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LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE BUREAU 
 
 A COMPILATION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Laws Relating to Juvenile Courts 
 
 mp 
 
 Dependent, Neglected, Incorrigible and 
 Delinquent Children 
 
 PKEPARED Br 
 
 JOHN H. FERTIG AND S. EDWARD HANNESTAD 
 
 UNDER J'HE DIRECTION OF 
 
 JAMES N. MOORE, DIRECTOR 
 
 HAREISBUEG, PA.: 
 
 WM. STANLEY KAY, STATE PBINTBE 
 
 1916 
 
The original of tiiis book is in 
 tine Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924013948983 
 
LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE BUREAU 
 
 A COMPILATION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Laws Relating to Juvenile Courts 
 
 Dependent, Neglected, Incorrigible and 
 Delinquent Children 
 
 PREPARED BY 
 
 JOHN H. FERTIG AND S. EDWARD HANNESTAD 
 
 UNDER THE DIRECTION OF • 
 
 JAMES N. MOORE, DIRECTOR 
 
 HAREISBURG, PA.: 
 
 WM. STANLEY RAY, STATE PRINTER 
 
 1916 
 

 ^^ 
 
 >^ 
 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 This compilation was prepared under the provisions of the Act of 
 May 14, 1915 (Pamphlet Laws, Page 474), which authorizes the Legis- 
 lative Reference Bureau "to continue the work commenced by it under 
 the provisions of an Act, approved the twentieth day of May, one 
 thousand nine hundred and thirteen, entitled 'An act directing the 
 Legislative Reference Bureau to prepare compilations or codes, by 
 topics, of the existing general laws of this Commonwealth, for 
 adoption or rejection by the General Assembly ; fixing the compensa- 
 tion of the assistant director, and making an appropriation there- 
 for.' » 
 
 The topic for this compilation was suggested by the Governor in 
 Veto number 195 and published in "Vetoes by the Governor of Bills 
 and Resolutions passed by the L^islature, Session of 1915," page 
 460, which veto is as follows: j, 
 
 "I file herewith, in the oflSce of t^e Secretary of the Commonwealth 
 with my objection. Senate bill NoQ- 7S0, entitled 'A joint resolution 
 authorizing the appointment of a comnjission to consider the revision 
 and amendment of the laws of the State, penal and otherwise, in 
 reference to juvenile courts, and all offenses or crimes committed by 
 minors, and the punishment thereof, and to make a report on the same, 
 and making an appropriation to the expenses of said commission.' 
 
 "This joint resolution provides for a commission of seven to study and 
 report upon all laws relating to juvenile offenders, juvenile courts, and 
 crimes committed by minors. It carries an appropriation of $5,000. 
 
 "This work can be done and well done by the Legislative Reference 
 Bureau, with the advice and assistance of the' Attorney General. To 
 expend the sum here suggested through a commission is unnecessary. 
 
 "For these reasons this bill is not approved." 
 
 We shall be gratified if the person into whose hands this compila- 
 tion comes will read it carefully, criticize it fully and freely and 
 send any resulting suggestions or recommendations to the Bureau. 
 
 LEGISLATIVE REFERENCE BUREAU. 
 
 April 1, 1916, Harrisburg, Penn'a. 
 
OONTIONTS. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1. Table of Contents, 7 
 
 3. Lavs Relating to Juvenile Coarts and Dependent, Bte., Children, 
 
 3. Chronological Table of Statutes in Text, 107 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 Sections. 
 
 I. Establishment of Juvenile Courts; jurisdiction and powers, 1- 8 
 
 II. Probation and other officers and employes of juvenile courts; sal- 
 aries, 9-13 
 
 III . Houses and rooms for the detention of juvenile offenders and depend- 
 
 ent and neglected children prior to hearing and commitment, .... 14- S3 
 
 IV. Proceedings in Juvenile Courts . Hearings. Commitment. Appeals. 
 
 €oste, 34-54 
 
 V. liability for cost of commitment, maintenance and instruction of ju- 
 venile offenders, and indigent, neglected and dependent children, 55- ^ 
 
 VI. Homes, schools, societies, institutions, houses of correction and re- 
 formation, and reformatories for the care, custody, control and 
 education of delinquent, dependent and neglected children, 65-170 
 
 (a) State institutions, 65-114 
 
 (1) Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory at Hunting- 
 don, 65-86 
 
 (2) Pennsylvania Training School at Morganza, .... 87-99 
 
 (3) State Industrial Home for Women at Muncy. Sta- 
 
 tion, 97-114 
 
 (b) Semi-State institutions, 115-128 
 
 (1) Glen Mills School, 115-128 
 
 Cc) County schools and county industrial homes, 129-150 
 
 (1) County schools for the care, maintenance and in- 
 
 struction of male children committed by Juvenile 
 Courts, 129-138 
 
 (2) County schools for the care, maintenance and in- 
 
 struction of female children committed by Juve- 
 nile Courts, 139-149 
 
 (3) County industrial homes for the care and training 
 
 of children, 150 
 
 ^ 1) Municipal institutions, 151-159 
 
 (1) House of Correction, Employment and Reforma- 
 tion of Philadelphia, 151-159 
 
 (e) Miscellaneous institutions 160-170 
 
 (1) Homes for friendless children, 160-164 
 
 (2) Philadelphia Protectory, 165-166 
 
 (3) Incorporated societies, 167-170 
 
 Yll. Detention, control and boarding out of delinquent, dependent and 
 
 neglected children, 171-176 
 
 VIII. Employment of inmates of reformatory and correctional institutions, 177-198 
 
 (7) 
 
Sections. 
 
 IX . Placing out and identuriug of children . Return of children, 197-201 
 
 X . Visitors and visitation of institutions in which delinquent, dependent 
 
 and neglected children are committed . Reports, 202-214 
 
 XI. Miscellaneous provisions relating to institutions, ~ 215-223 
 
 XII. Miscellaneous penal provisions, 224-230 
 
ESTABLISHMENT OP JUVENILE COURTS. JURISDICTION 
 
 AND POWERS. 
 
 1. PREAMBLE. CAUSES LEADING TO THE ESTABLISH- 
 MENT OF JUVENILE COURTS. WHEREAS, The welfare of the 
 State demands that children should be guarded from association 
 and contact with crime and criminals, and the ordinary process of 
 the criminal law' does not provide such treatment and care and moral 
 encouragement as are essential to all children in the formative period 
 of life, but endangers the whole future of the child; , 
 
 AND WHEREAS, Experiefnce has shown that children, lacking 
 proper parental care or guardianship, are led into courses of life 
 which may render them liable to the pains and penalties of the 
 criminal law of the State, although in fact the real interests of such 
 child or children require that they be not incarcerated in penitentia- 
 ries and jails, as members of the criminal class, but be subjected to 
 a wise care, treatment and control, that their evil tendencies may be 
 checked and their better instincts may be strengthened; 
 
 AND WHEREAS, To that end, it is important that the powers of 
 the courts, in respect to the care, treatment and control over depend- 
 ent, neglected, delinquent and incorrigible children, should be clearly 
 distinguished from the powers exercised in the administration of the 
 criminal law. 
 
 Preamble to Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274. 
 
 This act was held constitutional in Commonwealth v. Fisher, 21S Pa., 
 i8, affirming Same, 27 Sup. Gt., 175. 
 
 The first act in Pennsylvania seeking to establish a special jurisdic- 
 tion in the courts over juveniles was the Act of May 21, 1901, P. L. 279, 
 by which act original jurisdiction in juvenile cases was given to the courts 
 of oyer and terminer and the courts of quarter sessions ; and the judges 
 of these courts were directed to designate one of their number to hear 
 such cases. This act, however, was declared unconstitutional by the 
 Superior Court in Mansfield's Case, 22 Sup. Ct., 22/,, and subsequently 
 repealed by the Act of 1903 above (Sec. 12, Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274). 
 
 2. JUVENILE COURTS ESTABLISHED. JURISDICTION. 
 CERTAIN WORDS DEFINED. JUVENILE COURTS HOW TO 
 
 ■ BE HELD. RECORDS. The courts of quarter sessions of the peace, 
 within the several counties of this Commonwealth, shall ha'-e and 
 possess full jurisdiction in all proceedings which may be brought 
 before them affecting the treatment and control of dependent, 
 
 (9) 
 
neglected, incorrigible and delinquent children, under tlie age of six- 
 teen years; and for the purpose of this act, the words "dependent 
 child" aiid "neglected child" shall mean any child who is destitute, 
 homeless, abandoned, or dependent upon the public for support, or 
 who has not proper parental care or guardianship. The words "in- 
 corrigible children" shall mean any child who is charged by its 
 parent or guardian with being unmanageable. The words "delin- 
 quent child" shall mean any child, including such as have hereto- 
 fore been designated "incorrigible children" who may be charged with 
 the violation of any law of this Commonwealth, or the ordinance of 
 any city, borough or township. 
 
 The powers of the court of quarter sessions of the peace, as pro- 
 vided for in this act, may be exercised by any one or more judges 
 of such court, who may be assigned for the purpose at a session of 
 said court, which shall be known as the juvenile court; and all ses- 
 sions of such juvenile court shall be held separate and apart from 
 any session of the court held for the purpose of its general criminal 
 or other business, and the records of the proceedings of such juvenile 
 court Shall be kept in a docket, separate from all other proceedings 
 of said court. 
 
 See. 1, Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274. 
 
 In the County of Philadelphia this jurisdiction is exercised by the 
 Municipal Court of Philadelphia under Section 1 of the Act of June 17, 
 1915, P. L. 1017, infra section 6; and in the County of Allegheny by the 
 County Court of Allegheny County under Section 1 of the Act of March 
 19, 1915, P. L. 5, infra section 4. 
 
 No new court is created by this act, "and the ancient court of quarter 
 sessions, which is older than all the Constitutions of Pennsylvania, is 
 given thereby not greater but different powers from those "previously ex- 
 ercised." Commonwealth v. Fisher, 21S Pa., JiS, 52, affirming same, 
 27 Sup. Ct. 175. 
 
 3. JURISDICTION AND POWERS OF JUVENILE COURTS. 
 CONTROL OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS PENDING FINAL DIS- 
 POSITION OP CASE. The powers of the court may be exercised: 
 
 (1). Upon the petition of any citizen, resident of the county, 
 setting forth that a child is neglected, dependent or delinquent, and 
 is in need of the care and protection of the court. 
 
 (2). Whenever any magistrate or justice of the peace, in com- 
 mitting a child arrested for an indictable offence, shall certify that, 
 in his opinion, the good of the child and the interests of the State do 
 not require a prosecution upon an indictment, under the ciiminal 
 laws of the Commonwealth. 
 
 (3). Whenever, after return made by a magistrate of the pro» 
 ceedings, upon the arrest of such delinquent child for an indictable 1 
 offence, the district attorney of the county, either before or after 
 the indictment, shall certify that, in his opinion, the good of the 
 
 10 
 
child and the interests of the State do not require a prosecution upon 
 an indictment, under the criminal laws of this Commonwealth. 
 
 (4). Whenever, upon the trial of any indictment of such delinquent 
 child, the judge trying the cause is of opinion that the good of the 
 child qnd the interests of the State do not require a conviction under 
 the criminal laws of this Commonwealth. 
 
 Upon the filing of any petition, as above set forth., or whenever the 
 jurisdiction of the court has attached by the filing of a certificate of 
 a, magistrate or justice, of the peace, or of the district attorney, or 
 by the action of a judge, as above set forth, it shall be within the power 
 of the judge, holding said juvenile court, to make all necessary orders 
 for compelling the production of such child, and the attendance of the 
 parents and all persons having the custody or control of the Child, 
 or with whom the child may be ; and pending the final disposition of > 
 any case, the child shall be subject to the order of the court, and may 
 be permitted to remain in the control of its parents or the person 
 having it in charge, or of the probation offtcer, or may be kept in some 
 place provided by the State or county authorities, or by any associa- 
 tion having for one of its objects the care of delinquent or neglected 
 children, as the court may order. 
 
 See. 2, Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274. 
 
 See notes to the section immediately preceding. 
 
 3a. PEOCEEDINGS BY SCHOOL DIEECTOES AGAINST CEE- 
 TAIN SCHOOL CHILDEEN. In case any child between eight and 
 sixteen years of age cannot be kept in school in compliance with the 
 provisions of this act, on account of incorrigibility, truancy, insu- 
 bordination, or other bad conduct, or if the presence of any such child 
 attending school is detrimental to the welfare of such school, on ac- 
 count of incorrigibility, truancy, insubordination, or other bad con- 
 duct, then, in any such case, the board of school directors of the 
 proper district may, by its^ superintendent, supervising principal, 
 secretary, or attendance officer, under such rules and regulations 
 as said board may adopt, proceed against said child before the ju- 
 venile court, or otherwise, as is now or may hereafter be provided 
 by law for incorrigible, truant, insubordinate, or. delinquent children. 
 See. 1438, Act of May 18, 1911, P. L. 309. 
 
 4. JURISDICTION OF THE COUNTY COURT OP ALLE- 
 GHENY COUNTY. In all proceedings concerning dependent, delin- 
 quent, incorrigible, or neglected children under the age of sixteen 
 years, as defined by existing laws relating thereto, the county court 
 of Allegheny County shall have exclusively all the jurisdiction and 
 powers now vested in and exercised by the court of quarter sessions 
 of the peace of said county, sitting as a juvenile court, or of any judge 
 of said court sitting as a juvenile court judge; and all laws relating 
 
 11 
 
to such jurisdiction and powers of the court of quarter sessions are 
 hereby made applicable to the said county court. Said county court 
 shall also have jurisdiction in all proceedings for the custody of 
 children, where the court has acquired jurisdiction in matters re- 
 lating to their maintenance. The judges of said county court, shall 
 be ex-officio justices of the peace. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of March 19, 1915, P. L, 5, supplementing Act of May 5, 1911, 
 P. L. 198. 
 
 Prior to the passage of this act, the jurisdiction over juveniles in Alle- 
 gheny County was in the court of quarter sessions of the county, under 
 Section 1 of the Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274, supra section 2. 
 
 5. DESIGNATION OP JUDGE OF COUNTY COURT OF AL- 
 X.EGHENY COUNTY TO HOLD JUVENILE COURT. The presid- 
 ing judge of the court shall designate one member of the court to hold 
 such juvenile court. The said judge shall be assigned to said court 
 for a period of one year, or longer in the discretion of the presiding 
 judge. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of March 19, 1915, P. L. 5, supplementing Act of May 5, 1911, 
 P. L. 198. 
 
 The "presiding judge" herein referred to is the presiding judge of the 
 County Court of Allegheny County. 
 
 6. JURISDICTION. OP MUNICIPAL COURT OP PHILADEL- 
 PHIA. The said court, hereby created, shall have jurisdiction in 
 all criminal actions and suits for penalties, except that it shall not 
 have jurisdiction in the trial of indictments for arson, burglary, 
 murder, voluntary manslaughter, treason, or misprision of treason, 
 or for violation or conspiracy to violate the election or registration 
 laws of this Commonwealth, or for embezzlement by any public offi- 
 cer, or any offense involving breach of official duties by any public 
 officer: Provided, however. That nothing herein contained, and no 
 exception to the jurisdiction of the said court herein set forth, shall 
 be construed to deprive the said court of exclusive jurisdiction in 
 those cases hereinafter in this section set forth.) 
 
 The jurisdiction of the said Municipal Court shall be exclusive — 
 [(a) In all proceedings brought against any husband or father, 
 wherein it is charged that he has without reasonable cause separated 
 himself from his wife or children, or from both, or has neglected to 
 maintain his wife or children; and in all proceedings where any 
 child of full age has neglected or shall neglect to maintain his or her 
 parents, not able to work or of sufficient ability to maintain them- 
 selves; and in all proceedings for the custody of children.] 
 
 (b) In all proceedings concerning dependent, delinquent, or 
 neglected children, as defined by existing laws relating thereto, which 
 are hereby made applicable to proceedings in the Municipal Court. 
 
 12 
 
(c) In all proceedings concerning, or trials of charges brought 
 against, all persons, whether adults or minors, accused of disorderly 
 street-walking. 
 
 (d) In all proceedings concerning, or trials of charges brought 
 against, all minors between the ages of sixteen and twenty-one years 
 who shall disobey their parents' command, or be found idle in the 
 streets, and against all disorderly children. 
 
 (e) All children not_ under the age of sixteen years deserting 
 their homes without good and sufficient cause, or keeping company 
 with dissolute or vicious persons, against the lawful commands of 
 their fathers, mothers, or guardians, or other person standing in the 
 place of a parent, shall be deemed disorderly children. 
 
 The judges of the said municipal court shall be ex-offlcio justices 
 of the peace. When defendants are bound over for trial in any case, 
 indictments may be presented against them before the grand jury in 
 accordance with existing laws, which indictments may be tried 
 either in existing courts or in the Municipal Court as the case may 
 be: Provided, however, That if it shall be decided by the courts that 
 provisions herein for exclusive jurisdiction in Municipal Court, or 
 for abolishing preliminary hearings in certain cases, are unconstitu- 
 tional, the intent of the Legislature is hereby expressed that said 
 provisions only shall be void, and that all other provisions of this 
 act shall be valid and enforceable. 
 
 See. 1, Act of June 17, 1915, P. L. 1017, amending Sec. 11, Act of July 12, 1913, 
 P. L. 711. 
 
 Prior to the passage of the Act of July 12, 1913, P. L. 711, establishing 
 the municipal court, the jurisdiction over juveniles in Philadelphia was 
 in the court of quarter sessions under section one of the Act of April 25, 
 1903, P. L. 274, supra section 2. 
 
 The juvenile court of Philadelphia is operated under and by virtue of 
 Clause (b) of this section and takes cognizance only of cases affecting 
 children under sixteen years of age, thus carrying out the purpose orig- 
 inally established by the Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274, supra sections 
 2 and 3. Cases coming under Clauses (c), (d) and (e) of this section 
 are heard in a separate court known as the "Misdemeanants' Court," and 
 cover the cases formerly provided for in the Act of June 2. 1871, P. L. 
 1301, infra sections 151 to 159. These two courts are held at distinctly 
 separate places in the City of Philadelphia. 
 
 7. DESIGNATION OF JUDGE OF MUNICIPAL COURT OF 
 PHILADELPHIA TO HOLD JUVENILE COURT. The president 
 judge of the court shall designate one member of the court to hold 
 a juvenile court. The said judge shall be assigned to said court 
 for a period of one year, or longer, in the discretion of the president 
 judge. 
 
 Part of Sec. 8, Act of July 12, 1913, P. L. 711. 
 
 The president judge herein referred to is the president judge of the 
 Municipal Court of Philadelphia . 
 
 13 
 
8. PRELIMINARY HEARINGS' IN JUVENILE CASES IN 
 PHILADELPHIA ABOLISHED. (In desertion and non-support 
 cases and) in juvenile cases there shall be no preliminary hearings; 
 but the person accused, or children involved, shall be immediately 
 brought before the court for trial. 
 
 Part of Sec. 13, Act of July 12, 1913, P. L. 711. 
 
 This section relates to the Municipal Court of Philadelphia only. 
 
 Preliminary hearings in juvenile cases in Philadelphia County are also 
 abolished by Section 1, of the Act of June 15, 191S, P. I... 988, infra, 
 section 11. 
 
 IL 
 
 PROBATION AND OTHER OFFICERS AND EMPLOYES OF 
 JUVENILE COURTS. SALARIES. 
 
 9. APPOINTMENT OF PROBATION OFFICERS. SALARIES. 
 DUTIES. The court shall appoint or designate one or more discreet 
 persons, of good character, to serve as probation officers during the 
 pleasure of the court. Said probation officers shall receive compen- 
 sation to be fixed by the said court of quarter sessions of the peace. 
 Such compensation shall not exceed one hundred dollars a month 
 for each officer, and, in addition thereto, such expenses as may be 
 hecessary and approved by said courts. Said compensation and ex- 
 penses shall be paid monthly, at the end of each month, by the county 
 treasurer, upon an order of the county commissioners approved by 
 the president judge of said courts. And it shall be the duty of all 
 probation officers, so appointed, to make such investigation as may be 
 required by the court, to be present in court when the case is heard, 
 and to furnish to the court such information and assistance as the 
 judge may require, and to take such charge of any child, before and 
 after trial, as may be directed by the court. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of April 1, 1909, P. L. 89, amending Sec. 3, Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274. 
 
 For the appointment and salaries of probation officers in the counties of 
 Allegheny and Philadelphia see section 3,. Act of March 19, 1915, P. L. 
 5, and section 1, Act of June 15, 1915, P. L. 988, infra sections 10 
 and 11. 
 
 The court herein referred to is the Court of Quarter Sessions sitting 
 as a juvenile court. 
 
 10. APPOINTMENT OF PROBATION OFFICERS IN ALLE- 
 GHENY COUNTY. SALARIES. The presiding judge shall appoint 
 a chief probation officer, whose salary shall not exceed three thou- 
 sand dollars per year, and such additional probation officers as the 
 in^ijoi'ity of the judges may determine, at salaries not exceeding fif. 
 
 14 
 
teen hundred dollars per year, whose compensation shall be fixed by 
 the majority of the judges of said court, and whose powers and duties 
 shall be similar to those heretofore exercised by probation officers 
 appointed by the court of quarter sessions of the peace of said county. 
 In addition to such compensation, the probation officers shall receive 
 such expenses as may be necessary and shall have been approved by 
 the judge of the juvenile court. Said compensation and expenses 
 shall be paid monthly, out of the treasury of Allegheny County, in 
 the manner in which other county expenses are paid by law. ' 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of March 19, 1915, P. L. 5, supplementing Act of May 5, 1911, 
 P. L. 198. 
 
 The "presiding judge" herein referred to is the presiding judge of the 
 county court of Allegheny County. The section relates to the appoint- 
 ment of probation officers in Allegheny County only. 
 
 For appointment of probation officers in Allegheny County prior to 
 the passage of this act, see section immediately preceding. 
 
 11. APPOINTMENT OF PROBATION OFFICERS AND EM- 
 PLOYES IN PHILADELPHIA. PRELIMINARY HEARINGS IN 
 JUVENILE CASES ABOLISHED. The president judge shall ap- 
 point a chief probation officer, whose salary shall not exceed five thou- 
 sand dollars (|5,000) a year, and such additional probation officers 
 _and employes as he may determine, at salaries not to exceed two 
 thousand five hundred dollars (|2,500) a year, whose powers and 
 duties shall be similar to those heretofore appointed by the cour.t of 
 quarter sessions of the peace for said county. 
 
 There shall be no preliminary hearings in any cases affecting de- 
 pendent, delinquent, or neglected children under the age of sixteen 
 years, as defined by existing laws relating to such proceedings (which 
 laws are hereby made applicable to proceedings in the municipal 
 court) ; but such children shall be brought immediately before the 
 judge of the juvenile court, and he shall hear and determine said 
 cases, separately from each other, at such place and at such hours 
 of the day or night as will, in the judgment of the president judge 
 and of the judge of the juvenile court, be most conducive to the wel- 
 fare of such children. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act Qf June 15, 1915, P. L. 988, amending Sec. 9, Act of July 12, 
 1913, P. L. 711. 
 
 The president judge herein referred to is the president judge of the 
 municipal court of Philadelphia. The section applies to the county of 
 Philadelphia only. 
 
 See supra section 8, also abolishing preliminary hearings in juvenile 
 cases in Philadelphia. 
 
 For appointment of probation officers in Philadelphia prior to the es- 
 tablishment of the municipal court, see supra section 9. 
 
 15 
 
12. APPOINTMENT OF CLERKS, STENOGRAPHERS, ETC., 
 IN CONNECTION WITH JUVENILE COURTS. The judges of the 
 courts of quarter sessions of the peace within the several counties of 
 this Commonwealth shall appoint such clerks, stenographers, and 
 office assistants, in connection with the probation work of the juve- 
 nile court, as shall, in the opinion of the. said judges, be necessary 
 for the efBcient conduct of the said work. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 11, 1911, P.' L. 268, supplementing the Act of April 23, 
 imi. P. L. 274. 
 
 It would seem that this section does not apply to the counties of Alle- 
 gheny and Philadelphia where the jurisdiction over juvenile offenders is 
 conferred upon the county court and municipal court respectively, and 
 which courts have power to make appointment of necessary officers. 
 
 13. SALARIES OF CLERKS, STENOGRAPHERS, ETC. The 
 salary or compensation of all clerks, stenographers, and office assist- 
 ants, so employed, shall be fixed by the judges of the court of quarter 
 sessions of the peace in each county, not to exceed the sum of twelve 
 hundred dollars a year for each such emp,loye, and shall be paid 
 monthly, at the end of each month, by the county treasurer, upon 
 an order of the county commissioners approved by said court. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 11, 1911, P. L. 268, supplementing Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274. 
 
 III. 
 
 HOUSES AND ROOMS FOR THE DETENTION OF JUVENILE 
 OFFENDERS AND DEPENDENT AND NEGLECTED CHIL- 
 DREN PRIOR TO HEARING AND COMMITMENT. 
 
 14. JUVENILE OFFENDERS, PENDING HEARING, NOT TO 
 BE COMMITTED TO JAILS OR POLICE STATIONS, ETC. No 
 child, pending a hearinng under the provisions of this act, shall be 
 held in confinement in any county or other jail, police station, or in 
 any institution to which adult convicts are sentenced. 
 
 See. 7, Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274. 
 
 This section refers to children under the jurisdiction of the juvenile 
 courts only. As to the detention of children in general, section 1 of 
 the Act of June 12, 1893, P. L. 459, provides as follows: "No child under 
 restraint or conviction, under sixteen years of age, shall be placed in 
 any apartment or cell of any prison or place of confinement, or in any 
 court room during the trial of adults, or in any vehicle of transportation 
 in company with adults charged with or convicted of crime." infra 
 section 44. 
 
 15. POLICE MATRON TO BE PROVIDED IN CITIES OF 
 FIRST AND SECOND CLASS. DUTIES. In all cities of this 
 Commonwealth of the first and second classes, a competent female 
 
 Ifi 
 
officer shall be provided for each police station house to which female 
 prisoners and children are or may be taken, who shall be known as 
 a police matron, and whose duty it shall be to receive, search, take 
 charge of and properly care for, all female prisoners and children 
 who shall be brought to such station house. 
 See. 1, Act of May 13, 1889, P. L. 192. 
 
 Section 7 of the Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274, supra section 14, 
 .prohibits the commitment of children under the age of sixteen to police 
 stations. The Act of July 2, 1901, P. L. 601 provides for houses for 
 the detention of untried juveniles in cities of the iirst and second class. 
 It seems therefore that this section would affect only children over the 
 age of sixteen and adult females. 
 
 16. APPOINTMENT OF POLICE MATRONS. COMPENSA- 
 TION. Such police matrons shall be appointed by the same authority 
 and in the same manner <as police officers or patrolm«n are now ap- 
 pointed in the said cities respectively, and their compensation, which 
 shall be fixed by the proper authority having control of the compen- 
 sation of police officers or patrolmen, shall not be less (than) thirty 
 dollars, nor more than one hundred dollars, per month. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 13, 1889, P. L. 192. 
 
 17. COUNTY COMMISSIONERS TO PROVIDE ROOMS FOR 
 CONFINEMENT OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS AWAITING 
 TRIAL AND HEARING. MAINTENANCE OF SUCH CHIL- 
 DREN. It shall be the duty of the board of county commissioners, 
 in each county of the Commonwealth, to provide, furnish, and heat, 
 within the county, a separate room, or rooms, or a suitable building, 
 to be used exclusively for the confinement of any and all children, 
 under the age of sixteen years, who may be in custody awaiting trial 
 or hearing in the courts of the county, and to provide for the mainte- 
 nance and care of such children while in custody. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of July 21, 1913, P. Tj. 870, amending Sec. 1', Act of April 3, 
 1903, P. L. 137. 
 
 18. CITIES OF FIRST AND SECOND CLASS TO ESTABLISH 
 HOUSES FOR DETENTION OF DELINQUENT, NEGLECTED 
 AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN AWAITING DISPOSITION BY 
 COURTS. In every city of the first and second class there shall be 
 provided, in the way hereinafter mentioned, a house or houses of 
 detention, for the reception of untried juvenile offenders and neglected 
 and dependent children under the age of sixteen years, who may 
 be in the custody of an officer appointed or elected under any law 
 of this Commonwealth, and whose cases may be under judicial investi- 
 gation under any laws of this Commonwealth, pending such investiga- 
 tion and final determination of such case or cases. 
 
 See. 1, Act of July 2, 1901, P. L. 601. 
 
 This, act was held to be constitutional in Price v. Walton, J,9 Sup. Ct., 
 1, see p. IS. 
 
 17 
 
19. APPOINTMENT OF BOARD OF MANAGERS. Houses of 
 detention, established under the provisions of this act, shall be pro- 
 vided and managed by a board of managers, consisting of five members, 
 two of whom shall be women ; said board of managers to be appointed 
 by the judges of the courts of oyer and terminer aid general jail 
 delivery and the courts of quarter sessions of the peace having juris- 
 diction in the said respective cities. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of July 2, 1801, P. L. 601. 
 
 20. BOARDS OF MANAGERS NOT TO RECEIVE COMPENSA- 
 TION. TERMS. REMOVAL. The board of managers provided for 
 in this act shall serve without compensation, and shall hold ofiflce 
 for two years and until their successors are appointed, subject to 
 removal by the judge of the said court. 
 
 See. 3, Act of July 2, 1901, P. L. 601. 
 
 21. DUTIES OF BOARD OF MANAGERS. The duties of the 
 said board of managers shall be to provide a house or houses, by 
 leasing the same or otherwise, for the reception of children to be 
 placed therein under the provisions of this act, to alter said house 
 or houses for such purpose, to keep the same in repair, and generally 
 to fit and furnish said house or houses so that the same may be 
 suitable for the care of the children intended to be received, and 
 especially to arrange such house or houses so that a separate room 
 (so far as possible) may be provided for the accommodation of each 
 child who may be received therein, and generally to supervise and 
 oversee the management of said house or houses. 
 
 Sec. i. Act of July 2, 1901; P. L. 601. 
 
 These duties are not a municipal but a county function. Price v. 
 Walton, Ji9 Sup. Gt., 1. 
 
 22. EXPENSES HOW ITEMIZED AND PAID. Expenses in- 
 curred in the performance of the said duties of the board of managers 
 shall be itemized, and presented with proper vouchers to the county 
 commissioners of the county containing the city for which said board 
 of managers may be appointed, who shall be required to pay the said 
 expenses. 
 
 Sec. 5, Act of July 2, 1901, P. L. 601. 
 
 Contracts made for materials for the maintenance of the house of de- 
 tention are not for materials "required by the city," and do not "relate 
 to city affairs," and therefore need not be advertised or in writing. 
 Price V. Walton, Ifi Sup. Ct., 1. In this connection see also section 9 
 of this act, infra section 26. 
 
 23. NTJMBER OF CHILDREN TO BE ADMITTED. Not more 
 than twenty-five (25) children shall be received into any single house 
 of detention provided for in this act. Whenever it shall be necessary 
 
 18 
 
to accommodate more than twenty-five (25) children of the class 
 hereinbefore defined (pending such judicial disposition), it shall be 
 the duty of the board of managers to provide an additional house 
 or houses to accommodate such other children. 
 
 Sec. 6, Act of July 2, 1901, P. L. 601. 
 
 24. APPOINTMENT OF PERSONS IN CHARGE OF HOUSE. 
 SALARIES. It shall be the duty of the board of managers to appoint 
 a man and woman to take charge of the house and children committed 
 to such house of detention, and generally to maintain order and dis- 
 cipline among the children so committed into their keeping. The 
 salary or compensation to be paid to said care-takers shall be fixed 
 by the board of managers, and certified to the county commissioners 
 as one of the expenses of maintaining such house or houses of deten- 
 tion as are established by this act. 
 
 Sec. 7, Act of July 2, 1901, P. L. 601. 
 
 25. WHEN CHILDREN NOT TO BE COMMITTED TO HOUSE. 
 It shall not be essential to commit a delinquent, dependent or ne- 
 glected child to the house of detention established by this act if, in 
 the judgment of the probation officer now or hereafter to be appointed 
 under any present existing law or laws of this Commonwealth, it 
 should be deemed expedient to otherwise dispose of said child. 
 
 Sec. 8, Act of July 2, 1901, P. L. 601. 
 
 26. EXPENSES OF MAINTAINING HOUSES. The cost and 
 expenses of maintaining the houses of detention by this act established, 
 shall be provided'by the respective counties containing the said house 
 or houses of detention, as the cost and expenses of maintaining county 
 prisons are now provided. 
 
 Sec. 9, Act of July 2, 1901, P. L. 601. 
 
 For construction of this section and section 5 of this act, supra section 
 22, see Price v. Walton, Ji9 Sup. Gt., 1. 
 
 27. NECESSITY FOR PLACE FOR DETENTION OP UNTRIED 
 JUVENILIES IN PHILADELPHIA. Whereas, There are annually 
 in the city of Philadelphia, about two hundred and sixty juvenile 
 offenders, mostly boys between the ages of eight and sixteen years, 
 committejd to the county prison and therein locked in a felon's cell 
 who receive the stigma of having been imprisoned, many of them 
 for a first and trivial offense, and though fifty per centum are dis- 
 charged before trial, and twenty-five per centum at the trial by the 
 magistrate, there is a growing desire on the part of the Pennsylvania 
 Prison Society and many philanthropic people, to have established 
 a house of detention for juvenile offenders below sixteen years, to be 
 located in the neighborhood of the county prisons ; and 
 
 19 
 
Whereas, It is very desirable to reiuo\'e such a stigma on the young 
 offender, and try to reclaim him or her to tlie better walks of life, 
 and believeing that if the object be made known some benevolent 
 persons will combine to make such a house or houses of detention 
 a success speedily ; and 
 
 Whereas, It is thought desirable to purchase some large old fash- 
 ioned house that can be remodeled or adapted, or to erect a suitable 
 building or buildings with the approval of the mayor of the city, the 
 chief of department of public safety, the president of the board of 
 inspectors of the county prison, and their prison agent, as to location, 
 arrangement of such building, and equipment, that said house or 
 houses of detention when fully completed may'be transferred free of 
 cost to the city authorities, and cared for in the same manner as the 
 county prisons, therefore 
 Whereas to Act of May 12, 1897, P. L. 65. 
 
 28. PLACES FOR DETENTION OF UNTRIED JUVENILES 
 UNDER THE AGE OF SIXTEEN, IN FIRST CLASS CITIES. Au- 
 thority is herein granted to cities of the first class in the State of 
 Pennsylvania, or to any reputable^ society connected wih prison work 
 associated with other benevolent donors, to purchase, alter or erect 
 a suitable building or buildings, to be known as a house or houses 
 of detention for untried juvenile prisoners of both sexes below the age 
 of sixteen years, with convenient capacity for its' needs in said cities 
 of the first class. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 12, 1897, P. L. 65. 
 
 The Act of July 2, 1901, P. L. 601, supra sections 18 to 26 requires 
 cities of the first class to establish "houses of detention for the reception 
 of untried juvenile ofeenders and neglected and dependent children under 
 the age of sixteen years." Purdon's Digest considers this act repealed by 
 the Act of 1901, while no mention of this act is made in Pepper and 
 Lewis's Digest. 
 
 29. LOCATION AND EQUIPMENT OF BUILDING WHO TO 
 APPROVE. The location, the bulding and equipment of said houses 
 of detention shall be with the approval of the mayor of the city, the 
 chief of the department of public safety, the president of the board 
 of inspectors of the county prison and their prison agent. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 12, 1897, P. L. 65. 
 
 30. COST OF MAINTENANCE OF HOUSE OF DETENTION IN 
 FIRST CLASS CITIES. When fully completed for occupancy and 
 transferred free of cost to the city authorities, the cost of maintaining 
 said house or houses of detention shall be provided for in the same 
 manner as the county prisons. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of May 12, 1897, P. L. 65. 
 
 20 
 
31. APPOINTMENT OF BOAED OF MANAGERS. TERMS OF 
 OFFICE. MANAGEMENT OF INSTITUTION. There shall be a 
 board of five managers appointed by the mayor who shall receive only 
 reasonable official expenses, and shall hold their office for five years, 
 and shall be so classified that one of their number shall go out of 
 office on the first day of January of each year. 'Jhey shall manage 
 and direct in connection with the mayor and department of public 
 safety the business thereof, and make all needful regulations therefor 
 not inconsistent with the Constitution and laws of the Common- 
 wealth. 
 
 Sec. i, Act of May 12, 1897, P. L. 65. 
 
 32. WHO TO BE RECEIVED AND DETAINED IN SUCH 
 HOUSE OF DETENTION. The said board of managers shall receive 
 into said house or houses of detention all untried juveniles of either 
 sex committed thereto under the age of sixteen years, (except those 
 charged with murder or arson), and shall retain them until their 
 dismissal by trial and conviction or acquittal. 
 
 Sec. 5, Act of May 12, 1897, P. L. 65. 
 
 33. COMMITMENTS TO HOUSE OF DETENTION FOR UN 
 TRIED JUVENILES BY COMMITTING MAGISTRATES. When 
 the buildings are ready for occupancy and its regulations established, 
 the committing magistrate shall be officially notified by the mayor 
 that after a given date all untried juveniles below sixteen years of 
 age are to be sent to said house or houses of detention in place of the 
 county prison. The judges of the court of quarter sessions and the 
 magistrates of the county of Philadelphia are hereby empowered to 
 commit all minors under the age of sixteen years charged with any 
 offense against the law to the house of detention while awaiting trial, 
 or while their cases are being investigated. 
 
 Sec. 6, Act of May 12, 1897, P. L. 65. 
 
 IV 
 
 PROCEEDINGS IN JUVENILE COURTS. HEARING. COM 
 MITMENT. APPEALS. COSTS. 
 
 FOR COMMITMENT TO PARTICULAR INSTITUTIONS SEE 
 THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS: 
 
 Section. 
 
 Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory at Huntingdon, 65-71 
 
 Pennsylvania Training School at Morganza , 87-89,91 
 
 State Industrial Home for Women, 103,104,106 
 
 21 
 
Glen Mills Schools, 115,117-121,123 
 
 County Schools, 134, 144 
 
 House of Correction, Employment and Reformation of Philadelphia, 151-155' 
 
 Homes for Friendless Children, • 1® 
 
 Philadelphia Prtitectory, 165,166 
 
 Incorporated Societies, 167-170 
 
 34. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE AND MAGISTRATES NOT TO 
 COMMIT CHILDREN UNDER SIXTEEN YEARS OF AGE. No 
 child under the age of sixteen years shall be committed by any magis- 
 trate or justice of the peace "to any institution for the purpose of 
 correction or reformation, but all applications for such commitment 
 shall be made to the court of quarter sessions of the county. 
 
 See. 1, Act'of March 26, 1903, P. L. 66. 
 
 In Allegheny County this application should now be made to the county 
 court, and in Philadelphia County to the municipal court. 
 
 35. TRIALS OF CHILDREN TO BE HELD SEPARATE AND 
 APART. All cases involving the commitment or trial of children 
 for any crime or misdemeanor, before any magistrate or justice of 
 the peace, or in any court, may be heard and determined by such 
 court at suitable times to be designated therefor by it, separate and 
 apart from the trial of other criminal cases, of which session a 
 separate docket and record shall be kept. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 12, 1893, P. L. 458, No. 328. 
 
 It would seem that this section would not apply to proceedings in the 
 juvenile courts, which are fuUy covered by section 1 of the Act of April 
 23, 1903, P. L. 274, supra section three; but only to cases of children 
 over sixteen, and to such cases as are tried on indictments in the courts 
 of oyer and terminer and quarter sessions, as provided in section 11, 
 of the Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274, infra section 48. See also section 
 immediately preceding as to commitments by magistrates and justices of 
 the peace. 
 
 36. HEARINGS. DISPOSITION OF CHILDREN. SUPPORT 
 BY PARENTS. REFERENCE TO PROBATION OFFICERS OF 
 NON-SUPPORT CASES. RECORDS OF DISCHARGES FROM IN- 
 STITUTIONS TO BE KEPT. At the hearing, the judge or judges 
 holding such sessions of the court shall determine, after an inquiry 
 into the facts, what order for the commitment and custody and care 
 of the child, the child's own good and the best interests of the State 
 may require ; and may commit such child to the care of its parents, 
 subject to the supervision of a probation oflacer, or to some suitable 
 institution, or the care of some reputable citizen of good moral char- 
 acter, or to the care of some training school, or to an industrial school 
 or to the care of some association willing to receive it ; and, in either 
 
 22 
 
case, it shall be within the power of the court to make an order upon 
 the parent or parents of any such child to contribute to the support 
 of the child such sum as the court may determine ; and the court shall 
 have full power and authority to refer non-support cases to the deser- 
 tion probation oiflcers, and to enforce said order of court in the same 
 way as the court of quarter sessions of the peace may refer cases, 
 and enforce the order for support made, under and by virtue of "An 
 act for the relief of wives and children deserted by their husbands 
 and fathers within this Commonwealth," approved the thirteenth day 
 of April, Anno Domini one thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, 
 and the supplements thereto, which have been heretofore or may here- 
 after be passed ; it being further provided, that in all cases in which 
 a delinquent child shall be committed to the care of a reformatory 
 institution, when such child shall be discharged from such institution 
 the court shall be duly advised thereof, and a record of such discharge 
 shall be kept in the juvenile court docket. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 15, 1911, P. L. 959, amending Sec. i, Act of April 23, 
 1903, P. L. 274. 
 
 The cases of non-support referred to in this section likely include only 
 such as are brought to the attention of the court in the exercise of its 
 jurisdiction over dependent and neglected children as defined in section 
 1 of the Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274, supra section 2. 
 
 For provisions as to liability for cost of commitment, maintenance and 
 instruction generally, see infra Chapter V. 
 
 37. HEAEINGS MAY BE CONTIISfUED. COMMITMENT OF 
 CHILDREN. COST OP MAINTENANCE BY WHOM PAYABLE. 
 
 In the case of a delinquent, dependent, neglected, or incorrigible child 
 the court may continue the hearing from time to time, and may com- 
 mit the child to the care and guardianship of a probation ofScer, duly 
 appointed by the court, and may allow said child to remain in its 
 own home, subject to the visitation of the probation ofScer, — such 
 child to report to the probation offlcer as often as may be required, 
 and subject to be returned to the court for further proceedings when- 
 ever such action may appear to be necessary,— or the court may 
 commit the child to the care and guardianship of the probation officer, 
 to be placed in a suitable family home, subject to the supervision of 
 such probation offlcer, — or it may authorize the said probation officer 
 to board out the said child in some suitable family home, in case 
 provision is made by voluntary contribution or otherwise for the 
 payment of the board of such child, or may direct that the payment 
 of the board of such child be made by the proper county, until a 
 suitable provision may be made for the child in a home without such 
 payment ; or the court may commit the child to a suitable'institution 
 for the care of delinquent children, or to any society, duly incor- 
 porated, having for one of its objects the protection of dependent, 
 
 23 
 
neglected or delinquent children. In any case of the commitment of 
 a dependent, neglected, incorrigible, or delinquent child, under the 
 provisions of this section, the court committing such child may order/ 
 and diiect that the board and clothing of, and necessary medical an<j[ 
 surgical attendance upon and the care of, such child, and its main- 
 tenance generally, shall be paid by the proper county, and may fix 
 the amount which shall be paid for such board and clothing. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 13, 1915, P. L. 304, amending Sec. 6, Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274, as amended by the Acts of June 1, 1911, P. L. 543, and July 25, 1913, 
 P. Tj. 1039. 
 
 For provisions as to liability for cost of commitment, maintenance and 
 instruction generally, see infra Chapter V. 
 
 38. IN COMMITMENTS RELIGIOUS BELIEFS OF TAKENTS 
 TO BE KESPECTED. CAKE AND CUSTODY TO BE OF PA- 
 RENTAL NATURE. APPROVED FAMILIES TO BE SELECTED. 
 ADOPTION. The court, in making all orders for the commitment 
 of children, shall place them, as far as possible, in care and custody 
 of persons having the .same religious belief as the parents of the child, 
 or with some association which is controlled by persons of such re- 
 ligious belief; and shall, as far as possible, provide, in making orders 
 of commitment, that the care, custody and discipline of the child shall 
 be as nearly as possible that which should be given by its parents. 
 In all cases where it can properly be done, the child shall be placed 
 in an approved family home, and become a member of the family by 
 legal adoption or otherwise. 
 
 Sec. 9, Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274. 
 
 39. CHILDREN UNDER TWELVE YEARS OF AGE NOT TO 
 BE COMMITTED TO CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS. WHERE 
 DELINQUENT AND DEPENDENT OR NEGLECTED CHILDREN 
 TO BE COMMITTED. It shall not be lawful to commit the custody 
 of any delinquent child, under the age of twelve years, to any insti- 
 tution of correction or refonnation, unless, after the care and over- 
 sight given such child under the probation system provided for by 
 this act, the court finds that the best interests of the child and the 
 
 ^welfare of the community require such commitment; and it shall 
 not be lawful to commit the custody of any neglected or dependent 
 child, (who is delinquent,) to any institution of correction or reforma- 
 tion in which delinquent children are received, nor shall any delin- 
 quent child be committed to any institution in which dependent or 
 Tipsrlected children are received. 
 
 See. 10, Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274. 
 
 The words in -brackets, "who is delinquent," it seems should be admitted 
 from this section. 
 
 24 
 
40. COMMITMENT AiiD KECEPTIOK OP JUVENILES CON- 
 VICTED IN DISTKICT AND CIRCUIT COURTS OF THE 
 UNITED STATES. All jailors, prison keepers, wardens, managers, 
 and their and each and every of their deputies, having control or 
 charge of any reformatory, house of refuge, or other institution for 
 juvenile delinquents or juvenile convicts, now in existence or here- 
 after to be created within this Commonwealth, be and the same are 
 hereby empowered and directed to receive into such reformatory, 
 house of correction, or other institution for juvenile delinquents or 
 juvenile convicts, all persons convincted and sentenced by any circuit 
 or district court of the United States in and for the Eastern and 
 Western districts of Pennsylvania of any criminal offense, when by 
 virtue of the laws of this Commonwealth they are now empowered or 
 directed, or may hereafter be empowered or directed, to receive juve- 
 nile delinquents or convicts convicted and sentenced in courts of oyer 
 and terminer or quarter sessions of the peace in and for this Common- 
 wealth, or committed to any such reform institution by a magistrate, 
 alderman or justice of the peace, or other judicial officer of this Com- 
 monwealth having power t6 so commit: Provided, That no such 
 convict shall be so admitted unless residing within this Common- 
 wealth. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of March 22, 1899, P. L. 15, No. 12. 
 
 For the support and maintenance of such committed persons see infra 
 section 64. ' 
 
 41. ORPHANS' COURT MAY APPOINT GUARDIAN WHEN 
 PERSON HAVING CUSTODY OR CONTROL OF MINOR IS CON- 
 VICTED OF CERTAIN OFFENCES. RELIGIOUS BELIEF OF 
 PARENT TO BE CONSIDERED. REMAND OF CUSTODY TO 
 PARENT. Whenver any person having the custody oi- control of any 
 minor, shall be convicted of a violation of any of the provisions of 
 this act, it shall be lawful for any person to apply to the orphans' 
 court of the county wherein the offense has beeen committed, for the 
 appointment of a proper guardian for the person of such minor; and 
 the said court may, in its discretion, make such appointment, having 
 due regard in the selection of a guardian to the religious persuasion 
 of the parent or former guardian, or it may place such child in an 
 asylum or home for children, with the powers of a guardian of the 
 person as may be most expedient: Provided, however, That the chil- 
 dren of Roman Catholic parents shall be placed in asylums under 
 the control and care -of that denomination; and the said court may 
 order the parent to pay such a reasonable sum towards the mainten- 
 ance of such child, and at such times and in such ampunts, as the 
 said court may see fit; and such courts may at any subsequent time, 
 upon being satisfied that the parent has become a fit person to resume 
 the custody of said minor, and upon reasonable security to be fixed 
 by the court being given for the faithful observance of the provisions 
 
 25 
 
of this act, remand sucli minor to tlie custody of such parent, subject 
 hevertheless to the obligation of any indentures or legal engagements 
 already entered into on behalf of said minor by his or her guardian. 
 
 Sec. 7, Act of June 11, 1879, P. L. 142. 
 
 The provisions of this act above referred to are contained in sections 
 1 to 5 of this act, and proliibit the cruel ill-treatment of any minor, 
 or the employment of children below certain ages in certain theatrical 
 or immoral exhibitions, or where such exhibitions are shown, or in employ- 
 ments dangerous to the health, life or limb of such child, or for purposes 
 of prostitution, or for begging, playing instruments, etc., in the streets 
 or highways, or the employment in dance haUs or places where liquor 
 is kept, sold or given away, or in mines or any underground work. 
 
 42. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE, MAGISTEATE OE COURT 
 MAY COMMIT MINOR TO HUMANE SOCIETY IN CEETAIS 
 CASES. SOCIETY TO HAVE EIGHTS OF GUAEDIAN. MAY 
 APPLY TO OEPHANS' COURT FOE APPOINTMENT OF GUAE- 
 DIAN. Whenever any person having the care, custody or control of 
 any minor child, shall be convicted of an assault, or an assault and 
 battery, upon such child, or of any violation of the provisions of this 
 act, it shall be lawful for the justice of the peace, magistrate or court 
 before whom such coVivictibn has taken place, or where the parents 
 or proper guardian of any child cannot be found, it shall be lawful 
 for any magistrate or court, to commit such child to the care and 
 custody of any duly authorized or incorporated humane society, having 
 for one of its objects the protection of children from cruelty; and 
 such society shall thereupon have all the rights of a guardian of the 
 person of such child, but such society may at any time apply to 
 the orphan's court of the proper county for the appointment of a 
 guardian of the person, or the commitment of such child to an asylum 
 or home for children, as provided in the seventh section of this 
 act. 
 
 Sec. 9, Act of June 11, 1879, P. L. 142. 
 
 The provisions of this a,ct -above referred to are contained in sections 1 
 to 5 of this act, and prohibit the cruel 01-treatment of any minor, or 
 the employment of children below certain ages in certain theatrical or 
 immoral exhibitions, or where such exhibitions are' shown, or in employ- 
 ments dangerous to the health, life or limb of such child, or for purposes 
 of prostitution, or for begging, playing instruments, etc., in the streets 
 or highways, or the employment in dance halls or places where liquor 
 is kept, sold or given away, or in mines or any underground work. 
 
 As to commitments by justices of the peace and magistrates; of chUdren 
 under sixteen years, however, see section 1, Act of March 26, 1903 P 
 Ij. 66, supra section 34. 
 
 43. COMMITMENT TO GUARDIANS OF THE POOR IN CER- 
 TAIN CASES. Whenever the parents or proper guardian of any 
 infant unable to support itself, have been convicted of any of the 
 
 26 
 
offences enumerated in this act, ov are dead or cannot be found, and 
 there is no other person legally responsible for the maintenance and 
 support of such child, willing to assume such support, or to be found 
 within the county, any magistrate or court of record of the county 
 in which such child may be found, may commit such child to the care 
 and custody of the guardians of the poor of the said county, but 
 nothing herein contained shall exempt any person from the duty of 
 maintaining and supporting such child as now imposed by law. 
 Sec. 12, Act of June 11, 1879, P. L. 142. 
 
 See note to section immediately preceding. 
 
 See section 1, Act of June 13, 1883, P. L. Ill, infra section 171 pro- 
 hibiting poor authorities from retaining children in poor houses when 
 between the ages of two and sixteen years. 
 
 44. CHILDREN UNDER RESTRAINT OR CONVICTION NOT 
 TO BE PLACED IN CONTACT WITH ADULT CRIMINALS. No 
 child under restraint or conviction, under sixteen years of age, shall 
 be placed in any apartment or cell of any prison or place of confine- 
 ment, or in any court room during the trial of adults, or in any 
 vehicle of transportation in company with adults charged with or 
 convicted of crime. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 12, 1893, P. L. 459, No. 328. 
 
 For provisions as to children awaiting a hearing in the juvenile courts, 
 see section 7 of the Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274, supra section 14. 
 See also supra sections 15 to 33, as to places for detention of children 
 awaiting trial generally. 
 
 45. ORDERS OF COURT RESPECTING COMMITMENT, ETC., 
 OF CHILDREN SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT, CHANGE OR EX- 
 TENSION. All orders which may hereafter be made by the several 
 courts of quarter sessions of the peace of this Commonwealth, re- 
 specting the commitment to Institutions, or other judicial disposal, 
 of minors, under the age of sixteen years, by virtue of the several 
 provisions of this act or any of them, shall be subject to amendment, 
 change or extension by the judges thereof sitting in juvenile court, 
 upon motion of the district attorney or chief probation officer, or upon 
 .petition of any other person or persons in interest, after at least 
 five (5) days' written notice both to the district attorney and the 
 chief probation officer, up to the time when such minors shall have 
 attained the age of twenty-one years; and in the case of any minor 
 to whom the jurisdiction of the juvenile court has attached or shall 
 attach under any of the provisions of this act, and who has been or 
 shall be released on probation before he or she has attained the age 
 of sixteen years, such probation shall, at the discretion of the judge 
 of the juvenile court, be taken to continue in full force and effect until 
 such minor attains the age of twenty-one years. 
 
 27 
 
Sec. 1, Act of AprU 22, 1809, P. L. 119, amending Sec. 8, Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274. 
 
 See sections 1 and 2 of the Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 652, infra sections 
 46 and 47, relating to the review of juvenile cases and the revocation 
 and modification of final orders. 
 
 46. EEVIEW OF JUVENILE CASES. APPEALS TO SUPER- 
 IOR COURT. Within twenty-one (21) days after the final order or 
 decree of any of the courts of this Commonwealth, sitting as a juvenile 
 court, or any judge sitting as such, committing or placing any de- 
 pendent, neglected, incorrigible, delinquent, or other kind of child 
 or children to any institution, reputable citizen, or to the care of 
 some, training school or an industrial school, or to the care of some 
 institution willing to receive it or them, or to any other person or 
 persons, except to their respective parent or parents, such child or 
 children shall as a matter of right, by its or their parent or parents 
 or next friend, have the right to present to such courts sitting as 
 juvenile courts, or judge sitting as such, a petition to have its or 
 their case or cases reviewed and reheard, if in the estimation of such 
 parent, parents, or next friend ah error of fact or of law, or of both, 
 has been made in such proceedings or final orders, or if the said order 
 has been improvidently or inadvertently made; and, upon the pre- 
 sentation of such petition, the said courts sitting as juVenile courts, 
 or judge sitting as such, shall grant such review and rehearing as 
 a matter of right ; and it shall be required that the testimony be taken 
 down at such reviews and rehearings and transcribed by an oflScial 
 court stenographer, at the cost of the party requesting such review 
 and rehearing, which testimony shall be duly made a part of the 
 record in such cases. From the final order or decree of such courts 
 of this Commonwealth sitting as juvenile courts, or judge sitting as 
 such court, in proceedings for such rehearings and reviews, appeals 
 shall lie as a matter of right to the Superior Court of this Common- 
 wealth, upon the same terms and with the same regulations as are 
 provided by existing laws in regard to appeals from any definitive 
 sentence or decree of the orphans' court, and in hearing such appeals 
 the Superior Court shall consider the testimony as a part of the 
 record. 
 
 See. 1, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 652. 
 
 47. REVOCATION AND MODIFICATION OF FINAL ORDERS 
 AFTER COMMITMENT. APPEALS TO THE SUPERIOR COURT. 
 
 If, at any time after the final order or decree of any of the courts of 
 this Commonwealth sitting ns juvenile courts, or any juda-e sittiuff as 
 such, placing or committing any dependent, neglected, incorrigible, 
 delinquent, or other child or children to any institution, citizen' 
 training school, industrial school, or to the care of some institution 
 willing to receive it or them, or to any other person or persons, such 
 
 28 
 
a change of circumstances should take place, that, in the estimation 
 of the parent or parents or next friend of such child or children, 
 should warrant the revocation or modification of such final orders 
 or decrees, such dependent, neglected, incorrigible, delinquent, - or 
 other child or children, hereinabove described, shall, by its or their 
 parent or parents or next friend, have the right to file a petition in 
 such courts sitting as juvenile courts, or with aforesaid judges sit- 
 ting as such, asking for a revocation or modification of such final 
 orders or decrees; and it shall be the duty of such courts sitting as 
 juvenile courts, or judges sitting as such, to give a full and proper 
 hearing on such petitions; and it shall be required that the testimony 
 at such hearings be taken and transcribed by an official court sten- 
 ographer, at the cost of the party requesting such hearing, and such 
 testimony shall be duly made a part of the record in the case. From 
 the final order or decree of such courts of this Commonwealth, sit- 
 ting as juvenile courts, or judge sitting as such court, in proceedings 
 for such hearings, mentioned in this paragraph, appeals shall lie as a 
 matter of right to the Superior Court of this Commonwealth, upon the 
 same terms and with the same regulations as are provided by existing 
 laws in regard to appeals from any definitive sentence or decree of the 
 orphans' court, and in hearing such appeals the Superor Court shall 
 consider the testimony as part of the record. 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 652. 
 
 See section 1 of the Act of April 22, 1909, P. L. 119, supra section 
 
 43 relating to the power of the court to malte amendments, changes and 
 
 extensions of orders. 
 
 48. TRIAL OF CHILDREN IN QUARTER SESSIONS COURTS. 
 Nothing herein contained shall be in derogation of the powers of the 
 courts of quarter sessions and oyer and terminer to try, upon an indict- 
 ment, any delinquent child who, in due course, may be brought to 
 trial. 
 
 Sec. 11. Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274. 
 
 "Nothing here contained" refers to the sections of the Act of April 
 23, 1903, P. L. 274. For these sections see sections 1, 2, 3, 9, 36, 198, 
 37, 14, 45, 38, 39. 
 
 49. COSTS IN JUVENILE CASES. BY WHOM PAYABLE. 
 The judges of the juvenile courts of the several counties of this Com- 
 monwealth shall have power upqn the disposition of any case heard or 
 tried therein, to make an order disposing of the question of the 
 payment of the costs, including fees of magistrates, constables, clerks 
 of the courts, sheriifs and witnesses; and may impose them on the 
 county, or on the complainant, if, after hearing, it be found that the 
 complaint was made without proper cause, or upon the parent or 
 parents, gr guardian, or custodian of the child, if, after hearing, it 
 be found that they were at fault, and are of ability to pay; but all 
 
 ''9 
 
such costs shall, after hearing and order in the case, be immediately- 
 chargeable to and paid by the proper county: Provided, That the 
 county shall be liable only, for the costs of such witnesses as the 
 probation officer, general or special, shall certify were subpoenaed by 
 his order, and were in attendance and necessary to the trial of the 
 case, or such witnesses as the court shall certify were in attendance 
 and necessary. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 9, 1911, P. L. 836. 
 
 For costs of commitment, maintenance and instruction, see infra Chap- 
 ter V. 
 
 50. SHEEIFFS' FEES IN CONNECTION WITH JUVENILE 
 COURTS. CERTIFICATION OF PROBATION OFFICER. AP- 
 PROVAL BY COURT. PAYMENT. When, in the enforcement of tiie 
 act above cited, to be supplemented, and in pursuance of its provisions, 
 it shall become necessary for a process to issue, or when an order of 
 court is made, the chief probation officer, if there be such, otherwise 
 the probation officer in charge, may, in his or her discretion, call upon 
 the sheriff: of the county for assistance in service and execution of 
 the same; and for the service so rendered by the sheriff, upon appli- 
 cation of such probation officer, he shall be entitled to receive the 
 following fees : 
 
 For receiving, making endorsements thereon, docketing, and making 
 return of each such process, order, or notice, seventy-flve cents. For 
 executing any such process, order, or notice, where the child is to be 
 taken into custody, seventy-five cents. 
 
 In addition thereto, for mileage in serving or executing any of the 
 above processes, orders, or notices, the sheriff shall be entitled to re- 
 ceive and have taxed as costs, three cents a mile for each mile actually 
 traveled and necessary, the same to be allowed on each separate pro- 
 cess, order, or notice; provided, he shall not receive more than one 
 mileage where the defendants, in two or more contemporaneous orders, 
 process, or notice, are the same ; and for the transportation of each 
 child, three cents per mile, in addition to necessary help and expense. 
 
 Such probation officer shall certify to the judge presiding in the 
 juvenile court the demand upon the sheriff for his services, together 
 with a statement of the fees and expenses, and the court shall approve 
 the same, or so much thereof- as may be found correct, and direct by 
 whom they shall be paid. 
 
 Sec. 1 Act of ,Tune 7, 1907, P, L. 438 suuplementing Act of April 23, 
 1903, P. Xj. 274. 
 
 This section was repealed so far as it relates to counties having a 
 population of not less than 300,000 nnd not more than 1,500,000 by the 
 Act of April 9, 1915, P. L. ,54 which act provides the following fees: 
 viz: 
 
 30 
 
"For each case acted upon by any juvenile court, one dollar and 
 fifty cents." 
 
 Reformatory or to any charitable institution or to any institution where 
 "For removing * * * any person to the * * * Huntingdon 
 persons are confined or detained, under any commitment, sentence, or 
 order of court, two dollars and fifty cents on each commitment or 
 order, in addition to mileage and necessary expenses. Provided, 
 however. That the mileage for the person in charge under commitment 
 or order shall be based upon the miles actually traveled by him." 
 
 "For attending court, bringing into and removing therefrom prison- 
 ers for arraignment, trial, and sentence, the sum of four dollars per 
 day for the sheriff or each deputy, for each and every day of * * * 
 * * * juvenile court, * * * where the sheriff or deputy is actually 
 present ; to be paid by the county . " 
 
 51. CONSTABLES' FEES IN CONNECTION WITH JUVENILE 
 COURTS. CERTIFICATION BY PROBATION OFFICERS. AP- 
 PROVAL BY COURT. PAYMENT. WHen, in pursuance of the 
 provisions of said act, a child under the age of sixteen years is ar- 
 rested, with or without warrant, or is brought before a magistrate 
 in any other proceeding and the case shall be transferred to the 
 juvenile court the constable to whom shall be given the custody 
 of such child for delivery to the ofScers of the juvenile court, shall 
 be entitled to receive therefor the following fees, to be taxed as costs 
 in the case; to wit, 
 
 For services performed in delivering such child to the juvenile 
 court, seventy-five cents, together with three cents per mile for each 
 mile actually traveled and necessary, and three cents per mile for 
 the transportation of each siTch child, in addition to necessary help 
 and expense. 
 
 Such probation officer shall certify the account of the constable 
 performing such service to the judge presiding in the juvenile court, 
 who shall approve the same, or so much thereof as may be found 
 correct, and direct by whom it shall be paid. 
 
 See. 2, Act of June 7, 1907, P Tj. 438 supplementing Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274. 
 
 52. SHERIFFS' AND CONSTABLES' FEES BY WHOM PAY- 
 ABLE. The court in disposing of the question of the payment of the 
 costs provided for in this act, may impose them on the county ; or on 
 the complainant, if, after hearing, it be found that the complaint 
 was made without probable cause; or upon the parent or parents, or 
 guardian or custodian, of the child, if, after hearing, it be found that 
 they were at fault and are of ability to pay. 
 
 Sec. 4, Act of June 7, 1907, P. L. 438, supplementing Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274. 
 
 The costs herein referred to are those imposed under the two sections 
 immediately preceding and section three of this same act, infra section 
 55. 
 
 31 
 
53. COSTS OP HEARING IN CERTAIN CASES BEFORE MAG- 
 ISTRATE OR JUSTICE WHEN MINOR NOT COMMITTED. When- 
 ever, in the enforcement of the act to which this is a supplement, any 
 magistrate or justice of the peace, after heai ing, shall be of the opinion 
 that the minor should not be committed to said society, and shall dis- 
 charge such minor, the costs of the proceedings before such magistrate 
 or justi-ce shall be paid by the proper county. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 11, 1911, P. L. 270, supplementing the Act of June 8, 1898, 
 P. L. 399, infra sections 167 to 170. 
 
 The Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 390, provides for the commitment of 
 delinquents to incorporated societies having for their objects the protec- 
 tion of children from cruelty or the placing of children not otherwise 
 provided for in families. 
 
 54. COSTS OF HEARING IN CERTAIN CASES BEFOKE 
 COURTS OF QUARTER SESSIONS. Whenever any judge of any 
 court of quarter sessions shall make an order for the detention of any 
 minor, as provided for in said act, or shall order the discharge of said 
 minor, such juds'e may direct whether nil the costs of such proceedings 
 be paid by the proper county or by the complainn'nt, nr by both in 
 such proportion as to such judge shall seem equitable. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 11, 1911, P. L, 270, .supplementing the Act of June 8, 1893, 
 P. Tj. 399, infra sections 167 to 170. 
 
 See notes to section immediately preceding. 
 
 LIABILITY FOR COST OP COMMITMENT, MAINTENANCE 
 AND INSTRUCTION OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS AND IN- 
 DIGENT, NEGLECTED AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN. 
 
 Courts committing juvenile offenders may make an order upon the 
 parent or parents of such child to contribute to its support; see Sec. 1, 
 Act of .Tune 15, 1911, P. L. 950, amending Sec. 4, Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274, supra section 36. 
 
 Where the court commits a juvenile offender to a family home or to 
 an institution for the care of delinquent children or to an incorporated 
 society, it may order and direct that the board and clothing and neces- 
 sary medical and surgical attendance and the maintenance generally shall 
 be paid by the county; see See. 1, Act of May 13, 1915, P. L. 304, 
 amending Sec. 6, Act of April 23, 1903, 'p. L,. 274, as amended by the 
 Act of June 1, 1911. P. L. 543 and July 25, 1913, P. L. 1039, supra 
 section 37. 
 
 As to liability for costs of proceedings prior to commitment, see supra 
 sections 17, 26 and 30. 
 
 32 
 
FOE LIABILITY FOE COST OF MAINTENANCE AND IN- 
 STEUCTION OF CHILDEEN IN PAETICULAR INSTITUTIONS 
 SEE THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS: 
 
 Section 
 
 Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory at Huntingdon, 86 
 
 Pennsylvania Training School at Morganza, 90-92,96 
 
 State Industrial Home for Women at Muncy Station, 113,114 
 
 Glen Mills Schools, 119 
 
 County Schools, 134,144 
 
 55. EXPENSES OF EEMOVAL BEYOND COUNTY LIMITS OF 
 CHILDEEN COMMITTED BY JUVENILE COUETS. When the 
 court, after trial or hearing, makes such disposition of a child as 
 requires its transportation to a point outside of the county, the 
 necessary expenses of its removal and those of the probation oflflcer 
 in charge, shall be certified, as above provided, to the judge presiding, 
 who shall approve the same, or so much thereof as may be found 
 correct, and direct by whom it shall be paid. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of June 7, 1907, P. L. 438, supplementing Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274. 
 
 The manner of certifying these expenses is provided in sections one 
 and two of this act. See supra sections 50 and 51. 
 
 The "court" herein referred to is the juvenile court. This section it 
 seems would apply to the removal of children under the age of sixteen 
 years only. 
 
 56. WHO LIABLE FOE COST OF EEMOVAL OF CHILDEEN. 
 
 The court, in disposing of the question of the payment of the costs 
 provided for in this act, may impose them on the county; or on the 
 complainant, if, after hearing, it be found that the complaint was 
 made without probable cause; or upon the parent or parents, or 
 guardian or custodian of the child, if after hearing, it be found that 
 they were at fault and are of ability to pay. 
 
 See. 4, Act of June 7, 1907, P. L. 438, supplementing Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274. 
 
 The costs herein referred to are those imposed under the section im.- 
 mediately preceding and for sheriffs' and constables' fees imposed under 
 sections one and two of this act. See supra sections 50 and 51. 
 
 57. LIABILITY OF COUNTIES FOR COST OF COMMITMENT 
 AND MAINTENANCE OF NEGLECTED AND DEPENDENT 
 CHILDREN. EECOUESE AGAINST PARTIES LIABLE AND 
 POOR DISTEICTS. Where any neglected or dependent child is or 
 shall be committed to the care and custody of any association, society, 
 
 33 
 3 
 
person or family, by any court, and an order for the payment of the 
 maintenance of the child and the expense of such commitment is 
 made upon the proper county, in pursuance of the laws of this Com- 
 monwealth, the county from which such child has been committed 
 to the 'said association, society, person, or family, shall be liable to 
 the said association, society, person, or family for the maintenance 
 of the said child and all expenses connected therewith: Provided, 
 That the county shall in all cases have full recourse to recover all 
 expenses incurred in behalf of said child so committed from the 
 parties or persons or poor district properly charged therewith under 
 the laws of this Commonwealth. 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 8, 1913, P. L. 177. 
 
 Quaere: Vv^hether this section applies to children under the age of 
 sixteen only or to all minors? 
 
 58. LIABILITY OF COUNTIES FOR COST OF COMMITMENT 
 AND MAINTENANCE OF INDIGENT AND DEPENDENT CHIL- 
 DEEN. KECOURSE AGAINST PARENTS AND RELATIVES. 
 Whenever hereafter any indigent or dependent child shaU be com- 
 mitted by any judge or other competent authority to the care and 
 custody of any person or family, for the pur-pose of maintenance and 
 education in the home of such person or family, such child shaU be 
 conveyed to such home by the county commissioners, sheriff, or other 
 proper oflicer, at the expense of the proper county, and the cost of 
 maintennnce of such child shall also be paid by the proper county, 
 but at a sum not exceeding what it would cost to maintain and 
 educate such child in the house of refuge, or other public institution 
 of such county: Provided, however. That if at any time the parents 
 or other relatives of such child shall become able to pay such costs, 
 or to refund the money already paid, the said county may apply for 
 and obtain an order for the payment thereof, and enforce the same, 
 in the same court, and in the same manner as is or may be provided 
 by law for compelling the maintenance and support of deserted wives 
 and children. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 31, 1907, P. L. 331. 
 
 Quaere: Whether this section applies to chOdren under the age of 
 sixteen years only or to aU minors? 
 
 59. LIABILITY OF COUNTIES FOR COST OF MAINTEN- 
 ANCE AND INSTRUCTION OF CHILDREN COMMITTED TO IN- 
 DUSTRIAL SCHOOLS; RENDERING OF ACCOUNTS; PAY- 
 MENT. Whenever a child shall have been committed by a court or 
 judge thereof to any industrial school, or other institution of like 
 character, or shall become an inmate thereof, whose parents or guar- 
 dian are not of sufficient ability to pay the expense of maintaining- 
 and instructing such child, such maintenance and instruction shall be 
 
 34 
 
paid by the county from which such child shall have been committed ; 
 Provided, however, That the actual cost of maintaining and instruct- 
 ing such child shall be paid only, and in no event shall such per capita 
 maintenance and instruction exceed the amount of per capita cost of 
 maintenance and instruction of inmates of the House of Refuge. 
 
 And provided also. That the treasurer of such industrial school, 
 or other institution of like character, shall transmit an account 
 quarterly, to the commissioners- of such county as may have become 
 indebted for the maintenance and instruction of inmates in such 
 industrial school, or other like institution, which account shall be 
 signed, by said treasurer and sworn or affirmed to by him, and 
 attested by the superintendent of the department of such industrial 
 school, or other institution of like character, in which such inmates 
 may be living. It shall be the duty of said commissioners immediately 
 upon receipt of said accounts to order the treasurer of their respective 
 counties to pay the same. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of AprO 15, 1S03, P. L. 208. 
 
 This section seems to apply to all children below the age of twenty- 
 one years. 
 
 60. LIABILITY OF COUNTi:^ AND 8TATE FOE COST OF 
 MAINTENANCE AND INSTRUCTION OP JUVENILE OFFEN- 
 DERS COMMITTED TO HOUSES OF REFUGE NOT EXCLU 
 SIVELY UNDER STATE CONTRACT. Whenver a child shall be or 
 heretofore shall have been committed to any House of Refuge which is 
 not exclusively under State control, and shall become or shall have 
 become an inmate thereof, one-half of the expense of maintaining and 
 instructing such child hereafter shall be borne by the county from 
 which such child shall have been received, and the remaining one-half 
 shall be paid out of the appropriations made to such House of Refuge, 
 from time to time, by the State. The method of collecting the amount 
 due by the several counties from which children have been sent, shall 
 be by orders drawn by the treasurer of any such House of Refuge on 
 the treasurers of said counties, who shall accept and pay the same;Pro- 
 vided. That the said orders shall be presented quarterly, on the first 
 days of May, August, November, and February, in each and every 
 year, or as soon thereafter as may be convenient. And provided also, 
 that the treasurer of such House of Refuge, on or before the first 
 Monday of the preceding month, shall transmit, by the public mail, 
 to the commissioners of such of the counties as may have become in- 
 debted for the maintenance and instruction of inmates in such House 
 of Refuge, an account of the expense of maintaining and instructing 
 them, which account shall be signed by the treasurer, and sworn or 
 affirmed to by him, and attested by the superintendent of the depart- 
 ment of such House of Refuge in which each of such inmates may be 
 
 35 
 
living. It sliall be the duty of the said commissioners, immediately 
 upon the resceipt of said accounts, to give notice to the treasurers 
 of their respective counties of the amount of said accounts, with 
 instructions to collect and retain money for the payment of said 
 orders when presented. For the purpose of fixing the amount to be 
 charged for the maintenance and instruction of each inmate, the per 
 capita cost of maintaining and conducting such House of Refuge for 
 the year terminating on the preceding thirty-first day of December 
 shall be taken as the rate to be charged, and one-half of such per 
 capita cost, so calculated, shall be charged to the respective counties 
 for each child from such counties. 
 See. 1, Act of March 27, 1903, P. L. 83. 
 See note to section next succeeding. 
 
 This section seems to include all children under the age of twenty-one 
 years . 
 
 61. LIABILITY OF COUNTIES AND STATE FOR COST OF 
 MAINTENANCE AND INSTRUCTION OF JUVENILE OFFEN- 
 DERS, COMMITTED TO HOUSES OF REFUGE NOT EXCLU- 
 SIVELY UNDER STATE CONTROL. Whenever a child shaU be 
 committed to any House of Refuge which is not exclusively uiader 
 State control, and shall become an inmate thereof, one-half of the 
 expense of maintaining and instructing such child shall be borne by 
 the county from which such child shall have been received, and the 
 remaining one-half shall be paid out of the appropriations made to 
 such House of Refuge, from time to time, by the State. The method 
 of collecting the amount due by the several counties, from which 
 children have been sent, shall be by orders drawn by the treasurer 
 of any such House of Refuge on the treasurers of said counties, who 
 shall accept and pay the same : Provided, That the said orders shall 
 be presented quarterly, on the first days of May, August, November 
 and February in each and every year, or as soon thereafter as may 
 be convenient: And provided also, That the treasurer of such House 
 of Refuge, on or before the first Monday of the preceding month, shall 
 transmit by the public mail, to the commissioners of such of the coun- 
 ties as may have become indebted for the maintenance and instruction 
 of inmates in such House of Refuge, an account of the expense of 
 maintaining and instructing them, which account shall be signed by 
 the treasurer and sworn or affirmed to by him, and attested by the 
 superintendent of the department of such House of Refuge in which 
 each of such inmates may be living. It shall be the duty of the said 
 commissioners immediately upon the receipt of said accounts, to give 
 notices to the treasurers of their respective counties of the amount 
 of said accounts, with instructions to collect and retain money for 
 the payment of said orders when presented. For the purpose of fixing 
 
 36 
 
the amount to be charged for the maintenance and instruction of each 
 inmate, the per capita cost of maintaining and conducting such House 
 of Refuge for the year terminating on the preceding thirty-first day 
 of December shall be taken as the rate to be charged, and one-half of 
 such per capita cost, so calculated, shall be charged to the respective 
 counties for each child from such counties. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 11, 1901, P. L. 158. 
 
 This act seems to be entirely supplied by the Act of March 27, 1903, 
 P. L. 83, immedately preceding, which was evidently passed because 
 this act had been declared unconstitutional by the Court of Common 
 Pleas of Luzerne County in 1902, which ruling was subsequently reversed 
 by the Supreme Count in' House of Refuge v. Luzerne County, 215 
 Pa., ^39. 
 
 62. LIABILITY OF COUNTIES FOR COST OF MAINTEN- 
 ANCE OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS COMMITTED TO HOMES 
 OR INSTITUTIONS WITHOUT THE COMMONWEALTH. Where 
 the courts of quarter sessions of the peace of any county within 
 this Commonwealth heretofore have or hereafter may sentence and 
 commit children or minors, under the various juvenile court acts of 
 this Commonwealth, to homes or institutions without this Common- 
 wealth, in every such case such county, from which such child or 
 minor has been or shall be so sentenced, shall be liable for a reasonable 
 charge for such maintenance, when tlie amount is ascertained and 
 approved as hereinafter provided for. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 7, 1911,- P. L. 676. 
 
 This section seems to include children under sixteen years only. 
 
 63. RENDERING OF ITEMIZED STATEMENTS ; CONTENTS ; 
 AUDIT AND PAYMENT. Such institutions shall prepare a written 
 itemized statement of its claim, in such form and detail as the con- 
 troller of the county shall prescribe, which statement shall be signied 
 and sworn to by its president, attested by its secretary, and shall be 
 under its corporate seal, if incorporated; or, if not incoi'porated, the 
 written statement shall show the fact, and shall be signed and sworn 
 to by its superintendent, and attested by its chief clerk ; and, when 
 so prepared and presented to the proper officers of the respective 
 county, it shall be audited, and the sum or sums found to be reason- 
 ably and equitably due by such officers shall be paid. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 7, 1911, P. L. 676. 
 
 64. COST OF SUPPORT AND MAINTENANCE OF DELIN- 
 QUENTS COMMITTED BY UNITED STATES COURTS TO BE 
 I'M I) BY THE UNITED STATES. The cost for the support and 
 
 87 
 
maintenance of each convict, admitted into any such reform insti- 
 tution under the provision of this act, shall be paid for by the United 
 States in the same manner as the United States now pays or may 
 hereafter pay for the support and maintenance of persons convicted 
 in the circuit and district courts of the United States in and for the 
 Eastern and Western districts of , Pennsylvania, and sentenced and 
 committed to county jails or State penitentiaries in the Common- 
 wealth of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of March 22, 1899, P. L. 15, No. 12. 
 
 This section refers to persons resident of the Commonwealth sentenced 
 to any reformatory, house of refuge, or other institution for juvenile 
 delinquents or juvenile convicts by any circuit or district court of the 
 United States. See Sec. 1, Act of March 22, 1899, P. L. 15, supra 
 section 40. , 
 
 VI 
 
 HOMES, SCHOOLS, SOCIETIES, IJs^STITUTIONS, HOUSES OF 
 COKRECTION AND EEPOEMATION, AND REFORMA- 
 TORIES FOR THE CARE, CUSTODY, CONTROL 
 AND EDUCATION OF DELINQUENT, 
 DEPENDENT AND NEGLECT- 
 ED CHILDREN. 
 
 This chapter is devoted to the several important ' provisions of law 
 relating to particular institutions to which delinquent, dependent, 
 neglected and incorrigible children may be committed, or in which they 
 may be cared for. While these institutions are not entirely devoted to 
 the reception of children committed by juvenile courts, the laws relating 
 to them are included as dealing with the subject of children generally. 
 The chapter is arranged as follows: 
 
 (A) State Institutions: 
 
 (1) Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory at Huntingdon. 
 
 (2) Pennsylvania Training School at Morganza. 
 
 (3) State Industrial Home for Women at jNIuncy Station. 
 
 (E) Semi-State Institutions: 
 (1) Glen Mills School. 
 
 (C) County Schools and County Industrial Homes. 
 
 (1) County schools for the care, maintenance and instruction of 
 
 male children committed by juvenile courts. 
 
 (2) County schools for the care, maintenance and instruction 
 
 of female children committed by juvenile courts. 
 
 (3) County industrial homes for the care and training of chil- 
 
 dren. 
 
 38 
 
(D) Municipal Institutions: 
 
 (1) House of Correction, Employment and Reformation of 
 Philadelphia . 
 
 (E) Miscellaneous Institutions: 
 
 (1) Homes for Friendless Children. 
 
 (2) Philadelphia' Protectory . 
 
 (3) Incorporated Societies. 
 
 It seems that juvenile courts have jurisdiction to commit children 
 only under the age of sixteen years. These commitments should be 
 made generally to the Pennsylvania Training School at Morganza, Glen 
 Mills Schools, Homes for Friendless Children, the Philadelphia Protec- 
 tory, and certain incorporated societies. In counties containing a popula- 
 tion from 300,000 to 1,200,000 male children may be committed by juvenile 
 courts to the county schools established for that purpose, and in counties 
 containing a population from 750,000 to 1,200,000 female children may be 
 committed to similar institutions established ^ for similar purposes. To 
 these county schools may also be committed juvenile oifenders from coun- 
 ties other than those by which the schools are maintained. It seems that 
 juvenile courts may commit children between the ages of fifteen and six- 
 teen to the Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory at Huntingdon. The 
 acts relating to this latter institution provide for the reception of persons 
 between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five. To the State Industrial 
 Home for Women persons over the age of sixteen only are committed. 
 The House of Correction, Employment and Reformation, seems to be 
 devoted largely to the reception of persons convicted in the municipal 
 court, sitting as a misdemeanants' Court." 
 
 It may also be pertinent to note at this place that section 10 of the 
 Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274, supra section 39 makes it unlawful to 
 commit the custody of any neglected or dependent child * * * * to 
 any institution of correction or reformation in which delinquent children 
 are received, or to commit any delinquent child to any institution in 
 which dependent or neglected children are received . 
 
 (A) STATE -INSTITUTIONS: 
 
 (1) Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory at Huntingdon. 
 
 65. COURTS MAY SENTENCE DELINQUENTS BETWEEN 
 AGES OF FIFTEEN AND TWENTY-FIVE TO INSTITUTION. 
 RECEPTION. CERTAIN LAWS EXTENDED TO INSTITUTION. 
 Any court in this Commonwealtli, exercising criminal jurisdiction, 
 maiy sentence to the said reformatory any male criminal, between 
 the ages of fifteen and twenty-five years and not known to have been 
 previously sentenced to a State prison in this or any other State or 
 country, upon the conviction in such court of such male person of a 
 crime punishable under existing laws in a State prison. And the 
 said board of managers shall receive and take into said reforma- 
 tory all male prisoners of the class aforesaid, who shall be legally 
 sentenced on conviction as aforesaid ; and all existing laws requiring 
 
the courts of this Commonwealth lo sentence to the State prison male 
 prisoners convicted of any criminal ofifense between the ages of fifteen 
 and twenty-five years, and not known to have been previously sen- 
 tenced to a State prison in this Commonwealth, or. any other State 
 or country, shall be applicable to the said reformatory, so far as to 
 enable courts to sentence the class of prisoners so last defined to said 
 reformatory and not to a State prison. 
 
 Sec. 4, Act of April 28, 1887, P. L. 63, No. 30. 
 
 66. DELINQUENTS TO BE IMPRISONED PURSUANT TO 
 THE ACT OF APRIL 28, 1887, P. L. 63. Any person, who shall be 
 convicted of an offense punishable by imprisonment in the Pennsyl- 
 vania Industrial Reformatory at Huntingdon and who, upon such 
 conviction, shall be sentenced to imprisonment therein, shall be im- 
 prisoned according to this act and not otherwise. 
 
 Sec. 5, Act of April 28, 1887, P. L. 63, No. 30. 
 
 67. SENTENCES TO BE WITHOUT LIMIT. BOARD OF MAN- 
 AGERS TO TERMINATE SENTENCE. Every sentence to the re- 
 formatory, of a person hereafter convicted of a felony or other crime, 
 shall be a general sentence to imprisonment in the Pennsylvania In- 
 dustrial Reformatory at Huntingdon, and the courts of this Common- 
 wealth imposing such sentence shall not fix or' limit the duration 
 thM-eof. The term of such imprisonment of any person so convicted : 
 and sentenced shall be terminated by the board of managers of the 
 reformatory, as authorized by this act; but such imprisonment shall 
 not exceed the maximum term, provided by law, for the crime for 
 which the prisoner was convicted and sentenced. 
 
 Sec. 6, Act of April 28, 1887, P. L. 63, No. 30. 
 
 68. SENTENCES TO DEFINITE TERMS NOT TO BE VOID. 
 If, through oversight or otherwise, any person be sentenced to im- 
 prisonment in the said' reformatory for a definite period of time, said 
 sentence shall not for that reason be void, but the person so 
 sentenced shall be entitled to the benefit, and subject to the liabilities 
 of this act, in the same manner and to the same extent as if the 
 sentence had been in the terms required by section six of this act, 
 and, in such case, said managers shall deliver to such offender a copy 
 of this act and written information of his relation to said managers. 
 
 Sec I.'i, Act of April 28, 1887, P. L. 63, No. 30. 
 
 40 
 
69. WHO MAY BE COMMITTED AND RECEIVED INTO EE- 
 FOEMATOEY. The said board of managers shall receive and take 
 into said reformatory all male criminals, between the ages of fifteen 
 and twenty-five and not known to have been previously sentenced 
 to a penitentiary or state prison in this or any other state, who shall 
 be legally sentenced to said reformatory, on conviction of any criminal 
 offense in any court having jurisdiction thereof; and any such court 
 may, in its discretion, sentence to said reformatory any such male 
 person, convicted of a crime punishable by the laws of the state by 
 imprisonment in the penitentiary, between the ages of fifteen and 
 twenty-five as aforesaid; the discipline, to be observed in said re- 
 formatory, shall be such as is Best calculated to promote etnd en- 
 courage the reformation of the prisoners therein confined, and the, 
 board of managers shall have power to use such means of reformation, 
 consistent with the improvement of those confined therein, as they 
 may deem expedient. 
 
 Sec. 8, Act of June 8, 1881, P. L, 63, No. 68, supplementing the Act of June 
 12, 1878, P. L. 179. 
 
 70. LAWS EEQUIRING SENTENCING OF MALES BETWEEN 
 THE AGES OF FIFTEEN AND TWENTY-FIVE, EXTENDED TO 
 EEFOEMATOEY. All provisions of existing laws, requiring the 
 courts of this state to sentence male criminals, between the ages of 
 fifteen and twenty-five, convicted of any criminal offense, to the peni- 
 tentiary, shall, from and after the appointment and confirmation 
 of the board of managers, provided for by section six of this act, apply 
 to said industrial reformatory, so far as to enable courts to sentence 
 the class of prisoners, mentioned in the eighth section of this act, 
 to said industrial reformatory. 
 
 Sec. 9, Act of June 8, 1881, P. L. 63, No. 68, supplementing the Act of June 12, 
 1878, P. L. 179. 
 
 71. CLEEKS OF COUETS TO FURNISH RECORDS. FEES OF 
 CLERKS OF COUETS FOE CEETIFYING EECOED. Every clerk 
 of any court by which a criminal shall be sentenced to the Pennsyl- 
 vania Industrial Eeformatory at Huntingdon shall furnish to the 
 ofScer having such criminal in charge a record containing the trial 
 and conviction of the defendant; and the clerk of the court shall 
 receive such compensation as is now allowed by law for making and 
 certifying to the record as in other criminal cases. 
 
 Sec. 8, Act of April 28, 1887, P. L. 63, No. 30. 
 
 4:1 
 
72. SHERIFFS TO CONVEY DELINQUENTS TO INSTITU- 
 TION. When any person has been convicted and sentenced, it shall 
 be the duty of the sheriff of the county in which the person has been 
 so convicted and sentenced, to deliver the said person to the proper 
 ofiacer or officers of said reformatory institution at Huntingdon. 
 
 Sec. 9, Act of AprU 28, 188T, P. L. 63, No. 30. 
 
 73. TRANSFER OP CONVICTS FROM PRISONS TO REFORM- 
 ATORY. Whenever there is unoccupied room in the reformatory, the, 
 board of managers may make requisitions upon the inspectors of 
 State prisons, who shall select sucl^ number as is required by such 
 requisition from among the youthful, well-behaved, and most promis- 
 ing convicts in the State prisons of the class described in section four 
 of this act, and transfer "them to the reformatory for education and 
 treatment under the rules and regulations thereof; and the board of 
 managers are hereby authorized to receive and detain, during the 
 term of tlieir sentence to the State prison, such prisoners so trans- 
 ferred ; and the laws applicable to convicts in the State prison, so far 
 as they relate to the commutation of imprisonment for good conduct, 
 and the provisions of this act, shall be applicable to said convicts, 
 when transferred under this section. 
 
 Sec. 7, Act of AprU 28, 1887, P. L. 63, No. 30. 
 
 74. TRANSFER OF CERTAIN INMATES TO STATE PRISONS. 
 RET^URN OF PRISONERS UPON REQUISITIONS. BOARD OF 
 MANAGERS TO ADOPT RULES. The board of managers shall 
 have the power to transfer temporarily to the State prison of the 
 proper district any prisoner who, subsequent to his committal, shall 
 be shown to their satisfaction to have been, at the time of his convic- 
 tion, more than twenty-five years of age, or to have been previously 
 convicted of crime; and may also so transfer any apparently in- 
 corrigible prisoner, whose presence in the reformatory appears to be 
 seriously detrimental to the well being of the institution. And such 
 managers may, by written requisitions, require the return to the 
 reformatory of any person who may have been so transferred. " The 
 said board of managers shall also have power to make all rules and 
 regulations necessary and proper, and not contrary to the Constitu- 
 tion and laws of this Commonwealth, for the employment, discipline 
 instruction, education, removal, and absolute, temporary or condi- 
 tional release of all convicts in said reformatory, and shall have 
 authority to prevent the escape of convicts at all hazards. 
 
 Sec. 10, Act of April 28, 1887, P. L, 63, No.. 30. ' 
 
 42 
 
75. LIST OF INMATES TO BE KEPT BY CLERK OF THE IN- 
 STITUTION. The clerk of the reformatory shall accurately keep a 
 list of persons received, together with a table, under the following 
 heads, giving the statements made by each person received at the 
 -time of reception, to be corrected, from time to time, as tlie super- 
 intendent, the physician and moral instructor may obtain fuller in- 
 formation from these persons during their custody. 
 
 Sec. 15, Act of April 28, 1887, P T. fi.'i, Vn V). 
 
 43 
 
Reception descriptive list of convicts received into the Pennsylvania 
 
 
 
 
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 Convictiong. 
 
 Occupation. 
 
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 stature. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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76. TABULAR STATEMENT TO BE KEPT BY PHYSICIAN 
 under the following heads, to be filled up from his personal, prpfes- 
 reformatory, at the time of his first exaimination of them, on their 
 from such persons during their incarceration. 
 
 Sec. 16, Act of AprU 28-, 1887, P. L. 63. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■ ■ 
 
 
 Conju- 
 
 Trade. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Color. 
 
 Sentence. 
 
 \ 
 
 Health. 
 
 gality. 
 
 
 g 
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 Name. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 Nativity. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 Hereditiiry Diseases. 
 
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 46 
 
OP INSTITUTION. The physician shaU keep a tabular statement, 
 sional examination, and from the statement of the persons in said 
 reception, and corrected from fuller information thereafter obtained 
 
 School. 
 
 Parental Relations. 
 
 
 i 
 
 •S 
 
 •a 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
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 Age 
 
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 death. 
 
 Cause 
 of death. 
 
 Intemperate. 
 
 Parental 
 
 Prostitution. 
 
 intemperate. 
 
 
 § 
 
 s 
 
 A 
 
 Si 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 fe 
 
 s 
 
 S 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 d 
 
 
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 Relatives now or ever were 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 in prison. Whom? 
 
 .2 
 
 
 
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 Where ? For what 
 crime ? 
 
 i 
 
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 47 
 
77. AIM OF THE INSTITUTION. KULES AND REGULA- 
 TIONS. CONTRACT LABOR SYSTEM NOT TO BE ESTAB- 
 LISHED. RECORDS OP PRISONERS. As the aim and purposes 
 of the industrial reformatory is to prevent young first offenders 
 against the laws of the State from becoming criminals, and to subject 
 them while in custody in this .reformatory to such remedial, 
 preventative treatment, training, and instruction as may make them 
 honest, reputable citizens, the board of managers is authorized and 
 hereby empowered to establish, by rules and regulations governing 
 the superintendent and other officers, such a system of discipline for 
 the inmates as will secure to each instruction in the rudiments of 
 an English education, and in such manual, handicraft, skilled voca- 
 tions as may be useful to each of the inmates, after his discharge 
 from the reformatory, whereby said person will be able to obtain 
 self-supporting employment. The contract system of labor shall not 
 exist in any form whatever, in said reformatory, but the prisoners 
 shall be employed by the Commonwealth. It shall be the duty of said 
 board of managers to maintain such control over all prisoners com- 
 mitted to their custody as shall prevent them from committing crime, 
 best secure their self-support, and accomplish their reformation. 
 When any prisoner shall be received into the reformatory upon direct 
 sentence thereto, they shall cause to be entered in a register the date 
 of such admission, the name, age, nativity, and nationality of the 
 prisoner, with such facts as can be ascertained of parentage, of early 
 social influences as seem to indicate the constitutional and acquired 
 defects and tendencies of the prisoner, and, based upon these, aH 
 estimate of the then present condition of the prisoner, and the best 
 probable plan of treatment. Upon such register shall be entered, 
 quarterly, yearly, or oftener, minutes of observed improvement, or 
 deterioratioB of character, and notes as to methods and treatment 
 employed ; also all orders, or alterations, affecting the standing or 
 situation of such prisoner, the circumstances of the final release, and 
 any subsequent facts of the personal history, which may be brought 
 to their knowledge. 
 
 Sec. 11, Act of AprU 28, 1887, P. L. 63, No, 30. 
 
 78. SYSTEM OF CREDIT MARKS FOR GOOD CONDUCT, 
 ETC. RECORDS OF INMATES. RULES AND REGULATIONS 
 ■CONCERNING MARKS. DISCHARGE OF CERTAIN INMATES. 
 GOVERNOR TO RESTORE CITIZENSHIP. The board of ^ mana- 
 gers shall, under a system of marks or otherwise, fix upon a uniform ' 
 plan, under which they shall determine what number of marks or 
 what credit shall be earned by each prisoner sentenced under the 
 provisions of this act, as the condition of increased privilege, or of 
 release from their control, which system shall be subject to revision 
 from time to time. Each prisoner so sentenced shall be credited for 
 
 48 
 
good, personal demeanor, diligence in labor aad study, and for lesults 
 accomplished, and be charged for derelictions, negligences and offenses. 
 An abstract of the record in the case of each prisoner, remaining 
 under control of the said board of managers, shall be made up semi- 
 annually, considered by the managers at a regular meeting and filed 
 with the Secretary of the Commonwealth ; which abstract shall show 
 the date of admission, the age and the then present situation, whether 
 in the reformatory. State prison, asylum, or elsewhere, whether any 
 and how much progress of improvement has been made, and the 
 reason for release, or continued custody as the case may be. The 
 managers shall establish rules and regulations by which the standing 
 of each prisoner's account of marks or credit shall be made known 
 to him, as often as once a month and of tener, if he shall at any time 
 request it, and may make provisions by which any prisoner may 
 see and converse with some one of said managers during every month. 
 When it appears to the said managers that there is a strong or rea- 
 sonable probability that any prisoner will live and remain at liberty 
 without violating the law, and that his release is not incompatible 
 with the welfare of society, then they shall issue to such prisoner on 
 (an) absolute release from imprisonment, in the form provided in 
 section fourteen of this act, and shall certify the fact of such release 
 and the grounds thereof to the Governor; and the Governor may 
 thereupon in his discretion restore such person to citizenship. But 
 no petition or other form of application for the release of any pris- 
 oner shall be entertained by the managers. Nothing herein contained 
 shall be construed to impair the power of the Governor to grant a 
 pardon or commutation in any case. 
 Sec. 12, Act of April 28, 1887, P. L. 63, No. 30. 
 
 79. VIOLATION OF PAEOLE BY INMATES OF IJfDUSTRIAL 
 EEFOEMATORY AT HUNTINGDON. PENALTY. Whenever an 
 inmate of the Pennsylvania Industrial Eeformatory at Huntingdon 
 shall be paroled and thereafter, when on his parole, shall in any 
 manner violate the same and be declared a delinquent by the Board 
 of Managers of said reformatory, he shall be liable to arrest and 
 return at any time, and upon his return be required to serve the 
 unexpired term of his possible maximum sentence, at the discretion 
 of the Board of Managers, and the time from the date of his declared 
 delinquency to the date of his return to the said Eeformatory shall 
 not be counted as any part or portion of such sentence. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 6, 1893, P. Xj. 326, supplementing the Act of Acril 28, 
 1887, P. L. 63. 
 
 80. AEEEST OF INMATES OP INDUSTRIAL EEPOEMA- 
 TOEY AT HUNTINGDON, VIOLATING PAEOLE. Whenever any 
 
 49 
 
such paroled inmate shall, as afoiesaid, so violate his said parole and 
 be declared a delinquent by the said Board of Managers, it shall be 
 lawful for the president of the Board of Managers of the said Reform- 
 atory to issue his warrant to (a) detective or person authorized by 
 law to execute criminal process, whose duty 'it shall be to arrest 
 and deliver such paroled prisoner to the Roformatory at Huntingdon, 
 the cost of executing such warrant and delivering the prisoner to 
 the said Reformatory to be paid by the Board of Managers. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 6, 1893, P. L. 326, supplementing the Act of April 28, 
 1887, P. L. 63. 
 
 81. REQUISITIONS OP INMATES OF INDUSTRIAL RE- 
 FORMATORY AT HUNTINGDON, VIOLATING PAROLE. When- 
 ever any inmate of the said Industrial Reformatory shall violate his 
 parole and go into any other state, it shall be the duty of the Gover- 
 nor of the Commonwealth to issue his requisition for the return of 
 such paroled inmate as being a fugitive from justice. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of June 6, 1883, P. L. 326, supplementing the Act of April 28, 
 1887, P. L. 63. 
 
 82. VIOLATION OF PAROLE BY INMATES OP INDUSTRIAL 
 REFORMATORY AT HUNTINGDON. TIME ON PAROLE TO BE 
 ADDED TO MAXIMUM SENTENCE. Whenever any paroled in- 
 mate of the said Industrial Reformatory shall violate his parole 
 and be returned to the institution, the time when he was on parole 
 may, in the discretion of the Board of Managers, be added to the 
 maximum sentence which he could be required to serve, and in their 
 discretion, the said paroled inmate may be compelled to serve, in 
 addition to the maximum sentence, a period of time equal to the 
 time that he was on parole. 
 
 Sec. i. Act ot June 6, 1893, P. L. 326, supplementing the Act of April 28, 
 ]887,P. L. 63. 
 
 83. ESCAPE OP INMATES PROM THE INDUSTRIAL RE- 
 FORMATORY AT HUNTINGDON, PENALTY. If any inmate 
 should escape from the said Industrial Reformatory, or from a keeper 
 or any ofllcer having him in charge, or from his place of work while 
 engaged in working outside of the walls, the inmate so escaping 
 shall be deemed and taken to have committed an escape or breach of 
 prison, and shall be subject to like penalties as are now provided by 
 law for an escape or breach of prison, and may be punished accord- 
 ingly; or the board of managers may, in their discretion, add to his 
 maximum sentence, upon his return to the reformatory, the time 
 which said escaped inmate may be at large, and in their discretion 
 such escaped inmates may be required to serve, in addition to his 
 maximum sentence, a further period of time equal to the time that 
 he was at large. 
 
 50 
 
Sec. 1, Act of April 28, 18<39, P. L. 73, amending Sec. 5, Act of June 6, ISnS, 
 P. L. 328, whicli was a supplement of the Act of April 28, 1887, P. L. 63. 
 
 The title to the above act is evidently incomplete, as it does not properly 
 cite the Act of June 6, 1893, which was the supplementing act intended 
 to be amended. 
 
 84. PENALTY FOR DELIVERING AND ATTEMPTING TO 
 DELIVER TO, OR RECEIVING PROM INMATES OF REFORMA- 
 TPRY CERTAIN ARTICLES. • If any person delivers or procures to 
 be delivered, or has in their possession with intent to be delivered to 
 a convict of the Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory, or deposits 
 or conceals in or about the 'Reformatory or dependencies thereon, 
 or upon any land belonging or appertaining, thereto, or in any en- 
 gine, car, wagon or other vehicle going into the premises belonging 
 to the said Reformatory, any letter, article or thing, -With the intent 
 that a convict confined in the said Reformatory shall obtain or re- 
 ceive the same, or if any person receives from any convict of said 
 Reformatory any letter, article or thing with intent to convey the 
 same out of the Reformatory contrary to the rules and regulations 
 thereof, and without the knowledge and permission of the General 
 Superintendent of said Reformatory, or if any person shall purchase, 
 exchange, take or receive from any convict thereof while he may be 
 working outside the walls of said Reformatory, any letter, article or 
 thing, whether State or otlier property manufactured or used in 
 and about said reformatory, such person shall be guilty of a mis- 
 demeanor, and on conviction thereof be sentenced to pay a fine not 
 exceeding one hun"dred dollars, or undergo an imprisonment not 
 exceeding three months, or both, or either, at the discretion of the 
 court. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 24, 1895, P. L. 265, No. 177. 
 
 85. DISCHARGE OF INMATES BY COURTS. When, in the 
 opinion of the superintendent, and after due investigation, and ob- 
 taining the opinion of the physician and moral instructor, any per- 
 son confined in the reformatory has given such evidence, as is deemed 
 reliable and trustworthy, that such person has been so improved by 
 his treatment in said reformatory as to justify his liberation, a certi- 
 ficate of the fact and the opinions of the superintendent, doctor and 
 moral instructor, under their hands and seals, shall be submitted to 
 the board of managers; when, after due notice to all the managers 
 at the next meeting thereafter, said boRid shall consider the case of 
 the person so presented; and when the said board shall determine 
 that such person is entitled to his discharge, said board shall cause 
 a record of the case of such person to be made, showing the date of 
 his commitment to the Reformatory, the time he has been detained, 
 the cause thereof, a copy of his sentence, the ropy of the certificate 
 
 51 
 
as aforesaid of the oncers and the action thereon of the board, said 
 record to be signed by the managers and sent to the judge of the court 
 that sentenced said persons to the reformatory, who shall, after con- 
 sulting the district attorney and no further reason for detention 
 existing, send, under the seal of the court, to the said board, an order 
 to discharge the said person from said reformatory. 
 
 Sec. 14, Act of April 28, 1887, P. L. 63, No. 30. 
 
 86. ACCOUNT OF COST OF MAINTENANCE OF INMATES 
 TO BE KEPT. COUNTY PROM WHICH INMATE COMMITTED 
 LIABLE FOR SUCH COST. The managers shall cause to be kept, 
 by the clerk, an account of the cost of the support and maintenance 
 of each convict with the county from which he is sent to the Reform- 
 atory, which said account shall annually be approved by the said 
 managers, and, if the same be true and correct, shall be sworn to by 
 at least three of said managers, and sent to the commissioners of 
 the proper county, first deducting from the said cost the amount 
 received from the labor of the said convict, if any, and for the bal- 
 ance the said managers shall, sixty days thereafter, draw their draft 
 on the proper officers of the counties, respectively, for the amount so 
 found to be due, which draft it shall be the duty of the said county 
 officers to pay,. 
 
 See. 17, Act of April 28, 1887, P L.. 63. 
 
 (2) Pennsylvania Training School at Morganza. 
 
 This institution, originally the House of Refuge of Western Pennsyl- 
 vania, was styled, by the Act of March 20, 1872, P. L. 27, The Penn- 
 sylvania Reform School. By order of the court of common pleas of 
 Allegheny County, (No. 377 IFirst Term 1912) the name of the institution 
 was changed to The Pennsylvania Training School. 
 
 87. WHO MAY BE RECEIVED BY COMMITMENT. EM- 
 PLOYMENT OF INMATES. VOCATIONAL TRAINING. It shall 
 be lawful for the board of managers of said house of refuge, at their 
 discretion, to receive into their care and guardianship infants, males 
 under the age of twenty-one years, and females under the age of 
 twenty-one years, committed to their custody in either of the follow- 
 ing modes, to wit: ' 
 
 First. Infants committed by an alderman or justice of the peace 
 on the complaint, and due proof made thereof by the parent, guar- 
 dian or next friend of such infant, that by reason of incorrigible or 
 vicious conduct, such infant has rendered his or her control beyond 
 the power of such parent, guardian or next friend, and made it mani- 
 festly requisite, that from regard to the morals and future welfare 
 of such infant, he or she should be placed under the guardianship of 
 the managers of the said house of refuge. 
 
 52 
 
Second. Infants committed by the authority aforesaid, where 
 complaint and due proof have been made that such infant is a proper 
 subject for the guardianship of the managers of the said house of 
 refuge, in consequence of vagrancy, or of incorrigible or vicious con- 
 duct, and that from the moral depravity or otherwise of the parent, 
 or guardian or next friend, in whose custody such infant may be, such 
 parent, guardian or next friend is incapable or unwilling to exercise 
 the proper care and discipline over such incorrigible or vicious in- 
 fant. 
 
 Third. Infants who shall be taken or committed as vagrants or 
 upon any criminal charge, or duly convicted of criminal offenses as 
 may in the judgment of the court of oyer and terminer, or of the 
 court of quarter sessions of the peace of any county within the 
 western district; and the said managers shall have power to place 
 the said children committed to their care, during their minority, at 
 such employment, and cause them to be instructed in such branches 
 of useful knowledge as may be suitable to their years and capacities ; 
 and they shall have power at their discretion to bind out the said 
 children, with their consent, as apprentices during their minority to 
 such persons and at such places, to learn such proper trades and 
 employments as in their judgment will be most conducive to the 
 , reformation and amendment, and will tend to the future benefit and 
 advantage of such children. 
 Sec. 15, Act of April 22, 1850, P. L. 538. 
 
 No child under the age of sixteen may now be committed by magistrates 
 and justices of the peace to any institution, see section 1, Act of March 
 26, 1903, P. L. 66, supra section 34. 
 
 88. ALDERMEN AND JUSTICES OP THE PEACE COMMIT- 
 TING VAGRANTS TO ANNEX LIST OF WITNESSES. It shall 
 be the duty of any alderman or justice aforesaid, committing a va- 
 grant, or incorrigible or vicious infant as aforesaid, in addition to the 
 adjudication required by the sixth section of this act, to annex to 
 his commitment the names and residences of the different witnesses 
 examined before him, and the substance of the testimony given by 
 them respectively, on which the said adjudication was found. 
 
 Sec. 16, Act of April 22, 1850, P. L. 538. 
 
 See note to section immediately preceding. 
 
 89. INFANTS CONVICTED IN DISTRICT AND CIRCUIT 
 COURTS OF THE UNITED STATES MAY BE COMMITTED. The 
 managers of the House of Refuge for -Western Pennsylvania shall 
 have power to admit, into said House of Refuge, infants convicted of 
 any criminal offence in any district or circuit court of the United 
 States, in and for the Western district of Pennsylvania, in like man- 
 ner as thcT are now authorized to admit infants convicted in the 
 
 53 
 
courts of oyer and terminer and quarter sessions : Provided, That no 
 such infant shall be so admitted, unless residing within the Western 
 district of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Sec.,1, Act of AprU H, 1862, P. L. 425, No. 423, supplementing the Act of 
 AprU 22, 1850, P. L. 538. 
 
 90. CHILDREN COMMITTED TO BE CLOTHED, MAIN- 
 TAINED AND INSTRUCTED AT COUNTY EXPENSE. AC- 
 COUNTS HOW KEPT. The children received by said managers 
 under the conviction of any court within the said western district, 
 shall be clothed, maintained and instructed by the said.managers at 
 the public expense of the proper county from which they came ; and 
 the accounts of said children shall be kept by the said managers in 
 the same manner that the accounts of convicts in the penitentiaries 
 are now directed to be kept by the inspectors thereof. 
 
 Sec. 19, Act of April 22, 1850, P. L. 538. 
 
 91. ALL CHILDREN COMMITTED TO, BE PROPERLY 
 CLOTHED, MAINTAINED AND INSTRUCTED. COMMIT- 
 MENTS BY MAYORS, ALDERMEN AND JUSTICES OF THE 
 PEACE. The act of assembly, approved the twenty-second day of 
 April, one thousand eight hundred and fifty (P. L. 538), entitled 
 "An act to secure the cities of Pittsburgh and Allegheny, and the 
 neighborhood thereof, by damage from gun -powder; to incorporate 
 an association for the establishment of a house of refuge for Western 
 Pennsylvania; and relative to the Pennsylvania State lunatic asy- 
 lum," is hereby so amended in its nineteenth section, as to include in 
 the enactment and provision therein made, also such children received 
 by the managers of the said house of refuge as may be convicted, or 
 ■Committed thereto agreeably to the provisions of the charter thereof, 
 by any mayor, alderman or justice of the peace within the said 
 Western district;, and further, that the mayor of any c^ity within 
 the said Western district shall have like authority with that given 
 to aldermen and justices of the peace to commit to the custody of 
 the managers of the said house of refuge, and that any commitment 
 heretofore made by any mayor of any such city, is hereby legalized 
 and made good. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of April 16, 1857, P. L. 219, No. 261, extending the Act of April 22, 
 1850, P. L. 538. 
 
 For the nineteenth section herein referred to see the section immediately 
 preceding . 
 
 No child under the age of sixteen may now be committed by magistrates 
 and justices of the peace to any institutions, see section 1, Act of March 
 26, 1903, P. L, 66, supra section .34. 
 
 54 
 
92. ALL CHILDREN COMMITTED TO BE PROPEKLY 
 CLOTHED, MAINTAINED AND INSTRUCTED. The nineteenth 
 section of the act to which this is a further supplement, shall extend 
 and apply to all children received into the house of refuge of western 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of January 31, 1855, P. L. 6, No. 9, supplementing the Act of April 22, 
 1850, P. h. 538.- 
 
 The nineteenth section herein referred to is the nineteenth section of 
 the Act of April 22, 1850, P. L. 538, supra section 90. See also section 
 1, of the Act of April 16, 1857, P. L. 219, supra section 91, amending 
 said nineteenth section by extending the same to certain cases. 
 
 93. POWER OF BOARD OVER FEMALES. It shall be lawful 
 for the board of managers of said institution, at their discretion, to 
 retain or bind out female infants committed to their care (who may 
 be sixteen years of age at the time they are committed), untiUthey 
 shall reach the age of twenty-one years. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of January 31, 1855, P. L. 6, No. 9, supplementing Act of April 22, 
 1850, P. L. 538. 
 
 94. INDENTURING OP CHILDREN COMMITTED. The 
 boards of managers of the houses of refuge for the reformation of 
 juvenile delinquents, in (Philadelphia and) Allegheny counties, are 
 hereby respectively authorized, whenever they deem it for the interest 
 of any white inmate duly committed to their custody, to bind or 
 indenture such white inmate to service during his or her minority, 
 although the party to whom the indenture may be made may be a 
 citizen of one of the United States other than this Commonwealth: 
 Provided, That no such indenture to service out of this Common- 
 wealth shall be made without the consent first given of said white 
 inmate. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 12, 1857, P. L. 454, No. 509. 
 
 95. SPIRITUAL MINISTRATIONS TO INMATES. From and 
 after the passage of this act, all persons committed to the Western 
 house of refuge shall be allowed, in all cases of sickness, spiritual 
 advice and spiritual ministration from any recognized clergymen of 
 the denomination to which said inmate may belong; such advice and 
 ministration to be obtained within sight of the person or persons 
 having such inmates in charge; but if the person or persons seeking 
 such, desire religious consolation out of hearing of any officer of 
 said institution, then, in that instance, they shall not be debarred 
 by any rule of said house of refuge. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of April 8, 1862, P. L. 318, No. 333, Supplementing the Act of April 22, 
 1850, P. L. 538. 
 
 S5 
 
96. COUNTY CHARGEABLE WITH EXPENSES OF MAINTE- 
 NANCE OF CHILDREN COMMITTED. The county chargeable 
 with the expense of any child committed to the House of Refuge for 
 Western Pennsylvania shall be the county in which the parents of 
 said child reside, or if there be no parents living or resident within 
 this Commonwealth, then said expense shall be charged to the county 
 wherein the person committed may have last resided for a period not 
 less than ninety consecuiplve days: Provided however, That where in- 
 fants have been inmates of eleemosynary institutions prior to com- 
 mitment to the house of refuge, the residence of such infants or of 
 their parents prior to their having become inmates of said institu- 
 tions shall be regarded as their domicile for the purposes of this act. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of April 11, 1868, P. L, 847, No. 786. 
 
 (3) State Industrial Home for Women at.Muncy Station. 
 
 97. BOARD OF MANAGERS TO MAKE RULES AND REGU- 
 LATIONS. The Board of Managers shall have power to make all 
 necessary rules and regulations, not contrary to the Constitution 
 and laws of this Commonwealth, for the care, detention, employ- 
 ment, discipline, instruction, and temporary or permanent release, of 
 any and all persons committed to the Industrial Home. 
 
 See. 10, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 98. AIM OP INSTITUTION. PROVISION FOR EDUCATION 
 AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING. As the aim of the Industrial 
 Home is to prevent young offenders against the laws of this Common- 
 wealth from becoming hardened criminals, and to subject them while 
 in the Indu.strial Home to such remedial preventive treatment, train- 
 ing and instruction, as will conduce to their mental and moral im- 
 provement, the boaid of managers, in adopting rules and regula- 
 tions for the government of the institution is authorized to provide 
 for a system of discipline for the inmates as will secure to each per- 
 son instruction in the rudimeirts of an English education, and in 
 such manual and skilled vocations as may be useful ,to such female 
 after her discharge from the Industrial Home, and whereby she may 
 be able to obtain self-supporting employment. 
 
 Sec. 28, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 99. CONTRACT FORM OF LABOR NOT TO EXIST. The con 
 
 tract system of labor shall not exist in any form in the Industrial 
 Home, but the inmates shall be employed solely by the Commonwealth. 
 
 Sw, 11. Act of .Tuly 2S, 1913. F. I,, 1311. 
 
 f;R 
 
100. EECOKD OF INMATES. A record shall be kept of each 
 prisoner at the Industrial Home, setting forth her name, age, nativity, 
 nationality, date of admission, the offense for which she was com- 
 mitted, and such facts concerning the life and the social influences 
 and temptations which surrounded her as can be obtained from her- 
 self and from other sources, either at the time of her admission or 
 later ; likewise any further facts which may be directed by the Board 
 of Public Charities. Detailed information on the subject shall be 
 forwarded to the Board of Public Charities upon forms to be fur- 
 nished by said board whenever it shall so request. 
 
 Sec. 12, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 101. SYSTEM OF MARKS AND (CREDITS TO BE ESTAB- 
 LISHED. INMATES TO CONVERSE PRIVATELY WITH MEM- 
 BER OF BOARD. The Board of Managers may fix upon a uniform 
 plan, under a system of marks or otherwise, .whereby it shall be 
 determined what number of favorable marks or credit may be earned 
 by each prisoner as a condition of increased privilege, or of release 
 from confinement. She shall be credited for good personal demeanor, 
 and diligence in labor and study, and shall be charged for derelic- 
 tions, negligence and offences. The account of her favorable marks 
 or credit, and of the charges against the same, shall be made known 
 to her as often as once a month; and provision shall be made by 
 which any inmate may see and converse in private with at least one 
 of the managers during every month if she so desires.. 
 
 Sec. 13, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 102. TRANSFER OF INMATES OF JAILS AND PENITENTIA- 
 RIES TO INDUSTRIAL HOME. Whenever there is unoccupied 
 room in the Industrial Home the board of managers may make 
 requisitions upon the authorities of any penitentiary or prison, who 
 shall select such number as is required by such requisition from 
 among the youthful, well-behaved and most promising women con- 
 victs in the State and county prisons of the class described in sec- 
 tion fifteen of this act, and transfer them to the Industrial Home for 
 education and treatment under the rules and regulations thereof, 
 and the board of managers are hereby authorized to receive, and de- 
 tain during the term of their sentence to the State prison, such 
 prisoners so transferred, and the laws applicable to convicts in the 
 State prison, so far as they relate to the commutation of imprison- 
 ment for good conduct and the provisions of this act, shall be appli- 
 cable to said convicts when transferred under this section. 
 
 Sec. 14, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 103. SENTENCE TO INDUSTRIAL HOME. DURATION OF 
 IMPRISONMENT. Any court of record in this Commonwealth, 
 
exercising criminal Jurisdiction, may, in its discretion, sentence to 
 the said Industrial Home any female between sixteen and thirty years 
 of age, upon conviction for, or upon pleading guilty of, the commis- 
 sion of any criminal offense punishable under the laws of this State. 
 Said sentence shall be merely a general one to the State Industrial 
 Home for Women, and shall not fix or limit the duration thereof. 
 The duration of such imprisonment, including the time spent on 
 parole, shall not exceed three years, except where the maximum term 
 specified by law for the crime for which the prisoner was sentenced 
 shall exceed that period, in which event said maximum term shall 
 be the limit of detention under the provisions of this act. 
 Sec. 15, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 104. SENTENCE NOT VOID IP FOR DEFINITE PERIOD. 
 ACT TO APPLY. MANAGERS TO DELIVER COPY OF ACT TO 
 OFFENDER. If, through oversight, or otherwise, any person be 
 sentenced to imprisonment in the said Industrial Home for a definite 
 period of time, said sentence shall not for that reason be void; but 
 the person so sentenced shall be entitled to the benefit, and subject 
 to the liabilities of this act, in the same manner and to the same 
 extent as if the sentence had been in the terms required by this act. 
 In such case said managers shall deliver to such offender a copy of 
 this act. 
 
 Sec. 16, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 105. TRANSFER OF INMATES TO PENITENTIARIBSl 
 RETURN TO INDUSTRIAL HOME. The board of managers of the 
 Industrial Home may transfer temporarily to either State peniten- 
 tiary any female committed to the Industrial Home who may be in- 
 corrigibl'e, or whose presence in the Industrial House may be seriously 
 detrimental to the well-being of the institution. The managers may 
 subsequently, by written requisition, require the return to the In- 
 dustrial Home of any female who may have been so transferred. 
 
 Sec. 17, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 106. CLERKS OP COURT TO NOTIFY SUPERINTENDENT 
 OF SENTENCES TO INDUSTRIAL HOME. FEMALE AGENT 
 TO TRANSPORT PERSON SENTENCED. The clerk of any court 
 by which a criminal shall be sentenced to the said Industrial Home 
 shall forthwith notify the superintendent thereof of such sentence, 
 who shall thereupon send an agent, who shall be a woman, to receive 
 the prisoner at the county jail and transport her to the Industrial 
 Home, and it shall be the duty of the sheriff to deliver her to said 
 agent. The clerk shall furnish to said agent a record of the case, 
 for which he shall receive such fees from the county as are now 
 allowed by law for similar services. 
 
 gee. 18, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 58 
 
107. DISCHARGE OF INMATES. PAROLE. When, in the 
 opinion of the superintendent after due investigation and consultation 
 with the physician, any prisoner has given what is deemed trustworthy 
 evidence that she has been so improved by treatment in the Industrial 
 Home as to justify her liberation, a certificate of that fact, and wri.tten 
 recommendations in the case by the superintendent and physician, 
 duly signed by them, shall be submitted to the board of managers. 
 At its next meeting the case of the person so presented shall be con- 
 sidered; and, if it shall be determined that she is a fit person for a 
 permanent discharge, a statement shall be made, showing the date 
 of her commitment, the cause thereof, the time she has been detained, 
 and a copy of the aforesaid recommendations with the action thereon. 
 Said statement shall be signed by the board's president or secretary 
 and sent to the judge of the court that sentenced said inmate to the 
 Industrial Home, who shall thereupon confer with the district attor- 
 ney, and, if he ascertains that no reason for further detention exists, 
 he shall send to the board an order, under the seal of the court, di- 
 recting the permanent discharge of said person from the Industrial 
 Home. If the judge knows of any reason for her further detention 
 he shall at once communicate such reason to the board. Upon receipt 
 of the aforesaid order of discharge the prisoner shall be granted a 
 permanent release from custody. The board shall have power to 
 grant temporary discharge or parole for a period of not more than 
 ninety days, and to continue the same by renewal or renewals. 
 
 Sec. 19, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 108. INMATES VIOLATING PAROLE TO BE LIABLE TO 
 ARREST AND RETURN WARRANT FOR ARREST. Whenever 
 an inmate of the State Industrial Home for Women shall be paroled, 
 and during her parole shall in any manner violate the same, she may 
 be declared delinquent by the board of managers; and thereupon be 
 liable to arrest and return at any tiriie. In such case, or if any 
 prisoner of the institution shall escape therefrom, It shall be lawful 
 for the president of the board of managers, or the superintendent, 
 to issue a warrant to any detective or person authorized by law to 
 execute criminal process, whose duty it shall be to arrest and return 
 such paroled or escaped person to the Industrial Home, and cost of 
 executing the said warrant and returning the prisoner to be paid by 
 the board of managers. 
 
 Sec. 27, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 109. VIOLATION OF PAROLE. TIME SPENT ON PAROLE 
 MAY BE ADDED TO MAXIMUM TERM OF SENTENCE. When- 
 ever any paroled inmate of the said Industrial Home shall violate 
 her parole, and be returned to the institution, the time v/hen she was 
 on parole and the unexpired term of her possible maximum sentence 
 
 59 
 
may be added together and, in the discretion of the board of mana- 
 gers, she may be required to serve such full time or any part thereof. 
 
 Sec. 20, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. ^ 
 
 110. INMATES ESCAPING TO BE GUILTY OF AN ESCAPE 
 OK BREACH OF PRISON. If any inmate shall escape from the said 
 Industrial Home, or from a keeper or any officer having her in charge, 
 or from her place of work while engaged in working outside of the 
 walls, the inmate so escaping shall be deemed and taken to have 
 committed an escape or breach of prison, and sh-all be subject to 
 such penalties as are now provided by law for an escape or breach 
 of prison, and may be punished accordingly. 
 
 Sec. 21, Act of Jiily 25, 1913, P. L.-1311. 
 
 111. COSTS AND EXPENSES WHEN INMATE OF HOME IS 
 TRIED FOR AN OFFENSE TO BE PAID BY COUNTY ORIGIN- 
 ALLY COMMITTING. Whenever any inmate of the Industrial 
 Home, not having been sentenced thereto by the court of the county 
 wherein such Industrial Home shall be established, shall be convicted 
 in such county of any misdemeanor or felony committed while an in- 
 mate of the said' Industrial Home, the costs and erpenses of trying 
 such convicted inmate, and of her maintenance after convictioli 
 and sentence, either to the county prison of such county, or to either 
 of the peitentiarie's of the Commonwealth, or to the Industrial Home, 
 shall be paid by the county from which the said convicted inmate was 
 sentenced. 
 
 Sec. 22, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 112. COSTS AND EXPENSES TO BE PAID IN FIRST IN- 
 STANCE BY COUNTY IN WHICH HOME IS ESTABLISHED. 
 COMMISSIONERS TO DRAW WARRANT ON TREASURER OF 
 COUNTY ORIGINALLY COMMITTING INMATES. The 
 costs and expenses of the trial of such convicted inmate shall, in the 
 first instance, be paid by the county wherein such Industrial Home 
 shall be established, whose commissioners are thereupon authorized 
 to draw their warrant upon the treasurer of the county, from whidi 
 said convicted inmate was sentenced to the said Industrial Home, 
 for the amount so paid by the said county wherein such Industrial 
 Home shall be established, for said costs and expenses, which war- 
 rant it shall be the duty of the treasurer upon whom it may be drawn 
 to pay forthwith. 
 
 Sec. 23, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L, 1311. 
 
 113. WHEN INMATE SENTENCED TO JAIL OR PENITEN- 
 TIARY, COST OF MAINTENANCE TO BE PAID BY COUNTY 
 ORIGINALLY COMMITTING SUCH INMATE TO HOME. When- 
 
 60 
 
ever any convicted inmate shall be sentenced either to the county 
 prison of the county wherein such Industrial Home shall be estab- 
 lished, or to either of the penitentiaries of the Commonwealth, it 
 shall be lawful for the authorities of the proper penal institution to 
 draw annually a warrant upon the treasurer of the county from 
 which said inmate was originally sentenced for the costs and expen- 
 ses of her maintenance, and the treasuj-er upon whom such warrant 
 may be drawn shall forthwith pay the same. 
 Sec. 24, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 13ll. 
 
 114. ACCOUNT OF COST OF MAINTENANCE TO BE KEPT 
 WITH COUNTY COMMITTING INMATE. BALANCE OF SUCH 
 ACCOUNT TO BE PAID BY COUNTY. The board of managers 
 shall cause to be kept an account of the expense of the support and 
 maintenance of each person committed to the Industrial Home with 
 the county from which she was sent, and bills for the same shall be 
 forwarded periodically to the commissioners of the proper county, 
 deducting first from said bills any amount which has been received 
 from the labor of the prisoner referred to ; and it shall be the duty 
 of the county officer* to pay the balance due on said account within 
 thirty days from the receipt of this statement. 
 
 Sec. 25, Act of July 25, 1913, P. L. 1311. 
 
 (B) Semi-State Institutions. 
 
 (1) Glen Mills Schools. 
 
 The change of name of this institution from the House of Refuge, 
 adopted at the original organization in 1826, to Glen Mills Schools was 
 made by order of the Court of Common Pleas, No. i, (of Philadelphia,) 
 on the petition of the managers. This change was made at the sug- 
 gestion of many of the judges throughout the State, after due considera- 
 tion by the board, and the contributors. 
 
 115. WHO MAY BE COMMITTED TO HOUSE OF REFUGE OF 
 PHILADELPHIA. BINDING OUT AND APPRENTICING OF 
 INMATES. The said managers shall at their discretion receive into 
 the said house of refuge, such children who shall be taken up or com- 
 mitted as vagrants, or upon any criminal charge, or duly convicted 
 of criminal offences, as may be in the judgment of the court of oyer 
 and terminer, or of the court of quarter sessions of the peace, of the 
 county, or of the mayo^rs courts of the city of Philadelphia, or of any 
 alderman or justice of the peace, or of the managers of the alms- 
 house and house of employment, be deemed proper objects; and the 
 said managers of the house of refuge shall have power to place the 
 said children committed to their care, during the minority of the said 
 children, at such employments, and cause them to be instructed in 
 such branches of useful knowledge as may be suitable to their years 
 and capacities; and they shall have power, in their discretion, to 
 
 61 
 
bind out the said children, with their consent, as apprentices, during 
 their minority, to such persons, and at such places, to learn such 
 proper trades and employments, as in their judgment will be most 
 conducive to the reformation and amendment, and will tend to the 
 future benefit and advantage of such children: Provided, That the 
 charge and power of the said managers upon and over the said chil- 
 dren, shall not extend An the case of females, beyond the age of 
 eighteen years. 
 
 Sec. 6, Act of Marcli 23, 1826, P. L. 133. 
 
 This act was held to be constitutional in ex parte Grouse, J, Wharton 9, 
 and not depriving the children committed of their right of trial by jury. 
 "The house of refuge is not a prison, but a school, where reformation, 
 and not punishment, is the end." 
 
 The proviso in this section seems to be repealed by section 7 of the Act 
 of April 11, 1850, P. L. 448, immediately following this section. 
 
 Children under the age of sixteen may no longer be committed by magis- 
 trates and justices of the peace, see section 1, Act of March 26, 1903, 
 P. L. 66, supra section 34. 
 
 116. POWER AND CHARGE OF MANAGERS OVER FE- 
 MALES. The power and charge of the managers of the House of 
 Refuge over the inmates of that institution, shall extend in the case 
 of females, who on their admission may be sixteen years of age, to 
 the age of twenty-one years ; and that so much of any law or laws of 
 this Commonwealth as conflicts with the provisions of this section, 
 be and the same is hereby repealed. 
 
 Sec. 7, Act of April 11, 1850, P. L. 448. 
 
 It would seem that the repealing clause herein repeals the proviso in 
 Section 6, Act of March 23, 1826, P. L. 133, immediately preceding, 
 and part of Section 4, Act of March 2, 1827, P. L. 76, infra section 119. 
 
 117. WHO MAY BE COMMITTED. In lieu of the manner' pre- 
 scribed by the sixth section of the Act to which this is a supplement, 
 it shall be lawful for the managers of the House of Refuge, at their 
 discretion, to receive into their care and guardianship, infants, 
 males under the age of twenty-one years, and females under the age 
 of eighteen years, committed to their custody in either of the follow- 
 ing modes, viz : First. Infants committed by an alderman oi; justice 
 of the peace, on the complaint and due proof made to him by the 
 parent, guardian or next friend of such infant, that by reason of in- 
 corrigible or vicious conduct, such infant has rendered his or her 
 control beyond the power of such parent, guardian or next friend, 
 and made it manifestly requisite, that from regard for the morals 
 and future welfare of such infant, he or she should be placed under 
 the guardianship of the managers of the House of Refuge. Second: 
 Infants committed by the authority aforesaid, where complaint and 
 
 G2 
 
clue proof have been made, tkat such infant is a proper subject for 
 the guardianship of the managers of the House of Ref ug6, in conse- 
 quence of vagrancy, or of incorrigible or vicious conduct, and that 
 from the moral depravity or otherwise of the parent or next friend, 
 in whose custody such infant may be, such parent or next friend is 
 incapable or unwilling to exercise the proper care and discipline 
 over such incorrigible or vicious infant. Third: Infants committed 
 by the courts of this Commonwealth in the mode provided by the 
 act to which this is a supplement. 
 
 See. 1, Act of April 10, 1835, P. L. 133, supplementing the Act of March 23, 
 1826, P. L. 133. 
 
 This act was held to be constitutional in ex parte Grouse, J, Wharton 9, 
 and not depriving the children committed of their right of trial by jury. 
 "The House of Kefuge is not a prison, but a school, where reformation, 
 and not punishment, is the end." 
 
 Children under the age of sixteen may no longer be committed by magis- 
 trates and justices of the peace, see section 1, Act of March 26, 1903, P. 
 L. 66, supra section 34. 
 
 118. ALDERMEN AND JUSTICES OP THE PEACE COM- 
 MITTING DELINQUENTS TO ANNEX NAMES OF WITNESSES. 
 It shall be the duty of any alderman or justice aforesaid, committing 
 a vagrant or incorrigible or vicious infant as aforesaid, in addition 
 to the adjudication required by the first section of this act, to annex 
 to his commitment the names and residence of the different witnesses 
 examined before him, and the substance of the testimony given by 
 them respectfully, on which the said adjudication was founded. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of April 10, 1835, P. L. 133, supplementing the Act of March 23, 
 1826, P. L. 133. 
 
 See notes to the section immediately preceding. 
 
 119. COMMITMENTS BY QUARTER SESSIONS AND OYER 
 AND TERMINER OTHER THAN THE COUNTY OF PHILADEL- 
 PHIA. MAINTENANCE AND INSTRUCTION OF SUCH CHIL- 
 DREN. APPRENTICING OF CHILDREN. CONTROL OF 
 INMATES BY MANAGERS OF INSTITUTION. The man- 
 agers of the house of refuge, shall receive into the same, 
 such children who shall be convicted in the coutt of oyer and 
 terminer or quarter sessions of any county except the county of 
 Philadelphia, or mayors court of any city except the city of Phila- 
 delphia, of any otfence which under the existing laws would be pun- 
 ished by imprisonment in the penitentiary, as may t)e in the judg- 
 ment of the said courts deemed proper objects for the house of refuge ; 
 and the children so received, shall be clothed, maintained and in- 
 structed by the said managers, at the public expense of the proper 
 county; and the accounts of the said children shall be kept by the 
 managers, in the same manner that the accounts of convicts in the 
 
penitentiary are now directed to be kept by the inspectors thereof, 
 and the said managers of the house of refuge shall have power to 
 place the said children committed to their care during the minority 
 of the said children, at such employments, and cause them to be in- 
 structed m such branches of useful knowledge as may be suitable to 
 their years and capacities; and they shall have power, in their 
 discretion to bind out the said children with their consent 
 as apprentices during their minority, to such persons, and 
 at such places, to learn such proper trades and employments 
 as m their judgment will be most conducive to the refor- 
 mation and amendment and will tend to the future benefit and 
 advantage of such children: Provided, That the charge and power 
 of the said managers, upon and over the said children,' shall not ex- 
 tend in the case of females beyond the age of eighteen years: And 
 provided, That this section shall not be construed to apply to chil- 
 dren received into the said house of refuge, from the city and county 
 of Philadelphia, or to repeal or affect the sixth section of an act, en- 
 titled "An act to incorporate the subscribers to the articles r>t asso- 
 ciation, for the purpose of establishing and conducting an institution 
 for the confinement and reformation of youthful delinquents, under 
 the title of " 'the house of refuge' " passed the twenty-third day of 
 March, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-six. 
 Sec. i. Act of March 2, 1827, P. L. 76. 
 
 It was attempted to repeal this section by the third section of the 
 Act of January 10, 1867, P. L. 1371. This repealing clause, however, was 
 later held to be inefeective on account of being unconstitutional. Bouse 
 of Refuge v. Luzerne Co., US Pa. J,29. 
 
 This section so far as it relates to the power and charge of the man- 
 agers over females is repealed by section 7, Act of AprU 11, 1850, P. L 
 448, supra section 116. 
 
 120. COMMITMENTS BY COURTS OF COMMON PLEAS OF 
 THE EASTEEN DISTRICT OTHER THAN PHILADELPHIA 
 In addition to the cases provided for hj the fourth section of the act' 
 entitled "An act to endow the House of Refuge, and for other pur- 
 poses therein mentioned," passed the second day of March one thou- 
 sand eight hundred and twenty-seven, (P. L. 76), the managers of 
 The House of Refuge" shall receive under their care and guardian- 
 ship, infants under the age of twenty-one years, committed to their 
 custody by two judges, tie president judge being one, of the court 
 of common pleas of any county in the eastern district of Pennsyl- 
 vania, (which said district shall embrace all the counties of the Com- 
 monwealth from which infants cannot be sent to the "House of 
 Eefuge of Western Pennsylvania,") except the county of Philadel- 
 phia m which said infant resides or may be found, on complaint 
 and due proof made to them by the parent, guardian, or next friend 
 of such infant, that such infant is unmanageable and beyond the 
 
 64 
 
control of the coiuplaiuauL and that the future welfare of said infant 
 requires, that such infant should be placed under the care and guar- 
 dianship of the said managers of the House of Refuge; or when said 
 complaint and due proof shall be made by the prosecuting offlcer of 
 the county, that said infant is unmanageable, or a vagrant, and has 
 no parent, or guardian, capable and willing to restrain, manage, 
 and take proper care of such infant. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of January 26, 1854, P. L. 12, supplementing the Act of March 23, 
 1826, P. L. 133. 
 
 121. HEARllSJGS BEFORE COURTS FOR COMMITMENT OF 
 DELINQUENTS TO HOUSE OF REFUGE OF PHILADELPHIA. 
 TESTIMONY TO BE TAKEN UNDER OATH OR AFFIRMATION 
 AND TO BE SUBMITTED TO MANAGERS OF THE INSTITU- 
 TION. The said judges shall carefully examine the complaint made 
 to them in the presence of the complainant and infant complained 
 of, and for the purpose of bringing the parties and witnesses before 
 them, shall be fully authorized to use such process of the court as may 
 be necessary; and where the said judges shall adjudge an infant to 
 be a proper subject for the care and guardianship of the said mana- 
 gers of the House of Refuge, they shall, in addition to their adjudica;- 
 tion, transmit to the said managers the testimony taken before them, 
 on which their adjudication was founded; and the said testimony 
 shall be talien under oath or affirmation of the witnesses, and in the 
 presence of the party complained of. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of January 26, 1854, P. L, 12, supplementing the Act of March 23, 
 1826, P. L. 133. 
 
 The "said judges" are judges of the court of common pleas of the 
 Eastern district other than Philadelphia. See the section immediately 
 preceding. 
 
 122. POWER OF MANAGERS OVER COMMITTED DELIN- 
 QUENTS. The power and authority of the said managers of the 
 House of Refuge shall be as full and ample, in all respects, over the 
 infants committed to their care and guardianship under this act, as 
 are given and granted to the said managers over infants committed 
 to their care and guai'dianship from the county of Philadelphia, by 
 the said act, entitled "An act to incorporate the subscribers to the 
 articles of association for the purpose of establishing an institution 
 for the confinement and reformation of juvenile delinquents, under 
 the title of 'The House of Refuge.' " (Act of March 23, 1826, P. L. 
 133.) 
 
 Sec 3 Act of January 26, 1854, P. L. 12, supplementing the Act of March 23, 
 1826, P. L. 133. 
 
 65 
 
123. COMMITMENTS BY COUETS OF QUARTER SESSIONS 
 OP THE EASTERN DISTRICT OTHER THAN PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 The managers shall, in their discretion, receive into the House of 
 Refuge such children, as may be convicted of any misdemeanor, or 
 criminal offence, in any court of quarter sessions of any county, other 
 than the county of Philadelphia, in the Eastern District of this Com- 
 monwealth, as shall, in the judgment of the said court, be deemed 
 proper subjects for the care and guardianship of the managers of 
 the house of refuge aforesaid. 
 
 See. 1, Act of January 10, 1867, P. L. 1371, supplementing the Act of March 23, 
 1826, P. L. 135. 
 
 Section 3 of this act was held unconstitutional because there was no 
 notice of its provisions in the title: See House of Refuge v. Luzerne 
 County, 215 Pa., /;29. 
 
 This section and section 2, next succeeding, do not seem to be affected ^ 
 by the decision. 
 
 124. POWER AND AUTHORITY OF MANAGERS OVER CER- 
 TAIN INMATES. The power and authority of the managers of the 
 house of refuge aforesaid, shall be as full and ample, in all respects, 
 over the children committed to their care and guardianship, under 
 this act, as are given and granted to the said managers, over chil- 
 dren committed to their care and guardianship, by the said act, en- 
 titled "An act to incorporate the subscribers to the articles of asso- 
 ciation for the purposis of establishing and conducting an institution 
 for the confinement and reformation of juvenile delinquents, under 
 the title of the House of Refuge. (Act of March 23, 1826, P. L. 133.) 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of January 10, 1867, P. L. 1371, supplementing the Act of March 23, 
 1826, P. L. 135. 
 
 See notes to the section immediately preceding. , 
 
 125. INDENTURING OF CHILDREN COMMITTED. The 
 
 boards of managers of the Houses of Refuge for the reformation of 
 juvenile delinquents, in Philadelphia (and Allegheny) counties, are 
 hereby respectively authorized, whenever they deem it for the in- 
 terest" of any white inmate duly committed to their custody, to bind 
 or indenture such white inmate to service during his or her minority, 
 although the party to whom the indenture may be made may be' a 
 citizen of one of the United States other than this' Commonwealth: 
 Provided, That no such indenture to service out of this Common- 
 ■w-ealth shall be made without the consent first given of said white 
 inmate. 
 See. 1, Act of May 12, 1857, P. L. 454. 
 
 126. OFFICIAL VISITORS OF HOUSE OF REFUGE OF PHIL- 
 ADELPHIA. DUTIES OF VISITORS. INVESTIGATIONS INTO 
 COMMITMENTS. It shall be the duty of the president and legal 
 
 66 
 
associates of the (court of J common pleas of Philadelphia county, 
 the judges of the district court X)f the city and county of Philadel- 
 phia, and the recorder of the city of Philadelphia alternately, in 
 such manner as may be arranged between them, at a joint meeting 
 for that purpose from time to time held, to visit the House of Refuge, 
 at least once in two weeks or oftener, if to the said judges it shall 
 seem requisite; and it shall be the duty of the judge or recorder so 
 visiting the House of Refuge, carefully to examine ;nto all the com- 
 
 _ mitments to the said House of Refuge, made by the aldermen, jus- 
 tices or guardians of the poor aforesaid, that have not previously 
 been adjudged upon by one of the said judges or the recorder in the 
 manner hereinafter directed, which commitments it shall be the duty 
 of the managers of the House of Refuge, truly and correctly, to lay 
 before such judge or recorder, and on such examination, such judge 
 or recorder shall have produced befoie him by the managers afore- 
 said, their superintendent or agent, the infant or infants described 
 in such commitment, and the testimony upon which he or she shall 
 have been adjudged a fit subject for the guardianship of said mana- 
 gers, or on which he or she shall be claimed to be held as such, and 
 if after examining the infant and such testimony, the said judge or 
 recorder shall be of opinion that according to the laws of this Com- 
 monwealth regulating the control of infants, a case has been estab- 
 lished, which in his opinion, would according to law authorize the 
 transfer of the parental authority over such infant to the managers 
 of the House of Refuge, then and in that case it shall be the duty 
 of tlie said judge or recorder to endorse an order on the commitment 
 of the justice or alderman or guardians of the poor, directing the 
 infant to be continued under the guardianship of the managers of 
 the House of. Refuge, after which it shall be lawful for said mana- 
 gers to exercise over all such infants, the powers and authorities 
 
 -given them by the act to which this is a supplement". But if tlie 
 said judge or recorder shall be of opinion that such case has not 
 been made out, he shall order such infant to be forthwith discharged, 
 which order shall be obeyed by the managers, under the pains and 
 penalties pro\'ided by law against wrongful imprisonment: Provided, 
 That it shall be the duty of said judge or recorder, at the request of 
 such infant or any person in his behalf, to transfer such hearing to 
 the court house of the court of which he is a member, in order that 
 the infant may have the benefit of counsel, and of compulsory pro- 
 cess to obtain witnesses, required in his or her behalf, which such 
 judge or recorder is hereby aiithorized to award, as fully and amply 
 as any judge or court could do on the hearing of a writ of habeas 
 corpus: And provided also. That nothing in this act contained shall 
 be construed to interefere with the provisions of an act, entitled 
 "An act for the better securing of personal liberty and preventing 
 
 ^7 
 
unlawful imprisonment," passed on tlie eighteenth day of February, 
 
 one thousand seven hundred and eighty-five, (2 Sm. 275; -Vol. XI, 
 
 page 427,) commonly called the habeas corpus act. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of April 10, 1835, P. L. 133, supplementing the Act of March 23, 
 1826, P. L. 133. 
 
 For provisions as to visitation of institutions in general, see chapter 
 on "Visitors and Visitation," infra Chapter X. 
 
 127. INSPECTOKS OF COUNTY PRISON OF PHILADEL- 
 PHIA MAY DELIVER COLORED CONVICTS TO COLORED- 
 HOUSE OF REFUGE OF PHILADELPHIA. It shall and may be 
 lawful for the inspectors of the prisons of the county of Philadelphia, 
 under the direction of the court of quarter sessions, to transfer and 
 deliver to the managers of the Colored House of Refuge of the city 
 and county of Philadelphia, with their assent, any colored convicts, 
 under the age of twenty-one committed to said prison; and when so 
 transferred, they shall be dealt with as, other minors committed and 
 delivered to the said managers. 
 
 Sec. 6) Act of April 25, 1850, P. L. 569. 
 
 Quaere: Whether this institution is the House of Refuge of Philadel 
 phia, nov? Glen Mills Schools? 
 
 128. INDENTURING OF COLORED INMATES OF HOUSE OF 
 REFUGE OF PHILADELPHIA. The board of managers of the 
 House of Refuge, for the reformation of juvenile delinquents, in Phila- 
 delphia, are hereby authorized whenever they may deem it for the 
 interest of any colored inmate duly committed to their custody, to 
 bind or indenture such colored inmate to service during his or her 
 minority, although the party to whom the indenture may be made 
 may be a citizen of one of the United States, other than this Com- 
 monwealth : Provided, That no such indenture to service out of this 
 Commonwealth, shall be made without the consent first given of such 
 colored inmate: Provided further. That the said board of managers 
 are not permitted to bind such colored inmates to persons residing 
 within slave states. 
 
 • Sec. 1, Act of April 22, 1858, P. L. 452, No. 4.53. 
 See notes to section immediately preceding. 
 (C) County Schools and County Industrial Homes. 
 
 (1) County schools for the care, maintenance and instruction of male 
 children committed by juvenile courts . 
 
 129. CERTAIN COUNTIES TO ESTABLISH SCHOOLS FOR 
 CARE, MAINTENANCE AND INSTRUCTION OF MALE CHIL- 
 DREN COMMITTED BY JUVENILE COURTS. In each county of 
 this Commonwealth, now or hereafter containing a population of not 
 less than tliree hundred thousand inhabitants, and not more than 
 one million two hundred thousand inhabitants, as ascertained by the 
 United States census, there shall be established a school, properly 
 
 68 
 
. ^lyiPPed for the care, maintenance, and instruction of such male 
 children as shall come within the provisions hereof. Such schools 
 shall be supplementary to the school system of the Commonwealth, 
 shall be kept open during the entire year, and shall be established 
 on the cottage home plan. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 11, 1911, P. L. 262, amending Sec. 1, Act of May 1, 1909, 
 P. L. 302. 
 
 130. CONSTEUCTION OF BUILDINGS. PLAYGROUNDS. 
 WELPAEE OF CHILDREN TO BE PROVIDED FOR. The build- 
 ings for said schools shall be substantially constructed and ade- 
 quately lighted and ventilated, and provided with baths, playrooms, 
 sleeping-rooms, and kitchens; and there shall be adequate provisions 
 for playgrounds, as well as provisions for instruction in the common 
 branches, and for manual and moral training; to the end that said 
 schools shall as far as possible, during the period of detention, ade- 
 quately provide for the mental, moral, and physical welfare and ad- 
 vancement of the children therein detained. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 1, 1909, P. L. 302. 
 
 131. SCHOOLS TO BE ESTABLISHED UPON FARMS. CON- 
 DEMNATION OP LAND. The schools herein provided for shall be 
 established upon farms, ^ithin or without the limits of the said 
 counties; and for said purpose such counties may acquire land by 
 purchase or condemnation, with the same power and under the same 
 procedure as land is now acquired within the limits of school dis- 
 tricts for school purposes, under the acts of Assembly in such case 
 made and provided ; the) board of managers of said school exercising 
 the authoritiy exercised by school directors for said purposes, but no 
 county shall exercise the power of condemnation except within the 
 territorial limits of such county. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of May 1, 1909, P. L. 302. 
 
 132. SUPERINTENDENT TO PRESIDE QVER INSTITUTION. 
 PAROLE OF INMATES. APPREHENSION AND RETURN. Such 
 schools shall be presided over by a superintendent, who shall be a 
 person trained in educational and social work, and shall have a power 
 of detention over the children committed thereto. When any boy com- 
 mitted to said schools shall have attained a condition of mental and 
 moral advancement satisfactory to the superintendent and board of 
 managers, they shall so certify to the juvenile court which has com- 
 mitted him to said school; whereupon the said court may order his 
 release upon parole, under conditions which shall be prescribed by 
 said board of managers, subject to the approval and direction of the 
 court; and in case the conduct of such boy released upon parole shall 
 be such as to satisfy the board of managers that a further period of 
 training is necessary said board shall have the power, through its 
 
 69 . 
 
agent or agents, at any time during his minority, to apprehend and 
 return him to said school, where he shall remain subject to the same 
 control as when originally committed, and in such case it shall be the 
 duty of the superintendent, immediately, to notify the said court 
 thereof. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 20, 1913, P. L. 263, amending Sec. i. Act of May 1, 1909, 
 P. L. 302. 
 
 133. APPOINTMENT OF BOARD OF MANAGERS. TERMS. 
 REPORTS. VACANCIES. REMOVAL. TO RECEIVE NO COM- 
 PENSATION BUT EXPENSES. Such school shall be established 
 and managed by a board of rdanagers. The judges of the court or 
 courts of common pleas of such county shall appoint nine of said 
 managers, who, with the county commissioners of such county, shall 
 constitute said board. Under the first appointment, three of said 
 managers shall be appointed to ser\'e for one year, three for two 
 years, and three for three years, and thereafter three shall be ap- 
 pointed annually, to serve for a term of three years. The time of the 
 commencement of the terms of said managers shall be fixed by said 
 judges, but shall not be later than July first, following the date of 
 approval hereof. The board of managers shall as often as required, 
 at least once every six months, report to the said judges, in the form 
 by them prescribed. Said judges shall also have power to fill any 
 vacancies in said board of managers, for unexpired terms, as well as 
 the power, in their discretion, to remove any of said managers ap- 
 pointed by them, at any time, and to fill the vacancies thereby 
 created. Said managers shall receive no compensation, but the neces- 
 sary expenses incurred in the performance of their duties shall be 
 paid. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of May 11, 1911, JP. L. 262, amending Sec. 5, Act of May 1, 1909, 
 P. L. 302. 
 
 134. WHO TO BE COMMITTED TO SUCH SCHOOLS. Said 
 school shall receive boys upon the commitment of the juvenile court 
 of such county; and such school may, upon a proper compensation 
 being arranged for, receive boys committed thereto by the juvenile 
 courts of counties other than that by which said school is maintained. 
 
 See. 6, Act of May 1, 1909, P. L. 302. 
 
 In view of the provisions of section 10 of the Act of April 23, 1903, P. 
 L. 274, supra section 39, which provides as follows: "It shall not be 
 lawful to commit the custody of any neglected or dependent child * * 
 * * * * to any institution of correction or reformation in which de- 
 linquent children are received. Nor shall any delinquent child be com- 
 mitted to any institution in which dependent or neglected^ children are re- 
 ceived," male delinquent children only, should be committed to such school. 
 
 135. COUNTIES TO PAY FOR ESTABLISHMENT AND 
 MAINTENANCE OP SCHOOLS. ANNUAL ESTIMATES AND 
 APPROPRIATIONS. BOND ISSUES. IN CASE OF DISPUTES 
 
 -70 
 
COURTS TO CERTIFY AMOUiv'T OF APPROPRIATIONS RE- 
 QUIRED. The counties hereby required to establish and maintain 
 schools, as aforesaid, shall pay for the establishment and mainte- 
 nance thereof out of the general county funds. On or before the fif- 
 teenth day of January of each year, the said board of managers shall 
 make up an estimate of the amount of money required during the 
 ensuing calendar year for the acquiring of lands, making of improve- 
 ments,' equipment and maintenance of such school, during the 
 ensuing calendar year; which estimate shall be certified to the 
 county commissioners, in order that they may make provision for 
 thje maintenance of said school in the annual tax levy; and for the 
 establishment, extension, improvement, or equipment thereof, either 
 in the annual tax levy or by issue of bonds, as the county commis- 
 sioners shall deem wise. Should the said board and the said com- 
 missioners differ in' their judgment as to any amount of money re- 
 quired, as aforesaid, the matter shall be submitted to a court of 
 common pleas of said county, which court, after investigation, shall 
 certify the amount required, and its decision shall be final. 
 
 See. 1, Act of March 15, 1911, P. L. 18, amending Sec. 7, Act of May 1, 
 1909, P. L. 302. 
 
 136. APPROPRIATIONS TO SCHOOL. AUDIT. The county 
 commissioners of any county in this Commonwealth having a popu- 
 lation of not less than seven hundred fifty thousand, nor more than 
 twelve hundred thousand, inhabitants, are hereby authorized and 
 empowered, from time to time, upon the written request of the 
 board of managers of any of the juvenile school or farm contained 
 therein, as established by the act of Assembly approved the first 
 day of May, one thousand nine hundred and nine, (P. L. 302,) en- 
 titled "An act requiring counties now or hereafter containing a popu- 
 lation of not less than seven hundred and fifty thousand, and not 
 more than one million two hundred thousand inhabitants, to estab- 
 lish and maintain schools for the care and education of male chil- 
 dren under the jurisdiction of the juvenile courts, and conferring 
 the powers and regulating the proceedings for the establishment, 
 maintenance, and management thereof," and the various supplements 
 thereto, to turn over to said board of managers, for the maintenance, 
 equipment and construction of f^aid juvenile school or farm, from 
 the amounts appropriated thereto during each fiscal year, from time 
 to time, sums of money, not less than ten thousand dollars (|10,000) 
 each time, by warrantarawn on the county treasurer, to be first 
 countersigned by the county controller, in such form as may be now 
 used for the disbursement of funds for general county purposes; and 
 all of such moneys, expended on account of said school by said 
 board of managers, shall be accounted for to. and be subject to audit 
 
 71 
 
by, the county controllei- in eacli of said counties, in manner now 
 provided by law. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 20, 1913, P. L. 262. 
 
 137. TEACHEES. SALARIES OF TEACHERS. Said board of 
 managers shall determine the number of teachers and other persons 
 necessary for the proper conduct of the said school, and shall fix the 
 salaries to be paid to them as well as to the superintendent afore- 
 said. 
 
 Sec. 8, Act of May 1, 1909, P. L. 302. 
 
 138. OFFICERS OP BOARD OP MANAGERS. EXPEIs^SES OF 
 SCHOOL HOW PAID. ALLOWANCE TO INMATES. Said board 
 of managers shall annually elect, fiom their own number, a president 
 and a sectetary. The said president and secretary, upon direction 
 of the board, shall issue certificates for aU moneys to be paid for the 
 purposes of the said school, which certificates shall be exchangeable 
 at the office of the county commissioners for such form of warrants 
 or orders as may be in use for thte disbursements of funds for general 
 county purposes ; and all moneys expended on account of said schools 
 shall be paid and accounted for in the same manner as moneys ex- 
 pended for general county purposes. Any moneys realized from the 
 sale of any products of said schools, or the farms connected therewith, 
 shall be paid into the couny treasury, and become a part of the general 
 county fund; but the said board of managers, in its discretion, may 
 provide for allowing a portion of the earnings of said school to be 
 paid to the boys producing the same. 
 
 Sec. 9, Act of May 1, 1909, P. L. 302. 
 
 (2) ^ County Schools for the Care, Maintenance and Instruction of 
 Female Children Committed by Juvenile Courts. 
 
 139. CERTAIN COUNTIES TO ESTABLISH SCHOOLS FOR 
 CARE, MAINTENANCE AND INSTRUCTION OF FEMALE CHIL- 
 DREN COMMITTED BY JUVENILE COURTS. In each county of 
 this Cominonwealth now or hereafter containing a population of not 
 less than seven hundred and fifty thousand, and not more than one 
 
 ■ mUUon two hundred thousand, inhabitants, as ascertained by the 
 United States census, there shall be established a school properly 
 equipped for the care, maintenance, and instruction of such female 
 children as shall come within the provisions hereof. Such schools 
 shall be supplementary to the sphool system of the Commonwealth, 
 shall be kept open during the entire year, and shall be established 
 on the cottage home plan. 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 72 
 
140. OONSTRUGTION OF BUILDINGS. PLAYGROUNDS. 
 WELFARE OF CHILDREN TO BE PROVIDED FOR. The build- 
 ings for said schools shall be substantially constructed, and adequately 
 lighted and \entilated, and piovided with baths, playrooms, sleeping 
 rooms, and kitchens ; and there shall be adequate provisions for play- 
 grounds, as well as provisions for instruction in the common branches, 
 and for manual, domestic, and moral training; to the end that said 
 schools shall, as far as possible, during the period of detention, 
 adequately provide for the mental, moral, and physical welfare and 
 advancement of the children therein detained. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 141. SCHOOLS TO BE ESTABLISHED UPON FARMS. CON- 
 DEMNATION OF LAND. The schools herein provided for shall be 
 established upon farms, within the limits of the said counties; and 
 for said purpose such counties may acquire as much land as shall 
 be necessary, by purchase or condemnation, with the same power 
 and under the same procedure as land is now acquired within the 
 limits of school districts for school purposes, under the acts of 
 Assembly in such case made and provided ; the board of managers of 
 said school exercising the authority exercised by school directors for 
 said purposes. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 142. FEMALE SUPERINTENDENT. PAROLE OF INMATES. 
 APPREHENSION AND RETURN. Such school shall be presided 
 over by a female superintendent, who shall be a person trained in 
 educational and social work, and shall have the power of detention 
 over the children committed thereto. When any girl committed to 
 said schools shall have attained a condition of mental and moral ad- 
 vancement satisfactory to the superintendent and board of managers, 
 they shall so certify to the juvenile court which has committed her 
 to said school, whereupon the said court may order her release upon 
 parole, under conditions which shall be prescribed by said board of 
 managers, subject to the approval and direction of the court; and in 
 case the conduct of such girl released upon parole shall be such as to 
 satisfy the board of managers that a further period of training is 
 necessary, said board shall have the power, through its agent or 
 agents, at any time during her minority, to apprehend and return her 
 to said school, where she shall remain subject to the same control as 
 when originally committed; and in such case it shall be the duty 
 of the superintendent immediately to notify the said court thereof. 
 
 Sec. 4, Act of May 5, 1915, P. Iv. 244. 
 
 143. BOARD OF MANAGERS. TERMS OF OFFICE. RE- 
 PORTS. VACANCIES. REMOVAL. BOARD TO RECEIVE NO 
 COMPENSATION BUT EXPENSES. Such school shall be estab- 
 
 73 
 
lished and managed by a board of nine managers, of whom five shall 
 be women. The judges of the court or courts of common pleas of such 
 county shall appoint said managers. Upon the first appointment, 
 three of said managers shall be appointed to serve for one year, three 
 for two years, and three for three years ; and thereafter three shall be 
 appointed annually, to serve for a term of three years. The time of 
 the commencement of the term of said managers shall be fixed by said 
 judges, but shall not be later than July the first. Anno Domini one 
 thousand nine hundred and fifteen. 
 
 The board "of managers shall, as often as required, at least once 
 every six months, report to the said judges in the form by them pre- 
 scribed. Said judges shall also have power to fill any vacancies in 
 said board of managers, for unexpired terms, as well as the power, in 
 their discretion, to remove any of said managers appointed by them, 
 at any time, and to fill the vacancies thereby created. Said managers 
 shall receive no compensation, but the necessary expenses incurred in 
 the performance of their duties shall be paid. 
 
 Sec. 5, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 144. WHO MAY BE COMMITTED TO SCHOOL. Said school 
 shall receive girls upon the commitment of the juvenile court of such 
 county; and such school may, upon a proper compensation being 
 arranged for, receive girls committed thereto by the juvenile courts 
 of counties other than that by which said school is maintained. 
 
 ■ Sec. 6, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 , In view of the provisions of section 10 of the Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274, supra section 39, which provides as follows: "It shall not be 
 lawful to commit the custody of any neglected or dependent child * * 
 * * * to any institution of correction or reformation in which de- 
 linquent chilren are received, nor shall any delinquent child be committed 
 to any institution in which dependent or neglected children are received," 
 female delinquent children only should be committed to such school. 
 
 145. SCHOOLS HOW MAINTAINED. ESTIMATES AND AP- 
 PROPRIATIONS. BOND ISSUES. IN CASE OF DISPUTES, 
 COURTS TO CERTIFY AMOUNT OF APPROPRIATIONS RE- 
 QUIRED. The counties hereby required to establish and maintain 
 schools, as aforesaid, shall pay for tlie establishment and mainte- 
 nance thereof out of the general county funds. On or before the 
 fifteenth day of January of each year, the said board of managers 
 shall make up an estimate of the amount of money required during 
 the ensuing calendar year,- for the acquiring of lands, making of im- 
 provements, equipment, and maintenance of such school during the 
 ensuing calendar year ; which estimate shall be certified to the county 
 commissioners, in order that they make provision for the maintenance 
 of said school in the annual tax levy ; and for the establishment, ex- 
 tension, improvement, or equipment thereof, either in the annual tax 
 levy or by issue of bonds, as the county commissioners shall deem 
 
 74 
 
wise. Should the said board aud the said commissioners differ in 
 their judgment as to any amount of money required, as aforesaid, 
 the matter shall be submitted to a court of common pleas of said 
 county, which court, after investigation, shall certify the amount 
 required, and its decision shall be final. The said county commis- 
 sioners may also, upon the request of said board of managers, prior 
 to the year nineteen hundred and sixteen, issue bonds for the establish- 
 ment of such school, or appropriate to tiie same or to the maintenance 
 thereof, out of the county treasury, such sums as they may find it 
 convenient to so expend. Any bonds issued for the purposes aforesaid 
 shall be issued in compliance with the existing law covering the issue 
 of bonds by county commissioners, for the erection or repair of public 
 buildings. 
 Sec. 7, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 146. TEACHERS. Said board of managers shall determine the 
 number of teachers and other persons necessary for. the proper conduct 
 of the said school, and shall fix the salaries to be paid to them as well 
 as to the superintendent aforesaid. 
 
 Sec. 8, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 147. PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY OF BOARD OF MAN- 
 AGERS. Said board of managers shall annually elect from their own 
 number a president and a secretary. 
 
 Sec. 9, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 148. , APPROPRIATIONS. AUDIT. Upon tiie written request of 
 said board of managers, certified to them by its president and^ secre- 
 tary, the county commissioners of the said counties are empowered to 
 pay over to said board, from time to time, out of the amounts ap- 
 propriated for each fiscal year, as aforesaid, for the establishment, 
 construction, extension, improvement, equipment, and maintenance of 
 said school, sums of not less than five thousand (|5,000.00) dollars, 
 by warrant draWn on the county treasurer and countersigned by the 
 county controller of the proper county, in the form now in use for 
 the disbursement of funds for general county purposes. And all of 
 such funds, expended on account of said school by its said board of 
 managers, shall be accounted for to, and be subject to audit by, the 
 county controller of the proper county, in the manner now provided 
 by law. 
 Sec. 10, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 149. MONEYS REALIZED FROM SALE OP PRODUCTS. IN- 
 MATES MAY RECEIVE EARNINGS. Any moneys realized from 
 the sale of any products of said schools or the farms connected there- 
 with shall be paid into the county treasury, and become a part of 
 the general connty fund; but the said board of managers, in its 
 
 75 
 
discretion, may provide for allowiug a portion of the earnings of said 
 school to be paid to the girls producing the same. 
 Sec. U, Act of May 5, 1915, P. L. 244. 
 
 (3) County Industrial Homes for the Care and Training of Children. 
 
 150. ESTABLISHMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HOMES BY COUN- 
 TIES FOE CARE AND TRAINING OF CHILDREN. It shall be 
 lawful for any county or for two or more counties in this Common- 
 wealth acting together, to establish and maintain an industrial home 
 for the care and training of children; but such institution or home 
 shall be remote from any almshouse or poorhouse, and entirely dis- 
 connected from the same, and under separate management from the 
 keeper of the poorhouse. 
 
 See. 3, Act of June 13, 1883, P. L. HI. 
 
 (D) Municipal Institutions. 
 
 (1) House of Correction, Employment and Reformation of Phila- 
 delphia . 
 
 151. TRANSFER OF INMATES FROM BLOCKLEY AND 
 COUNTY PRISON. COMMITMENT OF VAGRANTS, HABITUAL 
 DRUNKARDS, STREET WALKERS AND DISORDERLY PER- 
 SONS. (MINORS). TRANSFER OP INMATES OF POOR- 
 HOUSES. (Whenever the managers of the house of correction, em- 
 ployment and reformation shall desire to make any additional perma- 
 nent improvement, or purchase additional ground, and shall recom- 
 mend that the same be done, and after the committee of councils of 
 Phladelphia on house of correction shall endorse the said recomme^nda- 
 tion, then the councils of the city of Philadelphia shall make all 
 necessary appropriations asked for by the said managers, for the 
 purposes so recommended ; and the managers of the house of correc- 
 tion, employment and reformation shall have power to superintend 
 and direct the erection, completion and furnishing of said buildings 
 during the progress of the said work. The said managers may extend 
 from their property a single track railroad along and -over such lands 
 as may intervene between their ground and the Philadelphia and 
 Trenton Railroad Company, and connect therewith: Provided, The 
 said railroad company assent thereto, (the distance of the said road 
 not to exceed two thousand yards,) and to purchase right of way over 
 the land to Philadelphia and Trenton railroad, and to erect wharves 
 upon their property; the managers may provide for such inmates 
 as may be necessary to aid in the construction of the permanent 
 building, and after the two first wings have been furnished,) the said 
 board of managers shall have full and entire control to regulate the 
 inmates therein, and shallat such time as they think proper, certify to 
 the court of quarter sessions and to the board of managers of the 
 
 76 
 
Blockley almshouse, which court and managers and the inspectois 
 01 the Philadelphia county prison respectively thereafter commit 
 to the said house of correction, employment and reformation, such 
 able-bodied paupers and vagrants as may have been committed or 
 sentenced to be confined in the county prison or Blockley almshouse 
 for a period of not less than three months; and it shall be the duty 
 of the said judges of the court of quarter sessions and the inspectors 
 of the Philadelphia county prison to commit to said house of correc- 
 tion, employment and reformation, all vagrants, habitual drunkards, 
 street walkers and disorderly persons, (adult or) minors, whom they 
 may deem best to so confine ; and it shall be the duty of the managers 
 of the Blockley almshouse, managers of the poor for township of 
 Germantown, managers of Lower Dublin and Oxford poor house, to 
 transfer, within twenty-four hours after entrance in said almshouse, 
 all ablebodied paupers, (adults or) minors, except such as may be 
 necessary to employ in the service of said almshouses. 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 2, 1871, P. I.. 1301. 
 
 152. COMMITMENT T6 INSTITUTION. INSTRUCTION AND 
 BINDING OUT OP INMATES. The managers of the house of cor- 
 rection, employment and reformation, or any one of them, may commit 
 thereto any and all persons who are willing to be so committed ; and 
 title mayor and recorder of the city of Philadelphia, the inspectors 
 of the county prison, and all committing magistrates in the city and 
 county of Philadelphia, may and they are hereby authorized to commit 
 to said house of correction, employment and reformation, for any 
 period of time not less than three nor more than twelve months, all 
 or any person or persons'who, under existing laAvs, are liable to be 
 committed to places of confinement, who shall apply to them for such 
 purpose; all persons, (adults or) minors, that may hereafter be 
 convicted, according to the existing laws of this Commonwealth, 
 before the mayor or recorder, or any alderman of the city of Phila- 
 delphia, as a vagrant, drunkard or disorderly street walker, shall be 
 sentenced to suffer confinement in the said house of correction, em- 
 ployment or reformaj:ion for the terms hereinafter mentioned, and 
 to be fed, clothed and treated in the manner hereinafter mentioned; 
 and any minors not under sixteen years of age, except by permission 
 of the board of managers, absenting themselves from school, or who 
 shall disobey their parents' command, or be found idle in tlie streets, 
 may be arrested, upon the complaint of the parents of said minor, 
 or upon the complaint of any citizen, and after the examination of 
 the case, if the mayor, recorder or magistrate shall deem the charges 
 sustained, he shall commit said minor to the house of correction, 
 employment and reformation for such length of time as he may regard 
 proper: Provided, That the time of incarceration for a boy shall not 
 exceed his maturity, twenty-one years of age, nor a girl beyond the 
 
 77 
 
age of eighteen years, except in cases where a commitment for the 
 time heretofore named, of not less than three months, nor more than 
 twelve months, would exceed the ages specified; and managers shall 
 have power, in their discretion, to place the said children committed 
 to their care, during the time of commitment of the said children, at 
 such employments, and cause them to be instructed in such branches 
 of useful knowledge as may be suited to their years and capacities, 
 and to place them at such work as they may be able to do, and to 
 bind them* out to such tradesmen or employers as may offer to receive 
 them until the expiration of their commitment, under such regulations 
 and conditions as the managers may agree upon. 
 Sec. 3, Act of June 2, 1871, P. L. 1301. 
 
 153. COMMITMENT OP CEETAIN CHILDEEN OVER THE 
 AGE OF SIXTEEN. All children, not under the age of sixteen years, 
 deserting their homes without good and sufllcient cause, or keeping 
 company with dissolute or vicious persons, against the lawful com- 
 mands of their fathers, mothers or guardians, or other person stand- 
 ing in the place of a parent, shall be deemed disorderly children. 
 
 Sec. i. Act of June 2, 1871, P. L. 1301. 
 
 Part of the jurisdiction of the Municipal Court of Philadelphia seems to 
 be conferred with a view of embracing those cases in which convicted 
 persons were formerly sentenced to the House of Correction, Employ- 
 ment and Reformation in Philadelphia by the mayor and aldermen of 
 this city. The jurisdiction above referred to, which is exclusive, is 
 found in the Act of June 17, 1915, P. L. 1017, amending section 11, 
 of the Act of July 12, 1913, P. L. 711, and is as follows: 
 
 "(c) In all proceedings concerning, or trials of charges brought against, 
 all persons, whether adults or minors, accused of disorderly street- 
 walking. 
 
 (d) In all proceedings concerning, or trials of charges brought against, 
 aU minors between the ages of sixteen and twenty-one years who shall 
 disobey their parents' command, or be found idle in the streets, and 
 against aU disorderly children. 
 
 (e) AU children not under the age of sixteen years deserting their homes 
 without good and sufficient cause, or keeping company with dissolute or 
 vicious persons, against the lawful commands of their fathers, mothers 
 or guardians, or other person standing in the place of a parent, shall be 
 deemed disorderly children." 
 
 154. COMPLAINT AND ARREST OF CHILDREN OVER THE 
 AGE OF SIXTEEN. Upon complaint made on oath to any police 
 magistrate or justice of the peace against any child within the city 
 of Philadelphia, not under the age of sixteen, by his or her parent or 
 guardian, or other person standing to him or her in place of a parent, 
 as being disorderly, such magistrate or justice shall issue his warrant 
 for the apprehension of the offender, and cause him or her to be 
 
 78 
 
brought before himself or any other police magistrate or justice for 
 examination. 
 
 Sec. 5, Act of June 2, 1871, P. L. 1301. 
 
 .155. PEOCEEDINGS BEFORE MAGISTRATES AND JUS- 
 TICES, FOR COMMITMENT OF MINORS. APPEALS BY PER 
 SONS COMMITTED. If such magistrate or justice be satisfied, by 
 competent testimony, that such person is a disorderly child within 
 the description aforesaid, he shall make up and sign a record of con- 
 viction thereof, and shall, by warrant, under his hand, commit such 
 person to the house of correction, employment and reformation; 
 and the powers and duties of the said managers in relation to the 
 said children shall be the same in all things as are prescribed as 
 to other minors received by them; and it shall be the duty of such 
 magistrate or justice as aforesaid, in addition to the record of con- 
 viction, to annex the names and residfence of the different witnesses 
 examined before him, and the substance of the testimony given by 
 them respectively on which the said conviction was founded: Pro- 
 vided, That any person committed shall have the same right of appeal 
 as is now secured by law to persons convicted of criminal offences; 
 but no such appeal mere informality in the issuing of any warrant 
 shall not be held to be sufficient cause for granting a discharge. 
 
 Sec. 6, Act of June 2, 1871, P. L. 1301. 
 
 Since the Act of March 26, 1903, P. L. 66, supra section 34, justices 
 of the peace and magistrates no longer have the power to commit minors 
 under the age of sixteen. 
 
 156. HABEAS CORPUS. Any person committed to the said 
 house of correction, employment and reformation, by any other au- 
 thority than the court of quarter sessions of the peace of the city and 
 county of Philadelphia, may apply for a writ of habeas corpus to any 
 judge of the said court, and upon return thereof, if such judge shall 
 deem there is sufficient or reiisonable ground for granting the same, 
 he shall enter upon a re^hearing of the evidence, and either discharge 
 the individual, modify or confirm the commitment. 
 
 Sec. 13, Act of June 2, 1871, P. h. 1301. 
 
 157. EMPLOYMENT OF INMATES OP INSTITUTION. Every 
 person in the custody of the said board of managers, not disqualified 
 by sickness or casualty, shall be employed by the superintendent in 
 quarrying stone, cultivating the ground, manufacturing such articles 
 as may be needed for the prison, almshouse, other public institution of 
 the State or city, or for other persons, and at such other labor as 
 shall, upon trial, be found to be profitable to the institution, and 
 suitable to its proper discipline and to the health and capacities 
 of the inmates; and the superintendent may detail such numbers of 
 
 79 
 
the inmates as lie may regard pioper to do the work, outside of 
 grounds of the institution, for any of the departments or institutions 
 of the city, or for such other persons as may be approved by the board 
 of managers. 
 
 Sec. 7, Act of June 2, 1871, P. L. 1301. 
 
 158. PENALTY UPON INMATES REFUSING OR NEGLECT- 
 ING TO WORK. RECORDS TO BE KEPT. EXAMINATION OF 
 SUCH INMATES BY PHYSICIAN. If any person committed to 1^e 
 said house of correction, employment and reformation, according to 
 law, shall refuse or neglect to perform the work assigned to him or 
 her, it shall be the duty of the superintendent to punish such persons 
 by close confinement, on a diet of bread and water only, for such time 
 as may be deemed necessary; which refusal and punishment shall be 
 forthwith reported to the managers, and shall, by the clerk of the 
 board, be recorded in a book to be kept for that purpose; it shall be 
 the duty of the physician of the institution to visit every person, so 
 confined for punishment, at least once in each and every twenty-four 
 hours, and he shall record, in a book to be kept for that purpose, his 
 opinion upon the health of the person confined ; upon his opinion being 
 given of said confinement acting injuriously thereon, the said con- 
 finement or diet shall be altered in such manner as he shall direct. 
 
 Sec. 8, Act of June 2, 1871, P. L. 1301. 
 
 159. MISDEMEANOR BY INMATES. PENALTY. Any inmate 
 of said institution who shall wilfully break, destroy or injure any 
 material, machinery, tool, property oi* thing belonging to the said 
 institution, or shall escape therefrom, shall be deemed guilty of a 
 misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof before any court of record 
 of the county of Philadelphia, may be punished by imprisonment at 
 hard labor for not less than one montli or more than one year. 
 
 Sec. 9, Act of June 2, 187i, P. L. 1301. 
 
 (E) Miscellaneous Institutions. 
 
 (1) Homes for Friendless Children. 
 
 160. HOMES FOR FRIENDLESS MAY PETITION COURTS 
 FOR COUNTY, AID. The board of trustees and the board of man- 
 agers, or a majority of each thereof, of any school, commonly known 
 as a home for friendless children, or institution for the purpose of 
 educating and providing for friendless, destitute or vagrant children, 
 now formed, organized or established, or that may hereafter be formed, 
 organized or established in this Commonwealth, not of a denomina- 
 tional or sectarian character, shall have the right to petition the 
 judge or judges of the court of common pleas of the county in which 
 said school or institution is located, asking for a decree authorizing 
 and directing the payment of moneys out of the funds of said county, 
 
 80 
 
for the education and support of the children of such school or in- 
 stitution ; said petition shall set forth, under the Oath or aflarmation 
 of the president of the board of trustees and the president of the 
 board of managers of such school or institution, the number of chil- 
 dren cared for during the current year, the number of children bound 
 out or apprenticed, and the age and sex of- the same, the income and 
 expenditures of such school or institution, the cost of educating and 
 maintaining the children per "capita, and such other matter relative 
 to tie wants and condition of the school or institution,. and the wel- 
 fare and advancement of the children, as the said court may direct 
 for its information. 
 Sec. 1, Act of April 12, 1875, P. L. 46, No. 51. 
 
 See infra section 205 relating to visitation by official visitors. 
 
 161. POWEES OF COURT WITH RESPECT OP PAYMENT OP 
 MONEYS BY COUNTIES TO HOMES FOR FRIENDLESS. MAN- 
 NER OF PAYMENT. The court of common pleas have the power, and 
 it shall be their duty, on the presentation of a petition as provided for 
 ■in the preceding section, after full investigation of the same, to order 
 and direct the commissioners of the county or city in which such 
 school or institution is situate, to pay to the treasurer of such school 
 or institution, out of the county funds, such sum or sums of money and 
 in such installments as in the discretion of the said court may be 
 deemed just and necessary; and it shall be the duty of the said com- 
 missioners to draw their warrant upon the county or city treasurer 
 for the payment of such appropriation in such manner and form 
 as shall be provided for by the said court. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of April 12, 1875, P. L. 46, No. 51. 
 
 162. APPOINTMENT OF TRUSTEES AND MANAGERS. 
 ITEMIZED ACCOUNTS. PUBLICATION OF ACCOUNTS. 
 AUDIT AND SETTLEMENT OF ACCOUNTS. The court of com- 
 mon pleas shall appoint one-third in number of the trustees and 
 managers of any such school or institution accepting the benefits 
 of this act; (and shall have power,) to require the treasurer of any 
 such school or institution to furnish the county or city commissioners 
 an itemized account of the receipts and expenditures of such school or 
 institution at the end of each fiscal year; to advertise the same in 
 not less than two weekly newspapers published in the county, sup- 
 porting any such school or institution, one insertion weekly, for four 
 successive weeks; and to require the county auditors, controllers or 
 city controllers, of any city or county, as the case may be, and it 
 shall be the duty of said officers, to audit, settle and adjust the ac- 
 count of the said treasurer, and to make report thereof to the said 
 court. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of April 12, 1875, P. L, 46, No. 51. 
 
 81 
 6 
 
163. ADMISSION OF DESTITUTE AND VAGRANT CHIL- 
 DREN TO HOMES FOR FRIENDLESS. REFUSAL TO ADMIT. 
 
 When any such school or institution has accepted the provisions of 
 this act and has sufficient building capacity, the management thereof 
 shall admit to the benefits of any such school or institution any 
 friendless, destitute or vagrant child, recommended for admission by 
 the board of school directors of the school district in which such child 
 may reside or be found, or by the directors of the poor of any county 
 in which such school or institution is located, guardians of the poor, 
 overseers of the poor or poor directors, as the case may "be, of any 
 city or district included in said county; in case any child is refused 
 admission, the said court of common, pleas, on complaint made thereto 
 by any person after due and legal proof of such refusal, shall enjoin 
 the payment of moneys out of the county funds as authorized by this 
 act : Provided however, That no child shall be admitted under the age 
 of four years nor above the age of sixteen. 
 Sec. 4, Act of April 12, 1875, P. L. 46, No. 51. 
 
 164. ACCEPTANCE OF ACT. EMPLOYMENT OF TEACHERS. 
 
 The board of trustees and the board of managers of any such school 
 or institution desiring to accept the provisions of this act, shall set 
 forth the same in their first petition presented to the said court of 
 common pleas, as authorized in the first section of this act; no teacher 
 shall be employed in any such school or institution who has not re- 
 ceived a valid certificate from the superintendent of the schools of 
 the county in which such school or institution is situate. 
 Sec. 6, Act of April 1875, P. L. 46, No.' 51. 
 
 (2) Philadelphia Protectory. 
 
 165. COMMITMENT OF MALE JUVENILE OFFENDERS TO 
 PHILADELPHIA PROTECTORY FOR BOYS. From and after the 
 passage of this act, it shall be lawful for judges of the courts of 
 quarter sessions of the peace, magistrates and justices of the peace in 
 this Commonwealth to commit, with the consent of parent, guardian 
 or custodian, vicious or incorrigible minors, of the male sex, to the 
 Philadelphia Protectory for Boys, located at Protectory, Montgomery 
 County, Pennsylvania. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 11, 1801, P. L. 187, No. 155. 
 
 With regard to commitment by magistrates and justices of the peace 
 of minors under sixteen years of age, gee section 1, Act of March 26, 
 1903, P. L. 66, supra section 34. 
 
 166. WHEN COMMITMENT TQ PHILADELPHIA PROTEC- 
 TORY TO BE MADE. Such commitment shall be made by any judge, 
 magistrate or justice, as aforesaid, upon complaint and due proof that 
 
 82 
 
such minor, by reason of incorrigible behavior or vicious conduct, has 
 become beyond the control of his parents, guardians or custodians. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 11, 1901, p. L. 187, No. 155. 
 See note to section immediately preceding. 
 
 (3) Incorporated Societies. 
 
 167. COMMITMENT OP DELINQUENTS TO INOOKPORATED 
 SOCIETIES HAVING FOR ITS OBJECT PROTECTION OF CHIL- 
 DREN FROM CRUELTY, OR THE PLACING OF CHILDREN. 
 
 It shall be lawful for any society duly incorporated, having for 
 one of its objects the protection of children from cruelty or the 
 placing of children not otherwise provided for in families, to receive 
 into its care and guardianship, at its discretion, minors committed 
 to such care and guardianship by any justice of the peace, magistrate 
 or judge of any court, upon complaint and due proof made, first, that 
 such minor by reason of incorrigible, unmangeable, vicious or way- 
 ward conduct is beyond the control of the parent or guardian of such 
 infant, or, second, that the parents of such minor by reason of vag- 
 rancy, incorrigible or vicious conduct, criminal offense, moral depra- 
 vity or cruelty, are unfit to have the training and control of such 
 minor, or, third, that the said minor is a vagrant and has no parent 
 or guardian capable or willing to restrain, manage or take proper 
 care of such minor, or the said society may receive under its care and 
 guardianship any minor as aforesaid, when such minor has been com- 
 mitted to its care and guardianship by the judge of any court after 
 said minor shall have been duly convicted of any criminal offense. 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 399. 
 
 Tlie Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274, section 10, supra section 39, 
 makes it unlawful to commit the custody of any negleoted or dependent 
 child * * * * to any institution of correction or reformation in which 
 delinquent children are received, or to commit any delinquent child to any 
 institution in which dependent or neglected children are received. 
 
 See sections 5 and 6 of the Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 399, infra sections 
 200 and 204 relating to the binding out of children and visitation of the 
 children committed. 
 
 168. POWER OF .lUSTICES OF THE PEACE, MAGISTRATES 
 AND COURT TO COMMIT DELINQUENT CHILDREN. It shall be 
 lawful for any justice of the peace, magistrate or judge of any court 
 to commit minors to any society duly incorporated, having for one 
 of its objects the protection of children from cruelty or the placing 
 of children not otherwise provided for in families, upon complaint 
 and due proof made of facts such as are set forth in the first section 
 of this act after the said minors have been duly convicted of any 
 criminal offense. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 399. 
 
 83 
 
Justices of the peace and magistrates no longer have the power to 
 commit children under the age of sixteen, see section 1, Act of March 26, 
 1903, P. L. 66, supra section 34. 
 
 169. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OP WITNESSES AND SUB- 
 STANCE OF EVIDENCE TO BE ATTACHED TO COMMITMENT. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the justice of the peace or magistrate aforesaid 
 committing a vagrant or incorrigible or vicious minor as aforesaid, 
 or any minor as provided in section one of this act, to annex to his 
 commitment the names and residences of the different witnesses ex- 
 amined before him and the substance of the testimony given by them 
 respectively on which the said adjudication was founded. 
 Sec. 3, Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 399. 
 
 See notes to section immediately preceding. 
 
 170. ACTS OP MAGISTRATES, ETC., COMMITTING DELIN- 
 QUENTS, TO BE REVIEWED BY JUDGE. DELINQUENTS TO 
 BE DETAINED OR DISCHARGED. It shall be the duty of any 
 magistrate or justice of the peace making a commitment as provided 
 in the first and second sections of .this act of a minor to any society 
 to transfer his commitment, together with the various matters annexed 
 thereto as provided in the third section of this act, to the district 
 attorney of the county in which said commitment shall be made, 
 and it shall be the duty of the district attorney when the same shall 
 be placed in his hands, or as soon as it is possible thereafter, to place 
 the said commitment, with the matters annexed, in th& hands of a 
 judge sitting at quarter sessions, who shall examine the same and shalL 
 endorse thereon an order for the detention of the said minor by 
 the said society, or if he shall be of the opinion that the said minor 
 has been wrongfully committed, he shall endorse upon the commitment 
 an order for the discharge of the said minor : Provided, That nothing 
 in this act contained shall be construed to interfere with the provi- 
 sions of an act, entitled "An act for the better securing of personal 
 liberty and preventing unlawful imprisonment," passed on the eigh- 
 teenth day of February, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-five, 
 commonly called the habeas corpus act. 
 
 Sec. 4, Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 399. 
 
 See notes to section 2 of this act, supra section 168. 
 
 84 
 
VII. 
 
 DETENTION, CONTROL AND BOARDING-OUT OF DELIN- 
 QUENT, DEPENDENT AND NEGLECTED CHILDREN. 
 
 FOR DETENTION AND CONTROL OF CHILDREN IN PARTI- 
 CULAR INSTITUTIONS SEE THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS: 
 
 Sections . 
 
 Pennsylvania Industrial Refonnatoi-y at Huntingdon 69,74,77,78 
 
 Pennsylvania Training School at Morganza, 87,95 
 
 State Industrial Home for Women at Muncy Station, 97-101 
 
 Glen Mills Schools, 115,116,119,122,124 
 
 House of Correction, Employment and Reformation of Philadel- 
 phia, 151,152,157 
 
 171. CHILDREN BETWEEN AGES OF TWO AND SIXTEEN 
 NOT TO BE DETAINED IN ALMSHOUSE OR POOR HOUSE. It 
 shall not be lawful for the overseers or guardians or directors of the 
 poor in the several counties, cities, boroughs and townships of this 
 
 ,. Commonwealth, to receive Into, or retain in any almshouse or poor- 
 house, any child between two and sixteen years of age for a longer 
 time than sixty days, unless such child be an unteachable idiot, an 
 epileptic or a paralytic, or otherwise so disabled or deformed as to 
 render it incapable of labor or service. 
 Sec. 1, 'Act of June 13, 1883, P. L. 111. 
 
 172. FEMALE JUVENILE OFFENDERS SUBJECT TO RE- 
 STRAINT DURING MINORITY. Whenever a girl shall have been 
 duly committed to a house of refuge or reform school within the Com- 
 monwealth of Pennsylvania, the charge iand power of the manager.? of 
 such institution, upon and over the said girl, shall continue in all 
 cases during her minority. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of March 24, 1909, P. I^. 62. 
 
 173. INMATES OF, HOUSES OF REFUGE AND REFORM 
 SCHOOLS UNFIT TO BE INDENTURED, MAY BE BOARDED 
 OUT. Whenever, in the opinion of the board of managers of any 
 house of refuge or reform school in this Commonwealth, it shall be for 
 the best interests of any minor committed to it, that he or she shall 
 leave the institution on parole, and there is no relative or guardian fit 
 or capable of assuming the custody or care of such minor, and such 
 minor is through mental or physical defects unfit to be indentured or 
 placed out on wages or for a home, and it is necessary that board 
 
 85 
 
shall be paid to secure a home, it shall be lawful for such house of 
 refuge or reform school to pay such board as may be necessary, not 
 exceeding in any case the current per capita charge, one-half of which 
 is paid by the counties from which children are committed to such 
 institution, and to charge the amount so paid to the current expenses 
 of the institution ; and in the charges made to the county from which 
 such minor has been committed, he or she shall be counted as an 
 inmate from such county so long as he or she shall remain under 
 the guardianship of such house of refuge or reform school. 
 Sec. 1, Act of April 22, 1909, P. L. 113. 
 
 174. FEMALE OFFENDERS ABOUT TO BECOME MOTHERS 
 TO BE LODGED OUTSIDE INSTITUTIONS. From and after the 
 passage of this act, it shall be lawful for the warden or superintendent, 
 or other person in charge of (any penitentiary, jail,) reformatory, 
 (workhouse), or other penal institution within the Commonwealth, 
 upon the application of any female prisoner or inmate about to become 
 a mother, endorsed by the physician of such institution, to lodge such 
 prisoner or inmate, in his discretion, and upon such terms and con- 
 ditions and for such length of time as he shall see fit, outside such 
 penitentiary, et cetera, at the time at which such prisoner or inmate 
 may become a mother, and to make any expenditures which may seem 
 to him proper for her care and that of her child, and to guard against 
 her escape. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 8, 1913, P. L. 166. 
 
 175. EXPENSES OF LODGING FEMALE OFFENDERS OUT- 
 SIDE OF INSTITUTIONS. HOW PAID. The expense so incurred 
 shall be collectible as are the expenses of said female prisoner or 
 inmate within such penitentiary, et cetera, under existing laws. 
 
 See. 2, Act of May 8, 1913, P. L. 166. 
 
 176. RIGHT OF INMATES OF PENAL INSTITUTIONS TO 
 PRACTICE RELIGION. All persons confined or detained in any 
 (prison), reformatory, house of refuge, home, (hospital), or other 
 institutions founded for the punishment, correction or crime, or the 
 relief of the (sick and) friendless, and supported in whole or in part 
 by the funds drawn from the public treasury, shall have the privilege 
 of practicing the religion of their choice, and shall be at liberty to 
 secure for that purpose the services of any minister connected with 
 any religious denomination in the State ; Provided, That such services 
 shall be personal to the inmate or inmates, and not interfere with the 
 established order of religious services of the institution or institu- 
 tions : Provided further, That such established services shall not be of 
 a sectarian character. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 11, 1879, P. L. MO, No. 148. 
 
 86 
 
VIII. 
 
 EMPLOYMENT OF INMATES OP EEPOEMATORY AND COR 
 RECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 FOR PROVISIONS AS TO EMPLOYMENT OF CHILDREN IN 
 PARTICULAR INSTITUTIONS SEE THE FOLLOWING SEC- 
 TIONS: 
 
 Sections. 
 
 Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory at Huntingdon, 77,78,86 
 
 Pennsylvania Training School at Morganza, 87 
 
 State Industrial Home for Women at Muncy Station 97-99,101 
 
 Glen Mills Schools, H9 
 
 House of Correction, Employment and Reformation of Philadel- 
 phia, 152,157 
 
 177. EIGHT HOURS TO CONSTITUTE A DAY'S LABOR IN 
 REFORMATORY INSTITUTIONS. From and after the passage of 
 this act, eight hours out of the twenty-four of each day shall make 
 and constitute a day's labor and service in the (penitentiaries and) 
 reformatory institutions which shall receive support from appropria- 
 tion made by the General Assembly of this Commonwealth, and by 
 taxes levied and paid by the several counties thereof in whole or in 
 part. 
 
 See. 1, Act of May 20, 1891, P. L. 100. 
 
 178. SUPERINTENDENTS AND OFFICERS NOT TO ALLOW 
 OR COMPEL MORE THAN EIGHT HOURS WORK. All superin- 
 tendents and officers over, and all persons authorized to make con- 
 tracts for, and to employ persons for labor and service or appoint 
 under-officers in, for and around said (penitentiaries and) reformatory 
 institutions mentioned in the first section of this act, are hereby for- 
 bidden and prohibited under the penalties mentioned in the third 
 section of this act, from allowing or compelling any of said employes 
 or under-offlcers to give and serve any more than eight hours out of 
 each twenty-four hours in such service or labor. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 20, 1891, P. Ij. 100. 
 
 179. GOVERNOR TO INVESTIGATE CHARGES OF VIOLAT- 
 ING EIGHT HOUR LAW. SUSPENSION AND DISMISSAL OF 
 PERSON GUILTY OF VIOLATING LAW. The Governor of this 
 Commonwealth is hereby authorized and directed to execute and 
 carry out the foregoing sections of this act, and is hereby authorized, 
 
 87 
 
empowered aud directed, upon complaint and petition of any of the 
 laborers, employes and-under-oflflcers mentioned in the foregoing 
 sections, tliat he or they have been compelled or required to serve con- 
 trary to the provisions of same foregoing sections of this act, to hear 
 and determine the same, and in the event of it appearing to him that 
 the provisions of this act have been violated or in any manner evaded 
 he is authorized and empowered to suspend or dismiss from his office 
 or post the officer, superintendent or other person determined to be 
 guilty of violating or evading the same, and that such vacancy caused 
 by the suspension or dismissal of said officers, superintendents or 
 other persons so determined to have violated the provisions of this 
 act, shall be filled in the manner heretofore provided by law. 
 Sec. 3, Act of May 2a, 1891, P. L. 100. 
 
 180. EEPEAL. CONSTRUCTION OF ACT. (All acts or parts 
 of acts inconsistent herewith be and the same are hereby repealed:) 
 Provided, That this act shall not be construed to have reference to any 
 institution wherein the employes are resident. 
 
 Sec. 4, Act of May 20, 1891, P. L. 100. 
 
 181. EMPLOYMENT OP INMATES OF STATE REFORMA- 
 TORY INSTITUTIONS IN BEHALF OF STATE. At the expiration 
 of existing contracts the board of inspectors, wardens or other officers 
 of State (prisons and) reformatory institutions are directed to em- 
 ploy the convicts under their control for and in behalf of the State. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 13, 1883, P. L. 112, No. 99. 
 
 182. EMPLOYMENT OF INMATES OF REFORMATORY IN- 
 STITUTIONS RECEIVING STATE AID. CONTRACT LABOR 
 ABOLISHED. The cbief officers of the various reformatory insti- 
 tutions, deriving their support wholly or in part from the State, are 
 hereby directed at the expiration of existing contracts, to employ the 
 inmates of said institutions for and in behalf of such institutions; 
 and no labor shall be hired out by contract. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 13, 1883, P. L. 112, No. 99. 
 
 183. EMPLOYMENT OF INMATES OF COUNTY REFORMA- 
 TORY INSTITUTIONS. The officers of the various county (prisons, 
 workhouses and) reformatory institutions within this Commonwealth, 
 now letting the labor of convicts by contract, shall, at the expiration 
 of existing contracts, employ the same for and in behalf of their 
 respective counties. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of June 13, 1883, P. L. 112, No. 99. 
 
 This section seems to apply only to county institutions. 
 
 184. INMATES OF COUNTY REFORMATORY INSTITUTIONS. 
 NUMBER OF TO BE EMPLOYED IN CERTAIN VOCATIONS. 
 The officers of the various county (prisons, workhouses, and) reforma- 
 
 88 
 
tory institutions, within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, shalJ 
 not employ more than five per centum of the whole number of inmates 
 in said institutions in the manufacture of brooms and brushes and 
 hollow-ware, and ten per centum in the maufacture of any other kind 
 of goods, wares, articles, or other things that are manufactured else- 
 where in the State, except mats and matting, in the manufacture of 
 which twenty per centum of the whole number of inmates may be 
 employed. Provided, This act. shall not apply to goods manufactured 
 for use of the inmates of such institution, or for "any institution or 
 the inmates of any institution supported, wholly or in part, by the 
 county in which the prison, workhouse, or reformatory institution is 
 located, or for the use of the county itself. 
 
 See. 1, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 654, amending Sec. 2, of the Act of June 18, 
 1897, P. L. 170, as amended by Sec. 1 of the Act of April 28, 1899, P. L. 122. 
 
 This section seems to apply only to county institutions. 
 
 185. EMPLOYMENT OF INMATES OF PENAL INSTITU- 
 TIONS. All persons sentenced (to the Eastern or Western Peni- 
 tentiary, or) to the Pennsylvania Industrial Eeformatory at Hunt- 
 ingdon, or to any other correctional iustitutipn hereafter established 
 by the Commonwealth, who are physically capable of such labor, may 
 be employed at labor for not to exceed eight hours each day, other 
 than Sundays and public holidays. Such labor shall be for the purpose 
 of the manufacture and production of supplies for said institutions, or 
 for the Commonwealth or for any county thereof, or for any public in- 
 stitution owned, managed, and controlled by the Commonwealth, or 
 for the preparation and manufacture of building material for the 
 construction or repair of any State institution, or in the work of 
 such construction or repair, or for the purpose of industrial training 
 or instruction, or partly for one and partly for the other of such 
 purposes, or in the manufacture and production of crushed stone, 
 brick, tile, and culvert pipe, or other material suitable for draining 
 roads of the State, or in the preparation of road building and ballast- 
 ing material 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of^June 1, 1915, P. L. 656. 
 
 186. PRISON LABOR COMMISSION. EMPLOYES. A member 
 of the board of prison inspectors of the Eastern Penitentiary, desig- 
 nated by such board ; a member of the board of prison inspectors of 
 the Western Penitentiary, designated by such board; and a member 
 of the board of managers of the Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory 
 at Huntingdon, designated by such board, shall constitute the Prison 
 Labor Commission, which commission shall perform the duties here- 
 inafter specified with reference to the regulation and supervision of 
 the labor of inmates of the (penitentiaries and) reformatory, and 
 other correctional institutions hereafter established by this Com- 
 
 89 
 
monwealth, and for the disposal of the products of the labor of such 
 inmates. The members of this commission shall serve without salary, / 
 but they shall be allowed their expenses actually and necessarily;' 
 incurred in the discharge of their duties. The Prison Labor ComV 
 mission is empowered to employ such clerks or other employes as are 
 necessary for the proper conduct of its business, at such salaries as 
 shall be determined by the commission. 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 656. 
 
 187. DUTIES OP PRISON LABOR COMMISSION. The Prison 
 Labor Commission shall determine the amount, kind, and character of 
 the machinery to be erected in each of the (penitentiaries and) re- 
 formatory, or other correctional institutions hereafter established, 
 the industries to be carried on therein, having due regard to the lo- 
 cation and convenience thereof with respect to other institutions to 
 be supplied, to the machinery therein, and the number and character 
 of inmates. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 656. 
 
 188. SALE OP MATERIALS PRODUCED. The Prison Labor 
 Commission shall arrange for the sale of the materials produced by 
 the prisons, to the Commonwealth, or to any county thereof, or to 
 any of the public institutions owned, managed, and controlled by the 
 Commonwealth. 
 
 Sec. i. Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 656. 
 
 Quaere: Whether this section was not meant to include reformatories 
 and correctional institutions as ia the rest of the act, as well as 
 prisons . 
 
 189. APPROPRIATION FOR MANUFACTURING FUND. For 
 
 the purchase of material, equipment, and machinery to be used in the 
 (penitentiaries,) reformatory, and other correctional institutions as 
 aforesaid, a special appropriation of seventy-five thousand dollars 
 shall be made to the Prison Labor Commission, to be known as the 
 manufacturing fund. 
 Sec. 5, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 656. 
 
 190. -APPROPRIATION FOR EXPENSES OF COMMISSION. 
 FUND FROM SALE OF PRODUCTS. MONTHLY REPORT TO 
 AUDITOR GENERAL. (The sum of eight thousand dollars, or so 
 much thereof which may be necessary, is hereby specially appropriated 
 to the Prison Labor Commission, for the two fiscal years beginning 
 January first, one thousand nine hundred and sixteen, for the purpose 
 of paying salaries of clerk hire, traveling expenses, and contingent 
 expenses.) The receipts from the sales of manufactured articles, sold 
 as aforesaid to the Commonwealth or any county thereof, or any public 
 
 90 
 
institution owned and managed and controlled by the Commonweal tli, 
 shall not be turned into the State Treasury, but shall be credited to 
 the manufacturing fund, created by section five, and used for the 
 purchase of further material, equipment, machinery, and supplies; 
 and the commission shall make a full monthly report of the products, 
 sales, receipts, and disbursements of such industries to the Auditor 
 General of Ihe Commonwealth. 
 
 Sec. 6, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 656. 
 
 191. ACCOUNTS OF EARNINGS OF PRISONERS. Hereafter an 
 account shall be kept by the proper officers of (the Western Peni- 
 tentiary, the Eastern Penitentiary, and) the Pennsylvania Industrial 
 Reformatory at Huntingdon, and the other correctional institutions 
 hereafter established by the Commonwealth, of the labor -performed 
 by all prisoners under sentence in such institution. In such account 
 the prisoner shall be credited with wages for the time he is actually 
 engaged in work; the rate of such wage, and the amount credited to 
 each, to be regulated at the discretion of the Prison Labor Commis- 
 sion, or such persons as they may designate. In no case shall the 
 amount be less than ten cents, nor over fifty cents, for each day of 
 labor actually performed. The difference in the rate of compensation 
 shall be based both upon the pecuniary value of the work performed 
 and also on the willingness, industry, and good conduct of such 
 prisoner. 
 
 Sec. 7, Act of June 1, 1915, P. h. 656. 
 
 192. MONEYS EARNED BY PRISONERS MAY BE PAID TO 
 DEPENDENTS. Three-fourths of the amount credited to each 
 prisoner, or the entire amount if the prisoner so wishes, shall con- 
 stitute a fund for the relief of any person or persons dependent upon 
 such prisoner, and shall be paid upon the order of the Prison Labor 
 Commission to the person or persons establishing such dependency to 
 the satisfaction of said board, at such time and times as said board 
 may oTrder. . 
 
 Sec. 8, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 656. 
 
 193. EARNINGS OP PRISONERS HOW PAID. In case a 
 prisoner has no person or persons dependent upon him, the sums so 
 credited shall be deposited for the benefit of such prisoner, under the 
 rules and regulations of the Prison Labor Commission ; and the sum so 
 credited shall be paid to the said prisoner, — one-third on discharge of 
 prisoner, one-third in three months after his discharge, and the bal- 
 ance in six months after his discharge. 
 
 Sec. 9, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 656. 
 
 194. WAGES PAID TO BE CHARGED TO MANUFACTURING 
 FUND. All wages paid under the provisions of this act shall be 
 
 91 
 
charged to the manufacturing fun^l provided for in section five of this 
 act. 
 Sec. 10, Act of June 1, 1915,-P. L. 656. 
 
 195. OFFICES OF GOMMISSION. SUPPLIES. The Board of/ 
 Commissioners of Public Grounds and Buildings shall provide ade- 
 quate offices and quarters for the commission, in the State Capitol or 
 elsewhere, and shall, on requisition of the commission, furnish all 
 such books, -stationery, furniture, supplies, et cetera, as may be needed 
 to conduct properly the affairs of the commission. 
 
 Sec. 11, Act of June 1, 1915, P. L. 656. 
 
 196. REQUISITIONS FOR PRINTING AND BINDING. The 
 
 printing and binding necessary for the proper performance of the 
 duties of the commission, and for the proper preservation of the 
 records of the commission, shall be done by the State Printer, upon 
 order of the Superintendent of Public Printing and Binding, upon 
 requisition of the commission. 
 Sec. 12, Act of June 1, 1915, P. t>. 656. 
 
 IX. 
 
 PLACING OUT AND INDENTURING OF CHILDREN. RETURN 
 
 OF CHILDREN. 
 
 FOR PROVISIONS AS TO PLACING OUT AND INDENTURING 
 CHILDREN BY PARTICULAR INSTITUTIONS, SEE THE FOL- 
 LOWING SECTIONS: 
 
 Sections. 
 
 Pennsylvania Training School at Morganza,.^ 87,93,94 
 
 Glen Mills Schools, 115,119,125,128 
 
 House of Correction, Employment and Reformation of Philadel- 
 phia, 152 
 
 197. PLACING OUT PAUPER CHILDREN OVER TWO YEARS 
 OF AGE, BY POOR AUTHORITIES. VISITATION BY POOR AU- 
 THORITIES. It shall be the duty of said overseers or other persons 
 having charge of tlie poor, to place all pauper children who are in 
 their charge, and who are over two years of age, (with the exception 
 named in the first section of this act,) in some respectable family in 
 this State, or in some educational institution or home for children; 
 and one of the snid officers shall visit such children in person or by 
 agent, not less than once every six months, and make all needful in- 
 quiries as to their treatment and welfare, and shall report thereon 
 
 92 
 
1.0 the board of overseers or other officers charged with the care of 
 such children. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 13, 1883, P. L. 111. 
 
 198. DEPENDENT CHILDREN PliACED IN CARE OF ASSO- 
 CIATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS TO BECOME WARDS. PLAC- 
 ING OUT AND INDENTURING OF DEPENDENT CHILDREN. 
 Ill any case where the court shall award a dependent child to the 
 care of any association or individual, in accordance with the pro- 
 visions of this act, the child shall, unless otherwise ordered, become 
 a ward, and be subject to the guardianship of the association or 
 individual to whose care it is committed. Such association or indi- 
 vidual shall have authority to place such child in a family home, 
 with or without indenture, and may be made party to any proceedings 
 for the legal adoption of the child, and may, by its or his attorney 
 or agent, appear in any court where such proceedings are pending 
 and assent to such adoption. And such assent shall be suflflcient to 
 authorize the court to enter the proper order or decree of adoption. 
 Such guardianship shall not include the guardianship of any estate 
 of the chnd." 
 
 Sec. 5, Act of April 23, 1903, P. L. 274. 
 
 For the definition of "dependent child" as used in this section see sec- 
 tion 1, Act of ApriL 23, 1903, P. L. 274, supra section 198. 
 
 199. INDENTURING OF CHILDREN BY CERTAIN SOCIE- 
 TIES AND INSTITUTIONS. PROCEDURE. Whenever any benev- 
 olent or charitable institution, asylum or corporation, whether created 
 by general or special laws of this Commonwealth, shall hereafter 
 maintain and care for any minor child for a period of one year or 
 over at the expense, either in whole or in part, of such institution, 
 asylum or corporation, then the courts of common pleas of the proper 
 county, or where the rights of a guardian are or may be affected 
 thereby, the orphans' court of said county, are hereby authorized and 
 empowered, in all proper cases, upon petition to them made by the 
 board of managers or proper officers of such institution, asylum or 
 corporation, and upon due notice to the parents, guardian or next 
 friend of said minor, said notice to be personally served if practic- 
 able, otherwise such notice to be given by advertisement in such news- 
 paper or newspapers and for such length of time, as said court 
 may direct, to make and enter an order or decree granting unto such 
 petitioners the right and power to indenture said minor, for and 
 during its minority, to any suitable person or persons; and said 
 indenture thus made shall vest in the person to whom said minor is 
 so indentured the sole and absolute right to the care, control and 
 custody and services of said minor, during its said minority, as against 
 such parent, guardian or next friend so notified of said petition, as 
 
 93 
 
aforesaid: Provided, however, That nothing herein contained shall 
 be so construed as to interfere in any manner with or prejudice the 
 rights over said minor, reserved in such indenture by and to said in-' 
 stitution, asylum or corpora.tion. 
 Sec. 1, Act of April 13, 1899, P. L. 46, No. 46. 
 
 200. IN PLACING CHILDREN, RELIGION OF PARENTS TO 
 BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION. It shall be the duty of (the 
 duty of) the society to whom a commitment shall be made in accord- 
 ance with the provisions of the first section of this act, when the 
 minors so committed to it are placed in respectable families subject 
 to the visitation and supervision of such person as may from time to 
 time be appointed for such purpose by the judges of the court of com- 
 mon pleas of the county in which such commitment shall be made, 
 to select, so far as it may be possible, families of the same religious 
 denomination as that to which the parents of children committed to 
 its care shall belong 
 
 Sec. 5, Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 399. 
 
 The Societies herein referred to are incorporated societies having for 
 one of its objects the protection of children from cruelty, or the placing 
 of children not otherwise provided for in families, to whom, under sec- 
 tions 1 and 2 of this act, supra sections 167 and 168, commitments of 
 certain minors may be made. 
 
 201. RETURN OF DELINQUENTS TO HOUSES OF REFUGE 
 AND REFORM SCHOOLS. Whereas, The managers of houses of 
 refuge and reform schools, should exercise the authority vested in 
 them for the supervision and best welfare of their wards during their 
 minority, after they have been placed out as apprentices or returned 
 to their friends; therefore. 
 
 It shall be lawful for the managers of the houses of refuge and 
 reform schools in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, when they have 
 placed out their wards as apprentices, or given them up to their 
 friends, to cause them to be returned to their custody, whenever it 
 shall appear on complaint before a judge of the court of quarter ses- 
 sions having jurisdiction, that the agreements made in their behalf 
 have been violated, or they have been neglected or improperly treated 
 by those who have been intrusted with them during their minority, 
 and the said wards may be reclaimed by the said managers. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June i, 1879, P. L. 84, No. 93. 
 
 84 
 
VISITORS AND VISITATION OF INSTITUTIONS IN WHICH 
 
 DELINQUENT, DEPENDENT AND NEGLECTED 
 
 CHILDREN ARE COMMITTED. REPORTS. 
 
 FOR OTHER PROVISIONS RELATING TO VISITORS AND 
 VISITATION OF PARTICULAR INSTITUTIONS SEE THE FOL- 
 LOWING SECTION: 
 
 Section. 
 Glen Mills Schools, 126 
 
 202. COURT OP COMMON PLEAS TO APPOINT BOARD OF 
 VISITORS OF INSTITUTIONS, ETC., HAVING CARE AND CUS- 
 TODY OF DEPENDENT, NEGLECTED AND DELINQUENT 
 CHILDREN. VISITS. REPORTS TO COURT AND BOARD OF 
 ~ PUBLIC CHARITIES. EXPENSES OF BOARD. That it shall be 
 the duty of the court of common pleas in each county within this Com- 
 monwealth to appoint a board, consisting of six or more reputable 
 citizens, who shall serve without compensation, to constitute a Board 
 of Visitors, whose duty it shall be to visit, at least once a year, all 
 institutions, societies, and associations, within the county, into whose 
 care and custody dependent, neglected, or delinquent children shall 
 be committed under the provisions of the laws of this Commonwealth ; 
 and all charitable, reformatory, or penal institutions, and all insti- 
 tutions, within the county, which receive their inmates from more than 
 one county, and are supported or managed, in whole or in part, by 
 the Commonwealth, or any of the ofQcers thereof; and all institutions, 
 within the county, which are wholly supported and managed by any 
 city, county, borough, or poor district of the Commonwealth. Such 
 visits shall be made monthly by not less than two of the members of 
 the board, who shall report to the board The said Board of Visitors 
 shall make reports to the court, from time to time, on matters per- 
 taining to the welfare of the institutions, particularly the treatment 
 received by the inmates. A copy of such report shall be submitted 
 by the board to the persons in charge of such institutions, societies, 
 and associations. The board shall make an annual report to the 
 Board of Public Charities. The said Board of Visitors shall be en- 
 titled to receive, from the counties in which they shall be appointed, 
 such sum or sums of money for actual and necessary expenses as may 
 be approved by the board of county commissioners in their respective 
 counties. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of June 6, 191.3, P. T^- 4.52, amending Sec. 1, Act of February 26, 
 1903, P. L. 8. 
 
 95 
 
The Board of Visitation has power to visit only those charitable, re- 
 formatory or penal institutions to which children or adults or both are 
 committed by some legal authority under the provisions of some law of 
 this Commonwealth, and not those institutions in which children are 
 placed by parents, guardians or friends without legal commitment. Such 
 visits should be made monthly by at least two members of the board: 
 Opinion of Attorney General, Decemher 2, 1913, Board of Visitation, 22 
 Dist, Rep. SIS. 
 
 203. NOMINATION OF VISITORS. DISCRETION OF COURT 
 IN CHOICE OP VISITORS That the court of common pleas in 
 each county within this Commonwealth may receive nominations of 
 persons for appointment on the said boards of visitation, submitted 
 to the court by any corporation organized under the laws of this 
 Commonwealth for the study and improvement of the conditions of 
 charitable, reformatory, or penal institutions, and such nominations 
 shall in no way interfere with the exercise of free discretion by the 
 court in making such appointments. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of June 6, 1913, P. L. 452. 
 
 The nominations herein referred to are to the Boards of Visitors ap- 
 pointed under the section immediately preceding. 
 
 204. APPOINTMENT AND DUTY OF VISITORS. It shall be 
 the duty of the judges of the several courts of common pleas within 
 this Commonwealth to appoint visitors to visit the children committed 
 in accordance with the provisions of this act by any magistrate, 
 justice of the peace or judge in their respective counties, the said 
 visits to be made at intervals not longer than once every six months, 
 and the said visitors shall report upon the character of the home in 
 which said child shall be placed, and the expense of said visitation 
 shall be fixed by the court and borne by the counties aforesaid. 
 
 Sec. 6, Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 399. 
 
 These visitors are appointed for the purpose of visiting delinquents 
 committed to the care of societies having for their objects the protec- 
 tion of children from cruelty or the placing out of children. See section 
 1, Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 399, supra section 167. 
 
 205. OFFICIAL VISITORS OF HOMES FOR FRIENDLESS. 
 EXAMINATION AND INSPECTION BY GRAND JURIES. The 
 judges of the court of common pleas of the several counties of this 
 commonwealth are hereby constituted and appointed ex-ofi&cio visitors 
 of any such school or institution; and the grand jury of the court of 
 quarter sessions of the county in which any such school or institution 
 is located, shall, as often as directed by the said court, visit, examine 
 and inspect the needs and management of any such school or institu- 
 tion, and the condition of the children therein, as directed by the 
 said court, and report the same to the said court. 
 
 -Sec. 5, Act of AprU 12, 1875, P. L. 46, No. 51. 
 
 96 
 
The school or institution herein referred to is one receiving county ap- 
 propriations, commonly known as a home for friendless, and to which 
 friendless, destitute or vagrant children are sent upon recommendation 
 of school director or by poor authorities. See sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 of 
 this act, supra sections 160 to 163. 
 
 206. INSTITUTIONS, ETC., HAVING CARE OF DELIN- 
 QUENT, NEGLECTED AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN, SUB- 
 JECT TO VISITATION. INFORMATION TO COURTS. ANNUAL 
 REPORTS TO BOARD OF CHARITIES. SECRETARY OF 
 BOARD OF PUBLIC CHARITIES TO FURNISH LIST OF INSTI- 
 TUTIONS TO COURTS WHEN CHILDREN NOT TO BE COM- 
 MITTED" TO INSTITUTIONS. The institutions, associations, and 
 societies, into whose care the custody of delinquent, neglected or 
 dependent children may be committed by order of the courts of this 
 Commonwealth, shall be subject to the same visitation, inspections, 
 and supervision of the Board of Public Charities as the public chari- 
 table institutions of this State; and the courts of common pleas of 
 this Commonwealth may require such information and statistics from 
 such institutions, associations or societies as said judges deem neces- 
 sary in order to enable them to exercise a wise discretion in dealing 
 with children. Every such institution, association or society shall 
 file with the Board of Public Charities an annual written or printed 
 report, which shall contain a statement of the number of children 
 cared for during the year, the number received, the number placed in 
 homes, the number died, the number returned to friends; also, a 
 financial statement, showing the receipts and disbursements of such 
 institutions, associations or societies. The statement of receipts shall 
 indicate the amount received from public funds, the amount received 
 from donations, and the amount received from other sources, specify- 
 ing the several sources. The statement of disbursements shall show 
 the amount expended for salaries and other expenses, specifying the 
 same; the amount expended for lands, buildings and investments. The 
 secretary of the Board of Public Charities shall furnish to each of the 
 said courts of common pleas a list of such institutions, associations, 
 and societies filing such annual reports, and no child shall be com- 
 mitted to the care of any such institution, association or society which 
 shall not have filed a report, for the fiscal year last preceding, with 
 the Board of Public Charities. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of March 5, 1903, P. L. 11. 
 
 207 GENERAL AGENT AND SECRETARY OF THE BOARD 
 OP PUBLIC CHARITIES TO VISIT CERTAIN INSTITUTIONS. 
 REPORTS. The General Agent and SecT-etary of the Board of Public 
 Charities shall hold his office for three years, unless sooner removed ; 
 he shall be a member of tbe board ex-offlcio; and it shall be his duty 
 to cause a correct record of its proceedings to be kept, oversee and 
 
 97 
 
conduct its out-door business, visit all (charitable, penal,) reforma- 
 tory, and correctional institutions in the State at least once in each 
 year, except as hereinafter provided, and as much oftener as the board 
 may direct; he shall prepare a series, of interrogatories, with the 
 necessary accompanying blanks, to the several institutions of charity, 
 reform, and correction in the State, and to those having charge of the 
 poor in the several counties thereof, or any subdivision of the same, 
 with a view to illustrate in his annual report the causes and best 
 treatment of pauperism and crime, and shall have free access to all 
 reports and returns now required by law to be made ; and he may also 
 propose, for the approval of the board, such general investigations as 
 he may think best. He shall be paid annually the sum of five -thousand 
 dollars (|5,000), and his additional traveling expenses. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 1, 1913, P. L. 149, amending Sec. 4, Act of April 24 1869, 
 P. L. 90. 
 
 208. COMMISSIONERS OF BOARD OF PUBLIC CHARITIES 
 TO HAVE POWER TO EXAMINE INTO CONDITIONS, ETC., OF 
 CERTAIN INSTITUTIONS, AND TO HAVE ACCESS TO 
 GROUNDS, ETC. PENALTY ON OFFICERS AND PERSONS 
 NEGLECTING OR REFUSING TO GIVE INFORMATION, ETC 
 The said commissioners shall have full power, either by themselves 
 or the general agents, at all times to look into and examine the con- 
 dition of all charitable, reformatory, or correctional institutions 
 within the State, financially and otherwise; to inquire and examine 
 into their methods of instruction, the government and management 
 of their inmates, the oflflcial conduct of trustees, directors, and other 
 officers and employes of the same the condition of the buildings, 
 grounds, arid other property connected therewith, and into all other 
 matters pertaining to their usefulness and good management; and 
 for these purposes they shall have free access to the grounds, build- 
 ings, and all books and papers relating to said institutions; and aU 
 persons now or hereafter connected with the same are hereby directed 
 and required to give such information, and afford such facilities for 
 inspection, as the said commissioners may require; and any neglect 
 or refusal on the part of any officer or person connected with such 
 institution to comply with any of the requirements of this act shall 
 subject the offender to a penalty of one hundred dollars (|100.00), 
 to be sued for and collected by the general agent in the name of 
 the board. The commissioners shall also have power to employ such 
 experts, clerks, stenographers, and other employes of all kinds as 
 the business of the Board of Public Charities and that of the Com- 
 mittee on Lunacy may require. 
 
 Part of Sec. 2, Act of May 1, 1913, P. L. 149, amending Sec. 5, Act of April 24, 
 1869, P. L. 90. 
 
 The commissioners herein referred to are the commissioners of the Board 
 of Public Charities. 
 
 98 
 
209. VISITATION BY BOAED OF PUBLIC CHARITIES. The 
 said commissioners, by themselves or their general agent, are hereby 
 authorized and required, at least once in each year, to visit all the 
 charitable and correctional institutions of the State receiving state 
 aid, and ascertain whether the moneys appropriated for their aid are 
 or have been economically and judiciously expended; whether the 
 objects of the several institutions are accomplished ; whether the laws 
 in relation to them are fully complied with ; whether all parts of the 
 State are equally benefitted by them, and the various other matters 
 referred to in the fifth section of this act ; and in their annual report 
 to the legislature, to embody the result of their investigations, together 
 with such other information and recommendations as they may deem 
 proper. 
 
 Sec. 6, Act of AprU 24, 1869, P. L. 90. 
 
 The "Commissioners" herein referred to are the Commissioners of the 
 Board of Public Charities. 
 
 210. BOARD OF PUBLIC CHARITIES TO DESIGISIATE 
 COUNTY VISITORS. PENALTY UPON OFFICERS OF INSTL 
 TUTIONS. The said board shall have power, by a resolution, to be 
 entered on its minutes, subject to such terms and regulations as it 
 may prescribe, to designate three or more persons in any county to 
 act, without compensation, as visitors in said county of the several 
 poor-houses and other institutions therein, subject to the visitation 
 of the board, in aid of and as representatives of such board ; and all 
 public officers and others in charge of such institutions shall admit to 
 said institutions all such persons so designated upon the production 
 of a copy of such resolution, certified by the president or secretary 
 of said board, to visit, examine and inspect the grounds and buildings 
 of every such institution and every part thereof, and all its hospital 
 and other arrangements, and to have free access to all its inmates. Any 
 public officer, superintendent or person in charge of any such insti- 
 tution, who shall refuse to admit any person so designated, or -shall 
 refuse to give said visitors all requisite facilities for the examination 
 and inspection herein provided for, shall be subject to a penalty of 
 two hundred and fifty dollars for each such refusal, which penalty may 
 be sued and recovered in the name of the people of the State, by the 
 district attorney of the county in which such institution is situated, 
 and the sum so recovered shall be paid into the treasury of the 
 State. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 7, 1874, P. L. 119. 
 
 The Board herein referred to is the Board of Public Charities. 
 
 211. WHEN OFFICIAL VISITORS MAY ENTER PENAL AND 
 REFORMATORY INSTITUTIONS. Any person designated by law 
 to be official visitor of any (jail, penitentiary, or other) penal or 
 
 »i9 
 
reformatory institution, in this Couimouwealtli, maintained at the 
 public expense, is hereby authorized and empowered to enter and visit 
 any such (jail, penitentiary, or other) penal or reformatory institu- 
 tion, on any and every day, including Sundays, between the hours 
 of. nine o'clock, ante meridian, and five o'clock, post meridian ; and 
 not before nine o'clock, ante meridian, or five o'clock, post meridian, 
 except with the special permission of the warden, manager, overseer, 
 or superintendent in charge of any such (jail, penitentiary, or other) 
 penal or reformatory institution. 
 Sec'. 1, Act of May 14, 1909, P. L. 838. 
 
 212. INTERVIEWS WITH INMATES OF PENAL AND EE- 
 FORMATOEY INSTITUTIONS BY OFFICIAL VISITOES. Upon 
 any such visit of any oflicial visitor to any such (jail, penitentiary, or 
 other) penal or reformatory institution, such visitor shall have the 
 right to interview privately any prisoner or inmate confined in any 
 such (jail, penitentiary, or other) penal or reformatory institution, 
 and for that purpose to enter the cell, room, or apartment wherein any 
 such prisoner or inmate shall be confined: Provided, however. That if 
 any warden, manager, overseer, superintendent, or person in charge 
 of such institution at the time of such visk, shall be of the opinion 
 that such entry by the official visitor into the cell, room, or apartment 
 of such prisoner or inmate would be dangerous to the discipline of the 
 institution, then and in that case the said warden, superintendent, 
 overseer, manager, or person in charge, conduct any prisoner or in- 
 mate, with whom such official visitor may desire a private interview, 
 into such other cell, room, or apartment within the institution as he 
 may designate, and there permit the private interview between the 
 official visitor and such prisoner or inmate to take place: Provided 
 further, however. That no official visitor shall have the right or power 
 of privately interviewing any such prisoner or inmate except prisoners 
 or inmates of the same sex as such official visitor. 
 
 Sec. -2, Act of May 14, 1909, P. L. 838. 
 
 213. OFFICIAL VISITOES PROHIBITED FEOM GIVING 
 CEETAIN CHATTELS AND OBJECTS TO INMATES OF PENAL 
 AND REFORMATORY INSTITUTIONS. All powers, functions, and 
 privileges heretofore belonging to official visitors of (jails, peniten- 
 tiaries, and) penal or reformatory institutions, under the common 
 statute laws, are hereby confirmed : Provided, however. That no such 
 official visitor shall have the right or power to give or deliver to any 
 prisoner or inmate of any such (jail, penitentiary, or) penal or re- 
 formatory institution, during such visit, any chattel or object whatso- 
 ever, except objects and articles of religious or moral instruction or 
 use. 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of May 14, 1909, P. L. 838. 
 
 100 
 
214. PENALTY. REMOVAL AS OFFICIAL VISITOR. If auy 
 such official visitor shall violate any of tlie prohibitions herein con- 
 tained, any warden, manager, overseer, or superintendent of any such 
 (jail, penitentiary,) penal or reformatory institution, may apply to 
 any court of common pleas in the county wherein such institution 
 may be situated, for a rule upon such visitor to show cause why he 
 or she should not be deprived of his or her office ; and upon proof to 
 the satisfaction of said court being made, such court shall enter a 
 decree against such official visitor, depriving him or her of all rights, 
 privileges, and functions of official visitor. 
 
 See. 4, Aet of May 14, 1909, P. L. 838. 
 
 XI 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS RELATING TO 
 INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 215. HOUSES OF REFUGE AND REFORM SCHOOLS CHANG- 
 ING NAMES TO HAVE BENEFIT OF CERTAIN LAWS. When- 
 ever any house of refuge or reform school, now incorporated and 
 existing within this Commonwealth, shall have duly changed its 
 name in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth, all laws 
 applicable to such house of refuge or reform school, within this 
 Commonwealth, shall be equally applicable to such institution, by 
 whatever name it shall thereafter be known. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of March 18, 1909, P. L. 44. 
 
 216. REASONS FOR REMOVAL QF HOUSES OP REFUGE 
 AND INSTITUTIONS OP REFORMATION. WHEREAS, Experi- 
 
 ^ ence has demonstrated that houses of refuge and institutions for the 
 reformation of juvenile delinquents can be more successfully conducted 
 on farms in the country, where the family life and home influence can 
 more nearly be secured and agricultural and other industrial occupa- 
 tions more easily secured ; 
 
 And whereas. The managers of such institutions located in cities 
 may desire to remove them, or some department of them, to the 
 country, where these advantages can be obtained. 
 Preamble to Act of May 13, 1889, P. L. 209. 
 
 217. REMOVAL OF HOUSES OF REFUGE AND REFORMA- 
 TORIES. OFFICE FOR SERVICE OF PROCESS. Wherever, by 
 virtue of its charter, any house of refuge or institution for the reforma- 
 tion of juvenile delinquents is now, or may hereafter be, located in a 
 city, it shall and may be lawful for the managers thereof, whenever 
 in their discretion it may be desirable, to purchase real estate and 
 
 101 
 
locate such institution, or any depailmeuL tliereof, in a rural district 
 in the same or in any county otter than that in which it has thereto- 
 fore been located: Trovided, That, if removing to another county, 
 the managers shall iile in the office of the clerk of the court of quarter 
 sessions of the county in which the institution has theretofore been 
 located, a certified copy, under the seal of the corporation, of a 
 resolution appointing some place within said county as its office, where 
 writs of habeas corpus or other legal process issuing out of the 
 courts of said county and directed to said managers may be served, 
 which process it is heieby made incumbent upon said managers to 
 obey with the same force and effect, as though issuing out of the courts 
 of the county in which said institution or department thereof shall 
 be located. , 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 13, 1889, P. L. 209. 
 
 218. EXTENSION OP LAWS TO INSTITUTIONS KEMOVED. 
 All laws or part of laws relating to. the commitment of children to 
 the class of institutions named in the first section of this act, shall 
 apply with equal force and effect to any such institution, or any de- 
 partment thereof, when removed in pursuance of said section to some 
 locality outside of the limits of the county in which said institution 
 was originally located. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 13, 1889, P. L. 209. 
 
 219. REVIEW OF INMATES OP INSTITUTIONS EEMOVED. 
 POWER OF JUDGES TO REMAND OR DISCHARGE. Whenever, 
 by existing law, it has been provided that commitments to any house 
 of refuge or institution for the reformation of juvenile delinquents, 
 made by an alderman, justice of the peace or magistrate of a county, 
 shall at stated times be reviewed by the judge or judges of the court 
 of common pleas of the said county, it shall be incumbent upon the 
 managers of such institutions, which shall be lemoved either wholly or 
 in part from said county, in pursuance of section one of this act, at 
 such stated times to present the children so committed to such in- 
 stitution or department thereof outside of said county, together 
 with their commitments, before the judges of the said county, at the 
 place designated by the said managers as its office for the service of 
 process, and the judges of the said county are hereby authorized and 
 empowered to remand or discharge any child so committed, with the 
 same force and effect as though such institution, or department there- 
 of, were still located within said county. 
 
 See. 3, Act of May 13, 1889, P. h. 209. 
 
 220. VISITATION OP INSTITUTION REMOVED, BY JUDGES. 
 POWER OF JUDGES TO ORDER DISCHARGES. It shall be the 
 duty of the judge, or one of the judges alternately in such manner as 
 
 in2 
 
luay be arranged between tliem, of the court of commou pleas of tlie 
 county to which such institution, or department thereof, may be 
 removed, to visit such institution once in each month, or oftener if 
 in his or their discretion it may be necessary, and if in the judgment 
 of such visiting judge there is any child illegally detained therein 
 he shall forthwith order bis or their discharge, or appoint a time and 
 place for further investigation and act in the premises as in his dis- 
 cretion he may deem proper. 
 Sec. i, Act of May 13, 1889, P. L. 209. 
 
 221. LAWS MADE APPLICABLE TO INSTITUTIONS RE- 
 MOVED. All charters, laws or parts of laws, relating to houses of 
 refuge and institutions for the reformation of juvenile delinquents, 
 not inconsistent herewith, shall be equally applicable to them or any 
 department of them, whether located in the county originally desig- 
 nated by their charter or removed to another county in pursuance of 
 section one of this act. 
 
 See-. 5, Act of May 13, 1889, P. L. 209. 
 
 222. APPROPRIATIONS TO SOCIETIES BY CITIES OF THE 
 FIRST AND SECOND CLASSES. Authority is hereby given to 
 every city of the first and second classes, in the discretion of the 
 councils thereof, to make appropriations from the treasury thereof to 
 any society having for one of its objects the protection of children 
 from cruelty or the placing of children not otherwise provided for in 
 families, to which society children of the citizens of said city may by 
 law be committed by the magistrate or judges of the county within 
 which said city may be situated, and all laws and parts of laws in- 
 consistent herewith are hereby repealed. 
 
 Sec. 7, Act of June 8, 1893, P. L. 399. 
 
 The following approval is attached to this act. 
 
 Approved — The 8th of June, A. D. 1893. The general purpose of this 
 bill as embodied in its first six sections meets with my hearty approval. 
 The seventh section is not covered by the title to the bill arid is not 
 cognate to its general purposes. I am of the opinion that so much of it 
 is therefore unconstitutional, and will be so held by the courts when sub- 
 mitted to the test; inasmuch, however, as it has been well settled by a 
 line of judicial decisions that the invalid portions of a statute may be 
 declared inoperative without affecting the remainder of the law. I have 
 given this act my approval with this timely notice that its seventh and 
 concluding section is in my judgment inaffeetive . 
 
 The commitments herein referred to are those made under sections 
 1 and 2 of this act, see infra sections 167 and 168. 
 
 223. APPROPRIATIONS BY CITIES OP THE FIRST CLASS 
 TO HOUSES OF REFUGE AND REFORMATORIES. Every city 
 of the first class be and it is hereby authorized, in the discretion of 
 
 103 
 
the councils thereof, to make appropriations, from the treasury of 
 said city, to houses of refuge and institutions for the reformation of 
 juvenile delinquents, to which children of the citizens of said city 
 may, by law, be committed, by the courts, judges or magistrates of 
 the county, within which such city may be situate, (and all laws or 
 parts of laws inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed). 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 25, 1887, P. L, 265, No. 149. 
 
 XII 
 MISCELLANEOUS PENAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 224. MINORS REPRESENTING THEMSELVES TO BE OF 
 AGE IN ORDER TO OBTAIN LIQUOR GUILTY OF MISDEMEAN- 
 OR. PENALTY. Any person, under the age of twenty-one years, who 
 shall knowingly and falsely represent himself to be twenty-one years 
 of age to any licensed inn-keeper, restaurant keeper, or other person, 
 for the purpose of procuring or having furnished to him, by sale, gift, 
 or otherwise, any intoxicating liquors, shall be guilty of a mis- 
 demeanor; and upon conviction thereof in any court of quarter ses- 
 sions shall be sentenced to pay a fine of not more than fifty dollars, 
 or undergo an imprisonment in the county jail for a period not ex- 
 ceeding sixty days. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 20, 1913, P. L, 246, amending Sec. 1, Act of May 10, 1881, 
 P. L. 12. 
 
 225. MINORS IN POSSESSION OF CIGARET OR CIGARET 
 PAPER REFUSING TO DISCLOSE FROM WHOM OBTAINED 
 GUILTY OF MISDEMEANOR. PENALTY. MINORS UNDER 
 SIXTEEN. Any minor, being in possession of a cigaret or of cigaret 
 paper, and being by any police officer, constable, juvenile court offlcer, 
 truant officer, or teacher in any school, asked where and from whom 
 such cigaret or cigaret paper was obtained, who shall refuse to 
 furnish such information, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor; and upon 
 conviction thereof, before any alderman, magistrate, or justice of the 
 peace, such minor, being of the age of sixteen years or upwards, shall 
 be sentenced to pay a fine not exceeding five dollars, or to undergo 
 an imprisonment in the jail of the proper county not exceeding five 
 days, or both. If such minor shall be under the age of sixteen years, 
 he or she shall be certified by such alderman, magistrate, or justice 
 to the juvenile court of the county, for such action as to said court 
 shall seem proper. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May 9, 1913, P. L. 198. 
 
 226. PERSONS CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENCY OF 
 MINORS GUILTY OF A MISDEMEANOR. All persons who con- 
 
 104 
 
tribute to the delinquency of any minor to whom the jurisdiction of 
 any juvenile court within this Commonwealth has attached, or shall 
 hereafter attach, or who knowingly assist or encourage such minor in 
 violating his or her parole or any order of the said court, shall be 
 guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction shall be sentenced to 
 pay a fine of not more than five hundred dollars, or to undergo im- 
 prisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or both, at the dis- 
 cretion of the court. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 6, 1909, P. L. 434, supplementing Act of April 23, 1903, 
 P. L. 274. 
 
 227. AGE OF DELINQUENT PRESUMED IN CERTAIN 
 CASES. In trials or hearings upon charges of violating the provi- 
 sions of this act, knowledge of the delinquent's minority, and of the 
 said court's orders and decrees concerning such minor, shall be pre- 
 sumed in the absence of satisfactory proof of the contrary, 
 
 iSec. 2, Act of May 6, 1909, P. L. 434, supplementing Act of April 23, 1908, 
 P. I;. 274. 
 
 228. PARENT OR PERSON CHARGED WITH CARE OF 
 CHILD UNDER SIXTEEN ABANDONING OR WILFULLY OMIT- 
 TING TO FURNISH FOOD, ETC., GUILTY OF MISDEMEANOR. 
 PENALTY. DISPOSITION OF FINE. EVIDENCE A parent or 
 other person charged with the care and custody, for nurture or educa- 
 tion, of a child under the age of sixteen years, who abandons the 
 child in destitute circumstances, and wilfully omits to furnish neces- 
 sary and proper food, clothing, or shelter for such child, shall be 
 guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be 
 punished by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by im- 
 prisonment not exceeding two years, or both or either, at the discre- 
 tion of the court In case a fine is imposed, the same may be applied, 
 in the discretion of the court, to the support of such child. Proof of 
 the abandonment of such child in destitute circumstances, and omis- 
 sion to furnish necessary and proper food, clothing, or shelter, shall 
 be prima facie evidence that such omission was wilful. 
 
 Sec. 1, Act of May 29, 1907, P. L. 318. 
 
 229. PARENT OR PERSON CHARGED WITH CARE OF 
 CHILD UNDER SIXTEEN PERMITTING SUCH CHILD TO RE- 
 MAIN IN HOUSES OF PROSTITUTION, OR WHERE OPIUM IS 
 SMOKED GUILTY OF MISDEMEANOR. PENALTY, A parent or 
 other person charged with the care or custody, for nurture or educa- 
 tion, of a child under the age of sixteen years, who suffers or permits 
 any such child to be or remain in any reputed house of prostitution or 
 assignation, or in any place where opium or any preparation thereof 
 is smoked, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction there- 
 
 105 
 
of, shall be puij,islied by a fine uot exceeding one thousand dollars, 
 or by iinprisoiinient not exceeding two years, or both or either, at the 
 discretion of the court. 
 
 Sec. 2, Act of May .29, 1907, P. L. 318. 
 
 230. CERTAIN RULI^S OF EVIDENCE NOT TO APPLY. Any 
 
 provision of law prohibiting the, disclosure of confidential communica- 
 tions between husband and wife shall not apply to prosecution for the 
 offenses herein defined. ' 
 
 Sec. 3, Act of May 29, 1907, P. L. 318. 
 
 K)(l 
 
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF STATUTES IN TEXT. 
 
 1^, March 23, P, L, 133, Sec. 6, llS 
 
 1827, March 2, P. L. 76, Sec. i, , 119 
 
 1^, April 10, P. L. 133, Sec. 1, ; t.'........*.;.; 117 
 
 Sec. 2, ; 118 
 
 ,- Sec. 3 '. 126 
 
 jifeO, April 11, P. L. 448, Sec. 7, 116 
 
 ISi50, April 22, I». li. 538, See. 15, 87 
 
 I- Sec. 16, 88 
 
 , Sec. 19, 90 
 
 1850, April 25, P. L. 569, Sec. 6, 127 
 
 1$54, January 26, P. L. 12, Sec. 1, 120 
 
 '^'. ' " " Sec. 2, .........; 121 
 
 See. 3, 122 
 
 1855, January 31, P. L. 6, Sec. 1, 92 
 
 Sec. 2, 93 
 
 i857, Apfii 16, P. L. 219> Sec. 1, ., 91 
 
 1857, May 12, P. L. 454, Sec. 1, ,...,;..'....... ! 94, 125 
 
 1858, AprU 22, P. L. 452, Sec. 1, .'..'. 128 
 
 18ffi, April 8, P. L. 318, Sec. 1, ; , 95 
 
 1862, April 11, P. L. 425, Sec. 1, ......'...!..,........... '89 
 
 1967, January 10, P. L. 1371, Sec. 1, 123 
 
 ,;," Sec. 2, 124 
 
 1868, April 11, P. L. 847, Sec. 1, , 96 
 
 1869, April 24, P. L. 90, Sec. 4, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 5, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 6, .' 209 
 
 kp, Ju-jc 2, V. L,.1301, Sec. 2, -. 151 
 
 Sec. 3, 152 
 
 Sec. 4, , , 153 
 
 Sec. 5, ::.... 154 
 
 Sec. 6, , 155 
 
 Sec. 7, 157 
 
 Sec. 8, , 158 
 
 Sec. 9, ,.... 159 
 
 ^. , Sec' 13, .!.....'.... 156 
 
 J874, May . 7, P. L. 119, See. 1, 210 
 
 1875, April 12, P. L. 46, Sec. 1, ,.... 160 
 
 Sec. 2, : 161 
 
 See. 3, , 162 
 
 Sec. 4, 163 
 
 Sec. 5, ,..,, .205 
 
 Sec. 6, ...- 164 
 
 1.8'79, June 4, P. L. 84, See. 1, , 201 
 
 18>9, June 11, P. L. 140, Sec. 1, , ,176 
 
 i§79, June 11, P. L. 142, See. 7, '.. ' 41 
 
 '^' Sec. 9, 42 
 
 Sec. 12. ,.•■•.. 43 
 
 107 
 
1883, June 13, P. L. HI, 
 
 1883, June 13, P. L. 112, 
 
 1887. AprU 28, P. L. 63, 
 
 1889, May 13, P. L. 209, 
 
 1881, May 10, P. L. 12, Sec. 1. (Amended) 
 
 1881, June 8, P. L. -63,860. 8, 
 
 See. 9, 
 
 Sec. 1, 
 
 Sec. 2, 
 
 Sec. 3, 
 
 Sec. 1, 
 
 See. 2, , 
 
 Sec. 3, 
 
 Sec. i, 
 
 See. 5 
 
 Sec. 6, 
 
 Sec. 7, 
 
 Sec. 8, 
 
 Sec. 9, ...'. 
 
 Sec. 10, 
 
 Sec. 11, 
 
 Sec. 12, 
 
 Sec. 13, 
 
 Sec. 14, 
 
 Sec. 15, 
 
 Sec. 16, 
 
 Sec. 17, 
 
 1887, May 25, P. L. 265, Sec. 1, 
 
 1889, May 13, P. L. 192, Sec. 1, 
 
 Sec. 2, 
 
 (Preamble), 
 
 Sec. 1, 
 
 Sec. 2 
 
 Sec. 3, '. 
 
 Sec. 4, '. 
 
 Sec. 5, 
 
 Sec. 1, 
 
 Sec. 2, 
 
 Sec. 3, 
 
 Sec. 4, 
 
 1893, June 6, P. L. 326, See. 1, 
 
 See. 2, 
 
 Sec. 3, 
 
 Sec.4, 
 
 Sec. 5, (Amended) 
 
 1893, June 8, P. L. 380, Sec. 1, 
 
 Sec. 2, 
 
 Sec. 3, 
 
 Sec. 4, 
 
 Sec. 5, 
 
 Sec. 6 
 
 See. 7, 
 
 1893, June 12, P. L. 459, See. 1 
 
 Sec. 2, ;.!.... 
 
 1?95, June 24, P. L. 265, «ec. 1, 
 
 1897, May 12, P. h. 65, (Preamble) 
 
 Sec. 1, 
 
 Sec. 2, 
 
 Sec. 3, ;,,,,.■ :■ 
 
 108 
 
 1891, May 20, P. L. 100, 
 
 69 
 
 70 
 
 171 
 
 107 
 
 150 
 
 181 
 
 182 
 
 183 
 
 65 
 
 6e 
 
 67 
 
 73 
 
 71 
 
 72 
 
 74 
 
 77 
 
 78 
 
 68 
 
 85 
 
 75 
 
 76 
 
 86 
 
 223 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 216 
 
 217 
 
 218 
 
 219 
 
 220 
 
 221 
 
 177 
 
 178 
 
 179 
 
 180 
 
 79 
 
 80 
 
 81 
 
 82 
 
 167 
 
 168 
 
 169 
 
 170 
 
 200 
 
 204 
 
 222 
 
 44 
 
 35 
 
 84 
 
 27 
 
 30 
 
1897, June 
 
 18, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 170, 
 
 1399. March 
 
 22. P. 
 
 h. 
 
 15, 
 
 1899, AprU 
 
 13, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 «. 
 
 1899, AprU 
 
 28, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 73, 
 
 1899, AprU 
 
 28, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 122, 
 
 1901, May 
 
 11, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 158, 
 
 1901. May 
 
 11, P. 
 
 li. 
 
 187, 
 
 1901, JiUy 
 
 2. P. 
 
 li. 
 
 601, 
 
 1903, February 26. P. 
 
 li. 
 
 8, 
 
 1903. March 
 
 5, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 11. 
 
 1903, March 
 
 26, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 68. 
 
 1903, March 
 
 27, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 83, 
 
 1903, AprU 
 
 3. P. 
 
 L. 
 
 137, 
 
 1903, AprU 
 
 15, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 208, 
 
 1903, AprU 
 
 23, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 274, 
 
 1907, May 29, P. L. 318, 
 
 1907, May 31, P. I/. 331, 
 1907, June 7, P. L. 438. 
 
 1909, March 
 
 18, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 44, 
 
 1909, March 
 
 24, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 62, 
 
 1909, AprU 
 
 1, P. 
 
 I/. 
 
 89, 
 
 1909, AprU 
 
 22, P. 
 
 L. 
 
 113, 
 
 1909, April 
 
 22, P. 
 
 li. 
 
 119, 
 
 1909, May 
 
 1, P. 
 
 li. 
 
 302, 
 
 Sec. 4, 31 
 
 Sec. 6. 32 
 
 Sec. 6, 33 
 
 Sec. 2, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 1, 40 
 
 Sec. 2, 64 
 
 Sec. 1, 199 
 
 Sec. 1, 83 
 
 Sec. 1, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 1, -. 61 
 
 Sec. 1 165 
 
 Sec. 2, 166 
 
 Sec. 1, ; 18 
 
 Sec. 2, 19 
 
 See. 3, 20 
 
 Sec. 4, 21 
 
 Sec. 5, 22 
 
 Sec. 6, 23 
 
 Sec. 7, 24 
 
 Sec. 8 25 
 
 Sec. 9, 26 
 
 Sec. 1, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 1, 206 
 
 Sec. 1, 34 
 
 Sec. 1 60 
 
 Sec. 1, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 1, 59 
 
 (Preamble) , 1 
 
 Sec. 1, 2 
 
 Sec. 2, 3 
 
 Sec. 3, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 4, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 5, 168 
 
 Sec. 6, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 7, 14 
 
 Sec. 8, (Amended) 
 
 See. 9, 38 
 
 Sbc. 10, 39 
 
 Sec. U, 43 
 
 Sec. 1, 228 
 
 Sec. 2, 229 
 
 Sec. 3, 230 
 
 Sec. 1, 58 
 
 Sec. 1, r 50 
 
 Sec. 2, 51 
 
 Sec. 3, 55 
 
 Sec. 4,^ 52,56 
 
 Sec. .1, 215 
 
 Sec. 1 172 
 
 Sec. 1, 9 
 
 Sec. 1, 173 
 
 Sec. 1 45 
 
 Sec. 1, (Amended) 
 
 Sec. 2 ISO 
 
 109 
 

 
 
 
 Sec. 
 
 
 
 
 
 '.^ec. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sec. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sec. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sec. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sec. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sec. 
 
 1909, 
 
 [ ^ 
 
 May 
 
 6, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 434, Sec. 
 Sec. 
 
 1909, 
 
 May 
 
 ii. 
 
 P. 
 
 li. 838, Sec. 
 Sec. 
 Sec. 
 Sec. 
 
 1911, 
 
 March 
 
 15, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 18, Sec. 
 
 im. 
 
 May 
 
 11, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 262. Sec. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 1911, 
 
 May 
 
 11, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 268, Sec. 
 Sec. 
 
 1^11, 
 
 May 
 
 11, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 270, Sec. 
 Sec. 
 
 1911, 
 
 May 
 
 18, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 309, Sec. : 
 
 1911, 
 
 June 
 
 1, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 543, Sec. 
 
 1911, 
 
 June 
 
 7, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 676. Sec. 
 Sec. 
 
 1911, 
 
 June 
 
 9, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 836, Sec. 
 
 1911, 
 
 June 
 
 15, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 959, Sec. 
 
 1913, 
 
 May 
 
 1, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 149, Sec. 
 Sec. 
 
 1913, 
 
 May 
 
 8, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 166, Sec. 
 Sec. 
 
 1913, 
 
 May 
 
 8, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 177. Sec. 
 
 1913, 
 
 May 
 
 9, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 198, Sec. 
 
 1913, 
 
 May 
 
 20, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 246, Sec. 
 
 1913, 
 
 May 
 
 20, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 262, Sec. 
 
 1^3, 
 
 May 
 
 20, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 263, Sec. 
 
 1913, 
 
 June 
 
 6, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 452, Sec. 
 Sec. 
 
 1913, 
 
 July 
 
 12, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 711. Sec. 
 Sec. 
 Sec. : 
 Sec. : 
 
 1913, 
 
 July 
 
 21, 
 
 P. 
 
 L. 870, See. 
 
 1913, 
 
 July 
 
 25, 
 
 P. 
 
 L.1039, Sec. 
 
 1913, 
 
 July 
 
 25, 
 
 P. 
 
 L.1311, Sec. : 
 Sec. : 
 See. : 
 Sec. : 
 Sec. : 
 Sec. : 
 Sec. : 
 Sec. : 
 Sec. : 
 Sec. ; 
 Sec. ; 
 Sec. '. 
 
 3, , 131 
 
 4, (Amended) 
 
 5, . (Amended^ ,, -^ ,i.. -.^r... , ■..,.. 
 
 6, :. ;.!!.!j,.\r.!.^....^^.. \m. 
 
 7, (Amended) 
 
 8, .;:::;...: f^v-. r.-;:,.. ,^7- 
 
 9, ; I...... .., . ]i38 
 
 1, ;.. ...'„ ]m 
 
 2 ■ [W 
 
 1, 211 
 
 2, .......!...'.... 212 
 
 3, 213 
 
 i, ...'. '..... ...;.^..' 214 
 
 1, 135 
 
 2, 129 
 
 3; 133 
 
 1, 12 
 
 2, 13 
 
 1, '.._ 53 
 
 2, 54 
 
 1438, 3a 
 
 1, (Amended) ' . 
 
 1, .;...v.'....^;.'!.;j '. '62 
 
 2, '..'..: 63 
 
 1, ..; '. 4§ 
 
 1, ; 36 
 
 1, 207 
 
 2, ...: ;.:..r...... '268 
 
 1, 174 
 
 2, 175 
 
 1, 57 
 
 2, 225 
 
 1, 224 
 
 1, 136 
 
 1, 132 
 
 1, 202 
 
 2, 203 
 
 8 7 
 
 9, (Amended) 
 
 11, (Amended 
 13, 8 
 
 1 17 
 
 1, (Amended) 
 
 10, : 97 
 
 11 99 
 
 12, ..: 100 
 
 13, ipi 
 
 1*, 102, 
 
 15, 103 
 
 16, ,^ 104: 
 
 17, :. :: :u)5, 
 
 18, , 106: 
 
 19 107 
 
 20 109 
 
 2' 110 
 
 110 
 
Sec. 22, Ill 
 
 Sec. 23, 112 
 
 Sec. 24, 113 
 
 Sec. 25, 114 
 
 See. 27, 108 
 
 Sec. 28,- 98 
 
 1915, March 19, P. L. 5, Sec. 1, : i 
 
 ^ Sec. 2 5 
 
 Sec. 3, 10 
 
 1915, May 5, P. L. 244, gee. 1, 139 
 
 Sec. 2, 140 
 
 See. 3, 141 
 
 Sec. 4, 142 
 
 Sec. 5, 143 
 
 Sec. 6, 144 
 
 Sec. 7, 145 
 
 Sec. 8, Its 
 
 Sec. 9, 147 
 
 See. 10, 148 
 
 Sec. 11, 149 
 
 1915, May 13, P. L. 304, Sec. 1, 37 
 
 1915, June 1, P. L. 652, Sec. 1, 46 
 
 Sec. 2, 47 
 
 1915, June 1, P. L. 654, Sec". 1, 184 
 
 1915, June 1, P. L. 656, Sec. 1, 185 
 
 Sec. 2, 186 
 
 Sec. 3, 187 
 
 See. 4, : 188 
 
 Sec. 5, 180 
 
 Sec; 6, 190 
 
 Sec. 7, 191 
 
 Sec. 8, 192 
 
 Sec. 9, .' 193 
 
 Sec. 10, : 194 
 
 Sec. 11, 195 
 
 Sec. 12, .^ 196 
 
 1915, June 15, P. L. 988, See. 1, '. 11 
 
 1915, June 17, P. L. 1017, Sec. 1, 6 
 
 111 
 
(112) 
 
Manufactured by 
 
 GAYLORD BROS.rnc. 
 
 Syracuse, N. Y. 
 
 Stockton, Calif.