\_A1 s: 16 yrt^fl) CORNELL UNIVERSITY UBHflRY ^,,,,,^,, |„| I™ STATISTICS "Y924''054''' 5l'4''728' TTEMY, Director Collective AgkmMtis?-. 9 .1 fSWf^:-: BETWfeKN Employers and Laboe Organizations 1911 PaET III OP THE FOBTT-SECOND ANNUAL RePOBT ON THE STATISTiCa OP Labob .^ BOSTON WRIGHT & POTTER PRINTING CO. STATE PRINTERS mi THE LIBRARY OF THE NEW YORK STATE SCHOOL OF INDUSTRIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY IS- Collective Agkeements BETWEEN Employees and Labor Organizations 1911 By The DraECTOH op the Btjbeatj of Statistics II BOSTON WEIGHT & POTTBE PRINTING CO. ^^ STATE PEINTEES Approved by The State Boaed of Publication. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION General discussion of collective agreements, . Inquiries in other States and foreign countries, General summary, ..... Syllabus of introductory portion of report, I. Scope and Method op the Repobt, II. The Subject Matteb op Collective Agreements, 1. Introductory, III. Collective Bakgaining in the 2. Wages, 3. Hours of labor, 4. Arbitration, 5. Apprentices, 6. Closed shop, 7. Union label, 8. Sanitary conditions, . 9. Method of renewal, . 10. Other subjects, . National and Distbict Systems of United States, 1. Introductory, 2. Boot and shoe manufacturing, (a) Boot and Shoe Workers' Union; (6) Other unions of shoe workers, 3. Printing trades, (o) International Typographical Union, (b) International Printing Pressmen and Assistants' Union, (c) International Photo-Engravers' Union of North America, (d) International Stereotypers and ElectrotjiJers' Union, (e) International Brotherhood of Bookbinders, . (/) Lithographers' International Protective and Beneficial Asso- ciation, . . . . . 4. Railroad employees, ..... (o) Steam railroad employees, . (6) Street and electric railway employees, 5. Building trades, . ; . . . (a) Bricklayers and masons, (6) Other building trades, .... 6. Foundry trade, ... ... (a) International Molders' Union of North America. (6) Metal polishers, ..... 7. Paper and pulp making, ..... 8. The coal mining industry, . 9. Pottery trade, ..... 10. Longshd^^en, IV STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. IV. Local Agreements between Emploters and Local Organizations IN Massachusetts, ...... Introductory, ....... A. Local agreements: By occupations, 1. Boot and shoe manufacturing, 2. Printing trades, ..... 3. Railway service, ..... (o) Steam railroad service, . (b) Street railway service, . 4. Building trades, . . . . . Introductory, . ... (a) Bricklayers, masons, and plasterers, (ft) Carpenters, .... (c) Electrical workers, (d) Hoisting and portable engineers, . (e) Lathers (wood, wire, and metal), (/) Painters, decorators, and paperhangers, (g) Plumbers, steamfitters, helpers, etc., (A) Roofers, . (i) Sheet metal workers 5. Stone working trades. Introductory, (o) Granite cutters, (b) Quarry workers, (c) Paving cutters, . (d) Stone cutters, 6. Other trades and occupations, (a) Bakers and confectioners, (b) Barbers, Bartenders, . Brewery trades. Garment trades, . Teaming, Theatrical stage employees By localities. B. (c) (d) (c) (/) (0) Local agreements Introductory, Boston, Worcester, Springfield, Brockton, Haverhill, Lynn, Other cities and towns EXAMPLES OF COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS IN CERTAIX OCCU PATIONS, Allied Printing Trades Council, Boston, rules of the union label. Bakers, Brockton, . Official price list, . Combination label agreement, Barbers, Boston, Work days and wage scale. Agreement governing display of union shop cards. Bartenders, Fall River, .... Boilermakers, Boston and Maine R.R., . Boot and Shoe Cutters, Lynn, Boot and Shoe Workers; Union Stamp Contract, Bottler and Drivers, Lawrence, . . ■ ., Part III.] CONTENTS. v EXAMPLES OF COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS IN CERTAIN OCCU- PATIONS — Con . Pages Boxmakers, Boston, .......... 185-187 Brewery Workmen, Boston, 187-191 Bricklayers, Masons, and Plasterers' International Agreement, . . . 191, 192 Carpenters, Marlborough, ......... 192 Carpet Upholsterers, Boston, . . 192-194 Clerks — Dry Goods, Brockton 194, 195 Clerks — Grocery and Provision, Lynn, ... . . 196, 197 Compositors, .... . ... 197-210 Daily papers, Boston, . . . . ... 197-200 Book and job scale, Boston, ..... . . 201, 202 International arbitration agreement, ...... 202-210 Individual arbitration contract, 205, 206 Code of procedure, 206-210 Conductors and Trainmen, Boston and Maine R.R 210-228 Rules and rates of pay applicable to men in train and yard service, . 210-227 Rules applicable to stationary switch tenders, ..... 227, 228 Cooks and Waiters, Brockton, 228-230 Cutting Die and Cutter Makers, Lynn 230-232 Electrical Workers, Lynn, ' 232, 233 Engineers — Steam, Boston, . 233-235 Firemen — Stationary, Boston and vicinity, ... . . 236-238 Agreement with coal dealers, 236, 237 Agreement with brewers . 237, 238 Goodyear Operators, Lynn 238, 239 Granite Cutters, Worcester, . 239-241 Insulators and Asbestos Workers, Boston, . .... 241, 242 Leather Workers on Horse Goods, Boston, ...... 243, 244 Meat Cutters and Butchers, 244, 245 Contract 244, 245 Rules governing the union label and stamp, ..... 245 Molders, International Molders' Union and Stove Founders' National Defense Association, ......... 246-252 Moving Picture Machine Operators, Springfield, ..... 252 Musicians, Boston, .......... 253-259 Painters and Paperhangers, Brockton 259-263 Paving Cutters, Cape Ann 263-265 Printing Pressmen, Brockton, ........ 265, 266 Quarry Workers, Rockport, 266, 267 Railroad Station Employees, Boston and Maine R.R., .... 267-269 Raihroad Signalmen, New York, New Haven, and Hartford R.R. Co., . 269-272 Street Railway Employees, Bay State Street Ry. Co 272-277 STATISTICAL TABLES 278-296 Table I. — Number of unions reporting agreements accepted and not accepted in 1911, by firms within their jurisdiction, show- ing specified proportions of firms signing such agreements: By occupations 278, 279 Table II. — Number of unions reporting agreements accepted and not accepted in 1911, by firms within their jurisdiction, show- ing specified proportions of firms signing such agreements: By localities, . 280 Table III. — Membership of unions reporting agreements accepted and not accepted in 1911, by firms within their jurisdiction, showing specified proportions of firms signing such agree- ments: By occupations, ...... 281, 282 Table IV. — Collective agreements reported in operation in 1911, . . 283-296 VI STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P.D. 15, Part III. APPENDIX I. 11. — National and District Systems of Collective Bah- GAININQ in the UnITED StATES, — Collective Agreements in Foreign CotrNTRiES, APPENDIX Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, Zilrloh, Basel, United Kingdom, APPENDIX III. — Voluntary Arbitration op Labor Disputes by the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration in Massachusetts in 1911, ... APPENDIX IV. — Index to Collective Agreements published in Massachusetts Labor Bulletins, . . . . SPECIMEN FORM OF INQUIRY SENT TO SECRETARIES OF LOCAL LABOR ORGANIZATIONS 297 -299 300-306 300 301 302 302 303 303 303, 304 304, 305 304 304, 305 305, 306 307, 308 309-317 318 Collective Ageeements BETWEEN Employers and Laboe Oeganizations. INTRODUCTIOK. Within recent years a considerable and increasing interest has been manifested in the various methods that have been proposed or adopted in the hope of reducing the number of industrial disputes to a mini- mum. Numerous laws providing for arbitration of disputes between employers and employees have been enacted.* These legislative enact- ments in certain countries, notably Australia and New Zealand, provide for compulsory arbitration; in other countries, as in the American States, they provide merely the machinery for voluntary arbitration, while in Canada and the Transvaal acts have been passed providing for the cessation of hostilities for a period of thirty days during which period a thorough investigation of the matters in dispute must be made and the real facts in the case made public.^ There is, besides these governmental systems of conciliation and arbitra- tion, a movement within the several industries or trades themselves known as " collective bargaining." The written statement of the results of this form of direct and voluntary negotiation between em- ployers and organizations of employees is known as a " collective agreement," * and it is principally to agreements of this character 1 The Fourth Abstract of Foreign Labour Statistics [Cd 5415 pp. xxxix-xlv and 269-278] issued by the Labour Department of the British Board of Trade in 1911 contains a description of the main features of laws enacted in France, Belgium, Germany, Holland, Italy, Switzerland, Denmark, SwedeAf and the United States providing for arbitration and conciliation by official Boards or Commissions and also con- tains statistics relative to the operation of these laws. The principal portions of the text are reprinted in The Board of Trade Labour Gazette, for March, 1911, pages 82-84. * For a description of the Canadian Industrial Disputes Investigation Act and its operation see Bulletins of the United States Bureau of Labor No. 76 (May, 1908), No. 86 (Jan., 1910), and No. 98 (Jan., 1912). ' This term is used as synonymous with the familiar terms "joint agreements," "trade agreements," "industrial agreements, " and "labor contracts." [119] 120 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. that attention will be directed in this report. The findings or awards following the compulsory arbitration of industrial disputes are not strictly in the nature of collective agreements inasmuch as both parties to a dispute in question must abide by the terms of the award or be liable to penalty for violation of such terms. The awards handed down by governmental arbitration boards to whom industrial controversies have been voluntarily referred by the parties thereto, as in the case of the awards by the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration in Massachusetts/ are properly to be considered as col- lective agreements in so far as they are mutually acceptable to both parties to the dispute. There are numerous kinds of collective agreements some of which are distinct departures from the simplest form of collective agree- ment, that is, an agreement between a single employer or local group of employers and a local group of well organized employees where the strength of the two parties is fairly well balanced so that neither side can impose conditions upon the other. Such agreements which receive the approval of both parties without coercion are therefore contracts in the true sense of the word. Where the strength of one party far exceeds that of the other owing to weakness of organization there can be no collective agreement, properly so-called; they are merely formal dictations of the terms of a temporary truce, and while there may be no outward manifestation of conflict there can be no really peaceful relations between employers and employed nor assur- ance that an outbreak may not result at any time. Examples of these so-called " agreements " are the " shop notices " in many estab- lishments, which state the terms of employment therein, the " con- tracts " which individual employees may be required to sign on accepting employment, and the district 'council notices sent out to employers in a definite locality stating the wage scale that the council desires to become operative on a specified date. None of these forms have been included among the agreements considered in this report notvdthstanding the fact that they have been frequently submitted as agreements by the local organizations reporting to the Bureau. The importance of collective agreements as instruments for the securing of peaceful relations between capital and labor is usually 1 For a statement with reference to the awards by the State Board of Arbitration, see Appendix III on pages 307, 308. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 121 underestimated for the reason that public attention is ordinarily not directed to those differences between employer and employees which do not culminate in open conflict of the nature of a strike, lockout, or boycott, but which are settled by direct negotiations between the two parties, and frequently without the intervention of any third party. The hope that eventually all labor disputes might be settled through the submission of differences to a third disinterested party, — that is, through arbitration — cannot in many instances be realized because of the indisposition of one or the other of the disputants to so refer the points at issue. Under such circumstances a peaceful settlement can be secured only through direct negotiations, and this implies organization on the part of employers and employees with the appointment of representatives authorized to accept or reject proposed terms of settlement. The collective agreement in its purest form is therefore the final statement of the terms of settlement arrived at as a result of the direct negotiations between employers and employees, — the direct result of collective bargaining between those desiring to purchase and those desiring to sell labor power. One of the best indications of the importance of collective bar- gaining, conciliation, and arbitration in Massachusetts is found in the statistics of the methods by which changes in wages and hours of labor are brought about.^ The proportion of such changes made without recourse to strikes or lockouts is the best index we have of the success of these agencies in preserving industrial peace. Thus of the 569,430 employees ^ whose remuneration was increased or whose working time was reduced during the four-year period, 1907- 1910, 210,455 received these improved conditions at the request of employees and of this number 92.4 per cent were granted such vdth- out strike and 7.6 per cent after strike; 83.7 per cent with the aid of labor organizations and 16.3 per cent without such aid; 94 per cent by direct negotiations with employers; and six per cent by arbitration. As indicative of a new conception of the relationship between the employers and employees and as hopeful of a new attitude to be observed by these two parties may be cited a clause from the " State- > See Fourth Annual Report on Changes in Rates of Wages and Hours of Labor in 1910 published by this Bureau in Labor Bulletin No, 86, Dec. 1, 1911. The report also contains comparative statistics for the years 1907 to 1909. ' Counting individuals as often as their wages were increased or their hours reduced. 122 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. ment of Purpose " adopted by the Conference for Industrial Peace which was organized under the auspices of the National Civic Feder- ation in New York City in December, 1901. That mutual agreements as to conditions under which labor shall be per- formed should be encouraged and that when agreements are made the terms thereof should be faithfully adhered to both in letter and spirit by both parties. In the United States collective agreements do not appear to be as generally in vogue as in the older countries as, for example, in the United Kingdom, where the supply of labor is more frequently in excess of the demand than in this country and where organization of employees is more necessary in order to keep up the standard of wages. In official publications, and indeed in economic literature, very little has been published with reference to collective agreements adopted in the United States, and, with the exception of material relative to agreements in New York State published annually by the New York Department of Labor, such information is usually not of recent date and is therefore unrepresentative of certain occupations in which agreements are important factors at the present time. The following statement ^ relative to " Joint Trade and Industrial Agree- ments " is descriptive of the work of collection and publication of agreements performed by the Department of Labor in the State of New York : The Department of Labor has for several years made a point of colleetitig trade agreements entered into by employers and employees of this State, in order to have available such important information as they contain respecting wages, hours and other working conditions in New York industries. The agreements are collected through co-operation between the Bureau of Mediae tion and Arbitration and the Bureau of Labor Statistics and are filed by the former Bureau and printed in its annual report for public information, as far as is practicable. . . . In the New York report for 1910 about 570 pages were devoted to a reprint of the text of the whole or of portions of the more im- portant agreements entered into during the year ending September 30, 1910. This material does not include many agreements of ' Anniml report of the Bureau of Mediation and Arbitration of the New York State Department of Labor, 1910, page 577. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 123 preceding years, also in force during some part of the year specified, nor many other agreements, including certain railroad agreements and numerous piece price-lists in other oQCupations which are subject to minor revisions from year to year. Aside from this important annual contribution to the subject, there appear to be no publications, official or unofficial, covering compre- hensively the full range of collective agreements now in effect in the United States, or in any single State in this country. However, in Vol. XVII of the Reports of the United States Industrial Commis- sion, issued in 1901, two chapters comprising about 100 pages are devoted to a description of a number of national, district, and local agreements in effect at that time, and the descriptive matter there given, with some modification, would hold true of such agreements at the present time. It is not within the province of this .Bureau to attempt to compile information relative to collective agreements outside of the Common- wealth except in so far as certain representative agreements nego- tiated by National or International unions may be operative within this State or may be illustrative of the various forms of agreements to which attention may well be directed. In a measure this present report is an attempt to present a review of the subject of collective agreements in Massachusetts following somewhat the same methods as those adopted by the Labour Department of the British Board of Trade for the United Kingdom ^ in 1910 and by the German Imperial Labor Department ^ in 1906. In those reports an endeavor was made to present a general descrip- tion of the agreements in effect in the respective countries at the time of making the report, and to cite examples of the more important agreements in the several industries, the full text or selected portions of the text of the various agreements being reprinted. In this manner the foundation was laid for an annual presentation of the subject, it being necessary each succeeding year to present only supplementary reports containing description of and selections from the text of new ' See "Report on Collective Agreements between Employers and Workpeople in the United King- dom" [Cd. 5366], published in 1910 by the Labour Department of the British Board of Trade. An extract from the British Eeport appears in Appendix II of this (Massachusetts) Report on page 305, post. 2 A report on collective agreements in Germany (Der Tarifverlrag in Deutschen Rdche) was issued by the Imperial Labor Department in 1906 and supplementary reports have since been issued. For a state- ment relative to the matter on this subject published by the Imperial Labor Department, see Appendix II of this (Massachusetts) report on page 302, post. 124 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. agreements, particularly of such new agreements as migbt contain some new provision not formerly adopted. Following the precedent already established by the British and by the German Labor Departments and by the New York Department of Labor, we have endeavored in the present report to cover in a com- prehensive way the subject matter of the agreements in effect in Massachusetts at the close of the year 1911.-^ Following are some of the principal statistical facts shown in this report : Total number of local trade unions in Massachusetts, .... 1,282 Total number of local trade unions answering inquiries, . . . 1,226 Number of unions having signed agreements with one or more em- ployers, 530' Number of unions having verbally accepted agreements with one or more employers, 42 Number of unions reporting no agreements with employers, . . 654 Aggregate membership of the 1,282 local trade unions in Massachu- setts, 191,038 Aggregate membership of the 1,226 local trade unions answering inquiries, 185,414 Membership of unions having signed agreements with one or more employers in jurisdiction, 105,478 Membership of unions having verbally accepted agreements with one or more employers in jurisdiction, 7,761 Membership of unions reporting no agreements with employers in jurisdiction, 72,175 Number of unions reporting agreements signed with all firms in juris- diction, 259 Membership of 259 unions reporting agreements signed with all firms in jurisdiction, 42,398 A syllabus of the introductory portion of this report is given below, the statistical tables dealing Avith details appear on pages 2Y8-296 and a specimen of the form used in the collection of these statistics is shown on page 318. • Owing to the delay in publiahing this report, which refers in general to conditions as existing at the iclose of 1911, the Bureau lias found it advisable in several instances to supply information of a later date where certain former agreements have been superseded by later agreements in 1912. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 125 g, I. Scope and Method of the Report, II. The Subject Matter of Collective Agreements, 1. Introductory, 2. Wages, . 3. Hours of Labor, ... . , 4. Arbitration, . . . 5. Apprentices, 6. Closed Shop, ... 7. Union Labisl, ... 8. Sanitary Conditions, . 9. Method of Renewal, 10. Other Subjects, ... III. National and District Systems of Collective Bargainini 1. Introductory, 2. Boot and Shoe Manufacturing, 3. Printing Trades, 4. Railroad Employees, . . . 5. Building Trades, 6. Foundry Trade, . ... 7. Paper and Pulp Making, . 8. Coal Mining Industry, 9. Pottery Trade, 10. Longshoremen, rV. Agreements Entered into with Employers by Local Unions in Massachusetts, Introductory, ... . . . A. Local Agreements : By Occupations, . B. Local Agreements: By Localities, V. Examples of Collective Agreements in Leading Occupations in Massachusetts, Pages 126, 127 128-137 128 128-130 130, 131 131 132 132 132, 133 134-136 136 136, 137 138-159 138, 139 139-141 141-146 147-152 153-155 155. 156 156. 157 157. 158 158. 159 159 160-175 160-162 162-173 173-175 176-277 126 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15.. I. SCOPE AND METHOD OF THE EEPOET. In preparing its reports on " Labor Organizations " for the years- 1908, 1909, and 1910, this Bureau has included in its annual sched- ules, sent to each local labor organization in the Commonwealth,, certain inquiries with reference to the prevalence and character of: the agreements between these organizations and the local employers- or associations of employers. Each organization was also requested: to send a copy of its latest agreement, and in many instances such copies were received and found very useful in the verification of the ■ returns. The returns in answer to these inquiries indicated that during each of the three years approximately one-half of the organi- zations reporting were accustomed to have an agreement of some- character with their employers. In preparing the present report the scope of the investigation was: extended and several additional inquiries relative to agreements were- added to the schedule ^ sent out at the close of the year to each local labor organization knoviTi to be in existence in Massachusetts at that time. The inquiries on this schedule had reference to the method of negotiation -with employers in securing the adoption of the agreement — where such existed, the number of firms -within the jurisdiction of the local organizations which had signed this agreement, the number of firms which had verbally accepted it, the number of firms employing persons eligible to join the union in question which had not signed the existing agreement, the date on which the agreement went into effect, the date on which it would expire, and certain other inquiries with reference to the subject under consideration. It has not proved practicable to tabulate all of the data obtained in answer to these inquiries, but tables ^ have been prepared which show by occupations and by localities the number and membership of organi- zations which reported having agreements signed by employers, the proportion of firms signing such agreements, the number and member- ship of unions having agreements which were verbally accepted by employers, and the number and membership of unions which reported ' See specimen form on page 318, post. ' See Tables I, II, and III on pages 278 to 282, poe(. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 127 having no agreements (signed or verbal) with employers. A further table has been prepared in which are listed, by occupations and locali- ties, all agreements which were known to be in effect in 1911, together with the dates on which these agreements took effect and the dates on which they would expire, and, in so far as the information was available, the subject matter of the respective agreements.^ An analysis of the more important data appearing in these tables is presented on pages 160 to 175. ' See Table IV on pages 283 to 296, post. 128 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P- D- 15. 11. THE SUBJECT MATTER OF COLLECTIVE AGREE- MENTS. 1. Intboductoey. Tlie subjects dealt with in collective agreements are numerous and varied in character. The principal provisions have reference to v?ages and hours of labor, but many agreements, particularly those nego- tiated by boot and shoe vt^orkers with their employers, contain a clause with reference to arbitration. Among other subjects consid- ered are apprentices, closed shop, and union label, and within recent years it has become the practice among certain organizations to insert also clauses with reference to shop conditions. These various subjects will be discussed briefly in succeeding pages. In Table IV on pages 283 to 296 the subject matter of the respective agree- ments there listed is indicated by abbreviations appearing in the last column of the Table, the meaning of these abbreviations being ex- plained in the note at the top of the Table. 2. Wages. In most of the industries payment for service is based on time employed, but the payment of compensation based on the amount of work performed and known as piece-wages or piece-prices is by no means uncommon. In the payment of time-wages ordinarily no reference is made to the definite amount of work which shall be performed in the time specified. The usual basis of payment is by the hour, day, or week, and occasionally by the month. The payment of piece-wages, on the other hand, usually has no reference to the time in which a specified amount of work shall be performed. Occa- sionally there exists a combination of the time and piece-rate pay- ment, and in such cases a minimum payment is made for a definite amount of work to be performed within a specified time and an addi- tional compensation is paid for the performance of work in excess of the amount specified. In certain rather rare instances arrangement is made by the em- ployer to pay a piece-price rate to a group of employees to be divided among them in fixed proportions or to pay a lump sum for the per- formance of a specified amount of work to a leader of a group of workmen, virtually a sub-contractor, who himself makes payment Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 129 on a piece-rate basis to his fellow employees, retaining the balance remaining as his own remuneration. With reference to price lists it may be said in this connection that many of the important price lists which actually are in effect and which have been considered in this report as virtually signed agreements have not actually received the signature of both parties; thus in the case of certain price lists printed and circulated by cigarmakers' unions, these price lists have not actually been signed by the employers, but not infrequently they may be found posted in the establishments, having been approved by the employers who in turn are granted the use of the union label on condition that the prices specified shall be paid to their employees. In certain instances the piece-price lists by no means enumerate all of the varieties of work performed in the establishment in which the price list is in effect. In such cases it is customary to define a " standard " article or process, and additional allowances and de- ductions in prices are made in accordance with variations from this standard. Thus many of the boot and shoe price lists specify certain standard prices, and usually in negotiating any change in rates the standard price list alone is considered. In other cases no considera- tion of the standard price is necessary, it being sufficient to provide merely for variations from the standard as the result of the intro- duction of new styles of shoes. A method of providing for changes in wages which would work automatically is known as the sliding scale, an arrangement under which the wage-rates paid to employees are based on the selling price of a specified product or the cost of raw material or the combination of both elements in the cost of manufacture. This method of provid- ing automatically for changes in wages, while still operative in cer- tain industries, particularly in the United Kingdom, is hardly as prevalent as it was some years ago, and in Massachusetts it is prac- tically non-existent at the present time. In the textile industry in Fall Eiver this method was in operation from October, 1905, to May, 1910, when an attempt was made to amend the agreement which had become inoperative owing to the fact that the mill owners had waived their right to reduce wages under that agreement in 1908 and again in 1909.^ This sliding scale was an automatic arrangement * An account of the origin and operation of the sliding scale system of regulating wages may be found in our Labor Bulletins No. 41, May, 1906, pp. 192-196; No. 51, July-August, 1907, pp. 27-33; No. 52, Sep- tember, 1907, pp. 98-103; and No. 60, June-July, 1908, pp. 263-266, 288, and in the 39th and 40th Annual Reports on the Statistics of Labor, 1908 and 1909, on pp. 259-267 and 44-47 respectively; and in Labor Bulletin No. 86, December 1, 1911, pp. 14-15. 130 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. for the regulation of rates of wages by which the operatives would receive wages based on the minimum rate of 18 cents and a maximum rate of 23.96 cents a cut for weaving print cloth and also additional wage premiums to be calculated upon the margin between the market price of the raw material and that of the finished goods. In certain agreements provision is made for additional payments for overtime and for night work. These subjects will be considered in the paragraphs following relating to hours of labor. 3. Hours of Lauor. Where payment for work is on the time-rate basis it is usually customary in agreements to state the number of hours of work to be performed each day, and where the employer desires to continue the work beyond such specified number of hours it is frequently provided in the agreement that a time-rate of wages higher than the ordinary rate shall be paid for overtime, the rate usually being expressed as a specified fraction of the rate of pay for work done in normal hours, thus as " time and a quarter," " time and one-half," or " double time." Occasionally the first hour or two of overtime is paid for at the ordinary rate and the higher rate for overtime does not become effective until after a certain number of hours have been worked. Work performed on Sundays or on holidays is generally paid for as ■overtime, in some cases as time and a quarter or time and one-half, but more frequently as double time, it being the intent in most cases "to discourage the employment of workmen on these days. Where piece-price wages are paid the payment of additional remuneration for work performed after the close of the regular working day is by no means uncommon. In addition to the payment of extra wages for overtime it is fre- quently provided in the agreements that a higher rate of remunera- tion shall be paid to people employed by night than is paid those employed by day. Usually, however, the additional payment is not as large as the additional payment for overtime, for the reason that those on night shifts are usually not employed during the day and the night work is therefore not in the nature of overtime work. In some instances those employed on " night-shift " work for a less number of hours per day but receive the same daily rate of wage as those on " day-shift." Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 131 Not only is it customary to provide for the payment of extra compensation for overtime and night work, but frequently it is pro- vided in agreements that overtime work shall be restricted, usually in the interest of the unemployed workmen, it being considered by organized workmen as preferable to provide work that might other- wise necessarily be done as overtime for their fellow members who would not be employed at all, and also to avoid an excessive strain on men called upon to work continuously during a period of unrea- sonable duration. 4. Aebiteation. A method of providing for the adjustment of wages, hours, and ■other conditions of labor which is coming more and more into general use is that of volimtary arbitration. Many of the agreements now in effect in Massachusetts, while specifying rates of wages, hours of labor, and other conditions to be effective for a defitiite period of time, add clauses providing, in some cases, for a reference of those matters which may be subject to controversy even prior to the termi- nation of an agreement, to the State Board of Conciliation and Arbi- tration or to some other agency or to an individual empowered to render an award binding upon both parties in such respects as may previously have been determined upon in the notice of reference. In other cases the arbitration provision relates merely to the renewal of the agreement at the time of its expiration or to certain particulars in the existing agreement which might at the expiration of the agree- ment be a subject of dispute. As illustrative of the arbitration agreement may be cited that of the Boot and Shoe Workers' Union which is discussed later in this Report and a copy of which appears on pages 182—184. The provision in agreements for reference of local disputes to a local board is also not uncommon. Occasionally (as in the case of the bakers' local agreement in Boston) provision is made for the reference of aU difficulties arising between employers and employees to a committee consisting of direct representatives of each party concerned, and in their failure to adjust any point in dispute such matter is referred to the State Board whose decision shall be final, and pending such decision no strike or lockout shall be permitted. This reference to a joint committee is in the nature of conciliation in that it provides for the settlement of contro- versies in so far as possible without recourse to any outside agency. 132 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. 5. Apprentices. The restriction on tlie employment of young persons is provided for in many of the collective agreements between employers and employees, the agreements stipulating ordinarily that not more than a specified proportion of workpeople under a certain age shall be em- ployed, and it is usually further provided that such young persons shall serve as regular apprentices for a specified number of years before they shall be considered as journeymen. This restriction of apprenticeship is more common where the time-rate of payment is in effect than where the basis of payment is by piece-rates. 6. Closed Shop. Only in those occupations and localities in which the workmen are well organized will there ordinarily be found " closed shops," that is, shops in which only organized workmen are employed. The inclusion in an agreement of a clause providing that only union men shall be employed implies a strong organization of employees in that locality, and the agreement itself, while actually signed by the employer, is frequently signed by him with some constraint, and to that extent it is not in the true sense of the word a voluntary agreement, although for purposes of this report it has been so considered. 7. Union Label. Frequently manufacturers enter into agreements with the em- ployees providing for the payment of union rates of wages and for the observance of other union conditions of employment in return for the privilege of using on their product the union label of the organi- zation with which their employees are connected. Thus many of the boot and shoe manufacturers in Massachusetts have signed agree- ments with {heir employees and in return have been furnished with a union stamp which may be used on the product of their establish- ments during a period specified in the agreement, on condition that the provisions of the agreement are strictly observed. The stamp is the property of the union and may be withdrawn should the em- ployer violate any of the provisions of the agreement. Likewise the garment workers' union has two labels, one to be used on ready- made clothing, the other on special order clothing, which labels are furnished by the local unions of garment workers to employers who agree to pay certain rates of wages and to observe certain union con- Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 133 ditions in their establishments.^ Another important instance of the union label is that of the cigarmakers' union which the manufac- turers are entitled to. use on their products conditioned upon the pay- ment of designated piece-price rates and their observance of certain rules designated by the organizations. The bakers' unions also issue labels usually sold at a minimum charge to employers who have signed an agreement providing for the exclusive employment of members of their organization and for the observance of certain imion rules in their establishments, and it is provided that each loaf of bread shall bear the union label before leaving the shop. Eurther, on payment of a prescribed fee the employer may enjoy the privilege of adding an advertisement to accompany the label, calling attention not only to the fact that this product bears the label, but also including, if he so desires, other statements with reference to the product. The labels of the typographical union and of other unions in the printing trades and the allied printing trades council label will be discussed later in this report (see under Printing Trades, pages 141 to 146). In the nature of labels may be mentioned also the shop cards issued by the organizations of barbers, bartenders, meat cutters, and others, to be displayed in the establishments in which they work as an indica- tion to the public that the employer has agreed to observe certain union conditions of employment desired by the members of these respective organizations. It is the practice of some unions to issue to members a certificate, card, or button indicating that the bearer is a member in good and regular standing of the union mentioned thereon. In certain agi-ee- ments with employers it is provided that the employees may be asked to show to an authorized representative of the union such certificate, card, or button as evidence that the employees are members of the union in good standing. The union button worn by union members (as for example by the bartenders, teamsters, street railway em- ployees, and others) is also an indication to the public that such em- ployees are union men. These evidences of membership are not, how- ever, in any sense collective agreements with employers, although the privilege of exhibiting them while on duty may be expressed or im- plied in agreements with employers. * The presence of the garment workers* label on goods is also an indication that such goods were not produced by contract labor. Likewise the stamp of the Broom and Whisk Makers Union indicates that the product was not manufactured by contract labor. 134 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [F. D. 15. 8. Sanitary Conditio^ms. Within recent years certain organizations, as for example the bakers and more recently still the garment workers, have added to their agreements provisions relating to sanitary conditions in the establishments in which they work. Thus one of the conditions upon which the label of the Bakery and Confectionery Workers' Interna- tional Union is granted to the proprietors of bakeries is that the shops shall be kept sanitary and clean. This regulation of sanitary conditions in establishments through the instrumentality of the em- ployees themselves has perhaps been carried to the furthest extent by the garment workers in Sew York City. With reference to the system adopted we may quote the following paragraph : The settlement of the great strike of the New York Garment Workers in 1910 and the relations between employers and employees thereby estab- lished constitute one of the most hopeful chapters in American industriai history. An important trade, involving nearly 1,500 separate concerns, employing about 60,000 operatives, was paralyzed by industrial war. Patient, open-minded, intelligent consideration of the conditiotis of the trade by representatives of capital and labor in joint conference, led, not merely to the resumption of business, but to securing industrial peace. This happy result was obtained not by " splitting " differences, but by constructive measures designed to remove grievances. Neither party compromised a principle nor conceded an unjust demand. Both parties recognized that means and methods for improving the difficult relation of employer and employee were proper subjects for study, for invention, and for experiment. Courageously they adopted new devices, the " Preferential Union Shop," and a " Joint Board of Sanitary Control." They developed an effective system for investigating and adjusting grievances; and by sjrmpathetic painstaking, and able consideration of the practical difficulties arising from day to day in the introduction of a new system, the large-minded represent- atives of employers and employees overcame adverse conditions and achieved success in an incredibly short time.' In order to establish standards of sanitation the Joint Board of Sanitary Control provides for the study and investigation of shop conditions in the trade, and having determined upon a standard the Board endeavors to secure an improvement in the sanitary condition in those shops which are not up to the standard established by the Board. Where the sanitary standards are conformed to, sanitary « See First Annual Report of the Joint Board of Sanitary Control in the Cloak, Suit, and Skirt Indus- try of Greater New York, October, 1911, "Foreword" by Louis D. Brandeis. Part III.] COLLECTRT AGREEMENTS. 135 certificates are granted to the proprietors in recognition of their willingness to comply with the recommendations of the Board. The sanitary certificate reads as follows : No SANITARY CERTIFICATE of the JOINT BOARD OF SANITARY CONTROL in the CLOAKt StFIT & SKIRT INDUSTRY OF NEW YORK (Under the Protocol of September 2, 1910) This 13 to certify that the shop of Located at Floor Borough of hag been inspected and found to conform with the SANITARY STANDARDS OF THIS BOARD This certificate is good only for six months from date of issue and is reTocable by the Board for cause. (Seal) 2fotable success has been achieved in improving the sanitary con- ditions of employment in this industry, and it is believed that follow- ing the methods adopted in the cloak and suit industry in New York City leaders in kindred industries will find it possible to establish more healthful conditions in the several establishments and a more peaceful relationship between employers and employees.^ Certain other provisions in the nature of sanitary regulation through agreement may be mentioned. The local agreements of the pants makers union sometimes provide that workshops shall be sani- tary and that the machines used by operators and pressmen shall be run by mechanical power. The local agreements negotiated by the granite cutters frequently provide : That suction or blower machines for carrying off stone dust shall be installed; that hand surfacing machines weighing not over seven pounds shall be used, and then only when plenty of water is used to keep doviru the dust; that surfacing sheds shall be so situated that as little dust as possible may reach the workmen; that granite saws shall not be used in the compartments • Following a strike of fur workers in New York City (the largest fur manufacturing city in the world) which was terminated September 8, 1912, an agreement was entered into providing for the regu- lation of wages, hours of labor, and overtime, and a Joint Board of Sanitary Control was established similar to that in the garment trades. 136 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. where cutters are working; that suitable sheds shall be provided for cutters for shelter from sun, rain, or snow. In their agreements with navigation companies, marine cooks and seamen have inserted clauses providing that their living quarters on board ship, usually the fore- castle, shall be kept sanitary and clean. 9. Method of Renewal. An important provision in many of the agreements looking toward a continuation of the agreement beyond the time stated in the existing agreement where a definite date of termination is given is that speci- fying the method of renewal. Thus provision is often made that shortly prior to the termination of the agreements, as in the case of agreements negotiated by the International Typographical Union, a joint committee representing employers and employees shall be appointed to confer together with reference to the terms of a new agreement to become effective on the expiration of the agreement soon to expire. In other cases it is provided that an existing agreement shall remain in effect indefinitely unless one party thereto desires to terminate the agreement, in which case a prior notice usually of 30, 60, or 90 days is given. Similar provision is also made for the renewal of the same agreement without change or with modifications in certain particulars. Not infrequently it is provided that an agreement may continue in effect from year to year, subject to modification only on specified dates. In other cases an agreement is signed covering for a definite period the more important points which might be subject to contro- versy, and provision is made for the consideration of minor points from time to time either directly by the two parties concerned or by some board or committee of arbitration to whom, by the terms of the agreement, the matter shall be referred, 10. Othee Subjects. Occasionally provisions are included in agreements providing for the number of men to be employed on a particular line of work or providing for specified classes of workpeople to be employed in the carrying out of a definite piece of work ; thus it is sometimes specified that a certain number of people shall be employed in the operation of a particular machine. Provisions are also added in some instances Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 137 providing for the distribution of work in slack times, as in the tailor- ing trade where, owing to seasonal fluctuations in the industry, a large number would be unemployed for long periods of time were it not provided that the available supply of work should be divided fairly among aU employees so that none would be entirely \7ith0ut work. In stiU other cases, particularly where there is an overlapping in the jurisdiction of several unions, the agreement between one organization and the employers of its members may provide for careful specification as to the class of work upon which the members shall be employed, thereby avoiding the possibility of an employer being affected by a disagreement between two organizations claiming jurisdiction over the same line of work. There are indeed other provisions not described in any of the classes above emmierated which appear in some agreements, but the above classification includes practically all of the more common provisions. 138 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. III. NATIONAL AND DISTRICT SYSTEMS OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN THE UNITED STATES.^ 1. Inteodtjctoet. Of the various kinds of agreements, those of most advanced type are the agreements between national or international unions and asso- ciations of employers, — such agreements covering an entire industry and being either national in scope or covering a large district. According to the report of the United States Industrial Commis- sion ^ published in 1902, there were in force in that year national and general systems of collective bargaining in the following indus- tries and trades: Coal mining industry; iron, steel, and tin indus- tries; stove foundry trade; foundry trade; machinist and allied trades ; glass trades ; printing trades ; longshoremen's trade ; and pot- tery trade ; while local collective bargaining was more or less preva- lent in trades or occupations represented by : Bricklayers, carpenters, plumbers, and workers in allied trades, employees in minor building trades, railroad employees, bakers and confectioners, blacksmiths, boot and shoe workers, brewery workers, butchers and meat cutters, clothing workers and tailors, electrical workers, hatters, hotel em- ployees and bartenders, leather workers, metal polishers, buffers, and platers, stationary firemen, stage employees, stove mounters, textile workers, street railway employees, tobacco and cigar workers, wood- workers, wood carvers, box makers, and coopers. No attempt will be made in this report to present a historical re- view of the various systems of collective agreements discussed in the report of the Industrial Commission nor of the systems since estab- lished.' In this section of the report we shall discuss briefly those National and District Systems which are actually in effect to any considerable degree in the United States- at the present time in order ^ For a recent discussion of this subject see article having same title appearing in the Quarterly Jour- nal of Economics (Vol. XXVI, No. 3, May, 1912; pp. 426 to 443), by Professor George E. Barnett of Johns Hopkins University. A brief review of this article with certain extracts therefrom appears as Appendix 1 on page 297 to 299 of this report. ' Reports of the United States Industrial Commission, Volume 17, Part III, on " Collective Bargaining, Conciliation and Arbitration. " Chapter I treats of National and General Trade Systems in the United States (pp. 325 to 374) and Chapter II treats of Local Collective Bargaining; Agreements and Arbitration, pp. 374-422. ' For a list of systems established since 1897, see Appendix I, pages 297, 298. Part III.] COLLECTRT: agreements. 139 to illustrate the extent to which international lahor organizations are accustomed to actively participate in this movement to secure indus- trial harmony by agreements covering either a wide range of terri- tory or a considerable portion of the industry or occupation over which they have jurisdiction. Certain of these national or district systems of agreements (as for example that in the coal mining indus- try), while important in other sections of the country are not opera- tive to a considerable degree in Massachusetts principally owing to the fact that the indiistries or trades covered by the agreements are not largely represented in this State. The extent to which the local unions have adopted agreements with employers within their jurisdiction, without the immediate assistance of the international unions with which they are affiliated (though usually in accordance with rules established by the international and frequently set forth in the international constitution or by-laws) will be considered in Section IV of this report (see pages 160 to 175). The text of several National and District agreements and of illustra- tive examples of more important classes of local agreements appears in Section V (see pages 176 to 277). 2. Boot axd Shoe Manufactueing. (a) Boot and Shoe Workers Union. A large proportion of the organized boot and shoe workers in Massachusetts are members of the local unions afSliated with the Boot and Shoe Workers Union having its headquarters in Boston. This organization has adopted a label for use on goods manufactured in establishments where the conditions of employment are approved by the union. The use of the label stamp by manufacturers is con- ditioned upon the acceptance and observance of provisions of an agreement known as the " Boot and Shoe Workers Arbitration Agree- ment," a copy of which is presented on pages 182 to 184 of this report. The contract governing the use of the Union Stamp provides that in return for the privilege of using a stamp the employer agrees to hire only union labor and to submit all questions as to wages and condi- tions of labor to arbitration. In States where there is a State Board of Arbitration the contract regularly provides for the reference of matters, as to which there is disagreement, to the State board. In other cases the contract provides for the appointment of a local arbi- 140 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. tration board whose award, as in the case of the awards of the State board, are binding in so far as they have been previously agreed upon by the parties to the controversy. It is mutually agreed that the union will not cause or sanction any strike and that the employer will not lockout his employees while this agreement is in force. The agreement when signed specifies a period during which it shall re- main in force and provision is made that should either party desire to alter, amend, or annul the agreement it shall give a written notice thereof to the other party three months before the expiration of the agreement ; and if the parties fail to give such notice, the agreement shall continue in force for another year, and so on from year to year xmtil such notice is given. In Massachusetts ' agreements of this character have been signed by 140 ^ boot and shoe manufacturers, and in recent years there have been but very few, if any, actual cessa- tions of work in this State, sanctioned by the National Union, in ■ which the members of the Boot and Shoe Workers' Union were in- volved.* In negotiating a change in prices or working conditions under the arbitration agreement it is customary for the local organization to consult a representative of the international body in Boston who con- fers with the manufacturer, and in numerous instances adjustments are made without the necessity of referring any points in controversy to the State board or to a local board of arbitration. The local unions, to the fullest extent, reserve to themselves local autonomy under the constitution of the Boot and Shoe Workers' Union. The National union encourages the making of local wage agreements and advises the locals to make their agreements with a view to uniformity where the conditions of labor are similar, the aim being to avoid the introduction of wage-scales in one place which would be unfavorable to the employees in competing factories. In all cases the National union guarantees faithful compliance with the terms of any local agreement as to wages and conditions of labor. The Boot and Shoe Workers' arbitration contract is advantageous to the manufacturer in that it insures him against a strike and enables him to accept an order with confidence, knowing that he may reason- ably be sure of delivering the order on the date agreed upon. The 1 For a list of awards by the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration in 191 1 , see their report for that year. ' This information was compiled from the Shoe Workers' Journal of November, 1912. ' See Annual Reports on Strikes and Lockouts published by this Bureau. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 141 operatives, as a result of such agreements with their employers, enjoy steadier employment and are reasonably confident that for a definite period specified in the agreement no lockout will occur in the estab- lishments in which they are employed. (b) Other Unions of Shoe Workers. In addition to the Eoot and Shoe Workers' Union, there are two other organizations of boot and shoe workers which have afiiliated locals in Massachusetts ; these are the TJnited Shoe Workers of Amer- ica, with headquarters in Lynn, Massachusetts, and the Shoe Work- ers' Protective Union, with headquarters in Haverhill, Massachu- setts. There are also in this State several local " Assemblies " of boot and shoe workers afiiliated with the Knights of Labor and five " independent " local unions, i.e., locals unaffiliated with any national or international union. Many of these local unions have some form of local agreement ^Adth employers, principally in the nature of price lists. Some of the agreements contain provisions for arbitration, and in a few cases provide specifically for arbitration by the State Board. 3. PsiNTiNG Trades. (a) International Typographical Union. In 1900, after years of conflict, the American I^ewspaper Pub- lishers' Association and the International Typographical Union of the United States and Canada formulated an agreement which was to last for one year and which provided for the arbitration of dis- putes. This agreement has been modified and renewed from time to time, it now being the practice to formulate an agreement covering a period of five years. The text of the new agreement, adopted in Jan- uary, 1912, and which became effective April 30th follovsdng, appears on pages 202 to 205. It has been well described ^ as follows : The agreement provides for the arbitration of aU questions relating to wages and hours, working conditions, and disputes arising under contracts. It also provides for local boards of arbitration, with an appeal to a national board of arbitration. The membership of the local boards is placed at five, con- sisting of two representatives of the local union, two representatives of the publishers' association, and in case they are unable to agree, another to be selected by the president of the International Typog^raphical Union and the ^ See article entitled "Tlie National Civic Federation and Industrial Peace" by Mr. Seth Low, New York, in the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, November, 1912, page 13. 142 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. chairman of the special committee of the American Newspaper Publishers' Association. As thus constituted, the full board hears the case. At the conclusion of its presentation, the four original members go into executive session, and endeavor to reach an agreement. In case they fail, the chairman casts the deciding vote. An appeal lies to the national board of arbitration which is equally divided in numbers. This equal division of the national arbitration board, while not without some embarrassments, is believed by the trade to give better results, on the whole, than a decision by an odd arbi- trator who, from the nature of the ease, can be only imperfectly informed on many of the questions to be decided. In many localities agreements are entered into covering the book and job branches of the trade, these agreements being negotiated by allied printing trades councils, each representing two or more local unions in the printing trades. The formation of these allied printing trades councils is provided for in what may be called an " Inter-union Agreement " between the International Typographical Union, the International Printing Pressmen and Assistants' Union, the International Brotherhood of Bookbinders, the International Stereotypers and Electrotypers' Union, and the International Photo- Engravers' Union. This agreement provides for the formation of an association known as the International Allied Trades Association, composed of aU members in good standing of these five international unions. The affairs of this association are conducted by a board of governors, which board meets and considers questions of mutual interest to the several internationals represented therein and estab- lishes rules for the guidance of the allied printing trades councils in the various localities. The agreement between these several interna- tional unions provides also for the issuance of allied printing trades labels, which are furnished to the local councils, who in turn are permitted to grant the use of such labels in those establishments where union conditions are observed. As a result of this agreement ■ between the several international unions they act harmoniously in seeking to regulate the conditions of employment in the several local- ities and, indeed, throughout the country. In addition to the allied printing trades council's label referred to above, the Typographical Union has a distinctive label, known as the " Typographical Union Label," for use in localities where there is no allied printing trades council. The stamps by which the label is imprinted are issued in convenient sizes to subordinate unions and Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 143 are in turn granted by the subordinate locals to local employers who have signed a. label contract providing for the observance of union conditions in their offices. With reference to " Arbitration and Contracts " the general laws of the International Typographical Union contain the following sec- tions: Sec. 163. When disputes arise between subordinate unions, or subordinate unions and employers, which cannot be adjusted after conference between the parties at issue, the matter may be settled by arbitration. Sec. 164. No local union shall sign a contract guaranteeing its members to work for any proprietor, firm or corporation, unless such contract is in accordance with International law and approved by the International Presi- dent. No member holding active membership in any local union shall sign an individual or private contract with any employer, agreeing to work for any stated length of time, wages or conditions. The union alone has the power to contract for conditions, wages and hours. Sec. 165. It is imperatively ordered that the executive officers of the International Typographical Union shall not submit any of its laws to arbi- tration. Sec 166. Subordinate unions, in making contracts or wage agreements, shall insert a clause therein reserving to their members the right to refuse to execute all struck work received from or destined for unfair employers or publications. Sec. 167. No local union shaU sign a scale of wages with an overtime clause calling for overtime on any certain day at a rate less than that paid for overtime on all other days. (&) International Printing Pressmen and Assistants' Union. This union, which was formerly a part of the Typographical Union, entered into an " arbitration agreement " in 1901 with the American ]!fewspaper Publishers' Association and in 1902 with the United Typothetse of America, the latter agreement having been terminated in 1907. Until 1912 ^ the agreement with the American Ifewspaper Publishers' Association was regularly renewed, the last renewal having been in 1907, for a period of five years, ending May 30, 1912. Although the Printing Pressmen's Union no longer has an agree- ment with an employers' association, it does, nevertheless, encourage * By referendum vote early in 1912 the members of this International Union declined to renew the agreement with the American Newspaper Publishers' Association. (See The American Pressman, May, 1912, pages 247 and 248.) 144 STATISTICS OP^ LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. the formation of agreements with employers by subordinate locals and by the allied printing trades councils in which it is often rep- resented in the several localities. Thus the constitution of this Inter- national provides in article 15, section I, relative to " Contracts or Agreements," that No subordinate union or member thereof, or any other person, shall enter into negotiations in the name of the International Union for the purpose of making any contract or agreement with any organization, corporation, flrm, or individual, which will in any manner affect the interests of the bodies deriving their charter from the International Union or the interest of any person aflflliated with same, without first having received the sanction of a majority of the Board of Directors to do so. Any union or member thereof violating the provisions of this Article of the Constitution shall be disci- plined by either fine, suspension, or expulsion at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Further sections provide for the method of negotiating agreements by subordinate unions and for submitting copies of such agreements to the Board of Directors for approval. All local contracts shall be made for a period not exceeding three years and must expire on the first Tuesday in the month of September, and where there are two or more subordinate unions in any locality in the book and job branch of the business, no local contract shall be made with employers unless all said subordinate unions join therein. It is also provided that any contract or agreement drawn up by the Board of Directors and bind- ing upon the members of the International Union for one year or more must be submitted to the referendum vote of the subordinate locals. The International Union has also established the form of an " Ar- bitration Agreement " between the Printers' League of America and the International Union and a " Local Form of Agreement " be- tween branches of the Printers' League and local unions subordinate to the International Union. As the membership of the Printers' League is as yet largely confined to ISTew York State, the text of these forms of agreement has not been included in this report. (c) International Photo-Engravers' Union of North America. In 1905 this union entered into an " Arbitration Agreement " with the American Newspaper Publishers' Association. This agreement, with certain minor modifications, has been regularly renewed and Part III.] COLLECTWE AGREEMENTS. 145 on May 1, 1912, was renewed for a further period of five years. Ex- cept for a substitution of names, it is in form and wording practically identical with the " Arbitration Agreement " between the American Newspaper Publishers' Association and the Typographical Union, the text of which agreement appears on pages 202 to 205. The Photo-Engravers' Union also provides in article 17 of its constitution for the signing of contracts and agreements by subor- dinate unions with employers. The wording of section one, with the exception of change of name of the organization, is similar to the wording of the section above quoted from the constitution of the International Printing Pressmen and Assistants' Union, and in cer- tain other respects the provisions governing the signing of agreements of subordinate unions are similar. (d) International Stereotypers and Electrotypers Union. In 1901 this union entered into an " Arbitration Agreement " with the American Newspaper Publishers' Association. This agreement, with certain minor modifications, has been regularly renewed and on May 1, 1912, was renewed for a further period of five years. Except for a substitution of names, it is in form and wording practically identical with the " Arbitration Agreement " between the American Newspaper Publishers' Association and the Typographical Union, the text of which agreement appears on pages 202 to 205. The following sections of article 24 of the constitution of this union have reference to local arbitration contracts and scales of wages : Section 1. When disputes arise between subordinate unions, or subordi- nate unions and employers, which can not be adjusted after conference be- tween the parties at issue, the matter may be settled by arbitration. Section 2. No local union shall sign a contract guaranteeing its members to work for any proprietor, firm, or corporation, unless such contract is in accordance with international law and approved by the international pres- ident. Section 5. No local union shall enter into negotiations pertaining to the establishment of new wage scales or the rectifying of unsatisfactory condi- tions without apprising the executive oflScers regarding the nature of the demands and the contemplated method of procedure for the procuring of those demands, and no agreement shall be considered binding upon a local if same does not bear international endorsement in written form duly signed by the proper international officers. 146 STATISTICS OF LABOR— 1911. [P. D. 15. (e) International Brotherhood of Bookbinders. This Brotherhood has no national agreement with employers sim- ilar to that between the International Typographical Union and the American Newspaper Publishers' Association, but it is a party to the inter-union agreement entered into with the four other interna- tional unions in the printing trades and through the local allied printing trades councils seeks to secure signed label contracts with local employers. Article X of the Constitution of the Brotherhood contains the fol- lowing clause: The International Brotherhood, recognizing strikes as detrimental to the best interests of the craft, recommends local unions not to order a strike until every possible effort has been made to settle the difficulty. With reference to contracts it is provided in a clause, article X, section 8, that No local union sKall sign a contract guaranteeing its members to work for a proprietor, firm or corporation unless such contract is in accordance with this Constitution, and is approved by the international president. (/) Lithographers' International Protective and Beneficial The constitution of the Lithographers' Union formerly contained a provision relating to arbitration, but it has been stricken out; nevertheless, the union encourages the reference to arbitration of matters in dispute between its affiliated local unions and employers. With reference to " Agreements and Contracts " the constitution of the association contains, in article VIII, the following section: Section 1. The general executive board have the power to draw up sigree- ments, subject to the referendum of the associations at large. Subordinate associations may enter into local contracts or agreements with individual firms by consent of the general executive board. Where there is a national agreement entered into by the G. A.' or a local agreement entered into by the S. A." with an independent firm, the form of agreement then in force shall be adhered to. 1 Signifiea " General Association. 2 Signifies " Subordinate Associations." Part III] COLLECTR'E AGREEMENTS. 147 i. Eatleoad Emplotees. (a) Steam Railroad Employees. There are a dozen or more organizations of steam railroad em- ployees in the United States, of whicli those embracing the more skilled employees, such as the locomotive engineers, locomotive fire- men, conductors, trainmen, and telegraphers, are strongly organ- ized and exercise considerable influence in determining wage and other conditions of employment in their respective branches of rail- road service. While there is usually no arrangement for regular con- ferences between the railroad managers and the employees with a definite representation from both sides, nevertheless, on most of the raihroad systems frequent conferences are held between the railroad officials and the oflBcers of the organizations of employees or with representatives of employees on the several railroad systems, at which conferences the general conditions of labor are usually determined, and in many instances even minor disputes are settled. The officers of the organizations of employees, in addition to their frequent con- ferences with the raUroad officials, exercise further influence in regu- latiag the conditions of labor through the mediimi of adjustment committees which represent organizations of employees on the sev- eral systems. The formation of such committees and their general plan of procedure in their negotiations with the officials on the several railroad systems is usually prescribed in the constitution or by-laws of the national organizations of employees. The descriptive matter in the following paragraph, taken from the report ^ of the United States Industrial Commission, although that report was printed in 1901, holds true at the present time and may very properly be quoted in this connection: The constitations of the railway brotherhoods have rather elaborate pro- risions regarding the methods of negotiation with employers. These rules are quite similar ia the ease of all the brotherhoods and orders, thoagb the systems among the weaker brotherhoods are somewhat less elaborate than those provided by the organizations of engineers, conductors, firemen, and train- men. In general, with some modifications in details, the system is as follows : Each local lodge or division of a brotherhood has a local grievance committee of three or more members. Tor each railway Une a general committee or ^ Report of the Industrial Cociinissioa, 1901, Volume 17, Chapter II, Section V, pages 401-402. 148 STATISTICS OF LABOR -1911. [P. D. 15. general board of adjustment is established, composed of one or more delegates from each local division on the line. In the case of great composite systems of raUways, some of the brotherhoods provide also for a still higher com- mittee of adjustment, composed of the chairmen of each of the committees on the separate lines or branches of the system. These chairmen of general committees of adjustment are in many instances salaried ofiBcers, devoting their whole time to the interests of the members employed on the railway. It is their duty, in conjunction with local committees, to adjust, if possible, all differences of a local character that may arise. Failing to reach a settlement in this way a meeting of the general committee of adjustment is called and it proceeds to negotiate with the 'higher oflacers of the railway companies. The action of such a general committee of adjustment is binding upon all members employed upon the railway line (unless reversed, in the case of some of the organizations, by referendum vote of the members so employed). On occasion of special need the national officers of the brotherhood are called in to nego- tiate with employers. The general conditions of labor are usually determined from time to time by conferences between these general committees of adjust- ment and the officers of the railway company, or in the ease of the more extensive systems, between the higher committees above refeiTed to and the officers of the system. It is the custom of the managers of .the more important steam rail- road systems in the United States to issue from time to time " Rules and Rates of Pay," applicable to employees in the several branches of service. These printed rules, specifying rates of pay, hours of labor, and other conditions of employment, virtually constitute written agreements between the companies and their employees, al- though in many instances they are not actually signed by representa- tives of the employees. The terms of these printed rules apply to both organized and unorganized employees, but it is largely through the efforts of the union representatives that the more favorable terms are incorporated therein, and usually after conferences between the railroad officials and committees of adjustment representing a group of local organizations of employees on the several railroad systems. In its report on " Prevailing Time-Rates of Wages and Hours of Labor " for 1910 ^ this Bureau presented a digest of wage-scales then in effect on the three principal railroad systems in Massachusetts, and in its report on " Changes in Rates of Wages and Hours of Labor " in 1910 ^ this Bureau published a detailed description of the standard wage scale adopted on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1 Part I of the Forty-First Annual Report on the Statistics of Labor, pages 52 to 61. ' Labor Bulletin No. 86 (December, 1911), pages 19 to 28. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 149 accordance with the award of an arbitration board to which had been referred a controversy relative to wages between that railroad and the Eastern Association of General Committees representing con- ductors and trainmen on railroads east of Chicago and north of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad. The rates of wages specified in the award of the arbitrators in the case of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad were also adopted by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad and later by the Boston and Maine Railroad, and similar schedules were later adopted by the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad (being appli- cable to the Boston and Albany Railroad, which is leased by the New York Central) and by other eastern railroad systems. These wage scales, with the exception of minor adjustments, are in effect at the present time.-^ No attempt will be made in this report to cover the wide range of wage-scales and rules which have been adopted on the various railroad systems in this country.^ The information already published in the reports above referred to is illustrative of the method of negotiation between the railroad officials and the employees on the several sys- tems. In the present report the Bureau reprints as illustrative ex- amples the text in full of the " Rules and Rates of Pay Applicable to Men in Train and Yard Service " on the Boston and Maine Rail- road (see pages 210 to 228) and the " Rules Governing the Employ- ment of Signalmen " on the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (see pages 269 to 272). A Federal law providing for " Mediation and Arbitration of Controversies Between Carriers Engaged in Interstate Commerce and Their Employees " ^ and commonly known as the " Erdman Act," was passed on June 1, 1898, but with the exception of one unsuccessful attempt to arbitrate a dispute in 1899, it was prac- tically inoperative until December, 1906, when a controversy involv- ing the locomotive firemen on the Southern Pacific Railroad was referred to the mediators designated in the Act. Although a strike > December, 1912. See statement on page 151, post, relative to changes in wages of locomotive engineetB; also note at foot of page 124, ante, * Copies of many of these wage-scales and rules may be found in the report of the New York State Bureau of Mediation and Arbitration for 1910, pages 577-1149. ' For a description of this Act and of its operation, see article entitled, " Mediation and Arbitration of Railway Labor Disputes in the United States" by Charles P. Neill, Commissioner of Labor, in Bulle- tin of the United States Bureau of Labor No. 98 (January, 1912). 150 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. actually began on the day following that on which the application for mediation was made, the matter was speedily adjusted through submission of the question in dispute to a board of arbitration ap- pointed in accordance with the provisions of the Act. " During the past five years the provisions of the law have been invoked in nearly 60 different controversies " and " there has been only one period as long as three months during which the mediators have not been called upon to act in some pending controversy." ^ The provisions of this Act apply only to controversies involving " persons actually engaged in any capacity in train operation or train service," i.e., to engineers, firemen, conductors, traimnen, switch-- men, and telegraphers, consequently the scope of the Act is somewhat limited. Eurthermore the controversies which are formally brought to the attention of the mediators form but a small fraction of the great number of controversies which arise each year between the various railroads and their employees, because many of them are settled directly by the officials of the individual railroads and the immediate representatives of their employees, without even the inter- vention of the national union officials. In fact, it is only upon the failure of the railroad officials and the officials of the national organ- ization to reach an agreement that the mediators under the Erdman Act are requested to exercise their good offices in bringing about an amicable adjustment of the controversy, and usually such request is made only after a strike has been voted by the employees con- cerned. Although the mediators have no authority to act upon their own initiative in the settlement of any dispute, in several instances their proffered services have been accepted. With reference to the awards by arbitration boards appointed under the Act, Commissioner Neill remarks ^ : In no case has there been a repudiation by either side of the award of an arbitration board. In some instances, as is inevitable, there have been differ- ent interpretations placed on certain sections of the award and there has been consequent friction in some of these instances, but the awards as a whole, it can be said, have been acceptable and lived up to by both sides. As an illustration of the operation of the Erdman Act may be cited the recent arbitration of a controversy arising from a formal demand ' See report referred to in footnote 3 on the preceding page. ' Same Report, page 3. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 151 by the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers upon the 62 railroads of the so-called Eastern District not only for an increase in wages because of the higher cost of living, but for a standardization of wages in the nature of a uniform rate upon all railroads involved in the dispute, and for certain regulations regarding the operation of deetric locomotives and long distance trolley lines owned and oper- ated by tiiese railroads. These demands were refused by the railroads, with the result that, after a long period of fruitless nego- tiaitions, a widespread strike was threatened. The mediators imder the Erdman Act urged an amicable settlement and arranged for a conference which resulted in an agreement between the railroad offi- cials and the engineers to submit their differences to a Board of Arbitration appointed by the Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court, the United States Commissioner of Labor, and the presiding Judge of the United States Commerce Court, and consist- ing of Charles K. Van Hise, President of the University of Wiscon- sin, Chairman ; Oscar S. Straus, former Secretary of the Department of Commerce and Labor; Albert Shaw, Editor of the Eeview of I Eeviews; Frederick IS. Judson of the St. Louis Bar; Otto M. Eid- litz, former President of the Building Trades Association, N"ew York; Daniel Willard, President of the Baltimore and Ohio Eail- i road ; and P. H. Morrissey, former Grand Master of the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen. This Board which began, in July, 1912, to consider the evidence presented and to hold hearings, made public its award in November, 1912. The award is retroactive, having taken effect on May 1, 1912, and covers a period of one year. It provides for appreciable advances in wages, though considerably less than those demanded by the engineers, and for a minimum wage throughout the entire Eastern District covered by the 52 railroads. All existing wages higher than the minima established by the Board are continued in force. The Board recommended the creation of Federal and State Wage Commissions to regulate wage conditions of employees on public utilities, from which recommendation Mr. Morrissey dissented on the ground that the creation of such commis- sions would in effect be the establishment of a system of compulsory arbitration. This award of the Board, of which the above are the more important provisions, has been accepted both by the railroads, and the locomotive engineers and will remain in effect until May 1, 152 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. 1913. It established the terms of settlement of one of the most im- portant labor disputes in America submitted to arbitration since the anthracite coal strike in 1902. (h) Street and Electric Railway Employees. The employees on the street and electric railways in the United States, where organized, are members of a single association known as the Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Employees of America. This association in negotiating with the various street railway systems or lines follows much the same methods as do the various brotherhoods of steam railroad employees. Thus it is provided in the Constitution of the association that when- ever a difficulty arises between the members of the associations and employers regarding wages, hours of labor, or any other ques- tion that may result in a strike or lockout, a committee from the local division shall seek through conferences with the company to adjust the matter satisfactorily. Where a direct settlement is not possible, the international president or a representative of the gen- eral executive board is directed to proceed to the scene of dispute in person or by deputy, and in conjunction with the local committee tc make a careful investigation and endeavor to reach a settlement with the company. It is further provided that before a strike shall be endorsed by the association, the company shall be requested to submit the dispute to arbitration. The form of agreement between a local association and a local company is usually the same in the several localities and ordinarily bears the signature not only of the duly authorized representatives of the company and of the local division, but also that of the international president or of some other international officer authorized to sign the agreement in behalf of the association. Thus the first article of the agreement specifies that the agreement has been entered into by the company, the Amalgamated Association, and the division or several divisions thereof to which the agreement applies. An illustrative example of the form of agree- ment, that between the Bay State Street Railway Company and the Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Employees, appears on pages 272 to 277. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 153 5. Building Teades. (a) Bricklayers and Masons. The constitution of the Bricklayers and Masons' International Union of North America provides in section 6 that ... all subordinate unions under its jurisdiction must embody in their con- stitution or by-laws a general law providing for a form of agreement with employers and the establishment of a Joint Committee of Arbitration, for the purpose of establishing a means whereby all questions in dispute between themselves and employers can be peaceably settled. The form and nature of such agreement shall govern such matters of in- terest as are most likely to form subjects of dispute, such as the regulation of the rate of wages per hour for general work, the rate per hour for extra or overtime, specifjdng the rate and hours for such, the rate for holidays, and specifying the same, the number of hours worked per day, the govern- ment and regulation of apprentices, and such other questions or rules as may be of joint benefit to employers and employees represented by such agree- ment. Such agreement shall remain in effect and force for one year from date agreed upon, or until changed by subsequent agreement. . . . The section further provides for the reference of certain specified matters to the joint committee of arbitration, for the method of ap- pointment of the members of the committee, and that pending the adjustment of any differences that shall be referred to the com- mittee, there shall be no stoppage of work. This system of annual agreements between the subordinate locals and local employers has been quite generally introduced and has proven very beneficial in promoting industrial harmony in the trade. As a result of the rules laid down in the international constitution relative to the form and nature of the agreements there has resulted a large degree of uniformity in the rates of wages and other condi- tions of employment within the several localities. In addition to the agreements between the subordinate unions and associations of employers or individual employers, the international union has, within recent years, endeavored to negotiate directly with the more important employers or associations throughout the country an international agreement designed to prevent strikes and to pro- mote harmony throughout the trade and including a clause providing that there shall be no strike pending the investigation of a dispute and that all peaceable means shall be taken to bring about a settle- ment. A copy of this agreement appears on pages 191 to 192. 154 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15, (&) Other Building Trades. In the building trades other than the bricklaying trade already con- sidered, there is virtually no system of agreements on a national scale or covering a large section of the country. These other trades to which reference is here made include the foUoviring employees: Carpenters; electrical workers; steam engineers; wood, wire, and metal lathers ; painters, decorators, and paperhangers ; plumbers, gas- fitters, steamfitters, and helpers; roofers; sheet metal workers; hod carriers and building laborers ; pavers ; and certain other minor occu- pations. It is true that the constitutions or by-laws of most of the national organizations representing employees in these several trades prescribe the conditions under which local agreements may be entered into by local organizations with employers, and in certain cases pre- scribe the procedure in negotiation of such agreements by local unions or local councils, nevertheless the participation of the international officers of the several organizations usually consists of hardly more than their approval or rejection of the provisions of a particular local agreement under consideration. !N"otwithstanding the fact that the agreements in these trades are usually limited to a locality of small area some of them are, never- theless, of considerable importance as, for example, those in certain of the building trades in New York State, which not only designate the wage scale, hours of labor and other terms of employment to be in effect for a definite period, but also provide for the arbitration of certain controversies which arise from time to time. In Boston there was for six years prior to May 1, 1909, a most important local agreement of this kind between the Master Carpen- ters' Association and local unions affiliated with the Carpenters' Dis- trict Council. The agreement as signed on May 1, 1908, for a period of one year, called for a six months' notice by either organization which might wish to terminate it. In November, 1908, the Master Carpenters notified the Carpenters' District Council that they would not continue the agreement after its expiration on May 1, 1909, no reason for such decision being stated. During April and May, 1909, three propositions relative to wage conditions were submitted by the Carpenters' District Council to the members of its affiliated unions, and by referendum it was decided to establish a Saturday half-holi- day during the entire year, with the same rate of weekly wages for Part III] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 155 44 hours as was formerly paid for 48 hours, and the employers were notified that the council would seek to enforce this new schedule on and after June 1st, 1909. This notification, however, was in no sense an agreement, nor has there been any disposition since mani- fested to negotiate another agreement similar to that which was ter- minated. In many other localities throughout Massachusetts similar conditions exist in the building trades as in Boston. It is the usual practice of many of the local unions to send to employers a notifica- tion as to rates and other conditions which they desire to become effective on a date specified, but the actual establishment of such " union scales " or " trade rules " is determined largely by the ability of the organization to enforce them and in but few cases is an endeavor made by the unions to secure the signed acceptance of such rules by the employers who have been thus notified. Frequently, however, strikes are called where employers fail to establish the con- ditions requested. 6. FotJNDET Teade. (a) International Molders' Union of North America. One of the most effective systems of collective bargaining and arbi- tration to be found in any trade is that provided for in the " Confer- ence Agreements " between the Holders' Union and the Stove Founders' IN^ational Defense Association, the first clauses of which agreements were adopted in 1891, and to which additional clauses have been added from year to year. The agreement clauses adopted in 1891 provided for a conciliatory method of settling disputes by reference to the presidents of the two organizations, with an appeal to a conference committee composed of six members, three appointed by each organization, in case the presidents fail to agree. No in- terruption to business is permitted during the settlement of a dis- pute. In 1892 one clause added provided that " The general rate of molders' wages should be established for each year without change," and another clause adopted in the same year provided that " When the members of the Defense Association shall desire a gen- eral reduction in the rate of wages, or the Iron Molders' Union an ad- vance, they shall each give the other notice at least 30 days before the end of each year, which shall commence on the first day of April. If no such notice be given, the rate of wages current during the year shall be the rate in force for the succeeding year." No provision is 156 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. made for referring matters to which the representatives of the organ- izations cannot agree to any outside authority, it being held as an essential feature that the settlement of disputes be made locally by those who are expert in the trade and who can decide it equitably. Prior to the adoption of the arbitration agreement in 1891, strikes in the stove foundry trade were numerous, but since that date nearly all disputes which are not settled locally are satisfactorily dis- posed of by the presidents of the two organizations or their repre- sentatives without summoning the conference committee. The sys- tem of arbitration applies not only to shops where union men are employed exclusively, but also to shops employing less than a ma- jority of union men. The full text of the Conference Agreement of 1891, and of the clauses added up to 1910, appears on pages 246 to 250, (b) Metal Polishers. In 1902 the Metal Polishers, Buffers, Platers, Brass Holders, and Brass Workers' International Union of North America entered into an agreement with the Stove Founders' I^ational Defense Associa- tion. This agreement was in many respects similar to that between the Holders' Union and the Association, in fact the provisions pro- viding for conciliation and arbitration in the Hetal Polishers' agree- ment were practically identical with similar provisions in the Hold- ers' agreement and the practice of adding clauses to the agreement from year to year was followed until the agreement was terminated in 1909. The Metal Polishers' International Union has no agree- ment with any association of employers at the present time, but it endeavors to secure agreements between individual employers and local unions, such agreements not being confined to those with stove founders. In some instances these agreements provide for the arbi- tration of disputes. 7. Papee and Pulp Making. Following a strike in 1908 of the employees of the International Paper Company, which has plants located in several States, the company declined to renew its former agreement with the Inter- national Brotherhood of Paper Makers. On the other hand, the company entered into an agreement with the International Brother- hood of Pulp, Sulphite, and Paper Hill Workers which had been formed by secession from the Brotherhood of Paper Hakers and which had been, for several years, in almost constant disagreement m: f Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 157 with the Brotherhood of Paper Makers. In 1909 the two brother- hoods entered into an inter-union agreement providing for harmony in union activity, whereupon the International Paper Company abro- gated their agreement with the Brotherhood of Pulp Makers. There then remained no agreements between the company and its employees except with the stationary firemen. On March 6, 1910, a general strike of employees in the plants of the company was begun and was not terminated until May 21, 1910, when an agreement establishing the conditions as a basis of settle- ment of the strike was signed by officers of the company and by rep- resentatives of the International Brotherhood of Paper Makers, the International Brotherhood of Pulp, Sulphite and Paper Mill Work- ers, the International Association of Machinists, the International Association of Steam Titters and Helpers, the International Steam Engineers, the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, a general organizer of the American Federation of Labor, and the Chairman of the Bureau of Mediation and Arbitration of the State of ISTew York. This agreement which had been brought about through the intervention ^ of the ISTew York State Bureau of Media- tion and Arbitration, not only effected a termination of the strike, but has made possible later negotiations between the company and its employees by the provision for a settlement of further grievances " in conference or by arbitration, when necessary." Thus, on May 14, 1912, after a conference (lasting six days) between representa- tives of the different organizations whose members are employed in the paper making industry and the representatives of the company, an agreement was reached covering a period of two years, and pro- viding for an increase in wages, payment for overtime at the rate of time-and-one-half, a minimum wage for all employees in mechanical trades, an effective apprenticeship system, and for arbitration as a final determination of all grievances.^ 8. The Coal Mining Industet. For 30 years or more prior to the great coal strike in 1900 there were agreements between the operators and miners in the anthracite coal regions of the United States, the more important agreements having provided for a sliding scale of wages based upon the selling ^ For an account of this intervention and a copy of the a^oement the reader is referred to the Report of the New York State Department of Labor, 1910, pages 474 to 480. ' See American Federation of Labor Weekly News Letter No. 60, May 25, 1912. 158 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. price of coal, but they were by no means satisfactory or effective in preventing disputes. The demand of the miners in the strike in the anthracite field in 1900 that this form of agreement be abolished was conceded. In the bituminous region attempts to reach agreement were also unsuccessful. In 1898 a joint conference between the coal miners and operators in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois was held in Chicago and the methods of negotiation established at that time have remained virtually unchanged. An interstate agreement pro- viding for periodical joint conferences of employers and employees from individual States was adopted and rules for the conduct of the conference were established. Joint State and district conferences have also been established similar to the interstate conference and the result has been more general uniformity in wage scales and working conditions in the coal mining regions. While there are still many scattered localities in which there are no conferences of this nature, it is nevertheless true that both in the anthracite and bitumi- nous coal fields there is a condition of comparative peace during the life of the general agreements which, with modifications, it has been the practice to renew from time to time. Trade agreements now exist between anthracite and bituminous coal operators and a large percentage of the coal miners in the United States. As there is little, if any, mining of coal in Massachusetts and no local union of coal miners, there are no agreements in this State covering this industry. 9. POTTEEY TeADE. The manufacture of pottery in the United States is confined to a few localities. Prior to 1900 the wage scales and other conditions of employment were determined in each locality independently of the other localities, but in that year an attempt was made to establish a uniform wage scale for the entire country and a conference was held between the representatives of the National Brotherhood of Operative Potters and the manufacturers representing practically the entire industry, at which conference a general agreement was adopted. The agreement prescribed piece-rates for many hundreds of articles, cer- tain time-rates, and included rules governing the employment of apprentices, and other provisions. In 1905 a new agreement in many respects similar to the original one was adopted and since that date it has been the practice of the United States Potters' Association and the National Brotherhood of Operative Potters in September of Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 159 each odd year to reaffirm the previous agreement in all its conditions and provisions except as modified by changes indicated in a supple- mentary agreement to remain in effect for a period of two years. Thus the supplementary agreement entered into on August 27, 1909, became effective on October 1, 1909, to remain in effect until October 1, 1911. 10. LONGSHOEEMEN. The principal contracts between the International Longshoremen's Association and the various organizations of employers are in the Great Lakes district. Formerly these agreements were important and extensive but since the termination of the agreements with the Lake Erie Dock Managers and the Lake Carriers' Association in 1908, there remain agreements in only a few branches of work over which the International Longshoremen's Association has juris- diction. The agreements now in force include those with the Lumber Carriers' Association, the Great Lakes Towing Company, the Tug and Dredge Owners' Protective Association, the Pile Drive Owners' Protective Association, and with the Lake Erie Fish Packers and Fish Tug Owners' Association. 160 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15 IV. LOCAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN EMPLOYERS AKD LABOR ORGANIZATIONS IN MASSACHUSETTS. ^ Inteoductoet. The following information relative to collective agreements in Massachusetts is based on returns submitted by officials of local labor organizations on schedules ^ which were sent out by the Bureau on December 31, 1911. In addition to the agreements which were reported by the officials of the local organizations, a number of agree- ments covering a more extended district than that coming within the jurisdiction of any single local union were also foxmd to be in exist- ence; thus, occasionally a number of local unions were parties to a single agreement negotiated by the officers of a district council or of some organization representing two or more unions in a single locality or larger district. In several cases of this nature, although the local secretary reported that his organization had no local agree- ment with employers, the members were actually working under a district or national agreement which was even more binding than any local agreement would have been. In such cases where an agree- ment was negotiated by the officers of a district council or other representative organization with which a local union was affiliated, the facts with reference to the local union have been corrected so as to signify that the union had an agreement with employers, whether a purely local agreement or not, provided the agreement as adopted by the international union covered the locality over which the local union had jurisdiction. This method of considering the prevalence of agreements made possible a tabulation in which the local union was considered the unit ; and, furthermore, as the membership of the local union had also been reported, it made possible a tabulation showing by occupations the number of organized wage-earners who were working under agreements existing in that occupation (see Table III on pages 281 and 282). The general results of the tabulation may be summarized as fol- lows : Of the 1,282 local organizations in the Commonwealth at the close of the year 1911, 1,226 answered the inquiries relative, to • Tables giving information in detail appear on pages 278 to 296. ' For a specimen of this form, see post, page 318. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 161 agreements, and of this number, 530, or 43.2 per cent, reported that they had signed agreements with one or more employers, of which number having signed agreements 259 unions reported that they had signed agreements with all firms within their jurisdiction; 103 unions reported that more than one-half of the firms within their jurisdiction had signed the agreement ; 60 unions reported that one- half or less than one-half of their firms had signed the agreement; and 108 unions failed to state the proportion of firms within their jurisdiction which had signed the agreement. In addition to the 530 unions which reported having signed agreements with employers there were 42 which reported that one or more employers had ver- bally accepted such agreements. The number of unions which defi- nitely reported that they had no agreements whatever with their employers was 654. While the facts with reference to the number of unions having agreements with employers are important, a statement showing the membership of the unions which have agreements of this character is even of greater significance; thus, out of the total number of 185,414 organized workingmen represented by the returns it was found that the membership of the unions having signed agreements with one or more employers was 105,478. It cannot, of course, be assumed that this entire number were working under an agreement of some form or other inasmuch as certain of the unions had not entered into a formal agreement with all of the employers within ♦their jurisdiction; it was found, however, that the membership of unions which had agreements with all the firms within their juris- diction was 42,398, or about 23 per cent of the entire membership reported. In addition to the number of organized workingmen hav- ing signed agreements with all firms within the jurisdiction of their union, there were 23,017 members of organizations having agree- ments with more than one-half of the firms within their jurisdic- tion; 12,695 members of organizations having signed agreements with one-half or less than one-half of the number of firms within their jurisdiction; while there were 27,368 members of organizations from which information as to the proportion of firms signing agree- ments was not obtained. In compiling statistics of this character it was impossible to ascertain, with any degree of accuracy, the number of unorganized employees who were affected by agreements which had been entered 162 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. into between organized workmen and their employers. Without question there are numerous unorganized workmen who are affected by the negotiations between organized workingmen and individual employers or associations representing them. Thus, in the several occupations of steam railroad employees, it is the practice of the several railroad systems to publish " Eules and Rates of Pay " which are applicable not only to the organized workmen but to the unor- ganized employees, no discrimination whatever being observed. ISTor is this policy of establishing wages and other conditions throughout a particular occupation uncommon ; in fact, it is generally true that scales of wages and trade rules which have become effective as a result of negotiations between organized employees and employers become applicable not only to the members of the organization but to the unorganized employees as well. In any consideration of the statistics of collective agreements it should of course be borne in mind that while many unions may not have signed agreements with employers, it does not foUow that the members of these unions are not working under conditions which have been established mainly through the efforts of the organizations. A. LOCAL AGREEMENTS: BY OCCUPATIONS. 1. Boot and Shoe Manufaottjeing. The proportion of unions of boot and shoe workers having signed agreements with employers was very large, as many as 81, out of 98 imions which reported, having had such agreements. Of these 81 * unions, 37 had signed agreements with all firms within their juris- diction, nine with more than one-half the number of firms, 14 with one-half or less, and in 21 cases the proportion was not stated. The membership of unions having signed agreements with one or more employers was 34,814, and the membership of the unions having agreements with all the firms within their jurisdiction was 14,139. Included among the 101 boot and shoe workers' organizations in the State were 65 local unions affiliated with the Boot and Shoe Work- ers' Union (an international union having its general offices in Boston). Of these 65 local unions all except nine had an agreement with one or more employers within their several jurisdictions. The form of the agreement known as an " Arbitration Agreement " is uniform for all locals and the full text of the agreement appears on pages 182 to 184. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 163 In addition to the 65 local unions in Massachusetts affiliated with the Boot and Shoe Workers' organization there were 36 other local boot and shoe workers' trade unions in the State, 31 of which were affiliated with some other organization than the Boot and Shoe Workers' Union and five of which were independent of any national organization. Of these 36 local unions not affiliated with the Boot and Shoe Workers' Union, 25 worked under some form of local agreement, but in most of these cases the agreement adopted con- tained no provision for arbitration, and in only two cases, in so far as the Bureau was able to ascertain, did these agreements provide specifically for arbitration by the State Board. 2. Peintikg Trades. Of the unions of employees in the printing trades the typograph- ical unions appear to be more disposed to enter into agreements than those in other printing trades. Thus 18 of the 20 typographical unions in the State at the close of 1911 had such agreements ynth. employers, while only six of the 13 unions of printing pressmen, three of the five unions of stereotypers and electrotypers, one of the three unions of bookbinders, one of the three unions of photo-engrav- ers, and neither of the two unions of lithographers had such agree- ments. The total membership of the 18 unions of compositors which had agreements was 2,451. Of these 18 unions, two were reported as having agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction, five with more than one-half the total number of employers, nine with less than one-half, and in two cases the proportion of employers was not stated. The agreements of individual unions in the printing trades usually cover only that particular branch of work in which the members of the respective unions are engaged. In the case of the agreements entered into by local typographical unions, a single agreement may cover not only newspaper work but also book and job printing, while in other cases the agreement may be limited to only one class of printing. Likewise the agreements entered into by unions in other printing trades are usually so devised as to cover the work in par- ticular establishments ; consequently, there is no uniform agreement presented to all employers although it is ordinarily the policy of the union to seek to establish uniform prices for the same kind of 164 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. work throughout the entire locality over which it may have juris- diction. In addition to the local agreements and the label contracts of the allied printing trades councils, certain of the International Unions in the printing trades have entered into an "Arbitration Agree- ment " with the American Newspaper Publishers' Association, which agreement has been already described in this report ^ and the text of which appears on pages 202 to 205. In those localities where there is an allied printing trades coun- cil, such council usually assists its affiliated locals in the negotiation of trade agreements.^ The Allied Printing Trades Council of Bos- ton, representing 13 affiliated local unions (including two locals in Cambridge — the Typographical Union and the Bookbinders' Union), controls the use of the label of the council within the district. The use of this label on printing is granted only to those employers who have agreed to certain union " rules " specified in the label contract, the text of which contract appears on page 1Y6. In each of six other cities (Brockton, Lawrence, Lowell, Pittsfield, Spring- field, and Worcester) there is a printing trades council which per- forms a function similar to that of the Boston Council. A movement has been started to secure the ratification, by the five international unions in the printing trades, of an inter-union agreement * whereby it would be possible to substitute in all localities the allied printing trades council label for the label of the several international unions. Already in localities where there is an allied printing trades council this use of the single label has been gener- ally brought about, but in localities where there is but one local union in the printing trades, and consequently no allied printing trades council, the individual craft label has been used. By provid- ing that, in those localities where there are not enough persons to form unions of their own craft, such persons may be admitted tem- porarily to the typographical union, and that such union shall use the allied printing trades council label, it is hoped that the individual craft labels may be entirely withdrawn, * See under " National and District Systems of Collective Bargaining/' pages 141, 142. ' For further information relative to the functions of allied printing trades councils, see under "In- ternational Typographical Union," pages 142, 143. ' For a copy of the proposed inter-union agreement see Supplement to Typographical Journal for September, 1912, page 15. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 165 3. Kailwat Seevice. (a) Steam Railroad Service. — Of the 121 local unions of em- ployees in steam railroad service whicli reported, representing an aggregate membership of 17,T07 members, 100 unions with an ag- gregate membership of 15,333 were reported as working under an agreement ^ with the railroad companies by which they were em- ployed. The membership of these unions by no means represents the entire number of employees who are affected by the agreements, for, as has already been pointed out, the rules and rates of pay on the several railroads are applicable not only to the organized em- ployees but to the unorganized as well. The membership figures here given have also a further value in that they indicate how very small is the proportion of organized employees in railroad service who do not work under some formal agreement or understanding with the respective railroad companies. An examination in detail of the several classes of employees shows that all of the organizations of conductors, locomotive engineers, locomotive firemen, railroad telegraphers, and railroad trainmen in the State were working under agreements and rules of this character, while nearly all of the organizations of each of the other classes of employees, except freight handlers and clerks, were working under such agreements or rules. (6) Street Railway Service. — As in the case of steam railroad service the formal agreement in street railway service is an impor- tant factor in the relationship between the companies and their em- ployees. At the close of 1911 out of 20 local unions of street and electric railway employees in the State representing 4,042 members, 19 unions, with an aggregate membership of 3,982, were reported ' as having signed agreements with the respective railway companies by whom their members were employed. The Constitution of the Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Employees provides, in the following clause, for the arbitration of differences between local unions and street railway companies : "If the company is willing to submit the dispute to arbi- tration, he [the International President] shall make arrangements and submit the case to arbitration, and thus adjust it." In each P- "^ T" 1 The nature of these agreements, commonly known as " Rules and Bates of Pay," has been described under "National and District Systems of Agreements," see page 148. 166 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P- !>• 15. local agreement there is accordingly included a provision for the reference, to a special board of arbitration, of those disputes which cannot be directly adjusted by the representatives of a Company and its employees, and the method of procedure of such board is further prescribed in the agreement. The form of the agreement in each case follov7S a form prescribed by the International Union, the text of which form appears on pages 272 to 277. A strike of organized employees of the Boston Elevated Railway Company, which began early in June, 1912, was investigated by the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration and in accordance with the recommendations of the Board, the Company and the union, through their representatives, entered into an arbitration agreement late in July, 1912, two of the provisions of which agreement were as follows: Third. The State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration to determine what men shall be taken back by the company and the time within which, and the rating at which, they shall be taken back, its decision to be final. Fifth. Future grievances or diiiiculties concerning wages or conditions of labor, which cannot be adjusted between the company and the organization, to be referred to the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration, or, if that is not agreeable to the company, to a board composed as follows : — one man to be selected by the organization, one by the company, and if these two can- not agree upon a third arbitrator within ten days, the third party to be chosen by the Mayor of the City of Boston. The fifth provision relative to the arbitration of grievances was, by a note added thereto, made applicable " to all employees of the Company, whether they belong to any organization of the employees of the Company or not." The number of street railway employees who may be said to be affected by agreements with employers to arbitrate differences which may arise was thus increased, in 1912, by several thousand through the addition of the employees of the Boston Elevated Company. 4. Btjilding Teades. Introductory. — There does not appear to be any pronounced dis- position on the part of unions in the building trades to enter into agreements with employers; in fact out of 338 unions in these trades which reported, only 60 reported having signed such agree- Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 167 ments, and of these 60 only 23 reported that they had signed agree- ments with all employers within their jurisdiction. The aggregate membership of the 338 unions reporting was 32,315, while the aggre- gate membership of the 60 unions which had signed agreements was only 4,830, and of the 23 unions which had signed agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction was only 1,500. The occupa- tions included within this group of trades are: (a) Bricklayers, masons, and plasterers; (b) -carpenters; (c) electrical workers; (d) engineers (hoisting and portable) ; (e) lathers (wood, wire, and metal) ; (f ) painters, decorators, and paperhangers ; (g) plumbers, steamfitters, and gasfitters ; (h) roofers ; and (i) sheet metal work- ers. These several occupations will be considered briefly in the order named. (a) Brichlayers, Masons^ and Plasterers. — In certain localities the bricklayers, masons, and plasterers are organized into a single union ; in other localities there may be a separate union of bricklayers and another of masons and plasterers, and in a few instances the plaster- ers also are separately organized. Of the 48 unions in these trades which answered the inquiries (representing an aggregate membership of 5,229), only nine, with an aggregate membership of 1,053, had signed agreements with employers. In several of the agreements provision was made for the arbitration of those controversies between employers and the union which could not be directly adjusted. Earlier in the report ^ attention has been called to the Bricklayers' International Agreement, the purpose of which is to afford an oppor- tunity for the larger contracting firms and corporations, whose opera- tions cover a vnde range of territory, to enter directly into agreement with the International Union as to matters of general policy. A copy of this agreement appears on pages 191 and 192. (&) Carpenters. — Of the 137 imions of carpenters which reported (representing an aggregate membership of 16,337), only six unions, having an aggregate membership of 360, had signed agreements with employers, and of these six unions two had such agi-eements with all employers within their jurisdiction. A copy of one of the local agreements appears on page 192. The former ^ system of collective bargaining in Massachusetts be- ' See under "National and District Systems of Collective Bargaining," p. 153, ante. fi-' t 2 See p. 154, ante. 168 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P- D- 15. tween the carpenters' district councils and a local association of build- ers or master carpenters has broken down since the Master Carpenters in Boston declined to renew their agreement with the Boston Carpen- ters' District Council in 1909, and it is the general practice at the present time for the councils to present to their affiliated unions certain propositions or wage scales for their approval by referendum vote, and where these are approved the council sends formal notice to the employers within its jurisdiction stating that on and after a certain date the union will seek to establish certain working rules and rates of pay specified in the notice. These notices and working rules, however, are not in the nature of agreements and have not been so considered in this report. (e) Electrical Workers. — Eight of the 24 unions of electrical workers in the State had agreements with employers and three of these had agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction. The total membership of the eight unions having agreements was 255, or less than one-fifth of the 1,500 organized electrical workers in the State. The agreements ordinarily included provisions relative to wages, hours of labor, and apprentices ; in three cases they also in- cluded a closed shop provision and in two cases included a provision with reference to arbitration of disputes. The text of one of the agreements appears on pages 232 and 233. {d) Hoisting and Portable Engineers. — Only three of the eight unions of hoisting and portable engineers in the State had agree- ments with employers, affd in no case was the agreement signed by all employers within the jurisdiction of the union. The agreements included provisions relative to wages, hours of labor, and arbitra- tion; in one case arbitration by the State Board. (e) Lathers {wood, wire, and metal). — Of the 12 unions of wood, wire, and metal lathers in the State only one had an agreement with employers, but it was reported that all firms within the jurisdiction of the union had signed this agreement. (/) Painters, Decorators, and Paperhangers. — Sixteen of the 59 unions of painters, decorators, and paperhangers in the State, which reported, had signed agreements with employers. Of these 16 unions only three had agreements with all employers vsdthin their juris- diction, but 10 had agreements with more than one-half of the total number of employers. The aggregate membership of the 59 unions Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 169 reporting was 5,099 and of the 16 unions which had signed agree- ments with employers was 1,681, Ordinarily the agreements in- cluded provisions relative to wages and hours of labor; in several cases,' however, the agreement called for a closed shop and in several cases also there were clauses providing for arbitration of disputes. A copy of an agreement appears on pages 259 to 263. (g) Plumhers, Steamfitters, Helpers, etc. — Of the 32 unions of plumbers, steamfitters, helpers, etc., reporting, 12 had signed agree- ments with employers, and of these 12 seven had agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction and four had agreements with more than one-half the total number of employers. The ag- gregate membership of the 32 unions reporting was 2,227 and of the 12 unions having signed agreements was 615. Provisions with reference to wages, hours of labor, apprentices, arbitration, and closed shop are found in certain of the agreements. (h) Roofers. — Only one of the four roofers' unions in the State reported having a signed agreement with employers, but in this case it was reported that the agreement had been signed by all em- ployers within the jurisdiction of the union. (i) Sheet Metal Workers. — Of the 14 unions of sheet metal work- ers only five reported having signed agreements with employers, and of these 5 two had signed agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction. These agreements ordinarily contain clauses rela- tive to wages, hours of labor, apprentices, arbitration, and closed shop. 5. Stone Working Teades. A large proportion of the employees in this group of trades are organized under one of four distinct international unions: The Granite Cutters' International "Association of America, the Quarry Workers' International Union of North America, the Paving Cut- ters' Union of the United States of America and Canada, and the Journeymen Stone Cutters' Association of ISTorth America. Of the 37 local unions in the stone working trades in Massachusetts, 35 answered the inquiries relative to agreements, and of these 35 all except six reported that they had entered into signed agreements with employers. In discussing the agreements the crafts may be considered separately. 170 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P- D- 15. (a) Granite Cutters. — The aggregate membership of the 21 unions reporting was 2,526, and of these unions 17, with an aggregate membership of 2,467, had signed agreements with employers, 10 unions having signed agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction. The agreements were quite uniform in character, the most of them containing provisions relative to wages, hours of labor, apprentices, closed shop, arbitration, and sanitary conditions.^ The text of one of these agreements appears on pages 239 to 241. (6) Qua.rry Worhers. — All of the seven unions of quarry work- ers with an aggregate membership of 839 had signed agreements with their employers and six of the unions had agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction. A copy of an agreement, con- taining provisions relative to wages, hours, and arbitration, appears on page 266. One of the agreements contained an apprenticeship clause and another called fotr the closed shop. (c) Paving Cutters. — Each of the four unions of paving cutters had a signed agreement with employers, and three of these agree- ments were with all employers within the jurisdiction of the union. In each case provisions relative to wages and arbitration were in- cluded and in two cases the hours of labor were prescribed. {d) Stone Cutters. — Only one of the three unions of stone cutters had an agreement with employers, but in this case the agreement was signed by all employers within the jurisdiction of the union. 6. Othee Tbades and Occupations. (a) Bakers and Confectioners. — Eleven of the 15 unions of bakers and confectioners had signed agreements with -employers, of which two had signed agreements vdth all employers and seven with more than one-half the number of emploj^ers within their jurisdiction. The aggregate membership of the 15 unions in the State was 880, and of the 11 unions having signed agreements was 624. The agree- ments were uniform in character foUowis-g a form adopted by the International union and included provisions relative to wages, hours of labor, arbitration (in several instances by the State Board), closed shop, and union label. In several instances a clause was also in- cluded providing for sanitary conditions in the shops. An illustra- tive example of these agreements appears on page 177. 1 See pp.136, 136, ante. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 171 (b) Barbers. — Of the 34 unions of barbers in the State (repre- senting an aggregate membership of 2,251), 15 unions, with an aggregate membership of 1,625, had signed agreements with master barbers, and of these 15 unions three had agreements with all em- ployers within their jurisdiction and nine had agreements with more than one-half the number of employers. The agreements varied in character, but for the most part they provide for a closed shop and the use of a shop card; in several instances the number of apprentices was expressly limited. There appeared to be no pro- visions for arbitration in any case. (c) Bartenders. — The number of unions of bartenders in the State was 29, of which number 27, with an aggregate membership of 3,475, answered the inquiries relative to agreements and 15 unions, with an aggregate membership of 2,941, reported that they had signed agreements with employers. These agreements appear to have been quite generally signed by employers, 12 unions having reported that they had entered into agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction. Generally clauses were included in the agreements providing for a closed shop and for the use of a shop card; in several instances a schedule of wages and hours of employ- ment was also included and a clause providing for arbitration was also included in several of the agreements. (d) Breioery Trades. — The bottlers and drivers and the brewery workmen are both organized under the International Union of the United Brewery Workmen of America, and for convenience are considered together because the agreements are rather uniform in character following a form adopted by the international union. All except one of the unions in this trade have signed agreements with their employers ; thus eight of the nine unions of bottlers and drivers and each of the 10 unions of brewery workers have such agreements. The total membership of the eight unions of bottlers and drivers having signed agreements was 1,170 and of the 10 unions of brewery workers was 1,527. The agreements in most instances include clauses with reference to wages, hours of labor, arbitration (in sev- eral cases by the State Board), and closed shop. A copy of an agree- ment appears on pages 187 to 191. (e) Garment Trades. — There are three international unions hav- ing affiliated local unions in the garment trades: The United Gar- 172 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15 ment Workers of America, the International Ladies Garment Work- ers' Union, and the Journeymen Tailors' Union of America. The work performed by the members of these unions is for the most part on the piece-work basis, consequently the agreements had refer- ence to the price lists for piece-work which the organized employees sought to establish in the trade. The locals affiliated with the two international unions of garment workers have been considered in a single paragraph, and those affiliated with the Journeymen Tailors' Union have been considered in a second paragraph following. Of the 19 unions of garment workers representing 3,471 mem- bers, eight unions, having an aggregate membership of 2,190, had signed agreements with their employers, but in only one instance was the agreement signed by all employers. An endeavor is made by the organized garment workers to introduce their labels on ready- made and custom-made clothing; the securing of agreements with employers as to general conditions of employment is involved in the use by employers of the imion label ^ on the product of their establishments. Recently attention has been given by the organized garment workers, particularly in New York City,^ to health con- ditions in the shops in which they are employed. Seven of the eight unions of tailors and dressmakers had signed agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction. The aggre- gate membership of the eight unions, however, was only 336 and of the seven unions having signed agreements, only 296. The agree- ments were hardly more than price-lists accepted by employers. (/) Teaming. — Of the 36 local unions of teamsters and drivers in the State, representing 10,241 members, 21 unions, with an aggregate membership of 8,373, were reported as having agreements with employers. Seven local unions, with an aggregate member- ship of 1,932, had agreements with all employers within their jurisdiction; and nine, with an aggregate membership of 5,668, had agreements with more than half of the employers within their juris- diction. Eight of the 21 agreements reported were entered into by organi- zations of general teamsters, six by organizations of coal teamsters, and seven by organizations of the following special classes of team- > For a discussion of the garment workers' union labels, see p. 132, ante « See under "Sanitary Conditions," pp. 134, 135, a»(e. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 173 sters: Carriage drivers and chauffeurs; market and commission house teamsters; newspaper drivers and helpers; piano and furni- ture movers; stablemen and garagemen; transfer drivers and help- ers; and milk wagon drivers. Of the 21 local unions having agree- ments 10 were in Boston and there was one in each of 11 other localities. The teamsters' local agreements are usually of a somewhat uniform character and contain in most cases an article providing for refer- ence of any disagreement between employers and employees to the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration or to a local Board to be appointed by the two parties to the agreement The Constitution of the International Union, while not prescribing the form of local agreements, does provide that "... it shall be compulsory upon the Local Unions to forward a copy of the wage scale to the General President for his sanction before the same shall be presented to any employer," and it is further provided that "... if, in his opinion, the Local Union is warranted in presenting the wage scale to the employers, he shall request the General Executive Board to endorse the action of the Local Union; providing the Local Union uses all necessary endeavors to bring about a peaceable and satisfactory settlement by negotiation or arbi- tration." (gr) Theatrical Stage Employees. — Twelve of the 14 unions of theatrical stage employees reporting had signed agreements with em- ployers and of the 12, four had signed agreements with all employ- ers within their jurisdiction. The membership of the 12 unions having signed agreements was 921. The principal provisions in the agreements were those with reference to wages and hours of labor. In two cases there were clauses providing for the closed shop and arbitration of disputes. B. LOCAL AGREEMENTS : BY LOCALITIES. From a tabulation ^ of agreements by localities it appears that the proportion of unions having agreements in any locality is largely determined by the distribution by trades of the unions in that local- ity. This may be shown by citing the percentages of unions having 1 See Table II on p. 280, vast. 174 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. signed agreements of the total number of uniops reporting in each locality. Thus in Haverhill, Brockton, Lynn, and Salem, where a majority of the unions are in the boot and shoe industry, the per- centages of unions having agreements are respectively 76, 75, 62, and 57. In Fitchburg, where a large proportion of the unions were in steam railway service, the percentage of unions having agree- ments was 63. On the other hand, in Lowell, Lawrence, and New Bedford where a majority of the unions are in textile manufacturing (in which industry collective agreements are very rare at the present time) the percentages of unions having agreements were respectively 50, 37, and 29. In the cities in which the unions are fairly well distributed among the several trades and occupations the percentages of unions having agreements do not vary considerably from the cor- responding percentage (43) for the State as a whole. The data relative to the number of agreements in the more important local- ities will be considered briefly in the following paragraphs : Boston. — The distribution of unions by trades and occupations in Boston is quite general, and as no trade in which there are numer- ous agreements is highly represented in the city the percentage (45) of imions having agreements compares very closely with the corre- sponding percentage (43) for the State as a whole. Of the 260 unions in Boston which answered the inquiries relative to agree- ments 116 had signed agreements, of which number 50 were with all employers within the jurisdiction of the respective unions, 24 were with more than one-half the number of firms, 15 with less than one-half, and in 27 cases the proportion of firms was not stated. Worcester. — In this city, as in Boston, the distribution of unions by trades and occupations was quite general and the percentage (46) of unions having agreements was comparatively low. Of the 59 unions reporting 27 had agreements, of which 15 were with all em- ployers within their jurisdiction. Springfield. — The percentage (40) of unions having agreements in Springfield (a city in which the distribution of unions by trades and occupations was quite general) was even lower than in Boston and Worcester. The number of unions answering the inquiries was 57, of which number 23 had agreements, and of these 13 had agree- ments with all employers within their jurisdiction. Brockton. — In this city, in which a large proportion of the unions were engaged in boot and shoe manufacturing, 36, or 75 per cent of Part III] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 175 the 48 unions reporting, had signed agreements with employers. In Brockton also there was a comparatively large number of unions in other occupations which had agreements with employers. Appar- ently the success of the Boot and Shoe Workers' arbitration agree- ment ^ in producing industrial harmony served to induce unions in other occupations to adopt a policy of entering into agreements with employers. Haverhill. — Of the 29 unions in Haverhill, 22, or 76 per cent, had agreements with employers. This percentage was the highest for any city in the State, but is only one point higher than the corresponding percentage (75) for Brockton. In Haverhill there are a large number of unions in boot and shoe manufacturing, nearly all of which had agreements with the manufacturers, consequently the percentage was unusually high. Lynn. — As in Brockton and Haverhill, a large proportion of unions in Lynn were in the boot and shoe industry, consequently the proportion of unions which had agreements was comparatively high, namely, 62 per cent. Of the 55 unions which reported, 34 had signed agreements with employers, and of this number 12 had agree- ments with all employers within their jurisdiction. Other Cities and Towns. — Eor cities other than those considered above the following data^ may be presented: In Lowell, out of 42 unions reporting, 21 unions, or 50 per cent, had agreements with employers; in Fitchburg, out of 27 unions reporting, 17, or 63 per cent, had agreements; in Salem, 17 out of 30 unions, or 57 per cent; in Fall Eiver, 14 out of 37, or 38 per cent; in Holyoke, 14 out of 34, or 41 per cent ; in Lawrence, 14 out of 38, or 37 per cent ; in ^OTth Adams, 13 out of 23, or 57 per cent; in Quincy, 12 out of 25, or 48 per cent; in 'New Bedford, 11 out of 38, or 29 per cent. Of the 257 unions in all other cities and towns of the State, 86, or 34 per cent, had agreements with employers. These other cities and towns were principally those having a small population and in which there were comparatively few unions. In such localities, in which usually the industries are not so well organized, the percentage of unions having agreements is found to be considerably less than the percentage (43) for the State as a whole. ^ A statement with reference to the Boot and Shoe Workers' arbitration agreement appears on pp. 139-141, 308. ' For information in detail, see Table II on pa«e 280, post. 176 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. V. EXAMPLES OF COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS IN CER- TAIN OCCUPATIONS. ALLIED PBINTINQ TRADES COUNCIL. Bookbinders' Union, No. 16; Bindery Girls' Union, No. 56; Cambridge Book- binders' Union, No. 204; Electrotypers' Union, No. 11; Mailers' Union, No. 1; Cambridge Typographical Union, No. 61; News Writers' Union, No. 1; Franklin Association, No. 18; Printing Pressmen's Union, No. 67; Photo-Engravers' Union, No. 3; Stereotypers' Union, No. 2; Typographical Union, No. 13; Web Press- men's Union, No. 3. Bules of the Union Label. t This is to certify, that label No. . . . has been granted to in accordance with the following agreements : 1. All compositors, pressmen, stereotypers, electrotypers and mailers, press feeders, book binders, bindery girls, web pressmen, newspaper writers and photo- engravers, must be members of their respective unions, their scales of prices paid, and apprentice laws complied with. 2. Labels must not be loaned, electrotyped, or duplicated in any manner. (This practice of engrafting duplicates on imprints is strictly forbidden.) All neces- sary labels will be furnished by the Allied Printing Committee and a written acknowledgment taken thereof. 3. In any office where label is granted, no member of affiliated organization in the A. P. T. C. will be permitted to do any work aside from the technical or mechanical work of his own particular trade or calling. 4. Labels shall be numbered in consecutive order, and no label will be per- mitted on a job without label number. 5. With the further understanding that if sent out to an outside press-room for the press-work, that the office number of that press-room shall likewise appear alongside of the composition number, thus ensuring the proper use of the label. 6. The label must not be used on any partisan or political printing, excepting in an imprint, and said imprint shall be the bottom line, and shall be disconnected from the body of the work by a rule. 7. Paintings of the label for sign purposes are permitted. 8. The Allied Printing Trades Committee reserves the right to withdraw the label at any time. 9. No label composition shall be printed in a press room not in possession of the label. 10. No label printing shall be bound in a bindery not in possession of the label. 11. These rules must be lived up to under penalty of forfeiture of the label Boston, 19 . Por (Name of Firm) For the Allied Printing Trades (Name of Eepresentative) This label is registered, and all infringements will be punished according to law. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 177 BAKERS. Agreement between Employers and Bakers' Union No. 180 of Brockton. — In •effect 1906. OrriciAL Price List. I, the undersigned, do hereby agree to the following Schedule of Wages and Eules, for: No. 1. Night Workmen. Foremen to receive not less than $20 per week. Second Hands to receive not less than $18 per week. "[Jnderhands to receive not less than $16 per week. No. S. Day Workmen. Foremen to receive not less than $20 per week. Second Hands to receive not less than $18 per week. Underhands to receive not less than $15 per week. No. 3. Nine hours to constitute a day's work. No. 4. Six days of 54 hours to constitute a week's work. No. 5. Forty cents per hour to be paid for all overtime. No. 6. All overtime to be entered by the foreman. No. 7. No boarding with the employer. No. 8. Only one boy to be employed in each shop. No. 9. No day worker shall start work before 5 o'clock a.m. No. 10. No night worker shall start work before 5 o'clock p.m., except dough- makers. No. 11. In all cases none but members in good standing in Bakery and Con- fectionery Workers' International Union of America shall be employed. No. 12. In employing help, members of Local No. 180, shall be given the preference if capable, through the Labor Agent. No. 13. We will not under any consideration cause or sanction any lockout of Journeymen Bakers of Local No. 180 while this agreement is in force. This agreement shall remain in force until Thirty days notice, prior to expiration, is required to alter or amend this contract. If any clause of this agreement is broken we shall forfeit the Label' of the E. & C. W. Int. Union of America. We the undersigned do hereby agree to the following articles for Local 180: No. 1. We shall furnish competent help when required. No. 2. We shall furnish labels^ to employers free of charge, two week's supply at one time only, as long as contract is fully lived up to. No. 3. And that Local No. 180, shall not cause or sanction any strike while this contract is in force. All questions in dispute which cannot be mutually agreed upon, shall be submitted to a Board of Arbitration mutually agreed upon, or the State Board of Arbitration. No. 4. This agreement shall remain in force until Thirty days notice, prior to expiration, is required to alter or amend this contract. ' All union Bread Labels are furniahed by this union free of charge to the Master Bakers, the fore- man of each shop having charge of them. 178 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Bakers. Combination Label ' Agbeement. This Agreement, made this day of , between Local Union No. of the Bakery and Confectionery Workers' International Union of America, and Witnesseth : That said union has agreed and does hereby agree to furnish on written order from time to time, so long as the employment agreement now existing between the parties hereto, remains in force, a sufficient number of labels of the Bakery and Confectionery Workers' International Union of America, to properly label all the product of said Master Baker during said time; but not at any time furnish more labels than is sufficient for two weeks product, and thereby au- thorizes said Master Baker to use the labels so provided, subject to the pro- visions of the local and International constitutions of said unions. The said Master Baker agrees to pay for all labels printed in accordance with orders delivered by him to the secretary of the said local union, immediately upon arrival of such labels at the office of said local union. In case of the termination of the said employment agreement by lapse of time, or in case of violation of its terms by said Master Baker, or otherwise, the said local union shall retain all such labels not then delivered to said Master Baker, and said Master Baker forthwith deliver to said local secretary all such labels then in their possession, and shall desist from further use of such label and from the use of any similar label. The labels to be furnished under this agreement, shall be what is termed " Combination Labels " that is, the label of the said Bakery and Confectionery Workers' International Union of America, and the card of said Master Baker printed in connection therewith. In no event shall the local or International Union be required to refund any moneys for such labels by said Master Baker. The price to be paid for such labels shall be Local Union No. Bakery and Confbctioneet Woekers' International Union or America. BARBERS. Agreement between Local 18S, Journeyman Barbers' International Union of America, of Boston, amd Employers. — August 1, 1910, to August 1, 1911. Work Days and Wage Scale of the Journeymen Barbers' Union, Local 182. Section 1. The hours of labor to be from 7.30 a.m. to 8 p.m., excepting Saturdays, when the hours shall be from 7 a.m. to 11.00 p.m. Section 2. Journeymen shall have one half day off in each week or the whole day in two weeks, excepting said day comes in a holiday week, in which case he shall take the day off the following week. One hour is to be allowed for dinner and one half -hour for supper. Section 3. Journeymen shall not work on July 4th and Christmas, unless said days fall on Saturday or Monday, in which case they shall work until 12.00 noon, and shall work on aU other holidays until 12.00 noon. Journeymen shall not work on Labor Day. 1 Combination Labels, i.e., union labels with advertisements of the Master Bakers, are sold to the Master Baker, according to agreement. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 179 Barbers. Journeymen shall work until 10.00 P.M. the night before a Holiday, excepting the Holiday they do not work, then they work until 11.00 p.m. the night before. Section 4. The minimum wage shall be $12.00 per week and one-half receipts over $20.00. Journeymen's pay for Saturday shall not be less than $4.00. The above to go into effect for One Year from August 1st, 1910. In Witness Whereof, I have affixed my signature to the agreements required, this day of 19 [LOCAL SEAL.] (Signature of Person Making Agreement.) Attest : Cor.-Fin. See'y of Local. Endorsed by the Boston Central Labor Union. Agreement Governing Display of Union Shop Cards. 19.... (City and Date.) To whom it may concern: I, do hereby agree that in consideration of being allowed to display Union Shop Card No of the Journeymen Barbers' (Give No.) International Union of America, in my Barber Shop, No (Give Street and No.) Street, that I will comply with all the conditions imposed in the " Rules Govern- ing Shop Cards" which are printed on the back of said Union Shop Card. I also agree, that the Union Shop Card is now, and shall remain the property of the Journeymen Barbers' International Union of America and that it is loaned to me only during such time as the conditions imposed are fulfilled by me, and further, said Union Shop Card not being my property, I have no right to sell the same nor transfer it to any person, nor place, except as duly au- thorized in the "Rules Governing Shop Cards." In Witness Whereof, I have affixed my signature to the three agreements required, this day of 19 [LOCAL SEAL.] (Signature of Person Making Agreement.) Attest : (Cor.-Fin. Sec'y of Local.) N.B. — Cor.-Fin. Sec'ys must see that this agreement is filled out in full be- fore delivering any shop card. Failure to comply will be considered a violation of the Constitution of the J. B. I. U. of A. BARTENDERS. Agreement between the Local Union No. 99, Eotel and Sestaurant Employees and Bartenders' International League of America, of Fall Siver, and the Fall Siver Liquor Dealer^ Association, November 1, 1911, to January 1, 191S. This agreement entered into, this, the day of 191 , by and between Local 99 of the Hotel and Restaurant Employes and Bartenders' 180 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Bartenders. International League of America, as party of the first part, and the Fall Eiver Liquor Dealers Association of Fall Eiver, as party of the second part, witnesseth; First: Local 99 agrees to use all its influence with organized labor and its friends to have them patronize only such places as are a party to this agree- ment and to do all in its power to further the interests of the party of the second part. Second : It shall be part of this agreement that the Fall Biver Liquor Dealers Association employing extra bartenders shall give preference to members of Local 99. Thied: The party of the second part shall cause a Union Card to be dis- played in a conspicuous place on the premises, said card to remain the property of Local 99, subject to return upon demand. FoDRTH: The party of the second part does hereby agree to employ as bar- tenders none but union men in good financial standing with Local 99 of the Hotel and Restaurant Employes and Bartenders' International League of America, or the party of the second part shall have the right to employ, should they so desire, men as bartenders, who shall file application and forward same with initiation fee to the secretary of Local 99, Fall River, Mass. Should the appli- cant be rejected by Local 99 for causes detrimental to organized labor or other just causes, and should the parties fail to agree as to the causes, the grievance shall be settled as per Section 7. Pending the settlement of such grievance the applicant shall not be allowed to work, providing a decision is not rendered within (48) forty-eight hours. Fifth": There shall be maintained by Local 99, an Employment Agency, where, upon application to the Secretary or Business Agent, a list of members in good financial standing and who are unemployed who can be secured by members of the Fall Eiver Liquor Dealers Association. SiSTH: Causes for discharge are drunkenness, negligence, incapability, dis- honesty toward employers or their authorized agents. Seventh: Grievances or differences between Local 99 and the Fall Eiver Liquor Dealers Association, if they cannot be adjusted between a committee from Local 99 and a committee from the Fall Eiver Liquor Dealers Association shall be referred to an arbitration committee, consisting of four members, two (2) of whom shall be appointed by Local 99, two (2) by the Fall Eiver Liquor Dealers Association, these four men, after a reasonable period of time, if they cannot agree on matters pending, proceed to select a fifth man. Eighth : This agreement shall cover all first and fourth class liquor dealers and inn holders. Ninth : This contract to remain in force until , continuing annually, unless notice has been given by either party, thereto, three months before of any year, and specifications of any proposed changes shall be submitted at least 60 days prior to Local 99 — Hotel and Bestaurant Employes and Bartenders' International League of America. Fall Biver Liquor Dealers Association of Fall Biver, Mass. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 181 BOILESHAKERS. Agreement between Boston and Maine iJ.JB. and Boilermakers and Helpers — Jn effect May SS, 1910. Section 1. Nine (9) hours shall constitute a day's work and eight (8) hours Saturdays. Section S. All time over the regular hours, including Sundays and holidays, shall be paid for at the rate of time and one-half. When men are called from their homes to work overtime and such work shall continue for three hours and twenty minutes or less, the men shall receive there- for five hours pay. Section S. No boilermaker or helper shall be compelled to go into a hot firebox when there is steam pressure on the boiler, nor be asked to enter a front end when there is a fire in the box. Section 4. An increase of two and one-half (2%) cents per hour for Boilermakers and one and one-half (1%) cents per hour for Helpers over the hourly rate as now paid, will be efiEective May 29th, 1910. Section 5. Boilermakers' work is defined as follows: cutting apart, marking off, laying out, and building work pertaining to steam, water, air and oiltight sheet and plate work from number sixteen gauge iron or steel and upward; boiler inspection and testing, flanging, patching, riveting, chipping, caulking, and tube work. Section 6. In case of discipline, right of appeal will be granted if exercised within ten (10) days. If the investigation finds the accused blameless, his record will remain as previous thereto and he shall be re-instated and receive pay for all time lost. Section 7. Electric lights will be furnished the boilermakers in shops and enginehouses where it is practicable to provide for the same, for use in fireboxes. Boiler- makers and helpers while away from home shop at work will be paid actual expenses promptly. Section 8. In case of a decrease in business and the company finds they have t6 reduce their help, everything being equal the oldest boilermaker and helper in service to be retained. Section 9. In case either the company or the Boilermakers employed by them wish to change this ^schedule, a notice of thirty (30) days will be given of the proposed changes. (Signed) 182 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15, BOOT AND SHOE CUTTEES. Agreement between Employers and Boot and Shoe Cutters' Assembly No. S66S, Knights of Labor, of Lynn. — In effect June, 1911. It is hereby agreed between the firm of and Boot & Shoe Cutters' Assembly No. 3662, K. of L., that any difEerences that may arise be- tween the firm of and the cutters in their employ which cannot be mutually adjusted between the firm and a representative of Boot & Shoe Cutters' Assembly 3662, K. of L., shall be referred to the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration for decision (or, to some local board made up as follows: Each side shall select a person and these two shall select a third person for decision) and their decision shall be binding upon all parties to this agree- ment. It is further agreed that pending the discussion and the decision of any or all difEerences or disputes between the parties to this agreement, there shall be no lock-out, strike, stoppage or cessation of work by the employer or employee on account of such difEerences. It is further agreed in keeping with the spirit and letter of this agreement and to further guarantee the observance of the same that the firm of shall employ in the department covered by this contract only members of Boot & Shoe Cutters' Assembly 3662, K. of L. in good standing. It is hereby agreed that the present prices paid by are to remain in force for a period of one year providing the same class of goods continues to be made by said firm. This agreement shall remain in force for a period of one year from this date and for such further periods of time as may be mutually agreed upon. (Signed) For L. A. No. 366S, K. of L. BOOT AND SHOE WORKERS. Union Stamp Contract. Agreement entered into this day of 19 by and between shoe manufacturer of hereinafter known as the Employer, and the Boot and Shoe Workers' Union, with headquarters at 246 Summer St., Boston, Mass., hereinafter known as the Union, witnesseth : EiBST. The Union agrees to furnish its Union Stamp to the Employer free of charge, to make no additional price for the use of the Stamp, to make no dis- crimination between the Employer and other firms, persons or corporations who may enter into an agreement with the Union for the use of the Union Stamp, and to make all reasonable efEort to advertise the Union Stamp, and to create a demand for the Union Stamped products of the Employer, in common with other employers using the Union Stamp. Second. In consideration of the foregoing valuable privileges, the Employer agrees to hire as shoe workers, only members of the Boot and Shoe Workers' Union, in good standing, and further agrees not to retain any shoe worker in hia employment after receiving notice from the Union that such shoe worker is Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 183 Boot and Shoe Workers, objectionable to the TTnion, either on aceotmt of being in arrears for dues, or disobedience of Union Bules or Laws, or from any other cause. The Employer agrees that there shall be no discrimination against any member of the Union because of his or her activity in Union affairs. Thisd. The Employer agrees that he -will not cause or allow the Union Stamp to be placed on any goods not made in the factory for which the use of the Union Stamp is granted, and the Employer agrees that it will be a violation of this contract to use the Union Stamp or Stamps in any other place than the particular factory for which the use of the Stamp is granted. Fourth. It is mutually agreed that the Union wiU not cause or sanction any strike, and that the Employer will not lock out his employes while this agreement is in force. An questions of wages or conditions of labor, which cannot be mutually agreed npon, sbaH be submitted to the Massachusetts State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration. The decision of this Board of Arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Employer, the Union, and the employes. The Employer agrees that where a change of system or method is made, he will notify the Local Union affected and endeavor to mutually agree upon a price to be paid. Failing to agree the matter shall be arbitrated, and the decision rendered shall date from the time of change in system or method. Li the event of the Employer or Local Union, or a duly authorized agent, giving written notice to the General President of their desire to refer to arbitra- tion any matter in dispute, relative to wages, conditions of employment, in- terpretation of contract, or any other difference of opinion, he shall insist that the application for same shall be signed within seven days from his receipt of said notice. Failnare of either party to comply with this clause shall constitute a direct violation of this contract. FrPTH. The Union agrees to assist the Employer in procuring competent shoe workers to fill the places of any employes who refuse to abide by Section FOUR of this agreement, or who may withdraw or be expelled from the Boot and Shoe Workers' Union. Sixth. The Employer agrees that the regularly appointed collectors, or busi- ness agents acting in the capacity of collectors, shall not be hindered or ob- structed in collecting dues from members working in the factory. Seventh. The Employer ^rees that the General President of the Union, or hip deputy upon his written order, may visit the employes in the factory at any time. Eighth. The Employer agrees that the Union is the lawful owner of the Union Stamp, and the Employer agrees not to make or cause to be made any Union Stamp or Stamps, and it is further agreed that the Union will furnish free of cost, all Stamps necessary to be used under this agreement. Ninth. The Union agrees that no person except the General President, or his deputy upon his written order, shall have the right to demand or receive the Union Stamp from the Employer. Tenth. Should the Employer violate this agreement, he agrees to surrender the Union Stamp or Stamps in his possession to the General President or his deputy, upon his written order, and that the said General President, or his 184 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [?• 'D- ^^- Boot and Shoe Workers. deputy, may take said Stamp or Stamps, wherever they may be, without being liable for damages, or otherwise. Eleventh. In case the said Employer shall for any cause fail to deliver the said Stamp or Stamps to the General President, or his deputy, as provided in this agreement, the Employer shall be liable to the General President in the sum of two hundred (200) dollars, as liquidated damages, to be recovered by the Gen- eral President in an action of contract, brought in the »ame of the General President, for the benefit of the Union, against the Employer. Twelfth. This agreement shall remain in force until Should either party desire to alter, amend or annul this agreement, it shall give a written notice thereof to the other party three months before expiration of the agreement; and if the parties fail to give such notice, the agreement shall con- tinue in force for another year, and so on from year to year until such notice is given. Thirteenth. In case the Employer shall cease to do business, or shall transfer its business, or any part thereof, to any person or persons, or corporation, this agreement shall be ended, and the Stamp or Stamps shall be returned to the General President forthwith, without demand from the Union, when a new agree- ment, of similar tenor to this, may be entered into between the Employer and the General Executive Board of the Boot and Shoe Workers' Union. (Signed) By For the Employer. By For the Union. BOTTLERS AND DBIVEBS. Agreement between Bottlers' and Drivers' Union No. 119 of the International Union of the United Brewery WorTcmen of America and the Bottling Proprie- tors of Lawrence, April 1, 191S, to April 1, 1916. Art. 1. — None but members of Local Union No. 119 holding a good standing card shall be hired and employed in the Bottling Establishments whether working day or night. Art. 2. — Nine in ten consecutive hours shall constitute a day's work, one hour being allowed for dinner, the regular day's work shall not commence before 7 a.m. nor later than 9 a.m. Art. 3. — When requested to work overtime no man shall refuse; for Sundays or Legal Holidays they shall receive pay for double time. Art. 4. — In case of prolonged sickness of any Employee he shall be entitled to his former position after regaining his health. Art. 5. — In case of slack business as many men as necessary may be laid ofE alternately, not longer than one week or less than one day at a time, all men taking their turn, and it is expressly agreed and understood that there shall be no laying off for any fractional part of a day to compensate for overtime. Art. 6. — No man shall be discharged without sufficient reason from said employer, said reason to be given on demand of the discharged employee. Art. 7. — Arbitration. Grievances or differences between employers and em- ployees, if they cannot be adjusted between a Committee of the Employees of the establishment and Employers, shall be laid before an Arbitration Committee, Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 185 Bottlers and Drivers. consistdng of five (5), two (2) of whom shall be appointed by the Employer, two (2) by the Union, and the fifth by the four men so appointed who will be a disinterested party, whose decision shaU be binding on both parties. Abt. 8. — No workman shall be discharged or discriminated against for work- ing in the iaterest of the Union but the Employer shall be notified as to how long the Employee will be absent but however shaU receive no pay for the time he is absent. Abt. 9. — No help shall be hired upon the recommendation of a customer. Abt. 10. — Teamsters or Helpers handling or delivering the bottled goods shall belong to Local Union No. 119 of the International Union of the United Brewery Workmen. Abt. 11. — Foremen employed in Bottling Establishments shaU not do work belonging to members of the Union. Abt. 12. — Minimum Scale of Wages for: Drivers of double teams not less than $16 per week. Drivers of single teams not less than $14 per week. Helpers on double teams not less than $14 per week. Bottlers not less than $14 per week. Stablemen not less than $14 per week. Inside help in shop not less than $13 per week. CSiaufFeuis same as at present, $15 for large truck, $14 for light truck. For a week's work of 54 hours or 9 hours per day. Abt. 13. — All overtime over nine hours shall be paid for at the rate per hour of 35 cents for Drivers and 35 cents per hour for inside help. Abt. 14. — No present pay shall be reduced. Abt. 15. — Stablemen: 54 hours shall constitute a week's work, and three (3) hours for Sundays and Holidays, and all overtime to be 35 cents per hour. Abt. 16. — This Contract shall remain in force until April 1st, 1915, and to continue annually until the next contract is signed, unless thirty days' notice has been given by either party before the first of April of any one year thereafter. Signed for Local Union, No. 119. Signed for the Proprietors. Signed for the International Union, U. B. W. BOZHAEERS. Agreement ietween Cigar Box Manufacturers and Local SOI, AmaXgamated WoodivorTcers International Union of Boston, October 1, 1911 to October 1, 191S. Abticle I. It is mutually agreed between the said parties that the parties of the first part shall hire and discharge their own help. Workmen so being hired shall 186 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Boxmakers. have the working card of the Woodworkers Union or make application for mem- bership at the next regular meeting of said Union. It is also agreed that members in good standing in the said Union shall be given the preference over Non-Union men. Article II. It is further agreed that fifty (50) hours shall constitute a week's work. Work shall cease at 12 noon on Saturday of each week. Aeticle III. The parties of the first part agree to pay for all overtime at the rate of time and a half. This includes work on legal holidays and after regular hours. Article IV. It is mutually agreed that no work shall be performed on Labor Day. Article V. The minimum scale of wages per week shall be as follows: Dept. Foreman, . . $19 00 Woodprinters-Compositor, . . $17 00 Sawyers, . 15 00 Woodprinters, . 15 00 Trimmers, . . 15 00 Nailer-Singler, . . 14 00 Planers, . 15 00 Nailer-Framer, . . 13 00 Woodpickers, . 13 00 Nailer-Bottom, . . 13 00 Shipper, . 13 00 Nailer-Top, . 12 00 Hinger, . 13 00 Article VI. It is mutually agreed that all rated positions shall be filled by men who are members of the Woodworkers Union; said men shall receive the scale of wages as specified in Article V. respectively. Article VI. Note. It is mutually agreed that in case of a vacancy arising the parties of the first part shall give the members a chance to advance to a higher rating, and if an extra man is required he shall start on the Top Nailer under the following conditions: That for the first six months his pay shall be $8.00 per week; second six months it shall be $10.00 per week, and after the first year he shall receive the scale of wages as above stated. Article VII. Parties of the first part agree that any workman now receiving more than the above wages shall not be subjected to a reduction by the action of this scale. Article VIII. The parties of the first part shall not hold any grievance against any em- ployee, acting in the capacity of shop steward in discharging his duties as such in the factory of the parties of the first part. ' Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 187 Bozmakers. Abticle IX. It is mutually agreed that in case of dispute arising, two representatives from the employer and two from the employees appointed by the Union, shall endeavor to make a satisfactory settlement. In ease no satisfactory settlement can be made by this method, then it is agreed that the dispute shall be referred to the State Board of CJoneiliation and Arbitration. Akticlb X. The parties of the second part hereby agree to grant the parties of the first part the use of the Amalgamated "Woodworkers International Union label, to be used by the parties of the first part as follows: A. — Said parties of the first part may use labels on any boxes made by them for firms who are recognized by the International Cigar Makers Union of America. B. — That they shall not use it on boxes for firms that do not make Union Cigars. Abticle XI. It is mutually agreed that the terms of this agreement shall remain in force for two years; if any change is desired by either party the proposed change shall be submitted in writing to the other thirty days prior to the expiration of this agreement, the parties hereto shall meet to consider terms for a new agree- ment, and for such further time as the parties may mutually agree upon. Agreement to expire Signed and executed by For the Firm for the Amalgamated Woodworkers Union Local SOI. BSEWEBY WORKMEN. Agreement between the Proprietors of Boston Breweries and Local Unions 14 and S9 of Boston, International Union of the United Brewery WorJcmen of America, March 6, 1911, to March 1, 1913. Abhicle I. None but members of the International Brewery Workmen's Union, in good standing of local Unions 14 and 29, shall be employed in the manufacturing jf beer, ale or porter, handling or delivering of same, hauling of empty packages md materials used in manufacturing, except in eases of emergency, when the jmployer is obliged to make immediate deliveries of ale, beer or porter, or in ase the employer is in immediate need of material used in the manufacturing )r of empty packages, he shall have the right to employ outside teams to so ieliver, handle or haul such ale, beer, porter, material or empty packages, pro- dded the drivers of such teams shall be members in good standing of any ■ecognized teamsters' union. When the union has been applied to and cannot Inmish outside men to equip teams employers may put inside men temporarily )n teams. Material purchased on the terms F. O. B. brewery premises, shall be ixempt from the provisions of this article. 188 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Brewery Workmen. Article II. In case of sickness of, or accident to any employee, he shall be entitled to employment in his former capacity when he is able to perform his duties, pro- vided he applies within six (6) months. Article III. Extra help may be employed when needed, and shall not be considered as regular employees, but any man who works five (5) months continuously in any brewery, shall be entitled to lay off one (1) week with the regular men in said brewery or stable. Any man who works eight (8) months in succession shall be considered a regular employee, and entitled to alternate with the regular men. Article IV. In case of slack business as many men as necessary may be laid ofE in equal rotation, not longer than one week at a time, all men taking their turn, except the first man in each department. Article V. Each workman shall have the right to board and live where he chooses, and no help shall be hired on the recommendation of customers. Article VI. Extra work done in and around the breweries shall only be performed by union men of their respective crafts. Article VXI. Services done by employees in the interest of, and for the benefit of the Union, except where it interferes with the duties of the employees, shall not be cause of discrimination or discharge. Article VIII. No teamster shall be required to deliver hogsheads on route alone, and assistance shall be given to teamsters in the delivery of barrels on route when necessary. No man shall be required to pile full halves "three high" in the brewery. Article IX. When men have to change from cold to warm departments, and vice versa, they shall be allowed time to change their clothes. Article X. Only union-made malt shall be contracted for to manufacture beer, ale or porter. Article XI. One apprentice shall be allowed for every twenty-five employees, or a fraction thereof; such apprentice shall be instructed for two years in all the branches of the trade, and shall then become a member of the Union after having passed a satisfactory examination before the same. No apprentice shall work longer than Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 189 Brewery Workmen, this agreement stipulates. The apprentice shall not be less than eighteen (18) nor more than twenty-two (22) years of age, and shaU receive for the first year the sum of twelve (12) dollars per week, and for the second year fourteen (14) dollars per week. Abticlb X I I . Eight in nine consecutive hours shall constitute a day's or night's work for all men in the brewery, one hour being allowed for dinner. Nine in ten con- secutive hours shall constitute a day's or night's work for all men in the stable department including men on teams, one hour being allowed for dinner. The regular day's work shall not commence before 7 o'clock a.m., unless in case of necessity, and in such cases where men are obliged to go to work before 7 A.M., arrangements shall be made for men to get their breakfast, excepting teamsters starting at 6 A.M. or later. Men taking two hours for meals shaU work eight (8) in ten (10) consecutive hours. No man shall refuse to go to work before 7 A.M:., if requested. Six (6) days or six (6) nights shall constitute a week's work. Abticle xm. On Sunday, work shall be entirely suspended, unless absolutely necessary, and in case of such necessity, fifty (50) cents per hour shall be allowed for each hour. Begnlar nine hours' work done on Sunday shall not be considered as Sunday work and shall be paid at the rate of $3.50 per day. Drivers and strikers shall clean the horses on Sunday morning without extra allowance, said cleaning shall be completed not later than 9 a.m. Drivers and strikers with the consent of the management when necessary shall have the privilege of arranging amongst themselves to do each others work on Sunday morning. Stablemen work- ing on Sunday shaU receive pay for same in accordance with the first paragraph of this article, by the hour or day as the case may be. Harnesses and wagons AaU be cleaned when necessary during working hours. Article XIV. On legal holidays and election days, work shall be paid for at the rate of fifty (50) cents per hour, unless a fuU day's work is done, when regular rates shall be paid. AB.TICLB XV. First man in cellar, at the rate of $19 per week. First man in fermenting room, at the rate of $19 per week. First man in brew house, at the rate of $19 per week. \ First man in wash house, at the rate of $19 per week. Men in cellar and fermenting room, at the rate of $17 per week. Men in wash house, at the rate of $17 per week. Men in brew house, at the rate of $17 per week. Night or day men in the brewery, eight (8) hours, six (6) nights or days per week, at the rate of $17 per week. Night or day men in stable, nine (9) hours, six nights or days per week, at the rate of $17.50 per week. If the regular stableman works seven days or nights at his option, $3.50 shall be paid for the extra day or night. I Eoute drivers, nine (9) hours, at the rate of $18.50 per week. 190 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P- D. 15. Brewery Workmen. Depot drivers, nine (9) hours, at the rate of $17.50 per week. All depot drivers shall receive route drivers' wages when delivering to saJoons for half a day or more. Strikers, nine (9) hours, at the rate of $15.50 per week. First man in stable, nine (9) hours, six (6) days, at the rate of $17.50 per week. Other men in stable, nine (9) hours, six (6) days, at the rate of $16 per week. Other men working in breweries, not classified in above departments, at the rate of $17 per week, excepting floor men who are now receiving $17 or more, they shall receive $18 per week. Article XVI. Trip strikers shall be hired by the day, and any striker driving a team for half a day shall receive drivers' wages. Aeticle XVU. In the cellar, brew house, fermenting room, wash house and stable, one man shall be considered the head of the respective department, and shall receive pay accordingly. Article XVIII. Permanent employees and extra men shall do whatever work may be required of them, but in performing duties other than the regular work for which they are employed, they shall be paid the schedule rates for the work performed, but in no case shall the pay be reduced. No division of time shall be made for less than half a day. No outside man shall be required to work in cellar, fermenting room, mash floor, or to wash casks. In cases of double brewings, the man doing the second brew shall be entitled to first man's wages while on this work. Article XIX. When required to work overtime the pay shall be at the rate of fifty (50) cents per hour; no man shall refuse to work overtime. Men in their respective de- partments shall have equal shares of same as far as possible. Reasonable notice of all absence from work shall be given. Article XX. Pay day shall be weekly, and when pay day shall fall on holidays or on election days, the men shall be paid the day previous. Article XXI. Every man discharged by a subordinate officer shall, if he so desiies, be given a hearing by the proprietor, president, or general manager. At such hearing the business agent of the union may be present. Article XXII. Cases of grievances or diSeerences between employers and employees, includ- ing the discharge of men, if same cannot be settled by the representative's of the Union and the Employer, shall be submitted to arbitration as hereinafter described. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 191 Brewery Workmen, within ten days after request for arbitration by either side, a special committee eonsistuig of five members, two (2) appointed by the employers, two (2) ap- pointed by the tJnion, these four (4) selecting the fifth, who shall neither be interested in the brewing industry nor be a member of any labor organization, shall organize and begin hearings forthwith, decision to be made as promptly as possible; otherwise the arbitration shall be transferred immediately to the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration. Both the employer and the Union shall abide by the decision of said special arbitration committee, or State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration, as the ease may be, and pending such decision no strike or lockout shaU be declared. • Article Xxui. No employees shall be required to work at varnishing, without the necessary safety appliances are furnished and utilized. Abticle xxrv. This contract is to take effect March 6th, 1911, and remain in force until March 1st, 1913, and continue annually unless notice has been given by either party thereto three (3) months before the first of March of any year, and specifications of the proposed changes shall be submitted at least sixty (60) days prior to March 1st. For the proprietors: Chairman of Committee. For local TTnions 14 and 29: For the International TTnion: International Secretary. BBICELAYERS. International Agreement between Employers and the Bricklayers', Masons', and Plasterers' International Union of America. Memorandum of Agreement between the firm of and the Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers' International TJnion of America. We, the firm of agree to work the hours, pay the wages and abide by the rules and regulations established or agreed upon by the Bricklayers, Masons, and Plasterers' International Union of the locality itt which any work of our company is being done. In employing bricklayers, masons, and plasterers, preference shall be given to members of the Bricklayers, Masons, and Plasterers' International Union. No change to be made in the hours and wages in any locality that would entail a financial loss to us without our being consulted upon the proposed change and agreeing to it. 192 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15, Bricklayers. In consideration of the foregoing, the Bricklayers, Masons, and Plasterers' International Union agrees that no stoppage of work or any strike of its mem- bers, either collectively or individually, shall be entered into pending any dispute being investigated and all peaceable means taken to bring about a settlement. CABPENTERS. Agreement hetween Master Builders and Local Union 988, United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, of Marlborough. — In effect June 1, 1911. The Master Bvulders do hereby agree and bind themselves to pay a minimum wage of forty-five (45) cents per hour. The Master Builders do further agree that forty-five cents shall be the minimum wage paid per hour during the year beginning June 1, 1911. The Master Builders further agree that forty-four (44) hours arranged as follows shall constitute a week's work; each week day eight hours, except Satur- day, when four hours shall be worked in the morning of said day. Should the Contractors ask the men to work over-time, the following wage will be charged; from quitting time to nine o'clock p.m., time and one half; after nine o'clock P.M. double time; Sundays double time; and double time for the following holidays; May 30th, July 4th, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. And it is further agreed in consideration of such wages paid by the Master Builders and such hours of labor agreed to, that the Carpenters Local Union 988 agree on their part to allow all old men, namely those who are fifty years of age and members of said Union, to receive from the Master Builders such sum per hour or per day as may be mutually agreed upon between said old men and Con- tractors. And it is further agreed on the part of the Carpenters Union that the Master Builders shall have the right to discharge any man whom said Contractor or Contractors do not consider worth the increase in wages agreed upon above. And as witness to the above and as evidence of our mutual agreement to the terms and conditions of said agreement, we, the undersigned Contractors or Master Builders and the Committee appointed by and acting with the consent of Local Union 988, hereby affix our signatures, the above agreement to be in effect on and after June 1, 1911, when signed by the Contractors and the Committee appointed by said Union. CARPET UPHOLSTERERS. Agreement hetween Employers and Local 109 of the Upholsterers International Union of North America, of Boston, September 15, 1911 to September 15, 191t Agreement made this day of A. D. 1911 to continue in full force and effect from the day of the date hereof untU the thirty-first day of August, in the year one thousand nine hundred and twelve, by and between Boston Local 109 of the Upholsterers Int'l Union of North America, hereinafter known as the party of the first part, and °* • hereinafter known as the party of the second part: WITNESSETH. — The party of the first part hereby agrees to furnish good competent and honest craftsmen from amongst its members upon the following Part in.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 193 Carpet Upholsterers, terms and conditions, to the said party of the second part during the life of this agreement, and The party of the second part hereby agrees to employ only members of said Local, to do the particnlar work hereinafter mentioned, and only such members as are in good financial standi pg with said Local, and said party of the second part further agrees to pay such employees at rates not less than the following Schedule of Prices, and upon the following terms and conditions: Time Work. Clause 1. Regular carpet cutters minimum wage per week $23.00. Clause 2. Kegular carpet layers, measurers and maxshine operatives, minimum wage per week $19.50. Clause 3. Carpet cutters engaged for season only, minimum wage per week $26.00. Clause 4. Carpet layers, measurers and machine operatives engaged for sea- son only, minimum wage per week $23.00. Clause 5. The word " Season " to mean any period less than twenty-six con- secutive weeks. Claiise 6. Eight hours to constitute a days work to be arranged between 8 a.m. and 5.30 p.m. Time and-a-half for overtime. Double time for Sundays. Clause 7. Apprentices to be paid as follows: 1st year, per week $9.00. 2nd year, per week $12.00. 3rd year, per week $15.00. Clause 8. At the end of the third year apprentices to be considered joiimey- men and paid according to this schediile. Clause 9. No person to be considered an apprentice until after he has served one year. Piece Work. Clause 10. Refitting old carpets, linoleums, mattings, yacht work, measuring, laying any goods containing less than 12 yards in the piece, minimum pay per hour, 50 cents. Clause 11. Laying (flat spaces) brussels, tapestry, velvets, and wool (new or old), minimum price per yard, 4 cents. Clause 12. Laying wiltons (flat space) new or old, minimum price per yard, 5 cents. Clause 13. Laying stairs of 4-4 or covered, minimum price per yard, 16 cents. Clause 14. Laying stairs of 3-4 goods or under, minimum price per yard, 12 cents. Clause 15. Laying surrounds (any goods), minimum price per perimeter yard, 10 cents. Clause 16. Laying oilcloths, printed linoleum and mattings, minimum price per yard, 6 cents. Clause 17. Laying inlaid, plain 16-4 linoleum and cork carpet, minimum price per yard, 8 cents. Clause 18. Laying linoleum or cork carpet cemented or pasted to concrete, marble or tirrazza floors, minimum price per yard, 25 cents. Clause 19. Laying linoleum or cork carpet, cemented or pasted to wooden floors, minimum price per yard, 15 cents. 194 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P- D- 15. Carpet Upholsterers. Clause 20. Piece work to be done after ten p.m. on week days yardage and a half. , , , J Clause 21. Piece work to be done on Sundays or holidays double yardage. Clause 22. Befitting old carpets, linoleum, mattings, yacht work, measuring and laying any goods containing less than 12 yards to the piece, to be done after ten p.m. on week days, per hour, 75 cents. Clause 23. Work mentioned in the last clause to be done on Sundays or holi- days, per hour, $1.00. Clause 24. Time lost by piece workers through no faults of the man, to be paid at the rate of, per hour, 50 cents. Clause 25. Time workers required to travel to and from jobs outside of the regular hours of labor, to be paid for time spent in such travel at the rate of single time. Clause 26. If required by such travel, to be on the road all night man to be furnished with meals and sleeping accommodations. Clause 27. No member of the said party of the first part to be subject to a decrease in his wages or prices as a result of this agreement. Clause 28. All carpet cutters, layers, measurers and machine operatives in the employ of the said party of the second part to be members of said Local 109. Clause 29. All work on floor covering (new or old) contracted by the said party of the second part, to be done either within or without the city of Bos- ton, if vrithin New England, shall be performed by the members of said Local 109. Clause 30. All work which consists of measuring, cutting, fitting or laying carpets, linoleums, oilcloths, mattings, and all other floor coverings, taking up carpets and aU other floor coverings, drilling holes for pins and sockets, and fitting devices for the attachments of carpets, and all other floor coverings to wooden floors, shall be classified as carpet upholsterers work. Clause 31. Any " carpet upholsterers work " performed by members of said Local 109 for which a specific price is not herein mentioned, the price is to be per hour, 50 cents. In Witness Whereof, We the aforesaid parties hereunto set our hands and to another instrument of like tenor, the day of the date herein first written. Aufhorized agent to sign this agreement for said Local 109. CLERKS — DBT GOODS. Agreement between Employers and Local Union 605, Betail Clerics' International Protective Association, of BrocTcton, February 5, 1910, to February S8, 1914. This agreement mutually entered into, this day of 1910, by and between the Eetail Clerks' International Protective Association, through their authorized agents, , President, Recording Secretary of Local 605, of the City of Brockton, and State of Massa- chusetts, as parties of the Mrst part and parties of the Second part: Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 195 Clerks — Dry Qoods. WITNESSETH: That said parties of the First part, in consideration of the covenants and agreements hereinafter mentioned and mutually agreed upon by all parties, to be kept, done and performed, do hereby lease, until February 28th, 1914, to the said parties of the Second part one Union Store Card for the above named merchants, the property of, and issued by the Eetail Clerks' International Protective Association. Parties of the Second part agree to retain in their employ only members, or those who, if eligible, will become members within thirty days from the date of their employment, of Local No. 605, Eetail Clerks' International Protective Asso- ciation. Parties of the Second part agree that their stores shall open at 8.30 o'clock a.m. on all working days, and close at the following time : — all day on the following legal holidays : — Washington's Birthday, Patriots Day, Memorial Day, July 4th, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day (if any of the above faU on Sunday then to be observed on Monday) ; at twelve o'clock noon Tuesdays during July and August, excepting the first Tuesday in July; at six o'clock p.m. on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Fridays not specified above; at nine o'clock pji. on Wednesdays not specified above; and at ten o'clock p.m. Saturdays not specified above; save and excepting one week immediately preceding Christmas, during which week parties of the Second part may close their stores at their own discretion. Ko Clerk to be compelled to work more than nine hours as a maximum on any one Wednesday. Each clerk to be given one day or its equivalent during the Brockton Fair. The minimum weekly wage of a salesperson shall be six dollars, provided how- ever this provision shall not be construed to affect apprentices in the millinery trade. This contract shall extend beyond the period of time above mentioned at the rnntnal will of both parties; if either party desires to terminate this agreement at the expiration of said time it shall give six months written notice to that effect, and the same notice for a, termination at any time, subsequent to said time. Parties of the Second part agree that no member of Local 605 above referred to, shall suffer any loss of wages on account of this agreement. Parties of the Second part agree that they will not use Trading Stamps. Parties of the First part agree to advise all labor organizations in the City of Brockton, State of Massachusetts of the action of the Second parties signing this agreement, and It is fuetheb ageeed by all parties, that the interests of each shall be mutually taken care of and advanced, and that any violation of the foregoing stipulations shall be sufScient cause for the surrender of the Union Store Card. Eetail Clerks' iNTEaNATiONAL Pbotectivb Association. By President. Recording Secretary, Local 605. B7 196 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. CLERKS — GEOCEBY AND PEOVISION. Agreement between Grocery and Provision Dealers and Lynn Grocery and Pro- vision Clerks' Association, November 1, 1911, to November 1, WIS. This agreement, mutually entered into this first day of November, A.D. 1911, by and between the Lynn Grocery and Provision Clerks' Association, through their authorized agents, , President, and , Secre- tary of the Lynn Grocery and Provision Clerks' Association, of the City of Lynn and State of Massachusetts, as parties of the first part, and of the City of Lynn and State of Massachusetts, as part of the second part. WITNESSETH: That said parties of the first part in consideration of the covenants, agreements hereinafter mentioned and mutually agreed upon by all parties, to be kept, done, and performed, do hereby lease for the period of one year to the said part of the second part. The Lynn Grocery and Provision Clerks' Association Store Card, the property of and issued by The Lynn Grocery and Provision Clerks' Association. Part of the second part agree to retain in employ only mem- bers, or those if eligible who will become members within 30 days from the date of their employment, of The Lynn Grocery and Provision Clerks' Association. It is further understood and agreed that the hours during which the parties of the first part shall be required to work for the part of the second part, shaU be as follows, except as otherwise hereinafter provided: Aetiole I. Weekdays. — Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, not later than 6.30 P.M. Thursday, not later than 12.30 p.m. Friday, not later than 7 p.m. Saturday, not later than 9.30 p.m. If any of the parties of the first part are required by the part. . . .of the se«ond part to go to work before 6.30 a.m., such parties of the first part shall be allowed time out for breakfast equivalent to the length of time before 6.30 A.M. that they are required to work. Aetiole II. SoUdays. — No work shall be performed by parties of the first part on the following holidays: Thanksgiving, Christmas, 1911, Washington's Birthday, Patriots' Day, Memorial Day, Bunker Hill Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, and Columbus Day, 1912. In Thanksgiving week in the year 1911, the parties of the first part shall work the Tuesday and Wednesday evening before Thanksgiving until 9.30 p.m. In the week preceding Christmas in the year 1911 the parties of the first part shall work Thursday until 6.30 p.m., also Friday and Saturday evenings until 9.30 p.M. The parties of the first part shall work until 12.30 p.m., Thursday, December 28, 1911; until 9.30 p.m., Wednesday, February 21, 1912, Thursday, April 18, 1912, and Wednesday, May 29, 1912; until 12.30 p.m., Thursday, June 20, 1912; until 9.30 P.M., Wednesday, July 3, 1912; until 12.30 p.m., Thursday, September 5, 1912; until 6.30 P.M., Thursday, October 10, 1912; until 9.30 p.m., Friday, October 11, 1912. Akticlb III. Overtime. — It is understood and agreed that all work required of the parties of the first part by the part of the second part other than herein provided, shall be deemed to be overtime work, and be paid for at the rate of 30 cents an hour. I^'^e P^''* 0* tlie second part also agree that the agents of said association may call on the clerks and transact necessary business with them pertaining to Part III.] COLLECTR^ AGREEjNIENTS. 197 Clerks — Grocery and Provision, said association, during business hours, on any day except Saturday and days before holidays. It is further agreed by the parties, that the interests of each shall be mutually taken eare of and advanced and that any violation by the part of the second part of the foregoing stipulations shall be sufficient cause for the surrender of the Association Store Card. And upon demand of said association, through its authorized agents, said party of the second part hereby agrees to surrender said card after such violation. This agreement expires at 12 o'clock noon, November 1, 1912. The Lynn Gbocert axd Provision Cleeks' Association. Parties of the first part. Part of the second part. COUPOSITOSS.i Agreement hetween Boston Daily Papers and Typographical Union No. 13 of Boston. — In effect November 16, 1911. Peices and Ageeement. Section 1. — In offices where typesetting or typecasting machines are used none but journeymen members of Typographical Union No. 13, shall be employed as printers, foremen, make-ups, operators, proof-readers, copy-holders, copy-cutters, bankmen and machine-tenders employed on typesetting, typecasting or composing machines. Sours of Work. Section S. — All work, whether done by machine or hand, shall be on a time basis, as follows: Not less than forty-two hours shall constitute a week's work. Not less than six nor more than eight hours shall constitute a day's work or a night's work. All regulars shall be scheduled weekly. All hours over eight in one day or one night, or over forty-two in one week, shall be counted as overtime. All time shall belong to the office for any work pertaining to the composing room. Sunday Day WorTc. Section S. — A day's work on Sunday shall consist of six consecutive hours, excepting lunch time, which shall not exceed thirty minutes and shall not be counted as office time. The hours for Sunday day work shall be between 7 a.m. and 6 p.m. The pay shall be the same as for seven hours of regular time. When a member works in one office Saturday night and Sunday day or Sunday day and Sunday night, the Sunday day work shall be paid for at double price. Night Work. Section 4. — The hours of night work shall be between 5 p.m. and 5 a.m. The pay for work done during night hours shall be not less than sixty-seven cents per hour. J Also includes foremen, make-ups, operators, proof-readera, copy-holders, copy-cutters, bankmen, and machine-tenders. 198 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Compositors. Bay Work. Section S. — The hours of day work shall be between 7.30 a.m. and 6.30 p.m. The pay for work done during day hours shall be not less than sixty-three cents per hour. Lobster Shift. Section 6. — When necessary, owing to the exigencies of business, there may be arranged a special shift of seven hours extending from day to night or from night to day. The pay for such work shall be seventy-two cents per hour. Overtime Bate. Section 7. — Overtime shall be paid for at the rate of eighty-two cents per hour for day work, and eighty-seven cents per hour for night work. Lunch. Section 8. — The hours of labor shall be continuous, with the exception of an intermission of not less than thirty minutes nor more than forty-five minutes for lunch, which shall not be counted as office time. No member of the union shall be kept at work more than six hours without lunch time. When two hours of overtime have been worked after the regular schedule and six hours have elapsed since the previous lunch a second lunch time shall be allowed. At least fifteen minutes must be allowed for lunch, and where less than thirty minutes are allowed it shall be counted as office time. Extras and Substitutes. Section 9. — Extra help when employed for not more than three days in one week shall be given not less than seven consecutive hours each day (except as provided for luncheon). An extra's hours may be extended from day to night, or from night to day, but in such case his pay shall be at the night rate. When more than three days are worked by an extra, the hours may be regulated as provided for in Sections 2 and 8. On extra work all hours over eight in one day, or over forty-two in one week, shall be counted as overtime. Section 10. — No employee of the cdmposing room who desires to lay off shall be compelled to work when a competent substitute can be had. Employees shall put on their own substitutes from the floor of the office. The foreman shall be the judge of the competency of the substitute. Overtime. Section 11. — When a member accumulates a full day's overtime in a newspaper office he shall take a day off within the next financial week and put on a substi- tute. No member working in the chapel is exempt from taking his overtime off except the superintendent, the foreman of each shift and desk ad. men on each shift. Section IS. — Notice that overtime is required shall be given within ten minutes after "Good day" or "Good night" has been called. Otherwise, one dollar in addition to regular overtime shall be paid. Matrices, Cuts and Fick-wps. Section IS. — All type matter in local financial, local amusement or local retail store advertising, when mats or plates are furnished the office instead of copy, Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 199 Compositors, shall be set within three working days of publication. It is understood that this rule does not apply to advertising of general advertisers who sell their product through their own branch stores in this and other cities. No paper shall give or transfer a matrix of an advertisement other than a cut, and then only to signers of this scale. No matter used in the columns of a paper using machines shall be transferred or sold to any other newspaper office, and no work shall be done for any office on strike. Section 14. — The office is entitled to aU " pick-ups " of any character whatso- ever. Matter once paid for shall always remain the property of the office. " Kill " marks shall not deprive the office of "pick-ups." Machine Apprentices and Tenders. Section 15. — No person shall be eligible as an apprentice on machines who is not a journeyman printer and a member of Typographical TJnion No. 13. The term of apprenticeship on the machines shall be twelve consecutive weeks, and the compensation sixteen dollars per week. When the product is not used members may learn to operate without learners' wages. Section 16. — The machine-tender shall have no control over the operator. Discharge and Discrimination. Section 17. — No office giving out extra work shall discriminate against com- petent members of the union making application. No member who has been discharged for cause shall be eligible for work, except at option of office. Section 18. — The foreman shall be the judge of the competency and general fitness of any member applying for work. Beinstatements. Section 19. — Where discharges are made by foremen, and the action of the chapel embraces reinstatement, a conference shaU be had between representatives of Typographical Union, No. 13, and representatives of the business management of the paper affected for the purpose of reaching an understanding. If no settle- ment is reached at this conference, the case shall take its regular course. Section SO. — Any situation holder absenting himself from work for a period of ninety days shall be forthwith notified by the foreman through the chairman that failure to return to work within ten days from date of such notice wiU vacate his situation. He shall not be eligible for another ninety-day absence until after he has worked sixteen continuous regular working days. This section shall not apply in cases of iUness or the performance of work for the union. Interpretation. Section SI. — Any question regarding the interpretation of any section under this scale shall be referred for settlement to a joint committee of publishers and union, it being the intent of this section that each section of the scale shall be interpreted alike in all offices. Term of Agreement. Section SS. — This agreement shall be for one year from November 16, 1911, and thereafter continuous, running from year to year, and can only be changed 200 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Compositors, by the Boston Daily Newspaper Association, or any individual newspaper, or Typo- graphical Union, No. 13, giving written notice of any proposed change, including details, sixty (60) days prior to November 15, of any year, such changes to take effect on November 16th. Apprentices. (a) Apprentices shall serve four years at the trade, at the end of which time they shall be classed as journeymen and receive journeymen's wages. During the last three years of their apprenticeship they must be employed at the case and be instructed in the intricate work of the office where they are employed, such as setting ads., etc.; excepting the last six months of said apprenticeship, which time shall be devoted exclusively to work on linotype or typesetting or typecasting devices in use in the office in which said apprentice is employed. During the last year of his apprenticeship he shall receive two-thirds of the regular scale. Any product of apprentice may be used by the office. (6) One apprentice to every fifteen journeymen or majority fraction thereof, the number of apprentices in any office not to exceed four. Provided, that when an apprentice enters his fourth year the office may employ another apprentice. (c) The foreman and chairman of each newspaper office shall examine and pass upon the qualifications of prospective apprentices in their individual office before registration. ((J) No apprentice shall be allowed to work overtime. (e) Each apprentice shall take the I. T. U. technical course of instruction during the last year of his apprenticeship. One-half of the cost of the course shall be paid by the apprentice and one-half by the union. (/) Office boys (not registered apprentices) may be employed, but shall not set or distribute type, make up type matter or forms, lead or unlead matter, correct proofs or operate machines. They may, if otherwise qualified, be registered as apprentices when vacancies occur. Arbitration. All differences arising under this scale or the interpretation of any clause or clauses of it and differences relative to a new agreement shall be settled in accord- ance with the arbitration agreement between the American Newspaper Publishers' Association and the International Typographical Union. The foregoing scale, agreed to by the Boston Publishers, representing The Bos- ton Globe Newspaper Company, Boston Herald Incorporated, Evening Traveler Company, Journal Newspaper Company, Post Publishing Company, and Advertiser Newspaper Company is hereby signed in duplicate by the authorized officers of the various newspaper corporations and by the President of Typographical Union No. 13 duly authorized to represent that organization. Boston Ttpogeaphical Union, by President. Advertiser Newspaper Co., by Publisher. The Globe Newspaper Co., by Treasurer. Boston Herald Incorporated, by Assistant Treasurer. Journal Newspaper Co., by Treasurer. Post Publishing Co., by President. Evening Traveler Co., by Treasurer. New England Newspaper Publishing Co.,^ by Treaswer. 1 Provision as to arbitration left open. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 201 COMPOSITOBS. Agreement between Ttrnfmi Tjipni' hr t iT: and Boston Typographical Union No. IS. — In effect Novemier 1, 1909. ""^ BOOK AND JOB SCALE. Aeticle I. Section 1. — Compositors (which term shall include all journeymen employed in the composing room, with the exception of linotype machine operators and machinists) employed by the week shall receive not less than nineteen dollars per week of 48 hours beginning November 1, 1909, and extending until September 30, 1910. After that date, and extending untU September 30, 1911, not less than twenty dollars. Sec. S. — Eight hours shall constitute a day's work; provided, that chapels may, by agreement with employers arrange for shortening the day on Saturday. Not more than one hour shaU be made up in any one day for this purpose. AH work in excess of above shall be overtime. See. S. — The hours of labor shall be between 7.30 a.m. and 6.00 p.m., and shall be continuous, with the exception of the lunch time, which shall not be less than one-half hour nor more than one hour in length. Sec. 4. — Any member, when employed for three days a week or less, shall be paid at the rate of forty-five cents per hour, and shall receive not less than a day's work of eight hours. Sec. S. — Any member working less than a full week in an ofSce whose em- ployes work more than eight hours a day to make up the Saturday half holiday shaU be paid overtime for all time worked in excess of eight hours in any one day. Sec. 6. — All work done after regular hours of labor shall be paid for at the rate of time and one-half. After 12 o'clock midnight untU 7.30 a.m., double time. All Simday and legal holiday (which shall include June 17) work shall be paid for at the rate of double time for day and ninety cents per hour for night work. See, 7. — Any employe who is laid off at any time shall receive all money due him immediately. Sec. S. — AH wages shall be paid weekly and in cash. Sec. 9. — Compositors working overtime after the regular schedule hours of the office shall be granted one-half hour for supper. Such half hour shall be paid for as overtime. Sec. 10. — No member of Boston Typographical TJnion shall be compelled to work in an unsanitary composing room. Sec. 11. — Any employe who, by reason of advanced years or other causes, may not be capable of producing an average amount of work, may, by agreement be- tween the foreman and union, be employed at a less price than is called for by this scale. Article H. Machine WorTc. Section i. — Operators and machinists employed on linotype machines shall receive not less than twenty-one dollars per week of 48 hours beginning November 1, 1909, and extending until September 30, 1910. After that date, and extending until September 30, 1911, not less than twenty-two dollars. Operators called off machines to perform other work shall receive machine rates when such services are for less than one week. 202 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Compositors. Sec. g. — Sections 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10 of Article I of this scale shall apply to machine work. Sec. 3. — CompositoTS taken from the case to learn the operation of machines shall receive 'not less than twelve dollars per week for ten weeks while so learning. At the expiration of such time they shall receive full rate. Sec. 4. — On monotype work, members of the union must be in charge of casters on every shift. Sec. B. — In all machine oiSees where operators are employed for three days or less in any one week they shall receive not less than fifty-five cents per hour for services rendered. Sec. 6. — Overtime shall be paid for at rate of time and one-half. Sundays and all legal holidays (which shall include June 17) double time. Sec. 7. — Work performed by a regular night force between the hours of 5.30 P.M. and 7.30 a.m. shall be paid for at the rate of fifty-eight cents per hour; 42 hours constituting a week's work. All over 42 hours shall be overtime. Other- wise, all work done after the regular hours of labor shall be paid for at the rate of time and one-half. After 12 o'clock midnight until 7.30 a.m. at the rate of double time. Article III. Apprentices. Section 1. — Apprentices shall be limited as follows: In all offices (except daily newspapers, which shall be as per agreement between publishers and this Union) employing one man and under ten, one; ten men and under fifteen, two; fifteen men and under thirty, three; thirty men and under forty, fow; but in no case shall there be more than five in any office, unless the senior apprentice be in the last year of his apprenticeship. Sec. S. — When an apprentice has served three years at the business, and becomes a " conditional " member, another apprentice may be employed in the office where such apprentice is employed. Sec. 3. — It shall be the duty of the foreman and members to teach apprentices the printing business, and the duty of Chairmen to see that this is done; and an apprentice may appeal to the Executive Committee if he deems an injustice is done him. COMPOSITOBS. International Arbitration Agreement "between the American Newspaper Fub- lishers' Association General Chairman B. S. T. I General Secretary B. B. T. For the Eailroad: t General Superintendent. For the Yardmen: 1 General Chairman B. S. T. J General Secretary B. B. T. COOKS AND WAITERS. Agreement between Employers and Sotel and Bestaurant Employees' Inter- national Alliance, Local No. 161, of Brockton, October 3, 1911, to October S, 1913. Agreement made and entered this day of in the year by and between of in the County of Plymouth, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, party of the first part, and Hotel and Restau- rant Employees' International Alliance of America, Local 161, of Brockton, Mass., party of the second part. Agreed. First. — That the undersigned agree to employ only members in good stand- ing of Local 161, Brockton, Mass., whenever possible. Second. — To display the label in a conspicuous place. Third. — That the said label remain the property of Local 161, Brockton, Mass., and to be subject to return on demand. Fourth. — Agree to all terms contained in Scale of Wages and Hours, adopted by aforesaid local, August 17, 1911, to take efEect October 3, 1911, at 12, night, expiring October 2, 1913, at 12, night. Scale of Hotjks and Wages. Article 1. — That a waiter shall not work more than 65 hours a week, and shall not receive less than $12 a week and board. Article S. — That a waitress shall not work more than 58 hours a week, and receive not less than $7 a week and board. Article 3. — That a first man cook shall work no more than 70 hours a week, and receive not less than $15 a week and board. Article 4. — That a night man or order cook shall not work more than 84 hours a week, and receive not less than $12 g, week and board. Article 5. — A cook's day assistant, male or female, not less than $10 a week and board; the man to work not more than 70 hours a -week, the woman not more than 58 hours a week. Article 6. — That a first woman cook shall not work more than 58 hours a week, and receive not less than $12 a week, and board. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 229 Cooks and Walters. Article 7. — That a woman meat and order cook, or woman meat and pastry vook, shall not work more than 58 hours a week, and shall not receive less than $12 a week and board. Article 8. — Woman pastry cook shall not work more than 58 hours a week, and shaU receive not less than $9 a week and board. Article 9. — Man pastry cook to work no more than 70 hours a week, and to receive not less than $15 a week and board, provided that said work and man does not conflict with the schedule of the Bakers' Union. Article 10. — Woman dishwasher to work no more than 58 hours a week, and to receive no less than $6 a week and board. Article 11. — That all' employees working any spare time shall be paid 25 cents every hour or fraction thereof. Article IS. — Kitchen men shall work no more than 70 hours a week, and shall receive not less than $7 a week and board. Article IS. — A pantry man or pantry woman ; the man to work no more than 70 hours, the woman 58 hours a week, and to receive not less than $10 a week and board. Article 14. — That members of this local shall be given preference of work at all times, and the proprietor shall show why a member should not be employed, and he shall consult the business agent before employiug non-union help. Article IS. — That no member of this local shall be discharged except for just cause shown by the proprietor to this local, or discharged member stating cause was just. Article 16. — That no employee working at any other craft shall work spare time except in cases of emergency. Article 17. — Any employee working for meals shall work only between the hours of 12 A.M. and 1 p.m. Article IS. — That a day or night waiter, waitress, or cook, shall work his or her full time between 14 consecutive hours his or her each day or night. Any employee working outside these hours shall receive spare time rates. Article 19. — Members rooming where employed shall not be charged more than $1 a week, except by mutual agreement. Article SO. — To be added second holiday. Some holiday in the year when the proprietors can arrange to run not more than two places on that day in one year's time. Labor Day shall be considered a holiday, and all employees working a full day or part of a day to receive double pay. Article SI. — That the business agent of this local has the right at any time to enter a place of business and consult employees. Article SS. — Members receiving better conditions than the above scale of wages shall not be reduced unless by mutual agreement. Article SS. — All day members shall have one day off in 14, or one-half day off in seven. Article S4. — All night members shall have one night off in 14, or one-half night off in seven. Article S5. — Any member of this local commit'ting themselves in any way, while at work, if reported in writing to the local, action shall be taken thereon and said member be suspended or expelled as the case may warrant. Article S6. — That I, as an employer, before hiring permanently an employee, will state to said hand that they must obtain a Clearance Card from the business 230 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Cooks and Walters, agent to be deposited with me, duplicate of said card to be held by business agent. Article S7. — That any violation of these articles be deemed a breach of con- tract and sufficient ground for withdrawing card. Date Signed In Witness Whereof, we have this day set our hands and the seal of our organization. President. Business Agent. Local 161, BrooMon, Mass. CUTTING DIE AND CUTTEB MAKERS. Agreement between Employers and Local No. 304, International Union of Cutting Die and Cutter Makers of America, of Lynn. — In effect January 1, 1911. Agreement entered into this first day of January, 1911, by and between Die and Cutter Manufacturer of hereinafter known as Employer, and Cutting Die and Cutter Makers tTnion hereinafter known as Union, Witnesseth: Aeticle I. It is agreed that none but members of above named Union, in good standing, shall be employed at our craft, except one man who shall be known as the Employer, who has full power to hire and discharge help. Article II. All Stockholders employed in a firm or corporation working at this craft must belong to the Union. Article III. That Representatives of said Union shall have access to the factory during the noon hour, only if provided with the proper credentials. Article IV. There shall be a shop Steward in each factory, appointed by the Union, who shall be the intermediator between the Employer and the Employee in matters pertaining to the Union. Article V. Any member becoming expelled from the Union shall be discharged upon re- quest of the Local Union. Article VI. That forty-eight (48) hours shall constitute a week's work and that no shop shall be allowed to work more than five (5) of the forty-eight (48) hours on Saturday, the rest of the week to be decided by the Local. All hours over the regular working hours shall be called overtime. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 231 Cutting Die and Cutter Makers. Aeticlb VII. That time and one-half shall be paid for overtime and double time for Sundays and Legal ^ Holidays, but under no circumstances will the members be allowed to work on Labor Day. Article VIII. At all times work must be divided equally in the respective branches of the trade as near as possible, between all men working in the shop. Article IX. All conditions of Labor which cannot be mutually agreed upon by the parties of this agreement shall be submitted for settlement to the Local Executive Board; however, if the trouble cannot be settled satisfactory to both parties the International Union shall be empowered to act according to Constitution. Article X. No piece-work shall be allowed and no individual member agreement shall be made or renewed between the Employer and the Employee. Article XI. No person shall be allowed to work at the craft by this Union for less than Ten Dollars ($10.00) per week of forty-eight (48) hours. Article XII. A sympathetic strike to protect Union principles shall not be construed as a violation of this agreement. Article xni. That one Apprentice under sixteen (16) years of age shall be allowed for each ten journeymen employed in a shop. Article XIV. The Employer shall not be allowed to work more hours than the schedule in- serted in Contract to produce dies and he shall not be allowed to work on dies when the members are laid off. Article XV. This Agreement shall remain in force indefinitely. If either party wishes to annul or amend this Contract, they shall give a written notice of thirty days to the other party. By For the Employer. [seal.] By For the Union. 232 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Cutting Die and Cutter Makers. Amendment to Articles 1 and S of Contract. It is agreed that none but members of above named Union in good standing, shall be employed at our craft in the firm known as except ■who shall be known by Local No as the Employers. All men working in the shop except the above named shall belong to the Union. ELECTBICAL WORKERS. Agreement hetween Employers and Local S77, International Brotherhood of Electrical WorTcers of America {A. F. of L.) of Lynn. — In effect May 1, 1910. Agreement made and entered this day. of in the year. by and between of in the County of Essex and Com- monwealth of Massachusetts, party of the first part and Electrical Workers Local No. 377 of Lynn, party of the second part; agreed — First. — Agree to all terms contained in scale of wages and hours adopted by aforesaid Local, March 7th, 1910, to take efEect May 1st, 1910, expiring May 1st, 1912. SCALE OF HOURS AND WAGES. Article I. The hours of labor shall be eight hours per day between the hours 7.30 a.m. and 4.30 p.m. All labor performed on Sundays or legal holidays shall be paid for at a double rate of wages. Overtime shall be time and one half up to 10 o'clock. After 10 p.m. double time. Article II. Each employer is entitled to one helper for each Journeyman employer. Article III. In going from shop to his work and from work to shop, each workman shall receive from his employer the necessary car fare and shall be paid for time consumed on said trips in Lynn. Article IV. Wages shall be as follows: — Journeymen Three Dollars and fifty cents ($3.50) per day; helpers One Dollar and fifty cents ($1.50) for first year. Second year helpers Two Dollars ($2.00) per day. Article "V. All workmen employed outside the City, if not notified by employer the pre- vious night, the noon meal shall be paid for by the employer. Article VI. All Journeymen shall furnish all necessary tools to perform inside electrical work except 11-16 bits and all bits over one inch in diameter and all drills and all tools for conduit work. Part III.] COLLECTIVT: AGREE]\IENTS. 233 Electrical Workers. Aeticle vn. All jobs in Lynn, more than one day on same job, men shall begin work at 7.30 A.M. and quit at 4.30 p.m. All out of town work, workmen shaU be aUowed time one way. All stock shall be ordered the night before to avoid all unnecessary delays on job. Article Vm. Saturday afternoon off year around; one man to stay on Saturday afternoon; if more than one man double time must be paid for all men over one. ■SVorkmen shall not be allowed to do any outside work other than contracted by employer. Men shall be allowed time to report at shop; pay day at regular quitting time. No helper shall be allowed to do Journeymen's work when Journeymen are available. In witness thereof, the parties hereto have caused this agreement to be signed by their duly authorized agent on the day of March, 1910. On the part of the Employer. On the part of the Union. ENGINEERS — STEAM. Agreement "between Boston Brewers and Local Union No. 16, International Union of Steam Engineers. — In effect March 1, 1908. Abticle 1. All engineers employed shall be members in good standing of Engineers' ITnion 16 of Boston. Aeticle 2. Eight consecutive hours shaU constitute a day's or a, night's work. Except when making the regular shift of watches, each engineer shall be allowed 16 hours off duty after completing one wateh and before beginning another one. No wat<;h shall begin or end between 12 o'clock midnight and 7.00 a.m. Aeticle 3. Six days or nights shall constitute a week's work, the seventh day or night may be worked or not at the election of the employer, providing that 48 hours' notice of the decision be given to the engineer whose services are so required. The seventh day or night, if worked, shaU be deemed overtime, and shall be paid for at the rate of single time. Each engineer shall have an equal share of the benefit of the six-day week. Aeticle 4. While there is in operation any engine, pump, dynamo, compressor or motor, with the single exception of the boiler feed pump, an engineer shall be on duty. Aeticle 5. One engineer in each brewery shall be designated as Chief Engineer. His duties and rights are defined in Article 7. 234 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P- D- 15. Engineers — Steam. Aeticle 6. Engineers shall do all ordinary repair work on boilers, engines, shafting, belting and piping, providing, however, that such work does not conflict with the trade rules of any other trade organization. Abticlb 7. The Chief Engineer shall have charge of the operation and care of the steam and mechanical department of the plant. All orders or instructions to assistant engineers, firemen, or other workmen in his department shall be given by the Chief Engineer. No alterations or repairs shall be made in these departments except under the supervision of the Chief Engineer. Aeticle 8. While standing a watch, no engineer shall be required to do any work outside of his trade, especially the preparing of water for brewing, or the performance of watchman's duties, nor shaJl he be required to do any work that shall take him away from the engine room for a space of more than 15 minutes at a time. The Chief Engineer's judgment as to the frequency of these intervals shall he final. Article 9. No engineer shall be required or allowed to do any work in any brewery other than the one in which he is regularly employed, during a watch. Aeticle 10. Wages shall be paid weekly. Chief Engineers shall be paid $28.00 per week of six days. Assistant engineers shall be paid $21.00 per week of six days or nights. Aeticle 11. Except as provided for in Article 3, no overtime shall be worked, except in case of emergency, and it shall be paid for at the rate of double time. Article 12. In case of the prolonged illness of any engineer, his position shall be held open for him for three months. If he does not report for work in that time, he shall be entitled to employment before all others whenever a vacancy shall occur. It is understood that if the sick man is an assistant engineer, he shall be entitled to, as above described, a position equal in rating to his former place, and not to a position as Chief Engineer should such a vacancy occur. Article 13. Assistant engineers shall change watches once in four weeks, or at such other periods as all the assistants working in each plant may agree upon with their employers. Aeticle 14. Each engineer discharged shall be given a hearing if he requests the same, by the employer, whose decision shall not be subject to arbitration. At such hearing, representatives of Engineers' Union 16 may be present. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREE:\IEXTS. 235 Engineers — Steam. Abticle 15. In ease of gTierance or differences between the employer and Engineers' Union 16 on any matter not expressly covered by articles in this agreement, the matter shall be laid before an arbitration committee, consisting of five members, two of whom shall be appointed by the employer, one of the two so appointed shall not be in any way interested in the brewing industry, two shall be appointed by Engineers' Union 16, and one of the two so appointed shall not be a member of any national or international union the members of which are employes of breweries. The fifth man shall be selected by the four men appointed as above, and he shall not be in any way interested in the brewing industry, nor be a member of any labor organization. The case may, by mutual consent, be submitted to the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitra- tion, and both parties to the agreement shall abide by the decision of said committee or said State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration. Pending the settlement of any dispute by arbitration, no strike or lock-out shall be declared, except as provided for in Article 7. Abticue 16. Services done by employes in the interest and for the benefit of the union, except when it interferes with the duties of the employe, shall not be deemed cause for discrimination or discharge. Members appointed on committees for the union shall be relieved by the other engineers on the plant. Article 17. This agreement shall go into effect on March 1st, 1908, and remain in force until March 1st, 1909, and continue in force and effect from year to year there- after, unless notice of a desire to terminate the agreement shall be given by either party to the same, at least three months before the 1st of March of any year. At the time of filing such notice, specifications of proposed new agree- ment or changes in the old one shall accompany the notice. Engineers' Union 16, President. Vice-President. (In force January 1, 1908.) (Signed March 4, 1908.) Boston Brewers' Association, (Signed March 10, 1908.) (Signed March 12, 1908.) Any member violating any of the provisions of this agreement shall be fined $50.00. Adopted March 20, 1908. President. Secretary. 236 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. FIEEHEN — STATIONARY. Agreement between Coal Dealers and Local No. S, International Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen, of Boston, Cambridge, and Vicinity. — In effect March, 1908. Articles of agreement entered into this by and between Coal Company, and hereinafter designated as the employer and Local Union No. 3 of International Brotherhood of Station- ary Firemen, a Labor Organization of Boston, Cambridge and vicinity, party to second part, and hereinafter designated as the Local. First. — Nine (9) hours shall constitute a day's work from 7 a.m. to 12 o'clock noon, and from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. except Saturday, when work shall cease at 12 o'clock, noon, from April 1st to November 1st and at 4 p.m. from Nov. 1 to April Ist. Second. — All work performed outside of above hours shall be paid for as " overtime " at the following rate, 50 cents per hour. Third. — All regular employed Firemen shall be paid for all Holidays, and there shall be no "broken time" unless voluntary on the part of the Firemen. Fourth. — All Firemen when ordered to work at night at wharf shaU be allowed (1) one hour for supper, (1) one hour at midnight and (1%) one and one-half hours for breakfast. Fifth. — All regular employed Firemen shall receive not less than sixteen (16) dollars per week. Sixth. — All regular employed Firemen running Hoisting Engines, Conveyers, Sawing Machines, " pick-ups ", " scrapers ", Electrical Towers, shall be paid not less than (18) eighteen dollars per week. Seventh. — No Firemen shall go to wharves other than those of the Company they are employed by to perform any labor. Eighth. — Transient Firemen acting in the capacity of Holsters, Trolley-men, or Firemen shall receive (5) five dollars per day, and (6) six dollars a night, no hourly work considered. Ninth. — Transient Firemen employed running one-man or electrical towers shall receive (6) six dollars per day and (7) seven dollars per night, no hourly work considered. Tenth. — Members of Local 3 International Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen shall be given the preference of work. Eleventh. — In case of grievances or differences between the employer and employees, on any matter except the discharging of men and other cases not expressly covered by articles in this agreement, the matter shall be laid before an arbitration committee consisting of five members, two of whom shall be appointed by the employer, and one of the two so appointed shall not be in any way interested in the coal industry; two shall be appointed by the em- ployees, and one of the two so appointed shall not be a member of a national or international union, the members of which are employees of coal companies, the fifth man shall be selected by the four men appointed as above and shall not be in any way interested in the coal industry or be a member of any labor organization. Or the case may be by mutual consent submitted to the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration, and both employer and employees shall abide by the decision of said committee or said State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration. Pending the settlement of any dispute by arbitration no strike or lockout shall be declared. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 237 Firemen — Stationary. Twelfth. — This Agreement shall remain in force until and continue annually unless notice has been given by either party three months be- fore in each year, and at the time of serving such notice specifications of the proposed changes shall be submitted. Agreement between Boston Brewers' Association and Locals Nos. 3 and S4Z, International Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen. — In effect March IS, 1908. Article I. — All firemen employed in the breweries shall be members in good standing of Local Unions No. 3 and 242 of Boston of the International Brother- hood of Stationary Firemen. Art. II. — Foremen where three or more are employed shall work six days or six nights each week, eight consecutive hours to be a day or night's work. All firemen to alternate. This does not apply to extra men. Art. III. — Pay-day shall be weekly. Art. IV. — In case of prolonged sickness of any fireman he shall be entitled to employment in his former capacity when he is able to perform his duties, provided he reported within three months. Art. V. — In all plants where continuous steam is kept on the boiler or boilers there shall at all times be a fireman kept on watch in the fire room. Art. VI. — A fireman's duty shall be the generation of steam in the boUer or boilers in the plant where employed. Firemen shall be given assistance to clean out back connection during his eight-hour watch. He shaU not be com- pelled to do any work other than that pertaining to the work of the boUer room, but in case of accident or some unforeseen emergency, he shall give all the assistance that the nature of the case may be. Art. VII. — When a vacancy occurs in any brewery, any member in good standing of Locals No. 3 and 242 of the International Brotherhood of Station- ary Firemen may be employed to fill such vacancy. Art. VIII. — All firemen shall alternate at such periods as a majority of them may agree upon with the approval of the employer, provided such periods do not exceed a month's duration. Art. IX. — In case of grievances or differences between the employer and employees, on any matter except the discharging of men and other cases not ex- pressly covered by articles in this agreement, the matter shall be laid before an arbitration committee consisting of five members, two of whom shall be appointed by the employer, and one of the two so appointed shall not be in any way inter- ested in the brewing industry; two shall be appointed by the employees, and one of the two so appointed shall not be a member of a national or international union, the members of which are employees of breweries; the fifth man shall be selected by the four men appointed as above and shall not be in any way inter- ested in the brewing industry or be a member of any labor organization. Or the case may be by mutual consent submitted to the State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration, and both employer and employees shall abide by the decision of said committee or said State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration. Pending the settlement of any dispute by arbitration no strike or lockout shall be declared. Art. X — Firemen shaU be paid at the rate of $2.86 per day for each of the six days or nights, all time work over eight hours per day to be paid at the rate of fifty cents (50c) per hour. 238 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D- 15. Firemen — Stationary. Art. XJT. — Service done by employees in the interest of and for the benefit of the Unions, except where it interferes with the duty of the employee, shall not be cause for discrimination or discharge. Art. XII. — This contract is to remain in force until March 1st, 1909, and continue annually unless notice has been given by either party three months be- fore the first of March in each year, and at the time of serving such notice specifications of the proposed changes shall be submitted. Art. XIII. — Firemen who are officers of the Unions shall be allowed to change watches with partners so they can attend meetings of the Unions and perform duties pertaining to such office; those appointed on committees to have the same privilege. Art. XIV. — All firemen to change watches at 7 a.m., 3 p.m. and 11 p.m.; this does not apply to extra men. Art. XV. — All material that is to be burned in the furnace shall be placed in front of the boilers. For the Boston Brewers' Association. President, For Local Unions No. 3 and 242. For the I. B. of S. F. Signed March 18. GOODYEAR OPERATORS. Agreement between Employers and Goodyear Operator^ Independent Union of Lynn. Agreement entered into this day of between the Goodyear Operators' Independent Union of Lynn, Mass. and the firm of The Union and the party of the second part do hereby pledge themselves to the strict observance of the several articles herein contained. Article I. The present prices are to remain inviolate during the life of this agreement. Article II. The party of the second part agrees to give preference of employment to members of this Union, but may upon application to this Union, teach apprentices, if the Union is unable to supply skilled operators. Said apprentices shall not be solicited to join the Union until after six months, so as to determine the effl- cieney of said apprentices. Article III. Grievances arising from any cause shall be adjusted by a representative of this Union and party of the second part. If they can not reach an agreement, the dispute shall be referred for settlement to a board of three competent citizens of Lynn, one to be selected by the Union, one to be selected by the Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREE:\1ENTS. 239 Goodyear Operators, party of the second part, and the third member shall be selected by the first two. There shall be no stoppage of work or lockout because of any difference arising. The decision of the board shall be final and binding upon both parties to this agreement. CONCI-USION. We, the Goodyear Operators' Independent Union of Lynn, Mass. and do solemnly promise to abide by the several articles herein contained. This agreement shall remain in force from date until We will agree to accept any altera- tions or substitute any other equitable agreement for this one that is acceptable to the majority of the unions and manufacturers of Lynn. This agreement shall remain in full force and operation for the period of one year from the date hereon. GKANITE CUTTERS. Agreement between Granite Manufacturers of Worcester and Worcester Branch of the Granite Cutters' International Association, 1911-1917. Governing the catting of Granite between the Worcester Branch of the G. C. 1. A. and the manufacturers under the jurisdiction of the Worcester Branch of the G. C. I. A. It is hereby mntnally agreed between the Worcester branch of the G. C. I. A. and the employers of granite cutters in Worcester, Mass., and vicinity, that the following regulations shall govern Granite Cutters from May 1, 1912, until May 1, 1917, or longer as per clause 27 in this agreement. (1) The wages of Granite Cutters on building and monumental work to be 42 cents per hour minimum until May 1, 1916, and from May 1, 1916, to May 1, 1917, the miTiiTnTmi wages shall be 50 cents per hour minimnm. (This agree- ment as to rate for fifth year is made with the understanding that it is to be binding only as long as sections 200 and 213 of the 1912 revised constitution of the G. 0. I. A. remain unchanged; and becomes null and void at the time any alterations or revisions are made in these sections.) (2) Eight hours shall constitute a day's work, five days of the week and on Saturdays five hours shall constitute a day's work the year around. (3) The hour of starting to be from 7 A.M. to 8 a.m., one hour for noon, excepting the months of December, January, and February when one-half hour shall be allowed for noon. (4) All work done outside the regular working hours shall be counted as one and one-half for overtime. Double time to be paid for aU work done from the time darkness sets in until day breaks. (5) Double time for Sundays and Holidays named in this agreement. The Holidays recognized are as follows: Decoration Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas. (6) No overtime to be worked vrithout the approval of the adjustment com- mittee and only in cases where a stone is spoiled, delayed in quarrying or re- quired to finish a ear, shall any application for work to be done outside of working hoiirs be considered. (7) Tool sharpeners to receive 42 cents per hour minimum. Fourteen men Bhan constitute a gang, and no extra men. Where a power grindstone is not used twelve men shall constitute a gang. 240 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Qranite Cutters. (8) One surfacing machine to count as four men, four surfacing machines to count as one gang. One pneumatic drill to count as two men. (9) No granite cutter to take a fire to sharpen permanently while there are union sharpeners loafing in the vicinity. (10) A granite cutter who is sharpening temporarily shall not be required to cut granite if he has eight men to sharpen for. (11) Wages to be paid weekly, not more than three days pay to be retained. All workmen discharged to be paid at once in cash. Workmen leaving voluntarily to be paid in money or in bank checks. Workmen to be paid during working hours. (12) Surfacing machines not to be worked in sheds where hand tools are being used during regular working hours. (13) All reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent dust from surfacing machines entering cutting sheds. Workmen shall be protected at all times from the dust from said machines whether in sheds or outside. (14) The use of bumpers shall not be allowed. (15) Men working outside the sheds shall receive 25 cents per day above the indoor rate, unless they have proper covering. Canvas to be proper covering. They must also be put in sheds when it storins. (16) Suitable sheds to be provided for cutters for shelter from sun and rain. (17) One apprentice to be allowed to each gang and an agreement between employer and apprentice to have them serve three years with one firm and that no "improvers" be allowed. One apprentice to be allowed in yards where there is not a full gang employed. (18) All operators of granite cutting and tool sharpening machines shall be members of the G. C. I. A. (19) Operators of surfacing machines to receive 45 cents per hour minimum from May 1, 1912, to May 1, 1916. They shall receive 53 cents per hour from May 1, 1916, to May 1, 1917. A beginner to be allowed one month at the indoor rate of wages. (20) Tool sharpeners' shops shall be properly lighted and ventilated. (21) Sheds shall be properly heated from Nov. 1 to Apr. 1 of each year. (22) All sheds shall be properly ventilated to the satisfaction of the branch. (23) Grindstones not to be turned down in shed where cutters are at work during working hours. (24) Water-closets for workmen shall be kept clean and in a sanitary condition at all times, (25) Cutters shall have the privilege of taking out and putting in cuts in their own bush-hammers. (26) Any dispute arising between employers and employees on the above agreement shall be submitted to a committee, representing employers and employees. There shall be no action taken pending investigation by this com- mittee. (27) This agreement and regulations to take effect May 1, 1912, and continue to May 1, 1917. After that date should either party desire a change three months' notice to be given previous to May 1, 1917, or any year thereafter. Should no notice be given this agreement and regulations to continue from year to year. (28) Polishers and sawyers shall be governed by the same rules as granite cutters. Mininium wage rate for polishers to be 42 cents per hour. Setting beds Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 241 Qranite Cutters, for polishers shall be done by laborers under the supervision of a member of the G. C. I. A. Mi ni mnm wage rate for sawyers to be 42 cents per hour. Two of the men employed on each Chase saw shall be members of the G. C. I. A. and one man on a gang saw shall be a member of the G. C. I. A. It is understood that repairs and changing of the blades on saws can be done outside of the regular working hours ^^ith others not members of the G. C. I. A. INSUI.ATORS AND ASBESTOS WOBEESS. Agreement between Employers and Local No. 6, International Association of Meat and Frost Insulators and Asbestos Worlers, of Boston, January 1, 1911, to January 1, 191S. Agreement and working rules agreed upon this 30th day of September, 1910, between the Employers of the Asbestos Workers and a Committee representing the Asbestos Workers' Union, Local No. 6. Sours of Labor. The regular working hours shall be from 8 a.m. to 12 M. and from 1 P.M. to 5 POi., six days per week the year around. Workmen shaU be on their jobs promptly at the hours above-named, and shaU work full eight hours per day, it being agreed that where it is impossible for the workmen to strictly adhere to these hours, by reason of unusual difficulty in getting to and from the particular job, the facts shall be stated to the employer, and the employer shall make any allowance that seems to him reasonable and proper in the matter of time in such cases. Board. Where board of workmen is paid, the actual price of board is to be paid, but same shall not exceed one dollar per day, with this modification viz: that where reasonable suitable board cannot be obtained by the workmen within this maximum price, then the workman shall notify the employer of the fact, and the employer may authorize the workman to expend such larger sum than one dollar per day as the conditions may require. Overtime. For work after regular hours of labor, Sundays and Legal Holidays, double time shall be paid. HoUdays observed: February 22, May 30, July 4th, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Car Fares. The same arrangement as to payment of ear fares by employer, shall exist as heretofore; in no ease shall such fare be charged by the workman unless aetuaEy paid by him. Traveling. The time properly employed in traveUng during regular working hours shaU be paid single time. No time shall be paid for traveling except during regular working hours. Sate of Wage. The daily wage of journeymen shall be a minimum of $3.50 per day, and the improver at $2.25 per day for the first year. It is understood that the employer 242 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Insulators and Asbestos Workers. will, in so far is possible, give members of the Insulators and Asbestos Workers Union the preference. Location of Workmen. Any workman desiring to locate permanently in some city or town outside of Boston, shall work there without board being paid by employer. Territory. It is understood that this agreement shall be in force in Boston and surrounding territory where the roun.d trip steam railroad fare from the various depots in Boston is less than $1.00. Grievances. Grievances arising between workmen and employers will be settled in conference between the employer and workman directly involved; or reported to a joint committee made up of three members of the Union and three of employers, and the finding of such committee shall be final and binding upon the Union and upon such employer. Joint Committee. A joint committee, consisting of three members of the Union and three of the employers, shall be appointed. This committee may meet once in four months, on the first Monday in the month. Special meetings shall be held when either of the parties hereto makes such request. The majority vote of the committee shall decide all questions, but in case of a tie vote, the deciding vote shall be cast by an umpire. This umpire shall be chosen at the first meeting of the committee, to serve on the committee, when requested, and must be some disinterested, reputable citizen. Time of Agreement. This agreement to take effect January 1st, 1911, and continue to Jan. 1st 1912. Working rules to govern the members of the Asbestos Workers Union, Local No. 6, when working outside the territory set forth in the original agreement. It is understood by the Employers and the Asbestos Workers' Union Local No. 6, that the members of the said Union shall be allowed to work with local asbestos workers outside of said territory, but not with any non-union man whose board and expenses are paid by the employer. It is also understood that the members of Local No. 6 are allowed to work nine hours per day when working outside of said territory, and the employer shall pay for one extra hour besides the minimum wage for 8 hours. Workmen must have orders from the employers to work the extra hour before doing so. Eight hours constitute a day's work for a minimum wage of $3.50 for journey- men and $2.25 for improvers for the first year wherever the work may be located. This agreement and working rules must be strictly lived up to, any violation of same will be punishable according to the laws of the organization. Committee on Working Mules, Part III.] COLLECTR'E AGREEMENTS. 243 LEATHER WORKEBS ON HORSE GOODS. Agreement "between Employers and Local No. 105, United Brotherhood of Leather Workers on Horse Goods, of Boston, AprU 15, 1911, to April 15, 191S. Agreement made and entered into this 15th day of April, 1911, by and be- tween Local 105 of the United Brotherhood of Leather Workers on Horse Goods, an association of employes, party of the first part, and the undersigned, a manu- facturer of harness, saddles, collars and leather horse goods, party of the second part, agree, individually and jointly, upon the following express terms and conditions for harmonious business relations as appertaining to the buying and selling of labor, for the prevention of industrial strife, and for the settlement of all controversies, fairly and equitably, as they arise, when same are not governed by the terms and provisions following: The party of the first part, by its Local Branch No. 105, agrees to furnish to the party of the second part the use of its Union Stamp and Shop Card, without cost, other than a compliance with conditions following: First. — All the employes of the party of the second part employed in the manufacture of leather horse goods must be members of the United Brotherhood of Leather Workers on Horse Goods at the going into effect of this agreement. Second. — That the party of the second part further agrees that he will em- ploy none but members of the aforesaid organization, sind if none such are procurable, wiU only employ such workmen that signify their willingness to join the said United Brotherhood. Third. — The party of the second part agrees to abide by all laws of the aforesaid organization of the party of the first part appertaining to the em- ployment of apprentices, and the requirements exacted of applicants for member- ship, and of employers regarding the use of the Union Stamp and Shop Card. Fourth. — The hours of labor shall be from 7 A.M. to 12 noon, and from 1 P.M. to 5 P.M. and at no time shall the men be required to work any more than five continuous hours without rest for luncheon or dinner, nor shall the hours of labor exceed ten hours per day, except Saturday to 4 p.m. * 'Fifth. — The TniTiiTnimn scale of wages paid for day or week workmen shall not be less than cents per hour, or 16.50 dollars per week; piece workmen to be paid according to the schedule of prices agreed upon at the signing of this agreement. Sixth. — That no members be required or allowed to work on Labor Day (the first Monday of each September). Seventh. — No team work shall be allowed; stitchers or finishers are, however, not considered as working team work. Eighth. — The party of the second part further agrees to meet a duly au- thorized committee from the said United Brotherhood, at any time, to discuss and adjust such grievances or misunderstandings as may occur from time to time that are not provided for in this agreement. In consideration of the compliance with the above terms and conditions on the part of the party of the second part, the party of the first part agrees to place its Union Stamp on all products manufactured by the party of the second part, and agrees to furnish the party of the second part an official Shop Card. The use of the Union Stamp and Shop Card, however, shall not be compulsory on the part of the party of the second part. The party of the first part further agrees to promote the interests of the party of the second part insofar as advertising and recommending the business 244 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Leather Workers on Horse Goods. of the party of the second part to all of its friends and constituents as deserving of their patronage, as a result of their compliance with the terms and conditions set forth in this agreement. This agreement entered into by and between the party of the first part, an association of employes, and the party of the second part, a manufacturer of harness, saddles, collars and leather horse goods, shall remain in full force and continuance one year from date. The violation of this agreement on the part of the party of the second part shall be cause for the revocation of all the privileges granted by the provisions required of the party of the first part as contained herein. It is agreed that should the party of the second part sell, dispose of, or con- vey their business, this agreement shall become null and void. (Party of the first part.) United Brothbbhood op Leather Workers on Horse Goods. By. President. Se^y-Treas. Local Branch No. lOS. (Party of the second part.) HEAT CtTTTEKS AND BUTCHERS. Contract "between the detail Butchers of the Town of State of and the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Worlcmen of North America, A. F. of L., Local Vnion No 1. All employes, except Bookkeepers, Agents, Barnmen, and Delivery Boys, not cutting meat, must be members of Local No , A. M. C. and B. W. of N. A. 2. When a vacancy occurs, only members of the Union are to be employed, extra help for short periods excepted. 3. Working days shall not exceed hours, six working days to be considered a full week, except as otherwise provided in this contract; Saturdays and two evenings before Thanksgiving and Christmas and one evening before every other holiday excepted. 4. This to apply to marlcets only. 5. Prom 6.30 a.m. to 10 a.m. shall be considered a full day when it occurs on a holiday. 6. Shortening of hours shall not cause a reduction of wages. 7. All overtime must be paid at the rate of time and a half; Sunday work at the rate of double time, and Sunday work to be done only when absolutely neces- sary. 8. Markets to be kept open from 6.30 a.m. to 6.30 p.m. from to , and from to from A.M. to 7 p.m., men to start cleaning up at 6.30 p.m. Part III.} COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 245 Meat Cutters and Butchers. 9. I do further agree that my market shall be kept closed on Sundays and legal holidays, except as otherwise provided in this contract. 10. This agreement to go into effect and expires (Signed) . President. Secretary. Zules Governing the Union Label and Stamp. 1. To entitle the employer to the use of the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen Label, all employees must be members of unions affiliated with the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher "Workmen of North America. 2. The hours of labor of employees shall not be more than per day; the hours to be set by the union and approved by the President of the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen. 3. The scale of .prices adopted by the union shall be paid by the employer. 4. The union rules shall be faithfully enforced by the employer. 5. The employer shall not receive from the union more labels than are suffi- cient to cover the product for the ensuing week. 6. The employer shall agree that should he, at any time, violate the rules under which the label is issued to him, he will not use any more of the union labels, bnt will surrender them to the union, or officer of the union, from whose hands he received them. 7. The employer will not himself, nor permit anyone for him, or in his behalf, have the label of the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen imitated, duplicated, or counterfeited in any way whatsoever. 8. That should the employer desire to discontinue the use of the label he shall give one week's notice of the same to the duly authorized and accredited officer or representative of the union from whose hands he received the label. 9. That it is the purpose of the employer, as well as the union, to faithfully cany out the above provisions in letter as well as in spirit. 10. That this agreement shall be binding for a period of from date, or longer, unless terminated in accordance with the notice herein pro- vided. Signed this day of 190 Signature of Employer Union No Business City State President. Secretary. 246 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. MOLDEBS. Conference agreements in force and ruling between The International Holders' Union of North America and The Stove Founders' National Defense Association. CoNFEEENCB, 1891. — Whereas, There has heretofore existed a sentiment that the members of the Stove Founders' National Defense Association and the mem- bers of the International Holders' Union of North America were necessarily enemies, and in consequence a mutual dislike and distrust of each other and of their respective organizations has arisen, provoking and stimulating strife and ill-will, resulting in severe pecuniary loss to both parties; now, this conference is held for the purpose of cultivating a more intimate knowledge of each other and of their methods, aims and objects, believing that thereby friendly regard and respect may be engendered, and such agreements reached as will dispel all inimical sentiments, prevent further strife and promote the material and moral interests of all parties concerned. Clause 1, Conference, 1891. — Besolved, That this meeting adopt the prin- ciple of arbitration in the settlement of any dispute between the members of the I. M. TJ. of N. A. and the members of the S. F. N. D. A. Clause 2, Conpekence, 1891 (Amended 1910). — That a conference committee be formed, consisting of twelve members, six of whom shall be iron molders appointed by the International Holders' Union of North America and six mem- bers appointed by the S. ¥. N. D. A., all to hold office from January 1 to December 31 of each year. Clause 3, Conference, 1891. — Whenever there is a dispute between a mem- ber of the S. F. N. D. A. and the molders in his employ (when a majority of the latter are members of the I. M. U.), and it cannot be settled amicably between them, it shall be referred to the Presidents of the two associations before named, who shall themselves or by delegates give it due consideration. If they cannot decide it satisfactorily to themselves, they may, by mutual agree- ment, summon the Conference Committee, to whom the dispute shall be referred, and whose decision by a majority vote shall be final and binding upon each party for the term of twelve months. Pending adjudication by the Presidents and Conference Committee, neither party to the dispute shall discontinue operations, but shall proceed with business in the ordinary manner. In case of a vacancy in the Committee of Conference, it shall be filled by the association originally nominating. No vote shall be taken except by a full committee or by an even number of each party. Clause 4, Conference, 1892. — Apprentices should be given every opportunity to learn all the details in the trade thoroughly and should be required to serve four years. Any apprentice leaving his employer before the termination of his apprenticeship should not be permitted to work in any foundry under the juris- diction of the I. M. U. of N. A., but should be required to return to his em- ployer. An apprentice should not be admitted to membership in the I. H. U. of N. A. until he has served his apprenticeship and is competent to command the average wages. Each apprentice in the last year of his apprenticeship should be given a floor between two journeymen molders, and they with the foreman should pay special attention to his mechanical education in all classes of work. Clause 5, Conference, 1892. — The general rate of molders wages should be established for each year without change. Clause 6, Confeeence, 1892. — When the members of the Defense Association Part III.] COLLECTRTE AGREEMENTS. 247 Holders, shall desire a general reduction in the rate of wages, or the Holders' Union an advance, they shall each give the other notice at least thirty days before the end of each year, which shall commence on the first day of January. If no such notice be given, the rate of wages current during the year shaU be the rate in force for the succeeding year. Clause 7, Conpeeence, 1892 (Amended 1903). — The present established price of work in any shop should be the basis for the determination of the price of new work of similar character and grade, unless the Presidents of the two organieatums, or their representatives, shall decide that the established prices of similar worJc in the shop are not in accord with the price of competitive goods made in the district. Clause 8, Contekence, 1893. — Any existing inequality in present prices of molding in a foundry or between two or more foundries should be adjusted as soon as practicable upon the basis set forth in the foregoing paragraphs by mutual agreement, or by the decision of the adjustment committee provided by the conference of March, 1891. Clause 9, Conpebence, 1896. — New work should always be priced within a reasonable time, and under ordinary circumstances two weeks is considered a reasonable time, and such prices, when decided upon, should be paid from the date the work was put in the sand. Clause 10, Conference, 1896 (Amended 1903, 1910). — The members of the S. F. N. D. A. shall furnish to their molders: Shovels, riddles, rammers, brushes, facing-bags, bellows and strike-off, provided, however, that they charge at actual cost tools so furnished, adopting some method of identification; and when a molder abandons the shop, or requires a new tool in place of one so furnished, he shaU, upon the return of the old tools, be allowed the full price charged, without deducting for ordinary wear; any damage beyond ordinary wear to be deducted from the amount so charged. Clause 11, Conference, 1896 (Amended 1906). — When it is shown that the aggregate loss on account of dull iron amounts to 4 per cent, of the total value of the work poured by the molders in any one heat, it shall be deemed a bad heat, and payment shall be made for all work lost from this cause. When the aggregate loss from this cause is less than 4 per cent, of the total value of the work poured by the molders in any one heat, and 10 per cent, of the molders lose 10 per cent, or more of their day's work in the aggregate, oiv account of duU iron, then such men shall be paid for all such loss »n excess of 4 per cent, of their day's work; it being understood that where more than one cupola is used, the molders receiving iron from each cupola shall be considered the same as though they were working in separate shops in making the above computation. Clause IH^, Conference, 1909. — If suflScient iron is not furnished the molder to pour off his work, and such work has to remain over, he shall be paid for such work remaining over at one-half of the regular price. This rule shall apply, excepting in ease of breakdown of machinery, or other unavoidable accidents, where no allowance shall be made. Clause 12, Conference, 1898. — Whenever a difficulty arises between a mem- ber of the S. F. N. D. A. (whose foundry does not come under the provisions of Clause 3, 1891 Conference) and the molders employed by him, and said 248 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Holders, difficulty cannot be amicably settled between the member and his employes, it shall be submitted for adjudication to the Presidents of the two organizations or their representatives without prejudice to the employes presenting said grievance. Clause 13, Conpeeence, 1898. — In pricing molding on new stoves when there are no comparative stoves made in the shop, the prices shall be based upon com- petitive stoves made in the district, thorough comparison and proper considera- tion being given to the merits of the work according to labor involved. Clause 14, Conference, 1899 (Amended 1910). — Stove manufacturers, mem- bers of the S. r. N. D. A., shall furnish in their respective foundries a book containing the piece prices for molding, the 'same to be placed in the care of the foreman of the foundry and a responsible molder agreeable to both employer and employes, said book to be placed in a locker on molding floor, to which the foreman and the molder so selected shall have free and independent access. Clause 15, Conpebence, 1902. — The general trend of .^ industrial development is towards employing skilled labor, as far as practicable, at skilled work, and in conformance with this tendency every effort should be made by the members of the S. F. N. D. A. and the I. M. U. of N. A. to enable the molder to give seven hours of service per day at molding, and to encourage the use of unskilled help to perform such work as sand cutting and work of like character, when the molder can be given a full day's work. Clause 16, Confbeence, 1902. — Inasmuch as it is conceded by the members of the S. F. N. D. A. that the earnings of a molder should exercise no influence upon the molding price of work which is set, according to well-established precedent and ruje of conference agreements, by comparison with other work of a like kind, the placing of a limit upon the earnings of a molder in the seven hours of molding should be discountenanced in shops of members of the S. F. N. D. A, Clause 17, Confeeenob, 1902. — When a full floor of new work is given a molder he should be guaranteed the day-work rate of pay for the first day, in order that he may be given an opportunity to get the job in good running order for piece work; if, however, the molder should earn more than the day-work rate, he should be paid his full earnings. Clause 18, Confekencb, 1902. — Where a change of job is made, the molder often loses considerable time and is put to great inconvenience through the necessary clamps, boards and other facilities needed for the job not being supplied to him promptly. We believe that in well regulated shops that should be made a feature of the shop management and should be a subject of favorable recommendation to the members of the S. F. N. D. A. Clause 19, Conference, 1904. — The International Holders' Union of North America shall not itself nor by any of its agents in any manner discriminate against the goods manufactured or sold by any member of the Stove Founders' National Defense Association, because of the unwillingness of such member of said Association to use the Union label, and that a copy of this resolution be duly attested by the Presidents and Secretaries of the respective organizations, vrith the seal of each organization attached thereto, and a fac simile thereof be furnished each member of the Stove Founders' National Defense Association and each Local of the International Holders' Union of North America. Clause 20, Conference, 1904. — When the price of piece work has been Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 249 Holders, agreed to between a member of the S. F. N. D. A. or his representative and a price committee representing the molders in his shop, that such prices shall be reduced to ■nriting at that time, and shall be final and binding. Clause 21, Conpeeexce, 1905. — The general ratio of apprentices to journey- men molders employed in the foundries of members of the S. P. N. D. A. shall be one to five, and one to each shop; provided, however, that whenever a mem- ber of the S. F. N. D. A. finds he cannot secure the number of molders he may require for the needs of his business, the question shall be referred to the Presidents of the two Associations, or their representatives, for investigation and relief. If it is found that the member of the S. F. N. D. A. is entitled to relief he shall be allowed such additional number of apprentices as shall be mutually agreed upon. The number of apprentices shall be computed upon the number of floors being operated by journeymen molders, it being understood that when the force of molders is increased said increase shall have been in existence not less than eight weeks previous to the employment of additional apprentices. In shops where the ratio at present is more than one to five, the ratio agreed upon shall be reached by refraining from placing new apprentices at work until such time as the apprentices employed shall have been reduced to the proper number, and that in the shops where the present ratio is less than one to five, no journeyman molder shall be discharged or laid off for the purpose of supplant- ing him by an additional apprentice. Clause 22, Conpekexce, 1905. — Molders who may be employed £is " Cat Skinners " shall receive fifteen per cent, premium on the piece price for the first three days; and thereafter, while employed on the same job, shall be paid the regular rate of piece prices. By " Cat Skinner " is meant only such molder as is temporarily employed to work on a floor that is temporarily vacant through the absence of the molder who is regularly employed upon said floor. Clause 23, Conference, 1905. — Eeeognizing the desirability of introducing new methods and machines in stove foundries, it is agreed by the conferees of the I. JI. IT. of N. A. and of the S. F. N. D. A. that such processes are entitled to and should have consideration in fixing prices and wages. Clause 24, Conference, 1905. — When -a. stove is to be priced, a list shall be furnished the committee of all pieces that belong to the stove, whether some of such pieces have been priced previously or not, so that the committee shall know what pieces go with the stove, and such pieces as have been already priced can be so marked, and all prices, when agreed upon by a committee of molders and a representative of the employer, to be dated and signed by both parties. Clause 25, Conference, 1907. — When new sand is needed, it shall be delivered to the molders' floor free of charge. Clause 26, Conference, 1908. — A basic rate of wage of $4.00 net shall be used in pricing work made upon a machine. The price of a given job on a machine shall be determined by the work of an expert furnished by the employer, who shall put up a day's work on the machine, and the number of good castings produced by him shall be used as a divisor of the basic wage, and the result shall be the piece price. We designate as a machine, primarily, the simple squeezer, when match plates are used, conadering this the lowest type of machine. 250 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Holders. Such machines are to be regularly operated by journeymen molders or appren- tices, but in the event the shop management can not secure such services out of its regular force, then relief shall be given to it in the manner provided for in Paragraph 1, Clause 21, Conference 1905. Clause 27, Conpekence, 1909. — When a board is priced with a dead-head and the dead-head is taken out, the full board price shall be paid unless some- thing of a similar character is substituted, or the board may be repriced. Clause 28, Confbeence, 1910. — On and after April 1, 1911, the last ladle of iron will be given to the molder within an hour and three-quarters after the seven hours of molding. Tlie following letter was adopted by the recent conference between the repre- sentatives of the S. F. N. D. A. and the I. M. V. of N. A., for the purpose of giving the method by which Aluminum Match Plates are to be priced: Chicaoo, III., December 17, 1909. The pricing of Aluminum Match Plates, and other new methods of molding, shall be by comparison, in accordance with the conference agreements, full allow- ance being given for increased output as the result of the new method and any additional labor on the molders' part. If the Price Committee and the firm's representative fail to reach an under- standing as to the work in dispute, demonstrations by actual test may be made as follows : Demonstrations shall be made by one or more journeymen molders familiar with the work in question, who shall be mutually selected by the Price Committee and the firm's representative. The demonstrations shall take place in the molding room where the journeymen are employed, and under the normal conditions surrounding molding in the said foundry. The length of time given to demonstrations shall be determined by the character of the work, as agreed upon by the Price Committee and the firm's representa- tive. When the demonstration shall prove unsatisfactory, either party shall have the right to demand another demonstration. Demonstrations, when accepted, shall determine the difference in molding time between the old and the new methods, and this difference in molding time shall be the basis for the difference in the price to be set upon the new jobs. In the event the Price Committee and the firm's representative fail to agree, the matter shall be referred to the officials of both associations. Synopsis of the Action of the Conference between Bepresentatives of The S. F. N. D. A. and The I. M. TJ. of N. A. — December 15, 1910. To the Officers and Members of the I. M. V. of N. A., Greeting: At the recent Annual Conference between representatives of the S. F. N. D. A. and the I. M. U. of N. A., which adjourned in Chicago, 111., December 17th, 1910, several matters were acted upon which we desire to place before you for your information and guidance. As the construction to be placed upon Clauses 15 and 18 of the Conference Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 251 Holders. Agreements would have a direct bearing upon some of the propositions wMch were to be considered by the Conference, they were both taken up and construed by the Conference to be Conference Agreements, and not recommendations, as had been previously held by some members in both associations. Clause 15 relates to the number of hours which shall be given to molding, and in addition recommends that molders have their sand heaps cut by unskilled labor. In construing this clause the Conference held that the seven hours of molding did not include sand cutting, but referred to the time which should be given to molding, when the foundrymen could furnish the molder with a full day's work. It further means that whenever a full day's work is given that the molder have his sand cut by unskilled labor whenever this is possible. Clause 18 relates to the facilities which shall be given to the molder to do the day's work. It was held that this clause was a Conference Agreement, and that there might be no future misunderstanding of its terms and provisions, the term " facilities " was construed to mean the prompt delivery on the molder's floor of all patterns, except the first pattern in the morning, and with all the necessary boards, flasks, clamps, gates, tins, chaplets, cores, etc., required for the molding of the jobs. In connection with the regulation of the length of the working day, it was agreed that on and after April 1st, 1911, the last ladle of iron will be given to the molder within eight and three-quarters hours. This means that the last ladle of iron will be given to the molder within one hour and three-quarters after the seven hours of molding. The long discussed question of work lost through dirty iron was covered by the adoption of an agreement which reads as follows: "It Tias been deemed unwise to adopt any sweeping resolution covering claims which may he made for work lost iy the molders throughout the entire Association, by reason of alleged dirty iron. It is, however, conceded that where there is an abnormal loss of work in any specific instances, that the Secretary of the Association and any officer of the I. M. V. must promptly take the matter up for investigation, and such work lost through no fault of the molder shall be paid for in full." This agreement is self-explanatory and means that whenever there is an excess of work lost because of dirty iron — that is, when the loss is more than normal — and the firm refuses to pay for the work lost, that the question shaU be taken up promptly by the officers of both associations, and the molders paid for all work lost because of dirty iron, unless it can be shown that the fault lay with the molder. On the question of the percentage to be paid, it was agreed that the rate should be 30% ' or its equivalent on present board prices. This advance to a,pply to all piece-workers, day-workers, and to molding machine work which has been already priced, and that which will be priced in the future. Relative to the pricing of work made on Molding machines, as provided for in Clause 27, there was considerable discussion by the Conference. It was agreed that there should be an immediate effort made by both the firms and the molders. to price all work now being made on molding machines. In determining the price to be placed upon this work, the normal output of the machine must be taken 1 The oonferenoe of 1912 provided that the rate be 35 per cent. 252 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Holders. into consideration and a demonstration held whenever this is necessary. When- ever the firm and the price committee can not agree, then the question must be submitted to the officers of both associations for adjustment as provided for in Clause 3. Fraternally yours, Jos. F. VAIiENTINB, Fresident. The following resolution was passed at the Conference held in 1909: Sesolved, That it was the sense of the meeting when a molder is required to leave out a portion of his work, to make odd work, whether made in the flask left out or in other flask, that he be paid for his floor the previous day's wages. The following resolution was adopted at the Conference held in 1912: Resolved, That molders receive their wages weekly after April 1st, 1913. MOTINQ FICTUBS MACHINS OPEKATOBS. Agreement between Managers of Moving Picture Houses and Local 186, In- ternational Alliance Theatrical Stage Employees, of Springfield, January 1, 1910, to January 1, 191S. Wage Schedule of 1910 and 1911. Section 1. — All houses with seating capacity of 300 or less, said house running ten hours and using two operators, first operator to receive $20.00, second opera- tor to receive $15.00; the working time of two operators to be six and five hours, and extra hour to be used in getting show ready and attend to cleaning of machines and booth. This work to alternate between the two men. All houses running ten hours using two operators, with a seating capacity of over 300, said operators first operator to receive $20.00, second operator to receive $18.00. Section S. — All houses playing two a day with seating capacity of 300 or less, working time in said house not to be over eight hours; all houses with over 300 seating capacity, working time of said house not to be over seven hours; operator to receive $20.00 a week. Section 3. — All houses outside of Springfield, in smaller towns playing two a day, using one operator, operator to receive $18.00 a week. Section 4. — All houses in small towns playing only evenings and Saturday and Holiday matinees, operator shall receive $16.00 a week. Section 5. — All Special and Sunday performances to be $5.00; six hours to constitute working time. All over six hours, 75 cents an hour. All Sunday night performances of three hours or less, $3.00. Section 6. — All extra weekly hour work, 50 cents an hour. Six days to con- stitute a week's work. Section 7. — It is mutually agreed between the Managers of all theatres and Members of Local 186 M. P. M. O., that in case of a desired change by either party one week's notice is to be given, unless for incompetency, which would mean immediate discharge. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 253 MUSICIANS. Agreement ietween Theatrical Managers of Boston and Boston Musicians Protective Association, Local No. 9, American Federation of Musicians, January 1, 1911, to January 1, 1914. Agreement entered into this 3rd day of October, 1910, by and between the Boston Musicians' Protective Association, Local 9, American Federation of Musicians, and the undersigned Managers of Theatres in Boston. It is agreed that the prices and conditions under which musicians are employed shall be as hereinafter enumerated and described, and that such prices and con- ditions shall not be subject to any change for the period of three years beginning January 1, 1911, and ending January 1, 1914. It is further agreed that for the period from August 1, 1910, to December 31, 1910, inclusive, the price list of the Boston Musicians' Protective Association for 1909-1910 shall prevail. It is also mutually understood by all the parties to this agreement that upon its expiration, January 1, 1914, it may be extended to August 1, 1914. PRICE LIST FOE GEAND OPERA. Orchestral musicians for Grand Opera in any language, for five performances or less each week, Sunday not included, per man, not less than . Each additional performance, including one rehearsal, per man, not less than Class 1. Article A. Extra musicians in orchestra, vrith one rehearsal in day time, each performance per man, not less than .... 35.00 Stage band, including one re- hearsal, per man, not less than 7.00 $8.00 5.00 For opera repeated one free rehearsal of each opera shall be given each week, but not more than one for the same opera in the same week, ex- cepting as provided for in Extra day rehearsals for or- chestra, per man, not less than Extra day rehearsals for stage band, per man, not less than When more than one rehearsal is held for the repetition of an opera, each additional re- hearsal shall be considered an extra rehearsal, excepting as provided for in Article A. Article B. Article A. No free rehear- sals on the morning of mat- inee days, or on Sundays, ex- cepting as provided for in Article E. Not more than one free rehearsal a day. Article C. Morning rehearsals on mat- inee days shall be considered $3.00 extra rehearsals. When more than one rehearsal is held in 2.00 a single day, each additional rehearsal shall be considered an extra rehearsal. Sunday rehearsals shall be con- sidered extra rehearsals, ex- cepting as provided for in Article E. 254 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. The price for extra evening re- hearsals for all musicians shall be not less, per man, than The time of rehearsals shall be Musicians. Article V. $5.00 limited to four hours. Each additional hour or fraction thereof, shall be at the rate of not less per man, per hour, than $1.00 Sunday concerts, including one Sunday or week day re- Article E. hearsal, not less, per man, than $7.00 On all out of town engagements, transportation, including sleepers when necessary, shall be furnished. On all out of town engagements, for each full day each man for living expenses Article F. Por each full week shall be paid to each man for living ex- penses For a fraction of a day, per meal For lodging, per man $2.00 o.oo .75 .75 PEICE LIST FOE BALLET. To apply to performances of Ballet only. Ballet performances, including one free rehearsal, excepting as provided for in Articles B and C of Price List for Grand Opera, each performance, per man, not less than . . ' . $5.00 PEICE LIST FOE GEAND OPEEA. Class 2. Orchestral musicians for Grand Opera in any language, where the price of the best seat does not exceed $2.00, for seven performances or less each week, per man, not less than Each additional performance, per man Stage band, including one re- hearsal, per man, per perform- ance Three rehearsals before the sea- son begins. Necessary rehear- $28.00 4.00 4.00 sals during the season for new works. For repetition not more than one rehearsal for each opera. No rehearsals on matinee days. Extra day rehearsals, per man Evening rehearsal same as a performance. Time limit for rehearsals, four hours. Overtime to be paid $1 per hour or fraction thereof. $2.00 Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 255 Musicians. THEATEE PRICE LIST. Musical. All theatres charging $1.00 or more for best seats, the price shall be, substituting allowed, for Operettas, Opera Bouffe, Extravaganzas, Burlesques and Spectacular Productions, Musical Comedies, and all other Productions which can- not be strictly classified as Dramatic, Vaudeville or Va- riety performances and an- nounced as such, per man, per performance .... The Leader shall receive, per week, not less than Substitutes in theatres must be satisfactory to the house leader. In theatres where there is no First Class. $3.00 40.00 regular orchestra engaged, per man, per performance . . $5.00 Leader double. Two (2) rehearsals free, one of which may be held on Sunday, providing it terminates not later than 6 P.M. All evening (except Sunday) re- hearsals same as perform- ances. Sunday rehearsals, except as otherwise provided for in the price list, per man . . 3.00 On aU rehearsals, when not otherwise specified, time in excess of four (4) hours shall be paid for at the rate of per man, per hour, or fraction thereof 1.00 Special Note. When newly produced (meaning thereby musical productions or shows never before having been staged), three (3) re- hearsals free. Note. — All rehearsals referred to mean music rehearsals. Incidental rehearsals after per- formance may be called once each week, but must not ex- ceed one hour from time of beginning. Overtime $1.00 per hour or fraction thereof. Second Class. All theatres charging $1.00 and less for best seats, playing nine or more regular perform- ances, for Operettas, Opera Bouffe, Extravaganzas, Bur- lesque and Spectacular Pro- ductions, Musical Comedies and an other Productions which cannot be classified as strictly Dramatic, Vaudeville or Variety performances and announced as such, per man, per performance, substituting allowed The Leader shall receive, per week, not less than Substitutes in theatres must be satisfactory to the house leader. $2.50 40.00 256 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Musicians. Theatre Stage Musicians. Members of regular theatre or- chestra, playing on stage in sight of audience, shall re- ceive per performance, extra, per man $1.00 Musicians for stage duty only. bands, orchestras, etc., shall be paid at same rate provided for regular theatre orchestra of theatre they may be en- gaged to play in. All theatres charging $1.00 or more for best seats, the price shall be, for Dramatic Per- foi-manoes, per man, per per- formance, substituting al- lowed Substitutes in theatres must be satisfactory to the house Leader. The Leader shall receive, per week, not less than Eehearsals for Dramatic Per- formances. One rehearsal free (Sunday excepted) each week, not to exceed four hours' duration. Extra re- hearsals as performance. All extra men engaged in First Class theatres for Dramatic Performances, shall receive, per man, per performance . Dramatic Performances in Deamatic. First Class. Extra time in excess of four hours, per man, per hour or fraction thereof All evening (except Sunday) rehearsals same as perform- $2.50 ances, time in excess of four hours, per man, per hour or fraction thereof Sunday rehearsals, per man Extra time in excess of four 40.00 hours, per man, per hour or fraction thereof Eehearsals shall be reckoned from the time the musicians are called. Extra Men. theatres where there is no reg- ular orchestra engaged, per man, per performance . Leader double. $3.00 Second Class. All theatres charging $1.00 and less for best seats, playing nime or more regular perform- ances, the price shall be for Dramatic Performances, per man, per performance, substi- tuting allowed . . . $2.00 The Leader shall receive, per week, not less than . .40.00 Substitutes in theatres must be satisfactory to the house leader. $1.00 1.00. 3.00 1.00 $5.00 One rehearsal free (Sunday ex- cepted) each week, not to ex- ceed four hours' duration. Extra rehearsals as performance. Extra time in excess of four hours, per man, per hour or fraction thereof All evening (except Sunday) re- hearsals, same as perform- ances, time in excess of four hours, per man, per hour or fraction thereof $1.00 1.00 Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 257 Sunday rehearsals, per man Extra tdme in excess of four hours, per man, per hour or fraction thereof Musicians. Second Class — Concluded. $3.00 1.00 Behearsals shall be reckoned from the time that musicians are called. All extra men engaged in Sec- ond Class theatres for Dra- matic Performances shall re- Extra Men. ceive, per man, per perform- ance $2.50 Theatre Stage Musicians. Members of regular theatre orchestra, playing on stage in sight of audience, shall re- ceive per performance, extra, per man 1.00 Musicians for stage duty only, bands, orchestras, etc., except where otherwise provided, shaU be paid at same rate provided for regular theatre orchestra of theatre they may be engaged to play in. All theatres playing Stock Dramas only, or Vaudeville only, giving twelve or more regular performances, the price shall be, per man, per performance .... The Leader shall receive, per week, not less than Third Class. Behearsals. Same as First Class theatre clauses. All men playing in theatres of above classes, except in Grand Opera, if not allowed to sub- $2.00 I stitute, shall receive 50 cents ■ extra per man, per perform- 40.00 ance. Fourth Class. All theatres playing Eepertoire- Drama and Taudeville, giving twelve or more regular per- formances, the price shall be, per man, per performance . All theatres playing Burlesque, giving twelve or more regular performances, the price shall be, per man, per perform- ance ..... $1.75 1.75 The Leader shall receive, per week, not less than Behearsals. Same sis First Class theatre clauses. All men playing regularly in theatres of this class, if not allowed to substitute, shall receive twenty-five cents extra per man, per performance. $30.00 All places of amusement classed as Dime Museums, etc., the Fifth Class. price shall be per man, per week of six days . . . $18.00 258 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Professional theatrical perform- ances given in theatres, halls and out of doors, and occur- ring outside a regular sea- son, shall be paid for at the rate of, per man, per perform- ance One music rehearsal free, to last not over four hours, extra time per hour or portion thereof Day rehearsals at the rate of, per man Evening rehearsals same as per- formance. Sunday rehearsals, per man Musicians. Sixth Class. All time in excess of four hours, per man, per hour or fraction thereof When such performances occur for a week or more in succes- sion in any theatre of the $5.00 First Class in the city of Boston two (2) free rehears- als may be allowed, one of which may be called on a Sun- 1.00 day, providing it shall termi- nate not later than 6 P.M. 2.00 All time in excess of four (4) hours, per man, per hour or fraction thereof 3.00 $1.00 Sunday Concerts at Theatres. Concerts, including rehearsals, per man ..... Leader double. Concerts, without rehearsals, per man Leader double. Eehearsals not to exceed four hours. $4.00 3.00 Extra time, per hour or frac- tion thereof, per man . Theatres giving Vaudeville or Moving Pictures on Sunday evening only, per man, per performance .... Leader double. Rehearsal for same, extra . 1.00 $1.00 3.00 1.00 Seventh Class. Moving Picture Houses. Week of six days, not over 6 hours per day, per man . $18.00 Week of seven days, not over 6 hours per day, per man . 21.00 Combination of Vaudeville and Pictures, time not to exceed 2% hours a performance, and not more than 12 perform- ances per week of 6 days, per man .... Week of 7 days, not more than 14 performances, time not to exceed 2% hours, per man . Extra time in excess of 2% hours, per man, per hour or fraction thereof $18.00 21.00 .50 All substitutes to be at dis- cretion of house Leader, sub- ject to the By-Laws. All men playing regularly in theatres, if not allowed to substitute, shall receive 50 cents extra per man per per- formance, except men playing in Grand Opera. All musicians must be subject to and comply vrith the Rules General Bules. of the Theatre in which they are employed. Men playing in Fourth Class theatres, if not allowed to substitute, shall receive 25 cents extra per man per per- formance. In all cases where 4-hour re- hearsals prevail, there shall be an intermission of not less than 15 minutes. Part III.] COLLECTR^ AGREEMENTS. 259 Musicians. Travelling Miisicians. Travelling musicians to receive not less per man, per week, than No part of regular theatre orchestra shall be laid off on account of a travelling com- pany carrying musicians. It is also understood and agreed that in case any manager violates this agreement, the penalty may be the vrith- drawal of the Union members from the orchestra affected. $35.00 and this shall be the full measure of damages. All musicians must be engaged by an agent or leader who is a member of the Local No. 9, A. F. of M. Any theatre not belonging to the Association or which may later become a member dur- ing the life of said agreement, shall be entitled to benefit of all of the terms of said agree- ment. In Witness Whereof the said Boston Musicians Protective Association and the Managers have hereunto placed their hands and seals the day and year here- inbefore written. The following-named theatres are working under this agreement: HoLLis Theatke. Colonial. Tebmont. Park. Boston. Castle SgiTABE. Gaiett. Casino. PAINTERS ANB PAPEBHAKGESS. Agreement between Employers and Local No. £96, Brotherhood of Painters, Decorators and Paperhangers of America, of Brockton. — In effect April 4, 191S. Article I. Sours, Wages, and Conditions of Employment. Section 1. — Forty-four (44) hours shall constitute a week's work: eight (8) hours on the first five (5) days of the week, and four (4) hours on Saturday, when all work shall stop at 12 M., and no work shall be performed between the hours of 12 M. and 5 p.m. on that day. Section Z. — For overtime, legal holidays and Sundays, double time shall be paid. Section S. — HoUdays are as follows: May 30, July 4, October 12, Thanks- giving and Christmas day. No work to be done on Labor day. Section 4. — Car fares in town, from shop to job and return, for painters, shall be paid for by the employer. Car fares, board, and all necessary expenses shall be paid to painters and paperhangers on out-of-town work. Section 5. — Painters shall be paid not less than forty-seven (47) cents per hour; grainers not less than seventy (70) cents per hour. 1912 paperhangers' price list shall prevail, with this agreement. Section 6. — All members of Local Union No. 296, shall receive in money, on or before Saturday noon, each week, payment for all work performed up to 260 STATISTICS OF LABOR— 1911. [P. D. 15. Painters and Paperhangers. Thursday or Friday night of same week. Union men will be debarred from working for any employer violating this rule. Section 7. — No master painter shall hire a painter, paperhanger or decorator unless he is a member, in good standing, of the Brotherhood of Painters, Deco- rators and Paperhangers of America, without a permit signed by the Business Agent of Local T7nion, No. 296. Article IT. Rules governing both Parties in working for Public. Section 1. — No journeyman painter or paperhanger shall handle or apply any material furnished by the owner or agent, unless said owner or agent is a Master Painter. Section 2. — A Master Painter shall be considered one who has an established place of business, and doing a regular contract business, employing at least one journeyman painter besides himself. Section S. — All Master Painters shall charge not less than $5.00 per day, or 65 cents per hour, for their time and time for their men. Section 4. — Any member of Local No. 296 desiring to become a Master Painter, must notify his Local, and they in turn, notify the Master Painters' Association. Section S. — No person not employing at least one journeyman shall be ad- mitted or retained as a member of the Master Painters' Association. Section 6. — In case a man is expelled from either Association, the other As- sociation shall not admit him to membership, without the consent of the Associa- tion from which he was expelled. Section 7. — All members of either Association shall charge not less than Master Painters' prices for their time and the time of their men, except where work is done by contract, and_ no member of either Association shall contract for, or taike the labor on any job without he furnishes the material also. Aeticle III. Joint Conference Committee and Arbitration. Section 1. — There shall be a Joint Conference Committee consisting of three from each Association to settle all disputes. Section S. — The decision of a majority of this Committee shall be final and binding to both parties. Section 3. — Said Committee shall meet within 36 hours after notification, in writing, by either party. Failure to do so shall leave either party free to act. In case they fail to agree within five days, unless extended by mutual consent, it shall be left to an Arbitration Committee, one of which shall be chosen by each Association, these two to choose a third. Section 4. — In case of failure of these two to agree upon a third party within 48 hours, the choosing of the third member shall revert to the full conference committee, and in case of their failure to choose a third within 72 hours, either party shall be free to act. Section 5. — In case the Arbitration Committee fail to report within seven days after the third member is chosen, unless given further time by mutual con- sent, either party shall be free to act. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 261 Painters and Faperhan^ers. Section 6. — There shall be no stoppage of work by either party, for any cause except as provided for in the following sections. Section 7. — No stoppage of work on account of violation of Article I. or at the call of the BuUding Trades Council, or on account of the employment of Non-ITnion men, shall be considered a violation of, or subject to, the Arbitra- tion clause of this understanding. Abticle XV. Violation of Agreement — Charges, Trial and Penalties for Same. Section 1. — Any member of either Association violating any article in this understanding, shall be fined the sum of $25.00 unless the joint Conference Com- mittee unanimously vote otherwise. For the second and all subsequent offences $50.00. Section g. — When a complaint is made in writing to either Association that a rule has been violated, it shall immediately be referred to the Joint Conference Committee. They shall immediately summon the offender and hear the evidence. Section S. — Fines that are collected on complaints of the Master Painters shall be paid to the Master Painters. Fines collected on complaints of Local 296 shall be paid to Local 296. Section 4. — If any members of either Association fails to pay the fine im- posed within 30 days from the time he is notified, he shall at once be suspended or expelled from his Association. Article V. Paperhangers' Prices by the EoU, Yard and Hours, to the Journeymen and to the Public. All Master Painters and Paperhangers shall pay and receive the following prices for Paperhanging : PAT EEC. 1. All goods lapped except Var Tile per roll 18e 25e 2. All goods butted, Dom. Blanks 25e 35e 3. All Foreign blanks, butted 28e 40c 4. Plain ingrains . . . - 2oe 35e 5. Crepe 30e 40e 6. Duplex - 30e 40e 7. Pressed Papers 35c 50c 8. Silk Fibres 35c 50c 9. Varnished TUe 25c 35e 10. Lining Papers, per hour 56c 75e 11. Japanese Grass Cloth 50e 75c 12. Solid Bronze, plain, shaded or stamped, Velours, Lincrusta Walton, SanatUe, LinowaU, Tekko and imitations, Sanatas, All Panel work, All Fabrics (except Grass Cloth, Burlaps, Buckram and Canvas), per hour 56e 75c 13. All plain Burlap, Buckram and Canvas 15c 20e 14. Figured Burlap 20e 25e 15. Borders, common 18 in., per yard .... . . 4e 5c 16. Borders, common 9 in., per yard 3c 4c 262 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Painters and Paperhangrers. PAY REC. 17. Two-thirds work on any paper less than, five feet in length, put on perpendicularly, except crown frieze work, 25 per cent addi- tional to schedule prices (this to include rooms with wood wain- scoting) 25% 30% 18. Crown Frieze work, per hour ........ 56c 75c 19. Dadoes 25 per cent additional to schedule prices . . . . 25% 30% 20. All ceiling papers, lapped 20e 25c 21. All ceiling papers, butted 25c 35e 22. Cut to ceiling angle, per cut to a finish 3c 4c 23. Plate, chair, and Photo Bails, per hour 56c 758 24. Picture Mouldings, 1% inches or less in width, per foot . . le l%e 25. Picture Mouldings more than iVs inches in width .... 2c 2%o 26. Picture mouldings removed ......-■ 15c 20o 27. Picture mouldings replaced 30o 40e 28. Nails to be furnished by employer. 29. Sizing side walls, per roll 3c 4e 30. Sizing ceilings, per roll 4o 5o 31. Sizing materials to be furnished by employer. 32. Coloring edges or backgrounds, per hour 56c 75e 33. Cutting to ceiling angle, moulding or border plate rail or chair rail, all extra cuts, per roll 3c 4e 34. All papers or materials not mentioned in this list, per hour . . 56e 75e 35. All clothing partitions, papering closets, and preparing Walls, per hour 560 75c 36. Paste, paper and step ladders to be put on job by employer. 37. All sizing to be done by the paperhanger, and he is not responsible for work on walls prepared by any other than himself, nor for work done over old paper. 38. Paperhanger not responsible for shrinking of seams on work not lined. 39. Paperhanger to pay own car fare in. city limits. 40. Employer to pay board and car fare on out-of-town work. 41. No journeyman shall do work for less than Master Painters' prices. 42. On work done nights, Sundays and holidays observed by Local Union 296, double price shall be charged. 43. No work shall be done on Saturday afternoons. 44. No journeyman shall solicit from sample book at any time, nor while work- ing for a Master Painter take work from the public without consent of his employer. 45. Violation of this price list or of these rules will subject the offender to a fine or suspension, or both. 46. This price list is to take effect April 1, 1912. Article VI. Section 1. — This understanding shall remain in force until April 1, 1913. Section S. — If at the end of one (1) year either party wishes to make any changes and an understanding mutually satisfactory cannot be arranged then all matters of disagreement shall be referred to the Arbitration Committee aa Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 263 Painten and PapaThangers. provided for in Article m. except there shall be no arbitratiou for violation of Article I., or on stoppage of work at the call of the Building Trades Council, or on account of the employment of Non-Union men. PAYING CUTTEES. Agreement between Employers and Branches Nos. 52 and 53 of the Inter- national Paving Cutters' Union, of Cape Ann, March S7, 1911, to March 1, 1916. It is hereby mutually agreed by and between the Paving Cutters of Cape Ann, Kass., Branches Nos. 52 and 53 of the International Paving Cutters Union, and their Employers: That the following prices shall prevaU for catting paving blocks, for a period of five years from March 27, 1911, to March 1, 1916. 1. Paving Blocks, 10 to 14 in. long, to average 12 in. in length; 4 to 5 in. tride, to average 4% in., 7 to 8 in. deep, price shall be $23.50 per il. (It is understood that if above blocks are required % in. less in width or depth, that price for one or both shall be the same.) 2. Paving Blocks, 9 to 14 in. long, to average 11% in. in length, 3% to 4% in. wide, to average 4 in., 7% to 8 in. deep, price shall be $23.50 per M. 3. Paving Blocks, 10 to 14 in. long, to average 12 in. in length, 4 to 5 in. wide, to average 4% in. in width, 6 to 7 in. deep, or 5% to 6% in. deep, as may be required, price shall be $20.00 per M. 4. Paving Blocks, 9 or 10 to 14 in. long, to average 11 or 11% in. in length, as may be required, 3% to 4% in. wide, 6 to 7 in., or 5% to 6% in. deep, price shaU be $20.00 per M. ' 5. Paving Blocks, 8 to 12 in. long, to average 10 in., 3% to 4% in., or 3 in. to 4 in. wide, 6 to 7 in. deep, $18.00 per M. 6. Paving Blocks, 8 to 12 in. long, 3% to 4% in. wide, 5 to 6 in. deep, to average 10 in. long, $19.00 per M. If only % in. is allowed on width or depth, $20.00 per M. 7. Paving Blocks, 8 to 12 in. long, 3% to 4% in. wide, 7 to 8 in. deep, to average 10x4x7% in., $20.50 per M. 8. Paving Blocks, 7 to 9 in. long, 3 to 3% in. wide, 3% to 4 ia. deep, $17.00 per M. 9. Paving Blocks, 8 to 12 in. long, 3% to 4% in. wide, 6 to 6% in. deep, $20.50 per M. 10. Paving Blocks, 8 to 10 in. long, 3% to 4% in. wide, 4% to 5% in. deep, $18.00 per M. 11. Paving Blocks, 7 to 12 in. long, to average 9% in., 3% to 4% in. wide, 4 to 5 in. deep, $18.00 per M. 12. Paving Blocks, 8 to 12 in. long, to average 10 in., 4 to 4% in. wide, to average 4% in., 5 to 5% in. disep, with no bunches over % in., $25.00 per M. 13. Paving Blocks, 8 to 12 in. long, to average 10 in., 4 to 4% in. wide, to average 4% in., 5% to 6% in. deep, with no bunches over % in., $25.00 per M. 14. Paving Blocks, 8 to 12 in. long, to average 10 in., 4 to 4% in. wide, to I average 4% in., 4% to 5% in. deep, with no bunches over % in., $25.00 per M. '<: 15. That if any special paviiig block, other than those above are required, the price for cutting same shall be proportionately equal to the rate paid for ' cutting other blocks as named above. 264 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Paring Cutters. ' 16. That all day work of paving cutters shall be paid for at the rate of 30 cents per hour. 17. Free air shall be given for drilling. Paving cutters must direct where holes are to be put, and no drilling to be done after the stock has been drilled into slabs. 18. All men are expected to work from whistle to whistle. 19. Payments will be made weekly by holding back one week's pay. Amount of payment to be determined by foreman's estimate. Estimate to be taken on Mon- day. 20. It is agreed that the weekly payment article does not apply to , or ; that they reserve the right, as well as the undersigned committee, to make individual agreements re- garding payments; those agreements to be made not later than April 10th, 1911. 21. Stock shall be the same as furnished the last three years. 22. That no discrimination be shown to any man by either employer or employee. 23. That should either party desire a change at the expiration of this agree- ment period, three months notice shall be given previous to March 1, 1916, in writing, specifying changes desired. If no notice be given, then this agreement shall hold in force for another year, and from year to year thereafter, with notice of change as provided above. 24. It is mutually agreed by the parties hereto, that should a disagreement of any kind arise, it shall be settled by and between the employers and employees on the works where the dispute arises. Pending such settlement, it is agreed that there shall be no strike, lockout, or suspension of work; the same failing to agree, the dispute to be left to a committee of three, one to be selected by the manufacturers, one by the employees, the third to be selected by the two so ap- pointed and he must be a disinterested party, the decision of a majority to be final. Decision to be rendered within ten days. Per the Granite Manufacturers: Por the Paving Cutters: It is hereby agreed that on and after March 1, 1911, pay day shall be on «r before the 10th of each month. Pigeon Cove, Mass., March 31, 1911. It is hereby agreed by and between Branches 52 and 53, of the International Paving Cutters' Union of the United States and Canada, that on and after April Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 265 Paring Cutters. 1, 1911, that the Paving Cutters employed on job shall be aUowed 25 cents per month for the use of their own tools, and it is further agreed that shall agree to stock his job with Paving Cutters' tools as soon as he finds it convenient for him to do so. Signed : PSINTINO PBESSK£N. Agreement hetween Printing Offices, other than Daily Newspapers, and Local No. lOS of the International Printing Pressmen and Assistants' Union, of Brockton, December SI, 1910, to December SI, 1912. This agreement, made and entered into this day of , by and between , party of the first part, and the subordinate union of the International Printing Pressmen and Assistants' ITnion, of the City of Brockton, known as the Brockton Printing Pressmen and Assistants' Union, No. 102: WITNESSETH, that, from and after , and for a term of months, ending , the establishment represented by the party of the first part binds itself to the employment in its pressroom and the departments thereof, of mechanics and workmen who are members of the Brockton Printing Pressmen and Assistants' Union, No. 102, and agrees to observe and respect the conditions imposed by the Constitution, By-Laws and Scale of Prices of the aforesaid organization, and of the International Printing Pressmen and Assistants' Union, copies of which are hereunto attached and made a part of this agreement. Section 1. — The miTiimum price for a day's work shall be $2.75 per day for Job Pressmen, and $3.25 per day for Cylinder Pressmen, a day's work to consist of not more than eight continuous hours, between 7 a.m. and 6 p.m. Not more than one hour to be allowed for lunch. Wages to be paid in full weekly. Section i. — Overtime shall be paid for at the rate of price and one-half. AH work after 10 p.m. to be double price. Section S. — AU work done on Sunday, and Patriots' Day, Decoration Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas, to be psdd for at double price. Section 4. — Where a pressman is called in temporarily, he shall be given at least one-half day's work, or pay for same. Section 5. — The shortening of the hours of the regularly employed members shall not be caused by the employment of any surplus help. Section 6. — In offices where the Saturday half -holiday is observed, a week's work shall consist of not more than 48 hours, not more than nine hours in any one day, said hours to be designated by the office, and mutually agreed upon by 266 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Frinting Fressmen. the members of the Chapel; provided, that all hours in excess of said designated hours shall be considered as overtime. Section 7. — Job Pressmen alternating between case and press shall receive as a minimum scale, $3.00 per day. Section 8. — Pressmen alternating between job and cylinder presses shall re- ceive as a minimum rate, $3.25 per day. Section, 9. — All Job Pressmen running cylinder presses shall be governed by the apprenticeship laws of this Union. Section 10. — Cylinder Feeders shall receive as a minimum rate, $14.00 per week. Section 11. — All Cylinder Pressmen shall be taken from the floor of press- room, or from job pressmen who have served at least one year on cylinder presses. [Signed] : Witness : QUABBY WORKERS. Agreement between the Granite Marmfacturers of Cape Ann and Branch No. 86 of the Quarry Worker^ International Union of North America, of SocTcport, March SS, 1911, to March 1, 1916. It is hereby mutually agreed by and between the Cape Ann Branch of Quarry Workers' International Union and the Granite Manufacturers of Cape Ann, Mass., as follows: That on and after March 22nd, 1911, the following agreement shall go into effect and remain in force until March 1, 1916 : — Article 1. — That eight hours shall constitute a day's work. Article S. — That all work over eight hours shall be paid for as time and one- half, and Sundays and Holidays shall be paid as double time. Holidays to be observed shall be Memorial Day, July 4th, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas. Article S. — That Experienced Quarrymen, Derrickmen, and Air Plug Drillers shall be paid not less than twenty-five cents per hour. This article is subject to such changes as the condition of business will warrant on and after March 1, 1913, ninety days' notice being given and committees with full powers from both parties to consider the matter. Article 4. — That competent men operating steam or air tripod drills shall be paid not less than twenty-seven cents (27o.) per hour. Article 5. — That Blacksmiths and Tool Sharpeners shall be advanced one and one-half cents (l%c.) per hour. Minimum blacksmiths thirty-three cents per hour (33c.). Article 6. — Men shovelling coal in vessel's hold shall be paid not less than thirty (30) cents per hour. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 267 Quarry Workers. Article 7. — Men attending cranes in Stone Sheds shall receive not less than twenty-seven (27) cents per hour. Article 8. — That no unnecessary delay shall occur in men receiving their pay on the regular pay day. Article 9. — That common laborers shall not come under the jurisdiction of this agreement until after they have been in the employ of the Manufacturer for at least three months; after that they shall receive not less than twenty- three (23) cents per hour. Article 10. — It is mutually agreed by the parties hereto, that should any dis- agreement of any kind arise, it shall be settled by and between the employer and employees on the works where the dispute arises. Pending such settlement it is agreed that there shall be no strike, lockout, or suspension of work. The same failing to agree, the dispute to be left to a Committee of three, one to be selected by the Manufacturer, one by the Employees, the third to be selected by the two so appointed, and he must be a disinterested party, the decision of the majority to be final; decision to be rendered within ten days. Article 11. — Should either party desire a change to take effect March 1, 1916, three months' notice shall be given in writing previous to March 1, 1916, specify- ing the change desired. If no notice be given then this agreement shall hold in force for another year and from year to year thereafter, with notice of change as provided above. For the Quarry Workers: For the Manufacturers: RAILROAD STATION EMPLOYEES. Agreement between the Boston and Maine Bailroad and the General Board of Adjustment and Arbitration of the Brotherhood of Railroad Station Em- ployees. — In effect December SO, 1909. Genekal Eules. Application of Mules. 1. The rules of this schedule apply to baggage men, station men and crossing men at all stations, and to receiving clerks, delivery clerks, checkers and freight handlers at all stations outside of Boston. Copy of Agreement. 2. All having charge of men affected by these rules shall be furnished with a copy of this agreement. Promotions. 3. Promotions shall be made according to ability and merit. Those in charge of men affected by these rules will keep a record showing term of service. Vacancies Posted. 4. AU vacancies shall be posted for ten days in the respective departments at stations where they occur. 268 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Railroad Station Employees. Freference. 5. If a vacancy occurs in the day force, night men shall be given preference in filling position. 6. Men employed at a station shall be given preference in filling vacancies at that station. Temporarily Assigned. 7. Men temporarily assigned to work other than their own will receive com- pensation of position to which assigned; provided, in no case shall compensation be less than that of their regular position. Normal Day; Overtime; Extra Work. 8. A normal day shaU be established at every station covering either schedule, and wherever this has been adopted, overtime will be paid for all work in excess of same; thirty-one minutes to be considered one hour; less than thirty -one minutes not to be considered. If required to return after supper for extra work, one-half day shall be paid for four hours or less, and one day for any time over four hours. Excessive Hours. ' 9. If at any station it is considered excessive hours are being worked, immediate consideration shall be given by management and everything practicable done to improve conditions. Eight of Appeal. 10. Eight of appeal will be recognized. Beduotion in Force. 11. When there is to be a reduction in force on account of curtailment of ex- penses or otherwise, the man of least ability and the poorest record shall be the first laid off. Beiristatement. 12. In ease of reinstatement to partial or full force, the last man laid off shall be the first " reinstated, provided, however, that his record is clear and his work in the past has been creditable; senior service shall have the preference when ability and merit are equal. Feeight Department. Promotion. 13. Promotion in freight service shall be truckman to delivery, or receiving clerk to checker. Sunday and Soliday Worh. 14. Sunday and holiday work will be avoided as far as practicable. When required, however, compensation shall be given — for three hours or less, one-half day; for over three hours, one day; eight hours in nine to be considered a day's work. Baggage and Station Service. Uniforms or Caps. 15. At all stations where men are required to wear prescribed uniforms or caps, or both, they shall be furnished without expense to the wearer. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 269 Bailroad Station Employees. Bemuneration for Sunday Work. 16. Eemuneratiou for Sunday work will be allowed — one-half day for report- ing once, and one day for a total of over five hours' service. When force is reduced on Sundays overtime vdU be paid for time worked in excess of the maximum hours established for week days. Hours at Union Station, Boston. 17. At Union Station, Boston, ten hours in twelve shall constitute a day's work, all time worked over ten hours shall be paid for as provided in Eule 8. Signed : For the Company: General Superintendent. For Station Employees: General Chairman. Vice-General Chairman. Vice-General Chairman. Grand Secretary-Treasurer. BosTox, Mass., December 14, 1909. RAILBOAD SIONAI.M£N. Bules governing the Employment of Signalmen, New TorJc, New Haven and Hartford BaUroad Company. — In effect January 1, 1910. EULES GOVERXIXG THE EMPLOYMENT OP SIGNALMEN. Sign^men. 1. All foremen and men, except officers of the Department and office force, will be considered as Signalmen within the meaning of these rules, and are so referred to herein. Examination. 2. Signalmen must be sound of body and mind. Signalmen, above the grade of helpers, must be able to read and write in the English language, make up necessary reports, etc., and the official examiner will determine their efficiency by trial. They must satisfactorily pass the examination for acuteness of vision, hearing and sense of color as prescribed in the Company's Book of Eules, and shall be examined every three years. They will be examined mentally, and must show an understanding of the Eules of the Transportation Department, Time Tables, Block Signals, Whistle Signals, Flag Signals as displayed by trains, etc., and knowledge of what action to take in eases of emergency, as well as in routine work. They must show proficiency in signal work and care of the particular work assigned to them, and may be particularly questioned, and must show positive Lknowledge as to the precautions which must be taken in doing work which may in any way endanger the safe passage of trains. 270 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Railroad Signalmen. Character and Habits. 3. The Supervisors must investigate and determine, as far as possible, the character and habits of Signalmen, and shall carefully note their ability to do work economically and well. No man will be employed as a Signalman who is addicted to the use of intoxicating liquors, and any Signalman appearing on duty under the influence of intoxicants, or in whose possession when on duty intoxi- cants are found, shall be peremptorily discharged. Age Limit. 4. No man will be appointed as Signalman whose age is over fifty-five (55) years, and no Signalman over fifty-five (55) years of age will be transferred or promoted to another position, except at the discretion of the Signal Engineer. Hours of Work. 5. Employees must report for duty at their respective headquarters at 7.00 a.m., and complete their work at their headquarters at 5.30 p.m., . Saturdays excepted, when, allowing one-half hour for lunch, they shall complete their work at their headquarters at 4.00 p.m. Hours for Shopmen shall be from 7.00 A.M. to 5.00 P.M., Saturdays excepted, when the hours shall be from 7.00 a.m. to 4.00 p.m., allowing one hour at noon for lunch. If train service does not permit employees to depart or arrive at their head- quarters at the stated time. Signalmen shall concede not more than thirty-one minutes either way. Bate of Pay. 6. An employee assigned temporarily to other than his regular work, for a period of not more than fifteen (15) days, shall receive no extra compensation therefor. Overtime, Etc. 7. Work required of employees on Sundays, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day will be paid for at the rate of " time and one-quarter " up to 6.00 o'clock p.m., after which they will receive " time and one-half." Employees required to remain on their work until 8.00 P.M. during week days, other than holidays, or when they are not able to return to their headquarters before 8.00 p.m., will be paid straight time for overtime, and " time and one- half " for additional work after 8.00 P.M. Men called out at night to make repairs or to perform night duty, other than the duties of a regular Night Repairman, will receive " time and one-half " for the time during which they are actually on duty. When a Signalman is ordered to remain away from his home over night, on account of distance or lack of train service, the Eailroad Company will allow him expenses not to exceed $1.00 per day. Investigation. 8. An employee will not be disciplined without a hearing, unless he waive such hearing. If suspended pending investigation, the investigation shall be held within seven (7) days from date of suspension. If the charge is not sustained, the employee will be allowed to resume his duties if he desires. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 271 Railroad Signalmen. When the investigation results nnfavorably to an employee, he shall have the right, either in person or through a committee of employees of the same class, to appeal to the higher officials of the Department in their respective order, np to and including the Signal Engineer; the decision of the Signal Engineer to be final; the result to be furnished on request to the Signal Engineer. An employee of the Signal Department, when summoned by the BaUroad Com- pany to attend an investigation, shall unless he be a subject for discipline, be paid his regular rate of wages for the time so occupied, but no traveling ex- penses. Vacancies. 9. In case a vacancy or new position is to be filled, the foreman of each force in the district where the vacancy or new position exists, will be notified, and he shall post a notice of such vacancy; new position to be filled from the rante or as the Signal Engineer may elect. After one position has been filled through application, the Signal Engineer will fill the other positions or make promotions necessary by reason of the filling of the first vacancy. Employees shall be allowed seven days in which to make application for a position. An Mnployee having applied for a position must accept the position if allotted to liiw Any permanent position caused by vacancy will not be filled until the appoint- ment has been approved by the Signal Engineer. Employees receiving $1.75 or more per day may, after one year of service, make application for a position not to exceed an increase in pay of fifty cents per day. Employees laid off on account of reduction in force shall, if reinstated within twelve months, hold rating which thev enjoyed at time of their release. CaiLse for Discharge. 10. Signalmen failing to report for duty on time without Supervisor's permis- sion, or who, without leave of absence, are found absent from the work, and who are without an adequate excuse, will be warned, and on a second occurrence shall be discharged. Signalmen found doing work without efficient protection, thus endangering the safety of trains, may be suspended or discharged, as in the opinion of the Supervisor the seriousness of the ease demands. The inability of a Signalman to keep his assignment in a neat and proper condition to the satisfaction of the Supervisor, may be sufficient cause for his discharge, or reduction in rank. Signalmen failing to obey orders without reasons satisfactory to their superior shall be suspended or discharged. Change of Sesidence. 11. When the Signal Engineer requires an employee to change his residence from one place to another, the employee will be allowed free railroad transporta- tion for his household goods to such new place of abode, and shall be allowed his regular pay during the time which the Signal Engineer considers necessary for him to move his effects. 272 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Kallroad Signalmen. Issuance of Passes. 12. Signalmen will be furnislied Time Passes between the stations on the territory on which they are employed. A Signalman or his family will be entitled to a trip pass to any point on the system once in six months, and a trip pass for his family to any point on the division covered by the Signalman's pass once each calendar month. Such passes will not be issued to a helper or a laborer receiving less than $2.00 per day. Special concessions will • be made under extenuating circumstances, such as sickness, death, etc. The granting of free transportation as hereinbefore provided shall not con- tinue if it in any way conflicts with any law, or with such regulations or rul- ings as may from time to time be made by the Interstate Commerce Commission or the Eailroad Company affecting its employees in general. Agreement. 13. This agreement shall take effect January 1, 1910; shall be carried out in good faith by all parties interested, and shall continue in force for one year, and thereafter until thirty days' notice in writing has been given by either party to the other requesting a change. Foe the New Yoek, New Haven i Hartford Railroad Company, Approved : CMef Engineer. Vice-President. Signal Engineer. Engineer, M. of W. For the Signalmen, Approved : Chairman. Secretary. STREET BAILWAY EMPLOYEES. Agreement between Bay State Street Bailway Company and Divisions Nos. 174, of Fall Biver; S35, of BrocTcton; SS8, of Lynn; SiO, of Chelsea; MS, of Taunton; S46, of Salem; S49, of Wakefield; S5S, of Quincy ; S61, of Lawrence; 270, of Gloucester; 280, of Lowell; 284, of Nashua, N. H.; S73, of Hyde Park; 473, of Woiurn; SOS, of Haverhill; and 541, of Chelsea; of the Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Bailway Employees of America, October 2, 1910, to October 2, 1914. Articles or Aoeeement. Entered into by and between the Boston & Northern Street Hallway Company,' its successors and assigns, hereinafter called the " Company," party of the first part, and the Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Eailway Employees * A similar agreement was made with the Old Colony Street Railway Company, Both of these rail- ways later consolidated under the name of the Bay State Street Railway Company. Part III.] COLLECTIVT; AGREEMENTS. 273 Street Railway Employees, of America, and the several Divisions thereof, numbered respectively 240, 238, 280, 246, 270, 249, 261, 284, 503, 473 and 541, hereinafter called the "Associa- tion," which term shall include both the Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Eailway Employees of America and each of said several Divisions, party of the second part: WITNESSETH, that In the operation of the Eailway of the Company, and re- specting the relations to exist during the term of this contract between the Company and those of its employees who for the time being shall be members of said Association, both parties hereunto mutually agree: Section I. — That the Company through its proper officers, shall treat when occasion therefor may arise, with those of its employees in their collective capacity who may for the time being be members of said Association, through the properly accredited officers and the committees of said several Divisions, and the officers of said Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Eailway Em- ployees of America. Section II. — That the wages paid by the Company to its Motormen and Con- ductors shall be as follows, all the periods of time hereinafter stated to begin with the first day of the calendar month following the day of actual employment in the ease of each Motorman and Conductor, viz : — During the first year of employment, twenty-two and one-half (22%c) cents per hour; During the second year of employment, twenty-three and one-half (23%c) cents per hour; During the third, fourth and fifth years of employment, twenty-four and one- half (24%e) cents per hour; During the sixth and seventh years of employment, twenty-five and one-half (25%c) cents per hour; During the eighth and all subsequent years of employment, twenty-six and one- half (26%e) cents per hour. Section III. — 'The hours now constituting a day's work for shopmen, pit- men, car cleaners, respectively, on the difEerent Divisions of the Company's raaway, shall remain as at present, and the wages at present paid said classes of employees respectively, except ia the ease of apprentices shall be increased five per cent (5%) over the wages paid by the Company to said employees re- spectively. All day car-repaii men who have worked all day and up to midnight on any day, shall whenever they are required to work after midnight, receive pay at the rate of time and one-half, for all work performed between midnight and the regular hour for beginning work in the morning. Section IF —All Conductors and Motormen regularly employed by the Com- pany shall, when circumstances do not permit of their doing their regular and customary work, receive a preference in assignment to snow-plow work, and such regular men when employed as foremen upon snow-plow work shall be paid at the rate of thirty-five cents per hour, and when otherwise employed upon snow- plow work, Shan be paid at the rate of thirty (30) cents per hour, and meals. 274 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. street Railway Employees, when rendered necessary by the exigencies of the work, shall be furnished or paid for by the Company during such snow-plow work. Section V. — No Motorman or Conductor shall be compelled to work overtime except on Sundays, Holidays, days of unusual travel and in extreme cases. Section VI. — That all men shall be paid from the time they are marked up for duty or when asked to report for duty, and so reporting, until relieved from duty. All men running regular cars and asked to run extras, after completion of regular car-run, shall be paid continuous time. Section VII. — That where Conductors or Motormen are required to lose time looking up evidence, or in making out reports or statements as to accidents or the usual accident reports before noon of .the following day, they shall be paid for their time at their regular rate of pay. Section VIII. — That where any member of the Association, employed by the Company has been suspended or discharged and the Association feels, after a careful investigation on its part (the Company co-operating to a reasonable extent), that an injustice has been done him, the Association shall have the right to take up the case first with the Division Superintendent, and if it cannot reach a satisfactory adjustment with the Division Superintendent, it shall have the right to appeal the case to the General Superintendent, and if it cannot reach a satis- factory adjustment with the General Superintendent, it shall have the right to appeal the ease to the General Manager. If it is determined that such Con- ductor, Motorman or Employee was unjustly laid off or discharged, he shall be reinstated in his former position and paid for all time lost. Section IX. — All competent employees shall have choice of runs according to their continuous length of time in the service of the Company. General choice of runs shall be given upon any and all time-table changes, but not less often than twice a year, if properly requested by the Division affected. This provision shall not apply to the Highland Circuit Line in Lynn. Permanent vacancies shall be filled by seniority choice from vacancy down, by posting for choice within 10 days and temporary vacancies be filled from spare list. Leave of absence (illness and absence from country, excepted) shall be limited to 30 consecutive days in any three months. Section X. — Except in cases of emergency, where special schedules are ar- ranged, all changes in schedules, or new schedules, shall be posted at least forty- eight (48) hours before going into effect. Section XI. — All new service cars and snow-plows hereafter built, purchased or otherwise added to the Company's equipment, shall be vestibuled. Section XII. — The Company shall provide a book or card for the Motormen and Conductors in which to register their names and dates they respectively wish to be off duty, but not more than seven (7) days prior thereto. The first on the list to have preference, except as to Sundays, which shall be apportioned equitably. Each Motorman and Conductor shall be allowed one day off in every week if he so desires, at the convenience of the Company. Section XIII. — Subject to the rules of the Company, whenever any oflcial, whether local or international of the Association, is called upon to carry on any business of the above-named Association, he shall be granted a leave of absence. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 27c street Hallway Employees. Section Xir. — The party of the first part agrees to furnish to each of its employees free transportation over the Division in which such employees are respectively employed; and upon request will furnish transportation to a reasonable extent over other parts of the Company's system. Section XV. — That should any serious difficulty arise between the parties hereto in respect to matters not treated of in this Agreement, or in respect to the true intent and meaning of any provision hereof, or in respect to any re- adjustment of wages requited by either party, as provided in Section XVIII (excepting all questions of discipline which shall be governed in the method provided in Section VJJLI), and after a consideration of the difficulty by a joint committee of said several Local Divisions and a determination by said committee that the difficulty is of sufficient seriousness to be called to the attention of the Company, and if the parties shall find that such difficulty cannot be amicably adjusted between themselves, the issue involved in such difficulty between the parties shall be submitted upon the request of either party to the other (it being agreed that a request by the President of the Company to the International President of the Association and to the President of the Local Division afEected, or by the International President of the Association or the President of the Local Division affected to the President of the Company, shall be sufficiently pre- sented and received respectively) to a special Board of Arbitration to consist of three disinterested persons, who shall be selected as follows: The Company shall select one member of said board, the Association shall select one member, and the two members so selected shall select a third member, and the finding or decision of such board or of the majority of the members thereof shall be binding on the Company and on the Association. All expenses of the Board of Arbitration shall be borne as foUows: — each party shall pay the arbitrator of its own selection and the parties hereto shall jointly pay the third arbitrator. In case a matter is submitted to arbitration, the question or questions to be determined by the Board of Arbitration shall be specified in writing and each party hereto shall select its arbitrator within five (5) days after such specifications shall have been given by either party to the other, and the two arbitrators shall meet daily until the third has been by them selected, and the failure of either party to select its arbitrator within five (5) days shall warrant a finding by the arbitrator selected by the other party on the issue submitted in the written specifications. Any request, notice of written speci- fication under this section from the Company to the Association shall be held to be properly served if addressed to the Secretary of the Committee representing the several Local Divisions, or the President of the Local Division in which the dispute arises, and the International President of the Association, and delivered to or left at the residence of either, and any such request, notice or specification from the Association to the Company shaU be held to be properly served if addressed to the President of the Company and delivered to the President or Vice President, or the Treasurer of the Company at its principal office, or place of business, in the City of Boston. Section XT/. — The Company wiU do nothing to prevent or discourage any employee from becoming or continuing to be a member of said Association, and 276 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. street Bailway Employees, shall in no way discriminate against a member thereof because of such member- ship; and that said Association shall not diseriminate against any person in the employ of said Company because of his refusal to join said Association or to continue a member thereof; but if any member of said Association is expelled or suspended from his membership therein, for violation of any of the provisions of this agreement, the Company, being satisfied that said expulsion or suspension was for such reason, and was justifiable, shall dismiss such employee from its service; that if any member of said Association employed by the Company shall neglect or refuse to pay to said Association any dues or assessments which have duly become a liability from him to said Association during his membership thereof, and while such employee, and before notice in writing by him to the Secretary of the Local Division of said Association of which he is a member of his withdrawal therefrom and surrender of his membership therein, and shall continue such refusal to pay such sum or sums as are so justly due from him to said Association, after a determination by the Company of the justice of the claim of said Association for such sums from such employee, the Company will discharge such employee from its service, or suspend him until all such svims have been paid. Section XVII. — It is further agreed that in consideration of the agreements of the Company herein contained each and all of the employees of said Company who are, or may hereafter become, members of said Association, shall conduct themselves to the best of their ability as becomes gentlemen, be courteous to the passengers of the Company, and to the traveling public desirous of using or using the service furnished by said Company, and shall work at all times and in all ways in respect to all matters for the best interests of said Company, and will be respectful, loyal and faithful to said Company and its ofScers, will support and defend its reputation and conduct, and endeavor in all ways to promote its success and the quality and efficiency of its service, and will co-operate with its officers, reporting any respects in which such service can be improved, or the success of the Company promoted. Section XVIII. — This agreement shall go into effect October second, 1910, and shall be binding upon the Boston & Northern Street Railway Company, and upon said Association and the said several Local Divisions, and upon all persons who are now, or may at any time hereafter during the continuance thereof be- come members of said Association, and shall remain in full force and effect re- specting all subject matters herein treated from and after said date until the expiration of four (4) years from and after the second day of October in the year 1910, provided however, that on October first, 1912, either party hereto may ask for a consideration and revision of the schedule of wages hereinbefore in Sections II and III, fixed and agreed upon, if such party gives to the other party not less than thirty days' notice previous to said October first, 1912, of its wish to take up with the other party said question. Any such notice to be given and served in the manner provided in Section XV hereof. In Witness Whereof said Boston & Northern Street Eailway Company has caused these presents to be signed in triplicate by its President, and said As- sociation has caused the same to be signed by its International President and Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 277 street Railway Employees, said Local Divisions have severally caused the same to be signed by their re- spective Presidents or Delegates, all hereunto duly authorized, this 27th day of September, 1910. Boston & Xobthern Steeet Eailwat CoMPAjrr, By President. AitALGAMATED ASSOCIATION OF STEEET AND EMICTKIC EaILWAT Employees of Amebica, By International President, Local Divisions 238, 240, 246, 249, 261, 270, 280, 284, 473, 503, 541, A. A. OF S. & E. B. E. op A., By Presidents. Old CiOLONT Steeet Eailwat C!ompant, By Vice-President. Amalgamated Association op Steeet and Electeic Eailway Employees of Amebica, By International President, Local Dmsioxs 174, 235, 243, 253, 373, A. A. op S. & E. E. E. op a.. By Presidents, STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. STATISTICAL TABLES. Table I. — Number of Unions Reporting Agreements Accepted and not Accepted in 1911 by Firms within Their Jurisdiction, Showing Specified Proportions of Firms Signing Such Agreements: By Occupations. Occupations. NoMBBK OF Unions Repoktinq Aqbeements Signed by — Num- ber of Unions Having Num- ber of Unions Having Verb- Num- ber of Unions Re- Num- ber of Unions An- port- ing No Agree- ments More One- half or Less Doubt- Signed ally Ac- swer- AU than ful or Agree- cepted ing In- Firms One- half Not Stated ments Agree- ments quiry! All Occupations. 259 103 60 108 S30 42 654 ! 1,226 Bakers and confectioners, 2 7 1 1 11 1 3 15 Barbers, .- . . 3 9 - 3 15 19 34 Bartenders, 12 2 1 15 12 27 Blacksmiths 1 1 _ 1 3 S 3 Boilermakers, 1 1 1 2 5 7 12 Bookbinders, ... _ 1 1 2 ■ 3 Boot and shoe workers. S7 B u 21 81 n 9i Boot and shoe workers (mixed), 10 2 6 4 21 10 31 Cutters, S — 2 2 9 _ g Edgemakers, 2 _ 2 4 _ 4 Lasters i 1 1 3 9 3 12 Stitchers 2 1 3 6 2 8 Treers, dressers, and packers, . 4 2 1 1 8 8 Turn workmen, 6 _ _ _ 6 _ g Others, ... 4 4 2 8 18 2 20 Bottlers and drivers. 7 1 3 1 g Brewery workmen. 7 1 2 10 „ 10 Bricklayers, masons and plasterers, 4 1 1 3 9 1 38 48 Carmen, railway . 2 - - 2 1 3 Car workers and inspectors, . 9 - _ _ 9 _ 1 10 Carpenters, 2 1 1 1 5 6 126 137 Cigar makers, 5 1 _ 6 I 9 16 Clerks, railway 17 - _ 2 19 5 24 Clerks, retail . - 3 2 1 6 8 14 Compositors, ... Conductors, railway 2 5 9 2 18 2 20 1 4 5 5 Cooks and waiters. 2 1 1 4 3 7 Coopers, 1 1 2 2 4 Cutting die and cutter makers, . 1 - _ 1 2 _ 4 5 Electrical workers, 3 2 3 3 3 13 24 Engineers (hoisting and portable). 2 1 3 s 8 Engineers, locomotive 6 - _ 1 7 _ 7 Engineers, stationary . 4 1 2 7 _ 6 13 Firemen, locomotive 7 2 9 g Firemen, stationary 1 _ 4 5 14 19 Freight handlers and clerks, . 1 - 1 2 2 2 a Garment workers, . 1 2 3 2 8 1 10 19 Glass workers, .... 4 4 Government employees (U. S.), . _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 Granite cutters. 10 5 _ 2 17 _ 4 21 Hat and cap makers. 3 1 _ 4 _ 2 6 Hod carriers and building laborers. 1 2 1 4 8 1 13 22 Horseshoers 2 1 3 1 2 g Lathers (wood, wire, and metal), . 1 _ 1 11 12 Laundry workers, .... 1 1 _ 1 3 3 Leather workers, . 1 _ 1 2 2 4 Longshoremen, _ 5 5 Machinists, 2 3 1 6 2 25. 33 ' The total membership of the 1,232 local unions in the State at the close of the year was 191,038. Of the 1,232 unions, 56, with a total membership of 5,624, failed to answer the inqumes relative to agree- ments. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 279 Table I. — Number of Unions Reporting Agreements Accepted and not Accepted in 1911 by Firms within Their Jurisdiction, Showing Specified Proportions of Firms Signing Such Agreements: By Occupations — Concluded. OCCOPATIONS. NrTUBBB OF Unionb RePOBTIKQ AQBBBMEWra Signed by — Num- ber of Unions Having Signed Num- ber of Unions Having Verb- Num- ber of Unions Re- Num- ber of Unions An- More One- half or Less Doubt- aUy Ac- port- ing No Agree- ments AU ful or Agree- cepted il]ig In- Firms One- half Not Stated ments Agree- ments quiry > All Occupations — Con. Hamtenance-of-way employees, . 7 - 1 8 _ 3 Metal polisheis, buffers, and platr era, . . ... — — 1 1 — 9 10 Moldera, 2 1 2 2 7 2 18 27 Hunicipal employees, - - - - - - 29 29 Uusuaans, ..... — 2 2 — 23 29 Painters, decorators, and paper- bangers. 3 10 1 2 16 6 37 59 Paper makers, .... 1 - - 1 1 2 4 PMtem makers. - - - - 6 6 Pavera and ranunermen. 1 1 2 - 1 3 Paving cutters 3 1 - 4 - 4 Hioto-engravers, - - 1 1 - 2 3 limnbers, steamfittera, and gas- fitters, ... 7 4 1 12 4 16 32 PrintiDg pressmen. 2 3 1 6 1 6 13 Quarry workers. 6 1 - 7 - "" 7 Boofera, ... 1 - - 1 — 3 4 Sheet metal workers. 2 2 1 — 5 2 7 14 4 - - 3 7 - 6 13 Steam, hot water and xwwer pipe fittera, and helpers, . - 1 1 - 6 7 Steam railroad employees (n. e. s. ) , 6 - 6 - 4 10 Stereotypers and electrotypers, . 2 1 3 2 5 Street and electric railway em- ployees 12 - 7 19 - 1 20 Tailors and dreMmakers, 3 - 3 1 7 - 1 8 ■Kamstera and drivers, . 7 9 1 4 21 1 14 36 Telegraphers, railroad 4 - - 1 5 - - 5 Te^le workers f - / t S I a a Xjoomfizers, . . . . - - — — 1 11 12 Mulespinners, 1 1 1 5 7 TextOe workers (mixed), . — - - - 3 3 Weavers, . . — 11 11 Wool sorters - - - 4 4 Othera - - 1 1 2 - 10 12 Theatrical stage employees, 4 5 2 1 12 1 I 14 ^^ainmen, railroad 14 - - 7 21 - - ^1 tjpholsterers, ... AU other occupations. 2 8 4 3 6 2 21 3 2 29 4 53 1 See footnote on p. 278. 280 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Table II. — Number of Unions Re-porting Agreements Accepted and not Ac- cepted in 1911 by Firms mthin Their Jurisdiction, Showing Specified Pro- portions of Firms Signing Such Agreements: By Localities. Ndmbbb or Unions Num- Num- ber of Num- Num- Repoetinq Agebements ber of Unions ber of Unions Re- port- ing No Agree- ments ber of Signed by — Unions Having Unions Having Signed Verb- ally Ac- An- swer- Localities. More One- half or Leas Doubt- All than ful or Agree- cepted ing In- Firms One- half Not Stated ments Agree- ments quiry! The State. 259 103 60 108 530 12 654 11,226 Beveblt, 2 2 _ 1 5 - 2 7 Boston, SO 24 15 27 116 12 132 260 Beockton, . 14 10 3 9 36 1 11 48 Cambbidoe, . - - 1 2 3 1 3 7 Cheiaea, 1 _ 1 - 2 - 7 9 Chicopee, - - - - - 1 8 9 Fall Riveb, . 6 5 1 2 14 1 22 37 Fitchbubq, . 8 4 2 3 17 1 9 27 Glodcesteb, . 6 1 1 - S 2 5 15 Hatebhill, U 6 - 2 22 1 6 29 Holtoke, 7 - 3 i 14 3 17 34 Lawbence, . 10 1 - 3 14 1 23 38 Lowell, 12 2 1 6 21 1 20 42 Ltnk, . 12 6 6 10 34 2 19 55 Malden, 2 - - 2 - 4 6 Mablbobodgh, 1 1 1 - 3 - 10 13 New Bedfobd, 2 4 1 4 11 1 26 38 Newbubtpobt, - - 1 1 2 - 3 5 Newton, - - - - 1 9 10 NoBTH Adams, 9 2 2 13 1 9 23 NOBTHAMPTON, 4 - - . 3 7 - 13 20 PiTTSPIELD, . 5 1 1 1 8 13 21 QtriNCT, . 7 4 1 - 12 13 25 Salem, . 5 5 1 6 17 13 30 SOMEBVILLE, . 2 - - 2 - 6 8 SpBINGFTFJiT>, 13 4 2 4 23 1 33 57 Taunton, ... 4 2 1 1 8 1 14 23 Walth»m, 1 1 2 1 7 10 WOBUBN, 1 - - - 1 - 3 4 WOKOESTEB 16 5 2 5 27 2 30 59 Other cities and towns, . 46 16 13 11 86 7 164 257 1 See footnote on p. 278. Part m.] collectrt: agreements. 2sl Table III. — Membership of Unions Reporting Agreements Accepted and not Accepted in 1911 by Firms wiihin Their Jurisdiction, Showing Specified Proportions of Firms Signing Svch Agreements: By Occupations. Occupations. UinoNS Having Signed WHhAU Bmployss in Juris- diction With Some but not All £mplf^0s in Juris- diction Total Total Member- ship erf All Unions Answering Inquiry 1 AU OccnpKtiozis. Bakers and c Barbera, Bartenders, Blacksmitl^, Boil^makeis, Bookbindecs, Boat and shoe worken. Boot and shoe workers (mixed). CuttQB, Lasters, Stitcbets. Ticns, diesseis, and pacers, Tom workmen. Others, . BottteEB and driT^s, . Brewer y workmen, BrieUayoB, masons, and plasteieES, Onmen, railway GanraikeQ and inspectors, Onprnliera, __ _, xallway CleriE8,vetaa ConhictiRB, railway Co(^ and wiuteis. CD^ng die and cutter makers, Sbebacal workers. Eng^neczs (hoisting and portable), En^neers (loocnootive), Enejneras (stationaiy), Fli^nen (loccunotiTe), ¥1iemen (stationuy), Ffgi gb t handlers and clerks. Gmnent work^B, (jlaas workers, • . -_. GoTranment employees (U. S.j, (jianite cutters, . Hat and cap makers, . _ . Hod c^trieiB and building laborers, Hnseshoexs, . , . ■ Idti^s (wood, wire, and metal), Imndry workers, leather vorkexs, Longshcnemen, Hachinisfes, . . . - • Haintenanoe-crf-way employees, Ifetal polishers, boffras, and plateis, . Moldem, . IfnnKipi^ CTaployees. FaintKs, deoorators, and piqierhangers, Bqierinakers. . Frttfflu makers, . PsTcxB and rammcamien. Paring cutters, . Fhoto-engzaTers, ■ ' _i- ' Ftmnbers, steamfitteis, and gasfitters. 42,398 1 63,080 177 447 156 1,469 996 1,945 76 52 83 226 150 uas» tojni 4^71 6342 2JXI 2,033 598 315 1.796 2.021 1,074 2.332 881 1,471 2,065 — 607 6.161 645 525 1,401 m 220 833 470 — 826 — 187 173 456 128 1.120 47 - 853 90 2,361 69 738 1,485 10 66 42 28 91 164 185 1,356 174 136 1,066 1,657 315 75 585 240 200 70 2,120 1.953 514 120 40 200 2,916 61 22 15 — 110 550 495 46 46 353 1.011 154 _ 154 150 1,063 _ 1,580 669 1,012 89 - 65 160 231 36 251 105,478 624 1.625 2,941 128 309 150 10,913 4,580 913 3,817 3,406 2,352 2,065 6,768 1,170 1,527 1,053 470 828 360 582 1,167 853 2,451 807 1,485 76 70 255 185 1,530 1,202 1.972 660 440 2.190 2,467 160 3,116 83 15 I 660 541 1,165 154 1,213 1,580 1,681 267 222 615 1 See footnote on p. 278. 282 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Table III. — Membership of Unions Reporting Agreements Accepted and not Accepted in 1911 by Firms within Their Jurisdiction, Showing Specified Proportions of Firms Signing Such Agreements: By Occupations — Con- cluded. Occupations. All Occupations — Con. Printing pressmen Quarry workers Roofers, Sheet metal workers Station agents and employees (n. e. s.). Steam, hot water and power pipe fitters, and helpers Steam railroad employees, ... Steieotypers and electrotypers ' Street and electric railway employees, Tailors and dressmakers. Teamsters and drivers. Textile wjorfters, . Loomfixers, Mulespinners, . Textile workers (mixed), Weavers, . Wool sorters, . Others, Telegraphers, railroad Theatrical stage employees, Trainmen, railroad tjpholstereis, AU other occupations, Mbmbbbship of Unions Having Signed Agbebments With All Emplojrers in Juris- diction 182 719 30 37 619 702 27 2,366 62 1,932 140 3,109 130 1,107 With Some but not AU Employers in Juris- diction 819 120 255 108 U9 1,616 234 6,441 1,200 45 375 781 1,216 2,802 Total 1,301 839 30 636 874 108 702 176 3,982 296 8,373 J,S4S 1,200 45 1,067 921 4,325 130 3,909 Total Member- ship of All Unions Answering Inquiry' 1,452 839 118 932 1,713 540 1,031 387 4,042 336 10,241 15,777 2,743 1,921 1,292 6,743 735 2,343 1,057 976 4,326 390 6,338 ' See footnote on p', 278. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 283 Table IV. — Collective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911. NoTB. — The principal subjects dealt with in the Agreementa are indicated in the last column. The abbreviations used denote: W., vages; H., hours; A., apprentices; Ar., arbitration; Ar. S. B., arbitra- tion State Board; C. S., closed shop; L., union label, union stamp, or shop card; S., sanitaiy conditions. Dates on Dates on Principal OCCTJPATIOSS. Localities which Present Agreement which Present Agreement Subjects dealt with took E£fect Expires in Agreements Bakers and Confectioners. Bakers, Boston, . May 1, 1910 May 1, 1911 W.,H.,Ar.S.B., C.S., L. Bakera, Boston, . Aug. 18, 1911 May 1, 1914 W.,H.,Ar.,C.S. • Bakers, ... Boston, . May 1,1911 May 1, 1912 Bakers and confectioners, . Brockton, — , 1906 Indefinite W., H., A., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. Bakers, Holyoke, May 1,1911 May 1,1912 W., H., A., At., C. S., L., S. Bakers, Lynn, May 1, 1911 Apr. 30, 1912 W., H., A., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. Bakss, ... Lynn, . May 1, 1911 May 1,1912 W., H., C. S., L. Bakers, New Bedford, May 1, 1911 May 1, 1912 W.,H.,A.,C.S., S. Bakers and confectionery work- ere. Salem, May 1,1911 Apr. 30, 1912 W.,H.,A.,Ar.S. B., C. S., L., S. Bakers, Springfield, Jun. 1,1911 Jun. 30, 1912 W.,H.,A..Ar.S. B.,C.S.,L.,S. Bakere, Taunton, May 1,1911 Apr. 30, 1912 W.,H.,A.,C.S., S. Bakers, Worcester, Jun. 14, 1910 May 1, — Barbers. , Barbers, Athol, . Sep. -, 1910 Indefinite W.,H. Barbers, Boston,. Aug. 1, 1911 Aug. 1, 1912 W., H. IsSS: . Brockton, Deo. 30. 1911 Indefinite A., C. S., L. Clinton, Apr. -,1909 Indefinite Barbers. Fitchburg, — , 1901 Indefinite - Barbers, Framingham, Jul. 1, 1908 Jul. 1, 1912 - Barbers, HaverhiU, Apr. 1, 1910 Indefinite H., A., C. S., L. Barbers, Holyoke, Jul. 4, 1903 Indefinite H., A., C. S., L. Barbers, lAwrence, — , 1905 Indefinite - - * Barbers, Lynn, . Jul. 19,1902 Indefinite W.,H.,C.S.,L. Barbers, North Adams, Jan. 1, 1911 Dec. 31, 1912 - - Barbers, Rockland, . Feb. 2, 1910 Indefinite - Barbers, Salem, . — , 1902 Indefinite A., C. S., L. Barbera, Springfield, — , 1903 Indefinite — — Barbers, Worcester, Jun. 1,1911 Jun. 1,1912 W., H., C. S. Bartenders. Bartenders, Athol, May 1, 1911 May 1,1912 C. S., L. Bartenders, Boston,. Feb. -,1911 Indefiiute W., H., C. S., L. Bartenders, FaU River, . Nov. 1,1911 Jan. 1, 1913 Ar., C. S., L. Bartenders, Fitchburg, May 1,1911 May 1,1912 - - Bartenders, Gloucester, . Aug. 1, 1909 Indefinite - Bartenders, Haverhill, . Jun. 1,1911 Jun. 1, 19121 W., H., C. S. Bartenders, Holyoke, Jan. 1, 1911 Indefinite W., H., L. Bartenders, Lawrence, Apr. 30, 1908 Indefinite W.,H.,Ar.,C.S. Bartenders Milford, — , 1904 Indefinite - - Bartenders, New Bedford, Nov. 7,1911 May 1,1913 W.,H.,At.,C.S., L. Bartenders, North Adams, — . 1898 Indefinite Bartenders, Springfield, n.s. n.s. ~ Bartenders, Taunton, Jun. -1902 Indefinite - Bartenders, Ware, . n.s. n.s. C. S., L. ' Bartenders, 1:, Worcester, . May 1,1911 May 1,1912 > To continue while satisfactory. 284 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P- D- 15. Table IV. — Collective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911 —Continued. Occupations. Localities Blacksmiths. Blacksmiths, Blacksmiths, Blacksmiths, Boilermakers. Boilermakers, Boilermakera, . . _ - Boilermakers and iron ship builders, Boilermakera and helpers, . Boilermakers, drillers, and tap- pers. Bookbinders. Bindery women, Boot and Shoe Workers. Boot and Shoe Workers, Mixed. Boot and shoe workers, mixed, , Boot and shoe workers, mixed, . Boot and shoe workers, mixed, Boot and shoe workers, mixed, Boot and shoe workers, mixed. Machine operators. Boot and shoe workers, mixed, Boot and shoe workers, mixed, . Boot and shoe workers, mixed, . Shoe workers, mixed, . Boot and shoe workers, mixed, . Boot and shoe workers, mixed, . Boot and shoe workers, mixed. Boot and shoe workers, mixed. Boot and shoe workers, mixed, Boot and shoe workers, mixed, Boot and shoe workers, mixed. Boot and shoe workers, mixed, Boot and shoe workers, mixed, . Boot and shoe workers, mixed, Boot and shoe workers, mixed, . Fitchburg, Haverhill, Norwood, Boston, . Boston, . Greenfield, Norwood, Quincy, Boston, . Abington, Braintree, Bridgewater, Brockton, Easton, . Haverhill, Holbrook, Holliston, Lynn, . Lynn, . Middleborough , MiUord, Natick, . New Bedford, North Brookfield, Kandolph, Rockland, , Salem, Webster, Weymouth, . Whitman, Dates on which Present Agreement took Effect Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Jun. -, 1911 May 1, 1911 Sep. 12, 1911 May 1, 1908 Jun. 1, 1911 May 1. 1911 Oct. -, 1911 Sep. -, 1911 Mar. -, 1896 Apr. -, 1910 — . 1902 Oct. , 1911 n.s. Jul. 1, 1911 n.s, Oct. 16, 1909 — , 1906 — , 1900 n.s. — , 1903 May 15, 1911 — . 1904-1908 Mar. 27, 1906 Dec. 20, 1902 — , 1900 — . 1904' Sep. 25, 1909 Jul. -, 1901 Jan. -, 1901 Aug. -, 1908 Indefinite May 1, 1912 Indefinite 1 r Adjusted \ { yearly / May 31, 1912 May 1, 1912 Indefinite Sep. -, 1914 Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Oct. -, 1916 Indefinite Jul. 1, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite 3 Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite May -, 1912 Indefinite Sep. 25, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements W.,H. W.,H., A. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., At. S. B., C. S.. L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B.,. C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W.j At. S. B., C. S., L. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B„ C. 8., L. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., At. S. B., C. S.. L. 1 Agreement may be ended or changed on 30 days' notice. 3 Notice in writing of 90 days required on August 1 each year to end agreement. ' Approximate date. Part III,] . COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 2S5 Table IV. — Collective Agi'eements Reported in Operation in i57i —Continued. Occupations. Localities Boot and Shoe Workers — Con. Cutters. Cutters. Cutters, Cuttas. Sole leather cutters and sorters. Cutters, Cutt^^, Cutters, Cutters, Cutters, Edgemakers. Edgemakers, Edgemakers, Ekigemakers, Edgemakers, IdSt^S, lAsters, Idsters, tasters, Lasters, Lasters. lASters, Lasters, Lasters, Stitchers. Stitches (women), Stitcha:s, Shoe stitchers and cutters, Stitchers, Treera, Dressers, and Packers. Dressers and packers, Treers, I^c^ingHxmm. employee, Treers, ^cku^-room workers, Troos, Peking-room workers, lYeos, dressers, and packers, . Boston, . Brockton, Haverhill, Haverhill, Lynn, . Lynn, North Adams, Salem, . Whitman, Brockton, Haverhill, Salem, . Whitman, Beverly, Brockton, Haverhill, Ljrnn, Lynn, Marblehead, . North Adains, Whitman, Brockton, Haverhill, Lynn, Lynn, New Bedford, Whitman, Brockton, Brockton, Haverhill, Ha^srhill, Lynn, . North A. Salem, . Whitman, Dates on which Present Agreement took Effect Sep. -. 1909 May 6, 1907 Jan. 1, 1911 n.s. Apr. -, 1909 — . 1900 — . 1904 Sep. 1, 1911 — , 1910 n.s. n.s. Sep. 1, 1911 Aug. -, 1908 Feb. -. 1911 Jan. -. 1910 — . 1909 Dec. 22. 1910 — , 1900 Jul. 1, 1911 Dec. -. 1910 Dates on which Present Agreement Elxpires bep . 1 n.s n.s 1911 1908 — ■ 1909 1900 -. 1909 Jul 25, 1908 n.s. n.s. n.s. 1903 Various* -, 1901 Sep. 1, 1911 Aug. -, 1908 Sep. -, 1912 Indefinite Jan. 1, 1912 Indefinite Apr. -, 1912 Indefinite May 1, 1912 Sep. 1, 1912 Indefinite n.s. Indefinite Sep. 1, 1912 Indefinite Feb. -, 1912 Jan. -, 1913 Indefinite I Indefinite Indefinite Jul. 1, 1912 Indefiiiite Aug. 31, 1912 Aug. -, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Jan. -, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite^ Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Aug. 31, 1912 Indefinite Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements W., \i. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B.. C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., A., At., At. S. B., C. S. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. Ar., C. S. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. H..Ar.,Ar.S.B., C.S. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W.. Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ai. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W. W., Ar. S C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B, C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B. C. S., L. B., W., Ar. S. C. S., L. W., Ar. S. C. S., L. W., Ar. S. C. S., L. W., Ar. S. C. S., L. W. W., Ar. S. C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. 1 Notice of 90 days required to end or change agreement. 3 Piece-price li^ts signed at various dates. 286 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Table IV. — Collective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911 — Continued. Occupations. Localities Dates on whicli Present . Agreement took Effect Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements Boot and Shoe Workers — Con. Turn Workmen. Turn workmen Shoe workers protective (turn workmen), Turn workmen, . Turn workmen, . Turn workmen, . Turn workmen, . Finishers, Others . Heelers, sluggers, breasteis, and shavers, .... Skivers, Solefasteners and roughrounders, Sole leather workers, . Vampers, Machine workmen (shoe workers protective). Sole leather workers, . Buttonhole operators, finishers, buttoners, and eyeletters. Glaziers Goodyear operators. Independ- ent, ... Goodyear operators. Grain counter workers. Heel workers. Stocks tters. Sole fasteners, Stockfitters, Stockfitters, Bottlers and Drivers. Bottlers and drivers, . Bottlers and drivers, . Bottlers and drivers, . Beer drivers, Bottlers, Bottlers and drivers, . Bottlers and drivers, . Bottlers and drivers, . Brewery Workmen. Brewery workmen, Brewery workmen. Brewery workers. Brewery workmen. Brewery workmen. Brewery workmen. Brewery workmen. Beverly, Haverhill, Haverhill, Lynn, . Marblehead, Wakefield, Brockton, Brockton, Brockton, Brockton, Brockton, Brockton, Haverhill, Haverhill, Lynn, . Lynn, . Lynn, . Lyim, Lynn, Lynn, . Lynn, . North Adams, North Adams, Salem, . Boston, . Fall River, Lawrence, Lowell, . Lowell, . Pittsfield, Springfield, Worcester, Boston, . Boston, , Fall River, . Holyoke, Lawrence, Lowell, . New Bedford, n.s. n.s. n.s. n.s. n.s. — , 1902 Jan. -, 1910 — , 1903 — , 1910 — . 1899-1903 n.s. n.s. n.s. Feb. Sep. -, 1911 -, 1911 May -, 1910 — , 1900 May 1, 1910 Jun. 1, 1911 May 1, 1911 n.s. — . 1910 Sep. 1, 1911 Mar. 17, 1911 Apr. -, 1911 — , 1909 May r, 1910 May 1, 1910 May 1, 1912 Apr. 1, 1910 MTay 1, 1911 Apr. 6, 1911 Mar. -, 1911 Jun. 1, 1911 Apr. 1, 1910 Apr. 1, 1909 May 1, 1910 May 1, 1911 Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Jan. -, 1913 Indefinite Indefinite n.s. n.s. n.s. n.s. Feb. -, 1912 Sep. -, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite May 1, 1914 Jan. 1, 1913 May 1, 1912 n.s. — , 1913 Aug. 31, 1912 Mar. 1, 1913 Jun. 1, 1912 Apr. 1, 1912 Indefinite May 1, 1913 May 1, 1913 Apr. 1, 1913 Apr. 30, 1912 Apr. 1, 1913 Mar. -, 1913 Jun. 1, 1912 Apr. Apr. May May 1, 1913 1, 1912 1, 1913 1, 1913 W. W. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W. W. W. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., At. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W., Ar. S. B., C. S., L. W. W.. Ar. S. B., 6. S., L. W., A., Ar. W., Ar. S. B., (5. S.,L. W., H., A., Ar. W., Ar., C. S. W.,Ar.,Ar.S.B., ds. W., Ar. S. B C. S., L. W.. Ar. f C. S., L. B., W., H., Ar. S. B., W., H.' Ar., C. S. W.,H.,Ar.,C.S. W., H., Ax., Ar. S. B., C. S. W.,H.,Ar.,C.E W., H., A., Ar., At. S.B.,C. S. W.. H., A., Ar., C. S. W., H., A., Ar., ds. W.. H., A., Ar., C. S. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 287 Table IV. — Collective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911 — Continued. Occupations. Localities Dates on which Present Agreement took Effect Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements Brewery Workmen — Con. Brewery workmen, Brewery workers, Brewery workmen, Bricklayers, Masox^, and Plasterers. Plasterers, ... Bricklayers and masons, . Bricklayers, masons, and plas- terers, Bricklayers, masons, and plas- Bricklayers and plasterers, . Bricklayers and masons, Bricklayers, Bricklayers and plasterers, Bricklayers, masons, and plas- terers, . . . . Carmen, Railway. Railway carmen, Railway carmen. Carpenters. House Carpenters, Carpenters, . . . . Carpenters, Carpenters, Railroad Carpenters, Carpenters, . . , . Carpenters, ... Carworkers and Inspectors. Carworkers, Carworkers, Carworkers, Carworkers, Carworkers, Carworkers, Carworkers, Carworkers, Carworkers, Cigrarmakers. Cigarmakers, Cigarmakers, Cigarmakers, Cigarmakers, Cigarmakers, Cigarmakers, Clerks, Railway. Railway clerks. Railway clerks, Railway clerks, Railway clerks, Railway clerks, Railway clerks, Railway clerks, . Railway clerks, . Railway clerks, . Railway clerks, . Railway clerks, . Pittefield, Springfield, Worcester, Boston, . Fitchbxirg, Framingham, Great Barrington,, Greenfield, . Haverhill, Lowell, . New Bedford, Newburyport, Boston, . Boston, . Danvers, Great Barrington, , Marlborough, Hyde Park, Hyde Park, . Ayer, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Fitchburg, Greenfield, Hyde Park, Springfield, Worcester, Gloucester, Lowell, . Lynn, Milfordj Springfield, Westfield, Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Fall River, . Fitchburg, Framingham, Greenfield, ■ Holyoke, May 1, 1911 Apr. 1, 1910 May 1, 1910 Jan. Apr. 1911 1911 Jul. 1, 1911 — , 1902 May 1, 1911 May 1, 1911 May -, 1909 n.s. May 1, 1910 May 1, 1911 Sep. -, 1911 May 1, 1911 May 1, 1910 Jun. -, — Oct. 1, 1911 May 1,1911 May 1, 1912 Apr. 1, 1913 May 1, 1913 Jan. Apr. 1, 1912 1, 1912 Jul. 1, 1911 May -, 1911 — J 1910 Jun. 1, 1911 Jun. 16, 1911 Jun. 15, 1911 1908 Jun. 1, 1911 Oct. 1, 1911 a.s. 1899 Sep. 1, 1907 •hil. 2, 1906 Jun. 1, 1903 Jun. 2, 1902 1910 Oct. -, 1910 1910 1910 Nnv 15, 1909 1910 Nov 15, 1909 Jill. -, 1910 Nnv 15, 1909 1910 Nov 15, 1909 Indefinite Indefinite May 1, 1012 May 1, 1912 May 1, 1912 Indefinite May 1, 1912 Indefinite 1 May 1, 1912 May 1, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite* May 1, 1912 Indefinite* May -, 1912 Indefinite Jun. 1, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite* Indefinite * Indefinite * Indefinite* n.s. Indefinite Indefinite n.s. Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite * Indefinite* Indefinite * Indefinite* IndefinitB* Indefinite* Indefinite* Indefinite* Indefinite* Indefinite * Indefinite * W., A., Ar. W.,H.,C.S. W., H.,A. H., A. H., A. W., H. W., H. W., H.,"A.,C.S. H. H. H. H. H. H. H., A. H. W. W.,A. W., A. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. » Agreement may be ended or changed on 30 days' notice. 288 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P- D. 15. Table lY . — Collective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911 — Continued. Occupations. Clerks, Railway — Con. Railway clerks, Railway clerks. Railway clerks, Railway clerks, Railway clerks, Railway clerks, Railway clerks, Railway clerks. Clerks, Retail. Retail clerks, Clothing and shoe clerks, Dry goods clerks, Grocery and provision clerks, Grocery and provision clerks, Retail clerks, Compositors. 3 i~> -i „ /book and job, Compositors (newspaper, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, r^ -i „ / book and job, Compositora (newspaper, Compoaitors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Compositors, Conductors, Railway. Railway conductors, Railway conductors, Railway conductors. Railway conductors. Railway conductors, . Cooks and Waiters. Marine cooks. Waiters, Localities Hotel and restaurant employees. Hotel and restaurant employees, Lawrence, Lowell, . Lynn, . New Bedford, Northampton, Salem, . Somerville, . Worcester, Athol, . Brockton, Brockton, Brockton, Lynn, . Swampscott, Boston, . Brockton, Cambridge, . Fall River, . Fitchburg, . Framingnam, Holyoke, Lawrence, Lowell, . Lynn, . Marlborough, New Bedford, Newburyport, North Adams, Pittsfield, Springfield, . Taunton, Worcester, Boston, . Boston, . Fitchburg, Springfield, Worcester, Boston, . Boston, . Brockton, Lynn, . Dates on which Present Agreement took Effect Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements — , 1910 Oct. -, 1910 Jan. 1, 1910 Jun. -, 1910 — , 1910 — , 1910 Oct. -, 1910 Jul. 18, 1911 Jan. 1, 1911 May 1, 1911 Feb. -, 1909 Jun. 1, 1910 Nov. -, 1911 — , 1906 Nov. 1, 1909 Nov. 16, 1911 Oct. 19, 1911 n.s. Dec. -, 1909 Jan. 1, 1911 Jan. 1, 1911 Jan. 1, 1911 Jan. IS, 1911 Oct. -, 1909 Feb. 1, 1911 Nov. 14, 1910 Jan. 21, 1911 Sep. 31, 1911 Jul. -, 1911 Jan. 1, 1906 Oct. -, 1911 Nov. 15, 1911 Sep. 1, 1909 Jun. -, 1910 Nov. -, 1908 n.s. Apr. 17, 1910 Apr. 17, 1910 Apr. 17, 1910 — , 1910 Jul. 1, 1911 Oct. 1, 1911 Oct. 3, 1911 May 1, 1909 Indefinite' Indefinite' Indefinite ' Indefinite' Indefinite' Indefinite' Indefinite' Indefinite Deo. 31, 1911 May 1, 1912 Feb. -, 19142 Mar. 1, 1914 Nov. -, 1912 Indefinite Sep. 30, 1911 Indefinite Oct. 19, 1912 a. 5. Deo. -, 1912 Dec. 31, 1913 Jan. 6, 1912 Jan. 1, 1916 Jan. IS, 1914 Oct. -, 1913 Dec. 31, 1912 Nov. 14, 1911 Jan. 24, 1913 • Indefinite Sep. 21, 1912 n.s. Indefinite Mar. -, 1913 Nov. 15, 1914 Sep. 1, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite ' Indefinite' Indefinite' Indefinite' Indefinite' Jul. 1, 1912 Indefinite Oct. 2, 1913 May 1, 1914 W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W.,H.,C.S.,L. H., C. S., L. H., C. S., L. W., H., A., S. W.. H., A., Ar., , ds. W., H., A., Ar., C. S. W., H., A., C. S., L. rw., H., A., C I S^L. IW., H., A., Ar., C. S. W.,H.,A.,C.S. W.,H.,A.,C.S. } W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H., C.S., S. W., H., C. S. W.,H.,C.S.,L. W.,H.,C.S.,L. ' Agreement may be ended or changed on 30 days' notice. ^ Agreement to continue indefinitely unless six months' notice of desire to change it is given. 8 Compositors in Athol, newly organized, signed an agreement with one employer for one branch of work. * Agreement to continue indefinitely unless 60 days' notice of desire to change it is given. Part III.] COLLECTn^E AGREEMENTS. 289 Table lY . ~ CoUective Agreements Reported in Operation in 15ii — Continued. Occupations. Localities Coopers. Coopers, brewery, Coopers, brewery. Cutting Die and Cutter Makers. Cutting die and cutter makers. Die cutters, Electrical Workers. Electrical workers, Electrical workers, Electrical workers, Electrical workers. Electrical workers, Electrical workers. Electrical workers. Engineers, Hoisting and Portable. Coal hoisting engineers, Steana engineers, Hoisting and portable engineers, Engineers, LocomotiTe. Locomotive engineers, Locomotive engineers. Locomotive engineers. Locomotive engineers, Locomotive engineers, Locomotive engineers, Locomotive engineers, Engineers, Stationary. Steam engineers. Steam engineers. Steam engineers. Steam engineers. Steam engineers, Steam enginnera. Steam engineers, Firemen, Locomotive. Locomotive firemen and engine- men, Locomotive firemen and engine- men, Locomotive firemen. Locomotive firemen, . Locomotive firemen and engine- men, ..... Locomotive firemen and engine- men, Locomotive firemen and engine- men, Boston, . Worcester, Brockton, Lynn, Beverly, Brockton, Lynn, . Marlborough, New Bedford, Pittsfield, Quincy, Boston, . Quincy, Rockport, Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Fitchburg, Greenfield, Springfield, Worcester, Boston, . Fall River, Lowell, . Milford, Quincy, Salem, . Worcester, Boston, . Boston, . Fitchburg, Greenfield, Somerville, Springfield, Taunton, Dates on which Present Agreement took Effect Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements Jun. -, 1907 May 1, 1911 Sep. 20, 1009 Jan. -, 1911 May 1, 1911 Nov. 15, 1909 May 1, 1910 Jan. 19, 1009 Sep. 1, 1911 Aug. 22, 1910 May 1, 1911 Aug. 1, 1911 Jul. -, 1911 Mar. 1, 1911 — , 1910 May 14, 1910 May -, 1910 Jul. -, 1908 May 1, 1910 Jul. 1, 1910 May 14, 1911 Jan. 1, 1908 — , 1910 Dec. -, 1909 Apr. 1, 1908 Apr. 1, 1908 Jul. 1, 1910 May 1, 1911 Jun. 11, 1910 May 21, 1910 Feb. -, 1910 Jul. -, 1910 May 1, 1910 Jul. 1, 1910 Jun. 11, 1910 Indefinite May 1, 1912 Indefinite 1 Indefinite May 1, 1912 Indefinite W., H. W.,H.,Ar.,C.S. W., H., Ar., C. S. W.,H.,A.,C.S. W^H.,A.,Ar., C S May 1, 1912 W., H.', A. Indefinite W., H., A., C. S. Indefinite W., H., A. May 1, 1912 W., H., A., Ar., c s May 1, 1912 W., H.', A. Aug. 1, 1913 Jul. -, 1914 Mar. 1, 1916' Indefinite 1 Indefinite I Indefinite 1 Indefinite 1 Indefinite ^ Indefinite' Indefinite' Indefinite Indefinite Dee. -, 1911 Apr. 1, 1912 Apr. 1, 1911" Jun. 30, 19124 Indefinite Indefinite' Indefinite ' Feb. 1, 1912 Feb. -, 1912 Indefinites Indefinite' Indefinite' W., H., Ar., At. S.B. W., H., Ar. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W.,H. W., H., Ar., Ar. S. B., C. S. W., H. W., H., Ar. W.,H.,Ar. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W., H. W.,H. ' Agreement may be ended or changed on 30 days' notice. ' Agreement to continue indefinitely unless three months' notice of desire to change it is given. 3 No change made in 1911. 4 Agreement to continue indefinitely unless 90 days' notice of desire to change it is given. ^ Agreement may be ended or changed on 60 days' notice. 290 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. ■ Table IV. — Collective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911 — Continued. OoctrpATioiis. Xx>calitiea Dates on which Present Agreement took Effect Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements Firemen, Locomotive — Con. Locomotive firemen and engine- men, Locomotive firemen. Firemen, Stationary. Stationary firemen. Stationary firemen, Stationary firemen, . Stationary firemen. Stationary firemen, . Freight Handlers and Clerks. Freight handlers, Freight handlers. Garment Workers. Cloak and skirt makers. Clothing cutters and trimmers Custom tailors, . , Garment workers (Italian), Overall and white duck coat workers, . Pants makers, . Sheepskin cloak makers, . Overall workers, Oranlte Cutters. Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite^cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite cutters, . Granite Polishers, Granite polishers, Tool Sharpeners. Tool sharpeners. West Springfield, . Worcester, Boston, . Brockton, Lowell, . Northampton, Worcester, Boston, Boston, Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . North Brookfield, . Boston, . Chelmsford, Chester, Fall River, Fitchburg, Gloucester Rockport, Lawrence, Lowell, . Lynn, . Milford, Monson, Quincy, Springfield, Westford, Worcester, Quincy, Quincy, and Mar. -, 1908 Oct. May ,1911 ,1911 Mar. 31, 1910 May -, 1910 Apr. 23, 1910 Jun. -, 1910 Jan. -, 1911 Aug. -, 1911 Mar. -, 1910 — , 1904 Apr. -, 1910 — , 1911 Jan. -, 1911 Aug. -, 1910 Apr. May Mar. Mar. May Apr. Apr. Mar. May May May 1, 1911 1, 1911 190S 1907 1906 1, 1911 1, 1911 1, 1911 1909 1, 1907 24, 1908 1, 1911 1, 1909 1, 1911 1, 1900 Mar. 1, 1911 Mar. 1, 1911 Indefinite Indefinite' May 1, 1914 Mar. 31, 1911 May -, 1913 Indefinite Indefinite Jan. -, 1912 Aug. -, 1916 Mar. -, 1911 Indefinite Apr. ,1911 1913 Jan. -, 1912 Indefinite Apr. 1, 1916' May 1, 19161 Indefinite 2 Indefinite 2 Indefinite' Mar. 1, 1916 Mar. 1, 19131 Indefinite' Apr. -, 1913 Apr. 1, 19121 Apr. 1, 19111 Mar. 1,1916 May 1, 1912 May 1, 19161 May 1, 19121 Mar. 1, 19161 Mar. 1, 19161 W., H. W., H. W., H., Ar., Ar. S. B. W., C. S. W., H., At., Ar. S. B., C. S. W., H. W., H. W., H., A. W., A., L. W., H., Ar., 0. s.,s. W.,H.,A.,C.S., s. W.jH., A., Ar., C. S., S. W., H., A., Ar., S. W., H., A., Ar., C. S., S. W., H., C. S., 8. W., H., A., At., 8. W., H., A., Ar., c. s., s. W., H., A., C. S., s. W., H., A., Ar.„ C. s., s. w.,'h., s. W., H., A., C. S., W., H., A., Ar.. ds. W., H., A., Ar., C.S. 1 Agreement to continue from year to year unless 90 days' notice of desire to change it is given. ^.Agreement may be ended or changed on 90 days' notice. '. Agreement may be ended or changed on four months' notice. Part m.] COLLECTIVE AGREKNIEXTS. 291 Table IV. — CoOettite AgreemenU Reported in Operation in 1911 — Continued. OOCUPAMOXS. Localities Hat and Cap Maken. 0^> CBtiecs and Uoefare, . BanaEs, Wool fas^ finisliecs. Bod Gauiflis and Bnildiii^ Labosere. an^~ bnildiiig ]»- aitd bnildiiig ]a- jlaboTEfs, Bddiiie lafaoRis, BaJHing fabMBB. Bod ramii i and buildiiig I3- boiEis, BnihfiDg laboiEss. BnildiBg trixKEis, PlaMem^ Tatin. ■ \ BoEion.. . I B oeton. . ■ i HarGfiuH, f [' BiuekloD, OmhridaB. I Salem, . Wonester, Boston.. BlTWRhflCT^ »nA J^MTWigp mT^rfrpyCf^ ■ Barcriiill, l^ymi, f: Woraester. latben. Wood. Wre, and metal. latbas. Tianndry Woricen. Tmmdiy Hrtja^M B. fWfndryinjgkeiE. T^atthPT Wnksts. Tfwthp T wuikiaM on hotat goods. Leatfcervnfas, Ifarhiniiitiii AnfrnU. . - Bioddoa. Bav^iill. i < Boston.. Lowell. . Fitehbnie. Gieen&id. Hotyoke. ^Kingfidd. JuQumsts. ■aintanaaBa at Way IfaintPnance of 'say employees, | Boetcm, . Hamtenanee of -way txa.pksyvea, •. Ktefabozg. . ■ajiiiwiance cs way employees. 1 Lawi^ue. Ifaintpnance of way emplf^ees, | Lowdl. . ■anHiTWMe of way onplivees. 1 North Adams. Haintenanee of way emidivees. ] Salem, Ifanrtw iaiice c^ way emido^eea. \ ^grngPrid, Dates Ml Dates 0- Principal »^aic J Present irLieh PiEsen: Subjects dealt Agreranent A^reemens with tookEfieet Eipirea Oct -, 1911 Oct -. UI3 i Jim. -, IMI i Jun. -, 1912 Jmi. 1. 1911 S Jtm. 1, 1913 1 Itay -. 1911 HxT -. 1912 . j Jnn. 1. 19U Jon. 1, 19U \ W., H, C. S. . Jnn. 1. 19U I Jnn. 1, 1912 i — . I9M ' — . 1913 * , [ JnL -. 19U I JoL -, 1912 . ; Jnn- — . I'ilj liide6iiite ! Apr. 1, 1911 ! 3far. M. 1912 ! ) Vxr 1. 1911 ' In^fnite i > JnL -, 1909 : Indefinite ! . ! Jan. L 1910 Tndpfinitp | W, H, Ar. May 1. 1911 May 1, 1912i W.. H., Ar.. C. May 1. 19U j May 1. 1912 ; - May 1, 19U ! May 1, 1912 May 1. 1902 \ May , 1911 W.. H. VazknB -« - - May 29, 1911 May 1. 1912 W,H.. Ar.,C.S, ' f L. i May 1, 19U Mav 1, 1912 ' Apr. -, 1911 Apr. -. 1SI2 W, H., A., C. 3-, L. Apt. 19, 1908 TnA.Snito I JnL 1. 1911 ! JnL 1. 1912» BL. A.. C. I — . 1910 j Jnn. -, I9U ; I — . 1902 I TnHrimHc \ Feb. 7. 19U Tndefhiite . I JnL -, 1909 ; IndefinifB' . May 2S, 1910 ' Indefinite^ W..H. ! i Jnn. I Jon. I Jnn. i Jon. Jnn. May May 1911 I Indefinite^ W.. H. 19U ! Jnn. 1. 1912 19U i Jnn. 30, 1912 '. W.. H. 19U Jnn. 1. 1912 ! W, H. 19U : Jnn. -. 1912 W.. H. 1911 I Indefinite' t W.. H. I9U Indefinite' f H. 19U Ind^nite' < H. I Agieemait may be ended or chanesd on 30 days' notice. ■ AgrecEnent agned on -varions dates, each for one year. I to eontinoe indefinitely unless 30 daya' notice of desire to end or rfi^ngp it is giveii. 292 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Table IV. — Collective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911 — Continued. Occupations. Metal Polisbers, Buffers, and Platers. Metal polishers, buffers, and platers. Holders. Iron moldeis, .... Moldets and coremakers (brass). Iron molders. Iron moldeis. Iron moldeis. Iron molders. Iron molders. Musicians. Musicians, Musicians, Painters, Decorators, and Faperhangers. Painters, decorators, and paper- hangera, . Faperhangers, Sign writers, .... Painters, decorators, and paper- hangers, Painters, decorators, and paper- hangeis Painters, decorators, and paper- Painters, decoratora, and paper- hangers. Painters, Painters, decorators, and paper- hangeis, Painters, decorators, and paper- hangers, Painters, decorators, and paper- hangers Painters, decorators, and paper- hangers, Painters, decorators, and paper- hangers, . . . . . Painters, decorators, and paper- hangers Painters, decorators, and paper- hangers. Railroad. Car and locomotive painters. Paper Makers. Pulp, sulphite, and paper mill workers, . Pavers and Rammermen. Pavers, Pavers, Paving Cutters. Paving cutters. Paving cutters, . Paving cutters. Paving cutters. Localities Boston, . Boston, . Boston, , Lynn, . Taunton, Wakefield, Waltham, Watertown, Boston, . Fall River, Beverly, Boston, . Boston, . Brockton, Fall River, . Fitchburg, . Framingham, Haverhill, Hingham, Milford, Pittsfield, Salem, . Southbridge, Springfield, Westborough, Boston, . Northampton, Boston, . Boston, . Chelmsford, Fall River, Gloucester, Rockport, Dates on which Present Agreement took Effect Apr. 1, 1911 — , 1906 Jun. 1, 1911 — , 1900 Dec. 15, 1910 Jul. -, 1906 Jun. 1, 1910 Dee. -, 1910 Jan. 1, 1911 1, 1910 Apr. Sep. Apr. Apr. Apr. Mar. May Mar. Mar. May Mar. 1, 1911 1, 1910 1, 1911 1, 1911 8, 1911 1, 1911 1, 1911 1, 1911 1, 1911 1, 1909 1, 1910 1, 1911 Apr. 1, 1911 Jun. -, 1910 Jan. 1, 1908 1900 1910 May 1, 1911 May 2, 1911 Mar. 27, 1911 Mar. 27, 1911 Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Indefinite ^ Indefinite Jun. 1, 1912 Indefinite Dec. IS, 1912 Jan. -, 1913 Jun. 1, 1912 Dec. -, 1912 Jan. 1, 1914 Sep. 1, 1911 pi Indefinite Apr. 1, 1912 Mar. 31, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite Apr. 1, 1912 Mar. 1, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite Mar. 1, 1912 Indefinite Jan. 1, 1913 n.s. Indefinite 3 Indefinite Indefinite n.s. Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements W., A., Ar. W. W. W., H. W., H., C. S. W., H. W.. H., A., Ar., C. S. W.,H.,Ar.,C.S. W., H. May 1,19144 w., H., Ar. May 1, 1912 ' Mar. 1, 1916' Mar. 1, 1916* W.,H.,Ar.,C.S. W.,Ar. W., Ar. ' Agreement may be ended or changed on 90 days' notice. 2 On acceptance. ' Agreement may be ended or changed on 30 days' notice. ' Agreement to continue indefinitely unless three months' notice of desire to end or change it is given. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 293 Table IY. — Collective Agreements Reported in Operaiion in i 91 i —Continued. Occupations. Fboto-EsgraTers. Fhoto-eBgra-viera , Plomben, Steamfltten, and Gaafitters. Plmnbeis. Plumbers, Steam and gsafitteis, . Hiimbeis and steam£tieis, Hnmbeis and gasfitteis, . Sfeamfitteis and helpeis, . Hmnbas Flumbefs, steamfittexs, and steamfittets' helpeis, .« Phiinbeis, gsafitteis, steamfit- teis, and steamfitteis* helpeis, Plumbers and steamfitters, Plmnbeis, . FTinting Pressmen, Fieesfeedeis and helpeis. P ri n t ing pressmen, Web piesamen, . Minting piessmen, jointing piessmen. Printing pressmen, Qnarry Workers. Qoany workeis, Qnany workeis, Qnany workeis, Qoairy workeis, Qnany workeis, Qnatry workeis, QnaiTy workeis. Boofers. Boofeis, Sheet Metal Workers. Coppeismiths, . Sheet metal workeis, . b metal workeis, . Sheet metal workeis, . Sheet metal workeis, . Station Agents and Employees. Bailroad station employees, RaHroad station employees, Baiboad station employees, Bailroad station employees, Bjulroad station employees. Railroad station employees, Bailroad station employees. Steam, Hot Water and Power Pipe Fitters, and Helpers. Bteamfitteis' helpers. Localities Boston, Beverly, Brockton, Brockton, Gloucester, Holyoke, LoweU, . Lynn, . Maiden, Northampton , Qnincy. Springfield, . Worcester, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Brockton, Lawrence, Lowell, . Chelmsford, . Chester, East Longmeadow, Gloaoester, . Milford, Quincy, Bockport, Brockton, Boston, . Boston, . Brockton. Natick, . Woicester, Boston, . Holyoke, Lowell, . North Adams, Northampton, Dates on which Present Agreement took Effect — . 1910 Apr. 27, 1910 May 1, 1910 May 1, 1910 Hay 2, igii Sep. 4, 1911 May 1, 1911 May 1, 1911 May 1, 1911 Aug. 1, 1909 May 1, 1910 July 1, 1911 May 3, 1910 Jun. 1, 1910 Jun. 1, 1910 — , 1907 Dec. 31, 1910 Jan. 1, 1911 Nov. 18, 1911 Hay 1, 1910 Jun. Apr. Mar. Apr. Mar. Mar. 22! 1911 1, 1911 1, 1911 1, 1911 1, 1908 1, 1911 Woicester, Boston, Hay 1, 1911 Oct. 2S, 1911 Jun. -, md Hay 1, 1911 1, 1911 I, 1911 Hay Apr. Dec. 20, 1909 Dec. 20, 1909 Jun. 1, 1911 Apr. -, 1910 n.s. Dec. 15, 1910 Dec. 20, 1909 Jun. -, 1911 Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Indefinite Apr. 27, 1913 Hay 1, 1912 May 1, 1912 May 2, 1914 Feb. 1, 1913 Hay 1, 1913 1, 1912 1, 1912 May May Aug. 1, 1912 May 1, 1912 July 1, 1916 May 1, 1912 Jun. 1, 1913 Jun. 1, 1913 Indefinite 1 Dec. 31, 1912 Jan. 1, 1916 Nov. 13, 1913 Mar. 1, 1912 Jun. Apr. Mar. Apr. Mar. Mar. 1, 1912 1, 1914 1, 1916 1, 1912" 1, 1916' 1, 1916' May 1, 1912 Oct. 25, 1912 Jun. -, 1912 May 1, 1912 May 1, 1912 Apr. 1, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite n.6. Apr. -.1911 n.s. Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements W., H., A., Ar., C.S. W., H., A., Ar., c.-s. W.,~H.,A. W., H. W., H. W.,H. W.,H.,A.,C.S. W., H., A., Ar., C.S. W., H., C. S. W.rn., Ar. ~ W.,H.,A. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., A., Ai., C.S. W., H. W.,H. W., H. W.,H. W.,H. ■ Agreement may be ended or changed on 90 days* notice. " Agreement to continue indefinitely thereafter unless three months' notice of desire to end or change it is given. 294 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15- Table IV. — Collective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911 — Continued. OCCTJPATIONS. Steam Ballroad Employees. Railroad switchmen, . Railrdad transfer messengers and clerks, Railway signalmen, . Railway signalmen, . Eovmdhouse employees, . Piece wor leers, . Stereotypers and Electro- typers. Stereotypers, Stereotypers, Stereotypers, Street and Electric Railway Employees. Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees, Street railway employees, . Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees, Street and electric railway em- Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Street and electric railway em- ployees Tailors and Dressmakers. Tailore, Tailors, Tailors, Tailors, Tailors, Tailors, Tailors, Localities Dates on whicli Present Agreement took Effect Boston, , Boston, . Boston, , Boston, . Boston, . Fitohburg, Boston, . Fall River, . Lowell, Lawrence, and Haverhill, s . Brockton, Chelsea, Dedham, Fall River, Gloucester, Haverhill, Holyoke, Lawrence, Lowell, . Lowell, . Lynn, . Pittsfield, Quincy, Salem, . Springfield, Taunton, Wakefield, Woburn, Worcester, Boston, . Brockton, Holyoke, North Adams, Northampton, Pittsfield, Springfield, Mar. -, 1910 Apr. 30, 1911 Jan. 1, 1910 Jan. I, 1910 Jan. -, 1910 May 1, 1911 — , 1904 Feb. -. 1908 Jan, Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. May Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. May Oct. Oct. Jun. Oct. Oct. Oct. Jun. -, 1911 2, 1910 2, 1910 2, 1910 2, 1910 2, 1910 2, 1910 1, 1910 2, 1910 2, 1910 2, 1910 2, 1910 -, 1911 2, 1910 2, 1910 1, 1910 2, 1910 2, 1910 2, 1910 1, 1910 — , 1900 Oct. 1, 1907 Apr. 1, 1911 — , 1907 Mar. 22, 1901 Sep. 16, 1907 Oct. 1, 1910 Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Indefinite^ Apr. 30, 1912 Indefinite! Indefinite ! Indefinite May 1, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite'! — . 1916 Oct. 2, 19U Oct. 2, 1914 Oct. 2, 1914 Oct. 2, 1914 Oct. 2, 1914 Oct. 2, 1914 May 1, 1912 Oct. 2, 1914 Oct. 2, 19141 Oct. 2, 1914 Oct. 2, 1914 n.s. Oct. 2, 1914 Oct. 2, 1914 Jun. 1, 1914 Oct. 2, 1914 Oct. 2, 1914 Oct. 2, 1914 Jun. 1, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite Apr. -, 1913 Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite Principal Subjects dealt with in Agreements W., H. W., H. W. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., At. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H., Ar. W., H. W. W. W. W. W., H. W. ! Agreement may be ended or changed on 30 days' notice. 2 Agreement may be ended or changed on 60 days' notice. 8 No agreements outside the city of Ijawrence. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 295 Table IV. — CoUective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911 — Continued. OoCUPATIOXS, Teamsters and Drivers. Quiiage and cab driveis, . Ooal teamsters and helpers, HiulBt and commission house Idk wagon diiveis, . Newspaper wagon <^veis, chauf- feurs, and helpers, . Fiaiio and fumjtuie movers and helpers, Stable and garagemen, Taaa drivers and helpers, . TkansCBT t^vers and helpers. Teamsters Teamsters, . Goal teamsters and Teamsters, . Goal teamsters and helpers. Teamsters, ... T^am drivers, '"-'-^ {J^ber. : . } Coal teamsters and belpets. Telegraphers, Railroad. Railroad tel^raphera. Railroad telegrapheia, Railioad telegcaphers. Railroad tel^rapheEs, Railioad telegiaphera. Textiles. MvU Spinners. Mule apixmeis, . ^ TexUU Workers (n^^.). ludeta, .... Theatrical Stage Employees. Koving picture operatois, . l^eatncal st^e employeea. Theatrical stage employees, ^leatrical stage employees. Theatrical stage employees, l!1ieatrical st^e employees, .^^leatrical stage employees, i^ieatiical stage employees, Tlieatiical stage employees, Having picture opeiators, . I%eatri4^ stage employees^ Theatrical stage employees. Localities Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston, . Boston,. Boston,. Brockton, Chelsea. Haverhill, Holyoke, liOirell, . I^STin, . M^den, Natick, . Quincy, Salem, . Waltham, Boston, . Boston, . Clinton, North Adams, Springfield, . New Bedford, Taunton, Boston, . Boston, . Fall River, Fitchbuig, . Holyoke, Lawrence, ^ . Lowell, . Lynn, . New Bedford, Springfield, . Springfield, . Worcester, Dates on which Present Agreement took Effect Dates on which Present Agreement Expires Princii)al Sabjects dc^t with in Agreements — , 19U May 1, 1911 May _ 1911 Sep. 1 1911 Dee. 9 1909 May _ 1910 May - 1911 — , 1901 — 1907 May 1 1910 Oct. 1 1911 1907 Nov. 3 1910 Jun. X. 1911 Jan. 6 1910 Jan. 1. 1911 Jun. _ 1911 May -J 1909 May I, 1911 Jun. 2, 1910 May 1, 1910 Dec. 15, 191U May -. 1910 — , 1906 Nov 1, 1911 Apr. -,1908 -. 1906 Oct. -« -.1908 Jill. 22, 1911 Sep. -. 1911 i3ep. 1, 1911 Hep. 2, 1911 Sep. -, 1910 Sep. -. 1911 Dec. 23, 1911 .Ian. 1, 1911 May 1, 1911 .Nov. 1,1909 — , 1912 May 1, 1913 Indefinite 1 Sep. 1, 1912 Jan. 3, 1912 May -, 1913 May -, 1912 Indefinite Indefinite^ May 1, 1912 n.s. Indefinite* Nov. 3, 1913" Jun. 8, 1912 Juiu 6, 1911 Jan. 1, 1912 Jun. -, 1913 Indefinite May 1, 1912 Jun. 2, 1912 May 1, 1913 Apr. 1, 1912 Indefinite^ Indefinite I Indefinite^ Indefinite^ Indefinite^ Indefinite Indefinite n.3. Nov. -. 1913 Jul. 22, 1916 Oct. -, 1912 Sep. 1, 1912 -« Indefinite Indefinite _7 Dec. 31, 1911 May 1, 1916 Oct. 31, 1914 W., H., Ar., S. B. W.,H.,Ar.,C.S. W., H., C. S. W.,~H. W., H., At., At. S.B. \ W., H., At. W., H.. Ar. W.,H. W., H. W.,H. W.,H. W., H. W. W., H., Ar., C. S. W., H. W. W., H. W., H.,Ar.,C.S. w.,'h. 1 Agreement may be ended or changed on 30 days* notice. ' Globe, December, 1910 (2 yr. contract); Post, Herald, and Journal, 1911 (2 yr. contract); American, Dec. 9, 1909 (still in effect by agreement); Traveler, Jan. 3, 1911^an. 3, 1912. ' Yearly at the option of both parties. * Agreements in effect when signed; various dates, therefor. ' Includes Haverhill. ' At close of 1912 season. ' Two years for one, 1 year for others. 296 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15, Table IV. — Collective Agreements Reported in Operation in 1911 — Concluded Dates on Dates on Principal OcCtrPATIONS. Localities which Present Agreement which Present Agreement Subjects dealt with took Effect Expires in Agreements Trainmen, Railroad. Railroad trainmen, . Boston, . Apr. 2, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen. Boston, . Apr. 17, 1910 Indefinite! W., H. Railroad trainmen. Boston, . Apr. 1, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Boston, . Apr. 2, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Boston, . Fall River, . Apr. 17, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen, . — , 1903 n.s. W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Fitohburg, . Apr. 17, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Framingham, Apr. 2, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Greenfield, . Apr. 17, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Holyoke, n.3. n.s. W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Lawrence, Apr. -, 1910 Indefinite > W., H. Railroad trainmen, , Lowell, . Apr. 17, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Northampton, Apr. 17, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Pittsfield, . Apr. -, 1910 n.s. W., H. Railroad trainmen. Salem, . — , 1910 Indefinite W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Springfield, . Apr. -, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen. Taunton, Jun. 1, 1910 Indefinite W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Westfield, Apr. 2, 1910 Indefinite' W., H. Railroad trainmen, . West Springfield, . Apr. 2, 1910 Indefinite W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Worcester, May -, 1910 Indefinite W., H. Railroad trainmen, . Worcester, Apr. 1,1910 Indefinite W.,H. Upliolsterers. Car upholsterers. Boston, . Mar. -, 1911 Mar. -, 1912 . Carpet upholsterers. Boston, . Sep. 15, 1011 Sep. 15,1912 W.,H.,A.,(:.S. All Other Occupations. Bill posters and billers, Boston, . Nov. 1, 1911 Nov. 1, 1912 Box makers (cigar), . Boston, . Oct. 1, 1911 Oct. 1, 1913 Carriage and wagon workers, . Boston, . — , 1905 Indefinite . Cigar factory tobacco strippers. Boston, . Jun. 1, 1910 Indefinite' W.,H.,A.,C.S.' Elevator constructors, Boston, . May -, 1910 May -, 1913 Foundry employees, . Boston, . Jul. 1, 1910 Indefinite _ Hat trimmers, .... Boston, . Jun. -, 1911 Jun. -, 1912 , Housesmiths and bridgemen, . Boston, . May 1, 1911 May 1, 1912 W.,H.,A.,Ar. Lamplightera Boston, . Jan. 1, 1911 Jan. 1, 1912 Mailers (newspaper), . Boston, . Nov. 24, 1905 Nov. 24, 1911 _ Marine firemen, oilera, and water tenders, Boston, . Jun. 13, 1910 Jun. 13, 1911 _ _ Seamen, Boston, . Jul. 1, 1911 Jun. 30, 1912 W.,H.„Ar., C.S. Stone cutters, .... Boston, . — , 1907 Indefinite S. Tile layers Boston, . Jul. 11, 1910 Indefinite W., H., A., At. Elastic goring weavers. Brockton, — , 1886 Indefinite 8 Meat cutters and butcher work- ^**^*gl 1 ' *x vo men Cambridge, . -I Indefinite W., H., Ar., At Elastic goring weavers, Sail makers Easthampton, — , 1885 Indefinite' S. B., C.S. Gloucester, . Sep. 10, 1911 Indefinite Carriage and wagon workers, . Bootblacks, .... Lawrence, North Adams, Apr. -, 1910 — , 1908 Indefinite n.s. Tobacco strippers, Springfield, . Jun. 6, 1908 Indefinite' W.rH., A., Ar., C. S.' Bridge and structural iron workers, Worcester, . Jun. 1, 1911 Jun. 1, 1912 W., H., A., Ar. ' Agreement may be ended or changed on 30 days' notice. 2 Except foremen, forewomen, and apprentices. ' Agreement may be ended or changed on 60 days' notice. ' No definite date for signing agreements; in effect when signed by employer. ^ Except foremen and forewomen. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 297 Appendix I. NATIOl^AL AND DISTEICT SYSTEMS OF COLLECTIVE BAEGAIlsriISrG m the UNITED STATES. In an article having the above title and published in the Quarterly Journal of Economies for May, 1912, Professor George E. Barnett of Johns Hopkins University has discussed from a historical point of view the various systems of collective bargaining established since 1897 and has furnished a list of such systems established and terminated from 1898 to 1911. The list follows: United Mine Workers: Joint conferences in Central field, Joint conferences in Southwestern field, Iron Holders' Union: With National Founders' Association, . Brotherhood of Operative Potters : With United States Potters' Association, With Sanitary Potters' Association, International Longshoremen's Association : With Lake Erie Dock Managers, . With Lake Carriers' Association, . With Lumber Carriers' Association, With Great Lakes Towing Company, With Tug and Dredge Owners' Protective Association, With Pile Drivers' Owners Protective Association, . With Lake Erie Fish Packers and Fish Tug Owners, International Association of Machinists: With National Metal Trades Association, .... American Newspaper Publishers' Association: Arbitration agreement with International Typographical Union, With International Printing Pressmen's Union, With International Stereotypers' and Blectrotypers' Union, With International Photo-Engravers' Union, . United TypothetaB: With International Printing Pressmen's Union; Stove Founders' National Defense Association: With Stove Mounters' International Union, . With Metal Polishers' Union of North America, Structural Steel Erectors' Association: With International Association of Bridge and Structural Iron Workers, Lake Seamen's Union: With Lumber Carriers' Association, With Lake Carriers' Association, ....... ' This date has been added by the Bureau. By referendum, the International Printing Preaamen's Union voted not to renew the Arbitration Contract with the American Newspaper Fubhshers' Associa- tion which expired April 30, 1912. See American Pressmen, May, 1912, pages 247 to 248. Date of Estab- lishment Date of Termi- nation . 1898 . 1903 . 1899 1904 . 1900 . 1901 . 1900 1908 . 1900 1908 . 1901 . 1903 . 1903 . 1904 . 1905 . 1900 1901 . 1901 . 1901 11912 . 1901 . 1905 . 1902 1907 . 1902 1907 . 1902 1909 , 1903 1905 . 1903 1908 . 1903 1908 298 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Date of Date of Estab- Termi- Marine Engineers' Beneficial Association: "^ '°° With Lake Carriers' Association, . 1903 1908 Lithographers' International Protective and Beneficial Association: "With National Association of Employing Lithographers, . . 1904 1906 Coopers' International Union: With Machine Coopers Employers' Association, .... 1905 United Hatters of North America: With National Association of Fur-Felt Hat Manufacturers, . . 1907 1908 Wall Paper Manufacturers' Association: With Machine Printers and Color Mixers, . ... 1909 It will be noted that certain of the agreements enumerated in the list have been terminated while others have remained in force. With reference to the list Mr. Barnett remarks : An inspection of the list shows that the establishment and extension of systems of collective bargaining went forward rapidly during the years 1898-1905 inclusive. But from 1906 to 1911 only two new systems were established — that of the Hatters and the Fur-Felt Hat Manufacturers in 1907, and that of the Wall Paper Manufacturers and the Machine Printers and Color Mixers in 1909. In discussing the several systems of agreements Mr. Barnett states that their success or failure is to some extent independent of the character of the system. These independent factors are divided into three classes as follows : A system of collective bargaining may be maintained and strengthened, for a time at least, by the skill of the persons in charge, although other systems of identical character may quickly break down. In the second place, in an industry in which the unions are very strong, a system of collective bargaining may be maintained although the system itself- is not satisfactory to the employers. Thirdly, the strength of the unions and the desirability to the employer of some peaceful method of settling trade questions varies not only from trade to trade, but also from time to time. While recognizing the importance of these factors, Mr. Barnett holds that "... the history of collective bargaining in the United States during the past fifteen years affords sufficient ground for concluding that the success or ' failure of particular systems of collective bargaining has been determined largely by the character of the system adopted." In presenting the evidence in support of this proposition, Mr. Barnett considers the various systems of collective bargaining which were operative in the period 1898 to 1911 under two classes: 1. Systems under which National or district wage rates are established. 2. Systems under which local wage rates are settled. As expressed in his own words: The essential difference between the two classes of systems is the difference in the area covered by the wage rates. In systems of the first kind, the rates are fixed by a national or district conference for the whole country or for a district. In systems of the second kind, the rates, although fixed under a national system, are local rates; and each rate is OP may be the subject of a separate decision. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 299 Having described the two classes of collective agreements operative during the period 1898-1911, Mr. Barnett proceeds to examine the various national and district systems in detail in order to show that " Systems of the first kind have proved during the period under consideration more successful and conse- quently more permanent " and with reference to the future, he concludes that "the establishment of successful systems of bargaining will depend chiefly upon the extent to which it seems feasible and desirable to establish national or district wage rates ". In this article, which we have here attempted to review briefly, the several systems of a^eement enumerated in the list above given- are described in greater or less detaU. In his consideration of the subject, Mr. Barnett has presented a fund of information of recent date which could have been obtained only after a careful investigation of wide range such as that which he has evidently made with painstaking care. 300 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. Appendix II COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS IN" FOREIGN COUNTRIES. The following notes relative to collective agreements in foreign countries were compiled from reports of foreign labor bureaus which have been filed in the Bureau's library during recent years. There may be other countries than those herein mentioned which have collected and published information of this character and the foreign reports which the Bureau has on file may not be, for certain of the countries mentioned, the latest contribution to the subject, nevertheless, such information as has been immediately obtainable is here presented because it suggests some of the sources which may be con- sulted and serves as a basis for a further study of foreign agreements which might be undertaken with profit. Apparently more attention has been given, in foreign countries than in the United States, to the collection and publication of statistics relative to collective agreements. So far as this Bureau has been able to ascertain, the first constructive work of this character on any comprehensive basis was first undertaken in 1903 by the Imperial Labor Department in Germany. Other countries followed shortly the plan adopted by the Imperial Bureau of cover- ing the ground rather exhaustively in one year and of making supplementary reports on the subject in succeeding years. In 1910 a very comprehensive report on collective agreements in Great Britain was published by the British Board of Trade. This and the German report appear to be the most important reports of this character that have been published. Austria and Sweden have also published comprehensive reports on collective agreements. In several countries the text of the more important agreements entered into between employers and employees is published without statistical information showing the number of collective agreements in efEeet on a certain date or indicating either the number of establishments or the number of establishments repre- sented by such agreements. Without such statistical information the publica- tion of the text of agreements obviously loses much of its value. AUSTRIA. The Austrian Imperial Labor Department (K. K. Arbeitsstatistisches Ami in nandelsministerium) has published annually, since 1908, a report on collec- tive agreements under the title : Die kollektiven Arbeits- und Lohnvertrdge in Oesterreich, the reports for the years 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, and 1910 having appeared from 1908 to 1912. Previously, collective agreements had been pub- Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 301 lished by the Austrian Bureau in its monthly review, the Soniale Hundschau, and their publication has been continued. The annual report for 1910 (vi-|-272 pages), contains a general discussion and detailed analysis of collective agreements for the year by industries, number of establishments and employees affected, comparisons for the years 1906 to 1910, -with statistics of hours of labor and wages as obtained from the agreements, and a tabular presentation, by localities and industries, of the provisions of the individual agreements, the headings for this table being: Place of agreement and district under jurisdiction; branch of occupation; contracting parties: (o) On behalf of employers, (b) on behalf of employees; establishments affected; employees affected; duration of agreement; regular hours of labor a day; clauses relating to wages, bonuses, etc.; clauses relating to inspection and miscellaneous matters. The following table shows the number of collective agreements considered in the annual reports : YEAS3. Number of Collective Agreements Number of Eatablishments Affected Number of Employees Affected 1906,. . .... . . 1907, . . . ... 1908,. 1909, . . . . . 1910,. . . • . 478 784 483 S70 696 13,592 8,748 5,776 9,741 8,508 188,719 166,208 64,482 127,016 118,103 In 1910, 429 agreements, or 62 per cent, affecting 63 per cent of establish- ments and 53 per cent of employees, were new agreements, and 267 agree- ments, or 38 per cent, affecting 37 per cent of establishments and 47 per cent of employees, were renewed from the previous year. The method of gathering and publishing statistics of collective agreements has remained essentially unchanged since the annual report was started. Notices of collective agreements are first taken from the trade papers, and copies of the agreements are then obtained from the contracting parties or the organizations representing them. The Bureau finds the greatest readiuess on the part of organizations of employers and workingmen, party secretaries, associations, and firms to supply the information desired, 91 per cent of the agreements having been so obtained in 1910. The information still lacking after such a canvass has been made is supplied through correspondence with the central bodies and by the use of the abstracts of agreements as published in the trade papers. As a further assistance in completing the data the Bureau uses its material relating to statistics of strikes, the reports of factory inspectors, and the yearly reports of the central organizations. In the first annual report is given a resume of collective agreements in Austria before the year 1906. 302 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. FEANCE. The Trench Bureau of Labor (Office du Travail) in its monthly bulletin publishes a resume of the provisions of each collective agreement reported to it each' month. The classification shows agreements entered into both without strike and as the result of strike and with and without the application of the conciliation and arbitration law of December 27, 1892. GERMANY. The results of the collection of wage agreements in the German Empire, begun in 1903, were completed and published as " Beitrdge zur Arbeiter- statistih," Nos. 3, 4, and 5, under the title : " Ber Tarifwrtrag im Deutsohen Reiche," Vols. I-III, 1906, and supplementary reports have since been pub- lished annually by the Imperial Labor Department as supplements to the Imperial Labor Journal {" Eeichs-Arbeitshlatt"). The latest statistics- of wage agreements in Germany at hand are for the year 1910, and are taken from a review * of a report entitled " Die Tarifvertrdge im Jahre 1910 nebst einem Anhcmge: Die Tarifgemeinschaften des Jdhres 1910 im Handwerke,'' The data on which are based the statistics of wage agreements which went into effect during 1910 were obtained mainly from trade unions, employers' associations, individual employers, and from industrial courts.' The number of agreements reported as being in force on December 31, 1910, was 8,293, representing 173,727 establishments and 1,361,086 employees, show- ing a net gain during the year of 1,626 agreements and of 34,942 establish- ments and 221,112 employees represented. During the year 3,240 agreements had lapsed and 4,866 new agreements became operative. These figures include some duplication due to the fact that, in some instances, two or more unions in the same trade have agreements with the same employer and consequently a large number of establishments and of employees are included twice in the aggregates. After eliminating such duplications it was found that the number of distinct agreements which became operative in 1910 was 3,756, representing 73,204 establishments and 735,360 employees. The following table shows the distribution by industries of the new agreements entered into during the year, 1910: ' The Board of Trade Labour Qazette, liOndon, August, 1912, page 337. 2 The imperial laws require that an industrial court shall be formed in each town having a population of over 20,000 inhabitants. The members are elected in equal numbers by employers and worlcpeople voting separately. Their main function is to adjust individual disputes and claims, but at the request of both parties to a collective labor dispute they act as Boards of Arbitration and Conciliation. (See above reference; also article on "Industrial Courts in France, Germany, and Switzerland,'* by Helen L. Sumner, Ph.D., in Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor, No. 98, January, 1912, pp. 273-464.) Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 303 Inddstbies. Number of Agreements Number of Establishments Represented Number of Employees Affected Building tradea, Metals and machinery, ... Textiles, .... Clothing, . Transportation, . . . . Paper . . Woodworking, Chemicals, Glass, and Pottery, Food, liquors, and Tobacco, . ... ConmieiYual Occupations, Others . . . 1,314 280 171 • 239 77 69 429 193 630 198 156 45,263 2,465 228 6,215 992 1,076 11,150 1,389 2,469 933 1,024 466,370 27,371 5,262 43,504 11,889 11,263 84,938 21,982 42,292 11,163 9,326 Totals, . . . . 3,756 73,204 735,360 Of the 3,756 agreements, 2,553 represented each 100 people or less, 1,047 represented each over 100 people, and in the remaining 156 cases the number of employees represented was not stated. With reference to duration of the agreements 91 per cent were for a definite period. Eight per cent of these were for a period of over three years, 28 per cent for three years, 47 per cent for more than one but less than three years, 16 per cent for one year, and one per cent for less than one year. Tables are given in the review * showing by trades the number of workmen covered by agreements in which the hourly rate of wages fell within specified limits and the number of workmen covered by agreements in which the regular hours of labor fell within specified limits. ITALY. The Italian Bureau of Labor {TJfficio del lavoro di Ministero di Agricoltura, Industria, e Commercio) has published for several years, in its monthly bulle- tin, the texts of collective agreements. SWEDEN. The K. Kommerskoilegii Afdelning for Arbetsstatistik has issued a special report on collective agreements under the title, Kollektimaftal angaende Arbets- . och Loneforhallanden i Sverige, Vol. I-III. Volume 1 (4 + 399 pages), pub- lished in 1910, contains a history of the investigation and a general discussion of collective agreements and the fundamental principles of agreements. Volume 2 (x + 479 pages), published in 1908, gives a resume of existing agreements and the text of agreements in various trades. Volume 3 (4 -f 398 pages), published in 1911, discusses collective agreements and inquiries on the ^ See note 1 on previous page. 304 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. subject in Germany, Austria, and Great Britain, and gives statistics of wages and hours of labor in Sweden as obtained from collective agreements. Since the publication of the special report above described, three annual reports have been published under the title of Kollehtivaftal i Sverige Irdffade under Ar . The following information has been taken from the report (vi + 124 pages) for 1910, published in 1912. ' During 1910 there were 224 collective agreements entered into affecting 1,243 employers and 37,440 employees. Classified by industries there were 151 agreements affecting 24,354 employees in mining, manufactures, and manual trades; 51 agreements affecting 8,987 employees in commerce and transportation; 19 affecting 3,185 employees in building trades; two affecting 683 employees in forests; and one affecting 231 employees in public service. On January 1, 1910, there were in effect 1,765 collective agreements affect- ing 9,410 employers and 254,000 employees, while on January 1, 1911, there were in effect only 1,617 agreements affecting 9,289 employers and 251,625 employees; 190 agreements affecting 7,135 employees had expired during the year and had not been renewed; and 42 agreements affecting 4,760 employees had been entered into in establishments where no agreement had been in effect before. In 84 per cent of the agreements entered into in 1910, organizations were contracting parties, — on both sides, in 28 cases, or 12 per cent, affecting 12,823 employees, or 34 per cent of employees, and on the part of the em- ployees only in 161 cases, or 72 per cent, affecting 20,952 employees, or 56 per cent of employees. No organizations were concerned in 35 cases, or 16 per cent, affecting 3,665 employees, or 10 per cent of employees. The text of the four national agreements entered into during 1910 appears at the end of the report above referred to. SWITZERLAND. The federal law of March 30, 1911, completing the Swiss civil code, contains provisions for the regulation of labor contracts by both individual and collec- tive agreements. The Bevue du Travail, August 31, 1911, published by the Office dm Travail de Belgique, gives a summary of all the provisions relating to agreements. Canton of Zurich. The Ka/ntonales statistisches Bureau issued in 1909 a report of 271 pages on collective agreements under the title, Der Arbeitstarif- vertrag in Kanton Zurich {Statistische Mitteilungen betreffend den Kanton Zurich, Heft 100). This report consists of a general discussion and analysis of the collective agreements obtained, a tabular presentation of the data of agreements, lists of organizations of employees and of employers, the text of some agreements, and a copy of the schedule used in collecting the data. Canton of Basel — Town. A law * was recently enacted establishing a per- manent State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration for the settlement of • For a description of the proviaions of this law and of the organization and duties of the Board, 36» The Board of Trade Labour Gazette, London, May, 1912, pages 171-172, Part III.] COLLECTRTE AGREEMENTS. 305 collective industrial disputes in the Canton. Copies of all collective a^ee- ments and of arbitration agreements between employers and employees, however such agreements may have been arrived at, must be deposited with this Board by both parties and a penalty in the nature of a fine is provided for failure to deposit copies of such agreements. The law further provides for the immediate publication by the Board of its proceedings and of the results attained. The act became operative March 1, 1912. UNITED KINGDOM. A report on Collective Agreements between employers and workpeople in the United Kingdom was prepared by the Labour Department of the British Board of Trade in 1910. The following citations from that report are illnstrative of the importance and character of the agreements then in effect in that country: The Collective Agreements of a general trade or district character known to the Depart- ment, of which particulars are given in this volume, ntmiber no less than 1,696, viz., 30 Sliding Scales, 563 Piece Price Lists and 1,103 Working Agreements of various kinds. The number of workpeople covered by each Agreement varies enormously. The three most important affect in the aggregate nearly a million workpeople; 34 Agreements affect numbers varying from 10,000 up to 200,000; while the remaining 1,659 each affect less than 10,000 and most of these, as will be seen from Appendix III, affect quite small num- bers of workpeople. The total number of workpeople whose conditions of labour are specifically regulated under the provisions of these Agreements (after allowing for workpeople affected by more than one Agreement) is estimated to be 2,400,000. The distribution according to trades is shown in the following Table: Number of Agreements. Number of Workpeople Minine and Quarrying, 56 900,000 Transport Trades, 92 500,000 Textile Trades, 113 460,000 Metal, Engineering, and Sliipbuilding, 163 230,000 BuOdrng Trades 803 200,000 Clothing Trades 303 50,000 Printing Trades, . 79 40,000 Other Trades, ... 87 20,000 Total, . 1,696 2,400,000 It should be understood, however, that in addition to those directly affected, there are a large number of other workpeople whose wages, hours of labor, and other industrial conditions follow, and are in effect governed by, the Collective Agreements in force for the time being in the trades concerned. For this reason the total number of workpeople either directly or indirectly affected by the 1,696 Agreements referred to is very mate- riaUy in excess of 2,400,000. 306 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. While in many important industries the conditions of employment are regulated under Collective Agreements covering very wide areas, in some instances these agreements are of a more narrow character, embodying the terms agreed upon between a single firm and its employees, or one or more classes of employees. Agreements of this type, such as "pit lists" in the mining industry and "shop" agreements, are, as a rule, excluded from this Report. The Collective Agreements dealt with in the Report are not only very numerous, but in many instances are of considerable length, and contain provisions often of a very de- tailed character. These provisions relate, not only to the rates of remuneration to be received by the workpeople and their hours of labour, but also to a great variety of other subjects, including the number of workpeople to be employed in the execution of specified jobs, the distribution of work among workpeople or different classes of workpeople, and the conditions under which youthful labour shall be employed. In a large number of instances, particularly in the more important industries, the Collective Agreements also provide machinery for the purpose of effecting the pacific settlement of differences which may arise either as to the interpretation and application of existing Agreements or as to the terms upon which fresh contracts of the kind shall be concluded. . . . It will be noticed that although the number of industrial workpeople covered by col- lective agreements is very considerable, it is less than a fourth of the whole number em-' ployed in the United Kingdom. Such agreements imply a highly developed state of industry and the existence of some form of organization among both employers and work- people. Where such conditions do not exist, agreements of a general character between all or nearly all the employers and workpeople in each trade or district are, generally speaking, impossible, because there is no machinery for bringing them about or for en- forcing their provisions. . . . Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 307 Appendix III. VOLUNTAEY AEBITEATIOW OF LABOE DISPUTES BY THE STATE BOAED OF CONCILIATION" AND AE- BITEATION IN MASSACHUSETTS IN 1911. In Massachusetts public opinion is decidedly opposed to the principle of compulsory arbitration, although endeavors have been made to secure legis- lation based on the Canadian Industrial Disputes Act. The Massachusetts law provides for the appointment of a State Board of Conciliation and Arbi- tration, the first Act providing for such a Board having been passed in 1886 (Chapter 263). Under this Act, as since amended, the Board is empowered to investigate the causes of any controversy referred to it and to submit an award. The Board may also take the initiative in investigating any dispute which may come to its attention. Additional provision is made for the appointment of local boards, consisting of three arbitrators, one to be desig- nated by the employer, one by the employees or their duly authorized agent, and the third, who shall be chairman, by the other two. These local boards have all the powers of the State Board and their decisions have such binding effect as may be agreed upon by the parties to the controversy in a written submission. The local boards have exclusive jurisdiction over the contro- versies submitted to them, but may ask the advice and assistance of the State Board. Numerous petitions for arbitration of industrial disputes are received during the course of a single year, and in most instances the awards of the Boards to which they are referred are accepted virtually as an agree- ment by the two parties to the controversy. With reference to the work of the State Board during the year 1911, the following paragraphs taken from the introduction to its report for that year may be quoted: The twenty-sixth report ot this Board states its principal doings during the year 1911. It is mainly a record of adjustments following a course laid down in standing agreements between parties who prefer an award rather than a resort to hostility. These are the cases that exhibit no strikes, no lockouts, no blacklists, no boycotts. Such agreements exist here in almost aU the shoe factories of great output. The Boot and Shoe Workers' Union with its large membership has eliminated within its jurisdiction the harsh expedients that once were deemed necessary to bring grievances into notice. Other organizations, also, have peace agreements, which contemplate the maintenance of friendly relations. The' plan of State arbitration is steadily increasing in favor. The plan of inserting in every settlement a provision for the peaceful adjustment of future differences is one that has been followed from the beginning of the Board's exist- ence, at a time when there were no precedents to guide it. The practice has diminished 308 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. the number of difficulties that arrest the attention of the public; for the lesson has been so well taught that some industries have no strikes of any moment and no need of a mediator in composing their disputes. . . . The number of petitions for arbitration received in the past year is 175. Of these 13 were settled by expressed or tacit agreement. The remaining 162 controversies increased by 4 others which were pending at the beginning of 1911 were decided in 150 awards, similar controversies having been grouped when expedient. These awards are all set forth in the present report, with statements, also, of some of the cases in which the Board acted as conciliator. . . . rrom an examination of the State Board's report for the year 1911 it appears that a large proportion of the awards handed down during the year were in the settlement of controversies in the hoot and shoe industry. There were, however, 20 or more other cases arbitrated, and most of these controversies were settled by the mutual acceptance of the awards of the Board by both parties to the controversies. Certain of these awards which were adopted virtually as agreements by the organizations and employers concerned have been cited as examples of collective agreements in this report." In the whole range of the Board's experience since 1886, there has been no instance of a violation of agreement on the part of either employer or em- ployee. There have been instances when hesitation caused some apprehension that such might occur, but the outcome has always been honorable to the party in doubt. Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 309 Appendix IV. IKDEX TO COLLECTIVE AGEEEMENTS PUBLISHED IX MASSACHUSETTS LABOE BULLETIXS. BAKERS: Boston: United bakexs of Boston and vicinity. local unions nos. 4, 45 and 53, and local union no. 202 of Waltham and the master bakers of Boston and vicinity; May, 1903 — May 1. 1904, No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 163 Employers and joumeymea bakers and confectioners union no. 45, . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 183 Bbockton: Master bakers and bakers union no. ISO; terminated May 1, 1905, . No. 24, Dec., 1904, p. 370 Fall Riveb: Master bakers and bakers union no. 99; May 1, 1904 — -Apr. 30, 1905, . .... . . . No. 34, Dec., 1904, p. 371 LowBxx: Employers and journeymen bakers and confectioners international union of America, local no. 169; May 1, 1903 — May 1, 1904, No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 16S Master bakers and journeymen bakers and confectioners inter- national union of America, local no. 182; May 4, 1903 — Apr. 30, 1904, .... . . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 169 Master bakers assodation of l^nn and the bakery and confectionery workers international union of America, bakers union no. 182 of lomn; May 24, 1904 — Apr. 30, 1906, ... . No. 34, Dec., 1904, p. 372 Bakery and confectionery workers no. 182 and master bakers asso- ciation: May 1, 1906 — Apr. 30, 1907. . No. 45, Jan., 1907, p. 39 New Bedpobd: Master bakers and bakery confectioner workers international imion of America, imion no. 95 of New Bedford; May 1, 1904 — May 1, 1905 No. 34, Dec., 1904, p. 372 NoBTH Adams: Master bakers of Berkshire county and bakers and confectioners international union, local no. 203; May 18, 1903 — May 18, 1904, No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 170 SAi.ErBf: Master bakers of Salem and vicinity and bakers union no. 277; May 2, 1904 — Apr. 30, 1905, . No. 34, Dec., 1904, p. 373 Spbdtgfieu) : Journeymen bakers and confectioners international union, local no. 142. and employers; May 1, 1903 — May 1, 1905, . . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 171 Waltham: Master bakers of Waltham and imion no. 202 of Waltham, Mass., May 1, 1904 — May 1,1905, . . ... No. 34, Dec, 1904, p. 373 United bakers of Boston and vicinity, local unions nos. 4, 45 and 53, and local union no. 202 of Waltham and the master bakers of Boston and vicinity; May, 1903 — May 1, 1904. . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 163 BABBERS: Boston: Journeymen barbers international union of America, local no. 182 and employers, . . No. 38. Dec., 1905, p. 334 Barbers union no. 182 and emplxjyers, . . . . No. 51, Aug., 1907, p. 54 310 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D. 15. BARTENDEES, WAITERS, AND COOKS: Boston: Locals no3. 77, SO, 183 and 328 of the hotel and restaurant employees international alliance and bartenders international league of America and employers . . No. 31, May, 1904, p. 145 Lynn: Employers and local no. 86 of bartenders international league of America; Feb. 1, 1903 — May 1, 1904, ... .No. 30, Mar., 1904, p. 91 Employers and bartenders international league of America, local no. 86; took effect May 1, 1904, . ... No. 36, Jun., 1905, p. 143 BOILERMAKERS AND IRON SHIPBUILDERS: Boston: New England association of boiler manufacturers of Boston and vicinity and subordinate lodge no. 9 of the brotherhood of boiler makers and iron ship builders of America; took effect May 14, 1903, . ... No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 160 BOOT AND SHOE WORKERS: Boston: Thomas G. Plant Co., and employees No. 32, Jul., 1904, p. 220 Bhockton: The W. L. Douglas Shoe Co. and the boot and shoe workers tmion; took effect Nov. 1, 1898 No. 36, Jun., 1905, p. 142 BOTTLERS AND DRIVERS: Boston: United brewery workmen of the United States, local no. 122, bottlers and drivers and botthng establishments; July 23, 1900 — Apr. 1, 1901, No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 165 Bottlers and drivers no. 122 united brewery workmen and pro- prietors; terminated Mar. 1, 1906, . . . No. 33, Sep., 1904, p. 252 Bottlers and drivers union no. 122 and employers; terminated Mar. 1, 1909, ... No. 48, Apr., 1907, p. 243 Lawrence: Local bottUng proprietors and local union no. 119 of the united brewery workmen of the United States; May 1, 1903 — May 1, 1904, . No. 30, Mar., 1904, p. 90 Springfield: Employers and bottlers and drivers union no. 143; terminated Apr. 1, 1907, No. 32, May, 1904, p. 221 BOXMAKERS: Boston: Cigar box manufacturers and amalgamated woodworkers inter- national union local no. 201 ; Sept. 28, 1903 — Sept. 28, 1904, . No. 30, Mar., 1904, p. 90 Box manufacturers of Boston and vicinity and amalgamated wood- workers union no. 201 of Boston; Oct. 14, 1903 — Oct. 14, 1904, . . No. 28, Nov., 1093, p. 162 Boxmakers union no. 201 and employers; Oct. 1, 1906 — Oct. 1, 1907 No.51,Jul.-Aug.,1907,p.54 BREWERY WORKMEN: Boston: Proprietors of Boston breweries and local unions nos. 14 and 29 of Boston, national union of the united brewery workmen of the United States; Mar. 1, 1903 — Mar. 1, 1904, . . . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 165 BRICKLAYERS: Boston: Bricklayers nos. 3 and 27, stonemasons no. 9 of Boston, and stone- masons no. 34 of Cambridge and no. 37 of Maiden and employers: took effect Jun. 1, 1906 No. 45, Jan., 1907, p. 37 BRIDGE AND STRUCTURAL IRONWORKERS: Boston: Employers and bridge and structural iron workers union no. 7 of Boston and vicinity; May 1, 1903 — Apr. 30, 1904, . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 160 CANDY MAKERS AND PACKERS: Brockton: Employers and candy makers and packers union no. 266, . No. 38, Dec, 1905, p. 335 Part III.] COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS. 311 CAPMAKERS; Boston. Cloth hat and cap manufacturers and local no. 7 of the united cloth hat and cap makers of North America; terminated Aug. 1, 1903, No. 34, Dec., 1904, p. 366 CARPENTERS: Boston: Master carpenters association and united carpenters council; May 1, 1903 — May 1, 1904, No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 157 Fall River: Master builders association and masons and plasterers union no. 11; May 1, 1906 — May 1, 1907, No. 46, Feb., 1907, p. 116 MjLBLBOROnOH : Carpenters union no. 988 and employers; took effect Apr. 16, 1906, No. 46, Feb., 1907, p. 116 Newburyport: Carpenters union no. 989 and master builders; May 1, 1906 — • May 1, 1908, No. 46, Feb., 1907, p. 116 CARPENTERS (Sign): Boston: Sign builders and hangers union no. 1271 and employers; May 1, 1906 — May 1, 1907, . No. 4.5, Jan., 1907, p. 38 CARRIAGE AND CAB DRIVERS: Boston: Employers and carriage and cab drivers imion no. 126; Dec, 1903 — Dec, 1904 No. 30, Mar., 1904, p. 88 CARRIAGE AND WAGON WORKERS: Boston: Employers and carriage and wagon workers international union, local no. 9; took effect Mar. 1, 1904. No. 38, Dec, 1905, p. 334 Carriage and wagon workers international union no. 9 and em- ployers; took effect Mar. 1, 1906. . No. 42, Jul., 1906, p. 292 CIGAR BOXMAKERS. See Boxmakers. CIGARM.AKEHS: Holtoke: Cigarmakersunionno. 51 and employers; took effect Oct. 15, 1906, . No. 51, Aug., 1907, p. 55 CLERKS (Dry Goods): Brockton: Retail clerks international protective association, local no. 605 and employers; Jan. 1, 1905 — Jan. 1, 1906, . . No. 36, Jun., 1905, p. 142 CLERKS (CLOTHEfG and Shoe): Brockton: Retail clerks international protective association, clothing and shoe clerks no. 504 and employers; Jan. 1, 1905 — Jan. 1, 1906, . No. 35, Mar., 1905, p. 52 CLERKS (Grocert and Provision): Brockton: Retail clerks international protective association, local no. 358 and employers; took effect Feb. 1, 1904, No. 36, Jun., 1905, p. 142 Lynn: Retail clerks international protective association, local no. 131 and grocery and provision dealers; Oct. 1, 1905 — Oct. 1, 1906, No. 38, Dec, 1905, p. 336 Grocery and provision clerks union no. 131 and grocery and pro- vision dealers; Oct. 1, 1906 — Oct. 1. 1907, . No. 51, Aug., 1907, p. 56 COAL HANDLERS: Boston: Coal merchants and coal stevedores of Boston and vicimty and coal handlers of Boston, affiliated with I. L. M. and T. A., local no. 623; Jan. 1. 1906 - Jan. 1, 1907, . • No. 40. Mar., 1906. p. 114 COAL HANDLERS AND HELPERS: Holtoke: , . .■ j Coal dealers of Holyoke and vicinity and the coal handlers and helpers union of Holyoke and vicinity; June 8, 1903 — June 8. 19M . . • . No. 28. Nov., 1903, p. 168 COAL HOISTING ENGINEERS: Boston: Employersandcoalhoistingengineersumonno. 74; Jan., 1904 — Jan. 1905, • • No. 31. May. 1904. p. 145 312 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D.15. COAL TEAMSTERS: Boston: International brotherhood of teamsters, local union 68 and em- ployers; April 1, 1905 — April 1, 1906, . . . . No. 36, Jun., 1905, p. 140 Gloucesteh: Team drivers international union, local no. 266 and employers; May 1, 1903 — May 1, 1904, . .... No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 167 Haverhill: Coal dealers of Haverhill and vicinity and team drivers union no. 327; June 1, 1908 — Nov. 1, 1907 No. 43, Sep., 1906, p. 372 See also Teamsters. Lynn: Team drivers international union, local no. 42 and employers; Dec. 30, 1902 — Dec. 30, 1903, . .... No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 170 Team drivers union no. 42 and employers; Jan. 1, 1907 — Jan. 1, 1908, . . ... No. 50, Jun., 1907, p. 350 See also Ice Team Drivers. Malden: Coal dealers of Maiden and vicinity and coal teamsters union no. 314; Apr. 1, 1904 — Apr. 1, 1905, No. 33, Sep., 1904, p. 265 International brotherhood of teamsters, local no. 314 and employers; Apr. 1, 1905 — Apr. 1, 1906, No. 38, Dec, 1905, p. 337 COMPOSITORS: Boston: Boston typothetffi and typographical no. 13, scale of wages for book and job compositors; Mar. 14, 1904 — Feb. 1, 1906, . No. 35, Mar., 1905, p. 52 Beockton: Scale of prices in offices other than daily newspapers. Book and job scaleexpiresDec. 31, 1904; terminated Jan. 1,1905, . . . No. 33, Sep., 1904, p. 253 Newspaper scale of prices, typographical union no. 224; Apr. 16, 1904 — Apr. 16, 1906 No. 33, Sep., 1904, p. 264 Maeter printers and typographical no. 224; Jan. 1, 1905 — Jan. 1, 1906 No. 35, Mar., 1905, p. 52 Brockton: Employers and typographical union no. 224; Jan. 1, 1906 — Jan. 1, 1907 .... No. 42, Jul., 1906, p 294 Lynn: Employers and typographical union no. 120 — scale governing news- papers; Jan., 1905 — Jan., 1910, No. 36, Jun., 1905, p. 144 CONDUCTORS, TRAINMEN, AND YARDMEN: Rates of pay and regulations affecting conductors, trainmen, and yardmen on the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Co., . . No. 44, Dec, 1906, p. 502 CONDUCTORS (Street Railway). See Street railway employees. COPPERSMITHS: Boston; Master coppersmiths and coppersiniths union no. 58 of Boston and vicinity No. 34, Dec, 1904, p. 366 DERRICKMEN: Milford; Employers and derrickmen's union no. 9499; Mar. 1, 1906 — Apr. 1, 1908, No. 42, Jul., 1906, p. 296 ELECTRICAL WORKERS: Boston: Electric contractors of Boston and vicinity and local union no. 103, international brotherhood of electrical workers of America; Jan. 1, 1904 — Oct. 1, 1905 No. 34, Dec, 1904, p. 368 Brockton: Electrical workers union no. 223 and employers; May 1, 1906 — May 1, 1907 No. 45, Jan., 1907, p. 38 Lynn: Employers and international brotherhood of electrical workers of America, Lynn local no. 377; Nov. 1, 1905 — Nov. 1, 1906, . No. 40, Mar., 1906, p. 114 Electrical firms of Lynn and local no. 377, I. B. E. W.; Nov. 1, 1905 — Nov. 1, 1908 No. 42, Jul., 1908, p. 295 Part III.] COLLECTR^E AGREEMENTS. 313 ELEVATOR CONSTRUCTORS: BosTOx: Employers and international union of elevator constructors, Boston local no. 4; July 1, 1905 — May 1, 1906, . No. 38, Dec, 1905, p. 334 ENGINEERS: See Hoisting and portable engineers. Coal hoisting engineers. Stationaiy engineers. Steam engineers EXPRESS DRIVERS: Boston: Express drivers and handlers no. 307 of the international brother- hood of teamsters and employers; May 15, 1905 — May 15, 1906. . . , No. 36, Jun., 1905. p. 141 See aho Transfer drivers. FIREMEN. See Stationary engineers. GARMENT WORKERS: Boston: Local union no. 1 of the united garment workers of America and employers; terminated July 31, 1904, Xo. 30, Mar., 1904, p. 89 GRANITE CUTTERS: Chelmsford: Chelmsford branch of the granite cutters national union and em- ployers; May 1, 1905 — May 1, 1908, . No. 37, Sep., 1905, p. 210 Lawrence: Employers and Lawrence branch of the Granite cutters national union; May 1, 1905— May 1, 1908, . . No. 36, Jun., 1905. p. 143 Milfobd: Employers and Milford branch of granite cutters national union; Apr. 1, 1904 — Apr. 1, 1907, . . .No. 32, Jul., 1904. p. 221 Quinct: Granite manufacturers association and the Quincy branch of the granite cutters national union, . Xo. 36. Jun., 1905, p. 145 Wobcesteb: Employers and branch of the granite cutters national union; Mar. 1, 1903 — Mar. 1, 1904. No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 172 Worcester branch of granite cutters national imion and employers; Mar. 1, 1905 — May 1, 1909, . Xo. 36, Jun., 1905, p. 145 HACK DRIVERS: PrrraFiELD: Employers of hack drivers and hostlers union local no. 458 of team drivers international union; May 1, 1903 — May 1, 1904, No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 170 HOISTING AND PORTABLE ENGINEERS: Boston: Wages and working rules for hoisting and portable engineers union, local no. 4, intemation^ union of steam engineers; took effect May 1, 1903, . . . No. 28, Nov., 1903. p. 161 HOTEL AND RESTAURANT EMPLOYEES: Lynn: Employers and hotel and restaurant employees international alliance of America, local no. 329; May 1, 1905 — May 1, 1906, Xo. 38, Dec, 1905. p 336 ICE TEAM DRIVERS: Ltnn; Team drivers international union local no. 42 and employers; May 1^ 1903 — May 1, 1904, . . No. 28. Nov.. 1903. p. 170 LATHERS (Wood, Wire, and Metal): Boston: Master lathers association of Boston and vicinity and wood, wire. and metal lathera union no. 72; June 1. 1903 — June 1, 1904, No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 159 The master lathers association of Boston and vicinity and wood, wire, and metal lathers imion no. 72; Jan, 26, 1904 — Jan. 26, 1905^ ... . . • - ^'o. 33, Sep.. 1904, p. 252 314 STATISTICS OF LABOR — 1911. [P. D, 15. LAUNDRY WORKERS: Haverhill: Employers and ahirt, waist, and laundry workers international union, local no. 144; May 1, 1903 — May 1, 1904, . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 168 Springfield: Employers and local of shirt, waist, and laundry workers inter- national union; Mar. 11, 1903 — Mar. 11, 1904, . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 171 LONGSHOREMEN: Boston : New scale of wages and working rules of the Boston longshoremen for the port of Boston governing all longshoremen on ocean liners; took effect July, 1903, . No. 34, Dec. 1904. p. 368 Boston longshoremen for the port of Boston and employers, . No. 42, Jul., 1906, p. 292 Boston longshoremen trades council and all transatlantic steamship lines; took effect Feb. 17, 1906, . . . . No. 46, Feb., 1907, p. 114 LONGSHOREMEN (Marine and Tbanbport Workers): Fall River: Employers and international marine longshoremen, and transport workers local no. 624; terminated Feb. 1, 1906, . No. 36, Jun., 1905, p. 142 LUMBER TEAMSTERS AND HANDLERS: Boston : Lumber dealers of Boston and vicinity and lumber and box team- sters and handlers no. 112; May 1, 1906 — May 1, 1909, . No. 42, Jul., 1906, p. 293 MACHINISTS: Boston : Employers and international association of machinists; took effect May 20, 1901, No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 162 Boston and Maine Railroad and international association of ma- chinists, railroad lodge no. 567; took effect May 15, 1905, No. 38, Dec, 1905, p. 335 MARKET AND COMMISSION HOUSE TEAMSTERS: Boston: Market and commission house teamsters union no. 631 and market branch of master teamsters association; 1904 — May 1, 1905, No. 33, Sep., 1904, p. 251 Market and commiRsion house teamsters, local no. 631 and em- ployers; May 1, 1905— May 1, 1906, . No. 38. Dec, 1905, p. 335 Market and commission house teamsters union no. 631 and em- ployers; May 1, 1906 — May 1, 1907, . . . No. 44, Dec, 1906, p. 601 MOTORMEN. See Street railway employees. PAINTERS, DECORATORvS, AND PAPERHANGERS: Boston : Master painters and decorators, members of the master builders association, the master painters and decorators association of Boston and vicinity and \mion no. 11 of the brotherhood of painters, decorators and paperhangers of America; Apr., 1903 — Apr., 1904, . . . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 157 Chelsea: Master painters of Chelsea and union no. 623 of the brotherhood of painters, decorators, and paperhangers of Amciica; Jan. 1, 1904 — Apr., 1905, . . . . No. 34, Dec, 1904, p. 371 Lawrence: Employers and painters, paperhangers, and decorators of America, local no. 44; took effect Jan. 27, 1905, . ... No. 36, Jun., 1905, p. 143 Lynn: Master punters and decorators association of Lynn and vicinity and union no. Ill of the brotherhood of painters, decorators, and paperhangers of America; Apr., 1903 — Apr., 1904, . . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 169 Springfield: Master painters and decorators association and brotherhood of painters and decorators of America, local no. 257; Apr., 1903 — Apr., 1905. . . . . No. 28, Nov., 1903, p. 172 PAPER MILL EMPLOYEES: Montague: International Paper Co. and international brotherhood of pulp, sulphite, and paper mill workers; took effect Sept. 3, 1906, . No. 47, Mar., 1907, p. 181 Part III.] COLLECTR-E AGREEMENTS. 315 PAVIXG CUTTERS: Rockpobt: Paving cutters nos. 52 and 53 and emi^oyeis; June 18, 1906 — «r.x-^ ilar. 1.1908 Xo. 48. Apr.. 1907. p. 244 PIANO AXD FrRXITURE MO\-ERS AND HELPERS: Boston: International brotherhood of teamsters no. 343 and master team- sters of Boston and vidnity; May 2. 1904 — iUy 2. 1907. Xo. 33, Sep , 1904 p 251 PLUMBERS: Boston: Plumbers union no. 12 and master plumbers assodatioQ of Boston and vicinity; took effect May 1, 1907. No. 50. Jun.. 1907, p. 349 Bhocktox: Plumbers union no. 276 and master plumber? association; termi- nated May 1, 1910, . Xo. 46, Feb.. 1907, p. 116 Li"x:s: Journeymen plumbers union and master plumbers of Lynn and vicinity; May 16, 1904 — May 1. 1905. . Xo. 33. Sep.. 19(M, p. 255 Journeymen i^umbers union and the master plumbers of Lynn and vidnity; May 1. 1905 — Apr. 29, 1906. . Xo. 37. Sep.. 1905. p 210 PRIX-TIXG PRESSMEX: Bfioes^roN: Printing presmens and asastapta union no. 102 and employes; Mar. 15. 1906 — Jan. 1. 1907, Xo. 43. Sep., 1906. p. 372 QUARRY WORKERS: Chexmsfohd: The quarry workers international union of X