CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY PRESENTED TO CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BY EVERETT H. RANKIN, 1912 IN MEMORY OF LOUISE SPIEKER RANKIN PR 5549.T36Ri6 Wg'^ '""''^^ Uf Iph Darnell. PR :rrY f EALPI DAENELL. BY THE SAME AUTHOR. SEETA. 3 vols., crown 8vo, cloth. A NOBLE QUEEN : a Romance of Indian History. 3 vols., crown 8vo, cloth. THE CONFESSIONS OF A THUG. Crown 8vo, cloth, price 6s. TARA : a Mahratta Tale. Crown 8vo, cloth, price 6s. LONDON : C. KEGAN PAUL & CO., 1 Patebnostek Square. Cornell University Library The original of tliis bool< is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924013558097 ffli»:^=^^ i=^:^c^d: i,M.. J Ralph Darnell. BY MEADOWS TAYLOR, C.S.I., M.R.A.S., M.R.I.A., Etc., Etc., AUTHOR OF " TARA," " CONFESSIONS OF A THUG," ETC., ETC. SECOND EDITION. LONDON: C.KEGAN PAUL & CO., 1 PATERNOSTER SQUARE. 187 9. COlSTOIf AND SON, PKINTEBS, EDINBCEGH. 1 '-'ol' The Eights of Trcmslaiion and of Reproduction are reserved. TO MY DEAR FATHER, WITH THE LOVE OF MV LIFE I leliirate THIS VOLUME. Old Codbt, Uaeold's Cross, near Dublisi, August 16, 1865. SSE'^ 63B PEEPACE. When I wrote " Tara," it was to illustrate one of the events which had an important effect upon the history of India : the first blow against the dominant power of the Mahomedans, which was struck in 1657. A hundred years later, on the 23d of June 1757, a blow still more momentous in character fell upon aU native powers in India, Mahomedan and Mahratta alike, by the foundation of a Political authority which, heretofore insignificant, rose into immediate action after the battle of Plassey. In this volume I have endeavoured to follow the events and actions of history; and to invest it with such English interest as was, in many instances, com- mon to the period, MEADOWS TAYLOE. CONTENTS. PAET FIRST. CHAP. 1. THE GOLDEN 'COCK, LOWER THAMES STKEBT, n. COMPANIONS, III. A LITTLE PLAY, . IV. SAEB HOME, V. MORNING, VI. ROGER DARNELL AND COMPANY, . VII. THE DARNELLS PAST AND PRESENT, VIIL AN INDIAN LETTER OP 1755, IX. IMPROVEMENTS, . X. THE DARNELLS OP MELOEPETH, • XL ROBERT SMITHSON's VISIT, XIL BESSIE GEOVEK'S MISSION, XIIL RESOLUTIONS AND PREPARATIONS, PAGR 1 6 10 16 23 30 31 40 44 51 59 67 74 PAKT SECOND. XrV. STEADY, RALPH ! .... XV. MR. ELLIOT'S SUPPER AND CONCERT, XVI. IN WHICH MISS CONSTANCE DARNBLL'a POLITICAL EVINCED, ..... XVIL "INSTRUCTIONS FOB A WILL," . XVni. RALPH DABNELl'S VISITORS, XIX. A DINNER IN BLOOMSBUEY SQUARE, XX. PROMENADE, ..... XXI. TEMPTATIONS, ..... • . 85 . . 93 OPINIONS ARE . . 101 , , . 109 , , 114 , , . 123 , , . 130 ^ , . 137 viii CONTENTS. CHAP. PAGE XXII. THE EAEONET IS EXPLICIT, . . . . . .142 XXIII. IN WHICH BBVEEAL IMPOETANT MATTEES AEE DETAILED, . liS XXIV. BUET COUKT, AND OTHER MATTEES EELATING TO THIS HISTOEY, . 154 XXV. THE JOUENET AT NIGHT, AND WHAT CAME Off IT, . 169 XXVI. SUSPENSE, ........ 166 XXVII. IN WHICH EVEETBODT IS VEEY BUST, ..... 172 XXVIII. AND WHAT CAME OF IT, . . . . . .176 XXIX. OUTWAED BOUND, . . . . . . .186 PART THIRD. XXX. EETEOSPECT, .... XXXI. SOZUN, .... XXXII. THE NAWAB AND HIS SLAVE, . XXXUL THE DUKBAE AND THE DEKWI8H, XXXrV. THE EACTOET, CALCUTTA, 1766, XXXV. DISQUIET, .... XXXVL PEEEIN'S EEDOUBT, JUNE IG, 1766, XXXVn. EESIEOED, .... XXXVIII. EEOONOILIATION, XXXIX. EVENDfO, JUNE 19, 1756, XL. THE STORM, AND WHO SURVIVED IT, . XLI. THE BLACK HOLE — SUNDAY HISHT, JUNE 20, 1' XLII. EELEASED, XLIII. SOZUN'S PLOT, XLiv. Julia's chance, XLV. hopeless, XLVI. A LETTBE EKOM ENGLAND, 56, 195 199 205 212 218 223 227 236 242 248 252 259 265 269 273 278 283 PART FOURTH. XLVn. COLONEL OLIVE AT MADRAS, .... XLVin. COLONEL CLIVE AT CALCUTTA, XLIX. THE NAWAB's TE0UBLE8, .... L. SOZUN AND HEE PEOPLE, .... LI. THE NAWAB'S SECOND VISIT TO THE GE,>JTLEMEN OF CALCUTTA, LIL ITS EESULT — EEBEUAEY 3, 1757, LIII. EEEE 291 296 301 308 316 323 330 CONTENTS. IX CHAP. LIV. THE EVE OP PLASSET, . LV. THE BATTLE AND THE SEOKET, LVI. PUEStllT AMD ESCAPE, LVII. DESTINT, LVin. THE NAWAB's LAST MABCH LIS. HOMEWAEDS, . PAGE 337 34i 350 356 363 371 PAET FIFTH. LX. ■WHAT MRS. WHARTON WROTE, LXI. SYBIL MORTON'S HISTORT, LXII. ROGER DARNELL AND COMPANY — DECEMBER 15, 1757, LXln. ON THE TRACT, .... LXIV. CRAIQPBBL, ..... LXV. MBLOEPETH ONCE MORE, LXVI. OUTWARD BOUND, LXVn. OLD PEIENDS, . LXVIU. MAEEIED, . . • . LSIX. CONCLUSION, . . . • 379 382 391 400 408 418 424 432 437 444 PAET FIEST. RALPH DARNELL. CHAPTER I. THE GOLDEN COCK, LOWER THAMES STREET. It was a rough afternoon tliat of the 21st March 1755. True to its period, a blustering equinoctial gale had set in since morning, and was rapidly increasing. Clouds of dust in the then ill-swept streets of London swirled along with little intermission, enveloping horses, vehicles, and passengers in temporary obscurity ; then passing on to meet wayfarers, caught them suddenly at the corners of sheltered streets, causing them to stagger, or clap their hands hastily upon the small three-cornered hats which sate lightly upon the wigs then worn by most of the liege subjects of His Moat Gracious Majesty King George the Second. During the course of the morning, a few smartly- dressed and venturesome beaux had tried the Mall ; and even a few of the ladies of the then " fast " species of our ancestresses had sallied forth, for the sky for a while was clear and bright ; but the wind was too much for them. It blew in fierce gusts from the river down Birdcage Walk, and even the unavoidable precautions of gay bandanas tied round hats and wigs, or curls and toupees, had been frequently insufficient, and many an honest sixpence had been earned by gamins, porters, and chairmen, following and recovering lost possessions. Beaux and belles, with their own powder blown into their eyes, together with street dust ; their mouths closed tightly, or tied up in mufflers ; the hoops of the one, and the gay-laced coats and ruffles of the other, sorely discomposed by the storm ; unable to flirt, or even in most cases to exchange more than the barest civUities, had already given up the fight, and left victory with the boisterous element. It was difflcult, very difflcult, for chairs to get about ; extra porters were reaping a plentiful harvest by steadying those top-heavy vehicles ; and as each passed, you might have seen that, whether gay lady powdered and frizzed after the wonderful fashion of the time, or gentleman of quality in lace or embroidered satin or velvet, bound to the rout, club- house, or coffee-tavern, the person within expressed anxiety at every RALPH DARNELL. succeeding blast ; and you might have heard very often a faint shriek of alaitn, as a fair inmate nervously clutched the tassels which hung at her sides. Hackney coaches seemed but little if anything better, for they swayed about on their long springs ; and their drivers, half- blinded, and barely able to keep their lofty seats, seemed hardly to be trusted by the passengers within ; for here and there a head might be seen to emerge suddenly from the window, to be as quickly with- drawn when there came up a fresh whirlwind, and its fellow-travellers urged the throwing up of the glass as rapidly as possible, and appa- rently yielded themselves to their fate. It was, however, on the river that the gale was beginning to be felt most severely. Often during the morning, the skippers and mates of the vessels lying below London Bridge, by the Tower Wharf, and elsewhere, had looked up to the sky in their short, rapid deck-walk ; and as they swung their arms with loud thuds against their sides, had said, "It will blow off; it's only a fresh breeze, after all." They are thankful, nevertheless, that they are not off Flamborough Head, or the Goodwin, pitch iag and labouring in the heavy seas. As the afternoon drew on, however, scraps of grey cloud came one by one out of the east, and hurried up the river, seeming to sweep past the cross of St. Paul's or touch the weathercocks on the church steeples. They might easily be counted at first, as they disappeared over West- minster Abbey and St. James's, and joined together beyond ; but they increased so fast, that the sun, who had blinked from among them as long as he could see, gave up at last, and was hidden away altogether before he had set. As the sky grew thicker and the scud drove lower, many a watchful mate and skipper looked to his ship's tackle, and made everything as snug as he could. Topgallant masts were lowered, and theii- yards struck ; topsail and lower yards were braced up sharp to the wind ; the strong cables and hawsers by which vessels were moored in their places were carefully looked to, precautions to pre- vent chafing were taken as far as possible, and soft rope-fenders were thrown over the vessels' sides. Still the wind rose, and the scud flew faster overhead. The wind was rising with the tide. As the sea-stream hurried up, it seemed impelled by the gale, which swept on in gusts, blackening the surface as the wind struck it, and often, indeed, scooping up and whisking away in spray whatever it could lay hold of; but there were no waves as yet. The current set upwards through London Bridge, and a few wherries, plied with lusty stroke, seemed to fly over the surface, and, as if endowed with life, to enjoy their rapid course westwards. Those coming down the river, however grew fewer and fewer. It was next to impossible to meet both tide and wind, and, after struggling for a while, one by one the stout watermen, like the fashionables on the Mall, gave up the contest, landed their TilE GOLDEN COCK, L OWER THAMES STREET. 3 fares at the nearest steps, and made their boats fast for the night as best they could. As it was no time for out-door amusement, or even safe passage through the streets — ^for here and there a slate, or tile, or chimney- pot came flying down through the air, and was smashed to pieces on the pavement, barely avoided in many instances by those on foot — so the taverns and coffee-houses were full of people. Some, driven into them by stress of weather, were taking temporary shelter; others had fairly settled down to a night of cards, dice, or drink, as it might be. East or -west it was the same ; and in the more fashionable resorts of St. James's, as in those of the city proper and its outskirts, the gay and dissolute of London gathered together. What matter if the houseless poor roamed about in rags and misery, and shivering sought what shelter they could find in by-lanes and under porches of great mansions or churches ? what matter if, on the roaring sea, many a crew of hard-pressed seamen began to find sails blown from their bolt-ropes and grim death staring them in the face, and, with little hope of clawing off' the dreaded lee-shore of eastern England, prayed their last prayer and commended their souls to God ? I say none of these fierce and horrible strivings with the elements troubled the tavern-goers. Within were warmth and comfort ; rich viands, generous wines, or strong spirits ; and amusement and excitement blended together in bright contrast with the hideous riot without ; and thus the gay world, flirting, playing, or drinking — ^in palace, mansion, or tavern — was happy after its fashion, and defied the storm. Not far from London Bridge, in Lower Thames Street, on the right-hand side as you went eastwards, stood at that time an old tavern of high local repute, which, as its sign without informed the passenger, was "the Golden Cock." This building was long and low, being of one story only over the ground-floor. Above, three long projecting oriel windows in the centre, with others at the sides, marked the positions of the large apartment frequented by parties of the higher character of guests, and its smaller ones for possibly more select or private company ; and the bright light which now streamed from all, and the dark forms which occasionally flitted before the latticed windows, showed them to be well filled as they were brightly lighted. To the street, the oblong windows of the lower story, of similar shape to those above, but guarded by grim iron stanchions, were also full of light; and the whole place looked so cheerful in comparison with the street, that many a chance passenger had entered in at the half-open door, which was sheltered by a deep projecting porch, instead of struggling more with the gale— and, according to his quality, and perhaps the length of his purse, either went UD the broad black oak stairs which led to the upper rooms, RALPH DARNELL. or turned into the long low apartment to the left of the great hall. There a cro-wd of persons sat drinking ale or hot punch, and smoking vigorously ; and from the room, as the door opened occasionally, a confused clamour of tongues, or a droning song or lusty chorus, and a cloud of tobacco-smoke, and reek of ale, and gin, and brandy-punch, escaped into the outer hall, till the door was shut again. This hall was a large room, in fact, with benches all round, and opened into an apartment or deep bay towards the river, which in summer was a favourite resort of watermen and sailors. Above it was a similar projecting room, which formed a portion of the central apartment before alluded to, and from both of these there was an uninterrupted view of the river ; and nothing could be pleasanter on a fine sunny day than to sit at the open windows of this room, watching the wherries, the ships, and the varying objects and changes of river lifa On the right of the hall was the bar, now set out gaily with bright pewter pots, glasses, and a few silver flagons for the use of quality who would drink their mulled wine only out of precious metaL The place was brightly illuminated with strong oil lamps, whose light was reflected by sconces. A roaring wood-fire burned in a wide chimney ; and through another door the large kitchen was discernible, glowing with brilliant tin and copper vessels, and with delf plates and dishes on its shelves. Here a long bright coal-fire glowing in the grate was covered with various pots and pans, stewing and bubbling, and partly screened by several active wenches with bare arms and short petticoats, whose principal employment at the present time seemed to be the frying of rashers of bacon and eggs — -the hissing, crackling sound of which, and their appetising odour, came strongly into the hall. It was said that this tavern was part of an old mansion which had stood in the time of the Plantagenets ; and perhaps it did. Suits of mail and weapons might once have hung on the great hooks round the hall, and the benches and the wide fire-place have seen the rough merriment and watch and ward of the retainers of the house. The place was perhaps little altered from its original condition ; and if well-worn flags in the hall, and the almost black colour of the staircase, with its heavy carved banisters, of the oak wainscot and the paneled ceUing, might be accepted as a proof of antiquity, there could be no doubt of that of the Golden Cock. The doors and windows of the rooms looking upon the river had been carefully shut since the gale had risen ; else, as you passed tlirough the hall and bay beyond, you emerged upon a broad wooden terrace or stage, built upon piles, and protected by a stout rail to- wards the water. Here, on fine .summer days or evenings, parties sat at small tables provided by the house, and smoked, drank, played THE GOLDEN COCK, LO WER THAMES STREET. 5 or ate as. they had a mind to do ; while wherries rocked and bobbed on the wavelets in the river, and a crowd of smart watermen, dressed in their best, took fares for a row np to Westminster or Chelsea, or down river to see the large Bast and West Indiamen at Blaokwall, or for a ramble in beautiful Greenwich Park. It will be allowed, then, that the Golden Cock had many advan- tages of position for the entertainment of its frequenters ; and there was not the least doubt that its host, Mister John Wilkins, was master of his trade, and did not neglect his opportunities. He was bound to serve his guests with the best, and he did so. A useful good-natured wife overlooked the kitchen ; and her store of receipts for all old-fashioned English dishes, and many French, were the envy of all tavern-keepers in London who knew of them. Nay, I have reason to believe that they formed the basis of that excellent book — " The Compleat Housewife, or Accomplish'd Gentlewoman's Com- panion, compiled by Mister E. Smith, and printed for J. & J. Pem- berton at the Golden Buck, over against St. Dunstan's Church in Fleet Street, in 1736." The excellent preface to which sets forth, no doubt with Mistress Wilkins's entire concurrence, not only the profane but the religious and metaphysical view of the science of cookery ; and how, "in the Infant Age of the World the Inhabitants contented themselves with the provisions of Nature ? The Art of Cookery was unknown ; Apples, Nuts, and Herbs were both Meat and Sauce, and Mankind stood in no need of additional Sauce, Ragoes, etc., but a good appetite." How, also, "when Man began to pass from a Vegetable to Animal Diet, and feed on Flesh, Fowls, and Fish, their Seasonings grew necessary ; and probably Salt was the first Seasoning discovered, for of Salt we read Gen. xiv." And then how, " when Digestive Faculties became Weak and Impotent, the use of Soops and savory Messes began. So that Cookery began to be a Science, though Luxury had not brought it to the Height of an Art." Thus we also read that "Jacob made such palatable Pottage, that Esau purchased a Mess of it at the extravagant Price of his Birthright ; and Isaac, before by his last Will and Testament he bequeathed his Blessing to his Son Esau, required him to make some savoury Meat, such as his Soul loved— i.e., such as was relish- able to his blunted Palate." I am afi-aid I cannot find time to follow the learned argument as to the identity of the first cook, therein set forth— whether it was Abraham, Esau, or Rebekah. This, it^ is pithily^ stated, is a question "too knotty for me to determine"— and no doubt it is so. I am convinced that Mrs. Wilkins had studied it profoundly, as she did the practice of her noble art. Was it not needful that she should be as much mistress of her pecuKar department as her husband was of his ? For the shipping was nigh at hand, and mai