afterwards owned and occupied by Dr. Josiah Richards, then the only building of any kind east of the Plain. The octagon brick church, Episcopal, nearly shut in the path to the hill back — hardly a road. South of the church, on the east side of the Plain, follow in order, first, a one story house owned by Walter Bingham; a one story dwelling occupied by Dr. Richards ; a two story brick dwelling and small store or shop of George Fiske ; a low dwelling of Reverend Jonathan Nye, and small shop near it; then a low brick building and brick law office of Asa Ilolton, Esq. ; next a low dwelling, afterwards a two story brick, and shoe shop of John Farwell ; then a small house, or hut, of Josiah Holt, hatter. Then comes the swamp, south of which, on the corner of the road leading to Unity, is a one story dwelling. On this road east were two low dwellings and the two story house of Mr. Brooks, tanner, with yard and shop. Returning to the Plain we find nothing more on the east, but the dwelling of Ambrose Cossit, Esq., fronts us from the ultimate south limit of the Plain across the gully, as it then was. From Mr. Cossit 's house a cross, road passes to the Charlestown road, on which there was one dwelling, shop, and outbuild- ings, occupied by a Mr. Barrett, and a shoe manufacturer named Alcock, or Otis, afterwards. Recrossiug the gully, passing north on the south side of the Plain, we come first to a large dwelling and outbuildings owned and occupied by Dr. Timothy Gleason ; next to this a like establishment of Samuel Fiske, Esq., at the southwest corner of a cross street leading to what was then called the back way, or Charlestown road. On this cross street were two dwellings, that of Rev. J. B. Howe, and one of Peter Parmelee, with the cabinet maker's a 9 oc en O HISTORY OP CLAKEMONT. 75 shop of Mr. Parmelee. On the northwest corner Cross street with the Plain, And opposite the dwelling of Esquire Fiske, was the law office and dwelling of <3eorge B. Upham, Esq. Continuing north, next come the store, postoffloe, and dwelling of John Tappan, Esq., formerly a congregational clergyman. Next, the store of Glidden & Dean, with dwelling of Mr. Dean and family overhead. Next the shoe factory and large brick dwelling of Nicholas Farwell. Further on, at an angle in the west line of the Plain, is a shop and one story dwelling, afterwards owned and occupied by Captain Porter, before mentioned. Next, the hat factory and dwelling of Nathan Bingham. Next the dwelling of Josiah Stevens, Jr. Next that of Godfrey Stevens, his yard including the entire ground between the back street and the Plain. On this back street was a range of large barns and yards fronting on it, and but one dwelling, that of Alvah Stevens, Immediately west of the Congregational church, now town house, was a long, low building, apparently extended at different periods, the store of Josiah Stevens & Sons. Directly opposite, at the angle of the road leading west, was the dwelling of Col. Josiah Stevens, afterwards extended and called the ■Tremont House. On the road west, after passing barn yards on one side and £i range of outbuildings, wood-yard, and sheds on the other, comes a low tene- ment house on the right; then the dwelling of Thomas Woolson, at the angle «f a road leading down to the river. On this road was the dwelling of Eos- well Elmer, and a small one and shop of "Cooper Smith." Returning to the road leading west we find the shop of Woolson & Elmer, a machine card factory; then a dwelling of Colonel Booth, and also a small f)ne occupied by a Miss Petty, an elderly maiden lady. From this, on the top of the hill, none other till we come to the dwelling and outbuildings of Eph- raim Tyler on the right, nearly opposite a by-road leading to the Charlestown road, some half a mile away. On this road is the two-story dwelling of Austin Tyler, and further on, a smaller one occupied by a Mr. Draper, house painter. At the angle formed by this road and the one leading west, is a small dwelling find shop occupied by a Mr. Turner, a wheelwright. From this a road leads to the river, which is here crossed by a bridge, and then extends to intersect the Windsor road at our place of starting. On the east or south side of the river, just above the bridge, are the grist and sawing mills of Ephraim Tyler & Sons; on the north side a carding machine and possibly clothing works of Benjamin Meaoham. This rough sketch, at random, from memory, extending back sixty and odd years, embraces nearly every dwelling house, name of occupant, and the various shops and stores in the village of Claremont in 1822. The general summary fihows some sixty dwellings in all, twenty on the north side and forty on the fiouth side of the river. Allowing six people to a house, a fair estimate, the village then contained 360 souls, or making allowance for oversight, say 400. JBy no fair calculation could it reach 500. Use of the Water Power. The upper dam, where the main bridge crosses 76 HISTORY OF CLARBMONT, the stream, supplies the saw and grist mill of Colonel Dexter, together with his smithing works, scythe factory, etc., on the north side; and the grist mill of Colonel Stevens on the south side. The second dam supplies the paper mill of Josiah Stevens & Sons, and the fulling mill and clothing workt> of Walter Bingham on the north side, and the casting, stove, sheetiron, and carding ma- chine factory of Woolson & Elmer on the south. A small, low dam further west is used by Mr. Eastman, the tanner. The fourth dam runs the mill of Ephraim Tyler & Son, and the carding machine of Benjamin Meacham. There were four stores in the village, nearly, in capital employed and business, as in order named : Josiah Stevens & Sons, Samuel Fiske, Glidden & Dean, and George Fiske. They were supplied with goods mainly from Boston; the merchants generally visiting the then town, after a city, twice a year, and the hauling to and from was mainly done by a six horse wagon owned and driven by one Hazeltine. The business which brought money to the village was the extensive morocco shoe factories of Nicholas and John Farwell and Cyrus B. Alcock, or Otis. They were, in number of hands engaged and work marketed, nearly in the order above, or perhaps the factory of Nicholas Farwell equalled those of the other two. The product of all was marketed in Vermont or northern New Hamp- shire, supplanting all others, from the excellence of the work. The next production for export was that of Woolson & Elmer, consisting of machine cards and iron castings, stoves of sheet and cast iron, etc. The ma- chine card and shoe manufacture afforded remunerative labor for many women and children, in shoe binding and lining and setting the wire teeth in the leathers of the cards. The paper mill furnished an article of export. The scythe factory also, and possibly the three tanneries, especially that of Mr. Eastman, did more than supply the home demand. The professions of law, medicine, and theology were filled by couples, two of each, in order as below : Messrs. Upham and Holton in law. Doctors Richards- and Gleason in medicine, and Reverends Nye and Howe as pastors or preachers. Occasionally a Methodist preacher held services in some hall or schoolhouse, but no church building existed at that time of that denomination, nor of the Baptist, either. It is not my intent to characterize the town, village, or individuals, but merely to show what might be called in modern parlance the plant of the village, the number and locality of the dwellings, the names of their occupants, and to sketch briefly the various industries of the place. Were a citizen asked as to the general character of the village as to business, the answer would have been, "a very dull place, a dead-and-alive place." This was the character of the village at that time, at home and in the neighboring towns and villages, mainly owing, I think, to the lack of business capacity or enterprise of its merchants or traders. The stock of goods in any and all the stores merely covered OS (/) J J O H O O HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 77 articles of every day use and necessity of what we might call common people. The best shopping was done in Windsor, some in Newport, and I well recol- lect one, in want of a buffalo robe, sought it successfully in Unity. Although a dull place the people were mostly, even for that day, a moral and a, religious people or community. They were about evenly divided in politics and religion, but in both quite tolerant. What Claremont lacked at that time was a printing office, a bank, a library, or a bookstore at least, an apothecary, a jeweler, a milliner. It had not even a fire engine. My self-imposed task is done in placing before you the then. You have the now. The change is no way remarkable in this country, even in New England. It is rather remarkable that it has been so long in coming. I am sensible this sketch can interest no one except a resident of the village at this time, and of those only the curious. Were the ground plotted and the various improvements jotted down, even on a rough lithograph, it would be of more interest and worthy of preservation. 2 Q !75 < Z o s Q ECCLESIASTICAL. CHAPTER VII. CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. In 1771 the entire number of the inhabitants of the town was less than fifty, and of these only a portion remained here during the winter. Up to this time no steps had been taken to secure the permanent settlement of a minister. The greater part of the set- tlers belonged to the Congregational church — the prevailing theo- logical system of New England — and unless a person was connected with some ecclesiastical body of a different denomination, he was compelled to pay taxes for the support of this society, was con- sidered as under its spiritual guidance, to some extent subject to its jurisdiction, and the authority was exercised to enforce the collec- tion of taxes without regard to the condition of membership. From an early period of the settlement of the town, a portion of the inhabitants had formed themselves into an ecclesiastical body and observed religious services regularly on the Sabbath. Samuel Cole, who came here in 1767, was appointed their reader, and to some degree supplied the lack of a settled minister. He was a graduate of Yale college, and for many years was very useful as an instructor of youth. At a meeting of a few of the inhabitants in- terested in the Congregational denomination early in the spring of 1771, Thomas Gustin suggested that it was a duty binding upon all to adopt immediate measures for the settlement of a minister of the gospel ; that the settlement was sufiiciently large and able to support a religious teacher ; and besides, the share of land reserved by the charter for the first settled minister would enable him to furnish himself with a portion of his subsistence, and to some ex- tent lighten the burden of the community. He urged immediate 82 HISTOKY OF CLAREMONT. action, lest this share of land should fall to some other society by a prior compliance on its part with the terms of the charter. Accordingly, at a town meeting on May 9, 1771, at the house of Thomas Jones, "warned according to law," Thomas Gustin was chosen moderator. It was Voted that we will call a Minister to come and preach the Gospel among us on Probation in order to settle in the Gospel ministry among us. Voted in the Affirmative, Thos. Gustin, Wm. Sumner, Ebenezer Skinner, Capt. B. Sumner, Jacob Rice, Joseph Wright, John Kilborn, Asaph Atwater, John Spencer, Asa Jones, Jonas Stewart, Barnabas Ellis, Joseph Ives, Joseph Hubbard, Beriah Mur- ly, Amaziah Wright, Gid'n Lewis, Timothy Dustin, and Thos. Dustin. In the Negative, Amos York, Oliver Ashley, and Moses Spaford. Capt. B. Sumner,- and Messrs Thos. Gustin, and Samuel Ashley chose a committee to call a Min- ister to settle among us. Voted to apply to Mr. Elijah Parsons to come and preach the Gospel among us on probation in order to settle with us. But if he fails to apply to Dr. Wheelock for advice who to apply to in his room. December 10th, A. D. 1771. A meeting of the inhabitants of the Town of Claremont qualified to vote in common affairs of the town, warned according to Law, at the South School House. Samuel Chase, Esq., was chosen Moderator. Voted to give Mr. George Wheaton a call, and do call Mr. George Wheaton to settle among us in the work of the Gospel Ministry agreeable to the Congrega- tional or Cambridge Platform. For encouragement for Mr. Wheaton to settle with us we do agree and vote to give Mr. Wheaton the Ministerial Right of Land given to the Town by Charter for the first settled Minister, and also Fifty Pounds Lawful Money, fifteen to be paid in money and the rest to be paid in specie for building at money price. At the same meeting voted to give Mr. Wheaton for Salary forty-five Pounds Lawful money for the first year, and to rise five Pounds pr. year until it amounts to Eighty Pounds, one half to be paid in money yearly and the rest to be paid in provision at money price, and that to be his stated salary. Moses Spafford and AVilliam Porter protested against the whole proceedings of the meeting and ordered their protest to be recorded. At the same meeting Voted to choose a Committee to present the doings of this meeting to Mr. Wheaton, and to agree with him upon the conditions above men- tioned and to make suitable return to the Town of Claremont. At the same meeting Messrs Phineas Fuller, Capt. B. Sumner, Ebenezer Skinner, and Dr. Sumner chosen a committee for the purpose aforesaid. At the same meeting Voted to adjourn this meeting to this place until next tuesday come sevenight at 10 o'clock in the morning. Met according to adjournment, Samuel Chase, Moderator. At the same meet- ing Voted to adjourn for the space of one hour to the house of Capt. B. Sum- ner. Met according to adjournment. Mr. Wheaton's answer as followeth : HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 83 To the Church of Christ and other Inhabitants of the town of Claremont: Gentlemen — Whereas you have given me a call to settle among you in the work of the Gospel Ministry, so I return you my sincere and very hearty thanks for the respect you have shown unto me herein. I have taken into serious and deliberate consideration and have been instant at the Thrown of Divine Grace for direction of Almighty God in so weighty and important a matter as that of my taking the charge of a flock, and I have also taken advice of my friends and Fathers in the Gospel Ministry. And this is to signify to you, my Christian friends, that upon a mature consid- eration I do find it my duty to accept of your call to settle among you in the work of the Gospel Ministry, and accordingly I do accept of the Proposals made unto me in your Call, both with regard to settlement and Salary. And may God in his infinite mercy grant that I may be more and more furnished and qualified for so great, arduous and glorious work, and make me a faithful minister of the new testament, not of the Letter but of the spirit, and may Grace, Mercy and Truth be multiplied to you and to all the Churches of our Lord Jesus Christ. And may we grow in Grace and in the Knowledge of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, to him be glory in the Church both now and for ever. Amen. I subscribe myself your sincere friend in Heart, and affectionate Brother in our Immanuel. George Wheaton. December 23d, 1771. If there was at that time a Congregational church organization in town, the record of it has been lost. Mr. "Wheaton, who was a native of Mansfield, Conn., was settled on the nineteenth of February, 1772. The ordination sermon was preached by Rev. Abiel Leonard, of Woodstock, Conn., the exercises being performed in the South schoolhouse, a frame building forty feet long by thirty wide, covered with rough boards, with rude benches for seats and a floor of earth. It was on Town hill, but a short distance from the residence of the late Rus- sell Jarvis. At the time of his settlement Mr. Wheaton was not in robust health. In April, 1773, such was his feeble condition that he was obliged to abandon his charge and return to the home of his father, in Norton, Mass., where he died on the twenty-fourth of the following June, at the age of twenty-two years, to have been a young man of considerable ability, and that by his 84 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. sincerity and earnestness as a pastor he had endeared himself to the people over whom he had been but for a few months. By a law then in force it was imperative upon the selectmen to take due care that tithingmen be annually chosen at the general meeting for the choice of town officers, " whereof at least two shall be in each town, and not above ten in any," whose duty it was to inspect all licensed houses, and to inform of all disorder therein committed ; and also to inform of all idle and disorderly persons, profane swearers, and Sabbath-breakers. Each was "to carry a black staiF two feet long, tip't at one end Avith brass or pewter about three inches, as a badge of their office, the same to be provided by the selectmen at the expense of the town." Either by virtue of their office or by common consent, they seem to have been invested with power to inflict punishment at once upon such as they might find engaged in any misdemeanors during public worship, or between the morn- ing and afternoon services on the Sabbath. They were vigilant and, if tradition may be relied upon, rigid in their notions of order and sobriety, especially on Sundays. On one occasion when meetings were held in the South schoolhouse, John, a son of Mr. Thomas Gustin, was obliged to "stand strate upon the bench dur- ing the singing of the last psalm, and there to remain until the meeting is dismissed and the people have left the house, for turn- ing round three times, and for not paying attention to Mr.Wheaton while he is preaching." It was not usual for the tithingmen to call out the offender, pronounce sentence upon him and put it in execution during the performance of the various exercises of public worship, but it seems it was sometimes done. The Eev. Augustine Hibbard, the second minister, was settled October 19, 1774, and dismissed December 28, 1785. By reason of his eccentricities, inconsistencies, and perhaps for other reasons for which he was not accountable, his pastorate of a little more than eleven years did not result in much good to [the people of the town. Mr. Hibbard was born in "Windham county, Conn., March 27, 1648; graduated at Dartmouth college in 1772 — being one of two students w^ho graduated there that year. It was the second year HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. 85 when degrees were conferred at that college. It is not known that he had another settlement as a minister of the gospel, after his dis- missal at Claremont. After the close of the Kevolutionary War he removed to Canada, where he officiated as magistrate for many years and was frequently employed by the government there to discbarge various duties and important trusts. He died at the home of his son. Major Hibbard, at Stanstead, Canada, on De- cember 4, 1831, at the age of eighty -three years. The most reliable account of the first meeting-house is, that a building to be used as a Congregational meeting-house was erected near what is known as the Harvey Draper place, on the road to the junction of the Sullivan and Concord & Claremont railroads in 1785 ; that in 1790 it was taken down and removed in pieces to the location of the present town-house, and there put together again, and the next year was finished inside. In 1808 the east tower and the front, or circular portion, were added. From that time until 1835, when the new Congregational meeting-house, on Pleasant street, was erected, this building was used both as a church and town-house. After that date its use for a church was abandoned, and it has since been used exclusively as a town-house. This Con- gregational meeting-house on Pleasant street was. dedicated on February 3, 1836. In 1871 it was thoroughly remodelled inside and all the pews made the common property of the society, to be rented to pay for preaching and other expenses. A fine bell was placed in the tower in April, 1874. In 1785 it was decided by vote in town meeting "that those people who call themselves Baptists pay know more rates to the Congregational order for the fewter." Originally the towns in New Hampshire were parishes for the support of the ministry established by a majority. These were generally Congregationalists, and Presbyterians, Methodists, and Baptists were taxed for the support of the Congregationalists who had created the parish. Christopher Erskine was a resident of Claremont and was liable to pay tax to support the Congregational society here. He was a Universalist, and in 1796 united with the Universalist society in 86 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Charlestown, and presented the follovviug certificate, which it was supposed would meet all the legal requirements, and relieve him from the payment of any future minister tax assessed against him in this town : Chaelestown, Feb. 19, 1796. This may certify lliat Christoplier Erskine belongs to tlie Universalist Society and contributes to tliat order. William Faewell, Elder. Recorded Feb. 23, 1796.' Notwithstanding this certificate, the selectmen — Gideon ilan- derson and Alexander Pickens — assessed Mr. Erskine $4.49, being his proportion of $300 voted to be raised by the Congregational society to support the minister in 1799. Mr. Erskine refused or neglected to pay this assessment, was arrested by the collector and thus compelled to pay. He brought suit against Messrs. Hander- son and Pickens in a plea of trespass, for compelling him, by ille- gal imprisonment, to pay this tax. The case was tried before Erancis Smith, Justice of the Peace, in March, 1801, and was de- cided in favor of the defendants. Mr. Erskine appealed to the Court of Common Pleas, the case was tried by a jury, and he re- covered $6.50, and costs, $57.34. The case was taken to the Su- preme Court on exceptions by Ilanderson and Pickens; the judg- ment of the Court of Common Pleas was reversed, and the follow- ing certificate was made by Chief Justice Olcott, which evidently refers to a case of earlier date than that of Erskine : I certify that it has been settled by the Supreme Court that persons called Universalists are not such a sect, persuasion, or denomination, as by the Con- stitution of New Hampshire are exempt from the payment of taxes for the sup- port of a regularly settled minister of a Congregational Society in the town where such person lives. And I think that in establishing this practice the court were unanimous. Simeon Olcott. April ye Sd, 1801. The New Hampshire legislature, in June, 1805, took this action : A resolve that all the people of this State known by the name of Universalists be and they are hereby recognized as a distinct religious sect or denomination •Records ot Claremont. HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 87 from any other, and are entitled to all the privileges and immunities which any other denomination is entitled to by the Constitution and laws of said State, was brought up, read and concurred, presented and approved. There was no settled pastor from the time of Mr. Hibbard's dismission until March 9, 1796, when John Tappan was ordained. He was dismissed in 1802. He was excommunicated from the •church the following year, entered mercantile life, and remained in town until his death, which occurred October 1, 1837, at the age of 68 years. He was a native of East Kingston, Mass., and graduated at Harvard College in 1790. From the following record on the town books it would seem that there was consid- erable opposition to Mr. Tappan's settlement as a minister over the Congregational society. Be it known to all whom it may concern, that we the subscribers, Inhab- itants of the Town of Claremont in the County of Cheshire & State of New Hampshire, do hereby express our dissent against paying or contributing towards the support of Mr. John Tappan as Minister of the Congregational Society in said town of Claremont. December 18th, 1795. Reuben Pettkt, Keuben Pettey, Jun'r. Recorded Dec'r 22d, 1795. A similar dissent, dated January 9, 1796, signed James Stro- bridge, was recorded the. day of its date. At a town meeting held June 9, 1794, Elihu Stevens was chosen agent to present a petition to the G-eneral Court for an act to incorporate the Congregational Society of Claremont,. and to attend to the same as action might require. An act was passed by both branches of the legislature and presented to the •Governor, John Taylor Gilman, for his approval. June 18, 1794, he vetoed the bill for the reason, as set forth in his message to the legislature, that The bill purports that the society may hold real and personal estate to the amount of three hundred pounds neat yearly income, but for what purpose is not expressed. Also, The bill purports that they may consider persons coming of age, or moving into town as belonging to this society which has the appearance of givmg pre- 88 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. ference to them when compared to the other society of said Claremont incor- porated by an act passed February 19, 1794. That it expressly authorizes them to tax persons moving into town or coming of age, but no mention is made of taxing the society. That the bill does not appear to the Governor to be per- fectly consistent with the sixth article of the bill of Rights. This society was not incorporated until June 20, 1815, when an act was passed and approved by Governor Gilman, granting to Josiah Stevens, Samuel Fiske, David Dexter, Thomas Warner, Gideon Handerson and their associates, and those who may here- after associate with them, by the name and style of the Congre- gational Society in Claremont, all the powers, jOTvileges, and immunities incident to corporations of a similar nature. Eor about two years from August, 1803, Eev. Elijah Brainerd was acting pastor. Under him the church was reorganized by the adoption of more explicit articles of faith and covenant, and rules of discipline. The members of the church were enrolled for the first time, so far as appears, in 1804. The names of sixteen male members and twenty female members are recorded at that time. Kev. Stephen Farley was installed December 24, 1806. His pas- torate closed April 4, 1819. The " Church Manual," published in 1879, says : The first marked revival occurred in 1816 ; as a result fifty-four were added to the church on profession of faith in that j'ear. This work of grace, however, brought no peace. The pastor's attitude in relation to it was not satisfactory to those most active in promoting it, and he seems not to have enjoyed the confi- dence of the new converts. The result was divisions in the church, and a pain- ful want of harmony between the church and society, the latter sympathizing strongly with the pastor. During the years 1819 and 1820, no new members were received. Not long after his dismission Mr. Farley became openly a Unitarian. He lived at Amesbury, Mass., several years, and died there Sept. 26, 1851, at the age of 72 years. The Claremont Congregational Society was formed February 20, 1806, and held its first meeting June 9 of that year. Up to this time parish meetings were called by the selectmen of the town, and the records kept by the town clerk. " The Congregational Society of Claremont" was incorporated June 20, 1815. HISTORY OF CLAUBMONT. 89 " The society took the lead in calling the next pastor, Eev. Jona- than Nye. He received and accepted the society's call in the au- tumn of 1820. But it was not until the May following that the church was prevailed upon to accept him, and then not without many misgivings. He was installed June 6, 1821, not, however, to enjoy a quiet ministry. Those were days of discipline in more than a single sense, of which the aged speak with sorrow. The misgivings of the church proved to he too well founded. Mr. l^ye was dismissed in 1828." Tradition has it that after Mr. Nye was dismissed from his pas- torate, charges were preferred against him as an unworthy member of the church, and he was subjected to a trial of considerable length. The charges seemed to have been substantiated by proof, and Mr. Nye was called upon for any answer which he might have to make. He arose, and in a very cool and respectful manner said, in sub- stance, that he had listened very attentively to the proceedings, and while doing so it had occurred to him that if he was to be turned out of the church, it might be necessary for him to join it first. The fact was that he had never been admitted as a member of the Congregational church. Mr. Nye is represented as a man of imposing appearance, an attrac- tive and impressive speaker, and especially gifted in prayer. He had political aspirations, was representative in the legislature in 1825, state senator in 1827, and postmaster for several years. He held high offices in the Masonic fraternity, and was in many ways a prominent character in this section. He was more respected for his talents than for his private virtues. He died at Fort Madison, Iowa, April 1, 1843. Difficulty arose again in the choice of a new minister. In a meeting of the society forty-two votes were cast in favor of calling Mr. Moses Thomas, a Unitarian, and but forty-four against. Mr. Elijah Paine was finally called by the church with the concurrence of the society, and ordained April 1, 1829. His ministry was marked by earnest, evangelical preaching, and eighty were added to the church on profession of faith in 1830 and 1831. Strong 90 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. & ground was taken in the cause of temperance. It was voted in 1833, " That this Church admit no more members to her Commun- ion as regular members, unless they first sign a pledge to abstain from all use of ardent spirits as a beverage." Mr. Paine was dis- missed IsTov. 14, 1833. Eev. Tertius D. Southworth was installed June 18, 1834. A Mr. Burchard was laboring as a revivalist at this period with neighbor- ino- churches. Mr. Southworth was opposed to his methods, and this was thought to have hastened the termination of his pastorate, which occurred July 31, 1838. The following is an extract from the will of Joel Richards, exe- cuted July 5, 1837, soon after which he died : I o-ive and devise one-third part of my real and personal estate to the Congre- o-ational Church and Society in said Claremont, as a permanent fund, the inter- est of which is to be appropriated and used in the delivering occasionally a course of Lectures to said Church and Society on the following subjects, to wit : " The doctrine oi Divine decrees and personal election," " The doctrine of total depravity of the human heart," "The necessity of a change of heart by the gracious operations of the holy spirit," and "On the errors of Popery." The said lectures to be under the regulation of the deacons of said church, according to their best discretion to effect the greatest good in said Cliurch and Society in relation to the subjects and doctrines above mentioned. And I do hereby authorize and empower my executor hereafter named, if he think proper, to give a good and sufficient deed or deeds, lease or leases, or other conveyance of any real estate I may be possessed of at my decease, and convert the same into per- sonal estate to be paid over to legatees according to the terms of this Will. The donation last mentioned to remain in the hands of my executor hereafter named, he paying the interest annually to the said deacons of the Church, to be laid out as above mentioned, and giving satisfactory bonds to said Congregational Society for the security of said donation. And I do constitute and appoint James H. Bingham of said Claremont the executor of tliis Will, whose duty it shall be to pay over the two first mentioned bequests in one year from my decease. (Signed.) Joel Richards. Witnesses — Thomas B. Kittredge. William A. Howard. Luther Averill. There is no available record as to the compliance with the terms of this bequest, or of the disposition of the funds derived from it. HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 91 Mr. Southworth is represented to have been an upright, con- scientious man and able preacher, and his dismission was regretted by many. Subsequently he was for many years pastor of Dr. Em- mons's church, at Franklin, Mass. B,ev. Robert F. Lawrence was installed January 16, 1839. His labors seemed to be crowned with success, and more than forty were added to the church in that year. In 1842, in union meet- ings, the whole town was moved, and forty-one were added to this church. Another revival occurred in 1853. In 1840 twenty-eight members of the church, many of whom were thought to be good Christians, were suspended from church privileges, on account of their having subscribed to a " covenant of Christians, who, irrespective of religious denominations, decide on cultivating unitedly holiness of heart and a millennial spirit." Some were subsequently restored, but thirteen were finally excom- municated September 15, 1841. Mr. Lawrence's ministry contin- ued until January 24, 1863, twenty-four years. This was Mr. Lawrence's last settlement in the gospel ministry, though he preached occasionally as a supply. He was born at Moria, K Y., August 9, 1810; graduated at Middlebury, Vt, col- lege, in 1832; was ordained in 1834, and' preached at "Westport and Gouverneur, N. Y., until his settlement in Claremont. He pre- pared with much care a book, " The New Hampshire Churches," comprising histories of the Congregational and Presbyterian churches in this state, which was published in 1856. He was es- pecially interested in the cause of temperance, and delivered and published a course of lectures upon that subject. He also deliv -ered and published a course of lectures to youth. He died at Albany, IST. Y., on October 20, 1886, and his wife, with whom his whole married life had been passed, survived him but three days. The funeral of both took place at the same time, from Union church, Boston. Rev. Edward W. Clark was installed February 25, 1864, and on account of failing health was dismissed June 10, 1870. Mr. Clark's adopted son. Rev. Francis E. Clark, of Boston, was the founder 92 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. of the Society of Christian Endeavor, and is president of the United society. Eev. Levi Rodgers was ordained and installed pastor October 19, 1871. Mr. Eodgers resigned April 10, and was dismissed May 5, 1880. He was settled for a time at Georgetown, Mass., and is now at Greenwich, Conn. Rev. A. J. McGown was called April 19, 1881 ; installed pastor ISTovember 10, 1881 ; resigned on account of the death of his wife, September 24, 1882 ; dismissed October 24, 1882. He is now settled at Amherst, IST. H. In February, 1874, Mrs. Oscar J. Brown, a member of the church, raised by subscription over eleven hundred dollars to pay for a bell, which was placed in the tower of the meeting-house^ and rung first for the state Fast Day services, April 9 of the same year. Her husband subscribed one hundred dollars, and was fol- lowed by George N. Farwell and Edward L. Goddard, with the same sum each. The balance was contributed in smaller amounts. Rev. Frank P. Tompkins was called to the pastorate December 26, 1882, and was installed June 19,1883; dismissed September^ 1888 ; settled at Hamilton, E". Y., for a time. The Rev. Edgar L. Warren was called in November, 1888, com- menced his labors the first of January, and was ordained on Feb- ruary 4, 1889, the Rev. William J. Tucker, D. D., of Andover, Mass., preaching the sermon. Mr. Warren resigned, and his resignation took effect September 1, 1893. Rev. John B. Lawrence, who came from ISTorwalk, Conn., com- menced his pastorate December 22, 1898. The whole number of living members of the church, enrolled September 1, 1893, 212; whole number since its first organi- zation, 1188. Twelve members of this church entered the Congregational min- istry, viz : George Fargo, David Wright, Manning Ellis, Henry Jones, James McEwen, Seth Farnsworth, Simeon Goss, Henry Chapin, Edward Greeley, Ira Case, Joseph Rowell, and Lyman White. REV. ROBERT F. LAWRENCE. CHAPTEE VIII. EPISCOPAL CHURCH. On the twenty-eighth of April, 1769, a memorial of the inhab- itants of Claremont, addressed to the "Eeverend Clergy of the Church of England and Missionaries of the venerable S. P. G. F. P., to be convened at New Milford, in the Colony of Connecticut in Trinity week," and signed by Abel Bachelor, Her. Rice, Micah Potter, Cornelius Brooks, Benjamin Tyler, Ebenezer Price, Daniel "Warner, Levi Warner, Asa Leet, Benjamin Brooks, Benjamin Brooks, Jr., and Benjamin Rice, it was represented that The land here is exceedingly burdened with timber, which renders the cultiva- tion of it very laborious. However, the little of it we have brought under cul- tivation is abundantly fruitful, so that (God willing) most of the necessaries of life will be plentiful. That some of us have numerous families of small children fit for schooling. The number of children under 16 years of age is 35. There are about two families of dissenters to one of ours. We are grieved at the thought of having them brought up in ignorance, and dread their becoming a prey to enthusiasts and being carried away by every wind of doctrine. We believe a good school lays the foundation for a sober, godly and righteous life ; and since Samuel Cole, Esq., has been much employed in keeping school and is an inhabitant and proprietor among us (whose character and qualifications some of you know well), we humbly desire you would be pleased to represent our state to the venerable Society, and endeavor that he may be appointed Catechist and Schoolmaster among us a few years till we have got over the first difficul- ties and hardships of a wild, uncultivated country. During the two years preceding the date of this memorial the -population had largely increased. The accessions were mainly Congregationalists, and that continued to be the rule in after years. The first minister of the Episcopal church, who is known to have 94 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. officiated here, was the Rev. Samuel Peters, of Hebron, Conn. He was a missionary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, and several years subsequently M-as chosen Bishop of the Diocese of Vermont, though never consecrated. As early as 1768, he made an extensive missionary tour through Vermont, and, in the fall of 1770, he visited the towns along the Connecticut river, both in New Hampshire and Vermont. Of the latter journey he gave the following account : Upon the tenth of September I left Hebron, taking my clerk with me. We arrived among the poor immigrants upon the sixteenth of said month. The bank of the west side of the river is in the government of New York, lately taken from New Hampshire government — a territory now sufficient for two large counties, viz: Cumberland and Gloucester; the latter having only one independent teacher (poor enough), the former without any kind of a teacher. Yet in both counties are several thousand souls, who live without the means of grace, destitute of knowledge, laden down with ignorance and covered with poverty. On the east side of the river are many settlements begun, whose inhabitants much resemble their neighbors in every uncomfortable prop- erty. Among these people I spent four weeks, traveling from place to place, preaching and baptizing, the people being careful to attend divine ser- vice, many waiting for a clergyman to reside among them, viz : in the towns of Claremont, Strafford, Thetford, Moretown, Windsor, Orford, Haverhill, and being so nigh one another that one clergyman might accommodate the whole." There is no mention in this narrative of his having organized the church in Claremont at that time. In an article in the " Churchman's Magazine," of August, 1805, it is stated that " this church was organized by the Rev. Samuel Peters, in or about the year 1771," and in the documentary history of the church of Vermont it is positively asserted that in " 1771 he was on mission- ary duty in the western part of New Hampshire and organized the church in Claremont." The first record of a parish or vestry meeting in this town is as follows : November, 1773. Being the first Vestry-meeting holden after the Rev. Ranna Cossitt returned from England with Holy orders, at which Samuel Cole, Esq., was appointed clerk; Captain Benjamin Brooks and Lieutenant Benjamin Tyler were chosen wardens; Daniel Warner, Asa Leet and Ebenezer E'ee were chosen vestrymen. UNION CHURCH, WEST CLAREMONT. HISTOKY OP CLAREMONT. 95 The late Kev. Isaac G. Hubbard, D. D., then rector of Trinity Church, Claremont, in an historical address, delivered at Union Church, West Claremont, on the occasion of the centenary of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Claremont, September 27, 1871, and from which address much of our data is derived, said : The discouragements and privations attending tlie position of a missionary over such an outpost in the wilderness may readily be conceived. They must have been great enough in periods of ordinary quietness, for his people were struggling, with small resources, under the necessity of lifting off, before they could mark the ground from which to derive their support, the burden of a dense forest, the growth of centuries. They had, also, tirst to pay their rate or tax, as did all the jieople of the town, for the support of the Congregational order. Mr. Cossitt, said Dr. Hubbard, Was surrounded by constantly increasing numbers who were hostile to their faith and worship, which he was commissioned to uphold and defend. And, as for support for himself and family (to say nothing of the luxuries with which ministers, in those days, were in no danger of being pampered), he might pray for his daily bread, but, so far as human eye could see or human help appeared, the prospect was very dismal. We find, in the records, no mention, at the time of his settlement, of any salary beyond the sum of thirty pounds sterling allowed him as a missionary by the venerable society. But in 1777, at the Easter meeting';iit " w^as agreed by the Vestry to give the Rev. Ranna Cossitt thirty pounds lawful money for preaching the last year." This proved too heavy a burden, and in 1778 they " agreed to give Mr. Cossitt fifteen povmds for the year ensuing." In January, 1771, they " agreed with the Rev. Ranna Cossitt to ,^ive him thirty pounds for a year ending at Christmas, allowing him four Sundays to visit vacant churches. And the Rev. Ranna Cossitt agrees to throw by all other business and apply himself to the work of the ministry." This probably continued to be his salary until he left. The support, however, proved inadequate, with the utmost econ- omy, to protect him from the galling bondage of debt. An anec- dote is related of him, which appears authentic, and which I give as showing'the power of patient endurance to develop a noble magnanimity. He had given his note to a prominent man and 96 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. landholder in town, to an amount about equal to his j^early income. He had already paid some small installments upon the note, . together with the interest, when, one day, his creditor called upon him and demanded the whole amount. Mr. Cossitt replied that it was out of his power to pay any portion of it immediately, but that when his salary became due he would pay a definite sum, which he named. This answer was not satisfactory; the whole sum must be paid at the time mentioned. The minister replied that it would be impossible. He must reserve enough to buy bread for his family. " Unless you promise to pay me then" said the creditor, " I shall sue you at once, and take all you have." " You can do that," he answered. " You can attach my furniture, my library, and my horse ; you can confine me in jail. But you will not obtain nearly enough from my efiiects to satisfy your claims, and you will put it out of my power, not only to support myself and those dependent upon me, but to redeem my pledge to you, which, God being my helper, shall certainly be fulfilled in a rea- sonable time." But the creditor clung to the pound of fiesh, and, as he departed, he loudly proclaimed his intention to bring an exe- cution that very night. Seeing him inexorable, and blank ruin staring him in the face, the good man went to the door and called back the hard usurer, and said, " My friend, if you are determined to carry out this purpose you will need your note. When you were here to get the last payment which is indorsed on it, you inad- vertently left it on my table. I have kept it safely. Here it is, sir." It is hardly necessary to say that the note was not sued, and that the minister took his own time in which to pay it. But greater trials than these awaited both minister and people. " We can hardly estimate aright at this distant day, and in the midst of circumstances so greatly changed, the position in which churchmen found themselves at the breaking out of the Revolu- tionary War. The period of religious toleration had not arrived, and the spirit of the ancient contests, which had raged for cen- turies" in the Old World, and in a measure spent their force, was here revived in all its intense bigotry and malignity. It was not REV. ISAAC HUBBARD, D. D. HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 97 the fear of such men as Samuel Cole and Eanna Cossitt, in a civil point of view, that led to their cruel persecution and abuse. Doubtless they were loyal to the government, and most warmly attached to the Church of England. But they were peaceable, law-abiding men. There was no treachery or sedition in them. Their own principles taught them to obey the powers that be. While the great struggle was going on they could not be hired or driven to take up arms against the King, neither would they take up arms, nor plot nor conspire against the lives and hap- piness of their fellow citizens. They desired to remain quiet and await the decision of Providence. And when that decision came, if it were adverse to their hopes, they would be as faithful and obedient to the new government as they had been to the old. " The speaker is not attempting to defend their political position. His own ancestors, though churchmen, were on the other side. The blood of a Revolutionary soldier flows in his veins, and he has been nurtured from infancy on the bread of liberty. It was not incompatible with church principles to espouse the cause of the Republic. When the civil power was shaken, under which they had reposed in safety, when the Provincial Governor had fled to the northern dominions of the Crown, then the storm broke on their defenseless heads." Dr. Hubbard read two letters, the flrst from Col. John Peters to his brother, the Rev. Samuel Peters, in London, and the other from the Rev. Ranna Cossitt. Colonel Peters's letter was dated Quebec, July 20, 1778, and was as follows : Rev. Dr. Wheelock, President of Dartmouth College, in New Hampshire, in conjunction with Deacon Bayley, Mr. Morey, and Mr. Hurd, all justices of the peace, put an end to the Church of England in this State, so early as 1775. They seized me, Capt. Peters, and all the judges of Cumberland and Gloucester, the Kev. Mr. Cossitt and Mr. Cole, and all the Church people for 200 miles up the river (Connecticut), and confined us in close goals, after beating and drawing us through water and mud. Here we lay some time and were to .continue in prison until we abjured the king and signed the league and cove- nant. Many died; one of which was Capt. Peters' son. We were removed from the goal and confined in private houses at our own expense. Capt. Peters 98 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. and myself were guarded by twelve rebel soldiers, while sick in bed, and we paid dearly for this honor ; and others fared in like manner. I soon recovered from my indisposition, and took the first opportunity and fled to Canada, leaving Cossitt, Cole, Peters, Willis, Porter, Sumner, Paptin, etc., in close confinement, where they had misery, insults, and sickness enough. My flight was in 1776, since which my family arrived at Montreal, and inform me that many priso- ners died; that Capt. Peters had been tried by court-martial and ordered to be shot for refusing to lead his company against the King's troops. He was after- wards reprieved, but still in goal, and that he was ruined both in health and property ; that Cossitt and Cole were alive when they came away, but were under confinement, and had more insults than any of the loyalists, because they had been servants of the Society, which, under pretense (as the rebels say) of propagating religion, had propagated loyalty, in opposition to the liberties of America. Mr. Cossitt's letter to the secretary of the Society for the Propa- .gation of the Gospel, was as follows : New York, June 6, 1779. I arrived in this city last Sunday, by permission, with a flag, and am to return in a few days. I trust the Society cannot be unacquainted with the persecutions the loyalists have endured in Kew England. I have been by the committee confined as prisoner, in the town of Claremont, ever since the 12th of April, 1775; yet God has preserved my life from the people. I have con- stantly kept up public service, without any omissions, for the King and royal family, and likewise made use of the prayer for the high court of parliament, and the prayer to be used in time of war and tumults; have administered the Lord's Supper on evei-y first Sunday in the month, except two Sundays that we could not procure any wine. The numbers of my parishioners and commu- nicants in Claremont are increased, but I have been cruelly distressed with fines for refusing entirely to fight against the King. In sundry places where I used to oflBciate, the church people are all dwindled away. Some have fled to the King's army for protection; some were banished; and many died." ITotwithstanding these persecutions, many of the most promi- nent inhabitants of Claremont sought the society and communion of the Episcopal church. Among these were Benjamiu Sumner, Daniel Dodge, John Marsh, John Marsh, Jr., John and Ichabod Hitchcock, James Steel, Bill Barnes, Joseph ISTorton, Abner Cole, Asa Jones, Timothy Grannis, William McCoy, Daniel Curtis, Ab- ner Meiu-srs, and Ambrose Cossitt — sixteen families. O X o 2 u- O Di g E UJ H Z. HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 9!? In 1785 the Eev. Eanna Cossitt left this church and was ap- pointed missionarj' at Sidney, in the island of Cape Breton, where he remained until his death, in 1815. Union church was erected in 1773, two years before the war. It was built according to a plan furnished by Gov. John Went- worth. The master carpenter was Ebenezer Rice. The Governor promised to furnish the glass and nails when the work had reached a certain point. He also pledged them a good bell and organ. But the state of the country compelled him to flee before his promise was fulfilled. It also interrupted the work of building. Only the frame was erected and the roof and outer boarding" put on, the floor laid, and some temporary arrangements made for holding service in it in summer. And so it remained until August, 1789, when, according to a previous vote, twenty-five pews were sold in order to purchase the nails and glass where- with to finish it. The frame of the church, constructed of the mighty forest trees then abundant, is exceedingly heavy and pow- erful, made of the strongest and best kinds of timber. It is said that on one occasion, in the early part of the present century, a tornado swept over the country while the people were assembled for divine worship. Among them was a Mr. Dodge, who had been employed as a carpenter when the frame was raised. He was a very large and strong man and had a seat near the door. When the trees began to fall about the building, many were greatly alarmed, and rushed for the door, where they found Mr. Dodge defending the passage, denying all egress, and with his- brawny arm pushing back the crowd, saying : " I know this frame, No wind can demolish it. Your only safety lies in keeping- beneath its shelter." I may as well mention here that the tower and belfry were added in the year 1800, and the whole church was re-covered, except the north side and part of the east end,, and the entire exterior was painted. A bell weighing six hundred and eighty-two pounds was procured and hung in 1806, and an organ, whose whistling pipes were the wonder of our childhood, was subsequently placed in the gallery. In 1820 an addition of 100 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. twenty feet was made at the east end of the church, to accom- modate the increased congregation. The original size of the church was fifty feet in width, and one hundred in length, with posts twenty feet high. After the departure of the Rev. Mr. Cossitt the church contin- ued vacant several years, but the services were kept up by lay reading. Mr. Ebenezer Rice was chosen to keep the records, and also to read prayers and sermons, with liberty to call in what as- sistance he should think proper. In 1784 the town voted to lay out four acres for the use and ben- efit of the Episcopal church, commonly called the Church of Eng- land, for a churchyard, including the ground on which the church now stands. In 1785, a service for the Holy Communion was pro- cured, of pewter, which continued to be used until another of more valuable material was presented by Hon. S. Kingsbury and Mr. Pustin in 1822. In 1787, an agreement was made with Mr. Abra- ham Towmlinson, a clergyman, as I suppose, to read prayers and preach for a term of seven months, from the eighth of September to the next Easter. July 14, 1785. It was voted to send letters to the clergy of Con- necticut for better satisfaction about their connection with Bishop Seabury. " October, 1785. Voted, to choose Mr. Bill Barnes to represent the Church of Claremont at the adjourned convention to be holden at Boston on the twenty-sixth of October inst. Voted to send our united thanks to the convention for taking pains to send us their doings. Voted a concurrence with their progress." "April 28, 1791. Voted not to accede to the constitution formed at Boston. Voted to adopt the doings or alterations of the Book of Common Prayer as proposed at Philadelphia." In 1788 an arrange- ment was made with the Rev. Solomon Blakeslee to ofliciate as minister of the church, on a salary of fifty-two pounds, with the use of the glebe, together with the rents then due thereon. Mr. Blakeslee is represented as an eloquent preacher, of easy address and exemplary conduct, possessing an unusual faculty for attracting people to him and the church. Such was his influence HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 101 that thirty families from the Congregational society conformed to the Episcopal church in one day. Mr, Blakeslee, at his own re- quest, obtained a dismission in 1791, and removed to East Had- dam, Conn. In the town records of 1796 are certificates of the following gen- tlemen, most of whom professed to have united with the Episcopal church, protesting against paying any more taxes for the support of the Eev. John Tappan, then minister of the Congregational society, viz : Elisha Sheldon, Francis Chase, John Cotton, Peter Russell, Benj, Swett, "Walter Ainsworth, Matthias Stone, Jonathan Emerson, John Stone, Asa Dunsmore, Samuel Atkins, Joseph Wilson, Abel Dustin, Jonathan Shaw, Jr., Nicholas Carey, Christopher York, Josiah Rich, Stephen Barber, Roger Philips, and Lemuel Dean. Petition for Incorporation of Episcopal society, and proceed- ings thereon, being verbatim copy from Town Papers of JSTew Hampshire, Vol. XI, pages 382 and 383 : To The honorable the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court con' vened Humbly shew Benjamin Sumner & Ebenezer Rice — Members of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Claremont in the County of Cheshire that said Church has laboured under many and great inconveniences for want of an incorporation, they there- fore pray your honors to incorporate said society by law and make them a body politic capable of receiving and holding property both real and personal and to have and enjoy all the privileges and immunities belonging to a cor- porate body, and as in duty bound will ever pray Claremont December 26th 1793 Benj'a Sumner ") In behalf of the Ebenezer Rice j Church State of New | ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ Representatives Jan'y 21 1794 Hampshire ) ^ Upon reading and considering the foregoing petition & the report of a Com- mittee thereon. Voted that the prayer thereof be granted and that the Petition- ers have leave to bring in a Bill accordingly Sent up for concurrence Nath'l Peabody Speaker In Senate the same Day Read & ConcuiTed Nath'l Parker Dep''y Sec^y 102 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. In the year 1794 this church was incorporated by act of the New Hampshire legislature, with the name of Union Church. The records show that a parish meeting was warned for May 13, 1794, '■'■ to take into consideration a proposition made to them by the Con- gregational people to join with them in hiring Mr. Whiting to be the minister for both Cotigregationalists and Episcopalians." Mr. Whiting was a Congregational minister. At the meeting referred to it was voted that they would join with the Congregational peo- ple, provided they could agree upon the terms. Then it was voted to choose seven men as a committee to meet the other committee. ^' Chose Messrs. Bill Barnes, Ebenezer Rice, Ambrose Cossitt, David Dodge, Sanford Kingsbury, John W. Russell, and Captain George Hubbard. Voted to authorize them to hire Mr. Whiting to offici- ate for such term as they should agree upon, as a candidate for settlement over the whole town, on the following conditions, viz: 1st, That he receive Episcopal ordination, (as he had done Con- gregational), and 2d, That he officiate alternately at the church and at the meeting-house. That on these terms this society will agree that Mr. Whiting be settled over the whole town, and that the town reap the benefit of the public lands belonging to the church so long as he continues to be our minister." The meeting was adjourned to the twentieth of May. It then met and heard the report of the committee, which was, in substance, that the Congregational society would not comply with the terms. The Rev. Daniel Barber became rector of this church in 1795, and continued as such until 1818. He was a native of Simsbury, Conn., the birthplace of Bishop Griswold. Mr. Barber was born and educated a Congregationalist. He was ordained by Bishop Seabury at Middletown, Conn., October 29, 1786. He is reported to have been an eccentric character, doing and saying many queer things, and quite wanting in dignity. It is due to him to say, how- ever, that he kept the church together for many years, and that it increased very considerably under his ministry. The rectorship of Mr. Barber ended disastrously to himself. In 1817 his son, Virgil H. Barber, who had already been ordained HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 103 both deacon and priest, joined the Eoman Catholic church. Soon the father confessed that he had embraced the Eoman Catholic faith, began to use his influence in favor of that church, and to try to unsettle the minds of the people. While Mr. Barber still re- mained rector — but rumors having arisen respecting his defection, and not a little dissatisfaction existing in consequence — at a meet- ing called for this purpose expressly, on September 29, 1818, it was " Voted that the Eev. James B. Howe be hired to preach among us for such time as he will agree to, not exceeding one year." 'So- vember 12, 1818, " Voted to dismiss the Eev. Daniel Barber from the rectorship." April 19, 1819, called the Eev. James B. Howe to the rectorship, on a salary of seven hundred dollars. Mr. Barber remained with his son, Virgil H., a few years, and then went to Connecticut, from there to Georgetown, D. C, where his daughter-in-law and two granddaughters were in a convent, and died at Saint Inigoes, Md., in 1834, at the age of seventy-eight years. The building nearly opposite Union church, intended for a church, school, and dwelling, erected by Virgil H. Barber, with the aid of means famished by Catholic friends in Canada, was begun in 1823, and completed a few years later. There services were held regularly on the Sabbath, and during the week a school, which was quite largely attended by sons of his father's former parishioners, and students from distant parts, was kept up for sev- eral years, and was occupied by the Catholics for religious services until 1866. Dr. Hubbard says that Virgil H. Barber's efforts here were " without fruits so far as conversions to Eomanism were con- cerned, the only family from this church, I believe, that followed Mr. Barber in his apostacy was that of Mr. Noah Tyler, whose wife was a sister of Mr. Barber. The son of Mr. Tyler, William, became a Eoman Catholic bishop, and the daughter, Eosetta, the Lady Superior of a nunnery. Sauford Spaukling, also, who had married an Irish woman, concluded to join his wife, and two ladies by the name of Alden went to the Eoman Catholic church." " The Eev. James B. Howe, who succeeded Mr. Barber, was born 104 HISTORY OF CLARBMONT, in Dorchester, Mass. He had been a successful classical teacher io Boston for some years previous to his ordination, which took place not long before his call to this parish. He was recommended by the Eev. Dr. Eaton, the venerable and excellent rector of Christ's' Church, Boston. About the time he assumed the rectorship, a large, round, brick building, erected by a sort of ecclesiastical union, in which I believe Universalism was the predominant ele- ment, standing on the present site of Trinity church, Olaremont village, was purchased as a chapel by Union church, and therein, during the greater part of Mr. Howe's ministry, services were held alternately, one Sunday in this church, and the next in Trinity chapel. Mr. Howe was a man of very difl'erent quality from his predecessor. He was truly a gentleman of the old school. Like Bishop Griswold, he continued to wear, as long as he lived, the long stockings and short clothes of the olden time. He was open, frank, hearty, courteous, sincere, true to his convictions of duty, earnest in his religious feelings. In short, he was a man to win the confidence and affection of his people. Until the unfortunate strife arose as to the rights and interests between the two parts of the parish, in which, from his position and residence, he was neces- sarily involved, no parish was more united or more cordially attached to their rector. There may have been individual excep- tions, but they were rare. I believe that those who in the heat of controversy were bitterly opposed to him, will now, when these feelings have subsided, be ready to acknowledge his good qualities, his high-minded and noble Christian character. Verj' soon after he commenced his ministry a large number of persons, headed by Colonel Josiah Stevens, a deacon in the Congregational societj', joined this parish. I find the names of over forty men, mostly heads of families, residing in or near Claremont village, enrolled in 1819 among the voters in the parish meeting. The first con- firmation during the rectorship, September 14, 1819, numbered forty-six. In 1824 this parish came into possession of a fund amounting to over five thousand five hundred dollars, devised by will of Major Oliver Ashley, one of the original proprietors of the TRINITY CHURCH. REV. HENRY S. SMITH. \ HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 105 town. The income of this fund was given for the support of a clergyman of this church. Thus this church, with the Ashley fund and the income of church lands, was provided with the means of abundant self-support, amounting to more than eight hundred dollars." There were local and other causes which finally resulted in a division of the parish. Mr. Howe's connection with the contro- versy which preceded the division was such that the last years of his rectorship were made very unpleasant for him, and unprofitable for the church. He was dismissed peremptorily by the majority, who sympathized with the western portion of the parish, because they supposed him to sympathize wholly with the village portion, and, after a hearing before the standing committee of the diocese, he was advised, on certain conditions, to resign. A new parish was formed in the village, and the Rev. Henry S. Smith was called as assistant to the rector of Union church parish, and began his ser- vices there after Easter in 1838, ofiiciating alternately there and in Trinity church, Cornish, and so continued four years. After the resignation of Mr. Howe, Mr. Smith was elected rector of Union church, which he held twenty-nine years, ending in 1871. He re- signed on account of his age. Rev. W. B. T. Smith, son of the Rev. Henry S. Smith, was rec- tor from June 23, 1872, to June 23, 1876. Rev. Isaac Gr. Hubbard, J). D., was rector from October, 1876, until his death, March 30, 1878. Rev. W. B. T. Smith was again rector from 1880 until No- vember 16, 1884. Rev. W. W. Campbell was rector from June, 1885, to July 1, 1888. Rev. Joseph 6. Ticknor became rector June 1, 1889. TRINITY CHURCH. The subject of a division of Union parish, and the establishment of a church at the village having been agitated for some time, at a special meeting at Union church, August 26, 1843, it was "Voted that the wardens are hereby authorized and directed in the name of Union church, to convey by assignment of lease or otherwise, all the right, title and interest of Union church, and all privileges 106 HISTORy OF CLAREMONT. and appurtenances thereof, to Trinity church in Claremont, in pur- suance of an article in the warrant." On September 20, 1843, the parish of Trinity church, Clare- mont, was duly organized. Thirty-seven gentlemen, at that time, signed the articles of association ; others signed at later dates. September 30, of the same year, having adopted a code of by-laws, the parish proceeded to elect the following officers ; James P. Brewer, clerk; Charles M. Bingham and Lewis Perry, wardens; Philander C. Freeman, James M. Gates, Josiah Richards, David W. Dexter, and Charles Mitchell, vestrymen ; John W. Tappan, treasurer; Thomas Leland, delegate to the special convention of the diocese, at Concord, October 4, 1843. It was then "Voted, That the "Wardens of this Church procure, if they think practica- ble, from Union church, a conveyance of Trinity Chapel and the land and all the appurtenances belonging to the same, to Trinity church." April 8, 1844, P. C. Freeman was appointed by the parish meeting " an agent to attend to the transfer of Trinity Church, from the members of Union Church, Claremont, IST. H." The transfer was made prior to June 26, 1844. According to the "History of the Eastern Diocese," Trinity church was received into union with the Diocese of IsTew Hamp- shire, at the special convention at Concord, October 4, 1843, and its delegates took part in the election of the Rev. Carlton Chase, D. D., bishop. The Rev. Eleazer A. Creenleaf officiated at Trinity church from ISTovember, 1843, to Easter, 1844. On December 30, 1843, at a special meeting of the parish of Trinity church, the following res- olution was offered by Thomas Leland, Esq., and was unanimously adopted : Resolved, As the sense of this Society, that the Wardens and Vestry of this parish be instructed to invite the Rev. Carlton Chase, D. D., to become Rector of said parish, and to make such contract for his salary as they may think for the best interest of the Society. And, in case he accepts of such a call, to make all other arrangements proper for raising means for his salai-y, and for his institution as rector." Dr. Chase accepted the rectorship of Trinity church, and entered HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 107 upon its duties at Easter, 1844. His salary from the parish was five hundred dollars. At the annual convention in June, 1844, he reported sixty families, three baptisms and eighty-four com- municants. The old Trinity chapel, after having been used for the church service thirty-four years, vs^as taken down in the early part of 1852. The corner-stone of the present edifice, on the same site, was laid on June 16, 1852, by Bishop Chase, assisted by the Rev. Henry S. Smith, rector of Union church, Olaremont, and the Rev. Marcellus A. Herrick, rector of St. James church, Woodstock, Vt. Under the corner-stone the following-named articles were deposited : 1. Printed copies of the journals of the diocese of New Hamp- shire from 1843 to 1851, inclusive. 2. A list of the communicants of Trinity church from its organ- ization in September, 1843, to June, 1852 — the whole number being one hundred and seventy-two. 3. One number each of three religious newspapers published severally on or near the twelfth of June, 1852, to wit : The " Church- man," " The Christian Witness and Advocate," and " The Cal- endar." 4. One number each of the newspapers published in Claremont village — the "National Eagle," and the "Northern Advocate." 5. A declaration, of which the following is a copy : "I, Carlton Chase, D. D., Bishop of the Diocese of New Hampshire, in the fifty-ninth year of my age, and in the eighth year of my episco- pate — Millard Eillmore being President of the United States, and Noah Martin being Governor of New Hampshire — this sixteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, lay this corner-stone of Trinity Church, and with my own hand make this deposite." 6. A schedule of donations from churches and individuals from abroad, to aid in the erecting of Trinity church. 7. An account of the organization of the parish, with a list of oflicers for the year 1852. Also, the names of the architects, Messrs. Wills & Dudley, of the city of New York ; of the builders, Messrs. Washburn & Nichols, of Albany, N. Y.; of the building 108 HISTORY OF CLAKBMONT. committee, Messrs. Charles M. Bingham, Lewis Perry, Charles F. Long, and Alvah Stevens. ■" 8. A paper containing the names of subscribers and donors to the building fund, and stating generally the terms of the contract for erection. The chancel window was the gift of All Saints Church, New York. The cost of this church edifice was about seven thousand dollars. Additons and alterations since made have augmented considerably that sum. It was duly consecrated by Bishop Chase, in the presence of the convention of the diocese, May 25, 1853. Bishop Chase resigned the rectorship of this church June first,. 1863, as follows : Diocese of New Hampshire. To the Wardens and Vestry of Trinity Church : Dear Brethren, — Proceedings in the late Convention, by whicli the Diocese as- sures my full support, and solicits for itself my undivided cares and labors, make it my duty to resign the Rectorship of your Church. This I beg leave now to do. And in doing it, I assure you, Brethren, that my connection of nineteen years- with Trinity Church has afforded me innumei-able occasions of happy and grate- ful remembrance. As your Bishop I shall still be in your service, and shall be most happy at all times to do what I can for Trinity church. With much afTection and respect, Yours in most holy bonds, Carlton Chase. Bishop Chase died on the eighteenth of January, 1870, at the age of seventy-six years. At an adjourned meeting of the members of Trinity Church cor- poration, June 22, 1863, it was "Voted that the "Wardens and Vestry be authorized to tender the Rev. John Milton Peck, of Warren, P. I., an invitation to officiate in this church as Pastor one year for the consideration of 800 Dollars as Salary." Mr. Peck accepted this invitation, and entered on his duties August 2, 1868. Subsequently his salary was increased to one thousand dollars and the use of the rectory. He resigned in June, 1867. Mr. Peck reported to the committee in June, 1867, twelve baptisms, twenty confirmations and one hundred and sixty communicants. Mr. Peck was subsequently rector of Trinity church, Rutland, RT. REV. CARLTON CHASE, D. D. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 109 Tt., and of other parishes. He died at Longwood, Mass., July 25, 1890. On the first of August, 1867, the Eev. Isaac G. Hubbard, I). D., took charge of Trinity church. To the convention of 1868, Dr. Hubbard reported ten baptisms, eleven confirmations, two hun- dred and one communicants, and one hundred Sunday-school scholars. In 1871 the parish sold its rectory for three thousand dollars, and purchased the Dr. Eobert Gleason house and grounds adjoin- ing the church lot, for four thousand five hundred dollars. In 1884 the old buildings on this lot were sold for about one hundred and fifty dollars, to be removed, preparatory to building new. In September, 1866, George G. and Lemuel K Ide, brothers, pre- sented to Trinity church a bell weighing one thousand and fifty- seven pounds, and costing, with mountings, etc., five hundred and thirty-one dollars and sixty-two cents, " for religious and church uses only." The following explains itself: Clakemont, N. H., Dec. 19, 1871. To the Rector, Wardens, and Vestry of Trinity Church : Gentlemen, — I have had prepared a Memorial Tablet in memory of Rt. Rev. Carlton Chase, D. D., our late worthy Bi^5hop and Kector, which I herewith offer for your acceptance, to be placed in the chancel of the Church. Very truly your associate in the Vestry, Geo. L. Balcom. Dr. Hubbard, on account of ill health, was granted a vacation, his place being supplied by the society, and went to Europe, his expenses being paid by contributions of members of his parish and others. By reason of continued ill health. Dr. Hubbard resigned his rectorship March 31, 1875, to take effect the first of the following May. The Rev. C. R Batchelder, Rev. Mr. Pearson, and others supplied until the Rev. Henry Ferguson was called and com- menced his labors as rector the 3d of March, 1878. On account of the poor health of Mrs. Ferguson, Mr. Ferguson resigned in December, 1880. The Rev. Charles S. Hale was called, and 110 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. commenced his rectorship at Easter, 1881. He resigned March 9, 1885, his resignation to take effect after Trinity Sundaj', May 31, 1885. The present rector, the Eev. James B. Goodrich, commenced his labors the following October. In February, 1882, a new organ was placed in the church, at an expense of $3,150. In 1884 a choir-room was added to the church, which, with furnishings, cost |1,375. A chancel choir of men and boys was organized in February, 1882. In August, 1884, a legacy of $8,000 was received from the estate of Mrs. Carrie, widow of Frank Evans, of Boston, with which to build a rectory for Trinity parish, which was completed in 1885. The number of communicants in October, 1893, was 185. The officers for that year were, Henry Judkins and Charles H. Long, wardens ; Charles H. Weed, Herman Holt, Harry C. Fay, Isaac H. Long^ and George A. Briggs, vestrymen; Frank P. Vogl, clerk. BAPTIST CHURCH. CHAPTER IX. BAPTIST CHURCH. In 1785 a Baptist society was formed in Clai-emont. There was no stated preaching, however, until the following year, when Rev. John Pickens was ordained. The formation of this new religious society increased the bitterness of feeling against the ministerial tax system. The members of the new society refused to conform to the requisitions of the law, pleading that they were of a different denomination from the original church organization. The town records show that on September 6, 1785, " The In- habitants of the Town of Claremont assembled at the dwelling- house of Mr. Ebenezer Rice in s'd Town," and " Voted on the fourth article in the warning that those people that call them- selves Baptists pay no more taxes to the Congregational order for the fewter." This secured from taxation, by the terms of the law, such per- sons as were conscientiously of a different persuasion, and attended constantly public religious worship on the Lord's day. In July, 1776, a church of seventeen members was constituted and recognized. Mr. Pickens remained but a few months, under whose ministry the society flourished. In the Manual of this church, published in 1884, it is stated that after the removal of Mr. Pickens, from various causes the church "became extinct in a few years." In 1815 the Baptists, Methodists, and Univer- salists united and built a meeting-house on the spot where Trin- ity church now stands ; and in 1821 the Baptists and Uriiversalists sold their respective shares to the Episcopalians, and the building was made over, called Trinity chapel, and was occupied as a 112 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. place of worship by the latter denomination until 1852, when it was taken clown to make room for Trinity church. In the fall of 1820, Rev. Isaac Kimball labored three months as a Baptist missionary in Claremont. In January, 1821, the scattered mem- bers were brought together, and a church of seventeen members was constituted. The names of these members were as follows : Joseph Cummings, Thomas Warner, Ezra Smith, Jesse Bunnel, Mehitabel Dodge, Milly Bunnel, Eunice Smith, Prudence Sweet, Betsey Bunnel, Ruth Bond, Prudence Richards, Hannah Cum- mings, Betsey Patrick, Lydia Wilkins, Sally Draper, Mehitabel Bunnel, Charlotte Petty. Under Mr. Kimball's labors the church membership increased to fifty-four. The six following years the church was without a pastor and worshiped in a hall connected with Clark's tavern, on the north side of Sugar river. Notwithstanding the disad- vantages endured in this time, there was an accession of several men of standing and wealth. In 1827 the First Baptist Society was formed, and a chapel was built on the east side of High street, which was occupied six years. In January, 1829, the Rev. Leonard Tracy was settled as the first pastor of the church, and his connection with it continued eight years, during which the Manual, published in 1884, from which much information is derived, says "the foundations of much of its future prosperity were laid." In 1833-34, encour- aged by the growth of the church and society, a lot at the junc- tion of Main and Central streets, where their handsome house of worship now stands, was purchased, find the erection of the building was commenced, which was completed and dedicated in November, 1884. The Rev. Darwin H. Ranney succeeded Mr. Tracy, and began his labors in March, 1838, and continued them until September, 1839, after which the pastorate was vacant until September, 1840, when Rev. J. M. Graves became pastor. He held the office about three j'ears, during which it is recorded that " the church gained in strength and efficiency, although it did not increase in mem- bers." HISTORY OP CLAEEMONT. 113 The Rev. William B. Jacobs succeeded to the pastorate in November, 1843, and "filled the office with fidelity for about three years." His successor was Rev. Thomas G. Wright, who began his labors in July, 1847. " Though the number of members decreased during this period, yet the character of the church was greatly improved, and a foundation was laid for future success. Some long standing difficulties were settled, disorderly members were removed, and the body became more homogeneous and harmonious." He closed his labors with this church in June, 1851. The Rev. Oliver Ayer was settled in July, 1851. " His pas- torate was the longest the church has yet enjoyed, — thirteen years, — and was blessed with seasons of refreshing from on high. The year 1858 was especially memorable in the number of acces- sions by baptism." Mr. Ayer, though not a noisy or very attractive preacher to the generality of hearers, was a man of culture and refinement; his sermons were finished, sound, and logical, setting forth in no questionable terms his belief in the doctrines he preached. ITo one who heard him could doubt his sincerity; and no one who knew him, whether they subscribed to his peculiar doctrines or not, could fail to respect him as a citizen and clergyman. Mr. Ayer was settled as pastor at Groton, Mass., for several years, but by reason of age and infirmities is now retired and lives at Providence, R. I. In October, 1864, Francis W. Towle was called to the pastorate of this church, and ordained the following month. " During his pastorate the church enjoyed steady growth in number and re- sources. Early in 1872 the society began the work of enlarging and repairing its house of worship. A new vestibule, tower, and chapel were built, the interior of the main house remodeled, refurnished, and frescoed. The whole cost of the repairs exceeded nine thousand five hundred dollars. The service of dedication was held January 2, 1878." Mr. Towle resigned in July, 1873, and became professor in Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y. From there he went to Concord, Mass., where he died in 1892. Charles A. Piddock served as supply from October, 1873, be- came pastor in March, 1874, and was ordained the same month. 114 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. His pastorate extended to July, 1877, and "was characterized by revival spirit and work, and by numerous accessions to the church."" Mr. Piddock is now editor and proprietor of the " Christian Sec- retary," Hartford, Conn. Rev. Joseph S. Swaim was called to the pastorate in October, 1877, and having been ordained in Cambridge, Mass., "continued his labors until February, 1883, the church during this time being united and prosperous and steadily increasing in numbers." Mr. Swaim is now pastor of the First Baptist church, JlSTew Bedford,. Mass. Kev. T. G. Cass was next called, and began his labors as pastor in April, 1883, and resigned and was dismissed March 27, 1885, He was succeeded by Rev. Joseph H. Robbins, who was settled June 7, 1885. Mr. Cass is pastor of a church at ISTorwich, jST. Y. The Rev. Joseph H. Robbins succeeded Mr. Cass, was dis- missed in August, 1889, and is now pastor of the Baptist church, at Chester, Vt. The Rev. O. C. Sargent was recognized as j)astor on October 20, 1889. The number of members of this church in 1893 was 323 ; the whole number since its organization, 1,119. METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. Many of the following facts are gathered from a " Historica Sketch," by the Rev. M. V. B. Knox, then pastor, published in 1892: The date of the first preaching of Methodism in Claremont,. probably cannot at this distant period be definitely fixed, but it was undoubtedly between the years of 1795 and 1798. One authority states that the Rev. Mr. Daniels, the first Methodist preacher who died in New England and was buried in the adjoin- ing town of Unity, preached the first sermon here. Another statement is, that the eccentric Lorenzo Dow was the first to preach here, when he was nineteen years old, which would fix the date as 1796, he having been born in 1777. The statement is that Mr. Dow first preached in the neighborhood known as- METHODIST CHURCH, CLAREMONT. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 115 Puckershire. It is known that in the winter of 1798 Lorenzo Dow preached ouce in four weeks in what is called the Green Mountain district, and that his labors resulted in some conver- sions and the formation of a class at the house of Eliphalet Eob- ertson, who sometimes acted as leader. Dow's eccentricities were finally thought unbearable, and "he was advised to leave the town, which he did in quite a characteristic manner. Riding to its line, with thoughts and maledictions the results of which it may be impossible to tell, and the nature of which the last day alone may reveal, he dismounted, and, rapping his shoes together, shook the dust of Claremont off them, solemnly declar- ing that he should never enter the town more until solicited by those who were anxious for his labors as a minister of the Lord Jesus Christ. K'ever being invited he never did return, and his testimony thus feelingly given still remains." The first organized Methodism in Claremont was a class formed of those who were converted under the labors of Mr. Dow, in the Green Mountain district. The leader was Eliakim Stevens. In 1801 Claremont was included in the new circuit of Hanover. A quarterly meeting is reported in Claremont May 7, 1801, connected with which were nine baptisms. In 1802 the mem- bership in Claremont consisted of Eliakim Stevens, Prudence Stevens, Eliphalet Robertson, Mary Robertson, Susanna Stevens, John Amidon, Dorcas Tolman, Susanna Stoddard, Cynthia Fiske, Hezekiah Mills, Phebe Farrington, Amos Stoddard and Betsey Howell. Under Rev. Elijah Willard's preaching a revival of religion occurred at Draper Corner, several families being converted. Mrs. Moore, an influential lady, encouraged the work by opening her house to meetings. She became a Methodist, as also her daughter Ethana, afterwards the wife and widow of Rev. Caleb Dustin. A class was formed under the leadership of Jacob Smith, of Unity, a local preacher. In 1806 Rev. Caleb Dustin labored here successfully. From this time up to 1815 the Methodists held their meetings at private houses, and wherever else they could find accommodations. In 116 HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. that year the Methodists, Universalists, and Baptists united and erected a meeting-house on the spot where Trinity church now stands. During the year 1821 the Baptists and Universalists, who had owned and occupied this meeting-house jointly with the Methodists, sold their shares to the Episcopalians, who at once put the house under alterations and repairs. This was a great disappointment and inconvenience to the Methodists, as the Epis- copalians, owning two thirds — a controlling interest — refused its occupancy to the Methodists for their fourth quarterly meeting, which was appointed for the eighteenth of August. As the day approached, Mr. Daniel Chase, a XJniversalist, who kept what has latterly heen known as the Sullivan House, tendered the use or a large new horse-barn, which he had just finished, for the meeting, and his dance-hall for the love-feast, which was accepted. After this meetings were held for a time at Draper Corner; then in an old, red cabinet shop at the north side of the Upper Bridge, on Washington street, and finally in the hall of the "Old Clark Tavern," on North street, which was occupied about two years. "In this hall Wilbur Fisk and other able, godly men preached the word." In 1826 the Methodists of Claremont undertook to build for themselves a meeting-house, and in quarterly conference, held January 4, it was " voted to raise a committee of three to esti- mate the sum and obtain subscriptions to build a meeting-house in Claremont." ISTathan Howard, Thomas Davis, and Eli Draper were appointed said committee. Eliakim Stevens, Nathan Howard, Thomas Davis, Asa Dinsmore, and Eli Draper were constituted trustees. The enterprise was at once begun. A subscription paper, dated January 26, 1826, and headed as follows, was circulated : AVhereas, it is the duty of all that have means and opportunities to promote the public worship of Almighty God, and, whereas, the Society of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church in Claremont, N. H., labors under many inconveniences and embarrassments for want of a house of public worship, therefore we, the subscribers, promise to pay the sum set against our names, respectively, to the said Methodist Society, or a committee which they shall appoint, to be by them appropriated for the erecting a free house of public worship in or near the HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 117 Tillage, in said Claremont, of such dimensions as shall by them be judged suit- able, and upon such principles as shall accord with the discipline and usages of their church. At an adjourned meeting held January 26, 1826, the following board of officers was chosen : Eliakim Stevens, president ; Nathan Howard, secretary; Thomas Davis, treasurer and agent; Asa Dinsmore, Nathan Howard, Eliakim Stevens, Thomas Davis, Harvey McLaughlin, trustees. At this meeting the society " voted to proceed to huild a chapel for public worship," and that " Thomas Davis, Eliakim Stevens, and Nathan Howard be a committee, whose duty it shall be to purchase a site for and superintend the building of said chapel." Mr. Austin Tyler, a man of no particular denominational affin- ities, magnanimously offiired them a very eligible site on Sullivan street, as a gift, which was gratefully accepted. " When the timber was collected, the brethren, desirous of securing the blessing of God upon their humble effort, solicited the services of the Rev. Mr. Nye, the Congregational preacher, as their own was too remote on other parts of the circuit to be conveniently called. Mr. Nye met them in the lot containing the scattered materials for the chapel, and solemnly invoked the divine aid on the workers and work." The meeting-house was raised, partly finished, and occupied for service through the summer season in this condition, the congregation sitting on rough seats, men on one side of the house, women on the other, while the carpenter's bench made the minister's pulpit. The house was finally completed and ded- icated in December, 1829, the sermon being preached by Rev. B. R. Hoyt. The official members of Claremont voted, in 1833, a request to be separated from the other places, and constituted a separate appointment. At a quarterly conference held at Unity, June 29, 1833, it was "voted that Charlestown and Claremont become stations." But the quarterly conference included Unity, Clare- mont, and Charlestown until the conference year of 1835-36. At the first quarterly conference the new station had formed itself into a missionary society. The first stationed preacher was 118 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 0. W. Levings, but matters were not prosperous, and, at the quarterly conference of June 25, 1836, his dismission from the charge, at his own request, was assented to, and he left. John Jones, who followed Mr. Levings, " was successful in his work, but was greatly impeded by a long course of sickness. The people helped him in a characteristic manner. To meet the ex- penses of his illness, the sum of seventy-three dollars and eighteen cents was raised, over and above his regular salary, and awarded him as a gift — this being the whole amount of expenses incurred by his sickness. He reported one hundred and nineteen members." The next year Moses Chase was the preacher, " and the place was favored with a revival of great power. So many were the additions that he reported the membership at two hundred and twenty-one." At the annual meeting of the society, September 4, 1837, " Charles H. Mann, Erastus Clark, and Frederick A. Henry were made a committee to see how a house-lot could be bought and a parsonage-house built." An adjourned meeting, held Sep- tember 16, of the same year, " Voted to proceed in the building of a house as soon as four hundred dollars should be raised." This sum was soon pledged, and Samuel Tutherly, William Proc- tor, and Frederick A. Henry were appointed a building com- mittee. It was found necessary to enlarge the meeting-house, and it was decided to abandon the parsonage project for that time. The quarterly conference, in January, 1838, resolved itself into a domestic missionary society, auxiliary to the Domestic Missionary Society of ISTew Hampshire. In that year Rev. William Hatch succeeded Mr. Chase in the pastorate. The quarterly conference, in May, " Resolved, in the opinion of the quarterly conference, that our discipline prohibits the use of intoxicating liquors, except as a medicine, and that no person ought to be received into the church unless he will live up to this rule." The same Conference, in April, 1839, resolved : 1. That in our opinion the use of intoxicating drinks as a beverage is sin. 2. That if any member of our church in this place shall be guilty of so doing, such member or members ought to be dealt with according to the rules of dia- nless speedy reformation renders it unnecessary. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 119 Rev. James M. Fuller, in 1839, succeeded Mr. Hatch, and, at the close of the first year, reported a Sunday school, with twenty- four officers and teachers, one hundred and eleven scholars, and three hundred volumes in the library. Mr. Fuller stayed two years, and reported the number of mem- bers of the church at two hundred and one. He was succeeded by Rev. Eleazer Smith. About this time the Second Advent, or Miller excitement, manifested itself, threatening the interests of the church. In a quarterlj"^ conference, April 15, 1843, it was " Voted that those brethren who sustain meetings abroad are requested to refrain; if not, they are invited respectfully to withdraw from the church," and Gr. "W. Wilson, E. Clark, A. M. Billings, and others imme- diately withdrew. At the close of his second year Mr. Smith reported two hundred and ninety members of the church. The New Hampshire Annual Conference — then including Ver- mont as well as this state — met at Claremont for the first time, in June, 1843. The public services were held in the town hall. '' On the Sabbath an immense audience assembled, filling not only the town hall, but the grounds about it. The venerable Bishop "Waugh, standing on a platform erected for that purpose at the south door, proclaimed with masterly efiect, in behalf of the ministry, ' We preach not ourselves, but Christ Jesus the Lord.' " Mr. Smith was succeeded in 1843 by Rev. Elihu Scott. " His first year's pastorate was greatly injured by the desolating influ- ence of Millerism, defections in the membership multiplying so that he reported but one hundred and eighty members at the close of that year." At the end of his second year, Millerism having collapsed, Mr. Scott reported two hundred members of the church. At the close of Mr. Scott's term, the quarterly conference, having tested the station system, " Voted to request the bishop to form Claremont station into a circuit, by adding one or more towns, and to send two or more preachers." But the experience of a year or two under this plan reversed the request, and Clare- mont has since remained a station. 120 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. In 1845 Rev. Silas Quimby succeeded Mr. Scott, and at the end of the year reported the membership at two hundred and thirty- three. Rev. Justin Spaulding succeeded Mr. Quimby, remaining one year, and was succeeded by Rev. Jacob Stevens, in 1847, remaining on the charge about three quarters of the year, when he retired on account of poor health, and the year was filled out by Rev. Matthew Newhall, a supernumerary preacher. This year the quarterly conference "Voted to adopt a number of resolu- tions against the circus soon to be exhibited in this place." It also voted to admit " a seraphim in the gallery." Rev. Joseph C. Cromack was the next preacher. During his pastorate the church bought the house on Pleasant street, now owned by Dr. F. C. "Wilkinson, for a parsonage. In 1850 Rev. Lewis Howard succeded Mr. Cromack, and in 1851 the quarterly conference ordered twenty-five dollars to be "paid to Jonathan Miner for leadingthe singing." On February 23, 1852, the society " Voted to build a new meeting-house, and that Samuel Tutherly be a committee to obtain subscriptions." Plans for the house were presented and adopted, and, at a meeting on March 6, it was " Voted that the rent of pews go toward the preaching," and at another meeting, a week later, " Thomas Sanford, Samuel Tutherly, and James Sperry were made a committee to dispose of the old meeting-house and lot, purchase a new lot, raise subscriptions, and build a new meeting-house." This com- mittee was also authorized to sell the parsonage, and the trustees were directed to hold the funds arising from that sale until they could build or purchase another, which was to be done within six years. " The trustees Avere also authorized to use the money arising from the sale of the parsonage in the new church, with the interest of it to go for house-rent for the preach- er." Frederick A. Henry and Ebenezer E. Bailey were added to the building committee; subscriptions to the amount of $2,484.50 were soon obtained ; the old meeting-house was sold for |650, and the parsonage for $1,191 ; a new church lot was purchased on Cen- tral street ; a new meeting-house was erected, which, with furnish- ings, cost $5,601.76. The new " church was dedicated to the ser- HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. 121 vice of Almighty God, January, 25, 1853, by Bishop Osmon C. Ba- ker." During the building of the new meeting-house, and up to 1854, Rev. John McLaughlin vpas the preacher. The membership at the close of his pastorate numbered two hundred and eighty- one. Mr. McLaughlin was succeeded by Rev. Frederick A. Hewes, whose pastorate, for two years, was quite successful, and the church and society were strong and prosperous. The second session of the 'New Hampshire conference was held in Claremont, in May, 1856, presided over by Bishop E. S. Janes. The conference ser- mon was delivered by Rev. Elihu Scott, a former pastor. Rev. "W. ~F. Evans succeeded to the pastorate in 1856. During his pastorate the debt that had remained on the church since its dedication was fully paid. Mr. Evans was succeeded, in 1858, by Rev. 0. H. Jasper, D. D. a popular and powerful preacher, during whose pastorate of two years much good was accomplished. In 1860, Rev. R. S. Stubbs took the place of Mr. Jasper. At the annual meeting of the soci- ety, 1860, it was voted that the church be lighted with gas, and "Eli Smith was requested to furnish and take charge of singing, at his discretion, either in the gallery or in the congregation." In 1862, Mr. Stubbs was succeeded by Rev. H. H. Hartwell. During his first year the Sunday school increased from two hundred to two hundred and ninety-two, and the Sunday school library num- bered over a thousand volumes. The membership at the close of his second year was reported at three hundred and twenty-four. Rev. S. G. Kellogg followed Mr. Hartwell in 1864. He preached here three years, in which time he preached three hundred and eighty sermons, attended sixty-nine funerals, and baptized eighty- one persons. In 1867, Mr. Kellogg was succeeded by Rev. D. C. Babcock. After a few months' service, he accepted the secretaryship of the New Hampshire State Temperance League, and Rev. C. W. Mellen supplied the remainder of the year. In 1868 Rev. S. P. Heath came and remained here two years, which " were crowned with substan- 122 HISTORY OF CLAUEMONT. tial success." Following Mr. Heath came Rev. H. L. Kelsey, in 1870. During the years 1870 and 1871, a new, handsome two-storj parsonage house was built on a lot adjoining the meeting-house lot, on Central street, under the direction of Hon. C. H. Eastman, chairman of the board of trustees, assisted by Mr. Kelsey. The job was contracted to George H. Stevens for two thousand seven hundred dollars for house, barn, and well. On the completion of the job, Mr. Stevens was paid something in addition for extra work. The ladies of the church furnished the new house with car- pets, stoves, tables, etc. In 1873, Eev. N. M. Bailey succeeded Mr. Kelsey, and continued here for two years, with marked success. During his pastorate "it appears that two women were elected on the board of stewards, — Mrs. Ann Perkins and Mrs. Melissa Fitch. They served five years, resigning in 1879, in spite of all etibrts to retain them." In 1875 Eev. E. R Wilkins came in place of Mr. Bailey. " During his pas- torate of three years, the people were pleased with him, and he with the people. His indefatigable pastoral labors were greatly appreciated." In 1878, Rev. Daniel Stevenson, D. D., succeeded Mr. Wilkins. " His sermons were of a high order." In the sum- mer of 1879 he resigned his charge, and accepted a re-transfer to the Kentucky conference, from which he had come to the New Hampshire conference, four years before. He entered on the pres- idency of Augusta Seminary and Female College. Rev. M. Y. B. Knox, of the South Kansas Conference, who was recuperating in northern Vermont, was secured to fill out the remainder of the year. During the year 1879, Mrs. Julia A. D. Eastman, widow of Hon. C. H. Eastman, to carry out an expressed wish of her hus- band, donated the money — one thousand five hundred dollars — to erect a memorial chapel, sixty-one by thirty-nine feet, and paid for carpet and other furnishings, at a cost of about two hundred and fifty dollars more. It joins the church on the northeast corner, and contains a vestry capable of seating two hundred and fifty people, large parlor, librarj^, and vestibule. It was dedicated De- cember 22, 1880, by Presiding Elder George J. Judkins. HISTOKY OF CLARBMONT. 123 In 1881 the annual conference was again held in Claremont, meeting April 20. " Bishop Thomas Bowman presided with marked ability and success." Mr. Knox continued his pastorate until 1882, and was succeeded by Rev, Henry Dorr. During his first year here Mr. Dorr met with a serious accident. He was thrown from his carriage, injuring his ankle so badly as to render amputation between the knee and foot necessary. He died in 1894. In 1885 Eev. G-. M. Curl succeed Mr. Dorr three years ; Eev. D. C Babcock, two years ; Eev. A. C. Coult, one year. Mr. Coult's health was not equal to the requirements of so large a parish, and he was therefore, at his own request, relieved, after one year's ser- vice. He was succeeded in 1891 by the Eev. Charles U. Dunning, the present pastor. The number of members in October, 1893, was 330. ALTERATIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS OF THE CHURCH BUILDING. Alterations, improvements, and repairs of the church building tad been contemplated for some years. In the summer of 1891, Hira E. Beckwith, having been employed for the purpose, submit- ted plans and specifications for the changes desired, and they were adopted by the board of trustees, consisting of Ira Colby, O. B. Way, D. W. Johnson, G. W. Holden, and Milton Silsby, who Bstimated that at least four thousand dollars would be required to carry out the plans. The trustees, assisted by the pastor, the Eev. Mr. Dunning, at once set about raising that sum by voluntary con- tributions. In 8 very few days more than that amount had been pledged, and George T. Stockwell was employed to superintend the mechanical part of the work, which was begun on the twenty- third day of September, and completed, including repairs of the chapel, slating and painting the parsonage buildings, and placing a fine toned bell, weighing near nineteen hundred pounds, in the belfry, on the twenty-sixth day of January, 1892. The whole cost of these alterations, improvements, repairs, and new furnishings was some more than eight thousand dollars. Of this sum the ladies of the society contributed nine hundred and sixty-one dollars, i\'hich included the price paid for a piano placed in the chapel. 124 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. On the 27th of January, 1892, the church building was re-dedi- cated with appropriate exercises. A sermon was preached by the Eev. Dr. J. W. Hamilton, of Boston, and the declaration of dedica- tion was made by the presiding elder, the Eev. O. S. Baketel. The sixty-fifth annual Methodist conference was held in Clare- mont, commencing April 10, 1894, presided over by Bishop Cyrus- D. Fobs. JUNCTION CAMP-MEETING GROUNDS. In 1871 the subject of securing permanent camp-meeting grounds for the Claremont, K H., and Springfield, Vt., Methodist conference districts, began to be agitated. A preliminary meeting- of committees of those districts was held at Dr. 0. B. "Way's office in Claremont, on January 2, 1872. Rev. James Pike was chosen chairman, and Dr. "Way, secretary. A camp-meeting con- vention, consisting of all the preachers of the two districts, and one layman from each charge, was held at Claremont Junction, June 2, 1872. Eev. James Pike was chosen chairman ; Rev. P. "Wallingford, secretary, and Rev. J. H. Hillman assistant secre- tary. Grounds of "William Ellis, "William Jones, and D. Canty near the Sullivan and Concord & Claremont railroad junction^ were purchased. The first permanent officers consisted of the following gentle- men: President, Eev. James Pike, D. D. ; vice president, Eev. J. "W. Guernsey ; secretary, Eev. Philander "Wallingford; treasurer, Dr. O. B. "Way ; executive committee, H. H. Howe, A. L. Jones, A. C. Davenport, Eev. H. W. Worthen, Eev. H. L. Kelsey. The first camp-meeting was held there the last week in September, 1873. The ground had been cleared of trees and other obstruc- tions, seats built, a preachers' stand erected, and several sizable cot- tages were put up by societies and individuals. Good water has been brought to the grounds, and other improvements have been made from year to year, so that it is quite an attractive place. Camp-meetings have been held there each year since 1873. In 1893 camp-meeting was held from the twenty-second to the twenty-ninth of August, and was, largely attended. The presiding UNIVERSALIST CHURCH. HISTOBT OP CLAREMONT. 125 elders were O. S. Baketel of the Claremont, and L. L. Beeman of the Springfield district. The names of these were changed in 1893, ^- the Claremont to Manchester district, and Springfield to Mont- pelier district. During this camp-meeting officers for the ensuing year were chosen, as follows : Eev. O. S. Baketel, of Portsmouth, president; Eev. L. L. Beeman, of "Windsor, Vt., vice president; F. P. Ball of Bellows Falls, Vt, secretary; George "W. Stevens, of Claremont, treasurer and superintendent of the grounds; George H. Fairbanks, of Newport, H. F. Wyman, of Springfield, Vt, L. F. Quimby, of Unity, J. C. Chadwick, of Brattleboro, Vt, G. H. Perkins, of Antrim, and Eev. Elihu Snow, of White River Junction, Vt., executive committee. UNIVEESALIST CHURCH. From a manual prepared by the Eev. Lee S. McCollester, a former pastor, and published in 1885, many of the following facts in relation to the church have been derived : The object of the formation of this church is the cultivation of Faith, Hope, and Charity in our own hearts ; the diffusion of gospel truth and light among our fellow-men ; and a systematic application of Christianity in our daily life. There must have been some kind of an organization of the Uni- versalists in Claremont as early as 1815, because in that year the Universalists united with the Baptists and Methodists and built a meeting-house, which was known for many years, and until itjwas taken down in 1852, to make a place for the erection of Trinity -church, as the " old round brick church." The manual says : There was occasional Universalist preaching in Claremont as early as 1824, by such eminent clergymen as Revs. Russell Streeter, Otis Skinner, Samuel Willis, Samuel C. Loveland, John Moore, and others. The services were then and for several succeeding years held in the hall of what is now the Sullivan ;House, and even after Rev. W. S. Balch became settled pastor, in April, 1832, this ball was the regular place of worship until the completion and dedication •.of the church. At the annual town meeting in 1832, Voted, on motion of Mr. Abel Wheeler, that the First Universalist Society in 126 HISTORY OP CLAEEMONT. Claremont have liberty to build a house for public worship on the Common in the center of the town, near the west line of the buiying ground, by paying at the rate of five hundred dollars per acre for the use of the land taken up by said house — place to be designated by the Selectmen. The dedicatory services took place in the forenoon of the twenty- fourth of October, 1832, and were conducted by the Rev. W. S. Balch, pastor, assisted by the Eev. Messrs. F. F. King, J. Gilman, and John Moore. In the afternoon of the same day the first meet- ing of the New Hampshire State Convention of Universalists occurred, when an organization was effected, and the convention held sessions the next day. The first organization of the Universalist church in Claremont took place during the settlement of Mr. Balch, the precise date of which is not known, though it was probably in 1834. In March, 1836, Mr. Balch resigned his pastorate, and the following Novem- ber was succeeded by the Rev. John G. Adams, who continued here fifteen months. The Rev. William S. Balch, D. D., was born at Andover, Vt., on April 13, 1806, and died at Elgin, 111., December 2.5, 1887. He was the author of the first " Manual or Sunday-school Service Book" used by the Universalists, "Lectures on Language," "Ire- land as I saw It," "A Peculiar People," etc. He was an able man and very popular preacher. In the spring of 1837, during the pastorate of Mr. Adams, a Sunday school was organized, which for many years met only dur- ing the warm seasons. In 1861 it began to hold sessions through the whole year, and has so continued without intermission, wheth- er the church had a settled pastor or preaching, or not, and is one of the useful and valued institutions of the town. Hon. H. "W. Parker has been superintendent of this Sunday school without in- terruption, since 1862. Mr. Adams was a man of marked ability as a preacher and writer. After leaving Claremont he preached at Providence, R. L, Worcester, Mass., and Cincinnati, Ohio. From Ohio he returned to New England, gave up pastoral work, but continued to preach. He was the author of numerous books, was at one time editor of a o HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 127 " The Myrtle," and later of the " Sunday School Helper." The last years of his life his home was at Melrose, Mass., where he died May 4, 1887. His son, John Coleman Adams, is an eminent Universalist preacher in Brooklyn, N. Y. The resignation of Mr. Adams was immediately followed by the settlement of the Rev. John Nichols, who remained here until 1843. In the fall of 1842, under his direction, the Ladies' Samaritan So- ciety was formed and became a permanent organization of the church. The Rev. R. S. Sanborn followed Mr. Nichols, remained a few months, and was immediately succeeded, in July, 1844, by the Rev. O. H. Tillotson, who remained one year. Rev. Samuel Willis was settled in May, 1845, and remained about five years, during which special attention was given to Sunday-school work and to the per- fection of the organization of the church. According to the rec- ords, " The form of church government contained in the Univer- salists' Guide was adopted December 7, 1845, as the constitution of the Universalist church of Claremont." Mr. Willis closed his pas- torate in the fall of 1849. For the next few months the pulpit was supplied by Revs. A. A. Miner, 0. H. Tillotson, W. S. Balch, and Mr. Clark. Rev. J. D. Pierce was settled in February, 1850, and continued until May, 1855, and for about a year and a half the church was without a regular pastor, the pulpit being supplied by Revs. H. A. Philbrook, S. A. Spencer, and others, and by lay reading. Rev. Giles Bailey was settled in 1857 and continued until 1860. Rev. Carlos Marston followed in the spring of 1861. Rev. E. S. Foster was pastor from 1863 to 1865, and Rev. Asher Moore from July, 1867, to 1870. For a while Rev. T. Barron preached here and at North Charlestown, half the time at each place, and in the early part of 1871 Rev. Eli Ballou occupied the pulpit. On May 7, 1871, Rev. C. E. Sawyer, having accepted a call to settle, preached his first sermon as pastor, and on the morn- ing of June 28 of the same year, he, with his young wife and wife's father, Mr. Sylvanus Gushing, of Abington, Mass., was drowned at Ashley's Ferry, in Connecticut river. Mr. Cushing 128 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. came here to visit his daughter, who had been but a few weeks married, and on that morning, the skies being bright and the air balmy, Mr. Sawyer took a two-seated, covered carriage, with one horse from a livery stable, and set out with his wife and father-in- law for a drive. They crossed Claremont bridge into Vermont, drove down the river to Weathersfield Bow, and, it is supposed, attempted to ford Connecticut River at Ashley's Ferry, with the sad result above stated. No one saw them enter the river, and no one of the party survived to tell how the distressing calamity hap- pened. It was only left for conjecture. The horse was also drowned. The following November Eev. S. P. Smith began a pastorate which continued until September, 1873, and was followed in June, 1874, by Rev. Edward Smiley, who remained until March, 1881. During his pastorate special and effective work was done in the Sunday school. Rev. J. M. Johns was pastor from August, 1881, to October, 1883, " and was instrumental in causing the church to be remodeled at an expense of over seven thousand dollars, so that it is now one of the most complete church edifices in the state." The dedicatory services took place August 1, 1883, and were par- ticipated in by Drs. A. A. Miner and G. L. Demarest, and Revs. J. M. Johns, E. Smiley, J. Eastwood, and R. T. Polk. On January 6, 1884, Lee S. McCollester preached here for the first time, and soon after received and accepted a call to settle as pastor. He was then pursuing his theological course, which was not completed until the following June, when he came here and settled permanently. The New Hampshire Universalist Sunday school and state conventions met here on September 29, contin- ued in session until October 2, 1884, and concluded with the ordi- nation of Mr. McCollester, who resigned his pastorate in Decem- ber, 1888, to accept the pastoral charge of the Church of Our Father, in Detroit, Mich. He was succeeded by Rev. L. 0. "Wil- liams in July, 1889, who resigned in November, 1892. Rev. Les- lie Moor followed Mr. "Williams, commencing his pastorate in June, 1898. ST. MARY'S CHURCH. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 129 ST. mart's church. The first mass in Claremont, and probably the first in New Hampshire, was celebrated by the Rev. Dr. French of New York, an 1818 — there is no known record of the precise date — at the Tiouse of the Rev Daniel Barber, while he was still rector of Union church. In 1823, the Rev. Virgil H. Barber, a son of the Rev. Daniel, •erected a church at the west part of the town, named St. Mary's, in which services were held by the Catholics, conducted by non-resi- ident priests, after the removal of Virgil H. Barber, until 1866. The Catholic denomination purchased a lot on the north side of Central street, and in 1870, when under the pastorate of the Rev. "G. Derome, commenced the erection of a church building. It is -of the Gothic style of architecture, brick, with granite trimmings, forty-five feet wide and one hundred and forty-five feet long, with bell tower one hundred and thirty-seven feet high, in which is a peal of three bells, weighing respectively twenty-three hundred, sixteen hundred, and twelve hundred pounds. In the last few years, under the supervision of Father J. P. Finnegan, it has been thoroughly renovated, new pews replacing the old ones, new altars built and set in place, and the whole interior painted in fresco, gas -fixtures put in, and the interior woodwork remodeled. This build- ing is complete, and has thus far cost fully thirty thousand dollars. In 1871 Rev. Mr. Derome was succeeded by Father L. L'Hiver, who in 1872 was replaced by the Rev. M. Goodwin, who remained but four months. The Rev. M. Laporte took charge of the parish in July, 1872, and continued as pastor until November, 1873, when the Rev. Cornelius O'Sullivan was appointed to the place. The Rev. P. J. Finnegan succeeded Mr. O'Sullivan in 1875, and is still in charge of the parish. LITERARY. CHAPTER X. SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES. Prior to 1780 there were but two school districts in town — one on Town hill and the other near Union church. At the annual town meeting that year it was " Voted to raise thirty Pounds L. M., to be raised as wheat at five shillings pr. Bushel for ye support of schools." In 1781, "Voted and chose Elihu Stevens, Esq., Mr. Josiah Rich, and Lieut. Barna Ellis, a com- mittee to divide the town of Claremont into districts, as they think proper, for the benefit of schools." In 1800 the sum of six hundred dollars was voted for this purpose; in 1810, eight hundred; in 1820, one thousand dollars. At the annual town meeting in 1824, the Rev. Jonathan Nye introduced the follow- ing preamble and resolutions, which were adopted : Whereas a prudent and judicious regulation and management of our schools is highly necessary and important for the instruction and benefit of the rising generation as well as for the peace and prosperity of the town, therefore Resolved, That a committee be appointed to superintend and visit the schools in town, as near their commencement and close as may be convenient, in order that they may be able to judge of the improvement which the scholars shall have made. Kesolved, That if any difficulty shall arise in any school, or any complaint be made respecting the master, or any irregularity be discovered or complained of in either, this committee shall be called in by the master, or agent of the dis- trict, and said committee shall have the power, and it shall be their duty, to dismiss the master, or any irregular or unruly scholar, if in their opinion the good of the school or interest of the district require it. Kesolved, That said committee be empowered to direct what books shall be used in the schools. It is not the understanding, however, that the scholars shall be obliged to purchase an entire set of new books at once ; but as 134 HISTORY OF OLABEMONT. t fast as new ones are needed, such books shall be procured as the said com- mittee may select, that in process of time there may be an uniformity in all the schools in town. Resolved, That no agent of the town shall hire any instructor, or continue him or her in the employ of the district, who does not, previous to the com- mencement of his or her school, or within twenty days from such time, obtain a certificate from said committee of his or her qualifications to instruct — and that his or her moral character is unimpeached. Resolved, That this committee shall receive such compensation for their ser- vices as the prudence and judgment of the selectmen shall consider reasonable, provided that the same do not exceed one dollar per day. The Eev. Mr. Nye, the Rev. Mr. Howe, and Samuel Fiske were chosen to serve as visiting committee of the schools. At the annual town meeting in 1826 it was voted not to choose school visiting committee. In 1830 it was voted to raise what money the law required for the support of schools. New school districts were formed from time to time in town, as the increasing population made necessary. For many years preceding 1884 there were nineteen districts, in which were twenty-five schools. By an act of the legislature authorizing the same, in that year the three village districts, Nos. 1, 15, and 17, were consolidated into one, called Union school district. A board of education, consisting of 0. B. Way, L. S. Hastings, H. C. Fay, I. D. Hall, E. Vaughan, and C. H. Weed, was chosen. They graded the scholars, and established in the district nine schools — five primary, three intermediate, and one grammar. The money apportioned to this district in 1884 was three thousand three hundred and seventy dollars and eighty cents. In 1886 the school district sj'stem was abolished by act of the legislature, and each town was made one district for schooling. At a meeting of the town school district, on March 22, 1886, Edwin Vaughan, Israel D. Hall, and John Bailey were chosen a school board. Mrs. Harriet E. Tappan, widow of John W. Tappan of Clare- mout, who died October 3, 1873, left a will in which was this clause : To the Town of Claremont, in said County of Sullivan, to be Kept Safely invested by said town, and the income thereof paid over annually to the Pru- _1 o o i: o c/) z [- 00 JL^^--.. U^ k ^ m gk jy^^ 1 SinlRL I^HBwi ■% "^. PARAN STEVENS. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 135 •dential Committees of the several school districts in said town in proportion to the number of scholars, to be expended by said Committee in their discretion for prizes for best scholarship and to enable indigent scholars to attend the High School in said town. The amount thus bequeathed and paid over to the town by the executor was thirty thousand and five hundred dollars. This amount has been kept at interest, and the income expended According to the terms of the will. Prudential committees have generally given prizes in money to scholars in their several dis- tricts for excellence of scholarship, deportment, and constancy and punctuality of attendance upon school, so that any child, however backward or dull as a scholar, may get a share of this prize money. In the early days of the settlement of the town, the schools in some of the out or hill districts were quite large — ranging from twenty to sixty scholars — where now in some of them there .are next to none, and in others not enough to warrant the em- ployment of a teacher. In the district for many years designated No. 16, at the north side of Green mountain, on the Cat Hole road, early in the present century there were twenty or more scholars, while now it is said that there is not within its limits a child of legal school age, or an inhabited dwelling-house. STEVENS HIGH SCHOOL. In the summer of 1866, Paran Stevens of New York city, a son of Josiah Stevens, one of the early inhabitants of Claremont, whose ancestors and relatives spent their lives here, and whose graves are in our cemeteries, proposed to donate the sum of ten thousand dollars to aid in founding a high school, provided that the town would appropriate a, like sum for that purpose. In the autumn of that year a town meeting was called to consider and act upon the subject, and the citizens, with great unanimity, voted to accept the donation oiFered by Mr. Stevens, with the condition named, and voted to raise and appropriate fifteen thousand dol- lars, which, with the ten thousand dollars from him, was to be used to purchase a lot and erect a school building. Samuel P. 136 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Fiske, George K Farwell, Nathaniel ToUes, Aurelius Dickinson^ and Benjamin P. Gilman were chosen a committee to carry out this object. The homestead lot of the late George B. Upham^ corner of Broad and Summer streets, and running back to Mid- dle street, containing nearly two acres, on which was then na building except a small law office which had been for years occu- pied by Mr. TJpham — one of the most eligible and valuable lots- in town — was selected for the school building, and purchased of John S. Walker, a son-in-law of Mr. Upham, for the sum of two thousand five hundred dollars. Materials were bought and other preparations made for the speedy erection of a brick high school building forty-four by sixty-four feet on the ground, two storieS' high, with a French or Mansard roof, which, as completed, is- one of the most elegant, substantial, and convenient edifices for the purpose for which it was built in the state. In it are four large school-rooms, large vestibules, basement for furnaces, fuel,, etc., and an elegant hall in the upper story, the size of the whole building. The building is ample for the accommodation of two hundred students. "When completed, the cost for site, grading, building, furniture, and iron fence was $27,225.27. It was finished, furnished, and ready for occupancy the first of September, 1868. Mr. Stevens, not to be outdone by the town, paid for the bricks' for the building, for a portion of the iron fence, and in other ways contributed full half of the cost of the high school building and the lot on which it stands. Soon after the completion of the building he gave to the town ten thousand dollars towards a per- manent fund for the support of the school, and also presented full life-size oil portraits of George Washington and Daniel Web- ster, painted by the best artists in this country and considered very valuable, which now hang in the hall of the school buildings and a Chickering full concert grand piano. At his death, which occurred on the twenty-fifth of April, 1872, Mr. Stevens by his will bequeathed forty thousand dollars, to be paid within two years of the time of his death, to be added to the ten thousand dollars' before given, for a fund, the interest of which is to be used for the support of the school. This forty thousand dollars has not HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. 137 yet been paid over to the town by the executors of the will, but it is believed that it will be at no very distant day, with interest. Thus it will be seen that Mr. Stevens's donations for the school which bears his name will amount to $65,000, $50,000 of which must forever remain as a fund for its support. At the annual town meeting in March, 1868, Edward L. God- dard, John S. Walker, Ira Colby, Jr., H. W. Parker, and Hiram "Webb — one from each religious society in town — were chosen the high school committee ; and it was voted to give to this new institution of learning the name of the Stevens High School. It was the expressed wish of Mr. Stevens, and indeed of the town generally most interested in its welfare- and permanent success, that the school should he kept entirely free from anything like sectarianism, and that its exercises, instruction, and management should be acceptable alike to all religious denominations. The committee accordingly made a regulation that " The morning sessions shall begin with reading the Bible, singing, and repeat- ing the Lord's Prayer in concert by the whole school." The first term of the Stevens High School commenced on the seventh of September, 1868, with ninety-eight scholars who had reached the age of thirteen years, and had passed the requisite ex- amination, all but sixteen of whom belonged in town. There is a regulation that scholars from other towns may be admitted to this school by paying a moderate term fee. The teachers were Dr. ]!T. Barrows of Berwick, Me., principal, assisted by Miss Mary J. Wightman, of Claremont, and Miss H. W. Freeley, of Springfield, Vt, and Mr. A. P. Wyman, as teacher of vocal music. At the close of the first term Miss Freeley resigned, and Miss Euth P. Per- kins, of Pomfret, Vt., filled her place, and she was succeeded in the third term by Miss A. H. Carleton, of Haverhill, N. H. At the close of the school year, in June, 1869, there was an examina- tion by a committee consisting of the Rev. I. G. Hubbard, D. D., W. H. H. Allen, Eev. Francis W. Towle, Rev. Francis Chase, and James P. Upham, which was creditable to teachers and scholars. Dr. Nathan Barrows continued as principal, with several assist- ants, three years, and was succeeded by Mr. Arthur J. Swain. The 10 138 EISTOKY OP CLAREMONT. course prescribed in this school is four years, at the end of which scholars who graduate and receive diplomas are fitted to enter almost any college. At the close of the fourth school year the ex- amining committee reported the school to have been eminently successful. The faithfulness of the teachers and the deportment and diligence of the scholars were mentioned in highly compli- mentary terms. Seven scholars — one boy and six girls — had not been absent or tardy during the year. A. J. Swain resigned October 4, 1880, to take effect the middle of the fall term. His resignation was accepted, and R. S. Bingham was elected principal, and occupied the position to the end of that school year. In September, 1881, L. S. Hastings took charge of the school as principal, and continued until the close of the school year, in June, 1890, and was succeeded by Melville C. Smart, the present principal. Mrs. Mary J. Alden, of Claremont, who died ISTovember 11, 1869, by her will bequeathed to the town her entire estate, which, at the death of her husband, was to go into a fund for the benefit of the Stevens high school, the income to be given annually in prizes to the three graduates of the school who should rank highest for proficiency and excellence- in English studies. Her husband, Ezra B. Alden, died in 1874. This bequest, when it came into the hands of the trustees of the fund, consisted of real estate on High street, and |428.11 deposited in the Sullivan Savings Institution. Following are the names of graduates, at the end of a four years' course of study, of the Stevens High School, and also of those to whom the Alden prizes have been paid : 1874. Henry E. Bailey. Alice F. Bailey. Clara L. Hunton. Darwin Comings. Fancy Chamberlia. Nellie L. Knights. Chalmers W. Stevens. Emma L. Cowles. Fannie A. Spencer. Imogene B. Hudson. 1875. Fred H. Rugg. Lizzie Bardwell. Ella M. Phelps. Rosa B. Allen. Anna J. Brooks. Mary Roberts. Ada I. Ayer. Fannie S. Goss. Mary T. Toung. Ida M. Lufkin. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 13^ Henry W. Allen. William E. Barrett. William I[. Drury. George E. Little. Frank H. Perry. Edwin S. Bailey. Charles M. Fitch. Morris G. Fitch. Kate Cowles. Burt Chellis. Eush Chellis. Mott A. Cummings. Elmer S. Hunter. William H. Hunton. James C. Flanders. Walter A. Pierce. George E. Quimby. Charles F. Chase. Maurice L. Clark. Eugene H. Hunter. Albro Blodgett. William E. Chaifin. Thomas J. Harris. Josiah Ide. 1876. Edward D. Reardon. Hoell Tyler. Josiah D. Wilson. Luella F. Smith. Hattie A. Bailey. Mary B. Deane. 1877. Lilla D. Ide. Delia J. Lufkin. Francis E. Johnson. Stephen J. Roberts, Jr. 1878. Willard C. Hunton. George H. Ide. Bertha S. Allen. Estella G. Henry. 1879. Marion P. Bartlett. Flora E. Nelson. 1880. Lewis J. Quimby. Kate E. Brooks. Mary E. Emerson. Nettie F. Glidden. 1881. Velma G. Allen. Orinda A. Boucher. Marcia B. Chellis. Mary L. Deane. 1882. Kate I. Bliss. E. Belle Durant. M. Lulu Fitch. Esther A. Hubbard. Nellie C. Lewis. Marion L. Eggleston. Alice B. Ide. Anna T. Lovering. Lelia Mullen. Ida G. Rugg. Minnie Bell. Rosella Perry. Elizabeth G. Phelps. Carrie A. W. White. Gratia M. Jones. Jenny M. Mellen. M. Evelyn Tolles. Fannie Roberts. CoraE. Stowell. Sarah Ide. Annie F. Morrill. Ida Proctor. Florence B. Davis. Addle M. G. Walker. Etta M. Wolcott. Hattie E. Perkins. Jenny M. Perley. Ellen F. Phelps. Julia E. Wells. 140 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Ned Blake. Alice C. Chase. Arthur Chase, Jr. Charles A. Perkins. William Tutherly. Mary B. Allen. Annie L. Bailey, Ora D. Blanchard. Ora E. Cowles. William B. Deane. Eussell Jarvis, Jr. Herbert F. Quimby. Charles F. Abbott. Ned W. Blood. Eugene D. Burbank. Lewis J. Richardson. Emerson A. Quimby. Minnie A. Back. Clifton E. Densmore. George L. Hall. Edwin J. Heywood. Herbert E. Rice. Alger V. Allen. John L. Ayer. Orlan P. Pitch. William R. Jarvis. Charles N. Piper. Augusta Briggs. 1883. Nettie Clark. Stella Graves. Jennie L. Parker. 1884. Kate F. Bailey. Delia M. Boucher. Elizabeth A. Cassidy. Carrie I. Foster. Vesta A. Piper. 1885. Frank J. Reynolds. Martin Sears. Walter Thayer. John M. Whipple. George E. Wolcott. 1886. Thomas Sears. Herbert T. Spencer. Sheriden A. Stowell. Susie D. Bailey. 1887. Myra L. Briggs. Emily E. Brooks. Frances E. Fisher. 1888. Josephine M. Bailey. Clara E. Bartlett. Mary A. Bailey. Elizabeth M. Hoban. Rose F. Jenkins. 1889. Carrie H. Gay. Mary I. Goodrich. Louie G. Hawkes. Mabel R. Hatch. Edith M. Howard. Ellen P. Jones. Mary Pierce. Hattie Kossiter. Florence L. Kempton. Nellie V. Kempton. Forris J. Moore. Lizzie S. Parker. Annie S. Elmer. Jennie M. Hall. Evelyn Jenks. Mary A. Jones. Emma H. Parker. Anna Eveleth. Sadie C. Farwell. Myrtie B. Symonds, Josie L. Willey. Bertha A. Pierce. Ida L. Stowell. Alice A. Stowell. Cora D. Whipple. Florence C. Whitney. Minnie M. Wolcott. Ella G. Leet. Ellen B. Nott. Delia M. Perry. Bert P. Porter. Henry C. Sanders, Jr. Edgar W. Stockwell. <; g a: H < Qi > < O HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 141 €harles T. Kossiter. Don Colby. John £. Allen. Charles F. Weed. George C. Warner. Georgletta A. Baker. Clara J. Bell. 1890. Florence M. Blanchard. Grace L. Bond. Hannah M. Carroll. Sarah T. Emerson. Grace M. Fifleld. Agnes N. Hodgson. OUie A. Lewis. Emily H. Lewis. Plora A. Magown, Abbie M. Perkins. Ella P. Bobbins. Marian I. Bice. Florence A. Sleeper. Fannie F. Wilson. Edward E. Houghton. Walter B. Woolley. Euth E. Hubbard. William H. H. Fitch. 1891. Franklin E. Perkins. James E. Eossiter. Mabelle R. Burbank. Nellie C. Chandler. Lillian I. Maoomber. Annie F. McGrath. Amy L. McQuaid. Minnie H. Tolles. Sarah E. Briggs. John W. Dow. Catherine F. Eaton. Grace P. Hooper. Ethel F. Taylor. Mary C. Nott. 1892. Charles S. Farrington. Charles H. Webster. Grace T. Bouck. Mary E. Shepard. Harriet M. Sanders. Wilhelmina E. Stowell. Mabel Tolles. Ida B. McCoy. William F. Whitcomb. Nettie M. Frye. Alice Goodrich. Estelle M. Grandy. Mabel S. Thomas. Herman Holt, Jr. Frank A. Angler. Rolla A. Healey. Urbane P. Pierce. Harry F. Rowell. John C. Angier. Bessie E. Balcom. Lillian M. Bartlett. Emma J. Burke. Gora M. Dunsmoor. Edna N. Dyke. Ida B. Ewing. 1893. Lillian J. Deane. Anna L. Hall. Alleen E. Messer. Isabella G. O'Neil. Stella E. Putnam. 1894. Gertrude L. Grandy. Carrie W. Hooper, Minnie M. Parker. Marian E. Pierce. Verne M. Eowell. Lillian A. Sholes. Albert E. Smith. Lois A. Whipple. Mary I. Heywood. Mary A. Jenney. Verlina R. Pierce. Ola M. Pope. Ada M. Stockwell. Lulu J. Thrasher. Mary D. Walker. Isabella I. Whitcomb. Mary A. Wilson. Ervin E. Woodman. Bessie M. White. 142 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. MARY J. ALDEN PRIZES. 1879. 1880. 1st prize, Cora E. Stowell, $60 1st prize. James C. Flanders, $50 2d Flora E. Nelson, 50 2d Nettie F. Glidden, 40 3d William H. Hunton, 40 3d Lewis J. Quimby, 30 3d Annie F. Morrill, 30 1881. 1882. 1st prize, Maria B. Chellis, $50 1st prize. Nellie C. Lewis, $50 2d Florence B. Davis, 40 2d Julia E. Wells, 40 3d Addie M. G. Walker, 1883. 30 3d E. Belle Durant, 1884. 30 1st prize, Mary Pierce, $50 1st prize. Kate F. Bailey, $50 2d Alice Chase, 40 2d Lizzie S. Parker, 40 3d Jennie L. Parker, 1885. 30 3d Mary B. Allen, 1886. 30 1st prize, Emma H. Parker, $50 1st prize. Eugene D. Burbank, $50 2d Annie S. Elmer, 40 2d Myrtie B. Symonds, 40 3d Jennie M. Hall, 1887. 30 3d Lewis J. Richardson, 1888. 30 1st prize. Emerson A. Quimby, $50 1st prize. Mary Adelaide Bailey, $50 2d Bertha A. Pierce, 40 2d FlorenceCynthia Whitney, 40 3d Ida L. Stowell, 1889. 30 3d Herbert Eugene Rice, 1890. 30 1st prize. Henry C. Sanders, Jr., $50 1st prize. John E. Allen, $50 2d William R. Jarvis, 40 2d Abbie M. Perkins, 40 3d Mabel R. Hatch, 1891. 30 3d Charles F. Weed, 1892. 30 1st prize. Ruth E. Hubbard, $50 1st prize. Grace P. Hooper, $50 2d William H. Fitch, 40 2d John W. Dow, 40 3d Frank E. Perkins, 1893. 30 3d Charles H. Webster, 1894. 30 1st prize. Isabella G. O'Neil, $50 1st prize. Carrie W. Hooper, $50 2d Lois A. Whipple, 40 2d Emma J. Burke, 40 3d Mary A. Jenney, 30 3d Ida B. Ewing, 30 REV. VIRGIL H. B arber's . iCADEMY. Virgil H. Barber was a son of Rev. Daniel Barber, for many years rector of Union church. He became an Episcopal clergy- man, and after a few years a convert to the Catholic faith, and HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 143 •was ordained a priest. In 1823, with the aid of Catholics in Canada, he commenced the erection of a building for a school and a Catholic church adjoining, nearly opposite Union church. Here he established a classical and scientific school, which he managed for several years. It was patronized by Protestants as well as the few Catholics in the vicinity. After Mr. Barber left, the school was continued for a time by others, among them Jo- siah Sweet, who afterwards became an Episcopal clergyman. The church building, known as St. Mary's, was occupied by the Cath- olics until 1866, and is now standing. CLAREMONT ACADEMY. Prior to 1840 there had been a number of private or select schools in town where the higher branches were taught for dif- ferent periods, but no suitable building for them was to be had. For a year or more L. Hunt had kept a popular select school, and more students than could be accommodated in any available quarters had applied for admission. To supply what seemed a pressing need, Mr. Kent, Simeon Ide, Edward L. Goddard, and three others, sharing alike, subscribed a sum sufficient for the purpose, and erected a building costing about one thousand dol- lars, at the corner of Sullivan and Walnut streets, and named it Claremont Academy, which was rented to different teachers from time to time, untiljthe establishment of the Stevens High School. Among the principals of this academy were L. Kent, Josiah Swett, David Cummings, Milon C. McClure, Edwin A. Charlton, Henry Chase, C. C. Church, and Miss Mary Chamberlain. This building was sold in 1869 to George W. Howe, and converted into a dwelling-house. CHAPTER XL LITEEARY SOCIETIES. — LIBRARIES. — NEW HAMPSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. — NEWSPAPERS. The first organization in Claremont for debating, declamations, and other literary exercises, was formed February 2, 1791, and con- sisted of six members, who adopted the following constitution : We whose names are hereunto subscribed, being ambitious to enlarge and improve our own minds, meliorate and refine our hearts, &c., render ourselves useful! among our fellow men, do hereby form ourselves into a literary friendly society — a Society the very existence of which rests on candor, freedom, and friendship. We most solemnly engage, like a little band of Brothers, to sup- port and assist each other in ascending the regular grades of literature ; to point out, smooth and in concert tread the path of friendship, and to cultivate all the social virtues. We firmly oblige ourselves to obey such laws and regu- lations as are or may be formed and adopted by a majority of this Community. While performing the duties required by the rules of this Society we bind ourselves to correct in a kind, friendly, gentle, and endearing manner each other's foibles and errors. Being convinced by reasons, which strike the mind at first blush, that the purposes for which we associate require profound secrecy, we pledge our honor as men, we engage by the most sacred ties of this our Brotherhood and by everything we hold dear, to exert ourselves to conceal the transactions and indeed the existence of this institution from every person unconnected with it. The original members of this society were Jabez TJpham, Sol- omon Blakeslee, John W. Russell, Thomas Sterne, Jr., George B. Upham, and Perley Marsh. Between July, 1791, and Decem- ber, 1795, nine others were admitted to membership, as follows : E"athan Smith, John H. Sumner, Joseph Petty, Benjamin J. Gil- bert, Prederick A. Sumner, John Lane, Samuel Fiske, John Tappan, and Jonathan Fisk, Jr. Four honorary members were HISTORY OF OLAKEMONT. 145 admitted, viz.: Sanford Kingsbury, John Strobridge, "William Breck, and Major Dustin. All these men were prominent citi- zens of the town in their time. lifo new members could be admitted without the unanimous consent of the society. Regular meetings were held every Friday evening at the house of William Breck — the same that is now the home of Charles P. Breck, West Claremont. The rules of this society were quite rigid. The by-laws provided that "It shall be the duty of each member at every stated meeting of the society to exhibit a piece of his own composition, consisting of not less than one hundred and fifty words, or speak a piece." Extemporaneous disputations were held every second regular meeting, the president naming the subject. Each member neglecting a stated performance, and not excused by the society, was to be fined sixpence ; and absence from meetings, without suflScient excuse, one shilling. The meet- ings were continued until April, 1796. UNITED FRATERNITY OF YOUNG MEN. A few young men met December 15, 1848, and organized a society under this name. The preamble to the constitution which they adopted explains the objects of this association: "We, the young men of Claremont, believing it to be our duty to improve and cultivate those faculties and powers of the mind which our Creator has bestowed upon us; and believing also that a more perfect union among ourselves is necessary to accomplish this great object, do therefore agree to adopt and sustain the following constitution and by-laws." New members could be admitted by a vote of two thirds of those present at a regular meeting, and a member could be ex- pelled by the same vote. The first officers were Daniel M. Keyes, president; Edwin E. Way, vice-president; George Hitchcock, secretary; Alfred Tracy, treasurer; J. D. Billings, doorkeeper. The first question discussed was, "Are secret societies beneficial to the members?" Disputants appointed, affirmative, J. D. Bil- lings and Alfred Tracy; negative, George 0. Way and Edwin A. Charlton. It was a kind of secret society, using signs and 146 HISTORY OP CLARBMONT. passwords, and none but members were admitted to its meetings. The meetings were held at different places until June, 1855, when a large and commodious hall in the second storj', west endy of 0. J. Brown's wooden block, was leased and formally dedi-- cated as Fraternity Hall, by which name it was ever after known as long as the building stood. In August, 1855, the Fraternity adopted the voluntary corporation act in the statutes, applicable- to religious and other societies, and became a corporation, From a small beginning this society grew to be an institution of considerable influence and importance iu the town, numbering among its active members many of the leading citizens. The' members became accustomed to speaking iu public, and preparing" and reading essays upon the current topics of the day. Correct habits and good morals were inculcated, and the beneficial influ- ence of this society was long felt in the community. The last record was of a meeting on April 30, 1864, after which by reason^ probably, of the enlistment in the army of many members, and the all absorbing subject of the War of the Rebellion, after an existence of sixteen years this organization became extinct. Other debating and literary societies — the most of them public — were organized at different times, at West Claremont and in the village, but generally had but a brief existence, and were of no considerable importance. riSKE FREE LIBRARY. In 1873, Samuel P. Fiske, a native citizen of Claremont, founded a free library in the following manner : Deed of Samuel P. Fiske to the Town of Claremont. Know all men by these presents, That I, Samuel P. Fiske, of Claremont iff the County of Sullivan and State of New Hampshire, do hereby give, grant, and convey unto the town of Claremont, in said county, in trust forever, Two- Thousand volumes of Books, named and described in a Catalogue or Schedule, hereafter to be made, to constitute, with such other books as may hereafter be- added by the donor, a library for the benefit of all the inhabitants of said town, and the members of Stevens High School in said Claremont, and to be- known as Fiske Free Library. CO S3 > ■XI HISTORY OF CLAKBMONT. 147 This gift is made on condition that the said town of Claremont shall accept the same; shall furnish a suitable building, room, or rooms in which to keep the same, and the same shall be kept in the upper hall or room of Stevens High School, until a more suitable place shall be provided therefor ; shall at all times keep the same well insured against loss from fire ; shall keep said books in a good state of repair, and shall replace with books of equivalent value any that may be worn out, lost, or otherwise destroyed. And the Committee of Stevens High School shall have the custody, control, and management of said Library ; purchase, arrange, and catalogue the books, appoint a Librarian, and make all needful rules and regulations for the management of said Library and the use of the books, all at the expense of the Town of Claremont; and the said Town shall in like manner keep and care for and replace losses in all ad- ditions to or enlargements of said Library by said donor. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this seventh day of August, A. D. 1873. SAMUEL P. FISKE. [l. s.] (Witness) Iea Colby, Jk. W. H. H. Allen. The above deed was read at a town meeting, held Agust 15, 1873, when the following resolution was passed : Resolved by the town of Claremont, That we cordially accept the munificent gift of Two Thousand volumes of valuable books from Samuel P. Fiske, Esq., upon the conditions and terms of his deed of trust to said town of Claremont, dated August 7, 1873, hereby pledging to the donor that such conditions shall be faithfully complied with, on the part of the town, for the use and perpetu- ation of the Fiske Free Library. The following resolution was offered by Prentis Dow, and passed : Resolved, That the Selectmen of the town of Claremont are directed to pay the bills of Stevens High School Committee for the insurance of the books do- nated by S. P. Fiske, Esq., and for any expense incurred in providing a suitable location for the same, not exceeding in all the sum of one hundred dollars per annum. The location of the library in the upper story of the Stevens High School building, away from the center of business, was found to be inconvenient for readers, and, as a consequence, was unsat- isfactory to Mr. Piske. Early in January, 1877, Mr. Fiske invited gentlemen supposed to be most interested in the library to meet 148 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. him for consultation as to the best means for making it more accessible to readers, and accomplish more fully the donor's wishes. A committee, consisting of John S. Walker, Otis F. R. Waite, and Charles A. Piddock, was appointed to recommend a plan at a subsequent meeting, who made a report recommending the purchase of the Bailey building, at the junction of Main and Sullivan streets, for four thousand five hundred dollars, and that the second story be fitted up for the library at an expense not exceeding one thousand dollars; the money for the purpose to be borrowed from the Tappan school fund at six per cent interest. The committee stated that the building was then rented for four hundred and ninety dollars; that, after taking what would be required for the library, the remaining part of the building would rent for more than enough to pay the interest on the debt in- curred. After some discussion the meeting voted to recommend to the town at its next annual meeting to purchase the Bailey building for four thousand five hundred dollars, and fit up, alter, and repair it at an expense not exceeding two thousand five hun- dred dollars. At the annual town meeting in March, 1877, it was Voted, that a board of five Trustees be chosen by the Town, and be author- ized to purchase in behalf of the Town the Bailey Building, so called; to fit up such portion of the second story as may be necessary for the accommodation of the Fiske Free Library. Such purchase not to exceed Forty-five Hundred Dollars, and such alterations not to exceed the sum of twenty-five Hundred Dollars. And that the said Trustees be authorized to draw from the Tappan Fund for the requisite sum to carry out this order, and pay therefor from the rents of said building interest at the rate of six per cent per annum. And that said Board of Trustees, and their successors hereafter, have the custody of the Fiske Free Library, instead of the High School Committee. Or that said Board be further authorized, if in their judgment they think proper, to purchase and fit up some other building, not to exceed the sum heretofore named for said purpose. At the same meeting Daniel "W. Johnson, Otis F. R. Waite, Alfred T. Batchelder, Osmon B. Way, and Algernon Willis were elected and qualified as trustees of the Fiske Free Librar3\ The trustees at once took a deed in the name of the town of the Bailey building, paying therefor four thousand five hundred dollars. SAMUEL P. FISKE. HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 149 t Before anything had been done by them toward altering and fit- ting up the building for the library, a special town meeting was held on the 28th of April, 1877, at which the following resolution was passed : Resolved, That the Town Treasurer and Selectmen be authorized and instructed to give the note or notes of the Town, at six per cent interest, to the Trus- tees of the Tappan Fund, for the sum appropriated at the last annual Town- Meeting for the purposes relating to the Fiske Free Library, not exceeding in all the sum of Five Thousand Dollars. The trustees did not call for the five hundred dollars author- ized to be expended for alterations, etc., and made no essential changes in the building, and the library remained in the high school building. At the annual town meeting in March, 1878, the trustees reported : Received and will be due for rents of Library building, April 1, 1878 . $420.00 Interest on $4,500, one year S270.00 Paid water rent and repairs 12.74 282.74 Leaving a balance over interest, water rent, and repairs of . . . $137 .26 At this meeting the town, on the recommendation of the trustees, re-enacted its vote of 1887, and appropriated two thousand five hundred dollars to alter and repair the library building. The trustees procured plans and specifications, and let the contract to do the work to Messrs. Hira R. Beckwith and Levi R Chase, of Claremont. The work was very satisfactorily done by them for a little more than two thousand three hundred dollars. The balance of the two thousand five hundred dollars was expended in furnish- ing the library rooms. Early in September, 1878, the books were moved from the high school building to the new rooms, about six hundred new books added, and all were arranged and catalogued. At a meeting of the trustees on the sixteenth, Miss Abbie Field was chosen librarian, and has served faithfully in that capacity ever since. Messrs, Batchelder and Willis removed from town, and their places were filled by the election of Messrs. H. W. Parker and Ira Colby. 150 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. Mr. Fiske made a will, giving to the town of Claremont nine thousand dollars, five thousand dollars to be expended in books as they should be needed, and as he pleased, should he live to expend that sum; the balance, if any, at his death, to go into the hands of the trustees, to be expended by them for the same purpose, and the other four thousand dollars to be a fund to be invested by the trustees, the interest of which was to be used for the purchase of books. His wife, Miranda S. Fiske, in her will added one thou- sand dollars to this fund, making it five thousand dollars. Mr. Fiske died February 8, 1879, and Mrs. Fiske deceased May 27, 1882. At the death of Mr. Fiske there was found by a detailed account left by him, to be unexpended for books $1,194.68. Books have been added to the library from time to time by Mr. Fiske while he lived and since his death by the trustees, so that the whole number in 1893 was more than seven thousand volumes — many of which are works of reference, some of them quite ex- pensive and valuable — afibrding advantages for obtaining infor- mation realized only by such as are fortunate enough to enjoy them, while there is a fair proportion of standard histories, biogra- phies, and travels. The demand has been largely for light reading and fiction. To meet this demand great care has been exercised to select books only of a wholesome and improving character, by the best authors. From ten to twelve hundred books are con- stantly in circulation, the whole number of patrons of the library being about three thousand. It will be seen by the terms of the bequest of Mr. Fiske that the income of the permanent fund left by him and his wife must be used to increase the library, as the town has to pay all expenses, for room, librarian, incidentals, keep the books in repair, and re- place any worn out or destroyed with others of equal value. Thus in a few years Claremont will have a collection of considerable magnitude. CLAREMONT BOOK CLUB. About 1865 twenty or thirty persons formed a club under this name, which was continued until after the Fiske Free Library was HISTORY OP OLAREMONT. 151 established in its present rooms. Each member paid five dollars as an admission fee, and such annual assessments as the club voted. Others, not members, had the privilege of reading the books by paying three dollars per year in quarterly payments. All the money thus obtained, after paying expenses, which were very small, was expended for books until six or seven hundred volumes had been collected. It was managed by a committee of its mem- bers and supplied a present want. When there was no further need for this club the books were distributed among its members by auction and its affairs wound up. The several churches in town have each a Sunday school library, composed of books suited to the capacity of the young, but supply a need in their way and help to form a habit and create a taste for good reading. In town are many private libraries, some of them quite large and valuable. George L. Balcom has more than four thousand volumes of val- uable, and many of them rare, old and new books, the accumula- tion of years of patient research. His collection of American his- tories, and especially those of New Hampshire, is one of the most complete of any in the state. Bela Chapin has between one and two thousand volumes of standard works of history, science, poetry, and literature, selected with much care. Robert K. Dow has a collection of rare books, largely devoted to science and art. C. B. Spofford has about two thousand bound volumes and three thousand pamphlets, consisting of historical and genealogical works, principally relating to New Hampshire, a large collection of Masonic and other secret society publications, and said to be one of the largest pharmaceutical collections in the state. Dr. C. W. Tolles has a large and very complete collection ot medical and surgical works and a good miscellaneous library. Dr. 0. B. Way has a large and valuable collection of medical works, and quite an extensive miscellaneous library. 152 HISTORY OP CLAKEMONT. Dr. F. C. Wilkinson has a large and valuable collection of works devoted to veterinary science. Otis F. E. Waite has between two and three thousand volumes of books of reference, history, biography, agriculture, poetry, and fiction. J. S. Walker has a miscellaneous collection of about one thou- sand volumes. He has also some copies of paintings by the old masters, ordered when he was in Europe. F. H. Brown has a considerable collection of classical books and works of fiction. H. W. Parker, Ira Colby, E. D. Baker, and Herman Holt, each have extensive law and miscellaneous collections of books. John L. Farwell has about one thousand volumes, many of them rare and expensive. Among them is an edition of Audubon's "Birds of America." He also has some copies of paintings by the old masters. NEW HAMPSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY. The annual field day of this society was observed by a visit to Claremont, on the twenty-ninth of September, 1891, and to Charlestown on the following day. On arrival at Claremont the members were met at the railroad station by George L. Balcom, a member of the society, and one of the committee of arrange- ments, whose guests they were while in town. Of those from out of town were John J. Bell, of Exeter, president of the society; Isaac K. Gage and daughter and Mrs. C. H. Sanders, of Penacook; John Kimball, Hon. Sylvester Dana, Rev. C. L. Tappan and Mrs. Tappan, Edson C. Eastman and Mrs. Eastman, Joseph B. Walker, J. E. Pecker, P. B. Cogswell, Woodbridge Odlin, and John C. Ordway of Concord, and George Olcott of Charlestown. They were escorted to rooms of the Tremont club in Union block, where had assembled about forty of the prominent ladies and gentlemen of the town, who extended to the visitors a cordial and hearty wel- come. It was a notable company and a notable event for Claremont. A sumptuous banquet had been prepared by caterer C. M. Leete, in Grand Army rooms, in the same building, to which the party HARRY C. FAY. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 153 was invited. The " National Eagle" had an account of this gather- ing, from which the following is an extract : After the banquet the meeting was rapped to order by President Bell, and Major Otis F. R. Waite, who had been requested to do so, read a paper relating to the early history of Claremont. It was replete with incidents of historical events connected with Claremont's early days. We publish it in full and doubt not it will be read with pleasure. Joseph B. Walker offered resolutions, which were unanimously adopted, of thanks to Tremont club and Major Jarvis Post of the Grand Army for the use of their rooms ; to George L. Balcom for his generous hospitality ; and to Major Waite for his interesting address, and requesting a copy for publication in the Transactions of the Historical Society. The visitors were driven in carriages about the village, to West Claremont, and thence to Claremont Junction, whence they took cars for Charlestown. NEWSPAPERS. THE CLAREMONT SPECTATOE was the first newspaper published in town. Cyrus Barton was its publisher and editor. The first number was issued August 29, 1823, and the last September 3, 1824. It was in a building "just south of the Brick Church, formerly occupied by Caleb Ellis as a law office," which was on the ground where the Episcopal rectory now is. Mr. Barton removed his paper and printing office to JSTew- port, where he established the "]S"ew Hampshire Spectator." In 1833 a newspaper called the " Argus " was started here, and edited by Edmund Burke. In 1834 it was removed to !N"ewport and united with the " Spectator," the new paper taking the name of the " Argus and Spectator," which it has ever since borne, Mr. Burke becoming editor. INDEPENDENT ADVOCATE. This was the title of a newspaper published here in 1883, by J. I^ye, for a short time, " in the room over the postoffice." How long its publication was continued, or why it was discontinued, is not known, n 154 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. THE IMPAETIALIST. A paper with this title, devoted to the interests of the Universalist denomination, published by W. A. E. Nye and edited by W. S. Balch and T. F. King, and at different times by others, from 1832 to 1835, was issued every Saturday. It was finally merged in the " "Watchman and Christian Repository," published at Woodstock, Vt. From about 1847 to 1849 Solon Silsby published a paper devoted to musical science, entitled " The Philharmonic Journal." It was finally sold to a New York firm and merged in some other publi- cation. THE NATIONAL EAGLE. This paper was established in October, 1834, under the direc- tion of a committee appointed at a Whig Sullivan county con- vention the year before. The first number was issued by John H. Warland, editor, and Samuel L. Chase, printer. In 1836 the establishment was purchased by John H. Warland and Joseph "Weber. In 1842 Mr. Weber bought Mr. Warland's interest, and became sole proprietor and editor, and continued the publication of the paper until October, 1846, when Charles Young and John S. Walker bought the establishment, Mr. Walker taking charge ■of the editorial department. In 1849 Mr. Walker sold his interest to John H. Brewster, and the paper was published by Young & Brewster until April, 1864, when Otis F. E. Waite bought the establishment, and continued the business until 1860, when he sold out to John S. Walker. Mr. Walker sold to Simon Ide, whose successors have been Arthur Chase, Thomas J. Lasier, Hiram P. Grandy, and H. C. Fay. The present publishers and editors are Messrs. Fay, Thompson & Fay. THE NOETHEEN ADVOCATE. This paper was started in Claremont in June, 1849, by Joseph "Weber, as a Free Soil paper, who continued its publication until November, 1881, when by reason of advancing age, he sold the JOSEPH WEBER. HISTORY OF CLAEBMONT. 155 establishment to the present editor and proprietor, R. E. Mussey, who changed the title of the paper and called it " The Claremont Advocate." THE COMPENDIUM. The publication of a literary paper with this title was com- menced in May, 1870, by S. H. Story, and printed one year as a weekly. The publication was then discontinued until January, 1872, when it was resumed and published fortnightly until Jan- uary, 1875. It was then changed to a monthly and called " The Narrative," under which arrangement it has since been continued by Mr. Story. CHAPTEE Xn. FARMING INTBEBSTS. As an agricultural town Claremont has but few equals in ITew HampsHre, and her farmers are among the most intelligent and independent of her citizens. Those settled on Connecticut river were the earliest to engage in tilling the soil — this section being the best adapted to that industry — while the inhabitants of other parts of the state were employed in lumbering, fishing, and other pursuits, to the exclusion of agriculture. Our farmers have gen- erally been readers upon the subject, and as a consequence have adopted the best methods, and used the best implements known for carrying on the business to which their lives have been de- voted. Industry, intelligence, temperance, [and economy have had their reward in healthy bodies, thrift, comfort, and independence. "With a few exceptions the farms have not been large — varying in size from one hundred to two hundred acres — but they are almost all of them well tilled, productive, having upon them well kept, commodious, and substantial buildings, and good fences. Many of our farmers have manifested an interest in town, county, and state agricultural societies from the early days, been active in promoting their organization, and constant in encouraging and supporting them. Cheshire county — Sullivan then forming a part of it — was the second in the state to organize an agricultural society, Rockingham being the first; but Cheshire put forth the first premium list, and held the first fair, or show of stock and other productions of the farm. In 1817 the Cheshire Agricultural Society, which had been pre- viously formed, appeared before the legislature as petitioner for HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. 157 the bounty and aid of the state, and the subject was referred to a committee who reported, recommending that " the sum of one hundred dollars be appropriated to the use of the Cheshire Ag- ricultural Society for the purpose of enabling said society to grant premiums for the best productions, either of stock, grain, or such articles as may be thought advisable, and that said society be re- quested to include the subject of domestic manufactures with the objects of their association." In accordance with this recommen- dation a resolution was passed granting one hundred dollars each to the agricultural societies of Eockingham and Cheshire counties. The first meeting of the Cheshire Agricultural Society was held at Claremont on the first Wednesday of October, 1817, at which the following officers were chosen : Mr. Roswell Hunt, of Charles- town, president; Col. Joseph Alden, of Claremont, vice-president; Major Ezra Jones, of Claremont, treasurer; Isaac Hubbard, Esq., of Claremont, secretary. An executive committee was chosen, consisting of nine persons, of whom Josiah Stevens, of Claremont, was one. At this meeting a premium list was agreed u^Don. This docu- ment was the first of the kind ever issued in ISTew Hampshire. Two hundred and twenty-eight dollars were offered, divided as follows : For the best pair of working oxen, not over eight years old . $25 For the next best do 15 For the best bull, not less than two years old .... 15 For the next best do 10 For the best milcli cow, not over eight years old .... 15 For the next best do. ... 10 For the best pair of steers, three years old 20 For the best do., two years old 15 Best yearlings, not less than four in number .... 20 For ths best boar, not over two years old ..... 10 For the next best do 5 Beat pigs, not over eight months old, nor less than four in number 12 Best merino ewes, not over four years old, nor less than five in number 15 Next best do 10 Best ewes of common sheep 10 158 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. FAMILY MANtTFACTURES. Best piece dressed woolen cloth, not less than ten yards . . $15 Best piece of linen cloth, not less than ten yards ... 10 Best piece of flannel made from wool, not less than twenty yards 10 Best cheese . 5 Best flax, from one acre ........ 20 Best wheat, on old ground, per acre, reference to be had to the quality 15 Among the rules at the close is an offer of "ten per cent, in addition to the above, to be paid to any member of the society who may present any stock raised and owned by himself, enti- tled to a premium, or any of the manufactures or produce." The exhibition was notified to take place at the next annual meeting, to be holden at Charlestown, on the first "Wednesday of October, 1818, at 10 o'clock a. m. In 1819 this society held a cattle show and fair in Claremont. The day was fine, the exhibition in every department large and excellent, and the crowd of people one of the greatest ever seen in town. A procession was formed and marched from the north to the south side of the river, headed by Joel Goss and David Buck- man, dressed in farmer's frocks and wide brimmed straw hats, sowing oats on the way. Vegetables, fruits, domestic manufac- tures, and fancy articles were shown in the building on Broad street, afterward occupied by Glidden & Dean as a store, and now Dr. Cyrus E. Baker's dwelling-house. This society continued in existence until the county of Cheshire was divided, and the fifteen towns in the northern part of it were set ofi^ and made the county of Sullivan in 1827. SULLIVAN COUNTY AGKICULTURAL SOCIETY. This society was organized in February, 1848. The following autumn an exhibition or fair was held in Claremont, and proved a great success in every respect. Among the Claremont men who were prominent 'and active members of this society were Isaac Hubbard, first president; John S. Walker, president in HISTORY OF CLAKBMONT. 159 1857; Horace Dean and Charles F. Long, vice-presidents; Jona- than E. Rowell, director; George W. Blodgett, for many years secretary, and others. At a meeting held at Claremont in April,. 1857, the society voted to locate the fairs at Charlestown for the next ten years, if certain conditions, such as providing and fencing the grounds, erecting suitable buildings thereon, etc., were com- plied with. This was done, and the fairs held there were suc- cessful for a few years; but by reason of the war, combined with other causes, the interest in the exhibitions flagged, and the organization was finally abandoned, since which no Sullivan County society has existed. MARKET DAY AND CATTLE KAIB. In the " National Eagle " of October 10, 1861, under this cap- tion, appeared the following editorial notice : We are requested to give public notice to all persons having fine cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, or other stock, and all vrho desire to purchase, exchange, match, or sell, and to the public generally, that a Market Day and Cattle Show will be held in Claremont village, on Tuesday, the fifteenth inst., in and about the Common in front of the Town House — informally and without expense to the public or to individuals. Neat stock, sheep, swine, etc., will rendezvous at the Common at ten o'clock a. m. Horses, of all classes, will rendezvous at the same place at two o'clock p. m. Committees will be detailed who will make a careful and discriminating examination at the hours mentioned of all stock exhibited, and afterwards publish their report. No premiums are offered and of course none will be awarded — but the report will aim to do justice to noteworthy and de- sirable points and features which may come under the observation of the com- mittees. The Town Hall will be opened during the day for the convenience- of exhibitors who may desire to display specimens of butter, cheese, honey, vegetables, grains, &c., &c. On the I7th of the same month the " Eagle," in noticing the fair, said : The demonstration of Tuesday was really splendid. Such a show of oxea and other cattle has not been seen in Claremont since one or two of our County- Fairs, twelve years ago, when every town contributed, as the record of weights (which the committee will publish next week), will testify. We have only 160 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. time and space to-day to instance tiiat ten yoke ran up into the thirty-eight and thirty-nine hundreds, while several went into the forties. D. W. Barney's six-year-olds pulled down 4,180 lbs. ; William Jones's, 4,200, and Benajah Ro- gers's, 4,420. The noble procession of bovine aristocracy came into town headed by a fine band from Acworth, and escorted by the marshal. Dr. S. G. Jarvis, and his aids, all admirably mounted. In the afternoon the display and pro- cession of horses was also remarkable. AViUiam Breck, Esq., of West Clare- mont, with his beautiful matched blacks, headed a procession of about three quarters of a mile in length, followed by Lewis Peri-y's dashing black stallions, Rufus Carlton's dainty stepping sorrels, and an endless number of beauties, to which the committee will do full justice in their report. The show in the town hall was not large. The day is repre- sented to have been all that could be desired, and thousands of spectators witnessed the show. The committees were : On horses, Otis F. R. "Waite, Oscar J. Brown, and John S. Fari'ington; on cattle, William Clark, Henry C. Cowles, and Stephen F. Eossiter; on swine, Horace Dean, C. Henry Abbott, and Thomas B. Fletcher; on dairy, vegetables, etc, G-eorge W. Blodgett and John S. Walker. The next week, October 24, these committees published elaborate, and some of them learned, reports. The committee on cattle made a lengthy report, which in part was, Daniel W. Barney, one pair oxen, 8 years old, weight 3,868 lbs. Daniel W. Barney, ' ' t *' 3,810 lbs. Daniel W. Barney, 5 " 4,180 lbs. Daniel W. Barney, ' 4 3,920 lbs. Daniel W. Barney, " 2 2,310 lbs. Daniel W. Barney, ' 2 " 2.130 lbs. William Jones, 6 4,200 lbs. William Jones, 4 3,568 lbs. Fred. A. Henry, 8 3,930 lbs. Enoch Johnson, 6 4,090 lbs. Enoch Johnson, ' 5 3,360 lbs. Enoch Johnson, 1 1,110 lbs. Horace Dean, 4 3,890 lbs. John G. Putnam, " 5 3,800 lbs. Joseph Cram, Unity " 2 " 2.390 lbs. Horace Dean, yearling bull 920 lbs. Many other specimens were commended. HISTORY OF CLAKBMONT. 161 By notice published in the town papers, citizens were invited to meet at the town hall on October 24, 1861, to consider the subject of forming a Town Agricultural Club, which meeting was adjourned to November 1, at Tremont hall, at which there was a good attendance, and it was voted to organize a town club, and that the officers consist of a president, a vice-president for each school district, a secretary, treasurer, and board of five man- agers. Daniel "W". Barney, Thomas Kirk, and Fred. A. Henry were appointed a committee to report the names for a board of officers, who reported : For president, John S. Walker ; vice-pres- idents, district 1, Thomas Kirk ; 2, Jacob W. Sanborn ; 3, Hosea P. Shedd; 4, Danford Rice; 6, William Ellis; 6, Ira Colby; 7, Austin T. Cowles; 8, Frederick Jones; 9, Jonathan Densmore; 10, Wilham F. Bartlett; 11, William E. Tutherly; 12, Ruel R. Bowman ; 13, George Bond ; 14, Andrew J. Pike ; 15, David F. Tutherly; 16, Horace Dean; 17, George G. Ide; 18, Fred. A. Henry; 19, Solon C. Grannis; secretary, Charles IsT. Goss; treas- urer, Enoch Johnson; managers, Daniel W. Barney, Charles F. Long, Franklin Norton, George W. Blodgett, and Fred. P. Smith, which report was adopted. Messrs. Otis F. R. Waite, Oscar J. Brown, and Thomas Kirk were appointed a committee to select a suitable lot for a fair ground and report at an adjourned meeting. It Avas voted that the name of the club should be the Claremont Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Otis F. R. Waite, John S. Walker, and George W. Blodgett were appointed a committee to draft and report a constitution and by-laws for the government of the as- sociation. The committee appointed to select a suitable lot for a fair ground, by its chairman, reported in favor of taking a lease of what was known as the Tenney lot, for five years. The report was adopted, and the committee instructed to complete a contract in behalf of the association. This is the same lot that was after- ward bought by the Sullivan County Park Association, and is now laid out into house lots, several of them built on, and known as Fair View. 162 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. At an adjourned meeting, on the 4tli of the same November, Mr. Waite, chairman of the committee on constitution and by- laws, submitted a report which was adopted. The following is the constitution, and the by-laws were in conformity with it: Section 1. This society shall be styled the Claremont Agricultural and Me- chanical Association. Its object shall be the encouragement and improvement of agriculture and the mechanic arts. Sect. 2. The officers of this association shall be a president, a vice-president in each school district, a secretary, a treasurer, and a board of five managers, all of whom shall be chosen annually in November, and shall hold their offices until others are chosen in their stead. The president, secretary, and treasurer shall be ex-officio members of the board of managers. Sect. 3. The annual meeting of the association shall be holden on the first Tuesday of November of each year, at 7 o'clock p. m., for the choice of officers and the transaction of other business ; the place of meeting to be desig- nated by the board of managers, notice of which shall be signed by the secre- tary, and published at least two weeks previous to the time of such meeting, in such new.spapers in Claremont as will insert it without charge. Other meet- ings of the association may be held at such times and places and for such pur- poses connected with the objects of the association as the board of managers may determine. Sect. 4. At the annual meeting the president shall submit in writing a full report of the transactions of the association during the preceding year, with such remarks and suggestions as he may think proper; and the treasurer shall submit, also in writing, a full account of his receipts and disbursements for the year, both of which reports shall be placed upon the files of the association. Sect. 5. Any person may become a member of this association by paying to the treasurer twenty-five cents and signing the constitution and by-laws. The Tenney lot, containing about ninety acres, was leased for five years. The same fall a half mile track ^vas laid out, plow^ed, scraped, made level, and as perfect as possible, the most of the work being done by farmers and others interested, without charge. The lot was used for a cow pasture, and in this way paid the rent agreed upon. The following winter fortnightly meetings were held for the discussion of subjects connected with the objects of the associa- tion. The first meeting was held at Tremont hall, December 4, 1861, the subject for discussion being "The management of farm HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 163 stock in winter." The meeting was qnite largely attended. The president, John S. Walker, opened the discussion, and was fol- lowed by Fred. A. Henry, Daniel S. Bowker, Charles K Goss, Samuel G. Jarvis, Benj. P. Walker, Henry Fitch, and others. At the next meeting the consideration of the same subject was continued. The same gentlemen, and Thomas Kirk, Leonard P. Fisher, Fred. P. Smith, Daniel W. Barney, Horace Dean, George G. Ide, Ovid Chase, and others, told their own experience and observation in the matter of feeding and care of stock while at the barn. The speeches were quite fully reported for the " Eagle," and created considerable interest in the meetings and the subjects discussed. Subsequent meetings were held at Fraternity hall. Several members prepared essays upon the subjects to be con- sidered, and read them in the course of the debate. On the twenty-second of January, 1862, by invitation, Otis F. R. Waite occupied about forty minutes, with an address carefully pre- pared, upon the subject of " The breeds and breeding of neat stock," at the conclusion of which Dr. Samuel G. Jarvis moved the thanks of the association to Major Waite for his address, with a request that he continue his remarks on a future occasion. The motion was adopted, and it was also voted that the address be published in the "Eagle," and that two hundred copies be printed in pamphlet form for the use of the association. The meetings increased in interest and attendance throughout the winter, and were continued monthly through the summer. In May, 1862, the association organized under the provisions of the New Hampshire statutes, became a corporation, and so continued during its existence. On the thirtieth of September the association held a fair and field day on their grounds. Everybody was invited to make exhibits, and participate in the festivities, free of charge. Forage for stock from out of town was furnished by the association free. The novelty of holding fairs upon the principle of asking no fees and paying no premiums seemed to meet with universal favor. The day was fine, the display of neat stock, among which was eighty yokes of heavy oxen, farm pro- 164 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. duce, domestic and other manufactures, fruits, and fancy articles was large and excellent, and the gathering of people from this and the surrounding towns in ISTew Hampshire and Vermont was such as had seldom been seen in Claremont, and all seemed more than satisfied. At the annual meeting, November 4, the president, John S. Walker, as required by the constitution, made a written report, reviewing the doings of the association during the past year, to- gether with some valuable suggestions as to the future manage- ment of its affairs. On motion of Dr. Jarvis it was voted to re- sume the series of fall and winter meetings, and that they should be opened by the members giving a personal account of their farm operations and results during the past season. The meetings for discussion were kept up during the ensuing three cold seasons, but the war, then in progress, absorbed the attention of almost everybody and detracted from the interest in the objects of this association. At the annual meeting in ISTovem- ber, 1864, it was voted that meetings be held through the ensuing fall and winter so often as they could be made profitable. The fairs were held annually the last of September or fore part of October, and were entirely successful until 1869, soon after which the fair ground was purchased by John Tyler. A company with a capital stock of ten thousand dollars, under the name of the Sullivan County Park Association, was organized early in 1872, bought the ground, fenced it, erected buildings, etc., and fitted it up for a trotting park. The Connecticut Eiver Valley Agri- cultural Society held its fairs there for a few years with a mod- erate degree of success, but it degenerated into a horse-racing rather than an agricultural society, and finally went the way of many other similar organizations. NEW HAMPSHIRE STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. In conformity with a request contained in a circular signed by thirty-two influential citizens of the state, among whom were Isaac Hubbard, Samuel Tutherly, Jonathan E. Eowell, and John HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 165 S. Walker, of Claremont, a meeting was held at Manchester, December 12, 1849. John S. Walker called the gentlemen to order, and stated that the object which had called so many to- gether was the formation of an association for the advancement of agriculture and the mechanic arts. A temporary chairman was chosen, who, on motion, appointed E. D. Sauborn, of Hanover, George W. Nesmith, of Franklin, Josiah Stevens, of Concord, Chandler E. Potter, of Manchester, and John S. Walker, of Clare- -mont a committee to prepare and report a constitution and by- laws for the government of this society. The constitution which was adopted provided for a president, a vice-president, an exec- utive committee of five, a secretary, and treasurer. George W. Nesmith, of Franklin, was elected president; Ezra J. Glidden, of Unity, vice-president for Sullivan county, and John S. Walker, of Claremont, secretary. At the session of the legislature in June, 1850, George W. Nesmith and seventeen others — among them John S. Walker, of Claremont — and their associates and successors, were granted a charter under the name of the New Hampshire State Agricul- tural Society. An appropriation asked for passed the house, but was defeated in the senate by a tie vote. The first cattle show and fair by this society was held at Concord on the second and third days of October, 1850. The show of horses, cattle, articles of domestic manufacture, fruits, vegetables, and fancy needle work was very large. In the evening of the first day of the fair a meeting of members and others was held at which addresses were made by ex-governor John H. Steele, Levi Woodbury, ex-governor Anthony Colby, Thomas M. Edwards, Franklin Pierce, afterwards president of the United States, Noah Martin, afterwards governor of New Hampshire, Nathaniel S. Berry, afterwards governor, and others. Among the Claremont people awarded premiums were John S. Walker, best Durham bull, $15 ; Hubbard & Glidden, best Ayr- shire bull, $8; Isaac Hubbard, best Durham cow, |12; Sunapee Mills, three cases of cotton goods, diploma. Since 1850 this so- 166 HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. ciety has been kept up and fairs held annually — except a few years during and succeeding the war — at Manchester, Laconia, Keene, Dover, and other places; but Claremont being consider- able distance from the places where the fairs have been held, her people in later years have not participated in them to the extent that they otherwise might have done. In 1870 the legislature passed an act creating a State Board of Agriculture, to consist of one member for each county. This board was empowered to solicit returns and reports from the differ- ent agricultural societies, and secure complete returns from all sec- tions of the state ; hold meetings in the different counties ; collect and distribute grains and other seeds, and make full report of their doings annually, before the first day of May, to the Governor, with suf^h recommendations and suggestions as in their judgment the interests of agriculture shall require. These reports were to be printed, distributed, and disposed of the same as other public docu- ments. This board has a secretary with an office in the state house. Concord. He issued a circular calling upon the selectmen of the several towns for answers to twelve interrogatories. In case of the neglect of the selectmen to reply, individuals were requested to do so. For Claremont for 1873, Otis F. E. Waite was called upon for a report. The significance of the interrogatories will be inferred from the following replies : CLAKEMONT. Being in Connecticut river valley this is one of the best farming towns in New Hampshire, and her farmers are generally intelligent, industrious, and independent. Her large village and extensive manufactories furnish a home market for more of every kind of farm produce than is raised. The following answers to the twelve questions in the circular of the secretary of the board of agricul- ture of the 20th of March, 1873, convey but a faint idea of the beauty and fertility of many of her farms, or the general comfort everywhere to be seen within the limits of the town. 1. The most, say from one half to three fourths, of the farmers in town, are saving something annually after supporting their fami- J.AJIurd *C.Ball t.MrsJi.Cusick' y x^-^ .-^i^ ^*:>' \*J/.J)ny^er JLMn. '*T.AStf,aTns II1S1_J /^trsh.KTiiij7iJjt ^/ k'Si AW. Cffrappn SNA Kl^oy itf' 'Moore. sj*- -J,lIJiichmond- 1 J'lrrce Joruis *J.Gtutnah \'^\ E.Cushion'"/ /t>i MBcchnrtlf / / KAdarns^ uM^"""^ w: &"; ^'■^: '«"/ tJSJiJSakerJ'st. {^X£W7utUf?wre. 4 Bailey.*, ' ♦"^ S.GIJjltUtu CTVMtts,^. ,, 'drri ■^/,r.CqlUns FurweJJ-* Cutnarrv / ,iv M- I- ., .^'^'?" ft Johnson-* ''OLDruJ ■tf^r MrsEA #S' VOyCo.j hs/tej /Sholes.* 'MissJtFofe.y„r^n,,^ .1^1 ^/tJJresseli Ox^J^E^IOI^T , P. 0. I *V^'JJu?icu To^vm of* Glaremont . SULL/VAN CO. N. H. 7.LJi, '^•*: ..-hex 'Sf^ji^f >i'fs free" '^^■'■GASr, 'parj^^vssli YtiordM Ij/isxj - 'inrnV- JCBaULe-y I MrsG-CluitfieM SHJOli. <%>A ■Jfrs GAMrown I 'TM.Tarron' brisker \o\ J^' ShxLruiOTi^ 6ir.^ GS-DMarpfi// ^-IX CO .MILL P.Ho. 1/1 ^#4. ^'?ft. 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Vila ~ isonHBros, ^ roivj,?' ^ ^^^ ^*J'A Cumii?irtg!S ,■ CarroUt Lit IcffckcU ZW.trnu Sttsb 'CajSaitm^a/t- * uailc] ^ ley ~M&i, kki: CMitcAeM- KHILAr&iL, * J.Kejnptoti^ ^ JS.FaTweU-f I ^^; t + — _/ -, - - / /Mrs A ^MrsGSTfuimpAon./ tTalles /A-/ ^ !• r- '7~ /JDACKeUey-.O It/. , Lt:M-rsCT^,ww m^WliF'^ ,, '*-''' •JflLd.j. GXFarwUL If aJ.Mwift, -Vfdiiard^ '''I JfrsK^ejnin^ MTJf., / FSJiarrtes.* Uj »SVFarwelJy .r.m-CiUnuoru- hJI Mr.t.F.Do\* MfHanoFord-J^i '^'^rsBJJemin^ IIM^Jorni.9toiu LZ mVnniAUen- ST EVENS men ^m scHoav^ I 'HDidansOn- \ »J:LFarv/elL i.SpoffoyS^ ■n.2ir,acy \ uM-'Knot-n if m ^ i.BAl F.Hopc KjrXunte.r ^co" Jjselknap ■ - : sua AH RIVID : fAPSR MILL ihl.is/tJ' klDovUng* hi^' s^^ &>■>; , /^^~-~^ mT.WaUiruisrord.1 Ups£. Ursi'^" Jl.».I'ro.st- /t^j ^ ,MMSraea, e.ienycny AA Frost,' ^JT.HpujiseveZ' suTTl .Vi St-. CAFtshet ^V,Su.rns 'MffOlCiniball. F,£u-rh* y •ifZou'ler^ Sst.. Surke mribuct mA FTowle, 'STutherly ^ominipUasnra j ^a ughter ho . Est t-^rsSJJfurd- ^ SJiattcrnia rt. ■i ' ■SJ/i, ^^^^....--^ / H l!^f ^ Jf.S.Silsiyt D.FRTkins" yLMdnru* it^6raifi. 7 ^i i ini\l ii \i i i i i.n\ ♦ JLCKirnhaU- \_ iT.KKtciting *narA-M:6Case, 'L.tTMiisha Jfurvtei^ '■*''ir.B4, Xle^fe-h ii€*rej,stx. ^*-A'A CunuhiJigs ") ^^ I 'wmiAi^ju ; .' / * J.Kemp&ii^ _ ^ JJ.FarweU, , TTroctor 'TmUctie- -^FJiayrnoru/y CE. ■<)/ + / ^ ^'Tr. fys. }lfSWal.kef\ ,.c5>" .-i;/ \f^ i 'JohnxoTL^Keiscy ]6eo.rae/e <:v. CMitehtlt ST'. Warsonage^ ■prsXmifirk- I •J/Uichi/isori' •/HS.Tenn^i yrru S^ I^OFKWiate, Bjfe^- C££ak&- 1 / £SSames.» Lj * 6'irFdtTvelV •rJn^Chliou^fi^ hJl ^ Mrs.T.Dow My/fjfeaU) frs MT,.J'artriM.ge rs.J.CoUins MrsEJ)&m.iTt0 STEVENS MIBH ^ scHoar^ l^S.Scvnkiy* cs-c. *}/hs \ JtMesser' I Jf/s. CA . Ji/icc^ jT^^ * irons ro . "^"--C^ , J'.Smit/u, I / *GUdden. LTUley ^G.F , /Ql I 'GAAiKlrf.w.i . I , MtsE\'aiuiliai 'O/ tJrrx.CCVaran- '' ' j CBSpofforcL / ■yi.HaiU.y 'Rev.rSTfaM A •liRtfOHT* , AssociATion I tl I t .4- JTMrTarker Jf..mea,EsU^l p ^^'^^ CBMa-TUi* /fir / lUil Jfrs.C.MJfann- T.Cowleii/ , 'Mh-K. Wolcott Jf.MoU *J/fs.vS *r.B.Pletcker T.BajToJiy^ J.You > iHAFEH tOHueR S.I'. , SSOrdH'ay illVdlcoti- C FJircwheUSst- w/v ji.i=~.^ MissB.hoijx/ia }rF&.£.7t < I f~. j »£ feaslee f^ ["iCrsJlSCowles 03 jaKSfarey mAAS/ee/jer ! ^A FU'hlr.ott MrsAH'^inn- L:J.S,Waiker Aj/h->ykes •'■'>."■' 'S^Siis^J.Zoririf/ /• GT ' >rrs Mrs\tlJoh itC.Scveiriiir.e. lOO J Scale of Feet <00 ■'too 6QO 800 60. MOO ^^ MrsJ.B,,^. ,. PrtscotP O '-VkS ciapp i ••XACaj:SUt. ^ -. CKTuLrUiy..* \A J.3ooth. ' ,S.CiStTii\ 'AM ExplaxiatioiT . '^PUBl/C BUILDINGS a BUSII^^SS BLOCKS ■ RESIOEMCes. Ellis . 'art ^u. '-4». "^i, '^t-. °^^ 0>, "^^ ■''ji^.Kblt A-Jf.S.Osgoocl' ICBickforcL B F.Sevenuice' XJ.'Wolcoi^* ^£JI. Woo drrtuny *6.F.Whitcontb A.H.MUELLER, LI TH.PHILAOA. PA. Re FBenUr Si *JJ. T Clxase. tlJ- wfoTll Jf-ACa-Mitfy AA.Smi.tfv \o\S K.Goiilcl- IJ M.Jewett- \tMrs BeccTV CM Dale. IlriiM-n. , l,:*! *J'MJiro\rn- "n HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 167 lies comfortably and educating their children in good schools. This by mixed agriculture — the production of the various kinds of grain, potatoes, the dairy, and cattle and wool. There are but very few farmers in town who are not making a good living, with moderate industry and economy. 2. This is a complicated question, and an intelligent answer to it is difficult to give. It is known that almost all farmers, who have their farms nearly clear from debt, are improving their fields and buildings, supporting their families better, dress them better, ride in good carriages, and are saving more money than the average of mechanics and men engaged in mercantile pursuits who have an equal amount invested in their business and houses. Yet farmers generally feel that they have a license to complain at the high price of labor and the low rates of some kinds of produce as compared with ten years ago. Almost without exception farmers are more intelligent, take more papers, read more, live in better buildings, and have more conveniences and luxuries than formerly. Most of them have more money at interest, work less hours, and are gener- erally not more economical, if so much so, as before the war. There is no class in the community that lives so well, has so much leisure, is so independent, or complains so much of hard times, as the farmer. He does not stop to consider that if a mechanic or professional man has an income of from eight to twelve hundred dollars per year, he has to pay high rents, buy his fuel and every- thing he eats, and if he has much family, finds himself at the last about where he was the first end of the year ; whereas the average farmer, with a less capital invested, has supported his family more respectably and better, his children have had more means of im- provement, he has added something to the value of his farm by way of improvements, and his deposit in the savings bank has increased. 3. It is safe to say that from two thirds to three quarters of farm- ers' sons leave the farm for other pursuits. But very few farms — not ten per cent — have been abandoned to wood or pasturing, or been united with other farms in the last ten years. 168 HISTORY OF CLABEMONT. 4. There is no more disposition this spring than formerly to abandon farming for other pursuits. 5. It is the general opinion that farms and farm property are ap- praised nearer to their real value than village residences, manufac- turing property, or stocks in trade, though selectmen have generally tried to get as nearly as possible at the true cost value of all pro- ductive property in making up their tax lists. There has prob- ably been no discrimination in favor of any one class of property to the prejudice of others. 6. There are some pure-blooded cattle in town of several differ- ent breeds, principally, however, Durhams, Devons, and Jerseys ; and farmei'S, as they become informed upon the subject, are giving more attention to breeds of cattle, and are breeding from better animals than formerly ; consequently they are considerably increased in value, probably twenty-five per cent in ten years. There has been no cattle disease in town the past year. The number of neat cattle has not varied much in the last few years. 7. There are but two valuable stock horses owned in town, and none that are thoroughbred. Last fall almost all the livery, stage, team, and driving horses in the village were more or less affected by the prevailing horse disease, while farm horses, and those that had run out during the summer, suffered but little comparatively. But very few — not a quarter of one per cent — died, while all are apparently well now, and their value has not been perceptibly diminished by the disease. 8. Col. Eussell Jarvis, Dr. S. G. Jarvis, J. P. Upham, Elijah Whitmore, Mighill Dustin, and Dr. S. A. Sabine are among the largest sheep breeders in town. Mr. Dustin has quite a flock of Cotswolds, while the others are Merinos. Sheep, at the present price of wool, are thought to pay quite as large a profit as any other kind of farm stock. There has been no prevailing disease amongst them during the past year. Dogs destroyed two hundred and for'y- two dollars' worth of sheep, and the dog tax was one hundred and ninety-seven dollars, and this is about an average for the last five years. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 169 9. Probably from a fifth to an eighth of the area of the town is covered with growing timber, more than half of which is what would be called old growth. It is not now diminishing in amount. All of the timber cut in town is manufactured here, mostly hem- lock and spruce, into building materials. A large share of the wood consumed comes from adjoining towns. 10. The leading crops on the river and valley farms are corn and the smaller grains and hay, while the hill farms produce the smaller grains, hay, and potatoes. A few farmers have raised tobacco suc- cessfully, and on what is known as the " Cupola Farm," owned by Hon. Benj. H. Steele, of "Vermont, special attention is being given to the dairy ; from thirty to forty cows are kept, and their milk is made into butter and cheese, which finds a ready market in the village. Most farmers are using considerable quantities of com- mercial fertilizers, plaster, and ashes. 11. There is a growing interest in the production of apples, pears, and grapes, but none of our farmers are making a specialty of this branch of husbandry ; and any estimate of the value of the crop for any given year, or an average for the last ten years, would be wide of the true mark. 12. The labor question has become a very important one, since labor is at the foundation of all productive industry, and will always command its full value. The supply and demand for farm and farmhouse labor keep pretty even pace with each other. Many, and indeed most, farmers in the vicinity have introduced the latest improved machines for saving manual labor, such as planters, cul- tivators, mowers, and horse-rakes. If there is any one mistake more fatal to the success of the farmer than others, it is for him to attempt to produce upon his lands what they are not calculated to grow in profusion and per- fection. Almost all New Hampshire farmers think they must grow a little of nearly every kind of grain, vegetable and fruit ; keep a few sheep ; make a little butter and cheese ; raise a few cattle, and a colt or two, and indeed do a little of everything. This is about as sensible as it would be for a mechanic — because he is a me chanic — to attempt to make his own shoes, clothes, wagons, and 12 170 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. do his blacksmithing and carpenter work; or for a professional man to do his own doctoring, law business, and preaching. No one man can do a great variety of work and do it economically and well, nor can a farmer possibly understand thoroughly every con- ceivable branch of husbandry, and pursue them all, and expect the best results; nor is every farm capable of producing equally well horses, cattle, sheep, and other farm stock, and every kind of cereal and vegetable and hay, with the best profit. If our farmers would study the character and capacity of their farms and then turn them to the production of such crops or stock only as they are able to produce in the greatest abundance and perfection, and then learn to do these few things to the best advantage and in the most per- fect manner, the results would be much more satisfactory than to do such a great variety, all indificrently well and to but small profit. Artisans, in their wisdom, have so divided up their work that each has a particular part assigned to him — one man makes but one of the many parts of a watch, another makes another part, and so on until all parts are made, when another man puts them together and makes the watch tick and keep the time by which the day is divided ; one man makes the spokes, another the felloes, another the hub, while another puts them together and completes the whole of a car- riage. The same general system is pursued in every considerable mechanical establishment, and in this way each part of the work in hand is done rapidly and well ; and establishments pursuing a dififerent system cannot compete with them either in price or quality of work. It would require a much longer article than you can spare room for in your report to make this matter clear to a majority of men who are and have been all their lives practicing differently, but the subject is most certainly worthy of serious consideration by the farmers of New Hampshire. This is but a hint for such as choose to take it. FARMS. There are many farms in Claremont which might be especially noticed, while there are a few that imperatively demand it in this history. O o UJ O i < o o HISTOKY OF CLAREMONT. 171 THE CUPOLA PAKM Is situated about four miles northwest of Claremont village, on the road to Windsor, Vt ; it is bounded on the west by Connecticut river, and through it runs Sugar river. If not the best it is one of the best two farms in New Hampshire — the Peirce farm in Green- land being the other. The Cupola farm has been owned by Pom- roy M. Eossiter, a native of the town, since 1879. It contains five hundred acres, two hundred of which are under cultivation, the rest pasture and woodland. One hundred or more acres of the meadow bottom is flowed about every spring by the high water of Connecticut and Sugar rivers, keeping the land constantly in con- dition for the production of large crops of hay of excellent quality. This farm was owned for near a hundred years by Dr. William Sumner and his direct descendants by that name. A tavern, known as the Cupola Tavern, was kept there many years preceding 1851. The farm was carried on and the tavern kept by Horace Dean for about twenty years immediately prior to that date. After Mr. Eos- siter purchased the property he completely remodeled, enlarged, and repaired the buildings. The main house is now forty-two feet square, two stories, with French roof, and a back or kitchen part sixteen by forty-six feet, two stories, finely finished in every part, and covered with slate. The barns, as made over and enlarged, are now in L shape — one wing is forty by one hundred, the other thirty-two by one hundred and forty feet, with cellar under the whole, clapboarded and painted, and covered with slate roof The floors in which hay and other fodder, corn to be husked, and' grain to be threshed, are unloaded, are above the stables. In the stable ninety-five cattle can be tied up and there are stalls for eight horses. In the cellar or basement there is a place for keeping sheep. In every part of the barn and yards where it Jis needed there is an abundant supply of running water. At the south side of Sugar river, reached by a substantial iron bridge more than a hundred feet long, are two barns, thirty by forty, and thirty-two by forty feet, with cellars, capable of storing one hundred tons of hay, and tie-ups for thirty-two cattle. At the John Sumner place, 172 HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. SO called, opposite the Cupola buildings, and a part of the Cupola farm, is a two-story house and an L barn, one wing twenty by sixty, and the other twenty by thirty feet, that holds forty tons of hay, where young cattle and sheep are kept. Mr. Rossiter, with the assistance of his only son and only child, Charles P. Rossiter, has greatly increased the productiveness of this farm. He has in good years cut 400 tons of hay, raised 3,000 baskets of corn, 1,000 bushels of oats, 500 bushels of turnips, besides other smaller crops. The farm is supplied with all the latest improved and best im- plements and tools. Before Mr. Rossiter bought this farm it had been rented, on shares and otherwise, for fifty years, and as a con- sequence the buildings were in poor repair, and the land was considerably run down. The last tenant claimed that in some seasons he had cut two hundred tons of hay. THE HORACE DEAN FARM. This is one of the many good farms in town. It is located on the Charlestown road, two and a half miles south of the villao-e. It consists of three hundred acres of upland, most of it with a southern slope. It was bought by Horace Dean in 1851, and car- ried on by him, until within a few years of his death, in December, 1884. Mr. Dean was succeeded in the ownership of the farm by his son-in-law, John F. Jones, who now owns it. It was owned from the early times by Maj. Ezra Jones, who died in August, 1841. He was succeeded by his son, Roys Jones, of whom Mr. Dean pur- chased it. It is noted for the row of fine maple trees on either side of the highway running through it, fully three quarters of a mile long, which were set out by Major Jones, more than sixty years ago. The soil is naturally productive and has been made more so by generous feeding and careful cultivation. Any kind of grain or root crop can be grown upon it in abundance, while it is an excellent grass farm. Being induced thereto by the urging of his friends and neighbors, in 1857 Mr. Dean entered his farm for one of the premiums — first, second, or third — oflrered by the ISTew Hampshire State Agricultural Society. Twelve farms — presum- POMROY M. ROSSITER. DF. J. BAXTER UPHAM. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 173 ably the best — in different sections of the state, were entered as competitors. After a thorough and careful examination of the farms entered, their condition and productiveness, together with the income and expense of carrying them on and the improve- ments made upon the land and buildings in the last year, by the committee, they awarded the first premium of fifty dollars to Mr. Dean's farm. In their report to the society the committee say: "Mr. Dean purchased this farm, of three hundred acres, six years ago. Price paid, $7,000; mows seventy-five acres; nine acres of corn, one of potatoes ; keeps thirty-five head of cattle, four horses, one hundred and twenty-five sheep ; fats ten hogs ; spreads twenty loads manure per acre on his corn land ; has built four hundred rods of wall ; set out two hundred and fifty fruit trees, grafted ; thirty acres of woodland kept fenced. "When he came into possession of the farm there were twenty-five acres of waste land, or nearly so, yielding about six bushels of rye per acre. It is now in a high state of culti- vation, capable of producing twenty-six bushels of wheat per acre." " When Mr. D. came into possession of the place, its former owner mowed thirty-five acres more than is now mowed, and cut forty tons less hay." Few farms anywhere can show so much care and thorough cultiva- tion; and the buildings — house and barns slated — have been much improved by the present owner, and are of the very best. THE HDBBAED FARM. This is a farm of considerable historic interest. "When Benning Wentworth, provincial governor of !C7ew Hampshire, in 1764, granted this township, it was divided into seventy-five equal shares of two hundred and fifty acres each. The governor's reservation of two shares of five hundred acres was located in the southwest corner of the town, with three islands in Connecticut river, oppo- site, and marked " B. "W." In 1766 Governor "Wentworth granted his reservation in Olaremont to Joseph Waite, in consideration of his services in the French and Indian war. In 1776 Joseph Waite 174 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. was appointed Lieutenant Colonel of Col. Timothy Bedell's regi- ment, raised in New Hampshire, and sent in command of it to the defense of Canada ; was wounded in the head by a splinter from a gun carriage, in an engagement near Lake Champlain, and died in Clarendon, Vt., when on his way to his home in Claremont, Sep- tember 28, 1776. In some way Lieut. George Hubbard acquired a title to the Governor Wentworth shares — supposed from the widow and heirs of Lieutenant Colonel Waite. Aftei-ward a controversy as to the validity of Governor Wentworth's title to his reservations in this and other townships arose, but by compromise or in some other way Lieutenant Hubbard continued in possession of this five hundred acres until his death, April 16, 1818. He was succeeded on this farm by his son, known for many years as Isaac Hubbard, Esq., who died January 29, 1861. This was an exceptionally fine tract of land, and Isaac Hubbard an excellent farmer, as was his father before him. He was interested in choice farm stock, espe- cially neat cattle, and had some of the best in this section. He raised an ox of the short-horn Durham breed, which was remark- able for its great size, beauty of proportions, and color. This ox was called " Olympus," and the following were his weights at diflrerent periods : January 4, 1833, when just one year old, 874 pounds; December 23, 1833, 1,280 ; January 5, 1835, 1,800,* December 26, 1835, 2,350 ; February 15, 1837, 2,190 ; April 4, 1838, 3,370. In the fall of 1838 Olympus was taken to England for exhibition, by a Mr. Wiles of Boston, and given the name of "Brother Jonathan." The following is the way in which he was advertised on the other side of the Atlantic : The Araerican Mammoth Ox, Brother Jonathan, weighing 4,000 pounds or 600 stone, of beautiful proportions. This astonishing animal was seven years old on the 4th of Jan. 1839; color dapple bay; was bred by the Hon. Isaac Hubbard, in the Town of Claremont, State of New Hampshire, New England, and imported to England under a heavy bond to her Majesty's customs to re-ship Brother Jonathan to America in six months. This beautiful creature was exhib- ited at the Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, London, seven weeks, during which time 22,368 persons visited him, including most every branch of the Royal Family and the leading Agricultural noblemen and gentlemen. He has been purchased H LU UJ ' OS H ■ !'■' oo Q ' ■ i ■ < n Oi ca ,.v^ z ^ 1 m '■ , 1 > /■ ^^ '■■■iM ■.t ^h '■ .f 1 SOLDIERS' MONUMENT, HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 175 by some gentlemen for the purpose of exhibiting him through the agricultural dis- tricts, to show the laudable rivalry in our Transatlantic Brethren. Her Maj- esty's Government have been pleased to extend the bond. PROPOKTIONS. Measuring in length from nose to rump, 11 ft. 10 in.; height over fore shoulder, 5 ft. 11 in. ; girth, 10 ft. 6 in. ; loins, 9 ft. 11 in. ; breadth of hips, 3 ft. 1 in. ; breadth shoulders, 2 ft. 11 in.; girth of fore arm, 2 ft. 6 in. ; height of breast from ground, 1 ft. 11 in. This ox was afterward taken to France for exhibition, and re- turned to England, where he was slaughtered for beef After the death of Isaac Hubbard, Esq., the farm was divided, his son, the late Rev. Dr. Isaac G. Hubbard, taking a portion, which is still owned by his heirs, and his grandson, Isaac Hubbard Long, the rest, which he has since occupied. HIGHLAND VIEW FARM. Ill 1877, William H. H. Moody, a native of the town, by reason of impaired health, caused by too close application to business as the head of the shoe manufacturing firm of Moody, Estabrook & Andersons of Nashua, and having acquired a considerable fortune, retired temporarily from the firm and turned his attention to the res- toration of his health by out-door exercise. He returned to Claremont, bought what had long been known as the Mann farm of eighty-seven acres on the Charlestown road, a little more than a mile south of the village, and immediately began the erection of fine buildings, upon high ground, overlooking the village, commanding a view of a large extent of surrounding country, and improving his land by ditching and other means employed by good farmers with ample means. The house is large, substantial, and elegant — two stories with Mansard roof, wide piazzas and verandas on three sides, and elaborately finished and decorated inside. Near to it is a neat cot- tage for the superintendent of the farm and stables. The build- ings, about a hundred rods west of the Charlestown road, are reached by a winding avenue on either side of which is a row of 176 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. rock maple trees. The grounds in front of the house are orna- mented by evergreen and other trees and shrubs, giving the place a picturesque appearance. Having a liking for good horses, Mr. Moodj turned his attention to breeding blooded stock for trotters and gentlemen's driving horses, and erected barns, sheds, and otlier buildings for that pur- pose. There are three barns, one hundred by fifty feet, and one hundred by thirty, and forty by eighty, and twenty-five box stalls, under the same roof, each twelve by fifteen feet, well lighted and aired, for brood mares. At the south side of the road to Claremont Junction, two miles from the village, he has a park of thirty acres, with a tight board fence, eight feet high on the highway ; stables for the accommodation of thirty horses, with running water at convenient points, and a track on which the horses are exercised by careful and experienced drivers. It is named Highland View Park. The track is sixty-five feet wide, the ends thrown up one inch to the foot ; twenty thousand cart loads of earth were moved in the grading of it, and it is as level, hard, and perfect as money and skillfal engineering could make it. Mr. Moody's stock horses are among the best blooded animals in the country, with undoubted pedigrees. In 1893 he had in all — stock horses, brood mares, and colts of all ages — one hundred and fifty head. His ambition is to have not only the most complete and best equipped horse breeding establishment in New England, but the best blooded stock in the country. He is at work with this end constantly in view, and is not far from its accomplishment. From time to time Mr. Moody has added to his original purchase several different tracts, some of which have good buildings upon them, and has now six hundred acres, all connected. This land has been vastly improved by blind ditching and tile draining, re- moving all loose stones, great and small, and generous fertilizing. A notable thing about the place is a wall on the west side of the Charlestown road, extending from his south line to his north line, at Draper Corner, made with stones taken from the land. Many of the bowlders were too large to be removed ]by ordinary means without being broken up or split. This being done they made good face wall, which was skillfully laid. It is four feet wide on the top, u < >- a o o X > Q z < X g X WILLIAM H. H. MOODY. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 177 IB sunk into the ground two or three feet, and six feet high above the surface. To supply his buildings with an abundance of pure water, with head sufficient to carry it forcibly to desired points, in 1892 Mr. Moody sunk into a ledge back of and higher than the top of his house, an artesian well six inches in diameter and one hundred feet deep. The water is forced into a large reservoir by means of a pump attached to a Gem wheel, operated by a wind-mill, and from this reservoir it is taken in pipes to places where it is desired. After a few years Mr. Moody almost wholly recovered the health and vigor of his early days, and resumed his former place in the shoe firm, from the profits of which he derives an income sufficient to enable him to carry forward his Claremont projects. The most of his time winters he spends in Boston, where the firm has an office and warehouse, and the summers he spends upon his farm, going occasionally to Boston. He has an effi- cient and trusty superintendent here who attends to everything in his absence. THE BRECK FARM. This farm is situated on the road to "Windsor, Vt, four miles from Claremont village, north of and adjoining the Cupola farm. It contains one hundred and thirty acres, about seventy of which is Connecticut river meadow, in a high state of cultivation. In 1792 William Breck bought and settled on this farm, and he and his descendants have owned and occupied it continuously to the present time. He died November 22, 1819, and was suc- ceeded by his son, William, who had been a sea captain. The latter died April 13, 1848, when his brother, Henry, took the farm, and continued upon it until his death, July 10, 1872, at the age of eighty-six years, then his youngest son, Charles P. Breck, came into possession of the farm and owns it still. In many ways this is a very desirable farm, where location, fertility of the soil, and the ease with which it is worked are considered. Under the pres- 178 HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. ent owner the farm has been greatly improved in productiveness, buildings, and surroundings, adding to its value and attractiveness. Upon it in 1892 one hundred tons of hay were cut; twelve hun- dred baskets of sound corn and other grains and root crops raised ; two hundred sheep, fifty neat cattle, and eight horses were kept. Mr. Breck, being a cattle fancier, gives attention to good breeds, and has some fine animals. The buildings on the place are ample, and kept in a good state of repair. THE MICHAEL LOVELL FARM. This farm, on Town hill, contains one hundred and fifty acres. It was owned by Asa Jones and then by Benjamin Jones, from 1784 to 1804, when it was bought by Alexander Ealston, who kept a tavern there, known as the Ealston Tavern, until about 1815. In 1821 Michael Lovell bought the place, and from that time it has been owned by him and his connections, and has been known as the Michael Lovell farm. In 1850 Gordon Way, whose wife was Mr. Lovell's daughter, took the farm and occupied it until his death, in 1880, when it went into possession of his son. Dr. Osmon B. Way, who still owns it. The land slopes to the east, is very strong, well cultivated, and produces abundantly of grass, grain, and other crops. Since Dr. Way has owned this farm, the house and other buildings have been remodeled, thoroughly re- paired, and are in excellent condition. The location commands an extended view of the surrounding country, the superior of which for attractiveness is seldom found. THE JARVIS FARM. This is a large farm on Town hill. It was bought by Dr. Leon- ard Jarvis, of Judge Sanford Kingsbury, in 1795, and was owned and occupied by him until his death, in 1848, after which his son, Russell Jarvis, succeeded to it. He died in February, 1888, and the farm has since been o^^ned by his heirs. It is beauti- fully located, and the soil is naturally excellent. The specialty of the place has been the breeding of merino sheep and the pro- duction of fine wool. ISAAC HUBBARD. HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. 179 THE JAMES P. UPHAM FARM. This farm, formerly known as the Dove farm, consists of two hundred and thirteen acres, mostly upland, on Town hill. It was several years a part of the Dr. Leonard Jarvis farm. Mr. Upham bought it in 1850, of Russell Jarvis, and built upon it a handsome two-story house and ample barns and farm appurte- nances. He has given considerable attention to fruit culture, particularly apples. From 1850 to 1860 he set out four hundred apple, two hundred pear, and a large number of smaller fruit trees, all grafted with choice varieties of fruit, making a fine young orchard. The lawn in front of the house, sloping to the east, is ornamented with evergreen and other trees and shrubs. Like other places on Town hill, this one commands a view of a large extent of picturesque country, scarcely equalled. On the farm Mr. Upham keeps blooded Jersey cattle, and flocks of me- rino and southdown sheep ; cuts annually seventy-five tons of hay ; raises seven hundred baskets of corn, and six hundred bushels of smaller grains, together with potatoes and root crops. THE DK. SAMUEL O. JARVIS FARM Is at West Claremont, two and a half miles from the village, on the road to Windsor, "Vt. It consists of upland, sloping to the south, strong, rich soil, capable of producing large crops of grass and grain. It was occupied by Dr. Samuel G. Jarvis for more than fifty years preceding his death, on the 5th of March, 1892. He made the raising of merino sheep and the growing of fine wool a specialty. It is owned by his two sons, Drs. William and Leonard Jarvis. THE LAB AN AINSWORTH FAEM. This was formerly the Luther Ashley farm. It is situated a short distance south of Claremont Junction, and contains about three hundred and fifty acres, seventy of it being Connecticut river meadow, a portion of which is flowed at times of high water each spring. It is an excellent farm and very productive with a moderate 180 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. amount of labor. It was bought by Laban Ainswortb in 1837, and he lived there until his death, May 19, 1881, since which it has been owned by his sons, George J. and Ralph Ainsworth. They cut one hundred and fifty tons of hay annually, raise large quantities of corn and other grains, keep from sixty to seventy-five neat cattle, six horses, and fatten from thirty to thirty-five good-sized hogs. THE COOKE FAEM Is on the road from Claremont to Windsor, Vt., about midway be- tween the two places. This was a widely known tavern stand for many years — the tavern being a long two-story house, on the oppo- site side of the highway from the present handsome mansion, and was not removed until about 1858. In 1779 Capt. John Cooke bought this farm and tavern stand and continued the business until his death, February 8, 1810, when his sons, George and Godfrey, succeeded to the tavern business and farm. After a few years the tavern business was abandoned. Godfrey died April 4, 1849, and. George survived him until October 29, 1850. This is a large and valuable farm, considerable of it being Connecticut river meadow. It has been known for more than a hundred years as the Cooke farm, and has been owned for more than fifteen years by Erastus Reed. JOHN bailey's farm. This was originally the Oliver Ashley farm, just south of Ashley Ferry. For many years it was owned by Benajah Rogers, then by his son, Abram. In 1882 John Bailey bought and has since owned it. It contains one hundred and twenty-five acres, seventy-five of which is Connecticut river meadow, and he has other out lands. He is a progressive farmer, liberal in the use of manures, knows how to make two blades of grass grow where but one grew before, and has improved his land every year since he bought it. He has remodeled and thoroughly repaired the buildings and erected a good new barn, thoroughly ventilated and well lighted. He cuts about one hundred tons of hay each year ; raises from one thousand to twelve hundred baskets of corn, five or six hundred 00 O S < O O O z X o < o HISTORY OF CLAEBMONT. 181 bushels of oats, potatoes and other crops ; has a considerable dairy and fattens twenty hogs. In many Avays this is a very desirable farm. Besides those farms particularly noted, may be mentioned as among the best, the William Jones farm, just north of the Junction railroad station, owned by the heirs of Lucian E. Jones ; on the river road, the Ralph Ainsworth farm, one hundred and fifty acres, owned by Charles H. Ainsworth ; the "Woster Jones farm, owned by George F. Long. These farms have considerable Connecticut river meadow, good corn and grass land, free from stones and easily worked. On the Charlestown road, the Edward Ainsworth farm, owned by Walter H. and William E. Ainsworth, and the Joel Goss farm, owned by George P. Eossiter. These are upland farms, strong rich soil and productive. On Bible hill, the Erastus Glid- den farm, for many years owned by Joshua Colby and his son Henry, and now by James Sylvester and James Brown, and the Ira Colby farm, now owned by Daniel Adams. These are among the best hill farms in town, and with good management have been quite profitable. On the east road to Cornish Flat, a little more than a mile north of the village, the Ichabod Hitchcock farm, owned by Frederick P. Smith, very productive of grass and grain crops. On the southeast side of Green Mountain were formerly several good farms, high up, but sloping to the south, strong soil, excellent for the production of grass, small grains, and potatoes. These have been mostly acquired by Prescott Putnam, who has about five hun- dred acres, made up of the Jonathan E. Row ell and Samuel C. Abbott farms and a part of that formerly owned by the late Abner Stowell. Mr. Putnam has a large dairy and makes butter for the home market. The Lemon Cowles farm, on the southwestern slope of Green mountain, for many years owned by him, then by his son, Tracy Cowles, and now by the latter's heirs, is also a good grass, small grain, and root crop farm. On the old road to JNewport, a mile and a half east of the village, is the Solomon Hubbard farm, Sugar river meadow and upland, owned by Freeman S. Chellis. Next east is the Bartlett Clement farm, for many years owned by 182 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. Samuel Tutherly and his son, William E. Tutherly, later hy Syl- vester Bartlett, and now by James N". Perkins, contains nearly three hundred acres, and is classed with the best upland farms. In Puckershire are the Proctor farm, owned by George Walker; the Harriman farm, owned by Jacob W. Sanborn ; the Way farm, owned by Enoch Johnson; the John Blodgett farm, owned by Herbert E. Tutherly — which has been named the Elm Farm — on which is kept a dairy and supplies milk to the village ; the Barstow farm, owned by William F. Jones, where a specialty is made of raising poultry and producing eggs for the home and Boston mar- kets. On Maple avenue is the Joseph Wilson farm, which has been in the possession of the Wilson family since 1776, and is now owned by Josiah Wilson, a grandson of Joseph. In the north part of the town is the large farm, owned and occupied by the late Solon C. Qrannis for seventy years and now owned by his heirs; the Bailey farm, now owned by Erastus B. Bailey ; the farm on Red Water brook road, owned by Samuel H. Andrews, the neat ap- pearance of whose buildings and surroundings attract attention. On the old road to the Junction, bordering on Sugar river, is the Harvey Tolles farm of about two hundred and twenty acres of Sugar river and Beaver brook meadow and upland. More than forty years ago Mr. Tolles raised on this farm an ox, which at maturity weighed over three thousand pounds. The farm is now owned by his son, Lawrence A. Tolles, who makes a specialty of producing and supplying milk to the village. At the south end of Broad street is the Cossit farm. It has been owned by the Cossit family for nearly a hundred and twenty-five years — first by Ambrose Cossit, then by his son, Ambrose, then by his son, John F., and is now owned by the latter's son, Henry A. Cossit. On the hill, east of the old road to Newport, is the Nathaniel Cowles farm, now owned by Stepen J. Roberts. This is a productive and valuable hill farm. CHAPTER XIII. TOWN HILL. PART OF THE TOWN FIRST SETTLED. In the earlj' daj's of the settlement of the town and for many years, Town hill was the center of population, business, and fash- ion. The highway from the Cupola house south, if not the first, was one of the first, built in town, and until long after the Revolutionary War, was the only road from points south on the Connecticut river to Haverhill. There is a tradition that it was called the King's highway. Through the town it was laid out ten rods wide, and for a considerable distance on Town hill, on either side was a row of tall Lombardy poplars. In a dis- tance of about a mile and a half from Lottery bridge south were more than twenty houses — by far the best in town and some of them large and for that time fine and expensive. The first house south of Lottery bridge was occupied by James Balloch, a Scotchman, father of George W. and William Balloch. Subsequently the son, George W. Balloch, for many years a famous butcher, lived there, and in this house Gen. George W. Balloch of Washington, D. C, was born. The next two were occupied by Suraners. Then there are evidences of three or four houses, about which there is no known history. East of the highway John Wise, a Scotchman, who married Hannah, daughter of Benjamin Sumner, built a large and hand- some house, and nearly opposite was the Dove house, not far from where James P. TJpham's house now stands. On the west side of the highway is the Judge Sanford Kingsbury house, the same now occupied by the heirs of Russell Jarvis. E"ext comes 184 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. the Stephen Mann place, afterward owned by George "Wooddell now by Thomas J. Fitch. Near his buildings is now standing- a portion of the first meeting-house in town. It was also used for a schoolhouse. On the east side of the highway is the Barna- bas Ellis place, bought by him of Josiah Willard, one of the grantees of the town, in 1767, after whose death it was owned by his youngest son, "William Ellis, who was born there in 1807 and lived there until his death, in August, 1880, since which it has been owned by the latter's son, William B. Ellis. Next, on the west side of the highway, is the Dr. Thomas Sterne place. Dr. Sterne was the first physician settled in town. He came here from Boston in 1768, and soon built the house on this place, which was then the largest and most elegant one in this vi- cinity. He died there November 24, 1816. For a number of years this place was owned by Stephen Mann, who kept a tav- ern there, then by Hugh Moore, who sold it to James Leet and it was known as the Leet place for many years. James P. Upham bought the farm in 1893 and took the house down. Next, on the same side of the way was the Nicholas Farwell house and shoe shop. The house was the John Picket house,, one of the first framed houses built in town, the same in which George N. Farwell was born in 1804, and Dr. Silas H. Sabine afterward lived and practiced his profession. Just south of this Capt. John Farwell, brother of Nicholas, also a shoemaker, lived. Both of these Farwells removed to the village about 1813 and continued the shoemaking business. Nicholas built the brick house, corner of Broad and Pine streets, where Herman Holt now lives, and Capt. John built the one on the east side of Broad street, where Herbert Bailey lives. Next, on the same side of the highway, is the Ealston place. It was owned prior to 1784 by Asa Jones, who sold it in that year to Alexander Kalston, a Scotchman, who came from Boston to Keene, and from thence to Claremont. Mr. Ealston was so intensely loyal that he was included in the act of banishment from Boston in 1778. HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 185 Alexander Ralston, John Wise, and James Balloch came from Scotland to America together, all lived on Town hill for a time and were fast friends. Mr. Ralston purchased four tracts of land in that locality, which included most of what is now the Way farm and the territory west of it, extending to Connecti- cut river — two hundred and eighty acres in all. Three of these tracts were bought of Asa Jones and the other of John Spencer. About 1784 Mr. Ralston built the large two-story house and L now standing, and with repairs and improvements made upon it by the present proprietor, it is in excellent condition. In this house was kept for more than thirty years the widely known Rals- ton tavern. Being on the main road from Massachusetts to north- western New Hampshire and northeastern Vermont, it was a famous stopping place for the daily six-horse stage, the large can- vas-covered freight wagons, and pleasure travelers. For a time the Free Masons held their regular meetings in the large hall in the house. On occasion of one of these meetings Mrs. Ralston's curiosity to know the secrets of the order led her to go quietly to the unfinished attic over the hall and listen to the proceedings. She was a large, heavy woman, and by mischance stepped upon the lathing, her feet went through the ceiling, and she was only relieved from her embarrassing position by the help of her hus- band and his brother Masons. The evidence of this adventure remained in the ceiling until the house was renovated in 1887. In 1804 Mr. Ralston sold the tavern and about one hundred and fifty acres of land, which constitutes the Way farm, to Benjamin Jones, and returned to Keene, where he died in 1810. John White kept the tavern for a time and was followed by John Newell, a pioneer Methodist, whose son, Matthew, became a Methodist preacher. He removed to Weathersfield, Vt., and was the grandfather of Wilbur, Charles, and Asbury Newell, now living there. From 1795 to 1806 Jesse Lee and other itinerant Methodist preachers held occasional meetings in the hall of the Ralston tavern. Before the controversy in relation to the Congregational meet, ing-house, which continued for some years, was settled, Matthias 13 186 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Stone erected a suitable building for the purpose and offered to donate it to the town for a meeting-house. At a town meeting, called to consider the matter, it was voted not to accept the gift — probably on account of the location — and the structure was never used as a place of worship, but was removed to this farm, where it now stands, and has been used for a barn. Prior to the purchase of this property by Mr. Ralston, in 1784, on what is now the Way farm, was a house which was said to have been recently burned, on or near the site of the present one ; the John Picket house ; the store building and a blacksmith and wheel- wright shop opposite. In 1815 Benjamin Jones sold the Way place to Danforth Parmalee, at which time the tavern business was discontinued. In 1820 it was sold to Michael Lovell, and was known as the Michael Lovell farm from then until his death, April 29, 1860, in the ninety-sixth year of his age. In 1850 Gordon Way, whose wife was a daughter of Mr. Lovell, took the place and kept it until his death, in 1880, soon after which it passed into the possession of his son. Dr. Osmon B. Way, who still owns it. South of this, on the west side of the highway, was the Christo- pher York place, afterward owned by Michael McConnon. Arnold Merrill lived there a few years preceding his death and was the last occupant of the house. It has since been taken down. Nearly opposite was a place owned by Oliver Corey, father of Mrs. Nicholas Harwell. The buildings were removed years ago. At the south of these places, in a lot distant from the highway, was formerly a pest-house, where persons afflicted with small-pox were treated. Many of the habitations named and others not named went to decay so many years ago that there is no known record or reliable tradition in relation to them, and there is now nothing but cellar holes, and in a few instances wells, left to mark the places where they stood. Town hill is an elevation from its surroundings, gently sloping to the east to meet the morning sun, and west to Connecticut river. The soil is warm, strong, and generous, and here are HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 187 some of the best farms in town. From this elevation are exten- sive views of Connecticut river valley ; Ascutney, the Green Mountain range, and other sections of Vermont ; parts of Charles- town, Walpole, Acworth, Lempster, Unity, Newport, Croydon, Grantham, Plainfield, Cornish, and New London — the whole forming a panorama of quiet beauty rarely equalled. INDUSTRIES. CHAPTER XIV. WATER POWER. MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL INTERESTS. One of the great advantages and sources of wealth of Clare- mont is its superior water power, derived mainly from Sugar river. This river is the outlet of Sunapee lake, which is nine and a half miles long, and from half a mile to two and a half miles wide, and is eight hundred and twenty feet above Connect- icut river, into which it empties in the town of Claremont. Sugar river is about eighteen miles long from its source to its mouth. It passes through the towns of Sunapee, Newport, and Clare- mont. It is fed by what is called South Branch, which has its source in Lempster, Unity, and Goshen ; the North Branch coming from Springfield, Grantham, and Croydon, both of which it re- ceives in the town of Newport, after passing the village of that town, and other smaller streams along its course. But the river is chiefly supplied with water from Sunapee lake, especially in dry times. The Sunapee Dam Company was incorporated by the New Hampshire legislature, December 4, 1820. This company is com- posed of mill owners in Claremont, Newport, and Sunapee, who derive their motive power from Sugar river. Among the rights granted by the legislature was that " to sink the outlet of Suna- pee lake at the source of Sugar river to the depth of ten feet below the low water mark of said lake, and to erect and main- tain a dam there, with suitable gates and flumes, to the height of said low water mark, for the benefit of the mills and mill privileges." 192 HISTORY OF CLAEBMONT. For many years Sugar river has furnished the power for a very large number of mills, representing a variety of industries in the towns through which it runs, and, at the present time, is a prin- cipal source of their wealth. Upon this water power they depend for their future growth and prosperity. As above stated, the fall of this river is eight hundred and twenty feet. In the town of Claremont it falls three hundred feet or more, and there are thirteen excellent mill privileges on these falls. Upon many of these privileges are mills upon both sides of the river, thus af- fording opportunity to utilize the whole power. It is estimated that each foot of fall is capable of turning one thousand spindles. There is a fall of two hundred and twenty-three feet in these thir- teen privileges. The Sunapee Dam Company was duly organized immediately after the charter was granted, and suitable dam and other appli- ances were erected for the purpose of holding the water of Suna- pee lake in reserve for use at times of low water in the river, by mills along its course. This corporation has been kept up, and the dam and other appliances erected have been maintained and improved from time to time. Whenever the lands about the lake have been flowed, or other damage accrued from the erec- tion of this clam, those injured have been compensated by the company, and in not a few instances the right to flow has been purchased. Without this great natural reservoir, and the right to use it, granted by the legislature, neither Claremont, E"ewport, nor Sunapee could have reached their present condition of wealth and consequent importance. Although this conipan}- has the right to draw the lake down ten feet below low water mark, it has never been drawn to any- thing like that extent. Since 1820, when the Sunapee Dam Com- pany Avas incorporated, the manufacturing business of Claremont, dependent upon water power, with a few pauses and lapses, has gradually, but steadily, growm to its present proportions. The first real, earnest start in manufacturing business did not occur until about 1833. In 1879 the late venerable Simeon Ide, who HISTORY OF CLABBMONT. 193 for many years — from 1834 — was prominently identified with the manufacturing interests of Claremont, prepared and published a little book, entitled " The Industries of Claremont, New Hamp- shire, Past and Present," containing many valuable statistics. This is the most reliable known source of information, and from it are gathered many facts upon this subject. Of this water power Mr. Ide says : From the statistics I have at hand, it would seem there was comparatively but very little use made of it previous to the year 1833-34. There was then at the upper fall, No. 1, a gristmill on the south side of the river; on the third fall, No. 3, .south side, a wool-carding and fulling mill, carried on by Woodman & Elmer, and a furnace by Roswell Elmer; and on the north side a small hand-making paper mill, having two 120 lb. pulp engines, and other Tiecessary appliances of that day in proportion, for making paper, owned and operated by Fiske & Blake, successors of the first paper maker in Cheshire county. Colonel Josiah Stevens. On fall No. 4 was a seven feet dam, and till the first of January, 1833, only water enough was drawn from it to move Tim- othy Eastman's bark-grinding machine. The Claremont Manufacturing Com- pany's stone factory, on the south side, had recently been put in order to receive its machinery. On the fifth fall, east side of the river, was the Tyler saw and grist mill ; on the west side, a wool-carding, spinning, weaving, and cloth-dress- ing factory. On the sixth fall, west side, Farwell's cotton factory, with Billings's machine shop in the basement or L, first put in operation in 1831 ; and on the west side, in "the Gully,'' a small slate-sawing and planing mill, operated by €urtis Stoddard. On falls Nos. 7, 8, and 9, in 1832 not even a dam had been built, so far as I can learn. Following the above order in a more minute historical descriptive view of the several present and former mill sites in the village proper of Claremont, the earliest date at which I find there had been any use made of that at fall No. 1, north side of the river, was about the year 1800, when Stephen Dexter erected a small building there, and he and his brother. Colonel David Dexter, carried on in it a scythe-making concern till about 1824. They also owned grist, saw, and oil mills, located on and near where the Monadnock Mills -Company's sawmill now stands, which were run by water drawn from a low jdam then standing about midway between dams Nos. 1 and 2. On the decease of Colonel Dexter, in 1830, his son-in-law, Moses Wheeler, in 1831, succeeded the Messrs. Dexter in the several branches of business above stated, except the «oythe factory, as sole proprietor, and carried them on for several years. In 1837-38 a two-story brick building took the site of the old Dexter scythe shop, and was owned and occupied by the Claremont Carriage Company two 194 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. or three years. Hard times finally put a stop to this company's operations, and soon afterwards their buildings were destroyed by fire. Paran Stevens, Timothy Eastman, Moses Wheeler, A. J. Tenney, T. J. Harris (agent), were of the company. In 1843-44 the present three-story brick building was erected. It stood empty a few years, when John Fiske put into it cotton machinery; run it two or three years; then a Mr. Cozens bought the property, continued busi- ness but a short time, when the Monadnock Mills Company bought and con- tinued its use as a cotton mill until 1863, and then substituted the woolen for the old cotton machinery. This is the only factory on the north side of the river operated by power from fall No. 1. On the south side, in olden time, Colonel Josiah Stevens, it is said, built a one-story wooden building at the south end of the upper bridge, and put into it machinery for making paper. This must have been, according to Mr. Ide, prior to 1810. The building was burned about 1812, and the present two-story wood structure erected there, which, in 1831, was owned and occupied by David W. Dexter as a gristmill. It was afterwards used for various purposes, and is now the repair shop of the Monadnock Mills Company. MANUFACTURING AND OTHER INDUSTRIES. MONADNOCK MILLS. In 1831 the ISTew Hampshire legislature granted to Leonard Jarvis, Joseph T. Adams, and Russell Jarvis and their associates, a charter under the name of the Sugar River Manufacturing Compan}', for the purpose of carrying on the business of manufac- turing cotton and woolen goods in all their branches, in the town of Claremont. The charter was signed by Franklin Pierce, speaker of the house; Samuel Cartland, president of the senate, and Sam- uel Dinsmoor, governor. In 1844 the company was organized, the mill now known as Mill No. 1 was put up and partly finished, and tenement and boarding houses built. Machinery was not put into the mill, and the property was idle until 1844, when the whole was sold to Parker, "Wilder & Parker, and others, of Boston, who com- pleted the mill and put in machinery for manufacturing cotton sheeting. Henry Russell was appointed agent, and took charge as superintendent of the mill. He was succeeded by Jonas Livingston in November, 1845. In 1846, by act of the legislature, the name of the company was changed to that of Monadnock Mills. >- H Di a. O O o z Q < z o s DANIEL W. JOHNSON. HISTORY OF CLAREMOKT. 195 In 1853 the company bought the grist and saw mill and cabinet shop on the north side of the river, on the Island, so called, in- creased its capital stock to two hundred thousand dollars, and erected Mill No. 2, equal in capacity to Mill 'No. 1. In 1856 the plant was further increased by the purchase of what was known as SunapeeMill, at the north side of the river, which was operated as a cotton mill until 1864, when the cotton machinery was exchanged for that for making wool flannel, and was changed back again in 1881. In 1859 the gas works, which have since supplied the mills and village with gas for illumination, were built. In 1866 the mo- tive power for operating these mills, derived from Sugar river, was supplemented by a two hundred and fifty horse power steam engine, the boiler for which heats the mills, and the engine fur- nishes power in times of low water. In 1871 the company put in looms and other machinery for the purpose, and began making Marseilles quilts. In 1874 a brick building between Mills No. 1 and No. 2 was erected, to be used for bleaching and finishing the goods made. In 1892 a weaving mill one hundred and ninety-six by sixty-seven feet feet on the ground, three stories and basement, was built west of and in a line with the other two, and early in the following year was put in operation. The whole number of hands employed in these mills is 425, and the monthly pay-roll is $12,000. The annual product is one million pounds of cotton sheeting and Marseilles quilts. In 1863, after having had charge of these mills seventeen years, Jonas Livingston resigned, and was succeeded by Daniel "W. Johnson, who occupied the position until his death, on April 29, 1894, and he was suc- ceeded by Frank P. Vogl, for many years clerk in the office, and paymaster. For fifty years this corporation has been an important factor in the growth and prosperity of Claremont, and a good in- vestment for its stockholders. SDLLIVAN MACHrNERY COMPANY. This company occupies the water-power from fall No. 3, thirteen feet, which was formerly owned by Eoswell Elmer, who carried on a small iron foundry, making castings for plows, stoves, potash 196 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. kettles, etc. Mr. Elmer was succeeded by George "W. Emerson, in a similar kind of business, who in 1850 built a machine shop. In 1851, D. A. Clay & Co., consisting of D. A. Clay, James P. Upham, and John S. "Walker, leased the machine shop and started a general machine business. Subsequently James P. Upham purchased the water-power and real estate, including the foundry,of Mr. Emerson, made extensive additions to the buildings and facilities for doing business, which was continued for a few years by D. A. Clay & Co. In 1868 the Sullivan Machine Company was organized, and pur- chased this property, — J. P. Upham, president, R. "W". Love, treas- urer, and Albert Ball, superintendent. These gentlemen owned most of the stock of the company. Mr. Love subsequently sold his interest to Charles B. Kice, who took Mr. Love's place as treas- urer. Mr. Rice died May 26, 1891, and was succeeded by J. Dun- can Upham. Between 1888 and 1890, all the old buildings, fur- nace, machine shop, and office, mostly of wood, were replaced by handsome and substantial brick structures, as shown in the illus- tration. In April, 1892, the Sullivan Machinery Company, to succeed the Sullivan Machine Company and the Dimond Pros- pecting Company, of Chicago, 111., was organized, and the fol- lowing officers elected : President, Frederick K. Copeland, of Chi- cago; vice-president, James P. Upham; mechanical engineer, Albert Ball ; treasurer, J. Duncan Upham ; secretary, Thomas W. Fry, of Claremont. The business of the present company is the manufacture of diamond drills for the prospecting of mineral lands; quarrying machinery ; coal and other mining machinery ; paper roving cans for cotton mills; corn crackers; water wheels, etc. It takes con- tracts for prospecting mineral and coal lands, and operating its machinery in stone quarries and coal mines, in which branches, in ordinary business times, from fifty to a hundred men are em- ployed. The principal shops of the company are in Claremont, where, in the different departments, one hundred and twenty-five men are employed, and the pay-roll is about five thousand dol- lars per month. The principal selling office is in Chicago, while JAMES P. UPHAM. JOHN TYLER, 2D. a z < a. < a. oi Ul > < O C/2 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 197 they have a salesroom in Denver, Col., and an office in New York city. The machinery and tools made by this company are sold to go to almost every quarter of the globe. Many of the machines and tools made, sold, and used by this company bave been originated or perfected by Albert Ball, its mechanical engineer, wbo has also invented and patented many other machines — some of them quite complicated — for different purposes. SUGAR KIVER PAPER MILL COMPANT. V This company was incorporated in 1866 — capital stock one hundred thousand dollars, mostly owned by citizens of Clare- mont — erected mills on fall No. 6, east side of the river, for the manufacture of print paper, and commenced business in 1868. The dam first erected was twenty-two feet high, and was after- ward raised three feet. The power derived from Sugar river is supplemented by two steam engines aggregating two hundred and twenty-five horse power. John Tyler, a large stockholder in the company, superintended the erection of the dam and mill. The officers since the organization of the company have been : John Tyler, president ; John L. Farwell, treasurer ; John T. Em- erson, agent. In 1884 they purchased of Reuben Shepardson, what has been known as the Lafayette privilege, on the " Gully," on the west side of the river, and tunneled through the rock of the island, formed by the main stream and this " Gully," two hundred and four feet, the tunnel being six feet square, taking the water that runs in the " Gully" into their pond, thus getting the use of all the water that runs in the river. The Lafayette privilege had the right to take from the river, above the dam on privilege No. 6, and down this gully, one half the water of the river, and return it to the main stream below the paper mill dam. By this arrangement this company obviate, to a consider- able extent, the use of steam to supplement their water power. In 1889 this company added to its plant the grist and saw mills, known as the Sugar River Mill property, next above on the 198 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. stream. The paper mill was built for a two ton mill, but by improvements in machinery, methods of manufacturing, and keep- ing pace with the times, its average production now is nine tons of fine book and news paper per day. It may be said that this is the first manufacturing corporation in Claremont that has con- tinued with substantially the same stockholders, under the same management, and with a good degree of success from its start. THE CLAREMONT MANUFACTURING COMPANY. This company was chartered by the New Hampshire legislature in 1832, with an authorized capital of one hundred thousand dol- lars. It was the first company for manufacturing purposes organ- ized in Claremont. The largest stockholders were Austin Tyler, Timothy S. Gleason, William Rossiter, and Timothy Eastman. The plant was located on the south side of the river, at fall No. 4. The walls of the factory building and a large two-story ten- ement house are of stone, quarried within a few rods of their location. The business contemplated was the manufacture of cotton and woolen goods and printing and writing papers. In December, 1834, Simeon Ide, then a bookseller, printer, and pub- lisher of a weekly paper at "Windsor, Vt., sold to the Claremont Manufacturing Company his entire stock of books and the print- ing establishment, taking his paj^ in the stock of the company, and came to Claremont and took the agency and general management of the concern, which he continued until 1858, and was succeeded by his brother-in-law, Edward L. Goddard. Mr. Ide sold his stock to his two sons, George G. and Lemuel N. Ide. Mr. Goddard con- tinued as agent until 1867, when George G. Ide succeeded to the place, and continued in it until his death, in 1883, and he was suc- ceeded by his brother, Lemuel K Ide. The business was contin- ued until 1880, when the paper-mill building and machinery were destroyed by fire, and the building has not been replaced. The printing and book making was continued until 1886, when the busi- ness was discontinued. The factory building and water-power were sold to Messrs Maynard & Washburn, and the houses and SIMEON IDE. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 199 Other buildings to other parties. The factory building has since been occupied by John H. Parke for a shoeshop, and by an electric plant. For many years the Claremont Manufacturing Company employed from fifty to eighty hands. SLIPPER SHOP. In February, 1887, John H. Parke, of Lynn, Mass., began manufacturing a high grade of men's slippers in the building formerly occupied by the Claremont Manufacturing Company for printing and binding books. Subsequently shoes and women's boots were added to the products of this establishment. From sixty to seventy-five hands are employed, and the pay-roll is about $2,500 per month. SUGAR RIVER MILLS COMPANV. The mills of this company are at fall No. 5, on the east side of the river. From the Upper Bridge, or fall No. 1, Sugar river runs nearly due west, but between the Claremont Manufacturing Com- pany's privilege and the next one below it, the river turns and runs nearly due south ; hence the reader will understand why a part of the privileges named are said to be on the south and a part on the north side of the river, and so of those named as being on its north and west side. This fall No. 5 has been known for sev- eral generations as the old " Tyler Mills " privilege. Benjamin Tyler, before referred to, one of the first settlers of the town, once owned all the water-power from fall No. 1 to No. 9, both inclusive. He erected the first grist and saw mills in town, at the west part, in 1768, and the old " Tyler Mills " on this privilege in 178.5. He gave the latter to his son Ephraim on his coming of age, who continued to own them until 1836, when a company, consisting of three gentlemen of Keene and three of Claremont, bought the mills and mill yard and appurtenances with the avowed intention of removing the buildings, which were very old and dilapidated, and putting in their place suitable buildings for a first-class calico- printing establishment. In the spring of 1837 they commenced 200 HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. their preparations for building, but before they had proceeded far the financial panic struck the country, and the project was aban- doned. The old mills remained standing, and were rented to Mr. Tyler, their former owner, and, by his administrator, to- Lewis W. Kandall and others until 1854, when the property was purchased by E. "W". Sanborn of Boston, and Abner Stowell, Aaron Dutton, Edward Brown, and George Hart of this town. In 1855 they erected the large three-story brick building for a gristmill, and the sawmill adjoining, now standing and in active operation. They put into the grist mill eight run of stone, four flouring-bolts, and, to propel them, eleven Tyler turbine water wheels. The work was done under the superintendence of John Tyler, then of "West Lebanon, but now of this town, patentee and manufacturer of the Tyler turbine water wheel. This mill was designed for custom grinding and to manufacture flour from western wheat, and it was said to be capable of making ten thousand barrels of flour per annum. These mills have been leased to various parties since they were built. In 1889, the Sugar River Paper Company bought the property and it has since been leased by H. W. Frost. THE HOME MILL. The three-story brick building now standing at fall No. 4, north side of the river, was erected by the Claremont Manufac- turing Company in 1836, with the intention of using it for mak- ing fine writing papers. The times did not favor the comple. tion of the project, and the building was only so far finished as to protect the walls with roof and windows, until 1849, when a few of the stockholders of the Claremont Manufacturing Com- pany bought it, together with one half of the water-power, fitted it up with machinery for manufacturing cotton cloth, and sold the whole to George D. Dutton of Boston. In 1852 Mr. Dutton sold a part interest to Arnold Briggs, a practical cotton manu- facturer, of "Woonsocket, R. I., and under the firm style of Ar- nold Briggs & Co., the business of manufacturing cotton goods ••K^ ;f-' it>7:[i,iif:"ife O < 0. O O < 2 > .aAM*E HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 201 was carried on until 1875, when, by reason of there being but a limited demand for the goods made by this firm, the business was stopped. In 1876 Mr. Briggs died, subsequent to which the inter- est of Mr. Briggs's estate in the mill was purchased by Pierce, Harding & Co., of Boston, who ran it but a few months. In 1883, Messrs. Maynard and "Washburn, gentlemen from Massachusetts, purchased the property, repaired the buildings, put in machinery for the purpose, and have since been manufacturing shoes there. THE EMEESON-HETWAED PEIVILEGE. On fall 'So. 7, south side — the river has taken another turn and runs westerly — about 1842, George "W". Emerson put up a one- story brick building, carried on the furnace business for a few years, when it passed into the hands of Simeon Heyward, who did some furnace work, made horse and hand rakes, and various other farm implements. The building was destroyed by fire in 1866, and the dam connected with it, by flood soon afterward, since which no use has been made of this privilege. It is now owned by George L. Balcom. THE SULLIVAN MANUFACTURING COMPAJiT. This company's mills are located on fall So. 8, south side of the river. It was chartered about 1833 for manufacturing woolen goods, and its buildings erected the next year. The machinery, as before stated, was taken from the Claremont Manufacturing Com- pany's mill, and they commenced the manufacture of satinets. In 1836, Ormond Dutton, of Keene, was appointed agent of the com- pany, and continued as such about three years. During the hard times, from 1836 to 1840, goods did not sell readily ; a large stock was accumulated, which was sold for less than it cost to produce it, and the mill was closed. Its capital, fifty thousand dollars, was exhausted, and the company settled with its creditors in the best way it could. In 1844, Thomas Sanford and William Rossiter got possession of the real estate and some of the machinery, and manu- factured satinets and cassimeres until 1857, when the entire prop- 14 202 HISTOKT OP CliARBMONT. erty was purchased by George L. Balcom, who has manufactured woolen goods there ever since, running three sets of machinery. During the late war Mr. Balcom was very successful, and one year, under the United States internal revenue law, he paid the largest income tax of any man in l^ew Hampshire. He is now making fancy union cassimeres. THE OLD KNIFE-FACTOEY PRIVILEGE. This privilege is on the north side of the river, on fall No. 8. The large three-story wooden building on this privilege was erected in 1836-37, by Dr. John S. Spaulding, but for what purpose it was to be used is not known. It stood empty, its inside but partially finished, until 1853, when Thomas Sanford, William Rossiter, and some other gentlemen formed a company and manufactured table cutlery there for about five years, when the business was aban- doned. In 1866, the " Claremont Linen Company" put in ma- chinery for making linen toweling from the raw material, by a new process, but this was not a success, and, after two or three years of experiment, this business was closed up, and the mill was unused until 1877, when Herbert Bailey, of Enfield, this state, bought the property and enlarged, repaired, fitted the buildings, and put in machinery for manufacturing knit goods, employing about fortj' hands and turning out goods to the amount of one hundred thou- sand dollars annually. This mill has not been in operation since 1892. THE LOWER FALLS COMPANY. In 1836 this company, composed of gentlemen from out of town, bought a small farm of Jonathan Eead, located below fall No. 8, with the design of making a ninth fall of about twelve feet, by taking the water from the river by a canal. The canal was dug, a good foundation for a large factory building put in and building materials got upon the ground, when, in view of the threatened hard times for manufacturers, the enterprise stopped, the building materials were disposed of, and the ninth privilege has never been utilized. o o -J < CQ a o O > HISTORY OF OLARBMONT. 203 In 1832, Nicholas Farwell equipped a mill located on tlie west side of the river, just above the Sugar River Paper Mill dam, with machinery, and manufactured cotton cloth in it until it was destroyed by fire, March 13, 1841. This was the first cotton mill in town. THE LAFAYETTE PKITILEGE. On the west side of the river, at fall No. 7, on the " Gully," is what was known as the Lafayette privilege. In 1828 Arad Taylor bought this privilege of Bill Barnes. In 1836 the prop- erty was put on the market in thirty-two shares, of one hun- dred dollars each, which were soon taken, but it was not im- proved until 1844, when Chester Dunklee bought most of the shares and erected upon the privilege a two-story wood build- ing, which was occupied by Mr. Dunklee and Simeon Ide for sawing slate stone, and J. G. Briggs for making furniture, until 1866, when Reuben Shepardson bought it, made extensive im- provements, and rented and used it for various manufacturing purposes until the fall of 1884, when he sold it to the Sugar River Paper Mill Company, as before stated. THE OLD MEACHAM FACTOET Was on fall No. 5, opposite the Tyler mills, and this factory is said to have been the first one built in Sullivan county for the manufacture of woolen goods. It was built in 1813, by Asa Meacham. It was a two-story wood building, and was occupied successively by Asa Meacham, Asa Meacham, Jr., Woodman & Rockwell, Wilson & Earl, and William Earl, all of whom manu- factured woolen goods, until the spring of 1854, when the main building was destroyed by fire. The following year Simeon Ide bought the property. A small shop and storehouse escaped the fire; the first he fitted up with water power and rented it for various mechanical purposes, while he converted the other into a dwelling-house to rent. In 1859 Mr. Ide erected, on the site of the old factory building, a round brick structure, two stories high, and fitted it np with machinery, printing presses, etc., for 204 HISTORY OF CLAKBMONT. the making of books on contract for city publishers. The break- ing out of the war in 1861, and other unforeseen events, ope- rated against this enterprise, and the building was rented for different mechanical purposes. It was purchased by Reuben Shepardson in 1883. What was the shop was purchased by Ira Proctor and occupied by him as a sash, blind, and door factory until about 1873, when it was destroyed by fire. The site is now occupied by the Freeman & O'Neil Manufacturing Com- pany's buildings. TREEMAN & O'NEIL MANUFACTURING COMPANY. In 1874 Messrs. Charles IST. Freeman and David "W. O'lSTeil purchased the site of the Ira Proctor shop, erected large wooden buildings, and fitted them up with the most approved machinery for manufacturing stair builders' supplies and fine house and of- fice finish, using expensive foreign and domestic woods. They employed about forty men, until December, 1882, when their main building, stock, and machinery, valued at about twenty-five thou- sand dollars, were destroyed by fire. They immediately com- menced the erection of new buildings, which were completed and ready for occupancy in August, 1883. In April, 1892, this concern was made a stock company, with a capital of fifty thousand dol- lars, under the style of the Freeman & O'Feil Manufacturing Com- pany. The officers were George C. Currier, of New York City, president; Paschal P. Coburn, of Claremont, treasurer. They em- ploy from one hundred to one hundred and twenty-five hands — most of them skilled workmen — and their pay-roll is about one thousand dollars per week. THE MAYNAKD & WASHBDEN SHOE FACTORY. In the summer of 1883, Messrs. Frank P. Maynard and Charles If. Washburn came from Massachusetts and bought the Home Mill property, on fall No. 4, north side of the river, fitted up the build- ings, put in machinery, and in November of that year commenced the manufacture of shoes, employing about fifty hands. The busi- Oi O H O o a: 2 Q£ CO 33 < .a Q OS < z < S FRANK P. MAYNARD. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 205 ness was increased gradually until 1888, when the firm made exten- sive additions to their factory, and later made further additions. In 1893 they employed two hundred and twenty-five hands, turned out eighteen hundred pairs of medium grade men's, boys', and youths' shoes per day, and their pay-roll was about $7,000 per month. In January, 1887, this firm bought the Claremont Manu- facturing Company buildings and water-power, on the south side of the river, made repairs and improvements upon the property, and leased a part of the buildings and water-power to John H. Parke, for a slipper factory. An electric light company was organ ized in lifovember of that year, and an electric apparatus was placed in the building, which had been occupied for many years as a paper mill. In April, 1893, Mr. Washburn sold his interest in the business to Mr. Maynard, but the style of the establishment has been continued. THE EASTMAN TANNERY. In 1811, Timothy Eastman established a tannery on fall ISo. 4, north side of the river, continued the business there until his death, in 1859, and was succeeded by his son, Charles H. Eastman. On January 22, 1871, the old buildings were burned and new and larger ones were erected on their site. Charles H. Eastman con- tinued the business until his death, in 1879, since which the prop- erty has been unused. The real estate is now owned by the widow of Charles H. Eastman, the buildings having been burned. CARPET FACTORY. Between fall No. 9 and the confluence of Sugar river with the Con- necticut it is claimed that the former river falls about two hundred and fifty feet. On the north side of Sugar river, a mile or so below fall No. 9, in 1852, Henry Eussell and Dr. F. T. Kidder built a dam twenty feet high, erected a large one-story brick mill, put into it machinery for the purpose, and manufactured tapestry carpets there for a few mouths, when the business ceased and dam and buildings have disappeared. 206 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. At "West Claremont, Sugar river furnishes excellent water power. The fall there is about nineteen feet. On the south side of the river, at this fall, Dr. Leonard Jarvis erected a two-story wood building, and in it manufactured broadcloth for about fifteen years. After his death, which occurred in 1848, this property passed into the hands of his son, Russell Jarvis, who died on the twenth-fourth of February, 1888. The broadcloth factory was converted into a pa- per mill about 1853, and was operated by Fiske & Burpee, the Clare- mont Manufacturing Company, ~S. Whitney, J. Pierce & Co., and its owner until his death, making hanging and some other kinds of paper. Russell Jarvis was succeeded in the paper making business by his oldest son, Russell. The mill was burned May 12, 1890 ; was replaced by a substantial brick building which was com- pleted and ready for operation in April, 1892. It makes about thirty hundred pounds of tissue manilla paper per day, and is called the Jarvis Paper Mill. Between 1830 and 1850 Ilock Hills had a mill just below the Coy paper mill, where he sawed out marble and slate stone. Just below Ilock Hills's stone mill was a tannery and a shop where J. H. Cross & Co. tanned deer skins and made them into gloves and mittens. This business was discontinued soon after 1850. THE S. T. COY PAPER COMPANY. On the same privilege, and drawing water from the same pond, but on the north side of the river, is a large, well-appointed paper mill, owned and operated by the S. T. Coy Paper Company. This mill has been built within the last ten years, on the site occupied fifty years ago, more or less, by Leonard and Hiram Gilmore, brothers, for a blacksmith forge and trip-hammer shop, where they made axes and other edge tools, carried on a general blaeksmithing business, and made heavy mill irons for many years. Subse- quently on this same spot was a paper mill where straw wrapping paper was made, owned and operated successively by Daniel F. Maynard and John S. Farrington. HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 207 BENJAMIN TYLER'S SMELTING AND IRON WORKS. Between 1770 and 1780, Benjamin Tyler, having bought a con- siderable tract of land on the north side of Sugar river, put a dam across that stream, near where the Sullivan County Eailroad'e high bridge novp is, built a shop in which he had a forge, trip-ham- mer, and smelting works, and made heavy mill irons, and other articles from the ore. Here he did a large business in this line for those days, employing twenty to thirty men for more than twenty years. The iron ore used was brought from a bed three or four miles north of Charlestown village, and the lime from "Weathersfield, Yt. This property finally passed into the hands of Mr. Tyler's son-in-law, John Strobridge. THE GILMORE EDGE TOOL WORKS. In 1826 Leonard and Hiram Gilmore, sons of Hon. Gawin Gilmore, came from Acworth and established themselves in the business of making axes, scythes, and other edge tools, in a shop on the north side of the river, on or near the spot where the S. T. Coy paper mill now stands. It was the only shop of its kind in the vicinity, and they did a large business until 1841, soon after which it was abandoned. FLAX MILL. In 1800 Benjamin Tyler put in operation, at or near the site of the Jarvis paper mill, what was known as the Flax Mill, the pur- pose of which was to prepare flax for the old hand spinning wheels. A short distance above the Eussell and Kidder dam, many years ago, was another dam across Sugar river, and on a canal cut across a point of land, on the north side of the river, stood a saw- mill, said to have been owned by a Mr. Billings. In 1840 Alexander Graham carried on brick making on his farm, south side of Sugar river, just above the site of the Eussell and Kidder carpet-mill dam. This yard was being worked about 1850, and the bricks for that mill, which was called Ascutney Mills, were 208 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. made there. They were loaded on to a scow or fiat boat, floated to near the Red "Water brook bridge, aud then carried by team to where they were to be used. In 1891 and 1892 Marshall Harlow made bricks there. Sixty to seventy years ago quite a business was done in char- coal burning in the northwest part of the town. Solon C. Gran- nis, Samuel Carlton, and the Gilmore brothers had kilns. About 1812 Timothy Grannis built a sawmill on Red Water brook, between the highway to "Windsor and the place where Daniel N. Bowker now lives, which was afterward owned and operated by John Pressey. It disappeared many years ago. THE GRANNIS LUMBEK MILL. In 1883 Homer E. Grannis built a dam and mill for manufac- turing building lumber, on Red Water brook, about two miles above where the brook crosses the highway to Windsor. Here, by reason of the large fall, he has ample power except in very dry times. SHOE MANUFACTUEING. Nicholas Farwell came to town in 1803, and had a small shoe- maker's shop on Town hill, just north of the Michael Lovell home- stead farm, now owned by Dr. 0. B. Way. In 1813 he moved to the village and began, on a small scale, to manufacture women's sale shoes by hand, in the honest old fashioned way, doing much of the work himself These shoes he sold to country merchants. At first it was hard to convince them that any shoe not made to measure by the home shoemaker was worth having, or that they could be sold to any considerable extent. But Mr. Farwell war- ranted his work to be as represented, and before long a demand was created for it. His way was to carry out, sell, and deliver his shoes himself. His best market was found on the west side of Green mountain in Vermont. In one of his earl}' trips he went to Vergennes and oflJered his goods to the merchants there, who each and all turned a cold shoulder to him and declined to buy or look HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 209 at his goods, saying there was no demand for thena in that vicinity. Mr. Farwell was not the man to be discouraged or beaten in what he undertook. His reply was " I will create a demand for my shoes." He drew his wagon up in front of the principal tavern, got out his shoes and began to exhibit them to the crowd of people who had gathered to see what he had to sell. He said he only wished to show his shoes but did not care to sell them. He explained their quality, told where they were made, and said he warranted every pair of shoes that bore his mark. They were so much more stylish and handsome than home-made work, and appeared so good that people began to call for them. The next time Mr. Farwell went to Vergennes those same merchants who had treated him so coldly were only too ready to buy his shoes, and for many years afterwards ladies in that section wanted no other than Farwell's Claremont shoe. The business increased rapidly until more than a hundred hands, in and out of the shop, were employed. The shop was on Broad street, corner of what was Scrap alley, now Pine street. Just south of this Mr. Farwell opened a general store to supply his help with necessaries. In 1827 Mr. Farwell took his two oldest sons, George K and "William H., into partnership. After a year or two the senior member of the j&rm retired, William H. took the store, and George N. continued the shoe business. He erected the two-story brick building, corner of Broad and Pine streets, which was subse- quently converted into a dwelling-house and is now owned and occupied by Mrs. "William Clark, and took Lewis Perry into partnership. In 1851 Russell W. Farwell, a brother of George K, also became a partner, and the firm was styled G. K Farwell, Perry & Co. In 1852 Mr. Perry sold his interest to his partners, and the firm name was changed to G. N. Farwell & Co., and so continued until 1858, when Russell W. bought his brother's interest and became sole proprietor, soon after which the business was removed to the old Claremont bank building, on the east side of Broad street. In 1865 Edward J. Tenney became a partner with Russell W. Farwell, and the business was carried on by 210 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Farwell & Tenney there and in the building south side of the upper bridge until 1871, when they divided the stock, machinery, and tools, and Mr. Farwell went on alone, and with one or more partners for a few years, and then removed to Rutland, Vt. Mr. Tenney formed a copartnership with Augustus Barrett and they carried on about the same kind of business in a build- ing corner of School and Oak streets, until 1877, when Mr. Bar- rett sold his interest to his son, George A., and he and Mr. Tenney continued until 1881, when George A. Barrett bought Mr. Tenney's interest, carried on the business alone for four or five years, and then it was abandoned. In May, 1846, William T. ISToyes came from Newport to Clare- mont and opened a shoe store in Gleason's brick building, cor- ner of Broad and Tremont streets, and manufactured by hand women's shoes for his own retail trade. In the following Sep- tember, his brother, Silas E. Noyes, came, took the business and continued to make the same kind of shoes, in the same way, to supply his retail trade, and some in a small way, to sell at wholesale. He gradually increased his business of manufactur- ing until 1855, when he made from forty to sixty pairs of women's shoes per day, employing from eight to ten hands. In 1865 he bought the first Gordon McKay machine, for stitch- ing on soles, that was brought into town, and with the help of this and other machinery, increased his production, and em- ployed twenty men and ten women in his business. Shoe manu- facturing changed by the introduction of machines for making every part of a shoe aud putting it together, got into large es- tablishments where a great amount of capital was required to carry it on successfully^ so that small shops could not compete with the large ones, and Mr. Noyes, as did all the other shoe- makers then in town, gradually abandoned the business. INDUSTBIES. In 1836 Ebenezer E. Bailey bought a small piece of land, at the junction of Sullivan and Main streets, of Paran Stevens, and HISTORY OF CLAEBMONT. 211 erected upon it a two-story brick building. For several years previous Mr. Bailey bad been engaged in manufacturing silver spoons and spectacles, at West Unity, wbich were mostly sold by peddlers going about on foot, carrying tin trunks. Wben this building was completed he removed his business to Clare- mont. Later he bought at sheriff's sale the house and lot ad- joining on the west and made an addition of fifteen feet to his building, which is now the Fiske Free Library building. He took his brother, Samuel C, into partnership, and they carried on the silversmith and jewelry business quite extensively, under the firm name of E. E. & S. C. Bailey, for twenty-five years, when the business of manufacturing was practically given up. Ebenezer E. Bailey fell from an elm tree, on Washington street, in the summer of 1862, and was instantly killed. Samuel 0. Bailey removed to Missouri in 1873, where he now lives. About 1867 Josiah "W. Deane commenced the manufacture of cigars, in Perry's block. In 1860 Edward J. Tenney became a partner, and they carried on quite an extensive business in mak- ing cigars, employing fifteen hands, and as wholesale dealers in manufactured tobacco, under the firm name of J. W. Deane & Co., until 1865, when Mr. Tenney sold his interest, and was succeeded by Henry C. Deane, a brother of Josiah W., who sub- sequently became sole proprietor, continued the business a few years, and then removed to Ogdensburg, N. Y. CLAEEMONT CREAMEEY. The Claremont Creamery Association was organized under the voluntary corporation act, March 6, 1889, with a capital of $3,000. Erastus B. Bailey was chosen president, Dudley T. Chase, clerk, and Edwin B. Heywood, business manager. Land was bought of Reuben B. Ellis, on Washington street, buildings erected and the first butter was made in June of that year. In April, 1891 the capital stock was increased to $4,000, which is in shares of $50 each, and is largely owned by laatrons of the creamery The total receipts for 1891 were $25,495 ; paid for cream, $20,J 212 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. butter made in 1892, over one hundred thousand pounds, of su- perior quality. Of&cers for 1893, Reuben B. Ellis, president; William B. Ellis, treasurer; Charles B. Spofford, clerk; Reuben B. Ellis, Geo. F. Long, George F. Scott, and Ora D. Blanchard, directors. MILITARY. CHAPTER XV. REVOLUTIONARY WAR. STAMP ACT. In 1764 an act of Parliament was passed for raising a revenue by a general stamp duty through all the American colonies, which the colonists regarded as an assumption of power by Eng- land and oppression to her subjects in America. The stamped paper was prepared in England, brought over in bales, and Ameri- can citizens appointed to distribute it. The act was so framed that it was claimed it would execute itself, as no writing could be deemed legal without the stamp, and every newspaper and other publication must bear them. To this oppressive act there was a spirit of resistance manifested all over the country. SONS OF LIBERTY. The House of Burgesses in Virginia passed some strong and spirited resolutions, asserting the rights of the country. The Assembly of Massachusetts proposed a Congress of Depiities from each Colony, to consult upon our common interests in the mat- ter, as had been practiced in times of common danger. Several speeches were made, in one of which the Americans were styled " Sons of Liberty." The actions of Virginia and Massachusetts were generally approved by the colonists, and according to Dr. Belknap's History of New Hampshire, the title of " Sons of Lib- erty " was eagerly adopted by associations in every colony. The spirit of opposition to the stamp act was first manifested in Boston by publicly exhibiting effigies of the enemies of America, and 216 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. obliging the officer appointed to distribute the stamped paper to resign his employment. This spirit of opposition extended and animated the mass of the people in every colony. G-eorge Meserve, of Portsmouth, being in England, was appointed to distribute the stamps in New Hampshire, and embarked for America. Before he landed he was informed of the opposition to the act, and that it would be agreeable to the people if he would resign, which he un- hesitatingly did, and was heartily welcomed on shore. On his arrival at Portsmouth he made a second resignation before he went to his own house. Soon after this the stamped paper designed for Massa- chusetts and 'Hew Hampshire arrived in Boston, but there being no one in either province who was authorized to receive it or had any concern with it, the governor of Massachusetts ordered it lodged in the castle. The stamp act was to go into efi'ect on the first day of November, previous to which the appointed congress, consisting of delegates from Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and South Carolina, was formed in New York. This congress framed a bill of rights for the colonies, in which the sole power of taxation was declared to be in their own assemblies. They prepared three distinct ad- dresses to the King, Lords, and Commons, stating their grievances and asking for redress. These were signed by the delegates of six colonies ; the others present were not empowered to sign, but their constituents subsequently approved the proceedings in assembly and forwarded their petitions. No delegate went from New Hamp- shire to this congress, but the assembly at their next meeting adopted the same measures and sent similar petitions to England. It was doubtful whether the courts of law could do business without these stamps ; but public sentiment was more powerful than the act of Parliament, and business was transacted by the courts, and newspapers and pamphlets opposing the act were issued, without bearing the ofiensive stamp. The courts of law and cus. tom-houses were kept open, and licenses for marriage, without stamps, were publicly advertised. Dr. Belknap, in his history, HISTORY OP CLAKBMONT. 217 said: "As it was uncertain what might be the event of the peti- tions to the King and Parliament, it was thought best to awakeii the attention of the merchants and manufacturers of England, by an agreement to import no goods until the stamp act should be re- pealed. To provide for the worst, an association was formed by the ' Sons of Liberty ' in all the northern colonies, to stand by each other, and unite their whole force for the protection and relief of any who might be in danger, from the operation of this or any other oppressive act." " The petitions of the American assem- blies, enforced by the agreement for non-importation, and aided by the exertions of the British merchants and manufacturers, induced the new ministry to recommend to Parliament a repeal of the odious stamp act. It was accordingly repealed, not on the true principle of its repugnancy to the rights of America, but on that of political expediency." DDTT ACT. In 1767, a new act of Parliament, laying duties on paper, glass, painters' colors, and tea, and estabhshing a board of com- missioners for collecting the American revenue, was passed. According to Dr. Belknap, "In the other colonies, particularly in Massachusetts, these duties had become a subject of alterca- tion and serious alarm, being grounded on the right which the Parliament had assumed of binding America in all cases whatso- ever." The merchants in most of the colonies united in adopt- ing a non-importation agreement, which so affected the manu- facturers of Great Britain that they exerted their influence for the repeal of this revenue law, and all the duties, except that on tea, were taken off. This did not satisfy the Americans. The controversy between England and the colonies seemed to be ap- proaching a crisis. By the reservation of the duty on tea, the Parliament insisted on it as their right to tax their American brethren without their consent, to which the latter could not be brought to agree, and they opposed the claim by refusing to purchase or use the tea brought here on such conditions. Dr. Belknap says : " The revenue failed and the warehouses of the 15 218 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. East India Company were filled with an unsalable commodity. The ministry and the company thus severely disappointed, formed a plan by which it was expected that the one would enforce its claim and the other secure its traffic. It was therefore enacted by Parliament that the duty on the exportation of tea from Britian should be taken otF, and the East India Company be enabled to send tea, on their own account to America, sub- ject to a duty of only three pence on the pound, by which means it would come to us cheaper than before, or than it could be procured by illicit trade." This attempt to accomplish by indirection what England did not think it wise or safe to insist upon directly, so incensed the Americans that the principal trading towns passed resolutions not to permit tea freighted by the East India Company to be landed or sold; and in many instances it was returned unladen, while in others it was stored until it could be re-shipped. In Boston a large cargo was thrown into the sea and destroyed, by citizens in disguise. In N^ew Hampshire, by the wise course of Governor Wentworth, assisted by citizens, the hateful commodity was sent away without damage and but little tumult. A general distrust and detestation of the measures of the Brit- ish ministry prevailed in the colonies in 1774, and the towns severally passed resolutions in which they asserted their right to exemption from taxation by Parliament; condemning the impor- tation and use of tea and appointing committees to carry their resolutions into effect. The committees were vigilant and were efficiently aided by the almost universal sentiment of the people. The Parliament assumed judicial as well as legislative powers over America, but the people were not to be frightened or co- erced, and were united in their determination to resist the op- pressive acts of the British Parliament, and further encroach- ments upon the sacred rights of liberty, and also to demand and regain, if in their p)ower, the enjoyment of those ptrivileges which had been taken away. In 1775 it was the general belief that by reason of the op- pressive acts of the British Parliament, war with the mother HISTOKT OF CLAREMONT. 219 country was inevitable. Much the greater part of the people of Claremont were in favor of open hostility with England, while some regretted the existence of the difficulty, and a few avowed them- selves firm royalists, labored to furnish aid and comfort in vari- ous ways to the King and his army, and were denominated Tories. In Claremont the two latter classes were more numerous than in most towns in 'Kew Hampshire, of the same, or nearly equal, population. The town was comparatively new, and many of the settlers were either recently from England or the sons of English- men, and their attachment to the old country would naturally be stronger than that of those who could then behold in their midst the graves of their ancestors covered with the turf of a century. Many regarded violent resistance as dangerous and felt that it probably would be unavailing. Still, the spirit of resist- ance against the tyranny of England was popular, and the neu- trals and Tories were greatly in the minority. About this time many families, some of whose descendants are now inhabitants of this town, disgusted with the opposition of the Whigs, re- moved to a large township in Canada, called Shipton,in which is now a parish or borough bearing the name of Claremont. Thither also many who remained here during the war resorted after its close. Many also removed to New York state, keeping them- selves under the protection of the British until the war was ended, soon after which most of them returned to Claremont. Among those who left about this time was Col. Benjamin Sumner, who took up his residence on Long Island. He was suspected of being on friendly terms with the British, but so far as is known no act of disloyalty was ever proved against him. He occasionally made short visits to the town, when on his journeys to and from Canada, carefully avoiding any contact with his former townsmen, excepting certain known and well-tried friends. Several attempts were made by the Committee of Safety and other active Whigs to arrest him when on his flying visits, but without success. One William McCoy, a noted Tory, was believed to be his confidential friend and adviser. So artful and shrewd was McCoy in this 220 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. sort of sly diplomacy, that it was impossible to fasten upon him any act of a treasonable nature, although the effort was often made to do so. After the close of the war Colonel Sumner returned to town, was several times elected one of the selectmen and to other offices of honor and trust, and in 1793 and 1794 was a representa- tive in the Hew Hampshire legislature. Among others who left town about this time were Capt. Ben- jamin Brooks, one Spencer, several by the names of Leat and Nut- ting, and John Brooks, son of Capt. Benjamin Brooks. John Brooks actually joined the British army, and served during the war. His farm and all his property in town was confiscated and sold ; but, after the close of the war and the treaty with Great Britain, his property, or the value of it, was restored to him. No favor was shown to the Tories, or those suspected as such, by the mass of the people. Public indignation was aroused to so great an extent that Tories and suspected persons were continually in imminent danger of th« loss of liberty, and even life itself, without the formality of legal proceedings. A small company of resolute and determined "Whigs, among whom were Timothy Atkins and two or three of his brothers — all young men of unusual size and remarkable strength and activity — associated themselves together, and resolved to rid the town of all Tories. These men solemnly promised to give each other immedi- ate information if a Tory was discovered to be lurking about, and to pursue him instantly ; and if capture were imjiossible, to shoot him, if that could be done. In the neighborhood of such men there could be but little repose or security for the enemies of free- dom. Summer was the season when the secret agents of the Brit- ish were scouring the remote parts of the country, picking up, here and there, whatever information they could find respecting the condition and movements of the people, and carefully noting everything which they judged important to the interests of their employers. Scattered along the route from New York to Canada were certain places of rendezvous, where any one of them on his mission might be safely concealed and find ready means of HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 221 communication with his confederates in the neighborhood. About fifty rods below what is known as the Rich place, on the right hand aide of the road as you go toward Red Water brook, is a place famous in Revolutionary times as a favorite resort for Tories. It has since been known as " Tory Hole." So perfectly adapted was this spot to the purposes and wants of its occupants that for a long time they assembled there without exciting the least suspi- cion among the active and vigilant Whigs. Inaccessible on three sides by a swamp covered with a thick growth of alders, and protected, on its fourth side, by a steep bank about thirty feet high, it was, notwithstanding, easily approached by those who were familiar with the ground. The side of the precipice toward the retreat was nearly circular in form, and was intersected by a deep ravine, which afibrded means of access from one direction. Another way began a little below the Rich place, and wound along the foot of the bank. The surface of the ground, including the spot, was irregular and slightly elevated. A few yards distant was a cool, bubbling spring of water. The Tories in the neighborhood were accustomed to convey thither provisions and whatever else might be needed by the transient visitors to the place. This led to the discovery of the retreat. One night, in the autumn of 1780, a man, with a huge pack on his shoulders, was seen passing along the road by the Rich place. His singular move- ments attracted attention, and he was closely watched. Turning into the woods a short distance from the house of Mr. Rich, he was instantly out of sight. Information of the fact was quickly communicated, and soon many persons were collected at the spot. The grounds were care- fully reconnoitered, and the secret was discovered. As the night was very dark, further search was postponed until the next morn- ing. A watch was posted by the path, with instructions to seize or shoot any one who should attempt to pass. Before sunrise a party assembled and renewed the search. As they approached the rendezvous, two men suddenly started up, and ran toward a ravine; and now the race began. The jjursued had several rods the start 222 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. of the pursuers, beside the advantage of the dense forest and the scanty light. The course of the former was toward Connecticut river. It required close attention and scrutiny to keep on their track, and the "Whig party were often on the point of giving up the search as fruitless. Then some new trace would be discovered, and they would go forward with renewed vigor. At length they reached Connecticut river, where they found that the fugitives had swam across. Fastening their arms upon their backs, they plunged into the stream, and on gaining the opposite side, the^' found the tracks of the other party. At night they encamped in the woods at the base of Ascutney mountain, and in the morning began its ascent from different points. On arriving at the summit they found the fugitives asleep. They were easily captured, and gave their names as Johns and Buel. Having arms with them, they could not, according to the rules of war, be treated as spies, and were therefore held as prisoners of war. They were taken to Charlestown, from thence to Boston, and afterward exchanged. One Kentfield was also pursued from " Tory Hole," and driven across Connecticut river. He managed to escape from his pursuers at this time ; but in a few days after was discovered by Isaac Hubbard, then but a child, while re-crossing the river into New Hampshire. He was again pursued, captured after a fierce resistance, and taken to Charlestown, where he was confined for some time ; but as it was impossible to prove him a spy, he was released. Afterward he joined the Continental army, deserted in a few days, was captured, and hung. On April 12, 1776, the Committee of Safety for the Colony of l^ew Hampshire issued the following mandate, as appears from documents arranged by John Farmer agreeably to an order of the legislature of New Hampshire, in 1837, as copied verbatim from " State Papers of New Hampshire," Vol. VIII. : CoLOKY OF New Hampshire. In Committee of Safety, April 12, 1776. In order to carry the underwritten Resolve of the Hon'ble Continental Con- gress into Execution, you are required to desire all Males above Twenty-one o O a: f- O 2 < Z o HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 223 years of age (Lunaticks, Idiots and Negroes excepted), to sign the Declaration on this Paper; and wheu so done, to make Return thereof, together with the Name or Names of all who shall refuse to sign the same, to the General As- sembly or Committee of Safety of this Colony. M. Wearb, Chairman. In Congress, March 14, 1776. Resolved, That it be recommended to the Several Assemblies, Conventions and Councils, or Committees of Safety of the United Colonies, immediately to cause all Persons to be disarmed, within their respective colonies, who are noto- riously disaffected to the cause of America, or who have not associated and refuse to associate, to defend by arms, the United Colonies against the Hostile attempts of the British Fleets and Armies. (Copy) Extract from the Minutes. Charles Thompson, Secretary. In consequence of the above Resolution of the Hon. Continental Congress, and to show our Determination in joining our American Brethren in defending the Lives, Liberties and Properties of the inhabitants of the United Colonies, We the Subscribers, do hereby Solemnly engage and promise, that we will to the utmost of our Power, at the Risque of our Lives and Fortunes, with Arms oppose the Hostile Proceedings of the British Fleets and Armies against the United American Colonies. REMARKS ON THE FOREGOING BY THE LATE JOHN FARMER. The preceding text was the Declaration of Independence by the People of New Hampshire. It was a Similar act to that of the Patriots who signed the National Declaration on the Fourth of July, 1776. It preceded that event, and seems to have been a sanction or an encouragement to those who contemplated it. It was a bold and hazardous step in subjects thus to resist the authority of one of the most powerful Sovereigns in the world. Had the cause in which these men pledged their Lives and Fortunes failed, it would have subjected every individual who signed it to the pains and penalties of treason — to a cruel and ignomin- ious death. It is not to be understood that all who declined signing it were Tories or were disaffected to the American cause ; Some of them were Friends, whose principles forbade their signing a pledge to oppose their enemies with Arms ; others who were really friends to the cause of opposition to the British, had conscientious scruples, and others doubtless were influenced by their timidity. Among those whose conscientious scruples prevented them from giving such a pledge, was Eleazer Russell, Esq., of Portsmouth, (?) who, in a letter to President Weare, says " It was, and is, merely to secure the morality of my mind that I was reluctant to put my name to it. Solemnly to bind mysslf to the perform- 224 HISTORi' OF CLAEEMONT. anoe of what nature and necessity rendered impossible, I started at the thought of, and though my health is mended, so wrecked are my nerves, that I could not do one hour's military duty to save my life. The article of shedding blood, in me is not a humor, but a principle — not an evasion, but a fact. It was re- ceived in early life, and has ' grown with my growth, and stregthened with my strength.' Not a partiality for British more than Savage blood ; for, all circumstances considered, I think the latter more innocent than the former." SIGNERS IN CLAREMONT. Claremont, May 30th, 1776. In compliance to the above Declaration, we have Shone the Declaration to All the Inhabitants of this Town, and the Associates are those who have signed to this paper. Matthias Stone, Asa Jones, Selectmen. The following ISTames of those who Thomas Goodwin, Joseph York, Matthias Stone, Jacob Rice, William Osgood, Asa Jones, John Spencer, Lemuel Hubbard, Christopher York, David Bates, T. Sterne, Barnabas Ellis, Joel Hoys, ? Samuel Tuttle, Stephen Hige, ? Charles Higbe, Edward Goodwin, Ephraim French, Joseph Ives, Elihu Stevens, Junior, Ichabod Hitchcock, Ebenezer Dudley, Daniel Curte, ? Josiah Rich, are twenty-one years of age and upward : David Lynd, Oliver Ashley, Eleazer Clark, Eleazer Clark, Junior, Joseph Hubbard, Amasa Fuller, Jerime Spencer, Patrick Fields, Gideon Lewis, Josiah Stevens, Seth Lewis, John Kilborn, John Peake, John West, David Rich, Ebenezer Washburn, Bill Barnes, John Adkius, Amaziah Knights, John Goss, Ezra Jones, William Sims, David Adkins, Timothy Adkins, HISTOKY OP CLAREMONT. 225 Oliver Ellsworth, Jonathan Parker, Edward Ainsworth, Nathaniel Goss, Joel Matthews, Oliver Tuttle, Amos Conant, Samuel Ashley, John Sprague, Adam Alden, James Alden, Moses Spaford, Benjamin Towner, Samuel Lewis, Abner Matthews, Elihu Stephens, Jonas Stuard, Beniah Murry, Thomas Duston, Timothy Duston. Total, 84. N. B. — These are the Names of those who have actually taken up arms and are now in the Continental Army : Lieut. Col. Joseph Waite, Lieut. Joseph Taylor, Ens. Thomas Jones. S. Abner Matthews, Jr., James Gooden, Jonathan Fuller, Peter Fuller, Reuben Spencer, Gersham York, Benjamin Towner, Jr., David Laynes, Jr., Charles Laynes, Henry Stephens, Jonathan York, Joseph York, Jr., The Rev. Augustin Hibbard, Chaplain, &c. Total, 16. Eev. Mr. Hibbard was appointed chaplain on Colonel David Hobart's staff, by a vote of the New Hampshire legislature, April 4, 1777, and subsequently of General Stark's brigade. The Names of those who Refuse to sign the Declaration : John Thomas, Capt. Benjamin Brooks, Barnabas Brooks, Capt. Benjamin Sumner, Eev. Ranna Cosset, Cornelius Brook, Samuel Cole, Esq., Daniel Warner, Levi Warner, James Steal, Amos Snow, John Hitchcock, Ebenezer Edson, William Coy, Enoch Judd, Ebenezer Judd, Jr., Lieut. Benjamin Taylor, Timothy Gran is, Hezekiah Roys, Asa Leat, Benjamin Leat, Ebenezer Judd, Benjamin Peterson, Benjamin Brooks, Jr., 226 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. David Dodge, Doot. William Sumner, Samuel Thomas, Ebenezer Roys, Amos Cole, Joseph Norton. Total, 31. Claremont, May 30, 1776. The Declaration having ben shone to the within named persons, they Refuse to Sign. Attest, Matthias Stone, . „ . T„ , Selectmen. Asa Jones, ' When the returns were all in, it was found that there were 8,999 names upon the declaration, and the names of 773 persons who had refused to sign it were mentioned. The following papers are copied from the original minutes of the Episcopal church, and are given as puhlished in " The History of the Eastern Diocese " : The joint Com'tee of Safety from the Towns of Hanover and Lebanon, having received a Letter from the Com'tee of Safety for Claremont, requesting the assistance of said Com'tees in examining sundry Persons in said Claremont who were suspected of being inimical to the Liberties of America, convened with said Com'tee of Claremont and the Com'tee of Safety for the Town of Cornish, at the House of Mr. Joseph York, in said Claremont, on Tuesday the 5th day of December, A. D. 1775. At which time and place were present — Captain Oliver Ashley, Captain Joseph Waite, Lieutenant Asa Jones, Lieu- tenant Joseph Taylor, Ensign Ebenezer Clark, Deacon Jacob Eoyce, Com'tee of Claremont : Samuel Chase, Esq., Colonel Jonathau Chase, Deacon Hall, Mr. Commins, Captain Spalding, Com'tee of Cornish : Deacon Neheh Estabrooks, Major John Griswold, Mr. Silas AVaterman, Lieu- tenant Jedah Hibbard, Com'tee of Lebanon : Captain Edmond Freeman, Lieutenant David Woodward, Lieutenant John Wright, Com'tee of Hanover. On which the Com'tee of said Claremont requested that all these Com'tees might (for sundry reasons) form into one general meeting for the examination of sundry Persons whom they had previously cited to appear before this Board for that Purpose, which request being complied with : 1st. Chose Deacon Nehemiah Estabrook, Chairman. 2d. Chose Lieutenant Jede'ah Hibbard, Clerk. Sam'l Cole, Esq., Captain Benjamin Sumner, Rev. Ranna Cossit, Captain ^ — wi;r!ft Selectmen. Nath'el Goss, ) Claremont Dec'r 27th Anno Domini 1787. To the Secretary of the State of New Hampshire. CHAPTER XVI. THB WAR OF 1812 AND TEXAN WARS. By orders in council, the British government had declared that all vessels trading with France were liable to seizure, and that all such vessels, clearing from a hostile port, must touch at a British port to pay customs duties. This amounted to confiscation of American ships. British naval officers claimed and exercised, in a most arrogant and offensive manner, the right to search American vessels — ostensibly for British subjects — but often impressed from them American seamen, and compelled their service in the British navy, against absolute proof and the strong protestations of the American commanders and the men themselves. President Madison urgently requested the withdrawal of this Order in Council, and the discontinuance of the oppressive and unjust practice of the impressment of American seamen, both which requests were insultingly refused. In November, 1811, the president called an extra session of congress, laid before that body these grievances, and recommended preparation for war. In the early part of 1812 the American Congress — convinced that there was no hope of a change of policy or practice in these respects on the part of Great Britain, and that a resort to arms was the only alternative to protect the persons and pro- perty of American citizens and maintain the honor of the nation — on the eighteenth of June passed an act declaring war against Great Britain. This declaration of war was not at first a popular measure in HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 243 New England, but a large majority of the people stood by the President. In May, Governor John Langdon, of Ifew Hampshire, issued general orders for the detachment from the militia of the state of three thousand five hundred men, who were to be armed and equipped for actual service, and held in readiness to march on short notice. This detachment was mostly from regiments in the eastern part of the state. During the continuance of this war of nearly three years, Claremont, it is believed, did her full duty and furnished her share of men for the army. The company and regimental rolls which have been preserved in the United States and state military departments are acknowl- edged to be quite imperfect, while many of them have been lost or destroyed; and the town records aflrard but little information upon the subject. Hence the names of all Claremont men who served during that war cannot be obtained. VOLUNTEERS FROM CLAREMONT. Below are given the names of all the Claremont men known to have served during this war. Undoubtedly there were others who either volunteered or were detached from the militia. m CAPTAIN JOSEPH KIMBALL'S COMPANY. NAMES. David Dean James Osgood Isaac F. Hunton. ., Samuel Stone*.... James McDaniels . . Charles C. Stewart Benedick Taylor... Shaler Buel Andrew Bartlett. . . Henry G. Lane Benjamin Perkins. , Rank. Ensign Sergeant do Private Date of Enlist- ment. Sept. 12, 1814, FOK WHAT Time. Three months. * Samuel Stone was discharged for disability, Nov. 7, ISll. 244 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. IN CAPTAIN REUBEN MARSH'S COMPANY. NAMES. Charles A. Saxton Asa Barker James MoLofiing.. James Fisher Samuel Petty Robert Angel Barnes Gilbert Rank. Corporal Private Date op Enlist- ment. Sept. 26, 1814. For what Time. Sixty days. In anticipation of the declaration of war, active preparations had been made by the government to carry it on before the decla- ration came. The militia of New Hampshire was well organized and in as good condition to respond to a call as it ever had been. Gov- ernor Langdon's term of office expired on the 6th of June, 1812, and he was succeeded by William Plumer. His heart and hand were in the cause, and his energy, patriotism, and great execu- tive ability were exerted to aid the government of the United States. G-overnor Plumer was ably seconded by the adjutant general, Michael McClary, of Portsmouth, who was a soldier in the Revolution, and every requisition of the government upon New Hampshire was met with great promptness. At this time all able-bodied men from sixteen to forty years of age were enrolled in the training band, with certain exceptions, such as clergymen, doctors, members of congress and of the legis- lature, etc. Men from forty to sixty years of age were exempted from the training band and enrolled in what was called the alarm list. ^ Every non-commissioned officer and private of both the training band and alarm list was required to keep in readiness a musket and bayonet, with all necessary appendages and accou- terments and ammunition, suitable for a marching soldier. The training band was to be mustered four times, and the alarm list twice a j^ear. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 245 In time of invasion or of war drafts from the militia were made, unless a sufficient number to answer any requirement vol- unteered. The militia was organized into twenty-five regiments of infantry, divided into five brigades ; three regiments of cavalry, forming another brigade ; one independent corps of light horse, and one regiment of artillery. The military force of the state, ac- cording to Dr. Belknap, was computed as follows : Twenty-five regiments of training band, at 750 each . . 18,750 Total of alarm list 7,500 Three regiments, and one independent corps of cavalry 1,000 One regiment of artillery 300 Total 27,550 From this body of militia the New Hampshire men engaged in the war of 1812 were drawn, reinforced from time to time by volunteers. Claremont at that time, as later, formed a part of the Fifteenth IsTew Hampshire militia regiment, of which Timothy W. Hale was lieutenant colonel commandant ; Isaac Chapman, major first battalion ; Lebbeus Chase, major second battalion. On the twenty-fourth of December, 1814, a treaty of peace was concluded at Ghent, and the war of 1812 was at an end. TEXAN WAES. In the struggle in Texas, under General Sam. Houston, one life from Claremont, at least, went down to its unknown grave. Robert Harris Upham, the second son of Hon. George B. Upham, born in 1810, fitted at Kimball Union academy and entered Dart- mouth college, remained there two or three years, but did not o-raduate. He then studied law in his father's office and at Steu- benville, Ohio. Upon the breaking out of the Texan war for independence he enlisted in a company raised by Captain Allen, at Cincinnati, went to the seat of war, joined the forces under General Houston, since which all traces of him have been lost. o 246 HISTOKY OF CLAREMONT. It was reported that he attained the rank of major, and it was currently believed at the time that his command was with those captured by Santa Ana, imprisoned at the fortress of Alamo, where, with their leader, David Crockett, all, to the last man, were, as helpless prisoners, massacred in cold blood in 1836. In the subsequent struggles, and during the decisive battles, the watchword of Houston's army was : " Remember the Alamo ! " It was here that Santa Ana was defeated, lost a leg, captured, but suffered to live, and after many and strange reverses was again the military dictator of Mexico, and met his crushing defeats in successive sanguinary battles with the armies of the United States under the command of Generals Taylor and Scott in 1846-47. CHAPTER XVII. WAR OF THE HBBELLION. ASSAULT ON FORT SUMTER. The War of the E,ebelliou in the United States of America opened with an assault upon Fort Sumter on the twelfth of April, 1861, and closed with the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, then serving his second term as president of the United States, on the fourteenth of April, 1866. It is not necessary now to recount the causes, running through many years, which led to the insurrection of the people of a portion of the states of the Union against the general government, and arrayed more than a million citizens in arms, involving the expenditure of immense treasure and the loss of the lives of hundreds of thousands of the country's bravest and best men on either side, carrying sorrow and mourning to many hearthstones and multitudes of loving hearts. The causes have passed away; and fortunate indeed is he who shall make a just and impartial history of the events and of the men and women who participated in them during the four years of that bloody war. This book has to do more immediately with what the town, in its corporate capacity, and her citizens as individuals, did during its continuance. "While momentous events were transpiring the people of Clare- mont had their share in them. Their coffers were opened ; their young men were sent forth with a blessing — some of them never to return, others to come home maimed or broken in health for life, and a few to return at the end of the great struggle, weary and worn, crowned with victorious wreaths. With great unanimity the men raised their voices in behalf of the cause of their country, 248 HISTORY OF CLAKBMOKT. and the women gave it hearty work with their hands, and unbid- den tears. On the twelfth of April, 1861, South Carolina, having a few months previous^, by her legislature, passed an act seceding from the Union of States, commenced open hostilities by firing from James's Island upon Fort Sumter, garrisoned by Maj. Robert An- derson and about seventy men under his command. Fort Sumter was besieged for two days, her sources of supply cut off, when, on the fourteenth of April, Major Anderson surrendered the fort to the rebels, himself and his command marching out and embarking on board the United States ship " Baltic " for ISTew York. In his dispatch to the Secretary of "War, relative to the attack upon and surrender of the fort, Major Anderson says : — " Having defended Fort Sumter until our quarters were entirely burned, the main gates destroyed by fire, the gorge wall seriously injured, the magazine surrounded by flames, and its door closed from the effects of heat, and three cartridges of powder only being available, and no provisions but pork remaining, I accepted the terms of evacua- tion offered by General Beauregard — being the same offered by him on the eleventh inst, prior to the commencement of hostili- ties — and marched out of the fort on Sunday afternoon, fourteenth inst., with colors flying and drums beating, bringing away my com- pany and our private property, and saluting the flag with five guns." On the fifteenth of April President Lincoln issued a proclama- tion, stating that an insurrection against the government of the United States had broken out in the states of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, and declared the ports of those states in a state of blockade. On the same day the President issued a call for seventy-five thousand three months volunteers, to aid in suppressing the rebellion against the government, and called upon New Hampshire for a regiment of militia. In response to this call of the President, on April 17, Ichabod Goodwin, then governor of New Hampshire, issued an order to Joseph C. Abbott, adjutant-general, to make proclamation, calling HISTORY OP CLARBMONT. 249 for volunteers from the enrolled militia of the state for one regi- ment of ten companies, each company to consist of three commis- sioned officers, four sergeants, four corporals, and sixty-four pri- vates, with the requisite number of field and staff officers, to be uniformed, armed, and equipped at the expense of the state, and to be held in readiness until called for by the United States gov- ernment. MEETINGS OF CITIZENS. Claremont was all on fire to do her share toward putting down the Rebellion. Governor Goodwin appointed Maj. Otis F. R. Waite general recruiting agent for the western part of the state, who was furnished with all requisite papers and authority to estab- lish recruiting stations at convenient points and appoint recruiting officers. On the eighteenth of April, William P. Austin, who had been one of the selectmen of the town for several years, offered his services as a soldier, took the oaths prescribed, and was duly enrolled by Major Waite. He was the first man in Sullivan county to enlist under the call of President Lincoln for seventy-five thou- sand volunteers for three months. The same day Mr. Austin was appointed recruiting officer for the town of Claremont and vicinity. He at once opened an office in the hall of the Tremont House, and entered upon his duties. Young men flocked in faster than they could be examined and sworn. Notice was issued for a meeting of citizens at the town hall on Friday evening, the nineteenth. At the hour appointed the build- ing was filled to overflowing, ladies occupying the galleries. It was such a meeting of the citizens of Claremont, without distinc- tion of party or sex, as had seldom been held. The meeting was called to order by the venerable 'Gen. Erastus Glidden, and Jonas Livingston was chosen president; Ambrose Cossit, Erastus Glidden, Walter Tufts, Thomas J. Harris, A. F. Snow, Josiah Richards, and Albro Blodgett, vice-presidents ; Edward L. God- dard and John M. Whipple, secretaries. On taking the chair Mr. Livingston made an enthusiastic and patriotic speech. Patriotic speeches were also made by H. W. Parker, Ira Colby, Jr., A. F. 17 250 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Snow, Benjamin P. Walker, and Samuel G. Jarvis. The latter gentleman deposited one hundred dollars as the nucleus of a fund for the families of those who should enlist. Rev. Messrs. R F. Lawrence and R. S. Stubbs, WilUam P. Austin, and Henry G. "Webber, of Charlestown, made stirring speeches. A. F. Snow, Otis F. R. "Waite, John S. Walker, Joseph Weber, Simeon Ide, and George W. Blodgett were chosen a committee to prepare and report resolutions expressive of the sentiments of the town in re- gard to the Rebellion. The meeting was adjourned to the next evening. On Saturday evening the town hall was again crowded, and the excitement was on the increase. The meeting was opened with prayer by the Right Rev. Carlton Chase, D. D., bishop of the dio- cese of New Hampshire. The yoUng men just enlisted by William P. Austin were marched into the hall, where front seats had been reserved for them, and they met with an enthusiastic reception. As they entered, the audience rose to their feet and gave three hearty cheers. The president, Mr. Livingston, led the speaking, and was followed by Otis F. R. Waite, from the committee on resolutions, who reported the following, which were unanimousl}' adopted : Resolved, That all other considerations and issues are now absorbed in the one vital question, "Shall our government be sustained?" — a question of na- tional life and independence, or of ignominious submission to the reign of bar- barism and anarchy, or of unmitigated despotism. Resolved, That the issues forced upon us by the South, and the only one presented, is the existence of any government, — and more directly of that government under which the American people have lived and prospered for a period of eighty years. Resolved, That for the maintenance and perpetuity of the priceless boon of civil and religious liberty, bequeathed by our forefathers in the constitution of this Union, and the free institutions it guarantees, we would imitate their example in unitedly and unreservedly tendering to the government, if need be. "our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honors." Resolved, That in this first call to defend the constitution and the laws at the point of the bayonet, we view with patriotic pride the ready response of the noble sons of New Hampshire and of New England, and the Middle and Western states. . HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 261 Resolved. That while our neighbors are called to defend our flag abroad, we will fill their baskets and their stores, and protect their hearthstones at home. Spirited and patriotic addresses were made by Charles H. East- man, Thomas J. Harris, Arthur Chase, Simeon Ide, Thomas Kirk, Otis F. R. Waite, Eev. Carlos Marston, Hemau H. Cummings, Oscar J. Brown, and Edward D. Baker, when, after three rousing cheers for the " Stars and Stripes," and three more for the brave young recruits who were present, on motion of Ambrose Cossit, a committee, consisting of Ambrose Cossit, Simeon Ide, and Thomas J. Harris, was appointed to petition the selectmen to call a town meeting for the purpose of making an appropriation of two thou- sand dollars, or more, " for the support of the families of those of our fellow-citizens who have enlisted or who may enlist in defense of the country." The meeting then adjourned to the following Tuesday evening. On Tuesday evening, the twenty-third of April, the people again assembled at the town hall, which was densely crowded, and many were unable to gain admittance. This seemed to be the culmi- nating point of the excitement. General Erastus Q-lidden, in the absence of the president, occupied the chair. Patriotic songs were sung, and fervent speeches were made by John S. Walker, Chase ISToyes, George W. Blodgett, William P. Austin, Henry Fitch, and Rev. R. F. Lawrence. Frank S. Fiske, of Keene, special aid to the adjutant general in the recruiting service, was present, and being called upon, made an eloquent and stirring speech. Mr. Austin was present with fifty recruits. Immediately after the call of the president for troops, the ladies of the town bought large quantities of flannel and yarn, and went to work vigorously, making shirts and drawers and knitting socks for the soldiers. Forty or more met daily for this purpose at Fraternity hall. George N. Farwell and Edward L. Goddard authorized William Clark, chairman of the board of selectmen, to furnish the families of volunteers with such provisions as they might need, in his dis- cretion, and they would hold themselves personally responsible 252 HISTORY OF CLAEBMONT. for the same. Under these instructions families were helped to the amount of $222.27, which was afterward assumed by the town. On the twenty-ninth Major Waite received the following tele- gram from the adjutant general : " Close up the stations and come on with the recruits tomorrow, as proposed. Telegraph me that you will do so. Cars will be for you at Nashua." The recruits from other stations having been sent forward, Major Waite started from Claremont on the morning of the thirtieth with eighty-five men enlisted by William P. Austin. They left the village at six o'clock, and marched to the Sullivan railroad station, followed by large numbers of relatives and friends of the recruits, and other citizens. At seven o'clock, after a most touching leave-taking, which will not soon be forgotten by those who participated in or witnessed it, the company went on board the cars, which moved off amid the cheers of the three or four hundred people who had assembled to see their friends and fellow-citizens depart for the war. They went by way of Bellows Falls, Keene, Fitchburg, Groton Junction [now Ayer], Nashua, and Manchester, arriving at Concord about three o'clock in the afternoon. At every con- siderable railway station multitudes of people were assembled, who gave the men their blessing and cheered them on their way. Before leaving Claremont our citizens had provided the recruits with a full day's rations of cold meats, bread, pickles, etc. VOLUNTEEKS. It was understood that the men enlisted at Claremont would go in a company by themselves, and would have the privilege of choosing their own officers from their own number. Accordingly, when the company was full, they elected William P. Austin, cap- tain; John W. Lawrence, first lieutenant; John Dean, second lieutenant; Ziba L. Davies, third lieutenant; Homer M. Crafts, Baron S. Noyes, George H. Weber, Selden S. Chandler, sergeants ; Edward E. Story, Charles H. Parmalee, Chester F. Tibbills, and Joseph Richardson, corporals. The privates of this company from Claremont were HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 253 Oscar C. Allen, Lyman F. Parrish, Alfred Talham, Everett W. Nelson, Edwin M. Gowdey, Ralph N. Brown, Joseph Levey. Charles W. Wetherbee, John W. Davis, John F. Wheeler, John Straw, Wyman R. Clement, George W. Straw, Alba D. Abbott, Charles M. Judd, Heman Allen, Henry S. Morse, Albert F. Russell, Charles E. Putnam, Charles F. Colston, Edward Hall, Jerome B. Douglass, James Delmage, Charles H. Sprague, George P. Tenney, Henry W. Patrick, Joseph Peno, William H. Nichols, Ebenezer E. Cummings, Andrew J. Straw, William E. Parrish, Henry F. Roys, William H. Pendleton, Julius E. Heywood, Alanson F. Wolcott, William H. Blanchard, Anson M. Sperry, Warren W. Howard, Dennis Taylor, Lewis W. Laducer, Albert E. Parmelee, Matthew T. Towne, J. Parker Read, Napoleon B. Osgood, Sylvester E. H. Wakefield. The other memhers of this company were from Acworth, Charlestown, Cornish, and Unity. A finer company of men than those enlisted by Captain Austin did not enter the army as volunteers. They enlisted from a sense of duty, the pay of privates being then but eleven dollars per month, and there was no offer of bounty from the town, state, or United States. Before leaving town, citizens presented the different recruits with dirk knives, revolvers, etc. At a large meeting at the town hall, on the evening of the twenty-ninth, Lietenant John W. Lawrence was presented with a sword by Sherman Livingston. The presen- tation speech was made by H. W. Parker, and responded to in behalf of Lieutenant Lawrence by L-a Colby, Jr. George G. Ide, in behalf of the Claremont Manufacturing Company, presented each member of the company with a handsomely bound pocket Testament. The ladies gave to each two pairs of flannel drawers. 254 HISTORY OF CLAEBMONT. two flannel shirts, woolen socks, towels, pocket handkerchiefs, and needle-book well filled with useful articles. On arrival at Concord the company was sent to Camp Union ; but, being more than men enough already there for one regiment, they were sent to Camp Constitution, Portsmouth, where the Sec- ond regiment was being organized. Under the call of the Presi- dent for one regiment from 'Sew Hampshire, in ten days men enough had been enlisted and sent to rendezvous at Concord and Portsmouth for more than two. On the third of May the President issued a call for twenty thousand volunteers for three years, and ISTew Hampshire was immediately ordered to take no more volunteers for three months, but to enlist, uniform, arm, and hold, subject to orders from the war department, a regiment of three years men. In consequence of this order the alternative was presented to the recruits then at Camp Constitution to re-enlist for three years, or be discharged. Before this alternative was offered, however, the recruits were all re-examined by a surgeon, and those found physically disqual- ified for service were discharged. Among these were Edwin M. Gowdey, Charles F. Colston, and Joseph F. Garfield from Clare- mont. During the organization of the Second regiment a misunder- standing arose between Captain Austin and one or two of the other officers and some of the men, and the company was broken up. ISTone of the officers chosen before the company left Claremont were commissioned. Captain Austin and Lieutenant Lawrence re- turned home, and Lieutenants Dean and Davis re-enlisted for three years as iDrivates. Before the company to which Mr. Dean was at- tached was mustered he was taken down with rheumatic fever, re- ceived an honorable discharge, and came home. Having recovered he re-enlisted on the seventeenth of September, 1861, and was mustered into Company H of the same regiment. Forty-three of the men also re-enlisted for three years, and were put into differ- ent companies, while the remainder were either discharged or sent to Fort Constitution, Portsmouth harbor, to serve out the term of their enlistment. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 255 On the eighth of May, agreeably to warrant, a town meeting was held, at which a vote was unanimously passed to appropriate a sum not to exceed twenty-five hundred dollars, to be paid to sol- diers' families wherever and whenever it may be needed, and Albro Blodgett was chosen, with discretionary power, to carry out the vote. Up to March, 1862, he paid out for this purpose two thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven dollars and twenty-three cents. In most of the churches in town sermons were preached against the Rebellion, and prayers offered for the success of our arms in putting it down. There was an almost unanimous expression of condemnation of the South, and political party lines seemed for a time to be almost wholly obliterated. Every man of influence en- couraged enlistments, and favored all reasonable measures for ren- dering aid to the families of such as had gone or might go to the war. Among the most zealous in the work of raising recruits and aiding families were many who, as Democrats, opposed the elec- tion of Abraham Lincoln for president. The ladies kept at work making articles needed by soldiers in hospitals and in the field; frequent meetings were held during the summer, and a most patriotic spirit. was manifested among the people. HOME GUAKD. In July a company, called the Home Guard, was organized, con- sisting of over a hundred men, many of them past middle age, and among the most prominent citizens of the town, all desirous to do something for the cause of the country. The company chose the following officers : Arthur Chase, captain ; Edwin Vaughan, first lieutenant; John M. Whipple, second lieutenant; Ira Colby, Jr., Francis F. Haskell, Henry S. Parmelee, William D. Rice, ser- geants ; Joseph Weber, John S. M. Ide, D. C. Colby, and John Geer, corporals. The company had frequent meetings for drill, and made quite an imposing appearance. In June, 1861, the legislature passed an act authorizing towns to raise money by vote to aid families of volunteers. 256 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. About the twentieth of July Governor Berry issued an order for enlisting, arming, and equipping the Third Infantry regiment for three years, or during the war, and Dr. E. C. Marsh was appointed recruiting officer for Claremont and vicinity. He soon enlisted thirty-two men, twenty-two of whom belonged in Claremont. These men left Claremont for the rendezvous at Concord on the nineteenth of August. They attended the Methodist church on Sunday afternoon, the eighteenth, and the Rev. R. S. Stubbs preached a sermon from the text, — " Stand fast in the faith ; quit you like men; be strong." On other occasions Mr. Stubbs had, through his sermons, and in other ways, shown his unconditional loyalty and entire devotion to the country; but, on this occasion, when addressing men who were about to take their lives in their hands and go forth to do battle for the Union, he was particularly eloquent and impressive. On the twentieth of August the governor issued an order to raise the Fourth and Fifth regiments. Dr. Eli C. Marsh was or- dered to recruit for the Fourth, and Charles H. Long was ordered to raise a company for the Fifth regiment, the men, when enlisted, to choose their own company officers. All the men accepted and mustered into the service under this call were to receive from the state a bounty of ten dollars. The men enlisted by Mr. Long, making nearly a full company before leaving Claremont, made choice of the following officers : Charles H. Long, captain ; Jacob W. Keller, first lieutenant ; Charles 0. Ballon, second lieutenant, who were subsequently commissioned by the governor. The last of September Edwin Vaughan was appointed recruiting officer, and enlisted several men, who were put into different regi- ments then being organized. On the seventh of February, 1862, news was received by tele- graph of the capture of Fort Donelson. The bells of the village were rung and the joy of the people was manifested in other ways. At the annual town meeting in March, 1862, it was voted that the selectmen be authprized to borrow a sum of money on the credit of the town, not to exceed five thousand dollars, as it may be needed, to aid the families of resident volunteers. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. • 257 Edward L. Goddard, Aurelius Dickinson, and Alexander Gardi- ner were appointed a committee to designate what families were entitled to aid, and Sumner Putnam was chosen agent to pay out the money, without compensation. MEETING OF CONDOLENCE. On Sunday afternoon, June 22, 1862, a public meeting was held in the town hall as a demonstration of respect for the brave Clare- mont men who had been killed at Fair Oaks on the first day of that month, and in other battles, or died in hospitals, and of con- dolence with their surviving relatives and friends. A committee of arrangements had been chosen, and other preparations made, at a previous meeting of citizens of the town. Otis F. R. "Waite, chairman of the committee, called the meeting to order, briefly stated its objects, and presided throughout. Rt. Eev. Carleton Chase, D. D., bishop of the diocese of 'New Hampshire, read selec- tions from the Scriptures ; Rev. Carlos Marston made the opening prayer ; Rev. H. H. Hartwell delivered an address which had been carefully prepared, giving some account of each of the soldiers who had been killed in battle or died in hospitals, together with circumstances connected with the death of each. Short addresses were made by Rev. Oliver Ayer, Rev. R. F. Lawrence, and Rev. Mr. Marston, of Claremout, Rev. Mr. Piper, of Vermont, Rev. Mr. Greeley, a native of Claremont, then settled at Methuen, Mass., Rev. Paul S. Adams, of Newport, and others. On motion of Bishop Chase, Otis F. R. "Waite was chosen histori- ographer to keep a record of events in Claremont, which had tran- spired or should transpire during the war, having connection with it, with a view to its being published in book form after the war had closed. During the meeting several appropriate pieces were sung by members of the difierent church choirs in town. The relatives and friends of deceased soldiers were assigned front seats, and this was made a kind of funeral occasion. The town hall was packed, and, being on Sunday, and clergymen of the several churches taking leading parts, made this one of the largest and most impressive meetings held in town during the war. 258 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. Early in July E. W. Wooddell was appointed a recruiting officer to enlist volunteers for regiments then being formed. On the four- teenth, in the evening, a meeting was held for the purpose of en- couraffina: enlistments. "Walter Tufts was chosen chairman and Joseph Weber, secretary. Spirited speeches were made by D. C. Colby, Rev. Messrs. Lawrence and Marston, E. "W. Wooddell, George R. Lathe, and others. Pursuant to a call by the selectmen, a meeting was held on the evening of the nineteenth of July. Jonas Livingston was chosen chairman and C. C. Church, secretary. E. W. Wooddell offered a series of resolutions reaffirming confidence in the people, the ex- ecutive of the nation, and in the army, and calling upon the people to aid in all practicable ways in raising men to fill the regiments in the field, and form new ones as they may be needed to meet the exigencies of the country. Patriotic speeches were made by Rev. Messrs. Marston and Lawrence, E. D. Baker, C. C. Church, E. W. Wooddell, and others. On the twenty-fifth of the same month another meeting, with the same object in view, was held. C. H. Eastman presided. It was voted to hold a general county war meeting at the town hall in Claremont, on the afternoon of the second of August follow- ing, and a committee was appointed to make the necessary ar- rangements. COUNTY WAR MEETmG. On the second of August the town hall was crowded to its ut- most capacity, and the village was full of citizens of the county. Henry Hubbard, ot Charlestown, son of the late Governor Henry Hubbard, presided, who, on taking the chair, made some patriotic and well-timed remarks in relation to the state of the country and the duty of loyal men. JSTathaniel S. Berry, governor of the state, James W. Patterson, member of congress, James W. Nesmith, United States senator from Oregon, A. H. Cragin, United States senator for ISTew Hampshire, Peter Sanborn,' state treasurer, Capt. T. A. Barker, of the Second ISTew Hampshire regiment, H. B. Titus, ma- jor of the Ninth New Hampshire regiment, and other distinguished HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 259 gentlemen from abroad, were present and made speeches. The hall was handsomely decorated with flags and other emblems ap- propriate for the occasion. This was one of the largest and most enthusiastic meetings ever held in town. At a legal town meeting on the seventh of August, the following votes were unanimously passed : Voted, That the selectmen be authorized to borrow a sum of money, not exceeding fiye thousand dollars, to pay a bounty to citizen volunteers — the sum of fifty dollars to each — to fill the quota of three hundred thousand, when mustered into the United States service. Voted, That the selectmen be authorized to bon-ow a sum of money, not to exceed three thousand dollars, to pay a bounty of fifty dollars to each citizen volunteer who has or may enlist and be mustered into the United States service, to fill the last quota of three hundred thousand. During the month preceding August 12, 1862, recruiting offices had been opened in town by Orville Smith, of Lempster, Syl- vanus Clogston, of Washington, and E. W. Wooddell, of Clare- mont. Up to that date they had enlisted — Mr. Smith, thirty-five men; Mr. Clogston, twenty-six men; and Mr. Wooddell, ten, a large share of whom were residents of the town. They were taken to Concord to fill old and help to form new regiments, as the men themselves might respectively elect. About the middle of August William H. Chaffin was author- ized to recruit men in this town for regiments then being raised in the state, and opened an office for that purpose. At a town meeting on the seventeenth of September, 1862, it was " Voted to pay all resident citizens who have enlisted under the two last calls of the President, and previous to August 11, 1862, fifty dollars each when mustered into the United States service. Also, all those who have enlisted since August 11, 1862, one hundred dollars each, when mustered into the United States service," and the selectmen were authorized to borrow a sum not exceeding eight thousand dollars to carry this vote into effect. At the annual town meeting in March, 1863, the selectmen were authorized by vote to borrow not exceeding five thousand dollars, to aid families of soldiers, the selectmen to designate who were 260 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. entitled to aid, and Sumner Putnam was chosen to pay out the money, without remuneration. On Sunday, May 10, a, telegram was received in town announcing the capture of Richmond. It was read in the churches, bells were rung, cannon fired, and other demonstrations of joy made. But it turned out that the telegram was not quite true. The surrender of Vicksburg was celebrated in Claremont, July 7, 1863, by the ringing of bells, firing of cannon, etc. Edward F. Johnson, a son about twenty years old of Edwin Johnson, while assisting to fire the cannon on Dexter hill, was very severely injured by the premature discharge of the gun, losing the right hand, and having the other badly mutilated, besides other injuries. Subse- quently a considerable sum of money was contributed by citizens of the town for his benefit. On the fifth of August what was left of company G, Fifth regi- ment, came home on furlough. Out of eighty-one men who left town under Captain Long, in September, 1861, less than two years before, only twelve came home. Twenty-four had been killed in battle or died of disease, and the balance had either been dis- charged, or were left behind in hospitals. An ovation was given these twelve men at the town hall ; addresses were made by several gentlemen, and a handsome supper was provided at the Tremont House, to which about fifty citizens sat down. After the eating had been finished, spirited speeches were made, sentiments offered and the whole afPair passed oft" very pleasantly. On Thursday, the sixth of August, the President's thanksgiving for the success of our arms was observed. Business was generally suspended. Eeligious services were held at the Bajptist church, the Congregationalists and Methodists uniting. All three of the cler- gymen took part and made addresses. THE DRAFT. On the twenty-seventh of August, 1863, the first draft in this congressional district took place at West Lebanon. Ninety-seven men were drafted for Claremont, only four of whom — WilUam S. Sturtevant, Jotham S. Toothaker, and Charles H. Parmelee HISTORY OF CLAEBMONT. 261 entered the army. All the others were either rejected by the ex- amining surgeon as unfit for duty, paid commutation, or furnished substitutes. On the twenty-first of September, in town meeting, it was voted to pay drafted men, or their substitutes, three hundred dollars each and the selectmen were instructed to borrow the money therefor. On the seventh of December the town ofiered a bounty to her citizens who should enlist of three hundred dollars in addition to other bounties. At a previous meeting it had been voted to pay to each volunteer six hundred dollars, the town taking an assignment of the state and government bounties. At the annual town meeting in March, 1864, the selectmen were authorized to borrow a sum, not exceeding six thousand dollars, to aid the families of volunteers and drafted men. Sumner Putnam, as agent, had paid to families of soldiers the preceding year the sum of $5,558.39. In May, 1865, there was another draft at the provost-marshal's office, "West Lebanon, to make up all arrearages, and thirteen men were drafted for Claremont, all of whom were exempted by the examining surgeon, or furnished substitutes. In June, eight more men were drafted for this town, to make up deficiencies in her quota under all calls, none of whom entered the army. At a town meeting on the twenty-third of June, it was voted to instruct the selectmen to " pay a sum not exceeding six hundred dollars to any person who has, or may hereafter, enlist and be mus- tered into the service of the United States, and counted on the quota of this town for the present or any future call." The select- men were also instructed to proceed forthwith to enlist men, as opportunity may oiFer, in anticipation of future calls. In August, 1864, the selectmen oflfered, for men to enlist into the army, bounties as follows : Two hundred for one, and three hundred dollars for three years, besides the bounties offered by the state and United States, amounting in all, for three years' men, to eleven hundred dollars. At the annual town meeting in March, 1865, by vote, the town treasurer was authorized to borrow a sum, not exceeding 262 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. seven thousand dollars, to aid the families of volunteers and drafted men. William E. Tutherly was appointed military agent to provide soldiers to fill all quotas of the town the ensuing year. On the morning of the fourteenth of April, 1865, news of the taking of Richmond came by telegraph, followed on Monday morn- ing, the nineteenth, by this telegram : Official. Lee and his whole army surrendered on Sunday afternoon. Gloria! This was soon followed by a telegram from Governor Gilmore to the selectmen, ordering them to fire one hundred guns, at the expense of the state, in honor of the overthrow of the Rebellion. Business was immediately suspended; the stores closed; men, women, and children were upon the streets; all the church, mill, and school bells were rung; and the order of the governor was executed emphatically upon the common. Everybody rejoiced at the final overthrow of the greatest rebellion on record. A meeting was notified to be held at the town hall in the evening. At the appointed time the town hall was filled as it had seldom been filled before. The multitude was called to order by Charles M. Bingham, and Moses R. Emerson was chosen chairman, who stated the objects of the meeting, and made some pertinent remarks. Rev. Edward W. Clark, pastor of the Congregational church, opened the meeting with prayer. The congregation then united in singing, in a most thrilling manner, " Praise God, from whom all blessings flow," to the tune of " Old Hundred." The glee club, under the direction of Francis F. Haskell, next sang a pat- riotic piece. Spirited addresses were made by Rev. Messrs. J. M. Peck, Edward W. Clark, and E. S. Foster, Hosea W. Parker, Edward D. Baker, Ira Colby, Jr., and others. The audience arose and joined in singing " America," as it is sung only when its eloquence and beauty are fully felt by those who sing it. The meeting dissolved to witness a display of fireworks outside. Many of the public buildings and private residences were handsomely illuminated, and Jefferson Davis and John C. Breckinridge were burned in Q^gj on the common. HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. 263 ASSASSINATION OF ABEAHAM LINCOLN. On the morning of the fifteenth of April came a telegram an- nouncing the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, president of the United States, the night before. This news turned the rejoicing of the loyal people of the North to sincere and deep mourning. On Wednesday, the nineteenth of April, in accordance with rec- ommendation from "Washington, and special proclamation of the governor of New Hampshire, the obsequies of the President were observed. Business of every kind was entirely suspended; at twelve o'clock the church bells were tolled; minute guns were fired, and the people assembled at the town hall to pay their respects to the memory and worth of the murdered President, Abraham Lincoln. Never did the people of Claremont more sin- cerely mourn than on this occasion. Eev. Edward W. Clark read the governor's proclamation, and made the opening prayer. An appropriate piece was sung by the choir, under the direction of Francis F. Haskell. Rev. E. S. Foster read selections from Scripture ; Rev. F. "W". Towle offered prayer ; addresses were made by Rev. Messrs. S. G. Kellogg, Moses Kimball, of Ascutneyville, Vt., Foster and Towle, of Claremont, Albert Goss, of Auburn, N. Y., and Clark, of Claremont. The choir sang the hymn com- mencing, " Why do we mourn departing friends ?" to the tune of " China," and Rev. Mr. Kimball pronounced the benediction in the most solemn manner. SUMMAKT. Whole number of volunteers from Claremont . Whole number of drafted men who entered the army Whole number of drafted men who furnished substitutes Whole number killed in battle Whole number who died of wounds . ... Whole number who died o£ disease .... Whole number who served to the end of the war Number of families who received aid from the town and state 370 5 74 33 14 20 85 173 Amount of town and state aid furnished to families $26,219.61 This summary includes all the Claremont soldiers who were connected with New Hampshire and other regiments whose his- 264 HISTOKY OF CLAREMONT. tory is known. Many re-enlisted, while others served in more than one organization, — some in three or four, — which, with substitutes furnished, and commutation paid by men who were drafted, make the whole number four hundred and forty-nine, of soldiers put down to the credit of the town daring the war. claremont's quota of soldiers. The enrollment in Claremont in April, 1865, embracing all male citizens of the age of eighteen years, and under forty-five years, liable to do military duty, was four hundred and thirteen. The whole number who entered the army and navy, from April, 1861, to April, 1865, was four hundred and forty-nine. This includes all enlistments, some of the men having enlisted two or more times, the drafted men who furnished substitutes, and those who entered the army. The quota required to be sent from each town in the state under all the calls for troops, from July, 1863,, was proportioned to the number of enrolled militia, as above. Claremont's quota was set at one hundred and seventy-seven^ and she furnished two hundred and six recruits, being an excess of twenty-nine over what she was required to furnish. LADIES' SOLDIERS' AID SOCIETIES. Immediately after the assault upon Fort Sumter and the call of the president for seventy-five thousand volunteers, for three months, the ladies of Claremont manifested their zeal in the cause of their country by meeting at the house of Mrs. Susan J. Adams, to prepare bandages and other articles needed in army hospitals. In May, 1861, an urgent call came to the ladies for hospital stores and garments suitable for sick and wounded soldiers. A notice was published in the village papers inviting the ladies to meet in Fraternity hall. At the appointed time a large number assembled. The meeting was called to order by Miss Elizabeth Sprague. Remarks were made urging the importance of organ- ized and earnest effort to minister to the comfort of the sick and wounded soldiers, and to give to our men articles of cloth- ing not furnished them by the government. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 265 A society called the Ladies' Union Sewing Circle was organ- ized by the choice of the following officers: Mrs. M. A. Met- calf, president; Mrs. Edward L. Goddard, vice-president; Miss Elizabeth Sprague, secretary and treasurer ; Mrs. Obed D. Barnes, Mrs. Otis F. E. Waite, Mrs. Lewis Perry, Mrs. Charles H. East- man, Mrs. Edward L. Goddard, and Mrs. Mary Blanchard, com- mittee to have special care and direction of the work. This society met at Fraternity hall daily. The work at first was upon flannel garments and other articles for the men en- listed by Capt. William P. Austin, a large portion of whom be- longed in Claremont. Each man was furnished by this society with a pair of woolen drawers, undershirt, towels, pocket hand- kerchiefs, woolen socks, pin-flat, and needlebook, well filled with useful articles. By special contribution they raised seventy- five dollars for rubber blankets, eight dollars and thirty-eight cents for havelocks, and thirteen dollars and twenty-nine cents for extra pairs of woolen hose. The ladies kept at work as well at home as at their stated meetings, throughout the summer, for soldiers and hospitals. In September Charles H. Long enlisted a company of one hun- dred men for the Fifth regiment, all belonging in Claremont and vicinity, and each was furnished with bed sack, towels, hand- kerchiefs, and woolen hose. AUXILIAEY SANITARY COMMISSION. Early in October, 1861, the United States Sanitary Commis- sion sent an appeal to the ladies of Claremont to organize an Auxiliary Sanitary Commission, in order the better to systema- tize their labors and the manner of sending forward and appro- priating to their proper uses the fruits of their liberality and labor. In response to a call, the citizens met at Fraternity hall on the eleventh of October for this purpose. Simeon Ide, Thomas J. Harris, Joseph Weber, Mrs. Edward L. Goddard, Mrs. M. A. Metcalf, and Mrs. Charles H. Eastman were appointed a com- mittee to canvass the town and secure the co-operation of all loyal women in this movement. 18 266 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. An adjourned meeting was held on the sixteenth of October, when the committee submitted a plan of organization, making every lady in town, who would pay into the treasury one dol- lar, a member, and proposed the following list of officers, which plan and report were adopted: Simeon Ide, president; Mrs. Samuel P. Fiske and Mrs. Leonard P. Fisher, vice-presidents; Thomas J. Harris, treasurer; Cyrenus S. Parkhurst, secretary; Edward L. Goddard, Frederick T. Kidder, Arthur Chase, Mrs. M. A. Metcalf, Mrs. G. W. Lewis, Mrs. Obed D. Barnes, Mrs. Edward L. Goddard, Mrs. Charles H. Eastman, and Mrs. Jotham G. Allds, directors. The directors appointed Mrs. Lewis Perry, Miss Marion Rich- ards, Mrs. Francis Whitcomb, Miss Diantha Sargent, Miss Alice Jones, Mrs. James Goodwin, Mrs. James Brickett, Mrs. Otis F. R. Waite, Mrs. Stephen F. Eossiter, Mrs. David F. Tutherly, Miss Stella Wallingford, Miss E. M. Bond, Mrs. Albert 0. Ham- mond, Mrs. Freeman S. Chellis, Mrs. Amos D. Johnson, Mrs. Robert R. Bunnell, Mrs. Anson S. Barstow, Mrs. George W. Lewis, and Miss Isabella D. Rice to solicit money, hospital stores — such as preserves, jellies, pickles, etc., or clothing — to fill a box which the society wished to send forward. For a time this organization received the active co-operation of the gentlemen holding the principal offices, after which they seemed occupied with other matters, and early in the winter of 1861 the ladies took the management and funds of the society, Mrs. Samuel P. Fiske acting as president, and Mrs. Edward L. Goddard as secretary and treasurer. The sewing circle was a Union sewing circle in the fullest acceptation of the term. Love of country, love of the brave and noble soldiers who left their homes to fight our battles, to suffer and die in prison or hospital, helped these patriotic women to surmount every obstacle and forget all opposition and discour- agement. A few ladies of Unity sent valuable contributions, which were forwarded in the first boxes sent to Washington from Claremont. The meetings were frequent, well attended, seemed to be per- HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 267 vaded by a solemn sense of the importance of the utmost dili- gence in the performance of the work in hand, and pleasant to all interested in their object. Many ladies, whose names do not appear as having any special charge, were among the most ac- tive and efficient workers. Among the gentlemen in town most active and enthusiastic in aiding the ladies in their work, encouraging enlistments, and helping soldiers and their families, was Rt. Eev. Carlton Chase, bishop of the diocese of New Hampshire. He opened his house to the ladies, attended and addressed public meetings, and in other ways showed how much he had the cause of the country at heart. The ladies engaged in this society enlisted for the war, nor did they cease their efforts until Richmond was taken and the rebel armies had surrendered. During the existence of this aux- iliary society they sent thirty-three large boxes to the United States Sanitary Commission rooms in Washington and Boston, containing the following articles : 153 pairs woolen drawers, 195 woolen shirts, 373 cotton shirts, 29 pairs cotton drawers, 1,029 towels, 901 handkerchiefs, 84 needlebooks, 624 pairs of woolen hose, 221 woolen blankets, 333 quilts, 169 sheets, 244 pairs mit- tens, 39 comfort bags, 45 vests, 59 pillow sacks, 139 bed sacks, 261 pillows, 241 pillow cases, 198 pairs slippers, 189 dressing gowns, 51 havelocks, 2 collars, 1 military overcoat; 1 military dress coat, 1 pair military pants, 1 blouse, 1 linen jacket, to- gether with large quantities of dried and canned fruits, pickles, bandages, lint, linen and cotton pieces, 75 quarts of wines, and 50 pounds of cornstarch, books and other reading matter, all of which was most generously given by the friends of the soldiers in every part of the town. They also sent to the Boston and Balti- more fairs, for the benefit of the soldiers, about one hundred and fifty dollars' worth of fancy articles, all of which were contrib- uted by the ladies of this society. The society received of its members and other individuals about twelve hundred dollars, four hundred dollars of which was real- ized from exhibitions, festivals, and concerts. When they closed a 268 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. their labors, in the spring of 1865, there remained in the treasury one hundred and sixty dollars, which was placed at interest, to be appropriated for the erection of a monument in commemoration of Claremont's brave soldiers, who gave their lives for the country when she needed such sacrifice. At the commencement of the war the ladies of "West Claremont formed themselves into a working band for the soldiers, and met together occasionally for work, though much was done at their homes. Large numbers of articles were sent to their destination during the first few months through the society at the village, after which they sent the articles of their industry and benevolence direct to Washington. As no ofiicers were chosen, no record of the money expended was kept for any length of time. The money used and articles given were from residents at West Claremont, ex- ceijt fifty dollars from the Sanitary Commission in the village in the winter of 1864-65, placed in the hands of Mrs. Wyllys Red- field, and expended for materials which were made up by the ladies. During the war not less than eight or ten barrels and boxes filled with quilts, shirts, dressing gowns, socks, dried fruits, jellies, wines, and other articles, were sent by the ladies of West Claremont. THANKSGIVING TO SOLDIERS' FAMILIES. In November, 1864, Charles M. Bingham, ISTathaniel Tolles, Otis F. R. Waite, Samuel G. Jarvis, and Walter H. Smith were chosen a committee to collect contributions, and distribute to families of soldiers, and others in town who were considered needy, provisions for Thanksgiving. Citizens freely contributed from their stores what was valued in money at thirty dollars and thirty-one cents, and, in money, one hundred and twenty dollars and forty-five cents, making a total of one hundred and fifty dollars and seventy- six cents. The money received was carefully expended for provis- ions, which were distributed to one hundred and three families, according as the committee judged of their several needs. The articles carried to the different dwellings consisted of one hundred and fifty chickens, seventy-five roasts of beef, weighing from seven HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. 269 to fourteen pounds each, several pieces of fresh pork, a large quan- tity of butter, cheese, vegetables, groceries, etc. To the credit of the citizens of Claremont it should be recorded here that during the four years of that cruel war no soldier's family had just cause for complaint that the means of comfort were not abundantly and cheerfully provided them ; and sympathy and aid extended to such as were called to mourn the loss of husband, father, son, brother, or friend, by the casualties of the Rebellion. CHAPTER XVin, soldiers' monument. At the annual town meeting in March, 1867, it was voted to ap- propriate one thousand dollars for the erection of a monument to those Claremont men who had been killed in battle or died in the army during the War of the Rebellion, on condition that five hun- dred dollars should be raised by subscription, or otherwise, for the same purpose. The Ladies' Sanitary Commission appropriated the funds — about one hundred and sixty dollars, which they had on hand at the close of the war — to this object; and the committee of arrangements for the Fourth of July celebration in 1865 also appropriated about fifty dollars, which they had after paying ex- penses. In addition to this, the ladies obtained in subscriptions not exceeding one dollar each — heads of families generally paid one dollar, and children of all ages twenty-five cents each — a sufii- cient amount to secure the town appropriation ; and these several sums, except the thousand dollars appropriated by the town, were placed at interest. At the annual town meeting in March, 1868, the further sum of two thousand dollars was voted for this object, provided that one thousand dollars should be raised by contribu- tion or otherwise. At the same meeting Samuel P. Fiske, Benjamin P. Oilman, Edward L. Goddard, Charles H. Long, and John L. Farwell were chosen a committee to have the whole matter of the monument in charge. Early in August, 1868, Frederick A. Briggs, Oliver A. Bond, Hosea W. Parker, A. George Boothe, "Wm. P. Far- well, James A. Cowles, Austin C. Chase, and some other gen- tlemen, assisted by several young ladies, gave two very credit- able dramatic entertainments in aid of the Soldiers' Monument HISTORY OF CLAREJIONT. 271 Fund. A string band extemporized for the occasion, and under the joint leadership of Messrs. George "W. Wait, of this town, and Henry A. Christie, of Christie & Wedger's band, Boston, who had his summer home in Claremont, furnished some excel- lent music and contributed very much to the entertainment. The receipts from this source were about one hundred and fifty dollars. Subscription papers were circulated, without limiting the amount that each might pay, and other means used to obtain a sufficient sum to secure the last two thousand dollars voted by the town — making up the whole sum of forty-five hundred dol- lars. Many gentlemen subscribed very liberally, while others gave according to their means, and the required amount was secured. The committee decided to place the monument in the park, south of the town house, and made a very favorable contract with Martin Milmore, of Boston, for a bronze monumental statue of an infantry soldier, at rest. "When the monument and grounds were so nearly completed that a day could be fixed for the dedi- cation, the committee called a meeting of the citizens of the town, at the town hall, on the evening of July 17, 1869, to take measures for the arranging and carrying out of proper exercises. At this meeting Edward L. Goddard was chosen chairman, and Hosea W. Parker secretary. The following gentlemen were chosen a committee to have the whole subject of dedicating the monu- ment in charge : Samuel P. Fiske, Benjamin P. Gilman, Edward L. Goddard, Charles H. Long, John L. Farwell, Oscar J. Brown, John S. Walker, John F. Cossit, Nathaniel Tolles, Hosea W. Parker, J. W. Pierce, Sherman Cooper, Henry Patten, Charles H. Eastman, and William H. Nichols. At a meeting of the committee of arrangements, it was voted to dedicate the monument on the anniversary of the battle of Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864, when Gen. Phil. H. Sheridan, by his timely arrival on the field, changed a defeat of our arms into a glorious victory, taking fifty guns from the enemy. It was also voted to invite Dr. J. Baxter Upham, of Boston, a na- tive of the town, and a son of the late George B. Upham, to 272 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. prouoance an oration. The committee appointed the following officers for the day of dedication: President, John S. "Walker; vice-presidents, Edward L. Goddard, George N". Farwell, Samuel G. Jarvis, Albro Blodgett, Daniel W. Johnson, James P. Upham, Arnold Briggs, Daniel S. Bowker, Edward Ainsworth, Charles M. Bingham, William E. Tutherly, Sylvanus S. Redfield, William Ellis, Fred P. Smith, Hiram Webb ; secretaries, Joseph Weber, Arthur Chase ; chaplain, Edward W. Clark ; marshal, JSTathaniel Tolles, who appointed for assistants, Edwin W. Tolles, Edward J. Tenney, Sherman Cooper, and George H. Stowell. He also appointed Otis F. R Waite, Hosea W. Parker, William H. H. Allen, and Francis F. Haskell to receive and attend to the com- fort of the invited guests. Invitations were extended by circulars to many prominent gen- tlemen', and by posters to the people generally, to be present and join in the ceremonies. The day was ushered in by a salute of thirty-seven guns and the ringing of bells at sunrise. A large concourse of people, variously estimated at from five to ten thou- sand, among them many distinguished ladies and gentlemen from towns in this vicinity and the eastern and middle portions of the state, assembled to do honor to the occasion. At half-past nine o'clock a. m., the invited guests were met at the station of the Sullivan railroad and conveyed in carriages to the village. At ten o'clock a procession, consisting of invited guests and officers of the day in carriages, fire companies, posts of the Grand Army of the Republic, and citizens, was formed on the common under direction of the marshal, and escorted by the Stearns Guards of Claremont, headed by the Claremont Cornet band, marched through Broad, ISTorth, Maple, Elm, Union, Sulli- van, Pleasant, Summer, and Broad streets to the speaker's stand, at the east side of the common, and facing the monumental statue to be dedicated. There was also a stand for the band and choir erected against the south wall of the Universalist church. Arrived at the stand, the band performed a national air. The marshal, ISTathaniel Tolles, called the assembly to order, and intro- duced Samuel P. Fiske, chairman of the committee of arrano-e- mZ u 2 < HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 273 ments, and also chairman of the monument committee, who made a short address, giving an account of the inception of the soldiers' monument to be dedicated, and the work upon it to completion, announced the officers and introduced the president, John S. Walker. The president called upon the chaplain, Rev. E. W. Clark, who invoked the divine blessing in fitting and eloquent terms. The president delivered a short address, welcoming, in well chosen words, all who were present, as well those of the town and county as those from more distant parts. He said that General Philip H. Sheridan had accepted an invitation to be present, and had been expected until that morning, when a telegram was received from him, explaining his inability to be with us. It concluded : Please say to my old comrades and the good people in attendance how deeply I regret not being present with them to do honor to the memory of the gallant men from New Hampshire who fell in defense of the Union and their rights. At the close of the president's address, the signal being given, the American flag, which had enveloped the bronze statue, was skillfully lifted therefrom by Samuel P. Fiske, chairman of the monument committee, assisted by Benjamin P. Grilman, raised to the top of the pole to which it was attached, and floated in the breeze over the monument. The orator, Dr. J. Baxter Upham, was then introduced, and delivered a very appropriate oration, in a voice that could be heard by those of the vast crowd most remote from the speaker. It was a touching and eloquent tribute to the dead heroes com- memorated by the monument. Every word of it is worthy a place in this book, but the imperative law of necessity compels its abbreviation, at the risk of marring the beauty of the per- formance. Among other things the speaker said : Standing here, under this gray October sky, near the spot where I was born, on an occasion at once so novel and impressive, before these high dignitaries of the state, these hero-representatives of our armies, in the presence of this vast multitude who have come up hither from all parts of the old county of 274 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Cheshire, o,nd from more distant towns — many of whom are known to me from my childhood — a crowd of tender recollections comes rushing back upon my brain. The outward world around us remains indeed the same. The same nature — undying, undecayed — is here. But all else, how changed! As I look out upon these scenes, so familiar and dear to me — this amphitheater among the hills, the solemn Ascutney, the meadow and its winding river, — to swim in whose waters and skate upon whose glassy surface was a part of my early edu- cation, — the sight of the old schooihouse and the church, these plains and valleys and fertile fields, calm and peaceful as of old, I can with difficulty bring to myself the reality that some of those who joined with me here in the sports of boyhood have passed through the maddening carnage of civil war, and I now read their names on yonder tablets — that martyr list of heroes. But if, amid all the carnage, political and social, which must needs happen in a quarter of a century and more of one's life, it had been possible to foresee that "great trial and great task of our liberty" through which we have just gone, I could have also foreseen, to a certainty, that the part my native town should bear in it would be just the honorable record it has shown. The mili- tary history of the state justifies this. The chronicles of the town from the first settlement in 1762, have given a warrant and a pledge of it. From among the earliest settlers I find the name of Joseph Waite — whether or not an an- cestor of our respected fellow-citizen of that name to whom we are all so much indebted for his valuable and painstaking history of our Claremont soldiers in the recent struggle I cannot say — Colonel Joseph Waite, who, on the authority of Mansfield, the annalist, had already won distinction in the French and Indian war, was a captain in Rogers's famous corps of Rangers in 1759, and com- manded a regiment in the war of the Revolution, — Captain Joseph Taylor, who, in 1755, was taken by the Indians and sold to the French, but escaped and took part in the siege of Louisburg, and afterward in the Revolutionary struggle, and died at the good old age of eighty-four, in 1813, — Hon. Samuel Ashley, a man of note in our aunals, who had served with credit in the old French war, and filled many offices of civil trust in the town, and others of like distinction, who might be named if the time would permit. And imme- diately upon the outbreak of hostilities in 1775, I find the names of several of our citizens upon the muster rolls of the First New Hampshire regiment — that honorable regiment which, under the gallant Stark, was conspicuous at Bunker Hill, and which followed the varying fortunes of the patriot army till the final capitulation at Yorktown. The men of Claremont bore their part also in the second war with England, on the field where Miller and McNeil so nobly up- held the honor of the state. In later struggles — in Texas, under Houston one life from here, at least, went down to its unknown grave. Nor were the Florida and Mexican wars without their representatives from this devoted town. So, when the news came that treason and rebellion had burst forth into HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 275 actual hostilities on that memorable twelfth of April, 1861, true to the old honor and name, the citizens of Claremont, with one accord, sprang to meet the issue. I need not recall to your minds with what alacrity the whole com- munity came together, each vying with the other in encouraging enlistments, and furnishing that material which has well been called "the sinews of war" — pledging, if need be, in the spirit and language of the Revolutionary fathers, "their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred honor," — womanly hands, too, taking up the good work, and laboring earnestly and unceasingly for the same noble end — all this is still fresh in your memories. Within three days of the President's proclamation and call for seventy-five thousand men to suppress a rebellion against the government of the United States, and immediately upon the order issued by the governor for a regiment to be raised in this state to serve for three months, an office was opened here for enlistments; "the young men," says our historian, "flocked in faster than they could be examined and sworn." On the thirtieth of the same mouth. Major Waite set forth, with the eighty-five patriot soldiers recruited by Captain Austin, for the rendezvous of the regiment at Concord — a full company, nearly, from this town of about four thousand inhabitants, — and if the whole popu- lation of the state had been represented in the same ratio, instead of a single regiment of seven hundred and eighty rank and file, enough for more than ten regiments could have been had on this first call to arms. As it was, more than enough for two regiments volunteering, the Claremont men were sent to Portsmouth, where, at the second call of the President, on the third day of May, for three hundred thousand men for three years, one half of this company at once re-enlisted, the remainder being discharged for disability or sent to the defense of the sea coast at Fort Constitution. This was the first offering of some of its noblest representatives sent forth by this town to battle with the Rebellion. They could have been urged by no other than the purest mo- tives of patriotism — with no prospect of reward save the proud consciousness of doing their duty. This regiment, in which they finally enlisted, was virtually the first of the New Hampshire regiments in the War of the Rebellion, though still retained as the second in nomenclature of the New Hampshire line — first, as it was, at least, coeval in its organization with the three months' regiment which preceded it, by a little, to the field of strife, — first, as it had the priority in its actual baptism of fire and of blood. Not to lay undue stress upon this point, I may be pardoned for dwelling somewhat on the exploits of this gallant regiment, from the circumstances I have already named, and from the fact that it was my proud good fortune, at the head of a thousand sons of New Hampshire, to welcome its full ranks as it passed through Boston on its way to Washington, on the twentieth of June, 1861; and therefore I have followed its onward career with more than ordinary interest. It alone, among the regiments of our state, par- ticipated in the first great battle of Bull Run, doing all, under its brave leaders, 276 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. that valor and determination could do to breast the wofnl disasters of that day — giving in the death of Andrev? J. Straw of this town, the first New Hamp- shire martyr to freedom, slain in battle, in this war. The loss of the regiment in killed and vrounded was severe. Its gallant colonel was stricken down at the head of his command, early in the action, but returned and continued in the fight. It went into the fray with full ranks and buoyant spirits. It came out of it with at least equal honor with any other of that patriot army, which then and there learned the stern but salutary lesson of a first defeat. Its next experience was at the siege of Yorktown, and immediately afterward, at the sanguinary battle of Williamsburg, where it fought with honor and with varying success, with the loss of about one hundred men. We hear of it next at Fair Oaks and Malvern Hill, and in most of the bloody battles of the memorable seven days fight and retreat to the James river. The following year, after consecrating itself to the cause at the second Bull Run, where it behaved with distinguished gallantry, losing ten of its twenty-one commissioned ofiicers, and one hundred and thirty-two of the little more than three hundred rank and file with which it entered the fight, it encamped at night on the identical spot where it formed its first line of battle in 1861. Thence its route was direct to Chantilly and Fredericksburg, in which last it found in the general-in-chief of the army, its tried and faithful leader, under whom, as colonel commanding a brigade, it had fought at the first Bull Run. In the memorable battle of Gettysburg its gallantry was conspicuous, suffering a loss, in killed and wounded, of a majority of its field and line officers, and more than one half of its rank and file. The next year finds the regiment engaged in the action at Drury's Bluff — the battle of Cold Harbor and second Fair Oaks, and the siege of Petersburg. This was after it had returned to New Hampshire, been reorgan- ized, had incorporated into its ranks the residue of the Seventeenth, a nine months regiment, and otherwise recruited its shattered forces, and came back with a renewed vigor to the scene of conflict. The regiment was subsequently in several skirmishes and minor engagements, losing heavily in the aggregate — took part, under Butler, in the defense of Bermuda Hundred — and on the third of April, 1865, entered the city of Richmond and encamped on its out- skirts, amid the smoke and cinders of the burning capital. Here it remained until after the surrender at Appomattox. It was not until the twenty-sixth of December following that the corps was finally paid off and disbanded, having enlisted earlier and remained later in the field than any other permanent organi- zation from the state. "The roll of this regiment," writes one of its field officers, "presents, since its organization, a list of more than three thousand names. Every regiment from New Hampshire, with two exceptions, has been supplied, in part, with officers from its ranks. The rosters of more than thirty regiments in the field contain the names of those who were identified with it. It has marched six thousand miles, and lost in action upwards of one thousand men." HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. 277 On the marble tablets in yonder town hall, which from henceforth shall be a memorial hall as well, we may trace the names of seventy-three young men who fought in these armies and voluntarily laid down their lives upon the altar of their country — more than a seventh part of the four hundred and nine, who, from first to last, enlisted here — so many, alas, in number, that there is not room for them upon the entablature of this or any common monument. I could wish it were possible to write them, one and all, in letters of living light, on the sides of these everlasting hills, that they might be read and known of all men. Sufier me, reverently, to speak to you some of these familiar names : Colonel Alexander Gardiner, commanding the Fourteenth regiment, — the model of a faithful, efficient officer, the scholar, and the accomplished gentle- man, — Captain AVilliam Henry Chaffin, acting lieutenant-colonel of his regi- ment, and Lieutenant Henry S. Paull — both brave and true men, killed at the same time that their beloved commander was mortally wounded at the battle of Opequan creek, near Winchester, on the nineteenth day of September, 1864 — over whose remains, with others slain in that memorable engagement, a grateful state has placed a monument on the field. Lieutenant Ruel G. Austin, mortally wounded at the battle of Gettysburg. Lieutenant Charles O. Ballou, " whose memory shall be kept," wrote the captain of his company, "so long as the banner of the glorious Fifth continues to wave." Lieutenant Robert Henry Chase, "than whom New Hampshire has sent no braver man to the field," said the commanding officer of his regiment. Lieutenant Samuel Brown Little, stricken down in the thickest of the fight at Antietam, and though still disabled, hastened to Fredericksburg, to receive there his mortal wound. Lieutenant George Nettleton, whose last words to his wife were, — "If I fall, remember it was at the post of duty and in a noble cause." Lieutenant William Danford Kice, — "too well known and loved for any words of mine to add to or detract," wrote Lieutenant-Colonel Whitfield of him. Sergeant Luther A. Chase, Sergeant Horatio C. Moore, Sergeant Edward F. Moore, Sergeant Ard Scott, Sergeant George E. Rowell, Sergeant Charles W. Wetherbee, — " Dead on the field of battle." There remains unread a still larger list of the honored dead — equally high on the martyr roll of fame; indeed, it is the peculiar feature of this war that in the rank and file of the patriot army are to be found instances innumerable of heroic daring — of devotion, of self-sacrifice, and Christian patriotism — that can hardly be paralleled in the annals of war in the world. To name two or three only of such instances : Take young Putnam of the Second, who in the hurried and disastrous retreat of the first Bull Run, found time to go out of his way to visit his wounded associates in the hospital, and to get water for his dying comrades, under the storm of the enemy's shot and shell — of whom 278 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. his commanding officer wrote, " His kindness and manly bearing had taught me to love him like a brother ; " and Neal, of the Third, whose last regret was that he "had but one life to give to his country;" and Hart, of the Fifth, — Charles A. Hart, — who, when mortally wounded and left upon the field, did just what immortalized the name of Sir Philip Sidney at the battle of Zut- phen — declined the proffered aid to himself in favor of another at his side who seemed to him to need it more. But I forbear. Surviving heroes ! — who so freely offered yourselves to death and yet live — to you and your children and your children's children belongs the legacy of this goodly day. Spirits of the heroic dead! — slain in battle, or dead of wounds or disease, of exposure or starvation, — martyrs to your country and to liberty, — if from your serene abode it be permitted you to take cognizance of things here, — to you and to your beloved memory we dedicate this offering of our admiration and our love. I^ay, rather, in the undying words of our martyr president, "It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this thing. But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate — we cannot consecrate — we cannot hallow — the ground where rests our heroic dead. It is for us, the living, rather to be ded- icated to the work they have so nobly achieved. It is rather for us to take from these honored dead, increased devotion to the cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion ; to highly resolve that the dead shall not have died in vain — that this great nation shall, under God, have a new birth of freedom, and that the government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth.'' After the oration, '' America " was sung by the choir, under the leadership of Moses E. Emerson. The president then introduced Gov. Onslow Stearns, who made a short address, followed with ad- dresses by ex-Govs. Walter Harriman, Frederick Smyth, United States senator James W. Patterson, Col. Mason W. Tappan, and ex-congressman Jacob H. Ela. The exercises closed by the sing- ing, by the choir and all present, of that grand old ascription, " Be Thou, God, exalted high." The procession was then re-formed and marched to the Tremont House, where the invited guests, the committee of arrangements, officers of the day, and citizens, in all about eighty, ladies and gen- tlemen, at four o'clock partook of a sumptuous dinner. Members of fire companies and posts of the Grand Army were liberally pro- vided for by contributions of citizens, at the town hall, where tables were laid for about five hundred. After these had eaten, the doors CHARLES H. LONG. HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 279 were thrown open to the multitude, and not less than one thousand were fed in this way. There was a great quantity of food left, which was carefully gathered up and distributed to such as needed it. THE MONUMENT. The monument consists of a handsome granite pedestal, seven feet high, surmounted by a bronze statue of an infantry volunteer soldier, of heroic size, in full regulation uniform, leaning in an easy and graceful way upon his gun. Beneath the statue, on the gran- ite die, is the following inscription : " ERECTED IN HONOR OF THE SOLDIERS OF CLAREMONT, WHO DIED IN THE REBELLION OF 1861-65, BY THEIR GRATEFUL FELLOW-CITIZENS, 1869." FINANCIAL STATEMENT. Beceipts. E. L. Goddard, for Fourth of July committee of 1865 ; principal, $47.00; interest, $13.00 $60.00 Mrs. E. L. Goddard, Treasurer Auxiliary Sanitary Com- mission: principal, $150.00; interest, $41.25 . . 191-25 From subscriptions of 1867 : principal, $642.72 ; interest, $95.37 ''3S-09 Dramatic company 94.00 Subscriptions, 1869 970.63 Town appropriations for monument and park improve- ments, as per vote of 1867-68 . . • . • 3,500^ Total $5,553.97 Bisbursements. Martin Milmore, for monument $4,000.00 E. Batchelder, for granite curbing 250.00 Concrete walk and grading 807.23 Fence, $337.14; labor, $159.60 . • • • ■ ^96., 4 Total . . . • • $5,553.97 CHAPTER XIX. MEMORIAL XABLBTS — EECORD OF SOLDIERS. The large number of those Claremont men who were killed in battle and died of wounds or disease Avhile in the service, rendered the inscription of all their names upon the monnment impracti- cable ; therefore marble tablets were erected in the town hall — bearing the following Roll of Honor, except that the date and man- ner of death of each is added here, to perpetuate more fully their record : CITIZEN SOLDIERS OF CLAREMONT WHO DIED FOR THEIR COUNTRY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION, 1861-65. Colonel Alexander Gardiner. 14th Kegt. N. H. Vols. Mortally wounded at the battle of Cedar Creek, near Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. Died of wounds Oct. 8, 1864. Captain William Henry Chaffin. Co. I, 14th Eegt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Cedar Creek, near Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. Lieutenant Ruel G. Austin. Co. A, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Wounded at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 6, 1863. Died of his wounds at Baltimore, Md., July 26, 1863. Lieutenant Charles O. Ballou. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 18, 1862. Lieutenant Robert Henry Chase. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Ream's Station, Va., Aug. 25, 1864. Lieutenant Samuel Brown Little. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Wounded at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Died of wounds at Fal- mouth, Va., Dec. 24, 1862. Lieutenant George Ifettleton. Co. G, 5th Eegt. N. H. Vols. Wounded at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Died of wounds Dec. 23, 1862. Lieutenant Henry S. Paull. Co. I, 14th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Cedar Creek, near Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864. HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 281 Lieutenant William D. Eice. Co. G, 9th Eegt. N. H. Vols. Supposed killed at Poplar Grove Church, Va., Sept. 30, 1864. Daniel S. Alexander. Co. F, 3d Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Drury's Bluff, Va., May 13, 1864. Oscar C. Allen. Co. H, 2d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Philadel- phia, Pa., Oct. 2, 1862. James P. Bascom. Co. G, 9th Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Fal- mouth, Va., Dec. 25, 1862. Samuel O. Benton. Co. E, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed in battle at Ream's Station, Va., Aug. 16, 1864. Horace Bolio. Co. F, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Gettys- burg, July 2, 1863. Amos F. Bradford. Co. G, 9th Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of diphtheria at Paris, Ky., Nov. 10, 1863. Josiah S. Brown. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. James Burns. Co. G, 5th Eegt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Gettys- burg, Pa., July 3, 1863. Charles F. Burrill. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Charles E. Ballou. Died at Washington, D. C, of disease, Feb. 18, 1864. Samuel S. Carleton. Fourth Battalion, Mass. Rifles. Died at Claremont, N. H., Jan. 23, 1867, of wounds received in battle. Luther A. Chase. Co, G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1863. Wyman R. Clement. Co. H, 2d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Wash- ington, D. C, Aug. 1, 1861. Joseph Craig. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Gettys- burg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Albert G. Dane. Co. A, 3d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died while prisoner at Salis- bury, N. C, Feb. 3, 1865. Ziba L. Davis. Co. H, 2d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Falmouth, Va., Jan. 12, 1863. James Delmage. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Fair Oaks, Va., June 1, 1862. Edward E. French. Co. E, Berdan's Sharpshooters. Wounded at the battle of Cold Harbor, Va., June 19, 1864. Died of wounds Sept. 7, 1864. Moses Garfield. Co. H, 7th N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Goldsborough, N. C, June 29, 1865. 19 282 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. John Gilbert. Co. F, 3d Eegt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Deep Run, Va , Aug. 16, 1864. Frederick W. Goddard. Co. H, 44th Regt. Mass. Vols. Died of disease at Pemberton Square Hospital, Boston, July 3, 1863. Charles B. Grandy. Co. A, 62d Regt. N. Y. Vols. Died of disease at Wash- ington, D. C, Oct. 16, 1861. David H. Grannis. Co. A, 3d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Hilton Head, N. C, March 4, 1863. Timothy Grannis. Co. E, U. S. Sharpshooters; mustered Sept. 9, 1861; died suddenly in camp at Washington, D. C, Jan. 31, 1862. Chester F. Grinnels. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Charles A. Hart. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Fred- ericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. Elisha M. Hill. Co. G, 6th Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of wounds received in battle, Oct. 27, 1862. Damon E. Hunter. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Mortally wounded at the battle of Fair Oaks, Va., June 1, 1863. Died June 22, 1862. William L. Hurd. Co. F, 3d Regt. Vt. Vols. Killed at the battle of Lee's Mills, Va. April 16, 1862. John S. M. Ide. Co. E, Berdan's Sharpshooters. Killed in an engagement at Yorktown, Va., April 5, 1862. Joseph W. Kelly. Co. G, 5th Regt. I^. H. Vols. Died of disease on passage from Fortress Monroe to Washington, in May, 1862. Walter B. Kendall. Co. F, 3d Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed in front of Peters- burg, Va., June 16, 1864. J. Fisher Lawrence. Co. H, 7th Regt. oST. H. Vols. Died of disease at Port Royal, S. C, Aug. 8, 1862. Charles B. Marvin. Co. G, 9th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed in the battle of Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862. Noah D. Merrill. Co. D, 2d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of wounds received in battle, Sept. 16, 1862. Edward F. Moore. Troop L, First New England Cavalry. Killed in the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863. Horatio C. Moore. Co. F, 3d Eegt. N. H. Vols. Mortally wounded in the battle of James Island, S. C, June 16, 1862. Died June 19, 1862. Ransom M. Neal. Co. A, 3d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Hilton Head, S. C, Oct. 30, 1862. HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 283 Everett W. Nelson. Co. H, 7th Regt. N. H. Vols. Wounded and taken prisoner at Fort Wagner, July 18, 1863. Died July 24, 1863. Charles H. Nevers. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed in battle at White Oak Swamp, Va., June 30, 1862. Frederick A. Nichols. Co. F, 3d Regt. N. H. Vols. Mortally wounded near Bermuda Hundred, June 16, 1864. Died next day. Lyman F. Parrish. Co. H, 2d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of small-pox in gen- eral hospital, West Philadelphia, Feb. 20, 1863. William E. Parrish. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Wounded and taken pris- oner in the battle of the Wilderness, and is supposed to have died at Ander- sonville. Joel W. Patrick. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Clare- mont, N. H., Aug. 15, 1862. Henry W. Patrick. Co. H, 2d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Clare- mont, N. H., Aug. 20, 1868. Joseph Peno. Co. C, 3d Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of James Island, June 16, 1862. Charles E. Putnam. Co. H, 2d Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed in the battle of Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862. George H. Putnam. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed in the battle of Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864. George Read. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Newark, N. J., Sept. 9, 1862. Edgar T. Reed. Co. G, 6th Regt. N. H. Vols. Shot while attempting to ar- rest a deserter in the autumn of 1864. Willis Redfleld. 15th Regt. Conn. Vols. Died of yellow fever at Newbern, N. C, Oct. 11, 1864. Charles D. Robinson. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed in the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862. George E. Rowell. Co. H, 11th Regt. N. H. Vols. Died oi disease at Bal- timore, Md., April 10, 1864. George W. Russell. Co. G, 9th Regt. N. H. Vols. Mortally wounded at the battle of Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862, and died next day. Ard Scott. Co. F, 3d Regt. N. H. Vols. Taken prisoner at Darbytown, Va., Oct. 1, 1864. Died of starvation and exposure at Salisbury, N. C, Nov. 20, 1864. Charles N. Scott. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Fair Oaks, Va., June 1, 1862. Edward E. Story. Co. G, 6th Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Hatteras Inlet, March 4, 1862. 284 HISTORY OP CLARBMONT. Andrew J. Straw. Co. H, 2cl Regt. N. H. Vols. Wounded at the battle of Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861, and is supposed to have died in the hands of the enemy. Roland Taylor. Co. G, 6th Regt. N. H. Vols. Mortally wounded at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863, and died a few days afterward. Horace A. Tyrrell. 2d Regt. Mass. Cavalry. Died of disease on his way home, after discharge, Dec. 30, I860. Harvey M. Wakefield. Co. G, oth Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease in hospital, July 5, 1862. George O. Webb. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease at Camp Fair Oaks, Va., June 1.5, 1862. Charles W. Wetherbee. Co. G, 5th Regt. N. H. Vols. Killed at the battle of Fair Oaks, Va., June 1, 1862. John F. Wheeler. Co. A, 2d Regt. N. H. Vols. Taken prisoner at the bat- tle of Bull Run, Va., July 21, 1861. Exchanged and died on shipboard, between Salisbury, N. C, and New York. Norman F. Wliitmore. Co. A, 3d Regt. N. H. Vols. Died of disease, occa- sioned by wounds, at Jacksonville, Fla., June 9, 1864. Augustus E. Woodbury. Co. H, 7th Regt. N. H. Vols. Taken prisoner at Olustee, Fla., Feb. 10, 1864. Died at Andersonville, Ga., June 23, 1864. RECORD OF SOLDIERS. In the following pages is given, alphabetically arranged, in their order by regiments, the names and dates of death of each Clare- mont soldier who has died since the close of the war, in April, 1865 ; and also the record of those who are now living, their places of residence, and if in receipt of pension from the United States government, so far as it has been possible to obtain these facts con- nected with each one. FIRST KEGIMENT. For reasons heretofore stated, there were no Claremont men in this, the only three months regiment from New Hampshire. SECOND REGIMENT. This was a three years regiment, Gilman Marston, colonel. It was organized at Portsmouth, the muster into the United States service completed, and it left the state for the seat of war on June HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 285 20, 1861. It was fiually mustered out and its men paid off and discharged at Concord on the twenty-sixth of December, 1865. Corporal Heman Allen. Co. H, mustered June 5, 1861 ; discharged June 21, 1864 ; resides at the West. Selden S. Chandler. Co. H, mustered June 5, 1861 ; transferred to Fourth United States Artillery Nov. 1, 1862 ; died in the service. Sergeant Homer M. Crafts. Co. I, mustered June 7, 1861 ; discharged for disability May 28, 1862 ; died at Northampton, Mass., July, 1872. John Dean. Co. H, enlisted Sept. 17, 1861; discharged for disability March 17, 1863 ; lives at Parsons, Kans. John W. Davis. Co. I, mustered June 7, 1861; discharged July 21,1864; subsequently enlisted in the regular army. Edwin M. Gowdey. Co. F, enlisted Sept. 16, 1861 ; discharged June 23, 1863 ; was in other service later ; lives in Claremont ; pensioner. Edward Hull. Co. I, mustered June 7, 1861; transferred to Second U. S. Cavalry Oct. 27, 1862. Joseph Levoy. Co. I, mustered June 7, 1861; transferred to Second U. S. Cavalry Oct. 7, 1862 ; lives in Claremont. Eugene F. Leet. Co. E, enlisted Sept. 17, 1861; discharged on account of wound in knee, July 2, 1862; lives in Boston; pensioner. Med. Cadet Charles A. Milton. Co. B, mustered June 1, 1861; transferred to Medical Department U. S. Army; died of fever at Mound City, 111., May 15, 1862. William H. Pendleton. Co. I, mustered June 7, 1861 ; discharged July 21 1864; died at Denver, Col. Henry F. Eoys. Co. H, mustered June 5, 1861 ; discharged June 21, 1864 ; lives at Fitchburg, Mass. ; pensioner. Sergeant Joseph Richardson. Co. H, mustered June 5, 1861 ; discharged June 21, 1864; lives in New York state. J. Parker Read. Co. I, mustered June 7, 1861; discharged for disability Dec. 23, 1862 ; lives in Chicago, III. John Straw. Co. H, mustered June 5, 1861; wounded in leg at Bull Run, July 21, 1861, and in foot May 5, 1862; discharged for disability Feb. 1, 1863 ; enlisted in Co. A, N. H. Heavy Artilleiy; discharged Sept. 11, 1865; died in 1867. Sergeant George P. Tenney. Co. H, mustered June 5, 1861 ; discharged June 21, 1864; died at Washington, D. C, Sept. 10, 1892; pensioner. 286 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. THIRD REGIMENT. This was a three years regiment, Enoch Q. Fellows, colonel. It was organized at Concord and left the state for the front on Sep- tember 3, 1861, and the men were paid oiF and discharged on the third of August, 1865. Sergeant Albert J. Austin. Co. F, mustered Aug. 23, 1861 ; wounded at Deep Run, Aug. 16, 1864; discharged July 20, 1865 ; lives in Boston. Alba D. Abbott. Co. A, mustered Aug. 22, 1861 ; mustered out with his regi- ment; residence unknown. John P. W. Barnard. Co. F, mustered Aug. 23, 1861 ; discharged July 28, 1862, for disability ; residence unknown. Sergeant William H. Bigley. Co. A, mustered Aug. 22, 1861 ; discharged with his regiment Aug. 3, 1865 ; lives at North Lubec, Me. ; pensioner. Charles Carroll. Co. D, enlisted Aug. 29, 1862 ; discharged June 26, 1865 ; lives in Claremont ; pensioner. Sanford Colburn. Co. H, enlisted Sept. 19, 1862; wounded in the arm at Morris Island, July 10, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps; lives in Cornish ; pensioner. Jerome B. Douglass. Co. F, mustered Aug. 23, 1861 ; discharged for disa- bility June 28, 1864; residence unknown. George W. Emerson. Co. F, mustered Aug. 23, 1861 ; discharged at end of his term of enlistment; died Feb. 3, 1876. Corporal Frank W.Evans. Co. A, mustered Aug. 23, 1861; lost an arm at Morris Island, S. C, July 10, 1863; discharged Nov. 10, 1863; lives in Wash- ington, D. C; pensioner. Corporal Tracy L. Hall. Co. H, enlisted Sept. 22, 1862; wounded June 16, 1864; mustered out with his regiment ; lives atKeene; pensioner. William C. Parkhurst. Co. F, mustered Aug. 23, 1861 ; discharged Sept. 23 1861 ; died at Springfield, Mass., Jan. 25, 1890. John G. P. Putnam. Co. A, enlisted Sept. 19, 1862; prisoner from August, 1864, to March, 1865; discharged in June, 1865; lives in Claremont; pensioner. George W. Spencer. Co. K, mustered Aug. 24, 1861; mustered out Aug. 23, 1864; lives in Chicago. Jotham S. Toothaker. Co. F, mustered Aug. 23, 1861; discharged for disa- bility Dec. 13, 1862 ; drafted Aug. 27, 1863, and mustered into Co. E, 5th Regt. ; wounded June 17, 1864; mustered out with regiment ; lives in Claremont; is in receipt of a pension. Joel Veasey. Co. F, mustered Aug. 23, 1861 ; discharged at the end of his term of enlistment ; lives at West Windsor, Vt. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 287 George H, Weber. Co. K, mustered Aug. 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability July 29, 1862; re-enlisted in Co. D, 8th N. H., Sept. 2, 1862; wounded at the storming of Port Hudson, May 27, 1863; discharged on account of wounds, Sept. 2, 1868 ; died at Claremont, Jan. SO, 1872. FOURTH REGIMENT. This was a three years regiment, Thomas J. Whipple, colonel. It was organized lit Manchester, and left the state for Washington on September 27, 1861, and was mustered out of the service August 27, 1865. Corporal George H. Emerson. Co. B, enlisted at Nashua, mustered Sept. 18. 1861 ; discharged at the end of his term of enlistment; he was the only Clare- mont man in this regiment. FIFTH REGIMENT. This was a three years regiment, Edward E. Cross, colonel. It was organized at Concord. It left the state on October 28, 1861, and joined Gen. 0. 0. Howard's brigade at Bladenburg, Md. It was mustered out at Concord on the eighth of July, 1865. This regiment was known as " The Fighting Fifth." A full company was enlisted at Claremont by Charles H. Long, a large majority of the men being citizens of the town. Charles S. Abbott. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability April 4, 1862 ; lives at Melrose, Mass. Charles H. Bacon. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability Oct. 27, 1862; killed by falling from a building here, July 25, 1877. Frank Bolio. Co. H, mustered Dec. 29, 1863; wounded slightly at Cold Har- bor, June 3, 1864; deserted from hospital Feb. 21, 1865; lives at Charlestown . Thomas Burns. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; wounded severely in the hand at Fair Oaks, June 1, 1862, and again in the same hand and right leg at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862; discharged on account of wounds June 6, 1863; lives in Claremont; pensioner. Sergeant George E. Brown. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability Sept. 6, 1862 ; lives at Charlestown, Mass. Albert W. Brown. Co. F, mustered Dec. 18, 1863 ; wounded severely at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864; lives at Sunapee. Corporal Ralph N. Brown. Co. G, mustered Aug. 11, 1862 ; wounded severely at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864; lives 3,t Concord; pensioner. 288 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. Corporal Hollis S. Brown. Co. G, mustered Dec. 18, 1863; discharged with the regiment ; lives at Concoi'd ; pensioner. John Butcher. Co. F, mustered Feb. 28, 1862 ; wounded severely in battle ; discharged Nov. 12, 1864; lives in Claremont; pensioner. Selwin R. Bowman. Co. I, mustered Oct. 15, 1861; discharged for disability July 22, 1862; lives in New York city. Charles D. Brough. Co. F, mustered Feb. 28,1862; severely wounded at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862; discharged on account of woimds; received a pension; died at Weathersfield, Vt., July 31, 1879. Lieutenant Wendell E. Cook. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; was succes- sively promoted to corporal, sergeant, and second lieutenant ; was mustered out at the end of his term of enlistment; residence unknown. William W. Cook. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; deserted Nov. 18, 1863, and again April 10, 1865 ; died in Claremont, Feb. 1, 1889. Samuel Crowther. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; wounded in shoulder at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863, and again in both legs at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864; discharged at the end of his term of enlistment, Oct. 29, 1864 ; drew pension ; died in Claremont, May 24, 1885. Ira D. Cheney. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; discharged July 11, 1862; lives at Lowell, Mass; pensioner. Elijah S. Carleton. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; wounded at Fredericks- burg, Dee. 13, 1862; transferred to V. E. C. July 1, 1863; discharged at the end of his term of enlistment ; lives in Claremont. Daniel Cummings. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged at the end of his term of enlistment; died at Keene, Aug. 4, 1877. Lyman H. Cone. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; discharged at the end of his term of enlistment; lives at Windsor, Vt. Charles F.Colston. Co. G, mustered Oct., 1861; discharged for disability Jan. 20, 1863; enlisted in the navy; died in 1866. George W. Fairbanks. Co. G, mustered Oct 12, 1861; discharged for disa- bility Sept. 6, 1862; enlisted in V. R. C. ; discharged Nov. 7, 1865; lives in Marlborough; pensioner. James S. A. Gates. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; discharged for disability Sept. 3, 1862 ; lives in Boston. Israel Germarsh. Co. G, mustered April 20, 1862; deserted in Aug., 1863; lives in Claremont. Lemuel A. Giles. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; severely woimded in thigh; discharged at the end of his term of enlistment. Charles B. Hart. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; discharged for disability HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 289 Nov. 29, 1862; enlisted in V. R. C. Aug. 80, 1864, for three j-ears; lives in Cali- fornia. Leander Harriman. Co. G, mustered Sept. 17, 1862; transferred to V. R. C. Sept. 1, 1863 ; lives at North Walpole. Samuel Henry. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability Sept. 3, 1862; enlisted in V. R. C. Aug. 21, 1863; discharged Nov. 7, 1865; lives at East Berlin, Conn. ; pensioner. Sergeant Levi Johnson. Co. G, mustered Aug. 20, 1862; mustered out May 30, 1865; lives in Claremont; pensioner. Captain Jacob W. Keller. Co. G, commissioned first lieutenant Oct. 12, 1861 ; captain, July 26, 1862 ; wounded severely in the arm at Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862; honorably discharged; appointed captain V. R. C; after the close of the vi'ar he was commissioned first lieutenant in the regular army ; he is now re- tired and lives in New York city. David Latermoulle. Co. H, mustered Jan. 4, 1864; wounded June 3, 1864; transferred to V. R. C. Jan. 24, 1866; lives in Claremont; pensioner. Lieutenant John W. Lawrence. Co. E, mustered Oct. 19, 1861 ; appointed sei'geant; promoted to second lieutenant; wounded in the battle of Malvern Hill, July 3, 1862 ; resigned on account of wound Oct. 23, 1862 ; died at Clin- ton, Mass., about 1868. Russell Lovejoy. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability Feb. 28, 1863; enlisted in V. R. C. Aug. 30, 1864; discharged Kov. 7, 1865; died at West Claremont in 1877. Captain Charles H. Long. Co. G, commissioned captain Oct. 12, 1861; wounded severely in the arm in the battle of Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862 ; resigned to receive promotion Nov. 6, 1862 ; captain heavy artillery April 17, 1863 ; pro- moted colonel Sept. 29, 1864; mustered out June 15, 1865; lives in Claremont; pensioner. Addison P. Moore. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability Oct. 20, 1862; lives in Claremont; pensioner. James P. Milton. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability March 24, 1862; died in Claremont, July 27, 1866. James Maley. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; wounded severely at the battle of Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862; discharged Feb. 28, 1863; re-enlisted in Co. A, heavy artillery, May 26, 1863, and served to the end of the war. Frank E. Marsh. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; mustered out at the end of his term of enlistment ; lives in Nashua. George "VV. Moody. Co, G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged Aug. 28, 1862; lives at Nashua ; pensioner. Sergeant Baron S. Noyes. Co. E, mustered Oct. 19, 1861 ; discharged for 290 HISTORY OF CLAREiMONT. disability March 4, 1863; enlisted in the U. S. Invalid Corps Sept. 9, 1864; mustered out Nov. 14, 1865 ; pensioner. Enos B. Nevers. Co. I, mustered Oct. 15, 1861 ; deserted Oct. 30, 1862; resi- dence unknown. Daniel J. Nevers. Co. I, mustered Feb. 28, 1862; discharged Dec. 12, 1862; enlisted in V. R. C. Dec. 29, 1863; discharged at the end of the "war; residence unknown. David H. Nichols. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability Feb. 18, 1863 ; enlisted in V. R. C. Aug. 24, 1864; discharged for disability May 6, 1866; lives at Haverhill, Mass. Corporal Edward P. Pike. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged at the end of his term of enlistment; died in California. Sergeant William E. Parrish. Co. F, 2d Eegt., from June 4 to July 31, 1861, when he was discharged for disability; mustered into Co. G, 5th, Oct. 12, 1861; appointed sergeant; discharged for disability Sept. 2, 1862; drafted at St. Johnsbury, Vt. ; assigned to 4th Vt. Vols. ; wounded three times at the battle of the Wilderness ; taken prisoner, sent to Libby prison, Richmond, from there to Andersonville, since which time nothing is known of his fate. John J. Prentiss, Jr. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; discharged Nov. 23, 1863; lives in Chicago. Charles H. Parmelee. Drafted at West Lebanon, Aug. 27,1868; mustered into Co. F Oct 10, 1863; mustered out June 28, 1865; lives in Claremont; pen- sioner. Edward A. Parmelee. Drafted at West Lebanon, Aug. 27, 1863 ; mustered into Co. F Oct. 10, 1863; wounded severely in foot near Hatcher's Bun, Va., March 25, 1865 ; taken prisoner and sent to Libby prison ; his foot was ampu- tated at the instep by a Rebel surgeon on the field ; discharged June 26, 1865 ; lives in Claremont; pensioner. Julius B. Paul. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; transferred to V R. C. July 1, 1863 ; discharged at the end of his term of enlistment ; died at Windsor, Vt. John D. Roberts. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; discharged Oct. 28, 1862; lives at Newj)ort ; pensioner. Henry L. Rowell. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; discharged for disability March 25, 1862. Levi F. Reed. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability Nov. 26, 1862; enlisted in V. R. C. Aug. 30, 1864; discharged Nov. 7, 1865 ; died at Cambridge, Mass., Jan. 22, 1894. David R. Roys. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; wounded at battle of Antie- tam; mustered out July 8, 1865; lives in Claremont; pensioner. HISTOEY OF CLARBMONT. 291 William S. Sturtevant. Drafted at West Lebanon, Ang. 27, 1863; mustered into Co. F Oct. 10, 1863; mustered out June 28. 1865 ; lives at Windsor, Vt. Elisha S. Slides. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; wounded severely in right side, and again in the leg, at the battle of Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862; dis- charged on account of wounds; enlisted in V. R. C. Sept. 12, 1863; discharged Nov. 13, 1865 ; died in Olaremont, May 26, 1889. Charles E. Severance. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; wounded at Fair Oaks, June 1, 1862; transferred to V. R. C. July 1, 1863; lives in Claremont; pensioner. Coi-poral Charles L. Severance. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; wounded in thigh by minie ball at battle of Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862; transferred to V. R. C. July 1, 1863; mustered out at the end of his term of enlistment; he still car- ries the ball in his thigh ; lives in Claremont ; pensioner. Henry S. Silsby. Co. 6, mustered Aug. 11, 1862; disabled at the battle of Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863 ; transferred to V. R. C and was discharged at the end of the war ; lives in Claremont ; pensioner. Cornelius H. Stone. Co. F, mustered Feb. 28, 1862; taken prisoner at White Plains, Va. ; kept at Libby prison and Belle Isle one hundred and fourteen days; exchanged ; at the battle of Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864, received ten wounds — one through the right arm, breaking it badly ; three in the left leg, two with minie balls below the knee, a grape shot in the knee ; a minie ball in the side, and a piece of shell in the back ; fell into Rebel hands and was robbed of all his money and valuable papers ; his leg was amputated above the knee ; lives in Wisconsin ; pensioner. Samuel J. Thorning. Co. F, mustered April 20, 1862 ; in the seven days bat- tle he contracted disease which terminated in epilepsy ; discharged Jan. 15, 1863 ; died at Unity. Corporal Matthew T. Towne. Co. E, mustered Oct. 19, 1861 ; discharged for disability Dec. 24, 1862 ; died from being hooked in the abdomen by a cow, in Sept., 1863. Sergeant Sylvanus M. Tyrrell. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; mustered out Oct. 29, 1864 ; lives in Chicago. Chester P. Tibbills. Co. G, mustered Oct 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability April 22, 1864; lives in Claremont; pensioner. Corporal Lucius Veasey. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; wounded in the head at the battle of Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862; discharged for disability April 13, 1863 ; lives at Windsor, Vt. ; pensioner. Nelson N. Whitmore. Co. G, mustered Sept. 17, 1862 ; wounded severely in the leg, in consequence of which he was discharged; enlisted in V. R. C. Aug. 25, 1864 ; mustered out Nov. 7, 1865 ; died in Newport in 1893. 292 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. Lucius C. Webb. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861 ; discbarged for disability April 18, 1863 ; lives at Canaan, Me. Frank Young. Co. F, mustered Feb. 28, 1862; mustered out with his regi- ment ; lives at New Bedford, Mass ; pensioner. Sergeant John E. Young. Co. G, mustered Oct. 12, 1861; wounded in the battle of Cold Harbor; mustered out at the end of his term of enlistment; lives in Claremont. SIXTH REGIMENT. This was a three years regiment, Nelson Converse, colonel. It was organized at Xeene; the muster was completed on the thirtieth of November, and it left the state for Washington on the twenty-fifth of December, 1861, and joined General Burn- side's expedition. It was mustered out of the United States service July 17, 1865. Surgeon Sherman Cooper. Commissioned assistant surgeon Oct. 17, 1861; pro- moted to surgeon March 20, 1863 ; resigned and mustered out of the service Nov. 30, 1864; lives at Westfield, N. J. ; pensioner. William H. Hadley. Co. G, mustered Aug. 26, 1862; discharged July 1, 1803 ; lives at Lebanon ; pensioner. Charles L. Hadley. Co. G, mustered Nov. 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability Feb. 3, 1864; enlisted in Co. A, Heavy Artillery, Aug. 30, 1864; mustered out Aug. 31, 1865; lives in Boston. Lieutenant Russell Tyler. Co. G, mustered Dec. 3, 1861 ; wounded May 12, 1864, and again June 22, 1864 ; promoted to first lieutenant March 4, 1865 ; wounded again April 2, 1865; mustered out July 17, 1865; lives at Westfield, Mass. ; pensioner. SEVENTH REGIMENT. This was a three years regiment, Haldimand S. Putnam, col- onel. It was organized at Manchester, and left the state January 14, 1862. It was mustered out at Concord July 30, 1865. William Dooley. Co. H, mustered Dec. 14, 1861 ; discharged for disability July 20, 1862; died at Unity Feb. 3, 1891; received pension. John W. Hammond. Co. H, mustered Dec. 14, 1862; discharged for disa- bility July 20, 1862; enlisted in V. R. C. Jan. 31, 1865; mustered out Nov. 7, 1805. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 293 Edwin iEartin. Co. H, mustered Dec. 14, 1861; discharged for disability July 20, 1862 ; died in Massachusetts. Azro J. Mann. Co. H, mustered Dec. 14, 1861; wounded badly at Chatta- nooga, Aug. 30, 1863; discharged on account of wound, July 81, 1864; lives in Claremont ; pensioner. Lieutenant Mansel Otis. Co. A, mustered Oct. 29, 1861; promoted to ser- geant and to second lieutenant Jan. 1, 1864; residence unknown. Corporal Willard C. Severance. Co. H, mustered Dec. 18, 1863; mustered out July 20, 1865 ; lives at Riverside, R. I. Jesse Sparling. Co. H, mustered Dec. 14, 1861; discharged for disability in March, 1862; died in Claremont Nov. 8, 1893; pensioner. Sergeant Chester M. Sprague. Co. H, mustered Sept. 5, 1862; wounded Jan. 19, 1865 ; mustered out July 17, 1865 ; lives in Claremont. Andrew Walker. Co. H, mustered Dec. 14, 1861; discharged Sept. 25, 1862; died in Illinois. George H. Walker. Co. H, mustered Dec. 14, 1861; wounded Feb. 20, 1864; mustered out at end of his term of enlistment, Dec. 22, 1864. Harvey Ward. Co. A, mustered Oct. 21, 1861; discharged for disability July 29, 1862 ; died at Boscawen about 1879. There were no Claremont men in the Eighth regiment. NINTH KEGIMENT. This was a three years regiment, Enoch Q. Fellows, colonel. It was organized at Concord ; left the state on the twenty-fifth of August, 1862, and was mustered out of service on the tenth of June, 1865. George W. Currier. Co. K, mustered Aug. 15, 1862; discharged for disability Feb. 29, 1863 ; died in Claremont Aug. 22, 1868. Sergeant Newell T. Dutton. Co. E, mustered Aug. 6, 1862; mustered out with his regiment; is a Baptist minister at Houlton, Maine. Nathan Harris. Co. G, mustered Aug. 13, 1862; discharged for disability Aug. 19, 1863; lives at Cornish; pensioner. George W. Kenerson. Co. G, mustered Aug. 13, 1862; transferred to V. R. C. Jan. 15, 1864; mustered out June 30, 1865; lives at Wilmot. Charles H. Murphy. Co. G, mustered Aug. 14, 1862; wounded May 8, 1864; mustered out June 10, 1865; died at Bellows Falls, Vt. 294 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Charles B. Mann. Co. G, mustered Aug. 13, 1862; wounded ICay 31, 1864; transferred to V. R. C. May 1, 1865; mustered out July 1, 1865; lives In Clare- mont; pensioner. Franklin G. Nevers. Co. G, mustered Aug. 13, 1862; captured Aug. 30, 1864; paroled March 2, 1865 ; mustered out June 2, 1865 ; lives at Gilsum. John H. Rugg. Co. G, mustered Aug. 19, 1862; discharged June 26, 1863; enlisted in V. R. C. Feb. 18, 1864; died in Claremont Feb. 20, 1893; pensioner. Lyman N. Sargent. Co. G, mustered Aug. 13, 1862; wounded in right ankle at the battle of Cold Harbor, May 31, 1864; foot amputated above ankle joint same day upon the field; discharged July 1, 1865; lives at Grantham; pensioner. Harvey H. Sargent. Co. G, mustered Aug. 13, 1862 ; transferred to V. R. C. Jan. 16, 1864; mustered out July 13, 1865; lives at Aurora, 111. ; pensioner. Samuel C. Towne. Co. G, mustered Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out June 10, 1865; lives at Richmond ; pensioner. Corporal Lorenzo M. Upham. Co. G, mustered Aug. 13, 1862; wounded in hand by accidental discharge of his own gun Sept. IV, 1862; discharged on account of wound Oct. 30, 1862 ; residence unknown. Sergeant George L. Wakefield. Co. G, mustered Aug. 13, 1862; wounded in right arm and missing Sept. 30, 1864; gained from missing; mustered out June 10, 1865; lives in Manchester; pensioner. TENTH REGIMENT. This was a three years regiment, Michael T. Donohoe, colonel. It was organized at Manchester, and left the state on the twenty- second of September, 1862, and was mustered out of the service at Concord on the twenty-fifth of June, 1865. Alfred W. Burrill. Co. A, mustered Aug. 20, 1862; wounded at the battle of Fort Harrison, Va., Sept. 29, 1864; mustered out with his regiment; lives at Warner; pensioner. -John Herrin. Co. F, mustered Aug. 24, 1864; captured at Fair Oaks Oct. 27, 1864; exchanged March 23, 1865; transferred to Second regiment June 21, 1865; mustered out July 7, 1865; residence unknown. Patrick O'Connell. Co. F, mustered Sept. 1, 1862; transferred to V. R. C. Aug. 20, 1863; discharged for disability; died at Philadelphia Sept. 3, 1864. ELEVENTH REGIMENT. This was a three years regiment, "Walter Harriman, colonel. It was organized at Concord, left the state on the eleventh of HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 295 September, 1862, and was mustered out of the service at Con- cord on the tenth of June, 1865. Claremont had but one man in this regiment, Sergeant George E. Eowell, who died of disease at Baltimore, Md., April 10, 1864. The Twelfth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth regiments were raised bj' congressional districts — the Twelfth in the first district; the Thirteenth in the second, and the Fourteenth in the third, com- prising the counties of Cheshire, Sullivan, Grafton, and Coos. There were no Claremont men in the Twelfth regiment, and but one in the Thirteenth. Henry V. Freeman. Co. E, mustered Sept. 26, 1862; mustered out June 9, 1865; lives in North Ashburnham, Mass.; pensioner. FOURTEENTH REGIMENT. This was the last of the full three years regiments sent to the war from New Hampshire. The men composing seven compa- nies were enlisted from the four western counties — Cheshire county furnished four companies, while Sullivan, Grafton, Coos, Carroll, Merrimack, and Hillsborough, each furnished one com- pany. Robert "Wilson was colonel. The regiment was organized at Concord, left the state the first part of October, 1862, and was mustered out at Concord on the twenty-sixth of July, 1865. John Bowler. Co. I, mustered Sept. 24, 1862; discharged for disability July 9, 1863; residence unknown. Charles S. Bowker. Co. I, mustered Sept. 24. 1862; mustered out with the regiment ; dead in 1892. Fred. L. Barker. Co. I, mustered Sept. 24; mustered out with the regiment; lives at Bellows Falls, Vt. ; pensioner. Joseph A. Dickey. Co. I, mustered Oct. 6, 1862; mustered out with the regiment; residence unknown. Sergeant Charles E. Foster. Co. I, mustered Oct. 6, 1862; transferred to V. R. C. Dec. 27, 1865 ; mustered out June 26, 1865 ; residence unknown. Oliver P. Gillingham. Co. I, mustered Sept. 24, 1862; discharged for disa- bility Feb. 5, 1863 ; died April 22, 1863. 296 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Levi D. Hall, Jr. Co. I, mustered Jan. 14, 1864; mustered out Aug. 14, 1865 ; lives at Cambridge, Mass. Martin V. B. Hurley. Co. I, mustered Sept. 24, 1862; mustered out June 12, 1865; died at Cornish in 1892; pensioner. Patrick Hobau. Co. I, mustered Sept. 24, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865; lives in Claremont ; pensioner. Levi Leet. Co. I, mustered Sept. 24, 1862; discharged for disability June 26, 1863; died July 17, 1863. Mitchell Oliver. Co. I, mustered Dec. 29, 1863 ; wounded in both egs at the battle of Winchester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864; died Nov. 12, 1890; pensioner. Sergeant George H. Stowell, 2d. Co. I, mustered Sept. 24, 1862; slightly wounded in the battle of Winchester, Sept. 19, 1864; died in Claremont Nov. 21, 1888; pensioner. Ill response to the call of the president, in July, 1862, for three hundred thousand nine months troops, the Fifteenth and Six- teenth regiments were organized at Concord, sent to the field,, and mustered out after the expiration of their term of enlistment. John "VV. Kingman was colonel of the Fifteenth, and James Pike of the Sixteenth. The Seventeenth regiment was not fully organ- ized, but the men enlisted for it were transferred to fill the de- pleted ranks of the Second regiment. 'So Claremont men were enlisted for the first two named regiments, and for the last only one. Harrison Fillmore Hawkes. Co. I, mustered Dec. 5, 1862; transferred to Sec- ond regiment; mustered out Oct. 9, 1863; lives in Boston ; pensioner. Under a call issued in July, 1864, for five hundred thousand vol- unteers, six companies were enlisted for the Eighteenth regiment, and sent forward as a battalion, which completed the quota of the state. Under a call for troops in December, 1864, four other companies were enlisted, and Thomas L. Livermore was commis- sioned colonel. The last company of this regiment was mustered out August 8, 1865. NEW HAMPSHIRE CAVALRY. In the autumn of 1861 the governors of the six New England states were authorized to raise a cavalry regiment of twelve com- EDWIN VAUGHAN. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 297 parties — two from each state — to be called the itfew England Cav- alry. All these states except Ehode Island and New Hampshire, raised each a full regiment; and Rhode Island raised eight and New Hampshire four companies, making another regiment. In January, 1864, the four New Hampshire companies were detached, and subsequently three more companies were enlisted, and these, John L. Thompson, colonel, were called the New Hampshire Cav- alry. This organization was discharged at Concord, July 21, 1865. Corporal Henry G. Ayer. Troop K, mustered Oct. 24, 1861 ; mustered out Oct. 24, 1864; lives at Washington, D. C. Charles S. Allen. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861; mustered out with his regiment; lives in Claremont ; pensioner. Ethan A. Ballou. Troop I, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; discharged for disability April 19, 1862; enlisted in V. K. U. Jan. 21, 1865; mustered out Nov. 7, 1865. William H. Briggs. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; w^ounded at the bat- tle of Chantilly, Sept. 1 , 1862 ; discharged on account of injuries received in battle, Jan. 16, 1862 ; lives at Cambridge, Mass. ; pensioner. Francis Clark. Troop L, mustered Jan. 8, 1862 ; transferred to V. R. C. Nov. 15, 1863; died in Claremont. William H. Farvcell. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; discharged for disa- bility Dec. 5, 1862 ; died in Claremont, Oct. 24, 1888. Lewis W. Laducer. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; sent to Lincoln hospi- tal, Washington, D. C, since which time nothing has been known of him. William H. H. Moody. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; discharged by or- der Jan. 18, 1862 ; lives in Claremont. Sergeant Eli C. Marsh. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; transferred to V. R. C. March 4, 1863; died at Nashua, Oct. 7, 1882. Henry H. Niles. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; discharged for disability June 16, 1862; enlisted in V. R. C. Aug. 25, 1864; mustered out Nov. 7, 1865; lives at Cambridge, Mass. Captain John J. Prentiss. Troop L, commissioned captain Dec. 3, 1861 ; dis- missed Dec. 3, 1863 ; died at Chicago in 1890. Captain William P. Prentiss. Troop L, commissioned second lieutenant Dec. 3, 1861; first lieutenant, Aug. 4, 1862; captain, April 21, 1864; resigned Jan. 18, 1865 ; lives in Chicago. Captain Charles E. Patrick. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; promoted to Sergeant; to first lieutenant, April 15, 1864; captain, June 19, 1865; mustered out°as first lieutenant July 15, 1865 ; died Feb. 4, 1875. 20 298 HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. Sergeant Otis G. Robinson. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; discharged for disability Sept. 14, 1862 ; died in Claremont, July 8, 1880. Samuel J. Sawyer. Troop L, mustered Oct. 4, 1862 ; mustered out with his regiment; residence unknown. Corporal George W. Sleeper. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; wounded March 17, 1863 ; mustered out Dec. 27, 1864 ; lives in Vermont. Benjamin W. Still. Troop L, mustered Deo. 27, 1861; severely injured by his horse falling upon him ; discharged in consequence June 4, 1862 ; died at Alstead in 1890. Corporal James M. Southwick. Troop L, mustered Dec. 27, 1861 ; mustered out with his regiment; lives in Claremont. Captain Edwin Yaughan. Troop L, mustered Dec. 13, 1861 ; appointed ser- geant; second lieutenant, Aug. 14, 1862; first lieutenant, Jan 1, 1863; captain, March 31, 1864, and assigned to Trooji A ; discharged June 7, 1865 ; died at Claremont, Dec. 18, 1890 ; pensioner. HEAVY ARTILLERY. In the summer of 1863, under special order of the War Depart- ment, two companies of heavy artillery were raised to garrison the defenses of Portsmouth harbor. In August a full regiment was raised and Charles H. Long was commissioned colonel of it. It served in the defense of Washington, D. C, and was mustered out on the nineteenth of June, 1865. Oscar Booth. Co. A, mustered Nov. 26, 1864; mustered out with regiment; lives in Iowa ; pensioner. Alvaro L. Chaffin. Co. A, mustered Aug. 5, 1864; mustered out wiih reo-i- ment ; lives at county farm ; insane ; pensioner. Gilbert F. Colby. Co. A, mustered Sept. 24, 1864; mustered out Sept. 11, 1865; lives at Hanover ; pensioner. George E. Ford. Co. A, mustered May 26, 1863 ; deserted March 27, 1864. Warren H. Gould. Co. B, mustered Sept. 7, 1863; mustered out with regi- ment ; lives at Manchester. Thomas Hart. Co. H, mustered Sept. 13, 1864 ; discharged for disability May 4, 1865 ; lives in Claremont ; jjensioner. Albert Newcomb. Co. A, mustered Aug. 3, 1864; mustered out Sept 11 1866. William L. Parkhurst. Co. A, mustered July 2, 1863 ; mustered out Sept 11, 1865. HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 299 Corporal Francis RaflFerty. Co. A, mustered Dec. 26, 1863 ; mustered out Sept. 11, 1865 ; lives at Athol, Mass. ; pensioner. Daniel B. Smith. Co. A, mustered May 26, 1863; mustered out Sept. 11, 1865. Harvey D. Stone. Co. A, mustered Sept. 15, 1865 ; mustered out Sept. 11, 1885; lives at Laconia. George H. Waldron. Co. B, mustered Sept. 15, 1863 ; mustered out Sept. 11, 1865; lives at Chester, Vt. ; pensioner. SHARPSHOOTERS . In the summer of 1861 three full companies of sharpshooters were raised in New Hampshire and attached to a regiment known as Berdan's Sharpshooters. Captain William P. Austin. Commissioned first lieutenant of Co. E Aug. 17, 1861 ; captain, Dec. 20, 1861 ; wounded Aug. 30, 1862 ; discharged on account of wounds May 16, 1863 ; captain of Invalid Corps Aug. 13, 1863 ; acting assist- ant quartermaster and ordnance ofHcer, which position he held until March, 1866 ; died at Lewiston, Va., July 9, 1889 ; pensioner. Charles M. Judd. Co. E, mustered Sept. 9, 1861 ; discharged for disability Nov. 1, 1862; enlisted in V. R. C. Sept. 9, 1864; mustered out Nov. 7, 1865; lives in Claremont; pensioner. William H. Nichols. Co. E, mustered Sept. 9, 1861 ; mustered out at the end of his term of enlistment ; died in Claremont, March 15, 1884 ; he received a pension. Ruel G. Osgood. Co. G, mustered Dec. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability April 27, 1862 ; residence unknown. Henry S. Parmalee. Co. E, mustered Sept. 9, 1861 ; discharged for disability Jan. 21, 1862; died in Claremont, June 6, 1882; received pension. Henry A. Redfield. Co. G, mustered Dec. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability Dec. 22, 1862; lives at Dover; pensioner. Chester P. Smith. Co. G, mustered Dec. 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability May 12, 1862 ; died at Togus, Me., Soldiers' Home, April 8, 1884. George W. Straw. Co. E, mustered Sept. 9, 1861 ; taken prisoner May 8, 1864; paroled Dec, 1864; discharged Jan. 25, 1865; lives in Claremont. Corporal Horace W. Whitney. Co. E, mustered Sept. 9. 1861; discharged March 14, 1862 ; lives at Cambridge, Mass. Charles H. Baker, Ebenezer E. Cummings, Anson M. Sperry, and Sylvester E. H. Wakefield enlisted for three months, in April, 1861, declined to enlist for 300 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. three years; were sent to garrison Fort Constitution, Portsmouth harbor; there served out their three months term of enlistment, and were honorably discharged. CLAREMONT MEN SERVING IN OTHER THAN NEW HAMPSHIRE ORGAN- IZATIONS. COMPANY D, NINTH VERMONT VOLUNTEERS. This regiment was a part of the eleven thousand five hundred troops disgracefully, and it was feared treacherously, surrendered by Colonel Miles, an experienced regular army officer, to Stonewall Jackson, at Harper's Ferry, on the fifteenth of September, 1862. George W. Davis. Mustered July 9, 1862; mustered out June 13, 1864; lives at Lebanon ; pensioner. Albert E. Parmelee. Mustered July 9, 1862; taken prisoner Sept. 2, 1862; discharged Oct. 31, 1862 ; lives in Claremont ; pensioner. Sergeant Albert F. Russell. Mustered July 9, 1862; mustered out June 13, 1865 ; died in New York state about 1888. George W. Spaulding. Mustered July 9, 1862; mustered out June 13, 1865: lives at Keene ; pensioner. Leonard M. Stevens. Mustered July 9, 1862 ; mustered out June 13, 1865 ; lives at Little Falls, Minn. Algernon M. Squier. Mustered July 9, 1862; appointed hospital steward; discharged Jan. 25, 1865; assistant surgeon U. S. Army; died of cholera at Fort Lamed, July 29, 1867 . OTHER VERMONT REGIMENTS. Asher S. Burbauk. Co. A, 4th Infantry, mustered July 8, 1863; taken pris- oner June 12, 1864, with about two thousand others; paroled in Feb., 1865; mustered out July 13, 1865 ; lives in Boston. Charles R. Bardwell. Co. B, 16th, mustered Oct. 23, 1862, for nine months ; mustered out Aug. 10, 1863; lives at Pleasanton, Kan. ; pensioner. Henry S. Blanchard. Co. A, 12th, mustered Oct. 4, 1862, for nine months ; mustered out July 14, 1863; died in Claremont, of cancer, Bee. 19, 1867. Wallace Dane. Co. F, 4th, mustered Sept. 26, 1861; discharged for disability Jan., 1863; residence unknown. Lewis Henry Dutton. Co. C, 3d, mustered July 16, 1861 ; wounded in foot at the battle of Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1862 ; discharged on account of wound March 24, 1863 ; lives in Boston; pensioner. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 301 Ethan A.. Gile. Co. A, 12th; mustered in and mustered out Oct. 4, 1862. Captain Calvin A. Laws. Co. B, 12th, mustered Oct. 4, 1862, for nine months; mustered out -with the regiment ; in May, 1864, he raised a company of one hundred days men in Illinois, and was commissioned captain of it, which was mustered out Oct. 17, 1864 ; he died in Florida several years ago. Benjamin L. Header. Co. E, 2d, mustered June 20, 1861 ; mustered out July l.T, 1865; residence unknown. MA.SSACHi;SETTS UEGIMENTS. Oliver A. Bond. Co. A, 4th, mustered Sept. 28, 1862, for nine months; mus- tered out at the end of his term of enlistment; lives at Cambridge, Mass. Samuel W. Chapman. Co. E, Heavy Artillery, mustered Aug. 7, 1864; taken prisoner Oct. 3, 1864 ; paroled in March, 186.5 ; died in Claremont, April .5, 186.5, from the effects of exposure and starvation while a prisoner. Horace W. Cook. Co. F, 24th, mustered Jan., 1864; mustered out at the end of the war; supposed to be dead. Captain Homer (i. Gilmore. Co. F, 10th, enlisted June 21, 1861; first ser- geant; promoted to second lieutenant Nov. 6, 1861 ; first lieutenant, Aug. 9, 1862;. captain, Nov. 26, 1862; brevet major, Feb. 1.3, 1865; wounded at Spottsyl- vania Court House; mustered out July 6, 1864; resides at Springfield, Mass.;. pensioner. Henry W. Mace, ood, nine months regiment ; served his term and again en- listed for a hundred days and did garrison duty ; lives at Fitchburg, Mass. Thomas D. Parrish. Co. F, 26th, mustered Sept. 18, 1861; mustered out Sept.,, 1865 ; residence unknown. Henry Scott. Co. H, 4th, mustered Aug., 1861, for nine months; mustered! out Oct., 1862; died at Lawrence, Mass., in Nov., 1875 ; was a pensioner. Dennis Taylor. .5th, but for what time is not known; died in Claremont, Aug-. 18, 1892. UEGIMENTS KIJOM OTHEK STATES. Captain James E. Ainsworth. Captain in the 13th Iowa regiment; after about a year's service he resigned on account of disability, and returne '^^gmsmmikmmemet^ ^\ ^ixmwmil^SiM o o aa 13 HISTORY OP OLAREMONT. 331 BELMONT HOUSE. In 1872 Joel M. Heywood erected on the east side of Pleasant street a large ttree-story brick block of stores, and the two upper stories were made into a hotel, which he named the Belmont House. It has since then been leased by several different parties, and is now kept by Henry C. Fitch & Son. Since the death of Joel M. Heywood the property has been owned by his son, Edwin B. Heywood. ASCUTNET VIEW HOUSE. In 1891 Ira F. Chandler built at the corner of Main and Union streets, lower village, a three-story block, containing on the ground floor three stores, and a hotel in the second and third stories. The hotel part was leased to Albion R Campbell, who still keeps it. HOTEL CLAEEMONT. A syndicate purchased a portion of the land on which the burned Tremont House buildings stood, for a site for such a hotel as the size of the town and the requirements of the traveling pub- lic seemed to demand. They erected a building with brick walls, three stories high, containing on the ground floor a spacious office, dining room and kitchen, six stores, and postoffice ; the two upper stories were made into large parlors, spacious halls, and suites of sleeping apartments, with all the conveniences of a modern first- class hotel. . The hotel and all the stores are heated by one steam apparatus. The building was completed and all the stores and postoffice were [occupied early in June, 1892, and on the twenty- seventh of that month Fred C. Camp, from Boston, lessee, opened Hotel Claremont for the reception of guests. This building, with site and postoffice, and hotel furnishings complete, cost about nine- ty-five thousand dollars. It is a credit to the town and a comfort and convenience to the traveling public. CHAPTER XXm. LAWYERS AND PHYSICIANS. Of the followiug named lawyers, alphabetically arranged, who have practiced in Claremont, notice is made of each in the bio- graphical chapter : William H. H. Allen. Bnssell Jarvis. Edward D. Baker. John Kimball. James H. Bingham. Thomas Leland. Dudley T. Chase. Milon C. McClure. Burt Chellis. Ralph Metcalf . Ira Colby. Hosea W. Parker. Caleb Ellis. Alpheus F. Snow. Philander C. Freeman. John W. Tappan. Samuel W. Fuller. George Ticknor. Alexander Gardiner. George B. Upham. James M. Gates. Jabez Upham. Hermon Holt. Edwin, Vaughan, Asa Helton. Alonzo B. Williamson. Alphabetically arranged are brief records of other lawyers, with dates, as nearly as practicable, when they were in town : Alfred T. Batchelder, studied law with Ira Colby; was admitted to Sullivan county bar; partner of Mr. Colby from 1875 to 1879, and then removed to Keene, where he has since resided. Frank H. Brown, read law with William H. H. Allen; graduated at Boston University Law School ; was admitted to the bar in Boston ; practiced for a time at Concord ; lives in Claremont, but does not practice. Edmund Burke, was admitted to the New Hampshire bar in 1830 ; in practice at Whitefield; in Claremont in 1833 and 1834; removed to Newport; member of congress three terms, from 1839 to 1845; commissioner of patents from 1845 to 1849, and distinguished as a political writer. He died at Newport, Jan. 25, 1882. o o ca O s UJ Oi < f- C X HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 333 Arthur Chase, was admitted to Sullivan county bar in 1861 ; practiced a few years and then turned his attention to journalism and agriculture. He died Nov. 20, 1888. George Davis, was in practice in Claremont a few months in 1877. Charles Leland, son of Thomas Leland, studied law with his father, and they were in partnership a few years. He died March 28, 1884. Hubbard Newton, was in practice in town in 1841. Charles Parkhurst, studied law with Hosea W. Parker; was admitted to Sul- livan county bar in 1862; practiced here a few years; is now a doctor of di- vinity and editor of Zion's Herald, Boston. John J. Prentiss, was in practice in Claremont at different times from 1845 to 1868 ; was member of the New Hampshire legislature and speaker of the house in 1855; died at Chicago, 111., in 1890. Charles L. Putnam, a native of Chesterfield; was in practice in Claremont from 1830 to 1840; postmaster of Keene four years ; died in Worcester, Mass., about 1887. Frank T. Vaughan, studied law with Ira Colby; was admitted to the New Hampshire bar in 1892 ; in practice a few months and removed to Kansas in 1893. He is a son of the late Edwin Vaughan. Edward W. Wooddell was in practice in Claremont from about 1850 to I860 ; tiled in Unity, Oct. 20, 1889. PHYSICIANS. In the biographical chapter are sketches of the following named physicians : Truman Abell. Albert L. Marden. Arthur N. Allen. Josiah Richards. Cyrus E. Baker. Silas H. Sabine. Alvah R. Cummings. Nathan Smith. Winefred M. Dowlin. William Sumner. Leland J. Graves. Clarence W. Tolles. James P. Holt. Nathaniel Tolles. Leonard Jarvis. Samuel R. Upham. Leonard Jarvis, 2d. Carl A. Volk. Samuel G. Jarvis. Osmon B. Way. William M. Ladd. Fred C. Wilkinson. BRIEF RECORDS. Edward F. Barnes, son of Obed D. Barnes, was in practice in Claremont from 1879 until his death, Aug. 28, 1883. Albert Bartlett, in town from 1835 to 1845 ; lived on Central street. 334 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. George AV. Brooks, son of the late Levi Brooks, in practice here from 188S until his death, about 1886. Enoch F. Colby, in town from 1838 until his death, in 1849 ; lived on Central street. Sherman Cooper, in town from 1859 to 1867 ; now lives in Westfield, N. J. ; native of Croydon. C. C. Ellis, in town from 1877 to 1885; now at Somerville, Mass. Thomas Field, in town in 1790. Bela Fitch, in town from 1810 until his death. March 2, 1813. Andrew J. Flagg, in town a few years succeeding 1868. Mrs. Fletcher, in town about 1876. A. A. Gilbert, in town in 1865. Robert S. Gleason, came to town about 1820; in practice here until his death, Oct. 28, 1868. Timothy S. Gleason, came to town with his brother. Dr. Robert, about 1820,. and was in practice here vintil his death, April 6, 1843. Harvey M. Guild, came to town in 1887 ; died May 8, 1892. Charles Haddock, in town in 1850; died at Beverly, Mass., Oct. 10, 1889. E. J. Hall, here a few months in 1886. James Hall, in town in 1822; died near Baltimore, Md., in 1888. Edward F. Houghton, graduated at Hanover Medical College; not in active practice. M. G. Houghton, in town a few months in 1863. Emery G- Judkins, in town from 1864 to 1862 ; died at Waitslield, Vt. Thomas B. Kittredge, in town from about 1830 to 1848 ; died at Keene, about 1883. Luke Lincoln, in town from 1810 to 1820. F. L. Mcintosh, in town from 1885 to 1889 ; now at Newton, Mass. Abner Meigs, in practice here more than twenty years succeeding 1773 ; lived in the east part of the town. G. M. Morse, in town from 1843 to 1846; removed to Clinton, Mass. T. E. Parker, in town from 1887 to 1890 ; now lives in New Jersey. Joseph Petty, in town from 1791 to 1796. M. B. Richards, in town about 1879. Leonard E. Richardson, in town in 1849 ; removed to Stoddard, and thence to Hartford, Conn. George D. Roberts, here in 1885. Thomas F. Saxton, in town from 1812 to 1822 ; removed to Windsor, Vt., where he died ; lived near Union church. S. T. Shaw, in town in 1876. J. S. Spaulding, in town from 1810 to 1840; removed to New York state, where he died. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 835 C. C. Slocum, in town from 1853 to 1864; went West. William H. Smart, Jr., in town from 1860 to 1863; lives in Boston. •James Steel, in town a few years succeeding 1776. William C. Squier, in town from about 1858 to 1865 ; went West, where he died about 1890. Thomas Sterne, the first physician settled in town; here from 1768, living on Town hill, until his death, Nov. 21, 1816. Linus Stevens, in town a few years succeeding 1814; died in Michigan, in 1851. He was a son of Elihu Stevens. A. F. Sumner, in town in 1889 ; now in practice at Concord. J. H. Thuriault, in town in 1890. E. Torrey, in town from 1810 to 1815. Henry Tucker, in town from 1868 to 1874; removed to Brattleboro, Vt. ; now living at Lakeport. CHAPTER XXIV. PIKES — CASUALTIES — FRESHETS — LIGHTNING — TORNADO — EARTH- QUAKE — MURDERS. Claremont has not suffered from fires to the extent of many other places of similar size. Some of the more notable confla- grations have been the following : What was known as Union Factory, situated on the Island south of the Freeman & O'lSTeil works, principally or wholly owned by the late Nicholas Farwell, was burned November 13, 1841, and has not been rebuilt. In April, 1853, the house of Arnold Farr, in the north part of the town, on the Red "Water brook road, in the absence of Mr. and Mrs. Farr, in the evening, took fire and was burned down. Their three children, aged from seven to fourteen years, perished in the fiames. The Meacham factory, on the site now occupied by the Free- man & O'Neil works, at the time operated by William Earl, was burned in March, 1854. A part of the Eastman tannery buildings, on the north side of Sugar river, were destroyed by fire January 22, 1871, and the balance of them in the same way, October 6, 1890. This property was owned by the widow of Charles IT. Eastman. The Sugar River Paper Mill buildings were damaged by fire in May, 1873, to the amount of about $12,000. In April, 1882, the bleach exploded, forcing out a portion of the west wall of the building, killing Warren Whitney, an employee of the com- pany, and causing a damage of near |20,000. ■■ri o o s u) i- HISTOKY OF CLAREMONT. 337 The house, barn, and other buildings of Harvey Barney, near the brickyard on the road to Unity, about two miles from the village, were burned February 6, 1876. The fire originated from u defective stovepipe. The most distressing fire in this town, because destructive to human lives, was that of the Tremont House, which occurred March 29, 1879. This house was built by the late Josiah Ste- vens, in 1800, and had been occupied as a hotel from 1823. When the fire occurred there were about forty persons in the house, including the proprietors, Messrs. F. H. Gibson and Riley Deming, and their families, servants, boarders, and transient guests. Soon after the last guest, who came by the midnight train, and the clerk, Fred. Marvin, had gone to their rooms, something like an explosion of gas occurred in or near the office, and the halls and stairways were immediately filled with smoke and flames, cutting ofi^ escape by the stairs. Abel McCoy, a boarder, who had just gone to his room on the third floor, gave the alarm and aroused sleepers and others and apprised them of the danger of their situation. The only means of escape for those on the second and third floors was by the windows. Citizens and the fire department soon assembled, but the building was so filled with fire as to make the saving of any part of it, or of any considerable portion of the furniture, almost hopeless, and attention was directed to rescuing the inmates, by ladders and other means at hand. At least four persons perished, viz : Mrs. Gribson, mother of one of the proprietors, Mrs. S. A. Place, a cook, Annie Johnson, chambermaid, and Lydia Merrill, table girl, were known to have been burned. Charles Morgan, a lodger, was missing, but in searching the ruins no remains of him were found, and it is said that he has been seen alive since the fire. Mf-s. Fred. Marvin, wife of the clerk, was seriously injured in escaping from the third fioor, and William Butler, of Brattlebo- rough, Vt., sufi'ered the sprain of his ankle in jumping from a window on the second floor. The fire extended to two large barns, an annex occupied by A. C. Stone & Co. as a stove and 338 HISTOEY OF CLAREMONT. tin shop, and three small buildings at the west of the hotel, one occupied by Lambert D. Patten as a harness shop, one by Henry A. Dickinson as a boot and shoe store, and the other by Airs. Harlow, dressmaker, and all were destroyed. The cause of the fire and the disappearance of Charles Morgan are mysterious. The Tremont House, and all the other buildings, were of wood, and owned by Aurelius Dickinson, who was partially insured. The paper mill of the Claremont Manufacturing Company, and the paper machinery, were destroyed by fire in 1880, and the company did not resume the paper-making business. In December, 1882, the main building of the Freeman & O'Neil wood-worldng establishment, containing valuable machinery, choice woods, and finished and partiall}' finished work, was destroyed by fire. The loss was estimated at nearly twenty-five thousand dollars. Oscar J. Brown's three-story wooden block, at the corner of Sullivan and Pleasant streets, where Union block now stands, which was occupied by the postoffice, express of&ce, and stores on the first fioor, a meat market in the basement, and by offices and halls in the second and third stories, together with a building adjoining, on Pleasant street, containing two stores and a tene- ment occupied by George Judkins, were totally destroyed by fire on the night of March 25, 1887. Most of the contents of the postoffice and express office were saved, while the goods in the stores, and the furniture, libraries, and other property in the offices and halls of the upper stories were nearly a total loss. Most of the occupants had more or less insurance. The whole loss was estimated at the time to be $50,000. On the 30th of March, 1890, a tenement house on North street, occupied by seven families, owned by Gell Lenven, was burned. The Jarvis Paper Mill, at "West Claremont, with a considerable amount of stock and paper, was destroyed by fire May 12, 1890. On the 15th of April, 1892, the house, barns, and other build- ings on what was for many jeavs the town farm, owned by the late Thomas B. Fletcher, were completely destroyed by fire. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 339 On January 80, 1893, the storehouse owned by the Monadnock Mills, near the railroad crossing on Mulberry street, filled with bales of cotton, was discovered to be on fire. The fire was not accessible, and in spite of the best efforts of an efficient fire de- partment, with ample apparatus and an abundance of water, the building was nearly destroyed and the contents damaged to the extent of about $30,000. The cause of the fire has not been satis- factorily accounted for. On May 23, 1894, the sawmill at the north side of Sugar river' owned by the Monadnock Mills, leased to Burt Chellis, with the machinery, was considerably damaged by fire. CASUALTIES. Joel Roys, a Eevolutionary soldier, was burned to death. He was buried at "West Claremont, and his gravestone bears the following inscription : " Here lies buried Mr. Joel Eoys "Who Fell in to a Fier and Burnt to Death Sept. 4, 1782 in the 27th year of his age. O ! Mortahty." Amos, aged twenty-one years, son of Jonathan York, was drowned in Connecticut river, July 26, 1788. Artemas, son of William 'Whiting, eleven years old, fell from a horse and was killed, November 23, 1799. Miles, son of Ephraim Tyler, was killed by being run over by a cart. Near the spot, on the east road to Cornish Flat, about two miles north of Claremont village, a stone was erected, which bears this inscription : " 6 or 7 Feet East of this stone. Miles Tyler, son of Ephraim Tyler, was killed by a cart wheel, August 5th, 1811, in his 13th year." Chester and Elisha, sons of Solomon Putnam, were suffocated by the fumes of charcoal, and found dead in their bed on the morning of January 29, 1814. A kettle of coals was placed in their room to warm it, and caused the death of both. Chester was in the twenty-seventh year of his age, and Elisha was in his nineteenth. 340 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. At a time of high Avater in Sugar river, in 1815, Aaron Wheeler, a brother of the late Moses Wheeler, and a man by the name of Merrill, were carried over the gristmill dam at the lower village, in a small boat, and both were drowned. Bill Andrews Barnes, aged twenty-five years, a son of Bill Barnes, was killed instantly, June 29, 1822, by a tree falling upon him. While the Fourth of July, 1846, was being celebrated, and a salute was being fired on the common, the cannon burst, and a piece of it hit and instantly killed Willard Fales, a young me- chanic who was standing in a crowd of spectators, five or six rods from the gun. The Fourth of July, 1856, was celebrated by a procession, ora- tion, trial of fire engines, and other ceremonies. In attendance was the Mascoma fire engine company, of Lebanon. After the exercises in the town hall, the Mascoma company, preceded by music, went for a march. They crossed the upper bridge and went by way of North street onto the suspension wire bridge, between the Home Mill and the Claremont Manufacturing Com- pany mills, keeping step to the music. The strain was too great, a cable broke, and the bridge with all upon it fell into the river. In the fall, William Grijlfin, of ITorth Hartland, Vt, a fifer, had his back broken, and he was dead when taken out of the river. On the twenty-second of September, 1869, Amos Keyes, owner and occupying the Cottage Hospital farm, fell from his cart, was run over and so much injured that he lived but a few minutes. On the seventh of May, 1871, the Eev. C. E. Sawyer, his young wife, and father-in-law, Sylvanus Cushing — -the latter of Abington, Mass. — were drowned in Connecticut river, at Ashley's Fei-ry. For fuller account, see history of the Universalist church. William D. Pierce, a miller, was killed by being caught in the machinery in Sugar river gristmill, February 19, 1874. Alden J. Bliss, a shoemaker, was drowned in the mill pond of the Sugar river gristmill, April 8, 1874, and his body was HISTORY OF CLARKMONT. 341 found on the twelfth. The verdict of a coroner's jury was to the effect that he probably accidentally fell into the pond the night of the eighth, which was very dark, when on his way home. Charles H. Bacon, while painting the Herbert Bailey knitting mill, fell from a staging, near sixty feet, and was instantly killed. David Ewing was instantly killed in one of the Monadnock mills, January 23, 1877, by being caught by a belt and drawn over a shaft. Ebenezer E. Bailey, while trimming an elm tree in his yard, on Washington street, in the spring of 1860, fell and was instantly killed. William C. Wheeler was found drowned in the Claremont Manufacturing Company mill pond, October 1, 1873. Supposed accidental. The dead body of Philip S. Hunter, a man of middle age, was found in the wheel-pit of George L. Balcom's woolen mill, Octo- ber 15, 1883. It was supposed that he accidentally fell into the flume, and was carried by the strong current into the wheel-pit. The wheel was clogged and stopped, which led to the discovery of the accident. Daniel Canty was fatally scalded by accidentally falling into a bleach vat in the Coy paper mill, at West Claremont, June 25, 1881, and died the next day. Matthew Caffrey fell down stairs, broke his skull, and died in a short time after, November 20, 1886. FRESHETS. In consequence of very heavy rains on the fifth and sixth of August, 1866, the water in Sugar river reached a height seldom known before. The meadows east of the village were completely Hooded, and late crops nearly ruined. Bridges were swept from their foundations, and small buildings, piles of wood and lumber, as well as other property within reach of the high water, were carried down stream. The Monadnock Mills Company was the 342 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. greatest sufferer. Three or four small buildings owned by this company, on the north side of the river, used for various me- chanical purposes, were carried away. A three-story building on the same side of the river, also owned by this company, occupied by Joseph G. Briggs for a cabinet-furniture manufactory, and by other parties for different mechanical uses, was swept from its foundation and badly broken up. Basements of the mills were filled with water, and their contents damaged. The loss to the company was estimated at the time to be eight to ten thousand dollars. The Claremont Manufacturing Company's paper mill, printing office, and bookbindery were flooded. The suspension wire bridge, owned by this company and the proprietors of the Home Mill, was carried away. Two or three bridges on Bed Water brook were washed away, and roads all over town were gullied by the rains, and in many places made impassable for teams. The last part of February, 1866, a thaw melted the heavy body of snow, and raised the water in the streams to an unusual height. Connecticut river was very high, and caused considerable damage along its course. On the twenty-fifth the toll-bridge at Windsor, A^t., was carried away, and as it passed down stream it took the Sullivan railroad bridge along with it, and the two hit the Clare- mont toll-bridge and carried away a portion of that structure. The railroad bridge was soon replaced, but it took some months to repair the toll-bridges, and public travel was accommodated by ferryboats. The ice dammed up at the mouth of Sugar river, and set the water back onto the Cupola and John S. Lovell farms to considerable depth. Fred. W. Dunsmore, on the Cu- pola farm, lost one hundred and sixty-four valuable sheep, and Mr. Lovell had two cows and two steers drowned in his barn. In many places highways were badly washed, as was the bed of Sullivan railroad. On the twenty-eighth of August, 1891, the reservoir of the Bible hill aqueduct, owned by John Tyler, in consequence of heavy rains, broke away, the water rushed down a ravine, doino- HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 343 some damage to fields, and carrying off a small bridge at Draper Corner. LIGHTNING. On the eighth of July, 1805, Zara and Orlando, sons of Zara Thomas, were killed by lightning. Zara was about eighteen years old, and Orlando about seven. On the fourteenth of April, 1890, Mrs. Drury's house, on East street, was struck by lightning and badly damaged. Mrs. Baker, a sister of Mrs. Drury, received a severe shock. On the same day the barns of Oliver A. Bond and Lemuel Dole, north of the village, were struck and slightly damaged. In the same shower the barn of George Davis, in the north part of the town, on the river road to Windsor, was struck and considerably dam- aged. Mr. Davis and six horses were in the barn, and all were killed. On the twenty-fifth of June, of the same year, the house of Leonard N. Kempton, on Pleasant street, was struck, and suf- fered some damage. TOENADO. On the first of July, 1831, two large barns and sheds of Joel Goss, on the farm about two miles south of the village, now owned by George P. Rossiter, were demolished by a tornado. The timbers and boards were hurled in every direction, some of them to a considerable distance. EAKTHQUAKE. About twelve o'clock on the night of July 20, 1871, an earth- quake shook houses in Claremont village and vicinity, and fright- ened the people. MURDERS. The dead body of George Ducharm, a Canadian blacksmith, in the employ of the Sullivan Machine Company, was found in a well near the company's furnace, September 10, 1865. Marks 344 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. upon the body plainly indicated that the victim was killed before the body was put into the well. Ducharm was seen alive about nine o'clock on the night before his body was found. The party guilty of the murder has never been discovered. George "Wooddell, a quiet and inoffensive citizen, was murdered by his nephew, James Kenney, January 18, 1869. Mr. Wood- dell lived with his wife and infant child on a back road in an out of the way place in the west part of the town, near Connecticut river, and Kenney made his home with them. Early in the evening, without warning, Kenney rushed into the house with a kind of Indian war-whooi3, and attacked his uncle with a sharp ax, killing him in a barbarous manner, and then attacked Mrs. Wooddell, who bad the infant in her arms, but both escaped alive, although she was considerably gashed. On investigation it was found that Kenney was violently insane at the time, though he had previously manifested no marked indications of insanity. He has since been confined in the insane Avard of the ISTew Hampshire state prison, growing more and more demented year by year. CHAPTER XXV. POSTAL SERVICE — BANKS — EAILKOADS. According to its records, published in the Collectioms of the New Hampshire Historical Society, the Committee of Safety, on the third of December, 1779, voted as follows : Agreeable to a vote of the G. Assembly of the 18th of Novemb'r last, au- thorizing the Committee of Safety to Establish a post to ride weekly from the post office in Portsmouth to the western part of this State, Resolved that agreeable to the proposal of Peter Eobinson, He be & hereby is appointed Post Eider for the term of Six months, to ride weekly from the post office in Portsmouth ; to Set out from thence on Saturday morning & ride to Peter- borough in this State, and Send a man from that place weekly to Charles- town, No four, and to Carry and Return all public letters & Despatches free of Charge, for which Service he shall receive from this State the Sum of Three Hundred pounds Lawful money. The same committee, on July 27, 1781, " Appointed Mr. John Baleh a Post-rider for the term of three months, and agreed with said Balch to set out from Portsmouth on Saturday morning and to ride to Haverhill, by way of Conway, Plymouth, thence down the Eiver to Charlestown, Keene, & to Portsmouth again, every four- teen days during said term. For which Service he shall receive the sum of seventy hard Dollars, or paper money Equivalent." The Federal constitution, adopted in 1779, gave the exclaeive power to establish post-offices and post-roads to congress. Im 1790 there was a post-rider fromWalpole through Charlestown, Claremontj JSl'ewport, Unity, and some of the other towns in the vicinity- As there were no post-offices in these towns at that time, letters and other postal matter were delivered by the post-rider or left by him at con- 23 346 HISTOEY OF CLAREMONT. venient places on his route. The first post-office established in Claremont was January 1, 1802, and Josiah Stevens was appointed postmaster. In 1790 there were seventy-five post-offices in the United States. The rates of postage were, on a single letter, composed of one piece of paper, for any cents. Distance not exceeding 30 miles .... 6 " above 30 and not exceeding 80 miles 10 80 " " " 150 " 12^ " 160 " " " 400 " ■ ISK " 400 miles 25 A letter composed of two pieces of paper was charged with double these rates ; of three pieces, with triple ; and four pieces, with quadruple. POST-OFFICES AND POSTMASTERS IN CLAREMONT. A post-office was established in the village in January, 1802. In June, 1828, an office was established under the name of Sumner- ville. The name was changed to West Claremont in August of the same year. In April, 1891, an office was established at Claremont Junction. Following are the names of the postmasters and the dates of their appointment : Postmasters. Josiah Stevens .rohn Tappan Jonathan Nye Holden R. Nye . Albro Blodgett . Ambrose Cossit . John J. Prentiss Alonzo B. Williamson Edwin Ainsworth William M. Ladd Charles O. Eastman Edgar L. Hapgood John M. Whipple George W. Paul . Henry C. Sanders Date of Appointment. January 1, 1802. April 11, 1813. September 25, 1829. February 24, 1841. July 15, 1841. August 30, 1842. April 17, 1843. May 16, 1845. April 9, 1849. May 5, 1863. June 17, 1861. June 11, 1870. February 10, 1875. February 22, 1887. February 12, 1891. < < < -J o JOHN L. FARWELL. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 347 SUMNERVILLE. Ezekiel Carey June 17, 1828. WEST CLAREMONT. Ezekiel Carey August 7, 1828. John H. Sumner .... October 9, 1829. John Tyler July 30. 1841. Leonard Gilmore . ... January 15, 1847. Wyllys Eedfleld . . ... July 23, 1861. Henry A. Kedfield . . July 23, 1868. Horace G. P. Cross Januai-y 18, 1870. Nancy J. Pierce ... December 20, 1887. Clifton E. Densmore October 29, 1894. CLAREMONT JUNCTION. Stephen Noonan . . . April 28, 1891. Frank Shelden . . . . April 1, 1894. EAUKS. THE CLAREMONT BANK, Capital sixty thousand dollars, was in operation in 1826. George B. Upham was president during its existence ; James H. Bingham, cashier; directors, George B. Upham, John Tappan, Samuel Fiske, Leonard Jarvis, David Dexter, Phinehas Handerson, and Godfrey Stevens. In 1842 Erastus Glidden was elected cashier. Its busi- ness was wound up between 1844 and 1846. At this time the offi- cers were : George B. Upham, president ; Erastus Glidden, cash- ier; directors, George B. Upham, George N. Farwell, Ambrose Cossit, William H. Farwell, John W. Tappan, Nicholas Farwell, and Samuel Glidden. In 1848 a new bank, under the same name as the old one, with a capital of sixty thousand dollars, was chartered and organized, with Ambrose Cossit, president; Uriel Dean, cashier; directors, Nicholas Farwell, Ambrose Cossit, Isaac F. Wetherbe, of Charles- town, William Bossiter, George N. Farwell, Woster Jones, Thomas Sanford. In April, 1851, Mr. Dean resigned and George N. Far- well was elected cashier in his place, and in March, 1853, his son, John L. Farwell, was elected assistant cashier. In March, 1856, Mr. Farwell resigned and John L. Farwell was elected cashier. 348 HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. On November 22, 1864, the organization was changed to the Claremont National Bank, under the laws of the United States. George N. Farwell, president ; John L. Farwell, cashier; directors, George N". Farwell, Thomas Sanford, Nathaniel ToUes, Aurelius Dickinson, Lewis Perry, Jotham G. AUds, Charles H. Eastman. Present capital, one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. In Octo- ber, 1881, provision was made for a vice-president, and John L. Farwell was elected to that position, and his son, George N. Far- well, 2d, was elected cashier. George N. Farwell, senior, died February 24, 1887, and on March 15 his son, John L. Farwell, was elected president. The officers for 1893 were : John L. Farwell, president; George N. Farwell, cashier; Chester Pike, of Cornish, John L. Farwell, Francis Locke, George N. Farwell, Stephen F. Eossiter, J. Duncan Upham, directors. THE people's national BANK. This bank was organized and commenced business September 1, 1892, with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars. F. P. Majmard, president; George H. Stowell, vice-president; George A. Tenney, cashier ; directors, F. P. Maynard, George H. Stowell, H. W. Parker, W. H. H. Allen, 0. B. Way, I. D. Hall, E. J. Tenney, P. A. Johnson, and C. A. Forbush. This bank is located in Union block. SULLrVAN SAVINGS INSTITDTION "Was chartered by the New Hampshire legislature in 1838, organ- ized in 1847, and commenced business in 1848. President, Am- brose Cossit ; treasurer, George N. Farwell. After the institution was organized and well started in business, Mr. Farwell resigned and Samuel C. Bailey was elected treasurer in his place. January 7, 1852, Mr. Cossit resigned the presidency, and Timothy Eastman was elected president, and George N. Farwell again chosen treas- urer. On January 2, 1856, John L. Farwell was elected treasurer. In January, 1859, Albro Blodgett was elected president, in place of Timothy Eastman, deceased. In January, 1861, Mr. Blodgett resigned and was succeeded by Jonas Livingston. Mr. Livingston HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 349 having removed from town, Mr. Blodgett was re-elected president, which position he held until his death, and was succeeded by Daniel "W. Johnson, in January, 1870, who held the office until January, 1893, when he resigned, and John L. Farwell was elected presi- dent. In February, 1874, John L. Farwell resigned the treasurer- ship, and Albert Eossiter was elected in his place, which he held until December, 1882, when he resigned, and John L. Far- well was again elected. At the annual meeting in January, 1893, the deposits were $1,732,812.75; guaranty fund, $85,000; surplus, $21,492.82. The Claremont Bank and Sullivan Savings Institution were located on Broad street, in the building now the residence of Geo. L. Balcom, until 1855, except that while Samuel C. Bailey was treasurer the Sullivan Savings Institution was in Bailey's block, now the Fiske Free Library building. In 1855 these two banks were removed to the north end of George N. Farwell's block. In 1876 the two cor- porations united in erecting the bank building, at the south of Mr. Farwell's block, and when it was completed removed to it. RAILROADS. SOTXIVAN COUNTY EAILROAD. This railroad runs from Bellows Falls, Vt., through Charlestown, Claremont, and Cornish, IJJ'. H., to Windsor, Vt., a distance of twenty-six miles. It was chartered by the New Hampshire legisla- ture July 10, 1846, and opened for business February 5, 1849. It connects at Bellows Falls with the Cheshire railroad for Boston, via Keene and Fitchburg ; the Valley railroad for New York, via Springfield and Hartford; the Rutland for Montreal and the West ; at Claremont Junction with the Concord and Claremont rail- road for Concord and Boston, and at Windsor with the Central Vermont railroad for St. Albans, Montreal, and the West. The cost of this road was represented by five hundred thousand dollars in stock and eight hundred and fifty-four thousand seven hundred and ninety-six dollars and ninety-three cents in debts secured by 350 HISTOKY OF CLARBMONT. mortgage bonds. After having been in oj)eration two years it was surrendered to trustees for the benefit of creditors, and in 1863 was leased to the Central Yermont. In 1866, the corporation being hopelessly bankrupt, the property was sold for five hundred thou- sand dollars to the bondholders, who formed a new corporation, changing the name from Sullivan railroad to Sullivan County rail- road, and the road was re-leased for two years to the Central Ver- mont for twenty-five thousand dollars per year. Of the stock of this corporation the JSTorthern railroad was the principal owner. In 1880 the Vermont Valley corporation purchased the stock, and it became a part of the Connecticut river system. In 1893 this road was leased to the Boston and Maine railroad. CONCORD AND CLAREMONT RAILROAD. This road extends from Claremont Junction, where it connects with the Sullivan County railroad, through Newport and Bradford to Concord, fifty-six miles, where it connects wdth the Concord rail- road for Boston, and with the JSTorthern and Boston, Concord and Montreal railroads. At Contoocook it connects with the Monad- nock, Peterborough and Hillsborough railroad for Winchendon, Mass., via Hillsborough and Peterborough. This road was built from Concord to Bradford, twenty-seven miles, in 1850. In 1871 and 1872 it was built from Bradford to Claremont Junction, twen- ty-nine miles, and opened for business over the entire line, in Octo- ber, 1872. That part of this road from Bradford to Claremont was built vinder the name of the Sugar River railroad, aided by gratuities from towns on its lines. Claremont contributed one hundred thousand dollars. In 1873 the Sugar River was consoli- dated with what was called the Merrimack and Connecticut Rivers railroad, under the name of the Concord and Claremont railroad. WINDSOR AND FOREST LINE RAILROAD. At the session of the New Hampshire legislature, in 1870, a charter was granted for a railroad from Windsor, Vt, to Creen- field, N. H., there to connect with the Nashua and Wilton railroad. o Q CO 3: g S Q o < < > HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 351 Soon a company was organized by the grantees, and a route has been surveyed through Cornish, Claremont, Uuity, Acworth, Lempster, Washington, Marlow, Stoddard, and Hancock, to Greenfield, and pronounced feasible. The distance from Claremont to Boston over this route is from twenty-six to thirty miles shorter than by way of Concord, or Keene and Fitchburg, an advantage which may secure the building of this road in the future. CLAEEMONT AND WHITE EIVER JDNCTION RAILKOAD. In 1872 the JSTew Hampshire legislature granted a charter for a railroad from Claremont to White River Junction ; the grantees organized a company, and a route was surveyed from Claremont village through Cornish, Plainfield, and Lebanon to White River Junction, Yt. It was found that a road could be built over the route surveyed at very moderate cost, and it has been thought that the many advantages to be gained by it would ensure its con- struction. BLACK KIVEK EAILEOAD. Charters for a railroad from Cavendish, Vt, through Springfield village to Claremont Junction, there to connect with the Concord and Claremont and Sullivan County railroads, have been granted by the Vermont and JSTew Hampshire legislatures ; a company has been organized, surveys and estimates of the expense of building the road made. CHAPTEE XXVI. TOWN HALL — COTTAGE HOSPITAL — HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES. TOWN-HALL. This is truly an historic building. In 1783 Ichabod Hitchcock, the only master carpenter in town for several years, hewed the timber, which was packed up for nearly two years ; then it was framed, raised, boarded, and rough floors laid, under the supervis- ion of Mr. Hitchcock, in which condition it was used for the Con- gregational meeting-house, for a time. It stood on the highway leading from the village to Claremont Junction, near W. H. H. Moody's horse training park. The building was taken down, its timbers and boards removed to the village, and in 1790 put to- gether again in its present location, by Mr. Hitchcock. The inside was subsequently finished with large square pews and hinged seats and a high pulpit, which was reached by a flight of narrow stairs, with a sounding-board over it, according t o the general fash- ion of that period. In 1808 the steeple, or tower, and the octa- gon portion on the south side, were added. A bell was placed in the tower in 1810, and in December, 1827, a clock, made by Thomas Woolson, an ingenious mechanic of the town, was put in the tower, and has remained there, marking the hours and minutes into which the day is divided, with commendable accuracy, to the present time. Upon the top of the steeple was a gilded wooden ball, ten or twelve inches in diameter. On this ball Linus Stevens, a carpien- ter's apprentice, sixteen years old, mounted and stood upon his head, with his feet in the air. At the age of seventy-sis years SI., o z O HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 353 he was present at the rededication of the town hall, in January, 1868. The land on which this building stands, and the park south of it, was given to the town by Josiah Stevens, father of Deacon Josiah, Alvah, Godfrey, and Col. Paran Stevens. This building was occupied by the Congregational society as a place of religious worship, and for town-meetings, until 1835, when that society had completed its new meeting-house on Pleasant street. Since that time it has been used only as a town-hall. From 1835 for thirty-two years, but little was done to improve the inside of the building, except to replace the square pews with rude board settees and the high pulpit with a small platform or stage ; and nothing to the outside more than to keep it covered and give it a coat of paint occasionally. In April, 1867, pursuant to a vote of the town, passed at the annual meeting in the preced- ing March, under the direction of the board of selectmen, consist- ing of Francis Locke, Arnold Briggs, and Henry C. Cowles, and with Benj. P. Gilman as architect and superintendent of the work, the building was completely remodeled and repaired, inside and out, at an expense of something more than ten thousand dollars, making it a very handsome and commodious town hall, of suffi- cient capacity for the needs of the town at that time, though the population had quite outgrown it in 1894. Early in January, 1868, the work having been completed, a meeting of citizens was held and a committee to arrange for ap- propriate exercises for the rededication of the building was chosen. On the evening of January 15 the hall was packed with citizens of Claremont and vicinity interested in the event. Otis F. R. "Waite, chairman of the committee of arrangements, in a short address, welcomed the people to their reconstructed and elegantly finished and furnished town hall. Amongst other things, he said, "We have suffered so long and so much from the inconveniences and discomforts of the old building as to make the changes and repairs made upon it in the last few months stand out like ' a good deed in a naughty world.'" He then announced the following as the 354 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. officers for the occasion : President, Charles H. Eastmun ; vice- presidents, Samuel P. Piske, Charles M. Bingham, Geo. IST. Far- well, Daniel W. Barney, Hosea P. Shedd, Samuel G. Jarvis, Wil- liam Ellis, Winthrop Sargeant, David Dodge, Charles F. Long, Francis "Whitcomb, Alonzo Thomas, Freeman S. Chellis, Euel Bowman, Benj. P. Walker, Samuel H. Andrews, Amos Hitchcock, Lyman Barnes, Horace Dean, Nathaniel Tolles, Edward L. God- dard, Arnold Briggs, Fred. A. Henry, and Solon C. Grannis ; sec- retaries, Otis F. R. Waite and Arthur Chase. The president being introduced delivered an appropriate address, commending the improvements upon the building and the skill and faithfulness of those engaged in making them. Prayer was oftered by the Rev. E. W. Clark, pastor of the Congregational church, followed by the performance by a select choir and orches- tra under the leadership of A. P. Wyman, of the anthem " Mighty Jehovah." John S. Walker was introduced as the princij)al speaker of the evening, and made a very interesting address, giving a history of the town-hall building, its various locations and changes since 1783, followed with short speeches by Samuel G. Jarvis, Ezra J. Glidden, of Unity, and some others, and the adoption of resolu- tions of thanks to the superintendent and artisans, who had acted well their respective parts in the execution of the work upon the building being dedicated. These exercises were followed by a genaral ball, in which about eighty couples of old, middle aged, and young participated. The ladies appeared in elegant and tasteful toilets, and the gentlemen in becoming evening dress. The music was furnished by a fine orches- tra, and it was a gay and brilliant affair, successful in all its parts, and will be long remembered by those who took active part in, or witnessed it. Since 1868 no material changes have been made in the external or internal appearance of this building. It is a landmark, beloved for its age, venerable architecture, and many pleasant associations with former and present generations, but for which it would prob- HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 365 ably long since have been replaced by a more commodious and modern structure. COTTAGE HOSPITAL. In 1866, the Ladies' Union Aid Society, composed of women be- longing to the several religious societies in town, and others, was organized. The object of this organization was to extend help to the feeble and poor, according to their needs. In 1892 the Clare- mont Building Association donated, to this society a small building which had been used for apost-oflSce; it was moved to a vacant spot a few rods east of the town-hall and fitted up for meetings and storage for donations of clothing, etc. In December, 1891, this society voted to take up hospital work, and in February, 1892, thirteen members signed articles of agree- ment and organized as a voluntary corporation, the object being " the establishment and maintenance of a hospital ; the care of the aged and children ; caring for the poor ; educating the young, and lending a helping hand to all." In March, 1892, a committee to select a site for a hospital was chosen, consisting of Drs. C. "W. Tolles and 0. B. Way, H. W. Parker, Mrs. H. C. Fitch, Mrs. C. U. Dunning, Mrs. S. IST. Bennett, Mrs. Samuel Baum, and Misses Fan- nie B. Jones and C. Isabelle Dutton. This committee settled upon a part of what was for many years the Keyes farm, about a mile north of the town hall, between Hanover and Elm streets, owned by E. B. Lull, with a cottage house, stables, and sheds thereon, which could be bought for thirty-five hundred dollars. Means were taken to raise this amount by subscriptions, which was accomplished early in November, in sums varying in amount from twenty-five cents to two hundred and forty dollars. Ten gentlemen subscribed one hundred dollars each. Other sums were obtained by a picnic upon the hospital grounds and in other ways. At the annual town meeting in March, 1893, by virtue of an enabling act of the New Hampshire legislature, it was voted to exempt from taxation the real estate owned by this society, so long as it shall be used for hospital purposes. This society has a relief fund, which has been kept distinct 356 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. from the hospital fund. The officers for 1893 were Mrs. Edwin Vaughan, president ; Mrs. H. A. Dickinson and Mrs. H. C. Fitch, vice-presidents; Mrs. Samuel Baum, secretary; Miss C. Isabelle Dutton, treasurer; Mrs. Herbert Bailey and nineteen other ladies, executive committee; advisory board of gentlemen, John L. Farwell, George L. Balcom, O. B. Way, John T. Em- erson, and P. P. Coburn ; auditor, Burt Chellis. Repairs and alterations on the house, adapting it for a hospi- tal for the sick, capable of accommodating ten or twelve pa- tients, having been completed, it was dedicated with appropriate exercises and named the Cottage Hospital, on July 13, 1893, soon after which it was opened for the reception of patients. The Episcopal, Congregational, Baptist, Methodist, Universalist, and Catholic churches, each donated a hospital bed, while citi- zens and others interested gave liberally of money, furniture, provisions, etc. HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES. The first road through Claremont was a horse road or bridle- path from Lebanon to Charlestown, laid out in 1762, by marked trees and other signs to guide the traveler through the wilder- ness. Lebanon was the first town on Connecticut river above Charlestown to be settled. The settlers had to go to Charles- town to get their grain ground, until a mill was built nearer to them. Hence the necessity for this horse road. At an adjournment of the first town meeting held in Clare- mont, on the twenty-ninth day of March, 1768, Benjamin Brooks and Benjamin Sumner were chosen a committee to lay out a road to ISTewport. At the annual town meeting in 1772, it was '' Voted to raise thirty-five Pounds Lawful Money toward the amendment of the Highways." At the annual town meeting in 1780, it was "Voted that each man shall work two days on highways and bridges." »miu Smm\ ; — K-v. \ \ \ . , , \ a a CQ < > O HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 357 ASHLEY FERRY. In 1784, Oliver Ashley was granted a charter for a ferry across Connecticut river, from the south part of Claremont to "Weathersfield Bow, Vt., and a ferry has been maintained there since then. LOTTERY BRIDGE. In 1785 there was necessity for a bridge over Sugar river, on the road up and down Connecticut river, and the following were the means taken to obtain it: To the Hon'ble the Gen'l Court of the State of New Hampshire Humbly Sheweth — That Your Petitioners Who Were appointed a Committee by a Number of the Inhabitants of the town of Claremont, assembled on the first day of November 1783 for the Purpose of Laying a plan for building a bridge Over Sugar River, to Accomadate the Main Country Koad; Subscriptions Were Open'd in the Town aforesaid And the Generous Donations Came in to the Am't of Sixty Pounds Chiefly by Yr Petitioners (Except a few Indi- viduals on the Great road who Expected to be Accomadated by Said Bridge) Which Money Was Carefully Laid Out by yr Petitioners in procuring timber Which is Now on the Spot. And in the Meantime When Said Work Was Carried on Subscription papers Were forwarded to the Principal Gent'm in Each Town From Walpole to Haverhill, begging their assistance in So Pub- lic & Important A Matter. We had Many kind Ans'rs from these Gent'm We Addressed, And Wrote to, but When a return of the Subscriptions Were Come in found the Whole Am't to be but about one pound ten Shill's — That your Petitioners have Since in Public Town Meeting in said Clare- mont Urged the Assistance of the town but to No purpose; therefore y'r Petitioners beg leave to Represent that there is Sixty pounds Worth of tim- ber on the Spot, and the Cost of Building Said bridge Will be According to the Judgm't of the best Artificers two Hundred pounds— therefore y'r Pe- titioners beg y'r Hon'rs to Grant a Lottery that Shall Neat free of the Need- full Expense two Hundred pounds, to be appropriated to the use afores'd And Appoint Such Directors as y'r Wisdom Shall think fitt And y'r Petition- ers as in duty bound Will pray — Fran's Beatty San'd Kingsbury John Spencer John Cook Elihu Stevens T. Sterne Josiah Rich Asa Jones 358 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. The foregoing is a verbatim copy of a petition found in Vol. XI, page 379, Town Papers of New Hampshire, and the editor adds what is inclosed in brackets : [An act was passed June 23, 1785, authorizing them to set up a lottery, and thereby raise three hundred pounds for the aforesaid purpose. Samuel Ashley, Jr., Sanford Kingsbury, and Francis Beatty were appointed managers. — Ed.] At the annual meeting in 1786, the town " Voted to raise 100£ to be laid out on Highways," and " to give three shillings per day for a man & eighteen pence per day for a yoke of oxen and six pence per day for cart and six pence per day for a plow." TURNPIKE. At a special town meeting, November 18, 1799, voted " To encourage a Turnpike through Claremont, Unity, and Amherst." According to Farmer & Moore's New Hampshire Gazetteer published in 1823, the Second New Hampshire Turnpike was incorporated by the legislature December 26, 1799, "from Clare- mont, Unity, Lempster, Washingtoii, corner of Windsor, Hills- borough and Antrim, Deering, Francistown, corner of Lynde- borough and New Boston, Mont Vernon, Amherst — distance 50 miles — cost $80,000." Fifty-three turnpikes were chartered by the legislature prior to 1828. The Second New Hampshire Turnpike, with toll-gates, was continued until near 1840. In 1838 the legislature passed an act authorizing the selectmen and the courts to take the franchise and other rights of corpo- rations for public highways, in the same manner as they took the land of individuals, soon after which this turnpike was dis- continued, a free highway having been laid over it. On October 5, 1804, the town "Voted to build a Bridge over Sugar river by Col. Tyler's Mills the next summer." The building of this bridge was bid off at vendue, Josiah Rich be- ing the lowest bidder, for six hundred dollars. At the annual town meeting in 1824, it was " Voted that the selectmen be authorized to lay out a Road from the Turnpike UPPER DAM, AND GREEN MOUNTAIN. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 359 west of Bill Barnes's & build a Bridge across Sugar River, near E. & A. Tyler's Mills; provided the expense to the town shall not exceed Three Hundred Dollars." The Messrs. Tyler were interested in this project and agreed to bear a portion of the expense of building the bridge. In 1825 the town " Voted that the selectmen be authorized to lay out a road from Jesse Campbell's up redwater brook by Albin Andrews's saw mill to Cornish line, if they shall think it expedient." In May, 1829, it was "Voted that the town will build a bridge across Sugar River, near Doct. Leonard Jarvis's Factory," and raised eight hundred dollars for that purpose. At a town meeting, April 16, 1831, it was "Voted that Isaac Hubbard, Ambrose Cossit and Bartlett Clement be a commit- tee to make contracts in behalf of the town of Claremont for making those portions of the road laid out by the Court's Com- mittee in August last, commencing on the Turnpike near Mr. Josiah Rich's and ending at the Common ; and commencing at the road near Mr. Albro Blodgett's and ending at Newport line ; and that said Committee be authorized and requested, in behalf of the town of Claremont, to proceed immediately to make contracts by auction or otherwise, for the making of such part of said road as they may deem expedient, in such divisions or sections as they shall think proper; and that the selectmen be instructed to pay or make legal tender to the owners of land through which said road passes, the several sums assessed them as damages." The town also voted to raise the sum of one thousand dollars to be applied toward the expense of making this road. In 1837 a corporation built a bridge over Connecticut river, between Claremont and Weathersfield, Vt., and it was opened to public travel as a toll-bridge in December of that year. It took the place of a ferry. 360 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. In the last few years three iron bridges over Sugar river — two in the village and Lottery bridge — have taken the place of wooden structures. In the summer of 1890, Pleasant street, from Tremont square to the Concord and Claremont railroad station, was macadamized — thus converting a very muddy street in wet, and dusty one in dry seasons, into an excellent drive-way at all times, — at an expense of about ten thousand dollars. CHAPTER XXVII. DEATH OF PRESIDENTS HARKISON, LINCOLN, AND GRANT. William Henry Harrison was inaugurated president of the United States, March i, 1841, and died of pleurisy fever on the fourth of April following — just one month after his induction into the highest office in the gift of the American people. On the thirteenth of that month, John Tyler, who had succeeded to the presidency, issued a proclamation recommending that Friday, the fourteenth of May, be observed by the people through- out the country as a day of fasting and prayer on account of the death of President Harrison. In response to this proclama- tion, the people of Claremont met and took steps for suitable exercises on the day named. The following officers were chosen : Committee of arrangements, John H. Warland, Thomas J. Harris, Uriel Dean, A. Watkins, Joseph Weber, J. S. Spauldiug, Wil- liam Rossiter, Edward L. Goddard, B. D. Howe, Charles Jones, Theron Metcalf, James P. Brewer, and H. E. !N"ye ; marshal, Silas L. Bingham; aids, Joseph Weber, Philemon Tolles, Ed- ward L. Goddard, and James P. Brewer. In the "Eagle" of May 21 appeared a full account of the ex- ercises, from which the following is extracted : " At ten o'clock in the forenoon the citizens of all classes and denominations, ladies, teachers and pupils of the different schools, assembled near the Baptist meeting-house, and formed in procession under the direc- tion of the marshal, escorted by the Fusilier and Rifle companies, in uniform, under the command of Captains Watkins and Goss, proceeded through the different streets, and marched to the sol- emn music of the Claremont band to the town house. The pro- 362 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. cession was very large, and completely filled the spacious house. The exercises were very interesting and impressive. President Tyler's proclamation was read by the Hev. Mr. Nichols. Then followed an anthem by the Sacred Music Society; reading of Scriptures by Rev. Mr. Graves ; prayer by Rev. R. E. Lawrence ; funeral address by Prof E. D. Sanborn, of Dartmouth College ; singing by the Sacred Music Society; and benediction by Pro- fessor Sanborn. At about one o'clock the procession was re- formed and marched to the Baptist meeting-house where a dox- ology was sung to the tune of Old Hundred by the congregation. The town house was hung with crape, and the national flags were decorated with the habiliments of grief. Every part of the performance was done with great propriety and in order." DEATH OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN. On Eriday evening, the fourteenth of April, while President Abraham Lincoln was witnessing the play of " Our American Cousin," at Ford's Theater, Washington, D. C, with his wife and two friends, John "Wilkes Booth, a play-actor, worked his way to the box where they were seated, and coming up behind the presi- dent, shot him in the head with a revolver, the ball entering the brain, and he died on Saturday morning, the fifteenth, at about half-past seven o'clock. 'Sever before was the nation plunged in such deep and universal grief. Strong men met on the streets and wept in speechless anguish. The announcement of this great calamity in Claremont was followed by the tollino- of bells on the several churches, and other demonstrations of real heartfelt sorrow by the people. On Sunday the churches were decorated with emblems of mourning, and the clergymen in their prayers and sermons made touching allusion to the bereavement that had so suddenly befallen the country, at a time when the people were rejoicing at the termination of the four years' war of the Rebellion, and the hoped for peace throughout the land. On "Wednesday, the nineteenth of April, in accordance with recommendation from "Washington, and special proclamation of Joseph A. Gilmore, governor of ISTew Hampshire, the obse- HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 363 quies of President Lincoln were observed. Business was entirely suspended ; at twelve o'clock the church bells were tolled, minute guns were fired, and the people assembled at the town hall. Eev. Edward W. Clark read the governor's proclamation, and made the opening prayer; appropriate pieces were sung by the choir, under the leadership of Francis F. Haskell ; Eev. E. S. Foster read selections from Scripture ; Eev. F. W. Towle offered prayer; addresses were made by Eev. Messrs. S. Gr. Kellogg, Moses Kimball, of Ascutneyville, Vt., Foster, Clark, and Towle, of Claremont, and Albert Qoss, of Auburn, K Y., a native of the town. The choir sang the hymn, " "Why do we mourn depart- ing friends," to the tune of China, and Mr. Kimball pronounced the benediction. Appropriate services, conducted by Eev. J. M. Peck, were held at Trinity church, between eleven and twelve o'clock. Never did the people of Claremont mourn more sincerely than on this occasion. DEATH OF PKESIDENT GKANT. The eminent general and ex-president, Ulysses S. Grant, after a long and painful sickness, died at Mount McGregor, near Sar- atoga, New York, on the twenty-third of July, 1885. The select- men published the following notice in the town papers : TAKE NOTICE. The citizens of Claremont are requested to meet at the town hall, Saturday evening, August 1, at 8 o'clock, to make arrangements for the proper observ- ance of the day of the funeral of the nation's beloved hero and patriot. General Grant, which will take place August 8. I. H. Long, "\ M. S. RossiTBK, V Selectmen. H. C. Sanders, j Claremont, N. H., July 30, 1885. Pursuant to this notice, a large number of citizens assembled. John S. Walker was chosen chairman, and stated the object for which the people were called together. Otis F. E. Waite, Hosea 364 HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. W. Parker, and David W. O'Neil were appointed a committee to report a committee of arrangements for the funeral exercises, and named George H. Stowell, John M. "Whipple, James B. Thrasher, Marshall S. Kossiter, Hosea W. Parker, George T. Stockwell, Frank G. Winn, Hartley L. Brooks, and George "W". Paul, to act in conjunction with Hiram G. Sherman, Charles H. Long, and Harry C. Fay, appointed by Major Jarvis Post of the Grand Army. At a meeting of the committee of arrangements, Hosea W. Parker was chosen president of the day of the funeral. Ira Colby,. John S. "Walker, Harry C. Fay, Edwin Vaughan, Charles H. Long, Solon C. Grannis, Simeon Ide, John "W. Hammond, Samuel G. Jarvis, Henry N". Hunton, George L. Balcom, Edward Ains- worth, Russell Jarvis, Osmon B. "Way, Daniel W. Johnson,. George N. Farwell, Charles M. Bingham, and Frederick P. Smith, vice-presidents ; "W. H. H. Allen, orator ; Rev. Lee S. M'Collester, chaplain. On the day of the funeral, by order of the postmaster-general, all the post-olfices in the states and territories were closed from one to five o'clock, p. m. In Claremont, business was suspended from twelve to six o'clock, and bells were tolled from half past one to two o'clock. The town hall was tastefully decorated with emblems of mourning. At two o'clock the exercises were opened by the singing by a select choir, under the leadership of F. F. Has- kell, of the hymn beginning, " My faith looks up to Thee," followed by prayer by the chaplain. The president made a short opening address, and presented the orator, "William H. H. Allen, who spoke about forty minutes. He was followed in short addresses by Ira Colby, John S. "Walker, Edwin "Vaughan, Revs. Lee S. M'Collester, J. H. Robbins, and G. M. Curl, and Dr. Osmon B. "Way. The oration and addresses were all eloquent, touching, and appropriate to the occasion. The president, Mr. Parker, said, — " Before dismissing this as- sembly I desire to say that I have seen General Grant under HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 365 different circumstances for four years, and one of his most prom- inent characteristics was his great modesty. Under all circum- stances he was as modest as a schoolboy, and as simple as a child." The exercises were concluded with singing by the choir of the hymn, the first two lines of which are, ".Beyond the smiling and the weeping, I shall be soon." CHAPTEE XXVm. SECRET SOCIETIES — MASONIC ORGANIZATIONS. HIBAM LODGE, NO. 9. This lodge has heen in existence nearly a hundred years, having been instituted June 25, 1798. Among its members from the first have been numbered many of the most able, in- fluential, and substantial men of the town, and the institution has commanded the respect of all classes. The first principal officers were Ithamer Chase, W. M. ; Daniel Barber, S. W. ; Eben- ezer Rice, J. "W". ; Stephen Dexter, treasurer ; Ambrose Cossit, secretary. UNION MARK LODGE, NO. 1. By dispensation from DeWitt Clinton, Grand High Priest of the General Grand Eoyal Arch Chapter of the United States of America, this lodge was instituted July 13, 1818. The first principal officers were Stephen Pice, Pt. W. master ; Nathan Bingham, senior warden ; Zenas Hitchcock, junior warden ; Jo- seph Pice, treasurer; Joseph Alden, secretary. This lodge con- tinued in existence until August 20, 1820, when, by vote, it was disbanded, and the funds on hand were given to Webb Chap- ter, thereafter to be instituted, and the records and papers were to be deposited with its secretary, when chosen. WEBB ROYAL AKCH CHAPTEE Was instituted July 11, 1821. The first principal officers were Jonathan Nye, high priest; Nathan Bingham, king; Godfrey Stevens, scribe. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT, 367 COLUMBIA COUNCIL, NO. 2, R. AND S. M. This council was instituted April 12, 1822. The first princi- pal officers were Jonathan Nye, T. I. G. M. ; Nathan Bingham, D. I. G. M. ; Godfrey Stevens, P. C. ; Eoswell Elmer, C. of G. ; Stephen Starbird, G. S. ; Stephen Eice, recorder ; Daniel Chase, treasurer. SULLIVAN COMMANDERT, NO. 6. This commandery was instituted January 23, 1866, by Charles A. Tufts, G. C. of the Grand Commandery of New Hamp- shire. The principal officers were Lelaud J. Graves, E. C. ; Henry A. Eedfiekl, generalissimo; A. K. Howard, C. G. Its eminent commanders have been Leland J. Graves, Hosea W. Parker, Joseph W. Eobinson, Albert S. "Wait, Edward F. Hough- ton, and Charles H. Long. ODD FELLOWS. SULLIVAN LODGE, NO. 12. On the thirteenth of October, 1845, Charles "Williams and five other citizens of Claremont, who were members of White Moun- tain Lodge, of Concord, petitioned the Grand Lodge of New Hampshire for a dispensation to form a subordinate lodge in Claremont, which was granted, and on the twenty-third of the same month Sullivan Lodge, No. 12, was duly instituted, with Philemon Tolles, noble grand; William 0. C. Woodbury, secre- tary, and Sylvanus F. Eedfield, treasurer. The lodge continued in active work until 1857, when the organization was abandoned and the charter surrendered. On March 21, 1872, on petition to the Grand Lodge of the state, a new charter, with the same name and number, was granted to William 0. C. Woodbury, John Hendee, Joseph Weber, Stephen Carleton, Fred. A. Henry, William Clark, Dan- iel J. Livingston, and Lewis W. Eandall, and the lodge has been in active operation to the present time. It has eligible rooms in S. S. Eand's block. S68 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. Sullivan Lodge was instituted August 2, 1872, with ten char- ter members. The largest number of members at anj' time was twenty-six, in 1873. It was not very prosperous during its ex- istence, and on August 21, 1875, the organization was aban- doned and the charter subsequently surrendered. On December 30, 1887, Claremont Lodge, ISTo. 15, was instituted, with twenty- six charter members. Its membership July 1, 1894, was fifty- four, mostly young men. This organization occupies eligible and handsomely furnished rooms in the third story of Union block, and has a fund on deposit in the savings bank. It is a benefit institution, and paid in benefits from its organization to December 31, 1893, two hundred and sixty-two dollars. GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. MAJOR JAKVIS POST, NO. 12, Was organized on July 7, 1868, with twenty-one charter mem- bers. Edwin Vaughan was the first commander. The succeed- ing commanders were Charles H. Long, Henry E. Barrett, and Oliver A. Bond. The post was disbanded in May, 1872. Dur- ing its existence one hundred and ten comrades enlisted. A new post, with the same name and number, was organized on June 29, 1880, with Hiram G. Sherman as commander. His succes- sors have been William H. Redfield, James H. Perkins, Irvine A. Hurd, Charles L. Severance, William Dodge, Harry C. Fav, Levi D. Hall, Shubael Gould, Levi Johnson, Edward A. Parme- lee, Cyrus W. Dana, Allen P. Messer, and George A. Walker. Meetings were held in a hall in what was known as Oscar J. Brown's wood block, which was completely destroyed by fire on the morning of March 27, 1887, with all the records, library, furniture, and other property of the Grand Army Post, which was insured for nearly its full value. When Union block was built, on the site of the one burned, a large hall and rooms HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 369 adjoining were fitted up in its third story for tliis organization, which it has since occupied. In ISTovember, 1882, the Major Jarvis Woman's Eelief Corps, auxiliary to the Grand Army, was organized, with Mrs. JS'ellie M. Gerry, president. PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY. Claremont Grange, jSTo. 9, was organized November 18, 1873. It is composed mainly of farmers and their wives. Meetings are held regularly each month in Grand Army hall, and special meetings are held occasionally at the homes of its members. CHAPTER XXIX. MARKS OF CATTLE, SHEEP, AND SWINE. The following names of persons who had cattle, sheep, and swine marks recorded by the town clerk, from 1771 to 1793, are given as showing the probable owners of land in Claremont during that period : Year. 1771. Names. Year, Names. Asa Leet. 1771. John Spencer. Ebenezer Rice. Amos York. John Thomas. John Peak. Cornelius Brooks. 1772. Benj. Towner. Samuel Cole. Beniah Murray. Meea Potter. Joseph York. John Hitchcock. 1773. Samuel Thomas. Joseph Ives. 1774. Thomas Goodwin. Benjamin Brooks. Doct. William Sumner Stephen Higby. Edward Goodwin. Hezekiah Roys. Elihu Stevens. Capt. Benj. Brooks. Josiah Stevens. Daniel Warner. Elihu Stevens, Jr. Thomas Gustin. Roswell Stevens. Thomas Jones. 1776. Timothy Grannis. Ebenezer Skinner. David Bates. John Kilborn. Berna Brooks. Barnabas Ellis. Asahel Brooks. Capt. Benj. Sumner. John Brooks. Asa Jones. Stephen Higbe. Amazia Knight. Levy Higbe. Jonas Steward. 1777. Doct. Thomas Sterne. Gideon Lewis. Capt. Gideon Kirtland HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 371 1777. Oliver Ellsworth. 1790. JohnDutton. Sergt. Joseph Hubbard. Joseph Eice. Capt. Ebenezer Clark. Eliphalet Robinson. Dea. Jacob Rice. 1791. Moses Allen. Amos Conant. Capt. John Cook. Jonathan Parker. Gideon Handerson. 1778. Joseph Clark. Joseph Spalding. John Adkins. Timothy Atkins. Daniel Ford. Ashbei Richardson, Key. Augustine Hibbard. 1792. David Rich. 1779. Megs Stevens. Enoch Judd. Zeba Stevens. Bruster Judd. Linus Stevens. Linus Stevens, Phisition Sergt. Jeremiah Spencer. Jonathan Bradley. James Alden. Ambrose Cossit. John West. John C. Sprague. Richard Hawley. John Sprague. Ephraim French. Thomas Warner. William York. Martin Andrews. Dr. James Steele. James Alden. 1780. Ebenezer Judd. Capt. John Blodgett. Samuel Bates. Amos Conant. Levy Pardee. Benj. Peterson. Joseph Clark. Ephraim Peterson . Bill Barnes. Doct. Abner Megs. 1781. Reuben Petty. Eliakim Stevens. Josiah Rich. Widow Mary Bellield. Amos Cole. Joseph Cummins. 1782. Ezra Butler. 1793. Phinehas Cowles. Ichabod Hitchcock. William Break. 1783. Henry Stevens. Roswell Clapp. Maj. Sanford Kingsbury. Benedick Rice. 1785. Timothy Cole. Aaron Sholes. 1786. Asa Jones. Christopher Erskine. 1788. Daniel Greene. David Stedman. 1789. Nehemiah Rice. Reuben Petty. Adam Raner Leet. Abraham Fisher. Zara Thomas. William Rhodes. 1790. Isaac Morgan. James White. Ezekiel Leet. 372 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. MUSICAL REMINISCENCES. Early in the present century Claremont was quite celebrated for the talents and accomplishments of her singers and performers upon various musical instruments. Dr. J. Baxter Upham, of ISTew York city — a native of the town — furnishes interesting remin- iscences touching tliis subject, which are given in the main in his own language. The period embraced in this sketch extends from about 1830 to 1842 inclusive, and it may be called perhaps the musical epoch of Olaremont. At no time before or since has the town — always foremost in this particular — contained so many really excellent voices and instruments. It was then that the old Claremont Sacred Music Society was in its prime — a body of sixty mem- bers selected for their proficiency — having as their leader Mr. Silas L. Bingham, who had been trained as a choir boy at Trinity church in Boston ; for organist Mr. John Long, formerly of the Temple church, London. Among the prominent vocalists of the society were Mrs. Luther S. Porter, formerly Eliza Bingham, soprano ; Mrs. Silas L. Bingham, nee Mary Mansfield, a lovely contralto ; Messrs. Hosea Booth, Jonathan Miner, and John M. Gowdey, tenors; Messrs. Luther S. Porter, George K". Farwell, and Charles M. Bingham, bassos, and a host of others, who made up the rank and file of the chorus. The orchestra — if it ma}- be so called — was, of course, limited in numbers and scope, but contained such excellent players as Caleb Densmore, violin ; James H. Brigham and Levi Bingham, violoncellos; Arnold Merrill,* contra basso; J. Fisher Lawrence, piccolo ; John Dane, clarionet ; Charles R. Bingham, Eobert H. Upham, Morris Evarts, and "Walter Bingham, flutes — the latter a very accomplished musician, a resident of Acworth, but who was wont to come up and join his musical brethren on im- portant occasions, together with the aforesaid John Long, who presided at the organ. Not unfrequently Mr. Pushee, of Leba- * Silas L. Bingham nicknamed him Traitor Arnold, ■which cognomen he good na- turedly accepted, and by it was called by liis musical associates, with all of whom he was very popular. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 373 noD, who will be remembered as a noted performer on the violin and teacher of dancing, appeared and took part with the society. In several of the more important of the public performances,. Sig. Ostinelli, the most famous violinist of the day in this coun- try, did not disdain to come up from Boston and lend life and spirit to the orchestral parts. Silas L. Bingham, the originator and ruling spirit of this fa- mous organization, deserves more than a passing notice. He was a born musician. He had a rich, ringing tenor voice, was of imposing presence and singularly magnetic power; had an orig- inal and forceful manner of his own, and his control of the ma- terial at his command was absolute and supreme. Full to over- flowing with nervous action, he accentuated the movement and rhythm of the music with hands, head, and feet. He perfectly embodied the graphic picture by "Wordsworth of the earnest and enthusiastic lover of music, "Can he keep himself still, if he would? oh, not he! The music stirs in him like wind through a tree." When nearly seventy years old, Mr. Bingham journeyed a thousand miles to be present at the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Handel and Haydn Society of Boston. At his own request he was assigned a place in the chorus, and of the vast multitude of earnest participants in the closing exercises of that memorable week, — it being his favorite "Messiah," — his voice and action were conspicuous and effective. The Claremont society possessed a valuable repertoire of musid selected from the standard oratorios mostly, isolated extracts, of course, but of the best. It was their custom to hold frequent meetings for practice during the autumn and winter months, and to come out strong at the Christmas season, when the walls of the old octagonal Episcopal church were made to tremble with the sublime strains of Handel, Haydn, and Mozart. Such, and of such nature, was this old society, whose reputa- tion reached beyond the limits of the town and state, and which 374 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. was no mean compeer, in its smaller dimensions, to the older and stately Handel and Haydn society of Boston, which was, under its energetic leader, taken for its model. It was the custom, in those old days, to enlist music as an ally in the entertainment of guests at parties and social gather- ings. The playing of James H. Bingham on his violoncello, and the simple and touching ballads sung by Mr. and Mrs. Silas L. Bingham deeply moved many, and greatly pleased all who listened to these performances. It will be noticed that the Binghams — though not all of them of one family — figure largely in the foregoing musical reminiscences. To the artistic talent and genius of the Binghams the town owes much of its wide-spread musical reputation. To the older citizens it is a sad reminder of the swiftness of time and the rapidity with which whole generations melt away, that scarcely any of that honored name are now to be found in the town records. WESTERN NEW HAMPSHIEE MUSICAL ASSOCIATION. In August, 1885, an association under this name was formed, intending to embrace such individuals in Claremont and sur- rounding towns in New Hampshire and Vermont, interested in musical progress, as chose to join it. A constitution was adopted, and the organization perfected by the choice of the following officers : Hosea W. Parker, president ; Joseph H. Haskell, secre- tary ; Israel D. Hall, treasurer ; Otis F. R Waite, corresponding secretary; Osmon B. Way, Albert Ball, Francis F. Haskell, Is- rael D. Hall, and Clarence M. Leete, executive committee. It was voted that a music festival be held for the week beginning August 31, provided that fifty names should be obtained to guar- antee to make up the deficiency, if any, of expenses above receipts. The names of sixty-eight guarantors were readily obtained, and the festival was held, with H. R. Palmer, of JSTew York, as con- ductor ; Mrs. Martha Dana Shepard, of Boston, pianist, and other well known artists. The receipts were $875.31, and the expenses $607.13. < 0- O Z X O < o o OSCAR J. BROWN. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 375 Festivals have been held annually, the last week in August, since then — all successful musically, and with varying degrees of success financially, — but on the whole the association has ac- cumulated a small fund. Dr. Palmer was conductor of five fes- tivals, C. Mortimer "Wiske, of New York, two, and Carl Zerrahn, of Boston, two. Mrs. Shepard has been in attendance as pianist at all of the ten festivals. The choruses, made up of singers, old and young, of both sexes, living in towns in the vicinity of Claremont, have varied in number of voices, from one hundred and seventy to two hundred and twenty-five. In October, 1886, this association adopted the voluntary corpo- ration act, with forty-two members, enacted by-laws, and elected a board of officers. Associates have been admitted from time to time, and there were in 1893, seventy-six members. The officers for that year were : Hosea "W. Parker, president ; James B. Goodrich, vice-president; Otis F. R. Waite, clerk; Israel D. Hall, treasurer ; Frank P. Vogl, corresponding secretary; Clarence M. Leete, George W. Stevens, Horace W. Frost, George A. Briggs, and Noah P. Woolley, directors. A music festival under the conductorship of Jules Jordan, of Providence, R. I., was held in 1894, which was quite as successful as any preceding one. COACHING PARTY. On the eightieth birthday of Oscar J. Brown, the veteran stage proprietor and driver, which occurred October 22, 1888, sev- enteen of his elderly fellow townsmen invited him to drive them, with a team of eight spirited gray horses, which had never before been harnessed together, attached to a Concord stage-coach, to Windsor, Yt., ten miles, where they had a handsome special din- ner provided, at the Windsor House. The party consisted of Os- car J. Brown, William E. Tutherly, John L. Farwell, John Tyler, Francis Locke, Otis F. R. Waite, George L. Balcom, Henry Pat- ten, Leonard P. Fisher, John S. Walker, Daniel W. Johnson, John T. Emerson, James P. Upham, John McCullough, Samuel G. Jar- vis, Ira Colby, Fred. A. Tyler, and Pomeroy M. Rossiter, most of 376 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. them natives or long-time residents and well-known Claremont citizens. The party, when mounted upon the coach, at the resi- dence of Mr. Brown, was photographed by the artist, E. 0. Eisher, and at about ten o'clock, A. m., started off", amid the cheers of a large gathering of men, women, and children, and the tooting of stage-horns, as of the olden time. This expedition had been heard of, and all along the route the people were out to cheer its prog- ress and the veteran driver. Windsor was on the alert to give it a welcome, as the coach passed up the main street, just before twelve o'clock, in stately style, and drew up at the Windsor House, where several of Mr. Brown's old friends and staging days associates had assembled to meet him. The dinner was elegantly gotten up, and the service everything that could be desired. After the eating had been concluded, John S. Walker, who sat at the head of the table, with Mr. Brown, the guest of the occasion, on his right, and Leonard P. Fisher, the oldest man of the party, on his left, called to order, and in a few well chosen words introduced Mr. Brown, who thanked his neigh- bors and friends for their kind remembrance of his eightieth birth- day, and gave an interesting account of some of his experiences as a stage-driver before the days of railroads. He was followed by happy short speeches by Ira Colby and others. At half-past three o'clock, p. M., the party started on its return trip, followed by the cheers of the Windsor people, and arrived home safely, without accident or mishap, at five o'clock. A handsome collation was provided at Mr. Brown's house, to which all were cordially invited. On the eleventh day of February, 1892, every member of this notable party of eighteen was living. Since that date live of them have died, viz. : February 11, 1892, Fred. A. Tyler, aged sixty- eight years; March 5, 1892, Samuel G. Jarvis, aged seventy-six years ; March 27, 1892, Oscar J. Brown, aged eighty-four years ,: December 6, 1892, Leonard P. Fisher, aged eighty-five years ; Jan- uary 8, 1893, William E. Tutherly, aged sixty-nine years. HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. 377 SPECULATION TIMES. The period from 1833 to 1837 was known as " Speculation Times " in Claremont. From the earliest settlement of the town her people, in matters of business, have generally been conserva- tive, and at times they might, perhaps, have been considered over cautious or slow. But this period in her history was an excep- tion, the conditions having been brought about by causes easily explainable. In September, 1833, during Andrew Jackson's second term as president of the United States, the government deposits, amount- ing to more than ten millions of dollars, were removed from the National Bank in Philadelphia and distributed amongst certain state banks, called " pet banks." This had the effect to make the issues of paper money by these banks very plentiful, and loans ob- tainable on easy terms, which seemed to stimulate speculation in every kind of commodity and real estate all over the country. The people of Claremont caught the prevailing fever. Some of them saw in the splendid water-power of Sugar river the source of great wealth, and visions of a big town or city in the immediate future distracted them — in short, they lost their heads. In view of the brilliant prospects water-privileges were bought; farms within a mile of the center were purchased at what a few months before would have been thought fabulous prices, laid out into building lots, and put into the market, passed from one to another in rapid succession, each making a handsome profit, and specula- tion was indeed lively. A company was formed, built a large carriage factory at the north end of the upper bridge, and carried on an extensive busi- ness for a few years, with apparent success, but finally, for some cause, failed, and those who had invested one hundred dollars in the stock had to pay six hundred dollars to clear themselves from their liabilities. Another company built the upper Monadnock mill, not knowing what it was to be used for. It stood unoccupied for many years, and was then sold to its present owners at a large discount from its original cost. Simeon Ide, in a small pamphlet, 378 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. entitled " The Industries of Claremont," says that about 1836 the company expended twenty-five thousand dollars in the purchase of land, water-power, and the erection of the mill building and two boardiog and tenement houses, and in 1844 sold the entire prop- erty for three thousand dollars. In 1835 and 1836, the four large brick houses, with tall pillars in front, on the south side of Central street, were built by Charles L. Putnam, Simeon Ide, Ormon Button, and Henry Russell. They were then the finest and most expensive houses within fift^' miles. During those two years more than one hundred and fifty buildings, mostly dwelling-houses, were erected in the village. Everybody had plenty of money aiid seemed to be prospering. In 1837 the United States Bank suspended specie payments, as did most of the state banks, and the great financial crash of that year immediately followed. Many Claremont men had put into these speculations all the money and credit they could command, and when the bubble burst they could not meet their obligations and thereby ruined themselves and many of their friends and neighbors. Specie was verj- scarce — not enough in circulation to do business with — and after a while the banks issued fractional bills. Hon. Jacob Collamer, of Vermont, went about in 1840, lec- turing in the Harrison campaign, and speaking of the hard times, said : " Everybody ow^es everybody and nobody has anything to pay anybody." WEST CLAREMONT CADETS. In the fall of 1850 an independent military company was organ- ized at West Claremont, called the West Claremont Cadets. At a meeting of the company, in D. P. Maynard's hall, the following ofiicers were elected: Captain, J. H. Cross; lieutenants, John McConnon, W. G. Kidder, and H. G. P. Cross ; sergeants, Gawen Gilmore, S. A. Higbee, D. M. Keyes, and J. Wilder. There were about seventy members. It had attached to it the Burpee Band, led by Aaron Burpee, w^hich furnished excellent martial music. Mr. Burpee was a famous drummer. This company attended an independent muster at Newport, in a new and showy uniform, and CENTRAL STREET. HISTORY OS CLAEEMONI. 379 attracted much notice. On the twentieth of E'ovember the ladies of West Claremont presented the company a handsome silk ban- ner, the presentation address being made by Miss Ellen Wetherbee, now the wife of DeWitt Thrasher, of "Weathersfield, Vt., whose father, Jonathan Wetherbee, was toll-gatherer at Claremont bridge for many years. In the evening the cadets gave a grand military ball in Maynard's hall. The cadets paraded at the county fair, in Claremont village, in 1851. On the Fourth of July, 1853, this company made its last public appearance, at the celebration. They met the Norwich University Cadets at the High Bridge, escorted them, headed by the Windsor Cornet Band, to a breakfast pro- vided by the West Claremont ladies, in Wyllys Redfield's grounds. The two companies then marched to the village, where a juvenile company, commanded by Oapt. Fred. A. Briggs, met them at the lower bridge, and all marched up town and took part in the day's celebration.' VISIT OF GENERAL LAFAYETTE. In 1824 the congress of the United States passed unanimously a resolution requesting President Monroe to invite Lafayette to visit the United States. He accepted the invitation, but declined the offer of a ship of the line for his conveyance, and with his son, George Washington Lafayette, and secretary, took passage on a packet ship from Havre to New York, where he landed on August 15, 1824. His progress through the country resembled a continu- ous triumphal procession. He visited in succession each of the twenty-four states and all of the principal cities. In December consress voted him a grant of two hundred thousand dollars and a township of land, " in consideration of his important services and expenditures during the American Revolution." Among the earliest of the arrangements for the laying of the corner stone of Bunker Hill monument, on the seventeenth of June, 1825, was an invitation to General Lafayette to be present. He so timed his progress through the other states as to return to Massachusetts in season for that great occasion, and was addressed 1 This account Is given on the authority of C. H. Gilmore, a son o£ the late Hiram Gil- more, now living at Cote St. Paul, near Montreal. 380 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. by Daniel "Webster, in the course of Ms oration, in feeling and fit- ting terms. General Lafayette then started on a tour through New Hamp- shire and Vermont. He visited the New Hampshire legislature, then in session at Concord, on the twenty-second of June, soon after which he started for Vermont, by way of Bradford, Newport, and Claremont. He was met at the Newport town line by a com- mittee, cavalcade, and many citizens, Dr. Josiah Richards being chief marshal. Tradition says that when he reached the line of this town, it being quite dark, all formalities were waived, and General Lafayette and his immediate party were conveyed quietly to the Tremont House, where they passed the night of the twenty- seventh of .June. The next morning he was met by the Claremont committee and welcomed to the town, Dr. Leonard Jarvis deliver- ing a short address. Dr. Jarvis then conveyed the general to Windsor, Vt., in an unique foreign-made willow carriage, now in possession of Dr. Jarvis's grandson, in a good state of preservation. On September 7, 1825, G-eneral Lafayette sailed from Washing- ton in a frigate named in compliment to him, the Brandywine. On his arrival in Havre the people assembled to make a demon- stration in his honor, but were dispersed by the police. UNUSUAL SEASONS. The winter of 1779-80 was an unusually severe one all over New England. On the nineteenth of October snow fell to the depth of t^wo feet and did not disappear until late in the following spring. Many cattle died of starvation. A day of fasting and prayer was held on account of the sad prospects. May 19, 1780, the " dark day " occurred, which added to the gloom of the desolate winter just passed. THE COLD SEASON. The season of 1816 is recorded and spoken of as the cold sum- mer. In this section it is said that there was frost every month in the year. Eev. Ebenezer Price, in his Chronological History of HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 381 Boscawen, says that " on the sixth of June, the day of the general election, snow fell several inches deep, followed by a cold and frosty night, and the following day snow fell and frost continued. July 9th, a deep and deadly frost killed or palsied most vegetables. The little corn which had the appearance of maturity was desti- tute of its natural taste and sustenance. But the providence of God was bountiful in supplying the article of bread from the crops of rye, which were uncommonly good." The crops raised the year before had been almost entirely consumed and the means of transportation were very limited, so that provisions could not be brought from distant parts, while money was so scarce that but few could pay for them, and a famine seemed imminent. The people depended upon what could be got from the soil for their support. It was only by those who had the necessaries of life di- viding with those who had not, that extreme suffering by man and beast was prevented during that period of short crops. The season of 1817 was a favorable one, and crops of all kinds were abundant. AEMY WOEM. In 1770, according to E. D. Sanborn's History of New Hamp- shire, the Connecticut river valley, from Northfield, Mass., to Lan- caster, N. H., was visited by a species of army worm, which destroyed most of the crops and reduced the people nearly to starva- tion. In their maturity the worms were as long as a man's finger and as large in circumference. The body was brown, with a velvet stripe upon the back, and a yellow stripe on each side. They were the most loathsome and greedy invaders that ever polluted the earth. They marched from north or northeast and passed to the east and south. They covered the entire ground, so that not a finger's breadth was left between them. In their march they crawled over houses and barns, covering every inch of the boards and shingles. Every stalk of corn and wheat was doomed by them. The inhabitants dug trenches, but they soon filled them to the surface and the remaining army marched over their prostrate companions. They continued their devastations more than a 382 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. month ; then suddenly disappeared, no one knew how or where. Eleven years later a second visitation of the same worm was made, but they were then few in number. Potatoes and vines were not eaten by them. Pumpkins were abundant and very useful in sus- taining the lives of men and animals during the autumn. The atmosphere was also black with flocks of pigeons, which were caught in immense numbers, and their meat dried for winter use. FLOOD. In 1771 a great freshet occurred in Coos and Grafton counties, and the rich Connecticut river meadows were not only submerged by water, but in some places buried two or three feet with sand. Thus the inhabitants lost their crops for that year, and the use of their fertile lands for several years after. Cattle, sheep, swine, and horses were swept away, and in some instances families were caught in their dwellings by the tide, and were saved with great difficulty by boats. Severe suffering followed this sudden flood, the greatest, perhaps, known on the Connecticut river. CARNIVAL OF COASTING. One of the notable seasons was the spring of 1862. Early in April the snow in the vicinity of Claremont was fully three feet deep on a level. Upon the top of it a crust was formed by fine sleet and rain, followed by a freeze, perfectly smooth, and so hard and firm that heavy teams could go all over the lots without com- ing in contact with fences or tree stumps. The people of the town — young, middle aged, and old — left their usual occupations and enjoyed a rare carnival of sleighing and coasting on this crust. The grounds known as Sullivan Park — now Pair View — and north of it the powder-house lot, west of Mulberry street, for days and evenings were thronged with boys, girls, and frisky older people, with hand-sleds, enthusiastically coasting down the knolls into the valleys, and spectators in sleighs and on foot, witnessing the sport. On the thirteenth a warm spell came on, the snow melted under the influence of an April sun, soon disappeared, and the season was not more backward than usual. HISTORY OF CLARBLMONT. 383 By the town records it appears that at the annual meeting in 1811, it was "Voted that the inhabitants be allowed to wear their hats in the meeting." In 1823, " Voted that the Rev. Mr. Nye be requested to make a prayer." The record is, " That rev. Gentleman not being present, proceeded to vote for Town Clerk, and George Fiske was chosen, the oath of oflBce was administered to s'd Clerk by J. H. Sumner. The rev. Mr. Nye having come in — offered up Prayer — & then the meeting proceeded to ballot for Selectmen." In 1833 it was "Voted that horses, cattle, sheep and swine shall not run at large in the town of Claremont the ensuing year; and that the penalty for each and every oifense be one dollar." LARGE ELM TREE. A short distance from the house, on the old Hitchcock farm, now owned by Daniel N. Bowker, on Eed Water brook, stands the largest elm tree in town. It was j)lanted by John flitehcock, more than a hundred years ago, is still growing, sound, and healthy. A few feet from the ground it is nineteen feet in circumference, very tall, of graceful shape, and its branches cover an ai'ea of fully one hundred feet in diameter. Mr. Hitchcock's children watched its growth with much interest as long as they lived, and his grand- children pay frequent visits to it. FIRST MUSTER. The first muster of the militia in Claremont of which there is any known account, occurred October 9, 1806. According to the late Amos Hitchcock and Nahum "Wilson, there was no place where a regiment could be paraded, and after the day for the muster was appointed the men cleared one from the town house to near the Prentis Dow residence, on Broad street. A snow storm interfered with the parade. In the Claremont Spectator of March 5, 1824, is the follow- 384 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. ing : " Married, in tliis town, on "Wednesday morning last, by J. H. Sumner, Esq., Mr. Josiali Jones to Mrs. Rebekah Picket, aged about 60 years each. " Who'd think Cupid strong enough To pierce two hearts so old and tough ? — Communicated." BIOGRAPHICAL. CHAPTER XXX. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHEK. DK. TEUMAN ABELL, Son of Pliinehas Abell, was born at Lempster, February 16, 1779, and died there, May 19, 1853. He studied medicine with Dr. Na- than Merrill, of Lempster, passed an examination and was licensed to practice by a board of the New Hampshire State Medical So- ciety, soon after which, probably about 1806, he came to Clare- mont, where he remained but a short time, and then returned to Lempster, to fill the place of Dr. Merrill, who had died. Dr. Abell continued in practice — most of the time being the only physician in that town — until his death. He devoted much time to the study of astronomy, mathematics, and botany, and was au- thority upon these subjects. He was the author of " Abell's New England Farmers' Almanac," which was the popular almanac in New England. He published it annually for more than fifty years ; the last part of the time, having lost his eyesight, he was assisted by his son, Truman W. THE AINSWORTHS. The Ainsworths of Claremont are direct descendants of Edward Ainsworth, born in England in 1652. He was a seafaring man and came to America prior to 1687. His grandson, Edward, born at Woodstock, Conn., November 21, 1729, settled in Richmond, Cheshire county, where for a time he combined the practice of medicine and farming, and in 1765 removed to Claremont and de- voted himself to agriculture. He was the father of ten children — seven sons and three daughters. His son, Walter, had six sons, 388 HISTORY OE CLAREMONT. viz.: Harry, who died at N'orthfield, A^t, about 1858; Ralph, father of Charles H., of this town, and James E., living in the West; he died some years ago; Laban, father of George J. and Ralph, of this town, died May 19, 1881; Elijah, who died in Hart- land, Vt., about 1780; Edwin, who died here November 11, 1868 ; and Edward, twin of Edwin, father of Oliver, living in Michi- gan, William E, and Walter H., of this town, died July 1, 1892. Ralph Ainsworth, senior, was selectman in 1838, 1841, and 1842 ; Laban was selectman in 1868 and 1869 ; Edwin was postmaster from April 9, 1849, to May 5, 1853; Edward was selectman in 1855 and 1856, and representative in 1866 and 1867; Charles H., son of Ralph, senior, was selectman in 1872 and 1873, and representative from 1883 to 1885. THE ALDEN FAmLY. John, James, and Benjamin Alden, sons of John and Hannah (Kingman) Alden, were born in Bridgewater, Mass. They were lineal descendants of John Alden and Priscilla Moline, his wife, who came from England in the Mayflower and landed at Plymouth in 1620. They came to Claremont in 1772, and became joint owners of a tract of twelve hundred acres of land in the southeast part of the town, which was subsequently divided up among their descend- ants. James was one of the selectmen in 1782. From these three brothers sprang numerous families, scattered all over the country bearing their name. LEVI ALDEN, The oldest son of John, came to Claremont with his father. He was a man of considerable activity and extensive business. Be- sides the care of his farm he operated a brickyard, which turned out many of the bricks used in buildings erected in his time in town, manufactured earthen ware, and carried on blacksmithing He married Bedina, second daughter of Thomas Warner, a Revo- lutionary soldier. Among their children were Louisa M., Thomas W., Levi, and Lucinda C. LOUISA M. ALDEN Married Jacob R. Peterson, and was left a widow with two young HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 389 children. Before her marriage she had taught school in her own and other districts in town. She was largely dependent upon her own exertions for support, and having received a good education, opened a private school in Claremont, which was very popular, and well patronized for many years. In 1855 she removed to Janesville, Wis., and there established a select school, which was quite successful, and continued it until near the time of her death, iN'ovember 6, 1881, at the age of eighty-one years. Of her chil- dren, James died in Janesville, and Mary Louisa is assistant post- master in that city. THOMAS W. ALDEN, Son of Levi, was born January 2, 1807, and died January 14, 1892. He married Huldah Blodgett, who died April 29, 1892, at the age of eighty-five years. He was a thrifty farmer in the southeast part of the town, and a respected citizen for many years. They left children — Carrie and John, of this town, and Sarah, wife of Charles Hurd, of Wapella, LI. LEVI ALDEN, Son of Levi, was born in Claremont, July 24, 1815, and died at Madison, Wis., November 23, 1893. He was educated at Unity Academy and Union College, Schenectady, N. Y. He taught at academies in New York state and Wisconsin. In 1845 he settled in Janesville, Wis., v^here he soon began the publication of the Janesville Gazette, of which he was proprietor for a number of years. He was several times elected representative in the Wiscon- sin legislature ; was clerk of the circuit court of Eock county from 1858 to 1867; removed to Madison, the state capital, and was elected superintendent and auditor of public printing, which posi- tion he held for many years, and was associate editor of the Wisconsin State Journal. He married Sarah Ann Leach, of Fleming, N. Y., who died at Madison, January 23, 1873, leaving children — Mary K, wife of George Judkins, of Claremont, whose son, Levi Aldeu, is observer in the United States weather bureau, Boston; Frances B., wife of Frank C. Cook, of Janesville ; Louisa 390 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. J., wife of Dr. T. W. Evans, who died April 23, 1887; Sarah Lo- vinia, wife of Dr. Henry S. Hall, of Hyattsville, near Washington, D. C; and Hattie L., who resides at "Washington, D. C. June 19, 1879, Mr. Alden married for his second wife Mary A. P. Dean, who survives him, and resides at Madison. LUCINDA C. ALDEN Married Horace Baker, of Claremont, who died May 13, 1893, at the age of eighty-five years. They have surviving children — George H., who resides at West ISTewton, Mass. ; Horace Albert, of l^ew York city ; and Alfred, of Janesville, Wis. Mr. Baker was for many years janitor of the Congregational church and a blame- less man. EZRA B. ALDEN, Son of Adam, and grandson of Benjamin Alden, died in 1874. His wife, Mary B. Alden, who died in 1869, in her lifetime founded the Alden Literary Prize Fund, of the Stevens High School, giving to it her entire estate, after the death of her husband, which amounted to about three thousand dollars. DK. ARTHUR N. ALLEN, Son of John D. Allen, was born in Eutland, Vt., August 6, 1868. He graduated at Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa., in April, 1892, and commenced the practice of his profession in the following October. W. H. H. ALLEN, Son of Joseph Allen, was born in Wiuhall, Bennington county, Vt., December 10, 1829, and died in hospital in New York city, April 26, 1893, when on the return to his home in Claremont from Florida, where he went in the hope of improving his health. He was of Puritan stock — a direct descendant from Samuel Allen, who came from Braintree, Essex county, England, and settled in Cambridge, Mass., in 1632. Ethan Allen, of Eevolutionary fame, was the fifth in the line of descent from Samuel, through his sec- W. H. H. ALLEN. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 391 ond son, and Judge Allen was the eighth, through his third son. In 1844, after living in different places in Vermont, the last being Hartland, his father returned with his family to Surry, the place of his birth. Judge Allen lived at home, working on farms and at- tending public schools a few months each year, until he was fifteen years old. After that he attended the academies at West Brat- tleboro' and Saxton's River, Vt, and Keene, and taught school occasionally. For eighteen months he was under the tutelage of Joseph Perry, of Keene, an accomplished scholar and veteran teacher, by whose instruction he completed his preparation for ad- mission to college. He entered Dartmouth College in 1851, and graduated second in his class in 1855 — Walbridge A. Field, chief justice of the supreme court of Massachusetts, being the first. The late William S. Ladd, of Lancaster, ex-judge of the supreme court of New Hampshire, ex-Gov. I^elson Dingley, of Lewistou ^ Me., Charles A. Teuney, who died in 1856, and Sidney S. Harris, who died in New York city in 1892, both of Claremont, were of the same class. Following his graduation, Judge Allen was princi- pal of a high school at Hopkinton, Mass., and superintendent of schools at Perrysburg, 0. He read law in the offices of Wheeler & Faulkner and F. F. Lane, Keene, and Burke & Wait, Newport, and was admitted to the bar at the September term of the court for Sullivan county in 1858. In November, of the same year, Thomas W. Gilmore resigned the clerkship of the courts for Sulli- van county and Mr. Allen was appointed to the position and took up his residence at Newport. He continued in this office, trying referee cases and doing much other business now done by the judges, until 1863, when he was appointed paymaster in the army, which place he held until December, 1865. He then returned to Newport, opened an office, and commenced the practice of his pro- fession, and continued it there and in Claremont, to which place he removed in 1868, until 1876, when he was appointed associate judge of the supreme court of New Hampshire, which place he resigned in March, 1893, on account of failing health. He was judge of probate for Sullivan county from January, 1867, to July, 1874, 392 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. and register in bankruptcy when the bankrupt law of 1867 went into effect, and held that office until he was called to the supreme court bench. Judge Allen was a man of varied attainments, a pro- found scholar, and had the reputation of being an upright judge. SAMTJEL ASHLEY, One of the grantees of Claremont, son of Daniel Ashley, was born in Deerfield, Mass., March 20, 1720, and came with his father to Winchester, when quite a young man. He was chosen selectman of Winchester in 1755, and several subsequent years, and was representative in the provincial congress in 1775 and 1776. He had grants of land by Governor Benning Wentworth in several towns on each side of Connecticut river in New Hamp- shire and Vermont. He was a justice of the peace, and one of three persons in Cheshire county authorized to record deeds. In 1775 he was appointed one of the Committee of Safety for the state; was a member of the executive council from 1776 to 1780; mustering officer, superintended the enlistment and organization of many of the troops raised in the westerly part of 'New Hamp- shire during the Revolutionary war, and was commissioned colonel of a regiment. He was a volunteer on the staff of General John Stark, and with him in the battle of Bennington, on the sixteenth of August, 1777. Mr. Ashley removed from Winchester to Clare- mont, about 1782, his sons, Oliver and Samuel, Jr., having pre- ceded him. He died in Claremont, was buried in the cemetery in the west part of the town, and his tombstone bears the following inscription : In memory of the Hon. Samuel Ashley, Esq. Blessed with good natural talents, and a heart rightly to improve them, he in various departments of civil and military life, exhibited a character honorable to himself and useful to others. Having presided for several years in the lower court of this county, he with probity and fidelity displayed the virtues of the patriot and Christian as well in public as domestic life. The small-pox put an end to his earthly course February 18, 1792, aged 71. CAPTAIN OLIVER ASHLEY, One of the grantees of the town, was the oldest son of the Hon. Samuel Ashley, came to Claremont soon after the town was HISTOKY OF CLAEEMONT. 393 granted, and was a prominent citizen for many years. He was a member of |the first provincial congress, which assembled at Exeter on May 17, 1775, an ardent Whig, and very active in devising means for the defense of the colony. He was captain, and his brother, Samuel, .Jr., lieutenant, of a company that marched to Ticonderoga in May, 1777; was one of the town Committee of Safety, and was conspicuous as a patriot in military and civic positions all through the Eevolutionary War. In 1775, 1779, and 1780, he was selectman ; moderator in 1782, and rep- resentative in the legislature in 1795. In 1784 he obtained a charter and established the ferry across Connecticut river, since known as Ashley's ferry. He lived on the farm known for many years as the Benajah Rogers farm, now owned by John Bailey. He died April 9, 1818, at the age of seventy-four years, leaving by his will five thousand dollars, the income of which was perpetually to go toward the support of the Episcopal church at West Claremont, known as Union church. WILLIAM p. AUSTIN Was the first man in Claremont to offer his services in the War of the Rebellion. On April 18, 1861, he enlisted as a private under the call of President Lincoln for seventy-five thousand volunteers for three months. On the same day he was appointed recruiting ofiicer for Claremont and vicinity, and opened a re- cruiting station. In a few days he had enlisted eighty-five men, the most of whom belonged in Claremont. In August of the same year he was commissioned first lieutenant of the first com- pany of sharpshooters raised in Few Hampshire, and promoted to captain on the twentieth of the next December. In the second battle of Bull Run, August 30, 1862, he was severely wounded in the right arm by a rifle ball, in consequence of which he resigned May 16, 1863. On the thirteenth of the following August he was appointed captain in the Veteran Reserve corps. He served in various official positions and at different places until May, 1866, when he was ordered to report to the Commissioner of the bu- 394 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. reau of Eefugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, assigned to duty in Virginia, and stationed at Wytheville. He rendered varied and important services to the country, from April, 1861, until his death. He was selectman of Claremont in 1855, 1856, and 1857, and representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1863. He died in Virginia in 1891, and was buried here. DR. CYRCS E. UAKER, Son of the late Dimick Baker, was born in Plainfield, April 9, 1835. He was educated at Kimball Union Academj'; studied medicine with the late Dr. Nathaniel Tolles, of Claremont, and Dr. Edward E. Peaslee, in New York city, and took the degree of M. D. at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York city in June, 1862, standing one of the first six in a class of over two hundred. Immediately after his graduation he was appointed acting house physician in the New York state hospital, located in New York city, which position he resigned in July, 1862, to accept an appointment of acting assistant surgeon in the United States Army, in the War of the Rebellion. He served in the field with diiferent organizations, and in hospitals, as his ser- vices were most needed, in the department of Virginia and North Carolina, at a time when there was an insufficiency of medical officers, and his duties often subjected him to severe exposures, and were many times extremely arduous. He had a sun-stroke, and was severely attacked with malaria, disabling him to such a degree that in October, 1863, he resigned. He then came to Claremont and entered upon the practice of his profession, which was quite extensive for two or three years, or until he had a recurrence of his army troubles, since which his practice has been limited by impaired health, by reason of which he receives a pen- sion from government. EDWARD DIMICK BAKER, Son of the late Dimick Baker, of Plainfield, was born April 21 1827. Joseph Baker came from England and became an early €^ ^JL HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 395 resident of the New Haven colony, probably prior tq 1670; and from him descended this branch of the Baker family. Among the first settlers of Plainfield was Dr. Oliver Baker, who came from Tolland, Conn., about 1768, and bought a farm. He had received a medical education, and practised his profession and managed his farm until his death, which occurred October 13, 1811. He was the paternal grandfather of Edward D. Baker. His father's farm was within a half mile of Kimball Union Acad- emy, and he attended that school five years, working upon the farm during vacations, and teaching school winters. When twenty-one years of age he began the study of law in the office of Nathaniel W. Westgate, in Enfield, and subsequently studied with the late chief justice Henry A. Bellows. He was admitted to the bar in Sullivan county in July, 1851, and opened an office at Cornish Flat. In 1855 he removed to Claremont, and formed a law partnership with the late A. F. Snow, which continued until September, 1857. Since then he has been alone in the ac- tive practice of his profession. He is a well-read, painstaking, careful lawyer, industrious in the preparation and trial of the cases intrusted to him, and a discreet counselor. He was repre- sentative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1859, 1860, and 1885; been a member of the Stevens High School committee, and held some other minor offices. He is an extensive owner of real estate, and an excellent financier. November 12, 1851, he married Elizabeth Ticknor, of Plainfield, but has no children. GEORGE LEWIS BALCOM, Sou of Jonas and Mary (Kichardson) Balcom, was born in Sud- bury, Mass., October 9, 1819. He is a descendant of Henry Balcom, who came to this country in, or previous to, 1665, and settled in Charleatown, Mass., where he was admitted inhabitant September 1, 1665, was made tithing- man in 1679, and died February 29, 1683. He married, first, Sarah Smith, who died December 8, 1665. Second, Elizabeth Haines, "Deacon Haines of Sudberrie's daugh- 396 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. ter," August 12, 1666, — who was born June 19, 1644, and died November 20, 1715. After his death, the family settled in Sud- bury, Mass., where yet reside very many of their descendants, although the name of Balcom is there extinct. "When four years old, George Lewis, the subject of this sketch, removed with his parents to Lowell, Mass. He fitted for college at the Lowell High School and Westminster, Mass., academy, and entered Harvard College in 1835. From an aifection of the throat he decided to abandon his inten- tion of a professional for a business life, and near the end of the Sophomore year, he left college and entered a hardware store in Boston. He was the lowest boy in the store, and took that position from choice, that he might grow up with the business. In this way he may be said to have served a regular business apprenticeship, same as to a trade. In January, 1841, at the age of twenty-one, he went to Phil- adelphia, where he again found employment in the hardware business, and remained until 1846, and then returned to his native state. In 1847 he went to Proctorsville, Vt, and for one year was book-keeper in the woolen mill of Gilson, Smith & Co. In 1848 he was made superintendent, and in 1850 he became one of the owners, and for seven years was the junior partner under the firm of Smith & Balcom. In 1857 he sold his interest to his partner, "William Smith, and removed to Claremont, N". H., having purchased of Sanford & Eossiter what was called the Sullivan Mills, which he has operated to the present time, 1894. At the same time, he has at different intervals, about seventeen years in all, had an interest in the mill at Proctorsville, Vt. He married, October 20, 1845, Anna, daughter of Samuel West, of Philadelphia. She died July 8, 1881. They had three chil- dren, two of whom died in infancy. William Smith Balcom, the only survivor, was born August 3, 1850, and is connected with his father in the woolen business iu Claremont. HISTOKT OF CLARBMONT. 397 He married, first, Mary Euffiier Bellas, of Philadelphia, Octo- ber 8, 1874. She died July 21, 1879, leaving one child, Bessie Richardson Balcom, born August 31, 1876. Second, Cecilia Challett Sower, of Philadelphia, January 17, 1883, and have had children — 1, George Lewis, Jr., born August 20, 1884, died October 6, 1884. 2, Louis West, born June 7, 1888. Mr. Balcom was a representative from Cavendish in the legis- lature of Vermont, in 1855 and 1856, and the extra session of 1857, and was a member from Claremont in the legislature of ITew Hamp- shire of 1883-84, and a member of the state senate of 1889-90. He is one of the trustees of the Protestant Episcopal church in New Hampshire, and has been a delegate to the general conven- tion of the Protestant Episcopal church in the United States since 1871. He has been a trustee of the Holderness School for Boys since its incorporation in 1878, and is a member of the New Hampshire Historical Society. He was a delegate to the Re- publican national convention holden in Chicago in 1884. In 1868 he visited Europe, and traveled extensively through France, Italy, Switzerland, and Great Britain. He has given much attention to books, of which he has a col- lection of over four thousand volumes, consisting largely of Amer- ican history, especially of New Hampshire, and with perhaps one or two exceptions, it is the most complete in the state. Micah Balcom, grandfather of George Lewis, was a private in the Revolutionary "War, and stationed at Fort "Warren. He was also a member and officer in the old time town militia, as the fol- lowing receipt will show : Sudbury Sept 9. 1814. Kec'd of Corporal Micah Balcom by the hand of his son Joseph, one mug of the best flip that we have drank for this several months past, it being in full of our demands of him for his late promotion as an officer onto the Volunteer Company in this town, which Capt Isaac Gibbs has the honor to command. I say Kec'd by us the undersigned being Cartridge Makers for said Town. Reuben Maynard \ Peter Smith Cartriag^ Walter Haynes \ '^^'^^^^ Abel Wheeler \ ■''' Samuel Knights JrJ ^^^bury 398 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. BILL BARNES "Was a son of Daniel Barnes and of the fourth generation in direct descent from Thomas Barnes, who came from England to this countrj' in the last quarter of the seventeenth century. He was born at Farmiugton, Comi., in 1753, and came to Claremont in 1772, when nineteen years old, and bought a tract of land on the north side of Sugar river, opposite the jjresent village. A few years later, having made a home, he returned to Farmington, mar- ried a wife and brought her home bj" an ox team. Soon after his marriage Mr. Barnes built the large two-story house now standing on North street, on a site about midwaj' between Hanover and iN'orth streets, and opened it as a tavern. In accordance with the general custom of that time he combined farming with keeping a house of public entertainment. When the second Wew Hamp- shire turnpike was opened, about 1800, Mr. Barnes's tavern was left some distance from the line of travel, and he had his house moved to its present location. Near the present junction of Spring and North streets was a swinging sign, on which was a lion, painted in colors unknown to natural history, pointing the way to " Bill Barnes's Tavern." In this house was a large hall in which the Masons held their regular meetings for a time, Mr. Barnes being an active member of the order, and it was used for balls and other festivities. By industry and thrift he accumulated a consider- able fortune, and when a special tax was laid for the support of the government during the war of 1812, he was the third largest taxpayer in town. He was a prominent member of Union Episco- pal church and one of its first wardens. He was selectman in 1787 and 1790, and held other offices of trust. After seventeen years of married life, July 22, 1793, his wife died, leaving no issue. Subsequently Mr. Barnes married Esther, daughter of Capt. Dyer Spaulding, of Cornish, by whom he had six children, viz. : Eunice, who married Timothy Eastman ; Wil- liam A., killed by a tree falling upon him ; Ira K., scalded to death while boiling sap; Orilla, married a Mr. Brooks; Lyman S., who spent his life on the homestead and died there, November 9, 1888, GEN. G. W. BALLOCH. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 399 and Ovid D., who died September 23, 1856, on the farm lately owned by Melvin Proctor. Bill Barnes died February 24, 1842, at the age of ninety-four years, at the old homestead, in which four generations lived and three of them were born. It is now owned and occupied by his grandchildren. GEOKGE "WILUAMSON BALLOCH, A son of George Williamson and Amanda (West) Balloch, was born on December 3, 182o, in a small house which stood a short distance south of Lottery bridge, West Claremont. His grand- father, James Balloch, came from Sterlingshire, Scotland, and set- tled in Cornish, in 1790. He was a lineal descendant of Daniel Balloch, King of the Western Islands, known in Scottish history as Donald Dhu — Donald the Black. The name, Balloch, is a compound Gaelic word, Bal-loch, and means running lively, or rippling water. The subject of this sketch in his boyhood worked , at farming, attended the public schools, and two terms of the New England Academy, at Windsor, Vt. In September, 1844, he en- tered Norwich, Vt., University, then under the presidency of Gen. T. B. Eansom, who was killed at the storming of Chapultepec, Mexico, September 13, 1847. He continued in the university three years. In 1865 this university conferred upon him the honorary degree of A. M. In 1847 he joined the engineer corps of the Sullivan railroad, then being built, and remained on that road until 1850, being stationed at Charlestowii. That year he entered the service of the Boston and Maine railroad, and was station agent at South Reading — now Wakefield, Mass., — and tilled different positions on that road until 1856, when he became general ticket and freight agent of the Great Falls and Conway railroad. He was town clerk of Somersworth, in 1856, 1857, 1858, and the latter year was ap^Dointed the first police justice of that town. In September, 1861, he enlisted nearly half a company for the Fifth Regiment, New Hampshire Volunteei's, and on October 11 of that year was commissioned first lieutenant of Company D of that regi- ment, and soon after arrival at the- front was detailed by Gen. 0. 0. Howard as acting commissary of subsistence of his brigade. 400 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. In July, 1862, he was appointed captain and commissary of sub- sistence of U. S. Volunteers, assigned to his old brigade, and was with it in all its campaigns until General Howard was assigned to the command of the Eleventh army corps, when Captain Balloch was promoted to lieutenant-colonel and chief commissary of sub- sistence of General Howard's corps. He served in this capacity in the Chancellorsville and Gettysburg campaigns, and on the famous bloody march of General Sherman through Georgia to Atlanta, and from Atlanta to Savannah, in the summer and fall of 1864 ; and in the march from Savannah to Goldsboro, in the winter of 1865, was chief commissary of subsistence of the Twentieth army corps, Army of the Cumberland. In June, 1865, General Howard was assigned to the position of Commissioner of the Bureau of Eefugees, Freedmen, and Aban. doned Lands, and Colonel Balloch was made chief disbursins: officer of that bureau, which position he held until October, 1871, when he was appointed by the board of public works of the Dis- trict of Columbia, superintendent of streets, which position he held until the board was abolished by congress, in July, 1874. Since then he has been engaged as patent attorney, insurance agent, and notary public. In August, 1866, he was promoted to brigadier-general of volunteers, to date from March 13, 1865, for meritorious service in the subsistence department during the war. He is a prominent Freemason, having received all the degrees up to, and including, the thirty-third, and the Royal Order of Scot- land, and has held many important offices in this ancient order. CHAKLES M. BrNGHAM, Son of Nathan Bingham, was born in New London, Conn., in 1804, and died February 5, 1888. He came to Claremont with his parents in 1808. He learned the mercantile business and was in trade in Chester and Reading, Vt., and Claremont, from about 1828 until within a few years of his death, and was for many years a prominent and valued citizen. He was moderator of town meetings many times and representative in the New Hampshire CHARLES M. BINGHAM. HISTOEY OF CLAREMONT. 401 legislature in 1873 and 1874. He was an active and influential member and warden of Trinity church for a long period. JAMES H. BINGHAM Was born at Lempster, April 11, 1781, and died at Washington, D. C, March 31, 1859. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1801. He was a classmate and room mate of Daniel Webster, who kept up a correspondence and friendship as long as they lived. Mr. Bingham studied law, was admitted to the bar, and com- menced practice in Alstead. In 1826 he came to Claremont and was cashier of the first Claremont bank from its organization until 1842. He was town clerk from 1828 to 1838, and representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1840 and 1841. Subsequently he was for many years clerk in the treasury department at Wash- ington, D. C. THE BONDS. DANIEL BOND, Born in Natick, Mass., December 31, 1761, came to Claremont about 1775, and settled on the farm in the north part of the town, which, after his death, April 15, 1845, was divided between his two sons, George and Job. He married Kuth, daughter of Gideon Kirtland, and they had five children, three sons and two daughters. The sons were Daniel, George, and Job. DANIEL BOND, JR., Was born June 1, 1792, and died March 17, 1882. His grandfather, Gideon Kirtland, was one of the seven first settlers of the town. He bought four hundred acres of land, about half a mile northeast of the town house, and settled upon it. It embraced land now owned by the heirs of Leonard P. Fisher, the heirs of William E. Tutherly, the heirs of Melvin Proctor, and the widow of Dr. Har- vey M. Guild. Mr. Kirtland died April 15, 1805, and his wife about two years afterward. Daniel Bond, being one of the heirs, bought out the others, and his son, Daniel, in 1817, took posses- 402 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. sion and lived on the place until his death. The house, built by Mr. Kirtland, is one of the oldest in town. When built the shingles upon the house and barn were fastened Avith wooden pins, nails being very expensive. The fifty acres remaining of the home place and the buildings are now owned by the heirs of Daniel Bond, Jr., — Oliver A. Bond and his sisters, Mrs. Levi D. Hall, and Miss Ellen M. Bond — and the house is occupied by the latter. Daniel Bond, Jr., was a prominent Freemason for many years. GEORGE BOND, Son of Daniel Bond, senior, was born May 5, 1794, and died June 27, 1864 He was a good farmer and respected citizen. JOB BOND, Youngest son of Daniel Bond, senior, died September 11, 1876, on the farm in the north part of the town, where he Avas born May 5, 1794. He was a cultivated musician, and organist of the Congre- gational church for many years. DANIEL S. BOWKEK, Son of Elijah BoAvker, Avas born in Springfield, Vt., and died in Claremont, March 11, 1872, at an advanced age. He was an expert miller. He came to town in 18S7, carried on the Gilmore grist- mill, at West Claremont, scA^eral years, and afterward the Dexter mill, in the village. In 1860 he bought of the Adam Dickey estate the farm on Red Water brook, Avhich Avas first settled on by John Hitchcock, there lived the remainder of his life, and Avas succeeded by his son, Daniel N. Bowker, Avho has since lived there. This farm is the birthplace of a large family of Hitchcocks, Avho Avere prominent business men in this and other places for many years. Mr. BoAA'ker Avas actiA^e in tOAvn affairs for many j'ears ; selectman five years — 1849,1860, 1851, 1853, and 1854 — and chairman of the board three years. AVILLIAM BRECK, Son of Henry Breck, Avas born in Croydon, December 17, 1826, and died in Claremont, December 10, 1889. He Avas assistant post- WILLIAM BRECK. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 403 master in this town, under Alonzo B. Williamson, from 1844 to 1846 ; partner of his brother, John T. Breck, in trade at Cornish Flat, from 1848 to 1852, at the end of which time, by reason of asthmatic affection, he went to California, where he was in active mercantile business eight years, when, having recovered his health and acquired a considerable fortune, he returned to Claremont, which was ever afterward his home. For several years he was a director in the Claremont JSTational Bank, the Sullivan Savings In- stitution, and the Sugar River Paper Mill Company. He was a representative in the l^ew Hampshire legislature from 1883 to 1885. On October 7, 1868, he married Susan L., daughter of the late George N. Farwell, by whom he had one daughter, Sarah McDonald Breck. OSCAE J. BKOWN Was born at Hartford, Vt., October 22, 1808, and died in Clare- mont, March 27, 1892. His ancestors came from the state of Connecticut to Westmoreland, and from there removed to Hart- ford, Vt. His father, Amos BroAvn, died, leaving a widow and five young children — three sons and two daughters — of whom Oscar J. was the oldest, and became and continued during the life of each the adviser and helper of such of them as needed help, as long as he lived. In 1832 he commenced driving stage from Hanover to Royalton, Vt., twenty-five miles, and soon be- came proprietor of the line. In 1835 he came to Claremont and was part owner of the line of stages from Walpole to Chelsea, Vt., a distance of eighty-three miles, being himself one of the drivers. From time to time he was connected as owner and driver with different stage lines, having for partners Benj. P. Cheney, now of Boston, Nathaniel White, late of Concord, and Paran Stevens. From 1832 to 1885, with many changes of lines and routes, he was almost constantly connected with the staging and livery business — his last being as owner of the staging from Claremont village to the Junction and village rail- road stations. In all this period of fifty-three years he never met with a serious accident, injured a passenger, or killed a horse. He was known as a careful and expert driver. 404 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. In 1850 Mr. Brown erected a one-story wooden block of stores, on the corner of Pleasant and Sullivan streets, where Union block now is, and added two stories to it in 1854. This build- ing was destroyed by fire March 26, 1887. In 1860 he built the brick block on the opposite corner of Pleasant street, and other buildings and dwellings during his residence in the town. He was a strong, energetic man, and his life an active and always busy one. In 1849, when the Sullivan railroad was opened for business, Mr. Brown was the first passenger conductor on it, which po- sition he resigned after a few months' service. In 1857 and 1858, and in 1874 and 1875 he was a representative in the ISTew Hampshire legislature. To celebrate his eightieth birth- day, October 22, 1888, seventeen gentlemen among his older neighbors, in compliment to him, his age and reputation as a stage man, having provided a Concord stage-coach, with eight spirited gray horses attached to it, invited Mr. Brown to drive them to Windsor, Vt., for a dinner. In February, 1836, Mr. Brown married Miss Lavinia Porter, of Thetford, Vt., who died March 20, 1883, leaving to mourn her decease a husband and two children — Frank H. Brown, a member of the Sullivan county bar, and Susan Amanda, the wife of Henry Judkins. ABEL BUNNELL Came from Guilford, Conn., in 1775, and located on the west side of Green mountain, on what was afterward for many years the David Dodge farm, where he found a spring of good water. He brought his wife, one child, and everything else he pos- sessed on horseback. He brought some apple seeds in his pocket, planted them, and some of the trees are now living and bear fruit. He was twice married, and had eighteen chil- dren. His second wife was Mrs. Dodge, mother of the late David Dodge. He died September 27, 1847, at the age of eighty- nine years. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 405 EDWIN A. CHARLTON, Son of Walter Charlton, was born in Littleton, September 29, 1828, and at an early age came with his father's family to Clare- mont. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1854. He was for a time principal of Claremont academy, and taught in other schools. He was the author of the historical part of the book entitled "New Hampshire As It Is," published in 1855. He lives at Brodhead, Wis., and is editor of the Brodhead Inde- pendent. ST. REV. CARLTON CHASE, D. D., Son of Charles Chase, a well-to-do farmer, was born at Hopkin- ton, February 20, 1794. He graduated at Dartmouth College second in his class, in 1817. During the last year of his college course he was baptized at Hopkinton, and united with the Episco- pal church. He read theology at Bristol, R. I., under the direc- tion of Bishop Griswold; was made a deacon in December, 1818; from May to July, 1819, he officiated at Springfield, Mass., and in September of the same year cdmmenced his work at Bellows Falls, Vt, officiating one third of the time in St. Peter's church, Drewsville, N. H., for a year or more, after which his whole time was given to Immanuel church, Bellows Falls. He was ordained priest by Bishop Griswold, in Newport, E. I., on September 28, 1820. In 1839 he received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from the University of Vermont. He continued rec- tor of Immanuel church until April 7, 1844. On October 4, 1843, Dr. Chase was elected bishop of the diocese of New Hamp- shire. He removed to Claremont early in 1844, and in addition to his duties of bishop took charge as rector of Trinity church the first Sunday after Easter of that year, which he continued until 1863, when he relinquished it by reason of infirmities consequent upon advancing age, and the requirements of the diocese. He was consecrated bishop of the Protestant Episcopal church in the state of New Hampshire, in Christ church, Phila- delphia, by the Rt. Rev. Philander Chase, D. D., on Octo- ber 20, 1844. He died at his residence in Claremont on Janu- 406 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. ary 18, 1870. His funeral took place on the twenty-fifth, in Trinity church, and was attended by Bishops Williams, of Con- necticut, and Bissell, of Vermont; many Episcopal clergymen of this and other states; the clergymen of the town; the Ma- sonic fraternity, of which he had been for many years a revered member, and a large concourse of citizens of the different de- nominations, who loved him for his tolerance, uniform kindness, and many virtues. ARTHUR CHASE Was born at Bellows Falls, Vt., October 31, 1835. He was a son of Bishop Carlton Chase; graduated at Norwich University in 1856; read law with George Ticknor, in Claremont; gradu- ated at Cambridge Law School and was admitted to the bar in 1859. He was never much in the practice of his profession. He died suddenly IvTovember 20, 1888. DANIEL CHASE Came from Sutton, Mass., to Cornish, and removed from the latter place to Claremont in 1792. He kept a tavern on the north side of Sngar river, in a house next west of the Colonel Dexter place, and owned and drove a stage to Windsor, Vt. In 1794 he built the house on the south side of the river and opened it as a tavern the next year, which was known until after his death, which occurred December 2, 1840, as Daniel Chase's Tavern, and since April, 1841, as the Sullivan House. Mr. Chase was a Freemason, and in his hall this fraternity held their regular meetings for many years. He had thirteen children born to him while he kept this tavern. His oldest daughter was the wife of Austin Corbin, of ITewport, and the mother of Austin Corbin, the jSTew York banker and railroad official. DUDLEY T. CHASE, Son of Col. Leebbeus Chase, was born in Cornish, April 2, 1823. He fitted for college at Kimball Union Academy; gradu- f. BELA CHAPIN. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 407 ated at Dartmouth College, i-ind received the degrees of A. M. and A. B. in 1848 ; attended Yale Law School in the summer of 1847; read law with ex-Gov. Carlos Coolidge and Warren Currier, at Windsor, Vt. ; admitted to Windsor county, Vt., and Sullivan county bars in 1849, and as counselor, attorney, proctor, and solicitor at the United States circuit court, at Wind- sor, in 1859. He was located at Windsor and was in the active practice of his profession in Windsor and Sullivan counties from 1849 to 1863. In the latter year, on account of his impaired health, he gave up practice and removed to Claremont, where he has since been engaged in farming. liELA CHAriN, Born in Newport, February 19, 1829, is descended in the seventh generation from Deacon Samuel Chapin, who emigrated to this country and settled in Springfield, Mass., in 1642. His education was acquired in the public schools and Kimball Union Academy. In 1847 he came to Claremont and entered the office of the National Eagle, where he learned the print- ing business. Afterwards he worked as a compositor in Keene, Concord, and elsewhere. Then he returned to his native town, where he carried on farming a few years, then sold his farm and bought the Dartmouth Press printing establishment and bookbindery, at Hanover, where he remained as college printer until about 1870, when he sold his office and bookbindery and returned to Claremont and bought the farm where he has since lived, devoting his time to the cultivation of flowers, the raising of thoroughbred cattle, and to general farming. Mr. Chapin has employed his leisure hours among his books. He has a good library of more than a thousand volumes, which he has selected w^ith great care, embracing standard works of history, science, and literature. He has been a discriminating reader and industrious student, and, like some other printers, has been a writer of verses. While an apprentice he wrote sev- eral short poems, which were published and commended without 408 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. the author being known. He has been a contributor to various periodicals. Lyrics of his, with portrait and biographical sketchy are included in a large volume of American Poets, published a few years ago in Chicago, and he is also represented in vari- ous other collections — mostly published at the West. In 1883 he collected the material and compiled " The Poets of ISTew Hampshire," a volume of eight hundred pages, which was pub- lished by C. H. Adams, Claremont, IT. H., and met with a ready sale. He has made translations in Spenserian stanza from Virgil's ^neid, which have been well received, and more re- cently has completed a rhymed verse translation of the entire Eclogues of the same Roman poet. Appended is a single one of Mr. Chapin's many poetic effusions : A HYMN. O Lamb of God, who died for all, Thou who didst die for me. In penitence on thee I call, — Give me a hope in thee. Amid the vanities of life. Oh, keep my spirit free, From sin's allurements and from strife, And give me peace in thee. And may I oft in worship sweet Before thee bend the knee ; And do thou guide my wayward feet And grant me faith in thee. Forgive the wrong that I have done. Of whatso'er degree; And give me grace, thou Holy One, To spend my days for thee. Whatever ills my life betide Whate'er is mine to see. Oh, may I still in hope abide. And rest secure in thee. WILLIAM CLARK. HISTORY OP CLAKEMONT. 409 When my departing hour is near, Oh, joyful may it be To cross death's stream devoid of fear, Upheld, dear Lord, by thee. BURT CHELLIS, Son of Freeman S. Chellis, was born in Claremont, September 19, 1860. He graduated at Stevens High School in June, 1878, and at Dartmouth College in 1883. He read law in the office of BLernion Holt, and was admitted to the New Hamp- shire bar in June, 1883, soon after opened an office in Clare- mont, and has since been in practice here. He was elected moderator of the annual town meetings in 1887 and 1891, and in November, 1892, for two years. In 1890 he was elected county solicitor, and re-elected in 1892. WILLIAM CLARK, Son of Moses Clark, was born March 9, 1819, on the old road to Newport, about three miles from Claremont village, and lived in town until his death, which occurred May 30, 1883. He worked on his father's farm, attending schools in the dis- trict a few months each year, xmtil he reached his majority, when he engaared with Eufus Carlton in the butchering and, meat business, and subsequently with Philemon Tolles, on sal- ary^, and then on his own account, and with Henry C. Covvles as partner. In 1857 he disposed of his interest in the meat business and formed a copartnership with Albert H. Danforth, under the firm name of Clark & Danforth, in the wholesale Hour and grain trade, which he continued until 1871. In 1853 Mr. Clark was chosen one of the selectmen and held that office fifteen years, ten of which he was chairman of the board ; was county commissioner from 1864 to 1867, and town clerk from 1871 to 1873. As executor and administrator he settled several estates, — some of them large and complicated. In 1876 he was appointed judge of probate, which office he held until his death. 410 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT, IRA COLBY, Oldest son of the late Ira Colby, was born in Claremout, January 11, 1831. His parents came from Henniker, of which town his father was a native, and settled here in 1827. Both parents were of pure English descent. His father was a thrifty and highly respected farmer on Bible hill. He served the town as select- man in 1858 and 1859, and was representative in the Isew Hamp- shire legislature in 1872 and 1873, and died in 1873. His mother's family name was Foster, being a direct descendant from Reginald Foster, who came from Exeter, Devonshire, England, and settled in Ipswich, Essex county, Mass., in 1638. She was living in the fam- ily of her son Ira in 1894, at the age of ninety-one years. The sub- ject of this sketch was brought up on the Bible hill farm, with no advantages for acquiring an education other than those afforded by a public school in a back district, until he was seventeen years old. After this he attended Marlow academy' for a time, completed his academical course at Thetford, Vt, and entered Dartmouth College in 1853, graduating in 1857. During the winters, from the time he began his academical course to that of his graduation from college and for one year thereafter, he engaged in teaching, — first in his own state, and afterward in Massachusetts and "Waukesha, Wis. In 1858 he entered the office of Freeman & McClure, then the lead- ing lawyers of Claremont, as a student. After two years of study he was admitted, on examination, to the bar of Sullivan county. Mr. McClure died September 1, 1860, soon after which Mr. Free- man retired and Mr. Colby succeeded to the office and a large share of the business of the firm of Freeman & McClure. He had as partners Lyman J. Brooks and Alfred T. Batchelder — both now of Keene — three or four years each. With these exceptions he has been alone in business and occupied the same office, in the north end of the Farwell block, for more than thirty-five years. Several young men now in successful practice have read law with him. He has been a leading member of the Sullivan county bar almost ever since his admission to it ; has had a large and constantly increasing practice ; been engaged — generally as senior counsel — in the trial HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 411 of nearly every cause of any considerable importance before the courts in the county, and ranks with the first lawyers in the state as an advocate before the jury. In politics Mr. Colby is an active and influential Republican, and being of the dominant party in town, has been honored with many offices, all of which he has filled with ability and credit. He was representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1864, 1865, 1881, 1883, and 1887, and state senator in 1869 and 1870. He took a leading part in each branch in committees, and on the floor as a debater. From 1864 to 1888, with the excexition of two years, by appoint- ment and election, he held the office of solicitor for Sullivan county. He was delegate at large from New Hampshire to the Republican national convention in 1876. In 1889 he was appointed by the governor and council one of a commission of three to revise, codify, and amend the Public Statutes of New Hampshire, which were published in 1891. On the resignation of Judge Allen, in March, 1893, Mr. Colby was appointed associate justice of the supreme court, which position he declined. In 1867 he married Miss Louisa M. Way, by whom he had two children, — a son and a daughter. The latter died in early child- hood. The son, Ira Gordon Colby, graduated at Dartmouth Col- lege in 1894, and is now a student in the law department of Boston University. SAMUEL COLE "Was a graduate of Yale College in 1768, was among the earliest settlers of the town, often read the Episcopal service for several years, and was very capable and useful as an instructor of youth for a considerable period. He was a justice of the peace, and town clerk in 1771, 1772, and 1773. He died here October 19, 1777. JOHN COOKE. About 1779 Captain John Cooke came from Norton, Conn., with his wife, who was a Miss Godfrey, of Taunton, Mass., and five children, and bought the tavern stand and large and valuable 412 HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. meadow farm on the river road, about midway between the present village of Claremont and Windsor, Vt., which was long known as the Godfrey Cooke place, now owned by Erastus Reed. Their youngest son, Godfrey, was born here on July 22, 1780. The old tavern house was on the west side of the highway, and there it stood until 1858. After the death of Mr. Cooke, which oc- curred February 8, 1810, he was succeeded by his two sons, George and Godfrey. Under their management this tavern was famous, and said to have been the best kept one on the road between Keene and Haverhill. This was the regular stage road from Boston to northeastern Vermont. In June, 1825, when General Lafayette was on his tour through New England, and on the way from Concord into Vermont, it was arranged that he should pass a night at this hostelry, and a large number of Dartmouth College students were there to meet him. But by reason of the lateness of his arrival in town, he passed the night in the village, at the Tremont House. The next day, on their way to Windsor, the party called at the Cooke tavern, and Lafayette partook of some choice old wine. It was here that Paran Stevens, the famous American hotel proprietor and manager, is said to have received his first lessons in hotel keeping, under the direction of his uncle, Godfrey Cooke. There is a family tradition that a bushel of continental money changed hands when the old tavern house was bought, which, in view of the rapid depreciation of that currency about that time, proved a fortunate venture for Captain Cooke. The oldest daughter of Captain Cooke, Matilda, married Colo- nel Josiah Stevens, the father of Deacon Josiah, Godfrey, Alvah, and Paran Stevens, and his daughter Miranda married Samuel Fiske. Thus it will be seen that from two of Matilda Cooke's children the town has received liberal endowments to the Stevens High School and the Fiske Free Library. In 1825 Godfrey Cooke built the house shown in the illustration, now occup)ied by Erastus Reed. It is on the east side of the high- way, nearly opposite the site of the old tavern house. Of Captain Cooke's direct descendants, there is but one in the third gener- AMBROSE COSSIT. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 413 ation, Mrs. M. E. Partridge ; in the fourth generation, Mrs. Charles H. Long, Mrs. George F. Long, Miss Emma F. Cooke, and Miss M. E. Partridge ; in the fifth generation, Frederick S. and Mary E. Shepard, and John F. Long, all living in Claremont. Miss Emma F. Cooke is the only descendant bearing the name of Cooke. Edward A. Partridge, the husband of Mrs. M. E. Partridge, was a graduate of Dartmouth College in 1846, and as engineer, of Nor- wich University. He was an engineer on the Sullivan railroad while it was being built, and died in 1855. AMBKOSE COSSIT €ame from Granby, Conn., where he was born in 1749, to Clare- mont in 1767, when eighteen years old. He married Anna C, ■daughter of Samuel Cole, February 1, 1778. Before he was twenty-one years old he established a country store at what is now the corner of Broad and Chestnut streets, on the spot where Almon F. Wolcott's house now stands, and it is said brought the first barrel of flour into town. He bought the farm at the south end of Broad street, and lived there until his death, July 13, 1809. He was succeeded in the store, and as owner of the farm by his son, Ambrose — the late Judge Cossit — he by his son, John F., who spent his life there, and at his death by his onh' child, Henry A. Cossit, who now lives there. Ambrose Cossit, senior, was a justice of the peace, and as such, did a great deal of business, such as solemnizing marriages, making deeds, etc. He was seven times, from 1782 to 1791, elected selectman, and six times, from 1792 to 1797, town clerk. AMlUtOSE COSSIT Was born in Claremont on August 28, 1785 ; was a son of Am- brose Cossit, and at the centennial celebration, July 4, 1865, was the oldest native citizen in town. He was president of the Clare- mont bank from its organization, in 1848, until the organization was changed to the Claremont K"ational Bank, in 1864. He was selectman in 1823, 1824, and 1833, representative in the New 414 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Hampshire legislature in 1824, and postmaster from August 30, 1842, to April 17, 1843. He was appointed side or county justice of the courts for Sullivan county, January 8, 1833, and held that position until the office was abolished by the remodeling of the courts in 1855. He died April 7, 1866. DK. ALYAH R. CUMMINGS Was born in Acworth, August 27, 1826. He iitted for college at Marlow and Hancock academies. He studied medicine with Dr. William Grout at Camden, Ohio, and Dr. J. 'S. Butler at Lempster. He attended lectures and took the degree of M. D. at Dartmouth College in 1852. He practiced at Topsham, Vt, and Washington, ]Sr. H., three years ; in the winter of 1855-56 he attended a course of lectures at the New York Aledical College, and came to Clare- mont in March, 1856, and has been in practice here since that time. DAVID DEXTEK Was born in Smithfield, R. I., was a lineal descendant of Gregory Dexter and Eev. Charles Brown, of Providence, li. I. He was a captain in 1776 in Colonel Lippitt's regiment. Soon after the close of the war, probably between 1780 and 1790, he came to Clare- mont, married, and had several children. In 1800 he and his brother Stephen erected a dam across Sugar river, at the upper fall, put up suitable buildings for grist, saw, and oil mills, and a scythe shop, all of Avhicli were run by water. This scythe shop was the first established in these parts, and was a great wonder in those days. The scythe business was continued until 1824, and the other branches of business above named by the brothers until the death of David in 1831, when they were succeeded by the late Moses Wheeler, a son-in-law of David. The Dexters sub- sequently became interested in other maimfacturing enterprises in Claremont. Colonel David Dexter was an enterprising and influential citizen of the town for about fifty years. He was one of the selectmen of the town for thirteen years, between 1800 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 415 and 1818, and chairman of the board every year from 1810 to 1818, both years included ; representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1814, and each succeeding year up to and includ- ing 1820; moderator of town meeting many times, and a director in the Claremont bank several years. AURELIDS DICKINSON. Mr. Dickinson was born at Grranville, Mass., February 10, 1804, and died in Claremont, ISTovember 3, 1880. lie lived and labored on his father's farm until twenty-one years old, when he engaged as clerk in a leather store in Hartford, Conn., where he served a few years and then established himself in the business of a country store-keeper and was quite successful. In 1835 lie purchased the principal hotel at Amherst, Mass., which he kept until December, 1837, when the buildings were destroyed by fire with the most of their contents. With the insurance and the sale of the site he was not a heavy loser. In the spring of 1838 he came to Claremont and bought of the late Paran Stevens the Tremont House property, which he kept as a hotel continuously until 1850, and at intervals after that, until the buildings were burned, March 29, 1879. Pie was also interested in different stage lines until they were super- seded by railroads. He was one of the selectmen of the town a large share of the time succeeding 1852, and county commissioner from 1868 to 1871. Mr. Dickinson was a very careful and success- ful business man. LEMUEL DOLE, Son of David Dole, was born at Washington, October 20, 1814. He is a direct descendant from Eichard Dole, who came from Eng- land and settled in Newbury, Mass., in 1639. All of the Doles in this country, so far as known, are descendants of this Richard. Lemuel came to Claremont in 1842 and bought a farm in Pucker- shire and has resided in town since then. He lives now about a mile north of the village, on the east road to Cornish Flat. He has three sons, all living in town,— George W., engaged in the grocery 416 HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. busiuess ; Levi R., in the meat business; and Frank H., a farmer on the old Parmer Johnson farm on the west side of Green mountain. EDMUND DOLE, Son of David and brother of Lemuel Dole, was born at Washing- ton, January 11, 1817. He came to Claremont about 1850 and bought a farm in Puckershire, on the road to Newport, and has since resided there. He had two sons, — Charles H., who lives with his father, and John A., who died at Jamestown, Dakota, a few years ago. THE DUSTINS. According to Dr. IST. Bouton's History of Concord, Thomas Dus- tiu married Hannah, the oldest of fifteen children of Michael and Hannah Emerson, December 3, 1677. They had thirteen children, and their descendants in New Hampshire are quite numerous. It was this Hannah Dustin who became famous nearly two hundred years ago. During an incursion made by Indians upon Haverhill, Mass., on the 15th of March, 1697, a party attacked the house of Thomas Dustin, captured Mrs. Dustin in bed with an infant seven days old, and her nurse, Mary Nitf, dashed out the brains of the infant against a tree and set fire to the house. The captives were marched through the wilderness to the home of the Indians on a small island at the junction of the Contoocook river with the Merri- mack, near where the village of Penacook now is. In the night, ^\'hen the Indians were asleep, the two captive women, with the assistance of a boy who had been captured at Worcester, Mass., some time before, killed ten of the Indians by striking them upon the head, and the three captives escaped and returned to Haverhill. On the 21st of the following April the three went to Boston, car- rying with them the scalps of the Indians and other evidences of the exploit, and received as a reward from the General Court fifty pounds, and many valuable presents from others. A few years ago a monument was erected upon this island to the memory of Han- nah Dustin, and to mark the spot where, according to common tradition, this tragedy was enacted. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 417 TIMOTHY DUSTIN, A son of Thomas and lianuah Dustin, was born in Haverhill, Mass., September 14, 1694, and died in 1775. He had three sons, — Eliphalet, and Thomas and Timothy — twins. THOMAS AND TIMOTHY DUSTIN, Twins, sons of Thomas 2d and grandsons of Thomas and Hannah Dustiu, were born in 1745. They came to Claremont about 1770 and bought a tract of land on the south side of Sugar river, nearly opposite the site of the carpet factory, where they carried on brick- making for many years. They also owned, on the north side of the river, the farm afterward owned by Moody Dustin and that knowrt as the Norton place. Timothy occupied the former and Thomas the latter. Thomas was married to Sarah Barron, July 31, 1783, and they had ten children. Timothy was married to Eunice Nut- ting, August 17, 1773, and the}' had nine children. Timothy Dus- tin, his wife, and one daughter, died within twenty days, in Febru- ary and March, 1813, of spotted fever. MOODY DUSTIN, A son of Timothy and great-grandson of Thomas and Hannah Dustin, was born in Claremont, November 19, 1780, and died here August 29, 1860. He married Lucy Cowles, April 8, 1807, and they had nine children — three sons and six daughters. He settled on the farm on Green mountain now owned by Peter Haubrich, where he lived until 1834, when he removed to the farm at West Claremont, afterward owned by his son, the late Mighill Dustin, and now by the latter's daughter, Mrs. Charles Keith. Of the sons, "William, born December 2, 1811, died at Summer Hill, 111., October 12, 1873. Timothy, born July 18, 1823, died in Illinois, August 7, 1846. Of the daughters, Sarah M., born June 3, 1808, married William Haven, of Newport, and died there Feb- ruary 17, 1865. Alvira, born December 14, 1809, is the wife of Timothy B. Eossiter, of Claremont. They were married May 31, 1835, and both were living in 1894. Mary, born November 9, 418 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 1813, is the wife of Jonathan Wood of IUi}iois. Lucinda married Charles IST. Goss, of Claremont, and died September 23, 1888. Eveline, born April 11, 1828, is the wife of George W. Worthen, of Lebanon. Emeline, twin of Eveline, married Richard S. Howe, and died at Newport, May 27, 1880. MIGHILL DCSTIN, Son of Moody Dustin, was born in Claremont, December 18, 1820, and died here January 27, 1885. He married Mary E., daughter of the late Deacon Jonathan Whitcomb, who died May 25, 1890. They had one daughter, who is the wife of Charles Keith. Mr. Dustin was one of Claremont's most careful and successful farmers, and was the last of the name in town. DR. WINIFRED JI. DOWI.IN, Son of Marshall Dowlin, was born at JSTorth Adams, Mass., April 3, 1865. He graduated at the University of Vermont in July, 1891, taking the degree of M. D., and came to Claremont in Octo- ber, 1892, where he has since been engaged in the practice of his profession. TIMOTHY EASTMAN Came from Barnard, Vt., to Claremont in 1811, and engaged in the taiming business, on the north side of Sugar river, which he continued until his death, which occurred in 1859. He was also interested iu other important industries for nearly half a centurj'. He was a director in the Claremont bank, and president of the Sullivan Savings Institution. He had the reputation of being a man of cousiderable business ability and the strictest integrity. He married Eunice, daughter of Bill Barnes, and they had one son, Charles H. Eastman. CHARLES H. EASTMAN, Only child of Timothy Eastman, was born June 29, 1819, and died August 4, 1879. He was educated in the schools of Clare- HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 419 mont and vicinity. When but little more than twenty-one years old he commenced preparing himself for the ministry, and at the age of about twenty-four became a member of the ISTew Hamp- shire conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, and some more than five years preached at Manchester and other places, when by reason of an afl'ection of the throat he abandoned that calling and became a partner with his father in the tanning busi- ness. On the death of the latter he inherited his entire property, which was considerable, and continued the tanning business until his death. He was representative in the ISTew Hamp- shire legislature in 1861 and 1862, and member of the governor's council in 1863 and 1864. He was three times married — first, to Harriet King, by whom he had one son, Charles E., for six years teller in the Claremont National bank, Avho died at an early age; his second wife, Abby King, was sister of the first, and his third was Julia A. Diggens, to whom he was married January 1, 1873. She survived her husband and is still living. After his death she presented to the Methodist society in this town a handsome and commodious chapel, which is called the Eastman Memorial Chapel. BARNABAS ELLIS "Was one of the first settlers of the town. He came from He- bron, Conn., in the early spring of 1767. Josiah Willard, one of the grantees of the town, conveyed to Mr. Ellis one of the seventy-five proprietors' shares of land, located on Town hill, the deed being dated May 29, 1767. lie lived there until his death, June 26, 1838, at the age of ninety-three years. He was suc- ceeded by his youngest son, William, who was born, always lived, and died on that farm, August 29, 1880, since which it has been owned by his son, William Barnabas. Thus it will be seen that this farm has been owned by three generations of Ellises, father, son, and grandson, one hundred and twenty-seven years — all hon ored and respected citizens. In 1769 Barnabas Ellis and Elizabeth Spencer were married, this being the first wedding in town. Mr_ 420 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Ellis was a lieutenant in the Continental army, was with Ethan Allen's expedition against Ticonderoga and Crown Point in 1775, and served as a lieutenant under Gen. Stark, in the battle of Bennington, August 16, 1777. He was one of the selectmen in 1796 and 1797, and held other minor offices in town. WILLIAM ELLIS, Youngest son of Barnabas Ellis, born on Town hill in 1807. At the death of his father lie succeeded to the farm where he was born, always lived, and died August 29, 1880. He was a good farmer and reputable citizen. Eor many years he was warden ■of Union church, and was representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1869. CALEB ELLIS Was born at "Walpole, Mass., in 1767; graduated at Harvard College in 1793 ; read law in the office of Hon. Joshua Thomas, of Plymouth, Mass. ; settled in Claremont about 1800. In 1804 he was chosen a member of congress from New Hampshire. In 1809 and 1810 he was a member of the executive council. In 1811 he was elected state senator; in 1812 elector of president and vice-president; and in 1813 he was appointed one of the judges of the supreme judicial court of New Hampshire, which office he held until his death. May 9, 1816. In February, 1816, he married Nancj^, daughter of Hon. Robert Means, of Amherst, N. H. He built the house near the south end of Bi-oad street, which was purchased hj J. S. "Walker in 1860. At his death Judge Ellis left a will, in which he bequeathed *' five thousand dollars to the Congregational society of Clare- mont, for constituting a fund, the interest of which shall be an- nually appropriated to the support of the Christian ministry." Eev. Stephen Farley, minister of the Congregational church, delivered a sermon on the occasion of the funeral of Judge Ellis, taking for a text Proverbs x. 7 : " The memory of the just is blessed." In the course of this eloquent and somewhat remark- able sermon the preacher said : HISTORY OF CLAEBMONT. 421 Although he has left the world, his memory continues in it, and will long survive his decease. His memory is blessed. If there be any justice in the present and succeeding generations, the name of the man whose remains are now before us will be held in most cordial, grateful, and honorary remem- brance. The Hon. Caleb Ellis was a man distinguished for native vigor and capa- ciousness of miud. The God of nature formed him capable of high mental attainments and great intellectual effort. For strength of intellect, accuracy of discrimination, soundness of judgment, and propriety of taste he attained an extraordinary eminence. His native superiority of mind was improved by very extensive cultivation. His learning was various, profound, and general. . . . Concerning his professional character, I shall not attempt a particular delin- eation. It is sufficient that I say, as an attorney, as a legal counselor, as an advocate, as a statesman, and as a justice of the supreme judicial court, his worth is generally known, acknowledged, and admired. In private life Mr. Ellis was eminently inoffensive, amiable, and exemplary. He wronged no one; he corrupted no one; he defrauded no one; he slighted no one ; he injured no one. His treatment and attention towards persons of dif- ferent classes were marked with the strictest propriety, justice, and liberal gener- osity. He gave them all satisfaction and enjoyed their cordial esteem. In freedom, not only from all vice, but also from common faults, he attained an eminent distinction. There were no censurable excesses, no despicable defi- ciencies, no unamiable habits about him. His moral integrity was like tried gold. Many of the most frequent imperfections of human nature were but faintly discovered in his heart and life. At the opening of the trial term of the supreme judical court for Grafton county at Haverhill, in May, 1816, Chief Justice Jeremiah Smith read a sketch of the character of Judge Ellis, in which he said : Since the commencement of the present circuit it has pleased the Almighty Disposer of all events to remove one of the judges of this court by death. If living, he would have filled the place I now occupy. It is believed that this is the first instance of the death of a judge of the supreme court, while in office, since the adoption of the present constitution, and, indeed, since the Revolution. Though the whole number who have served during this period has been nearly thirty, and more than half that number have paid the debt of nature, yet they have generally quitted the office before age had made retirement from the active scenes of life necessary. Nature endowed Judge Ellis with a mind at once ingenious, discriminating, and strong. Without education he would doubtless have attracted no small 422 HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. share of the esteem and confidence of those within the circle of his acquaint- ance. But his great modesty would probably have concealed him from public notice. Fortunately, it was otherwise ordained ; and he received the best edu- cation our country could give. He was graduated at Cambridge in 1793, and left that distinguished university with a high character for learning, morals, and general literature. Perhaps no student ever left a lawyer's office with a larger and better stock of law knowledge. He commenced practice in this state. Soon after his admission to the bar of the supreme court, in the county of Cheshire, I well recollect his argument in a case of some difficulty and importance, and the remark of a gentleman, then at the head of the bar, and who seldom errs in his judgment of men, "that Mr. Ellis would soon be numbered among the most valuable and respectable members of the profession." When the new judiciary system was formed, in 1813, the best informed of all parties named Mr. Ellis for the office of judge of this court. The merit of the executive of that day, in relation to this appointment, was in concurring in that nomination. Mr. Ellis was an independent and impartial judge. . . . His mind was too lofty to enter into any calculations foreign to the merits of the cause in the discharge of his official duties ; neither the merits nor de- merits of the parties nor their connections, however numerous or powerful, could have any influence with him. I am sensible that this is very high praise, • — a praise which could not, in truth, be bestowed on all good men, nor even on all good judges. But it is praise which Mr. Ellis richly merited. JOHN T. EMERSON, Son of the late Jonathan Emerson, was born in Claremont, March 9, 1834. When eighteen years old he entered the store, at the south end of the upper bridge, of the late Charles Farwell, as clerk, where he remained a few months, when he went into a mill at "Westminster, Mass., to learn the business of paper making. Soon after the completion of his apprenticeship he took charge of a paper mill at Leominster, Mass., in which position he con- tinued eight years, during which time he built a mill at Fitch- burg, Mass., where he furnished the plans, superintended the building of the mill, and had charge of both three years, until 1867, at which time the Sugar River paper mill in Claremont was being built. Mr. Emerson became a stockholder in the com- pany, and was given charge as superintendent and agent of the mill, which position he still holds. JOHN T. EMERSON, HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 423 HARRIET N. FARLEY "Was the sixth of ten children of the Rev. Stephen Farley, pastor of the Congregational church in Claremont from 1806 to 1819. "When still a young girl she became an operative in a factory at Lowell. In 1841, while thus employed, she started and edited the Lowell Offering, or Factory Operatives' Magazine, subse- quently became its owner and publisher, and so continued several years. It had, under her management, a circulation of more than four thousand copies. She gave an autobiographic account of her early life, which was published thirty years ago in Mrs. Hale's " "Woman's Record." Among other things she said : My father is a Congregational clergyman, and at the time of my birth was settled in the beautiful town of Claremont, in the state of New Hampshire. Though I left this place when six years of age, I still remember its natural beauties, which even then impressed me deeply. The Ascutuey mountain, Sugar river with its foaming falls, the distant hills of Vermont, all are in my memory. My mother was descended from the Moodys, somewhat famous in New England history. One of them was the eccentric and influential Father Moody. Another was Handkerchief Moody, the one who wore, so many years, " the minister's veil." One was the well known Trustee Moody, of Dumwell academy, who educated my grandmother. She was a very talented and esti- mable lady. In 1848 Miss Farley published a volume chiefly made up of her contributions to the Lowell Offering, entitled " Shells from the Strand of the Sea of Genius." She married John Donelery, of Philadelphia, after which but little was known of her by her New England friends. NICHOLAS FAKWELL, The first of the family in Claremont, was born May 5, 1781, and came from Packersficld — now Nelson — in 1802, settled on Town hill, where he had a shoemaker's shop and carried on the business in a small way until 1813, when he removed to the village, commenced manufacturing women's shoes, and sold them to country merchants. The business grew gradually under his 424 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. management until he employed more than a hundred hands. He left it to his sons, George N". and William H. Farwell, about 1828, and engaged in manufacturing cotton and in other kinds of business. He was the first cotton manufacturer in town, and director in the first Claremont bank, and also in the one organized in 1848 by the same name. He married Susan Corey in 1803, by whom he had thirteen children, but two of whom, Russell W. Farwell, now living at Rutland, Vt., and the widow of Geoi-ge W. Blodgett, of this town, are now living. He built the house on Broad street, now owned and occupied by Hermon Holt, where he died, October 1-3, 1852. His widow- continued to occupy the house until her death, which occurred September 25, 1860. GEOKGB N. FARWELL, The oldest of thirteen children of Nicholas and Susan (Corej-) Farwell, was born on Town hill, February 18, 1804. He had learned the trade of a shoemaker in his father's shop, and soon after reaching his majority went to St. Albans, Vt., where he commenced the business of shoe manufacturing, but after about fifteen months, in 1827, he returned to Claremont and Avent into partnership with his father and brother, William H. Far- well, in the shoe and mercantile business. After two or three years the firm was dissolved, the father retiring, William H. taking the mercantile business and Geoi'ge N. the shoemaking, in which, by himself and with Lewis Perry and his brother, Russell W. Farwell, as partners, he continued until 1858, a period of more than thirty years, when he sold out to Russell W. George N. Farwell was a director in the first Claremont bank, which wound up its business between 1844 and 1846. In 1848 a new bank, under the same name, was chartered, and Mr. Farwell was chosen a director and Uriel Dean, cashier. In April, 1851, Mr. Dean resigned and Mr. Farwell was elected in his place, which position he held until March, 1856, when he resigned, and his son, John L. Farwell, who had been assistant GEORGE N. FARWELL. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 425 cashier since March, 1853, was elected cashier. November 22, 1864, the organization was changed from a state to a national bank, and George IST. Farwell was elected president, which po- sition he held until his death. He was representative in the Few Plampshire legislature in 1868 and 1869. In 1854 he built the brick block on the east side of Tremout square, which bears his name, and subsequently extended it on the south side of Tremont street; in 1851 he built the brick house at the corner of Broad and Putnam streets, where he passed his last years, and several others in town. Mr. Farwell married Sarah A. McDonald, of Middlebury, Vt., December 27, 1827, by whom he had three children — .James H., who died February 26, 1889; John L., and Susan L., the widow of William Breck. Mrs. Farwell died February 11, 187C, and her husband survived lier until February 24, 1887, when he died, at the age of eighty-three years. JOHN L. FAKWELL, Second son of George N. and Sarah A. Farwell, was born in Claremont, March 1, 1834. When nineteen years old he was made assistant cashier of the Claremont bank, and succeeded his father as cashier in 1856, which position he held until Octo- ber, 1881, when he was elected vice-president, and his son, George N. Farwell, then second, succeeded to the cashiership. On March 15, 1887, on the death of his father, John L. Far- well was elected president of the Claremont jSTational bank, which position he now holds. On January 2, 1856, his father having resigned that office, he was elected treasurer of the Sul- livan Savings Institution; resigned February 7, 1874; was suc- ceeded by Albert Rossiter, who resigned December 27, 1882, and Mr. Farwell was again elected treasurer and has since held that position. He is also a director and treasurer of the Sugar Eiver Paper Mill Company. In 1874 and 1875 he was a representa- tive in the New Hampshire legislature. 426 HISTORY OF CLAUBMONT. , GEORGE N. FAKWEIX, Named for his grandfather, is the oldest son of John L. Far- well. He was born January 3, 1858. When in his minority he entered the Glaremont National bank as teller. On the election of his father vice-president, in October, 1881, he was chosen cashier, which position he has since held. lie is also a director in this bank and in the Sullivan Savings Institutioc. In 1887 he built a large and handsome house on the west side of Broad street, where he now lives. HARKY C. FAY, Son of IsTathau, and great-grandson of John Fay, who was killed in the battle of Bennington, Augu-st 16, 1777, was born in llichmond, Vt., November 30, 1830. He learned the printer's trade in Montpelier, Yt. ; was editor and publisher of the Cou- rier and Freeman, Potsdam, N. Y., from 1849 to 1861; post- master from 1856 to 1861 ; commissioned captain in the Ninety- second Regiment New York State Yolunteers in September, 1861, and served throu2;h the War of the Eebellion. He was in command of the regiment as senior captain when it was mus- tered out of the service, in 1865. He came to Claremont in 1872, has been editor and publisher of the National Eagle since 1880, and was representative in the New Hampshire leg- islature in 1887. LEONARD P. FISHEK, Son of Josiah, and grandson of Abram Fisher, who came from Natick, Mass., to Claremont in 1785, was born October 6, 1807, in the house on Washington street, where he died December 6, 1892. His grandfather, Abram, was a cabinet maker by trade and pursued that avocation for years. He had a small farm and a cidermill, which was run by water power. He died February 3, 1851. Josiah, son of Abram, and father of Leonard P., died in York, Livingston county, N. Y., in 1854. Leonard P., when about ten years old, joined his father in what was u 2 UJ Q Q < < a; z < u- HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 427 then the wilderness of New York state, and was brought up in the lumber business. In 1829 he came back to Claremont, to make his home with his grandfather, remained with him until his death, and inherited his property, which was a moder- ate fortune for that time. Mr. Fisher was a busy man; built many houses for himself and others ; was liberal in many things and encouraged by his means and in other ways everything tending to the growth and prosperity of the town. At his death he left a widow and five surviving children — four sons and one daughter. SAMUEL FISKE, Graduated at Harvard University in the class of 1793, came from Brookfield, Mass., to Claremont in 1794, and died December 30, 1834, at the age of sixty-five years. He was an active and enter- prising citizen for forty years ; was engaged in mercantile business and manufacturing of various kinds, among which was print paper, under the firm of Fiske & Blake, successors in that business of Josiah Stevens, the first paper-maker in the then Cheshire county. Mr. Fiske was selectman in 1800 and 1801 ; town clerk seventeen years, from 1800 to 1816 inclusive ; representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1814 and 1816, and state senator in 1815. He built the large house corner of Broad and Summer streets, and there died. SAMUEL FHILLIl^S Jb'ISKE, Son of Samuel Fiske, was born ISTovember 17, 1800, and died in the house where he was born, February 8, 1879. His active life was spent in mercantile business in Claremont, in partnership with his father and others, — among them the late Amos J. Tenney, — under the firm of Fiske, Tenney & Co., and James P. Brewer, under the firm of Fiske & Brewer. He acquired by inheritance and in busi- ness a comfortable fortune, and having no children to inherit it, in his lifetime he founded a library which, by vote of the town, was named the Fiske Free Library, and by the conditions imposed by 428 HISTOEY OF CLAREMONT. Mr. Fiske was to be for the free use of all the inhabitants of the town. By his will he bequeathed to the library five thousand dol- lars, to be expended for books, — any amounts that he might have so expended in his lifetime to be deducted from this sum, — the balance remainiug at his death to be expended by the five trustees which had been named by him. In addition to this sum he left four thousand dollars, and his wife, Miranda Stevens Fiske, who died May 26, 1882, one thousand dollars as a pei-manent fund, to be invested and cared for by the trustees, the interest of which was to be used by them for the purchase of books. Thus Mr. and Mrs. Fiske have erected a monument bearing their name, which it is hoped will stand forever. PHILANDEK CHASE FREEMAN Was born in Plainfield, August 27, 1807, and died in Claremont, April 20, 1871. He was a son of Benjamin Freeman, also a native of Plainfield. He graduated at Kenyon College, Gambler, Ohio, in 1825; read law with J. H. Hubbard at Windsor, Vt., and for a short time was associated with him in business. He removed to Claremont in 1835, where he was in active practice until within a few years of his death. He had for partners at different times A. B. Williamson, Samuel W. Fuller, and lastly Milon C. McClure. He was a representative in the New Hampshire legislature, and several years justice of the police court. SAMUEL \V. KULLER, Son of Francis E. Fuller, was born at Hardwick, Vt., April 25, 1822, and died in Chicago, 111., October 25, 1873. He read law in the oflice of Philander C. Freeman, in Claremont; was admitted to Sullivan county bar in 1849; was in practice here until 1852, when he removed to Illinois and settled in Chicago in 1856, where he became quite eminent in his profession and attained a high position in the state and United States courts by his legal learning and ability. PHILANDER C. FREEMAN. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 429 ALEXANDER GARDINER Was bom at Catskill, N. Y., July 27, 1833; fitted for college at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden ; studied law with Shea & Rich- ardson, New York city ; admitted to the bar in that city in 1856 ; was in Kansas about two years during the political troubles there ; came to Claremont in the spring of 1859, and opened a law office with Edwin Vaughan ; continued in practice until September, 1862, when he was commissioned lieutenant in the Fourteenth Regiment of ISTew Hampshire Volunteers; promoted to major September 12, 1863, and to colonel of that regiment September 12, 1864. In the battle of Winchester, Va., September 19, 1864, Colonel Gardiner was mortally wounded ; he remained in the hands of the enemy five hours, when the Union troops regained the ground and recov- ered the dead and wounded. He died of his wounds October 8, 1864, and his remains were buried in Claremont. .TAMES M. GATES, 'Son of Abel Gates, born in Cornish, October 30, 1808, commenced the practice of law in Claremont in 1835, which he continued until his death, April 8, 1854. He had a considerable reputation as advocate, and good standing as a counselor. He represented the town in the New Hampshire legislature in 1845 and 1846, and was conspicuous on the floor of the house and in committees. LEONARD AND HUIAM GILMORE, Sons of Hon. Gawen Gilmore, of Acworth, came to Claremont in 1826, bought the Tyler mills at West Claremont, and from that time until 1841 carried on an extensive business in making axes and other edge tools, employing quite a number of men. Their tools had a good reputation and had a large sale. They also had orist and saw mills on the north side of the river. In 1858 Hiram removed to Montreal, and was engaged with his sons in the manu- facture of augers and bits at Cote St. Paul, near Montreal, Canada. He died November 12, 1862, and his wife, Mindwell McClure, died 430 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. at Cote St. Paul, July 14, 1877. Both were buried at West Clare- mont. Leonard Gilmore was for several years engaged in mercan- tile business with Ilock Hills, and postmaster at West Claremont from 1847 to 1861. He died December 10, 1876, his wife, Sarah M., sister of the late Solon C. Grannis, having died January 10, 1875. The Gilmores were prominent and influential men in town in their time. Hiram Gilmore's two sons, Hiram Gawen and Charles Homer, learned the edge tool business of their father and are engaged in manufacturing augers and bits at Cote St. Paul. ERASTOS GLIDDEN, A son of Jonathan Glidden, was born March 26, 1792, on that part of Bible hill which was then in the town of Unit}^, but was set off on to Claremont by act of the legislature in 1828. He lived upon the farm where he was born until 1838, which was afterward for many years owned by Joshua Colby and his son Henry ; came to the village and built the brick house on the west side of Pleasant street, where George H. Stowell's house now is, which was burned in 1864. He owned the tract of land west of Pleasant street, between Myrtle street and the Concord and Claremont railroad, and extending west to Mulberry street. This tract which he carried on as a farm is now covered by West Summer, Prospect, and Tyler streets, and fully occupied with dwelling-houses, all handsome, and some of them expensive and elegant. In 1830 'Sir. Glidden was brigadier-general and commanded the Fifth Brigade of ISfew Hamp- shire militia. He was elected cashier of the first Claremont bank on the retirement of James H. Bingham in 1842, and continued until its business was fully closed up in 1846. He was a represent- ative in the Xew Hampshire legislature in 1835, 1838, and 1839, and was often called upon to preside over public gatherings. Pie is said to have had a remarkable memory, and could repeat verba- tim long speeches after having read them once or twice. He w^as a prominent and honored citizen. He died in November, 1866, and was buried beside the remains of his first wife, at North Charlestown. '^ • ' ,'j;? *4* VV ,- ERASTUS GLIDDEN. f %!?*• ' HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 431 CHATtLES E. GLIDPEN, The only son of the late Gen. Erastus Glidden, was boi-n on the farm on Bible hill, December 4, 1835. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and settled in Warren, Trumbull county^ Ohio. In 1861 he was elected judge of the court for his county for five years ; was re-elected without opposition for another term of five years, at the end of which he was tendered a third nomina- tion, hut on account of ill health declined it. He died at Rox- bury, Mass., June 14, 1882, at the age of forty-six years. EDWARD L. GODDARD, Son of Capt. JSTichols -Goddard, was born at Rutland, Vt., June, 1808, and died at Thomasville, Ga., March 30, 1880, where he went on account of impaired liealth. He was buried in Clare- mont. He worked as clerk in stores in Rutland, and Boston and Few Bedford, Mass., from the time that he was fifteen until twen- ty-four years old, when he formed a copartnership with his brother- in-law, Simeon Ide, at Windsor, Vt, which continued a few years. In 1837 he came to Claremont and engaged as book-keeper for the Claremont Manufacturing Company, of which Mr. Ide was agent and treasurer. In 1858 Mr. Ide disposed of his interest, declined those ofiices, and Mr. Goddard, having bought of the stock of the company, was elected agent and treasurer, in place of Mr. Ide, and continued in those positions until 1867, when, after thirty years' connection with the company, he retired from the active manage- ment of its afl:airs. He was prominent as a business man in the town, in the Congregational church, of which he was for many years a member, and in many other ways, from 1837 until his death. In 1868 he was chosen one of the five electors for JSTew Hampshire of president and vice-president of the United States, and Avas representative in the legislature in 1869. In July, 1833, he married Elizabeth Worth, of !N"antucket, Mass., by whom he had seven children, four of whom survive, viz. : the Rev. Edward N. Goddard, rector of the Episcopal church at Windsor, Vt. ; 432 HISTORY OF OLAEBMONT. Alice B., wife of Moses R. Emersou, of Boston; George W. Goddard, of New York city, and Elizabeth Worth. His wife died May 7, 1852. On June 13, 1855, he married Elizabeth P., daughter of the late Rev. ChristoiDher Marsh, of Jamaica Plain, Mass., by whom he had one son — Christopher M. Goddard, of Boston. NATHANIEL GOSS Came from Winchester to Claremont about 1775 and settled on the farm west of the Charlestown road, two miles south of the village, afterward owned by his son Joel, then by his grandson, Charles N"., and now by George P. Rossiter. He had eight chil- dren — two sons, Nathaniel and Joel, and six daughters. He died June 25, 1824, at the age of seventy -three years, and his widow on March 29, 1840, at the age of eightj'-seven years. He was select- man in 1787. JOEL GOSS, Son of Nathaniel, was born Januar}^ 30, 1782, and died January 4, 1833, on the farm where he was born and always lived. He was the father of the late William and Charles N. Goss, an excel- lent farmer, prominent citizen, and selectman in 1820, 1821, 1822, and 1831. TIMOTHY GliANNIS Came from North Haven, Conn., and settled in Claremont in 1769. He married a daughter of Dr. William Sumner, by whom he had seven children. She died June 25, 1789, and he married for his second wife Sarah Nye, of Tolland, Conn., and they had four children born to them. On July 4, 1888, appeared in the Clare- mont Advocate half a column of blank verse, headed " Ascut- ney. Written on the top of Ascutney mountain, in October, 1804, by Timothy Grannis." He died May 7, 1827. TIMOTHY GRANNIS, JR., Oldest son of Timothy Grannis, was born June 30, 1772, married Phebe, daughter of Ebenezer Rice, and lived on what has since HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. 433 been known as the Samnel Carleton farm, at the west part of the town. They had five children, Solon C, Laurens A., Homer P., Sarah M., and Samuel R., all of whom are dead, except Laurens A., born in 1802, and is now living in Guildhall, Vt. Timothy Grannis, Jr., was quite prominent in town in his time. He was selectman eight years, from 1821 to 1829, and representative in the legislature for the years 1829, 1830, 1831, and 1832. SOLON C. GRANNIS, Oldest son of Timothy Grannis, Jr., was born on the Samuel Carleton farm, at the west part of the town, in August, 1801. "When but little more than twenty years old he married N"ancy Spaulding and went to live on the large farm where she had been brought up b}- her uncle, about a mile north from his birthplace, there lived more than seventy years, and there died on the sev- enth of March, 1892. They had six children, five of whom are living. Of the sons, Joseph S. is a lawyer, at Cleveland, Ohio; Homer E. owns considerable real estate in the northwest part of the town and has a lumber mill on Red Water brook ; and George C. lives on a good farm adjoining that of his father. Of the daughters, the oldest was the wife of the late Chester P. Smith, and died young ; the second is the wife of Daniel E". Bowker, a farmer living on Red Water brook ; and the youngest lived with and cared for her father through his declining years. The sub- ject of this sketch was five times, from 1843 to 1852, both inclu- sive, elected one of the selectmen of the town, and was chairman of the board several years. He was representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1861. From early age Mr. Grannis was a member of Union Episcopal church, and warden more than fort}' years preceding his death. He was an excellent farmer, an extensive and intelligent reader ; authority in matters relating to the early history of the town, and much respected. BR. LELA.ND ,T. GRAVES, Son of David J. Graves, was born at Berkshire, Vt., May 24, 1812. He was educated in the public schools and Chester, Cavendish, and 434 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Ludlow, Vt., academies; attended lectures at Woodstock, Vt., and graduated from the medical department of Dartmouth College, May 10, 1842. Soon after his graduation he located at Langdon, and had an extensive practice in that town and vicinity. In 1868 he removed to Claremont with his family, intending to retire from general practice, but responded to calls from his old patrons in the south part of the county. He died February 22, 1891. He was a prominent Freemason, and his burial was attended with high Ma- sonic honors. THE HANDERSONS. — GIDEON HANDEKSON Was a son of Gideon Handerson. He was born at Amherst, Mass., October 9, 1753, and died here July 10, 182.5. He married Abigail Church, of Amherst, January 1, 1778, and the following year, with his wife and infant son Phiuehas, removed to Claremont. They came through the woods on horseback, Mrs. Handerson carrying her infant in her arms. Mr. Plandersou engaged in the tanning and currying business, at the north side of Sugar river, a few rods east of the present residence of Edwin W. Tolles ; continued it until his death, and was .succeeded in that business by his son Rufus. He was one of the selectmen seven years, from 1791 to 1805, both years inclusive. Mrs. Handerson died June 2-3, 1846. They had two children, Phinehas and Kufus. This G-ideon Han- derson was a soldier in the War of the Revolution, in the compan}- of Capt. Noadiah I^eonard, which was attached to Col. R. Wood- bury's regiment. The most of this regiment was engaged in the battle of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775. PHINEHAS IIAXDEKSUN, Son of Gideon, was born at Amherst, Mass., December 13, 1778. He came to Claremont with his parents in 1779. He studied law with George B. ITpham, was admitted to the bar in 1804, and opened an office at Chesterfield in 1805 or 1806, where he continued in the practice of his profession until 1833, when he removed to Keene, and there was in practice until his death, Mnrch 16, 1853. He was HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 435 one of the selectmen of Chesterfield in 1811, representative from that town in the ISTew Hampshire legislature in 1812, 1813, and 1815; state senator in 1816, 1817, 1823, 1831, and 1832; and mem- ber of the executive council in 1841 and 1842. He also was a rep- resentative from Keene in 1843 and 1849. At the time of his death he was president of the Cheshire county bar, and was one of the oldest practicing lawyers in New Hampshire. RUFUS IIANDERSON, Son of Gideon, was born in Claremont, December 13, 1781, and died October 16, 1829. He married Betsey Munger, November 20, 1803, who died March 20, 1853. They had live children, two of whom died in infancy. The three that lived to maturity were Frederick W., born April 5, 1806, and died May 4, 1862; Horace P., born June 6, 1811, and died August 26, 1867; and Lucius R, born February 18, 1819. He removed to Vergennes, Vt, in 1869. Rufus Handerson carried on the tanning and currying business from the death of his father until he died, and was succeeded in the business by his son, Horace P., who continued it for a few years. Mr. Handerson was moderator of the annual town meetings nine years, from 1819 to 1829 ; selectman eight years, from 1813 to 1829 ; and representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1822, 1823, 1824, and 1826. ICHABOD HART Was born in Connecticut in 1780, and died in Brattleboro', Vt., December 1, 1874. He came from Charlestown to Claremont in 1813, and settled on the farm in the west part of the town, now occupied by his grandson, Oliver C. Hart, where he lived until within a few years of his death. He was by trade a carpenter and brick mason, a useful and respected citizen. He had eleven chil- dren, two of whom, Josiah Hart, of West Claremont, and Thomas Hart, of the village, are now living. Ichabod Hart was in New York in 1807, when Robei-t Fulton's steamboat Clermont was launched and made her trial trip on Hudson river. Mr. Hart asked 436 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Mr. Fulton if he could go with him, and the latter replied that he could if he went. This was the first successful steamboat trip ever made in this country if not in the world. ICHAEOD HITCHCOCK Came from what was then a part of New Haven, Conn., to Clare- mont, with Bill Barnes in 1772. He bought and settled on the farm a little more than a mile north of the village, the same now owned by Frederick P. Smith. This farm continued to be owned and occupied by Mr. Hitchcock and his son Samuel and his grand- sou "William for more than a hundred years. He was a master builder, and as such and in other ways a useful and valued citizen. He died Xovember 24, 1838, at the age of eighty-nine years. He had eleven children, ten of whom were born in this town, and all but three of them died in infancy or when quite young. Those that reached maturity were : Samuel, the father of Ichabod and William, both of whom died several years ago; and Amos, the father of Henry A. Hitchcock, for many years a prominent citizen of Walpole,and state senator in 1S72 and 1874, who has since died; Alexander V. Hitchcock, now living at Xewport, register of deeds for Sullivan county several jears, and representative from that town in the New Hampshire legislature ; and the widow of George AYal- lingford, now living in Claremont. HERMON HOLT Was born at Woodstock, Vt, September 7, 1845 ; fitted for college at Kimball Union Academy ; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1870 ; read law with Judge B. H. Steele, of Vermont, and Ira Colby, of this town ; admitted to the Sullivan county bar in 1873, and has since been in practice in Claremont. He was a representa- tive in the New Hampshire legislature in 1890 and 1891, and state senator in 1895 and 1896. DR. JAMES r. HOLT Was born in Claremont, June 19, 1853, and is a son of James Holt, late sheriff of Sullivan county. He graduated at Stevens High REV. JAMES B. HOWE. HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. 437 School in June, 1873 ; entered the drug store of Dr. W. M. Ladd and remained there about four years, the last two years of -which time and the following year he studied medicine with Dr. 0. B. Way. He took a medical course at Dartmouth College and gradu- ated there October 30, 1877. He then commenced practice in Claremont and continued until September, 1880, when he entered the Hartford Hospital, Plartford, Conn., and was there one year, — six months as assistant and six months as house physician and sur- geon. At the end of this time he returned to Claremont and resumed practice. In May, 1884, he bought a half interest in the drug store of Dr. W. j\I. Ladd. Dr. Ladd having died, he became sole proprietor in July, 1885, and continues the business and the practice of his profession. ASA HOLTON, Son of Jonathan Holton, born at Charlestown in ISTovember, 1786, and died in Claremont, March 4, 1840. He read law in his native town in the office of ex-Governor Henry Hubbard ; was admitted to the bar in 1815 ; practiced at Lempster about two years and then removed to Claremont, wdiere he spent the remainder of his life in the active practice of his profession. He was town clerk in 182o> 1826, and 1827. THE KEV. JAMES B. HOWE Was born at Dorchester, Mass., March 31, 1773, and graduated at Harvard College in 1794. He was ordained deacon ISTovember 25, 1817, and priest May 14, 1819, by the Rt. Rev. Alexander V. Griswold, and installed rector of Union church, to succeed Rev. Daniel Barber, September 15, 1819. He resigned his parish August 4, 1843, after which he made his home with his children in Boston. For some years preceding his ordination he was a successful classical teacher in Boston. Mr. Howe was an old school gentleman ; always wore the long stockings, short clothes, and silver knee and shoe buckles of the latter part of the eighteenth and the fore part of the nineteenth century. He was tall. 438 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. erect, of commanding appearance, a conspicuous figure in town for many years; highl}" respected for his ability and faithfulness as a rector, and beloved for his goodness by all who knew him. He died of apoplexy, in a railroad car, at Albany, N. Y., on the seventeenth of September, 1844, Avhen on his way to Indiana to visit one of his sons. He was the father of the late lit. Rev. W. B. W. Howe, Bishop of South Carolina, who resigned his bishopric on account of ill health, in May, and died in JS'oA'em- ber, 1892. ISAAC HUI31SAR1), Son of George Hubbard, a Revolutionary soldier, was born in Tolland, Conn., July 28, 1770. In 1778 he came with his parents to Claremont and settled on the farm in the southwest corner of the town now occupied by Isaac H. Long, a grandson of Isaac Hubbard, and the widow of Dr. I. G. Hubbard, a son of the subject of this notice. Isaac Hubbard spent his whole life, after eight 3'ears old, on that farm. He was an extensive and suc- cessful farmer and stock raiser. He was selectman in 1811, 1812, 1816, 1817, and 1818 ; representative in the ifew Hampshire legis- lature in 1819 and 1821 ; prominent in the Episcopal church, and regarded as one of the solid and strong men of the town. He was a brother of Judge J. H. Hubbard, of Windsor, Vt. He died January 28, 1861. THE liEV. ISAAC G. HDBJIAKD, I>. I)., Was born in Claremont, April 13, 1818, and was a son of Isaac Hubbard, Esq. He graduated at Trinity College in 1839. He passed from college into the General Theological Seminary, New York, where he spent two years, and finished the prescribed course of study with Bishop Carlton Chase. While studying with Bishop Chase he officiated as lay reader at Drewsville and Bellows Falls, Vt. He was ordained deacon in Trinity church, Claremont, June 25, 1845. He served his deaconate at Vergennes, Vt., and received priest's orders from Bishop Chase in March, 1847. The first four HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 439 years of his priesthood he was rector of a church at Potsdam, N. Y. Then for several months he was assistant of the venerable Dr. Muhlenburg, in the Church of the Holy Communion, New York. In March, 1852, he became rector of St. Michael's church, Man- chester, N. H., where he remained until February, 1866. The field was a missionary one, demanding great self-denial, patience, energy, and Avisdom, and involving a large amount of work. The growth of the parish was real and lasting. The great visible work of Dr. Hubbard was the erection of a beautiful stone church and comfortable rectory, to accomplish which he wrought with his own hands and superintended every detail. The strain upon him was very great and produced the usual result, and in the spring of 1866, by reason of mental and bodily exhaustion, he was compelled to resign his parish, and retired to his portion of his late father's farm in Claremont for rest. In August, 1867, he was sufficiently restored to accept the rectorship of Trinity church, Claremont, where he remained until Easter, 1875. During this period he was forced by a recurrence of his former trouble to take a rest of six months, and through the kind instrumen- tality of a few friends he visited Europe. Again his health failed, and when he resigned and returned to his farm he did not ex- pect to resume priestly labors. However, in October, 1876, he began services at Union church, without making any permanent engagement. The Easter following he felt able to accept the post of minister in charge for a year, and renewed the engage- ment at Easter, 1878. On Passion Sunday, March 30, 1879, he drove to church with his family as usual, but on his arrival did not feel able to perform service, and started to return home in a sleigh, and expired very suddenly on the way. Dr. Hubbard was one of the trustees of St. Paul's school. Concord, for twenty years immediately preceding his death. SIMEON IDE, The oldest of eight children of Daniel Ide, was born in Shrews- bury, Mass., September 28, 1794, died at the house of his daugh- ter, Mrs. Dibblee, Boston Highlands, June 22, 1889, and was 440 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. buried in Clareraont. When fifteen years old he was apprenticed to the printing business in the office of Farnsworth & Churchill, publishers of the Vermont Republican, at Windsor, 'Vt. Before completing his apprenticeship there was a change in the estab- lishment, and Mr. Ide returned to his father's house, then in New Ipswich, N. H., in 1814, set up ii small printing office, and with the help of a sister, eleven years old, printed and published an edition of the JSTew Testament, said to have been the first published in New Hampshire. It bore the imprint of 1815. In February, 1817, Mr. Ide started the publication of a newspaper at Brattleborough, Vt., under the title of the American Yeo- man, and in 1818, in company with a Mr. Aldrich, bought the Vermont Republican establishment, at Windsor, and united the two papers under the title of the Vermont Republican and American Yeoman. Subsequently Mr. Ide bought the interest of Mr. Aldrich, and continued the business alone, adding book- binding, publishing, and book-selling. Under the administration of President John Quincy Adams, Mr. Ide had the contract for supplying the post-office department with all the blanks, paper, and twine used by the post-offices in the New England states and New York. He carried on quite an extensive business at Windsor for about sixteen years. In 1834 he united his Windsor estab- lishment with the Claremont Manufacturing Company, which had just commenced manufacturing paper, and he became manager of the business of the concern, which was well equipped for making books, in which he continued until 1858, when he sold his interest to his sons, George G. and Lemuel N. Ide, and retired from business. In 1863 he bought the National Eagle news- paper and printing establishment, and was publisher and editor of that paper until 1867, when he sold out to Arthur Chase, after which he did not engage in active business. In March, 1818, Mr. Ide married Evelina Pamela, daughter of Captain Nichols Goddard, of Rutland, Vt., by whom he had ten children — -two sous and eight daughters — five of whom are still living. His wife died in 1857, and in 1859 he married Mrs. B. Maria Mott, of Auburn, N. Y., who died March 23, 1889. DR. LEONARD JARVIS. — (the elder. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 441 DR. LEONARD JARVIS Was born in Boston, June 22, 1774; graduated at the Boston Latin School, and studied medicine with his uncle. Dr. Charles Jarvis, of Boston. He came to Claremout and commenced the practice of his profession in the fall of 1795. He was quite famous as a physician and surgeon, and, for about twenty years, had a large practice in Claremont and surrounding towns. After that he engaged extensively in sheep breeding, wool-growing, and manufacturing, but was often called in consultation with other physicians as long as he Uved. He died February 9, 1848. HUSSELL JARVIS, Son of Samuel G. Jarvis, senior, and brother of Dr. Leonard Jarvis, senior, studied law with his cousin, William C. Jarvis, of Pittsfield, Mass., was admitted to the bar and opened an office in Claremont in 1818. lu 1820 he married Miss Caroline Dana, of Chelsea, Vt., who died in two or three years, leaving an infant daughter, Caroline, the wife of John H. Uhl, of New York city. Soon after the death of his wife Mr. Jarvis removed to Boston, and in time married Miss Eliza Cordis, who, with their two young daughters, was lost in Long Island sound in the burning of the steamer Lexington, January 13, 1840. The Lexington had on board one hundred and ten or iifteen passengers, and thirty-five officers and crew, all but four of whom were lost. Mr. Jarvis left the practice of law, became noted as a journalist, and died in New York city in 1853. COL. RUSSELL JARVIS, Third son of Dr. Leonard Jarvis, senior, was born January 8, 1824, and died February 24, 1888, in the room where he was born. He owned considerable mill and other property in the west part of the town, including the home farm on Town hill, to the most of which he succeeded on the death of his father, in 1848. He was extensively engaged in the breeding of Spanish merino sheep, and the raising 29 442 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. of fine wool, in which business his father was a pioneer in this country. For fifteen years preceding his death he carried on paper manufacturing in the mill at the south side of Sugar river, which was burned the twelfth of May, 1890, and rebuilt by his son Russell, in 1892. He was a man of remarkable energy and activity. He was aid-de-camp, with the rank of colonel, on the staff' of Gov- ernor "William Haile, in 1857 and 1858, and United States marshal for New Hampshire during the administration of Andrew Johnson. He left surviving him a widow and three sons. DK. SAMUEL GARDINER JAEVIS, Oldest son of the late Dr. Leonard Jarvis, was born in Claremont, September 30, 1816. He was educated in the public schools of the town, at the academy of the Eev. Virgil H. Barber, West Clare- mont, and the Boston Latin School. He studied medicine with Dr. Thomas B. Kittredge, then in practice here ; graduated at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1830, and commenced the prac- tice of his profession, having located on the farm at West Clare- mont, where he spent the remainder of his life. His practice extended over the towns in this vicinity in New Hampshire and Vermont for a period of fifty-two years, and until within a few weeks of his death. He was for two or three years United States examining pension surgeon, and was a representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1875 and 1876. He died March 5, 1892. In the annual town meeting, on the 14th of that month, John L. Farwell offered a series of resolutions, which were unanimously adopted by rising vote, expressive of the sense of the people at the death of Dr. Jarvis, and it was ordered that they be spread upon the records of the town. DR. LEONARD JARVIS, Second son of Dr. Samuel G., and grandson of the late Dr. Leonard Jarvis, was born in Claremont on July 29, 1852. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1873, and at Harvard Medical School in 1882. He was house physician at the lying-in hospital, Boston, DR. SAMUEL G. JARVIS. HISTOEY OF CLAREMONT. 443 four months, and house surgeon at Rhode Island Hospital, Provi- dence, fifteen months. He commenced practice in Claremont in May. 1884, and continued until the fall of 1892, when, by reason of impaired health, he went to Colorado and remained until the fol- lowing spring, when he returned and resumed the practice of his profession. THE JEWETTS. — JOHN JEWETT, Of West Windsor, Vt, had nine children — seven sous and two daughters. Four of the sons and the two daughters are still living. Three of the sons — Marcus L., Frederick, and John W. — came to Claremont more than forty years ago, where they have been con- spicuous in trade and in other ways ever since. MARCUS L. JEWETT Was born April 16, 1825, and died January 25, 1891. He came to Claremont in 1853, and was engaged in the grocery and provision business the most of the remainder of his life, alone, in company with his brothers, later with his sons, and at his death was suc- ceeded by his sons. FREDERICK JEWETT Was born May 25, 1827. He came to Claremont in October, 1848, and was of the firm of Kidder, Danforth & Jewett three years, after which he was clerk in the store of C. M. Bingham a few years. In 1857 he entered into copartnership with his brothers, Marcus L. and John W., under the firm name of M. L. Jewett & Co., which was continued seventeen years, when he bought out his brothers, and afterward took his son George W. into partnership. After a few years the son retired, and he continued alone until January, 1890, when he formed a copartnership with his brother John W., under the firm name of F. & J. W. Jewett & Co., and has so con- tinued to the present time. Frederick Jewett has been longer in trade in Claremont than any other man now living. He was elected a representative in the ISTew Hampshire legislature in 1890, and re-elected in 1892. 444 HISTOKT OF CLAREMONT. JOHN W. JEWETT Was born August 4, 1829. He came to Claremont in July, 1851, and bought the grocery and provision business of Kidder, Danforth & Jewett, and carried it on until 1853, when his brother Marcus L. came to town, and they formed a copartnership in the same busi- ness, which they can-ied on until 1857, when the brother Frederick was admitted to the firm, which was continued under the firm name of M. L. Jewett & Co., until 1874. After this John W. Jewett car- ried on the same business, having for a partner Clarence E. Pea- body, under the firm name of Jewett & Peabody. At the end of eight years Mr. Peabody retired and Mr. Jewett continued the busi- ness alone until January, 1890, when the copartnership of F. & J. W. Jewett & Co. was formed and still continues. John W. Jewett was one of the selectmen in the years 1868, 1869, 1877, 1878, 1879, 1880, and 1881, and several of these years overseer of the poor. DANIEL W. JOHNSON, Son of the late Moses Johnson, was born in Sutton, October 16, 1827, and died April 29, 1894. In December, 1845, when but little more than eighteen yeai-s old, he came to Claremont, entered the Monadnock mills and was employed there in responsible positions until February, 1858, when he accepted the appointment of agent and superintendent of the Phtenix cotton mill at Peterborough. When Jonas Livingston resigned the agency of the Monadnock mills in 1863, Mr. Johnson was appointed to the place, and held it until his death. He was president of Sullivan Savings Institution from January, 1870, to January, 1898 ; was chairman of the board of trustees of Fiske Free Library, and was elected representative in the New Hampshire legislature in November, 1892. In 1874 he made a trip to Europe on business connected with the Monadnock mills. He was attacked with apoplexy April 29, 1894, and died in a few hours afterward, leaving a widow. MILES JOHNSON Was born in 1748 and died in Claremont December 1, 1834. He came here from Guilford, Conn., in 1796, bringing his family and HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 445 ■etiects by a team of four oxen, driven by his son Parmer, then eight years old. He was a soldier in the war of the Revolution ; was with Washington's army when it crossed the Delaware river, in the battle of White Plains, and with Israel Putnam at Ticonderoga. In his old age he often related incidents of the marches and battles in which he participated. He settled on the farm on the west side of Green mountain, now owned by his grandson, Amos D. Johnson- PARMEE JOHNSON, Son of Miles Johnson, was born in 1788 and died in Claremont March 25, 1866. When eight years old he came with his father from Guilford, Conn., and ever after lived on the west side of Green mountain. He was drafted into the army in the war of 1812, but by reason of the declaration of peace was not mustered into the ser- vice. He had two sons, both living, — Eev. J. G. Johnson, of Red Wing, Minn., and Amos D. Johnson, of this town, and several daughters. JOHN KIMliAI.L Was born at Haverhill, September -30, 1796. He graduated a,t Dartmouth College, and studied law at Bath, in the office of Hon. Moses Payson, and was admitted to the bar at Haverhill. He was in practice at Claremont from 1830 to 1839, and at Putney, Vt., from 1889 to 1870. He was twice elected to the New Hamp- shire senate while he lived in Claremont. He represented Putney in the Vermont legislature several years ; was twice state senator for his district, and once president of the senate. Pie died at Put- ney, February 23, 1884. PHILANDER C. FREEMAN Was born at Plainfield, August 27, 1807. He graduated at Kenyon College, Gambler, Ohio; studied law in the office of Judge J. H. Hubbard, at Windsor,Vt. He came to Claremont about 1838, opened an office and commenced the practice of his profession. He was a representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1843 446 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. and 1844, and for several years was justice of the police court. He died April 20, 1871. SANFOKD KINGSBURY "Was born at "Windham, Conn., April 7, 1743, was one of the early settlers of the town, and a prominent citizen until his death at the age of ninety-one years, which occurred IsTovember 12, 1833. He settled on the farm on Town hill now owned by the heirs of Russell Jarvis, and lived there until 1795, when he sold it to the senior Dr. Leonard Jarvis. He was selectman in 1784, 1786, and 1789 ; mod- erator in 1786 and six years succeeding ; representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1786 and three years succeeding; state senator in 1791 and 1792 ; member of the executive council in 1789 ; and judge of probate from December 20, 1797, to June 20, 1798. DK. AyiLLIAM M. LADD Was born in Unity in 1813. He graduated at Kimball Union Academy ; studied medicine with his uncle. Dr. Charles Perry, in Rutland, Vt. ; attended lectures at the "\7'ermont School of jNIedicine, where he took his degree of M. D. For the next ten years he was in the active practice of his profession at Townshend, Vt. He then cam^e to Claremout, continued practice for a time, and then opened a drug store and continued in that business until his death, June 29, 1885. He was postmaster of Claremont from May 5, 1855, to June 17, 1861, being appointed by President Pierce. He was also commissioner of schools for Sullivan county for several years. CHAKLES I.EI.AND "Was a son of Thomas Leland ; born at Windsor, "V^t., July 28, 1817 ; was educated in the schools of his native town ; studied law with his father; was admitted to the New Hampshire bar, and was in the practice of his profession at Claremont a few years. For the twenty-two last years of his life he was salesman for a New York drug house. He died at Claremont March 28, 1884. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 447 THOMAS LELAND, Son of Thomas Leland, was born at Grafton, Mass., August 5, 1784; graduated at Middlebury, Vt, College in 1809; studied law in the office of Judge J. H. liubbard, at Windsor, Vt. ; was admitted to the bar in 1812; was in practice at Windsor until 1834, when he came to Claremont and continued in practice until his death, March 3, 1849. He represented Windsor in the Ver- mont legislature one or more terms. GEORGE G. LEWIS, Son of Wilca and Elizabeth (Stewart) Lewis, was born in Clare- mont, July 7, 1800, and died at Worcester, Mass., February 12, 1889. He descended in about the eighth generation from George and Mary (Fuller) Lewis. This George Lewis came from England in 1630, and settled near Plymouth, Mass. His sou, through whom George G. Lewis's descent is traced, married a daughter ot Dr. Fuller, one of the Mayflower Pilgrims. Wilca Lewis, father of George G., settled in Claremont about 1790, on the farm at the east side of Red Water brook, known later as the Mrs. Whitcomb place. George G. Lewis's grandfathers, Jabez Lewis and Jacob Stewart, were both soldiers in the Revolutionary War, on the side of the colonies, and -Jabez Lewis served throughout the entire war. George G. Lewis married Adeline Labaree, a great-granddaughter of Peter Labaree, who was captured by a party of Lidians at Charlestown in 1754 and carried to Canada, with the Johnson family. Labaree afterward escaped and returned to Charlestown, where he raised up a considerable family. George G. Lewis and his wife had ten children born to them — seven sons and three daughters. The oldest son, George William, and the youugest, Herbert, died in infancy ; the eight others are still living. Mrs. Lewis was highly educated for her time, had fine litei-ary taste, great energy, and ambition for her children, whom she encouraged and materially aided in obtaining good educations. The five sur- viving boys graduated at Dartmouth College, and the girls were 448 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. fitted to teach the higher branches of learning. She died ISTovem- ber 26, 1876. Of the five boys, Eugene, born in 1839, graduated at Dartmouth in 1864 ; read law with H. W. Parker, of Claremont ; was later ad- mitted to the bar ; practiced for a time at Peterborough, and Moline, 111., and is now living at Salt Lake city, Utah. Frank W., born in 1840, graduated at Dartmouth in 1866 ; read law with Henry W. Paine, of Boston, and was admitted to the bar there ; removed to Lincoln, ISTeb., and engaged in the business of western investments. In 1893 he returned to Boston, where he is acting president and eastern manager of the Merchants' Trust Company. Arthur G., born in 1845, graduated at Dartmouth in 1869; en- gaged as teacher and superintendent of schools, and is now prin- cipal of a grammar school in "Worcester, Mass. Henrj' E., born in 1848, graduated at Dartmouth in 1872 ; studied law and was ad- mitted to the bar in Illinois; moved to Lincoln, ISTeb., in 1881, and was engaged in making western investments for eastern parties. From 1889 till 1893 he was president of the Lincoln Safe Deposit Company, and is now secretary and treasurer of the Merchants' Trust Company. Homer P., born in 1849, graduated at Dart- mouth in 1872. Since leaving college he has been eno-ag-ed in teaching. At Davenport, la., he was principal of the high school, from whence he went to Omaha, ISfeb., in 1883, since which he has been principal of the high school there. Of the daughters, Ellen A., born in 1838, married John Bugbee, of Hartford, Yt, and now resides there. Belle H., born in 1842, has for several years been assistant teacher in the high school at Omaha, jSTeb. Marion, born in 1843, lives at Salt Lake city, where she has been chiefly engaged in teaching. This is a remarkable record of a family of eight children of a ISTew Hampshire farmer of but moderate means, due largely to the intelligence, ambition, frugality, and industry of the mother, in co- operation with the father and the children themselves. FRANCIS LOCKE. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 449 JONAS LIVINGSTON, Son of "William Livingston, a Scotchman, was born at Sharon, Hills- borough county, December 13, 1806, and died at Peterborough, November 22, 1877. He was agent of the Phoenix cotton mill, at Peterborough, and came from there to Claremont in 1845, as agent and manager of the Monadnock mills, which position he held until 1863, when he resigned and returned to Petei'borough. He subse- quently bought a controlling interest in the Phoenix mill, which he operated successfully until his death. He was sole representative from Claremont in the ISTew Hampshire legislature in 1853, and was elected a member of that bodj% Avith others, in 1854. He was president of the Sullivan Savings Institution several years, and a prominent citizen of the town. FRANCIS LOCKE Was born in Stoddard, March 19, 1810. He is the youngest of eleven children of Enos Locke. When twenty-one years old he went to Walpole, where he worked as a fiirm laborer, carrying on a farm on shares, and then as owner, until 1862, during which time he was selectman and overseer of the poor four years. Having accumulated a comfortable fortune, that year he sold his farm, came to Claremont, and bought the large brick house on the west side of Pleasant street, built by the late S. F. Redfield, Avhich has since been his home. He was selectman of Claremont in 1866, 1867, 1870, 1871, and 1872. He has been twice married and is now a widower. By his first wife he had one daughter, the wife of George W. Holden, who lives with him. By reason of the trials and hardships of his early years, caused by the excessive use of ardent spirits by others than himself, in whom he was inter- ested, he has been an ardent temperance man for many years. CHAKLES H. LONG, The oldest son of Charles F. Long, was born in Claremont March 14, 18-34. He graduated at Norwich, Vt., Military University in 1855. Soon after the breaking out of the War of 450 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. the Rebellion, in April, 1861, he was employed to drill recruits at Newport, Concord, Dover, Portsmouth, and other places iu the state. In July, 1861, he opened an office and recruited men for the Fifth Regiment, and was commissioned captain of Com- pany G. At the battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, he was severely wounded in the left arm by a minie ball, and re- signed ISTovember 6. April 17, 1863, he was commissioned cap- tain and authorized to raise a company of heavy artillery to garrison the defenses of Portsmouth. In the summer of 186-1 a full regiment was raised and he was commissioned colonel of it September 29. This regiment was ordered to the front, served in the defenses of Washington, and was mustered out June 15, 1865. In ISTovember, 1864, Colonel Long was ordered to the command of the First Brigade, Hardin's Division, Twenty- second Arm}' Corps, and retained that position until mustered out with his regiment. Generals Howard, Hardin, and other officers under whom he served, spoke of Colonel Long and his conduct as an officer in commendatory terms. When the Con- cord and Claremont railroad was opened he was appointed station agent at Claremont village, which position he has since held. MICHAEL LOVELL Was born in Rockingham, Vt., in 1764, and died here April 29, 1860. He was a son of Michael Lovell, who was a captain in the War of the Revolution, and both he and his wife were zealous and active in the cause of liberty. Michael Lovell, the youuijer, came to Claremont in 1821, bought the Alexander Ralston farm on Town hill and lived there until his death. His son, Porter Kimball Lovell, graduated at Bowdoin College and became a physician. He went to Hayti with Dr. James Hall, formerly of this town, who was made president or governor of Liberia. On their arrival there the yellow fever was raging, and Dr. Lovell soon became famous by reason of his success in the treatment of that fearful disease. He was surgeon-general in the army in the revolution of Hayti in 1842-44, and died HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. 451 there at the age of thirty-seven years. Another son, Seymour, died while attending medical lectures in New York city. LEONARD A. LOVEKING, Son of the late John L. Lovering, was born at Hartford, Vt., November 13, 1854. He was appointed cadet at West Point in 1872; graduated and was commissioned second lieutenant Fourth TJ. S. Infantry June 15, 1876; promoted first lieutenant of same January 3, 1885, and captain of same October 15, 1893. He was detailed by the war department acting assistant professor of chemistry and mineralogy and geology at the United States Military Academy, West Point, 1881-85; engineer ofiicer, De- partment of the Columbia, 1888-89; aid-de-camp to Brig. Gen. John Gibbon, U. S. Army, 1889-91; aid-de-camp to Brig. Gen. Thomas H. Ruger, U. S. Army, 1891; in command of his company at Boise City, Idaho, in 1894. DK. ALBERT L. MAEDEN, Son of Nathan J. Marden, was born at Epsom, December 31, 1849, and graduated at Dai'tmouth Medical College in 1874. He was resident physician at Eumford Island, Boston Harbor, for a time, and in 1875 settled at Perkinsville, Weathersfield, Vt., and removed to Claremont in 1891, where he is in the prac- tice of his profession. Mn.ON C. M'CLCRE Was born in Acworth, January 7, 1819 ; graduated at Dart- mouth College in 1846 ; taught in the Claremont Academy two years ; w^as admitted to the bar in 1849 ; formed a law partner- ship with P. C. Freeman in Claremont, which was continued until his death, September 1, 1860. In 1855 and 1856 he was a member of the governor's council ; in 1857 and 1858 repre- sentative in the New Hampshire legislature. 452 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. KUANK P. MAYNAKD, Son of Levi P. Maynard, was born in Fairfield, Me., August 25, 1850. In 1869 he went to California and was engaged in hydraulic mining three years. He then returned east and went to Nashua, where he was in the shoe manufacturing busi- ness until 1879, when he went to Boston and was in the retail shoe trade. In 1883 he formed a copartnership with his brother- in-law, Charles IST. Washburn, under the firm name of Maynard & Washburn, and they came to Claremont, bought what was known as the Home Mill propertj^ and commenced the manu- facturing of shoes on an extensive scale. They made additions to the buildings from time to time and this industry became an important addition to the business of Claremont. They employ from two hundred to two hundred and twenty-five persons, and the goods made by them are distributed all over the country. In April, 189-3, Mr. Maynard bought the interest of Mr. Wash- burn and became sole proprietor of the concern. lie was the founder of the Claremont Electric Light Works ; is president of the Claremont Building Association, and was one of the com- mittee that built Hotel Claremont. When the People's ISTational Bank was organized, in 1892, ]\Ir. Maj-nard was chosen presi- dent of it, and has been interested in other entei'prises for Imilding up and improving the town. In 1876 Mr. Maynard married Helen E., daughter of N. P. Washburn, now of Claremont. She died in December, 1890, and in April, 1892, he married Miss Jennie Sampson, of Port- land, Me. Thej- have a handsome residence, corner of School and Oak streets, shown in the illustration. RAI-rH METCALF, Oldest son of John Metcalf, a thrifty farmer, of North Charles- town, was born November 21, 1796, and died in Claremont, August 26, 1858. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1823 ; studied law with Henrj- Hubbard, of Charlestown, Eichard Bart- lett, of Concord, and George B. Upham, of Claremont ; admitted HISTORY OF CLAEBMONT. 453 to the Sullivan county bar in 1826, and opened an office at Newport. In 1831 he was elected secretaiy of state of New Hampshire and held the office eight years. He represented the town of Newport in the New Hampshire legislature in 1852 and 1853 ; register of probate for Sullivan county from 1845 to 1851 ; chairman of a committee to revise the laws of the state in 1852; governor in 1855 and 1856. With a few temporary in- tervals he had his home at Newport until 1856, when he removed to Claremont and built the house on Broad street, where he died, now the home of the widow of "William Breck. He was a man of varied attainments and an able chief executive of the state. WILLIAM H. H. MOODY, The seventh of eleven children of the late Jonathan Moody, was born in Claremont May 10, 1842, and was named for President William Henry Harrison. When fourteen years old he entered the shoe factory of Russell W. Farwell here, with the design of learn- ing the business, where he continued four years. In December, 1861, he enlisted in Troop L, New England Cavalry, served a few mouths and was honorably discharged. In the fall of 1862 he engaged as traveling salesman for a large shoe jobbing house in Boston, and sold goods all over the country. In 1867 he was ad- mitted as partner in the concern, under the firm name of McGib- bons, Moody & Raddin, having but little capital other than ability and knowledge of the business. In 1873 he became a partner in the firm of Grain, Moody &'Eising, and they established a shoe manufactory at Amoskeag, employing one hundred hands, making shoes for the western and southern markets. In a few years, the business having outgrown its quarters, the firm removed to Nashua and continued there about seven years. Then the shoe manufacturing firm of Moody, Estabrook & Andersons was organ- ized and has continued to the present time. They built at Nashua a three-story brick factory large enough to accommodate from nine hundred to ten hundred hands, and to turn out eight thousand and 454 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. Hve hundred pairs of men's, boys', and women's shoes of various styles per day. This is the largest manufactory of its class of goods in this country. Its business amounts to about two million dollars unnually. The goods are sold wholly to jobbing houses at the west and south. The firm has an office and warehouse in Boston, and Mr. Moody is a director in the ISTational Shoe and Leather Bank, Boston. In the early half of the present century Jonathan Moody, the father of William H. H., employed several men and made shoes by hand, using pegs of his own make, for one half the people of the town. He was also a famous tenor drummer, and was in request at all military trainings and musters. Since going to Boston Mr. Moody has accumulated a handsome fortune. In 1877 he bought what was known for many j-ears as the Mann farm, of eighty-seven acres, about a mile south of Clare- mont village on the west side of the road to Charlestown. He has added to it from time to time adjoining farms and lots of land, and has now six hundred acres all connected with his original purchase, mostly strong, productive upland. On this farm he has erected a large and elegant house, barns, and other buildings and appurte- nances adapted to an extensive first-class horse-breeding establish- ment; and in 1893 had one hundred and fifty blooded horses of all kinds. He has expended large sums of money annually in enrich- ing and improving his farm, adding to the wealth, importance, and beauty of his native town, for which he has always had a strong aifection. Mr. Moody spends a portion of each summer on his place here, and his winters in Boston. CHASE NOYES, Son of Tristham Noyes, was born at Boscaweu in 1790. He came to Newport in 1828, and from there to Claremont in 1854. He died here May 22, 1862. He was an uncompromising abolitionist, was prominently connected with the underground railroad, and is said to have aided many slaves in escaping from bondage to freedom. He had eight children — four sons and four daughters. The sons, HOSEA W. PARKER. HISTORY OF OLAREMONT. 456 William T., Silas E., Henry C, and Baron S. Noyes, are all living except AVilliarn T., who died in November, 1884. The father and all the sons were at different times engaged in the man- ufacture and sale of shoes. HOSEA W. PARKER, Second son of the late Benjamin Parker, was born in Lempster, May 30, 1833. Plis father died in 1845, leaving a widow, two sons, a, daughter, and a good hill farm. Hosea W., twelve years old, assisted his brother Hiram, three years older, in the work of the farm, attending the district and an occasional term of a select school in the town until he reached his eighteenth year. He attended Tubbs Union Academy, "Washington, a few terms, and then entered the Green Mountain Liberal Institute, South Woodstock, Vt., where he fitted for college. In 1855 he entered Tufts College, where he remained two years, then commenced the study of law in the office of Burke & Wait, JS'ewport, and was admitted to the Sul- livan county bar in 1859. While pursuing his studies he taught school winters in Newport and other places. He commenced prac- tice in his native town and removed to Claremont in the fall of 1860, where he has since resided. He soon acquired a remunera- tive practice, w-hich increased continually until he became one of the leading lawyers in western New Hampshire, being engaged on one side or the other of almost every important cause tried in the Sullivan county court. As a jury lawyer he ranks with the fore- most in the state, both in the examination of witnesses and as an advocate. He has been admitted to practice in the United States circuit and district courts in New Hampshire, and in 1873 was ad- mitted to the supreme court of the United States at Washington, D. C. In politics Mr. Parker is a Democrat, and has been a leader in and worker for that party ever since he became a voter, attending county, state, and national conventions, and taking the stump in all exciting canvasses. In 1859 and 1860 he represented the town 456 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. of Lempster in the New Hampshire legislature, and took a leading part on committees and as a debater in the house. In 1869 he was the candidate of his party for member of congress from the third New Hampshire district — which had been Republican by a decided majority for many years — and was defeated by Jacob Benton. In 1871 he was again a candidate and was elected over (Si-eu. S. G. Griffin, the Republican candidate,— receiving many more than his party vote, — fully one hundred in Claremont. He was again elected over General Griffin in 1873, b}' an increased majority. Nobody voted for him supposing that he was anything but a true and loyal Democrat. In congress he was constantly in his place in the house, generally acting and voting with his party. He was always opposed to jobs and jobbery. He was a member of the committees on education and labor, and on patents. The patents held by the sewing-machine monopolies were about to expire, and extraordinary etibrts and large sums of money were used to secure an extension of these patents ; but Mr. Parker was opposed to it in the interest of the people. The committee, by a majority of one, voted to report against the extension, and the report was sustained by the house. Since the close of his second term in congress Mr. Parker has devoted himself closely to the practice of his profession, seeking no political honors. In 1892 he was nominated unanimously in con- vention of the second district for member of congress, but was defeated by Henry M. Baker by a small plurality. In 1883 Tufts College conferred upon him the degree of A. M., and at the same time elected him one of the trustees of the college, which position he still holds. He is a prominent Freemason, and has been for the past twenty years eminent commander of Sullivan Commander}-, Knights Templar, of Claremont. In 1861 Mr. Parker was married to Miss Caroline Lovisa South- gate, of Bridgewater, Vt., and has one daughter, the wife of Rev. Lee S. ISPCoUester, of Detroit, Mich. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 457 HENRY PATTEN, Son of William Patten, was born June 11, 1817, in Roxbury, Mass., now a part of Boston. He came to Claremont in October, 1839, and entered the store of Nicholas & "William H. Farwell, father and son, at the west end of the lower bridge, known as the Far- mers' Exchange for many years. In the following February Mr. Patten became a partner in the firm, and so continued three j'ears, when Nicholas Farwell retired, and the copartnership of Farwell & Patten was formed, and existed about three years. Mr. Patten then moved across the bridge and established him- self in trade in the west end of the brick block erected by Horace Parmelee, and known for a long time as the Parmelee building, where he continued until 1882, when he retired from active business. In 1840 he married Nancy, daughter of Nicholas Farwell, and they had five children — three sons and two daugh- ters — four of whom are living. The oldest son died in early manhood, and Mrs. Patten died in May, 1881. ALEXANDER RALSTON Came from Scotland to Boston, where he carried on the business of manufacturing gloves before and during the Revolutionary War, and accumulated a handsome fortune for those times. Being a pronounced Tory he was obliged to leave Boston soon after the close of the war, came to Keene and from there to Claremont in 1784, and purchased four tracts of land on Town hill, which included most of what was for many years known as the Michael Lovell farm, now owned by Dr. Osmon B. Way, and the territory west of it extending to Connecticut river. He kept an inn at the Lovell place, widely known while he kept it and afterward, for more than thirty years, as the Ralston Tavern. He returned to Keene about 1804, where he died March 29, 1810, at the age of sixty-four years. He had five children — three sons and two daughters. His daughter, Jennette, married Ithamer Chase, of Cornish, father of the late chief justice of the United States su- 30 458 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. preme court. Thus it will be seen that Alexander Kalston was the maternal grandfather of Salmon P. Chase. Ithamer Chase removed from Cornish to Keene, where he died August 8, 1817. SAMUEL S. RAND, Son of Samuel Eand, was born in Portsmoutli, June 1, 1819. He learned the trade of a tinsmith at Portsmouth, -n'orked as a jour- neyman a few years, then commenced business on his own account at Lowell, Mass.; from there he removed to Holderness, N. H., and came to Claremont in 1851, opened a shop in the Fiske building, north side of the upper bridge, and in 1854 moved into O. J. Brown's building on Pleasant street, and connected the stove with his tin business. In 1871 he erected on the east side of Pleasant street the three-story building known as Rand's block. The lower storj^ is occupied with five stores; the second with rooms connected with the Belmont House, and the third with the Odd Fellows' hall. The building of this and the Heywood block, connected with it, at the same time, started business on Pleasant street. ^Ir. Rand sold his tin and stove business to his son, Fred ■deF. Rand, in 1885. He has been twice married — first, to Miss Lucinda W. Brown, by whom he had four children — three sons and one daughter, all grown to maturity, and living. This wife died April 1-3, 1865, and May 25, 1866, he married her sister, Miss Mary W. Brown, who died April 14, 1892. DK. .TOSIAH RICHARDS, Son of Josiah Richards, was born at Washington, N. H., May 30, 1784, and died in Claremont, January 29, 1871. He attended Atkinson academy, and studied medicine with Dr. Cogswell, of that town. During the war of 1812 he obtained a situation under the United States government in the laud and naval hospital at Portsmouth, and after a few months was appointed assistant sur- geon in the naval service, and assigned to duty at Newburyport, Mass. After a time he secured his discharge and entered the DR. JOSIAH RICHARDS, HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 459 privateer service, in which he continued about two years, and then returned to New Hampshire, and entered the medical department of Dartmouth College, where he graduated in 1815. The next year he came to Claremont, where the remainder of his life was spent — the most of it in an extensive practice of his profession, his specialty being obstetrics, in which he is said to have been very ^^uccessful. He represented the town in the New Hampshire legislature in 1827 and 1828, and was several years superintending school committee. He was a man of great physical and mental strength and activity, and responded to calls until quite advanced in years. In 1816 Doctor Richards married Emily Haskell, of Weathersfield, Vt., who died November 17, 1882, leaving two daughters — Miss Marion, who has since died, and Helen, the widow of Sullivan W. Healey. SHERMAN ROSSITEE Was a son of Captain William Rossiter, and a direct descendant of Edward Rossiter, who was one of the assistants to Governor •John Winthrop, chosen in London in 1629, and came to the colonies in the spring of 1630. Sherman Rossiter was born in Guilford, Conn., April 20, 1775. About 1802 he came to Clare- mont and soon after purchased and settled on a farm on the old road to Newport, the eastern boundary of. which is the line be- tween these towns, where he passed the remainder of his life. By industry and frugality he accumulated a handsome property, and died October 2, 1838. He married Olive Baldwin, of his native town, November 5, 1804, and they had nine children — seven sons and two daughters. The sons were William, Timothy Baldwin, Pomeroy Morse, Luzern Sherman, Chittenden, Stephen Farley, and Rounseville Van Ness; the daughters. Submit Chit- tenden and Loret Collins. William died in Claremont, February 29, 1860; Chittenden, a successful farmer in Windsor, Vt, died May 8, 1892, and Rounseville Van Ness in infancy. Timothy Baldwin, Pomeroy Morse, and Stephen Farley are living in Clare- mont, and Luzern Sherman is living in Kasson, Minn., engaged 460 HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. in staging and keeping a hotel. Submit Chittenden married' Edmund "Wheeler, of Newport, and died March 2, 1856; Loret Collins married the late "William E. Tutherly, of this town, and died January 8, 1888. WILLIAM KOSSITEK, The oldest child of Sherman and Olive (Baldwin) Eossiter, was born September 24, 1805, and died Eebruary 29, 1860. He lived in Claremout during his whole life, was an active l)usiness man, and prominent citizen. For several years he, in company with the late Thomas Sanford, operated the Sullivan woolen mill, since 1857 owned by George L. Balcom, and vras engaged in general mercantile business for quite a number of years, in the store now occupied bj' Israel T>. Hall, having for partners for different pe- riods, Cyrus Clement, Tyler Tujjper, Sumner Putnam, and perhaps others. He was selectman in 1839, 1845, 1850, and 1852, and representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1847 and 1848. He married Lucy Barrett, of Claremout, who survives him. POMEROY MORSE ROSSITEU, Third son of Sherman and Olive (Baldwin) Rossiter, was born December 4, 1810, and has always been engaged in farming. He worked for Joel Goss, on his farm, from 1829 to 1832. On July 1, 1831, Mr. Goss's two large barns and sheds adjoining were destroyed by a tornado, Mr. Eossiter being in one of the sheds at the time, and escaped injury. Mr. Goss was an extensive farmer, keeping from twenty-live to thirty cows, and his rule was to fatten as many hogs as he kept cows. Each winter, like other farmers in those days, he carried his pork, butter, cheese, poultry, and other produce to Boston market. In the winter of 1831—32, he sent Mr. Eossiter, with a team of six oxen and sled, to Boston with produce weighing six thousand pounds, which he disposed of, and brought back about an equal amount of merchandise. He was twelve days on the trip, and the entire expense in monej- * HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 461 paid out, for himself and team, as he reports it, was $24.94. In 1832 Mr. Rossiter went to Milford, and in 1836 bought a large farm there and carried it on successfully, making hop raising a specialty, until 1865. In 1879 he bought the well known Cupola farm in Claremont, which, if not the best, is one of the two best, farms in New Hampshire. He was selectman of Milford in 1856, 1858, and 1859, and representative from Claremont in the New Hampshire legislature in 1885 and 1887. He married Eliza Tucker, of Milford, November 15, 1836, who died several years ago. STEPHEN FABLEY HOSSITEK, Sixth son of Sherman and Olive (Baldwin) Rossiter, was born October 7, 1820, and he has always lived in Claremont and been engaged in farming and dealing in farm stock. He was selectman eight years, from 1863 to 1877, both years inclusive ; representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1878 and 1879; county commissioner from 1886 to 1892; and collector of taxes in 1891 and 1894. He married Maria A. Marshall, of New Ipswich, March 20, 1850. TIMOTHY IJAI.DWIN UOSSITER, Second son of Sherman and Olive (Baldwin) Rossiter, was born September 18, 1807. He has been engaged in farming all his life. He owned and carried on a farm in Newport several years. In 1859 he l)ought what was known as the Joel Goss farm, about two miles south of Claremont village, where he has since lived. Pie married Elvira, daughter of the late Moody Dustin, of Clare- mont, May 30, 1836. DR. SILAS PI. SABINE Was born at Pomfret, Conn., July 3, 1777. At an early age he went with his parents to Windsor, Vt., and worked on his father's farm until twenty years of age, after which he fitted for college at Haverhill, and graduated at Dartmouth 462 HISTORY OE CLARBMONT. College in 1803. He studied medicine with Dr. Trask, at Windsor, and commenced practice at Strafford, Vt., in 1807, wliich he continued at Windsor until 1819, and in Claremont until 1834, when he retired from active business in his profes- sion. When in Vermont he was examining surgeon in the war of 1812. In Claremont he was superintendent of schools several years. He was a man of fine literary attainments and wrote and published many essays on various medical topics. He died in Claremont, July 29, 1850. SIMEON SANKEE, A colored citizen, was a conspicuous character in town for many years succeeding 1832. He was a barber and kept a small shop where he dispensed cakes, custards, candy, nuts, and ice cream in the warm seasons. Pie had a poetic turn, and displayed his talent in this direction in advertising his business. In the National Eagle of January, 1835, he introduced himself in this wise : Look, gentiles ! I'm Simeon Saiikee ! I shave in shine or rain ; Scissors ! if I suit not each Yankee, I'll shave him o'er again. After a long catalogue of his accomplishments as a " tonsorial artist," he closes — "Mr. Sankee may be found during shaving hours, at his office, opposite Stevens's Hotel, where he will attend to the calls of his customers." He died at Morristown, Vt., in 1861. THE REV. HENEY SDIINER SMITH Was born in Nashua, March 15, 1801. He entered Kenyon College, at Gambler, 0., but on account of the disorganized state of that institution, he did not graduate. He studied the- ology at Gambler; was made deacon by Bishop Mcllvaine at Gambler, September 7, 1833; ordained priest at Cleveland, 0., September 11, 1836, by Bishop Mcllvaine. Following his ordi- nation, Mr. Smith officiated in several parishes in the diocese HISTORY OP CLARBMONT. 463 of Ohio. At Easter, 1838, he became the. assistant of the Rev. James B. Howe, in Union church, Claremont, one half of the time; the other half he officiated in Trinity church, Cornish. In 1842 Mr. Smith officiated in Cornish and Plainiield. He be- came rector of Union church — Trinity church having been or- ganized at the village — in 1843, and continued in this office until Easter, 1871. He died February 16, 1872. DK. NATHAK SMITH Was born at Eehoboth, Mass., September 30, 1762, and died at New Haven, Conn., July 26, 1828. His father removed with his family to Chester, Vt., in 1770. When about twenty-one years old, the subject of this sketch was incited to become a physician and surgeon, through having witnessed an amputation of the thigh by Dr. Josiah Goodhue, of Putney, Vt., when he held the limb and tied the arteries as the doctor took them up. He then requested Dr. Goodhue to take him as a pupil, but was advised to first further perfect his education, and he ac- cordingly put himself under the tuition of the Rev. Mr. Whit- ing, of Rockingham, Vt., which he continued several months, and then commenced the study of medicine with Dr. Goodhue, and remained with him three years, paying his way by doing work about the doctor's place. He began practice at Cornish in 1787, without any degree, and subsequently married a daughter of Gen. Jonathan Chase, of that town. He was in practice in Claremont for a time succeeding 1788. To further perfect him- self in his profession he entered the medical department of Harvard College, and received the degree of M. B. in 1790, be- ing the only graduate of that year in a class of four. In 1708 Dr. Smith was appointed professor of the theory and practice of medicine, and also of anatomy and surgery, at Dart- mouth College. He held both chairs until 1810, and the former until 1813, when he was called to take the foremost place in the medical dep)artment of Yale College, and resigned, but lec- tured at Dartmouth seve;-al years afterward. In 1821 he organ- 464 HISTORY OF CLAKBMONT. ized the medical schoel of Bowdoin College and lectured there and at the University of A'ermont several years. Dr. Smith was famous for his success in sui'gery, and origi- nated new methods and operations. In a biographical sketch, read before the New Hampshire Medical Society at its centennial anniversary in June, 1891, by Dr. John W. Parsons, of Ports- mouth, he said of Dr. Smith — "To him more than to any other man, it is believed, may be ascribed the rapid increase in the advantages for medical education in America at this date." ALPHEUS F. SNOW, Son of Alpheus Snow, was born in Clhesterfield, May 29, 1818. He studied law in the othce of Hubbard & Gilchrist, Charles- town, and graduated at the Harvard Law School. He Avas ad- mitted to the Sullivan county bar in 1841, and soon opened an ofiice in Claremont and practiced his profession here until 1864, which, by reason of impaired health, he discontinued at that time. In 1866 he removed to Hartford, Conn., where he died ISTovember 25, 1886. Hie remains were buried in the Pleasant Street Ceme- tery, in this town. He was justice of the police court between 1850 and 1854. THE STEVENS FAMILY. The first of this family in Claremont, ^vhich became conspicuous and made a considerable figure in the early and later history of the town, was Elihu Stevens. He was born in Guilford, Conn, in 1731, came here about 1768, and died in 1814. He was an ar- dent Whig, and verj' active on the side of liberty during the Revo- lutionary War. He was a justice of the peace, selectman in 1776 and 1784, moderator in 1780 and 1788, and representative in 1777. JOSIAH STEVENS, The oldest son of Elihu, was born in Guilford, Conn., August 12, 1752, came to Claremont with his father, and died April 10, 1827. If not the first, he was one of the first, merchants in town, and HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 465 for several years was the leading one in this section of the state. He engaged in manufacturing of diiferent kinds and built the Trernont House in 1800, which he kept as a hotel, and was suc- ceeded in it by his iornc sons, Josiah, Jr., Godfrey, Alvah, and Parau. He was prominent in business in many other ways from the time when he first came to town until his death. He was the first postmaster, from 1802 to 1813, selectman in 1788 and 1792, moderator in 1811 and for the six succeeding years, and representa- tive in 1798. His first wife was Abigail Dudley, of Guilford, by whom he had several children, all of whom, except Josiah, Jr., died young. This wife died in April, 1790, and the following September he married Mrs. Matilda Brewer, oldest daughter of Godfrey Cooke, by whom he had five sons and two daughters. The sons ^x'ere Alfred, Godfrey, Alvah, Edwin, and Paran. Alfred and Edwin died young. Of the daughters, Matilda became the wife of Samuel Fiske, Miranda the wife of Samuel P. Fiske. She died May 26, 1882. DEACON JOSIAH STEVENS, Son of Colonel Josiah and Abigail Dudley Stevens, born Septem- ber 9, 1784, was for many years succeeding 1832 deacon of the Congregational church, and town clerk from 1844 to 1854. In consequence of senile dementia, in the night of February 3, 1857, he climlied out of his bedroom window in the house of the late Hiram Putnam on Washington street, noAV owned by the heirs of the late William E. Tutherly, where he was living, his feet bare, with nothing on but his night clothes, and wandered off. He was miissed, the people rallied, followed his tracks in the snow, and found him in a neighboring field frozen to death. GODl'-UEY STEVENS, Son of Colonel Josiah and Matilda Brewer Stevens, was born Sep- tember 10, 1796. He was in trade with his father, and also with Charles M. Bingham, under the firm name of Stevens & Bingham, in the brick store where the Claremont l^Tational Bank building 466 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. now stands, for several years ; was many times chosen moderator of town meetings; representative in 1829, 1830, and 1833, and hekl other town offices. He is said to have been a man of great energy- and business abihty. He died September 14, 1842. ALVAII STEVENS, Son of Colonel Josiah and Matilda Erewer Stevens, was born De- cember 12, 1798. He was a farmer and widely-known cattle dealer. He Avas several years collector of taxes, and held other town offices. He built the large brick house on Pleasant street now owned and occupied by E. D. Baker, where he died. PAK/VI^ STEVENS, Son of Colonel Josiah and Matilda Brewer Stevens, was born Sep- tember 11, 1802. He and his three brothers succeeded the father in the management of the Tremont House, of which he subsequently became sole proprietor, which he continued until 1838, when he sold out to Aurelius Dickinson. While keeping the hotel he had an interest in ditferent stage lines, which were quite profitable in those days. During what was known as speculation times in Clare- mont, from about 1830 to 1838, Mr. Stevens engaged in several dif- ferent enterprises, some of which were not fortunate, owing more to the financial condition of the country than to any want of care or good judgment on his part. ITnder his management the excel- lence of the Tremont House became very widely known and he famous as an accomplished landlord. About 1843 he had a call to go to Boston and keep the l>lew' England Coffee House, which he accepted. For capital he took with him little more than energy, industry, ability, and integrity. His success in that house was such that in 1846, when the ]\Iassachusetts Mechanics' Charitable Asso- ciation built the Revere House, the most extensive and elegantly finished, furnished, and equipped hotel in the countrj', they invited Mr. Stevens to take the management of it. This establishment was thought by many to be in advance of the requirements (")f the time. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 467 and that it could not be made to pay; but Mr. Stevens conducted it so well that it became known far and near in a very short time, was a success in every way from the start, and made a reputation for him as the most accomplished hotel manager in the country. He soon became general manager of the Fifth Avenue, New York; the Continental, Philadelphia; the Battle House, Mobile; and the Tremont House, Boston. All these houses were extremely popular and prosperous, and from his share of the proiits of them he accu- mulated a large fortune in a few years. In 1866 Mr. Stevens proposed to donate to the town of Claremont ten thousand dollars towards establishing a high school, on condi- tion that the town vs'ould raise and appropriate a like sum for that purpose. The town called a meeting of its citizens, who without hesitation voted fifteen thousand dollars. ISTot to be outdone by the town, Mr. Stevens made his donation about equal by iron fence for the school ground and in furnishings for the school building ; and the town voted to name the school the Stevens High School. About the time of the completion of the school building Mr. Stevens gave another ten thousand dollars, to be kept as a fund the interest of which should be used toward defraying the expense of the school, and bequeathed in his will forty thousand dollars more to be added to that fund, made paj^able within two years after his death. He died in New York city, April 2-5, 1872. On receiving intelligence of the death of Mr. Stevens the citizens of the town took steps for a suitable memorial service. Ira Colby, Dudley T. Chase, William E. Tutherly, S. a. Jarvis, George N. Farwell, Edward L. Goddard, and Charles M. Bingham were chosen a committee of arrangements, and the day iixed was the 21st of June, at the close of the school year. At 2.30 o'clock, p. m., on that day a procession consisting of the pupils of the town schools Avas formed at the high school building, under the marshalship of Henry E. Barrett, and escorted l)y the Claremont Cornet Band, marched to the town hall, which was literally packed by the people. Dr. Nathaniel Tolles was president. Rev. Dr. Isaac G. Hubbard, the chaplain, offered prayer. The pupils of the high school, under the 4()8 HISTOKY OF CLAEEMONT. leadership of F. F. Haskell, sang the hymn " My Heavenly Home. " John S. Walker delivered a carefully prepared and appropriate ora- tion. Another hymn was sung, and the Rev. H. L. Kelsey pro- nounced the benediction. LINUS STE-\'ENS "Was a son of Meigs Stevens and grandson of Elihu. He was born August 9, 1792, and died March 14, 187S. He was a carpenter by trade; a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, having held the highest offices in the different lodges in town, and a respected citizen. Hj his first wife he had three children, none of whom sur- vive. His second wife was Jerusha Hurlburt, of Lebanon. By this marriage he had two daughters — Emma Jane, the wife of Law- rence A. Tolles, of this town, who is still living : and Sarah Eva, who married Frank P. Thrasher, and died April 13, 1882, at the age of twenty -nine years. Mr. Stevens was painstaking and curious in many waj's. He kept a diary, the last entry in which was : " I have kept a daily record of the weather and where I was every day for thirty-nine years, to the last day of 1871. I now leave it." MATTHIAS STONE Came to Claremont to live in 1770, and was for more than twenty years one of its most prominent and valued citizens. His farm was on what is now the road to Claremont Junction. He was born at "Watertown, Mass., on October 23, 1723. His father, Samuel Stone, died there in 1726. At the age of about five years Matthias went to live with his great-uncle, Dea. Pavid Stone, a blind man, and remained with him until about twenty-three years old, when he went to "Worcester, Mass., where he was married to Susan Chad- wick. From Worcester he removed to Barre, Mass., and was dea- con of the Congregational church there. They had fifteen children — ten sons and five daughters. The two youngest sons, John and Joseph, were born here. His wife died and he afterward married Huldah Fletcher. Four of his sons removed to Cabot, Yt., when GEORGE H. STOWELL, HISTORY OF OLARBMONT. 469 that town began to be settled, and about 1790 he joined them, where he died in 1814 at the age of ninety-one years. While he lived in Claremont Mr. Stone was many times moderator of town meetings and selectman and representative in the legislature. He was a delegate to the convention that adopted the federal constitu- tion, in 1788; was also a justice of the peace, and as such officiated at many marriage ceremonies. GEORGE H. STOWELL, Bon of Amasa Stowell, was born in Cornish, October 28, 1835. His boyhood was spent on a farm and attending the public- schools in that town. He came to Claremont in March, 1860, and engaged in the gravestone and marble manufacturing busi- ness, carrying it on until 1864, when he bought the hardware stock of Levi B. Brown, in the northwest corner store in 0. J. Brown's brick block, where he has been engaged in a M'hole- sale and retail trade in hardware, iron, and coal ever since. He has also been quite extensively engaged in real estate, hav- ing built several first-class tenement houses, all of which he still owns, and is a third part owner of Union block. Mr. Stowell has been prominent in town affairs for thirty years. He was a representative in the New Hampshire legisla- ture in 1871 and 1874; state senator in 1875 and 1876; member of the executive council from 1881 to 1883; aid to Governor Prescott, with the rank of colonel, from 1887 to 1889; member of the conventions to revise and amend the state constitution in 1876 and 1889 ; delegate to the Eepublican national convention to nominate candidates for president and vice-president in 1884; and has been chief engineer of the fire department, with the exception of the year 1878, from 1873 to 1894. He has been a director and vice-president of the People's National Bank from its organization. In 1888 he made a trip to Europe for health and pleasure. 470 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. JOSIAH SWETT Was born in Essex county, Mass., December 20, 1741, and died December 25, 1808. He descended from immigrants from the south, of England early in the colonial period, and settled in Essex county. He came to Claremont in 1783, and bought a farm on Maple avenue, afterward for many years owned and known as the Eli Draper farm, latterly divided up among dif- ferent owners, where he lived until his decease. He had six children — four sons and two daughters. JOSIAH SWETT, JR., Son of Josiah Swett, was born in Wenham, Mass., October 2, 1768, and died December 19, 1843. He came to Claremont in 1793, and bought a farm on Maple avenue, adjoining that of his father, directly west of the Wilson place, afterward owned and occupied by the late Ira Colby. He raised up a family of ten children — three sons and seven daughters — among whom were Dr. John L. Swett, an eminent physician, of Newport, and the late Rev. Josiah Swett, an Episcopal clergj'man, of Highgate, Vt. DR. JOHN L. SWETT, Second son of Josiah Swett, Jr., vpas born on Maple avenue, Claremont, February 7, 1810. He studied medicine with Dr. Nathaniel Tolles, then in practice in Reading, Vt., and with Dr. Thomas B. Kittredge, in Claremont; received the degree of M. D. at Jefferson College, Philadelphia, in 1836, and soon after commenced practice at Newport, which was quite extensive for more than fiftj' years, and held a prominent place in his profession, being a member of the National Medical Association, an honorary member of the California State Medical Society, and a member since 1841 of the New Hampshire Medical So- ciety, of which latter he was president in 1874. Dr. Swett was twice married, but is now a widower. By the first marriage he had four children — two sons and two daughters — only one of HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 471 whom, Mrs. C. C. Shattuck, of Sau Francisco, Cal., survives. In the eighty-fifth year of his age he is in full possession of his mental faculties and straight and active, like a much younger man. When eighty years old he retired from active practice. KEY. JOSIAH SWETT, Third son of Josiah Swett, Jr., was born on Maple avenue, Olaremont, August 4, 1814, and died at Highgate, Vt., January 4, 1890. He was for many years a well-known successful teacher in Claremont and elsewhere; became an Episcopal clergyman and was settled as rector at Bethel and Highgate, Vt., being succeeded at the latter place in the rectorship by his son, the Rev. Paul F. Swett. He had ten children — five sons and five daughters — all of whom, except one daughter, are living. ISEN.TAMIN SUMNER "Was one of the earliest settlers of the town. He was selectman in 1769 and 1770 ; town clerk in 1774 and 1775 ; moderator in 1784 and 1785 ; representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1784, 1785, 1793, and 1794 ; and was a civil magistrate for many years. He died here in May, 1815. DK. M'lLLIAM SUMNEU Came from Hebron, Conn., to Claremont, in 1768, and was the first practitioner of medicine in town. He was moderator of town meeting in 1769, and a useful and influential citizen. He owned the Cupola farm, and died there March 4, 1778. .TOHN W. TAPPAN, Son of Rev. John Tappan, was born in Claremont in 1807, and died December 29, 1869. He attended Kimball Union Academy, Meriden ; studied law with his uncle, Weare Tappan, of Brad- ford ; was admitted to the bar of Sullivan county, but did not practice his profession. He married Harriet Erskine, who died 472 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. October 3, 1873, at the age of sixt^'-live years. She left to the town, by will, the most of her estate, which amounted to thirty thousand dollars, the interest of which was to be expended in pay- ing prizes to meritorious scholars in the public schools of the town. Mr. Tappan was for several years president of the Con- necticut Eiver Bank at Charlestowii. He built the large brick house on Broad street, now owned by the widow of Prentis Dow, where he died. They had two sons, both of whom died before their parents. .lOSEFH TAYLOK Was engaged in the Cape Breton War in 1745 ; in the French and Indian War in 1755, and in the Eevolutionary War. While he and a companion bj' the name of Farwell were hunting in the woods of Maine, near Snow's Falls, on the Little Androscoggin river, in 1755, they were both captured by a party of Indians, taken to Canada, and sold to the French. For a long time he was kept so closely confined that his friends could learn nothing of him. He finally succeeded, after several attempts, in making his escape, wandered through the woods, subsisting upon what he could find, and after an absence of several months — the late Solon G. Grannis said seven years — he reached his home. He was cap- tain in Col. Timothy Bedel's regiment, raised by order of con- gress, in New Hampshire for the expedition against Canada, in 1777, and served in other organizations during the Revolutionary War. He was one of the selectmen of Claremont in 1772 and several succeeding years. In 1777, by a vote of the town, he was excused from serving on the board because he was about to join the army. He married a daughter of Dr. William Sumner, and died ill Avliat is known as the John Sumner house, on the Cupola farm. He was buried in the cemetery at Cornish Center. The inscription on his tombstone is : " Capt. Joseph Taylor, died March 17th, 1813, aged 83 years. " A neighbor once, kind, generous, brave. Yes reader know this is a heroe's grave." EDWARD J. TENNEY. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 473 AMOS J. TENNEY Went from Rindge to Greenwich, Mass., and from the latter place came to Claremont in 1837, his father, Amos Tenney, coming with him, who died May 17, 1839, at the age of fifty-live years. Amos J. formed a connection with the Claremont Carriage Company and was involved with its complicated affairs until they were closed up in 1843. He was engaged in trade with Samuel P. Fiske under the firm name of Fiske, Tenney & Co., from 1838 to 1845, after which he followed farming and trading in various commodities. He was an active, careful, and thrifty man. He died August 8, 1855, at the age of forty-seven years, leaving a widow, a second wife, and three sons, viz.: Charles A., born at Greenwich, January 23, 1834, graduated at Dartmouth College in the class of 1855, and died August 10, 1856 ; Edward J., born at Greenwich, December 11, 1836; George P., born in Claremont, February 9, 1838, who for several years held a position in the war department at Washington, D. C, and died there suddenly of heart failure, Sep- tember 12, 1892. He enlisted in the War of the Rebellion, under Capt. W. P. Austin, in April, 1861 ; was sergeant of Co. H, Sec- ond Regiment, New Hampshire Volunteers; wounded in the hand and mustered out at the end of his three years term of enlistment, June 21, 1864, leaving an honorable record as a soldier. EDWAKD J. TENNEY Was born December 11, 1836. At the time of the death of his father Mr. Tenney was less than nineteen years old. With a step- mother and older brother, both in feeble health, and a younger brother, the business affairs of his father, with which he was well acquainted, and the settlement of the estate, seemed to rest largely upon him. He assumed the responsibility and managed things with the judgment of one of more mature years. He was a clerk in the general stores of James P. Brewer and Charles M. Bingham until he reached his majority, soon after which he formed a copart- nership with Edwin W. Tolles in the grocery business, under the 474 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. firm name of Tolles & TenneJ^ Subsequently he was engaged with J. W. Deane, under the firm name of J. W. Deaue & Co., in the cigar and tobacco business; with K. W. Farvvell, as Far- well & Tenney, and also with Augustus Barrett, as Barrett & Tenney, in shoe manufacturing. Mr. Tenney was director of the Claremont ISTational Bank from 1881 to 1893 ; is now director of the People's National Bank; director and treasurer of the Sulli- van Park Association; director and manager of the Claremont Bridge Company ; director and treasurer of the Claremont Electric Light Company; director and treasurer of the Claremont Building Association ; and on the committee for the building of Hotel Clare- mont. In 1871 and 1872 he was a representative in the New Hampshire legislature, and from 1881 to 1887, by election and ap- pointment he was one of the state railroad commissioners. In the fifteen years preceding 1892, as executor, administrator, trustee, and guardian, he had the care, management, and settlement of many estates — some of them quite large and more or less compli- cated — in all which fiduciary positions he discharged his duties ably and faithfully. In December, 1891, he was appointed judge of probate for Sullivan county, which office he still holds. GEORGE A. TENNEY, Born in Claremont February 9, 1864, is the only surviving child of Edward J. Tennej'. He was employed in the office of the Boston and Lowell railroad, Boston, two years, when, in 1887, by reason of the ill health of his older brother, who was cashier of a bank in Kansas, he went to fill his place, and remained there engaged in banking in that state and ISTebraska until the spring of 1892, when he returned to Claremont and took the position of cashier of the People's National Bank, which he has since held. GEORGE TICKNOR, Son of Benjamin and grandson of Elisha Tieknor, of Lebanon, who was a lieutenant in the Revolutionary army, was born in Boston, April 14, 1822. He took a preparatory course at Kimball Union DR. NATHANIEL TOLLES. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 475 Academy ; entered Dartmouth College, where he graduated in 1847; studied law with the late Judge George W. ISTesmith, of Franklin ; was admitted to the bar, opened an oiBce in Claremont in 1852, and continued in practice here about ten years. From 1854 to 1859 he was solicitor for Sullivan county. He was author of the Gazetteer of the State of New Hampshire, which forms a large part of the book entitled "New Hampshire As It Is." In 1862 he removed from Claremont to Marlow, from there to Keene, and was editor of the Ncav Hampshire Sentinel. He died De- cember 25, 1866. JOHN THOMAS. John Thomas was among the first settlers of Claremont. He came from Connecticut in 1768 and bought the farm on Red Water brook in the north part of the town, where he died May 24, 1798, at the age of sixty-eight years. His son Zina succeeded to the farm, and after his death Alonzo, son of Zara and grandson of John, went into possession of it. Alonzo Thomas was born August 28, 1807, and died on that farm December 20, 1890. His son, Charles L. W. Thomas, has owned it since the death of his father. It has been in possession of the Thomas family one hundred and twenty- six years. The house, now standing, is one of the oldest frame houses in town. DK. NATHANIEL TOLLES Was the fifth and youngest son of John Tolles. He was born at "Weathersfield, Vt., September 17, 1805, and died in Claremont, June 24, 1879. When thirteen years old he came to Claremont with his parents. He fitted for college at the school of Rev. Virgil H. Barber, West Claremont, but did not take a college course. He studied medicine with Dr. James Hall, of Windsor, Vt., and Dr. Charles G. Adams, of Keeue ; attended lectures at Bowdoin and Dartmouth colleges, and received his degree at the latter in jSTovember, 1830. He was appointed resident physician at the 476 HISTORY OP CLAKBMONT. South Boston almshouse, where he remained six months, and then located in Reading, Vt, remained there ten years, and in March, 1842, came to Claremont, where he passed the remainder of his life in an extensive practice of his profession. He was a member of the first board of county commissioners, elected in 1858 ; presidential elector of ISTew Hampshire in 1860, and member of the New Hamp- shire constitutional convention in 1876. DK. CLAKENCE W. TOI.LES, Son of the late Dr. JSTathaniel Tolles, was born in Claremont, April 30, 1845. He studied medicine with his father; graduated at Bellevue Medical College in 1868 ; studied one year at University Medical College, London ; was associated with his father in prac- tice until the latter's death, in June, 1879, when he succeeded to the practice of the firm, making a specialty of surger}'. WILLIAM E. TDTHERLY, Second son of the late Samuel Tutherly, was born in Unity, Janu- ary 27, 182-3, and died January 8, 1898. He came to Claremont with his parents in 1833, which was ever afterwards his home. He attended ISTorwich, Vt, Military University two years, but did not graduate. He was selectman seven years, his first term being 1860 and his last 1874 ; county commissioner from 1876 to 1885 ; repre- sentative in the 'Sew Hampshire legislature in 1865, 1866, and 1878 ; member of the governor's council in 1867 and 1868, and for several years a director in the Claremont ISTational Bank. "When not occu- pied with his public duties Mr. Tutherly gave his attention to farming. He was a careful, painstaking, and prudent business man. June 1, 1847, he married Lorette C, daughter of Sherman Eossiter, who died January 8, 1888, just five years before the death of her husband, at nearly the same hour of the day and in the same house, leaving three children — Capt. H. E. Tutherly, of the United States army; Mrs. F. W. Haubrich, of Montreal; and William Tutherly, assistant clerk of the New Hampshire house of repre- sentatives. DR. CLARENCE W. TOLLES. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 477 HERBERT E. TDTHERLY, Son of the late "William E. Tutherly, was born in Claremont April 5, 1848. He was appointed cadet at West Point July 1, 1868 ; graduated and commissioned second lieutenant, First U. S. Cavalry, June 14, 1872 ; promoted first lieutenant of same, April 14, 1879, and captain of same, January 15, 1891 ; received the honorary degree of M. A. from the University of Vermont in 1885. He has served on regimental duty about fourteen years, and college duty about eight years. He was detailed by the war department as professor of military science and tactics at the Uni- versity of Vermont, 1881-85 ; at Cornell University, 1889-92 ; and at the University of Vermont, September 1, 1893. BENJAMIN TYLER "Was born at "Walliiigford, Conn., February 22, 1732, and died at Claremont March 9, 1814. He removed to Farmington, Conn., and from there came to Claremont, traveling on foot, in the spring of 1767, and that summer built the first dam across Sugar river, at West Claremont, in the same place where the Jarvis and Coy dam now is, having been given a grant of the privilege and a small tract of land for that purpose by the proprietors of the town. After the completion of the dam he returned to Farmington, and the following March started with his Avife, six children, and house- hold eifects on an ox sled, for Claremont. At Montague, Mass., he was detained by a snow storm, and in the time, being an ingen- ious mechanic, made a pair of cart wheels for the landlord, in pay- ment for his entertainment. From Bellows Falls there was no road, and he came from there on the ice of Connecticut river. On arrival here he stopped with Daniel Warner, who came the year before and built a log-house near where Lottery bridge now is. Soon after Mr. Tyler's arrival the ice in Sugar river broke up, formed a dam where it empties into the Connecticut, the water set back, and the family were forced to leave the house on a raft. The Tylers lived with the Warners until the former built a log- house near where he had erected a dam the year before. 478 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. That year, 1768, Mr. Tyler built a grist-mill and saw- mill on the north side of the river, in connection with his dam. For two or three years after this the crops were almost a failure, and there was considerable suffering in consequence. The millstones were obtained on Ascutney mountain, and were brought over Connecti- cut river on the ice. The quarry from which these stones were taken was worked by Mr. Tyler and his sons for several years. The blocks were brought in a rough state to "West Claremoiit, where they were finished into millstones, and supplied mills in pretty nearly all parts of IsTew England, ISTew York, and Canada, In consideration of Mr. Tyler's having built the mills the pro- prietors of the town gave him ten acres of land on the south side of Sugar river, opposite the mills. He purchased the land on the north side of the river, from where the High bridge now stands to the line of the Dustin farm ; eight acres south of the river, op- posite the site of the High bridge, and a tract extending from the Lawrence A. Tolles place to where the town house now is, and was granted fifty acres on what was called Big Meadow, east of the village. He built and occupied for a homestead the large two- story house at West Claremont, which has been known as the Maynard tavern stand for the last fifty years. About 1790 Mr. Tyler built a dam near the site of the High bridge, and a forge and smelting works in connection with it. The ore used was brought from Charlestown, and the lime from Weathersfield, Vt. John Strowbridge came from Bridgewater, Mass., superintended this establishment, married Mr. Tyler's daugh- ter Patience, and subsequently received this property as a legacy. Mr. Tyler invented and had patented a process for dressing flax, and an improved bucket for a wooden water-wheel with an upright shaft, called the rye fly or tub-wheel, for which he was granted two patents — one in 1800 and the other in 1804. When near sev- enty-five years old he retired from active business, and was suc- ceeded by his three sons, John, Benjamin, Jr., and Noah. He had eleven children, five of whom were born in Claremont. Mr. Tyler was selectman in 1768 and 1769. In his life-time he gave to each of his ten children a good farm. JOHN TYLER, 1ST. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 479 AUSTIN TYLER, Son of Benjamin Tyler, Jr., and grandson of Col. Benjamin Tyler, was born in Claremont January 6, 1790. He was one of the most active, enterprising, and public-spirited men in town in his time. He was selectman nine years, between 1824 and 1834 ; moderator many times ; representative in the ITew Hampshire legislature in 1827, 1828, 1831, 1835, 1836, 1837, and 1842, and state sen- ator in 1838. He died August 12, 1844. JOHN TYLER, A son of Benjamin Tyler, Jr., and grandson of Col. Benjamin Tyler, was born in Claremont in 1803, and died in the first framed house built in town, where he had lived for many years, at West Claremont, Januaiy 13, 1886. He learned the mill-wright trade of his father and followed it until sixty years old. He had six chil- dren — five sons and one daughter — John Henry, Charles Webster, James Andrews, Austin, and Hoell, and Mary Anna. John Henry died at the home of his late father, January 29, 1890, the result of an injury sustained by being thrown from a carriage a few days befoi-e. Charles Webster, James Andrews, and Austin are in busi- ness in New York city, and Hoell is assistant medical superintend- ent of the New York City Hospital for the Insane, at Blackwell's Island. The daughter, Mary Anna, is the widow of Daniel W. Johnson, of Claremont. Mr. Tyler was a representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1850 and 1851, and warden of Union church many years. His father and grandfather had also been wardens of the same church. JOHN TYLER, 2d, Is a son of John Tyler, and grandson of Col. Benjamin Tyler. He was born in Claremont March 26, 1818. He learned the trade of mill-wright, serving an apprenticeship of seven years, and was then for eight years foreman of the shop where he learned his trade, in Barre, Vt. He then came to West Lebanon in 1850, for several years did a large business in building mills, sometimes em- 480 HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. ploying fifty men. He returned to Claremont in 1872, where he has since resided. He was engineer and superintendent in building the Sugar River Paper Mill, is a principal stockholder and presi- dent of the company. In 1856 he invented and got patented the iron Tyler turbine water-wheel, the first iron water-wheel ever made, since Avhich he has been granted nine patents for improve- ments on it. These are now running iu most of the states and territories in the Union and in the Canadas. He is also the in- ventor and patentee of Tyler's copper cylinder washer, for wash- ing paper stock. In 1872 Mr. Tyler built what is known as the Bible hill aqueduct, to supply Claremont village with pure spring water. It runs to over two hundred families, tie was a repre- sentative in the Ifew Hampshire legislature for the years 1891 and 1892. GEORGE \i. UPHAM. The Uphams have been conspicuous in politics, in business, and socially in this town, county, and state for more than a hundred years, and are entitled to other than a brief notice in this history. The descent of the Uphams with whom this sketch has more immediately to do has been traced back in an unbro- ken line to Hugo de Upham, the first known Upham in England, iu 1208, in a genealogical record of "The Descendants of John Upham," prepared by Frank K. Upham, a captain in the United States arm}-, published in 1892. This record is the result of many years of painstaking and persistent research. The Uphams have l)ecome quite numerous in this country, more espiecially in Mas- sachusetts and ]N"ew England. According to this record, after Hugo de Upham - — without here tracing back through manj- gen- erations and naming each minutely — in a direct line came Kich- ard Upham, who held the copyhold estate in Bykton in 1546 ; then John Upham, who emigrated to jSTew England with the Hull colony, settled in what is now Weymouth, Mass., and soon re- moved to Maiden, where his son Phineas was born, being the first Upham born in America, and from whom all of the name GEORGE B. UPHAM. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 481 in this country have descended. He was a lieutenant in the King Philip War in 1675. At the storming of Fort Canonicus, De- cember 19, 1675, his captain, Johnson, was killed early in the engagement, and Lieutenant Upham was in command of the company until he was mortally wounded. He died of his wounds October 8, 1676. The heads of the next two generations also bore the name of Phineas. The third was the father of Br. Jabez Upham, of Brookfield, Mass., who had a son Phineas, the father of the subject of this sketch. George B. Upham died in Claremont on February 10, 1848, soon after which an interesting article, connecting the family with the trying events immediately preceding the Revolutionary War, appeared in^the Boston Daily Advertiser, from which many of the following facts are gathered : George B. Upham's father, Captain Phineas Upham, of Brookfield, Mass., was a representative from that town in the last House of Assembly convened in Massachusetts, by writs of election issued by royal authority. General Gage, at a moment when he flattered himself that there was a reaction in the popular sentiment, dissolved a refractory House, and ordered the election of a new As- sembly. The precepts were issued on the first day of September, 1774 ; and they directed that representatives who might be elected, convene at Salem on the fifth day of October following. The result of the election was found to be most unfavorable to the royal cause, an increased number of patriots being returned to the Hou.se. On the twenty-eighth day of September His Excellency issued a proclamation discharging the members elect from attendance, and de- claring his intention not to be present at the time specified in the writs of election. It was at once resolved not to pay any regard to the proclamation of the twenty-eighth of September. The right of the governor to prorogue a House of Assembly before it had convened was denied, and ninety members, belonging to the popular party, and constituting a majority of the whole number elected, made their appearance in the Court House at Salem, on the fifth of October, 1774. They awaited in silence the appearance of His Excellency to administer to them the usual oaths. Thus passed the day. The next morning they met again, and again awaited the appearance of the governor. But he came not. On the third day, having chosen John Hancock their chairman, and Benjamin Lincoln their clerk, and, considering the executive department of the govern- ment as derelict, they assumed the entire legislative and political control of the colony, and declared themselves a Provincial Congress. This procedure severed the tie that bound Massachusetts to the throne of Great Britain, and may be 482 HISTORY OF CLAEEMOMT. considered the very first act of the American Revolution, regarded as a civil or political transference of allegiance. The body of men who took this step crossed the Rubicon ; they pointed and led the way by which the colonies, without convulsion or misrule, without any suspension of law or order, without being for a moment cut adrift upon a sea of anarchy, passed from the sov- ereignty of the mother country into the quiet and regular enjoyment of inde- pendence and self government. Captain Phineas Upham of Brookfield was an active and faithful member of the Congress that accomplished this great and momentous work. George B. Upham was born at Brookfield, December 9, 1769. He received his preliminary education at Philhps Exeter Acad- emy, and graduated at Harvard College in 1789. He studied law with bis older brother, Jabez, who had established himself in practice in Claremont. Soon after his admission to the bar, Jabez left his business to his brother, and returned to bis native town. George B. found himself in an extensive practice, and continued in active and lucrative professional employment until, at the age of sixty years, he voluntarily relinquished it. He was a sound lawyer — a persuasive rather than a brilliant advocate — and a safe and able counselor, whose legal opinions might always be relied upon. Mr. Upham was representative of his town in the S'ew Hamp- shire legislature fifteen years, his first election being in 1796, and his last in 1821, and was speaker of the house in 1809, and again in 1815, and state senator in 1814. He was elected mem- ber of congress in 1801, and declined a re-election. This was during the administration of Thomas Jefterson, when the northern and southern sections of the confederacy often clashed. Mr. Upham uniformly and boldly advocated the rights of New Eng- land. Early in his term in congress, an incident occurred illus- trating the difference in temper and spirit of the northern and southern character. The eccentric and irascible John Randolph of Roanoke had an overbearing and oftensive way of making New England members whom he could intimidate by his inso- lence turn out for him on sidewalks or wherever he chanced to meet them. Mr. Upham had heard of this, and soon after his HISTORY OF CLAKEMONT. 483 arrival in Washington, met Mr. Randolpli on a narrow sidewalk, and determined to come to an understanding with the arrogant Virginian then and there. Mr. Uphara placed himself on the inside of the walk and the two met face to face. Mr. Randolph instantly took the measure of the large and powerfully built New Englander, and seeing something in his eye that boded trouble if he persisted, stepped aside and let Mr. Upham pass, not a word being uttered by either of the gentlemen. Ever after that Mr. Randolph treated Mr. Upham with marked politeness. Mr. Upham was president during its existence of the first Clare- mont bank. By his legal professional business, good judgment, and economy he accumulated a large fortune for his time. He died at his residence on Broad street, on the spot where the Stevens High School building now stands, of a paralytic affection. His usual good health continued unimpaired until within a few hours of his decease, in the seventy-ninth year of his age. His death was announced at the next session of the court at Newport, and it immediatel}' adjourned. He was buried with the impressive ceremonies of the Episcopal church, of which he had long been a member. A funeral discourse was preached in the old octagon brick church, on the occasion, by the late Rev. Dr. Clapp, of Bellows Falls, Vt. A large concourse of people of his own and surrounding towns, testified by their presence their respect for his character and appreciation of the public services of his early and active life, of the integrity of his principles, and of the kind- ness of his heart. JABEZ UPHAM Was a son of Captain Phineas Upham, of Brookfield, Mass., and an older brother of George B. Upham. He graduated at Harvard College in 1785, came to Claremont in 1789, opened a law office in a small building which stood just south of the Breck house. West Claremont, and was representative in the New Hamp- shire legislature in 1792. He remained in town about three years, and then returned to Brookfield. He acquired a large practice and 484 ' HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. a leading position at the "Worcester county bar; was elected to con- gress in 1807, from Massachusetts, served two terms, and died in 1811. DR, J. BAXTER UPHA.M, Tliird son of George B. Upham, was born May 13, 1820. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1842, and Harvard Med- ical School in 1847, having in the mean time studied his pro- fession at Dartmouth, Bowdoin, the University of Pennsylvania, and the medical department of Harvard College. He afterwards further pursued his studies in the hospitals of London and Paris. Soon after his graduation he settled in Boston, in a general pirac- tice, being often called in consultation with his medical brethren. He was president of the Handel and Haydn Societj-, of Boston, from 1860 to 1870 ; the Boston Music Hall Association from 1864 to 1880 ; and chairman of the music committee of the Boston public schools from 1857 to 1872. While president of the Music Hall Association, Dr. Upham went to Europe, where, after spending much time in visiting the most celebrated organs and organ builders in the Old World, he contracted for " The Great Organ " which was pilaced in the Boston Music Hall in jSTovember, 1863, and has since attracted the attention and admiration of music lovers throughout the land. Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, in a description of it in the Atlantic Monthly, at the time, said, " It is the most precious work of art that ever floated from one continent to the other." In 1862 Dr. Upham offered his services as a phj-sician to the government, in whatever capacity he might be most iiseful in, the War of the Rebellion, which were gladly accepted. He was after- wards given the constructive rank of major and assigned im- portant duties with the Eighteenth Army Corps. He organized the General Army Hospital at ]N"ewbern, K". C, and had charge of it during the winter of 1862 and the spring of 1863. Dr. Upham's life has been largely devoted to science and art. His profound study of the diseases to which humanity is subject. HISTORY OF CLAEEMONT. 485 his scientific treatment of them, and the results of his experience and observation, as contributed to medical and scientific journals, have made him distinguished in scientific and art circles, as well as in his chosen profession. Since 1887 his home has been in New York city. JAMES p. trPHAM, Fourth son of George B. Upham, was born October 17, 1827, and graduated at Dartmouth College in 1850. Soon after his graduation he acquired an interest in the iron foundry and machine shop, which has since grown into the Sullivan Machinery Company, of which he was president twenty-five years, up to 1892. He is an owner in and president of the Brandon, Vt., Italian Marble Company, and has also been extensively engaged in farm- ing. He was a representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1865 and 1866, and is warden of Union church. He has five children — three sons and two daughters. Of his sons, J. Duncan is treasurer of the Sullivan Machinery Company; George B. is a lawyer in Boston ; and Samuel R. is a practicing physician here. DR. SAMUEL R. UPHAM, Third son of James P. Upham, was born October 9, 1861. He attended Stevens High School three years, and graduated at Gran- ville, N. Y., Military Academy in 1879; studied at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York city, three years, and graduated at the University of Vermont in 1887. He was interne two years, externe in the outpatient surgical department two years, and surgeon three years at the Rhode Island Hospital, Providence ; in general practice in that city from 1887 to 1892, during which period he was attending physician to Providence day nursery, and also four years to Providence dispensary. He has been in general practice of his profession in Claremont since September, 1892. EDWIN VAUGHAN "Was born at Chelsea, Vt, September 14, 1832, and died at Clare- mont December 18, 1890. His father's family came from Bridge- 486 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. water, Mass., to Chelsea, and in 1834 removed to Taftsville, in the town of Woodstock, Vt. He graduated at Kimball Union Academj', Meriden, in 1855 ; studied law in the Law University, Albany, IST. Y. ; was admitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced the practice of his profession in Claremont, in partnership with the late Alexander Gardiner, in an office at the lower village, in 1858. In December, 1861, he enlisted in the New Hampshire Cavalry as a private, passed through the several grades, and was commissioned captain of Troop A in March, 1864. He was assist- tant provost marshal of the Eighth Army Corps, and stationed at Baltimore, Md., the last six months of his service, and was discharged June 7, 1865. He was a member of the New Hamp- shire legislature in 1866 and 1867; United States revenue in- spector in 1867 and 1868 ; member of the Chicago Kepublican convention which nominated General Grant for president in 1868 ; was appointed United States consul at Coaticook, Canada, from April, 1869, to 1881, when he returned to Claremont, and was appointed judge of probate for Sullivan county, June 7, 1883, which office he held until his death. June 20, 1860, he married Elizabeth L., daughter of the late Eev. S. G. Tenney, of Spring- field, Vt, by whom he had two sons — the oldest died in Canada, and the other, Frank T., is a lawyer in Claremont. CARL A. VOLK, M. D., Was born in Hamburg, near Frankfort, Germany, June 18, 1812. He came to America in 1834, and settled in Ohio. He came to Claremont in 1844, and had a large practice as long as he lived. Dr. Volk studied in Heidelberg, and took the degree of M. D. irom Dartmouth College in 1859. He died in Claremont March 3, 1883. JOSEI'H WAITE. Among the planters of Watertown, Mass., was Richard Waite who came from England, and in 1637 became a proprietor by pur- chasing all the lands and rights of one of the original grantees of HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 487 tlie town. Of his three sons, John, Thomas, and Joseph, the de- scendants of the former removed to Framhigham, Mass., Joseph removed to Marlboro', Mass., and Thomas remained in Water- town, where he acquired considerable property. His sons were John, Richard, Thomas, and Joseph. The two first died in the early Indian wars; Thomas removed to Lyme, Conn., and M^as the ancestor of Henry M. Waite, late chief justice of Connecticut, whose son, Morrison E. "Waite, was chief justice of the United States, and Marvin Wait, a distinguished lawyer of the Revolu- tionary period, whose son, John Turner Wait, was late representa- tive in congress from Connecticut. Joseph removed from Water- tOAvn to the adjoining town of Sudbury, and had one son, John, who, with his father, removed to Brookfield, Mass., in 1746, and opened an inn on the post-road from Boston to Albany, which was widely known for many years as the " Old Waite Tavern." He had seven sons, John, Joseph, Thomas, Benjamin, Richard, Jedu- than, and William. The subject of this sketch, Lieut. Col. Joseph Waite, second son of John, the tavern-keeper, was born at Sudbury, Mass., in 1732. In May, 1754, he entered the provincial army, for the de- fense of the eastern frontiers; the following December he was corporal of a company of rangers in the Crown Point expedition, stationed at Falltown, in the line of forts commanded by Col. Israel Williams ; in February, 1756, he was appointed ensign of his company, which was attached to Col. Dwight's regiment, with headquarters at Forts Edward and William Henrj'. Among his associates were Robert Rogers, the famous ranger, Israel Putnam, and John Stark. In 1757 he was transferred to the corps of rangers commanded by Rogers. The rangers were raised in New England, paid by the Crown, and officered by the most hardy, in- telligent, and enterprising partisans of that day, many of whom were afterwards distinguished in the Revolutionary War. They were picked men, of extraordinary bodily powers, combined with the most acute mental energies, and were trained in a discipline of their own. Their services were attended by difficulties and hard- 488 HISTORY OP CLAREMONT. ships, and beset with dangers in which men of ordinary stamina would never think of engaging. In 1759 Mr. Waite was commis- sioned captain of a company of rangers, and served continuously in that capacity until the end of the French and Indian War, in 1761, when that organization was disbanded. Captain "Waite re- turned to Brookfield, where he was elected to several important town offices. The history of Brookfield, Mass., says that "in 1762 he married a sister of Colonel jSTathan Stone, of Shrewsbury, Mass. , who, with his father Zedekiah and brothers 'avid and Samuel^ were prominent in the Erench War. In 1767 they were all living in Windsor, Vt., which had been chartered to, them the previous year, and where by their exertions and enterprise, they increased the wealth and prosperity of the place, and rendered it, at an early period, one of the most flourishing and popular villages in the ISTew Hampshire Grants, as Vei'mont was then called." From what follows in the same history it is inferred that Joseph Waite and his brother Benjamin became inhabitants of Windsor at nearly the same time as did the Stones. The first settlers of the towns in New Hampshire and Vermont,, bordering on Connecticut river, knowm as the New Hampshire Grants, had derived their titles to the lands from the royal gov- ernor of New Hampshire. In 1768 a claim to this territory on the west side of Connecticut river was set up by the governor of New York, and many attempts were made to dispossess the occu- pants, who resolutely denied the authority of New York over them or their possessions. For their own protection the organiza- tion known by the name of the Green Mountain Boys was called into existence, of which -Joseph and Benjamin Waite and Nathan and Samuel Stone were active members, and large rewards were oftered by the governor of New York for their delivery, with others, marked for the punishment of death. In 1770 the Waites and Stones had been arrested by High Sherift' Daniel Whipple, acting under a New York commission, for resistance to the assumed authority of that state, and had been rescued by a number of armed men. To retake them Whipple collected a posse of a dozen HISTOKY OF CLAREMONT. 489 or fifteen persons, and went with them to the house of Joseph Waite, in order to arrest him, but were met by a party led by the latter, overpowered, and kept prisoners for several hours. In June of that year, Colonel Stone, Captain Waite, and others appeared at a court held in Chester and emphatically denied any authority of New York over them or their grants. In 1771 the Green Mountain Boys were formed into a regiment, of which Ethan Allen was colonel, and Joseph "Waite captain of one of the companies. He was with Ethan Allen in the memor- able capture of Ticonderoga, in 1775, and served in Canada during the following campaign. In 1766 Captain Waite was granted five hundred acres of land in the southwest corner of the town of Claremont, together with three small islands in the Connecticut river opposite thereof, which has for many years been known as the Hubbard farm. Captain Waite came to live in Claremont in 1773, and was a mem- ber of the provincial congress of New Hampshire in 1775-76. In January, 1776, he was appointed lieutenant-colonel of Col. Timo- thy Bedel's regiment, raised in New Hampshire for the defense of Canada. In a severe skirmish, a few days before the battle of Val- cour, Lieutenant-Colonel Waite was wounded in the head by a splinter from a gun-carriage and on his way home died at Clar- endon, Vt. He was buried with military honors, at the roadside, about two miles from Clarendon Springs. On the spot a monu- ment was erected which bears upon it the following inscription : " To perpetuate the memory of Lieut. Col. Joseph Waite, an officer in the American Kevolutionary War, who died on his re- turn from an expedition into Canada, September 28, 1776 ; this stone is erected in testimony of respect by his brethren in arms." On the monument is the figure of an officer in full uniform with a raised sword, and beneath it is the inscription: "Our common country claims our aid. Living or dying I will defend her." This monument is surrounded by a strong iron fence. 490 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. OTIS F. E. WAITE. The family of Waites trace their descent from Richard Waite, Avho immigrated from England and became a proprietor of Water- town, Mass., in 1637, by purchasing all the lands and rights of one of the original grantees of the town. Among his descendants may be named Lieut. Col. Joseph Waite, of Eevolutionary fame; Morri- son E. Waite, late chief justice of the United States; John T. Wait, of Norwich, Conn., an ex-member of congress; and Albert S. Wait, an able lawyer of Newport, the only brother of the sub- ject of this sketch. His father was Daniel Wait, an ensign in the war of 1812, and major-general of the Vermont state militia. Otis F. R. Waite, the writer of this History of Claremont, was born in Chester, Vt, March 3, 1818. He learned the trade of printer in New York city, was foreman of the Cheshire Republi- can at Keene from 1838 to 1847; editor and publisher of the Spirit of the Times, which was merged in the American News ; was associate editor of the Springfield, Mass., Republican; editor and publisher of the Berkshire County Eagle, Pittsfield, Mass., during various terms prior to his purchase of the National Eagle, Claremont, which he edited and published from April, 1854, to April, 1859. He was engrossing clerk of the New Hampshire legislature in 1856 and 1857; state insurance commissioner three years following 1859; and associate editor of the American Stock Journal, published in New York city, four j'ears. He also compiled the New Hampshire Register, published by the Clare- mont Manufacturing Company, three years. Upon the breaking out of the War of the Rebellion, in April, 1861, Governor Goodwin appointed Mr. Waite general recruiting officer for Sullivan county, and soon after military secretary of the war committee of the governor's council, and he was re-appointed by Governor Berry upon his succession to office in June, 1861, in which position he rendered efficient service in the organization, equipment, and transportation of the early regiments sent to the front by New Hampshire. After the close of the war he prepared ''■ Claremont War History," "New Hampshire in the Great Rebel. JOHN S. WALKER. HISTORY OF CLARE MONT. 491 lion," and "Vermont in the Great Eebellion," books of permanent value locally and. in the general history of the civil war. He was also author of " Eastman's Eastern Coast Guide Book." On the occa- sion of the meeting of the New Hampshire Historical Society in Claremont for its annual field-day, September 29, 1891, Mr. Waite, by special request, prepared a paper giving sketches of the " Early History of Claremont," which he read to the large company of members and guests, and which has since been published by the society in its " Transactions " and in pamphlet form. It may be mentioned that while living in Keene Mr. Waite was promoted from the ranks of the famous Keene Light Infantry com- pany to quartermaster, adjutant, and major of the 20th Regiment of New Hampshire militia, and was appointed brigade inspector in 1845. Major Waite bears his seventy-six years of active life with uncom- mon bodily and mental vigor, giving promise of yet many years of usefulness in his chosen pursuits. He and his estimable wife cele- brated their golden wedding on September 10, 1893. J. s. w. JOHN S. WALKER Is the oldest son of the late Rev. John Walker, a native of Bedford, whose father, Robert Walker, and uncle, James Walker, were the earliest settlers of that town, going from Londonderry, the famous New Hampshire Scotch-Irish settlement, and of Arethusa (Hum- phrey) Walker, daughter of Dr. Royal Humphrey, of Athol, Mass. The Rev. John Walker was a graduate of Dartmouth College in the class of 1808, and the second settled minister of Greenfield, where John S. Walker was born June 19, 1820. He acquired his education mainly under the instruction of his father. When nine- teen years old he became sole proprietor and editor of a daily paper in Buffalo, N. Y., which he continued two years. In 1841 and 1842 he reported the proceedings of the New York legislature for the Albany Free Press. He then became proprietor of a bookstore and was editor of the Cortland County Whig, which he contin- ued for about three years. 492 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. In the spring of 1846 Mr. Walker returned to Few Hampshire and was editor of the Daily Statesman — the first daily paper published in the state — during the memorable session of the New Hampshire legislature which elected Anthony Colby governor and John P. Hale speaker of the house, and also United States senator for six years. In October of the same year, in company with Charles Young, he came to Claremont, and they bought the Na- tional Eagle newspaper establishment, Mr. Walker taking the edi- torial charge of the paper. On May 18, 1848, he was married to Harriet Harris, youngest daughter of the late George B. Upham, in the old round brick church, by the late Bishop Carlton Chase, and the same day they started on a bridal tour on horseback through Vermont, New York state, and Canada, including Montreal and Quebec, returning to Claremont the first of July, having made a journey of one thousand miles. In 1850 Mr. Walker was instrumental in organizing the New Hampshire State Agricultural Society, and the three first j-ears was its secretary. In 1852 he was a delegate to the Whig national con- vention at Baltimore, and with the New Hampshire delegation, on tifty-tAvo successive ballots, voted for Daniel Webster for candidate f(jr president. On the fifty-third ballot they voted for Winfield Scott, and he was nominated. In 1863 Mr. Walker was appointed assistant deputy surveyor of customs for the port of Boston, which position he held until after the death of President Lincoln, when, under Andrew Johnson, a change was made in all departments. On retiring from that position he was for a time on the editorial stafi" of the Boston Journal. Mr. Walker was aid to Governor Berry and also to Governor Gilmore, with the rank of colonel, during the War of the Rebellion, and with the late Mason W. Tappan represented the latter gov- ernor at a meeting of governors of the loyal states at the consecra- tion, in November, 1863, of the National Cemetery at Gettysburg. He was active in procuring the extension of the line of railroad from Bradford to Claremont, and was the first president of the Susrar River railroad, as the extension was then called. HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 493 Mr. Walker has made several trips abroad, spending considerable time in England, Prance, Italy, and Switzerland, visiting South America and making a stay of several weeks in Rio Janeiro. Dur- ing these journeys he was a constant correspondent of the Boston Journal. He was representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1850 and 1851, and delegate in the conventions to revise the state constitution in 1850 and 1870. He was three years a member of the State Board of Agriculture, and with the board visited numerous towns in the state, holding farmers' conventions and making occasional addresses. In local affairs Mr. Walker delivered a memorial address in the town hall on the occasion of the death of Paran Stevens; also one upon the rededication of the town hall, in January, 1868. HORACE p;aton walker Was born at North Charlestown, August 9, 1852. His father was the late Simeon W. Walker, whose father came from Lunenburg, N. Y., to North Charlestown. The subject of this sketch was edu- cated in the public schools and by private tutors. He spent his childhood at the place of his birth, and his later years have been passed in Claremont, where he has been an operative in the Monad- nock mills, occupying his leisure hours with literary work, writing prose and verse, of which he has produced a large amount. In 1885 he gathered and published a volume of over six hundred pages of his own writings. In it is a poem of nearl}' three hundred lines, " The Lady of Dardale," which is the title of the book. His pro- ductions have been published in the collection of New Hampshire Poets, Ballou's and Waverly magazines, the Boston Journal, and many other papers. The Woman's Illustrated World has pub- lished his two serials entitled " All About a Woman," and " Lady Oeraldine," and stories and verses. JOHN H. WAELAND Was a native of Cambridge, Mass., and a graduate of Harvard College. In 1834 he came to Claremont, was the first editor of the 494 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. ISTational Eagle, and continued in that capacity until 1842. He was representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1839 and 1840. After leaving Claremont he was editor of the Lowell Jour- nal and different newspapers in Boston. He was a ready and brilliant writer, and published a book entitled " The Plume," con- taining selections of prose and poetry from his writings. He was insane for several of the last years of his life, and died in an asy- lum at Taunton, Mass., about 1875. THOMAS WARNER Was born in Connecticut in 1748, and died in Claremont in 1818. He came from that state to Newport about 1789, and soon after removed to this town. During the Revolutionary War he served with different Connecticut regiments in New York and Long Island, from 1775 to 1781, as private and sergeant. He was en- gaged in a severe skirmish at Harlem Plains, September 16, and in the battle of White Plains, October 28, 1776. He was selectman five years, first in 1795, and last in 1809, and was prominent in church matters. He was twice married. His oldest daughter, Lucy, married Col. Joseph Alden, of Claremont. His second wife was Huldah, daughter of John Blodgett, of Strafford, Conn. The oldest daughter by this marriage became the wife of Levi Alden, and the second of Lieut. Chester Alden, both of this town, and from their unions have descended a majority of the Claremont Alden families. DK. OSMON B. WAY, Son of Gordon Way, was born in Lempster, March 22, 1840 ; came to Claremont with his parents when four years old, and has since been a resident here, except two or three short inter- vals. He was educated at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, studied medicine with the late Prof A. B. Crosby, M. D., of Hanover, and the late Dr. Nathaniel ToUes, of Claremont; and graduated at Dartmouth Medical College, in 1865, receiving the first prize for scholarship. He was in practice about eighteen DR. OSMON B. WAY. HISTOEY OF CLAREMONT. 495 months at South Acworth, and returned to Claremont in 1867, where he has since continued in the practice of his profession. In December, 1873, he was appointed U. S. examining pension surgeon, and resigned in May, 1882. He was a representative in the xTew Hampshire legislature in 1871 and 1872, and has served more than twenty-five years as superintendent of schools and high school committee. JOSEPH WEBER Was born in the state of Pennsylvania in 1804. He served an ap- prenticeship to the printing business in Norristown, that state; worked as a journeyman in Boston a few years ; came to Clare- mont in 1836, and became joint publisher with John H. Warland of the National Eagle newspaper. In 1842 he bought Mr. War- land's interest and became sole proprietor of the establishment and editor of the paper. In 1846 he sold the paper and its belongings to Messrs. Charles Young and John S. Walker. In 1849 he com- menced the publication of the ISTorthern Advocate, and espoused the cause of the Free Soil party, which he advocated with earnest- ness and vigor until 1856, when the Whig and Free Soil parties united and became the Republican party, and Mr. Weber took up the cause of the new organization. He was a man of positive character and decided opinions, which he expressed with force and clearness in his paper. He advocated temperance and good mor- als whenever he had occasion to speak or write upon these subjects. By reason of senile infirmities he sold the Advocate establishment in 1882. He was representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1857 and 1858. He was an active member of the Methodist church from 1842 until his death. On Sunday evening, December 3, 1883, as was his custom, he went to prayer-meeting in the church vestry, and almost immediate!}' after taking his seat fell to the floor and instantly expired. JOHN M. WHIPPLE, Son of Joel G. Whipple, was born in Lyme, September 16, 1834. His father and grandfather, Jonathan Whipple, went from Marl- 496 HISTORY OF CLARBMONT. boro', Mass., to Lyme, where the former died June 6, 1859, and the latter March 29, 1839. John M. came to Claremont in April, 1856. In 1857 he was made paymaster of the Monaduock mills corporation, which position he held until he was appointed post- master, February 10, 1875, and he held that office until February 22, 1887. He was representative in the New Hampshire legislature for the two years from 1889, and member of the executive council of the state from January, 1891, to January, 1893. On Septem- ber 26, 1860, he married Carrie L., daughter of the late Jonathan Miner, of Claremont, by whom he had a son, John M., Jr., clerk in the Sullivan Savings Institution, and town treasurer in 1894, and a daughter, Lois A. DEACON JONATHAN WHITCOMB, Son of Jacob Whitcomb, was born at Warner, June 8, 1787, and died here January 24, la56, on the farm at the foot of Bible hill, where he settled when he came to town, about 1824. He was chosen deacon of the Congregational church in 1828, and held that office until his death — twenty-eight years. His children were Francis Whitcomb, who succeeded to the farm on the death of his father, and the wife of the late Mighill Dustin. Francis Whitcomb died August 29, 1885, since which the farm has been owned and occupied by his widow, son, George F. Whitcomb, and daughter. Jacob Whitcomb came from Stowe, Mass., and was one of the eight first settlers of Henniker, in 1764. From there he removed to Warner, and from the latter town Jonathan came to Claremont. The farm on which he settled has been owned and occupied by the family nearly seventy j'ears. DR. FREDEKICK 0. WILKINSON Was born in the city of Lincoln, Lincolnshire county, England, June 12, 1843. He was apprenticed for five years to a veterinary surgeon, two years of which he was a student in the Royal "\'eteri- nary College, London. He came to America in 1869, and was engaged in caring for the horses of James H Carter, of Lebanon, HISTORY OF .CLAREMONT. 497 two years, dnriiig which time he continued the study of the profes- sion he had chosen, and practiced some. He came to Claremont in 1871, which has since been his home, and practiced his professit>n with a good degree of success until 1884. He then entered Onta- rio Veterinary College, Toronto, and graduated in 1887, taking the gold medal of his class. He was the first educated veterinary physician and surgeon in this section, and has acquired a large practice, being called long distances to treat valuable animals. HON. ALONZO U. WILLIAMSON Was born at Woodstock, Vt, December 20, 1815. He was edu- cated at Woodstock, Vt., Academy ; studied law in Claremont with P. 0. Freeman ; admitted to the bar in 1837 ; practiced in Clare- mont from 1842 to 1844; then in Cornish about a year. He was appointed postmaster at Claremont May 16, 1845, which office he held four years. At the end of this time he resumed the practice of his profession and continued it in Claremont until his death. In 1850 he was appointed solicitor for Sullivan county, which position he held five years. He was elected state senator in 1852, and re-blected in 1858. He died March 19, 1860. •TCISIAH WILSON Came from Newton, Mass., to Claremont in 1776, bringing his wife and two children on horseback. He bought and settled on the farm on Maple avenue, now owned by his grandson, Jo- siah Wilson, which has been in the family ever since. The farm contained eighty acres, and Mr. Wilson bought it of a Mr. Knights for eight hundred dollars, paying the price with conti- nental money, which soon depreciated and finally became almost worthless. On the premises was a small log cabin, which was replaced in 1780 by a small framed house, now used for a granary. Later a commodious two-story house, barns, and other buildings were erected. Joseph Wilson had born to him ten children — five boys and five girls, — eight of whom lived to maturity, viz. : Joseph, Jr., Jonathan, Nahum, Josiah F., Lydia, 498 HISTORY OF CLABBMONT. Hannah, Abigail, and Mary. Joseph, Jr., Jonathan, and Joseph F. settkd and died in Haverhill. Josiah, Jr., who married a daughter of Deacon Matthias Stone, died at the age of thirty- two years, and his body was brought down Connecticut river on a raft and buried in West Claremont cemetery. Jonathan and Josiah F. lived to old ago. Nahum lived on the home farm until his death, December 5, 1873. Abigail married Asa Dens- more, of Claremont, and had a large family; Lydia married a Mr. Dustin, and died young, leaving one son, Selah; Mary mar- ried Mr. Stuart, and died in 1841. NAHDM WILSON, Son of Joseph, had seven children — five sons and two daugh- ters — of whom only two are ' living — Josiah, who succeeded to the care of the farm and of liis father in his old age, and the widow of Gustavus N. Heath, a near neighbor. These Wilsons have been an industrious and thrifty family, and it has been said of them that they never oppressed the poor nor turned the needy from their door empty handed. THOMAS WOOLSON, Son of Thomas Woolson, was born at Danvers, Mass., in 1777, and came to Claremont about 1813, from which time until his death, July 3, 1837, he was prominent in business and politics. He was well educated, an intelligent mechanic, and an ingenious inventor. His leading business was iron founder and stove maker. He invented and had patented the first cooking stove that met with any success in the United States, about 1818. He also made parlor stoves, some of which are in use at the present time, all known as the Woolson stoves. About the same time he made the first cast-iron plow ever used. It was with considerable difliculty that farmers could be induced to adopt them. He had as partner in the furnace business, Roswell Elmer. The furnace was located just east of the Sullivan Machinery- Company's works. Mr. Woolson carried on some other kinds of HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. 499 business alone and with other partners. He made cards for carding wool, the teeth being bent and set in the leather by hand, an operation in which half the families in town — men, women, and children — employed time not otherwise occupied. This business was continued until a machine was invented which did the whole. He had a machine for spinning cotton yarn, which was sold to work into tow cloth made by housewives at that period. Mr. "Woolson also made several town clocks, that now in the tower of our town hall being one of them. The cards and town clocks were made in a two-story wood building on the south side of Sullivan street, a little east of where the Dr. L. J. Graves dwelling now stands. He lived and died in a one-story house, nearly opposite, on the spot where Dr. Jasper Back's house now is. Mr. Woolson was representative in the New Hampshire legislature in 1825 and 1826; state senator in 1828; and the same year elector of president and vice-presi- dent for New Hampshire, he and his seven colleagues casting their votes for John Quincy Adams for president of the United States. CHARLES JARVIS WOOLSON, Son of Thomas Woolson, was born at Chester, Vt., June 26, 1806, and came with his parents to Claremont about 1813. His mother was a member of the Peabody family, a direct descendant from Lieut. Francis Peabody, who came from St. Albans, England, in the ship Planter, to Massachusetts in 1635. Charles Jarvis Wool- son attended the public schools and the academy kept by the Rev. Yirgil H. Barber, at West Claremont. When old enough to do so he was engaged with his father in the stove and card making busi- ness. In 1830 he married Miss Hannah Pomroy, of Cooperstown, N". Y., a niece of the late James Fenimore Cooper, the novelist. One of their daughters was Miss Constance Fenimore Woolson, the famous novel writer and poetess. After the death of his father Charles Jarvis Woolson removed to Cleveland, Ohio, established an iron foundry and manufactured stoves, which he continued until his death, August 6, 1869. Mr. Woolson was a man of fine literary taste and attainments, an extensive reader, and at one time was 500 HISTORY OF CLAREMONT. engaged in journalism, being part owner of the New England Pal- ladium, published in Boston. For several years immediately pre- ceding his death he was senior warden of Grace church, Cleveland. CONSTANCE FENIMOKE WOOLSON. The subject of this sketch, now well and widely known as an American authoress, daughter of Charles Jarvis "Woolson and granddaughter of Thomas Woolson, was born in Claremont, in the house on Sullivan street next west of the Fiske Free Library building, built and then owned by her father, now owned and occupied by the widow and daughter of Joseph Weber. Her mother was Hannah Pomroy Woolson, granddaughter of Judge William Cooper, the founder of Cooperstown, IST. Y., and niece of James Fenimore Cooper. During her early childhood the family removed to Cleve- land, Ohio, and Constance, who, when quite young, manifested a ■decided taste for literature, inherited and encouraged and aided by both parents, had the best advantages for obtaining a thorough education, and being an industrious student, became well grounded in English and ancient classics ; and in her long residence in Europe acquired a knowledge of the French, German, and Italian languages, so that when she entered the literary field she was well equipped for the work before her. Miss Woolson's first venture was an unpretending descriptive tale, published in Harper's Magazine, the proprietors of which were not slow in discovering the scholarly talent and originality of the author and in securing her exclusive services. Her first books were : Castle Nowhere, Lake Country Sketches, Rodman the Keeper, Southern Sketches, and Anne. Her later ones : For the Major, East Angels, and Jupiter Lights. Horace Chase is but just completed. Besides these prose works she has produced the poems Kentucky Bells and Two Women, and many very pretty shorter poems. For the last twelve years Miss Woolson has resided mostly abroad, in England, France, Switzerland, Germany, and Italy, and has visited Greece, Egypt, and the Holy Land. She died in Ven- ice, Italy, January 24, 1894, INDEX. INDEX OF NAMES. A Ainsworth, Oliver Ralph 388 181, 388 Abot, Elisha 316 Ralph, 2d 180, 308, 387 Abbott, Alba D. 253, 286 Walter . 101, 316, 387 Charles F. 140 Walter H. 181, 388 C. Henry 160 William E. . 181, 388 Joseph C. 248 Aleock, Cyrus B. 76 Samuel C. 308 Alden, Adam 225, 319, 390 Adams, Charles G. 475 Atalanta 319 Daniel . 181 Bedina W. 388 Ephraim 12, 17, 19, 23 Benjamin 319 888, 390 Jeffrey Thornton 302 Chester . 320, 494 John 68 Clementina 320 Rev. John Colman 127 Cynthia . 320 Rev. John G. 126 Dinah 319 Joseph T. . 7, 194 Elvira 320 Rev. Paul S. 257 Esther . 320, 323 Phinehas 23 Ezra B. . 138, 890 Mrs. Susan J. 264 Hannah Kingman 388 Adkins, David . 224 Hattie L. 390 John 224, 306, 371 Henry 319 Timothy 224 Huldah B. . 389 Ager, Hira 24 James 226, 240, 806 Ainsworth, Amariah . 314 314, 320, 323 371, 388 Charles H. 181 ,309,313, 387 Jesse 316 Edward . 225, 236, 272 John 240, 388 309, 312, 364, 387 John, 2d 389 Edwin 346, 388 Joseph . 167 320, 366 Elijah . 387 Levi 388, 494 George J. 180, 388 Levi, 2d . . 389 Harry 388 Louisa M. 388 James E. 301, 387 Luoinda C. 388, 390 Laban 189, 309, 387 Malinda 819 504 INDEX. Aldeii, Mai-y A. P. . . 390 Mary J. 138, 390 Polly . . 319 Priscilla Moliiie 388 Rebekia 314 Scheherazade 319 Sophia . . 320 Thomas W. . 388 Alexander, Abijah . . 23 Daniel S. . 281 Elijah 11, 17, 19 Allds, Jotham G. . 25, 308, 311 Mrs. Jotham G. 266, 348 Allen, Alger V. ... 140 Dr. Arthur N. 333, 390 Bertha S. . 139 Charles S. . . 297 Ethan , . 40, 390, 420, 489 Hemaii . 253, 285 Henry W. 139 Ii-a . 237 John E. 141, 142 John D. . 390 Joseph . 390 Mabel . 316 MaryB. . 140,142 Moses 239, 371 Oscar C. 253, 281 Rosa B. 138 Samuel G. 239 VelmaG. 139 William H. H. . 137, 147 272, 304, 305, 332 348, 364, 390, 391 Ames, Jno. . . 17 Aniidon, John . 115 Anderson, Major Robert 248 Andrews, Achsa 321 Amasa . 240, 314, 321 Amos 321 Amos B. . 320 Irena . 321 Andrews, Luman 321 Martin 371 Samuel H. 182, 354 Angel, Robert . 244 Angier, Frank B. 141 John C. 141 Arma, Garvin 326, 327 Armes, John 12, 19, 23 Ashley, Alpha 322 Clowry 322 Daniel 392 Dewlittle 322 Mrs. Eunice 314 George 322 Luther 179, 315, 322 Oliver 12, 14, 21, 26, .34, 35, 44 46, 82, 104, 180, 224 226, 227, 234, 236, 240 305, 306, 310, 314, 392 Robert 322 Samuel . 9, 11, 13, 14, 19 21, 26, 32, 46, 59, 82 225, 234, 235, 306, 392 Samuel, Jr. 12,14,21,22,26 236, 240, 316, 358, 392 Sarah Atherton, Joshua Atkins, Anna David Harriet P. Israel G. Jerome John Albro Lucia O. Mary Ralph C. Reuben Samuel Timothy, Jr. Thomas J. Atkinson, Theodore 60, 61 322, 324 236 322 322 .322 322, 324 322 316 322 315 101, 322, 324 21, 41, 220, 371 322 . 12, 23 Theodore, Jr. 11, 12, 14, 18, 19 INDEX. 605 Atwater, Asaph . 31, 82 Baker, Edward D. 152, 258 262, 312 Capt. Enos . 16 313, 332 394, 395 Austin, Albert J. , 286 Georgietta A. . 141 Ptuel G. , 277, 280 Henry M. 456 William P. 249, 250 Horace . 390 251, 254, 265, 299 Horace A. 390 309, 312, 393, 478 Bishop Osmon C. 121 Averill, Luther 90 Dr. Oliver 395 Ayer, Ada J. 138 Mrs. 343 Henry G. 297 Baketel, Rev. 0. S. . 124, 125 John L. . 140 Balch, John 345 Rev. Oliver 113, 257 Rev. W. S. 125, Balcom, Bessie R. 126, 127, 154 141, 397 B George L. . 109 151, 152 201, 202, 303 313, 341 Babcock, Rev. D. C. 121, 123 349, 356 364 375, 395 Bacheler, Abel 93 George L., Jr. 397 Back, Minnie A. 140 Henry 395 Jasper 499 Louis West 397 Bacon, Charles H. 287, 341 Mary . 395 Badger, Joseph 63 Micah 397 Bailey, Alice F. 138 William S. . 396 Annie L. 140 Baldwin, Caleb 307, 327 Ebenezer E. 120 210 211, 341 Ball, Albert 196 197, 374 Edwin S. 139 F. P. . . 125 Erastus B. 182, 211 Balloch, Daniel 399 Rev. Giles . 127 George W. . 183, 399 Hattie A. 139 Gen. George W. 399, 400 Henry E. 138 James 183, 185, 399 Herbert 184, 202 William 183 Mrs. Herbert 356 Ballou, Charles E. 281 John 134 180, 393 Charles 0. . 256, 277, 280 Josephine M. 140 Rev. Eli 127 Kate F. 140, 142 Ethan A. 297 Mary A. 140, 142 Bardwell, Charles R. 300 Rev. N. M. . 122 Lizzie 138 Samuel C. 211 348, 349 Barnard, John P. W. 286 Susie D. 140 Barney, Daniel W. 160, 161, 163, 354 Baker, Alfred . 390 Harvey 337 Charles H. . 299 Barnes, Bill 98, 100, 102, 203, 224 Dr. Cyrus E. . 158 333, 394 240, 241, 306, 316, 323, 324 Dimick . 394 337, 340, 371, 398, 397, 318 33 606 INDEX. Barnes, Bill Andrews Daniel Dr. Edward F Esther . Eunice S. Gilbert Ira N. Lyman Lyman S. Obed D. Mrs. Obed D Orilla . Thomas William A. Barber, Kev. Daniel 102, Xabbe . Stephen Rev. Virgil H. 129, Bangs, Judith Fox Sarah Barker, Asa Fred L. Tileston A. Barrett, Augustus Charles George A. Henry E. "William £. BaiTon, Sarah . Rev. T. Bartlett, Dr. Albert . Andrew Clara E. Joseph S. Lillian M. . Marion P. . Sylvester William William F. Barrows, Dr. N. Barstow, Mrs. Ansou S. Barton, Cyrus . 323 103, 142, 323 340 898 333 323, 398 324, 398 244 323, 398 , 364 398 333, 399 265, 266 398 398 398 129 366 317 101 102 103 475 499 315 310 244 , 295 258 210 474 60 210 368 1.39 314, 417 127 383 243 140 312, 316 141 139 182 330 161 137 , 266 163 Batchelder, Alfred T. 148, Rev. Charles R. Huldah E. . Bascom, James P. Bates, Amos 332, David Esther . Ezra Hannah . John Joseph Levy Lydia Mary Mittie . Samuel . Solomon SulDmit Baum, Mrs. Samuel Beatty, Francis Beauregard, General Bedel, Col. Timothy Beckwith, Hira R. Beeman, Rev. L. Belfield, Widow Mary Belknap, Dr. Jei'emy Bell, Charles H. Clara J. John J. Minnie Bellas, Mary R. Bellows, Henry A. John . Benjamin, Judah Bennett, Seth Mrs. S. N. Benton, Nathan Samuel 0. Berry, Gov. Nathaniel S Bigley, William H. . 224, 318, 319, 305, 323, 319, 320, 318, 235, 314, 318, 56 320, 319, 318, 320, 355, 357, 174, 59, 216, 256, 258 410 109 317 279 281 320 306 370 313 323 324 318 318 324 318 823 315 371 324 318 356 358 248 285 149 125 871 217 66 141 152 139 397 395 229 289 317 355 315 281 165 , 492 286 INDEX. 507 Billings, Albert M. . 119 Bond, George 161, 401 J. D. . 145 Grace L. . 141 Bingham, C. Edward 301 Henry 11, 17, 19, 23 Charles M. 104 , 108 262, 268 Job . 401 272, 305, 311, 354 Oliver A. 270, 301 ,343 , 368, 402 364, 372, 400, 473 Ruth 112 Charles R. 372 William H. 000 Eliza 372 Booth, A. George 270 George E. . 328 Hosea 372 James H. . 305 311, 332 John Wilkes 362 347, 372, 374, 400 Oscar 298 Levi 372 Boucher, Delia M. 140 Iv'athan 75 366, 367, 400 Orlando A. 139 R. S. . 1.38 Bouck, Grace T. 141 Silas L. 361, 372, 373, 374 Bouton, Dr. Nathanie 416 Walter . 7 3,76 316, 372 Bowker, Charles S. 295 Blake, Frederick H. . , 140 Daniel N. 208 383, 402 Blakeslee, Rev. Solomon 100, 101, 144 Daniel S. 163 Blanchard, Florence M. 141 272 , 308 309, 402 Henry S. 300 Elijah . 402 Mrs. Mary 265 Bowler, John 295 Ora D. . 140, 212, 310 Bowman, Ruel . 161, 354 "William H. 263 Selwin R. 288 Bliss, Alden J. . 340 Bishop Thomas 123 Katie I. 139 Bradford, Amos F. 281 Blodgett, Albro 139, 249, 255, 272, 304 Bradley, Cinthia 322 311, 346, 348, 349, 359 Elizabeth 324 George W. 159, 160, 161, 250 Hannah , 322, 324 251, 305, 308, 424 Jonathan 322 324, 371 Huldah 494 Lydia . 315 John 182, 371, 494 Ranna . 322 Luke . 316 Breok, Charles P. 145, 177, 310, 313 Rozey . 316 Henry 177, 403 Samuel 316 John T. . 402 Blood, Ned W. . 140 Sarah UcD. . 403 Bolio, Frank 287 Susan L. , 403 Horace 281 William 1 "T, 307, 326, 371 Bond, Daniel 315, 401, 402 William, 2d 145, 160, 313, 402 Daniel, Jr. 401, 402 Breckenridge, John C 262 David , 000 Brewer, Ebenezer 321 Ellen M. . 266, 402 James P. 106, 312, 361, 473 Mrs. E. M. 000 Mrs. Matilda . 315, 321 508 INDEX. Brickett, Mrs. James 266 Brown, Oscar J. 146, 160, 161 ,271 Brewster, John H. 154 312, 338, 375, 376 , 404 Susannah 317 Mrs. Oscar J. 92 Briggs, Arnold . 200, 201 Ralph N. 253 287 272, 309, 312, 353, 354 Susan A. 404 Augusta . 140 Buckman, David 158 Fred. A. 270, 379 Buel, Charles G. 309 George A. 110, 375 Bugbee, John 243 Joseph G. 203, 313 Bunnell, Abel 404 Myra L. 140 Betsey . 112 Sarah E. 141 Jesse . 112 William H. 297 Mehitabel , 112 Brooks, Annie J. 138 Milly . 112 Asahel . 236, 240, 370 Mrs. Robert R. 266 Azel 227 Burbank, Asher S. 300 Barnabas 225, 227, 228 Eugene D. . 140, 142 Capt. Benjamin 30 Mabelle R. . 141 32, 33, 34, 39 Burchard, Rev. Mr. . 90 93, 220, 225, 228 Burgoyne, General 238 236 305, 306, 370 Burke, Edmund . 153, 332 Benjamin, Jr. 15, 30, 31, 32 Emma J. 141, 142 93 94, 225, 227 Burnham, Semore 317 228, 236, 240, 370 Burns, James 381 Cornelius 93 225, 228, 370 Thomas 287 Emily E. 140 Burpee, Aaron 378 Dr. George W 334 Butcher, John 288 Hartley L. 364 Butler, Achsa 314 John 220, 227, 228, 370 Anis 315 Kate E. 139 Asaph 239 Lyman J. 410 Ezra 239, 371 Brough, Charles D. 288 Dr. J. N 414 Brown, Albert W. 287 William 337 Amos 403 Rev. Charles 414 c Daniel 317 Edward . 200 Cady, Polly 217 Frank H. 152, 305, 313, 332, 404 CaSrey, Matthew 341 George E. 287 Camp, Fred C. . 331 Hollis S. 288 Campbell, Albion R. . . 331 James 181 Eev. W. W. 105 Josiah S. 281 Canty, Daniel . 124, 341 LeviB. . 469 Carey, Ezekiel . 347 INDEX. 509 Carey, Nicholas . 101 Chase , Betsey 322 Carleton, A. H. . 137 Eev. Dr. Carlton 106, 107 Elijah S. . 288 108, 250, 257 Rufus . 160, 409 405, 406, 458 Samuel 208 Charles F. 139 Samuel S. . 281, 288 Daniel 116, 327 Stephen 367 328, 332 ,367 406 Carroll, Charles . 286 Dudley T. 211, 406 Hannah M. 141 Elijah . 322 Carter, Hosea B. 64 Farah . . 317 James H. 496 Francis . 316, 322 Carlland, Samuel 194 Rev. Francis 101, 137 Case, Ira . 02 Henry , 143 Cass, John 11, 17, 19, 23 Ithamer . 366, 458 Joseph . 12, 19, 23 Jonathan 226, 315 Rev. T. G. 114 Levi R. . 149 Cassidy, Elizabeth A. 140 LebbeuB . 245, 406 Caterling, Gideon 239 Mariah . 322 Chadwick, J. C. 125 Mary 322 Chaffin, Alvaro L. 298 Rev. Moses 118 John W. 313 Ovid 163 Levi 315 Rt. Rev. Philander 405 WiUiam E. . 139 Robert H. 277, 280 William H. . 259, 277, 280 Salmon P. 458 Chamberlin, Fanny 138 Samuel . 82, 226 Mary 143 Samuel L. . 154 Simeon . . 11, 14, 21 William . 317 Chandler, Ira F. 331 ChellL J, Burt 139, 304, 305 Nellie C. . 141 332, 338, 356, 409 Selden S. 252, 285 Freeman S. , 354, 409 Chapin, Bela 26, 151, 407 Mrs. Freeman S. 181, 266 Henry . 92 Maria B. 1.39, 142 Samuel . 407 Rush . 139 Chapman, Isaac 245 Cheney, Colonel 68 Samuel W. 301 IraD. . 288 Charlton, Edwin A. . 143, 145, 405 Chittenden, Thomas 55 !, 54 Walter 405 Christie, Henry A. 271 Chase, Alice C. . 140, 142 Church, C. C. . 143, 258 Arthur . It )4, 251, 255, 266 Cilley Col. Joseph . , 235 2' '2, 333, 354, 406 Claggett, Wyseman , 63 Arthur, Jr. 140 Clapp Roswell . , 315, 371 Austin C. . 270 Clark, Benjamin 236 510 INDEX. Clark, Cephas Dan Kev. Edward W. 272, Eleazer 35, 236, Eleazer, Jr. Erastus . Esther Erancis . Francis B. John Maurice L. Moses Kettie Theophilas Williatn . 209. 309, Clay, D. A. Clement, Bartlett Decastro Irene . Sumner Wyman R. Zenas . Cleveland, Decastro Isaac Mamre Nancy Sarah Clinton, DeWitt George Clogston, Sylvester Clow, John Coburn, Paschal P. Cogswell, P. B. . Colby, Anthony . D. C. Dr. Enoch P. George Gilbert P. 316 239 91 262, 263 273, 354, 362 119, 224, 226 306, 319, 371 224 118 319 297 91 235 139 409 , 140 307 160 251, 304, 305 310, 367, 409 196 181 308, 359 321 321 . 12, 17 253, 281 311 324 314 821, 324 321, 324 321 321 366 47 259 315 204, 350 152 165, 492 255, 258 334 301 298 Colby, Henry Ira . 161, Ira, Jr. . 137, 147, 149, 255, 262, 303, 332, 364, 375, Ira Gordon Joshua Colburn, Sanford Cole, Abner Ammendlees Amos Anne C. . Nehemiah Samuel 32, 97, 98, 239, 305, Sarah Timothy Coley, Walter Collamer, Jacob Colston, Charles P. Comings, Dai-win Commins, Mr. . Joseph Conant, Amos 240, 314, Betsey Charles Cynthia Ebenezer 240, Elizabeth Ezra Mary Mellesent Ralph . Rosan S. Samuel Stephen Cone, Lyman H. Cook, Elias Elizabeth Emma F. 70, 309 309, 312, 410 . 66, 70, 123 152, 249, 253 304, 312, 313 376, 410, 411 . 411 70, 311, 312 286 98 322 226, 371 314, 413 322 225, 226, 229 370, 411, 413 322 314, 322, 371 317 378 253, 254, 288 138 226 315 225, 236 321, 323, 371 321, 323 321 321 320, 321, 323 321 321 320 320 321 321 321 316 288 316 320 413 INDEX. 511 Cook, Frances B. . . . 389 Cotton, John 101 Frank C. ... 389 Luther . 236 George . 189, 316, 327, 330 Nathaniel 311 Godfrey . . 189, 330, 412 Sarah 323 Horace W. . . . 301 Thomas . 323 John . 179, 210, 306, 327 Coult, Rev. A. C. 123 Capt. John . . 329, 330 Cowles, Amos 240 357, 371, 411, 412 Austin T. 161 Matilda .... 412 Emma L. 138 Miranda .... 412 Henry C. 160, 309, 353 Nancy L. . . 320 James A. 270 Oliver . . . 239, 320 Kate 139 Wallace W. . . . 288 Lemon . 181 Wendell E. ... 288 Lucy 417 Coolidge, Gov. Carlos . . 407 Nathaniel 24, 182, 307, 308 Cooper, J. Fenimore . 499 Ora E. . 140 Dr. Sherman 271, 272. 292, 334 Phinehas ♦ 315, 371 Copeland, Frederick K. . . 196 Timothy 240 Cor bin, Austin . . . 406 Tracy 20, 181 Corey, Oliver . . . . 186 Coy, Clowe 315 Susan . ' . 424 S. T. . 206, 207 Cossit, Ambrose . 21, 22, 45, 59 William . 225 64, 74, 98, 102, 182 Crafts, Homer M. 252, 285 241, 249, 251, 305, 306 Cragin, Aaron H. 258 307, 308, 314, 327, 346 Craig, Joseph 281 347, 348, 359, 371, 413 Cram, Joseph 160 Ambrose, Jr. 310, 326, 366, 413 Crockett, David 246 AnneC 321 Cromack, Rev. Joseph C. 120 AnneK. . . .317 Crosby, Samuel . 326 Betsey R. ... 321 Crowther, Samuel , 326 FrainswayE. . . . 321 Cross, J. H. 206, 378 Henry A. . . 182, 413 H. G. P. . 347 378 John F. 182, 271, 304, 413 Cummings, Dr. Alvah R. 333, 414 Mary Alma ... 321 Daniel 288 PhebeL. . . 321 David 143 Rev. Ranna ... 94 Ebenezer E. 253, 299 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100 Hannah . 112 225, 226, 227, 229, 230 Heman H. 251 Ranna, 3d . . . 321 Joseph 112 371 Samuel C. ... 321 MottA. . 139 Cotton, Anne • ■ • 323 Curl, Rev. G. M. 123 364 Charles . • 25 Currier, George C. ■ 204 512 INDEX. Currier, George W. 293 Delmage, James 253, 271 Warren , 407 Demarest, Rev. G. L. 128 Curtis, Daniel 34, 98 Deming, lliley 337 Cushing, Sylvanus 127, 340 Seth . Densmore, Asa 316 116, 117 D Caleb Clifton E. 372 140, 347 Dana, Cyrus W. 368 Jonathan 161 Sylvester 152 Derome, Rev. G. 129 Dane, Albert G. 281 Dexter, David 73, 7 4, 76, 88 Jobn 372 307, 310, 326, 347, 414 Wallace 300 David W. . 106 Daniels, Rev. Mr. 114 Gregory 414 Danforth, Albert H. 304, 309 312, 409 Stephen 327, 366, 414 Davenport, A. C. 124 Dible, Lucretia 314 Davis, Abel 321 Dickey, Adam . 402 Ebenezer 321, 323 Joseph A . 295 Florence B. 139, 142 Dickinson, Aurelius . 136, 257, 304 George . 333, 343 309, 329, 338, 348, 415 George W. 300 Cotton 314, 320 Gideon . 55 Fanny 320 Jefierson 262 Henry A . 313, 329, 338 John W. 253 254, 285 Mrs . Henry A 356 Jonathan G. 321 Olive 320 Mary 321 Diggins, Julia A. 419 Simon . 12, 17, 19, 23 Diman, Mary . 314 Solomon 321 Dinsmoor, Samuel 194 Peter 321, 323 Dodge, Daniel . 98, 240 Thomas . 116, 117 David 22, 29, 102, 226, 354, 404 Ziba L. . 252, 281 Ebenezer 11, 17, 12, 23 Dean, Horace . 159, 160 Ichabod 323 161, 163, 172, 309, 354 Isaac 323 John 252, 254, 285 John . 315 Uriel . 304, 347, 361, 424 Mehitabel 112, 323 Deane, David . 243 Prudence 323 Henry C. 211 William 368 Josiah W. 211, 474 Dole, Charles H. 416 Lemuel 101 David 415 Lillian J. 141 Edmund 416 Mary B. 139 Frank H. 416 Mary L. 139 George W. 415 William B. 140 John A. 416 INDEX 513 Dole, Lemuel . 343, 415 Dustin Phylindea . 322 Levi R. . 416 Sarah M. . 322 417 Donelery, John 423 Timothy 82 Dooley, William 292 225, 240, 314, 319, 417 Dorman, Ephraim . 12, 17, 19 , 23 Timothy, 2d 417 Dorr, Rev. Henry . 123 Thomas 92 Douglass, James B. . 253 286 225, 240, 314, 319, 417 Dow, Rev. Lorenzo . 114 115 Thomas, 2d 322, 417 Prentis 147 383 William 417 John W. 141 142 William H. 417 Robert K. . 151 Dutton , Aaron 200 Dowlin, Dr. Winifred M. 383 418 George D. 200 Draper, Eli . 112 C. Isabella 355 356 Harvey 112 John . , 171 Sally 112 ■ Lewis H. 300 Drury, William H. . , 139 Newell T. . , 293 Mrs. . . 343 Orman 201 378 Ducharme, George . . 343 Dyke, Edna N. 141 Dudley, Ebenezer 224 Dunfee, James 239 E Dunning, Rev. Charles U. 123 Mrs. Charles U. 355 Earl, William . 203 336 Dunsmore, Asa 101 316 Eastm m, Charles E. 419 Cora M . 141 Charles H. 122 205 FredW. , 342 258, 271, 303, 312 Durant, E. Bell 139 142 336, 348, 354, 418 Dustin, Abel 101 322 Mrs. Charles H 265, 266 Alice . 321 Charles 0. 305 346 Rev. Caleb , 115 Edson C. , 152 David 319 Mrs. Edson 152 Eliphalet 417 Ezra 316 Elvira 418 Mrs . Julia A . D. 122 Eunice 319 Timothy . 194 Eveline 418 198, 205, 348, 399, 418 Emeline 418 Eastwood, Rev. J. 128 Hannah . 322, 416, 417 Eaton, Catherine F. 141 Lucinda 418 Rev. Dr. 104 Malinda . 321 Edmunds, William . 317 Mary . 214, 417, 418 Edwards, Thomas M . 165 Major . 145 Edson Ebenezer 225, 227, 240 Mighill . 168, 417, 418 Eggleston, Marion L. 139 Moody . 24, 44, 417, 418 Ela, Jacob H. . . 278 514 INDEX. Ellis, Asaph .... 316 Erskine, James 315 Barnabas 31, 39, 40, 82, 133 Eebekah 321, 324 184, 224, 228, 233, 234 Estabrook, Nehih 226 236, 239, 240, 303, 306 Evans, Frank . 110 307, 326, 327, 370, 419 Mrs. Frank . 110 Caleb 303, 304, 310, 332, 420 Frank W. 286 Calvin .... 320 Rev. W. F. 121 Dr. C. C. . . 334 Evelith, Anna . 140 Gideon 12, 17, 19, 23, 320, 324 Everts, Elihu . 55 John . . .17, 19, 23 Morris . 372 Jonathan . . . 11 Evring, David . 341 Joseph 12, 17, 19, 23, 239 IdaB. 141, 142 Luther . . . 320, 324 Manning ... 92 F Mary . . . 320, 324 Nanoy .... 420 Reuben B. . . 211,212 Fairbanks, George H 115 Sarah .... 320 George W. 288 William . 40, 124, 101 FairweU, Oliver L2, 17, 19, 23 184, 272, 354, 419, 420 Oliver, Jr. 12, 17, 19, 23 William B. 40, 184, 212, 312, 419 Farley, Harriet N. 423 Ellsworth, Mahitabel . . 318 Rev. Stephen 88, 420, 423 Oliver 225, 236, 240, 318, 371 Fales, Willard 340 Elmer, Annas. . . 140,142 Farmer, John . 222 Roswell 75, 195, 307, 498 Farnsworth, Seth _ 92 Elmore, Asa .... 316 Farr, Arnold 336 Emerson, Mrs. Alice B. . . 432 Farrington, Charles S. . 141 George H . . . 287 John S. 160, 205 George W. 196, 201, 286 Phebe 115 John T. 197, 356, 375, 422 Farwell, Charles 422 Jonathan . 101, 316, 422 George N. 92 MaryE. ... 139 136, 184, 209, 251, 272 Moses K. 262, 278, 312, 432 312, 364, 347, 348, 354 Sarah T. . . . 141 364, 372, 424, 425, 467 Erskine, Catherine ... 321 George N., 2d 348, 426 Celia . . . 321, 324 James H. . 425 Christopher . So, 86, 315 John L. 152, 197 321, 324, 327, 371 270, 271, 312, 347, 348 Content ... 320 349, 350, 375, 425, 426 Elizabeth . . 314 Capt. John 76, 184 Freelove . . 321, 324 Luther 29 Harriet . . . 471 Nanoy 457 INDEX. t>li> Farwell, Nicholas 76, 184 Fisher, Timothy 322 186, 203, 208, 209 Fisk, Jonathan, Jr. 144 336, 347, 423, 457 Rev. Wilbur 116 Russell W. 209, 424, 453, 474 Fiske , Catharine 115 Sadie C. 140 Frank S. 251 Sarah 425 George . 74 76, 305, 326 William H. 209, 424, 457 John 194 William H., Jr. 297 Miranda 465 William P. 270 Matilda . 465 Elder William 86 Samuel . . 74, 75, 76 Fay, Harry C. 110, 134 88, 134, 144, 303, 305 154, 313, 364, 368, 426 307, 310, 326, 347, 427 John 426 Samuel P. 135 Nathan 426 146, 147, 266, 270, 271 Ferguson, Rev. Henry 109 272, 273, 354^ 427, 465 Field, Abbie . 149, 320 Mrs. Samuel P 266 David . . 1 2, U , 21, 320 Fitch , Bela 334 Mary 322 Charles M. 139 Olive 314 George W. 302 Patrick . 224, 319 Henry 163, 251 Polly . 322 Henry C. 328, 331 Samuel . . 11, 14, 21 Mrs. Henry C. 355, 356 Dr. Thomas . 334 Lulu M. 139 Walbridge A. 391 Mrs. Melissa 122 Waldo . 316, 322 Morris G. 139 Waldo H. 322 Orlan P. 140 Fielding, Ebenezer . 239 Thomas J. 184 Elizabeth Olive 316 AVilliam H: H. 141, 142 Fifield, Grace M. 141 Flagg , Dr. Andrew J 334 Finnegan, Rev. P. J. 129 Flanders, James C. 139, 142 Fisher, Abigail 322 Fletcher, Huldah 468 Abraham 74, 371, 426 Thomas B. 160, 338 Amos . 317 Mrs. Dr. 343 Charles A. . 310, 313 Forbnsh, C. A. 348 Elizabeth 315 Ford Charles P. 302 E. C. . 376 Daniel . 236, 239, 371 Francis E. . 140 George E. 298 James . 244 James B. 302 Joseph 316, 426 Lydia 316 Leonard P. . 24, 25 Foster, Abel 43 163, 375, 376, 40], 426 Carrie I. 140 Mrs. Leonard P. 266 Charles E. 295 516 INDEX. Foster, Rev. E. S. 127, 262, 263, 362 Germarsh, Israel 288 Henry . 12, 17, 19, 23 Geriy, Mrs. Nellie M. 369 Freeman, Benjamin 11, 17, 19, 23 Gibson, F. H. . 329, 337 Charles N. 204, 313 Mrs. 337 Capt. Edmund 226 Gidding, Joseph 63 Henry V. . 295 Gilbert, Dr. A. A. . 334 Philander C 65, 106 Benjamin J. 144 311, 332, 428, 445, 451 Eben'r 316 Freeley, Miss H. W. 137 John . 282 French, Comfort 320 Sally . 315 Edward E. 224, 314, 320, 371 Giles, Benjamin 63, 229 Hannah 320 Ethan A. 301 Isaac . 320 Lemuel A. 288 Rev. Dr. . 129 Gillingham, Oliver P. 296 Rebecca 320 Gilman, Benjamin P. 136, 253, 270, 273 Frink, Thomas . 11, 14, 21 John Tyler 44, 87, 88 Frost, Horace W. 200, 375 Rev. J. 126 Fry, Thomas W. 196 Gilmore, C. H. 379 Frye, Nettie M. 141 Gavcen 207, 378, 429 Fuller, Amasa . 224, 239 George C. . 238 Francis E. 428 Hiram 206, 207, 429 Rev. James M 119 Gov. J. A. . 262, 362 Jonathan 225, 234, 235 Leonard . 206, 207, 347, 429 Peter . 225, 234 Homer G. . 301 Phineas 33 Thomas W. 391 Samuel W. . 532, 428 Glidden, Charles E. . 431 Pulton, Robert 435 Gen. Erastus 249, 251, 308 311, ■347, 430, 431 G Ezra J. Nettie F. . 165 139, 142 Gage, Isaac K. 152 Samuel 308 Galpin, Henry W. . 330 Gleason, Dr. Robert S. 74 198, 334 Gardiner, Alexander 257 Dr. Timothy S. . 109, 134 Gardiner, Alexander 277, 280, 332, 429 Goddard, Alice B. . 431 Garfield, Joseph F. . 254 Christopher M. 432 Moses 281 Edward L. 92 137 143, 198 Gates, Abel 429 249, 251 257, 266 James M. 106, 311, 332, 429 270 271 272, 279 James S. A. 288 303 312 354, 439 Gay, Carrie H. 140 Mrs. Edward L. 265 Geer, Cynthia . 315 266 279 361, 431 John 255 Rev. Edward N. 431 INDEX. 517 Goddard, Elizabeth Worth 432 Gould, Warren H. . 298 Elizabeth P. 431 Gove, John, Jr. 303 Evelina P. 440 Gowdey, Edwin M. . 258, 254, 285 Frederick W. . 282, 431 John M. . 372 George H. 431 Thomas R. 305 Nichols 431, 440 Graham , Alexander . 207, 308, 311 Goff, Col. John 12, 13, 21 Grandy, Alpha 322 Gooden, James 314 Benjamin 43, 315, 317, 323, 324 James, 2d . 225, 234, 309 Charles B. . 282 Goodhue, Dr. Josiah 110, 463 Chloe . 324 Goodrich, Alice 141 Cynthia 323, 324 Rev. James B. 375 Estell M. . 141 Mary I. . 140 Fanny 322 Goodwin, Benjamin . 316 Gertrude L. 141 Edward . 224, 236, 370 Hiram P. . 154 Gov. Ichabod 248, 249 Susannah 323 James 305, 312, 319 Grannis , Abigail . 320 Mrs. James 266, 319 Clement 320, 364 Rev. M. . 129 Cyrus 320 Sarah 319 David H. . 282 Thomas . 224, 239, 314, 370 Edward 239 Goss, Albert . 263, 362 Evander 320 Asa 319 George C. . 433 Alpheus 319 Henry 302 Betsey . 319 Homer E. . 208, 433 Charles . 319 Homer P. . 432 Cyrus 319 John . 320 Charles N. . 161 , 163, 418, 432 Joseph S. . 433 Ebenezer 319 Laurens A. 308, 311, 433 Fannie S. 138 Margaret . 320 Fanna 319 Samuel H. 302 Hannah . 319 Sarah 320, 324 Joel 158, 307 Sidney 320 308, 321 , 343, 432, 460 Solon C. . 13, 24, 25, 161 John 224, 314, 319 182 , 208, 308, 312 John, Jr. 316 354 , 364, 433, 472 Mrs. Lucinda . 321 Timothy 98 208 , 225, 210, 282 Nathaniel 225, 236, 241 303 , 311, 314, 315 306 ,314, 321, 432 320 , 324, 370, 432 Simon . 92 Timothy, Jr .307 , 308, 432, 433 Gould, Rachel . 314 Samuel R. . 433 Shubael 368 Grant, Gen. U.S. . 362 518 INDEX. Graves, Dr. Leland J. 333, 367, 433, 499 Hall Dr. Henry S. . 390 Rev. J. M. . 112, 362 Israel D. . . . 66, 134 Stella . 140 313, 348, 374, 375 Greeley, Edward 92 Dr. James . 73, 334, 450, 475 Rev. Mr. . 257 Jennie M. . . 140, 142 Greene, Daniel 371 Jeremiah . 11, 17, 19, 23 Freelove 315 Levi D. . . 296, 378, 402 Patty 316 Mrs. Levi D. . . . 402 Phebe 316 Louisa J. 390 Greenleaf, Rev. Eleazer 106 Maria 316 Griffin, Gen. S. G. . 456 Tracy L. 286 William 340 Hamilton, Rev. J, W. 124 Grimes, John 12, 17, 19, 23 Hammond, Mrs. Albert 0. 266 William 1 2, 17, 23 John W. . 292. 364 Grinnels, Chester F. 282 Jonathan 12, 17, 19, 23 Griswold, Bishop Alexand er V. 102 Joseph . 12, 17, 19, 23 104, 405, 437 Han -lerson, Frederick W. . 435 John 226 Gideon 44, 64, 74, 88, 306 Grout, Elijah . 229 307, 325, 371, 434 Hezekiah 13 Horace P. . 311, 435 Dr. William . 414 Lucius R. . . 435 Guild, Dr. Harvey M 334, 401 Rufus . . 305, 307 Guernsey, Rev. J. W. 124 308, 310, 434, 435 Gustin, John . 84 Phinehas . 347, 4.34 Polly . 316 Ham ock, John . . . 481 Thomas 31, 32, 3 3, 34, 81 Hapgood, Edgar L. . 346 82 305, 306, 370 Harlow, Blarshall . 208 Mrs. 338 H Harriman, Leauder . 289 Gov. ■Walter . 278 Haddock, Dr. Charles 334 Harrington, James . 317 Hadley, Charles L. . 292 Harris, Nathan 293 William H. 292 Solomon 239 Haines, Elizabeth 395 Thomas J. . 139, 194, 249, 251 Hale, Rev. Charles S. 13, 109 266, 266, 304, 361 John P. . 492 Harrison, President William H. 361 Timotliy W. 245 Hart , Charles A. 282 Hall, Anna L. 141 Charles B. 288 Edward . 253, 285 George 200 Deacon . 226 Ichabod . 435 Dr. E. J. 334 Josiah 41, 435 George L. 140 Oliver 435 INDEX. 519 Hart, Thomas . 298 Heywood, Edwin J. 140 Hartwell, Rev. Henrj ^H. 121, 257 JoelM. . 331 Haskell, Emily 458 Julius E. 263 Francis F . . 256 Mary I. . 141 262, 263 272, 305 Simeon . 201 362, 364 374, 468 Hibbard, Rev. Augustine . 36,44 Joseph II . , 874 84 .87, 225, 234 Hastings, Lemuel S. 134, 138 235, 314, 319, 371 Hatch, Josiah . 236, 239 Hide, Joshua . 11, 14, 21 Mabel R. 140, 142 Higbee, Charles 224, 236 Rev. William 118 Charles, Jr. 236 Haubrich, Frederick 313 Levi . 236, 239, 370 Peter 417 Samuel 239 Hawkes, Harrison Filmor« 296 S. A. 378 John . 12, 14, 21 Stephen 33 , 224, 239, 306, 370 Louis G. . 140 Hill,ElislmM. 282 Hawley, Asa . 320 Hillman, Rev. J. H. 124 Coziah 316, 820 George 302 Elizabeth . 316 Hills, Hock 206 Keziah 320 Hillyard, Richmond 316 Lucy . 316 Hiltor 1. Martha 36 Richard 320, 371 Hinds , Bartlett 65 Healy, Benjamin 322 Hitchcock, Alexande ■ V. . 306, 436 Hitty . 322 Amos 818, 364, 383, 436 Nancy . 822 David 318 Polly . 316, 822 Elisha . 307, 318 Remkia 822 Esther 318 Heath, Mrs. Gustavus N. 498 George 145 Rev. S. P. . 121 Hannah 323 Heaton, Kathaniel . 12, 17, 19, 23 Henry A. 436 William . 12, 17, 19, 23 Ichabod 24 , 98 224, 281 Hedge, Lemuel . 14, 21 232, 238 240, 818 Hendee, John . 311, 367 323, 352 871, 436 Henry, EstellaG, . 139 John 98 225, 314 Frederick A. 118 318, 223 370, 383 120 160 , 161, 168 John, Jr. 383 304 309 , 354, 867 Jonathan 15 Samuel . 289 Lemuel 318, 823 Herrick, Rev. Marcelhis . 4l. 107 Leonard 318 Herrin, John . 294 Lyman 318 Hewes, Rev. Frederick A 121 Rebekah 318, 323 Hey wood, Edwin B. 211, 331 Phebe 318, 323 520 INDEX. Hiichcock, Samuel . 318 323, 436 Howe, Rev. W. B. W. 43S William . 436 Howell, Betsey 115 Zen as 318, 366 Hoyt, Ahira 320- Zenas, Jr. 318 Rev. B. R. . 117 Hoban, Elizabeth M. 140 Charles H. . 310 Patrick 296 Hubbard, Esther A. 139 Hobart, Col. David . 238 Lieut. George 12, 38, 44, 45 Hodgson, Agnes N. 141 64, 102 174, 320, 327 Holden, George W. 123, 449 Henry 258, 452- Holmes, Jonathan . 320, 324 Gov. Henry 258, 437 Keziah 820 Isaac, Esq. 12, 38, 157 Molla 320 164, 165 174, 175, 222- Dr. Oliver Wenc lell 484 307, 308 310, 359, 438 Philana 320 Rev. Isaac G. 12, 95, 105, 109 Holt, Harmon . .110 152 184, 313 137, 175, 438, 467 3;i2 409 424, 436 Joseph . 34, 82 Hermon, Jr. . 141 224, 306 314, 319, 371 James 304 J. H. . 428 438, 445, 447 Dr. James P. . 333, 436 Nancy M. 319 Josiah 74 Parmelia . 320 Holton, Asa . . 76 305, 332, 437 RuthE. . 141, 142 Jonathan 437 Solomon . 181 Hooper, Carrie W. . 141, 142 Thankful . 319, 320 Grace P. . 141, 142 Hudson, Imogens B. 138 William M . 60 Humphrey, Avathusa 490 Hosmer, Parker 317 Dr. Royal 490 Houghton, Edward E. 141 Hunt, John 12, 14, 21 Edward F. 334, 367 L. 14a Dr. M. G. 334 Roswell 157 Houston, Gen. Samuel 245 Hunter, Damon E. . 282 Howard, Kev. A. K. 367 Elmer S. . 139 Edith M. . 140 Eugene H . 139 Rev. Nathan 116, 117 Philips. . 341 Gen. 0. 0. 399, 400 Huntley, Frank P. . 310, 313 Warren W . 253 Hunton, Clara L. 138 William A. 90 Henry N. . 364 Howe, B. D. . 361 Isaac F. 243 George W. 143 I H. H. . 124 1 Rev. James B. 7' t, 76, 103, 104 Ide, Alice B. . 139 105, 13i, 437, 463 George G. . 109, 161 Richard S. . 418 163, 198, 253, 312, 440 INDEX. 521 Ide, G. Herbert . . . 139 John S. M. . . 253, 282 Josiah .... 139 Lemuel N. . 109, 198, 440 LillaD 139 Sarah .... 139 Simeon 143, 192, 198, 250, 251, 265 266, 864, 377, 378, 431, 439 Ives, David . . . 318, 323 Elizabeth . 240, 318, 323 John . . . 316, 318 Joseph 30, 31, 32, .55, 82, 224, 236 239, 305, 306, 318, 823, 870 Mamre .... 318 Stephen . . . . 318 Jackson, President Andrew . 377 Jacobs, Rev. William B. . 113 James, Bishop E. S. . . 121 Jarvis, Charles . . . 441 Dr. Leonard 178, 179, 194, 206 338, 347, 859, 380, 441, 442 Dr. Leonard, Jr. 179, 333, 442 Russell 168, 178, 179, 183, 194 206, 303, 332, 364, 441 Russell, Jr. ... 140 Samuel G. 41, 160, 163, 168, 179 250, 268, 272, 312, 854 364, 375, 376, 442, 467 Jarvis, Dr. William . . 179 William C. . . 441 William R. . . 140, 142 Jasper, Rev. O. H. . . 121 Jefferson, President Thomas . 58 Jenks, Lucy Evelyn ... 140 Jenkins, RoseF. ... 140 Jenney, Mary A. . . 141, 142 Jewett, Frederick . . 318, 443 George W. ... 443 John .... 443 34 Jewett, John W. . 309, Marcus L. . Jones, Alice Anson . Asa 18, 21, 31, 32, 98, 178, 184, 185 240, 306, 317, 823, A. L. . Benjamin Caroline Chancey Charles . Daniel . Edward Ellen P. Esther . Esther, 2d Eunice . Ezra 172, 224, 305, 314, 318, 823, Fanny B. Frederick George A . Gratia M. Henry . Jabez Jennison Jerusha Joel John F. Josiah . Lois Lovisa . Lucian E. Lucy . Mary A. Matthias S. Nathaniel Ransom Roys Sally . 810, 443, 444 443, 444 266 318 83, 34, 36, 82 224, 226, 236 367, 370, 371 124 178, 185, 186 319 318 361 12, 18, 19, 23 318 140 319 819 818 44, 64, 157 806, 307, 310 325, 826, 872 865 161 823 1.39 92 317 318 317 318 172, 213 317, 384 317 318 181 318 140, 323 318 319 318 172 317, 327 522 INDEX. Jones, Sarah . 315, 317 Susanah 318, 323 Thomas 16, 30 ,31, 34, 53, 82, 225 234 ,236 305, 318, 370 William 124, 160, 181 William F. 182 Woster - 308, 347 Johns, Kev. J. M. 128 Johnson, Amos D. 445 Mrs . Amos D . 266 Annie 337 Daniel W. 123 148, 193, 272 313 , 348 364, 375, 444 Edward F. 260 Edwin 260 Enoch 160, 161, 182, 312 Frances E . 139 Rev. J. G. 445 Levi . 289, 368 Miles 444 Moses 444 P. A. 848 Parmer 416, 445 Jordan, Jules . 375 Judd, Amos 240, 319 Betsey . 323 Brewster 371 Charles M. 253, 299 Damarus 816 Ebenezer 225 227 228, 319, 323, 371 Ebenezer, Jr. 225, 227, 228, 323 Enoch . 225, 227, 228, 371 Harkins . 316 Mary 319 Judkins, Dr. Emery G. 302, 334 George 302, 338, 389 Kev. Georg eJ. 122 Henry 110, 404 Mrs. Henrj J 404 Levi Alden 889 Mary E. 389 K Keith, Charles 417 ,418 Keller, Jacob W. . 289 Kelley, Joseph W. . 256 282 Kellogg, Rev. S. 6. 121, 263 362 Kelsey, Rev. H. L. . 122, 124 468 Kempton, Florence L. 140 Leonard N. 343 Nellie V. 140 Kendall, Walter B. 282 Kenerson, George W. 293 Kenney, James 344 Kent, L. . 143 Keyes, Amos . 355 Daniel M. 378 Betsey J. 322 Fisher . 322 Hannah 322 Kibling, John . 315, 322 Elizabeth 322 Sarah 322 Polly . 322 Kidder, Dr. F. T. 205, 266, 311 Stephen 239 W. G. 378 Kilburn, Hannah 818 John 32, 34 1.83, 224, 870 Kimball, Rev. Isaac 112 John, Jr. . 162, 311, 382, 445 Capt. Joseph 243 Rev. Moses 263, 362 Timothy D. 312 King, Abby 419 Rev. F. F. 126 154 Harriet . 419 Kingsbury, Betsey 315 Duthan 317 Elizabeth 321 Olive . 315 Sanford 6 5, 69 63, 100 102, 146, 178, 183, 303 304, 305, 306, 307 310 321 ,367, 358, 371 446 INDEX. 623 Kinsley, Charles J. . . 315 Laws, Calvin A. 301 Kirk, Thomas . 161, 251, 320 Laynes, Charles 225 Kirtland, Gideon 239, 240, 870, 401, 402 David, Jr. . 225 Ruth . 315 Leach, Sarah Ann 389 Kittredge, Dr. Thomas B. 90, 334, 442 Leat, Benjamin 225, 227 Knight, Amaziah 224, 236, 370 Lee, Rev. Jesse 185 Miranda . 316 Thomas . 11, 17, 19, 23 Nellie L. . . 138 Leet, Adam R. 322 Phinehas . 317 AdamR., Jr. 822, 371 Knox, Rev. M. V. B 114, 122 Asa 32, 93, 94, 225, 15, 30, 31 227, 240, 270 L Asa, Jr. . Cloe 315, 320 322 Labaree, Adaline . 447 David Megs 322 Peter . 447 Elizabeth 323, 323 Sarah . 315 EllaG. . 140 Ladd, Dr. William M. 333, 346, 437, 446 Eugene F. 285 William S. . 391 Ezekiel . 323, 371 Laducer, Lewis W. 253, 279 Ezra 822 Lafayette, General . 337, 380, 412 James 184, 328 George Washin gton 379 Levi 296, 323 Lane, F. F. . 391 Mitte 320 John 144 Polly 320 Sarah 316 Reuben . 322 Langdon, Gov. John 60, 237, 443 Susannah 317 Laporte, Kev. M. . 129 Taphu . 322 Larabee, William 316 Leete, Clarence M. . 152, 374, 375 Larrence, Polly 317 Leland, Charles 80, 888, 446 Lasier, Thomas J. 154 Thomas 106, 332, 888, 446, 447 Latermoulle, David . 289 Leonard, Charlotte . 317 Lathe, George K. . 258 Lenven, Gell . 338 Lawrence, Abel 12, 17, 19, 23 Levings, Rev. C. W. 118 Dolly 315 Levoy, Joseph 253, 285 Eunice 816 Lewis, Arthur G. 448 Hannah . 314 Bell H. 448 J. Fisher 282, 872 Betsey . 323 Rev. JohnB. 92 Mrs. Elizabeth 447 John W. 252 253, 254, 289 Ellen A. 448 Mioah 12, 14, 21 Emily H. 141 Rev. Robert F . 91, 250, 251 Eugene 448 257 258, 312, 862 Frank W. . 448 Sarah 315 Frederick S. 823 524 INDEX. Lewis, George . . . 447 McClary, Michael . 244 George G. . . . 447 McClure, Milon C. . 143, 803 George W. . . . 447 311, 312, 332, 457 Mrs. George W. . . 266 Mindwell . 429 Gideon . 82, 224, 236, 370 M'Collester, Rev. Lee S. 125, 128, 364 Henry E. ... 448 McConnon, John 302, 378 Herbert ... 448 Michael 186 HoraerP. . . • 448 McCoy, Abel . 837 Jabez .... 447 Bulah . 317 Jacob S. . . . 447 Ida B. 141 Marion .... 448 William 98, 219, 232 Mary .... 447 McCullough, John . 375 Nellie C. . . 139, 142 McDaniel, James 243 Olive A. ... 141 McEwen, James 92 Samuel . . 225 MoGown, Rev. A. J. 92 Seth .... 224 McGrath, Annie 141 Willa . . . 823, 447 Mcllvaine, Bishop . 462 William ... 316 Mcintosh, Dr. F. L. 334 Lincoln, President Abraham 247, 248 McLaughlin, Harvey 117 255, 263, 362, 492 John . 121 Dr. Luke ... 334 McLoffing, James 244 Lines, Charles . . . 234, 235 McQuaid, Amy L. . 141 Lippett, Col. . . . 414 Macomber, Lillian I. 141 Little, George E. . . . 139 Mansfield, Mary 872 Samuel Brown . 277, 280 Maley, James . 289 Livingston, Daniel J. . 25, 867 Mann, Azro J. 294 Jonas . . 195, 249 Charles H. . 118 258, 311, 848, 449 Samuel 315, 325 Sherman 14, 22, 59, 60 Stephen 184, 316, 327 Locke, Enos .... 449 Marden, Dr. Albert L. 383, 451 Francis 809, 348, 353, 375, 449 Nathan J. . 451 Long, Charles F. . 108, 159, 161 Marks, Polly Lois 315 311, 312, 354, 449 Marsh, Rev. Christopher 482 Charles H. 110, 256, 260, 265, 270 Eli C. . 256, 297, 328 271, 289, 304, 364 Frank E. 289 367, 368, 413, 449 John 98 George F. . . 181, 212 John, Jr. 98 Isaac H. 12, 88, 110, 175, 304 Capt. Reuben 244 309, 810, 362, 438 Perley 144 Marston, Rev. Carlos 127 , 251, 257, 258 M Marshall, Maria A. . 481 Mace, Henry W. . . . 801 Martin, Edwin 298 INDEX. 525 Martin, Noah . Marvin, Charles B. Fred . Mrs. Fred Matthews, Abner Abner, Jr Cloe Dana David Ebenezer Esther Eunice Jesse Jesse, Jr. Joel John Lois Mamre Olive Maynard, Daniel F. Frank P. Levi P. Meader, Benjamin L Meacham, Asa Asa, Jr. Benjamin James, Jr Means, Eobert Medcalf, Michael Meigs, Dr. Abner Meigs, Dr. Abner Mellen, Rev. C. W. Mary J. Merrill. Arnold Lydia . Noah . Messer, Allen P. Meserve, George Metcalf, Mrs. M. A Gov. Ralph John . Theron 225, 235, 165 282 .337 337 234, 317 225 319 319 240 236, 239 317 319 55 240 225, 236 302 319 314 317 206, 330, 378 204, 205, 348, 452 452 301 203, 240 203 75 315 420 12, 17, 19, 23 . 22, 98 315, 334, 371 121 139 186, 372 337 282 141, 868 216 265, 266 332, 452 452 861 240 Milmore, Martin Milton, Charles A. James P. Miner, Rev. A. A Jonathan Mitchell, Charles Mills, Hezekiah Moody, Father George W. Handkerchief Jonathan Trustee William H. H. 297 Moor, Hugh Moore, Addison P. . Rev. Asher . Edward F. . Ferris J. Rev. John . Mrs. More, Polly Morgan, Charles Florence A. Isaac . Mahitabel . Morse, Clarissa Henry S. Dr. G. M. . Micah . Sally . Morrill, Anne F. Mott, B . Maria Mullen, Lilia . Munger, Betsey Munrow, Widow Hannah Murphy, Charles H. Murry, Asahel Beriah Calvin Curtis 225, 236 352, 240 279 285 289 127, 128 372, 476 106 115 423 289 423 453 423 175, 176 463, 454 184 289 127 277, 282 140 125, 126 115 316 337, 338 141 371 316 322 253 834 322 322 139, 142 440 139 435 816 293 318 31, 82 318, 370 318 318 526 INDEX. Murray, Mary . 318 Nott, Mary C. . 141 Mary Ann . 318 Noyes, Baron S. 262, 289, 454 Rose . 318 Chase . 251, 454 Selah . 318 Henry C. 454 Surkenath M. . 318 Silas E. 210, 454 Warren 318 Tristham William T. . 454 455 N Nutting, Eunice Nye, Holden R. 314, 417 346, 361 Nesmith, George W. 68, 166 475 Rev. Jonathan 76, 89, 117, 133 James W . 258 134, 303, 305, 310 Neal, Ransom M. 282 346, 366, 367, 383 Nelson, Everett W. . 253 283 W. A. R. 154 Flora E. 139 142 Nettleton, George . 277 280 Nevers, Charles H. 283 O Daniel J. 290 Enos B. - 290 Odlin, Woodbridge . 132 Franklin G. 294 Olcott, Rev. Bulkley 39 Ne-wcomb, Albert 298 George 152 Newell, Asbury 185 Simeon . 44, 86 Charles 185 Oliver, Mitchell 296 John . 185 O'Connell, Patrick . 294 Matthew 120 185 Ordway, John C . 152 Stephen 185 O'Neil, David W. . 204, 364 Wilbur 185 Isabella G. . 141, 142 Newton, Hubbard 333 O'Sullivan, Rev. Corneliu s 129 Nichols, David H. . 290 Osgood, Anne . 320 Frederick A . 283 James 243 Rev. John . 127 362 Fisher 821 William H. 253, 271 299 Hannah 321 Nigh, Sara 315 Hepsebeth . 320 Nightingale, Esther 315 John . 321 Niff, Mary 416 Mary 315 Niles, Henry H. 297 Napoleon B . 253 Samuel . 316 Polly . 821 Noonan, Stephen 347 Ruel G. 297 Norrington, Sebastian D. 302 Sarah 316 239, 240 Norton, Franklin 161 309 Thomas 235, 236, Joseph 98, 226 227, 228 236 AVilliam . 224, 239, 320 Sarah . 316 William, Jr. 314 Nott, Ellen B. . 140 INDEX. 527 Ostinelli, Sig. . 373 Parmalee, Henry S. 255, 299 Otis, Mansel . 293 Parmelee, Albert E. Charles H. 153, 300 252, 260, 290 P Charlotte Danforth 316 186 Page, Ephraim 315, 321 Edward A. 290, 368 Clarisa . 321 Eliel 73 Joseph H. 321 Mahitabel 316 Phelon . 321 Peter . 74, 75 Eowena 321 Parrish, Lyman P. . 253, 283 Sarah 321 Thomas D. 301 Paine, Elijah . . 89, 90 William E. 253, 283, 290 Palmer, Dr. H. R. 374, 376 Parson, Elijah . 82 Park, "William 327 Parsons, Dr. John W. 464 Parke, John H. 197 Partridge, Edward A. 413 Parker, Abel . . 60, 61 Mrs. M. E. 413 Benjamin 455 MissM. E. 413 Deborah 322, 324 Patrick, Betsey 112 Elizabeth 320 Charles E. . 297 Emma H. 140, 142 Henry W. . 253, 283 Franklin 322 JoelAV. . 283 Hannah 320 Patten, Henry . 171, 376, 457 HoseaW. . 137, 149, 152, 249 Lambert D. . 338 253, 262, 270, 271, 272 Patterson, James W. 258, 278 303,332, 333, 348, 363 Paul, George W. 346 367, 374 375 448, 455 Henry S . 277, 280 Isaac . 320 Julius B . 290 Jacob . 325 Payson, Moses 445 Jennie L. 140, 142 Payne, Henry W. 448 Jonathan 225 320, 371 Peabody, Clarence E. 444 Lizzie S. 140, 142 Nathaniel . 101 Matilda 322 Peake, John 224, 370 Minnie M. . 141 Peaslee, Dr. Edward R. . 394 Nathaniel . 101 Pearson, Rev. Mr. . 109 Dr. T. E. . 334 Peck, Rev. John Milton 108, 262, 362 Phineas 315, 322, 324 Peokens, John 55 Warren 322, 324 Pecker, J. E. . 152 "William . 14, 22 Pendleton, William H. 253, 285 Parkhm-st, Charles . 333 Peno, Joseph . 263, 283 Cyrenus S. 266 Perkins, Abbie M. . 141, 142 "William C. . 286 Mrs. Ann . 122 William L. 298 Benjamin . 248 528 INDEX. Perkins, Charles A. 140 Pope, OlaM. . 141 Franklin E. Ul, 142 Porter, Bert P. 140 G. H. 125 Luther S. . 372 HattieE. . 139 Mrs. Luther S. 372 James H. . 368 Matthew 74 James N . . 182 William 82 John Airs . 317 Potter, Chandler E. 165 Ruth . 137 Mabel . 93, 317 Thomas 316 Micah . 370 Philbrook, Charles C. 302 Powers, Ashbel 239 Rev. H. A. 127 Jerathmiel . 19,23 Philips, Roger . 101 Jeremiah 12, 17 Pickens, Alexander . 86, 306, 307 Thomas 239 Rev. John . 111 Prentice, Nathaniel S. 229 Picket, John . 104, 186 Prentiss, John J. 297, 304 311, 333, 346 Mrs. Rebekah 384 John J., Jr. 290 Piddock, Rev. Charles A. 113, 114, 148 William P. 297 Pierce, Bertha A. 140, 142 Prescott, J. L. 330 Franklin 66, 165 Pressey, John . 208 Rev. J. D. . 127 Price, Ebenezer 93, 380 J. Warren 271 Proctor, Ida 139 John 11, 17, 19, 23 Ira 204 Jane 206 Melvin 399, 401 Marion E. . 140, 142 Pulling, Joseph 317 Mary E . 140, 142 Purdee, Levi . 240 Mrs. Nancy . 347 Pushee, Mr. . 372 Urbane P. . 141 Putnam, Charles E. 253, 277, 283 Walter A. . 139 Charles L. 311, 333, 378 William D. . 340 Chester 339 Pike, Andrew J. 161 Elisha 339 Chester . 348 George H. . . 283 Edward P. 290 Hiram . 465 Rev. James . 124 Israel 445, 487 Piper, Charles N. 140 John G. P. 286 Rev. Mr. 257 Prescott 181 Vesta A. 140 Samuel . 308 Pitcher, Frank F. . 328 Solomon 339 Place, Mrs. S. A. . 337 Stephen 11, 17, 19, 23 Plumer, Gov. William 244 Stella E. . . 141 Polk, Rev. R. T. . 128 Sumner 167, 260, 311 Pomroy, Hannah 299 Tarza 315 INDEX. 529 Q Reed, Levi F. 290 Reynolds, Frank J. 140 Quimby, Emerson A. 140, 142 Rhodes, Polly 315 George E. . 139 William 371 Herbert F. 140 Rice, Abel 240 Lewis J. . 139, 142 Alma 320 L. F. . . 125 Amy - . 315 Rev. Silas 120 Amos Bela 235 321 R Betsey . Benjamin 322 93, 321 Raflferty, Francis 299, 328 Benedick 371 Raimond, Abigail K. 822 Charles B. 196 Abigail R. 322 Danford 41, 161 Betsey . 322 Demon . 315, 322 Jacob 322 Ebenezer 21, 81,32, 63, 94, 99, 100 Ralston, Alexander . 178 101, 102 , 111, 240, 805, 806 184, 1 85, 329, 457 819, 323 ,327, 366, 370, 432 James 326 Elizabeth 319 Rand, Samuel . 468 Esther . 314 Samuel S. 367, 458 Herbert E. 140, 142 Fred de F. . 468 Hez. 93, 236 Randall, Lewis W. 2 00, 308, 367 Isabella D. 266 Randle, Joshua 316 Jacob 18, 31, 3 2, 82 224, 806, 371 Randolph, John 482 Joel 235 Ranney, Rev. Darwin H. 112 Joseph . 239 319, 366, 371 Rawley, Thankful . 314 Lydia . 822 Read, J. Parker 253, 285 Maria L. 141 George . 283 Miriam I. . 141 Jonathan 202 Mary 321, 324 Reardon, Edward D. 139 Maryalma 821, 324 Redfield, Hannah 317 Nehemiah 240 321, 324, 371 Henry A. . 299, 367 Phebe . 319, 323 Sylvanus F. 272 Rebekah 817 304, 3 05, 367, 449 Reuben . 240, 819, 323 William H. 302, 868 Samuel . 319 Willis 283 Sarah 315 Wyllys 347 Stephen . 819, 866, 367 Mrs. Wyllys 268, 373 William D. 265, 277, 281 Zeria 317 Richards, Joel . 90 Reed, Edgar T. 283 Dr. Josiah 74, 106, 249, 305 Erastus . 829, 412 310 ,811, 333, 380, 458 530 INDEX. Richards, Marion 266 Rossiter, Charles P. 172 Dr. Leonard E. 334 Charles T. 141 Dr. M. B. 334 Chittenden 459 Prudence 112 George P. 181 Rich, Artemus 318 309, 313, 343, 432 Bazaleel 318 Hattie 140 Bazaleel Ives 318 IdaB. 141 Benjamin H. . 318 James E. . 141 David . .55, 224 240, 371 Loret Collins . . 459 Elizabeth 318 Luzern Sherman . 459 Josiah 30, 32, 65, 101 133, 224 Marshall S. 310, 362, 364 240, 306, 357, 358 359, 371 Pomeroy M 171, 313, 375, 459 Josiah, Jr. 318 Rounseville Van Ness 459 Joseph . 318 Sherman . 469 Phebe . 318 Stephen F. 66 Richardson, Ashbel . 371 160, 304, 309, 312 Dorkiss 315 313, 348, 469, 461 Joseph . 31 252, 285 Mrs. Steplie n F. . 266 Josiah . 330 Submit Chittenden 459 Dr. Leonard E. 24 Capt. William . 459 Lewis J. 140, 142 William . . 65, 198, 201 Polly . 315 202, 308, 311, 347 Sabray . 316 361, 459, 460, 476 William 11, 17, 19, 23 Rounsevel, John P. . 312 Robbins, Ella P. 141 Rowell, George E. . 277, 283 Eev. Joseph H. 114, 164 Henry L . 141, 290 Roberts, Fannie 139 Jonathan E . 159, 164, 181 Dr. George D. 334 Joseph 92 John D . 290 Verne M. . 141 Mary 138 Royc e, Joel 235 Stephen J. 182 Silas . 239 Stephen J., Jr. 139, 310 Roys Benedick 30, 31, 43 Robertson, Eliphalet 115 David R. 290 Mary. . 115 Ebenezer 226, 227 Robinson, Charles D. 283 Henry F. 253, 285 Eliphalet 371 Fanny 322 Joseph W. 307 Hannah 322 Otis G. 298 Hezekiah 225, 227, 228, 370 Rogers, Abraham ISO Hezekiah, Jr. 317 Benajah 180, 393 Jacob 21, 31, 85, 226 Rodgers, Rev. Levi 92 Joel 224, 322, 339 Eossiter, Albert 349 Keturah . 316 INDEX. 531 Roys, Lydia Rugg, Fred H . IdaG. . John H. Russell, Albert?. Ebenezer George "W. Henry JohnW. Moses Phelps Peter . Sabine, Dr. Silas A. Dr. Silas H. Sampson, Jennie Sanborn, E. D. . 30, E. W. Jacob W. Rev. R. S. Sanders, Harriet M. Henry C. 305, Henry C, Jr. Mrs. C. H. Sanford, Thomas 202, Sanger, Eleazer Sankee, Simeon Santa Ana Sargent, Diantha Harvey H. Lyman N. pJev. O. C. Winthrop Sawyer, Rev. C. E. Samuel J. Saxton, Charles A. Dr. Thomas Scott, Abraham Ard Charles N. 323 138 139 294 253, 300 223 283 194 205, 378 102 144, 325 315 101 168 184, 333, 461 452 165, 362, 381 200 101 127 141 310, 346, 362 140, 142 152 201 311, 347, 348 229 462 246 266 294 294 114 70, 312, 354 127, 340 298 244 334 12, 17, 19, 23 1 277, 283 283 Scott, Rev. Elihu 119, 120 George F. 212 Hannah . 314 Henry . 301 James . 12, 17, 19, 23 John 11, 17, 19, 23 Samuel . 12, 17, 19, 23 Gen. Winfield 246 Scales, John 12, 17, 19, 23 Seabury, Bishop 100 102, 104 Sears, Martin . 140 Thomas . 140 Semmunds, Samuel . 317 Severance, Charles E. 291 Charles L. 291 313, 368 Willard C. 293 Seward, Samuel, Jr. 308 Shattuok, Mrs. C. 0. 470 Phebe 317 Shaw, Benjamin 323 Jonathan, Jr. 101 315, 322 Hartford D. . 323 Polly . 323 Real 316 Sabina . 323 Dr. S. T. 334 Shedd, Hosea P. 161 309, 354 Shelden, Frank 347 Elisha 101 Shepard, Frederick S. 413 Mrs. Martha Dana 374, 375 Mary E. . 141, 413 Shepardson, Reuben . 197 203, 204 Sheridan, Gen. P. H. 271, 273 Sherman, Hiram G. . 364, 368 Samuel 316 General 400 Sholes, Aaron . 371 Cynthia 317 Elisha S. 291 Lillian A. 141 Silsby, Henry S. 291 532 INDEX. Silsbj', Solon . 154 Snow, Lydia 310 Sims, Thephena 317 Molly . 319 William . 224, 240 Southgate, Caroline Lovisa 456 Skinner, Ebenezer . 30 Southwick, James M. 298 31, 32 82, 305, 370 South worth. Rev. Tertius B. 90, 91 Eev. Otis . 125 Sower, Charlotte Cecelia . 397 Kebekah 314 Spafford, Moses 20, 26, 32, 82, 225, 236 Sleeper, Florence A. 141 Spalding, Captain 226 George W. . 298 Sparhawk, Thomas . 229 Slooum, Dr. C. C. 335 Sparling, Jesse 293 Smart, Melville C. . 138 Spaulding, Capt. Dyer 398 Dr. William H., J 335 Esther . 316 Smeed, William 12, 18, 19, 23 George W. 300 Smiley, Rev. Edward 128 Joseph . 240, 371 Smith, Albert E. 141 Dr. John S. 202, 334, 361 Alvah . 303 Sanford . 103 Chester P. . 299, 433 Spencer, Cebia . ' 315 Daniel B. 298 Elizabeth 39, 419 Rev. Eleazer 119 Fannie A. . 138 Eunice 112 George W. . 286 Ezra 112 Herbert T. . 140 Ered P. 161, 163 Jeremiah 18 181, 272, 309, 364, 436 31, 236, 305, 306, 371 Rev. Henry S. 105, 107, 462 John . . 21, 32 Jacob . 70, 115 82, 224, 239, 357, 370 John 307, 310 Reuben 225, 234, 235 Dea. Jonathan 68 Samuel 317 Luella F. 139 Rev. S. A. . 127 Dr. Nathan 64, 144, 333, 463 Sperry, Anson M. 253, 299 Orville 259 James . 24 Polly . 317 Spofiord, Charles B. . 151, 212 Rev. S. P. 128 Spooner, James 239 Sarah . 395 Sprague, Charles H. 253 Walter H. . 268 Chester M. 293 William 317 Miss Elizabeth 264, 265 Rev. W. B. T. 105 Isaac 318 Smyth, Gov. Frederick 298 John . 32, 36 Snow, Alpheus 464 225, 240, 314 318, 371 Alpheus P. 24, 25 John C. . 318, 371 249, 250, 332, 395, 464 Rebekiah . 318 Rev. Elisha 125, 225 239, 319 Sarah 316 Amos 125 Susannah . 318 INDEX. 533 Sqnier, Algernon M. 300 Stevens, George H. . 122 Dr. William C. . 335 George W. . . 125, 375 Starbird, Stephen 74, 367 Godfrey , 75, 305 Stark, Gen. John 234, 237, 238, 420 308, 311, 319, 329, 353 Stearns, Asa 235 Harris 322, 347, 366, 367, 465 Daniel 235 Henry 55, 225 Gov. Onslow 278 234, 239, 314, 319, 371 Scarborough J. 327 Josiah 55 Steel, B. H. . 436 64, 76 , 88, 104, 135 Dr. James 98 224, 236, 240, 305, 306 225, 227, 314, 320, 335 315, 346, 353, 370, 464 Gov. John H. 165 Dea. Josiah . 75 Stedman, David 321, 371 319, 329, 353, 465 Hannah 321 Joseph S. . , 317 Fisher 321 Josiah, of Concord 165 Polly 321 Leonard M. 300 John 321 Lucius 307, 352, 468 Sterne, Betsey . 319 Linus 307, 352, 468 Eunice 319 Dr. Linus . 335, .371 Fanny . 319 Martha 319 Nabby . 39 Mitilda 319, 465 Polly . 319 Megs . 371 Dr. Thomas 44 Paran . . 135 55, 63, 184, 224, 227 194, 210, 329, 330, 353 310, 319, 335, 357, 370 412, 415, 465, 466, 467 Thomas, Jr. . 144, 319 Prudence 115 William 319 Rachael 315, 322 Stevenson, Rev. Daniel 122 Roswell 55, 236, 322, 370 Stevens, Abigail 319, 323 Ruth . 319, 323 Alfred 319, 323 Solon . 322 Alvah 75, 108, 308 Susannah 115 319, 329, 353, 465, 466 William 319 Augustine . . 319 Zeba . 371 Chalmers W. 138 Steward, Jonas 225, 236 Edwin 319, 465 Lucinda 316 Eliakim . 115 Stewart, Betsey 316 116, 117 305, 371 Charles C. 243 Elihu . 36, 46, 55, 59, 63 Jonas . 82 , 240, 370 87, 225, 230 231, 240 Still, Benjamin W. 298 306, 310, 357 370, 464 Stetson, Sarah . 314 Elihu, Jr. . . 224, 370 Stockwell, Ada M. 141 Elisha . . 236 Edgar W. 140 534 INDEX. Stookwell, George T. 123, 364 Strowbridge, James . . 44, 307, 327 Stodard, Lucinda 317 John . 64, 145 Stoddard, Amos 115 207, 306, 307, 326 Curtis 24 Parnel . 316 Susannah 115 William 55, 327 Stone, Almerin 0. 337 Sturtevant, William S. 260, 291 Anne E. 141 Stubbs , Rev. R. S. . 121, 250, 256 Betsey . 317 Sullivan, John . . 60, 68 Catharine 315 Sumner, Anne . 316, 317 Cornelius H. 291 Dr. A. F. . 335 Dea. David 468 Benjamin 18, 20, 21, 22, 31 Fanny . 316 33, 34, 35, 39, 45, 82 Harvey D. 299 98, 191, 219, 225, 226 John 101, 321 227, 229, 230, 305, 306 Joseph . 321 310, 317, 323, 370, 371 Mary 323 Clement . 19, 23 Matthias 33, 34, 35, 44 David H. . . 24, 25, 317 46, 59, 60, 61 , 63, 101 Fred A. 144, 317 185, 224, 226, 239, 240 Hannah 317, 323 305, 306 321, 323, 468 Hounor 317 Matthias, Jr. . 315 John . 171, 472 Priscilla . 314 John H. 144, 30" ', 317, 347, 384 Prudence 314 Mary 314, 317 Samuel . 235, 243, 488 Mrs. Olive . 314 Susannah 314, 321, 323 Prudence 317, 323 Zedekiah 488 Sarah 314 Story, Edward E. 252, 283 William B. 317 Samuel H. 155 Dr. William . 31, 82, 171 Stowell, Abner 200 226, 305, 333, 335 Celia A. 140 370 432, 471, 472 CoraE. 139, 142 Swaim , Rev. Joseph S. 114 George H. 66, 272, 303 Swain Arthur J. 137, 138 312, 348 364, 430, 469 Sweet, Benjamin 324 George H., 2d 296 Prudence 112 Ida L. 140, 142 Swett, Benjamin 101, 315, 324 Sheridan A. 140 Hitty . 324 Wilhelmena E. 141 Dr. John L. . 470 Straw, Andrew J. 253, 284 Josiah . 143, 470 George W. . 253, 299 Josiah, Jr. 470 John 253, 285 Rev. Josiah . 470 Streeter, Rev. Russel I 125 Polly . 324 INDEX. 535 Sylvester, James 181 Thomas , Charles L. W. . . 475 Symes, Col. William 12 , 13, 21 John 33, 225, 227, 370, 475 Symonds, Myrtie B . 140, 142 Joshua . . . 420 Lovina . . . 3 16 T Mabel S. . . . 141 Mary . . . 315 Taler, Samuel 315 Moses ... 89 Talham, Alfred 253 Orlando ... 343 Kev. C. L. . 152 Pliebe . . 317 Tappan, Mrs. Harriet 134 Samuel . 226, W, 370 John . 75, 87 Zara . 343, 371, 475 101, 144, 326, 346, 347 Zebal . . . 227 John W. 106, 134, 332, 471 Zena .... 475 Mason W. . 278, 492 Thompson, Savory . . . 314 Weare 471 Thorning, Samuel J. . . 291 Taylor, Arad . 203 Thrashf sr, Charles . . . 223 Benedick 243 Frank P. ... 467 Lieut. Benjamin 225 James B. . . . 364 Dennis . 253, 301 Lulu J. . . . 141 Ethel F. 141 Samuel ... 303 Joseph 23, 33, 34 35, 225, 226 Thornton, Matthew ... 63 234. 235, 239, 306, 472 Thureault, Dr. J. H. . . . 335 Roland 284 Tibbills, Chester F. . . 252, 291 Widow Temperano e 316 Ticknor, Elisha . . . 474 Timothy 11, 17, 19, 23 Elizabeth . . . 395 Gen. Zachary 246 George 304, 332, 406, 474 Temple, Charles W. H. 323 Rev. Joseph G. . . 105 Hannah 323 Tillotson, Rev. 0. H. . . 127 Hon. John . . L2, 14, 21 Titus, H.B 258 John . 317, g23 ToUes, Dr. Clarence W. 151, 333, 355, 476 Tenney, Amos . 473 Edwin W. . . . 272 Amos J. 194 427, 473 303, 309, 434, 473 Charles A. . , 391, 473 Harvey ... 182 Edward J. 209, 210 211, 272 John .... 475 303, 304, 312 348, 474 Lawrence A. . 182, 468 Elizabeth L. 486 Mabel .... 141 George A. . , 348, 474 Mary Evelin . . . 139 George P. . 253 , 285, 473 Minnie H. . . . 141 Kev. S. G. . , 486 Dr. Nathaniel 66, 136, 268, 271 Thayer, Walter , 140 272, 303, 304, 333, 348, 354 Thomas, Alonzo , 354 374, 467, 467, 475, 476, 494 Amanda 323 Philemon 308, 311, 361, 367 536 INDEX. Tolman, Chloe 315 Tyler, President John 361 ,362 Dorcas 115 John . . 4] , 43, 311, 347 TompkiDS, Rev. Frank P 92, 362 John, 2d 147 Towle, Bev. Francis W. 113 164, 200, 313, 342, 375 137, 263, 312 Miles . 339 Toothaker, Jotham S. 260, 286 Noah . 103 317 Towmlinson, Abraham 100 Phebe . . 314 Towne, Matthew T. . 253. 291 Rosetta . . 103 Samuel C. 294 Russell . 292 Towner, Benjamin . 225, 370 William 103 Benjamin, Jr. 225, 234 Tyrr all, Horace A. . 284 Torrey, Dr. E. 335 Sylvester M. 291 Tracy, Alfred . 145, 312 Rev. Leonard 112 U Trask, Doctor . 462 Tucker, Eliza . 461 Upham, Asa . 316 Dr. Henry . 335 Frank K. . , 480 Rev. William J. 92 George B. . . 75 , 76, 144 Tufts, Charles A. 367 245, 271, 303, 304 Walter . 249, 258 305, 347, 434, 452 Tutherly, David F. . 161 480, 481, 482, 485 Mrs. David F. 266 Hugo D. 310, 311, 332 Herbert E. 182, 476, 477 Jabez . . 63 Lilla A. . 140 144, 310, 332, 482, 483 Samuel 164, 182, 308, 476 Dr. J. Baxter , 271 William . 140 273, 372, 484 William E. 161, 182, 262 Harriet H. . 492 272, 303, 304, 309 James P. , . 43, 137 312, 375, 376, 401 James P. 168, 179, 183, 196 465, 467, 476, 477 272, 312, 375, 485 Tuttle, Hannah , 320, 324 J. Duncan . 196 348 Oliver . 225, 240, 320, 324 Lorenzo M. 294 Prudence 320 Phineas 480 Samuel 224, 236, 240 Robert H. . 245, 372 Tyler, Austin 117, 198, 303, 305, 307 Dr. Samuel R. 333, 485 308, 310, 311, 330, 359 Uhl, John H. . 441 Benjamin 30, 31, 41, 42, 43, 46 59, 93 , 94, 199, 207 V 227, 228, 305, 330, 477 Ephraim 75, 76, 199, 339, 359 Vaughan, Edwin 134, 255, 256, 298 Frederick A. . 375, 376 304, 305, 312, 332 Hoell . 139 333, 364, 368, 485 INDEX. 537 Vaughan, Frank T. . 333, 486 Walker, Andrew 293 Veasey, Joel 286 Benjamin P. 163, 250, 354 Lucius 291 George 182 Verry, John 239 George A. . 368 Verey, Luther . 317 George H. . 293 Vinton, "William 235 Horace Eaton 493 Volk, Dr. Carl A. . 333, 486 John S. 63, 66, 136, 137 Vogl, Frank P. 110, 195, 375 154, 158, 163, 165, 160, 161 250, 251 W 271, 272, 354, 362, 273, 311 364, 375 Wait, Albert S. 367, 490 420, 468, 490, 495 Benjamin 488 Bev. John . 490 Daniel . 490 Jonathan 152, 235 George W. 271 Joseph B. 59, 60, 148 152, 196 John T. 487, 490 Mary D. . 141 Capt. Jason . 33, 235 Simeon W. 493 Phineas . . 12, 17, 19 Solomon 307 Waite, John 487 Wallingford, George 436 Capt. Joseph 34 , 35, 173, 174 Joel . 311 225, 226, 234, 235 Rev. Philander 124 386, 487, 488, 489 Stella . 266 Widow Martha 314 Ward, Harvey . 293 Morrison R. . 487, 490 Warland, John H. . 154 Otis F. R. . 148, 152, 153 311, 361, 493, 495 154, 160, 161, 163 Warner, Abel . 229 166, 249, 250, 257 Daniel 31 265, 266, 268, 272 93, 94, 225, 236, 370 303, 304, 353, 354 Daniel, Jr. . 227 362, 374, 375, 490 George C. 141 Richard 486, 487 Levi . . 93, 225, 227, 236 Thomas 486, 487 Col. Seth . 238 Wakefield, George L. 294 Thomas 88, 112, 306, 307 Harvey M . 284 326, 327, 371, 493 Hezekiah . 323 Warren, Rev. Edgar L. 92 Peter 323 Washburn, Charles N. 204, 205, 452 Peter, Jr. 323 Helen E. 452 Sylvester E. H. 253, 299 Ebenezer 224 Waldo, Nathan 305 jsr. P. . 452 Waldron, George H. . 299 Washington, President George 52, 54 Walker, Capt. Abel . . 238 55 , 58, 136 Adjlie M. G. 139, 142 Waterman, Silas 22& 538 INDKX. Watson, Amos A. 328 Wescott, Samuel 396 Benjamin . 315 Westgate, Nathaniel W. 895 Ebenezer 328 Wetherbee, Charles W. 253 , 277, 284 Waugh, Bishop 119 Isaac F . 847 Way, Edwin F. 145 Jonathan 379 George O. 145 Ellen 379 Gordon . 178 Wheaton, Rev. George 44, 82, 83 Louisa M. 411 Wheeler, Aaron 840 Dr. Osmon B. 123, 124, 134, 148 Abel 125 151, 178, 186, 208 Edmund . 460 305, 312, 329, 333 John F. . 253, 284 348, 355, 356, 364 Moses 193, 194 311 340, 414 374, 437, 457, 494 Submit Chittenden 460 Weade, Mary . 316 William C. 341 Weare, Mesiieck 63, 223 Wheelock, Rev. Dr. 97 Webb, George 0. . 2S4 Daniel 317 Hiram . 137, 272, 312 Whipple, Carrie L. 496 Lucius C. 292 Cora D. 140 Webber, Henry G. 250 John M. 249, 255, 303 Weber, George H. 252 313, 846, 364, 495 Joseph . 154, 250 John M. , Jr. 140, 496 255, 258, 265, 272, 311 Jonathan 494 312, 361, 367, 495, 500 Lois . 141, 142, 496 Webster, Charles H. , 141, 142 Thomas J. 66 Daniel 60, 136, 380, 401, 492 Gen. William 237 Ebenezer . 59 Whitcomb, Francis . 70, 8.54 Ezekiel 60 Mrs. Francis 266 Weed, Charles F. . 141, 142 George F. 496 Charles H. . 110, 134, 304 Isabella I . 141 Wentworth, Gov. Benning 9, LI, 12, 20 Jacob 496 21, 36, 37, 47, 173 1 Jonathan 418, 496 Gov. John . , 33, 36, 99 William F. 141 Mark Hunking 12, 14, 21, 86 White, Bessie M. 141 Wells, Julia E. 139, 142 Carrie A. W. 139 Rev. Samuel 12, 17, 19, 23, 115 1 Lucinda 317 West, Benjamin 44 James . 371 John . . 56 , 183 224, 371 John 185 Ruth 317 Whiting, Artemus 339 Wescott, Anna 396 N. . 206 Jeremiah, Jr. 317 Warren 836 Rebecca 817 Whitmore, Elijah 168 Rufus 817 Nelson N. 291 INDEX. 539 WMtmore, Norman F. 284 Winthrop, John 459 Whitney, Florence C . 140, 142 Winn, Albert F. . 66 Whittier, Samuel 44 Frank G. 364 Whittlesey, Newton 805 John A. . 812 Wightman, Mary J. 137 Wise, John 185 317 Wilder, J. 378 Wiske, C. Mortimer 375 Wilkins, Lydia 112 Wolcott, Alanson F. 253 413 Rev. R. W. 122 Etta M. . . 139 Wilkinson, Dr. Fred C. 120 George E. 140 152, 333, 496 Minnie M. 140 Willard, Abel. . 12, 17,'19, 20, 23 Wood, Jonathan . 418 Abijah 12, 17, 19, 23 Mary . , 417 Rev. Elijah 115 Woodbury, Augustus E. . 284 Jonathan . 12, 17, 19, 23 Levi 165 Josiah 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 19 W. 0. c. 367 22, 23, 184, 419 Woodcock, George 0. 312 313 Josiah, Jr. 11, 17, 19, 23 Wooddell, Edward W. 258, 259 312 333 Prentice 12, 17, 19, 21, 23 George . 184 344 Sampson 11, 17, 19, 23 Mrs. George . 344 William 12, 14, 21 Woodman, Elvira E. . 141 Williams, Charles 305, 311, 367 Woods, Joseph 239 Rev. L. 0. 128 Woodward, Bazellah 44 Williamson, Alonzo B. 303, 304 David . . 226 332 346, 428, 497 Woolley, N. P. 375 Willey, Jesse L. 140 Walter B. 141 Willis, Algernon 148, 312 Woolson, Charles J. 499 500 Rev. Samuel 125, 127 Constance Fenimore 499 500 Willson, Abigail 316 Thomas 75, 303, 310 498 500 Toma 316 Worth, Elizabeth 431 Wilson, Fannie F. 141 Worthen, Mrs. Eveline . 418 George W. . 119 George W. 418 Hannah 119 Rev. H. W. . 124 Jonathan 498 Wright, Amaziah 82 Joseph 101, 182, 497 David 92 Joseph, Jr. 497, 498 John . 226 Josiah 182, 497 Joseph 82 235 Josiah F. . 497 Thomas 235 Josiah D . 139 Rev. Thomas G. 113 Lydia . 497 Wyman, A. P. 137 354 Mary A. 141 H. F. 125 Nahum 383, 497, 498 540 INDEX. York, Amos 30, 31, 82, 305, 339, 370 Christopher 101, 186,224, 239, 240 Comfort ... 314 Elsie . . 319, 320 Esther . . 314, 819 Gersham 225, 234, 236 Jonathan . 225, 234, 316, 339 Joseph 82, 224, 234, 236, 319, 370 York, Joseph, Jr. Samuel J. William Young, Charles Frank John E. Mary T. Zerrahn, Carl 225, 320- 320 236, 371 311, 495 . ■ 292 292 138 375.