z 
 
 (Borw^ll Uttivmitg pbwg 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 
 .Wibaenflj»^.93taodBU^ 
 
 A-Z^O-^ Hr }x] J. 3.. 
 
Cornell University Library 
 Z6945 .W81 1911 
 
 Annotated catalogue of newspaper files 
 
 olin 
 
 3 1924 029 609 181 
 
Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://archive.org/details/cu31924029609181 
 
Annotated Catalogue of 
 
 Newspaper Files in the Library of 
 
 The State Historical Society of Wisconsin 
 
 Second edition, compiled by 
 
 Ada Tyng Griswold, M. L. 
 
 •ef the Library Staff 
 
 Madison 
 
 Published by the Society 
 
 191 1 
 

 J.OOO COPIES PBIOTBD 
 
 DEMOCRAT PRINTING CO., MADI80W, STAIS PEWTER 
 
Contents 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PAGE 
 
 OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY, 1911-12 . . . . . vii 
 
 Preface ........ ix 
 
 Explanatory ......... xii 
 
 CATALOGUE OF NEWSPAPERS 
 
 I. The United States— 
 
 Alabama ....... 1 
 
 Alaska 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 California 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Colorado 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 COIUJECTICUT . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 Delaware 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 District of Columbia 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 Florida 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 26 
 
 Georgia 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 27 
 
 Idaho . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 Illinois 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3C 
 
 Indian Territory 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 59 
 
 Indiana 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 59 
 
 Iowa 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 63 
 
 Kansas 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 67 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 72 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 76 
 
 Maine . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 79 
 
 Maryland 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 82 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 87 
 
 Michigan 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 119 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 124 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 133 
 
 Missouri 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 133 
 
 Montana 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 140 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 141 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 143 
 
 New Hampshire 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 143 
 
 New Jersey . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 146 
 
 [iii] 
 
Contents 
 
 Tbe United States — continued 
 
 
 
 
 
 page- 
 
 New Mexico .... ! '' 
 
 New York 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 150 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 211 
 
 North Dakota 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 212' 
 
 Ohio 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 212 
 
 Oklahoma 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 235 
 
 Oregon 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 235 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 237 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 262 
 
 South Carolina 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 263 
 
 South Dakota 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 267 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 268 
 
 Texas . 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 273 
 
 Utah 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 276 
 
 Vermont 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 277 
 
 Virginia 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 280 
 
 "Washington . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 289 
 
 West Virginia 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 292 
 
 "Wyoming 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 293 
 
 "Wisconsin 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 293 
 
 11. Outlying Possessions — 
 
 Hawaii ....... 464 
 
 Philippine Islands ...... 464 
 
 Porto Rico ....... 464 
 
 III. Foreign Newspapers — 
 
 Argentine Republic ..... 465- 
 
 Australia 
 
 
 
 
 
 465 
 
 Austria 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 466 
 
 Belgium 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 466 
 
 Canada 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 467 
 
 China . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 471 
 
 Cuba 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 472 
 
 Denmark 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 472 
 
 France 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 472 
 
 Germany 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 475 
 
 Holland 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 477 
 
 Iceland 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 477 
 
 Italy . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 477 
 
 Japan . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 47& 
 
 Liberia 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 478 
 
 Mexico 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 47» 
 
 New Zealand 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 478 
 
 Norway 
 
 .. 
 
 
 
 
 
 47» 
 
 Peru . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 47» 
 
 [iY] 
 
Contents 
 
 roumania ..... 
 
 South Africa ..... 
 
 Spain ...... 
 
 Sweden ..... 
 
 Switzerland ..... 
 
 United Kingdom (Great Britain and Ireland) 
 Venezuela ..... 
 
 West Indies ..... 
 
 PAGB 
 
 48a 
 
 480 
 480 
 481 
 481 
 481 
 497 
 497 
 
 Newspaper Scrap-Books- 
 
 1752-to date . 
 
 500 
 
 Index 
 
 502 
 
 [v] 
 
Officers of the Society, 1 9 1 1 - 1 2 . 
 
 President 
 
 Lucius Charles Colman, B. A 
 
 Hon. Emil Baensch . 
 "Hon. Burr W. Jones, M. A. 
 Hon. John Luchsingkr 
 Hon. Benjamin P. McMillan 
 Hon. William J. Starr, LL. 
 Hon. John B. Winslow, LL. D 
 
 A. . 
 
 La Crosse 
 
 Vice Presidents 
 
 
 
 Manitowoc 
 
 
 Madison 
 
 
 Monroe 
 
 
 McMillan 
 
 B. . 
 
 Eau Claire 
 
 D. . . . 
 
 Madison 
 
 Superintendent 
 Reuben Gold Thwaites, LL. D. . 
 
 Madison 
 
 Hon. Lucien S. Hanks 
 
 Treasurer 
 
 Madison 
 
 Curators, Ex-Officio 
 
 Hon. Francis E. McGovern 
 Hon. James A. Prear 
 Hon. Andrew H. Dahl 
 
 Governor 
 Secretary of State 
 State Treasurer 
 
 Curators, Elective 
 
 Term expires at annual meeting in 1912 
 
 Thomas E. Brittingham, Esq. 
 Henry C. Campbell, Esq. 
 William K. Coffin, M. S. 
 Richard T. Ely, LL. D. 
 Hon. Lucien S. Hanks 
 Nils P. Haugen, LL. B. 
 
 Col. Hiram Hayes 
 Rev. Patrick B. Knox 
 Maj. Frank W. Oakley 
 Arthur L. Sanborn, LL. B. 
 E. Ray Stevens, LL. B. 
 William W. Wight, M. A. 
 
 [vii] 
 
Officers of the Society 
 
 Term expires at annual meeting in 191 3 
 
 Jairus H. Carpenter, LL. D. 
 Victor Coffin, Ph. D. 
 Lucius C. Colman, B. A. 
 Matthew 8. Dudgeon, M. A. 
 Carl R. Fish, Ph. D. 
 Hon. Benjamin F. McMillan 
 
 Daha C. Munro, M. A. 
 William A. P. Morris, B. A. 
 Robert G. Siebbcker, LL. B> 
 William J. Stahb, LL. B. 
 Edward B. Steensland, Esq. 
 Charles R. Van Hise, LL. D. 
 
 Term expires at annual meeting in 19 14 
 
 Rasmus B. Anderson, LL. D. 
 Hon. Emil Baensch 
 Charles N. Brown, LL. B. 
 Frederic K. Conoter, LL. B. 
 Alfred A. Jackson, M. A. 
 Burr W. Jones, M. A. 
 
 Hon. John Luchsinger 
 Most Ret. S. G. Messmeb 
 J. Howard Palmer, Esq. 
 John B. Parkinson, M. A. 
 Frederic L. Paison, Ph. D. 
 William A. Scott, LL. D. 
 
 Executive Committee 
 
 The thirty-six curators, the superintendent, the governor, the secretary 
 of state, and the state treasurer (forty in all) constitute the executive 
 committee. 
 
 [viii] 
 
Preface 
 
 The first edition of the Annotated Catalogue of Newspaper 
 Files in the Wisconsin State Historical Library was published in 
 1898, and compiled by the late Emma Helen Blair, then a member 
 of the staff. In the intervening fourteen years, the Library's files 
 have greatly increased in number of volumes and in geographical 
 range; a second edition has therefore become necessary. In 
 its preparation, the matter published in the first edition has been 
 used as a basis; but in the effort to bring the new volume down to 
 date, to include new files, and to introduce fresh data in the his- 
 torical notes, thousands of changes have been made. The alpha- 
 betization, typography, and make-up of the present volume are 
 also quite different from the former; and in these respects at least, 
 there has been marked improvement both in appearance and in 
 facility of consultation. 
 
 Explanation seems necessary regarding the newly-adopted al- 
 phabetical arrangement. The classification by states and cities is 
 obvious; the order of titles under each city, however, may at first 
 seem eccentric. But the word in the title which is most commonly 
 used or is more descriptive, has been chosen as the one determin- 
 ing the alphabetical position — not as commonly done, the first 
 word in the title. This selected word (which in the Library of 
 Congress Check List of Newspapers, whose style we have fol- 
 lowed in this particular, is called the "surname" of the paper) has 
 been printed in small capitals, thus: "Laboe Advocate", Alaba- 
 ma Watchman", "National Democrat." 
 
 The following descriptive title-words have, among many others, 
 been selected as descriptive surnames: "Labor", "social", social- 
 ist", "commercial", "industrial", "mercantile", "workmen's", "co- 
 operative", "religious", "woman's", "dramatic", "Christian", 
 "union", "united" — also the names of trades, professions, denomi- 
 nations, and nationalities. In our system of surname alphabeti- 
 
 [ix] 
 
Preface 
 
 zation, we have disregarded such adjectives as daily", weekly", 
 "Sunday", "American", "national", "general", "Western", "New 
 England", "Federal", "Eepublican", and "independent"— unless 
 that adjective is essential to the characterization of the paper. So 
 also have we disregarded the names of cities and states, and for 
 the most part the names of the editors when preceding the title. 
 In the last mentioned case, however, we have retained editors' 
 names when popular usage has made them the most important part 
 of the title — as "LaFoixette's Magazine," "Niles' Register", and 
 "Pomekot's Democrat." Where a paper has several titles, we 
 have set in small capitals only the surname first appearing — as 
 "Arkansas State Gazette and Democrat." It is believed 
 that this arrangement, although necessarily arbitrary, will be 
 readily understood, and will facilitate the use of the Catalogue. 
 
 Even more vexing than alphabetization, in a publication of this 
 character, is the problem of determining what publications should 
 be included. In this particular, librarians have always found it 
 impossible to draw hard-and-fast lines. Frequency of publication 
 is no criterion — the early news-letters were of infrequent issue, 
 and some of the current monthlies are strictly news journals. 
 Neither is the title always a guide — in the last century, some so- 
 called "magazines" (e. g., the Worcester (Mass.) Magazine) were 
 undoubted newspapers. In solving this problem for ourselves, 
 we have quite disregarded either title or frequency of issue. This 
 Catalogue includes not only newspapers in the ordinary acceptation 
 of the term, but all journals that are organs of societies, trades, or 
 special interests — such as missionary, religious, reform, literary, 
 art, professional, commercial, family, illustrated, labor, etc.; for 
 in these, news features are predominant. The shades of dis- 
 tinction, however, are often so vague, that probably neither bib- 
 liographers nor lexicographers will ever generally agree on any 
 infallible definition of a newspaper. 
 
 The present compilation is chiefly the work of Ada Tyng Gris- 
 w old. Throughout she has had the active cooperation of several 
 other members of the Library staff, both in the Editorial and the 
 Newspaper departments; but to her intelligent perseverance and 
 resourcefulness, displayed amid many discouragements, are due a 
 very large share of whatever credit may attach to this publication. 
 It would be pleasant to name the correspondents who have fur- 
 nished to Miss Griswold data for the new notes or for the better- 
 ment of the old; but these represent hundreds of newspaper oflices 
 
 [*] 
 
Preface 
 
 and space forbids the mention of them all. We can but thank 
 them and the authors of hundreds of local histories, en masse. In 
 obtaining information from so many sources, and under such vary- 
 ing circumstances, it would be surprising if errors did not occur. 
 We are, indeed, confident that such exist; but will be grateful to 
 be set aright, that future editions may have the benefit of the 
 corrections. 
 
 December, 1911. K. G. Thwaites. 
 
 [*i] 
 
Explanatory 
 
 The height of each volume is indicated by a letter at the end of th e 
 description, as follows: 
 
 D indicates 17.5 to 20 centimeters, nearly 8 inches. 
 
 O indicates 20 to 25 centimeters, nearly 10 inches. 
 
 Q indicates 25 to 30 centimeters, nearly 12 inches. 
 
 F indicates 30 to 40 centimeters, nearly 14 inches. 
 
 F 4 indicates 35 to 40 centimeters, nearly 16 inches. 
 
 F B indicates 40 to 50 centimeters, nearly 20 inches. 
 
 F 6 indicates 50 to 60 centimeters, nearly 24 inches. 
 
 F T indicates 60 to 70 centimeters, nearly 28 inches. 
 
 F 8 indicates 70 to 80 centimeters, nearly 32 inches. 
 
 F 9 , indicates 80 to 90 centimeters, nearly 36 inches. 
 
 n. d. signifies: No date of publication given. 
 
 n. p. signifies: No place of publication given. 
 
 [ ] include words or dates not found in the title or 
 headings of the publication itself. 
 
 + signifies that the Library possesses the continua- 
 tion of the file, to date. 
 
 [xii] 
 
Catalogue of Newspapers 
 
 I. The United States 
 
 Alabama 
 
 Bessemer 
 
 Bessemer (w). Aug. 11, 1888. 
 Bessemer illustrated. 
 
 Birmingham 
 
 Labor Advocate (w). 1903+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1890 by Jere Dennis and conducted by him till 1896; by 
 J. H. F. Mosley, 1897-1900 ; since then managed by Mosley for Labor 
 Advocate Pub. Co. 
 
 Blakely 
 
 Blakely Sun and Alabama Advertiser (s-w). May 17, 1819. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Founded 1819 by Gabriel F. 
 Mott. 
 
 Catawba 
 
 Alabama Watchman (w). Aug. 3, 1820. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Published at the former 
 capital of Alabama ; the town-site was sold on tax-title for $550, to an 
 ex-slave, Feb., 1894. 
 
 Becatur 
 
 Decatur Enterprise. Vol. 1, No. 1. Sept. 1, 1888. 
 
 Fairhope 
 
 Fairhope Courier (m; w). Feb., 1908+ ; also earlier scattering num- 
 bers. 
 
 Founded 1894 as organ of single tax colony. Published till 1896 or 
 later by Fairhope Industrial Assn. ; then by Ernest B. Gaston and Marie 
 Howland. Gaston has been editor from the start. 
 
 Mobile 
 Unionist (w). 1903, 3 nos. 
 
 [1] 
 
! Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Alabama, continued: 
 
 Montgomery 
 
 Montgomery Advertiser (w). Aug. 21, 1840. 
 
 Alabama State Journal (w). Apr. 2-July 9, 1875. F«. 
 
 With Philadelphia Public Ledger, 1872-73. Founded 1867. Published! 
 by J. L. Dimmick & Co., 1870 ; C. T. Thweatt, 1871 ; Arthur Bingham, 
 1872-75 ; T. C. Bingham & Co., 1876-77. No later mention in direc- 
 tories. 
 
 Montgomery Mail. Feb. 12, 1861. 
 Daily Post. Feb. 11, 12, 18, 1861. 
 
 Tuscaloosa 
 
 Alabama State Intelligences (w). Mar. 2, 1833. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1831-40. Founded 1829. Pub- 
 lished (1833) by W. W. and A. M'. McGuire. 
 
 Tuscumbia 
 
 North Alabamian. Nov. 17, 1865; Feb. 23, Dec. 7, 1866. 
 
 Tuskegee 
 
 Southern Letter (m). 1898+ F. 
 
 Founded 1884 in interest of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Insti- 
 tute. Edited by Booker T. Washington. 
 
 Alaska 
 
 Fairbanks 
 
 Miners' Union Bulletin (w). Jan., 1909-Aug., 1910. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1907 by Tanana Mine Workers' Union and since conducted 
 by them. 
 
 Sitka 
 
 Alaskan (w). Nov., 1885-Aug., 1907. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1885 by Alaskan Pub. Co. Conducted by Maurice E. Ke- 
 nealey, 1891 ; Christian H. Schaap, 1892 ; Edward Chamberlain (for Syl- 
 vester & Smith), 1895-96; E. Otis Smith, 1897-Mar., 1898; Alaskan 
 Pub. Co., 1899-1909; since then by 1.. S. Keller. Edited in 1909 by 
 Edward Chamberlain. 
 
 Arizona 
 
 Douglas 
 
 Douglas Examiner (w). June 9, 11, 1907. 
 
 [2] 
 
Arizona — Arkansas 
 
 Phoenix 
 
 Phoenix Weekly Herald. 1897-1901. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1878 by C. E. McClintock and — Gosper, and conducted 
 by them till 1882; N. A. Mortord (with Gosper one year), 1883- 
 •Tune. 1899. Then consolidated with Republican, and conducted by 
 Charles C. Randolph till Dec, 1900 ; later by Arizona Pub. Co. Styled 
 Salt River Herald, 1878; Republican Herald, June, 1899; Arizona Re- 
 publican, Nov., 1900 ; Weekly Republican, May, 1901. 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 Argenta 
 
 Argenta Incident (w). Oct. 3, 1885. 
 
 Camden 
 
 State Rights Eagle (w). July 17, 1858. 
 
 With Western Local Keivspapers, 1851-60. Founded 1858 by L. Linscott 
 and A. W. Hobson. 
 
 Fort Smith 
 Fort Smith New Eea. June 4, 1864. 
 
 Little Bock 
 
 Arkansas Advocate (w). Mar., 1830-1831; Sept. 19, 1832; 1833-May, 
 
 1835. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1S30, by Charles P. Bertrand and conducted by him 
 till Jan., 1835 (with — Yoemans, Sept., 1830-May, 1831 ; then owned 
 and conducted by Albert Pike. 
 
 Arkansas Banner (w). Mar., 1844-1845 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1S44 by S. Borland & Co., and conducted by them till Aug., 
 1845 ; then by Solon Borland. 
 
 Arkansas Democrat (w). May, 1846-1855 (incomp.). 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1846, by William K. Woodruff and conducted by him 
 till Mar., 1853 ; sold to Capt. C. C. Danley, and conducted by him to end 
 of 1855 (with Solon Borland after June of that year). Styled Arkansas 
 State Democrat Oct. 23, 1846 ; Arkansas State Gazette and Democrat 
 Feb. 8. 1850. (Gazette was founded Nov., 1819, by Woodruff and pub- 
 lished by him till 1838, and again Dec, 1842-44, and after 1S48 till 
 merged in Democrat.) 
 
 National Democrat (w). Oct., 1864-Apr., 1865. (incomp.). 
 
 With Unconditional Union, 1864. Founded 1863. Published by C. V. 
 Meader, 1864-April, 1865. 
 
 Arkansas State Gazette and Democrat. 
 See Arkansas Democrat, above. 
 
 [3] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Little Rock, Ark., continued: 
 
 Unconditional Union (w). Mar.-Nov., 1864 (incomp.). 
 
 Same (d). May 17, 24, 1864. 
 
 Founded 1864 by W. N. B'ishback and T. D. W. Yonley, and conducted 
 by them till April ; then by C. C. Bliss till November. 
 
 Union Labor Bulletin (w). Dec. 21, 28, 1903. 
 
 Van Buren 
 
 Western Frontier Whig (w). Apr. 29, 1845. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841-49. Published (1845) 
 by Logan & Sterne. 
 
 California 
 
 Alhambra 
 
 Bulletin of Social Reform Union (bi-w). 1899, 6 nos. O. 
 
 Eden Vale 
 
 True Life (s-m). Vol. 1. Dec, 1890-Aug., 1891. Q. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1890. Published by Mary Hayes Chynoweth. Religious. 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 Eureka 
 
 Labob News (w). May 20, 27, 1905. 
 
 Fresno 
 
 Fresno Labor News (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct. 5, 1907. 
 
 Los Angeles 
 
 Challenge (w). Dec, 1900-Oct, 1901. F. 
 
 See WilsMre'Si under New York City. 
 
 Citizen (w). Mar.-Nov., 1907. F. Nov., 1907+ Fe. 
 
 Succeeded Union Labor News, Mar. n, l!>07; published by Union News 
 Co.; owned by labor unions of Southern California. Edited by John 
 Murray till Nov. 1, 1907 ; since then by Stanley B. Wilson. 
 
 Common Sense (w). Aug., 1904-Aug., 1909. Fa. 
 Successor of Los Angeles Socialist, q. v. 
 
 Los Angeles Express (d). Dec, 1907+ Fe. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1871. Published' by Tiffany & Co., 1872-75; Express 
 Newspaper and Ptg. Co., 1876-84 ; Osborne & Cleveland, 1886 ; since 
 then by Evening Express Co. Edited by J. J. Ayers and .T. D. Lynch 
 1876 ; Ayers, 1S77-S4 ; H. Z. Osborne, 1895-96 ; C. D. Willard, 1897-99* 
 Independent. 
 
 Forward Movement Herald (w). 1900. 3 nos. 
 
 ■[4] 
 
Calif 
 
 ornia 
 
 Fraternity (m). May, 1900. 
 
 Los Angeles Herald (d). Dec, 1907+ Fe. 
 
 Founded 1873 by Herald Ptg. Co.; published by them until 1876; 
 edited by J. M. Bassett, 1875-7fi. Then owned and edited by Joseph D. 
 lynch. 1877-87 ; J. D. Lynch & Co., 1887 ; Ayers & Lynch, 1888-94 ; 
 since then, Herald Pub. Co.; edited (1011) by Thomas B. Gibbon. Dem- 
 ocratic. 
 
 American Journal of Eugenics. 
 
 See same title, under Chicago, III. 
 
 Los Angeles Labor (w). June 27, 1896. F e. 
 
 California Nationalist (w). Vol. 1. Feb.-May, 1890. F4. 
 
 Conducted (1890) by P. P. Cook, Mrs. M. E. Benson, T. Taylor, and 
 N. V. Lewis. 
 
 Weekly Nationalist. May-Aug., 1890. F. 
 
 Saturday Post (w). Vol. 6, 1902, July 5, 19, Oct. 18, Nov.-Dec. Vols. 
 7-11, 1903-1905. 3 v. F4. Vol. 12. 1906, Jan.-Feb. 
 Founded 1900, and since published by Post Pub. Co. 
 
 Social Economist (w). Mar. 19, 1898. 
 
 Los Angeles Socialist (w). 1903-Aug., 1904. F«. 
 
 Founded Nor., 1901, by the local Los Angeles Socialist party. Edited 
 successfully by Charles H. Roas, Edgar B. Helphingstine, W. A. Corey, 
 Frank I. Wheat, W. S. Bradford, W. A. Corey, A. G. Sanftleben, and W. 
 Scott Lewis. Styled Common Sense, q. v., Aug., 1904. 
 
 Los Angeles Times (d). May 30, 1903; Dec, 1907- Jan., 1909. 14 v. 
 F 6 . 
 
 Founded 1881 by Yarnell, Caystile & Mathes (of the Mirror), and 
 published by them till 1882 ; by Yarnell, Caystile & Otis, 1883 ; Francisco, 
 Caystile, Mathes & Otis, 1S84-S.-, ; Times Mirror Co. since 1886. 'Edited 
 by Harrison Gray Otis since 1896. Independent Republican. 
 
 Union Labor News (w). Nov., 1905-Feb., 1907. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1901. Published 1910 by Labor News Co. Styled Citizen, 
 q. v., Mar., 1907. 
 
 United Socialism (bi-m). Jan., Feb., 1900. 
 
 Founded 1896. 
 California Voice (w). Feb. 20, 1902. 
 
 Monterey 
 
 Californian (w). Vol. 1, Nos. 3-38; Vol. 2, 45 nos.; Vol. 3, 6 nos. 
 Aug. 29, 1846-May 6, 1847; May 22, 1847-May 10, 1848; May 17- 
 Sept. 9, 1848. F— Fs. 
 
 First California newspaper. Published at Monterey by Walter Colton 
 and Robert Semple until May 6, 1847 (Colton withdrawing Apr. 16). 
 Printed on cigar wrapping paper from a Spanish font picked up in a 
 
 [5] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Monterey, Calif., continued: 
 
 mission cloister. There being no W's in this font two V's were used 
 until W's could be obtained from the Sandwich Islands. Removed to 
 San Francisco May 22, 1847 ; there conducted successively by Robert 
 Semple, B. K. Buckelew, and Robert Gordon ; then again by Buckelew 
 until May 17, 1848; then published by J. D. Hoppe & Co. and edited by 
 H. L. Sheldon till Sept. 0, after which there is no evidence of its con- 
 tinuance. Contains (Mar. 15, 1847) first news of discovery of gold. 
 
 Mountain View 
 
 Signs of the Times (w). Vol. 32. 1906. F. 
 See same title, under Oakland. 
 
 Nevada 
 
 Nevada Jouenal (w). Dec. 23, 1853. 
 
 With- Western Local newspapers, 1851-60. Founded 1852. Published 
 by Budd & Sargent in 1853 ; edited by A. A. Sargent. 
 
 Oakland 
 
 Cooperative Journal (m; w; m). Vols. 1-4. 1901-1904. Vols. 5-10. 
 1905-July, 1911. 2 v. P. Vol. 11. July, 1911+ O. 
 Founded 1900 by Co-op. Educational Co. Organ of Rockdale Whole- 
 sale Co., representing sixteen persons and forty-three local store com- 
 panies. Since Jan., 1911, owned by the Produce & Consumers' Co-op. 
 Co., Ltd., of Seattle, Wash. Conducted since May, 1909, by Robert E. 
 Bush. 
 
 American Sentinel. 
 
 See same title, under New York. 
 Signs of the Times .(w). Vols. 23-24. 1897-98. 2 v. F4. Vol. 25. 
 
 1899 (incomp.); Vol. 26. 1900; Vol. 30. 1904 (incomp.); Vol. 32. 
 
 1906. F. 
 
 Founded 1875. Published by the Pacific Seventh Day Adventist Pub. 
 Co., 1879-85 ; by Intematl. Tract and Missionary Soc, 1886-90 ; by Pa- 
 cific Press Co., 1891-1908. Edited by James White, J. N. Andrews, and 
 Uriah Smith, 1879-83 ; J. H. Waggoner, 1884-90 ; Milton J. Wilcox, 
 1891-1908. No later mention in directories. 
 
 ■Socialist Voice (w). 1905, 3 nos. 
 See World. 
 
 Woeld (d). May 22-Sept. 23, 1907. F«. 
 
 Same (w). Sept., 1907+ 
 
 Founded 1904, under name of Socialist Voice, by Local Alameda 
 County Socialist Party, and controlled by that body until 1907, when 
 it was taken over by the World Press, Inc., and changed to a daily un- 
 der its present title. Suspended in four months on account of financial 
 
 > difficulties. Resumed shortly after as a weekly under control of Branch 
 
 Oakland, Socialist Party, its present publisher. Conducted by George 
 Broadley, Maurice E Eldridge, Austin E. Lewis, Maynard Shipley, and 
 others, suspending for brief periods for lack of financial support, until 
 June, 1910 ; since then by H. C. Tuck. "Has always advocated the 
 principles of class-conscious Socialism ; namely, that the means of pro- 
 
 i . .Auction and distribution should be owned by the producers." 
 
 [6] 
 
California 
 
 Pasadena 
 
 Public Ownership Review. 
 
 See same title, under Colorado Springs, Colo. 
 
 Social Review (m). June, 1897. 
 Founded 1S97. 
 
 Point lioma, San Diego 
 
 Century Path (w). Vols. 2-3. 1898-1900 (incomp.). Vols. 5-12. 
 1901-1909. 8 v. 1910-June 11, 1911. F. 
 
 Founded 1897. Organ of the Universal Brotherhood, Theosophy, etc. 
 Called New Century I'ath until Jan., 1907. Edited by Katherine Tingley. 
 Succeeded June 11, 1911, by 7'hcosophical Path, Katherine Tingley, edi- 
 tor. 
 
 Redding 
 
 Searchlight. Mar. 18, 1903. 
 
 Sacramento 
 
 Sacramento Union (d). 1854-70. 30 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1851, probably by .T. Anthony & Co., By whom it was pub- 
 lished 1854-74. Then merged with Itecord (founded 1867) as Record 
 Union. 
 
 San Diego 
 
 Justice. Apr. 3, 1899. 
 
 New Century Path. 
 
 See same title, under Point Lorna. 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 Advance (w). Feb. 16, June 15, 1901; Aug. 30, 1902. 
 
 Alliance News (m). Feb., 1905. 
 
 California Arbeiter Zeitung. Oct. 24, 1891. 
 
 Argonaut (w). Jan.-Nov., 1890; 1891. Fi. 
 
 Founded 1877 by Frank M. Pixley and Fred M. Somers, and conducted 
 by them till 1881 (as Argonaut Pub. Co.) ; Pixley and Jerome A. Hart 
 till 1894 ; Hart, 1894-1907. Then bought by Alfred Holman, and since 
 conducted by him. 
 
 Evening Bulletin (d and w). 1864-65. Ft. 
 
 Same (d). Oct., 1855-91. 74 v. F?-s. 
 
 Founded 1S55 by James King. Published by San Francisco Bulletin 
 Co., 1869-95. Edited by George K. Fitch, 1889-95. Since then owned 
 and edited by K. A. Crothers. Independent Republican. 
 
 Californian. 
 
 See same title, under Monterey. 
 
 [7] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 San Francisco, Calif., continued: 
 
 San Francisco Chronicle (d). 1890-1910. 130 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1865 as Dramatic Chronicle, by Michael H. and Charles de 
 Young. Conducted by them till the death of the latter in 1880 ; since 
 then by the former. 
 
 Pacific Churchman (s-m). Apr., 1893-Aug., 1894. F. 
 
 Founded 1865. Published by Cuberry & Co., 1870-76. Edited by 
 Revs. Elias Birdsall and F. W. Brotherton, 1874 ; Rev. Thomas Smith, 
 1875-76 ; Rev. A. P. Gray, 1877-78 ; Rev. D. O. Kelley, 1879-80 ; H. O. 
 Beers, 1882 : Rev. E. B. Church, 1883 ; D. O. Kelley, 1884-91 ; Rev. Ho- 
 bart Chetwood, 1893-99 ; Rev. B. L. Parsons, 1909 ; Revs. L. C. Sanford 
 and W. Higgs, 1910. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Citizen's Magazine (m). Vols. 1-2 (incomp.). Mar., 1908- July, i909. 
 F. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1908, as organ of Citizens' Alliance (H. W. Postle- 
 thwaite, president; J. McKinery, manager). Published by same until 
 July, 1909. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Civil and Social Problems (m). Aug.-Sept, 1900. 
 
 Class Struggle (w). 18,89, scat, nos.; May 5, 1900. F6. 
 
 Coast Seamen's Journal (w). Vols. 8-14. 1894-1901. 7 v. Vols. 16-22. 
 1902-1909. 7 v. 1910+ F4. 
 
 Founded 1887. Official paper of Internatl. Seamen's Union of Amer- 
 ica ; published by Sailors' Union of the Pacific. Edited since 1896 by 
 Walter Macarthur. 
 
 Coming Age (w). Aug. 3, Oct. 12, 1895. 
 
 Egoism (m). 1891-1897, scat. nos. 
 
 Founded 1890 by Equity Pub. Co. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Emancipator (m). Oct., Nov., 1906; May, 1907. 
 
 Free Society. 1899-1900; 1903-1904. F*. 
 
 Successor of FireVrana, q. v. under Portland, Ore. Published by Free 
 Society Pub. Co. Moved to Chicago Jan., 1901 ; to New York Feb., 
 1904. Conducted after July, 1900, by A. Isaak. Suspended Nov., 190l! 
 
 Freethought (w). Mar. 1, 1890. 
 
 Hope and Home (w). Oct., 1892-1896. F. 
 
 Founded 1892 by Abba Lord Holten ; published by him until Jan., 1894 • 
 then edited by him and published by Alfred Cridge until 1896. No later 
 data obtainable. Reform. 
 
 Kappa Kappa Gamma Key (q). Vol. 13. 1896, 2 nos.; Vol. 15. 1898, 2 
 nos.; Vols. 16-17. 1899-1900; Vols. 18-20. 1901-1903, 7 nos.; 
 Vols. 26-27. 1909-1910, 3 nos. 
 Formerly published at Ithaca, N. Y. 
 
 Labor (w). Vol. 1. No. 1. July 29, 1893. 
 
 ' [8] 
 
California 
 
 Labor Clarion (w). Dec, 1905-Apr., 1906. F'. 
 
 Founded 1902 by local Labor Council, and still published by them. 
 Now edited by Will J. French. 
 
 Merchants' Association Review (m). 1905-Mar., 1906. F. 
 
 Founded 180G by Merchants' Assn. of San Francisco. Edited (1905- 
 06) by Frank M. Todd. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Merchants' Association Review (m). 1905-Mar., 1906. F. 
 
 Founded 1860. Published by Dewey & Co., 1869-91 ; Dewey Pub. 
 Co., 1892-90 : J. F. Halloran, 1897-1001 or later. Edited by W. B. 
 Ewer, 3 869-U3; J. F. Halloran, 1897-1901. Now published by Dewey 
 Pub. Co., and edited by T. A. Rickart. Styled Scientific Press, 1869-73. 
 
 New Charter (w). July, 1896-June, 1898, 6 nos. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1893, successor of San .Tose Tribune. Published (1896-97) 
 by New Charter Pub. Co. ; edited by M. W. Wilkins. No later data ob- 
 tainable. People's Pa''ty ; Socialist Labor. 
 
 Organized Labor (w). Oct., 1909+ Fe. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1900, by Organized Labor Pub. Co., representing San 
 Francisco labor unions, and since published by them. Managed from 
 the first by Cress Gannon ; edited by O. A. Tveitmoc. 
 
 Oriental (w). Chinese. Feb. 18, 1887; Apr. 27, 1888. 
 
 With Span. Amer., Scand., and Oriental Newspapers, 1822-93. Founded 
 1886 by Wan Kee and conducted by him till 1899 or later. 
 
 Pacific (w). Dec, 1862-Jan., 1863. 3 nos. 
 
 With Kans.. \\osh., and Oiegon Newspapers, 1852-63. Founded 3852. 
 Edited by J. A. Henton and S. V. Blakeslee, 1869-81 ; S. S. Smith and 
 John Kimball, 1882 ; Pub. Co. of the Pacific, 1883-98 (except by Benton, 
 Smith, and Kimball, 1889, and J. W. Douglas, 1890) ; W. W. Ferrier, 
 1899-1901. No later data obtainable. Presb.; now Cong. 
 
 California Patron (m; s-m). May, 1876-June, 1878. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1876 by State Grange of California. Edited by J. V. Web- 
 ster, Amos Adams, and Thomas H. Merry, 1877 ; Adams and I. C. Steele, 
 1879-80 ; J. V. Webster, 1882-84 ; J. Chester, 1886-87. Styled Call- 
 jornia Patron and Agriculturist after 1886. Suspended about 1890. 
 
 Railway Employees' Journal (w). Aug. 14, 1902; June-Sept., 1903. 
 
 F 6 . 
 
 Founded 1899. Published (1903) by Railway Pub. Co. No later data 
 obtainable. 
 
 Rescue (w). Nov., 1882-Oct, 1883. F. 
 
 Founded 1803. Edited by Kev. George Morris, 1876-77 ; A. D. Wood, 
 1882-83 ; E. F. Dinsmore, 1884. No later mention in directories. Tem- 
 perance. 
 
 Russian Review. Vol. 1, Nos. 1-5, May-Nov., 1905. F. 
 
 Socialist (w). July, 1895-Feb., 1897. F. 
 
 Founded 1895 by J. E. Scott and conducted by him till 1899. Na 
 later data obtainable. 
 
 [9] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 sSan Francisco, Calif., continued: 
 
 California Socialist (m). Mar. 27, June-Oct, 1903. F«. 
 
 Founded 1903. Edited (March) by U. K. Bohannon; by Mary Fair- 
 brother, June-Oct. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Stab (w). Hay, 1907+ F «. 
 
 Founded 1884 by James H. Barry, and conducted by him until 190S 
 or later ; now by William H. Barry. Independent. 
 
 San Francisco Tageblatt (w). 1903- Jan., 1906. 2 v. F«. 
 
 B'ounded 1S3U by Tageblatt Pub. Soc., and published by them tjjl 1895; 
 Tageblatt Assn., 1895-96; Tag. Pub. Soc, 1897-1906. Edited by Emil 
 Liess, 1895-99. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Truth; Organ ofScientific Socialism in America (m). 1884, 4 nos. 
 
 Volks-Zeitung (w). Aug. 29, 1891. 
 
 -Zeitgeist (m). Vol. 1. No. 1. 'Oct., 1902. 
 
 San Luis Obispo 
 
 Reasonbr (w). July 31, 1902. 
 
 Santa Barbara 
 
 People's Paper (w). Dec. 6, 1902; Apr. 11, 1903. 
 
 Colorado , 
 
 Berthoud 
 
 Conscience (m). Jan.-Mar., 1900. 
 
 Colorado Springs 
 
 Colorado Springs Gazette (d). Sept. 20, 1896. 
 
 Pike's Peak Centennial number. Founded 1878. Conducted (18981 
 by W. A. Piatt. v ' 
 
 Pink Iconoclast (w) . June 6, 1903. 
 
 Public Ownership Review (m). July-Dec, 1897; Feb.- July, 1898. F. 
 Founded 1897 by Morrison I. Swift, and conducted by him until 1898'' 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 Cripple Creek 
 
 Press (d). Dec, 1899-Mar., 1903. 7 v. F«. 
 
 See same title, under Victor, Colo. ; 
 
 [10] 
 
Colorado 
 
 Denver 
 
 Alliance of the Rockies (w). Apr., 1903-Jan., 1905 (incomp.). F». 
 
 Pounded 1872. Published and edited, Apr., 1903-Jan., 1905, by E. A. 
 Southworth. Socialist. 
 
 Altrurian (m). March, 1896. 
 
 Arbitrator. June 15, 1889. 
 
 Bio Five Era (m). May, 1902. 
 Successor of (fold Nuggett. 
 
 Colorado Chronicle (w). Oct., 1901-July, 1903. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1901, by Otto F. Thum & David C. Coates, formerly of 
 Pueblo Courier, and conducted by tliem till July, 1903, wben consoli- 
 dated with Miner's Magazine, q. v. 
 
 Hobseshoers' Monthly Magazine. Vols. 2-6. 1901-1905. 5 v. O. 
 
 1906-1909. 4 v. Q. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1900 by Internatl. Union of Journeymen Horseshoers of 
 United States and Canada. Edited by Koady Keneban till Jan., 1911; 
 since then by Hubert S. Marshall. Removed to Cincinnati, O., Jan., 1911. 
 
 International Horseshoers' Monthly Magazine. 
 
 See Horseshoern' Monthly Majjazine. 
 
 Industrial Advocate (w). May, 1897-June, 1898; Nov. 11, 1898. F6. 
 Founded 1893. Published by Demer Trades and Labor Assembly, 
 1898-1901. Edited by Willis L. Hal), 1S97-9K; Charles F. Chase, 1899- 
 1901. No later data obtainable 
 
 Industrialist (m). 1890, 3 nos. 
 
 Labor Enquirer (w). Jan.-May, 1885. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1882, by Buchanan & Laverty, and conducted by them till 
 1884 ; by J. R. Buchanan, 1884-87 ; by Co-op. Labor Enquirer Co., 
 1888-89 (edited by James J. Callahan). No later mention in directories. 
 
 IiAbor Exchange Guide (w). 1897, 4 nos. 
 
 Miners' Magazine (m). Vols. 1-3. 1900-1902. 3 v. O. Vols. 5-10. 
 Aug., 1893-June, 1909. 5 v. F4. July, 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1900 by Western Fed. of Miners, and since published by 
 them. Edited by Edward Boyce till July, 1902; since, by John M. 
 O'Neill. 
 
 Municipal Facts (w). 19U9, 2 nos.; 1910+ Q. 
 
 Published by the city. Free to tax-payers on request 
 
 New Nation (w). June 18, 1898. 
 
 Rocky Mountain News (d). June 7, 1862; July-Dec, 1874; Sept-Dec, 
 1896. F«. 
 
 [11] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Denver, Colo., continued: 
 
 Same (w). 1896-Jan., 1902; Mar., 1902-1909. 7 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1859. Published by Byers & Daily, 1869; by William N. 
 Byers. 1870-78 ; since then by Kooky Mountain News Printing Co. 
 Edited by John Atkins, 1889-94 (with Thomas A. Patterson, 1893-94) ; 
 by Patterson, 1895-1901 or later. 
 
 Retail Clekks' International Advocate (m). Vols. 12-16. 1905-1908- 
 4 v. Q. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1893 as organ of the Retail Clerks' Internatl. Protective 
 Assn. Edited 1896-1909, by Internatl. Sec. Treas., Max Morris; since 
 his death in June, 1909, by President H. J. Conway. 
 
 Rocky Mountain Rocket (s-m). Vol. 1, Nos. 1-22. Apr., 1908-Jan.,. 
 
 1909. F-F *. 
 
 Founded 1908, by Internatl. Assn. of Machinists, and conducted by 
 them till 1909. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Colorado Socialist. June 5, 1903. 
 
 Consolidated Aug., 1903, with Miners Magazine^ q. v. 
 
 Rocky Mountain Socialist. Vol. 1, no. 1, Jan. 4, 1902. 
 
 No more published. 
 
 Union Labob League Bulletin (m). Dec, 1906; June, 1907. 
 
 Union Pacific Employes Magazine (m). Nov., 1892; Feb., Aug., 1894- 
 Founded 1885. 
 
 Waite's Magazine (m). Vol. 1, No. 1, Oct. 1, 1898. 
 
 Lamar 
 
 Pbowees County News (w). Nov., 1905-July, 1906 (incomp.). Aug.„ 
 1906-1909. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1901. Conducted by C. Frost Liggett, Aug., 1906-Mar 1910- 
 since then by Lamar Pub. Co. Republican. 
 
 Pueblo 
 
 Bulletin Sanitary and Sociological (m). 1904+ (incomp.). O 
 
 Founded 1904 by Colorado Fuel and Iron Co. Published by' their- 
 medical and sociological department, for instruction of employees in 
 hygiene and sanitation. " y es m 
 
 Pueblo Coumee (w). May-Nov., 1899; Apr. 13, 1900; Dec. 12 1902-. 
 
 F 6 . ' ^ 
 
 Founded 1892. Organ of Western Fed. of Miners. Published bv 
 Otto Thum and D. C. Coates, 1898-1901. Then moved to Denver an* 
 styled Colorado Chronicle, q. v. Denver, ancr 
 
 Victor 
 
 Pbess (d). June 27-Dec. 7, 1899. P«. 
 
 Founded 1899 by an organization of workingmen. Moved to CriDnle- 
 Creek (q. v.) in December, 1899. w 
 
 [12] 
 
Connecticut 
 
 Connecticut 
 
 Bridgeport 
 
 Bridgeport Advocate (w). Oct. 10, 1903. 
 
 Republican Fabmee (w). July, 1804-May, 1805, 28 nos. Fb. 
 
 Pounded 1804 by Joseph Hutchinson and conducted by him till Not. ; 
 then by Nichols & Rowe. 
 
 Danbury . 
 
 Journal of United Hatters (m). Vols. 1-7. 1898-May, 1905 (in- 
 comp.). O. 
 
 Founded 1898. at Philadelphia ; later moved to Newark, N. J., and t» 
 Danbury in 1900. 
 
 New England Republican (w). July, 1804-May, 1805, 30 nos. Fs. 
 
 Founded July, 1804. Printed by Gray & Steele till Jan., 1805 ; then by 
 John C. Gray. 
 
 Hartford 
 
 Advocate of Peace. 
 
 See same title under Boston, Mass. 
 
 Boquet (s-w). Vol. 1. 1831-32. F. 
 
 Founded 1831. Edited by Melzar Gardner. Sub-title, Flowers of 
 polite literature. 
 
 Cartridge Box (d). Dec. 15-22, 1886. Q. 
 
 Organ of Fair for aid of destitute soldiers. 
 
 Christian Secretary (w). Oct.-Dec, 1873; 1874-85. 5 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1822, by Conn. Bapt. Miss. Soc. ; transferred to the 
 State Convention, 1823 ; to the Christian Secretary Assn., 1829 ; merged 
 in Gospel Witness (N. Y.), 1837. In 1S38 revived as Christian Secre- 
 tary by Rev. Elisha Cushman (editor, 1822-24). and conducted by him 
 and his son, Elisha Cushman Jr., till 1840 ; Normand Burr, 1840-61 
 (with W. S. Williams and A. A. Smith, 1840-50) • Cushman, 1861-76; 
 Rev. Sylvanus D. Phelps, 1870-88 ; Rev. C. A. Piddock, 1888-96, 
 when merged in Examiner. Baptist. 
 
 Churchman (w). Mar., 1872-Dec, 1874. Fe. 
 
 Successor to The Calendar, lsc>o. Removed to New York City, 1875. 
 Published by M. H. Mallory & Co., 1870-97; since then by Churchman 
 Co. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Connecticut Common School Journal (m). Vols. 1-3. Aug., 1838- 
 Sept, 1842. • Indexed. Q. 
 
 Connecticut Courant (w). Oct. 29, 1764 (facsimile), Sept. 6,1774 (with 
 
 Boston Gazette, 1764), 1775; Dec, 1786-May, 1790; 1791-93; Feb.- 
 
 Oct., 1794; 1795, 2 nos.; May, 1799-Sept., 1801; July, 1800-Dec, 
 
 1801; 1802-11. 9 v. Fs. 1812-22; Mar .-Dec, 1824. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Founded in 1704 hx Thomas Green, and conducted by him till 1767 or 
 
 [13] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Habtfokd, Conn., continued: 
 
 1768 ; by Ebenezer Watson till his death in 1777 ; by bis widow till 
 1778, when George Goodwin became a partner. In 1779 she married 
 Barzillai Hudson and the firm became Hudson & Goodwin ; conducted 
 thus till 1815; Goodwin & Sons, 1815-36; John L. Boswell, 1836-54; 
 Thomas M. Day and A. N. Clark 1S54-67, when merged with Press. 
 Retained name Conrant, but managed by Press stall, including Joseph C. 
 Hawley, Charles Dudley. Warner, and W. H. Goodrich. Organ of "Loyal 
 Sons of Liberty ;" later, supporter of Washington and Adams ; contin- 
 ued uninterruptedly to present time without change of name ; probably 
 oldest newspaper now published in TT. S. 
 
 Connecticut Coubant, Supplement to (bi-w). Mar., 1829-Dec, 1837. In- 
 dexed. 3 v. O. 1840-41; 1843; 1847-48; 1854-61. Indexed. 4 v. 
 Q. 1865-67. 
 
 Episcopal "Watchman (w). Apr. 24, 1832. ! 
 
 Litebaey Casket (s-m). Mar., 1862-Feb., 1827. Q. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1826, by Benjamin H. Norton and John Russell ; cow 
 ducted by them till suspension, Feb., 1827. 
 
 Locomotive (m). Dec, 1902-May, 1903. O. 
 
 Founded 1889, by Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Co. 
 Edited (1902-03) by J. M. Allen. No later data obtainable. 
 
 American Meectjby (w). July 18, 1791; Oct., 1794-Aug., 1795; Nov., 
 
 1795- Jan., 1796; July 25, 1799. Fs. Sept., 1801-Dec. 1, 1803 (in- 
 
 comp.); 1804, 12 nos.; 1805, 27 nos.; 1806-1809, 20 nos.; 1810- 
 
 1811, 12 nos.; Sept. 15, 1818. F«. 
 
 Founded 1784 by Joel Barlow, editor, and Elisha Babcock, publisher. 
 Merged in Independent Press, 1833. 
 
 Connecticut Mibbob (w)'. July, 1809-Dec, 1811. Fb. 1812-18; Apr., 
 1822-Dec, 1823; 1824-27; Jan., 1829-Oct, 1830. 7 v. F«. 
 
 Founded July, 1809, by Charles Hosmer and conducted by him till May, 
 1816 (with Horatio G. Hale, Dec, 1811-Nov., 1814) ; Benjamin L. Ham- 
 len, May, 1816-Aug., 1818 (with — Newton after June, 1817) ; William 
 L. Stone and Simeon Lincoln, Oct.-Dec, 1818; J. G. C. Brainard and P. 
 B. Goodsell, Apr., 1822-Dec., 1827; Jonathan Edwards and George F. 
 Olmsted, Jan., 1829-Oct., 1830. 
 
 Patbiot and Democrat (w). Dec. 5, 1835; 1836, 8 nos. Fe. 
 
 Religious Inquirer (m). Vol. 1. 1821-22. O. 
 
 Republican (w). 1849-51. F«. 
 
 Founded by William H. Burleigh as successor of Charter Oak; later 
 sold to J. D. Baldwin, who in turn sold (1852) to M. H. Bartlett & Co • 
 edited by D. W. Bartlett and Joseph R. Hawley till merged (1856) to 
 Evening Press. 
 
 Habtpobd Times (w). Aug-Oct, 1830; May-Dec, 1832; Jan.-May, 
 1833. Fo. 
 
 [ 14 ] l 
 
Connecticut 
 
 Same (s-w). Oct-Dec, 1834; 1835-36. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1817 by Frederick D. Bolles, as advocate ol a new constitu- 
 tion for the state ; edited by John M. Niles, and became influential anti- 
 Federalist organ. About 1826 became the property of Samuel Bowles 
 (later of Springfield Republican) and — Francis ; later of Benjamin 
 H. Norton and John Russell ; edited by Gideon Welles, 1S2S-36. Pub- 
 lished by Jones & Watts in 1837 ; Henry A. Mitchell in 1838 ; Mitchell 
 and Alfred E. Burr till 184] ; by Burr alone, 1841-54 ; by Burr Bros. 
 (A. B. & F. L.) 1854-1900; since then by W. 0. Burr (associate editor 
 since 1879). Daily edition since 1841. Democratic. 
 
 Times and Hartford Advertiser (s-w). May, 1833-Oct, 1834. P». 
 
 Travelers Record (m). 1886-1903. 5 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1864. Organ of Travelers Insurance Co. 
 
 Litchfield 
 
 Litchfield Monitor (w). June 27, 1792; Aug. 13, 1794; Mar. 4, Oct. 21- 
 28, 1795. | 
 
 With N. HI. Local Newspapers, 1791-08. Established 1784 by Thomas- 
 Collier ; suspended, 1806. 
 
 Witness (w). Dec, 1805-June, 1807. Fo. 
 
 Founded 1805 by Timothy Ashley and conducted by him till Apr. r 
 1806 ; by Selleck Osborn, Apr., 1806-June, 1807. Temporary suspen- v 
 sion then announced. 
 
 Middletown 
 
 Middlesex Gazette (w). July-Dec, 1808; 1822-23, scat, nos.; 1824-27. 
 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1785. Published by Tertius Dunning (with J. B. Dunning, 
 for a time) 1808-Aug., 182:-! ; by E. & H. Clark, Feb., 1824-1827. 
 
 American Sentinel (w). 1823-27 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1823, by William D. Starr and W. H. Niles, and con- 
 ducted by them till 1827, when Niles withdrew. 
 
 New Haven 
 
 Chbistian Spectator (m). Vols. 1-10. 1819-28. Indexed. 10 v. O. 
 
 Conducted by an "Association of Gentlemen." Published by Howe 
 & Spalding, 1819-20 ; S. Converse, 1821-25 ; Hezekiab Howe (New Haven) 
 and J. P. Hanen (New York), 1826-1827; Durrie, Peck & Co., 1829. 
 Thereafter issued quarterly till suspended in 1838. 
 
 Chbonicle of the Church (m). Vols. 1-3. 1837-38. 3 v. in 2. Q. 
 
 Founded 1837 by the P. E. Diocese of Connecticut. Published and 
 edited by A. B. Chapin. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 New Haven Gazette and Connecticut Magazine (w). Feb., 1786-Feb... 
 1787; Feb.-Dec, 1787; 1788. Indexed. 3 v. O. 
 
 Published by Meigs & Dana. Continued till 1789. Contains Dr. 
 Hopkins's "Anarchiad." 
 
 [15] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Haven, Conn., continued: 
 
 TDaily Herald. 1835; July-Dec, 1836. 3 v. F4. 1837-39. 3 v. F«. 
 1842; 1844; 1845. 4 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1804 by Comstock, Griswold & Co. as Connecticut Herald. 
 Later published by Thomas G. Woodward and John B. Carrington. 
 
 Woodward started daily edition in 1832. Name of daily changed to 
 Journal in 1846 (after purchase of Connecticut Journal and Advertiser, 
 founded 1767). Weekly, still styled Herald, begun in 1887; later Herald 
 and Journal. Owned chiefly by John B. Carrington Jr. ; now published 
 by Carrington Pub. Co. and edited by N. G. Oshorn. Independent. 
 
 Indian's Friend (m). Vol. 17. Sept., 1904+ F. 
 
 Founded 1884 by Natl. Indian Assn., and since conducted by it. Edited 
 by T. C. Marshall. Removed to N. Y. (q. v.), Feb., 1907. Evangelical 
 Missionary. 
 
 •Connecticut Jotjenal (w). 1792; 1795, 3 nos. F*. 1796-99; 1801. 3 T. 
 F5. Apr. 1822-1827. 3 v. F«. 
 Founded 1767 by Thomas and Samuel Green ; suspended, Apr., 1835. 
 
 Same. July 18, 1814. 
 
 With i T . JS1. Local Newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 Palladium (d). Mar.-Oct, 1841. Fs. 1842-50; Jan.-Nov., 1851; Mar.- 
 Dec, 1856. 12 v. F«. 
 
 Styled Daily Palladium, commencing Jan., 1845 ; and N. Haven Daily 
 Palladium, Jan., 1846. ' 
 
 Evening Palladium (tri-w). Oct., 1839-Dec, 1840; 1841. 2 v. F=. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1829, by Charles Adams. Conducted by James F. Bab- 
 cock, 1830-62 ; Cyrus Northrup, 1863 ; later by A. H. Byington, W. M. 
 Grosvenor, Abner L. Train, Herbert I£. Benton, and others ; by Palladium 
 Co. since about 1875. Now edited by Charles W. Tuttle. Issued tri- 
 weekly in 1839; daily Feb., 1841. Whig ; later Republican. 
 
 Columbian Register (w). Apr., 1822-Dec, 1823; 1824-27. 3 v. F«. 
 Founded 1812. Published by Joseph Barber, 1817-29. 
 
 — Same. Mar. 4, 1817. 
 
 With Jf. E. Local Newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 Religious Intelligencer (w). Apr., 1816-May, 1835. 8 v. O. 11 v. Q. 
 
 Founded 1816 to report news of Bible and missionary societies. Con- 
 ducted by Nathan Whiting till 1835 or later. 
 
 Steam Fitter (m). July, 1907; Jan., 1908. 
 
 Saturday Telegram (w). Apr. 23, 1887. 
 
 Connecticut "War Record (m). Vols. 1-2. Aug., 1863- July, 1865. Q. 
 
 Workmen's Advocate. 
 
 See same title, under N. Y. 
 
 Yale Courant (w). Vol. 11. Sept., 1874- July, 1875. Q. 
 
 [16] 
 
Connecticut 
 
 New London 
 
 Bee (w). Aug. 9, 1797. 
 
 Founded 1797 by Charles Holt. 
 
 New London Gazette (w). Mar. 14, 1766. 
 
 With Boston li vetting Post, itch. Successor of first paper in the 
 town, the Hew London Summary or Meekly Advertiser, published by 
 Timothy Green from Aug., 1758 till his death, Aug., 1763. New series 
 started by his nephew, Timothy Green, Nov., 1763, and continued by him 
 till 1794, when his son Samuel (a partner since 1789) became sole pro- 
 prietor. Conducted by him till Jan., 1838 (except 1805-Mar„ 1808, by 
 Ebenezer P. Cady and Nathaniel Kels) ; John H. Hyde, 1838-40 ; S. H. 
 Green, 1840-41 ; then by A. G. Seaman till suspended in 1844. Styled 
 Connecticut Gazette after the first few years. 
 
 Connecticut Gazette (W). Apr., 1787-Dec, 1788; Jan., 1789-Sept, 1791. 
 2 v. F*. July-Oct, 1794; Feb., 1799-July, 1801. 2 v. Fs. 
 Successor of A'ew London Gazette, q. v. 
 
 Newfield 
 
 American Telegbaphe (w). Sept.-Oct., 1795. F4. 
 
 With y. E. Local Newspapers, 1791-98. Founded by Lazarus Beach 
 and Ira Jones ; continued till 1804. In 1800 Newfield was incorporated 
 as a borough, under the name of Bridgeport. 
 
 Norwalk 
 
 Norwalk Gazette (w). May 22, 1832. 
 
 Entertaining Repositokt. Dec. 2, 1802. 
 
 Norwich 
 
 Norwich Packet (w). Vol. 1, No. 11. Dec. 9-16, 1773. 
 
 Reprint. Follows Nov. 22, 1773, of Boston Gazette and Country 
 Journal. 
 
 Roxbury 
 
 Nobfolk Gazette and Manufacturer's Advocate. Dec. 31, 1824. 
 With Independent Chronicle. 
 
 Southington 
 
 Southington Phcenix (w). 1898-Aug., 1899. Fa. 
 
 Founded 1873. Published by E. R. Newell. 1870 ; Haviland & Hayes, 
 1880 ; C. S. Haviland, 1881-92 ; William J. Holden, 1893-99 ; Edward T. 
 Purcell, 1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 2-N. C. [ 17 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Connecticut, continued : 
 
 Suffield 
 
 Impartial Hekald (w). Apr-May, 1798. 4 nos. 
 
 With New England Local Newspapers, 1791-98. Established 1797 by 
 H. and 0. Farnsworth ; suspended, 1799. 
 
 Wallingford 
 
 Circular (w). Vols. 1-4 (new series). Mar., 1864-Dec, 1867. 4 v. F. 
 Organ of Oneida and Wallingford Communities. Indexed. See same 
 title, under Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 West Meriden 
 
 American Sportsman (w). Mar -Sept., 1873; Jan.-Sept, 1874. F«. 
 
 Founded 1S71 by Parker Bros, and conducted by them till 1874 ; Wil- 
 ber F. Parker, 1874-75. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Winsted 
 
 Mountain County Herald (w). May, 1853-Apr., 1860. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Continued as Winsted Herald, q. v. 
 "Winsted Herald (w). May, 1860-Dec, 1863. F«. 1864-66. F7. 
 
 Founded 1853. Published by Winsted Ptg. Co., 1869-90 ; Wombaugb 
 & Safford, 1891 ; Greenville E. Safford, 1892 ; Winsted Herald Co., 1893- 
 95 ; since then by Citizen Ptg. Co. Edited by Theodore F. Vaill, 1869- 
 76 ; J. H. Vaill, 1877-9(1 ; Safford, 1391-92 ; J. Rodemeyer, 1893-94 ; 
 E. S. Hurlbert, 1895 ; J. H. Van Keuran, 1896 ; J. H. Vaill, 1897-98 ; 
 Van Keuran, 1899 ; K. K. Noble, 1901. ; now by 8. B. Home. Eepubli- 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 Lincoln Herald (w). Dec. 15, 1856. 
 
 Wilmington 
 
 Delaware Gazette (s-w). April 22, 1814. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Oldest paper 
 in Delaware; established in 1785; published until 1901 or later as 
 weekly edition of Every Evening. 
 
 Harkness' Magazine (m). Dec, 1872. O. 
 
 Justice (w). Apr.-Nov., 1896; 1900-Sept„ 1902 (incomp.). Fe. 
 
 Founded 1888. Published by Justice Pub. Co. Edited by Malcolm. 
 MacDonald, 1896-98; A. C. Piedell, 1899; A. R. Saylor, 1900-Sept 
 1902. Single Tax. No later data obtainable. See same title under 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Labor Herald (w). Sept. 20, 1902. Fe. 
 
 [18] 
 
District of Columbia 
 
 District of Columbia 
 
 Georgetown 
 
 Columbian Gazette (s-w). July, 1829-June, 1830. Fs. 
 
 Same (tri-w). July, 1830-Mar., 1833. 3 v. P«. 
 
 Founded July, 1829, by Benjamin Homans, and conducted by him till 
 Mar., 1833, when it was sold to Joshua N. Rind. 
 
 Washington Federalist., ; 
 
 See same title under Washington, D. C. 
 
 George-Town Weekly Ledger. July 28, 1792. 
 
 With Ma. and va. Newspapers, 1792-05. Founded 1789. Published 
 (1792.) by James Doyle. 
 
 Washington 
 
 Aemy and Navy Chronicle (w). "Vols. 2-7. 1836-38. Indexed. 3 v. Q. 
 New series. Edited by B. Homans. 
 
 Army, and Navy Official Gazette (w). July, 1863-June, 1865. 2 v. Q. 
 Published by authority of War Dept. 
 
 Abmy and Navy Register (w). Jan., 1882-Dec, 1884. 3 v. F*. 1885- 
 Feb., 1886 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded 1878 by Edmund Hudson, and edited by him till 1891. Pub- 
 lished by Hudson till 1880; then by Army and Navy Pub. Co. till 1894. 
 Conducted by L. L. Powers, 1894-97 ; by C. H. Kidenour and J. B. Jenks, 
 1898-1901 or later ; now by Army and Navy Pub. Co. 
 
 Banner of the Constitution (w). Vols. 1-3. Dec., 1829-Nov., 1830; 
 
 Dec, 1830-Dec, 1832. Indexed. 3 v. F». 
 
 Edited by Condy Kaguet ; successor of his Free-Trade Advocate (Phila., 
 1829) ; removed to New York, Dec. 1830-May, 1831, then to Phila.; advo- 
 cated State Rights, Free Trade, and strict construction of Constitution ; 
 suspended Dec, 1832 ; succeeded by Examiner, q. v. 
 
 International Bookbinder (m). Volsl 1-5, 1900-1904; vols. 6-8; 
 1905: June, 1907. Q. 
 
 Vols. 1-5 with American Bookbinder, Nov., 1895-Apr., 1895. Founded* 
 1900 by J. L. Feeney and still conducted by him. Labor. 
 
 Campaign (w). May, 1848-Apr., 184-9. Indexed. F*. 
 
 Campaign organ for Lewis Cass. Published by Ritchie & Heiss until' 
 suspension, Apr., 1849. 
 
 Chi Omega Eleusias (q). Vols. 2-6. 1900-1904, 10 nos.; 1909-1910- 
 4 nos. O. 
 
 [19] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Washington, D. C, continued: 
 
 Capital (w). 1877-78, scat, nos.; Apr., 1879-Aug., 1880; 1881-82, scat, 
 nos. P6. 
 
 Founded 1871 by Capital Pub. Co. and published by them till 1882; 
 edited by Don Piatt, 1871-81 ; by A. C. Buell, 1882. Conducted by Ed- 
 mund Hudson, 3 883-88; Wade, Jenks & Co., 1889; Hallet Kilburn, 1890. 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 Washington Daily Chronicle. Nov.-Dec., 1864; Jan.-Apr., Nov.-Dec, 
 1865; 1866-71; Jan.-Oct., 1872. 15 v. F«.. 
 
 Founded 1861. Published by John W. and D. C. Forney, 1869-70; 
 John M. Morris, 1871 ; Chronicle Pub. Co., 1872-76. Daily seems to have 
 been suspended in 1876, but Forney's Sunday Morning Chronicle was 
 published by D. C. Forney until 1881 ; Sunday Chronicle by B. F. Hack- 
 man and Henry Reed, 1882 ; Thompson, McCord & Co., 1883 ; since then 
 by J. Q. Thompson & Co. 
 
 Washington "Weekly Chronicle. May, 1864-May, 1866. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Washington Chronicle (tri-w). 1838, 5 no's. 0; F". 
 Successor of Reformation, 1838. 
 
 National Citizens' Alliance (w). Jan. 22, 1891. 
 Founded 1891. 
 
 National Citizen's Alliance (w). Jan. 22, 1831. 
 Constitution (s-w). Oct.-Nov., 1844. 
 
 Same (s-w). Jan. 25, Apr. 26, 1845. 
 
 Successor of Spectator, and in same volume. Removed to Baltimore, 
 Dec, 1845 ; suspended sOon after. 
 
 Constitution (d). Apr., 1859-Apr., 1860; May, 1860-Jan., 1861. 2 v. 
 
 F6. 
 
 . Same (w). 1859-61. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Apr., 18RU, by George W. Bowman, and conducted by him till 
 July, 1860. Then sold to William M. Browne, associate editor since Nov., 
 1859, and conducted by him till suspension, Jan., 1861. Democratic. 
 Advocated secession, and in last issue announced its removal to some 
 Southern location. 
 
 Council Fire and Arbitrator (m). Vols. 1-4. 1878-81. Indexed. 2 v. 
 Q. Vol. 5. 1882. Indexed. .0. Vols. 6-8. 1883-84; Jan.-July, 
 1885. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1878, by A. B. Meacham, and conducted by him till his 
 death in 1882 ; by T. A. and M. C. Bland, Apr. 1882-89 ; by J. A. Bland, 
 
 1890. Indian question. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Craftsman (w). Jan. 31, Feb. 21, 1885; Feb. 13, 1886. 
 
 National Democrat (w). Sept., 1889-90. Fe. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1889, by Edmund Hudson, and conducted by him till 
 
 1891. Then published by Natl. Democrat Pub. Assn., and edited by Dun- 
 i can S. Walker till 1895. No later mention in directories 
 
 [20] 
 
District of Columbia 
 
 National Economist (w). Vols. 1-6. 1889-1894, scat. nos. F*-s. 
 
 Founded 1889 by National Economist Pub. Co. Organ of Farmers' 
 and Laborers' Union of America. Edited by C. W. McCune until 1894. 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 National Era (w). 1847-56. Indexed. 4 v. 1857-July, 1858; Oct. 
 
 13, 1859; Mar. 15, 1860. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1847 through efforts of American and Foreign Anti-slavery 
 Society. Edited by Gamaliel Bailey and John G. Whittier. In 1848 
 Bailey'3 house and office were assailed by a pro-slavery mob (as had also 
 been the plant of his former paper, the Cincinnati Philanthropist). Pub- 
 lished "Uncle Tom's Cabin" serially in 1851-512. Suspended soon after 
 Bailey's death in ]859. Anti-slavery. 
 
 Exodtjs. May-Oct, 1880 (incomp.). Fa. 
 
 Founded May, 1880, by John T>. Bagwell and Samuel E. Lowery. De- 
 voted to interests of colored race. 
 
 Washington Expositor (w). Jan., 1808- Jan., 1809. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Published by Dinmove & Cropcr. Suspended at end of the year of pub- 
 lication. 
 
 American Farmer (s-m). Mar -Dec, 1892. F. Dec, 1892-Dec, 1895. 
 
 F«. 
 
 Same (w). Dec, 1892-1896. F«. 
 
 Founded 1819. Published by American Farmer Co., 1891-97. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Washington Federalist (tri-w; d). Oct., 1800-Oct., 1802. 2 v. F=. 
 Dec, 1808, 9 nos. (With Universal Gazette, 1805-08.) 
 
 Removed from Richmond, Va., where it was published as Virginia 
 Ferlci-alitt by Stewart & Rind. 
 
 American Federationist. 
 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 Fleet Review (m). Vol. 1. 1910+ O. 
 
 Founded May, 1910, by Fleet Review Tub. Co., and since conducted by 
 them. Edited by John K. Cox. 
 
 American Forestry (m). 1898-1909. 12 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1894. Published (19111 by American Forestry Assn.; edited 
 by Edwin A. Start. Vols. 1-7. styled Forester; vols. 8-13, Forestry ana 
 Irrifiation; vol. 14, Forestry and Irrigation and Conservation; vol. 15, 
 Conservation. 
 
 Universal Gazette (w). Dec, 1805-Apr., 1806; Nov.-Dec, 1808. F«. 
 Founded 1802. Published by Samuel Harrison Smith, Dec., 1805-Dec, 
 1808. 
 
 Globe (d). June, 1831- June, 1832; 1833-Apr., 1845. 33 v. F«. Dec, 
 1862-Mar., 1863. Ft. 
 
 -Same (w). 1843. F<s. 
 
 [21] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Washington, D. C, continued: 
 
 Same (d and s-w). 1834-35, scat. nos. Ft. 
 
 Organ of Jackson's administration, 1830-41. Edited by Frank P. Blair 
 and Amos Kendall. Merged in Union, 1845, for political ends. Later 
 resumed title Globe. 
 
 Congressional Globe (w). Dec, 1833-Mar., 1837. Indexed. 109 v. 
 Q. 
 
 Published by Frank P. Blair and John C. Rives ; later, by J. Rives, 
 and F. and J. Rives. Continued after Mar., 1873, as a government pub- 
 lication under the name Congressional Record. 
 
 Good Govebnment (m). Vols. 12-27. July, 1892-1910. 13 v. O. 
 1911+ 
 
 See Civil Service Record, under Boston, Mass. 
 
 Granite-Cuttebs' Journal (m). 1884, 1886, 1896, 1900-1902, scat. nos. 
 Vols. 27-33. Apr., 1903-1910. 2 v. F. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1S77 by Granite Cutters' Natl. Union. Edited by Josiah B. 
 Dyer, 1 890-95 ; since then by James Duncan. Published at Barre, Vt., 
 May, 1888-90; Concord, N. H., 1890-95; Baltimore, Md., 1895-99, or 
 later ; Washington, D. C, till Aug., 1904 ; since then at Quincy, Mass. 
 
 Htjntbess (w). Feb. 27, 1847. 
 
 Published by Mrs. Anne Royall. 
 
 Daily National Intelligences. Jan.- July, 1815; July, 1815-Jan., 1816; 
 1818-19; Dec, 1821- June, 1822; Nov., 1822-May, 1823; Dec.', 1823- 
 June, 1824; June-Dec, 1824; 1825; Jan.-June, 1828; 1829; Jan.- 
 June, 1830; 1832; Jan.-June, 1833; Jan.-June, 1835; 1840; 1843- 
 50; July-Dec, 1851; Mar-Dec, 1852 (incomp.); 1853-54 (in- 
 comp.). 35 v. F«. 1855-62; Jan.-June, 1865; 1866. 19 v. Ft. 
 
 National Intelligences (tri-w). 1802-1803, 5 nos.; 1804; Oct., 1807- 
 Nov., 1808. 3 v. Fs. Dec, 1810-1811; 1813-14; 3 v. F«. May, 
 1816-May, 1822; 1823; 1825-31; 1833-36; Mar .-Dec, 1837; 1838- 
 45; 1846-47 (incomp.);' 1848-54. 33 v. Fs. July-Dec, 1855; 
 1856-61; 1862-63 (incomp.); 1864; 1866-69 (incomp.). 11 v. Ft. 
 
 Same (w). 1846-47 (incomp.); 1848-49 (incomp.); Jan. 1850- 
 
 Aug., 1851; 1852-53; Jan., 1854-Aug., 1855. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Established 1800 as organ of Jefferson's administration ; styled Na- 
 tional Intelligencer and Washington Advertiser till 1810 ; remained an 
 administration organ till superseded (1828) by U. S. Telegraph. Pub- 
 lished and edited by Gales and Seaton, 1812-65 ; daily edition merged in 
 weekly (Jan., 1870), and later removed to New York City. 
 
 National Journal (s-w). 1824-30, scat. nos. P«. 
 
 Same (tri-w). 1825; 1827-29. 4 v. Fa. 
 Owned and edited, 1825, by Peter Force. 
 
 [22] 
 
District of Columbia 
 
 Kendall's Expositor (bi-w; w, Sept., 1844). Vols. 1, 3-4. Feb.-Dec, 
 1841; Jan-Mar., 1843; Jan.-Oct., 1844. Indexed. 2 v. O. 
 
 Epitome of Congressional proceedings, and comment on current dis- 
 cussions. 
 
 Journal of Knights of Labor (w). May, 189&-Mar., 1898; Apr., 1898- 
 Apr., 1904; July, 1905+ F*. 
 See same title, under Philadelphia. 
 
 National Labob Review. Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct. 24, 1908. 
 
 Machinists' Journal (m). 1900-1902 (incomp.). Vols. 15-20. 1903- 
 1908. 6 v. Q. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Feb., 18S9, at Atlanta, Ga., by Internatl. Assn. of Machin- 
 ists. Published since as their organ at Richmond, Chicago, and Wash- 
 ington successively. Edited since 1894 by D. Douglas Wilson. 
 
 Madisonian (d). 1843; Jan.-June, 1844. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Same (s-w). Nov., 1842-July, 1843. 14 nos. 
 
 With Globe, 1834-35. 
 
 Same (tri-w). June-Dec, 1841. F". 
 
 Founded 1812, as organ of Tyler's administration. Published 1843-June, 
 1844, by J. B. Jones. 
 
 Monitob (tri-w). 1808-09, 4 nos. 
 
 With Universal Gazette, 1802-08. Published by John B. Colvin, as 
 
 successor to Colvin's Weekly Register. 
 
 National Magazine (w). Oct., 1801— Jan., 1802. O. 
 See same title under Richmond, Va. 
 
 Impartial Obseeveb (w). 1795, 3 nos. 
 
 With Md. and Ya. Newspapers, 1792-95. Founded 1795 by Thomas 
 , Wilson. 
 
 Daily Patbiot. May-Nov., 1872. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1870 by Patriot Newspaper Assn., and conducted by them 
 till 1872. No later mention in directories. Democratic. 
 
 Paul Pet (w). Jan. 28, 1832 (imperfect). 
 Published by Mrs. Anne Royall. 
 
 Washington Post (d). 1892-1910. 95 v. Fe. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1877 by Stilson Hutohins. Published by Washington Post Co., 
 1877-79 ; Stilson Hu'tchins. 1880-89 ; since then, by Washington Post 
 Co. Edited by Frank Hatton, 1888-94 ; Beriah Wilkins, 1894-1905 ; 
 since then by John R. McLean. 
 
 Postal Record (m). Vols. 3-22. 1889-1909. 10 v. Q. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 18S7 as a private enterprise ; in 1803 purchased by Natl. 
 Assn. of Letter Carriers, and since published by them. Edited by John 
 F. Victory, 1893-98 ; since then by Edward J. Cantwell. 
 
 Southern Pbess (tri-w). 1851, 4 nos. 
 
 [23] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Washington, D. C, continued: 
 
 Public Opinion (w). Apr., 1886-1896. 40 v. F. Indexed. 
 
 Founded 1886 by Public Opinion Co., and conducted by tbem until 
 1896. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Referendum News (m). Nov., 1905-Nov., 1906. O. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1905. Merged, Nov., 1906, with Equity, q. v. under 
 Philadelphia. , 
 
 Reformer (d). 1837, 5 nos. 
 
 With Baltimore Merchant, 1837. Founded 1837. Country edition of 
 Baltimore Merchant, q. v. Edited by Richard K. Cralle. 
 
 National Register (w). Jan. 17, Mar. 14, 1818. 
 National Republican (w). Oct., 1888-Sept., 1889. F?. 
 
 Same (d). Apr., 1871-1874. 2 v. Fa. 
 
 Founded 1860. Published by W. J. Murtagh, 1870-78 ; A. M. Clapp, 
 1879; Natl. Republican Ptg. Co.. 1880-89. No later mention in di- 
 rectories. 
 
 Sentinel of Christian Liberty. 
 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 Spectatoe (w). June, 1842-Oct., 1844. 2 v. F «. 
 
 Founded June, 1842, by J. L. Martin and John Heart, and conducted <- 
 by them till Mar., 1843 ; by Heart alone, Mar., 1843-Oet., 1844. Heart 
 then joined with W. A. Harris in publication of Constitution (s-w), Oct., 
 1844. 
 
 Columbian Star (w). 1824. F«. 
 
 Founded 1822 by Rev. Luther Rice, tater removed to Philadelphia, 
 and then to Atlanta, Ga. Still issued there as Christian Index, by Bell 
 & Graham. Baptist. 
 
 Evening Star. July 7, 1865. 
 
 National Standard (w; m, Jan., 1871). Sept., 1870-Feb., 1872. F«. 
 Founded 1870 by Joel G. Floyd. Perhaps continued as G. A. R. Jour- 
 nal, 1872-73. 
 
 Washington Dollar Weekly Star. July 19, 1861. 
 
 States and Union (w). May 26, 1860; Mar. 4, 1861. F s-s. 
 
 Stone Cutters' Journal (m). Vols. 17-22. 1903-1908. 2 v. F. 1909-p 
 Founded 1888 by Journeymen Stone Cutters' Assn. of America. 
 Edited by James McHugh since 1895. 
 
 United States' Telegraph (d). 1827-28, 12 nos.; Apr., 1829-1830 (in- 
 comp.); 1831. 2 v. Jan.-June, 1832; Jan.-June 1833. 2 v. F«. 
 Established in 1826 by Duff Green, as organ of Jackson's administra- 
 tion. 
 
 [24] 
 
District of Columbia 
 
 -Same (s-w). July-Dec, 1834; 1835. 2 v. F«. 
 
 -Same (s-w and d). Jan.-Oct., 1832; Jan.-June, 1834. F«. 
 
 -Same (s-w and tri-w). lS27-Feb., 1829. 2 v. Mar-Dec, 1829;. 
 1830; 1836. 4 v. F<s. 
 
 -Same (tri-w). Jan.-Oct., 1832; 1833. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Same— Extra (w). Vol. 1. Mar., 1828- Jan., 1829. Indexed. O. 
 
 Campaign paper published by Duff Green in support o£ Jackson and 
 Calhoun. 
 
 Evening Times (d). Apr-Dec, 1896. 3 v. F<s. 
 
 Founded 1894 by Washington Times Co., and conducted by them until 
 1901 or later. Now published by Frank A. Munsey. Independent. 
 
 Morning Times (d). Apr-Dec, 1896. 3 v. F<s. 
 See Evening Times. 
 
 Tbades Unionist (w). 1903-1906, scat, nos.; Oct., 1906-08. Fs. 1909-f 
 Founded 189(3. Conducted for many years by Sam de Nedrey ; at times 
 owned by him. Sold by him, Mar., 1911, to Frank S. Lerch, and since 
 conducted by latter. 
 
 National Tribune (w). Dec, 1882-1902. 10 v. F 6. 
 
 Founded 1877. Published by Natl. Tribune Co., 18S0-87 ; George E. 
 Lemon, 1888-96 ; McBlroy, Shoppel & Andrews, 1897-1901 ; later by 
 Nat!. Tribune Co- Edited (1909) by John McElroy. Independent. 
 
 True Commonwealth (m). Vol. 1. Apr., 1890-Apr., 1891. Q. 
 
 Founded 1890 by True Commonwealth Co., as anti-monopoly organ. 
 Apparently suspended at end of first year of publication. 
 
 Twentieth Century Quarterly. Feb., Oct., 1899; Sept., 1902; Dec.,. 
 1907. 
 
 Union (tri-w). 1846-48; Jan.-Feb., 1849. 3 v. 1850-53, scat, nos.; 
 1858-59. F6. 
 Published by Ritchie & Heisse. Organ of Calhoun Democrats and An- 
 nexationists. 
 
 Washington Union (d). 1851; July-Dec, 1852; Jan.-June, 1855. 4 v. 
 May, 1858-April, 1859. F<s. 
 
 National View (w). July 15, 1893. Ft. 
 
 Views (m). Vols. 11-16. 1899-Jan., 1905. 6 v. Q. Feb., 1905-Sept... 
 1908 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded 1889 by Max Cohen, and since conducted by him. Insur- 
 ance. 
 
 [25] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 "Washington, D. C., continued. 
 
 National Watchman (w). Feb., 1894-Dec, 1895. F. 1899-1900. 
 4 nos. F5. 
 
 Founded 1891 by National Watchman Co. Published by them and 
 edited by N. A. Dunning till 1896. Then styled Silver Knight and Na- 
 tional Watchman. Published by Silver Knight Pub. Co. and edited by 
 William M. Stewart till 1898. In 1899 resumed first title; published by 
 Democratic National Pub. Co. until 1901. No later data obtainable. 
 Populist till 1899; then Bi-metalism. 
 
 Woman's Campaign (m). Feb., 1873. Fs. 
 
 "Woman's Tribune. 
 
 See same title, under Beatrice. Nebr. 
 
 Wobking Woman (w). Oct. 15, 1887; 1890, 3 nos.; Jan. 5, May 5, 1891. 
 Founded 1887. 
 
 Florida 
 
 Apalachicola 
 
 ■Commercial Advertiser (w). June 25, 1851. 
 
 With Southern and Middle newspapers, 1851-60. Established 1842. 
 Published (1851) by J. L. Lyman and" J. H. Wilson. 
 
 Estero 
 
 .Flaming Swobd. 
 
 See, same title, under Chicago. 111. 
 
 Juno 
 
 Tropical Sun (w). Jan., 1892-Apr., 1893. F«. 
 
 Founded 1887. Conducted by Guy I. Carleton, 1891-95. No later 
 mention in directories. 
 
 St. Augustine 
 
 Tatlee (w). Jan.-Apr., 1892; Jan.-Apr., 1893. F. 
 
 E'ounded 1S92 as Tatler of Society in Florida by Anna M. Marcotte, 
 and still published by her. 
 
 Tampa 
 
 Union Label (w). Dec. 17, 1903. 
 
 Tangerine 
 
 Industrial Cooperator (s-m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Nov. 1, 1887. 
 
 [26] 
 
Georgia 
 
 Georgia 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 ■Commonwealth (d). May 2, 4, 1861. 
 
 With Middle and Southern Neicspapers, 1861-66. 
 
 Southern Confederacy (w). Aug. 16, 1863. 
 
 Atlanta Constitution (d). 1896-1910. 68 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Established during reconstruction period, primarily for aiding the 
 fight for restoration of constitutional government in Georgia. Founded 
 by Carey W. Stiles and W. u: Anderson ; first issue June 18, 1868. W. 
 A. Hemphill became business manager in 1870. In 1877 Capt. Evan P. 
 Howell acquired halt interest, becoming president and editor-in-chief. 
 He brought Henry W. Grady and Joel Chandler Harris to the Constitu- 
 tion. Upon Grady's death in 1889, Clark Howell, who had been re- 
 porter, night editor, and assistant to Grady, succeeded the latter as man- 
 aging editor. Upon retirement of Howell from business in 1897, his son 
 Clark Howell was made editor-in-chief, W. A. Hemphill being president 
 of the company. In 1001 Hemphill sold his stock to Clark Howell and 
 Hoby Robinson, the latter becoming business manager and Clark Howell 
 president of the company and editor-in-chief, which position he has since 
 held. 
 
 'Intelligencer (d). July 9, 1863; Jan. 20, 1864. 
 
 People's Party Paper (w). 1894-96 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1891 by People's Paper Pub. Co., and conducted by them 
 until 1896 ; by Our Pub. Co., 1897-98. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Progress (m). Nov., 1909. 
 
 Watson's Weekly Jeffersonian. Oct. 24, 1907. 
 
 Founded 1906 by Thomas E. Watson, formerly publisher of Watson's 
 Magazine, New York. q. v. Published at Augusta, Ga., until Jan.. 1907, 
 then moved to Atlanta ; in 1910 published by Jeffersonian Pub. Co., the 
 plant being at Thomson, Ga. Issues also a monthly magazine of same 
 name. 
 
 Augusta 
 
 Daily Chronicle and Sentinel. Nov., 1861— Apr., 1862; Oct. 29, 1862. 
 
 F 6. 
 
 Founded 1786 ; oldest paper now published in Georgia. Conducted 
 by W. S. Jones, 1861-62 ; Henry Moore and A. E. Wright, 1870-76 (with 
 Patrick Walsh ifter 1872) ; Walsh & Wright. 1S77-84 ; since then by 
 Chronicle Pub. Co. Now edited by Thomas W. Loyless. Styled Chronicle 
 and Constitutional, 1877-S5 ; now Chronicle. Democratic. 
 
 Constitutionalist (d). May 14, 1866. 
 
 Mirror (w). May 20, 1905; Nov. 17, 1906. 
 
 National Republican (d). Dec. 25, 1868. 
 
 Voice of Labor (w). Dec. 6, 1902; June 6, 1903. 
 
 [27] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Geobgia, continued: 
 
 Barnesville 
 
 Union News. 
 
 See Farmers' Union ,\ews, under Union City. 
 
 Commonwealth 
 
 Social Gospel (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Feb., Apr., July-Sept, 1898; 
 Jan., June-Dec, 1899; Jan.-June, Sept-Nov., 1900; Feb.-Apr.,- 
 July, 1901. O. 
 
 Founded 1S98 by Christian Vortunonwealtli; published by it and edited 
 by George H. Gibson until Mar., 1900. In Aug., 1900, removed to Soutl 
 Jamesport, N. Y. There published by Social Gospel Co. and edited by 
 Ralph Albertson and James P. Kelley until suspension, July, 1901. 
 Among associate editors were George D. Herron, William T. Brown, an<J- 
 Ernest H. Crosby. 
 
 Covington 
 
 Georgia Entebpbise (w). 1866, 3 nos. 
 
 Examines (w). May 2, 1866. 
 
 Douglasville 
 
 Industbial Woman (m). Aug., 1887. 
 
 Weekly View. 1887, 3 nos. 
 Founded 1887. 
 
 Duke 
 
 Coming Nation. 
 
 See same title, under Greensburg, Ind. 
 
 Griffin 
 
 Daily Chattanooga Rebel. Aug. 26, 1864. 
 Edited by Henry Watterson, 1862-63. 
 
 Macon 
 Georgia Citizen (w). July 19, 1856. 
 
 Macon Daily Telegbaph. June 3, 1864. 
 
 Milledgeville 
 
 Milledgeville Intelligences. Nov. 22, 1808. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1808. Founded 1505. Published 
 (1808) by A. McMillan. 
 
 [28] 
 
Georgia 
 
 Southern Recorder (w). 1864-68; 1869-72. 2 v. (incomp.). FT. 
 
 Founded 1819, by R. M. Orme Sr., and conducted by him (later with 
 bis son) until July, 1870. Then leased to John J. Wooten and Sterling 
 W. Roberts, but continued to be edited by R. M. Orme Jr., till Jan., 
 1871. Published by John A. Orme and R. A. Harrison, Jan., 1871-July, 
 1872 ; then by Orme alone till 1S7:J, when merged with Milledgeville 
 Union, as Union and Recorder. Published by Bougbton, Barnes & Moore 
 (formerly of the Union), 1873-78 and edited by S. N. Bougbton; since 
 then Barnes & Moore ; now styled Union Recorder. 
 
 New Echota 
 
 ■Cherokee Phcenix (w). 1828-34, scat. nos. P«. 
 
 In English and Cherokee languages. First paper published by aborigi- 
 nes in their own language ; characters invented by Sequoyah, 1821. 
 Supported by Cherokee Council ; edited by Elias Boudinot. 
 
 Buskin 
 
 Coming Nation. 
 
 See same title, under Greensburg, Ind. 
 
 Savannah 
 
 Savannah Courier (d). Nov. 28, 1852. 
 
 With Southern and Middle Newspapers, 1851-60. Founded 1852 by S. 
 T. Chapman. 
 
 Gazette of the State of Georgia. Feb. 13, 1783. 
 
 With S. Carolina Gazette, 1783. A revival of the old Georgia Gazette, 
 first paper in the state (1763-76) ; suspended, 1802. 
 
 Savannah Daily Herald. Apr. 23, 1865. 
 
 Savannah Labor (w). Oct. 12, 1895. 
 
 Ladies' Magazine (w). Vol. 1. Feb.-Aug., 1819. O. 
 
 Published by Barton & Edes. Suspended at end of six months. 
 Founded to contribute "to the general mass of female information." 
 
 Republican (d). Mar. 11, 1825; Apr. 24, 1865. 
 
 With Southern and Western Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Published 
 (1825) by Frederick S. Fell. 
 
 Thomaston 
 
 Union News. 
 
 See same title, under Union City. 
 
 Union City 
 
 Farmers' Union News (w). Feb.-No-v., 1906; Jan., 1908+ F* 
 
 Founded Sept., 1904, at Woodbury, Oa., by R. F. Duckworth, and since 
 conducted by him. Moved to Thomaston in lHOo, to Barnesville in 1906, 
 and to Union City in 1907. Organ of Natl. Farmers' Union. 
 
 [29] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Idaho 
 
 ' Boise 
 
 Idaho Scimetae (w). Vol. 1. Nov., 1907-Oct, 1908. F. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1907. Published by Scimetar Ptg. & Pub. Co. Edited? 
 by Fred T. Dubois. 
 
 Caldwell 
 
 Socialist (w). July-Dec, 1906. F». 
 
 Moved hither from Toledo, O., July, 1906. Removed to Seattle, Wash.,. 
 Jan., 1907. 
 
 Lewis ton 
 
 New Life (m). Oct., 1904. 
 
 Silver City 
 
 Idaho Avalanche. i ; 
 
 Bee Owyhee Avalanche. 
 
 Owyhee Avalanche (d). Oct., 1874-Apr., 1876. 2 v. F «. 
 
 Same (w). Aug., 1865-Nov., 1868; Feb., 1870-Apr., 1875; Sept., 
 
 1875-July, 1904. 16 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1865. Conducted by HiJl & Millard, 1869-70 ; W. J. Hill, 
 1871-76 ; J. S. Hay, 1877-81 ; Newcomb & Adams, 1882 ; Newcomb & 
 Hays, 1883 ; Charles S. Hays, 1884-90 ; L. A. York, 1891-May, 1902 
 (with — Lamb, 1891) ; Ellis E. Beebe, May-Dec, 1902 ; Charles P. 
 Larks, Dec, 1902-Feb., 1903 ; Avalanche Pub. Co., Feb., 1903-July, 
 1904 (edited by George Fritz a few months, then by Monroe Stevens). 
 Probably suspended soon after. Styled Idaho Avalanche, Sept. 1875- 
 Aug., 1897. 
 
 Tidal Wave (s-w). Dec. 1868-Feb., 1870. Fb. 
 
 Founded 1868 by F. J. and J. S. Butler. Absorbed in 1870 by Ava- 
 lanchej q. v. 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Alton 
 
 Illinois Tempebance Herald. Oct., 1839. 
 
 Beardstown 
 
 Central Illinoian. May 19, 1864. 
 
 [30] 
 
Illi 
 
 inois 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Belleville Advocate (w). Nov. 8, 1854. 
 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. Successor (1839) of sev- 
 eral short-lived papers. Conducted by James L. Boyd and J T C Clark 
 1840 ; Boyd alone. 1840-42 ; P. B. Fouke, R. K., B. H. and w' K Flem- 
 ing successively, 1842-49; Jehu Baker, 1850; J. W. Merrltt, 1850- 
 ™« ? 6 N " eS and E ' H - PIemin S. 1831-54 ; Fleming and J. S. Coulter, 
 1855 ; Coulter, 1855-56 ; Niles, 1856-57 (with Edward Schiller, 1856) : 
 Collins Van Cleve and T. C. \Y«den, 1857-00 ; E. J. Montague 1860-61 • 
 Van Cleve, 1861-63 (with A. G. Dawes and F. N. Hawes as editors) j 
 G. F. Kimball, 1863-67 ; Kimball and F. M. Taylor, 1867-72 ; Taylor 
 1872-90. Then suspended for a month. Revived by J. H. Thomas and 
 G. F. Kimball. Published by Thomas & Willoughby, 1891-95; since 
 then by Belleville Advocate Ftg. Co. Absorbed Illinois Independent 
 1852; Mascoutah Neicsletter, 1861. Democratic; later Free Soil; 
 now Republican. 
 
 Social Democratic Herald. 
 
 See same title, under Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 Belvidere 
 
 MXSTIC WORKER. 
 
 See same title, under Fulton. ' ' 
 
 Bloomington 
 
 Sunday Bulletin (w). Oct. 28, 1888. 
 
 Democrat (d). Aug. 15, 1868. 
 
 Published by S. S. Parker (18o8). 
 
 Tailor. 
 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 Chicago 
 A. L. A. Booklist (m). Vols. 1-6. 1905-1910. 6 v. in 3. D. 1911+ 
 Outgrowth of a Buying List of Recent Books, issued (at first m., then 
 q., but later irreg.) by State Library Commissions of Wisconsin, Iowa, 
 and Minnesota, beginning October 10, 1901, and compiled at Madison, 
 Wis. (q. v.) by Miss Cornelia Marvin of Wisconsin Commission. Later, 
 several other state commissions joined in the enterprise until it was 
 adopted by the (national) League of Library Commissions — Miss Marvin 
 continuing as editor. Pub. Board of Amer. Library Assn. then assumed 
 management of the publication, name of which was changed to A. L. A. 
 Booklist, thereafter (commencing Jan.-Feb., 1905) issued m. at Bos- 
 ton, Mass., till Sept., 1909, when publication office was removed to 
 Chicago. Edited by Caroline H. Garland, Dover, N. H., Jan., 1905- 
 May, 1906 ; Katharine I. MacDonald, Madison, Wis., Oct., 1906-June, 
 1908 ; Elva L. Bascom, Madison, Sept., 1908 to date. Aims to assist 
 public libraries in the selection of recent books. 
 
 A. L. A. Bulletin (bi-m). Vols. 1-3. 1907-1910. 3 v. 
 
 Published by Amer. Library Assn. Includes proceedings of annual 
 meeting, and executive board thereof, and miscellaneous information re- 
 garding the work of the association. 
 
 [31 J 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, III., continued: 
 
 Advance (w). Vola 3-4, 1868-69. F?. Vols. 6-7. 1871-72. F*. Vols. 
 8-32. 1873-96. 26 v. F. Vols. 33-34. 1897 (incomp.). 
 Vol. 36. 1898. F. Vols. 39-41. 1900-June, 1901. 3 v. F. 
 Vols. 43, 44, 46, 47. 1902-1904 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded 1867 by the Advance Co. ; publishers changed often till 1890 ; 
 since then issued by Advance Pub. Co. Edited by W. W. Patton, 1870- 
 73 ; J. T. B. Marsh and H. L. Turner. 1873-74 ; C. H. Howard, 1874- 
 82 ; Robert West, 1883-86 ; Simeon Gilbert and F. A. Noble, 1887-89 ; 
 since then by H. S. Harrison and J. A. Adams. Congregational. 
 
 Age (w). Apr. 27, 1895. 
 
 Continuation (Apr. 13, 1895) of Chicago Searchlight, q. t. 
 
 Alarm (w). 1885-89 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1884 by International Working People's Assoc. ; edited by A. 
 E. Parsons, until suppressed by authorities, Apr., 1886 (on conviction of 
 Parsons for complicity in Haymarket riots). Revived Nov., 1887, and 
 edited by Dyer D. Lum, but suspended Apr., 1888 ; resumed at New York 
 in June, and edited by Lum till Feb., 1889. 
 
 America, a journal for Americans (w). 1888— Sept., 1889 (incomp.). 
 Vols. 3-5. Oct., 1889-Mar., 1891. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Founded 1888 by Slason Thompson, and published by him until its 
 suspension in 1891 (part of the time with Hobart Chatfield Taylor). 
 In Oct., 1888, absorbed Current, q. v. Literary and political. 
 
 Chicago American (w). Aug. 30, Sept. 27, 1839; Jan. 3, 24, Feb. 7, 
 1840; July 30, 1841; April 6, Aug. 2, 17, 1842. F«. 
 
 With Middle and Western Neuspapeis, 1831-40 ; Eastern and Western 
 Newspapers, 1841^49. Second paper in Chicago. Founded, June, 1835 
 by Thomas O. Davis. Edited by him till 1837; by William Stuart, 
 1837-41. Owned by Alexander Stuart after 1841 ; edited by W. W. 
 Brackett, 18-tl-July, 1S42 ; Buckner S. Morris, July-Oct., 1842. Suc- 
 ceeded the same year by Chicago Express, q. v. Issued first daily in 
 Chicago, Apr. 9, 1839. 
 
 Apparel Gazette (s-m). 1908-1910 (incomp.). F. 
 Founded 1859. Advertising. 
 
 CShicagoer ARBEiTEB-ZEiTtrNG (d). 1903-1910. 16 v. F«. 1911+ 
 See Voroote. 
 
 Arbejdeben (w). Norwegian-Danish. Oct. 2, 1898-Apr. 7, 1900. Ft, 
 Founded 1895 by Arbei'deren Pub. Co. ; edited by John Glambeck. 
 1895-1901. Labor. No later data obtainable. 
 
 AUGTJSTANA. 
 
 See same title, under Galesburg. 
 
 Bakers' Helper (m). 1900-1903, 8 nos.; May, 1908. F. 
 
 Bakers' Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Paterson, N, J. 
 
 [32] 
 
Illinois 
 
 Blacksmith's Journal (m). Vol. 2. 1901; Vol. 4. 1903, 9 nos; 
 Vols. 5-10. 1904-1909. 7 v. .0. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1900. Organ of International Brotherhood of Blacksmiths 
 and Helpers. Edited by Robert B. Kerr, 1901-July. 1905; since then 
 by James W. Kline. Published at Mollne till Feb., 1904. 
 
 Boyce's Weekly. Jan.-Sept, 1903. F«. 
 
 All issued. Merged in Saturday Blade. 
 Bbann's Iconoclast (m). May, 1900; 1904-1905, 7 nos. Q. 
 
 Brick, Tile, and Terra Cotta Workers' Journal (m). Mar., 1902-1907; 
 1908, 5 nos. O. 
 
 Founded 1896. Organ of Tnternatl. Brick, Tile, and Terra Cotta 
 Workers' Alliance. Edited (1908) by William Van Bodegraven. 
 
 Bureau (m). Oct., 1869-Dec, 1870. O. Feb.- July, 1871. F. 
 
 Founded 1S69. Published by A. Armstrong in 1870; then managed 
 by him for Bureau Pub. Co., and edited by C. W. Jenks till 1872. No 
 later mention in directories. Commercial. 
 
 Car Worker (m). Vols. 1-6. 1903-1909. 6 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1903. Organ of International Assn. of Car-Workers. Edi- 
 ted by A. T. Fish till Nov., 1904 ; C. C. Gaskins, Nov., 1904-Aug., 1905 ; 
 James L. Tracy, Aug.-Dec, 1905 ; since then by G. W. Gibson. 
 
 Northwestern Christian Advocate (w). 1856-59, 5 nos. Jan.-Nov., 
 1864 (incomp.). Ft. Jan.-June, 1873 (incomp.). 1879-85. 
 3 v. W. 1886-96. 11 v. P*. 1897-1906; 1909. 11 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1853 by the Northwestern Methodist Conference. Published 
 for it by Swormated & Poe till 1869 ; Hitchcock & Walden, 1869-80 ; 
 
 Walden & -Stowe, 1880-84 ; Cranston & Stowe, 1884 ; and since 1907 
 
 by Jennings & Graham. Edited by Thomas M. Eddy, 1856-68 ; John 
 Morrison Reid. 1S68-72 ; Arthur Edwards, 1872-1901 ; since then by 
 David D. Thompson, for many years assistant editor. Methodist Epis- 
 copal. 
 
 Christian Socialist (m; s-w; w). 1907+ F*. 
 
 F_punded Jan., 1904, at Webster City, Iowa, by Oscar F. Donaldson. 
 Moved to Danville, 111., Aug., 1904, and since edited by Rev. Edward 
 Ellis Carr ; moved to Chicago Jan., 1907. Published by the Co-op. Ptg. 
 Co. Marxian Economics. 
 
 Christian Times (w). Apr., 1855-Dec, 1857; 1858-59; 1860- 
 Feb., 1863; Mar., 1863-July, 1865; Aug., 1865-67. 5 v. V. 
 
 Successor (1853) of Watchman of Prairies (owned and edited by Rev. 
 Luther Stone, Aug., 1847-Feb., 1853). Christian Times issued six 
 months later by Chicago Baptist Association, but sold in November to 
 Revs. Levoy Church and Justin A. Smith. The latter sold to J. F. 
 Childs in 1854, and he in turn to Church, 1855. In Jan., 1857, Edward 
 Goodman became part owner. In Jan., 1875, James S. Dickerson bought 
 Church's interest ; since his death in 1876, his widow, Mrs. Emma Rich- 
 ardson Dickerson and their son, J. Spencer Dickerson, have controlled 
 the publication. Edited by J. A. Smith and Leroy Church, 1853-67; 
 Smith, 1867-76 ; since then J. S Dickerson. Absorbed (1865) Witness 
 of Indianapolis, and Michigan Christian Herald, and styled Christian 
 Times and Witness till 1867 ; since then Standard, q. v. Baptist. 
 
 3— N. C. [ 33 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, In., continued: 
 
 Chronicle (w). 1872-73. Q. 
 
 Founded 1866 by Chronicle Pub. Co. ; removed to New York City, q. v., 
 Aug., 1872, and still published there by Chronicle Ptg Co. Edited (1869- 
 73) by John J. W. O'Donoghue and Edgar A. Hewitt. Insurance. 
 
 Northwestern Church (s-m; w, 1864). Nov., 1863-Nov. 2, 1865. F s. 
 
 Successor (Apr., 1862) of Chicago Record, q. v. Edited by Thomas 
 Smith. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Chubch Record. 
 
 See Chicago Record. 
 
 Cigab Makers' Official Journal. 
 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 City Club Bulletin (w). Vols. 1-2. Feb., 1907-July, 1908. 2 v. Q. 
 Aug., 1908+ 
 
 Published by City Club. Edited at first by Augustus K. Hatton ; by 
 Charles T. Halliman, Mar., 1908-June, 1909, or later; since Oct., 1909, 
 by Dwight L. Akers. 
 
 Commercial Express. 
 
 See Wells' Commercial Empress. 
 
 Commercial Telegbaphebs' Journal (m). Vols. 1-3. 1903-1905. Q. 
 
 Vols. 4-6. 1906-1908. 3 v. O. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1903. Organ of Commercial Telegraphers* Union of 
 America. Edited by A. G. Douglas, until Aug., 1904 ; W. C. Long, Aug., 
 1904-1909 ; since then by Wesley Russell. Published at Milwaukee until 
 Aug., 1904. 
 
 Co-opebation (w). Mar. 26, May 21, 1904; May 27, 1905. 
 
 Co-operative Farmer. 
 
 See Equity Farm Journal, under Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 National Co-operator (m). 1904, 3 nos.; 1905, 5 nos. F. 
 
 Founded 1903 by First Natl. Co-op. Soc. Edited by Roy B. Simpson, 
 Dec, 1904-Dec, 1905. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Co-opebatob's Guide. 
 
 See Equity Farm Journal, Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 Coopers' International Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Cleveland, O. 
 
 National Cobpobation Reporter (w). Vols. 1-10. Sept., 1890-Aug., 
 
 1895. 10 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1890. Published by U. S. Corporation Bureau. Edited since 
 1890 by Adolph Moses. 
 
 Council (m). Mar. 1, 1888. 
 
 Courier Canadien. 
 
 See Courier Franco-Americain. 
 
 [34] 
 
Illinois 
 
 Courier Franco- American (w). July, 1903-1904; 1905-1907. F«. 
 1908+ 
 See Oanadien, under St. Paul, Minn. 
 
 Current (w). Vols. 1-10. Dec, 1883-1888. 8 v. Indexed. F. 
 
 Founded 1883 by Edgar L. Wakeman. Edited by him till 1885, with 
 G. C. Cochran and Gustavus C. Matthews as associate editors, and 
 David Swing contributing editor (1885) ; by Wakeman, Matthews, and 
 John McGovern, 1885-Oct. 1886 — Wakeman withdrawing Sept., 1885, 
 Matthews July, 1880 and McGovern Oct., 1886 ; then by A. H. Harry- 
 man, till merged in America (q. v.), Oct., 1888. Literary and political. 
 
 Chicago Democrat (w). June 4, 1835; 1842-45, 13 nos. 1850-60, 
 5 nos. F«. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1831-40 ; Eastern and Western 
 flewspapeis, 1841— 13, First paper published in Chicago: founded by 
 John Calhoun, Nov-, 1833 : sold to John Wentworth, Nov., 1837 ; pub- 
 lished by him till merged in Tribune, 1861. Suspended for lack of paper, 
 Jan.-May, 183o. Issued daily after Feb. 24, 1840. After Kansas- 
 Nebraska agitation, became Republican. 
 
 National Democrat (w). June-.Oct, 1900. F«. 
 
 Founded 189T. Published (19001 by Natl. Democrat Co., and edited 
 by Willis J. Abbott. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Dial (m; s-m). Vols. 1-49. 1880-1910. 49 v. in 46. Q. 1911+ 
 
 Published by Jansen, McClurg & Co., 1880-Feb., 1886; A. C. Mc- 
 Clurg & Co. Mar.. 1886-July, 1892 ; since then by Dial Co. Edited 
 continuously by Francis F. Browne. Literary. 
 
 Dziennik-Ludovt (d). Mar.-Dec, 1907. F«. 1908+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1907, as Polish "People's Daily," Z. J. Odalski, man- 
 ager. Present manager is M. Sokolowski ; editors, W. S. Jesien and K. 
 Mazurkiewicz. Devoted to interests of working classes. 
 
 Economist (w). Vols. 23-36. 1895-1906 (some vols, incomp.). F. 
 
 Founded 1888 by Economist Pub. Co. ; edited by Clinton B. Evans till 
 1901 or later. 
 
 Eight-Hour Herald (w). Oct., 1895-1897 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Founded 1892 by Eight Hour Herald Co. (controlled by William C. 
 Hollistcr). Edited by M. J. Carroll. Suspended in 1898. Labor. 
 
 Elevator Constructor (m). Vols. 1-2. Nov., 1903-1905. 2 v. O. 
 
 1906 + 
 
 Founded 1903 by International Union of Elevator Constructors, and 
 since conducted by it. Edited by Henry Snow till Feb., 1907; since 
 then by William Young. Removed to Philadelphia, Feb., 1907. 
 
 Emery's Journal of Agriculture (w). Vol. 2. July-Dec, 1858. F. 
 Founded Jan., 1858, by Henry D. Emery, who bought Prairie Farmer, 
 q. v., Oct., 1858. and published the papers under combined title till 
 Jan., 1859. 
 
 [351 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, III., continued: 
 
 Epworth Herald (w). Vols. 1-5. 1890-95. Vol. 7. 1896-97; Vol. 15. 
 1904-05; Vol. 18. 1907-08. 8 v. P. Also 1897, 1899-1903, 1905, 
 1906-1907, 1908-1909, 1909-10 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded 1885 as successor of Our Youth (Meth.). Edited by Joseph 
 P. Berry, formerly of Michigan Christian Advocate, till June, 1904, with 
 Stephen J. Herben as assistant editor ; since then, by Herben. 
 
 Evolutionist (m). Vol. 1, Nos. 1-9. July, 1909 — Mar. 1910. S. 
 Published by Arthur M. Lewis until suspension, Mar., 1910. 
 
 Chicago Express (w). Sept., 1880-Aug., 1882; 1883-96, scat. nos. F«. 
 Edited by B. S. Heath, 1887 ; D. Oglesby, 1889-90 ; Samuel Leavitt 
 and others, 1891-94'; L. D. Reynolds, 1895-98; Clarke Ervin, 1899. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Fackel (w). Apr., 1903-1909. 4 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Sunday edition of Chicagoer Arbeiter-Zeitung , q. v. 
 
 Farm 1 , Field, and Fireside (w). Feb., 1894-96. 3 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1878 by R. L. V. Powis. Published by T. W. HerringsLaw, 
 1879; Farm, Field and Fireside Co., 1880-85; Gen. C. H. Howard and 
 James W. Wilson, 1885-1900; Howard Co., 1890-May, 1905. Then 
 sold to William A. Radford, and in 1906 to Herbert Shearer ; since 
 then styled National Monthly Farm Press. Styled Farm, Field, and 
 Stockman (q. v), 1885-1893. Purchased Western Rural (q. t.) in 1894. 
 
 Farm, Field, and Stockman (w). Vols. 13-14. 1890-91. 2 v. F*. 
 1901-1903, scat. nos. 
 
 See Farm, Field, and Fireside. 
 
 Farmers and Drovers Journal (d). Nov., 1908-Apr., 1910. 4 v. F». 
 1911+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 187:.:, as Drovers Journal, by Harvey L. Goodall ; after 
 his death, March, 1900, managed by B. F. Goodall, executrix, till June, 
 1906 ; since then issued by Drovers Journal Pub. Co., Harvey L. Good- 
 all Jr., managing editor. Daily edition since 1874, styled Chicago Daily 
 Drovers Journal till Nov., 1905. 
 
 Farmers' Review (w). Vols. 21-22. 1890-91. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1877 by A. Moore. Published by Farmers' Review Co. till 
 1883; Hannibal II. Chandler till Apr., 1909; since then by National 
 Stockman and Farmer Co., pittslmrs and Chicago. Edited by Oscar C. 
 Gibbs, 1886-88 ; Chandler, 1888-1890 ; A. S. Alexander, 1890-1901. 
 
 Farmers' Voice (w). July 27, 1899. 
 
 Chicago Federalist (s-m). Apr. 1, 1900. 
 
 Chicago Field (w). May, 1878-Jan., 1879. F*. 
 
 Founded 1874 as Field; then styled Field and Stream, 1874-76; 
 Chicago Field, 1877-81; since then, American Field. Published by. 
 C. W. Marsh & Co., 1874-79; Chicago Field Pub. Co., 1879 — July, 1881: 
 since then, American Field Pub. Co. Edited by Dr. N. Rowe, Mar. 
 1876-Mar., 1896 i since then by Mrs. Rowe (George W. Strell, manag- 
 ing editor, since 1876). Issued at New York also since 1883. 
 
 [36] 
 
Ill 
 
 inois 
 
 Beaming Swobd (w). Vols. 3-19. Dec, 1892-1905; Vols. 21-23, 1906- 
 1909. 13 v. Q. 
 
 Founded 1889 by Cyrus E. Teed (Koresh), as organ of sect known as 
 "Koreshan," with O. V. l/Amoreaux as associate editor till 1897 ; by 
 tL G. Morrow, 1897-1907. In 1892 absorbed Plowshare and Pruning 
 Hook, organ of "Commercial Equation." Published at Chicago by Guid- 
 ing Star Pub. Co. till Oct., 1903, when publication was suspended till 
 June 14, 1904. Then resumed at the Koreshan Unity colony, Bstero, 
 Fla. Published monthly from July, 1894 — Sept., 1897. 
 
 Folkevennen (w). Danish and Norwegian. Feb., 1899-1908. 5 v. 
 F6. 1909 + 
 
 Founded 1S99 by Rev. J. Z. Torgerson ; issued by him till Jan., 1881, 
 as a somewhat irregular monthly ; at that time taken over by Mortensen 
 and Crook, and became an independent religious weekly. In 1903 Mor- 
 tensen retired, and paper has since been published by the Folkevennen 
 Pub. Co. ; L. Crook, Manager. 
 
 Free Society. 
 
 See same title, under San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Fbeedom (m). 1890-92, scat. nos. F. 
 
 Founded 1890, by Albert K. Parsons. Short-lived. Anarchist. 
 
 Fuel (w; d). Oct. 10, 1904; Dec. 24, 31, 1907; Jan. 7, 14, 1908. F. 
 
 Gamla och Nya Hemlandet (w). Swedish. Oct. 1898+ F«. 
 
 Founded at Galesburg, Jan., 1855 ; removed to Chicago, 1858. Con- 
 ducted by Rev. J. N. Hasselquist, 1855-58 ; Dr. Novelius and Jonas 
 Engberg, 1859 ; Brland Carlsson and Engberg, 1860-63 ; Engberg, 1863- 
 64; Dr. A. R. Cervin, 1864-68: J. G. Princell, Jan. — July, 1869; 
 P. A. Sundelius, 1869 ; John A. Enander, 1869-72 ; Enander and G. A. 
 Bohman, 1872-89 ; Hemlandet Pub. Co., 1890-91 ; A. E. Johnson and 
 J. N. Sbderhnlm, 1891-96 ; since then by Hemlandet Co. Edited by 
 Enander. Religious till 1869 ; since then, general news. 
 
 Glas Svobode (w). Slavonian. May 26, 1905. 
 
 Glass Wokkek (m). 1904-July, 1905 (incomp.). Fs. Vols. 4-6. 
 Sept., 1906-1909. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Sept.. 1902, organ of Amalg. Glass Workers' Internatl. Assn. 
 Edited by William Figolah since 1903. 
 
 Geeat Campaign (w). July 13-Nov. 14, 1876. F«. 
 
 Published by M. M. Pomeroy, editor of Pomeroy's Democrat, q. v. All 
 Issued. Greenback. 
 
 Modern Gboceb (w). Sept. 1909+ F. 
 See Mixed Stocks. 
 
 Heeald (m). Nov., 1871-Nov., 1873; Mar -May, 1877. Q. 
 
 Founded 1870. Published by Powell & Steele, 1871 ; George I. Teager 
 and S. H. Davis, 1872-76 ; Yeager & Ormsbee, 1876-77 ; then by Herald 
 Co. with Yeager as manager. In March, 1877, he sold the good will of 
 the paper to Charles E. Rollins, but the stockholders denied his right to 
 sell, and two Heralds were for several months published while the case 
 
 [37] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, III., continued: 
 
 was in court. Kollins changed title of his paper to Argus, published 
 since 1877 by the Rollins Pub. Co. Edited by Rollins till 1886; J. H. 
 Kellogg, 1887; Charles A. Hewitt, 1888-91; F. C. Oviatt, 1892-95; 
 A. H. Huling. 1896-99 ; C. T. Howell, 1900 ; P. J. V. McKian, 1901-1904 ; 
 T. W. Dealy, 1905-1908; since then by McKian. Insurance. 
 
 Western Herald (w). July, 1846-July, 1852. 2 v. F?. 
 
 Founded 1846 as family religious paper, by Walker and Worrell; pub- 
 lished by them till Aug., 1849 when it was bought by J. Ambrose Wight 
 of Prairie Farmer, and William Bross ; in July, 1852, bought by Wight. 
 Edited by J. B. Walker and — Kingsbury, 1846-47 ; Walker and 
 James Shaw, 1847-Apr., 1840 ; Walker alone, Apr.-Aug. ; W. G. Taylor, 
 Aug.-Sept. 12 ; Wight, Sept. 1849-53 (with Rev. A. L. Chapin of 
 Belolt and Kev. G. S. Savage as corresponding editors). Styled Herald 
 of Prairie*, Apr., 1847-Sept., 1849 ; Prairie Herald, Sept., 1849-53 ; 
 Congregational Herald, 1853-61. 
 
 Herald of the Prairies (w). Apr., 1847-Sept, 1849. F«. 
 See western Herald. 
 
 Home Visitor (m). 1888-1897; 1902-Aug., 1905, 3 v. F. Sept., 1905- 
 1910. 2 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1859 by Chicago Home for the Friendless ; edited by Mrs. 
 Mary G. Clarke, 1869-71 ; Eliza Bowman, 1872-80 ; Miss E. T. Col- 
 burn, 1891-1901 ; Miss Isabella Rousavell, 1902-May, 1903 ; Ellen C. 
 Babbitt, June, 1903-1907 ; since then, Mary B. Stalker. 
 
 Humoristen (w). Vol. 10. 1899. F*. 
 
 Founded 1890. Published by Humoristen Pub. Co., 1892-95; by Gus 
 
 Broberg, 1895-1900. Edited by ID. Lindblom, 1892-95 ; then by Gus 
 
 Wickland. After 1900 styled Svenslca Nyheter Humoristen (q. v.), and 
 edited by William Graf. 
 
 Industrial Age (w). Aug., 1873-Feb., 1877. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1873 by Industrial Age Pub. Co. Edited by J. A. Noonan 
 and C. C. Buell till 1874; Noonan, S. M. Smith, and Charles E. Bar- 
 ney, 1874-76 ; then by Noonan, Smith and Buell until 1879. No later 
 mention in directories. Absorbed People's Paper, 1873. Independent. 
 
 Industrial Union Bulletin (w). Mar., 1907-Mar., 1909 (incomp.). F 6 . 
 Edited for Industrial Workers of World by William E. Trautmann 
 and Vincent St. John until suspension, Mar., 1909. See also Industrial 
 Worker, under Joliet. 
 
 Industrial Workers of the World. Bulletins. Dec. 1, 1906; Jan. 10, 
 1907. 
 
 Interior (w). 1887-90; 1892-June, 1895; 1896-1907. 34 v. F«. 1872, 
 1874, 1875-86, 1891 (incomp.) 
 
 Founded 1869 by E. B. Mason. Edited for about three years by 
 Arthur Swazcy and C. Van Santvoord ; then by William C. Gray, Fran- 
 cis L. Patton, and Charles L. Thompson until 1876 ; Gray alone, 1876- 
 1901 ; since his death in 1901, by Everett Sisson. Published most of 
 the time by Cyrus H. MeCormick. Absorbed Christian Hour, Occident, 
 and Western Presbyterian. Presbyterian. 
 
 [38] 
 
Illinois 
 
 Inteb-Ocean (d). 1873-Nov., 1876; Jan.-Sept., 1877; May-Dec, 1879; 
 
 Sept-Dec, 1880; 1881-July, 1882; Oct. 1886-Mar., 1891; July, 
 
 1891; Aug. 24, 1891-1892; 1893 (exc. Jan., June); 1895-96.' 75 v. 
 F «. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1872, by Jonathan Young Scammon, as Republican 
 party organ when the Tribune swung away in that year. Published by 
 William Penn Nixon till 1876; since then by Inter Ocean Co., con- 
 trolled by W. P. and O. W. Nixon till 1891; H. H. Kohlsaat, 1891-94; 
 the Nixons, 1894-97; Charles T. Yerkes, 1897-1907; since then by 
 G. W. Hinman. Edited by Scammon and E. W. Halford, 1872-73; 
 Scammon and Frant W. Palmer, 1873-75; Palmer alone, 1875-1877; 
 Gilbert A. Pierce, 1877-83 or 1884 ; since then by William E. Curtis, W.' 
 H. Busbey, and (since 1897) George W. Hinman. Republican. 
 
 Same (w). 1881; 1883-86; 1893-94. 2 v. pe. 
 
 Irrigation Age (m). Vols. 6-10. 1894-1896. 5 v. O. Vols. 12-14. 
 1897-1900. 3 v. O. Vol. 17. 1902. O. Vols. 18-23. 1902-1908. 
 5 v. Q. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1884. Published (1910) by Irrigation Age Co. Among edi- 
 tors have been W. E. Smythe, G. E. Girling, and J. E. Forrest. Now 
 owned and edited by D. H. Anderson. Has absorbed Modern Irrigation, 
 Irrigation Era, Arid America, Drainage Journal, Mid-West, Farm Herald. 
 
 American Issue. 
 
 See same title, under Columbus, O. 
 
 Jewish Labor World (w). July, 1908+ F<>. 
 
 Founded July, 1908, by Jewish Socialist Pub. Assoc. Edited by H. 
 Rogoff till Oct., 1908; A. G. Sachs, Oct., 1908— Aug., 1910; since then 
 by Dr. Karl Vornberg. Socialist Labor. 
 
 Chicago Journal (d). Mar. 28, 1846; Oct. 26, 1847; Sept. 23, Nov. 12, 
 1864; Mar. 6, Nov. 13, 16, 1869 (with unbound Chicago papers). 
 Sept. 1896-Apr., 1897. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1844, as successor of Chicago Express, by Richard Lush 
 Wilson, who conducted it with his brother, Charles Lush Wilson, till 
 1856. The latter remained proprietor and editor till 1875, except from 
 1861-64, when acting as secretary of legation at London. During this 
 time, and from 1875-88, Andrew Shuman, who had been connected with the 
 paper since 1856, had editorial charge. Afterward edited by W. K. 
 Sullivan, 1888 ; J. R. Wilson, 1889-94 ; Slason Thompson, 1894-95 ; 
 later, by John C. Eastman. Sold in 1893 to S. F. Farrar, as president 
 of Journal Co., and since published by it. Now styled Evening Journal. 
 
 Illinois State Journal (d). 1887. 3 nos. 
 
 Le Petit Journal de Chicago (d). French. June 22-July 24, 1903. 
 F 5 . 
 
 Le Journal de l'lllinois (w). French. Jan.-Aug., 1858. F«. 
 
 Moved hither from Kankakee, Sept., 1857, by A. Grandprg and Claude 
 Petit, its founders (Jan., 1857). Published during 1858. No further 
 data obtainable. 
 
 [39] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, In,, continued: 
 
 American Jouenal of Education (m). Vol. 7. 1874. F. 
 See same title, under St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 American Joubnal of Eugenics (m). Vols. 1-3. 1907-1910. 2 v. O. 
 Founded July, 1907, as successor of Lucifer, q. v. Edited and pub- 
 lished by M. Harman. Suspended 1910. 
 
 Knights of Labob (w) . 1886-89 (incomp.). F*. 
 
 FouDded 1886. Published alter Aug. by a co-operative stock company ; 
 edited by C. Detwiler. Styled Rights of Labor, in 1891 and so published 
 till 1899 or later. 
 
 Kbistelige Talsmund (w). Oct., 1898-1903. 3 v. F =. 1904-1909. 
 6 v. F. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1869 ; styled Missionaren till 1877. Conducted by Christian 
 Treider, 1876-1891 (with A. Haagensen, 1880-84) ; published by C. 
 Hansen, 1891-97 ; since then by Norwegian-Danish M. B. Conference, 
 edited by O. Hansen, 1891-97; Carl F. Eltzholtz, 1897-1905; since then 
 by H. P. Bergh. Methodist. 
 
 Labob Bulletin (d). May 24-June 2, 1905. F* 
 
 Labob Enquirer (w). Feb., 1887-Aug., 1888 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Labob Exchange Advertiser (w). 1900- Apr., 1901 (incomp.). P«. 
 
 Founded, 1896. Published by C. Tillmann, 1900-1901. No later data 
 obtainable. Labor. 
 
 American Labob Union Jotjbnal. 
 
 See same title, under Butte, Mont. 
 
 Leaves or Healing (w). New Series. Vols. 1-3. 1894-97; Vols. 8-9. 
 1900-1901; Vol. 15. 1904-1905. F. 
 
 Same. Vols. 4, 10, 14, 16. 1897-98; 1901-1902; 1903-1904; 1905- 
 
 1906 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded Aug., 1894, by John Alexander Dowie, and conducted by him 
 till his death, March 9, 1907. 
 
 Chicago Ledgeb (w). 1894-96. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1872 by Ledger Co. : managed on a co-operative basis till 
 1877; conducted by this company till 1891 ; since then by W. D. Boyce 
 & Co. Edited by Samuel H. Williams, till 1891 (with W. Scott Mc- 
 Comas, 1880). 
 
 Legal Advisee (w). Dec, 1886-Jan., 1888. F* 
 
 Founded 1861 by E. M. Haynes, and conducted by him till 1889 ; 
 Andre Matteson, 1891-93; Law Pub. Co., 1894-97; since then by Legal 
 Adviser Pub. Co. Edited by Matteson till 1900 or later. 
 
 Leif Ebiokson (w). Jan.-Feb., 1889. F«. 
 Edited by Marie A. Brown. 
 
 [40] 
 
Illinois 
 
 Levee (w). Apr-Dec, 1884-90; 1892. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1878, by J. A. Van Fleet as Lever and national Libera- 
 tor. Issued also at Detroit till 1884. Conducted by Van Fleet, with 
 Mis. Van Fleet and Mrs. Helen M. Gougar, till Jan., 1889 ; tben by 
 Lever Pub. Co. till April ; A. J. Jutkins till June ; Center Lever Co. till 
 Feb., 1892 ; Monitor Pub. Co., James Lamont, editor, 1892-98 ; Samuel 
 Dickie and John G. Woolley in 1899. No later mention in directories. 
 Temperance, tben Prohibition. 
 
 Light of Tbuth (w). July 16, 1904. 
 
 Libebatob (w). Sept., 1905 — Apr., 1906 (incomp.). P«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1905, by Liberator PHb. Group, as successor to Free 
 Society. Edited by Lucy E. Parsons. Anarchist. 
 
 National Live-Stock Journal (m). Sept., 1871 — Dec, 1872. F. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1870, by George W. Eust & Co. Edited by John P. 
 Reynolds till Feb., 1872 (with C. P. Willard in 1871) ; George W. Rust, 
 Willard, and T. C. Jones, 1872 ; J. A. Sanders, 1876-82. Published by 
 Rust & Co., till 1876; by Stock Journal Co., 1877-92. No later men- 
 tion in directories. 
 
 Living Chubch (w). Apr-Dec, 1889; 1894-Jan., 1900 (incomp.). F. 
 Founded 1878 by Right Rev. Samuel S. Harris and conducted by him 
 and Rev. John Fulton till 1879 ; by C. W. Leffingwell, 1879-1900. Moved 
 to Milwaukee (q. v.), in 1904. Published since then by Young Church- 
 man Co., and edited by Frederic C. Morehouse. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Lucifee (w). 1886-93; 1895-96 (incomp.); 1897-1907. 5 v. F. 
 
 Published by Moses Harman, till succeeded in 1908 by American Jour- 
 nal oj Eugenics, q. v. New series started Jan., 1897. 
 
 American Lumberman (w). 1899-Mar., 1906. 28 v. F*. 
 
 Combination (Jan., 1899) of northwestern Lumberman, and Timber- 
 man, q. v. 
 
 Northwestern Lumberman (w). Jan.-Aug„ 1876. Fe. Aug.-Dec, 1876; 
 1877-98. 32 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1873. Published by Judson & Dicey, 1874-75 ; Judson & 
 King. 1876 ; Lumberman Pub. Co., 1877-84 ; W. B. Judson, 1885-98. 
 Styled American Lumberman (q. v.) in 1898, and incorporated under 
 that name. Absorbed Timberman (q. v.), Jan., 1899. Edited by Will- 
 iam B. Jackson, 1874-76 (with Calvin M. Mudge, 1875) ; since 1898 by 
 J. E. Defebangh. 
 
 Machine Woodwobkeb (m; q). Jan., 1892 — Oct., 1894. Q. 
 See International Wood-Worker. 
 
 Mabble Workers' Journal (m). Aug., 1904. 
 
 Maxwell's Talisman (m). 1902-1908, scat. nos. F. 
 
 International Metal Woekee (m). 1903-05. F. 
 
 Founded 1903 by United Metal Workers' Internatl. Union of America. 
 Edited by Charles O. Sherman until Jan., 1906, when absorbed by In- 
 dustrial Worker, q. v. under Joliet. 
 
 [41 j 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, III., continued: 
 
 Mixed Stocks (w). Dec, 1904-May, 1905; Aug., 1905-Oct., 1908 (in- 
 comp.). F. 
 
 Founded 1888. Published since 1890 by Mixed Stocks Pub. Co. 
 Styled General Merchandise Review and Mixed Stocks, Nov., 1908 ; Mod- 
 ern Grocer (q. v.), Sept., 1909. 
 
 Municipal Ownership Bulletin. Mar. 30, 1905. Campaign extra. 
 
 Neues Leben (w). 1903-1905, scat, nos ; May, 1907-June, 1910. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1902 as organ of Illinois Socialists. Published since then by 
 Illinois Volksblatt Pub. Assn. Edited by Ad. Dreifuss, 1907-June, 
 1910. 
 
 New Covenant (w). May 22, 1852. 
 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. Founded 1848 by Revs. 
 William B. Manley and J. M. Day. Edited by S. P. Skinner and J. M. 
 Day, 1849-55 ; L. B. Mason, 1855-57 (with Otis A. Skinner, 1856-57) ; 
 Daniel P. and Mary A. Livermore, 1858-69 ; J. W. Hanson, 1869-84 ; 
 J. S. Cantwell, 1885-1900 ; since then by Frederick A. Bisbee. Ab- 
 sorbed Star In West, q. v., in 1880, and styled Star and Covenant, 1880- 
 84. Published by Northwestern Universalist Pub. House, Sept., 1869, 
 till sold to Universalist Pub. House in 1883 ; since published by them. 
 Styled Universalist, 1884-98 ; since then, Universalist Leader. Re- 
 moved to Boston in 1898. Universalist. 
 
 New Era (m). May, Aug., 1885. 
 
 New Occasions (m). 1893; Dec, 1893-Oct., 1894; 1897; 1898. 3 v. D. 
 Founded 1893 by Charles H. Kerr & Co., and published by them until 
 1897. Edited by B. F. Underwood, 1893-95 ; by Charles H. Kerr, 1896- 
 97. Then styled New Time; published by Kerr until Dec. 1897; then by 
 New Time Pub. Co. Edited by B. O. Flower and Frederick U. Adams, 
 July, 1897 — Nov.. 1898. Suspended soon after. 
 
 New Time. 
 
 See New Occasions. 
 
 New Unity (w). 1896-98. F. 
 See Unity. 
 
 New Voice (m). 1899-1900 (incomp.) ; 1902; 1904-1906 (incomp.). 
 F*. 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 Chicago Daily News. June-Oct., 1872. F?. 
 
 Chicago Weekly News. 1892. F«. 
 
 Founded 1866 by Melville E. Stone, Percy E. Meggy, and W. E. 
 Dougherty. Soon bought by Stone and sold by him to Victor F. Law- 
 son, July, 1876 ; Issued as evening paper till 1881 ; then Stone again 
 became partner and a morning edition was also issued. In 1888 Stone 
 sold out to Lawson, who issued evening and morning editions ; later 
 styled Chicago Record fq. v.), in 1892. Still published by Lawson. 
 
 [42] 
 
Illinois 
 
 Illustrated Chicago News (w). May 29, 1868. 
 News Letter (w). Jan. 15, July 15, 1901. 
 Noon Houe (m). Feb., 1901. 
 
 Noeden (w). Norwegian. 1880-85. 2 v. Fn. 1886-87. Fe 1888-89; 
 1890-Mar., 1892. 2 v. Fe. 1894-97; 2 y. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1874. Published by I. T. Helling & Co., 1875-80. Edited 
 by Hallward Hande till 1883; Theodore Bothne, 1883-86; Hande, 1886- 
 89 ; P. O. Strbmme, 1889-91 : S. Sorensen, 1891-92 ; Stromme, 1892-95 : 
 Richard S. N. Sartz, 1895-97 ; H. O. Oppedale, 1S97. Absorbed in 1897 
 by Amerika (Madison, Wis.), q. v. 
 
 Norwegian Newspapers (miscellaneous). 1895-96. 2 v. F»; F«. 
 
 Office Appliances (m). Mar., 1906; Mar., 1907; Jan, July-Dec, 1908; 
 1909; Jan.-Oct., 1910. 3 v. F. 
 
 Orange Jtjdd Farmer (w). Sept., 1888-July, 1889. Vols. 7-10. 1890- 
 91. 2 v. F*. 1894-95 (incomp.). 
 
 Pounded 1886 by Orange Judd. Conducted by him "till 1893; James 
 Strong Judd, 1893-95 ; since then by Orange Judd Co. Issued since 
 1895 as central edition of American Agriculturist (N. T.). 
 
 Organization. Sept., 1890. 
 
 Paint, Oil and Drug Review (w). Vols. 21, 23. 1896; 1898. Q. 
 
 Founded 1883 : issued monthly till 1886, semimonthly till 1889. Con- 
 ducted since 1887 by D. Van Ness Person and his heirs. Trade. 
 
 People's Crisis (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. Mar. 22, 1884. 
 
 People's Press (w).'Vols. 2-3. 1899-1900; Vol. 5. 1902-1903 (incomp.); 
 Vols. 6-10. Mar., 1903-Apr., 1911; 9 v. Q. May, 1911+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1898, as a "free for all forum," by J. B. Lenaw. Cir- 
 culation local for first seven months, but issued continuously to the 
 present time under the same management. 
 
 Philosophical Journal (m). 1896. Q. 
 See Religio-Fhllosophical Journal. 
 
 Piano, Organ, and Musical Instrument Workers' Official Journal (m). 
 Vol. 6. 1903. Vols. 7-9. 1904-1907. Q. 1908+ 
 
 Founded 1898 by Piano and Organ Workers' Internati. Union of 
 America. Edited since 1901 by Charles Dold. 
 
 Plate Makers' Criterion (m). Aug., Nov., 1907. 
 
 Founded 1898. 
 
 Plumbers', Gas, and Steam Fitters' Journal (m). Vols. 8-13. 1903- 
 1908. 3 v. Q. 1909 + 
 
 Founded in 1896 as organ of United Assn. of Journeymen Plumbers, 
 Gas Fitters, Steam Fitters, and Steam Fitters' Helpers. Edited by 
 L. W. Tilden, 1906-1907 ; Thomas M. Dooley, 1907-1908 ; John M. Love, 
 1908-1909 ; since then by Thomas E. Burke. 
 
 [43] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, III., continued: 
 
 Pomeroy's Democrat (w). 1876-78. Fs. 
 
 Founded in New York, Dec, 1868, by Mark M. Pomeroy. Moved to 
 Chicago in Jan., 1876. Styled Pomeroy's Illustrated Democrat in Jan., 
 1878. Published by Legal Tender Pub. Co. Supported Greenback Party. 
 
 Chicago Evening Post (d). Nov., 1903 — Sept., 1905. 8 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1890 by Evening Post Co., and published by them until 1901 
 or later. Edited by F. S. Hogan and C. A. Dingman in 1890 ; by Cor- 
 nelius McAuliff, 1805-1901. Now published by J. G. Schaffer, and edited 
 by Leigh Reilly. Democratic at first ; later Independent. 
 
 Postal Clerk (m). Vols. 1-8. 1901-1909. 3 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Dec, 1901, by United National Assn. of Postoffice Clerks ; 
 since conducted by John T. Scott. Styled Post 'Office Clerk since Dec, 
 1909. 
 
 Chicago Posten (w). Danish. 1899-1908. 5 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1 881 ; oldest Danish weekly in Illinois. Now published by C. 
 Rassmnssen Pub. Co. — H. S. Hagerup, manager. 
 
 Post Office Clerk. 
 
 See Postal Clerk. 
 
 Pbaibie Farmer (w). 1843-45. 3 v. Q. 1846-55. 10 v. O. July 
 1859-June, 1861. 5 v. Q. 1867-June, 1868. 1 v. Q. 1869-75. 
 8 v. F«. 1876-79, scat, nos.; 1878. F «. 1885-92. 9 v. F*. 
 1894-1901. 8 v. F4. 1903-1907. 5 v. F*. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1841, as Union Agriculturist and Western Prairie 
 Farmer. Organ of Illinois State Agricultural Society, and edited by the 
 secretary, John S. Wright. Published by Wright till 1857 (with Luther 
 Haven and Ambrose Wight) ; J. C. and W. H. Medill, 1858 ; Emery & 
 Co., 1859-67 ; Prairie Farmer Pub. Co., 1882-1908 ; since then, stock con- 
 trolled by Burridge D. Butler. Among editors have been J. Ambrose 
 Wight, Luther Haven, John A. Kennicott, Henry D. Emery, Charles 
 Bragdon, W. W. Corbett, Jonathan Periam, Orange Judd, J. J. Edgerton, 
 and C. P. Reynolds (since 1905). United with Emery's Journ. of Agric., 
 Oct., 1858. Styled Emery's Journ. of Agric. and Prairie Farmer till 
 Dec, 1859 ; then Prairie Farmer. 
 
 Same (w). May-Dec, 1873. 
 
 With Farmers' Union, Minneapolis, 1873. 
 
 Pbatbie Herald. 
 
 See Western Herald. 
 
 Northwestern Presbyterian (w). Jan. 5, 1866. 
 
 Daily Democratic Press. 1856-57. 3 v. F s. Jan.-June, 1858. F ?. 
 
 Founded 1852 by John L. Scripps and William Bross. Conducted by 
 them (with Barton W. Spears after 1854) till consolidated with Trib- 
 une, July, 1858, as Press and Tribune, q. v. Non-partisan till 1857 • 
 then Republican. 
 
 [44] 
 
Illinois 
 
 Weekly Democratic Pbess. Mar., 1854 — July, 1858. Fs. 
 
 Press and Tribune (d). July-Dec, 1858; Jan.-June, 1860. 2 v. Fa. 
 
 Same (w). July, 1858-Jan., 1860. F». 
 
 Consolidation (1858) of Democratic Frets (q. v.), ana Tribune (q. v.). 
 Business reorganized Jan. 1, 1859, with John L. Scripps, William Bross, 
 C. H. Kay, Joseph Medill, and Alfred Cowles as owners. Styled Tribune 
 in 1861. 
 
 Press and Type (m). Apr., 1903. 
 
 Press Bulletin (w). 1900, 4 nos. 
 
 American Pressman. 
 
 See same title, under Cincinnati, O. 
 
 Chicago Printer (m). Apr-July, 1883. 
 
 Allied Printing Trades Journal (m). May, Oct., 1903. 
 
 American Progress (m). Apr., 1900. 
 
 Proletahec (w). Slavonian. Feb., 1906+ F 6 - 
 
 Founded 1904. Published (1910) by South Slavic Workmen's Pub. Co. 
 Socialist. 
 
 Propaganda (w). Italian. Mar., 1908— Mar., 1909. F«. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1908 by Italian Socialist Club. Edited (1909) by Ed- 
 ward Gemma. No later mention In directories. 
 
 Proportional Representation Review (m). Mar., 1896. 
 
 Public (w). Vols. 1-9. Apr., 1898-1,907. 9 v. Q. 1908+ 
 
 Founded Apr., 1898 by Public Pub. Co. ; edited continuously by Louis 
 F. Post and Alice Thacher Post. From 1905 to Jan., 1908, man- 
 aged by James «. Parsons. Since then owned by Louis F. Post. De- 
 voted to "fundamental democracy." 
 
 Public Policy (w). 1901, 2 nos.; 1902, 12 nos. Vols. 8-13. 1903-05. 
 6 v. Q. 
 
 Successor (1900) of Other Side, founded 1899. Published by Public 
 Policy Pub. Co., and edited by Allen Ripley Foote till suspension Dec, 
 1905. Economic. 
 
 Public Service (m). Jan., 1907. 
 
 Founded H>06. 
 
 Radical Review (m). Vols. 1-2. 1883-Mar., 1885. 2 v. F. 
 
 Continuation (18S3) of Alliance, an unsectarian religious paper es- 
 tablished in 1873. Edited by David Swing, H. W. Thomas, Henry L. 
 Shepard and other liberal leaders until Mar., 1882, when merged with 
 Western Magazine and styled Weekly Magazine, q. v. Published 1883- 
 85 by George and Emma Schumm, as "Free thought" organ. Suspended 
 March, 1885. 
 
 [45] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, III., continued: 
 
 Western Railboad Gazette (w). May, 1868— Mar., 1870. ¥■>. 
 
 Founded 1857. Published by Stanley G. Fowler, 1861-65; A. N_ 
 Kellogg, 3866-73; S. Wright Dunning and M. N. Forney, 1873-83. 
 Styled Railroad Gazette, Apr., 1870. Published also at New York after 
 1871; moved thither in 1882. Merged (1908) with Railway Age, as; 
 Railroad Age Gazette. 
 
 Railway Conductor. 
 
 See same title, under Cedar Rapids, la. 
 
 Railway Times (s-m). 1894, 6 nos. P«. 
 
 Ram's Hoen (w). 1896-98. 3 v. F. 1899-1906 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded 1890 by Frederick L. Chapman & Co. Edited by Elijah. 
 P. Brown, 1893 ; F. L. Chapman, 1893-1901. Published by Eam's Horn 
 Co., 1906. Undenominational. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Chicago Record (d). 1895-June, 1899; Sept-Dec, 1899; 1900; Jan.- 
 Mar., 1901. 24 v. F e. 
 
 Founded 1892, by Victor F. Lawson, as morning edition of ~8ew» a q. T^ 
 In 1901 merged with Times-Herald as Chicago Record-Herald, q. v. 
 
 Chicago Record (m; s-m, Apr., 1860). Apr., 1857-Mar., 1862. 2 v. F_ 
 
 Founded Apr., 1857, by James Grant Wilson. Styled Church Record, 
 
 Apr., 1858 — Apr., 1860. Devoted to literature and art, as well as church 
 
 news. Succeeded, Apr., 1862, by Northwestern Church, q. v., edited by 
 
 Hev. Thomas Smith. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Chicago Saturday Record (w). 1893-95. 3 v. P«. 
 Successor to Chicago Weekly News. See Record. 
 
 Chicago Record-Herald (d). Mar., 1901-1910. 88 v. Fa. 1911+ 
 
 Consolidation (Mar. 1901) of Chicago Times-Herald and Chicago- 
 Record, q. v. Published by Hermann Henry Kohlsaat (editor of Times- 
 Herald since 1894) for a few months; then by Frank B. Noyes, formerly 
 of Washington Star, till Jan. 1, 1910, when Kohlsaat resumed control. 
 
 Religio-Philosophical Journal (w). 1869-90; Jan.-July, 1891. 12 v. 
 
 F«. 
 
 Founded 1865; edited by S. S. Jones, 1870-78; John C. Bundy, 1879- 
 92 ; Mary E. Bundy, 1893-94 ; B. F. Underwood, 1895. In 1896 styled 
 Philosophical Journal, and edited by Thomas E. Newman. No later men- 
 tion in directories. Spiritualist. 
 
 Chicago Republican (d. and w.) Oct., 1867-1869 (incomp.). F*. 
 Jan-Sept., 1870. 2 v. F». 
 
 Founded 1865 by a company composed of prominent Republicans, which 
 bought the plant of Morning Post. Edited by Charles A. Dana, V. B. 
 Denslow, James V. Ballantyne, Henry Smith, and John G. Nicolay. After 
 the Are, bought by John Y. Scammon, and conducted by him till Mar., 
 1872, when succeeded by Inter Ocean, q. v. 
 
 [46] 
 
Ill 
 
 mois 
 
 Revyen (w). Danish-Norwegian. Nov., 1909+ Fe. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1895, and since conducted by Christian Botker, who had 
 bought out Hal Hal. published by Volkmar Johnson. Literary, advocat- 
 ing socialism. 
 
 Ridgway's (w). Oct., 1906— Feb., 1907 (incomp.). Q. 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 Robotnik. Polish. 1903, 2 nos. 
 
 Western Rtjbai (w). May-Dec, 1875. F«. 
 
 Pounded 1863. Conducted by H. N. F. Lewis, 1870-75, with G. E. Mor- 
 row as associate editor after the absorption of his paper Western Farmer 
 (Madison, Wis.), Jan. 1, 1875. During 1876 edited by Lewis, but pub- 
 lished by Gerritt L. Hoodes. In 1877 Lewis apparently started a new 
 and short-lived paper, Lewis' Rural, and Milton George became owner 
 of Western Rural, which was conducted by him till 1894 ; then by Howard 
 and Wilson (of Farm, Field and Fireside), with C. H. Howard as editor, 
 till its suspension about 1898. 
 
 Saint Andrew's Cross (m). Vols. 7-23. 1897-1909. 17 v. O. 1910+ 
 Founded 1886 by James L. Houghteling, as organ of Bro. of St. An- 
 drew (Episc). Edited by W. R. Stirling till Feb., 1887; H. V. Donald- 
 son, 1887-88 ; C. H. Putnam, Feb., 1888-Nov. 1889. Then moved to New 
 York ; edited by Henry A. Sill till 1893 ; John W. Wood, 1893-1901 ; 
 since then by Hubert Carleton. Moved to Pittsburgh, May, 1902 ; to 
 Boston, May, 1905. See historical sketch in Sept., 1901, issue. 
 
 Saturday Blade (w). 1894-96. F «. 
 
 Founded 1887 by W. D. Boycc and conducted by him till 1901 ; since 
 then by W. D. Boyce Co. Independent. 
 
 Chicago Searchlight (w). June, 1894 — Apr., 1895. F«. 
 
 Founded 1894 by Henry Vincent, and conducted by him till 1895. No 
 later mention in directories. Styled Age and Chicago Searchlight, Apr., 
 1895. People's party. 
 
 Sentinel of Liberty (w). Vols. 15-16. 1900-1901. 2 v. Q. 
 See American Sentinel, under New York. 
 
 Chicago Single; Taxer (w). Aug. 17, 1900. 
 
 Skandinaven (w; s-w). 1870-72; 1874-76; 1878-80. 3 v. F». 1881 
 (incomp.); 1882-84. 2 v. F s. 1885-1908. 21 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Same (d). Oct., 1895-1898. 10 v. F«. Mar., 1900-1910. 33 v. 
 
 F8. 1911+ 
 
 Founded May, 1866, by Knut Langeland and John Anderson, and con- 
 ducted by them till 1873; Johnson, Anderson, and Victor Lawson, 1873- 
 75 ; Anderson and Lawson, 1876-79 ; since then by John Anderson & Co., 
 Lawson withdrawing in 1889. Edited by Peter Hendrickson, 1888-90; 
 since then chiefly by Nicolay A. Grevstad. Issued daily edition after 
 1871. Styled Skandinaven ng America in 1873. 
 
 Skandinaven og Amerika (w). 1873. Fs. 
 See Skandinaven. 
 
 [47] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, III., continued: 
 
 Sloan's Garden City (w). Sept.-Nov., 1854, 4 nos. 
 
 With People's Paper, Boston, 1854-70. Founded 1853 by Walter B. 
 and Oscar B. Sloan as a. patent medicine organ with literary proclivities. 
 Later a family literary journal. Merged in 1854 with People's Paper ot 
 Boston, which continued till 1870. Independent. 
 
 Social Crusader (m). Dec, 1898; Jan-Apr., 1900. O. 
 
 Founded 1898 by J. Stitt Wilson and Thad. S. Fritz. Conducted by 
 Wilson till 1900. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Social Democrat (w). July, 1897- July, 1898. F«. 
 
 Founded 1S94. Published by Social Democracy ot America, 1898-99. 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 Social Democratic Herald. 
 
 See same title under Milwaukee. 
 
 Social Forum (m). June— Dec, 1899; Jan.-Oct, 1900 (incomp.). D. 
 
 Founded 1899 (new series), under auspices of Natl. Christian Citizen- 
 ship League. Edited by John W. Leonard, Frederick G. Strickland, and 
 Edwin D. Wheelock till 1900. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Chicago Socialist (w). Mar., 1902-1904. Fs. 1904-Apr., 1907. F «. 
 
 Same (d). Oct., 1906-Dec, 1910. 8 v. Fe. 1911+ 
 
 Succeeded Workers' Call, Mar., 1902. Daily edition published since 
 Congressional campaign, Oct., 1906, the first Socialist daily printed in 
 English. Edited by A. W. Mance, A. S. Edwards, A. W. Simons and 
 others. Managed since 1905 by Louis Dalgaard. Maintained largely by 
 contributions of laboring classes. Weekly discontinued, Apr. 6, 1907. 
 See Three Tears of Chicago Daily Socialist. 
 
 Socialist Alliance (m). Apr-June, Nov.-Dec, 1897; July, 1898. O. 
 Founded 1896 by Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance. Edited (1897) 
 by Thomas J. Morgan. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Socialist Paett Official Bulletin (m). Sept., 1904+ P«. 
 
 Founded 1904. Issued from National Socialist headquarters, by the 
 secretary, J. Mahlon Barnes. Contains executive committee and finan- 
 cial reports, etc. 
 
 International Socialist Review (m). Vols. 1-10. July, 1900-1910. 10 v. 
 O. 1911+ 
 
 Founded July, 1900, by Charles H. Kerr & Co., and still published by 
 them. 
 
 Socialist Spirit (m). 1901-1903. 4 nos. 
 
 Socialist Woman. 
 
 See Progressive Woman,, under Girard, Kans. 
 
 Sound Monet (m). Oct., 1897; 1898, 6 nos; 1899, 8 nos.; 1900, 4 nos. 
 
 pt, 
 
 Founded 1897 ' by Natl. Sound Money League and conducted by it till 
 1900. No later mention in directories. 
 
 [48] 
 
Illinois 
 
 Spravedijjost. Slavonian. 1903. 5 nos. P«. 
 
 Standabd (w). 1867-70. F«. 1871-81. o v. V. 1882-85. 2 v. F«. 
 1886-94.. 5 v. F*. 1895-99. 6 v. F*. 1900-1910. 10 v. F. 
 Successor (1807) of Christian Times, q. v. Baptist. 
 
 Steam Shovel and Dredge Journal (m). Vols. 9-13. 1905-1909. 5 v. 
 O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1897 as organ of Steam Shovel and Dredge Workers. Edited 
 continuously by Gen. Sec.-Treas., T. J. Dolan. 
 
 American Sugar Indtxstby and Beet Sugar Gazette (s-m; m). Vols. 
 
 7-11. Dec, 1904-09. 5 v. Q. 1910+ 
 
 Pounded Mar., 1899, by Joseph H. Schwerzen and conducted by him till 
 his death, Jan., 1900 ; since then by Frank Roderus (for the Beet Sugar 
 Gazette Co.). Styled Beet Sugar Gazette till June, 1904. 
 
 Svenska Amerikanaren (w). Oct., 1898- June, 1908. 6 v. ' F«. July, 
 1908+ 
 
 Founded 1876 by Nils Anderson, and conducted by him till 1884 : since 
 then by Swedish American Ptg. Co. Edited by Herman Eoos, 1876-80 ; 
 Magnus Elmnlad, 1880-84; C. F. Peterson, 1884-88; Jacob Bonggren, 
 1888-97; V. A. Lindstrand, 1897-1908; since then by Oliver A. Under. 
 Independent Republican. 
 
 Svenska Kuriren (w). Apr.-Aug., 1896; Oct., 1898-Jan., 1899. F*. 
 With Sonderjydsk Tidende. Founded 1884. In 1888 published by F. W. 
 Ankarfelt & Co. ; edited by Gustav Wicklund and Ninian Warner ; since 
 J 889 published by Alexander J. Johnson. Independent : now Republican. 
 
 Svenska Nyheter Humoristen (w). Oct., 1901-Oct, 1902. F«. 
 Continuation of HumorUten, q. v. 
 
 Switchmen's Journal (m). Oct., Dec, 1887; Nov., 1889; Not., 1893. 
 O. 
 
 Founded 1886. 
 
 Sword of Truth (m) . Apr., May, 1902. 
 Founded 1902. 
 
 System (d). Vol. 1, Nos. 1-6. Mar. 16-22, 1905. F«. 
 
 Chicago Telegraph (d). July 8, 1876. 
 
 S6nderjydsk Tidende (w). Oct, 1895-Aug., 1896. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1S>95 by Norden Publ. Co. Edited by John Heinse till Mar., 
 1896 ; then by Jon Olafson. Short lived. 
 
 Timberman (w). 1898. 2 V. F*. 
 
 Founded 1885. Published after 1888 by Timberman Pub. Co. ; edited 
 by J. E. Defebaugh. Merged (18991 in American Lumberman, q. v. 
 
 4-N. C. [ 49 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, Iix., continued: 
 
 Chicago Times (d). 1861; 1864; 1868, scat, nos.; 1870-80. 39 v. F«. 
 1881-Apr., 1888. 36 v. W. May, 1888-Feb., 1895. 41 v. F». 
 
 Founded Aug., 1854, by Isaac Cook, J. W. Sheahan, and Daniel Cam- 
 eron. Sold in 1860 to Cyrus H. McCormiek, and merged with Herald as 
 Times and Herald for a few months. Edited at this time by E. W. Mc- 
 Comas, a Southern Democrat. Styled Daily Chicago Times for a time 
 till June, 1861, when bought by W. F. Storey, formerly of Detroit Free 
 Press; edited by him till 1878, and owned by him till his death in 1884. 
 Published by a receiver, 1884-87 ; then by James J. West (for Chicago 
 Times Co.). Bought by Carter Harrison in 1891 ; edited by Carter Har- 
 rison Jr., and Preston Harrison till 1895. Consolidated, Mar., 1895, 
 with Chicago Herald, as Times-Heraia, q. v. At first Douglas Democrat; 
 later "Copperhead," being ordered suppressed by Gen. Burnside (1863) : 
 Independent, 1868-76 ; then Democratic. 
 
 Chicago Times-Hebald (d). Nov., 1895-1901. 43 v. F« 
 
 Consolidation of Times and Herald, effected in 1895, by H. H. Kohl- 
 saat; edited by Cornelius McAuliff. Claimed to be first newspaper in 
 United States to make practical use of teleautograph to reproduce por- 
 traits and autographs in facsimile, June 21, 1895. Merged, Mar., 1901, 
 with Chicago Kecord and styled Chicago Record-Herald, q. v. Republi- 
 can. 
 
 To-moeeow Magazine (m). Vols. 1-2. 1905-May, 1906. 3 v. 1907- 
 May, 1908. O. 
 
 Founded 1905. Published by To-morrow Pub. Co. Edited by Oscar L. 
 Triggs, 1905 ; since then by P. H. Sercombe. "Advance thought." 
 
 Chicago Daily Tribune. May-Dec, 1857; 1860- Apr., 1870. 20 v. Fa-*. 
 June, 1870-1871 (incomp.); Sept., 1872-1910. 236 v. F«. 1911+ 
 Founded 1847, by J. K. C. Forrest, J. J. Kelly, and J. E. Wheeler. 
 Conducted by Wheeler, Thomas A. Stewart, and John L. Scripps, 1848- 
 51 ; T. J. Waite and William D. Wilson, 1852-53 ; Henry Fowler, J. D. 
 Webster, Timothy Wright, Joseph Medill, and others, 185.1-55. From 
 that time till his death in 1899, Medill retained active interest, being 
 editor after 1874. Other influential editors have been Dr. C. H. Ray, 
 1855-66; Horace White, 1866-74; K. W. Patterson, 1899-1910; since 
 then, Medill McCormiek. Absorbed Qem of Prairie, 1847 ; Democratic 
 Press (q. v.), 1858. Influential in nomination of Lincoln, 1860; since 
 then Republican, with independent leanings. During White's editorship, 
 supported Greeley. 
 
 Illustreret Ugeblad (w). Norwegian. Vol. 1. Apr-Dec, 1881. F«. 
 Vols. 2-3. 1882-83. 2 v. Fs. Vols. 6-7. Jan., 1886-Feb., 1887. 
 F*. 
 
 Founded 1881 by C. Rasmussen and conducted by him till 1887 ; Nor- 
 wegian Lutheran Pub. Co., 1887-89 ; since then by Rasmussen. Removed 
 to Minneapolis, Minn., 1888. Styled Vgeoladet since about 1890. 
 
 Union Agriculturist and "Western Prairie Farmer (m). Vols. 1-2. 
 1841-42. F o. 
 See Prairie Farmer. 
 
 [50] 
 
Ill 
 
 mois 
 
 Union Labor Advocate (w). Vols. 4-5. 1903-Aug., 1905. 2 v. Q. 
 
 1906 + 
 
 Pounded 1901 by Theopnile Laramie as organ of Illinois Federation o£ 
 Labor, and published by bim till 1905 or later; since 1909 by George 
 Hodge (latterly with A. Allen). 
 
 Union Labob Bulletin (w). Apr. 18, 1899; 1902, 5 nos. O. 
 
 Union Leadeb (w). July-Dec, 1907; 1908-1909. 2 v. F. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Sept., 1902, by George H. Shoaf and William D. Meek, and 
 conducted by tbem till 1904 ; then by Meek for a short time. Bought 
 Feb., 1905, by Amal. Assn. of Street and Electric Railway Employes ot 
 America, and since conducted by them ; edited by L. D. Bland. 
 
 Union Postal Clerk (m). 1903; 1904-1905, scat, nos.; 1906, 9 nos.; 
 
 1907, 6 nos; Vols. 4-5. 1908-1909. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Apr., 1903, by Chicago Post Office Clerks' Union, and con- 
 ducted by them till June, 1904 (edited by Charles Dvorak at first, then 
 by a Natl. Organization committee). Published by George A. Donnelly, 
 June, 1904-Not., 1906 ; Natl. Fed. of Postal Clerks, Nov., 1906-Oct., 
 1909 ; since then by Union Postal Clerks' Pub. Co. Edited by Donnelly 
 since June, 1904. 
 
 Union Signal (w). 1883-88. 6 v. P. 1889-93. 5 v. F*. 1894 (in- 
 comp.). 1895-96. F*. 1897-1901 (incomp.). 
 
 Consolidation (1883) of Union (est. 1874) and Signal (est. 1880). 
 Edited by Mary B. Willard, 1880-88 ; Mary Allen West, 1888-92 ; Frances 
 Willard and Mrs. West. 1892-98 ; since then by Mrs. Lillian M. Stevens. 
 Organ of Natl. W. C. T. U. Now published at Evanston. Temperance. 
 
 Union Workman (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct., 1895-Feb., 1896; Apr., 
 May, 1896, 3 nos. Fs-P. 
 
 Founded 1895 by Union Workman Pub. Soc. and conducted by them 
 until 1898. No later mention in directories. 
 
 United States Medical InvestigatoT (s-m; w, 1883-84; m, 1885). Vols. 
 1-21. 1875-85. Indexed. 21 v. O. 
 
 Combination (1875) of Medical Investigator and V. S. Medical and 
 Surgical Journal. Edited by T. C. Duncan, 1875-89 ; W. E. Reed, 1889- 
 90 ; Charles Horace Evans, 1891-93. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Unity (w). Vols., 7-22. 1880-89. Indexed. 6 v. Q. Vols. 23-30. 
 Mar.. 1889— May, 1893. Indexed. 4 v. F 5. Vols. 31-33. May, 
 1893— May, 1894. Indexed. F.. Vols, 38 J 64. 1896-1909. F. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1878, as Pamphlet Mission; styled Unity in Sept. Con- 
 ducted by Jenkin Lloyd Jones, with many prominent liberal thinkers as 
 associate editors. At first Unitarian (organ of Western Unitarian Con- 
 ference), now liberal independent. Organ of World's Congress of Re- 
 ligion, 1893. Styled New Unity, 1896-98. 
 
 University (w). Sept., 1885-Feb., 1886. Q. 
 
 Founded 1877. Edited in 1886 by Charles Douglass and Charles H. 
 Kerr. Apparently soon after absorbed by Unity. 
 
 [51] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chicago, III., continued: 
 
 Vanguard (w). June, 1892-May, 1893. F. 
 
 Founded 1892 by Lester C. Hubbard and Alzina P. Stevens, and con- 
 ducted by them till 1893. No later mention in directories. Social Re- 
 form. 
 
 Voice of the Fair (d). Apr. 27— June 24, 1865. F«. 
 
 With Home Fair Journal, Milwaukee, Wis., q. v. Issued during North- 
 western Sanitary Fair. Edited by Andrew Shuman of Evening Journal. 
 Contributions by James Eussell Lowell, Bayard Taylor, Henry Ward 
 Beecher, Artemus Ward, etc. 
 
 Voice of Labor (m). Vol. 3. Jan.-June, 1905. Q. 
 
 Consolidation (Jan., 1905) of American Labor Union Journal, and Ron- 
 way Employes' Journal. Published (l'.K>5) by American Labor Union. 
 No later data obtainable. 
 
 Illinoiser Volkszeitung (w). 1893, 5 nos. P'. 
 
 Voebote (w). Nov., 1874— Aug., 1876; Apr-June, 1888; June, 1889- 
 1890; 1903-1908. 4 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1874, as weekly Socialist organ, followed in 1876 by a 
 tri-weekly edition styled Chicagoer Aroeiter-Zeitung, q. v. ; after 1879 
 both published by Socialistic Pub. Soc. — the latter as a daily till Incor- 
 porated in 1892 as Chicago Arbeiter-Zeitung Pub. Co. Among the editors 
 were August Spies and Michael Schwab. 
 
 Weekly Magazine. Sept., 1882 — Mar., 1885. 3 v. F *. 
 
 Successor (1882) of Western Magazine, a monthly literary journal 
 established in 1877. Issued weekly after May, 1S8S. Edited by David 
 Swing, Gail Hamilton, Helen E. Starrett, Edith Thomas, Celia P. Woo- 
 ley, and others, till May. 1883 ; then by William A. and Helen Ekin Star- 
 rett till March, 1885. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Wells Commercial Express and Western Product Reporter (w) . 1858- 
 60. 2 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1857 by P. L. and J. H. Wells. The former retired from the 
 publication Sept., 1858. Conducted by Wells & Vittum, 1866-68, then 
 by Wells alone till 1872. Issued daily edition, styled Mornin/j Bulletin, 
 1857-59 ; and another, Chicago Commercial Express, after 1861. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Wochenblatt (m). Mar., 1902. 
 
 International Wood-Worker (m). Vols. 6-12. 1892-96; 1897-99; 1900- 
 03. 2 Vols. Q. Vols. 13-17. 1903-1907. 4 v. O. Jan.-Apr., 
 1908. 
 
 Founded 1890 as organ of Machine Wood Workers Internatl. Union of 
 America. Styled Machine Woodworker till May 15, 1895 ; American 
 Woodworker, May-Nov., 1895. Edited by Thomas I. Kidd till Jan., 1906; 
 since then by John G. Meiler. 
 
 Workers' Call (w). March, 1899-March, 1902. F«. 
 
 Founded 1899 by Arthur Simons, as Socialistic labor organ. Contin- 
 ued after Mar., 1902, as Chicago Socialist, q. v. 
 
 [52] 
 
Ill 
 
 mois 
 
 Wobking Democeact (w). July, 1901-Jan., 1902. Q. 
 
 Founded 1900 by Democratic Natl. Committee, and published by it till 
 suspension, Jan., 1902. 
 
 Wobkingman's Advocate (w). Feb. 12, 1876. 
 Dated also at Detroit and Cincinnati. 
 
 Bulletin of Wobkingmen's Legal Security Co. (m). Jan., 1903. 
 
 Chicago World (w). 1894-95. F«. 
 
 Founded 1891 by Byron D. Adsit, and published by Mm till 1897. No 
 later mention In directories. Independent. 
 
 World's Columbian Exposition, Illustrated (m). Vols. 1-3. Feb. 
 1891— Feb., 1894. 3 v. F*. 
 
 Wobld To-Day (m). Vols. 1-19. 1901-1910. 19 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Publisbed by Current Encyclopedia Co. till Oct., 1903 ; since then by 
 World To-Day Co. Edited by Charles H. Dennis till 190. r >. Vols. 1-2 
 styled Current Encyclopedia. 
 
 Chillicothe 
 
 Mystic Wobkeb. 
 
 See same title, under Fulton. 
 
 Danville 
 
 Christian Socialist. 
 
 See same title, under Chicago. 
 
 Fbee Citizen (w). Dec. 11, 1902; May 26, 1905. 
 
 Labob Bulletin (w). Mar., 1886 — Oct., 1887 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1885 by John Lindsay & Co., and published by them till 1899. 
 No later mention in directories. Styled Bulletin after 1890. 
 
 Decatur 
 
 Decatur Labor World (w). May, 1907+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1900. Published a few months by Labor World Pub. Co. ; by 
 Eugene Linxweller (editor from the start) and Charles R. Bennett till 
 1907 ; by LIr.xweiler, 1907-Jnne, 1909. Then suspended for six weeks. 
 Revived by Thomas I. Hughes, and since conducted by him. 
 
 Satubday Bulletin (w). Apr. 19, 1890; Oct. 17, 1891. 
 
 East St. Louis 
 East St. Louis Labob (w). Sept. 28, 1895. 
 
 Elgin 
 
 Fox River Courier (w). July 7, 1852 (imperfect). 
 
 With Western Local Papers, 1851-60. Founded 1851. Short-lived. 
 Whig. 
 
 [53] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Elgin, III., continued: 
 
 Illinois Palladium (w). May 31, 1855. 
 
 Founded 1853. Conducted by Hough, 1853-54 (with J. H. Rowe, 
 
 1854) ; by Rowe & Joslyn, 185G. Sold to Lyman & Smith, 1856 ; styled 
 Kane County Journal, but soon suspended. 
 
 Our Republic (m). May, 1897. 
 Founded 1897. 
 
 Social Ideals (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Jan., 1901. 
 
 Freeport 
 
 Prairie Democbat. May 6, 1852; May 5, 1853. 
 
 Founded 1S47 by Stephen D. Carpenter, and conducted by him till 
 x 1850 ; J. O. 1". Burnslde, 1850-52 ; George Ordway, 1852-53. Since then 
 styled Bulletin; issued daily since 1S77. Published by Burnside in 1853; 
 Brag, Brawley & Bagg for a time; J. R. Scroggs, 1861-69 (with W. T. 
 Giles, 1861-64) ; Giles, 1869-73 ; John W. Potter. 1873-85 (with C. C. 
 Shuler,' 1874) ; O. T. Potter, 1885-94 ; since then by P. O. Stiver and 
 H. P. Poftenberger (with H. F. Rocky, 1894-1900). 
 
 Fulton 
 
 Mystic Wobkee (m). Mar., 1900-1901. F«-4. 1903+ 
 
 Founded 1895. Organ of Mystic Workers of the World: Conducted in 
 1900 by Edmund Jackson (with G. W. Clendenen, then with C. E. Han- 
 sen). After June, 1900, edited by J. R. Adams till Dec, 1907; Thomas 
 W. Purcell. Dec, 1907-1908 ; then by Adams, for a time ; since 1910 by 
 Robert Toole. Published successively at Fulton, Chillicothe, Mount Mor- 
 ris, Belvidere, Hampton (Iowa), Pianos, Polo, and Mt. Morris. 
 
 Galena 
 
 Galena Democbat (tri-w). Sept. 12, 1840. 
 See Miners' Journal. 
 
 Galenian (w). 1834-36, 46 nos. Fs. 
 
 With 2i. W. Gazette and Galena Advertiser. See Miners' Journal. 
 
 Northwestern Gazette and Galena Advertiser (w). Nov., 1834-Aug., 
 1848. 4 v. F o. 
 
 Oldest paper now published in Galena ; established Nov., 1834, by C. E. 
 Loring and Sylvester Bartlett. (Plant owned by Dickinson B. More- 
 house and others). Loring soon withdrew, and Benjamin Mills was edi- 
 tor, 1S34-35. Published by Bartlett and H. H. Hougbton for a time ; 
 Houghton alone, 1838-43 ; W. C. E. Thomas, 1843-45. After 1847 con-, 
 ducted largely by Houghton till 1863, J. B. Brown, 1863-1896 ; since then 
 by Galena Gazette Co. ; edited by A. W. Glessner. Since 1863, styled 
 Galena Gazette. 
 
 [54] 
 
Illinois 
 
 Semi-Weekly Galena Jeffersonian. Oct., 1845-Jan., 1847. Fe. 
 
 Established by Horace A. Tenney, of Elyria, O. Conducted by Charles 
 Sweney, J 847-52 ; Randall, Sanford & Co., 1852; Ray (afterwards editor 
 
 of Vhioago Tribune) & Sanford, 1852-53 ; Ray & Scott, 1853-54 ; 
 
 Scott, 1854 ; then by L. T. Leal and Charles Crouch. Suspended 1855. 
 
 Miners' Journal (w). Sept., 1829-Dec, 1830. Fe. 
 
 First paper in Mississippi lead region; founded by James Jones, 1826, 
 "subscriptions payable in smelter's acceptances, lead, or cash." In 182!) 
 Thomas Ford (later governor of 111.) was associate editor. In 1832 
 bought by Dr. Addison Philleo, and styled Galenian, q. v. After 1836 
 styled Democrat; edited by Philleo and George W. Palmer. 
 
 Galesburg 
 
 Augustana (m). Swedish. 1874-78. 5 y. O. 
 
 Founded 1S56 by Swedish Lutheran Pub. Co. Moved to Chicago, 1858. 
 and published by Swedish Lutheran Press Assn. till 1873 or later; since 
 1886 by Augustana Book Concern at Rockford. Edited by Rev. T. N. 
 Hasselquist, 1856-89 ; Rev. E. Norelius, 1880 ; Revs. S. P. A. Lindahl and 
 A. Rodell, 1891-98; Lindahl and J. C. Bengston, 1900-1907; since then 
 by Revs. L. G. Abrahamson and M. J. England. Apparently styled 
 Augustana och MisHonaren until 1885. 
 
 Broom Maker (m). 1903-04 (incomp.). Q. 
 
 Founded 1898, organ of International Broom and Whisk Makers' Union. 
 Edited by Oliver A. Brower, Nov.. 1903-Dec, 1904. 
 
 Galesburg Labor News (w). 1903-1908. 2 v. 1909+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1895 by H. C. Smalley and conducted by him till his death, 
 Oct., 1903 ; S. W. Smalley till Sept., 1904 ; J. L. Wilcox, Sept., 1904 — 
 Mar. 1905 ; since then by Labor News Co. Edited by Edward A. Tate, 
 Apr., 1905— Dec, 1910 ; since then by George Palmer. 
 
 Railroad Trainmen's Journal (m). Vols. 10-26. 1893-1909. 16 v. 
 
 O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1883 as organ of Bro. of Railroad Trainmen. Edited since 
 1893 by D. L. Cease. Styled Railroad Trainman since 1908. Published 
 later at Peoria ; now at Cleveland, O. 
 
 Galva 
 
 Delta Delta Delta Trident (q). Vol. 2. 1893, 1 no.; Vol. 7. 1897-98; 
 Vol. 8. 1898-99, 3 nos.; Vols. 9-10. 1899-1901; Vol. 11, 1901- 
 1902, 3 nos.; Vols. 12-13. 1902-1904; Vols. 14-17, 1904-1908, 
 scat. nos. O. 
 
 Formerly published at Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Joliet 
 
 Industrial Worker (m). Jan.-Sept., 1906; Jan.- June, 1907. F. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1906, by Industrial Workers of World, absorbing Voice 
 of Labor and International Metal Worker. Edited by A. S. Edwards, 
 until Oct., 1906, when quarrels in the organization led to suspension un- 
 der court injunction Resumed publication, Jan., 1907 ; edited by Will- 
 
 [55] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Joliet, III., continued: 
 
 iam J. F. Hannemann till June. No later data obtainable. Part of the 
 organization began a new weekly paper, Jan., 1907, styled Industrial 
 Union Bulletin, q. v. Each claimed to be the official organ. 
 
 Kankakee City 
 
 Le Journal de l'lllinois (w). French. Aug., 1858. 
 See same title, under Chicago. 
 
 Maywood 
 
 Brotherhood (m). Feb., 1900. 
 
 Moline 
 
 Blacksmiths' Journal 
 
 See same title, under Chicago. 
 
 Missionaken (m). Vols. 1-3. 1876-78 (incomp.). 3 v. 0. 
 Merged in Augustana, Rock Island, q. v. 
 
 Mount Morris 
 
 Bank Man (m). Sept., 1906. 
 
 Mystic Worker. 
 
 See same title, under Fulton. 
 
 Nanvoo 
 
 Colonie Icarienne (w). July-Dec, 1854. Fb. 
 
 Organ of Cabet's colony, "Icaria." Issued as early as 1845. 
 
 Ottawa 
 
 Ottawa Statesman (w). Nov. 9, 1869. 
 
 Peoria 
 
 Industrial Peorian (w). Oct. 30, 1903. 
 
 Railroad Telegrapher (m). Vols. 20-26. 1903-1909. 6 v. Q. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1885. Published by Telegrapher Pub. Co. and edited by 
 
 J. R. T. Austin in 1896. Since then published by Order of Railroad 
 
 Telegraphers; edited by H. B. Perham, 1897-1901 or later; since 1903 by 
 
 L. W. Quick. 
 
 Railroad Trainmen's Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Ualesburg. 
 
 [56] 
 
Illinois 
 
 Peoria Socialist (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. Apr. 2, 1903; May-Dec, 1907. 
 Fe. 
 
 Founded 1903. Moved to Indianapolis, Ind., Nov., 1907, and styled 
 Indiana Socialist. 
 
 Piano 
 
 Mystic Worker. 
 
 See same title, under Fulton. 
 
 Polo 
 
 Mystic Worker. 
 
 See same title, under Fulton. 
 
 Pontiac 
 
 Pioneer (w). June, 1900-Jan., 1901. Fs. 
 Published by State Reformatory. 
 
 Quincy 
 
 Quincy Labor (w). Aug. 24, 1895. 
 
 Quincy Labor News (w). 1903-Sept, 1910. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1894 by Richard Dallam and Jacob A. Smith, and conducted 
 by them till 1899; by W. H. Hoffman, 1899— Sept., 1910. 
 
 Whig and Republican (d). Nov. 7, 1863; Sept. 5, 1864. 
 
 Bockford 
 
 Rockford Republican (w). Mar. 19, 1856. 
 
 Svenska Socialisten (s^m). Swedish. Nov., 1905-Mar., 1907. F*-". 
 
 Founded 1905. Now published by Swedish Branch of Socialist Party 
 of Rockford ; edited by John A. Hallden. 
 
 Rock Island 
 
 AUGUSTANA. 
 
 See same title, under Galesburg. 
 
 Augustana och Missionaren (m). Vols. 24-26. 1879-81. 3 v. O. 
 See Augustana, under Galesburg. 
 
 Rock Islandek (w). Oct. 29, 1887. 
 
 St. Charles 
 
 Pbaibie Messenger (w). July 16, 1846. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841-49. Suspended, 1847. 
 
 [57] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Illinois, continued: 
 
 Savanna 
 
 Savanna Register (w). Oct. 11, 1853. 
 
 Published (1853) by Charles Allen, and edited by Smith D. Atkins. 
 Soon sold to — Grattan, and plant removed elsewhere. 
 
 Shelbyville 
 
 Our Best Words (s-m). Sept., 1889-Sept, 1890. F*. 
 
 Pounded 1879 as Church and Home, by Jasper L. Douthit and con- 
 ducted by him till 1892. Sold in 1892 to J. S. Barnum, and conducted 
 by him and F. K. Pennington as People's Paper (Populist) till 1894. In 
 the same year Douthit bought back the name Our Beat Words and has 
 since published it as monthly. Unitarian and Prohibition. 
 
 Springfield 
 
 Electrical Wobkeb (m). Dec, 1901; Sept., 1903; 1905, 6 nos.; 1906, 
 7 nos. Vols. 7-10. Nov., 1906-Aug., 1910. 3 v. Q. Sept. 1910+ 
 Founded 1891 as organ of Internatl. Bro. of Electrical Workers. Edited 
 by J. T. Kelly, 1891-96; H. W. Sherman, 1896 — Oct., 1905; since then 
 by P. W. Collins. Formerly published at Rochester, N. Y., and Wash- 
 ington, D. C. 
 
 Illinois Journal (w). May 4, 1853 (imp.). 
 
 Illinois State Journal (w). May, 1857 — Mar., 1863. 2 v. P'. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1831, as Sangamon Journal. Issued daily and weekly 
 since June 13, 184S. Published by Simeon and Josiah Francis (with 
 others of the family) till 1855; W. H. Bailhache and Edward L. Baker, 
 1855-62 ; Baker and David L. Phillips, 1862-66 ; Baker and Bailhache, 
 1866-67 ; Baker, Phillips, and others, 1873-78 ; Selby, Simmons & Chapin, 
 1878-85; Tracy, Stratton & Phillips (A. F.), 1885-86; Paul Selby and 
 M. S. Kimball, 1886-89 ; Clarence K. Paul, H. F. Dorwin and L. H. 
 Miner, since 1889. Edited by Paul Selby, July, 1862-66, and 1874- 
 89; Clarence Paul, 1889— May, 1908; since then by Lewis H. Miner. 
 Styled Sangamon Journal, Jan. 12, 1832; Illinois Journal, Sept., 1847; 
 since Aug., 1855, the present name. 
 
 Old Hickory. Aug. 31, 1840. 
 
 Olive Branch. 
 
 See same title, under Kirtland, O. 
 
 State Register (tr.i-w). Aug. 19, 21, 1847. 
 
 Laborer (w). Dec. 12, 1889. 
 
 Streator 
 
 [58] 
 
Indian Territory — Indiana 
 
 Vandalia 
 
 Illinois Intelligences (w). 1821-22, 4 nos. 
 
 With Southern and western Local Neiospapers, 1821-28. First news- 
 paper in Illinois; founded 1809, by Matthew Duncan, of Kentucky; pub- 
 lished at Kaskaskia till 1820, then removed to Vandalia. Styled III. 
 Herald till 1817, and Vandalia Whig and III. Intelligencer, commencing 
 1832; suspended, 1839. 
 
 Indian Territory 
 
 Tahlequah 
 
 Cheeokee Advocate (w). English and Cherokee. 1871-85, 3 nos. 
 
 With Uussian, Japanese, and other Newspapers, 1870-93. Founded 
 1870. Published by Cherokee Nation. Conducted by W. P. Boudinot, 
 1870-77 (except by J. U Adair, 1874) ; George W. Johnson, 1879; E. C. 
 Boudinot Jr., 1S80-81 ; D. H. Ross, 1882-85 ; E. C. Boudinot, 1886-87 ; 
 W. P. Boudinot, 1888-90 ; Robert F. Wyly, 1891 ; H. H. Adair, 1892-94 ; 
 George O. Butler, 1895 ; Waddie Hudson, 1896-1901. No later data ob- 
 tainable. 
 
 Tullahassee 
 
 Oue Monthly. English and Creek. July, 1875. 
 
 With lapi uaye, 1871-84. Published 1873-76, by missionaries to 
 Indians. 
 
 Ruby City 
 
 Owyhee Avalanche (w). Aug., 1865-Aug., 1866. F«. 
 See same title, under Silver City, Idaho. 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Anderson 
 
 Gas Belt Laboe News (w). Dec. 5, 1902. 
 
 Centreville 
 
 Indiana True Republican (w). Mar. 31, 1864. 
 
 Edwardsville 
 
 Leclaire News. Vol. 1, No. 1. Sept., 1896. 
 
 [59] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Indiana, continued: 
 
 Evansville 
 
 Coming Events (w). Dec. 7, 1895. 
 Evansville Enquires (w). Apr. 27, 1850. 
 Evansville Daily Jottbnal. 1865. 2 v. F?. 
 
 Fort Wayne 
 
 Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineebs Journal. 
 See same title, under Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Latjbel Weeath (w). June 22, July 27, 1852. 
 
 Greensburg 
 
 Coming Nation (w). Oct., 1893-July, 1901; Mar., 1902-Dec, 1903. 3 v. 
 
 Same. New Series. 1910-11, scattering nos. 
 
 Founded 1S93 by J. A. Wayland, In the interests of a co-operative 
 community organized In 1894 at Ruskin, Tenn. Published at Greensburg, 
 Ind., Oct., 1893-July, 1894 ; Tennessee City, Tenn., July, 1894-.Tuly, 1890 ; 
 Ruskin, Tenn., July, 1896-Sept.. 1899; Duke, Ga. (re-named Ruskin), 
 Sept., 1899-July. 1901 ; Rich Hill, Mo., March, 1902-Dec, 1903. Pub- 
 lished by Coming Nation Pub. Co. till July, 1895, and edited by Wayland ; 
 then by the Ruskin Co-op. Assn. until Sept., 1899, when placed in hands of 
 a receiver. Bought by Ruskin Commonwealth, and published by it for a 
 time; by Fred D. Warren and E. N. Richardson, Mar., 1902-Dec, 1903, 
 when merged with Appeal to Reason, Girard, Kans., q. v. In 1910 re- 
 vived, as a new series ; edited by same staff as Appeal to Reason. 
 
 Indianapolis 
 
 Bricklayer and Mason. 
 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 Bbidgemen's Magazine (m). 1902-1905 (incomp.). Vols. 5-9. 1905- 
 
 1909. 5 v. Q. 1910+ 
 
 Founded at Pittsburgh July, 1901, by J. L.. Kelly. In Jan., 1903, be- 
 came organ of Internatl. Assn. of Bridge and Structural Iron Workers of 
 United States and Canada. Published in New York, Jan., 1903-Dec, 
 1904 : Cleveland, O., Jan., 1905-Jan., 1906 ; since then at Indianapolis. 
 Edited by J. W. Johnston, 1903-04; since then by J. J. McNamara. 
 
 Deutsch-Amerikanische Buchdetjckee Zettung. 
 See same title, under Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Carpenter. 
 
 See sanle title, under Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Clay Wobkeb (m). Apr., 1904. F. 
 
 Cbisis (w). Vol. 1. Apr .-May, 1885. F». 
 
 [60] 
 
Ind 
 
 lana 
 
 Equity Farm Journal (w). Vols. 1-3. Nov., 1907-1910. 3 v. F. 
 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1908 by American Soe. of Equity, and since published by it. 
 Styled Co-operators' Guide, early in 1911 ; since Apr., 1911, Co-operative 
 Farmer. Moved to Chicago, Apr., 1911. 
 
 American Farmer, Live Stock & Poultry Raiser (m). 1904+ (quite 
 
 incomp.). F. 
 
 Founded 1HS4. Published since 1898 by American Farmer Co. Edited 
 by Joseph H. Brigham, 1901. 
 
 Industrial Independent (w). 1904-1905, 6 nos. F. 
 
 Iron Clad Age (w). Dec. 31, 1892. 
 
 Indianapolis Daily Journal. 1864-66, 4 nos. 1882-Mar., 1887. 12 v. 
 Fe. Apr., 1887-Oct, 1900. 42 v. (Sunday editions generally 
 lacking; 1882-83 quite incomplete). F». 
 
 Weekly edition founded 1818 ; daily, 1823. Published by Douglass & 
 Conner, 1870; Indianapolis Journal Co., 1871-75; E. B. Martindale, 1876- 
 81 ; John C. New & Son, 1882-86 ; Indianapolis Journal Newspaper Co. 
 (John C. & Harry S. New), 1887-190(5. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Indiana State Journal (w). 1896-1899. 2 v. F«. 
 Weekly edition of Journal, q. v. 
 
 Journeyman Barber (m). June, 1908+ O. 
 
 Founded 1905. Published by Jacob Fischer, June, 1908-Oct., 1909 ; 
 since then by William E. Klapetsky. 
 
 Labor News (w). Aug. 31, 1895;, Feb. 8, 1896. 
 
 Labor Signal (w). Sept. 1, 1893. 
 
 Locomotive Firemen's and Enginemen's Magazine. 
 See same title, under Dayton, O. 
 
 Indianapolis News (d). Nov., 1905- June, 1906. 4 v. Fa. 
 
 Founded 1869 by John R. Halliday and conducted by him till 1892 ; by 
 W. J. Richards and Charles D. Williams, 1893-1900; edited by Charles 
 R. Williams, and published by Smith & Williams, 1901-Apr., 1911. Since 
 then, owned by Delavan Smith. Independent 
 
 American Nonconfobmist. 
 
 See same title, under Wlnfleld, Kans. 
 
 Our Organette (w). Oct., 1882-Aug., 1883. F«. 
 
 Founded 1882 by Sam I.. Lefflngwell, and conducted by him till 1884. 
 Labor. No later mention In directories. 
 
 Patriot Phalanx (w). Vols. 10-11. Feb., 1895-Feb., 1896. 
 
 Bound with Morristown, Tenn., Christian Patriot, q. v. Founded 1885 
 by Indiana Phalanx Co. Edited by J. G. L. Myers, 1886-88 ; J. A. Pol- 
 lock, 1889-90 ; William F. Clark Sr., William F. Clark Jr., 1891-95 ; 
 W. F. Clark. 1896-1900; since then by W. F. & E. W. Clark. Prohibi- 
 tion. 
 
 [61 j 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Indianapolis, Ind., continued: 
 
 Indiana Socialist (w). Nov.-Dec, 1907. P s . 
 Continuation of Peoria Socialist, q. v. 
 
 Magazine of International Brotherhood of Teamsters. 
 See Teamsters. 
 
 Teamsters (m). Vols. 1-6. 1903-1906. 3 v. Q. 1907+ 
 
 Founded Not., 1903. Edited by James J. Dwyer till Sept., 1904 j 
 Cornelius P. Shea, Sept., 1904-Nov., 1907 ; since then by Daniel G. Tobin. 
 Styled Teamsters since 1906. 
 
 Typographical Journal (s-m; m). Vols. 1-7. 1889-95. 3 v. P. 
 
 Vols. 8-34. 1896-1909. 27 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1889. Published by W. S. McClevey till 1894; A. J. Wines, 
 1895-Nov.. 1S96; J. W. Bramwood, Nov., 1896-Mar., 1909; since then 
 by J. W. Hays. Organ o£ Intematl. Typ. Union. 
 
 Union (w). 1903-1904. P«. 1905+ 
 
 Founded 1888 by Edwin F. Gould, and conducted by him till 1905 or 
 later (with J. H. Springer part of the time ; with E. F. Barry, 1903-Mar., 
 1904) ; since then by Edgar A. Perkins. Labor. 
 
 United Mine-Workers' Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Columbus, O. 
 
 Workingman (w). Jan. 6, 1894. 
 
 Lafayette 
 
 Lafayette Courier (d). July 2, 1860. 
 
 Lafayette Journal (d). May 25, Oct. 6, 1864. 
 
 Official Journal, Painters, Decorators and Paper Hangers. 
 See Painter and Decorator. 
 
 Painter and Decorator (m). Vols. 17-23. 1903-1909. 7 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1887 by Bro. of Painters, Decorators, and Paper Hangers, and 
 
 edited by their Sec.-Treas. (M. P. Carrick, 1901-June, 1904 ; since then, 
 
 J. C. Skemp). Styled successively Painters' Journal, Painters, Decorators, 
 
 and Paper Hangers' Magazine, and (since 1906) Painter and Decorator. 
 
 Painter's Journal (m).' Nov., 1895. 
 See Painter and Decorator. 
 
 La Porte 
 
 Railway News (w). May 2, 1903. 
 
 Founded 1903. 
 
 La Porte County Whig. Dec. 25, 1847. 
 
 [62] 
 
Indiana — Iowa 
 
 Lawrence burg 
 Union Press (w). Aug. 17, 1865. 
 
 Logansport 
 Logansport Advance (w). July 13, 1900. 
 
 New Harmony 
 
 New Harmony Gazette (w). Vol. 1. Oct., 1825-Sept., 1826. Q. 
 Published by Robert Dale Owen. 
 
 Richmond 
 
 Lilt (s-m). Apr. 1, Dec. 15, 1856; Apr. 15, 1857. 
 Devoted to interests of women. 
 
 Shelbyvffle 
 
 Alliance (w). June 1, 1904. 
 
 Terre Haute 
 
 Railway Times (w). 1894-95, 1897, 5 nos. F«. 
 
 Toiler (w). Dec. 7, 1900r 1903, 4 nos. 
 
 Valparaiso 
 
 Western Ranger (w). Jan. 11, 1845. 
 
 Washington 
 
 Washington Weekly Gazette. Dec. 26, 1868. 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Ainsworth 
 
 Political Stab (s-m). May 1, 1899. 
 FouDded 1899. 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Iowa Territorial Gazette and Burlington Advertiser (w). Dec. 8, 15, 
 1838. 
 
 With Wisconsin Territorial Gazette, July, 1837-Dec., 1838. Succeeded 
 Wis. Terr. Qaz. (a. v.) after erection of Iowa Territory, June 12, 1838. 
 Published by James Clarke & Co., public printers. Continued as Iowa 
 State Gazette, 1846, and Gazette, 1867. 
 
 [63] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Burlington, Ia., continued: 
 
 Wisconsin Territorial Gazette and Burlington Advertiser (w). July, 
 1837-May, 1838. Fs. 
 
 Successor (July 10, 1837) of Belmont (Wis.) Qazette, q. v.; published 
 by James Clarke (afterward governor of Iowa) and Cyrus S. Jacobs till 
 Apr., 1838; continued by Clarke for some time; styled Iowa Territorial 
 Uasette after erection of Iowa Territory. 
 
 Burlington Hawkete (d). 1864-65. 4 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded June, 1839, by James G. Edwards, of New York, under title 
 Iowa Patriot; soon after styled Hawk-eye and Iowa Patriot, and Hawkeye 
 after June, 1843. Published by Edwards & Beardsley, 1870-71 ; Hawkeye 
 Pub. Co., 1872-89 : since then by J. L,. Waite. Edited for many years by 
 Robert J. Burdette ; Frank Hatton, 1874-78 ; since 1889 by J. L. Waite. 
 Republican. 
 
 Cedar Falls 
 
 Dannevirke (w). 1899-1908. 5 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1880. Published by Hoist & Christiensen, 1888-1906 or later : 
 since then by M. Hoist. 
 
 Cedar Rapids 
 
 Modern Brotherhood (m). June, 1907. Fs. 
 
 Railway Conductor's Monthly. 
 
 See Railway Conductor, under Elmira, N. Y. 
 
 Why (m). Mar., 1905. 
 
 Clarinda 
 
 Southwestern Iowa Observer (w). Aug. 6, 1864. 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Tri City Labor Voice (w). May 9, 1903. 
 
 Council Bluffs 
 
 Deaf Mute Hawk Eye (s-m; w, 1884). Oct., 1882-July, 1883; Sept., 
 1884-Oct., 1886. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1880, at State Institute for Deaf Mutes. Issued during 
 school year. Edited by Moses Folsom in 1883 ; H. C. Hammond, 1884-87 ; 
 G. L. Wickoff, 1887-90; Frank Wills, 1890-91; Henry Rothert, 1892- 
 95. Published as late as 1899. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Davenport 
 
 Iowa Churchman (m). 1881-87. Q. 1888-90. F. 1891-96. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1877. Edited by Bishop William B. Perry, 1886-99 ; by 
 
 Bishop Hamilton Schuyler, 1900. Now published at Dubuque by Rev. 
 John C. Sage. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 [64] 
 
Iowa 
 
 Fest Zeituno (d). 1907. 
 
 Issued during Northwestern Siingerfest. 
 
 Davenport Gazette (d and w). 1864-65. 4 v. ps. 
 
 First dally newspaper In Iowa (1854). Conducted by Edward Russell, 
 1870 ; Waldo M. Potter, 1872-75 ; Russell, 1876-85 ; George C. Armstrong, 
 1886; C. D. Vallette, 1887. In 1888 merged with Democrat; edited 
 by D. N. Richardson as Democrat-Gazette till 1890 ; then styled Demo- 
 crat till Mar., 1904, when merged with Leader; since then, Democrat and 
 Leader. Conducted by Richardson till his death in 1898 ; B. P. Tilllng- 
 hast, 1898-1910 ; since then by Ralph W. Cram. Published by Democrat 
 Co. since 1891. 
 
 Decorah 
 
 College Chips (m). Vols. 12-15. 1895-98. 4 v. in 2. O. Vote. 16-19. 
 1899-1902. Vols. 21-23. 1904-1906 (incomp.). Vol. 26. 1909. 
 Published by students ot Luther College. 
 
 Co-Opebative Era (m). Vol. 1. 1898, 4 nos.; Nov., 1899; Jan., 1900. F. 
 
 Decobah-Posten (s-w). Norwegian. Oct., 1895-1906. 11 v. Fa. 1907-H 
 Founded Sept., 1874, and since conducted by B. Amundsen, former pub- 
 lisher of Ved Amen, in La Crosse and For Hjemmet in Decorah. Ted 
 Amen (founded 18671 was suspended in 1870, but since 1885 a. weekly 
 supplement to Posten has appeared under that name. Historical sketch 
 in souvenir pamphlet issued in 1907, An Informal Chat about Decorah 
 Posten, by the publisher. 
 
 Evangelist-Luthersk Kirketidende (m; w). Vols. 23-26. 1896-99. 
 4 v. O. 1900+ 
 Founded In 1853. Published by Lutheran Pub. House. 
 
 Employee (m). Jan.-Sept, 1905. F. 
 
 Founded 1904. Advocates improved labor conditions ; opposes social- 
 ism. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Fabmebs' Tribune (w). May, 1894-Oct, 1895 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1878. Styled Iowa State Tribune, Iowa Tribune, Iowa Farm- 
 era' Tribune successively till 1894. Conducted by James B. Weaver, 1883— 
 1896 (with E. H. Gillette till 1891) ; then published by E. T. Meredith 
 and edited by J. M. Gass till 1900 ; Meredith alone, 1901. No later data 
 obtainable. 
 
 Merchant's Trade Journal (m). 1909-1910. 2 v. Q. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1900 : owned by Ira B. Thomas until May, 1904 ; since then 
 by W. J. Pilkington. Devoted to Interests of retail merchants. 
 
 Million (w). May 1, 1886. 
 
 Iowa Unionist (w). 1900-1904, 12 nos. F«, 
 
 5— N. C. [ 65 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Iowa, continued: 
 
 Dubuque 
 
 [Included in Wisconsin Territory till June 12, 1838.] 
 Industbial Leader (w). 1887, 11 nos. F«. 
 
 Iowa News (w). July 8, 1838, 3 nos. 
 
 With Iowa Co. (Wis.) Newspapers, 1836-41. First newspaper in Iowa; 
 established under title DuBuque Visitor, May, 1836, by John King. Sus- 
 pended in 1842; material removed to Lancaster, Wis., and used in estab- 
 lishing Grant Co. Herald. The press used for printing the Visitor was 
 also used in printing the Bt. Paul Pioneer, first paper printed in Minne- 
 sota (1849) ; and the Dacotah Vemocrat, first paper in Dakota (1858). 
 
 Iowa Socialist (w). Oct., 1902- July, 1903. Fe. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1902, by Iowa Socialist Pub. Co. Edited by E. Holtz and 
 A. A. Triller all July, 190S. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Du Buque VisrroB (w). Nov. 9, 1836. 
 
 Founded May, 183C, by John King: after six months, owned by W. W. 
 Chapman, two months later, by W. H. Turner ; in June, 1837, purchased 
 by Coriell, King & Russell, and continued as Iowa News, q. v. under Du- 
 buque, Iowa. Non-partisan under King ; afterwards Democratic. 
 
 D. Sheward, of Burlington Gazette, stated in 1859 that the Visitor was 
 at one time published by William Carey Jones, son-in-law of Thomas H. 
 Benton. (See Wis. Editorial Association Proceedings, 1859). 
 
 Hampton 
 
 Mystic Wobkeb. 
 
 See same title, under Fulton, III. 
 
 Keokuk 
 Dally Gate Crrr. Dec. 31, 1857. 
 
 North- Western Review (m). Vol. 1. June, 1857-Apr., 1858. O. 
 
 Published by H. H. Belding ; devoted to business, real estate, and de- 
 velopment of natural resources, especially in Iowa ; gives valuable informa- 
 tion and statistics. 
 
 Lyons 
 Tri City Labob Voice (w). May 9, 1903. 
 
 Marcus 
 
 Fbtjitmaw and Gardener. 
 
 See same title, under Mount Vernon. 
 
 Mount Vernon 
 
 Fbuttman and Gardener (m). 1902+ P-Q. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1897, by M. E. Hinkley, at Marcus, and conducted by him 
 till Jan., 1901 ; since then by Lloyd McCutcheon, for the company. 
 
 [66] 
 
Iowa — Kansas 
 
 Muscatine 
 
 Labor's Voice (m). Dec, 1903. 
 
 Oskaloosa 
 
 Liberty Bell (w). May 19, 1894. 1 
 
 Sioux City 
 
 Tidende (w). Danish. Oct., 1895-Aug., 1896. F«. 
 
 With Danslce Pionier, Omaha. Pounded 1890 by 0. M. Levang, and 
 conducted by him till 1892 ; by John Story, 1893-97. No later mention 
 in directories. 
 
 Sidney 
 
 American Union. Oct. 23, 1863; Aug. 18, 1864. 
 
 Valparaiso 
 
 Republican Extra (w). 1843, 3 nos. 
 
 Webster City 
 
 Christian Socialist. 
 
 See same title, under Chicago, 111. 
 
 Freeman Tribune (d). Nov. 19, 1902. 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Atchison 
 
 Atchison Free Pbess (d). May, 1866-Aug., 1868. 5 v. Fo-?. 
 
 Founded 1863 by F. A. Root & Co., as first daily in Atchison. From 
 Jan., 1868, edited by L. R. Elliott. In 1868 merged with Champion 
 (founded 1855) as Champion and Press, and published by Root & Martin 
 till 1871. Thereafter styled Champion; published by John A. Martin, till 
 1891; Andrew J. Felt, 1892-94; Champion Pub. Co., 1895-97; Felt & 
 Skinner, 189S ; Champion Linotype Pub. Co., 1899; Ewing Herbert, 1901; 
 now by Champion Pub. Co. Republican ; now Independent Republican. 
 
 Squatter Sovereign (w). Sept. 12, 1857. 
 
 With Kans., Wash., and Oregon Newspapers, 1856-63. Established by 
 J. H. Stringfellow, Feb., 1855 ; intensely Pro-slavery in tone. Continued, 
 in 1858 as Champion, a Free-Soil paper. 
 
 Concordia 
 
 Kansas Kbitic (w). May 2, 1888. 
 
 [6,7] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Kansas, continued: 
 
 Doniphan City 
 
 Kansas Cbtjsadeb of Freedom (w). Mar. 6, 1858. 
 
 With Kane., Wash., and Oregon Newspapers, 1856-62. Published by 
 James Redpath. 
 
 Emporia 
 
 Independent League (m). Nov., 1894-Oct, 1895. Q. 
 
 Founded 1894 by Reform Pub. Co., and conducted by them till 1899. 
 No later data obtainable. 
 
 Enterprise 
 
 Integral Co-opebatob (w). 1892, 2 nos. 
 Social Ethics (w). 1903, 5 nos. F*. 
 
 Fort Scott 
 
 Deutscheb Kbieger (w). May 20, 1862. 
 
 With Mo. and Kans. Local newspapers, 1862-67. 
 
 Socialist Reason (m). Feb., 1903. 
 Founded 1902. 
 
 Geuda Springs 
 Cbank (w). Nov. 6, 1886. 
 
 Girard 
 
 Appeal to Reason (w). Aug., 1895-1907. 3 v. Fe. 1908+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1895, by J. A. Wayland, and since conducted by him. 
 Absorbed, Dec, 1903, Cominy Nation (q. v. under Euskin, Tenn.). Fred 
 Warren of the latter paper has since continued with Appeal to Reason. 
 Eugene F. Debs also on editorial staff. Socialist. Issued at Kansas City, 
 Mo. and Kans., until Feb., 1897. 
 
 Gaa Paa (w). Jan. 16, Apr. 2, 1904. 
 
 Organ for Scandinavian workers in America. 
 
 Message (bi-m). Mar-Apr., 1908. F». 
 
 Pbogbessive Woman (m). March, 1909+ Q. 
 
 Started as Socialist Woman, in Chicago, May, 1906, by Kiichi Kaneko 
 and Josephine Conger-Kaneko. Feb., 1908, the present name was adopted. 
 Upon death of Kaneko in Oct., 1909, Mrs. Josephine C. Kaneko became 
 editor, owner and publisher. Moved to Girard in 1907. Woman's suf- 
 frage and socialism. 
 
 Studies in Socialism (g). Jan., 1905; Apr., 1908. 
 
 [68] 
 
Kansas 
 
 American Tbades Alliance Quarterly. Apr., 1898. 
 
 Watland's Monthly. 1901-1903, 4 nos.; May, 1905; Dec., 1907. D. 
 
 Founded 1901 by J. A. Wayland, and conducted by him until 1907. 
 No later data obtainable. Socialist. 
 
 Independence 
 
 Stab and Kansan (w). 1903-Apr., 1906 (incomp.). P«. 
 
 Founded 1S73. Published as Kansan by W. H. Watkins, 1875-1879; 
 F. C. Scott, 1880-82; A. A. Stewart, 1883-85; H. W. Young, 1886-96; 
 Young & Cox, 1897-1900 ; since then by A. T. Cox. Now styled Evening 
 Star. Independent ; later Socialist. 
 
 Kansas City 
 
 Appeal to Reason. 
 
 See same title!, under Girard. 
 
 Bon.EE Makers' and Iron Shipbuilders' Journal (m). Vols. 4-12. 
 1894-1900 (incomp.). Vols. 13-21. 1901-1909. 8 v. O. 1910+' 
 Founded Sept., 1892, by William J. Gilthorpe ; edited by him until Nov., 
 1893. The two Brotherhoods were then merged and Internatl. Pres. Lee 
 Johnson became editor, ex officio, lie was followed by John McNeil, 1897— 
 1904 ; George F. Dunn, 1904-08 ; J. A. Franklin, 1908-10. In Sept., 1910, 
 James B. Casey became the first editor to give his whole time to the 
 work. 
 
 Coopees' International Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Cleveland, O. 
 
 Jottbnal of Brotherhood of Boiler-Makers, etc. 
 
 See Boiler Makers' and Iron Shipbuilders' Magazine. 
 
 Line Up (w). June 5, 1905. 
 
 Kickapoo City 
 
 Kansas Pioneeb (w). Nov.-Dec, 1854, 3 nos. 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. 
 
 Lawrence 
 
 Herald of Freedom (w). Oct., 1854-Feb., 1856; Mar.-Aug., 1858, 6 nos. 
 
 F7. 
 
 With Eans., Wash., and Oregon Newspapers, 1856-63. Founded Oct., 
 1854, at Wakarusa, by George W. Brown. Second number issued at Law- 
 rence, Jan. 6, 1855. Office destroyed (1856) by Border Ruffians, but pub- 
 lication soon resumed. Succeeded (1860) by Kansas City Journal. 
 
 A six-pound cannon given to Lawrence by Horace Greeley and others 
 was used in the attack on Fort Titus, Aug. 16, 1856, by Capt. Thomas 
 Bickerton. The balls were obtained by melting the type of the Herald of 
 Freedom. When fired, Bickerton called them the "second edition of the 
 Herald." 
 
 [69] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 jLawbence, Kans., continued: 
 
 ^Kansas Monthly. July, 1878-Sept., 1881. 2 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1S78 by J. S. Boughton and conducted by him till 1883. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Leavenworth 
 
 Leavenworth Journal (w). Dec. 11, 1856; 1858, 5 nos. Ft. 
 
 With Kans., Wash., and Oregon newspapers, 1856-63. Founded 1856 ; 
 conducted by John D. Henderson in that year; C. H. McLaughlin and 
 George W. Purkins in March, 1858 ; W. B. Hutchison and — Campbell 
 in Aug. Pro-slavery. Suspended, 1859. 
 
 Leavenworth Times (w). 1858, 4 nos. 
 
 With Kans., Wash., and Oregon Newspapers, 1856-63. Founded 185T 
 by Champion Vaughn, and conducted by him alone for a year ; then with 
 J. K. Bartlett, as a Free State organ. Continued later as Times and 
 Conservative, then as Times; published by D. W. Wilder and H. S. Sleeper, 
 1869 ; Leavenworth Times Co., 1871 ; Daniel R. Anthony, 1872-1904 (ex- 
 cept Nov., 1887-1889, when Times Co. controlled it) ; since then by D. E. 
 Anthony Jr. Absorbed Commercial, Conservative, and Bulletin (all con- 
 ducted by Anthony). 
 
 Long Island 
 
 Long Island Leader (w). May 2, 1903. 
 
 Manhattan 
 
 Manhattan Express (w). Nov. 26, 1859; Apr. 7, 1860. 
 
 Western Kansas Expbess (w). Feb. 9, May 11, 1861. 
 
 Industrialist (m). 1897-98, 6 nos. F-O. 
 
 Kansas Radical (w). July, 1867-Sept., 1868. F«. 
 
 Founded 1866 by B. C. Manning, and conducted by him till Sept., 1867, 
 when the business management was leased to George C. Crowther. Sold 
 in Sept., 1868, to L. R. Elliott, to be merged in Independent. Strong 
 anti-woman's suffrage. 
 
 Olathe 
 
 'Progressive Thought and Dawn of Equity (m). 1894--98, 5 nos.; Jan., 
 Feb., 1908. GK). 
 
 Founded 1893 by Progressive Thought Co. ; conducted by them ana 
 edited by H. Z. Ernst until 1908. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Quindaro 
 
 »Quindaro Chin-Do-Wan (w). Feb.-A.pr., 1858, 7 nos. P'. 
 With Kans.. Wash., and Oregon Newspapers. 1856-63. 
 
 [70] 
 
Kansas 
 
 Topeka 
 
 Advocate (w). Sept., 1894-July, 1895 (incomp.). F. 
 See Farmers' Advocate. 
 
 Kansas Semi-Weekly Capital. 1896-1901. 6 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1869. Published by J. K. Hudson, 1880 ; by Daily Capital 
 Pub. Co., 1881-83 (edited by Henry King, but managed by Hudson) ; by 
 Hudson, 1884-89, when he merged in it the Commonwealth and for about 
 a year published both as Uapilat-UommonireaWi. Continued by him as 
 Capital till 1896; by Topeka Capital Co., 1897-1901 or later. Now pub- 
 lished by Arthur Capper, and edited by Harold T. Chase. Republican. 
 
 Commonwealth (d). 1872; July-Dec, 1873; 1874-85; July, 1886-Oct., 
 
 1888. 31 v. F 7-6. 
 
 Founded 1869 (first styled Kansas Commonwealth) by Prouty, Davis 
 & Crane, and conducted by thein till 1872 : S'. S. Prouty (tor Common- 
 wealth Ptg. Co.), 1872; Henry King. 1873-74; G. W. Veale, 1875; F. P. 
 Baker, 1S76-81 (with his son after 1877) ; Commonwealth Co., 1882-88. 
 Then united with Capital (q. v.), as Capital-Commonwealth. 
 
 Equity (w). Mar. 31, Dec. 15, 1900. 
 
 Kansas Farmer (-w). Dec, 1908+ F*. 
 
 Founded by State Board of Agriculture, 1863. Subsequently owned 
 by. J. K. Hudson (1874-79), E. E. Kwing, Gov. George J. Anthony, Sen. 
 William A. Peffer, and others. Bought by owners of Farmers' Advocate 
 (q. v.), Dec, 1908, and both papers merged. Since published by Kansai 
 Farmer Co., Albert J. Reid, president ; edited by J. A. Borman and I. D. 
 Graham. 
 
 Farmers' Advocate (w). May-Dec, 1908. F*. 
 
 Founded 1889 by S. McLallin and conducted by him till about 1891 ; by 
 Advocate Pub. Co., 1892-98. Styled Advocate and News, 1898 ; Farmers' 
 Advocate, since 1899. Published by George B. Harrison & Co., 1899- 
 1900 ; by H. N. Gaines, 1901. In 1909 published by Western Printing & 
 Pub. Co., and edited by T. A. Borman. No later mention in directories. 
 Democratic ; later Populist. 
 
 Helping Hand (m). Aug., 1896. 
 
 Labor Champion (w). Dec. 18, 1903; Sept. 2, 1904. 
 
 Topeka Matt, (w). Oct., 1884-Oct, 1893. 7 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1883 by F. H. Collier, C. G. and W. E. Coutant, and conducted 
 by them till 1885; Collier and J. E. Layton, 1886; F. A. Root & Sons, 
 1887-93; Arthur Capper, 1894-1901. Then styled Mail and Breeze, and 
 published by Capper and T. A. McNeal. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Neqtja (bi-m). June-July, 1896. 
 
 Kansas Co-operative Congress number. 
 
 State Record (w). July 20, 1899. 
 
 ' [71] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 TTtiTRAs, continued: 
 
 Valley Falls 
 
 Fair Plat (s-w; m). May, 1888-Aug., 1890. F*-s. Jan.-Mar., 1891. O. 
 Founded 1888 by E. C. Walker and — Harman, and conducted by 
 them till 1890. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Wichita 
 
 Kansas Commoner (w). Nov. 17, 1904. 
 
 Social Ethics (m). 1903-June, 1904; Feb.-Mar., 1905. O; F«; S. 
 
 Founded 1898. Published by People's Pub. Co., and edited by Granville 
 Lowther, 1903-1905. Published at Enterprise, q. v., till 1904. Then sold 
 to Thomas E. Will. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Western Newspaper Union (w). Jan. 28, 1905. 
 
 Winfield 
 
 Southwestern Advocate (w). Dec. 4 1902. 
 
 American Nonconformist (w). 1893-96 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1879. Published by H. & L. Vincent, 1887-91 ; Vincent Bros 
 Pub. Co., 1892-93 ; Templeton, East & Co.. 1894-95 ; Templeton, Stock- 
 well & Co., 1896; C. Vincent, 1897-98. Edited by H. Vincent, E. B. 
 Cummings, and Charles X. Mathews, 1894 ; Mathews and L. A. Stockwell, 
 1895-96; C. Vincent, 1897-98. No later mention in directories. Re- 
 moved to Indianapolis, Ind., in 1892. 
 
 Wyandotte 
 
 Wyandotte Gazette (d). Jan. 28, Feb. 4, 1865. 
 
 With Mo. and Hans. Local Newspapers, 1862-67. Founded 1859. 
 Published in 1865 by R. B. Taylor ; Kessler & Tuttle, 1870 ; Taylor, 1871- 
 81 ; Armstrong & Moyer, 1882-87 ; R. B. Armstrong, 1888. Since then 
 published by Gazette Co., and edited by George W. Martin. 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Bardstown 
 
 Western American (w). Nov., 1804-May, 1805, 7 nos. F». 
 
 With Western World, Frankfort, 1804-10. Founded Sept., 1803, by 
 Francis Penniston. Removed to Louisville, Jan., 1806, and soon after- 
 ward to St. Louis. See R. G. Thwaites, Ohio Valley Press oefore War of 
 1812-15, p. 29. 
 
 Frankfort 
 
 Commentator (w). Jan. 17, 1817. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Founded 18JT 
 by Moses O. Bl»d9on. 
 
 [72] 
 
Kentucky 
 
 Frankfort Commonwealth (w). Apr., 1854-Dec., 1856; 1857-60. 3 V- 
 F 7. 
 
 Founded 183a. Published by A. G. Hodges & Co., Apr., 1854 (or be- 
 fore)-1872. Edited by William L. Callender, Apr., 1854-1856; Thomas 
 M. Green, 1857-Apr., I860 ; G. W. Lewis and .T. M. Todd, Apr.-Dec, 1860 ; 
 J. H. Johnson for a time ; Samuel E. Smith, 1870 (or before)-1872. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Palladium (w). Aug., 1798-May, 1801; June, 1801-Oct., 1803. 2 v.. 
 
 F". 
 
 First newspaper in Frankfort ; successor of Washington (Ky.) Mirror; 
 established by William Hunter and conducted by him until 1808, when 
 sold to two of his printers. Published till 1826 or later. Influential 
 Democratic organ. Sub-title, Literary and Political Weekly Repository. 
 See Thwaites, Ohio Valley Press, pp. 19-Z1. 
 
 American Republic (w). Nov.-Dec., 1810, 6 nos. F". 
 
 With Western World, 1804-10. Established by Humphrey Marshall, . 
 June, 1810, succeeded by Harbinger. 
 
 Same. Jan.-Feb., 1811, 3 nos. 
 
 With Reporter, Lexington, 1813-14. 
 
 Spibit of '76 (w). Mar .-Aug., 1826. Q. 
 
 Western World (w). Oct., 1806-Apr., 1807; Dec, 1807-Jan., 1808; Octv- 
 Nov., 1808. Fs. 
 
 Established July, 1806, as a Federal organ by John Wood and Joseph 
 M. Street. Its fearless attacks led to the overthrow of Burr's conspiracy, 
 and of another to render the Mississippi Valley tributary to Spain ; also • 
 caused impeachment of Judge Sebastian and trial of Gen. Wilkinson. 
 Suspended, June, 1810. See Thwaites, Ohio Valley Press, pp. 21-27. 
 
 Patrons' Bulletin (m). Nov., 1875-Aug., 1877. F*. 
 
 Georgetown 
 
 Georgetown Pateiot (w). Apr. 20, 1816. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 American Sentinel (w). Feb.-Mar., 182f, 5 nos.; Apr. 11, 1828. F».. 
 
 With Southern and Western Local Newspapers, 1821-28. 
 
 Knoxville 
 
 Sociologist (m). 1884, 8 nos.; 1885, 6 nos. O. 
 
 Lexington 
 
 Kentucke Gazette (w). Nov., 1787— Nov., 1788, 34 nos. F*. 
 
 First newspaper in Kentucky ; established Aug., 1787, by John Brad- 
 ford, of Virginia ("Old Wisdom") ; granted free use of a public lot by- 
 town trustees of Lexington. Suspended, 1848. See Thwaites, pp. 13-17. 
 
 [73] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Lexington, Ky., continued: 
 
 Kentucky Gazette (w). 1812-14, 11 nos. F«. 
 Successor of Kentucke Gazette. 
 
 Lexington Hebald (w). Sept., 1908-1909. F». 
 
 Issued since 1896 by Lexington Pub. Co. as daily edition of Press- 
 Transcript (Press founded, 1870; Transcript, 1878). Edited by Samuel 
 G. Boyle till about 1899; W. O. P. Breckenridge, 1899-1904; now by 
 Desha Breckenridge. Democratic ; now Labor. 
 
 "Western Monitoe (w). Oct., 1814-Nov., 1816 (incomp.). F«. 
 Changed to Western Review, 1819; suspended, 1822. 
 
 Kentucky .Repobteb (w). Apr. 21, 1823; July 24, 31, 1826. 
 Witb Southern and Western Local Newspapers, 1821-28. 
 
 Eepobteb (w). 1813-14, 20 nos. F«. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1808, by William W. Worsley, o£ Virginia, and Samuel 
 W. Overton. Edited by Edwin Bryant, 1832-33 ; Kobert N. Wickliffe, 
 1833-38 ; D. C. Wickliffe, 1838-65 ; W. C. P. Breckenridge, 1866-68 ; sus- 
 pended, 1873. See Thwaites, p. 17. 
 
 Tbue Amebican (w). Dec. 23, 1845; Jan.-Oct., 1846 (incomp.). F<>. 
 
 Louisville 
 
 Louisville Commercial (d). July, 1892-1895. 14 v. F«. 
 
 Pounded 1870 by Louisville Commercial Co., and published by them 
 till 18S2 ; Commercial Pub. Co., 1883-85 : Louisville Press Co., 1886-1901. 
 Edited by Roland B. Gelatt, 1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Western Coubieb (w). Nov., 1813-Sept, 1816. Fs. 
 
 Founded by Nicholas Clark, 1810; continued (1821). as Emporium ani 
 Commercial Advertiser (s-w). 
 
 Weekly Coubieb-Joubnal. July, 1888-July, 1889. Fa. 
 
 Successor (1868) of Louisville Courier, L. Democrat, and L. Journal; 
 last-named was founded in 1831 by George D. Prentice, and under his 
 conduct became the most influential among Western newspapers. L. 
 Democrat founded 1843 ; conducted by J. H. Harney till 1868. L. Courier 
 founded 1844, by W. N. Haldeman : suppressed for "disloyalty," 1861 ; 
 then, during Civil War, published at Bowling Green, Ky., and later, at 
 Nashville, Tenn. ; one of the most important Southern papers of that 
 period. Published by the Courier-Journal Ptg. Co. since 1868. Edited 
 by Henry Watterson. Democratic. 
 
 Examinee (w). June 19, 1847-Mar. 3, 1849. F«. 
 
 Founded June, 1847. Edited by J. C. Vaughan till May, 1848 ; then by 
 F. Cosby, John Heywood and Noble Butler, with Vaughan as correspond- 
 ing editor. 
 
 Dollar Fabmeb (m). Vol. 1. July, 1842-June, 1843. Indexed. Q. 
 Published by Prentice & Weissinger. 
 
 [74] 
 
Kentucky 
 
 -American Freemason (s-m). Vols. 2-3. 1853-55. 2 v. F=. 
 
 Founded 1852 as Kentucky Freemason. Published by J. P. Brennan 
 & Co., 1853-55 ; edited by Robert Morris. 
 
 Louisville Gazette (w). Mar. 15, 1811. 
 
 With Lewington, Reporter, 1813-14. Published by Rannels & Smoot 
 
 Louisville Journal (d). May 14, 1865. 
 
 Louisville Literary News Letter (w). Dec, 1838-Dec, 1839, 28 noa.;] 
 Jan.-Nov., 1840. F*. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1838, by Prentice & Weissinger; edited by Edmund 
 Flagg till Dee., 1839; later by Leonard Bliss Jr., until suspension, Nov., 
 1840. 
 
 Public Library Paper (w). May, 1873-Jan., 1874. F. Feb., 1874- 
 
 Feb., 1875. F*. 
 
 Founded 1873 by the Public Library of Kentucky ; edited by Ben Casse- 
 day. Literary. 
 
 Sanitary Reporter (s-m). May, 1863-Oct, 1864. Q. 
 
 Southern Socialist (w). Sept. 29, 1900. 
 Founded 1900. 
 
 Southland (m). May, 1888. 
 
 Tobacco Worker (m). 1907+ O. 
 
 Founded 1897 by Tobacco Workers Internatl. Union, and since pub- 
 lished by them. 
 
 True American (w). Dec. 23, 1845; Jan.-Oct, 1846 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Watchman Evangelist (w). Sept. 8, 1853. 
 
 Paducah 
 
 Journal of Labor (w). Jan. 6, 1904. 
 
 Bussellville 
 
 Sovereign People (w). Nov. 24, 1813. 
 
 Shelbyville 
 
 Shelby News. July 23, 1846. 
 
 Winchester 
 
 Winchester Advertiser (w). Aug.-Dec, 1814. F«. 
 
 With Kentucky Gazette, 1812-14. 
 
 Same. Nov. 9, 1816. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1814, by Martin & Patten. Conducted in 1816 by 
 Nathaniel Patten Jr. Styled Advertiser Oct. 29, 1814 ; later Kentucky 
 Advertiser. 
 
 [75] 
 
'Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 Abbeville 
 
 Red Flag (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct., 1907; Jan.-Mar., 1908; May 29, 
 1908 (w. during campaign). Q. 
 
 Alexandria 
 
 Bed River Rover. Mar. 21, 1864. 
 
 "Printed on board the steamer Des Moines — 'Uncle Samuel,' publisher;" 
 editor, C. E. Redfield (founder of Waupaca, Wis., Spirit, q. v.), of the 8tb 
 Wis. Regt. Printed on a sheet of letter-paper, with materials of Louisiana 
 Democrat (suspended on arrival of Federal troops at Alexandria) ; con- 
 tains account of Red River expedition. 
 
 Franklin 
 
 Attakapas Register (w). Jan.-Nov., 1861. P«. 
 
 Founded 1856. Published (1891) by Jonathan C. White & Son. 
 
 Houma 
 
 Houma Ceres. Oct. 13, 1860. 
 
 Witb Southern and Middle newspapers, 1851-60. 
 
 New Orleans 
 
 Louisiana Advertises (d). 1820-24 (incomp.). 2 v. Fb. 
 
 Louisiana Advertiser (s-w and tri-w). Apr .-Aug., 1820. F«. 
 
 Louisiana Advertiser (w). Oct., 1826-Sept., 1828. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1820. Published by P. Wood, Nov., 1820 ; James Beardslee, 
 
 Dec, 1820-1826 (with Nicholas in 1823, later with John Penrice) i 
 
 Penrice and P. K. Wagner, 1827-Sept, 1828. 
 
 Southwestern Advocate (w). July, 1873-1876. 2 v. F*. 1877-7S 
 (incomp.). 1879-May, 1883, 2 v. F7. May, 1883-1896; 1899- 
 1900; 1903-1904. 12 v. F4. 
 
 Founded 1866 as Jtew Orleans Advocate, edited by J. P. Newman. In. 
 1868 adopted provisionally by General M. E. Conference, but in 1870' 
 merged with a state educational journal, soon suspended. Revived in 
 1873 by Rev. Isaac S. Leavitt, for the Southwestern Methodist Pub. Co. 
 Edited by Rev. J. C. Hartzell, 1873-Feb., 1882 ; W. P. Cushman, Feb., 
 1882-June, 1884 ; Rev. Marshall W. Taylor, June, 1884-Sept, 1887 ; Rev. 
 A. E. P. Albert, 1887-June, 1892 ; Kev. E. W. S. Hammond, June, 1892- 
 1894: Rev. W. C. Black, 1895-98: I. B. Scott, 1899-1903; since then by 
 Robert E. Jones. Official organ of M. E. Conference since 1876. 
 
 Ami des Lois (tri--vr). French and English. Jan. 18, 1810. 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1808. 
 
 [76] 
 
Louisiana 
 
 New Orleans Bee (d). May-Dec., 1862, scat. nos. Fr. 
 English edition of L'ADeille, founded 1827. 
 
 Bulletin (s-w). Sept.-Nov., 1884. F. 
 
 Christian Advocate. 
 
 See Southwestern Advocate. 
 
 Southwestern Christian Advocate. 
 See Southwestern Advocate. 
 
 Citizen's Guard (s-w). Aug. 20, 1871. 
 
 Coubbieb de la Louisiane (tri-w). French and English. Apr. 29, 1808. 
 First paper issued in Louisiana after its purchase from France (1803). 
 
 New Orleans Daily Crescent. Jan.-May, 1862. Fs. 
 
 With New Orleans Newspapers, 1862. Founded 1848. Published (1862) 
 by J. 0. Nixon. Suspended before 1870. 
 
 Delta (d, w, and s). Jan.-Sept., 1862, scat. nos. 
 
 With True Delta, 1862. Founded 1845. Published (1862) by New Or- 
 leans Delta Pub. Co. 
 
 Daily Delta. May, 1862-Feb., 1863. F«. 
 
 Dimanche (w). French. 1861-62, 5 nos. 
 
 With New Orleans Newspapers, 1861-64. Founded 1861 by J. J. Tros- 
 clair. In February R. P. Heard became part owner. In 1862 published 
 by Michel Vidal. 
 
 Echo du Commerce (d). French and English. Sept. 28, 1808. 
 
 Louisiana Gazette (d). Mar., 1823-June, 1824 (incomp.). Fa. 
 
 Founded 1S04. Published by C. W. Duhy, Mar.-Sept., 1823 ; by Robert 
 
 D. Richardson, Sept.. 1823-June, 1824 (with Mead till Dec, 1823). 
 
 Two sections in French and English respectively. 
 
 Estafette du Sud (d). French. May-Dec, 1862, 28 nos. F; F«; FT. 
 With New Orleans Newspapers, 1861-64. Founded 1861. Published by 
 Emile Lefranc. 
 
 Lantebne Magique (w). French and English. Nov. 20, 1808. 
 
 Mebcuby (w). Nov. 14, 1846; 1847, 12 nos. 
 
 El Misisipi (s-w). Spanish. Oct 12, 1808. 
 
 Moniteue de la Louisiane. French. May 7, 1808. 
 
 Daily Picayune. 1862 (incomp.). 
 
 With True Delta, 1862. Founded 1837. Published by Lumsden, Ken- 
 dall & Co., 1848-52 ; Kendall, Holbrook & Co., 1862-70 ; A. M. Holbrook, 
 1871 ; New Orleans Prtg. & Pub. Co.. 1872-75 ; Holbrook, 1876-79 ; Nich- 
 olson & Co., 1880-1900 ; Nicholson estate, 1901. Edited by George Ken- 
 dall, 1837-48; Francis A. Lumsden, 1837-60; A. M. Holbrook, 1860-76 
 (with R. B. Rhrtr, 1K72* : Mrs. E. J. Nicholson, 1876-80; C. Harrison 
 Parker, 1SK1-88; since then by Thomas E. Davis. 
 
 [77] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Orleans, La.., continued: 
 
 Weekly Picayune. 1892-96. 6 v. P«. Dec. 15-26, 1903, 
 
 Same. Aug.-Sept., 1852; Mar. 26, 1859. 
 
 With Middle 'and Southern Newspapers, 1851-60. 
 
 • Same. May 29, 1848. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841-49. 
 
 Propaqateub Catholique (w). French. Nov., 1842-May, >1S43. In- 
 dexed. O. 
 
 Oldest French newspaper in the United States ; founded in 1810. Pub- 
 lished by A. Lntton, 1875-76 ; by Le Propagateur Co., 1877-1888. Edited 
 by Lutton, 1875-76; by L. Lefargue, 1877-88. Suspended, 1888. Soman. 
 Catholic. 
 
 Same. Jan., 1861-Mar., 1862; Apr-Dec., 1862, scat. nos. 
 
 With New Orleans Newspapers, 1861-64. 
 
 Renaissance (d). French. May-July, 1862, scat. nos. 
 
 With Louisiana Newspapers, 1861-64. See Renaissance Louisianaise. 
 
 Renaissance Louisianaise (w). Feb.-Aug., 1862, 10 nos. Q; F*; F».. 
 
 With New Orleans Newspapers, 1861-64. Founded 1861. Conducted by 
 Emile Hiriart and Henri Vignaud (afterwards for many years secretary 
 to the American Embassy in Paris) till May, 1862 ; then by Eugene Lamu- 
 loniere and Vignaud (who was soon succeeded by Charles Ecausse). Ab- 
 sorbed Le Sud, Apr., 1861. Daily edition issued after May, 1862, styled 
 Renaissance. Published by Emile Lefranc & Co., Aug., 1862-1871 ; by 
 H. du Bos, 1872-73. Suspended, 1878. 
 
 New Orleans Republican (d). Jan.-Aug., 1871; Jan., 1872-Mar., 1874 
 (exc. June-Sept., 1872, and May-Sept., 1873) ; 1876. 8 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1867. Published by Michael Halm, 1870-75 ; by Republican 
 Prtg. Co., 1876-77. Edited by Hahn, 1870-75; by W. R. Fish, 1876-77. 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 Southern Standard (d). July 10, 1849. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841-49. Founded July, 1849 r 
 by Wyndham Robinson Jr. & Co. 
 
 Telegeaphe (tri-w). French and English. May 7, 1808. 
 
 New Orleans Times-Democbat (d). Oct., 1882-Sept., 1887; 1890-1910, 
 150 v. 1911+ Fe. 
 
 Consolidation (1881 or 1882) of Times and Democrat. The Times was- 
 founded 1863 ; published by M. P. Rigney and C. A. Weed, 1870-72 ; Big- 
 
 ney and Mrs. W. H. C. King, 1873-74 : Isaac N. Stoutemeyer and 
 
 Judson, 1875-81. The Democrat was founded 1876 ; published by George- 
 W. Dupre & Co., 1879-81 ; edited by H. I. Hearsey, 1879 ; E. A. Burke,. 
 1880-81 ; since then by Page Baker. Published since merger by Times- 
 Democrat Pub Co. 
 
 Tbue Delta (d). Jan., 1862-Mar., 1863, scat. nos. F«. 
 With New Orleans Newspapers, 1862. 
 
 [78] 
 
Louisiana — Maine 
 
 Same (w). Jan. 22, 1853; May 2, 1857. 
 
 With Middle and Southern Newspapers, 1851-60. Founded 1835. Pub- 
 lished by John Maginnls & Co., 1853-63. 
 
 Union (s-w). French. Sept-Dec, 1862. F«. 
 With Sew Orleans Newspapers, 1861-64. 
 
 Same (tri-w). Mar-Dec, 1863, 15 nos.; Jan.-July, 1864. 
 
 With New Orleans Newspapers, 1861-64. Founded Sept., 1862, by 
 Frank F. Barclay. 
 
 Union Advocate (w). Dec. 21, 25, 1903. F. 
 Founded 1902. 
 
 Maine 
 
 Bangor 
 
 Daily Whig and Courier. 1868. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1815. Published by John H. .Lynde, 1869-75; C. A. Boutelle 
 
 and Burr, 1876-1891 ; Boutelle Bros., 1892-99. No later mention 
 
 in directories. 
 
 Bath 
 
 Maine Gazette (w). Dec. 8, 1820. 
 
 First issue of first paper in Bath ; published by Torrey & Simpson. 
 Merged in Inquirer, 1832. 
 
 Belfast 
 
 Republican Journal (w). Feb.-Apr., 1840, 4 nos. 
 
 With Maine Cultivator, 1881-41. Founded 1829. Edited (1840), by 
 Cyrus Rowe. Anti-Whig. 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 Falmouth Gazette (w). Jan. 1, 1875. 
 
 Facsimile. With Early Newspapers, 1750-1800. 
 
 Farmington 
 
 Franklin Register (w). July 11, 1840. 
 With Maine Cultivator, 1831-41. 
 
 Hallowell 
 
 American Advocate (w). Sept. 14, 21, 1816. 
 With N. E. Local Newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 [79] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Haixowbll, Me., continued: 
 
 Maine Ctji/ttvatob (w). Oct., 1839-Apr., 1841, Beat. nos. Fs. 
 
 Styled Hallowell Gazette, commencing 1850 ; and Saturday Gazette, 
 1869 ; suspended, 1871. 
 
 Eastern Stab (w). 1795, 3 nos. 
 
 With N. E. Local Newspapers, 1791-98. First newspaper on the Kenne- 
 bec ; founded 1794 ; succeeded by Tocsin, 1795. 
 
 IJewiston 
 
 American Co-opebatob (w). Vol. 1. Aug., 1902-May, 1903. F. Vols. 
 2-3. June, 1903-Feb., 1904. O. 
 
 Founded 1902 by Co-op. Assn. of America. Edited by Ralph Albertson 
 till Feb., 1904, when removal of paper to Boston was announced. 
 
 Lewiston Falls Joubnal (w). July 16, 1853. 
 
 Touchstone (w). Aug. 16, Nov. 22, 1854; Aug. 17, Not. 9, 1855. 
 
 Norway 
 
 'Norway Advebtiseb (w). July 29, 1852. 
 
 Portland 
 
 Portland Advebtiseb (d). July 16, 1850. 
 
 Eastern Abotts (w). 1810; 1812. 2 v. F»; F«. 
 
 Established 1803 by Calvin Day and Nathaniel Willis as a Democratic 
 organ ; won notoriety by imprisonment of Willis for boldness of his politi- 
 cal opinions. 
 
 Boabd of Tbade Journal (m). Vol. 15. 1902 (incomp.). 1903+ E\ 
 
 Founded May, 1888, by Marshall N. Rich and conducted by him till his 
 death, Dec, 1 902 ; since then by his son, Maurice C. Rich. 
 
 • Chbisttan Mirror (w). Vol. 1. Aug., 1822-Aug., 1823. Indexed. F». 
 Founded by members of Dr. Payson's church. Edited successively by 
 Asa Rand, Asa Cummings and Charles A. Lord ; acknowledged by Daniel 
 Webster to have done good service in securing the peaceable settlement of 
 the Northeastern Boundary dispute ; also powerfully defended Bowdoin 
 College from state interference. 
 
 Maine Farmer. 
 
 See same title, under Wlnthrop. 
 
 Fbeeman's Friend (w). Jan.— June, 1810. V s . 
 
 With Gazette and Argus, 1810. Founded 1805. Published by J. 
 M'Kown from June, 1809, till suspension, June, 1810. 
 
 [80] 
 
Maine 
 
 Portland Gazette and Maine Advertiser (w). Jan.-Nov., 1810; 1813. 
 2 v. Pi; Fs. 
 
 First newspaper in Maine ; established 1785 as Falmouth Gazette; con- 
 tinued as Cumberland Gazette (1786), and Eastern Herald (17921 ; 
 united with Portland Gazette (1805) by Isaac Adams. Edited by W. D. 
 Sewall, 1825-26 ; James Brooks, who originated the idea of the Wash- 
 ington correspondent, 1830-35 ; James G. Blaine, 1858-61. 
 
 Journal of Reform (w). May, 1836-May, 1837. F. 
 Edited by Daniel C. Colesworthy. 
 
 Pleasure Boat (s-m). Apr., 1845- June, 1846. Q. i 
 
 Founded Apr., 18-15, by J. Hacker, "Owner, Master, and Crew," and 
 conducted by him till June, 1846. Continuance announced, if subscrip- 
 tions are paid at once. Religious. 
 
 Maine State Pbess (w). July-Dec, 1894; 1896-. F6. 
 Weekly edition of Daily Press, q. v. 
 
 Portland Daily Press. 1894-96 (exc. Apr.-June, 1894). 11 v. F». 
 Jan., 1897. 
 
 Founded 1862. Fublished by N. A. Foster, 1869-70 ; since then by 
 Portland Pub. Co. Edited by !■. H. Cobb, 1896-1901 or later ; now by F. 
 G. Fassett. Republican. 
 
 Sabbath School Instructor (w). Vols. 1-2. June, 1831-May, 1833. 
 2 v. F *. 
 Organ of Maine S. S. Union. Edited fcjy W. Cutter. 
 
 Portland Transcript (w). Aug. 1, 1840. 
 
 With Maine Cultivator, 1831-1841. Founded 1837 by Charles P. 
 Ilsley. 
 
 Portland Tribune (w). Vol. 4. Apr., 1844-Apr., 1845. F*. 
 
 Published by Tucker, Sumner & Co. till Sept., 1844 ; then by Plummer, 
 Cushing & Co. Edited by Daniel C. Colesworthy. 
 
 Yankee. 
 
 See Yankee, and Boston Literary Gazette, under Boston, Mass. 
 
 Youth's Monitor (w). Vol. 2. June, 1841-May, 1842. F. 
 Published by Daniel C. Colesworthy. 
 
 Rockland 
 
 Democrat and Free Press (w). Oct. 17, 1860. 
 
 Thomas ton 
 
 Humanity (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Dec, 1898. 
 Organ of Industrial Brotherhood. 
 
 6— N. C. [81] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Maine, continued: 
 
 Winthrop 
 
 Maine Fabmeb and Journal of Useful Arts (w). 1840-41. F. 
 
 Founded 1832. Published (1840-41) by Noyes & Robbing, and edited 
 by E. Holmes. 
 
 Wiscasset 
 
 Lincoln Intelligences (w). Aug. 13, 1824. 
 
 With Eastern, Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Established by John Dorr, 
 1821 ; suspended, 1835. 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Annapolis 
 
 Maryland Gazette (w). Apr-Dec, 1760; 1762. F*. Jan.-Sept., 1765; 
 1767; Oct., 1781-June, 1783; 1784. 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded by Jonas Green (1745) as organ of provincial government; 
 succeeded (1839) by St. Mary's Gazette; same press used in printing 
 this paper from 1745 to 1848. Published by J. G. King, 1870-88 ; sinco 
 then by I*. K. Porter. Democratic. 
 
 Same. June 21, 28, 1792; Aug. 27, 1795. 
 
 With M<t. ana Ya. Newspapers, 1792-1795. 
 
 Same. Dec. 23, 1824. 
 
 Maryland Republican (w). 1809, 5 nos. Fs. 
 
 With Baltimore Whin, 1809. Founded 1809 by John W. Butler. Is- 
 sued weekly, except during Maryland Assembly, then semi-weekly. Pub- 
 lished by George Colton (with L. V. Colton most of the time), 1870-85; 
 George Brock, 1886 ; Annapolis Pub. Co., 1887-91 (Ridgeley & Melvin, 
 editors) ; George T. MeJvin, 1802 ; Robert Moss and F. Eugene Wathen, 
 1892-96 ; Wathen. 1897-1908. Bought (Apr., 1908) by W. Meade Hol- 
 liday and merged with Advertiser ; since published by him as Advertiser- 
 Republican. Democratic. 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 American and Commercial Daily Advertiser. Jan.-June, 1806; June- 
 Dec, 1810, 40 nos.; Jan.-Feb., 1811; Jan.-June, 1814. 3 T. F«. 
 Mar., 1861-June, 1864. 5 v. Fs. Jan. 18, 1865. 
 
 Established May, 1799, by Alexander Martin ; in its columns was pub- 
 lished (Sept. 21, 1814) the song "Star-Spangled Banner" previously 
 printed as a broadside (probably on Sept. 15). Published since 1870 by 
 Charles C. Fultcn & Co. — Felix Agnus, manager. Republican. 
 
 Daily Chbistian Advocate. May 1-June, 1876. Fs. 
 
 Organ of General Conference of Methodist Episcopal Church ; edited by 
 W. H. De Puy. 
 
 [82] 
 
Maryland 
 
 Morning Chronicle and Baltimore Advertiser (d). Apr., 1819-Apr., 
 1820; Oct., 1820-Oct, 1821; Apr., 1822-Apr., 1823. 5 v. F<i. 
 
 Founded Sept., ISIS, Paul Allen, editor ; continued as Commercial 
 Chronicle, 1825 ; some time after 1840, merged in American. 
 
 Maryland Churchman (m). Apr., 1893-Nov., 1894. F. Jan., 1895- 
 Nov., 1897. Q. 1898-Sept, 1899. 
 
 Founded 1886 as organ of Md. Diocese. Conducted by Bishop William 
 Paret until 1890. No later mention in directories. Protestant Episco- 
 pal. 
 
 Civil Service Reformer (m). Vols. 1-2. 1885-86. F. 
 
 Founded by Civil Service Reform Assn. of Maryland, Jan., 1885 ; pub- 
 lished by J. Hemsley Johnson till 1892. See also Good Government, un- 
 der Washington, D. C. 
 
 Baltimore Clipper (d). Sept. 29, 1860; July-Aug., 1861, 9 nos. F«. 
 
 Founded 1839 by J. H. Hewitt; succeeded by Bait. Daily Commercial, 
 Oct., 18(55. 
 
 Same (w). Apr. 20, 1861. 
 
 Cbitio (w). Vols. 1-5. June, 1888-1890; 1891-Feb., 1892 (incomp.); 
 1893, 4 nos. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1888 by J. G. Schonfarber and — Johnson ; edited by 
 former till its suspension, 1893. Labor. 
 
 Fackel (q). 1852. Q. 
 
 Conducted by Samuel Ludvigh. 
 
 American Farmer (m). July, 1845-June, 1847; 1876-80 (incomp.); 
 1881. Indexed. 5 v. O. 
 
 Established Apr., 1819, as successor of Maryland Censor, by John S. 
 Skinner, postmaster of Baltimore. Now published (s-m) at Washington, 
 with branch office at Baltimore. The first agricultural journal in United 
 States. 
 
 Same (w). Mar. 29, 1822. 
 
 With Southern and Western Local newspapers, 1821-28. 
 
 American Farmer (m). Vol. 3. 1847. O. 
 
 See same title, under Washington, D. C. [Transferred to TJ. W. Agric. 
 Library.] 
 
 Baltimore Free Press (w). July, 1887-Jan., 1889. F«. 
 
 Founded 1883 as Labor Free Press, by George S. Stuart and J. Fred 
 Boxbrough, and conducted by them till 18S9 ; Eoxbrough, 1889-91; E. S. 
 Judge, 1891-98. No later mention in directories. Independent. 
 
 Dunlap's Maryland Gazette (w). Feb. 20, 1776. 
 
 With Maryland Journal, 1774-76. Founded 1775 by John Dunlap of 
 -Philadelphia; suspended. 1779. 
 
 [83] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Baltimore, Md., continued: 
 
 Federal Gazette and Baltimore Daily Advertiser. 1796; Jan-June, 
 Dec. 21, 1797; 3 v. Ps. Aug.-Dec, 1799; 1801; Jan.-Majr, Dec., 
 1802 (incomp.); Jan.--June, 1803; Jan.-June, 1804; Nov.-Dec, 
 1808; 1816, 3 nos.; Apr.-Oct., 1820. 7 v. Fs. 
 
 Successor of Federal Intelligencer; continued as Bait. Gazette, 1825— 
 37. 
 
 Granite Cutters' Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Washington, D. C- 
 
 Hamrleton & Co.'s Weekly Letter. May 25, 1907+ O. 
 Financial News. 
 
 Federal Intelligencer and Baltimore Daily Gazette. Nov.-Dec., 1794; 
 
 July-Dec, 1795, 16 nos. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 First daily in Baltimore : established Oct., 1791 by David Graham as 
 Bait. Daily Repository; continued as Bait. Daily Intelligencer (1793), 
 Federal Intelligencer (1794), and Federal Gazette (1796). 
 
 Jewish Comment (w). Feb.-Dec, 1910. F*. 
 
 Founded 1895 by Jewish Comment Co., and still conducted by them. 
 
 Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser (w; s-w, Feb., 1783). 
 1774-76, 5 nos.; Oct., 1781-July, 1783; 2 v. F*. 1795. 3 nos. 
 Founded Aug., 1773, by William Goddard, who originated (1774) our 
 present national postal system ; declared in first issue to be "free and 
 of no party;' - conducted till 1785 by his sister, Mary K. Goddard, post- 
 mistress of Baltimore for fifteen years ; suspended, 1797. 
 
 Same. No. 1. Aug. 20, 1773. 
 
 With Fa. Gazette, 1773. 
 
 Labor Leader Cw). Jan., 1907+ Fa. 
 
 Founded 1902. Now published by Labor Leader Pub. Co. ; edited by 
 Edward Hirseh. 
 
 Mabtlander (s-w; d). Dec., 1827-Jan., 1829. Fa. 
 
 Established Dec, 1827, in support of John Q. Adams's presidential can- 
 didacy. Edited by Edward C. Pinckney. Merged in Chronicle, Jan., 
 1829. 
 
 Merchant (d). July-Nov., 1837. 2 v. F». 
 
 Founded 1S37. Edited by Duff Green and printed by W. N. Moore 
 & Co. Issued also a "country paper," The Rejormer, edited by Richard 
 E. Crall'e. 
 
 Monument (w). Oct., 1836-Sept., 1838. Indexed. F. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1830, by David Creamer. Styled Bait. Monument, com- 
 mencing Oct., 1837. Issue of Sept. 29, 1838, announces future issue as 
 a monthly, with T. S. Arthur as associate editor. 
 
 Nationalist (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Jan., 1892. 
 
 Nemesis (irreg.). 1884, 3 nos. 
 
 [84] 
 
Maryland 
 
 Maryland News-Sheet (d). Apr. 5, 9, 1862. 
 
 Niles' Weekly Register. Vols. 1-75. Sept., 1811-June, 1849. Indexed. 
 63 v. Q; F. 
 
 Founded by Hezekiah Niles, formerly editor of Bait. Evening Post; 
 styled Weekly Register, Sept., 1811 — Mar., 1814; continued as Niles' 
 Weekly Register to Sept., 1837, thereafter as Niles' National Register; 
 published at Washington, D. C, Sept., 1837 — May, 1839 ; suspended Mar. 
 -June, 1848; resumed at Phila., July, 1848; suspended June, 184!). 
 Indexed by John Neal. 
 
 Open Lettee (m). Oct., 1903. Q. 
 
 Baltimore Pateiot and Commercial Gazette (d). Nov. 24, 1846; Oct. 
 17, 1849. 
 See Bait. Pat. and Evening Advertiser. 
 
 Baltimore Patriot and Evening Advertiser (d). 1813. 2 v. F». 
 1814-15. 4 v. F». June, 1836-Feb., 1837. F». 
 
 Founded Sept., 1812, by Isaac Monroe and Ebenezer French, to support 
 Madison's administration : suspended during Civil War. Styled Balti- 
 more Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser, 1836-37; later (1846), Bait. 
 Pat. and Commercial Gazette, q. v. 
 
 Baltimore Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser (d). 1836. F«. 
 See Bait. Pat. and Evening Advertiser. 
 
 Baltimore Evening Post (d). Sept., 1808-Mar., 1809; Mar-May, 1810; 
 May 4, 1811. 2 v. Fa. 
 
 Established March. 180S, by J. Cook & Co. ; edited by Hezekiah Niles, 
 1806-11 ; suppressed by Federal military authorities, 1864 ; finally sus- 
 pended, 1868. 
 
 Republican, or Anti-Democrat (d; tri-w, July). Jan.-Mar., July-Dec., 
 1802. F». 
 Established by Prentiss & Cole, 1802 ; suspended, 1803. 
 
 Federal Republican (tri-w). 1808, 9 no®. Fb. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1808. Edited by Alexander C. Han- 
 son ; so bitter in its opposition to War of 1812-15, that in the summer of 
 1812 the office was twice destroyed by a mob. 
 
 Federal Republican and Baltimore Telegraph (d). Oct., 1821-Apr., 
 1822. 2 v. F e. 
 Founded 1810. Published (1821-22) by Frederick G. Schaeffer. 
 
 South (d). May, 1861-Feb., 1862. F«. 
 
 Edited by Thomas W. Hall Jr. ; "devoted to the South, Southern Rights, 
 and Secession;" suspended by Federal military authorities, Feb., 1S02. 
 
 Sun (d). Dec. 23, 1844; 1845-May, 1847 (incomp.) ; June, 1847-June, 
 1848. 3 v. F». Vols. 30, 42-51. Nov., 1851-Mar., 1852; 1854- 
 56; Nov., 1857-May, 1863. 17 v. Fa. 
 
 First one-cent daily in Baltimore ; established May, 1837, by Arnnah S. 
 Abell of Phila. Puolic Ledger; organized first carrier-pigeon express; re- 
 
 [85] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Baltimobe, Md., continued: 
 
 ceived first presidential message sent by telegraph, May, 1846 ; first to 
 announce to TJ. S. government the capitulation of Vera Cruz, Apr., 1847 ; 
 occupied (1851) first iron building erected in U. S. ; first paper to make 
 successful use of type revolving presses CI 852); introduced carrier sys- 
 tem into Baltimore. Conducted by Abell, with William M. Swain and 
 Azariah H. Simmons of Ledger as partners, till 1868, when Abell be- 
 came sole owner. Since his death, 1888, owned by his sons. Indepen- 
 dent. 
 
 Baltimore Weekly Sun. 1896-99. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Telegraph and Daily Advertiser. July-Dec, 1805. F«. 
 Successor of Bait. Telegraph, founded 1795. 
 
 Baltimore TJndebwbiteb (m). Nov., 1871-Dec., 1872. Q. 
 
 Same (w). Jan.- June, 1873. F-t. July-Nov., 1873. Q. 
 
 Founded 1865. Published by Sherwood & Co. till 1872 ; Bombaugh & 
 Ransom, 1872-79 : Bombaugh. 1880-9S ; since then by James H. McClel- 
 lan. Insurance. 
 
 Whig (d). Apr., 1809-Apr., 1810. 2 v. P«. 
 Founded 1807 by B. Irvine. 
 
 Chestertown 
 
 Tax Refobm (m). Feb., Mar., 1894. 
 
 Founded 1894. 
 
 Easton 
 
 Maryland Hebald and Eastern Shore Intelligencer (w). Feb.-Oct., 
 1799. 12 nos. P«. 
 
 With Bait. Federal Gazette, 1799i Founded 1790 by James Cowan; 
 continued till 1804. 
 
 People's Monitor (w). 1813. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1809. Published (1813) by Nicholas S. Eowlinson. 
 
 Republican Stab or Eastern Shore General Advertiser (w). Sept, 
 
 1802-June, 1832. 7v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1802 by Thomas Perrin Smith, and conducted by him till his 
 death in 1832. Suspended soon after.. 
 
 EUicott's Mills 
 
 Shanghai (w). Sept., 1855-Feb., 1856. F*. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1855, by J. F. M'Anelty, and conducted by him till sus- 
 pension, Feb., 1856. Humorous. 
 
 [86] 
 
Maryland — Massachusetts 
 
 Federalsburg 
 
 Peninsula Farmer (w). Vols. 9-11. Aug., 1894-Oct., 1895. Q. 
 
 Founded 1885 by Heffron Bros., and conducted by them till 1888 ; then 
 by one of the brothers and Robert Gullck till 1895. Apparently suc- 
 ceeded by Peninsular Trucker, 1896. 
 
 Frederick 
 
 Republican Citizen (w). Sept. 6, 1861. 
 
 Frederick Examinee (w). Nov. 14, 1860; June 19, 1861. 
 
 Frederick-Town Herald (w). June, 1802-June, 1804. Fs. 
 Established by John P. Thomson, June, 180^. 
 
 Frederic Stab (w). Feb., 1903-1908. 3 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Feb., 1903, by John W. Blackstone and since published by 
 him. Independent. 
 
 Maryland Union (w). Aug., 1855-Aug., 1856; Aug., 1862-Feb., 1865; 
 Sept., 1870-Aug., 1873; Aug., 1873-Aug., 1875. 4 v. F«. 1857- 
 69, 8 nos. 
 
 Founded 1S54. Published by Charles Cole and James T. Smith, 1861- 
 July, 1863; Cole, July, 1863-1881; O. C. Warehime, 1882-87; Warehlme 
 & Page, 1888-90. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Hagarstown 
 
 Camp Record. Vol. 1, No. 1. June 27, 1861. 
 
 Published by 1st Regiment of Wisconsin Volunteers, at Camp Negley. 
 
 Torch Light (w). Aug. 10, 17, 1824. 
 
 With Southern and Western Local Newspapers, 1821-28. 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 Boston 
 
 Advent Herald, and Signs of the Times Reporter (w). Jan. 15, 1845;' 
 June 10, Aug. 12, Sept. 9, 1846. 
 
 With Second Adventist Neicspapers, 1842-47. Founded March, 1840, by 
 Joshua V. Himes and edited by him till Nov., 1842 ; then by Himes and 
 Sylvester Bliss. Himes seems to have continued on paper till 1858, Bliss 
 till his death in 1863. Apollas Hale was also editor for a time, and 
 John M. Orrock from 1870-73. Styled Signs of the Times till Feb., 
 1844. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Boston Daily Advertiser. Mar-May, 1813; Oct., 1813-Nov., 1814; May- 
 Nov., 1815; 1818; Sept., 1819-Feb., 1821; Sept., 1821-Feb., 1822; 
 Sept., 1822-Feb., 1823. 11 v. F b. 1827-35, scat, nos.; 1840;| 
 
 [87] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 July, 1841-1842. 7 v. F«. Jan.-June, 1843; Jan.-June 1844; 
 
 Jan-June, 1845; 1846 (incomp.); 1847-48; May-Dec, 1849; July,. 
 
 1850-1854; July, 1857-June, 1859'; Jan-June, 1860; 1861-June, 
 
 1881; 52 v. Ft. July-Dec, 1881. Fe. 
 
 Pounded 1813 by William Warland Clapp ; edited by Horatio Bigelow 
 till Apr., 1814 ; then by Nathan Hale, first editor to make regular edi- 
 torial articles a feature of journalism ; first successful daily in New 
 England. Under Hale strong advocate of railroad building. Absorbed 1 
 successively, Chronicle, Gazette, Palladium, and Oentinel. Conducted by 
 Natban and Charles Hale till 1863. Among later editors have been Ed- 
 ward Stanwood, 1867-83 ; Edwin M. Bacon, 1883-84 : Delano A. God- 
 dard, 1884-87; William E. Barrett, 1888-1908; since then n. S. Under- 
 wood. Strong political bias — first Federalist ; later Whig, supporting 
 Webster all through ; now Republican. 
 
 Boston Weekly Advertises. 1872, scat. nos. Fs. 1873-75 (incomp.) J 
 Jan.-Nov., 1876. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Independent Adveetisee (w). 1749. F*. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1748, by Gamaliel Rogers and Daniel Fowle, for a so- 
 ciety of gentlemen headed by Samuel Adams ; suspended, Dec, 1749. 
 
 Boston Advocate (d). 1832; May-Sept. 17, 1833; 1834. 5 t. F«. 
 
 Founded .Tan., 1832. by Benjamin P. Hallett and conducted by him 
 till June, 1834, or later. Anti-Masonic. 
 
 Advocate of Peace (m). Vol. 65. 1903; Vols. 69-70. 1907-1908. 2 v. 
 
 Q. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1834 at Hartford, Conn., for Connecticut Peace Society, by 
 William Watson. Taken over by American Peace Society in 1835, and in 
 1837 moved to Boston. Edited since 1892 by Benjamin F. Trueblood, 
 secretary of society. 
 
 Amebican Apoixo (w). Jan.-Sept., 1792; 1793, 4 nos.; 1794, 30 no*. 
 
 2 v. O; F». 
 
 Published by Belknap & Hall ; contained publications of Massachusetts 
 Historical Society; suspended Dec, 1794. 
 
 American Aechitect and Building News (w). Vols. 21-46. 1887-94- 
 
 Indexed. 26 v. F. 1895+ 
 
 Founded 1876. Published by James E. Osgood; later by Ticknor; 
 since 1S95 by Amer. Arch. & Bldg. News Co. 
 
 Atlas and Daily Bee. Sept. 11, 1840; Oct. 21, 1854 (unbound); 1859— 
 60; Jan.-June, 1861. 4 v. Ft. 
 
 Atlas founded July, 1832, by John H. Eastburn ; organ of Whig party 
 in New England : leading contributors, Henry H. Fuller, Daniel Webster, 
 Robert C. Winthrop ; first to establish horse and railroad expressed 
 throughout Massachusetts to secure election news for publication next 
 day; substituted Harrison for Webster as candidate for presidency, 1840 f 
 united with Bee ana Daily Traveller, 1857, with Samuel Bowles as edi- 
 tor; suspended a few years later. 
 
 188] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Baixou's Pictorial (w). 1855-57; July, 1858-1859. 7 v. F*. 
 Successor (1855) to Gleasons Pictorial, q. v . 
 
 Banker and Tradesman, and Massachusetts Law Reporter (w). Feb., 
 1884-Jan., 1885; Feb., 1886-Jan., 1889. 4 v. F. 
 Founded 1872. Now published by Keview and Record Co. 
 
 Banner of Light (w). 1868, scat, nos.; Jan., 1869-Aug., 1891. 12 v. 
 
 F 6. 
 
 Founded 1857. Edited by Luther Colby, 1869 (or before) -1897, with 
 John W. Day after 1893 ; Day and Harrison D. Barrett, 1897-1900 ; Bar- 
 rett, 1900-1904. No later data obtainable. Spiritualist. 
 
 Baptist Missionary (m). Vols. 75-77. 1895-97. 3 v. O. 
 See Baptist Missionary Magazine. 
 
 Baptist Missionary Magazine (m). Vols. 18, 30, 32, 60-74. 1838; 1850- 
 
 52; 1880-94. Indexed. 18 v. O. 
 
 Continuation (1817) of Massachusetts Baptist Missionary Magazine 
 (founded 1803), a general denominational journal. Styled American 
 Baptist Magazine, 1S17-36 : Baptist Missionary Magazine, 1836-95 ; Bap- 
 tist Missionary, 1895-1909 ; since then Baptist Missionary Magazine. 
 Organ of Amer. Baptist Missionary Union (in 1838, of Amer. Bapt. Board 
 of For. Missions). Since 1835 devoted entirely to missions. Edited by 
 Rev. F. P. Haggard, 1900; Stacy B. Warburton, 1910. 
 
 Boston Daily Bee. Jan.-Aug., 1856. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1831. Merged in Atlas, q. v., 3 857. 
 
 Boatswain's Whistle (d). Nov., 1864. F. 
 
 Published at National Sailors' Fair. Edited by Edward Everett, J. G. 
 Whittier, O. W. Holmes, J. B. Lowell, and others. 
 
 Bowen's Boston News-Letter (w). Vols. 1-2. Nov., 1825-Dec, 1826. 
 
 2 v. O. 
 
 Published by Abel Bowen ; gave special attention to local history ot 
 Boston and adjacent towns. 
 
 National Association of Butldees' Bulletin (a). Vol. 4. 1897-98. O. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1894. "Devoted to the ethics of associated effort." 
 Edited (1897-98), by William H. Sayward and D. B. Garnsey. No men- 
 tion in directories. 
 
 Btjixetin, devoted to ethics of associated effort (q) . 1895-98, 8 nos. O. 
 
 Monthly Bulletin of Mission of the Cakpenteb. Vol. 1, No. 1. Nov. 2, 
 1890. Q. 
 
 American Celt and Adopted Citizen (w). Jan. 18, 1851. 
 
 Centinel. 
 
 See Columbian Centinel, and Mass. Centinel. 
 
 [89] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 Columbian Centinel (s^-w). 179a; 1791-1801. 12 v. Fb. 1802-29. 
 28 v. Fe. 
 
 Successor of Mass. Centinel (q. v.) : styled Col. Centinel and Mass. 
 Federalist, Oct., 1799-Sept., 1804; conducted by Benjamin Russell till 
 Nov., 1828, when he sold to Joseph T. Adams and Thomas Hudson; 
 most influential paper in Massachusetts ; advocated protection of domestic 
 manufactures ; exerted great influence for adoption of Federal Constitu- 
 tion ; denounced War of 1812-15; originated terms "gerrymander" and 
 "era of good feelings ;" lost Influence with rise of Democratic party. 
 Absorbed N. U. Palladium, 1830 ; Boston Gazette, 1836 ; merged in Daily 
 Advertiser (q. v.), 1840. 
 
 Massachusetts Centinel (s-w). Mar., 1784-Dec, 1785. Q. Jan.-Mar. f 
 1786; Mar-Dec, 1787; 1788-89; Mar -June, 1790. 4 v. F*. 
 
 Founded March, 1784, by W. Warden and Benjamin Russell, and con- 
 ducted by them till the former's death, Mar., 1786 ; then by Russell. Sub- 
 title, Republican Journal till Oct., 1784. Continued as Columbian Cen- 
 tinel (q. v.), June, 1790. 
 
 Chebub (m). Vol. 2. 1871-72. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1871 by J. Latham & Co. ; edited by Latham. In 1875 styled 
 Cherub or Illustrated Home Guest, and published by Home Guest Co. 
 In 1876 styled Illustrated Home Guest, and published by Latham. Lit- 
 erary at first; 1876-79, advertising. No later mention in directories. 
 Published also In New York. 
 
 Cheistian Contributor and Free Missionary (w). Jan., 1846-Aug., 
 1847. F e. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1846, by Cyrus P. Grosvenor and removed by him to 
 TJtica, N. T., in April. Later united with Western Christian (founded in 
 111., 1845) as American Baptist, edited by Rev. Wareham Walker. In 
 1857 removed to New York ; edited by Walker and Rev. Nathan Browne 
 till 1858 ; Browne and John Duer, 1858-May, 1872. Then bought by Rev. 
 A. S. Patton, styled Baptist 'Weekly, and conducted by him till his death 
 in 1888. Bought by Rev. John B. Calvert, styled Christian Inquirer, and 
 conducted by him till 1895, when consolidated with Examiner. Baptist, 
 and anti-slavery. 
 
 Cheistian Endeavor World (w). Vol. 13. 1898-99 (incomp.); Vote. 
 
 14-15. 1899-1901. 2 v. F*. 
 Continuation of Golden Rule, q. v. 
 Boston Cheistian Observer (w). Vols. 1-2. Feb., 1851-July, 1852 (In- 
 comp.). 1852. Ft. 
 Founded 1851 by William Nichols. 
 Cheistian Register (w). Apr., 1821-1827. 4 v. Fs. 1828-41. 6 V. 
 . Fs. 1842-45; Feb., 1854-June, 1869. 12 v. Ft. July, 1882-97. 
 15 v. F s. 1898-1906. 9 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1821 by David Reed, and published by him till Jan., 1865 ; 
 since then by American Unitarian Assn. Among the editors have been 
 Thomas J. Mumford, 1871-79; Charles G. Ames, 1880-81; Samuel J. 
 Barrows, 1881-97 ; since then, George Batchelor. Absorbed Boston Ob- 
 server and Religious Intelligencer in 1835, and Unitarian (published at 
 Chicago by J. T. Sunderland) in 1897. Unitarian. 
 
 [90] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 ^Christian Science Monitor (d). Nov., 1909-1910. 5 v F« Nov 23 
 1911+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1908, by Christian Science Pub. Soc, and since published 
 by it. EditPd by Alexander Dodds. 
 
 "Christian science Sentinel (w). Vols. 1-2. 1898-99 (incomp.); Vola. 
 3-4. 1900-1902. F. 
 
 Founded 1898 by Christian Science Pub. Co. Edited by Septimus J. 
 and Camilla Hanna till June, 1902 ; since then by Archibald McCIellan, 
 Monthly edition styled Christian Science Journal. 
 
 Christian Witness and Church Advocate (w). Feb. 12, 1841; 1871. Fs. 
 Founded 1834. Published by A. Williams & Co., 18Y1 ; H. o. Houghton 
 & Co., 1872. No later mention in directories. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 -Boston Chronicle (w; s-w). Dec, 1767-Dec, 1768. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1767, by John Mein and John Fleming; contained let- 
 ters of "Pennsylvania Farmer" (John Dickinson) ; suspended, June, 1770, 
 because of unpopularity of its Tory sentiments. 
 
 Same (s-w). Jan., 1769- June, 1770. F4. 
 
 Independent Chronicle and Boston Patriot (d). June, 1817-Jani, 
 1827. 5 v. F5. 1828; 1832. 2 v. F«. 1833-39. 4 v. Fi. 
 See Independent Chronicle and Universal Advertiser. 
 
 Independent Chronicle and Universal Advertiser (w). Oct., 1776-1793 
 (incomp.). F4. 
 
 Same (s-w). 1794-99. 5 v. F«. 1800; 1801-1802; 1803-1804; 
 
 1805-1806; Feb.-Aug., 1808. 5 v. Fa. 1809-10; 1811-12; Mar., 
 
 1813-Mar., 1814; 1815; 1816. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Successor of A r . E. Chronicle, n. v. Published by Powers & Willis till 
 1779 ; then by Thomas Adams and John Nourse till Jan., 1790 ; Adams 
 alone, 1790-1793 : Adams and Isaac Larkin, 1793-Dec. 1797 ; Adams till 
 May, 1799 ; James White, May, 1799-May, 1800 ; Ebenezer Rhoads and 
 and Abijah Adams, May, 1800-May, 1817; then sold to Boston Patriot, 
 q. v. Intensely Republican in tone; prosecuted under Sedition Law 
 (1799). Leadiug contributors, Benjamin Austin, Thomas Greenleaf, Perea 
 Morton, diaries Jarvis. Samuel Adams, John Hancock, and others. 
 
 -New England Chronicle (w). Apr. 25-July 11, 1776, 9 nos. F*. 
 
 Continuation of Neir England Chronicle or Essex Gazette of Cam- 
 bridge, Mass., q. v. Styled .Veio England Chronicle, Apr.-Sept., 1776; 
 Independent Chronicle. Sepl.-Oct, 1776; Ind. Chron. and Universal Ad- 
 vertiser (q. v.), till Aug., 1801 or later; Ind. Chron., 1802-June, 1817; 
 Ind. Chron. and Host. Pat., June, 1817-1839 or later. 
 
 •Citizen (m). Feb.-July, 1886. Q. 
 
 !New England Crvic Federation Bulletin (m). Feb., Oct., 1906; Nos. 
 10-13. June, Dec, 1908, June, 1909, Mar., 1910. O. 
 
 [91] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 Civil Service Record (m). Vols. 1-11. May, 1881- June, 1892. In- 
 dexed. 6 v. Q. 
 
 Founded May, 1881, by Civil Service Reform Assn. of Boston and? 
 Cambridge. Edited by Arthur Hobart till Oct., 1882 ; Bancroft Davis, 
 Oct., 1882-Xug., 1883; William V. Kellen, Aug., 1883-Jan., 1886; Robert 
 P. Clapp. Jan., 188G-Feb., 1889 ; then by Richard H. Dana till June, 1892. 
 Thereafter, Civil Service Record and Civil Service Reformer (Baltimore} 
 were discontinued, and Good Government published instead by the Natl. 
 League, managed by a publication committee. See Good Government,. 
 under Washington, D. C. 
 
 Commercial Bulletin (w). 1862-64; 1868-69; 1874-June, 1877. 3 T. 
 F*. 1897-92. 
 
 Established 1859, by Curtis Guild ; specially intended to disseminate- 
 through the West information about New England and its manufactures. 
 Still published by Curtis Guild & Co. 
 
 Daily Commercial Gazette. Oct. 26, 1829. 
 
 With Eastern Local Newspapers, 1821-30. 
 
 Boston Commebcial Gazette (s-w). Mar. 5, 1821; Mar 13, 1828. 
 
 With Eastern Local Newspapers, 1821-30. 
 
 Commonwealth (w). Sept., 1862-Aug., 1886. 9 v. F«. 
 
 Same. Sunday edition, May, 1878-Mar., 1879. F<s. 
 
 Founded 1862 by James M. Stone, secretary of Emancipation League,, 
 as independent paper, advocating emancipation of negro slaves in South 
 as an act of war. Published by F. E. Kittredge, Dec, 1863-Oct., 1864 y 
 Charles W. Slack, Oct., 1864-1886 (with Henry V. Slack, as Slack & Co.,. 
 1871-78, and David Loring, as Slack & Loring, Mar., 1878-Apr., 1879) ; 
 after 1887 by Commonwealth Pub. Co. Edited by George A. Feck, 1887- 
 90; Edward Everett Hale and Frederick E. Goodrich, J 891-96. No later- 
 mention in directories. Independent, except under Peck ; during that 
 time, Republican. ' 
 
 Boston Commonwealth (w). July 5, 1890; Mar. 19, 1892; Dec. 15,1894- 
 Labor. 
 
 Commonwealth and Emancipator (w). 1851, 5 nos. Ft. 
 
 With Emancipator, 1848-50. Apparently succeeded Emancipator and' 
 Republican. 
 
 Congeeoationalist (w). 1856-59; 1867. 3 v. Ft. 189(M>2 (incomp.). 
 F«. Nov., 1892-1894. 5 v. 1895 (incomp.). 1896-97. 4 T. 
 1898. 1899 (incomp.). 1900- June, 1906. 13 v. July-Dec, 1906, 
 (incomp.). Ja'n.-June, 1908. F. 
 
 Founded 1849 by Galen James and Edward W. Fay. Edited by Revs:. 
 Edward Beecher, Joseph Haven, I. N. Tarbox, and L. D. Moore till 1851 r 
 by H. M. Dexter till his death, Nov., 1890 (except Jan., 1866-May 1,. 
 1867) ; siDce then by -Albert E. Dunning (associate editor since May,. 
 1889). Absorbed (May, 1867), Boston Recorder (q. v.), retaining 
 Recorder as sub-title. Since May, 1901, styled Oongregationalist <m<8 
 Christian world. 
 
 [92] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 -American Co-opebative News (m). Vol. 2. July, 1897- June, 1898. O. 
 Founded July, 1806, by American Co-operative News Co Edited by 
 A. L. Weatherby till Apr., 1808; by John J. Kennealy, Apr -Oct De- 
 voted to Rochdale plan of co-operation. No later mention in directories. 
 
 .New England Coubant (w). June-Nov., 1722; Feb. 11, 1723 (facsim- 
 ile), 22 nos. Q. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1721, by James Franklin ; placed under censorship Jan., 
 1722, on account of attacks on government officials and clergy, and there- 
 fore issued after this in the name of Benjamin Franklin ; suspended, 1727. 
 
 ..Boston Daily Coubieb. Jan.-May, 1825; July-Dec, 1825 (exc. Sept A 
 Oct.); Aug.-Dec, 1827. 3 v. F«. Jan.-June, 1833. July-Dec* 
 1855; 1857-58; July-Dec, 1859; July, 1860<-June, 1861; Jam-June, 
 1862. 9 v. Fa. June, 1863-June, 1864. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Same. May 20, 1826. 
 
 Same (s-w). 1828-45 (incomp.). 1846. 
 
 Founded by Joseph T. Buckingham, 1824 : became an influential Whig 
 organ. Conducted by Buckingham till 1848 ; first paper in New Eng- 
 land to advocate protective tariff. 
 
 aCouBiEB de Boston (w). French. April-Oct, 1789. Q. 
 
 First American newspaper in French language ; conducted by J. Nan- 
 crede, a French instructor at Harvard University. 
 
 -Dawn (m; bi-w). Vols. 1-3. May, 1889-April, 1890; May, 1890-Nov., 
 1890; Dec, 1890-Oet, 1892. 3 v. F*; Q. 1894-96. 
 
 Founded 1889 as organ of Society of Christian Socialists. Published 
 by the society till Dec, 1890, when the editor, Rev. W. D. P. Bliss, pur- 
 chased it, in order to give it more of a political bias. Issued fortnightly 
 by him till May, 1S91, then monthly till June, 1892. Suspended July- 
 Oet. when one number was issued. No later mention in directories. 
 Christian Socialist. 
 
 Datspeinq (m). 1842-46 (incomp.). F*. 
 
 Founded 1842 by American Board of Foreign Missions. Religious. 
 
 Democrat (s-w). 1804-06, 11 nos. Fa. 
 
 With Democrat. Telegrnphe, etc., 1801-06. Successor of Const. Tele- 
 graphe, q. v. ; suspended, 1808. 
 
 Bay State Democrat (d). Aug. 25, 1840. 
 
 Same (w). Mar -Dec, 1839. F4. 
 
 With Maine Cultivator, 1839-41. Founded Mar., 1889, by Lewis Joss- 
 lyn, following a campaign organ of same name. Issued weekly till Jan., 
 1840 ; then daily, also. 
 
 Columbian Detector (s-w). Jan.-May, 1809, 12 nos. F. 
 
 Founded 1808. Absorbed (May, 1809) by Patriot, q. v. Printed "for 
 the editors" by Eben French. Republican. 
 
 Dial of the Old South Clock (d). Dec. 5-12, 1877. F. 
 Organ of Fair for the preservation of Old South Church. 
 
 [93] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 Our Dumb Animals (m). 1900-1904, scat. nos. 1905+ Q. 
 
 Pounded 1868 by George T. Angcll ; published by Massachusetts So- 
 ciety for Prevention ol Cruelty to Animals. Edited till 1909 by George- 
 T. Angell ; since then by Guy Richardson. First journal devoted to hu- 
 mane education of children, and protection of animals. 
 
 Echo (w). Oct. 21, 1877. 
 
 Emancipator (w). Sept. 8, 1842; Dec. 11, 1844; Jan., 1845-1847,-; 
 
 1848-50. 2 v. FT. 
 
 Founded 1836. Published (1842) by J. W. Alden, for Mass. Abolition 
 , Society ; edited by Joshua Leavitt. Styled Emancipator and Free Ameri- 
 can, in 1842 ; Emancipator and Weekly Chronicle, 1844-45. Published" 
 by Rev. Hiram Cummings, Oct. 15, 1845-Sept., 1846, and styled Emanci- 
 pator. From Sept., 1846-Nov., 1848, published by Curtis C. Nichols; 
 then united with Republican, as Emantipator and Republican; published? 
 by Wilson, Damrell & Co. till Dec. 1849 ; then announces merger in 
 Compass and Emancipator, to be issued daily. Edited by Leavitt till' 
 March 29, 1848 — with Joseph Lovejoy, Samuel E. Sewall, and Henry B. 
 Stanton as associates. From Sept.-Nov., 1848, styled Emancipator an* 
 Free Soil Press, and edited by C. C. Nichols, with Lovejoy, Horace E. 
 Smith and William E. Channing as associates. From Feb. to Sept., 1849, 
 edited by Henry Wilson and Lucius E. Smith, formerly of Bartford Free 
 Soil Advocate; after that, by Wilson alone. 
 
 Emerald (w). May, 1806-Oct, 1807. Indexed. 2 v. O. 
 
 Founded 1S06 by Belcher & Armstrong. Sub-title, Miscellany of Lit- 
 erature. Consolidated with Times (q. v.), Oct., 1808. 
 
 Emeth (Truth) (w). Vol. 1. 1895. 
 
 Founded 1S05 by Boston Jewish Section, S. L. P. TJ. No later mention 
 in directories. 
 
 Employer and Employed (q). Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct. 15, 1892. O. 
 
 Evekt Saturday (w). Vols. 1-17, 1866-74. 17 v. Q; F. 
 
 Founded 1866 by Fields, Osgood, & Co. Published by James R. Osgood' 
 & Co., 1871-73; by H. O. Houghton & Co., Jan.-Oct, 1874; then sus- 
 pended. 
 
 Exhibition Intelligencer (d). Sept.-Oct., 1847. Fo. 
 
 "Devoted to the fifth exhibition of mechanics, arts, and sciences, manu- 
 factures, and agricultural and commercial articles, of the Mass. Chari- 
 table Mechanic Association." This association was organized Apr., 1795, 
 as "Boston Mechanics' Association ;" its first president was Paul Revere 
 (1795-99). 
 
 American Fabian (m). Vols. 1-5. Feb., 1895-Jan., 1900. Q. 
 
 Founded 1895 by Fabian Education Co., and conducted by them till 
 suspension, Jan., 1900. Socialist. 
 
 New England Farmer (w). Vols. 7-8. Jan., 1829-July, 1830; Mar. 3^- 
 1886. F. 
 Founded 1822. Edited (1829-30) by Thomas G. Fessenden. 
 
 [94] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Massachusetts Federalist. 
 
 See Columbian Centinel. 
 
 Filswe Co-operative Association Echo (m). 1902-1904, scat. nOB.; 
 1905+ Q. 
 Organ of employes of the Filene stores. 
 
 Flag of Our Union (w). Jan. 30, 1858. 
 
 Freedom (w). Nov. 23, 1893. 
 
 Free Missionary (m). Jan.-NoV., 1845. F=. 
 
 With Chr. Contrib. and Foreign Miss., 1846-47. Founded Jan., 1844, by 
 American and Foreign Baptist Missionary Society ; edited by secretaries 
 thereof. Consolidated, Jan., 1846, with Christian Contributor, q. v. 
 Baptist. 
 
 Free Press (w). Dec, 1830-July, 1833. 63 nos. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1827 by George Griffin, as Anti-Masonic organ. New series 
 begun Dec. 3, 1830 ; published by John Adams till Jan., 1832; then by 
 Benjamin F. Hallett who also published Boston Daily Advocate and Bos- 
 ton Press, a semi-weekly edition of Free Press. After Feb., 1832, styled 
 Free Press and Boston Weekly Advocate. 
 
 Free Trade Broadside (q). Vols. 1-2. Apr., 1905-Oct, 1909. Q. 
 Edited by William Lloyd Garrison till suspension, Oct., 1909. 
 
 Freigeist (w). Vols. 1-2. Nov., 1873-Aug., 1875. F. 
 Founded Nov., 1873, by Siegel & Heintzemann. 
 
 New England Galaxy and Masonic Magazine (w). Oct., 1817-Oct., 
 1819. Ps. Oct., 1819-Sept, 1829; 1831-33. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Founded by J. T. Buckingham ; continued by Theophilus Parsons, 1828 ; 
 Edward G. Prescott, 1831-Apr., 1833 ; then by William J. Snelling. 
 Styled N. E. Galaxy, 1821'. 
 
 Boston Gazette (w). Feb.-Nov., 1724; Apr-Dec, 1725; 1726; 1727-2& 
 6 v. F. 1730-31. 2 v. F*. 1732-33, 12 nos.; June-Aug., 1734; 
 June-Aug., 1735, 7 nos.; Oct.-Dec, 1736; 1741, 27 nos. 4 v. Q. 
 Mar. 12, 1770. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1719, by William Brooker, postmaster of Boston; con- 
 ducted by him a few weeks, and thereafter till 1739 by successive city 
 postmasters (Philip Musgrave, Thomas JLewis, Henry Marshall, and John, 
 Boydell). Purchased by Samuel Kneeland and Timothy Green (1741), and 
 united with A r . 111. W'eelcly Journal (q. v.). Published by them till Dec, 
 1852 ; by Kneeland alone, 1853-Apr., 1855. Continued by Benjamin Edes 
 and John Gill, 1755-Apr. 17, 1775, when paper was moved to Watertown, 
 and there published till Oct., 1776. Chief organ of Revolutionary party. 
 Members of Boston Tea Tarty met at Edes's house. Only paper revived 
 in Boston after British evacuation. Conducted by Edes till 1798 (with 
 his sons Benjamin and Peter, 1779-1794). Styled Bost. Caz. or N. E. 
 Weekly Journal, 1741; Bost. (last, or Weekly Journal (q. v.), 1741-52;. 
 Bost. Was. or Weekly Advertiser l.q. v.), 1753-55; Bost. Oaz. or Country 
 Journal, 1755-56; Bost. Oaz. and Country Journal (q. v.), 1756-93; 
 Bost liaz. and Weekly Republican Journal (q. v.), 1794-98. 
 
 [95] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 ^Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 Boston Gazette (s-w). 1801; 1802; Mar., 1803-Feb., 1804; Mar., 1804- 
 Feb., 1805; 1805; J806; Oct., 1807-Dec, 1808; 1810-13; 1816. 
 12 v. F5. 
 
 Same. 1802-12, scat. nos. Fs. 
 
 Merged in Columbian Centinel, 1836. See Russell's Gazette. 
 
 Saturday Evening Gazette (w). Oct., 1856-Dec., 1857. F*. 1858-65. 
 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1814, as Evening Gazette and General Advertiser, q. y. 
 Owned by William Warland CJapp, 1817-47 ; then by W. W. Clapp Jr., 
 till 1865 (associate editors, 1856-57, A. Wallace Thaxter and B. P. 
 SWllaber). Conducted by B. G. Goodsell in 1870; Henry G. Parker, 
 1871-93 ; since then by Evening Gazette Co. Edited by William Baker, 
 1894; John W. Ryan, 1895-96; E. B. Chenoweth, 1897; Dr. Philip 
 Woolf, 1898-1903. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Boston Gazette and Country Journal (w). 1755, 21 nos. F*. 1756, 
 12 nos.; 1757, 22 nos.; 1758, 42 nos.; 1759-60. 5 v. F«. 1761, 
 
 21 nos.; 1762, 28 nos.; 1764, 18 nos.; 1765, 24 nos.;' 1766; 1767-70, 
 28 nos.; 1771-73, 21 nos.; 1772-73; Jan.-Apr., 1774; July-Dec, 
 1776; 1777, 35 nos.; 1778, 33 nos.; 1779; Jan.-Sept, 1780. 11 T. 
 F*. 1782-90, 28 nos.; 1791-93, 11 nos. Fs. 
 
 See Boston Gazette (w). 
 
 Evening Gazette and General Advertiser (w). Aug., 1814-Sept., 1815. 
 F<5. Sept., 1815-Aug., 1816; 1829-30. Fa. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1814, by William Burdick, and conducted by him till 
 Mar., 1817. Then sold to W. W. Clapp (formerly of Hampshire Gazette, 
 Northampton) and conducted by him till 1847. After Aug. 17, 1816, 
 styled Boston. Intelligencer and Morning and Evening Advertiser, q. v. 
 See also Saturday Evening Gazette. 
 
 Boston Gazette or Weekly Advertiser. 1753-54, 12 nos. Q. 
 See Boston Gazette (w). 
 
 Boston Gazette or Weekly Journal. 1747, 13 nos. F. 1748, 15 nos. 
 F*. 1749, 9 nos. F. 
 See Boston Gazette (w). 
 
 Boston Gazette and Weekly Republican Journal. 1794, 22 nos.; 1795, 
 
 22 nos.; 1796-98, 3 nos. F«. 
 Suspended, 1798. See Boston Gazette (w). 
 
 Massachusetts Gazette (w). Jan 2, 1766. (follows Dec. 30, 1765, ol 
 Boston Gazette and Country Journal; Oct. 27, 1768. 
 With Evening Post, 1769. See Boston Weekly Hews Letter. 
 
 Massachusetts Gazette (w). Jan.-July, 1786. Fb. 
 
 Published by Samuel Hall ; later, by J. W. Allen. See Salem Gazette, 
 Salem, 
 
 [96] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 - Same (s-w). Aug., 1786-Oct, 1788. Partly indexed. 2 v. F4. 
 
 Massachusetts Gazette and Boston Post Boy (w). Jan., 1774-Apr., 
 1775. F». 
 See Boston, Post Boy and Advertiser. 
 
 Massachusetts Gazette and Boston Post Boy and Advertiser. Nov. 5, 
 1771. 
 
 With Boston Gazette and Country Journal, 1771. See Boston Post 
 Boy and Advertiser. 
 
 Massachusetts Gazette and Boston Weekly News-Letter. Feb., 1770- 
 1771. Partly indexed. F*. 
 
 Successor of Boston Weekly News-Letter, q. v. Suspended, 1776. For 
 explanation of confusion of titles between this publication and Mass. 
 Gazette and Boston Post Boy, see Colon. Soc. Publications of Massachu- 
 setts, pp. 484-492. 
 
 Gazetteer. 
 
 See Republican Gazetteer. 
 
 Repubican Gazetteer (s-w). 1803. Fs. 
 
 Successor of Constitutional Telegraphe, q. v. Continued as Gazetteer 
 (April, 1803), and later as Democrat, q. v. 
 
 Gleason's Pictorial (w). 1853-54, 5 nos. 
 
 With Illustrated Newspapers, 185:1-73. Founded in 1851. First illus- 
 trated paper in TJ. S. ; edited by Maturin M. Ballou (with Francis A. 
 Durivage as assistant editor). Succeeded, 1855, by Ballou's Pictorial, 
 which was in turn succeeded (Jan., 1860) by Welcome Guest with the 
 same editors. 
 
 Gleason's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion (w). Vols. 1-3, 5-8. 
 May, 1851-June, 1855 (exc. Jan.-June, 1853). 7 v. F*. 
 
 Boston Daily Globe. 1873-77, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 Founded 1872. Managed since 1873 by Charles H. Taylor. Among 
 editors have been Maturin M. Ballou (1872-74) and Edwin M. Bacon 
 (1873-78). Independent. 
 
 Golden Rule (w). Dec, 1889-Sept, 1891 (incomp.); Vols. 6-11. 1891- 
 97. 6 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1875 by Golden Kule Co. Published by H. A. Shorey and 
 Charles W. Baldwin, 1880-81 ; Golden Rule Newspaper Co. 1882-85 ; 
 Stillman A. Tucker, 1886-88 ; since then by Golden Rule Co. Edited by 
 W. H. H. Murray. 1875-79 ; W. 11. Merrill, 1880-81 ; F. H. Kasson, 1882- 
 86 (except 1883, by E. B. Sanford) ; since then by Francis E. ClarS. 
 Styled Christian Endeavor World since 1898. Christian Endeavor Soc 
 
 Good Government (w). Feb. 13, 1901. 
 
 Helping Hand (m). Vols. 7-21. 1878-92. 16 v. in 3. F. Vols. 22-26. 
 1892-97. 3 v. D. Vols. 25-34. 1898-1907. 3 v. O. 1908+ 
 
 Organ of Woman's Baptist Missionary Society ; founded 1872 ; absorbed 
 Macedonian (established 1842). 
 
 7— N. C. [ 97 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 > 
 
 American Herald (w). 1785-87. 3 v. Fb. 
 
 Established by Edward K. Powars (formerly of Independent Chronicle), 
 Oct , 17S1 ; removed to Worcester, 1788, and styled American Herald and 
 Worcester Recorder. Continued there 14 months. 
 
 Heraij> (d). Oct. 2», 1856; July 6, 1857. 
 
 Boston Herald (d). 1893-Jan., 1904. 67 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1846. Published by H. M. Pulsifer & Co., 1870-88; since 
 then by Herald Co., edited by John H. Holmes. Independent. 
 
 Herald of Freedom (s-w). Jan.-July, 1790. F*. 
 
 Established 1788 by Freeman & Andrews ; afterwards continued as 
 Argus. 
 
 Howard Gazette and Boston Evening Herald (w). Oct, 1823-June, 
 1824. F e. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1823, as organ of protest against imprisonment for debt, 
 and like abuses. Suspended June 12, 1824. Subtitle changed to Mid- 
 dling Interest Herald, Apr., 1824. 
 
 Boston Ideals (w). Vols. 17-27. 1900-1906 (incomp.). Fs. 1907+ 
 Founded 1892 by Ideas Pub. Co., and since published by them. Edited 
 by C. T. Pillsbury, 1894-1906 or later. Literary and news. 
 
 Index (w). Oct.-Dec., 1872. 1873-79 1 . Indexed. 7 v. F*. Jan.- 
 Apr., 1880. May, 1883-Dec, 1886. Indexed. 3 v. F. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1870, at Toledo, O. Edited by Francis E. Abbot, 1870- 
 1880 ; William J Potter and Benjamin F. Underwood, as organ of the 
 Free Religious Association, Oct., 1881-Dec, 1886. Then succeeded by 
 Open Court (Chicago!. "Free religion." 
 
 Industrial Leader (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. Nov. 1, 1890. 
 
 Boston Intelligencer and Morning and Evening Advertiser (w). Aug., 
 1816-Aug., 1817 (incomp.). Fs. Aug., 1817-Oct, 1818. F«. 
 See Evening Gazette and General Advertiser. 
 
 Boston Intelligencer and Evening Gazette. Nov., 1818-Aug., 1819. F*. 
 With Eve. Gazette and Gen. Advertiser, q. v. 
 
 Boston Evening Journal (d, s-w, and w). Feb., 1863-Dec, 1865. 6 v. 
 Fl 1873. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Same (d). July, 1845-1849. 9 v. F. July, 1856-June, 1857; 
 
 July, 1862-Feb., 1863. 3 v. F'. 
 
 Established 1833; editor, John S. Sleeper ("Hawser Martingale"); 
 published by Charles O. Kogers, 1841-69 ; Journal Newspaper Co., 1870- 
 1902 ; since then by F. A. Munsey. Now a morning paper. See also. 
 Eve. Mercantile Journal. 
 
 Boston Morning Journal (d). Dec. 4, 27, 1856; Apr. 27, Oct. 26, 27, 
 Nov. 20, 1860; 1861-66. 4 v. F?. June 11, 1857. 
 See Evening Journal. 
 
 [98] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Continental Journal and Weekly Advertiser. 1776-77, 14 nos.; May- 
 Dec, 1779-80; 1781, 20 nos. 5 v. F*. May, 1785-May, 1786. 
 F». Jan. 1, Apr. 2, 1788. 
 
 Founded May, 1776, by John Gill, formerly of Boston Gazette (q. v.), 
 and conducted by him till 1785. Then sold to J. D. Griffith and con- 
 ducted by him till close ot 1787. No later numbers known. 
 
 Fireside Journal (w). Jan.-Feb., 1855. F«. 
 
 With American Traveller, 1851-58. Founded Jan., 1855, by Blanchard 
 & Church. 
 
 Evening Mercantile Journal (d). Jan.- June, 1835; Jan.-June, 1837; 
 Jan.-Sept., 1838, scat, nos.; Oct., 1838-June, 1845. 13 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1833 by Ford & Damrell ; afterwards published by Sleeper & 
 Rogers — John B. Sleeper, editor. After Apr. 1, 1845, styled Boston 
 Evening Journal, q. v. 
 
 New England Weekly Journal. Oct.-Dec., 1727; 1728, 32 nos.; 1730, 
 31 nos.; 1738, 32 nos.; 1739-41, 6 nos. 4 v. F4. 
 
 Founded by Samuel Kneeland, Mar., 1727. Leading contributors, Rev. 
 Mather Byles, Rev. Thomas Prince, and perhaps Governor Burnet ; In- 
 fluenced by Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefleld; united (1741) with 
 Boston Gazette, q. v. 
 
 Journal of Missions (m). Sept., 1853. 
 
 Boston Knight (w). 1886, 4 nos. 
 
 Labor (w). 1894-96, 10 nos. F«. 
 
 Labor-Balance (m). Jan., 1878. 
 
 Central Labok Bulletin. Apr. 16, 1887. l 
 
 Labor Leader (w). Aug., 1887-Mar., 1896. 7 v. Fo. 
 
 Founded 1887 by Leader Pub. Co. — George E. McNeil, manager. Con- 
 ducted by them about a year : then by Frank K. Foster till 1897. Suc- 
 ceeded (1S97) by Licerator, q. v. 
 
 Labor Standard (w). Oct. 12, 1878. 
 
 Labor World (w). Feb. 14, 1891. 
 
 Ladies' Afternoon Visitor (w). Dec, 1806-Feb., 1807 Q. 
 
 With Boston Magazine, 1805-06. Founded Dec, 1806, by Ebenezer 
 French. Suspended Feb., 1807. 
 
 Latimer Journal and North Star (tri-w). Nov. 14, 1842. 
 
 With Dayspring, 1842-46. Published during continuance of the 
 George Latimer (fugitive slave) case in courts of Boston. Anti-slavery. 
 
 Monthly Leader. Nov., 1901; Dec, 1902. 
 
 Independent Ledger and American Advertiser (w). July 20, 1778; 
 
 May 10, 1779; Oct. 16, 1780. 
 
 With Continental Journal (1779) and Independent Chronicle (1780). 
 Founded June, 1778, by Edward Draper and John W. Folsom. Published 
 by them till Nov., 1783 ; then by Folsom till Oct., 1786. No later num- 
 ber known. 
 
 [99] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 Lend a Hand (m). 1886-93, scat. nos. O. 
 
 Founded 1886 by Lend a Hand Co., and published by them till 1889; 
 by J. Stillman Smith & Co., 1890-96. Edited by Edward B. Hale. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Libebatob (w). 1831-35, 27 nos.; 1833. 2 v. Fs. 1836. F«. 1837- 
 65. 15 v. Fr. 
 Organ of Abolition party; edited by William Lloyd Garrison. Vol. for 
 ,1833 contains autograph inscription by Garrison. Anti-slayery. 
 
 Libebatob (w; m). 1897-1900, scat, nos.; 1902, 3 nos.; Sept., 1904. 
 O; F«. 
 
 Succeeded Labor Leader, q. v. Published by Liberator Pub. Co. — 
 editor, Frank K. Foster. No longer published. 
 
 Libeett (s-ni; m.). Vols. 1-14. 1881-Nov., 1905 (incomp.). (bl-m; 
 w.). Feb., 1906-Apr., 1908. F; S. 
 
 Founded 1881 by Benjamin R. Tucker. Moved to New York in 1892, 
 and published weekly till suspension, Apr., 1908. Anarchist. 
 
 Literary. World (bi-w; m; bi-w). Vols. ,7-29. 1876-1898. 23 v. Q. 
 Founded 1870 by S. B. Crocker, and conducted by him till 1876; later 
 published by E. H. Hames & Co. Edited by Edward Abbott, 1877-88; N. 
 P. Oilman and Huntington Smith, 1889-95 ; Abbott, 1896-1903. No 
 later data obtainable. 
 
 Family Lyceum (w). July, 1832-Aug., 1833. F*. 
 
 Founded July, 183a, by Josiah Holbrook, to present facts of science In 
 popular form. Illustrated. 
 
 American Magazine of Useful and Entertaining Knowledge (m). 
 Sept., 1834-Aug., 1836. Indexed. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1834, by Boston Bewick Co. Managed by Freeman 
 Hunt. 
 
 Boston Weekly Magazine. Oct., 1803-Apr., 1805; Oct., 1805-Apr., 1806. 
 ^Indexed. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1803, by Gilbert & Dean, and conducted by them till 
 Oct., 1805 ; Joshua Belcher and Samuel T. Armstrong, Oct., 1805-Apr., 
 1806. Styled Boston Magazine after Oct., 1805. 
 
 Boston Weekly Magazine. Vols. 1-3. Sept., 1838-Sept., 1841. In- 
 dexed. 2 v. F. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1838, by D. H. Ela and J. B. Hall. After May 22, 
 1841, published by C. P. Johnson, till bought by Bradbury & Soden and 
 merged in Boston Miscellany, Sept., 1841. 
 
 Boston Daily Mail. Jan.-June, 1846 (very incomp.). Fs. 
 
 Founded 1840. Published (1846) by Edward C. Purdy and John N. 
 Bradley. 
 
 Mbxlen's Magazine (m). 1904-1905, 5 nos. O. , 
 
 [100] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Massachusetts Mercury (tri-w; s-w, Aug., 1793). 1793-96, 51 nos.; 
 1797-98; Apr-Dec., 1800. 4 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded Jim.,- 1793, by Alexander Young and Samuel Etheridge ; 
 among contributors, Fisher Ames and Dr. Josiah Bartlett; continued as 
 Mercury, Aug., 1793-Dec, 1795. See Mercury and N. E. Palladium. 
 
 Mebctjby and New England Palladium (s-w). 1801-02; Jan.-Mar., 1803. 
 3 v. F«. 
 
 Successor of Mass. Mercury; continued as A\ E. Palladium, Mar., 1803. 
 
 Weekly Messenger. Oct., 1811-Oct, 1812; Oct., 1812-Feb., 1814; Jan. 
 
 1814-Oct, 1815. Indexed. 3 v. F s. 
 
 Published by James Cutler. Edited by Nathan Hale, 1811-14. See 
 Host, weekly Messenger. 
 
 Boston Weekly Messenger Oct., 1815-June, 1820. 5 v. Q. June, 
 
 1820-May, 1823; Jan., 1824-Jan., 1826; Nov., 1828-May, 1830, 
 
 18 nos.; June, 1830- Jan., 1831. Indexed. 3 v. Fe. 
 
 Continuation of Weekly Messenger ; published by Nathan Hale, In con- 
 nection with the Daily Advertiser, after Oct., 1815. 
 
 Missionary Herald (m). Vols. 1-105. 1806-1909. 102 v. O. 1910+ 
 Vols. 1-16 styled Panoplist, q. v. Conducted by Rev. Isaac R. Wor- 
 cester, 1857-1879; by Rev. E. E. Strong, 1879-1906; since then by Rev. 
 William E. Strong. 
 
 Municipal Rights (w). Nov. 7, 1885. 
 Founded 1885. 
 
 New Age (w). Nov., 1876-Feb., 1877. F*. 
 
 With Amer. Spiritualist, 1872-77. Founded 1875 by John M. L. Bab- 
 cock, and conducted by him till 1879. No later mention in directories. 
 Spiritualist. 
 
 New England Affairs. 1689. 
 
 Facsimile reproduction of the first attempt at newspaper publication on 
 the American continent. Printed by Samuel Green. 
 
 New Ideal (m). July, 1889; Oct., 1890. 
 
 New Nation (w). 1891-93; Jan.-Feb., 1894. Indexed. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Edited by Edward Bellamy, author of "Looking Backward ;" organ of 
 Nationalists ; suspended, 1894. Socialist. 
 
 Boston News (d). July, 1892-June, 1883. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1891 by News Pub. Co., and conducted by them till suspen- 
 sion, June, 1893. 
 
 Same. Sept. 7, 1891. F«. (Labor Day special.) 
 
 Boston Weekly News Letter. 1750, 4 nos.; 1756-59, 16 nos. P«. 
 
 May 14, 1741 (with Bost. Eve Post, 1741) ; May 26, 1743 (with N. B. 
 Wkly. Journ. 1739-49) ; July 7, 1748 (with 1750) ; Oct. 27, 1868 (with 
 Eve. Post. 1769). First newspaper established in America; founded in- 
 
 I 1704 by John Campbell ; published by Bartholomew Green, 1722-33 ; John 
 
 [101] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 Draper, 1733-62 ; Richard Draper, 1762-74 ; continued (1764) as Mass. 
 Gazette and Boat. Hews Letter; suspended Mar., 1776; only paper pub- 
 lished in Boston during the siege. 
 
 Newsman (m). Sept., 1884. 
 
 Non Resistant (s-m). Vols. 1-2. 1839-40. F». 
 
 Published by N. B. Non Resistance Society ; edited by Edmund Quincy, 
 Maria W. Chapman, and William Lloyd Garrison. Suspended June 29, 
 1842. 
 
 Olive Bbanch (w). Nov. 25, 1843. 
 
 Federal Obbeby (s-w) . Oct., 1794-Apr., 1796. 3 v. Fs 
 
 Founded 1794. Owned and edited by Thomas Paine ; changed to 
 Courier and Gen. Advertiser, 1796. 
 
 Oub Day (m). Vols. 1-19. 1888-1900. 19 v. O. Vols. 20-27. 1901- 
 Jan., 1910. 8 v. Q. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1888, by Our Day Pub. Co., and conducted by them till 
 1894 ; then moved to Springfield, O., and styled Our Day, the Altruistic 
 Review, and published by Altruistic Review Co. till Jan., 1896 ; then 
 moved to Chicago and styled Our Day; thereafter conducted by Frederick 
 A. Chapman. In June, 1908, merged with World's Events, q. v. Edited 
 by Joseph Cook (with Frances Willard, Edmund J. James, Anthony Com- 
 stock, and others), 1888-95; Haalitt A. Cuppy, 1895-96; since then by 
 
 F. A. Chapman. 
 
 New England Palladium (s-w). 1801-17; Sept., 1818-1820; 1828-29. 
 19 v. F6. , ,| \f.$f<ft 
 
 Founded 1784. Published and edited by Young & Minns, 1789-1828 ; 
 
 G. V. H. Forbes, Sept., 1828-Nov. 1829 ; then by E. Kingman. Styled 
 N. Jil. Palladium and Comml. Advertiser, Jan. 1815 ; merged in Columbian 
 Centinel, q. v., 1830. 
 
 Panoplist, or Christian's Armory (m). Vols. 1-3. June, 1805 — May, 
 
 1808. Indexed. 3 v. O. 
 
 Published by Lincoln & Edmands ; "conducted by an association of 
 friends to evangelical truth ;" profits devoted to mission work ; devoted 
 to religious, missionary, and literary intelligence. 
 
 Panoplist and Missionary Magazine (m). Vols. 4-13. June, 1808— 
 Dec, 1817. Indexed. 10 v. O. 
 
 * Organ of Massachusetts, Hampshire, Berkshire, Maine, and Rhode 
 
 Island missionary societies ; published by Farrand, Mallory & Co., 1808- 
 10; D. Mallory & Co., 1810-11; then by Samuel T. Armstrong. Ab- 
 
 p «orbed Massachusetts Missionary Magazine (established in 1803) May, 
 
 ) 1809. 
 
 Panoplist and Missionary Herald (m). Vols. 14-16. 1818 — Sept., 1820. 
 Indexed. 3 v. O. 
 
 Organ of American Board of Foreign Missions (first organized June, 
 1810, by appointment by General Association of Congregational churches 
 of Massachusetts) ; published by S. T. Armstrong ; continued under title" 
 of Missionary Herald, q. v. 
 
 [102] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Boston Pateoit (s-w). Mar., 1809-May, 1817. 9 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1809, by Everett & Munroe. Published in 1810 by Isaac 
 Munroe, state printer. Edited, 1817-28, by Edmund Wright, who then 
 sold his interest to John B. Davis. Styled Boat. Patriot and Morn. Ad- 
 vertiser, Mar.. 1816 ; united with Jndep. Chronicle, June, 1817, and pub- 
 lished by Davis C. Ballard and Edmund Wright. Semi-weekly edition 
 styled 7)1(7. Chron. and Boat. Pat., q. v. ; daily, Boat. Pat. and Daily 
 Chronicle, q. v. Merged in Boat. Daily Advertiser, Dec, 1831. 
 
 Boston Patriot and Daily Chronicle. Jan.-Oct, 1818; Jan.-June, 1819. 
 3 v. P«. 
 
 Continuation of Boston Patriot, q. v. Published by Ballard & Wright. 
 Continued by Boston Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser, q. v. Republi- 
 can. 
 
 Boston Patriot and Mercantile Advertiser (d). July, 1819- June, 1821; 
 1822-July, 1825; July-Dec, 1827; July, 1828-1829. 15 v. F\ 
 1826-31, odd nos. 
 Continuation of Boston Patriot and Daily Chronicle, q. v. 
 
 Monthly Trade Journal of Pattern Makers' National League of N. A. 
 (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Sept., 1891. 
 
 Boston Pearl (w). Sept., 1835-May, 1836. Indexed. P. 
 
 Founded 1831. Edited by Isaac C. Fray Jr. (after May, 1836, with H. 
 Hastings Weld). 
 
 People's Magazine (bi-w). Vols. 1-2. Mar., 1833-Mar., 1835. In- 
 dexed. 2 v. Q. 
 
 People's Paper (w). Nov -Dec, 1855. F*. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1855, by Amos B. Keith. Anti-monopoly. 
 
 Pilgrim Scrip (irreg.). Nov., 1892-June, 1898. O; Q. 
 Published by Woman's Rest Tour Association. 
 
 Boston Post (d). Tariff Reform Extra, No. 1, Aug. 4, 1888; Campaign 
 Extra, No. 3, Sept. 12, 1888. 
 
 Founded 1831 by Charles Gordon Greene, former editor of United 
 States Telegraph (Washington). Edited by him till 1875 or later; Ed- 
 win Munroe Bacon, 1886-91 ; since then by Edwin A. Grozler. 
 
 Boston Evening Post (w). 1741, 23 nos.; 1750-75, 39 nos.; 1765-66; 
 1769, 23 nos.; 1770, 17 nos.; Jan.-Feb., Apr -Nov., 1771; 1772- 
 73, 21 nos.; 1774-75, 33 nos. 8 v. F*. 
 
 Successor of Weekly Rehearsal (1731-35) ; founded Aug., 1735, by 
 Thomas Fleet (publisher of "Mother Goose's Melodies ") ; conducted by 
 him and his sons Thomas and John, as a non-partisan paper, till its sus- 
 pension, Apr., 1775. 
 
 Same. Aug. 8, 1737; June 16, 1766; Apr. 10, 1775. 
 
 First named, with N. IS. Journal, 1738 ; second, with 1750-75 ; third, 
 with fa. Gazette. 
 
 [103] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 Boston Post-Boy and Advertiser (w). Feb., 1766- Jan., 1768. 2 v. 
 
 Oct. 12, 1741 (with Boat. Gazette, 1741) ; Nov. 24, 1760 (with Boston 
 Gazette 1760) ; Nov. 11, 1765 (with Bost. Eve. Post., 1765-66). 
 Founded 1735. Published by Ellis Huske, 1735-1754 ; John Green an* 
 Joseph Russell, 1757-Apr., 1773 ; Nathaniel Mills and John Hicks, Apr., 
 1773. No number known after Apr., 1775. Styled successively, Boston 
 Weekly Post-Boy; Boston Post-Boy; Boston Weekly Advertiser; Green A 
 Russell's Boston Post-Boy and Advertiser; Boston Post-Boy and Adver- 
 tiser; Mass. Gazette, and Boston Post-Boy. For various titles and dates 
 see Colonial Society of Mass. Proceedings, ix, p. 472. 
 
 Boston Press (s-w). Feb., 1831-July, 1833, 44 nos. Ft. 
 See Free Press. 
 
 Boston Peess Whites (m). May, 1903. 
 
 Boston Pkice Current and Marine-Intelligencer (w). Sept. 9, Nov. 16, 
 1795. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. First strictly commercial 
 paper in U. S. Continued as Bussell's Gazette. 
 
 Boston Printer (w). Feb. 21, 1894. , 
 
 New England Printer (s-m). Jan. 15, 1897. 
 
 Pbinteb's Union (m). Dec, 1886. 
 
 Founded 1886. 
 
 New England Printing Trades Journal (s-m; m). Vols. 1-3. Feb., 
 1889-1901 (incomp.). Q. 
 Conducted by M. A. Murphy. No later data obtainable. 
 
 American Railway Times (w). Mar. 30, 1854. 
 
 Rebel (m). Vol. 1, Nos. 1-6. Sept., 1895-Apr., 1896. Q. 
 
 Founded 1895 as organ of anarchistic communism. Published in 1S9G 
 by H. M. Keljy and H. A. Koch ; edited by C. W. Mowbray. No later 
 mention in directories. 
 
 Boston Recorder (w). 1818-19; 1820-23; 1824, scat, nos.; 1826-28^ 
 1831-32. 6 v. Indexed. F«. 1844 (incomp.). Ft. 
 
 Founded by Nathaniel Willis, formerly of Portland Eastern Argus, and 
 Sidney E. Morse; with one exception (Chillicothe, O., Recorder, 1814-22), 
 the first religious journal in TT. S. ; styled Bost. Recorder and Telegraph 
 after 1825; merged in Congregationalist (q. v.), 1838. 
 
 Repertory (s-w). 1805-07. 2 v. Indexed. F". 1807-10. 4 v. F«. 
 1811. July 28, Nov. 5, 1818. 
 
 Founded 1804 by John Park, at Newburyport ; soon removed to Boston. 
 After July 2, 1811, published by William W. Clapp ; edited by Park, an3 
 styled Repertory and General Advertiser. 
 
 [104] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Repertory and General Advertiser (w). 1811. 
 See Repertory. 
 
 Russell's Gazette, Commercial and Political (s-w). 1797, 4 nos.; July- 
 Dec, 1799. Fe. 
 
 Published by J. Russell. Styled Boston Gazette (q. v.), commencing 
 1801. 
 
 St. Andrew's Cross. 
 
 See same title, under Chicago, 111. 
 
 Secretary (m). May, 1904. 
 Founded 1904. 
 
 Boston Sentinel (w). 1885V86, 3 nos. F. 
 
 Boston Shipping List (s-w). Nov. 8, 1862. 
 
 Shoe and Leather Reporter (w). Apr. 8, 15, 1869. 
 
 Shoe Workers' Journal (m). Vols. 1-10\ 1900-1909. 9 v. Q. 
 
 1910+ 
 
 Pounded Jan., 1900, under title Union Boot and Shoe Worker, as or- 
 gan of Boot and Shoe Workers' Union. Edited by Horace M. Eaton, 
 general secretary-treasurer, till July, 1902 ; since then by C. L. Baine. 
 "Devoted to advancement of union stamp." Styled Shoe Workers' Jour- 
 nal since July, 1902. 
 
 Signs op the Times (s-m). May 1, 1840; June 1, 1842; Jan. 11, 1843. 
 With Second Adventist Newspapers, 1842-47. Edited by Joshua V. 
 Himes ; preached immediate return of Christ to earth. 
 
 Socialist Annual. Vol. 1. 1894. O. 
 
 Sovereigns of Industry Bulletin. 
 
 See same title, under Mechanicsburg, Pa. 
 
 Boston Spectator (w). Vol. 1. 1814-Feb., 1815. F. 
 
 Founded 1814. Edited by John Park, formerly of Repertory; pub- 
 lished by Munroe & Francis. Devoted to "politics and belles lettres." 
 Opposed the War of 1812-15. Suspended Feb. 25, 1815. 
 
 Boston Weekly Spectator. 1871. F«. 
 
 Thursday edition of Advertiser, q. v. 
 
 Spiritual Philosopher (m; w). July-Dec, 1850. Q. 
 
 Founded July, 1850, by Laroy Sunderland. Spiritualism. 
 
 Massachusetts Spy (w). 1772-79, 19 nos. F«. 
 
 Conducted by Isaiah Thomas ; one of the most fearless and influential 
 papers In New England, before and during the Revolution. Established 
 in 1770 as the first tri-weekly in America ; at the end of three months 
 it became a semi-weekly, and three months later (March, 1771), a weekly 
 more frequent issues having proved unsuccessful. Styled Massachu- 
 setts Spy, or Thomas' Boston Journal, 1772. Removed to Worcester, 
 
 i Mass. (q. v.), ADr., 1775. 
 
 [105] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 Same. Sept. 15, 1770. 
 
 With Boston Evening Post, 1769. 
 
 American Statesman and City Register (s-w). 1824, 15 nos. F<\ 
 With Independent Chronicle. Published by True & Green. 
 
 International Steam Engineer. 1!M)8. 
 
 See same title, under Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Tablet (w). Nos. 1-2. May 19-26, 1795. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. "Devoted to belles-lettres ;" 
 printed by William Spotswood ; edited by Royal Tyler ("Mess. Colon & 
 Spondee," pseud.). 
 
 American Teaches (m). Sept., 1883-Mar., 1885. Q. 
 
 Consolidation (Sept., 1883) of Public School,, Primary Teacher 
 (founded 1876), Kindergarten Messenger, and Teacher's Companion. 
 Edited by Thomas W. Bicknell (of Primary Teacher), William E. Shel- 
 don, and W. H. Hailmann, till 1887; A. E. Winship and Sheldon, 1887-97; 
 since then, Winship alone. Styled American Primary Teacher since 
 1897. 
 
 Boston Telegraph (w). 1824-25. F«. 
 
 Pounded by Gerard Hallock ; merged in Boston Recorder, 1825. 
 
 Boston Evening Telegraph (d). Sept.-Oct, 1854. F^. 
 
 With Amer. Traveller, 1851-53. Founded Sept., 1854, by Williams, 
 Morse & Co. 
 
 Constitutional Telegraphe (s-w). Sept. 19, 1801; May, 1802, 7 nos. 
 
 F 6. 
 
 Founded by Samuel S. Parker, 1799 ; continued as Republican Gazet- 
 teer (May, 1802), and later as Democrat, q. v. 
 
 Temperance Cause) (m). June, 1899+ F*; Q; D. 
 
 Founded July, 1878, by Mass. Total Ahstinence Society. Edited by 
 Benjamin R. Jewell till Nov., 1890 ; since then by Rev. Alfred Noon. 
 Each issue devoted to one phase of the work. 
 
 Times (w). Dec, 1807-Oct, 1808. Q. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1807, by Oliver & Munroe, and by them consolidated 
 (Oct., 1808) with Emerald, as Boston Mirror. 
 
 Times or Evening Entertainer (tri-w). Oct.-Nov., 1794, 4 nos. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. Founded 1794 by Hall & 
 MacClintock ; after Nov. 5, published by Thomas Hall alone. 
 
 To-Day (w). 1852. Indexed. 2 v. O. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1852, by Charles Hale. Published by Redding & Co. 
 
 To-Day (w). 1890, 3 nos.; Jan. 21, 1892. 
 
 [106] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Daily Evening Teanscbipt. Oct.-Dec., 1831; Apr .-Sept., 1833; Jan- 
 Sept., 1834. 4 v. F*. Jan- June, 1842; June-Dec., 1848. 2 v. F\ 
 Jan.-June, 1850; July, 1851-June, 1853; Jan-June, 1854; 1857; 
 1858; July-Dec, 1859; July, 1860-June, 1861. 13 v. F«. July, 
 1861-1862. 3 v. Ft. 1863; 1864. 4 v. F<>. Dec, 1903-1910. 41 v. 
 F e. 19H-I- 
 
 Same (w). 1902-1903. F«. 
 
 Founded by Dutton & Wentworth, July, 1830 ; incorporated, Boston 
 Transcript Co., 1880. Edited successively by Lynde M. Walter, Dr. 
 Joseph Palmer, Miss Cornelia M. Walter, Epes Sargent, D. M. Haskell, 
 William A. Hovey, Edward H. Clement, and George S. Mandell. 
 
 Daily American Traveller (s-w). July, 1825-June, 1828. 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded (1825) by Royal L. Porter; united with Daily Evening Trav- 
 eller, 1845. 
 
 American Weekly Traveller. Apr., 1851-Mar., 1854; Dec 14, 1854; 
 Aug. 21, 1857. Ft. 
 
 Successor oj Stage Register, as weekly edition of Daily Evening Trav- 
 eller, q. v. Edited by Ferdinand Andrews and George Punchard, 1851- 
 B4 : Charles C. Hazewell, 1874-83 ; Roland Worthington, 1884-91. 
 Thereafter styled Our Country ana American Traveller, and Our Coun- 
 try till 1893. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Daily Evening Traveller. Jan.-Mar., 1849; May, 1854-Jan., 1857, 
 scat, nos.; Sept. 27, 1862. F°. 
 
 With imer. Traveller, 1851-54. Founded, Apr., 1845, by Ferdinand 
 Andrews (formerly of Salem Gazette) ; first cheap daily in Boston. 
 
 Typographical Bulletin. Jan. 24, 1906. 
 
 American Union (w). Sept. 8, 1860. 
 
 Union Boot and Shoe Workers' Journal. 
 See Shoe Workers' Journal. 
 
 Union Label (m). 1899-1901, 7 nos. Also official Souvenir, May 5, 
 1897. Q. 
 
 Union Label Magazine (m). 1903-1905, 5 nos. F. 
 Founded 1898. 
 
 Union League and National Educator (w). Apr. 30, 1864. 
 
 United States Literary Gazette (s-m). Vol. 1. Apr., 1824-Mar., 1825. 
 Q. Vols. 2-4. Apr., 1825-Sept., 1826. Indexed. 3 v. O. 
 
 Continued as V. 8 Review ana Literary Gazette (m), after Sept. 1826. 
 
 Wage Worker (m). 1903, 5 nos.; Feb., Mar., 1904; May 15, 1909. O; F. 
 Founded 1903 by Union News League. Edited by James H. Mellen. 
 
 [107] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boston, Mass., continued: 
 
 Watchman (w). Sept., 1894-99. 11 v. F. 
 
 Same. 1893-94, 1900,-1901 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Founded 1819. Edited successively by John E. Weston, James Loring, 
 and B. F. Farnsworth till 1834 ; p:benezer Thresher, 1834-38 ; William- 
 Crowell, 1838-48; J. W. Ohmstead and William Hague (of Reflector), 
 1847-67 ; Ohmstead alone, 1807-77 ; Lucius E. Smith, 1877-91 ; George E. 
 Horr, 1891-1903 ; now by E. F. Merriam. Styled Christian Watchman 
 till 1848, when united with Oliristian Reflector (founded at Worcester, 
 but moved to Boston in 1842), as Watchman and Reflector; after 1876 
 again styled Watchman. 
 
 City Watchman's Alarm (m). Nos. 1-2. Sept.-Oct., 1842. 
 
 With Second Adventist newspapers, 1842-47. Edited by Lewis- 
 Hersey 
 
 Wavebly Magazine (w). Oct. 29, 1870. 
 
 Well Spring (m). Vols. 9-10. 1852-53. 2 v. F. 
 
 Founded 184* by Massachusetts Sabbath School Society. Edited (1852) 
 by Rev. Asa Dullard. Juvenile. 
 
 Woman's Journal (w). 1871; Mar.-Dec, 1873; 1877; 1879-91; 1895. 
 13 v. Fs. 1892-1902 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded Jan., 1870, by "The Proprietors of the Woman's Journal," a 
 corporation which has since owned it. Mary A. Livermore, Julia Ward 
 Howe, William Lloyd Garrison, and Thomas W. Higginson were the 
 original editors. Mrs. Livermore was editor-in-chief till 1872 ; con- 
 ducted thereafter by Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell, 1872-95 (with- 
 Alice Stone Blackwell after 1881), and since Mr. Blackwell's death (in 
 1909) by Alice S. Blackwell. 
 
 Woekeb (m). May, 1904. 
 Founded 1904. 
 
 American Workman (w). 1869, 8 nos.; Apr. 27, 1872. F«. 
 
 Yankee (w). Dec, 1814-Dec., 1815. F<s. 
 
 Founded 1811. Published (1814-15) by Rowe & Hooper. 
 
 Same. Oct. 9, 1812; Jan. 16, 1818. 
 
 First-named with 1814-15 ; second, with N. E. Local Newspapers, 
 1811-2Q. 
 
 Yankee, and Boston Literary Gazette (w). Jan-Mar., 1829. F. 
 
 Founded .Ian., 1S:!8, as Yankee, at Portland, Me. Published by William 
 S. Wait, later by James Adams. Edited by John Neal (till his death in 
 1870) and James W. Miller. Issued at Boston and Portland after first 
 few months. Absorbed Bachelor'* Journal, and Boston Literary Gazette 
 within a year. 
 
 Yankee Farmer (w). 1841. Indexed. P*. 
 
 Founded 1835. Published by Charles P. Bosson, 1838-Dec, 1841 ; 
 edited by S. W. Cole. Jan.-June. 1841. In Pec, 1841, merged with Mass. 
 Ploughman, published by William BuekmiristeT, ' 
 
 [108] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Young American's Magazine of Self -Improvement (m). Vol. 1, No. 2. 
 Mar., 1847. 
 
 Youth's Cabinet (w). Vols. 2-5. May, 1838-Aug., 1842 (incomp.). 
 2 v. F*. 
 
 With Youth's CaUnet (N. Y.), 3 838-40. Founded 1837, at Boston, by 
 N. Southard ; published by Isaac Knapp. Had various editors the first 
 year, among them Harvey Newcomb. Suspended from Aug., 1838-Apr. 
 25, 1839, when Southard resumed charge. Published by him at New- 
 York and Boston until Jan., 1842, after which issued by New York 
 Evangelist. 
 
 Youth's Companion (w). July-Dec, 1891; 1892. 2 v. F*. 
 
 First Juvenile periodical in the United States ; established in 1826 by 
 Nathaniel Willis, founder of Recorder. 
 
 Zion's Herald (w). 1844-51. 5 v. F«. 1880-96. 10 v. F«-s. 1897- 
 
 1909 (incomp.). 13 v. 
 
 Founded 1823 by committee of New England Conference. In 1832 be- 
 came the property of the Boston Wesleyan Association (a corporation of 
 twenty laymen, who have since managed it). Franklin Rand was pub- 
 lishing agent, 1838-68 ; Alonzo S. Weed, 1871-98 ; since then George B. 
 Whitaker. Among editors have been Abel Stevens, 1S41-52 ; Daniel Wise, 
 1852-56 ; E. O. Haven, 1856-63 ; N. E. Cobleigh, 1863-67 ; Gilbert Haven, 
 1867-72; B. K. Pierce, 1872-87; since then, Charles Parkhurst. Metho- 
 dist Episcopal. 
 
 Brockton 
 
 •Champion (w). Oct. 16, 1903. 
 Brockton Journal (w). 1900, 4 nos. 
 Laborer. 
 
 See same title, under Haverhill. 
 
 Brockton Times (d). May-Dec., 1895; Jan., 1896. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1894 by W. L. Douglas. Conducted for a few months by J. 
 Armoy Knox ; since then by W. R. Buchanan. Independent. 
 
 Brookline 
 
 Anti-Imperialist (irreg.). Aug. 20, 1899. 
 
 Cambridge 
 
 Astronomical Journal (w). Mar. 14, 1851; Nov. 10, 1854. 
 
 With Cincinnati Siaereal Messenger, 1846-48. 
 Cambridge Chronicle (w). Apr. 26, 1849. 
 
 Published by John Ford. 
 New England Chronicle or Essex Gazette (w). May, 1775-Apr., 
 1776. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Successor fMay, 1775) of Essex Gazette, of Salem, q. v.; published at 
 Cambridge May 12, 1775-Apr., 1776, in Stoughton Hall, Harvard, under 
 name New England Chronicle or Essex Uazette, by Ebenezer and Samuel 
 
 [109] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Cambridge, Mass., continued: 
 
 Hall. After death of former, removed to Boston (q. v.), Apr., 1776; 
 continued by 8'. Hall till' June 20 ; after that by Powars and Willis. See 
 N. E. Chronicle, under Boston. 
 
 People (q). July, 1899; Dec, 1901; Feb., 1902-Jan., 1903; Mar-May, 
 Dec, 1904; Peb.-Aug., 1905; Dec, 1905-Feb., 1906; June-Nov., 
 1906; June, 1907-Feb., 1908; June-Aug., 1908; Dec, 1908-Feb., 
 1909. F. 
 
 Founded 1897. Published by People Pub. Co. Education. 
 
 Charlestown 
 
 Charlestown Chronicle (w). June 19, 1869. 
 
 Chicopee 
 
 Chicopee Journal (w). Apr. 24, 1858. 
 
 Dedham 
 
 Minerva (w). Mar. 28, May 9, 1797; May 24, 1798. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. Founded about Oct., 1796, 
 by Nathaniel and Benjamin Heaton, as Columbian Minerva; suspended, 
 Sept. 1804. 
 
 Norfolk Repository (w). Jan-Sept., 1809, 7 nos. Fb. 
 
 With N. M. Local Newspapers, 1804-10. Founded May, 1805, by Her- 
 man Mann ; suspended, 1811. 
 
 East Boston 
 
 East Boston Advocate (w). 1872-74. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1869 by T. A. Hutchins, and conducted by him till 1874 i. 
 William B. Morse and A. H. Lewis, 1875-81 ; Lewis alone, 1882-86. 1b 
 1887 merged with East Boston Argus, as East Boston Argus Advocate, 
 and since conducted by J. B. McCabe. formerly of the Argus. Republican. 
 
 E as ton 
 
 Easton Journal (m). 1903-1907, 6 nos. O. 
 
 Fall River 
 
 Labor Standard (w). Nov. 19, Dec. 3, 1881; Sept. 14, 1898. 
 
 Moral Envoy (w). Mar .-Dec, 1830. F«. 
 
 Founded Mar., 18K0, by George W. Allen, and published by him till 
 Dec, 1830. Anti-Masonic. 
 
 [110] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Fitchburg 
 
 Ratvaaja (w). Finnish. Nov., 1909+ F». 
 
 Founded 1905. Published since 1909, or before, by Finnish Socialistic 
 Pub. Co. 
 
 Greenfield 
 
 Greenfield Gazette (w). Aug. 14, Sept. 3, 10, 1794. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. Successor of Impartial In- 
 telligencer; merged in Herald, 1827. 
 
 Same. Aug. 15, 1808. 
 
 Impartial Intelligences (w). June 20, 1892. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. First paper in Franklin 
 County ; founded 1792 by Thomas Dieltman of Boston, afterwards post- 
 master of Greenfield ; continued as Greenfield Gazette, 1794. 
 
 Gazette and Courier (w). Aug. 25, 1862. 
 
 Groton 
 
 Landmark (w). 1895-1908. 7 v. P«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1884, by John H. Turner, and still edited by him. 
 Owned since Jan., 1911, by his son, George H. B. Turner. Independent. 
 
 Haverhill 
 
 Clabion (w). Sept. 4-Dec. 14, 1901. F«. 
 
 Published by Social Democratic Pub. Assn., William A. Kennedy, editor. 
 Removed to Boston, Dec, 1901. 
 
 Haverhill Laborer (w). 1884-86, scat. nos. F». 
 
 Founded 1884 by Knights of Labor Co-op. Pub. Co.. and published by 
 them till 1888. Edited by Frank K. Foster, 1886; Daniel Stevens, 1887; 
 M. B. Parker, 1888. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Haverhill Social Democrat (w). Oct., 1899-Sept., 1901. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1899, by Social Democratic Pub. Assn. of Mass. Edited 
 by William Mailly, Nov., 1899-Dec, 1900 ; William Edlin, Jan. -Aug., 
 1901 ; John Eills, Aug., 1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Hakinton 
 
 Knights of Crispin Monthly Journal. Jan., 1873. 
 
 Holyoke 
 
 Abtisan (w). Apr., 1908+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1907 by present editor, E. S. Alden, to discuss "Industrial, 
 sociological, and economic subjects." Official labor paper of Western 
 Mass. 
 
 Biene (w). 1897. Q. 1903-1909. 3 v. F« 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1894 by August Lehmann, and since edited by him. Labor. 
 [Ill] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Holyoke, Mass., continued: 
 
 Holyoke Laboe (w). Apr., 1894-July, 1896. 2 v. F». 
 
 Founded Apr., 1894, by Socialist Newspaper Union ; managed by Albert 
 E. Sanderson and M. Ruther till July, 1896, when temporary suspension 
 was announced. Organ of Socialist Labor Party. 
 
 Ipswich 
 
 Ipswich Chronicle (w). Feb. 1, 1873. 
 
 ^Lawrence 
 
 Lawrence Journal (m) . Oct. 10, 1874. 
 
 Lawrence Laboe (w). May 2, 1896. 
 
 Lowell 
 
 Lowell Cabinet (m). Oct., 1852. 
 
 Lowell Daily Citizen. May, 1856-66. 21 v. F«. 
 
 Lowell Daily Citizen and News. 1867-79. 26 v. Ps. 
 
 Founded 1850. Published by Leo Brown and G. F. Morey (edited 
 by J. A. Goodwin), 3856-July, 1859; C. L. Knapp and Morey, July, 1859- 
 77 ; Knapp alone, 1878-79 ; Knapp & Son, 1880-82 ; Citizen Newspaper 
 Co.. 1883-94 ; since then by Courier-Citizen Co. Now styled Courier- 
 Citizen. 
 
 Lowell Courier (tri-w). June-Dec.,- 1835. F*. 1836-38. 3 v. F». 
 Mar., 1839-45 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Same (d). 1846-47. 4 v. Fb. Apr. 19, 1848; 1849-65. 34 V. 
 
 F*. July-Dec, 1883. F 5 . July, 1884-Dec, 1886. 5 v. F 5 . 
 
 Founded (tri-wcekly) Jan., 1835, by Huntress & Knowlton, and pub- 
 lished by them till Sept., 1836 ; Leonard Huntress Sept., 1836-Dec, 1841 ; 
 William Schouler, Jan., 1842-July, 1847 ; James Atkinson, July, 1847- 
 Feb., 1850 ; Samuel J. Varney, Feb., 1850-May, 1856 ; S. N. Merrill, Aug., 
 1856-Apr., i860 ; Stone & Huse, Apr., 1860-1865 ; Marden & Eowell, 1870- 
 92 ; Lowell Courier Pub. Co., ] 893-94 ; since then by Courier-Citizen Co. 
 Edited successively by Huntress, Robins Dinsmore, W. O. Barrett, D. S. 
 Richardson, W. S. Robinson, L. S. Streeter, John H. Warland, Charles 
 Cowley, John A. Goodwin, and others. Styled Daily Journal and Courier, 
 1849-61 ; then Daily Courier and Weekly Journal. Daily edition, July, 
 1845. 
 
 Lowell Journal (w). Mar., 1826-Feb., 1831. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1S24 bv William Baldwin, as Chelmsjora Courier. Soon 
 bought by E. W. Reinhart, and styled Chelmsford Phoenix; a year later 
 removed to East Chelmslord (now Lowell) and styled Merrimack Journal. 
 Bought (Nov.. 1825) by .1. S. C. Knowlton, and in 1826 styled Lowell 
 Journal and conducted by him till 1831 ; by John R. Adams, Edward C. 
 Purdy, John S. Sleeper and H. W. Weld, John P. Robinson, Seth Ames, 
 and Charles H. Locke, successively till 1834, when bought by Leonard 
 
 [112] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Huntress, of the Mercury, and Daniel S. Knowlton. Papers merged as 
 Lowell Journal and Mercury; a year later, restyled Lowell Journal. 
 Connection not at all times clear between Journal and Courier, but issued 
 as Daily Journal and Courier, 1849-61 ; then Daily Courier and Weekly 
 Journal. Absorbed Hulletin, Middlesex Telegraph, and Compend. 
 
 Merrimack Journal. 
 
 See Lowell Journal. 
 
 Lowell Meecuey (w). Nov., 1829-Oct, 1830. Fs. 
 
 With Lowell Journal 1830-31. Founded Nov., 1829, by J. Wolcott Jr., 
 and conducted by him till Mar., 1830 ; then printed by him for the pro- 
 prietor, Thomas Billings, and edited by Ellphalet Case as a strong Demo- 
 cratic organ. Sold in 1S34 to Leonard Huntress and D. H. Knowlton ; 
 thereafter Whig. Merged with Journal (q. v.), 1834. 
 
 Middlesex Mebcurt (w). Sept.-Nov., 1839. F*. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1839, by Ellphalet Case. Temperance. [This file con- 
 sists of 13 nos., which is the number announced in the prospectus.] 
 
 Lowell Offering (m). May, 1844. 
 
 Vox Populi (w). 1845-46. F<>. Nov., 1861-Nov., 1862. Ft. Dec, 
 
 1862-Oct, 1865; 1866-Oct, 1867. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1840. Published by S. J. Vamey, 1845-46 ; Z. C. Huse and 
 
 Stone, 1861-79; Huse and John A. Goodwin, 1880-85; S. W. Huse 
 
 & Co., 1886-1895. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Lynn 
 
 Lynn Recoed (w). Jan. 8, Feb. 12, 1876. 
 
 Marblehead 
 
 American Statesman (w). Sept. 4, 1882. 
 
 Journal of United Laboe. 
 
 See same title, under Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Marlboro 
 
 Leader (m). Apr., May, 1901. 
 
 See same title, under Haverhill. 
 
 Medford 
 
 Leader (m). Apr., May, 1901. F«. 
 
 Mendon 
 
 Practical Christian (s-m). Vol. 1. 1840-41. F*. Vols. 3-18. 1842- 
 58. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1840. Conducted by Adln Ballou, assisted by David R. Lam- 
 son, George W. Stacy, Daniel S. Whitney, William H. Fish, and Samuel J. 
 May. Removed to Milford (Hopedalc) In 1842, and conducted by Ballou 
 8— N. C. [ 113 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Mendon, Mass., continued: 
 
 as agent for the Hopedale Community till Aug., 1847 ; then independently 
 till Oct., 1849 ; then edited by him and published by A. G. Spalding lor 
 the Community till 1855 (or later j. 
 
 Milford 
 
 Practical Christian. 
 
 See same title, under Mendon, Mass. 
 
 New Bedford 
 
 Medley, or Newbedford Marine Journal. Aug. 11, 1794. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. First paper in N. Bedford; 
 founded by John Spooner, Not., 1792 ; suspended, 1799. 
 
 New Bedford Standard (d) . May 25, 1860. 
 
 Newburyport 
 
 Impartial Herald (s-w). Dec, 1794-Nov., 1795, 10 nos. F*. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. Founded 1793 by E. M. 
 Blunt and H. S. Robinson ; continued as Newburyport Herald (1797) and 
 still published ; its daily edition was the first daily in Massachusetts out- 
 side of Boston. 
 
 Essex Journal and Merrimack Packet (w). June, 1774- Apr., .1775, 
 9 nos.; 1784-85, 20 nos. 2 v. F s. 
 Founded by Isaiah Thomas, 1773 ; afterwards published by John Mycall. 
 
 Statesman (s-w). Aug., 1808-Mar., 1809. F<s. 
 
 With Repub. Spy, Northampton, 1806-09. Founded by Joseph Gleason. 
 
 Northampton 
 
 Anti-Monarchist and Republican Watchman (w). Dec. 21, 1808; Jan. 
 25, 1809. 
 
 With Repub. Spy, 1806-09. Continued Mar., 1811, as Democrat; sus- 
 pended, 1815. 
 
 Hampshire Gazette (w). 1793-95, 4 nos. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. First paper in Hampshire 
 County, and oldest now published there. Founded by William Butler, 
 Sept. 1786. Published by W. W. Clapp, 1815-17 ; Sylvester Judd, 1822- 
 35; J. R. Trumbull, 1858-77; H. S. Gere (later with his sons), 1858- 
 1910. 
 
 ,' ■ ' Same. Aug.-Dec, 1808, 15 nos. 
 
 With N. JS. Local Newspapers, 1804-10. 
 
 • Same. 1825-26. Fe. 1860-63; 1865. Ft. 
 
 Hive (w). Sept-Dec., 1803; May-Dec, 1804. Q. 
 
 Established Aug., 1803, by T. M. Pomeroy; at Brst semi-literary; after 
 Dec, 1804, exclusively political; Federalist; suspended, 1805. 
 
 [114] l] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Republican Spy (w). Mar., 1806-Apr., 1807, 8 nos.; 1808 (incomp.). 
 
 Ps. 
 
 Established at Springfield, 1803 ; Thomas Ashley, publisher ; removed 
 to Northampton, 1804 ; continued as Anti-Monarchist and Rep. Watchman, 
 Dec, 1808. 
 
 Pittsfield 
 
 Pittsfield Sun (w). Dec. 30, 1800; July-Oct, 1822, 5 nos. F=. 
 
 With N. E. Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Founded 1800, by Phinehaa 
 Allen, and conducted by him as late as 1822. 
 
 Princeton 
 
 Woed (m). Mar., 1873; 1875, 3 nos.; 1876, 5 nos. F«. 
 
 Founded 1872. Conducted by E. H. Heywood, 1875-84; then edited 
 by him and published by Co-op. Pub. Assn. till 1893. No later mention in 
 directories. Reform. 
 
 Quincy 
 
 Granite Cutters' Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Washington, D. C. 
 
 Hatters' Journal (m). 1884-1900, 4 nos. 
 
 Salem 
 
 Essex Gazette (w). Aug., 1768-July, 1772; 1773. 3 v. F= 1774-75. 
 2 v. F*, 
 
 Founded by Samuel Hall, 1768 ; removed to Cambridge, 1775, and con- 
 tinued as N. E. Chronicle and Essex Gazette, q. v. 
 
 Salem Gazette (w). Oct., 1781-Dec., 1782; 1783. 2 v. F*. 1784- 
 1785. Fs. 
 
 Founded by Samuel Hall, 1781 ; suspended, 1785, owing to tax on ad- 
 vertisements ; removed to Boston, and continued as Mass. Gazette, q. v. 
 
 Same (s-w). 1812. F o. 1841-42, Fo. 
 
 Founded (1781) by Mary Crouch, widow of Charles Crouch, Charleston, 
 
 S. C. Carried on by Samuel Hall, Oct., 1781-Nov., 1785 ; T. C. Cushlng, 
 1786-1823 ; Caleb Cashing and Ferdinand Andrews, 1823-25 ; afterwards 
 by Caleb Foote and Nathaniel Horton ; oldest paper now published In 
 Salem. 
 
 Salem Observer (w). Sept. 10, 1859. 
 
 Salem Press (w). Jan. 8, 15, 1867. 
 Edited by D. B. Cole. 
 
 Essex Register (s-w). 1819. F«. 
 
 Founded 1807 by Haven Pool and Warwick Palfrey. Published by 
 Palfrey as late as 1819. 
 
 [115] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Salem, Mass., continued: • ' • ' 
 
 Impartial Register (s-w). Nov-Dec, 1800, 3 nos. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. Founded May, 1800, by 
 William Carlton. 
 
 Salem Register (s-w). Aug.-Dec, 1802, 6 nos. Jan.-Sept„ 1803, 8 
 nos.; Jan-June, 1805, 29 nos. Fs. 
 Successor to Impartial Register, q. y. 
 
 Workwomen's Advocate. 1884, 2 nos. (undated). 
 
 Southbridge 
 
 Moralist and General Intelligencer (w). Dec. 4, 1828. t 
 
 With Eastern Local Newspapers, 1821—28. First paper in Southbridge; 
 established Jan., 1828, by Pierpont E. B. Botham ; adyocated total ab- 
 stinence ; succeeded by Southbridge Ret/ister, 1829. 
 
 Springfield 
 
 Hampshire Chronicle (w). Apr, 6. 1791; Mar. 23, Sept. 14, 1795. • 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 1791-1800. Established by John Rus- 
 sell, 1788. Published by Ezra W. Weld, 1791 ; Edward Gray, 1795. 
 Styled Hampshire and Berkshire Chronicle in 1795. 
 
 Common Sense. Jan. 12, 1895. 
 
 Springfield Gazette (w). Oct. 3, 1838 (imp.). 
 
 Haerisonian (w). May 22, 1840. 
 
 With Maine Cultivator, 1839-41. 
 
 Proletarian (w). 1899, 9 nos. Fs. 
 Founded May, 1899. 
 
 Springfield Republican (w). 186J.-72; Mar. 7, 1873; Mar. 6, 27, Apr. 3, 
 1874; May 5, "Nov. 10, 1876. 12 v. F>. 1880; 1888-94; 1898; 
 1900-1904. 14 v. Fs. 
 
 Same. Mar. 7, 1873. 
 
 • Founded 1824 by Samuel Bowles Sr., continued by his son and grand- 
 
 *' son. 
 
 "Work and Wages (m). 1887, 4 nos. 
 Founded 1887. 
 
 Stockbridge 
 
 Western Star (w). 1792-95, 7 nos. 
 
 With Mass. Local Newspapers, 179J-1800. First paper in Berkshire 
 County ; established 1789, by L.oring Andrews ; afterwards styled An- 
 drews's Western Star and Berkshire Star; removed to Lenox, 1828;, con- 
 tinued as Berkshire Journal till 1833, then as Mass. Eagle; removed to 
 Pittsfield, 1842 ; now Berkshire Co. Eagle. 
 
 [ 116 ] ] 
 
Massachusetts 
 
 Watertown 
 
 Boston Gazette (w). 1776, 26 nos. F*. 
 
 Kemoved hitter during siege of Boston. See same title under Boston. 
 
 Wellesley 
 
 "I" Monthly. 1898-190O, scat. nos. O. 
 
 Wellesley Hills 
 
 Free Comrade (bi-m; m). Sept., 1901; Jan.-June, 1903. D. 
 
 Founded 1901 (new series) by P. A. Ballou and J. William Lloyd, and 
 published by them till June, 1903. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Westwood 
 Ariel (m). Oct., 1902-Apr., 1903. D. .; 
 
 Worcester 
 
 National Aegis, (w). 1804-5, 6 nos. Dec, 1824-1826; 1827-28; 1829-31; 
 1831-33; 1838-40; 1841-42; 1843-45. 7 v. F8. 
 
 With N. E. Local Fapers, 1804-10. Pounded Dec., 1801, as organ of 
 Jeffersonians, by Francis Blake ; now weekly edition of Evening Gazette. 
 
 Christian Reflector (w). 1840. Indexed. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1838 ; edited by C. V. Grosvenor ; strong Anti-Slavery paper ; 
 merged in Christian Watchman after a few years. Baptist. See Watch- 
 man, under Boston. 
 
 Independent Gazetter. Nov. 11, 1800. 
 
 With Spy, 1800. Founded 1800 by Daniel Greenleaf. 
 
 Worcester Labor (w). May 30, 1896. 
 
 Labor News (w). Mar., 1906+ F«. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1906, by Freeman M. Saltus, and since conducted by 
 him. 
 
 Light (w). Jan.-May, 1892. Q. 
 
 Worcester Palladium (w). 1834-74, exc. Jan.-Feb., 1843. 21 v. P«. 
 Founded 1834 by J. S. C. Knowlton, as successor of Aegis and Yeo- 
 man, and conducted by him till his death, July 1871 ; then by his daugh- 
 ters till July, 1875, when sold to Charles Hamilton ; conducted by him till 
 Feb., 1876, when merged in Spy, q. v. At first Anti-Masonic; in 1838 
 Democratic ; in 1856 Free Soil ; thereafter Republican. 
 
 Worcester Republican (w). Mar., 1829-1833; 1835-38; 1840. 5 t. F». 
 Founded Mar., 1829 ; edited by Jubal Harrington till merged in Palla- 
 dium, q. v. Styled Worcester County Republican till Dec, 1833. 
 
 Worcester County Republican. 
 See Worcester Republican. 
 
 [117] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Worcester, Mass., continued: 
 
 Worcester Daily Spy. July, 1845-1903. 122 v. F4-s. 
 
 Daily edition of Mass. Spy, q. v. Published by Isaiah Thomas till Aug., 
 1812 ; Isaac Sturtevant, Aug., 1812-Oet, 1814 ; William Manning, 1814- 
 23 (part of the time with others) ; George Trumbull, Aug.-Nov., 1823; 
 then printed "for the proprietors" by Charles Griffin till Sept., 1824 ; 
 Samuel B. Manning, Sept., 1824-Dec, 1825; S. H. Colton & Co., 1826- 
 Nov. 1835 (Anthony Chase junior editor till 1829, then John M. Earle, 
 on staff since 1819) ; Earle, Nov., 1835-Dec, 1858 (with Thomas Drew 
 after Nov., 1850) ; S. S. Foss and M. Farnum, Dec., 1858-Mar., 1859. 
 Then sold to John D. Baldwin formerly of Boston Commonwealth, and 
 conducted by him and his two sons till 1883 ; J. S. Baldwin, 1884-98 ; 
 William E. Walker, 1899-1901 (firm name being J. D. Baldwin & Co. till 
 1888, then Spy Pub. Co.). In 1901 Charles Nutt became editor and 
 publisher. 
 
 Thomas's Massachusetts Spy, or American Oracle of Liberty (w). 
 1772-79, 19 nos.; Apr., 1780-Apr.,1782. 2 v. F*. 1789-92; May, 
 1793-Nov., 1794; 1796-98; 1800-10; Jan.-Apr., 1820, 7 nos.; 1821- 
 22; Jan-Sept., 1823. 14 v. Fs. Feb.-Dec, 1824; 1827. 2 v. F«. 
 Founded 1771 at Boston, by Isaiah Thomas (leading New England 
 publisher, almanac editor, author cf History of Printing, and founder 
 of American Antiquarian Society). Removed to Worcester, 1775; re- 
 placed by Worcester Magazine (Mar., 1786— Apr., 1788) on account of 
 stamp duty levied on newspapers. Continued as Thomas's Mass. Spy, or 
 Worcester Gazette, May, 1781 ; and Mass. Spy and Worcester Advertiser, 
 Jan., 1824. Advocated adoption of Constitution, and supported Wash- 
 ington and Federal party. No longer published. 
 
 Worcester Talisman (w). Vol. 1. Apr., 1828-Mar., 1829. O. 
 Published by Dorr & Howland. Suspended Oct., 1829. 
 
 Transcript (d). Sept. 10,. 1853. 
 
 Worcester Magazine (w). Vols. 1-4. Apr., 1786-Mar., 1788. 4 v. Q. 
 See Thomas's Mass. Spy. 
 
 Woekinoman's Advocate (w). 1887. Vol. 8, No. 13. 
 
 Massachusetts Yeoman (w). Sept., 1823-Sept, 1826; Sept., 1827-1828; 
 Jan., 1829-July, 1830; July, 1830-1833. 6 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1823, by Austin Denny, and continued by him till June, 
 1830 (with Spooner & Merriam, 1829 ; Emory Washburn, Apr.-Dee., 
 1829). In Aug.. 1830, published by Spooner & Merriam, and edited by- 
 Daniel Henshaw. 
 
 [118] 
 
Michi 
 
 gan 
 
 Michigan 
 
 Ann Arbor 
 
 Chronicle (w). Oct., 1884-June, 1885. D. 
 
 Consolidation (1869) of University of Michigan Magazine and Univer- 
 sity Chronicle. Edited by students. Styled Chronicle and Argonaut, In 
 1891. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Ann Arbor Register (w). 1890-93. P». 
 
 Founded 1872 by Ann Arbor Ptg. and Pub. Co., and published by tliem 
 till 1884; K. Kittredge, 1884-88: Kittredge & Holmes, 1888-89; Register 
 Pub. Co., 1889-91, with Kendall Kittredge as editor; Selby A. Moran, 
 1891-09. No later mention in directories. Republican. 
 
 Battle Creek 
 
 Evanqeliets Sendebud (w). Vols. 28-38. 1899-1909. 10 v. Q. 1910-f- 
 
 Founded 1872 by J. G. Matteson, and published by Review and Herald 
 
 Pub. Co. till 1903. Then removed to College View, Nebr. (q. v.), and 
 
 since published by Internatl. Pub. Assn. Edited by C. A. Thorpe. Organ 
 
 of Dan. and Norw. Seventh Day Adventists. 
 
 Pilgrim. 
 
 See same title, under Marshall, Mich. 
 
 Square Deal. 
 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 Calumet 
 
 Sentinella. Feb. 6, 1906. 
 
 Detroit 
 
 Advance (w). Dec. 15, 1888; Feb.-May, 1889. F«. 
 
 Founded 1884 as Labor Leaf, by J. R. Burton, and conducted by him 
 till 1888. Styled Advance and Labor Leaf in 1889, and conducted by W. 
 A. Taylor. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Daily Advertiser. Mar.-June, 1840. Fa. 
 See Detroit Journal and Advertiser. 
 
 Michigan Farmer (m). Vol. 14. 1856. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Successor of Western Farmer; published by D. D. T. Moore at Jackson, 
 Mich., 1843 ; W. F. Storey, 1844 : H. Hurlbut, 1845-47 ; Warren Isham, 
 1847-f.3 ; published at both Jackson and Detroit after 1849; removed to 
 Chicago, 1869, and styled Western Kural, q. v. 
 
 National Founders* Association Review (m). Jan., 1905-Nov., 1908; 
 Apr., 1909. 3 v. D. 
 Organ of Natl. Founders' Assn. 
 
 [119] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Detroit, Mich., continued: 
 
 Detroit Free Press (d). May, 1902-1903; July, 1904-Aug., 1905; 1906- 
 1909. 41 v. P«, 
 
 Founded May, 1831, as Democratic Free Press and Michigan Intelli- 
 gencer, by Joseph Campau and John H. Williams, and published by them 
 till Feb., 1.832 ; S. McKnight, T. C. Sheldon, and Andrew Mack, Feb.-Nov., 
 1832; McKnight, Nov., 1882-Feb.. 183fi: John S. Bagg, Feb., 1836-Jan., 
 1842 (with L. L. Morse till July, 3 836; later with S. A. Bagg and 
 Henry Barns). Plant burned out, Jan., 1842; publication continued by 
 A. S. Bagg and J H. Harmon till May, 1849 (edited by C. B. Flood for a 
 time ; by J. S. Bagg, after May, 1847), when A. S. Bagg sold out to John 
 S. Bagg. Published by Bagg, Harmon & Co. till 3 850; Harmon, Brod- 
 head & Co., June, 1850-Apr., 1851: Barns, Brodhend & Johnson, Apr., 
 1851-Apr.. 1852; Jacob Barns and S. M. Johnson, Apr., 1852-Feb., 1853; 
 W. F. Storey, Feb., 1853-June, 1861 ; Henry N. Walker and F. L. Seitz, 
 June-Dec!. 1861 ; Walker, C. H. Taylor, William E. Quinby, and Jacob 
 Barns, Dec, 1861-Aug., 1866 ; since then by Detroit Free Press Co., 
 largely controlled (and edited) by W. E. Quinby, 1872-1907. Now 
 edited by Frederick H. Britton. Independent. 
 
 Gateway (m). 1907, 3 nos.; 1908, 2 nos. O. 
 
 Detroit Gazette (w). Apr., 1818-May, 1819, 9 nos.; July, 1819-July, 
 1828. 6 v. P5. 
 
 First successful paper in Michigan ; established July, 1817, by Sheldon 
 & Reed, with aid of Got. Lewis Cass. ' Editor Sheldon fined and impris- 
 oned (1829) for criticising a decision of Wayne County circuit court; 
 fine paid by indignant citizens ; suspended Apr., 1830. 
 
 Michigan Herald (w). Sept. 20, 1825; Jan.-Oct, 1828, 5 nos. F». 
 
 With Southern ana Western Local newspapers, 1821-28. Founded 
 May, 1825, by Chipman & Seymour ; suspended, 1829. 
 
 Herold (w). 1903-1909. 4 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1884 by Adolph Kaufmann, and conducted by him till Oct., 
 1889 ; then sold to Charles Vollbrecht, already four years on the staff. 
 About 1894 sold to F. A. Dracger and edited by E. Newald ; changed 
 from non-partisan to socialist organ of Central Labor Union. Owned by 
 Drager till Feb., 1901 ; Theodore Dreyer and II. Leichmann, Feb., 1901- 
 1905 ; since then by Dreyer. Edited by Newald till Feb., 1897 ; Jacob 
 Fuchs, Feb.- Aug. ; Martin Drescher, Aug., 1897-Apr., 1898 ; H. Steieh- 
 mann, Apr., 1898-Feb., 1905 ; since Jan., 1911, by Dr. Urban Hartung. 
 See historical sketch in Twenty-fifth Anniversary number, June 23, 1911. 
 
 Detroit Journal and Advertiser (s-w). Jan. 28, 1834. 
 
 With Midaie and Western Neiospapers, 1831-40. Founded Nov., 1830v 
 as Northwestern Journal, by George L. Whitney, aided by political friends 
 of John Q. Adams ; continued as Detroit Journal and Michigan Adver- 
 tiser, Nov., 1830; Detroit Journal and Courier, Jan., 1835; Daily Ad- 
 vertiser (q. v.), June, 1836; since Oct., 1877, as Post and Tribune. 
 Edited by H. W. Bellows, Mar., 1831-June, 1832 ; Mortimer S. Thompson 
 ("Doesticks"), 1854-55; A. M. Griswold ("Fat Contributor"), 1859 ^ 
 Frederick Morley, 1867-70. 
 
 Detroit Journal and Courier (d). Nov. 1, 1836; Jan. 22, 1839. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1831-40. See Detroit Journal 
 and Advertiser. 
 
 [120] 
 
Michigan 
 
 Justice (w). Apr. 28, 1900. 
 
 Official Journal of Mabble Woekebs {m"). Oct., 1903. 
 
 Journal of the Metal Polishers, Buffers, Platers and Brass Workers' 
 
 Union of N. America (m). 1898-1901 (incomp.). Vols. 13-17. 
 
 1904-1908. 3 v. O. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1891. Official organ of Metal Polishers, etc., Internatl. Union. 
 Edited by the sec.-treas. Now published at Cincinnati, O. 
 
 Michigan Essay, or the Impartial Observer (w). Aug. 31, 1809. 
 Facsimile. 
 
 Motobman and Conductor (m). 1897-1901, scat. nos. Vols. 11-12. 
 1903-1904. Q. 1905+ 
 
 Founded lS9i>. Organ of Amalg. Assn. of Street Car Employes of 
 America. Edited by W. D. Mahon till Sept., 1903 ; since then by K. L. 
 Beeves. 
 
 PlLGKIM. 
 
 See same title, under Marshall. 
 
 Schtjle (m). Mar., 1889. 
 
 Detroit Sentinel (w). May, 1897-May, 1899. P». 
 
 Founded 1897 by W. D. Mahon and conducted by him till 1899. Labor. 
 
 Stove Mounters' and Range Workers' Journal (m). Vols. 10-14. 
 1905-1909. 3 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1895, as organ of Stove Mounters' Internatl. Union. 
 Edited by the gen. sec.-treas. 
 
 Street Railway Employes Gazette (m). Aug., 1893. 
 
 Founded 1893. 
 
 Team Dbivers' Journal (m). Aug., 1903. 
 Founded 1900. 
 
 Detroit Weekly Tribune. 1896-99. 2 v. Fo. 
 
 Same (d). June 28, 1862. 
 
 Successor of various early papers. The first of these, the Northwest- 
 em Journal, was founded in 1829 ; styled successively Detroit Journal and 
 Michigan Advertiser, Det. Journal and Courier, and Daily Advertiser 
 (June, 1836) ; merged with Democrat and Enquirer (1855) ; with Daily 
 Tribune (founded 1849), in 1802; thereafter styled Advertiser and Tri- 
 bune till 1877, when merged with Post (founded 3866) as Post and Tri- 
 bune. In 188ft styled Post; controlled by J. L. Stickney. Bought Nov., 
 1885 by Charles and W. A. Nlmock, who organized Tribune Prtg. Co. 
 Published by it (in different hands) until 1891 or later; now by Evening 
 News Assn. and styled News-Tribune. Whig ; then Republican. 
 
 Detroit Union (d). Sept. 20, 1869. 
 
 [121] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Detboit, Mich., continued: 
 
 Michigan Union Advocate (w). 1904-Mar., 1910. F«. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1904, by Union Pub. Co. and thereafter conducted by 
 them. Edited by John M. McGarry, May, 1904-May, 1905 ; Olaf John- 
 son, May, 1905-Feb., 1908 ; William W. Norton, Feb., 1908-Mar., 1910r 
 
 Union Pbinteb (w). Apr. 16, 1906-Dec., 1907. P*. 
 Published in interests of striking printers. 
 
 Wage Worker (m). Vol. 1, nos. 1-2. Jan., Feb., 1901; Jan.-July, 1903. 
 P. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1901, by Wage Worker Pub. Co, Published by them and 
 edited by George C. Eastman till suspension, July, 1903. 
 
 Grand Rapids 
 
 Civic Affairs (m). Vol. 1, nos. 1-6. Jan.-June, 1904. O. 
 Published by Civic Club. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Grand Rapids Enquirer (w). Jan. 2, 18&0. 
 
 Live Issues in Kent County (w). 1904, 4 nos. F«. 
 
 New Era (q). Dec, 1899. 
 
 Grand River Times (w). Apr. 18, 1837. 
 
 With Middle and Western NMvspapers, 1831-40. First number of first 
 paper in S. W. Michigan ; established by George W. Pattison, with office 
 material of Niagara Falls Journal (Niagara Falls, N. Y., 1836) ; suc- 
 ceeded by (Jr. flap. Enquirer (1840), and Gr. Rap. Democrat (1S65). 
 
 Workman (w). Aug. 12, 1897. 
 
 Hancock 
 
 Tyomies (w). Finnish. Nov., 1909+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1903. Published in 1909 by TyOmies Pub. Co. ; in 1910 by 
 Finnish Natl. Bro. Temperance Assn. Socialist. 
 
 Harbor Springs 
 
 Anishinabe Enamiad (m). Vols. 1-7. 1896-Feb., 1903. 3 r. Q. 
 
 Founded 1896. Has English supplement called Mesaenger of Holy 
 Childhood, bound with it. Organ of -Franciscan mission among Chippewa 
 Indians. 
 
 Holland 
 
 Volksstem (m). May, 1908-May, 1909. F*. 
 
 Founded 1908. Published by Volksstem Pub. Co., and edited by John 
 G. Blok. Socialist. 
 
 [122] 
 
Michigan 
 
 Kalamazoo 
 
 Kising Sun. Vol. 1, No. 1. (n. d.) P«. 
 
 Exponent of Delstarlan church ; conducted by Marvin Fosdick. 
 
 Marquette 
 
 Mining Joubnal (w). 1896-97. Fa. 1898-Nov., 1904. 3 v. F «. 
 
 Founded 1846. Published by A. P. Swineford (with different partners), 
 1870-74 ; since then by Mining Journal Co. 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Pjxgbim (m). Vols. 1-13. June, 1899-1907. 7 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1899, by Pilgrim Pub. Co. Moved to Battle Creek Dec, 1899 ; 
 to Detroit, May, 1906. Edited by Willis J. Abbott, 1901-1904; Karl B. 
 Harrimac and Albert H. Finn, 1906-1907. Merged in National Home 
 Journal, May, 1907. Devoted mostly to household matters. 
 
 -Marshall Statesman (w). Mar. 12, 1851. 
 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. Founded 1839. Published 
 by Seth Lewis, 1851 ; Burgess & Lewis, 1870-73 ; Morgan Bates Jr., 1874- 
 79 ; O. C. Tompkins, 1880-81 ; Seth Lewis' Estate, 1882-86 ; Lewis & 
 Arthur, 1887-89 ; W. R. Lewis, 1S90-91 ;■ T. J. Stevenson, 1892-95 ; Gregg 
 & Arthur, 1896-98 ; since then by Statesman Prtg. Co. Now edited by 
 Eden B. Stuart. Whig ; later Republican. 
 
 Menominee 
 
 Menominee Heeald (w). Apr., 1866-Oct, 1867. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1864 ; published by E. S. Ingalls (with A. R. Bradbury, 1869) ; 
 
 Bradbury, 1870-71 ; .1. A. Crozer, 1872-74 (with, Dousman, 1874) ; 
 
 Dudley S. Crandall, 1875-76; J. A. Crozer, 1877-81; H. O. Fifleld, 1882- 
 1901 or later. Now styled Herald-Leader ; published by Herald-Leader 
 Co., and edited by W. E. Trayes. Republican. 
 
 Niles 
 
 Niles Gazette and Advertiser (w). Sept., 1835-Sept, 1836. F». 
 
 Established by Henry Barns, afterward founder of Detroit Tribune; 
 succeeded by Niles Intelligencer, Feb., 1838. 
 
 Wiles Intelligences (w). Feb., 1838-Mar., 1841. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Successor of Niles Uazette; Henry Barns, publisher; temporarily sus- 
 pended In 1844, and finally in 1850. 
 
 Ontonagon 
 
 Xake Superior Miner (w). Oct., 1855-Aug., 1856; Dec., 1856-Aug, 
 1857; Aug., 1857-Nov., 1858. 3 v. Fa. 
 
 Founded 1 Aug., 1855, by George D. Emerson. Published by Thomas J. 
 Lasier, 1870 ; Alford Meads, 1871-96. No later mention in directories. 
 
 [123] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Michigan, continued: 
 
 Schoolcraft 
 
 Schoolcraft Dispatch (w). July 24, 1869. 
 
 With Central Western newspapers, 1861-69. 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Albert Lea 
 
 Albert Lea Posten (w). Norwegian. 1884. F?. 
 
 Founded 1882 by Albert Lea Pub. Co. Edited (1884) by Erik S. Gjel- 
 lum. No later mention in directories. Republican. 
 
 Crooks ton 
 
 Bed River Tidende (w). Norwegian-Danish. Oct., 1895-99. 2 v. F«. 
 Pounded 1895 by H. Johnson, and conducted by him till merged in 
 Nordvesten (Minneapolis), Dec, 1899. Independent Republican. 
 
 Duluth 
 
 Evening Heraed (d). Mar -Dec., 1896. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1883 by Bunnell & Schultz, and conducted by them till 1885 ; 
 Milie (sic) Bunnell, 1886-88; Eliot Lord and George French, 1890; 
 Duluth Prtg. & Pub. Co. till 1901 or later; now by Herald Co. Inde- 
 pendent. 
 
 Labob World (w). 1903-1908. 2 v. F». 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1896 by Sabrie G. Akin, and published by her till Jan., 1902 ; 
 since then by William E. McEwen. Edited 1902-1910, by McEwen (with 
 A. It. McDonald as associate in 1909) ; since then by Harry H. Turner. 
 
 News-Tribune (d). 1894-95; Jan., 1896. 7 v. F«. 
 
 Tribune (w), founded 1870; (d), 1881; News, 1870. Tribune edited 
 by R. C. Mitchell, 1870-90; News by William S. Woodbridge, 1878-87. 
 Consolidated in 1893 ; edited by W. H. Hays, 1893-94 ; A. E. Chantler, 
 1895 ; since then conducted by News-Tribune Co. Republican. 
 
 Faribault 
 
 Referendum (w). 1902-1905, 5 nos. P«. 
 
 Fergus Falls 
 
 Red River Tidende. 
 
 See same title, under Crookston. 
 
 Hibbing 
 
 Mining Advocate (w). June 24, 1903. F«. 
 
 [124] 
 
Minnesota 
 
 Hokah 
 
 Hokah Chief (w). July 15, 1857. 
 
 Ija Crescent 
 
 Penny Magazine (m; w). 1899-1900, 5 nos. Q; F«. 
 
 Litchfield 
 
 Rot-Nuggaben (m). Oct., 1881. 
 
 Madison 
 
 Minnesota Tidende (w). Norwegian-Danish. July-Dec, 1898. F«. 
 
 Founded 1894. Published by C. N. Brawthen till 1898 ; by Adoll Bydal 
 in 1899. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Mankato 
 
 Mankato Weekly Independent. June 6, 1857. 
 With MmnesoUan, 1855-58. 
 
 Mankato Record (w). Sept. 5, 12, 1874; 1875, 4 nos. F*. 
 
 With PtibUe Ledger, Phila., 1872-73. Founded 1859. Published by 
 Orville Brown, 1870-79 (with his son, C. C. Brown, part of the time). 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 Minneapolis 
 
 Budstikken (w). Norwegian. Apr., 1880-85. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1872 by F. A. Husher, Uudm F. Johnson, and Johan E. 
 Gjedde, and conducted by them till 1875 ; Johnson and Gjedde, 1876-88 ; 
 T. Gulbrandsen & Co., 1889-94 ; then issued for a few months as weekly 
 edition of Tidende, q. v. Edited by M. P. Hjelm-Hansen till 1876 ; Jon 
 Bjarnason, 1877; Luth Jaeger, 1879-85. 
 
 Commercial West (w). Vols. 1-15. Mar., 1901-June, 1909. 17 v. F*. 
 Founded Mar., 1901, by H. V. Jones ; soon taken over by Commercial 
 West Co., and since published by them. 
 
 Co-opebation (m). Apr., 1909+ O. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1909, by Co-operative Education Bureau, and since pub- 
 lished by them. Edited by L. !■. Plummer and E. M. Tousley till Mar., 
 1910 ; since then by Tousley. 
 
 Danske Amebikaneb iw). Oct., 1895-Aug., 1896. F«. 
 
 Founded 1894. Published by A. Colberg (1895). No later mention in 
 directories. 
 
 Eight Houb Miller (m). 1903, 2 nos.; 1905-1906, 5 nos.; 1909, 4 nos. 
 
 Q; O. 
 
 Founded 1903 by Eight Hour Miller Co., and since published by them. 
 Organ of Internatl. Union of Flour and Cereal Mill Employes. Con- 
 ducted by A. E. Kellington. genl. sec.-treas. 
 
 [125] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Minneapolis, Minn., continued: 
 
 Illustreret Familie-Joubnal (w). Vols. 19-26. Feb., 1899-1907. 9 Y, 
 FK 1908+ 
 
 Founded 1881 by C. Hasmussen Pub. Co., and still published by it. 
 Now issued monthly. 
 
 Faem, Stock and Home (s-m). Vols. 6-7. 18891-91. F*. 
 
 Founded 1884 by the Farm, Stock and Home Pub. Co., and since pub- 
 lished by them. Edited from the start by S. M. Owen. 
 
 Skandinavisk Faemeb's Joubnal (s-m). Nov., 1898-1905. 6 v. F«» 
 1906 + 
 
 Founded 1882 ;' published semi-monthly by C. Easmussen Pub. Co. — A. 
 Sorensen, editor. Now issued monthly by same management. 
 
 Fabmebs' Union (w). 1873. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1867. Published by Col. John A. Stevens and Walter L. Nim- 
 ocks, 1870 ; Stevens, 1871-72 ; William J. Abernethy, 1873-76 ; James J. 
 
 Hendryx and Newton, 1877-78. Bought by Tribune, 1879, and? 
 
 weekly edition styled Farmers' Union and Tribune till 1884 ; then Farm- 
 ers' Tribune. 
 
 Folkebladet (w). Nov., 1895-Aug., 1896; 1899-J.908. 5 v. F». 1909+ 
 Bound with Danske Amerikaner. Founded 1879. Conducted by Sven 
 Ostedal and G. Sverdrup, 1882 ; John J. Skordalsvold and F. Henning, 
 1883 ; since then by Folkebladet Pub. Co. Independent. 
 
 Fobskaben (s>-m). Apr. 1, 1903. 
 
 Minneapolis Joubnal (d). July, 1891-96. 17 v. F». Sept., 1900- 
 Jan., 1908. 40 v. F «. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1878, by Charles H. Stevens and F. B. Curtis; published 
 since 1879 by Journal Co. Edited by George K. Shaw, 1882 ; D. Blakely, 
 1886; J. S. McLain and L. Swift, 1887-1909; since then by H. V. Jones. 
 Independent Republican. 
 
 Kingdom (w). Vols. 7-9. Apr., 1894-Dec, 1896 (incomp.). Vol. XL 
 1898-99. F 4. 
 
 Founded 1888 as Northwestern Oongregationalist, by the Congregational 
 Pub. Co., and published by it till 1895 ; then by Kingdom Pub. Co. till 
 1898 ; then by H. W. Gleason. Suspended Apr., 1899, on account of judg- 
 ment for libel, brought by American Book Co. (for publishing pamphlet, 
 "A Foe to American Schools," by George A. Gates). Edited by H. W. 
 Gleason and J. Newton Brown till 1894 : Gleason alone, 1895-1899. 
 
 Labob Digest (m). Vols. 1-2. 1908-1909. O. 1910+ 
 
 Continuation of Union, founded 1886, published by Stevens, Martin & 
 Stevens, 1894-97 ; Babcock, Heath & Stevens, 1898-1900 ; Cramner, Swift 
 & Stevens, 1901. Edited by H. B. Martin, 1894-97; George A. Stevens, 
 1898-1901. In 1909 styled Labor Digest; owned and edited by E. E. 
 Stevens. 
 
 Ijbbabt Wobk (irreg.). Vol J.-5. Apr., 1906^Oot, 1911. O. 
 
 A bibliof rapiy and digest ut current library literature. Suspended. 
 
 [126] 
 
Minnesota 
 
 Luthebaneban (w). Oct., 1895-Aug., 1896; Sept., 1897. 11 v. F*. 
 1908. Q. 1909+ 
 
 File for 1895-96 Is bound with Vidnesbprdet, Portland, Ore. Founded 
 1895 as official organ of United Norwegian Lutheran Church of America. 
 Edited by Rev. C. O. Tubal, 1895-1906; since then by Rev. Thomas 
 Egger. 
 
 Minneapolis Evening Mail. Dec. 5, 1874. 
 
 With Pioneer Press, 1875. Founded 1872 or 1873, by Col. Clifford 
 Thomson and A. G. Wilcox. Later bought by W. A. Croffut, and then by 
 Johnson & Smith, who sold to Pioneer Press (q. v.), 1876; then sold to 
 David Blakely, 1887, and thereafter styled Evening Tribune. 
 
 Northwestern Miller. 
 
 See same title, under La Crosse, Wis. 
 
 Nobth (w). July, 1889-Jan., 1894. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1889 by Scandinavian American Tub. Co., and published by 
 
 them till 1893 ; Jaeger & Phillipps, 1893 ; Jaeger and Andrew Himle, 
 
 1894 ; suspended 1894. Edited by Luth Jaeger till 1893 ; by Hans Matt- 
 son, 1893. 
 
 Nobth and the West (w). Vols. 8-9. 1892-93. 2 v. F*. 1894-95, 
 1899 (incomp.). 
 
 Successor of Northern Presbyterian and Ventral West. Founded 1884 
 as Northwestern Presbyterian, by Edgar A. Gay, and published by him 
 till 1887 ; Northwestern Pub. Co., 1887 ; John S. Sherrill, 1888-92 ; 
 North and West Co., 1892-93; Sherrill, 1893-1901. Edited by John B. 
 Donaldson, 1887-1900. No later data obtainable. Styled Northern 
 Presbyterian, 1891; North and West, 1892. Dated also at Madison, Wis., 
 and Omaha, Nebr., for short periods. 
 
 Nye . Nobmanden (w). Nov., 1895-Aug., 1897. F«. 1899-July, 1904. 
 3 v. P«, 
 
 Founded 1894. Published by Lund & Foss, 1896-July, 1904, when suc- 
 ceeded by Politiken, q. v. Edited by H. A. Foss and Orav Kringen, 1896 ; 
 then by Foss. 
 
 Nt Tid (m). Nov., 1907-1908. O. 
 Successor of Politiken, q. v. 
 
 People's Bulletin (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct. 24, 1900. 
 
 Politiken (w). July, 1904-Oct, 1907. F«. 
 
 Successor of Nye Normanden, q. v. Published by Politiken Pub. Co. ; 
 edited by Peer Stromme. 
 
 Penny Press (d). Oct., 1893-Dec, 1896. 9 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1893, by Alden J. Blethen, and published by him till Apr., 
 1896 ; then by Penny Press Co-op. Ptg. Co., as a labor paper. Suspended, 
 1896. 
 
 Progress (w). Apr., 1899-1902. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1884 by John M. Thomson, and conducted by him (at East 
 Minneapolis) till 1892 ; Barnard & Trussell, 1892 ; Minneapolis Prtg. Co., 
 1893-94 ; H. H. (). Rowell and H. L. Hoskinson, 1895-1909 ; since then by 
 
 , Hoskinson and Dr. Victor Nisson. Independent. 
 
 [127] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Minneapolis, Minn., continued: 
 
 Pbogeessive Economist (m). Oct., 1896. 
 
 Representative. 
 
 See same title, under St. Paul. 
 
 Rights of Man (w). Apr. 3, 1897. 
 
 Saamanden (m). Norwegian. Vols. 1-7. Sept., 1887-Aug., 1894. 
 Indexed. 7 v. O. 
 Published by Kristofer Janson, Norwegian litterateur. Religious. 
 
 Sentinel (w). Nov., 1898-Feb., 1899. F*. 
 
 Founded 1891. Moved hither from Fergus Falls, Minn., 1898. Pub- 
 lished by Sentinel Pub. Co. Socialist. 
 
 Minnesota Soctal Democratic Bulletin (s-m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct. 1, 
 1900. 
 Issued by State Committee ot Social-Democratic party of Minn. 
 
 Minnesota Tidende (w). Norwegian-Danish. Oct., 1895-19018. 7 v. 
 F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1887 as daily, by T. Gnlbrandsen Pub. Co. In 1895, weekly 
 edition absorbed Faedrelandet og Emigranten — of which Emtgranten was 
 established in 1851 at Inmansville. Wis., and Faedrelandet in 1866 at 
 La Crosse, the two boing merged in 1868 and bought by Gulbrandsen Co. 
 in 1890. Absorbed also (Jan., 1S95), the Norwegian weekly Budstikken 
 (q. v.), owned by Gulbrandsen Co. since 1890; also absorbed (July, 1907), 
 Nordvesten, founded 18S1 in St. Paul. 
 
 Tocsin (w). Nov. 3, 1898; Apr. 8, 1899. 
 Published by Socialist Pub. House. 
 
 Minneapolis Times (d). Mar., 1895-Dec, 1896. 7 v. F». 
 
 Founded 1889 by E. B. Gelatt and conducted by him till 1890 ; Minne- 
 apolis Times Co., 1891-93 (John Blanchard, editor) ; W. E. Haskell and 
 John Blanchard, July, 1894-97; Times Newspaper Co., 1897-1901. 
 Edited by E. E. Johnstone, 1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Teibtjne (d). May-Oct, 1895. F». 
 
 Founded May, 1867, by Tribune Prtg. Co., absorbing State Atlas 
 (founded 1859 by William S. Kins;) and Chronicle (founded 1866). 
 Among its directors were John S. Pillsbviry and William D. Washburn. 
 Published by this company till absorbed by Pioneer Press (q. v.), in 1876, 
 as Pioneer Press and Tribune. 
 
 Same. Nov. 7, 1867; Sept. 24, Oct. 1, 1874. 
 
 First-named with unbound Minn, papers ; second, with Pioneer Press, 
 1875. 
 
 Daily Minnesota Tribune. June, 1883 — Aug., 1884. 4 v. F «. 
 
 Founded as Evening Mail (^. v.), about 1872. Styled Evening Tribune 
 in 1877, when bought by David Blakely. Published by Tribune Co., 1879- 
 1909 (except 1899, by W. J. Murphy) ; since then by Murphy. Edited by 
 
 [128] 
 
Minnesota 
 
 A. B. Nettleton, 1882-85; William E. Haskell, 1886-89; Alden Blethen, 
 1890-91. Issues weekly edition styled Farmers' Tribune. See Farmers' 
 Union. 
 
 Ugebladet (w). Scandinavian. Oct., 1895-1909. 7 v. Fs. 1910+ 
 Founded 1874 by C. Kasmussen Pub. Co., and since conducted by it. 
 
 Union (w). Nov. 6, 1903; Nov. 2, 23, 1906; June-Dec, 1907. P«. 
 
 Styled Labor Digest and Union (q. v.), Jan., 1908. Independent Labor. 
 
 Nininger 
 
 Emigrant Aid Journal (w). Mar. 10, 1858. 
 With St. Paul Minnesotian, 1855-58. 
 
 Owatonna 
 
 Owatonna Jotjenal (w). Sept. 10, 1874; Apr. 1, May 20, July 1, 1875. 
 
 JP7. 
 
 With Phila. Public Ledger, 1872-73. Founded 1863. Published by 
 Journal Printing Co., 1870-75 ; Crandall & Biekbani, 1876 ; F. T. Drebert, 
 
 1877-89 (with Soper, 1886-88 ; with W. A. Dynes, 1889) ; W. A. 
 
 Dynes, 1890; A. J. Truesdale & Co., 1891-94; J. Frank Dean, 1895-1901 
 or later. Published by Journal-Chronicle Co. ; edited by H. F. Luers. 
 Styled Journal and Herald, 1887-88 ; now, Journal-Chronicle. 
 
 Steele County News-Letteb (w). Oct. 16, 1860. 
 With St. Paul Minnesotian, 1855-58. 
 
 Red Wing 
 
 Minnesota Gazette (w). Feb. 27, 1857. 
 With St. Paul Minnesotian, 1855-58. 
 
 St. Anthony 
 Missionary Voice (irreg.). June 20, 1858. 
 
 St. Cloud 
 
 St. Cloud Peess (w). May 27, June 3, 1875. Ft. 
 With Phila. Public Ledger, 1872-73. 
 
 St. Paul 
 
 St Paul Advertiser (w). 1857-58, 3 nos. 
 
 With Minnesotian, 1855-58. Founded 1854 by Charles H. Parker as 
 private advertising sheet. Styled St. Paul Financial and Real Estate Ad- 
 vertiser. Edited by J. A. Wheelock. Became regular news weekly Jan., 
 1856. Merged in Pioneer (q. v.), 1858. 
 
 Morning Caix (d). Dec, 1894-Feb., 1895. F6. 
 
 Founded 1894 by H. P. Hall, and published by him till suspension, 1895. 
 
 9— N. C. [ 129 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 St. Path,, Minn., continued: 
 
 Canadien (w). French. Aug., 1896-June, 1904. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1877. Conducted by D. Michaud, 1879-1885 ; E. R. Dufresne 
 and L. N. Dion, 1886-87 ; T. Leyasseur and N. Ledoux, 1888-95 ; George E. 
 Lambert and P. N. Gelley, 1896; Louis J. Bachaud-Vertefeuille, 1897- 
 June, 1903. Then combined with Chicago he Cotirier.de -I'Ouest (continu- 
 ation in 1896 of he Courier de VIlHnois. founded at Kankakee, 1868, and 
 conducted by Alexander Grandprg) and ha Voix du Peuple (founded in 
 1900 at Minneapolis). New paper styled Courier-Canadien till 1905; 
 since then, Courier Franco -AmericaMi, q. v., under Chicago. Still con- 
 ducted by Bachaud-Vertefeuille. 
 
 St. Paul Dispatch (d). 1889-93. 15 v. P'. 
 
 Founded 1868. Published by St. Paul Dispatch Co., 1877-87; George 
 Thompson, 1888-89 (with S. J. Schoeffel, 1889) ; since then by Dispatch 
 Printing Co. Edited by Henry A. Castle, 1880-85 ; George K. Shaw, 
 1886-87 ; since then by George Thompson. 
 
 St. Paul Daily Globe. 1888-91. 16 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1878 by H. P. Hall and conducted by him till 1882 ; St. Paul 
 Globe Printing Co., 1882-85; Lewis Baker, 1886-96; Globe Co., 1897- 
 1901. Edited by J. G. Pyle, 1897-1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Liteeaet Nobthwest (m). Vol. 1. Mar- June, 1892. P. 
 
 Published by Hall's Library Co. Continued as a magazine ; consoli- 
 dated with Midland Monthly, Des Moines, la., July, 1893. 
 
 Weekly Minnesotian. May, 1855-May, 1858 (incoap.). F*. 
 
 Founded 1851, as a Whig organ ; conducted by John P. Owens, 1851- 
 57 (with George P. Moore and H. P. Pratt part of the time). Then 
 Owens sold to Dr. Thomas Foster, and paper was conducted by Foster ft 
 Moore till absorbed by Press (q. v.), in 1861. Daily edition issued alter 
 May, 1854. 
 
 St. Paul Daily News. Mar., 1889-Mar., 1894. 15 v. F«. 
 Founded 1887 by News Pub. Co. Suspended, Mar., 1894. 
 
 Nobdvesten (w). 1893-98. 3 v. Fo. 1900-1906. 3 v. F«. Jan.- 
 June, 1907. 
 
 Founded 1881. Published by Nordvesten Pub. Co., 1884-1907 (except 
 by Christian Brandt & Co., 1K86). Edited by Christian Brandt, 1884- 
 86 ; Hans D. Haufness, 1887-88 ; S. Listoe, 1889-98 ; F. C. Listoe, 1897- 
 1901; Brandt, 1902-1905. Merged in Minneapolis Tidende (q. v.), June, 
 1907. 
 
 Nobthwest Magazine. 
 
 See same title, under New York. i 
 
 Nobthwest (m). Vols. 1-3. 1883-85. 2 v. F. 
 Continued as N. W. Jllust. Monthly Magazine. 
 
 Nobthwest Illustrated Monthly Magazine. Vols. -4-19. 1886-1901$. 
 16 v. F. 
 
 [130] 
 
Minnesota 
 
 St Paul Pioneer. Nov., 1872-Dec. 12, 1873; 1874; Jan.-Mar., 1875. 
 2 v. F6. 
 
 See Minnesota Pioneer. 
 
 Minnesota Pioneeb (w). 1850, scat, nos.; 1851; 1852-53, scat, nos.; 
 1866. 2 v. F«. 
 
 First newspaper printed in Minnesota; established by James M. Good- 
 hue, Apr., 1849, immediately after organization of Territory ; afterwards 
 styled St. Paul Pioneer; conducted by Goodhue till his death, Aug. 1852 ; 
 Joseph E. Brown, Aug., 1852-Mar., 1854 ; Earle E. Goodrich, Mar., 1854- 
 Nov., 1865; John X. Davidson and H. P. Hall (for Commodore Davidson), 
 Nov., 1865-Aug., 1866. Then bought by Pioneer Ptg. Co. (Henry Carver, 
 Charles Nast, and others), who sold it in Mar., 1872, to Col. W. S. 
 King, for whom it was conducted by Col. E. E. Paulding tl'l Mar., 1874. 
 Then bought by David Blakely of Chicago Post, who planned consolida- 
 tion with Press, for which see Pioneer Press. Absorbed (1855) Demo- 
 crat (which in 1851 had absorbed Chronicle and Register), and (1858) 
 Financial Advertiser. 
 
 Daily Pioneer-Press. 1887-1910. 129 v. P«. 1911+ 
 
 Consolidation (Apr., 1875) of Minnesota Pioneer (q. v.) and Daily 
 Press, which latter was founded Jan., 1861, through efforts of J. A. 
 Wheelock and J. Jay Knox — William E. Marshall being editor and man- 
 ager till he enlisted in the Union army, Aug., 1862. Newton Bradley 
 bought an interest soon after its establishment, but sold in Mar., 1863, 
 to Frederick Driscoll. Wheeler bought out Marshall in 1862, and contin- 
 ued on paper till 1906 ; Driscoll, till 1880 or later ; conducted from 1907- 
 June, 1909, by Claude Hamlin ; then bought by George Thompson, owner 
 of St. Paul Dispatch, who has since edited both papers. In 1875 merged 
 with Pioneer, q v., and since published by Pioneer-Press Co. In 1876 
 absorbed Tribune and Mail, and styled Pioneer Press and Tribune. In 
 1877 Mail was sold to Blakely, who retired from Pioneer Press and pub- 
 lished Mail under name of Evening Tribune. At the same time, Pioneer 
 Press dropped Tribune from title. Published in Minneapolis also, since 
 1890. Eepublican ; later, Independent Eepublican. See historical 
 sketch in issue for Jan. 1. 1880. 
 
 Pioneer and Democrat (w). Jan.-May, 1858. F*. 
 
 With Minnesotianj 1855-58. Minnesota Democrat founded Dec, 1850, 
 by Col. D. A. Eobertson and conducted by him till June, 1853, when he 
 sold to David A. Olmstead. Bought in autumn of 1854 by C. L. Emer- 
 son and merged in Pioneer (1855). See also Minnesota Pioneer. 
 
 Evening Post (d). Apr-May, 1894. F«. 
 
 Published Apr.-May, 1894, then suspended. Democratic. 
 
 St. Paul Press (d). July 20, 1871-Mar., 1875. 2 v. F6. 
 See Pioneer Press. 
 
 Minnesota Register (w). Apr. 7, 1849. 
 
 With Minnesotian, 1855-58. First number issued one day earlier than 
 that of Minnesota Pioneer, but printed at Cincinnati; second number 
 printed at St. Paul, July, 1849. Founded by A. Eandall (who sold al- 
 most at once to Nathaniel McLean) and John P. Owens. Between first 
 and second number. Col. James Hughes founded Minnesota Chronicle 
 (June 1, 1849), which he soon sold to McLean and Owens. Chronicle 
 and Register changed bands several times, and in 1851 was sold by 
 Charles J. Henmiss to Minnesota Democrat, Whig. 
 
 [131] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 St. Paci^ Minn., continued: 
 
 North-Western Repobteb (w). Vols. 2-4. Oct., 1877-Apr., 1879. P. 
 Successor to The Syllabi; devoted to Interests of legal profession. 
 Edited by Homer C. Eller ; published by John B. West & Co. 
 
 Representative (w). Apr.-Nov., 1894. F«. 
 
 Founded 1893. Published in 1895 by Representative Pub. Co. and 
 conducted by it till 1901. Edited by Robert Eckford, 1895; Ignatius 
 Donnelly, 1896-99. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Nobwegian Newspapebs — miscellaneous. 1893-96. F«. 
 
 Smatt,f,y's Magazine (m). 
 
 See Northwest Magazine. 
 
 Minnesota Stats Tidning (w). Oct., 1898-1908. 5 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 Founded 1877 by Col. Hans Mattson. Official paper of Swedish Luth- 
 eran church of Northwest, as well as general newspaper. Issued by Min- 
 nesota Stats Tidning Pub. Co. Republican. 
 
 Twin City Guardian (w). 1899; July, 190O-Apr., 1901; 1903-1905. 
 F «. 1906+ 
 
 Founded 1895 by Jacob R. Steiner, and since conducted by him. 
 
 Minnesota Union Advocate (w). July, 1907-1909. Fn. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1897 by P. J. Geragty and conducted by him till 1899 ; since 
 then by Cornelius Guiney. 
 
 St. Peter 
 
 St. Peter Cotjeiee (w). Jan-Apr., 1857. F 7 . 
 
 With St. Paul Minnesotian, 1855-58. First paper in St. Peter; es- 
 tablished Jan., 1855 ; owned by St. Peter (land) Co. ; suspended, 1858. 
 
 Sank Centre 
 
 Sauk Centre Heeald (w). Sept. 12, 1874; Apr. 24, 1875. F*. 
 
 With Philadelphia Public Ledger, 1872-73. Founded 1867. Pub- 
 lished by J. H. and S. Simonton, 1869-79 ; Charles F. Hendryx, 1880- 
 1901 or later ; now by A. M. Welles. Independent. 
 
 Winona 
 
 Westlicher Heeold (w) . Mar., 1887-Dec, 1888. F». 1889-1906. 10 v. 
 F«. Jan.-Aug., 1907. 
 Established by Leiebt & Schmid, 1881, and since conducted by them. 
 
 Winona (w). 1894-1906. 7 v. F«. Jan.-Aug., 1907. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1855, by William A. Jones. Sold in December to Daniel 
 Sinclair, and conducted by him till Feb., 1E01. Daily edition issued after 
 Nov., 1859 (styled Winona Daily Review, the first month). Consolidated 
 Feb.. 1901, with Herald (founded 1869; issued daily after 1878; also a 
 weekly edition styled News after 1893. Owned by Boynton & Metcalf, 
 J. H. Johnson and others, till Oct., 1900 ; then by Frederick N. Van 
 
 [132] 
 
Minnesota — Missouri 
 
 Duzee). Styled RepuWcan-Herald since Feb., 1901. Owned by Republi- 
 can and Herald Pub. Co. ; edited by Van Duzee till 1905 ; Sinclair, 1905- 
 1906 ; W. G. Cameron, 190G-Feb., 1910 ; since then by Scott Laird 
 (manager since 1901). 
 
 Winona (w). 1894-1906. 7 v. Fe. Jan.-Aug., 1907. 
 
 Literary edition of WestUcher Herold, q. y. Styled Sontags-Winona, 
 Nov., 1899. 
 
 Sontags Winona. 
 
 See Wmona. 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 Iuka 
 
 Badges Bulletin. June 14, 1862. 
 
 Published by Wisconsin soldiers then in possession of the town. 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Issue (w). Apr. 11, 18, 1908. 
 
 Dally Mississippian. Dec. 20, 1862. 
 
 Lexington 
 
 Bulletin of Reform (w). June 29, 1894. 
 
 Vicksburg 
 Daily Citizen. July 2, 1863. 
 
 Containing news o£ the town during the siege. 
 
 Missouri 
 California 
 
 Central Missouri Push. Oct. 12, 1901. 
 
 Cape Girardeau 
 
 Cape Girardeau Eagle, Union Series (w). May-Aug., 1862, 9 nos. 
 
 With Mo. and Kans. Loeal Newspapers, 1862-67. Published by Adju- 
 tant E. Ii. Gove, of 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, assisted by H. F. Potter, dur- 
 ing occupation of town by Union troops. Contains general orders, army 
 intelligence, etc. 
 
 Western Eagle (w). May, 1849-Mar., 1851. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1847. Published (1S49-51) by William R. Dawson. Squat- 
 ter sovereignty. 
 
 [133] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Missouri, continued: 
 
 Ferguson 
 
 Church News. 
 
 See same title, under St. Louis. 
 
 Glen Allen 
 
 Communist. 
 
 See same title, under St. Louis. 
 
 Hunts ville 
 
 Randolph Citizen (w). Sept. 27, 1867. 
 
 With Mo. and Kans. Local Newspapers, 1862-67. 
 
 Independence 
 
 Labob Exchange (m). 1897-98, 5 nos. F*. 
 
 Ironton 
 
 Iron County Register (w). Mar., 1893-1899. 4 V. Fa. 1900-June, 
 1901. 
 
 Founded 1867. Published by Ake & Miller, 1870-71 ; since then by Eli 
 D. Ake. Democratic. 
 
 Joplin 
 
 Missouri Tbades Unionist (w). Sept. 29, Oct. 13, 1909. 
 
 Kansas City 
 
 Appeal to Reason. 
 
 See same title, under Girard, Kans. 
 
 Central Christian Advocate. 
 
 See same title, under St. Louis. 
 
 Labob (w). Dec. 7, 1895. 
 
 Published by Socialist Newspaper Union ; edited by William Hees. 
 
 Leather Wobkeb (m). 1900 (incomp.). Vols. 4-11. 1901-1909. 7 v. 
 Q. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1897 by United Bro. ot Workers on Horse Goods. Edited by 
 the gen. pres., now William E. Bryan. Labor. 
 
 Multitude (m). 1902, 7 nos. F; Q. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1902, by Multitude Pub. Co. Edited by Waiter Vroo- 
 man. First two numbers issued in New Tork. No later data obtain- 
 able. 
 
 Railwat Cabmen's Journal (m). Vols. 12-14. 1907-1909. 3 v. O. 
 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1895 as organ of Railway Carmen of America. Edited in 1903 
 by F. L. Ronemns; since 1905 by W. J. Adams. 
 
 [134] 
 
M 
 
 issoun 
 
 Railway Clebk (m). Vol. 6. 1907. O. 1908+ 
 
 Founded May, 1902, by Bro. of Hallway Clerks and since published by 
 their secretary. 
 
 Amalgamated Sheet Metal Workers Journal (m). Vols. 7-14. 1901- 
 
 1909. 6 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1894. Published since 1 1901 by Amalg. Sheet Metal Workers' 
 Internatl. Alliance; edited by John E. Bray. 
 
 Kansas City Times'. Sept. 21, 1888. 
 
 Contains picture plate of Nocturnal Parade. With Special editions. 
 
 Toboh of Reason (w). 1903, 4 nos. 
 
 See same title, under Silverton, Ore. 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 Pike County News (w). Jan.-June, 1892. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1890 by W. H. Edgar, and conducted by him till 1892 ; Philip 
 Gansz, 1893 : since then by A. C. Gansz. Contains series of articles, 
 "Reminiscences of Pike County," by T. J. C. Fagg. Republican. 
 
 Ozark 
 
 Ozark News (w). Oct. 15, 1885. 
 
 Rich Hill 
 
 Coming Nation. 
 
 See same title, under Greensburg, Ind. 
 Cbitio (w; m). 1899-1901, 9 nos. F«. 
 Bates County Ceitic (w). 1899, 3 nos.; Apr. 13, 1900. 
 Social Thought (m). Apr., Oct., 1903; Feb., May, 1905. Q. 
 
 Rolla 
 
 Rural Express (w). Jan.-Mar., 1866. F«. 
 
 With Agricultural Newspapers 18B6-68. Founded 1859. Published 
 by Milton Santee, 1869 ; Perry Barricklow, 1870 ; Charles McEntee and 
 C. P. Walker, 1871 ; Barricklow, 1872 ; Wallbridge J. Powell, 1873-74 ; 
 Elrlc Z. Liddy, 1875. No later mention in directories. Styled Express 
 after 1869. 
 
 St. Joseph 
 
 Morning Herald (d). 1863-64, 4 nos. 
 
 With Mo. and Kans. Local Newspapers, 1862-67. Founded 1862. 
 Merged about 1900 with Gazette (est. 1845), as Herald-Gazette. 
 
 St. Joseph Union (w). Dec. 4, 25, 1902. 
 
 [135] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Missouei, continued: 
 
 St. Louis 
 
 Abend Post und Tageblatt (d). Oct. 11, 1897. 
 
 Continuation of Tageblatt. 'Succeeded by Arbeiter Zeitung, q. v. 
 
 Advance Advocate (m). Vols. 12-19. 1902-1910. 8 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1890, as organ of Internatl. Bro. of Maintenance of 
 , Way Employes, and at first styled Traclcnten's Advance Advocate, Deals 
 with technical trade subjects and matters of general interest to the craft. 
 Edited since 1890, by Samuel J. Pegg, grand sec.-treas. Non-partisan. 
 
 Age of Steel (w). 1886-87. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Originally Mississippi Han-iels-Zeitung, founded by E. M. Widmar, 
 1857; continued as Journal of Commerce (1861), and Age of Steel 
 (1880). Edited by Merrill Watson, 1879-83; W. E. Barns, 1884-1901. 
 No later data obtainable. 
 
 Altruist (m). Apr., 1885-1904. F*. 
 Continuation of Communist, q. v. 
 
 Aebeiteb-Zeittjng (w). Aug., 1898-1909. 4 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1898. Published by Co-op. Commonwealth Pub. Assn. ; then 
 by Arbeiter-Zeitung Gesellschaft ; since May, 1910, by Labor Pub. Co. 
 Edited by G. A. Hoehn till May, 1910. Socialist. 
 
 Missouri Abgt/s (s-w; d). May-Dec, 1840, 5 nos. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1831— iO. Successor to Work- 
 imgmen's Advocate (established 1831) ; and in turn succeeded (1841) 
 by Missouri Reporter, under Shadrach Penn, of Louisville, Ky. ; Anally 
 merged, as Union, in Missouri Democrat, q. v., 1853. 
 
 Bbaueb-Zeitung (w). 1897-1902. P«. 1903-1909. 2 v. P«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Oct., 1886, by Natl. Union of Brewery Workmen of TJ. S. 
 Published by E. Kurzenknabe, 1895-1901 ; since then by the Union. 
 Edited for several years by the Natl. Sec, J. L. Franz, 1897-1901 ; 
 William E. Trautmann, 1902-Apr., 1905 ; J. P. Weigel, Apr., 1905-Sept., 
 1906 ; since then by Gustav Mostler. Removed to Cincinnati, O., in 1900. 
 Styled Brauerei'Arteiter-Zeitung since Nov. 1910. 
 
 Censor (w). Apr. 21, 1904. 
 
 Central Christian Advocate (w). 1879-1900. 18 v. Fe; F*; F. 19O1-190U. 
 Founded 18D6. Edited by C. F. Crary, 1869-72 ; Benjamin St. J. Fry, 
 1873-90 ; Jesse B. Young, 1891-1900 ; since then Claudius E. Spencer. 
 Removed to Kansas City, Nov., 1900. 
 
 Chubch News (m). Jan., 1879-Nov., 1885. F. 1901-1906. 3 v. Q. 
 1907+ 
 
 Found 1870 as official paper of Diocese of Missouri. Published at St. 
 Louis till recently : now at Ferguson. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Citizens' Industrial Exponent. 
 See Exponent. 
 
 [136] 
 
Missouri 
 
 Colman's Rural World (w). Nov., 1882-Oct., 1885 (Incomp.). F«. 
 
 Successor of Valley Farmer (founded 1848) ; published since then by 
 Norman J. Colman (with Chalmer D. Colman, since 1891). Long the 
 only journal in U. S. devoted to the sorghum industry. 
 
 Commercial Bulletin and Missouri Literary Register (tri-w). May, 
 
 1835-Dec, 1836. ,F<>. 
 
 Founded May, 1835, by Charles Keemle & Co. ; conducted after Nor., 
 1835, by William Preston Clark. Keemle was one of the founders of the 
 Indiana Centinel (Vincennes, Mar., 1817). 
 
 Daily Commercial Bulletin and Missouri Literary Register. 183?- 
 June, 1838. 2 v. F «. 
 
 Published by W. P. Clark and Charles G. Ramsey. 
 
 Communist (m). Vols. 1-3. 1868-Mar., 1873. 2 v. O; Q. Vols. 5-7. 
 May, 1878-Feb., 1885. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Edited by Alcander Longley. Published for a time (1883-85) at Glen 
 Allen, as organ of a local community. Continued as Altruist, q. v. 
 
 Defecator (m). Feb., 1884-Feb., 1886. F*. 
 
 Founded 1883. Published by J. A. Field, 1884-87. No later mention 
 in directories. Sugar manufacture. 
 
 Missouri Democrat (d and tri-w). 1863. Pa, 
 
 Same (d and w). 1864-69 1 , scat. nos. 
 
 With St. Louis Newspapers, 1864-69. 
 
 Same (tri-w). Aug.-Dec, 1861; Feb.-Dec, 1862; Apr.-June, 
 
 1863, Jan.-Feb., 1864. 3 v. F». 
 
 The Barnburner (first Free Soil paper in Missouri) was established by 
 William MeKee, 1849, with Frank P. Blair as editor ; succeeded by Signal, 
 published by McKee & Hill. Signal and Union (formerly Argus) were 
 merged in Missouri Democrat (1853), published by McKee and edited by 
 Blair ; supported Thomas H. Benton for Congress, and later Buchanan's 
 administration ; during the War of Secession was strong Unionist paper, 
 and said by President Lincoln to have largely saved Missouri from seces- 
 sion ; united with Globe (1875), and since published as Globe Democrat, 
 by Globe Ptg. Co. 
 
 St. Louis Enquirer (s-w). 1819-20. 10. nos. Fs. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Successor 
 (1818) of Emigrant (formerly Western Journal, second paper in St. 
 Louis) ; edited by Thomas H. Benton, 1816-20 ; Patrick H. Ford, 1820- 
 24 ; Duff Green, 1824-25 ; L. E. Lawless, 1826-27 ; continued as Beacon, 
 1827; suspended, 1832. 
 
 Exponent (m). June, 1903-Feb., 1911. F. 
 
 Founded 1904 as a "journal of law and order," by Citizens' Industrial 
 Assn. of St. Louis, and published by it till Feb., 1911, when temporary 
 suspension was announced. Styled Citizens' Industrial Exponent till 
 Nov., 1905. 
 
 Fest-Zettunq (w; m). 1897, 1903-1904, 1906, scat. nos. F. 
 Issued during the Northwestern Sangerfest. 
 
 [137] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 St. Loots, Mo., continued: 
 
 Missouri Gazette. July 26, Oct. 5, 1808. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1808. First newspaper 
 west of Mississippi River and first in Mississippi Valley above New Or- 
 leans. Established July, 1808, by Joseph Charles of Westmea+h, Ire- 
 land, who conducted it till 1820; "subscriptions payable in flour" (1809). 
 Supported Jefferson and Madison. Styled Missouri Gazette at start ; 
 afterward Louisiana Gazette, Dec, 1809-July, 1812; then again Missouri 
 Gazette, till March, 1822 ; conducted by Edward Charless, 1822-27 ; and 
 as Missouri RepuoUean, by Chambers, Harris & Knapp, 1837 ; by George 
 Knapp & Co., 1855-1864, then, incorporated as "George Knapp & Co. ;" 
 changed to "Publishers : George Knapp & Co.," 1879 ; name of paper un- 
 changed till May, 1888 ; since then styled, St. Louis Republic* q. v. Con- 
 ducted since the death (in 1888) of John Knapp, brother of George, by 
 Charles W. Knapp, who has been on the staff since 1807. 
 
 Gut Heil (w). Apr. 28, 1897. 
 Industrial (m). 1899, 3 nos. 
 
 American Journal of Education, (m). Vols. 7-16. Jan., 1874-Sept., 
 1883. 2 v. F. 
 
 Established, by J. B. Merwin, 1867 ; removed from Chicago, Feb., 1875. 
 Published and edited by Merwin till 1894, and edited by him till 1896. 
 Since then published by Perrin & Smith till 1901. Edited by J. G. Rey- 
 nolds, 1896-1901. No later data obtainable. Editions Issued simultan- 
 eously at nine places. 
 
 St. Louis Labob (w). 1902-Apr., 1907. 4 v. F*. Apr., 1907-1908. 
 F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1902. Published by Socialist party of St; Louis, 1907-Aug., 
 1910; since then by Labor Pub. Co. 
 
 Labob Campaign. Sept.-Nov., 1894. F±. 
 
 Labob Compendium (w). Aug., 1896-1904. Mar., 1905-1909. F*. 1910+' 
 Founded Aug., 1896, by H. W. Steinbiss, and since conducted by him. 
 
 Missouri Land Registee (m). Mar., 1865. 
 With St. Louis Neivspapers, 1864-69. 
 
 Luthebaneb (bi-w). Sept., 1849 1 -Aug., 1851. Indexed. F. 
 
 Founded 1844. Published for many years by German Evangelical 
 Lutheran Synod; since 1874, by professors of Concordia Seminary. 
 
 Interstate Manufactubeb (w). May 10, 1900. 
 
 Mineb and Artisan (w). Dec. 23, 30, 1865. 
 With St. Louis Newspapers, 1864-69. 
 
 Missionabt of the Cross. Nov. 22, 1845. 
 
 International Musician (m). Sept., 1905+ Ft. 
 
 Founded July, 1901, by Amer. Federation of Musicians. Edited con- 
 tinuously by Owen Miller. 
 
 [138] 
 
Missouri 
 
 Parole (m; w). Mar., 1884-Mar., 1886 (incomp.). Q ; F". 
 
 Founded 1884 by Literary Club of Intematl. Working People's Assn., 
 «nd published by it till 1889 ; Workmen's Press Assn., 1889-91. No later 
 mention in directories. Edited by J. J. Reifgraber, 1889 ; Aug. Euebman, 
 1890. 
 
 Plasterer (m). 1907, 6 nos. Q. 
 American Pressman. 
 
 See same title, under Cincinnati, O. 
 
 Printers' Journal (w). May 30, 1890. 
 Founded 1890. 
 
 Southwestern Railroad Journal and River Guide (w). Nov. 3, 1866. 
 
 With St Louis Newspapers, 1864-69. 
 
 Railroad Telegrapher. 
 
 See same title, under Peoria, 111. 
 
 Missouri Repobteh (d). Nov., 1843-Aug., 1846 (incomp.). Fo-r. 
 
 Founded 1838 by S. Penn Jr., and conducted by him till his death, 
 June, 1846 ; then by his son, Worden P. Penn., till Aug., when it and 
 the Missourian were merged in a new Democratic paper, Daily Union 
 (q. v.), conducted by L. Pickering & Co. 
 
 Republic (s-w). 1892-93. 2 v. Fi. 
 See Missouri Gazette. 
 
 Same. Centennial edition. July 12, 1908. 192 pp. P«. 
 
 Missouri Republisan (d). May 28, 1860; 1865. 2 v. F». 
 See Missouri Gazette. 
 
 Missouri State Republican (w). Apr., 1906-Apr., 1907. F*. 
 
 Founded 1901. Published since 1906 by State Republican Pub. Co., 
 and edited by E. C Brokmeyer. 
 
 Sanitary Progress (m). Oct., 1905-June, 1909. O. 
 
 Founded 1905 by N. O. Nelson Mfg. Co., in interests of co-operative 
 industry and profit-sharing. Apparently discontinued in 1909. 
 
 Missouri Saturday News (w). 1838. F i. 1839, 3 nos. 
 
 Founded by Charles Keemle and Alphonso Wetmore; had but a short 
 existence ; was of a literary character. 
 
 Missouri Socialist (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. 1901-Aug., 1902. F». 
 
 Founded Jan., 1901, by St. Louis Branch of Social Democratic party ; 
 later by State party.. Edited by E. Val Putnam till Feb., 1902; M. Bal- 
 lard Dunn, Feb.- Aug., 1902. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Telegraphe. Apr. 11, 29, 1840. 
 
 > 
 
 [139] 
 
 Trackmen's Advance Advocate. 
 See Advance Advocate. 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 St. Louis, Mo., continued : 
 
 Travellers' Goods and Leather Novelty Workers Official Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Oshkosb, Wis. 
 
 Truth (m). Vol. 1. Dec, 1874-Nov., 1875. Indexed. F. Vols. 2-4, 
 10-15. Dec, 1875-Nov., 1878; Dec, 1882^0ct., 1889. 9 v. O. 
 
 Owned by Edward Bredell, and edited by James H. Brookes, both Pres- 
 byterians ; connected with a Bible and tract depository. No later men- 
 tion in directories. 
 
 St. Louis Union (d). Aug.-Dec, 1846 (incomp.). Ft. 
 With Missouri Reporter, q. v. 
 
 St. Louis Union (w). Nov. 4, 6 (extras), 1882. 
 
 Saturday Union Record (w). May 13, 1905. 
 
 Tagliche Volkszeitung. Mar. 21-July 13, 1866. F«. 
 
 Founded 1865. Published by E. W. Heeman & Co., and in 1869 edited 
 by H. Brukk. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Vox Populi (m). May, 1894-June, 1895. F., 
 
 Founded 1897 by Vox Populi Pub. Co., and conducted' by it till 1895. 
 No later mention in directories. Populist. 
 
 Western Watchman (w). Oct. 12, 19, 1854. 
 
 Wetmore's Weekly. 1904-Nov., 1905. F. 
 
 Founded 1904 by Pan-American Press. Edited by Claude H. Wetmore 
 till Nov., 1905. No later data obtainable. Advocates "equable legisla- 
 tion for all." 
 
 Seymour 
 
 New Wax (m). Apr., June, 1905. 
 
 Trenton 
 
 Ruskin Rats (m). Feb., 1903. 
 Founded 1902. 
 
 Weston 
 
 Border Times (w). 1864-67, 14 nos. F«. 
 
 With Mo. and Kans. Local Newspapers, 1862-67. Founded 1864. 
 Published by Harry Howard & Co., 1864 ; A. G. Beller, 1865-71. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Montana 
 Anaconda 
 
 Anaconda Labor-Socialist (w). Mar. 28, 1902. 
 
 [140] 
 
Montana — Nebraska 
 
 Butte 
 
 American Laboe Union Journal (w; m). Dec, 1902-Dec, 1904. P«. 
 Founded 1902 by American Labor Union — conducted by Clarence Smith. 
 Moved to Chicago, Aug., 1904. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Laboe World (w). Aug. 28, 1903. 
 
 Butte Weekly Mines. 1896-1902. F«. 
 
 Founded 1876. Published by Mills & Brown, 1877-81 (with — 
 Kessler, 1877-78) ; since then by Miner Pub. Co. Edited by Daniel 
 Searles, 1883-87 ; C. L. D. Haig, 188S-90 ; J. M. Quinn, 1891-98. Demo- 
 cratic. 
 
 Helena 
 
 Montana News (w). 1904-1905. Dec, 1909-1911, scat. nos. F". 
 
 Founded 1901. Published (1904) by J. H. Walsh; since 1910 by 
 Graham & Hazlitt. 
 
 Nebraska 
 Beatrice 
 
 Woman's Tribune (m). Vols. 1-4. Nov., 1883-Nov., 1887. Ft. 
 
 Same (w). Vols. 5-7. Dec, 1887-Dec, 1890. Indexed. 2 v. 
 
 F b. 1903-1908. 
 
 Founded 1883. Removed to Washington, D. C. (q. v.), Dec, 1889; 
 branch office at Beatrice till 1893 ; in Oct., 1904, moved to Portland, 
 Ore., to help in campaign for woman suffrage amendment to state con- 
 stitution. Edited by Clara B. Colby. 
 
 College View 
 
 BJvangeijets Sendebud. 
 
 See same title, under Battle Creek, Mich. 
 
 Kearney 
 
 Socialist Review (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Apr., July-Sept., 1900. 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 Commoner (w). Vols. 6-9. 1906-1909. 4 v. F *. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1900 by William J. Bryan, and since conducted by him. 
 
 Independent (w). Vols. 15-16, 1903-1905. 2 v. F4. 1906-Mar., 1907. 
 Also Vols. 14, 18, 19, 20 (incomp.). 
 
 Apparently founded, 1S89, by S. Edwin Thornton; in 1892 styled 
 Alliance-Independent, published by Alliance Pub. Co. for several years as 
 a Populist organ ; then by Independent Pub. Co., 1897-1900 ; then by 
 Frank D. Eager for a time. Suspended Mar., 1907. Revived in May, 
 1907, as Independent Farmer and Western Swine Breeder, q. v. 
 
 [141] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 .Lincoln, Nebe., continued: 
 
 Independent Farmer and Western Swine Breeder (w). Nov., 1907+ 
 F*. 
 
 Consolidation, May, 1907, of Weekly State Journal (founded 1869). 
 Nebraska Independent (1889), q. v., and Western Swine Breeder (1892). 
 Published since then by State Journal Co. Edited (1911) by Ralph H. 
 Searle. 
 
 Lux (m). Feb., 1896. 
 
 New Republic (w). Dec, 1887-Apr., 1889 1 . Ft. 
 
 Founded 1885. Published by New Republic Pub. Co., 1887-89, and 
 edited by A. J. Wolfenburger ; H. W. Hardy, 1890 ; George H. Gibson, 
 1891; Frederick & Hamilton, 1892-96; H. C. Bittenbender, 1897-1901. 
 No later data obtainable. Prohibition. 
 
 Nebraska City 
 
 Conservative (w). 1899-1900 (incomp.). Vols. 3-4. 1900-1902. F. 
 
 Founded 1898, and conducted by J. Sterling Morton. Suspended soon 
 after his death (May, 1902). Independent. 
 
 rr;;:> - ;, , ' , ; y " "-'•*' 
 
 Omaha 
 
 Weekly Bee. 1896-99. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Same (d). May-June, 1900. F«. 
 
 Founded 1871 by Edward Rosewater, and since edited by him. Pub- 
 lished by Omaha Pub. Co., 1880-82 ; since then by Bee Pub. Co. 
 
 Bohemian Voice (m). Sept., 1892-Dec, 1894. Q. 
 
 Founded 1892 by Bohemian-American Natl. Committee. Edited by 
 Thomas Capek, 1893 ; .T. J. Krai, 1895. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Daily Christian Advocate. May 2-27, 1892. F«. 
 
 Same (w). 1896-97. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Organ of General Conference of Methodist Episcopal Church ; edited 
 by George W. Gray. 
 
 Danske Pionier (w). Danish. Oct., 1895-Aug., 1896; Oct., 1898-1908. 
 7 v. P«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1872 by Mark Hansen & Co. ; edited by Hans Miller one year, 
 then by Hansen till 1889. Since 1890 edited and published by Sophus F. 
 Neble. Independent Democratic. 
 
 Omaha Labor (w). Aug. 24 1895. 
 
 Western Laborer (w). Apr., 1893-Feb., 1894 (incomp.); 1894-95; 
 1899-1900 (incomp.). Apr., 1907+ Fs. 
 
 With Chicago Labor. Founded 1891 by Samuel Rees, Edward 
 Collohan, and M. R. Risdon. Changed hands many times until 1895, 
 when controlled by A. F. Clark and Frank A. Kennedy, who conducted 
 it till 1900 ; since then conducted by Kennedy alone. Labor. 
 
 [142] 
 
Nebraska — New Hampshire 
 
 American Pressman. 
 
 See same title, under Cincinnati, O. 
 Sovereign Visitor (m). 1898, 3 nos.; Feb., 1899. 
 Stationary Firemen's Journal (m). July, 1907. 
 "Workers Tri-City Gazette (w). Dec. 6, 13, 1902; Dec. 26, 1903. 
 
 Santeo Agency 
 Iapi Oate. 
 
 See same title, under Greenwood, S. Dak. 
 
 Nevada 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Inland Empire (d). June 16, Sept. 21, 1869. 
 
 Successor of Silver Age (founded 1861 at Carson City) ; removed 
 (1862) to Virginia City, as Daily Union, and (I860) to Hamilton, as 
 Inland Empire. Hamilton (at foot of Treasure Hill) was founded in 
 1868; destroyed by fire, 1873. 
 
 Treasure City 
 
 White Pine Daily News. June 15, 1869. 
 
 Treasure City was situated near the top of Treasure Hill, nearly two 
 miles above sea-level ; had 6,000 inhabitants in I860, 50 in 1885, and in 
 1910 does not appear in the census. 
 
 New Hampshire 
 
 Claremont 
 
 National Eagle (w). 1835-36, 14 nos. Fe. 
 
 Concord 
 
 Congregational Journal (w). 1845-1862. 8 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1840. Edited by Henry Wood till Jan., 1854 ; B. P. Stone, 
 1854— Dec, 1862. At this time suspension was announced for a year. 
 
 Granite-Cutters' Journal (m). Vols. 13-20. 1890-96. 2 v. Fb. 
 See same title, under Washington, D. C. 
 
 Herald of Freedom (w). 1836-40, scat, nos.; Jan.-June, 1841; May- 
 Sept., 1842; Mar -Nov., 1844. Fo. 
 
 Pounded Mar., 1835, "by an association of gentlemen" (Albe Cady, 
 George Storrs, George Kent, and Amos Wood). Succeeded Abolitionist, 
 
 [143] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Concord, N. H., continued: 
 
 of which four numbers had been issued by D. D. Fisk and E. G. Eastman. 
 Published after 1840 by N. H. Anti-Slavery Soc. Edited by Joseph H. 
 Kimball, 1836-37 ; Nathaniel Peabody Rogers (pseud., "Old Man of the 
 Mountain"), 1838-44; Farker Pillsbury, 1845-46. Anti-slavery. 
 
 New Hampshire Patriot (w). Apr., 1809-1912. 2 v. F=. 1813-1847. 
 17 v. P«. 1848-1869. 9 v. F t. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1808, by William Holt, as American Patriot; published 
 as New Hampshire Patriot by Isaac Hill (1808-29) ; most influential 
 Democratic paper in New England. Hill was in United States 
 Senate (1831-37), and governor of N. H. (1836-40). He is said 
 to have inaugurated the attack on IT. S. Bank (1831-32), and advocated, 
 against much opposition, internal improvements in N. H. (1841-47). 
 Upon his retirement the paper was published by Horatio Hill & Co., and 
 
 edited by Col. Barton till 3 835, or later. From 1840 to 1847 Isaac 
 
 Hill published, with his sons, a paper styled Hill's New Hampshire Pa- 
 triot (apparently in Boston). In 1847 this was merged with the Con- 
 cord paper, John McClary Hill retaining his connection with it till 1853, 
 and again 1868-73. From 1870 the daily edition was styled Concord 
 Pariot, and Butterfleld & Hill were owners. From 1873-78 E. C. Bailey 
 was proprietor. Then the paper was merged with Concord People, and 
 styled People and N. 3. Patriot, q. v. Printed in 1809 on press on 
 which first number of Connecticut Courant was struck off in 1764. 
 
 People and New Hampshire Patriot (w). Oct., 1882-Mar., 1887 (in- 
 comp.) ; June 4, 1900. F». 
 
 Combination (1879) of New Hampshire Patriot (q. v.) and Concord 
 People (founded 1868 by Charles C. Pearson & Co.;. Conducted by 
 
 Pearson till 1886 (with Pattee, 18S4) ; N. H. Democratic Press Co., 
 
 1886-1900; People & Patriot Co., 1901. Edited by John H. Oberly, 
 1895-96 ; George F. Willey, 1807-1900 ; H. B. Metcalf, 1901. Now styled 
 Patriot; published by Patriot Pub. Co., and edited by M. Meehan and J. 
 C. Hickey. Democratic. 
 
 Dover 
 
 Phents (w). Aug. 2, 1792; Dec. 6, 1794. 
 
 With N. E. Local Newspapers, 1791-98. First paper in Strafford 
 County; established by Eliphalet Ladd (1790) as Political and Sentimen- 
 tal Repository, or Strafford Bepister; continued by Samuel Bragg as Bun, 
 Dover Gazette and Strafford Advertiser, from Aug., 1795, till 1812; pub- 
 lished under other names till suspended in 1829. 
 
 Morning Stab (w). Apr. 26, 1865. 
 
 Unitarian Monitor (bi-w). Vols. 1-2. Apr., 1831-Apr., 1833. F. 
 
 Founded by John Mann. Apr., 1831 ; styled Monitor, Apr., 1834, and 
 removed to Concord ; suspended June, 18H6. 
 
 Exeter 
 
 New Hampshire Gazetteer (w). Apr. 18, 1792. 
 
 With N. JH. Local Newspapers, 1791-98. First successful paper in Ex- 
 eter ; established 1785 by Henry Kanlet as Amer. Herald of Liberty; 
 styled N. H. Gazetteer, 1792-S4 ; continued under various titles till sus- 
 pension in 1797. 
 
 [144] 
 
New Hampshire 
 
 Hanover 
 
 Amebican (w). Feb., 1816-Feb., 1817. Fs. 
 Established by David Watson Jr. 
 
 Independent Chbonicxe (w). Oct. 22, Nov. 5, 1835. 
 
 Litebaby Tablet (bi-w; May, 1807). Sept., 1805-Aug., 1806; Nov., 
 1806-June, 1807. 2 v. F. 
 Established 1803 ; editor, Nicholas Orlando ; publisher, Moses Davis. 
 
 Manchester 
 
 Daily Amebicah". Vols. 2, 4, 8-18. Jan.-June, 1855; Jan.-June, 1856; 
 1858-62; Jan.-June, 1863. 13 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1840 by Joseph C. Emerson as Amoskeag Memorial (w) ; con- 
 tinued as Manchester Memorial (1841), and Manchester American (1844) ; 
 daily edition began Sept., 1854 ; merged in Manchester Democrat, 1857. 
 
 Democrat (d). June 5, 1850. 
 
 Democrat and American (w). Sept., 1860-Dec, 1861; 1862-63. 3 v. 
 F«. 
 
 Established Apr., 1842, by W. H. Kimball and Joseph Kidder; united 
 with American and Messenger (1857) under title Democrat and Ameri- 
 can; merged in Mirror, 1863. 
 
 Faemeb's Monthly Visitor. Vol. 12. 1852. O. 
 
 Published at Concord by Gov. Isaac Hill, 1838-49, then suspended ; re- 
 vived at Manchester, 1852, with Chandler E. Potter as editor ; united 
 with Granite Farmer (Oct. 1853) as Granite Farmer and Visitor; after 
 various changes, merged in Dollar Weekly Mirror, Jan., 1863. 
 
 Manchester Laboe (w). May 23, 1896. 
 
 American Labob Budget (m; w). 1886, 5 nos. Fe. 
 
 Organized Labor News (w). Apr. 16, 1887. 
 
 Amoskeag Repeesentative (w). July 31, 1840. 
 
 With Maine Cultivator, 1839-41. First paper in Manchester ; estab- 
 lished by John Caldwell, Oct., 1839 ; continued as Manchester Represen- 
 tative, Jan., 1841; merged in Manchester Democrat, Dec, 1842. 
 
 Portsmouth 
 
 Freeman's Journal and New Hampshire Gazette (w). 1776-77, 5 nos. 
 With Essex Journal, Newburyport, Mass., 1774-77. Established Maj, 
 1776, by Benjamin Dearborn, who afterwards founded and conducted the 
 first school for girls in Portsmouth. 
 
 10— N. C. [ 145 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Portsmouth, N. H., continued: 
 
 New Hampshire Gazette (w). Oct. 7, 1756 (facsimile); Oct. 13, 1758; 
 
 1761-64, 9 nos.; Nov. 30, Dec. 28, 1770. 'F-t. June 5, 1772; 1774, 
 
 10 nos. F*. Sept., 1784-Nov., 1786. Fs. 1795, 3 nos. 
 
 F^lrst paper in New Hampshire, and claims to be oldest paper now 
 published in U. S., established 1756 by Daniel Fowle, and published by 
 him till 1785 ; by John Melcher, 1785-1802 ; then till 1809 by N. S. and 
 W. Pierce, who changed its politics from Federal to Democratic; it be- 
 came Republican after 1868. Issued as weekly edition of Chronicle after 
 1869. Published by Frank W. Miller & Co., 1869-70; Marston & Free- 
 man, 1871-78; Chronicle & Gazette Pub. Co., 1879-88; W. Scott Smith, 
 1889-1900; then F. W. Hartford, for a time. Now published by Chron- 
 icle & Gazette Pub. Co. ; edited by Hartford. 
 
 Oracle of the Day (s-w). Dec. 24, 1794. 
 
 With N. M. Local Newspapers, 1791-9S. Founded 1793 by Charles 
 Peirce as a Federalist organ ; continued since 1821 as Portsmouth Jour- 
 nal. 
 
 New Hampshire Spy (s-w). Oct., 1786-Oct, 1787. F. 
 Established Oct., 1786, by George Jerry Osborne. 
 
 I 
 Walpole 
 
 Farmers' Weekly Museum; New Hampshire and Vermont Journal. 
 Jan., 1798-Apr., 1799; Apr., 1799-Apr., 1801. 2 v. O. 
 
 Established 1793 by Isaiah Thomas as JV. H. Journal and Farmers' 
 Museum; Joseph Dennie, editor, also publisher after 1796 ; leading con- 
 tributors, Eoyal Tyler, Thomas G. Fessenden, Isaac Story ; at first neutral 
 in politics, Federal in 1800, Democratic to 1828 ; removed to Keene In 
 1828 ; still published, as Cheshire Republican. 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Saturday Evening Visitor (w). .1825. Indexed. F. 
 
 Published by D. Allinson ; "a domestick, political, agricultural and mis- 
 cellaneous gazette." 
 
 Camden 
 
 Camden Journal (w). Feb., 1860-Mar., 1862. F«. 
 
 Founded by David W. Belisle, as organ of American ("Know-Nothing") 
 party. 
 
 Camden Labor. Jan. 8, 1905. 
 
 New Republic (w). Feb. 15, 1873. 
 
 [146] 
 
New Jersey 
 
 Elizabeth 
 
 New Jersey Journal (w). Feb.-Nov., 1797. F<s. 
 
 Founded 1784 by Shepard Kollock, at New Brunswick ; removed to 
 Elizabeth, 1785 ; supporter of Jefferson and Madison ; edited by Kollock 
 till 1818 ; Frederick W. Foote, 183P.-79 ; C. C. McBride and A- S. Crane, 
 1882-1901 (with Peter W. Housse, till 1887). No later data obtainable. 
 Oldest paper in Elizabeth ; now styled Elizabeth Daily Journal. 
 
 New Jersey Journal and Elizabeth-Town Gazette (w). 1821-30, 17 
 
 nos. Vol. 1 of New Series. 
 
 With Middle Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Published by J. & E. San- 
 derson 1821-1826 ; Edward Sanderson, July, 1826-Apr., 1827 ; later by 
 Sanderson & Brookfield. 
 
 Official Magazine International Union Shjpwbites, Joiners and Caulk- 
 ers of America (q). Jan., Apr., 1904. 
 
 Union Labor Advocate (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct., 1903. 
 
 Elizabethtown 
 
 Essex Standard (w). Mar. 2, 1847. 
 
 Socialist Review. 
 
 See West Hoooken. 
 
 Hoboken 
 
 Monmouth 
 
 Jersey Chronicle (w). Oct. 24, 1795. 
 
 With Poughkeepsie Journal, 1793-94. Established May, 1795, by 
 Philip Freneau, formerly editor of Phila. National Gazette; suspended 
 after one year, lacking support. 
 
 New Brunswick 
 
 New Brunswick Fredonian (w). Aug. 15, 1855. 
 
 Temperance "(m). Sept., 1908+ Q. 
 
 Founded 1908 by Church Temperance Soc, and since published by it. 
 Edited by Key. George W. Shinn. 
 
 New Brunswick Times and General Advertiser (w). June 8, 1815. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Founded June, 
 1815, by Deare & Myer as a "Federal-Bepublican" paper; published by 
 Albert E. Speer, 1845-69 ; by Alphonso F. Gordon, 1871-91 ; since then by 
 Times Pub. Co. 
 
 Newark 
 
 Newark Advertiser (d). June 16, 1847. . 
 
 Avanti (w). 1904-1905, 12 nos. F«. 
 
 [147] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Newabk, N. J., continued: 
 
 Clarion Call (s-m). Jan. 5, May, 1905. 
 
 Journal at United Hatters. 
 
 See same title, under Danbury, Conn. 
 
 Mutual Am, a Journal of United Custom (m). Jan., Mar., 1891. 
 
 New Jersey Review (m). Nov., 1871- June, 1872. Q. 
 With Insurance Journals, 1871-77. Insurance. 
 
 Union Buyer (w). June 29, 1895. 
 
 Union Labob Bulletin (m). 1903-1904J 8 nos. F. 
 
 Univebsalist Record (m). May, 1889- Aug., 1890. F. 
 
 Founded 1886 by Church of the Redeemer. Edited by W. S. Crowe, 
 D. D. 
 
 Woods's Newark Gazette and Paterson Advertiser (w). Aug. 2, 1792; 
 Apr. 1, 1795. 
 
 With Poughkeepsle Journal, 1798-94. First paper in Newark ; estab- 
 lished May, 1791, by John Woods; conducted by John Wallis, 1800-08; 
 suspended soon after 1808. 
 
 Paterson 
 
 Baker's Journal (w). July, 1888-Apr., 1890 (very incomp.); May, 
 
 1890-July, 1898; Sept., 1899-Aug., 1900; Aug., 1901-Aug., 1903. 
 
 10 v. 1903+ Ft; F; Fs. 
 
 Founded 1888 by J. I'. McDonnell, in interests of English-speaking 
 bakers. May 10, 1890, taken over by Internatl. Union of Bakery and 
 Confectionery Workers of America and published with BdcJeer-Zeitung 
 (founded May, 1885, by George G. Block and others ; edited by him till 
 May, 1889 ; Robert Degan, May-Oct. 1889 ; Karl Ibsen, Oct. 1889-Mar. 
 1891). After the consolidation, edited till May, 1891, by the sec. of the 
 Union, August Delabar ; Henry Weisman, May, 1891-Nov., 1897; John 
 Schudel, Nov., 1897-Aug., 1908; Joseph Schmidt, Aug., 1903-May, 1908; 
 then by Otto Fischer a few months ; since May, 190S, by Charles F. Hoh- 
 mann. Issued successively at Paterson, New York, Brooklyn, Cleveland, 
 and Chicago. Semi-monthly since July, 1897. See historical sketch in 
 Twenty-fifth Anniversary number, Jan., 1911. 
 
 American Beeweb and Distiller (m). Apr., Oct., 1892. 
 
 Paterson Journal (w). Mar. 26, May 7, 1881. 
 
 Labob .Omnia Vincit. Mar., 1870. 
 
 Paterson Labob Standard (w). 1880-83, 1886, 1888-95, 1897 (scat, 
 nos.). F«. 
 
 See National Labor Standard. 
 
 Labob Standard (w). May 30, 1881. Extra. 
 
 [148] 
 
New Jersey— New Mexico 
 
 National Labor Standard (w). 1876-1906 (very incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1896 by National Labor Standard Ptg. Co., and conducted by 
 It till 1898, when apparently consolidated with Labor Standard (founded 
 1876, and conducted by J. P. McDonnell). Thereafter conducted by Mc- 
 Donnell till suspension, Sept., 1906. 
 
 Paterson People (w). Oct. 15, 1898. 
 
 Questione Sociale (w). French. Nov. 25, 1899. 
 
 Trenton 
 
 Empobium (w). Dec. 15, 1821. 
 
 Federalist and New Jersey State Gazette. Sept. 8, 1801. 
 With N. J. Gazette, 1777-80. 
 
 New Jersey Gazette (w). 1777-80, 16 nos. F*. 
 
 Oldest paper in New Jersey ; founded Doc, 1777, by Isaac Collins, at 
 Burlington ; removed to Trenton, Mar., 1778 ; edited by George Sherman 
 (1791-1829) ; by his son, James T. Sherman (1829-53) later by J. L. 
 Murphy ; afterward, published as State Gazette by John L. Murphy Pub. 
 Co. ; later by State Gazette Pub. Co. Edited by Thomas B. Holmes since 
 1901. 
 
 American Potters' Journal (w). Jan.-May, 1889. F«. 
 
 Pounded 1888 by John D. McCormick, and since published by him. 
 Labor. 
 
 Trades Union Advocate (w). 1900-1908. 3 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1900 by Eeuben Forker, and since published by him. 
 
 Vineland 
 
 Vineland Independent (w). Oct. 2, 1903; Apr. 1, 1904. 
 
 West Hoboken 
 
 Socialist Review (m; w). Jan., 1904-Dec, 1908. F«. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1904. Published by committee of Socialist party till 
 Aug., 1908 ; then by J. Britt Gearity till 1909. No later mention in 
 directories. 
 
 New Mexico 
 
 Santa Fe 
 
 New Mexican (d). Apr. 20, 1866. 
 
 See New Mexican Review. » 
 
 New Mexican Review (w). June, 1906-1909. 2 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Weekly edition of New Mexican, founded 1861 ; published 1874-79 by 
 Manderfleld & Tucker; since 1880 by New Mexican Ptg. and Pub. Co. 
 Democratic. 
 
 [149] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Mexico, continued: 
 
 Silver City 
 
 Watch-Dog (w). 1883, 4 nos. 
 Founded 1882. 
 
 New York 
 Albany- 
 Albany Daily Advertiser. Feb.-July, 1816. Fe. 
 
 First daily in Albany ; founded by Theodore Dwight,, 1815 ; Federalist 
 In politics ; merged in Oasette, 1817. 
 
 Albany Argus (s-w). Mar., 1834-Dec, 1835 (incomp.); 1837 (in- 
 comp.); 1838-39; 1840-41 (incomp.); 1842-43 (incomp.); 1844; 
 1845. 6 v. FT. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1813, as organ of Tompkins Democrats ; Jesse Buel, pub- 
 lisher; subscription list at end of six montbs was 4,000, said to be one- 
 third more than that of any other paper in the state; later, organ of 
 "Albany Regency ;" contributors, Van Buren, Marcy, Dix, Skinner, and 
 other politicians ; edited by Buel till 1821 ; Moses I. Cantine and Isaac 
 Q. Leake, 1821-23; Edwin and Sherman Crosswell, 1824-55; William 
 Cassidy and Calvert Comstock, 1856-65 ; Cassidy, 1865-72 ; Theophilus C. 
 Callicot, 1872; Stephen C. Hutchir.s, 1873-78; St. Clair McKelway, 
 1879-85 ; Myron A. Cooney, 1885-91 ; Eugene Chamberlain. 1891-96 ; 
 T. C. Callicot, 1896-1901 ; since then by Albert E. Hoyt. Published for 
 many years back by Argus Co. (Daniel Manning, president) till 1885 ; 
 James H. Manning, 1885-93. Consolidated with Argus, q. v., in 1856 ; 
 styled Atlas and Argus, 1856 — May, 1865. 
 
 Same. Mar. 21, 1815. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 Weekly Argus and Rough-Hewer. 1841. Indexed. F". 
 See Rough-Hewer. 
 
 Atlas and Argus (d). Feb., 1864-Dec., 1865. 4 v. Ft. 
 
 Atlas established 1841, by Vance & Wendell; organ of "Soft Shell" or 
 Radical Democrats ; one of the leading Abolition papers, 1847-52 ; then 
 supported Pierce; united with Argus (q. v.), 1856; styled Argus, May, 
 1865; edited by William Cassidy. 1843-73. 
 
 Balance and New York State Journal (s-w; w, Jan. 1811). 1809-10. 
 2 v. F o. 1811. Indexed. F. 
 
 Removed from Hudson, N. Y., 1«08 ; suspended, Dec, 1811, because 
 mulcted in heavy damages for libel against Southwick, editor of Reg- 
 ister. 
 
 Albany Centotel (s-w). 1800" (incomp.). F«. 
 
 With Albany Newspapers, 1800. Founded 1797 by Loring Andrews, 
 afterwards of Charleston (S. C.) Courier; later, published by Backus & 
 Whiting; continued by Isaac Mitchell (Nov., 1806) as Republican Crisis; 
 merged in Balance, 1808. 
 
 [150] 
 
New York 
 
 Same. July 30, 1802; Oct. 2, 1804; July 5, 1805. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1801-10. 
 
 Christian Visitant (w). June, 1815-May, 1816. Q. 
 
 Published by Solomon Southwick, of the Register; so bitterly assailed 
 by Troy Post and other Federalist papers that it was obliged to suspend 
 within a year. 
 
 American Citizen (d). Apr. 18, 1845. 
 
 Country Gentleman (w). 1861. F. 
 
 Established 1853 by Thomas & Tucker; later, lonsolidated with Cut 
 tivator. i 
 
 Cultivator (m). Vols. 1-2. 1834-36; Mar., 1838-Dec, 1841; 1842-43. 
 Indexed. 3 v. F. 1846. 1 v. 
 
 Established Mar., 1834, by N. Y. State Agricultural Society; edited bj 
 Jesse Buel till Jan., 1840. when it absorbed Genesee Farmer, q. v. Pub- 
 lished by Jesse Buel & Co., and edited by Willis Gaylord and Luther 
 Tucker till Oct., 1840. Since then conducted by Luther Tucker & Son. 
 Styled Country Gentleman since 18!)'J. 
 
 Cultivator and Country Gentleman (w). July-Dec, 1869. Indexed. 
 F. 1870-75. Indexed. 6 v. F*. 1882-88. 14 v. F4. 
 See Cultivator. 
 
 Every Saturday (w). Feb. 9, 1895. 
 
 Albany Express (d). Feb. 15, 1860. 
 
 Official Record Central Federation op Labor (m). Sept., 1895; Sept 
 
 1897; 1899-1900, 4 nos.; 1902-1903, 4 nos.; 1905-1906, 8 nos. ,F«. 
 
 Pounded 1889. Conducted by M. J. Sullivan and P. J. Healey, 1895; 
 
 D. W. O'Connor, 1899-1900 ; Charles Moran, 1902 ; Sullivan & Healey, 
 
 1903 ; James H. Markey, 1905 ; H. H. Fangburn, 1906. 
 
 Albany Gazette (s-w). Mar., 1817-May, 1818. F«. 
 
 Successor (1784) of N. T. Gazetteer (second paper in Albany) ; pub- 
 lished by Charles E. Webster ; Federalist in politics ; edited by James G. 
 Brooks (1838) ; by Kufus King (1839) ; at that time owned by the Van 
 Rensselaers ; suspended, 1845. 
 
 Same. 1800 (incomp.). P« 
 
 With Albany Newspapers, 1800. 
 
 Same. Sept. 19, 1808. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1801-10. 
 
 Geographical and Military Museum (w). Mar .-June, 1814. 7 nos. Q. 
 Published by Samuel R. Brown, formerly of Albany Republican. 
 
 Jeffersonian (w). Feb.', 1838-Feb, 1839. Q. 
 
 Campaign paper edited by Horace Greeley ; suspended, Feb., 1839. 
 
 [151] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Albany, N. Y., continued: 
 
 Albany Weekly Joubnal. 1838-39. F. 1844-57, 4 nos. Fs. 1854-60 
 (incomp.). Ft. 1861-67 (incomp.). F». 
 
 Established Mar., 1830, as Albany Mvenina Journal, organ of Anti- 
 Masonic party ; edited by Thuiiow Weed (formerly of Rochester Anti- 
 Masonic Inquirer) till 1869; George Dawson, 1846-77 and 1880-82; 
 then by Harold Frederick ; one of the most influential political papers 
 in the country; at first Whig, then Republican. 
 
 Family Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Troy. 
 
 Log Cabin (w) . Vol. 1. May, 1840-Nov., 1841. F«. 
 See Log Cabin, N. T. City. 
 
 American Masonic Register (w). Aug., 1839-Aug., 1841. F. 
 
 Established Aug., 1839, by Lewis G. Hoffman. Sub-title, Literary Com- 
 panion. 
 
 Mechanics' Journal (w). Vol. 1, Dec, 1846-Nov., 1847. F*. 
 
 Published by Joel Munsell and Robert McFarlane ; successor to Mun- 
 sell's N. Y. State Mechanic; removed to N. T. City, June, 1847, and ab- 
 sorbed by Scientific American, q. v. 
 
 Noethebn LaGHT (w). Vol. 1. 1841-42. Indexed. F. 
 
 Pounded 1841 ; conducted by John A. Dix for an association of six 
 members. Devoted to "free discussion and spread of knowledge." Pub- 
 lished by Charles Van Benthuysen. 
 
 Albany "Weekly Patriot. 
 
 See Tocsin of Liberty. 
 
 Plough Bor (w). Vol. 2. June, 1820-May, 1821. Indexed. Q. 
 Published by Solomon Southwick (pseud., "Henry Homespun"). 
 
 Albany Registeb (s-w). 1800 (incomp.); 1814. F«. 
 
 With Albany Newspapers, 1800. Established 1788 by Governor Clinton 
 and other Republican politicians ; published by Robert Barber, later by 
 John Barber; edited by Solomon Southwick Jr., till 1817; then sus- 
 pended, but soon revived by Israel W. Clark; continued (1820) as N. T. 
 Statesman; edited by Nathaniel Carter for many years; removed to N. Y. 
 City; afterward merged in N. X. Standard. 
 
 Same. Supplement, Apr. 13, 1802. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1801-10. 
 
 Rough-Heweb (w). Feb.-Dec, 1840. Indexed. F. 
 
 Published by Thomas M. Burt as a Democratic campaign paper ; 
 united with Weekly Argus, Jan., 1841. 
 
 Shakes (m). Vols. 1-7. 1871-77. 4 v. F; F*. 
 
 Published by the Mt. Lebanon bishopric. Edited by G. A. Lomas, 
 1872; F. W. Evans. 1873-75; Lomas, 1876-77. Continued as Shaker 
 Manifesto, 1878-99. Styled Shaker and Shakeress, 1873-75. 
 
 [152] 
 
New York 
 
 Shaker and Shakeress (m). 1873-75. 
 See Shaker. 
 
 Shaker Manifesto (m). 1878-99. 
 See Shaker. 
 
 Albany Sun (w). May 3, 1851. 
 
 Albany Switch (w). May 3, 1851. 
 
 Temperance Recorder (m). Vols. 1-3. Mar., 1832-Feb., 1835. 3 v. 0. 
 Published by N. T. State Temperance Society. 
 
 Tocsin or Liberty (w). Oct., 1842-Oct, 1843. F«. 
 
 Founded 1840 by J. C. Jackson. Styled Albany Weekly Patriot, Jan., 
 1843 ; suspended, 1844. Anti-slavery. 
 
 Evening Transcript (d). Feb., 1853-Jan., 1855. 2 v. F». 
 
 First one-cent daily in Albany ; established by Cuyler & Henry, Jan., 
 1853. Edited by Jacob C. Cuyler (with H. L. Godfrey after Jan., 1854). 
 
 Zodiac (m). Vols. 1-2. July, 1835-Jan., 1837. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Founded by Erastus Perry ; after Aug., 1836, published by Ducoudray 
 Holstein, simultaneously at Albany and New lork City ; edited by M. 
 Henry Webster. 
 
 Alexander 
 
 Farmers' and Mechanics' Journal (w). Nov., 1837- June, 1840. 2 v. 
 
 F a. 
 
 Established 1837 by Peter Lawrence ; removed to Batavia, June, 1840 ; 
 continued as Batavia Times, and F. and M. Journal; merged in Batavia 
 Spirit of the Times, 1843. 
 
 Amsterdam 
 
 Labor Stage (w). April 7, 1888. 
 
 Auburn 
 
 Advocate of the People (w). Oct. 2, 1816. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1811-20. Established Sept., 
 1816, by H. C. Southwick, formerly of Albany Chronicle. 
 
 Cayuga Chief (w). May 3, 1853. 
 
 Northern Christian Advocate (w). Vols. 5-8. June, 1845-Jan., 1849. 
 F«. 
 
 Founded 1841 by Genesee, Oneida and Black River Methodist Con- 
 ference. Edited by Nelson Rounds, 1845-June, 1848 ; by William Hos- 
 mer for a time ; by Rev. D. D. Lore, 1870-71. No later mention in direc- 
 tories. 
 
 [153] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Aububn, N. Y., continued: 
 
 Gospel Messenger (m). Vols. 1-9. 1827-36. F. 
 
 Founded 1827 under patronage of Society for Promoting Christian 
 Knowledge and Piety. Edited by John C. Endd, D. D. Removed to 
 Utica, q. v. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Northern Independent (w). Jan., 1860-Nov., 1861 (incomp.). Ft. 
 
 Established Aug., 1856, by publishing committee of M. E. Church 
 North. Strong anti-stavery. Edited (1859-61), by Rev. William Hosmer. 
 Methodist Episcopal. 
 
 Cayuga Patriot (w). Oct. 26, 1814; Apr. 17, 1839. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Established 
 1814 by Samuel R. Brown, formerly of Albany Republican; edited by 
 Ulysses F. Doubleday, 1824-30 and 1843-46; united with Tocsin (1847), 
 and styled New Era; suspended, 1857. 
 
 Cayuga Republican (w). Jan.-Mar., 1825; May 27, 1829. 
 
 With Middle Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Founded 1819, by A. Buck- 
 ingham, as successor of Auburn Gazette; united with Free Press (1833) 
 and continued thereafter as Auburn Journal. 
 
 Batavia 
 
 Republican Advocate (w). Jan. 10, 1854; June 5, 1855; Apr. 22, 1856. 
 
 Masonick Intelligencer (w). Feb. 21, 1827. 
 
 With Middle Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Edited by R. Martin ; 
 printed by Adams & Thorp. This number contains resolutions of N. 3T. 
 Grand Chapter disclaiming knowledge or approval of Morgan abduction. 
 
 Spirit of the Times 1 (w). Oct. 11, Nov. 15, 1853; Mar. 21, July 18, 1854. 
 
 Bath 
 
 Constitutionalist (w). July 22, 1840. 
 
 Binghampton 
 
 Broome Republican (w). Oct. 24, 1833; Apr. 18, 1866. 
 
 Brooklyn 
 
 Baker's Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Paterson, N. J. 
 
 Daily Christian Advocate. May 2-June 5, 1872. F«. 
 
 Organ of General Conference of Methodist Episcopal Church ; edited 
 by W. H. De Puy. 
 
 [154] 
 
New York 
 
 CnsctJLAB (w; s-w). Vols. 1-3. Nov., 1851-Nov., 1853. 2 v. F». 
 
 Founded 1857; continuation of Free Church Circular (Oneida), Spir- 
 itual Magazine, Perfectionist, Witness (Putney, Vt.), and Perfectionist 
 (New Haven, 1834). Moved to Oneida (q. v.), 1854. Fire destroyed 
 the Onefda plant ; moved in 1864 to Mount Tom, Wallingford, Conn. ; in 
 1868, back to Oneida ; 1876, succeeded by American Socialist, Oneida. 
 
 Brooklyn Eagle (d). Sept., 1900-1910. 118 v. F». 1911+ 
 
 • Same. Index. 1898. O. 
 
 Founded 1841 as Democratic campaign paper ; styled Brooklyn Eagle 
 ami King's County Democrat. Alfred G. Stevens was nominal publisher, 
 and Henry C. Murphy and Richard Adams Locke, editors; but the 
 moving spirit was Isaac Van Anden. In 1842 he bought out the others 
 and remained sole proprietor till 1870, since which time the Brooklyn 
 Eagle Assn. has been owner. Since 1850 styled Brooklyn Daily Eagle. 
 Edited by Wiliam E. Marsh, 1841-46 ; Walt Whitman, 1846-47 ; G. S. 
 Arnold, 1847-53 ; Henry McClosky, 1853-61. Under his rule the Eagle 
 assailed the Lincoln administration until it was threatened with loss 
 of mail privileges, if not suspension, whereupon he resigned ; Thomas 
 Kinsella, 1861-84 ; William Wood, 1884-86 ; since then by St. Clair 
 McKelway. Independent Democratic. See historical sketch in Sixtieth 
 Anniversary number, Oct. 26, 1901. 
 
 Labob Press (w). Dec. 18, 1886; Apr. 2, Sept. 3, 1887. 
 
 New Commonwealth (m). Jan., Mar-Dee., 1894; Jan., Feb., 1895. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1890. Published by New Commonwealth Pub. Co., 1895-96. 
 
 Edited by Imogene C. Fales, 1895-96. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Nobdiske Blade (w). Nov., 1895-Aug., 1896; 1899-Aug., 1902. 3 v. 
 
 F e. 
 
 Founded 1878. Edited by Martin Nilsen, 1884-98; H. Volckmar, 
 1898-1901. Published in New York, 1900-1902. No later data ob- 
 tainable. Democratic till 1895, then Independent. 
 
 Sociologic News (m). Apr., 1892; Mar., Nov., 1893. 
 
 Evening Stab. Oct. 12, 1844. 
 
 International Steam Engineer (m). Dec, 1902. Vols. 3-16, 1903- 
 1909*. 10 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1902 by Internatl. Union of Steam Engineers, and since 
 published as their organ. 
 
 Taxpayeb (w). June 17, 1905. 
 
 Union (w). Apr. 6, 1866 (imp.). 
 
 Buffalo 
 
 Arbeiteb-Zeittjng (w). 1903-1908. 3 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Sept., 1887, by Arbeiter 'Zeitung Pub. Co., and conducted by 
 them till Oct., 1900; since then by Buffalo Ptg. Co. Both companies 
 have consisted of individual shareholders and delegates from share- 
 holding unions and societies. Edited since Oct., 1900, by Robert Steiner. 
 Socialistic, but not officially connected with any party. 
 
 [155] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y., continued: 
 
 American' Bookbinder (m). Vols. 1-5. Mar., 1891-Nov., 1895. 2 v. 
 O. Nov., 1895— Apr., 1896. Q. 
 
 Continuation (1891) of Straight Tips, q. v. Edited by J. G. Fried- 
 lander and published by C. P. Blackhall till 1896. No later mention 
 in directories. 
 
 Our Chuboh Work (s-m). Vols. 7-12. Feb., 1893-June, 1896. 6 v. 
 in 3. O. 
 
 Founded 1887 as organ of Western New York Diocese. Edited by 
 Revs. Thomas B. Berry and W. Bedford Jones, Nov., 1893 — Sept., 1894 ; 
 Jones, Sept. 1894 — July, 1895 ; Kev. Thomas E. Culvert, July — Nov., 
 1895 ; Rev. Warren W. Walsh, Dec, 1895-1901. No later data obtain- 
 able. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Cigab-Makebs' Official Journal. 
 
 See same title, under New York City. 
 
 Buffalo Commercial Advertiser (s-w). Oct., 1844-Dec, 1845. Fe. 
 1846-47. 2 v. F?. 1850-54, scat. nos. (unbound). 
 Established Jan., 1835. 
 
 Pioneer Co-opebator (m). Apr., July, 1888. 
 
 National Coopers' Journal (m). Nov., 1892; Mar., July-Dec, 1894. 
 F*. 
 
 Founded 1885 by National Coopers' Journal Pub. Co. and conducted 
 by it till 1888 ; John A. McCann, 1889-1898. No later mention in 
 directories. 
 
 Buffalo Courier (d). May 7, 1850; Apr. 26, 1860. 
 
 Courier and Pilot (w). Aug. 12, 1846. 
 
 Evening Courieb and Republic (d). Dec. 2, 1861. 
 
 Exponent (m). July, 1894. 
 
 Express (d; w; tri-w). Sept. 4-14, 1888. Fe. 
 Souvenir of Internatl. Industrial Fair. 
 
 Same. May 15, 1840; Jan. 15, 1846; Dec. 25, 1849; Apr. 29, 1853; 
 
 May 20, 1862. 
 
 Feeiheit (w). Oct. 23, 1897; Mar. 12, 1898. 
 
 Buffalo Gazette (w) . Oct., 1813-Oct., 1816. Fs. 
 
 Established Oct. 1, 1811, by Smith H. and Hezekiah Salisbury; con- 
 ducted by them till 1818 ; continued by Hezekiah under title of Niagara 
 Patriot, and after the formation of Erie County styled Buffalo Patriot. 
 During 1834 styled Buffalo Patriot and Comml. Advertiser; in Jan., 
 1835, title changed to Commercial Advertiser, and about 1890, to Com- 
 mercial. Published for a time at Williamsville, Jan. — Mar., 1814, after 
 
 [156] 
 
New York 
 
 Buffalo was burned by British troops. Published by Matthews & War- 
 ren, 1870-78; James D. Warren, 1879-87; since then by James D. War- 
 ren's Sons. 
 
 General Assembly Journal of the Presbyterian Church in the United 
 States (d). May 20-31, 1881. 
 With General Assembly Journal, 1880-81. 
 
 Buffalo Herald (w). Mar., 1905-Aug., 1906; Dec, 1906-June, 1908. 
 
 P 8. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1905 by Herald Pub. Co., and conducted by it for u 
 
 short time ; then by local Socialist party. Edited by August Klenke ; 
 
 also published by him in 1908. Socialist. No later mention in direc- 
 tories. 
 
 Old School Jeefersonian (w). Jan. 21, 1843. 
 
 Buffalo Joubnal (w). July-Nov., 1829, 7 nos. F«. 
 
 With Middle Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Established July, 1815, by 
 David M. Day as Niagara Journal ; styled Buffalo Journal after 1820 ; 
 merged in Buffalo Whig, 1835. Published (1829) by Day, Follett & 
 Haskins. 
 
 Labor News (w). Sept. 2, 1893; Sept. 14, 1895; May 16, 1896. 
 
 Western Litebaby Messenger (w; m, Sept., 1849). Vols. 8-13. Feb., 
 
 1847-Feb., 1850. Indexed. 6 v. in 3. Q. 
 
 Founded July, 1841, by J. S. Chadbourne; continued after 1849 as 
 monthly magazine, and suspended 1857. 
 
 Mebcuby and Buffalonian (w). Feb. 2, 1839. 
 
 Progress (w). July, 1906-Aug., 1908. F«. 
 See Buffalo Republic (w). 
 
 Buffalo Republic (d). Oct. 15, 1840; Aug. 10, 1852; May 13, 1853. 
 
 Buffalo Republic (w). Sept., 1908-1909. Fa. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1899, as South Buffalo Progress, devoted to local in- 
 terests. Tn IPeb., 1903, became a labor paper, styled Progress. Styled 
 Buffalo Republic since Sept., 1908 ; owned by Progress Pub. Co. since 
 1902. 
 
 Straight Tips (m). Vol. 1, Nos. 1-12. Feb., 1890- Jan., 1891. O. 
 
 Founded 1890 by Straight Tips Pub. Co., and conducted by it till Jan., 
 1891. Then became official organ of United Bookbinders of Amer., and 
 was styled American Bookbinder, q. v. 
 
 Journal of Switchmen's Union (m). Vol. 5. 1900 (incomp.). Vols. 
 6-11. 1902-1909. 7 v. 1910+ O. 
 
 Founded 1898 as organ of Switchmen's Union of N. A. Edited at 
 first by M. J. Ford; then by Thomas G. Meaney till June, 1903; F. M. 
 Cassidy, June, 1903 — July, 1909 ; since then by W. H. Thompson. 
 
 [157] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York, continued: 
 
 CatskUl 
 
 American Eagle (w). Jan., 1809-Oct., 1810. Fs. 
 
 Established 1854 at Prattsville, by E. & H. Baker; soon removed 
 to Catskill; continued after 1857 as Democratic Herald; merged in Re- 
 corder, 1860. 
 
 Examinee' (w). 1876-Apr., 1878 (incomp.). Ft. 
 
 Founded 1838. Edited by M. H. Trowbridge, 1876-90 ; Trowbridge & 
 Craigie, 1891 ; since then by Fred E. Craigie. Contains series of articles 
 by Henry Brace on history of Catskill previous to 1783. Republican. 
 
 Coopers town 
 
 Freeman's Journal (w). Feb., 1820-Dec., 1823; 1824-26; 1827-29; 
 1830-32; 1837-44. 5 v. Fs. 1845-47; Jan., 1848-July, 1851. 2 v. 
 
 Established 1808 as Impartial Observer, by William Andrews; soon 
 changed to Cooperstown Federalist, and next (1820) to Freeman's Jour- 
 nal; edited by John H. Prentiss during 1809-49; by Samuel Shaw (for- 
 ' merly of Albany Argus) 1851-1901 ; since then by George H. Carley. 
 
 Corning 
 
 Corning Journal (w). Dec. 7, 1855. 
 
 Delhi 
 
 Delaware Gazette (w). Jan. 16, 1856. 
 
 Ellicottville 
 
 Cattaraugus Republican (w). June 9, 1841. 
 
 Elmira 
 
 Railway Conductor (m). Vols. 1-26. 1884-1909. 26 v. O. 1910+ 
 Founded 1884 by Order of Railway Conductors ; styled Railway Con- 
 ductors' Monthly till July 1889. Edited by C. S. Wheaton till July, 
 1889; E. H. Belknap, July, 1889— July, 1893; E. E. Clark, July, 1893 — 
 June, 1906 ; C. S. Kellogg, June, 1906-1908 or 1909 ; since then by F. H. 
 Pease. Published later at Chicago, New York, and Cedar Rapids, Iow«- 
 
 Summary (w). Aug., 1889-93 (incomp.). F. Nov. 29, 1902. 
 
 Founded 1893 at State Reformatory, in interests of social science, and 
 published till 1897. 
 
 Trades and Labor Journal (m). Sept., Oct., 1903. 
 Founded 1900. 
 
 Fayetteville 
 
 Salmagundi (w). Apr. 24, 1839. 
 
 [ 158 1 
 
New York 
 
 FishkiU 
 
 New York Packet and American Advertiser (w). Aug. 2, 1781. 
 
 Established In New York, Jan., 1776, by Samuel Loudon ; removed 
 to Fishklll during Revolutionary War, then returned to New York; a 
 Whig organ; continued (1785) as Diary or Loudon's Register (d), q. v. 
 under New York City. 
 
 Fishklll Landing 
 Fishkill Standaed (w). July 6, 1867. 
 
 Flushing 
 
 Chtjbch Record (w). Nov., 1840-Nov., 1841. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Edited by Dr. Hawks ; continued two years. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Geneva 
 
 Geneva Gazette (w). ,Nov. 20, 1846. 
 
 District School Journal for State of New York (m). Mar., 1840- Apr., 
 
 1841. F. 
 
 First official organ in United States, of a state superintendent of pub- 
 lic instruction ; removed to Albany, 1841 ; edited by Francis Dwight ; 
 united with N. T. Journal of Education. 1852. 
 
 Ontario Whig (w). Oct. 14, 1832. , 
 
 Glen's Falls 
 
 Adviseb (w). Mar. 10, 1815. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Established 
 Mar., 1815, by L. J. Reynolds. 
 
 Glen's Falls Republican (w) . Nov., 1883-Apr., 1884. F«. 
 
 With Catslcill Examiner, 1876-Apr. 1878. Published by H. M. Harris. 
 
 Gloverville 
 
 Glove Workers' Journal (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Dec, 1905. 
 
 Granville 
 
 Granville Telegraph (w). Feb. 21, 1852. 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Hamilton Eagle (w). Nov. 13, 1839. 
 
 Hamilton Recorder (w). June 11, 1819. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Successor of 
 Allegany Mercury (established 1818 by Benjamin F. Smead) ; published 
 by Franklin Coudrey after 1819 ; suspended after a few years. Ham- 
 ilton is now known as Olean. 
 
 [159] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk, continued: 
 
 Hercules 
 
 Olombia Commonwealth. Vol. 1, No. 1. 1894. 
 
 Homer , 
 
 Gospel Vindicator (w). Feb. 26, Aug. 1, 1846. 
 
 With Eastern and, Western Newspapers, 1841—49. 
 
 Hudson 
 
 Balance and Columbian Repository (w). May-Oct., 1801. F b. 
 1802-06. Indexed. 5 v. Q. 
 
 Published by Ezra ("Dominie") Sampson, George Chittenden, and 
 Harry Crosswell ; an influential Federalist paper, having a national cir- 
 culation. Removed to Albany, q. v., 1808. 
 
 Hudson Gazette (w). 1795, 4 nos. 
 
 With Poughkeepsie Journal, 1793-94. First paper in Hudson ; founded 
 Apr., 1785, by Charles R. Webster (of Albany Gazette) and Ashbel 
 Stoddard ; published by Stoddard till 1804, then suspended. 
 
 Rural Repository (s-m). Vol. 1. June, 1824-May, 1835; Apr. 11, 
 1840. Indexed. ,0. 
 
 Founded June, 1824, by William B. Stoddard ; literary ; suspended 
 1851. 
 
 Jamestown 
 
 Union Advocate (w). June, 1907-1909. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Apr., 1900, by Sprague Bros., and still conducted by them. 
 
 Woman's Label League Journal (w). Aug., 1907; Aug., 1908. 
 
 Johnstown 
 
 Fulton County Republican (w). Apr. 24, 1839. 
 
 Keeseville 
 
 Keeseville Argus Extra. Mar. 22, 1837. 
 
 Northern Gazette (w). Aug. 4, 1856. 
 
 Kingston 
 
 Ulster Gazette (w). Aug. 18, Sept. 22, 1804. 
 
 Same. Fac-simile. Jan. 4, 1800. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1801-1810. 
 
 [160] 
 
New York 
 
 Lancaster 
 
 Lancaster Gazette. Sept. 29, 1864. 
 
 Union and Republican Sentinel. June 23, 1846. 
 
 Lansingburg 
 
 Tiffany's Recobdeb. Aug. 12, 1794. 
 With Mass. Spy, 1793-04. 
 
 Le Roy 
 
 Le Roy Gazette (w). 1827. Pi, 
 
 Established 1826 by J. O. Balcb. 
 
 Lockport 
 
 Niagara Democrat (w). June, 1854 — June, 1855. Ft. 
 
 First paper in Niagara County; established 1821 at Lewiston, by 
 B. Ferguson ; removed next year to Lockport ; issued as weekly edition 
 of Daily Union, 1862-96 ; then of Union Sun. Conducted by J. A. Wol- 
 cott and R. M. Skeels, 1870-71 ; Skeels & Boyce, 1872 ; E. M. Skeels * 
 Co., 1873-79 ; Union Ptg. and Pub. Co., 1880-96 ; Union Sun Co., 1897- 
 1901 or later. Published by Corson Mfg. Co. and edited by M. H. 
 Hoover. Democratic. 
 
 Lowville 
 
 Northern Journal (w). Sept. 16, 1841; June 17, 1847. 
 
 Martinsburg 
 
 Lewis County Republican (w). 1834-1836, scat. nos. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1829 by James Wheeler and conducted by him till some time 
 in 1836 ; then sold to Daniel S. Bailey. Styled Lewis Republican after 
 Aug. 25, 1835. 
 
 Mexico 
 
 Mexico Independent (w). June-Dec., 1861. Fs. 1862-66 (incomp.). 
 FT. 
 
 Founded 1861. Published by Humphries & Scarritt, 1863-65; sine* 
 then by Henry Humphries. 
 
 Middletown 
 
 Sibyl (s-m). Vols. 1-8. July, 1856-June, 1864. Indexed. 3 t. F. 
 Edited by Lydia Sayer Hasbrouck, M. D. Dress reform. 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Monroe Republican (w). Jan. 1, 1822. 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York, continued: 
 
 Mott Haven 
 
 Westchester Gazette (w). Aug., 1851-July, 1852. F«. 
 
 Removed from West Farms, Apr., 1851 ; and to Morrisania, June 5, 
 1852 ; suspended, 1856. 
 
 New York City 
 
 Abend Blatt (d). July 8, 1896; June 19, 1901. 
 
 Daily Adveetisek. 1788; 1790; 1792; Jan.- June, 1793 (incomp.) ; July- 
 Dec, 1793. 5 v. Ps. 1797. F«. Dec. 19, 1826. 
 
 Pounded Mar., 1785, by Francis Childs & Co. ; edited by Philip Fre- 
 neau, 1790-91 ; Theodore Dwight, 1817-36 ; merged in Express, 1836. 
 
 Constellation Advertises. Apr. 27, 1833. 
 
 National Advertiser (s-m). Vols. 3-5. 1892. O. 
 Founded 1890 by National Advertiser Co. 
 
 American Advertiser Reporter (w). Vols. 5-6. 1891-92. -O. 
 
 Founded 1S86 by American and Mercantile Collection Assn. and pub- 
 lished by it till 1889 ; Reporter Ptg. Co., 1890-93. No later mention 
 in directories. Edited after 1888 by W. B. Wilcox. 
 
 National Advocate (s-w). June-Dec, 1820; 1822-23. 3 v. Fo. 
 
 • Same. Jan. 5, 1819. 
 
 With S. Y. Spectator, Sept., 1815-16. 
 
 Same (d). June 28, 1816-Dec, 1818; 1823-24. 9 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1812, by Tammany Hall ; edited by Henry Wheaton 
 (1812-15), M. M. Noah (1815-25), James Gordon Bennett (1825-27), 
 and S. S. Conant (1827-28) ; then united with Statesman. 
 
 Advocate and Family Guardian (s-m). Aug. 16, 1858. 
 
 Advocate and Moral Reform (s-m). Aug.-Oct., 1839. Q. 
 
 Founded 1834 by American Female Moral Reform Soc. Published for 
 them by George Cragln. Social morals. 
 
 Albion (w). June, 1822-May, 1824; July, 1828-May, 1829; July, 1829- 
 1838; 1840; 1842-65; Oct., 1867-Dec, 1869. Indexed. 41 v. F4-*. 
 
 Same. Vol. 9. June, 1830— June, 1831. Vols. 37-43. 1859-65. 
 
 7 v. Fs. 
 
 Established June, 1822, by John S. Bartlett, as organ of English resi- 
 dents in TJ. S. ; published and edited by him till 1848, then by William 
 Young, later by Kinahan Cornwallis till 1870 ; Piercy Wilson, 1871-73 ; 
 John Hillyer, 1874-77. No later mention in directories. After 1851 
 the volumes are numbered as if consecutive from the first (1822). 
 
 Aldine (m). 1871. F. 
 
 Founded 1868. Published by Sutton, Bowne & Co., 1870 ; James Sut- 
 tion & Co., 1871-80. No later mention in directories. Styled AISAM 
 Press till 1871. Devoted to interests of American art. 
 
 [162] 
 
New York 
 
 Altruist (q). Oct., 1897. 
 
 American (s-w). Vol. 1. Mar., 1819— Mar., 1820. Partly indexed 
 
 Founded Mar., 1819, by Charles King (son of Rufus, and afterwards 
 president of Columbia College) and Johnston Verplanck ; at first a Tam- 
 many organ, later became Whig and National Republican ; merged in 
 Courier and Enquirer, 1845. This volume contains a signature of Aaron 
 Burr. 
 
 New York American (d). 1823-27; Jan.-June, 1829; Feb.-Dec, 183i. 
 
 13 v. Fe. 
 
 r 
 
 This, the daily edition of the American (q. v.), was founded in 1820; 
 
 edited till 1829 by Johnston Verplanck. 
 
 Same (s-w). 1823; May, 1831-Dec, 1832; Jan., 1833-May, 1835 
 
 (incomp.); Oct., 1835-Apr., 1837. 4 v. Fs. 
 t 
 American Athenaeum: (w). Jan.-June, 1868. F. 
 
 American Industries (s-m). 1903+ F*; Q. 
 
 Successor of American Trade, Philadelphia, q. v. Published (1911) by 
 Natl. Manufacturers' Co. — J. C. Van Cleave, pres. Edited by Henry 
 Harrison Lewis since May, 1908. 
 
 American Monthly Review of Reviews. 
 See Review of Reviews. 
 
 Anglo-American (w). Vols. 1-9. Apr., 1843-Nov., 1847. Indexed. 
 9 v. F. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1843, by B. L. Garvin & Co. Edited by A. D. Paterson 
 till his death in Oct., 1847. At the end of the year merged in Anion, 
 q. v. 
 
 Anglo-Saxon (w). June 19, 1847. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841-49. Printed in phonetic 
 type. Spelling reform. 
 
 National Anti-SLavert Standard (w), 1840-54 (incomp.) ; 1855-Apr., 
 
 1870. 10 v. FT. 
 
 Organ of American Anti-Slavery Society ; edited by Nathaniel P. Rogers, 
 Edmund Quincy, Sidney Howard Gay, Aaron M. Powell, Wendell Phillips, 
 and others ; James Russell Lowell, corresponding editor, 1848-52. Dis- 
 continued, Apr., 1870. 
 
 Appleton's Journal (w). Vols. 1-15. Apr., 1869-June, 1876. In- 
 dexed. 15 v. Q. 
 
 Published by D. Appleton & Co. Continued thereafter as a magazine ; 
 edited by O. B. Bunce ; suspended Dec, 1881. 
 
 Arbeiteb (w). Mar., 1858. Q. 
 
 Arbeiter (w). Jewish. May, 1907+ Fs. 
 
 Founded 1905. Published since 1907 by Socialist Labor Club. 
 
 [163] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk City, continued: 
 
 Aebeiteb-Zeitung (w). Oct. 17, 24. 
 
 Gross New Yorker Aebeiteb-Zeitung (w) . 1898-1900, 8 nos. Pe. 
 
 Abbetaben (w). Scandinavian. 1903-1910. 4 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1894. Published by Scand. Soc. Co-op. Pub. Assn., 1903; 
 Scand. Soc. Pub. Assn., Apr., 1903-July, 1906; since then by Scand. 
 Soc. Labor Federation ; edited by A. H. Lyzell. 
 
 General Arbitration (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Jjuly, 1907. 
 
 Aemy and Navy Journal (w). Vols. 1-39. Aug., 1863-1902. Indexed. 
 33 v. F*. 1903 + 
 
 Published by W. C. Church till 1866; since then by W: C. and F. P. 
 Church. 
 
 Art in Advebtising (m). 1890-92. O. * 
 
 American Artisan (w). Vols. 1-13. May, 1865-1871. 13 v. F. 1870- 
 71. 12 v. F. Vol. 9. July-Bee, 1869. F. 
 
 Same (m). Vol. 18. 1874. F 
 
 Founded May, 1865 (old series May, 1864-May, 1865), by Brown, 
 Coombs & Co. (H. T. Brown, J. W. Coombs, W. D. Bowerman) ; sub- 
 title, Patent Record. After 1874 issued monthly by H. T. Brown and L-. 
 Allen, till 1876. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Atlas (w). Vols. 1-2. Sept., 1828-Sept, 1830. Indexed. 2 v. Fs. 
 Vol. 4. Sept., 1831-Sept, 1832. Indexed. F*. July 30, 1843. 
 
 Published by T. D. Porter and E. Prescott; "a literary, historical, and 
 commercial reporter." 
 
 Sunday Morning Atlas (w). Aug., 1840-May, 1841. F«. 
 
 Established 1838 by Anson Herrick, Jesse Fell, and Frederick West; 
 oldest Sunday paper published in N. Y. Published (Saturdays) by An- 
 son Herrick's Sons, 1870-73 — edited by Carleton M. Herrick ; then ap- 
 parently suspended. A new Atlas appeared in the directories of 1879 
 and 1880, claiming foundation in 1833. 
 
 Deutsche-Amerikanische Backeb-Zeitung. 
 
 See Bakers' Journal, under Paterson, N. J. 
 
 Bakebs' Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Paterson, N. J. 
 
 Bakebs' Review (m). May, 1909; Sept., 1909+ Q. 
 
 Founded 1898 by Bakers' Review Pub. Co., and conducted by it till 
 1901 or later; now by William B. Gregory & Co. Among editors have 
 been Emil Braun and Rudolph Fries. 
 
 Bankrupt Register (s-m). Vol.3. 1869-70. Q. 
 
 Founded 1867. Published by George T. Deller, 1869-71. Edited by P. 
 V. R. Van Wyck, 1870 ; Audley W. Gazzam, 1871. Styled National 
 Bankruptcy Register after 1870. 
 
 [164] 
 
New York 
 
 Banneb of the Constitution (w). Vol. 2. Nov., 1830-Apr., 1831. F*. 
 See same title, under Washington, D. C. 
 
 American Baptist. 
 
 See Christian Contributor, under Boston, Mass. 
 
 Beacon Light (w). Apr. 24, 1886. 
 
 Better Times (w). Dec. 6, 1902. 
 
 Bishop's Co-operative Magazine (m). Jan., 1887. 
 
 Book Buyeb (m). Vols. 1-4. 1867-71. 2 v. O. 
 
 Book Bdteb (m). Vols. 1-32. 1884-1908. 30 v. O. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1884 by Charles Scribner's Sons, and since published by them. 
 Styled Lamp. 1903 — Jan., 1905. 
 
 Bookman (m). Vols. 1-30. 1895-1910. 31 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1895 by Dodd, Mead & Co., and since published by them. 
 
 Boulevabdieb (w). Dec. 17, 25, 1905. 
 
 Botcotteb (w). Feb. 13, 1886. 
 
 Bradstbeet's (w). Vols. 11-16. 1885-88. 6 v. F*. 
 Full file in U. W. Library. 
 
 Bricklayeb and Mason (m). Vols. 1-11. 1898-1908. F*. 1909+ Q. 
 Founded 1898 by Thomas O'Dea. Since 1899 published by Bricklayers' 
 and Masons' Internatl. Union. Edited by Edward A. Moffett, 1899- 
 Dec, 1905 ; since then by William Dobson. Removed to Indianapolis, 
 Ind., Dec, 1905. Styled Bricklayer, Mason and Plasterer since Feb., 
 1910. 
 
 Bbtdgemen's Magazine. 
 
 See same title, under Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 Bbotheb Jonathan (w). Vols. 1-6. 1842-43. Indexed. 6 v. Q. Jubi- 
 lee number, July 4, 1845. Fs. 
 
 Published by Wilson & Co., later by Edward Stephens ; edited by John 
 Neal, 1843. 
 
 Bbotheb Jonathan Extra. 1842-43. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Deutsch-Amerikanische Buchdbuckeb Zeitung. 
 See same title, under Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Building Tbades Employers Association Bulletin (m). Mar., 1904. 
 
 New York Bulletin (w). Aug. 8, 1843; Jan. 9, 1844. 
 
 Butchebs' Advocate and Market Journal (w). Nov., 1904. 
 
 [165] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York City, continued: 
 
 Cabinet of Instruction, Literature, and Amusement (w). Vols. 1-S. 
 
 Sept., 1828-June, 1830. Indexed. 3 v. O. Jan.-June, 1831. 
 
 1 v. O. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1828, by Theodore Burling and published by him till 
 July, 1829; Henry R. Piercy, July, 1829-June, 1830; Rev. J. N. Maffltt, 
 June, 1830-June, 1831. 
 
 New York Call (d). May, 1908+ F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1908, by Workingmen's Co-op. Pub. Assn. Published 
 evenings till June. 1910, and styled New York Evening Call; since then 
 mornings. Socialist labor. 
 
 Cap-Makers' Journal (m). Oct., Nov., 1903. 
 
 Carpentry and Building (m). Vols. 1-7. 1879-85. 7 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1879 by David Williams and conducted by him till 1900 (with 
 
 A. O. Kittredge, 1889-96) ; since then by David Williams Co. Now 
 edited by Henry Colwell. 
 
 New York Weekly Caucasian. Oct., 1862-Sept, 1863. F«. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1861, as successor of Day Book; opposed granting poli- 
 tical equality to negroes ; excluded from mails by postal authorities, Oct., 
 1861-Dec, 1862 : suspended Sept., 1863, and publication o£ Day Boole re- 
 sumed ; both published by Van Evrie & I-Iorton. 
 
 'Century (w). May 3, 1879. 
 
 International Record of Charities and Correction ■ (m) . Aug., Sept., 
 1886. 
 
 Cherub. 
 
 See same title, under Boston, Mass. 
 
 Chinese American (w). Mar. 31, 1883. 
 
 With Span. Amer., Scand., and Orient. Newspapers, 1822-93. 
 
 Daily Christian Advocate. May 9-June 1, 1888. Fs. 
 
 Organ of General Conference of' Methodist Episcopal Church ; edited by 
 W. H. De Puy. 
 
 Christian Advocate (w). Vol. 41. 1866. Vols. 43-46. 1868-71. 5 v. 
 Fe. Vols. 47-72. 1872-97. 21 v. F=. Vols. 73-85. 1898-1910. 
 13 v. F. 
 
 See Christian Advocate and Journal. 
 
 Christian Advocate and Journal, and Zion's Herald (w). Aug., 1832- 
 July, 1834. Fe. 1828-47, 1861-64, scat. nos. 
 Founded 1826. Published (1832-34) for the M. E. denomination by 
 
 B. Waugh and T. Mason ; edited by J. P. Durbin and T. Merritt, Aug., 
 1832-July, 1834, when the former became head of Dickinson College — 
 he was succeeded as editor by N. I'.angs ; Rev. Daniel Curry, 1868 for- 
 ward ; Rev. J. M. Buckley since 1880 (with Rev. W. H. De Puy, 1876- 
 
 i 1901). See also Christian Advocate. 
 
 [166] 
 
New York 
 
 Christian Ambassador (w). Feb. 25, 1854. 
 
 Cheistian Herald and Signs of Our Times (w). Vol. 16. 1893; Vol. 
 18. 1895; Vols. 20-28. 1897-1905. 11 v. P. Also 1892-95 (in- 
 comp.). 
 
 Founded 1877. Conducted by Joseph Spurgeon, 1879; Benjamin Ait> 
 kin, 1880 ; Charles Walton, 1884-86 ; Rev. M. Baxter, 1887-88 ; Rev. J. 
 E. Jewett, 1889; Louis Klopseh, 1890-1910. Edited by Rev. T. Dewitt 
 Talmadge, 1890-1902. 
 
 Christian Inquirer (w). Jan.-Nov., 1866. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1846, by N. Y. Unitarian Assn. Edited by Rev. Henry 
 W. Bellows (with associates). Styled Liberal Christian Dec, 1866-Dec, 
 1876 ; then Inquirer till suspended at end of 1877. Unitarian. 
 
 Cheistian Intelligencer (w). Aug., 1831-July, 1833. Indexed. 2 t. 
 
 F 8. 
 
 Published (1871) by Charles Van Wyck ; later, by Christian Intelli- 
 gencer Assn. Edited by E. R. Atwater, 1871 ; Rev. Harvey D. Yanse, 
 1872-76 (with Rev. ,T. R. Taylor after 1873) ; Rev. J. M. Ferris, 1877- 
 86; Rev. John B. Drury, 1887-1909. 
 
 Cheistian Journal and Literary Register (bi-w). Vol. 1. 1817. In- 
 dexed. O. 
 
 Same (m). Vols. 4-5, 7-11. 1820-21; Jan., 1823-May, 1827 
 
 (incomp.). Indexed. 3 v. O. 
 
 Cheistian Union (w). Vols. 1-2. 1870-71 (incomp.); Vol. 3. Jan.- 
 June, 1871. F>. Vols. 5-10. 1872-74. 6 v.; Vols. 11-15. 1875- 
 July, 1877 (incomp.); Vol. 16. July-Dec, 1877; Vol. 17. Jan.- 
 June, 1878 (incomp.); Vols. 18-19. July, 1878-June, 1879. 2 v.; 
 Vol. 20. July-Dec, 1879 (incomp.); Vols. 23-43. 1881-June, 
 1891. 15 v. P*. Vols. 44-47. July, 1891-June, 1893. 4 v. F. 
 Founded 1869 by Henry Ward Beecher, who bought Church Union as 
 its basis. Edited successively by Crammond Kennedy, Henry Ward 
 Beecher, Lyman Abbott, and Hamilton Mabie. Styled Outlook (q. v.) 
 after 1893. Theodore Roosevelt contributing editor since 1910. 
 
 American and Foreign Christian Union (m). Vols. 2-11. 1851-60. 
 Indexed. 10 v. O. 
 
 Organ of society of the same name ; continued as Christian World, 
 q. v., Jan., 1861. 
 
 Christian Work (w). Jan.-Nov., 1897; 1908-1909. F. 
 
 See Christian at Work. 
 
 Cheistian at Work ,(w). 1883-85, scat, nos.; 1891-92 (incomp.). 
 1893. 2 v. F*. 1902-1903. 2 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1868. Published by H. W. Adams, 1870-73; H. C. King, 
 1874-75; B. H. Corwin, 1876: J. N. Hallock, 1877-1909. Edited by Rev. 
 Stephen H. Tyng Jr., 1870-71: Rev. T. DeWitt Talmadge, 1875 T 1876; 
 Rev W N Taylor, 1877-83 ; Rev. J. N. Hallock, 1884-1909. 
 
 [167] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York Citt, continued: 
 
 Christian World (m). Vols. 12-32. 1861-81. Indexed. 21 t. 0. 
 Continuation of American and Foreign Christian Vnion, q. v., and 
 organ of society of that name. 
 
 Morning Chronicle. Apr. '8, 1807. 
 
 Chronicle (w). Aug., 1872-Nov., 1873; 1877, 4 nos. Q. 
 See same title, under Chicago. Insurance. 
 
 New York Chronicle (w) . May-Nov., 1769. F. 
 
 Established 1768, by Alexander and James Robertson ; suspended ott 
 their removal to Albany, late in 1771. 
 
 Church Journal (m). Vol. 7. 1859-60. 1855, 1868, 1870, & nos. F±. 
 
 Founded 1852. Published (1859-60) by Eev. John H. Hopkins and 
 Dr. Roland S. Houghton ; Houghton & Co., 1870-71 ; Revs. W. A. Mat- 
 son, Hugh M. Thompson, and W. T. Gibson, 1872. Apparently united 
 with Gospel Messenger in 1873, and continued as Church Journal ontf 
 Gospel Messenger till 1878. 
 
 Churchman (w). Sept. 10, 1836; Aug. 14, 1847; Sept. 13, 1855; Sept 
 20, 1860. Vols. 31-65. 1875-June, 1892. Vols. 67-85. 1893- 
 June, 1902. Vols. 87-90. 1903-1904. F. 
 See same title, under Hartford, Conn. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Churchman's Monthly Magazine. Vol. 5. 1858. O. 
 
 Pounded 1853. Published (1858) by E. P. Allen; edited by Rev. 
 George B. Draper. 
 
 Cigar Maker's Official Journal (m). Mar., 1876-Qct, 1877. Q. Vols. 
 3-5. 1877-Sept., 1880. Fs. Vols. 6-7. Oct., 1880-Sept, 1882. 
 F. Vols. 8-32. Oct., 1882-1908. 11 v. Q. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1875. Edited by G. W. Perkins since 1901. Moved to Buf- 
 falo, Feb., 1886; to Chicago, Jan., 1893. 
 
 New York Citizen (w). June 17, 1865; Feb. 24, Mar. 3, 1866. 
 
 Greater New York Citizen. Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct. 25, 1897. 
 
 Official organ of Committee on Labor and Social Reform of Citizens' 
 Union. 
 
 Civic Councilor (w). Feb.-Nov., 1901. F; Fs. 
 
 National Civic Federation Monthly Review. Vols. 1-2. 1903-1907. F*. 
 Founded Apr., 1903, organ of National Civic Federation. Edited by 
 Ralph M. Easley. 
 
 American Magazine of Cmcs. 
 
 See American Journal of Politics. 
 
 Classmate (w). Vol. 7. 1900. F*. 
 
 Founded 1893. Edited by Jesse Lyman Hurlbut, Jan.-July, 1900! Rev. 
 Thomas B. Neely, July-Dec. Methodist Episcopal. 
 
 [168] 
 
New York 
 
 Cloakmaker (w). Yiddish. Dec. 22, 1906. 
 
 N. Y. Weekly Bulletin of the Clothing Teades. Vols. 1-4. 1902-1905. 
 3 v. F*. 1906+ 
 
 Founded July, 1902, as organ of United Journeymen Tailors" Union of 
 Greater New York. Published by C. J. Stillwell till Feb., 1903; George 
 S. Jones, Feb.-Aug., 1903 ; then bought by United Garment Workers of 
 America, absorbing Garment Worker. Edited by Henry White and J. W. 
 Sullivan, Aug., 1903-July, 1904; Sullivan, July, 1904-May, 1906; S. L. 
 Landers, May, 1906-Dec, 1909; since then by B. A. Larger. 
 
 Cobbett's American Political Register (w). Vol. 30. Jan.- June, 1816. 
 
 O. 
 
 Edited by William Cobbett ("Peter Porcupine," pseud.), the English! 
 political writer; of short duration. See also Coooett's Political Register, 
 London. 
 
 Collier's National Weekly. 1895-1904 (incomp.). 1905-1908. 8 v. 
 
 P*. 1909 + 
 
 Founded 1S87 by Peter F. Collier, and conducted by him till 1898; 
 since then by Robert J. Collier. 
 
 New York Colonization Journal (m). 1852-63 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 With Liberia Colonization Papers, 1830-63. Devoted to colonization 
 of American negroes in Africa; established 1851; published by N. T. 
 State Colonization Society ; edited by J. B. Pinney. 
 
 Columbian (d). Nov., 1809-Apr., 1810. Fe. 
 
 Published by Charles Holt, who founded the Bee at New London, Conn. 
 (1797), and removed to Hudson, N. T. (1802), on account of prosecution, 
 under the Sedition Act; after 1817, by Alden Spooner, of Long Island 
 Star, Brooklyn. 
 
 Same. June 9, 1817. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 Journal of Commerce (d). June 21, 1836; Aug. 11, 1841; May, 1861- 
 1863; July, 1865-June, 1866; Jan-June, 1867. 8 v. P». Jan., 
 1908-1910. 14 v. P«. 1911+ 
 
 Same (w). Aug., 1871-Mar., 1877. 2 v. F K 
 
 Founded 1827 by Arthur and Lewis Tappan. Edited by William Max- 
 well, 1827-28 ; Gerard Hallock, 1828-61 ; William C. Prime, 1861- 
 66; David M. Stone, 1866-93; since then controlled by A. W. Dods- 
 worth and others of his family. 
 
 Commercial Advertiser (d). Oct. 2, 1797 (fac-simile). Dec. 30, 1841. 
 Successor of Minerva (Oct., 1797) ; oldest evening daily now published 
 In New York City. Edited by Noah Webster till 1803 ; Zachariah Lewis, 
 1803-20; William L. Stone, 1820-44; successively (1844-83) by John 
 Inman, William H. Hurlbert, Thurlow Weed, and Hugh Hastings ; John 
 Cockerill, 1891-95; Foster Coates, 1896; since then by H. J. Wright 
 Styled Globe and Commercial Advertiser since 1904. 
 
 [169] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York City, continued: 
 
 Commercial and Financial Chronicle (w). Vols. 10-57. 1870-93. In- 
 dexed. 47 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1865. Devoted to commercial and industrial interests of 
 United States ; published by W. B. Dana and Co. ; absorbed Bunt's Mer- 
 chants' Magazine, Dec, 1870. 
 
 Commercial and Financial Chronicle (w). Vols. 20, 24-25. Jan- 
 June, 1875; 1877. Indexed. 3 v. F. Vol. 63. 1896 (incomp.). 
 Successor of Hunt's Merchants' Magazine; published by William B. 
 Dana & Co. 
 
 Commonwealth (w; m). 1895-98, 1899-1901 (incomp.). O. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1893, by Commonwealth Co., and still conducted by It. 
 Edited for a time by C. P. Somerby. Socialist. 
 
 Comrade (m). Oct., 1901-Apr., 1905. 3 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1001 by Comrade Co-op. Pub. Co., and published by it 1903- 
 Apr.. 1905. Edited by John Spargo after Jan., 1902. Socialist. 
 
 Continent. 
 
 See Our Continent, under Philadelphia. 
 
 Cook's American Travellers Gazette. 
 See Cook's Excursionist. 
 
 Cook's Excursionist (m). 1892-1902. 4 v. F*. 1903-1904; 1906-1908. 
 
 3 v. F. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1851 by Thomas A. Cook, and since published by him and 
 his son. Issued in London, with an American _ edition in New York. 
 Since 1902 styled Cook's American Traveller's Gazette. 
 
 Co-operative News (q). Vol. 1. 1887, 3 nos. 
 
 Co-operator (m). Vol. 1. 1881, 5 nos. Q. 
 
 Copway's American Indian (w). Aug. 23, Sept. 6, 1851. 
 
 Corsair (w). Vol. 1. Mar., 1839-Mar., 1840. Indexed. F. 
 Edited by N. P. Willis and T. O. Porter. 
 
 New York Family Courier (w). Jan. 22, 1853. 
 
 •Morning Courier and New York Enquirer for the Country (s-w). 1830- 
 Mar., 1831. F«. 
 Published by James W. Webb and Daniel E. Tylee. 
 
 Courrier des Etats-Unis (w). French. May, 1845-May, 1846. Mar.- 
 Dec, 1847 (tri-w). Sept., 1867-Oct, 1871. 4 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1828 ; devoted to interests of B'rench residents in V. S., 
 and to French literature ; established daily edition in 1851 ; successfully 
 conducted for many years by Frederic Gaillardet, afterwards by Charles 
 Lassallo and Leon Meunier. 
 
 [170 
 
New York 
 
 American Craftsman (w). 1897-98, 5 nos. F *. 
 
 Crayon (w; m. Jan., 1856). Vols. 1-7. 1855-60. Indexed. 7 v. Q. 
 Edited by W. J. Stillman and J. Durand. Art. 
 
 Bulletin of National Association of Credit Men (m). 1904-1909 (in- 
 comp. ) . O. 
 
 Founded 1900. Published by the sec.-treas.. Charles E. Meek, 1904- 
 1909. No later mention in directories. 
 
 •Crisis (w). Jan.-Apr., 1775. F. 
 
 Reprinted from London publication by John Anderson. See same title, 
 under London, Eng. 
 
 ■Criterion (w). Vols. 1-2. Nov., 1855- July, 1856. F. 
 
 Published by Charles E. Rode ; soon merged in Amer. Pub. Circular. 
 
 Critic (w). Vol. 1. Nov., 1828-May, 1829. Indexed. O. 
 Edited by William Leggett. Literary. 
 
 Critic (bi-w; w; m). Vols. 1-32. 188T.-98. 32 v. Q. Vols. 33-49. 
 1898-1906. 18 v. O. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1881, by Jeannette L. and Joseph B. Gilder, and edited 
 by them till 1902 ; then by Miss Gilder till Oct., 1906, when combined 
 with Putnam's Monthly (styled Putnam's Magazine from 1909 till its 
 suspension, Apr., 1910). Published by Critic Co. till 1898, then by Put- 
 nam. Absorbed Good Literature, June, 1884, Literary World, Jan., 1905. 
 Literary and dramatic. 
 
 Cuba (w). Dec, 1897-Apr., 1898. Fa. 
 
 English edition of Cuba y Puerto Rico. Founded 1897 by G. Forrest 
 and conducted by him till 1898. No later mention in directories. 
 
 ■Current Literature (m). Vols. 1-5. 1888-90. 5 v. F. Vols. 6-14. 
 1891-93. 9 v. O. Vols. 15-27. 1894-1900. 13 v. F. Vols. 28- 
 49. 1900-1910. 23 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1888 by Current Literature Pub. Co., and since published by 
 it. Edited s'nce July, 1905, by Edward J. Wheeler (editor Literary Di- 
 gest, 1895-1905). 
 
 New York Day Book (d). June 27, 1855. 
 
 Day Star (w). Sept. 3, 1885; Aug. 19, 1886. 
 
 Delineator (m). Vols. 69-76. 1907-1910. 8 v. Q. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1873 by Butterick Co., and since published by them. Fashion. 
 
 Democrat (d). Aug., 1868-Aug., 1869. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Conducted by M. M. Pomeroy. Styled A". Y. Democrat, Jan., 1869. 
 
 National Democrat (s-m). Vol. 1, No. 1. June 1, 1900. F. 
 
 Defense Bee (w). Vol. 1, Nos. 1-39. Sept., 1907-June, 1908. O. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1907, by Typographical Union No. 6, and published by 
 it until June, 1908. No later data obtainable. 
 
 [171] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk City, continued: 
 
 Jahrbucher der Deutsch-Amebikanischen Turnerei (m). 1892, 2 nos.' 
 1903, 4 nos. O. 
 
 Diaet and Mercantile Advertiser (d). Mar.-Aug., 1797, scat, nos.; 
 Aug., 1797-Aug., 1810 (very incomp.) ; June 4, 1811. F e . 
 
 Successor of Loudon's Diary, published by John I. Johnson till June 17, 
 then by "John Crookes for the proprietor ;" afterwards by Amos Butler, 
 till after 1835, as Mercantile Advertiser. 
 
 Diaey, or Loudon's Register (d). 1793; Jan.- June, Oct.-Dec., 1794- 
 2 v. F5. 
 
 Successor of ]V. Y. Packet, q. v., under Fisnkill, N. T. ; a leading Fed- 
 eralist paper. 
 
 Weekly Dispatch. Vol. 1. Apr., 1839-Feb., 1840. Fs. 
 
 Edited by H. Hastings Weld; merged in Brother Jonathan, Feb., 1840,. 
 when Daily Dispatch was united with Tattler. 
 
 Dun's Review (w). 1898-1900. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Eclectic and Peacemaker (m). Vol. 1. 1876, 2 nos.; Vol. 2. 1877,. 
 2 nos. 
 
 Ecijpse (w). Nov. 28, Dec. 5, 1899. 
 
 - American Economist (w). Vols. 3-45. 1889- July, 1910. 43 v. Q.. 
 July, 1910+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1888, and since published by American Protective Tariff 
 League (Wilbur F. Wakeman, secretary). 
 
 International Economist (w). Apr. 10, July 11, 1904. 
 
 Elore (w). Hungarian. Oct., 1909+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1904. Published since 1909 by Hungarian Socialist Federation 
 of America. Edited by sec.-treas. till Jan., 1911 ; since then by William. 
 
 E. Kramolin. , 
 
 Emancipator (w). 1839, 8 nos.; May 6-Nov. 25, 1841; Feb. 4-Dec. 
 
 1842; Feb. 1, 1844. ps. 
 
 Published by American Anti-Slavery Society and Massachusetts Aboli- 
 tion Society ; edited by Joshua Leavitt. 
 
 Engineering and Building Record, and Sanitary Engineer (w). Vols.. 
 19-21. Nov., 1888— May, 1890. Indexed. 3 v. F*. 
 Continued as Engineering Record, q. v. 
 
 Engineering Record (w). Vol. 25. Dec, 1891-May, 1892. Indexed. . 
 F*. 
 
 Founded 1877 by Henry C. Meyer and conducted by him till 1892 ; then 
 edited by him, but published by William Gibson Jr., till 1898 ; then pub- 
 lished by Engineering Eecord Co. till 1901 or later ; now published by Mc- 
 Graw Pub. Co. and edited by John M. Goodell. Styled Sanitary Engineer- 
 till 1887. 
 
 [172] 
 
New York 
 
 Engineebing and Milling Journal (w). Vols. 21-23. 1876; Jan.- June, 
 1877. Indexed. 3 t. F. 
 Edited by Richard P. Rothwell and Rossiter W. Raymond. 
 
 Evangelical Guardian and Review (m). Vol.1. 1817. O. 
 Published by "an association of clergymen." 
 
 Evangelist (w). Jan. 2, 1841; Apr. 2, 1857. 
 N. Y. Evening Call. 
 
 See Call. 
 
 Examinee and Chronicle (w). 1876, 6 nos. F<s. 
 
 With St. Paul Pioneer Press, 1876. Continuation (1855) of Recorder 
 and Register (Register founded 1823, at Utica) which was bought by 
 Rev. Edward Bright and Rev. S'. S. Cutting. Thereafter conducted by 
 Bright till his death in 1894 (with Cutting one year, and later with 
 Henry C. Vedder). Since then edited by Edward Bright Jr., T. O. Con- 
 ant, Rev. H. L. Wayland, and John B. Calvert, formerly of Christian 
 Inquirer. Merged with Examiner, Mar., 1895. 
 
 New York Weekly Express. Nov., 1845-Jan., 1847. Ft. 
 
 Same (s-w). Sept. 17, 1847. 
 
 Weekly edition of Evening Express (founded June, 1836, by James 
 and Erastus Brooks) ; successively Whig, Know-Nothing, and Democrat; 
 merged in Evening Mail. 
 
 Faib Plat (m). 1906, 3 nos.; Jan., 1908. 
 
 Fair Plat. Vol. 1, No. 2. Aug. 31, 1907. 
 
 Organ of Commercial Telegraphers' Union of Amer. 
 
 Fame (m). Vol. 1. Mar., 1892-Feb., 1893; Vols. 2-4. 1894-95 (in- 
 comp.); 1896-1908. 14 v. O. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1892, by Artemas Ward, and conducted by him till 1909. 
 Advertising. 
 
 Fab and Neab (m). 1892-93. Q. 
 
 Founded 1890 as organ of Assn. of Working Girls' Societies. Edited 
 by Maria Bowen Chapin, O. M. E. Rowe, and Emily M. Morgan, Nov, 
 1892-93. Continued till 1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 New York Faemeb (m). Vols. 9-10. 1836-37 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Founded 1827. Published by D. K. Minor and George C. Schaeffer, 
 1836-37. 
 
 "Working Fabmee (m). Vols. 12, 16-17. Mar-Dec, 1860; 1864-65. 
 Indexed. F b. 
 
 Edited by J. J. Mapes, George E. Waring, and others; by William L. 
 Allison, 1870-75. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Fabmee and Mechanic (w). New Series, Vol. 1. 1847. Indexed. Q. 
 Founded 1845. Conducted (1847) by W. H. Starr. 
 
 [173] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York Citt, continued: 
 
 American Fedehationist (m). Vols. 1-6. 1894-1899. 6 v. Q. Vols. 
 8-16. 1900^-1909'. 10 v. 1910+ 
 
 Founded March, 1804, by Samuel Gompers, president of American Fed- 
 eration of Labor, by order of the Federation. Official Journal thereof.. 
 Still edited by Gompers. Now published at Washington, D. C. 
 
 American Field (w). May, 1884-1890. 13 v. F*. 
 See Field, under Chicago. 
 
 Financier (w). 1872-June, 1874; 1875. 7 v. F. 
 
 Pounded by Financier Co. and published by it till 1873 ; W. H. Board- 
 man, 1874 ; Financier Assn., 1S75. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Financier (w). Vols. 1, 3-4. July-Dec, 1884; July, 1885-June, 1886.. 
 3 v. Q. 1897-1906 (incomp.). Jan-Sept, 1909. 
 
 Devoted to banks and investments ; founded July, 1884, by J. E. Ewing- 
 Published by Financier Pub. Co. since 1886. Now edited by C. A. Hazen.. 
 
 Financial Reformer (in). Nov., 1874. 
 
 Fiee and Water (w). Vols. 4-7, 11. Nov., 1888-June, 1890; Dec, 1891- 
 
 Apr., 1892. 4 v. F*. 
 
 Successor of Fireman's Journal (founded 1877) ; "devoted to Are pro- 
 tection, water supply, and all municipal works." Published since 1895 by 
 F. W. Shepperd — for a time with — Burnham. Now styled Fire ait* 
 Water JSngbneering. 
 
 National Fireman's Journal (w), Vol. 2. Aug., 1878- Jan., 1879 (in- 
 comp.). Q. 
 See Fire and Water. 
 
 Five Points Monthly Record. July, 1855. 
 
 Flag of Our Union (w). 1852, 7 nos.; Feb. 19, 1853. F<s. 
 
 Forlorn Hope (w). Mar. 24, 1799. 
 
 With Albany Register, 1800. Published by convicts in New York 
 state prison. 
 
 Foubth Estate (w). Vols. 1-10. Mar., 1894 — Apr., 1904. 9 v. F. 
 
 Devoted to interests of newspaper publishers and advertisers ; pub» 
 lished by Ernest F. Birmingham (In partnership with Frank H. Lan- 
 caster during first year). 
 
 Frank Leslie's Budget of Fun (m). 1859-1867, 4 nos. 
 
 Frank Leslie's Christmas Pictorial. 1858-59. 
 
 Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper (w). Vols. 1-85. Dec, 1855- 
 1897. 56 v. Fs. 1898 (incomp.). Vols. 89-90. 1899-1900. 2 Y_ 
 Fs. July, 1900-June, 1901. 1901-1905, scat. nos. 
 
 Founded 1855 by Frank Leslie and conducted by him till his death ir» 
 1880 ; since then by his widow. 
 
 [174] 
 
New York 
 
 Fbee Enquirer (w). Vols. 2-3. Oct., 1829-Oct, 1831. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Pounded 1828 by Frances Wright and Robert Dale Owen; successor 
 of New Harmony (Ind.) Gazette. 
 
 ■ Same. Vol. 1. Mar.-Apr., 1829. 
 
 With Souvenir, Phila., 1828-29. 
 
 National Freedman (m). Dec. 15, 1865. 
 
 Freedom's Journal (w). June-Oct, 1827. P. 
 
 Pounded 1827. Conducted by Cornish & Rushwurm. 
 
 Fbeeland (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. May 1, 1904. 
 
 i 
 
 New York and Richmond County Fbee Press (w). Vol. 3. Nov.,. 
 1833-Apr., 1834. Indexed. Q. 
 Published by William Hagadorn. 
 
 Fbee Russia. 
 
 See same title, under London, Eng. 
 
 Fbee Society. 
 
 See same title, under San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Fbeesoileb (m). Aug., 1884. 
 
 Fbeidenker (m). Vols. 1-2. 1871-73. 2 v. O. 
 
 Published by Freidenker Pub. Co ; edited by Dr. Fr. Leiss. Styled Free- 
 thinker in 1874. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Fbeie Arbeiter Stimme (w). Hebrew. Sept., 1907-1909. Fs. 1910+' 
 Founded Oct., 1899. Now edited by S. Tanousky. 
 
 Fbeiheit (w). Vols. 25-32. 1903-1910. F*. 
 
 Founded 1879 by Johann Most, and conducted by him till his death 
 in Mar., 1906. Then published a short time by Freiheit Pub. Assn. %. 
 Max Baginski, July, 1907-Aug., 1910 ; since then by Ernest Bohm. 
 Anarchist. 
 
 Fdbnitube-Wobkers' Journal (bi-w). English-German. Vols. 1-8. Feb.,. 
 1883-90. 4 v. F*; Fs. 
 
 Official organ of International Furniture-Workers Union of Amer. 
 Edited by Henry Emrich till Jan., 1891 ; thereafter published monthly. 
 Printed both in English and German. 
 
 Garment Worker (m). 1896-1903, scat. nos. Q; O. 
 
 Organ of United Garment Workers of Amer. Bought Bulletin of 
 Clothing Trades (q. v.), Aug., 1903, but kept latter's title. 
 
 New York Gazette (w). Apr. 3, 1732; Aug. 30, Sept. 6, 1736. 
 
 With N. E. Weekly Journal, 1738. First paper published in New- 
 York ; founded in 172r> by William Bradford ; organ of colonial govern- 
 ment ; united with Post-Boy, 1743. 
 
 [175] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk Citt, continued: 
 
 Same. Jan. 18, 1762. 
 
 Follows Sept. 7, 1761, of Boston Gazette and Country Journal. 
 
 New York Daily Gazette. May 1, 1789 (reprint). 
 Published by J. & A. M'Lean. 
 
 New York Gazette and "Weekly Mercury. July 8, 22, 1776; June 6, 
 Dec. 4, 1780. Fs. 
 Continuation of Hugh Gaine's Mercury. 
 
 Same. 1782, 6 nos. 
 
 With Royal Gazette, 1781-83. 
 
 New York Gazette, Revived in the Weekly Post-Boy (w) . Sept., 1749- 
 Dec, 1750. F. 
 
 Continuation of Nsic York Gazette, or Weekly Post-Boy; published by 
 James Parker till 1762 ; John Holt, 1762-66 ; Parker again, 1766-70 ; 
 suspended, 1773. 
 
 Gazette of the Union, Golden Rule, and Odd-Fellows' Family Com- 
 panion (w). Vols. 11-14. July, 1849-June, 1851. 4 vols, in 2. 
 F. 
 See Golden Rule etc., q. v. 
 
 Gazette of the United States (s-w). Vols. 1-2. Apr., 1789-Apr., 1791. 
 Indexed. F b. 
 
 Established 1789 by John Fenno ; edited by him till his death (1798) ; 
 a leading Federal paper; removed to Philadelphia (q. T.J, Apr., 1790, 
 when that city became the national capital. 
 
 Gebneb's "Weekly. New Series. Vol. 1. 1877-78; scat. nos. Ft. 
 Formerly Patent Rights' Gazette. 
 
 Gebbit Smith Banner (d). Oct. 16-Nov. 1, 1858. F 5 . 
 
 ■Golden Age (w). Mar., 1871-June, 1872; Aug., 1872-Sept, 1875. 3 T. 
 Ff\ 
 
 Founded by Theodore Tilton, and conducted by him till 1874, when 
 sold to William T. Clarke, his associate editor. Conducted by Clarke, 
 1875. No later mention in directories. 
 
 -Golden Rule and Odd Fellows' Family Companion (w). Vols. 8-9. 
 1848. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Published by E. and J. Winchester; styled Gazette of the Union, 
 Golden Rule, and Odd Fellows' Family Companion, q. v. Published by 
 J. R. Crampton for the proprietor (later by Crampton & Clarke) ; edited 
 by Augustus C. L. Arnold till July, 1849. Organ of I. O. O. F. 
 
 Good Government. 
 
 See same title, under Washington, P. C. 
 
 ■Gbanite Cuttebs' Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Washington, D. C. 
 
New York 
 
 Daily Graphic. May, 1881-Aug, 1883., 10 v. F*. Dec., 1883. 
 
 Founded 1873 by Graphic Co.. and conducted by It till 1885 ; American 
 Graphic Co.. 1886-88; Graphic Co., 1889. No later mention in airec- 
 tones. 
 
 Gbeenleaf's New Daily Advertiser and Argus. Aug., 1799-Mar, 1800 
 F«. 
 
 Successor of N. Y. Journal, q. v.; continued as American Citizen, 
 1800; an influential Democratic organ till 1809; edited by Cheetham; 
 suspended soon after his death (1810). 
 
 <Jreenu:af's New York Journal and Patriotic Register (s-w). May, 
 1798-Dec, 1799 (incomp.). Fe. 
 Continued as Amer. Watchman, 1800 ; suspended about 1810. 
 
 Hammer and Pen (m; q). 1898-Nov., 1908 (incomp.). Q; O. 
 
 Founded (new series) 1898 (old series pub. quarterly). Published by 
 Church Assn. for Advancement of Interests of Labor till 1908. No later 
 mention in directories. 
 
 Harbinger (w). Vol. 2. 1845-46. Vols. 4-5. 1847-48 (incomp.). 
 2 v. Q. 
 Published by Brook Farm Phalanx. 
 
 Harp (m). 1908+ Q; F. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1908, as official organ of Irish Socialist Federation of 
 D. S. Edited by J. E. C. Donnelly till Dec, 1909 ; since then published 
 in Dublin, Ire., and edited by James Connolly. 
 
 Harper's Bazar (w; m). Vols. 3-7. 1870-74. 5 v. Fs. Vol. 8. 1875 
 
 (3 nos. missing). Vols. 9-33. 1876-Apr., 1900. 25 v. F». 
 
 Vols. 33-42. May, 1900-1908. 13 v. O. 
 
 Founded 1867. Edited by Mary Louise Booth till her death, Mar., 
 1S89 ; Margaret E. Sangster, 1889-99 ; since then by Elizabeth G. Jordan. 
 Devoted to fashion, society, literature, and art. 
 
 Harper's Weekly. Vols. 1-46. 1857-June, 1902. 46 v. Fb. Indexed. 
 Vols. 47-56. 1902-1910. 9 v. Q. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1857. Fletcher Harper was editor-in-chief from that time 
 till his death in 1877 ; managing editors, responsible for editorials, John 
 Bonner. 1857-64 ; H. M. Alden, 1864-69 ; George W. Curtis, 1869-92 ; 
 Henry Loomis Nelson, 1892-98; John Ford, 1898-99; since 1899, 
 George 1 McClellan Harvey has been editor — principal managing editors, 
 John Kendrick Bangs, 1899-1901; J. Hamblin Sears, 1901-03; Roland 
 Phillips, 1903-05 ; since then, George Buchanan Fife. Historical sketch 
 in Fiftieth Anniversary number, Jan. 5, 1907. 
 
 Hearth and Home (w). Dec, 1868-Nov., 1871. 3 v. Indexed. F». 
 
 Founded 1868. Published by Pettingill, Bates & Co., the first year — 
 edited by Donald G. Mitchell. Conducted by Orange Judd Co., 1870-75; 
 then by Graphic Co. till suspension in that year. 
 
 New York Morning Herald (d). Oct., 1841-1845; 1856-Apr., 1896. 
 134 v. Fs. Nov.-Dec, 1898. 
 Established by James Gordon Bennett, May, 1835; originally a one- 
 12— N. C. [ 177 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk Cmr, continued: 
 
 cent paper, in 1836 sold at two cents ; pioneer of independent non-parti- 
 san journalism ; originated financial reports as a regular feature, also 
 the cash system of subscription, war maps, and pictorial sketches ; first to 
 organize system of European correspondence ; sent Stanley to find Living- 
 stone in Africa. Conducted by Bennett's son and namesake since 1872. 
 
 Same. Vol. 1, No. 1. May 6, 1835 (facsimile with 1841). 1847- 
 
 51, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 Weekly Heraijj. June, 1841-June, 1842; Aug., 1844-Aug., 1845; Oct., 
 1848-Dec, 1849; 1853-54; 1856-59. 6 v. F«. 
 
 Same. Sept., 1850-Dec, 1851, scat, nos.; 1852. 
 
 With Herald, 1844-45. 
 
 Herald (s-w). 1795; Oct., 1795-Sept, 1796; June, 1796-Sept., 1797. 
 3 v (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Connected with daily N. Y. Minerva (established as a Federal organ 
 by Noah Webster, the lexicographer). The latter was changed to the 
 Commercial Advertiser, which still exists, the oldest daily in New York 
 City. Herald was continued as N. Y. Spectator, q. v. 
 
 New York Herald (s-w). Sept., 1802-Dec, 1805; Sept., 1808-Dec., 
 1809; Nov., 1810-May, 1813 (incomp.); 1814. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Same. 1808, 5 nos. (with N. Y. and Phila. newspapers, 1801- 
 
 10). 1816, 4 nos. (with N. Y. Spectator, Sept., 1815-16). 
 
 Published by Michael Burnham, originally as a weekly edition of Even- 
 ing Post. 
 
 New York Morning Hebald (d). Feb.-Sept, 1830. Fe. 
 
 Founded by Alanson Nash, 1829 ; published by him till August, 1830 ; 
 soon after merged in Standard. 
 
 Ho'^jen'b Magazine (m). Mar., 1851. 
 
 Home a&d Abroad (m). Mar., 1870-Feb., 1871. Indexed. F». 
 
 Founded 1870. Conducted by A. T. Twing and W. H. Hare in interest 
 of church missions. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Home Journal (w). i^ar., 1849-Aug., 1851; 1851-60. 6 v. F?. May, 
 1884-Dec, 1886; 1887. 2 v. Fs. 1892. Fo. 1893-Mar., 1900. 
 Successor of Mirror; edited by G. P. Morris and N. P. Willis till 1867 ; 
 by Morris Phillips till his death in 1904. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Home Missionabt (m). Vols. 1-82. May, 1828-Apr., 1909. Indexed. O. 
 Organ of American Home Missionary Society ; till 1843, had sub-title 
 American Pastor's Journal. Merged in April, 1909, with American Mis- 
 sionary. 
 
 Home Mission Record (m). Sept., 1849-Oct, 1856. 2 v. Fo. 
 
 [178] 
 
New York 
 
 Home Mission Monthly. Nov., 1886-91. Vols. 1-5. Indexed. 5 v. O. 
 
 Organ of Woman's Executive Committee of Home Missions of Presby- 
 terian Church. 
 
 Horseless Age (w; m). Vols. 1-6. 1895-1900. 2 v. O. 1901-190*. 
 7 v. Q. 
 
 Pounded 1895. Published by E. P. Ingersoll until 1909 ; since their 
 by Fred J. Wagner and C. B. Ames. Now edited by P. M. Heldt. 
 
 Illustrated American (w). Vols. 1-25. 1890-June, 1899. 23 v. F*; F:. 
 Founded 1887, by Lorrilard Spencer. Published by Illustrated Ameri- 
 can Pub. Co. till 1893 ; by Spencer, 1894-97 ; by A. B. de Guerville, Not., 
 1897-Apr., 1898; by Roland B. Hennessey and J. Bradley Patterson, 
 Apr., 189S-June. 1899. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Illustrated News (w). Vols. 1-2. Jan.-Nov., 1853. Fs. 
 
 Founded with support of P. T. Barnum and Moses Y. Beach, by Frank 
 Leslie (born Henry Carter, but on removing to U. S. in 1848, he adopted, 
 legally his former pen name), formerly an engraver on London lllust. 
 News, and later on Oleason's Pictorial; merged in latter journal Nov.,. 
 1853. See Frank Leslie's lllust. Newspaper. 
 
 New York Illustrated News ,(w). Vols. 4-6. Sept., 1861-Dec, 1863. 
 
 3 v. F*. 1864, scat. nos. 
 
 Published by T. B. Leggett & Co.; edited by T. Smith Reed (1862), by 
 T. B. Aldrich (1863). 
 
 Independent (w). Vols. 1-21. Dec, 1848-69. 21 v. in 10. Ft. Vols, 
 25-69. 1873-1910. 52 v. Fs; Q. Indexed. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1848 ; original owners Henry C. Bowen, Theodore McNamee, 
 Seth B. Hunt, Jonathan Hunt, and Simeon B. Crittenden. Among edi- 
 tors, Richard S. Storrs. Joshua Leavitt, Henry Ward Beecher, Theodore 
 Tilton, Oliver Johnson, William Hayes Ward, Hamilton Holt and others. 
 Established as organ of the Congregational church, but devoted to theo- 
 logical liberty, abolition, woman's suffrage, and other reforms. Under 
 Beecher (1861-63) became undenominational, and has since been a gen- 
 eral progressive magazine. Present officers are Clarence W. Bowen, pub- 
 lisher and owner ; Gardner Richardson, asst. publisher ; Hamilton Holt, 
 managing editor. Historical sketch in 60th anniversary number, Dec. 10, 
 1908. 
 
 Indian's Friend. 
 
 S'ee same title, under New Haven, Conn. 
 
 Industrial Tribune (m). Oct., 1899. 
 
 Weekly Inspector. Vols. 1-2. Aug., 1806-Aug., 1807. 2 v. O. 
 Edited by Thomas Green Fessenden in opposition to Jefferson. 
 
 Insurance Age (m). 1873'-80, scat. nos. F. 
 
 Founded 1873, by S. S. Norton. Conducted by Matthew Griffin, 1877- 
 1900 ; since then published by Griffin, edited by George Hatch. 
 
 Internal Revenue Recorder and Customs Journal. June 10, 1865. 
 Vols. 4-21. 1866-75. 10 v. Q. 
 
 Founded 1864 by W. C. & F. r. Church, and conducted by them till 
 suspension in 1896. With Petroleum Gazette, 1805. 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk City, continued: 
 
 Ibish World (w). 1890-96; 1898-Apr., 1905. 8 v. P«. ' 
 
 Founded 1870 by Patrick Ford and since conducted by him. 
 
 Iron Age (w). Sept. 7, Nov. 23, 1865. 
 
 Jew Militant (w). Yiddish. 1907-1908, 39 nos. F. 
 
 Founded 1906. Published 1907-1908, by Poale Zion Pub. Co. No later 
 mention in directories. 
 
 Jewish Gazette (w). Yiddish. Apr.-Dec, 1895 (incomp.). F s. 
 
 Founded 1874. Weekly edition of Jewish Hews. Published since 1882 
 by K. H. Sarasohn & Co. 
 
 Jewish Tailor (w). June 22, 1907. 
 
 John Swinton's Paper (w). Vols. 1-4. Oct., 1883-Aug., 1887. F». 
 Founded by John Swinton, formerly editor of N. Y. Sun and conducted 
 by him till its suspension, 1887. Labor reform. 
 
 Jonathan's Miscellany (w). July 13, 1841. 
 
 Journal (d). Sept., 1896-Apr., 1898; Nov.-Dec, 1898. 11 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1882, by Morning Journal Assoc. Edited by Albert Pulitzer, 
 1884-92 ; owned and edited by him, 1893-95. Then bought by W. E. 
 Hearst and conducted by him till 1901 or later. No later data ob- 
 tainable., 
 
 New York Journal (w). 1771-73, 6 nos.; Jan.-May, 1774. Fs. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1766, by John Holt ; edited by Alexander McDougall ; a 
 zealous Whig organ, to which Alexander Hamilton contributed ; ' removed 
 during British occupation of New York to Esopus (now Kingston), and 
 later to Poughkeepsie ; after the Revolution, returned to New York and 
 continued as Independent Gazette; sold to Thomas Greenleaf. editor of 
 Boston Independent Chronicle (1787) ; continued by him (s-w), as Green- 
 leaf's mew York Journal and Patriotic Register, q. v. 
 
 New York Joubnal and Weekly Register. Oct., 1787-Dec, 1788. F=. 
 
 Same (d). Nov., 1787- July, 1788. Fs. 
 
 With Journal (w). First daily in New York City; continued as Green- 
 leaf's New Daily Advertiser or Argus; a bitter opponent of the Federal 
 party. Published by Greenleaf till his death (1798), by his widow for a 
 few years, then by James Cheetham under title American Citizen. See 
 Greenleaf's New Daily Advertiser, note. 
 
 American Journal of Mining (w). Mar. 31, 1866. 
 With Petroleum Gazette, 1865. 
 
 American Joubnal of Politics (m) . Vols. 1-5. July, 1892-Dec, 1894. O. 
 
 Founded by Andrew J. Palm and conducted by him alone till 1894 ; 
 then with Henry Randall Waite till suspension in 1897. Styled Ameri- 
 can Magazine of Civics after 1895. 
 
 Journalist (w). Vols. 12-16. 1891-92. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Established Mar., 1884, by Allan Forman and since conducted by him 
 (except 3 years). 
 
 [ 180 ] 
 
New York 
 
 Judge (w). Vol. 1. Nov., 1881-Apr., 1882. F4. 
 
 Published by Judge Pub. Co. until 1901 or later ; now by Leslie-Judge 
 Co. Humorous. 
 
 Judicial Repository (m). Nov., 1818. 
 Founded 1818. 
 
 Justice (w). Feb.- June, 1883. F°. July, 1883-July, 1885. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Published by Anti-Monopoly League ; contributors, Jere Black, Howard 
 Crosby, F. B. Thurber, J. G. Boyd, and others. Suspended, 1885. 
 
 Kings' Jester (m). Mar., 1891-June, 1892. Q. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1801, by Herbert B. King & Brother, and conducted by 
 them till 1894. No later mention In directories. Advertising. 
 
 Knapsack (d). Nov.-Dec, 1879. F*. 
 
 A daily journal of the 7th Eegt. New Armory Fair. 
 Label Bulletin (m). July, 1905. 
 
 Labor and Capital (m). Apr., 1903, Mar., 1904. O. 
 
 Labor Bulletin (m). Nov., 1903. 
 
 Labob Library (m). July, 1896; Mar., 1902; May, 1905. 
 
 Labob News (w). Feb.-Mar., 1908. F =. 
 
 Labor Standard (w). Feb. 24, 1877. 
 
 American Laborer (m). Mar., 1843. 
 
 Ladies' Floral Cabinet (m). Vols. 3-6. 1874-77. F *. 
 
 Founded 1871. Conducted by Henry T. Williams till 1879 ; Adams & 
 Bishop, 1880-81 ; Ladies' Floral Cabinet Co., 1882-86. No later mention 
 in directories. 
 
 Ladies' Literary Cabinet (w). Vols. 1-2, 3-6 (incomp.). Apr., 1819- 
 Aug., 1822. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Edited by Samuel Woodworth ; published by Samuel Huestis till Sept., 
 1820: Broderick & Ritter (1820-21) ; Nathaniel Smith & Co. (1821-221. 
 
 Ladies' Morning Star (d). Vol. 1. Apr.-Sept, 1836. F*. 
 
 Established by William Newell, as a one-cent daily for women ; styled 
 Morning Star after Sept., 1836. 
 
 La Latta (w). Italian. Vol. 1, Nos. 1-28. Jan.-Aug., 1909. F<s. 
 Published by local Socialists. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Lamp. 
 
 See Book Buyer. 
 
 Leaden Heel (m). Vols. 1-2. Nov., 1905-Nov., 1907. S. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1905 by the General Philosophic Soc. Edited by John F. 
 Busche. 
 
 [181] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York City, continued: 
 
 Leader (d). June, 1886-Nov., 1887. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Conducted by Henry George. Single-tax. Succeeded by Standard, q. v. 
 
 New York Leader (w) . 1857-61. 4 v. P«. 
 
 Founded 1854. Conducted by James S. Welsh, 1857 ; John Clancy, 
 Dec, 1857-1861; Leader Assn., 1870-71. Edited by DeWitt Van Buren, 
 1870. No later mention in directories. 
 
 New York Ledger (w). Apr., 1856-Feb., 1872. 16 v. F«. 
 
 Successor (18551 to Merchant's Ledger; published by Robert Bonner, 
 1851— Nov., 1887 ; since then by bis sons. 
 
 Legal Aid Review (q). Apr., 1909+ O. 
 
 Founded 1903 by Legal Aid Soc. Devoted to assisting persons unable 
 to employ other legal advice. Charles F. Wiebusch, chairman of publica- 
 tion committee. 
 
 Lend a Hand. 
 
 See same title, under Boston. 
 
 Liberty. 
 
 See same title, under Boston. 
 
 Library Journal (m). Vols. 1-35. Sept., 1876-1910. 34 v. Indexed. 
 Q. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1876. Styled American Library Journal the first year. 
 Edited by Melvil Dewey till 1881; C. A. Cutter, 1881-93 (with R. E. 
 Bowker till 1891, and Paul L. Ford, 1891-93) ; since then by Bowker. 
 Organ of American Library Association till 1907. 
 
 Life Illustrated (w). Nov. 4, 18ET4; Oct., 1857-Oct, 1860. 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Published by Fowler & Wells, phrenologists ; • successor of Amer. 
 Phrenological Journal (established Nov., 1838, by Adam Waldie, at Phila- 
 delphia). 
 
 Literary Digest (w). Vols. 2-41. 1890-1910. 40 v. Q. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1890 by Funk & Wagnalls, and since published by them. 
 Editor-in-chief, J. K. Funk ; managing editor, William S. Woods. 
 
 Literary News (m). Vols. 5-15. 1884-1904. Indexed. 21 v. Q. 
 
 Founded 1879 by F. Leypoldt and conducted by him till 1885. Then 
 published by R. R. Bowker till suspension, 1904. Edited by A. H. Ley- 
 poldt, 1887-1901. 
 
 Literary World (w). Vols. 1-13. Feb., 1847-53. Indexed. 13 v. Q. 
 Edited by C. F. Hoffman and Evert A. and George L. Duyckinck. 
 Suspended Dec, 1853. 
 
 living Church (m). Mar., 1869-Apr., 1870. F. 
 
 Founded 1869 by Revs. E. A. Washburn, H. C. Potter, and W. G. Sum- 
 ner, and conducted by them in 1870. No later mention in directories. 
 Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Lloyd's American Railroad Weekly. July 13, 1861. 
 
 [182] 
 
New York 
 
 Log Cabin (w). May, 1840-Nov., 1841. F«. 
 
 Campaign paper published at New York and Albany by Horace Gree- 
 ley, In support of General Harrison ; merged in New York Tribune. 
 
 Practical Machinist (w). Oct. 19, 1859. 
 
 Magnolia or Literary Tablet (s-m). Vol. 1. Oct., 1833-Sept, 1834. 
 Indexed. Q. 
 Published by P. Dean Carrique ; suspended Sept., 1834. 
 
 Mall and Express (w). 1898-Aug., 1903. 6 v. Fe. 
 
 Express founded 1836 by James Brooks and conducted by him alone Hll 
 1840 ; later, by him and his brother Erastus till 1877, when bought by a 
 political syndicate (John Kelly, Augustus Schell, and others). Mail, 
 founded 1867 ; published by Robert Johnston, 1872-78 ; bought by Cyrus 
 W. Field, 1879, and conducted by him till Dec, 1881 ; then merged with 
 Express. Thereafter published by Field till 1888 ; Elliott F. Shepard, 
 1888-92; Mail and Express Pub. Co., 1893-Mar., 1897; Robert C. Alex- 
 ander and Robert E. A. Dorr, Mar., 1897-99. Mail was edited 1867-81, 
 by J. M. Bundy, who continued as Mail and Express till 1888. Editors 
 thereafter were Shepard (1888-92) and Alexander (1895-99). No later 
 data obtainable. 
 
 Man (irreg.). Feb. 13-May 16, 1834. Q. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1834. Opposed D. S. Bank. Favored trades unions. 
 
 Man (w; m; w). Nov., 1880<-Aug., 1884. Q; F*. 
 
 Published by National Liberal League. Edited by the secretary, T. C. 
 Leland. Suspended about 1885. 
 
 Manufacttjbebs' Journal (m). Jan., 1904. 
 
 Weekly Mabket Letter. Oct., 1902-Mar., 1905. Q. 
 Published by Watson & Alpers. Financial. 
 
 Mechanic (m). 1905, 4 nos.; Aug., 1906. O. 
 
 Mechanics' Journal (w). Vol. 1. Dec, 1846-Nov., 1847. F*. 
 
 Removed from Albany, June, 1847 ; published by Munn & Co., edited by 
 Robert McFarlane ; merged in Scientific American. 
 
 American Mechanics' Magazine (w). Vols. 1-2. Feb., 1825-Feb., 1826. 
 
 Indexed. O. 
 
 Conducted by "associated mechanics ;" issued after Feb., 1826, by Frank- 
 lin Institute of Philadelphia, and stylen Franklin Journal and American 
 Mechanics' Magazine (m). 
 
 Medical Record (s-m). Vol. 9. 1874. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Journal of medicine and surgery; published by William Wood & Co.; 
 edited by George F. Shrady till his death in 1907. Weekly after 1874. 
 
 Mebohant and Banker (w). May-Sept., 1875. F. 
 
 -Founded 1874. Published by Bulletin Assoc, 1875. No later mention 
 in directories. 
 
 Mebchants' Association Bulletin (m). May, 1903. F. 
 
 [183] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk City, continued: 
 
 New York Mebctjby (w). Oct. 7, 14, 1754 (with 8. C. Gazette 1764). 
 1766. F s. 
 
 Founded by Hugh Galne, 1752 ; styled Gaine'e N. T. Gazette and Mer- 
 cury, 1767 ; at first neutral In politics, but Royalist while the British held 
 the city ; suspended,. 1783. 
 
 New York Mebotjby (w). Sept., 1829-Dec, 1831; 1832. Indexed. 2 t. 
 Fs. Feb., 1834-Sept., 1841, scat. nos. F7. 
 
 Same. Not. 4, 1847 (bound with 1834-41). 
 
 Published as weekly edition of Journal of Commerce (founded 1827, by 
 Arthur Tappan ; oldest morning paper now in New Tork ; purchased by 
 David Hale and Gerard Hallock, 1828 ; first to employ news-schooners, 
 1829-30; edited by Hallock till 1863; then by David M. Stone). Con- 
 ducted by William Cauldwell, 1870-94 (with Whitney till 1877) ; 
 
 James P. Graham, 1895. No later mention in directories. 
 
 New York Mebctjby, or General Advertiser (w). Jan. 3, 1783. 
 With Royal Gazette, 1781-83. Published by William Lewis. 
 
 Mebby and Wise (w). Mar. 30, 1807. 
 
 American Messetoeb (m). Dec, 1849; July, Nov., 1850. 
 
 Journal) of Metal Polishebsi (m). 1899-Mar., 1901. Vols. 13-17. 
 
 1904-1908. 3 v. O. 1909 + 
 
 Founded 1891. Organ of Metal Polishers, Buffers, Platers, and Brass 
 Workers' Union. Edited by E. J. Lynch, 1898-June, 1899 ; J. J. Kinney, 
 June, 1899-July, 1900 ; J. J. Cullen, Sept., 1900-Jan., 1906 ; since then 
 by Charles R. Atherton. Published at Cincinnati and styled Our Journal 
 since June, 1906. 
 
 Metal Worker (w). Vols. 20-33. 1883-90. 12 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1872 by James C. Bayles and David Williams, and conducted 
 by them till 1891. Since then published by David Williams & Co. (edited 
 by A. O. KIttridge, 1891-92). Now styled Metal Worker, Plumber, ana 
 Steam Fitter; edited by W. W. Macon and F. W. Chew. 
 
 Methodist (w). July, 1860-Jan., 1862. 2 v. F«. 1868-69. F«. 
 
 Founded 1859. Published by H. W. Douglas, 1870-82. Edited by 
 Rev. George R. Crooks, 1870-75 (with Rev. Abel Stevens after 1871) ; - 
 Rev. D. H. Wheeler, 1876-S2 (with Rev. David Curry, 1882). No later 
 mention in directories. 
 
 Modern Mexico. 
 
 See same title, under Mexico City, Mex. 
 
 Midnight Cry (w). Vols. 3-7. Feb., 1843-Dec., 1844. Indexed. F. 
 
 Edited by Joshua V. Himes, as organ of the "Millerites;" in 1894 ha 
 was a Protestant Episcopal clergyman in South Dakota. Succeeded by 
 Morning Watch, q. v. Second Adventist. 
 
 Militaby Gazette (s-m). Vols. 3-4. Jan., 1860-Apr., 1861. O. 
 
 [184] 
 
New York 
 
 New York Militabt Magazine (w). Vol. 1. June-Dec, 1841. In- 
 dexed. O. 
 
 Mhjtaet Repository (m). Vols. 1-2. 1796-97. 2 v. O. 
 
 Minerva (w). Vols. 1-2. Apr., 1822-Apr., 1824. Indexed. 2 v. F*. 
 Vols. 1-2, new series. Apr., 1824-Apr., 1825. Indexed. 2 v. O. 
 Edited by George Houston and James G. Brooks. 
 
 Ming's New York Price Current (w). Jan. 5, 1811. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Published by 
 Alexander Ming. 
 
 Mining Record (w). Vols. 13-14. 1883-84. Indexed (vol. 13). 2 v. F.. 
 Founded 1S77. Published by Alexander E. Chilholm, 1879-84. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 New York Mieeob and Ladies' Literary Gazette (w). Vols. 1, 5-9- 
 Aug., 1823- Jan., 1824; Jan., 1828-June, 1832. Indexed. 6 v. F. 
 Vols. 10-19. July, 1832-41. Indexed. 10 v. F*. 
 
 Published by George P. Morris ; edited at first by Samuel Woodworth, 
 later by Morris and N. P. Willis ; also by Theodore S. Fay and C. F. 
 Hoffman ; styled A". T. Mirror, 1830 ; suspended, 1842. See New Mirror, 
 and Morris's National Press. 
 
 New York Weekly Mirbob. May, 1854-Sept, 1856. 2 v. F?. 
 Founded 1839. Conducted by H. Fuller, 1844-56. 
 
 American Missionary (m). 1858-1910. 56 vols, in 38. O. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1856. Published by Amer. Miss. Assn. in interests of various 
 missionary organizations. Absorbed Borne Missionary, Apr., 1909. 
 
 Foreign Missionary (m). Vols. 42-45. 1883-86. Indexed. 4 v. O. 
 Organ of Board of Foreign Missions of Presbyterian Church. Estab- 
 lished about 1833 ; at first published in newspaper form, especially for- 
 the youth of the church; after 1850 published thus for children, and in 
 magazine form for adults. Childern's edition suspended 1876, but suc- 
 ceeded by Children's Work for Children, q. v. under Philadelphia ; adult's 
 edition suspended Dec, 1886, and succeeded by The Church at Home and 
 Abroad, q. v. under Philadelphia. 
 
 Foreign Missionaby Chronicle (m). Vols. 6-16. 1838-48. Indexed. 
 
 11 v. O. 
 
 Removed hither from Pittsburg, q. v., Aug., 1837. Organ of Presby- 
 terian Foreign Missionary Society ; styled Missionary Chronicle, Jan., 
 1842; thereafter contained both home and foreign intelligence; suc- 
 ceeded Jan., 1850, by Borne and Foreign Record. 
 
 Mobel-Abbeit-eb Journal (s-m). 1883-86 (scat. nos.). 2 v. F. 
 
 Consolidated with Furniture-Workers' Journal, q. v., Jan., 1886 ; each 
 number thereafter half German, half English. 
 
 Momtjs (d; w). Vol. 1. Apr.-July, 1860. F. 
 Comic paper; of short duration. 
 
 [185] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk City, continued: 
 
 Moose's Rural New Yorker (w). 1870; 1873. Indexed. 2 v. Ps. 
 
 Established 1850 by D. D. T. Moore, at Rochester ; conducted by 
 him till 1876. Published by G. A. C. Barnett and edited by Andrew S. 
 Fuller, 1877-79. Styled Rural New Yorker, 1880 ; conducted by Elbert 
 S. Carman 1880-99. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Mobning Watch (w). Jan.-March, 1845, 4 nos. 
 
 With Second Adventist Newspapers, 1842-47. Continuation of Mid- 
 night Cry, q. v. ; edited by Joshua V. Himes. 
 
 Mobbis's National Press (w). Feb.-Nov., 1846. Fs. 
 
 Successor of New Mirror ; styled Home Journal, q. v., Nov., 1846. 
 
 Motheb Eaeth (m). Mar., 1906+ O. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1906; published by Emma Goldman; edited since Sept., 
 1906, by Alexander Berkman. Devoted to a union of social science and 
 literature with anarchism. 
 
 Motoe Review (w). July-Dec, 1901. O. (Old series, Vol. 8; new 
 series, Vol. 4). 
 
 Published in 1901 by Emil Grossman & Co. ; edited by Charles W. 
 Mears and W. P. Stephens. 
 
 "Mott and Huetin's New York Weekly Chronicle. Apr. 2, 1795. 
 
 With Poughkeepsie Journal, 1792-95. Established Jan., 1795, by 
 Jacob S Mott and William Hurtin. 
 
 Weekly Museum. July-Nov., 1792, 12 nos.; Jan., 1793-Nov., 1794; Jan., 
 1795-May, 1799; May, 1801-Mar., 1809; Jan., 1811-Dec, 1812; 
 Jan., 1813-Apr., 1814; May, 1815-Apr., 1816. Indexed. 11 v. Q. 
 Founded 1787 by John Harrisson and published by him till his death, 
 Oct., 1804 ; by his widow, Margaret Harrisson, till her death, Mar., 1808 ; 
 by Charles Harrisson, till May, 1812. Then sold to James Oram, who 
 published it as late as Apr., 1816. New series began Jan., 1813. Styled 
 N. Y. Weekly Museum, Aug., 1805. 
 
 New York Musical World. Extra. July 19, 1856. 
 
 Nation (w). Vols. 1-91. July, 1865-1910. Indexed. 90 v. F. 1911+ 
 Established 1865 by E. L. Godkin ; edited by him and Wendell P. Gar- 
 rison till June, 1906, when Hammond Lamont (managing editor since 
 1900) succeeded Garrison. He was soon succeeded in turn by the pres- 
 ent editor, Paul Elmer More. Since 1881 owned by N. Y. Evening Post. 
 
 Nepszaba (w). Apr. 18, 1900. 
 
 New Eea (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Nov., 1878. 
 
 Pictorial journal of the age, published by John Cochran. 
 
 New Mieboe (w). Vols. 1-3. Apr., 1843— Sept., 1844. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Successor of N. T. Mirror, q. v. ; edited by G. P. Morris, afterwards by 
 Morris and N. P Willis ; continued as Evening Mirror (d) , Oct., 1844 ; 
 was edited by Edgar A. Poe, 1844-45, and first published his poem "The 
 Raven ;" succeeded by Morris's National Press, q. v., Feb. 1846. 
 
 [186] 
 
New York 
 
 New Nation (w). July 16, 1864. 
 
 New Thought (m). July, 1904. 
 
 New Voice (m). Dec, 1898-Aug., 1899 (incomp.). F«. 
 See Voice; also Kew Voice under Chicago. 
 
 New World (w). May 30, 1840; Jan. 1, Mar. 4, 1841. 
 
 New World (w). Vols. 1-5. 1841-June, 1843. Indexed. 5 v. F4. 
 
 Vols. 6-9. July, 1843-May, 1845. Indexed. 4 v. Q. 
 
 Edited ^ by Park Benjamin, Epes Sargent, and John Neal ; published 
 by Jonas Winchester; its specialty was the issue of complete English 
 novels ; merged in Emporium, 1845. 
 
 New World Monthly Messenger. Apr. 29, 1843. 
 
 New Yorker (w). 1836-40, 3 nos. Vols. 1-11. Mar., 1836— Sept., 1841. 
 Indexed. 10 v. F. 
 Edited by Horace Greeley ; succeeded by N. Y. Tribune, q. v. 
 
 New York News (d). 1857, 2 nos.; 1861, 7 nos. F«. 
 
 Nobdiske Blade. 
 
 See same title, under Brooklyn. 
 
 Noedlyset (w). Norwegian. 1896- June, 1897. F«. 
 
 Founded 1891 by Johan Volk, and conducted by him till 1900. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Northwest Magazine (m). Vols. 1-21. 1883-1903. 18 v. F. Vol. 22. 
 1903 (incomp.). 
 
 Published by E. V. Smalley. Issued also at St. Paul, Minn., q. v. ; later 
 at St. Paul and Minneapolis. Suspended, 1904. Styled Smalley's, June, 
 1903. 
 
 Norton's Literary Advertiser (m). Vol. 1. June-Dec, 1851. F4. 
 Continued as Norton's Literary Gazette. 
 
 Norton's Literary Gazette (m; s-m, 1854). Vols. 2-5. 1852-Aug., 1855. 
 Indexed. 3 v. F4. 
 
 Established by Charles B. Norton, publisher of first issue of Poole's 
 "Index to Periodicals," and prominent in organizing first convention of 
 librarians (New York, 1853) ; edited by him till July, 1855, also for a 
 time by S. Hastings Grant; continued as Amer. Publishers' Circular, q. v., 
 and edited by Charles E. Rode until purchased by G. W. Childs (1863) 
 and removed to Philadelphia. 
 
 New York Observer (w). 1832-33; Apr., 1833-Dec, 1834; 1835-40. F*. 
 1841-44. Fs. 1845-50. F?. 1851-55. Fe. 1856-72; Mar. 13, 
 1873; 1881-90, scat, nos.; 1892-93. Ft. All indexed. 1894-95; 
 1897; 1898 (incomp.); 1899; 1901-1904. F*. 
 
 Established 1820. by Sidney E. Morse, one of the founders of Bol- 
 ton Recorder; edited many years by him ; by S. I. Prime ("Irena5U8, 
 pseud.), 1840-85. Presbyterian. 
 
 [187] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York Cut, continued: 
 
 Olive Branch (w). Vol. 1. June, 1827-Apr., 1828. Q. 
 
 Edited by Abner Kneeland ; merged in, Christian Inquirer, May, 1828i- 
 TJniversalist. 
 
 Oracle and Daily Advertiser. English and French. May 7, 1808. 
 
 With X. T. and Phila. newspapers, 1801-10. Founded 1808, by J. J. 
 Negrin. 
 
 Ottb Country (w; m, Oct., 1886). Vols. 1-2. July, 1885-June, 1887. F4.. 
 Founded July, 1885, by American Society to Promote Justice. Con- 
 ducted by them till 1888. No later mention in directories. Anti- 
 monopoly. 
 
 Oub Times (s-m). July 4, 18, 1874. 
 
 Outlook (w). Vols. 48-54. July, 1893-1896. 7 v. Indexed. F. Vols- 
 55-95. 1897-1910. 41 v. O. 1911+ 
 Successor of Christian Union, q. v. 
 
 Painter (m). July, Oct., 1896; Apr., 1897. 
 
 Paper Mill and Wood Pulp News (w). Vols. 23-25. 1900-1902 (in- 
 comp.). 3 v. F4. 
 
 Founded 1876. Published since 1S87 by Jjyman D. Post & Co. Style* 
 Paper Mill and Wood Pulp A'ev;s since 1892. 
 
 Parish Visitor (m). 1866, 3 nos. 
 
 Patent Record (w). July-Dec, 1867. F. 
 
 With American Artisan, 1867 : is supplement thereto. 
 
 Pathfinder (w). Vol. 1. Feb.-June, 1843. F. 
 
 With Plaindealer, N. Y. Successor to Weekly Morning Post; published 
 by Parke Godwin. Only fifteen numbers issued. 
 
 New York Pathfinder (s-w). June 1, 19, 1848. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841-49. Transportation. 
 
 New York Patriot (w). Mar. 30, 1816. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1811-20. Published by E- 
 Conrad 
 
 Pattern Makers' Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Cincinnati, O. 
 
 Penny Magazine (w). Mar-June, 1832. Q. 
 New York reprint of London publication. 
 
 People (w). Apr., 1892-June, 1900. 2 v. Fs. June, 1900-1910. 5 t. 
 F°. 1911+ 
 
 Same (d). July, 1900-Sept, 1907. 15 v. F^ 
 
 [188] 
 
New York 
 
 Same. Sunday edition, July-Dec, 1900. F ». 
 
 Founded 1891. Organ of Socialist-Labor Party. Published by So- 
 cialist Co-op. Pub. Soc. 1896-July, 1899 ; since them by Socialist-Labor 
 Party ; edited by its secretary. Styled Weekly People since June 23, 
 1900. 
 
 People (w). July, 1900-Apr., 1901. Fr. 
 
 Organ of Social Democratic Party. Styled Worker, q. v., Apr. 28, 
 1901. 
 
 People's Advocate (w). Aug., 1893-Oct., 1894. F«. 
 
 Founded 1892 by Advocate Ptg. Assn., and conducted by it till 1895; 
 Schoepflin & Foster, 1895-96. No later mention in directories. 
 
 People's Cause (m). 1889, 3 nos. 
 
 People's Journal (m). Vol. 1. Nov., 1853-Apr., 1854. Q. 
 
 Published by Alfred E. Beach, solicitor of patents; devoted to agri- 
 culture, mechanics, and science. 
 
 Philanthropist (m). 1887, 3 nos. 
 
 Phunny Phellow (m). June, 1861. 
 
 New York Picayune (w). Aug. 10, 24, 1850. 
 
 Pictoeial Messenger (m). Mar., 1855. 
 
 Pictorial Nick-Nax. Holidays, 1863-64. 
 
 Family Pictorial (m). June-Sept., 1860. 
 With Illus. Newspapers, 1851-73. 
 
 Pioneer (w). Jan., 1889-Nov., 1890. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1885, by John Dougall & Co., and conducted by them till 
 1890. No later mention in directories. Edited most of the time by 
 George B. Scott. Temperance. 
 
 Plaindealer (w). Vol. 1. Dec, 1836-Sept., 1837. F. 
 
 Established by William Leggett, formerly assistant editor of Evening 
 Post. Suspended within the year. 
 
 Plebeian (d). July 9, 1844. 
 
 A Pointer (m). Vols. 7-11. June, 1890— Dec, 1894. 2 v. F. 
 
 Illustrated journal giving information for travellers. Edited by Reau 
 Campbell and Bess Mitchell. 
 
 National Police Gazette (w). June 26, 1852. 
 
 Political Liberty Herald (w). 1901-1904, scat. nos. F<s. 
 
 Pomeboy's Democrat (w). 1869-78. F4-6. (1872 has Sunday edition). 
 Conducted by Mark M. Pomeroy. See same title, under Chicago, 111. 
 
 Porter's Spirit of the Times (w). Sept., 1856-June, 1859, 16 nos. Fs„ 
 Founded by William T. Porter, who in 1831 established first weekly 
 sporting paper in D. S. ; succeeded by Willies' Spirit o] the Times, q. v., 
 1858. 
 
 [189] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk City, continued: 
 
 Poeteait Monthly of the N. Y. Illustrated News. July, 1863-June, 1864* 
 F. 
 Published. by T. B. Leggett & Co. See N. Y. Illustrated News. 
 
 New York Post. 1862-65. 
 
 Note book, containing index. In Map and MSS. Room. 
 
 Evening Post (s-w). 1819; 1820- June, 1821; 1824-Mar., 1829. 9 v. Fs.. 
 1849. Ft. 1850-59; Aug., 1862- Apr., 1866; Sept., 1874-Mar., 1876. 
 20 v. Fs. 1877-Aug., 1882. 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Established Nov., 1801, as a Federalist organ, under patronage o* 
 Hamilton, Jay, and others ; edited by William Coleman, 1801-29 ; W. C. 
 Bryant, 1828-78; Carl Schurz, 1881-83; E. L. Godkin, 1883-99; Horace 
 White, 1899-1904 ; since then by Rollo Ogden. Became under Bryant an 
 advocate of free trade. 
 
 New York Morning Post (s-w). Nov. 7, 1783 (fac-simile). 
 
 With Royal Gazette, 1781-83. Published by Morton & Horner. 
 
 New York "Weekly Post. 1874-77, scat, nos.; Sept., 1895-97. F«. 
 
 Same (d). 1802 (very incomp.); 1803; 1804 (very incomp.); 
 
 1805; Feb.-Oct, 1806; Jan., May-Dec, 1807 (very incomp.); 1808,. 
 1811, scat, nos.; Feb.-Dec., 1812. 9 v. Fs. May-Nov., 1845; Mar.y 
 1847-Apr., 1848. Ft. 1860-64; 1867; Oct., 1869-June, 1878. 28 v. 
 Fs. 1898-1910. 56 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Postal Progress (m). Vol. 1, Nos. 1-6. Feb.-Aug., 1907. Q. 
 
 Published by Postal Progress League, and edited by James L. Cowles 
 till suspension, Aug., 1907. 
 
 New York Post Boy (w). Mar -June, 1746, 9 nos. F. 
 
 Established by James Parker, 1742 ; united (Jan., 1743) with New 
 York Gazette, q. v. 
 
 Pmss (d). July-Nov., 1888; July, 1891-June, 1894. 13 v. Ff>. 
 
 Pounded 1887, by N. Y. Press Co. Edited by Robert P. Porter, 1888^ 
 90 ; James Phillips Jr., 1891-94 ; Lemuel E. Quigg, 1895-96 ; since then, 
 Ervin Wardman. 
 
 American Pbessman. 
 
 See same title, under Cincinnati, O. 
 
 Pbincipia (w). 1862-Aug., 1864. Fs. June 29, 1865. 
 
 Founded 1859. Published (Jan., 1862) by William Goodell and Sam- 
 uel Wilde. On death of latteT in Feb., J. W. Alden, formerly of Brno*- 
 cipation, became o^ner and published the paper till Aug., 1864. At 
 that time notice was given of intended merger with National Era of 
 Washington. Goodell was editor alone till Sept., 1862 ; then with George- 
 B. Cheever. Abolition. 
 
 Pkinteb (m). Vols. 1-4. 1859-63, scat. nos. F. 
 Published by John Henry and John Greason. 
 
 [190] 
 
New York 
 
 Printeb's Ink (w). Vols. 2-73. 1890-1910. 46 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1888. Conducted in 1889 by Charles I. Benjamin; sines- 
 then by George P. Rowell & Co. Advertising. 
 
 Pbogeess (m). Vols. 1-3. Aug., 1882-85. F4. 
 
 Organ of Cigar-makers' Progressive Union. Published by H. Walther, 
 1886. No later mention In directories. 
 
 Pbogeess (m). Dec, 1884; June, 1900; Apr., 1902. 
 
 Pbogbessive Aoe and Water Gas Journal (s-m). Vols. 5-13. 1887-95. 
 
 9 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1S83. Published by Progressive Age Pub. Co., 1889-1900; 
 since then by E. C. Brown. Edited by F. R. Sprague, 1889-90 ; since 
 then by Brown. Styled Progressive Age after 1890. 
 
 PaoLETAEIO. 
 
 See same title, under Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Public Health (w). Vol.1. July-Aug., 1879. Q. 
 Edited by Edward J. Birmingham. 
 
 Public Seevice Review (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. May 5, 1887. 
 
 Publishers' and Stationers' Weekly Trade Circular. Vols. 1-2. 1872* 
 Indexed. 2 v. O. 
 
 Successor of Amer. Pub. Circular, q. v. (also under Philadelphia) ; 
 founded by F. Leypoldt ; continued as Publishers' Weekly. 
 
 Publishers' Weekly. Vols. 3-77. 1873-1910. Indexed. 75 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1852 by F. Leypoldt and conducted by him till 1879 ; Ley- 
 poldt and R. R. Bowker, 1880-85 ; since then by Bowker. 
 
 Railroad Gazette (w). Vols. 3-16. Oct., 1871-84. Indexed. 14 v. F4. 
 Established 1870. by A. N. Kellogg, as successor of Western B. B. 
 Gazette; edited by S. Wright Dunning and M. N. Forney ; published 
 by them after April, 1873. See same title under Chicago, 111. 
 
 American Railroad Journal (w). Vols. 1-17. 1845-61. Indexed. 
 17 v. Q. 
 
 American Railroad Journal and Advocate of Internal Improvements- 
 (w). Vol. 5. 1836. Indexed. O. 
 First railroad journal in Europe or America; founded 1831; pub- 
 lished by D. K. Minor and George C. Schaeffer; edited by Minor; sus- 
 pended early in 1838. 
 
 American Raileoad Journal and Mechanics' Magazine (s-m). Vols, 
 7-17. July, 1838-44. Indexed. 11 v. O. 
 
 Continuation of first Amer. K. B. Journal, revived (July, 1838) by 
 Minor and Schaeffer, having absorbed the Mechanics' Magazine; con- 
 ducted by them till May, 1844; by Minor alone till Feb., 1849; there- 
 after published by J. H. Shultz & Co.. and edited by Henry V. Poor. 
 Removed to Philadelphia, Nov., 1846; returned to New York, Dec, 1848. 
 Subtitle changed to General Advertiser, during 1845-47 ; to Uanujao- 
 
 [191] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yoek City, continued: 
 
 turers' and Mining Gazette, during 1848 ; dropped Jan., 1849. Published 
 monthly, 1843-44 ; weekly thereafter. At first, devoted to all internal 
 improvements ; alter union with Mechanics' Magazine, included machin- 
 ery and manufactures ; after 1844, added mining ; and, under Poor's 
 editorship, commerce, finance, insurance, and banking. (Removed to TJ. 
 W. Library, Railroad section). 
 
 Railroad Men (m). June, 1903. 
 
 Railway Conductors' Monthly. 
 
 See same title, under Elmira. 
 
 Railway Monitor (m). Vol. 1. 1873. Indexed. F. Nov. 15, 1874. 
 
 Founded 1873, by William B. Dana & Co. and conducted by them till 
 1875. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Real Estate Record and Builders' Guide (w). Vols. 41-75. 1888-Jan., 
 1905. Indexed. 35 v. F. 
 
 Founded March, IStiS. Published by Record and Guide Co. Managed 
 by H. W. Desmond. Styled Record and Guide since 1895. 
 
 Record and Guide. 
 
 See Real Estate Record. 
 
 New York Recobdee (d). Nov., 1891-June, 1894. 16 v. F «. 
 
 Founded 1891, by Recorder Pub. Co., and conducted by them till 1896. 
 Edited by George W. Turner, 1894-96. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Reflectob (w). Vol. 1, nos. 1-25. May-Nov., 1886. F*. 
 Published by Reflector Pub. Co. Labor. 
 
 Refoem (s-w; d). German. Mar-Dec, 1853; Jan.-Apr., 1854 (in- 
 comp.). 2 v. F«. 
 
 American Refobmeb (bi-w). Vols. 1-2. Dec, 1882-Dec, 1884. F. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1882, by Reformer Pub. Co. and conducted by it till 
 1884. No later mention in directories. Contains articles by leading 
 temperance workers. Temperance. 
 
 Republican Watchtoweb (w). Nov. 5, 1800. 
 
 With Poughkeepsie Journal, 1792-95. Published by D. Denniston. 
 
 Same (s-w). Apr. 1, June 10, 1808. 
 
 With N. Y. and Fhila. Newspapers, 1801-10. Published by James 
 Cheetham ; apparently the American 11- atchman under a new title. See 
 Greenleaf's N. Y. Journal. 
 
 Republik der Arbeiter (m; w). ISSO'-Apr., 1855. 4 v. Q. 
 
 Review of Reviews (m). Vols. 1-42. 1890-191O. 42 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Conducted by William T. Stead, 1890-93 — since then, English edition 
 by him ; American by Albert Shaw. Styled American Monthly Review of 
 Reviews since July, 1897. 
 
 [192] 
 
New York 
 
 Revolution (w). 1869; Feb.-Apr., 1870. Fs. 
 
 Organ of wompn's suffrage associations ; conducted by Susan B. An- 
 thony, Parker Pillsbury, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, 1866-70; merged 
 in Literal Christian, 1870. 
 
 RruGWAY's (w). Oct., 1906-Feb., 1907 (incomp.). Q. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1906. Issued from fourteen cities simultaneously, for 
 six weeks ; then curtailed. Edited by Erman J. Eidgway ; associate edi- 
 tors, William Hard, Frederic C. Howe, Edward W. Townsend, Beriah 
 Brown, Samuel Hopkins Adams, and others. Suspended Feb., 1907. 
 
 Rivington's New York Gazetteer; or, the Connecticut, Hudson's River, 
 New Jersey, and Quebec Weekly Advertiser. 1774, 42 nos.; 1775, 
 32 nos. 2 v. Ps. 
 
 Established Apr., 1773, by James Eivington, son of the well-known 
 London publisher ; organ of the Royalists ; suspended Nov., 1775-Oct., 
 1777, then continued as Royal Gazette; suspended Anally in 1783. 
 
 Road (s-m). Vols. 1-2. Feb., 1875-Jan., 1877. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Founded 1875. Published (1S76) by Thomas S. Fernon. No later 
 mention in directories. Railways. 
 
 Round Table (w). Dec, 1863-July, 1864. F4. 1866. Q. 1868. 2 v. 
 F4. 
 
 Published by H. E. and C. H. Sweetser; edited later by Henry Sedley; 
 united with Citizen, and edited by Robert B. Roosevelt after death o£ 
 Halpine, till suspension, 1873. Sued by Charles Reade (1870) for un- 
 favorable review of Griffith Gaunt; decision for defendant. The Citizen 
 was organ of the Citizens' Association, headed by Peter Cooper ; oppon- 
 ent of municipal corruption ; edited by C. G. Halpine ("Miles O'Reilly," 
 pseud. 1 till his death in 1868. Published for » time by Thomas McEl- 
 rath, afterwards of N. Y. Tribune. 
 
 Royal Gazette (s-w). 1778-80, 9 nos. 1781-83, 16 nos. F». 
 
 With N. Y. Gdzette, 1776-80. Continuation of Rivington's N. Y. Gazet- 
 teer, q. v. A humorous poem by Major Andre was printed in Royal 
 Gazette on the day of its author's capture ; suspended, 1783. 
 
 Royal American Gazette (s-w). 1777-80, 5 nos.; 1782-83, 4 nos. Fs. 
 
 With K. Y. Gazette, 1776-80; and Royal Gazette, 1781-83. Estab- 
 lished 1776, by A. & J. Robertson, formerly publishers of N. Y. Chronicle. 
 
 Rural New Yorker. 
 
 See Moore's Rural Neio Yorker. 
 
 St. Andbew's Cross. 
 
 See same title, under Chicago, 111. 
 
 Sanitaby Commission Bulletin (s-m; m, May, 1865). Vols. 1-3. Nov., 
 1863-Aug., 1865. Indexed. 3 v. O. 
 Removed to Philadelphia, Oct., 1864; and to Washington, July, 1865. 
 
 Sanitary Engineer (s-m). Vols. 3-4. Nov., 1880-May, 1881. F. 
 
 Edited by Charles F. Wingate. „ 
 
 13— N. C. [ 193 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yobk City, continued: 
 
 — Same (w). Vols. 11, 13-14. Dec., 1884-May, 1885; Dec, 1885- 
 
 Nov., 1886. Indexed. 3 v. F. 
 
 Published In both New York and London; conducted by H. C. Meyer 
 till 1887. 
 
 Satubday Emporium. Feb. 6, 1847. 
 
 i 
 
 .Savings and Loan Review (m). 1898, 9 nos. Q. 1899-1900, 4 nos. 
 1902-1903. O. 
 
 Founded Apr. 1881. Edited by M. P. Van Buskirk till Jan., 1898; 
 John H. Kennard and Bird M. Robinson, Jan., 1898-1903. No later data 
 obtainable. 
 
 Science (w). Vols. 6-9. July, 1885-June, 1887. 4 v. O. Vols. 10 L -23. 
 July, 1887-Mar., 1894. 13 v. Q. All indexed. 
 
 Same. New series. Vols. 1-2. 1895. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Established at Cambridge, Mass., 1883, by Alexander Graham Bell; 
 edited by Samuel H. Scudder till removal from Cambridge, in 1885, and 
 since by N. D. C. Hodges, aided at various times by J. H. Raymond, D. 
 G. Brinton, Frana Boas, and others ; temporarily suspended, Mar. — Dee., 
 1894 : published by American Association for Advancement of Science for 
 several years ; since 1901 by Macmillan Co. ; now edited by J. McKean 
 Cattell. 
 
 Scientific American (w). Old series. Vol. 1. Aug., 1845-Sept., 184'6. 
 F». Vols. 2-14. Sept., 1846-June, 1859. Indexed. 13 v. F4. 
 
 Same (w). New series. Vols. 1-86. 1859-1902. 77 v. F*. 
 
 Scientific American Supplement (w). Vols. 1-38. 1876-94. Indexed. 
 38 t. P«. 
 Pounded 1845, by Kufus Porter; July, 1846, sold by him to Orson 
 ' Desaix Munn and Alfred E. Beach (Munn & Co.) ; in 1847 absorbed Me- 
 chanic's Journal of Albany, whose editor, Robert McParland, succeeded 
 Porter on Scientific American. In 1849 Salem H. Wales bought an in- 
 terest in the firm and became one of the editors. In 1871 he retired; 
 Munn and Beach continued as editors till the latter's death (1896) — 
 Munn died in 1907. Since then conducted by Charles Allen Munn and 
 Frederick Converse Beach. 
 
 Scientific Mechanic (w). Vol. 1. Aug., 1847-May, 1848. Indexed. 
 
 F 8. 
 
 Scottish American Journal (w). May 22, 1858. 
 Season (m). Feb., Mar., 1870. 
 
 Sentinel of Christian Liberty (m). Dec, 1901-Sept., 1903. O. 
 
 See American Sentinel. '■ 
 
 [194] 
 
New York 
 
 American Sentinel (w). Vols. 12-15. 1897-1900. 4 v. Q. 
 
 FoundPd 1886 at Oakland, Cal. ; published by Pacific Press Pub. Co. 
 Issued monthly till 1889. In 1890 moved to New York and published by 
 Internatl. Religious Liberty Assn. till May, 1900 ; from May, 1900-Oct. 
 1901, published in Chicago as Sentinel of Liberty; then re-purchased by 
 Pacific Pub. Co. a.id published at New York ; in Oct., 1903, moved to 
 Washington, q. v., and issued by Review and Herald Pub. Co. till suspen- 
 sion, Feb., 1904. 
 
 American Sbntey (w). 1883. P«. 
 
 Founded 1875. Published by D. H. Hopkins, 1882-84. No later men- 
 tion In directories. Greenback. 
 
 Shambock, or Hibernian Chronicle (w). Aug.-Oct, 1812, 6 nos. Fb. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1811-20. Established 1811, by 
 Edward Gillespy : edited by Thomas O'Conner (formerly editor of Mili- 
 tary Monitor), 1818; succeeded by Truth Teller, 1825. 
 
 Shoe and Leather Reporter (w). Apr. 8, 15, 1869. 
 
 Shoe and Leather Worker (s-m). Vol. 1. Sept. 1, 15', Dec. 1, 1887. 
 
 Single Tax Review (q). 1902+ (incomp.). O. 
 
 Founded 1891, as successor of National Single Tamer, q. v. 
 
 National Single Taxes (m). Dec, 1897; Jan., Mar., Aug.-Dec, 1899; 
 Jan.-Apr., Dec, 1900; Jan., 1901. Q. 
 
 Founded 1S91, organ of Single Tax League of U. S. and Canada. 
 Published by Single Tax Co. ; later by George Hampton ; since 1901 by 
 Joseph Dana Miller. Published in Minneapolis till 1898. Succeeded by 
 Single Tax Review, q. v. , 
 
 Social Economist (m). Jan., 1892. 
 
 Social Science (w). July-Oct, 1887, F*. 
 
 Founded 1886, by Social Science Review Co., and conducted by them 
 till 1888. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Social Service (m; q; m). 1900-1906. O. 
 
 Founded 1889, by League for Social Service, and published by It till 
 1903 ; then by American Institute o'f Social Service. Edited by Josiah 
 Strong and William H. Tolman till May, 1904. 
 
 Social Unity (m). 1901, 7 nos. O. 
 
 Socialist (w). Apr.-Dec, 1908. Fs-4. 
 
 Continuation of Worker, q. v. Published by Workingmen's Co-op. Pub. 
 Assn. for N. Y. Socialist party. Dec. S, 1908, became weekly edition of 
 N. T. Call, q. v. 
 
 Soldier's Friend (w). June, 1868-Sept, 1869. F«. 
 
 Founded June, 1868, by William Oland Bourne and conducted by him 
 till 1869. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Solidarity (s-w). Oct., 27, 1892. F. 
 
 [195] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York City, continued: 
 
 Solidabitt (m). July, 1902; Jan., 1904; Apr., 1906-June, 1908. Q. 
 
 Founded 1901, by Workingmen's Literary Society and still being pub- 
 lished by them in 1908. 
 
 South (w; m, Jan., 1878). Oct., 1876-Jan., 1882. F*. 
 
 Established 1871 ; devoted to commercial and manufacturing interests 
 of Southern states. Published by South Pub. Co., till 1894. No later 
 mention in directories. 
 
 Sozialist (w). 1885 (incomp.); 1887, 5 nos.; Mar. 17, 1888. Fb. 
 
 Spectator (s-w). Oct., 1797-July, 1799; July, 1799-Dec, 1800. 2 T. 
 Fs. June, 1800-June, 1801; June, 1801-May, 1802; Jan.-Nov., 
 1803. 3 v. F«. Nov. 1, 1809. 
 
 See Herald, 1795-97, note. Spectator issued Oct., 1797, by the former 
 publisher of the Herald, George P. Hopkins. In July, 1799, Hop- 
 kins sold to Noah Webster Jr., and Ebenezer Belden (E. Belden & Co), 
 who published the paper till Not., 1803, then sold to Z. Lewis. Pub 
 lished by Lewis & Hall, Sept, 1815-Sept, 1818 ; Francis Hall & Co., Aug., 
 1829-1830. 
 
 New York Spectator (s-w). Sept., 1815-Jan., 1817; Jan.-May, 1817; 
 July, 1817-Sept, 1818. 3 v. Fs. Nov., 1823-Dec, 1825, scat, 
 nos.; May, 1826-Aug., 1828. 2 v. F«. Aug., 1829-Apr., 1863. 
 33 v. F8-T. 
 See Spectator, note. 
 
 Same. Oct. 24, 1804. 
 
 With N. J. and Phila. Newspapers, 1801-1810. 
 
 Same. Feb. 1, 1815; June 27, 1817. 
 
 With Middle and Western newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 Spectator (m). 1872-73. Indexed. 2 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1868. Published by J. H. and C. M. Goodsell, 1870-73; since 
 then by Spectator Co. Insurance. 
 
 Spirit of the Age (w). Vols. 1-2. July, 1849-Apr., 1850. 2v.ini. Q. 
 Edited by William H. Channing. 
 
 Spirit of the Fair (d). Apr. 5-23, 1864. Q. 
 Organ of Sanitary Fair. 
 
 Spirit of Missions (m). Vols. 2-61. 1837-96. Indexed. 60 v. O. 
 
 Organ of Board of Missions of Protestant Episcopal Church in United 
 States ; after 1869, of Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of same 
 church. 
 
 Spirit of '76 (m). Vols. 1-4. Oct., 1894-Aug„ 1898. 4 v. Q. 
 
 Organ of "Sons of the Revolution" and other patriotic societies ; edited 
 by William H. Brearley, till Mar., 1895 ; published and edited by Louis 
 H. Cornish, June, 1897-1909. No later mention in directories. 
 
 [196] 
 
New York 
 
 Spieit of the Times (w). Mar., 1839-Feb., 1840. F. July, 1868-Nov., 
 
 1871. 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Successor of Porter's Spirit o) the Times, q. v. ; conducted by George 
 
 Wilkes, 1858-79; by Elisha A. Buck till 1893, since then styled Spirit 
 
 of Times and Hew York Sportsman. Conducted by H. A. & J. F. Buck 
 till 1900. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Spiritual Telegraph (w). Sept. 17, 1853. 
 
 American Spiritualist (w). Feb.-June, 1872. F4. 
 
 Removed from Cleveland, Ohio, q. v. Edited by Hudson Tuttle, J. M. 
 Peebles, and others. 
 
 Spread the Light (bi-m). 1885, 5 nos.; 1886, 3 nos. F. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1885, by M. Battle, and conducted by him until May, 
 1886. No later data obtainable. Single Tax. 
 
 Square Deal (m). 1905, 3 nos.; 1906-1907; 1908, 9 nos.; 1909-10, 
 3 nos. F*. 
 
 Founded 1905. Now published by Citizens' Industrial Assn. of 
 America, and edited by Wilson Vance. 
 
 Sonntagsblatt der Staats-Zeitung. June-Nov., 1855. F*. 
 
 Standard (w). Vols. 1-12. 1887-Aug., 1892. 6 v. F«-F. 
 Successor of Leader, q. v. Suspended, Aug., 1892. 
 
 New York Standard and Statesman (s-w). Mar -May, 1834. Ft. 
 
 With Middle and Western newspapers. 1831-40. Established about 
 1827 by John M. Mumford as a. Jacksonian organ. 
 
 Standard of Union (s-w). Oct. 5, 1813. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local 'Newspapers, 1811-20. Edited by 
 Tunis Wortman. 
 
 Evening Star (d). 1836; Jan.-Sept, 1837; 1838. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Established 1834, by M. M. Noah, founder of N. Y. Enquirer; sup- 
 ported Harrison's candidacy ; merged in Commercial Advertiser, 1841. 
 
 International Steam Engineer. 
 
 See same title under Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Sterling Weekly. Feb. 27, 1897. 
 
 Straight Edge (w). Nov., 1899- July, 1901. 2 v. O. 
 
 Issued by the School of Methods for the Application of the Teachings 
 of Jesus to Business and Society. Organ of a co-operative community on 
 Staten Island. Suspended July, 1901. 
 
 Stubmvogel (s-m). Jan. 15, 1898. 
 Success Magazine (m). 1906, 7 nos.; Jan., 1907. F. 
 
 [197] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York City, continued: 
 
 Sun (d). Jan.-Sept., 1834. Q. Jan.;-June, 1835. F4. 1848; ffuly, 
 1877-May, 1879; Oct., 1879-Mar., 1880; July-Dec, 1880; 1883- 
 90; Jan.-Mar., 1892; Oct., 1892- June, 1898; Nov.-Dec., 1898; Oct- 
 Dec, 1900; Jan-May, 1901 (incomp.); Oct., 1902-June, 1903; 
 Sept., 1903-May, 1904; Oct., 1904-May, 1905; Oct., 1905-June, 1906; 
 Sept., 1906-Apr., 1907; Sept., 1907-May, 1908. 90 v. F«. 1909*- 
 1911, scat. nos. 
 
 First successful one-cent daily in New York City (since 1861, two 
 cents) ; founded Sept., 1S33, by Benjamin h! Day ; gained notoriety 
 (1835) through the "Moon Hoax;" conducted by Moses T. Beach, 1837- 
 68; Charles A. Dana till 3 897; Paul Dana, 1897-1900: William M. Laf- 
 fan, 1900-1909; by Edward P. Mitchell till Dec, 1911, when sold to 
 William C, Beick. Among its associate editors were Richard A. Locke 
 (1835), M. M. Noah fl846), Amos J. Cummings (1868-73), Henry B. 
 Stanton (1868-87), and M. W. Hazeltine (1875-1909). 
 
 Weekly Sun. Sept. 3, 1833; Sept. 22, 1862; Apr. 25, 1865; Apr., 1876- 
 Dec, 1881 (Incomp.); Jan.-June, 1892; 1894. 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Survey (m). Vols. 1, 2, 4. 1898-99 (Incomp.). Vols. 5-24. 1900- 
 1910. 19 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1897, by Charity Organization Soc. of N. T. City. At first, 
 local pamphlet for members. Edited by Edward T. Devine, Graham Tay- 
 lor and Paul D. Kellogg. Styled Charities, 1898-1905 ; Charities and 
 Commons, 1905-1909 ; since then, Survey. 
 
 New York Tablet (w). June, 1868-Dec, 1869. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1857. Conducted by D. & J. Sadlier & Co., 1870-1882; M. 
 Kerwin, 1883-1893. No later mention in directories. Roman Catholic. 
 
 Tailor (m). Vols. 1-4. 1888-94. Ft. Vols. 5-19. Sept., 1894-July, 
 1909. 6 v. Q. Aug., 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1888, by Journeymen Tailors' Union ; edited by John B. Lem- 
 mon, genl. sec, 1894-July, 1910; since then by E. J. Brais. Non-politi- 
 cal. Removed to Bloomington, 111., 1896. 
 
 Tax Reformer (bi-m). May, 1887. 
 
 Technologist (m). Vols. 1-2. 1870-71. Indexed. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Published by J. H. Caswell, L. H.Mitchell, and others (Industrial Pub- 
 lication Co.); edited by John Phin; illustrated journal of engineering, 
 manufacturing, and building; absorbed National Review (published by 
 James R. Hosmer) , Dec, 1870 ; after 1871, styled Industrial Monthly. 
 
 Telescope (w). Vols. 1-2. June, 1824-May, 1826. Indexed. 2 v. F. 
 Vols. 3-4. June, 1826-May, 1828. Indexed. F*. 
 Published by William Burnett & Co. Religious. 
 
 Temperance. 
 
 See same title, under New Brunswick, N. J. 
 
 198] 
 
New York 
 
 National Tempebance Advocate (m). Vols. 1-2, 7, 12-27. 1866-67; 
 1872; 1877-92. 19 v. in 7. F. 
 
 Published by Natl. Temperance Soc. and Pub. House. Managed by J. 
 N. Stearns till 1893. Styled National Advocate since 1900. 
 
 Journal of the American Temperance Union (m). Vols. 4-6, 10-12. 
 1840-42; 1846-48. Indexed. 2 v. Q. 
 
 See same title, under Philadelphia. 
 
 Timepiece, and Literary Companion (tri-w). Mar., 1797-Aug., 1798 
 (incomp.). F». 
 Edited successively by Philip Freneau, Matthew L. Dayis, and John 
 D'Oley Burke. 
 
 New York Times (d). 1853-June, 1879; Aug., 1882-Jan., 1890; Oct., 
 1890L-june, 1897; Dec, 1908-June, 1909; 1910; Jan.-Feb., 1911. 
 161 v. Fe. 
 
 - Same (s>w). May, 1834-Dec, 1836; 1837-38, scat, nos.; Jan., 
 1839-Mar., 1840. 2 v. Ff. 186?, 5 nos.; 1865, 2 nos.; Nov. 26, 
 1869. 
 
 Same (w). Jan., 1853-Mar., 1854. F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1851, by Henry J. Raymond and George Jones (son of 
 Horace Greeley's first employer) : managed by them during life, Raymond 
 till 1869, Jones till 1891 ; among its editors were Alexander C. Wilson, 
 Caleb C. Norvell (1852-70), James R. Spalding, E. L. Godkin, W. H. 
 Hurlbert, Charles F. Briggs, George Sheppard, L. J. Jennings, Charles R. 
 Miller (since 1883), and others. In politics Whig, then Republican; 
 since 1893, Independent Democrat. Exposed Minnesota land-stealing 
 scheme in Congress, 1857 ; led the war on Tammany Ring, 1870-72. 
 Published after 1891 by Gilbert, son of George Jones ; controlled since 
 1896 by Adolph S. Ochs. An index for 1865 was separately Issued. 
 
 Toledo Sun (w). July 15, 1875. 
 Founded 1872. 
 
 Teade Union Advocate (m). June, 1900. 
 
 Trade Union Chronicle (w). Sept.-Nov., 1904. F*. 
 
 Trades Union Council (w). Sept.-Oct„ 1904. F. 
 
 Tramp (w). German. 1888, 2 nos. 
 
 Evening Transcript (d). Mar., 1834-Jan., 1835. Q. Feb.-Aug., 1835. 
 
 F*. Aug.-Dec, 1835; Sept., 1835-Aug., 1836. 3 v. F«. 
 Founded by Stanley, Lynde, & Hayward, 1834 ; styled N. Y. Trantcript, 
 
 1835; suspended, 1839. 
 
 New York Tribune (d). Nov., 1841-Oct, 1842; Oct., 1842-Sept., 1843; 
 Nov., 1843-Apr., 1844; Apr.-Dec, 1844; Jan.-Oct, 1845; Apr.- 
 Aug., 1850; Jan-Sept, 1851; 1853; Jan.- June, 1854; Apr.-Dec, 
 1857; Jan.-May, Aug.-Dec, 1858; 1859-61; May-Dec, 1862; 1863- 
 87. 110 v. F6. 1888-94. 42 v. FT. 1895-1910. 96 v. Fe. 1911+ 
 [199] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Yoke City, continued: 
 
 Same (s-w). May-Dec, 1850; Jan.-June, June-Oct., 1851; Nov., 
 
 1851-Sept, 1852; 1855. 5 T. F«. 1862-67; 1870-Feb., 1871. 7 v. 
 F«. 
 
 Same (w). Sept.-Dec., 1842; 1843-51; Jan., 1852-Aug., 1853; 
 
 Sept., 1853-Sept., 1854; Sept., 1854-Dec, 1855; 1856-59; May- 
 Dec, 1860; 1862-63. 15 y. Fe. , 
 
 Weekly edition of Tribune began Sept., 1841, and in it were merged 
 Log Cabin and New Yorker. 
 
 Established Apr., 1841, by Horace Greeley, as successor of New Yorker; 
 advocated high protective tariff, abolition of slavery, social reform ; con- 
 ducted by Greeley till his death (1872) ; by Whitelaw Eeid till 1905; by 
 Lyman Hart, 1905-1906. Now published by Tribune Assn., Ogden Mills, 
 president. Successive editors in chief were, Charles A. Dana (1847-61), 
 Sidney Howard Gay, ,Tohn Russell Young (1866-69), and Whitelaw Eeid; 
 other editors, H. J. Raymond (1841-43), W. F. G. Shanks (1869-80); 
 Thomas McBirath was publisher during 1841-48. Albert Brisbane wrote 
 in Tribune series of articles on Fourierism, 1841-43 ; and Greeley advo- 
 cated this doctrine in controversy with Raymond (1846—47), and sev- 
 eral years thereafter. Annual indexes have been separately published 
 since 1874. 
 
 New York Daily Tribune Index. 1875-1906. 32 v. D. 
 
 Truth (w). Jan. 6, 1882. 
 
 Troth Seeker (w). Vols. 1-2. 1873-75; Vols. 4-5. 1877-78; Vols. 
 7-24. 1880-97; Vols. 26-30. 1899-1903; Vols. 31, 32. 1904-1905 
 (incomp,); 27 v. F*. 1906+ 
 
 Founded 1873, by D. M. Bennett, as a free thought and agnostic jour- 
 nal. Conducted by Bennett till his death in 1882 ; (E, M. Macdonald till 
 1909 ; since his death in that year, by George E. Macdonald. 
 
 Twentieth Century (w). Vols. 4-10. 1890-93; Vols. 12-20. 1894-98. 
 
 16 v. Q. Also earlier scat. nos. 
 
 Established 1888, by Hugh O. Pentecost and conducted by him (for 
 the Twentieth Century Pub. Co.) till 1891 ; Joseph Fitzgerald (Humboldt 
 Pub. Co.), 1892-94; D. O. Laughlin, 1895-1901 (Twentieth Century Co., 
 after 1896). Socialist. No later data obtainable. 
 
 New York Underwriter and General Joint Stock Register (m). Jan., 
 1871-Sept, 1873 (incomp.). Fi. 
 
 Founded 1856. Conducted by J. B. Ecclesine, 1870-1878. Then pub- 
 lished by Underwriter Printing and Pub. Co., and edited by A. D. Brig- 
 ham till 1881. No later mention in directories. Styled 2V"ew York Un- 
 derwriter except 1875-77. 
 
 Unionist (s-m). 1902-1903, 3 nos.; 1904-Apri, 1906 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Founded 1886. Published (1906) by Unionist Pub. Co., and edited by 
 John H. Delaney. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Union Printer (w). Aug: 2, 1890. 
 
 [200] 
 
New York 
 
 United States Army and Navy Journal. 
 See Army and Navy Journal. 
 
 Universal Engineer (m). Apr., 1908+ O. 
 
 Issued first as a pamphlet, later as official organ of Universal Crafts- 
 men Council of Engineers. 
 
 Univebsalist Union (w). Vol.1. Nov., 1835-Nov., 1836. Indexed. F*. 
 Successor of N. T, Ohr. Messenger, Phila. Universalist, Albany Gospel 
 Anchor, and Hartford Religious Inquirer; edited by T. J. Sawyer, Abel 
 C. Thomas, and others. 
 
 Vanity Fair (w). Vols. 3-5. 1861; Jan.-June, 1862. Indexed. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Established 1859 ; published by Louis H. Stephens ; edited successively 
 by Charles G. Leland ("Hans Breitmann," pseud.), Charles Dawson 
 Shanly, and C. P. Browne ("Artemus Ward," pseud.) ; George Arnold a 
 leading contributor. Comic. 
 
 Vigilant (irreg.). Nos. 1-18. 1900-1901. Fe. 
 
 Weekly Visitor and Ladies' Museum. Vol. 2. May-Oct, 1818. In- 
 dexed. O. 
 
 Published by Alexander Ming. 
 
 Voice (w). Sept., 1884-1898. 8 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1884, by Punk and Wagnalls; published by them till 1899; 
 then removed to Chicago, and there issued by New Voice Pub. Co., being 
 edited by John G. Woolley. Styled New Voice, q. v., Dec, 1898. Tem- 
 perance. 
 
 Volksadvocat (d). Hebrew. Aug. 10, Nov. 16, 1888. 
 
 With Russian, Japanese, and other Newspapers, 1870-93. 
 
 Same. June 28, July 5, 1895. 
 
 With Jewish Gazette, Apr.-Dec, 1895. 
 
 Deutscher Volksfreund (w). 1895-96, scat, nos.; 1897; 1899-1900 (in- 
 comp.). F-Ps. 
 
 Founded 1871 by American Tract Soc. and published by them till 1901. 
 No later data obtainable. German Evangelical. 
 
 New Yorker Volkszeitung (d). Oct., 1889-99. 15 v. F». Apr., 1902- 
 June, 1906. 10 v. Ft. June, 1906-1910. 14 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1878, by the Socialistic Co-op. Pub. Assn., and since 
 conducted by them. 
 
 Wochenblatt der N. Y. Volkszeitung. June, 1888-June, 1892. F?. 
 
 Vorwarts der N. Y. Volkszeitung (w). 1899; 1901-June, 1906. 3 v. 
 F7. July, 1906-1910. 3 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Volmy Smery. Apr. 1, 1903. 
 
 Volunteers' Gazette (w). Sept. 2, 1897. 
 
 [201] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York City, continued: 
 
 Vorwabts (w). 1893-94. O. 
 
 Founded 1892, by N. T. Labor News Co. Alter 1895 Issued as weekly 
 edition of New Yorker Volkseeitung, q. v. Socialist. 
 
 Wall Street Journal (d). Mar., 1905-Mar., 1906. 4 v. F». 
 Founded 1883. Published since 1889 by Dow, Jones & Co. 
 
 Wall Street News (d). 1879-1907 (incomp.). 46 v. P-F4. 
 
 Founded 1879, by Charles D. Keep, and conducted by him till 1888; 
 E. Martin Black, 1888-Oct., 1903 ; John G. Wilson and Warren K. Dowe, 
 Sept., 1904-June. "1905. 
 
 Wab (w). Vols. 1-3. June, 1812-Sept, 1814; Feb.-Mar., 1817. In- 
 dexed. F. 
 
 Published by Samuel Woodworth ; contains complete current history 
 of War of 1812-15, with official documents. 
 
 WarCby(w). 1908-1909, scat. nos. F*. 
 
 For English edition, see same? title under London. 
 Founded 1884, organ of Salvation Army. Published by Balling-ton 
 Booth till 1896 ; Frederick Booth-Tucker, till about 1904 ; now by Re- 
 liance Trading Co. (controlled by Salvation Army). Edited by William 
 H. Cox since about 1892. 
 
 Warheit (d). Yiddish. July-Aug., 1907, 23 nos. F«. 
 
 Founded 1894. Published (1910) by Warheit Pub. Co., and edited by 
 L. E. Miller. Issues weekly edition styled Volksadvocat. 
 
 Watchman (w). Mar. 17, 1866. 
 
 Watchman (w). Vol. 1, No. 2. Dec. 26, 1899. 
 
 Watson & Alpers Weekly Market Letter. Oct., 1902-Mar., 1905. Q. 
 
 Watson's Magazine (m). June, 1906. 
 
 See Weekly Jeffersonkm, under Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Week (w). Vols. 1-3. Dec, 1871-Dec, 1872. Indexed. 2 v. F4-F. 
 A resume 1 of current opinion, home and foreign; published by C. H. 
 Jones & Co. till May^ 1872, then by C. H. Holt and J. D. Williams. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Weekly People. j 
 
 See People. 
 
 WiLSHrRE's Magazine (m). 1902-Sept, 1904; 1905-Feb., 1909; 1910+ O. 
 Founded 1899, at Los Angeles, Calif., by Gaylord Wilshire, and slnc« 
 conducted by him; (Joshua Wanhope, associate editor since 190S). Is- 
 sued weekly under name Challenge for ten months ; then moved to To- 
 ronto. Can., and issued monthly under present name. In 1901 moved to 
 New York. Socialist. 
 
 Wilson & Co's. Dispatch (m). Mar. 1, 1847. 
 Published by Wilson & Co. 
 
 [202] 
 
New York 
 
 Witness (m). Vols. 1-6. 1865-70. 6 v. in 2. Q. 
 
 Published by James Inglis & Co., 1870-72. Then suspended. 
 
 Weekly Witness. 1889-90. P«. 
 
 Weekly edition of N. Y. Daily Witness, established 1871 as "a Chris- 
 tian, one-cent, afternoon newspaper." Published by John Dougall, 1871- 
 1901, or later ; since then by Witness and Sabbath Reading Co. Edited 
 by James D. Dougall In 1909. Daily discontinued, 1880. 
 
 Woman's Cycle (bi-w). May-Sept, 1890. Q. 
 
 Edited by Mrs. J. C. Croly ("Jennie June," pseud.) ; merged in Home- 
 Maker, Sept., 1890. 
 
 Woman's Work for Woman, and our Mission Field (m). Vols. 1-7, 
 9-10. 1886-92; 1894-95. Indexed. 9 v. O. 
 
 Continuation of Woman's Work for Woman, q. t. ; dropped subtitle 
 after 1889. Edited by Ellen C. Parsons. Now styled Woman's Work. 
 
 International Wood Carver. 
 
 See same title, under Cincinnati, O. 
 Work and Wages. 
 
 See same title, under Springfield, Mass. 
 Worker (m). Nov., 1879. 
 
 Advocates co-operative colonization. 
 Worker (w). Apr., 1900-1905. F?. 1906-Mar., 1908. Fa. 
 
 Continuation of People, q. v., organ of Social-Democratic Party, which 
 separated from Socialist Labor Party July, 1899. Both parties contin- 
 ued to publish People till the courts decided the s\ L. P. had the right 
 to the name. Then the S. D. P. styled their publication Worker, Apr. 28, 
 1900. Continued Apr., 1908, by A 7 . Y. Socialist, q. v. 
 
 Worker (w). Vol. 1, nos. 1-5. Jan.-Feb., 1905. Fs. 
 
 Workmen's Advocate (w). 1884-91, 9 nos. F». 
 
 World (d). May, 1862-Mar., 1899. 126 v. F«. 
 
 World, Morning Courier, and New York Enquirer (d). Aug.-Dec., 
 1861. F «. , 
 
 World established June, 1860, as a moral and religious daily, by Alex- 
 ander Cummings, formerly of Phila. Worth American, aided by Richard 
 Grant White and James K. Spalding; after sinking $200,000 they sold 
 the paper, since conducted on the ordinary secular plan ; edited by Man- 
 ton Marble, 1862-76, and owned by him, 1869-83; after 1883 by Joseph 
 Pulitzer, formerly of St. Louis Post-Dispatch, till his death in 1911 ; ab- 
 sorbed Courier and Enquirer (1861), but soon dropped this name as sub- 
 title; Democratic in politics; among editors, James R. Spaulding (1860), 
 William H. Hurlbert (1876-83), John A. Cockerill (1883-91). Courier 
 founded May, 1827; soon after, became property of James Watson Webb; 
 edited by him thereafter ; leading contributors, Brooks, Bennett, King, 
 J. K. Paulding, and others; Democratic till 1832, then Whig; H. J. Ray- 
 mond, editor, 1843-50; this paper, with Tribune and others, sued by J. 
 Fenimore Cooper for criticising his naval history ; merged in World, 
 July, 1861. Enquirer founded 1826 by M. M. Noah, as National Advo- 
 cate: merged In Courier, 1829. 
 
 [203] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New Tobk City, continued: 
 
 Wobld's Work (m). Vols. 1-21. 1900-Apr., 1911. 21 v. O. May, 
 
 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1900, by Doubleday, Page & Co., and since published by 
 them. Edited by Walter H. Page. 
 
 Youth's Cabinet. 
 
 See same title, under Boston, Mass. 
 
 Zeit-Gbist (w). Sept., 1905-June, 1908 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Zukunft (m). Hebrew. 1894-Aug., 1897 (Sept.-Dec., 1897 not pub- 
 lished); 1902-1909. 12 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1891. Published by Jewish-speaking sections of Socialist 
 Labor Party of TJ. S. 
 
 Oneida 
 
 Circulab (w). Vols. 1-12. 1851-Feb., 1864. 7 v. F». New series, 
 vols. 1-13. Mar., 1864-Mar., 1876. 12 v. Fs. 
 See same title, under Brooklyn. 
 
 Fbbe Chtjbch Circular (w). 1850-51. O. 
 
 Founded 1847. Merged (1851) in Circular, Brooklyn, q. v. 
 
 American Socialist (w). Vols. 1-4. 1876-79. 4 v. Fs. 
 
 Successor of Oneida Circular, q. t. > 
 
 Oswego 
 
 Oswego Commercial Herald (w). June 15, 1840. 
 
 Oswego Commercial Times (d). July 26, 1864. 
 
 Oasis (m). Vol. 1. Aug., 1837-July, 1838. F. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1837, by Joseph Neilson and John S. Randall, and con- 
 ducted by them till July, 1838. 
 
 Oswego Palladium (w). June, 1847-June, 1849. F«. 
 
 Founded 1819, by Chauncey Abbey; daily edition began in 1850. 
 Edited June, 1847-June, 1849, by B. Brockway. 
 
 Pilot (w) . June 20, 1840. 
 
 Oswego Weekly Times. Dec. 18, 1856. 
 
 Perry 
 
 Perry Democrat (w). Apr. 13, 1849. 
 
 [204] 
 
New York 
 
 Plattsburg 
 
 Aueoea (w). Aug. 18, 1830. 
 
 Founded 1827. Edited (1830) by F. P. Allen. 
 Plattsburg Republican (w). May 22, 1830. 
 
 Potsdam 
 
 Potsdam Courier (w). May 21, 1852. 
 
 Established 1851, by V. Harrington. Published sin'g 1870 by Elliot 
 Fay as Courier and Freeman ; with — Sweet, 1874-79 ; since then 
 with his sons. Republican. 
 
 Poughkeepsie 
 
 Poughkeepsie Eagle (w). July, 1864-Sept., 1866 (incomp.). Ft. 
 
 Founded 1828. KTerged with Journal, q. v., 1844. 
 
 Poughkeepsie Journal (w). May-Sept., 1793; Feb.-July, 1794. F«. 
 Nov. 27, 1798; Oct. 1, 1799. 
 
 Founded 1785. Published by Nicholas Power, later by John Aiken, 
 and by Paraclete Potter (1N06-18) ; united with Eagle, 1844; styled 
 Eagle after 1850. Published since 1869 by Isaac Piatt and members of 
 his family. 
 
 Press (d). Dec. 15, 1860. 
 
 Pulaski 
 
 Pulaski Democrat (w). Mar. 21, 1861; Oct. 4, 1866. 
 
 Rochester 
 
 Advent Harbinger (w). July 20, 1847. 
 
 With Second Adventist Newspapers, 1842-47. Edited by Joseph Marsh. 
 
 Rochester American (d). 1846, 3 nos.; 1847, 2 nos. F«. 
 
 Same (w). July 27, 1847 (imp.). 
 
 Rochester Democrat (d). 1839-44, 1847-50, 1856, scat. nos. F». 
 
 Monroe Democrat (w). 1845, 1852-54, 7 nos. Ft. 
 
 Genesee Evangelist (w). Oct. 12, 1849; Jan. 4, 1850. 
 
 Genesee Farmer (w). Vol. 1. 1831. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Established Jan., 1831, by Luther Tucker, founder and publisher of 
 Rochester Daily Advertiser ; united with Albany Cultivator, Jan., 1840. 
 
 Genesee Farmer (m). Vol. 7. Mar., Apr., 1846; Vol. 8. May, Not., 
 1847. Vols. 21-25. Mar., 1860— Dec, 1864. Indexed. 5 v. in 2. 
 O. 
 
 See New Genessee Farmer. 
 
 [205] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Rochester, N. Y„ continued: 
 
 New Genesee Fabmeb (m). Vols. 1, 3. 1840, 1842. 2 v. in 1. Q. 
 
 Vol. 1 published by M. B. Bateman and B. F. Marshall ; edited by 
 Bateman and John J. Thomas. Vol. 3 published by Bateman ; edited by 
 Henry Colman. In 1843 conducted by Colman alone ; later by Joseph 
 • Harris. 
 
 Fbedebick Douglass' Paper (w). July 8, 1859. 
 
 Established Dec, 1847, by Frederick Douglass, under the title of North 
 Star; continued till the abolition of slavery. 
 
 Rochester Gem (bl-w). Vols. 5-6. 1833-34. Indexed. F. 
 
 Successor of Western Wanderer (founded 1828, by Peter Cherry) ; pub- 
 lished by John Denio, edited by Edwin Scranton ; suspended, 1843. This 
 volume contains historical and biographical articles by Lyman C. Draper 
 — his first published contributions. 
 
 Glad Tidings (w). Vol.1. July 13, 1843. 
 
 Rochester Herald (d). Apr. — Dec, 1896. 3 v. Pe. 
 
 Founded 1879 by Herald Pub. Co., and since published by then. 
 Edited by Samuel H. Lowe, 1870-94 ; John B. Howe, 1895-98 ; since then 
 by Louis M. Antisdel. 
 
 Rochester Laboe (w). June 6, 1896. 
 
 Labor Journal (w). 1903, 2 nos.; 1906-1908, 14 nos. F6. 
 
 Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineebs Journal (m). 1867-76, 1886-88, 
 
 scat, nos.; Vol. 25. 1891; 1892, 9 nos.; 1893, 6 nos.; Vol. 28. 
 
 1894; Vols. 37-43. 1903-1909. 9 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1867, by Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. Edited by 
 Charles Wilson till Apr., ]874 (with S. E. Mudge, C. Fellows, and L. B. 
 Greene 1 , successively); P. M. Arthur (with others I, Apr., 1874-1893; H. 
 C. Hays, 1894-97 ; since then, C. H. Salmons. Published successively at 
 Rochester, Fort Wayne, Ind., and Cleveland, O. 
 
 Moore's Rural New Yorker (w). Vols. 3-7. 1852-56, scat. nos. Fs. 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 Republican (w). Apr. 4, 1861. 
 
 Monroe Republican (w). Jan. 1, 1822. 
 
 American Rural Home (w). Vol. 1. 1871. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1871, by Hopkins & Wilcox. Conducted by them about a 
 year ; by Hopkins and P. C. Reynolds till 1885. Afterwards published 
 by Rural Home Co., and edited by Reynolds till 1891. No later mention 
 in directories. 
 
 Social Age (m). Oct., 1900. 
 
 Rochester Socialist (w). Dec, 1907-Mar., 1908. F«. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1907, by local, Socialist party ; managed by W. J. Kirby. 
 No later data obtainable. 
 
 [206] 
 
New York 
 
 Rochester Telegraph (w). Jan. 4, Nov. 14, 1820; Feb. 15, 1825. 
 
 Rochester Temperance Journal (w). Feb. 24, 1852 (imp.). 
 
 Dally Union and Advertiser. Nov. 2, 1867 (imp.). 
 
 Voice of Truth (w). June 15, 1844. 
 
 Western New Yorker (w). 1843, 5 nos.; July 14, 1847. Ft. 
 
 Rochester Daily Whig. Aug. 14, 1840. 
 
 Rome 
 
 Roman Citizen (w). Apr. 16, 1844. 
 
 Sackets Harbor 
 
 Sackets Harbor Observer (w). Apr. 16, 1852. 
 
 Established Mar., 1848, by O. H. Harris ; continued after 1852 as <7e/- 
 Jerson Farmer. 
 
 Sandy Hill 
 
 Sandy Hill Herald (w). Feb. 23, 1847. 
 
 Saratoga Springs 
 
 Saratoga Whig (d). Aug. 10, 1848. 
 
 Schenectady 
 
 Mohawk Mercury. Mar. 24, Aug. 18, 1795. 
 
 With Foughkeepsie Journal, 1793-94. First paper in Schenectady; 
 published by C. P. Wyckoff till 1797, then by John L. Stevenson. 
 
 Seneca Falls 
 
 Seneca County Courier (w). Apr. 2, 1846. 
 
 Trump of Jubilee (m). Apr., 1846. 
 
 With Second Adventist Newspapers. Edited by E. E. Pinney, 1842-47. 
 
 Sing Sing 
 
 Republican (w). Mar. 8, 1866 (imp.). 
 
 Stapleton 
 
 SoudabitAt (w). Apr., 1906-Feb., 1908. Q. 
 
 Pounded 1906. Published in interest of Workmen's Sick and Death 
 Benefit Fund of U. S. 
 
 [207] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New York, continued: 
 
 Syracuse 
 
 Northern Christian Advocate (w). 1879-99. 14 v. F*. 1900; 1901- 
 1909 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Founded 1841. Edited by Rev. D. D. Love, 1872-75 ; Rev. O. H. War- 
 ren. 1877-92 ; Rev. J. E. C. Sawyer, 1892-June, 1900 ; Bennett E. Titus, 
 June, 1900-Apr., 1907 ; since then by Liston H. Pearee. Methodist Epis- 
 copal. 
 
 Industrial Weekly. 1906+ F«. 
 
 Pounded 1905. Conducted since 1906 by Thomas M. Gaffney. 
 
 Laboe World (w) . Dec. 9, 1899. 
 
 Official Journal Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen 
 (m). 1900, scat. nos. 1901-1905. 3 v. O. 1906-1908, scat. nos. 
 Pounded 1899. Edited by Homer D. Call, 1901-1909. No later men- 
 tion in directories. 
 
 School Bulletin (m). 1892-99. F. 
 
 Pounded Sept., 1874, by C. W. Bardeen and since published by him. 
 Absorbed yew York Educational Journal, April, 1875, and since pub- 
 lished under double title. 
 
 Syracuse Socialist (m). July, 1896. 
 
 Teachers' Advocate (w). Sept., 1845-Aug., 1846. Indexed. F. 
 
 Organ of N. Y. State Teachers' Association, edited by Edward Cooper; 
 removed to New York City, 1S4S. 
 
 Weekly Worker. June-Oct., 1875. F. 
 
 Founded 1875, by T. D. Curtis. Labor. 
 
 Tivoli 
 
 Eclaireub (m). Vol. 2. Aug., 1854-July, 1855. O. 
 
 Edited by J. Watts de Peyster; devoted to interests of N. X. State 
 militia: published 1853-56. 
 
 Troy 
 
 Troy Advocate (w). 1903, 10 nos. Fa-F. 
 
 Northern Budget (w). Feb. 9, 1813. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811—20. Pounded June, 
 1797, by Robert Moffat and Jesse Buel ; published by Moffat till 1807, by 
 Oliver Lyon till 1810, later by Z. Clark ; edited by J. M. Francis (1846- 
 49) ; C. L. MacArthur (1S47-59). Suspended during War of Secession 
 on account of its Southern sympathies ; revived by MacArthur, March, 
 1867 ; since then published by bim and his son as a Republican organ. 
 
 [208] 
 
New York 
 
 Family Journal (w). Vols. 4-6. Jan., 1848-Apr., 1851; Vols. 8-13. 
 
 Apr., 1852-1857. New Series, Vols. 1-4. 1858-May, 1861. 10 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1844. Published by Allen Fisk and Sons (under different 
 
 firm names), 1848-1861. Styled N. Y. Temperance Journal for a time; 
 
 Family Journal, 1848-57; Fish's Family Journal, 1858-59. Issued also 
 
 at Albany. 
 
 Labor Advocate (w). Dec. 19, 1903; Oct. 27, 1905. 
 
 Rat (w). June 25, 1887. 
 
 Shibt Waist and Laundry Workers' International Union Official Jour- 
 nal (m). Oct., 1903-Aug., 1904. O. 
 
 Founded 1903. Edited by Charles E. Nordeck, 1903-1904. No later 
 data obtainable. 
 
 Troy Times (d and w). Aug.-Dec, 1863; 1864-65. 5 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1851, by J. M Francis ; conducted by him till about 1900 
 (with his son after 18S0) ; since then by Charles S. Francis. Republican. 
 
 Union Springs 
 
 Cayuga , Tocsin (w). Jan. 9, 1812. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Established 
 1812, by R. T. Chamberlain ; soon removed to Auburn ; merged in Ca- 
 yuga Patriot, 1847. 
 
 Utica 
 
 Utica Advocate (w). June, 1908-1910. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1892, by Bean & Horton. and conducted by them till 1894 : 
 Bean & Bantham, 1894 ; Bantham, Forks & Co., 1894-98 ; since then by 
 Frederick W. Bean. Labor. 
 
 New York Baptist Register (w). Vols. 4^5. Mar., 1827-Feb., 1829. 
 2 v. F». 
 
 Founded 1824, by Rev. Messrs. Willey, Lathrop, and Galusha, and 
 edited by them a short time in turn ; then published by N. T. Baptist 
 State Convention ; profits devoted to missions ; edited by A. M. Beebe. 
 Later united with New York Recorder, q. v. 
 
 Chbistian Contributor and Free Missionary (w). Apr., 1846-Aug.,' 
 1847; Aug., 1847-Feb., 1849. Indexed. 2 v. F«. 
 
 With Chr. Contributor, Boston, q. v. Edited by Cyrus P. Grosvenor. 
 Baptist, anti-slavery. 
 
 National Electrical Contractor (m). Oct., 1907. 
 
 Evangelical Magazine and Gospel Advocate (w). 1838. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Successor of Utica Magazine (founded 1827) ; merged in Chr. Ambas- 
 sador, 1851. 
 
 Gazette (d). Nov. IS, 1851; Feb. 2, 1852. 
 
 Columbian Gazette (w). May 9, 1803. 
 Published by Thomas Walker. 
 
 14— N. C. [ 209 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Utica, N. Y., continued: 
 
 Gospel Messenger (w). 1827-36; 1836-Jan., 1840; 1848-59 (incomp.) ; 
 1860-69; 1870-71 (incomp.). 5 v. Fs. 
 
 Established 1827, at Auburn ; removed to Utica, 1835 ; published there 
 by Rev. W. T. Gibson, 1870-71. No later mention in directories. Protes- 
 tant Episcopal. 
 
 Living Issue (w). Sept., 1885-July, 1886. F«. 
 
 Established Sept., 1875 ; published by G. D. Scrambling till 1887. 
 No later mention in directories. Temperance. 
 
 Utica Observes (w). Extra. July 19, 1832; Nov. 2, 1847. 
 Olive Branch (m). Vol. 8. 1883. F. 
 
 Founded 1876. Published by David Jones till 1889. No later mention 
 in directories. Spiritualist. 
 
 Warsaw 
 
 Wyoming Co. Mirror (w). Apr. 25, 1848. 
 Western New Yorker (w) . Oct. 22, 1868. 
 
 Watertown 
 
 Jeffehsonian (w). June 13, 1840. 
 Journal of United Brotherhood of Paper Makers. 
 See Paper Makers' Journal. 
 
 Paper Makers' Journal (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Dec. 1, 1901; Mar., 1902. 
 
 West Farms 
 
 Westchester Gazette (w). Aug., 1850-Aug., 1851. F». 
 
 Founded Aug., 1850, by Hyde & Cogswell. Removed to Mott Haven, 
 q. v., Apr., 1851. 
 
 Whitehall 
 
 Whitehall Chronicle (w). 1853-55, 4 nos. 
 
 White Plains 
 
 Eastern State Journal (w). June 30, 1865. 
 
 Whitestown 
 
 Western Centinel (w). Mar. 18, Aug. 12, 1795. 
 
 With Poughkeepsie Journal, 1793-94. Established 1794 by Oliver P. 
 Eaton ; suspended, 1800. 
 
 Yonkers 
 
 Yonkers Gazette (w). May, 1865-Apr., 1866. F«. 
 
 Established 1852 by Thomas Smith, as Yonkers Herald; continued 
 May, 1864, as Yonkers Gazette; this volume contains series of historical 
 articles by the editor, Henry B. Dawson (afterward editor of the His- 
 torical Magazine, Morrisania, N. Y.). Published by J. G. P. Holden, 
 1869-97; Meadows Bros., 1898-1901 or later; now by Gazette Press. 
 Edited since 1901 by D. C. Nolan. Republican. 
 
 [210] 
 
North Carolina 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 Fayetteville 
 
 American (w). April 26, 1816. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Established 1813 ; pub- 
 lished by Bowell & Black. 
 
 Hillsboro 
 
 Alliance Weekly. May 8, 1896. 
 
 Iienoir 
 
 Lenoir Topic (w). Sept., 1885-Dec, 1887; 1888-90; Jan.-Aug., 1891. 
 3 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1875 ; published by Lenoir Pub. Assn., 1877-1889 ; R. E. 
 Blakey, editor ; W. W. Scott and R. C. Irving, 1883-84 ; Scott, 1885-96 ; 
 H. S. Blair, 1897-1900 ; Mark Squires, 1901. Now published by Topic 
 Pub. Co., and edited by W. M. Moore ; contains many articles relating to 
 Carolina history. Democratic. 
 
 Raleigh 
 
 Harbinger (w). Dec. 26, 1903. 
 
 State Journal (s-w). July 16, 1862. 
 
 With Southern ana Middle Local Neicspapers, 1851-60. Founded 1861. 
 Published (18621 by John Spelman and William Robinson. 
 
 Progress (w). Mar. 28, 1865. 
 
 With Southern and Middle Local Papers, 1851-60. Founded 1864. 
 Published in 1865 by J. L.. Pennington & Co. 
 
 Raleigh Register (s-w). June 25, 1824. 
 
 With Southern and Western Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Established 
 1799, by Joseph Gales, Sr. ; conducted by him till 1842, and by his son, 
 Western R., till 1848 ; daily edition (first daily in the state) began in 
 1851. This paper first published the "Mecklenburg Declaration of In- 
 dependence," Apr., 1819. 
 
 Star (w). Feb. 15, 1810. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1808. Established Jan., 1809 ; pub- 
 lished by Thomas Henderson Jr. 
 
 Wilmington 
 
 Wilmington Gazette (w). June 7, 1808. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1808. Founded about 1797 ; pub- 
 lished (1808) by Allmand Hall ; supported Madison. 
 
 Cape Fear Recorder (w). Apr. 11, 1827. 
 
 With Southern and Western Neicspapers, 1821-28. Established May, 
 1816, by Thomas Loring ; conducted in 1827 by A. M. Hooper. Republi- 
 can. 
 
 [211] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 North Dakota 
 
 Fargo 
 
 Fjeede Inli and Dakota (w). Norwegian. Mar., 1897-May, 1898. F», 
 See Fram. 
 
 Fbam (w). Norwegian. May-Dec, 1898. F«. 
 
 Founded 1S79. Styled successively Posten, Poster), and Testen, q. v., 
 under Grand Porks (Dakota), and Fjirde Inli and Dakota. Published by 
 A. A. Trovaaten, 1886-96 ; Stavnheim & Norman, 1897-98 ; since 1901 
 by Fram Pub. Co. Now edited by Trovaaten. 
 
 Grand Forks 
 
 Dakota (w). Oct., 1895-Mar., 1897. F«. 
 See Fjerde Inli, under Fargo. 
 
 Mid-West (w). Sept. 11, 1908. 
 
 Nobmanden (w). Feb. 15, 1899-1908. 5 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1887, by H. A. Foss, Ed. Lund, and S'. W. McLaughlin ; In- 
 corporated, 1891. Sold in 1893 to P. O. Thorson and others, and since 
 controlled by Thorson. At first Independent or Populist; since 1893, 
 Republican. 
 
 Hillsboro 
 
 Folkets Avis (w). 1899-1901. F«. 
 
 Founded 1898, by A. P. Throckstad as successor of Afholda-Basunen. 
 No later data obtainable. 
 
 Statstidende (w). 1899-1902. F«. 
 
 Founded 1897, by Banner Pub. Co. ; edited by Kjetil Knutson, Jan.- 
 Mar., 1899 ; since then by C. F. Bahnsen. Republican and Prohibition. 
 
 r*>3 v 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Akron 
 
 Advocate (w). 1896, 3 nos. 
 
 Commonwealth (w). Apr. 19, 1894. 
 
 New Republic (d). 1894, 6 nos. F«. 
 
 Official Journal of National Railway Clebks' Association (m). Apr., 
 Sept.," 1903. 
 
 People (w). Dec. 5, 12, 1902. 
 
 Summit Beacon (w). Dec. 10, 1856; Feb. 23, Apr. 29, 1857. 
 
 [212] 
 
Oh 
 
 10 
 
 Alliance 
 
 Alpha Xi Delta (q). 1908-1910; 8 nos. O. 
 
 Union Reporter (m). Mar., Oct., 1903. 
 
 Founded 1903. No longer published. 
 
 Ashland 
 
 Ashland Press (w). Nov., 1876-Apr., 1877. Fs. 
 
 Established 1846, by R. V. Kennedy, as Standard; after various 
 changes continued as Press, 1872. This volume contains a series of 
 papers on "The Shawnees," from the Alder MSS. Published by B. F. 
 Nelson, 1876-79 (with W. H. Gates as editor after 1877) ; W. F. Alber- 
 son, 1880-94 ; W. A. Weglandt, 1895-99 (with Gates part of the time) ; 
 since 1901 owned by Ashland Press Co. and edited by Weglandt for a 
 time — now by A. P. Black. Democratic. 
 
 Bainbridge 
 
 Ohio Spectator (w). 1848, '5 nos. F«. 
 
 Batavia 
 
 Clermont Courieb (w). July 10, 1846. 
 
 Bellaire 
 
 Progress (w). July, 1894-Mar., 1895 (Incomp.). Fs. 
 
 Founded 1893. Published by Oscar McKinley, 1894-96. No later 
 mention in directories. Labor. 
 
 Canton 
 
 Focus (w). 1894^-95, scat. nos. Fb. , 
 
 Ohio Repository and Stark Co. Gazette (w). Aug. 28, 1829. 
 
 With Ohio Monitor, Columbus, 1821-26. Established Mar., 1815, by 
 John Saxton, and conducted by him till his death, 1871. Published by 
 T. W. Saxton, 1871-78 ; since then by Repository Ptg. Co. Styled Can- 
 ton Repository after 1874. Edited by Joshua Hartzell, 1871-75 ; W. T. 
 Bascom, 1876-78 ; George B. Frease, 1895-1901. 
 
 Chillicothe 
 
 Chillicothe Advertiser (w). 1842-68, 9 nos. Fo. 
 
 Ancient Metropolis ( w ; d) . Sept., 1845-Feb., 1848 ; 1851-57, 46 nos. F». 
 Founded 1845 : daily edition in 1849. Edited by G. Armstrong, 1851- 
 July, 1854 ; William E. Gilmore, 1854-Apr., 1856 ; John Hanna, 1856- 
 June, 1857 ; then by Isaac Pepper. 
 
 Chillicothean (w). Oct. 25, 1828. 
 
 Fountain (s-m). Vol. 1. Feb., 1847— Jan., 1848. F. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1847. Edited by "An Association of Gentlemen," and 
 printed by Ely & Allen of Scioto Gazette. Suspended Jan., 1848. Tem- 
 perance and education. 
 
 [213] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chillicothe, Ohio, continued: 
 
 Fbedonian (w). July 22, 1808. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1802-10. Establishes 
 1807; published by E. D. Richardson; later by John Bailhache, under title 
 of Fredonian Chronicle; merged in Scioto Gazette, 1815. 
 
 Feiend of Freedom (w). Feb. 4, 1824. 
 
 With Ohio Monitor, 1821-24. Established by Caleb Atwater, author of 
 a history of Ohio (1839). 
 
 Chillieothe Gazette (tri-w). Dec, 1841-Mar., 1842, 17 nos. May 17, 
 1856. Fs. 
 
 Tri-weekly edition of Scioto Gazette, q. v., issued during sessions of 
 Congress and the Ohio legislature. 
 
 Daily Scioto Gazette. Dec, 1849-1850. Fs. 1851-55. 7 v. Fa. 1856- 
 57, 18 nos. 
 
 Same (w). 1829-37 (incomp.) ; 1841-42; 1843-44; Apr., 1845- 
 
 Mar., 1847; 1849-59 (incomp.). F<>-t. 1860-70, scat. nos. 
 See Supporter and Ohio Gazette. 
 
 Chillieothe Intelligences (s^w). Dec, 1842-Dec, 1843. F?. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1842, by C. C. Allen, and issued by him in weekly and 
 semi-weekly editions till Dec, 1843. Then suspended, and Allen became 
 publisher of Scioto Gazette, q. v. 
 
 loo Cabin Herald (w). Apr. 20, June 22, 1840. 
 
 Weekly Recorder. Vols. 1-2. July, 1814-July, 1816. Indexed. 2 v. 
 Q. Vols. 3-4. July, 1816-July, 1818. Indexed. 2 v. F. 1818:- 
 19. 1820 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded by John Andrews, a Presbyterian minister ; suspended 1821, 
 but revived at Pittsburgh, Jan., 1822, as Pittsburgh Recorder, afterwards 
 styled Presbyterian Banner. The Recorder is the first religious weekly 
 in the United States of which files are known to exist ; but the distinc- 
 tion of being the first published is claimed for two other journals : (1 1 
 Herald of Gospel Liberty, published by Dr. Elias Smith, presumably at 
 Portland, Me., 1808 (see White's National Cyclopedia of American Biog- 
 raphy, ii, p. 34). (2) Religious Remembrancer, published by John Wel- 
 wood Scott, Philadelphia, 1813 (see Scbarf & Westcott's History of 
 PMladelpKia, iii, p. 195S). 
 
 Ross County Register (w). Aug. 27, Sept. 3, 1870. 
 
 Stab op Liberty (w). 1834, 3 nos. 
 
 Supporter and Scioto Gazette (w). July 5, 1820. Oct., 1821-Jan., 1822. 
 Apr. 20, 1826. Fs. 
 
 With Ohio Monitor, Columbus, 1821-24. Scioto Gazette founded May, 
 1800, by Nathaniel Willis, of Boston ; absorbed Journal, 1801 ; and Fre- 
 donian, 1815 ; afterwards published by James Barnes ; united with Sup- 
 porter, 1820 or 1821, and continued as Supporter and Scioto Gazette; 
 soon resumed its former title; published by John Bailhache (1815-28), 
 
 [214] 
 
Oh 
 
 10 
 
 Robert Kercheval (1828-33), Seneca W. Ely (1835-42), E. G. Squier 
 (1845-46), Ely, Allen & Looker (1849-53), Otway Curry (1853), A. P. 
 Miller (1865), Raper & Wolfe after 1874; oldest paper in Ohio. Sup- 
 porter established Sept., 1808, by George Denny and George Nashee. See 
 also Thwaites, Ohio Valley Press oefore the War of 1812-15 (Amer. Antiq. 
 Soc. Proceedings, April, 1890). 
 
 Cincinnati 
 
 Cincinnati Ad Talk (d). 1907-1909 (incomp.). D. 
 Cincinnati Anzeiger (w). Dec. 16, 1900; 1901, 4 nos. F«. 
 Atlas (w). 1851-52, 4 nos. 
 
 BaAUEBEi-Arbeiter-Zeitung. 
 
 See lirauer-Zittung . 
 
 BRAUER-ZeITUNG. 
 
 See same title, under St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 (Business Guide (w). Jan.-Aug., 1872, 17 nos. F. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1872, apparently as successor of a purely Insurance 
 paper of same name. Issued by L. E. Thome & Co. for a year, then 
 bought by Index Pub. Co. and styled Insurance Index, q. v. 
 
 Child Labor Record (m). May, 1906. 
 
 Daily Christian Advocate. May 1-29, 1880. Ft. 
 
 Organ of General Conference of Methodist Episcopal Church ; edited 
 by W. H. Daniels. 
 
 Western Christian Advocate (w). May, 1834-Mar., 1844. Indexed. 
 6 v. F7. Oct., 1845-1851. 5 v. 1867-77, scat, nos.; 1878-96, 14 v. 
 Ft-4. 1897-1906; 1908-1909. 13 v. F. 
 
 Established by Methodist Book Concern ; edited at different times by 
 T. A. Morris, C. Kingsley. L. L. Hamline, M. Simpson, and other Metho- 
 dist ministers. Methodist Episcopal. 
 
 Cincinnati Christian Journal and Religious Intelligencer (w). July, 
 1830-July, 1831. Fs. 
 
 Successor of Pandect and of Indiana Religious Intelligencer (Madison, 
 Ind.) ; continued as Cincinnati Journal after Dec, 1830; afterwards re- 
 moved to New York City. See Pandect. 
 
 Christian Press (m). Jan., 1858. 
 
 Cincinnati Chronicle (w). Sept., 1836-Sept, 1839. 3 v.; 1846-49, 
 scat. nos. F«. 
 
 Established by E. D. Mansfield and Benjamin Drake, 1836 ; contained 
 Mrs. H. B. Stowe's first printed story; other contributors, L. J. Cist and 
 Mrs. Sigourney ; Whig in politics ; merged in Atlas, 1850. 
 
 Saturday Evening Chronicle (w). Aug., 1827-Dec, 1828. Fa. 
 
 Established 1826, by P. Burton; edited by Benjamin Drake; merged 
 in Mirror, 1835 ; revived in 1836, but soon suspended. 
 
 [215] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, continued: 
 
 Cincinnati Weekly Chronicle. Mar. 18, 1868 (first no. published). 
 
 Same (d). Sept. 6, 1870. 
 
 Cheonicle (w). July, 1907-1908. F6. 1909 + 
 
 Founded 1S92, by Central Labor Committee of Cincinnati and Vicinity, 
 and since published by them. Edited since 1901 by Frank L. Eist. 
 
 Cincinnati Chronicle and Literary Gazette (w). 1831-32. 2 v. F«. 
 Founded 1826. Published 1831-32 by B. Deming. 
 
 Cist's Weekly Advertiser. Vols. 1-2. Aug., 1844-June, 1846. F«. Vols. 
 1-6, new series. Mar., 1847-Dec., 1848; 1849-50; Jan., 1851-Apr., 
 1853. 6 v. in 3. F«. 
 
 Established Feb., 1844, by Charles Cist, son of the Philadelphia printer 
 of the same name ; styled Western General Advertiser during first eight 
 months, then Cist's Advertiser till Mar., 1847 ; especially devoted to his- 
 tory and statistics of Cincinnati ; suspended Apr., 1853. 
 
 Classmate (w). Vol. 7. 1900. F4. 
 
 Successor of Sunday School Classmate, edited for many years till July, 
 1900, by Jesse L. Hurlbut; Thomas B. Neely, July, 1900-June, 1904; 
 since then by Rev. J. T. McFarland. Juvenile. Methodist Episcopal. 
 
 Columbian and Great West (w). Aug., 1850-Mar., 1853. Fs. 
 
 Published by E. Penrose Jones, and edited by William B. Shattuck, 
 W. T. Coggeshall, and Murat Halstead ; wrecked by its daily edition, 
 Aug., 1853. Great West established May, 1848, by Robinson & Jones ; 
 edited by Emerson Bennett ; merged in Columbian, Mar., 1850. 
 
 Cincinnati Commercial (d). Nov. 7, 1856; Oct. 27, 1858; Dec., 1860; 
 
 Jan., Apr., 1861; Aug., 1861-June, 1871. 17 v. Fa-o. 1873; Mar., 
 
 1874- Aug., 1878; 1879; Feb.- Aug., 1881; July-Dec, 1882. 20 v. F». 
 
 Founded 1S41. Edited by Murat Halstead, 1853-83 ; then combined 
 with Gazette as Commercial-Gazette, q. v. 
 
 Cincinnati Commercial Gazette (d). Nov. 21, 1857; June 8, 1858; Apr., 
 
 1884-Oct, 1885; 1886; Jan.-Mar., 1888; 1890-91; 1894-Sept., 1895; 
 
 Feb.-May, 1896. 25 v. F?. 
 
 Consolidation (1883) of Gazette and Commercial, q. v. Edited after 
 the merger by Murat Halstead till about 1890. Styled Commercial 
 Tribune since 1896. 
 
 Cooperative News (s-m). Vols. 6-9. 1895-98 (incomp.). Q. 
 
 Founded 1891, in interests of building, loan and savings associations. 
 
 Dollar Times (w). 1853-1864, 10 nos. F*. 
 
 Economist (m). Vol. 1. Dec, 1890-July, 1891. F. 
 
 Founded 1890 by G. P. Osborne, and conducted by him till 1892. No- 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 [216] 
 
Ohi 
 
 10 
 
 Cincinnati Emporium (w). Vol. 1. Feb., 1824-Feb., Ig25. F<>. 
 
 Established "by S. J. Browne, formerly of J. W. Browne & Co." (see 
 Liberty Hall, note) ; in 1828, W. D. Gallagher was assistant editor. 
 
 Cincinnati Enquires (d). 1854-1863, 3 nos.; Dec. 29, 1885. 
 
 Western Farmer (m). Vols. 1-5. 1839-45. 5 v. O. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1839 and published till 1845 by Edward James Hooper; 
 associate editors, Thomas Affleck, C. Foster, and Charles W. Elliott. 
 Styled Western Farmer and Gardener after Oct., 1840. 
 
 Furniture Worker (s-m). Vol. 47, nos. 7 and 9. 1906. Vols. 48-53. 
 
 1907-09. F. 
 
 Founded 1883 ; styled Furniture World until 1885. Edited by A. A. 
 Brown, 1887-98; I. Mondschen, 1898-1901 or later; now by Ernest 
 Schneider. 
 
 Cincinnati Daily Gazette. 1857-62, 9 nos.; May- Aug., 1861. 1863-66.' 
 8 v. Fs. Jan.-June, 1877; Jan-Apr., Sept.-Dec, 1880. S v. F«. 
 Daily edition of Gazette, established in 1827. 
 
 Cincinnati Semi-Weekly Gazette. July, 1867-Dec, 1868; 1869-72. 3 t. 
 Fs. 1873-Feb., 1878. 5 v. Fe. 
 
 Oldest paper in Cincinnati ; founded July, 1815, by Thomas Palmer 
 and Eph'raim Morgan ; absorbed in Dec, Liberty Mall (q. v.) — see 
 Thwaites, Ohio Valley Press, pp. 33-35. Afterwards owned for many 
 years by Stephen and Eichard L'Hommedieu, later by Richard Smith ; Whig 
 and Anti Slavery in politics; semi-weekly edition began in 1819; edited 
 by I. C. Burnet (1822-25), Charles Hammond (1825-40), W. D. Gal- 
 lagher (1839-50), J. C. Wright (1841-51), J. H. Barrett (1855-60), 
 E. B. Mansfield (1857-80), Eichard Smith (1859-83), Whitelaw Eeid 
 (1861-65), Seneca W. Ely (1876-88). Consolidated with Commercial, 
 Jan., 1883, as Commercial-Gazette, under Murat Halstead, editor of Com- 
 mercial since 1853 ; conducted by him until 1889 ; by Perry S. Heath 
 and Eichard Smith until 1896 or later. Now published as weekly edition 
 of Commercial-Tribune. 
 
 American Grange Bulletin (w). Vols. 21-35. May, 1896-1905 (in- 
 comp.). F*. 
 
 Founded 1874. Published by Great Western Pub. Co. till 1879 ; since 
 then by Grange Bulletin Co. Edited hy E. C. Sawdon till 1877; since 
 1882 by Frederick P. Wolcdtt (with Mortimer Whitehead till 1886; 
 with Locksie Powell, 1893-1901). No later data obtainable. Styled 
 Grange Bulletin till 1883. 
 
 International Horseshoers' Monthly Magazine. 
 
 See same title, under Denver, Colo. 
 Index (m). Mar .-Oct., 1873. Q. 
 
 Successor to Insurance lndetc. Removed to Boston, June, 1873. 
 Insurance Index (m). Jan., 1872-Feb., 1873. Q. 
 
 Successor to Business Guide. 
 Iron Molders' Journal (m). Vol. 32. 1896; Vol. 35. 1899; Vols. 38-43. 
 1902-1907. 8 v. Q. 
 
 Founded 1865. Published since 1S96, by Iron Molders' Union of 
 
 [217] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, continued: 
 
 North America. Edited by David Black until May, 1903 ; since then 
 by John P. Frey. Styled International Molders' Journal (q. v.), since 
 1908. 
 
 Liberty Hall and Cincinnati Mercury (w). 1811-14 (incomp.). Partly 
 indexed. Fe. 
 
 Established Dec, 1804, by J. W. Browne (preacher, editor, patent- 
 medicine vendor, etc.), and conducted by him until 1813, with his 
 brother Samuel after 1809; then by the latter and J. H. Looker; later 
 published by Looker & Wallace; merged in Gazette, Dec, 1815. See 
 Thwaites, Ohio Valley Press, pp. 33, 34. 
 
 Liberty Hall and Cincinnati Gazette (s-w). Feb., 1825-Nov., 1826 (in- 
 comp.). Fs. 
 
 Same (w). 1844-47; 1850 (4 nos.). Fs. 
 
 Successor of Liberty Ball, q. v. ; published as weekly edition of Gazette. 
 
 Same. June 24, 1816. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 Life Boat (m). Dec, 1852. 
 
 Light of Truth (w). Nov. 19, 1892. 
 
 Cincinnati Literary Gazette (w). Vols. 1-3. 1824-Mar., 1825. 3 v. 
 in 2. Q. Oct. 29, 1825. 
 
 Established 1824, by John P. Foote ; contributors, David G. Burnet, 
 J. G. and Benjamin Drake, Fltz-Greene Halleck, C. S. Raflnesque, and 
 others ; suspended in 1825. 
 
 Journal of Metal Polishers. 
 
 See same title, under New York. 
 
 Bulletin of National Metal Trades Association (m) . Vols. 1-2. 1902- 
 1903. 2 v. O. Vol. 3. 1904. Q. 
 
 Founded 1902. Edited at first by E. F. Du Brul ; since Mar., 1903 by 
 Robert Wuest (with Julian V. Wright since 1906). Styled Open Shop, 
 q. v., since 1905. 
 
 Midland (m). Vols. 1-2. Oct., 1907-Dec, 1908. F4. Vol. 3. Jan.- 
 June, 1909. 2 v. P. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1907. Issued fortnightly till Mar., 1908 (at Chicago 
 also after Dec, 1907). Edited by E. Jay Wohlgemuth and John James 
 Piatt. 
 
 Western Midnight Cry (w). Sept. 27, 1843. Vols. 2-3. Dec, 1843- 
 June, 1844. F. 
 
 With Second Adventist Newspapers, 1842-47. Edited by Joshua V. 
 Himes. 
 
 Cincinnati Mirror and Ladies' Parterre (bi-w; s-m). Vol. 1. Oct., . 
 1831-Sept., 1832. F4. 
 Founded 1831, by J. H. Wood; edited by W. D. Gallagher; continued 
 
 [218] 
 
Ohi 
 
 10 
 
 (w) after Sept., 1833, by Gallagher and Thomas H. Shreve ; circulated 
 throughout Mississippi valley ; contained articles by nearly all leading 
 Western writers. Merged with Chronicle, q. v., Sept., 1836, and styled 
 Cincinnati Chronicle and Literary Gazette (the sub-title apparently hay- 
 ing no reference to the former paper of that name, q. t.). Published by 
 William A. Harper, Dec, 1886 — Apr., 1837; then by A. Pugh (part of 
 
 the time with Dodd) till 1848. Edited by Edward Mansfield, Apr., 
 
 1837 — Nov., 1848; then by T. B. Stevenson. Merged in Atlas, 1850. 
 styled Chronicle, Apr., 1837. 
 
 Cincinnati Miekob (w). Vols. 3-5. Oct., 1833-Oct, 1834; Apr.-Aug., 
 1835, 7 nos.; Jan.-Sept, 1836. 2 v. F. 
 Last vol. partly indexed. See preceding note. 
 
 Mixeb and Server (m). Vols. 12-17. 1903-1907. 6 v. O. 1908+ 
 
 Organ of Hotel and Restaurant Employes' Tnternatl. Alliance and Bar- 
 tenders* Internatl. League of American. Appeared irregularly as Waiters' 
 Journal, then in succession as Hotel and Restaurant Employe, Caterer 
 (not the same as the New York paper), and Purveyor. Present name 
 adopted Jan., 1900, and regular monthly numbers issued. Edited since 
 then by J. L. Sullivan. 
 
 International Moldebs' Journal (m). Vols. 44-45. 1908-1909. 2 v. 
 Q. 1910+ 
 
 See Iron Molders' Journal. 
 
 New Chtjbch Herald. 
 
 See same title, under Philadelphia. 
 
 Obebmayee Bulletin of Foundry Information (m). Sept., Oct., 1907. 
 
 Open Shop (m). 1905-Mar., 1908. O. 
 
 See Bulletin of Metal Trades Association. 
 
 Pandect (w). Vols. 1-2. May, 1828-July, 1830. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established May, 1828 ; edited by Joshua L. Wilson till May, 1829, 
 by Amos Blanchard after Sopt., 1829 ; published by A. F. Robinson and 
 D. W. Fairbank ; styled Cin. Pandect, July — Sept., 1S29, then Cin. 
 Christian Journal, q. v. 
 
 Pattern Makees' Journal (m). Vols. 8-17. 1899-1906. 4 v. O. Vols. 
 18-19. 1907-1908. Q. 1909+ 
 
 Organ of Pattern Makers' League of North America. Published by 
 them since June, 1891. Present editor, James Wilson. 
 
 People's Paper (d). Nov., 1843-Mar., 1844; Jan.-Feb., 1845. Q. 
 
 One-cent daily; founded 1843, by William Swim and G. M. Pickering; 
 contained no advertisements till it was enlarged, in Feb., 1845. 
 
 Petboleum Gazette (tri-m; w, Apr.). Vol. 1. Feb.-Nov., 1865, scat, 
 nos. F *. 
 Published by Thomas Bussert till July, then by A. J. Gibson. 
 
 Philanthropist (w). Vols. 1-4. Jan., 1836-Mar., 1840. 3 v. Ft. 
 1841, 4 nos. Fe. 
 Established at New Richmond by James G. Birney ; removed to Cin- 
 
 [219] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, continued: 
 
 einnati the following April, and then became organ of Ohio State Antt- 
 Slavery Society ; office destroyed by a mob, July, 1836 ; edited by Birney 
 till Sept., 1837, and by Gamaliel Bailey after May, 1836 ; in 1847 merged 
 in National Era, the paper started by Bailey at Washington, D. C, q. v. 
 
 Anti-slayery. 
 
 Cincinnati Populist (w). Sept. 1, Oct. 20, 1894. 
 
 Presbyter (w). 1867-69, 19 nos. Fe. 
 
 American Pressman (m). Dec, 1893. Vols. 9-19. 1898-1909. 10 V. 
 Q. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Sept., 1890, by Internatl. Printing Pressmen's Union of North 
 America. Conducted by Thomas J. Hawkins till June, 1893, when sus- 
 pended because of financial troubles. Resumed after six months, by 
 P. S. M. Munro, and conducted by him till June, 1894 ; Fred M. Youngs, 
 June, 1894-1895 ; Robert D. Sawyer, 1895 — June, 1898 ; Theodore S. 
 Galoskowsky, June, 1898 — Jan., 1907 ; Frank Pampusch, Jan., 1907 — 
 Jan., 1910 ; since then by Charles W. Miller. Published at New York till 
 1894; Omaha, 1894-90; Chicago, 1895-1898; St. Louis, 1898— Jan., 
 1908 ; since then at Cincinnati. Since 1P08 published by Internatl. Ptg. 
 Pressman and Assistants Union. 
 
 Proletariat (m). Nov., 1904. 
 
 American Republic (w). Mar. 20, 1864. 
 
 National Republican and Ohio Political Register (s-w). 1823-24; 
 1825-29, scat. nos. 3 v. Fe. 
 
 Same (w). 1823; 1825-June, 1826. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Successor to Western Spy; published by Looker & Reynolds; at one 
 time edited by "Sol" Smith, the actor. 
 
 Retina (w). Vol. 1. July, 1843-July, 1844. Q. 
 
 Published and edited by William C. Howells. Issued also at Hamilton. 
 
 Swedenborgian. 
 
 Scientific Artisan (w). Vol. 1. 1858-60, scat. nos. F4. 
 Published by American Patent Co. 
 
 Sentinel and Star in the West (w). Vols. 1-2. Oct., 1829-Oct., 1831. 
 Indexed. 2 v. F. 
 See Star in the Went. 
 
 Sidereal Messenger (m). Vols. 1-2. July, 1846-Apr., 1848. Indexed. Q. 
 Edited by Ornisby M. Mitchel, professor of astronomy in. College of 
 Cincinnati ; he induced the citizens (1845-46) to build an observatory, 
 before Boston or New York had one ; it had the second-best telescope 
 in the world. 
 
 Sonntagsmoroen (w). June, 1867-Dec, 1868. F. June, 1870-Feb., 
 1872; June, 1875-1906. 34 v. F e. 
 Weekly edition of Tolksjreuni, q. v. 
 
 , [220] 
 
Ohio 
 
 Spirit of the Times (d). Oct., 1840-Apr., 1841. F^. 
 
 Founded 1839. Published by Wilmerton & Starbuck, Oct., 1840 — 
 
 Jan., 1841; Calvin W. Starbuck, Jan.— Apr., 1841. Edited by Edwin R. 
 Campbell, 1840-1841. 
 
 Spibit op the West (w). July 26, 1814. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Established 
 July, 1814, by M. S. Pettit ; Republican and Anti-Slavery ; suspended 
 after publishing 44 numbers. 
 
 Western Spy (w). July, 1814-Dec, 1822. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1810, by Joseph Carpenter (publisher of first Western 
 Spy, 1799-1800) ; edited by Joseph Buchanan after 1819; continued 
 (1823) as National Republican and Ohio Polit. Register, q. v. 
 
 Standabd (w). Vols. 1-3. Sept., , 1831-Oct, 1834. F». 
 
 Published by It. R. Lincoln till Jan., 1832, then by James McMillan; 
 edited by John Burtt, May 1833 — July, 1834 ; then removed to South 
 Hanover, Ind., and published for the trustees of theological seminary 
 there. Presbyterian. 
 
 Stab in the West (w). Apr., 1853-Mar., 1857. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1827, at Eaton, O., by Revs. Jonathan Kidwell and D. D. 
 Hall. Issued monthly till 1829. Then published weekly at Cincinnati 
 (except 1833-36, at Philomath, Ind.), under name Sentinel and Star 
 in the West, q. v., by Kidwell, J. C. Waldo, S. Tizzard, and George 
 Rogers. Resumed old name in 1838. Owned and edited by John A. 
 Gurley, 1838 — Jan., 1854 ; then sold to G. W. Quimby (associate edi- 
 tor since Apr., 1853), Gurley retaining editorial connection till May. 
 1856. Then conducted by Quimby alone, till 1857 ; H. R. Nye, 1857- 
 64 (with G. L. Demarest, after 1859) ; Demarest, 1864-65 ; I. D. Williams 
 and J. S. Cantwell, 1865-80 ; then bought by New Covenant of Chicago, 
 q. v. Universalist. 
 
 Tageblatt. May 30, 1896. 
 
 Ohio Organ of the Temperance Reform (w). Sept. 9, 1853. 
 
 Dally Times. Apr.-Oct, 1841. Fs. 1856-67, 16 nos. F«. 
 
 Established 1841, by Calvin S. Starbuck; conducted by Elm till 1870; 
 then united with Chronicle, and styled Times-Chronicle; in 1880 united 
 with Star, and styled Times-Star; edited since then by Charles Taft 
 (Rufus Fleming, associate editor, 1882-95; Robert I. Carter, Nov., 
 1892 — Nov., 1900). Republican. 
 
 Times-Stab (-w). Sept. 29, 1885. 
 
 See Times. 
 National Union. July 23, 1865. 
 
 Union Bulletin (m). June, 1904. 
 Founded 1887. 
 
 Cincinnatier Volksblatt (d). Sept-Dec, 1889; June, 1890-Mar., 1891. 
 Sunday edition, Westliche Blatter, included. F 6 . 
 
 Founded 1836. Published by G. Hof and F. Haussarek, 1870-76; 
 since then by Cinn. Volksblatt Co. Edited by Haussarek, 1870-84; 
 Charles Albrecht, 1886-87 ; Charles F. Johnson and Henry Danziger, 1888. 
 
 [221] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, continued: 
 
 Volksfbeund (d). Feb.-Oct, 1866. Fa. Aug., 1869-Dec, 1870. F?. 
 July, 1871-1876. 10' v. F 7. 1877-Apr., 1908. 6* v. F 8. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1850, by Joseph A. Hemann and published by him till 
 July, 1863; by J. B. Jeup & Co., July, 1863-1869; Volksfreund Co., 
 1870-71 ; Limberg & Thilly, 1872 ; Limberg & Haacke, 1873-79 ; since 
 then by Heinrich Haaeke. 
 
 Whig (w). Apr. 20, 1809. 
 
 With Middle and Western newspapers, 1802—10. Established Apr., 1809, 
 by David L. Carney and Ephraim Morgan, as successor of first Western 
 Spy (1799-1809); continued as Advertiser, June, 1810; suspended 1811. 
 
 Wochentliche (w). 1863-65; 1868-69; 1872-73; 1876-1907. 37 v. Fa. 
 Weekly edition of Volksfreund, q. v. 
 
 International Woodcaevee (m). Aug., 1900-July, 1908. Fs. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1900, by Internatl. Woodcarver Co., and published by 
 them till Feb., 1903 ; by Internatl. Woodcarvers' Assn., Feb., 1903-July, 
 1908. Edited by Fred. Wenzel till Jan., 1901 ; by George H. Thobe, Feb., 
 1901 — July, 1902 ; by M. A. Brinkman, Sept., 1902 — Jan., 1904 ; by 
 John S. Henry, Feb.. 1904-July, 1908. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Cincinnatier Zeitung (w). Apr. 15, 1900. 
 
 Circleville 
 
 Circleville Union (w). May 22, 1863. 
 
 Cleveland 
 
 Appeal (d). Oct. 14, 1886. 
 
 Cleveland Artisan (d). July-Aug., 1899. Fa. 
 
 Axe (w). Apr.-Nov., 1840. Fs. 
 
 Campaign paper in support of Harrison, published by J. A. Harris of 
 Cleveland Herald. 
 
 Bakeb's Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Chicago. 
 
 Babbeb's Journal (m). Vols. 12-14. 1901-July, 1903. 2 v. O. 
 
 Founded 1892. Organ of Journeyman Barbers' Internatl. Union of 
 America. Edited by its gen. sec.-treas. 
 
 Bbidgemen's Magazine. 
 
 See same title, under Indianapolis. 
 
 Cabpenteb, (m). Sept., 1886. 
 
 Cabbiage and Wagon Workers' Journal (m). 1899-1904, 5 nos. Q. 
 
 Cleveland Citizen (w). Mar -Dec, 1893; 1894-97. Fa. 1898-June, 
 1899 (incomp.). 1900-1907. 2 v. F". 1908+ 
 Founded Jan., 1891, by Harry Long and Max S. Hoyer. May 18, 
 
 [222] 
 
Ohio 
 
 1891, passed over to the Cleveland Central Labor Union, and published 
 by them till 1902; by United Trades and Labor Council under same 
 management until Mar., 1910, when Max Hoyer, Dav,id H. Jenkins, and 
 Robert Bandlow took it over and incorporated the Cleveland Citizen 
 Pub. Co. Labor. 
 
 Coopers' International Journal (m). Vols. 10-19. 1900-1909. 9 v. ,0. 
 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1869 by M. A. Foran, and conducted by him till 1880 ; then 
 suspended operation and local unions were conducted by charters is- 
 sued by Knights of Labor. Reorganized under Coopers' Internatl. 
 Union, Nov., 1890. Edited by Phillip Strong till 1896 ; John McFadden, 
 1896-97 ; James A. Cable, 1897 — May, 1910 ; since then by William R. 
 Deal. Published at Cleveland till 1880; Chicago, 1890-96; Nashville, 
 Tenn., 1896-97 ; since then at Kansas City, Kansas. 
 
 Emancipator (w). 1894, scat. nos. F «. 
 
 Family Visitor (w). Vols. 1-4. Jan., 1850-May, 1853. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Established by S. St. John, S. C. Bartlett (afterwards of Dartmouth 
 College 1 ), and J. P. Kirtland, professors in Western Reserve College; 
 after Sept., 1852, they placed M. C. Read in charge of the paper, re- 
 maining editorial contributors ; published at both Cleveland and Hud- 
 son ; suspended, 1858. 
 
 Ohio Farmer (w). Vols. 100-105. July, 1901- June, 1904. Ft. 
 
 Founded 1848. Conducted by G. E. Blakelee, 1871-72 ; M. J. Law- 
 rence, 1873-1895 ; since then by Lawrence Pub. Co. 
 
 Iron Trade Review (w). Vols. 21-23. May, 1888-Dec, 1890. 3 v. F4. 
 Founded 1868. Styled Trade Review till 1883, and for a time Iron 
 Trade Review and Western Machinist. Conducted by G. C. Davies In 
 1880; Wilson M. Day and F. N. Carter, 1883-90 (with Felix Rosenberg 
 part of the time), A. I. Findley, 1892-1901. Now published by Pen- 
 ton Pub. Co. ; edited by George Smart and others. 
 
 Cleveland Labor (w). Feb. 15, 1896. 
 
 Lather (m). Vols. 2-9. 1901-1909. 6 v. Q. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1900. Organ of Wood, Wire, and Metal Lathers' In- 
 ternatl. Union. Edited by the gen. sec.-treas., at present, Ralph V. 
 Brandt. 
 
 Cleveland Tri-Weekly Leader. Feb. 2, 1856. 
 
 Same (d). July 16, 1861. 
 
 Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineebs' Journal. 
 See same title, under Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Machinists' and Blacksmiths' Monthly Journal. Apr., 1872. 
 
 People's Forum (w). Aug., 1894-Aug., 1895. P«. 
 
 Founded 1894, by Euclid Pub. Co. Edited by James Thornton, 1894- 
 95. No later data obtainable. 
 
 [223] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Cleveland[, Ohio, continued: 
 
 Cleveland Plain Dealer (d). Apr. 28, 1908. (Traction peace treaty)^ 
 
 Railroad Trainmen's Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Galesburg, III. 
 
 Sanitary Fair Gazette. Mar. 1, 1864. 
 
 Social^stische Arbeiter-Zeitung (w). Dec. 1, 1900; 1903-July, 1908. 
 2 v. F«, 
 See Yolksjreund und Arbeiter-Zeitung. 
 
 American Spibtttjalist (bi-w; w, Jan., 1872). Mar., 1871-Oct, 1872. 
 2 v. F *. 
 
 Founded 1868, as local organ of Ohio State Assn., conducted by J. M. 
 Peebles, Hudson Tuttle, and Mr. and Mrs. A. A. Wheelock, till Jan., 
 1872, when Tuttle was succeeded by George A. Bacon. Suspended Oct., 
 1872. 
 
 Union Label, (m). Feb., 1898. 
 . Founded 1897. 
 
 University of tie World. Vol. 1. No. 1. 1905. 
 
 Volks-Anwalt (w). Oct., 1889-May, 1896 (incomp.). Fs. 
 
 Founded 1889, as organ of Natl. Socialist Party. Edited 1896-99 by 
 Mas A. Silz. 
 
 Volksfreund und Arbeiter-Zeitung (w). July, 1908-)- F«. 
 
 Founded by merging two papers. The Cleveland Volksfreund was es- 
 tablished in 1886, by the Volksfreund Pub. Assn., whose stock was 
 owned by German labor unions and individuals ; the SodaUstische Ar- 
 beiter-Zeitung was the Socialist Labor Party's organ, founded May 1, 
 1900, and printed and distributed by the Volksfreund Co. July 1, 1908, 
 the latter company was dissolved and the papers united as the property 
 and organ of the Socialist Labor Party. Present manager Richard 
 Koeppel. 
 
 Clevelander Volkszeitung (w). 1903, 3 nos. 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Foundation Principles (m). July 29, Oct. 16, 1884. 
 
 Columbus 
 
 American Issue (m). 1899^Dec, 1905. 6 v. F«. 
 
 Published by Anti-Saloon League. See also under Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 Crisis (w). Feb., 1861- Jan., 1862; Jan., 1863-Jan., 1867. 5 v. F". 
 
 Bounded Jan., 1861, by Samuel A. Medary, formerly of OMo States- 
 man, who resigned as governor of Kansas for that purpose. On tlie 
 death of Medary in Nov., 1865, publication was continued by Willoughby 
 W. Webb till June, 1866. Then bought by William Trevitt, and conducted 
 by him and Webb until suspension in 1871. States Bights Democratic 
 [224] 
 
Oh 
 
 10 
 
 Delta Gamma Anchora (q). Vols. 1-23. 1884-1907. 8 v. O. (Vols. 
 1-3, 12, 13, 22, 23, incomp.). 
 Formerly published at Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Columbus Gazette (w). 1821-23, 4 nos. 
 
 With Ohio Monitor, 1821-24. Established 1811, by James Kilbourne. 
 at Worthlngton, under title of Western Intelligencer; after second num- 
 ber, sold to Joel Buttles, who published it one year ; then conducted by 
 P. H. Olmsted and others, who soon removed it to Columbus and styled 
 It Columbus Gazette (1815) ; continued, Sept., 1825, as Ohio State Jour- 
 nal, by Olmsted and John Bailhache; daily established in 1839. Edited 
 by W. D. Gallagher, 1837-38; Vivus W. Smith, 1841-43; Scott ft 
 Bascom, 1851-52 ; W. D. Howells, 1859-60 ; W. S. Furay for a time ; 
 Comly & Smith, 1870-72; James M. Comly, 1872-82; Samuel J. Flick- 
 inger, 1884-95; I). L. Bowersmith, 1896; Samuel G. McClure, 1897-1899 
 or later. Published since 1883 by Ohio State Journal Co. Weekly edi- 
 tion published as Columbus Gazette till 1884-85. 
 
 Straight-out Habbisonian (w). June 26, 1840. 
 
 Daily Ohio State Joubnal. Apr.-Dec, 1851; Apr. 3, 6, July-Dec, 1852. 
 3 v. Fs. Aug. 26, 1862. 
 See Columbus Gazette. 
 
 Ohio State Lantern (w). Jan. 9, 1907. 
 Lathee. 
 
 See same title, under Cleveland. 
 
 United Mine-Wobkers' Journal (w). Dec, 1895-June, 1896. Fs. 1903- 
 1908. 2 v. F«. 1909 + 
 
 Founded 1890, by executive board of United Mine Workers of America, 
 and since published by them. Moved to Indianapolis in 1900. Edited by 
 W. G. Scott, 1901 ; S. M. Sexton, 1903-Apr., 1908 ; William Scalfe, Apr., 
 1908-1911; since then by Michael llalapy. 
 
 Ohio Monitor (w). Dec. 12, 1816; Aug. 14, 1817; June, 1818-Oct., 
 1824. 2 v. (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1«16, by David Smith and Ezra Griswold ; styled Ohio Moni- 
 tor and Patron o] Industry after July, 1821 ; merged in Western Hemi- 
 sphere, 1835, which in turn was styled Ohio Statesman, 1837. 
 
 New Chubch Herald. 
 
 See same title, Philadelphia. / 
 
 Palladium of Liberty (w). Feb. 7, 1844. 
 
 Ohio Populist (w). June-8, 29, July-Nov., 1894; Aug. 6, 20, 1896. F«. 
 Founded 1894, by Ohio Populist Pub. Co. and conducted by them till 
 1896. Then removed to Greenville, and published by W. B. Kline and 
 P. J. Fishback till 1897. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Campaign Statesman (w). Apr.-Nov., 1848. F«. 
 Campaign edition of Ohio Statesman, q. v. 
 
 Dollar Statesman (w). Sept., 1849-Jan., 1851. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Family edition of Ohio Statesman, q. v. ; issued Sept., 1849 — Jan., 1852. 
 15— N. C. [ 225 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Columbus, Ohio, continued: 
 
 Ohio Statesman (d and w). Apr.-Nov., 1864; 1865. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Successor in 1837 of Western Hemisphere (established 1832) ; leading 
 Democratic paper in Ohio ; daily edition began 1847 ; published by 
 Samuel Medary most of the time till 1857 ; edited by C. C. Hazewell, 
 1846; owned and edited by S. S. ("Sunset") Cox, Apr., 1853— May, 
 1854 ; edited by Amos Layman and Lewis Baker in 1864 ; Layman and? 
 E. B Eshelman, 1865; James Mills, 1870-73; Myers and Mack, 1874-75; 
 J. S. Putnam, 1876; James F. Linton, 1877; Putnam again in 1879 j 
 weekly published as weekly edition of Times from 1879 to suspension of 
 Times about 1889 ; succeeded by Evening Dispatch, 1879, W. D. Brickell, 
 publisher ; edited by J. L. Rodgers, 1892. 
 
 Daily Ohio Statesman. Sept., 1837-Apr., 1838; Dec, 1840-Mar., 1841; 
 
 Dec, 1841-Mar., 1842; Aug.-Oct, 1842; Dec, 1843-Mar., 1844; 
 
 Dec, 1844-July, 1845; Nov., 1847-Sept., 1848; Feb.-June, 1849; 
 
 1850. 12 v. Fs. Dec, 1850-Dec, 1851; July-Dec, 1852. 4 v. Ft. 
 
 Semi-Weekly Ohio Statesman. May, 1839-Nov., 1842; Mar.-Nov., 1843. 
 4 v. Fs. 
 
 Tri-Weekly Ohio Statesman. Dec, 1838-Mar., 1839. Fa. Mar-Dec, 
 1844. F i. 
 
 Weekly Ohio Statesman. July, 1837-Mar., 1844. 4 v. Fe. Mar., 1844- 
 Feb., 1846; Nov., 1847-Aug., 1849; Apr., 1850-Oct., 1852. 4 v. F?. 
 
 Same (s-w and w). Apr.-Aug., 1854 (unbound). 
 
 Columbus Sun (w). Jan. 19, 1895. 
 
 Swan's Elevator (w). Dec. 13, 1851. 
 
 Columbus Tbades Record (w). Dec. 18, 25, 1903. 
 
 Union League (w). 1863, 15 nos. Fs. 
 
 Buckeye Vidette (w). Apr. 29, 1882. 
 
 Westeen Hemisphere (w and s-w). Apr., 1834- June, 1837. F«. 
 
 Founded 1832. Published by John Gilbert & Co. in 1834 ; John Gilbert 
 and Russell C. Bryan, Sept., 1834 — Mar., 1835 ; Medary & Manypenny, 
 Mar., 1835-Feb., 1836; Jacob Medary Jr. & Co., Medary, Reynolds & 
 Medary, and S. Medary & Bros., for short periods up to June, 1837. Ab- 
 sorbed Ohio Monitor in 1835. Succeeded in 1837 by Ohio Statesman, q. v. 
 
 Coshocton 
 
 Practical Pbeachee (w). Apr. 21, Aug. 21, 1851. 
 
 Cygnet 
 
 On Woekees' Journal (m). Dec, 1903. 
 
 [226] 
 
Ohio 
 
 Dayton ' 
 
 Bulletin (w). July 28, 1905. 
 
 National Cash Registee (m). July, 1901; Sept., 1903. 
 
 Dayton Gazette (d). May 14, 1851. 
 
 Herald of Gospel Liberty (w). Dec, 1902-1907. 3 v. F*. 1908-1909. 
 2 v. Q. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Sept., 1808, by Rev. Elias Smith, at Portsmouth, N. H., and 
 published by him till Oct., 1817, at Portsmouth, Portland (Me.), Phila- 
 delphia, Boston, and again at Portsmouth after 1814. Smith became 
 a Universalist in 1817, and gave up the paper, which was continued 
 on more conservative lines by Robert Foster, under title of Christian 
 Herald. In May, 1829, the Herald absorbed Morning Star and City 
 Watchman, a second paper started by Smith. In 1835 the Herald was 
 succeeded by Christian Journal, published at Exeter, N. H. by Eastern 
 Christian Pub. Assn., and edited by Rev. Elijah Shaw. In 1839 styled 
 Christian Herald and Journal; in 1841, Christian Herald; in 1850, Chris- 
 tian Herald and Messenger; in 1851, Herald of Gospel Liberty. Pub- 
 lished since 1868 by Christian Pub. Assn. Edited 1894-1907 by Rev. 
 J. J. Summerbell ; since then by J. Pressley Barrett. See Centennial of 
 Religious Journalism, pp. 37-75. 
 
 Laborers' Journal (m). Mar., Oct., 1905. 
 
 Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen's Magazine (m). Vols. 12-13.. 
 1888-89; Vols. 15-17. 1891-93; Vols. 22-26; 1897-99; Vols. 34- 
 48. 1903-1910. 25 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1876, by I. J. Bennett ; adopted as official organ of Bro. of 
 Locomotive Firemen, 1877. Edited by W. N. Sayre, Grand Sec, till 
 Sept., 1878, when E. V. Debs became associate editor ; by Debs, 1880-94, 
 with W. F. Hynes as associate; by W. S. Carter, 1894-1903; by George 
 Goding for a few weeks ; since then by John F. McNamee. Now pub- 
 lished at Indianapolis, Ind. See Souvenir B. of L. F. & E., pp. 30-33 
 (St. Paul, Minn., 1910). 
 
 New Broom (w). Apr. 21, 1894. 
 
 New Nation (w). Peb.-May, 1904. F«. 
 See Ohio Socialist, q. v. 
 
 Religious Telescope (w). Sept. 23, 1868. Oct., 1873-Oct, 1874. Ft. 
 
 Successor of Hagerstoicn (Md.) Messenger, as organ of United Brethren 
 in Christ. Established Dec, 1834, at Circleville, O. ; published semi- 
 monthly till July, 1845, then weekly ; removed to Dayton, Sept., 1853. 
 Published by Rev. W. L. Shuey, 1870-97; Rev. W. R. Funk, 1897-1909; 
 since then by United Brethren Pub. House. Edited by Rev. Milton 
 \yright. 1870-78 (with W. O. Tobey after 1874) ; Tobey and Rev. W. J. 
 Hott, 1879-82; Hott, 1883-89; Rev. I. L. Kephart, 1890-1909; since 
 then by Drs. J. M. Phillippi and C. I. B. Brane. United Brethren. 
 
 Ohio Socialist (w). Aug., 1903-May, 1904. F«. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1903, by Ohio Socialist Pub. Co., and published by 
 them till Jan., 1904: W. G. Crichlow, Jan.-Feb., 1904; then by New 
 Nation Pub. Co. Edited by Edwin L. Rodgers till Oct., 1903. Style* 
 New Nation (q. v.), Feb., 1904. 
 
 [227] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Dayton, Ohio, continued: 
 
 Woman's Welfabe (m). Mar., 1904; Nov., 1905. 
 
 Dayton Wobkman (w). Sept. 17, Oct. 1, 1887; Mar.-May, 1889. P«. 
 
 Founded 1886. Published by Stine & Hull, 1887-99. No later men- 
 tion in directories. Styled Workman and Farmer after 1893. 
 
 Delaware 
 Gamma Phi Beta Crescent (q). Vols. 1-10. 1900-1909 (incomp.). O. 
 
 East Liverpool 
 Potters' Herald (w) . 1903-1904 (incomp.) ; 1905-Oct., 1908. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1902. Organ of Natl. Bro. of Operative Potters. Managed 
 by C. C. Smith, Feb., 1903; H. O. Allison, June, 1903-Oct., 1908; Will 
 T. Blake, Oct., 1908. Edited by T. J. Duffy, June, 1903— Nov., 1905. 
 
 Findlay 
 
 Advance: Guabd (w). Aug., 1896-Aug., 1899 (incomp.). F«. 
 Founded 1896. Edited by Tom E. Williams. Populist. 
 
 Hancock Populist (w). 1894, 6 nos. F<\ ' 
 
 Gallipolis 
 
 Buckeye and Gallipolis Joubnal (w). Dec. 25, 1834. 
 
 Gallipolis Joubnal (w). May 8, 1862. 
 
 Groveport 
 
 Commonwealth (w). Apr-July, 1899, scat. nos. F*. 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Butler County Pbess (w). Dec. 11, 1903. 
 Retina. 
 
 See same title, under Cincinnati. 
 
 Hamilton Telegbaph (w). 1863-64, 10 nos. F«. 
 
 With Ohio Newspapers, 1863-69. Established 1814. Published by 
 Lewis & Egry, 1863; Frederick Egry and 3. T. Langstroth, 1867; later 
 in same decade by John A. Cockerill ; Egry and F. H. S'cobey , 1870-80 ; 
 C. M. Campbell (of Neics), 1880-89; News & Telegraph Pub. Co., 1890- 
 1901, or later. Now issued as weekly edition of Republican News, by 
 Republican Pub. Co. 
 
 Hillsborough 
 
 Hillsborough Gazette (d). Dec. 8, 1533. Extra. President's message. 
 
 Irontoa 
 
 Ironton Register (w). July 4, 1861. 
 
 [ 228 ] 
 
Ohi 
 
 10 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Ashtabula Sentinel (w). Apr.— Dec, 1868. F«, 
 
 Founded 1832, at Ashtabula, by O. H. Fitch and others; edited (1848- 
 51) by Joseph A. Giddings; his rather, Joshua R., was corresponding 
 editor while in Congress (1840-58) ; sold (1852) to W. C. Howells, 
 father of the novelist, and soon after removed to Jefferson ; since pub- 
 lished by Howells and his son J. A. 
 
 Kirtland 
 
 Olive Bbanch (m). Vols. 1-2. Aug., 1848-June, 1850. Indexed. 2 v. O. 
 
 Organ of the Mormon colony established here by Sidney Bigdon (1830) ; 
 
 they built a temple (1S34), but were anally driven from the town, going 
 
 to Illinois and Missouri ; Olive Branch removed to Springfield, 111., July, 
 
 1849. Mormon. 
 
 Lancaster 
 
 Lancaster Gazette (w). Sept. 29, 1864. 
 
 Union and Republican Sentinel (w). June 23, 1846. 
 
 Lebanon 
 
 Westebn Star and Lebanon Gazette (w). Feb.-Oct, 1828. Partly in- 
 dexed. F «. 
 
 Established 1801), by John McLean, a prominent jurist ; published in. 
 1813 by William Blackburn & Co., in 1828 by Camron, Morris & Co. till 
 July, then by A. H. Dunlavy and J. Morris. 
 
 Lima 
 
 Lima Sentinel (w). Sept., 1894-Mar., 1895. F«, 
 
 Founded 1894, by Ben M. Mann, and conducted by him till 1895. No 
 later mention in directories. Populist. 
 
 London 
 
 Madison County Democrat (w). June 16, 1864. 
 
 Madison Pateiot (w). Nov., 1833-Aug., 1834, 4 nos. 
 With Greene Co. Torchlight, Xenia, 1838-40. 
 
 McArthnr I 
 
 McArthur Republican (w). July 29, Aug. 5, 1853. 
 
 McConnellsville 
 
 Muskingum Valley. June 17, 1841. 
 
 [229] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Ohio, continued: ' ' 
 
 Marietta i 
 
 Western Spectator. Oct. 30, 1810. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1802-10. Established Oct., 
 1810, by Caleb Emerson ; Federalist in politics ; merged in American 
 Friend, 1813. 
 
 Marietta Times (w) . May 5, 1870. 
 
 Massillon 
 Ooxey's Daily. Oct. 29-Nov. 4, 1895. F*. ) 
 
 Miners' Independent (w). June, 1889-Mar., 1890. P«. 
 
 Founded 1889, by Independent Co. (publishers of Independent), and 
 conducted by them till 1894 ; Miners' Independent Co., 1895-96. Edited 
 by John McBride, 1891-92: Joseph H. Thomas, 1892-94; John Flannery, 
 1895-96. No later mention in directories. Styled Miners' Independent 
 and Wage Earners' Tribune, 1895-96. 
 
 Sound Monet (w; s-w). June 6, 1895-July, 1896. F«. 
 
 Founded 1895 by Jacob S. Coxey, and conducted by him till 1897 (with 
 Henry Vincent in 1896). No later mention in directories. Populist. 
 
 Maumee City 
 
 Maumee River Times (w). .Oct. 9, 1852. 
 Founded by H. T. Smith, about 1840. 
 
 Mount Pleasant 
 
 Weekly Historian. Oct. 6, 1823. 
 
 With Southern and Western Newspapers, 1821-28. Established Oct., 
 1823, by Elisha Bates. 
 
 PHILANTHROPIST (W). Oct. 24, 1817. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1811-20. Established Sept., 
 1817, by Charles Osbom ; Benjamin Lundy, assistant editor, 1 818 ; pub- 
 lished after 1S18 by Elisha Bates ; suspended Apr., 1822. 
 
 Mount Vernon 
 
 Mt. Vernon True Whig (w). July 21, 1852. 
 
 New Lisbon 
 
 New Lisbon Gazette (w). Mar. 12, 1824. 
 
 With Southern and Western Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Established 
 by Robert Fee ; suspended in six months. 
 
 """ ~ New Richmond 
 
 Piiieantheopist. 
 
 See same title, Cincinnati. 
 
 [230] 
 
Ohio 
 
 Oberlin 
 
 Oberlin Evangelist (w; bi-w). Vols. 1-24. 1839-62. 24 v. in 13; May, 
 
 1845-Dec, 1851, scat. nos. F4. 
 
 Founded 1836, by faculty of Oberlin College, as an exponent of Oberlin 
 theology ; one of the most Influential religious journals In the West ; 
 leading contributors, Asa Mahan, Charles G. Finney, and other profes- 
 sors ; suspended about 1862. 
 
 Standard of the Cross (w). Mar. 16, 23, 1872. 
 
 Piketon 
 
 Pike County Tocsin (w). Nov. 27, 1845; Jan. 8, June 11, 1846. 
 
 Portsmouth 
 
 Portsmouth Dispatch (d). July 20, 1850. 
 
 Scioto Telegraph (w). Mar. 4, 1820. 
 
 With Middle and Western Newspapers, 1811-20. Established Mar., 
 1820, by C. Hopkins; suspended Sept., 1821. 
 
 Tribune (w). Nov. 12, 1852. 
 
 Ripley 
 
 Loyal Scout (w). Aug. 22-Oct. 10, 1863, 7 nos. No more published. 
 Union campaign paper, published by William Tomlinson. 
 
 St. Clairsville 
 
 Ohio Federalist (w). Jan. 18, 1816. 
 
 Established 1813, by Charles Hammond, afterwards editor of Cincin- 
 nati Gazette; suspended, 1817. 
 
 Ohio Federalist and Belmont Repository (w). Jan. 13, 1816. 
 With Middle and Western Papers, 1811-20. 
 
 Salem 
 
 Anti-Slavery Bugle (w). May 12, 1848; Apr. 27, 1850. 
 
 Sandusky 
 
 Progress (w). Oct. 18, 25, 1894. 
 
 Somerset 
 
 Perry Record (w). Sept. 2, 1825. 
 
 Established 1822, by John M. Laird, as successor of Western World 
 and Political Tickler (a scurrilous and abusive sheet) ; succeeded by 
 People's Advocate, styled Western Post after 1831 ; merged in Perry 
 County American, 1855. 
 
 [231] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Ohio, continued: v 
 
 Springfield 
 
 Altruistic Review. 
 
 See Our Day, under Boston, Mass. 
 
 Ladies' Home Companion (s-m). Vols. 20-22. Sept., 1893-95 (in- 
 comp.). Fs. 
 
 With Woman's Home Companion. Pounded 1873. Published by Mast, 
 Crowell & Kirkpatriek, 1884-1900; then by Crowell & Kirkpatrick; in 
 1909 by Crowell Co. Edited in 1909 by F. L. Collins. Styled succes- 
 sively Home Companion, Home Companion and Young Folios Circle, La- 
 
 ... dies' Home Companion; since 1897 Woman's Home Companion,, q. v. 
 
 National New Era (w). May 1, Sept. 25, 1903. 
 Ohio New Era (w). May 27, 1898. 
 
 Our DAT. 
 
 See same title, under Boston, Mass. 
 
 Woman's Home Companion (w). Vol. 26. 1899. Ps. 
 See Ladies' Home Companion. 
 
 Steubenville 
 
 Steubenville Herald (d). 1850, 3 nos.; Sept. 11, 1851. 
 
 Western Herald and Steubenville Gazette (w). Oct. 27, Nov. 9, 1821. 
 
 With Ohio Monitor, 1821-24. Established 1806, by Lowry & Miller; 
 published during 1814-40 by James Wilson, formerly of Phila. Aurora; 
 W. E. Allison, 1846-73; P. B. Conn, 1874-96; then by Herald Pub. 
 Co. until merged with titar as Herald-Star, 1898. A leading Whig 
 paper, afterwards Republican. 
 
 Tiffin 
 
 Tiffin Herald (d). Mar. 6, 1886. 
 
 Plow and Hammer (w). 1890, scat, nos.; Jan.-May, 1893. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1889. Published by Barnes Bros., 1891-92 ; Tiffin Ptg. & 
 Pub. Co., 1893. Edited by H. F. Barnes, 1891-92; John Seitz, 1893. 
 No later mention in directories. Farmers' Alliance. 
 
 Toledo 
 
 Ballot Box (m). Aug., 1876. 
 
 Published by Woman's Suffrage Assn. 
 
 Toledo Blade (w). Mar., 1870-Mar., 1871; July, 1892-1896. 5 v. F». 
 Owned by W. J. Daniels and Emery D. Potter in 1836 ; afterwards pub- 
 lished by Fairbanks & Willard ; later published by D. E. Locke ("Petro- 
 leum V. Nasby," pseud.) from about 1861 till his death, 1888; since then 
 by his son, Robinson Locke. 
 
 Chief Clerk (m). Oct., 1903. 
 
 [232] 
 
Oh 
 
 10 
 
 Haebingee (m). Sept., 1860. 
 
 Index (w). Vols. 1-3. 1870-72. 3 v. F4. Jan.-Aug., 1873. 
 See same title, under Boston, Mass. 
 
 Industrial Newu (w). Jan. 23, 1886; Feb., 1886-June, 1889. F7. 1895,. 
 
 6 nos. 
 
 Founded 1878. Edited by J. M. Bloomer, 1883-94. Suspended about 
 1895, but the daily edition, Evening News (established 1888) was con- 
 tinued. Styled Industrial Netcs und Household Companion, 1889-90. 
 
 Ohio Labor (w). Aug. 24, Nov. 16, 1895. 
 
 Labor Union (w). Oct. 3, 1903. 
 
 Journal of International Association of Allied Metal Mechanics (m)v 
 Aug., Sept., 1903. 
 
 Toledo Non-P artisan (w). Oct. 7, 28, 1899. 
 
 People's Call (w). Aug.-Nov., 1894. Fo. 
 
 Founded 1894, by H. V. Caton, and published by him till 1897. No- 
 later mention in directories. Populist. 
 
 Toledo Satubdat Night (w). Apr.-Dec, 1899. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1899, by C. C. Packard, and conducted by him till 1901 or 
 later. Supporter of Mayor S. M. Jones' reform ideas. No later data 
 obtainable. Styled Toledo Non-Partisan Sept. 16, 1899, but resumed old 
 title later. 
 
 Socialist (w). Mar., 1905-June, 1906. F«. 
 
 Continuation of Seattle Socialist. Suspended June, 1906. 
 
 International Brotherhood of Stationaby Firemen's Journal (m).. 
 Jan., 1903. 
 
 Toledo Union (w). Aug. 14, 1897. 
 
 Toledo Union Leadeb (w). 1907-09. F>. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1907, by Toledo Central Labor Union. Managed by an- 
 elective board. Edited continuously by James B. Egan. 
 
 Van Wert 
 
 Morning Stab (w). Mar-Apr., 1874. F4. 
 
 With American Spiritualist, 1871-72. "Edited by spirits, or spirit 
 power, through the instrumentality of Mrs. Adolphus Kline." Appar- 
 ently short-lived. 
 
 Wadsworth 
 
 WadswoTth Enterprise (w). Feb., 1876-Apr., 1879. F«. 
 
 Established by John A. Clark, 1866, and conducted by him till 1890: 
 Then merged with Banner as Banner-Enterprise. 
 
 [233] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Ohio, continued: 
 
 Williamsburg 
 
 Western American (w). Feb. 25, Mar. 11, 1815. 
 
 With Middle and Western Papers, 1811-20. Founded 1814, by Morris 
 & Ely. First number contains news of Treaty of Ghent. 
 
 Wooster 
 
 Student Statesman (q). Vol. 1, No. 1. 1887. 
 
 Worthington 
 
 Western Intelligences (w). Feb. 7, 1812." 
 
 With Middle and Western Papers, 1811-20. Founded 1811, by But- 
 tles & Smith. 
 
 Xenia 
 
 People's Press and Impartial Expositor (w) . June 21, 1826. 
 
 With Southern and Western Newspapers, 1821-28. Founded 1826, by 
 James B. Gardiner. 
 
 Greene County Torchlight (w). Sept., 1838-Sept., 1840. F«. 
 
 Founded by I'azci Lapham, under the title of Xenia Torchlight, Sept., 
 1838 ; published by W. B. Fairchild after Sept., 1840, and in 1854 by E. 
 McBratney and W. E. Morris ; edited by Otway Curry, 1842^14 ; styled 
 Ohio People's Press and Greene Co. Torchlight, after May, 1840 ; after- 
 wards resumed title of Xenia Torchlight. Published by J. M. Milburn & 
 Co., 1869 ; Kinney, Armstrong & Marshall, 1870 ; Stine & Marshall, 
 1871-81; J. D. Stine, 1882-87; B. S. Cowen, 1888; then merged with 
 Gazette, as Gazette and Torchlight. Published since 1890 by J. P. & 
 W. B. Chew. Now- styled Gazette. 
 
 Youngstown 
 
 Youngstown Labob Advocate (w). May 19, 1905. 
 
 Zanesville 
 
 Zanesville Courier (tri-w). Feb. 8, Oct. 20, 1849. 
 
 Labor Journal (w). Jan., 1908+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1896, by Journal Pub. Co. and conducted by them till 1898; 
 by Charles H. Sebaugh, 1899-1901 or later; since 1908 by N. M. Beckley 
 & Sons. 
 
 Ohio Republican (w). Apr. 19 1 , 1823. 
 
 With Southern and Western Newspapers, 1821-28. Established 1823; 
 David Chambers, editor. 
 
 [234] 
 
Oklahoma -Oregon 
 
 Oklahoma 
 
 Guthrie 
 Oklahoma Populist (w). Aug. 10, 1893. 
 
 New Kirk 
 ^Oklahoma Socialist (w). Aug. 28, 1902; Apr. 9, 1903. 
 
 Oklahoma City 
 
 X«abois Signal (w). Dec. 11, 1903; June 1, 1905. 
 
 Stillwater 
 
 •Common People (m). 1904, 3 nos. 
 
 Oregon 
 
 Dalles 
 
 Weekly MountaineeS. Oct. 12, 19, 1860. 
 
 With Kana., Wash., and Oregon Newspapers, 1852-63. Successor of 
 Dalles Journal; published by W. H. Newell. 
 
 Eugene 
 Eugene Hebald (d). Mar -Apr., 1906, 8 nos. Q. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1906, by Municipal League, in interest o£ municipal 
 ownership of public utilities. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Gresham 
 Pacific Grange Bulletin (m). Sept., 1908-May, 1909. F*. 
 
 Pounded 1908. Now published by H. A. Darnall, and edited by W. H. 
 Kaufman and J. J. Johnson. 
 
 Oregon City 
 
 -Oregon Argus (w). Jan. 22, 1859. 
 
 With Kans., Wash., and Oregon Newspapers, 1852-63. Founded May, 
 1855, by W. L. Adams; Independent in politics, but afterwards promi- 
 nent in forming and uniting the Republican party; merged in Eugene 
 City Republican, 1863. 
 
 Portland 
 
 Boabd os- Tbade Journal (m). July, Aug., 1906. 
 
 [235] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Pobtland, Oke., continued: 
 
 Fibebband (w). 1895-Sept, 1897. F*. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1895, by Firebrand Pub. Co. Continued as radical ori- 
 gan till excluded from mails, Sept., 1897. Conducted largely by Henry- 
 Addis, A. Isaak, and A. J. Pope. See also Free Society, under San Fraa- 
 cisco, Calif. 
 
 Portland Labob Press (w). Dec. 11, 25, 1903. 
 
 Lxberatob (w). May 30, 1903; Mar. 7, Apr. 4, 1907. 
 
 Weekly Obegonian. May, 1889-May, 1890. Ft. 1896-Jan., 1902. 6 t«. 
 
 F 8. 
 
 Same. Jan.-Aug., 1858. 
 
 With Kana , Wash., and Oregon Newspapers, 1852-63. 
 
 : Same (d). Dec, 1907+ Fe. 
 
 Oldest paper in Oregon ; established Dec, 1850, as Whig organ, by Ti. 
 J. Dryer, formerly of California Courier; conducted by him ten years, 
 since then by H. L. Pittock ; partly owned by H. L. Scott for many yeara^. 
 till his death in 1910 ; edited by him 1865-72, and 1877-1910. HistoricaT 
 sketch in 50th anniversary number, Feb. '4, 1911. Daily edition estab- 
 lished Feb., 1861. 
 
 Vidnesbybdet (w). Norwegian. Oct., 1895-July, 1896. Fb. 
 
 Founded 1889. Published by John .Tacobson and John L. Kricksen, 
 1890; Columbia Pub. House, 1891; Vidnesbrydet Pub. Co., 1892; O. O.. 
 Twede, 1893 ; Christian Heckner, 1894. Edited by C. J. Larsen and C. N, 
 Hauge, 1890; John Jacobson, 1S91 ; E. M. Stangeland, 1892-93., Edited 
 and published by M. Hansen, 1895 ; M. Nelson, 1896 ; Christian Heckner^ 
 1897-1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Woman's Tribune. 
 
 See same title, under Beatrice, Nebr. 
 
 Salem 
 
 Oregon Statesman (w). Aug. 3, 1858. 
 
 With Kana., Wash., and Oregon Newspapers, 1856-62. Established at 
 Oregon City, Mar., 1851, as a Democratic organ, by A. W. StockwelJr 
 edited till 1863 by Ashel Bush, under whom It had the reputation of 
 being the most able and influential political journal on the Pacific coast;: 
 merged in Unionist, 1866. 
 
 Silverton 
 
 Tobch of Reason (w). 1900-1902, 4 nos. 
 See same title, under Kansas City, Mo. 
 
 [236] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 Allegheny 
 
 The Layers' and Helpers' Journal (m). Apr., July, 1903; Mar., June, 
 1905. 
 
 Allentown 
 Ajlpha Tau Omega Palm (m). Vols. 18-20. 1898-1900; Vols. 23-25. 
 1903^-1905. 6 v. O. Vols. 25-30. 1905-1910 (incomp.). 
 Formerly published at Chicago. 
 
 Uhion Gazette (w). Dec. 26, 1903. 
 
 Founded 1903. Now published by Union Gazette Fub. Co., and edited 
 by Charles M. Rehrig. Labor. 
 
 "Welt-Bote (w). Sept. 18, 1900. 
 
 Founded 1855. Now published by Welt-Bote Pub. Co. Independent. 
 
 Athens 
 
 Athens Democrat. 1855, 3 nos. EX 
 
 With Athens Gasette. Founded Sept., 1855. Edited by Francis Smith 
 and published by Mark M. Pomeroy. 
 
 .Athens Gazette (w). Oct., 1854-Sept., 1856. F*. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1854, by Mark M. Pomeroy. Successor of Athenian, 
 published by C. T. Huston. Independent. 
 
 Beaver 
 'leaver County Argus (w). 1855, 5 nos. F«. 
 
 Carlisle 
 
 -Uhpaethetische Americaner (w). Sept. 13, 1809. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1802-10. 
 
 Chambersburg 
 
 KEPoerroBT and Whig (w). Oct. 17, 1844. 
 
 Charleroi 
 
 4/Union Des Travailleurs (w). Mar., 1901- June, 1907 (Incomp.); Aug., 
 1907-1908. Fo. 1909+ 
 
 Founded March, 1901, and since conducted by Louis Goaziou, former 
 editor of Le Reveil des Miners, and other Anarchist-Communist organs. 
 Socialist. 
 
 Chester 
 
 <3w>therhooo (m). Nov., 1885. j 
 
 [237] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Pennsylvania, continued: 
 
 CoatesvUle 
 
 Chester Valley Union (w). Aug. 21, 1869. 
 
 Corry 
 
 Corry Petboletjm Telegraph (w). June 15, 1865. 
 
 Easton 
 
 Northampton Cobbespondent (w). German. June 9, 1810. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1802-10. Oldest weeHy 
 in the state, outside of Philadelphia; established 1801, by Christian J. 
 Hiitter; since 1875, published from office of Argus. Published by Cote 
 & Morwitz, 1870-79 ; Correll & Fehr, 1880-81 ; O. L. Fehr, 1882-1901. 
 No later data obtainable. Styled Eastern Correspondent and Demohrat, 
 1870-75. Democratic. 
 
 Easton Labob Journal (w). 1886-87, 6 nos. P«. 
 
 Erie 
 
 Erie Dispatch (d). Aug. 16, 1869. 
 
 People (w). Vol. 1. June-Dec, 1893. May, 1897-Mar., 1898; 1902- 
 Dec, 1903, 17 nos. Fe. 
 
 Published by People's Pub. Co. ; edited by Samuel Weiss, who later be- 
 came publisher also; resumed by the company in 1899. Edited by George* 
 B. Laird, 1899-1900; A. W. Garren, 1901-Apr., 1903; Joseph Wanhope, 
 Apr.-Dec, 1903. No later data obtainable. Populist, later Reform. 
 File for 1893 is bound with Labor Leader, Boston. 
 
 Public Ownership (w). May, 1900-Feb., 1901 (incomp.). F». 
 
 Founded 1899, by Public Ownership Pub. Co., and conducted by tneitt 
 till 1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Harrisburg 
 
 Journal of U. S. Association of Chabcoal Iron Workers (m). Apr., 
 . 1885. 
 
 Chbonicle (w). May 6, 1876. 
 
 Chbonicle, or Harrisburgh Visitor (w). June 7, 1813. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local newspapers, 1811-20. Founded May, ■ 
 1813, by William Gillmor, as a Democratic organ ; published by Hngb 
 Hamilton, 1815-36; organ of Governor Hiester and his cabinet, 1821— 
 23 ; suspended 1842. 
 
 Harrisburger MorgenbOthe (-w). Oct. 6, 1812. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Founded Mar., 
 1794, by Benjamin Mayer and Conrad Fahnestock; first German paper ln< 
 Dauphin County ; published by Mayer till 1811, then by John S. Wiest- 
 ling till after 1829 ; suspended 1838. Democratic. 
 
 [238] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Patriot and Union (w). Aug., 1860-Aug., 1861. F«. 
 
 The successor of several early journals. The Pennsylvania Reporter 
 had been founded, Nov., 1827, by Samuel C. Stambaugh (Indian agent at 
 Green Bay, Wis., in 1831-32) and Simon Cameron ; the Keystone had 
 been established by William F. Packer, O. Barrett, and Benjamin Parke 
 in Aug., 1836 ; and the State Capital Gazette by William Henlock and 
 John B. Bratton in July, 1S39. These three were consolidated (June, 
 1843), under title of Democratic Union, which in turn was merged in 
 Pennsylvania Patriot, established 1854 by Richard J. Haldeman and 
 edited by him till 1860. The Patriot and Union was the successor of 
 the last named. Conducted by B. F. Myers & Co., 1870-74 ; Patriot Pub. 
 Co., 1875-85; William P. Hastings, 1886-87; B. F. Myers, 1888-90; 
 Patriot Pub. Co., 1891-1901. Now styled Patriot; published by Patriot 
 Co. ; edited by D. M. Gilbert Jr. 
 
 Morning Telegraph (d and w). Feb., 1864-Dec, 1865. 4 v. F7. 
 
 Established Sept., 1831, by Theophilus Fenn, formerly of Lancaster 
 Herald; conducted by him till Nov., 1853; A. K. McClure and James 
 Sellers, 1856-57 ; George and Charles Bergner till 1883 ; Harrisburg 
 Pub. Co., 1883-1906; since then by Telegraph Ptg. Co. Edited by 
 Thomas F. Wilson, 1883 ; M. W. McAlarney, 1884-1900 ; since then by 
 E. S. Stackpole. Styled Harrisourgh Telegraph after July, 1865. 
 
 United Labor Journal (w). Oct., 1908+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1905. Published since 1908 by Labor Journal Pub. Co., and 
 edited by J. W. Coldren. 
 
 Hazelton 
 
 Plain Speakeb (w). Aug. 14, 1902. 
 
 Kittanning 
 
 Armstrong Democrat (w). Nov. 19, 1840. 
 
 Lancaster 
 
 Daily Examinee. Apr.-Oct, 1896. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1827. Published by John A. Hiestand, 1870-89 (with E. M. 
 Kline, 1870-73) ; T. B. and H. B. Cochran, 1890-1901 ; now by Dr. Fred 
 A. Achey and W. Frank Gorrecht. Styled Examiner and Herald for 
 several years ; later Examiner and Express. Republican. 
 
 Lancaster Hive (w). Vol. 1. June, 1803-1804. O. 
 Founded 1803. Printed by Charles McDowell. 
 
 Lancaster Intelligences (d). Mar. 9, 1895. Centennial number (1794- 
 1894). 
 
 Lancaster Journal (tri-w). July 18, 1817. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Established by 
 Wilcox & Hamilton, June, 1794 ; published by William Hamilton, June, 
 1796-Dec, 1819; Huss & Brenner, six months; John Reynolds, July, 
 1820-34 ; Hugh Maxwell, 1834-Sept., 1839 ; then sold to John W. For- 
 ney, and merged in Lancaster Intelligencer (founded 1792, by William 
 Dickson, and still published). Tri-weekly edition began Aug., 1815. 
 
 [239] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Lancaster, Pa., continued: 
 
 Labob Leader (w). 1903-1910. 4 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1S92, by State Federation of Labor. Published (1894) bf 
 Labor Leader Co. ; edited by John J. Boyle. Since then published by 
 Percy Carpenter and E. E. .Greenawalt. 
 
 .Lutheran Observer (w) . Vols. 65-67. 1897-99. 3 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1831. Published since 1870 by Lutheran Observer Assn. 
 Edited by Eev. F. W. Conrad, 1870-1900 ; since then by Rev. M. H. 
 Valentine (with Sylvanus Stall part of* the time). Dated also at Phila- 
 delphia. 
 
 Pennsylvania Packet (s-w). Mar-June, 1778, 6 nos. F. 
 
 With Pa. Packet, Philadelphia, 1778, q. v. Removed hither from Phila- 
 delphia during British occupation of that city, Sept., 1777-July, 1778. 
 
 .Railroad Freight and Baggageman (m). Oct., 1903; June, 1904. 
 
 Lebanon 
 
 Lutheran (w). Vols. 11-12. Oct., 1906-1908, 2 v. P«. 1909+ 
 
 Consolidation in 1895 of Lutheran^ founded 1860, and "Workman, 
 founded 1880. Official organ of Evangelical Lutheran Church of North 
 America. Edited for many year? by Rev. G. F. Krotel ; since 1907 by 
 Rev. G. W. Sandt, formerly associate editor. 
 
 Mechanicsburgh 
 
 Sovereigns of Industry Bulletin (m). 1875-78, scat. nos. F*. 
 
 Founded 1875, by R. H. Thomas and John Orvis, and conducted by 
 them until 1879. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 Free Press (w). July, 1908+ Ff>. 
 
 Founded July, 1908, by local Socialists, and since published by them 
 (Free Press Pub. Co.). Edited by S. L. Flanagan. 
 
 -Solidarity (w). Dec, 1909+ Fe. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1909. Organ of Pittsburg District of United Workers of 
 the World. Owned and conducted by C. H. McCarty and B. H. Williams. 
 
 New Castle Tribune (w). Dec. 25, 1903. 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Abeille Americaine (w). Vols. 1-2. Apr., 1815-Apr., 1816. Q. 
 Published by A. J. Blocquerst ; continued at least three years. 
 
 -■General Advertises, and Political, Commercial, and Literary Journal 
 
 (d). Feb., 1791-Apr., 1793; Apr., 1794-Mar., 1795 (incomp.). 
 
 6 v. F«. 
 
 Established, Oct., 1790, by B. F. Bache, grandson of Benjamin Frank- 
 lin ; noted for its hostility to Federalists, and sympathy with French 
 
 [ 240 ] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 revolutionary party; continued (Nov., 1794) under title of Aurora and 
 General Advertiser, q. v. 
 
 Album and Ladies' Weekly Gazette. Vol. 1. June, 1826-May, 1827. Q. 
 
 Established by Thomas C. Clarke ; consolidated with Ladies' Lit. Port- 
 folio. See Phila. Album. 
 
 Philadelphia Album and Ladies' Literary Portfolio (w). Vols. 5-8. 
 1831-34. 4 v. P. 
 
 Continuation of Album, q. v. : published by .Tesper Harding, edited by 
 Robert Morris ; merged in Pennsylvania Inquirer. 
 
 Alexander's Express Messenger (w). Feb., 1844-Jan., 1849. 2 v. F*. 
 Established 1837, by Charles Alexander; illustrated cheap family news- 
 paper ; united with Saturday Gleaner, Nov., 1848, by S. D. Patterson, and 
 styled Family Messenger and Natl. Gleaner. 
 
 American (w). Nov., 1881-1885 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Same (m). July-Dec, 1882. F. 
 
 Established Oct., 1880, as successor of Weekly Xotes (supplement to 
 Penn Monthly) ; owned by Wharton Barker, a Philadelphia banker ; 
 edited successively by William R. Balch, Howard R. Jenkins, and Robert 
 E. Thompson : literary and political ; suspended Jan., 1S91. 
 
 Monthly edition of American, published to fill unexpired subscriptions 
 to Stoddart's Review, q. v. ; suspended Jan., 1883. 
 
 American Trade (s-m). Vols. 1-5. 1897-June, 1902. F. 
 
 Founded 1897, by Edward H. Sanborn. Removed to N. Y. June, 1902, 
 and became American Industries, q. v. 
 
 Anglo-Saxon (m). Jan., 1901. 
 
 Anti-Monopolist (m). Aug., Oct., 1873. 
 
 Abiel (s-m). Vol. 3. May 16, 1829-Apr. 17, 1830. Q. 
 Published by Edmund Morris. Literary. 
 
 Atkinson's Saturday Evening Post. Apr. 29, 1837. 
 
 Aurora and General Advertiser (d). Nov., 1798-June, 1799; Nov.-Dec, 
 1799. 2 v. F5. Aug., 1803-1807. 7 v. Fe. 
 Continuation of General Advertiser, q. v. ; long an influential Demo- 
 cratic organ ; conducted by Bache till his death, Sept., 1798, then by his 
 widow with editorial assistance of William Duane, who continued as 
 editor till 1822 ; edited by Richard Penn Smith, 1822-27 ; united with 
 Franklin Gazette, Nov.. 1824, and edited by John Norvell, of the Gazette, 
 till Apr., 1828 ; then merged in Pennsylvania Gazette. The Aurora was 
 revived in 1834 by William Duane, but soon suspended 
 
 Weekly Aurora. Oct., 1810-Oct, 1812; Jan., 1813-Oct, 1814. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Bache's Philadelphia Auboba (tri-w). Dec, 1799-Dec, 1800. F». 
 
 Triweekly edition of Aurora; title changed to Phila. Aurora, Mar., 
 1800. 
 
 16— N. C. [ 241 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa., continued: 
 
 Banneb of the Constitution. 
 
 See same title, under Washington, D. C. 
 
 Banneb of the Cross (w). Sept. 8, 22, 1855. 
 
 Blue and Gbay (m). 1894, 10 nos.; Mar., 1895. Q. 
 
 Founded 1891. Published by Patriotic American Co., Apr.-Aug., 1894 ; 
 Current Pub. Co., Aug.-Dec, 1894 ; in 1895 by Pat. Am. Co. Moved to> 
 Washington, D. C, in 1895. Edited by J. W. Morton Jr. 
 
 Book News (m). Vols. 7-12. Sept., 1888-Aug., 1894. Indexed. 6 v. Q. 
 Founded 1881. Published by John Wanamaker. Edited by him, 
 1887-89 ; Manly L. Gillam, 1890-96 ; then by A. A. Christian. 
 
 Beown's Litebaey Omnibus (w). 1838, 8 nos. P. 
 
 Deutsch-Amerikanische Buchdbuckeb Zeitung (w). Apr., 1894- June, 
 1898; July, 1901-1903. P*. 1904-1910. F. 1911+ 
 
 Founded July, 1873, by the. German— American Typographia ; edited by 
 Charles' G Bachmann. Moved to New York, July, 1876, and edited by 
 Jean Weil till July, 1883 ; F'riedrieh Milke, July, 1883-July, 1886 ; since- 
 then by Hugo Miller. Published at Indianapolis since Nov., 1904. 
 
 Daily Evening Bulletin. 1861-65. 13 v. F e. 
 
 Established Apr., 1847, by Alexander Cummings (afterwards publisher 
 of Jf. Y. World), under title of Cummings' Evening Telegraphic Bulle- 
 tin; successor of Amer. Sentinel (1811-47). Edited by Charles J. 
 Peterson, afterwards by Gibson ■ Peacock, Charles G. Leland (1855-58), 
 Casper Souder, Francis Wells, Charles H. Clark ("Max Ad'eler," pseud.) ; 
 Gibson Peacock (1870-95), and at present by William Perrine; first suc- 
 cessful evening daily in Philadelphia; at first neutral, then Republican r 
 new styled Phila. Eve. Bulletin. Published by F. L. Featherston, 1870-89 ; 
 Gibson Peacock & Co., 1890-9f. ; William F. McCully, 1895-96 ; since- 
 then by Evening Bulletin Co. 
 
 Call (w). Jan. 7, 1889. 
 
 Cabpenteb (m). 1888-1902, scat. nos. Vols. 23-27. 1903-1907. 4 v. 
 
 F4-Q. 1908+ 
 
 Organ of Dnited Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners o£ America; 
 edited from the beginning by P. J. McGuire, till about 1902 ; since then- 
 by Frank Duffy. Removed hither from Cleveland, q. v., Dec, 1886. 
 
 Catholic Herald (w). 1842-43. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1832. Published (1842) by M. Fithian. 
 
 Cause (m). Apr., 1895. 
 
 Chtldben's Work for Children (m). 1876-88 (incomp.). O. 
 
 Successor of Foreign Missionary (children's edition), q. v. under New 
 York City ; published by Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of Presby- 
 terian Church. 
 
 [242] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Daily Chbistian Advocate. May 1-29, 1884. Fs. 
 
 Organ of General Conference of Methodist Episcopal Church ; editeS 
 by W. H. De Puy. 
 
 Chbistian Statesman (w). Vols. 22-23. Sept., 1888-Dec, 1890. 2 v. 
 
 F». 
 
 Founded 1866 ; edited by T. P. Stevenson and D. McAllister till 1891. 
 No later mention in directories. Advocated temperance, social reform,, 
 and recognition of religion in Constitution. 
 
 Pennsylvania Chbonicle and Universal Advertiser (w). Feb., 1768— 
 
 Jan., 1770. 2 v. Indexed. Q. 
 
 First four-column paper printed in the colonies ; founded Jan., 1767, 
 by William Goddard, formerly of N. V. Gazette and Post-Boyj suspended,. 
 1773, owing partly to its Tory tendencies. 
 
 Same. 1770, 4 nos. 
 
 i 
 With Boston Post, 1770. 
 
 Same. 1772-74, 9 nos. 
 
 With Pennsylvania Packet, 1772-77. 
 
 Chubch at Home and Abroad (m). Vols. 1-20. 1887-96. Indexed, 
 20 v. O. 
 
 Successor of Presb. Monthly Record, Foreign Missionary, and Preso. 
 Home Missionary. Published by Presbyterian Board of Publication J 
 edited by Henry A. Nelson. Suspended about 1900. 
 
 Chubch Register (w). Vols. 1-4. 1826-29i Indexed. 3 v. Q. 
 Edited by George Weller. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Chubch Standard (w). Vols. 63-64. Apr., 1893-Apr., 1894. 2v.ini. F. 
 Founded 1830. Edited by Rev. John ' Fulton, 1892-1901 (with W. B. 
 French part of the time). No later data obtainable. Protestant Epis- 
 copal. 
 
 Citizen (m). Vol. 1-4. 1895-1898. Q. 
 
 Established Mar., 1895, as successor of University Extension, and or- 
 gan of American Soc. for Extension of Univ. Teaching ; edited by Edward 
 T. Devine. Suspended, Aug., 1898. 
 
 City and State (w). 1895-1902, scat, nos.; 1903-1904 (incomp.). Q. 
 Founded 1895, by Herbert Welsh, and conducted by him till suspension,. 
 May, 1904. Independent. 
 
 Clan-na-Gael (w). Feb. 25, 1888. 
 
 Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser. 1796-98. 6 v. F «. 
 
 Continuation of Dunlap's Amer. Daily Advertiser, q. v. ; published by 
 Claypoole till Sept., 1800 ; then sold by him to Zachariah Poulson for 
 $10,000. See Paulson's Amer. Daily Advertiser ; also Mail. 
 
 [243] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Philadelphia,' Pa., continued: 
 
 Colonization Herald (m; s-m). 1837-38, 3 nos.; 1857-63 (incomp.). 
 
 F6, 
 
 With Liberia Colonisation Newspapers, 1830-63. Advocated coloniza- 
 tion of American negroes in Africa ; founded 1835, and published by Pa. 
 Colonization Society. 
 
 Commercial America (m). Vols. 4-6. July, 1907-June, 1910. Q. 
 Founded 1903. Published by the Philadelphia Commercial Museum. 
 
 Consebvatob (m). 1895-1897 (incomp.); 1898-99; 1900-1901. F. 
 1902-1909 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded 1890, in interests of Ethical Culture. Published by Joseph 
 Gilbert, 1892-94 ; W. T. Inness & Son, 1895-Aug., 1898 ; Horace L. Trau- 
 bel, Aug., 1898-1909. Edited by Horace L. Traubel, 1892-1909 (Anne 
 Montgomery, associate editor after 1898). 
 
 Saturday Cotjeiee (w). 1832. F«, 
 
 Established May, 1831 ; published by Woodward & Spragg ; edited by 
 Morton McMichael till 1835 ; under him was largest and most enterpris- 
 ing weekly in the city ; afterwards published by Andrew McMaMn ; 
 merged in Evening Bulletin, Nov., 1856. 
 
 Philadelphia Saturday Cotjbieb (w). 1836-38 (incomp.). F*. 
 
 Delta Upsilon Quarterly. Vols. 3-28. 1885-1910. O. 
 Formerly published in N. X. 
 
 Dessebt to the True American (w). Vol.1. July, 1798-July, 1799. Q- 
 SuceeBSor of Minerva, q. v. ; weekly edition of True American (suc- 
 cessor of Pennsylvania Journal, q. v. 
 
 Dunlap's American Daily Advertiser. 1791-95. 5 v. F=. 
 
 Successor of Pennsylvania Packet, q. v. ; after Dec, 1795, published 
 by the Claypooles. and styled Claypoole's Amer. Daily Advertiser, q. v. 
 
 Bulletin of International Electbical Exhibition (s-m). June-Oct., 
 1884. F. 
 
 Elevatob Constbuctob. 
 
 See same title, under Chicago, 111. 
 
 .National Enqtjiree (w). Sept., 1837-Mar., 1838, F«. 
 < Founded Aug., 1836, by Benjamin Lundy ; soon became organ of Pa. 
 
 Anti-Slavery Society ; after Mar., 1838, styled Pennsylvania Freeman, 
 ' and edited by J. G. Whittier. Anti-slavery. 
 
 Episcopal Recorder (w). 1836-55, 4 nos. 
 
 EIquitt (q). Vols. 8-11. 1906-1909. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1898 ; quarterly publication, continuing Equity Beries, a se- 
 ries of economic and sociological books (Equity Series is still the official 
 name). C. F. Taylor,. M. D., has been continuously editor-in-chief. 
 "Devoted to scientific politics and progressive government." Absorbed 
 since 1907, Direct Legislative Record, Referendum News, and Propor- 
 
 ' tional Representation Review. 
 
 [ 244 ] 
 
Pennsyl 
 
 vania 
 
 Examinee, and Journal of Political Economy (w). Aug., 1833-July, 
 1835. 2 v. O. 
 
 Edited by Condy Baguet: devoted to State Rights and Free Trade. 
 Merged in Reformation (?), Washington, D. C, 1835. See Banner of the 
 Constitution. 
 
 Fabm and Fireside (s-m), Eastern ed. 1894-95. F*. 
 
 Fabm Journal (m). 1900-1901. 2 v. F. Also 1897-1908 (lncomp.). 
 Founded 1877 by Wilmer Atkinson, and since conducted by him (now 
 by Wilmer Atkinson & Co.). 
 
 Faemeb's Cabinet (m). Aug., 1838- July, 1839. Indexed. 0. 
 Established 1835, by John Libby ; continued till 1850. 
 
 Finche's Trades Review (w). Vols. 1-7. June, 1863-Aug., 1866. 2 v. 
 
 P7.5. 
 
 Fobney's War Press (w). Feb., 1862-Mar., 1863. Fs. 
 
 Same paper as Press, q. v. ; styled thus during War of Secession. 
 
 Federal Gazette and Philadelphia Daily Advertiser. Oct.-Dec, 1793. Fs. 
 Established 1788, by Andrew Brown ; organ of supporters of Constitu- 
 tion ; continued, Jan. 1794, under title of Philadelphia Gazette, q. v. 
 
 Fbanexin Gazette (tri-w). Feb.-Dec, 1818; 1819 (incomp.). 2 v. F«. 
 
 Same (s-w). 1820-23 (incomp.). 3 v. F». 
 
 Same (d). Jan.-Nov., 1824. F». 
 
 Same (w). Vol. 1. Apr., 1818-Apr., 1819. Fa. 
 
 Pennsylvania Fbeedmen's Bulletin (m). June, 1867; Feb., 1868. 
 
 Pennsylvania Fbeeman (w). Mar-Sept, 1838. F«. Aug. 11, 1841. 
 With Natl. Enquirer, 1887-38. See note thereon. 
 
 Feeeman's Journal, or North American Intelligencer (w). 1784. F«. 
 Established Apr., 1781, by Francis Bailey, and published by him one 
 year ; then by" Joseph Scott ; suspended 1792. 
 
 Feeeman's Journal and Philadelphia Mercantile Advertiser (d). Dec, 
 1808-Nov., 1809. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded about 1804. Published 1808-18,09 by William McCorkle and 
 James Elliot. 
 
 Feeie Aebeitee Stimme (w). Sept., 1907+ F«. , 
 
 See same title, under N. X. 
 
 Fbiend (w). Vols. 9-23. May, 1836-Apr., 1850. 14 v. Vols. 47-48. 
 July, 1873-Aug., 1875. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Established Oct., 1827, by an association of Friends ; represents the 
 "orthodox" party of that denomination ; edited by Robert Smith till 1851, 
 by Charles Evans till 1879, then by Joseph Walton. 
 
 [245] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa., continued: 
 
 Friend, or Advocate of Truth (m; w). Vols. 1-3. July, 1828-June, 
 1830 (incomp.). Indexed. O. 
 
 Same (m), new series. Vol. 1. 1832. Indexed. O. Vols. 10- 
 
 23. 1836-49; Vol. 46. 1873. Q. 
 
 Published by Evan Lewis ; organ of "Hicksite" Friends. Published by 
 M. T. C. Gould, 1830 ; George W. Taylor, 1836-Sept., 1848 ; John Rich- 
 ardson, Sept., 1848-49 ; John S. Stokes, 1873-92 ; since then by Edwin P. 
 Sellew. Edited by Robert Smith, 1836-49; Joseph Walton, 1889-97; 
 John H. Dillingham, 1898-99 or later. 
 
 Feiends' Review (w). Vol. 11. Oct., 1857-Sept., 1858. Indexed. Q. 
 Feh. 12, 1859. 
 
 Founded 1847. Published by Alice Lewis, 1870-85; Franklin E. Paige, 
 1886-90; John C. Winston, 1891-93; by Rufus M. Jones, 1894. Edited 
 by W. J. Allinson, 1870-71 ; Henry Hartshome, 1875-76 ; James E. 
 Rhoads, 1877-82 ; Hartshorne and Rhoads, 1883-85 ; Hartshorne, 1886- 
 93 ; Rufus M. Jones, 1894. No later mention in directories. Religious, 
 literary, and miscellaneous. 
 
 Philadelphia Gazette and Universal Daily Advertiser. 1794-95; 1797- 
 1802. 10 v. F 6. June 9, 1824. 
 
 Continuation of Federal Gazette, q. v., published by Brown until his 
 death (Feb., 1797), by his son, Andrew, and Samuel. Relf till Sept., 1801; 
 by Relf alone till his death (Feb., 1823) ; then by Stevenson Smith and 
 William M. Gouge, and (after union with Intelligencer) by R. T. Conrad 
 and Condy Raguet ; merged in ITorth American, 1840. See Federal Ga- 
 zette and BelJ's Gazette. 
 
 "Gazette of the United States (s-w). Apr.-Nov., 1791. F*. Oct., 1795- 
 
 June, 1796. F". 
 
 Removed from New York City ; a strong Federalist organ, and bitterly 
 opposed to Prance; edited by John Fenno till his death (1798); by 
 Joseph Dennie (1800) ; continued as United States Gazette, q. v. 
 
 National Gazette (s-w). July-Oct., 1793. Fs. 
 
 Established Oct., 1791, by Philip Freneau, formerly editor of K. Y. 
 Dally Advertiser ; a bitter opponent of Washington's administration ; said 
 by Jefferson to have "saved our Constitution, which was galloping fast 
 into monarchy ;" suspended Oct., 1793. 
 
 National Gazette and Literary Register (s-w; d, Nov., 1820). Apr., 
 1820-Sept., 1821. F«. 
 
 Same (s-w). Jan., 1821-Apr., 1822. F». 
 
 - Same (tri-w). Apr., 1822-Apr., 1824; Apr., 1824-Apr., 1826; 
 Apr., 1826- July, 1827; July, 1831-Dec, 1832; Dec, 1831-Nov., 
 1833; Feb., 1833-June, 1834; 1835; Jan., 1836-Mar., 1837. 8 v. 
 
 F*. , i I II 
 
 ■ , ; .1 a, II i J 
 
 [246] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Same (d). Dec, 1821-June, 1826; 1827- June, 1831. 16 v. F». 
 
 Established by Robert Walsh and William Fry ; conducted by Walsh till 
 1836; gave more attention to literature, science, and art than to politics; 
 merged in Pennsylvania Inquirer, 1842. 
 
 Pennsylvania Gazette (w). Dec, 1728-Oct., 1729. P. Oct., 1739-Dec, 
 1740; Feb., 1742-Sept, 1743. 2 v. Q. Oct., 1743-Jan., 1747; 
 Jan-July, 1750. 2 v. F. Jan., 1751-Aug., 1752; 1753-55; 3 v. F5. 
 1756-57; Jan.-Oct, 1758; 1759-63; Jan.-Aug., 1764. 9 v. F*. 
 1770-75; Jan.-Nov., 1776; Feb.-Sept., 1777; 1778, 6 nos.; 1779, 8 
 nos.; 1780, 11 nos.; 1781, 12 nos.; 1782, 20 nos.; 1783-89. 17 v. Fs. 
 Pounded by Samuel Keimer, Dec, 1728 (see Universal Instructor) ; 
 purchased the next year by Benjamin Franklin, who soon afterwards be- 
 came postmaster of Philadelphia ; conducted by him till 1748, by Frank- 
 lin and David Hall (1748-66), by Hall and William Sellers (1766-1805), 
 by Hall with other partners till his death in 1821 ; succeeded by Satur- 
 day Evening Post (Aug., 1821) q. v. Suspended Nov., 1776-Feb., 17T7. 
 and Sept., 1777-Jan., 1779 (except Jan.-.! une, 1778, when it was pub- 
 lished at York, Pa., q. v. ; these issues were smaller in size, and not 
 numbered). This newspaper is rare and valuable; a volume containing 
 three years (1775-77) was quoted by a dealer in 1894 at $500; and an 
 incomplete set covering 37 years (1749-85) at $4,000 in 1895. 
 
 Independent Gazetteeb, or Chronicle of Freedom (w; s-w, Sept.). 
 May-Dec, 1782. Fs. 
 
 Established by Eleazer Oswald, Apr., 17S2 ; conducted by him till his 
 death, Sept., 1795, then by his widow ; purchased Aug., 1796, by Joseph 
 Gales ; suspended late in 1799, when Gales commenced publication of 
 Raleigh (N. C.) Register. 
 
 Journal of United Hatters. 
 
 See same title, under Danbury, Conn. 
 
 Hazard's Register of Pennsylvania (w). Vols. 1-16. 1825-35. In- 
 dexed. 16 v. Q. 
 
 Established by Samuel Hazard ; "devoted to the preservation of every 
 kind of useful information respecting the State;" valuable to students 
 of history. 
 
 Hazard's United States Commercial and Statistical Register. 
 See V. S. Comml. and Rtat. Register. 
 
 Helper (w). 1904, 7 nos. F. 
 
 Home and Foreign Record (m). Jan., 1856. 
 
 Housekeeper's Weekly. Vols. 2-3 (incomp.). Sept., 1891-Apr., 1892. Q. 
 Founded 1889, by Housekeeper Co. Edited by Mary V. Terhune 
 ("Marion Harland, pseud."). Suspended about 1894. 
 
 Industrial Republic (m). Aug. 1, 1891. 
 
 [247] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa., continued: 
 
 Pennsylvania Inquires and National Gazette (d). 1846. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Established June, 1829, by John Norvell, then editor of Aurora and 
 Franklin Gazette; the following November, became property of Jesper 
 Harding, who published it till 1855 ; then conducted by his son, William 
 W. Harding, and styled Phila. Inquirer; supported Jackson's administra- 
 tion till 1836, then becoming Whig supported Harrison ; afterwards 
 was a leading supporter of the government during the War of Se- 
 cession ; first to publish "Barnaby Eudge" and several others of Dickens's 
 novels in this country ; since Feb., 1889, owned by Inquirer Co., Presi- 
 dent James Elverson. In recent years a leading advocate of municipal 
 improvements and governmental reform. See Phila. Inquirer. 
 
 Philadelphia Inquires (d). 1846. 2 v. Ft. Jan.-Mar., July, 1861- 
 Nov., 1869; Mar., July, 1870; Jan.-June, 1871; 1873-74. 38 v. Fe. 
 Continuation of Pennsylvania Inquirer, q. v. 
 
 Philadelphia Inquires (d). Sept. 3, 1901. Labor Day edition. 
 
 Bulletin of American Ikon and Steel Association (w). Vols. 1-7. 
 Sept., 1866-Dec, 1873. 7 v. in 4. Q. Vols. 8-9, 20-21. Jan., 
 1874-Sept., 1875; 1886-87. 4 v. in 2. F. 
 
 Published by Henry McCallister Jr., 1870-73 ; since then by James M. 
 Schwank (except 187T-81 by Bulletin Pub. Co.). Vol. 1 contains 
 constitution, lists of members, and circulars of the Association ; also se- 
 ries of letters on "The Iron Question," by Henry C. Carey. 
 
 Pennsylvania Journal (w). 1751-52, 15 nos. F. 1761, 35 nos.; 1766; 
 1772, 28 nos.; 1773, 9 nos.; 1774, 32 nos.; 177^, 43 nos.; May- 
 Nov., 1776, 29 nos.; Jan.-Aug., 1777; 1779, 4 nos.; May-Dec, 
 1780, 15 nos. 9 v. Fs. 
 
 Same (s-w). 1781, 16 nos.; 1782, 15 nos.; 1783-84, 7 nos.; 1785; 
 
 1788. 3 v. F4. 
 
 Established 1742, by William Bradford; published by him and his son 
 Thomas till 1791 (except during British occupation of the city), and by 
 Thomas till 1813 ; styled True American after 1796 ; published by Elliott 
 & Styles after 1813 ; consolidated with United States Gazette, March, 
 1818, under the title of Union and United States Gazette, or True 
 American. 
 
 Justice (w). 1888-90, 4 nos.; Jan., 1894-May, 1895. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1888. Published by Justice Pub. Co. Edited by H. V. Hetzel, 
 I. L. Shoemaker, and G. F. Stephens, 1893-1896. Probably removed to 
 Wilmington, Del., q. v. Single-tax. 
 
 Journal of Knights oe Laboe (w). 1890-Apr., 1896. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Continuation of Journal of United Labor, q. v. Moved to Washing- 
 ton, D. C, q. v., May, 1895. 
 
 Kova (W). Lithuanian. Jan., 1910+ Fs. 
 
 Founded May, 1905, by J. O. Shirvydas. Published since 1910 by 
 Lithuanian Socialist Federation of America; edited by J. B. Smelstorius. 
 
 [248] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Labob (w). Nov. 25, 1893; Feb. 10, 1894. 
 
 Labob Alarm (w). Apr. 16, 23, 1892. 
 
 Free and Independent Labob Champion. 1 no. 1871 or 1872. 
 
 Eastern Labobeb (w). Mar .-Nov., 1907 (incomp.). F*. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1907, by Shelby Smith, formerly of Trades Union New*,. 
 and conducted by him until Nov., 1907. No later data obtainable. In- 
 dependent Labor. 
 
 Ladies Home Journal (m). Vols. 3-6. 1886-89 (incomp.); Vols. 7-21.. 
 
 1889-1904; Vols. 23-24. 1905-1907 (incomp.) ; Vols. 26-27. 1908- 
 
 1910. 17 v. F4. 
 
 Founded 1SS3. Conducted by Louisa Knapp, 1884. Since 1886 pub- 
 lished by Curtis Pub. Co. ; edited by Louisa Knapp, 1884-89 ; since then 
 by Edward Hok. Styled Ladies' Home Journal and Practical House- 
 keeper till 1890. 
 
 Journal of Law (m). Vol. 1. 1830-31. O. 
 
 Monthly Leader. June, Dec, 1902. 
 
 Pennsylvania Ledger (w; s-w, 1778). Feb.-Dec, 1775; 1776, 30 nos.; 
 Jan-Apr., 1778, 6 nos. 2 v. F». 
 
 Established Jan., 1775, by James Humphreys Jr. ; suspended Nor., 
 1776, because of attacks made upon it by the Evening Post; resumed 
 publication while British troops occupied the city (Sept., 1777-July, 
 1778) ; then suspended. 
 
 Philadelphia Libebalist (w). Vols. 1-3. June, 1832-June, 1835. 3 v. 
 in 2. F=. 
 Edited and published by Zelotes Fuller; suspended in 1835. 
 
 Liberator (w). Sept., 1896-Apr., 1897. F«. 
 Philadelphia edition of N. Y. People, q. v. 
 
 Librarian (w). Aug.-Dec, 1878; Mar -June, 1879. O. 
 
 Devoted to interests of local libraries ; published by S. P. Ferree & Co. 
 
 Literary Era (m). Vol. 1. 1894-1905. 16 v. O. 
 
 Founded 1894, by Porter & Coates. Published by Henry T. Coates &- 
 Co., 1896-1904 ; Era Press, 1904 ; Why Pub. Co., 1905. Then suspended. 
 Styled Era after 1902. 
 
 Litebaby Gazette (w). Vol. 1. 1821. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Successor of Analeclic Magazine (founded 1813, by Moses Thomas, and 
 edited by Washington Irving) ; published by James Maxwell ; suspended- 
 Dec, 1821. 
 
 American Literary Gazette and Publishers' Circular (s-m). Vols. 2-18- 
 Nov., 1863-Jan., 1872. Indexed. 17 v. O. 
 
 Successor of Amer. Pub. Circular and Literary Gazette (N. Y.), q. v.; 
 published by Oeorge W. Childs till 1872 ; then returned to New York, an<}> 
 styled Publishers' Weekly, q. v. 
 
 [249] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa., continued: 
 
 Philadelphia Literary Reporter (m). May, 1809. 
 
 With JT. Y. and PMla. Newspapers, 1801-10. Published at joint ex- 
 pense of a number of booksellers of Philadelphia, and forwarded to sub- 
 scribers at cost of postage only ; apparently first book trade journal in 
 United States. 
 
 Lutheran (w). Vols. 11-13. Oct., 1906-1909. 3 v. F*. 1910+ 
 See same title t under Lebanon. 
 
 Weekly Magazine. Vol. 1. Feb.-Apr., 1798. Indexed. O. 
 Published by James Waters & Co.; three volumes issued. 
 
 Mail, or Claypoole's Daily Advertiser. Sept., 1792-Dec, 1793 (in- 
 comp.). Fs. 
 
 Apparently established about 1791 by D. C. Claypoole, after his with- 
 drawal from partnership with Dunlap ; partnership was resumed about 
 Nov., 1793, and the Mail united with Dunlap's Amer. Daily Advertiser, 
 q. v. 
 
 Saturday Evening Mail (w). Jan. 7, 1854. 
 
 Medical and Surgical Reporter (w). 1886-90. 10 v. Q. 
 
 Established 1847, at Burlington. N. J., as organ of N. J. State Medical 
 Society ; published quarterly till 1858, then removed to Philadelphia, and 
 issued weekly ; edited by S. W. Butler till 1873, and by D. G. Brinton 
 after 1868 till 1887; Charles W. Dulles, 1888-90; Edward T. Reichart, 
 1891-92.; Harold H. Kynett, 1893-97. No later mention in directories. 
 
 American Weekly Mercury. Vols. 1-4. 1720-23. Indexed. F. 
 
 First newspaper in Middle Colonies of North America ; founded by 
 Andrew Bradford, Dec, 1719. Reproduction in facsimile, by Colonial So- 
 ciety of Pennsylvania, 1898. 
 
 Pennsylvania Mercury. 
 
 See Story & Humphrey's Pennsylvania Mercury. 
 
 American Weekly Messenger. Vols. 1, 2. Sept., 1813-Sept., 1815. In- 
 dexed. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Published by John Conrad ; gave an impartial summary of news and 
 politics, and many official documents. 
 
 Mind and Matter (w). Nov. 15, 1879. 
 
 Philadelphia Minerva (w). Vols. 1-4. Feb., 1795-July, 1798. Q. 
 
 Printed by Woodruff and Pechin till May, 1 790 ; by John Turner nine 
 months ; then published by William T. Palmer ; purchased by Samuel 
 Bradford, editor of True American, July, 1798. .See Dessert to True 
 American. 
 
 Missionary Record (m). Vol. 1. 1833. .0. 
 
 Organ of Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of Protestant Epis- 
 copal Church in United States ; edited by P. Van Pelt. 
 
 Philadelphia Saturday Museum (w). Mar. 2, 1844. 
 
 [250] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Pennsylvania Nationalist (w). 1893-95, scat. nos. Q-F. 
 Nazarene (w). Oct. 27, Dec. 15, 1894; Nov. 28, Dec. 26, 1896. 
 
 New Century for Women (w). Vol. 1. May-Nov., 1876. Fs. 
 
 Published by the Woman's Centennial Committee, International Exhi- 
 bition, Phila. 
 
 New Century Journal of Woman's Interests (m). 1902, 3 nos. 
 
 New Chubch Herald (w). Oct., 1855-Dec, 1859. F*. 
 
 Established 1854 ; edited by Sabin Hough ; removed to Columbus, O., 
 July, 185.3, and the following October to Cincinnati. Swedenborgian. 
 
 New Bba (w). 1901-1903, 13 nos. F*-«. 
 
 Organ of United Labor League of Philadelphia and vicinity. 
 
 New Would (d). Oct., 1796-Aug„ 1797. F». 
 
 Established 1705, by Samuel H. Smith ; suspended Aug., 1797. 
 
 Niles' National Register. 
 
 See same title, under Baltimore. 
 
 Noeth American and United States Gazette (d). Oct. 23, 1849. 
 
 Now (w). Sept. 8, 22, 1894. 
 
 Official Bulletin of the Novelties Exhibition (s-m) . May-Nov., 1885. F. 
 
 Our Continent (w). Vol. 1. Feb.-July, 1882. F 4 - Vols. 2-6. Aug., 
 
 1882-Aug., 1884. Indexed. 4 v. Q. 
 
 An illustrated journal established by Albion w. Tourgee (author of A 
 Fool's Errand, etc.) ; styled Continent after 1882. Removed to New York 
 City in 1S83, and published there till 1884. No later mention in direc- 
 tories. 
 
 Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Advertiser. 1785-89; Apr., 1789-Mar., 
 1790; Aug.-Dec, 1790. 11 v. F». 
 
 Established Jan., 1771, by John Dunlap ; an ardent supporter of the 
 colonies against Great Britain ; published at Lancaster during the British 
 occupation of Philadelphia; after return to Philadelphia (1778), pub- 
 lished by Dunlap and D. Claypoole ; issued daily after Sept., 1784, the 
 first daily paper in America; after 1790 styled Dunlap's American Daily 
 Advertiser, q. v. 
 
 Pennsylvania Packet or General Advertiser (w). 1774-77, 16 nos. Fs. 
 
 -Same (s-w). May-Dec, 1780, 29 nos.; Jan. — Sept., 1871. 2 v. 
 
 - Same (tri-w). July-Dec, 1778; 1779, 23 nos.; 1782; 1783-84, 
 26 nos. 6 v. Fs. 
 
 -Same. Oct. 28 1771. 
 
 With Mass. Qaeette and Boston News-Letter ; follows Oct. 24, 1771. 
 
 [251] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa., continued: 
 
 Peacemaker (m). Nov., 1884. 
 
 Dollar Weekly Pennsylvaniatt. July-Nov., 1856. 
 
 Weekly edition of Pennsylvanian, founded 1832, by Mifflin & Parry; 
 edited by James Gordon Bennett (1832-34), Joseph C. Neal (1834-36), 
 J. W. Forney (1847-53), then Edward G. Webb; one of the most influ- 
 ential Democratic papers of the time; suspended 1861. 
 
 People (w). Sept. 5, 19, 1875. 
 
 People's Voice (m). Aug., 1896. 
 
 Phtlanthbopist (m). Jan., 1855. 
 Founded 1854. 
 
 Poettolio (w). Vols. 1-5. 1801-05. 5 v. P. 
 
 Established Jan., 1801, by Asbury Dickens and Joseph Dennie (form- 
 erly editor of Farmer's Museum, Walpole, N. H. — "Oliver Oldschool," 
 pseud.) • under Dennie (1801-11), became best literary periodical in 
 TJ. S. ; leading contributors, Royal Tyler i "Mess. Colon and Spondee," 
 pseud.), Paul Allen, J. Q. Adams, Horace Binney, Charles Brockden 
 Browne; edited by Charles Caldwell (1812-15), and John E. Hall (1815- 
 27). 
 
 / 
 
 Same, new series. Vols. 1-6. 1806-08. 6 v. O. 
 
 Continued as a monthly (Vols. 1-38), 1809-27. 
 
 Pennsylvania Kvening Post (tri-w). Aug.-Nov., 1776; Jan.-Apr., 1777; 
 May-Aug., 1777. 3 v. O. 
 
 ■ Same (s-w) 1778, 2 nos.; 1779, 14 nos. O. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1775, by Benjamin Towne ; suspended, 1782, owing to 
 hostility of Whigs. 
 
 Saturday Evening Post (w). 1847-64, scat. nos. Vols. 172-183. Jan.- 
 June, 1900; 1901-1910. 21 v. F. 1911+ 
 
 Consolidation, Aug., 1821, of Pennsylvania Gazette, q. v., and Bee (the 
 latter a new venture by Robert S. Coffin). Published by Charles Alexan- 
 der and Samuel C. Atkinson, 1821-28; Atkinson, 1828-39; George R. 
 Graham & Co., 1839-43 ; Col. Samuel D. Patterson, 1843-48 ; Edmund 
 Deacon and Henry Peterson (or Henry Peterson & Co.), 1848-74; 
 Walker, Reed & Co., 1875 ; Reed, Wickersham & Co., 1876 ; Bennett & 
 Fitch, 1877-85; Andrew E. Smythe, 1886-97; since then by Curtis Pub. 
 Co. Edited by Thomas Cottrell Clarke, 1821-28 ; later by Benjamin 
 Mathias, Rufus W. Griswold, Morton McMichael, Samuel Patterson, 
 Charles J. and Henry Peterson, Horatio H. Weld, and others ; since Mar., 
 1899, by George H. Lorimer. Absorbed Saturday News, Saturday Bulle- 
 tin, Saturday Chronicle, United States, etc. 
 
 Potjlson's American Daily Advertiser. Oct.-Dec, 1800; 1801-22; 1825- 
 26; 1829-32. 52 v. F». 1833-35; 1837-38. 10 v. F7. 
 
 Continuation of Claypoole's Amer. Daily Advertiser, q. v. ; Whig in 
 politics ; conducted by Poulson till Dec, 1839 ; then merged in Sorth 
 
 \ American. 
 
 [252] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Pbesbtteeian (w). 1831-40, scat. nos. F«. 1841 (incomp.); 1842-44; 
 1845-46; 1848, scat, nos.; 1849-51, scat, nos.; 1852; 1853-54, scat, 
 nos.; 1855; 1856-64, scat. nos. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Established Feb., 1831 : published by Russell & Martien ; later, till 
 1874, by Alfred Martien & Co. ; by Mutchmore & Co., 1875-1900 ; since 
 then by Presbyterian Pub. Co. Edited by John Burtt till Nov., 1832, by 
 James W. Alexander, 1833, William M. Engles, 1834-64 ; later by M. 
 B. Grier and S. A. Mutchmore till 1900 : Robert Alexander and W. W. 
 McKinney, 1901. 
 
 PbDsbytebtan Monthly Record. Vols. 25, 26, 28, 33-37. 1874-75, 1877, 
 1882-86. Indexed. 8 v. O. 
 
 Organ of the following boards of the Presbyterian Church in the 
 United States — home mission, foreign missions, education, publication, 
 church erection, relief for disabled ministers, and committee on freed- 
 men ; edited by W. M. Rice. Established Jan., 1850, under the title of 
 Some and Foreign Record, as successor of Missionary Chronicle and an 
 educational publication of the church ; afterwards styled Presbyterian 
 Monthly Record. See The Church at Home and Abroad; also Foreiyn 
 Miss. Chronicle, New York. 
 
 Pbess (d). Vols. 1-10. Aug., 1857- June, 1862. 10 v. Fa. Aug. 18, 
 1869; July-Dec, 1871. 2 v. Ft. 1876, 7 nos. 
 
 Established Aug., 1857, by John W. Forney, formerly of the PennsyU 
 vanian ; Democratic in politics, but opposed to extension of slavery, and 
 therefore abandoned Buchanan when he supported the Lecompton Con- 
 stitution for Kansas ; soon became a strong Republican organ ; edited by 
 Forney till 1877 ; also by John R. Young (1862-65) and Charles G. Le- 
 land (1865-69) ; purchased by Calvin Wells, of Pittsburg, 1879 ; edited 
 a short time by E. McPherson and W. R. Balch, then by Charles E. 
 Smith, W. Bradford Merrill (1885-91) and Moses P. Handy. Smith 
 continued as editor till his death in 1908. See Forney's War Press; 
 also Dollar Weekly Pennsylvanian. 
 
 Democratic Press (d). July-Dec, 1815. F». 
 
 Founded 1806. Published by John Binns, 1815 — Nov. 1829. Then ab- 
 sorbed by Inquirer, q. v. 
 
 Pboletabio (w). Oct., 1905-f (incomp.). 
 
 Founded 1896. Since 1905 published by Italian Socialist Federation. 
 Removed to New York, 1910. 
 
 Public Ledger (w). 1849-51; Aug. 17, 1869; Mar., 1876-Mar., 1877. F». 
 
 — Same (d). Dec, 1872- Aug., 1873; Nov., 1900-May, 1901; Oct., 
 1902-May, 1903; Sept., 1903-Apr., 1904; Oct., 1904-May, 1905; 
 Oct., 1905-June, 1906; Sept., 1906-Apr., 1907; Sept., 1907-May, 
 1908; Sept., 1908-Feb., 1909. 30 v. Fs. May-June, 1909. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1836, by William M. Swain, Arunah S. Abell, and Aza- 
 riah H. Simmons. Conducted on same lines as Baltimore Sun, q. v. Sim- 
 mons died in 1855, but the firm name not changed till 1861; Swain and 
 Abell continued proprietors till Dec, 1804, when they sold to George W. 
 Childs. Owned by him till 1894, but conducted largely by William V. 
 McKean. 1864-91. Controlled by Adolph S. Ochs since 1902 ; edited 
 since 1905 by Alfred C. Lambdin. Absorbed Phila. Times In 1902. 
 
 [253] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa., continued: 
 
 Public Record (d). Apr., 1875— June, 1876. 2 v. Fa. 
 
 Founded 1S70, by William J. Swain, and conducted by him till 1877; 
 Record Co., 1879 ; W. M. Singerly, 1880-90 ; since then by Record Pub. 
 Co. Edited by Singerly, 1880-98 ; since then by Theodore Wright. 
 Styled Record since. 1878 or 1879. 
 
 American Publishers' Circular and Literary Gazette (s-m). Vol. 1. 
 May-Oct„ 1863. Indexed. O. 
 Continued as Amer. Lit. Gazette and Pub. Circular, q. v. 
 
 National Recobdeb. 
 
 See PMla. Register. 
 
 Philadelphia Registeb and National Recorder (w). Vols. 1-5. Jan., 
 1819-June, 1821. Indexed. 5 v. O. 
 
 Established by Eliakim Littell (founder ot Littell's Living Age, 1844) ; 
 edited the first year by Robert Walsh, then by Littell and his son ; suc- 
 cessively styled National Recorder (1819-21), Saturday Magazine (1821- 
 22), and Museum of Foreign Literature and Science (m) after 1822; re- 
 moved to New York in 1843, and styled Eclectic Museum of For. Lit. 
 and Science. 
 
 Registeb of Pennsylvania. 
 
 See Hazard's Register of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Political and Commercial Register (d). July, 1804-July, 1807. 3 v. F«. 
 Established by William Jackson, private secretary of President Wash- 
 ington ; continued till 1815. 
 
 Relf's Philadelphia Gazette and Daily Advertiser. 1803-09; 1811. 8 v. 
 
 F6. 
 
 See Philadelphia Gazette. 
 
 Sanitabt Commission Bulletin. 
 See same title, New York. 
 
 American Review of Shoes and Leather (m). 1909, 5 nos. F. 
 
 (smith's Weekly Volume (w). Vol. 1. Jan.- June, 1845. F. 
 
 Founded by John Jay Smith, then librarian of Phila. Library Com- 
 pany ; suspended July, 1846. 
 
 Souvenir (w). Vol. 2. July, 1828-May, 1829 (incomp.). Q. 
 Literary journal, published by Philip Price Jr. 
 
 Spibit of the Times and Daily Keystone. Aug. 14, 1849. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841—49. Established Nov., 
 1837 ; for twelve years conducted by John S. Du Solle and Edward A. 
 Penniman, then bv Smith & Carrigan ; a popular and influential Demo- 
 cratic journal. The Keystone, edited by Thomas B. Florence, was 
 
 : founded 1844 ; merged in Spirit of the Times, 1847. 
 
 [254] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Stoddart's Review (m). Nos. 1-37. Mar., 1880-June, 1882. F4. 
 
 Literary Journal issued by J. M. Stoddart & Co., publishers of Ameri- 
 can reprint ol "Encyclopedia Britannica ;" merged in American, q. v., 
 June, 1882. Stoddart was afterwards editor of Lippincott's Magazine. 
 
 Stoet and Humphrey's Pennsylvania Mercury and Universal Advertiser 
 (w). 1775, 3 nos. 
 
 With Pennsylvania Packet, 1774-77. Established Apr., 1775 ; sus- 
 pended in following December. 
 
 Srx (d). Sept. 16, 1853. 
 
 Sunday School Times (w). 1881-1903; 1905. 22 v. F4. 
 
 Established 1859, as successor of Sunday School Journal (issued by 
 Amer. S. S. Union, 1830-58) ; edited by John S. Hart till 1871"; by I. N. 
 Baker, 1871-75 ; by Henry Clay Trumbull, 1875 till his death in 1903. 
 Now published by Sunday School Times Co. 
 
 Philadelphia Tageblatt. 1896, 3 nos. 
 
 Evening Telegraph (d). 1865. 2 v. Dec, 1870-Sept, 1871. F« (very 
 incomp.). 
 
 Established Jan., 1 864, by J. B. Harding and Charles E. Warburton ; 
 owned and edited by Warburton since Harding's death, Oct., 1865; other 
 editors, Watson Ambruster (on staff since 1866 ; editor-in-chief, 1897— 
 1904), W. J. Clark, and George W. Allen. Independent Republican. 
 
 Evening Telegram (d). Sept. 2, 1901. Labor edition. 
 
 Journal of the American Temperance Union (m). Vols. 1-3. 1837-39. 
 Indexed. Q. 
 Published by the A. T. U. Removed to New York City, q. v., 1839. 
 
 Times (d). Oct., 1900-Apr., 1901. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1875, by Alexander McClure and Frank McLaughlin. Owned 
 by McClure till 1901, with Alfred C. Lambdin managing editor till 1896, 
 and then editor-in-chief. Merged (1!)02) with Puolic Ledger, q. v. 
 
 Trades (w). Mar., 1879-Apr., 1880 (incomp.). Fe. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1879. Edited by John Morrison Davis, until Apr., 1880. 
 No later mention in directories. Union Labor. 
 
 National Trades Review (w). Apr. 7, 1866. 
 
 Trades Union News (w). 1905, 3 nos.; Sept., 1906-Mar., 1909. F«. 
 
 Founded 1902. Published by Trades Union News Pub. Co., since 1905. 
 
 Sunday Transcript. Mar. 9, 1862. 
 
 True American and Commercial Advertiser (d). June 10, 1808. 
 
 With N. y. and Phila. Newspapers, 1801-10. Successor of Pennsyl- 
 vania Journal, q. v. 
 
 Trumpet or Alarm (irreg). Apr. 24, 1843. 
 
 With Second Adventist Newspapers, 1842-17. Edited by Josiah Litch. 
 
 [255] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa., continued: ; 
 
 "Bulletin of United Typothetae (m). 1908+ O. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1907, to promote interests of masterprinters' organiza- 
 tion. Published fit New York, John Mclntyre, manager, until November; 
 since then at Philadelphia. Edited since May, 1909, by Franklin W. 
 Heath, secretary. 
 
 Union (w). Sept. 7, 1889. 
 
 Union Leaflet (m). Vols. 1-3. 1905-Apr., 1907. O-Q. 
 
 Published by William F. Knott, in interests of Typographical Union, 
 No. 2. 
 
 .National Union League Gazette. Nos. 1, 6-10. Oct.-Nov., 1864. F. 
 
 Journal of United Labob (s-m; w). May, 1880-Apr., 1881; 1888-27 
 (incomp.). 2 v. F. July, 1887-89'. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1880. Organ of Knights of Labor. Edited by Robert D. 
 Layton, 1882 ; Frederick Turner. 1883 — Nov., 1886 ; Charles H. Litch- 
 maii, Nov., 1886 — May, 1S88 ; Adelbert M. Dewey, May, 1888 — July, 1889; 
 since then by » Board of Trustees. Styled Journal of Knights of Labor, 
 q. •>., Jan., 1890. Moved to Washington, D. C, q. v., May, 1895. 
 
 United States Commercial and Statistical Registeb (w). Vols. 1-6. 
 Feb., 1839- June, 1842. Indexed. 6 V. Q. 
 
 Established by Samuel Hazard, founder of Hazard's Register of Penn- 
 sylvania; gives much useful statistical information. 
 
 United States Gazette (s-w). July-Dec, 1808. Indexed. F«. 
 
 Same (d). July-Dec, 1839; July-Dec, 1841; Jan-June, 1842. 
 
 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Continuation of Gazette of the United States, q. v. ; published by Enos 
 Bronson, 1801-18 ; united with True American, q. v., Mar., 1818, and 
 styled Union; resumed title of U. S. Gazette, Apr., 1823; edited by Joseph 
 E. Chandler, 1822-47 ; merged in north American, 1847. 
 
 Unity and Progress (m). Sept. 22, 1894; July 31, 1897. 
 Founded 1894. 
 
 Universal Instructor in all Arts and Sciences, and Pennsylvania Gazette 
 (w). Dec, 1728-Oct., 1729. F. 
 
 See Pennsylvania Gazette. 
 
 Philadelphia Volks-Blatt (w). Aug. 27, 1896. 
 
 Waldie's Literary Omnibus (w). Vol. 1. 1837. Fs. 
 
 Established by Adam Waldle ; successor of Waldie's Portfolio. 
 
 Waldie's Portfolio, and Companion to the Select Circulating Library 
 (bl-w). Part 1. Jan.- June, 1836. Indexed. Q. 
 Literary journal, published by Waldie; succeeded by Waldie's Literary 
 Omnibus. 
 
 [256] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Waldie's Select Circulating Library (w). Vols. 1-14. 1832-45. Q. 
 
 Walsh's Weekly. May 8, 1886. 
 Founded 1883. 
 
 Welcome Workman (w). Aug., 1867-May, 1868. F«. 
 
 Independent Whig (w). Jan., 1720- Jan., 1721. O. 
 
 Reprinted by S. Keimer from London publication of same name. 
 
 White Banner (m). Vol. 1. Nos. 1-3. Nov., 1874- Jan., 1875. 
 
 Woman's Work for Woman (m). Vols. 5-15. Mar., 1875-85. Indexed. 
 11 v. O. 
 
 Organ of Women's Foreign Missionary Society of Presbyterian Church, 
 and of Women's Presbyterian Board of Missions of the Northwest. Es- 
 tablished Apr., 1871, as a quarterly; after first year issued bi-monthly, 
 and after 1874 monthly. Absorbed Our Mission Field Dec, 1885, and 
 assumed name of latter as a sub-title. Edited by Miss J. C. Thompson 
 till her death, Feb., 1883; a short time by Miss S. B. Loring; thereafter 
 by Miss Mary I. Lombard. See same title, under New York City. 
 
 Wobkees' Leaflet (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Nov., 1901. 
 
 Workingman (w). Aug. 29, 1882 (imp.). 
 
 Working Woman's Journal (m). Oct. 5, Dec. 7, 1895. 
 
 Journal of ZoOphily (m). Vols. 1-15. 1892-1906. 15 v. in 5. Q. 
 1907+ 
 
 Published under auspices of Anti-Vivisection Society and Society for 
 Prevention of Cruelty to Animals; edited by Caroline Earle White and 
 Mary F. Lovell. 
 
 Philipsburg 
 
 Bituminous Record (w). Apr. 13, 1900. 
 
 Pittsburg 
 
 Amalgamated Journal (w). 1900-1905, scat, nos.; Sept., 1905-Apr., 
 1907. F». Aug.-Dec, 1907; 1908-1909. Fs. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Oct., 1899, by the Amalgamated Assn. of Iron, Steel and Tin 
 Workers of N. A. Edited by Ben I. Davis. Non-political labor. 
 
 Pittsburgh American (w). Mar-Dec, 1854. Ft. 
 
 Established 1839, by James Biddle. Whig organ. 
 
 Bbidgemkn's Magazine. 
 
 See same title, under Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 Pittsburg Christian Advocate (w). Vols. 13-16. 1846-Feb., 1849; 
 Vols. 48-56. 1881-89 (incomp.) ; Vols. 57-59. 1890<-92; Vols. 60- 
 61. 1893-94 (incomp.); Vol. 62. 1895; Vol. 63. 1896 (incomp.) ; 
 17— N. C. [ 257 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Pittsburgh, Pa., continued: 
 
 Vols. 64-65. 1897-98; Vol. 66. 1899 (incomp.) ; Vol. 67: 1900; 
 Vols. 68-69. 1901-1902 (incomp.); Vols. 70-72. 1903-1905. F*. 
 Vol. 75. 1908. F. 
 
 Pounded 1835. Edited by S. H. Nesbit, 1870-72 ; by W. Hunter, 1873- 
 76 ; by A. Wheeler, 1877-84 ; by Rev. C. W. Smith, 1884-1909 ; since tben 
 by J. J. Wallace. 
 
 Pittsburgh Evening Chronicle (d and w). Mar., 1863-Dec, 1865. 
 6 v. Ft. 
 
 Established May, 1841, by R. G. Berford, as a weekly; became a daily 
 in September following; edited by J. Heron Poster and W. H. Whitney; 
 conducted by Whitney Sept., 1843-51 (in partnership with Thomas W. 
 
 Wright during first three years ; with James Dumars, 1843-47 ; 
 
 Dunn, 1848-51) ; by Barr & McDonald, 1851-53; by Samuel Babcock and 
 McDonald, 1853-54 ; by Kennedy Bros., two years ; by Charles McKnight, 
 1856-64 ; by Joseph G. Slebeneck, 1863-84 (in partnership with W. A. 
 Collins till 1S74). United with Telegraph, 1884, and styled Chronicle- 
 Telegraph. Since published by Chronicle-Telegraph Pub. Co. Independ- 
 ent. Telegraph founded Apr., 1873, by an association of manufacturers 
 and business men ; edited by H. B. Swoope and John C. Harper. Inde- 
 pendent Republican. 
 
 Pittsburgh Commercial Gazette (d). Feb.-Aug., 1901. 2 v> Fe. 
 
 Consolidation, 1877, of Pittsburgh Gazette (q. v.), and Commercial 
 (founded 1863 ; conducted by C. D. Brigham, 1869-73 ; Russel Errett, 
 1873-76). Published by Reed, King & Co. (of Gazette), 1877-82; Nelson 
 P. Reed & Co., 1883-1900; George T. Oliver, 1901-1906. Then merged 
 by him with Chronicle Telegraph, and since published by him as Gazette- 
 Times, i 
 
 Commoner and Glassworker (w). Sept., 1888-May, 1889; 1902-1903, 
 scat, nos.; Sept., 1907-1909. 2 v. Fo. 1910+ 
 
 Pounded 1882. In 1888 styled Commoner and American Glassworker; 
 published by J. M. Kelly, 1888-92 ; since then by Commoner Pub. Co. 
 Edited by John J. Martin, 1893-97 ; by S. P. Austin, 1897-1901 or later ; 
 since 1903 by H. W. Gauding. Styled Glassworkej- since Apr. 15, 1911. 
 
 Pittsburgh Dispatch (d). 1864. 2 v. F«. 1865. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Pounded Feb., 1846, by J. Heron Foster; first one-cent daily west of 
 Alleghanies; conducted by Foster till Feb., 1865 (in partnership with 
 Reece C. Fleeson, 1849-63) ; by Daniel O'Neill and A. W. Rook till death 
 of former (succeeded by his son Eugene) ; edited by Neil Shaw (1873-85), 
 then by George A. Madden. Weekly edition founded 1853. Published 
 since 1881 by Dispatch Pub. Co. Independent Republican. 
 
 Foreign Missionary Chronicle (m). Vols. 1-5. Apr., 1833-37. In- 
 dexed. 5 v. O. 
 
 Organ of Western Foreign Missionary Society (organized Oct., 1831, by 
 Synod of Pittsburg; merged July, 1837, in Presbyterian Missionary So- 
 ciety, which was appointed in preceding May by the General Assembly of 
 the Presbyterian church) ; removed to New York City, q. v., Aug., 1837. 
 
 Pittsburgh Gazette (w). Sept.-Nov., 1786, 5 nos.; 1787, 29 nos.; Mar.- 
 Aug., 1788, 5 nos. F<5. Nov. 22, 1811. 
 [258] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 Same (d and w). Apr.-Nov., 1864; 1865. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Same (d). Oct., 1902-May, 1903; Sept., 1903-May, 1904; Oct., 
 
 1904-June, 1905. 11 v. Fa. 
 
 Established July, 17S6, by John Scull, postmaster of Pittsburg, and 
 Joseph Hall ; published by Scull till 1818 ; by John I. Scull and Morgan 
 Neville, Eichbaum & Johnston, David McLean (1822-29), Neville B 
 Craig (1829-41), D. N. White (1841-Apr., 1845), White and B. F. Harris 
 (two years), Erastus Brooks (Apr., 1847-June, 1848), D. N. White (1848- 
 59), R. Errett & Co. (1859-60), S. Riddle & Co. (1861-66), Penniman, 
 Reed & Co. (May, 1866-Oct., 1870) ; by King, Reed & Co. till 187U. 
 Then consolidated with Commercial, as Commercial-Qasette, q. v. Fed- 
 eralist under Scull ; Whig, till 1855 ; then Republican. 
 
 National Glass Budget (w). 1902-1904 (incomp.). 1905+ F4. 
 
 Founded 1884, in Wheeling, W. Va., but soon moved to Pittsburg. 
 Advocated labor unions for first ten years ; then became Independent. 
 Owned since 1891 by George B. Times : edited by Frank M. Gessner, 1891- 
 1906 ; since then by Times. 
 
 Glass workee. 
 
 See Commoner and Glassworker. 
 
 Labob Herald (w). Jan. 23, 1886. 
 
 National Labob Tribune (w). 1903-1908. 2 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1873. Published by Davis & Armstrong, 1876-78; Arm- 
 strong, Telford & Co.. 1879-88 ; Thomas Telford, 1889-May, 1903 ; Joseph 
 Telford, May, 1903-Sept., 1909 ;. since then incorporated, and edited by 
 F. C. Harper. 
 
 Labob World (w). Jan., 1907+ F4. 
 
 Founded 1893 ; since 1899 issued by Labor World Pub. Co., John D. 
 Pringle, editor. 
 
 People's Monthly. Vols. 3-4. Mar., 1873-Feb., 1875. Ft. 
 
 Illustrated family paper, especially devoted to interests of working- 
 men ; established by Charles McKnight ; published after Feb., 1875, by 
 C. M. & J. P. Reed. 
 
 Pittsburg Post (d). Oct., 1905-June, 1906. 3 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1804 as weekly ; 1842, as daily. Published by James P. Barr 
 & Co., 1869-86 ; since then by Post Prtg. and Pub. Co. 
 
 Pittsburgh Recordeb (w). Vol. 1. Jan., 1822-Jan., 1823. Indexed. O. 
 Successor of Chillicothe, O., Recorder, q. v. ; edited by John Andrews ; 
 afterwards styled Presbyterian, Banner. Presbyterian. 
 
 Saint Andrew's Cross. 
 
 See same title, under Chicago, 111. 
 
 Socialist Standard (w). May, 1903-Mar., 1904. Fe ; Q. 
 
 Founded 1903. Published by executive committee of Natl. Socialist 
 Labor Party. 
 
 Alleghenier und Pittsburger Sonntaqsbote (w). Sept. 8, 1900. 
 
 [259] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Pittsburgh, Pa., continued: 
 
 Steam Shovelman's Bulletin (m). Sept., 1905. 
 Founded 1904. 
 
 Team Owners' Review (m). Vols. 3-8. 1904-1909. 6 v. Q. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Jan.. 1902, and since conducted by E. H. Helnrichs ; published 
 in interest of large transfer, trucking and express companies. 
 
 Teades Journal (w). Sept. 14, 1889; Sept. 24, Oct. 4, 1890. 
 
 Iron City Teades Journal (w) . 1909+ F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1908. Four "advance issues" preceded first regular 
 one, issued in Sept. Published by Central Trades Council of Pittsburg 
 till Jan., 1909; since then by Iron City Trades Journal Pub. Co. Edited 
 by Allan Cole until Sept. 11, 190S ; L. R. Thomas, Sept., 1908-Mar., 
 1909 ; Arthur E. Ireland, Mar.-June, 1909 ; since then by William J. 
 Kelly. 
 
 Pittston 
 
 Industrial Advocate (w). Dec. 26, 1903. 
 
 Pottsville 
 
 Workingman (w). June 19, Sept. 4, 1875. 
 
 Beading 
 
 Industrial People (w). 1876, 3 nos. 
 
 Union Sentinel (w). 1903, 4 nos.; Sept. 30, Oct. 1, 1905 (convention 
 nos.). 
 
 Scranton 
 
 Board or Trade Journal (m). Feb., 1905; Jan., 1906. 
 
 Labor Herald (w). Sept. 26, 1903. 
 
 Svoboda (w). May 25, 1905. 
 
 Truth (d). Dec. 1, 1893; Apr., June-Dec, 1896. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1884, by John E. Barrett and J. J. Jordan, and conducted by 
 them till 1901 or later; now published by Scranton Truth Pub. Co., and 
 edited by Barrett. Independent. 
 
 Towanda 
 
 Bradford Reporter (w). June, 1855-Dec., 1859 (incomp.). Fe. 
 
 Founded June, 1840, by E. S. Goodrich ;" styled Bradford Porter, in com- 
 pliment to Governor Porter ; changed to Bradford Reporter, Dec, 1843 ; 
 organ of Democrats for a time, then supported Free-Soil party, now is 
 Republican ; owned and edited by Goodrich till 1881 (except 1869-79, 
 leased by S. W. Alvord), by Marsh & Hitchcock, 1882-85, when united 
 with Towanda Journal, and styled Reporter-Journal. Since then pub- 
 
 [ 260 ] 
 
Pennsylvania 
 
 lished by Reporter-Journal Printing Co. Edited by H. F. Marsh till 
 about 1900 ; D. M. Turner, 1901-1909 ; since then by C. H. Turner and 
 W. G. Baker. 
 
 Warren 
 
 Warren Mail (w). May 13, 1865. 
 
 Washington 
 
 Democratic Eagle (w). June 28, 1828. 
 
 Repobteb (w). June 4, 1824. 
 
 With Ohio Monitor, 1818-21. Established August, 1808, by Wm. 
 Sample and Wm. B. Brown, and conducted by them till 1810 ; Wm. 
 Sample, 1810-1833; B. S. Stewart and G. W. Acheson, 1833-35; U. W. 
 Wise, 1836-39 ; John Bausman, 1839-56 ; James G. and R. F. Strean, 
 1856-59 ; consolidated with Commonwealth in 1858 under name of Re- 
 porter anil Commonwealth; in 1860, with Tribune as Reporter and Tri- 
 bune; thus published until Nov., 1863, by W. S. Moore, H. A. Purvianee 
 and James Armstrong. Purvianee, colonel of 85th Pennsylvania volun- 
 teers, was killed August 30, 1863, and publication continued by Moore 
 and Armstrong until 1867, dropping name of Tribune in 1866 ; Moore & 
 J. W. McWilliams, 1867-69 ; Moore & Jas. R. Kelley, 1869-73 ; Moore & 
 E. L. Christman, 1873-77 (daily established August 1876) ; Alexander M. 
 Gow and Christman, 1877-83 ; E. L. Christman, 1883-91 ; Christman 
 Pub. Co. 1891-1903, with Wm. Christman as editor and manager ; Ob- 
 server Pub. Co., 1903 to 1911, with E. F. Acheson as editor and John L. 
 Stewart as manager. The Reporter has on file every issue from 180S 
 to 1828, and from 1842 to 1911. 
 
 Same. Aug. 15, 1908. Centennial number. 
 
 Contains historical sketch. 
 
 West Chester 
 
 Village Recobd, and Register and Examiner (w). Oct., 1860-June, 1861; 
 Jan.-Nov., 1862. Fs. 
 
 Established June, 1809, by Dennis Whelen, under title of Chester ana 
 Delaware Federalist; styled Tillage Record after 1817 ; published by 
 Charles Miner (1817-34), Henry S. Evans (1834-72), then by Evans's 
 sons till 1895 ; S. Edward Paschall, 1895 ; H. C. Boyer, 1896 ; since then 
 by T. L. Eyrt>. Edited by James B. Fisher, 1897-1901, or later; now by 
 H. C. Gillingham ; successively Federalist, Whig, and Republican ; pub- 
 lished valuable articles on local history, in 1824 and 1858-61. 
 
 Same (s-w). June-Dec, 1861. F». 
 
 With Tillage Record. 
 
 West Greenville 
 
 Shenango Valley Times (w). Feb. 15, 1860. 
 
 Wilkesbarre 
 
 Industrial Gazette (w). Apr., 1905+ Q. 
 
 Founded 1901. Organ of Natl, and State Assn. of Builders' Ex- 
 changes. Conducted since 1905 by George S. Boyle. 
 
 [261] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Pennsylvania, continued: 
 
 York 
 
 Cartridge Box (w). Apr. 23, Dec. 24, 1864; Jan. 7, 1865. 
 Published at D. S. Army General Hospital. 
 
 Dispatch (d). Apr.-Dec., 1896. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1876 (w. 1864) by Hiram Young, and conducted by him until 
 about 1900 ; since then by Dispatch Pub. Co. Edited since 1900 by Ed- 
 ward S. Young. 
 
 Yorktown 
 
 Pennsylvania Gazette (w). Jan.-May, 1778. 6 nos. F*. 
 
 With Pennsylvania Gazette, 1778-80. Removed hither from Philadel- 
 phia, q. v., during the British occupation of that city. 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 Newport 
 
 Newport Herald. May 7, 1789. 
 
 With Boston Gazette, 1782-90. Established by Peter Edes (son of Ben- 
 jamin), Mar., 1787; a strong opponent of paper money. 
 
 Newport Mercury (w). Dec. 19, 1758. 
 
 With Boston Gazette, 1758-59. Founded 1758, by James Franklin Jr. ; 
 published by him till his death (1762) ; then by Samuel Hall (1762-68), 
 by Solomon Southwick (1768-87), by Henry Barber and his sons succes- 
 sively (1788-1850), by F. A. Pratt till 1872; by John P. Sanborn till 
 1896 ; since then edited by Sanborn, and published by Mercury Pub. Co. 
 
 Same. Nov. 16, 1767. 
 
 With Maryland Gazette, 1763-67. 
 
 Pawtucket 
 
 Pawtucket Gazette and Chronicle (w). Mar. 24, 1854; Oct. 3, 1890. 
 
 Providence 
 
 Rhode Island American (e-w). Jan. 18, 1825. 
 
 With Eastern Local Newspapers, 1821-28. Established Oct., 1808, by 
 David Hawkins and W. W. Dunham ; a strong Federalist organ ; published 
 by Hawkins till 1813, by William G. Goddard till Oct., 1825; then by 
 Francis Y. Carlile, who also bought out the Gazette; after various changes, 
 suspended in 1833. 
 
 Christian Telescope (w). Vols. 1-2. Aug., 1824-July, 1826. Indexed. Q. 
 Edited by David Pickering ; after July, 1826, styled Chr. Telescope and 
 Anti-Theocrat ; "edited by an association of gentlemen," and published hy 
 John S. Greene ; suspended, 1829. Universalist. 
 
 [262] 
 
Rhode Island-South Carolina 
 
 Providence Gazette (w). 1778-79. 26 nos. Fe. 
 
 First paper In Providence; founded 1762, by William Goddard; con- 
 tinued by his mother, Sarah Goddard, Oil 1769, by John Carter till 1814, 
 then by Hugh H. Brown ; Whig during Revolution, later Federalist ; 
 merged in R. I. American, Oct., 1825. 
 
 Jotjbnal of the Rhode Island Institute of Instruction (■-m). Vols. 1-3. 
 Nov., 1845-Jan., 1849. Indexed. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Providence Patriot (s-w). Jan., 1823-June, 1825. F<>. 
 
 Founded May, 1803, under the title of Providence Phenix (w) ; after 
 1815, styled Providence Patriot and Columbian Phenix; after 1818, issued 
 semi-weekly. Published by Josiah Jones, 1823-25 (in partnership with 
 Bennett H. Wheeler till May, 1824; with Eaton W. Maxcy, May, 1825; 
 then with William Simons) ; suspended, 1833. 
 
 People (w). Oct. 16, 1886. 
 
 United States Chronicle (w). 1792-93. 6 nos. F. 
 
 With N. B. Local Newspapers, 1791-98. Established Jan., 1784, by 
 Bennett Wheeler ; advocated adoption of Constitution ; suspended 1802. 
 
 Warren 
 
 Herald of the United States (w). Sept. 7, 1793. 
 
 With N. E. Local Newspapers, 1791-98. Founded Jan., 1792 ; published 
 by Nathaniel Phillips. 
 
 Westerly 
 
 Naebagansett Weekly. 1859, 4 nos. 
 
 South Carolina 
 
 Charleston 
 
 Charleston Courier (d). Vol. 1. June-Dec, 1803. Fs. July, 1839- 
 
 1842; July, 1843-June, 1844; July, 1845-1851; July, 1852-1853; 
 
 July, 1855-1856; July, 1857-June, 1858; 1864; 1865; June, 1866- 
 
 1868; July-Dec, 1869. 39 vols. F«. 
 
 Oldest daily in the Carolinas; established Jan., 1803, by Loring Andrews, 
 formerly of Albany (N. Y.) Centinel; sold by him in July to Benjamin B. 
 Smith and Stephen C. Carpenter. The former withdrew Jan., 1806, and 
 firm became Marchant, Willington & Co. (Peter T. Marchant, formerly or 
 B. O. Gazette, and Aaron S. Willington). Conducted by them till Apr., 
 1809 ; B. Morford, Willington & Co., till Jan., 1813 ; A. S. Willington till 
 Jan., 1833 ; Willington & Co., till Apr., 1873, except Feb.-Nov., 1865, 
 when published by Wliittemore & Johnson for the military authorities. 
 Edited by Richard Yeadon Jr., 1833-44 ; Alexander Carroll, Henry M. 
 Cushman, William B. Carlisle, Augustus O. Andrews and others, 1844-65 ; 
 Capt. Thomas Y. Simons, Nov., 1865-1873. In Apr., 1873, merged in 
 News, and styled News and Courier. Published by Riordan & Dawson, 
 1873-82 ; since then by News & Courier Co. Dawson continued as editor 
 till his death in 1889 ; then edited by James C. Hemphill, 1889-Feb., 
 
 [263] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Charleston, S. C, continued: 
 
 1910 ; since then by Robert Latham. Historical sketch in News and 
 Courier Centennial Edition, 1903. 
 
 Gazette of the State of South Carolina (s-w). Oct-Dec, 1777, 3 nos.; 
 1783-84, 7 nos. Fs. 
 With 8. C. Gazette, 1774 ; 1783 ; 1784. 
 
 Same. Jan. — Sept., 1785, 17 nos. Fs. 
 
 A revival of 8. C. Gazette, q. v. ; established by Peter Timothy, Apr., 
 1777 ; burned out Jan., 1778, and suspended till June ; then published by 
 Timothy and Nicholas Boden till suspended in 1780, on the surrender of 
 Charleston to the British ; revived by Timothy's widow, Anne S.. July, 
 1783, and published by her till her death, 1792 ; styled State Gazette of 8. 
 Carolina, q. v., after Mar., 1785. "This, like the other Charleston papers, 
 was styled Gazette, in order to secure certain advertisements directed by 
 law to be inserted in the South Carolina Gazette." — Isaiah Thomas, 
 History of Printing. 
 
 Carolina Gazette (w). 1798-1800. Partly indexed. Fs. 
 
 Published by Freneau & Paine, in connection with the daily City 
 Gazette. 
 
 City Gazette, or Daily Advertiser. July-Oct., 1791; Feb.-Sept, 1792, 
 15 nos.; Sept.-Nov., 1794, 12 nos.; 1795-Apr., 1796. 6 v. Fs. 
 Aug.-Dec, 1796; 1797 (incomp.) ; Jan-July, 1798; 1802-4, 66 nos.; 
 July-Dee., 1806. 6 v. Fs. 1822-June, 1826. 9 v. Jan.-June, 
 1827; Jan.-June, 1828; 1829. 4 v. 
 
 Continuation of South Carolina Weekly Gazette, q. v. ; published by 
 Markland & Mclver, 1788-94 ; Peter Freneau and Seth Paine (1795-1801) ; 
 Freneau & Williams (1802-03) ; Freneau alone till some time in 1806 
 (during this time styled City Gazette) ; Elliott & Richards, till 1808 ; 
 Freneau & Co., 1808-10 ; owned and edited by E. S. Thomas (nephew of 
 Isaiah) during 1810-15 ; edited 1829-32 by W. Gilmore Slmms ; after 
 various subsequent changes, sold to Charleston Courier, q. v., an influ- 
 ential Republican organ. 
 
 Same. 1788-89, 6 nos. 
 
 With Gazette of State of 8. C, 1785. 
 
 Royal South Carolina Gazette. May 17, 1781. 
 
 With 8. C. Gazette, 1783. Published by Robertson, Macdonald, a * 
 Cameron, apparently under British direction. 
 
 South Carolina Gazette (w). May-Dec, 1735; Mar.-Apr., 1752; 1753, 
 21 nos. 3 v. F. May-Sept, 1754 (incomp.). F4. Sept-Dec, 
 1755. Fs. 1756; Jan.-Aug., 1757. 2 v. F. June-Nov., 1758; 
 Feb.-Dec, 1759; 1760; 1761-65, 8 nos. 4 v. Fs. 
 
 First successful paper in the Carolinas. Established Feb., 1734, by 
 Lewis Timothy; after his death (1738), conducted by his widow, Eliza- 
 beth Timothy, for about six years, but printed by their son Peter ; there- 
 after conducted by him till May, 1772, when he leased it to Powell, 
 Hughes & Co., of which firm he was an inactive member. In Nov., 1773, 
 he resumed control, but suspended his paper in 1775, being occupied with 
 
 [264] 
 
South Carolina 
 
 duties as a Revolutionary leader. Publication was resumed In 1777, under 
 title Gazette of State of South Carolina, q. v. 
 
 South Carolina and American General Gazette (w). July 3, 1765; 
 1775-80, 15 nos. Ft. 
 
 With S. O. Gazette, 1761-65 ; 1774. Established 1758, by Robert Wells ; 
 published by him till 1775, then by his son John; suspended 1780, when 
 Charleston was captured by the British. 
 
 South Carolina Gazette and Country Journal (w). May-Dec, 1766; 
 1767; 1768-69, 3 nos.; 1774-75, 10 nos. 3 v. Fb. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1765, by Charles Crouch, especially to oppose the Stamp 
 Act; published by him till his death (1775), then by his widow ; suspended 
 soon after. See Salem (Mass.) Gazette. 
 
 South Carolina Gazette and General Advertiser (s-w). Mar -Dec, 
 
 1783, 40 nos. Fb. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1783, by John Miller ; issued semi-weekly during 1783, 
 then tri-weekly ; daily, Dec, 1784. Sold a year or two later to State 
 Gazette of South Carolina, q. v. 
 
 Same (tri-w). Jan.-May, 1784, 20 nos. Fb. 
 
 South Carolina State Gazette and Daily Advertiser. Dec., 1784, 20 
 nos. Fb. 
 
 With S. C. State Gazette and Genl. Advertiser, 1784. Daily edition of 
 Miller's S. C. Gazette; first daily In S. Carolina. See City Gazette. 
 
 South Carolina Weekly Gazette. Oct. 18, 1783. 
 
 With S. C. Gazette, 1783. Founded Feb., 1783. Published by Nathan 
 Childs till Mar., 1784 ; then by Childs and Robert Bruce (Nathan Childs & 
 Co.) till Mar., 1785; Childs, Mclver & Co., till Jan., 1786, when Bruce 
 retired and R. Haswell entered the firm ; in 1787 or 1788 the firm became 
 Markland & Mclver. Styled South Carolina Gazette and Public Advertiser, 
 Mar., 1784 ; Charleston Morning Post and Daily Advertiser, Jan., 1786 ; 
 dtp Gazette, or Daily Advertiser, q. v., 1787 or 1788. 
 
 State Gazette of South Carolina (s-w). Mar .-Aug., 1785, 8 nos. Fb. 
 With Gazette of State of S. C, q. v. After Anne Timothy's death 
 (1792), published by her son Benjamin F. (with William Mason Jr., 
 till 1798; then with his nephew, Peter T. Marchant), under the title of 
 S. C. State Gazette and Timothy and Mason's Daily Advertiser ; Feder- 
 alist; suspended 1802. 
 
 Columbian Herald, or New Daily Advertiser. Oct. 19, 1795; Aug. 19, 
 1796. 
 
 With City Gazette, 1795 ; 1796. Published by William Primrose Harri- 
 son & Co. ; numbering would indicate that this is a revival of old Herald 
 (about July, 1794), and issued daily about Oct., 1795; published several 
 years by Harrison (see Cardozo, Reminiscences of Charleston). 
 
 Columbian Herald, or Southern Star (tri-w). Sept. 19, 1793. 
 
 With City Gazette, 1792-94. Printed by Harrison & Bowen ; edited by 
 J. Carey; discontinued with this number (No. 1186), owing to lack of 
 support. Founded Nov., 1784, by T. B. Bowen and John Markland. Con- 
 ducted bv Bowen with various partners till Sept., 1793, when notice was 
 
 [ 265 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Ohaeleston, S. C, continued: 
 
 given of discontinuance. Apparently continued or revived as Columbian 
 Herald or New Daily Advertiser, q. v., by William P. Harrison & Co. Con- 
 tinued as late as 1796. Styled Columbian Herald or Patriotic Courier of 
 North America for first five or six years. 
 
 Southern Litebaby Gazette (w). Jan.-Feb., 1852. Q. 
 
 Published from office of Southern Quarterly Review; founded and edited 
 by William C. Richards. 
 
 Charleston Mebctjby (d). May 25, 1825; 1828, 3 nos.; 1848-65, scat, 
 nos. F«. 
 
 With Southern and Western Newspapers, 1821-28. Established 1822, by 
 Edmund Morford (formerly one of the owners of the Courier) ; afterward 
 published by Henry L. Pinckney ; owned by Barnwell Khett, 1852-61 ; sus- 
 pended after capture of city by Federal troops. Chief organ of Nullifica- 
 tion party, and later of Secessionists. Revived by R. B. Rhett, but finally 
 suspended Mar., 1869. 
 
 Charleston Daily News. 1866, 9 nos. FX 
 
 With Courier for June-Oct., 1866. Founded Aug., 1865, by GeoTge R. 
 Cathcart, James W. McMillan and Mandred Morton. Cathcart withdrew 
 Oct., 1867, and in the same month the paper was sold to B. R. Riordan, 
 Frances R. Dawson and Henry Evans, by whom it was conducted till 
 1873, when they bought the Courier, q. v. 
 
 News and Courier (d). Jan.-June, 1885; 1886-June, 1892; 1896-1909. 
 29 v. F«. 1910+ 
 See Charleston Courier and Charleston Daily News. 
 
 Daily South Carolinian. July 25, 1866 (with Cowrier, July 4, 1866); 
 Oct. 11, 1866 (with Courier, Oct. 9 1866); Feb. 13, Apt 1 . 12, 1866. 
 
 Sunday Visitant, or Weekly Repository of Christian Knowledge. Apr., 
 1818-Mar., 1819. Q. 
 Established Jan., 1818, "by A. Fowler, A. M." 
 
 Columbia 
 
 Cotjbant; a Southern Literary Journal (w). Vol. 1. May-Nov., 1859. 
 F*. 
 
 Published by William W. Walker & Co. ; edited by Howard H. Caldwell. 
 
 Illustrated Family Friend (w). Nov. 8, 1851. 
 
 With Southern and Middle Newspapers, 1851-60. Published by &'. A. 
 Godman and J. S. Lyons ; first number. 
 
 Daily Register. Sept-Dec, 1895. F«. 
 
 Founded in 1875, as weekly ; daily edition in 1878. Conducted by C. P. 
 Pelham till 1879. Edited by James A. Hoyt, 1879-80 ; John W. R. Pope, 
 1880-36; then by Charles A. Calvo Jr. (publisher since 1880), till 1898, 
 when Thomas Addison succeeded him for a short time. No later mention 
 in directories. 
 
 [266] 
 
South Carolina-South Dakota 
 
 South Carolinian (d). 1839-41, 10 nos. F«. 
 Southern Guardian (d). 1862, 9 nos. F«. 
 
 Greenville 
 
 Greenville Enterprise (w). Aug., 1871-Nov., 1878 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Established 1824 ; styled Southern Enterprise, 1870 ; Enterprise and 
 Mountaineer, June 1873-1893 ; then Mountaineer. This volume contains 
 a series of articles "Reminiscences of Public Men," by Ex-Gov. B. F. 
 Perry ; some of these articles (with additions) were republished in book 
 form, with the above title, 1883. Conducted by John C. Bailey, 1870 
 (or before) — 1891 (part of time with E. Bailey, and G. F. Townes) ; by 
 James A. Hoyt, 1892-1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Morris Island 
 
 Swamp Angel. May 24, 1864. 
 
 Published "semi-occasionally" by Federal soldiers in garrison at Morris 
 Island, Charleston harbor. 
 
 Pendleton Court House 
 
 Pendleton Messenger (w). Mar., 1807-Dec, 1808. P. Feb., 1810-Jan., 
 1811. F4. May, 1813-Mar., 1814; Sept., 1820-Apr., 1821; Aug., 
 1821-June, 1823; Mar., Nov., 1843. 4 v. F<s. First two vols, un- 
 der title Miller's Weekly Messenger. 
 
 Founded 1807, by J. Miller & Son. J. Miller Sr., died In Dec., 1807, and 
 his son John continued the publication till 1823 or later. Published in 
 1843 by F. H. Symmes and J. W. Bridwell. 
 
 Port Royal 
 
 New South (w). Aug. 29, 1863. 
 
 South Dakota 
 
 Aberdeen 
 
 Star (m). Dec, 1893; Jan., 1894. 
 
 With Miscellaneous Labor Papers, 1891-1900, v. 1. Founded 1881. 
 Published by Star Prtg. Co. and edited by W. E. Kidd till 1897. No later 
 mention in directories. Farmer's Alliance; later Populist. 
 
 Brookings 
 
 Syd Dakota Ekko (w). Norwegian. Oct., 1895-Mar., 1897; Mar., 1897- 
 1905. 5 v. F«. Jan.-Aug., 1906. 
 
 Founded 1889 at Sioux Falls. Published by Scandinavian Pub. Co., 
 1891-1901. Edited by G. Bie Bavndal, 1891-1900; O. C. Stuart, 1901; 
 H. A. Ustrud, Aug., 1901-Feb., 1902 ; Wollert Hildahl, Feb., 1902-1905. 
 
 [267] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 South Dakota, continued: 
 
 Central City (Black Hills) 
 Register (w). May 24, 1905. 
 
 Greenwood (Yankton Agency) 
 
 Iapi Oaye (m). May, 1871-Dec, 1877; Sept., 1883-May, 1884. BV 
 
 Published in English and Dakotan, by missionaries to Indians. Re- 
 moved to Santee Agency, Nebr., Dec, 1876. 
 
 Huron 
 
 Congbegationaiist (m). Aug., 1907-May, 1910. O. 
 
 Founded 1907 by S'outh Dakota Congregational Conference. Among 
 editors have been Rev. W. H. Thrall and Rev. S. J. Beach. 
 
 Dakota Rubaijst (w). Vols. 6-7; May, 1893-May, 1894. F4. 
 
 Founded 1887 by the Alliance Pub. Co. Edited by L. B. Cummings, 
 1891-92 ; H. L. Loucks, 1893-94. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Sioux Falls 
 Syd Dakota Ekko. 
 
 See same title, under Brookings. 
 
 Feemad (w). Norwegian-Danish. Aug., 1898-1908. 5 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 Founded 1894 by Olav Kringen; since 1896 published by Fremad Pub. 
 Co. and edited by J. F. Strass. 
 
 Yankton 
 
 Union and Dakotian (w). 1869, 4 nos.; 1870, 2 nos. F«. 
 
 Yankton Press (w). Mar. 15, 1871. 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 Athens 
 
 Athens Post (w). June, 1854-Oct, 1858. Fa. 
 
 Founded at Knoxville, 1841, by James Williams ; Whig ; removed to 
 Athens; edited by Samuel P. Ivins, 1854-87; J. J. Ivins, 1888-90; Ivins 
 and W. C. Davis, 1891-93 ; Davis, 1894-95 ; Ivins, 1896-1900 ; J. B. Stern, 
 1901. Now owned by E. N. Spearman, and edited by Phil Moore. Demo- 
 cratic. 
 
 Brownsville 
 
 Independent Amebican (w). Dec. 20, 1860. 
 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. Founded 1860 ; published by 
 W. C. Bruce Jr. This number contains editorial opposing dis-union, and 
 denying South Carolina's right to speak (or other Southern states. 
 
 [268] 
 
Tennessee 
 
 Chattanooga 
 
 Chattanooga Gazette (d). Mar.-Oct., 1864, 12 nos. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1864. Published (Mar.-Oct.) by James E. Hood. Republican. 
 
 Laboe Monitor (w). Nov. 20, Dec. 18, 1903. 
 
 Chattanooga Rebel (d). Aug. 9, 1862; July 24, 1863. 
 
 Founded 1862. Published (Aug., 1862-July, 1863) by Franc M. Paul. 
 
 Tradesman (s-m). May-Dec, 1893: F4. 1894; 1895; 1899-1901. 8 v. Q. 
 Established 1879 by Adolph S. Ochs, publisher of Chattanooga Times; 
 edited by J. E. MacGowan till 1895. Since 1896 published by Tradesman 
 Pub. Co. 
 
 Clarksville 
 
 Clarksville Jeffeesonian (w). Apr. 25, 1860. 
 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. Founded about 1842 ; pub- 
 lished by Charles O. Faxon, 1860. 
 
 Recobdeb (w). Dec. 15, 1814. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Founded Sept., 
 1814, by George Crutche. 
 
 Columbia 
 
 Seventh Brigade Journal (w). Apr. 8, 1862. 
 
 "Published by printers of Seventh Brigade, Army of the Ohio ; foreman, 
 Thomas Bryant, 1st Wis. Regiment." 
 
 Western Chronicle (w). Nov. 17, 1810. 
 
 With Western World, Frankfort, Ky., etc., 1804-10. First number is- 
 sued. Published by Eastin & Walker. 
 
 Harriman 
 
 Citizen (w). Aug. 3-Nov., 1904. F*. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1903. Prohibition organ, edited by James A. Tate till 
 Feb., 1904 ; then by W. P. F. Ferguson till Nov., when he became owner 
 also. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Humboldt 
 
 Soldier's Budget (w). July-Sept, 1862, 6 nos. Fs. 
 
 "Published by the printers of the 12th Regiment, Wis. Volunteers." 
 
 Jackson 
 
 Jackson Gazette (w). Vols. 1-2, 5-7. May, 1824-May, 1826; June, 
 1828-30. 2 v. F6. 
 
 Successor of Pioneer; published by Charles D. M'Lean, and edited by 
 E. Bigelow till Oct., 1825, then sold to Richardson & Reed; afterwards 
 resumed by M'Lean. 
 
 r oco i 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Tennessee, continued: 
 
 Jonesboro 
 
 Jonesborough Whig and Independent Journal (w). Nov. 24, 1847; 
 July 5, 1848. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841-49. Published by W. G. 
 ("Fighting Parson") Brownlow; removed to Knoxville, q. v., 1849. 
 
 Knoxville 
 
 Beownlow's Knoxville Whig (w). 1851-52, 7 nos.; Apr. 27, 1861. F». 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. Established at Elizabeth- 
 ton, 1839, by W. G. Brownlow, under the title of Brownlow's Tennessee 
 Whig; removed to Jonesboro (1840), and to Knoxville (1849) ; noted for 
 the virulence of its political and personal controversies ; said to have had 
 a circulation of 10,000 in 1855 ; published tri-weekly in 1868 ; daily edition 
 began, 1869 ; published by Brownlow till 1869 ; then by Joseph A. Mabrey 
 & Co. (C. W. Charlton, editor) ; united with Register about 1871, under 
 R. S. Saunders and I. S. Clark ; suspended the following year. Revived 
 about 1875, by Brownlow and William Rule (of Daily Chronicle) as weekly 
 edition of Chronicle (established 1870) ; continued by them four or Ave 
 years ; by Rule alone 1879-82 ; by George M. Drake (under title Republi- 
 can Chronicle) two or three years ; suspended about 1886. See Jones- 
 borough Whig. 
 
 Beownlow's Knoxville Whig and Rebel Ventilator (w). Nov. 11, 1863- 
 Apr., 1865. Fs. 
 
 Knoxville Weekly Tribune. Apr., 1884-Apr., 1886. F«. 
 
 Claims to be oldest paper in Tennessee and to have been founded in 
 1816, referring probably to Knowville Register (established in 1816 by 
 P. S. Heiskill and Hu. Brown; an influential Whig organ till 1859, then 
 Democratic ; after many changes in name and ownership, suspended 1863). 
 Established 1876 (d and w) by Fleming & McKinney as successor of Press 
 and Herald (d; founded 1867 by Ramage & Co.) ; in 1877 absorbed Age 
 (d and w ; established 1875 ; edited by C. W. Charlton) ; after this union, 
 published by Tribune Pub. Co., three years ; Frank A. Moss & Co., 1880-81 ; 
 Joseph H. Bean, James W. Wallace and Alexander Summers, 1882-88 ; 
 Tribune Pub. Co. (edited by Summers) till 1894. Thereafter published 
 by J. B. Pound and edited by W. C. Tatom, 1895-97; then merged with 
 Journal, and since published as Journal-Tribune, edited by William Rule. 
 Democratic. 
 
 Manchester 
 
 True Patriot (s-w). April 11, 1863. 
 
 Published by Rees Jones, edited by P. C. Isbell ; advocated Secession. 
 
 Memphis 
 
 Memphis Daily Appeal. Oct.-Dec, 1870'; Jan.-Mar., 1872; Jan.-Mar., 
 1873. 3 v. Ft. Apr .-June, 1874. F». Oct-Dec, 1875; July- 
 Sept, 1876. 2 v. Ft. July, 1877-Sept, 1878; Apr.-Sept., 1879. 
 7 v. Fb. Oct-Dec., 1879 1 ; Apr.-June, 1880; Oct., 1881-June, 1882; 
 
 [270] 
 
Tennessee 
 
 Jan.-Sept., 1883; Apr-June, 1884; 1885. 12 v. F». Jan.-Mar., 
 1886. Fs. 
 
 Established by Solon Borland, Jan., 1839, under title of Western World 
 and Memphis Banner of the Constitution; sold by him to Henry Van Pelt 
 in fall of 1840; styled Memphis Weekly Appeal, Apr., 1841. Conducted 
 by Van Pelt till May, 1847 ; S. T. Sewell and W. N. Stanton, a few months ; 
 by J. W. Hampton and R. V. Richardson, till July, 1848; resumed by 
 Van Pelt till his death, Apr., 1851 (in partnership with R. M. Anderson, 
 July, 1848-Feb., 1849; with John McClanahan, Mar., 1849-Apr., 1851; 
 and with William M. Hutton, Jan.-Apr., 1851). Conducted by McClana- 
 han Apr., 1851-June, 1862 (in partnership with Leonidas Trousdale, 
 1852-60 ; and with Benjamin F. Dill after 1852) ; on capture of Memphis 
 (June, 1862) removed successively to Grenada, Miss., Montgomery, Ala., 
 Atlanta and Columbus, Ga. ; after capture of Atlanta, seized by Federal 
 troops at Columbus, materials destroyed, and editor Dill put under bonds 
 not to issue paper again until close of war. Revived by Dill in 1865, 
 and conducted by him till his death in Oct., following ; by his widow, three 
 months ; by J. S. C. Hogan, Albert Pike and John Ainslie, Feb., 1867 — 
 Aug., 1868; by Ainslie and J. M. Keating, one year; by Keating and R. 
 F. English, Oct., 1869-Dec., 1870; by Memphis Appeal Co., 1871-75; 
 by Keating and M. C. Gallaway, 1876-Apr., 1887; by W. A. Collier and 
 others, 1889-93. Absorbed Avalanche, Nov., 1890, and was thereafter 
 styled Appeal-Avalanche ; merged in Commercial (founded 1890), June, 
 1894 ; since styled Commercial Appeal and published by the Commercial 
 Pub. Co. Tri-weekly edition began Sept., 1847; daily, Sept., 1849. For 
 many years one of the most influential journals in the South, especially 
 under Van Pelt; edited by him 1840-May, 1847, and July, 1848-Apr., 
 1851; by McClanahan & Dill, 1851-62; by Albert Pike, 1867-68; by J. 
 M. Keating, 1868-88; by M. C. Gallaway, 1871-87; and by G. C. Mat- 
 thews, 1890-93. 
 
 Memphis Daily Avalanche. Aug., 1859-Jan., 1860. F?. Sept.-Dec, 
 1866. F". 
 
 Memphis Weekly Avalanche. Feb., 1859— Dec., 1860. F». 
 
 Established (d and w) Jan., 1858, by M. C. Gallaway, afterwards post- 
 master of Memphis; conducted by him till Apr., 1862; when Federal 
 troops entered the city that year, they compelled Avalanche to drop its 
 title owing to its extreme Secessionist policy, so it was styled Bulletin. 
 After the war ceased, Gallaway returned to Memphis and resumed Ava- 
 lanche, Jan., 1866; conducted by him (1866-70), by A. J. Kellar (1870- 
 79), by James Phelan after 1884; edited by F. S. Nichols (1878-84), by 
 A. B. Pickett after 1886 ; merged in Appeal, q. v., Nov., 1890. 
 
 Memphis Eagle and Enquirer (d). Sept. 26, 1852. 
 
 Enquirer founded Mar., 1836, by F. S. Latham ; edited by him (1836- 
 41) Jesse H. McMahon (1838-48, and 1850-51), and R. J. Yancey (1848- 
 50) ; daily edition began, 1847 ; Whig in politics ; merged in Eagle, Dec, 
 1851. Eagle founded Jan., 1842, by Latham at Fort Pickering; soon re- 
 moved to Memphis ; daily edition, begun 1842, was first daily in Memphis ; 
 Whig organ; edited by Latham (till 1850), Jesse McMahon (1850-54), 
 J. P. Pryor (1854-57), and Solon Borland (1859-61) ; merged in Ava- 
 lanche, 1861. 
 
 United Labob Journal (w). Dec. 12, 19, 1903. 
 
 T 271 1 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Tennessee, continued: 
 
 Nashville 
 
 Nashville Amebican. June, 1910. Anniversary edition. 
 
 Republican Banneb and Nashville Whig (d). Aug. 7, 1852. 
 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. Founded Aug., 1837, by S. 
 Nye and Allen A. Hall, as successor of RepnbMctm; published by them till 
 1841, then by W. F. Bang & Co. ; edited by Felix K. Zolllcoffer (1842-13 
 and 1851-53), William Wales (1847-51), William H. Smith (1851-56), T. 
 W. Beaumont (1858-60), and Henry Watterson (1865-68) ; united with 
 Union and American (founded 1835 ; published by J. O. Griffith & Co., 
 1868-72) Sept., 1875, and styled American; since this union, Democratic. 
 About 1846 absorbed Nashville Whig (established June, 1838, by C. C. 
 Norvell and R. B. McKennie). , 
 
 Bulletin (m). Vols. 2-13. Sept., 1897-1909. 4 v. Q. 1908+ 
 
 Founded 1894. Official organ of Concatenated Order of Hoo Hoo. 
 Edited by J. H. Baird. 
 
 Chbistian Advocate (w). Vol. 45, 1885; Vol. 54, 1893; Vols. 56-63, 1895- 
 1902; Vols. 65-66, 1904-May, 1905. 12 v. Fs. Vols. 87-70, 
 June, 1905-1909. Q. Also 1887-90; 1892; 1904; incomp. 
 
 Founded 1836. Edited by T. O. Summers, 1870-78; Bev. O. P. Fitz- 
 gerald, 1879-90 ; Bev. E. E. Hoss, 1891-June, 1902 ; since then by G. B. 
 Winton. Methodist Episcopal. 
 
 South "Western Chbistian Advocate (w). Feb. 6, 1841. 
 
 Coopeb's International Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Cleveland, O. 
 
 Nashville Examinee (w). June 8, 1814. 
 
 With Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. Published by 
 J. E. Ruble & Co. ; founded in 1811. 
 
 Nashville Gazette (d). Aug. 13, 1852. 
 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. Third paper of this name in 
 Nashville ; established 1844, by James Thompson and E. R. Glasscock ; 
 edited by William H. Smith (1845-50), James D. Maney (1851-54), 
 Henry Maney (1854-56), and James E. Bruce (1856-62) ; Independent; 
 suspended when city was occupied by federal troops, 1862. 
 
 Labob Advocate (w). Mar., 1908+ F 6 . 
 
 Founded 1901. Published by Labor Advocate Pub. Co. since 1908; 
 edited by Albert E. Hill. 
 
 Daily Evening News. Oct. 14*. 1853. 
 
 With Western Local Newspapers, 1851-60. Established 1851 by M. S. 
 Combs ; edited by James R. Bruce, 1852-55 ; Independent ; suspended Aug., 
 1855. 
 
 Nashville Patriot (d). May 11, 1861. 
 Nashville Pbess (d). May 10, 1863; June 22, 1864. 
 
 [272] 
 
Tennessee-Texas 
 
 Nashville Republican (w). Apr. 16, 1825. 
 
 With Southern and Western newspapers, 1821-28. Established 1824 by 
 Abram P. Maury and Carey A. Harris, as successor of Clarion; published 
 by them till 1826, by Allen A. Hall (1826-34), and by S. Nye (1834-37) ; 
 edited under Nye by Washington Barrow ; merged in Republican Banner 
 (<J), 1. v., 1837. Clarion was first paper in Nashville; founded 1787, 
 Henkle. under title of Tennessee Gazette and Mero District Adver- 
 tiser; sold by him (1798) to Benjamin J. Bradford, who styled it Clarion; 
 soon after, purchased by Thomas G. Bradford. Absorbed Tennessee Ga- 
 zette (second paper of that name) probably Sept., 1820; published then by 
 John H. Wilkins and Thomas H. McKeen ; afterwards by T. G. Bradford, 
 also by Darby & Van Pelt, till succeeded by Republican. 
 
 Nashville Union (d). Feb. 3, 1864; Apr. 14, 1865. 
 Nashville Whig (tri-w). Oct. 19, 1844. 
 Nashville True Whig (w). Dec. 6, 1850. 
 
 Buskin 
 
 Coming Nation. 
 
 See same title, under Greensburg, Ina. 
 
 Ruskin Repobteb (m). Vol. 1. Nos. 1-7. Dec., 1896-June, 1897. O. 
 Bulletin of Ruskin Co-op. Assn. 
 
 Texas 
 
 Tennessee City 
 
 Coming Nation. 
 
 See same title, under Greensburg, Ind. 
 
 Alba 
 
 Vanguabd (w). Aug. 13, 1904; 1905, 5 nos. F«. 
 
 Austin 
 
 Southwestern American (w). Apr. 13, May 11, June 8, 1853. 
 
 With Southern and Middle Newspapers, 1851-60. Established 1849; 
 John S. Ford, publisher ; Democratic. 
 
 Belton 
 
 Helton Journal (w). Oct., 1877-Apr., 1882. F 8 . 
 
 Founded 1867 by J. H. Davenport and A. K. Ramsey ; conducted by 
 Davenport till 1873 ; J. G. Batte, 1874-82 ; Hunter & Robinson, 1883-89 ; 
 George Robinson, 1890-98. In 1898 merged with Journal, and styled 
 Journal-Reporter, Robinson remaining proprietor. Now published by C. H. 
 and E. C. Wedemeyer. Democratic. 
 
 18— N. c. [ 273 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Texas, continued: 
 
 Bonliam 
 
 Farmers' Review (w). 1900, 5 nos.; Feb. 28, 1901. F*. 
 
 Social Economist (w). Feb.-May, 1899; 1901-1902, scat. nos. F4. 
 EemoTed hither, Feb., 1899, from San Antonio, q. v. 
 
 Columbus 
 
 Colorado Citizen (w). Jan. 30, 1858. 
 
 With Southern and Middle Newspapers, 1851-60. Founded 1857 by J. D. 
 Baker & Bros. ; published by Benjamin M. Baker, 1868-1901 or later ; now 
 owned by Irvin G. Stafford. Independent; now Democratic. 
 
 Corpus Christi 
 
 Corpus Christi Gazette (w). Feb. 12, 1846. 
 
 Dallas 
 
 Co-operative Commonwealth (m). Vol. 1. Jan., 1895. 
 
 National Co-operator and Farm Journal and Southern Mercury (w). 
 
 Jan., 1908-July, 1909. F«-4. 
 
 Founded 1879. Published by Farmers' Educational and Co-op. Union, 
 and edited by O. H. Pyle, Mar., 1908 ; then bought by Aaron Smith and 
 A. S. Sweet, and conducted by them till July, 1909. No later mention in 
 directories. Moved to Fort Worth in Apr. 
 
 Texas Farm and Ranch (w). Vols. 13-14. 1894-95. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Founded 1881 by H. C. & J. P. Jones, and conducted by them till 1884, 
 as Texas Farmer and Planter. In 1886 styled Texas Farm and Ranch, 
 published by G. A. Coulson ; by F. P. Holland and Wm. A. L. Knox, 1887- 
 99. Now styled Farm and Ranch; published by Texas Farm and Ranch Co. 
 
 Laborer (w). Aug., 1908. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1904, by George C. Edwards, and since edited by him. 
 Organ of Dallas Central Labor Council and of Socialist Party. Incorpor- 
 ated, Nov., 1909. 
 
 Southern Mercury (w). 1894-95 (incomp.). Nov., 1895-99. 4 V. F*. 
 1900-1901 (incomp.). 
 
 Founded 1881 by E. G. Rust and conducted by him till 1888 ; published 
 by Farmers' State Alliance, 1889-96 ; since then by Southern Mercury Co. 
 Edited by Samuel H. Dixon, 1890-92 ; Milton Park, 1893-1901. Later 
 merged with National Co-operator, q. v. 
 
 Ft. Worth 
 
 National Co-operator and Farm Journal. 
 
 See same title, under Dallas. 
 
 Galveston 
 
 Semi Weekly Creole. June 10, 1854. 
 
 [274] 
 
Texas 
 
 Weekly Journal. Jan. 28, 1853. 
 
 Established about 1850; Carter, Cherry & Co., publishers. 
 
 Galveston Weekly News. Mar. 5, 1861. 
 
 Pounded (d and tri-w) 1842, by Cherry and Dunn ; weekly edition began 
 in 1844; Independent; conducted by Willard Richardson (1845-75), since 
 then by A. H. Belo & Co. ; has bad a branch at Dallas since 1885. All of 
 the foregoing .Galveston papers are with Southern and Middle Newspapers, 
 1851-60. 
 
 True Delta (w). Jan. 22, 1853; May 2, 1857. 
 
 Grand Saline 
 
 Vanguabd. 
 
 See same title, under Alba. 
 
 Houston 
 
 Texas Democrat (w). June 26, 1863. 
 
 Tri-Weekly Telegraph. Oct., 1862-May, 1863; May-Nov., 1863, scat. 
 
 nos. F<>. 
 
 First permanent newspaper in Texas ; established Oct., 1835, at San 
 Felipe, by Thomas H. and Gail Borden ; removed to Harrisburg on the 
 approach of Santa Anna's army, and soon after to Columbia (1836) ; when 
 state government was transferred to Houston, Telegraph was removed 
 thither ; Conservative in politics ; sold to Francis Moore and one Cruger, 
 1837 ; published by them till 1857, by E. H. Cushing (1862), C. C. Gillespie 
 (1866), W. G. Webb (1868-72), and A. C. Gray (1874-77) ; then suc- 
 ceeded by Telegram (d and w) ; W. T. Hardenbrook, manager; suspended 
 1882 ; for many years leading paper in Texas, especially during Revolution. 
 
 Marshall 
 
 Texas Republican (w). Feb. 11, 1859. 
 
 With Southern and Middle Newspapers, 1851-60. Established about 
 Sept., 1849 ; R. W. Loughrey, publisher ; conducted by him till its suspen- 
 sion, about 1869 ; a Conservative organ. 
 
 Matamoras 
 
 American Flag (s-w). Aug. 28, 1847. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841—49. Published by I. N. 
 Fleeson and J. R. Palmer ; followed Taylor's army from town to town 
 during Mexican War. 
 
 San Antonio 
 
 San Antonio Labor (w). Jan. 6, 1894; Jan. 11, 1896. 
 
 Social Economist (w). Jan. 13, 1899. 
 
 Founded 1898. Published by W. E. Farmer, 1899-1902 (with S. J. 
 Hampton, 1901-1902). Removed to Bonham, Feb., 1899. No later data 
 obtainable. 
 
 [275] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Utah 
 
 Salt Lake City 
 
 Deseret Farmer (w). Nov., 1904 -f- F. 
 
 Founded 1904 ; published by Deseret Farmer Pub. Co. ; edited by Lewis 
 A. Merrill. Organ of various agricultural and dairy associations. 
 
 Salt Lake Herald (s-w). Apr. 28, 1895 (Labor edition); July 28, 1895. 
 1896-98. 3 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1870 by Caine, Sloan & Dunbar, and conducted by them till 
 1875 ; Herald Prtg. Co. till 1901 or later. Edited by B. H. Roberts, 1891- 
 92 ; C. H. Penrose, 1893-96 ; Alfale Young, 1897-99. Now styled Herald- 
 Republican,; published by Herald-Republican Co: 
 
 Improvement Era (m). Vol. 1. Nov., Dec, 1897; Vol. 4. Apr.-Oct, 
 1901; Vol. 5. Aug., Sept., 1902; Vols. 7-14. Nov., 1903-1910. O. 
 1911+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1897, as organ of Priesthood Quorums and Young Men's 
 Mutual Improvement associations of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- 
 day Saints. Publishes religious, doctrinal, and historical matter. Issued 
 by General Board of Y. M. M. I. A., Joseph F. Smith and Edward Ander- 
 son, editors ; Heber J. Grant and Moroni Snow, managers. 
 
 Deseret News (w). Mar., 1856-Mar., 1858. Ft. 
 
 Same (s-w). 1899-1901. F«. 
 
 • Same (d). May, 1903-1910. 30 v. Fe. 1911+ 
 
 Founded June, 1850 ; editor, Willard Richards ; organ of Mormon 
 church ; first, and for many years, only paper in territory ; published (d, 
 s-w and w) by George Q. Cannon till 1873 ; by David O. Calder, 1873-76; 
 Cannon and Brigham Young, 1877-80; Deseret News Co. (Charles W. 
 Penrose, editor), till Oct., 1892, when the church leased the property to 
 the Messrs. Cannon ; conducted by them under name Deseret News Co., 
 John Q. Cannon, editor, till 1899. Property then reverted to the church. 
 Edited by C. W. Penrose, 1899-1906 ; since then by J. M. Sjodahl. 
 
 Salt Lake Tribune (s-w). 1896-1908. 15 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1868 as Utah Magazine, by William S. Godbe, E. L. T. Harrison, 
 and Henry W. Lawrence, as organ of protest against domination of Brig- 
 ham Young, who had previously excommunicated them for opening mines 
 against his bidding. In 1870 name changed to Mormon Tribune, then to 
 Tribune, and paper passed into hands of George F. Prescott, A. N. Hamil- 
 ton, James R. Shupbach, George W. Reed, W. I-I. Taylor, and Frederick 
 Lockley. In Oct., 1881, sold to P. H. Lyman and C. C. Goodwin ; owned 
 by them till Oct. 17, 1901. Since then owned by Thomas Kearns and 
 David Keith. Present editor, William Nelson. Resists church control in 
 politics and business. 
 
 Woman's Exponent (s-m). Feb. 15, Mar. 1, 1888. 
 
 276 
 
Vermont 
 
 Vermont 
 Bennington 
 
 Vermont Gazette (w). Aug. 7, Sept. 11, 1795. 
 
 Same. Feb. 15, 1848. 
 
 With N. E. Local Newspapers, 1791-98. Established June, 1783, by 
 Anthony Haswell (postmaster general of Vermont while it was an inde- 
 pendent state, 1784-91) and David Russell; after numerous changes of 
 title and owners, suspended in 1850. Revived by Childs Bros., 1873 ; 
 conducted by them about three years ; Baker & Cochran, 1877-78 ; A. S. 
 Baker & Son., 1879 ; then suspended. 
 
 Brandon 
 
 Vermont Telegbaph (w). Oct., 1835-Sept., 1837. Fe. 
 
 Established 1828 by Ephraim Maxham, as organ of the Baptist de- 
 nomination ; edited successively by John M. Allen, Nathan Brown, Ware- 
 ham Walker, and Orson S. Murray; purchased by Murray (1834) and con- 
 tinued as a political (anti-slavery) paper, the first in Vermont to take this 
 stand ; removed to Ohio about 1843. 
 
 Brattleboro 
 
 Brattleboro Hydbopathic Messenger. Vol. 1, No. 1. May 1, 1858. 
 
 Wateb-Cure World (m). Vols. 1-2. Apr., 1860-Aug., 1861. Indexed. 
 Q. 
 
 Published by C R. Blackall, afterwards of Kenosha, Wis. ; hygienic. 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Vermont Centinel (w). Apr., 1806-Mar., 1808. F&. 
 
 Established Mar., 1801, by John K. Baker; published by him (till 1806), 
 Samuel Mills (1806-18), Ephraim and Thomas Mills (1818-36), George 
 H. Paul, afterwards of Milwaukee, Wis. (1848-51), and John G. Saxe 
 (1851-55) ; styled Vermont Centinel (1806-08), Centinel (1809-13), Sen- 
 tinel (1815-30), and thereafter Burlington Sentinel. After numerous 
 changes, sold to Albion N. Merchant, who removed it to Providence, R. I., 
 June, 1872, and continued it as Rhode Island Democrat, but re-established 
 by him (1874) under title Burlington Sentinel, practically a "co-operative" 
 edition of B. 1. Democrat; suspended 1882. Independent till War of 1812- 
 15, thereafter an influential Democratic paper. 
 
 Daily Fbee Press. Apr-June, 1848. Fe. 
 
 Established June, 1827, by Luman Foote ; published by him (till 1833), 
 Henry B. Stacy (1828^6) ; D. C. Clarke (1846-53), G. G. Benedict (till 
 1907), and since then by Free Press Assn. An influential Republican 
 organ ; began its daily edition in 1848, when the telegraph was first ex- 
 tended to Burlington, via Troy, N. Y. 
 
 Burlington Gazette (w). Sept., 1814-Jan., 1817.. Fs. 
 Published by Hinckley & Fish ; suspended Feb., 1817. 
 
 [277] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Burlington, Vt., continued: 
 
 Daily Sentinel. June-Aug., 1848; 1849-54. 8 v. Fb. 
 
 Daily edition of Burlington Sentinel, issued by Paul & Saxe ; suspended 
 after a few years. 
 
 Danville 
 
 North Stab (w). Vols. 3-4. Jan., 1809- Jan., 1811. 2 v. F». July 22, 
 1854. 
 
 Founded Jan. 1807, by Ebenezer Eaton ; continued by N. H. Eaton, 1868- 
 80; Anson B. Hoyt (with — Preston, 1881-82), till 1890. No later men- 
 tion in directories. 
 
 Ludlow 
 
 Genius of Liberty (w). Aug. 26, 1847. 
 
 With Eastern and Western Newspapers, 1841-49. Established 1847 by 
 Aaron Angier. 
 
 Middlebury 
 
 Vermont Abgus (w). Mar., 1837-Sept, 1838. F<s. 
 
 "Opposed to secret societies and open monopolies ;" published by Hamil- 
 ton Drury ; founded about 1832 ; absorbed Middlebury Free Press Oct., 
 1837, and was then styled Vt. Argus and Free Press (latter journal 
 edited by E. E. Jewett, Jan., 1834-Sept., 1837; anti-Masonic Democratic). 
 
 Christian Messenger (w). Vol. 3. Dec, 1818-Nov., 1819. F4. 
 
 Founded 1815. Published by Francis Burnap from 1818 till suspension 
 (Nov., 1819). 
 
 Middlebury Register (w). May 20, 1&63. 
 
 Vermont Religious Observer (w). Feb.-July, 1845, 7 nos. Fb. 
 
 With Chr. Contributor, Utica, N. T., 1846-47. Established 1843 ; edited 
 by Aaron Angier, printed by Ephraim Maxham. Baptist. 
 
 Montpelier 
 
 Green Mountain Freeman (w). 1848-55. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Established Jan., 1844, by Joseph Poland, as organ of Liberty party ; 
 conducted by him (till 1849), Daniel P. Thompson (1849-56), S. S. Boyce 
 (1856-61), Charles W. Willard (1861-73), and afterwards by J. W. and 
 Herbert E. Wheelock ; suspended 1885. Anti-slayery. 
 
 National Messenger (m). Apr., 1906; Jan., 1907. 
 
 Vermont Patriot (w). 1840-45. 3 v. Fe. 
 
 Pounded 1825. Conducted by J. T. Marston, 1835-42. Democratic. 
 
 Putney 
 
 Perfectionist (w). Vols. 3-4, 1843-45. F=. 
 
 [278] 
 
Vermont 
 
 Witness. Vol. 2. Jan., 1841-Jan., 1843. Q. 
 
 Published at Irregular Intervals, the first volume of twenty-six numbers 
 extending over three-and-a-half years. Conducted by J. H. and H. A. 
 Noyes till Sept., 1841; then by J. H. Noyea and J. L. Skinner. Merged 
 (1851) in Circular, q. v. under Brooklyn, N. Y. Perfectionist. 
 
 Rutland 
 
 Rutland Herald; or Vermont Mercury (w). Dec. 8, 1794. 
 
 Facsimile of Herald's first number, issued on occasion of its centennial 
 celebration, Dec. 1894. Successor of Farmer's Library (established Apr., 
 1793, by James Lyon ; suspended Nov. 1794) ; founded Dec, 1794, by 
 Samuel Williams, a Congregational clergyman ; conducted by him till Jan. 
 1805 (in partnership with William Fay after Sept., 1800) ; Fay, 1805-27 
 (in partnership with G. M. Davison, 1813-20 ; with Charles Burt, 1817 — 
 Apr., 1820) ; Edward C. Purdy, 1828-29 ; Bpbraim Maxham, Jan., 1830— 
 Apr., 1833 (assisted by Edgar L. Ormsbee during 1831) ; Horace H. 
 Houghton, eight months ; resumed by Fay, Dec, 1833, and conducted by 
 him till June, 1840 (in partnership with Horace T. White and A. L. 
 Brown, after 1838) ; White, Henderson & Brown, 1840 ; White alone, 
 June, 1843 — Apr., 1844 ; George H. Beaman, till Dec, 1852 ; L. Barney, 
 one year ; Chauncey H. Hayden, Dec, 1853 — Jan. 1856 ; George A. Turtle 
 and Josiah Huntoon, till Aug., 1861 ; Turtle and Charles M. Gay, 1861- 
 67; Turtle and his sons, till Feb., 1872; Albert H. Turtle, Feb., 1872— 
 Aug., 1877 ; at that time absorbed Globe (founded 1872, and owned by an 
 association of citizens) ; since then styled Herald and Globe, and pub- 
 lished by a stock company. Other editorial writers : A. B. Foote, 1856- 
 60 ; Charles C. Dewey, 1861-62 ; Chauncey K. Williams (author of Cen- 
 tennial History of Rutland), 1860-80; Henry Clark, 1867-72. Estab- 
 lished daily edition Apr., 1861. Federalist, under Williams; then Whig, 
 later Republican. 
 
 Vermont Union Signal (w). 1904, 5 nos.; June, 1907-Oct., 1908. F«. 
 
 Founded 1903, by Signal Pub. Co. Edited by W. H. Hubbard, 1904 ; 
 Philip J. Halvosa, 1907-1908. Suspended, Oct., 1908. 
 
 Wilmington. 
 
 Green Mountain Eagle and Even Fellow's Gazette (w). Feb., 1850- 
 Feb., 1851. F«. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1850, by E. B. Bollins, and conducted by him till sus- 
 pension (Feb., 1851). Anti-secret society. 
 
 Windsor 
 
 Citizen Soldier (w). Vol. 1. July, 1840-July, 1841. Indexed. F. 
 
 Devoted to interests of militia; published by J. Swett Jr., and A. 
 Richards ; suspended Aug., 1841. 
 
 Spooner's Vermont Journal (w). May-Dec, -1798; Jan.- June, 1811; 
 1812-1813. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established Aug., 1783, by George Hough and Alden Spooner (after- 
 wards of N. Y. Columbian), under title of Vermont and Universal Adver- 
 tiser; they used press (the first one brought to America, by Jesse Glover, 
 In 1638) and type of Vermont Gazette (first paper in Vermont, founded 
 1781, at Westminster, by Judah P. Spooner and Timothy Green) ; styled 
 
 [279] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Windsor, Vt., continued: 
 
 Spooner's Vt. Journal, 1792-183 8 ; then continued as Vermont Journal 
 q. v. Independent Republican. 
 
 Vermont Journal (w). 1820-21. F». 
 
 Continuation of Spooner's Vermont Journal q. v. ; published by Wyman 
 Spooner till Aug., 1826; merged in Republican, Aug., 1829. In 1844, a 
 paper of same name was established by L. J. Mclndoe ; still published. 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Abingdon 
 
 Abingdon Virginian (w). 1870-71, scat, nos.; Dec. 10, 1880. Fe. 
 
 With Virginia newspapers, 1871-80, vol. 1. Established 1841 ; pub- 
 lished by Coale & Barr till 1873 ; George R. Dunn, 1874-76 ; George W. 
 Ward, 1876-83 ; William C. Durham and John W. Nicholson, 1886 ; George 
 W. Gary, 1887-90 ; Abingdon Prtg. Co., 1891-96. Edited by Thomas 
 Mason, 1891; George W. Gary, 1892-94; W. E. Smyth, 1895-96. Pub- 
 lished by Gary, 1897 ; L. P. Summers, 1898-1909 ; since then by Pindlay 
 Harris. Democratic" till 1898; then Republican; now Democratic. 
 
 Alexandria 
 
 (Alexandria is part of the territory ceded by Virginia to the United 
 States, 1789, and retroceded in 1846.) 
 
 Southern Churchman <w). Feb. 28, 1845. 
 
 With Washington Globe, 1833-44. Founded 1834. Published by G. E. 
 Entwisle, 1873-74; D. P. Sprigg, 1875-1900; since then edited by Wil- 
 liam M. Clarke for Southern Churchman Co. Removed to Richmond about 
 1879. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Alexandria Daily Gazette, Commercial and Political. Vol. 10. July- 
 Dec, 1810. Fb. 
 
 Established 1800 by Samuel Snowden, as Federalist organ. Published 
 by Edgar Snowden, 1843-90; Harold Snowden, 1891-1901, or later; since 
 1909 by Hubert Snowden. Democratic. 
 
 Alexandria G-AZEtrTE and Virginia Advertiser (d). Aug., 1843-Dec, 
 1844; 1845; 1847. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Same (tri-w). 1848-49. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Continuation of Aleoo. Daily Gazette, q. v. Whig ; afterwards Demo- 
 cratic. 
 
 Alexandria Herald (s-w; tri-w). June, 1811-June, 1812. Fs. 
 
 Same (tri-w). June, 1815-May, 1819. 4 v. Fs. June, 1821- 
 
 May, 1824; June, 1825-May, 1826. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Established June, 1811, by John Corse and N. Rounsavell ; published 
 by them till 1819 ; then by Rounsavell and Henry Pittman ; Pittman alone 
 after 1822. Democratic. 
 
 [280] 
 
V: 
 
 lrginia 
 
 Columbian Mieeor and Alexandria Gazette (tri-w). 1795, 5 nos. F. 
 
 With Md. and Va. Newspapers, 1792-95. Published by Bills Price ; ap- 
 parently established about Apr., 1793. 
 
 Times and District of Columbia Daily Advertiser. Apr -Oct., 1799; 
 Apr., 1800-Oct, 1801; Apr .-July, 1802. 6 v. Ps. 
 
 Established 1797 by James D. Westcott; continued by him after July, 
 1802, as Columbian Advertiser ; and Commercial, Mechanical and Agricul- 
 tural Gazette (tri-w). 
 
 Bridgewater 
 
 Bridgewater Enterprise (w). May 28, 1879. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol. i. Established 1878 by Tbomas 
 H. B. Brown and E. S. Dinkle ; styled Journal in 1880, and published by 
 Dinkle & Armstrong; G. T. Barbee, 1881-83 ; G. R. Berlin, 1884 ; suspended 
 soon after. Independent. 
 
 Charlottesville 
 
 Virginia Advocate (w). Jan.-Feb., 1828; Oct., 1828-Feb., 1829; Dec, 
 1829^-Dec, 1831. F«. 
 
 Founded July, 1827, by T. W. Gilmer (afterwards governor of Virginia, 
 aI,so secretary of navy, 1843-44) and J. A. G. Davis ; published by Davis 
 till Nov., 1828 ; then by Frank Carr and Jefferson Clark (uniting with 
 Carr's Central Gazette) for about a year; Carr and T. G. Elliott till Aug., 
 1830; E. W. Reinhart, one year; Wilson M. Cary and Egbert R. Watson, 
 who opposed nullification and advocated internal improvements; Alexander 
 Moseley, afterwards of Richmond Whig; successively by William Tomp- 
 kins, A. B. Magruder, Lucian Minor (1840), Thomas Wood, James C. 
 Balsall and William Shelton, J. L. Cochran, Green Peyton, and James C. 
 Southall till 1861, when it was suspended. 
 
 Charlottesville Chronicle (w). 1879-1882, scat. nos. Fa. 
 
 Founded 1865 by Marshall J. Hughes of Ktio.vville, Tenn. ; edited by 
 J. C. Hiden (1864), J. C. Southall (1865-68), Bennett Taylor (1868-71), 
 John H. Foster (1*71-72) ; C. D. Fishbume and L. Waddell, 1873-80; by 
 W. II. and L. Waddell, 1881-83 ; H. D. Miehie, 1885-98. From about 
 1896 published by Chronicle Pub. Co. till 1898 ; F. A. Lindsay & Co., 
 1898-1901 or later ; now by J. H. Lindsay. Conservative. 
 
 Virginia Literary Museum (w). Vol. 1. June-Sept, 1829; Mar.- 
 June, 1830. Indexed. O. 
 
 Literary and scientific Journal ; edited by professors in University of 
 Virginia (Harrison, Blaetterman, Emmet, Patterson, Dunglison, and 
 others) ; suspended at end of first year. 
 
 Jeffersonian Republican (w). Dec. 22, 1880. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol. i. Claimed to have been 
 originally founded in 1835; re-established, 1873, by J. S. Leitch & Co. 
 (A. R. Blakey, editor) ; conducted by them till 1877; R. P. Valentine & Co., 
 1878-79 ; F. N. Barksdale & Co., 1880-83 ; James Blakey and W. H. Prout, 
 1886 ; Blakey alone, 1887-94. No later mention in directories. 
 
 [281] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Virginia, continued: 
 
 Chatham 
 
 Pittsylvania Tbibune (w). May 28, 1879. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol. i. Established 1869, at Pitt- 
 sylvania Courthouse, by William M. Tredway ; conducted by him two 
 years ; J. C. Lick, 1871-72 ; Cannon, Watson & Christian, 1873-75 ; Tred- 
 way & Co., 1876 ; styled Pittsylvania Tribune, 1877, and conducted by 
 Davis & Pigg till 1887 ; L. H. Pigg till 1895 ; since then by W. S. Davis. 
 
 Fredericksburg 
 
 Chbistian Banner (w). 1862, 4 nos. 
 Virginia Hebald (s-w). Jan.-Nov., 1819. F«. 
 
 Founded by Timothy Green, July, 1817; after Jan., 1819, published by 
 William F. Gray ; J. H. Kelly, 1868-77 ; then suspended ; Democratic. 
 
 Hampton 
 
 Southebn Workman (m). Vols. 8-13. Jan., 1879-Aug., 1884. Fs. 
 1903-1905; 1907. 4 v. O. 1899-1909, scat. nos. 
 
 Founded 1872. Published by officers of U. S. Normal and Agricultural 
 Institute (for Indian and Negro youth) ; edited by S. C. Armstrong till 
 1894 ; since then by Helen W. Ludlow, A. M. Bacon and others. 
 
 Harrisonburg 
 
 Old Commonwealth (w). 1877, 4 nos.; Jan., 1878-Nov., 1881 (in- 
 
 comp.). F^. 
 
 Established about Oct., 1865 ; published by Cushen & Gatewood, 1868- 
 71 ; W. H. Effiinger, 1872 ; C. H. Vanderford, 1873-Apr., 1878 ; then by 
 J. K. Smith ; suspended 1883. 
 
 Rockingham Rebisteb (w). 1878, 1879, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol. i. Founded 1822 by Lawrence 
 Wartmann ; published by J. H. Wartmann & Co., 1868-75 ; Giles Devier 
 and Daniel Dechert (1878) ; Devier, J. W. E. Ryan, and John P. Kerr till 
 1882 ; Devier alone till 1890 ; Devier & Snyder, 1891-1899 ; now by News.- 
 Register Co. (A. H. Snyder, editor). Democratic. 
 
 Spirit of the Valley (w). Oct.-Dec, 1878; 1879, scat. nos. Fa. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol. i. Established Sept., 1878, by 
 (Daniel) Dechert & Son; conducted by them till 1887; D. S. Lewis, 1887- 
 1909. No later mention in directories. 
 
 1 Iiawrenceville 
 
 Southern Missioned (q; m). Vols. 7-15. Apr., 1896-Sept, 1905 (in- 
 
 comp.). Q. 
 
 Founded 1889, as organ of St. Paul Normal and Industrial School of 
 Virginia. Edited by the principal, Rev. J. S. Russell, Apr., 1896-Sept., 
 1905. 
 
 [282] 
 
V: 
 
 lrginia 
 
 Lexington 
 
 Lexington Gazette (w). Feb.-May, 1873, 8 nos. F«. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol. i. Established 1836 ; pub- 
 lished by Lafferty & Co., till 1873; E. H. Barclay & Co. (1874-1901 or 
 later) ; now by William E. Kennedy. 
 
 Liberty 
 
 Bedford Sentinel (w). July 16, 1880. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol. i. Established 1867 by W. W. 
 Berry and M. Davis ; conducted by them till 1870 ; Berry and Edward S. 
 Gregory, 1873 ; about 1873, absorbed Liberty News (established 1870, by 
 Hoffman, Miller & Co. ; published by Walter C. Douglass, 1872) ; was 
 then styled Sentinel and News, and conducted by Douglass & Hoffman, one 
 year; Hoffman & Guy, 1875-82; after 1875 styled Bedford Sentinel; 
 about 1885, merged in Star (founded 1874 by F. O. Hoffman), and styled 
 Star and Sentinel; published by Hoffman till its suspension, about 1887. 
 
 Lynchburg 
 
 Daily News. Oct. 5, 1874, Sept. 4, 1878, Oct. 5, 1880. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol. i. Established (d and tri-w) 
 1866; (w) 1875; published by A. Waddill till 1887; since then by Carter 
 Glass. Editors: R. E. Withers, 1868-71; J. G. Perry, 1870-75; Wad- 
 dill, 1876-78; Thomas Whitehead, 1879-80; Alexander McDonald, 1882- 
 86 ; since then Carter Glass and Walter E. Addison. 
 
 Weekly Registee. 1864. Q. 
 
 "Conducted on a plan similar to that of Niles' Register, giving important 
 public documents and a record of the prominent events of the war;" 
 edited by A. M. Trible and C. A. Schaffter. 
 
 Daily Virginian. 1873-77 ; Aug., 1832-Aug., 1833. Fa. 
 
 Same (s-w). Aug., 1832-Aug., 1833. Fe. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol i. Founded 1808 ; published 
 by Eichard H. Toler and Elijah Fletcher (1825), some time later by 
 William M, Blackford under them an influential paper. Conducted by 
 Charles W. Button, 1868-85 ; J. W. Sherman & Co., 1886 ; Virginian Pub. 
 Co., 1887-92. Edited by Alexander McDonald, 1887-92 ; then suspended. 
 About 1876, absorbed Lynchburg Republican (established 1840). 
 
 Martinsburg 
 
 Potomak Guardian and Berkeley Advertiser (w). Nov. Iff, 1795. 
 
 With lid. and Va. Newspapers, 1792-95. Established about Nov., 1790, 
 by Nathaniel Willis, founder of Scioto Gazette (Chillicothe, O.) ; published 
 by him till Apr., 1796. 
 
 Norfolk 
 
 American Beacon. June 16, 1818. 
 
 Norfolk Landmark (d). 1873-74, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1871-80, vol. i. Established Oct., 1873 
 [283] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Norfolk, Va., continued: 
 
 (weekly edition, 1870), by James Barron Hope; conducted by him till his 
 death (1887) ; since then by S. S. Nottingham Jr. 
 
 Petersburg 
 
 Petersburg Daily Courier. June 22, 1815. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 Exjpress (d). 1861-65, 15 nos. ' Fn-e. 
 
 Virginia Gazette and Petersburg Intelligencer (w). July 26, 1792; 
 1795, 3 nos. 
 
 With Md. and Va.. Newspapers, 1792-95. Founded Oct., 1789 ; published 
 by William Prentiss. 
 
 Grant's Petersburg Progress. Apr. 3, 7, 1865 (Nos. 1 and 3). 
 
 Published by officers of General Grant's army, just after the city was 
 entered by Federal troops. Editors, Maj. Eobert C. Eden, of Wis., and 
 Capt. C. H. McCreery, of Mich. 
 
 Intelligences and Petersburg Commercial Advertiser (s-w). Mar. 11, 
 1825. 
 
 With Southern and Western Newspapers, 1821-28. Published by Frs. G. 
 Yancey and S. E. Burton. 
 
 Th' Time o'Day! (tri-w). Aug.-Sept., 1839. F. 
 
 "Edited by an ex-editor ;" non-partisan ; devoted to literature, news, 
 and humor. 
 
 Richmond 
 
 Richmond and Manchester Advertiser (s-w). Sept. 10, 1795. 
 
 With Md. and Va. Newspapers, 1792-95. Founded Apr., 1793, by Sam- 
 uel Pleasants ; issued semi-weekly after Apr., 1795 ; apparently continued 
 as Virginia Argus, q. v. ; Republican 
 
 Virginia Argus (s-w). Nov., 1804-Dec, 1807; Jan., 1808-Sept, 1811. 
 
 2 v. (incomp.). F e. 
 
 Conducted by Samuel Pleasants (see Richmond and Manchester Adver- 
 tiser) ; published (1803) William Wirt's "Letters of a British Spy;" sus- 
 pended after War of 1812-15. 
 
 Richmond Christian Advocate (w). 1870. Ft. 
 
 Established 1832 ; organ of Methodist Church, South ; edited by W. W. 
 Bennett, 1868-77 ; J. J. Lafferty, 1875-1903 ; since then by Rev. James 
 Cannon and J. S. Peters. 
 
 Southern Churchman (w). Vol. 59. Mar .-Dec, 1893. Fs. Vols. 60- 
 61. 1894-May, 1895. 2 v. Ft. 
 See same title under Alexandria. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Richmond Commonwealth (d). Mar. 4, 26, 1880. 
 
 Established 1880 by William L. Royal ; suspended about a year later. 
 
 [284] 
 
Vir 
 
 ginia 
 
 Debt Payee (w). July 22, 1881. 
 
 Established June, 1881, by James M. Donnan ; apparently o£ brief 
 duration. 
 
 Daily Dispatch. Aug. 7, 1861. Dec, 1861-1882, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 Same (w). 1873-75, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 With Richmond Newspapers, 1864-65. Founded Oct., 1850, by James 
 A. Cowardin ; first one-cent daily south of Baltimore ; advocated internal 
 improvements; edited by Cowardin till his death (1882), then by his 
 partner, H. K. Ellyson ; Moses P. Handy, associate editor, 1868-73 ; now 
 published by Dispatch Co. Independent. 
 
 Richmond Enquirer (tri-w). 1818-19 (incomp.); Jan., 1824-Feb., 1826. 
 2 v. F«. 
 
 Same (s-w and tri-w). 1820-1823 (incomp.); May, 1825- Apr., 
 
 1826; Oct., 1829-Dec, 1830; 1831; Dec, 1834-Dec, 1836. 7 v. F«. 
 
 Same (d). Sept. 29, 1862, June, 1863-Mar., 1865, scat. nos. Fe. 
 
 Established 1804 by Thomas Ritchie and W. W. Worsley, as a continua- 
 tion of Examiner, q. v. ; edited by Ritchie till 1845 ; when he gave up the 
 paper to his sons (becoming editor of Washington Union 1845-49) ; Wil- 
 liam Wirt was a contributor (1808-12), and Hezekiah Niles an assistant 
 editor (1819) ; advocated State Rights ; organ of Virginia Democracy, but 
 opposed Jackson; continued by Thomas Ritchie Jr., till his death (1854), 
 then by W. P. Ritchie ; published by Tyler, Wise & Allegre, 1863 ; edited 
 by W. D. Coleman, 1867, James C. Southall, 1868-72, Baker P. Lee and 
 and William E. Cameron, 1873, W. W. Berry, 1874, John H. Bryant, 
 1875, Moses P. Handy, 1875-76, G. Watson James, 1876-77; then 
 suspended. j 
 
 Examinee (s-w). Feb.-Oct., 1800 (incomp.). Fe. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1798, by Merewether Jones ; soon became leading Repub- 
 lican paper of Richmond ; after Jones's death, conducted by his brother 
 Skelton and W. W. Worsley (founder of Lexington, Ky., Reporter, 1807) ; 
 J. T. Callender was leading writer, 1800-2 ; purchased by Worsley and 
 Thomas Ritchie, and styled Enquirer, q. v. 
 
 Richmond Examiner (d). July, 1861-Mar., 1866, 57 nos. Fe. 
 
 Established about 1847; edited by J. M. Daniel (1847-53 and 1860-65), 
 and by R. W. Hughes, 1847-57 and 1859-65 ; leading Democratic and 
 earliest Secession paper in Virginia ; destroyed in Richmond fire, 1865. In 
 Mar., 1866, Henry Rives Pollard started the "Examiner, new series ;" but 
 it was suspended Feb., 1867. 
 
 Virginia Gazette (w). 1780. Q. 
 
 Published by Dixon and Nicolson (see same title under Williamsburg) ; 
 removed hither Apr., 1780. 
 
 Virginia Gazette and General Advertiser. Dec. 7, 1791. 
 
 With City Gazette, Charleston, S. C, 1791. Published by Augustine 
 Davis ; probably successor of Clarkson & Davis's Gazette at Williamsburg, 
 q. v. 
 
 [285] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Richmond, Va., continued: 
 i 
 Virginia Gazette and Weekly Advertiser. Dec. 14, 1782; Mar. 7, 
 
 Sept. 5, 1795. 
 
 With Maryland Gazette, 1781-83 ; Md. and Va. Newspapers, 1792-95. 
 Established by Nicolson and William Prentis, probably in 1782 ; in 1795, 
 published by Nicolson alone. 
 
 Southern Illustrated News (w). Mar. 21, 1863; Mar. 5, Apr. 23, 1864. 
 
 BstaBlished Jan., 1862 ; published by Ayres & Wade. 
 
 Journal of International Association of Machinists. 
 See same title, under Washington, D. C. 
 
 National Magazine (m or occas; w). June-Dec, 1799, 4 nos.; 1800, 
 1 no.; Oct., 1801-Jan., 1802. O. 
 
 Published by James Lyon, as a. Republican journal, till he became 
 bankrupt ; removed to Washington, D. C, 1801, and issued (w) by the 
 Washington Ptg. and Bookselling Company, Nicholas King, president, with 
 Lyon as subscription agent; styled National Magazine or Cabinet of V. S.j 
 suspended Jan., 1802. 
 
 Virginia Pateiot and Richmond Mercantile Advertiser (s-w; d, Aug.). 
 Apr-Dec, 1816. F". 
 
 Published by Augustine Davis, successor of his 7a. Gazette, q. v. (prob- 
 ably assumed the later title by absorbing the Virginia Patriot, founded 
 1810, by Samuel Livermore). Davis took (Aug. 1816) as partner and 
 editor Charles- Prentiss, who continued till probably 1819. 
 
 Central Presbyterian (w). 1869- July, 1879. 2 v. (incomp.). F*. 
 
 Aug., 1879-April, 1882 (incomp.). Pe. 
 
 Established 1837 ; organ of Southern Presbyterian church ; edited by B. 
 Gildersleeve, 1849 ; William Brown, 1860-79 ; W. T. Richardson and J. C. 
 Southall, 1880-90 ; Richardson, 1891-95 (with James P. Smith, 1894-95) ; 
 Smith, 1896-1901. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Record of News, History and Literature (w). Vol. 1. June-Dec, 
 1863. F. 
 
 Recorder, or Lady's and Gentleman's Miscellany (w; s-w, Mar., 1803). 
 May, 1802-Apr., 1803. Fs. 
 
 Founded by Henry Pace ; soon came under control of J. T. Callender, 
 who at first supported Jefferson, then violently attacked him. 
 
 Religious Herald (w). July 30, 1863; Jan. 19, 1865. 
 
 Established 1828 ; organ of Southern Baptist church ; published by 
 Sands, Shaver & Co. (1865), Jeter & Dickinson (1868-87), J. T. Bllyson 
 (till 1888), since then by Religious Herald Co. Edited by A. E. Dickin- 
 son and R. H. Pitt, 1896-1906 ; since then by Pitt. 
 
 Sentinel (d). Dec, 1864-Mar., 1865, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 Established (new series) Jan., 1863 ; conducted by Smith, Bailey & Co. 
 
 Southern Opinion (w). Sept. 14, 1867. 
 
 [286] 
 
Virginia 
 
 Southern Planter and Farmer (m). 1875-76 (incomp.) ; 1877-79; 
 
 1880-81 (Incomp.). 5 v. O. 
 
 Founded 1840; edited by John M. Daniel (about 1846-47), E. B. Gooch 
 (1850), C. B. Williams (1868-70), James F. Johnson and John M. Allan 
 (1870-71), J. W. Rison (1871), L. B. Dickinson (1873-80) ; Rolfe S. 
 
 Saunders (1880-82), W. C. Knight (1882-89), and since then by J. F. 
 
 Jackson. 
 
 Richmond Standard (w). Sept., 1878-Mar., 1881; Apr., fL881-Feb., 
 
 1882 (incomp.). 2 v. P'. 
 
 Established Sept., 1878, by G. Watson James ; edited by him ; also by 
 Robert A. Brock (1879-82), secretary of Va. Historical Society since 1875; 
 contained papers on Southern history and genealogy by Brock ; gave special 
 attention to literature and art. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Richmond Stab (d). Mar., 1894-Oct, 1896. 5 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1893 by Star Co-op. Ptg. Co. Published by them till merged In 
 State, q. v. Oct., 1896. 
 
 State (w). July, 1878-Jan., 1880. 24 nos. F«. 
 
 Founded Apr., 187G, by John Hampden Chamberlayne ; conducted by 
 him till 1884 (in partnership with Richard F. Beirne, after 1878) ; Beirne 
 alone till 1889 ; State Newspaper Co., 1890-98. No later mention in direc- 
 tories. Absorbed Star (q. v.) Oct., 1896. Independent, under Chamber- 
 layne ; then Democratic. 
 
 Richmond Times (d). Aug. 30, 1865; Mar. 21, 1867. 
 
 Weekly Times. Feb., 1896-1901. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1886 by Times Pub. Co. and published by them till 1901 or 
 later ; edited by Page McCarty, 1886-90 ; Joseph Bryan, 1891-1909 ; since 
 then by John S. Bryan. Now styled Times-Dispatch; published by Times- 
 Dispatch Co. Democratic. 
 
 Constitutional Whig (s-w). June 22, Dec. 21, 1824. 
 
 With Southern and Western Newspapers, 1821-28. See Richmond 
 Whig. Founded 1824. Published by Pleasants & Butler part of the year, 
 then by Pleasants & Duval. 
 
 Richmond Whig and Public Advertiser (d and s-w). 1862-78, scat. nos. F*. 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1862-78 ; Richmond Newspapers, 1864-65. 
 Established Jan., 1824, by John Hampden Pleasants, in opposition to 
 Enquirer and Thomas Ritchie ; at first styled Constitutional Whig, q. v. ; 
 under Pleasants became the most influential Whig paper in Virginia ; 
 edited by him till 1846, when he was killed by Thomas Eitchie Jr. in a 
 duel; published by Heath, Elliott & Co. (1850), Alexander Moseley and 
 J. C. Shields (1865-73), Shields alone (1874-75), Wyatt M. Elliott & Co.' 
 (1875-79) ; a "Eeadjuster" organ 1881-84 ; edited by W. C. Elam, 1884 ; 
 apparently suspended about 1888. 
 
 Same (s-w). May, 1873-Sept., 1874; 1872, 1875, scat. nos. 
 
 With Richmond Newspapers, 1872-75. 
 Yeomen (w). v. 1. 1840. F«. 
 
 Campaign organ for Harrison and Tyler. Published by John S. Galla- 
 her. 
 
 [ 287 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Virginia, continued: 
 
 Staunton 
 
 Staunton Eagle (w). May 27, 1808. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1808. Established 1807 ; Jacob D. 
 Dietrick, publisher ; Republican. 
 
 Staunton Spectator (w). 1864-76, 29 nos.; Jan., 1877-Feb., 1882 (in- 
 comp.). Ft. 
 
 File for 1864-76 with Staunton (Va.) Newspapers, 1864-78. Succes- 
 sor of Republican Farmer (founded 1808 by William Lyford; soon sold 
 to Isaac Collett ; Federalist ; purchased by Kenton Harper, 1823, and 
 continued as Staunton Spectator) ; published by Harper till 1849, by 
 Eichard Mauzy & Co. since 1864. Democratic. See also Vindicator. 
 
 Staunton Vindicator (w). 1865-78, scat. nos. F«-t. 
 
 With Staunton (Va.) Newspapers, 1864-78. Established 1840 as 
 Augusta Democrat; afterwards changed to 1 Staunton Vindicator. Pub- 
 lished by W. H. H. Lynn (1865-72), Lynn and H. C. Tinsley (1873-76), 
 Tinsley and T. C. Morton (1877-96). In 1897 merged with Spectator, 
 and published as Spectator and Vindicator by R. S. Turk, till 1901. Dem- 
 ocratic. No later data obtainable 1 . 
 
 Valley Virginian (w). 1879-80, scat. nos. Ft. 
 
 Same. Apr. 19, Dec. 13, 1877; Jan. 17, 1878. 
 
 With Staunton (Va.) Newspapers, 1864-78. Established Mar. 1865 ; 
 conducted by J. R. Crockwell and A. R. Garber, 1868 ; Stoneburner & Co., 
 1869-70 ; thereafter, S. M. Yost & Sons. Sold a few years ago, re- 
 moved to Clifton Forge, W. Va. ; succeeded at Staunton by Yost's Weekly, 
 now styled Virginia Enterprise. Republican. 
 
 Virginias (m). Vols. 1-2. 1880-81. Indexed. F. Vols. 3-4. 1882-83. 
 
 2 v. Q. 
 
 Edited by Jed. Hotchkiss ; "mining, industrial, and scientific journal, 
 devoted to the development of Virginia and West Virginia" ; gives valuable 
 information and statistics ; probably suspended about 1884. 
 
 Waynesboro 
 
 South River Advertiser (w). 1880-81, scat. nos. P«. 
 
 Established Sept., 1880, by Elastic Wheel and Mfg. Co. ; W. J. Jones, 
 editor ; published by E. H. Campbell, 1882 ; suspended soon after. 
 
 Weekly Tribune. 1878, 1879, scat. nos. F «. 
 
 With South River Advertiser, 1880-81. Founded Nov., 1877, by John • 
 M. Ferguson ; suspended about 1880. 
 
 Williamsburg 
 
 Virginia Gazette (w). 1775; Jan.-Aug., 1776. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 First paper published south of Maryland ; established 1736 by William 
 Parks, founder of first paper in Maryland ; published by him till his death 
 in 1750, then by William Hunter (1751-61), Joseph Royle (1761-65), 
 Alexander Purdie and John Dixon (1765-75), Dixon and William Hunter 
 Jr. (1775-76) ; changed to octavo size, June, 1776; apparently suspended 
 till 1779, and then resumed by Dixon and Nicolson. 
 
 [288] 
 
Virginia- Washington 
 
 Virginia Gazette (w). Oct. 30, 1778; July 3, 1779. 
 
 With Maryland Journal, 1774-80. Established early in 1775, probably 
 by Alexander Purdie ; continued in 1778 by John Clarkson and Augustine 
 Davis; removed to Richmond, q. v., when Dayis became postmaster there. 
 Federalist. 
 
 Virginia Gazette (w). Feb.-Dec, 1779; 1780. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Established Feb., 1779, by Dixon and Thomas Nicolson ; probably a re- 
 sumption of Dixon & Hunter's Gazette, q. v. ; removed to Richmond Apr., 
 1780. 
 
 Winchester 
 
 Bowen's Virginia Centinel and Gazette, or the Winchester Repository 
 (w). Sept. 7, 1795. 
 
 With Maryland and Virginia Newspapers, 1792—95. Is probably the 
 paper founded here about 1787 by Nathaniel Willis ; published later for 
 many years by Richard Bowen & Co. 
 
 Washington 
 
 Bellingham 
 
 Pacific Grange News (m). Aug., 1908. 
 
 Burley 
 
 Co-opeeator. 
 
 See same title, under Olalla. 
 
 Edison 
 
 Industrial Freedom (w). May, 1898-Apr., 1900. P«. 
 
 See Freedom, under Equality. 
 
 Equality 
 
 Freedom (w). July, 1899-Mar., 1900. Fs. 
 
 With Industrial Freedom, Edison. Published by Brotherhood Coopera- 
 tive Commonwealth. 
 
 Everett 
 
 Shingle Weaver (m). Dec, 1905+ F*-». 
 
 Founded 1902, organ of Shingle Weavers' Union of America. Edited 
 by J. E. Campbell, Jan., 1905 — Mar., 1908 ; Donald McRae, Mar., 1908 — 
 Mar., 1909 ; since then by W. E. Willis. 
 
 Home 
 
 Clothed with the Sun (m). 1900-1901, 4 nos. 
 
 19— N. C. [ 289 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Home, Wash., continued: 
 
 Demonstrator (s-m). Vols. 1-5. Mar., 1903-Feb., 19081 F-Q. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1903, as Free Thought organ, by the Demonstrator Group. 
 Edited by James F. Morton Jr., till Nov., 1905; Jay Fox, Nov., 1905- 
 July, 190T ; Lawrence Cass, July, 1907-Feb., 1908. No later data ob- 
 tainable. Absorbed Emancipator, July, 1907. 
 
 Discontent (w). 1899-1901, scat. nos. F*. 
 
 Olalla 
 
 Co-opebatoe (w; m). Vols. 1-4. 1898-1902. 3 v. Q. Vols. 4-12. 
 1902-1906. 4 v. O. 
 
 Founded Dec., 1898, as successor of Social Democrat. Published by the 
 Co-op. Brotherhood, at Brotherhood Colony, Olalla. Edited by Cyrus Field 
 Willard, James S. Ingalls, and J. B. Fowler. Moved to Burley, Oct., 1899. 
 In Jan., 1905, after editing it for the Brotherhood for about a year Kings- 
 mill Commander and Mrs. Jessie Brewster continued it as private enter- 
 prise until its suspension, Dec, 1906. 
 
 Olympia 
 
 Pioneer and Democrat (w). Nov., 1857-Jan., 1858. 
 
 With Kans., Wash., and Oregon Newspapers, 1856-62. First paper in 
 Washington ; founded Sept., 1852, by J. W. Wiley and F. F. McElroy; at 
 first neutral in politics ; after various changes of proprietors, became 
 (Dec, 1853) the Washington Pioneer, "a radical Democratic journal;" 
 edited by Wiley till Aug., 1856 ; C. Furste till 1860 ; then by James Lodge ; 
 suspended 1861. 
 
 Parkland 
 
 Pacific Hebold (w). Vols. 9-18. 1899kL908. 9 v. F-*. 1909+ 
 Founded 1889 ; owned by Pacific Lutheran University Assn. 
 
 Seattle 
 
 Equality. Vol. 1, nos. 1 and 2. N. d. 
 
 Herald (w). Dec. 16, 1899. 
 
 Mail and Herald (w). June 23, 1900. 
 
 Next (w). Sept., 1904-Jan., 1905. Q. 
 
 Continuation of Seattle Socialist, q. v. Succeeded, Mar., 1905, by 
 Toledo Socialist, q. v. 
 
 Post-Intelligenceb (w). 1896. Fe. 
 
 Consolidation (1881) by Post (founded 1878) and Intelligencer (founded 
 1866). Since published by Post-Intelligencer Co. Now edited by Eras- 
 tus Brainerd. Republican. 
 
 Socialist (w). 1900-1902, 5 nos.; 1903- Aug., 1904; Feb., 1907-1910. 
 
 2 v. F 6. 1911+ 
 
 Continued for a time by Next. Then re-appears as Socialist at Toledo 
 (O.), Caldwell (Idaho), q. v., and again at Seattle. 
 
 [290] 
 
Washington 
 
 Seattle Times (w). Jan., 1902. 5 v. F». 
 
 Founded Mar., 1886, by Frank C. Montgomery, T. H. Dempsey, and 
 others (Times Pub. Co.) formerly of Chronicle (founded Oct., 1881 ; 
 merged with Call, Apr., 1886, as Press, by Homer M. Hill). In Feb., 
 1891, Times was sold to William E. Bailey, of Press, and papers merged 
 as Press-Times. After several other changes, paper was bought by Alden 
 J. Blethen, Aug., 1896, and has since been conducted by him; styled 
 Times since May, 1895. 
 
 Same. Silver Jubilee edition, Feb., 1906, 
 
 Contains historical sketch. 
 
 Saturday Evening Tbibune (w). May, 1907-May, 1908. Fa. 
 
 Founded May, 1907, by Tribune Co., and published by them till 1909 
 (except part of 1908, by A. A. Sherman). Edited by Walter T. Mills most 
 of the time (by E. Backus in 1908). No later mention In directories. 
 Labor. 
 
 Seattle Union Record (w). Dec. 19, 1903. Jan. 25, June-Nov., 1908. 
 
 F 8. 
 
 Founded 1895 by Western Central Labor Union. Edited by F. A. 
 Rust, 1903 ; George T. McNamara, 1908 ; Gordon A. Rice, 1910. 
 
 Workwoman's Paper (w). Oct., 1909-Oct., 1910. Fa. 
 Continuation of Socialist, q. v. Suspended, Oct., 1910. 
 
 Spokane 
 
 Indtjstbial Worker (w). Feb., 1910+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1909 by local unions of Industrial Workers of World. Edited 
 by E. R. Sehleis, Feb.-May, 1910; Hartwell Shippey, May-Nov„ 1910. 
 Since then by Fred W. Heslewood. 
 
 Freemen's Labor Journal. 
 See Spokane Record. 
 
 New Time (w). Apr., 1903-Apr., 1906 (incomp.). Fs. 
 
 Founded June, 1902, by Socialist Pub. Co., and published by them till 
 1906 ; conducted by Albert Strout and Joseph Gilbert, 1902-July, 1903 ; 
 Strout and H. W. Mangold, July-Dec, 1903 ; Mangold and R. O. Bacon, 
 Dec, 1903-Feb., 1904 ; Bacon and T. B. Walsh, Feb.-Sept., 1904 ; Bacon 
 and H. L. Hughes, Sept.. 1904-Mar., 1905 ; Hughes and Walsh, Mar., 
 1905-Apr., 1906. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Spokane Recobd and Freemen's Labor Journal (w). 1903-04. F«. 
 
 Founded 1894, organ of Trades Council of Spokane ; conducted by W. 
 J. Walker and W. J. Jolley, to Nov., 1902 ; E. L. Boardman and D. A. 
 Cartana, Nov., 1902-June, 1903. Then bought by T. S. Haskett. Styled 
 Freemen's Labor Journal till June, 1903. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Sprague 
 
 Sprague Daily Mail. Mar. 1, 1894. 
 
 With Special Editions. Founded 1892 by Mall Pub. Co. Edited by 
 L. F. Williams, till 1894. No later mention in directories. 
 
 [291] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Washington, continued: 
 
 Tacoma 
 
 Parish Leaflet (m). "Vols. 1-3. Nov., 1893-June, 1895. Q. 
 
 Published by Church of the Holy Communion (Episc). Edited by 
 Rev. William F. Jefferis. 
 
 Spirit of '76 (w) . 1898, 3 nos. Feb. 25, 1899. 
 
 Tacoma Tidende (w). Oct., 1898-June, 1899. Fe. 
 
 Pounded 1889 by Tacoma Tidende Pub. Co., and published by them till 
 1901 or later. Edited by Dirk Blaauw till 1898. John Blaauw, 1898- 
 1901 or later. Now published by J. J. Bagger, and edited by Einar 
 Finsand. Republican. 
 
 West Virginia 
 
 Charlestown 
 
 Fabmeb's Repository (w). 1813, 16 noe. F<s. 
 
 With Southern Local Newspapers, 1811-20. First paper at Charles- 
 town; founded Apr., 1808, by Williams & Brown; merged (1827) in Va. 
 Free Press, which was removed hither from Harpers Ferry by John 
 S. Gallaher, its founder, in 1821 ; published since then under title Free 
 Press by Gallaher or members of his family (H. N. and W. B. B. Galla- 
 her, 1870-85; W. B. B. Gallaher, 1885-1901.). No later data obtain- 
 able. 
 
 Huntington 
 
 Review (w). Dec. 9, 1903; June, 1907-July, 1909 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1902 by Review Ptg. Co., and since published by them. Now 
 edited by J. T. Fielder. Labor. 
 
 Lewisburg 
 
 Greenbrier Independent (w) . 1880, scat. nos. Ft. 
 
 With Virginia Newspapers, 1879-82. Founded 1871, as successor of 
 
 Border Journal (established 1865) ; published by B. F. Harlow and 
 
 Argabrite till 1887 ; Argabrite and Thomas H. Dennis till 1909 ; since then 
 by Dennis. Contains articles on early history of Presbyterian church in 
 that region. Democratic. 
 
 Parkersburg 
 
 Social Rebel (w). Mar. 30^ 1907. 
 Founded 1906. 
 
 Wheeling 
 
 Wheeling Majobitt (w). Dec., 1909+ F«. 
 
 Founded March, 1907, by Walter B. Hilton, city editor of Wheeling 
 Daily News, in the interests of labor, and still conducted by him. 
 
 [292] 
 
West Virginia- Wisconsin 
 
 Virginia Northwestern Gazette (w). Vols. 1-3. Apr., 1818-Sept, 
 1820. Fo. 
 Published by Thomas Tonner ; suspended Sept., 1820. Republican. 
 
 Wyoming 
 
 Laramie 
 
 Laramie Times (w). Dec. 6, 1902. 
 
 Sheridan 
 
 Independent Press (w). Apr. 14, 1903. 
 
 Wisconsin 
 
 Ahnapee 
 
 Ahnapee Record (w). 1874-Nov., 1876. F«. 1882-93. 4 v. Ft. 1894- 
 
 Sept., 1897. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Established June, 1873, by George W. Wing and Charles W. Borgman ; 
 sold to W. H. Seymour, Sept., 1874 ; conducted by him till May, 1876 ; 
 G. W. and H. D. Wing (under ownership of D. W. Stebbins), 1876-Dec, 
 1877; H. D. Wing, 1878-Sept, 1879; Charles J. Barnes, two years; 
 M. T. Parker and H. Overbeck Jr., Sept., 1881-May, 1884 ; D. W. Steb- 
 bins, May, 1884-Oct, 1897. Name of town changed to Algoma Sept., 
 1897, and paper since styled Algoma Record, q. v. Issued campaign sheet 
 styled Daily News, Sept.— Nov., 1878. During first year, non-partisan ; 
 since then, Republican. File for Jan.-May, 1874, bound with Kewaunee 
 Enterprise, 1875-77. 
 
 Albany 
 
 Albany Weekly Jotjbnal. Oct., 1865-May, 1866. Ft. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1856, at Monroe, under title of Jeffersonian Democrat; 
 published by George C. Baker till suspended, Apr., 1857 ; revived by S. 
 P. Condee and E. C. Moulton, Oct., 1857, under title of Independent 
 Press; continued till May, 1858. Removed soon after to Albany and 
 published under title of Albany Times, by I. S. Dexter and Tates T. 
 Lacey ; conducted by them till spring of 1860 ; Joseph Baker, one year ; 
 Dexter and Gustave Klaesy, till Aug., 1862 ; then suspended, as the 
 entire office force enlisted in the army. Revived Oct., 1865, as Albany 
 Journal, by C. W. Osgood and J. E. Bartlett ; suspended May, 1866. See 
 chapter on Newspaper Press, in History of Green County (Springfield, 
 111., 1884). 
 
 Albany Joubnai, (w). 1879- July, 1889. 4 v. Oct., 1890-Oct, 1891. Fs. 
 Second paper of this name ; established June, 1878, by Brundage & 
 Bullock ; conducted by John E. Bartlett, Jan. 1879-Aug., 1890 ; then 
 suspended. Revived in following Oct. by A. W. Thorpe ; conducted by him 
 till its final suspension, Nov., 1891. File for Oct., 1890-Oct., 1891, 
 bound with Albany Vindicator, 1891-92. 
 [293] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Albans 1 , Wis., continued: 
 
 Albany Joubnal (w). Nov., 1895-Feb., 1896. P«. 
 
 Successor of Belleville News, q. v. Conducted by C. E. Marks, till sus- 
 pension, Feb., 1896. Plant moved to Waunakee (q. v., under News). 
 
 Albany Vindicator (w). 1885. F«. 1886-1908. 11 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 
 Established Nov., 1883. Publishers and editors : Vindicator Pub. Co., 
 Nov. 1883-May, 1887; Hills & Atherton, May, 1887-Mar., 1888; E. B. 
 Atherton, Mar., 1888, to date. Prohibitionist until July, 1890 ; now In- 
 dependent. 
 
 Albion 
 
 Campus (m). Vol. 1. June, 1890-June, 1891. Q. 
 
 Published by students of Albion Academy ; M. J. Babcock, chief editor. 
 
 Algonia 
 
 Algoma Recobd (w). Sept., 1897-99. F«. 1900-1909. 5 v. Fs. 1910+ 
 Continuation of Ahnapee Record, q. v. Published by D. W. Stebbins 
 till October ; J. E. Harris, Oct., 1897-Oet., 1898 ; H. J. Sanderson, Oct., 
 1898-Mar., 1899; Sanderson and W. H. Machia, Mar., 1899-Mar., 1901; 
 Record Pub. Co., Mar., 1901-Apr., 1902 ; Edward Decker and W. H. 
 Machia, Apr., 1902-Dec, 1905 ; Record Pub. Co., 1906-June, 1907 ; 
 Prank Elliott, June, 1907-May, 1910 ; since then by Record Pub. Co. 
 Republican. 
 
 Alma Center 
 
 Alma Centre Hebald (w). Feb., 1898-Sept., 1899. F e. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1898, by Henry Russel, and conducted by him till sus- 
 pension in 1899. After Mar. 22, 1899, Russel's name appears as editor 
 only. 
 
 Alma Center News (w). July, 1906+ F». 
 
 Founded 1902. Published by Richardson & Peabody till 1905 ; since 
 then by Peabody & Peabody. Republican. 
 
 Amery 
 
 Amery Echo (w). June, 1889-July, 1891. Fa. 
 
 Successor of Barron Co. Independent, q. v., under Barron ; published by 
 Claude B. Dodge ; suspended July, 1891. Republican. 
 
 Alma 
 
 Alma Journal (w) . 1864. F ». 
 
 With Alma Weekly Express, 1869-70. Founded Apr., 1861, by James 
 M. Brackett, under title of Buffalo Go. Journal; conducted by him till 
 June, 1862 ; then sold to R. H. Copeland, and styled Alma Journal; pur- 
 chased from Copeland by Brackett, June, 1864 ; ten months later, sold 
 to Jacob Iberg and John Hunner, and edited by Copeland ; conducted by 
 them, Apr., 1865-66 ; John Hunner Jr., 1867 ; Hunner and C. Moser, 
 1868 ; Perkins, McBride & Ostrander to July, 1869 (by them styled 
 Alma Journal and Beef Slough Advocate) ; then purchased by George W. 
 Gilkey and John E. Stillman, and styled Alma Weekly Empress, q. v. 
 
 [294] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Buffalo County Journal (w). 1879-1908. 10 v. P«. 1909+ 
 
 Contlnnation of Alma Weekly Express, q. v. ; published by J. W. DeGroff 
 till 1890 ; since then by Edwin F. Ganz. Republican. 
 
 Alma Weekly Express. July, 1869-70. F ». 1874-78. 2- v. Ft. 
 
 Continuation (July, 1869) of Alma Journal, q. v.; published by George 
 W. Gilkey and John E. Stillman till 1871 ; John Hunner and J. W. De- 
 Groff, one month ; Hunner and C. L. James (son of the novelist, G. P. R. 
 James), one year; DeGroff & James, 1872-April, 1873; DeGroff and A. 
 Rockwell, a few months ; then by DeGroff alone. Styled Buffalo Journal. 
 (its original title in 1861), June, 1879. Republican. 
 
 Antigo 
 
 Antlgo Herald (w). Sept., 1901-1909, 4 v. F». 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1888 by Edward Goebel, and since conducted by him. Dem- 
 ocratic. 
 
 Antlgo Weekly News Item. Aug., 1882-1909. 14 v. F». 1910+ 
 
 Established Aug., 1882, by Millard Bros. ; published by them till Apr., 
 1893 ; Millard Publishing Co., Apr., 1893-1899 ; since then by W. H. 
 Dawley. Edited by A. B. Millard till 1899 ; since then successively by 
 Dawley, E. A. Egery, and Charles W. Ogden. Democratic. 
 
 Antlgo Republican (w). Feb., 1889-90. F«. 1891-June, 1893. Ft. 
 July, 1893-1909. 8 v. F<>. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1880, under title of New County Republican; later, 
 styled Langlade Co. Republican (Mar., 1880-Aug., 1884) ; Forward (Aug., 
 1884-Mar., 18861 ; Antigo Republican (since Mar., 1886). Publishers 
 and editors ; Republican Publishing Co., 1880 ; G. Lind, 1881-Aug., 1884 ; 
 C. A. Martin, Aug., 1884-Mar., 1886; John A. Ogden, Mar., 1886-1901; 
 C. O. Marsh, 1901-1906; since then J. T. Brown. Edited by G. D. Rat- 
 cliffe, 1880-Aug., 1884. 
 
 Woodland Homes. Vol. 1, No. 1. Nov. 1, 1883. 
 
 Appleton 
 
 Appleton Crescent (w). 1853, 3 nos. 1854-56. F«. 1857-76. 6 v. 
 Ft. 1877-79. Fa. 1880-May, 1889. 3 v. F?. June, 1889-1906. 
 9 v. F «-». 
 
 Same (d). Apr., 1879-Mar., 1903. 12 v. Fe. Apr., 1903-1910. 
 
 21 v. F ». 1911+ 
 
 First paper in Outagamie County ; established Feb., 1853, by Samuel 
 Ryan Jr. ; owned and edited by him and his brother James (except when 
 edited by Rolla Law, 1854-Sept, 1855 ; and Henry D. Ryan, during Sam- 
 uel's absence in the army, 1861-64), till death of Samuel Ryan In 1907; 
 since then by Samuel J. Ryan. Daily edition Issued since Oct., 1890. 
 Democratic. 
 
 Gboenwabt (s-w). Nov., 1898-1909. 10 v. P«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1890 ; published w. until 1898, by Gegenwart Pub. Co., 
 changed to s.-w. to furnish prompter news of Spanish-American War, 
 and so continued. Edited since 1895 by Carl Seeger ; managed by H. W. 
 Meyer. Independent. 
 
 [295] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Appleton, Wis., continued: 
 
 Haus-Schatz (w). 1896-97. F*. 
 See also Montags-Blatt. 
 
 Fox River Jotjenal (w). Feb. 1905-1908. 2 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1903 by Dr. E. H. Henry ; absorbed at once Weekly Advertiser 
 (founded Apr., 1902 by Charles Nelson and Millard Greullch). Conducted 
 by Henry and I. S. Dunn till Jan., 1904 ; since then by E. J. Westphal (W. 
 B. Daniels, Carl W. Mason and W. L. Haight, city editors). Retained 
 Advertiser as sub-title till 1904. Issued daily edition in fall of 1910. 
 
 , Republican under Henry ; since then Independent Progressive. 
 
 Mendel's Aurora (m; w). Mar., 1879-Jan., 1890. Q. 
 
 Of irregular issue ; published by George E. Mendel, a deaf-mute ; title 
 changed frequently ; removed to Seymour, May, 1880-Sept., 1882 J then 
 returned to Appleton ; last title known is Tid-Bits, Jan., 1890. 
 
 Montags-Blatt (w). Oct., 1894-1897. 2 v. F «. 1900-1910. 7 y. 
 
 Fs. 1911+ 
 
 Issued since Oct., 1894, as successor of Yolksfreund und Haas Sckatz, 
 q. v. Now issues a supplement, Der Haus-Schatz. Published since 1905 
 by H. W. Meyer ; edited by Carl Seeger. Non-political. 
 
 Appleton Motob (w). Aug., 1859-Sept., 1866. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1859, by Frank A. Ryan and F. C. Meade; conducted by 
 them two months ; Ryan and B. D. Ross, Oct., 1859-July, 1863 ; Ross 
 alone, till Sept., 1866 ; then sold to Henry Pomeroy, and continued under 
 title of Appleton Post, q. v. Independent, for a time ; later, Independent 
 Republican. File for Aug.-Dec, 1859, bound with Appleton Orescent, 
 1857-59. 
 
 People's Champion (w). Oct., 1879-July, 1880. Fs. 
 
 See same title under Fond du Lac. With People's Champion, Fond du 
 Lac, 1878-79. 
 
 Appleton Post (w). Sept., 1866-80. 4 v. Ft. 1881-1909. 15 V. F«. 
 
 1910+ 
 
 Successor of Appleton Motor, q. v. ; conducted by Henry Pomeroy, one 
 month; Pomeroy and Clarence W. Baker, Oct., 1866 — May, 1867; Baker 
 alone July, 1867-June, 1868 (A. J. Reid and E. I. Grumley, editors dur- 
 ing last three months) ; Reid and Grumley, June-Sept., 1868 ; R. and J. 
 Buchanan, one year; A. J. Reid and G. M. Miller, Oct., 1869-Apr., 1875; 
 since then published by Post Pub. Co., and edited by A. J. Reid (except 
 during five years' absence), till his death, Jan., 1910. Other editors: 
 T. B. Reid, Dec, 1881, to date ; E. P. Humphrey, Jan., 1889, to date. 
 Styled Appleton Weekly Post since Apr., 1889. Daily edition issued in 
 1880, and regularly since May, 1883. Republican. 
 
 Spibittjalist (m). June-Aug., Nov.-Dec, 1868. Fa. 
 
 Established Jan., 1868, by Joseph Baker ; removed to Janesville in Oct., 
 following, and issued weekly. 
 
 Appleton Volksfeeund (w). 1874-Aug., 1877. Ft. Sept., 1877-1910; 
 18 v. F «. 1911+ 
 Founded Mar., 1870. Absorbed Chilton Volksbote in 1883, ClintonvMle 
 [296] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Lake Shore Wilchter in Mar., 1891 (the titles of those papers appearing 
 as subtitles of Volksfreund), Kaukauna Zeitung in 1895, Deutsche 
 Ohronik of Weyauwega in 1908, Winnebago Anzeiger of Menasha in 1909. 
 After 1891, publishers: Erb, Schindelmeisen & Co., Mar.-June, 1870; 
 Herman Erb and Gustav Selbach, June, 1870-June, 1871 ; Selbach & 
 Meyer, June, 1871-72 ; H. W. Meyer, since 1872. Editors : Herman Erb, 
 1870-71; H. W. Meyer, 1872-80; Gustav Commentz, July, 1881-Sept, 
 1883 ; Franz Stummer, Nov., 1883-Oct., 1890 ; George Meyer, 1891- 
 Apr., 1892 ; H. Ellerman, Apr., 1892-Nov., 1895 ; since then Carl Seeger. 
 Independent. 
 
 Vouesfbeund und Haus Schatz (w). 1892-Oct., 1894. F«. 
 
 Literary and family edition of Volksfreund; established Mar., 1891 ; 
 since Oct , 1894, styled MontagsBlatt, q. v. Bound with news edition of 
 Volksfreund. 
 
 Arcadia 
 
 Abcadian (w). May, 1895-Aug., 1907. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Established May, 1895, by E. G. Parlin. Conducted by S. G. Wheeler, 
 1898-1900 ; David Stevens, 1900-1907, when he moved his plant to 
 Beacher, 111. Independent till 1900 ; then Republican. 
 
 Arcadia Leader (w). July, 1875-Nov., 1877. Ft. 
 
 Established July, 1875, by Hacston & Hollenbeck ; published by them till 
 Apr., 1876 ; C. E. Hollenbeck & Co., one year ; Noah D. Comstock, Apr.- 
 Dec, 1877 ; then merged in Trempealeau Co. Republican, Trempealeau, 
 q. V. 
 
 Leadeb (w). 1891-Feb., 1892. Ft. Feb., 1892-1893. F*s. 1894-99. 
 2 v. F'. 1900-1909. 5 v. Ps. 1910+ 
 
 Continuation of Republican and Leader, q. v. Published by George 
 Mathys and J. G. Faulds, Jan., 1890-July, 1891 ; Faulds and A. J. 
 Gowie, July, 1891-Aug., 1893 ; Faulds alone till Feb., 1894 ; P. J. and 
 L. G. Barth till Apr., 1896 ; P. J. Barth, Apr., 1896-Nov., 1902 (except 
 Mar.-June, 1901, by W. G. Cameron) ; Maloney & Theuver, Nov., 1902- 
 Jan., 1904, since then by Albert Hess. Democratic. 
 
 Republican and Leader (w). 1882-90. 3 v. F?. 
 
 Continuation of Trempealeau Co. Republican and Arcadia Leader; con- 
 ducted by Charles A. Leith till Dec, 1883 ; F. F. and E. A. Morgan, Jan.- 
 May, 1884 ; F. F. Morgan, May, 1884-Jan., 1887 ; Morgan and Truman 
 F. Ball, three months; Ball alone, Mar., 1887-June, 1888; George Z. 
 Heuston, six months ; George and Leonard Mathys, 1889 ; continued as 
 Leader, q. v., Jan., 1890. Republican till 1889 ; Democratic under Mathys 
 Bros. 
 
 Trempealeau County Republican and Arcadia Leader (w). 1879-81. 
 
 FT. 
 
 Removed from Trempealeau, q. v., Jan., 1878 ; during Jan., 1881, styled 
 Republican-Leader of Trempealeau County; then Republican and Lea- 
 der, q. v. 
 
 Arena 
 
 Rubal Ete (w). 1887-88. F». 
 
 Established Dec, 1886, by Thomas and Peavy ; removed to Dodgeville, 
 Nov., 1888, and edited by M. D. Peavy, united with Dodgeville Star, Sept., 
 1889, and continued as Eye and Star, q. v. Independent Prohibition. 
 
 [297] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Arena, Wis., continued: 
 
 Arena Stab (w). 1877-Nov., 1883. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established June, 1874, by W. H. Goodlad and — Flower under the title 
 of Star; styled Arena Star, June, 1878. Publishers and editors; M. D. 
 Peavy and W. C. Meffert, Dec, 1874-July, 1877 ; Peavy and W. H. Jones, 
 July, 1877-June, 1878; J. T. Shumway, till his death, Jan., 1880; D. H. 
 Williams, Jan., 1880-Aug., 1881 ; George E. Ward, three months ; S. E. 
 Bentley, Nov., 1881-Nov., 1883 ; sold to O. C. Smith and J. P. Streeter, 
 removed to Dodgeville, and styled Dodgeville Star, q. v. Independent 
 during most of Its course ; under Shumway, supported National Green- 
 back platform. Pile for Jan.-Nov., 1883, bound with Dodgeville Star, 
 1883-86. 
 
 Ashland 
 
 Ashland Appeal (m). Aug.-Oct, 1894. Fb. 
 
 With Wis. Labor Newspapers, Misc., 1890-96. Devoted to interests 
 of organized labor; official paper of Central Labor Union of Chequame- 
 gon Bay, and published, under its direction by John O. Hall and John P. 
 Miles; succeeded by Commonwealth, q. v. 
 
 Ashland Commonwealth (w). Nov.-Dec, 1894. F&. 
 
 With Wis. Labor Newspajiers, Misc., 1890-96. Successor of Appeal; 
 remained organ of Central Labor Union ; edited by Chalmers S. Baird 
 till suspension at close of 1894. Populist. 
 
 Helping Hand (m). Mar., 1896-1899; Jan., Feb., Mar., June, 1900; 
 
 Sept., 1900-June, 1903. O. 
 
 Conducted by Stanley E. Lathrop ; a personal journal of editor ; de- 
 voted to Congregational missions and to soliciting gifts of books for free 
 traveling libraries in Northern Wisconsin. Issued at Washburn till Mar., 
 1896. 
 
 Weekly Leader. Feb.-July, 1899. Ft. 
 
 Pounded Feb., 1899 by A. W. Bowron and D. E. Eichter; edited by 
 Eichter. Suspended July, 1899. 
 
 Ashland News (d). 1896-98. 6 v. F«. 1899-1910. 34 v. F». 1911-f 
 
 Pounded 1885. Published by John S. Saul, 1886-90 (with — 
 
 Murphy, 1888) ; since then by Ashland News Co. (except Aug., 1900- 
 
 Oct., 1903, by J. C. and Burt Williamal. Edited by Clarence Snyder, 
 
 1891-95 ; now by Burt Williams. Democratic. 
 
 Ashland Press (w). June, 1872-May, 1877. 2 v. Fb. June, 1877- 
 June, 1892. 5 v. F7. July, 18,92-1908. 8 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Same (d). Jan.-June, 1898; 1899-Mar.,1906. 24 v. Fe. 
 
 Successor of Bayfield Press, q. v. ; removed hither from Bayfield, June, 
 1872 ; conducted by S. S. and H. O. Fifleld till June, 1874 ; S. S. Pifleld, 
 till June, 1889; J. M. Chappie till June, 1910; owned by Ash- 
 land Press Co., and edited by J. T. Hooper till Sept., 3911; owned and 
 edited by Robert E. Knoff, Sept. 9-30 ; then owned by Ashland Press 
 Co. and edited by Knoff till Nov. ; since then again edited by Joseph M. 
 Chappie & Co. ; styled Ashland ' Weekly Press since Oct., 1893. Daily 
 edition began in 1888. Republican ; now Progressive Republican. File 
 for June^Dec, 1872, is bound with Bayfield Press, 1870-72. 
 
 [298] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Augusta 
 
 Augusta Eagle (w). July, 1874-Apr., 1880. W«. May, 1880-1909. 
 13 v. P6. . 1910+ 
 
 Founded July, 1874, by Griff. O. Jones, and conducted by him till Jan. 
 1900; D. S. Benedict, Jan.-Sept., 1900: Wilson & Masters, Sept., 190O- 
 June, 1907 ; since then by E. J. Wilson. Republican. 
 
 Augusta Hebald (w). Sept., 1871-Nov., 1873. F«. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1869, by George W. Brown ; styled Herald after Mar., 
 1872 ; sold by him to J. M. Smith and C. F. Warren., 1873, and there- 
 after edited by Julius C. Chandler ; in following July removed to Eau 
 Claire by Smith ; suspended Nov., 1873. Republican. 
 
 Baldwin 
 
 Baldwin Bulletin (w). 1874-Aug., 1879. 2 v. F«. Sept., 1879-Jan., 
 
 1886. 2 v. F"\ 1886-1908. 11 v.. F<s. 1909 + 
 
 Established Nov., 1873, by Ed. Borcherdt; conducted by him till Aug., 
 1874 ; J. H. Monteflore, Aug., 1874 — Aug., 1879 ; H. A. Clapp, three 
 months ; then purchased by Ira C. Edwards and P. J. Byrne, and styled 
 Independent; conducted by them till Apr., 1880; Byrne alone, till follow- 
 ing June ; TV. D. Acherman, till Jan., 1881. Purchased by D. R. Bailey 
 (who had owned the paper Oct., 1874 — Sept., 1879), and again* styled 
 Bulletin. Conducted by Bailey and Ferd. Peachman, 1881-82 ; Peachman 
 alone, Dec, 1882-91 ; Harvey and Orestes Hawley, 1892 — June, 1893 ; 
 since then by O. K. Hawley. Republican (except under Byrne and Edwards, 
 when it was Independent). 
 
 Independent (w). Nov., 1879-Jan., 1881. Fs. 
 With Baldwin Bulletin, q. v., 1879-82. 
 
 Baraboo 
 
 Baraboo Weekly BtrmjnN. Oct., 1880-82. F «. 
 
 Established Dec, 1879, by Walter Noyes and C. W. Dykins, as Sauk Co. 
 Republican, q. v. ; after two months, conducted by C. W. and James Dykins 
 till Oct., 1880 ; then sold to H. C. Hansbrough and J. S. Briscoe, and 
 styled Weekly Bulletin; conducted by them till June, 1882; merged In 
 Wis. Prohibitionist (published by S. W. Horner and W. J. McKay) till 
 Aug. following ; then took title of Baraboo Bulletin, under conduct of E. 
 A. Carter ; sold to H. T. Haskin and H. T. Willey, Dec, 1882 ; merged in 
 (in nk Co. Democrat, Mar., 1883. Republican. 
 
 Sauk County Demogbat (w). Jan. 6, 1880; Mar., 1880-1909. 11 v. FT. 
 1910+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1880, by Joshua G. Ford, under title Ford's Sauk Co. 
 Democrat ; sold to E. A. Runge and Herman Grotophorst, June, 1886, and 
 styled Sauk Co. Democrat; conducted by them till June, 1890 ; then pur- 
 chased by Runge ; after July, 1891, edited by Ed. L. Lucknow ; purchased 
 from Runge, Feb., 1895, and now conducted by Lucknow. Absorbed Bulletin 
 Mar., 1883. 
 
 Independent (w). July, 1867-68. F'. 
 
 Founded July, 1866, by D. K. Noyes ; sold by him after one year to W. 
 H. Canfleld, M. J. Drown, and D. S. Vittum ; soon after, rented to Peter 
 
 [299] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Bababoo, Wis., continued: 
 
 Richards and J. C. Chandler for three months ; at end of that time, re- 
 sumed by Canfleld, who continued as editor till Dec, 1868 (his interest, 
 however, being purchased in preceding August by Drown & Vittum) ; edited 
 by F. E. Everett, Dec, 1868, till suspension in June, 1869. Independent; 
 Democratic under Canfleld. Succeeded Jan., 1870, by Sauk Co. Herald 
 (Republican), under conduct of J. C. Chandler, which was suspended in 
 following July. File bound with Baraboo Republic, 1867-69. 
 
 Baraboo News (w). Feb., 1906-1909. 2 v. Fa. 1910+ 
 
 Founded May, 1884, by J. F, Kartack, and conducted by him till May, 
 1896 (with his brother, G. A. Kartack for a time; with H. B. Cole and 
 A. D. Dorsett, after May, 1894). In May, 1896, Kartack sold his share 
 to J. K. Matchett, who in turn sold to Cole and Dorsett In Oct. In Jan., 
 1906, Dorsett sold to Cole, who has since conducted paper (with H. K. 
 Page, since Jan., 1910). Republican. 
 
 Baraboo Republican (w). May, 1855-66. 3 v. F«. 1867-Apr., 1882. 
 
 5 v. Ft. May, 1882-Nov., 1891. 4 v. Fe. Dec, 1891-93. Ft. 
 
 1894-1909. 8 v. Fe. 1910+ 
 
 Established 1855, by D. K. and S. Noyes ; published by them eight 
 months ; D. K. Noyes and Henry A. Perkins, one year ; Perkins and Anson 
 N. Kellogg, Oct., 1856— Jan., 1860 ; Kellogg alone, Jan., 1860— May., 1862 ; 
 Charles E. Stuart and John W. Blake, June, 1862 — Aug., 1863 ; Blake 
 alone till Apr., 1865; William Hill, Apr., 1865 — Aug., 1872; Joseph I. 
 Weirich, Sept., 1872, till his death, Dec, 1877 (in partnership with E. 
 E. Woodman after Mar., 1874) ; Woodman till Oct., 1881 (in partnership 
 with John H. Powers after Dec, 1879) ; J. H. Powers, till Apr., 1891, when 
 the paper was sold to a stock company and edited by W. H. Bennett ; one 
 year later, Nicholas Smith purchased the stock and sold it (Apr., 1893) to 
 John H. Powers and Joseph S. Briscoe ; after six months, Briscoe's interest 
 was sold to Powers ; in 1895 he sold an interest to S. J. and G. H. Hood, 
 who have been sole owners since 1901. The first "patent inside" printed in 
 the United States was used by the Republic July, 1861, the invention of 
 A. N. Kellogg, when his compositors enlisted in the army ; one side 
 (chiefly local matter) was printed at home, the other (chiefly state items 
 and telegraphic news of the War of Secession) was printed by the Wis. 
 State Journal, Madison. Republican. 
 
 Saute County Republican (w). Jan.-Oct, 1880. F«. 
 
 See Weekly Bulletin, note. File bound with Sauk Co. Democrat, 1880- 
 83. 
 
 Review (bi-w). Vol. 2. Sept., 1893-June, 189©. Q. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1894 ; Virgil H. Cady, editor ; conducted in interest of 
 Baraboo high school. 
 
 Dollar Times. 
 
 See same title under Spring Green. 
 
 Barron 
 
 Barron County Independent (w). Apr., 1888-May, 1889. F«. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1886, at Cumberland, by S. S. Hull ; removed to Cam- 
 eron two months later ; purchased by Claude B. Dodge, Feb., 1888, and 
 removed to Barron ; removed to Amery, q. v., May, 1889. 
 
 [300] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Barron County Shield (w). Oct., 1876-94. 8 v. F«. 1895+ 
 
 Founded Oct., 1876. Publishers and editors : A. Dewey, Oct., 1876 — 
 Nov., 1879 ; Walter Speed & Co., Dec, 1879— July, 1883 ; Charles S. Tay- 
 lor, July, 1883— Jan., 1894 ; Thomas Dovery, Jan., 1894 — May, 1904 ; W. 
 R. Hotchkiss, May, 1904— Oct., 1908 ; P. B. Gessler, Oct.,1908— Oct., 1909 ; 
 since then, Durnal & Dretzke. Republican. 
 
 Bayfield 
 
 Bayfield Mebcuby (w). Aug. 22, 1857. 
 
 Established June, 1857, by Hamilton & Hatch ; first paper in Bayfield 
 County ; suspended in following Oct. Democratic. 
 
 Bayfield Press (w). Oct., 1870-72. F«. 
 
 Established Oct., 1870, by S. S. and H. O. Pifield ; second paper of this 
 name ; removed to Ashland, q. v., June, 1872. Republican. 
 
 Bayfield Press (w). June, 1877-Jan., 1879; July, 1881-1906. 12 v. 
 F5. 1907+ 
 
 Established June, 1877, by S. S. Fifield and Morris Edwards ; sold by 
 former to Isaac H. Wing, Apr., 1880 ; edited by D. L. Stinchfield, May, 
 1879 — May, 1881 ; D. H. Pulcifer, four months ; A. C. Stevens, Oct., 1881 — 
 Sept., 1882 ; then sold by Wing to Currie G. Bell ; conducted by him till 
 May, 1908 ; since then by Donald C. Bell. Styled Bayfield Co. Press 
 since Nov., 1882. In 1886 published series of articles giving legendary and 
 historical account of islands of Lake Superior, by George F. Thomas, 
 author of Legends of the Land of Lakes (re-published in 1907) ; also, 
 other articles descriptive of Apostle Islands and like points of interest. 
 Republican. 
 
 Bayfield Peoobess (w). Sept., 1909+ P«, 
 
 Founded June, 1909 by Henry Wachsmuth. Since published by L. 
 Wachsmuth ; edited by W. H. Holmes, formerly of Waupaca Republican. 
 Independent Progressive. 
 
 Beaver Dam 
 
 Beaver Dam Abgub (w). Dec, 1860-66. 2 v. Fi, 1867-1900. 11 v. 
 FT. 1901-1908. 4 v. F6. 1909+ 
 
 Successor of Dodge Co. Excelsior (founded Sept., 1860, by John A. Far- 
 rel) and of Horicon Argus, q. v. ; latter removed hither from Horicon, Dec, 
 1860, by B. W. Curtis ; conducted by him (and edited a short time by J. C. 
 Bunner), Dec, 1860 — Jan., 1863; B. F. Sherman, Feb., 1863, to date 
 (In partnership with D. C. Gowdy, Feb., 1863— June, 1884 ; with F. A. 
 Hutchins, July, 1884 — Jan., 1891; since then, with William H. Sherman). 
 Styled Beaver Dam Argus and Farm Mortgage League, July, 1864 — Mar., 
 1866. Democratic 
 
 Dodge County Citizen (w). May, 1856-Apr., 1858; June, 1859-May, 
 1861; Oct., 1862-63. 2 v. Pi. 1864-1902. 13 v. Ft. 1903- 
 1908. 4 v. F o. 1909+ 
 
 Established Apr., 1856, by M. Cullaton : conducted by him till Nov., 
 1858 ; G. H. Wells, Nov., 1858 — June, 1861 ; then suspended. Revived Oct., 
 1862, by Thomas Hughes and George H. Shaw ; conducted by Hughes 
 (in partnership with Shaw, three weeks ; with Hiram A. Reid, Oct., 1862 — 
 Oct., 1868; with S. B. Allen, Oct., 1869— Oct., 1876) until Mar., 1910; 
 
 [301] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Beaver Dam, Wis., continued: 
 
 since then by E. E. Parker & Son. Absorbed Democratic Post (successor 
 of Republican, q. v.), May, 1857. Issued daily edition during political 
 campaign of 1856, and again in winter of 1857-58. Republican. ' 
 
 Beaver Dam Democrat (w). Apr., 1859-61. F«. 
 
 Established Nov., 1858, by Carr Huntington, styled Whig of Seventy Six 
 and Beaver Dam Democrat, q. </., Jan., 1862 ; sub-title dropped Mar., 1862 ; 
 removed to Juneau, Feb., 1863 ; suspended in following Sept. Democratic ; 
 supported Federal Government In War of Secession. File for Apr. — Dec., 
 1859, bound with Fox Lake Gazette, 1858-59. 
 
 Beaver Dam Republican (w). Mar., 1854-Mar., 1857. F7. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1853, by Edgar C. Hull ; published by him four years 
 (in partnership with John R. Swallow, July, 1855 — June, 1856 ; with 
 Thomas Merfield, July, 1856 — Jan., 1857) ; edited by S. C. Chandler, Aug., 
 1856 — Jan., 1857 ; sold to C. S. Phelps, Mar., 1857, and styled Democratic 
 Post; edited by H. B. Phelps; merged in Dodge Co.' Citizen, May, 1857. 
 Issued daily edition, Mar., 1856 — Feb., 1857; and tri-weekly, July — Dec, 
 1856. In Apr., 1855, absorbed Beaver Dam Sentinel (founded Nov., 1854, 
 by N. V. Chandler, as a Democratic organ ; after two months, conducted by 
 George C. Haddock and A. Scott Sloan, under direction of stockholders) ; 
 was then styled Republican and Sentinel. Published also Western World 
 (m) ; founded July, 1855; literary; mainly reprint from Republican and 
 Sentinel. "Know-Nothing" in 1854 ; afterwards Democratic. 
 
 Whig of Seventy-Six, and Beaver Dam Democrat (w). 1862-July, 
 1863. F b. 
 
 With Beaver Dam Democrat, 1860-61, q. v. 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Belleville News (w). Feb.-Oct, 1895. Fe. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1895; published by News Pub. Co.-; edited by C. R. 
 Marks ; removed to Albany following Oct., and continued as Albany Jour- 
 nal, q. v. 
 
 Belleville Recorder (w). Oct., 1902+ F«. 
 See Sugar River Recorder. 
 
 Sugar River Recorder (w). 1890-Oct, 1902. 6 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1886, by J. M. Williams, and conducted by him till Mar., 
 1898 ; Williams & Son, Mar., 1898 — Jan., 1904 ; Williams Bros., Jan., 
 —Apr., 1904; H. L. Williams, Apr., 1904 — Mar'., 1905. Then sold to S. A. 
 Wheelwright, and conducted by him till May, 1907 ; since then by R. E. 
 Adamson. Styled Belleville Recorder, q. v., since Oct., 1902. Inde- 
 pendent Republican. 
 
 Belmont 
 
 Belmont Bee (w). Mar -Aug., 1894 (with Wis. Labor Newspapers, 
 1890-96); May, 1898-Aug., 1901. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Successor of Montfort Monitor. Founded Mar., 1894, by J. A. Conley 
 and H. A. Breese. Conducted by Conley till June, 1898, then sold to 
 John W. Chambers, and conducted by him till suspension, Aug., 1901. 
 Chambers moved to Benton and founded Advocate. 
 
 [302] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Belmont Gazette (w). Oct., 1836- Apr., 1837. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1836, by James Clarke (of Harrisbui'g, Pa.) and John B. 
 Kussell. First paper in Wisconsin, west of Milwaukee ; successor of Galen- 
 ian, q. v., under Galena, 111. ; at close of first session of Wisconsin Terri- 
 torial legislature, removed to new seat of government, Burlington (now in 
 Towal ; there continued as Wis. Territorial Gazette, q. v. ; its press and 
 type were used in founding Miners' Free Press at Mineral Point, q. v. 
 
 Beloit 
 
 Beloit Argus (w). 1885-Sept., 1886. F«. 
 
 Established Jan., 1885, as successor of Outlook, q. v., by W. F. Palmer ; 
 conducted by him until July, 1886 ; H. H. Swain, July, 1886 — Jan., 1887 ; 
 H. C. Brown, six months; F. F. Livermore, July, 1887 — May, 1888. A 
 stock company was then formed by Livermore and others, and Argus 
 changed to Citizen (d and w), with F. A. Marsh as editor; weekly edition 
 still issued in 1892, by T. S. Morgan, publisher of Daily Grit; probably 
 suspended by 1893. Daily edition issued Mar. — Sept., 1886, being styled 
 Beloit Evening Argus. At first Independent Democratic, then non-partisan. 
 
 Beloit College Monthly. Vols. 1-3. 1853-56. Q. Vols. 4-6, 8-10, 
 12-16, 18-20. 1856-59, 1860-64, 1865-70, 1871-74. Indexed. 14 T. 
 O. Vol. 21. 1874-75. Q. 
 
 Founded 1853, by an association of students of Beloit College ; styled 
 Beloit Monthly, 1874. Among its editors were J. A. Brewster, Alexander 
 Kerr, H. L. Marsh (1853), C. C. Kimball (1856-58), O. A. Willard (1859), 
 A. M. May and A. O. Wright (1863-64) ; P. Hendrickson (1865-66), S. E. 
 Lathrop (1867). W. C. Bailey (1867-69), E. P. Salmon (1868), S. P. 
 Wilder (1869-70), B. D. Baton (1871-72), J. A. Truesdell (1874-75). 
 United with Round Table, q. v., Sept., 1875. 
 
 Our Church Life (m). Vols. 1-4. Nov., 1894-Oct., 1898. F. 
 
 Organ of Wis. Home Missionary Society. Removed to Menasha, q. v., 
 Nov., 1898. i ! | 
 
 Beloit Free Press (w). 1871-94. 8 v. Fs. 1895-1902. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Second paper of this name (see Journal, 1871, note) ; established by 
 Chalmers Ingersoll, Sept., 1870, and conducted by him till Mar., 1887 
 (in partnership with N. O. Perkins, Sept. — Nov., 1870, and Nov., 1871 — 
 Nov., 1872 ; with E. D. Coe, Apr. — Oct., 1871 ; with Henry F. Hobart, Nov., 
 1873 — Mar., 1877) ; by Hobart, Apr., 1877 — Oct.. 1882 (in partnership 
 with Ingersoll after Mar., 1881) ; Ingersoll alone till 1904; then by Inger- 
 soll & Hanna. Since 1907 published by Free Press Pub. Co. Now edited 
 by J. S. Hubbard. Absorbed Journal q. v., Apr., 1871. Series of articles 
 on "Early History of Beloit," by R. P. Crane, was published in Free Press, 
 Jan. — Mar., 1878. Republican. 
 
 Free Press (d). 1879-81. 3 v. F*. 1882-1910. 63 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1878, under title of Daily Phonograph, by J. W. Cary, H. 
 F. Hobart, and others ; after one month Hobart became sole proprietor ; 
 edited by George E. Farrar till Dec. ; merged in Free Press, Jan., 1879, 
 and thereafter issued as daily edition of that paper, under title of Datty 
 Free Press. 
 
 Beloit Graphic (w). 1877-July, 1880. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Published by F. E. Fillmore and W. D. Mathews 1877— -May, 1878 ; Fill- 
 more alone till his death, Jan., 1879 ; Otis H. Brand and Carleton B. Case, 
 
 [303] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Beloit, Wis., continued: 
 
 Jan. — Aug., 1879 ; Brand alone till July, 1880 ; then merged in Outlook, 
 q. v. Democratic. 
 
 Beloit Journal (w). 1856-Sept., 1865. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 First permanent paper in Beloit ; founded June, 1848, by J. R. Briggs, 
 
 and conducted by him six years (in partnership with Stokes during 
 
 first few months ; with C. G. Foster, Sept. 1849 — May, 1854) ; Foster and 
 J. A. Brewster till July, 1855 ; then sold to A. Paine, J. J. Bushnell, and 
 Lucius G. Fisher ; after a few weeks, sold by them to H. L. Devereux ; con- 
 ducted by him till May, 1856 (in partnership with B. E. Hale, Jan. — May) ; 
 Hale alone, nine months ; B. E. Hale & Co., till Apr., 1859 ; Horatio Pratt, 
 one year (in partnership with William E. Hale till Jan., 1860'; with James 
 A. White, three months). Consolidated with Courier, Apr., 1860, and con- 
 ducted four years by Barrett H. Smith (in partnership with N. O. Perkins, 
 Apr., 1860— Nov., 1861 ; with Lathrop E. Smith, Not., 1861— Jan., 1863) ; 
 A. Paine, till July, 1867, then -merged in Free Press. Styled Journal and 
 Courier, Apr., 1860 — June, 1864. Whig, then Republican. 
 
 Beloit Herald (s-w) established by D. Anson Pratt, Nov., 1856; sold by 
 him in Apr., 1857, to DeLorma Brooks and D. P. Hickling ; continued by 
 them till May, 1859 ; then one-half was sold to N. O. Perkins, and name 
 changed to Herald and Times; six months later, Perkins became sole 
 owner ; continued by him till Apr., 1860 ; then merged in Journal. Daily 
 edition established Dec, 1856, but probably changed to tri-weekly after a 
 few months ; this later edition was suspended Feb., 1858, the weekly being 
 continued (styled Beloit Weekly Courier, after Jan., 1860). At first non- 
 partisan ; under Brooks, Democratic ; then for six months contained two 
 political departments — Republican, conducted by Perkins, and Democratic, 
 by Brooks ; after Nov., 1859, Republican. 
 
 Beloit Joubnal (w). Jan.-Mar., 1871. EX 
 
 Founded by Chalmers Ingersoll, Feb., 1866, under title of Free Press; 
 sold by him to M. Frank and C. L. Sholes, Aug., 1869 ; then styled Beloit 
 Journal, and conducted by them till Apr., 1870 ; T. O. Thompson, till Apr., 
 1,871 (in partnership with J. B. Dow, Apr. — Sept.. 1870; with E. D. Coe, 
 Oct., 1870 — Apr., 1871) ; then merged in Free Press (second paper of that 
 name), q. v. Republican. File bound with Free Press, 1871-73. 
 
 Beloit Outlook (w). 1880-81. Ft. 1882-84. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1879; published by J. A. Truesdell, 1880 — Nov., 1881; 
 Stephen Bowers and E. Prouty (inventor of Prouty press), six months; 
 Prouty alone or with various partners, till Sept., 1883 ; F. F. Livermore, 
 May, 1883 — Jan., 1885 ; then succeeded by Argus, q. v. Absorbed Graphic 
 in July, 1880. Styled Weekly Outlook after 1881. Daily edition issued 
 Nov., 1881 — Nov., 1882. Independent Republican till Sept., 1882; then 
 Prohibitionist. 
 
 Round Table (bi-w, w). 1879-80. Q. 1880-86. 2 v. O. 1895+ 
 
 Founded in 1874 by W. H. Can- and J. A. Truesdell ; consolidated with 
 Beloit Monthly, Sept., 1875, and style Round Table and College Monthly; 
 later, sub-title was dropped. Published by Archaean Union of Beloit Col- 
 lege; among college journals, in age second only to Yale Literary Magazine. 
 Editor-in-chief changes twice yearly. See Beloit College Monthly. 
 
 Benton 
 
 Benton Advocate (w). Sept., 1901-1907. 3 v. F«. 19'08+ ' ' 
 
 See Mining Times. 
 
 [304] 
 
w 
 
 lsconsin 
 
 Mining Times (w). Dec, 1894-Feb., 1901. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Established Dec, 1894, by H. A. Bresee, and published by him till 1900, 
 when succeeded by Benton Advocate (q. v.), conducted by J. W. Chambers. 
 Conducted since 1904 by Claude M. Vail. In issue for Dec~19, 1895, is a 
 history of Benton township. 
 
 Berlin 
 
 Berlin Courast (w). Aug., 1859-62. F». 1863-70. 2 v. Ft. 1871- 
 Feb., 1876. 2 v. F«. Mar., 1876-84. 3 v. Ft. 1895-June, 1887. 
 F«. 1888. Ft. 
 
 Successor (June, 1854) of Marquette Mercury, q. v.; conducted by J. G. 
 Tracy till Oct., following (in partnership with James V. Pitch during first 
 few weeks,' ; by Tracy and T. L. Terry, Oct., 1854, till early in 1855 ; Terry, 
 till Mar., 1871 (in partnership with J. G. Hunter, a few months ; with 
 S. S. Richards, until Sept., 1859 ; and with W. B. Arnold, 1858 — Mar., 
 1871) ; Arnold and D. P. Blackstone, Apr., 1871 — Aug., 1872 ; David Junor, 
 Sept., 1872 — Aug., 1875 ; Griff. J. Thomas, Aug., 1875— Sept., 1876 ; F. F. 
 Llvermore, Sept., 1876 — Sept., 1879; Junor again, Sept., 1879 — Dec, 1887; 
 L. E. Davis till about 1905 ; since then by B. Greveros. Styled Berlin 
 City Conrant until 1864; published semi-weekly, July — Sept., 1861. 
 Daily established July, 1885, but merged in Evening Journal Jan., 1887 ; 
 another daily issued in Jan. — Feb., 1891. In Sept., 1864, absorbed Green 
 Lake Spectator (founded Mar., 1861, by Uri Carruth and — Williams). 
 Democratic at first ; under Terry, became Republican. 
 
 Gkand Akmy Sentinel (m). Apr., 1874-Oct, 1875. F5. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1874, by Wis. Council of Administration. Edited by 
 Griff. J. Thomas, Apr. 1874 — Aug., 1875. Then removed to Milwaukee, 
 q. v. 
 
 Berlin Joubnal (w). Nov., 1876-May, 1881. 2 v. Ft. June, 1881- 
 83. F<s. 1884-85. Ft. 1886-87. F«. 1888. FT. 1889-1908. 10 v. 
 F«. 1909 + 
 
 Same (d). 1883-Feb., 1899. 32 v. F«. 
 
 Established Aug., 1870, by L. B. Everdell and — Williams ; succeeded 
 in Nov. by Charles G. Starks ; conducted by him to date. Daily edition 
 issued since Jan., 1881. Independent Republican. 
 
 Marquette Mekctjby (w). June 13, 1853. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1850, by J. H. Wells and A. E. Cooley ; conducted by 
 Wells (in partnership with Cooley a few weeks; and with George C. Gif- 
 ford, July, 1852 — Feb., 1853) till June, 1854 ; then sold to J. G. Tracy 
 and J. V. Fitch, and continued as Berlin Courant, q. v. Suspended dur- 
 ing F(?b.-Apr., 1853, because in Wells's absence Gifford appropriated the 
 press and type, and established a new paper, Northern Wisconsin, which-, 
 was compelled to suspend after one month, owing to legal proceedings 
 Instituted by Wells after his return. Democratic. 
 
 Black Creek 
 
 Black Creek Times (w). 1904-1909. 3 v. Fs. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1904, by Martin Bros., and conducted by them till May, 
 1904. Since then owned and conducted by F. H. Colburn. Republican. 
 
 20— N. C. [ 305 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Black Earth 
 
 Black Earth Advertiser ( w). Aug., 1870-75. 2 v. F«. 1876-88. 6 v. 
 
 Established early in 1868, by C. Burnett & Son ; edited by Clarence 
 Burnett (aided by H. B. Parnum, May — Dec, 1870) ; styled Advertiser 
 after 1883; absorbed Mt. Horeb Weekly News, June, 1887; removed to 
 Madison, Sept., 1888, and merged in Evening News, under the title of 
 News-Advertiser, q. v. Also issued monthly magazine, Our True Hope; 
 established Jan., 1874 ; suspended in following Sept. 
 
 Black River Falls 
 
 Badger State Banner (w). 1868-76. 3 v. F«. 1877-83. 4 v. Ft. 
 1884-1907. 12 v. Fe. 1908+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1856, mainly by W. T. Price. Publishers and editors; 
 Charles R. Stewart and M. V. B. Young, 1856-57 ; F. O. Brainerd (D. J. 
 Spaulding, part owner), 1857 — July, 1865; Brainerd and J. A. Watrous, till 
 Mar., 1866 ; Watrous and George W. Brown, nine months ; Watrous and 
 Frank Cooper, Dec., 1866 — Aug., 1869; Cooper (W. T. Price, part owner), 
 one year ; Frank and C. J. Cooper, 1870-73 ; Frank and George F. Cooper, 
 1873 — Feb., 1888 ; since then, George F. Cooper, under name of Cooper & 
 Co. ; H. F. Mason, editorial writer, 1881 — Apr., 1886. Styled Jackson Co. 
 Banner until Apr., 1868. Issued semi-weekly a short time in 1869. Pub- 
 lished a series of articles on "Early History of Chippewa Valley," in 1869 ; 
 and another, "Reminiscences of History of Black River Falls," Jan. — July, 
 1886. Issued also Temperance Friend (m), beginning Apr., 1869; edited 
 by J. A. Watrous. Republican. 
 
 Wisconsin Independent (w). 1876-88. 4 v. Ft. 
 
 Removed hither from Viroqua, q. v., by T. C. Ankeny ; purchased by F. 
 J. Bowman, Nov., 1877, and conducted by him till July, 1879; by B. J. 
 Castle, July, 1879 — Nov., 1882. A stock company was then formed, with 
 P. O'Brien, C. M. Hobart, and Castle as editors, one year (C. E. Sawyer, 
 three weeks in Nov., 1883) ; O'Brien, Dec, 1883 — July, 1884 (in partner- 
 ship with C. C. Chandler, during last six weeks) ; Chandler and J. R. 
 Ogden, Aug., 1884 — Jan., 1886; Ogden alone, one month; O'Brien and 
 Hobart, three months ; O'Brien alone, May, 1886 — Feb., 1887 ; sold to B. J. 
 Castle Feb., 1887, and conducted by him till June, 1888 ; by C. J. Strang 
 as a prohibition organ till its suspension in November. The printing outfit 
 was used by Friday Evening Post, established June, 1890. Supported 
 Greenback platform. 
 
 Jackson County Journal (w). July, 1898-1909. 5 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Feb., 1886, by Journal Pub. Co., and published by them till 
 1889 ; C. W. Dykins, 1889-91 ; Will N. Wells, 1891-93 ; Geo. W. Meacham, 
 1894-95 ; D. C. Menefee, 1896-98 (with M. V. Frazier, 1896-97, and C. H. 
 Hill, 1897-98) ; C. H. Hill, 1898-99 (with J. A. Parsons as editor) ; 
 Charles H. Bucks, 1901 — Apr., 1904 ; since then by Merlin Hull. Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Bloomer 
 
 Bloomer Advance (w). Mar., 1895-1908. 7 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Successor (July, 1886) of Bloomer Workman, q. v.; conducted by H. C. 
 Schultz (with W. H. Cook, June— Oct., 1886; with — Rotch, till July,. 
 
 [ 306 ] 5 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 1887) ; F. O. Wisner, and later by Advance Pub. Co.; E. N. Bowers till 
 1896; J. E. and P. E. Andrews, 1896-1900; A. O. Le Bell, 1900-1901: 
 since then by F. E. Andrews. Absorbed Bloomer Advocate, Jan., 1910. 
 Republican. 
 
 Bloomer Wobkman (w). May, 1881-Mar., 1883. F<s. 
 
 Founded July, 1880, by George L. Jones ; conducted by him till May, 
 1886 ; outfit then sold to Cook & Schultz, to establish Bloomer Advance, 
 q. v., and Workman removed to Chippewa Falls and styled Chippewa Falls 
 Workman; conducted successively by Jones, H. A. Van Dalsen, and E. N. 
 Bowers, till 1890 ; in that year, sold to Chippewa Valley Pub. Co., and 
 merged in Times. Published daily and weekly in its last years. Originally 
 Greenback ; Independent after Feb., 1883, devoted to interests of work- 
 ingmen. 
 
 Bloomington 
 
 [See also Tafton] 
 West Grant Advocate (w). June, 1873-May, 1874. F*. 
 
 Founded June, 1873, by C. N. Holford ; conducted by him till May, 1875 
 (in partnership with J. J. Clifton, June — Sept., 1874 ; and with P. Bart- 
 ley, Oct., 1874 — May, 1875) ; removed to Lancaster Oct., 1874, and styled 
 Grant Co. Advocate, q. v. A history of Bloomington was published in first 
 number. Independent Republican. 
 
 Bloomington Record (w). Aug., 1880-82 (with Grant Go. Gazette, 
 1878-79). Aug., 1897-1908. 5 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Established July, 1880, by Charles J. Glasier ; conducted by him till 
 Sept., 1881, then sold to C. N. Holford and styled West Grant Record; 
 about a year later purchased by L. C. McKenney, and styled Record; con- 
 ducted by him, 1882-87; C. W. Cook, 1888-89; Ernest Brooks, July, 
 1890 — Oct., 1S91 : Frank Wagner, Ernest Brooks, Craig & Witcomb, Craig 
 & Bobbins, and H. C. Craig successively, till Feb., 1905 ; since then by A. 
 C. Bishop. Republican ; then Independent ; now Democratic. 
 
 Revealeb (w). Aug.-Oct, 1894. F=. 
 
 With Wis. Labor Newspapers, 1890-96. Founded 1894 by W. H. Hol- 
 ford. Published by Revealer Pub. Co. Short-lived. Populist. 
 
 Blue Mounds 
 
 Blue Mounds Weekly News. 
 
 See same title under Mt. Horeb. 
 
 Boscobel 
 
 National Broad-Axe (w). June, 1863-May, 1866. Ft. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1863, by L. R. Train ; conducted by him till July, 1864 
 (in partnership with L. M. Andrews during first nine months; with Nelson 
 B. Moody, after Mar., 1864) ; Moody and Samuel S. Train till its suspen- 
 sion, May, 1866. Printed at Prairie du Chien, Mar. — July, 1864 ; the 
 press was then brought back to Boscobel. Styled Boscobellian in first 
 number ; Boscobel Hatchet, in issue of July 20, 1864 ; thereafter, Boscobel 
 Broad-Axe. Independent. 
 
 [307] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Boscobel, Wis., continued: 
 
 Boscobel Weekly Democrat. Jan. 28, 1860. 
 
 First paper in Boscobel ; established Dec, 1859, by George W. Lim- 
 bocker and A. J. Partridge ; suspended May, 1860. Succeeded soon after 
 by Boscobel Express; conducted by J. P. Hubbard and S. P. Dempsey till 
 about June, 1861 ; Dempsey and Horace Norton, six months ; then sus- 
 pended. 
 
 Dial (w). 1874-75. Fe. 1876-Oct, 1895. 7 v. F?. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1872, by John and C. B. Walworth ; continued by them 
 one year ; then sold to C. Burton, and published by Iden L. Stuart Jan., 
 1874 — Sept., 1875 ; sold to H. D. Farquharson, and conducted by him 
 Sept. 1875 — Dec, 1881 ; Lou P. Lesler, Jan., 1882, till his death, May, 
 1883 ; Mrs. Lou P. Lesler, till Jan., 1888 ; George W. Goldsmith, Jan., 
 1888 — May, 1895 (In partnership with L. C. McKenney till Apr., 1889) ; 
 W. G. Palmer till Oct., 1895 (with Albert Muffley during last three 
 months) ; then merged in Enterprise, and styled Dial-Enterprise, q. f. 
 Styled Boscobel Dial till Dec, 1877. Independent till 1875; Republican. 
 1875-87 ; since then, Independent. 
 
 Dial-Entebpbise (w). Oct., 1895-1909. 7 v. Fe. 1910+ 
 
 Successor of Dial and Enterprise; latter founded May, 1892, by L. G. 
 Blair, under title of Grant Co. Leader; sold by him to Fred Meyer and 
 Harlan Johnson, May, 1893, and styled Enterprise ; united with Dial, Oct, 
 1895, and continued by Meyer & Johnson till 1902, when bought by John W. 
 Blake ; since owned by him and his estate. Managed by V. S. Pease, 
 1907-09 ; SeftenbeTg & Stinson, 1910 ; O. L. Stinson, 1911. Republican 
 under Blair ; Democratic till 1902 ; Stalwart Republican under Blake ; 
 since then, Progressive Republican. 
 
 Boscobel Sentinel (w). Jan., 1901-1906. 3 v. Fe. 1907+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1901, by George W. Goldsmith, and conducted by him till 
 Jan., 1906 ; since then by H. C. Craig. Republican. 
 
 Brandon 
 
 Brandon Times (w). Mar., 1867-1908. 14 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 
 Established Sept., 1865 ; by George M. West ; conducted by him till Nov., 
 1871 ; Martin C. Short ; Not., 1871, till his death, Feb., 1894 ; Mrs. M. C. 
 Short and Short & Wbolverton till 1 899 ; since then by Jenkinson & 
 Yorty (Ida M. Torty, editor and manager). Independent under West; 
 since then Republican. 
 
 Brodhead 
 
 Busy Citizen (w). Oct., 1893-98. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1893, by Albert B. Pauley ; conducted by him till its sus- 
 pension in 1898. Advocated temperance and social reform. 
 
 Wisconsin Citizen (m). Nov., 1894-Sept., 1898. June, 1899+ F*. 
 
 Founded Nov.. 1887, as organ of Wis. Woman's Suffrage Association; 
 for several years published at Racine, and edited by Mrs. M. L. Dingee; 
 removed to Brodhead in 1894. and edited by Helen H. Charlton till her 
 death in 1905; since then by Miss Lena V. Newman. 
 
 [308] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Independent (w). Mar., 1867-68. Fe. May, 1885-1890. 2 v. F*. 
 1891- July, 1909. 9 v. Fe. 
 
 Established Mar., 1860, by I. F. Mack ; sold by him to D. W. Tyrrell 
 and E. O. Klmberly, Nov., 1868 ; conducted by them one year ; Kimberly, 
 alone, till July, 1873 ; Willis J. Stone and Charles M. Morse, two years ; 
 Kimberly again, July, 1875 — Oct., 1878 ; Burr Sprague, till May, 1879 ; 
 E. A. Charlton, till 1904 (with I. L. Hanford after 1891) ; Hanford and 
 B. E. McCormlck, 1904-1908 ; Green County Bank, a few months ; since 
 July, 1909, Steele & Schempf, who merged It with Register as Indepen- 
 dent Register, q. v. Published daily edition April, 1874, in support of 
 a "women's crusade" against saloons. Republican. 
 
 Independent-Register (w). July, 1909+ Fe. 
 
 See Independent. 
 
 Brodhead News (w). Dec, 1909+ Fe. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1908, by George E. Dixon, and since published by him. 
 Republican. 
 
 Brodhead Weekly Reporter. Aug., 1859-Apr., 1862. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1859, by L. Winthrop Powell ; suspended Nov., 1861, 
 when he enlisted in the Union army. Revived Apr., 1862, by T. J. 
 Johnson. 
 
 Brooklyn 
 
 Brooklyn News (w). Oct., 1898-1904. 3 v. Fe. Jan.-Nov., 1905. 
 
 Founded 1897 by J. W. Haughton. Published by Cassius L. Coward in 
 1898 ; I. A. Hoxie, Oct., 1898— July, 1901 ; then sold to W. Z. Dumond, 
 who had been local editor and publisher for three years previous. Con- 
 ducted by him till Nov., 1905. 
 
 Brace 
 
 Bruce News Jjetter (w). Oct., 1905-Jan., 1908. Fa. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Oct., 1900, by A. W. McCormack, and conducted by him till 
 1905; O. I. Briggs, 1905-1908; Amos Babcock, 1908-1910; Floyd Knee- 
 land, 1910 ; since then by A. P. Andrews. Independent Republican. 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Burlington Free Press (w). May, 1881-March, 1892. 4 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1879 ; conducted by W. A. Colby till Dec, 1891 ; since 
 then by William R. Devor. Republican. 
 
 Burlington Gazette (w). May, 1859-60. Fe. 
 
 Established May, 1859, by H. W. Phelps ; suspended Dec, 1860, and 
 removed to Horieon, q. v. Neutral during first year ; then Republican. 
 
 Burlington Standabd (w). June, 1864-May, 1886. 8 v. Fa. 
 
 Standard Democrat (w). Mar., 1891-1908. 9 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Oct., 1863, by L. E. Smith, under title of Burlington Standard, 
 q. v. ; styled Burlington Standard Democrat after March, 1886. Publish- 
 ers and editors : L. E. Smith, 1863-66 ; Henry L- Devereux, Aug., 1866 — 
 June, 1883 (with J. G. Hamlin, Oct., 1874 — Dec, 1875) ; Michael Wag- 
 ner, 1883-86 ; James I. Toner, 1886-89 ; H. E. Zimmermann, 1889 to 
 date. Republican till 1886 ; since then, Democratic. 
 
 [309] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Burlington, Wis., continued: 
 
 Standard Democrat (w). German edition. 1897-June, 1898; 1899- 
 Mar., 1905. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Cambria 
 
 Cambria News (w). Oct., 1895-97. Fs. 1898-1909. 6 v. F». 1910+: 
 
 Founded 1883, by P. F. McMahon and G. H. Beyer ; conducted by them 
 two years ; George King, till Sept., 1887 ; Peter Williams & Son, two 
 years ; O. C. Williams, 1889 — Sept., 1893 ; since then, J. F. Streeter. Pub- 
 lished in both English and Welsh, in 1887. County option; Republican. 
 
 Campbellsport 
 
 Campbellsport News (w). June, 1908+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1903. Conducted by C. E. Broughton till 1907; Bulletin 
 Printing Co., 1907— June, 1908; W. C. Oviatt, June, 1908 — May, 1910; 
 since then, W. J. Sullivan. Independent. 
 
 Cashton 
 
 Cashton Record (w). 19O3-1908. 3 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Dec, 1893 as Cashton Star, by J. A. Haines, arid sold by him 
 to his son, Frank, in 1894. Bought by E. H. Briggs the same year, and 
 styled Enterprise. Published by E. H. Brown and J. W. Houghton, 1895- 
 96 ; Haines & Rudolph, 1896 ; P. J. McManamy,1897-98. Burned out in 
 1898, but good-will bought by O. G. Briggs, and paper published by him 
 till 1905 ; since then by E. H. Brown. Styled Cashton Record, since 1896. 
 Republican. 
 
 Cassville 
 
 Cassville Index (w). Mar., 1888-90. Ft. 1891-1909. 6 t. Fe. 1910+ 
 Founded Mar., 1888,, by Charles A. DeWitt. Bought in Aug., 1889, from 
 DeWitt & DeWitt by John Foley, and since conducted by him. Indepen- 
 dent. 
 
 Cedarburg 
 
 Cedarburg Enterprise (w). Mar., lSSO-Apr., 1881. F«. 
 
 Established by J. W. Hilgen ; conducted by him, Mar., 1880 — Jan., 1881 ; 
 then by Frederick Meyer, under title of Ozaukee Co. Enterprise. 
 
 Cedarburg Weekly News. 1883-99. 6 v. Ft. 1900-1909. 5 v. P». 
 1910+ 
 
 Established by Frederick W. Horn ; conducted by him till his death, 
 Jan. 1893 ; since then, by his son, Alexander W.' Horn. Democratic. 
 
 Centralia 
 
 Centralia Enterprise and Tribune (w). June, 1887-May, 1891; Not., 
 1892-94; Apr., 1900. 6 v. Fe. 
 
 Centralia Enterprise established May, 1879, by C. H. Clark ; conducted 
 by him four months ; Henry Hayden till his death, two weeks later, his 
 widow, Harriet Hayden, till Jan., 1880 ; E. B. Rossier, 1880 — June, 188T 
 
 [310] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 (in partnership with C. O. Baker during 1880) ; then absorbed Grand 
 Rapids Tribune, q. v., and styled Enterprise and Tribune; conducted by 
 Rossier and E. B. Brundage till Apr., 1892 ; then by Brundage and W. H. 
 Luehr ; interest of latter sold to J. N. Brundage, Dec, 1895. Discontinued 
 Apr., 14, 1900, when Centralia was annexed to Grand Rapids. Sole) 
 May 21, 1900, to Drumb & Sutor, and since published by them as Grand 
 Rapids Tribune, q. v. At first Greenback, then Democratic. 
 
 Centuria 
 
 Centuria Outlook (w). Feb., 1902-1909. 4 v. F». 
 
 , Pounded Feb., 1902, by J. R. Love, and conducted by him till suspen- 
 
 sion in 1909. 
 
 Chetek 
 
 Chetek Alebt (w). Oct., 1882-1910. 13 v. Fe. 1911+ 
 
 Pounded Sept., 1882, by Walter Speed; conducted by him till 1900; G. 
 C. Ellwood, 1900-1904 ; since then by L. P. Charles and J. W. Bell. 
 Republican. 
 
 Chilton 
 
 Chilton Times (w). Sept. 26, 1857. Aug., 1859-70. 3 v. F«. 1871- 
 92. 8 v. Ft. 1893-1908. 8 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 First paper in Calumet County ; founded Sept., 1857, by C. W. Fitch 
 and John P. Hume; in May, 1858, sold to Hume, and conducted by him 
 till his death, Aug., 18S1 ; his sons, W. A. and John P. Hume, till Nov., 
 1891 ; since then, W. A. Hume Democratic. 
 
 Chippewa Falls 
 
 Appeal. 
 
 See same title under Fond du Lac. 
 
 Catholic Sentinel (w). Feb., 1892-1909. 8 v. F*>. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1889, by C. F. X. Goldsmith, under title of Sentinel; 
 styled Catholic Sentinel since Sept., 1889, and published by Catholic Sen- 
 tinel Pub. Co. ; edited by Goldsmith till Nov., 1890, and by Arthur Gough 
 since that date. Independent ; religious and literary. Has contained 
 numerous articles on the history, manners, and customs of ancient Ireland ; 
 also, articles on Wisconsin history. 
 
 Chippewa Falls Democrat (w). June, 1869-Nov., 1872. F?. 
 
 Established May., 1869, by Democrat Ptg. Assn. ; George M. Lambert, 
 editor ; in following January, leased by Lambert and conducted by him 
 three years (in partnership with Gus O. Austin, till Nov., 1871) ; absorbed 
 Union and Times, q. v., Dec, 1869 ; probably suspended about Dec, 
 1872. Democratic. 
 
 Chippewa Herald (w). Feb., 1870-74. 2 v. F'. 1875-Mar., 1876. 
 F6. Apr., 1876- July, 1878. Ft. Aug., 1878-1908. 15 v. F«. 1909+ 
 Founded Jan., 1870, by George C. Ginty ; conducted by him till his 
 death v Dec, 1890 ; Mrs. Flora Ginty, Dec, 1890— Feb., 1892 (assisted by 
 Edward Outhwaite and L. J. Rusk) ; Frank L. Perrin, Feb., 1892 — May, 
 1893; James Hovey, May, 1893— July, 1898. Published by Herald Ptg. 
 Co., from 1889 till July, 1898 ; since then owned and edited by George B. 
 
 [ 311 j 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Chippewa Falls, Wis., continued: 
 
 Dee. In 1876 absorbed Avalanche (established Jan., 1874, by T. F. 
 Hollister) ; styled Weekly Herald since June, 1894 ; has issued daily 
 edition since that date. Republican. File for Feb. — Dec, 1870 bound 
 with Union, and Times, 1867-69. 
 
 Chippewa County Independent (w). 1882-Sept, 1884. F«. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1881, by an association of leading citizens, to advocate 
 reform and reduction of local taxation ; issued by Chippewa Valley Pub- 
 lishing Co. ; edited by Josiah N. Phillips and A. J. Hayward ; interest of 
 Phillips sold to T. J. Cunningham, May, 1888, and L. A. Ingersoll assumed 
 management; merged in Times, q. v., Dec, 1889. Issued daily after Sep- 
 tember, 1887. At first, non-partisan ; after purchase by Cunningham, 
 Democratic. 
 
 Chippewa Observer (w). 1898-Oct., 1899. F«. 
 
 Founded 1896 by B. C. Taylor. Suspended, N6v., 1899. 
 
 Peoples' Paper (w). Aug.-Nov., 1894. F". ■•>•>-- 
 
 Established Aug., 1894. Organ of the A. R. U., Farmers' Alliance, and 
 other local unions ; edited by R. L. Thornton. Populist. File bound with 
 Wis. Labor Newspapers. 
 
 Chippewa Times (w). Dec, 1875-Mar., 1877. F6. Apr., 1877-84. 3 T. 
 Ft. 1885-1908. 12 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 
 Established Oct., 1875, by T. J. Cunningham ; published one year by 
 Cunningham & Luce ; Hoffman & Cunningham till 1878 ; then sold to 
 Chippewa Valley Pub. Co. ; edited by T. J. Cunningham. Issued daily 
 during summer of 1888. Democratic. 
 
 Chippewa Union and Times (w). 1867- Jan., 1869. Ft. 
 
 Chippewa Valley Union founded Sept., 1861, by A. K. Gregg, and con- 
 ducted by him till Jan., 1862 ; James Brackett, after Apr., 1865 (in part- 
 nership with I. E. Knapp till Mar., 1866) ; united with Times, Aug., 1866, 
 styled Union, and Times; conducted by Brackett till Jan., 1869 (in part- 
 nership with W. J. Whipple, July — Dec, 1866 ; and with Charles M. Mack, 
 Feb., 1867 — March, 1868) ; then sold to Henry Kelsey and Theodore Cole- 
 man, but edited by Brackett ; sold by them Dec, 1869, and merged in 
 Chippewa Falls Democrat, q. v. Republican (except under Whipple, Dem- 
 ocrat) . 
 
 Chippewa Falls Times established May, 1866, by W. J.. Whipple ; united 
 with Union in July following. 
 
 Claywood 
 
 Maple Valley Educator (w). May 20; July 1, 15, 1893. 
 
 Founded 1893 by Haybert Hohn. Populist. File bound with Wis. 
 Labor Newspapers. 
 
 Clear Lake 
 
 North Wisconsin News (w). 1878-June, 1883. 2 v. F». 
 
 Founded Jan., 1878, by E. 0. Johnson and E. P. Huntington ; published 
 by them till Apr., 1879 ; Johnson thereafter (in partnership with Alex- 
 ander Russell, Apr., 1879 — Dec, 1881) ; removed to Hayward, q. v., June, 
 1883. Republican ; also advocated temperance. 
 
 [312] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Clinton 
 
 Rock County Banner (w). Sept., 1900-1908. 4 v. Fo. 1909 + 
 
 Founded Mar., 1888, by George and L. S. Wilcox ; sold by them Jan., 
 1902, to William Moore, and conducted by him till July, 1903 ; since then 
 owned by F. R. Helmer. Republican. 
 
 Weekly Herald. Oct., 1880-81; Aug., 1882-Oct, 1907. 11 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1880, by Stephen Bowers, as successor of Rock Co. Re- 
 publican (see Independent, note), published by him till November, 1881; 
 C. C. Marston, about six months ; Wallace C. Brown, one year ; R. W. 
 Cheever, May, 1883, till suspension, Oct., 1908. Styled Clinton Herald 
 during first two years. Published articles by Bowers, on "Ancient 
 Mounds and Earthworks in Wisconsin," June — July, 1881. 
 
 Independent (w). 1875-78. F«. 1879-80. F'. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1874, as successor of Rock Co. Republican (established 
 1873), by Chet. M. Whitman and Curtis M. Treat; conducted by them till 
 July, 1875 ; Treat alone, till Nov., 1878 ; then sold to P. H. and H. S. 
 Swift ; styled by them Rock Co. Republican, Mar., 1880 ; suspended in 
 following Sept. Contains articles on "History of Clinton," by D. G 
 Cheever, in July-Sept., 1876. Independent Republican. 
 
 Weekly Witness. June, 1893-June, 1894. F*. 
 
 Established June, 1893, by W. L. Springer and H. C. Rustad; Springer 
 alone, after Jan., 1894 ; apparently suspended in following July. 
 
 Clintonville 
 
 Clintonvllle Herald (w). Mar.-Oct., 1879. F°. 
 
 With Waupaca Republican, 1878-80. Founded 1878 by Ratcliffe & 
 Waite, and conducted by them till Sept., 1879 ; HeTald Co., in Oct No 
 later mention in Blue Book. 
 
 Colby 
 
 Langlade Enterprise (w). Mar.-Aug., 1876; 1877-May, 1878. F«. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1876. by James A. Parkhurst and — Griffis; after 
 three months, conducted by Parkhurst alone until Mar., 1878 ; then sold 
 to T. J . Cleaver, who soon afterwards removed it to Neillsville ; in May 
 following, merged in Republican and Press, q. v. Styled Enterprise, after 
 first year. Greenback. 
 
 Phonograph (w). Feb., 1879-86. 3 v. F». 1887-94. 3 v. F*. 1895- 
 1907. 5 v. F«. 1908+ 
 
 Established Sept., 1878, by Samuel J. and Joel J. Shafer ; conducted by 
 them to date. Independent Democratic. 
 
 Columbus 
 
 Columbus Democrat (w). Mar., 1871-June, 1873; 1874-Nov., 1887; 
 7 v. F«. Nov., 1887-99. 4 v. F*. 1900-1903. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established Sept., 1868, by Henry D. Bath, as successor of Transcript 
 (founded about Jan., 1865, by Valentine Baltuff ; suspended Aug., 1868) ; 
 conducted by him till his death, June, 1880 ; his widow (H. D. James, 
 
 [313] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Columbus, Wis., continued: 
 
 editor) , till Oct. following ; George Schlosser and Newton H. Ingersoll, 
 less than one year ; H. D. James (with D. W. Bath, a few months), 1881 — 
 Aug., 1887; C. C. Eaton (with A. C. Parkinson, 1891— May, 1892), till 
 Oct., 1899; by Henry and Fred Berner, Oct., 1899— Sept., 1901; Weiler 
 & Thompson, Sept., 1901-1903 ; L. T. Davies, , 1903 — Mar., 1907 ; since 
 then by George E. Bnnsa. Published historical articles on "The Portage 
 and Port Winnebago," Mar., 1871, and on "History of Columbia County," 
 May— June, 1880. 
 
 Republican Journal (w). Feb., 1855-60. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1855, by Daniel Mallo and Delancey L. Thayer; conduct- 
 ed by them two years; continued by Mallo till June, 1861) (in partner- 
 ship with his son, Marcus M., Mar., 1859— Feb., 1860) ; D. H. Pulcifer 
 and J. F. Hazelton, June, 1861 — Apr., 1862 ; Hazelton, till the following 
 October ; then by Daniel Mallo, till his death, Oct., 1864 ; suspended one 
 week later. Styled Columbus Weekly Journal, after May, 1861. 
 
 Columbus Weekly Journal. 1861-63. F<>. 
 
 See Republican Journal. 
 
 Columbus Republican (w). Nov., 1871-Oct, 1872. Fa. 
 
 Established Oct., 1868, by J. E. Decker ; conducted by him till his 
 death in 1908 ; since then by Robert C. Leitsch. Absorbed Fall River 
 New Era, Mar., 1912. 
 
 Columbus Union Banneb (w). June-Aug., 1862. F». 
 
 With Columbus Journal, 1861-63. Established June, 1862, by D. H. 
 Pulcifer ; apparently of short duration. 
 
 Crandon 
 
 Forest Echo (w). Aug., 1906-1908. Ff>. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1906 by Crandon Ptg. Co., and since published by them. 
 Edited by D. L. Stanchfleld. Progressive Republican. 
 
 Forest Leaves (w). Apr., 1885-Aug., 1891. 2 v. Fa. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1885, by Samuel Shaw & Co., at Ayr (village name 
 changed to Crandon, June, 1885 1 ; sold to M. A. Fay, Oct., 1886, and con- 
 ducted by him till his death, Mar., 1888 ; Mrs. Mattie Fay, till Nov., 1889 ; 
 then purchased by William J. Neu, and removed by him to Three Lakes, 
 Dec, 1891. Republican under Shaw ; thereafter Democratic. 
 
 Forest Republican (w). Oct., 1886-1889. Fb. 1890-1905. 8 V. P». 
 
 Founded Oct., 1886, iby Samuel Shaw & Co., and published by them to 
 date; edited by Samuel and Ii. P. Shaw till 1906. Since then conducted? 
 by J. H. Brady & Co. Republican and temperance. 
 
 Cranmoor 
 
 Ceanbebbt Grower (m). 1904-July, 1905. F*. 
 
 Founded 1903 by Cranberry Grower Pub. Co. Edited by W. H. Fitch. 
 
 [314] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Cudahy 
 
 Cudahy Times (w). Oct., 1893— Mar., 1894, 21 nos. F«. 
 
 Established by William H. and Sheridan H. McElroy ; suspended within 
 six months. File bound with Wis. Labor Newspapers, 1890-94. 
 
 Cumberland 
 
 Cumberland Advocate (w). Aug., 1890-92. Fi. 1893. F«. 1894-95. 
 Ft. 1896-1909. 8 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded June, 1881, by C. H. Clark and M. P. Morris, under title of 
 Cumberland Herald; styled Cumberland Advocate since Mar., 1885. Pub- 
 lishers and editors : C. H. Clark and M. P. Morris, June — Sept., 1881 ; 
 Morris and C. A. Lamereaux, Sept., 1881 — Dec., 1883 ; Morris alone, till 
 Mar., 1884 ; L. L. Gunderson, Mar. — July, 1884 ; Gunderson and A. F. 
 Wright, July — Nov., 1884 ; Gunderson alone, Nov., 1884 — Apr., 1885 ; S. 
 S. Hull, till Jan., 1886 ; succeeded by Cumberland Publishing Co. ; H. S. 
 Comstock and David Russell, Nov., 1886 — Sept., 1887 ; Comstock alone till 
 July, 1888 ; T. F. Ball, July— Sept., 1888 ; Ball and F. F. Morgan, Sept., 
 1888— Sept., 1889 ; Morgan alone till Oct., 1900 ; T. O. Mason, Oct., 1900 — 
 Oct., 1906 ; since then, H. S. Comstock. Republican. 
 
 New Wisconsin (m). March, 1896-March, 1897. Ft. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1896, to encourage immigration into Barron County. Con- 
 ducted by H. S. Comstock until suspension, March, 1897. 
 
 Dale 
 
 Dale Recorder (w). Aug., 1899-1909. 5 v. F». 1910+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1899, by F. H. Voshardt, and conducted by him till Nov ; 
 J. Seftenberg, Nov., 1899— Oct., 1903 ; since then, H. Mallon & Co. Inde- 
 pendent. 
 
 Darien 
 
 Darien News (w). Apr. 26, 1859. 
 
 Established by O. H. Gilbert, Aug., 1858 ; published later by Hotchkisa 
 & Leland. Republican. 
 
 Darlington 
 
 Democrat (w). Nov., 1866-1909. 19 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Successor of Shnilsburg Southwestern Local, q. v. ; established Nov., 
 1865, by James R. Rose, under title of LaFayette Go. Democrat; within 
 three months, came Into the hands of James G. Knight, who conducted 
 it till Mar., 1888 (with Miles F. Tully, Jan — Aug., 1887) ; then sold to 
 Ed. T. and Henry W. Barnes, who conducted it till Dec, 1893 ; then sold 
 to Democrat Publishing Co., and edited by F. J. McConnell till Jan., 1901 ; 
 since then by L. B. Howery. Absorbed Democratic Register, q. v., May, 
 1888. Styled Democrat, Oct., 1882 — May, 1888 ; then became Democrat 
 and Register; since 1890, Darlington Democrat. 
 
 Darlington Journal (w). Sept., 1887- Jan., 1900. 7 v. F». 
 
 Founded Dec, 1885, by Henry Lovejoy Brown ; conducted by him 1885— 
 Jan., 1900 ; then consolidated with Darlington Republican, q. v. Sinca 
 styled Republican Journal and conducted by Monahan. Republican. 
 
 [315] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Dablington, Wis., continued: 
 
 Democratic Kegisteb (w). Nov., 1885-May, 1888. Ft. 
 
 Established Not., 1885, by Frank A. Lewis and James E. Rose ; in Mar., 
 1886, purchased by Rose, and conducted by him (in partnership with Miles 
 F. Tully, Aug. — Dec, 1886.) till May, 1888, when it was merged in the 
 Democrat, q. t. 
 
 Darlington Republican (w). Feb., 1871-91. 7 v. Fr. 1892-Jan., 
 1900. 5 v. Fa. 
 
 Founded May, 1861, by H. H. Gray and J. E. Duncan, under the title 
 of LaFayette Co. Independent; edited by Gray till Mar., 1864, and pub- 
 lished by J. C. Rutledge & Co., 1863 — Mar., 1864 ; then suspended. Re- 
 vived in April, by F. S. Haughawout, and conducted by him till Jan., 
 1865, then continued as La Fayette Co. Union; conducted by Haughawoui 
 three months ; A. F.' Dickinson, five months ; Dickinson and J. E. Duncan, 
 Aug., 1865 — Apr., 1867 ; Duncan alone, till Aug., 1869 (styled by him 
 Republican, in Apr.,. 1869) ; Duncan and Charles R. Hamstreet, two 
 months ; Hamstreet and W. L. Abbott, till Mar., 1870 ; Abbott (in part- 
 nership with M. J. Minor, two months ; and with E. T. and Walter J. 
 Wrigglesworth, June, 1870 — Apr., 1872), Mar., 1870^r-Apr., 1872; W. J, 
 Wrigglesworth, Apr., 1872 — Mar., 1878; James and Edward H. Bintlift, 
 Apr., 1878 — Apr., 1883 ; E. H. Bintliff and J. G. Monahan, two years', 
 Monahan alone till Jan., 1900 ; then merged with Darlington Republican 
 q. v. Styled Darlington Republican since July, 1879. 
 
 Republican-Joubnal (w). Jan., 1900KL909. 5 v. Fs. 1910+ 
 Consolidation of Republican and Journal, q. v. 
 
 Deerfield 
 
 Deerfield Enterprise (w). Sept., 1892-95 (incomp.); 1896-Aug., 1898. 
 
 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded July, 1891, by J. S. Callahan, under title of Deerfield Tobacco 
 Journal; suspended, Apr., 1892. Revived two weeks later by Walter 
 Mayer, as Deerfield Enterprise; conducted by him, till Aug., 1893 ; B. S. 
 Holman, Aug. — Dec, 1894 ; after Dec, 1894, Nels Holman ; published by 
 I. A. and W. T. Hoxie, till suspended in fall of 1899. Styled Enterprise- 
 Leader after Dec, 1898. 
 
 Deerfield Tobacco Herald (w). Sept., 1885-Apr., 1888. F?. 
 
 Established Sept., 1885, by C. L. Hubbs; J. L. Crump, local editor; 
 merged in Lake Mills Leader, Apr., 1888. 
 
 De Forest 
 
 De Forest Times (w). 1897-1908. 6 v. F«. 1909-f 
 
 Founded 1895 by Anthon Nelson and his son, E. C. Meland (Times Pub. 
 Co.). Since Nelson's death in 1907, owned by Meland. Edited and man- 
 aged by Theodore Holum. Independent. 
 
 Delavan 
 
 Delavan Entebpeise (w). Aug., 1878-93. 5 v. F?. 1894-1909. 8 V. 
 F«. 1910+ 
 
 Established Aug., 1878, by Clarence R. Conable, as successor of Sharon 
 Inquirer, q. v., and of Delavan Tribune (founded Mar., 1878, by Frank 
 
 [316] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 I P. Howard) ; conducted by him till June, 1880 (in partnership with B. W. 
 
 Conable after first year) ; E. W. Conable, July, 1880 — May, 1883 (with 
 A. O. Conable after 1881) ; then sold to H. T. Sharp and styled Enter- 
 prise; conducted by him till Sept., 1893 ; Grant D. Harrington, P. M. 
 Stevens, E. J. Scott, W. C. Dean, successively, till 1907 ; since then, W. T. 
 Passage. Republican. 
 
 American Industrial Journal (q). Jan., 1906-Dec, 1910. Q. 
 
 Pounded Jan., 1906, by Warren Robinson, and conducted by him till 
 suspension, Jan., 1911. 
 
 Kris Kbingle. Christmas, 1892. 
 
 Wisconsin Messenger (w). Aug., 1856-June, 1857. F?. 
 
 Established at Janesvllle, Dec, 1855, under title of Family Messenger, 
 by William M. Doty ; removed hither Aug., 1856, by Doty and Joseph 
 Baker ; the latter sold his interest to Doty four months later, but con- 
 tinued as editor till April, 1857, when J. W. Lawton became Doty's part- 
 ner ; published after Mar., 1858, by Lawton and H. L. Devereux, under 
 title of Northron, q. v. ; Interest of Devereux sold to P. H. Conkling, May, 
 1859 ; continued by him and Lawton till May, 1860, then suspended. Re- 
 vived immediately by L. T. Guernsey (inventor of Guernsey power press), 
 under title of Walworth Co. Journal (second paper of that name) ; but 
 suspended Oct., 1860. Stlyed Delavan Messenger, Feb., 1857. Republi- 
 can ; also advocated temperance and other reforms. 
 
 Northron (w). Aug. 31, 1859. 
 See Wis. Messenger, note. 
 
 Delavan Republican (w). Apr., 1868-92. 8 v. Ft. 1893-1908. 8 T. 
 Fa. 1909 + 
 
 Founded Oct., 1863 ; conducted by N. D. Wright, Oct., 1867 — Sept., 
 1874 (in partnership during first six months with A. J. Woodbury) ; 
 Frank Leland, seven months ; G. B. Tallman, Apr., 1875 — Mar., 1881 ; 
 Wilbur G. Weeks, 1881 — July, 1908 ; A. S. Hearn, July, 1908— Oct., 1909 ; 
 since then by Maurice Morrissey. Progressive Republican. Absorbed 
 Delavan Patriot, near close of 1864. 
 
 Patriot established Nov., 1861, by E. G. Wheeler and G. S. Utter; sold 
 by Wheeler to John Hotchkiss, Sept., 1863 ; merged in Republican, 1864. 
 Independent Republican, at first ; soon became Democratic ; under Hotch- 
 kiss, Republican. 
 
 Wisconsin Times (w; s-m). 1885-1907. 9 v. F4. 1908+ 
 
 Publisbed by teachers and pupils of Wis. School for Deaf. Established 
 1878, under title of Press, by Supt. W. H. DeMotte ; edited by Miss N. E. 
 Derby, a pupil ; issued at first irregularly, then weekly for many years, 
 and since 1901, semi-monthly. Continued under title of Modem Times (w> 
 by Supt. J. W. Swiler, Sept., 1880 ; styled Wis. Dea]-Mute Times, 1881- 
 87, and Wisconsin Times since 1887. Edited by N. E. Derby, 1878-81; 
 Charles A. Lemmers, 1882-83 ; Fred Stickles, 1883-84 ; Charles E. Badger, 
 1884-91 ; F. E. Pratt, Apr. — June, 1891 : W. T. Passage, Sept., 1891 — 
 June, 1895 ; since Sept., 1895, by F. C. Larsen. Non-political ; educational 
 and literary, and a medium of communication with friends of the school. 
 
 [317] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 De Pere 
 
 Brown County Democrat (w). 1896-1908. 6 v. F«. 1909-f 
 
 Founded 1877. Published by F. Meyer & Bros., 1887-90; since then, 
 by Hegeman & Kuypers ; edited by John A. Kuypers. 
 
 De Pere Facts (w). Feb., 1879-81. F«. 
 
 Established by J. A. Comerford, Jan., 1877 ; suspended at end of five 
 weeks ; revived in Mar., by D. B. Hickey and continued till Nov., 1883 ; 
 then sold to Steele & Bates, and styled Twin City Index; conducted by 
 Steele one year, then sold to P. P. Walsh. 
 
 De Pere News (w). 1873-83; 1885-91. 6 v. Ft. 1892-1908. 9 v. 
 Fs. 1909+ , 
 
 Established Apr., 1871, by P. R. Proctor ; conducted by him till June, 
 1883 ; Charles Proctor, till 1890 (in partnership with Ed. S. White, June, 
 1883-84; with J. C. Hill, 1885-86; with Paul L. Halline, 1886-90); 
 since then, by Halline (with H. S. Marvin, 1890-92 ; with F. C. Hase, 1892 
 ■ — 1898). Absorbed Fort Howard Herald, q. v., Sept., 1878; styled Depere 
 News and Brown Co. Herald, 1878-84. Republican (except 1883-84, when 
 non-partisan). 
 
 JRecht door Zee (w . Dutch. Jan.-May, 1882, 8 nos. O. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1881, by P. J. Cautereels and Anton Boex ; suspended 
 
 May, 1882. Humorous. 
 
 De Soto 
 
 De Soto Chronicle (w). June, 1886 T Aug., 1889. Fs. 
 
 Established June, 1886, by Clemence A. Comstock and Elmer Dunlap ; 
 after five weeks sold to Fred Z. Alexander ; conducted by him till Oct., 
 1888 ; then by Dan J. Kalhar ; purchased in Mar., 1889, by Frank A. Carr ; 
 removed in following Aug. to Soldiers' Grove, and merged in Kickapoo 
 Transcript, q. v. Contains series of articles descriptive of second battle 
 of Bad Axe, by C. V. Porter, Jan. — Feb., 1887 ; also "Reminiscences," by 
 C. B. Whiting, Oct., 1887 — Aug., 1888. Republican. 
 
 Vernon County Leader (w). Feb., 1875-Apr., 1876. F*. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1872, by Byron J. Castle and C. L. Ingersoll ; conducted 
 by Castle till Apr., 1876 (in partnership with M. W vparker, Sept., 1875— 
 Mar., 1876) ; then suspended. Styled De Soto Leader till June, 1875. 
 Independent Republican. File bound with Wisconsin Independent, 1875 
 (Viroqua). 
 
 DodgeviUe 
 
 Iowa County Advocate (w). Sept. 10-24, 1859. 
 
 First paper in Dodgeville ; established by a stock company, Aug., 1858, 
 and edited by Francis J. Rowe ; conducted by him two years (aided by 
 James A. Slye during last three months) ; E. Wood Cornes, Sept., 1860 — 
 May, 1861 ; then sold to Wrigglesworth & Blodgett ; after Apr., 1862, 
 conducted by John Cowan, and, in Sept. following styled Chronicle, q. r. 
 
 ■ [318] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Dodgeville Chronicle (w). Sept., 1863-76. 4 v. Fa. 1877-81. 2 v. 
 Ft. 1882-1910. 14 v. Fa. 1911+ 
 
 Successor of Iowa Co. Advocate, q. v. ; conducted by John Cowan, Sept., 
 1862 — July, 1863 ; then sold to Rufus Crosby and W. J. Wrigglesworth, 
 and conducted by them till Sept., 1865 ; by Wrigglesworth until Feb., 1874 
 (in partnership with W. L. Abbott, Sept., 1868 — Oct., 1869 ; thereafter, 
 with E. T. Wrigglesworth) ; A. S. Hearn, Feb., 1874— Sept., 1907 ; since 
 then, Bray & Reese. Absorbed Independent, published by Frank A. Carr. 
 Contains these features of special interest : Poems in Cornish dialect, Aug. 
 — Dec, 1867, and July 31, 1868 ; series of scientific articles on lead region 
 and Lake Superior mines, by John Murrish, State geologist, July, 1871 — 
 Feb., 1872 ; history of Iowa County and town railroad bonds (two papers, 
 the second by Moses M. Strong), Mar. 31, Apr. 7, July 14, 1871. Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Ens and Stab (w). 1889-91. Ft. 1892-1895. 3 v. Fa. 
 
 Successor of Star and Arena Rural Eye, q. v. ; owned by A. McArthur, 
 and edited by M. D. Peavy ; sold to Charles Halverson and Charles Owens, 
 Dec, 1895, and styled New Star, q. v. Conducted by A. MacArthur, 1897 — 
 Jan., 1899 ; E. Kemsley Golden, Jan., 1899 — 1901 ; Republic Ptg. Co., a 
 few months ; M. A. Richardson, Aug., 1902— Jan., 1905 ; I. L. Morrison, 
 Jan., 1905 — Mar., 1906, when consolidated with Sun, q. v. as Sun— Repub- 
 lic. Independent Prohibition ; under Peavy, endorsed many Populist 
 doctrines. Since 1899, Republican. 
 
 New Stae (w). Dec, 1895-May, 1900. 3 v. Fa. 
 Successor of Bye and Star, q. v. 
 
 Iowa County Republic (w). May, 1900-Dec, 1904. 2 v. Fa. Dec, 
 1904-Mar., 1906. F?. 
 See New Star. 
 
 Dodgeville Stab (w). Dec, 1883-Mar., 1886. Fa. 
 
 Successor (Nov., 1883) of Arena Star, q. v. ; conducted by O. C. Smith 
 till Mar., 1886, then suspended ; materials and subscription list purchased 
 by A. McArthur in following May, and in Sept., 1889, united with Rural 
 Eye; continued as Eye and Star, q. v. Democratic. 
 
 Dodgeville Sun (w). Feb., 1882-July, 1888; Not., 1895kNov., 1904. 
 
 7 v. Fa. Dec, 1904-Mar., 1906. Ft. 
 
 Founded July, 1881, by J. Wilson Frost and Thomas ; owned for 
 
 several years by Archibald McArthur (in partnership with Byron Jones, 
 Aug.. 1S8S, till some time in 1885; with Charles E. Wells, Apr. — Oct., 
 1888). Edited by O. C. Smith, July, 1882 — Aug., 1883; E. C. Stevens, 
 Aug., 188:! — Jan., 1884 ; then by Thomas W. Parr, six months, and other 
 men at various times. Sold to Frank A. Carr, Apr., 1891 ; owned and 
 conducted by J. T. Boyle and W. E. Holt, Oct., 1895 — June, 1902 ; Rich- 
 ardson & Hodden. June, 1902 — Sept., 1904 ; Morrison & Hodden, Sept., 1904 
 —May., 1908 ; since then by W. J. Pearce and Frank W. Hodden ; edited 
 by the latter since June, 1902. Consolidated, Mar., 1906, with Iowa 
 County Republican and since styled Dodgeville Sun-Republic, q. v. Dem- 
 ocratic. 
 
 Sun-Republic (w). Mar., 1906-1909. 2 v. Fa. 1910+ 
 See Dodgeville Sun. 
 
 [319 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Durand 
 
 Pepin County Coubieb (w). 1878-July, 1888. 4 v. Fs. July, 1888- 
 
 1908. 10 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 
 Established by W. H. Huntington, Dec, 1877, and conducted by him 
 
 till 1885 ; J. D. Bldridge and Morsbach, 1885-89 ; Huntington, 1889- 
 
 91 (with Morsbach, 1890-91); Eldridge, 1891 — Mar., 1908; since then 
 by his widow. Absorbed Durand times, q. v., December, 1878, and styled 
 Courier and Times till Dec, 1879. Republican. 
 
 Entering Wedge (w). July, 1893-1908. 7 v. F<>. 1909+ 
 
 Founded July, 1893, by C. A. Ingram and John N. Kirk ; conducted by 
 Ingram (in partnership with Kirk, till Apr., 1894 ; with James W. Lloyd, 
 one year; since Mar., 1895, with Leroy A. Goodrich) till Jan., 1902; L. A. 
 Goodrich, Jan., 1902 — Mar., 1904; Wedge Pub. Co. (Goodrich & Barton), 
 Mar., 1904 — Mar., 1908 ; Entering Wedge Co. (Ingram, E. Barton and 
 L. N. Poquette), Mar., 1908 — July, 1909, when Ingram retired. Bought 
 Sept. 1, 1909, by August Ender and family and since conducted by him. 
 Absorbed (May, 1911), a newly-founded paper, Plum City News. Contains 
 series of articles, "Pioneers of Chippewa Valley," Mar. — Apr., 1894. Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Pepin County News and Pepin Star (w). Apr,, 1904-June, 1906. 2 v. F«. 
 See Pepin Star. 
 
 Durand Times (w). Mar., 1870-78. 3 v. F«. 
 
 First paper in Durand ; established Oct., 1861, by Myron A. Shaw, under 
 title of Home Mirror; conducted by him one year (in partnership with 
 W. W. Wood, Mar. — Oct., 1862) ; sold to George Van Waters, Oct., 1862; 
 two months later, style Alembic, but early in 1863 became Durand Times; 
 conducted by Van Waters till June 1869 (in partnership with Sidney A. 
 Foster during last sis months) ; then sold to Foster and J. D. Powers; 
 after Feb., 1870, conducted by Foster alone, till Oct., 1873 ; W. H. H. 
 Huntington, .Oct., 1873— June, 1876 ; W. H. H. Matteson, till Not., 1878 ; 
 office then destroyed by fire, and subscription list soon after transferred to 
 Pepin Co. Courier. Styled Durand "Weekly Times after Apr., 1871. Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Eagle River 
 
 Eagle River Democbat (w). Apr., 1893-Aug., 1896. 2 v. Fa. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1893 ; published by Democrat Ptg. Co. and edited by 
 James R. Howe ; in following September, leased to G. W. Small and H. B. 
 Carpenter, and conducted by them till Feb., 1894 ; Carpenter alone, four 
 months ; R. G. Sherwood, June, 1894 — Jan., 1895 ; Democrat Ptg. Co. 
 (edited by C. F. Colman) till 1896. Since then styled Vilas Count]/ News, 
 q. v. ; owned by D. E. Riordan till 1906 ; since then by Rogers Ptg. Co. 
 Republican. 
 
 Vilas County News (w). Aug., 1896-1905. 5 v. Fa. 
 Successor of Eagle River Demdcrat, q. v. 
 
 Eagle River Vindioatob (w). Jan.-July, 1887. Fs. 
 
 Established Dec, 1886, by P. O'Brien; published by him till fall of 
 1887; then by O. B. Moon, till July, 1890, when sold to Samuel Shaw 
 and removed to Rhinelander, q. v. 
 
 [320] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 East Troy- 
 East Troy Gazette (w). 1880-Aug., 1882. P«. 
 
 Established Aug., 1879, by F. D. Craig ; sold by him to C. A. Cook, July, 
 1880, and edited by H. W. Metcalt till June 1881 ; then purchased by Craig 
 and edited by him till May, 1882 ; then leased to William Habernleht, who 
 conducted it till suspension in 1883. 
 
 American Merino (m). Vol. 1. Jan.-Nov., 1882. F*; Q. 
 See same title under Mazomanie. 
 
 Eau Claire 
 
 TSee also West Eau Claire] 
 Eau Claire Argtjs (w). May, 1879-Feb., 1881. F«. 
 
 Established May, 1879, by R. H. Copeland ; after July, 1880, published 
 by stock company, and edited by Copeland ; issued daily after Apr., 1880 ; 
 concern suspended, Mar., 1881. 
 
 Eau Claire Free Press (w). Apr. 28, 1859; Apr., 1867-May, 1889. 7 v. 
 Ft. May, 1889-1900. 6 v. F8. 
 
 Same (d). Nov., 1883— May, 1885. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1858, by Charles G. Patterson ; conducted by him about 
 eight months ; Gilbert E. Porter, May, 1859, till about May, 1864 (in part- 
 nership with E. G. Benjamin, Apr. — June, 1860) ; office then destroyed by 
 fire. Continued by John B. and H. M. Stocking ; again burned out, Jan., 
 1866 ; revived two months later, and conducted by the Stockings until 
 Dec, 1869 ; J. M. Brackett, 1870 — Apr., 1875 (in partnership with Rodman 
 Palmer, 1870 — July, 1871 ; with John Hunner, Dec, 1872 — Apr., 1875) ; 
 then by Free Press Printing Co., till 1881 ; edited successively by Brackett, 
 Charles L. James (son of G. P. R. James, English novelist), and J. A. 
 Whitmore. Continued by J. H. Keyes and J. H. Waggoner, 1881-87 ; 
 Waggoner alone, till Mar., 1890 ; H. C. Ashbaugh till Dec, 1901, when It 
 was absorbed by Eveniny Telegram, q. v. Daily established Jan., 1873. 
 Issued German edition, styled Freie Presse, to advocate Interests of Chip- 
 pewa Valley (beginning in May, 1873). Absorbed Dec, 1860, Chippewa 
 Valley Pioneer (established July, 1859, at Chippewa Falls, and conducted 
 by Arthur W. Delany) ; and in Apr., 1880, Western Tribune (founded May, 
 1879, by C. S. Ellison, at Eau Claire). Published series of articles, "Chip- 
 pewa Valley History," by Thomas E. Randall, May, 1874 — Feb., 1875. 
 Republican. 
 
 Gazette (w). Oct., 1896— July, 1898 (incomp.). Fe. 
 
 Founded 1886 as Workman's Gazette, by George W. Williams, and con- 
 ducted by him till 1891 ; George W. Gilkey, 1891-92 ; Horace L. Whittier, 
 1895 — May, 1898, when he enlisted, leaving A. J. Carmack as editor. No 
 later mention In Blue Book. 
 
 Herald. 
 
 See Augusta Herald, note. 
 
 Eau Claire I^eadeb (d). Aug.— Dec, 1883. Ft. 1884-85; Jan. — Apr., 
 1900; Nov., 1905-1910. 17 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded May, 1881 (d and w), probably by W. H. Lamb; later, pub- 
 lished by Leader Pub. Co. (E. M. Bartlett, George A. Barry, and others), 
 
 21— N. C. [ 321 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Eau Claire, Wis., continued: 
 
 till Nov., 1884 ; then leased to Saunders & Stone for one year, and W. K. 
 Atkinson and S. W. Braekett, from Nov., 1885 ; since then, conducted by 
 Atkinson, as manager of Leader Pub. Co., and edited by Percy C. Atkinson. 
 Independent till Aug., 1888 ; since then, Democratic. 
 
 Eau Claire Weekly Leader. May, 1889— Aug., 1892; Mar., 1895-1898. 
 4 v. Ft. 1899— June, 1905. 4 v. Fe. 
 
 Sunday Leadeb. 1893— Aug., 1894. F 7 . Sept., 1895-96. Fe. 
 
 New North Wisconsin (bi-m). Apr. — Aug., 1896. F. 
 
 Organ of N. Wis. Immigration and Improvement Assn. Published by J. 
 H. Petterbridge. 
 
 News. 
 
 See West Eau Claire. 
 
 Reform (w). Norwegian. Oct., 1895— Aug., 1896. Fe. 
 
 Established Jan., 1886, as successor of Chicago Afholdsbladet (founded 
 in 1884 j ; edited by Ole B. Olson, 1889 — Apr., 1903 ; since then by Walde- 
 mar Ager. Now issued by Fremad Pub. Co. (F. L. Trousdal, president In 
 1898; Kev. Olaf Refsdal in 1910). Advocates prohibition; organ of Skan- 
 dinaviske Fcallesselskab of Wisconsin and Minnesota. 
 
 Evening Telegram (d). Feb., 1895-1910. 42 v. Fe. 1911+ 
 
 Same (w). Sept., 1898-1905. 4 v. Fe. 
 
 Established Dec, 1894, by William Irvine ; sold by him to William P. 
 Welch and Albert J. Rich, Sept., 1895 ; two months later, sold to stock 
 company (Welch, George A. Barry, and Charles W. Fiske), and since con- 
 ducted by them (Telegram Pub. Co.). 
 
 Toiler (m). Apr., 1904. 
 Founded Mar., 1904. 
 
 Edgerton 
 
 Wisconsin Tobacco Reporter (w). May, 1876— Apr., 1885. 3 v. F*. 
 Apr., 1885-1909. 12 v. Fe. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Dec, 1874, as Edgerton Independent; after Apr., 1877, styled 
 Wis. Tobacco Reporter. Published by W. F. Tousley, Dec, 1874, till his 
 death in 1881 (in partnership with F. E. Tousley during 1875) ; since then 
 by F. W. Coon. Devoted to interests of tobacco-raisers and dealers ; also 
 gives local news. Independent. 
 
 Edgerton Union. June 7, July 12, 1866. 
 With Rock County Papers, 1860-70. 
 
 Elkhorn 
 
 Blade (w). May, 1891-Nov., 1905. 7 v. Fe. 
 
 Established Apr., 1891, by Charles E. Badger; conducted by him to date 
 (in partnership with B. 3. Curtis, Sept. — Dec, 1892 ; since then, with 
 Henry H. Tubbs). Prohibitionist. 
 
 [322] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Elkhorn Consebvatob (m). Oct., 1857. 
 
 Published by Otis Preston ; in magazine form, 28 pages ; has much valu- 
 able information about Elkhorn and vicinity. But one number issued. 
 
 Walworth County Democrat (w). Jan. 19, 1848. 
 
 Elkhorn Independent (w). Aug. 28, 1857. Aug., 1859-68. 4 v. F«. 
 1869— July, 1874. 2 v. Fr. 1875. Fa. 1882-1900. 8 V. Ft. 
 1901-1908. 4 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Established May, 1854, by Edgar J. Farnum, as Walworth Co. Inde- 
 pendent; sold by him, one year later, to James Densmore, and styled 
 Elkhorn Independent ; conducted by him till June, 1857 (most of that time 
 in partnership with John Hotchkiss) ; then absorbed Geneva Express, q. v., 
 Densmore selling his interest to Frank Leland and George S. Utter (the 
 latter retiring after a few weeks). Continued by Hotchkiss and Leland 
 till Feb., 1861 ; Leland till July, 1874 (in partnership with S. F. Bennett, 
 1861-64) ; then sold to John D. Devor, and published by him till close of 
 1877 ; J. W. and Dora J. Sankey, 1878 ; M. T. Park, 1879 — Mar., 1882 (in 
 partnership with Curtis M. Treat, 1879 ; with Eugene Kenney, Jan. — Mar., 
 1882) ; S. S. Rockwood, Apr., 1882 — Apr., 1883; Park & Kenney till May, 
 1899 ; Park, Kenney and Francis H. Eames, May, 1899 — Nov., 1902 ; Park 
 & Eames, Nov., 1902 — Mar., 1904 ; since then by Eames and J. H. Snyder. 
 Absorbed Walworth Co. Reporter (formerly Western Star, q. v.) Nov., 
 1856. Styled Walworth Co. Independent, 1868-93. 
 
 Walworth County Independent. 
 See Elkhorn Independent. 
 
 Kbis Kringle. Christmas, 1892. 
 
 Light op Home (m). July, 1858. 
 
 Published by C. E. Perkins. Literary. 
 
 Walworth County Libebal (w). Dec, 1873 — Jan., 1876. F?. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1S73, by Isaac B. Bickford ; edited by Wyman Spooner 
 and Otis Preston ; after two months, purchased by leading Democrats, and 
 conducted by Albert C. Beckwith and Eugene Kenney (in partnership with 
 Henry H. Tubbs during last year), till July, 1875, when office was de- 
 stroyed by Are. After two weeks, again started by A. C. and E. S. Beck- 
 with, under title of Elkhorn Literal, but suspended Jan., 1876. 
 
 Elkhorn Methodist (m). Aug., Sept., 1887. 
 
 Walworth County Repoeteb (w). 1853-56, 8 nos. Fs. 
 Published by E. R. and F. A. Utter. 
 
 High School Stylus (m). Nov. 26, 1888; June, 1899. 
 Published by students. 
 
 Westebn Stab (w). 1849-50, 16 nos. Fs. 
 
 First paper in Walworth County ; founded by George Gale, probably In 
 Aug., 1845, and conducted by him about one year ; afterwards by Francis 
 A. and E. R. Utter ; sold by them to Elkhorn Independent, q. v., Nov. 1856. 
 Styled Walworth Co. Reporter after Mar., 1853. Whig, till 1848 ; then 
 Free-Soil ; after July, 1852, Democratic. File bound with Whitewater 
 Register, 1872-73. 
 
 [323] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Ellsworth 
 
 Pierce County Herald (w). Aug., 1872-74. F*. 1875— Oct, 1883. 
 3 v. F6. Oct., 1883— Oct., 1884; 1896— Mar., 1906. 5 v. Ft. 
 1906-1909. 2 v. F6. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1868, by George W. and Morris B. Kimball ; conducted by 
 them till July, 1871 ; M. B. Kimball till Feb., 1877 (in partnership with 
 C. R. Morse, July,. 1871— Nov., 1872 ; with G. W. Kimball, Not., 1872— 
 Mar., 1874, and June — Oct., 1875 ; with E. F. Case, Oct., 1875 — Feb., 
 1877) ; G. W. Kimball alone, Mar., 1874 — June, 1875 ; Case and Eugene S. 
 Doolittle, Feb., 1877, till 1889 or 1890 ; now published by Herald Ptg. Co., 
 E. S. Doolittle, manager. Republican. 
 v 
 
 Elroy 
 
 Elroy Chronicle (w). Mar., 1890— Nov., 1892. 2 v.. F«. 
 
 Established Mar., 1890, by M. S. Parker ; removed to Mauston, Dec, 
 1892, and styled Juneau Co. Chronicle, q. v. ( 
 
 Our Church Life (m). 1901. F. 
 
 Home Missionary organ. Removed to Madison, Jan., 1902. 
 
 Elroy Headlight (w). Sept. 10, 1874; Feb.," 1875 — May, 1876. F«. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1874. by M. F. Stookey and L. M. Conn; after a few 
 months, conducted by Stookey and Jewett P. Cooper, till Aug., 1875 ; 
 Cooper alone, till its suspension in May, 1876. Edited by Julius C. 
 Chandler during 1875. Published series of articles by a pioneer on "Early 
 Occupation and Settlement of Juneau Co." in Apr. — Dec, 1875. Republi- 
 can. File for Nov., 1875 — May, 1876, is bound with New Lisbon Juneau 
 Co. Argus, 1874-76. 
 
 Plain Talker (w). 1877— Oct., 1883. 3 v. Fe. 
 
 Established October, 1876, by B. C. Kibbe ; conducted by him till Apr., 
 1881 ; N. B. .Wilkinson and D. C. Talbot, Apr., 1881— Oct., 1882 ; Talbot 
 alone till Oct., 1883, when merged with Elroy Tribune. Styled Juneau 
 Co. Plain Talker till ,Sept., 1879. At first neutral ; later, advocated Pro- 
 hibition. File for 1877 — Jan. 1878, bound with Mauston Star, 1877-79. 
 
 Wisconsin Statesman (w). Oct. 12-26, 1875. 
 
 Issued by D. Covelle Talbot, Oct. — Dec, 1875, apparently as campaign 
 paper ; supported Independent Temperance party ; continued In Jan., 1887, 
 as American Statesman ; probably of short duration. 
 
 Elroy Tribune (w). 1882— Oct., 1884. F«. Nov., 1884-98. 5 v. V. 
 
 1898-1908. 6 v. F«. 1909 + 
 
 Founded Nov., 1881, by D. T. Lindley and C. M. Hobart ; published by 
 Lindley alone, May, 1882— July, 1883 ; T. Lindley & Co., July, 1883— May, 
 1884 ; D. C. Talbot, one month ; then purchased by T. K. Dunn ; managed 
 by I. S. Dunn for several years ; since 1909 published by H. H. Dunn. 
 Consolidated with Plain Talker, Oct., 1883, latter name becoming sub-title 
 of Tribune. Republican. 
 
 ElToy Union (w). Jan., 1873— Jan., 1874. Fs. 
 
 Established Jan., 187S, by Peter Richards and J. H. Powers; the latter 
 retired in the following Sept., and Richards conducted It till its suspension, 
 Jan., 1874. Republican. File bound with Juneau Co. Argus, 1874-76. 
 
 [324] 
 
Wi 
 
 sconsm 
 
 Eureka 
 
 Eureka Journal (w). May, 1867 — May, 1868. F». 
 
 Established May, 1867, by Horace E. Rounds ; suspended one year later. 
 Republican. File bound with Oehkoah Papers, 1849-68. 
 
 Evansville 
 
 Badges (w). Oct., 1894— Apr., 1906. 6 v. Fe. 
 
 Established by Marilla and Elenora Andrews, and conducted by them 
 till 1906, when absorbed by Review, q. v. 
 
 Citizen (w). 1866-68 (incomp.). Fe. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1866, by I. A. Hoxie, and conducted by him till Oct., 1868 ; 
 C. W. Baker, till Dec. following ; then suspended. Independent Republi- 
 can. File bound with Evansville, Review, 1870-71. 
 
 Wisconsin Citizen (m). Oct., 1898— May, 1899. F*. 
 See same title, under Brodhead. 
 
 Enterprise (w). 1882-1909. 9 v. Fe. 1910+ 
 
 Founded June, 1881, by C. A. Libby, as Pudding-Stick (m) ; styled 
 Enterprise in following November, and issued weekly. Edited by C. A. 
 Libby from the start, published bv Evans Pub. Co., Nov., 1881 — Jan., 
 1892 ; C. A. Libby till May, 1908, when bought by George Meachem, the 
 present publisher. Absorbed Tribune, q. v., at same time. Independent. 
 
 Independent (w). May — July, 1878. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1878 by J. A. Sawin and conducted by him till Feb., 1879 ; by 
 him with E. W. Stevens till Oct. ; Stevens, Oct. — Dec, 1879. Moved to 
 Madison, July, 1878. Suspended Dec. 11, 1879. With Stoughton Courier, 
 1876-78. 
 
 Evansville Review (w). Mar., 1870-93. 8 v. Fe. Jan— Apr., 1894; 
 Apr., 1895-1908. 7 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1870, by I. A. Hoxie ; one month later, absorbed Citizen 
 (second paper of that name; had recently been started by H. S. Ehrman), 
 and for some time styled Citizen-Revitte, numbering its volumes consecu- 
 tively after those of first Citizen, q. v. Conducted by Hoxie till Oct., 1893 
 (except by J. Boyd Jones, Apr., 1879 — Apr., 1880; and by Cliff. M. Wells, 
 Feb., 1883 — Mar., 1884) ; J. W. Bird was Hoxie's partner during July, 
 1880 — July, 1881. Published by George Magee and W. C. Lawton, Oct., 
 1893 — Dec, 1895 ; Magee and R. M. Antes till 1903 ; since then, Antes 
 alone. Absorbed Badger, q. v., in 1906. Republican. 
 
 Tribune (w). Aug., 1886— May, 1908. 7 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1882, by C. A. Libby, under title of Saturday Enterprise; pub- 
 lished by him till 1884 ; H. B. Blackmun and L. T. Pullen, 1884-86; C. A. 
 Libby & Sons till merged with Enterprise, q. v., May, 1908, as Enterprite 
 and Tribune. Independent. 
 
 Fairchild 
 
 Fairchild Observer (w). Aug., 1905-1909. 2 v. Fe. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1897. Published successively by Forbes & Pratt, Pratt & 
 Ewald, C. C. Nettesheim, and A. C. Harmon till May, 1906 ; Jessie K. Har- 
 mon, May, 1906 — May, 1907 ; since then R. B. Swartout. Republican. 
 
 [325] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Fall River 
 
 New Era (w). 1906— July, 1910. 3 v. Ft. Aug., 1910— Mar, 1, 1912. 
 pe. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1905, by Lemuel H. Doyle and conducted by Mm till 
 Nov., 1910 ; then Edwards J. Doyle till absorbed by Columbus Republi- 
 can, Mar. 1, 1912. Independent. 
 
 Fayette 
 
 Fayette Messenger (m). 1902-1903. F. 
 
 Conducted by George Brown, pastor of local M. E. church. Suspended 
 on his removal to Montfort, Nov., 1903. 
 
 Femiimore 
 
 Fennimore Times (w). Dec, 1900-1909. 5 v. F«. 1910+ 
 See Times-Review. 
 
 Times-Review (w). Oct., 1895— Dec., 1900. 3 t. Fs. 
 
 Established Sept., 1889, by E. L. Howe, under title of Times; conducted 
 by him till 1894 (in partnership with Ernest Brooks, Apr., 1892 — Mar., 
 1893 ; after that date, with Henry E. Roethe) since 1894, conducted by 
 Roethe. Styled Times-Review, May, 1893-1901 ; since then Times, q. v. 
 Conducted since 1901 by H. E. and E. J. Roethe. Republican. 
 
 Fifield 
 
 Fifield Advocate (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. Oct. 25, 1883. 
 
 Florence 
 
 Florence Mining News (w). 1882-83. Ft. 1884-1908. 12 v. F». 
 1909+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1881, by James F. Atkinson ; conducted by him till Ms 
 death, Dec, 1882 ; Anna F. and Claude M. Atkinson, five months ; Chase 
 S. Osborn, May, 1883— Apr., 1887 (in partnership with James I. Toner, 
 during first year) ; since then, George C. Youngs (with Henry C. Camp- 
 bell, till Aug., 1888; with his brother, Fred M., till Dec, 1904). Repub- 
 lican, till 1887 ; then Independent ; now Republican. 
 
 Fond du Lac 
 
 Appeal (m). May, 1876-80. Fa. 
 
 Founded May, 1876, by J. A. Watrous, as organ of Temple of Honor; 
 removed to Chippewa Falls, Aug., 1880 ; there edited by J. N. Phillips, and 
 published by George A. Barry. Contains many historical and biographical 
 sketches. 
 
 American Chubchman (m). 1900 — June, 1901. Q._ 
 Continuation of Diocese of Fond du Lac, q. v. 
 
 Fond du Lac Commonwealth (w). Sept., 1856 — Mar., 1885. 10 V. Ft. 
 Apr., 1885-1906. 13 v. Fe. 
 
 [326] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Same (d). Feb., 1902-1910. 27 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Successor of Fountain City Herald and Western Freeman, q. v. ; founded 
 Oct., 1853, by J. A. Smith; conducted by him till Aug., 1869 (in partner- 
 ship with Lloyd M. Orvis, till death of latter, Dec, 1858 ; with Thomas 
 Bryant, Oct., 1860— Oct., 1862 ; with Charles H. Benton, Nov., 1864— Jan., 
 1865; with John P. Bigler, after July, 1868). Purchased in Aug., 1860, 
 by J. A. Watrous, T. B. Reid, and S. S. Fifleld ; Reid left Oct., 1870, and 
 Fifleld somewhat earlier ; then conducted by Watrous (with Howard M. 
 Kutchin, after Aug., 1871), till Apr., 1877; Kutchin, till Feb., 1885 (with 
 Charles D. Elliott, Nov., 1879 — Feb., 1882). Sold to stock company in 
 Feb., 1885, and continued, under title of Commonwealth, with C. B. Max- 
 fleld and Henry Bush, editors ; P. B. Haber, manager. Since 1899 pub-, 
 lished by P. B. Haber Ptg. Co. Edited by A. T. Glaze, 1891-94 ; Nicholas 
 Smith, 1894-99 ; since then by E. M. Jenison. Among assistant editors 
 were : V. W. Richardson, 1876 ; T. F. Strong, six months ; L. A. Lange, 
 June, 1877-82 ; J. L. Thwing, 1885-86. Daily issued in 1856 ; Aug., 1866- 
 67 ; and since Aug., 1870, to date. Republican. 
 
 Nordwestliche Cotjbieb (w). 1874— Oct., 1875. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1871, by Carl de Haas ; conducted by him till his death, 
 May, 1875; by his sons, Fred de Haas & Bros., three years; owned since 
 Apr., 1878, by W. F. Weber. Issued semi-weekly edition, May, 1871 — 
 May, 1873: also in 1893-95; Sunday edition styled Daheim, since Oct., 
 1884. Democratic. 
 
 National Democrat (w). Feb. 9, 1853. 
 
 Successor of Patriot (founded Apr., 1851, by John D. Hyman), which 
 was purchased by Amos Reed, Jan., 1852, and styled National Democrat; 
 sold to M. J. Thomas, June, 1853, and merged in Fond du Lac Union, q. v. 
 Whig, under Hyman ; afterwards Democratic. File bound with Union, 
 1853-55. 
 
 Diocese of Fond du Lac (m). 1894-99. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Established 1882 by John H. H. Brown, first bishop of Fond du Lac. 
 Issued by P. B. Haber Pub. House. Edited by Bishop Brown, 1882-88 ; 
 Canon T. S. Richey, 1888-89 ; F. W. Merrill, 1889-91 ; Canon E. B. Taylor, 
 1891-94; Bishop Charles C. Grafton till 1902, when merged in Living 
 Church, of Milwaukee, q. v. Issued at Menasha, July, 1896 — Dec, 1897 ; 
 Oconto, Jan., 1898 — Feb., 1899 ; Manitowoc, 1899 ; Milwaukee, under title 
 American Churchman, q. v., 1900-1901. Organ of Protestant Episcopal 
 Diocese of Fond du Lac. 
 
 Western Freeman (w). Dec, 1854 — Sept., 1856. Fe. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1853, by J. A. Smith, at Sheboygan Falls, under title of 
 Free Press; removed hither, and styled Western Freeman; conducted by 
 Smith till Sept., 1856, when succeeded by Commonwealth, q. v. Republi- 
 can, anti-slavery and temperance. 
 
 Fountain City Herald (w). Nov., 1852— Feb., 1856; Jan., 1855— Sept, 
 1856. 2 v. Ff. 
 
 - Same (d). July— Oct., 1854; Mar.— Sept., 1856. 2 v. Fs, 
 
 Established Nov., 1852, by Royal Buck, and conducted by him till Sept., 
 1856 ; then united with Western Freeman, q. v. ; succeeded by Common- 
 wealth, q. v. Daily issued during part of each year, in 1854 and 1856. 
 Whig; afterwards Free-Soil and Republican. 
 
 [327] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Fond dtj Lac, Wis., continued: 
 
 Fond du Lac Jotjbbtal (w). 1850 — June, 1853. F?. 
 
 First paper in Fond du Lac County ; founded Oct., 1846, by John 0. Hen- 
 ning and Eli Hooker ; conducted by them six months ; Edward Beeson, 
 Mar., 1847 — Mar., 1849 (having -as partners, in 1847, Henning, Mar. — 
 Sept. ; William C. Dodge, Sept. — Dec.) ; J. A. Eastman and A. A. White, 
 Mar. — Oct., 1849 ; Eastman & Beeson, till June, 1851 ; Beeson alone, till 
 June, 1853 ; then united with National Democrat and styled Fond du Lao 
 Union, q. v. Democratic. 
 
 Fond du Lac Jo-ubnal (w). Oct., 1874— Feb., 1881; 1882-86. 5 v. F«. 
 Third paper of this name ; established May, 1867, by Edward Beeson ; 
 conducted by him till Nov., 1871 (in partnership with Michael Bohan after 
 Dec, 1870) ; Bohan and Stephen D. Carpenter, till Sept., 1873 ; Timothy 
 P. Strong and James Russell, till Nov., 1874 ; Russell, till Jan., 1875. 
 Then joint-stock company was formed, under the name of the Star Ptg. 
 Co., with Russell as editor ; conducted thus till July, 1879 ; then sold to 
 L. W. Safford, who leased it to Russell and L. Q. Olcott; continued by 
 them six months; Russell alone, Jan. — Aug., 1880; then purchased by 
 Edward and E. B. Beeson, who published it till 1892 (in partnership with 
 Ed. McLoughlin, July, 1884 — Apr., 1887) ; owned and edited by Jacob K. 
 Bloom, 1892—93; later, merged in Saturday .Reporter, q. v. Issued daily 
 editions in 1872 (edited by S. D. Carpenter), in 1878, and after Sept., 1879. 
 Democratic. 
 
 People's Champion (w). Dec, 1877 — Sept., 1879: Fe. 
 
 Pounded Sept., 1877, by incorporated company ; edited by J. O. Barrett 
 and managed by I. R. Sanford ; at the end of 1878, placed in charge of 
 Sanford and E. B. Bolens ; suspended Sept., 1879 ; removed to Appleton 
 Oct., 1879, and published there till Aug., 1880, when merged in Oshkosh 
 Standard. 
 
 Fond du Lac Pbess (d). Sept. — Nov., 1866. F«. 
 
 Daily edition of Democratic Press; see F. du L. Union. Pile bound with 
 Commonwealth, 1866-68. 
 
 Saturday Eepobtee (w). 1861-66. 2 v. F«. 1867 — Jan., 1878. i T. 
 
 Fs. Feb., 1878-88. 5 v. Fe. 
 
 Established Aug., 1860, by John J. Beeson ; conducted by him till Nov., 
 1873 ; James L. Thwing, eleven years (in partnership with H. R. Farnum, 
 Jan.. 1874— July. 1875; with C. D. Pillsbury, July, 1875— Sept., 1878; 
 with W. R. Simmons, May, 1881 — Jan., 1882 ; with Louis A. Lange, Jan., 
 1883 — Jan., 1885) ; conducted by Lange (with T. F. Strong as edito^'M 
 writer, 1885 — June. 1895), Jan., 1885 to 1903, when incorporated as-, 
 porter Ptg. Co., Lange being president to date. Edited at present by 
 Charles F. Coffman. In July, 1881, absorbed Wisconsin Farmer (w) 
 (founded Oct., 1879 ; edited by Edward Beeson and H. D. Wing, and pub- 
 lished by John W. Lockin ; sold to Will Simmons Jan., 1881, and merged 
 in Reporter at end of six months) and Journal, q. v., about 1894. Pub- 
 lished in Feb. — May, 1886, a series of "Sketches of pioneer life of early 
 settlers in Fond du Lac County." Daily issued since Mar., 1883. Demo- 
 cratic. , 
 
 Daily Refobteb and Fond du • Lac Journal. June, 1894 — Juns, 1901. 
 
 14 v. Fa. July, 1901— Aug., 1903. 6 v. FK Sept., 1903— Aug., 
 1911. 24 v. Fe. Sept., 1911+ 
 [328] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 "Wisconsin Republican (w). July 2, 1849. 
 
 Removed hither from Green Bay, q. v., Dec, 1847, by Samuel Ryan Jr. ; 
 conducted by him (during most of the time, in partnership with William 
 B. Magee) till suspension, Mar., 1851 ; owned by George Williams after 
 Oct., 1850, but edited by Ryan ; after July, 1850, styled Fountain City. 
 Succeeded by Patriot (see National Democrat). 
 
 Fond du Lac Union (w). June, 1853 — May, 1858. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Successor of Journal and National Democrat, q. v. ; published by M. J. 
 Thomas, June, 1853 — Jan., 1858 (in partnership with Edward Beeson, 
 June, 1853— June, 1854; with A. J. Reed, July, 1854— Feb., 1856; with 
 S. C. Chandler, Feb.— July, 1857 ; with W. H. Brooks, July— Dec, 1857) ; 
 continued by Augustus L. Smith, Jan. — May, 1858; then sold to S. M. 
 Smead, and consolidated with the second Journal, under title of Demo- 
 cratic Press. Issued daily edition, Mar. — Nov., 1856. 
 
 The second Journal was established Feb., 1857, by Van B. Smead and 
 J. J. Beeson ; three months later Beeson retired, being succeeded by A. J. 
 Rockwell and T. F. Strong Jr. ; continued by Smead & Strong till May, 
 1858, when it was consolidated with Union. 
 
 Democratic Press was published by Smead Bros. & Strong, May, 1858 — 
 Feb., 1859 ; Smead Bros., till the death of Van B., Nov. following ; S. M. 
 Smead, Nov., 1859— Nov., 1861 ; Strong, till May, 1862 (during which time 
 it was claimed to be "the handsomest, neatest, and most carefully-pre- 
 pared paper ever published in Wisconsin") ; Edward Beeson and Kingman 
 Flint, three months ; A. P. Swineford and S. D. Stanchfield, Sept., 1862 — 
 Jan., 1864 ; Swineford alone, until Mar., 1866 ; J. H. Lambert and A. C. 
 Palmer, Mar. — Aug., 1866 ; the next month purchased by James Swineford, 
 who suspended its publication Nov. 1. Daily begun Feb., 1865 ; con- 
 tinued till Nov., 1866. See Fond du Lac Press. 
 
 Fond du Lac Whig (w). Dec, 1846— Nov., 1847. Fs. 
 
 Established by J. M. Gillett, Dec, 1846 ; after March, 1847, conducted 
 by him and Eli Hooker ; suspended Nov., 1847. 
 
 Fort Atkinson 
 
 Wisconsin Chief (s-m; m, after 1875). Mar. 23, 1859. Nov. 20, 1860. 
 Apr. 17, 1861. Nov., 1863— Sept., 1867. Q. Oct., 1867-81 (in- 
 comp..); 1882— Jan., 1889. 2 v. Fb. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1849, by Thurlow W. Brown, at Auburn, N. Y., as 
 Cayuga Chief; removed to Ft. Atkinson, Oct., 1856, and styled Wis. Chief 
 July, 1857 ; conducted by Brown till his death, May, 1866 ; thereafter by 
 his sister, Emma Brown, who was also associate editor from its founda- 
 tion ; merged in Mis. Good Templar (q. v. under Madison), Mar., 1889. 
 For several years the only temperance paper in the state ; official organ 
 of Good Templars in Wisconsin, 1853-67. Republican. 
 
 Fort Atkinson Chronicle (w). Nov., 1895-99. 2 v. Fo. 
 
 Founded 1895 by M. S. Parker ; conducted by him till July, 1898 ; G. H. 
 Landgraf, July — Sept., 1898 ; E. G. Farlin, Sept., 1898 — July 4, 1899 ; 
 Fort Atkinson Ptg. Co. (Charles G. Farber, manager), July — Dec, 1899. 
 No later mention in directories. Democratic. 
 
 Fort Atkinson Herald (w). June, 1872— Sept., 1873. F«. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1866, by H. S. Ehrman ; sold to Howard M. Kutchin in 
 Nov., 1867, and conducted by him till Oct., 1870 ; by George W. Burchard. 
 Oct., 1870 — July, 1871 ; again by Kutchin, two months ; sold then to J. C< 
 Keeney, and conducted by him till its suspension, Sept., 1873. 
 
 [329] ' 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Fokt Atkinson, Wis., continued: 
 
 Hoard's Dairyman (w). 1885-1910. 19 v. F*. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1885, as Dairy Edition of Jefferson. Co. Union, q. v. ; pub- 
 lished as separate journal after Mar., 1889 ; conducted by W. D. Hoard 
 as editor-in-chief since its establishment ; associate editors, J. A. Smith, 
 1889-90; Prof. F. G. Short, May, 1898— Dec, 1908; Gen. George W. 
 Burchard, after July, 1892 ; Arthur I. Glover since Dec, 1904. Files to 
 Apr., 1891, bound with Union. 
 
 Jefferson Cotjntt Union (w). Feb., 1878-84. 3 v. F*. 1885-1910. 
 
 16 v. F6. 1911+ 
 
 Established Mar., 1870, by W. D. Hoard at Lake Mills ; removed to Fort 
 Atkinson May, 1873. Published by Hoard, 1870— June, 1894 ; since then 
 by W. D. Hoard Co. Edited by W. D. Hoard since foundation ; assisted 
 by Charles H. Fullerton, Apr. — Dec, 1873 ; H. L. Hoard, Aug., 1884— to 
 date ; E. S. Rice, May, 1894-1906 ; and by Adelbert C. Noyes, Aug., 1906 to 
 date. Issues also English-German edition (founded Mar., 1876), and 
 literary edition (founded Mar., 1885). Absorbed, Apr., 1873, Lodi Jour- 
 nal, q. v. Republican. 
 
 Fort Howard 
 
 LThe consolidation of Fort Howard with Green Bay was agreed to by 
 popular vote, Apr. 2, 1895J 
 
 Fort Howard Herald (w). Aug., 1874— Mar., 1877. F». 
 
 Established Nov., 1872, by C. J. Pratt ; conducted by him till Mar., 1878 
 (in partnership with C. and William Munroe, after Jan., 1877) ; J. H. 
 Nevins was assistant editor, Jan. — Apr., 1875. Sold to P. R. Proctor, 
 Mar., 1878, and styled Brown Co. Herald, with Nevins as editor ; merged 
 in Depere News, q. v., Oct., 1878. Absorbed Monitor, q. v., Jan., 1877. 
 Democratic 
 
 Fort Howard Journal (w). Feb., 1879— Apr., 1880. Fs. 
 
 Founded by Alexander Sutherland, Nov., 1878 ; conducted by him till 
 May, 1880 (in partnership with Julius Uhlferder, Apr. — Nov., 1879), then 
 suspended ; revived by Sutherland in July, but finally suspended Oct., 1880. 
 Issued a few numbers of Morning Journal (d) in Dec, 1879. Independent. 
 
 Fort Howard Monitor (w). Jan., 1876— Jan., 1877. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1872, by William Humphreville ; owned by David McCart- 
 ney after Feb., 1873 ; edited by Dan Camp, Feb., 1873 — Dec, 1875 ; G. B^ 
 Taylor, 1876 (aided by Humphreville, after April) ; suspended Jan., 1877^ 
 and merged in x Herald, q. v. File bound with Herald. 
 
 Fort Howard Review (w). Feb., 1877 — March, 1895. F«. 
 
 Established Sept., 1875, by D. M. Burns, as advertising sheet (m), also 
 giving local news ; published by him till Dec, 1876, then by Review Ptg. 
 Co. (James Kerr, secretary), becoming wholly a local newspaper; in Jan., 
 following was enlarged and published weekly ; since Sept., 1883, owned by 
 James Kerr & Son ; edited by James Kerr since Nov., 1876. Published 
 semi-weekly, Mar. — June, 1895 ; since then styled Oreen Bay Review, q. v. 
 In issue for Aug. 28, 1886, is a history of Brown County newspapers. 
 Republican ; also religious and literary. 
 
 [330] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Fort Winnebago 
 
 I Name of town changed to Portage City, q. v., Jan. 1, 1852] 
 Riveb Times (w). July, 1850— Sept., 1853. F». 
 
 First paper In Portage ; founded by John and James Delany, and con- 
 ducted by' them till death of James, v May, 1853 ; John, Joseph and Arthur 
 Delany, till following Sept. ; then succeeded by Badger State, q. v. Inde- 
 pendent Democratic. 
 
 Fountain City 
 
 Alma BlItteb (w). 1889-91; Jan.— ^Sept, 1892; Jan.— Sept., 1895. 
 2 v. Ft. Oct., 1895— June, 1910. 7 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1889 ; published by Schmitz & Mailer ; edited by George 
 Seller, of Alma, till Nov., 1 889, afterwards issued as edition of Buffalo Co. 
 Republikaner. Published by John Schmitz, Nov., 1889 — Nov., 1890 ; Paul 
 F. Miiller till Sept., 1892, when consolidated with Republikaner, its name 
 becoming sub-title of latter paper. After Nov., 1894, published as separ- 
 ate edition of Republikaner, till suspension, June, 1910. 
 
 Fountain City Beacon (w). Aug. — Dec, 1856, scat. nos. F». 
 
 First paper in Buffalo County ; established Mar., 1856, by L. M. Rose ; 
 edited by T. G. Hake. In Nov. following, purchased by J. K. Averill ; but a 
 few weeks later became property of Joint stock company, who published it 
 till Aug., 1857 ; then sold to Charles G. Patterson, who conducted it till 
 suspension, Oct., 1858. In Dec, 1856, had sub-title, and Buffalo, Dunn, 
 Chippewa, Trempealeau and Clark Counties Advertiser. Supported Fre- 
 mont candidacy in 1856 ; later was Democratic. File bound with Alma 
 Weekly Express, 1869-70. 
 
 Buffalo County Republikaner (w). Apr., 1870 — Sept., 1895. 9 v. Ft. 
 Oct., 1895-1909. 7 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1861, at Buffalo City, by Charles Lohmann, in associa- 
 tion with a committee of citizens ; suspended in July ; revived in Oct., 
 next., by G. G. Oppliger, who purchased it from the corporation ; removed 
 to Fountain City, May, 1864 ; sold by Oppliger to John F. Hauser, Apr., 
 1869 ; conducted by him till Nov., 1871 ; Joseph Leicht (founder of 
 Winona Westlicher Herald, 1881), Nov., 1871-80; Frederick Hepp and 
 John L. TJtermBhl, 1881-85; Hepp and Jacob Meili, 1886; Schmitz & 
 Mttiller, 1887-88 ; Paul F. Miiller, 1888-96 ; Republikaner Pub. Co., 1896- 
 99; Wittzack & Rath, Oct.— Dec, 1899; E. Wittzack, 1899-1910; since 
 then by Justin Landwehr. Republican till 1870 ; thereafter, Democratic. 
 
 Fox Lake 
 
 Fox Lake Gazette (w). Apr., 1858-59. Ft. I860— Mar., 1865. 2 v. 
 Fa. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1854, by H. C. George & Co., under title of Times; sold by 
 them to Charles Corbltt, Apr., 1855 ; continued by John R. Swallow, after 
 July, 1856, as Journal, till July, 1857 ; B. C. Gollidy, July, 1857 — Mar.. 
 1858 ; then sold to James V. Fitch, and styled Gazette ; suspended Mar., 
 1865, but in May succeeded by Record, published by C. A. Stevens and C. F. 
 George ; after Mar., 1866, by George ; suspended in Aug., following. At 
 first neutral ; under Fitch, Republican ; neutral, as Record. 
 
 [331] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Fox Lake, Wis., continued: 
 
 Pox Lake Representative (w). June, 1871 — Apr., 1881. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Successor of Record (see Gazette) ; established Sept., 1866, by John 
 Hotehkiss ; conducted by him till Jan., 1893 (in partnership with Henry L. 
 Stafford, July, 1875 — Apr., 1879; later, with his son, Dean J. Hotehkiss). 
 Continued since Jan., 1893, as Fox Lake Republican, by D. J. Hotehkiss. 
 Republican. 
 
 Friendship 
 
 Adams County Press (w). June, 1865-1908. 19 v. F«. 1909 + 
 
 Founded July, 1861, by Solon W. Pierce, and conducted by him (except 
 Aug., 1864 — Aug., 1865, by Frank O. Wisner), till his death, Sept., 1905; 
 since then by his son, Harry S. Pierce. Pierce had, as partners : W. L. 
 Abbott, Apr. — Dec, 1863 ; J. M. Harrison, Jan. — Aug., 1864 ; A. H. Carter, 
 Jan., 1868 — Feb., 1870 ; Al. Higgins, June, 1869— Apr., 1871 ; and B. F. 
 Waterman, Apr., 1871 — Jan., 1874. During several years, was organ of 
 Wis. Patrons of Husbandry. Republican. 
 
 Galesville 
 
 Galesville Independent (w). 1876— Mar., 1885. 3 v. Ft. Mar., 1885— 
 Feb., 1887. Fa. 
 
 Established Oct., 1874, by Galesville Ptg. Assn. ; edited by Cunning- 
 ham & Luce till Oct., 1875 ; W. M. Doty, Nov., 1875— Mar., 1877 ; S. S. 
 Luce till May, 1881 ; then purchased by Luce and his son W. S. ; con- 
 ducted by them till 1889 ; afterwards by T. F. Ball ; succeeded by H. L. 
 Vandervort, who sold the paper to W. A. Tower in Jan., 1895. Tower 
 was publisher ti'l 1898 or 1899, when be sold to Bunsen Bros., who con- 
 ducted the paper till 1907 ; conducted in that year by Smith & Gwynne. 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 Galesville Journal (w). May, 1870— Aug., 1874. Ft. 
 
 Established May, 1870, by G. S. Luce, and conducted by him till Aug., 
 1874 (in partnership with J. H. Powers, during first year ; with H. L. 
 Bunn, May, 1871— Feb., 1873 ; with H. F. Burt, Feb.— June, 1873). Edited 
 by Julius C. Chandler, Jan. — Apr., 1871 ; S. S. Luce, Apr., 1871 — May, 
 1872. Absorbed Trempealeau Co. Record (q. v., under Trempealeau), Jan., 
 1873 ; styled thereafter Journal and Record. Sold by Luce to B. E. 
 Clarke, Aug., 1874, and removed to Whitehall, under title Trempealeau Co. 
 Messenger, q. v. Republican. We for May — Dec, 1870, bound with 
 Trempealeau Co. Papers, 1860-70. 
 
 Galesville Transcript (w). Nov., I860 1 — Apr., 1866. 2 v. F*. Apr., 
 1866— Nov., 1867. F«. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1860, by S. S. Luce, and conducted by him till Oct., 1865 
 (in partnership at first with George Gale; with Chas. A. Leith during last 
 two months) ; by Leith and H. R. Gale, till Nov., 1867' ; then removed to 
 Trempealeau and styled Trempealeau Co. Record, q. v. Republican. File 
 for Jan. — Nov., 1867, bound with Trempealeau Co. Papers, 1867-70. 
 
 Geneva 
 
 ' ' [See Lake Geneva] 
 
 [332] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Genoa Junction 
 
 [See Lake Geneva] 
 
 Genoa Junction Journal (w). Feb. — Sept., 1895. F\ 
 
 Established by Luther G. Riggs, Dec, 1890; B. L. Spence owner in 1895; 
 merged in Lake Geneva News Sept., 1895. Republican. File bound with 
 Lake Geneva Herald, 1895. 
 
 Lake Geneva Tleiiis (d) established about July, 1879, by C. H. Burdiek 
 
 and G. E. Early ; sold within three months to J. S. Badger, and changed 
 
 to a weekly. Owned after 1882 by A. K. Owen ; edited by Burdiek, 1883 — 
 
 Apr., 1892 ; then by Dale Owen. Sold by Owen to N. W. Smalls, Aug., 
 
 1894. Absorbed Genoa Junction Journal. 
 
 Glenwood 
 
 Glenwood Tribune (w). Aug., 1903-1907. 2 v. F«. 1908 + 
 
 Founded 1889 by Edward Huntington, and published by him till 1891 ; 
 since then by C. J. Augustin (except that W. M. Shirk was owner, 1895- 
 98; Towner Bros., 1898-69; and Yates & Hull, 1903-07). Independent. 
 
 Glidden 
 
 Pioneer (w). Nov., 1884-87. F&. Jan., 1888-Mar., 1889. F«. 
 
 Established Nov., 1884, by R. M. Williams ; continued by him till Mar., 
 1889 (in partnership with F. A. Healy, Nov., 1884 — Feb., 1887 ; with A 
 Franke, two months) ; edited by T. C. Johnson, Apr. — Dec, 1887 ; Peter 
 Danielson, six months ; M. Scallon, June, 1888 — Mar., 1889 ; then sold to 
 Ed. Fennelly. Suspended soon after. Independent Democratic. 
 
 Grand Rapids 
 
 Grand Rapids Pilot (w). July 11, 1863. 
 
 Founded June, 1863, by B. Miller and J. H. Wells. File bound with 
 Wood Co. Reporter, 1860-63. 
 
 Wood County Reporter (w). Feb.— Oct., 1858; Jan.— May, 1859; Feb., 
 1860-1863. Fa. 1864; June, 1873-74. Ft. 1875-1905. 14 v. F». 
 1906— Apr., 1909. 2 v. Ft. May, 1909+ 
 
 Established Dec, 1857. Publishers and editors : J. N. Brundage, Dec, 
 1857 — Sept., 1864 ; Brundage and J. E. Ingraham (H. Benton Philleo, 
 editor), Sept. — Dec, 1864; Ingraham and Philleo, 1865 — Feb., 1880; 
 H. B. Philleo & Son, two months ; Paul and A. L. Fontaine, Apr., 1880 — 
 Apr., 1886 ; since then, A. L. Fontaine. Republican. 
 
 Grand Rapids Tribune (w). Apr., 1900— Jan., 1903. F«. 
 Continuation of Centralia Enterprise and Tribune, q. v. 
 
 Grantsburg 
 
 Journal of Burnett County (w). Aug., 1895-1908. 6 v. F«. 1909+ 1 
 Founded 1895 by Ed. L. Peet and owned by him till 1905 ; since then 
 by Journal Pub. Co. Edited by F. R. Huth since 1904. Absorbed Burnett 
 County Sentinel, q. v.. Jan., 1910. Progressive Republican. 
 
 [333] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Gbantsbubg, Wis., continued: 
 
 Burnett County Sentinel (w). 1877-1896. 7 v. Fs. 1897-1901. 2 v. 
 Ft. 1902— Jan., 1910. 4 v. F<s. 
 
 Founded about Mar., 1875, by M. Westcott ; conducted by him one year ; 
 W. B. Talboys, Mar., 1876 — Sept., 1888 ; G. A. Olson, till his death, Dec, 
 1891 ; A. M. Anderson & Co., Dec, 1891 — Oct., 1896; William Hoffstead & 
 Co., Oct., 1896 — Apr., 1901 ; A. J. Myrland and Herbert Ahlstrom, Apr., 
 1901 — May, 1905 ; Myrland and Charles L. Fisher till merged with Journal 
 of Burnett County, q. v. t Jan , 1910. Republican. File for Jan. — July, 
 1877, bound with Bayfield Press, 1877-79. 
 
 Gravesville 
 
 Calumet Republican (w). Aug., 1859 — July, 1861. Fe. 
 
 Established Aug., 1859, by J. N. Stone ; suspended Dec, 1861, when he 
 entered the Union army. 
 
 Green Bay 
 
 Green Bay Advocate (w). 1846-53, scat, nos.; Mar., 1854-59; Jan. — 
 June, 1861; Aug., 1862-66; 1867-70. 4 v. F*. 1871— June, 1895. 
 8 v. FB. June, 1895-1897; Nov., 1903— June, 1905. 2 v. F«. 
 
 — Same (s-w). 1899— Sept., 1901; Jan., 1905— Dec, 1906. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Same (tri-w). Sept., 1901— Oct., 1903. (Sept.— Dec, 1901 with 
 
 1899-1901, s. w.) 
 
 Same (d). 1897-1898; Nov., 1903— Aug., 1906. 14 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1846, by C. D. and A. C. Robinson ; conducted by them 
 till July, 1885 (in partnership with Dorr Clark, Mar., 1875 — Mar., 1881) ; 
 C. D. Robinson alone, till his death, Sept., 1886 ; his widow and Edward 
 Decker till Dec, 1888 ; her share was then purchased by Decker, who six 
 months later took as partners A. Hoppe and John F. Dockry ; conducted by 
 them, June, 1889-93 ; Advocate Pub. Co. (Edward and David Decker, and 
 W. C. Jenkins), till Mar., 1899; J. E. Harris and H. S. Marvin, Mar., 
 1899 — Mar., 1901 (Frank Tilton and L. C. Snavely, local editors) ; Advo- 
 cate Pub. Co. (E. Decker, president, J. E. Harris, manager), Mar., 1901 — 
 Aug., 1902 ; Francis R. Singleton, Aug., 1902 — Dec, 1906. Consolidated 
 with Green Bay Gazette (q. v.), Dec, 1906. Editors: Charles D. Robin- 
 son, 1846-61 (associates, Earle S. Coodrieh, July, 1852-53 ; D. W. Ballon, 
 1853-54); from 1861 to date, Franklin Tilton and at intervals, C. D. 
 Robinson, Abbie C. B. Robinson, Dorr Clark, and John F. Dockry ; associate 
 since Dec, 1885, A. R. McCleneghan. Issued Advocate Daily Bulletin 
 (first daily in Green Bay) from May, 1861, to Aug., 1862, and another 
 daily in 1871 ; present daily edition established Oct., 1894. Many interest- 
 ing sketches of local and early State history are contained in the Advo- 
 cate, especially in its early files. In January of each year since 1884, is 
 contained a chronological list of important events during preceding yea' 
 in Green Bay and neighboring towns. In Apr., 1895, absorbed Daily Jour- 
 nal. Independent Democratic. 
 
 Concobdia (w). German. Aug., 1875-81. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established at Manitowoc, Oct., 1874, probably by James Fessler ; pur- 
 chased by Fred. Burkard and by him removed to Green Bay, July, 1875, 
 
 [334] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 where It was united with Wis. Staats-ZcHung, 2nd, q. v. ; conducted by 
 Burkard till his death, Mar., 1880 (in partnership lor several years with 
 Bruno Ritter, till Aug., 1878) ; continued by H. A. Burkard till Nov., 1881 
 (except May-Sept., 1881, by J. Bttrgler) ; then sold to Andrew Rummel 
 and Louis Bender, and styled Courier; conducted by them till June, 1883 ; 
 by Bender, one month ; suspended, July, 1883. Edited by J. G. Mohr, 
 1S82 — Apr, 18S:;. Democratic. 
 
 Succeeded, Nov., 1883, by Tier Landsmann; established by George 
 Schleyer, and conducted by him till Apr., 1886 (in partnership with Henry 
 Emmers, Nov., 1883 — Sept., 1885 ; with A. C. Lehmann, during last year) ; 
 since Apr., 1886, by Lehmann and Albert C. Robinson. Democratic. 
 
 Daily Data. 1882— Jan., 1883. F». 
 
 Founded Dec, 1881, by John H. Nevins ; issued daily till Dec, 1882; 
 then tri-weekly, one month ; J. M. Shea, assistant editor alter Sept., 1882 ; 
 suspended Jan., 1883. Succeeded, two weeks later, by Green Bay Ad- 
 vance (alterward styled Sunday Advance) ; edited by J. H. Nevins, and 
 
 published by Joseph Maurer and Pauley ; Nevins and W. J. Bates, 
 
 1885 ; suspended probably in Mar., 1885. 
 
 Wisconsin Democbat (w). 1836-40, scat. nos. Fb. 
 
 Successor (Aug., 1836) ol Intelligencer and Wis. Free Press, q. v. ; con- 
 ducted by H. O. and C. C. Sholes ; J. D. Doty, M. L. Martin, ' A. G. Ellis, 
 J. V. Suydam, occasional contributors ; late In 1836 came into posses- 
 sion ot C. C. Sholes, who conducted It till spring ol 1840, then removed It 
 to Southpovt (now Kenosha, q. v.). With Free Press. 
 
 "Wisconsin Free Press (w). Oct. 2, 1835. Jan. — Mar., 1836, 8 nos. F". 
 Established Aug., 1835 ; William Stevenson, publisher ; Joseph Dickinson, 
 editor ; continued till summer ol 1836 ; united with Green Bay Intelli- 
 gencer, q. v., Aug., 1836, to lorm Wisconsin Democrat, q. v. 
 
 Green Bay Gazette (w; s-w). Mar., 1866-69. Ft. 1870-85. 5 v. Fs. 
 
 1886-1909. 16 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1866, by George Ginty and Dwight I. Follett ; conducted 
 by them six months ; Ginty, Sept., 1866 — Apr., 1868 (in partnership with 
 William B. Tapley during last lour months) ; Tapley & Follett, May, 1868 
 — Dec, 1869; Follett, until his death, June, 1888 (in partnership with 
 George E. Hoskinson, 1870 — Oct., 1883) ; Mrs. Rosamond Follett, six years, 
 till purchased, July, 1894, by Walter E. Gardner, who Incorporated 
 Gazette Pub. Co. Edited by Gardner till Jan., 1899 ; since then by N. C. 
 Pickard. Daily edition has been Issued since Oct., 1871. Styled State 
 Gazette, Aug., 1870 — July, 1894. D. W. Ballou, assistant editor, 1852-54 ; 
 George Hoskinson, chiel editor, 1870-75 ; succeeded by J. S. Curtis. Con- 
 tains series ol articles, "Early Outposts ol Wisconsin," Jan., 1873 ; "Remin- 
 iscences ol Mackinac and Green Bay," by Mrs. Elizabeth T. Baird, Dec. 4, 
 1886— Nov. 19, 1887. Republican. 
 
 State Gazette (d). June 3, 1871; Apr. 16, 1872; Mar. 1, 1876. Nov., 
 1871— Mar., 1872. Fo. 
 
 Green Bay Globe (w). May, 1877-81. Fo. 1882— Aug., 1883. F«. 
 
 Established Feb., 1875, by Mather D. Kimball, and conducted by him till 
 Its suspension, Aug., 1883 (In partnership with Root, 1875). 
 
 [335] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Geebn Bat, Wis., continued: 
 
 Green Bay Intelligences (irreg.; w, Aug., 1835). Dec., 1833 — Mar, 
 1836; Apr. 13, May 11, June 1, 1836. F«. 
 
 First paper in Territory of Wisconsin ; founded Dec, 1833, by John V.' 
 Suydam and Albert G. Ellis ; after a few numbers, conducted by Ellis alone 
 till June 1, 1835; by Ellis and C. C. P. Arndt till (probably) June, 1836; 
 then suspended. United with Wis. Free Press, q. v., to form Wis. Demo- 
 crat, q. v., Aug., 1836. Intelligencer was issued at varying intervals ; vol. 
 i, of 26 numbers, covers Dec, 1833 — Sept., 1835. Democratic. 
 
 Phoenix. Vol. 1, No. 8. Oct. 8, 1841. 
 
 Bay City Press (w). Sept., 1860— July, 1861. Ft. 
 
 Established June, 1860, by John D. Lawe and Porter Jones ; B. J. Brown, 
 editor. Two months later, sold to W. J. Green, and continued by him, 
 with Lawe as publisher, till its suspension, Apr., 1862 ; edited by Harry 
 E. Eastman, Aug., 1860-61. Eepublican. 
 
 Green Bay Republican (w). Sept. 10, 1842; Jan. 28, Aug. 26, 1843; 
 Oct., 1843— Nov., 1844. F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1841, by an association of citizens, with Henry O. Sholes 
 as publisher, he later becoming owner ; edited by C. C. P. Arndt till his 
 death, Feb., 1842 ; H. S. Baird, till 1843 ; then by Samuel Ryan Jr., who 
 obtained control of it Nov., 1844, and styled it Wisconsin Republican; re- 
 moved to Fond du Lac, q. v., Dec, 1847. Non-partisan till 1844 ; then 
 supported Clay's candidacy. 
 
 Wisconsin Republican (w). 1845, 3 nos.; Feb. 8, 1847. 
 See Green Bay Republican. 
 
 Green Bay Review (w). 1896-1909. 7 v. Fa. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1876 by James Kerr, and since conducted by him and his son. 
 See also Fort Howard Review. 
 
 Green Bay Spectator (w). Feb. 21, Apr. 24, 1852. 
 
 Established July, 1851, by Samuel Ryan Jr., who returned hither from 
 Fond du Lac ; A. E. Cooley became a partner in following Oct. ; continued 
 \ till Dec, 1852, then paper suspended. Whig. 
 
 Wisconsin Staats Zeituno (w). Jan. — Apr., 1874, 7 nos. F?. 
 
 Founded July, 1868, by Fred Burkard ; conducted by him (in partnership 
 with George Schauer in 1868) till Apr., 1875 ; then sold to a stock com- 
 pany, and styled Volks-Zeitung ; B. G. Grunnert, editor; sold to J. H. 
 Schuette & Son, Feb., 1876; conducted by them till Oct., 1877; Henry 
 Schuette, till Feb., 1878; then suspended. Revived by H. J. Lohmar, 
 June. 1879, as Green Hay Zeitung; suspended, probably in following Nov. 
 Democratic. File bound with Manitowoc Nord-Westen, 1874-75. 
 
 Wisconsin Staats-Zeitung (w). July, 1874 — July, 1875. F«. 
 
 Second paper of this name ; established July, 1874, by Valentine Burk- 
 ard ; a few weeks later, merged in Concordia, q. v. File bound with 
 Manitowoc Nord-Westen, 1874-75. 
 
 [336] 
 
w 
 
 isconsm 
 
 Greenwood 
 
 Greenwood Gleaner (w). Feb., 1900-1909. 5 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Feb., 1900, by J. E. Noyes, and conducted by him till July, 
 1908 ; since then by H. E. Hartson. Republican. 
 
 Hammond 
 
 Hammond Independent (w). July, 1875 — Oct., 1877 (except Dec, 
 1876). F«. 
 
 Established by stock company, July, 1875 ; Samuel Beal, editor ; con- 
 ducted by him till Dec. following; John McMahon, Dec, 1875 — Oct., 1877 
 (in partnership with James Ross, two months; with W. S. Lauder, after 
 Jan., 1876) ; purchased from stockholders by McMahon and Lauder, early 
 in 1876; suspended Oct., 1877. The first number contains historical 
 sketch of town of Hammond. In Feb., 1876, absorbed St. Croitc Reformer 
 (established at Baldwin in Jan., 1876, by W. S. Lauder). Independent, 
 till Feb., 1876 ; after that, supported People's Reform party. 
 
 Hammond Independent (w). Dec, 1875. F«. 
 
 Published a few weeks by Samuel Beal, from office of Baldwin Bulletin, 
 as the result of a quarrel between him and the stockholders of the first 
 Independent. 
 
 Superintendent (m). Vols. 3-7. Feb., 1896 — June, 1900. 2 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1893. Published by Hammond Pub. Co. and edited by Frank 
 W. Bixby from 1896 till suspension in June, 1900. Devoted to educa- 
 tional interests. 
 
 Hancock 
 
 Hancock News (w). Dec, 1897+ Fs. 
 
 Founded 1894. Published by Dunn & Ferguson, 1895 ; Ferguson & Ro- 
 zell, 1897-98; News Pub. Co., W. H. Fields, editor, 1898; since then by 
 Roy L. Thompson. Republican. 
 
 Hartford 
 
 Home League (w). Vols. 1-4. Aug., 1860— Mar., 1864. F». 
 Conducted by A. M. Thomson. Suspended, Mar. 5, 1864. 
 
 Hartford Press (w; s-w). 1883-87. F«. 1888-1901. 5 v. Ft. 1902- 
 1909. 5 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Successor of Washington Co. Republican, q. v. ; published by J. M. Le- 
 Count (in partnership with H. K. Butterfield, 1883-86 ; since Jan., 1889, 
 with his son, F. M. Le Count) ; F. M. and F. L. Le Count, Dec, 1898- 
 1903 ; since' tbm by F. L. and Sadie E. Le Count ; edited by the latter. 
 Republican. File for 1883 bound with Republican. 
 
 Washington County Republican (w). 1878-82. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1872, at West Bend, by S. S. Barney ; became property 
 of William George about Dec, 1873 ; removed hither July, 1876 ; conducted 
 by George till Jan., 1883 ; then sold to J. M. Le Count and H. K. Butter- 
 field, and styled Hartford Press, q. v. 
 
 22— N. C. 
 
 [337] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Hartland 
 
 Hartland News. 
 
 See News and Dairyman. 
 
 News and Dairyman (w). Jan. — Sept., 1895. F«. 
 
 Established about Dec, 1893 ; conducted by H. W. Goodwin till Sept., 
 1895 ; then sold to G. F. Ramsey ; conducted by him till 1898, then sold to 
 G. W. Schevantes and Miss Mabel Hansen. Since 1905 owned and edited 
 by the latter. Styled Hartland News since 1897. Devoted to agricultural 
 and dairy interests of Waukesha County. 
 
 Hayward 
 
 Hayward Jotjbnal-News (w). 1891-1894. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Journal established Oct., 1889, by E. J. Scott; absorbed North Wiscon- 
 sin News May, 1890, and styled Journal-News; conducted by Scott and 
 Theo. Bunker, till .Tune, 1894; H. C. Plagg (Scott remaining the owner), 
 one year ; sold to Ed. L. Peet, June, 1895 ; office removed to Grantsburg, 
 and subscription list merged in New Richmond Voice (founded Mar., 1886, 
 by E. P. Huntington). In 1891, absorbed The Bustler. Republican. 
 
 North Wisconsin News (w). July, 1883-1885. Ft. 1886-88. F«. 
 1889-90. F?. 
 
 Removed hither from Clear Lake, q. v., June, 1883 ; conducted by E. 0. 
 Johnson till May, 1890 ; then merged in Bayward Journal. Republican ", 
 also advocated local prohibition. 
 
 HiHsboro 
 
 Hillsboro Sentry (w). Mar., 1895 — Mar., 1900. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Established Feb., 1885, by C. W. T. Heath, and conducted by him till 
 1891; C. H. Dunn, 1891— July, 1896; W. W. Shear, July, 1896— Aug., 
 1899, M. V. Frazier, Aug., 1899—1901 ; later (1902 or 1903) merged with 
 Enterprise, as Sentry-Enterprise, published by W. O. Shear. 
 
 Horicon 
 
 Horicon Argus (w). Sept., 1854— Nov., 1860. 2 v. F». 
 
 Founded Sept., 1854, by W. E. Croft and W. H. Butterfleld; conducted 
 by them till Aug., 1856; John P. Hobart, eight months; Mark M. Pome- 
 roy, Apr., 1857 — Dec, 1858 ; B. W. Curtis, two years (C. D. Davis, editor 
 during first three months; A. J. Rising, one year; J. C. Bunner, July— 
 Nov., 1860). Removed to Beaver Dam, Nov., 1860; there united with En- 
 celsior, and continued as Beaver Dam Argus, q. v. Democratic (anti- 
 slavery, under Croft). 
 
 Horicon Gazette (w). 1861. Jan. 1, 1862. F». 
 
 Removed hither from Burlington, q. v., Feb., 1861 ; conducted by Henry 
 W. and Alta C. Phelps, one year ; removed to Berlin, and merged in Qreen 
 Lake Spectator, Feb., 1862. Republican. File bound with Eoricon Argus, 
 Jan. — Nov., 1860. 
 
 [338] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Hudson 
 
 Chronicle (w). May 7, 1859. 
 
 Published by John S. Beal. 
 
 Hudson Democrat (w). 1872-74. Ft. 
 
 Established Oct., 1868, by O. F. Jones and C. D. Sibley ; after Jan., 1869, 
 conducted by Jones alone till Dec, 1874 ; then merged in True Republican, 
 q. v. 
 
 Hudson Journal (w). Sept. 8, 15, 1853. 
 
 Established by D. B. Shaver, 1853 ; afterwards purchased by James 
 Hughes and styled St. Croix Republican; destroyed by fire, 1854. Revived 
 in Aug. as Hudson Republican, and published by Hughes about eight 
 months ; then suspended. At first, Democratic ; under Hughes, Whig. 
 
 North Star (w). Nov., 1854-55. F«. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1854, by E. B. Otis and Otis Hoyt ; conducted by them 
 six months ; suspended June, 1855. Revived in Sept. following, by Hoyt ; 
 edited by TJ. B. Shaver several months ; Edward Thwing, till Nov., 1856 ; 
 Allan Dawson, Jan.— Apr., 1857 ; then suspended ; again revived by Hoyt, 
 in July, and edited two months by J. D. Reymert ; sold by Hoyt to S. A. 
 Clewell and J. S. Elwell, Sept., 1857 ; conducted by them till Aug., 1860 ; 
 Elwell and Sidney S. Starr, about two years. Clewell then bought Starr's 
 interest, and soon after Elwell's ; and conducted the paper (I. N. Van 
 Slyke, editor, after Oct., 1862) till Sept., 1864 ; then united with City 
 Times, under title Star and Times, q. v. Democratic. 
 
 True Republican (w). 1872-74. F«. 1875— Mar., 1886. 4 v. Ft. 
 Apr., 1886-87. F«. 1888-1908. 8 v. Ft. 1909 + 
 
 Founded Nov., 1871, under auspices of Republican Central County Com- 
 mittee ; conducted by David C. and Marcus A. Fulton, three years (in 
 partnership with George L. Sharretts, after Mar., 1872) ; Sharretts, Dec, 
 1874 — Dec, 1878 (with John E. Glover, Jan., 1875 — Feb., 1876 ; after that 
 time, with George D. Cline) ; since Dec, 1878, by Cline (with James Cogs- 
 well, until Nov., 1S87). 
 
 Star-Observer (w). Feb., 1909+ Fe. 
 See Star and Times. 
 
 Hudson Star and Times (s-w; w). May, 1866-87. 7 v. Ft. 1888-98. 
 
 4 v. F8. 1899— Feb., 1909. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Successor (Sept., 1864) of North Star, q. v., and Hudson Times; pub- 
 lished by S. A. Clewell and Horace A. Taylor, till Nov., 1878 ; Taylor 
 
 (with Byron J. Price, after Jan., 18791, ten years; Price alone, Jan., 1889 
 — Feb.. 1905. Then bought by W. E. Webster and Spencer Haven (Star- 
 Times Co.) and changed from semi-weekly to weekly. In Feb., 1909, 
 merged with St. Croix Observer as Star-Observer (q. v.) ; bought of Star 
 Observer Co., Sept., 1910, by A. E. Roese, the present owner. Contains 
 series of descriptive articles on St. Croix Valley, about Jan., 1868 (re- 
 printed in Prescott Journal, Feb. — Mar., 1868) ; also historical account of 
 Hudson newspapers, in issue of Jan. 9, 1867. Republican. 
 
 Hudson Times originally established Aug., 1856, by James Hughes, as a 
 Whig campaign paper, under title of Shield and Banner; soon afterward, 
 styled Pathfinder; succeeded, Dec, 1856, by Hudson Chronicle, published 
 by J S. Beal and Wilson, and edited by T. Dwight Hall; sold by 
 
 [ 339 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Hudson, Wis., continued: 
 
 T. D. and C. L. Hall to Beal, Dec, 1858, and continued by him till July, 
 1860; edited by Frank Daggett till Mar., 1859; I. N. Van Slyke, May, 
 1859 — Feb., 1860; James Densmore, four months. Sold to H. A. Taylor, 
 July, 1860, and styled Hudson City Times; conducted by him till Sept., 
 1864 (in partnership with T-. S. Seymour, Sept., 1860 — Dec, 1863) ; then 
 united with North Star; edited by Moses S. Gibson during last two 
 months. Republican . 
 
 Hurley 
 
 Iron County Citizen (w). Vol. 1. 1905. 3 nos. 
 
 Montreal River Miner (w). Oct., 1885-1909. 12 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1885, by D. C. Gowdy and S. D. Goodell ; published by 
 them till Oct., 1893 ; Goodell and Ida A. Paddock, till 1897 ; F. B. Hand, 
 1897— Jan., 1909 ; since then by Martin Vickers. Edited by S. D. Goodell 
 till 1897. Absorbed Gogebic Iron Tribune, q. v., Dec, 1893 ; Iron County 
 Republican, Sept., 1903 ; Iron County Citizen, Apr., 1910. Democratic. 
 
 La Nostra Terra. Vol. 1, No. 1. Jan. 23, 1904. 
 
 Founded 1904 by Frank Marta, and since conducted by him. First 
 Italian newspaper in Wisconsin. File bound with Wis. Labor 1 Papers. 
 
 Northland-Bethany Record (bi-m). Oct., 1903 — June, 1904. Q. 
 Published earlier at Mellen, q. v. 
 
 Iron County Republican (w). June, 1894 — Oct., 1903. 5 v. P«. 
 
 Founded 1894 by Iron County Pub. Co. Published by them and edited 
 by Wilbur M. Bridgman till 1896. Then owned and edited by Bridgman 
 till 1900; Bridgman & Strandberg, 1901; Strandberg, 1902— Aug., 1903; 
 then bought by F. B. Hand of Montreal River Miner, and conducted by 
 him till Oct., when combined with Miner, q. v. 
 
 Gogebic Iron Tribune (w). May, 1886-93. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Established May, 1886, by F. B. Hand ; continued by him till Dec, 1893, 
 then merged in Montreal River Miner. Volume for 1886-87 contains his- 
 torical and descriptive articles on Gogebic iron range. Republican. 
 
 Independence 
 
 International Good Templar (m). Jan., 1906 — Jan., 1909. O. 
 
 See same title under Milwaukee. 
 
 Independence Weekly News. Mar., 1878— Oct., 1879. F «. 
 
 Established Mar., 1878, by Geo. E. Gilkey; sold by him to W. R. Alli- 
 son, Dec, 1879 ; conducted by Allison till Apr., 1880 ; H. I. Turnbull, four 
 months; J. R. and W. P. Faulds (at intervals, alone or in partnership), 
 Aug., 1880-88 ; George A. Markham, 1889 — Apr., 1892, when it was united 
 with Independence Wave, q. v. ; since then, styled News-Wave, and con- 
 ducted by Oeorge A. and Ada R. Markham till the former's death in July, 
 1909 ; since then, the latter. Absorbed Blair Bulletin, Apr., 1879 ; during 
 following year, styled Weekly News-Bulletin. Independent. File bound 
 with (Medford) Taylor Co. News, 1878-79. 
 
 [340] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Independence News-Wave (w). 1892-1909. 9 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Devoted to local news, and advocacy of temperance. See News and 
 "Wave. 
 
 Independence Wave. (w). 1889-91. F«. 
 
 Established about May, 18S8 ; owned by A. A. Mclntyre and edited by 
 George A. Markham. In Mar., 1889, absorbed Eau Claire Progress 
 
 (founded Oct., 1887, by Baehinan and Ole B. Olson) ; a few weeks 
 
 later, became property of Markbam ; since then, conducted by him (as- 
 sisted by C. G. Simpson, Apr., 1889 — Apr., 1891 ; by O. G. Briggs, till Jan., 
 1892; since then, by Ada R. Markham). United with Hews, q. v., Apr., 
 1892. Prohibitionist. 
 
 Janesville 
 
 Northwestern Advance (w). Mar. — June, 1867. Fe. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1807, by an association, as official organ of Good Temp- 
 lars ; edited by .1. M. May till Dec, 18G9 (assisted by H. N. Comstock, Dec, 
 1867 — June, 1868: by J. S. Bliss, six months; John Hicks and C. D. Pills- 
 bury, during 1869). Removed to Milwaukee Jan., 1869; sold by May to 
 Starr & Son, Jan., 1870 ; continued by them, with Pillsbury as editor ; sus- 
 pended, June, 1871. 
 
 Commercial Union (w). Mar. — Dec, 1884. F. Jan.— Sept., 1885, Q. 
 
 Established Mar., 1884, by W. B. and E. A. Cushman ; conducted by 
 them till Mar., 1S85 (in partnership with Peter J. Mouat after July, 
 1884) ; P. J. Mouat & Co., three months ; then T. J. Cairns & Co. In 1886 
 issued monthly, by White & Derrick. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Janesville Democrat (w). Sept. — Dec, 1860. F«. 
 
 Founded (d and w) Sept., 1860, by W. H. Bristol and J. C. Mann ; in 
 Nov. following, Mann purchased Bristol's interest, and established Rock 
 Co. Republican, q. v., as successor of Democrat; in June, 1861, Joseph 
 Baker became Mann's partner ; probably suspended by end of year. File 
 bound with Rock County Papers, 1860-70. 
 
 Wisconsin Dbuggist's Exchange (m). Vols. 1-2. 1892-93. F*. 1894- 
 May, 1902. 2 v. 
 
 Published and edited by E. B. Heimstreet, secretary of Wis. Pharma- 
 ceutical Assn. in interest of Wisconsin druggists, and as official organ of 
 association ; illustrated. Removed May, 1902, to Minneapolis, and there 
 published by Chapin Pub. Co. 
 
 Wisconsin Educational Journal (m). Vol. 1, 1855. Fb. 
 
 Established Jan., 1855, by G. S. Dodge and James Sutherland ; Julia A. 
 Vlers, assistant editor. Suspended Dec, 1855 ; two months later, removed 
 to Racine, q. v., and styled Wis. Journal of Education, q. v. 
 
 Wisconsin and Iowa Farmer, and Northwestern Cultivator (m). Vols. 
 4-6. 1852-54. Indexed. 3 v. O. 
 
 Removed hither from Racine, q. v. ; edited by Mark Miller and S. P. 
 Lathrop till death of latter. Jan., 1855 ; then removed to Madison, q. v., 
 and conducted by Miller and J. C. Brayton. 
 
 [341] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Janesvlle, Wis., continued: ( 
 
 Janesville Free Press (w). 1854— Mar., 1857. Ft. 
 
 — Same (d . Apr., 1856 — Mar., 1857. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established Jan., 1853, by joint-stock association of Free Democrats, 
 with Joseph Baker as editor ; purchased in Oct. following, by Baker and 
 William M. Doty, and conducted by them till June, 1855 ; sold by Baker 
 in following Nov., to G. B. Burnett, Andrew J. Hall, and B. C. Sackett; 
 Burnett absconded in May, 1856, and Thomas F. Withrow (associate editor 
 after 1853) conducted the paper with Sackett as owner, till Mar. 1857; 
 then merged, in Gazette, q. v. Daily issued, Feb., 1855 — Mar., 1857. 
 
 Janesville Gazette (w). 1847-49 (incomp.). Dec, 1849 — Feb., 1857; 
 May 8, 1858; 1864. 8 v. P'. Jan. — June, 1865; July— Dee., 
 1866; 1869. 3 v. F«, 
 
 First and oldest paper in Bock County ; established Aug., 1845, by Levi 
 Alden and E. O. Stoddard; conducted by Alden (with various partners), 
 three years ; Alden and Charles Holt, Nov., 1848 — Mar., 1855 ; continued 
 by Holt till Dec, 1863 (in partnership with Hiram Bowen, Feb.. 1857 — 
 Jan., 1862 ; and with Daniel Wilcox, after Aug., 1859) ; A. M. Thomson 
 and W. G. Roberts, Jan , 1864— June, 1870 ; James Bintliff and R. L. 
 Colvin, July, 1870 — Dec, 1877 ; then purchased by Isaac Farnsworth and 
 Colvin, who sold it in 1883 to Gazette Ptg. Co., H. T. Bliss, president; 
 edited by Nicholas Smith, 1878— June, 1890; J. C. Wilmarth, 1890-95; 
 B. F. Nowlan, 1895-1901; since then by H. F. Bliss. Among assistant 
 editors : Dayid Atwood, through political campaign of 1848 ; W. S. Bowen, 
 July, 1870 — Mar., 3 874 ; Helen M. Bingham, Aug., 1870-71 ; Howard W^ 
 Tilton, Jan. 1878-1888; J. C. Wilmarth, 1888-90; Burton F. Nowlan, 
 1890-1901 ; David Atwood (grandson of David I.), 1902-1910. Daily 
 published July — Oct., 1854, also since Mar., 1857 ; semi-weekly established 
 Jan., 1864 (changed to tri-weekly during 1867) ; evening paper since 
 1883. Absorbed Free Press, q. v., Mar., 1857 ; was then styled Gazette 
 and Free Press till Jan., 1864. Whig, at first ; later, Republican. 
 
 Janesville Daily Gazette. July— Oct., 1854. F6. Mar., 1857— June, 
 1867. 21 v. Fe. July, 1867— June, 1869. 4 v. F*. July, 1869^ 
 Nov., 1883. 29 v. F». Dec, 1883— Dec, 1893. 20 v. Ft. 1894- 
 1910. 52 v. F6. 19,11+ 
 
 Published continuously since Mar., 1857 ; styled Daily Morning Gazette, 
 1857-58. 
 
 IiAMPLIGHTEK (m). 1895. Q. 
 
 Established Jan., 1888, as organ of Janesville district of M. E. church; 
 edited by the presiding elder, P. W. Peterson. Removed to Milwaukee, 
 Jan., 1890, and published there till suspension, Dec, 1900. File for 1895- 
 1898 bound with Janesville file. 
 
 Janesville Daily Recorder. July, 1879 — Apr., 1887. 16 v. F«. Jan., 
 1892; May, 1893. 
 Established Mar., 1878, as daily edition of Rock Co. Recorder, q. v. 
 
 Rock County Recorder (w). Jan. — Aug., 1870; 1874-85. 4 v. F*. 
 
 Successor (Sept., 1869) of Sun, an advertising sheet founded by Garrett 
 Veeder and S. S. St. John, Sept., 1869 ; conducted by them till July, 1872 
 
 [342] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 (with C. W. MeHenry as editor, Sept. — Nov., 1869) ; Veeder alone, one 
 year ; Veeder and W. H. Leonard, July, 1873 — Dec., 1881 ; published there- 
 after by Recorder Ptg. Co., Veeder being president. Absorbed City Timet 
 in Apr., 1886, and was styled Recorder and Times, q. v. Daily established 
 Mar., 1878. Styled Janesville Recorder after 1882. Independent at 
 first ; later, Republican. File for 1870 bound with Be'oit Journal and 
 Courier, 1864-65. 
 
 Recobdeb and Times (w). 1886 — May, 1893. 3 v. Ft. May, 1893- 
 
 1908. 8 v. F 6. 1909+ 
 
 Successor of City Times and Weekly Recorder, q. v. Recorder Ptg. Co. 
 reorganized Nov., 1885, in consequence of purchase of its stock by leading 
 Democrats of Janesville, the political tone of the paper being changed ac- 
 cordingly ; edited by Joseph B. Doe till the following April, when Janes- 
 ville City Times was absorbed, its editor, A. O. Wilson, becoming editor of 
 Recorder and Times; he continued till Dec, 1894; since then, edited by 
 Peter J. Mouat. Democratic. 
 
 Rock Co. Republican (w). Dec, 1860— Sept., 1861. Ft. 
 
 Established by J. C. Mann, Nov., 1860, as successor of Democrat, q. v. ; 
 Horace R. Hobart was assistant editor in 1861. Bound with Weekly 
 Times, 1859. 
 
 SPIRITUALIST. 
 
 See same title, under Appleton. 
 
 Democratic Standard (w). Oct., 1851 — Oct., 1858. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Established Oct., 1851, by Geo W. Crabb and John Mitchell ; conducted 
 by them six months ; Mitchell alone, Apr., 1852 — May, 1853 ; then sold to 
 Daniel C. Brown, and owned by him till Nov., 1857 (in partnership with 
 Alexander T. Gray, one year ; with J. C. Bunner, May, 1854 — Feb., 1855 ; 
 with James Armstrong, Oct., 1855 — Nov., 1857) ; Armstrong, four months ; 
 Godfrey H. Bishop (with C. E. Wright as editor) , Mar. — Oct., 1858 ; then 
 suspended, except that an advertising sheet was issued a few times, to ful- 
 fill contracts. Issued daily Apr., 1856 — Mar., 1858. In Dec, 1851, ab- 
 sorbed Badger State. Democratic. 
 
 Badger State was established by George W. Crabb, Aug., 1846 as Rock 
 Co. Democrat; sold by Crabb to C. S. Jordan, Sept., 1848; suspended in 
 Nov. following. Revived a few weeks later by A. T. Gray, under title of 
 Free Soil Democrat; probably continued after Mar., 1849, as Rock Co. 
 Badger, by John A. Brown (in partnership with Gray, Apr. — Oct., 1850; 
 with Crabb, Nov., 1850-51) ; styled Badger State, probably late in 1850; 
 continued till Dec, 1851 ; then merged in Democratic Standard. Free- 
 Soil Democratic. 
 
 Janesville Weekly Sun. June, 1882— June, 1889. 3 v. F «. 
 
 Founded May, 1881, by J. H. Nicholson ; after one year, published by J. 
 B. and A. W. Silsbee, till Jan., 1886 ; thereafter J. B. Silsbee & Co., under 
 title Saturday Morning Sun; edited by J. B. Silsbee till his death, Mar., 
 1889. Independent. 
 
 Janesville City Times (w). 1873-75. Fs. 1876— Apr., 1886. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1869, as campaign sheet, by A. O. Wilson ; continued by 
 
 him till Mar., 1886 (in partnership with W. H. Tousley, May, 1877 — May, 
 
 1883) ; united with Recorder, q. v., Mar., 1886. Issued daily Oct., 1878 — 
 
 Nov., 1880. Democratic. 
 
 [343] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Janesville, Wis., continued: i j' 
 
 Janesville Weekly Times. 1859. P '. 
 
 Successor (Jan., 1859) of Democratic Standard, q. v. ; published by 
 Bishop & Wright till following July, then suspended. Revived in Oct. by 
 C. E. Wright and J. F. Erving ; continued till Dec. ; probably suspended 
 before 1860. Also issued daily. Democratic. 
 
 Jefferson 
 
 Jefferson Banneb (w). 1864-75. 4 v. F«. 1876-89. o v. Ft. 1890- 
 1909. 10 v. F 6. 1910-1- I 
 
 Established July, 1860, by John W. Blake, under title of Jefferson Co. I 
 Republican (second paper of that name) ; succeeded by J. E. Atwater and 
 George W. Peck (probably early in 1861) ; Robert Tompkins was Peck's 
 partner, Sept., 1861— Sept., 1862 ; sold to Gerrit T. Thorn and W. H. Tous- 
 ley, Sept.. 1863, and styled Jefferson Banner ; conducted by them nearly 
 four years; Tousley alone, May, 1867 — May, 1873 (except Nov., 1872 — 
 Feb., 1873, by M. G. Tousley) ; Alden Sanborn, May, 1873 — Nov., 1878 (la 
 partnership with G. W. Bird, till May, 1878 ; then with I. T. Carr) ; Carr, 
 six years ; since 1884, O. F. Roessler, German-English edition issued since 
 1891. Published, commencing Feb., 1895, series of articles on "Jefferson 
 County history ; gleaned from old newspaper flies and from old settlers." 
 Republican till Sept., 1863 ; since then Democratic. 
 
 Student's Experiment (bi-m). Nov., 1867 — Jan., 1868. F. 
 
 Established Nov., 1867, by members of Adelphi Society of Jefferson Lib- 
 eral Institute ; George W. Cooke, chief editor. Styled Institute (s-m) in 
 Sept., 1868. 
 
 Tariff Reform Advocate (m). Feb. — Dec, 1888. W>. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1888 ; published by Jefferson Tariff Reform Club ; edited 
 by R. B. Kirkland ; printed in German and English. Democratic campaign 
 paper. File bound with Jefferson Banner, 1888-89. 
 
 Jenny- 
 Lincoln County Advocate (w). 1875-81. P«. 
 
 See same title under Merrill. The name of this town was changed 
 from Jenny to Merrill, in 1881. 
 
 Jnda 
 
 Juda Home News (w). July — Nov., 1907. F<>. 
 AH published. 
 
 latest News (w) . Feb., 1879— Sept., 1884. 2 v. F *. 
 
 Established July, 1877, as Judean, by Judean Pub. Co. i after Mar., 
 1878, styled Latest mews, and conducted by J. B. Stair and H. C. Wlt- 
 mer till July, 1879 ; thereafter, Witmer alone ; suspended Sept., 1884. 
 Republican. 
 
 Juneau 
 
 Btjee Oak (w). Oct., 1853-54. F«. 
 
 Successor of Dodge Co. Gazette, q. v. ; published by Charles Billingmirst ; 
 suspended Dec, 1854. Democratic. File bound with Watertown Regis- 
 ter, 1853-54. 
 
 [344] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Dodge County Democrat (w). 1876— Feb., 1879. Ft. 
 
 Established in 1869 by B. B. Bolens ; conducted by him till Oct., 1874 ; 
 Frank Lowth, Sept., 1874— Feb., 1879 (owned by him, after 1876) ; then 
 merged in Telephone, q. v. 
 
 Dodge County Gazette (w). June, 1852 — Sept., 1853. P«. 
 
 First paper in Juneau ; established at Dodge Centre May, 1852, by 
 Robert B. Wentwortb ; sold to Charles Billinghurst, Sept., 1853, and 
 succeeded by Burr Oak, q. v. Whig. 
 
 Wisconsin Granger (w). June 6, July 11, Aug. 8, 1874. 
 
 Independent (w). June, 1899 — 1909. 5 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1893 by Clifford Bros., and since conducted by them. Demo- 
 cratic. 
 
 Juneau Telephone (w). Feb., 1879— Oct., 1880. F«. Nov., 1880— Apr., 
 1909. 10 v. Ft. May, 1909 + 
 
 Removed hither from Mayville, q. v., Feb., 1879 (at which time It ab- 
 sorbed Dodge Co. Democrat) ; conducted by C. A. Pettibone till July, 1886 
 (as owner till Jan., 1885) ; since then, by John Kelley (with M. J. 
 Puetz since Apr., 1907). Democratic. 
 
 Whig of Seventy-Six (w). Feb. — Sept., 1863. F«. 
 See same title under Beaver Dam. 
 
 Kaukauna 
 
 Citizen (w). 1904 — 1905, scat. nos. Q. 
 
 Kaukauna Sun (w). Dec. 15, 1886. July, 1888-1910. 11 v. F«. 1911+ 
 Established by H. D. Wing, July, 1885; conducted by him till May, 
 1894 (in partnership with Lewis A. Cates during first year) ; James I. 
 Toner till July, 1908 ; since then by E. T. O'Brien. O. E. Wells was edi- 
 torial writer, 1889 — Sept., 1890. Democratic. 
 
 Kaukauna Times (w). Nov., 1889-93. 2 v. P«. 1894— Apr., 1895. 
 F7. May, 1895-1902. 4 v. F«. 1903-1909. 3 v. F*. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Sept., 1880, by H. Hopkins and L. B. Cates; after Hopkins's 
 death (May, 1881) sold to H. A. Stone, and conducted by him nearly a 
 year; E. C. Bidwell, 1882 till his death, 1887 (with C. E. Raught, after 
 1884) ; since then Raught. Issued daily edition, July— Dec, 1887. Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Kaukauna Eeitcng (w). Mar., 1894 — Oct., 1896. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1894, by Charles G. F. Brenner. Absorbed (1895) by 
 Appleton Volksjreund, q. v. Independent. 
 
 Kennan 
 
 Kennan Banner (m). Vol. 1. Aug., 1890— Apr., 1891. Q. 
 
 Edited and published by W. W. Yarham till his death, Apr., 1891 ; 
 then suspended. 
 
 [345] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Kenosha 
 
 [See also Southport] 
 
 Kenosha Courier (w). Dec, 1880 — Jan., 1884. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Established Oct., 1879, by Ben. A. Cole and George W. Warvelle, as 
 Kenosha Democrat, q. v. ; styled Courier after Nov., 1880. W. B. Martin- 
 dale purchased Warvelle's interest in May, 1882 ; conducted by him (in 
 partnership with Cole, nine months ; with E. S. Cook, Feb., 1883-85) 
 till Sept.,"l887; Levi A. Cass, Sept., 1887 — Oct., 1888; then united with 
 Telegraph, q. v. Democratic, till Dec, 1880 ; Independent, till May, 1882 ; 
 thereafter Republican. 
 
 Kenosha Democrat (w). June, 1851 — June, 1852; Mar., 1853 — Jan., 
 1854; Mar., 1854— Nov., 1856. 3 v. P«. Not. 4, 1859. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1850, by James T. Hildreth; suspended Jan., 1851. Re- 
 vived in "following June by George H. Paul ; conducted by him till May, 
 1854 (Volney C. French, associate editor after Aug., 1852) ; then sold to 
 John M. Coe, and conducted by him two years ; by Thomas H. Hodder, 
 Apr., 1856, till suspension in following Dec. (in partnership with John M. 
 Strong, Apr. — May). 
 
 Kenosha Democrat (s-w). July, 1852 — Feb., 1853. Fs. 
 
 Published by George H. Paul ; Volney C. French, associate editor after 
 Aug., 1852. See Democrat, 1851-56, note. 
 
 Kenosha Democrat (w). Sept/ — Dec, 1859. Fs. 
 
 Established Sept., 1859, by S. Cadwallader; volume numbered in con- 
 tinuation of those in 1851-56; suspended Aug., 1861. File bound with 
 Democrat, 1854-56. 
 
 Kenosha Democrat (w). Oct., 1879 — Nov., 1880. F5. 
 File bound with Courier, q. v., 1881-82. 
 
 Evening News (d). 1895—1910. 53 v. Fe. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1894, by F. H. Hall, publisher of Telegraph-Courier, 
 q. v. ; G. W. Johnston, local editor. Sold to E. E. Head, Oct., 1896, and 
 since conducted by him (with G. P. Hewitt, Nov., 1897 — Sept., 1901 ; 
 since then with S. S. Simmons). Independent. 
 
 Kenosha Telegraph (w). Apr., 1850 — July, 1852; 1855-68. 8 v. F>. 
 1869— July, 1880. 5 v. F<s. Aug., 1880— Sept., 1888. 3 v. F?. 
 Oct., 1888— Nov., 1891. 2 v. F 6. 
 
 First paper in Kenosha County ; removed hither from Green Bay, 
 where it was started in 1837 as Wisconsin Democrat. Issued June, 1839, 
 under title of Southport Telegraph, by C. L. Sholes and Michael Frank; 
 conducted by them till July, 1845 ; owned by Sholes till June, 1842, then 
 by Frank (in partnership with C. C. Sholes, June — July, 1842). Con- 
 ducted by Loring Guild, July, 1845 — June, 1847 (in partnership with John 
 A. Butts, during first three months) ; C. L. Sholes, July, 1847 — Feb., 1851 
 (in partnership with Charles Clement after June, 1849) ; Clement (owner, 
 Dec, 1849 — Dec, 1852), till Dec, 1852; C. L. Sholes, two years (In 
 partnership with Frank, during 1853 ; with James Densmore, 1854). 
 Consolidated with second Tribune, q. v., Dec. 1854 ; conducted by Sholes, 
 Schoff & Butts, Jan., 1855-Apr., 1857 ; by the last two, ten months ; Butts 
 
 [346] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 & Frank, Mar.— Sept., 1858 ; William T. and Leander Stone, nine months : 
 Leander Stone, S. C. Winegar, and D. C. McVean, June, 1859 — Oct., 
 18(50; Schoff and Winegar, Oct., 1860— Aug., 1862; S. S. and Homer F. 
 Schoff, fire years ; M. Frank, Aug., 1867— Oct., 1868 (in partnership with 
 C. C. Sholes till Mar., 1S68 ; with Hays McKinley, during last five 
 months) ; McKinley, Oct., 1868, till his death, Jan., 1880 ; John A. Killeen, 
 Apr., 1 880 — Oct., 1888 ; then united with Courier, q. v., and continued by 
 Levi A. Cass, ti'" Aug., 1891; F. II. Hall till Oct., 1896; since then by 
 E. R. Head and S. S. Simmons. Edited by Hosea Barnes, 1880-82 ; M. 
 Frank, 1882-90 Styled Kenosha Telegraph after Mar., 1850 ; ab- 
 sorbed first Trihune, q. v., Sept., 1853 ; was united as above with second 
 Tribune, Dec. 1854, and styled Tribune and Telegraph till June, 1859; 
 Kenosha Telegraph and Tribune, one year; Kenosha Telegraph, June, 1860 
 — Oct., 1888 ; then absorbed Courier, and has since been styled Telegraph- 
 Courier, q. v. Issued semi-weekly, Dec, 1847 — Mar., 1848 ; daily, Feb.— 
 Dec, 1854. Contains many historical articles and sketches ; among them : 
 "Sketches of Minnesota," July — Sept., 1851 ; "Account of Hopedale [Mass.] 
 Community," by Adin Ballou, Mar. 1 2, 1852 ; "Kenosha churches and 
 ministers," Aug. — Sept., 1861 ; biographies of business men and pioneers 
 of Kenosha, 18S7; "Historical record of first settlers in towns of Kenosha 
 County," Sept. 2, 1887. Advocated temperance ; was also a champion of 
 free public school system. Free Democratic, in earlier years ; since 1855, 
 Republican. 
 
 Temgraph-Cotjkiek (w). 1895— Apr., 1909. 7 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Same (d). 1854. F^. 
 
 See Telegraph, note ; also Evening Neivs. 
 
 Kenosha Times (w). July, 1857-59; 1861 — Jan., 1863. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded July, 1857, by D. C. McVean and Isaac D. George ; after three 
 months, George alone, till Apr., 1S59 ; J. A. Butts, May, 1859 — Feb., 
 1S62 (with McVean. Feb.— Apr., 1861) ; J. H. Harrison & Co., Mar.— 
 May. 1802 ; S. B. Taylor & Co.. till suspension, Feb., 1863. Edited by 
 S. S. Schoff, 1859-60; by J. H. Tracy, Nov., 1860— Feb., 1862; by J. 
 Bond, after Feb., 1862. Democratic, under George ; thereafter Republi- 
 can. 
 
 Kenosha Teibuxe (w). Apr. — Dec, 1854. Fe. 
 
 Established July, 1852, by J. A. Butts and [H. T.?] West; merged in 
 Telegraph, q. v., Sept.. 1853. Second paper of this name 1 , founded Oct., 
 1853, by Schoff & Butts ; united with Telegraph, Dec, 1854, and con- 
 tinued as Tribune and Telegraph. Whig. 
 
 Kenosha Uniox (w). 1874— May, 1878. 2 v. Ft. June, 1878— Apr., 
 1909. 7 v. F«. 
 
 Founded June, 1866, by Isaac W. Webster ; conducted by him till his 
 death, Aug., 1875 (in partnership with George Hutchinson, during first 
 year ; with C. P. Smith, several years ; with John H. Harrison, during 
 last year) ; since Oct., 1875, owned by John A. Killeen; edited by Volney 
 C. French, Aug., 1875-77 ; since then by Killeen. Democratic. 
 
 Kenosha Volksfkeund (w). Apr., 1893 — Oct., 1896. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1892, by Adolph Fischer; conducted by him till Sept., 
 1894; John Haug till 1895 or 1896; George G. Gold, till 1900: since 
 then, Lewis Ewe. Democratic. 
 
 [347] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Kewaunee 
 
 Kewaunee County Banner (w). Feb., 1906-1909. 2 v. Fa. 1910+ 
 
 Pounded 1887. Published by Lynch & Bruemmer, 1888 ; Bruemmer & 
 Haney, 2889-91 ; since then, Kewaunee Prtg. Co. Edited by William 
 Moeschler, 1890 ; L, H. Maring, 1891-93 ; Werner Hager, 1894-95 ; since 
 then, Otto J. Ahnert. Independent. 
 
 Kewaunee Enterprise (w). June, 1859 — Apr. 1863. P». 1875 — July, 
 1891. 7 v. Ft. Aug., 1891-1909. 9 v. P«. 1910+ 
 
 Established June, 1859, by Edward Decker ; conducted by him till Dec, 
 1868 (edited by D. D. Garland until Jan., 1863) ; John M. Bead, Jan., 
 1869, till his death, Mar., 1881 ; his widow, Caroline W. Bead, with 
 John M. Shea as editor, till June, 1882 ; then purchased by Decker ; 
 edited by Shea, two months ; H. W. Hamilton, four months ; sold by 
 Decker, Jan., 1883, to A. C. Voshardt, and conducted by hioi till hi» 
 death in 1901 ; since then by Enterprise Ptg. Co. (L. Albert Karel, Ed- 
 ward Decker and Geo. C. Garland, till Dec, 1902 ; Garland and Hamil- 
 ton F. Masse. Dec, 1902 — Dec, 1909 ; since then L. A. Karel and wife, 
 and Judge John C. Karel). Edited by Masse since 1902. Styled Ke- 
 waunee Co. Enterprise, Nov., 3 859-63. Independent Democratic. 
 
 KewaunskS Listt (w). Bohemian. 1892-1909. 9 v. Fs. 1910+ 
 
 Established Jan., 1892 ; edited by J. V. Lunak ; published by Bohemian 
 Ptg. Co., till March, 1905 ; since then owned and edited by Joseph H. 
 Zanda. 
 
 Kilbotirn 
 
 Kilbourn City Bulletin, v. 1, No. 1. Fall, 1863. 
 
 Kilbourn City Guard (w). Nov., 1876— Apr., 1879. P«. 
 
 Pounded by Wesley Moran, Nov., 1876, as successor of "Wisconsin 
 Mirror, q. v. ; conducted by him till suspension, Apr., 1879 (assisted by 
 Prank T. Burnham, Mar. — July, 1878). Eepublican. 
 
 Illustrated Events (w). June, 1905 — June, 1907. 2 v. Q. July, 
 1907+ F o 
 
 Pounded 1905 by James E. Jones ; published by him till Nov., 1906 ; 
 since then, J. E. Jones & Co. (B. E. Tollaksen). 
 
 Wisconsin Mirror (w). 1856 — Feb., 1859. May— Nov., 1860. F*. 
 
 Established Jan., 1856, at Newport, by Alanson Holly (when his resi- 
 dence and printing-office were the only buildings in town) ; first three 
 copies printed were sold at auction as souvenirs for $65, $10, and $5, re- 
 spectively ; within first year moved to Kilbourn City ; conducted by Holly 
 till suspension, June, 1859. Revived May, 1860, by H. O. and Alanson 
 Holly, but suspended in following Nov. Pile for 1860 bound with Por- 
 tage City Record, 1860-61. 
 
 Wisconsin Mirror (w). 1868-73. 3 v. Ft. 1874— Sept., 1876. F«. 
 Pounded by Alanson Holly, June, 1868 ; conducted by him till Sept., 
 1869 ; T. O. Thompson, till Nov., 1870 ; D. L. and E. B. Davis, Nov., 
 1870— Dec, 1871. P. O. Wisner, Jan., 1872— July, 1876; W. M. Cole, 
 2 months ; destroyed by fire Sept., 1876. Styled Mirror, Dec, 1870 — 
 Dec, 1871. See Mirror-Gazette and Kilbourn City Guard. 
 
 [348] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Mirror Gazette (w). Apr., 1887-1908. 11 v. F«. 1909 + 
 
 Established Oct., 1884, by Frank O. Wisner, as revival of second Wis. 
 Mirror, q. v. ; its volumes were numbered consecutively with those of 
 former series ; in Apr., 1885, absorbed Gazette, and thenceforth styled 
 Mirror-Gazette; conducted by J. B. Jones (in partnership with Wisner, 
 till July, 1888) till Sept., 1002, when sold to E. G. Wheeler, and con- 
 ducted by him till Nov., 1909 (edited by Jones till Sept., 1903) ; sold to 
 Russell J. Jouno, Nov., 1909 ; conducted by him till Mar., 1910 ; by 
 Theodore Freer, Mar. — June, 1910 ; since then, Mirror-Gazette Pub, Co. 
 Gazette was founded Jan., 1882, by W. W. Woodruff; conducted by 
 him about two years ; Charles B. Adams, till Apr., 1885 ; then merged in 
 Mirror. Independent. 
 
 Knapp 
 
 Knapp News (w). 1902-1906. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1902, by R. A. Axtell, and conducted by him till May, 
 1905 ; Carpenter & Fletcher, May — July, 1905 ; George L. Carpenter, July, 
 1905-3 909; since then, E. N. Reed. 
 
 La Crosse 
 
 La Crosse Weekly Appeal. Mar. 13, 1861. 
 
 Established (d and w) Mar., 1861, by Theodore Rodolf and other Demo- 
 crats ; edited by A P. Blakeslee ; daily suspended in April, after publi- 
 cation of 25 numbers ; weekly probably suspended soon afterwards. 
 
 Argus (w). Jan., 1898-1903. 5 v. F*. 1904-1910. 2 v. Fa. 1911+ 
 Founded 1897 by Frank Geisenhelmer and E. A. Calkins, and con- 
 ducted by them till Dec, 1S99 ; Argus Co. (including both men) Dec, 
 1899 — Apr., 1902 ; Geisenhelmer and F. A. Hartwell, Apr., 1902 — Mar., 
 1904 ; La Crosse Argus Co. till Aug., 1910 ; since then, Frederick Pub. 
 Co. Edited by Geisenheimpr. till Oct., 1908 ; J. L. Utermoehl, Mar., 
 1909 — June, 1910. R. P. Stanton, July, 1910; since then, George B. 
 Frederick (with Wenzel M. Dvorak since Feb., 1911). Independent. 
 
 Weekly Chronicle. Feb., 1879-1906. 13 v. F«. 
 
 Successor (Aug., 1878) of Liberal Democrat: conducted by Ellis B. 
 Usher (In partnership with Robert Howard, till Nov., 1879), till Feb., 
 1901 ; edited largely by Isaac L. Usher, 1880-89. Sold to Charles K. Lush, 
 Feb., 1901 ; about a year later again sold to W. E. Barber and others. 
 Since Apr., 1900, published by R. B. Gelatt and Fred G. Cowles ; edited 
 by Gelatt. Both daily and weekly. Styled Chronicle, until Sept., 1882. 
 Democratic till 1901 ; since then Republican. See Democrat. 
 
 La Crosse Morning Chronicle (d). 1879-June, 1880; 1891-1910. 46 v. 
 Fg. 1911 + 
 
 La Crosse Democrat (w). Apr., 1853 — May, 1854. F«. 
 
 Hstablished May, 1853, as successor of Spirit of the Times, by Chase A. 
 Stevens and William C Rogers ; at end of a year, purchased by Cyrus K. 
 Lord and Theodore Rodolf, and styled La Crosse National Democrat after 
 following June ; interest of Rodolf sold to F. A. Moore, Oct., 1854 ; sus- 
 pended, Nov., 1855. Revived, a few weeks later, by Moore and A. P. 
 Blakeslee ; continued by them till Nov., 1859 ; then merged in Daily Union. 
 Daily issued during last two weeks of its existence. Edited by A. D. 
 
 [349] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 La Crosse, Wis., continued: 
 
 La Due till. Sept., 1854 ; then by Moore. Democratic, but anti-Lecompton. 
 
 Another Democrat was founded by Blakeslee & Moore in Nov., 1859 ; of 
 short duration. 
 
 Spirit of the Times founded Apr., 1852, by A. D. and J. La Due ; first 
 paper in La Crosse ; succeeded by Democrat, May, 1853. Democratic. 
 
 Daily Union established by C. P. Sykes and A. P. Swineford, Oct., 1859, 
 as advocate of Buchanan's Leeompton policy ; absorbed Democrat (d 
 and w) in Nov. following, and styled Union and Democrat; sold to- 
 M. M. Poineroy and F. A. Moore, May, 1860 ; continued (tri-w) by them 
 till suspension, in Dec. following. Immediately revived by Pomeroy; 
 edited by Dickinson ; sold by sheriff in less than two months after- 
 wards ; succeeded by Democrat, q. v. See "History of Union and Demo- 
 crat" in Trir-Weekly Democrat, Nov. 22, 1861. 
 
 La Crosse Democrat (w and tri-w). Sept., 1861-63. P'. 
 
 — Same (d). Apr., 1875-1877. 6 v. F*. 
 
 Third paper of this name ; continuation of Union and Democrat, by 
 Pomeroy ; published by him till Nov., 1868 ; John Symes (in partnership 
 with Alfred E Haven, till Aug., 1871 ; afteT that, with George W. Peck), 
 Dec, 1S68— July, 1872 ; then sold by Pomeroy to Symes & Peck ; styled 
 Liberal Democrat, and conducted by them till May, 1874 ; Symes alone, 
 one year ; Symes and Ellis B. Usher, one year ; TJsher and Robert Howard, 
 till Aug., 1878 ; then succeeded by Chronicle, q. v. Issued weekly and 
 tri-weekly till Apr., 1863 ; thereafter, weekly and daily ; Norwegian edi- 
 tion published in summer and fall of 1868. Absorbed Democratic Journal, 
 q. v., Dec, 1803. Edited by C. C. Meservey, 1865 ; Charles Lobdell, 1866, 
 till his death, Dec, 1867 ; J. R. Flanders, Jan. — Aug., 1868 ; then by 
 James H. Lambert. In Apr., 1879, Pomeroy established La Crosse Daily 
 Democrat, with A. S. Foote as editor ; sold to Alexander Nevins, Apr., 
 1880, and used as basis for Daily News, q. v. 
 
 La Crosse National Democrat (w). Mar., 1856 — Nov., 1859. Ft. 
 See La Crosse Democrat. 
 
 La Crosse Weekly Democrat. 1864 — Apr., 1866. F ?. 
 See La Crosse Democrat. 
 
 Liberal Democrat (d). Apr., 1875— 1877. & v. F*. 
 See La Crosse Democrat. 
 
 La Crosse Democratic Journal (w). June — Dec, 1863. F«. 
 
 Established Jan., 1S63, as successor of Appeal, q. v., by A. P. Blakes- 
 lee and G. W. Walrath, as organ of War Democrats ; continued by them 
 till Dec, 1863, then merged in Democrat, q. v. Issue of June 17, 1863, 
 contained "History of La Crosse Press," by Blakeslee. 
 
 FaBDRELANDET og Emigranten (w). 1870-80. 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Fadrelamdet established Jan., 1864, by Johannes Schroeder and P. 
 Fleischer; edited by latter till his death, Nov., 1878 (associated with 
 F. A. Husher for a long time previously) ; purchased by Husher, Mar., 
 1879. Removed to Minneapolis about 1885; branch office maintained at 
 La Crosse till end of 1888. Claims to be oldest Scandinavian paper in 
 United States. Republican. See Emigranten, under Madison. 
 
 [350] 
 
w 
 
 isconsm 
 
 Fakm and Factory (w). May — June, 1877. P*. 
 
 Agricultural journal, , issued by publishers of Northwestern Miller, q. v. 
 File is bound with N. W. Miller, 1877-78. 
 
 La Crosse Free Press (w). Feb. — July, 1877. Ft. 
 
 Pounded Oct., 1876, as successor of N. La Crosse Star, by A. S. Foote 
 and A. C. Smith, under title Sunday Morning Free Press; styled La 
 Crosse Free Press, after four months ; conducted by them (edited by 
 William M. Doty, after Feb., 1877) till Sept., 1877; then came into the 
 hands of Doty and John Allison ; styled Northwestern Teetotaler, q. v., 
 and continued by them (Mrs. M. L. Allison, associate editor), one year; 
 suspended Sept., 1878. Independent ; under Doty, advocated temperance. 
 
 North La Crosse Star founded Oct., 1875, by J. Beach ; continued by 
 him one year (with Love, Oct. — Dec, 1875 ; then with B. W. Rey- 
 nolds) ; suspended Oct., 1876. 
 
 Herald und Volksfreund (s-w). Sept., 1898-1910. 8 v. P«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Dec, 1876, at Reedsburg, as Sauk County Herald, by Wilhelm 
 
 Raetzmann and Richard Porsh. Moved to La Crosse by Raetzmann in 1891, 
 
 where John Baenziger became bis partner for a short time; conducted by 
 
 him till May, 1898. Published by Baenziger (with John N. Cyzmaniak and 
 
 A. Piotrowski) from May, 1898 till Baenziger's death, Aug., 1902. Maxi- 
 milian Hahn then became partner and editor till his death, May, 1903 ; 
 Gerhard A. Kuehn, present editor, succeeded him, May, 1904. Published 
 for some years past by Volksfreund Pub. Co. Issues also La Crosse 
 Volksfreund as Wednesday edition. 
 
 La Crosse Leader (w). Aug., 1867-73. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Same (d). Aug., 1869— Apr., 1871 (incomp.). 6 v. F«. 
 
 Established (d and w) Aug., 1869, by Lute and H. A. Taylor; con- 
 ducted by them two years (in partnership with Joseph S. Elwell, during 
 first three months.; with Frank Daggett, after Oct., 1870) ; consolidated 
 with Republican, Aug., 1871, under title of Republican and Leader, q. v. 
 Republican. 
 
 Leader-Press (d). June, 1903-1910. 23 v. Fs. 1911+ 
 See Press. 
 
 Light (bi-m). Vols. 1-11. 1898-1908. 11 v. in 3. O. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1898 as organ of Natl. Purity Federation. Edited (1911) by 
 
 B. S. Steadwell. 
 
 Indre-MissioNABEN (s-m). 1899— Nov., 1901. O. 
 
 Founded 1896. Conducted (1899-1901) by Revs. H. Halvorsen and 
 A. K. Sagen. Religious. 
 
 La Crosse Weekly Mirror. Aug., 1860. 
 
 Established Aug., 1860, by Harry Hayden ; suspended Mar., 1861. Is- 
 sued daily during last two months. 
 
 La Crosse Dally News. Nov., 1880-81. ' 2 v. F^. 
 
 Established July, 1880, by J. J. Shuart ; edited by his partner, Alex- 
 ander Nevins ; purchased by latter in following Dec, and conducted by 
 him till suspension, Dec, 1881. See Democrat, 1861-63. 
 
 [351] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 La. Cbosse, Wis y continued: 
 
 La Crosse News (w). Mar., 1882-83. P». Jan.— June, 1884. F*. 
 July, 1884— Apr., 1891. 4 v. F «. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1882, as Sunday Morning News (after Oct., 1882, styled 
 La Crosse News), by George M. Read; conducted by Mm till Feb., 1886 
 (with H. L. Miller as editor, Oct., 1882 — Feb., 1884) ; E. M. Bead, two 
 years ; sold to P. W. and D. O. Mahoney and F. Z. Alexander, Feb., 1888 ; 
 conducted by them till Dec, 1889 ; by the Mahoneys, till Mar., 1891 ; then 
 sold to Carl Dalton ; soon after, merged in Sun, q. v. Issued two edi- 
 tions, Dec, 1882—84 — one devoted to interests of Odd Fellows, and styled 
 Odd Fellows News; the other to local and society news, styled Sunday 
 Morning News. Removed to North La Crosse, Oct., 1884. Organ of Odd 
 Fellows, 1882-85; Knights of Labor, 1886-87. Under Read, supported 
 Labor Party ; under the Mahoneys, Republican. 
 
 Nobdsteen (w). German. 1874-76. Ft. 1877-1909. 17 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1856, by Theodore Rodolf and C. Holbroecks; sold In 
 Mar. following to John Ulrich; conducted by Mm till Nov., 1883 (in 
 
 partnership with Fischer, Mar., 1857 — Nov., 1860 ; with A. Stein- 
 
 lein, Apr., 1864-65) ; since then by Adolf Candrian. Issues, besides 
 weekly news edition, Nordstem Blatter (w), literary, established Mar., 
 1881; Abendstern (d), established Sept., 1892; and Tolkspost, q. v. Dem- 
 ocratic, till July, 1860 ; Republican, till close of War of Secession ; again 
 Democratic, a short time ; since then, Independent Republican. 
 
 Nobdsteen Blatteb (w). 1891-1907. 6 v. F6. 1908+ , 
 File for 1891-92 bound with Nordstem for same period. 
 
 Nobthwestebn Mn-tEB (w). Vols. 5-6. May, 1877-Feb., 1879. 2 v. 
 F*. Vols. 8-25. 1879-88; Vols. 39-82. 1895-1910. 44 v. F. 
 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1873 by Amasa Ostrander. Removed to Minneapolis (q. v.), 
 1879, and published since then by Miller Pub. Co. ; edited by William C. 
 Edgar. 
 
 La Crosse Daily Pbess. Oct., 1889 — May, 1892; 1893 (Incomp.) ; 1894- 
 June, 1903. 30 v. F«. 
 
 Established Oct., 1889, by Frank O. Smith and Fred W. Burke; con- 
 ducted by them till Mar., 1890 ; Smith and W. S. Luce till following De- 
 cember ; Luce alone till Feb., 1901 ; edited by Luce after Dec., 1889. Sold 
 to R. B. Gelatt and W. R. Nimocks, Feb., 1901 ; conducted since by Gelatt 
 (with Nimocks till Feb., 1902; with Fred G. Cowles since Sept., 1903). 
 Edited by Frank W. Leahy since 1906. Absorbed Republican d Leader 
 June, 1903 ; since styled La Crosse Leader-Press, q. v. Sunday edition 
 began Nov., 1893. Styled Daily Press, Jan., 1891 — Oct., 1893. Inde- 
 pendent. 
 
 Sunday Pees9. Dec, 1894-95. F». 
 
 La Crosse Republican (w). July, 1863 — Aug., 1864. Ft. 
 
 - Same (d and w). Sept., 1867— July, 1868, scat. nos. Ft. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1854, by William C. Rogers, under title of Independent 
 Republican, q. v. conducted by him until Feb., 1860 ; Charles Seymour (In 
 partnership with Leonard Lottridge, till May, 1862 ; with J. S. Elwell, 
 [352] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 till Oct., 1867; with E. A. Andrews, 1868; with W. R. Finch, after Oct., 
 1870) , till Aug., 1871 ; then sold to Lottridge, and united with Leader, 
 q. v.; continued as Republican and Leader, q. v. Issued tri-weekly, June, 
 I860 — July, 1864 ; daily published late in 1859 : another founded Aug., 
 1863, and issued continuously thereafter. Styled Republican, after 1861. 
 
 Independent Republican (w). Aug., 1854-1859. 2 v. Fs. 
 See Republican. 
 
 Republican and Leader (w). 1874 — May, 1895. 8 v. Fs. June, 1895- 
 1899. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Same (d). Aug., 1871— June, 1872. 2 v. F«. 1875-77; July, 
 
 1880— June, 1882. 10 v. Fs. Dec, 1894 — June, 1903. 23 v. Fs. 
 Established (d and w) Aug., 1871, by stock company, as successor of 
 Republican and Mornlnp Leader, q. v. ; edited by Leonard Lottridge and 
 Lute Taylor, till Mar., 1873 ; William Nelson, May, 1873-74 ; W. R. Finch 
 (assistant editor since Apr., 1870) till absorbed by Press (q. v.), June, 
 1903. 
 
 International Review (m). Vols. 1-2. 1898. Q. 
 
 Conducted by C. L. V. Craft during the year ; then suspended. 
 
 Sun (w). Apr.— July, 1891. Fs. 
 
 Established Feb., 1891, by Carl Dalton ; in following April, absorbed 
 News; probably of short duration. File bound with News, 1891. 
 
 Northwestern Teetotaler (w). Sept., 1877 — Sept., 1878. Fs. 
 
 See La' Crosse Free Press. File bound with Free Press, 1877. 
 
 La Crosse Tidende (s-w). Norwegian. Sept., 1895-97. Fs. 
 
 Established Sept., 1895, by J. L. Hjort; edited by Slgvard SOrenson, 
 1897. No later mention in directories. Republican. 
 
 Northwest Trade Journal. 
 
 See Wisconsin and Northwest Trade Journal. 
 
 Wisconsin and Northwest Trade Journal (m). Nov., Dec, 1907; 1908, 
 7 nos.; Vols. 3-5. Jan., 1909— Jan., 1910. Q. Feb., 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1907; published by C. W. Donovan, Nov., 1907— Oct., 1908; 
 since then, Geo. B. Frederick (with Lee Bierce as associate, after Sept, 
 1909; later with W. M. Dvorak also). Styled Northwest Trade Journal 
 since July, 1910. 
 
 Daily Union. 
 
 See first Democrat. 
 
 Volksfreund (s-w). Jan., 1898— Sept., 1899. Fs. 
 See Herold und Volksfreund. 
 
 Volkspost (w). July, 1903-1909. 3 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1901, and since published by Adolf Candrian. Issues literary 
 supplement styled Volksrath. 
 
 23— N. C. [ 353 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Ladysmith 
 
 .Rusk County Journal (w). Jan., 1901-1908. 4 v. P«. 1909 + 
 
 Founded May, 1900, by D. H. Richards, and conducted by him till 
 Aug., 1908 ; since then, Phil S. Reed. Styled Gates County Journal till 
 Nov., 1905. Republican. Published from May — Dec., 1900 at Warner, 
 q. v. ; name of town then changed to Ladysmith. 
 
 Lake Geneva 
 tin 1882, name changed from Geneva to Lake Geneva] 
 Geneva Weekly Express. Oct., 1855 — Aug., 1856. P', 
 
 Founded Sept, 1855, by Alonzo L. and Edgar J. Farnum ; sold by them 
 after six months to Frank Leland and G. S. Utter, who conducted It till 
 Apr., 1857 ; then merged in Elkhorn Independent, q. v. Independent 
 
 Lake Geneva Herald (w). 1874-80. 2 v. Fs. 1881-94. 7 v. P«. 
 1895— Apr., 1897. F7. Apr., 1897-1908. 6 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Established Apr., 1872, by John E. Burton ; conducted by him for four 
 years (in partnership with George S. Utter during first four months ; and 
 with A. D. Waterbury, Dec., 1875 — Apr., 1876) ; Waterbury and James E. 
 Heg, Apr., 1876 — Nov., 1877 ; continued by Heg till July, 1895 (in part- 
 nership with John E. Nethercut, after Sept., 1878) ; since then, Nether- 
 cut alone. Edited by Burton, 1872— Apr., 1876 ; Heg, 1876 — July, 1895. 
 Styled Geneva Lake Herald till May, 1879 ; now Herald. Issues every 
 year, during June — Sept, Lalce Geneva Cisco (w) , established June, 1879 ; 
 is devoted to local summer resorts and visitors. In 1883, Herald issued 
 daily edition. Contains (May— June, 1876) additional chapters of James 
 Simmons's History of Geneva and Southern Walworth County, which was 
 published in book-form Aug., 1875, after previous appearance as a serial 
 in Herald. Republican. 
 
 Geneva Lake Mirror (w). Apr. 26, 1860. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1860, by G. S. Utter and J. T. Wentworth ; suspended 
 Mar., 1861. Published series of articles on early history of Geneva, by 
 James Simmons. Independent till July, 1860 ; then Republican. 
 
 Lake Geneva News (w). 1892-97. 4 v. P«. Oct., 1906+ 
 
 Established about July, 1879, by C. H. Burdick and G. E. Early; sold 
 within three months to J. S. Badger, and changed to weekly. Owned 
 after 1882 by A. K. Owen ; edited by Burdick, 1883 — Apr., 1892 ; then by 
 Dale Owen. Sold by Owen to X. W. Smails, Aug., 1894, and conducted 
 by him till 1901; W. J. McAfferty, 1901-1903; since then, Lake Geneva 
 Pub. Co. ; present manager, F. M. Higgins. Independent. 
 
 Wisconsin Standard (w). July 7, 1849. 
 
 Founded July, 1848, by D. M. Keeler ; suspended July, 1849. Whig. 
 File bound with Geneva Express. 
 
 Lake Mills 
 
 Lake Mills Leader (w). Oct., 1882-97. o v. Ft. 1898-1909. 6 T. 
 F e. 1910+ 
 
 Successor to Lake Mills Spike; conducted by C. L. Hubbs to date. Is- 
 sues German-English edition. Absorbed Deerfield Tooacco Herald, q. v., 
 Apr., 1888. At first, Independent ; In late years, Republican. 
 
 [354] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Republikanaben (w). 1899-1902. 2 v. F«. Jan. — Aug., 1903. 
 
 Founded 1889. Published by John Story, 1897— Mar., 1901 ; then 
 leased to Fred Foss, and conducted by him till Mar., 1902 ; Story, Mar. — 
 June; Lake Mills Pub. Co., June, 1902 (M. A. Aasgaard, manager). No 
 later data obtainable. 
 
 Lake Mills Spike (w). Feb., 1879— June, 1881. Fe. July, 1881 — 
 Sept., 1882. Ft. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1878, by A. G. Bernard; published by him till Aug., 
 1882; then by C. L. Hutbs, who styled it Lake Mills Leader, q. v., Oct., 
 1882. 
 
 Lake Nebagamon 
 
 Nebagamon Enterprise (w). Dec, 1898-1900. Fe. 1901 — Dec, 1907. 
 5 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1898, by Warren S. Carr, and published by him till Dec, 
 
 1907 (with Harkness till 1903; then with Hand). In Dec, 
 
 1907, consolidated with Solon Springs Star, and published at Solon Springs, 
 q. v., by N. Dan Simpson till Sept., 1908 ; then at Lake Nebagamon 
 till suspended, Oct., 1909, at death of owner. Styled Star-Enterprise 
 after Dec, 1907. 
 
 Stab Enterprise (w). Oct., 1908— Oct., 1909. F 3 . 
 See Nebagamon Enterprise. 
 
 Lancaster 
 
 Grant County Advocate (w). 1875— Feb., 1876. P'. Mar., 1876-77. 
 F«. 
 
 Removed hither from Bloomington, q. v., Oct., 1874 ; conducted by C. N. 
 Holford and P. Hartley, till Jan., 1875 ; A Reifsteck then entered the 
 firm ; in May following, Reifsteck became sole proprietor ; continued by 
 him till Dec, 1877, when merged in Grant Co. Argus, q. v. "Reform," at 
 first ; under Reifsteck, Democratic. -, 
 
 Grant County Argus (w). Sept., 1876— Apr., 1878. Fs. 
 
 Founded July, 1870, by C. N. Holford ; conducted by him for two 
 years ; nbsorbed Grant Co. Advocate, Dec, 1877 ; merged in Grant Co. 
 Gazette, q. v., June, 1878. Supported National Greenback platform. File 
 for Sept. — Dec, 1876 bound with Grant Co. Advocate, 1875-76. 
 
 Grant County Gazette (w). June, 1878-79. P«. 
 
 Successor (June, 1878) of Grant Co. Advocate and Grant Co. Argus; 
 conducted by A. Reifsteck and Lewis C. Martin, two months; then Martin 
 alone ; removed to Prairie du Chien, Dec, 1879, and styled Inter-County 
 Gazette; suspended Apr., 1880. At first, Democratic; under Martin, 
 Greenback. 
 
 Fobaqer (q). Apr., 1896— Jan., 1897. Fs. 
 
 Issued by Woman's Relief Corps. Edited by Mrs. M. A. Reed. 
 
 Grant County Herald (w). Mar., 1843— Mar., 1849; Oct.— Nov., 1850. 
 2 v. P«. May, 1866-80; Sept., 1881— Feb., 1890. 8 v. Ft. 
 [355] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Lancaster, Wis., continued: 
 
 Feb., 1890-97. 4 v. Pe. 1898—1901. 2 v. F7. 19<02— 1909. 
 5 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Established Mar., 1843, by stock company ; edited by L. O. Shrader 
 and Charles Mallett ; purchased by Mallett in June following ; conducted 
 by him, with H. A. Wiltse as editor, till Oct. of same year ; Wiltse and 
 J. D. Spalding, Oct., 1843— Apr., 1844; Spalding alone, until Aug., 1845 
 (associated with L. B. Leach, Jan. — Apr., 1845 ; Spalding and James M. 
 ' Goodhue, one month ; Goodhue alone, Sept., 1845 — Apr., 1849 ; then sus- 
 pended. Revived in following June, by J. L. Marsh ; conducted by him, 
 two years; Joseph C. Cover, June, 1851-77 (in partnership with L. O. 
 Shrader, till Jan., 1853; with N. C. Goldsmith, Feb., 1853— July, 1859; 
 with his son John, Jan., 1869— Nov., 1876 ; with Edward Pollock, Dec, 
 1876-77) ; Pollock, 1878-80 ; H; D. Farquharson, 1881 — Jan., 1885 (edi- 
 ted by J. C. Cover, till July, 1S81 ; then by George P. Mathes, till Sepfr, 
 1883) ; Walter G. Chandler, 1885— July, 1888 ; William B. Miner, July, 
 1888— May, 1892 ; Charles L. Harper, till Dec, 1894 ; Clyde E. Sho- 
 walter till Apr., 1900 ; H. J. Johnson, Apr., 1900 — Nov., 1907 ; since then, 
 B. J. Lowrey. Styled Wis. Herald and Grant Co. Advertiser, Oct., 1844 — • 
 Dec, 1845; Wis. Herald, 1846-49. Published historical sketch of mines 
 and mining district, June-Sept., 1843 ; "Journal of a survey in Northern 
 Wisconsin," by A. A. Parker, July-Aug., 1847 ; articles describing lead 
 region, Oct. — Dec, 1851 ; early history of Grant County (by "Father" 
 Gilbert, aged 90) , May — June, 1857 ; history of Herald, and other histori- 
 cal articles, in its serai-centennial number, Mar. 16, 1893. At first, non- 
 partisan ; Whig, under Goodhue ; Anti-slavery, under Cover ; since 1855, 
 Republican. See also Dubuque (la.) Iowa News. 
 
 Teller (w). Feb., 1883-1909. 13 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Same (s-w). May, 1886— May, 1887. Ft. 
 
 Established Feb., 1883, by Edward Pollock, and still conducted by him; 
 Burne Pollock, associate editor since 1905. Contains numerous sketches 
 and letters concerning local history. Independent. 
 
 Linden 
 
 Adviser, and People's Review (m). Vols. 1-6. July, 1890— Feb., 1897. 
 3 v. F*. 
 
 Established by J. W. Taylor, and conducted by him till Feb., 1897. In- 
 dependent ; contains miscellaneous reading. 
 
 Linden Conservative (w). Apr., 1909 — Feb., ,1911. F«. 
 
 Founded 1909 by Conservative Pub. Co., and conducted by them (J. W. 
 Taylor, editor) till Feb., 1911, when discontinued, or succeeded by Lin- 
 den Reporter, q. v. 
 
 Linden Reporter (w). ■ Feb., 1911+ F<s. 
 
 Founded by J. A. Connaughton, Feb., 1911, and since published by him. 
 Southwest Wisconsin (w). Feb., 1894 — Oct., 1907. 7 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded Feb.. 1894, by I. G. De Witt and J. W. Taylor ; issued simul- 
 
 ^ ' taneously at Montfort and Linden till Nov., 1895. Published by them 
 
 till Dec, 1894 ; J. W. Taylor albne till Oct., 1907. Then suspended 
 
 with a view to resuming in a few weeks under different name. Political 
 
 and literary. Republican. 
 
 [356] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Lodi 
 
 Lodi JounxAL (w). Oct., 1870 — Apr., 1873. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1870, by Charles H. Fullerton ; conducted by him (Oct. 
 —Dec, 1870, with W. H. Noyes) till Apr., 1873 ; then merged in Jef- 
 ferson Co. Union, Ft. Atkinson, q. v. File for Oct. — Dec., 1870, bound 
 with Columbus Democrat, 1871-7-1. 
 
 Lodi Valley News (w). Apr., 1874-94. 7 v. P«. 1895— Mar., 1904. 
 2 v. P«. 
 
 Established Apr., 3 874, by Peter Richards, and conducted by him till 
 suspension, Mar., 1904. Anti-Saloon Republican. 
 
 Lone Rock 
 
 Lone Rock Republican (w). Oct., 1886 — May, 1887. Fs. 
 
 Founded by N. B. Hood, May, 1886 ; suspended a year later. File 
 bound with Richland Rustic, 1887-89. 
 Inter-County Times (w). 
 
 See Dollar Times, Spring Green. 
 
 Loyal 
 
 Loyal Tribune (w). 1905—1909. 2 v. F«. 1910 + 
 
 Founded 1894 by Loyal Pub. Co. ; edited by B. M. Fullmer. Published 
 by D. V. Richardson, 1895-1903 ; J. E. Noyes, 1903— Oct., 1905 ; H. V. 
 Ross, Oct., J905 — Apr., 1906 ; Mrs. D. V. Richardson, Apr. — Oct., 1906 
 (edited by Ray G. Taylor) ; since then Roessler Bros. Republican. 
 
 Madison 
 
 Dane County Advocate (w). Oct. — Dec, 1902. F«. 
 
 ^Eois (w; bi-w, after Sept., 1892). Vols. 1-9. Sept., 1886— June, 1895. 
 9 v. F. 
 
 Published and edited by students of University of Wisconsin. Managing 
 editors : J. E. McConnell, 1886-87 ; P. W. Gage, 1887 ; J. L. Van Ornum, 
 1887-88; F. W. Kelley, 1888; J. J. Schindler, 1888-89; A. A. Bruce, 
 1889-90 ; E. K. Thomas, 1890-91 ; E. W. Sawyer, 1891 ; P. S. Reinsch, 
 1891-92 ; J. F. Griffin, 1892 ; G. H. Katz, 1892-93 ; J. E. Webster, 1893 ; 
 Rodney A. Elward, 1894 ; Franklin E. Bump, 1894-95. See Wis JEgig and 
 Univ. Press. 
 
 Wisconsin JEais (m). Vols. 10-14. Oct., 1895— June, 1900. 5 v. 0. 
 
 Successor of -ISgis, q. v. ; edited by Franklin E. Bump, Knox Kinney, and 
 others. Suspended, 1900. 
 
 Amebika (w). 1897-1902. 3 v. Fe. 1903-1909. 7 v. F*. 1910+ 
 
 Removed hither from Chicago ; succeeded Normanden, q. v. ; absorbed 
 Chicago "Sorden, 1897 ; styled Amerika og Norden till 1900 ; edited by Peer 
 O. StrBmme till 1898 ; since then by Rasmus B. Anderson. 
 
 Abchon (w). Sept., 1894— June, 1895; Sept., 1896 — June, 1898. 3 v. F*.. 
 Published by students of Madison High School ; George E. Schilling, 
 editor-in-chief ; Clay S. Berryman, business manager. 
 
 [357] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Madison, Wis., continued: ■ , 
 
 Tri-Weekly Aegds. Oct., 1847— Mar., 1848. F 5. 
 
 Tri-weekly edition of Wis. Argus, q. v. ; issued during second constitu- 
 tional convention and last Territorial legislature. 
 
 Daily Abgus. Jan. — Apr., 1852. F». 
 
 Daily edition of Wis. Argus, q. v. ; issued during legislative session. 
 
 Daily Abgus and Democrat. July, 1852-53. 3 v. Ps. 1854-56. 6 V. 
 Pe. 1857— June, 1859. 5 v. F'. 
 
 Daily Abgus and Democrat. Apr., 1860 — Jan., 1862. 4 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1860, by E. A. Calkins and M. Cullaton, ostensibly as re- 
 vival of old Argus and Democrat ; conducted by them till June, 1861 ; 
 thereafter by Cullaton and John Y. Smith (Hay den K. Smith, associate 
 editor) ; suspended Jan., 1862. Styled Wis. Daily Argus, after Oct., 1861. 
 Advocated cause of farm mortgagors. See Wis. Weekly Argus. 
 
 Weekly Abgus and Democrat. Sept. 7— Dec. 28, 1852; 1855-58. Ft. 
 Successor of Wis. Argus and Wis. Democrat, q. ■/. ; conducted by Stephen 
 D. Carpenter and Beriah Bpown (Alexander T. Gray, associate editor), 
 June, 1852 — Apr., 1853 ; Brown (in partnership with Ellas A. Calkins, 
 after June, 1854) till Apr., 1855 ; continued by Calkins till June, 1859 (in 
 partnership with James K. Proudflt, during first year; with George Webb 
 after May, 1857) ; Brown was associate editor, Jan. — Apr., 1859. Sold to 
 Harrison Reed, June, 1859, and merged in Wis. State Journal, q. v. Demo- 
 cratic, except in 1856, when it supported Fremont. 
 
 Wisconsin Abgus (w). Aug., 1844 — Feb., 1847. Fs. Feb., 1847— Jan., 
 1853. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1844. by S. Mills & Co. (Simeon Mills, John Y. Smith, 
 and Benjamin Holt) ; H. A. Tenney joined the firm Dec, 1846, and Mills 
 retired Feb., 1847 ; David' T. Dickson was a partner, Aug., 1849 — Apr., 
 1851 ; then S. D. Carpenter and H. A. Tenney became owners of paper. 
 Consolidated with Wis. Democrat June, 1852, and styled Argus and, Demo- 
 crat, q. v. Issue for Nov. 20, 1849, contains reminiscences of Ebenezer 
 Brigham's pioneer life ; May 19, 1852, a description of Wisconsin, its re- 
 sources and progress, with statistics of land, lead, lumber, and population 
 (reprinted from Wis. Express). Democratic. 
 
 Wisconsin Weekly Abgus. Jan. — June, 1862. Ft. 
 
 Weekly edition of second Argus and Democrat, q. v. ; suspended June, 
 1862. ' File bound. with Daily Argus and, Democrat, July — Dec, 1861. 
 
 .Ave Reg'ina (gj. Dec, 1891 — Oct., 1893. Q. 
 
 ( Published by teachers and pupils of Sacred Heart Academy, Edgewood 
 
 y*( Villa. Short-lived. 
 
 Badges (w). Vols. 1-4. Oct., 1881— June, 1885. 4 v. in 2. O. 
 
 Styled Campus till Dec, 1881. Published and edited by students of 
 University of Wisconsin. Managing editors : E. G. McGilton, 1881-82 ; 
 J. J. Esch, 1882; E. S. Moe, 1882-83; C. R. Boardman, 1883-84; F. A. 
 Pike, 1884-85. Merged in University Press, q. v., Sept., 1885." 
 
 [358] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Billed Magazin (w). Norwegian. Vol. 1. Oct., 1868— Nov., 1869. 
 Indexed. Q. 
 
 Published by B. W. Suckow ; has historical articles on Scandinavian set- 
 tlements in America. 
 
 Wisconsin Botschafteb (w). 1874-78. 2 v. EX 1879-95. 8 v. F«. 
 1896+ 
 
 Bounded 1869 by Richard Porsch ; conducted by him till his death, Oct., 
 1891; hy his widow, three months; since then, F. C. Blied & Co. In 
 Apr., 1912, purchased Wisconsin Staats-Zeitung, q. v. ; after June fol- 
 lowing, publishers issued two papers a week — Botscha/ter on Tuesday, 
 and Staats-Zeitung on Friday. Neutral during first three years ; since 
 then, Democratic. 
 
 Northwestern Business and Shorthand College Journal (m). May, 
 1896— Apr., 1903. Q. 
 See School Visitor. 
 
 Bust World (m). Vol. 2. No. 1. Jan., 1893. 
 
 Buying List of Recent Books. 
 
 See A. L. A. Booklist, under Chicago, 111. 
 
 By the Wayside (m). Vols. 1-9. 1898-1907. 2 v. S; O. 
 Organ of Wis. Audubon Soc. 
 
 Campaigner (m). May-Oct., 1892. F. 
 No more published. Prohibition. 
 
 Campus. 
 
 See Badger. 
 
 Daily Wisconsin Capitol. Apr. — Oct., 1865. F«. 
 
 Wisconsin Daily Capitol. Nov., 1865 — Apr., 1866. F?. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1865, by E. A. Calkins ; united Apr., 1866, with third 
 Wis. Democrat (q v.) and succeeded by Wis. Union, q. v. 
 
 Weekly Wisconsin Capitol. Apr., 1865-Apr., 1866. Ft. 
 
 Daily Cardinal. Apr., 1892— June, 1898. 8 v. F*. 1898-1910. 11 v. 
 Fs. 1911 + 
 
 Published and edited by students of University of Wisconsin. Founded 
 1892. Incorporated in 1896 as Daily Cardinal Assn. of Wisconsin. Di- 
 rectors from the faculty ; editors chosen by competitive system from among 
 students. Editors-in-chief : W. W. Young, M. C. Douglas, 1892 ; C. C. 
 Case, W. G. Bleyer, F. E. Bump, 1893 ; W. T. Arndt, 1894-95 ; J. B. San- 
 born, 1895-96 ; Charles H. Becker, 1897-98 ; Robert Wild, 1898-99 ; Arthur 
 Beule, 1900-01 ; W. F. Moffat, 1902-03 ; R. M. Davis, 1903-05 ; Ed. S. 
 Jordan, 1905-06; G. S. McConochie. 1906-07; Ralph Hetzel, 1907-09; 
 Carl N. Hill, 1909-10 ; Monte F. Appel, 1010-11 ; John L. Childs, 1911-12. 
 
 Christian Endeavor (m). Dec., 1895— Mar., 1898. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Removed hither from Oshkosh, q. v., Nov., 1895 ; Ben H. Soper, editor 
 and manager. Organ of Wis. Young People's Societies of Christian En- 
 deavor. Published in Milwaukee- Mar.-Dec, 1897. Suspended Mar., 1898. 
 
 [359] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Madison, Wis., continued: 
 
 Bulletin of Christian Social Union (q). Mar., 1893. 
 
 Our Church Life (m). Vols. 7-12! 1900-1906. 2' v- F. 1907+ 
 See same title, under Beloit, Neenah, and Elroy. 
 
 Our Church Home. Vol. 1. Jan., Apr., Oct., 189'5. 
 Published by A. J. Kempton. Baptist. 
 
 Our Church Work, (m). Vols. 1-11. Dec, 1881— Sept., 1892. 2 v. F, 
 Founded Dec, 18S1 ; published by Wis. Home Missionary Society 
 (Cong.) ; edited by F. B. Doe and H. A. Miner, till Oct., 1883; conducted 
 thereafter by Miner, "in the interests of the Cong, and Presb. churches of 
 Wis. Convention." In Sept., 1892, consolidated with N. W. Congregation- 
 alism Minneapolis. 
 
 Citizen (d). Mar. Z\ — Apr. 2, 1894, 3 nos. 
 Local campaign paper. Democratic. 
 
 Co-operatob. July, 1899. 
 
 Continuation of Ogdensburg (Wis.) Reporter, and Hew Epoch, the latter 
 conducted by George Ratcliffe. Published by .Wis. Co-op. Union. File 
 bound with Wis. Labor Newspapers. 
 
 Critic (m). Vol. 1. 1897. Q. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1897, by Mrs. Alice S. Blount, and conducted by her till 
 suspension, July 17. 
 
 Madison Cyclist (m). Vol. 1. May — June, 1895. O. 
 
 Daily Democrat. Jan. — Mar., 1851. F*. Jan. — June, 1852. 2 v. Fs, 
 Daily edition of Wis. Democrat, q. v. 
 
 Madison Daily Democrat. May, 1868-1910. 100 v. Fs. 1911+ 
 
 Successor to Wisconsin Union, q. v. ; established May, 1868, by E. A. 
 Gordon, sold to J. B. and A. C. Parkinson, George Eaymer, and E. M. 
 Bashford, Apr., 1871 ; conducted by them five years ; Raymer and L. M. 
 Fay, Apr., 1876— July, 1890 (in partnership with H. W. Hoyt, June 1877— 
 Mar., 1883; with E. E. Bryant, Mar., 1883 — July, 1890). Since Sept., 
 1890, published by Democrat Ptg. Co., Raymer, Bryant, and others, Ray- 
 mer continuing as bead of Arm till July, 1911. Editors : George Raymer 
 most of the time, Apr., 1S71-1890 ;. George W. Gordon, 1870 ; J. B. 
 Parkinson, 1874-75; H. W. Hoyt, June, 1877-83 7 E. E. Bryant, 1883- 
 July 1890 ; since then, O. D. Brandenburg. Independent Democratic. 
 
 Wisconsin Democrat (w).- Oct., 1842 — May, 1844. F«. 
 
 Established Oct., 1842, by J. G. Knapp and John Delany ; purchased by 
 J. P. Sheldon (founder of Detroit Gazette) and George Hyer, Feb., 1843; 
 suspended Mar., 1844. Democratic. 
 
 Wisconsin Democrat (w). 1846 — Jan., 1851. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded by Beriah Brown, Jan., 1846 ; conducted by him till June, 
 1852, when merged in Argus, q. v. Issued daily (first In Madison) during 
 legislative session of 1851 (Jan. — Mar,). During Feb. — Mar., 1849, owned 
 by Bird & Conway, and supported Free-Soil doctrines. 
 
 [360] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Wisconsin Daily Democrat. Oct., 1865 — Apr., 1866. 2 v. F<s. 
 
 Third paper of this name ; established Oct., 1865, by Dudley W. Fernan- 
 dez and George Hyer ; united with Wis. Capitol, and succeeded by Wis. 
 Union, q. v. 
 
 Wisconsin Weekly Demooeat. Oct., 1865 — Apr., 1866. Fe. 
 File bound wittC Daily Democrat, 1865-66. 
 
 Madison Demokbat (w). Feb., 1858 — Nov., 1860. Fa. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1858, by F. A. Pfaff and S. Sekles ; sold to Charles J. 
 Palme, Oct., 1860 ; probably merged in Wis. Staats-Zeitung, soon after en- 
 suing election. Democratic, except under Palme, Republican. 
 
 Wis. Staats-Zeitung established Aug.. 1854, by A. Kruer ; edited later by 
 
 Fuchs, [Herman?] Lindeman, and E. Bullman ; published till at least 
 
 1861. Democratic, under Kruer ; afterwards Republican. See also later 
 papeT of same name. 
 
 Emigbanten (w). 1861. F«. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1852, at Inmansville (town of Avon, Rock County ; also 
 called Bornitz, by immigrants), by A. C. Preus, J. D. Reymert, and others 
 (Scandinavian Ptg. Assn.) ; edited by K. J. Fleischer; continued till June, 
 1854, when office was destroyed by hurricane. Democratic. 
 
 Revived Oct., 1854, apparently as Whig in politics ; T. J. Widvey and 
 C. S. Clausen were connected with Emiyranten about this time. Removed 
 to Janesville, some time in 1856; to Madison, about May, 1857; then con- 
 ducted by Fleischer and G. F. Dietrichson ; later, by C. F. Solberg. Re- 
 moved to La Crosse, and consolidated with Fwdrelandet, q. v., Sept., 
 1868. Republican after 1856. 
 
 Wisconsin Enquires (w). Nov., 1838-Nov., 1839. F«. Nov., 1839 — 
 June, 1843. F?. 
 
 First paper in Dane County ; founded Nov., 1838, by Josiah A. Noonan ; 
 conducted by him till Nov., 1840 (in partnership with C. C. Sholes, Apr. — 
 Nov., 1839, and July — Nov., 1840) ; Sboles alone four months ; George 
 Hyer, Apr.' 184] — Feb., 1842 (with Sholes the first two months); J. G. 
 Knapp, Feb. — July. 1842 ; Harrison Reed, two months ; Reed and Davis 
 Lambert, four months ; Lambert alone Jan. — June, 1843, when suspended. 
 Edited by Lambert after Sept., 1842. Styled Wiskonsan Enquirer by 
 Reed. Democratic. 
 
 Wisconsin Equity News (w). May, 1908+ F. 
 
 Founded May, 1908. by Wisconsin State Union of American Society of 
 Equity. Edited by Garrett M. Walrod till Jan., 1909 ; since then by M. 
 Wes Tubhs. Agricultural-economic. 
 
 Campaign Express (w). Oct.— Nov., 1848. F». 
 
 See Wis. Express, note. File bound with Tri-toeekly Express, 1847-48. 
 
 Madison Express (w). Dec, 1839-1847 (incomp.). 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Established Dec, 1839, by W. W. Wyman : conducted by him till sus- 
 pension, May, 1848. Associate editors, at various times : Daniel Mallo, 
 Julius T. Clark, William Welch, J. R. Brigham, and David Atwood (1848). 
 Styled Madison City Express after Apr., 1842. Issued tri-weekly during 
 second constitutional convention, and last Territorial legislature. Whig, 
 
 1 after July, 1840. See also Wis. Express and Campaign Express. 
 
 [361] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue - 
 
 Madison, Wis., continued: ' J 
 
 Tri-Weekly Expeess. Dec, 1847— Feb., 1848. Fb. 
 See Madison Express. 
 
 Wisconsin Express (w). Nov., 1848-50. F«. 1851— June, 1852. Ft. 
 Successor of Madison Express, q. v., which was purchased (Oct., 1848) 
 by David Atwood and Royal Buck. During first month, a small sheet was 
 issued styled Campaign Express, q. v. ; in Nov. appeared regular publica- 
 tion, styled Wisconsin Express; conducted by Atwood & Buck till June, 
 1852 ; then consolidated with Wis. Statesman, and succeeded by Wis. 
 State Palladium, q. t. (also Wis. Daily Express). Anti-slavery Whig. 
 Supported Winfleld Scott, 1852. 
 
 Wisconsin Daily Express. Jan. — Apr., 1852. Fb. 
 
 Daily edition of Wis. Express; issued during session of legislature. 
 
 Wisconsin Farm Journal (w). Sept., 1876 — July, 1877. F*. 
 
 Established Sept., 1876 by E. B. Bolens ; suspended July, 1877. File 
 bound with Weekly Star, 1877-78. 
 
 Farm und Hatjs (m). Vol. 1, Sept.-Nov., 1898. 
 
 Western Farmer (w). Vols. 21, 23-26. 1869; 1870, 8 nos. 1871-74. 
 Indexed. 5 v. in 3. F<>. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1868, by W. B. Davis, "to supersede Wis. Farmer after 
 Jan. 1, 1869" (but its vo'umes were numbered consecutively with those 
 of the latter) ; sold by Davis to D. M. and G. E. Morrow in Sept. follow- 
 ing ; conducted by them till Jan., 1875 ; then merged in Western Rural, 
 Chicago. In Dec, 1870, absorbed Northern Farmer, of Janesville. See 
 first Wis. Farmer. 
 
 Northern Farmer established (m) at Fond du Lac, Jan., 1863, as ad- 
 vertising sheet, by E. H. Jones & Bro. ; but in a few months secured regular 
 subscription list as agricultural journal. Sold by Jones Bros, to Fred D. 
 Carson, Feb., 1868 ; conducted by him eighteen months ; removed to Janes- 
 ville, July, 1869, and published by O. F. Stafford till Nov., 1870 ; then 
 merged in Western Farmer. Published semi-monthly, May — Dec, 1869 ; 
 then weekly. 
 
 Western Farmer (w). Vols. 1-9. 1882 — 1890. 6 v. in 4. F«-*. 
 
 Established Jan., 1882, by T. D. Plumb; conducted by him and son 
 Charles M., five years; Frank H. Willard, Jan., 1887 — Apr., 1891 (in 
 partnership with Walter II. Wharry, during first eight months ; with 
 Henry C. Adams and W. H. Morrison, after Sept., 1887) ; sold to George 
 B. Merrick, Apr., 1891, and styled Wis. Farmer, q. v. In 1885-86, organ 
 of Wis. Patrons of Husbandry ; absorbed Orange Bulletm (q. v. under 
 Oshkosh) May, 1885, retaining latter name as sub-title till Jan., 1887. 
 Edited by T. D. Plumb, Oct., 1890— Apr., 1891. 
 
 Wisconsin Farmer (w). Vols. 10-28. 1891-1909. 19' v. F*. 1910+ 
 Continuation of second Western Farmer, q. v. ; conducted by G. B. Mer- 
 rick, Apr., 1891 — Jan., 1893; then sold to stock company (J. D. Hull, 
 Robert B. Ogilvie. George E. Bryant, and others) ; conducted since then 
 by Farmer Pub. Co. (with branch office at Des Moines, la.). Edited by 
 J. H. S. Johnstone in 1 892 ; recently as part of the Pierce-Farm Weeklies, 
 edited by James Atkinson. 
 
 [362] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Wisconsin Farmer (s-m). Vols. 12-18. 1860-66. Indexed. 7 v. O. 
 
 Same (w). Vols. 19-20. 1867-68. F*. 
 
 Removed hither from Janesville, q. v. ; published by Mark Miller and S. 
 P. Lathrop till Nov., 1855; D. J. Powers and E. W. Skinner, 1856-57; 
 edited by J. W. Hoyt after Jan., 1857 ; Powers & Hoyt, 1858-59 ; D. J. 
 Powers & Co. (Powers, David Atwood, and Horace Rublee), one year; 
 edited by Ltoyt thereafter (assisted by E. E. Pratt, in 1866), till succeeded 
 by Western Farmer, q. v. Owned and published by M. Cullaton, Jan; — 
 July, 1861 ; Hoyt and Albert Wood, six months ; Cary M. Campbell, 1862 
 till his death, Nov., 1865 ; C. H. Allen, a short time ; then by W. B. Davis. 
 
 Wisconsin Farmer and Northwestern Cultivator (m). Vols. 7-11. 
 1855-59. Indexed. 5 v. O. 
 Vols. 1-3 published at Racine ; vols. 4-6 at Janesville. 
 
 Fest Zeitung (m). Feb — July, 1892. F«. 
 
 Devoted to Turnfest held at Madison, July 8-11, 1892. File bound 
 with Wis. Botschajter, 1892-93. 
 
 Field, Lawn and Garden (m). Vol. 1. Oct., 1874 — Jan., 1875. O. 
 Edited by Walter B. Davis and Joseph Bobbins. 
 
 Western Fireside (w). 1857. Fi. 
 
 Established Jan., 1857, by S. H. Carpenter; continued by him till Jan., 
 1858 (in partnership with William H. Holt during last two months), 
 when suspended. Non-political ; literary and family journal. Pile bound 
 with Stoughton Independent. 1857. 
 
 Free School Journal, and Teachers' Advocate (m). New series, vol. 
 1. Sept., 1850— Sept., 1851. O. 
 
 Successor of N. W. Educator, q. v. under Racine ; established Sept., 1850, 
 by James L. Enos, principal of Madison free school ; Samuel S. Randall 
 and Ira Mayhew, corresponding editors. 
 
 General Assembly Journal of the Presbyterian Church in the United 
 States (d). May 21— June 1, 1880. F. 
 
 Issued during Presbyterian General Assembly for 1880, held in Madison 
 that year. 
 
 Wisconsin Good Templar. 
 
 See same title under Ripon. 
 
 Grace Church Record (q; m, 1874). Vols. 1-2. July, 1872— Apr., 
 1873; Apr., 1874— Apr., 1875. Q. 
 
 Parish organ of Grace Church (Prot. Episc). No more issued. File 
 bound with Our Church Work, 1881-85. 
 
 High School News (w). Vol. 1. 1898— Feb., 1901. D-F. 
 
 Higher Law (w). Jan.— Apr., 1861. F*. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1861, by Herbert Reed ; E. B. Quiner, associate editor. 
 Suspended after three months. Literary, religious, and family journal ; 
 advocate of temperance. 
 
 [363] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Madison, Wis., continued: 
 
 Bomb Dairy (w; irreg). Vols. 1-3. .July, 1865 — Oct., 1873. 2 v. 0. 
 Vol. 4. Nov., 1873--Apr., 1895. Q. 
 
 Published by William Welch; edited by him and his son Victor J. (aided 
 by another son, William P., after Feb., 1875) ; removed to Minneapolis, 
 Apr., 1882. 
 
 Ideal Church (m). Dec, 1895 — May, 1896; Jan.— Feb., 1897. Q. 
 Published by Young People's Guild of Unitarian Church of Madison. 
 
 Independent (w). July, 1878 — Dec, 1879. F«. 
 
 Established Feb., 1878, at Evansville, by J. A. Sawin ; removed hither in 
 July following ; issued by Independent Pub. Co., and edited by Sawin till 
 Feb., 1879 ; then absorbed Western Advance, of Portage, q. v. ; conducted 
 then by Sawin and El. W. Stevens, eight months ; Stevens alone, Oct. — 
 Dec, 1879 ; then suspended. Supported Greenback party. File 1 bound 
 with Stoughton Courier, 1876-78. 
 
 Wisconsin State Journal (d). Sept., 1852— Apr. 1854. 3 v. F*. 
 May, 1854— June, 1869. 31 v. F«. July, 1869-94. 53 v. F?. 
 1895-1910. 43 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Same \(w). 1855-57. F*. 1858~60. Fs. 1861—63. F?. 1894- 
 
 1906. 21 y. F«. 
 
 Founded by David Atwood, Sept., 1852, as successor of Wis. Palladium; 
 conducted by him till his death, Feb., 1890 (in partnership with Horace 
 Rublee, May 1854 — May, 1869; with George Gary, Apr., 1855 — Jan., 1856; 
 with Harrison Reed, May, 1859 — June, 1861 ; with J. O. Culver, May, 
 1869 — Dec, 1876) . Since Feb., 1890, published by State Journal Ptg. Co. ; 
 Horace A. Taylor, editor-in-chief, Feb., 1890— Apr. 15, 1901 ; Amos P. 
 Wilder, Apr. 15, 1901 — Mar. 19, 1906 ; editorial and business manager, 
 August Roden, 1906-11; since summer of 1911, editor-in-chief has been 
 Richard Lloyd Jones. Among associate editors have been : A. J. Turner, 
 James Ross, and H. K\ Smith, some time before 1861 ; Harlan M. Page, 
 Apr., 1864-76; Charles D. Atwood, 1876— Feb., 1878; Levi Alden, 1873- 
 90; R. G. Thwaites, 1877-86; O. TV. Brandenburg. 1887— June, 1890; A. 
 J. Dodge, July, 1890 — June, 1894 ; and Amos P. Wilder (1894 — Apr., 
 1901). Absorbed Argus and Democrat, q. v., June, 1859. See "Fifty 
 Years Old," in State Journal of Aug. 16, 1889. Republican. 
 
 Northwestern Journal of Education, Science, and General Literature 
 (m). Nos. 1-3. Mar.— May, 1850. O. 
 Founded by O. M. Conover; suspended after third number. 
 
 Wisconsin Journal of Education (m). Vols. 3-9. 1858 — June, 1865. 
 
 7 v. O. 
 
 Removed hither from Racine, q. v. ; conducted by A. J. Craig till June, 
 1860 ; J. B. Pradt, five years. Each school district in Wisconsin was 
 supplied by the State with a copy of Journal, till 1864; the cessation of 
 State subscriptions caused suspension of the Journal in June, 1865. 
 
 Wisconsin Journal of Education (m). New series. Vols. 1-20. 1871- 
 1890. 20 v. O. Vols. 21-42. 1891-1910. 19 v, Q. 1911+ 
 
 Official organ of State department of public instruction, 1871-85 ; edited 
 by State Superintendent. In 1885, transferred to patronage of State 
 
 [364] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Teachers' Association, and J. W, Steams appointed editor; conducted by 
 him till 1902 (with A. O. Wright, after Jan., 1891, when Midland School 
 Journal, q v.. was absorbed by Journal of Education). Then bought by 
 William George Bruce, who conducted it for six months, then sold it 
 (1903) to Parker Educational Co. of Madison. Since then edited by Will- 
 ard N. Parker. 
 
 La Follette's Magazine (w). Jan., 1909+ Q. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1900 by Robert M. La Follette and since conducted by 
 him (Fred W. Mackenzie, managing editor). Independent and Progres- 
 sive Republican. 
 
 Wisconsin Landwirth (m). No. 1. Nov., 1861. 
 
 Herman agricultural journal ; published by Sekles and Frolich ; edited 
 by Simon Sekles. 
 
 Weekly Madisonian. June, 1894-1908. 4 v. F». 
 
 Founded June, 1894 ; published by Leo Sommers and Thomas Reynolds. 
 
 Northwestern Mail (w). June, 1889— July, 1905. 5 v. Ft. 
 
 Successor of Wis. Prohibitionist, q. v., May, 1SS9 ; retained latter name 
 as sub-title till Oct. following ; conducted by Nelson & North till June, 
 1891 ; Henry A. Miner till suspension July 21, 1905. Published at both 
 Madison and Milwaukee till Mar., 1890. Prohibitionist ; advocated "ap- 
 plied Christianity" and various reforms. 
 
 Mandt's Weekly. Dec, 1898— Oct., 1902. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1898, by G. G. Mandt, and conducted by him till Oct., 
 1902. Continued Nov. following by Scandinavian American, q, v. ; 
 since published by Scandinavian American Pub. Co. 
 
 Men of Madison (m). Nov., 1896— Nov., 1897. Q. 
 Organ of local V. M. C. A. 
 
 Madison Methodist (m). Vol. 1. Jan. — May, 1900. 
 
 Published by Madison District of West Wis. M. E. Conference. 
 
 Monona Lake Quarterly. July, 1891. Vols. 10-24. 1893— Jan., 1906. 
 F. 
 
 Organ of Wis. Sunday School Assembly ; published by the secretary, 
 James E. Moseley. 
 
 Motor (m). 1893— Oct., 1908. 2 v. F. 
 See W. C. T. U. State Work. 
 
 Municipality (m). Vols. 1-9. 1900-1909. 6 v. O. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1900, in interests of improved methods of local government, by 
 League of Wisconsin Municipalities. Edited by S. E. Sparling. 1900-Sept., 
 1907 ; since then by W. G. Kirchhoffer. 
 
 Western Naturalist (m). Vols. 1-2. Mar., 1887— Apr., 1888. O. 
 
 Published and edited by Frank A. Carr; devoted to natural history. 
 See also Wis. Naturalist, below. 
 
 Wisconsin Naturalist (m). Vol. 1. Aug., 1890— July, 1891. Indexed. 
 O. 
 Published by Charlts F. Carr. 
 
 [365] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Madison, Wis., continued: 
 
 New Day (w). Vol. 1. Mar., 1898. Q. 
 
 Evening News (d). July, 1887— Aug., 1889. 4 v. Fe. 
 
 Established July, 1887, by Burnett & Son; edited by Clarence Burnett; 
 sold to News Ptg. Co. (W. H. Bennett and^others), Sept., 1888, and stylei 
 Madison Evening News; suspended Aug., 1889. 
 
 News-Advebtiseb (w). Jan. — Aug., 1889. F». 
 
 Removed hither from Black Earth, q. v., Sept., 1888 ; published by News 
 Ptg. Co., and edited by Clarence Burnett ; suspended Aug., 1889. 
 
 Non-Pabtisan (tri-w). Vol. It Nos. 1-5. 1896. Q. 
 
 Nobmanden (w). Norwegian. 1895 — Mar., 1896. F«. 
 
 Successor of "Wis. Normannen, Stonghton, q. v. ; published by O. A. Bus* 
 lett, and edited by Jon Olafsson. Succeeded (1897) by Amerika, q. v. 
 
 Nordvesten (w). Norwegian. Sept., 1875-76. Ft. 
 
 Established Sept., 1875, by L. G. Grinde and Hans Spilde ; conducted by 
 them till Apr., 1876 ; Grinde and Jacob Ellertson, till Dec. following; then 
 taken over by Ellertson, but no more numbers published. In 1875, sup- 
 ported the People's Reform ticket ; in 1876, the Democratic. File bound 
 with Wis. Statesman, 1875-76. 
 
 Nobske Immigrant (w). Jan. — May, 1871. F». 
 
 Established Jan., 1871, by Edward Larssen ; apparently suspended the 
 same year. 
 
 Old Dane (w). 1897 — Mar., 1898. Fe. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1897, by G. G. Mandt, and conducted by him till Sept.; 
 then -by Old Dane Ptg. Co. till Aug., 1899 (edited by R. A. Andrews, 1899) ;. 
 W. H. Bennett, Aug. — Dec, 1899 ; since then by State Pub. Co. Inde- 
 pendent. Name changed to State q. v., Mar., 1898. 
 
 Old Oaken Bucket. 
 
 See same title under Racine. 
 
 Oob Paper (q; ann). Nos. 1-16. 1871-79. F. 
 
 Organ of First Cong. Church of Madison. No more numbers issued". 
 File bound with Our Church Work, 1881-85. 
 
 Owl (w). Nos. 1-12. Feb.— Apr., 1877. Q. 
 
 Literary and humorous articles by Madison literati; edited by Mrs. Anna 
 R. Sheldon. File bound with Weekly Star, Dec, 1877 — Aug., 1878. 
 
 Wisconsin Daily Palladium. June — Aug., 1852. Fs. 
 
 Established June, 1852, as successor of Express and Statesman, by At- 
 wood, Wymans & Buck ; suspended after eleven weeks. Whig. 
 
 Wisconsin State Palladium (w). June — Sept., 1852. F». 
 
 Weekly edition of Daily Palladium; after August, added name of States- 
 man as sub-title. File bound with Wis. Express, 1850-52. 
 
 Password (m). Sept., 1902. ' 
 
 [366] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Daily Madison Patbiot. Apr., 1876 — Mar., 1877. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Established Apr., 1876, by S. D. Carpenter and H. A. Tenney ; volumes 
 numbered consecutively with those of Daily Wis. Patriot, q. v. ; suspended 
 Mar., 1877, and sold to Milwaukee Commercial Times. Democratic-Green- 
 back. 
 
 Weekly Patbiot. Apr., 1876 — Mar., 1877. F6. 
 
 Wisconsin Patriot (w). July, 1854 — June, 1859. 2 v. F«. June, 1859- 
 
 63. 4 v. F7. 
 
 Founded June, 1854, by J. T. Marston and H. A. Tenney, and conducted 
 by them five months, during which daily edition (see below) was estab- 
 lished ; S. D. Carpenter, Nov., 1854 — Apr. 1864 (in partnership with S. H. 
 Carpenter, till July. 1856 ; with Eolla A. Law, one year ; with John T. 
 Martin, Aug., 1857 — Apr., 1858 ; with George Hyer, Apr., 1859 — Feb., 
 1864) ; Peter Stout, J. B. Hyer, and W. W. Bird (edited by A. B. Braley), 
 Apr. — Nov., 1864; then suspended. Beriah Brown was associate editor In 
 1859 ; James Boss, In 1863. Democratic. See also Daily Madison Pa- 
 triot. 
 
 Daily Wisconsin Patbiot. Nov., 1854 — June, 1856. 2 v. F«. July, 
 
 1856—1862. 14 v. FT. 1863-64. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Dane County Populist (w). Vol. 1. Nos. 1-9. Sept. — Nov., 1892. 
 F». 
 
 Campaign paper ; edited by C. H. Potter and O. L. Callecod ; styled Wis- 
 consin Populist Nov. 1. File bound with Wis. Laoor Papers Misc., 1890»- 
 94. 
 
 Wisconsin Poptjlist. 
 
 See Dane County Populist. 
 
 Wisconsin Pbohibitionist (w). Sept., 1884 — May, 1889. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1884, at Milwaukee, by Ira C. Edwards and Lemuel H. 
 Doyle ; sold by them to A. C. Stickle and George W. Horton, Mar., 1884, 
 and in Sept. following, removed to Madison ; conducted by Horton and hia 
 son, Augustus S., Sept., 1884 — June, 1886 ; then purchased by M. O. Nel- 
 son and D. W. North ; in May, 1889, styled N. W. Mail, q. v. Issued semi- 
 weekly, Sept. — Nov., 1886. 
 
 Radical Review (w). Vol. 1. Nov., 1881— Feb., 1882. Q. 
 
 Established Nov., 1881, by George Schumm ; advocated free-thought, 
 secularization of State, civil-service reform, etc. ; suspended Feb., 1882. 
 
 Madison Recobd (d). Vol. 1. Sept. 19, 1871. 
 Published by S. W. Martin. 
 
 Wisconsin Republican Leaguer (w). Vol. 1. Oct. 12, 24, 1894. 
 
 Scandinavian American (w). Nov., 1902 — Aug., 1905. F«. 
 Continuation of Mandt's Weekly, q. v. 
 
 Midland School Joubnal (m). Vols. 2-4. Oct., 1888— Dec, 1890. F*. 
 Edited by A. O. Wright, D. D. Mayne, and W. A. Thompson. Consoli- 
 dated, with Wis. Journal of Education, q. v., Jan., 1891. 
 
 [367] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Madison, Wis., continued: 
 
 School Visitor (m). May, 1896— Oct., 1902. Q. 
 
 Published by N. W. Business College. After Oct., 1899, styled N. W. 
 Business and Shorthand Journal. 
 
 Soldiers' Record (successively m, w, s-w, and m). June, 1869-73. F*. 
 
 Established Jan., 1866, by S. W. Martin ; conducted by him till Dec., 
 1875, when he removed it to Grand Rapids, Mich. Published monthly till 
 July, 1867; then weekly, till Nov., 1871; semi-weekly, Nov., 1871-72; 
 afterwards monthly. Assistant editors; S. E. Jones (1867), W. M. Pogo 
 (Aug.. 1868-69), N. C. Strong (Jan.— June, 1870), W. H. Noyes (July- 
 Sept, 1870). J. P. Switzer was proprietor, Feb. — Sept., 1870. Dally 
 edition issued, Sept.-Nov., 1871 ; edited by J. G. Knapp. Devoted to in- 
 terests of Wisconsin soldiers in the War of Secession ; contains much regi- 
 mental history, and other military records ; was, at one time, organ of 
 Grand Army of the Republic. Republican, till 1871 ; then Independent. 
 
 Wisconsin Staats-Zeitung (w). Dec, 1878 — Sept., 1889. Apr., 1891- 
 1908. 15 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 
 Second paper of this name (see Demolzrat) ; founded Dec, 1878, by H. 
 Kleinpell and Carl G. Schmidt ; conducted by them till Jan., 1882 ; Schmidt 
 till Mar., 1885 (continuing as editor till May, 1888) ; Wis. Staats-Zeitung 
 Pub. Co., Mar., 1885— Jan., 1887 ; Bernhard Esser, till Aug., 1889 (Julius 
 Keuling,' editor, May-Aug., 1899) ; Gustav Lyser and George Dein- 
 inger, Aug., 1889 — Mar., 1891 ; Baumann & Wolfe, Mar., 1891 — Sept., 
 1892 ; Wis. Staats-Zeitung Co., till Apr., 1912, when sold to Wis. Bot- 
 schajter, q. v., which after the following June issued Staats-Zeitung on 
 Friday of each week, and Botschajter on Tuesday. Edited by Carl Geb- 
 hardt after Oct., 1890. Formerly Independent; now Democratic. 
 
 Daily Star. Mar. — Nov., 1877. F*. 
 
 Established Mar., 1877, by E. B. Bolens ; suspended in following Nov. 
 Democratic. 
 
 Weekly Star. Dec, 1877 — Aug., 1878. -Fs. 
 
 Weekly edition of Daily Star; founded July, 1877 ; conducted by Bolens 
 till its suspension, Aug., 1878. 
 
 State (w). Mar.— Dec, 1908 (with Old Dane) ; 1899-1908. 5 v. F« 
 1909 + 
 See Old Dane. 
 
 Bulletin of the Executive Committee of the State Grange of Wiscon- 
 sin, P. of H. (m). Jan. — June, 1875. F. 
 
 Established by Joseph H. Osborn, state railroad commissioner, Jan., 
 1875 ; removed to Oshkosli, q. v., in following July. 
 
 W. C. T. U. State Work (m). 1886-92. F. 
 
 Established May, 1886, as organ of Woman's Christian Temperance 
 Union of Wisconsin. Styled Our State Work (May, 1886 — Aug.. 1888), 
 W. C. T. V. State Work (Sept., 1888-Tune, 1892), Motor, q. v. (July, 
 1892, to date) . Editors : Emma C. Bascom, Mary M. Eaton (May, 1886 — 
 July, 1887), Helen R. Olin (May, 1886-Nov., 1888), Ellen W. Lamb (Aug., 
 1887— June, 1890), Emma J. Curtis (Aug., 1887 — June, 1891), Amy K. 
 Morse (July, 1890— June, 1891), Maria F. Hanchett (1891-1909), Mrs. 
 C. R. Benjamin (1909-Nov.. 1910) ; since then, Mrs. M. E. B. Thompson. 
 Prohibitionist ; also advocates non-sectarian religion. 
 
 [368] 
 
Wis 
 
 consin 
 
 Daily Statesman. Jan.— Apr., 1852. F«. 
 See Wis. Statesman. 
 
 Wisconsin Statesman (w). Aug., 1850 — Sept., 1852. FT 
 
 Founded Aug., 1850, by W. W. and A. U. Wyman (William Welch, asso- 
 ciate editor) ; conducted by them (in partnership with William A. Bugh, 
 during last six mouths) till June, 1852; llien succeeded by Wis. State 
 Palladium, q. v. Whig. 
 
 Wisconsin Statesman (w). July, 1875 — Oct., 1876. FT 
 
 Successor of Wis. Granger, July, 1875 ; conducted by E. B. Bolens ; sus- 
 pended Oct., 1876. Independent Democratic ; advocated Interests of Wis. 
 Patrons of Husbandry ("Grangers"). 
 
 Wis. Granger (w) was successor of Dodge Co. Democrat, Beaver Dam; 
 founded (m) Apr., 1873, under title of Sun; removed hither Oct., 1874, by 
 Bolens, and given this new title. 
 
 Students' Miscellany (m). Vols. 1-2. Jan., 1857 — Oct., 1858. O. 
 
 Published by students of State University (during the first year, by the 
 Athenaean Society) : among its editors were II. W. Hubbell, E. O. Hand, 
 L. S. Clark, Samuel Fallows, K. R. Dawes, A. C. Botkin, G. W. Bird, W. 
 F. Vilas, and J. B. Parkinson. 
 
 Western Templar (w). Aug., 1886-87. F«. 
 
 Founded at Mineral Point, Aug., 1875, as Wis. Temperance Journal (m), 
 by Phil Allen and Teasdale; conducted by them till Dec, 1885; pub- 
 lished semi-monthly after 1876 ; suspended Mar. — Aug., 1881. In Dec, 
 1885, sold by Allen & Teasdale to W. N. Stone, of Lancaster ; in Mar. fol- 
 lowing, styled Western Good Templar, as organ of order of that name. 
 Purchased by Henry II. Roser, Aug., 1886, removed to Madison and styled 
 Western Templar — official organ of Good Templars for Western states; 
 conducted by Roser (in partnership with Frank A. Carr, Mar. — June, 
 1887), till Feb., 1888 (under title of Western Good Templar, after Feb., 
 1887) ; then sold to stock company, and united with International Good 
 Templar, and removed to Milwaukee, q. v. In June, 1887, absorbed Iowa 
 ■Prohibitionist (retaining its name as a subtitle for some time), and there- 
 after published weekly. 
 
 International Good Templar was established at Mauston, Jan., 1888, by 
 B. F. Parker, as organ of R. W. Grand Lodge of Good Templars ; edited by 
 Dr. Oronhyatekha, of London, Ont. See Milwaukee. 
 
 Western Templar (m). Nos. 1-11. Aug., 1888— July, 1889. P. 
 
 Official organ of Temple of Honor ; styled Western Templar of Honor, 
 Jan., 1880 ; edited by F. H. Grube. No more published. 
 
 Third District Republican. Apr. 27, 1882. 
 
 American Thresherman (m). Vols. 1-10. 1898-1908. 9 v. P«. 
 
 Founded May., 1898, by B. B. Clarke, and since edited by him. Now 
 published by American Thresherman (inc.). 
 
 Madison Times (d). June, 1892— July, 1893. 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded June. 1892, by Clarence Clark, W. C. Donovan, and others; 
 edited by Elias McEwen, William Donovan, and W. J. P. McFail. Re- 
 moved to Milwaukee, q. v. 
 
 Madison Daily Union. 
 
 See Daily Wis. Union, note. , , 
 
 i 24— N. O. [ 369 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Madison, Wis., continued: 
 
 Daily Wisconsin Union. Apr. — Dec, 1866. F«. Jan., 1867 — Feb., 1868. 
 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Successor of Wis. Capitol and Wis. Democrat, q. v. ; founded (d and w) 
 by George Hyer, E. A. Calkins, and D. W. Fernandez, Apr., 1866 ; sold by 
 them to L. V. Montanye, Feb., 1867 ; in following Sept. purchased by J. 6. 
 Knapp and Samuel Jones ; suspended Feb., 1868. Styled Madison Daily 
 Union, Apr.-Sept., 1867 ; after that, Wis. Daily Union. 
 
 University Peess (m; s-m, Jan., 1871). Vols. 1-6. June, 1870 — Dec, 
 1875. 6 v. in 2. Fs. Vols. 6-13. Sept., 1875— June, 1882. 8 v. 
 in 2. Q. 
 
 Same (w). Vols. 14-18. Sept., 1882— Oct., 1886. 5 v. in 3. Q. 
 
 Founded by George W. Kaymer, and conducted by him till Apr., 1871 ; 
 J. W. Bashford and H. M. Wells, Apr., 1871 — Aug., 1873 ; L. M. Fay and 
 others, Aug., 1873 — Dec, 1875. Thereafter edited by committees of State 
 University students ; managing editors were as follows : J. W. Hiner, 
 1875 ; S. W. Trousdale, 1876 ; Howard Morris, 1877 ; E. M. La Follette, 
 1877-79 ; H. J. Desmond, 1880 ; A. L. Stoughton, 1880-81 ; W. 3. Mutch, 
 J. C. Hart, 1882 ; Miss B. J. Sarles, 1883 ; A. J. Hilbert, 1883-84 ; A. G. 
 Briggs, 1884-85 ; G. W. Brown, 1885 ; H. S. Shedd, 1885-86 ; J. E. McCon- 
 nell, 1886. Absorbed Badger Sept., 1885 ; styled University Press and 
 Badger till June, 1886. Merged in Sigis, q. v., Oct., 1886. 
 
 Vikingen (w). Norwegian and English. Aug., 1888 — June, 1889. F«. 
 Published by Ole A. Troan. 
 
 Vox Popum (w). Vol. 1, No. 1. Feb. 5, 1849. 
 
 Wisconsin Alumni Magazine (m). Vols. 1-10. 1899-1910. O. 1911-)- 
 Published by Alumni Assn. of University of Wisconsin. 
 
 Wisconsin Issue. 
 
 See same title under Milwaukee. 
 
 Daily Wobkeb. Jan. — Mar., 1875. Q. 
 
 Published by S. D. Carpenter ; advocated legislation regulating railroads. 
 File bound with Madison Daily Patriot, Apr. — Sept., 1876. 
 
 Maiden Rock 
 
 Weekly Peess. Nov., 1892— Sept., 1897. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established Sept., 1892, by Alfred E. Eoese ; conducted by him and W. 
 W. Walsingham till absorbed, Oct., 1897, by Osceola Sun, q. v. Republi- 
 can. 
 
 Manitowoc 
 
 Manitowoc Citizen (w). Sept., 1898— July, 1909. 5 v. Fe. 
 
 Consolidation (Sept., 1898) of Tribune, q. v. and St. Nasiann Weekly. 
 Since published by Citizen Pub. Co. 
 
 Wisconsin Demokbat (w). July, 1854 — Dec, 1855. F«. 
 
 Established Oct., 1853, by Carl KSser, as a German Free-Soil organ ; 
 sold by him (probably Apr., 18541 to Adolf Wallich, and styled Union 
 [ 370 ] I 
 
w 
 
 isconsm 
 
 Demokrat; suspended Aug., 1864. Reyived Jan., 1866, by Wallich ; later, 
 published by Otto Troemel, under title of Zeitung; after his death (Feb, 
 1873), published by Charles Wedelstedt ; purchased by Fred. Heinemann 
 about July, 1875, and styled Journal; suspended about 1877. Indepen- 
 dent, for some time ; in later years, Democratic. File bound with Nord- 
 Westen, 1874-75. 
 
 Diocese of Fond du Lac (m). Mar. — Dec., 1899. Q. 
 See same title under Fond du Lac. 
 
 Manitowoc Heeald (w). Apr., 1854-62. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Established Not., 1850, by C. W. Fitch ; a few early numbers were 
 printed in Sheboygan ; merged in Tribune, q. v., Feb., 1863. War Demo- 
 crat. 
 
 Heeald (d). 1899 1 — June, 1909. 21 v. F«. July, 1909-1910. 3 v. 
 
 FT. 1911 + 
 
 Founded 1898. Published by Brandt Ptg. Co. till Feb., 1899 ; since 
 then, Herald Press Co. 
 
 Noed-Westen (w). 1874-77. 3 v. Ft. 1878-1909. 24 v. F«. 1910+ 
 Founded 1855, by Carl H. Schmidt ; oldest paper now published in Mani- 
 towoc County ; suspended, 1861 — Feb., 1865, during Schmidt's absence in 
 the Union army ; conducted by him till his death, Jan., 1888 (except Apr. — 
 Dec, 1875, by William Menge and Henry Schweitzer) ; Nord-Westen Ptg. 
 Co., till Apr., 1893 ; since then by Mrs. Carl H. Schmidt. Edited by 
 Hubert Folge, Jan. — May, 3 888; since then by Carl G. Schmidt (except 
 May — Aug., 1893, by H. E. Kunimer). Tri-weekly edition issued Oct., 
 1857 — Apr., 1859. Democratic. 
 
 Noed-Westen Sontagsblatt (w). 1874-81; Dec, 1883-Aug., 1886. 4 v. F. 
 Sunday edition of Nord-Westen; published since Jan., 1867. File for 
 1877 bound with Nord-Westen. 
 
 Manitowoc Pilot (w). June, 1859-70. 2 v. F«. 1871-75; 1877-99. 
 
 10 v. Ft. 1900-1909. 5 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded July, 1859, by .Tere Crowley. Publishers and editors : Crow- 
 ley, nine years (associate editors : William R. Kelley, June, 1866-67 ; John 
 M. Read, June— Dec, 1868); E. B. Treat, July, 1869— July, 1870; J. C. 
 Bollmeyer, Aug., 1870— May, 1871 ; T. G. Olmsted, May, 1871— Mar., 1876, 
 when John Nagler became associate editor. In Apr., 1878, bought by Nagle 
 and Edward Borchert ; conducted by them till 1888 ; then by Nagle till his 
 death, Mar., 1900. Bought soon after by Dr. W. H. Earles of Milwaukee; 
 edited by Sydney T. Pratt till 1903. Since then published by Pilot Pub. 
 Co.; edited by E. W. Mackey. A. C. Schmidt, and Laird Easton till June, 
 1904 ; since then by A. F. Elmergreen and E. S. Crowe. Democratic. 
 
 Manitowoc Post (w). German. Jan., 1899-1909. 6 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1881 by Adolph Wittman, and conducted by him till 1896 (with 
 
 Brandt, 1888-93) ; Baensch & Gennrich, 1896-Nov., 1909 ; since then, 
 
 Manitowoc Ptg. Co. 
 
 Lake Shore Times (w). Oct., 1881— Sept., 1889. 3 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Oct.. 1881, by Fred Haukohl and Emil Baensch ; conducted by- 
 them till Jan., 1884 ; J. S. and E. M. Anderson, 1884— Aug., 1887 ; H. G. 
 Kress till suspension, Sept., 1889. Republican. 
 
 [371] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Manitowoc, Wis., continued: 
 
 Manitowoc Tribune (w). 1854-56. F«. Feb., 1857-59; 1861— July, 
 1865; Mar., 1867— Feb., 1874; Aug., 1874— Apr., 1878. 9 v. Ft. 
 
 -Same (d). 1858— June, 1861. 6 v. Fs. 
 
 Same (d, tri-w, s-wO*. July, 1861 — July, 1863. F=. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1854, by S. W. Smith, ; conducted by him thirteen years 
 (in partnership with Carl Roser, during first six months ; with J. N. Stone, 
 Not., 1857 — June, 1859) ; edited by Smith (except during two absences to 
 the Federal army ; June — Sept., 1864, L. N. Wheeler and H. Sibree were 
 substitute editors ; and Apr. — July, 1865, Smith's chair was occupied by 
 Julius Enert). Conducted by 0. B. Smith, W. Lyon, and Julius Enert, 
 1867 — June, 1869 ; F. Borcherdt, June, 1869— Sept., 1874 ; John B. Miller 
 and Ed. Borcherdt, Sept., 1874 — Apr., 1875 ; Borcherdt alone, till Apr., 
 1878, when Tribune was merged in Pilot, q. v. Styled Manitowoc WeeMy 
 Tribune, June, 1858-65. Issued daily, June, 1858-Not., 1861, which then 
 became tri-weekly, and semi-weekly Sept., 1862 ; discontinued Aug., 1863. 
 Semi-weekly edition again started Jan., 1874 ; discontinued following Sep- 
 tember. Independent, 1854-55 ; Free Democrat, 1856-57 ; thereafter, Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Manitowoc Tribune (w). May, 1879 — Sept., 1898. 7 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded May, 1879, by Henry Sandford and William Christie ; published 
 by Sandford (with Mark Sandford, associate editor) till 1897; Citizen 
 Pub. Co., 1897 — Sept., 1898 (Edwin E. Barrett, editor). Then combined 
 with St. Nasiane Weekly, and styled Manitowoc Citizen, q. v. Republican. 
 
 Tribune (d). June, 1909 — Apr., 1910 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded 1905 ; published by Tribune Ptg. Co., June — Oct., 1909 ; Feuer- 
 pfeil & Bruins, Oct., 1909 — Apr., 1910 ; then removed to Appleton. Labor. 
 
 Wahrheit (w). Nov., 1896-1908. 6 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1896 by C. Otto Schmidt, and conducted by him till Feb., 1907 ; 
 A. Baler, Feb., 1907 — May, 1910 ; since then, Alexander M. G. Dusold. 
 Democratic. 
 
 Marathon 
 
 Marathon Times (w). 1910+ Fe. 
 
 Founded 1909. Published by Frank Leuschen. 
 
 Marinette 
 
 Marinette and Peshtigo Eagle (w). Sept., 1871— Mar., 1879. 2 v. 
 Ft. Apr., 1879— Aug., 1880. Fb. Sept., 1880— -Oct., 1886. 3 v. 
 
 F6. 
 
 See Eagle. 
 Eagle (w; s-w). Oct., 1886— June, 1907. 13 v. F«. 
 
 Established June, 1871, by Luther B. Noyes ; published by him, four 
 years : Henry Harris, Jan. 1875— Jan., 1880 ; Noyes, till Sept., 1888 ; since 
 then, Eagle Ptg. Co. Edited by L. B. Noyes, 1871-75 and 1880-91 ; L. B. 
 and Frank E. Noyes, 1891 — Apr., 1893 ; since then, Frank E. Noyes. 
 Styled Eagle since 4 May, 1885. Issued semi-weekly, Oct., 1888-Aug., 
 J.888, and after Mar., 1901. Republican. 
 [ 372 ] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Daily Eagle. Aug. 13-16, 1888; Dec, 1894-1903. 18 v. Fa. 
 
 In autumn of 1888, published five numbers then suspended ; resumed 
 May, 18HJ! ; published by Eagle Ptg. Co., and edited by Frank E. Noyes 
 till 1903, whun consolidated with North Star (q. y.) ; since then styled 
 Eagle-Star (q. v.). and published by Noyes & Le Roy. 
 
 Eagle-Stab (d). 1903-1910. 22 v. Fa. 1911+ 
 
 Same (w). Aug., 1903— June, 1907. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Consolidation (1003) of North Star and Eagle, q. v. 
 
 Fobposten (w). Swedish. Nov., 1894 — June 1909. 6 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1892 by James M. EnstrOm, and conducted by him till Oct., 
 1899 ; Forposten Pub. Co., and Swedish Ptg. Co., Oct., 1899 — Jan., 1905, 
 and Jan., 1905-June, 1909, respectively; Gustav L. Forsen, manager since 
 Oct., 1899. In July, 1909, bought by Tribunen, q. v. 
 
 Independent (w). Aug. — Nov., 1886. Fs. 
 
 With Marinette Eagle, Aug., 1885-Oct., 1886. Published by J. S. 
 Payne & Sons. No more issued. 
 
 Laborer (w). June 2, 1888. 
 
 Marinette Star (w). Aug., 1901— July, 1903 (incomp.). Fa. 
 
 Same (d). Oct., 1901— Aug., 1903. 6 v. Fa. 
 
 See North Star. 
 
 Nobth Stab (w). Feb., 1882— Feb., 1885 (1883 incomp.). Fa. 
 
 Founded, Oct., 1880, by James Russell and Jere C. Murphy ; conducted 
 by them till June, 1881 ; Murphy, two years (in partnership with L. L. 
 Northrup, till August, 1882 ; with Charles H. Swift, Nov., 1882 — Jan., 
 1883 ; with Theodore S. Payne, six months) ; George W. Bauder, July, 
 1883-86; C. M. Fairchild, 1886-1901; Star Pub. Co., till 1903, when con- 
 solidated with Eagle, q. v. Styled Marinette Star in 1903. Daily issued 
 since May, 1895. Democratic, at first; Republican under Fairchild. 
 
 Times (w). Feb.— Aug., 1893. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1893 by A. D. Per?oli and J. Larsen. Short-lived. File 
 bound with Wis. Labor Newspapers, 1870-90. 
 
 Tbibunen (w). July, 1909+ Fa. 
 
 Founded 1894. Published by Swedish Ptg. Co. (Emil Lund, editor), 
 till 1896 ; Carlson & Olsen, 1896-99 ; O. B. Olsen, 1899-1909 ; since then, 
 Swedish Ptg. Co. again. Absorbed Forposten (q. v.), July, 1909. 
 
 Markesan 
 
 Green Lake County Democrat (w). 1881— July, 1884. 2 v. F«. 
 Sept., 1884— Sept., 1885. 
 
 Removed hither from Princeton, q. v., June, 1881 ; conducted by S. D. 
 Goodell till autumn of 1884 ; then D. C. Gowdy ; suspended a year or two 
 later. 
 
 Markesan Joubnal (w). Feb.— Oct., 1861. F«. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1859, by W. Chapel and Morrison ; sold by them to 
 
 George. S. Shepherd, Apr., 1860; conducted by J. B. Pond, Nov., 1860 — 
 [373] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Markesau, Wis., continued: 
 
 Oct., 1861 ; then suspended. Revived in Mar., 1862, by John Parker and 
 O. F. Bardwell ; but suspended in Sept. following. Republican. File 
 bound with Berlin Oourant, 1859-62. 
 
 Marquette 
 
 Marquette Express. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1858, by Frank Hyde ; see Oxford. 
 
 Marshfleld 
 
 Marshfield Times (w). Sept., 1883— June, 1892. 3 v. Ft. July, 1892- 
 1908. 8 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1879, by C. H. Clark ; published by him till Sept., 1882 ; 
 C. A. Coon, till May, 1885; Thomas S. Norton, May, 1885 — July, 1891; 
 from that time, by J. W. DeGroff, till his death, Dec, 1895 (edited by J. 
 H. White, since May, 1895). Bought May 15, 1899, by Williams & Be 
 Groff ; conducted by them till Jan., 1900 ; Williams & White, Jan., 1900 — 
 Jan., 1901 ; Williams & Bailey, Jan., 1901 — Jan., 1909 ; since then, Marsh- 
 field Times Co. (A. L. MacFarlane, president; R. R. Williams, editor). 
 In June, 1883, absorbed Gazette (founded June, 1882) ; styled Times and 
 Gazette from that time till May, 1885. Republican. 
 
 Mauston 
 
 Juneau County Chronicue (w). Dec, 1892-1909. 9 v. Pe. 1910+ 
 
 Successor of BVroy Chronicle, q. v. ; conducted by M. S. and Grace M. 
 Parker till Sept., 1895. They then moved plant to Fort Atkinson and 
 started Ft. Atkinson Chronicle, q. v., but sold good-will to Willard Temple 
 and ■ ■ Wetherby, who continued the Mauston paper ; Wetherby with- 
 drew, Jan. 1, 1900. Published by Temple till Sept., 1901; Cammack & 
 Buckingham, Sept., 1901 — Jan., 1902 ; Cammack, Jan. — May, 1902 ; Tem- 
 ple & Cammack, May, 1902-Jan., 1905 ; since then, Temple. 
 
 Mauston Star (w). June — Nov., 1857; June — Dec., 1859; Sept., 1860- 
 82. 8 v. F<s. 1883-90. 3 v. Ft. 1891-1908. 9 v. F». 1909+ 
 Oldest paper in Juneau County ; established June, 1857, by a company 
 of business men, and edited by D. McBride ; conducted by him till 1858 ; 
 B. E. Stevens (with M. Stevens, till June, 1859), June, 1858-June, 1860; 
 John Turner, June, 1860-Aug., 1878 (in partnership with B. E. Stevens, 
 till Dec, 1861) ; J. T. and C. G. Sprague till Nov. 1, 1898; since then, Tur- 
 ner again. Published "Sketches of Old Settlers," by J. T. Hanson, May, 
 1887 — Sept., 1888 ; and "History of Mauston Press," Dec. 29, 1892 : Re- 
 publican (except under Stevens, non-partisan). 
 
 Juneau County Sun (w). Mar., 1885-89. 2 v. Ft. 1890. F«. 
 
 Successor of Yellow River Lumberman (removed hither from Necedah, 
 q. v., Jan., 1885) ; published by Will C. Brawley (in partnership with 
 E. S. Weatherby, till Nov., 1885 ; then O. W. Parker, till Jan., 1887) ; 
 suspended Dec, 1889. Revived two weeks later by D. T. Lindley; 
 merged in Star in Nov. following. Absorbed Wonewoc Enterprise, q. T., 
 Nov., 1885. Democratic (except under Lindley, Republican). 
 
 [374] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Mayville 
 
 Telephone (w). July, 1877 — Jan., 1879. F«. 
 
 Established July, 1877, by Charles A. Pettibone and John A. Barney; 
 Pettlbone became sole proprietor, Feb., 1879, and removed paper to Ju- 
 neau, q. y. 
 
 Mazomanie 
 
 American Mebino (m). 1882-83. F*; Q. 
 
 Conducted by F. D. & A. H. Craig, in interests of sheep-raising. 
 
 Sickle (w). 1884 — Mar., 1888. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established Mar., 1874, by M. F. Satterlee and H. W. Bessac; after 
 second number, purchased by D. W. and S. E. Bronson, and continued by 
 them (in partnership with G. C. Draper, after July, 1880) till Not., 
 1882 ; then sold to F. W. Johns and F. D. Craig, and continued by Johns 
 (alone, after June, 1883) ; since 1894, conducted by H. L. Swan. Edited 
 by R. C. Evans during 1881. Independent. 
 
 Weekly Sickle. Mar., 1874-83. 4 v. Fo. 
 
 Medford 
 Taylor County News (w). April, 1875— Aug., 1878. Ft. 
 
 Established Mar., 1875, by John A. and F. E. Ogden ; conducted after 
 Dec, 1875, by J. A. Ogden (in partnership with George M. Patchen, 
 Mar. — Sept., 1877, and then with Herman K. Pitcher), till Dec, 1877; 
 then merged in Taylor Co. Star, q. v. Republican. 
 
 Taylor County News (w). 1878— Apr., 1881. F». 
 
 Established Jan.. 1878 (volumes numbered consecutively with those of 
 former Aew«) ; issued by News Pub. Co. (G. W. Adams and others) ; 
 In following May, Adams sold his interest to T. B. McCourt and J. H. 
 Wheelock : two months later, Wheelock's interest was purchased by T. G. 
 Jeffers. Edited by Edgar T. Wheelock during first five months; then 
 by McCourt, til] Nov., 1879; probably suspended in Apr., 1881. Demo- 
 cratic. File for 18S0 — Apr. 1881, bound with Taylor County Star and 
 News, 1881-82. 
 
 Taylor County Star and News (w). Feb.— Aug., 1878. Ft. Aug., 
 1878-1909. 16 v. Fe. 19104- 
 
 Founded March, 1876, by G. L. Loope, as successor of Black Creek 
 Journal, removed hither; in following May, sold to E. R. Prink, but edi- 
 ted by Ed. Gordon and G. M. Patchen. In Dec, 1876, they were suc- 
 ceeded by S. A. Coming ; and he by E. B. Morley, June, 1877. Sold to 
 Singleton B. Hubbell, in following December; absorbed first Taylor Co. 
 Seres, immediately thereafter ; continued by Hubbell, till Sept., 1879 (in 
 partnership with K. B. Morley during first eight months ; thereafter with 
 E. T. Wheelock) ; Wheelock, till Jan., 1895 ; Peter Danielson till Nov., 
 1901 (S. W. Ingham, editor Dec, 1900 — Apr., 1901) ; J. H. Waggoner 
 and J. E. Harris, Nov., 1901 — Sept.. 1902 ; Waggoner and W. S. Withers, 
 Sept., 1902 — Oct., 1904; Withers, Oct.. 1904— June, 1908; since then, 
 Arthur J. Latton. Styled Taylor Co. Star and Taylor Co. yews, under 
 Hubbell. Republican (except under Corning, Independent), till 1904; 
 now Progressive Republican. 
 
 [375] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Medford, Wis., continued: 
 
 Waijjbote (w). Feb., 1895-1908. 7 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Dec, 1883 ; published by German Pub. Co. ; edited by Joseph 
 Brucker till 1890 ; since then, Franz Markns. "Organ of German settle- 
 ments in Wisconsin." 
 
 Mellen 
 
 Northland-Bethany Record (q; m). Jan., Apr., 1900; Mar. — Aug., 
 1903. Q. 
 Moved to Hurley, q. v. 
 
 Menasha 
 
 Menasha Advocate (w). June, 1854— Sept., 1856 : . Fs. 
 
 Founded by Jere Crowley, Oct., 1853 ; sold by him to Edgar P. More- 
 house, July, 1856 ; suspended in following October. Democratic. 
 
 Menasha Evening Breeze (d). July, 1897 — Nov., 1900. 7 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1884 by Jacob R. Bloom. Sold in 1904 to S. Elmer Smith, 
 and leased by him to Charles W. Lamb. Conducted by Lamb till 1906 ; 
 since then, A. Duane Clinton, for Menasha Ptg. Co. (controlled by S..H. 
 Clinedest). Styled Menasha Record since 1904. Eepublican. 
 
 Our Church Life (m). Nov., 1898-1900. F. 
 See same title, under Beloit. 
 
 Menasha Conservator (w). Aug., 1858 — Mar., 1860. F». 
 
 Removed hither in Aug., 1858, from Neenah, q. v.; conducted by Ross 
 Bros, till Feb., 1859 (with B. S. Heath, editor) ; Heath (with J. B. 
 Hyer, June — Sept., 1859 ; with J. A. Watrous, after Nov., 1859) till 
 suspension, about March, 1860. Republican. File for Jan. — Mar., 1860, 
 bound with Winnebago Co. Papers. 
 
 Diocese of Fond du Lac (m). June, 1896 — Dec, 1897. Q. 
 See same title under Fond du Lac. 
 
 Weekly Manufacturer. June, 1861 — July, 1862. pe. 
 
 Founded June; 1861. Issued at Neenah and Menasha by William M. 
 Watt. 
 
 Pi Beta Phi Arrow (q). Vol. 13. 1896-97; Vol. 14. 1897-98, 3 nos.; 
 Vols. 15-16. 1898-1900; Vol. 17. 1901, 1 no.; Vols. 18-20. 1901- 
 1904; Vol. 21. 1904-1905, 3 nos.; Vol. 22. 1905-1906, 3 nos.; Vol. 
 23. 1907, 1 no.; Vol. 25. 1908-1909', 4 nos.; Vol. 26. 1909-1910, 
 3 nos. 6 v. O. 
 
 Menasha Press (w). 1872-86. 5 v. Ft. 1887— June, 1896. 5 v. F«. 
 Successor of Winnebago Co. Press, Neenah, q. v. Conducted by T. B. 
 Reid till Aug., 1877; W. H. Walker and George B. Pratt, Aug., 1877— 
 June, 1881 ; Arthur J. Dodge, June, 1881— Aug., 1882 ; L. A. Cates, till 
 Oct., 1883 ; C. F. Augustin, till 1898 ; Dunham & Deets in 1899. Edited 
 by C. J. Augustin, Oct., 1883-90 ; afterwards by G. E. Augustin. Daily 
 
 | issued by Cates, Aug. — Oct., 1883 ; and again by Augustin, Mar. — D*"C., 
 
 [ 376 ] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 1885. Styled Saturday Evening Press since Dec, 1887. Republican. 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 Menasha Record. 
 
 See Evening Breeze. 
 
 Menomonie 
 
 Menomonie Badges (w). Vol. 1. Oct., 1903 — May, 1904. F*. 
 
 Founded by Thomas Dreer, and conducted by him till suspension, May, 
 1904. Juvenile. 
 
 Dunn County News (w). May — Dec, 1866; Aug., 1871-75; 2 v. F?. 
 1876-1908. 16 v. F«. 1909 + 
 
 Established Apr., 1860, as Dunn Co. Lumberman, by the lumber firm 
 of Knapp, Stout & Co. ; edited by C. S. Bundy, till July, 1861 ; B. B. 
 Bundy till May, 1862; Thomas Phillips, till 1865. Published and edited 
 by E. G. Benjamin, 1865 — Aug., 1867 (with Charles E. Mears, Apr.— 
 Sept., 1866; in August, styled Dunn Co. News). Purchased Aug., 186T, 
 by William Wilson and A. J. Messenger; conducted by them (edited by 
 S. W. Hunt) till Aug., 1871 ; R. J. Flint and E. H. Weber till the latter'a 
 death, Jan.; 1898 ; Flint alone, 1898— Nov., 1900 ; Flint and F. F. Mor- 
 gan till death of Morgan, Feb., 1908 (with J. T. Flint from Jan., 1907). 
 Published since June, 1908, by Dunn County News. Co. (W. R. Hotch- 
 kiss, president) ; edited by M. C. Douglas since May, 1909. In July, 1870, 
 absorbed Lean Wolf. Republican (except under Benjamin, Independent). 
 
 Lean Wolf established at Durand, Oct., 1869, by George Van Waters ; 
 removed to Menomonie, Mar., 1870 ; in following July, merged in Dunn 
 Co. News. 
 
 Facts and Figures (q). Vol. 1. Nos. 1-4. Apr., 1900— Apr., 1901. 
 
 Published for Wis. Anti-Saloon League by W. H. Rintelman. Edited by 
 Henry Coiman. 
 
 Menomonie Institute (m). Vols. 1-2. Apr., 1889 — July, 1890. Q. 
 Devoted to interests of public schools ; H. W. Reed, editor. 
 
 Menomonie Nobdstekn (w). Nov., 1894-1903. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1887. Published from the beginning by German Ptg. 
 Co ; stockholders were Herman and Carl Freischmidt, William Winrich, 
 Carl Pleper, and others ; edited by Pieper till Jan., 1902 ; then by Frank 
 and Antonio Pieper till suspension, Mar., 1904. Issued another edition, 
 styled Nordwesten. Independent Populist. 
 
 Wisconsin Signal (w). Nov., 1894 — Nov., 1898. 2 v. Fa. 
 
 Founded 1891, by Carl Pieper ; sold in 1892 to Signal Pub. Co., com- 
 posed of 100 farmers of Dunn County. Edited by Miss Leona Windsor, 
 1892 till spring of 1894'; then by Miss Anderson ; business manager J. B. 
 Tainter till Nov., 1898. No later mention in directories. Populist. 
 
 Menomonie Times (w). Feb., 1877-90. 6 v. F«. Jan. — June, 1891. 
 1898-99. Fs. 1900-1905. 3 v. F<s. 1906— Jan., 1909. 2 v. Fs. 
 Established Jan.. 1876, by Flavius J. Mills ; suspended in following 
 Apr. ; revived about July by C. N. Relph ; published by him till suspen- 
 sion, July, 1879 ; revived in following Oct. by D. H. Decker and F. J. 
 McLean as Menomonie Times Ptg. Co. and published by them till sus- 
 pension, Jan., 1909. Edited by Decker till Oct., 1888, then by A. P. 
 Davis. Democratic. File for 1891 bound with Dunn Co. News, 1891-92. 
 
 [ 377 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Menomonie Falls 
 
 Wisconsin Agitator (w; m). Apr., 1899— Sept., 1900. Fs ; F*. 
 
 Founded Apr.', 1899, as organ of Prohibition party. Edited by W. D. 
 Cox. 
 
 Merrill 
 
 Lincoln County Advocate (w). Feb., 1875 — Mar., 1878. Ft. Mar., 
 
 1878— Oct., 1893. 8 v. F». 
 
 Pounded Jan., 1875, by M. H. McCord and A. D. Gorham ; conducted 
 by them till Mar., 1884 ; then sold to Van E. Willard ; conducted by him 
 till Dec, 1885 ; Alexander Black, one year (with Dewitt Johnson, till 
 Apr. ; thereafter with Norman B. Black ; M. E. Northrop and C. H. 
 Cummer, four months ; L. A. Harrison, Mar., 1887 — Oct., 1889 (with 
 C. F. Hanson, during first six months) ; Hanson alone, six months; is- 
 sued by Advocate Pub. Co., Apr., 1890 — Feb., 1892 (edited by G. M. 
 Patchen, 1890; F. Geisler, 1891) ; owned and edited by C. N. Johnson, 
 1892-1904, and styled Merrill AdvQoate Oct., 1893 ; A. C. Thompson, 1904 
 — Aug., 1909 ; then sold by sheriff to Lincoln County Bank, and by the 
 bank to William Allen. Consolidated by him with Merrill Star, and since 
 styled Star-Advocate, q. v. Republican. See also Merrill Advocate. File 
 for Jan.-Oct., 1893 with Merrill Advocate. 
 
 Merrill Advocate (w). Oct., 1893-1898. 3 v. F«. 1899 — Aug., 1909. 
 5 v. Ft. ! 
 
 See Lincoln County Advocate. 
 
 Lincoln County Anzeigeb (w). Feb., 1888-Sept., 19 00. 7 v. Fe. 
 
 Established Feb., 1888, by C. W. Honigmann ; conducted by him till 
 July, 1894; F. W. Sallet, July 1894— Sept., 1902; Otto Susemlhl, Sept., 
 1902 — Jan , 1910 ; since then, Frank Beer. Styled Wisconsin Thalboten, 
 q. v., since Sept. 21, 1900. Democratic under Sallet; now Republican. 
 Also issued Wis. Valley Posten (w), Swedish. Independent. 
 
 Northern Wisconsin News (w). July, 1883-89. 3 v. F". 
 
 Founded Feb., 1879 by David Finn and R. F. Vaughan ; sold June, 
 1881, to W. H. Canon and H. C. Hetze! ; conducted by them till Jan., 
 1884; Canon, five years longer (with J. N. Cotter, Jan., 1884 — Apr., 1885). 
 In Dec, 1888, purchased by A. G. Chrlstenson, who united with it 
 Merrill Weekly Times; six months later, sold to Ernest A. Dunn, who 
 conducted it (with C. N. Johnson, Oct., 1889-91) till 1895; after that 
 conducted by Fred Curtis. Democratic. 
 
 Merrill Stae-Advocate (w). Aug., 1909+ Fo. 
 See Lincoln County Advocate. 
 
 Wisconsin Thacbote (w). Sept., 1900-1910. 5 v. F«. 1911+ 
 See Lincoln County Anzeiger. 
 
 Merrillan 
 
 Wisconsin Leader (w). May, 1877-83. 3 v. Ft. 1884-1909. 13 v. 
 F«. 1910+ 
 Founded May, 1877. Publishers and editors : Bryan J. Castle, May, 
 
 [378] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 1877— Feb., 1878; Castle and E. H. Gile, Mar.— June, 1878; Gile alone 
 till Jan., 1909 ; since then leased by Wisconsin Farm Land Co. ; edited by 
 J. M. Axtell till May, 1910; H. C. Warren, May — Oct., 1910; slace 
 then, P. J. Fauteck. Republican. 
 
 Middleton 
 
 Middleton Times (w). 1897— Aug., 1898. F«. 
 
 Founded 1894 by Thomas A. Everlll, and since conducted by him. Ab- 
 sorbed Verona Herald, q. v., Aug., 1898. Since then styled Middlettn 
 Times-Herald, q. v. 
 
 Times-Herald (w). Aug., 1898-1908. 6 v. F«. 1909+ 
 See Middleton Times. 
 
 Verona Hebald (w). Mar., 1895^-Aug., 1898. 'F". 
 
 Established Oct., 1894. Absorbed by Middleton Times, q. t. 
 
 Milton 
 
 College Journal (m). Vols. 1-6. Mar., 1878 — July, 1883. 6 v. in 1. 
 Q. 
 
 Published by students of Milton College ; among its editors were 
 Samuel Plantz, W. E. Hemphill, F. W. Bentley, M. J. Whitford, D. F. 
 Browne, and J. W. McGowan. Suspended, July, 1883. 
 
 Milton Express (w). Mar., 1880-82. Fe. 
 
 Established July, 1879, by Wallace C. Brown ; sold to J. C. Bartholf, 
 June, 1882, and styled Weekly Telephone, q. v. 
 
 "Weekly Telephone. 1883-1909. 13 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Successor of Milton Express; conducted by J. C. Bartholf (in partner- 
 ship with C. B. Hull. Apr., 1883 — Apr., 1884 ; thereafter, with O. P. 
 Hull) till Aug., 1886 ; E. L. Spence, Sept., 1886 — Aug., 1894 ; T. Spence, 
 three months ; Alice S. Blount, Nov., 1894— Oct., 1896 ; Mark A. Richard- 
 son, Oct., 1896 — Sept., 1899 ; Richardson and Hadden, SeRt., 1899 — 
 
 June, 1902. Then sold to W. C. Oviatt (Mrs. T. C), but managed by 
 Hadden till Apr., 1903, then by A. S. Coon. Sold to H. E. Mills and 
 E. M. Holston, Oct., 1907, and conducted by them till 1909; since 1910 
 by Holston alone. Republican. 
 
 Milwaukee 
 
 Abend Post (d). Sept., 1892-Apr., 1897. 14 v. F«. 
 
 Successor (Jan., 1890) of Freie Presse, q. v. Issued by German- 
 American Pub. Co., till June, 1891 ; since then. Abend Post Pub. Co. 
 Edited by Herman Sigel till his death, Jan., 1894 ; then, Henry Wehn, 
 till consolidated (May, 1897) with Oermania as Germania und Abend- 
 Post, q. v. Republican. 
 
 Issues also Nordicestliche Post, founded Dec, 1891. 
 
 Ackeb-ukd Gartenbau-Zeittjng (s-m; w.) 1879-Feb., 1906, 18 v. F*. 
 
 Agricultural and horticultural journal (founded 1870), issued by 
 Herold Pub. Co. Edited by Rudolph A. Koss till 1891 ; since then, 
 A. G. Veith. Indexed. 
 
 [379] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis., continued: 
 
 Nordwestliche Ackeb- und Gabtenbau-Zeitung (m). Vol. 1. 1870. Q. 
 See Acker und Qartenbau-Zeitimg. 
 
 Milwaukee Advance (w). Apr. 5, 1890— Deo., 1892 (Incomp.). Fs. 
 
 Established Jan., 1890, as organ of Populists, also official organ of 
 State Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union ; Robert Schilling, editor. 
 Styled national Advance in 1901, and published by Schilling & Co. till 
 1907. No later mention in directories. File bound with Wisconsin La- 
 bor Newspapers. 
 
 National Advance (w). 1895-99; 1901 (incomp.). Fs. 
 See Advance. 
 
 Northwestern Advance (w). 1870; 1871, 3 nos. F«. 
 See same title under Janesville. 
 
 Daily Advertises. Oct., 1874— Mar., 1875. F^. 
 
 Established Oct., 1874, by A. M. Thomson and W. G. Cutler (issued 
 also w and s-w editions) ; merged in Commercial Times, q. v., Mar., 1875. 
 Independent Eepublican. 
 
 Milwaukee Advertises (w). July, 1836 — June, 1837; 1838-40, scat 
 nos.; Jan. — Mar., 1841. Fe. 
 
 Pounded July, 1836, by D. H. Richards; edited first six months by 
 Hans Crocker ; among its contributors, I. A. Lapham, J. H. Tweedy, J. A 
 Noonan, L. I. Barber, and Byron Kilbourn (who furnished many articles 
 on internal improvements) ; published mainly to advertise Milwaukee in 
 the East, and thus to attract immigration — also to advance interests of 
 Milwaukee and Rock River Canal ; published by Richards till Mar., 1841, 
 then sold to Josiah A. Noonan, and styled Courier, q. v. Democratic. 
 
 Wisconsin Advocate (m). Vol. 1. Mar., 1880 — July, 1881 (incomp). 
 New series, Vol. 2, No. 4, Sept., 1889. F. 
 
 Official organ of Wis. Grand Lodge, A. O. TJ. W. Published by B. 
 LOwenbach & Son ; edited by J. G. Davies, 1881. About 1888, styled Ad- 
 vocate; published by H. H. Zahn & Co. 
 
 Wisconsin Weekly Advocate. May, 1898— Sept., 1908. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1898, by Richard B. Montgomery and A. G. Burgette. 
 After first few months conducted by Montgomery alone till 1907. Not 
 later mention in directories. Devoted to interests of African race. 
 
 Wisconsin Afro- American (w). Aug. — Nov., 1892. 7 nos. F*. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1892. Succeeded by Northwestern Recorder, Dec, 1892. 
 
 Altruist (m). June, 1898 — Jan., 1899. 
 
 Published by John Skippick as successor of Wis. Patriot, q. v. 
 
 Am Hauslichbn Heed (w). May-Dec., 1889. F. 
 
 Literary supplement of Seebote, q. v. File bound therewith. 
 
 [380] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 (BSSgJpW 1 "'''" 
 
 Milwaukee Amebican (w). Aug.-Oct, 1857. F?. 
 
 Founded July, 1855, by David A. Gillies, as organ of "American" party; 
 sold by him to A. J. Aikens and A. Wellington Hart, Oct., 1856 ; merged 
 in News, Nov., 1857. After sale to Aikens and Hart, Republican. Filea 
 of daily and weekly bound in same volume. 
 
 Milwaukee Daily Ameeican. Sept., 1855 — Oct., 1856. F^. 
 
 Amebican Chubchman (m). 1901-1902. F. 
 
 Continuation (1900) of Diocese of Fond du Lac, q. v. under Fond du 
 Lac. Merged (1902) in Living Church, q. v. 
 
 Amebican Issue (m). Vols. 1-2. Nov., 1905-1907. F. 1908+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1905, at Madison; moved to Milwaukee, May, 1906; 
 called Wisconsin Issue till Jan., 1908 ; published by Anti-Saloon League 
 of America. At this time the League moved its publications to Chicago, 
 issuing special state editions. In Oct., 1909, moved to its own plant at 
 Westerville, O. Here half of the paper is edited by E. H. Cherrington, 
 while the rest is left to sub-editors in thirty states ; Wisconsin editor, 
 Ulysses G. Humphrey, state superintendent of League. 
 
 Amebikanische-Tubnzeitung (w). 1885-1889; 1891-1906. 9 v. F«. 
 1907-1909. 2 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1885, and since published by Freldenker Pub. Co. Edited by 
 C. Hermann Boppe till 1899 or 1900 ; Heinrich Huhn, 1901 — Feb., 1908 ; 
 J. Barandun, Aug., 1908 — June, 1909 ; Otto Saubron, July-Dec. 1909 ; 
 Willibald Fleck, 1910. 
 
 Abchiteot and Buildeb (w). May, 1897-Aug., 1898. Q. 
 
 Founded 1893. Published by Columbia Pub. Co., then by Builders Pub. 
 Co. Edited by J. F. Woolsey, 1895 — Jan., 1898 ; then by L. L. Briggs till 
 merged (Aug., 1898) in Construction News of Chicago. 
 
 Atlas (w). German. Nov., 1856-Oct, 1857; Nov., 1857-Nov., 1859; 
 1860. F«. 
 See Berold. 
 
 Wiskonsin-BANNEB (w). German. Sept. 21, Dec. 14, 1844 (with Com- 
 mercial Herald, 1843-44). Mar.-Aug., 1845; Mar., 1846-Aug., 
 1847; Sept., 1849-Sept, 1852; Sept., 1853-Sept., 1855. 10 v. F«-* 
 
 Same (d). Mar.— June, 1850; Aug., 1850-1852. 9 v. F*. 
 
 First German paper published in Wisconsin ; founded Sept., 1844, by 
 Moritz Schoeffler, and conducted by him till Sept., 1874 (in partnership 
 with Rudolph Wendte, Mar.. 1851, till his death, Jan., 1857). Issued daily 
 after 1849. Edited by F. W. Orban, 1851 ; then August Kruer. Succeeded 
 (1855) by Banner und Tolksfrcund, q. v. 
 
 Banxeb und Volksfreund (d). Apr., 1855— June, 1860; July, 1861- 
 1862; Feb., 1879— May, 1880. Ft. 
 See Wisconsin Banner. 
 
 [381] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 MtLWAtTKEE, "Wis., continued: 
 
 Wisconsin Banneb und Volksfreund (w; s-w). Feb., 1879-84. 2 v. F«, 
 1885— Apr., 1889. 2 v. Fs. May, 1889-1908. 12 v. Ft. 1909-f- 
 
 Same. Sunday edition. 1907. 2 v. V. 1908+ 
 
 As successor of Wisconsin-Banner, is the oldest German paper in Wis- 
 consin. Edited by P. W. Orban (previously Fratny's associate), Apr., 
 1855, till his death, Nov., 1870 ; B. H. Giiterbock, June, 1877— May, 1880 ; 
 then H. Siegel, till its purchase by Guenther. Published by Schoefner till 
 Sept., 1874 ; then, for a time, by stock company ; daily edition consolidated 
 with Freie Prcsse, q. v., May, 1880. Weekly continued, and, later, pur- 
 chased by Eichard Guenther ; conducted by him till 1885 ; then, P. V. 
 Deuster. Daily issued after 1881 ; merged in daily Beeoote when pur- 
 chased by Deuster. Democratic. 
 
 Volksfreund established 1847, in opposition to Banner ; edited by Fred- 
 erick Fratny ; daily begun in 1852 ; both merged in Banner after Fratny's- 
 death (Apr., 1855). 
 
 Wisconsin Babnbubner (tri-w). Aug. 30, Sept. 1, 1848. 
 
 Bibon & Bbtjckeb's Sonntags-Blatt (w). Apr. — Dec, 1874. F*. 
 Published by Michael Biron and Joseph Brucker. See Freidenker. 
 
 Brewing World (m). Jan.— Aug., 1883. F. 
 
 E. H. Cawker, business manager ; Carl F. Falk, editor. 
 
 Browning's Magazine (m). Vols. 10-15. 1895-97; Vols. 20-37. 1900- 
 1908. 21 v. in 6. O. 1909+ 
 
 Styled Browning, King & Co.'s Illustrated Monthly Magazine, 1895-1902. 
 Men's fashions. 
 
 Bunte Blatter fur die Kleinen (m). July, 1906+ O. 
 
 Founded 1895. Published by Northwestern Pub. House. Lutheran. 
 
 Wisconsin Calendar (m). 1873-80, scat, nos.; 1881-rOct, 1888. F». 
 Successor of Church Register, q. v. ; official organ of Wisconsin and 
 Fond du Lac dioceses of Prot. Epis. church ; edited by C. L. Mallory. 
 
 Catholic Citizen (w). Dec., 1878— Apr., 1880; Sept., 1900-1910. 6 v. 
 F«. 1911+ 
 
 Continuation (1878) of Catholic Vindicator which was a consolidation 
 (1871) of Star of Bethlehem, founded in Milwaukee, 1869, by the St. 
 Louis Brothers, and of Catholic Vindicator, published in 1870 at Monroe, 
 but soon moved to Milwaukee. Edited by Rev. John Casey and Dr. D. W. 
 Nolan, 1870-74 (with E. A. Bray and R. B. Johnson of Star of Bethlehem 
 as managers) ; Nolan alone, 1874-78 ; Rev. George L. Willard and B. A. 
 Bray, Nov., 1878-82 ; Bray, 1882-91 ; since then, Citizen Co. Has ab- 
 sorbed since 1898, Western Chronicle of Omaha, Catholic Witness of De- 
 troit, Catholic Review and Catholic American of New York, and Catholic 
 
 ] Voice of Green Bay. 
 
 [382] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Catholic Vindicator (w). Jan. — June, 1874. F». 
 
 Established Sept., 1870, at Monroe; soon afterward remoyed hither; 
 published by Catholic News Co. in 1874, edited by Rev. John Casey ; suc- 
 ceeded by Catholic Citizen, Nov., 1878. Pile bound with Daily Advertiser, 
 1874-75. 
 
 Christian Statesman (w). 1873 — Oct., 1884. 4 v. F*. 
 
 Successor of Index (m ; established Jan., 1869, by S. S. Fallows, G. A. 
 England, and I. L. Hauser), which in June, 1872, was styled Christian 
 Statesman, and issued weekly ; conducted by Hauser (in partnership with 
 W. D. Storey till Dec, 1874 ; thereafter with J. H. Hauser) till April, 
 1884; then sold to A. C. Stickle; suspended in 1885. Religio-political ; 
 advocated prohibition, and opposed Roman Catholicism. Official organ of 
 Sons of Temperance, Nov., 1872-73. 
 
 Evening Chronicle (d). June, 1880 — Nov., 1881. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Successor (May, 1880) of Evening Bignal, q. v. Published three months 
 by C. C. Bowsfleld and P. J. Somers ; continued during remainder of year 
 by Bowsfleld and F. A. Flower ; purchased Jan., 1881, by Thomas H. Mc- 
 Elroy & Co. ; probably suspended before end of year. Democratic till Aug., 
 1880 ; then Independent. 
 
 Chuech Register (m). Vols. 2-5. Aug., 1868— Mar., 1872. 4 v. in 3. 
 O. 
 
 Established by Church Union, Aug., 1867 ; claimed to be first diocesan 
 journal in West ; published under auspices of bishop of Protestant Episc. 
 diocese of Wisconsin ; suspended Apr., 1872, and succeeded by Wisconsin 
 Calendar, q. v. 
 
 Chuech Times (m). Vols. 8-15. Feb., May, 1897; Aug., 1897- 
 1905. 3 v. Q. 1905-1908. F. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1890 as official organ of Milwaukee diocese of Prot. Episc. 
 church. Conducted by Rev. C. B. B. Wright since 1897 or before. 
 
 Chubch Voice (m). Vols. 1-4. 1890— Apr., 1893. Q. 
 
 Organ of Immanuel Presbyterian church, edited by William W. Wight 
 Discontinued Apr., ] 893. 
 
 Civics and Commerce (m). July 1910+ O. 
 
 See Bulletin of Merchants and Manufacturers' Association. 
 
 Columbia (w). German. Jan. — June, 1874; 1875-1897. 12 v. F«. 
 1898-1909. 6 v. FT. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1873 ; published by German Catholic Printing Society — 
 since 1893, styled Columbia Pub. Co. Successive editors : George 
 Schleyer, John Gmeier, Bruno Ritter, Cajetan Krautham, J. M. A. Schult- 
 heiss, and Joseph C. Hoffman. Religious. 
 
 Milwaukee Daily Commercial Advertiser. Apr. — Nov., 1850. 
 
 Established (w) in autumn of 1848, by Lucas Seaver ; H. W. Gunnison, 
 editor; after Apr., 1849. issued as daily; conducted by Seaver (with C. S. 
 Hurley, Jan. — June, 1850; thereafter, with John A. Bryan), until Mar., 
 1851 ; then purchased by Bushnell B. Cary and Sterling P. Rounds, 
 
 r 383 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis., continued: 
 
 Bryan remaining as editor. In Dec. following, sold to George Hyer (soon 
 afterward, in partnership with George W. Chapman) ; succeeded by Morn- 
 ing News, q. v., May, 1852. Democratic. 
 
 Commercial Herald (tri-w). July, 1843-44. F«. 
 
 First tri-weekly in Wisconsin ; founded May, 1843 ; published by Elisha 
 Starr in conjunction with Sentinel; consolidated with Milwaukiean (pub- 
 lished one month by George M. Shipper), Nov., 1844, as result of Starr's 
 loss of Sentinel. Starr & Shipper at once issued a newspaper, styled 
 Milwaukee Sentinel (w), made up from Commercial Herald; but the estab- 
 lishment of Daily Sentinel by Fillmore & Keeler compelled them to retire 
 from the field, and at the end of Dec. both the Herald and Milwaukee 
 Sentinel were absorbed in the Daily Sentinel, q. v. 
 
 Commeecial Telegraphers' Journal. 
 See same title under Chicago, 111. 
 
 Daily Commercial Times. 1875 — May, 1878. 6 v. F?. 
 
 Established Jan., 1875, by Wis. Pub. Co. (O. W. Wight, H. A. Chitten- 
 den, B. B. Northrop, W. H. Bishop, and others), as successor of Journal 
 of Commerce (q. v.) and Evening Times; three months later, absorbed 
 Daily Advertiser, q. t. ; and In Mar., 1877, the Madison Patriot, q. v. 
 Merged in Daily News, Not., 1878. 
 
 Evening Times (d) sold to H. S. Wicks and J. W. Ryckman, May, 1874; 
 in July, Wicks became sole proprietor ; in following Dec, merged in Com- 
 mercial Times. 
 
 Cobsaih. Octi, 1854 — Sept., 1855. Fs. 
 
 Cream City Coubieb (w). Jan., 1874 — July, 1876; Jan.— Feb., 1877; 
 June, 1878 — Sept., 1879. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded [Dec. ?] 1872 by A. P. Colby under title of Milwaukee Enter- 
 prise; purchased in May, 1873, by A. E. Vanderpool and James Leedom; 
 two months later, Leedom retired, and Vanderpool continued Enterprise 
 (soon changing name to Cream City Courier), till May, 1879 (with C. J. 
 Pratt, June — July, 1878, thereafter with J. C. Pollard) ; Pollard alone, 
 May — Sept., 1879 ; then succeeded by Gazette, q. v. File bound with Mil. 
 State Journal, June, 1878-79. 
 
 Evening Courier (d). Feb. — May, 1847. Fs. 
 
 Second attempt to run daily edition of Courier, q. v. ; succeeded by 
 Evening Wisconsin, q. v., June 1847. 
 
 Milwaukee Courier (w). Mar., 1841-44. Ft. 1845— June, 1847. F«. 
 Successor of Advertiser, q. v.; 1 ounded by Josiah A. Noonan, Mar., 
 1841 ; conducted By him till 1844 (in partnership with George Hyer, Sept., 
 1842 — Feb., 1843) ; purchased from Noonan by W. H. Sullivan, May, 1845; 
 edited by John A. Brown, Aug., 1843 — June, 1847 ; then purchased by W. 
 E. Cramer, and succeeded by Wisconsin, q. v. Issued as daily in 1846 
 and 1847 ; see Mil. Daily Courier and Evening Courier. Democratic. File 
 for Mar., 1841 — Nov., 1842, bound with Milwaukee Advertiser, 1836-41. 
 
 [384] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Milwaukee Daily Courier. Nov. 10, 1841; Mar. — July, 1846. F«. 
 
 Dally edition of Milwaukee Courier, q. v. ; published by W. H. Sullivan, 
 edited by John A. Brown ; suspended July, 1846. 
 
 Coubrieb Fran^ais (m; w, Oct. 3-25, 1890). Vol. 1. Apr., 1890 — Apr., 
 1891. F. 
 
 Founded and conducted by A. B. de Guerville (corespondent of Les- 
 lie's Weekly, N. Y., In war between Japan and China, 1894-95). 
 
 Cbusadee (m). Apr., 1910+ D. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1910, as organ of Wisconsin Anti-Tuberculosis Assn. 
 Edited by its executive secretary, Dr. Hoyt Dearbolt. 
 
 Milwaukee Democrat (w). Aug., 1843 — Feb., 1844. F«. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1843, by C. C. Sholes and J. M. Kimball ; conducted by 
 them three months ; Sholes and C. L. McArthur, a few months ; after Feb., 
 1844, became advocate of Liberty party, remaining still under conduct of 
 Sholes, but styled American Freeman; appears to have been suspended 
 during following June — Sept. ; then revived by stock company of Liberty 
 leaders, outfit leased to Sholes, and removed to Waukesha (then called 
 Pralrieville), q. v. Returned to Milwaukee, May, 1848. See also Wis. 
 Free Democrat. File of Mil. Democrat bound with Mil. Courier, 1842-44. 
 
 Milwaukee Democbat (w). Dec, 1897 — Mar., 1898. F«. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1897, by Democrat Pub. Co. ; edited by A. B. Flanders 
 till Mar., 1898 ; suspended in April. 
 
 Daily Free Democrat. Sept. 1850— Apr., 1851; Oct., 1854-55. 3 T. 
 Sept. 3, 1856; Mar. 19, 1859. Fe. 
 
 Daily edition of Wis. Free Democrat, q. v., founded (as also a tri- 
 weekly edition^ Sept., 1850. Both editions were suspended Oct., 1861, 
 and merged in Eve. Wisconsin, q. v. 
 
 Erziehungs-BlAtter (m). Vols. 5-7. 1877-1880. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Founded 1870 by Hailman & Doerflinger ; edited by W. N. Hailman till 
 1880. Published by Doerflinger Book and Pub. Co., 1880-82 : then Frel- 
 denker Pub. Co. till 1900. No later mention in directories. Edited by L. 
 R. ; Klemm, 1880-82 ; Maximilian Grossman, 1883-97 (with Henry Fick of 
 Cincinnati and W. H Roseustengel of Madison as associate editors) ; after 
 1897, Fick alone. For some years organ of Nat. German American 
 Teachers' Union. 
 
 Evangelisch-Lutherisches Gemeinde-Blatt (s-m). July, 1892-1909. 
 6 v. Q. 1910+ 
 
 Established 1865 at Watertown. by Evangelical Lutheran Synod of 
 Wisconsin : published by synod to date ; edited by committee thereof, till 
 Oct., 1887 : since then, by faculty of Evang. Lutheran Theological Sem- 
 inary at Wauwatosa, Profs. J. Schaller, J. Koehler, and August Pleper. 
 Editors-in-chief: J. Badlng and Adolph Hoenecke, 1865 — Aug., 1871; K. 
 Adelberg, Aug., 1871— Aug., 1877; A. F. Ernst, Sept., 1877— Oct., 1880; 
 A. L. Graebner. Oct., 1880— Aug., 1887; E. A. Notz, Oct., 1887-1908; 
 Bince then by Revs. E. Dornfeld, H. Bergmann ; B. P. Nommensen, C. 
 Gausewltz, and O. Hagedorn. Published at Watertown till June, 1873, 
 when It was removed to Milwaukee. 
 25— N. C. [ 385 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 MiLWAtrKEE, Wis., continued: 
 
 Events (w). Nov. — Dec, 1897. F*. 
 
 Successor of Illustrated Hewn. n. v. ; of short duration. Pile bound 
 with Illus. News. 
 
 Bxcelsiob (w). German. Oct., 1895-1909. 7 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Established Sept., 1883 ; published by Joseph Springob ; edited by Al- 
 fred Steckel till 1898 ; since then, J. M. A. Schultheis. Eoman Catholic. 
 
 Fest Zeitung zum Neunten Bundesfest (bi-ni). Apr- June, 1895. F. 
 
 Fobtschbitt deb Zeit (m; s-m). Vols. 1-2. 1875 — May, 1876; 1879— 
 June, 1891. 6 v. F. 
 
 Founded 1875 by W. W. Coleman, and conducted by him till his death 
 in 1888 ; then by his heirs till 1893. No later mention in directories. 
 Issued from Herold office, semi-monthly after 1881. In 1877 absorbed 
 Oerman-American Industrial Gazette of New York. Scientific. 
 
 Fbam (w). Nov., 1895 — June, 1897. Fa. 
 
 Founded 1894 by A. C. Tosterud, and published by him till Apr., 1895 ; 
 Fram Pub. Co. (V. L. Brown, manager) , Apr., 1895 — Sept. 1897 ; then 
 consolidated with La Crosse Tidende, q. v. 
 
 Wisconsin Free Democrat (w). 1853-58, 9 nos. F?. 
 
 Successor of Waukesha Amer. Freeman, q. v. ; removed hither May, 
 1848, and continued by S. M. Booth till Mar., 1859 (in partnership with 
 Ichabod Codding, July, 1848—49 ; with James Densmore, Apr. — June, 1850 ; 
 with C. L. Sholes, after 1856) ; L. L. Crounse, Mar., 1859 — May, 1860 
 (with Sholes during first two months; thereafter, with A. M. Thomson; 
 with Thomas Fitcb, during last three months) ; C. C. Olin (with George 
 W. Tenney, after July), May — Dec, 1860 (but edited by Sholes) ; Abram 
 D. Smith and G. W. Chapman, Dec, 1860— Oct., 1861; daily and tri- 
 weekly editions then merged in Daily Wisconsin, q. v. ; weekly continued 
 by William Euen till Feb., 1862, then suspended. Styled Wis. Freeman, 
 Aug., 1848-49 ; thereafter Wis. Free Democrat. Assistant editors were 
 Champion Vaughan (July, 1855 — Jan., 1856), and John F. Myers (Dec, 
 1856 — May, 1857). Advocated temperance and abolition of slavery. Is- 
 sued Barnburner (w), q. v., during campaign of 1848. 
 See Mil. Democrat and Daily Free Democrat. 
 
 Free Peess (d). June, 1901-1910. 54 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1901. Edited* by H. P. Myrick. Republican. 
 
 American Fbeeman (w). ,May 24 — Sept. 20, 1848. F«. 
 
 Bound with Am. Freeman of Waukesha, 1847-48. See Milwaukee Demo- 
 crat. Later styled Wisconsin Freeman. 
 
 Fbeidehkeb (w). Apr., 1872— Mar., 1874. Q. 1875-84. 7 T. F». 
 1885-86; May, 1887-1892; Dec, 1893-1898. 3 v. F». 1899- 
 1909. 
 
 Established Apr., 1872, by Michael Biron, and published by him till 
 Apr., 1874 ; then by him with Joseph Brucker till Dec, being styled Biron 
 
 [386] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 and Brucker's Sonntagsblatt during this time; Brucker alone, 1875 — Oct., 
 1876 ; C. Doerflinger, Nov., 1876-1879 ; Doerflinger Pub. Co., 1880-82 ; 
 since then, Freidenker Pub. Co. 
 
 Fbeib Peesse (d). Feb., 1879— July, 1881. 4 v. F7. Aug., 1881-1885. 
 12 v. F». 
 
 Pounded May, 1876, by Joseph Brucker and Herman Sigel, as Socialist; 
 Purchased by Richard Michaelis, 1878, and styled Torwdrts (d) ; name 
 soon after changed to Freie Presse; purchased July, 1879, by Richard 
 Guenther, and conducted by him till May, 1880 ; then purchased by Ban- 
 ner und "Volksfreund Co., Sigel remaining as editor ; succeeded (Jan., 
 1890) by Abend Post, q. v. Independent Republican. 
 
 Milwaukee Gazette (w). Sept., 1879— July, 1880. Fs. 
 
 Successor (Sept., 1879) of Cream City Courier, q. v.; conducted by 
 James O. Pollard and Michael W. O'Ryan, four months ; then by O'Ryan 
 alone ; probably suspended in July or Aug., 1880. Supported Independent 
 Greenback party. File bound with Catholic Citizen, 1878-80. 
 
 Milwaukee Daily Gazette. Oct., 1845— Feb., 1846. Fe. 
 
 Established Oct., 1845, by W. D. Wilson ; edited by J. S. Rowland and 
 Elisha Starr ; merged in Sentinel, Feb., 1846. Also published semi- 
 weekly. Whig. 
 
 Milwaukee Semi-Weekly Gazette. Nov., 1845 — Feb., 1846. F<>. 
 File bound with Sentinel, 1842-47. 
 
 Gebmania (w; b-w). Feb., 1879-1910. 28 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded June, 1873, by German Protestant Ptg. Co. ; title of firm 
 changed to Germanla Pub. Co., Oct., 1874 ; chief owner, George Brumder. 
 Edited by George Koeppen from beginning till his death (Jan., 1897). 
 Daily issued June, 1873 — July, 1878 ; resumed in Sept., 1891 ; semi- 
 weekly established Oct., 1889. Absorbed Deutsches Volksblatt (Rochester, 
 N. Y.), in May, 1880; absorbed Abend Post, q. v., May, 1897; daily edi- 
 tion styled Germania und Aoend Post till 1902, since then Oermania 
 Abend Post, q. v. Company combined with Herold Co., Jan., 1906, as 
 Germania Herold Assn. Oermania now managed by William C. Brumder. 
 Lutheran and Independent Republican. 
 
 Gebmania und Abend-Post (d). May, 1897-1910. 48 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 See Germania. 
 
 Globe Tbottee (q). 1910, 4 nos.; Jan., 1911. D. 
 
 Founded 1900 by Ernst Schultz, as organ of Cosmopolitan Correspon- 
 dence Club. Managed (1910) by William Schultz. 
 
 Gogebic News (s-m). Oct., 1886— Aug., 1887. F«. 
 
 Published three months by N. D. Moore and H. S. Benjamin, as list of 
 mining stock quotations ; after Dec, 1886, enlarged in size and scope and 
 published by A. W. Friese and C. F. Rand ; in Nov., 1887, consolidated 
 with similar papers, and succeeded by Industrial West, q. v. 
 
 International Good Templar (m). Vols. 1-21. 1888-1908. 21 v. O. 
 
 Founded 1888. Issued at London, Can., till June, 1892; Toronto, Can., 
 
 1892— July, 1895; Milwaukee, 1895 — Jan., 1906; Independence, Jan., 
 
 [387] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis., continued: 
 
 1906 — Jan., 1909 ; since then at Glasgow, Scotland. Conducted by Dr. 
 Oronhyatekha and B. F. Parker till Oct., 1905 ; Parker alone, Oct., 1905 — 
 Apr., 1906 ; Markham & Parker, Apr., 1906 — Jan., 1909 ; since then, 
 Thomas Honeymoon. 
 
 Western Good Templab (w). Feb., 1888-90. F«. 
 
 Removed hither from Mauston, Nov., 1888 ; edited by B. P. Parker till 
 Oct., 1890 ; then E. W. Chafln ; removed Aug., 1890, to Chicago, and 
 published by International Pub. Co. Contains history of Good Templars 
 in Wisconsin. See same title under Madison. 
 
 Gband Army Sentinel (m). Apr., 1874— Oct., 1875. F*. 
 
 Removed hither from Berlin, q. v., Aug., 1875 ; Griff. J. Thomas suc- 
 ceeded by J. L. Kaine as editor ; George A. Hanaford, publisher. Issued 
 at Milwaukee and St. Paul, — Henry A. Castle, Minnesota editor. Appar- 
 ently suspended in 1877. Official organ of Wisconsin G. A. R. 
 
 Wisconsin Greenback, 
 
 See same title under Sparta. 
 
 Hausfbeund (w). 1879-80. F. 
 
 Agricultural edition of Q-ermania, q. v. ; edited by Francis A. Hoffman, 
 of Jefferson ("Hans Buschbauer," pseud.) ; founded May, 1874. 
 
 Haus- und Bauernfreund (w). 1894-95. F. 
 
 Continuation of Hausfreund ; bound with Qernumla. 
 
 Herold (w and s-w). 1871— Feb., 1906. 44 v. Fe (1885-99 is Michigan 
 edition). 
 
 Same (d). 1886— June, 1890; Jan.— June, Oct. — Dec, 1894; Oct., 
 
 1896— June, 1897; Jan.— Aug., 1899. 20 v. Fe. 
 
 Same. Nov. 1861— Aug., 1862; Oct., 1866— July, 1899. Poor, un- 
 bound. 
 
 Successor of Atlas; established (d and w) Sept., 1861, by W. W. Cole- 
 man and Bernhard Domschcke ; edited by Domschcke (except during his 
 absence in the Union army, Aug., 1862 — June, 1865) till Apr., 1869, 
 shortly before his death ; C. J. Palme, 1869-79. Published by Coleman 
 till his death, Oct., 1888 ; then by his son, Edgar W., till 1896 ; Herold 
 Co., 1896 — Jan., 1906; since then, Germania-Herold Assn. Daily styled 
 Berold und Seebote since Aug., 1899. Daily suspended, Aug., 1862 — Oct., 
 1866. Republican. 
 
 Atlas (d) founded Nov., 1858, by Domschcke; edited by him and Carl 
 Schurz ; suspended Apr., 1861, owing to Domschcke's enlistment in army. 
 
 Herold und Seebote (d). Aug., 1899-1910. 43 v. F«. 1911+ 
 See Herold. 
 
 High School Journal (m). Nos. 1-3. Nov., 1875 — Feb., 1876. 
 
 Published in interests of Milwaukee High School ; edited by H. J. Des- 
 mond and Bruno E. Fink ; contributors, S. R. Winchell and Henry Good- 
 win. 
 
 [388] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Home Faie Journal (d; w). May 20 — July 8, 1865. Fs. 
 Organ of fair for U. S. Home for Disabled Volunteers. 
 
 Humanist (w). German. 1852— Oct., 1853. O-F. 
 
 Founded 1851. Edited by Ed. Schroeter and H. Loose. 
 
 Illustrated News (w). Jan. — Oct., 1897. F*. 
 
 Successor of Social Mirror (see Yenowine's Illua. News) ; succeeded by 
 Events, Oct., 1897. 
 
 Index (w). Dec, 1877— Feb., 1878. F*. 
 
 Established Dec, 1877, by George W. Godfrey and W. G. Cutler; de- 
 voted to Interests of workingmen. Independent Greenback. File bound 
 with Wis. Greenback, 1877-79, q. v., under Sparta. 
 
 Industeial West (m). Dec, 1887— Aug., 1888. F. 
 
 Successor of three papers : Mining, Real Estate and Manufacturing Re- 
 porter ; Miner and Manufacturer; and Gogebic News. Edited by Walter 
 W. Pollock and Frank A. Markle ; devoted to manufacturing, mining, and 
 other industrial interests. 
 
 IRREPRESSIBLE CONFLICT (w). Jan. 11, 1860. 
 
 Wisconsin Jobbeb and Retailer (s-m). 1904-1907 (incomp.). Q. 
 
 Founded 1904 by Wisconsin Jobber and Retailer Pub. Co. ; edited by H. 
 L. Knappen and Ivan S. McDonald, 1904 ; C. W. Donovan, 1906. In 
 June, 1906, sold to George R. Ford and conducted by him till June, 1907. 
 
 Milwaukee Journal (w). Jan. 19, Feb. 9, 1842. 
 
 Established Aug., 1841 by leading Whigs as their organ (In place of 
 Sentinel, q. v., when it came under Democratic control) ; they purchased 
 Chicago Tribune (published by E. G. Ryan), and removed It hither. 
 Edited by Elisha Starr. Succeeded (Apr., 1842) by Workingman's Advo- 
 cate. File bound with Milwaukee Sentinel, 1838-42. 
 
 Milwaukee Journal (d). Nov., 1882 — Apr., 1892. 19 v. F«. May, 
 1892-93. 5 v. F7. 1894-1910. 57 v. Fe. 1911+ 
 
 Same July 23-25, 1901. 
 
 Elks' Twentieth Century edition. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1882, by P. V. Deuster and Michael Kraus ; edited by M. 
 A. Aldrich ; Deuster's interest, one month later, purchased by L. W. Nie- 
 man ; published by Nieman & Kraus till June, 1890 ; thereafter by Journal 
 Co. (L. W. Nieman, J. T. Boyd, and John W. Schaum) ; edited by Nie- 
 man to date ; Schauta's interest bought by J. E. Dodge in 1910. Weekly 
 edition issued, Oct., 1885 — Feb., 1906. Independent till Dec, 1889; 
 Democratic till 1896 ; since then Independent. 
 
 Milwaukee State Journal and South Side Advocate (w). Feb. — Not, 
 
 1879. Fb. 
 Established by C. J. Pratt and A. J. Langworthy, Feb., 1879. 
 
 Milwaukee Journal of Commerce (w). July, 1872-74. F» 
 
 r 389 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis., continued: 
 
 Journal of Commerce (w). 1879-80. EX 
 
 Founded by Harrison Hayden, Nov., 1866; purchased May, 1867, by 
 Eugene S. Elliott, and conducted by him till Feb., 1873 (in partnership 
 with H. A. Chittenden and J. G. Flanders, after July, 1871) ; continued by 
 Chittenden and W. H. Bishop, till Dec, 1874 ; then merged in Commer- 
 cial Times, q. v. Weekly edition continued under its own name, however, 
 through 1880. 
 
 Ktnderfbetjde (m). July, 1906+ O. 
 
 Founded 1891. Published by Northwestern Pub. House. Lutheran. 
 
 Kindergarten Messenger and the New Education, (m). 1878. Q. 
 Published by Hailman & Doerflinger ; edited by W. H. Hailman. 
 
 Kinder-Post (w). 1887-88. Q. 
 
 Founded 1883 by W. W. Coleman. After his death (1888) published by 
 Herold Pub. Co. till 1908. No later mention in directories. Juvenile. 
 
 Kuryer Polski (d) . Polish. 1894-1910. 35 v. Fs. 1911+ 
 
 Successor of Erytyka (w), established by Michael Kruszka, Nov., 1885; 
 edited by Kruszka, with A. A. Paryski, S. Slisz, and F. Jablonski succes- 
 sively as associate editors. Discontinued June, 1888, and Kuryer PolsH 
 (d) issued in its place ; first Polish daily in United States ; published and 
 edited by Kruszka to date. Associate editors : K. Owocki, 1888-92 ; K. 
 Neuman, 1890-93 ; J. Kuk, 1891-93 ; Joseph Kruszka,' 1893-1900 ; Thad. 
 Wild, 1900-1901 ; F. Jablonski, 1901-03 ; since then, J. J. Chrzanowskt 
 Democratic till 1898 (except Sept., 1886-87, Populist) ; since then Repub- 
 lican. Also issues agricultural paper, Gazeta Wisconsinska (w), founded 
 1892 ; prior to 1893, styled Przeglad Tygodniowy. 
 
 Labor Review (w). 1887-88. 6 nos. F«. 
 
 Founded 1885. Edited by W. H. Park, later of the News. In Mar., 
 1887, succeeded by Daily Review, which in turn was succeeded by Dally 
 News and Review, q. v., May, 1889. . File bound with Wis. Labor News- 
 papers. 
 
 Lamplightes (m). Jan., 1896— Dec, 1900. 2 v. F. 
 See same title under Janesville. 
 
 Landmann (w). German. Oct., 1904-1906; , 1907-1908. F*. 1909+ 
 Founded Oct., 1902, by Excelsior Pub. Co., and since conducted by 
 them. Edited by J. M. Levenieh. 
 
 Wisconsin Legal News (w). Oct., 1878— Sept., 1883. 2 v. F. 
 
 — Same (d). Sept., 1883— July, 1884. F. 
 
 Successor (-Oct., 1878) of Mil. Daily Law Bulletin (founded Jan., 1877, 
 by Fouse, Hirschberger & Co.) ; published by Samuel Howard and C. D. 
 Kendriek; suspended July, 1884. 
 
 Wisconsin Legal News (w). Vol. 1. Nos. 1-6. 1895. F. 
 
 [ 390 ] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Milwaukee Literary Messenger (m; w). Sept. — Dec., 1873; May, 
 1874. 0. 
 
 File for May, 1874, bound with Mil. N. W. Advance, 1874. See also 
 Mil. Literary Review. 
 
 Milwaukee Literary Review (m). Vol. 5. May — Sept., 1873. Q. 
 
 Founded 1869 by T. Warsaw Williams, apparently styled Mil. Literary 
 Messenger till Dec, 1872. Conducted by Williams till Sept., 1873, then 
 merged with Golden Star Magazine, and published by Williams and W. J. 
 Holcombe as Mil. Literary Messenger. Issued (m) till end of 1873; 
 then (w). Absorbed Mil. Monthly Souvenir (Feb. 1873), Spare Hours 
 (Mar., 1873), and Busy West (May, 1873). 
 
 Living Church (w). Vols. 31-43. May, 1904-1910. 13 v. F. 1911+ 
 See same title under Chicago, 111. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 Wisconsin Lumberman (m). Vols. 1-3. Oct., 1872 — Mar., 1875. 3 T. 
 O. 
 
 Devoted to lumbering interests of Northwest; edited by B. B. Northrop, 
 H. A. Chittenden Jr., anc! W. H. Bishop ; in Dec, 1874, purchased by 
 publishers of Commercial Times, q. v. 
 
 Milwaukee Mail (w). May — Aug., 1894. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1894, by Walter W. Pollock, as a "West-side" newspaper. 
 Short-lived. 
 
 Masonic Tidings (m). Vols. 1-9. Feb., 1886-95. 9 v. in 2. F*. 
 
 Established by M. h. Youngs and J. W. Laflin as organ of Masonic 
 order. Owned by Jacob Dreher and W. W. Perry, Jan., 1908 — Jan., 
 1909; since then, Ralph E. Perry, and edited by W. W. Perry. 
 
 Bulletin of Merchants' and Manufacturers' Association (m). 1906- 
 1908. 2 v. D. 1909— July, 1910. 
 
 Devoted to Milwaukee trade advancement. Styled Civics and Com- 
 merce, q. t., since July, 1910. 
 
 Mercury (m). Vols. 3-13. 1894-1905 (incomp.). Q. 1906+ 
 
 Published by East Division High School. 
 
 Milwaukian (w). Oct. 28, Nov. 4, 1844. 
 
 File bound with Milwaukee Commercial Herald, 1843-44. 
 
 Miner and Manufacturer (w; m). Mar. — Oct, 1887. F*. 
 
 Established Mar., 1887, by Chase S. Osborn and David H. Anderson; 
 In following Oct., merged in Industrial West, q. v. 
 
 Mining Reporter (w). Feb— Oct., 1887. F*. 
 
 Founded in Feb., 1887, by Walter W. Pollock ; after May, styled Re- 
 porter; in following Oct. merged in Industrial West, q. v. 
 
 Daily National. Sept. — Nov., 1859. F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1859, by Flavin Bros. ; suspended in Nov. following. 
 Democratic. 
 
 [391 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis., continued: 
 
 New Education. 
 
 See Kindergarten Messenger and the New Education. 
 
 Daily Milwaukee News. 1853, 3 nos. May, 1856— •Feb., 1858. 3 v. 
 Ff. Mar. 5, 1858. Jan. 15, 1859. Mar. — Dec., 1859. 2 v. F*. 
 Apr., 1864-70. 21 v. F". 1871-80. 21 v. Ft. 
 
 Same (w). Sept. 2, 1862. 
 
 Established (d and tri-w) May, 1852, by Daniel Shaw and George 
 Hyer, a successor of Commercial Advertiser, q. v. ; suspended in spring of 
 1854. Revived (w) in following Aug., by G. W. Clason and C. F. Hunts- 
 man ; edited by Shaw till Mar., 1855 ; continued one year by Clason and 
 C. S. Benton (edited by latter). Purchased by J. R. Sharpstein, Apr., 
 1856 ; continued by him till Dec, 1860 (in partnership with Joseph 
 Lathrop after 1856). Edited by Lathrop, during 1856; J. C. Bunner, 
 Jan. — Apr., 1857 ; F. A. Eastman, Apr., 1857 — June, 1858 ; M. M. Pome- 
 roy, Dec, 1858-59. Until May, 1856, styled Milwaukee News. Absorbed 
 Milwaukee American, q. v., Nov., 1857. Consolidated Dec, 1860, with 
 Daily People's Press (established in preceding Aug. by Beriah Brown), 
 and styled Daily People's Press and News; published by C. H. Orton & 
 Co., edited by Brown, who supported Douglas. In July, 1861, Sharpstein 
 & Lathrop resumed ownership and former title ; but in Sept., 1862, sold 
 News to George H. Paul (editor since Oct., 1861) and J. M. Lyon. Con- 
 ducted by Paul till May, 1874 (after 1870, as president of Mil. News Co.) ; 
 controlled successively by E. A. Calkins (May, 1874 — Sept., 1875), Alonzo 
 L. Kane, A. M. Thomson (1876), E. W. Magann (after June, 1877). In 
 Dec, 1879, James S. White became sole proprietor ; one year later, sold to 
 Horace Eublee & Co., and succeeded by Republican and News, q. v. Among 
 editors were : Paul, Oct., 1861 — Sept., 1870 ; Lyon, till his death, Nov., 
 1868 ; S. Cadwallader, Dec, 1866 — June, 1874 ; C. L. Sholes, Oct. — Dec, 
 1870, and Dec, 1873— May, 1874 ; Calkins, Apr., 1871— Aug., 1876 ; Rob- 
 ertson James; John C. Keefe, July — Dec, 1877; M. A. Aldrich, 1878; 
 O. P. Jones, Aug., 1876-77; H. A. Chittenden, 1878; White, 1880. In 
 1878 absorbed Commercial Times, q. v. Democratic. 
 
 Milwaukee Daily News. May, 1889-1910. 61 v. Fo. 1911+ 
 
 Established May, 1889, as Milwaukee Daily News and Review (sub- 
 title dropped since 1891), to be successor of Daily Review. Publii I 
 since then by News Pub. Co. (editor, M. A. Hoyt; business manager, WV 
 H. Park). Independent. 
 
 Daily Review succeeded (Mar., 1887) Labor Review (w) ; published by 
 W. H. Park. 
 
 Wisconsin Odd Fellow (m). Vols. 1-2. 1893-94. Q. 
 
 Pounded 1893 by Louis Schroeder, and conducted by him till 1894. No 
 later mention in directories. 
 
 Old Oaken Bucket. 
 
 See same title under Racine. 
 
 [392] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Our Boys (m). July, 1907+ O. 
 
 Issued since July, 1907, by Wisconsin Home and Farm School at Dons- 
 man. 
 
 St. James Pabish Mirror (m). 1891. Q. 
 
 Issued as organ of St. James Prot. Bpisc. church, Oct., 1888 — July, 
 1905 ; then discontinued. 
 
 Wisconsin Patriot (w). Aug., 1894 — June, 1898. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1893, by A. C. Macrorie and Fred. Meyer ; published by 
 them till Sept., 1893 ; s<ince then by Macrorie (editor throughout) and B. 
 S. Davis. Independent ; organ of Amer. Protective Association. Ab- 
 sorbed by Altruist (q. v.), June, 1898. 
 
 Peck's Sun. 
 
 See Saturday Star. 
 
 Plymouth Rock (m). Vols. 2-11. 1885— Apr., 1894. Q. 
 
 Issued as organ of Plymouth Cong, church, 1883 — June, 1900 ; then 
 discontinued. 
 
 Pneumatic (m). Vols. 1-7. April, 1892-1900. 5 v. Q. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1892, by M. C. KotieT, and thereafter published and 
 edited by him. Non-political ; devoted to bicycling and road Improve- 
 ment ; organ of Wis. Division, League of American Wheelmen ; Illustrated. 
 Suspended in 1900. 
 
 Pbinteb's Bulletin (w). 1884, 3 nos. 
 
 Progress (s-m). Vol. 1. Mar— July, 1879. F«. 
 
 Published four months by Literary Section of Progress Club. 
 
 PEOHiBnioNiST (w). Jan. — Sept., 1884. P». 
 
 Established Jan., 1884, by Ira C. Edwards and Lemuel H. Doyle. Re- 
 moved to Madison, q. v., In Sept. following. 
 
 Realty and Building Record (w). Vols. 1-3. Mar., 1891 — June, 1893. 
 3 v. F. 
 
 Established Mar., 1891, by W. W. Pollock and J. C. Bartholf; con- 
 ducted by Pollock (alone after following Oct.), till Feb., 1893; then styled 
 Milwaukee Record. Illustrated. 
 
 Record (d). Nov., 1895-Mar., 1897. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1895 by Mil. Pub. Co., and conducted by them till 1897. No 
 later mention In directories. Independent. 
 
 Record (w). Vol. 1. Nos. 1-3. Apr.— May, 1892. 
 
 Established by L. A. Proctor; suspended after third week. Literary 
 and political (politically independent). 
 
 Northwestern Recorder (w; m). Dec, 1892— Mar., 1893. T*-i. 
 
 Successor of Wis. Afro-American, q. v. Published by Jones & Brown. 
 Soon suspended. 
 
 T393] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis., continued: 
 
 Republican and News (d). 1881— May, 1882. 4 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1881, by Horace Rublee, as successor of Daily Milwaukee 
 News, q. v. ; consolidated with Sentinel, May, 1882. Republican. 
 
 Daily Republican-Sentinel. 
 
 Title given to consolidated Republican, and News and Daily Sentinel, 
 q. v., during May — Dec, 1882 ; then title of Daily Sentinel was resumed. 
 
 Rovnost (d). Bohemian. Sept. — Dec, 1892. Fs. 
 
 Edited by J. Rudis-Jicinsky and B. Gregr ; published by P. V. Schiss- 
 ler. Apparently short-lived. Since 1896 a weekly of the same name has 
 been issued by Rovnost Pub. Co., edited at present by Edward A. Krall. 
 
 Rush-Light (m). July, 1S92. Aug., Sept., 1895. Q. 
 
 American School Board Journal (m). Vols. 1-37. 1891-1908. 16 T, 
 Q. 1909+ 
 
 Established (1891) by W. G. Bruce; and since conducted by him. Re- 
 ports proceedings of school boards in United States and Canada. 
 
 School Board Journal. 
 
 See American School Board Journal. 
 
 School Bulletin and Northwestern Journal of Education (m).- Dec., 
 1875— Nov., 1876. Indexed. Q. 
 
 v N. W. Journal of Education established July, 1875, as Western edition 
 of School Bulletin and N. Y. State Educational Journal, Syracuse, N. Y. 
 At the same time, the Public School Record (established Sept., 1874, by 
 S. R. Winchell) was merged in N. W. Journal of Education, and title 
 changed to School Bulletin. Merged Dec, 1876,' in National Journal of 
 Education, Chicago, edited by W. F. Phelps. 
 
 School Monthly. Vols. 1-3. Sept., 1867— J Feb., 1870. O. 
 
 Established by Milwaukee Teachers' Assn. to succeed Wisconsin Journal 
 of Education (q. v. under Madison), at that time suspended. Edited by 
 S. D. Gaylord, assisted during second year by J. J. Lalor and Patrick Con- 
 nolly; transferred by Assn. to Gaylord (Oct., 1869), and published by him 
 as organ of Wis. State Teachers' Assn. and of state superintendent of 
 public instruction. 
 
 Milwaukee Seebote (w; s-w). 1865— June, 186©. 2 v. F«. June, 
 1866— Apr., 1889. 9 v. Fs. May, 1889-1908. 21 v. Ft. 1909+ 
 
 Same. Sunday edition. 1908+ 
 
 Established (w) Dec, 1851 — daily edition, Jan., 1852 ; owned by stock 
 company during first year, then by August Greulich, N. Paul, and Philip 
 Rlckert; published by them till Sept., 1856; P. V. Deuster and Greulich, 
 till Jan., 1860 ; P. V. Deuster alone, Jan., 1860 — July, 1879 ; since then, 
 P. V. Deuster Co. Editors : A. de St. Vincent, 1852-53 ; F. J. Felsecker, 
 1853-55 ; August Knorr, 1855-57 ; Christian Ott, 1857-68 ; Karl Kunz, 
 1868-74 ; Emil Knotzer, 1874-87 ; since then, George Meyer, William 
 
 [394] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Pieper, Dr. Oscai V. Denster, and Joseph C. Hoffmann ; P. V. Deuster, 
 editor-in-chief, 1860-1904. Absorbed daily Banner und Volksfreund, q. v., 
 1885. Issued in 1889 a Sunday publication, Telephon; also publishes 
 
 Am Hauslichen Herd (w), q. v. Independent Democratic. 
 
 Semi-Centennial (1846-96). Oct. 16, 1895. F«. 
 
 Special editions of Milwaukee dailies bound together. 
 
 Milwaukee Daily Sentinel. Dec. 10-31, 1844. Jan. — Apr., 1845. F'. 
 May, 1845— June, 1846. 3 v. F». July, 1846— June, 1865. 38 V. 
 FT. July, 1865— Apr., 1873. 16 v. F«. May, 1873-1910. 166 v. 
 F. 1911+ 
 
 First daily in Wisconsin ; founded Dec, 1844, by John S. Fillmore and 
 D. M. Keeler ; edited by C. L. MacArthur during first six weeks ; Jason 
 Downer. Mar. — Sept., ] 845 ; then Rufus King, who soon afterward be- 
 came also owner. Continued by him (in partnership with W. D. Wilson, 
 Feb., 1846 — Apr., 184S ; with W. J. A. Fuller, Oct., 1848— Aug., 1851; 
 then with John S. Fillmore and W. H. Watson, the former till Feb., 1856, 
 the latter to end of King's term) till July, 1857 ; then sold to T. D. Jer- 
 main and H. Brightman. Conducted by them till Oct., 1870 ; then pur- 
 chased by W. G. Roberts and A. M. Thomson, and thereafter published by 
 stock company — styled Milwaukee Pub. Co., 1870-72 ; since then, Sentinel 
 Co. Edited by Rufus King till Apr., 1861 ; C. L. Sholes, May, 1861 — 
 Aug., 1863; A. M. Thomson, Aug., 1863-64; J. M. Bundy (afterward of 
 N. Y. Mail and Express,, 1864 — Mar., 1865; Charles W. Willard, May, 
 1865-66; Haydn K. Smith, 1867-70; A. N. Thomson, Oct., 1870— Dec, 
 1875; A. C. Botkin, 1874-77; J. L. Kaine, 1877-80; Amos Wright, 
 Theron W. Haight, and Elijah W. Halford, 1880-82 ; Horace Rublee, 
 1882-1806 ; Harry P. Myrick, 1896-1901 ; Lansing Warren, Feb.— Oct., 
 1901 ; George H. Ciemons, 1901-1903 ; Malcolm C. Douglas, 1903-1908 ; 
 since then, John Poppendieck Jr. (also business manager). Absorbed 
 Commercial Herald, Dec, 1844 ; Milwaukee Daily Gazette, Feb., 1846, and 
 styled Sentinel and Gazette till Dec, 1851. Consolidated with Republican 
 and News, May, 1882, and styled Republican and Sentinel. Since Jan., 
 1883, styled Milwaukee Sentinel. Acquired in Feb., 1901, by company in 
 which Charles F. Pfister holds controlling interest. All-day editions since 
 Mar. 1, 1909. Sunday Sentinel instituted Mar. 30, 1873 ; discontinued 
 Oct. 5. 1873 ; permanently established Nov. 9, 1879. It is claimed that 
 John S. Fillmore introduced the first newsboys in Milwaukee (1844). 
 Republican. 
 
 Milwaukee Sentinel (w). 1838— June, 1842; July, 1842— May, 1845; 
 
 Jan., 1846— Aug., 1847; Jan., 1871— Dec, 1872; 1880; 1891-94. 
 
 7 v. F". 
 
 In spring of 1837, proposals were issued for publication, in June fol- 
 lowing, of Sentinel, by J. O'Rourke; and of Wis. Pioneer, by Philo White, 
 with financial aid of Solomon Juneau. These two enterprises were merged, 
 and In June the Sentinel appeared, published by O'Rourke, and edited 
 by White; financially aided by Juneau and by Achilles J. Rousseau, of 
 Troy, N. Y ; advocated interests of Juneau and his East Side Town-plat. 
 After three months, White was succeeded by Harrison Reed, who in turn 
 became proprietor after O'Rourke's death ; conducted by him till May, 
 
 [395] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis., continued: 
 
 1842 (except Aug. — Oct., 1841, when by foreclosure of a mortgage H. N. 
 Wells became owner, and Clinton Walworth editor) ; Silas Chapman was 
 a partner, during last three months. May, 1842, Elisha Starr became 
 owner; conducted by him till Jan., 1845 (C. L. MacArthur, editor during 
 last year) ; then by John S. Fillmore and D. M. Keeler, till Feb., 1845 ; 
 Fillmore and Jason Downer, six months ; then Eufus King. Styled Mil- 
 waukie Sentinel and Wis. Farmer, Oct., 1841 — Feb., 1842 ; Sentinel and 
 Farmer, Feb. — June, 1842. Democratic till 1840; then Whig. 
 See also Commercial Herald and Milwaukee Gazette. 
 
 Evening Signal (d). Aug., 1879 — May, 1880. F«. 
 
 Established July, 1879, by C. J. Pratt; edited, first three weeks, by 
 George Baber, till Dec, 1879 ; published by Pratt till Mar., 1880 ; con- 
 tinued by George Godfrey two months ; succeeded May, 1880, by Chronicle, 
 q. v. Independent Democratic. 
 
 Social Mirror. 
 
 See Yenowine's News. 
 
 Social Democratic Herald (w). July, 1898 — Apr., 1899; June, 1899 — 
 Oct. 1900 ! (incomp.); Nov., 1901-1910. 4 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded July, 1898, in Chicago. Issued as organ of Social Democratic 
 party till 1901 ; then moved to Milwaukee and continued as private en- 
 terprise. Conducted by Victor Berger and Elizabeth Thomas, with A. S. 
 Edwards as assistant editor, till 1902 ; then incorporated, and since man- 
 aged by H. W. Bistorius and edited by Frederick Heath. See A Story of 
 Progress in the Propaganda of Socialism (Mil. Soc.-Dem. Pub. Co., 1911). 
 
 Saturday Stab (w). May, 1889 — Mar., 1897. 5 v. P. 
 
 Established May, 1889, by E. W. and H. E. Dankoler ; published by them 
 till Jan., 1894 ; then Dankoler alone. Consolidated with Peck's Sun and 
 South Milwaukee Star, Dec, 1894, under title of Peck's Sun and Saturday 
 Star, and so published till 1897. Independent ; also literary and humor- 
 ous. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Peck's Sun, founded at La Crosse, May, 1874, by George W. Peek; re- 
 moved hither, March, 1878 ; published by Peck till Dec, 1890 ; then by his 
 son, George W. Purchased by Annette Dankoler, Sept., 1894 ; in following 
 Dec, consolidated with Saturday Star. 
 
 Wis. State Work of Y. M. C. A. (m). 1888-97. O. 
 
 Solitabitjs (m). May, 1909. 
 Founded 1908. 
 
 Sonntagsblatt der Banner und Volksfreund (w). Feb., 1879 — May, 
 1880. F e. 
 See Wis. Banner und Volksfreund. 
 
 Sonntagsblatt der Freie Presse (w). May, 1880 — June, 1885. 2 v. F». 
 File for 1880 bound with Sonntagsllatt der Banner und Volksfreund, 
 1879-80. 
 
 [396] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Sonntagsblatt der Herold (w). 1874-76. 2 t. F. 
 
 Spectroscope (w). Dec, 1875 — June, 1876. F". 
 
 Established Sept., 1875, as a department in Watertown Republican, 
 q. v. ; edited by Marion V. Dudley ; in following Dec, this department was 
 united with Liberal Worker, of Sharon, q. v., and the two moved to Mil- 
 waukee, where a new journal was established, styled Spectroscope, edited 
 by Mrs. Dudley and George W. Cooke ; this was suspended June, 1876 ; 
 Dec. following, merged in Ken: Age, of Boston (Mrs. Dudley becoming one 
 of its editors). Liberal religious. 
 
 Stadt und Land (w). Feb., 1879-80. Ft. 
 
 Established Aug., 1875, as literary supplement of Banner und Volks- 
 Jreund, q. v. 
 
 Milwaukee Sunday Telegraph (w). Dec, 1878 — Nov., 1899. 11 v. F«. 
 Founded Dec, 1878, by E. A. Calkins and C. C. Bowsfleld ; published 
 by them till July, 1879 ; Calkins and J. A. Watrous, July, 1879 — April, 
 1884 ; then J. A. Watrous (in partnership with S. C. Mower, April, 1884, 
 till his death, a year later) ; E. B. Watrous, associate editor and business 
 manager, since April, 1891. Styled Milwaukee Telegraph since May, 
 1891. Organ of Grand Army of Republic, since 1882. Suspended, Not., 
 1899. Independent till April, 1884 ; thereafter, Republican. 
 
 Wisconsin Temperance League (w). June — Sept., 1854. P«. 
 
 Established Dec, 1853, as organ of State Temperance League of Wis- 
 consin ; J. Ford, editor ; apparently suspended, Sept., 1854. 
 
 Milwaukee Times (d). Oct.— Nov., 1893. F«. 
 
 Removed hither from Madison, y. v. ; suspended in following Nov. 
 Democratic 
 
 Northwestern Trade Bulletin (w). May, 1879 — May, 1884. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Founded May, 1879, by Trayser Bros. ; during first three months, 
 styled Northwestern Grocer; devoted to interests of retail trade. 
 
 Turnzeitung-Freidenker (w). Jan., 1879 — 1881. 2 v. F<s. 
 
 Union Signal (w). Nov., 1894-1902. 4v. Fe. 
 
 Established 1893 by Fred W. Stearns; conducted by him till 1905; 
 then by Signal Pub. Co., till 1907. No later mention in directories. Ab- 
 sorbed Industrial Register Maj-, 1894. Populist; in interests of trades- 
 unions. 
 
 Unionist. March 27, 1846. 
 
 Organ of opposition to ' proposed division of Milwaukee County. Fil» 
 bound with Waukesha American Freeman, 1846-48. 
 
 United States Miller (m). Nov., 1878— Apr., 1885. 2 v. F=. May, 
 1885-94. 3 v. F. 
 
 Established May, 1876; edited and owned by E. H. Cawker till Oct., 
 1891 ; then purchased by S. H. Seamans ; sold to Otis Colbron, Nov., 1894, 
 and consolidated with Wis. Weather and Crop Journal, q. v. In Apr., 
 1889, absorbed Milling Engineer, published by E. P. Allis & Co. 
 
 r 397] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis., continued: 
 
 Voice of People. Nos. 2-6. Oct. — Nov., 1910. 
 Social Democratic campaign organ. 
 
 Vouksfbeund (w). July, 1847— Feb., 1848. F*. Feb., 1848— Feb., 
 1849. F5. Feb., 1849— Feb., 1850. F«. 3 v. 
 
 Same (d). 1850-52 (unbound). 
 
 See Wisconsin Banner und Tollesfreund. 
 
 Volks-Magazine (w). 1872-85 (unbound). F». 
 Published Sundays by Eerold. 
 
 "Vobwarts!" (w). Nov., 1894-1900; 1902-1908. 5 v. F6. 1909+ 
 
 Sunday edition of Wisconsin Yorw&rts, q. v. Organ of Social Demo- 
 cratic Party in Wisconsin since Aug., 1898, Edited by Victor Berger. 
 Pile bound with daily edition till July, 1898. 
 
 Wisconsin VorwIbts und Milwaukee Volkszeitung, Arbeiterszeitung, 
 und Tagliche Reformer (d). 1893. 2 v. F^. 1894 — Aug., 1898. 
 
 9 v. F«. 
 
 Established Jan., 1882, by Michael Biron, as Arminia (m) ; published 
 w. after 1885, as official organ of local Socialistic Labor party ; tri-w. 
 during May, lS8t>, and daily thereafter, by ArbeiteT-Zeitung Pub. Society 
 (headed by Paul Grottkau), under title, Milwaukee Arbeiter-Zeitung. 
 After July, 1888, published by Socialistic Pub. Soc. (Val. Blatz, busi- 
 ness manager). Absorbed Daily Reformer, Dec, 1889, and styled Mil- 
 waukee Yolkseeitung ; on dissolution of Socialistic Pub. Soc, late in, 
 1891, was transferred to Michael Biron (Valentine Raeth, business man- 
 ager) ; since Jan., 1893, published by Victor L. Berger and Eaeth, under 
 title, Wisconsin Yorwarts. Editors : Biron, 1882 — Apr., 1886 ; Grott- 
 kau and Edward Loew, May, 1886 — July, 1888 ; Simon Hickler, July — 
 Dec, 1888; Blatz, Dec, 1888-^May, 1889; Jacob Hunger, May, 1889— 
 Jan., 1890; Simon Hickler, Feb., 1890— June, 1891; Gustave A. Rahn, 
 two months ; Biron, Aug., 1891 — Dec, 1892 ; Victor Berger, 1893 till 
 suspension of daily edition, Aug. 17, 1898. Socialistic official organ of 
 American and State Federation of Labor, and of Federated Trades Coun- 
 cil of Milwaukee. 
 See also Yorwarts. 
 
 Wahrheit (w). 1893—1894. Ft. Nov., 1894— June, 1910. 9 v. F*. 
 Weekly issue of Wisconsin Yorwarts, q. v. ; established Jan., 1889. 
 Edited by Victor Berger till suspended, June, 1910. 
 
 Wisconsin Weather and Crop Journal (m). Vols. 1-5. 1892-95. 4 v. 
 
 in 1. Q. 
 
 Official publication of Wis. Weather Service ; edited by Willis S. Moore 
 till May, 1894, then by Samuel C. Emery till merged In 17. S._ Miller, 
 q. v., Oct., 1894. 
 
 Western Church (w). Sept., 1876-Nov., 1880. 2 v. F. 
 
 Successor of American Churchman; owned and edited by E. R. Ward; 
 suspended Nov., 1880. Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 [398] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Whist (m). Vols. 1-11. June, 1891-1902. 11 v. in 7. Q. 
 
 Published by Whist Pub. Co. ; edited by Cassius M. Paine (assisted by 
 George W. Hall, June — Oct., 1891), till 1907. No later mention in 
 directories. IS'on-political ; devoted to social games, particularly whist. 
 
 Daily Wisconsin. Apr., 1848-Apr., 1851; 1855; July, 1857-58; Sept., 
 1859-62. 15 v. Ft. 1853; 1854-1857; 1863-Sept. 9, 1865, scat- 
 tering nos.'; 1866-June, 1867. 14 v. F«. 
 
 Evening Wisconsin (d). 1870; Oct., 1881— June, 1882. 3 v. F», 
 July, 1882—1910. 97 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 . Pounded 1848, by W. E. Cramer and Joseph Curtis ; thereafter con- 
 tinued by Cramer (in partnership with Curtis till Sept., 1850; with 
 C. S. Hurley, Sept., 1850— Oct., 1852 ; with John F. Cramer, after June, 
 1864; with A. J. Aikcns, after July, 1868). Edited by Cramer from its 
 foundation ; Aikcns. after 1854. Associate editors have been : Lewis A. 
 Proctor, Mar., 1863-81; S. M. Booth, Apr., 1865— Apr., 1866; C. C. 
 Meservey, May, 1870-71 ; John C. Keefe, 1873-76 ; Walter E. Gardner, 
 Jan., 1877 — Aug., 1889, and 1893— July, 1894; John G. Gregory, since 
 Aug., 1889. Semi-weekly established Nov., 1862. Absorbed Free Demo- 
 crat (d and tri-w), q. v., Oct., 1861; and Daily Life, Apr., 1865. In 
 1863, Aikens invented plan of co-operative advertising — an adaptation of 
 "patent insides." Democratic, till 1856 ; since then, Independent Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Dailti Life established Aug., 1861, by Sherman M. Booth, assisted by 
 Mary H. C. Booth, and by C. .T. Allen (till Feb., 1862). In Oct., 1861, 
 became tri-weekly : and, soon afteT, a weekly. Continued till Apr., 1865, 
 then merged in Wisconsin. 
 
 Semi-Weekly Wisconsin. 1862, scat. nos. 1863-64. Fa. 1865-Aug., 
 1882. 9 v. Ft. 
 
 Weekly Wisconsin. June, 1847-Nov., 1849; Aug., 1849-57, 4 v. Dec. 
 31, 1862. July, 1883-Apr., 1886. W. 
 
 Founded June, 1847, as successor of Courier, q. v., by William E. 
 Cramer and Joseph Curtis ; thereafter published by Cramer. 
 
 Wisconsin Issue (m). Nov., 1905 — 1907. F«. 
 See American Issue. 
 
 Yenowine's Illustrated News (w). Aug. 1885 — Mar., 1889. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Mar.-Aug. 1889. F*. Sept., 1889-1896; 4 v. F«. 1897. F*. 
 Founded Apr., 1885, by George H. Yenowine ; published by him till 
 
 Nov., 1895; then bought by Social Mirror (founded May, 1895, by Mark 
 Forrest and Fred P. Tibbits), but retained old name till Jan., 1897; then 
 
 styled Illustrated News till Nov. ; thereafter Events, q. v. Edited by T. 
 W. Halght. 1885-90 ; then by Yenowine. Printed in Chicago, 1885-86 ; 
 
 absorbed Chicago Music and Drama (1886), and Milwaukee Chic (1889). 
 Styled Yenowine's Nemn till Dec, 1890. Removed from Milwaukee to 
 Chicago, Dec, 1S97. Independent ; devoted to society, art and drama. 
 
 Young Churchman (w). Feb., 1896-Aug., 1905. 3 v. Fs. Sept.), 
 1905-1910. 5 v. O. 1911+ 
 Protestant Episcopal. 
 
 [399] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Milwaukee, "Wis., continued: 
 
 Badger Workman (m). June, 1901. 
 See same title, under Wonewoc. 
 
 Mineral Point 
 
 Democrat (w). Oct., 17, 1855. 
 
 Founded July, 1855; edited by Edmond R. Otis. Pile bound with 
 Mineral Point Democrat, 1845. 
 
 Iowa County Democrat (w). 1877-80. 2 v. P«. 1881— July, 1891. 
 
 4 v. Fi. Aug., 1891— May, 1910. 9 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1866, by John Herron and William H. Peck, under title 
 of National Democrat; conducted by them two years ; T. S. Ansley (with 
 Peck as editor), one year; sold to Peck, Aug., 1869, and conducted by 
 him till Not., 1874 ; followed by Albert Watkins and George Crawford, 
 till May, 1877 ; since then, by R. M. and George Crawford. Styled Iowa 
 County Democrat, Dec, 1877. Democratic. 
 
 Mineral Point Democbat (w). Apr-Dec, 1845. Nov. 2, 1853. F«. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1S45, by C. C. Britt, published eight months, then re- 
 moved to Madison, and continued as Wis. Democrat, q. v. In the edi- 
 torial columns of this paper was made (Oct. 22, 1845) the first public 
 suggestion for the organization of the Wis. State Historical Society — a 
 proposal seconded by the Madison Argus, q. v. (Oct. 28, 1845). 
 
 National Democrat (w). Sept., 1866; 1868; Aug., 1869-70 (incomp.); 
 1871-73. 2 v. Ff. 1874-76. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Mineral Point Free Press (w). 1842, 6 nos.; 1843. 2 nos. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1841, by Henry Plowman ; published by him nearly two 
 years. File bound with Miners' Free Press, 1838—41. 
 
 Home Intelligences (w). May, 1859-June, 1865. Fs. 
 
 Established May, 1859, by John Herron and John D. Lemmon ; after 
 four months. Herron alone. Democratic. Files for 1859, 1864, and 
 1865, bound with Mim. Pt. Tribune for those years. 
 
 Miners* Free Press (w). Sept. 1, 1837. 
 
 Founded .Tune, 1837 (with material of Belmont Gazette, q. v.), by 
 M. D. Holbrook : soon passed into hands of William S. Hamilton (son 
 of Alexander Hamilton) ; sold to Galena msn. Mar., 1838, and re- 
 moved thither : continued as Galena Democrat. Democratic (except 
 under Hamilton, Whig). 
 
 Miner's Free Press (w). July, 1838- June, 1841. F«. 
 
 Founded July, 1838, by Henry B. Welsh and Henry Plowman ; pub- 
 lished by them till Apr., 1841 ; then bought by Samuel B. Knapp, and 
 edited by John Delany ; suspended Aug., 1841. Revived by Plowman In 
 Dec. following, under title of Min. Pt. Free Press, q. v. Democratic. 
 
 Wis. Temperance Journal. 
 
 See Western Templar, Madison. 
 
 [400] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Mineral Point Tbibune (w). 1854-59; 1861-1870. 6 v. Fh 1871-72. 
 F=. 1873. F«. 1874-Aug., 1881. 4 v. F=. Sept., 1881-1908. 
 13 v. P8. 1909+ 
 
 Established Sept., 1847, by George W. Bliss ; published by him till 
 May, 1869 (in partnership with Josiah B. Chaney — now assistant 
 librarian of Minn. State Hist. Soc, from 1852 to Sept., 1854 ; and 
 with his son, Edward TJ. Bliss, after 1857) ; leased to G. H. Otis, July, 
 1864 — Feb., 1865, Bliss remaining editor. After June, 1869, conducted 
 by W. H. Bennett (in partnership with J. B. Teasdale), to Mar., 1871; 
 and with B. J. Bennett, 1882-91, and since 1893 till 1906 ; since then 
 by B. J. Bennett. Leased to G. D. Cline, during 1875. Styled Wis. 
 Tribune till 18n2. Issued semi-weekly, May — Sept., 1881. At Brst. 
 Whig; since 1856, Republican. 
 
 Wisconsin Tbibune (w). Sept., 1847 — Sept., 1848; Oct., 1849 — Oct., 
 1851. P«. 
 
 Minocqua 
 
 Minocqua Times (w). 1896—1909. 7 v. F «. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Apr., 1891, by Henry C. Morrill and conducted by him till 
 Nov., 1892 ; since then, Charles W. Hooper. Republican. 
 
 Mondovi 
 
 Buffalo County Hebald (w). Oct., 1876 — Aug., 1879. ps. 1882-84. 
 F', 1885-90. 3 v. F«. 
 See Mondovi Herald. 
 
 Mondovi Hebald (w). 1891-1908. 9 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded by Walter L. Hbuser, Feb., 1876; conducted by him one year; 
 George E. Gllkey, one year; W. H. and Charles E. Edes. 1878 — Apr., 
 1879 ; then purchased by Gilkey, and conducted by him two years (in 
 partnership with Houser, in 1880); Houser, 1881-83; J. C. Rathbun, 
 1883-85 ; Houser, 1885-93 ; since then, Houser aW W. H. Smith. Styled 
 Mondovi Herald, since June, 1890. Republican. 
 
 Monroe 
 
 Gazette (w). Mar.-Nov., 1882. F<\ 
 
 Established Not., 1881, by J. W. Odell, as successor of Jefferson Inde- 
 pendent (published by him at Jefferson, July, 1879 — July, 1881) ; styled 
 Monroe Gazette, 1883 ; continued by Odell till Nov., 1888 ; W. T. Giles, 
 till July, 1896, when merged with Sun as Sun-Gazette, q. v. Daily Is- 
 sued by Odell, during campaign of 1888. Democratic. File bound with 
 Monroe Bun, 1882. 
 
 Monroe Journal (d). 1899—1910. 24 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded 1888 as County Journal, by L. A. Woodle and F. F. Turner, 
 and conducted by them till 1897 ; since then, Woodle & Son. Inde- 
 pendent. See also, Journal-Gazette. 
 
 Joubnal-Gazette (w). July, 1898-1909. 6 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Consolidation of Journal and Sun-Gazette, q. v. Published by L. A. 
 Woodle (latterly with his son). Republican. 
 26— N. C. " 401 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Monboe, Wis., continued: 
 
 Green County Reformer (w). 1874-77. F». 1878-May, 18S0. Ft. 
 Successor of Green County Republican, q. v. ; conducted by F. J. Mills, 
 Jan. — April, 1874 ; G. J. Patton, eight months ; I. T. Carr and William 
 Bullock, during 1875 ; Carr alone, 1876 — Dec, 1877 ; then purchased by 
 F. E. Fillmore and W. D. Mathews, and conducted by them till May, 
 1878 ; Mathews alone, till its suspension, May, 1880. Daily issued 
 in 1879, till Oct. ; an extra weekly was then issued in its place. Demo- 
 cratic. 
 
 Remington's Swamp Angel (irreg.). Jan. 19, 1899. 
 
 Green County Republican (w). July, 1871-73. P'. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1870, by A. W. Potter; conducted by him four years 
 (in partnership after Oct., 1873, with George H. King) ; F. J. Mills, 
 during Dec, 1873 ; succeeded Jan., 1874, by Green Co. Reformer, q. v. 
 In Sept., 1873, absorbed Liberal Press (founded late in 1872, by F. J. 
 Mills), and then styled Republican and Press. 
 
 Monroe Sentinel (w). May 25, 1853; May, 1854-56. Fs. 1857-89. 
 11 v. F 7. 1890-92. 2 v. F «. 1893—1908. 8 v. F'. 1909+ 
 Successor of Green Co. Union (first paper in Green County) ; con- 
 tinued April, 1851, under title of Monroe Sentinel, by John W. Stewart 
 Publishers and editors : Stewart, May — Sept., 1851 ; John Walworth 
 and O. D. Moulton, Oct., 1851— Sept., 1854; N. L. Stout and G. W. 
 Tenney, one year; Tenney alone, Sept., 1855 — July, 1860 (Edmund A. 
 West, political editor after April, 1859) ; James Bintliff and E. E. 
 Bryant, Aug., 1860— May, 1861 ; Bintliff alone, till Nov., 1861 ; as 
 both had entered the Union army, Bryant's interest was purchased by 
 E. E. Carr, and Sentmel conducted by him ; sold, by Bintliff and Carr 
 to A. J. High and Charles A. Booth, July, 1865 ; conducted since then by 
 Booth (in partnership with High, till Dec, 1870 ; with S. E. Gardner, 
 1871 — Feb., 1872). Booth has been connected with the paper since 
 1858, as printer, war correspondent from the front, editor, and owner 
 Since Feb., 1900 his son, Max G. Booth, has been associate editor. Un- 
 der Stewart, Whig; under Walworth, Free-Soil Democrat (claimed to be 
 first Democratic paper in Wisconsin to oppose extension of slavery) ; 
 since then, Republican. Walworth was chairman of convention that 
 organized Republican party in Wisconsin (Madison, July, 1854). See 
 historical articles on "Green Co. Press," in Sentinel, April, 1870, and 
 Jan. 19, 1876 ; also chapter thereon in Hist, of Green Co. (Springfield, 
 111., 1884). 
 
 "Wisconsin State Rights (w). May, 1859 — Nov., 1860. F«. 
 
 Established by N. L. Stout, Mar., 1859 ; removed to Stevens Point, 
 Mar., 1861 ; suspended after Stout's enlistment in Union army (Nov., 
 1861). Advocated State rights, tariff for revenue, and interests of pro- 
 ducing classes. File bound with Monroe Sentinel, 1860-62. 
 
 Monroe Sun (w). Mar. — Nov., 1882; 1883 — July, 1896. 5 v. F». 
 
 Founded Nov., 1881, by George R. South ; conducted by him (except 
 1893 — June, 1894, by M. T. Gettings — in partnership with John Knee- 
 land during last six months) till July, 1896, when merged with Ga- 
 zette as Sun-Gazette, q. v. Successively Independent, Republican, Dem- 
 ocratic and Independent Populist. 
 
 [402] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Sun-Gazette (w). Aug., 1896— July, 1898. F<>. 
 
 Successor of Sun, q. v. Conducted by M. T. Gettings and A. C. Clarke 
 till July, 1898, when merged with Journal as Journal-Gazette, q. v. 
 
 Monroe Times (d). Jan., 1899—1910. 24 v. Fe. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Oct., 1898, by Emery A. Odell, and since conducted by him. 
 Bepublican. 
 
 Montello 
 
 Marquette Weekly Express. July, 1862— Dec, 1863; 1864-73. 3 v. F«. 
 
 See Montello "Weekly Express. 
 
 Montello Weekly Express. 1874 — 1908. 15 v. F e. 1909 + 
 
 Removed hither from Oxford, q. v., June, 1862 ; conducted by S. A. 
 Pease (in partnership with James B. Cogan,' Apr., 1863 — May, 1865; 
 thereafter with B. P. Goodell — except Dec, 1873, with C. H. Bissell), 
 till Jan., 1874 ; Goodell and Cogan, till Mar., 1877 ; since then, Bissell 
 (in partnership with James B. Cogan, till May, 1879 ; with John T. 
 Cogan, during remainder of that year) till Mar., 1902. Then sold to 
 Charles W. Barry, and since conducted by Express Pub. Co. Styled 
 Marquette Weekly Express till Jan., 1873. Independent. 
 
 Sun (w). Dec, 1881— Nov., 1883. Fe. 
 
 Founded by J. B. and J. T. Cogan, Dec, 1881 ; In following Sept., 
 sold to L. W. Chapman, who in Nov., 1833, removed to Plalnfleld ; con- 
 tinued there as Plainfield Bun, q. v. 
 
 Montford 
 
 Montfort Monitor (w). May, 1882-91. 3 v. Ft. 1892. F«. 
 
 Established May. 1882, by C. T. Stone, as successor of Independent 
 (founded Mar., 1881, by W. A. Thompson) ; conducted by him till Dec, 
 1884 ; I. G. DeWitt and J. W. Taylor, three years ; DeWltt, till May, 
 1890; W. B. Greene and A. K. Palmer, one year; J. F. Streeter, June, 
 1891 — Sept, 1892; then by Abijah and Frank Bresee; removed to Bel- 
 mont, Feb., 1894, and styled Belmont Bee. 
 
 Southwest Wisconsin. 
 
 See same title under Linden. 
 
 Mount Horeb 
 
 Blue Mounds Weekly News. July, 1883— June, 1887. F». 
 
 Founded May, 1881; published also at Blue Mounds; conducted by 
 H. G. Elliott (except Feb.— July, 1884, by P. Kenney), 1883-87 (In part- 
 nership with John N. Dahlen July, 1884 — Apr., 1887) ; styled Mt. Borei 
 Weekly News after July, 1835 ; merged in Black Earth Advertiser, q. v., 
 June, 1887. 
 
 Mount Horeb Times (w). Aug., 1895— Mar., 1910. 8 v. F«. Apr., 
 
 1910 + 
 
 Established May, 1887 by J. N. Dahlen (formerly of Weekly News) and 
 J. N. Eisjord, and conducted by them till Sept., 1895 ; since then by 
 Dahlen. Independent. 
 
 [403] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Muscoda 
 Grant County Democrat (w). Oct., 1906 — 1909. Pe, 1910 + 
 
 Succeeded (Mar., 1906) Valley Voice, which was burned out in Jan. 
 Conducted by William Victora, owner of Voice, till Oct. ; L. M. Dixon, 
 Oct., 1906 — Nov., 1909 ; since then, Dixon and H. C. Craig. 
 
 Nashotah 
 
 Nashotah Scholiast (m). Vols. 1-2. Dec., 1883 — Aug., 1885; 1885-87, 
 scat. nos. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Published by members of Nashotah Theological Seminary (but printed 
 in Sussex). Contains diaries and letters of Bishop Kemper, and other 
 historical material relative to Prot. Epis. church in Wisconsin. 
 
 Navarino 
 
 [The early name of Green Bay, q. v.] 
 
 Nebagamon 
 
 Nebagamon Entebpbise. 
 
 See Lake Nebagamon. 
 
 Necedah 
 
 Necedah Republican (w). Sept., 1884 — Apr., 1885; 1886 — 1908. 12 Y. 
 F«. 1909+ 
 
 Established Aug., 1884, by Clarence M. Hutchinson, and conducted by 
 him till Apr., 1909; since then by E. L. Ware. Republican at first; 
 now Progressive Republican. 
 
 Necedah Signal (w). Oct., 1881— Oct., 1883. F». 
 
 Founded Oct., 1881 ; published by Thomas McConnell ; sold by him, 
 May, 1882, to W. C. Brawley ; then published by C. M. Hutchinson, Aug., 
 1882-83 ; after Jan., 1883 styled Yellow River Lumberman; two years 
 later, removed to Mauston, q. v. 
 
 Neenah 
 
 Neenah Bulletin (w). May — Sept., 1856. P«. 
 
 Established May, 1856, by W. H. Mitchell ; suspended in following Oct. 
 Revived soon afterward as Neenah and Menasha Examiner; suspended 
 by May, 1857. Republican. File is bound with Menasha Advocate, 
 1854-56. 
 
 Neenah and Menasha Conservator (w). May, 1856-59. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1856, by Harrison Reed ; conducted by him till sus- 
 pension in May, 1858 (with Samuel Townsley, July — Dec, 1856 ; and 
 with Joseph L. Schooley, owner and publisher, after Sept., 1857). Re- 
 vived two weeks later by L. E. and E. D. Ross ; in following Aug., re- 
 moved to Menasha, and edited by B. S. Heath ; soon afterward, styled 
 Menasha Conservator, q. v. Republican. 
 
 Dairy Journal (m). July, Aug., Oct., 1896. 
 
 [404] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Danskeben (w). Danish. Oct., 1894-98. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded about June, 1892 ; conducted by J. N. Jersild. Religious ; 
 Republican. 
 
 Friend and Guide (m). Sept., 1897, Apr., 1899. Q. May, 1899 — 1908. 
 
 F«. 1909+ 
 
 Organ of Equitable Fraternal Union. Edited (1911) by Merritt L. 
 Campbell. 
 
 Neenah Gazette (w). 1874 — Sept., 1880. 3 v Ft. Feb., 1881 — June, 
 1882. F8. 
 
 Founded 1871 by Charles H. Boynton ; conducted by him till Aug., 1875 
 (after Apr., 1874, with G. A. Cunningham) ; Cunningham, till May, 1878; 
 then H. L. Webster till Sept., 1880 (during last six months, with Arthur 
 Bowron) ; L. F. Cole to June, 1882; H. A. Stone till absorbed by Times 
 about 1898. Absorbed, Mar., 1880, Herald (founded 1879 by Frank S. 
 Verbeck). Republican. 
 
 Twin City Daily News. Feb.— May, 1895. F ». 
 
 Founded June, 1881, by Bowron Si Potter. In 1883 sold to I*. H. 
 Kimball. In 1903 bought by stock company and conducted by Jacob R. 
 Bloom. Published by News Pub. Co., in 1909. Styled Neenah News 
 part of the time. 
 
 Winnebago County Press (w). 1870-71. Ft. 
 See Island City Times. 
 
 Bulletin of the Executive Committee of the State Grange of Wiscon- 
 sin, P. of H. (to; s-m). Vols. 2-7. 1876 — 1881 (last year incomp.). 
 F. 
 
 Organ of Patrons of Husbandry ; removed hither from Osbkosh, q. v., 
 Dec, 1875. Edited by Henry E. Huxley, secretary of State grange; is- 
 sued semi-monthly after Feb., 1R80. 
 
 Island City Times (w). May— Dec, 1866. Ft. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1863 (at Neenah and Menasha), by J. N. Stone; con- 
 ducted by him till Jan., 1870 ; then sold to W. G. Ritch, styled Winne- 
 bago Co. Press, and conducted by him till Sept., 1871 (in partnership with 
 John M. Read. July. 1866-67 ; with W. B. Tapley, Jan. — Aug., 1870) ; 
 then removed to Menasha and (Jan., 1872) styled Menasha Press, q. v. 
 Republican. File bound with Winnebago Co. Press, 1870-71. 
 
 Neillsville 
 
 Clark County Courier (w). 1880— Feb., 1881. Fb. 
 
 Established June. 1879: published by M. W. Parker & Co., till 1881. 
 No later mention in directories. 
 
 Enterprise (w). Feb. — May., 1878. Fe. 
 
 File bound with Colby Enterprise, 1877 — May, 1880. 
 
 Clark County Press (w). June, 1873— Apr., 1876. Ft. 
 
 Founded by H. J. Hoffman, June, 1873 ; united with Republican, Apr., 
 1876. 
 
 405] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Neillsville, Was., continued: 
 
 Clark County Republican (w). Aug., 1872 — Apr., 1876. 2 v. F*. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1867, by Ed. E. Merritt; conducted by him till Mar, 
 1874 ; then sold to C. J. Cooper ; edited by W. L. Abbott, Mar. — May, 
 1874 ; D. T. Lindley, May, 1874 — Aug., 1875 ; W. W. La Flesh, till 
 Mar., 1876 ; W. C. Allen, two months ; published by Cooper till Dec, 
 1874 ; in following Match, sold to James Hewitt and Jones Tompkins ; 
 in Apr., 1876, united with Clark Co. Press, and styled Clark County Re- 
 publican and Press, q. v. 
 
 Clark County Republican and Press (w). Apr., 1876-78. Fs. 
 
 Republican and Press (w). 1879-81. Ft. 1882-87. 2 v. F». 
 1889— May, 1892. 2 v. Ft. June, 1892—1896. 2 v. F s. 1897- 
 1908. 6 v. F e. 1909 + 
 
 Continued by 11. J. Hoffman (with E. L. Hoffman, till June, 1883; 
 thereafter with J. K. Hoffman) till Nov., 1884; then sold to I. T. Carr, 
 and conducted by him till Apr., 1889 ; J. H. Tifft (in partnership with 
 M. F. Satterlee, till Mar., 1891 ; then with S. M. Marsh, till May, 1892) 
 till March, 1900 ; since then owned by Crothers & Tifft, and edited by 
 Crothers. Absorbed Neillsville Enterprise (see Langlade Enterprise, un- 
 der Colby), May, 1878. Under Hoffman, Independent Republican; under 
 Carr, Democratic ; since then, Republican. 
 
 Neillsville Times (w). Mar., 1882-85. Ft. 1886-87. Fs. 1897-1908. 
 6 v. F 6. 1909 + 
 
 Founded Dec, 1881 ; owned by N. H. Withee and others ; edited by 
 L. A. Doolittle ; sold by them, Aug., 1885, to M. F. Satterlee ; conducted 
 by him (with W. N. Wells, six months ; after Feb., 1886, with George U. 
 Ure) till spring of 1888 ; then by J. D. Brothers, who became a partner 
 Dec, 1887 (at which time True Republican was merged in Times; after 
 1890 owned by L. B. Ring (Times Pub. Co.) and conducted by him (except 
 May-Aug., 1905) till Nov., 1905; then sold to V. A. McGillivray and 
 conducted by him till Nov., 1906 ; since then, L. Williamson. Republican. 
 
 True Republican (w). Mar., 1880-87. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Established July, 1879, by L. B. Ring; conducted by him till Dec., 
 1887 ; then merged in Neillsville Times, q. v. 
 
 Badger Workman (m). 1902, 3 nos.; Jan. — June, 1903. F*. 
 
 Published in 1903 by C. Rabenstein ; apparently succeeded in 1908 by 
 Deutsch Amerikaner. 
 
 Nekoosa 
 
 Wood County Times and Yellow River Pilot (w). Sept, 1905 — 1908, 
 
 F«. 1909 + 
 
 Continuation of Pittsville Times, o. ?. Published by P. O. Winther, 
 Sept., 1905-Apr., 1911; since then, Good & Son. 
 
 Neosho 
 
 Neosho Standard (w). May, 1905 — June, 1908. F «. 
 
 Founded 1900. Published at first by W. C. Blaisdell ; since 1903 by 
 Standard Co. Independent. 
 
 [406] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 New Lisbon 
 
 Juneau County Abgus (w). 1859, 10 nos.; Feb. — Nov., 1862; Jun&— 
 Dec, 1866; Sept., 1871-85. 5 v. P'. 1886-87. F«. 
 
 Same. Sept., 1864— Sept., 1867. 1868-69. 1870— Aug., 1871. 4 T. 
 
 F5-*. 
 
 Founded 1857, by J. H. Wells; conducted by Mm (with R. B. Elce, 
 Sept., 1858, till spring of 1859), till Feb., 1862; then by N. V. Chandler, 
 till suspension in following Nov. Revived Mar., 1863, by H. Miller and J. 
 M. Stowell ; in following Oct., sold to Wells, and conducted by him till his 
 death, June, 1864 ; M. F. Carney, Oct., 1864, to his death, Jan., 1883 ; A. 
 A. Young, four months ; A. C. Wilkinson till 1885 ; Jay R. Hinckley, 
 1886-89 ; Charles A. Leicht, 1890-94 ; A. J. Shrake, 1895-1900 (with 
 — Brooks. 18s!5-96) ; E. N. Hurd, 1901 — Dec, 1908, when merged with 
 New Lisbon Times, q. v. Republican, till Sept., 1858 ; Democratic, under 
 Wells ; Republican, under Chandler ; since then, Democratic. Files for 
 1862 and 1866 bound with Mauston Star, 1864-66. 
 
 New Lisbon Republican (w). June 20, Nov. 7, 1860. 
 
 First paper in Juneau County ; founded June, 1855, by R. B. Rice ; 
 edited by J. W. Bright, 1857-58; Rice again, 1859 till its suspension, 
 Jan., 1863. 
 
 New Lisbon Times (w). Mar., 1895—1908. 5 v. F«. 1909 + 
 
 Founded Mar., 1895, by Charles A. Leicht, and conducted by him till 
 Dec, 1908, when it absorbed the Juneau County Argus, q. v. Since con- 
 ducted by Donald M. Leicht. Independent Republican. 
 
 New London 
 
 New London News (w). Aug., 1875 — July, 1876. F', 
 
 Established July, 1874, by C. A. Pettibone and M. Mertz; published by 
 E. E. Gordon, 1875 till May, 1876 ; then merged in 2f. London Times. 
 Independent Democratic. File bound vnth N. London Times, 1876-77. 
 
 New London News (w). June — Aug., 1885. P'. 
 
 Established June, 1885, by D. L. Stinchfleld ; soon suspended. Inde- 
 pendent. File bound with N. London Times, 1884-87. 
 
 New London Press (w). July, 1893— Sept., 1895. Ft. Oct., 1895- 
 
 1907. 7 v. F 8. 1908 + 
 
 Established July, 1893, by Charles F. Carr, and since conducted by him. 
 Styled Press since July, 1901. Democratic. 
 
 New London Republican (w). June, 1897 — 1909. 6 v. F«. 1910+ 
 Founded 1897 by C. P. Smith, and conducted by him till 1900; since 
 then, Hollembaek and Nye Republican. 
 
 New London Times (w). Oct. 1856— Oct., 1857. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1856, by A. J. Lawson ; suspended Nov., 1857. Revived 
 In following January by Robert Perry ; edited by Lawson ; suspended be- 
 fore May. Republican. 
 
 407] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 New London, Wis., continued: 
 
 New London Times (w). 1876— Sept., 1891. 6 v. P«. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1870, by John A. Ogden ; in following April sold to E. B. 
 Gordon, and conducted by him till Jan., 1876 (with W. H. Walker, after 
 June, 1875) ; by Walker, till July, 1877 ; Gordon (except Aug., 1878-79, 
 by G. A. and Lewis Stinchfield), till Jan., 1880; M. B. and George M. 
 Patchen, one year; H. S. and H. W. Pickard, Mar., 1881 — Oct., 1882; 
 then by G. M. Patchen, H. S. Pickard, and H. P. Briggs (Times Pub. Co.). 
 This firm was dissolved July, 1884 ; succeeded by Patchen ; after four 
 years, he sold Times, June, 1888, to stock company (J. C. Hoxie, P. 
 Cleary, and others) ; Cleary was editor till Aug., 1889. Sold then to W. 
 E. Hannaford, and conducted by him six months (with W. G. Le Count 
 after Oct.) ; Le Count till following Aug. ; by E. A. King, Sept., 1890 — 
 Sept., 1891 (with Charles D. Smith, after Dec). Absorbed News, q. v.. 
 May, 1876 ; and in Mar., 1881, N. Loudon Tribune (established by H. S. 
 and H. W. Pickard, Dec, 1880) ; till Dec, 1882; styled Times and Tri- 
 bune; thereafter New London Times. Removed to Clintonville, Aug., 
 1891. Published sketches of Waupaca Co. history, Sept., 1887 — May, 
 1888, Republican. 
 
 Issued a Manawa edition, Nov., 1885 — Mar., 1887, styled Mamma 
 Times. Independent. 
 
 New Richmond 
 
 New Richmond Democrat (w). Feb,, 1879 — Apr., 1881. F«. 
 
 Founded Aug.. 1878, as QreenbacJcer ; after one year, styled N. Rich- 
 mond Democrat; published by M. P. Stephens (with R. E. Kane, during 
 first six months ; with O. H. Jay Briggs, Mar. — June, 1879) ; suspended 
 Apr., 1881. 
 
 New Richmond News and Republican Voice (w). Jan., 1908+ F«. 
 Consolidation (1908) of News and Republican Voice, q. v. 
 
 St. Croix Republican (w). Feb. — June, 1870; Jan. — May, 1874; Feb., 
 1875— Sept., 1876; Feb., 1879-93. 6 v. Ft. 1894— July, 1899. 
 2 v. F «. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1869, at Hudson, by Abe C. Van Meter and Charles Sey- 
 mour ; a month later removed to New Richmond and conducted by Van 
 Meter (in partnership with Seymour till Aug., 1872) till his death; since 
 then by his son, Franc A. R. Van Meter. In 1899 merged with New 
 Richmond Voice and styled Republican-Voice, q. v. Republican. 
 
 New Richmond Voice (w). Mar., 1898 — June, 1899. F«. 
 
 Founded 1886 by E. P. Huntington, and conducted by him till 1893 ; L. 
 J. Adgate, 1894 ; then by E. J. Scott till July, 1899, when merged with St. 
 Croix Republican, q. v. 
 
 Republican Voice, (w). July, 1899—1907. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Consolidation (1899) of St. .Croix Republican (q. v.), and New Rich- 
 mond Voice, q. v. Plants of both papers had been destroyed by a cyclone. 
 
 Newport 
 
 [Name of town changed to Kilbourn City, q. v., June, 10, 1856.] 
 
 [408] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 North Crandon 
 
 Forest Leaves (w). Jan. — Aug., 1898. F". 
 See under Crandon. 
 
 Reporter (w) Jan. — June, 1893. F«. 
 
 Established Sept., 1892; published by I. U. Champion, till Feb., 1893; 
 then by L. M. Sylvester; suspended in following July. File bound with 
 Forest Republican of Crandon, q. v., 1892-93. 
 
 North La Crosse 
 
 [See Free Press and Hews, under La Crosse] 
 
 Norway 
 
 Nobdltset (w). Sept. 9, 1847. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1847, by James D. Reymert and Evan H. Heg; con- 
 ducted by them till autumn of 1849 ; then purchased by Knud Langland 
 and Ole J. Hatlestad, removed to Racine, and styled Democraten; sus- 
 pended about six months later. Organ of Free-Soil party ; first Norwe- 
 gian newspaper in America. 
 
 Oconomowoc 
 
 Oconomowoc Badger (w). May — Oct., 186'6, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 Established May, 1866, by T. B. and A. J. Reld ; sold to E. G. Ben- 
 jamin, Oct., 1867, and styled Badger State; conducted by him till Aug., 
 1869 ; Lauren Edwards & Co., nearly a year (and styled La Belle Mirror) ; 
 Alexander McGregor and D. H. Sumner, » short time ; in Aug., 1870, sold 
 to Ashley D. Harger and styled Times, q. v. 
 
 Enterprise (w). Mar., 1901 — 1909. 4 v. P«. 
 
 Founded late in 1900 by Hathaway & Palmer. Absorbed (Mar., 1901) 
 Oconomowoc Republican, and (Dec, 1910) Wisconsin Free Press, q. v. 
 Conducted since Mar., 1907, by Grove E. Palmer. 
 
 Fbee Pbess (w). Feb., 1861— Aug., 1862. P». 
 
 Established Oct., 1858, by D. W. Small and John S. Rockwell ; con- 
 tinued by them till Feb., 1861 ; then by D. S. Curtiss till he entered the 
 Union army, Sept., 1862 ; thereupon suspended. Democratic. 
 
 Wisconsin Free Press (w). June, 1875 — July, 1907. 11 v. F*. Aug., 
 1907— Nov., 1910. F e. 
 
 Founded <s-w) May, 1875, by C. C. Bowsfield ; after six months, issued 
 weekly ; conducted by Bowsfield five months (during last six weeks, with 
 R. B. Rice) ; Rice, Oct., 1875 — Apr., 1876 ; C. M. Smith, three months ; 
 owned by Edwin Hurlbut since Oct., 1875, and conducted by him from 
 Sept., 1S76 till his death, Nov.. 1905 ; by his widow till Mar., 1907 ; then 
 Arthur C. Hathaway till absorbed by Enterprise, q. v., Dec, 1910. 
 Daily issued during July — Sept., in each of years 1884-86. Under Bows- 
 field, Independent, then Reform-Democratic ; 1876 — Oct., 1890, Indepen- 
 dent Democratic : since then, Republican. See anniversary and historical 
 issues of Free Press, dated May 20, 1876; May 18, 1878; May 17, 1879; 
 May 15, 1880 ; May 12, 1883 ; Jan. 2, 1892. 
 
 T409] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Oconomowoc, Wis., continued: 
 
 Oconomowoc Local (w). Mar., 1875-76. F«. 1877— Feb., 1885. 3 t. 
 Ft. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1874, by P. W. Coon and A. C. Macrorie; after July, 
 1875, conducted by Coon alone till Nor., 1878 ; then I. A. Hoxie and 
 H. D. Morgan, six years ; Ward B. Dutcher, Not., 1884 — Jan., 1885 ; then 
 suspended. Daily published during summers of 1883-84. Republican. 
 
 Oconomowoc Republican (w). June, 1896-May, 1897. Ft. June, 1897- 
 
 Mar., 1901. 2 v. F». 
 
 Founded 1889. Published by Pettibone & Pettibone till March, 1901, 
 when bought by Enterprise, q. v. Non-partisan. 
 
 Oconomowoc Times (w). Sept., 1871 — June, 1873. Ft. 
 
 Successor of La Belle Mirror (see Badger) ; continued by Ashley D. 
 Harger till 1877. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Oconto 
 
 Diocese of Fond du Lac (m). 1898— Feb., 1899. Q. 
 See same title under Fond du Lac. 
 
 Enquires (w). Feb., 1882— Nov., 1885. Fa. Nov., 1885— Aug., 1881. 
 
 Ft. July, 1905-1909. 2 v. Fe. 1910— July, 1911. 
 
 Founded July, 1881, by F. C. Sharp and A. Brazeau; conducted by 
 them till Apr., 1883 ; Sharp till 1891 ; since then, Mrs. Rose A. Sharp. 
 Anti-monopoly. 
 
 Oconto Lumberman (w). Aug. 18, Sept. 9, 1864. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1864, by Joseph W. Hall, and since conducted by him. 
 Absorbed Oconto Pioneer, q. v., Nov., 1875. Republican. 
 
 Oconto Pioneer (w). Sept. — Dec, 1859; 1864. Ft. 1860-62; 1863, 
 
 scat. nos. F 8. 
 
 First paper in Oconto County ; established June, 1859, by George C. 
 Ginty ; conducted by him till Feb., 1864 ; then sold to Henry D. Glnty 
 and Cyrus S. Hart ; merged in Lumberman, Nov., 1875. Republican. 
 
 Oconto County Reporter (w). Aug., 1874-80. 2 v. Ft. 1881 — Not., 
 1889. 4 v. F6. Dec, 1890-93. 2 v. Ft. 1894—1909. 8 T. 
 F o. 1910'+ 
 
 Established Sept., 1871, by A. R. Bradbury; suspended in Dee. Re- 
 vived Jan., 1872, by A. Reinhart and H. W. Gilkey ; conducted by them 
 till following Sept. ; Cyrus S. Hart, 1873— June, 1881 ; P. H. Swift, July, 
 18S1 — Nov., 1885 ; Hart again nearly ten years ; J. H. Waggoner, Mar., 
 1895 — Nov., 1900 ; W. M. Comstock and B. J. McCall, Nov., 1900 — Nov., 
 1904 ; since then, Comstock. In Mar., 1875, absorbed Oconto Times (es- 
 tablished by A. Reinhart, Jan., 1874) and Republican (founded Oct., 
 18S0, by P. H. Swift), July, 1881. Published in 1895, historical and bio- 
 graphical sketches of Oconto Co. pioneers. At first Independent; later. 
 Republican. 
 
 [410] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Oconto Palls 
 
 Herald (w). 1899-1908. 5 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1897 by Porter Smith Pub. Co., and conducted by them till 
 June, 1901 ; E. P. Smith, June, 1901— Dec, 1905 ; Smith and J. F. O'Neill, 
 Dec, 1905-Feb., 1910 ; O'Neill then leased his share to Clinton Couillard, 
 who conducted the paper with Smith till Dec, 1910 ; thereafter owned 
 and conducted by Smith till combined, Mar., 1912, with Union Farmer, 
 as Union Farmer Herald. 
 
 Omro 
 
 Omro Hebald (w). May, 1894—1909. 8 v. F«, 1910+ 
 
 Established May, 1894, by C. H. Slocum and F. B. Hand ; after June, 
 1895, conducted by Slocum alone. Republican. 
 
 Omro Weekly Joubnal. Aug., 1874—1908. 15 v. F «. 1909 + 
 
 Established Oct., 1865, by Cady & Eeals as Omro Union; continued by 
 S. H. Cady till 1871 ; George S. Kaime, for a time ; J. W. Reynolds, Aug., 
 1874 — Sept., 1875 (with A. F. Worcester, till Apr., 1875; then with M. 
 H. Glbbs) ; Gibbs and Worcester, two months ; Kaime and Gibbs, Nov., 
 1875 — Feb., 1876 ; Kaime and P. M. Wright, three years ; since Apr., 
 18T9, by Wright. Absorbed Days Doings, Sept., 1890. Republican (but 
 now Independent). 
 
 Oneida 
 
 Oneida Reservation. 1898-1901, 6 nos. O. 
 
 Published irregularly by Episcopal mission to Oneida Indians ; edited 
 by Rev. F. W. Merrill. 
 
 Oregon 
 
 Oregon Observer (w). June, 1883—1901. 6 v. Ft. 1902— Feb., 1910. 
 4 v. F o. Mar., 1910 + 
 
 Established Sept., 1SS0, by Smith & Urle ; published by them two years ; 
 C. J. Rollis, 1882-84 ; H. D. Hanson till Feb., 1910 ; since then, E. P. 
 Kramer. Independent. 
 
 Village Record (w). Nov., 1875— May, 1876. F«. 
 
 Established Oct., 1875, by I. A. Hoxie and H. D. Morgan; soon sus- 
 pended. Independent. File bound with Stoughton Courier, 1876-78. 
 
 Osceola 
 
 Polk County Press (w). 1865—1906. 14 v. F». 
 
 Founded Dec, 1860, by J. D. Reymert and Junius A. Bartlett, at St. 
 Croix Falls, as Sf. Croixian; published there one year. Removed to 
 Osceola Mills, Dec, 1861, by Samuel S. Fifield, and styled Polk Co. Press; 
 conducted by bim till May. 1872 (with Charles E. Mears, till Aug.. 1864) ; 
 Mears till Apr., 1903 ; Paul Vander Eifce, Apr., 1903 — Aug., 1904 ; re- 
 moved, Aug.. 1904, to St. Croix Falls, q. v., and conducted by L. M. Cat- 
 lln, Aug., 1904 — Dec, 1906; suspended soon after. Republican (except 
 under Reymert, Democratic). 
 
 [411] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Osceola, Wis., continued: 
 
 Osceola Sun (w). Oct., 1897-98. 1901—1906. 3 v. F\ 1907—1908. 
 Fa. 1909+ 
 
 Successor of Maiden Rock Press, q. v. Conducted by A. E. Eoese till 
 May, 1910 ; since then, F. O. Barrett. Pile for 1897-98 bound with 
 Maiden Rock Weekly Press, 1897. 
 
 Osbkosh 
 
 Wisconsin Christian Endeavor (m). Vols. 1-2. Feb., 1894-95. Q. 
 
 Established as organ of Christian Endeavor societies in Wisconsin ; 
 conducted by Bon H. Soper Jr., and George Harrington. Styled Chris- 
 tian Endeavor, at end of first year ; removed to Madison, q. v., Nov., 1895. 
 Religions ; inter-denominational ; good citizenship. 
 
 Oshkosh Courier (w). June. 29, Aug. 3, Sept., 7, 1853. May, 1854-63. 
 
 3 v. Ft. June — Aug., 1864. 
 
 Founded May, 1852, by J. H. McAvoy ; after a few weeks, sold to Jere 
 Crowley, and conducted by him one year ; George H. Read and Charles R. 
 Nevitt, four years ; Read and Marcellus Strong, Aug., 1857 — Dec, 1862 ; 
 Hiram Morley and B. F. Davis, 1863^ Aug., 1864 ; then merged in Osh- 
 kosh Northwestern, q. v. Issued daily (first in Oshkosh), Feb., 1854 — 
 Dec, 1857. Styled Fox River Courier at first. Democratic. 
 
 Early Dawn (w). Feb., 1879— Apr., 1880. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 187G, as amateur religious paper, by Eddie E. and Min- 
 nie T. Carhart ; conducted by them till Jan., 1880 ; then J. T. Chynoweth 
 and Horace J. Evans ; after Apr., styled Reflector. Organ of Wisconsin 
 Methodists. 
 
 Oshkosh Democrat (w). June 18, 1852; 1853, 4 nos. Fs. 
 
 First paper in Oshkosh ; founded Feb., 1849, as True Democrat, q. v., 
 by James Densmore ; conducted by him till Apr., 1853 (except Mar. — 
 June, 1850, by E. A. Cooley) ; after Feb., 1852, published by George Burn- 
 side & Co. ; conducted by Burnside till May, 1856 (in partnership with 
 Jonathan Dougherty, July, 1853 — Mar., 1855 ; thereafter, with Martin 
 Mitchell) ; J. A. Smith and Mitchell, three months. Sold^ug., 1856, to 
 C. W. Felker ; conducted by him (with William Markham, during remain- 
 der of 1856 ; thereafter, with C. G. Finney) till Apr., 1858 ; Finney and 
 B. F. Davis, till Feb., 1860 ; then purchased by George Gary, but merged 
 in Northwestern, q. v., in Oct. following. Styled Oshkosh Democrat after 
 1850; was only newspaper not entirely destroyed in fire of 1859. Issued 
 daily Aug., 1856-Nov., 1857 ; and Mart — May, 1860. Edited by C. J. 
 Allen, Nov., 1852— Mar., 1854. Free-Soil, till 1852; Independent, till 
 Aug., 1856; thereafter, Republican. 
 
 Oshkosh Democrat (w). May — Nov., 1865; June— Dec, 1866;Mar.— 
 Sept., 1867. F<s. 
 
 See Daily Democrat. 
 
 Oshkosh Daily Democrat. Oct., 1865. P». 
 
 Successor of Union, q. v. ; conducted by Robert V. Shurly till Sept., 
 1867 ; then sold to George Hyer and D. W. Fernandez, and succeeded by 
 Oshkosh City Times, <j. v. Issued daily Aug. — Oct., 1865. Edited by T. 
 J. Harney, Sept., 1865-66. Files bound with City Times, 1867-68; and 
 Winneoago Co. Newspapers, 1849-68. 
 
 [412] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Oshkosh Deutsche Zeitung (w). Sept., 1857-59. Ps, 
 
 Founded Feb., 1857, by Theodore Frentz ; edited by H. Schintz; con- 
 ducted by them till Nov. following; Charles A. Weisbrod and Charles W. 
 Erb, six months ; H. Mades & Co., three months ; after July, 1858, by 
 Theodore Friedlander ; removed by him to Fond du Lac, about 1860. 
 Democratic. 
 
 DlENSTAtfS-BLATT (W). NOV., 1905+ F«. 
 
 See Wisconsin Telegraph. 
 
 Greenback Standard. 
 
 See Oshkosh Standard. 
 
 Oshkosh Independent (w). Dec, 1874 — Apr., 1875. Ft. 
 
 Established Dec, 1874, by G. S. Kaime and F. F. Livermore ; conducted 
 by them till Apr. following, when destroyed by fire. File bound with 
 Weekly Times, 1873-75. 
 
 Oshkosh Journal (w). Aug., 1868— Apr., 1873. F?. 
 
 Established Aug., 1868, by Horace B. Rounds and Hiram Morley; con- 
 ducted by them till Apr., 187?. ; then merged in Northwestern, q. v. Re- 
 publican. File for 1873 bound with Weekly Times, 1873-75. 
 
 Labor Advocate (w). Apr., 1893 — June, 1895. F«. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1893, as official organ of Oshkosh Trades and Labor 
 Council ; also of Wis. State Federation of Labor. Absorbed, June, 1893, 
 Age of Labor (established Feb., 1892), which name was used as sub-title 
 of Advocate till 1894. Apparently suspended in 1904, or succeeded by 
 Labor News. 
 
 News (w). July — Oct., 1868. F«, 
 
 Established July, 1868, by Finnej & Davis ; made up from Daily North- 
 western. File bound with Winnebago Co. Newspapers, 1849-68. 
 
 Northwestern (w). May, 1860 — June, 1862; Aug., 1864 — May, 1865. 
 2 v. Pi, May, 1865-66; Oct., 1870 L -May, 1872; May, 1875— 18&4. 
 13 v. F«. 
 
 Daily Northwestern. Jan. 31, 1871. 1895—1910. 48 v. F«. 1911+ 
 Founded May, 1860, by D. C. Felton. Charles H. Nevitt, and F. C. and 
 C. H. Messenger; conducted by them five months; Nevitt, Sept., 1860 — 
 Aug., 1864 (at first, with C. E. Pike; later with R. C. Eden) ; George 
 Gary and B. F. Davis, till Mar., 1866 (with Hiram Morley, during first 
 three months) ; Davis and C. G. Finney, four years; a few months by 
 Davis and John Hicks ; after Oct., 1870, by Hicks (with Thomas S. Allen, 
 till June. 1884, since Apr., 1889, by Hicks Ptg. Co. Issued daily, Jan. — 
 Aug., 1861 ; autumn of 1865 ; and since Jan., 1868, to present time. Ab- 
 sorbed Democrat, Oct., 1860 ; Courier, Aug., 1864 ; Journal, Apr., 1873. 
 In issue of Jan. 8, 1880, is "Illustrated review of Oshkosh ; its early his- 
 tory, industries, etc." See also article in Daily Northwestern, Nov. 24, 
 1894 ; and "History of Oshkosh Press," in Harney's History oj Winnebago 
 Co. Republican. 
 
 Oshkosh Record (w). Nov., 1887— Feb., 1888. 7 nos. F«. 
 
 Published by R. F. Kellogg, in interest of Union Labor Party. 
 
 [413] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Oshkosh, Wis., continued: 
 
 Reflector (w). Apr. — May, 1880. F*. 
 See Early Dawn, note. 
 
 Signal (w). Mar., 1886 — Mar., 1887, scat. nos. F». 
 
 Oshkosh Standard, (w). Mar., 1878— Aug., 1881. Ft. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1878, by Thomas C. Levy and A. D. Eyckman (as Green- 
 back Standard, during a few weeks) ; conducted by Levy (with Eyckman, 
 six months ; with S. B. Boynton, a few weeks) till Oct. following ; then 
 Hiram and E. B. Morley till Jan., 1880 ; Edwin Petersilea, six months. 
 In July, 1880, absorbed People's Champion, of Appleton, q. v., and styled 
 Wis. Standard; published by stock company. Removed to Milwaukee, 
 Sept., 1881 ; suspended, a year later. Supported National Greenback 
 party. 
 
 Bulletin of the Executive Committee of the State Grange of Wisconsin, 
 P. ofH. (m). Vol.1. 1875. F. 
 
 Edited by Joseph H. Osborn, master of State grange ; removed hither 
 from Madison, in July ; at end of first year, removed to Neenah, q. v. 
 
 Winnebago Telegraph (w). Jan. 3, Sept. 14, 1850. 
 
 File bound with Old Winnebago Papers, 1849-68. Founded Dec, 1849, 
 by B. S. Henning; edited by Hiram Morley; after Sept., 1850, continued 
 by Morley and E. Edwards ; suspended late in 1851. Democratic. 
 
 Wisconsin Telegraph (w). German. 1874 — 1908. 17 v. F». 1909+ 
 Founded Feb., 1858, by Charles and Valentine Kohlmann, under title 
 of Wdchter am Winnebago ; edited by Henry Cordier ; succeeded by 
 Deutsche Volksblatter (m), Oct., 1860, edited by Carl Rose; succeeded by 
 Wisconsin Telegraph (w), Oct., 1866; edited by Carl Rose to present 
 time ; published by Kohlmann Bros, till Oct., 1885 ; T. S. Allen and 
 Julius Weidner till March, 1910 ; since then, W. F. Weber. Independent 
 Republican till 1872 ; since then, Independent Democratic ; also literary. 
 Issues also edition styled Dienstags-Blatt, q. v. 
 
 Oshkosh Times (w). 1873— Jan., 1883. 4 v. Ft. 1891— Apr., 1905. 
 7 v. Pi. 
 
 Continuation of second Democrat, q. v. ; conducted by D. W. Fernandea 
 (with George Hyer, till his death, Apr., 1872 ; with S. D. Carpenter, three 
 months; with Gus O'Brien, Sept., 1872 — Aug., 1874; with W. H. Walker, 
 Sept., 1874— May, 1875 ; with A. T. Glaze, May, 1875 — Oct., 1879 ; there- 
 after, with Charles M. Bright), till Sept., 1883; Bright, one year; sold 
 by him, Sept., 1884, to stock company (C. W. Felker, E. W. Viall, and 
 others) ; published by them under name of E. W. Viall & Co. ; later as 
 Times Pub. Co. ; suspended Apr., 1905. Under Hyer, and for several 
 years under Fernandez, advocated interests of Patrons of Husbandry. In 
 1877, published series of articles by R. G. Thwaites (who had been one of 
 the editors in 1872-73), on "History of Winnebago County," and sketches 
 of Oshkosh, Tomah and other Indian chiefs. Democratic. 
 
 Oshkosh City Times (w). Oct., 1867-68. Ft. 1869-72. Fs. 
 
 Travelers' Goods and Leather Novelty Workers' Official Journal (m). 
 1904 + O. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1904, at St Louis; edited by Charles J. Gille till Nov., 
 1907 ; since then published at Oshkosh and edited by Murt Malone. 
 
 [414] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Oshkosh Tbbe Democbat (w). Feb — Aug., 1849. ps. 
 
 See Oshkosh Democrat (first of the name), note. File bound with 
 Old Winnebago Papers. 
 
 Oshkosh Union (w). Oct., 1864— Jan., 1865. F». 
 
 Established Oct., 1864, by R. V. Shurly ; in Feb., 1865, continued as 
 Democrat, q. v. (second of that name). File bound with City Timet, 
 
 1867-68. 
 
 Osseo 
 
 Osseo-Eleva Journal (w). June 25 — Aug. 27, 1896. P». 
 With Wis. Labor Newspapers, 1890-94. 
 
 Oxford 
 
 Republican Express (w). Sept., 1859 1 — July, 1862. F». 
 
 Founded in 1858 at Westfleld or Montello, by Frank Hyde, as Marquette 
 Express; suspended at end of year. Removed to Oxford Jan., 1859, and 
 revived as Oxford Weekly Express; sold in following Aug. to S. A. Pease, 
 and conducted by him (with C. M. Comstock, till Oct., 1860; with H. L. 
 Stone, one year; with E. F. Winchester, Oct., 1861 — Jan., 1862). Styled 
 Oxford Express, Mar.— -May, 1861 ; then Marquette Weekly Express. Re- 
 moved to Montello, q. v., July, 1862. Democratic, under Hyde; there- 
 after Republican. File bound with Marquette Express (Montello). 
 
 Palmyra 
 
 Palmyra Enterprise (w). Mar., 1874-75. F«. 1876 — Apr., 1893. 6 v. 
 Ft. May, 1893-94. P«. 1895-97. F*. 1898-1909. 6 v. F«. 
 1910 + 
 
 Established March, 1874, by 0. P. Dow ; printed at Whitewater by E. 
 D. Coe, till Apr., 1893 ; then purchased by Badger & Tubbs, of Elkhorn, 
 who Issued it till Oct. following; then sold to E. D. Coe, who leased it to 
 Grant H. Lawton, together with printing outfit at Palmyra, where it has 
 since been published ; purchased Oct., 1894, by Andrew Rood, and con- 
 ducted by him till Oct., 1903. Since then owned by Donahue and Dow, 
 and edited by Miss Lura Dow, daughter of the founder. Republican at 
 first, then Prohibitionist; since Oct., 1893, Republican. 
 
 Pardee ville 
 
 Badgeb Boy (m). Nos. 1-4. Mar. — June, 1899. O. 
 
 Amateur Journal for boys, conducted by R. Asa Williams. 
 
 Cbank (w). Mar., 1898— Oct., 1901. F. 
 
 Founded 1898 by R. M. Williams and conducted by him till Oct., 1901. 
 Suspended soon after. Independent. 
 
 Pardeevllle Times (w). Dec., 1889— Apr., 1890; Dec., 1892-94; 1895— 
 Oct., 1900. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1888, by Charles Williams ; conducted by him one year ; 
 Fred A. Brown, 1890 — June, 1891 ; A. Moore, six months ; Lester Wood- 
 ard, 1891-98; Andrew McDonald, 1898-1900; Crawford Bros., 1900-1902; 
 J. V. M. Davis, 1902-1904 ; Davis & Thompson, 1904-1906 ; since then, 
 
 [415] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Pabdeevili-e, Wis., continued: 
 
 H. P. Thompson. Independent ; Independent Reform ; Progressive Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Pepin 
 
 Era of Progress (bi-w). No 1. Dec. 25, 1861. 
 
 Published by John Sterling. With unbound Wisconsin papers. 
 
 Pepin Independent (w). Apr., 1858 — Oct., 1859. Fs. 
 
 First paper in Pepin County ; founded Jan., 1857, by U. B. Shaver, as 
 North Pepin Independent; suspended within a year. Revived Apr., 1858, 
 by E. W. Gurley and E. B. Newcomb, but suspended in following autumn. 
 
 Pepin County Press (w). June, 1860— May, 1862. F«. 
 
 Established June, 1860, by U. B. Shaver ; continued by him till suspen- 
 sion, May, 1862. Published series of articles, Feb. — 'Apr., 1862, on his- 
 tory of Pepin. Republican. 
 
 Pepin Star (w). Apr., 1895— Mar., 1904. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Established Sept., 1884 ; conducted after Aug., 1885, by Robert A. Ax- 
 tell (at first, with Orla B. Axtell), till 189T; J. M. Axtell, 1897— June, 
 1906 ; now published by L. Axtell. Moved Mar., 1904, to Durand, q. v. 
 under Pepin. County News and Pepin Star. Independent. 
 
 Peshtigo 
 
 Peshtigo Eagijj. 
 
 See Marinette Eagle. 
 
 Peshtigo Times (w). Nov., 1894—1908. 7 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 
 Founded April, 1894 ; published by A. D. Pergoli ; edited by H. Schauer. 
 In 1897 sold to Thomas Barrett & Son ; conducted by them till 1908 ; 
 since then, Lawrence Barrett. Republican. 
 
 Pewaukee 
 
 Pewaukee Standard (w). Feb., 1879 — May, 1880. F«. 
 
 Founded in 1877 by C. P. Smith; conducted by him till May, 1880; 
 then merged in Waukesha Freeman, q. v. 
 
 Phillips 
 
 Phillips Badger (w). July, 1881— May, 1884. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded July, 1881, by C. H. Darlington ; merged in Times, May, 1884. 
 Republican. 
 
 Bee (w). Nov., 1884-85. F*. 1898-1909. 6 v. F». 1910 + 
 
 Founded Oct., 1884, by George Osterman ; published later by E. W. 
 Hand and J. D. Rowland ; Rowland and Durkee, 1894-96 ; Durkee and 
 Messer, 1897; Messer Bros., 1898 — Aug., 1903; J. H. Waggoner, Aug., 
 1903 — Aug., 1905 (with different local managers) ; since then, George F. 
 Foster. Republican. 
 
 [416] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Phillips Times (w). 1877— Oct., 1881. 2 v. F<s. Nov., 1881—1908. 
 13 v. F e. 1909 + 
 
 Founded Dec, 1876, by F. W. Saekett; conducted by him till Mar., 1879 
 (in partnership with W. H. Wilson, after May, 1877) ; Wilson, till May, 
 1886; since then, Saekett (with O. B. Van Dusen, June, 1891 — Dec, 
 1892; with George B. Saekett, since Nov., 1893). Absorbed May, 1884, 
 Phillips Badger, q. v.; and Nov., 1893, Fifield Advocate (founded Oct., 
 1883, by G. E. Saekett). During first ten years, Independent; since then, 
 Democratic. 
 
 Pittsville 
 
 Yellow River Pilot (w). Nov., 1897^Feb., 1903. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1895 by It. N. Kerningham, and conducted by him till 1897; 
 Ernest C. Kirk, 1898 ; James E. Howe, 1899 ; B. E. Walter, 1900 ; H. H. 
 Dunn, Dec, 1900— Nov., 1901 ; C. E. Nowatney & Co., Nov., 1901 — Jan., 
 1902 ; Pitts Bros., 1902 — Feb., 1904 ; K. W. Shipman, Feb., 1904 ; Perl B. 
 Pitts, Mar., 1904— Jan., 1905; P. O. Winther, Jan. — Sept., 1905. Then 
 removed to Nekoosa, q. v. 
 
 Pittsville Times (w). Feb., 1904— Sept., 1905. Fe. 
 
 Continuation of Wisconsin Times, q. v. Removed to Nekoosa, q. v., 
 Sept., 1905. 
 
 Wisconsin Times (w). Feb., 1903 — Feb., 1904. F«. 
 Continuation of Yellow River Pilot, q. v. 
 
 Plainfield 
 
 Sun (w). Nov., 1883-93. 5 v. F«. 1894—1909. 8 v. F«. 1910 + 
 
 Removed hither from Montello, Nov., 1883, by L. W. Chapman, and con- 
 ducted by him till May, 1907 ; since then, by Johnson A Fields. Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Platte ville 
 
 Independent Amebican and General Advertiser (w). 1845-47; Oct., 
 1854— Oct., 1857. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established Jan., 1845, by J. L. Marsh ; conducted by him till May, 
 1849 (in partnership with E. F. Bayley, after Dec, 1847) ; continued by 
 W. B. Bevans till its suspension, soon afterward. Revived by Marsh, 
 Sept., 1851 ; continued by him three years (with J. C. Moore 1 , in 1854) ; 
 
 Harlan M. Page, Oct., 1854 — Oct., 1857 (in partnership with Chat- 
 
 • terton, till Jan., 1S56) ; then suspended ; succeeded by Examiner, q. v. 
 Independent Republican. File for 1857 bound with La Fayette Oo. 
 Herald, Shullsburg, 1856-57. 
 
 Northern Badger (w). Jan. 8, 29, Feb. 19, 1841. 
 
 First paper in Platteville ; founded May, 1840, by Thomas Eastman ; 
 conducted by him til] Sept., 1841 ; failing to secure Democratic support, 
 sold by Eastman to Alonzo Piatt, and continued as Wis. Whig, q. v. Mra. 
 E. D. E. N. Southworth regularly contributed to its columns. Non-parti- 
 san till Mar., 1841 ; then Democratic File bound with Indep. American, 
 1845-48. 
 
 [417] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Platteville, Wis., continued: 
 
 Grant County Democeat (w). July, 1885-89. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Established Oct., 1884, by W. H. Peck ; sold by him to L. C. McKenney, 
 1889, and styled Grant Co. News, q. v. 
 
 Platteville Examinee (w). Feb. — May, 1858. F«. 
 
 Successor of Indep. American, q. v. ; founded by D. T. Lindley, Dec, 
 1857 ; suspended in following June. File bound with La Fayette Co. 
 Herald, Shullsburg, 1856-57. 
 
 Grant County News (w). 1890—1909. 10 v. Fa. 1910 + 
 
 Successor to Grant Co. Democrat, q. v. ; conducted by L. C. McKenney 
 till July, 1894 ; R. C. Huntington till May, 1896 ; McKenney a few weeks ; 
 Washburne & Klubenstein till June, 1897 ; since then, E. J. Dugdale. 
 Democratic. 
 
 Wisconsin Whig (w). Apr. 27, Sept. 14, 1842. 
 
 Successor of northern Badger, q. v. ; conducted by Piatt till summer or 
 autumn of 1842 ; then sold to J. L. Marsh and L. C. McKenney ; continued 
 by them about a year ; then suspended. Bound with Iowa Co. News- 
 papers, 1836-41. j 
 
 Grant County Witness (w). Sept. 8, 1859; July, 1863-66. P«. 1867 — 
 June, 1868; 1870-92. 9 v. Ft. 1893—1908. 8 v. F«. 1909 + 
 Founded May, 1859, by Israel Sanderson, at Lancaster, but removed 
 hither in following July ; conducted by Sanderson, three years ; George K. 
 Shaw and Daniel B. Bockins, May, 1862 — Oct., 1863 ; Shaw alone, two 
 months ; F. S. Haughawout, three months ; Shaw, Apr., 1864 — Feb., 1867 ; 
 M. P. Rindlaub, Feb., 1867 — Jan., 1903 ; since then, William M. Rindlaub. 
 Republican. 
 
 Platteville Witness and Mining Times (w). Feb., 1906+ Fe. 
 See Grant County Witness. 
 
 Plover 
 
 [See also Stanton] 
 
 Plover Times (w). July 4, 1863; Marcb, 1866-72. 2/ v. P». 1873-74. 
 
 F i. 1875— April, 1881. 3 v. F e. 
 
 Founded July, 1856, by James S. Alban, as Plover Herald, and con- 
 ducted by him to May, 1858 ; H. G. Ingersoll (with D. H. Pulcifer, Jan. — 
 May, 1860 ; with Stephen H. Alban, after following July) till Feb., 1861 ; 
 then consolidated with Portage Co. Republican (published by A. J. Law- 
 son), and styled Stanton Times and Republican; in May, 1868, styled 
 Plover Times. Continued by Lawson, Feb., 1861-64 ; by H. G. Ingersoll 
 (owned by A. O. Brown, till May, 1870) till Oct., 1881 ; apparently sus- 
 pended soon afterward. Republican. 
 
 Plymouth 
 
 Plymouth Cobbespondent. 
 
 Inside pages of National Demolvrat, q. v. under Sheboygan. 
 
 Plymouth Repoetee (w). Oct., 1872—1909. 17 v. Fe. 1910+ 
 
 Established (1872) by C. D. Wells; after three years, sold to A. F. 
 Warden ; continued by him till Aug., 1890 (In partnership with H. W. 
 
 [418] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Hostman, after 1879) ; Hostman and Otto Gaffron, till Jan., 1890 ; Gaffron 
 alone till Oct., 1895 ; A. J. Strassburger till Aug., 1902 ; Reporter Pub. 
 Co. till Dec, 1904; since then, Gus. W. Scbiereck. Democratic (except 
 under Strassburger, Republican). 
 
 Plymouth Review (w). Nov., 1895—1908. 7 v. Fe. 1909 + 
 
 Founded Nov., 1895, by F. Carroll and L. W. Bowers and published by 
 them till 1900 ; after that, Otto Gaffron. Since 1907 owned by Sheboy- 
 gan Herald. Democratic fill 1900 ; Republican, 1900-1903 ; since then, 
 Progressive Republican. 
 
 Potosi 
 
 Potosi Republican (w). Sept., 1847-48; Apr., 18514— Aug., 1855. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1847, by John W. Barnfield & Co. (probably J. M. Den- 
 ton) ; in Sept. following, sold to Lucien B. Leach, and conducted by him 
 till Nov., 1848 (with T. A. Springer till May, 1848 ; then with David Mc- 
 Kee) ; James W. Seaton, Nov., 1848 — Aug., 1852 ; then merged in Signal. 
 Revived May, 1853, by Seaton and E. R. Paul ; conducted by them two 
 years ; then Paul alone till suspension, Aug., 1855. Democratic, later, 
 Independent. 
 
 Signal established July, 1852, by David and Robert McKee ; in follow- 
 ing month, absorbed Republican; continued till end of year, then sus- 
 pended. 
 
 Portage 
 
 [See also Fort Winnebago.] 
 Western Advance (w). 1874— June, 1877. 2 v. Ps. July, 1878— 
 Mar., 1879. P«. 
 
 Conducted by E. W. Stevens (except July — Dec, 1877, by C. F. Hyde), 
 until Feb., 1879 ; then merged in Madison Independent, q. v. Advocate of 
 prohibition and paper money ; in 1875, organ of Good Templars of Wis- 
 consin ; under Hyde, Republican. 
 
 Portage Advertises (w). Nov., 1886-88. P». 
 
 Established March, 1885, by L. H. Doyle and G. J. Cox ; interest of 
 latter purchased by E. H. Hughes in August following, and that of Doyle 
 in June, 1886 ; four months later, sold by Hughes to S. S. Newton, E. J. 
 Doyle remaining as editor ; continued by Newton (with F. A. Brown after 
 1887) till Aug., 1 888 ; then consolidated with Herald (est, Sept., 1885, 
 by Jay R. Hinckley), and styled Herald-Advertiser. Sold by Hinckley, 
 June, 1889, to J. W. Chancellor. Successively Republican, Independent, 
 Democratic, and Republican. 
 
 Badoeb State (w). Mar., 1854 — July, 1858. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Established Oct., 1853, by John A. Brown, as successor of River Timet 
 (q. v. under Fort Winnebago) ; conducted by him till Feb., 1857 (in part- 
 nership with Chauncey C. Britt after Mar., 1885) ; by Britt, till Dec. fol- 
 lowing ; by William K. McHugh, one year ; by Brown & Britt, Dec, 1858, 
 until Brown's death, three months later; by his widow, until Dec, 1859; 
 then suspended. Edited by Joseph M. Doty, Feb., 1857 — Apr., 1859. 
 Democratic. File bound with Portage City Record, 1857-58. 
 
 [419] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Poetage, Wis., continued:" 
 
 Portage Democrat (w). Apr., 1877-94. 8 v. F*. 1895 — 1910. 8 T. 
 F«. 1911+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1877, by Henry D. and W. B. Bath; conducted by the 
 latter one year, then by Irving Bath, till Oct., 1881 ; since then, by J. E. 
 Jones. Daily issued since March, 1886. Democratic. 
 
 Herald-Advertises (w). 1889— June, 1890. F«. 
 See Portage Advertiser. 
 
 Raba Avis (m). Feb. — June, 1857. Q. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1857, by Horace Norton ; conducted by him till its sus- 
 pension, about July, 1858. Literary and musical. File bound with Fond 
 du Lac Union, 1853-55. 
 
 Portage City Recoed (-w). Aug., 1859 — Apr., 1861. Fa. 
 
 Successor of Independent ; published by E. B. Wentworth ; edited by M. 
 M. Davis (six months) and A. J. Turner (Wentworth's partner after 
 March, 1859) ; purchased by Turner, Apr., 1861, and consolidated with 
 Wis. State Register, q. v. Republican. B^ile for 1859 bound with Badger 
 State, 1857-58. 
 
 Independent established Feb., 1855, by John A. and Julius C. Chandler; 
 conducted by them nine months ; then by Julius till Apr., 1857, when pur- 
 chased by E. B. Wentworth, and succeeded by Record. 
 
 Wisconsin State Register (w). July, 1863 — 1899. 12 v. Ft. 1900— 
 1909. 5 v. F. a. 1910 + 
 
 Founded Mar., 1861, by Samuel S. Brannan ; one month later, absorbed 
 Record, q. v., and thereafter conducted by Brannan, A. J. Turner, and 
 Israel Holmes. At end of three years, Holmes retired ; continued by 
 Brannan and Turner till Jan., 1878 ; John T. Clark (with B. F. Goodell, 
 after first two months), seven years; Goodell and S. S. Rockwood, Feb., 
 1885— Nov., 1887; Register Printing Co., Dec, 1887 — July, 1892; J. H. 
 Waggoner, two years ; Maurice Goodman till Jan., 1908, when he sold to 
 the Wisconsin State Register Co. Since then edited and managed by A. 
 A. Porter. Daily (styled Portage Daily Register) issued since Mar., 1886. 
 Republican. 
 
 Republic (w). Aug. 27, 1853. 
 
 Established by W. W. Noyes, Jan., 1851, as Northern Republic; sus- 
 pended after Noyes's death, Dec, 1854. Whig. 
 
 Portage City Times. 
 
 See River Times, Fort Winnebago. 
 
 River Times (w). July, 1850— Sept., 1853. F«. 
 See same title under Fort Winnebago. 
 
 Port Washington 
 
 Ozaukee County Advertiser (w). June 13-27, 1855; Mar. — Apr., 1856. 
 F«. Aug. 7, 1856. 1873-74. F«. 
 
 Established by It. L. Gove, May, 1854 ; conducted by him four years 
 (except a few months in 1856) ; during the last year, with Seymour G. 
 Wait. 
 
 [420] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 ' In June, 1858, absorbed Ozaukee Co. Democrat (established July, 1857, 
 
 by Adolph Heidkamp and J. E. Bohan), q. v., and for several years styled 
 Advertiser and Democrat; continued by Wait and Bohan; latter remained 
 editor till his death, Nov., 1886 (with F. J. Mills, 1866-69) ; since then 
 conducted by M. G. Bohan. Democratic. File bound with West Bend 
 Republican, 1873-74. 
 
 Washington County Blade (w). Feb. 20, 1851; Aug., 19, 1852 ; Apr. 20, 
 1853. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1849, by Ehenodyne A. Bird ; conducted by him (with F. 
 J. Mills, Nov., 1849— Dec, 1850 ; with J. W. Vail, 1851— Mar., 1853) till 
 June, 1854 ; then purchased by S. Austin White. Upon erection of Ozau- 
 kee County (Mar. 7, 1853), styled Ozaukee Co. Blade; in following Sep- 
 v tember, title changed to Ozaukee Co. Times; suspended July, 1854. Ab- 
 sorbed (1850) Washington Co. Democrat, established about May, 1847, by 
 F. J. Mills ; first paper in Washington County ; sold in 1849 to J. W. Vail ; 
 merged in Blade towards end of 1850. Democratic. File bound with 
 West Bend Republican, 1873-74. 
 
 Ozaukee County Democrat (w). Sept. — Dec, 1857. 7 nos. F«. 
 
 See Ozaukee Co. Adviser. File bound with West Bend Republican, 
 1873-74. 
 
 Ozaukee County Journal (w). Sept. 29, 1853. 
 
 Founded July, 1848, by E. A. Bird. Democratic. 
 
 Weekly Star. Nov., 1879-82. F s. Jan.— Apr., 1883. F«. May, 
 1883— Feb., 1889. 3 v. P«. 1895—1908. 7 v. F«. 1909 + 
 
 Established Nov., 1879, by Eugene B. Bolens ; conducted by him (until 
 his death, Apr., 1886) ; by various members of his family (except 1894 — ■ 
 Mar., 1895, leased to M. B. Krause), till Nov., 1902 ; since then, Star Ptg. 
 Co. In Sept. — Dec, 1895, published sketches in local biography. 
 
 Ozaukee County Times (w). Sept. 29', 1853; Dec, 1853 — June, 1854, 
 7 nos., F«. Apr. 14, 21, 1859. 
 
 See Washington Co. Blade. File bound with West Bend Republican, 
 1873-74. 
 
 Port Washington Zeittjng (w). Aug. 25, 1859; Feb., 1895—1908. 7 v. 
 Fe. 1909 + 
 
 Established Mar., 1855, by Adolph Heidkamp ; conducted by him till his 
 death, June, 1881 ; then by his sons ; but now published by Carl Fehlandt. 
 Edited by P. V. Deuster, Nov., 1854-56. Democratic. 
 
 Poynette 
 
 Poynette Press (w). Nov., 1885—1901. 7 v. F<s. 1902—1909. 4 t. 
 Fe. 1910 + 
 
 Founded Apr., 1884, by J. E. and W. M. Shirk; sold by them to I. C. 
 and C. A. Sargent, Sept., 1885 ; conducted by them till 1889 ; since then, 
 by G. L. Swartz. Independent Republican. 
 
 Prairie (In Chien 
 
 Crawford County Courier (w). May, 1852— May, 1853. F«. 
 Continued as Courier, q. v. 
 
 [421] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Prairie du Chien, Wis., continued: 
 
 Courier (w). Feb., 1873-99. 9 v. Ft. 1899—1908. 5 v. F«. 1909+ 
 Founded May, 1852, by Buell E. Hutchinson and Jud. Hurd, as Craw- 
 ford Co. Courier; conducted by them two years; D. H. Johnson, May, 
 1854 — April, 1856 (with Hurd, till July, 1855; with William E. Parish, 
 till end of year ; thereafter, with Whittaker Jenkins) ; V. A. W. Merrell, 
 Apr., 1856— Nov., 1858; W. D. Merrell till his death, Mar., 1911. At 
 first, Independent; since Apr., 1856, Democratic. 
 
 Inter-County Gazette (w). Jan. — Apr., 1880. F«. 
 
 Eemoved hither from Lancaster, q. v. Published here during January, 
 then suspended till April, when one number was issued. File bound with 
 Grant Co. Gazette, 1878-79, Lancaster. 
 
 Prairie du Chien Leader (W). July, 1857-59. Ft. 
 
 Founded July, 1857, by William Hill and James H. Greene ; after Mar., 
 1859, conducted by Greene alone ; suspended Apr., 1861. Republican. 
 
 Prairie du Chien Patriot (w). Sept., 1846 — Aug., 1851. Fa. 
 
 First paper on Upper Mississippi ; founded Sept., 1846, by H. A. and 
 O. J. Wright ; conducted by them till Nov., 1847 ; H. A, Wright alone 1 till 
 Aug., 1851 ; then suspended. Non-partisan. 
 
 Crawford County Press (w). Sept., 1871— May, 1873. Ft. 
 
 Established Jan., 1870, successor of N. W. Democrat (founded Sept, 
 1868, by Horace J. Hoffman, and removed hither from Black River Falls) ; 
 first styled Crawford Co. Democrat; conducted by Hoffman till suspension. 
 May, 1873. In Dec, 1872, published reminiscences of local history by 
 Rev. Alfred Brunson. 
 
 Crawford County Press (w). 1904—1909. 3 v. F«. 1910 + 
 
 Founded Jan., 1904, by Wallace E. Martner, and since conducted by 
 him (with Frank A. Campbell, Feb. — Apr., 1904 ; with Herbert A. Beach 
 May, 1904, to date). 
 
 Prairie du Chien Unio.n (w). 1871-83. 5 v. F'. 1884-94. o v. F». 
 
 Founded Mar., 1864, by L. M. Andrews and James Greene; in following 
 July absorbed Standard-Bearer; continued by Andrews and Moody till 
 May, 1865 ; then sold to Waldo Brown ; conducted by hijm till May, 1870 
 (at first with L. C. Bixby) ; Nicholas Smith (for a time with Joseph 
 Smethurst), May, 1870 — Sept., 1874; Fred J. Bowman till Apr., 1876; B. 
 J. Castle, one year ; John R. Berryman, Mar., 1877 — Apr., 1883 (in part- 
 nership with Thurlow W. Lacy after 1878) ; Lacy and Ira D. Hurlbut, till 
 Dec. following; Hurlbut and A. M. Beach, 1884-88; George L. Miller, 
 1889 — Nov., 1890; since then, Hurlbut. Republican. 
 
 Crawford Co. Standard Bearer, published by L. R. Train and N. B. 
 Moody, Apr. — June, 1864 ; then merged in Union. 
 
 Prairie du Sac 
 
 Sauk Co. News (w). Feb., 1877— Oct., 1889. 4 v. F». 
 
 Founded Oct., 1876, by W. G. Ashton ; conducted by him one year; 
 S. W. Corwith, Nov., 1877 — Dec, 1884 ; Charles E. Whelan, Jan., 1885 — 
 June, 18S6 ; George L. Conklin, two years ; Fred W. Johns, 1888 till his 
 death, 1892 ; Etta Johns till 1894 ; Browne Bros, and E. J. Browne, 1894- 
 99 ; Glegerich & Just, 1899-1909 ; since then, Bert Giegerich. 
 
 [422] 
 
w 
 
 isconsm 
 
 Prairieville 
 
 American Fbeeman (w). Sept. 9, 1845; Nov., 1846 — Mar., 1847. F«. 
 See same title under Waukesha, which was called Prairieville, 1839—46. 
 
 Prentice 
 
 Prentice Calumet (w). 1895-96. Fs. 1897-May, 1904. 3 v. F«. 
 
 June, 1904— July, 1908. 2 v. Fb. Aug. 1908— Aug., 1910. F». 
 
 Sept, 1910+ 
 
 Established June, 1892, by Stoddard ; published by Frank H. Bell 
 
 till Aug., 1901. Edited by G. E. Vandercook, July — Dec, 1894 ; Frank H. 
 Bell, 1894-1901. Since then owned and edited by Mark E. Bell. 
 
 Prescott 
 
 Prescott Weekly Clarion. Apr., 1874 — June, 1875. P«. 
 
 Established by Morris B. Kimball, Apr., 1874 ; sold by him to E. C. 
 Kibbe, June. 1875 ; continued under title Pierce Co. Plaindealer, q. v. 
 File bound with Plaindealer, Apr., 1874-76. 
 
 Prescott Democeat (w). July, 1859 — Nov., 1860. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1858, by Pembroke V. Wise, J. M. Bailey, and D. M. 
 Lusk as N. W. Democrat, till Apr., 1860 ; continued by them till Dec, 
 1859 ; W. J. Whipple and W. R. Gates, Jan. — Nov., 1860 ; then suspended. 
 Democratic (Douglas). File for 1859 bound with Pepin Independent, 
 1858-59. 
 
 Northwestern Democeat. 
 
 See Prescott Democrat. 
 
 Prescott Journal (w). May, 1861— May, 1867. 5 v. F«. June, 1867— 
 July, 1871. F 7. 
 
 Established Apr., 1857, by Lute A. Taylor, at River Falls, as River Falls 
 Journal; in Sept., 1861, absorbed Prescott Transcript; was removed 
 hither, and styled Prescott Journal. Conducted by Taylor till Nov., 1868 ; 
 then sold to Rockwell J. Flint and E. H. Weber. Burned out, June, 1871 ; 
 thereupon suspended, and subscription-list sold to Pierce Co. Herald, Ells- 
 worth. Republican. File for 1871 bound with Plaindealer, 1875-76. 
 
 Prescott Pabaclete (w). Feb., 1855 — Feb., 1856. F«. 
 
 First paper in Pierce County; established Feb., 1855, by C. E. Young; 
 in Sept. following Oliver Gibbs became a partner; a year later, styled 
 Transcript, q. v. Independent. File bound with Transcript. 
 
 Pierce County Plaindealeb (w). 1875-91; Apr., 1892— Jan., 1893. 7 v. 
 p«. 
 
 Successor of Clarion, q. v. ; conducted by E. C. Kibbe till July, 1876 ; 
 thereafter by E. H. Ives. Continued by Prescott Tribune, q. v. Inde- 
 pendent, under Kibbe; then Democratic. 
 
 Prescott Transcript (w). Feb., 1856— Sept., 1861. 6 v. F«. 
 
 Successor of Paraclete, q. v. ; conducted by Young (except Apr. — July, 
 1857, by Oliver Gibbs) until Sept., 1861 (with Gibbs, Sept., 1855— Apr., 
 1857 ; with George D. Rand, July— Oct., 1857 ; with J. F. Young, during 
 
 [423] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Peescott, Wis., continued: 
 
 last four months). In Sept., 1861, Young enlisted in Union army, and 
 Transcript merged in Journal, a. v. Edited by H. N. Twombly, Dec, 
 1857— Sept., 1858; Frank H. Pratt, - during 1859. In 1856, published 
 "first annual review of Pierce County." Independent till 1856 ; thereafter 
 Republican. 
 
 Prescott Teibtjne (w). 1896 — 1908. 6 v. F». 1909 + 
 
 Continuation (18931, of Pierce County Plavndealer, q. v. Published by 
 George G. Price & Bro., 1893 — Jan.. 1898 ; James Goldsworthy, Jan., 1898 
 — Aug., 1901: H. P. Hurlburt (formerly of River Falls Times), Aug., 
 1901 — Oct., 1905; C. Dickerson, Oct., 1905 — Sept., 1906; Lawrence Bar- 
 rett, Sept., 1906 — May, 1907 ; W. C. Zander, May, 1907 — May, 1910 ; since 
 then, E. B. Frederick. 
 
 Preston i 
 
 Co-operative Record (m). Aug., 1893. 
 
 Princeton 
 
 Green Lake County Democrat (w). Feb., 1879-80. F«. 
 
 Established July, 1876, as Independent, by S. D. Goodell and H. A. 
 Myers ; in Sept. following, styled Green Lake Co. Democrat, and Myers 
 succeeded by Ii. S. Truesdell, as Goodell's partner. Continued by Goodell 
 (alone, after May, 1879) ; removed to Markesan, q. v., June, 1881. 
 
 Princeton Reptjbijc (w). June, 1872 — 1904. 16 v. F«. 
 
 Established 1866, by Thomas McConnell; published by him till Mar., 
 1870 (assisted during last eight months by Ezra Beeve) ; Reeve and J. C. 
 Thompson, five months ; J. C. and A. E. Thompson, Aug., 1870 — Mar., 
 1883 (except when leased to O. N. Russell and C. P. Rawson, during 
 1878) ; E. R. Beebe and Rawson, Mar., 1883— July, 1889 ; Beebe and J. 
 H. Davidson, July, 1889 — May, 1893 ; Beebe alone, till Oct., 1894 ; W. P. 
 Harmon, Oct., 1894 — Nov., 1896 ; Beebe & Clark, Nov., 1896— Mar., 1899 ; 
 Harmon & Currie, Mar., 1899- — Mar., 1900; R. P. Harmon & Co., Mar., 
 1900— Mar., 1902; Geo. V. Kelley & Co., Mar., 1902— Jan., 1904; Har- 
 mon, Kelley & Co., Jan. — Dec, 1904 ; Kelley & Co., 1905 ; M. S. Carpen- 
 ter, 1907 ; Republic Ptg. Co., 1909. Early history of Princeton, reprinted 
 from file of 1869, is given in issues beginning Nov. 28, 1895. Republican. 
 
 Princeton Stab (w). Mar., 1902— July, 1905. 2 v. F», 
 
 Founded Mar., 1902, by Beebe & Clark ; conducted by them till June, 
 1905 ; Harmon, Beebe & Co., July, 1905. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Racine 
 
 Racine Advocate (w). 1851-54. 3 v. F«. June, 1859-66. 2 v. F'. 
 1867-69. Fe. 1870— Feb., 1877; June, 1878-79. 4 T. F». 
 1880— May, 1888. 4 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1842, by Thomas J. Wisner, and published by him till his 
 death, Aug., 1843; M. M. Strong, Oct., 1843— Dec, 1844; Philo White, 
 Dec, 1844— Mar., 1846 ; J. C. Bunner and O. A. Stafford, about four 
 years ; J. W. Trowbridge, probably 1850—51 ; apparently suspended about 
 this time. Revived Sept., 1852, by Bunner and J. A. Harrison ; continued 
 by them three months ; Harrison alone, three weeks ; Charles Clement, 
 
 [424] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 ' 1853-54; A. C. Sandford (with John Tapley, 1856-62; with Henry 
 
 Sandford, after Sept., 1866), 1855 — Oct., 1884; Eliza E. Batchelor, Oct, 
 1884 — Feb., 1888 with Sandford as manager) ; then by Racine Franklin 
 Guild (E. E. Batchelor and E. O. Hand), with Albert F. Ransom as edi- 
 tor ; suspended soon after. Willard A. Cobb, assistant editor, 1865-66. 
 Issued daily, Aug. — Nov., 1850 ; May, 1853 — Mar., 1855 ; and Not., 1856 — 
 Apr., 1857 (the last a one-cent paper). In early years, Free-Soil Demo- 
 crat ; Anti-Slavery under Clement ; thereafter, Republican. 
 
 Wisconsin Aegis (w). Mar. 2, 1844. 
 
 Established Dec, 1843, as organ of Liberty party in Wisconsin; edited 
 by N. W. Fuller and S. W. Hill ; first anti-slavery paper in Wisconsin. 
 
 Wisconsin Agriculturist (s-m;w). 1895 — 1909. 14 v. P*. 1910 +' 
 Founded Jan., 1877, by A. F. Sweeter, as Racine Agriculturalist, title be- 
 ing changed in second issue to Racine Agriculturist. Controlled by 
 Fish Bros. & Co. till Sept., 1878; then edited by A. C. Fish and pub- 
 lished by George S. Bliss till July, 1883. Purchased at that time by pub- 
 lishers of Racine Manufacturer, and the papers consolidated under name 
 Racine Manufacturer and Agriculturist. . Styled Racine Agriculturist 
 till 18S6 ; Racine Wisconsin Agriculturist, 1886-92 ; since then, Wiscon- 
 sin Agriculturist. Published by Manufacturers' Pub. Co., July, 1883- 
 Jan. 1890 ; since then by Wisconsin Agriculturist Pub. Co. Edited by 
 Andrew Simonson from 1883 to his death in 1907 (after 1901 with 
 Charles H. Everett) ; since then, Everett and Arthur Simonson. 
 
 Racine Aegus (w). Mar. — Oct., 1838, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 First paper in Racine ; established Feb., 1838 ; owned by J. M. Myers, 
 Alfred Cary, M. M. Strong, and others ; edited by M. M. Strong and 
 Lorenzo James ; issued 18 numbers between Feb. and Oct., and then sus- 
 pended. Democratic. Material removed to Madison, and used in estab- 
 lishing Wisconsin Enquirer. 
 
 Racine Aegus (w). June— Dec., 1877. 1880. F'. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1868, by William I. Martin ; published by him six 
 months ; then suspended ; revived by Zebulon C. and H. M. Wentworth, 
 and conducted by them Feb., 1869 — July, 1873; by Z. C. Wentworth 
 alone, till Apr., 1877 ; by C. F. George, one year ; by E. A. Egery, Apr., 
 1878 — Dec, 1880. Daily then sold to Journal, and continued as daily 
 edition of latter ; weekly suspended. Democratic. File for June — Dec, 
 1877, bound with Advocate, 1876-77. 
 
 Racine County Aegus (w). 1874. Ft. 1875— Feb., 1879. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Wisconsin Citizen (w). 1887— Oct., 1894. F*. 
 Removed to Brodhead, q. v. 
 
 Racine Cobbespondent (w). Sept., 1901—1908. 4 v. F». 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1883 by W. F. Weber, and conducted by him till 1886 ; Charles 
 Schaupano, 1887-88 ; A. T. Falb, 1889-94 (with his son, 1889) ; Emil 
 Wittsack, 1895-99 ; since then, Henry Bonn. 
 
 Liberal Co-Wobkeb (m; bi-m, May, 1893). June— Dec, 1893. 
 
 Edited by J. F. Schindler; advocate of "liberal" religious doctrines. 
 File bound with Racine Journal, 1891-93. 
 
 [425] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Racine, Wis., continued: 
 
 Racine Democrat (w). Aug, 185(9— Aug., 1861. F». 
 
 Founded Apr., 1852, by H. M. Hulett and Lucius C. Cary as Racing 
 
 Co. Democrat; continued by Cary till Aug., 1854 (with Vilas, in 
 
 early part of 1853 ; then with J. A. Harrison) ; then purchased by O. A. 
 Stafford ; after 1858 published by Z. C. Wentworth & Co. ; suppressed by 
 authorities, Sept., 1861, for treasonable utterances. Daily published in 
 1853. 
 
 National Demokrat (w). Sept. — Oct., 1859. 
 
 Founded May, 1859, by C. Lohmann and G. Grahl ; suspended June, 
 1860. 
 
 Wisconsin Farmer and Northwestern Cultivator (m). Vols. 1-3. 
 1849-51. Indexed. 2 v. O. 
 Established May, 1849, by Mark Miller. Removed to Janesville, q. Va 
 
 Racine Daily Herald. Feb. — Mar., 1879. F b. 
 
 Pounded Dec., 1878, by Levi K. Alden ; suspended Apr., 1879. Suc- 
 ceeded by Daily News (Alden and C. W. Kemmes). Independent, File 
 bound with Argus, 1878-79. 
 
 Index (m). Sept., 1907— Aug., 1908. F«, 
 
 Founded Sept., 1907, by W. A. Jacobs, State organizer of Socialist 
 Party, and published by him till Aug., 1908. No later data obtainable. 
 
 Racine Journal (d). Nov., 1856— Nov., 1857; July— Oct., 1897. 2 t. 
 
 F6. 
 
 Established Nov., 1856 ; suspended in 1864. Daily edition of Journal is 
 now published, established Jan., 1881. See weekly Journal. 
 
 Same (w). Dec, 1865 — Dec, 1857; 1869— June, 1895". 9 t. Ft. 
 
 July, 1895—1909. 10 v. F 6. 1910 + 
 
 Founded Nov., 1856, by Henry M. Hulett and John A. Harrison ; pub- 
 lished by them three months ; Harrison and J. A. Carswell till Oct., 
 1857; then suspended. Revived in Nov., 1858, by Charles Clement; con- 
 tinued by him till May, 1863 ; Charles W. Fitch, May, 1863 — July, 1865 ; 
 William M. Utley, 1865-73 (with Hamilton Utley, after 1865) ; F. W. 
 Starbuck (with Hamilton Utley, during first year), 1874 — Feb., 1895; 
 Edmund C. Deane, Feb. — Oct., 1895; since then by Starbuck. Editors: 
 Lucius C. Cary, Mar.— Nov., 1857 ; Clement, Nov., 1858-63 ; Fitch, 
 1863-65; W. L. Utley, 1865-73; Hamilton Utley, 1874-75; Starbuck, 
 1875 — Feb. 1895 ; Deane, Feb.-Oct., 1895 ; since then, Starbuck. At 
 first Independent; then Republican (except under Fitch, Democratic). 
 
 Wisconsin Journal of Education (m). Vols. 1-2. Mar., 1856-67. 
 2 v. O. 
 
 Successor of Wis. Educ. Journal, Janesville, q. v. ; transferred by 
 Sutherland to State Teachers' Association, removed hither Dec., 1855, 
 and conducted by an editorial board ; John G. McMynn, chief editor, 
 succeeded after first year by A. J. Craig ; removed to Madison, q. r., 
 1858. 
 
 [426] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Nokden (m). Danish-Norwegian. Vols. 4-7. Nov. 1906-1910. 1911+ 
 Q. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1903 by P. B. Nelson, F. L. Norton, and Ivar Kirke- 
 gaard (Norden Pub. Co.) ; first issue, June, 1903. Edited from tha 
 first by Kirkegaard, and owned by him since Nov., 1907. Literary. 
 
 Noethwestebn Eduoatob, and Magazine of Literature and Science (m). 
 Apr.— Aug., 1849. O. 
 Removed hither from Chicago ; published and edited by James L. 
 Enos. See Free School Journal, Madison. 
 
 Old Oaken Bucket 1 , and Sons of Temperance Organ (s-m). 1849-52, 
 7 nos. F s. 
 
 Founded at Racine, May, 1849, by A. C. Barry ; published by Edward 
 Bliss and Sterling P. Rounds ; removed by them to Milwaukee, Mar., 
 1851 ; organ of Sons of Temperance till July, 1851. Removed to Madi- 
 son in Dec. following, by J. W. Hunt ; of short duration there. File 
 bound with Wis. Temp. League, Milwaukee. 
 
 Rodina (w). Nov., 1895-97; 1901+ 9 vols. F. 
 Literary edition of Slavia, q. v. 
 
 Slavie (w). Bohemian. 1874— July, 1876; Aug., 1876—1908. 19 v. 
 Fe. 1909 + 
 
 Founded Jan., 1860, by Frank Korizek, as Slovan Amerikanslcy ; first 
 Bohemian paper in U. S. ; after Sept., 1861, styled Slavie; published 
 by Korizek, edited by Vojta Masek ; edited by Carl Jonas after June, 
 1803 ; published by Carl and Fred Jonas, 1868 till early in 1895 ; J. Elias, 
 J. .1. Krai and J. Stehlik till 1909 ; since then, Stehlik & Co. Present 
 editor, Karel P. Orlovsky. Issues literary edition, Rodina. Liberal Re- 
 publican till 1872 ; since then Democratic. 
 
 Also issued Amerilcan (\v), for Bohemian immigrants and settlers; 
 founded Apr., 1872; sold in Dec, following and removed to Nebraska. 
 
 Sons op Temperance (m). 1877-78. F«. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1877, by William R. Bloomfield ; one year later, sold to 
 L. K. Alden ; suspended by end of 1878. Official organ of Sons of Tem- 
 perance. File bound with Argus, 1880. 
 
 Racine Daily Times. Apr., 1884—1910. 71 v. F s. 1911 + 
 
 Founded Nov., 1S83, by William L. Utley ; continued (Mar., 1884) by 
 him and J. H. Willis (Times Publishing Co.) ; business manager, Willis 
 till hts death (1893), subsequently his wife, Mrs. Olympia Brown ; edited 
 by W. L. Utley till his death (1887) ; Hamilton Utley till 1900. In 
 1900 passed into hands of W. I. Goouland and V. W. Lothrop, who con- 
 ducted it till 1904. Owned and edited by Lothrop alone, 1904-March 4, 
 1910 ; then incorporated, with Lothrop as editor and manager. Inde- 
 pendent. Also publishes Viley's Dollar Weekly. 
 
 Randolph 
 
 Randolph Enterprise (w). 1873-76. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1873, by J. S. Lightner; edited by G. A. Hacston, 1873- 
 74 ; sold by Lightner to E. W. and A. C. Stevens, Jan., 1876 ; conducted 
 by them six months ; F. A. Brown, July — Dec, 1876 ; continued as 
 Lively Times, q. v. Enterprise revived Oct., 1882, by a stock company; 
 
 [427] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Randolph, Wis., continued: 
 
 volumes numbered consecutively with old files and also as "new series." 
 Published in 1884 by W. M. Shirk. No later mention in directories. 
 
 Lively Times (w). 1877. F«. 
 
 Successor of Randolph Enterprise; published by F. A. Brown and 
 Arthur G. Foster during 1877 ; suspended at end of year, and office re- 
 moved to Tomah. File bound with Enterprise, 1876. 
 
 Beedsburg 
 
 Reedsburg Free Peess (w). June, 1860^-Sept, 1861. F*. 
 
 Founded June, 1860, by N. V. Chandler, suspended Sept., 1861. 
 
 Reedsburg Fbee Peess (w). Mar., 1872-77; July, 1883-89. 4 v. F». 
 1890-92. Ft. 1893-1908. 8 v. Fs. 1909 + 
 
 Established Mar., 1872, by N. V. Chandler ; continued by him till 
 July, 1878; John W. Blake (with John H. Powers till Nov., 1879) HI] 
 Mar., 1893 ; W. F. Hill till Nov., 1899 ; since then, George J. Seamans. 
 Edited by C. E. Wells, 1887 — Apr., 1888. Issued semi-weekly, Nov., 
 1894-95 ; also publishes German edition. Files for 1874-79 contain ar- 
 ticles by Solomon O. Dwinnell, "Historical and Biographical Sketches of 
 Wisconsin." In 1910 published articles on history of Narrows Prairie - , 
 and on life of Ah-ha-cho-ka, one of the oldest Indians in the State. Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Reedsburg Heeald (w). Oct., 1856 — Jan., 1858. Ft. 
 
 First paper in Reedsburg ; founded Oct., 1856, by C. Lowman and P. 
 Ruge, aided by stock company of citizens ; edited by J. Mackey and E. G. 
 Wheeler ; purchased from stockholders by Lowman, June, 1857 ; sus- 
 pended in Nov. following ; revived by Mackey and Wheeler one month 
 later, but finally suspended Feb., 1858. Democratic (anti-Lecompton). 
 
 Reedsburg Times (w). 1904-1908. 2 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1888. Conducted by George L. Conklin, 1891; Smith & 
 Johnson, 1892; Charles S. Smith, 1893-95; B. J. Hager, 1896-1900; 
 since then, T. C. Ninman (with H. B. Quinby part of the time). Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Rhinelander 
 
 Oneida County Heeald (w). Oct., 1891 — July, 1893. Fb. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1885, by D. S. Johnson, at Merrill, as West Merrill 
 Herald; removed to Rhinelander, June, 1886, and styled Oneida Co. 
 Herald; published by Johnson till Apr., 1891 ; Johnson and George M. 
 Patchen, one year ; Herald Pub. Co., since Apr., 1892 ; edited by James R. 
 Howe, Apr., 1892 — Apr., 1893; A. W. Shelton, till Sept., 1908. Styled 
 Rhinelander Herald since Aug., 1893. Republican till June, 1886; since 
 then, Democratic. 
 
 Rhinelander Heeald (w). Aug., 1894-Oct., 1909. 8 v. F«. 
 Continuation of Oneida Co. Herald, q. v. 
 
 Rhinelander News (w). Aug., 1910+ F «. 
 
 Successor of Vindicator, q. v. Published by Rhinelander Pub. Co. ; 
 edited by E. E. Payne. Republican. 
 
 [428] 
 
w 
 
 isconsm 
 
 Vindicator (w). July, 1890-1909. 9 v. F&. 1910+ 
 
 Successor of Eagle Elver Vindicator, q. v. ; published since July, 1890, 
 by Samuel Shaw. Succeeded by Rhinelander Hews, q. v., Aug. 3, 1910. 
 Republican in national politics, Independent in local ; also advocates tem- 
 perance and religion. File for 1890-91 bound with Eagle River Vindi- 
 cator, Jan. — July, 1887. 
 
 Rice Lake 
 
 Barron County Chbonotype (w). Mar., 1875 — July, 1882. 3 v. Ft. 
 Successor (Sept., 1874) of Barron Co. Gazette (founded June, 1874, 
 at Barron, by C. W. Carpenter and W. L. Abbott) ; continued by Car- 
 penter at Rice Lake, till June, 1875 ; then purchased by Rice Lake Village 
 Company. Edited by A. Dewey, one year ; Charles Nunn, till May, 1877 ; 
 Ferd. Peachman, six months ; Charles F. Bone, Nov., 1877-85 ; P. H. 
 Swift, 1885-94; II. M. Hilliker, 1894-1896; E. N. Bowers, Dec, 1896— 
 Sept., 1905 ; since then, E. C. McClelland. Styled Riee Lake Chronotype 
 since 1891. Absorbed Rice Lake Leader, Mar., 1909. Republican. 
 
 Rice Lake Chronotype (w). Dec, 1896-1910. 7 v. F«. 1911+ 
 See Barron County Chronotype. 
 
 Rice Lake Leader (w). July, 1896-97; Jan., 1898 — Mar., 1909. 7 v. 
 F«. 
 
 Founded July, 1896 ; published by Ward L. Swift and Harry W. Mc- 
 Court till Jan., 1898; W. L. and P. H. Swift, Jan., 1898— Feb., 1899; 
 P. H. Swift, Feb., 1899 — Apr., 1903; Leader Pub. Co. (Cass TJ. Jen- 
 kins, manager), a few weeks; then by the Swifts till Aug. 17, 1904, 
 when G. C. Elwood bought the plant. Conducted by him alone till May, 
 1905 ; with R. C. Peck, May, 1905— May, 1906 ; Peck, and E. E. Camp- 
 bell, May, 1906 — Mar., 1909. Then merged in Rice Lake Chronotype, 
 q. v. 
 
 Richland Center 
 
 Advocate (w). May, 1902. F. 
 
 Richland Democrat (w). Oct., 1880— Apr., 1881. F». 
 
 Established Aug.. 1880, by Otis H. Brand ; suspended Jan., 1881. 
 Soon afterward, revived by Jerry A. Smith ; styled Farmer, in issue of 
 May 6, 1881 ; then Democrat and Farmer. Continued as Richland Rus- 
 tic, q. v. File bound with Richland Rustic, 1881-83. 
 
 Independent (w). Aug. — Dec, 1872. F«. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1872, by J. Walworth and M. F. Satterlee, as succes- 
 sor of Recorder; suspended at close of same year. File bound with 
 Richland County Republican, 1873-76. 
 
 Richland Co. Sentinel founded Mar., 1868, by W. M. Fogo and J. Wal- 
 worth ; after following Aug.. conducted by Walworth alone, till Mar., 
 1871 ; sold then to Edwin Pickard, and styled Richland Co. Recorder. 
 Succeeded, a year later, by Independent. Republican. 
 
 Observer (w). Dec, 1876— Aug., 1878. F«. Sept., 1878-80. Ft. 
 
 Established Dec, 1876, by J. H. Waggoner; continued by him till 
 Jan., 1883 ; then sold to Fogo and O. G. Munson, and merged In Re- 
 publican, q. v. 
 
 429] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Richland Center, Wis., continued: 
 
 Richland County Obsebveb (w). Nov., 1855 — Apr., 1859; May 1, 1860; 
 1861— Feb., 1866. 3 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded by Israel Sanderson, Nov., 1855 ; sold by him to John Wal- 
 worth, July, 1858 ; continued by latter (with D. T. Lindley, 1859 — July, 
 1860 ; then with Frank A. Moore) till Nov., 1863 ; purchased then by 
 William J. Waggoner, Gilbert C. Laws, and Samuel C. Hyatt; continued 
 by Waggoner (with J. H. Waggoner, after Apr., 1864) to Aug., 1865 ; 
 J. H. Waggoner and Hyatt, two months; then purchased by Walworth, 
 W, M. Fogo, and J. M. Hoskins (a partner till July, 1866). In July, 
 1867, sold to C. H. Smith and G. L. Laws, and soon after consolidated 
 with Live Republican (founded Dec, 1866, by Ira S. Haseltine and 
 J. H. Waggoner) ; continued as Richland Co. Republican. 
 
 Live Republican (w). Dec, 1866 — Aug<, 1867. Ft. 
 
 Styled Richland County Republican (q. v.), Aug., 1867. With Rich- 
 land Co. papers, 1864-68. 
 
 Richland County Republican (w). Aug., 1867 — Mar., 1876. 3 v. Ft. 
 Apr., 1876-81. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1866 (see first Observer, note). Styled Live Republi- 
 can till Aug., 1867 ; in July, 1867, Haseltine's share purchased by Smith 
 & Laws ( of Observer) ; continued by them till Feb., 1868 ; then sold to 
 George E. Stevens ; continued by him and J. H. Waggoner one year ; 
 Waggoner (in partnership with Fogo, during last year) till Sept., 1874; 
 since then, Fogo (with Laws, till Apr., 1876 ; then with O. G. Munson, 
 till 1885). In Jan., 1881, absorbed second Observer, q. v., and con- 
 tinued as Republican and Observer, q. v. 
 
 Reitjblican and Observer (w). 1882-1909. 14 v. Fs. 19104- 
 
 Consolidation (Jan., 1881) of Richland County Observer and Richland 
 County Republican, q. v. Edited by W. M. Fogo till his death in 1902 ; 
 since then, S. W. Fogo for the estate. 
 
 Richland Rustic (w). Oct., 1880-1900.^7 v. Ft. 1901-1908. 4 v. 
 F«. 1909+ 
 
 Continuation (June, 1881) of Richland Democrat and Farmer. No 
 name of publisher or editor given in its columns ; but Wis. Blue Book 
 names J. A. Smith as publisher till 1890; F. A. Smith, 1891-94. Con- 
 ducted by D. H. Richards, Mar., 1895 — Nov., 1898; Moody & Bailey, 
 Nov., 1898 — July, 1900 ; L. D. and Harry Bailey, July, 1900— June, 
 1906 ; since then, L. D. Bailey. Independent. 
 
 Richland Zouave (w). Sept., 1861— July, 1862. F«. 
 
 Established Sept., 1861, by G. W. Gregory and Sophia E. Bloomer 
 {pseud. "Leisle Lester") ; suspended Sept., 1862. Independent File 
 bound with Richland Co. Observer, 1861-63. 
 
 Ridgeway 
 
 Barneveld Banner (w). July, 1897— Oct., 1899. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1892 by E. J. Roach & Son. Conducted by them till June, 
 1899 ; then sold to Times Ptg. Co., Mt. Horeb. 
 
 [430] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Rio 
 
 Badger Blade (w). Mar., 1902-1909. 4 v. Fe. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1902, by Lemuel H. Doyle ; conducted by him till Nov., 
 1906 ; since then, Frank D. Goodwin. 
 
 Columbia County Reporter (w). Sept., 1886-1906. 10 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1S86, by Lemuel H. Doyle ; continued by him till May, 
 1895 ; A. M. Jordan, five months ; J. W. Bathgate till suspension, Dec, 
 1906. Independent Republican ; advocated prohibition. Also published 
 Christian Enquirer (m) ; religious; edited by E. A. Trevor. 
 
 Ripon 
 
 Ripon Commonwealth (w). 1864-66; July, 1887-1909. 9 v. Ft, 
 
 1910+ 
 
 Successor of Prairie City Record (see Ripon Times, note), established 
 Jan., 1864, by J. A. Smith, proprietor of Fond du Lac Commonwealth; 
 edited by A. T. Glaze; conducted by them till Feb., 1867; then purchased 
 by Glaze and continued by him till Apr., 1874 ; N. H. Bailhache till Oct, 
 1875 (with Mason Brayman, during first year ; with E. L. Scofield,, four 
 months) ; Scofield, seven years (with C. N. Hodges till Oct., 1877 ; with 
 B. J. Price, 1878) ; George D. Herron, 1882-83 ; J. C. and A. G. Thomp- 
 son, one year ; after Sept., 1S84, by Clarence H. Ellsworth (with A. C. 
 Harmon till June, 1889; then with P. C. Pride), till 1910; since then, 
 E. N. Ellsworth. Published, Nov., 1885 — Jan., 1886, series of papers on 
 history of Ripon. Republican till 1884 ; under Ellsworth, non-partisan. 
 
 Wisconsin Good Templae (w; m, after Apr., 1874). Feb., 1873— Aug., 
 1874. Fb. 
 
 Founded at Madison, Feb., 1873, by T. D. Stone and A. F. Booth; 
 S. D. Hastings and T. D. Kanouse, associate editors ; removed to Ripon 
 in following April ; after Aug., 1873, conducted by Stone alone till sus- 
 pension, Aug., 1874. Advocated Prohibition ; official organ of Grand 
 Lodge, I. O. G. T. 
 
 Ripon Hebald (w). Jan. 11 — Mar. 8, 1854—59. 
 
 First paper in Ripon ; founded Dec, 1853, by A. P. Mapes and Irving 
 Root; conducted by them till Apr. following; Mapes alone, Apr. — Nov., 
 1854; C. J. Allen, Nov., 1854 — July, 1855; then purchased by E. L. 
 Runals and E. T. Goodrich, in order to oppose Free Love movement of 
 that time; styled by them Spur; conducted by Runals (with N. W. 
 Fuller, during last three months) till Jan., 1857; title changed (Nov., 
 1856) to Home, q. v. Democratic under Mapes ; Independent, under 
 Allen ; after June, 1856, Republican. File bound with Ripon papers, 
 1855-59. 
 
 Ripon Home (w). Jan.— June, 1857. F<>. 
 
 Successor to Spur (see Herald) ; purchased Jan., 1857, by James V. 
 Fitch ; in May following, sold by him to Fuller and George W. Parker ; 
 suspended within two months. File bound with Ripon papers, 1855-59. 
 
 Ripon Press (w). Sept., 1900-1910. 5 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 -Same (s-w). Dec, 1905— Feb., 1908. F«. 
 
 See Free Press and Advance Press. 
 
 [431] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Ripon, Wis., continued: 
 
 Advance Press (w). Nov., 1896 — Sept., 1900. 2 v. F». 
 
 Successor of Free Press, q. v. Continued by Ripon Press, q. v. 
 
 Ripon Fbee Press (w). 1875-90. 7 v. Ft. 1891-96. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1870, by ' Lyman B. Everdell ; conducted by George C. 
 Duffle and E. H. Merrell till Mar., 1874; T. D. Stone (with Don E. 
 Cramer till Nov., 1S76; with Hiram M. Lyon, two years; with J. R. 
 Bloom, a few months) till Nov., 1889 ; then ■ sold to W. B. Hazeltine. 
 One year later, purchased by Merrell ; conducted by him till 1894 ; then 
 by E. S. Knox and Co. Consolidated, Jan., 1897, with Ripon Advance, 
 as Advance-Press; published by Morse & Dunbar till Oct.; B. L. Morse, 
 Oct., 1897 — Jan., 1898 ; W. J. Brown, Jan. — Apr., 1898. Then bought 
 by Elmer L. Howe and published by him till his death in 1909 ; since 
 then by E. L. Howe Ptg. Co. Styled Ripon Press since May, 1900. Daily 
 edition issued during first half of 1885. Republican ; under Merrell, Pro- 
 hibitionisc. Claimed to be first paper in Wisconsin to advocate organi- 
 zation of State Prohibiton party. 
 
 During Jan. — May, 1885, Free Press was merged in Republican (estab- 
 lished late in 1884, by Ira C. Edwards) ; but Stone foreclosed mortgage, 
 and in May restored old title. Edwards published another Free Press 
 during May — July, but in last named month sold his plant to G. Shaw, 
 who immediately sold it to Stone. 
 
 Prairie City Record (w). May — Dec, 1863. F«. 
 
 Succeeded by Commonwealth, q. v. ; see Times, note. File bound with 
 Times, 1860-63. 
 
 Ripon Spur (w). Aug. 4', 1855— Sept. 26, 1856 (incomp.). Fs. 
 See Herald. 
 
 Ripon Star (w). Mar.— May, 1857. Fe. 
 
 Published by T. J. Mapes ; issued but six numbers. Revived Jan., 
 1859, by A. P. Mapes ; issued semi-weekly, Oct. — Nov., 1859, and Oct. — 
 Nov., 1861. In Nov., 1861, office was mobbed and destroyed by men 
 from the First Cavalry, then encamped at Ripon ; but publication was re- 
 sumed in following March ; continued till suspension, Dec., 1862 ; Demo- 
 cratic. File bound with Ripon papers, 1855-59. 
 
 Ripon Weekly Times. Aug.,, 1859 — Apr., 1863. F«. 
 
 Successor of Ripon Home; established Nov., 1857, under title of 
 Western Times, by G. B. Christy and G. W. Fishier; edited by F. C. 
 Messenger ; suspended after third number. A few months later, pur- 
 chased by George W. Parker, and continued till Dec., 1858, when sold to 
 C. J. Allen and styled Ripon Weekly Times. Conducted by Allen till 
 July, 1861 (in partnership with George Burnside, Nov., 1859 — May, 1861 ; 
 Nelson Bowerman, two months) ; Bowerman, July, 1861— r-Dec., 1863 (in 
 partnership with N. C. Strong, May — Oct., 1863) ; edited by Allen, 
 May, 1862, till his death, Oct. 1 following; succeeded by Commonwealth, 
 q. v., Jan., 1864. Styled Prairie City Record after Apr., 1863. Repub- 
 lican. File for 1859 bound with Fond du Lac Herald, 1855-56. 
 
 [432] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Biver Falls 
 River Falls Advance (w). July, 1874— Jan., 1876: F». 
 
 Published by A. Morse & Son as an additional (or s-w) issue of 
 Journal, q. v. ; established July, 1874 ; suspended after Jan., 1876, the 
 office being destroyed by fire. 
 
 Rural Bee Keeper (m). Vols. 1-2. 1904-1906. O. 
 
 Founded 1904, and published till 1907 by W. H. Putnam. No later 
 mention in directories. 
 
 River Falls Journal (w). June, 1859 — Feb., 1861. Ft. 
 
 Established Apr., 1857, by L. A. and H. A. Taylor; conducted by them 
 till Aug., 1858 ; L. A. Taylor alone, till suspension, Mar., 1861. In 
 May, removed to Prescott, q. v. 
 
 River Falls Journal (w). Aug., 1872-75. 2 v. F«. 1876-87. 4 v. 
 Ft. 1888-1901. 5 v. Fs. 1902-1909. 4 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Established Aug., 1872, by Abner Morse, as revival of first Journal 
 (see also Prescott Journal), its volumes being numbered as If publica- 
 tion had been continuous ; in following Nov., Morse's son, C. E., became 
 his partner ; conducted by them four years, and by C. R. Morse since 
 Nov., 1876 (with J. L. Moody, until Feb., 1881; then with J. H. Wil- 
 kinson, one year). Published, July 23 — Aug. 6, 1875, historical sketch 
 of Pierce County, by J. W. Winn. Republican. 
 
 River Falls Press (w). July, 1874 — June, 1883. 5 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded July, 1874, by George B. Merrick ; conducted by him (after 
 1877, with Walter S. Fowler) ; suspended Oct., 1883. Published July — 
 Sept. 1876, "Recollections of early history of River Falls," by J. Foster. 
 
 St. Croix Falls 
 Dalles of St. Croix (w). Apr., 1881— Nov., 1884. F«. 
 
 Established Jan., 1881, by D. A. Caneday ; published by him (but 
 edited by W. H. Williams, after Nov., 1883) ; apparently suspended, 
 Nov., 1884. Independent. File bound with Polk County Press (Osceola), 
 1885-87. 
 
 Polk County Press (w). Aug., 1904-1906. Fa. 
 See same title under Osceola. 
 
 St. Croix Valley Standard (w). Feb., 1895-1908. 6 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1885. Published by £.. A. Ingersoll, 1887-88; J. H. McCourt, 
 1889-94 (with — McCourt); Fred Hudson, 1895 — June, 1898; J. A. 
 BlackwelJ, June, 1898 — Jan., 1899; A. C. Arveson, Jan. — Sept., 1899; 
 Carrie F. Cole. Sept., ] 899— Sept., 1903; Stewart & Folsom, Sept., 
 1903 ; C. W. Folsom, Sept., 1903-1909 ; since then, Francis P. Roets. 
 Republican. 
 
 Sank City 
 
 Pionieb am Wisconsin (w). 1865— June, 1897. 11 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1853, by C. Duerr and L. Joachim; suspended in 
 autumn of 1854, but revived in Apr.' following by C. C. Kuntz, and 
 conducted by him two years ; Julius Kohn, 1857 — Sept., 1858 ; L. 
 
 C 433 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Sauk City, Wis., continued: 
 
 Crusius, Oct., 1858-86 (with H. Kleinpell, till Feb., 1878; with H. 
 Muehlberg, Mar., 1878-81 ; with Kuntz, five years) ; after 1886, Kuntz 
 alone till 1898. At that time bought by Sauk City Presse, and the 
 two merged into Saulc City Pionier Presse. Edited since then by Max 
 H. Ninman. Issued semi-weekly in 1892-93. Anti-slavery till 1855 ; 
 then Republican; since 1881, Independent. 
 
 Wisconsin Workman (m). May, Oct., 1898; Feb., 1899. F*. 
 See Badger Workman under Neillsville. 
 
 Seymour 
 
 Mendel's Aurora (s-m; w). May, 1880— Sept., 1882. O. 
 See same title under Appleton. 
 
 Sharon 
 
 Sharon Inquirer (w). Oct,, 1873 — Aug., 1878. F«. 
 
 Founded by J. C. Keeney as successor of Ft. Atkinson Herald, re- 
 moved hither Sept., 1873 ; conducted by Clarence R. Conable till Aug., 
 1878 ; then removed to Delavan, and continued as Enterprise, q. v. Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Liberal Worker (bi-w; w, after Mar., 1875'). Sept., 1874-75. FMl. 
 Established Sept., 1874, by t George W. Cooke, as organ of Unitarian 
 and other liberal churches in West ; in Dee., 1875, merged in Spectro- 
 scope, Milwaukee, q. v. File bound with Walworth Co. Liberal, Elk- 
 horn, 1874-75. 
 
 Shawano 
 
 Shawano Advocate. 
 
 See Shawano County Advocate. 
 
 Shawano County Advocate (w). Dec, lSSl-SS. 5 v. F«. 1894-98. 
 Ft. 1905-1907. 2 v. F«. 1908+ 
 
 Founded Dec, 1881, by A. F. Klunder and C. R. Klebesadel ; pub- 
 lished by them till following May ; Klebesadel with various partners, 
 till Aug., 1884 ; K. M. Phillips, with various partners, till Nov., 1890 ; 
 O. O. Wiegand and F. L. Amel, Nov., 1890— Dec, 1898. In Dec, 1898, 
 bought by L. C. Bold and consolidated with Shawano Dispatch, as Sha- 
 wano Advocate- Dispatch; edited by him till Jan., 1901 ; O. O. Wiegand, 
 1901-1902. Bought by E. J. Scott, Feb., 1903, and since edited by 
 him as Shawano Advocate. Issues for Dec, 1895, contain articles on 
 history of Shawano County. Democratic. 
 
 Shawano County Journal (w). July — Sept., 1859; 1865-68. F». 
 1869— July, 1888. 6 v. F'. 1890-98. 4 v. F«.< 
 
 Founded Aug., 1859, by John Wiley, Geo. B. Edmonds, and A G. 
 Rockwell ; successor of Venture, q. v. ; conducted by them till May, 
 1860 ; then by Edmonds, till suspension, Jan., 1861. Revived in March 
 following, probably by Rockwell ; conducted by him (in partnership with 
 C. M. TJpham during most of this term) till Jan., 1868 ; M. H. Mc- 
 Cord (with Rockwell, during first six months ; with TJpham, July, 1868 — 
 Oct., 1871) till July, 1874 (except by E. W. Stevens, Nov., 1871— Feb., 
 
 [434] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 1872; and Worcester and A. D. Gorham, Jan., 18T3 — Jan., 1874). 
 
 In Aug., 1874, purchased by John M. Schweers and John Winans, and 
 united with Win. Post, q. v. ; continued by H. M. Loomer, Jan., 1875 — 
 Jan., 1879 ; Angenette J. Peavcy, Feb.. 1879 — Oct., 1882 (edited by 
 W. N. Rogers till Oct., 1881 1 ; Joseph M. Rogers, Oct., 1882 — July, 1884; 
 D. Gorham, July, 1884-1895 ; Gorham Bros., 1895-Oct, 1906 ; Perry 
 Bros., 1906 — Aug., 1909 ; since then, S. L. Perry. In May, 1894, ab- 
 sorbed Transcript (recently established by F. M. Edwards) ; continued 
 as Journal and Transcript (with Edwards as Gorham's partner) till 
 Mar., 1895. Republican (except Independent under Rockwell and Rogers; 
 Democratic under Loomer; and "Reform," under Worcester & Gorham). 
 
 ■Wisconsin Post (w). German. Feb. — Dec, 1874. Fe. 
 
 Founded May, 1872 ; conducted by H. Mussaus till Apr., 1874 ; dur- 
 ing next four months, published by Wis. Post Co., and by Shawano Ptg. 
 Co. till Dec, following ; then probably suspended. "Reform." File 
 bound with Shawano Co. Journal, 1873-74. 
 
 Shawano Venture (w). Oct., 1858 — Jan., 1859, 8 nos. F». 
 
 First paper in Shawano ; established Aug., 1858, by William C. 
 Tompkins ; succeeded, a year later, by Journal. Independent. File 
 bound with Journal, 1873-75. 
 
 VOLKSBOTE-Wochenblatt (w). Nov., 1897-99. 19 v. Ft. 1900-1909. 
 5 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1884 by H. Grosser, as Shawano County Demokrat ; soon suc- 
 ceeded (1885) by Shawano County Wochenblatt, conducted by L. C. 
 Bold. Combined in 1900 with Shawano Tolksoote (founded 1897 by 
 John Esser, owned by him till 1899, then by M. J. Walbrich ; edited by 
 Heinrich Ton Eicholz). Since then controlled by M. J. Walbrich and 
 W. C. Zackow ; edited by F. A. Jaekel till 1905 ; James Alexander, 1905 — 
 May, 1910 ; since then, Arthur Mathwig. 
 
 Sheboygan 
 
 Lake Shore Advocate (w). Sept. — Oct., 1859, 5 nos. 
 
 Established by Carl Zillier, Mar., 1859 ; continued by him nearly a 
 year (with H. S. Ehrman after August). Democratic. 
 
 National Democrat (vr). Aug., 1901-June, 1910. 7 v. F«. 1911+ 
 Founded 1857 by Carl Zillier, formerly employed on Republican, 
 which he bought in 1857, conducted by him till 1889 ; since then, Fran* 
 Gottsacker. Incorporated in 1889 as Nat'l. Dem. Ptg. Co. 
 
 Sheboygan Hebald (w). 1874— Oct., 1882. 3 v. Ft. 1892-1909. 10 T. 
 F«. 1910+ 
 
 Continuation of Sheboygan Co. Herald; conducted by — Marsh eleven 
 years ; A. R. Marschner & Son, May, 1881 — Nov., 1882 ; apparently 
 merged (at that time, or early in 1883) in Sun, and styled Sun and 
 'Herald; L. K. Howe, publisher. Resumed old title in 1884. Published 
 by Howe till 1906 ; since then, Herald Pub. Co. Republican. 
 
 Sheboygan County Herald (w). July, 1869— Nov., 1871. Ft. 
 
 Successor (Sept. 1867) of Northwestern Record; purchased Oct., 1868, 
 by L. B. Noyes ; removed hither from Sheboygan Falls, Jan., 1870 ; con- 
 ducted by Noyes and J. L. Marsh till May, 1870; continued by Marsh, 
 and afterward styled Sheboygan Herald. Republican. 
 
 [435] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Sheboygan, Wis., continued: 
 
 Northwestern Record founded at Sheboygan Falls, Mar., 1867, by 
 S. D. Littlefield. J. A. Straub, and W. H. Conner. Burned out within 
 three weeks, but resumed In June; in Aug., purchased by Charles S. 
 McCausland, but suspended after two weeks. "Devoted to temperance, 
 agriculture, moral reform," etc. 
 
 Sheboygan Journal (w). 1857-66. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Sheboygan Lake Journal (w). 1853 — Nov., 1856. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Successor (July, 1851) of Sheboygan Lake Democrat; conducted by 
 F. J. Mills (with various temporary suspensions) till July, 1865 (with 
 W. E. Woodbury, Jan. — May, 1852; with E. E. Sharpe, Dec., 1856 — 
 Dec, 1858) ; then suspended. Styled Sheboygan Journal, after 1856. 
 Revived by Sharpe, Aug., 1865 ; continued till about Oct., 1868 ; then 
 suspended. 
 
 Spirit of the Times (w) established May or June, 1848, by Frank L. 
 Goodrich ; office burned out soon afterwards, but paper continued till 
 Apr., 1849. Succeeded in July following, by Sheboygan Democrat, 
 founded by A. D. and J. La Due ; conducted by La Dues till spring of 
 1851 ; in June, purchased by F. J. Mills and merged in Sheboygan Lake 
 Democrat (published by Mills and H. C. Hobart) ; continued as She- 
 boygan Lake Journal. Issued daily edition of Democrat in June, 1850. 
 
 Sheboygan Mercury (w). Feb. — Aug., 1849. F«. 
 
 First regular paper in Sheboygan ; founded Feb., 1847, by J. M., G. W., 
 and G. M. Gillett, and continued by them till suspension, Nov., 1852. 
 Sold to Henry F. Eastman, Jan., 1853, and title changed to Weekly 
 Chronicle; continued by Eastman through Jan., 1854 (with H. Lyman, 
 during first six months), then succeeded by Evergreen City Times, q. v. 
 Edited by H. N. Ross, in 1848. Issued daily during summer of' 1852. 
 Whig ; under Eastman, non-partisan. File bound with Times, 1871-74. 
 
 Nieuwsbode (w). Dutch. Mar., 1854— May, 1861. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1849, by Jacob Quintus as "organ of NetheTlanders in 
 North America ;" claimed to be first Dutch paper in United States ; con- 
 ducted by Quintus (with E. Verbur*, during 1.854) till May, 1859; 
 sold to August Pott, Mar., 1858 ; suspended May, 1861, and merged in 
 zeitung. At first, Democratic; 1856 — Oct., 1857, Republican; then 
 Democratic, for a time ; but Republican, May, 1860, and after. File for 
 1861 bound with -Sheb. Co. Herald, 1869-71. 
 
 Zeitung (w) established by August Pott, June, 1860; conducted. by 
 him (Conrad Krez, editor in 1860-61) till his death, Sept., 1872; then 
 suspended. Revived (June, 1880) by his son, August W. Pott. Ab- 
 sorbed Nieuwsbode, May, 1861 ; and Tribune, Dec, 1881. Republican. 
 
 Democratic Secretary (w). Oct. 7, 1853. 
 
 Founded June, 1853, by Jacob Quintus ; edited by C. E. Morris ; sus- 
 pended June, 1854, "for lack of an editor." 
 
 Sheboygan Telegram (d). May, 1897— June, 1910. 29 v. F». July, 
 1910+ 
 
 Founded 1'887. Published since 1889 by Telegram Pub. Co. Edited 
 by Charles Ware, i889-90 ; E. H. Dwight, 1891-92; Ware, 1892-97. 
 Republican. 
 
 [436] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsm 
 
 Evergreen City Times (w). Mar., 1854-70. 5 v. Ft. 
 
 Successor of Chronicle (see Mercury), which was purchased by Hector 
 N. Ross, Jan., 1854, and styled as above ; title again changed (Jan., 1869) 
 to Sheboysian Times, q. v. ; conducted by Ross (with P. M. Porter, Aug., 
 1854— Feb., 1855 ; then with W. R. Stoddard till Mar., 1861 ; with W. R. 
 Pinch, 1870). Independent, till 1856; thereafter Republican. 
 
 Sheboygan Times (w). 1871-98. 10 v. Ft. 
 
 Continuation of Evergreen City Times, q. v. ; conducted by Hector N. 
 Ross, 1854-97 ; then by Times Pub. Co. till suspended at close of 1898. 
 Piles of paper pumhased by L. K. Howe of Herald. 
 
 Volksblatt (w). Dec. 24, 31, 1898; Apr. 14, 1900; June 20, 1903; 
 Mar. — May, 1905. Fa. 
 
 Pounded 1895 by Volksblatt Pub. Co., and conducted by them ti« 
 1905. No later mention in directories. Labor. 
 
 Sheboygan Zeittjng (s-w). Sept., 1901— June, 1910. 7 v. Fa. July, 
 1910+ 
 
 Pounded 1880 by A. W. Pott ; conducted by him till Dec, 1904 ; since 
 then, Sheboygan Pub. Co., J. N. Ellenbecker, manager; edited by O. F. 
 Huhn. 
 
 Sheboygan Falls 
 
 Sheboygan County News (w). 1879-1910. 15 v. F&. 1911+ 
 
 Pounded in 1876 by Flavins J. Mills, at Sheboygan ; removed hither Aug., 
 1878 ; one month later, sold by Mills to Jud E. Thomas, and afterwards 
 conducted by him, assisted by Mary E. Thomas, Sept., 1878 — June, 1883 ; 
 Mattie B. Thomas, to Feb., 1893 ; since then, W. C. Thomas. Successively 
 Democratic, Greenback Democratic, and Independent ; gives much attention 
 to dairy interests. 
 
 Shell Lake 
 
 Washburn County Register (w). Feb., 1896-1908. 6 v. Fs. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1889. Published most of the time since by Register Pub. Co. 
 
 Shell Lake Watchman (w). Mar., 1891— July, 1910. 9 v. Fa. 
 
 Pounded June, 1882, by William Irle ; published by him till May, 1890; 
 G. L. and J. E. Jones till Mar., 1900 ; Blair E. Hoar, Mar., 1900 — Sept., 
 1904 ; Andrew Ryan about a month ; then leased by Andrew Kennedy, and 
 conducted by him till merged (July, 1910), in Washburn County Register, 
 q. v. 
 
 Shiocton 
 
 Shlocton News (w). June, 1897-1909. 5 v. Fa. 1910+ 
 
 Founded June, 1897, by J. H. Colburn, and since published by him. 
 
 Shullsburg 
 
 Shullsburg Free Peess (w). Mar., 1882 — Apr., 1884. F». 
 
 Founded July, 1881, by H. E. Maclellan ; in Apr., 1884, sold to Henry 
 Jane, and merged in Pick and Gad, q. v. 
 
 [437] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Shtjllsbukg, Wis., continued: 
 
 La Fayette County HeIbald (w). Nov. 29, 1855. Apr., 1856-57. P«. 
 Founded Jan., 1855, as successor ol first Pick and Cad; conducted 
 by James E. Eose and Hamilton H. Gray, one year; Jonathan J. 
 Marvin, one year ; sold to Edwin Pickard, Mar., 1857 ; conducted by him 
 one year ; he then took as partner Egbert E. Carr, and changed title to 
 Southwestern Local, q. v. Contained in 1856 a series of articles, descrip- 
 tive and historical, on La Payette County. 
 
 South- Western Local (w). 1859— Mar., 1865. Ft. 
 
 Continuation of La Fayette Go. Herald, q. v. ; published by Edwin Picto- 
 ard and Egbert E. Carr, Mar., 1858 — Sept., 1861 ; Packard alone, eight 
 months ; Hugh Campbell, three weeks ; Patrick P. Duffy and Moses Camp- 
 bell, June, 1862 — Aug., 1864 ; Duffy alone, till suspension, Mar., 1865. 
 Democratic (Douglas, in 1860). ■ 
 
 Southwestern Local (w). 1887-88. Ft. 1895 — Nov., 1902. 4 v. F«. 
 Pounded Feb., 1886 ; conducted by T. H. McElroy & Son till Sept., 1895 ; 
 J. W. Blackstone & Son till suspension, Nov., 1902. Democratic ; now In- 
 dependent. 
 
 Pick and Gad (w). Oct. 4, 1853. 
 
 Founded June, 1853, by Walter Nimocks ; after a few weeks, S. G. Bugh 
 became a partner ; conducted by them till Oct., 1854 ; then by Hamilton H. 
 Gray till suspension in Dec. following. Pro-Slavery Democratic. 
 
 Pick and Gad (w). Apr., 1884-86. Ft. 1887-1908. 11 v. F6. 1909+ 
 Pounded July, 1882, by T. J. Law ; conducted by him till Jan., 1906 ; 
 since then, A. W. Law. Published (Apr. — June, 1884) series of paperB by 
 I. W. Glines on "Early times in the lead mines of Illinois and. Wisconsin." 
 Absorbed Free Press, q. v. Apr., 1884, and Jane became Law's partner. 
 Independent. File for 1884 bound with Free Press, 1882-84. 
 
 Telegraph (w). Mar. — Nov., 1849, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 Successor (Aug., 1848) of Lafayette Republican, (founded May, 1848, by 
 
 Cleveland) ; conducted by James Delany (for a time, with O. J. 
 
 Wright). Democratic. File bound with La Fayette Co. Democrat, Darl- 
 lington, 1866-69. 
 
 Sinsinawa 
 
 Young Eagle (m). "Vols. 23-34. Dec, 1897-1909. 6 v. Q. 1910+ 
 Published by teachers and students of St. Clara's Academy. Contains 
 English translation of Father Mazzuchelli's Memorie Istoriche (journal of 
 his missionary travels in the West, especially Wisconsin). 
 
 Soldiers Grove 
 
 Advance (w). 
 
 See Crawford County Advance. 
 
 Crawford Co. Advance (w). July 1894— July, 1903. 4 v. F». 
 
 Founded 1884 by Cole Bros, as successor of Kickapoo Transcript and 
 published by them till Jan., 1897 ; P. A. Glick and D. Bachtenkirdher till 
 Sept. of that year ; G. E. , Anderson till June, 1899. In August, 1899, 
 bought by G. L. Miller, formerly of Prairie du Chien Union, who, with his 
 son Charles, conducted it till Apr., 1902. Then bought by C. A. Cryder- 
 
 [438] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 man and conducted by him till Dec, assisted till Sept. by Roland B. Mc- 
 Daniel, then by Archibald Waffle. After Feb., 1898, styled Advance. Sold 
 to John W. Blake in 1902, and styled Kickapoo Yalley Journal, q. t. Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Crawford County Journal (w). Apr., 1883-88. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Pounded Jan., 1882, by an association of citizens; conducted by William 
 Borgen till May following; Ira D. Hurlburt, May, 1883 — Apr., 1884 (at 
 the last, with J. E. Patten) ; C. N. Chapman, three months; thereafter, 
 James Dinsdale ; suspended at close of 1888 for a few months. Revived 
 July, 1889, as Kickapoo Transcript, q. v. Independent. 
 
 Kickapoo Valley Journal (w). July, 1903 — Oct., 1907. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Successor of Crawford Co. Advance, q. v. Published by Blake till Oct., 
 1907 (except, for two years, 1902-1904, by J. W. Babcock) ; then sold to 
 Nagler & Rasmussen, the present owners. Styled Kickapoo Scout (q. v.), 
 Oct., 1907. 
 
 Kickapoo Scout (w). Oct., 1907 -f- F«. 
 See Kickapoo Valley Journal. 
 
 Kickapoo Transcript (w). Aug., 1889 — Oct., 1892. Jan. — Sept., 1893 
 (lncomp.). F». 
 
 Founded July, 1889 ; after a month united with JDe Soto Chronicle, q. T. 
 (removed hither by its publisher, Frank A. Carr) ; styled Kickapoo Tran- 
 icript and D* Soto Chronicle till Feb., 1890, then dropped sub-title; pub- 
 lished by Carr till May, 1892 ; by James Dinsdale a. short time ; sold by 
 Carr (1892) to A. McArthur, and edited by George D. McDowell, 1892 — 
 Sept., 1893 ; then sold to Frazier & Frazier, and styled (Jan., 1894) Crate- 
 ford Co. Advance, q. v. 
 
 Solon Springs 
 
 Stab-Enterprise (w). Dec, 1907— Sept., 1908. F«. 
 
 Consolidation of Solon Springs Star and Lake Nebagamon Enterprise, 
 q. v. 
 
 South Kaukauna 
 
 [See Kaukauna] 
 
 South Wayne 
 
 South Wayne Homestead (w). Feb. 1905-1909. 2 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Succeeded South Wayne News, Feb.. 1905. Conducted by S. Gordon 
 Morse till Sept., 1906; Ray E. Stuart, Sept. — Dec, 1906; Sydney C. 
 Helndel, Dec, 1906 — Oct., 1909 ; since then, L. B. and C. V. Howery. 
 Non-political. f 
 
 Soutbport 
 
 [The early name of Kenosha, q. v., till its Incorporation as a city, Mar., 
 1850.1 
 
 Southport American (w). June, 1843 — Sept., 1844; May, 1848 — Oct, 
 1849. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1841, by J. B. Jilson and N. P. Dowst; conducted by 
 them three months; Dowst alone, two weeks; Wallace Mygatt, Jan., 1842- 
 
 [439] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue. 
 
 Southport, Wis., continued: 
 
 June, 1843; Louis P. Harvey (for a time, with t Loring Guild), nearly 
 two years; Alvan B. Tobey arid J. A. Butts, Sept., 1845 — Nov., 1848 
 (Harvey remaining editor till Sept., 1846) ; Tobey alone, ten months; 
 Mygatt again, Sept., 1847 — Mar., 1848 ; then Henry O. Sholes till Its 
 suspension, Oct., 1849. Issued (June — Oct., 1849) daily, under title 
 Daily Ledger; edited by Myron S. Barnes. Whig. File for 1847-49- 
 bound with Telegraph, 1867-68. 
 
 Southport Telegraph (w). 1844-48, scat. no's. July, 1849 — Mar., 1850. 
 F«. 
 
 For a time issued tri-weekly which was suspended June, 1847. See 
 Kenosha Telegraph; also Wis. Democrat, Green Bay. 
 
 Sparta 
 
 Sparta Democrat (w). June— Nov., 1859. F». 
 
 Founded June, 1859, by George Babcock and E. H. Copeland ; apparently 
 suspended after next general election. 
 
 Sparta Democrat. 
 
 See Herald and Monroe Co. Democrat. 
 
 Monroe County Democrat (w). May, 1863-64. F?. 
 
 Founded May, 1863, by Henry R. Hayden ; published by him (after May, 
 1864, with his brother, Harrison) till suspension, 1865. File bound with 
 Sparta Herald, 1861-62. 
 
 Monroe Co. Democrat (w). 1879-80. F«. 1881-1905. 9 v. Ft. 1906 1 - 
 1907. F«. 1908+ 
 
 Removed hither from Tomah, q. v., and consolidated with Republican, 
 Jan., 1879 ; took name of latter till Aug., following ; then resumed name 
 of Democrat. Conducted by F. A. Brown till Sept., 1883 ; Guy Whitney 
 til) May, 18S4. In, Feb., 1884, absorbed Sparta Tribune (published May, 
 1882 — Feb., 1884, by T. F. Hollister, then purchased by B. W. Perry). 
 Democrat continued by Perry, May, 1884 — Oct., 1885 (styled Democrat- 
 Enterprise, during latter year) ; B. E. McCoy (under title of Sparta Demo- 
 crat, till June, 1895), till Sept., 18ft5 ; D. C. and S. B. Streeter till Oct., 
 1897 ; D. W. Cheney and C. S. McCoy till Oct., 1898, under lease from 
 Streeter Bros. ; then the Streeters till Aug., 1902. Litigation threw the 
 business into a receiver's hands for six months ; then D. C. Streeter re- 
 sumed control, with C. S. McCoy as editor. Conducted thus till Dec, 
 1903 ; then by G. R. Ellicott, till Sept., 1904 ; J. P. Rice, -with W. C. Haw- 
 kins as editor, till Oct., 1905. Then George Esch bought a half interest 
 and was editor and manager till Nov., 1907, when he sold to Will N. 
 Wells. Since then, owned by Rice and Wells ; edited by the latter. 
 Democratic. 
 
 Sparta Eagle (w). Jan. 3, 1862; Aug. 25, 1864; July, 1866-67; 1871, 
 scat. nos. F. 
 
 Founded June, 1861, by W. H. Farnham and L. B. Noyes, as successor 
 of Marquette Eagle, q. v. ^conducted by Farnham till Aug., 1867 (with D. 
 W. C. Wilson, 1866— Apr., 1867) ; George Redway, Aug., 1867-68; R. B. 
 Redway, 1868— May, 1869; D. B. Priest (with Malcolm Graham, June, 
 1869 — Feb., 1870; then with W. R. Finch, two months), till May, 1870; 
 
 [440] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 H. G. Rising & Co., six months; R. C. Bierce and Wilson, Nov., 1870 — 
 Feb., 1871 ; continued by Wilson and T. F. Hollister till suspension, May, 
 1872. Republican. File bound with Sparta Democrat, 1859. 
 
 Wisconsin Greenback (w). June, 1876 — Sept., 1879. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded June, 1876, by J. Lamborn, as organ of National Greenback 
 party, suspended Not., 1877; published at both Milwaukee and Sparta 
 during last tour months. Revived soon afterwards by J. and A. B. Lam- 
 born ; continued till May, 1879 ; issued one (final) number thereafter, 
 Sept. 18, 1879. 
 
 Sparta Hebald (w). July, 1861-62; Apr., 1869-1909. 14 v. F*. 1910 + 
 First regular paper In Monroe County ; established Aug., 1855, by Mil- 
 ton Montgomery and James D. Condi t, as Sparta Watchman; in June, 
 1856, purchased by Lucius M. Rose and styled Monroe Co. Freeman; con- 
 ducted by him two years ; sold to David McBride, early in 1858, and 
 styled Sparta Herald; conducted by him till 1867 ; then by W. J. Whip- 
 ple, under name Sparta Democrat (q. v.1 till 1869. Bought back at that 
 time by David McBride and his son Wilfred, and again styled Herald. 
 Since the former's death in 1884, conducted by Wilfred and E. S. Mc- 
 Bride ; latterly by Wilfred alone. Republican. 
 
 Sparta Independent (w). Nov., 1890 — June, 1894. 2 v. F«. 
 Published by H. E. Kelley ; merged in Herald, July, 1894. 
 
 Monroe County Republican (w). 1876-78. F?. 
 
 Founded May, 1872, by D. W. C. Wilson, as successor of Eagle; con- 
 ducted by him till Jan., 1879 ; then sold to Brown & Foster of Monroe 
 Co. Democrat (removed hither from Tomah, q. v.). Republican under 
 Wilson, then Democratic. 
 
 Spencer 
 
 Spencer Advance (w), Jan.-July, 1881. Fs. 
 
 Established by E. W. Stevens, Jan., 1881 ; suspended in July following. 
 Non-partisan. File bound with Tribune, 1882-83. 
 
 Spencer Tribune (w). Apr., 1882— Sept., 1883. F«. Oct., 1883— June, 
 1886. Ft. 
 
 Established Oct., 1881, by A. B. Barney ; sold by him to T. S. Norton, 
 Oct., 1882, who conducted it till May, 1885 ; thereafter, E. M. and G. E. 
 Vandercook till 1894. No later mention in directories. Republican till 
 1887 ; then Independent. 
 
 Spring Green 
 
 Weekly Home. News. 1895-1901. 2 v. Ft. 1902-1909. 4 v. F«. 
 1910+ 
 
 Founded Oct., 1881, by J. A. Smith, as Times, but soon styled Spring 
 Oreen flews. Conducted by him till 1882 ; P. W. Meehan, 1882 — Nov., 
 1888 ; since then, W. R. Purdy. Styled Weekly Home News since 1882. 
 
 Dollar Times (w). Mar., 1878— May, 1880. Fs. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1877, by J. F. Morrow ; published also at Baraboo, for a 
 time ; styled Inter-County Times, Mar. — Sept., 1878, and published also 
 at Lone Rock ; suspended May, 1880. Greenback. 
 
 [441] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Spring Prairie 
 
 [See Voree] 
 
 Spring Valley 
 
 Spring Valley Sun (w). 1905-1908. 2 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1892 by T. J. Rostad, and conducted by him till 1895 ; since 
 then, Charles Lowater. 
 
 Stanley 
 
 Republican (w). May, 1896-1908. 6 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded 1896 by Bridgman Bros, and conducted by them till 1901; 
 W. H. Bridgman, 1901 — Jan., 1908 ; since then, Bridgman and others as 
 Inter County Pub. Co. Republican. 
 
 Stanton 
 
 Stanton Weekly Times. 1859-60, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 See Plover Times. File bound with Wausau Central Wilcotutn, 
 1857-59. 
 
 Stevens Point 
 
 Stevens Point Democrat (w). Feb., 1880— July, 1885. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Established Feb., 1880, by H. W. Lee ; conducted by him till July, 1885 ; 
 apparently suspended about Aug. following. 
 
 Wisconsin Eagle (w). Nov., 1884— Nov., 1885. F«. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1884, by A. G. Ellis ; continued by him one year ; then 
 suspended. File bound with Democrat, 1884-85. 
 
 Gazette (w). July, 1878-81. F«. 1882— Sept., 1885. Ft. Sept., 1885- 
 
 1909. 12 v. F6. 1910+ 
 
 Established July, 3 878, by Ed. D. Glennon and William Krembs (H. W. 
 Lee, editor) ; conducted by them till Jan., 1880 ; Glennon and Clay C. 
 Cooper, till 1883 ; since then, Glennon alone. Styled Portage Co. Ga- 
 zette till 1885. Independent till 1880 ; then Republican ; since 1888, 
 Democratic. 
 
 Hungebfobd's Real Estate Journal (m). Feb., 1879 — Nov., 1881. V. 
 Dec, 1881— July, 1886. Ft. 
 
 Published by G. W. Hungerford ; devoted to land interests of Stevens 
 Point and vicinity. 
 
 Stevens Point Journal (w"). 1872-74. Fe. 1875-82. 3 v. Ft. 1883- 
 1908. 13 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 
 Successor (Jan., 1872) of Point, q. v.; conducted till 1873 by H. B. 
 Northrop (at first with L. D. Conery) ; since then, Edward McGlachlia 
 (in partnership with T. J. Simons, Feb., 1876-93). Daily begun Oct, 
 1895. Republican. 
 
 [442] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Wisconsin Lumberman (w). Dec, 1863-1866. 1867— July, 1868. F«. 
 Founded Dec, 1863, by F. H. Stout; continued by him (at first, with 
 L. D. Conery) till suspension in 1868. Republican. File for 1863-66 
 bound with Wis. State Rights, 1861. 
 
 Wisconsin Pinery (w). 1853 — Mar., 1859; July, 1884— Oct., 1886. 7 T. 
 Fo. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1853, by A. G. Ellis ; continued by him (with N. V. 
 Chandler, during tirst year till Nov., 1857 ; then purchased by Caleb 
 Swayze (Ellis editor till Aug., 1859; then Gilbert L. Park till Jan., 1861) 
 and continued by him till 1894. No later mention in directories. Demo- 
 cratic. 
 
 Point (\t). July— Dec, 1871. F«. 
 
 Established Mar., 1870, by E. B. Northrop and continued. by him till 
 Dec, 1871 ; succeeded by Journal, q. v. Republican. File bound with 
 Plover Times, 1873-Mar., 1875. 
 
 Wisconsin State Rights (w). Apr. — Dec, 1861. F«. 
 
 Removed hither from Monroe, q. v., and conducted by N. L. Stout; sus- 
 pended Mar., 1862. File bound with Wis. Lumberman, 1863-66. 
 
 Stoughton 
 
 Stoughton Courier (w). Dec, 1876— July, 1909. 17 v. Fo. 
 
 Successor of Signal (see Reporter) ; sold May, 1878, to C. E. Parish 
 and conducted by him till Nov., 1894 ; by J. M. Hibbard till July, 1909, 
 when he bought Stoughton Hub and merged the two papers under name 
 Courier-Hub. Republican. 
 
 Courier-Hub (w). July, 1909+ F. 
 
 Consolidation (July, 1909), of Stoughton Courier and Stoughton Bub, 
 q. v. 
 
 Stoughton Hub (w). 1883— July, 1909. 13 v. Fa. 
 
 Founded 1880 by T. G. Mandt, and continued by him four years ; C. J. 
 Rollis, 1884-89 ; C. R. Crosse till July, 1909, when merged in Courier- 
 Hub. Styled Hub till Mar., 1885. Independent. 
 
 Same (s-w). 1887. F<». 
 
 File bound with Hub, 1886-87. 
 
 Stoughton Independent (w). Sept. — Dec, 1857. F«. 
 
 Established Sept., 1857, by Henry J. Walker; suspended after three 
 months, and removed to Mazomanie ; of brief duration there. Non-parti- 
 san. File bound with Western Fireside, Madison, 1857. 
 
 Normannen (w). 1891-1894. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Successor of Oauken (humorous sheet, established 1884 by O. O. Me- 
 laas and John Oftelip), which was purchased by Allberg, Swan & Co. 
 early in 1890, changed to a political newspaper, and styled 'Normannen ; 
 published by them till Sept., 1894. Edited by D. M. Schoyen, 1890-93; 
 O. A. Bnslett, since Aug., 1894 ; purchased the following month by Bus- 
 lett and H. J. Allberg, and styled Wisconsin Normannen. Removed to 
 Madison and styled Aordmanden, q. v. Democratic, till Buslett became 
 editor ; now Republican ; also social and literary. 
 
 [443 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Stotjghton, Wis., continued: 
 
 Stoughton Repobter (w). Feb., 1863-69; Jan — Aug., 1874. 3 v. F». 
 Founded Feb., 1863, br L. \V. Powell and conducted by him (at first, 
 with I. A. Hoxie ; during last six months, with Frank Allen) till May, 
 1865 ; then by Allen (during first year, with C. D. Wells) till suspension, 
 Mar., 1871. Revived May, 1871, by Allen; in 1874, title changed to 
 Signal; sold to George W. Currier, and styled (1876) Courier, q. v. File 
 for 1874 bound with Western Fireside, Madison, 1857. 
 
 Wisconsin Signal (w). Jan. — June>, 1858. F«. 
 
 Published by W. A. Giles as successor of Independent ; continued only 
 five months. File bound with Western Fireside, 1857. 
 
 Skajstinaviak^ American. 
 
 See same title under Madison. 
 
 Sturgeon Bay 
 
 Advocate (w). Feb., 1897-1909. 6 v. F«. 1910+ 
 See Door County Advocate. 
 
 Door County Advocate (w). Mar., 1862-66. Fs. 1867-97. 12 v. F*. 
 First paper in Door County ; founded Mar., 1862, by Joseph Harris 
 (originator and chief promoter of Sturgeon Bay ship canal) and con- 
 ducted by him till Apr., 1875 (in partnership with Myron H. McCord dur- 
 ing first three months, and with H. Harris, 1866— Apr., 1875) ; Frank: 
 Long, after Apr., 1875. In May, 1870, published a history of the paper. 
 Styled Advocate, q. v., Feb., 1897. Republican. 
 
 Democrat (w). 1893 — Mar., 1895. F<s. 
 
 Successor of Republican; continued by J. E. Harris till Aug., 1894; C 
 M. Whiteside, five months ; Hugh E. O'Donnell, three months ; in Mar., 
 1895, merged in Door Co. Democrat. 
 
 Door County Democrat (w). Mar., 1895-1908. 7 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1893, by J. J. Pinney and G. W. Allen; in Mar., 1895, 
 absorbed Democrat. In 1898 Allen withdrew, but Pinney continued as 
 owner till his death, June 30, 1909. Managed by his estate till Mar., 
 1910 ; since then, Door County Pub. Co., with Herbert J. Sanderson as 
 editor and manager. Independent, till Mar., 1910; since then. Progres- 
 sive Republican. 
 
 Evergreen and Forest Tree Grower (m). Aug., 1871 — July, 1876. F. 
 Published by George Pinney & Co. ; devoted to arboriculture. Title 
 changed Feb., 1874, to Evergreen and Fruit Tree Grotcer; and June, 1875, 
 to Evergreen. 
 
 Expositor (w). Oct., 1873— May, 1876. F*. June, 1876— June, 1880. 
 F5. July, 1880— Apr., 1887. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1873, by George Pinney ; continued by him till May, 
 1877; Charles I. Martin, to Dec., 1884; W. B. Carr, Jan., 1885 — Mar., 
 1886; purchased then by an association of citizens (A W. Lawrence, A. 
 M. Washburn, and others), and styled Independent. In Feb. — Max., 1881, 
 published articles on history of Door County. Independent (except In 
 1876, Democratic). 
 
 [444] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Independent (w). May, 1887 — June, 1890. F«. 
 
 Successor of Expositor; in Mar., 1888, sold to Dudley Crandall, and 
 conducted by him till July, 1890 ; then purchased by Joseph Harris Jr., 
 and styled Republican. 
 
 Pilot (m). Vols. 1-2. Nov., 1892— Sept., 1894. F*. 
 
 Organ of Hope Congregational church ; edited by the pastor, A. A. 
 Andridge ; suspended Sept., 1894. 
 
 Sturgeon Bay Republican (w). July, 1890^92. F«. 
 
 Successor of Independent; conducted by Joseph Harris till July, 1891; 
 then sold to J. Edwards Harris ; in Jan., 1893, styled Democrat, q. v. 
 Republican, till July, 1891 : thereafter Democratic. 
 
 Sun Prairie 
 
 Countetman (w). Dec, 1877 i -82. 2 v. P«. 1883— Nov., 1892. 4 v. 
 Pf. 1893-1908. 8 v. F e. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Dec, 1877. by C. S. Crosse, and continued by him till Feb., 
 1889; Walter S. Hidden, Feb., 1889-96; Walter E. Demphy, 1896 — Aug., 
 1905 ; since then, Theron G. Stair. Republican. 
 
 Sun Prairie Countetman. 
 See Countryman. 
 
 Sun Prairie Ledgee (w). Jan. — Feb., 1869. Fe. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1868 ; published by Henry S. Ehrman. File bound with 
 Stoughtcn Reporter, 1867-69. 
 
 Sun Prairie News (w). Dec., 1903 — Oct., 1904. F«. 
 
 Founded Dec, 1903, by News Pub. Co., Geo. R. Bull, manager ; con- 
 ducted by him till suspension, Oct., 1904. 
 
 Superior 
 
 Abgus (s-m). Nov., 1895— June, 1896. F*. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1895, by Nelson Dewey Literary Society. Published 
 during the school year. 
 
 Superior Chronicle (w). June, 1856-58; 1859-61, scat. nos. 2 v. F». 
 
 First paper in Douglas County ; founded June, 1855, by Washington 
 Ashton and John C. Wise, of Maryland (at the instigation of Stephen A. 
 Douglas, who owned lands in Superior, and for whom the county was 
 named) ; conducted by them till Mar., 1858 ; Ashton alone (under title 
 of Gazette, after 1863), till his death, Nov., 1868; his widow, Ellen, till 
 July, 1869; then sold to R. C. Mitchell, and styled Superior Tribune; re- 
 moved to Duluth, Apr., 1870. Republican. 
 
 Duluth Tribune established daily edition here, Mar., 1888, styled Su- 
 perior Daily Tribune; edited by W. E. Downing. 
 
 Lake Superior Fabme^. Sept., 15, 1895. 
 No more published. 
 
 Humane Age (m). Oct., 1897 — June, 1898. 
 Devoted to temperance. 
 
 [445] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Superior, Wis., continued: 
 
 Inland Ocean (w). Apr., 1896 — Aug., 1903. 2 v. F«. 
 See Inter Ocean. 
 
 Superior Inter-Ocean (w).' July, 1883 — Aug., 1886. F6. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1882, by W. J. Whipple ; in Jan., 1884, purchased by a 
 stock company (Josiah Bond and others) ; continued by them till Nov. 
 following; L. Taylor and Whipple, one month; C. B. Foote, Dec, 1884 — 
 June, 1885 ; C. C. Knappen, one year ; M. C. French, June, 1886 — July, 
 1887 ; W. F. Street till 1891. Styled Inland Ocean, Nov., 1891 ; con- 
 ducted by A. H. Scott and C. A. Ward till Apr., 1900 ; W. E. Chandler 
 and O. E. Dunn, Apr., 1900-Oct, 1901 ; Chandler and W. H. Johnson, 
 Oct., 1901 — Mar., 1902; Dunn and Johnson, Mar. — Aug., 1902; Ralph C. 
 Colbum, Aug., 1902 — Aug., 1903. Daily published in 1888 ; succeeded by 
 Journal, q. v. under L. Superior Sentinel. Republican. 
 
 Labor World (w). 1903+ Fs. 
 
 See same title under Duluth, Minn. 
 
 Leader (d). Feb., 1891— Feb., 1901. 30 v. F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1890, by A. P. Swineford ; in 1891, purchased by Frank 
 A. Flower, and conducted by him till 1895 ; Middleton Manuf. Co., 1895- 
 1899 ; Superior Leader Co., 1900-1903 ; Herbert S. Fairall, editor. Then 
 merged with Clarion, as Clarion-Leader, q. v. Since then managed by J. 
 S. Konkel. Independent, till Nov., 1894. Republican till 1903; since 
 then, Democratic. 
 
 Leader-Clarion (w). 1904-1909. 3 v. F«. 1910+ 
 See Leader. 
 
 Sunday Mercury (w). May — June, 1892. Fs. 
 
 Founded by George H. Teague, May, 1892 ; A. P. Swineford, editor ; 
 successor of New Northwest, q. v. File bound with Superior Wave, 
 1891-92. 
 
 Lake Superior Miner and Telegram (w). 1898— Feb., 1899. F*. 
 
 Founded 1889 ; issued' from Evening Telegram office. Edited 1898-99 
 by M. C. French. Merged In Telegram, Feb., 1899. 
 
 New Northwest (w). Mar. — May, 1892. F=. 
 
 Established Mar., 1892, by A. P. Swineford and Larke; within 
 
 three months, merged in Sunday Mercury, q. v. File bound with Superior 
 Wave, 1891-92. 
 
 Posten (w). Norwegian. Oct., 1892 — June, 1893. F«. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1888 ; owned by Charles Lagro ; edited by Adolpb. Rydal 
 till 1890 ; O. M. Skinvik, till Aug., 1892 ; Peer O. StrSmme, till 1893 ; 
 Nathan Mortenson, in 1894. Styled Tidende, q. v., July, 1893. Pub- 
 lished also at Duluth till Dec, 1892. Democratic. 
 
 Lake Superior Sentinel (w). May, 1888 — Dec., 1889. F«. 
 
 Weekly edition of Daily Journal (successor of daily Inter-Ocean, q. v.) ; 
 established by Morris B. Kimball, May, 1888 ; both Journal and Sentinel 
 sold by him to G. L. Rice, Feb., 1889 : after two months, changed hands 
 several times ; conducted by A. F. McKay and George D. Moulton, July — 
 Dec, 1889 ; then suspended. 
 
 [446] 
 
Wisconsin 
 
 Superior Telegram (d). May, 1890-1910. 65 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Same (w). May, 1892— Apr.,, 1893. F*. 
 
 Oldest daily in Superior; founded Apr., 1890; published to date by- 
 Telegram Ptg. Co. (J. T. Murphy, pres.). Edited by Frank A. Flower, 
 Apr. — Aug., 1890 ; W. B. Hennessy, Aug., 1890 — Aug., 1892 ; W. F. 
 Street, during winter of 1892-93 ; Kirby Thomas, Apr., 1893-1902 ; since 
 then, Clough Gates and H. C. Stivers. Absorbed Daily Call, Feb., 1894 ; 
 and Daily News (Labor Union), Aug., 1894. Issued weekly during 1892 
 and part of 1893. Republican. 
 
 Saturday Evening Call (w) founded Aug., 1887, by M. C. French; 
 edited by Joseph B. Perkins ; sold Mar., 1890, to a stock company, and 
 issued daily ; edited by W. F. Boland. Democratic (after first six 
 months). 
 
 Superior Tidende (w). Norwegian. Nov., 1895-1907. 5 v. F«. 1908+ 
 Continuation of Fasten, q. v. Conducted by Hendrickson & Gronseith 
 till 1896; Simon Klovdahl, 1896-97; Henry P. Peterson, 1898-1904; 
 John L. Brickson, 1905-1907 ; since then, Tidende Pub. Co. 
 
 Superior Times (w). 1874-75. F«. 1876-79; 1881-99. 7 v. Ft, 
 
 Founded Sept., 1870, by Thomas Bardon ; conducted by him for a time ; 
 E. W. Anderson, till Feb., 1875 ; Charles S. Douglas (with D. S. Pryor, 
 during first six months), till Dec, 1876; Thomas and James Bardon, for 
 five years ; J. Lute Christie, Jan., 1882-1898 ; E. E. Brownell, 1898 — Feb., 
 1901; H. H. Brinsmade, Feb., 1901 — Apr., 1902; since then, C. L. Day. 
 Democratic till Sept., 1876 ; since then, Republican. 
 
 United Labor (s-m). Dec, 1894 — Apr., 1895. 
 
 Published "under direction of the united labor organizations of Su- 
 perior." 
 
 Superior Wave (w). June, 1886— May, 1902. 7 v. F». 
 
 Established June, 1886, by M. B. Kimball ; conducted by him till Feb., 
 1888 ; Frank B. Gregg till suspension, May, 1902. Issued tri-weekly, July, 
 1887 — Feb., 1888. Styled West Superior Wave till Mar., 1888. Repub- 
 lican. 
 
 Tafton 
 
 [Name of Bloomington during 1859-67] 
 Tafton Collegiate Seminary Offering (m). Vol. 1, No. 3, nevr seriea 
 July, 1862. 
 
 Edited by David Parsons, principal of seminary, and published by stu- 
 dents and their friends. 
 
 Thorp 
 
 Courier (w). June, 1891— Apr., 1905. 6 v. Fs. May, 1905-1908. 2 v. 
 F8. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1883, by William Wagner, and since conducted by him. 
 Democratic. 
 
 Three Lakes 
 
 Forest Advance (w). May— Dec, 1911. Fe. 
 
 [447] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 Tomahi 
 
 Toman Chief (w). May, 1859 — Jan,, 1860. F». 
 
 Established May, 1859, by Joseph K. Averill ; probably of short dura- 
 tion. Democratic. 
 
 Monroe County Democrat (w). 1878. Fs. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1878, by F. A. Brown and Arthur G. Foster; removed 
 after one year to Sparta, q. v. File bound with Monroe Co. Democrat, 
 Sparta. 
 
 Tomah Journal (w). 1867-72; 1874, scat. nos. Ft. 1875-80. 2 v. 
 F«. 1881-83. Fs. 1884-1908. 11 v. F<s. 1909+ 
 
 Founded July, 1867, by J. A. and C. D. Wells ; conducted by one or both 
 of them till Jan., 1884 ; Fred. Kibbe, six months ; S. L. Chase, July, 1884- 
 Jan., 1885; since then, L. B. Squier (with J. D. Button, 1885-86). At 
 first, Independent; then Republican. 
 
 Tomahawk 
 
 Tomahawk (w). Feb., 1895-99. 2 v. Ft. 1900-09. 5 v. , Fe. 1910+ 
 Established June, 1887 ; published by W. M. Shirk & Son till end of 
 1894 ; P. H. Swift, 1895 ; Tomahawk Pub. Co., 1896-Oct., 1903 ; since 
 then W. D. Lambert. Democratic. 
 
 Trempealeau 
 
 Gazette (w). 1903-1906 (incompi)* 1907-1908. Fs. Jan.-Aug., 1909. 
 Founded 1890 by Utter Bros. & Ford, and conducted by them till 1893 ; 
 Clarence S. TTtter, 1893-1901 (or 'later) ; Bohen & Co. June, 1903-1909; 
 since then, F. J. Pearson. Independent. 
 
 Trempealeau Herald (w). Feb., 1895-1909. 5 v. Fe. 1910+ 
 
 Fotinded Dec., v 1885, by Jacob Tenney, as organ of Labor party ; pub- 
 lished by E. N. and A. D. Goodhue till 1896 ; since then, Alletta Good- 
 hue. 
 
 Trempealeau County Record (w). Nov., 1867 — Aug., 1869. Ft. 
 
 Successor of Galesville Transcript, q. v. ; conducted by A. F. Booth (In 
 partnership with C. A. Leith, till Aug., 1869 ; with A. Atwood, a few 
 months — A. W. Newman, editor; then with T. D. Stone) till Jan., 1873; 
 then merged in Galesville Journal, q. v. Republican. 
 
 Trempealeau Representative (w). Aug., 1859—60. Fs. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1859 ; conducted by Francis W. Newland and S. D. Hast- 
 ings. 
 
 Trempealeau County Republican (w). 1876-78. Ft. 
 
 Established Mar., 1873, by Charles A. Letth ; united with Arcadia 
 Leader, Dec. 1877 ; removed thither, and styled Trempealeau Co. Repub- 
 lican and Arcadia Leader, q. v. For several years, Noah D. Comstock, 
 editor of Leader, remained corresponding editor of its successor. 
 
 [448 ] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Two Rivers 
 
 Chronicle (w). July, 1899-1900. Ft. 1901-1908. 4 v. Fo. 1909+ 
 See Manitowoc County Chronicle. 
 
 Manitowoc County Chronicle (w). Jan.— Apr., Dec, 1874; 1875— 
 June, 1899. 9 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1872, by an association of citizens; H. S. Pierpont, edi- 
 tor; in 1875 purchased by W. F. Nash, and conducted by him till 1902; 
 since then, W. F. Nash & Son. Styled Chronicle since 1897. At first. 
 Independent ; then Democratic. 
 
 Reporter (w). Dec, 1906-1909. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1905, by Fred W. Althen, and since conducted by him. 
 Independent. 
 
 Union Grove 
 
 Union Grove Enterprise (w). Feb., 1879-1908. 13 v. Fa. 1909+ 
 
 Established Oct., 1877, by A. P. Colby; since then conducted by him. 
 Republican since Oct., 1879. 
 
 Valley Junction 
 
 Valley Advocate (w). Mar., 1898 — Sept., 1900. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1898 by E. T. Hale and published by him till merged, Sept., 
 1900, with Warrens Index, q. v. 
 
 Wisconsin Valley Settler. Vol. 1. Nos. 1-9. 1905. F*. 
 
 Viola 
 
 Intelligencer (w). 1897-1908. 6 v. F«. 1909 + 
 
 "Founded Oct., 1890, by C'ifford M. Wells and conducted by him till 
 1892 ; since then, J. H. and Gertrude Frazier. Republican. 
 
 Viroqua 
 
 Vernon County Censor (w). Aug., 1865-99. 11 v. Ft. 1900-1909. 
 5 v. Fs. 1910+ 
 
 Successor of 'Northwestern Times, established by Daniel V. Priest, J. M. 
 Rusk, and William Nelson, Aug., 1865 ; three months later, Rusk left the 
 firm ; continued by Priest and Nelson till May, 1869 ; Nelson till Jan., 
 1874 ; Henry Casson Jr., Jan.. 1874 — Oct., 1885 ; since then, O. G. Mun- 
 son. Republican. 
 
 Viroqua Expositor (w). 1859; Jan.-May, 1861; Oct., 1861-Jan., 1862; 
 Aug., 1862— Apr., 1863. 2 v. Ft. (1859 with La Crosse Ind. 
 Rep., 1858-59.) 
 
 -Same (s-w). May— Oct., 1861. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1858, by O. C, Jesse, and Justus Smith ; conducted by 
 them till suspension, May, 1863. Edited by G. W. Wolfe, Nov., 1858 — 
 May, 1859, and 1861 till his death. Sept., 1862. In July, 1863, sold to 
 James Lowrie and transferred to N. W. Times. 
 
 29— N. C. [ 449 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Viboqua, Wis., continued: 
 
 Wisconsin Independent (w). July, 1872 — July, 1874; 1875. 2 v. EX 
 Founded by T. C. Ankeny, July, 1872 ; removed to Black Kiver Falls, q. 
 v., Dec, 1875. 
 
 Vernon County Leader (w). Aug., 1884 — July, 1889. F«. 
 
 Founded 1880 by D. W. C. Wilson, and conducted by him till 1888; 
 since tben, F. H. Graves. 
 
 Viroqua Republican (w). Aug., 1894-1908. 7 v. F«. 1909 -4- 
 
 Founded Aug., 1894, by M. L. Snodgrass and Fred E. Hart and con- 
 ducted by them till death of Snodgrass, July, 1895; Hart and E. H. 
 Briggs, July, 1895 — Apr., 1896 ; Briggs & Co., Apr., 1896 — Jan., 1903 ; W. 
 J. Robinson, Jan., 1903 — Feb., 1904 (with Glen P. Wood after July, 
 1903) ; Wood, Feb. — Oct., 1904 ; Republican Ptg. Co., Oct., 1904 — Dec., 
 1906 (edited by I. S. Griffin) ; Harry Bailey, Dec, 1906— Mar., 1910 ; Re- 
 publican Ptg. Co., Mar., 1910, till suspension, Mar., 1911. Republican; 
 gives special attention to religious, educational, and literary news. 
 
 Northwestern Times (w). 1860-65. 2 v. F'. (Aug. — Dec, 1863 with 
 Expositor, 1861-1863.) 
 
 See Western Times, note. 
 
 Western Times (w). June, 1856-59. F?. 
 
 E'irst paper in Vernon (formerly Bad Ax) County ; established June, 
 1856, by J. A. Somerby ; the first copy printed, of the first issue, was sold 
 at auction for $21 ; styled Northwestern Times after 1856 ; conducted by 
 Somerby nine years (in partnership with James Osgood, 1859 ; R. C. 
 Bierce, Dec, 1859 — Sept., 1861) ; suspended June, 1865, after office was 
 wrecked by tornado; succeeded by Vernon Co. Censor, q. v. In June, 
 1863, absorbed Expositor. Independent. 
 
 Voree 
 
 [The name given by the Mormons to their settlement in the town now 
 known as Spring Prairie, Walworth County.] 
 
 Gospel Hekald (m; w). Feb., Aug. — Oct., 1846; 1847, 9 nos.; Mar. — 
 Dec, 1849; Jan. 17-31, 1850. Q. 
 
 Styled Voree Herald during 1846, Zion's Reveille during 1847, and 
 Gospel Herald thereafter. Fublished and edited by James J. Strang, a 
 Mormon leader who assumed to be the head of the church instead of Brig- 
 ham Young, and who established (1847) a miniature monarchy on Beaver 
 Island, in Lake Michigan. On Strang's removal thither from Voree, the 
 Herald was continued under the title of Northern Islander (1850). 
 Strang was assassinated" in 1855, after which both colonies were soon 
 abandoned. See H. E. Legler's A Moses of the Mormons (Milw., 1897). 
 
 Warner 
 
 [Name of town changed to Ladysmith, q. v.] 
 Jo-uenal (w). May — June, 1900. F«. 
 
 [450] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Warrens 
 
 Warrens Index (w). 1899 — Nov., 1901. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded 1896 by W. J. Evans. Taken over by F. E. Barber, owner of 
 the plant and sold to .T. S. Dunn in 1899 ; In Nov., 1901, sold to Barber, 
 and by him transferred to Index Ptg. Co., who published it till suspen- 
 sion, 1910. Independent Republican. 
 
 Washburn 
 
 Washburn Bee (w). Mar., 1885 — Sept., 1887. F\ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1885, by Frank S. Dunbar and Allan T. Williams ; sus- 
 pended June, 1886. Revived, a tew weeks later, by A. M. Warden ; con- 
 tinued by him till Sept., 1887 ; apparently suspended at that time. 
 Washburn Times (w). Apr., 1895-1909. 8 v. F<>. 1910+ 
 
 Successor of Iron Eiver Times (founded Mar., 1892) ; removed hither 
 Apr., 1895 ; sold then by Byron Ripley to J. E. Jones ; published by him 
 till about 1903 ; since then, Times Pub. Co. Independent Republican. 
 
 Waterford 
 
 Waterford Post (w). Feb., 1879-1909. 10 v. F». 1910+ 
 
 Founded Nov., 1877, by C. M. Whitman ; conducted by him till Sept., 
 18S0 : Edward Malone till Jan., 1H07 ; since then, Malone & Miller. 
 
 Waterloo 
 
 Waterloo Democeat (w). June, 1905-1909. 2 v. Fo. 1910+ 
 
 Founded 18SS by Charles B. Mead and conducted by him till 1890 ; P. 
 H. Bolger and A. D. Merrell, 1890-1903 J since then, H. A. Whipple (part 
 of the time with E. P. Winkclman). Contains (1905) history of Water- 
 loo, by J. A. Sheridan. 
 
 Waterloo journal (w). Sept., 1871-74. Fo. 1875-78: Ft. 1879— Apr., 
 
 1908. 14 v. P«. 
 Founded Dec, 1870, by A. F. Booth : continued by him till 1872 ; Frank 
 
 Streeter, 1872- Mar., 1874; E. F. Conklin, till Oct., 1878; S. J. Conklln, 
 
 six months ;. Currie G. Bell, May, 1879 — Sept., 1882; Dutcher Bros. (D. 
 
 O. Bennett, editor), two years; H. M. Knowlton, Aug., 1884 — Apr., 1908, 
 
 when bought by Democrat, q. v. Republican. 
 Parish News (m). Vol. 1. Nov., Dec.,, 1894. Q. 
 
 Watertown 
 
 Black and Red (m). Vols. 1-8. 1897-1905. 8 v. in 6. Vol. 10, 
 1906, 2 nos. Vol. 13. 1909 (incomp). 1910+ Q. 
 Published by students of Northwestern University. 
 
 Watertown Chronicle (w). June, 1847 — Oct., 1854. 4 v. F«. 
 
 Founded by J. A. Iladley, June, 1847 ; first paper in Jefferson County ; 
 conducted by Hadley till Sept., 1853 ; Theron Minor and E. W. Skinner, 
 two years ; M. Cullaton and I.. M. Rose, Aug., 1855-56 ; after several 
 rapid changes in ownership, suspended early in 1857. Revived in suc- 
 ceeding autumn by Hadley and E. B. Quiner, as a campaign sheet; sus- 
 pended after election. Daily published during Sept., 1855. Whig. 
 
 [451] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Watertown, Wis., continued: 
 
 Watertown Democrat (w). Oct., 1854— Feb., 1883. 9 v. F*. 
 
 Founded by D. W. Baliou, Oct., 1854, and conducted by him till his 
 death, July, 1876 ; then by Thomas C. Jones (with James McHugh, till 
 Mar., 1877), till his death, May, 1881; Mawson & Farran, one year; Mc- 
 Hugh, a few months ; then suspended. Revived in Oct. following, by A. 
 B. Barney ; suspended in Mar., 1883, and merged in Gazette, q. v. Issues 
 of June 28 and July 12, 1860, contain historical sketch of Watertown 
 newspapers. 
 
 Gazette (w). July, 1879— Jan., 1880; May, 1881-88. 4 v. F?. 1889- 
 
 1908. 10 v. F6. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1879, by George P. Mathes ; conducted by him till Nov., 
 1880 ; since then, James W. Moore (during first two months, with John 
 Moran). Absorbed Democrat, Apr., 1883. Democratic. 
 
 Watertown Leadeb (w). Apr., 1906-1909. 2 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 See Watertown Republican. 
 
 Bock River Pilot (w). Oct., 1847— Oct., 1848. F«. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1847, by George Hyer (aided by Nelson Whitney) ; In 
 following year became property of William T. Butler; conducted by him 
 till suspension (probably early in 1849). Succeeded by Rock River Jef- 
 fersonian, Aug., 1849, edited by Butler ; sold to E. B. Quiner, Feb., 1850, 
 and styled Bern. State Register. Democratic. 
 
 Democratic State Register (w). Mar., 1850 — Nov., 1854. 2 v. F'. 
 
 Established Mar., 1850, by E. B. Quiner, as successor of Rock River 
 Jeflersonian (founded Oct., 1847 ; see Rock River Pilot) ; suspended Oct. 
 1854. Styled Watertown Weekly Register after Aug., 1853. Demo- 
 cratic : in last year, Independent. 
 
 Also issued Home Circle (s-m) : literary, agricultural, and temperance; 
 organ of Sons of Temperance; suspended in 1854. 
 
 Watertown Republican (w). 1867-73. 2 v. F'. 1874^-1900. 13 ▼. 
 Fs. 1901-1902. Ft. 1903— Apr., 1906. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded June, 1860, by J. W. Lawton and continued by him till Mar., 
 1862 ; D. T. Lindley and Justus T. Moak (associate editor since Aug., 
 1860), Mar., 1862-63; Lindley and J. E. Atwater, till Apr., 1864; Rob- 
 ert Tompkins and G. W. Howland, till Aug., 1865 ; Charles R. Gill (for a 
 time, with W. I. Martin), three years; Julius H. Keyes, Aug., 1868-81 
 (with E. D. Coe, during first four years) ; William L. Norrls, 1881 till 
 his death, Apr., 1894; his widow, A. O., and son, G. W. till June, 1905; 
 since then, P. W. Swift. Since Apr., 1906, styled Watertown Leader, q. v. 
 
 Weltbuegeb ttnd Anzeigee (w). June 26, 1858; Sept. 1901— June, 
 
 1909. 5 v. Fs. 1910+ 
 
 Weltoilrger founded Oct , 1857, by Emil Rothe ; absorbed Aneeiger, Feb., 
 1858; suspended Oct., 1858. Revived Jan., 1859, by Rothe and D. Blum- 
 enfeld, as Watertown Weltoilrger; edited by Rothe till 1862; by Blumen- 
 feld till his death, Sept., 1905; Miller & Schroeder till June, 1906; since 
 then, Otto R. Krueger and Gustav Schwendke. Democratic. Also pub- 
 lished, during 1864, Westliche Monatschrift (m) ; literary. 
 
 Anzeiger established Sept., 1853, by D. Blumenfeld and John Kopp ; 
 edited by Emil Rothe till Aug., 1857 ; by Carl Sehurz, two weeks (then 
 
 [452] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 discharged as "too Republican" ) : then by Jos. Engelmann : consolidated 
 with Weltburger, Feb., 1858. 
 
 Waukesha 
 
 [See also Prairieville.] 
 Waukesha Chbonotyfe (w). July, 1852 — July, 1854. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Continuation of Democrat, q. v. ; conducted by H. D. Barron (with Ed- 
 ward H. Baxter, during first four months) till July, 1854 ; then sold to 
 Alexander P. Pratt and styled Plaw^Dealer, q. v. 
 
 Waukesha Democrat (w). July, 1848 — June, 1852. 4 v. Fs. 
 
 First local paper in Waukesha County ; founded July, 1848, by George 
 Hyer; sold by him to Henry D. Barron, Aug., 1851; styled Chronotype, 
 q. v., Jan., 1853. 
 
 Waukesha County Democrat (w). Mar., 1854-64. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Successor (Mar., 1854) of Indep. Press; conducted by Casey (with 
 John Fallon, during first six weeks; then with Patrick H. Carney), two 
 years ; Carney May, 1856, till early in 1865 ; J. B. Hunt, a short time ; 
 merged in Plaint-Dealer, July, 1865. File for. 1864 bound with Plain- 
 Dealer, 1865-66. 
 
 Independent Press founded July, 1853, by C. C. White, E. H. Baxter, 
 and Sidney A. Bean ; sold to Dominick Casey, Feb., 1854 ; succeeded by 
 Waukesha Co. Democrat in following month. Whig. 
 
 Waukesha County Democrat (w). 1872-74. Fs. 1875— 'Mar., 1894. 
 
 7 v. F7. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1872, by E. L. Spence and J. A. Gaynor ; conducted by 
 them till Aug., 1873 ; Spence alone, till June, 1877 ; P. H. Carney, till 
 Apr., 1879; F. A. Eastman, till Jan., 1881; W. D. Bacon and Ed. F. 
 Gleason, six weeks ; by Carney, Feb., 1881, till his death in 1900 ; con- 
 tinued by his heirs a short time, then suspended. Absorbed second Plain- 
 Dealer, Sept., 1876. 
 
 Waukesha Dispatch (w; s-w). 1894-1901. 4 v. Fs. 1902 — Sept., 
 1904. 2 v. F7. Oct., 1904-1908. 2 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Feb., 1891, by T. E. Ryan, George Winans, and others. Con- 
 ducted by them till Feb., 1891 ; E. E. Ryan and C. G. Deissner, 1892-94 ; 
 sold to A. F. Warden, Jan., 1895. Edited by M. T. Stokes, 1891; Mrs. L. 
 A. Lucy and E. P. Bannon, 1892 ; Cal. P. Smith, 1893 ; W. C. Donovan, 
 1894; A. F. Warden, 1895 — May, 1904. Then bought by Dispatch Pub. 
 Co., and since edited by G. W. Norris. Democratic. 
 
 American Freeman (w). May, 1847 — May, 1848. F?. 
 
 Successor of Milwaukee Democrat, q. v. ; removed hither Sept., 1844 ; 
 owned by stock company of Liberty leaders, and edited by C. C. Sholes till 
 Dec, 1846 ; then by lehabod Codding. About Oct., 1846, most of stock 
 became property of C. C. Olin, who conducted paper till May, 1848 (in 
 partnership with T. D. Plumb, Oct. — Nov., 1846; with Codding, two 
 months; with Sherman M. Booth, after Jan., 1847) ; purchased by Booth, 
 May, 1848, and removed to Milwaukee (q. v., under title Wis. Free 
 Democrat). Advocated abolition of slavery. 
 
 [453] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Waukesha, Wis., continued: 
 
 Waukesha Feeeman (w). Apr.-Dec, 1859; 1860-61, scat nos. Extra, 
 Sept. j 24, 1864; Feb. 1870-June, 1879. 3 v. , Ft. July, 187£- 
 1908. 14 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 
 Established Mar., 1859, by M. Cullaton, as successor of Watertown 
 Transcript;, conducted by him six months; L. B. Wright, Sept., 1859 — 
 Nov., 1867 ; Wright and T. B. Reid, one year ; Eeid and Nicholas Smith, 
 Not., 1868 — Aug., 1869 ; Smith alone, Aug., 1869— May, 1870 ; Smith and 
 T. W. Haight, one month ; Haight alone, June, 1870 — Jan.,' 1872 ; Haight 
 and H. M. Toumans, Feb., 1872 — Sept., 1874 ; since then conducted by 
 Youmans (in partnership with F. A. Randall, Apr., ' 1884 — Aug., 1887 ; 
 also assisted editorially by Haight, 1874-81). Absorbed World (founded 
 Apr., 1887) and Journal, 1890. Issued daily during summer of 1881-83. 
 1885, 1887-88. In issues of May, 1870 — Jan., 1872, are articles by 
 Haight on local history and geology ; see historical sketch in issue of Aug. 
 15, 1878. Republican. File for 1859 bound with Republican, 1857-58. 
 
 Watertown Transcript founded Jan., 1859, by M. Cullaton ; suspended 
 after eleven issues. Removed hither by Cullaton in Mar. following, and 
 styled Freeman. Republican. 
 
 Waukesha Plain-Dealee (w). July, 1854 — Jan., 1857. F«. 
 
 Founded July, 1854, as successor of Ghronotype, q. v., by A. F. Pratt; 
 continued by him (with J. M. Doty, till Mar., 1856) till Jan., 1857; then 
 merged in Republican. "Early Recollections of Waukesha," published in 
 issue for Mar.^ 28, 1855. Republican. 
 
 Waukesha Plain-Dealer (w). July, 1865— Sept., 1876. 5 v. FT. 
 
 Successor (July, 1865) of first Waukesha Co. Democrat; conducted 
 by Pratt till his death, Dec, 1874 ; then by Clarence N. Jones ; merged 
 in Waukesha Co. Democrat, Sept., 1876. 
 
 Waukesha Press (w). 1903— May, 1906. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Founded 1898 by G. T. Ramsey, and conducted by him till July, 1903; 
 George and Edward Weiss, July, 1903 — July, 1905 ; Evan L. Thomas, 
 July, 1905 — May, 1906 : then merged in Freeman, q. v. 
 
 Waukesha Republican (w). 1857-58. Ft. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1856, as a Republican campaign sheet; edited by W. D. 
 Bacon, C. C. Olin and others. Revived after election, by J. A. Leonard; 
 absorbed first Plain-Dealer, Jan., 1857 ; conducted by Leonard (with Ad- 
 dison Emerson, Jan. — Mar., 1857 ; with A. A. Griffith, six months ; with 
 H. J. Curtice, after Oct., 1S57) till Mar., 1858; Curtice, till its suspen- 
 sion, Jan., 1859. 
 
 Unionist. Mar. 27, 1846. 
 
 Bound with American Freeman, 1846-48. 
 
 Waunakee 
 
 Waunakee Index (w). Dec., 1907+ Fa. 
 
 Founded 1907. Conducted by J. M. Williams & Son since 1910. 
 
 Waunakee News (w). Mar., 1896-1899. 2 v. Jan.— Aug., 1900. F«. 
 
 Continuation (Mar., 1896) of Albany Journal, q. v. Conducted by C. 
 
 R. Marks till Sept., 1898, part of the time with W. J. Laughlin as man- 
 
 [454] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 ager. Then sold to N. M. Nelson, publisher of Windsor Herald, and con- 
 ducted by him till Feb., 1900 ; then C. R. Marks till 1901. No later men- 
 tion in directories. 
 
 Waupaca 
 
 Camp Cleghoen Assembly Herald (quar., irreg.). Sept., 189S— Mar.„ 
 1907. O. 
 
 Published in interests of temperance education. Edited by H. A. Lar- 
 son. 
 
 Waupaca Post (w). 1878. F?. 1879— July, 1880. Fe. July, 1880- 
 
 Oct., 1883. 2 v. Oct., 18S3-89. 3 v. Fo. 1890— Jan., 1894. 2 v. 
 
 Ft. 1894—1908. 8 v. Fe. 
 
 Established Jan., 1878, by John A. Ogden ; conducted by him and H. K. 
 Pitcher, till Feb., 1880; E. E. Gordon, eight years (with William O. Stet- 
 son, June, 1881-82 ; with Ogden, and with W. H. Gilmore, for short 
 periods; after 3 883, with J. M. Ware) ; Jeff, and George R. Woodnorth, 
 1888-90 ; Sturtevant, Ogden & Ware, till Feb., 1908. Then incorporated 
 as Post Ptg. Co. Consolidated, Dec. 11, 1908, with Waupaca Republican 
 under name Republican-Post, q. v. Republican ; now Independent Re- 
 publican. 
 
 Waupaca Record (w). Dec, 1894-1908. 7 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1894, by D. L. Stinchfield and Jeff. Woodnorth ; con- 
 ducted by them till following June; then Woodnorth alone (except since 
 Sept., 1895, with W. E. Carpenter) till 1897; Carpenter, 1898-1904; 
 since 1905, Mrs. A. R. Carpenter. Independent. 
 
 Waupaca County Register (w). May-Sept., 1858 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Founded May, 1858, by A. J. Lawson, as successor of N. London Times, 
 q. v. ; continued by him till July, 1860, then removed to Wautoma. Re- 
 publican (but non-partisan after Feb., 1860). File bound with Wau- 
 toma, Waushara, and Waupaca Papers, 1856-59. 
 
 Waupaca County Republican (w). Aug., 1874—80. 2 v, F«. 1881 — 
 Apr., 1887. 2 v. Ft. Apr., 1887-1908. 12 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded 1867, by C. S. Ogden ; sold by him 1872, to Charles M. 
 Bright; conducted by the latter till Oct., 1879; A. T. Glaze, till Aug., 
 1881 ; C. N. Hodges, till his death, Nov., 1882 ; W. H. Holmes, Jan., 1883 
 — Jan., 1908. Then bought by D. F. Burnham and conducted by him till 
 its consolidation, Dec, 1908, with Post, as Republican-Post, q. v. Styled 
 Waupaca Republican, Sept., 1891. Absorbed Spirit, 1869 or 1870, and 
 ' Weyauwega Times, 1876. Pile for 1874 bound with N. London Times, 
 1870-77. 
 
 Republican-Post (w). Dec, 1908+ Fe. 
 
 Consolidation (Dec. 11, 1908) of Waupaca Republican and Waupaca 
 Post, q. v., by D. F. Burnham, owner of former, and J. H. Christensen 
 and S. C. Simonson, both connected for many years with latter. Pro- 
 gressive Republican. 
 
 Waupaca Spirit (w). Oct. 2, 1855; Sept. 9, 1857. 
 
 First paper in Waupaca; founded Nov.. 1853, by C. E. and J. B. Red- 
 field ; sold by them to J. H. and J. S. Jones, Mar., 1856 ; suspended be- 
 fore end of year. Apparently revived, early in 1857, by Luke C. and C. 
 
 [455] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Waupaca, Wis., continued: 
 
 E. Redfield ; styled Excelsior, in June, 1858, and suspended In Dec. fol- 
 lowing. Again revived, under title of Spirit, probably in 1860 ; published 
 by the Redfields till 1866 ; then sold to Leslie J. Perry and styled Cri- 
 terion ; continued by him till at least 1869 ; merged in Republican, 1869 
 or 1870. Non-partisan till 1855 ; then Republican ; Democratic in 1858 ; 
 Independent in 1860. 
 
 Waupun 
 
 Prison City Item (w). Aug., 1860 — July, 1861. Fe. 
 
 Founded (ml July, 1858, by William Euen and Cory; after Apr., 
 
 1860, issued weekly ; conducted by them (associate editor, Sophia E. 
 Bloomer, after Feb., 1861) till suspension, Sept., 1861 ; after May, 1861, 
 styled Waupun Weekly Item. Supported Farm Mortgagors' League. 
 File bound with Waupun Times, 1874-76. 
 
 Waupun Leader (w). July, 1867-82. 5 v. Ft. 1883-1909. 13 v. F«. 
 1910+ 
 
 Successor of Green Lake Spectator, Dartford ; removed hither Aug., 
 1866, and styled Prison City Leader (since 1870, Waupun Leader), by 
 J. W. Oliver and Martin C. Short ; interest of latter sold to R. H. Oliver, 
 Oct., 1871 ; conducted by Oliver Bros, till July, 1909 ; since then, W. A. 
 Sanborn. Republican. 
 
 Green Lake Spectator founded by Dri Carruth, Oct., 1864 ; published in 
 1865 by J. M. Phinney & Co. ; purchased in Aug. of next year by Short 
 and Oliver, and removed to Waupun. 
 
 Prison Light (bi-m). Apr. 16, May 7, 1892. 
 
 Waupun Times (w). May 25, 1859; June — Aug., 1859; 1874 — July, 
 1876; 1877-94. 6 v. Ft. 1895— Feb., 1903. 4 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1857, by J. H. Brinkerhoff; conducted by him eight 
 years ; D A. Wagner, one year ; Eli Hooker, 1866 — Sept., 1867 ; J. R. 
 Decker, one year ; Philip M. Pryor, Sept., 1868 — July, 1880 ; Eli and Cul- 
 ver E. Hooker, July, 1880 — Apr., 1894 ; Cassius L. Coward (with Monas 
 Boland, during first five months) till 1897; Adelaide King & Co., 1898- 
 1902 ; John R. Putnam, till suspension in 1903. Issued semi-weekly in 
 summer of 1861. Independent till 1861 ; since then, Republican. 
 
 Ware Burger (w). Dutch. Sept. 13— -Oct. 4, 1859. Fs. 
 
 Founded at Holland. Sheboygan County, Jan., 1859, by C. G. Van 
 Altena ; removed hither in Sept. following, by Van Altena ; edited b; ; 
 H. Salverda ; continued by them till suspension, late in 1860. Demo- 
 cratic. File bound with Waupun Times, 1874-76. 
 
 Wausau 
 
 Central Wisconsin (w). Apr., 1857-59.' Ft. 1860 — July, 1862; Oct 
 21, 1868; Mar., 1870— Apr., 1878. 4 v. Fs. May, 1878-79. F«. 
 1880-83. 2 v. Ft. 1884-92. 5 v. Fe. 1893-94. Ft. 1895-1908. 
 7 v. Fe. 1909— Feb., 1910. 
 
 Oldest paper in Marathon County ; established Apr., 1857, by Jerome 
 W. Chubback and John Foster ; latter ceased to be a partner, in follow- 
 
 ,[ 456 ] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 ing Dec, but remained editor till Aug., 1858; conducted by Chubbuck 
 (with Alden Sanborn, Not., 1858— Sept., 1859 ; with Abner P. Lockerby, 
 after June, 1860), till Jan., 1861. Then was purchased by Francis A. 
 Hoffman and Charles Hoeflinger ; conducted by them six months; then 
 by Hoffman, till suspension, 1867. In Sept., 1861, Hoffman established 
 Freie Presse (German), in connection with Central Wisconsin; Republi- 
 can. Assistant editors : S. Anna Gordon, Aug., 1861-62 ; J. C. Hoffmann, 
 1862. At first Independent ; under Lockerby, Douglas Democratic ; under 
 Hoffman, Republican. 
 
 Revived Oct., 1868, by Robert H. Johnson, and conducted by him till 
 Feb., 1910 (with C. W. Johnson, till Sept., 1870). Then bought by stock 
 company and styled Wausau Sun, q. v. Now Democratic. 
 
 Deutsche-Amerikanische Farmer (m). 1891 — July, 1893. Ft. 
 File bound with Deutsche Pionier, 1891-93. 
 
 High School Reporteb (w). Vol. 1. 1899-1900. F*. 
 
 Deutsche Pionieb (w). Oct., 1884— Oct., 1887; Apr., 1889-90. 2 v. F«. 
 1891— July, 1893. Fs. Aug., 1893-1910. 10 v. Fa. 1911+ 
 Founded Apr., 1882 ; published for seven months by Pionier Pub. Co., 
 
 edited by Kostowsky ; conducted by A. W. Toung, Aug., 1882-1897 ; 
 
 Gustav Stolze & Son, 1897-1900 ; since then, Paul F. Stolze. At present 
 edited by Robert Fraenkel. Issued semi-weekly since 1902. Republican. 
 
 Wausau Daily Pilot. July — Nov., 1896. F«. 
 
 Founded July, 1896, by E. B. Thayer, and conducted by him till sus- 
 pension in Nov. Democratic. 
 
 Wausau Pilot (w). July, 1896-1908. 6 v. Ft. 1909+ 
 
 Wisconsin River Pilot (w). July, 1867-70. F«. 1871-84 5 v. Ft. 
 Established by Valentine Ringle, Dec, 1865 ; conducted by him till 
 Aug., 1884 ; then united with Review, and continued as Pilot and Re- 
 view, q. V. 
 
 Pilot and Review (w). Aug., 1884 — July, 1896. 6 v. Ft. 
 
 Same (d). Sept.— Not., 1884. Ft. 
 
 Successor (Aug., 1884) of Wis. River Pilot and Review, q. v.; con- 
 ducted since then by E. B. Thayer. Styled Pilot-Review till July, 1896; 
 since then Wausau Pilot, q. v. Democratic. 
 
 Wausau Daily Record. May, 1896-1902. 15 v. Fa. 1903-1907. 10 v. 
 Ft. 
 Daily edition of Record; established May, 1895. 
 
 Wausau Weekly Record. May, 1895-1904. 5 v. Fs. 1905-1906. Ft. 
 Continuation (May, 1895) of Torch of Liberty, q v. ; conducted by E. 
 
 T. Wheelock, till 1903 (with Rose, 1897-1901) ; Dunn, SemmeB & 
 
 Dodge. 1903-1905 ; Martin & Dodge, 1905-1907. Consolidated Dec, 1907, 
 with Wausau Herald, under name Record-Herald, q. v. Republican. 
 
 Marathon County Record (w). Jan. — Mar., 1862. F». 
 
 Established Jan., 1802, "under patronage of county," by Eli R. Chase; 
 conducted by him six months; Clarence Jenkins, after July, 1862; con- 
 tinued till at least Feb., 1863. File bound with Central Wisconsin, 
 1860-62. 
 
 [457] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 WAtrsAtr, "Wis., continued: 
 
 Record-Herald (d). Dec, 1907-1910. 9 v. F«. 1911+ 
 
 Consolidation (Dec, 1907) of daily and weekly editions of Wausau 
 Record and Wausau Herald. Incorporated ; edited by J. L. Sturtevant 
 Republican. 
 
 Wausau Review (w). Mar., 1883 — Aug., 1884. Ft. 
 
 Pounded 1882, by E. B. Thayer; united (Aug., 1884) with Wis. River 
 Pilot, and continued as Pilot and Review, q. v. 
 
 Wausau Sun (w). Feb., 1910+ F». 
 See Central Wisconsin. 
 
 Toeoh of Liberty (w). Mar., 1878-83. 2 v. Fs. 1884— Apr., 1895. 
 4 v. Ft. 
 
 Founded Aug., 1877, by Mark H. Barnum ; conducted by him till Sept., 
 1894; then sold to Edgar T. Wheelock; title changed to Record, May, 
 1895. Advocated Greenback platform ; later, interests of working classes. 
 
 Wausau Wochenblatt (w). 1876—79. Ft. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1871, by Valentine Ringle, and conducted by him till 
 1887; G. Lohmar, 1887; Wochenblatt Pub. Co., 1888-90 (Gustav Tyler, 
 editor) ; since 1890, H. J. Heise. 
 
 Wautoma 
 
 Waushara Argtjs (w). July, 18S9-1891. 11 v. Fs. 1892-1902. 4 ▼. 
 Ft. 1903-1908. 3 v. Fe. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Mar., 1859, by D. H. Pulcifer & Co., at Pine River; two 
 months later, removed to Wautoma; in following Sept.,. purchased by J. 
 W. Rist and W. C. Webb ; continued by them till June, 1860 ; Webb and 
 • Charles H. Stowers, six months ; Stowers (with John Hall, till Apr., 1862 ; 
 thereafter, with A. P. Lockerby , Jan., 1861 — Apr., 1865 ; W. S. Monroe 
 (part of this time, with R. L. D. Potter), Apr., 1865 — Dec., 1867; Potter, 
 till Aug., 1872 ; Monroe again till Aug., 1880 ; J. T. Ellarson (with S. A. 
 Jewell, after first year; with W. Berray, since 1887) till Mar., 1905; since 
 then, Berray & Holt. Absorbed Wautoma Journal, May, 1860. Styled 
 Waushara Co. Argus till 1864. Republican. File for 1859 is bound with 
 Wautoma, Waushara, and Waupaca Papers, 1856—59. 
 
 Wautoma Joubnal (w). Sept., 1856 — Mar., 1860 (incomp.). F«. May 
 1, 1860. 
 
 Founded by C. J. Allen & Co. (probably George Burnside), Aug., 1856; 
 continued by them till May, 1858; W. H. Mitchell, till Mar., 1859; then 
 suspended. Revived by Mitchell about June ; continued by him till May, 
 1860; then merged in Argus. Democratic. File bound with Wautoma, 
 Waushara and Waupaca Papers, 1856-59. 
 
 Welcome 
 
 Welcome Independent (w). Aug., 1905-1909. 2 v. F«. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Aug., 1905, by C. W. Andrews and conducted by him till Mar., 
 1906 ; B. A. Roate, Mar., 1906-1909 ; since then, H. E. Roate. 
 
 [458] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 West Bend 
 
 Washington County Democbat (w). June — Dec, 1859 (Incomp.); 1860. 
 F«. 
 
 Washington Co. Organ, established Jan., 1855, by E. O. Wentworth; at 
 end of one year, sold to Josiah T. Farrar and L. D. Fonda, and styled 
 Washington Co. Democrat; conducted by Farrar five years; then suc- 
 ceeded by Post, q. v. Under Wentworth, non-partisan; afterward, Demo- 
 cratic. File bound with Post, 1861-63. 
 
 West Bend Democrat (w). Feb., 1877-79. Ft. 1880-81. F« 1888- 
 95. 5 v. F». 1896-1902. 3 v. Fa. 
 
 Successor (1875) of Post; conducted by William M. Walters (with 
 Arthur Franckenberg, till Nov., 1879 ; then with John Murtha, four 
 months), Sept., 1875 — Not., 1880; Michael Bohan, till June, 1884; B. A. 
 Eunge, till Mar., 1886; Franckenberg (Walter Wittmann, editor till Jan., 
 1892), till 1903. Since then published by Washington County Pub. Co., 
 edited by Joseph F. Huber; and styled West Bend News, q. v. Demo- 
 cratic, till 190;'. ; since then Republican. 
 
 West Bend News (w). 1903-1908. 3 v. F». 1909+ 
 See West Bend Democrat. 
 
 Washington County Pilot (w). Apr., 1892-94. F^. 1895-Feb., 1907. 
 7 v. Fa. 
 
 Established Feb., 1892, by C. E. Robinson ; conducted by him (with 
 Walter Wittmann, during first five* months) till May, 1893 ; D. T. Keeley 
 till May, 1904 ; since then, H. B. Kaempfer. Since Feb., 1907, styled 
 West Bend Pilot, q. v. Democratic. 
 
 West Bend Pilot (w). Feb., 1907+ F«. 
 See Washington County Pilot. 
 
 West Bend Post (w). 1861— June, 1867. 2 v. Fo. 
 
 Successor (Jan., 1861) of Washington Co. Democrat; conducted by 
 Charles D. Waldo till following Nov. (during first two months, with Ed- 
 ward P. Kellogg; then with Jacob E. Mann) ; Mann, Nov., 1861 — Sept., 
 1862 ; John E. Mann and Erastus W. Root, six months ; Waldo again, Feb., 
 1863-65 (with Jacob Mann, for a time) ; by the two Manns for several 
 years ; owned by Max Hirsch, 1868-75, and, part of that time, conducted 
 by him ; sold to Franckenberg, Sept. 1S75, and styled Democrat. Demo- 
 cratic. 
 
 West Bend Republican (w). Mar., 1873-76. 2 v. Fe. 
 
 Founded Sept., 1872 ; issued by West Bend Pub. Assn. ; edited by S. S. 
 Barney till end of 1873 ; G. F. Hunt, six months ; then William George, 
 who in July, 1876, removed it to Hartford, q. f. 
 
 West Bend Times (w). 1881— Oct., 1887. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Established June, 1880, by B. S. Potter and Clarence L. Powers ; con- 
 ducted by them one year ; Powers alone, till Oct., 1887 : then merged In 
 Democrat, q. v. 
 
 [459] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Wisconsin, continued: 
 
 West Eau Claire 
 
 [See also Eau Claire] 
 West Eau Claire Argus (w). Dec, 1865-68. Ft. 
 
 Founded Nov., 1865, by E. H. Copeland ; succeeded in 1869, by Sews. 
 
 Eau Claire News (w). 1876-July, 1878. July, 1883-92. 3 v. F*. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1869, as successor of Argus, by F. J. Mills ; conducted by 
 him (with fee. C. Van Hovenburg, one year; with W. F. Bailey, three 
 months, till Dec, 1870; George O. Mills (with E. H. Copeland, 1871-75; 
 then with Sylvester S. Kepler), till his death, May, 1881 (except during 
 1873, by James H. Culbertson). Continued by Kepler about five years 
 (after 1883, with W. S. Cobban) ; F. W. A. and M. A. Pauly, 1889- 
 1892. No later mention in directories. Democratic (except under Cul- 
 bertson, Independent). 
 
 West Superior 
 
 [See also Superior] 
 
 Index. Aug. 20, 1895. 
 
 Vindicator (w). June, 1898— Jan., 1899. Fo. 
 Successor, of Union Label Advertiser. 
 
 Westfield 
 
 Central Union (w). Feb., 1879— Nov., 1882. F«. • 
 
 Founded June, 1877, by S. D. Forbes and conducted by him till his 
 death in. 1899. Since then owned by his widow and managed by his sons. 
 Independent Republican. 
 
 Marquette Independent (w). Jan. — June, 1874. F«. 
 
 Founded about Aug., 1871, by Griff. O. Jones ; suspended July, 1874. 
 File bound with Mdntello Express, 1871-73. 
 
 Weyauwega 
 
 Weyauwega Chronicle (w).. Mar,, 1877-1905. 15 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded Mar., 1877, by J. C. Keeney ; conducted by him for five years ;. 
 H. S. Keeney, 1882-86; A. L. Hutchinson, 1886— Aug., 1893; H. S. Kee- 
 ney again, till June 1894 ; F. H. Voshardt till Jan. 1900 ; since then, C. 
 F. Crane. Published also Deutsche Chronih, which was suspended Oct, 
 1910. Published in 1887, series of articles by George W. Taggart on 
 history of Waupaca County. Democratic, under Keeney ; Republican, un- 
 der Hutchinson ; Independent, under Voshardt ; since then Democratic. 
 
 Deutsche Chronik (w). Feb.— June, 1898; 1899-1905. 4 v. F». 
 Founded Feb., 1898, by F. H. Voshardt. 
 
 Weyauwega Herald (w). May — Oct., 1859. Fe. 
 
 Published by W. C. Tompkins ; suspended late in 1859. At first, styled 
 ~Wol] River Herald. File bound with Oshkosh City Times, 1867-68. 
 
 [460] 
 
w 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Wolf River Herald (w). Oct., 1858 — Jan., 1859. F=. 
 
 File bound with Oshkosh City Times, 1867-68. See Weyauwega 
 Herald. 
 
 Weyauwega Times (w). Sept., 1870-76. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Founded Feb., 1869, by F. W. Saekett; conducted by him (during first 
 
 six months, with C. Waldron ; then, for a time, with Pavey), till 
 
 suspension, Dec . 1876 ; then merged in Waupaca Republican. 
 
 Wbyatjwegian (w). July, 1855 — May, 1858. F«. 
 
 Published by William C. Tompkins ; continued as Weyauwega Herald, 
 q. v. Democratic. 
 
 Whitehall 
 
 Trempealeau County Messenqee (w). 1876-78. Ft. 1879 (with 
 Whitehall Times). 
 
 Removed hither from Galesville (q. v., under Journal), Aug., 1874; 
 conducted by Bert E. Clarke, who absconded in June, 1875 ; thereupon 
 carried on by committee of citizens, and edited by Dan Camp, till Sept., 
 1876. Purchased then by George Bdes, and conducted by him till July, 
 1878 ; M. B. Waggoner, till Sept., 1879 ; B. F. Wing and Camp, three 
 months ; in Jan., 1880, succeeded by Times, q. v. Republican. 
 
 Whitehall Times (w). 1880— Aug., 1882; July, 1883— Aug., 1884. 2 T. 
 
 FT. 
 
 Continuation of Trempealeau Co. Messenger (which name was retained 
 as a sub-title until Jan., 1882) ; published by Fred B. Beach till Dec., 
 1880, with Dan Camp as assistant editor ; Beach Bros, till 1887 ; since 
 then, J. B. Beach. In 1892 absorbed Blair Banner, and styled Whitehall 
 Times and Blair Banner. 
 
 Whitewater 
 
 Cheonicle. Extra. Mar. 14, 1885. 
 
 Whitewater Gazette (w). Aug. 2, Nov. 22, 1855; Dec, 1855-56; Jan. 1, 
 
 1857. F«. 
 
 Founded July, 1854, by C. H. Brenan and Waterman ; soon after- 
 ward, sold to H. J. Curtice ; conducted by him till Dec, 1855 ; then by 
 Joseph A. Leonard (with Addison Emerson, after first three months), two 
 years ; removed to Waukesha, q. v., Jan. 1857. Non-partisan (except un- 
 der Curtice, and after July, 1856, Republican). File bound with Register, 
 1858-59. 
 
 Gazette (w). Aug., 1894-1908. 7 v. F6. 1909+ 
 
 Founded (d) by John C. Clinton, Mar., 1889 ; conducted by him (as 
 secretary of stock company) till Feb., 1891; then by Charles F. Sheriff; 
 in following May, apparently succeeded by Weekly Gazette, published by 
 •W. W. Hall and A. E. Cowles, 1892; Hall and F. W. Millar, one year; 
 Millar, one year; Willis Wilton and Grant H. Lawton, Dec, 1894-97; 
 W. R. Hotchkiss, 1897-98; Hotchkiss and F. R. Bloodgood, 1898-99; 
 since then, Bloodgood alone. Jan., 1899, styled Whitewater Gazette. 
 Republican, under Sheriff ; Democratic, under Hall ; Independent, under 
 Lawton and Hotchkiss ; since then, Republican. 
 
 [461] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Whitewater, Wis., continued: 
 
 Whitewater Gazette. 
 See Gazette. 
 
 Whitewater Register (w). Aug. 8, 1857; July, 1858-59. Ft. 1860-66; 
 
 1871. 3 v. F». 1872-1903. 15 v. Ft. 1904-1908. 3 V. BY. 
 
 1909+ 
 
 Established Mar., 1857, by H. L. and L. H. Eann ; conducted by them 
 till May, 1866 ; L. H. Rann and H. G. Parsons, four years ; B. G. Ben- 
 jamin, Apr., 1870— Oct., 1871; E. D. Coe (with H. S. Salisbury, Jan., 
 1888— Mar., 1891) till Feb., 1910. Edited by E. K. Coe since Nov., 1902; 
 owned by him since Feb., 1910. Published July — Dec, 1858, articles on 
 early history of town, by a pioneer ; Apr. 26, 1861, "Exhibit of business 
 of Whitewater," by L. K. Hawes ; in 1873, "Reminiscences of White- 
 water." Republican. 
 
 Royal Purple (m). Vols. 1-2. 1902-1903, 9 hos.; Vols. 3-9. 1904- 
 1910. 9 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Williams Bay 
 
 Observer (w). Jan — Sept, 1898. F«. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1898, by W. C. Dean, and conducted by him till bought 
 by Delavan Enterprise, Sept., 1898. 
 
 I 
 
 Wilmot 
 
 Agitator (w) . June, 1901— Apr., 1906. 2 v. F=. May, 1906-1909. F«. 
 1910+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1901, by Swenson Bros., and since published by them ; 
 edited by R. B. Swenson. Independent. 
 
 Wilson 
 
 Wilson Pioneer (w). Jan. — Sept, 1877 (incomp.). F». 
 
 Founded Aug., 1875, by J. H. Monteflore, publisher ; edited by W. N. 
 Vilas, 1875-76 ; Ed. Murphy, in 1877. No later mention in directories. 
 Independent. File bound with Hammond Independent, 1875-77. 
 
 Windsor 
 
 Windsor Herald (w). Jan., 1899— Feb., 1900. F«. 
 
 Founded Jan.. 1899, by N. M. Nelson of Waunakee News. In 1901, both 
 published by C. R. Maries. 
 
 Winneconne 
 
 Winneconne Herald (w). Vol. 1. No. 1. Sept. 26, 1874. 
 With Old Winnebago County papers, 1849-68. 
 
 [462] 
 
Wi 
 
 isconsin 
 
 Winneconne Item (w). Sept., 1871 — Aug., 1874. F«. 
 
 Established Jan., 1S71 ; conducted by Thomas McConnell till Aug., 1872 ; 
 W. H. Walker, two years ; suspended Aug., 1874. Revived, a month later, 
 by F. F. Livermore, under title of Herald; probably of short duration. 
 
 Winneconne Item (w). 1877 — Mar., 1879. Fa. 
 
 Founded Apr., 1876, by Frank S. Verbeck, as continuation of former 
 Item, and volumes numbered consecutively therewith ; apparently sus- 
 pended in 1879. Independent Republican. 
 
 Wonewoc 
 
 Wonewoc Enterprise (w). Oct., 1881-Oct, 1885. Ft. 
 
 Founded Oct., 1881, by Duane Mowry ; sold by him Oct., 1884, to 
 Oscar W. Parker; in Nov., 1885, merged in Juneau Co. Bun, Mauston. 
 
 Wonewoc Gazette (w). Feb., 1895-1900. 3 v. Fe. 
 
 Established Oct., 1894 ; conducted by H. H. Dunn ; in following March, 
 adopted sub-title, and Herald Statesman. Merged, Dec, 1900, in Wone- 
 woc Reporter, q. v. 
 
 Wonewoc Reporter (w). Sept., 1900-1908. 4 v. F«. 1909+ 
 
 Founded Apr., 1876, by George Schlosser & Co., and conducted by them 
 till 1881; T. K. Dunn, 1882-85; W. F. Hill, 1886; John Price Jr., 1887- 
 1892 ; Reporter Ptg. Co., 1893-94 ; A. Carter & Son, 1895-1900 ; W. J. Hill, 
 1900 — Apr., 1901 ; Seymour Bronson, Apr., 1901 — Apr., 1902 ; H. H. 
 Dunn, Apr., 1902 — July, 1904 ; since then, Osman D. Whitehill. 
 
 Badger Workman (m). June, 1900. 
 
 Founded 1900 as official organ of A. O. U. W. of Wisconsin. Published 
 by Menefee & Perkins till June, 1901 ; then by H. H. Zahn, in Milwaukee. 
 File bound with Wis. Labor Newspapers. 
 
 Wyocena 
 
 Wyocena Advance (w). July, 1910+ Fe. 
 
 Founded July, 1910, by Lemuel Hastings Doyle, and conducted by him 
 til! Dec. ; L. Hobart Doyle, Dec, 1910 — Apr., 1911 ; J. M. Bushnell, Apr., 
 1911 ; since then, B. L. Bierce. 
 
 [463] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 II. Outlying Possessions 
 
 Hawaii 
 
 Honolulu 
 
 Pacific Commercial Advertiser. Sept. 4, 1869. 
 
 Fbiend (m). relig. Vols. 7, 9-40. 1850; 1852-83. Indexed. 6 v. P. 
 
 Polynesian (w). 1846, 3 nos.; Mar. — Nov., 1856; Nov., 1857 — Sept, 
 1858. 
 With Sandwich Island Newspapers, 1834-58. 
 
 Punch Bowl (m). Vol. 1, nos. 1-3. July — Sept., 1869. 
 
 Sandwich Island Newspapers, 1834-58. F*. 
 
 Included in this volume are the following: 
 
 Friend of Temperance and Seamen fs-m). May-Oct., 1845. 
 
 Ke Kumu Hawaii. Nov. 26, 1834. 
 
 Pacific Commercial Advertiser (w). 1857—58, 4 nos. 
 
 Philippine Islands 
 Manila 
 
 Ameeican. Feb. 17, 1899. 
 
 Mebcantil. May 31, 1902. 
 
 Sabado 
 
 Porto Rico 
 
 San Juan 
 
 San Juan News (tri-w; d). Nov., 1898— Apr., 1905. F«. 
 
 Founded Nov., 189?, by Hobart S. Bird, and conducted by him till 
 Mar., 1904 (with S. E. De Racken till Sept., 1899). Sold to Abraham 
 Kopel, Mar., 1904, and by him sold to insular government ' officials ; con- 
 ducted by them till suspension, Apr., 1905. Issued tri-weekly in English 
 till April, 1899 ; after 1900, daily, in English and Spanish. On April 12, 
 1899, the (Spanish) supreme court ot Porto Rico ordered its suppression, 
 its edition confiscated, and its proprietors imprisoned, also future edi- 
 tions to be submitted to censorship before publication, which order was 
 set aside by Governor General Henry. In October, 1903, a quasi-official 
 censorship was established and the plant seized by order of court, on pub- 
 lication of forbidden matter. During the seizure (Oct. 24-Nov. 10), issued 
 in form of a small dodger. 
 
 [464] 
 
Argentine- Australia 
 
 III. Foreign Countries 
 
 Argentine Republic 
 
 Buenos Ayres 
 Depenmente (w). Apr. 30, 1904. 
 
 British Packet. Dec. 28, 1850. 
 
 Vanouardia (w). 1903-1905, 6 nos. Fs. 
 
 Vobwabts. Apr. 27, 1889. 
 
 Australia 
 
 Adelaide, S. Australia 
 Herald (w). Feb.— Mar., 1908. Fs. 
 
 Brisbane, Queensland 
 
 Worker (w). Mar., 1892— Sept., 1897 (Incomp.), Dec. 2, 1905. Mar. 
 24, 1906. F5-8-*. 
 
 Broken Hill, N. S. W. 
 
 Barrier Truth (d). Nov., 1908— June, 1911. 5 v. Fs. July, 1911+ 
 
 Same (w). Jan— Oct 1908. F». 
 
 Hobart, Tasmania 
 ■Clipper (w). 1907, scat, nos.; July, 1908— Dec, 1909. F*. 
 
 Melbourne 
 
 Abous (d). July, 1857— Aug., 1858. Ft. 
 
 Same (w). Jan.— Aug., 1858. Ft. 
 
 Australasian (w). Vols. 1-45 (new series). Apr., 1866— Dec., 1888. 
 Indexed. 45 v. Fs. 
 
 Australian Co-operative News. Sept., 1891. 
 30— N. C. [ 465 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Melbourne, Australia, continued: 
 
 Industrial Gazette (m). July, 1904. ' 
 
 Labor Call (w). Oct., 1907+ P=. 
 
 Socialist (w). Feb., 1908+ F*-e. 
 
 Founded Apr , 1906, by Tom Mann, as organ of Socialist Party of Vic- 
 toria. Edited successively by Mann, H. H. Champion, Bernard O'Dowd, 
 and R. S. Ross. 
 
 Temperance News (m). 1878; Feb., June— Dec, 1882; Apr., Dec., 
 1883; 1885-89; 1890-1892. 4 v. F. 
 
 Wateeside "Workers' Gazette (m). Apr., 1908+ F*. 
 
 Sydney, N. S. W. 
 
 Illustrated Sydney News (m; bi-w). Vol. 26. Feb. — Dep.» 1889. F». 
 
 Worker (w). 1908-1910. 6 v. Fs. 1911+ 
 Founded 1891. 
 
 Austria 
 
 Prague 
 
 Constitutionelles Blatt aus BShmen (d). July — Sept., 1850. F». 
 
 Vienna 
 
 Arheiter-Zeitung. Aug. 12, 1900; Nov. 5, 9, 1897. 
 Hammer (s-m). Vol. 9. 1903, 3 nos. 
 Deutsche Worke. Jan., 1895. 
 
 Belgium 
 
 Antwerp 
 
 Metropole. Sept 26, 1899. 
 
 Brussels 
 
 Cooperateubs Beiges (m). Nov., 1900— Nov., 1903. F. 
 Independence Beige. Oct. 4, 5, 1907. 
 Maison du Peuple (m). 1899-1902, 7 nos. F. 
 Peuple. 1901, 4 nos.; 1902, 8 nos.; Mar. 5, 1906. F«. 
 
 [466] 
 
Canada 
 
 Canada 
 
 Barrie, Ont. 
 
 Upper Canada Law Journal, and Local Courts Gazette (m). Vols. 
 1-3. 1855-57. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Calgary, Alb. 
 
 Alberta Tribune. Nov. 9, 1895. 
 
 Charlottetown, P. E. I. 
 
 Trades and Labor Journal (m). Vol. 1, No. 1. Mar., 1902. 
 
 Chicoutimi, Que. 
 
 Progress du Saguenay (w). 1889-90; 1892— Oct., 1897. 4 v. Fs-«. 
 Founded 1886, by J. D. Guay, and since published by him (part of the 
 time with Godbout) ; edited (1909) by H. Magnan. Independent. 
 
 Cowansville, Que. 
 
 Cotton's Weekly. Mar., 1909+ F«. 
 
 Founded 1879 as Observer, a strictly local paper. In 1908 bought from 
 John J. Barker by W. TJ. Cotton, and present name adopted. Jan. 1, 1900 
 dropped all local features and became Socialist. Since Apr., 1910, oper- 
 ated by Cotton's Co-operative Pub. Co. 
 
 Hagersville, Ont. 
 
 Indian (s-m; m; w). Dec, 1885-86. F. 
 
 "Devoted to aborigines of North America." 
 
 Halifax, N. S. 
 
 Nova Scotia Magazine and Comprehensive Review (m). July — Dec, 
 1789; July— Dec., 1790. Vols. 1, 3. Indexed. 2 v. O. 
 
 Hamilton, Ont. 
 
 Palladium. Oct. 10, 1885. 
 
 Kingston, Ont. 
 
 Upper Canada Herald (w). July 2, 1822. ; 
 
 Bound with Eastern Local Newspapers, 1821-28. 
 
 London, Ont. 
 
 Industrial Banner (m). Dec, 1903. " | 
 
 [467] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 London, Ont., continued: i , ; ' 
 
 International Good Templak (m). Vols. 1-2, 4-6, 8. 1888-89, 1891-93,. 
 1895. 6 v. O. 
 See same title under Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 Montreal, Que. 
 
 Chubch Guardian (w). Vols. 14-16. Apr., 1893— May, 1895. 3 v. F^ 
 
 Canadian Coueant (w). Jan. 29, 1810. 
 
 Bound with Middle and 'Western Local Newspapers, 1802-10. 
 
 Cultivated (w). Mar., 1897 — Nov., 1906. 7 v. F», 
 See Patrie. 
 
 Gazette (d). 1896— June, 1911. 64 v. F«. July, 1911 + 
 
 Founded June, 1778, by Pleury Mesplet, who had come from Phila'- 
 delphia in 1776 with Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Chase, and Rev. Charles- 
 Carroll, to influence Canadian sentiment toward the Revolution. They 
 abandoned this project, bnt Mesplet remained. Having violated his owm 
 rule not to mention "religion, government, or news concerning the present 
 affairs," his paper was suspended in 1779, and he imprisoned. He re- 
 sumed publication in 1785, and in 1795 sold to Thomas A. Turner. After 
 various changes, the paper was bought by Robert Armour in 1832, and> 
 
 conducted by him (with his son Andrew till 1836, then with Chis- 
 
 holm) till about 1844; Robert Abraham and H. Mclver, 1844-48; James- 
 
 M. Ferres and Milne, 1848-53 ; John Lowe and Col. Chamberlain, 
 
 1853-71 (Montreal Ptg. & Pub. Co. after 1867) ; Richard and Thomas- 
 White (Gazette Ptg. Co. since 1878), 1871-88; since then, Richard White 
 and his son, Smeaton White. Edited since 1895 by Samuel L. Kydd. See- 
 Montreal, the commercial metropolis of Canada (Gazette Printing Co., 
 1907), pp. iii-xii. 
 
 Same (w). Jan. 22, 1810. 
 
 Bound with Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1802-10. 
 
 Montreal Herald and Daily Commercial Gazette. Jan. 17, 1862. 
 
 Joubnal of Education for Lower Canada (m). Vols. 1-15* 1857-6& 
 15 v. in 4. Q. 
 See same title under Quebec. 
 
 Le Monde Illustre (w). May, 1884 — Apr., 1901. 17 v. F4.;also sup- 
 plements to 1886-88. 2 v. 
 
 L' Opinion Publigue, Journal Illustre (w). 1870-83. 14 v. Pi. 
 
 Patrie (w). 1894— Feb., 1897. 2 v. F«. Nov., 1906— Feb., 1908. 
 
 Same (d). 1882-85. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Styled Cultivateur, q. v., Mar., 1897 — Nov., 1906. 
 
 Daily Witness. Dec. 30, 1861. 
 
 [468] 
 
Canada 
 
 Niagara, Ont. 
 
 Upper Canada Guabdian (w). Nov. 24, 1810. 
 
 Bound with Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1802-10. 
 
 Owen Sound, Ont. 
 
 Our Fobbst Children (m). Vols. 3-4. 1889-90. O. 
 
 "Published In Interest of Indian education and civilization ;" E. F. Wil- 
 son, editor ; succeeded by Canadian Indian. 
 
 Canadian Indian (m). Vol. 1. Oct., 1890— Sept., 1891. O. 
 
 Edited by E. F. Wilson ; published under auspices of Canadian Indian 
 Research and Aid Society. 
 
 Quebec, Que. 
 
 Abeiixe (m). Vols. 1-14. July, 1848-June, 1881. 14 v. Q. 
 Contains articles on Jesuit missionaries in Canada. 
 
 L'Electeub (d). 1880-82; July— Sept., 1883; 1884; Apr., 1885— Nov., 
 
 1895. 24 vols. F «. i I 
 
 j j ; . ; ; 
 
 Quebec Gazette (w). Mar.-Oct, 1808, 6 nos. Fs. 
 
 Bound with Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1802-10; 
 
 Same. Nov. 4, 1813. 
 
 Bound with Middle and Western Local Newspapers, 1811-20. 
 
 Jotjbnal of Eduoatton for Province of Quebec (m). Vols. 16-21. 
 1869-74. 6 v. in 2. Q. 
 Removed hither from Montreal, q. v. 
 
 Joubnal de Quebec (d). 1851-55; 1857; 1861; 1863-82; June, 1885 — 
 Sept., 1889. 36 v. FR 
 
 Quebec Mebouby (w). 1807; 1809-10; Jan. — Aug., 1812; Feb. — Dec., 
 1813. 2 v. Q. 
 
 National (w). Nov., 1855— Oct., 1856. Ft. 
 
 Soleil (d). 1896-97. 2 v. Ft. 
 
 Toronto, Out. 
 
 Journal of the Board of Abts and Manufactures for Upper Canada 
 (m). Vols. 1-7. 1861-67. Indexed. 7 v. Q. 
 
 Canada Bookseller and Stationer (m). Vols. 12-13. 1896-97. 2 v. 
 in 1. F. 1898— Mar., 1899. F. 
 
 Chtjbch Evangelist (w). Vol. 17. June, 1895— Mar., 1896. F. 
 Successor of Church Guardian, Montreal, q. v. 
 
 [469] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Toronto, Ont., continued: 
 
 Citizen and Country (w). Mar — Dec, 1899; Mar. — Dec, 1900 (in- 
 comp.). F«. 
 Founded 1898. Published by Social Progress Co. 
 
 Educational Journal (w). Vols. 1-5. 1887-92. 5 v. in 3. F. 
 
 Educational Weekly. Vols. 1-5. 1885 — Apr., 1887. 5 v. Q. 
 
 Empire (d). 1894. 3 v. P«. 
 
 Consolidated with Mail, under title Mail and Empire, q. v. 
 
 Field of Progress (m). May, 1900. 
 
 Globe (d). 1894— Feb., 1896. 9 v. P«. 
 
 Globe, and Canada Farmer (w). Vols. 29-31. 1877-79. Indexed. 
 3 v. Fs. 
 
 International Good Templar. 
 
 See same title under Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 Grip (w). Vols. 1-40. May, 1873— July, 1893. 40 v. in 32. Q. 
 
 Independent political and satirical journal. Editors : Charles P. Hall, 
 during first two months; T. P. Thompson ("Jimuel Briggs, D. B.," pseud.), 
 two months; "Barnaby Rudge" (pseud.), Sept., 1873 — Mar., 1879; J. W. 
 Bengough (cartoonist from the start), Mar., 1879 — Aug., 1892. This is 
 one of the few complete sets in existence. 
 
 Industrial Canada (m). 1907+ Q. 
 
 Founded 1898, organ of Canadian Manufacturers' Association. 
 
 Canadian Journal (m). Aug., 1852 — Dec, 1855. Indexed. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Journal of Education for Upper Canada (m). Feb., 1858 — Oct., 1865. 
 Q. 
 
 Labor Advocate (w). July 10, 1891. 
 
 Labor Record (w). May 14, July 30, 1886. 
 
 Leader (d and w). May, 1864-65. 3 v. Fs. 
 
 Mail and Empire (d). 1895— Aug., 1911, 69 v. Fs. Sept., 1911+ 
 
 Founded March, 1872 ; owned by Mail Pub. Co. ; issued daily, evening, 
 and weekly editions. In 1877 re-organized under Mail Ptg. Co. In 1895 
 absorbed Empire, and took present name. Issued three editions till Oct., 
 1910, when Evening Mail and Empire was discontinued. Conservative. 
 See also Empire. 
 
 Onlooker (m). Jan., 1900. 
 Founded 1900. 
 
 Canadian Pictorial and Illustrated War News (w). Nos. 1-18. Apr. — 
 Aug., 1885. F b. 
 
 [470] 
 
Canada-China 
 
 Canada School Journal (m). Vols. 1, 7-9. 1877; 1882-84. 4 v. O. 
 
 Social Justice (m). 1903, 7 nos. F«. 
 
 Canadian Socialist (s-m). Nov. 15, 1902. 
 
 Week (w). Vols. 11-13. Apr., 1894— Nov., 1896. 3 v. F. 
 
 Vancouver, B. C. 
 
 Western Clabion (w). 1903-1905, scat. nos. June, 1907+ F«. 
 
 Styled Western Socialist till May, 1903. Published by Western Social- 
 ist Pub. Co. till 1907, except during four months of suspension in 1907 ; 
 since 1908, by Socialist Party of Canada. 
 
 Independent (w). Jan. 19, 1901. 
 
 Western Socialist (w). 1903, 3 nos. 
 See 'Western Clarion. 
 
 Victoria, B. C. 
 
 Semi-Weekly Colonist. 1896-98. 3 v. F«. 
 
 Victoria Gazette (w). July 1, 1858. 
 
 Bound with Kans., Ore., and Wash, newspapers, 1856-63. 
 
 Winnipeg, Man. 
 
 Manitoba Fbee Pbess (s-w). Feb., 1896— Jan., 1902. 8 v. P«, (Pub. 
 daily, Mar. 30, 1901— Jan. 17, 1902.) 
 
 Founded 1874 by Kenney & Luxton, and published by them till 1887; 
 since then, Manitoba Free Press Co. Edited by William F. Luxton till 
 1S94; Molyneux St. John, 1894-95; J. B. Somerset, 1896-99; since then, 
 E. H. Macklin. 
 
 Free Press Home Journal (w). Jan., 1898+ F«. 
 Weekly edition of Free Press. 
 
 Manitoba Gazette (w). Vols. 17-23. July, 1888—1904. 17 v. Q. 
 1905 + All indexed. 
 
 Official government publication, by the king's printer. First issued in 
 1870, irregularly, as proclamations or appointments required. Since 1875 
 published weekly. 
 
 Noewestek. Dec. 11, 1865. 
 
 Voice (w). June, 1902 — May, 1903; Dec. 25, 1903. F». 
 
 China 
 
 Canton 
 
 Canton Registeb (w). Vols. 8-9. 1835-36. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Founded 1827. Advocates free trade to all Chinese ports. 
 
 [471] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 China, continued: 
 
 Hong Kong 
 
 China Mail (w). Vol.2. 1846-47. Fs. 
 
 Hong Kong Telegraph. July 14, 1894. 
 
 
 
 
 Cuba 
 
 
 
 
 Havana 
 
 ?OB (W). 
 
 May 30, 
 
 1889. 
 
 
 Founded 1888. 
 
 
 
 Denmark 
 
 Aalborg 
 
 Aalborg Tidende. Dec. 21, 1901. , l 
 
 Altona 
 
 Abeille du Nord. Apr. 13, 1810. 
 
 Bound with Paris Journ. des Debats, 1820. 
 
 Copenhagen ( 
 Nordisk Boghandlebtidende (w). 1882-85; Mar., 1888 — Sept., 1889. 
 
 i v. Q. 
 Littebactje-Revue (w). Oct., 1887-88. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Politiken (d). July — Oct., 1886; Jan. — Junes, 1889. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Holding 
 
 Kobs og Stjaebne (m). 189&-98. Q. i "! 
 
 Prance 
 
 Calais 
 
 Cei du Travailleur. 1888, scat. nos. F«. 
 
 Cleves 
 
 Coueieb du Bas-Rhin (s-w). 1790-93; Mar.— Dec, 1794. 5 v. O. 
 
 [472] 
 
France 
 
 Guise 
 
 Le Devoir; Revue des Questions Sociales (w). Mar. — July 1886. O. 
 Published by M. Godin, director of the Famillstere at Guise. 
 
 Lyons 
 
 Annales de 1' Association de la Propagation de la Foi (bi-m). "Vols. 
 1-53. 1822-79. 53 v. O. 
 
 Documents, ind letters from bishops and missionaries throughout the 
 world, relative to missions and to above association (Roman Catholic). 
 
 Table des Annales de la Propagation de la Foi. 1822-53. 0. 
 Index to preceding publication, during the years 1822-53. 
 
 Nantes 
 
 Emancipation (m). July, 1901 — 1904 (incomp.). O. 
 
 Paris 
 
 Annals of the Propagation of the Faith (m). Vols. 1-5. July, 1839- 
 U. 5 v. O. 
 
 English translation from French publication at Lyons, q. v. 
 
 L'assiette au beurre. 1901. 3 nos. 
 
 Association Ouvi8re. 1901 — 1902, 5 nos. F». 
 
 Batatlle. May 27, 1889. 
 
 Bulletin. 1901, 2 nos. 
 
 Chambobd. Dec. 16, 1893. 
 
 Cooardb. Aug. 31, 1890. 
 
 L« Devoir; revue des questions sociales cr§6 en 1878 par J. B. A. Go- 
 din (m). 1886 (incomp.). Vols. 25-30. 1901—1906. 6 v. O. 
 
 L'EOALiTfi (w). May 27, 1889. 
 
 Gazette (w). 1896-97. 2 v. O. 
 
 Gazette Nationale, ou le Moniteur Universel (d). Vols. 1-29, and 
 30-31 (index). May, 1789— Nov., 1799. 31 v. Q. 
 
 Reprint of the original publication ; published by Henri Plon (Paris, 
 1863), with annotations. Illustrated with reproductions of contem- 
 porary engravings. Vols. 30-31 contain an analytical index to the entire 
 file. Moniteur was established Nov. 24, 1789, as successor of Bulletin de 
 VAaaemoUe Rationale; but in "the year IV" (1. e., 1793) its Issue was 
 dated back to May, 1789, and a file for May-Nov. of that year was com- 
 piled from that of the Bulletin, in order that the file for 1793 might con- 
 tain a full account of legislative proceedings from the beginning of the 
 Revolution. 
 
 [473] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Paris, France, continued: 
 
 Same. Introduction historique. Q. 
 
 This was published with the issue of 1796 ; "it contains an historical 
 sketch of the earlier forms of government in France ; of its earlier politi- 
 cal assemblies, of the States-General, and of the assemblies of notables in 
 1787 and 1788 ; and of the events which led to the Revolution." 
 
 HuMANiifi. Apr. 8, 1905. 
 
 I>ntbansigeant. Dec. 30, 1893; Jan. 13, 1894. 
 
 Journal des Debats (d). Apr.— May, 1820, 20 nos. F*. 
 
 Journal de l'Empire. Apr. 1, 1810. 
 With Joum. des Debats, 1820. 
 
 Journal de Paris (d). Aug. 17, 30, 1819'. 
 With Joum. des Debats, 1820. 
 
 Justice. Aug. 28, 1890. 
 
 Libre Parole (w). 1892, 5 nos.; Feb. 25, 1894. F«. 
 
 Mercure (m). Oct. — Dec., 1721; Jan.— Feb., 1722; Jan.— Feb., 1724. 
 Indexed. 3 v. O. 
 
 Mercure de France (m). July — Aug., 1734; Apr. — Oct., 1753; Jan., 
 Feb., Apr., 1758; Apr. — Dec, 1759; Oct — Dec, 1760; Jan. — June, 
 1762; July— Sept., 1776. Indexed. 12 v. O. 
 
 Moniteur JUniversel.; 
 
 See Gazette Rationale. 
 
 Nouveau Mercure (m). June, Sept., 1718; Apr. — Dec, 1720. In- 
 dexed. 4 v. O. 
 
 Parti Ouvrier (d). May 6, 1889; Sept. 18, 19, 1890; Apr. 29, 30, 1893; 
 Apr. 1, 2, 1897. F 6. 
 
 Parti Socialiste (d). Apr. 23-29, 1893. F«. 
 
 Proletariat. Sept 20, 1890. 
 
 Raison (w). 1903, 9 nos. F«. 
 
 Republique Franealse (d). Oct. — Dec, 1882; 1883-85; Jan. — June, 
 1886; Mar.— June, Aug.— Dec, 1887; 1888-91; Jan.— Mar., 1892. 
 19 v. F', 
 
 Revolte (d). May 5-11, 1889. F s. 
 
 Reyiew Socialiste (m). May, 1902. 
 
 [474] 
 
France-Germany 
 
 Socialisms (w). Vol. 1, Nov. 17, 1907— Aug., 1909. F*. 
 Socialiste (w). May, 1905 — Mar., 1908. P«. Also earlier scat. no3. 
 Temps (d). Jan.-t-Mar., 1896. Ft. 
 Voix du Peuple. Apr. 16, 1905. 
 
 Bheiins 
 
 Gazette (w). 1691-92. O. 
 
 Germany 
 
 Berlin 
 
 Bazaar (w). 1872-75. 2 v. F. 
 
 Feieb. May, 1902. 
 
 Nation. May 17, 1902. 
 
 Social-demokeat. Oct. 18, 1894. 
 
 Socialische Monats-Hefte (m). Sept., Dec, 1900; Jan., 1901. 
 
 Socialist. Apr. 10, 1892. 
 
 Soziale Praris. Sept. 27, 1900. 
 
 Sozialist (w). Apr. 10, 1892. 
 
 Konigliche privilegirte Berlinische STAATZ-und Gelehrte Zeitung. Mar. 
 
 4, 1784. 
 
 Volks-Blaetteb (tri-w). July 20— Sept. 30, 1848, nos. 1-31. Q. 
 Deutsche Volkstimme (s-m). 1903, 7 nos. O. 
 
 Vorwabts (d). 1897, 4 nos. 1901, 4 nos. 1903, 22 nos. Jan. 20, 
 1906. Ps. 
 
 Vobwarts Berliner Volksblatt (d). June— Sept., 1891. F «. 
 
 Cologne 
 
 Gazette de Cologne (s-w). 1760; 1782. 2 v. O. 
 
 Frankfort 
 
 Wochenblatt der Frankfurter Zeitung. 1882-92. 6 v. F«. 1893— 
 Sept., 1905. 13 v. Ft. Oct., 1905—1909. 2 v. Pe. 1910 + 
 Styled Frankfurter Zeitvn'j since Oct., 1905 
 
 [475] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Germany, continued: 
 
 Gotha 
 
 Menschenthum (w). 1878-89. 12 v. F. 
 
 Edited by Uhlich till Mar. 1872 ; then Dr. August Sprecht. Organ 
 
 of Deutschen Freidenker-Bundes. Styled Sonntags-Blatt, q. v., till Mar., 
 1872. 
 
 Sonntags-Blatt (w). 1870-77. 7 v. F. 
 " See Menschenthum. 
 
 Hamburg 
 
 Hamburg Echo. 1896, 2 nos. 1899, 4 nos. 
 
 Genossenschaftliche Mittheilungen. Nov., 1901; May, 1902. 
 Wochbn Bericht. Aug. 2, 1902. 
 
 Leipzig 
 
 Buchgeweebeblatt (m). Oct., 1892— Oct., 1893. F. 
 
 Daheim (w). 1867; 1870; 1872-84. Indexed. 14 v. F. 
 
 Feeie Glocken (w). 1877-78. Q. 
 
 Gabtenlatjbe (w). 1865-96. Indexed. 32 v. F. 
 
 Neue Welt. June 15, 1878. 
 
 Demokratisches Wochenblatt (w), 1868-69. Q. 
 
 Magdeburg 
 
 Freireligi6ses Sonntags-Blatt (w). 1887 — Aug., 1888. Q. 
 
 Founded by Uhlich. Styled Neues Freirellgioses Sonntags-Blatt after 
 May, 1887. 
 
 Munich 
 
 Beilage zur Allgemelnen Beitung. Nov. 10, 1900. 
 
 Stuttgart 
 
 Gleichheit (w). Mar. 15, 1899; May 17, 1905. 
 
 Netje Zeit (m). Jan. — Dec, 1889. O. 
 
 Uebeb Land tjnd Meer (w). Vols. 17-18. 1867; 27-28, 1872; 41-46, 
 1879-81; 59-60, 1888. 11 v. F*. 
 
 Vom Kbeig schatj platz (w). 1870^71. F. 
 
 Wahee Jacob (w). 1896-97, 6 nos. Feb. 17, Mar. 14, 1899. Apr. 18, 
 May 16, 1905. F. 
 
 T476 1 
 
Germany-Italy 
 
 Zittau 
 
 Mobgenbothe (w). 1877-78. Q. 
 
 Moved to Worsheim, Oct., 1877 ; to Offenbach, Dec, 1877. 
 
 Holland 
 
 Amsterdam 
 
 Buiten-en Binnenlandsche Bebichten (m). Religious. Jan., 1800 — Apr., 
 1801, 8 nos. O. 
 
 Bulletin of Church Services in Amsterdam (w). 1814. 
 
 Amsterdamsche Mebcubius (m). July — Dec, 1807; 1808-11; Jan. — 
 June, 1812; Apr. — June, 1815. 11 v. O. 
 
 Maandelyksche Nederlandschen Mebcubius (m). July — Dec., 1756; 
 1757-90; 1801-1806. 43 v. O. 
 
 Vbiestd der Behoeftigen (w). Dec, 1799 — Sept., 1800, 5 nos. 
 File bound with Buit.-en Binn, Berichten. 
 
 Lieyden 
 
 Coubieb van Europa (s-w). Nov. 21, 1783. 
 Bound with Journ. des Deoats, 1820. 
 
 Joubnal Politique (s-w). Sept. 5, Oct. 6, 13, 1809. 
 Bound with Journ. des Debats, 1820. 
 
 Nouveixes Extraordinaires de Divers Endroits (s-w). 1765-82. 18 v. 
 O. 
 
 Iceland 
 
 Akureyri 
 
 Lythtjb (s-m). Oct., 1888— Feb., 1889, 7 nos. 
 
 Bound with Bpan.-Amer., Scand., and Oriental Newspapers, 1822-93. 
 
 Italy 
 
 Ancona 
 
 Libeeo Patto (w). Mar. 3, 1889. 
 
 Bologna 
 
 Resto del Cablino. Nov. 25-27, 1901. ! 
 
 [ 477 ] l 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Italy, continued: 
 
 Florence 
 
 I/Economista (w). June, 1886— Jan., 1887. F. 
 
 Milan 
 
 Boixetino della Sciopero Muratori. Nov. 8, 1901. 
 
 i 
 
 Coopeeazione Italiana. 1901-1902, 4 nos. 
 Ceitica Socialk Vols. 11-12. 1902. 4 nos. 
 Gazetta Agbicola. 1900-1901. 2 nos. 
 Nosteo Giornale. 1898, 2 nos.; 1900-1903, 20 nos. 
 
 Ravenna 
 
 Parola dei Socialists. Apr. 26, 1902. 
 
 Borne 
 Ceedito e Coopeeazione (m). 1900-1901, 7 nos. F. 
 
 Socialismo (s-mj. 1902-1904 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Turin 
 
 L'Associazione. 1901-1902, 6 nos. F*. 
 
 Japan 
 
 Tokio 
 
 Labor World (s-m). Vols. 1-2. 1892— Aug., 1900 (incomp.). P*. 
 
 Mainichi ShimbuN ["Daily News"]. Feb., 1893, 17 nos. 
 Bound with Buss., Jap, and other Newpapers. 
 
 r ' •" '■'" I Liberia 
 
 Monrovia 
 
 Liberia 'Christian Advocate (m). Aug., 1859. 
 
 Liberia Herald (m; s-m). 1830-32; 1840-43; 1856-57, scat. nos. F«. 
 Bound with Liberia Colon. Papers, 1830-63. 
 
 [478] 
 
M 
 
 exico-reru 
 
 Mexico 
 
 Matamoras 
 
 Matamoras Reveille (s-w). Vol. 1. No. 1. June 24, 1846. 
 
 Founded June, 1846, by Samuel Bangs and G. K. Lewis, to furnish In- 
 formation concerning Mexican affairs. One page printed in Spanish. 
 Bound with Eastern and Western newspapers, 1841-49. 
 
 Mexico City 
 
 Mexican Hebald (Sunday ed.). June 6, 1909 — Mar., 1910. F«. 
 
 Founded 1880. Conducted in 1909 by Paul Hudson (president) and 
 Frederick E. Guernsey (editor). 
 
 ItoDBBN Mexico (w). Feb., 1908 — May, 1909. P«, 
 
 Weekly edition of Mexican Herald. Merged in Sunday edition, May 25, 
 1909. 
 
 New Zealand 
 
 Auckland 
 
 Libeeatob (m). 1903, 3 nos. 1908— Oct., 1910. Q. 
 
 Dunedin 
 
 Tempebance Herald (m). 1879-90. 5 v. F. 
 
 Wellington 
 
 Commonweal. Feb. 21, 1903. 
 
 Norway 
 
 Christiania 
 
 Daobladet (d). Sept., 1887— Sept., 1888; Nov., 1890— June. 1891; Nov., 
 1891— Nov., 1892; 1893— June, 1895; Jan.— June, 1897. 13v. F». 
 
 Fedbaheimen (w). Apr., 1881 — Mar., 1885. F*. 
 
 Vebdens Gang (w). 1881-84; Jan.— Sept., 1887. 5 v. F*. 
 
 Peru 
 
 Lima 
 
 Actdalides (w). 1903-1908. Nos. 1-275. 5 V. Q. 
 
 [479] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Lima, Pebu, continued: 
 
 Meecueio Peruano (s-w). Vols. 2-3, 5-7. May — Dec., 1791; Sept, 
 1792— Apr., 1793. 5 v. O. 
 
 Published by Academic Society of Lovers of Lima ; continued during 
 1791-94 ; then suspended, on account of dispersion of society's members. 
 Historical, literary, etc. 
 
 Pbisma (s-m; w). Sept., 1905 — 1907. Nos. 1-71. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Roumania 
 
 Bukharest 
 
 Expozitiunea din Atena (w). 1903, 4 nos, F«. 
 
 South Africa 
 Durban, Natal 
 Commonweal (w). Nov., 1899— Feb., 1900. v 1. Noa. 1-6. 
 
 Cape Town, Cape Colony 
 
 South African Commercial Advertiser and Cape Town Mail (tri-w). 
 
 Mar., 1857 — Aug., 1858 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Apparently founded in 1822. Published (1857-58) by John Fairbaira 
 and William Buchanan. 
 
 Spain 
 
 Barcelona 
 
 Pboductor. May 3, 1889. 
 
 Cadiz 
 
 Socialismo (w). May 4, 1889. 
 
 Madrid 
 
 Socialista (w). Apr. 14, May 5, 1905. 
 
 [480] 
 
Sweden-United Kingdom 
 
 Sweden 
 Stockholm 
 
 ILLUSTRERAD Tin.NIXG (w). 1865-76. 13 V. F *. 
 
 Svabet (d). Aug. — Sept., 1909. F«. 
 
 Switzerland 
 
 Berne 
 
 Journal Telegraphique (m). Vols. 19-21. Oct., 1894— Dec, 1897. 
 Indexed. 3 v. in 1. Q. ' 
 
 Sonntagsblatt des Bund (w). 1878. Q. 
 File bound with Morgenrothe, 1877-73. 
 
 Lausanne 
 
 Gazette de Lausanne. 1903, scat. nos. F «. 
 
 Meiringen 
 
 Obebhasler (w). May 7, 1904. 
 
 Zurich 
 
 Proletabier. Oct. 18, 1890. 
 
 Sozial Demokrat (w). Sept., 1881— Sept., 1890. 3 v. F*. 
 
 United Kingdom 
 
 Belfast, Ireland 
 
 Brotherhood (mX. May-Dec, 1891 (incomp.). Q. 
 
 Birmingham, Eng. 
 
 Co-operative Record (m). Oct., 1892; Apr., July, 1893. O. 
 
 Swinney's Birmingham and Stafford Chronicle. Dec. 14, 1775. 
 
 Founded 1760. In 1775 published by S. Boden in Stafford ; printed In 
 Birmingham by M. Swinney. Bound with 8t. James Chronicle, 1774. 
 
 Bolton, Eng. 
 
 Co-operative Record (m). Vol. 13. No. 4. Apr., 1902. 
 Issued gratis by Bolton Educational Dept. 
 
 31— N. C. [ 481 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 United Kingdom, continued: 
 
 Bradford, Eng. 
 
 Truth Seeker (m). Jan., 1900. 
 Founded 1897. 
 
 Bristol, Eng. 
 
 Herald and Helpmate (m). Mar., Apr., 1875. i 
 
 Camden-Town, Eng. 
 Camden & Kentish Towns Gazette. 1870, 6 nos. F 8. 
 
 Canterbury, Eng. 
 Kentish Gazette. Apr. 23, 1771. 
 
 Oerkenwell, Eng. 
 
 Clerkenwell News, Apr. 21, 1861. 
 
 Cork, Ireland 
 
 Weekly Examinee. 1899-1900 (scat. nos). 
 
 Dublin, Ireland 
 
 Weekly Freeman and Irish Agriculturist Sept, 1885 — May, 1886. FT. 
 Contains the following : "The League of North and South — a chapter of 
 Irish History, 1850-54," by Sir C. Gavan Duffy; "Colonial Constitutions 
 — Cape Colony, Australia, etc ;" "Young Ireland — 1844-49." 
 
 Harp (m)> Jan., 1910+ Q. 
 
 See same title under New York. 
 
 Nation (w). 1842-47. 5 v. Fb. 1863-66. 3 v. F ». 
 
 Dublin News Letter. June 23-27, 1741. 
 
 Facsimile. Bound with Boston Gazette, 1782-90. 
 
 Dublin Penny Journal (w). June, 1832 — June, 1833. Indexed. Q- 
 
 Dublin Evening Post. 1803; Jan.— Aug., 1810. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Present State of Europe, or Historical and Political Monthly Mer- 
 cury. 1693. O. 
 Reprinted from the London edition. 
 
 Saunders' News Letter. June 23, 1785. 
 With Boston, Mass., Gazette, 1782-90. 
 
 United Ireland (w). May, 1892-95. 2 v. Fa. 1896. 
 
 [482] 
 
United Kingdom 
 
 Edinburgh, N. B. 
 
 Edinburgh Advebtiseb (s-w). 1765; June — Dec, 1772; Jan. — June, 
 1773; 1774; 1779; July, 1783— July, 1786. Indexed. 10 v. Q. 
 
 Chambers' Edinburgh Journal (w). 1832-43. Indexed. 12 v. F. 
 1844-88. Indexed. 72 v. Q. 
 Styled Chambers' Journal, after 1853. 
 
 Edinburgh Chbonicle (s-w). Mar. — Sept., 1759. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Same (tri-w). Mar.-Oct., 1760. Q. 
 
 Chubch and State Review (m). 1862-63. F. 
 
 Edinburgh Evening Coubant (tri-w). 1727. O. 
 
 Oldest newspaper now published in Scotland ; founded 1705 ; edited In 
 1710 by Daniel DeFoe. 
 
 Hogg's Weekly Instructor. Mar., 1845 — Feb., 1848. 3 v. F. 
 
 Edinburgh Litebaby Journal. Vols. 1-6. 1828-31. , 6 v. O. 
 
 Caledonian Mercury (d). Jan. 9, 10, Mar. 13-16, 1727. 
 Bound with Evening Courant, 1727. 
 
 Mibbob (w). 1779 — May, 1880. Indexed. 3 v. O. 
 Scotsman (w). Mar., 1899-1903. 2 v. P«. 
 Socialist. Jan., 1906. 
 
 r*" 
 
 Weekly Magazine, or Edinburgh Amusement. July — Dec., 1768; 1769- 
 72; Jan. — June, 1773; 1774; Jan. — June, 1775. Indexed. 13 v. 
 O. 
 
 Glasgow, N. B. 
 
 Chabtist Circular (w). Sept., 1839— Sept., 1841. F. 
 
 Lawd Values (w). June, 1902 — July, 1903. F*. 
 Postman's Gazette (w). 1898— Feb., 1908. 6 v. Q. 
 Scottish Co-ohebatob (w). 1902-1903. F*. 
 Single Tax (m). July, 1901. 
 Young Socialist (m). 1903, 6 nos. O. 
 
 Gloucester, Eng. 
 Gloucester Jotjbnal (w). 1775-1805. 6 v. F». 1813-16. F«. 
 
 [483] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 United Kingdom, continued: 
 
 Hammersmith, Eng. 
 Liberty, July, 1894. 
 
 Kelso, N. B. 
 
 British Chronicle. Sept. 5, 1794. 
 
 Bound with Poughkeepsie, N. Y., Journal, 1793-94. 
 
 Liverpool, Eng. 
 
 Joubnal. May 19, 1860. 
 
 Mail. May 19, 1860. 
 Mebcury. Nov. 19, 1858. 
 Post (d). May 19, 1860. 
 
 London, Eng. 
 
 Academy (w). Vols. 1-80. 1869-1910. Indexed. 80 v. Q. 1911 + 
 
 Vol. 1 issued weekly; 2-i, bi-monthly; 5+, weekly. 
 Adult (m). Nov., 1897-1898. O. 
 
 'Adventurer (s-w). Nov., 1752 — Mar., 1754. Vols. 1-2. Q. 
 
 Public Advertiser. Mar. 5, 1772. 
 
 American Register. Jan. 20', 27, 1877. 
 
 Weekly Amusement, or Universal Magazine. Nov., 1734 — Sept., 1735; 
 Dec, 1763 — June, 1767. Indexed. 10 v. O. 
 
 Antiquary. No. 2, 1854. No. 4, 1858. 
 Bound with London Gazette, 1680. 
 
 Art Journal (m). Vols. 3-7. 1857-61. Indexed. 5 v. P. 
 
 — Same (new series). Vols, 4, 7, 8, 10, 13. 1865; 1868-69; 1871; 
 
 1874. Indexed. 5 v. F. 
 
 Athenaeum (w). 1833-1910. Indexed. 125 v. Q. 1911 -f- 
 
 Atlas (w). 1832— June, 1833. 3 v. Q. 1837-45. 9 v. F. 
 
 Avenue (m). Oct. 1896— May, 1897. O. 
 
 Bee-JHive (w). July, 1875 — Dec, 1876 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Founded 1861. Edited by George Patter. Absorbed by Industrial Re- 
 view, q. v. 
 
 Bibliographer (m). Vols. 1-6. Dec, 1881 — Nov., 1884. Indexed. 6 v, Q. 
 
 [484] 
 
United Kingdom 
 
 Black and White (w). Vols. 30-35. 1905-1908, scat. nos. Vols. 
 36-39. 1908-1910 (incomp.). 
 
 Bookselleb (m). 1870-1910. 43 v. O. 1911+ 
 
 Bbitish Apollo (s-w). June, 1709 — Mar., 1710. F. 
 
 Bbothekhood (m). 1899-1903; 1904, 5 nos. Q. 
 
 Candlestick. Mar. 31, 1900. 
 
 Champion. May 30, 1740. 
 
 Bound with Grub-street Journal, 1730-35. 
 
 Champion and Sunday Review (w). Jan. 24, 1819. 
 
 Bound with Philanthropic Ga;ette. 1818-19. 
 
 International Record of Charities and Correction. 
 
 See same title under New York. 
 Christian Socialist (w). Vol. 2. July-Dec, 1851. O. 
 
 Chbistian Socialist (m). 1886-89, scat, nos.; Vols. 7-9. June, '1889- 
 91. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Knglish Chronicle and Universal Evening Post (tri-w). 1797-1802, 
 scat. nos. 
 
 Bound with Diary, 1700-1791. See London Chronicle. 
 
 London Chronicle, or Universal Evening Post (tri-w). Aug., 1757- 
 1768; July, 1769-1773; 1779; Apr., 1780-1781; 1783-86; 1791-Jan., 
 1796. 41 v. F. 
 
 Sfo Enylish CiuonicU-. 
 
 Morning Chronicle and London Advertiser (d). July — Dec, 1780 (in- 
 comp.); Jan.— Mar., 17S9. F-. 
 
 File for 1789 bound with Star, 1788-89. 
 
 Morning Chronicle. 1802, 10 nos.; 1813-20, 10 nos.; 1827, 3 nos. F*-*, 
 
 Church Reformer (m). Vols. 8-14. 1889-95. 7 v. O. 
 
 Clarion (w). Sept. 12, 1902. 
 
 Club and Institute (m). June, 1906. 
 
 Cobbett's Weekly Political Register. 1802-25. 35 v. Q. 
 
 Common-Sense. Nov. 24, 1739. 
 
 Bound with Qruh-slreet Journal, 17.T1-35. 
 
 Commonweal (w; m). 1885-92. 5 v. F. 
 
 Commonwealth (m). Vol. 1. 1896, 9 nos.; 1897-1906, 3 nos. 
 
 [485] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 London, Eng., continued: 
 
 Companion to the Newspaper (m). Mar., 1833 — Jan., 1834. Indexed. 
 Q. 
 
 Concobo (m). Apr., 1887— Aug., 1889. Q. 
 Organ of Peace Society. 
 
 Connoisseur. May 2, 1754. 
 
 Bound witt General Eve. Post, 1757-59. 
 
 Constitutional (m). 1863, 3 nos. 
 
 Con-Test (w). Nov., 1756— Aug., 1757. Q. 
 
 Political sheet ; established in opposition to Test, q. v. ; file bound with 
 latter publication. 
 
 Cook's Excursionist (m). 1873-74. F. 
 See same title under New York. 
 
 Co-pabtnebship (m). Jan., 1907-1908. O. 
 See Labour Co-partnership. 
 
 Country Journal, or Craftsman (w). 1728-33 (incomp.). F«. 
 
 Daily Coubant. Oct. 3, 1706; Aug. 8, 1707. 
 
 First daily newspaper in English language ;■ published by Elizabeth Mal- 
 let. Bound with London Oasette, 1699-1705. 
 
 Coubieb (d). July — Aug., 1805, 13 nos.; July — Dec.,' 1806, 20 nos. 
 Bound with English Newspapers, 1805, 1806. 
 
 Cbisis (w). Jan.— Oct., 1775. F. Jan.— Oct., 1776. Q. 
 
 Advocated rights of American colonies, and opposed English govern- 
 ment. Contains letters of "Casca." 
 
 Democeat (w). Mar. 27, 1886. 
 
 Diaet, or Woodfall's Register (d). June — Aug., 1789; 1790-91, scat, 
 nos. F o. 
 File for 1789 bound with Star, 1788-89. 
 
 Echo. Feb. 27, 1869. 
 
 Ei/tradion (m). Apr., 1905— Apr., 1908. O. 
 Official organ of Electrical Trades Union. 
 
 Amalgamated Engineees' Journal (m). 1898-1907, scat. nos. 1901- 
 1902. 2 v. O. July, 1908+ 
 
 England. Apr. 30, 1881. 
 
 Contains notice of death of Lord Beaconsfleld. 
 
 Englishman (w). Aug. 21, Oct. 30, 1875. 
 
 Englishman (•w), industrial. Jan. — Apr., 1854. 0. 
 
 [486] 
 
United Kingdom 
 
 European Mail for Brazil (tri-m). Apr. 9, 1869. 
 Bound with People'* Paper, Boston, Mass. 
 
 Examiner (w). Aug., 1710 — June, 1711. F. 
 Bound with Rehearsal, 1707-09. 
 
 Examiner (w). July — Dec., 1858. Fb. 
 
 London and China Express (w). Feb., 1873 — June, 1874. F. 
 
 Fabian News (m). Vols. 13-15. 1903— Oct., 1908. Q. 
 
 Facts Against Socialism (m). April, 1909+ O. 
 
 Founded 1909 by London Municipal Society (dept. of Anti-Socialist 
 Economics), and since published by them. 
 
 Fbee Russia (m). Vols. 1-4. Dec, 1890— July, 1894 (incomp.). Vols. 
 11-16. 1900-1905. Q. 
 
 Freedom, a journal of anarchistic communism (m). Feb., 1891; Jan., 
 1906. 
 
 London Gazette (s-w). Sept. 6, 1658; Sept. 10, 1666; May— Oct., 1680. 
 O. June — Oct., 1694. F. 1699—1705, 17 nos. F*. June — Nov., 
 1712. Q. July— Dec, 1767; 1768-99. 33 v. F. 1800-10. 22 T. 
 
 Q. 
 
 Oldest English newspaper now published ; founded at Oxford, Not., 
 1665, as Omford Gazette; upon removal to London, styled London Gazette 
 (Feb., 1666). The two numbers first mentioned are Head's reprints. 
 
 Royal Gazette and Universal Chronicle (tri-w). May — June, 1761, 
 12 nos. Q. 
 Styled Royal Chronicle, June, 1761. 
 
 Gazette de Londres (s-w). Dec 3, 1705. 
 
 Bound with London Gazette, 1699-1705. 
 
 Bulletin from London Gazette (irreg.). Mar.— Dec, 1793; 1794-1801; 
 1803-22; 1826. 30 v. O. 
 
 Good Templars' Watchword (w). Jan., 1876 — July, 1877. F. 
 
 Graphic (w). Oct.— Dec. 1890; 1892-1900. 18 v. F«. 
 
 Grub-street Journal (w). 1730-35 (Incomp.). F. 
 
 Guardian (w). Apr., 1876— June, 1887. Indexed. 22 v. P<. 
 
 Habmonicon (m), music 1828. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Morning Herald (d). May— Dec, 1803; 1804; 1805 (incomp.); Apr.— 
 Dec, 1807; Jan.— Aug., 1808. 5 v. PL 
 
 Herald of Anarchy (m). Oct., 1890— May, 1891. P*. 
 
 [487] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 London, Eng., continued: 
 
 Herald of the Cross (m). Mar.— Oct., 1905; 1909 + O. 
 
 New series begins with Jan., 1905. Organ of Order of the Cross; 
 edited by J. Todd Ferrier. 
 
 Heeald of Golden Age (m; q). Jan., Feb., 1896. 1902-1903 (incomp.). 
 1905+ O-F. 
 
 Founded Jan., 1896. Organ of Order of Golden Age. Edited by Sidney 
 H. Beard. Hygiene. 
 
 Hospital (w). July — Nov., 1888. 2 v. Q. 
 
 Household Words (w). Vols. 1-19. Mar., 1850 — May, 1859. Indexed. 
 19 v. O. 
 Conducted by Charles Dickens. Succeeded by All The Tear Round. 
 
 Howitt's Journal (w). Vols. 1-3. 1847; Jan. — June, 1848. Indexed. 
 3 v. O. 
 
 Illustrated London News (w). Vols. 1-135. May, 1842-1910. In- 
 dexed. 135 v. Fs. 1911+ 
 
 Illustrated Times (w). 1857-62. 12 v. F*. 
 
 Industrial Review, Social and Political (w). 1877, scat. nos. F. 
 
 See also Bee Hive. 
 
 Intelligencer (w). 1663-65, 9 nos. 
 
 Bound with Publick Intelligencer, 1652-65. Among Head's reprints is 
 one of Intelligencer for Feb. 5, 1648. 
 
 Kingdoms Intelligencer (w). 1661-63, 12 nos. 
 Bound with Puolick Intelligencer, 1652-65. 
 
 Publick Intelligencer (w). 1655-59, 9 nos. O. 
 
 International Review. Aug., 1889. 
 
 John Bull (w). Dec, 1820— Dec, 1833. 13 v. Fs. 
 
 British Journal (w). Sept., 1722 — Sept., 1724. F. 
 
 London Journal (w). Dec, 1720— Sept., 1722; Feb., 1721— July, 1722; 
 1723, 5 nos.; 1724, 8 nos,; 1725, 5 nos.; 1726, 2 nos.; 1727,12 nos.; 
 Feb. 22, 1728. 2 v. F. 
 
 Journal or Civilization (w). May — Oct., 1841. Q. 
 
 Journalist (w). Apr. — July, 1887. F*. 
 
 Justice (w). Dec. 27, 1884; July 16, 1887; 1894-95; 1897-1909. 
 15 v. F». 1910+ 
 Organ of Social Democracy. 
 
 [488] 
 
United Kingdom 
 
 Knowledge (w). Vols. 1-8. Nov., 1881— Oct., 1885. Indexed. 8 v. Q. 
 
 English Labobee (w). Aug. 28, 1875. 
 
 Labour Co-Pabtnebship (m). Vols. 1-4. 1895-98. 4 v. 0. Vols. 5- 
 12. 1899-1906 (incomp.). 
 Stylnd Co-partnership, q. v.. Jan., 1607. 
 
 Labour Gazette (m). Vols. 1-2. May, 1893— Mar., 1894. F. 
 
 Laboub Leader (w). Vols. 13-20. 1901-1909. 5 v. P=. 1910+ 
 
 Independent Laboub Party News (m). Vols. 1-7. Apr., 1897 — Dec, 
 1903. Q. 
 
 Labour Record and Review (m). Apr., 1905. 
 
 Labour World (w). Sept., 1890— May, 1891. Fo. 
 
 Leadeb (w). July— Dec, 1857. F. 
 
 Liberty Review (m). May 15, 1898. 
 
 Library (m). Vols. 1-9: 1889-97. Indexed. 9 v. O. 
 
 Official organ of Library Association of United Kingdom ; see Monthly 
 Noles of that body. 
 
 Library Chronicle (m). Vols. 1-5. 1884-88. Indexed. 5 v. Q. 
 Succeeded by Library. 
 
 Literaby Gazette (w). 1817-39. Indexed. 23 v. Q. 
 
 Little Soldier (w). Vols. 7-12, 14-15. June, 1887 — May, 1890; Dec, 
 1890— Nov., 1891. Indexed. 8 v. Q. 
 
 Styled Young Soldier after 1887. Juvenile; published by Salvation 
 Army. 
 
 Lloyd's Evening Post and British Chronicle (tri-w). 1758; July- 
 Dec, 1759; Jan.— June, 1760; 1761-62; July— Dec, 1763; 1764-69; 
 Aug.— Oct., 1774; Jan. — Apr., 1780. Indexed. 23 v. Q. 
 
 Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper. Apr. 3, July 17, 1859. 
 Edited by Blanchard Jerrold. 
 
 Loyal Protestant and True Domestick Intelligencer (tri-w). June, 
 1681— Aug., 1682 (incomp.). Q. 
 Hound with London Qazette, 1680. 
 
 Evening Mail (tri-w). June — Dec, 1859. F?. 
 
 Manufactuber (m). Oct., 1890— Oct., 1891. F*. 
 
 Mabk Lane Express (w). Oct., 1867 — May, 1869. 2 v. F». 
 
 [4891 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 London, Eng., continued: 
 
 Mechanics' Magazine (w). Aug.— Dec, 1823; 1824-58. Indexed. 69 v. 
 O. 
 
 Medusa, or Penny Politician. Feb. 20, 1819. 
 
 Bound with Philanthropic Gazette, 1818-19. 
 
 Meliora, a quarterly review of social science. Oct,, 1861. 
 
 Memoies of the Present State of Europe, or the Monthly Account of 
 Occurrences. Vols. 1-2. 1692-93. 2 v. O. 
 
 Englished reprint from a publication at 'S Gravenhagen (The Hague) — 
 the latter "authorized by the States of Holland and West Friesland." 
 
 English Meecubie. July 23, 1588. 
 Head's reprint. 
 
 Mebcubius Domesticus. Dec. 9, 1679. ' 
 
 Head's reprint. 
 
 Mebcubius Politicus (w). 1652-57, 4 nos. 
 
 Bound with Publick Intelligencer, 1652-65. 
 
 Athenian Mebotjby (s-w). Aug. 8, 15, 1691; June — Dec, 1693, 16 nos.; 
 Jan. 27, Feb. 24, Mar. 10, 1694. F. 
 
 British Mercury (w). Feb., 1713— June, 1715. Q. 
 
 Commonwealth Mebcukt. Sept. 9, 1658. 
 Head's reprint. 
 
 General London Evening Mebotjby (tri-w) . Dec., 1743 — Sept., 1745. F. 
 
 Middlesex Journal, or Chronicle of Liberty (tri-w). June, 1770— 
 June, 1772. Fs. 
 
 Mibbob of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction (w). Nov., 1822— 
 June, 1846. Indexed. 47 v. O. 
 
 Missing Fbiends and Australian Advertiser (m). Oct. — Nov., 1857. 
 Bound with Melbourne Argus, 1857. 
 
 Missionary Register (m). 1820-23; 1825. Indexed. 5 v. O. 
 
 Organ of Church Missionary Society ; gives survey of missions through- 
 out the world. 
 
 Monitob, or British Freeholder (w). Aug., 1755 — July, 1757; Apr., 
 1759— Apr., 1761; Jan., 1760— Jan., 1763. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Monthly Notes of the Library Association of the United Kingdom. 
 Vols. 1-4. 1880-83. Indexed. 4 v. O. 
 Succeeded by Library Chronicle, q. v. 
 
 [490] 
 
United Kingdom 
 
 Nattjbe (w). Vols. 1-44. Nov., 1869— Oct., 1891. Indexed. 44 v. Q. 
 
 New Age (w). 1902-1903. 11 nos. F. 
 
 New Obdee (m). May, 1899; Dec, 1900. 
 
 Newes. July 6, 1665. 
 Head's reprint. 
 
 Weekly Newes. Jan. 31, 1606. 
 Head's reprint. 
 
 News (d). Jan. 21, 1846 (facsimile); Nov. 22, 1864. 
 
 News of the World. 1859, 11 nos.; 1860, 10 nos. F«. 
 
 Nobth Bbiton (w). June, 1762— Nov., 1763; May, 1768 — Mar., 1770. 
 Indexed. 2 v. F. 
 
 North Geobgia Gazette and Winter Chronicle (w). Nov., 1819 — Mar., 
 1820. Q. 
 
 Literary and humorous Journal, conducted (in MS. form) by officers of 
 Parry's expedition sent out to discover a Northwest Passage; Edward Sa- 
 bine, editor. Printed after return of expedition to London. 
 
 Obsebvatob (w). Vols. 1-3. Apr., 1681 — Mar., 1687. Indexed. 3 v. In 
 2. F. 
 
 Satirical journal, by Sir Roger L'Estrange; discusses political and re- 
 ligious controversies of the time, especially the plot of Titus Oates ; writ- 
 ten in form of dialogues between "Observator," "Whig," "Tory," and 
 "Trimmer." 
 
 Obsebveb (w). Apr., 1909+ F«. 
 
 Olio, or Museum of Entertainment (w). 1828-32; Jan. — Feb., 1833. 
 Indexed. 10 v. O. 
 
 Olombia Commonwealth. 
 
 See same title under New York. 
 
 Once a Week. July — Dec, 1859; 1860-73. Indexed. 29 v. O. 
 
 London Packet, and Lloyd's Evening Post (tri-w). Nov. — Dec., 1808; 
 1809-14. 6 v. Fo. 
 
 Pall Mall Budget (w). Vols. 10-13. Apr., 1873— Mar., 1875. 4 y. 
 F*. July, 1884-1886 (incomp.). 1887. 2 v. F*. Jan.— May, 
 1888. 
 Weekly edition of Pall Mall Gazette. 
 
 Pall Mall Gazette (d). Vol. 1, No. 1, Feb. 7, 1865 (with 1867). May, 
 , 1867-69; Jan.— Apr. 1870. F». May, 1870— Apr., 1873. 22 v. F*. 
 
 Parthenon (w). Oct., 1836— Aug., 1837. Q. 
 
 [491] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 London, Eng., continued: 
 
 Penny Magazine (w). Mar.— Dec, 1832; 1833-45. Indexed. 14 v. Q. 
 First illustrated newspaper in English language. 
 
 People's Journal (w). Jan., 1836— June, 1849. 7 v. Indexed. Q. 
 
 A Perfect Diubnall of Some Passages in Parliament, etc. (w). Jan., 
 1648 — Mar., 1650 (incomp.). O. 
 
 Philanthropic Gazette (w). May, 1818; May— June, 1819. F*. 
 
 Political Controversy, or Weekly Magazine. Dec, 1762 — Aug., 1763, 
 scat. nos. O. 
 
 Political Magazine (m). Vols. 1-21. 1780 — July, 1791. Indexed. 21 
 v. O. 
 
 Political State of Europe (m). Vols. 6-7. 1794. 2 v. O. 
 
 Political State of Great Britain (m). Vols. 7-21, 23-28, 31-34. 1714- 
 20; Jan.— June, 1721; 1722-24; 1726-27. Indexed. 11 v. O. 
 
 Porcupine (d). Oct., 1800— Dec, 1801. 2 v. Fs. 
 
 Styled Porcupine and Anti-Q-allican Monitor, Oct., 1801. 
 
 General Evening Post (tri-w). 1757-58; Jan. — Aug., 1759. 2 v. F5. 
 
 London Evening Post. Nov. 1, 1733; 1845-47. 3 v. F*. 
 Bound with Country Journal, 1731-37. 
 
 Morning Post (d). July 1, 5, 1802; 1806, scat, nos.; 1813-17, scat, 
 nos. 2 v. F«. 
 
 Morning Post (d). July), 1910-f ps. 
 
 Post Bot (tri-w). Nov. 19, 1696; Sept. 23, 1699; Feb. 3, 1701. 
 Bound with London Qacette, 1699-1705. 
 
 Post Man (tri-w). 1701-1707, 8 nos. 
 
 Bound with London Gazette, 1699-1705. 
 
 Present State of Europe, or Historical and Political Monthly Mer- 
 cury. Vols. 3-9, 11-15. 1692-98, 1700-1704. 12 v. O. 
 
 Englished reprint from a publication at 'Sless Gravenhagen — the latter 
 "authorized by the State of Holland and West Priesland." See also 
 Memoirs of the Present State of Europe. 
 
 Publishers' Circular (s-m). Dec, 1858 — Oct., 1859; 1875-80; Jan. — 
 Apr., 1881; May— Dec, 1884; 1885 (incomp.). 10 v. O. 
 
 Punch, or London Charivari (w). Vols. 1-137. July, 1841— Dec, 
 1909. Q. 
 
 [492] 
 
United Kingdom 
 
 Railway Review (w). 1900-1901, 5 nos. Fs. 
 
 Refobmeb (m). Sept., 1897. 
 Founded 1897. 
 
 National Refobmeb (w). June 8, 1873; Aug. 29, 1875. 
 
 Registeb of the Times (tri-m). Oct., 1794 — Apr., 1795. Indexed. 3 v. 
 O. 
 
 Reheabsal (w; s-w). Aug., 1704— Oct., 1707; Oct., 1707— Mar., 1709. 
 Indexed. 2 v. F. 
 Styled Olservator, in No. 1 ; published semi-weekly after Sept., 1705. 
 
 Repbesentation (m). Dec., 1908. 
 
 Reynold's Newspaper. Oct. 12, 1859. 
 
 Rottebdam'b Courant. June 7, 1680- (Eng. reprint). 
 Bound with London Gazette, 1680. 
 
 St. James Chbonicle, or British Evening Post (tri-w). Oct. — Nov., 
 1774 (incomp.). Fs. 
 
 Satubday Magazine (w). July — Dec, 1832; 1833-44. Indexed. 19 v. 
 Q. 
 
 Satubday Review (w). Vols. 1-56, 60-71. Nov., 1855-83; July— Dec, 
 1885; 1886— June, 1891. Indexed. 68 v. F. 
 
 Scientific Opinion (w). Vols. 1-3. Nov., 1868 — June, 1870. Indexed. 
 3 v. Q. 
 
 Senatob, or Clarendon's Parliamentary Chronicle (w). Nov., 1790 — 
 June, 1802. Indexed. 32 v. O. 
 
 Shipping World, and Herald of Commerce (m). May, 1883 — Apr., 
 1884. Q. 
 
 Smith's Current Intelligence (s-w). May 1-4, 1680. 
 Bound with London Gazette, 1680. 
 
 Social Democrat (m). 1897-1908. 14 v. O. 1909+ 
 
 Socialist Review (m). May — Aug., 1908. 
 
 South Metbopolitan Gas Co. Co-Partnership Journal (m). Jan., 1904 — 
 Jan., 1906 (incomp.). 
 
 Sozial Demokxat. 
 
 See same title under Zurich, Switzerland. 
 
 Spectatob (d). May— June, Dec, 1711, 5 nos. 
 
 Bound with Old English Newspapers, 1681-1799. 
 
 f 493 1 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 London, Eng., continued: 
 
 Same. Aug. — Oct., 1711. 
 
 Bound with British Apollo, 1709-10. 
 
 Spectator (w). Vols. 43-53, 55. 1870-80; 1882. Indexed. 12 v. P. 
 
 Sporting Life. Apr. 18, 1860. 
 
 Standabd. 1859, 3 nog. 
 
 Stab (d). Nov., 1788— Feb., 1789 (incomp.). Nov. 23, 1802; 185«- 
 60, 3 nos. Fo. 
 
 Statesman (d). July— Dec, 180Q, 56 nos. Fs. 
 Bound with English Newspapers, 1806. 
 
 Sun (d). 1802. F<s. 
 
 Tatler. Jan. 11, 1710. 
 
 Bound with British Apollo, 1709-10. 
 
 Telegraph (d). 1859-60, 4 nos.; Mar. 9, 1863. 
 
 Telegraphic Journal (w). Vols. 1-2. Nov., 1872 — Dec., 1874. 2 v. O. 
 
 Telephone Review (m). Vol. 1. No. 1. Mar., 1906. 
 
 Templar (w), temperance. Oct. — Dec., 1871; 1872-79. 5 v. F. 
 
 Styled Templar and Temperance Journal, July, 1877 ; and Temperance 
 Journal and Treasury, Jan., 1879. 
 
 Test (w). Nov., 1756— July, 1757. Q. 
 
 Satirical political journal ; supported the government. See Contest. ' 
 
 Times (d). Nov., 1831— Jan., 1834; 1835-44; Oct., 1849-1853; 1837; 
 1861-1909; 228 v. F6. 1910+ 
 
 Founded Jan., 1785, by John Walter. Styled Daily Universal Register 
 till Jan. 1, 1788. Managed by head of Walter family till 1908, but policy 
 directed by the editor. In 1908 incorporated as limited company, the 
 chairmanship of the board of directors being hereditary in Walter family. 
 Independent, broadly Imperialist Unionist; favors fiscal reform. 
 
 Weekly Times. 1879— June, 1882; July, 1883— June, 1888; Nov., 1888— 
 Mar., 1890; Apr., 1896+ 41 v. Fb. 
 
 Same. Index. 1812 — Mar., 1905. 364 v. O. 
 
 To-Day (m). 1885, 5 nos.; 1S86, 5 nos. O. 
 Founded 1882. 
 
 To-Day (m). June, 1887. 
 Founded 1885. 
 
 Trade Unionist (w). Sept., 1891 — Mar., 1892. F». 
 
 [494] 
 
United Kingdom 
 
 Trade Unionist (m). 1899, 4 nos. 
 
 •Traveller (d). Jan. — Aug., 1806, 39 nos.; Aug. — Dec., 1806, 27 nos. 
 Bound with English Newspapers, 1805, 1806. 
 
 Teue Briton (d). Nov. 2, 3, 7, 1820. 
 
 Bound with London Chronicle, etc., 1813-20. 
 
 Tbue Briton (s-w). June, 1723— Feb., 1724. F. 
 
 Tbue Bbiton (w). Jan. — June, 1751. Indexed. O. 
 
 True Domestics: Intelligence (s-w). May 4-14, 1680. 
 Bound with London Gazette, 1680. 
 
 Tbue News, or Mercurius Angllcus (s-w). May 1-15, 1680. 
 Bound with London Gazette, 1680. 
 
 Tbue Pbotestant (Domestick) Intelligence (s-w). .May 7-14, 168ft. 
 Bound with London Gazette, 1680. 
 
 Tbuth (w). Oct 9, 1902. 
 
 Universal Spectator (w). Aug., 1730 — Aug., 1735 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Vanity Fair, Cartoons from (w). 1869-73. F*. 1874-79. 3 T. F». 
 
 War Cry (w). Vols. 9, 11-17. July— Dec, 1887; July— Dec., 1888; 
 1889-91. Indexed. 8 v. F». 
 Organ of Salvation Army. 
 
 Westminster Gazette (d). July, 1910+ 2 vols. F«. 
 
 Whisperer (w). Feb., 1770— Jan., 1772. Q. 
 
 Independent Whig (w). Mar., 1809-13. 5 v. F«. 
 
 Woman Worker (m). No. 1. Sept., 1907. 
 
 Women's Industrial News (q). Mar., 1903. 
 
 Women's Union Journal (m). Vols. 1-9. 1876— Sept., 1884. O. 
 
 Worker's Friend. Yiddish. Aug. 15, 1887. 
 
 World (w). 1753-1756. 4 v. Q. 
 
 Young Soldier. 
 
 See Little Soldier. 
 
 Manchester, Eog. 
 
 Advertiser. June 18, 1859. j 
 
 Alliance News (w), temperance. 1878-92. 15 v. F«. 
 
 [495] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 Manchester Eng., continued: 
 
 Co-Operative News (w). Sept., 1871-77; 1879-82; 1885-92; 1894-1903; 
 also 1878, 1883-84, 1893, 1904 (incomp.). 31 v. F; F5;F. 
 
 Co-Opeeatoe (s-m). Jan.— 'Aug., 1867; Sept., 1867 — Mar., 1868, 8 nos. 
 Q. 
 
 Universal Engineer (w). Feb. — Aug., 1879. F*. 
 
 Examinee and Times. Feb. 11, 1865. 
 
 Manchester Guabdian (d). Nov. 15, 1858; Aug., 1909+ 6 v. F« 
 
 Typographical Circular (m). June, 1906. 
 
 Newport, Eng. 
 Monmouthshire Meelin. June 12, 1858. 
 
 Northampton, Eng. 
 Northampton Mercury (w). Oct. 17, 1726; Sept., 1730— Aug., 1735 
 (incomp.). F. 
 
 Oxford, Eng. 
 
 Meecurius Aulicus (w). July — Sept., 1643; Jan. — Oct., 1644, 22 nos.; 
 Jan.— Aug., 1645, 13 nos. O. 
 
 Paignton, Eng. 
 
 Herald of Golden Age (m). 1905+ O-F. 
 See same title under London. 
 
 Plymouth, Eng. 
 
 Western Morning News. Jan. 21, 24,* 1860. 
 
 Portsmouth, Eng. 
 
 Hampshire Telegraph. July 31, 1815.' 
 
 Bound with London Chronicle, etc., 1813-20. 
 
 Rochester, Eng. 
 
 Rochester Gazette. July 13, 27, 1858. 
 
 Salisbury, Eng. 
 
 Salisbury and Winchester Journal (w). 1774-78, scat. nos. F". 
 
 Sheffield, Eng. 
 
 Socialist (m). Aug., Sept., 1877. ! 
 
 [496] 
 
United Kingdom- West Indies 
 
 Sherborne, Eng. 
 
 Weekly Entebtaineb. 1805. 2 v. O. 
 
 Southampton, Eng. 
 
 Hampshire Chronicle (w). Oct. 10, 1774; May 4-18, 1778. 
 
 Bound with St. James Chronicle, 1774. 
 Hampshire Independent. June 19, 1858. 
 
 Wellington, Eng. 
 
 Wellington Joubnal. July 10, 1858. 
 
 Weston-Super-Mare, Eng. 
 
 Gazette. June 26, 1858. 
 
 Woolwich, Eng. 
 
 Combadeship (m). 1898-99, 3 nos.; Feb., 1900 — Mar., 1904 (incomp.). 
 
 O. ; ; : 
 
 Labotjb Journal. Oct., 1901; Mar., 1902. 
 Pioneeb (w). June 26, Dec. 18, 1908. 
 
 Venezuela 
 
 Caracas 
 Gaceta Cientifica de Venezuela (s-m; w, 1878). Aug., 1877 — Mar., 1878. 
 Indexed. F. 
 
 West Indies 
 Bridgetown 
 
 Barbados Mebcuby and Bridgetown Gazette (s-w). Apr., 1832J 5 nos. 
 Bound with Span.-Amer., Scanrl., and Oriental Newspapers, 1822-93. 
 
 Cap Francois 
 
 Moniteur General de la Partie Franchise de Saint Domingue (d). 
 Vols. 1-4. Nov., 1791— June, 1793. 3 v. Q. 
 
 Kingston 
 
 Jamaica Mebctjby and Kingston Weekly Advertiser. May — July, 1779. 
 
 Q. 
 Koyal Gazette (w). 1782. Indexed. Q. 
 32— N. C. [ 497 ] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 IV. Miscellaneous Collections 
 
 United States 
 
 Agricultural Newspapers. 1866-68. F«. 
 Insurance Journals. 1871-77. Q. 
 Liberia Colonization Newspapers. 1830-63. F«. 
 Local Newspapers — Albany, N. Y. 1800. F«. 
 
 Central Western. 1861-69. 
 
 Eastern and Western. 1841-49. Ft. 
 
 Kansas, Oregon, and Washington. 1856-62. Ft. 
 
 Maryland and Virginia. 1792-95. F*. 
 
 Massachusetts. 1791-1800. Fs. 
 
 Michigan. 1855J-67. F«. 
 
 Middle. 1821-30. F<s. 
 
 Middle and Southern. 1851-60. Ft. 
 
 Middle and Southern. 1861-66. 
 
 > Middle and Western. 1801-10. F«. 
 
 ■ Middle and Western. 1811-20. F«. 
 
 Middle and Western. 1831-40. Ft. 
 
 Missouri and Kansas. 1862-67. Ft. 
 
 New England. 1791-1800. Fs. 
 
 New England. 1801-10. Fs. 
 
 New England. 1811-20; 1821-30. 2 v. Fs. 1831-401, with 
 
 Maine Cultivator, 1840-41. 
 
 New Orleans, La. 1861-64; 1863. 2 v. F«. 
 
 New York City and Philadelphia. 1801-10. F<>. 
 
 Ohio. 1863-69. Ft. 
 
 [498] 
 
Collections 
 
 Richmond, Va. 1862-75. F?. 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 1864-69. Fs. 
 
 Sandwich Islands. 1834-58. F'. 
 
 Southern. 1808. F«. 
 
 Southern. 1811-20. F«. 
 
 Staunton, Va. 1864-78. 
 
 Virginia. 1862-80. Fs. 
 
 Western. 1851-60. Ft. 
 
 Norwegian Newspapers — California and "Washington. 1895-96. F«. 
 
 Chicago. 1895-96. 2 v. F5; Fa. 
 
 Minnesota. 1895-96. F«. 
 
 North and South Dakota. 1895-96. F«. 
 
 St. Paul, Minnesota. 1893-96. Fs. 
 
 Religious Newspapers. 1861-69. Ft. 
 
 Second Adventist Newspapers. 1842-47. F*. 
 
 Foreign 
 
 English Newspapers. 1805; 1806. 2 v. F<s. 
 
 Russian, Japanesei, and other Newspapers. 1870—93. Ft. 
 
 Contains, among others: St. Petersburg Viedomosti (d), June 18, 
 1815, and Dec. 22. 1816; Russki Mir, July 12, 1876; Oolos, Apr. 8, 1875; 
 Odessa Yietttnil;, Sept. 1:\ 1S7S; Bnuth African Advertiser, Cape Town, 
 Feb. 20, 1864 ; Hawaiian Gazette, Nov. 29, 1892 ; N. Y. Volks-Advocat 
 (Hebrew), Aug. 10, Nov. 16, 1888; Triunjo, Santiago de Cuba, May 13, 
 1893. 
 
 Spanish-American, Scandinavian, and Oriental Newspapers. 1822-93. 
 F<\ 
 
 Contains amonc nUvrs : AspiniraU Courier, Asplnwall, New Granada 
 (TJ. S. of Colombia). 18">r,-r>7, 5 nos ; l^innmarksposten, Hammerfest, 
 Norway. Nov.-Pec, 1892. 3 nos.: Gaceta de Colombia, Bogota, Dec. 29, 
 1822; Levant Herald, Constantinople, Oct. 10, 1860; Madagascar Times, 
 Antananarivo. 1SR6-S9. 5 nos. ; Me*sager de Tahiti, Papeete, 1883, 2 
 nos.; Rcminario Artisiico, Mexico, Feb. 9, 1844 (initial number); Siam 
 Weekly Advertiser, Bangkok, May, 1881, 2 nos.; also various journals in 
 Arabic, Syriac, and Chinese. 
 
 [499] 
 
Newspaper Catalogue 
 
 V. Newspaper Scrap-books 
 
 Most of the newspaper clippings collected for the Library are now 
 mounted in pamphlet form, being catalogued and classified as pamph- 
 lets; but earlier in the Library's career, indexed scrap-books were 
 utilized, as they still are in the field of Wisconsin necrology. A large 
 share of the scrap-books listed below were, however, acquired by gift 
 or purchase: 
 
 1752-94. Ms. extracts from early newspapers — Middle States, South, 
 and Middle West. Indexed. 5 v. D. 
 
 In Draper Mss., 1,4JJ and 33S. Transcribed by Dr. Lyman C. Draper 
 from rare flies. The extracts are contemporaneous accounts of the Revo- 
 lutionary War and early Western settlements, being chiefly from the 
 Maryland Gazette. Maryland, Journal, Pennsylvania Gazette, Pennsyl- 
 vania Journal, Philadelphia General Advertiser, Kentuche Gazette 
 (1787-95), and Columbian Magazine. There' are also a few extracts from 
 papers of later dates, but bearing upon the period 1752-94. 
 
 1758—1802 — English newspaper clippings. Q. 
 
 Contains unaccredited items relative to America, 1758—84 ; and to Eng- 
 land, 1784-1802. In the latter section, are a considerable number of re- 
 ports of proceedings, in the Court of King's Bench, 1801. 
 
 1787-88. — Ms. extracts from Kentucke Gazette (Lexington), Aug., 1787- 
 Dec. 1788. Q. 
 Draper Mss., 18CC. This volume of transcriptions, and the succeed- 
 ing six volumes of clippings, were made by Rev. John D. Shane, an early 
 Kentucky historian, for use in his work. 
 
 1794—1846. — Western history and antiquities; biographical and obitu- 
 ary sketches. Indexed. Q. 
 Draper Mss., 11CC. 
 
 1823—50. — 'Historical, literary, and miscellaneous clippings from West- 
 ern newspapers. Fs. 
 Draper Mss., 14CC. 
 
 1829-49. — Historical, scientific, and descriptive clippings. Indexed. F 5 . 
 Draper Mss., 13CC. 
 
 18351-49. — Literary and historical clippings. Indexed. F. 
 Draper Mss., 12CC. 
 
 1846-54. — Western history, biography, etc. Q. 
 Draper Mss., 16CC. 
 
 [500] 
 
Scrap-books 
 
 1827-47. — Western history, legends, description, literary notices, etc. 
 Q. 
 
 Draper Mss., 19CC. Contains several early allusions to Wisconsin. 
 
 1846+— Wisconsin necrology. 11 v. Indexed. Q. 
 
 Newspaper obituaries of pioneers and other prominent citizens of the 
 State. The collection is carefully and systematically made by members 
 of the Library staET. 
 
 1834-97. — Wisconsin local history. 2 v. 0. 
 
 Clippings preserved by Mary B. Stewart of Milwaukee, one of them re- 
 lating specifically to that city. 
 
 1848-59. — The West in the Revolution. Q. 
 
 Clippings by Dr. Draper, from various Western newspapers — incidents 
 of Revolutionary warfare, biographical sketches of its heroes, and of In- 
 dians, etc. 
 
 1852-58. — Connecticut history. 12 v. Q. 
 
 Clippings bearing upon Connecticut history. 
 
 1859-66. — American War of Secession; and politics. 24 v., of which 
 
 6 are indexed. 0. to F. 
 
 Miscellaneous collection of reports of presidential conventions, cam- 
 paign songs, and odds and ends of political and war news. 
 
 1861-62.— War of Secession. 
 
 Clippings preserved by Mrs. W. A. P. Morris of Madison, Wis. 
 
 1861-62. — "Adventures of Iron Brigade Man," by Capt. R. K. Beecham, 
 of 2d Wis.; "Rosendale Squad," by Adjt. J. M. Waterman, of 1st 
 Wis. Cav. 
 
 1861-65. — Correspondence of Wisconsin volunteers, in American War 
 of Secession. 10 v. F. (Ms. index). 
 
 Letters written to home papers by Wisconsin volunteers, giving com- 
 pany and regimenial nesvs. The clippings are classified by regiments and 
 batteries, and form a rich quarry for regimental historians, a*ong the 
 line of minor events. 
 
 1861-65. — Contemporary rosters of Wisconsin volunteers (1861-65). 
 3 v. F. 
 Classified by the different arms of the service. 
 
 1861-65. — War reminiscences. 
 
 Published mostly in Milwaukee Sunday Telegraph, 1887-90. 
 
 1861-65'. — War-time clippings. 9 v. Q. 
 
 Collected by Col. Carl C. Pope of Black River Falls. 
 
 r 501] 
 
Index 
 
 Aalbokq (Denmark) papers, 472. 
 
 Aasgaard, M. A., 355. 
 
 Abbeville (La.) papers, 76. 
 
 Abbey, Chauncey, 205. 
 
 Abbot, Francis B., 98. 
 
 Abbott, Edward, 100. 
 
 Abbott, Lyman, 167. 
 
 Abbott, W. L., 316, 319, 332, 406, 429. 
 
 Abbott, Willis J., 35, 123. 
 
 Abell, Armah S., 85, 86, 253. 
 
 Aberdeen (S. Dak.) papers, 267. 
 
 Abernathy, William J., 126. 
 
 Abingdon (Va.) papers, 280. 
 
 Abolitionist papers, 94, 100. See also 
 
 Anti-Slavery. 
 Abraham, Robert, 46S. 
 Abrahamson, Rev. L. G., 55. 
 Acherman, W. D., 299. 
 Acheson, E. F., 261. 
 Acheson, G. W., 261. 
 Achey, Dr. Fred A., 239. 
 Adair, H. M„ 59. 
 Adair, J. L., 59. 
 Adames, W. J., 134. 
 Adams. See Newcomb & Adams. 
 Adams, Abijah, 91. 
 Adams, Amos, 9. 
 Adams, Charles, 16. 
 Adams, Charles B„ 349. 
 Adams, Frederick U., 42. 
 Adams, G. W., 375. 
 Adams, H. W., 167. 
 Adams, Henry C, 362. 
 Adams, Isaac, 81. 
 Adams, J. A., 32. 
 Adams, J. Q., 252. 
 Adams, J. R., 54. 
 Adams, James, 108. 
 Adams, John, 95. 
 Adams, John Quincy, campaign paper, 
 
 84, 120. 
 Adams, John R., 112. 
 Adams, Joseph T., 90. 
 Adams, Samuel, 88, 91. 
 Adams, Samuel Hopkins, 193. 
 Adams, Thomas, 91. 
 
 Adams, W. L., 235. 
 
 Adams & Bishop, 181. 
 
 Adams & Thorp, 154. 
 
 Adamson, R. E., 302. 
 
 Addis, Henry, 236. 
 
 Addison, Thomas, 266. 
 
 Addison, Walter E., 283. 
 
 Adelaide (S. Aus.) pap,ers, 465. 
 
 Adelberg, R., 385. 
 
 Adgate, L. J., 408. 
 
 Adsit, Byron, D., 53. 
 
 Adventist papers, 6, 87, 105, 108, 119, 
 141, 184, 186, 205, 207, 218, 255, 
 499. 
 
 Advertising interests, papers, 32, 164, 
 173, 181, 191. 
 
 Affleck, Thomas, 217. 
 
 Ager, Waldemar, 322. 
 
 Agnus, Felix, 82. 
 
 Agricu'tural papers (Cal.), 9; (Conn.), 
 13; (D. C), 21; (Ga.), 29; (111.), 
 35, 36; (Ind.), 61; (Iowa), 65, 66; 
 (Kans.), 71; (Ky.), 74; (Maine), 80; 
 (Md.), 83, 87; (Mass.), 94, 108; 
 (Mich.), 119; (Minn.), 126, 129; 
 (MoA, 1.35, 137; (Nebr.), 141, 142; 
 (N. H.), 145; (N. T.), 151, 173, 185, 
 189, 193, 205, 206; (Ohio), 217, 
 223, 232; (Oregon), 235; (Pa.), 24„ ; 
 (S. Dak.), 268; (Tex.) 274; (Utah), 
 276 ; (Wis.), 330, 338, 341, 351, 361- 
 363, 369. 379, 380, 388, 390, 425, 
 426, 436, 445, 452 ; miscellaneous, 
 498. 
 
 Ah-ha-cho-ka, Wisconsin Indian, 428. 
 
 Ahlstrom, Herbert, 334. 
 
 Ahnapee (Wis.) papers, 293. 
 
 Ahnert, Otto J., 348. 
 
 Aiken, John, 205. 
 
 Aikens, A. J., 381, 399. 
 
 Ainslle, John, 271. 
 
 Ainsworth (Iowa) papers, 63. 
 
 Aitkin, Benjamin, 169. 
 
 Ake, Eli D., 134. 
 
 Ake & Miller, 134. 
 
 Afcers, Dwigbt L., 34. 
 
 503] 
 
Index 
 
 Akin, Sabrie G., 124. 
 
 Akron (Ohio) papers, 212. 
 
 Akureyri (Iceland) papers, 477. 
 
 Alabama papers, 1, 2. 
 
 Alameda County (Cal.) papers, 6. 
 
 Alaska papers, 2. 
 
 Alba (Tex.) papers, 273. 
 
 Alban, James S., 418. 
 
 Alban, Stephen H., 418. 
 
 "Albany Regency," organ, 150. 
 
 Albany (N. Y.) papers. 150-153, 498. 
 
 Albany (Wis.) papers, 293, 294. 
 
 Alberg, H. J., 443. 
 
 Alberg, Swan & Co., 443. 
 
 Alberson, W. F., 213. 
 
 Albert, Rev. A. B.- P., 76. 
 
 Albert Lea (Minn.), papers, 124. 
 
 Albertson, Ralph, 28, 80. 
 
 Albion (Wis.) papers, 294. 
 
 Albrecht, Charles, 221. 
 
 Alden, G. S., 111. 
 
 Alden, H. M., 177. 
 
 Alden, J. W., 94, 190. 
 
 Alden, Levi, 342, 364. 
 
 Alden, Levi K., 426, 427. 
 
 Aldrich, M. A., 389, 392. 
 
 Aldrich, Thomas Bailey, 179. 
 
 Alexander, A. S., 36. 
 
 Alexander, Charles, 241, 252. 
 
 Alexander, Fred Z., 318, 352. 
 
 Alexander, James, 435. 
 
 Alexander, James W., 253. 
 
 Alexander, Robert, 253. 
 
 Alexander, Robert C, 183. 
 
 Alexander (N. T.) papers, 153. 
 
 Alexandria (La.) papers, 76. 
 
 Alexandria (Va.) papers, 280, 281. 
 
 Algoma (Wis.) papers, 294. 
 
 Alhambra (Cal.) papers, 4. 
 
 Alien and Sedition laws enforced, 91, 
 
 169. 
 Allan, John M., 287. 
 Allegheny (Pa.) papers. 237. 
 Allegre. See Tyler, Wise & Allegre. 
 Allen. See Ely & Allen. 
 Allen, A., 51. 
 Allen, C. C, 214. 
 Allen, C. H., 363. 
 
 Allen, C. J., 399, 412, 413, 432, 458. 
 Allen, Charles, 58. 
 Allen, E. P., 168. 
 Allen, Frank, 444. 
 Allen, G. W., 444. 
 Allen, George W., 110, 255. 
 Allen, J. M., 14. 
 Allen, J. W., 96. 
 Allen, John M., 277. 
 
 Allen, L., 164. 
 
 Allen, Paul, 83, 252. 
 
 Allen Phil, 369. 
 
 Allen, Phinehas, 115. 
 
 Allen S. B., 301. 
 
 Allen, Thomas S., 413, 414. 
 
 Allen, W. C, 406. 
 
 Allen, William, 378. 
 
 Allentown (Pa.) papers, 237. 
 
 Alliance (Ohio) papers, 213. 
 
 Allinson, D., 146. 
 
 Allinson, W. J., 246. 
 
 Allis, E. P., 397. 
 
 Allison, H. O., 228. 
 
 Allison, John, 351. 
 
 Allison, Mrs. M. L., 351. 
 
 Allison, W. R., 232, 340. 
 
 Allison, William L., 173. 
 
 Alma (Wis.) papers, 294, 295. 
 
 Alma Center (Wis.) papers, 294. 
 
 Alpers. See Watson & Alpers. 
 
 Althen, Fred W., 449. 
 
 Alton (111.) papers, 30. 
 
 Altona (Denmark) papers, 472. 
 
 Alvord, S. W., 260. 
 
 Ambruster, Watson, 255. 
 
 Amel, F. L., 434. 
 
 American Antiquarian Society, founder, 
 118. 
 
 American Anti-slavery society organ, 
 21, 163. See also Anti-slavery pa- 
 pers. 
 
 American Book Company, legal case, 
 126. 
 
 American Board of Foreign Missions, 
 organ, 93, 102. 
 
 American Forestry Association, organ, 
 21. 
 
 American Library Association publica- 
 tions, 31, 182. See also Library. 
 
 American Missionary Association, or- 
 gan, 185. See also Missionary. 
 
 American party. See "Know-Nothing." 
 
 American Peace Society, organ, 88. 
 
 American Protective Tariff League, or- 
 gan, 172. 
 
 American Tract Society, organ, 201. 
 
 Amery (Wis.) papers, 294. 
 
 Ames, C. B., 179. 
 
 Ames. Charles G., 90. 
 
 Ames, Fisher, 101. 
 
 Ames, Seth, 112. 
 
 Amsterdam (Holland) papers, 477. 
 
 Amsterdam (N. T.) papers, 153. 
 
 Amundsen, B., 65. 
 
 Anaconda (Mont.) papers, 140. 
 
 [504] 
 
Index 
 
 Anarchist papers, 32, 37, 41, 100, 104, 
 
 175, 180, 237, 487. 
 Ancona (Italy) papers, 477. 
 Anderson, Miss — , 377. 
 Anderson, A. M., 334. 
 Anderson, David H., 39, 391. 
 Anderson, E. M., 371. 
 Anderson, E. W., 447. 
 Anderson, G. E., 438. 
 Anderson, J. S., 371. 
 Anderson, John, 47, 171. 
 Anderson, Nils, 49. 
 Anderson, E. M., 271. 
 Anderson, Rasmus B., 357. 
 Anderson, W. D., 27. 
 Anderson (Ind.) papers, 59. 
 Andrfi, Maj. John, captured, 193. 
 Andrews. See Freeman & Andrews ; also 
 
 McElroy, Shoppel & Andrews. 
 Andrews, A. P., 309. 
 Andrews, Augustus O., 263. 
 Andrews, C. W., 458. 
 Andrews, E. A., 353. 
 Andrews, Elenora, 325. 
 Andrews, P. E., 307. 
 Andrews, Ferdinand, 107, 115. 
 Andrews, J. E., 307. 
 Andrews, J. N., 6. 
 Andrews, John, 214, 259. 
 Andrews, L. M., 307, 422. 
 Andrews, Loring, 116, 150, 203. 
 Andrews, Marilla, 325. 
 Andrews, R. A., 366. 
 Andrews, William, 158. 
 Andridge, A. A., 445. 
 Angell, George T., 94. 
 Angler, Aaron, 278. 
 Ar.karfelt. F. W., 49. 
 Ankeny, T. C, 306. 450. 
 Ann Arbor, (Mich.) papers, 119. 
 Annapolis (Md.) papers, 82. 
 Ansley, T. S., 400. 
 
 Antananarivo (Madagascar) papers, 499. 
 Antes, R. M., 325. 
 Anthony, Daniel R., 70. 
 Anthony, Daniel R. Jr., 70. 
 Anthony, Gov. George J., 71. 
 Anthony, J., 7. 
 Anthony, Susan B., 193. 
 Anti-Federalist papers (Pa.), 246. See 
 
 also Democratic-Republican. 
 Anti-Masonic party papers (Mass.), 88, 
 
 95. 110, 117; (N. T.), 152; (Vt.), 
 
 278, 279. 
 Anti-monopoly papers, 103, 181, 188. 
 Anti-saloon League, organ, 224, 377, 
 
 381. See also Temperance. 
 
 Anti-secession papers (Tenn.), 268. 
 
 Anti-slavery papers (D. C.) 21; (Mass.), 
 90, 92, 94, 99, 100, 117; (N. H.), 
 143, 144; (N. Y.), 150, 153, 
 154, 163, 172, 190, 200, 206, 209; 
 (Ohio), 217, 219-221, 230, 231; 
 (Pa.), 244; (Vt.), 277, 278; (Wis.), 
 327, 338, 356, 362, 386, 425, 434, 
 453. See also Free Soil and Liberty 
 party. 
 
 Anti-socialist papers, 487. 
 
 Anti-suffrage papers, 90. 
 
 Anti-vivisection papers, 257. 
 
 Antigo (Wis.) papers, 295. 
 
 Antisdel, Louis M., 206. 
 
 Antwerp (Belgium) papers, 466. 
 
 Apalachicola (Fla.) papers, 26. 
 
 Apostle Islands, described, 301. 
 
 Appel, Monte F., 359. 
 
 Appleton D., & Co., 163. 
 
 Appleton (Wis.) papers, 295-297, 328, 
 372. 
 
 Arabic papeTs, 499. 
 
 Arbitration papers, 164. 
 
 Arcadia (Wis.) papers, 297. 
 
 Architects' papers, 88. 
 
 Arena (Wis.) papers, 297, 298. 
 
 Argabrite, — , 292. 
 
 Argenta (Ark.) papers, 3. 
 
 Argentine Republic papers, 465. 
 
 Arizona papers, 2, 3. 
 
 Arkansas papers, 3, 4. 
 
 Armour, Andrew, 468. 
 
 Armour, Robert, 468. 
 
 Armstrong. See Belcher & Armstrong; 
 also Dinkle & Armstrong; and Kin- 
 ney, Armstrong & Marshall. 
 
 Armstrong, A., 33. 
 
 Armstrong, G., 213. 
 
 Armstrong, George C. 65. 
 
 Armstrong, James, 261, 343. 
 
 Armstrong, S. C, 282. 
 
 Armstrong, Samuel T., 100, 102. 
 
 Armstrong & Moyer, 72. 
 
 Armstrong, Telford & Co., 259. 
 
 Army and Navy papers, 164, 201, 262. 
 
 Arndt, C. C. P., 336. 
 
 Amdt, W. T., 359. 
 
 Arnold, Augustus C. L., 176. 
 
 Arnold, G. S., 155. 
 
 Arnold, George, 201. 
 
 Arnold, W. B., 305. 
 
 "Artemas Ward." See C. F. Browne. 
 
 Arthur. See Lewis & Arthur. 
 
 Arthur, P. M., 206. 
 
 Arthur, T. S., 84. 
 
 [505 
 
Index 
 
 Art papers (N. X.), 162, 171. See 
 
 also Literary. 
 Arveson, A. C, 433. 
 Ashbaugh, H. C, 321. 
 Ashland (Ohio) papers, 213. 
 Ashland (Wis.) papers, 298. 
 Ashley, Timothy, 15. 
 Ashley, Thomas, 115. 
 Ashtabula (Ohio) papers, 229. 
 Ashton, Ellen, 445. 
 Ashton, W. G., 422. 
 Ashton, Washington, 445. 
 Aspinwall (New Granada) papers, 499. 
 Astronomical papers, 109. 
 Atchison (Kans.) papers, 67. 
 Athens (Pa.) papers, 237. 
 Athens (Tenn.) papers, 268. 
 Atherton, Charles E., 184. 
 Atherton, E. E., 294. 
 Atkins, John, 12. 
 Atkins, Smith D., 58. 
 Atkinson, — , 241. 
 Atkinson, Anna E., 326. 
 Atkinson, Claude M., 326. 
 Atkinson, James, 362. 
 Atkinson, James F., 326. 
 Atkinson, Percy C, 322. 
 Atkinson, Samuel C, 252. 
 Atkinson, W. K., 322. 
 Atkinson, Wilmer, 245. 
 Atlanta (Ga.) papers, 23, 24, 27, 271. 
 Atwater Caleb, 214. 
 Atwater, E. E., 167. 
 Atwater, J. E., 344, 452. 
 Atwood, A., 448. 
 Atwood, Charles D., 364. 
 Atwood, David, 342, 361-364, 366. 
 Atwood, David Jr., 342. 
 Auburn (N. Y.) papers, 153, 154. 
 Auckland (N. Z.) papers, 479. 
 Augusta (Ga.) papers, 27. 
 Augusta (Wis.) papers, 299. 
 Augustin, C. F., 376. 
 Augustin, C. J., 333, 376. 
 Augustin, G. E., 376. 
 Austin, Benjamin, 91. 
 Austin, Gus O., 311. 
 Austin, S. P., 258. 
 Austin (Tex.) papers, 273. 
 Auston, J. E. T., 56. 
 Australian papers, 465, 466. 
 Austrian papers, 466. 
 Averill, Joseph K., 331, 448. 
 Axtell, J. M., 379, 416. 
 Axtell, L., 416. 
 Axtell, OrJa B., 416. 
 Axtell, Eobert A., 349, 416. 
 
 Ayers, J. J., 4. 
 
 Ayers & Lynch, 5. 
 
 Ayers & Wade, 286. 
 
 Ayr (Wis.). See Crandon (Wis.) 
 
 Babbitt, Ellen C, 38. 
 
 Babcock, Amos, 309. 
 
 Babcock, Elisha, 14. 
 
 Babcock, George, 440. 
 
 Babcock, J. W., 439. 
 
 Babcock, James F., 16. 
 
 Babcock, John M. L., 101. 
 
 Babcock, M. J., 294. 
 
 Babcock, Samuel, 258. 
 
 Babcock, Heath & Stevens, 126. 
 
 Baber, George, 396. 
 
 Baehaud-Vertefeuille, Louis J., 130. 
 
 Bache, B. F., 240, 241. 
 
 Bachman, — , 341. 
 
 Bachmann, Charles G., 242. 
 
 Bachtenkirdher, D., 438. 
 
 Backus, E., 291. 
 
 Backus & Whiting, 150. 
 
 Bacon, A. M., 282. 
 
 Bacon, Edwin Munroe, 88, 97, 103. 
 
 Bacon, George A., 224. 
 
 Bacon, E. O., 291. 
 
 Bacon, W. D., 453, 454. 
 
 Bad Axe, battle described, 318. 
 
 Badger, Charles E., 317, 322. 
 
 Badger, J. S., 333, 354. 
 
 Badger & Tubbs, 415. 
 
 Bading, J., 385. 
 
 Baensch, Emil, 371. 
 
 Baensch & Gennrich, 371. 
 
 Baenziger, John, 351. 
 
 Bagg. See Brag, Brawley & Bagg. 
 
 Bagg, A. S., 120. 
 
 Bagg, John S., 120. 
 
 Bagg, S. A., 120. 
 
 Bagg, Harmon & Co., 120. 
 
 Bagger, j. J., 292. 
 
 Baginski, Max, 175. 
 
 Bagwell, John D., 21. 
 
 Bahusen, C. F., 212. 
 
 Baier, A., 372. 
 
 Bailey. See Smith, Bailey & Co. ; also 
 
 Williams & Bailey. 
 Bailey, D. E., 299. 
 Bailey, Daniel S., 161. 
 Bailey, E., 267. 
 Bailey, E. C, 144. 
 Bailey, Francis, 245. 
 Bailey, Gamaliel, 21, 220. 
 Bailey, Harry, 430, 450. 
 Bailey, J. M., 423. 
 Bailey, John C, 267. 
 
 [506] 
 
Index 
 
 Bailey, L. D., 430. 
 
 Bailey, W. C, 303. 
 
 Bailey, W. P., 460. 
 
 Bailey, William E., 291. 
 
 Bailhaclie, John, 214, 225. 
 
 Bailhache, N. H., 431. 
 
 Bailhache, W. H., 58. 
 
 Bainbridge (Ohio) papers, 213. 
 
 Baine, C. L., 105. 
 
 Baird, Chalmers S., 298. 
 
 Baird, Mrs. Elizabeth T., 335. 
 
 Baird, Henry S., 336. 
 
 Baird, J. H., 272. 
 
 Baker, A. S. & Son, 277. 
 
 Baker, Benjamin M., 274. 
 
 Baker, C. O., 311. 
 
 Baker, C. W., 325. 
 
 Baker, Clarence W., 296. 
 
 Baker, E., 158. 
 
 Baker, Edward L., 58. 
 
 Baker, F. P., 71. 
 
 Baker, George C, 293. 
 
 Baker, H., 158. 
 
 Baker, I. N., 255. 
 
 Baker, J. D., 274. 
 
 Baker, John, 31. 
 
 Baker, John K., 277. 
 
 Baker, Joseph, 293, 296, 317, 341, 342. 
 
 Baker, Lewis, 130, 226. 
 
 Baker, Page, 78. 
 
 Baker, W. G., 261. 
 
 Baker, William, 96. 
 
 Baker & Cochran, 277. 
 
 Bakers' papers, 32, 148, 154, 164, 222. 
 
 Balch, J. O., 161. 
 
 Balch, William R.. 241, 253. 
 
 Baldwin, Charles W., 97. 
 
 Baldwin, J. D., 14. 
 
 Baldwin, J. S., 118. 
 
 Baldwin, John D., 118. 
 
 Baldwin (Wis.) papers, 299, 337. 
 
 Ball, Truman F., 297, 315, 332. 
 
 Ballantyne, James F., 46. 
 
 Ballard, Davis C, 103. 
 
 Ballou, Adin, 113, 114, 347. 
 
 Ballou, D. W., 334, 452. 
 
 Ballou, Maturin M., 97. 
 
 Ballou, P. A., 117. 
 
 Baltimore (Md. ) papers, 20, 22, 82-86. 
 
 Baltuff, Valentine, 313. 
 
 Bandlow, Robert, 223. 
 
 Bang, W. F., & Co., 272. 
 
 Bangkok (Siam) papers, 499. 
 
 Bangor (Maine) papers, 79. 
 
 Bangs, John Kendrick, 177. 
 
 Bangs, N., 166. 
 
 Bangs. Samuel, 479. 
 
 Bankruptcy papers, 164. 
 
 Bannon, E. P., 453. 
 
 Bantham, Forks & Co., 209. 
 
 Baptist papers, 13, 24, 33, 49, 89, 90, 
 
 95, 97, 117, 165, 209, 277, 278, 360. 
 Baptist (Southern church) papers, 286. 
 Baraboo (Wis.) papers, 299, 300. 
 Barandun, J., 381. 
 Barbee, G. T., 281. 
 Barber, F. E., 451. 
 Barber, Henry, 262. 
 Barber, John, 152. 
 Barber, Joseph, 16. 
 Barber, L. I., 380. 
 Barber, Robert, 152. 
 Barber, W. E., 349. 
 Barbers' papers, 61, 222. 
 Barcelona (Spain) papers, 480. 
 Barclay, E. H., 283. 
 Barclay, Frank F., 79. 
 Bardeen, C. W., 208. 
 Bardon, James, 447. 
 Bardon, Thomas, 447. 
 Bardstown (Ky.) papers, 72. 
 Bardwell, O. F., 374. 
 Barker, John J., 467. 
 Barker, Wharton, 241. 
 Barksdale, F. N., & Co., 281. 
 Barlow, Joel, 14. 
 "Barnaby Rudge," published, 248 ; 
 
 pseudonym, 470. 
 Barnard & Trussell. 127. 
 "Barnburners" party papers, 386. 
 Barnes, Charles J., 293. 
 Barnes, Ed. T., 315. 
 Barnes, H. F., 232. 
 Barnes, Henry W., 315. 
 Barnes, Hosea, 347. 
 Barnes, J. Mahlon, 48. 
 Barnes, James, 214. 
 Barnes, Myron S., 440. 
 Barnes Brothers, 232. 
 Barnes & Moore, 29. 
 Barnesville (Ga.) papers, 28. 
 Barnett, G. A. C, 186. 
 Barney, A. B., 441, 452. 
 Barney, Charles E., 38. 
 Barney, John A., 375. 
 Barney, L., 279. 
 Barney, S. S., 337, 459. 
 Barnfleld, John W., 419. 
 Barns, Henry, 120, 123. 
 Barns. Jacob. 120. 
 Barns, W. E., 136. 
 Rp.ms. Brodhead & Johnson, 120. 
 Barnum, Mark H.. 458. 
 Barnum, J. S., 58. 
 
 T507 
 
Index 
 
 Bamum, P. T., 179. 
 
 Barr. See Coale & Barr. 
 
 Barr, James P., 259. 
 
 Barr & McDonald, 258. 
 
 Barre (Vt.) papers, 22. 
 
 Barrett, Edwin R., 372. 
 
 Barrett, F. O., 412. 
 
 Barrett, Harrison D., 89. 
 
 Barrett, J. H„ 217. 
 
 Barrett, J. O., 328. 
 
 Barrett, J. Pressley, 227. 
 
 Barrett, John E., 260. 
 
 Barrett, Lawrence, 416, 424. 
 
 Barrett, O., 239. 
 
 Barrett, Thomas, & Son, 416. 
 
 Barrett, William E., 88. 
 
 Barricklow, Perry, 135. 
 
 Barrie (Ont.) papers, 467. 
 
 Barron, Henry D., 453. 
 
 Barron (Wis.) papers, 300, 301, 429. 
 
 Barron County (Wis.), emigration to, 
 
 315. 
 Barrow, Washington, 273. 
 Barrows, Samuel J., 90. 
 Barry, A. C, 427. 
 Barry, Charles W., 403. 
 Barry, E. F., 62. 
 Barry, George A., 321, 322, 326. 
 Barry, James H., 10. 
 Barry, William H., 10. 
 Barth, L. G., 297. 
 Barth, P. J., 297. 
 Bartholf, J. C, 379, 393. 
 Bartlett, D. W., 14. 
 Bartlett, E. M., 321. 
 Bartlett, J. K., 70. 
 Bartlett, John E., 293. 
 Bartlett, John S., 162. 
 Bartlett, Dr. Josiah, 101. 
 Bartlett, Junius A., 411. 
 Bartlett, M. H., 14. 
 Bartlett, S. C, 223. 
 Bartlett, Sylvester, 54. 
 Bartley, P., 307, 355. 
 Barton, Col. — , 144. 
 Barton, E., 320. 
 Bascom. See Scott & Bascom. 
 Bascom, Elva L., 31. 
 Bascom, Emma C, 368. 
 Bascom, W. T., 213. 
 Bashford, J. W., 370. 
 Bashford, R. M., 360. 
 Bassett, J. M., 5. 
 Batavia (N. T.) papers, 153, 154. 
 Batavia (Ohio) papers, 213. 
 Batchelor, Eliza E., 425. 
 Batchelor, George, 90. 
 
 Bateman, M. B., 206. 
 
 Bates. See Pettingill, Bates & Co., also 
 
 Steele & Bates. 
 Bates, Elisha, 230. 
 Bates, Morgan Jr., 123. 
 Bates, W. J., 335. 
 Bath, D. W., 314. 
 Bath, Henry D., 313, 420. 
 Bath, Irving, 420. 
 Bath, W. E., 420. 
 Bath (Maine) papers, 79. 
 Bath (N. Y.) papers, 154. 
 Bathgate, J. W., 431. 
 Batte, J. G., 273. 
 Battle, M., 197. 
 
 Battle Creek (Mich.) papers, 119, 123. 
 Bauder, George W., 373. 
 Baumann & Wolfe, 368. 
 Bausman, John, 261. 
 Baxter, Edward H., 453. 
 Baxter, Rev. M., 167. 
 Bayfield (Wis.) papers, 298, 301. 
 Bayles. James C, 184. 
 Bayley, E. F., 417. 
 Beach, A. M., 422. 
 Beach, Alfred E., 194. 
 Beach, Frederick Converse, 194. 
 Beach, Fred E., 461. 
 Beach, Herbert A., 422. 
 Beach, J., 351. 
 Beach, J. B., 461. 
 Beach, Lazarus, 17. 
 Beach, Moses T., 198. 
 Beach, Rev. S. J., 268. 
 Beaeher (111.) papers, 297. 
 Beaconsfleld, Benjamin Disraeli, Lord, 
 
 486. 
 Beal, John S., 339, 340. 
 Beal, Samuel, 337. 
 Beals. See Cady & Seals. 
 Beaman, George H., 279. 
 Bean, Frederick W., 209. 
 Bean, Joseph H., 270. 
 Bean, Sidney A., 453. 
 Beard, Sidney H., 488. 
 Bean & Bantham, 209. 
 Bean & Horton, 209. 
 Beardslee, James, 76. 
 Beardsley. See Edwards & Beardsley. 
 Beardstown (111.) papers, 30. 
 Beatrice (Nebr.) papers, 26, 141. 
 Beaumont, T. W., 272. 
 Beaver (Pa.) papers, 237. 
 Beaver Dam (Wis.) papers, 301, 302, 
 
 369. 
 Beaver Island (Mich.) papers, 450. 
 Becker, Charles H., 359. 
 
 [508] 
 
Ind 
 
 ex 
 
 Beckley, N. M., & Sons, 234. 
 
 Beckwith, Albert C, 323. 
 
 Beckwith, B. S., 323. 
 
 Beebe, E. R., 424. 
 
 Beebe, Ellis E., 30. 
 
 Beebe & Clark, 424. 
 
 Beebee, A. M., 209. 
 
 Beecham, Capt. E. K., 501. 
 
 Beecher, Rev. Edward, 92. 
 
 Beecher, Henry Ward, 52, 167, 179. 
 
 Beekeepers' papers, 433. 
 
 Beer, Frank, 378. 
 
 Beeson, Edward, 328, 329. 
 
 Beeson, John J., 328, 329. 
 
 Belrne, Richard P., 287. 
 
 Belcher, Joshua, 100. 
 
 Belcher & Armstrong, 94. 
 
 Belden, Ebenezer, 196. 
 
 Beldlng, H. H., 66. 
 
 Belfast (Ireland) papers, 481. 
 
 Belfast (Maine) papers, 79. 
 
 Belgian papers, 466. 
 
 Bellsle, David W., 146. 
 
 Belknap & Hall, 88. 
 
 Belknap, E. H.. 158. 
 
 Bell, Alexander Graham, 194. 
 
 Bell, Currle G., 301, 451. 
 
 Bell, Donald C, 301. 
 
 Bell, Frank H., 423. 
 
 Bell, J. W., 311. 
 
 Bell, Mark R., 423. 
 
 Hell & Graham, 24. 
 
 Bellaire (Ohio) papers, 213. 
 
 Bellamy, Edward, 101. 
 
 Beller, A. G., 140. 
 
 Belleville (111.) papers, 31. 
 
 Belleville (Wis.) papers, 302. 
 
 Bellingham (Wash.) papers, 289. 
 
 Bellows, H. W., 120. 
 
 Bellows, Rev. Henry, 167. 
 
 Belmont (Wis.) papers, 302, 303. 
 
 Belo, A. H., 275. 
 
 Beloit (Wis.) papers, 303, 304. 
 
 Belton (Tex.) papers, 273. 
 
 Belvidere (111.) papers, 31. 
 
 Bender, Louis, 335. 
 
 Benedict, D. S., 299. 
 
 Benedict, G. G., 277. 
 
 Bengough, J. W., 470. 
 
 Bengston, J. C, 55. 
 
 Benjamin, Mrs. C. R., 368. 
 
 Benjamin, Charles I., 191. 
 
 Benjamin, E. G., 321, 377, 409, 462. 
 
 Benjamin, H. S., 387. 
 
 Benjamin, Park, 187. 
 
 Bennett, B. J., 401. 
 
 Bennett, Charles R., 53. 
 
 Bennett, D. M„ 200. 
 
 Bennett,' D. O., 451. 
 
 Bennett, Emerson, 216. 
 
 Bennett, I. J., 227. 
 
 Bennett, James Gordon, 162, 177, 178, 
 
 203, 252. 
 Bennett, James Gordon Jr., 178. 
 Bennett, S. F., 323. 
 Bennett, W. H., 300, 366, 401. 
 Bennett, W. W., 284. 
 Bennett & Fitch, 252. 
 Bennington (Vt.) papers, 277. 
 Benson, Mrs. M. E., 5. 
 Bentley, F. W., 379. 
 Bentley, S. R., 298. 
 Benton, C. S., 392. 
 Benton, Charles H., 327. 
 Benton, Herbert E., 16. 
 Benton, J. A., 9. 
 Benton, Thomas H, 66, 137. 
 Benton (Wis.) papers, 304, 305. 
 Berford, R. G., 258. 
 Berger, Victor L., 396, 398. 
 Bergh, H. P., 40. 
 Bergmann, H., 385. 
 Bergner, Charles, 239. 
 Bergner, George, 239. 
 Berkman, Alexander, 186. 
 Berlin, G. R., 281. 
 Berlin (Germany) papers, 475. 
 Berlin (Wis.) papers, 305, 338. 
 Bermingham, Edward J., 191. 
 Bernard, A. G., 355. 
 Berne (Switzerland) papers, 481. 
 Berner, Fred, 314. 
 Berner, Henry, 314. 
 Berray, W., 458. 
 Bcrray & Holt, 458. 
 Berry, Joseph F., 36. 
 Berry, Rev. Thomas B., 156. 
 Berry, W. W., 283, 285. 
 Berryman, Clay S., 357. 
 Berryman, John R., 422. 
 Berthoud (Colo.) papers, 10. 
 Bertrand, Charles P., 3. 
 Bessac, H. W., 375. 
 Bessemer (Ala.) papers, 1. 
 Beule, Arthur, 359. 
 Bevans, W. B., 417. 
 Beyer, G. H., 310. 
 Bickerton, Capt. Thomas, 69. 
 Bickford, Isaac B., 323. 
 Biekham. See Crandall & Bickham. 
 Bicknell, Thomas W., 106. 
 Bicyclists' papers, 393. 
 Biddle, James, 257. 
 Bidwell, E. C, 345. 
 
 [509] 
 
Index 
 
 Bierce, B. L., 463. 
 
 Bierce, Lee, 353. 
 
 Bierce, E. C, 441, 450. 
 
 Bigelow, E, 269. 
 
 Bigelow, Horatio, 88. 
 
 Bigler, John P., 327. 
 
 Bigney, M. F., 78. 
 
 Billinghurst, Charles, 344, 345. 
 
 Billings, Thomas, 113. 
 
 Bingham, Arthur, 2. 
 
 Bingham, Helen M., 342. 
 
 Bingham, T. C, & Co., 2. 
 
 Binghampton (N. Y.) papers, 154. 
 
 Binney, Horace, 252. 
 
 Binns, John, 253. 
 
 Bintliff, Edward H., 316. 
 
 Bintliff, James, 342, 402. 
 
 Bird, G. W., 344, 369. 
 
 Bird, Hobart S., 464. 
 
 Bird, J. W., 325. 
 
 Bird, Rhenodyne A., 421. 
 
 Bird, W. W., 367. 
 
 Bird & Conway, 360. 
 
 Birdsall, Rev. Blias, 8. 
 
 Birmingham, Ernest F., 174. 
 
 Birmingham (Ala.) papers, 1. 
 
 Birmingham (Eng.) papers, 481. 
 
 Bimey, James G., 219, 220. 
 
 Biron, Michael, 382, 386, 395. 
 
 Bisbee, Frederick A., 42. 
 
 Bishop. See Adams & Bishop. 
 
 Bishop, A. C, 307. 
 
 Bishop, Godfrey H., 343. 
 
 Bishop, W. H., 384, 390, 391. 
 
 Bishop & Wright, 344. 
 
 Bissell, C. H., 403. 
 
 Bistorius, H. W., 396. 
 
 Bittenbender, H. C„ 142. 
 
 Bixby, Frank W., 337. 
 
 Bixby, L. C, 422. 
 
 Bjarnson, Jon, 125. 
 
 Blaauw, Dirk, 292. 
 
 Blaauw, John, 292. 
 
 Black. See Bowell & Black. 
 
 Black, A. P., 213. 
 
 Black, Alexander, 378. 
 
 Black, David, 218. 
 
 Black, E. Martin, 202. 
 
 Black, Jere, 181. 
 
 Black, Norman B., 378. 
 
 Black, Rev. W. C, 76. 
 
 Black Creek (Wis.) papers, 305. 
 
 Black Earth (Wis.) papers, 306. 
 
 Black River Palls (Wis.) papers, 306, 
 
 422, 
 Blackall, C. R., 277. 
 Blackburn, William, 229. 
 
 Blackford, William M., 283. 
 
 Blackhall, C. P., 156. 
 
 Blackmun, H. B., 325. 
 
 Blacksmiths' papers, 33, 56. See also 
 
 Horseshoers. 
 Blackstone, D. P., 305. 
 Blackstone, J. W., 438. 
 Blackstone, John W., 87. 
 Blackwell, Alice S., 108. 
 Blackwell, Henry B., 108. 
 Blackwell, J. A., 433. 
 Blaetterman, Prof. — , 281. 
 Blaine, James G., 81. 
 Blair, Frank P., 22, 137. 
 Blair, H. S., 211. 
 Blair, L. G., 308. 
 Blair (Wis.) papers, 461. 
 Blaisdell, W. C, 406. 
 Blake, Francis, 117. 
 Blake, John W„ 300, 308, 344, 428, 
 
 439. 
 Blake', Will T., 228. 
 Blakelee, G. E., 223. 
 Blakey, A. R., 281. 
 Blakey, James, 281. 
 Blakey, R. E., 211 
 Blakely, David, 126-128, 131, 
 Blakely (Ala.) papers, 1. 
 Blakeslee, A. P., 349, 350. 
 Blakeslee, S. V., 9. 
 Blakey, James, 281. 
 Blanchard, Amos, 219. 
 Blanchard, John, 128. 
 Blanchard & Church, 99. 
 Bland, J. A., 20. 
 Bland, L. D., 51. 
 Bland, M. C, 20. 
 Bland, T. A., 20. 
 Blatz, Val., 398. 
 Bledsoe, Moses O., 72. 
 Blethen, Alden J., 127, 129, 291. 
 Bleyer, W. G., 359. 
 Blied, F. C, 359. 
 Bliss, C. C, 4. 
 Bliss, Edward, 427. 
 Bliss, Edward U., 401. 
 Bliss, H. F., 342. 
 Bliss, H. T., 342. 
 Bliss, George S., 425. 
 Bliss, George W., 401. 
 Bliss, J. S., 341. 
 Bliss, Leonard Jr., 75. 
 Bliss, Sylvester, 87. 
 Bliss, Rev. W. D. P., 93. 
 Block, George G., 148. 
 Blocquerst, A J., 240. 
 
 [510] 
 
Index 
 
 Blodgett. See Wrigglesworth & Blod- 
 
 gett. 
 Blok, John G., 122. 
 Bloodgood, F. E., 461. 
 Bloom, J. B., 432. 
 Bloom, Jacob B., 376, 405. 
 Bloomer, J. M., 233. 
 Bloomer, Sophia E., 430, 456. 
 Bloomer (Wis.) papers, 306, 307. 
 Bloomfleld, William R., 427. 
 Bloomlngton (111.) papers, 31. 
 Bloomlngton (Wis.) papers, 307. 
 Blount, Mrs. Alice S., 360, 379. 
 Blue Mounds (Wis.) papers, 307. 
 Blumenfeld, D., 452. 
 Blunt, E. M., 114. 
 Boardman, C. R., 358. 
 Boardman, E. L., 291. 
 Boas, Franz, 194. 
 Bockius, Daniel E., 418. 
 Boden, Anne S., 264. 
 Boden, Nicholas, 264. 
 Boden, S., 481. 
 Boden, Timothy, 264. 
 I tor- v . Anton, 318. 
 Bogota (Colombia) papers, 499. 
 Bohan, J. R., 421. 
 Bohan, M. G., 421. 
 Bohan, Michael, 459. 
 Bohannon, D. E., 10. 
 Bohemian papers, (Austria), 466; (111.), 
 
 142; (Wis.), 348, 394, 427. 
 Bohen & Co., 448. 
 Bohm, Ernest, 175. 
 Bohman, G. A., 317. 
 Boiler Makers' papers, 69. 
 Boise (Idaho) papers, 30. 
 Bok, Edward, 249. 
 Boland, Monas, 456. 
 Boland, W. F., 447. 
 Bold, L. C, 434, 435. 
 Bolens, Eugene B., 328, 345, 362, 368, 
 
 369, 421. 
 Bogler, P. H., 451. 
 Bolles, Frederick D., 15. 
 Bollmeyer, J. C, 371. 
 Bologna (Italy) papers, 477. 
 Bolton (Eng.) papers, 481. 
 Bombaugh & Ransom, 86. 
 Bond, J., 347. 
 Bond, Josiah, 446. 
 Bone, Charles F., 429. 
 Bonggren, Jacob, 49. 
 Bonham (Tex.) papers, 274. 
 Bonn, Henry, 425. 
 Bonnan, J. A., 71. 
 Borman, T. A., 71. 
 
 Bormer, John, 177. 
 
 Bomer, RobeTt, 182. 
 
 Bookbinders' papers, 19, 156, 157. 
 
 Booth, A. F., 431, 448, 451. 
 
 Booth, Ballington, 202. 
 
 Booth, Charles A., 402. 
 
 Booth, Mary H. C, 399. 
 
 Booth, Mary Louise, 177. 
 
 Booth, Max G., 402. 
 
 Booth, Sherman M., 386, 399, 453. 
 
 Booth-Tucker, Frederick, 202. 
 
 Boppe, C. Hermann, 381. 
 
 Borcherdt, F„ 372. 
 
 Borchert, Edward 299, 371, 372. 
 
 Borden, Gail, 275. 
 
 Borden, Thomas H., 275. 
 
 Borgen, William, 439. 
 
 Borgman, Charles W., 293. 
 
 Borland, Solon, 3, 271. 
 
 Bornitz (Wis.) papers, 361. 
 
 Boscobel (Wis.) papers, 307, 308. 
 
 Bosson, Charles P., 108. 
 
 Boston (Mass.) papers, 13, 42, 47, 48, 
 
 80, 87-109; siege, (1775), 102, 117; 
 
 tea-party, 95. 
 Boswell, John L., 14. 
 Botham, Plerpont, E. B., 116. 
 Bothne, Theodore, 43. 
 Botker, Christian, 47. 
 Botkin, A. C, 369, 395. 
 Boudinot, E. C. Jr., 59. 
 Boudinot, Ellas, 29. 
 Boudinot, W. P., 59. 
 Boughten, S. N., 29. 
 Boughton, J. S., 70. 
 Boughton, Barnes & Moore, 29. 
 Bourne, William Oland, 195. 
 Boutelle, C. A., 79. 
 Boutelle Brothers, 79. 
 Bowdoin College case, 80. 
 Bowell & Black, 211. 
 Bowen, Abel, 89. 
 Bowen, Clarence W., 179. 
 Bowen, Hiram, 342. 
 Bowen, Henry C, 179. 
 Bowen, Richard, 289. 
 Bowen, T. B., 265. 
 Bowen, W. S., 342. 
 Bowerman, Nelson, 432. 
 Bowerman, W. D., 164. 
 Bowers, E. N., 307, 429. 
 Bowers, L. W., 419. 
 Bowers, Stephen, 304, 313. 
 Bowersmith, D. L., 225. 
 Bowker, R. R., 182, 191. 
 Bowles, Samuel, 15, 88, 116. 
 Bowling Green (Ky.) papers, 74. 
 Bowman, Eliza, 38. 
 
 [511] 
 
Index 
 
 Bowman, Fred J., 306, 422. 
 
 Bowne. See Sutton, Bowne & Co. 
 
 Bowron, A. W., 298. 
 
 Bowron, Arthur, 405. 
 
 Bowron & Potter, 405. 
 
 Bowsfield, C. C, 383, 397, 409. 
 
 Boyce. See Skeels & Boyce. 
 
 Boyce, Edward, 11. 
 
 Boyce, S. S., 278. 
 
 Boyce, W. D., 40, 47. 
 
 Boyd, J. G., 181. 
 
 Boyd, J. T., 389. 
 
 Boyd, James L., 31. 
 
 Boydell, John, 95. 
 
 Boyer, H. C, 261. 
 
 Boyle, George S., 261. 
 
 Boyle, J. T., 319. 
 
 Boyle, John J., 240. 
 
 Boyle, Samuel G., 74. 
 
 Boynton, Charles H., 405. 
 
 Boynton, S. B., 414. 
 
 Boynton & Metcalf, 132. 
 
 Brace, Henry, 158. 
 
 Brackett, James, 312. 
 
 Braekett, James M., 294, 321. 
 
 Brackett, S. W., 322. 
 
 Brackett, W. W., 32. 
 
 Bradbury, A. R., 123, 410. 
 
 Bradbury & Soden, 100. 
 
 Bradford, Andrew, 250. 
 
 Bradford, Benjamin J., 273. 
 
 Bradford, John-, 73. 
 
 Bradford, Samuel, 250. 
 
 Bradford, Thomas, 248. 
 
 Bradford, Thomas G., 273. 
 
 Bradford, W. S., 5. 
 
 Bradford, William, 175, 248. 
 
 Bradford (Bng.) papers, 482. 
 
 Bradley, John N., 100. 
 
 Bradley, Newton, 131. 
 
 Brady, J. H., 314. 
 
 Brag, Brawley & Bagg, 54. 
 
 Bragdon, CharJes, 44. 
 
 Bragg, Samuel, 144. 
 
 Brainerd, Erastus, 390. 
 
 Brainerd, F. O., 306. 
 
 Brainard, J. G. C, 14. 
 
 Brais, E. J., 198. 
 
 Braley, A. B., 367. 
 
 Bramwood, J. W., 62. 
 
 Brand, Otis H., 303, 304 429. 
 
 Brandenburg, O. D., 360, 364. 
 
 Brandon (Vt.) papers, 277. 
 
 Brandon (Wis.) papers, 308. 
 
 Brandt, — , 371. 
 
 Brandt, Ralph V., 223. 
 
 Brandt, Christian, 130. 
 
 Brane, Dr. C. I. B., 227. 
 
 Brannan, Samuel S., 420. 
 
 Brattleboro (Vt.) papers, 277. 
 
 Bratton, John B., 239. 
 
 Braun, Emil, 164. 
 
 Brawley. See Brag, Brawley & Bagg. 
 
 Brawley, Will C, 374, 404. 
 
 Brawthen, C. N., 125. 
 
 Bray, E. A., 382. 
 
 Bray & Reese, 319. 
 
 Brayman, Mason, 431. 
 
 Brayton, J. C, 341. 
 
 Brazeau, A., 410. 
 
 Brearley, William H., 196. 
 
 Breckenridge, Desha, 74. 
 
 Breckenridge, W. C. P., 74. 
 
 Bredell, Edward, 140. 
 
 Breese, H. A., 302. 
 
 Brenan, C. H., 461. 
 
 Brennan, J. F., 75. 
 
 Brenner. See Huss & Brenner. 
 
 Brenner, Charles G. F., 345. 
 
 Bresee, Abijah, 403. 
 
 Bresee, Frank, 403. 
 
 Bresee, H. A., 305. 
 
 Brewers' papers, 136, 148, 215, 382. 
 
 Brewster, J. A., 303, 304. 
 
 Brewster, Mrs. Jessie, 290. 
 
 Brickell, W. D., 226. 
 
 Bricklayers' papers, 165. 
 
 Brickmakers' papers, 33. 
 
 Bridgemen's papers, 60, 165, 222, 257. 
 
 Bridgeport (Conn.) papers, 13. 
 
 Bridgetown (W. I.) papers, 497. 
 
 Bridgewater (Va.) papers, 281. 
 
 Bridgman, W. H., 442. 
 
 Bridgman, Wilbur M., 340. 
 
 Bridgman Brothers, 442. 
 
 Bridgman & Strandberg, 340. 
 
 Bridwell, J. W., 67. 
 
 Briggs, A. G., 370. 
 
 Briggs, Charles F., 199. 
 
 Briggs, E. H., 310, 450. 
 
 Briggs, H. P., 408. 
 
 Briggs, J. R., 304. 
 
 Briggs, L. L., 381. 
 
 Briggs, O. G., 310, 341. 
 
 Briggs, O. H. Jay, 408. 
 
 Briggs, O. I., 309. 
 
 Brigham, A. D., 200. 
 
 Brigham, C. D., 258. 
 
 Brigham, Ebenezer, reminisences, 358. 
 
 Brigham, J. R., 361. 
 
 Brigham, Joseph H., 61. 
 
 Bright, Charles M., 414, 455. 
 
 Bright, Rev. Edward, 173. 
 
 Bright, Edward Jr., 173. 
 
 Bright, J. W., 407. 
 
 Brightman, H., 395. 
 
 [512] 
 
Index 
 
 Brinkerhoff, J. II., 456. 
 
 Brlnkman, M. A., 222. 
 
 Brlnsmade, H. IT., 447. 
 
 Brlnton, D. G., 104, 250. 
 
 Brisbane, Albert, 200. 
 
 Brisbane (Queensland) papeis, 465. 
 
 Briscoe, J. O., 299. 
 
 Briscoe, Joseph S., 300. 
 
 Bristol, W. H., 341. 
 
 Bristol (Bng.) papers, 482. 
 
 Brltt, Chauncey C, 400, 419. 
 
 Brltton, Frederick H., 120. 
 
 Broadley, George, 6. 
 
 Broberg, Gus, 38. 
 
 Brock, George, 82. 
 
 Brock, Robert A., 287. 
 
 Brockway, B., 204. 
 
 Brockton (Mass.) papers, 109. 
 
 Brodcrlck & Bitter, 181. 
 
 Brodhead. See Harmon, Brodbead & Co. 
 
 Brodhead (Wis.) papers, 308, 309. 
 
 Broken Hill (N. S. W.) papers, 465. 
 
 Brokmeyer, E. C, 139. 
 
 Bronson, D. W., 375. 
 
 Bronson, Enos, 256. 
 
 Bronson, S. E„ 375. 
 
 Bronson, Seymour, 463. 
 
 Brook Farm Phalanx, organ, 177. 
 
 Brooker, William, 95. 
 
 Brookes, James H„ 140. 
 
 Brookfleld. See Sanderson & Brook- 
 field. 
 
 Brookings, (S. Dak.) papers, 267. 
 
 Brookline (Mass.) papers, 109. 
 
 Brooklyn (N. Y.) papers, 18, 154, 155. 
 
 Brooklyn (Wis.) papers, 309. 
 
 Brooks, — , 203, 407. 
 
 Brooks, DeLorma, 304. 
 
 Brooks, Erastns, 183, 259. 
 
 Brooks, Ernest, 307, 326. 
 
 Brooks, James, 81, 183. 
 
 Erooks, James G., 151, 185. 
 
 Brooks, W. H., 329. 
 
 Broom Makers' papers, 55. 
 
 Bross, William, 38, 44, 45. 
 
 Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, 
 organ, 55, 60, 206, 223, 227. See 
 also Railway. 
 
 Brotherhood of St. Andrew, organ, 47. 
 
 Brothers, J. D., 406. 
 
 Brotherton, F. W., 8. 
 
 Broughton, C. E., 310. 
 
 Brower, Oliver A., 55. 
 
 Brown, — , 242. 
 
 Brown. See Jones & Brown, Mills & 
 Brown, and Williams & Brown. 
 
 Brown, A. A. 217. 
 
 Brown, A. L., 279. 
 
 Brown, A. O., 418. 
 
 Brown, Andrew, 245, 246. 
 
 Brown, Andrew Jr., 246. 
 
 Brown, B. J., 336. 
 
 Brown, Beriah, 193, 358, 360, 367, 392. 
 
 Brown, C. C, 125. 
 
 Brown, Daniel C, 343. 
 
 Brown, E. C, 191. 
 
 Brown, E. H., 310. 
 
 Brown, Elijah P., 46. 
 
 Brown, Emma, 329. 
 
 Brown, F. A., 419, 427, 428, 440, 448. 
 
 Brown, Fred A., 415. 
 
 Brown, George, 326. 
 
 Brown, George W., 69, 299, 306, 370. 
 
 Brown, H. C, 303. 
 
 Brown, H. T., 164. 
 
 Brown, Henry Lovejoy, 315. 
 
 Brown, Hu, 270. 
 
 Brown, Hugh H., 263. 
 
 Brown, J. B., 54. 
 
 Brown, J. T., 295. 
 
 Brown, J. Newton, 126. 
 
 Brown, John A., 384, 385, 343, 419. 
 
 Brown, Bishop John H. H., 327. 
 
 Brown, Joseph R., 131. 
 
 Brown, Lee, 112. 
 
 Brown, Marie A., 40. 
 
 Brown, Nathan, 277. 
 
 Brown, Mrs. Olympia. See Willis. 
 
 Brown, OrvlUe, 125. 
 
 Brown, Samuel R., 151, 154. 
 
 Brown, Thomas H. B., 281. 
 
 Brown, Thurlow W., 329. 
 
 Brown, V. L., 386. 
 
 Brown, W. J., 432. 
 
 Brown, Waldo, 422. 
 
 Brown, Wallace C, 313, 379. 
 
 Brown, William, 286. 
 
 Brown, William M., 261. 
 
 Brown, William T., 28. 
 
 Brown & Foster, 441. 
 
 Brown County (Wis.) history, 330. 
 
 Browne, C. F„ 201. 
 
 Browne, Charles Brockden, 252. 
 
 Browne, D. F., 379. 
 
 Browne, E. J., 422. 
 
 Browne, Francis F., 35. 
 
 Browne, J. W., 217, 218. 
 
 Browne, Rev. Nathan, 90. 
 
 Browne, S. J., 217. 
 
 Browne, Samuel, 218. 
 
 Browne, William M., 20. 
 
 Browne Brothers, 422. 
 
 Brownell, E. E., 447. 
 
 Brownlow, W. G., 270. 
 
 Brownsville (Tenn.) papers, 268. 
 
 Bruce, A. A., 357. 
 
 33— N. C. 
 
 [ 513 ] 
 
Index 
 
 Bruce, James R., 272. 
 
 Bruce, Robert, 265. 
 
 Bruce, W. C. Jr., 268. 
 
 Bruce, William George, 365, 394. 
 
 Bruce (Wis.) papers, 309. 
 
 Brucker, Joseph, 376, 382, 386, 387. 
 
 Bruemmer & Haney, 348. 
 
 Bruins. See Feuerpfeil & Bruins. 
 
 Brukk, H., 140. 
 
 Brumder, George, 387. 
 
 Brumder, William C, 387. 
 
 Brundage, E. B., 311. 
 
 Brundage, J. N., 333. 
 
 Brundage & Bullock, 293. 
 
 Branson, Rev. Alfred, 422. 
 
 Brussels (Belgium) papers, 466. 
 
 Bryan, John A., 383, 384. 
 
 Bryan, John S., 287. 
 
 Bryan, Joseph, 287. 
 
 Bryan, Russell C, 226. 
 
 Bryan, William E., 134. 
 
 Bryan, William J., 141. 
 
 Bryant, Edwin, 74. 
 
 Bryant, Edwin E., 360, 402. 
 
 Bryant, George E., 362. 
 
 Bryant, John H., 285. 
 
 Bryant, Thomas, 269, 327. 
 
 Bryant, William Cullen, 190. 
 
 Buchanan, J., 296. 
 
 Buchanan, J. R., 11. 
 
 Buchanan, James, policy supported, 137, 
 
 350; opposed, 253. 
 Buchanan, Joseph, 221. 
 Buchanan, R. 296. 
 Buchanan, William, 480. 
 Buchanan & Laverty, 11. 
 Buck, Elisha A., 197. 
 Buck, H. A, 197. 
 Buck, J. F., 197. 
 Buck, Royal, 327, 362, 366. 
 Buckelew, B. R., 6. 
 
 Buckingham. See Cammack & Bucking- 
 ham. 
 Buckingham, A., 154. 
 Buckingham, Joseph T., 93, 95. 
 Buckley, Rev. J. M., 166. 
 Buckminster, William, 108. 
 Bucks, Charles H., 306. 
 Budd & Sargent, 6. 
 Buel, Jesse, 150, 151, 208. 
 Buell, A. C, 20. 
 Buell, C. C, 38. 
 
 Buenos Ayres (Argentine) papers, 465. 
 Buffalo (N. Y.) papers, 155-157; in 
 
 War of 1812, 157. 
 Buffalo City (Wis.) papers, 331. 
 Bugh, S. G., 438. 
 Bugh, William A., 369. 
 
 Builders' papers, 165, 261, 381, 393. 
 
 Bukharest (Roumania) papers, 480. 
 
 Bull, George R., 445. 
 
 Bullard, Rev. Asa, 108. 
 
 Bullock. See Brundage & Bullock. 
 
 Bullock, William, 402. 
 
 Bump, Franklin E., 357, 359. 
 
 Bunce, O. B., 163. 
 
 Bundy, C. S., 377. 
 
 Bundy, E. B. 377. 
 
 Bundy, J. M., 183, 395. 
 
 Bundy, John C, 46. 
 
 Bundy, Mary E., 46. 
 
 Bunker, Theo., 338. 
 
 Bunn, H. L., 332. 
 
 Bunnell, Milie, 124. 
 
 Bunnell & Schultz, 124. 
 
 Bunner, J. C, 301, 338, 343, 392, 424. 
 
 Bunsa, George E., 314. 
 
 Burchard, George W., 329, 330. 
 
 Burdette, Robert J., 64. 
 
 Burdick, C. H., 333, 354. 
 
 Burdick, William, 96. 
 
 Burgess & Lewis, 123. 
 
 Burgette, A. G., 380. 
 
 Biirgler, J., 335. 
 
 Burkard, Fred, 334-336. 
 
 Burkard, H. A., 335. 
 
 Burkard, Valentine, 336. 
 
 Burke, E. A., 78. 
 
 Burke, Fred W., 352. 
 
 Burke, John D'Oley, 199. 
 
 Burke, Thomas E., 43. 
 
 Burleigh, William H„ 14. 
 
 Burley (Wash.) papers, 289. 
 
 Burling, Theodore, 166. 
 
 Burlington (Iowa) papers, 63, 64. 
 
 Burlington (N. J.) papers, 146, 250. 
 
 Burlington (Vt.) papers, 277, 278. 
 
 Burlington (Wis.) papers, 309, 310. 
 
 Bumap, Francis, 278. 
 
 Burnet, David G., 218. 
 
 Burnet, I. C, 217. 
 
 Burnet, Gov. William, 99. 
 
 Burnett, Clarence, 306, 366. 
 
 Burnett, G. B., 342. 
 
 Burnett, William, 198. 
 
 Burnett & Son, 366. 
 
 Burnham, — , 174. 
 
 Bumham, D. F., 455. 
 
 Burnham, Frank T., 348. 
 
 Burnham, Michael, 178. 
 
 Burns, D. M., 330. 
 
 Burnside Gen. Ambrose E., 50. 
 
 Burnside, George, 412, 432, 458. 
 
 Burnside, J. O. P., 54. 
 
 Burr, — , 79. 
 
 Burr, Aaron, 73, 163. 
 
 [514] 
 
Index 
 
 Burr, Alfred B., 15. 
 
 Burr, F. C, 15. 
 
 Burr, Normand, 13. 
 
 Burr, W. O., 15. 
 
 Burt, Charles, 279. 
 
 Burt, H. F., 332. 
 
 Burt, Thomas M., 152. 
 
 Burton, C, 308. 
 
 Burton, F., 215. 
 
 Burton, J. B., 119. 
 
 Burton, John E., 354. 
 
 Burton, S. E., 284. 
 
 Burtt, John, 221, 253. 
 
 Busbey, W. H., 39. 
 
 Busche, John F., 181. 
 
 Bush, Ashel, 236. 
 
 Bush, Henry, 327. 
 
 Bush, Robert E., 6. 
 
 Bushnell, J. J., 304. 
 
 Bushnell, J. M., 463. 
 
 Buslett, O. A., 366, 443. 
 
 Bussert, Thomas, 219. 
 
 Butchers' papers, 165, 208. 
 
 Butler. See Pleasants & Butler. 
 
 Butler, Amos, 172. 
 
 Butler, Burridge D., 44. 
 
 Butler, George O., 59. 
 
 Butler, F. J., 30. 
 
 Butler, J. S., 30. 
 
 Butler, John W., 82. 
 
 Butler, Noble, 74. 
 
 Butler, S. W., 250. 
 
 Butler, William, 114. 
 
 Butler, William T., 452. 
 
 Butte (Mont.) papers, 141. 
 
 Butterfleld, H. K., 337. 
 
 Butterfleld, W. H., 338. 
 
 Butterfleld & Hill, 144. 
 
 Butterick Company, 171. 
 
 Buttles, Joel, 225. 
 
 Buttles & Smith, 234. 
 
 Button, Charles W., 283. 
 
 Button, J. D., 448. 
 
 Butts, John A., 346, 347, 440. 
 
 Bydal, Adolf, 125. 
 
 Byers, William N., 12. 
 
 Byers & Daily, 12. 
 
 Byington, A. H., 16. 
 
 Byles, Rev. Mather, 99. 
 
 Byrne, P. J., 299. 
 
 Cabet, Etienne, 56. 
 Cable, James A., 223. 
 Cadiz (Spain) papers, 480. 
 Cadwallader, S., 346, 392. 
 Cady, Albe, 143. 
 Cady, Ebenezer P., 17. 
 Cady, S. H., 411. 
 
 Cady, Yirgil H., 300. 
 
 Cady & Beals, 411. 
 
 Caine, Sloan & Dunbar, 276. 
 
 Caims, T. J., 341. 
 
 Calais (France) papers, 472. 
 
 Calder, David O., 276. 
 
 Caldwell, Charles, 252. 
 
 Caldwell, Howard H., 266. 
 
 Caldwell, John, 145. 
 
 Caldwell (Idaho) papers, 30. 
 
 Calgary (Alb.) papers, 467. 
 
 Calhoun, John, 35. 
 
 Calhoun, John C, 25. 
 
 California papers, 4-10, 499. 
 
 California (Mo.) papers, 133. 
 
 Calkins, Elias A., 349, 358, 359, 370, 
 
 392, 397. 
 Call, Homer D., 208. 
 Callahan, J. S., 316. 
 Callahan, James J., 11. 
 Callecod, O. L., 367. 
 Callender, J. T., 285, 286. 
 Callender, William L., 73. 
 Callicot, Theophilus C, 150. 
 Calumet (Mich.) papers, 119. 
 Calumet County (Wis.) papers, 311. 
 Calvert, Rev. John B., 90, 173. 
 Calvo, Charles A. Jr., 266. 
 Cambria (Wis.) papers, 310. 
 Cambridge (Mass.) papers, 109, 110, 
 
 194. 
 Camden (Ark.) papers, 3. 
 Camden (N. J.) papers, 146. 
 Camden-Town (Eng.) papers, 482. 
 Cameron. See Robertson, Mac Donald & 
 
 Cameron. 
 Cameron, Daniel, 50. 
 Cameron, Simon, 239. 
 Cameron, W. G., 133, 297. 
 Cameron, William E., 285. 
 Cameron (Wis.) papers, 300. 
 Cammack & Buckingham, 374. 
 Camp, Dan, 330, 461. 
 Cdmp Negley (Md.) paper, 87. 
 Campau, Joseph, 120. 
 Campbell, — , 70. 
 Campbell, Cary M., 228, 363. 
 Campbell, E., E., 429. 
 Campbell, E. H., 288. 
 Campbell, Edwin R., 221. 
 Campbell, Frank A., 422. 
 Campbell, Henry C, 326. 
 Campbell, Hugh, 438. 
 Campbell, J. E., 289. 
 Campbell, John, 101. 
 Campbell, Merritt L., 405. 
 Campbell, Moses, 438. 
 Campbell, Reau, 189. 
 
 [515] 
 
Index 
 
 Campbellsport (Wis.) papers, 310. 
 
 Camron, Morris & Co:, 229. 
 
 Canadian papers, 467-471. 
 
 Candrian, Adolf, 352, 353. 
 
 Caneday, D. A., 433. 
 
 Canfleld, W. H., 299, 300. 
 
 Cannon, George, Q., 276. 
 
 Cannon, Rev. James, 284. 
 
 Cannon, John Q., 276. 
 
 Cannon, Watson & Christian, 282. 
 
 Canon, W. H., 378. 
 
 Canterbury (Eng.) papers, 482. 
 
 Cantine, Moses I., 150. 
 
 Canton (China) papers, 471. 
 
 Canton (Ohio) papers, 213. 
 
 Cantwell, Edward J., 23. 
 
 Cantwell, J. S., 42, 221. 
 
 Cap Fransois (W. I.) papers, 497. 
 
 Cape Girardeau (Mo.) papers, 133. 
 
 Cape Town (Cape Colony) papers, 480. 
 
 499. 
 Capek, Thomas, 142. 
 Capper, Arthur, 71. 
 Car Workers' papers, 33. 
 Caracas (Venez.) papers, 497. 
 Cardozo, Jacob N., Reminiscences of 
 
 Charleston, 265. 
 Carey, Henry C, 248. 
 Carey, J., 265. 
 Carhart, Eddie E., 412. 
 Carhart, Minnie T., 412. . 
 Carleton, Guy I., 26. 
 Carleton, Hubert, 47. 
 Carley, George H., 158. 
 Carlile, Francis X., 262. 
 Carlisle', William B., 263. 
 Carlisle (Pa.) papers, 237. 
 Carlson & Olsen, 373. 
 Carlssou, Erland, 37. 
 Carlton, William, 116. 
 Carmack, A. J., 321. 
 Carman, Elbert S., 186. 
 Carney, David L., 222. 
 Carney, M. F., 407. 
 Carney, Patrick H., 453. 
 Carpenter, Mrs. A. R„ 455. 
 Carpenter, C. W., 429. 
 Carpenter, George L., 349. 
 Carpenter, H. B., 320. 
 Carpenter, Joseph, 221. 
 Carpenter, M. S., 424. 
 Carpenter, Percy, 240. 
 Carpenter, S. H., 363. 367. 
 Carpenter, Stephen C, 263. 
 Carpenter, Stephen D., 54, 358, 367, 
 
 370, 414. 
 Carpenter, W. E., 455. 
 Carpenter & Fletcher, 349. 
 
 Carpenters' papers, 60, 166, 222, 242. 
 
 Carr, Charles F., 365, 407. 
 
 Carr, Rev. Edward Ellis, 33. 
 
 Carr, Egbert E., 402, 438. 
 
 Carr, Frank, 281. 
 
 Carr, Frank A., 318, 319, 365, 439. 
 
 Carr, I. T., 344, 402, 406. 
 
 Carr, W. B., 444. 
 
 Carr, W. H., 304. 
 
 Carr, Warren S., 355. 
 
 Carrick, M. P., 62. 
 
 Carrier— pigeons' express, 85. 
 
 Carrigan. See Smith & Carrigan. 
 
 Carrington, John B., 16. 
 
 Carrington, John B. Jr., 16. 
 
 Carrique, P. Dean, 183. 
 
 Carroll, Alexander, 263. 
 
 Carroll, Kev. Charles, 468. 
 
 Carroll, F., 419. 
 
 Carroll, M. J., 35. 
 
 Carruth, Uri, 305, 456. 
 
 Carson, Fred D., 362. 
 
 Carson City (Nev.) papers, 143. 
 
 Carswell, J. A., 426. 
 
 Cartana, D. A., 291. 
 
 Carter, A., & Son, 463. 
 
 Carter, A. H., 332. 
 
 Carter, E. A., 299. 
 
 Carter, F. N., 223. 
 
 Carter, Henry. See Frank Leslie. 
 
 Carter, John, 263. 
 
 Carter, Nathaniel, 152. 
 
 Carter, Robert I., 221. 
 
 Carter, W. S., 227. 
 
 Carter, Cherry & Co., 275. 
 
 Carver, Henry, 131. 
 
 Cary, Alfred, 425. 
 
 Cary, Bushnell B., 383. 
 
 Cary, J. W., 303. 
 
 Cary, Lucius C, 426. 
 
 Cary, Wilson M., 281. 
 
 "Casca," letters, 486. 
 
 Case, C. C, 359. 
 
 Case, Carleton B., 303. 
 
 Case, Eliphalet, 113. 
 
 Case, E. F., 324. 
 
 Casey, Dominlck, 453. 
 
 Casey, James B., 69. 
 
 Casey, Rev. John, 382, 383. 
 
 Cashton (Wis.) papers, 310. 
 
 Cass, Lawrence, 290. 
 
 Cass, Levi A., 346, 347. 
 
 Cass, Lewis, 19, 120. 
 
 Casseday, Ben, 75. 
 
 Cassidy, F. M., 157. 
 
 Cassidy, William, 150. 
 
 Casson, Henry Jr., 449. 
 
 Cassville (Wis.) papers, 310. 
 
 [516 
 
Index 
 
 Castle, Byron J., 306, 318, 378, 422. 
 
 Castle, Henry A., 130, 388. 
 
 Caswell, J. H., 198. 
 
 Catawba (Ala.) papers, 1. 
 
 Cates, L. A., 376. 
 
 Cates, L. B., 345. 
 
 Cates, Lewis A., 345. 
 
 Cathcart, George E., 266. 
 
 Catholic papers (France), 473; (La.), 
 
 78; (N. Y.), 198; (Ohio), 122; (Pa.), 
 
 242; (Wis.), 311, 382, 383, 386, 438. 
 Catlin, L. M., 411. 
 Caton, H. V., 233. 
 Catskill (N. T.) papers, 158. 
 Cattell, J. McKcan, 194. 
 Cauldwell, William, 184. 
 Cautereels, P. J., 318. 
 Cawker, E. H., 382, 397. 
 Caystille. See Tamell, Caystille & 
 
 Mathes. 
 Cease, D. L., 55. 
 Cedar Falls (Iowa) papers, 64. 
 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) papers, 158. 
 Cedarburg (Wis.) papers, 310. 
 Centennial Exhibition (1876) paper, 
 
 251. 
 Central City (S. Dak.) papers, 268. 
 Centralia (Wis.) papers, 310, 311. 
 Centreville (Ind.) papers, 59. 
 Centuria (Wis.) papers, 311. 
 Cervin, Dr. A. R., 37. 
 Chadbourne, J. S., 157. 
 Chafln, E. W., 387. 
 Chamberlain, Col. — , 468. 
 Chamberlain, Edward, 2. 
 Chamberlain, Eugene, 150. 
 Chamberlain, R. T., 209. 
 Chamberlayne, John Hampden, 287. 
 Chambers, David, 234. 
 Chambers, J. W., 305. 
 Chambers, John W., 302. 
 Chambers, Harris & Knapp, 138. 
 Chambersbnrg (Pa.) papers, 237. 
 Champion, H. H., 466. 
 Champion, I. G.. 409. 
 Chancellor, J W., 419. 
 Chandler, C. C, 306. 
 Chandler, Hannibal H., 36. 
 Chandler, J. C, 300. 
 Chandler, John A., 420. 
 Chandler, Joseph R., 256. 
 Chandler, Julius C, 299, 324, 332, 420. 
 Chandler, N. V., 302, 407, 428, 443. 
 Chandler, S. C, 302, 329. 
 Chandler, W. E., 446. 
 Chandler, Walter G., 356. 
 Chaney, Josiah B., 401. 
 Channing, William E., 94. 
 
 Channing, William H., 196. 
 
 Chantler, A. E., 124. 
 
 Chapel, W., 373. 
 
 Chapin. See Selby, Simmons & Chapin. 
 
 Chapin, A. B., 15. 
 
 Chapin, Rev. A. L., 38 
 
 Chapin, Maria Bowen, 173 
 
 Chapman, C. N., 439. 
 
 Chapman, Frederick A., 102. 
 
 Chapman, Frederick L. & Co., 46. 
 
 Chapman, George W., 384, 386. 
 
 Chapman, L. W., 403, 417. 
 
 Chapman, Maria W., 102. 
 
 Chapman, S. T., 29. 
 
 Chapman, W. W., 66. 
 
 Chappie, Joseph M., 298. 
 
 Charities and Correction papers, 166, 
 
 198, 448. 
 Charleroi (Pa.) papers, 237. 
 Charles, Joseph, 138. 
 Charles, L. P., 311. 
 Charless, Edward, 138. 
 Char'eston (S. C.) papers, 263-266; 
 
 captured in Revolution, 264, 265. 
 Charlestown (Mass.) papers, 110. 
 Charlestown (W. Va.) papers, 292. 
 Charlottesville (Va.) papers, 281. 
 Charlottetown (P. E. I.) papers, 467. 
 Charlton, C. W., 270. 
 Charlton, E. A., 309. 
 Charlton, Helen M., 308. 
 Chase, Anthony, 118. 
 Chase, Charles F., 11. 
 Chase, Eli R., 457. 
 Chase, Harold T., 71. 
 Chase, S. L., 448. 
 Chase, Samuel, 468. 
 Chatham (Va.) papers, 282. 
 Chattanooga (Tenn.) papers, 269. 
 Chatterton, — , 417. 
 Cheetham, — , 177. 
 Cheetham, James, 177, 180, 192. 
 Cheever, D. G., 313. 
 Cheever, George B., 190. 
 Cheever, R. W., 313., 
 Cheney, D. W., 440. 
 Chenoweth, E. B., 96. 
 Cherokee papers, 29, 59. 
 Cherrington, E. H., 381. 
 Cherry, Peter, 206. 
 Cherry & Dunn, 275. 
 Chester, J., 9. 
 Chester (Pa.) papers, 237. 
 Chestertown (Md.) papers, 86. 
 Chetek (Wis.) papers, 311. 
 Chetwood, Rev. Hobart, 8. 
 Chew, F. W., 184. 
 Chew, W. B., 234. 
 
 [517] 
 
Index 
 
 Chicago (111.) papers, 23, 31-53, 102, 
 
 158, 389, 396, 499; Are (1871), 46; 
 
 Columbian Exposition (1893), 53; 
 
 Home for the Friendless, organ, 38. 
 Chicopee (Mass.) papers, 110. 
 Chicoutimi (Que.) papers, 467. 
 Childs, Francis, 162. 
 Childs, George W., 187, 249, 253. 
 Childs, J. F., 33. 
 Childs, John L., 359. 
 Childs, Nathan, 265. 
 Childs Brothers, 277. 
 Childs, Mclver & Co., 265. 
 Chilholm, Alexander E., 185. 
 Chillicothe (111.) papers, 53. 
 Chillicothe (Ohio) papers, 213-215. 
 Chilton (Wis.) papers, 296, 311. 
 China, papers published in, 471, 472. 
 Chinese papers, 166, 499. See also Ori- 
 ental. 
 Chipman & Seymour, 120. 
 Chippewa Falls (Wis.) papers, 307, 311, 
 
 312. 
 Chippewa Indians' papers, 122. 
 Chippewa Valley (Wis.) history, 320, 
 
 321. 
 Chisholm, — , 468. 
 Chittenden, George, 160. 
 Chittenden, H. A., 384, 390, 392. 
 Chittenden H. A. Jr., 391. 
 Christensen, J. H., 455. 
 Christenson, A G., 378. 
 Christian. See Cannon, Watson & 
 
 Christian. 
 Christian, A. A., 242. 
 Christian Science papers, 91. 
 Christian Endeavor papers, 90, 97, 359, 
 
 412. 
 Christiania (Norway) papers, 479. 
 Christie, J. Lute, 447. 
 Christie, William, 372. 
 Christienseh. See Hoist & Christien- 
 
 sen. 
 Christman, E. L., 261. 
 Christman, William, 261. 
 Christy, G. B., 432. 
 Chrzanowski, J. J., 390. 
 Chubback, JeTome W., 456, 457. 
 Church. See Blanchard & Church. 
 Church, F. P., 164, 179. 
 Church, Rev. Leroy, 33. 
 Church W. C, 164, 179. 
 Chynoweth, J. T., 412. 
 Chynoweth, Mary Hayes, 4. 
 Cigar makers' papers, 34, 75, 156, 16S. 
 
 191. 
 Cincinnati (Ohio) papers, 139, 184, 
 
 215-222. 
 
 Circleville (Ohio) papers, 222, 227. 
 
 Cist, Charles, 216 
 
 Cist, L. J., 215. 
 
 Civil service reform papers, 22, 82, 92, 
 
 176. 
 Clancy, John, 182. 
 Clapp, A. M., 24. 
 Clapp, H. A., 299. 
 Clapp, Robert P., 92. 
 Clapp, W. W., 114. 
 Clapp, William W., 96, 104. 
 Clapp, William W. Jr., 96. 
 Clapp, William Warland, 88. 
 Claremont (N. H.) papers, 143. 
 Clarinda (Iowa) papers, 'vi. 
 Clark. See Beebe & Clark. 
 Clark, A. F., 142. 
 Clark, A. N., 14. 
 
 Clark, Charles H., 242, 310, 315, 374. 
 Clark, Clarence, 369. 
 Clark, Dorr, 334. 
 Clark, E., 15. 
 Clark, E. E., 158. 
 Clark, E. W., 61. 
 Clark, Francis E., 97. 
 Clark, H., 15. 
 Clark, Henry, 279. 
 Clark, I. S., 270. 
 Clark, Israel W., 152. 
 Clark, J. T. C, 31. 
 Clark, Jefferson, 281. 
 Clark, John A. 233. 
 Clark, John T., 420. 
 Clark, Julius T., 361. 
 Clark, L. S., 369. 
 Clark, Nicholas, 74. 
 Clark, W. J., 255. 
 Clark, William F., 61. 
 Clark, William F. Jr., 61. 
 Clark, William Preston, 137. 
 Clark, Z., 208. 
 
 Clarke. See Crampton & Clarke. 
 Clarke, A. C, 403. 
 Clarke, B. B., 369. 
 Clarke, Bert E, 332, 461. 
 Clarke, D. C, 277. 
 Clarke, James, 63, 64, 303. 
 Clarke, Mrs. Mary G., 38. 
 Clarke, Thomas Cottrell, 241, 252. 
 Clarke, William M„ 280. 
 Clarke, William T., 176. 
 Clarkson, John, 289. 
 Clarksville (Tenn.) papers, 269. 
 Clason, G. W., 392. 
 Clausen, C. S., 361. 
 Clay, Henry, campaign organ, 336. 
 Clay Workers' papers, 60. 
 Claypoole, D. C, 243, 244, 250-252. 
 
 [518] 
 
Ind 
 
 ex 
 
 Claywood (Wis.) papers, 312. 
 
 Clear Lake (Wis.) papers, 312. 
 
 Cleary, F., 408. 
 
 Cleaver, T. J., 313. 
 
 Clement, Charles, 346, 424-426. 
 
 Clement, Edward H., 107. 
 
 demons, George H., 395. 
 
 Clendenen, G. W., 54. 
 
 Cleveland, — , 438. 
 
 Cleveland. See Osborne & Cleveland. 
 
 Cleveland (Ohio) papers, 34, 55, 60, 69, 
 
 197, 222-224. 
 Clerkenwell (Eng.) papers, 482. 
 Cleves (France) papers, 472. 
 Clewell, S. A., 339. 
 Clifford Brothers, 345. 
 Clifton, J. J., 307. 
 Clifton Forge (W. Va.) papers, 288. 
 Cline, George D., 339, 401. 
 Clinedest, S. H., 376. 
 Clinton, A. Duane, 376. 
 Clinton, DeWitt, 152. 
 Clinton, John C, 461. 
 Clinton (Iowa) papers, 64. 
 Clinton (Ohio) papers, 224. 
 Clinton (Wis.) papers, 313. 
 Clinton ville (Wis.) papers, 296, 408. 
 Clothing trades. S'ee Garment Makers 
 
 and Tailors. 
 Coale & Barr, 280. 
 Coates, David C, 11, 12. 
 Coates, Foster, 169. 
 Coates, Henry T., 249. 
 Coatesville (Pa.) papers, 238. 
 Cobb, L. H., 81. 
 Cobb, Willard A., 425. 
 Cobban, W. S., 460. 
 Cobbett, William, 169, 485. 
 Cobleigh, N. E„ 109. 
 Cochran. See Baker & Cochran. 
 Cochran, G. C, 35. 
 Cochran, H. B., 239. 
 Cochran, J. L., 281. 
 Cochran, John, 186. 
 Cochran T. B., 239. 
 Cockcrili, John A., 169, 203, 228. 
 Codding, Ichabod, 386, 453. 
 Coe, E. D., 303, 304, 415, 452, 462. 
 Coe, John M., 346. 
 Coe, R. K., 462. 
 Coffin, Robert S., 252. 
 Coffman, Charles F., 328. 
 Cogan, James B., 403. 
 Cogan, John T., 403. 
 Coggeshall, W. T., 216. 
 Cogswell. See Hyde & Cogswell. 
 Cogswell, James, 339. 
 Cohen, Max, 25. 
 
 Colberg, A., 125. 
 
 Colbron, Otis, 397. 
 
 Colburn, Miss E. T., 38. 
 
 Colburn, F. H., 305. 
 
 Colburn, J. H., 437. 
 
 Colburn, Ralph C, 446. 
 
 Colby, A. P., 384, 449. 
 
 Colby, Clara B., 141. 
 
 Colby, Luther, 89. 
 
 Colby W. A., 309. 
 
 Colby (Wis.) papers, 313. 
 
 Coldren, J. W., 239. 
 
 Cole. See Prentiss & Cole. 
 
 Cole, Allan, 260. 
 
 Cole, Ben A., 346. 
 
 Cole, Carrie E., 433. 
 
 Cole, Charles, 87. 
 
 Cole, D. B., 115. 
 
 Cole, H. E., 300. 
 
 Cole, L. F., 405. 
 
 Cole, S W., 108. 
 
 Cole, W. M., 348. 
 
 Cole Brothers, 438. 
 
 Cole & Morwitz, 238. 
 
 Coleman, Edgar W., 388. 
 
 Coleman, Theodore, 312. 
 
 Coleman, W. D., 285. 
 
 Coleman, W. W., 386, 388, 390. 
 
 Coleman, William, 190. 
 
 Colesworthy, Daniel C, 81. 
 
 College and school papers (Iowa), 65; 
 (Mo.), 138; (Wis.), 294, 300, 303, 
 304, 323, 344, 357-359, 363, 368- 
 370, 379, 388, 391, 438, 445, 447, 
 451. 
 
 College View (Nebr.) papers, 141. 
 
 Collett, Isaac, 288. 
 
 Collier, F. H., 71. 
 
 Collier, Peter F., 169. 
 
 Collier, Robert J., 169. 
 
 Collier, Thomas, 15. 
 
 Collier, W. A., 271. 
 
 Collins, F. L., 232. 
 
 Collins, Isaac, 149. 
 
 Collins, P. W., 58. 
 Collins, W. A., 258. 
 
 Collohan, Edward, 142. 
 
 Colman, C. F., 320. 
 
 Colman, Chalmer D., 137. 
 
 Colman, Henry, 206, 377. 
 
 Colman, Norman J., 137. 
 
 Cologne (Germany) papers, 475. 
 Colombia (S. A.) papers, 499. 
 
 "Colon & Spondee." See Royal Tyler. 
 
 Colonization Society, organ, 169, 244. 
 
 Colorado papers, 10-12. 
 
 Colorado Springs (Colo.) papers, 7, 10. 
 
 Colton, George, 82. 
 
 [519 
 
Index 
 
 Colton, L. F., 82. 
 Colton, S. H., 118. 
 Colton, Walter, 5. 
 Columbia (S. C.) papers, 266, 267. 
 Columbia (Tenn.) papers, 269. 
 Columbia (Tex.) papers, 275. 
 Columbia College, president, 163. 
 Columbia County (Wis.) history, 314. 
 Columbus (Ga.) papers, 271. 
 Columbus (Ohio) papers, 224-226. 
 Columbus (Tex.) papers, 274. 
 Columbus (Wis.) papers, 313, 314. 
 Colvin, John B., 23. 
 Colvin, R. L., 342. 
 Colwell, Henry, 166. 
 Combs, M. S., 272. 
 Comerford, J. A., 318. 
 Comly, James M., 225. 
 Comly & Smitb, 225. 
 Commander, Kingsmill, 290. 
 Commentz, Gustav, 297. 
 Commercial papers. See Mercantile. 
 Commonwealth (Ga.) papers, 28. 
 Communistic societies' papers, 18, 28, 
 
 29, 56, 60, 63, 104, 113, 134, 136, 
 
 137, 175, 177, 197, 273, 279, 289, 
 
 290, 473. 
 Comstock, Anthony, 182. 
 Comstock, C. M., 415. 
 Comstock, Calvert, 150. 
 Comstock, Clemence A., 318. 
 Comstock, H. N., 341. 
 Comstock, H. S., 315. 
 Comstock, Noah D., 297, 448. 
 Comstock, W. M., 410. 
 Comstock, Griswold & Co., 16. 
 Conable, A. O., 317. 
 Conable, Clarence R., 316, 434. 
 Conable, E. W., 317. 
 Conant, S. S., 162. 
 Cdnant, T. O., 173. 
 Concord (N. H.) papers, 22, 143. 
 Concordia (Hans.) papers, 67. 
 Condee, S. P., 293. 
 Condit, James D., 441. 
 Conery, L. D., 442, 443. 
 Congregational papers (Cal.), 9; (111.), 
 
 32, 38; (Mass.), 92, 102; (Minn.), 
 
 126; (N. H.), 143; (N. Y.), 179; 
 
 (Ohio), 223, 231; (S. Dak.), 268; 
 
 (Wis.), 298, 303, 360, 366, 376, 393, 
 
 445. 
 Conklin, E. F., 451. 
 Conklin, George L., 422, 428. 
 Conklin, S. J., 451. 
 Conkling, P. H., 317. 
 Conley, J. A., 302. 
 Conn, L. M., 324. 
 
 Conn, P. B., 232. 
 
 Connaughton, J. A„ 356. 
 
 Connecticut papers, 13-18 ; history, 501. 
 
 Conner. See Douglas & Conner. 
 
 Conner, W. H., 436. 
 
 Connolly, James, 177. 
 
 Connolly, Patrick, 394. 
 
 Conover, O. M., 364. 
 
 Conrad, E., 188. 
 
 Conrad, Rev. F. W., 240. 
 
 Conrad, John, 250. 
 
 Conrad, R. T., 246 
 
 Conservation papers, 21. 
 
 Conservative party papers, 470. 
 
 Constantinople (Turkey) papers, 499. 
 
 Converse, S., 15. 
 
 Conway. See Bird & Conway. 
 
 Conway, H. J., 12. 
 
 Cook, C. A., 321. 
 
 Cook, C. W., 307. 
 
 Cook, E. P., 5. 
 
 Cook, E. S., 346. 
 
 Cook, Isaac, 50. 
 
 Cook, J., 85. 
 
 Cook, Joseph, 102. 
 
 Cook, Thomas A., 170. 
 
 Cook, W. H., 306, 307. 
 
 Cooke, George W., 344, 397, 434. 
 
 Cooley, A. E., 305, 336, 412. 
 
 Coombs, J. W., 164. 
 
 Coon, A. S., 379. 
 
 Coon, C. A., 374. 
 
 Coon, F. W., 322, 410. 
 
 Cooney, Myron A., 150. 
 
 Cooper, C. J., 306, 406. 
 
 Cooper, Clay C, 442. 
 
 Cooper, Edward, 208. 
 
 Cooper, Frank, 306. 
 
 Cooper, George F., 306. 
 
 Cooper, J. Fennimore, 203. 
 
 Cooper, Jewett P., 324. 
 
 Cooper, Peter, 193. 
 
 Co-operative papers (Cal.), 6; (Colo.), 
 
 11; (111.), 34; (Maine), 80; (Mass.). 
 
 93, 95; (Minn.), 125; (Mo.), 139 
 
 (N. T.), 165, 203; (England), 496. 
 
 See also Communistic societies. 
 Coopers' papers, 34, 69, 156, 223, 272. 
 Cooperstown (N. T.) papers, 158. 
 Copeland, R. H., 294, 321, 440, 460. 
 Copenhagen (Denmark) papers, 472. 
 Corbett, W. W., 44. 
 Corbitt, Charles, 331. 
 Cordier, Henry, 414. 
 Corey, W. A., 5. 
 Coriell, King & Russell, 66. 
 Cork (Ireland) papers, 482. 
 Cornes, E. Wood, 318. 
 
 [520] 
 
Index 
 
 Coming, S. A., 375. 
 
 Coming (N. Y.) papers, 158. 
 
 Cornish, Louis H , 196. 
 
 Cornish & Rushwurm, 175. 
 
 i.'orawallis, Kinahan, 162. 
 
 Corpus Christl (Tex.) papers, 274. 
 
 Corry (Pa.) papers, 238. 
 
 Correll 4 Fehr, 238. 
 
 Corse, John, 280. 
 
 Corson Manufacturing Co., 161. 
 
 Corwin, B. H., 167. 
 
 Corwith, S. W., 422. 
 
 Cory, — , 456. 
 
 Cosby, F., 74. 
 
 Coshocton (Ohio) papers, 226. 
 
 Cotter, J. N., 378. 
 
 Cotton, W. U., 467. 
 
 Coudrey, Franklin, 159. 
 
 Couillard, Clinton, 411. 
 
 Coulson, G. A., 274. 
 
 Coulter, J. S., 31. 
 
 Council Bluffs (Iowa) papers, 64. 
 
 Coutant, C. G., 71. 
 
 Coutant, W. E., 71. 
 
 Cover, Joseph C, 356. 
 
 Covington (Ga.) papers, 28. 
 
 Cowan, James, 86. 
 
 Cowan, John, 318, 319. 
 
 Cowansville (Que.) papers, 467. 
 
 Coward, Cassius L., 309, 456. 
 
 Cowardln, James A., 285. 
 
 Cowen, B. S., 234. 
 
 Cowle, A. J., 297. 
 
 Cowles, A. E., 461. 
 
 Cowles, Alfred, 45. 
 
 Cowles, Fred G., 349, 352. 
 
 Cowles, James L., 190. 
 
 Cox. See Young & Cox. 
 
 Cox, G. J., 419. 
 
 Cox, John E., 21. 
 
 Cox, S. S. "Sunset," 226. 
 
 Cox, W. D., 378. 
 
 Cox, William H, 202. 
 
 Coxey, Jacob S., 230. 
 
 Crabb, George W., 343. 
 
 Craft, C. L. V., 353. 
 
 Cragin, George, 162. 
 
 Craig, A. H., 375. 
 
 Craig, A. J., 364, 426. 
 
 Craig, F. D., 321, 375. 
 
 Craig, H. C, 307, 308, 404. 
 
 Craig, Neville B., 259. 
 
 Craig & Robbins, 307. 
 
 Craig & Witcomb, 307. 
 
 Cralle, Richard K., 24, 84. 
 
 Cram, Ralph W., 65. 
 
 Cramer, Don E., 432. 
 
 Cramer, John F., 399. 
 
 Cramer, W. E., 384, 399. 
 
 Cramner, Swift & Stevens, 126. 
 
 Crampton & Clarke, 176. 
 
 Crampton, J. R., 176. 
 
 Cranberry growers' papers, 314. 
 
 Crandall, Dudley S., 123, 445. 
 
 Crandall & Blckham, 129. 
 
 Crandon (Wis.) papers, 314. 
 
 Crane. See Prouty, Davis & Crane. 
 
 Crane, A. S., 147. 
 
 Crane, C. F, 460. 
 
 Crane, E. P., 303. 
 
 Cranmoor (Wis.) papers, 314. 
 
 Cranston & Stowe, 33. 
 
 Crawford Brothers, 415. 
 
 Crawford, George, 400. 
 
 Crawford, E. M., 400. 
 
 Creamer, David, 84. 
 
 Crichlow, W. G., 227. 
 
 Cridge, Alfred, 8. 
 
 Cripple Creek (Colo.) papers, 10, 12. 
 
 Crittenden, Simeon B., 179. 
 
 Crocker, Hans, 380. 
 
 Crocker, S. E., 100. 
 
 Crockwell, J. E., 228. 
 
 Croffut, W. A., 127. 
 
 Croft, W. E., 338. 
 
 Croly, Mrs. J. C, 203. 
 
 Crook, L., 37. 
 
 Crookes, John, 172. 
 
 Crooks, Eev. George E., 184. 
 
 Crookston (Minn.) papers, 124. 
 
 Croper. See Dinmore & Croper. 
 
 Crosby, Ernest H., 28. 
 
 Crosby, Howard, 181. 
 
 Crosby, Rufus, 319. 
 
 Crosse, C. S., 443, 445. 
 
 Crosswell, Edwin, 150. 
 
 Crosswell, Harry, 160. 
 
 Crosswell, Sherman, 150. 
 
 Crothers, R. A., 7. 
 
 Crothers & Tifft, 406. 
 
 Crouch, Charles, 55, 115, 265. 
 
 Crouch, Mary, 115, 265. 
 
 Crounse, L. L., 386. 
 
 Crowe, E. S., 371. 
 
 Crowe, W. S., 148. 
 
 Crowell, William, 108. 
 
 Crowell & Kirkpatrick, 232. 
 
 Crowley, Jere, 371, 376, 412. 
 
 Crowther, George C, 70. 
 
 Crozer, J. A., 123. 
 
 Cruger, — , 275. 
 
 Crump, J. L., 316. 
 
 Crusius, L., 433, 434. 
 
 Crutche, George, 269. 
 
 Cryderman, C. A., 438, 439. 
 
 Cuban papers, 472, 499. 
 
 [521] 
 
Index 
 
 Cuberry & Co., 8. 
 
 Cudahy (Wis.) papers, 315. 
 
 Culbertson, James H., 460. 
 
 Cullaton, M., 301, 358, 363, 451, 454. 
 
 Cullen, J. J., 184. 
 
 Culver, J. O., 364. 
 
 Culvert, Rev Thomas E., 156. 
 
 Cumberland (Wis.) papers, 300, 315. 
 
 Cummer, C. H., 3T8. 
 
 Cummings Alexander, 203, 242. 
 
 Cummings, Amos J., 198. 
 
 Cummings, Asa, 80. 
 
 Cummings, E. B., 72. 
 
 Cummings, Rev. Hiram, 94. 
 
 Cummings, L. B., 260. 
 
 Cunningham, G. A., 405. 
 
 Cunningham, T. J., 312. 
 
 Cunningham & Luce, 312, 332. 
 
 Cuppy, Hazlitt A., 102. 
 
 Currie. See Harmon & Currie. 
 
 Currier, George W., 444. 
 
 Curry, Rev. 'Daniel, 166. 
 
 Curry, Rev. David, 184. 
 
 Curry, Otway, 215, 234. 
 
 Curtice, H. J., 454, 461. 
 
 Curtis, B. J., 322. 
 
 Curtis, B. W., 301, 338. 
 
 Curtis, Cyrus H. K., 249, 252. 
 
 Curtis, Emma J., 368. 
 
 Curtis, F. E., 126. 
 
 Curtis, Fred, 378. 
 
 Curtis, George William, 177. 
 
 Curtis, J. S., 335. 
 
 Curtis, Joseph, 399. 
 
 Curtis, T. D., 208. 
 
 Curtis, William E., 39. 
 
 Curtiss, D. S., 409. 
 
 Cushen & Gatewood, 282. 
 
 Cushing. See Plummer, Cushing & Co. 
 
 Cushing, Caleb, 115. 
 
 Cushing, E. H., 275. 
 
 Cushing, T. C, 115. 
 
 Cushman, E. A., 341. 
 
 Cushman, Rev. Elisha, 13. 
 
 Cushman, Elisha Jr., 13. 
 
 Cushman, Henry M., 263. 
 
 Cushman, W. B., 341. 
 
 Cushman, W. P., 76. 
 
 Cutler, James, 101. 
 
 Cutler, W. G., 380, 389. 
 
 Cutter, C. A., 182. 
 
 Cutter, W., 81. 
 
 Cutting, Rev. S. S., 173. 
 
 Cuyler, Jacob C, 153. 
 
 Cuyler & Henry, 153. 
 
 Cygnet (Ohio) papers, 226. 
 
 Cyzmaniak, John N., 351. 
 
 Daggett, Frank, 340, 351. 
 
 Dahlen, John N., 403. 
 
 Daily. See Byers & Daily. 
 
 Daily paper, first in America, 251. 
 
 Dairymen's papers, 330, 338, 404, 437. 
 
 Dakota Indians' papers, 268. 
 
 Dakota Territory papers, 66. See also 
 
 North Dakota and South Dakota. 
 Dale (Wis.) papers, 315. 
 Dalgaard, Louis, 48. 
 Dallam, Richard, 57. 
 Dallas (Tex.) papers, 274. 
 Dalles (Oregon) papers, 235. 
 Dalton, Carl, 352, 353. 
 Damrell. See Ford & Damrell ; also 
 
 Wilson, Damrell & Co. 
 Dana. See Meigs & Dana. 
 Dana, Charles A., 46, 198, 200. 
 Dana, Paul, 198. 
 Dana, Richard H., 92. 
 Dana, William B., 170, 192. 
 Danbury (Conn.) papers, 13. 
 Daniel, John M., 285, 287. 
 Daniels, W. B., 296. 
 Daniels, W. H., 215. 
 Daniels, W. J., 232. 
 Danielson, Peter, 333, 375. 
 Danish papers. See Denmark and 
 
 Scandinavian. 
 Dankoler, Annette, 396. 
 Dankoler, E. W., 396. 
 Dankoler, H. E., 396. 
 Danley, Capt. C. C, 3. 
 Danville (III.) papers, 33, 53. 
 Danville (Vt.) papers, 278. 
 Danziger, Henry, 221. 
 Darby & Van Pelt, 273. 
 Darien (Wis.) papers, 315. 
 Darlington, C. H., 416. 
 Darlington (Wis.) papers, 315, 316. 
 Darnall, H. A., 235. 
 Dartford (Wis.) papers, 456. 
 Davenport, J. H., 273. 
 Davenport (Iowa) papers, 64, 65. 
 Davidson, Commodore, 131. 
 Davidson, J. H., 424. 
 Davidson, John X., 131. 
 Davies, G. C, 223. 
 Davies, J. G., 380. 
 Davies, L. T., 314. 
 Davis. See Prouty, Davis & Crane. 
 Davis, A. P., 377. 
 Davis, Augustine, 285, 286, 289. 
 Davis, B. F., 412, 413. 
 Davis, B. S., 392. 
 Davis, Bancroft, 92. 
 Davis, Ben I., 257. 
 Davis, C. D., 338. 
 
 [522] 
 
Index 
 
 Davis, D. L., 348. 
 
 Davis, E. B., 348. 
 
 Davis, J. A. G., 281. 
 
 Davis, J. V. M., 415. 
 
 Davis, John B., 103. 
 
 Davis, John Morrison, 255. 
 
 Davis, L. E., 305. 
 
 Davis, M., 283. 
 
 Davis, M. M., 420. 
 
 Davis, Matthew I/., 199. 
 
 Davis, Moses, 145. 
 
 Davis, R. M., 359. 
 
 Davis, S. H., 37. 
 
 Davis, Thomas E., 77. 
 
 Davis, Thomas O., 32. 
 
 Davis, W. C, 268. 
 
 Davis, W. S., 282. 
 
 Davis, Walter B, 362, 363. 
 
 Davis & Armstrong, 259. 
 
 Davis & Pigg, 282. 
 
 Davis & Thompson, 415. 
 
 Davison, G. M., 279. 
 
 Dawes, A. G., 31. 
 
 Dawes, R. R., 369. 
 
 Dawley, W. H., 295. 
 
 Dawson. See Riordan & Dawson. 
 
 Dawson, Allan, 339. 
 
 Dawson, Frances R., 266. 
 
 Dawson, George, 152. 
 
 Dawson, Henry B., 210. 
 
 Dawson, William R., 133. 
 
 Day, Benjamin H., 198. 
 
 Day, C. L., 447. 
 
 Day, Calvin, 80. 
 
 Day, David M., 157. 
 
 Day, Rev. J. M., 42. 
 
 Day, John W., 89. 
 
 Day, Thomas M., 14. 
 
 Day, Wilson M., 223. 
 
 Day, Follett & Haskins, 157. 
 
 Dayton (Ohio) papers, 227, 228. 
 
 Deacon, Edmund, 252. 
 
 Deaf-mutes' papers, 64, 317. 
 
 Deal, William R., 223. 
 
 Dealy, T. W., 38. 
 
 Dean. See Gilbert & Dean. 
 
 Dean, Edmund C, 426. 
 
 Dean, J. Frank, 129. 
 
 Dean, W. C, 317, 462. 
 
 Dearbolt, Dr. Hoyt, 385. 
 
 Dearborn, Benjamin, 145. 
 
 Deare & Myer, 147. 
 
 Debs, Eugene V., 68, 227. 
 
 Decatur (Ala.) papers, 1. 
 
 Decatur (111.) papers, 53. 
 
 Dechert, Daniel, 282. 
 
 Decker, D. H., 377. 
 
 Decker, David, 334. 
 
 Decker, Edward, 294, 334, 348. 
 
 Decker, J. R., 314, 456. 
 
 Decorah (Iowa) papers, 65. 
 
 Dedham (Mass.) papers, 110. 
 
 Dee, George E., 311, 312. 
 
 Deerfleld (Wis.) papers, 316. 
 
 Deets. See Dunham & Deets. 
 
 Defebaugh, J. E., 41, 49. 
 
 De Foe, Daniel, 483. 
 
 De Forest (Wis.) papers, 316. 
 
 Degen, Robert, 148. 
 
 De Groff, J. W., 295, 374. 
 
 De Guerville. See Guerville. 
 
 De Haas. See Haas. 
 
 Deininger, George, 368. 
 
 Deissner, C. G., 453. 
 
 Deistarian papers, 123. 
 
 Delabar, August, 148. 
 
 Delany, Arthur W., 321, 331. 
 
 Delany, James, 331, 438. 
 
 Delany, John, 331, 360, 400. 
 
 Delany, John H., 200. 
 
 Delany, Joseph, 331. 
 
 Delavan (Wis.) papers, 316, 317. 
 
 Delaware papers, 18. 
 
 Delaware (Ohio) papers, 228. 
 
 Delhi (N. T.) papers, 158. 
 
 Deller, George T., 164. 
 
 Demarest, G. L., 221. 
 
 Deming, E., 216. 
 
 Democratic papers (Ark.), 3; (Cal.), 5; 
 (Conn.), 15; (D. C), 19-25; (Ga.), 
 27; (111.), 31, 35, 44, 50, 53; (Iowa), 
 66; (Kans.l, 71; (Ky.), 73; (La.), 
 78; (Maine), 80; (Md.), 82; (Mass.), 
 93, 113, 117; (Minn.), 131; (Mo.), 
 134, 137, 139; (Mont), 141; (Nebr.), 
 141, 142, (N. H.), 144-146; 
 (N. Mex.), 149; (N. T.), 150, 
 152, 155, 161-163, 173, 199, 203; 
 (N. C), 211; (Ohio), 213, 224, 226; 
 (Oregon), 236; (Pa.), 237, 238, 241, 
 245, 248, 252-254, 260; (Tenn.), 
 268, 270-272; (Tex.), 273-275; 
 (Vt.), 277, 278; (Va.), 280-282, 285, 
 287, 288; (Wash.), 290; (W. Va.), 
 292; (Wis.), 295, 297-305, 308-320, 
 322, 323, 327-331, 333-336, 338- 
 350, 352, 355, 358-361, 366-378, 380, 
 382-385, 389-392, 395, 396, 399-402, 
 406, 407, 409, 411-415, 417-428, 
 431, 432, 434-438, 440-449, 452, 453, 
 456-461. 
 
 Democratic-Republican papers (D. C), 
 19; (Maine), 79; (Md.), 84, 85; 
 (Mass.), 91, 93, 97, 103, 117; (N. J.), 
 147; (N. T.), 150, 152, 169, 177, 180, 
 192, 197, 203; (N. C), 211; (Ohio), 
 
 [523] 
 
Ind 
 
 ex 
 
 221; (Pa.), 240-242; (S. C), 264; 
 
 (Vt.), 279, 280; (Va.), 284-286, 288. 
 
 See also Anti-Federalist papers. 
 De Motte, W. H., 317. 
 Demphy, Walter K., 445. 
 Dempsey, S. P., 308. 
 Dempsey, T. H., 291. 
 Denio, John, 206. 
 Denmark papers, 472. 
 Dennie, Joseph, 146, 246, 252. 
 Dennis, Charles H., 53. 
 Dennis, Jere, 1. 
 Dennis, Thomas H., 292. 
 Denniston, D., 192. 
 Denny, Austin, 118. 
 Denny, George, 215. 
 Densmore, James, 323, 340, 346. 
 Denslow, V. B., 46. 
 Denton, J. M., 419. 
 Denver (Colo.) papers, 11, 12. 
 De Pere (Wis.) papers, 318. 
 DePeyster, J. Watts, 208. 
 DePuy, W. H-, 82, 154, 166, 243. 
 DeRacken, S. E., 464. 
 Derby, Miss N. E., 317. 
 Derrick. See White & Derrick. 
 Desmond, H. J., 370, 388. 
 Desmond, H. W., 192. 
 Des Moines (Iowa) papers, 130, 362. 
 Des Moines, Federal steamer, 76. 
 DeSoto (Wis.) papers, 318. 
 Detroit (Mich.) papers, 41, 119-122, 
 
 382. 
 Detwiler, C, 40. 
 Deuster, Dr. Oscar V., 395. 
 Deuster, P. V., 382, 389, 394, 395, 421. 
 Devereux, Henry L., 304, 309, 317. 
 Devier, Giles, 282. 
 Devier & Snyder, 282. 
 Devine, Edward T., 198, 243. 
 Devor, John D., 323. 
 Devor, William B., 309. 
 Dewey, A., 301, 429. 
 Dewey, • Adelbert M., 256. 
 Dewey, Charles C, 279, 
 Dewey, Melvil, 182. 
 Dewey & Co., 9. 
 DeWitt, Charles A., 310. 
 DeWitt, I. G., 356, 403. 
 DeWitt & DeWitt, 310. 
 Dexter, H. M., 92. 
 Dexter, I. S., 293. 
 DeYoung, Charles, 8. 
 DeYoung, Michael, 8. 
 Dicey. See Judson & Dicey. 
 Dickens, Asbury, 252. 
 Dickens, Charles, 248, 488. 
 
 Dickerson, C, 424. 
 
 Dickerson, Mrs. Emma Richardson, 32. 
 
 Dickerson, James S„ 33. 
 
 Dickie, Samuel, 41. 
 
 Dickinson, — , 350. 
 
 Dickinson. See Jeter & Dickinson. 
 
 Dickinson, A. F., 316. 
 
 Dickinson, E. A., 286. 
 
 Dickinson, John, 91. 
 
 Dickinson, Joseph, 335. 
 
 Dickinson, L. R., 287. 
 
 Dickman, Thomas, 111. 
 
 Dickson, David T., 358. 
 
 Dickson, William, 239. 
 
 Dietrichson, G. F., 361. 
 
 Dietrick, Jacob B., 288. 
 
 Dill, Mrs. — , 271. 
 
 Dill, Benjamin F., 271. 
 
 Dillingham, John H., 246. 
 
 Dimmick, J. L., 2. 
 
 Dingee, Mrs. M. D., 308 
 
 Dlngman, C A., 44. 
 
 Dinkle, E. S., 281. 
 
 Dinkle & Armstrong, 281. 
 
 Dinmore & Croper, 21. 
 
 Dinsdale, James, 439. 
 
 Dinsmore, E. F., 9. 
 
 Dion, L. N., 130. 
 
 District of Columbia papers, 19-26. 
 
 Dix, John A., 150, 152. 
 
 Dixon & Nicolson, 285, 288. 
 
 Dixon, George E., 309. 
 
 Dixon, John, 288, 289. 
 
 Dixon, L. M., 404. 
 
 Dixon, Samuel H., 274. 
 
 Dobson, William, 165. 
 
 Dockry, John F., 334. 
 
 Dodd, — , 219. 
 
 Dodd, Mead & Co., 165. 
 
 Dodds, Alexander, 91. 
 
 Dodge. See Martin & Dodge. 
 
 Dodge, Arthur J., 364, 376. 
 
 Dodge, Claude B., 294, 300. 
 
 Dodge, G. S., 341. 
 
 Dodge, J. E., 389. 
 
 Dodge, William C, 328. 
 
 Dodge Centre (Wis.) papers, 345. 
 
 Dodgeville (Wis.) papers, 297, 298, 318, 
 
 319. 
 ;Dodsworth, A. W., 169. 
 
 Doe, F. B., 360. 
 
 Doe, Joseph B., 343. 
 
 Doerflinger, Charles H., 385, 387. 
 
 "Doesticks." See Mortimer H. Thomp- 
 son. 
 
 Dolan, J. T., 49. 
 
 Dold, Charles, 43. 
 
 Domschcke, Bernard, 388. 
 
 [524] 
 
Index 
 
 Donahue & Dow, 415. 
 
 Donaldson, H. V., 47. 
 
 Donaldson, John B., 127. 
 
 Donaldson, Oscar P., 33. 
 
 Doniphan City (Kans. ) papers, 68. 
 
 Donnan, James M., 285. 
 
 Donnelly, George A., 51. 
 
 Donnelly, Ignatius, 132. 
 
 Donnelly, J. E. C, 177. 
 
 Donovan, C. W., 353, 389. 
 
 Donovan, W. C, 369, 453. 
 
 Donovan, William, 369. 
 
 Dooley, Thomas M., 43. 
 
 Doolittle, Eugene S., 324. 
 
 Doollttle, L. A., 406. 
 
 Door County (Wis.) history, 444. 
 
 Dornfleld, Rev. E., 385. 
 
 Dorr, John, 82. 
 
 Dorr, Robert E. A., 183. 
 
 Dorr & Howlaud, 118. 
 
 Dorsett, E. D., 300. 
 
 Dorwin, H. F., 58. 
 
 Doty, James D., 335. 
 
 Doty, Joseph M., 419, 454. 
 
 Doty, William M., 317, 332, 342, 351. 
 
 Doubleday, Ulysses F., 154. 
 
 Doubleday, Page & Co., 204. 
 
 Dougall, James D., 203. 
 
 Dougall, John, 189, 203. 
 
 Dougherty, Jonathan, 412. 
 
 Dougherty, W. E., 42. 
 
 Douglas, A. G., 34. 
 
 Douglas, Charles S.. 447. 
 
 Douglas, H. W., 184. 
 
 Douglas, J. W., 9. 
 
 Douglas, Malcolm C, 359, 377, 395. 
 
 Douglas, Stephen A., campaign organ, 
 
 392, 423, 438, 457 ; owned Wisconsin 
 
 land, 445. 
 Douglas, W. L., 109. 
 Douglas (Ariz.) papers, 2. 
 Douglass, Charles, 51. 
 Douglass, Frederick, 206. 
 Douglass, Walter C, 283. 
 Douglass & Conner, 61. 
 Douglasville (Ga.) papers, 28. 
 Dousman, — , 123. 
 Dousman (Wis.) farm school, 393. 
 Douthit, Jasper L., 58. 
 Dover (N. H.) papers, 144. 
 Dovery, Thomas, 301. 
 Dow, Miss Lura, 415. 
 Dow, J. B., 304. 
 Dow, 0. P., 415. 
 Dowe, Warren K., 202. 
 Dowle, John Alexander, 40. 
 Downer, Jason, 395, 396. 
 Downing, W. E., 445. 
 
 Dowst, N. P., 439. 
 
 Doyle, Edwards J., 326, 419. 
 
 Doyle, James, 19. 
 
 Doyle, L. H., 419. 
 
 Doyle, L. Hobart, 463. 
 
 Doyle, Lemuel Hastings, 326, 367, 393, 
 431, 463. 
 
 Draeger, F. A., 120. 
 
 Drake, Benjamin, 215, 218. 
 
 Drake, George M., 270. 
 
 Drake, J. G., 218. 
 
 Dramatic papers, 8, 171. See also Lit- 
 erary. 
 
 Draper, Edward, 99. 
 
 Draper, G. C, 375. 
 
 Draper, Rev. George B., 168. 
 
 Draper, John, 102. 
 
 Draper, Lyman C, 206, 500, 501. 
 
 Draper, Richard, 102. 
 
 Draper Manuscripts, 500, 501. 
 
 Drebert, F. T., 129. 
 
 Dreer, Thomas, 377. 
 
 Dreher, Jacob, 391. 
 
 Drescher, Martin, 120. 
 
 Dress reform papers, 161. 
 
 Dretzke. See Durnal & Dretzke. 
 
 Drew, Thomas, 118. 
 
 Dreyer, Theodore, 120. 
 
 Drlseoll, Frederick, 131. 
 
 Drown, M. J., 299, 300. 
 
 Druggists' papers, 341. 
 
 Drumb & Sutor, 311. 
 
 Drury, Hamilton, 278. 
 
 Drury, Rev. John B., 167. 
 
 Dryer, T. J., 236. 
 
 Duane, William, 241. 
 
 Dublin (Ireland) papers, 482. 
 
 Dubois, Fred T., 30. 
 
 DuBos, H., 78. 
 
 Dubuque (Iowa) papers, 64, 66. 
 
 DuBrul, E. F., 218. 
 
 Duckworth, R. F., 29. 
 
 Dudley, Mrs. Marion V., 397. 
 
 Duer, John, 90. 
 
 Duerr, C, 433. 
 
 Duffle, George C, 432. 
 
 Duffy, Sir C. Gavan, 482. 
 
 Duffy, Frank, 242. 
 
 Duffy, Patrick F., 438. 
 
 Duffy, T. J., 228. 
 
 Dufresne, E R., 130. 
 
 Dugdale, R J., 418. 
 
 Duhy, C. W., 77. 
 
 Duke (Ga.) papers, 28. 
 
 Dulles, Charles W., 250. 
 
 Duluth (Minn.) papers, 124,~446. 
 
 Dumars, James, 258. 
 
 Dumond, W. Z., 309. 
 
 [525] 
 
Index 
 
 Dunbar. See Caine, Sloan & Dunbar ; 
 
 also Morse & Dunbar. 
 Dunbar, Frank S., 451. 
 Duncan, J. B., 316. 
 Duncan, James, 22. 
 Duncan, Matthew, 59. 
 Duncan, T. C., 51. 
 Dunedin (N. Z.) papers, 479. 
 Dunglison, Prof. Eobley, 281. 
 Dunham, W. W., 262. 
 Dunham & Deets, 376. 
 Dunlap, Elmer, 318. 
 Dunlap, John, 83, 244, 250, 251. 
 Dunlavy, A. H., 229. 
 Dunn, — , 258. 
 Dunn, C. H., 338. 
 Dunn, Ernest A., 378. 
 Dunn, George F., 69. 
 Dunn, George E., 280. 
 Dunn, H. H., 324, 417, 463. 
 Dunn, I. S., 296, 324. 
 Dunn, J. S., 451. 
 Dunn, M. Ballard, 139. 
 Dunn, O. E., 446. 
 Dunn, T. K., 324, 463. 
 Dunn & Ferguson, 337. 
 Dunn, Semmes & Dodge, 457. 
 Dunning, Albert B., 92. 
 Dunning, J. B., 15. 
 Dunning, N. A., 26. 
 Dunning, S. Wright, 46, 191. 
 Dunning, Tertius, 15. 
 Dupre, George W., 78. 
 Durand, J., 171. 
 Durand (Wis.) papers, 320, 377. 
 Durban (Natal) papers, 480. 
 Durbin, J. P., 166. 
 Durham, William C, 280. 
 Durkee & Messer, 416. 
 Durnal & Dretzke, 301. 
 Durrie, Peck & Co., 15. 
 Durivage, Francis A., 97. 
 Dusold, Alexander M. G., 372. 
 DuSolle, John S., 254. 
 Dutch (Holland) papers, 122; (Wis.), 
 
 318, 436, 456. 
 Dutcher, Ward E., 410. 
 Duteher Brothers, 451. 
 Dutton & Wentworth, 107. 
 Duval. See Pleasants & Duval. 
 Duyckinck, Evert A., 182. 
 Duyckinck, George L., 182. 
 Dvorak, Charles, 51. 
 Dvorak, Wenzel M., 349, 353. 
 Dwight, E. H., 436. 
 Dwight, Francis, 159. 
 Dwight, Theodore, 150, 162. 
 Dwinnell, Solomon O., 428. 
 
 Dwyer, James J., 62. 
 Dyer, Josiah B., 22. 
 Dykins, C. W., 299, 306. 
 Dykins, James, 299. 
 Dynes, W. A., 129. 
 
 Eager, Frank D., 141. 
 Eagle River (Wis.) papers, 320. 
 Eames, Francis H., 323. 
 Earle, John M., 118. 
 Earles, Dr., W. H., 371. 
 Early, G. E., 333, 354. 
 Easley, Ralph M., 168. 
 East. See Templeton, East & Co. 
 Eart Boston (Mass.) papers, 110. 
 East Liverpool (Ohio) papers, 228. 
 East St. Louis (111.) papers, 53. 
 East Troy (Wis.) papers, 321. 
 Eastburn, John H., 88. 
 Eastin & Walker, 269. 
 Eastman, E. G., 144. 
 Eastman, F. A., 392, 453. 
 Eastman, George C, 122. 
 Eastman, Harry E., 336. 
 Eastman, Henry F., 436. 
 Eastman, J. A., 328. 
 Eastman, John C, 39. 
 Eastman, Thomas, 417. 
 Easton, Laird, 371. 
 Easton (Md.) papers, 86. 
 Easton (Mass.) papers, 110. 
 Easton (Pa.) papers, 238. 
 Eaton, C. C, 314. 
 Eaton, E. D., 303. 
 Eaton, Ebenezer, 278. 
 Eaton, Horace M., 105. 
 Eaton, Mary M., 368. 
 Eaton, N. H., 278. 
 Eaton, Oliver P., 210. 
 Eaton (Ohio) papers, 221. 
 Eau Claire (Wis.) papers, 299, 321. 
 Ecausse, Charles, 78. 
 Ecclesine, J. B., 200. 
 Eckford, Robert, 132. 
 Economists' papers, 45. Seie also Po- 
 litical Science. 
 Eddy, Thomas M., 33. 
 Eden, Maj. Robert C, 284, 413. 
 Eden Vale (Cal.) papers, 4. 
 Edes, Benjamin, 95,- 262. 
 Edes, Charles E., 401. 
 Edes, George, 461. 
 Edes, Peter, 95, 262. 
 Edes, W. H., 401. 
 Edgar, W. H., 135. 
 Edgar, William C, 352. 
 Edgerton, J. J., 44. 
 Edgerton (Wis.) papers, 322. 
 
 [526] 
 
Index 
 
 Edinburgh (Scotl.) papers, 483. 
 
 Edison (Wash.) papers, 289. 
 
 Edlln, William, 111. 
 
 Edmands. See Lincoln & Edmands. 
 
 Edmonds, George B., 434. 
 
 Educational papers (Ala.), 3; (Can- 
 ada), 468-471; (111.), 40; (Mass.), 
 106, 110; (Mo.), 138; (N. Y.), 159, 
 208; (Ohio), 213; (Va.), 282; 
 (Wis.), 337, 341, 363-365, 367, 377, 
 385, 390, 392, 394, 426, 427. 
 
 Edwards, A. S., 48 55, 396. 
 
 Edwards, Arthur, 33. 
 
 Edwards, E., 414. 
 
 Edwards, P. M., 435. 
 
 Edwards, George C, 274. 
 
 Edwards, Ira C, 299, 367, 393, 432. 
 
 Edwards, James G., 64. 
 
 Edwards, Jonathan, 14, 99. 
 
 Edwards, Lauren, 409. 
 
 Edwards, Morris, 301. 
 
 Edwards & Beardsley, 64. 
 
 Edwardsville (Ind.) papers, 59. 
 
 Eels, Nathaniel, 17. 
 
 Efflnger, W. H., 282. 
 
 Egan, James B., 233. 
 
 Egery, E. A., 295, 425. 
 
 Egger, Rev. Thomas, 127. 
 
 Egry, Frederick, 228. 
 
 Ehrman, Henry S., 325, 329, 435, 445. 
 
 Eichbaum & Johnston, 259. 
 
 Eicholz, Heinrich yon, 435. 
 
 Eike, Paul Vander, 411. 
 
 Eills, John, 111. 
 
 Ela, D. H., 100. 
 
 Elam, W. C, 287. 
 
 Eldridge, J. D., 320. 
 
 Eldridge, Maurice E., 6. 
 
 Electrical Exhibition, organ, 244. 
 
 Electrical Workers' papers, 58, 209, 
 486. 
 
 Elevator Constructors' papers, 35. 
 
 Elgin (111.) papers, 53, 54. 
 
 Ellas, J., 427. 
 
 Elizabeth (N. J.) papers, 147. 
 
 Elizabethton (Tenn.) papers, 270. 
 
 Elizabethtown (N. J.) papers, 147. 
 
 Elkhorn (Wis.) papers, 322, 323, 415. 
 
 Ellarson, J. T., 458. 
 
 Ellenbecker, J. N., 437. 
 
 Eller, Homer C, 132. 
 
 Ellerman, H., 297. 
 
 Ellertson, Jacob, 366. 
 
 Ellicott, G. S., 440. 
 
 Ellicott's Mills (Md.) papers, 86. 
 
 Ellicottville (N. T.) papers, 158. 
 
 Elliott, Charles D., 327. 
 
 Elliott, Charles W., 217. 
 
 Elliott, Eugene S., 390. 
 
 Elliott, Frank, 294. 
 
 Elliott, H. G., 403. 
 
 Elliott, James, 245. 
 
 Elliott, L. R., 67, 70. 
 
 Elliott, T. G., 281. 
 
 Elliott, Wyatt M., 287. 
 
 Elliott & Richards, 264. 
 
 Elliott & Styles, 248. 
 
 Ellis, Albert G., 335, 336, 442, 443. 
 
 Ellison, C. S., 321. 
 
 Ellsworth, Claremce H., 431. 
 
 Ellsworth, E. N„ 431. 
 
 Ellsworth (Wis.) papers, 324. 
 
 Ellwood, G. C, 311, 429. 
 
 Ellyson H. K., 285. 
 
 Ellyson, J. T., 286. 
 
 Elmb'ad, Magnus, 49. 
 
 Elmergreen, A. F., 371. 
 
 Elmira (N. Y.) papers, 158. 
 
 Elroy (Wis.) papers, 324. 
 
 Eltzholtz, Carl F., 40. 
 
 Elyerson, James, 248. 
 
 Elward, Rodney A., 357. 
 
 Elwell, Joseph S., 339, 351, 352. 
 
 Ely. See Morris & Ely. 
 
 Ely, Seneca W., 215, 217. 
 
 Ely & Allen, 213. 
 
 Ely, Allen & Looker, 215. 
 
 Emerson, Addison, 454, 461. 
 
 Emerson, C. L., 131. 
 
 Emerson, Caleb, 230. 
 
 Emerson, George D., 123. 
 
 Emerson, Joseph C., 145. 
 
 Emery, Henry D., 35, 44. 
 
 Emery, Samuel C, 398. 
 
 Emmers, Henry, 335. 
 
 Emmet, Prof. John Patton, 281. 
 
 Emporia (Kans.) papers, 68. 
 
 Emrich, Henry, 175. 
 
 Enander, John A., 37. 
 
 Ender, August, 320. 
 
 Enert, Julius, 372. 
 
 Engberg, Jonas, 37. 
 
 Engelmann, Joseph, 453. 
 
 Engineers' papers, 106, 155, 172, 173, 
 
 197, 198, 201, 426, 496. 
 England, G. A., 383. 
 England, M. J., 55. 
 England. See United Kingdom. 
 Engles, William M., 253. 
 English, R. F., 271. 
 Enos, James L., 363, 427. 
 Enstrbm, James M., 373. 
 Enterprise (Kans.) papers, 68. 
 Entwisle, G. E., 280. 
 
 [527] 
 
Index 
 
 Episcopal papers. See Protestant Epis- 
 copal. 
 
 Equal suffrage. See Suffragist. 
 
 Equality (Wash.) papers, 289. 
 
 Erb, Charles W., 413. 
 
 Erb, HeTman, 297. 
 
 Erb, Schindelmeisen & Co., 297. 
 
 Ericksen, John L., 236, 447. 
 
 Erie (Pa.) papers, 238. 
 
 Ernst, A. P., 385. 
 
 Ernst, E. Z., 70. 
 
 Errett, Russel, 258, 259. 
 
 Ervin, Clarke, 36. 
 
 Erving, J. F., 344. 
 
 Esch, George, 440. 
 
 Esch, J. J., 358. 
 
 Eshelman, E. B., 226. 
 
 Esopus (N. T.). See Kingston. 
 
 Esser, Bernhard, 368. 
 
 Esser, John, 435. 
 
 Estero (Fla.) papers, 26, 37. 
 
 Etheridge, Samuel, 101. 
 
 Ethical Culture papers, 244. 
 
 Euen, William, 386, 456. 
 
 Eugene (Oregon) papers, 235. 
 
 Eugenics, papers supporting, 5, 40, 41. 
 
 Eureka (Cal.) papers, 4. 
 
 Eureka (Wis.) papers, 325. 
 
 Evangelical Lutheran Church, organ, 
 240. See also. Lutheran. 
 
 Eyans, Charles, 245. 
 
 Evans, Charles Horace, 51. 
 
 Evans, Clinton B., 35. 
 
 Evans, P. W., 152. 
 
 Evans, Henry, 266. 
 
 Evans, Henry S., 261. 
 
 Evans, Horace J., 412. 
 
 Evans, E. C, 375. 
 
 Evans, W. J., 451. 
 
 Evanston (111.) papers, 51. 
 
 Evansville (Ind.) papers, 60. 
 
 Evansville (Wis.) papers, 325. 
 
 Everdell, Lyman B., 305, 432. 
 
 Everett, Charles H., 425. 
 
 Everett, Edward, 89. 
 
 Everett, P. E., 300. 
 
 Everett & Munroe, 103. 
 
 Everett (Wash.) papers, 289. 
 
 Everill, Thomas A., 379. 
 
 Ewald. See Pratt & Ewald. 
 
 Ewe, Lewis, 347. 
 
 Ewer, W. B., 9. 
 
 Ewing, E. E., 71. 
 
 Ewing, J. E., 174. 
 
 Exeter (W. H.) papers, 144, 227. 
 
 Eyre, T. L., 261. 
 
 Fabian Education Society, 94. 
 
 Pagg, T. J. C, 135. 
 
 Fahnestock, Conrad, 238. 
 
 Falrall, Herbert S., 446. 
 
 Fairbairn, John, 480. 
 
 Fairbank, D. W., 219. 
 
 Fairbanks & Willard, 232. 
 
 Fairbanks (Alaska) papers, 2. 
 
 Fairbrother, Mary, 10. 
 
 Fairchild, C. M., 373. 
 
 Fairchild, W. B., 234. 
 
 Fairchild (Wig.) papers, 325. 
 
 Fairhope (Ala.) papers, 1. 
 
 Fairs, journals of, 13, 52, 89, 93, 156, 
 
 181, 196, 224, 389. 
 Falb, A. T., 425. 
 Fales, Imogene C, 155. 
 Falk, Carl F., 382. 
 Fall River (Mass.) papers, 110. 
 Fall River (Wis.) papers, 326. 
 Fallon, John, 453. 
 Fallows, Samuel, 369, 383. 
 Falmouth (Maine) papers, 79. 
 Fanteck, P. J., 379. 
 Farber, Charles G., 329. 
 Fargo (N. Dak.) papers, 212. 
 Faribault (Minn.) papers, 124. 
 Farlin, E. G., 297, 329. 
 Farmer, W. E, 275. 
 Farmington (Maine) papers, 79. 
 Farnham, W. H., 440. 
 Farnsworth, B. F., 108. 
 Farnsworth, H, 18. 
 Farnsworth, Isaac, 342. 
 Farnsworth, O., 18. 
 Farnum, Alonzo L., 354. 
 Farnum, Edgar J., 323, 354. 
 Farnum, H. R., 306, 328. 
 Farnum, M., 118. 
 Farquharson, H. D„ 308, 356. 
 Farran. See Mawson & Farran. 
 Parrand, Mallory & Co., 102. 
 Farrar, George E., 303. 
 Parrar, Josiah T., 459. 
 Farrar, S. F., 39. 
 Farrel, John A., 301. 
 Fashion papers, 171, 177, 382. 
 Fassett, F. G., 81. 
 "Fat Contributor." See A. M. Gris- 
 
 wold. 
 Faulds, J. G„ 297. 
 Faulds, J. R., 340. 
 Paulds, W. P., 340. 
 Faxon, Charles O., 269. 
 Fay, Edward W., 92. 
 Fay, Elliot, 205. 
 Fay, L. M., 360, 370. 
 Fay, M. A., 314. 
 
 [528] 
 
Ind 
 
 ex 
 
 Pay, Mrs. Mattie, 314. 
 
 Fay, Theodore S., 185. 
 
 Fay, William, 279. 
 
 Fayette (Wis.) papers, 326. 
 
 Fayetteville (N. C.) papers, 211. 
 
 Fayetteville (N. Y.) papers, 158. 
 
 Featherston, F. L., 242. 
 
 Federalist papers (Conn.), 14; (D. C), 
 19, 21; (Ky.), 73; (Mass.), 88, 90, 
 95, 114, 118; (N. H.), 146; (N. J.), 
 149; (N. Y.), 150, 151, 172, 176, 178, 
 180, 190; (Ohio), 230, 231; (Pa.), 
 245, 246, 259, 261 ; (R. I.), 262, 263, 
 (S. C), 265; (Vt.), 279; (Va.), 280, 
 288, 289. 
 
 Federalsburg (Md.) papers, 87. 
 
 Federation of Labor, organ, 151, 174. 
 See also Labor. 
 
 Fee, Robert, 230. 
 
 Feeney, J. L., 19. 
 
 Fehlandt, Carl, 421. 
 
 Fehr, O. L., 238. 
 
 Felker, C. W., 412, 414. 
 
 Fell, Frederick S., 29. 
 
 Fell, Jesse, 164. 
 
 Fellows, C, 206. 
 
 Felseecker, F. J., 394. 
 
 Felt, Andrew J., 67. 
 
 Felt & Skinner, 67. 
 
 Felton, D. C, 413. 
 
 Fenn, Theophilus, 239. 
 
 Fennelly, Ed., 333. 
 
 Fennimore (Wis.), 326. 
 
 Fenno, John, 176, 246. 
 
 Fergus Falls (Minn.) papers, 124, 128. 
 
 Ferguson, B., 161. 
 
 Ferguson, W. P. F., 269. 
 
 Ferguson & Rozell, 337. 
 
 Ferguson (Mo.) papers, 134. 
 
 Fernandez, Dudley W., 361, 370, 412, 
 414. 
 
 Fernon, Thomas S., 193. 
 
 Ferres, James M., 468. 
 
 Ferrier, J. Todd, 488. 
 
 Fessenden, Thomas G., 94, 146, 179. 
 
 Ferrier, W. W., 9. 
 
 Ferris, Rev. J. M., 167. 
 
 Fessler, James, 334. 
 
 Feuerpfeil & Bruins, 372. 
 
 Fick, Henry, 385. 
 
 Field, Cyrus W., 183. 
 
 Field, J. A., 137. 
 
 Fielder, J. T., 292. 
 
 Fields. See Johnson & Fields. 
 
 Fields, W. H., 337. 
 
 Fields, Osgood & Co., 94. 
 
 Fife, George Buchanan, 177. 
 
 Fifleld, H. O., 298, 301. 
 
 Fifleld, Samuel S., 298, 301, 327, 411. 
 Fifleld (Wis.) papers, 326. 
 Figolah, William, 37. 
 Fillmore, F. B., 303, 402. 
 Fillmore, John S., 384, 395, 396. 
 Financial papers, 84, 174, 183, 185, 
 
 192, 194, 202. 
 Finch, W. R., 353, 440. 
 Finche, — , 245. 
 Findlay (Ohio) papers, 228. 
 Findley, A. I., 223. 
 Fink, Bruno E., 388. 
 Finn, Albert H., 123. 
 Finn, David, 378. 
 Finney, Charles G., 231, 412, 413. 
 Finney & Davis, 413. 
 Finnish papers, 111, 122. 
 Finsand, Einar, 292. 
 Firemen's papers, 143, 174, 233. See 
 
 also Railways : employees. 
 Fischer, — , 352. 
 Fischer, Adolph, 347. 
 Fischer, Jacob, 61. 
 Fischer, Otto, 148. 
 Fish. See Hinckley & Fish. 
 Fish, A. C, 425. 
 Fish, A. T., 33. 
 Fish, W. R., 78. 
 Fish, William H., 113. 
 Fish Brothers & Co., 425. 
 Fishback, P. J., 225. 
 Fishback, W. N., 4. 
 Fishburne, C. D., 281. 
 Fisher, Charles L., 334. 
 Fisher, James B., 261. 
 Fisher, Lucius G., 304. 
 Fishkill (N. T.) papers, 159. 
 Fishklll Landing (N. Y.) papers, 159. 
 Fishier, G. W., 432. 
 Fisk, Allen, 209. 
 Flsk, D. D., 144. 
 Fiske, Charles W., 322. 
 Fitch. See Bennett & Fitch. 
 Fitch, Charles W., 311, 371, 426. 
 Fitch, George K., 7. 
 Fitch, James V., 305, 331, 431. 
 Fitch, Thomas, 386. 
 Fitch, W. H., 314. 
 Fitchburg (Mass.) papers, 111. 
 Fithian, M., 242. 
 Fitzgerald, Joseph, 200. 
 Fitzgerald, Rev. 0. P., 272. 
 Flagg, Edmund, 75. 
 Flagg, H. C, 338. 
 Flanagan, S. L., 240. 
 Flanders, A. R., 385. 
 Flanders, J. G., 390. 
 Flanders, J. R., 350. 
 
 34— N. C. 
 
 [529 
 
Index 
 
 Flannery, John, 230. 
 
 Flavin Brothers, 391. 
 
 Fleck, Willibald, 381. 
 
 Fleeson, I. N., 275. 
 
 Fleeson, Eeece C, 258. 
 
 Fleet, John, 103. 
 
 Fleet, Thomas, 103. 
 
 Fleet, Thomas Jr., 103. 
 
 Fleischer, F., 350. 
 
 Fleischer, K. J., 361. 
 
 Fleming, E. H., 31. 
 
 Fleming, John, 91. 
 
 Fleming, R. K., 31. 
 
 Fleming, Rufus, 221. 
 
 Fleming, W. K., 31. 
 
 Flaming & McKinney, 270. 
 
 Fletcher. See Carpenter & Fletcher. 
 
 Fletcher, Elijah, 283. 
 
 Flickinger, Samuel J., 225. 
 
 Flint, J. T., 377. 
 
 Flint, Kingman, 329. 
 
 Flint, Rockwell J., 377, 423. 
 
 Flood, C. B., 120. 
 
 Florence, Thomas B., 254. 
 
 Florence (Italy) papers, 478. 
 
 Florence (Wis.) papers, 326. 
 
 Florida papers, 26. 
 
 Flower, — . 298. 
 
 Flower, B. Q., 42. 
 
 Flower, Frank A., 383, 446, 447. 
 
 Floyd, Joel G., 24. 
 
 Fogo, S. W., 430. 
 
 Fogo, W. M., 368, 429, 430. 
 
 Foley, John, 310. 
 
 Folge, Hubert, 371. 
 
 Follett. See Day, Follett & Haskins. 
 
 Follett, Dwight I., 335. 
 
 Follett, Mrs. Rosamond, 335. 
 
 Folsom, C. W., 433. 
 
 Folsom, John W., 99. 
 
 Folsom, Moses, 64. 
 
 Fonda, L. D., 459. 
 
 Fond du Lac (Wis.) papers, 296, 326- 
 
 329, 362, 413. 
 Fontaine, A. L., 333. 
 Foord, John, 177. 
 Foote, A. B., 279. 
 Foote, A. S., 350, 351. 
 Foote, Allen Ripley, 45. 
 Foote, C. E., 446. 
 Foote, Caleb, 115. 
 Foote, Frederick W., 147. 
 Foote, John P., 218. 
 Foote, Luman, 277. 
 Foran, M. A., 223. 
 Forbes, G. V. H., 102. 
 Forbes, S. D., 460. 
 Forbes & Pratt, 325. 
 
 Force, Peter, 22. 
 
 Ford, — , 448. 
 
 Ford, George R., 389. 
 
 Ford, J., 397. 
 
 Ford, John, 109. 
 
 Ford, John S., 273. 
 
 Ford, Joshua G., 299. 
 
 Ford, M. J., 157. 
 
 Ford, Patrick, 180. 
 
 Ford, Patrick H., 137. 
 
 Ford, Paul L., 182. 
 
 Ford, Thomas, 55. 
 
 Ford & Damrell, 99. 
 
 Forestry papers, 21. 
 
 Forker, Reuben, 149. 
 
 Forks. See Bantham, Forks & Co. 
 
 Forman, Allan, 180. 
 
 Forney, — , 245. 
 
 Forney, D. C, 20. 
 
 Forney, John W., 20, 239, 252, 253. 
 
 Forney, M. N., 46, 191. 
 
 Forrest, G., 171. 
 
 Forrest, J. E., 39. 
 
 Forrest, J. K. C, 50. 
 
 Forrest, Mark, 399. 
 
 Forsen, Gustav L., 373. 
 
 Fort Atkinson (Wis.) papers, 329, 330. 
 
 Fort Howard (Wis.) papers, 330. 
 
 Fort Pickering (Tenn.) papers, 271. 
 
 Fort Scott (Kans.) papers, 68. 
 
 Fort Smith (Ark.) papers, 3. 
 
 Fort Titus (Kans.), in border war, 69. 
 
 Fort Wayne (Ind.) papers, 50. 
 
 Fort Winnebago (Wis.) papers, 331; 
 
 history, 314. 
 Fort Worth (Tex.) papers, 274, 275. 
 Fosdick, Marvin, 123. 
 Foss, Fred, 355. 
 Foss, H. A., 127, 212. 
 Foss, S. S., 118. 
 Foster. See Brown & Foster ; also 
 
 Schoepflin & Foster. 
 Foster, Arthur G., 428, 448. 
 Foster, C, 217. 
 Foster, C. G., 304. 
 Foster, Frank K., 100, 111. 
 Foster, George F., 416. 
 Foster, J., 433. 
 Foster, J. Heron, 258. 
 Foster, John, 456, 457. 
 Foster, John H., 281. 
 Foster, N. A., 81. 
 Foster, Robert, 227. 
 Foster, Sidney A., 320. 
 Foster, Dr. Thomas, 130. 
 Fouke, P. B., 31. 
 Founders' papers, 119. 
 Fountain City (Wis.) papers, 331. 
 
 [530] 
 
Index 
 
 Fourierism, advocated, 200. 
 
 Fouse, Hirschberger & Co., 390. 
 
 Fowle, Daniel, 88, 146. 
 
 Fowler, A., 266. 
 
 Fowler, Henry, 50. 
 
 Fowler, J. B., 290. 
 
 Fowler, Stanley G., 46. 
 
 Fowler, Walter S., 433. 
 
 Fowler & Wells, 182. 
 
 Fox, Jay, 290. 
 
 Fox Lake (Wis.) papers, 331, 332. 
 
 Fraenkel, Robert, 457. 
 
 France, papers, 472—475. 
 
 Francis, — , 15. 
 
 Francis. See Munroe & Francis. 
 
 Francis, Charles S., 209. 
 
 Francis, J. M., 208, 209. 
 
 Francis, Josiah, 58. 
 
 Francis, Simeon, 58. 
 
 Franciscans. See Missionary. 
 
 Francisco, Caytile, Mathes & Otis, 5. 
 
 Franckenberg, Arthur, 459. 
 
 Frank, Michael, 304, 346, 347. 
 
 Franke, A., 333. 
 
 Frankfort (Germany) papers, 475. 
 
 Frankfort (Ky.) papers, 72, 73, 269. 
 
 Franklin, Benjamin, 93, 240, 247, 468 
 
 Franklin, J. A., 69. 
 
 Franklin, James, 93. 
 
 Franklin, James Jr., 262. 
 
 Franklin (La.) papers, 76. 
 
 Franklin Institute, organ, 183. 
 
 Franz, J. L., 136. 
 
 Fraternal societies, papers, 54, 75, 380, 
 
 405. See a'so Masonic, Oddfellows, 
 
 and Greek Letter Societies. 
 Fratny. Frederick, 382. 
 Frazier, Gertrude, 449. 
 Frazier, J. H., 449. 
 Frazier, M. V., 306, 338. 
 Frazier & Frazier, 439. 
 Frease, George B., 213. 
 Frederick, George B., 349, 353. 
 Frederick, Harold, 152. 
 Frederick, B. B., 424. 
 Frederick & Hamilton, 142. 
 Frederick (Md.) papers, 87. 
 Fredericksburg (Va.) papers, 282. 
 Free Soil party papers (111.), 31, 35; 
 
 (Kans.), 67, 69; (Mass.), 117; (Mo.), 
 
 137; (Pa.), 260; Wis.), 323, 331,343, 
 
 358, 360, 370, 402, 409, 412, 425. 
 
 See also Anti-Slavery, and Liberty 
 
 party. 
 Free-thinkers' papers, 8, 195, 236, 290, 
 
 367, 386, 397, 476. 
 Free trade, advocated, 95, 190. 
 Freedmen's papers (Pa.), 245. 
 
 Freeman. See Marston & Freeman. 
 
 Freeman & Andrews, 98. 
 
 Freemasons' papers. See Masonic. 
 
 Freeport (111.) papers, 54. 
 
 Freer, Theodore, 349. 
 
 Freischmidt, Carl, 377. 
 
 Freischmidt, Herman, 377. 
 
 Fremont, John C, campaign papers, 
 
 331, 358. See also Free Soil. 
 French, Bben, 93. 
 French, Ebenezer, 85, 99. 
 French, George, 124. 
 French, M. C, 446, 447. 
 French, Volney C, 346, 347. 
 French, W. B., 243. 
 French, Will J., 9. 
 
 French papers (Belgium), 466; (Can- 
 ada), 468, 469; (Denmark), 472; 
 
 (England), 487; (France), 472-475; 
 
 (Holland), 477; (111.), 34, 35, 39, 56; 
 
 (La.), 76-78; (Mass.), 93; (Minn.). 
 
 130; (N. J.), 149; (N. T.), 170, 188; 
 
 (Pa.), 237, 240; (West Indies), 497; 
 
 (Wis.), 385. 
 French Revolution, supported, 241. 
 Freneau, Peter, 264. 
 Fretieau, Philip, 147, 162, 199, 246. 
 Freneau & Williams, 264. 
 Frentz, Theodore, 413. 
 Fresno (Cal.) papers, 4. 
 Frey, John P., 218. 
 Friedlander, J. G., 156. 
 Friedlander, Theodore, 413. 
 Friends' papers. See Quakers. 
 Friendship (Wis.) papers, 332. 
 Fries, Rudolph, 164. 
 Friese, A. N., 387. 
 Fritz, George, 30. 
 Fritz, Thad S., 48. 
 FrBlich, — , 365. 
 Frost, J. Wilson, 319. 
 Fry, William, 247. 
 Fuchs, — , 361. 
 Fuchs, Jacob, 120. 
 Fuller, Andrew S., 186. 
 Fuller, H., 185. 
 Fuller, Henry H., 88. 
 Fuller, N. W., 425, 431. 
 Fuller, W. J. A., 395. 
 Fuller. Zelotes, 249. 
 Fullerton, Charles H., 330, 357. 
 Fullmer, B. M., 357. 
 Fulton, Charles C, 82. 
 Fulton, David C, 339. 
 Fulton, Rev. John, 41, 243. 
 Fulton, Marcus A., 339. 
 Fulton (111.) papers, 54. 
 Funk, J. K., 182. 
 
 [531 
 
Index 
 
 Funk, Rev. W. E., 227. 
 
 Funk & Wagnalls, 182. 
 
 Furay, W. S., 225. 
 
 Furguson, John M., 288. 
 
 Furniture Workers' papers, 175, 185, 
 
 217. 
 Furste, C, 290. 
 
 Gaffney, Thomas M., 208. 
 
 Gaffron, Otto, 419. 
 
 Gage, F. W., 357. 
 
 Gaillardet, Frederick, 170. 
 
 Gaine, Hugh, 176, 184. 
 
 Gaines, H. W., 71. 
 
 Gale, George, 323, 332. 
 
 Gale, H. R., 332. 
 
 Galena (111.) papers, 54, 55. 
 
 Gales, Joseph Sr., 211. 
 
 Gales, Joseph, 247. 
 
 Gales, Western R., 211. 
 
 Gales & Seaton, 22. 
 
 Galesburg (111.) papers, 32, 37, 55. 
 
 Galesville (Wis.) papers, 332. 
 
 Gallagher, W. D., 217-219, 225. 
 
 Gallaher, H. N., 292. 
 
 Gallaher, John S., 287, 292. 
 
 Gallaher, W. B. B., 292. 
 
 Gallaway, M. C, 271. 
 
 Gallipolis (Ohio) papers, 228. 
 
 Galoskowsky, Theodore S., 220. 
 
 Galusha, Rev. — , 209. 
 
 Galva (111.) papers, 55. 
 
 Gannon, Cress, 9. 
 
 Gansz, A. C, 135. 
 
 Gansz, Philip, 135. 
 
 Ganz, Edwin F., 295. 
 
 Garber, A. R., 288. 
 
 Gardeners' papers, 66. 
 
 Gardiner, James B., 234. 
 
 Gardner, Melzar, 13. 
 
 Gardner, S. B., 402. 
 
 Gardner, Walter B., 335, 399. 
 
 Garland, Caroline M., 31. 
 
 Garland, D. D., 348. 
 
 Garland, George C, 348. 
 
 Garment Makers' papers, 169, 175. 
 
 See also Tailors. 
 Garnsey, D. B., 89. 
 Garren, A. W., 238. 
 Garrison, Wendell P., 186. 
 Garrison, William Lloyd, 95, 100, 102, 
 
 108. 
 Garvin, B. L., & Co., 163. 
 Gary, George, 364, 412, 413. 
 Gary, George W., 280. 
 Gaskins, C. C, 33. 
 Gass, J. M., 65. 
 Gaston, Ernest B., 1. 
 
 Gates, Clough, 447. 
 
 Gates, George A., 126. 
 
 Gates, W. H., 213. 
 
 Gates, W. R., 423. 
 
 Gatewood. See Cushen & Gatewood. 
 
 Gauding, H. W., 258. 
 
 Gausewitz, C, 385. 
 
 Gay, Charles M., 279. 
 
 Gay, Edgar A., 127. 
 
 Gay, Sidney Howard, 163, 200. 
 
 Gaylor, S. D., 394. 
 
 Gaylord, Willis, 151. 
 
 Gaynor, J. A., 453. 
 
 Gazzam, Audley W., 164. 
 
 Gearity, J. Britt, 149. 
 
 Gebhardt, Carl, 368. 
 
 Geisler, F., 378. 
 
 Geisenheimer, Frank, 349. 
 
 Gelatt, Roland B., 74, 128, 349, 352. 
 
 Gelley, P. N., 130. 
 
 Geneva (N. T.) papers, 159. 
 
 Geneva (Wis). See Lake Geneva. 
 
 Gennrich. See Baensch & Gennrich. 
 
 Genoa Junction (Wis.) papers, 333. 
 
 George, C. F., 331, 425. 
 
 George, H. C, 331. 
 
 George, Henry, 182. 
 
 George, Isaac D., 347. 
 
 George, Milton, 47. 
 
 George, William, 337, 459. 
 
 Georgetown (D. C.) papers, 19. 
 
 Georgetown (Ky.) papers, 73. 
 
 Georgia papers, 27-29. 
 
 Geragty, P. J„ 132. 
 
 Gere, H. S., 114. 
 
 German papers (Argentine), 465; 
 (Austria). 466; (Cal.), 7, 10; (Ger- 
 many), 475-177; (111.), 32, 36, 42, 
 52; (Ind.), 60; (Iowa), 65; (Kans.), 
 68; (Mass.), 95, 111; (Mich.), 120, 
 121; (Minn.), 132, 133; (Mo.), 136- 
 138, 140; (N. Y.), 155, 162-165, 172, 
 175, 185, 192, 197, 199, 201, 202; 
 (Ohio), 215, 220-222, 224; (Pa.), 
 237, 238, 245, 255, 256, 259; (Switz- 
 erland), 481; (Wis.), 295-297, 310, 
 321, 327, 330, 331, 334-336, 344, 345, 
 347, 351-354, 359, 361-363, 365, 368, 
 370, 371, 376, 377, 379-383, 385- 
 390, 394, 396-398, 413, 414, 421, 
 426, 428, 433, 435, 437, 452, 457, 
 458, 460. 
 
 German Evangelical Church papers, 201. 
 See also Lutheran. 
 
 Germany, papers, 475-477. 
 
 Gerner, — , 176. 
 
 "Gerrymander," origin of term, 90. 
 
 Gessler, F. B., 301. 
 
 [532] 
 
Index 
 
 Gessner, Prank M., 259. 
 
 Gettlngs, M. T., 402, 403. 
 
 Geuda Springs (Kans.) papers, 68. 
 
 Gibbon, Thomas B., 5. 
 
 Glbbs, M. H., 411. 
 
 Gibbs, Oliver, 423. 
 
 Glbbs, Oscar C, 36. 
 
 Gibson, A. J., 219. 
 
 Gibson, G. W., 33. 
 
 Gibson, George H., 28, 142. 
 
 Gibson, Moses S., 340. 
 
 Gibson, W. T., 168, 210. 
 
 Gibson, William Jr., 172. 
 
 Giddings, Joseph A., 229. 
 
 Giddings, Joshua R., 229. 
 
 Giegerich, Bert, 422. 
 
 Glegerich & Just, 422. 
 
 Gifford, George C, 305. 
 
 Gilbert, "Father," 356. 
 
 Gilbert, D. M. Jr., 239. 
 
 Gilbert, John, 226. 
 
 Gilbert, Joseph, 244, 291. 
 
 Gilbert, O. H., 315. 
 
 Gilbert, Simeon, 32. 
 
 Gilbert & Dean, 100. 
 
 Gilder, Jeanette L., 171. 
 
 Gilder, Joseph B., 171. 
 
 Gildersleeve, B., 286. 
 
 Gile, R. H., 379. 
 
 Giles, W. A., 444. 
 
 Giles, W. T., 54, 401. 
 
 Gilkey, George E., 340, 401. 
 
 Gllkey, George W. 294, 295, 321. 
 
 Gilkey, H. W., 410. 
 
 Gill, Charles R., 452. 
 
 Gill, John, 95, 99. 
 
 Gille, Charles J., 414. 
 
 Gillespie, C. C, 275. 
 
 Gillespy, Edward, 195. 
 
 GUlett, G. M„ 436. 
 
 Glllett, G. W., 436. 
 
 Gillett, J. M., 329, 436. 
 
 Gillette, E. H., 65. 
 
 Gilliam, Manly L., 242. 
 
 Gillies, David A., 381. 
 
 Gilllngham, H. C, 261. 
 
 Gilman, N. P., 100. 
 
 Gilmer, T. W., 281. 
 
 Gllmor, William, 238. 
 
 Gilmore, W. H., 455. 
 
 Gilmore. William E., 213. 
 
 Gllthorpe, William J., 69. 
 
 Glnty, Mrs. Flora, 311. 
 
 Ginty, George, 335. 
 
 Ginty, George C, 311, 410. 
 
 Ginty, Henry D., 410. 
 
 Girard (Kans.) papers, 60, 68, 69. 
 
 Girling. G. E., 39. 
 
 Gjedde, Johan E., 125. 
 
 Gjellum, Erik S., 124. 
 
 Glambeck, John, 32. 
 
 Glasgow (Scotl.) papers, 388, 483. 
 
 Glasier, Charles .1., 307. 
 
 Glass, Carter, 283. 
 
 Glass Workers' papers, 37, 258, 259. 
 
 Glasscock, E. R., 272. 
 
 Glaze, A. T., 327, 414, 431, 455. 
 
 Gleason, Ed. F., 453. 
 
 Gleason, Joseph, 114. 
 
 Gleason, H. W., 126. 
 
 Glen Allen (Mo.) papers, 134. 
 
 Glennon, Ed. D., 442. 
 
 Glen's Falls (N. T.) papers, 159. 
 
 Glenn wood (Wis.) papers, 333. 
 
 Glessner, A. W., 54. 
 
 Glick, P. A., 438. 
 
 Glidden (Wis.) papers, 333. 
 
 Glines, I. W., 438. 
 
 Gloucester (Eng.) papers, 483. 
 
 Glove Workers' papers, 159. 
 
 Glover, Arthur I., 330. 
 
 Glover, Jesse, 279. 
 
 Glover, John E., 339. 
 
 Gloverville (N. T.) papers, 159. 
 
 Gmeier, John, 383. 
 
 Goaziou, Louis, 237. 
 
 Godbe, William S., 276. 
 
 Godbout, — , 467. 
 
 Goddard, Delano A., 88. 
 
 Goddard, Mary K., 84. 
 
 Goddard, Sarah, 262. 
 
 Goddard, William, 84, 243, 263. 
 
 Goddard, William G., 262. 
 
 Godfrey, George W., 389, 396. 
 
 Godfrey, H. L., 153. 
 
 Godin, M., 473. 
 
 Goding, George, 227. 
 
 Godkin, E. L., 186, 190, 199. 
 
 Godman S. A., 266. 
 
 Gorlwin, Parke, 188. 
 
 Goebel, Edward, 295. 
 
 Gogebic iron range, described, 340. 
 
 Gold, California discovery reported, 6. 
 
 Gold, George G., 347. 
 
 Golden, E. Kemsley, 319. 
 
 Goldman, Emma, 186. 
 
 Goldsmith, C. F. X., 311. 
 
 Goldsmith, George W., 308. 
 
 Goldsmith, John, 356. 
 
 Goldsmith, N. C 356. 
 
 Goldsworthy, James, 424. 
 
 Gollidy, B. C, 331. 
 
 Gompers, Samuel. 174. 
 
 Gooch, R. B., 287. 
 
 Good & Son, 406. 
 
 [533] 
 
Index 
 
 Good Templars' papers, 329, 341, 363, 
 369, 387, 388, 400, 419, 431, 468, 
 470, 487. 
 
 Goodall, E. F., 36. 
 
 Goodall, Harvey L., 36. 
 
 Goodell, B. F., 403, 420. 
 
 Goodell, John M., 172. 
 
 Goodell, S. D., 340, 373, 424. 
 
 Goodell, William, 190. 
 
 Goodhue, A. D., 448. 
 
 Goodhue, Alletta, 448. 
 
 Goodhue, E. N., 448. 
 
 Goodhue, James M., 131, 356. 
 
 Gaodlad, W. H., 298. 
 
 Goodland, W. I., 427. 
 
 Goodman, Edward, 33. 
 
 Goodman, Maurice, 420. 
 
 Goodrich, E. S., 260. 
 
 Goodrich, E. T., 431. 
 
 Goodrich, Earle E., 131. 
 
 Goodrich, Earle S., 334. 
 
 Goodrich, Frank L., 436. 
 
 Goodrich, Frederick E., 92. 
 
 Goodrich, Leroy A., 320. 
 
 Goodrich, W. H., 14. 
 
 Goodsell, B. G., 96. 
 
 Goodsell, C. M., 196. 
 
 Goodsell, J. H., 196. 
 
 Goodsell, P. B., 14. 
 
 Goodwin, C. C, 276. 
 
 Goodwin, Frank D., 431. 
 
 Goodwin, George, 14. 
 
 Goodwin, H. W., 338. 
 
 Goodwin, Henry, 388. 
 
 Goodwin, John A., 112, 113. 
 
 Goodwin & Sons, 14. 
 
 Gordon, Alphonso F., 147. 
 
 Gordon, E. A., 360. 
 
 Gordon, E. E., 407, 408, 455. 
 
 Gordon, Ed., 375. 
 
 Gordon, George W., 360. 
 
 Gordon, Eobert, 6. 
 
 Gordon, S. Anna, 457. 
 
 Gorham, A. D., 378, 435. 
 
 Gorham, D., 435. 
 
 Gorham Brothers, 435. 
 
 Gorrecht, W. Frank, 239. 
 
 Gosper, ■ — , 3. 
 
 Gotha (Germany) papers, 476. 
 
 Gottsaeker, Franz, 435. 
 
 Gougar, Mrs. Helen M., 41. 
 
 Gouge, William M., 246. 
 
 Gough, Arthur, 311. 
 
 Gould, Edwin F., 62. 
 
 Gould, M. T. C, 246. 
 
 Gove, R. L., 420. 
 
 Gow, Alexander M., 261. 
 
 Gowdy, D. C, 301, 340, 373. 
 
 Grady, Henry W., 27. 
 
 Graebner, A. L., 385. 
 
 Grat, William, 38. 
 
 Grafton, Bishop Charles C, 327. 
 
 Graham. See Bell & Graham ; also 
 
 Jennings & Graham. 
 Graham, David, 84. 
 Graham, George R., 252. 
 Graham, I. D., 71. 
 Graham, James F., 184. 
 Graham, Malcolm, 440. 
 Graham & Hazlitt, 141. 
 Grahl, G., 426. 
 Grand Army of Republic papers, 24, 
 
 305, 368, 388, 397. 
 Grank Forks (N. Dak.) papers, 212. 
 Grand Rapids (Mich.) papers, 122, 368. 
 Grand Rapids (Wis.) papers, 333. 
 Grand Saline (Tex.) papers, 275. 
 Grandprg, Alexander, 39, 130. 
 Granite Cutters' papers, 22, 84, 115, 
 
 143, 176. See also Stone Cutters. 
 Grant, S. Hastings, 1S7. 
 Grant, Gen. U. S., captures Petersburg, 
 
 284. 
 Grant County (Wis.) history, 356. 
 Grantshurg (Wis.) papers, 333, 334. 
 Granville (N. T.) papers, 159. 
 Grattan, — , 58. 
 Graves, F. H., 450. 
 Gravesville (Wis.) papers, 334. 
 Gray, A. C, 275. 
 Gray, Rev. A. P., 8. 
 Gray, Alexander T., 343, 358. 
 Gray, Edward, 116. 
 Gray, George W., 143. 
 Gray, Hamilton H., 316, 438. 
 Gray, John C, 13. 
 Gray, William C, 38. 
 Gray, William F., 282. 
 Gray & Steele, 13. 
 Greason, John, 190. 
 Greek Letters societies, organs of, 8, 19, 
 
 55, 213, 225, 228, 237, 244, 376. 
 Greeley, Horace, 50, 69, 151, 183, 187, 
 
 200. 
 Green. See True & Green. 
 Green, Bartholomew, 101. 
 Green, Duff, 24. 25, 84, 137. 
 Green, John, 104. 
 Green, Jonas, 82. 
 Green, S. H., 17. 
 Green, Samuel, 16, 17, 101. 
 Green, Thomas, 13, 16. 
 Green, Thomas M., 73. 
 Green, Timothy, 17, 95, 279, 282. 
 Green, Timothy Jr., 17. 
 Green, W. J., 336. 
 
 [534] 
 
Index 
 
 Green Bay (Wis.) papers, 334-337, 382; 
 Indian agent at, 239. 
 
 Greenawalt, E. E., 240. 
 
 Greenback papers (111.), 37, 44; (N. T.), 
 195; (Wis.), 298, 306, 307, 310, 313, 
 355, 364, 367, 387-389, 408, 413, 414, 
 419, 437, 441, 458. See also Populist. 
 
 Greene, Charles Gordon, 103. 
 
 Greene, James, 422. 
 
 Greene, James H., 422. 
 
 Greene, John S., 262. 
 
 Greene, L. B., 206. 
 
 Greene, W. B., 403. 
 
 Greenfield (Mass.) papers, 111. 
 
 Greenleaf, — , 177. 
 
 Greenleaf, Daniel, 117. 
 
 Greenleaf; Thomas, 91, 177, 180. 
 
 Greensburg (Ind.) papers, 28, 29, 60. 
 
 Greenville (Ohio) papers, 225. 
 
 Greenville (S. C.) papers, 267. 
 
 Greenwood (S. Dak.) papers, 268. 
 
 Greenwood (Wis.) papers, 337. 
 
 Gregg, A. K„ 312. 
 
 Gregg, Frank B., 447. 
 
 Gregg & Arthur, 123. 
 
 Gregory, Edward S., 283. 
 
 Gregory, G. W., 430. 
 
 Gregory, John G., 399. 
 
 Gregory, William E., 146. 
 
 Gregr, B., 394. 
 
 Grenada (Miss.) papers, 271. 
 
 Gresham (Oregon) papers, 235. 
 
 Greulich. August, 394. 
 
 Oreulieh, Millard, 296. 
 
 Greveros, E., 305. 
 
 Grevstad, Nicolay A., 47. 
 
 Grier, M. B., 253. 
 
 Griffin, Charles, 118. 
 
 Griffin, George, 95. 
 
 Griffin, I. S., 450. 
 
 Griffin, J. F., 357. 
 
 Griffin, Matthew, 179. 
 
 Griffin (Ga.) papers, 28. 
 
 Griffis, — , 313. 
 
 Griffith, A. A., 454. 
 
 Griffith, J. D., 99. 
 
 Griffith, J O., 272. 
 
 Grinde, L. G., 366. 
 
 Griswold. See Comstock, Griswold & 
 Co. 
 
 Griswold, A. M., 120. 
 
 Griswold, Ezra, 225. 
 
 Griswold, Rufus W., 252. 
 
 Grocers' papers, 37, 42, 397. 
 
 Gronseith. See Hendrickson & Gron- 
 selth. 
 
 Grosser, H., 435. 
 
 Grossman, Maximilian, 385. 
 
 Grossman, Emil, & Co., 186. 
 
 Grosvenor, Cyrus P., 90, 117, 209. 
 
 Grosvenor, W. M., 16. 
 
 Groton (Mass.) papers, 111. 
 
 Grotophorst, Herman, 299. 
 
 Grottkau, Paul, 398. 
 
 Groveport, (Ohio) papers, 228. 
 
 Grozier, Edwin A., 103. 
 
 Grube, F. H., 369. 
 
 Grumley, E. I., 296. 
 
 Grunnert, B. G., 336. 
 
 Guay, J. D., 467. 
 
 Guenther, Richard, 382, 386. 
 
 Guernsey, Frederick R., 479. 
 
 Guernsey, L. T., 317. 
 
 Guernsey power press, invented, 317. 
 
 Guerville. A. B. de, 179, 385. 
 
 Guild, Curtis, 92. 
 
 Guild, Loring, 346, 440. 
 
 Guild, Racine Franklin, 425. 
 
 Guiney, Cornelius, 132. 
 
 Guise (France) papers, 473. 
 
 Gulbrandsen T., 128. 
 
 Gulbrandsen & Co., 125. 
 
 Gulick, Robert, 87. 
 
 Gunderson, L. L., 315. 
 
 Gunnison, H. W., 383. 
 
 Gurley, E. W., 416. 
 
 Gurley, John A., 221. 
 
 Guterbock, B. H., 382. 
 
 Guthrie (Okla.) papers, 235. 
 
 Guy. See Hoffman & Guy. 
 
 Gwynne. See Smith & Gwynne. 
 
 Haackb, Heinrich, 222. 
 Haagensen, A., 40. 
 Haas, Carl de, 327. 
 Haas, Fred de, 327. 
 Haber, P. B., 327. 
 Habernicht, William, 321. 
 Hackman, B. F., 20. 
 Hacston, G. A., 427. 
 Hacston & Hollenbeck, 297. 
 Hadden, — , 379. 
 Haddock, George C, 302. 
 Hadley, J. A., 451. 
 Hagadorn, William, 175. 
 Hagedorn, O., 385. 
 Hager, B. J., 428. 
 Hager, Werner, 348. 
 Hagerstown (Md.) papers, 87. 
 Hagersville (Ont.) papers, 467. 
 Hagerup, H. S., 44. 
 Haggard, Rev. F. P., 89. 
 Hague, William, 108. 
 Hahn, Maximilian, 351. 
 Hahn, Michael, 78. 
 Haig, C. L. D., 141. 
 
 [535] 
 
Index 
 
 Haight, Theron W., 395, 399, 454. 
 
 Haight, W. L., 296. 
 
 Hailman, W. N., 385. 
 
 Hailmann, W. H., 106. 
 
 Haines, Frank, 310. 
 
 Haines, J. A., 310. 
 
 Haines & Rudolph, 310. 
 
 Hake, T. G., 331. 
 
 Hakinton (Mass.) papeTs, 111. 
 
 Halapy, Michael, 225. 
 
 Haldeman, Richard J., 239. 
 
 Haldeman, W. N., 74. 
 
 Hale, Apollas, 87. 
 
 Hale, B. E., 304. 
 
 Hale, Charles, 88, 106. 
 
 Hale, David, 184. 
 
 Hale, E. T., 449. 
 
 Hale, Edward Everett, 92, 100. 
 
 Hale, Horatio G., 14. 
 
 Hale, Nathan, 88, 101. 
 
 Hale, William E., 304. 
 
 Halford, Elijah W., 39, 395. 
 
 Halifax (N. S.) papers, 467. 
 
 Hall. See Belknap & Hall. 
 
 Hall, Allen A., 272, 273. 
 
 Hall, Allmand, 211. 
 
 Hall, Andrew J., 342. 
 
 Hall, C. L., 340. 
 
 Hall, Charles P., 470. 
 
 Hall, D. D., 221. 
 
 Hall, David, 247. 
 
 Hall, Ebenezer, 109, 110. 
 
 Hall, P. H., 346, 347. 
 
 Hall, Francis, 196. 
 
 Hall, George W., 399. 
 
 Hall, H. P., 129-131. 
 
 Hall, J. B., 100. 
 
 Hall, John, 458. 
 
 Hall, John E., 252. 
 
 Hall, John O., 298. 
 
 Hall, Joseph, 259. 
 
 Hall, Joseph W., 410. 
 
 Hall, Samuel, 96, 109, 110, 115, 262. 
 
 Hall, T. Dwight, 339, 340. 
 
 Hall, Thomas, 106. 
 
 Hall, Thomas W. Jr., 85. 
 
 Hall, W. W., 461. 
 
 Hall, Willis L., 11. 
 
 Hall & McClintock, 106. 
 
 Hallden, John A., 57. 
 
 Halleck, Fitz-Greene, 218. 
 
 Hallett, Benjamin F., 88, 95. 
 
 Halliday, John R., 61. 
 
 Halliman, Charles T., 34. 
 
 Halline, Paul L., 318. 
 
 Hallock, Gerard, 106, 169, 184. 
 
 Hallock, J. N., 167. 
 
 Halloran, J. F., 9. 
 
 Hallowell (Maine) papers, 79, 80. 
 
 Halpine, C. G., 193. 
 
 Halrosa, Philip J., 279. 
 
 Halsall, James C, 281. 
 
 Halstead, Murat, 216, 217. 
 
 Halverson, Charles, 319. 
 
 Halvorsen, Rev. H., 351. 
 
 Hamburg (Germany) papers, 476. 
 
 Hames, E. H., 100. 
 
 Hamilton. See Frederick & Hamilton. 
 
 Hamilton, A. N., 276. 
 
 Hamilton, Alexander, 180, 190, 400. 
 
 Hamilton, Charles, 117. 
 
 Hamilton, Gail, 52. 
 
 Hamilton, H. W., 348. 
 
 Hamilton, Hugh, 238. 
 
 Hamilton, William, 239. 
 
 Hamilton, William S., 400. 
 
 Hamilton & Hatch, 301. 
 
 Hamilton (Nev.) papers, 143. 
 
 Hamilton (Olean, N. Y.) papers, 159. 
 
 Hamilton (Ohio) papers, 228. 
 
 Hamilton (Ont.) papers, 467. 
 
 Hamlen, Benjamin L., 14. 
 
 Hamlin, Claude, 131. 
 
 Hamlin, J. G., 309. 
 
 Hamline, L. L., 215. 
 
 Hammerfest (Norway) papers, 499. 
 
 Hammersmith (Eng.l papers, 484. 
 
 Hammond, Charles, 217, 231. 
 
 Hammond, Rev. E. W. S., 76. 
 
 Hammond, H. C, 64. 
 
 Hammond (Wis.) papers, 337. 
 
 Hampton, George 195. 
 
 Hampton, J. W., 271. 
 
 Hampton, S. J., 275. 
 
 Hampton (Iowa) papers, 66. 
 
 Hampton (Va.) papers, 282. 
 
 Hamstreet, Charles R., 316. 
 
 Hanaford, George A., 388. 
 
 Hanchett, Maria F., 368. 
 
 Hancock, John, 91. 
 
 Hancock (Mich.) papers, 122. 
 
 Hancock (Wis.) papers, 337. 
 
 Hand, — , 355. 
 
 Hand, E. O., 369, 425. 
 
 Hand, E. W., 416. 
 
 Hand, F. B., 340, 411. 
 
 Hande, Hallward, 43. 
 
 Handy, Moses P., 253, 285. 
 
 Hanen, J. P., 15. 
 
 Haney. See Bruemmer & Haney. 
 
 Hanford, 1. L., 309. 
 
 Hanna. See Ingersoll & Hanna. 
 
 Hanna, Camilla, 91. 
 
 Hanna, John, 213. 
 
 Hanna, Septimus J., 91. 
 
 Hannaford, W. E., 408. 
 
 [536] 
 
Index 
 
 Hannemann, William J. F., 56. 
 
 Hanover (N. H. ) papers, 145. 
 
 "Hans Breitmann." See Charles G. Ice- 
 land. 
 
 "Hans Buschbauer." See Francis A. 
 Hoffman. 
 
 Hansbrough, H. C., 299. 
 
 Hansen, C, 40. 
 
 Hansen, C. E., 54. 
 
 Hansen, M., 236. 
 
 Hansen, Miss Mabel, 338. 
 
 Hansen, Mark, 142. 
 
 Hanson, Alexander C, 85. 
 
 Hanson, C. P., 378. 
 
 Hanson, H. D., 411. 
 
 Hanson, J. T., 374. 
 
 Hanson, J. W., 42. 
 
 Harbor Springs (Mich.) papers, 122. 
 
 Hard, William, 193. 
 
 Hardenbrook, W. T., 275. 
 
 Harding, J. B., 255. 
 
 Harding, Jasper, 241, 248. 
 
 Harding, William W., 248. 
 
 Hardy, H. W., 142. 
 
 Hare, W. H., 178. 
 
 Harger, Ashley D., 409, 410. 
 
 Harkness, — , 355. 
 
 Harlow, B. F., 292. 
 
 Harman, — , 72. 
 
 Harman, M., 40. 
 
 Harman, Moses, 41. 
 
 Harmon, A. C, 325, 431. 
 
 Harmon, J. H., 120. 
 
 Harmon, Jessie K., 325. 
 
 Harmon, R. P., 424. 
 
 Harmon, W. P., 424. 
 
 Harmon, Brodhead & Co., 120. 
 
 Harmon & Currie, 424. 
 
 Harney, J. H., 74. 
 
 Harney, Richard J., Winnebago County, 
 413. 
 
 Harney, T. J., 412. 
 
 Harper, Charles L.. 356. 
 
 Harper, F. C, 259. 
 
 Harper, Fletcher, 177. 
 
 Harper, John C, 258. 
 
 Harper, Kenton, 288. 
 
 Harper, William A., 219. 
 
 Harper's Ferry (Va.) papers, 292. 
 
 Harriman, Carl E., 123. 
 
 Harriman (Tenn.) papers, 269. 
 
 Harrington, George, 412. 
 
 Harrington, Grant D., 317. 
 
 Harrington, Jubal, 117. 
 
 Harrington, V., 205. 
 
 Harris. See Chambers, Harris & 
 Knapp. 
 
 Harris, B. F., 259. 
 
 Harris, Carey A., 273. 
 
 Harris, Findlay, 280. 
 
 Harris, H., 444. 
 
 Harris, H. M., 159. 
 
 Harris, Henry, 372. 
 
 Harris, J. A., 222. 
 
 Harris, J. B., 294, 334, 375. 
 
 Harris, J. Edwards, 444, 445. 
 
 Harris, Joel Chandler, 27. 
 
 Harris, Joseph, 206, 444. 445. 
 
 Harris, Joseph Jr., 445. 
 
 Harris, O. H., 207. 
 
 Harris, Rev. Samnel S., 41. 
 
 Harris, W. A., 24. 
 
 Harrisbnrg (Pa.) papers, 238, 239. 
 
 Harrisburg (Tex.) papers, 2-75. 
 
 Harrison, Carter, 50. 
 
 Harrison, Carter Jr., 50. 
 
 Harrison, Charles, 186. 
 
 Harrison, E. L. T., 276. 
 
 Harrison, George B., 71. 
 
 Harrison, Prof. Gessner, 281. 
 
 Harrison, H. S., 32. 
 
 Harrison, J. H., 347. 
 
 Harrison, J. M., 332. 
 
 Harrison, John, 186. 
 
 Harrison, John A., 424, 426. 
 
 Harrison, John H., 347. 
 
 Harrison, L. A., 378. 
 
 Harrison, Margaret, 186. 
 
 Harrison, Preston, 50. 
 
 Harrison, R. A., 29. 
 
 Harrison, William H., campaign papers, 
 
 88, 183, 197, 222, 225, 248, 287. See 
 
 also Whig. 
 Harrison, William Primrose, 265, 266. 
 Harrison & Bowen, 265. 
 Harrisonburg (Va.) papers, 282. 
 Harryman, A. H., 35. 
 Hart, A. Wellington, 381. 
 Hart, Cyrus S., 410. 
 Hart, Fred E., 450. 
 Hart, J. C, 370. 
 Hart, Jerome A., 7. 
 Hart, John S., 255. 
 Hart, Lyman, 200. 
 Hartford, F. W., 146. 
 Hartford (Conn.) papers, 13, 14, 88. 
 Hartford (Wis.) papers, 337. 
 Hartland (Wis.) papers, 338. 
 Hartshorne, Henry, 246. 
 Hartson, H. E., 337. 
 Hartung, Dr. Urban, 120. 
 Hartwell, F. A., 349. 
 Hartzell, Rev. J. C, 76. 
 Hartzell, Joshua, 213. 
 Harvard University papers, 109. 
 Harvey, George McClellan, 177. 
 
 [537] 
 
Index 
 
 Harvey, Louis P., 440. 
 
 Hasbrouck, Dr. Lydia Sayer, 161. 
 
 Hase, F. C, 318. 
 
 Haseltine, Ira S., 430. 
 
 Haskell, D. M., 107. 
 
 Haskell, W. E., 128. 
 
 Haskell, William E., 129. 
 
 Haskett, T. S., 291. 
 
 Haskin, H. T., 299. 
 
 Haskins. See Day, Follett & Haskins. 
 
 Hasselquist, Rev. J. N., 37, 55. 
 
 Hastings, Hugh, 169. 
 
 Hastings, S. D., 431, 448. 
 
 Hastings, 'William P., 239. 
 
 Haswell, Anthony, 277. 
 
 Haswell, R., 265. 
 
 Hatch. See Hamilton & Hatch. 
 
 Hatch, George, 179. 
 
 Hathaway, Arthur C, 409. 
 
 Hathaway & Palmer, 409. 
 
 Hatlestad, Ole J., 409. 
 
 Hatters' papers, 13, 115, 148, 166, 247. 
 
 Hatton, Augustus E., 34. 
 
 Hatton, Frank, 23, 64. 
 
 Haufness, Hans D., 130. 
 
 Haug, John, 347. 
 
 Hauge, C. N., 236. 
 
 Haughawout, F. S., 316, 418. 
 
 Haughton, J. W., 309. 
 
 Hauser, I. L., 383. 
 
 Hauser, J. H., 383. 
 
 Hauser, John F., 331. 
 
 Haussarek, F., 221. 
 
 Havana (Cuba) papers, 472. 
 
 Haven, Alfred E., 350. 
 
 Haven, E. O., 109. 
 
 Haven, Gilbert, 109. 
 
 Haven, Joseph, 92. 
 
 Haven, Luther, 44. 
 
 Haven, Spencer, 339. 
 
 Haverill (Mass.) papers, 111. 
 
 Haviland, C. S., 17. 
 
 Haviland & Hayes, 17. 
 
 Hawaii papers, 464, 499 ; type from, 6. 
 
 Hawes, F. N., 31. 
 
 Hawes, L. K., 462. 
 
 Hawkins, David, 262. 
 
 Hawkins, Thomas J., 220. 
 
 Hawkins, W. C, 440. 
 
 Hawks, Dr. Francis L., 159. 
 
 Hawley, Harvey, 299. 
 
 Hawley, Joseph C, 14. 
 
 Hawley, Joseph R., 14. 
 
 Hawley, O. K., 299. 
 
 Hawley, Orestes, 299. 
 
 "Hawser Martingale." See John S. 
 
 Sleeper. 
 Hay, J. S., 30. 
 
 Hayden, Chauncey H., 279. 
 
 Hayden, Harriet, 310. 
 
 Hayden, Harrison, 390, 440. 
 
 Hayden, Harry, 351. 
 
 Hayden, Henry, 310. 
 
 Hayden, Henry R., 440. 
 
 Hayes. See Haviland & Hayes. 
 
 Haymarket riots (Chicago), 32. 
 
 Haynes, E. M., 40. 
 
 Hays, Charles S., 30. 
 
 Hays, H. C, 206. 
 
 Hays, J. W., 62. 
 
 Hays, W. H., 124. 
 
 Hayward. See Stanley, Lynde & Hay- 
 ward. 
 
 Hayward, A. J., 312. 
 
 Hayward (Wis.) papers, 338. 
 
 Hazard, Samuel, 247, 256. 
 
 Hazeltine, M. W., 198. 
 
 Hazeltine, W. B., 432. 
 
 Hazelton, J. F., 314. 
 
 Hazelton (Pa.) papers, 239. 
 
 Hazen, C. A., 174. 
 
 Hazewell, Charles C, 107, 226. 
 
 Hazlitt. See Graham & Hazlitt. 
 
 Head, E. R., 346, 347. 
 
 Healey, F. J., 151. 
 
 Healy, F. A., 333. 
 
 Heard, R. P., 77. 
 
 Hearn, A. S., 317, 319. 
 
 Hearsey, H. I., 78. 
 
 Hearst, W. R., 180. 
 
 Heart, John, 24. 
 
 Heath. See Babcock, Heath & Stevens. 
 
 Heath, B. S., 36, 376, 404. 
 
 Heath, C. W. T., 338. 
 
 Heath, Franklin W., 256. 
 
 Heath, Frederick, 396. 
 
 Heath, Perry S., 217. 
 
 Heath, Elliott & Co., 287. 
 
 Heaton, Benjamin, 110. 
 
 Heaton, Nathaniel, 110. 
 
 Hebrew papers, 175, 201, 204, 245, 499. 
 See also Jewish and Yiddish. 
 
 Heckner, Christian, 236. 
 
 Heeman, E. W., 140. 
 
 Hees, William, 134. 
 
 Heffron Brothers, 87. 
 
 Hea, Evan H., 409. 
 
 Heg, James E., 354. 
 
 Hegeman & Kuypers, 318. 
 
 Heidkamp, Adolph, 421. 
 
 Heimstreet, E. B., 341. 
 
 Heindel, Sydney C, 439. 
 
 Heinemann, Fred., 371. 
 
 Heinricha, E. H., 260. 
 
 Heintzemann. See Siegel & Heintze- 
 mann. 
 
 [ 538 ] 
 
Index 
 
 Heise, H. J., 458. 
 
 Heiskill, F. S., 270. 
 
 Heiss. See Ritchie & Heiss. 
 
 Heister, Gov. Joseph, 238. 
 
 Heldt, P. M., 179. 
 
 Helmer, F. R., 313. 
 
 Helphingstine, Edgar B., 5. 
 
 Hemann, Joseph A., 222. 
 
 Hemphill, James C, 263. 
 
 Hemphill, W. A., 27. 
 
 Hemphill, W. E., 379. 
 
 Henderson. See White, Henderson & 
 
 Brown. 
 Henderson, John D., 70. 
 Henderson, Thomas Jr., 211. 
 Hendrickson, P., 303. 
 Hendrickson, Peter, 47. 
 Hendrickson & Gronseith, 447. 
 Hendryx, Charles F., 132. 
 Hendryx, James J., 126. 
 Heinse, John, 49. 
 Henkle, — , 273. 
 Henlock, William, 239. 
 Henmiss, Charles J., 131. 
 Hennessey, Roland B., 179. 
 Hennessey, W. B., 447. 
 Henning, B. S., 414. 
 Hennlng, F., 126. 
 Henning, John O., 328. 
 Henry. See Cuyler & Henry. 
 Henry, Gen. Guy V., 464. 
 Henry, John, 190. 
 Henry, John S., 222. 
 Henry, Dr. R. H., 296. 
 "Henry Homespun." See Solomon 
 
 Southwick. 
 Henshaw, Daniel, 118. 
 Hepp, Frederick, 331. 
 Herben, Stephen J., 36. 
 Herbert, Ewing, 67. 
 Hercules (N. Y.) papers, 160. 
 Herrick, Anson, 164. 
 Herrick, Carleton M., 164. 
 Herrlngshaw, T. W., 36. 
 Herron, George D., 28, 431. 
 Herron, John, 400. 
 Hersey, Lewis, 108. 
 Heslewood, Fred W., 291. 
 Hess, Albert, 297. 
 Hetzel, H. C, 378. 
 Hetzel, H. V., 248. 
 Hetzel, Ralph, 359. 
 Heuston, George Z., 297. 
 Hewitt. Charles A.. 38. 
 Hewitt, Edgar A., 34. 
 Hewitt, G. P., 346. 
 Hewitt, J. H., 83. 
 Hewitt, James, 406. 
 
 Heywood, E H., 115. 
 
 Heywood, John, 74. 
 
 Hlbbard, J. M., 443. 
 
 Hibbing (Minn.) papers, 124. 
 
 Hickey, D. E., 318. 
 
 Hickey, J. C, 144. 
 
 Hickler, Simon, 398. 
 
 Hickling, D. P., 304. 
 
 Hicks, John, 104, 341, 413. 
 
 Hicksite papers. See Quakers. 
 
 Hidden, Walter S., 445. 
 
 Hiden, J. C, 281. 
 
 Hiestand, John A., 239. 
 
 Higgins, Al., 332. 
 
 Higgins, F. M., 354. 
 
 Higginson, Thomas W., 108. 
 
 Higgs, W., 8. 
 
 High, A. J., 402. 
 
 Hilbert, A. J., 370. 
 
 Hildahl, Wollert, 267. 
 
 Hildreth, James T., 346. 
 
 Hilgen, J. W., 310. 
 
 Hill. See McKee & Hill. 
 
 Hill, Albert E., 272. 
 
 Hill, C. H., 306. 
 
 Hill, Carl N., 359. 
 
 Hill, Homer M., 291. 
 
 Hill, Horatio, 144. 
 
 Hill, Isaac, 144, 145. 
 
 Hill, J. C, 318. 
 
 Hill, James, 422. 
 
 Hill, John Mc Clary, 144. 
 
 Hill, S. W., 425. 
 
 Hill, W. F., 428, 463. 
 
 Hill, W. J., 30, 463. 
 
 Hill, William, 300. 
 
 Hill & Millard, 30. 
 
 Hilliker, H. M., 429. 
 
 Hills & Atherton, 294. 
 
 Hillsboro (N. C.) papers, 211. 
 
 Hillsboro (Wis.) papers, 338. 
 
 Hillsborough (Ohio) papers, 228. 
 
 Hillyer, John, 162. 
 
 Hilton, Walter B., 292. 
 
 Himes, Joshua V., 87, 105, 184, 188, 
 
 218. 
 Himle, Andrew, 127. 
 Hinckley, Jay R., 407, 419. 
 Hinckley & Fish, 277. 
 Hiner, J. W., 370. 
 Hinkley, M. E., 66. 
 Hinman, George W., 39. 
 Hiriart, Emile, 78. 
 Hirsch, Edward, 84. 
 Hirsch, Max, 459. 
 Hirschberger. See Fouse, Hirschberger 
 
 & Co. 
 Historical papers, 247. 
 
 [539] 
 
Index 
 
 Hitchcook. See Marsh & Hitchcook. 
 
 Hitchcock & Walden, 33. 
 
 Hjelm-Hansen, M. P., 125. 
 
 Hjort, J. L,. 353. 
 
 Hoar, Blair B., 437. 
 
 Hoard, H. L., 330. 
 
 Hoard, W. D., 330. 
 
 Hobart, Arthur, 92. 
 
 Hobart, C. M., 306, 324. 
 
 Hobart, H. C, 436. 
 
 Hobart, Henry F., 303. 
 
 Hobart, Horace E.. 343. 
 
 Hobart, John P., 338. 
 
 Hobart (Tasmania) papers, 465. 
 
 Hobbins, Joseph, 363. 
 
 Hoboken (N. J.) papers, 147. 
 
 Hobson, A. W., 3. 
 
 Hodden, Frank W., 319. 
 
 Hodder, Thomas H., 346. 
 
 Hodge, George, 51. 
 
 Hodges, A. G., 72. 
 
 Hodges, C. N., 431, 455. 
 
 Hodges, N. D. C, 194. 
 
 Hoeflinger, Charles, 457. 
 
 Hoehn, G. A., 136. 
 
 Hoenecke, Adolph, 385. 
 
 Hof, G., 221. 
 
 Hoffman, C. F., 182, 185. 
 
 Hoffman, E. L., 406. 
 
 Hoffman, F. O., 283. 
 
 Hoffman, Francis A., 388, 457. 
 
 Hoffman, Horace J., 405, 406, 422. 
 
 Hoffman, J. K., 406. 
 
 Hoffman, Joseph C, 383, 395. 
 
 Hoffman, Lewis G., 152. 
 
 Hoffman, W. H, 57. 
 
 Hoffman & Cunningham, 312. 
 
 Hoffman & Guy, 281. 
 
 Hoffman, Miller & Co., 283. 
 
 Hoffmann, J. C, 457. 
 
 Hoffstead, William, 334. 
 
 Hogan, F. S., 44. 
 
 Hogan, J. S. C, 271. 
 
 Hohmann, Charles F., 148. 
 
 Hohn, Haybert, 312. 
 
 Hokah (Minn.) papers, 125. 
 
 Holbroecks, C, 352. 
 
 Holbrook, A. M., 77. 
 
 Holbrook, Josiah, 100. 
 
 Holbrook, M. D., 400. 
 
 Holcombe, W. J., 391. 
 
 Holden, — , 178. 
 
 Holden, J. G. P., 210. 
 
 Holden, William J., 17. 
 
 Holford, C. N., 307, 355. 
 
 Holford, W. H., 307. 
 
 Holland, F. P., 274. 
 
 Holland papers, 477. See also Dutch. 
 
 Holland (Mich.) papers, 122. 
 
 Holland (Wis.) papers, 456. 
 
 Hollembaek & 'Nye, 407. 
 
 Hollenbeck, C. E., 297. 
 
 Holliday, W., Meade, 82. 
 
 Hollister, T. F., 312, 440, 441. 
 
 Hollister, William C, 35. 
 
 Holly, Alanson, 348. 
 
 Holly, H. O., 348. 
 
 Holman, Alfred, 7. 
 
 Holman, E. S., 316. 
 
 Holman, Nels, 316. 
 
 Holmes. See Kittredge & Holmes. 
 
 Holmes, E., 82. 
 
 Holmes, Israel, 420. 
 
 Holmes, John H., 98. 
 
 Holmes, Oliver W., 89. 
 
 Holmes, Thomas P.., 149. 
 
 Holmes, W. H., 301, 455. 
 
 Hoist, E., 66. 
 
 Hoist, M., 64. 
 
 Holstein, Decoudray, 152. 
 
 Holston, E. M., 379. 
 
 Holt. See Berray & Holt. 
 
 Holt, Benjamin, 358. 
 
 Holt, C. H., 202. 
 
 Holt, Charles, 17, 169, 342. 
 
 Holt, Hamilton, 179. 
 
 Holt, John, 176, 180. 
 
 Holt, W. E., 319. 
 
 Holt, William, 144. 
 
 Holt, William H, 363. 
 
 Holtz & Christiensen, 64. 
 
 Holten, Abba Lord, 8. 
 
 Holum, Theodore, 316. 
 
 Holyoke (Mass.) papers, 111, 112. 
 
 Homans, Benjamin, 19. 
 
 Home (Wash.) papers, 289, 290. 
 
 Homer (N. T.) papers, 160. 
 
 Honeymoon, Thomas, 388. 
 
 Hong Kong (China) papers, 472. 
 
 Honigmann, C. W., 378. 
 
 Honolulu (Hawaii) papers, 464. 
 
 Hoo Hoo Order, organ, 272. 
 
 Hood, G. H., 300. 
 
 Hood, James E., 269. 
 
 Hood, N. B., 357. 
 
 Hood, S. J., 300. 
 
 Hoodes, Gerritt L., 47. 
 
 Hooker, Culver E., 456. 
 
 Hooker, Eli, 328, 329, 456. 
 
 Hooper, A. M., 211. 
 
 Hooper. Charles W., 401. 
 
 Hooper, Edward James, 217. 
 
 Hooper, J. T., 298. 
 
 Hoover, M. H., 161. 
 
 Hope, James Barron, 284. 
 
 Hopedale (Mass.) papers, 113, 114. 
 
 [540] 
 
Index 
 
 Hopkins, C, 231. 
 
 Hopkins, D. E., 195. 
 
 Hopkins, George F., 196. 
 
 Hopkins, H., 345. 
 
 Hopkins, Rev. John H., 168. 
 
 Hopkins, Dr. Lemuel, 15. 
 
 Hopkins & Wilcox, 206. 
 
 Hoppe, A., 334. 
 
 Hoppe, J. D., 6. 
 
 Horicon (Wis.) papers, 338. 
 
 Horn, Alexander W., 310. 
 
 Horn, Frederick W., 310. 
 
 Home, S. B., 18. 
 
 Horner. See Morton & Horner. 
 
 Horner, S. W., 299. 
 
 Hqrseshoers' papers, 11, 217. See also 
 
 Blacksmiths. 
 Horton. See Bean & Horton ; also 
 
 Van Evrie & Horton. 
 Horton, Augustus S., 367. 
 Horton, George W., 367. 
 Horton, Nathaniel, 115. 
 Hosklns, J. M., 430. 
 Hosklnson, George E., 335. 
 Hosklnson, H. L., 127. 
 Hosmer, Charles, 14. 
 Hosmer, James E., 198. 
 Hosmer, William, 153, 154. 
 Hoss, Rev. E. E., 272. 
 Hostman, H. W., 418, 419. 
 Hotchkiss, Dean J., 332. 
 Hotchklss, Jed., 288. 
 Hotchkiss, John, 31?, 323, 332. 
 Hotchklss, W. R., 301, 377, 461. 
 Hotchkiss & Leland, 315. 
 Hott, Rev. W. J., 227. 
 Hough, — , 54. 
 Hough, George, 279. 
 Hough, Sabin, 251. 
 Houghteling, James L., 47. 
 Houghton, H. O., 84, 91. 
 Houghton, Horace H., 54, 279. 
 Houghton J. W., 310. 
 Houghton, Dr. Roland S., 168. 
 Houma (La.) papers, 76. 
 Housekeepers' papers, 123, 247, 249. 
 
 See also Women. 
 Houser, Walter L., 401. 
 Houston, George, 185. 
 Houston (Tex.) papers, 275. 
 Hovey, James, 311. 
 Hovey, William A., 107. 
 Howard, Gen. C. H., 32, 36, 47. 
 Howard, Frank P., 317. 
 Howard, Harry, 140. 
 Howard, Robert, 349, 350. 
 Howard, Samuel, 390. 
 Howe, Elmer L., 326, 432. 
 
 Howe, Frederic C, 193. 
 
 Howe, Hezkiah, 15. 
 
 Howe, James R., 320, 41T, 428. 
 
 Howe, John B., 206. 
 
 Howe, Julia Ward, 108. 
 
 Howe, L. K., 435, 437. 
 
 Howe & Spaulding, 15. 
 
 Howell, C. T., 38. 
 
 Howell, Clark, 27. 
 
 Howell, Capt. Evan P., 27. 
 
 Howells, J. A., 229. 
 
 Howeils, William C, 220, 229. 
 
 Howells, William D., 225. 
 
 Howery, C. V., 439. 
 
 Howery, L. B., 315, 439. 
 
 Howitt, — , 488. 
 
 Howland. See Dorr & Howland. 
 
 Howland, G. W., 452. 
 
 Howland, Marie, 1. 
 
 Hoxie, I. A., 309, 316, 325, 410, 411, 
 
 444. 
 Hoxie, J. C. 408. 
 Hoxie, W. T., 316. 
 Hoyer, Max S., 222, 223. 
 Hoyt, Albert E., 150. 
 Hoj-t, Anson B., 278. 
 Hoyt, H. W., 360. 
 Hoyt, J. W., 363. 
 Hoyt, James A., 266, 267. 
 Hoyt, M. A., 392. 
 Hoyt, Otis, 339. 
 Hubbard, J. P., 308. 
 Hubbard, J. S., 303. 
 Hubbard, Lester C, 52. 
 Hubbard, W. H., 279. 
 Hubbell, R. W., 369. 
 Hubbell, Singleton B., 375. 
 Hubbs, C. L., 316, 354, 355. 
 Huber, Joseph F., 459. 
 Hudson, Barzillai, 14. 
 Hudson, Edmond, 19, 20. 
 Hudson, Fred, 433. 
 Hudson, J. K., 71. 
 Hudson, Paul, 479. 
 Hudson, Thomas, 90. 
 Hudson, Waddie, 59. 
 Hudson (N. T.) papers, 160. 
 Hudson (Wis.) papers, 339, 340, 408. 
 Huestis, Samuel, 181. 
 Hughes. See Powell, Hughes & Co. 
 Hughes, E. H., 419. 
 Hughes, H. L., 291. 
 Hughes, Col. James, 131, 339. 
 Hughes, Marshall J., 281. 
 Hughes, R. W., 285. 
 Hughes, Thomas, 301. 
 Hughes, Thomas I., 53. 
 Huhn, Helnrich. 381. 
 
 [541 
 
Index 
 
 Hnhn, O. F., 437. 
 
 Hulett, Henry M., 426. 
 
 Huling, A. H., 38. 
 
 Hull. See Stine & Hull; also Yates & 
 
 Hull. 
 Hull, C. B., 379. 
 Hull, Edgar C, 302. 
 Hull, J. D., 362. 
 Hull, Merlin, 306. 
 Hull, O. P., 379. 
 Hull, S. S., 300, 315. 
 Humboldt (Tenn.) papers, 269. 
 Hume, John P., 311. 
 Hume, John P. Jr., 311. 
 Hume, W. A., 311. 
 Humorous papers, 86, 181, 185, 189, 
 
 201. 
 Humphreville, William, 330. 
 Humphrey. See Story & Humphrey. 
 Humphrey, E. P., 296. 
 Humphrey, Ulysses G., 381. 
 Humphreys, James Jr., 249. 
 Humphries, Henry, 161. 
 Humphries & Scarritt, 161. 
 Hungarian papers, 172. 
 Hungerford, G. W., 442. 
 Hunner, John, 294, 295, 321. 
 Hunner, John Jr., 294. 
 Hunt, Freeman, 100. 
 Hunt, G. F., 459. 
 Hunt, J. B., 453. 
 Hunt, J. W., 427. 
 Hunt, Jonathan, 179. 
 Hunt, S. W., 377. 
 Hunt, Seth B., 179. 
 Hunter, J, G., 305. 
 Hunter, W., 258. 
 Hunter, William, 73, 288, 289. 
 Hunter, William Jr., 288. 
 Hunter & Robinson, 273. 
 Huntington, Carr, 302. 
 Huntington, E. P., 312, 338, 408. 
 Huntington, Edward, 333. 
 Huntington, R. C, 418. 
 Huntington, W. H. H., 320. 
 Huntington (W. Va.) papers, 292. 
 Huntoon, Josiah, 279. 
 Huntress, Leonard, 112, 113. 
 Huntsman, C. F., 392. 
 Huntsville (Mo.) papers, 134. 
 Hurd, E. N., 407. 
 Hurd, Jud., 422. 
 Hurlbert, R. S., 18. 
 Hurlbert, William, H., 169, 199, 203. 
 Hurlburt, H. P., 424. 
 Hurlbut, Edwin, 409. 
 Hurlbut, Ira D., 422, 439. 
 Hurlbut, Jesse Lyman, 168, 216. 
 
 Hurley, C. S„ 383, 399. 
 
 Hurley (Wis.) papers, 340. 
 
 Hurtin, William, 186. 
 
 Huse, S. W., 113. 
 
 Huse, Z. C, 113. 
 
 Husher, F. A., 125, 350. 
 
 Huske, Ellis, 104. 
 
 Huss & Bremer, 239. 
 
 Huston, C. T., 237. 
 
 Hutchins, F. A., 301. 
 
 Hutchins, Stephen C, 150. 
 
 Hutchins, Stilson, 23. 
 
 Hutchins, T. A., 110. 
 
 Hutchinson, A. L., 460. 
 
 Hutchinson, Buell E., 422. 
 
 Hutchinson, Clarence M., 404. 
 
 Hutchinson, George, 347. 
 
 Hutchinson, Joseph, 12. 
 
 Hutchison, W. B., 70. 
 
 Hiitter, Christian J., 238. 
 
 Hutton, William M., 271. 
 
 Huxley, Henry E., 405. 
 
 Hyatt, Samuel C, 430. 
 
 Hyde, C. F., 419. 
 
 Hyde, Frank, 374, 415. 
 
 Hyde, John H, 17. 
 
 Hyde & Cogswell, 210. 
 
 Hyer, George, 360, 361, 367, 370, 384, 
 
 392, 412, 414, 452, 453. 
 Hyer, J. B., 367, 376. 
 Hygienic papers. See Sanitary. 
 Hyman, John D., 327. 
 Hynes, W. F., 227. 
 
 Iberg, Jacob, 294. 
 
 Ibsen, Karl, 148. 
 
 "Icaria," organ of, 56. 
 
 Icelandic papers, 477. 
 
 Idaho papers, 30. 
 
 Illinois papers, 30-59. 
 
 Ilsley, Charles P., 81. 
 
 Independence (Kans.) papers, 69, 387. 
 
 Independence (Mo.) papers, 134. 
 
 Independent Order of Odd Fellows. See 
 Odd Fellows. 
 
 Indian Territory papers, 59. 
 
 Indiana papers, 59-63. 
 
 Indianapolis (Ind.) papers, 34, 57, 60 1 - 
 62. 
 
 Indians, papers in the interests of, IP, 
 20, 122, 143, 170, 179, 268, 282, 
 411, 467, 469. See also the several 
 tribes. 
 
 Industrial papers. See Labor ; also the 
 several trades and occupations. 
 
 Industrial Workers of the World, pub- 
 lications, 38, 55. 
 
 Ingalls, E. S., 123. 
 
 [542] 
 
Index 
 
 Ingalls, James S., 290. 
 
 Ingersoll, C. L., 318. 
 
 Ingersoll, Chalmers, 303, 304. 
 
 Ingersoll, B. P., 179. 
 
 Ingersoll, H. G., 418. 
 
 Ingersoll, L. A., 312, 433. 
 
 Ingersoll, Newton H., 814. 
 
 Ingersoll & Hanna, 303. 
 
 Ingham, S. W., 376. 
 
 Inglls, James, 203. 
 
 Ingraham, J. E., 333. 
 
 Ingram, C. A., 320. 
 
 Inman, John, 169. 
 
 Inmansville (Wis.) papers, 128, 361. 
 
 Inness, W. T., & Son, 244. 
 
 Insurance papers, 15, 25, 34, 38, 86, 
 
 148, 168, 179, 192, 196, 215, 217, 498. 
 International Associations and Unions. 
 
 See Labor ; also the several trades 
 
 and occupations. 
 Iowa papers, 63-67. 
 Iowa County (Wis.) history, 319. 
 Iowa Territory, erected, 63. 
 Ipswich (Mass.) papers, 112. 
 Ireland, Arthur E., 260. 
 Ireland. See United Kingdom. 
 "Irenseus." See S. I. Prime. 
 Irish papers, 170, 195 ; Socialist Feder- 
 ation, 177. 
 Irle, William, 437. 
 "Iron Brigade," history, 501. 
 Iron RiveT (Wis.) papers, 451. 
 Iron Workers' papers, 217-219, 238, 
 
 248, 257, 260. See also Machinists 
 
 and Metal Workers. 
 Ironton (Mo.) papers, 134. 
 Ironton (Ohio) papers, 228. 
 Irrigation papers, 21, 39. 
 Irvine, B., 86. 
 Irvine, William, 322. 
 Irving, R. C, 211. 
 Irving, Washington, 249. 
 Isaac, A., 236. 
 Isbell, P. C, 270. 
 Italian papers, in United States, 45, 
 
 181, 253, 340; Italy, 477, 478. 
 Ithaca (N. Y.) papers, 8. 
 Iuka (Miss.) papers, 133. 
 Ives. E. H., 423. 
 Ivins, J. J., 268. 
 Ivins, Samuel P., 268. 
 
 Jablonski, F., 390. 
 
 Jackson, Andrew, administration organs, 
 
 22, 24, 25, 197, 248; policy opposed, 
 
 285. 
 Jackson, Edmund, 54. 
 Jackson, J. C, 153. 
 
 Jackson, J. F., 287. 
 
 Jackson, William, 254. 
 
 Jackson, William B., 41. 
 
 Jackson (Miss.) papers, 133. 
 
 Jackson (Term.) papers, 269. 
 
 Jacobs, Cyrus, F., 64. 
 
 Jacobs, W. A., 426. 
 
 Jacobson, John, 236. 
 
 Jaeger, Luth, 125, 127. 
 
 Jaegar & Phillipps, 127. 
 
 Jaekel, F. A., 435. 
 
 Jamaica (W. I.) papers, 497. 
 
 James, Charles L., 295, 321. 
 
 James, Edmund J., 102. 
 
 James, G. P. E., 295, 321. 
 
 James, G. Watson, 285, 287. 
 
 James, Galen, 92. 
 
 James, H. D., 313, 314. 
 
 James, Lorenzo, 425. 
 
 James, Robertson, 392. 
 
 Jamestown (N. T.) papeTs, 160. 
 
 Jane, Henry, 437. 
 
 Janesville (Wis.) papers, 296, 341-344, 
 361, 362. 
 
 Jansen, McClurg & Co., 35. 
 
 Janson, Kristofer, 128. 
 
 Japanese papers. 478. See also Or- 
 iental. 
 
 Jarvis, Charles, 91. 
 
 Jay, John, 190. 
 
 Jefferis, Rev. William F., 292. 
 
 Jeffers, T. G., 375. 
 
 Jefferson, Thomas, administration or- 
 gans, 22, 117, 138, 147, 286; policy 
 opposed, 179 ; cited, 246. 
 
 Jefferson (Ohio) papers, 229. 
 
 Jefferson (Wis.) papers, 344, 401. 
 
 Jenison, E. M., 327. 
 
 Jenkins, Cass U., 429. 
 
 Jenkins, Clarence, 457. 
 
 Jenkins, David H., 223. 
 
 Jenkins, Howard R., 241. 
 
 Jenkins, W. C, 334. 
 
 Jenkins, Whittaker, 422. 
 
 Jenkinson & Torty, 308. 
 
 Jenks. See Wade, Jenks & Co. 
 
 Jenks, C. W., 33. 
 
 Jenks, J. E., 19. 
 
 "Jennie June." See Mrs. J. C. Croly. 
 
 Jennings, L. J., 199. 
 
 Jennings & Graham, 33. 
 
 Jenny (Wis.) papers, 344. See also 
 Merrill. 
 
 Jermain, T. D., 395. 
 
 Jerrold, Blanchard, 489. 
 
 Jersild, J. N., 405. 
 
 Jesien, W. S., 35. 
 
 Jesuit missionaries, 469. 
 
 [543] 
 
Index 
 
 Jeter & Dickinson, 286. 
 
 Jeup, J. E., 222. 
 
 Jewell, Benjamin K., 108. 
 
 Jewell, S. A., 458. 
 
 Jewett, E. E., 278. 
 
 Jewett, Eev. J. E., 167. 
 
 Jewish papers, 39, 84, 94, 163, 180, 
 
 201. See also Hebrew and Yiddish. 
 Jilson, J. B., 439. 
 "Jlmuel Briggs, D. B." See T. P. 
 
 Thompson. 
 Joachim, L., 433. 
 Johns, Etta, 422. 
 Johns, Fred W., 375, 422. 
 Johnson, — , 47, 83. 
 Johnson. See Smith & Johnson ; also 
 
 Whittemore & Johnson. 
 Johnson, A. E., 37. 
 Johnson, Alexander J., 49. 
 Johnson, C, N., 378. 
 Johnson, C. P., 100. 
 Johnson, C. W., 457. 
 Johnson, Charles P., 221. 
 Johnson, D. H., 422. 
 Johnson, D. S., 428. 
 Johnson, Dewltt, 378. 
 Johnson, E. O., 312, 338. 
 Johnson, George W, 59. 
 Johnson, Gudm F., 125. 
 Johnson, H., 124. 
 Johnson, H. J., 356. 
 Johnson, Harlan, 308. 
 Johnson, J. H., 73, 132. 
 Johnson, J. Hernsley, 83. 
 Johnson, J. J., 235. 
 Johnson, James F., 287. 
 Johnson, John I., 172. 
 Johnson, Lee, 69. 
 Johnson, Olaf, 122. 
 Johnson, Oliver, 179. 
 Johnson, E. B., 382. 
 Johnson, Eobert H., 457. 
 Johnson, S. M., 120. 
 Johnson, T. C„ 333. 
 Johnson, T. J., 309. 
 Johnson, Volkmar, 47. 
 Johnson, W. H., 446. 
 Johnson & Fields, 417. 
 Johnson & Smith, 127. 
 Johnston. See Eichbaum & Johnston. 
 Johnston, G. W., 346. 
 Johnston, J. W., 60. 
 Johnston, Eobert, 183. 
 Johnstone, E. R., 128. 
 Johnstone, J. H. S., 362. 
 Johnstown (N. T.) papers, 160. 
 Joliet (111.) papers, 55, 56. 
 Jolley, W. J., 291. 
 
 Jonas, Carl, 427. 
 
 Jonas, Fred, 427. 
 
 Jones. See Robinson & Jones. 
 
 Jones, Byron, 319. 
 
 Jones, C. H., 202. 
 
 Jones, Clarence N., 454. 
 
 Jones, David, 210. 
 
 Jones, E. H., & Brother, 362. 
 
 Jones E. Penrose, 216. 
 
 Jones, George, 199. 
 
 Jones, George L., 307, 437. 
 
 Jones, George S., 169. 
 
 Jones, Gilbert, 199. 
 
 Jones, Griff. O., 299, 460. 
 
 Jones, H. C, 274. 
 
 Jones, H. V., 125, 126. 
 
 Jones, Ira, 17. 
 
 Jones, J. B., 23.- 
 
 Jones J. Boyd, 325. 
 
 Jones, J. E., 420, 437, 451. 
 
 Jones, J. H., 455.. 
 
 Jones, J. P., 274. 
 
 Jones, J. S., 455. 
 
 Jones, James, 55. 
 
 Jones, James E., 348, 349. 
 
 Jones, Jenkin Lloyd, 51. 
 
 Jones, Josiah, 263. 
 
 Jones, Mereweather, 285. 
 
 Jones, O. F., 339, 392. 
 
 Jones, Porter, 336. 
 
 Jones, Rees, 270. 
 
 Jones, Eichard Lloyd, 364. 
 
 Jones, Eobert E., 76. 
 
 Jones, Rufus M., 246. 
 
 Jones, S. E., 368. 
 
 Jones, S. M., 233. 
 
 Jones, S. S., 46. 
 
 Jones, Samuel, 370. 
 
 Jones, Skelton, 285. 
 
 Jones, T. C, 41. 
 
 Jones, Thomas C, 452. 
 
 Jones, Eev. W. Bedford, 156. 
 
 Jones, W. H., 298. 
 
 Jones, W. J., 288. 
 
 Jones, W. S., 27. 
 
 Jones, William A., 131. 
 
 Jones, William Carey, 66. 
 
 Jones & Brown, 393. 
 
 Jones & Watts, 15. 
 
 Jonesboro (Tenn.) papers, 270. 
 
 Joplin (Mo.) papers, 134. 
 
 Jordan, A. M., 431. 
 
 Jordan, C. S., 343. 
 
 Jordan, Ed. S., 359. 
 
 Jordan, Elizabeth G., 177. 
 
 Jordan, J. J., 260. 
 
 Joslyn. See Eowe & Joslyn. 
 
 Josslyn, Lewis, 93. 
 
 [544] 
 
Index 
 
 Jouno, Russell J., 349. 
 .Tilda (Wis.) papers, 344. 
 Jndd, James Strong, 43. 
 Jndd, Orange, 43, 44, 177. 
 Judd, Sylvester, 114. 
 Judge, E. S., 83. 
 Judson, — , 78. 
 Judson, W. B., 41. 
 Judson & Dicey, 41. 
 Judson & King, 41. 
 Juneau, Solomon, 395. 
 Juneau (Wis.) papers, 302, 344, 345. 
 Juneau County (Wis.) history, 324. 
 Juno (Fla.) papers, 26. 
 Junor, David, 305. 
 Just. See Glegerich & Just. 
 Jutkins, A. J., 41. 
 
 Juvenile papers, 108, 109, 168, 185, 
 204, 216, 242, 377, 390, 415, 489. 
 
 Kaemtfeu, H. B., 459. 
 
 Kalme, George S., 411, 413. 
 
 Kalne, J. L., 388, 395. 
 
 Kalamazoo (Mich.) papers, 123. 
 
 Kalhar, Dan J., 318. 
 
 Kane, Alonzo L., 392. 
 
 Kane, R. E„ 408. 
 
 Kaneko, Josephine C, 68. 
 
 Kaneko, Kiichl, 68. 
 
 Kankakee (111.) papers, 39, 56. 
 
 Kanouse, T. D., 431. 
 
 Kansas pipers, 67-72, 498 ; history, 
 
 253 ; board of agriculture, 71. 
 Kansas City (Kans.) papers, 68, 69. 
 Kansas City (Mo.) papers, 68, 134, 135. 
 Karel, L. Albert, 348. 
 Karel, John C, 348. 
 Kartack, G. A., 300. 
 Kartack, J. F., 300. 
 Kaskaskla (111.) papers, 59. 
 Kasson, F. H., 97. 
 Katz, G. H., 357. 
 Kaufman, W. H., 235. 
 Kaufmann, Adolph, 120. 
 Kaukauna (Wis.) papers, 345. 
 Kearns, Thomas, 276. 
 Keating, J. M., 271. 
 Kee, Wan, 9. 
 Keefe, John C, 392, 399. 
 Keeler, D. M., 354, 384, 395, 396. 
 Keeley, D. T., 459. 
 Keemle, Charles, 137, 139. 
 Keene (N. H.) papers, 146. 
 Keeney, H. S., 460. 
 Keeney, J. C, 329, 434, 460. 
 Keep, Charles D., 202. 
 Keeseville (N. Y.) papers, 160. 
 Kelmer, Samuel, 247, 257. 
 
 Keith, Amos B., 103. 
 
 Keith, David, 276. 
 
 Kellar, A. J., 271. 
 
 Kellen, William V., 92. 
 
 Keller, L. S., 2. 
 
 Kelley, Rev. D. O., 8. 
 
 Kelley, F. W., 357. 
 
 Kelley, George V., 424. 
 
 Kelley, H. E., 441. 
 
 Kelley, James P., 28. 
 
 Kelley, James R., 261. 
 
 Kelley, John, 345. 
 
 Kelley, William R., 371. 
 
 Kelllngton, A. E„ 125. 
 
 Kellogg, Anson N., 46, 191, 300. . 
 
 Kellogg, C. S., 158. 
 
 Kellogg, Edward P., 459. 
 
 Kellogg, J. H., 38. 
 
 Kellogg, Paul TJ., 198. 
 
 Kellogg, R. F., 413. 
 
 Kelly, H. M., 104. 
 
 Kelly, J. H., 282. 
 
 Kelly, J. X, 50. 
 
 Kelly, J. L., 60. 
 
 Kelly, J. M., 258. 
 
 Kelly, J. T., 58. 
 
 Kelly, John, 183. 
 
 Kelly, William J., 260. 
 
 Kelsey, Henry, 312. 
 
 Kelso (Scotl.) papers, 484. 
 
 Kemmes, C. W., 426. 
 
 Kemper, Bishop Jackson, 404. 
 
 Kempton, A. J., 360. 
 
 Kendall, Amos, 22. 
 
 Kendall, George, 77. 
 
 Kendall; Holbrook & Co., 77. 
 
 Kendrick, C. D., 390. 
 
 Kenealey, Maurice E., 2. 
 
 Kenehan, Roady, 11. 
 
 Kennan (Wis.) papers, 345. 
 
 Kennard, John H., 194. 
 
 Kennealy, John J., 93. 
 
 Kennedy, Andrew, 437. 
 
 Kennedy, Crammond, 167. 
 
 Kennedy, Frank A., 142. 
 
 Kennedy, R. V., 213. 
 
 Kennedy, William A., 111. 
 
 Kennedy, William R., 283. 
 
 Kennedy Brothers, 258. 
 
 Kenney, Eugene, 323. 
 
 Kenney, P., 403. 
 
 Kenney & Luxton, 471. 
 
 Kennicott, John A., 44. 
 
 Kenosha (Wis.) papers, 346, 347. 
 
 Kent, George, 143. 
 
 Kentucky papers, 72-75, 500. 
 
 Keokuck (Iowa) papers, 66. 
 
 Kephart, Rev. I. L., 227. 
 
 35— N. C. 
 
 545] 
 
Index 
 
 Kepler, Sylvester S., 460. 
 
 Kercheval, Robert, 215. 
 
 Kerningham, E. N., 417. 
 
 Kerr, Alexander, 303. 
 
 Kerr, Charles H., 42, 48, 51. 
 
 Kerr, James, 330, 336. 
 
 Kerr, John P., 282. 
 
 Kerr, Robert, 33. 
 
 Kerwin, M., 198. 
 
 Kessler, — , 141. 
 
 Kessler & Tuttle, 72. 
 
 Keuling, Julius, 368. 
 
 Kewaunee (Wis.) papers, 348. 
 
 Keyes, Julius H., 321, 452. 
 
 Kibbe, E. C, 324, 423. 
 
 Kibbe, Fred, 448. 
 
 Kiekapoo City (Kans.) papers, 69. 
 
 Kidd, Thomas I., 52. 
 
 Kidd, W. E., 267. 
 
 Kidder, Joseph, 145. 
 
 Kidwell, Rev. Jonathan, 221. 
 
 Kilboum, Byron, 380. 
 
 Kilbourn (Wis), papers, 348, 349. 
 
 Kilbourne, James, 225. 
 
 Kilburn, Hallet, 20. 
 
 Killeen, John A., 347. 
 
 Kimball, C. C, 303. 
 
 Kimball, G. F., 31. 
 
 Kimball, George W., 324. 
 
 Kimball, J. M., 385. 
 
 Kimball, John, 9. 
 
 Kimball, Joseph H., 144. 
 
 Kimball, L. H., 405. 
 
 Kimball, M. S., 58. 
 
 Kimball, Mather D., 335. 
 
 Kimball, Morris B., 324, 423, 446, 447. 
 
 Kimball, W. H., 145. 
 
 Kimberly, E. O., 309. 
 
 King. See Judson & King. 
 
 King, Adelaide, 456. 
 
 King, Charles, 163. 
 
 King, E. A., 408. 
 
 King, George, 310. 
 
 King, George H., 402. 
 
 King, H. C, 167. 
 
 King, Henry, 71. 
 
 King, Herbert B., 181. 
 
 King, J. G., 82. 
 
 King, James, 7. 
 
 King, John, 66. 
 
 King, Nicholas, 286. 
 
 King, Rufus, 151, 163, 203, 395, 396. 
 
 King, Mrs. W. H. C, 78. 
 
 King, William S., 128, 131. 
 
 King, Reed & Co., 259. 
 
 Kingman, E., 102. 
 
 Kingsbury, — , 38. 
 
 Kingsley, C, 215. 
 
 Kingston (Jamaica) papers, 497. 
 
 Kingston (N. Y.) papers, 160. 
 
 Kingston (Ont) papers, 467. 
 
 Kinney, J. J., 184. 
 
 Kinney, Knox, 357. 
 
 Kinney, Armstrong & Marshall, 234. 
 
 Kinsella, Thomas, 155. 
 
 Kirby, W. J., 206. 
 
 Kirchhoffer, W. G., 365. 
 
 Kirk, Ernest C, 417. 
 
 Kirk, John N., 320. 
 
 Kirkegaard, Ivar, 427. 
 
 Kirkland, R. B., 344. 
 
 Kirkpatrick. See Crowell & Kirkpat- 
 
 rick. 
 Kirtland, J. P., 223. 
 Kirtland (Ohio) papers, 229. 
 Kittanning (Pa.) papers, 239. 
 Kittredge, A. O., 166, 184. 
 Kittredge, F. E., 92. 
 Kittredge, Kendall, 119. 
 Kittredge & Holmes, 119. 
 Klaesy, Dexter, 293. 
 Klaesy, Gustave, 293. 
 Klapetsky, William E., 61. 
 Klebesadel, C. R., 434. 
 Kleinpell, H., 368, 434. 
 Klemm, L. R., 385. 
 Klenke, August, 157. 
 Kline, Mrs. Adolphus, 233. 
 Kline, E. M., 239. 
 Kline, James W., 33. 
 
 Kline, W. B., 225. 
 
 Klopsch, Louis, 167. 
 Klordahl, Simon, 447. 
 
 Klubenstein. See Washburne & Kluben- 
 stein. 
 
 Klunder, A. F., 434. 
 
 Knapp, C. L., 112. 
 
 Knapp, Charles W., 13*8. 
 
 Knapp, George, 138. 
 
 Knapp, I. E., 312. 
 
 Knapp, Isaac, 109. 
 
 Knapp, J. G., 360, 361, 368, 370. 
 
 Knapp, John, 138. 
 
 Knapp, Louisa, 249. 
 
 Knapp, Samuel B., 400. 
 
 Knapp & Son, 112. 
 
 Knapp, Stout & Co., 377. 
 
 Knapp (Wis.) papers, 349. 
 
 Knappen, C. C, 446. 
 
 Knappen, H. L., 389. 
 
 Kneeland, Abner, 188. 
 
 Kneeland, Floyd, 309. 
 
 Kneeland, John, 402. 
 
 Kneeland, Samuel, .95, 93. 
 
 Knight, James G., 315. 
 
 Knight, W. C, 287. 
 
 [546] 
 
Index 
 
 Knights of Labor, organs, 23, 223, 248, 
 
 252, 256. See also Labor. 
 Knoff, Robert B., 298. 
 Knorr, August, 394. 
 Knott, William E., 256. 
 Knatzer, Emil, 394. 
 "Know Nothing" papers, 146, 173, 302, 
 
 381. 
 Knowlton, Daniel S., 113. 
 Knowlton, H. M., 451. 
 Knowlton, J. S. C, 112, 117. 
 Knox, E. S., 432. 
 Knox, J. Armoy, 109. 
 Knox, J. Jay, 131. 
 Knox, William A. L., 274. 
 Knoxville (Ky.) papers, 73. 
 Knoxviile (Tenn.) papers, 268, 270. 
 Knutson, Kjetli, 212. 
 Koch, H. A., 104. 
 Koehler, J., 385. 
 Koeppel, Richard, 224. 
 Koeppen, George, 387. 
 Kohlmann, Charles, 414. 
 Kohlmann, Valentine, 414. 
 Kohlsaat, Henry H., 39, 46, 50. 
 Kohn, Julius, 433. 
 Kolding (Denmark) papers, 472. 
 Kollock, Shepard, 147. 
 Konkel, J. S., 446. 
 Kopel, Abraham, 464. 
 Kopp, John, 452. 
 Koreshan Unity Colony, 37. 
 Korizek, Frank, 427. 
 Koss, Rudolph A., 379. 
 Kostowsky, — , 457. 
 Krai, J. J., 142, 427. 
 Krall, Edward A., 394. 
 Kramer, E. F., 411. 
 Kramolin, William E., 172. 
 Kraus, Michael, 389. 
 Krause, M. B„ 421. 
 Krautharn, Cajetan, 383. 
 Krembs, William, 442. 
 Kress, H. G., 371. 
 Krez, Conrad, 436. 
 Kringen, Olaf, 127, 268. 
 Krotel, Rey. G. F., 240. 
 Krueger, Otto R., 452. 
 Kruer, August, 361, 381. 
 Kruszka, Joseph, 390. 
 Kruszka, Michael, 390. 
 Kuehn, Gerhard A., 351. 
 Kuk, J., 390. 
 Kummer, H. E., 371. 
 Kuntz, C. C, 433, 434. 
 Kunz, Karl, 394. 
 Kurzenknabe, E., 136. 
 Kutchin, Howard M., 327, 329. 
 
 Kuypers, John A., 318. 
 Kydd, Samuel L., 468. 
 Kynett, Harold H., 250. 
 
 Labor papebs (Ala.) 1; (Alaska), 2; 
 (Ark.), 4; (Australia), 466; (Cal.), 
 4, 5, 8, 9; (Canada), 467, 470; 
 (Colo.), 11, 12; (Conn.), 16; (Del.), 
 18; (D. C), 19, 21-26; (England), 
 486, 489, 494, 495, 497; (Fla.), 26; 
 (France), 472^74; (Ga.), 27-29; 
 (111.), 32-35, 37-41, 45, 49, 51-53. 
 55-57; (Ind.), 59-63; (Iowa), 64-67; 
 (Japan), 478; (Kans.), 69-71; (Ky.), 
 74, 75; (Maine), 81; (Md.), 83, 84; 
 (Mass.), 92, 94, 99, 100, 103-105, 
 107-113, 115-117; (Mich.), 119-122; 
 (Minn.), 124-127, 129; (Mo.), 134- 
 136, 138-140; (Mont.), 141; (Nebr.), 
 142, 143; (N. H.), 143, 145; (N. J.), 
 146-149; (N. Y.), 151, 153-159, 163- 
 166, 168, 169, 174, 175, 181, 184, 
 185, 187, 189, 192, 198-200, 203, 206, 
 208-210; (Ohio), 213. 216-220, 222- 
 228, 230, 233, 234; (Okla.), 235; 
 (Oregon), 236; (Pa.), 237-240, 242, 
 248, 249, 251, 255-260; (Tenn.), 269, 
 271, 272; (Tex.), 274, 275; (Wash.), 
 289, 291; (W. Va.), 292; (Wis.), 298, 
 302, 307, 315, 317, 322, 340, 352, 
 
 360, 372, 373, 380, 389, 390, 397, 
 400, 406, 413, 437, 447, 448, 460, 
 463. 
 
 Lacey, Yates T., 293. 
 
 La Crescent (Minn.) papers, 125. 
 
 La Crosse (Wis.) papers, 128, 349-353, 
 
 361, 396. 
 
 Lacy, Thurlow W., 422. 
 
 Ladd, Eliphalet, 144. 
 
 La Due, A. D., 349, 350, 436. 
 
 La Due, J., 350, 436. 
 
 Ladysmith (Wis.) papers, 354. 
 
 Lafayette (Ind.) papers, 62. 
 
 La Fayette County (Wis.) papers, 438. 
 
 Laffan, William M., 198. 
 
 Lafferty, J. J., 284. 
 
 Lafferty & Co., 283. 
 
 La Flesh, W. W., 406. 
 
 Laflin, J. W., 391. 
 
 LaFollette, Robert M., 365, 370. 
 
 Lagro, Charles, 446. 
 
 Laird, George B., 238. 
 
 Laird, John M., 231. 
 
 Laird, Scott, 133. 
 
 Lake Geneva (Wis.) papers, 333, 354. 
 
 Lake Mills (Wis.) papers, 330, 354. 
 
 Lake Nebagamon (Wis.) papers, 355. 
 
 [547] 
 
Index 
 
 Lake Superior, legends, 301 ; mines, 
 
 319. 
 Lalor, J. J., 394. 
 Lamar (Colo.) papers, 12. 
 Lamb, — , 30. 
 Lamb, Charles W., 376. 
 Lamb, Ellen W., 368. 
 Lamb, W. H., 321. 
 Lambdln, Alfred C, 253, 255. 
 Lambert, Davis, 361. 
 Lambert, George E., 130. 
 Lambert, George M., 311. 
 Lambert, James H., 329, 350. 
 Lambert, W. D., 440. 
 Lamborn, A. B., 441. 
 Lamborn, J., 441. 
 Lamereaux, C. A., 315. 
 Lamont, Hammond, 186. 
 Lamont, James, 41. 
 L'Amoreaux, O. F, 36. 
 Lamson, David R„ 113. 
 Lamuloniere, Eugene, 78. 
 Lancaster, Frank H., 174. 
 Lancaster (N. T.) papers 161. 
 Lancaster (Ohio) papers, 229. 
 Lancaster (Pa.) papers, 239, 240, 251. 
 Lancaster (Wis.) papers, 66, 355, 356. 
 Landers, S. L., 169. 
 Landgraf, G. H., 329. 
 Landwehr, Justin, 331. 
 Lange, Louis A., 327, 328. 
 Langeland, Knut, 47. 
 Langland, Knud, 409. 
 Langstroth, J. T., 228. 
 Langworthy, A. J., 389. 
 Lanslngburg (N. Y.) papers, 161. 
 Lapham, I. A., 380. 
 Lapham, Pazzi, 234. 
 La Porte (Ind.) papers, 62. 
 Laramie, Theophile, 51. 
 Laramie (Wyo.) papers, 293. 
 Larger, B. A., 169. 
 Larke, — , 446. 
 Larkin, Isaac, 91. 
 Larks, Charles P., 30. 
 Larsen, C. J., 236. 
 Larsen, F. C, 317. 
 Larsen, J., 373. 
 Larson, H. A., 455. 
 Larssen, Edward, 366. 
 Lasier, Thomas J., 123. 
 Lassalle, Charles, 170. 
 Latham, F. S., 271. 
 Latham, J., 90. 
 Latham, Robert, 264. 
 Lathers' papers, 223, 225. 
 Lathrop, Rev. — , 209. 
 Lathrop, Joseph, 392. 
 
 Lathrop, S. E., 303. 
 
 Lathrop, S. P., 341, 363. 
 
 Lathrop, Stanley E., 298. 
 
 Latimer, George, 90. 
 
 Latter-day Saints Church. See Mor- 
 mons. 
 
 Latton, Arthur J., 375. 
 
 Lauder, W. S„ 337. 
 
 Laughlln, D. O., 200. 
 
 Laughlin, W. J., 454. 
 
 Laundry Workers' papers, 209. 
 
 Lausanne (Switzerland) papers, 481. 
 
 Laverty. See Buchanan & Laverty. 
 
 Law, A. W., 438. 
 
 Law, Rolla, 295. 
 
 Law, Rolla A., 367. 
 
 Law, T. J., 438. 
 
 Law papers, 40, 89, 132, 181, 249, 390, 
 467. 
 
 Lawe, John D., 336. 
 
 Lawless, L. E., 137. 
 
 Lawrence, A. W., 444. 
 
 Lawrence, Henry W., 276. 
 
 Lawrence, M. J., 223. 
 
 Lawrence, Peter, 153. 
 
 Lawrence (Kans.) papers, 69, 70. 
 
 Lawrence (Mass.) papers, 112. 
 
 Lawrenceburg (Ind.) papers, 63. 
 
 Lawrenceville (Va.) papers, 282. 
 
 Laws, G. L., 430. 
 
 Laws, Gilbert C, 430. 
 
 Lawson, A. J., 407, 418, 455. 
 
 Lawson, Victor F., 42, 46, 47. 
 
 Lawton, Grant H., 415, 461. 
 
 Lawton, J. W., 317, 452. 
 
 Lawton, W. C, 325. 
 
 Layman, Amos, 226. 
 
 Layton, J. E., 71. 
 
 Layton, Robert D., 256. 
 
 Leach, L. B., 356. 
 
 Leach, Luclen B., 419. 
 
 Lead mines, described, 319, 356. 
 
 League of Library Commissions, organ, 
 31. 
 
 League for Social Service, organ, 195. 
 
 Leahy, Frank W., 352. 
 
 Leake, Isaac Q., 150. 
 
 Leal, L. T., 55. 
 
 Leather Dealers' papers. See Shoe and 
 Leather. 
 
 Leather Workers' papers, 134, 140. 
 
 Leavenworth (Kans.) papers, 70. 
 
 Leavltt, Rev. Isaac S., 76. 
 
 Leavitt, Joshua, 94, 172, 179. 
 
 Leavitt, Samuel, 36. 
 
 Lebanon (Ohio) papers, 229. 
 
 Lebanon (Pa.) papers, 240. 
 
 Le Bell, A. O., 307. 
 
 [548] 
 
Index 
 
 Le Count, F. L., 337. 
 
 Le Count, F. M., 33T. 
 
 Le Count, J. M., 33T. 
 
 Le Count, Sadie B., 337. 
 
 Le Count, W. G., 408. 
 
 Ledoux, N., 130. 
 
 Lee, Baker P., 285. 
 
 Lee, H. W., 442. 
 
 Leedon, James, 384. 
 
 Lefargue, L., 78. 
 
 Leffiingweil, C. W., 41. 
 
 Leffingwell, Sam L., 61. 
 
 Lefranc, Emile, 77, 78. 
 
 Legal Aid Society, organ, 182. 
 
 Legal papers. See Law. 
 
 Leggett, T. B., 179, 190. 
 
 Leggett, William, 189. 
 
 Leggett, William, 171. 
 
 Legler, H. B., A Moses of the Mormons, 
 450. 
 
 Lehmann, A. C, 335. 
 
 Lehmann, August, 111. 
 
 Lelchmann, H., 120. 
 
 Lelcht, Charles A., 407. 
 
 Leicht, Donald M., 407. 
 
 Leicht, Joseph, 331. 
 
 Lelcht & Schmid, 132. 
 
 Lelpsig (Germany^ papers, 476. 
 
 "Lelsle Lester." See Sophia E. Bloom- 
 er. 
 
 Lelss, Bmil, 10. 
 
 Leiss, Dr. Franz, 175. 
 
 Leitch, J. S., 281. 
 
 Leith, Charles A., 297, 332, 448. 
 
 Leltsch, Robert C, 314, 
 
 Leland. See Hotchklss & Leland. 
 
 Leland, Charles G., 201, 242, 253. 
 
 Leland, Frank, 317, 323, 354. 
 
 Leland, T. C, 183. 
 
 Lemmers, Charles A., 317. 
 
 Lemmon, John B., 198. 
 
 Lemmon, John D., 400. 
 
 Lemon, George E., 25. 
 
 Lenaw, J. B., 43. 
 
 Lenoir (N. C.) papers, 211. 
 
 Lenox (Mass.) papers, 116. 
 
 Leonard, John W., 48. 
 
 Leonard, Joseph A., 454, 461. 
 
 Leonard, W. H., 343. 
 
 Lerch, Frank S., 25. 
 
 Le Roy. See Noyes & Le Roy. 
 
 Le Roy (N. T.) papers, 161. 
 
 Lesler, Lou P., 308. 
 
 Lesler, Mrs. Lou P., 308. 
 
 Leslie, Frank, 174, 179. 
 
 L'Estrange, Sir Roger, 491. 
 
 Leuschen, Frank, 372. 
 
 Levang, O. M., 67. 
 
 Levasseur, T., 130. 
 
 Levenlch, J. M., 390. 
 
 Levy, Thomas C, 414. 
 
 Lewis, A. H., 110. 
 
 Lewis, Alice, 246. 
 
 Lewis, Arthur M., 36. 
 
 Lewis, Austin B., 6. 
 
 Lewis, D. S., 282. 
 
 Lewis, Evan, 246. 
 
 Lewis, Frank A., 316. 
 
 Lewis, G. K., 479. 
 
 Lewis, G. W., 73. 
 
 Lewis, H. N. F, 47. 
 
 Lewis, Henry Harrison, 163. 
 
 Lewis, N. V., 5. 
 
 Lewis, Seth, 123. 
 
 Lewis, Thomas, 95. 
 
 Lewis, W. R., 123. 
 
 Lewis, W. Scott, 5. 
 
 Lewis, William, 184. 
 
 Lewis, Zacharlah, 169, 196. 
 
 Lewis & Arthur, 123. 
 
 Lewis & Egry, 228. 
 
 Lewisburg (W. Va.) papers, 292. 
 
 Lewlston (Idaho) papers, 30. 
 
 Lewiston (Maine) papers, 80. 
 
 Lewlston (N. T.) papers, 161. 
 
 Lexington (Ky.) papers, 73, 74. 
 
 Lexington (Miss.) papers, 133. 
 
 Lexington (Va.) papers, 283. 
 
 Leyden (Holland) papers, 477. 
 
 Leytoldt, A. H., 182. 
 
 Leyfoldt, F., 182, 191, 192. 
 
 L'Hommedieu, Richard, 217. 
 
 L"Hommedieu, Stephen, 217. 
 
 Libby, C. A., 325. 
 
 Libby, John, 245. 
 
 Liberia, papers, 478 ; colonization of, 
 498. 
 
 Liberty (Va.) papers, 283. 
 
 Liberty party papers, 385, 425, 453. 
 
 Librarians, convention of, 187. 
 
 Library papers, 31, 75, 126, 182, 249. 
 489, 490. 
 
 Lick, J. C, 282. 
 
 Liddy, Elrie Z., 135. 
 
 Liggett, C. Frost, 12. 
 
 Lightner, J. S., 42T-. 
 
 Lima (Ohio) papers, 229. 
 
 Lima (Peru) papers, 479, 480. 
 
 Limberg & Thilly, 222. 
 
 Limbocker, George W., 308. 
 
 Lincoln, Abraham, nomination sup- 
 ported, 50; assailed, 155; cited, 137. 
 
 Lincoln, L. R., 221. 
 
 Lincoln, Simeon, 14. 
 
 Lincoln & Edmands, 102. 
 
 Lincoln (Del.) papers, 18. 
 
 [549] 
 
Index 
 
 Lincoln (Nebr.) papers, 141, 142. 
 
 Lind, G., 295. 
 
 Lindahl, Eev. S. P. A., 55. 
 
 Lindblom, E., 38. 
 
 Lindeman, Herman, 
 
 Linden (Wis.) papers, 356. 
 
 Linden, Oliver A., 49. 
 
 Lindley, D. T., 324, 374, 406, 418, 430, 
 452. 
 
 Lindley, T., 324. 
 
 Lindsay, F. A., 281. 
 
 Lindsay, J. H., 281. 
 
 Lindsay, John, 53. 
 
 Lindstrand, P. A., 49. 
 
 Linscott, L., 3. 
 
 Linton, James F., 226. 
 
 Linxweiler, Eugene, 53. 
 
 Listoe, F. C, 130. 
 
 Listoe, S., 130. 
 
 Litch, Josiah, 255. 
 
 Litchfield (Conn.) papers, 15. 
 
 Litchfield (Minn.) papers, 125. 
 
 Litchman, Charles H., 256. 
 
 Literary papers, (Denmark), 472; 
 (England), 484, 488-491; (111.), 32, 
 35, 47, 48, 52; (Ky.), 75; (Mass.), 
 90, 100, 108; (Minn.), 130; (Mo.), 
 139; (N. T.), 157, 160, 164-166, 170; 
 171, 179, 181, 182, 185-187, 193; 
 (Ohio), 215, 217-219; (Pa.), 241, 
 242, 247, 249, 252, 254-256; (Peru), 
 480; (Scotl.), 483; (S. C), 266; 
 (Va.), 281, 284, 286, 287; (Wis.), 
 302, 311, 323, 330, 352, 353, 363, 366, 
 380, 391, 393, 399, 414, 420, 427, 443, 
 453. 
 
 Lithuanian papers, 248. 
 
 Littell, Eliakim, 254. 
 
 Littlefield, S. D., 436. 
 
 Little Rock (Ark.) papers, 3, 4. 
 
 Livermore, Daniel P., 42. 
 
 Livermore, F. F., 303-305, 413, 463. 
 
 Livermore, Mary A., 42, 108. 
 
 Livermore, Samuel, 286. 
 
 Liverpool (Eng.) papers, 484. 
 
 Livingstone, Robert, rescued by Stan- 
 ley, 178. 
 
 Lloyd, J. William, 117. 
 
 Lloyd, James W., 320. 
 
 Lobdell, Charles, 350. 
 
 Locke, Charles H., 112. 
 
 Locke, D. R., 232. 
 
 Locke, Richard Adams, 155, 198. 
 
 Locke, Robinson, 232. 
 
 Lockerby, AbneT P., 457, 458. 
 
 Lockin, Jphn W., 328. 
 
 Lockley, Frederick, 276. 
 
 Lockport (N. T.) papers, 161. 
 
 Lodge, James, 290. 
 
 Lodl (Wis.) papers, 357. 
 
 Loew, Edward, 398. 
 
 Logan & Sterne, 4. 
 
 Logansport (Ind.) papers, 63. 
 
 Lohmann, Charles, 331, 426. 
 
 Lohmar, G., 458. 
 
 Lohmar, H. J., 236. 
 
 Lomas, G. A, 152. 
 
 Lombard, Miss Mary I., 257. 
 
 London (Eng.) papers, 484—495. 
 
 London (Ohio) papers, 229. 
 
 London (Ont!) papers, 387, 467, 468. 
 
 Lone Rock (Wis.) papers, 357. 
 
 Long, Frank, 444. 
 
 Long, Harry, 222. 
 
 Long, W. C, 34. 
 
 Long Island (Kans.) papers, 70. 
 
 Longley, Alcander, 137. 
 
 Looker. See Ely, Allen & Looker. 
 
 Looker, J. H., 218. 
 
 Looker & Reynolds, 220. 
 
 Looker & Wallace 1 , 218. 
 
 Loomer, H. M., 435. 
 
 Loope, G. L., 375. 
 
 Loose, H., 389. 
 
 Lord, Charles A., 80. 
 
 Lord, Cyrus K., 349. 
 
 Lord, Eliot, 124. 
 
 Lore, Rev. D. D., 153. 
 
 Lorimer, George H., 252. 
 
 Loring, C. E. 
 
 Loring, David, 92. 
 
 Loring, James, 108. 
 
 Loring, Miss S. B., 257. 
 
 Loring, Thomas, 212. 
 
 Los Angeles (Cal.) papers, 4, 5. 
 
 Lottridge, Leonard, 352, 353. 
 
 Lathrop, V. W., 427. 
 
 Loucks, H. L., 268. 
 
 Loudon, Samuel, 159. 
 
 Loughrey, R. W., 275. 
 
 Louisiana papers, 76-79. 
 
 Louisiana (Mo.) papers, 135. 
 
 Louisville (Ky.) papers, 72, 74, 75. 
 
 Love, — , 351. 
 
 Love, Rev. D. D., 208. 
 
 Love, J. R., 311. 
 
 Love, John M., 43. 
 
 Lovejoy, Joseph, 94. 
 
 Lovell, Mary F:, 257. 
 
 Lowater, Charles, 442. 
 
 Lowe, John, 468. 
 
 Lowe, Samuel H., 206. 
 
 Lowell, James Russell, 52, 89, '163. 
 
 Lowell (Mass.) papers, 112, 113. 
 
 LBwenbach, B., & Son, 380. 
 
 Lowery, Samuel E., 21. 
 
 [550] 
 
Index 
 
 Lowman, C, 428. 
 
 Lowrey, B. J., 356. 
 
 Lowrie, James, 449. 
 
 Lcwry & Miller, 232. 
 
 Lowth, Frank, 345. 
 
 Lowther, Granville, 72. 
 
 Lowville (N. T.) papers, 161. 
 
 "Loyal Sons of Liberty," organ, 14. 
 
 Loyal (Wis.) papers, 357. 
 
 Loyalist papers, 91, 243, 252, 264. 
 
 Loyless, Thomas W., 27. 
 
 Luce, G. S., 332. 
 
 Luce, S. S., 332. 
 
 Luce, W. S., 332, 352. 
 
 Lucknow, Ed. L., 299. 
 
 Lucy, Mrs. L. A., 453. 
 
 Ludlow, Helen W., 282. 
 
 Ludlow (Vt.) papers, 278. 
 
 Ludvigh, Samuel, 83. 
 
 Luers, H. F., 129. 
 
 Lum, Dyer D., 32. 
 
 Lumbermen's papers, 41, 49, 391. 
 
 Lumsden, Francis A., 77. 
 
 Lumsden, Kendall, 77. 
 
 LuBak, J. V., 348. 
 
 Lund, Ed., 212. 
 
 Lund, Emil, 373. 
 
 Lund & Foss, 127. 
 
 Lundy, Benjamin, 230, 244. 
 
 Lush, Charles K., 349. 
 
 Lusk, D. M., 423. 
 
 Lutheran papers, 50, 55-57, 65, 127, 
 
 132, 137, 240, 250, 290, 382, 385, 
 
 387, 390. 
 Lutton, A., 78. 
 Luxton, William F., 471. 
 Lyford, William, 288. 
 Lyman, H., 436. 
 Lyman, J. L., 26. 
 Lyman, P. H., 276. 
 Lyman & Smith, 54. 
 Lynch, E. J., 184. 
 Lynch, Joseph D., 4, 5. 
 Lynch & Bruemmer, 348. 
 Lynchburg (Va.) papers, 283. 
 Lynde. See Stanley, Lynde & Hayward. 
 Lynde, John H., 79. 
 Lynn, W. H. H., 288. 
 Lynn (Mass.) papers. 113. 
 Lyon, Hiram M„ 432. 
 Lyon, J. M., 392. 
 Lyon, James, 279, 286. 
 Lyon, Oliver, 208. 
 Lyon, W., 372. 
 Lyons, J. R., 266. 
 Lyons (France) papers, 473. 
 Lyons (Iowa) papers, 66. 
 Lyser, Gustav, 368. 
 
 Lyzell, A. H., 164. 
 
 Mabie, Hamilton, 167. 
 
 Mabrey, Joseph A., 270. 
 
 MeAfferty, W. J., 354. 
 
 McAlarney, M. W., 239. 
 
 McAllister, D., 243. 
 
 M'Anelty, J. F., 86. 
 
 McArthur, Archibald, 319, 439. 
 
 MacArthur, C. L., 208, 385, 395, 396. 
 
 MacArthur, Walter, 8. 
 
 McArthur (Ohio) papers, 229. 
 
 McAullff, Cornelius, 44, 50. 
 
 McAvoy, J. H., 412. 
 
 McBratney, R., 234. 
 
 McBride. See Perkins, McBride & Os- 
 
 trander. 
 McBride, C. C, 147. 
 McBride, D., 374. 
 McBride, David, 441. 
 McBride, E. S., 441. 
 McBride, John, 230. 
 McBride, Wilfred, 441. 
 McCabe, J. B., 110. 
 McCall, E. J., 410. 
 McCallister, Henry Jr., 248. 
 McCann, John A., 156. 
 McCarty, C. H., 240. 
 McCarty, Page, 287. 
 McCartney, David, 330. 
 McCausland, Charles S., 436. 
 McClanahan, John, 271. 
 McClellan, Archibald, 91. 
 McClellan, James H., 86. 
 McClelland, E. C, 429. 
 McCleneghan, A. R., 334. 
 McCIevey, W. S., 62. 
 MacClintock. See Hall & MacClIntock. 
 McCIintock, C. E., 3. 
 McClosky, Henry, 155. 
 McClurg, A. C, 35. 
 MeClure, A. K., 239. 
 McClure, Alexander, 255. 
 MeClure, Samuel G., 225. 
 McComas, E. W., 50. 
 McComas, W. Scott, 40. 
 McConnell, F. J., 315. 
 McConnell, J. E., 357, 370. 
 McConnell, Thomas, 404, 424, 463. 
 McConnellsville (Ohio) papers, 229. 
 McConochie, G. S., 359. 
 McCord. See Thompson, McCord & Co. 
 MeCord, Myron H., 378, 434, 444. 
 McCorkle, William, 245. 
 McCormack, A. W., 309. 
 McCormick, B. E., 309. 
 McCormick, Cyrus H., 38, 50. 
 McCormick, John D., 149. 
 
 [551] 
 
Index 
 
 McCormick, Medill, 50. 
 MeCourt, — , 433. 
 McCourt, Harry W., 429. 
 MeCourt, J. H., 433. 
 McCourt, T. B., 375. 
 McCoy, B. E., 440. 
 McCoy, C. S., 440. 
 McCreery, Capt. C. H., 284. 
 McCully, William F., 242. 
 McCune, C. W., 21. 
 McCutchen, Lloyd, 66. 
 MeDaniel, Roland E., 439. 
 McDonald. See Barr & McDonald. 
 MacDonald. See Robertson, MacDon- 
 ald & Cameron. 
 McDonald, A. R., 124. 
 McDonald, Alexander, 283. 
 McDonald, Andrew, 415. 
 McDonald, ,E. M., 200. 
 McDonald, George E., 200. 
 McDonald, Iran S., 389. 
 MacDonald, Katharine I., 31. 
 MacDonald, Malcolm, 18. 
 McDonnell, J. P., 149. 
 McDougall, Alexander, 180. 
 McDowell, Charles, 239. 
 McDowell, George D., 439. 
 McElrath, Thomas, 193, 200. 
 McElroy, P. P., 290. 
 McElroy, John, 25. 
 McElroy, Sheridan H., 315. 
 McElroy, Thomas H., 383, 438. 
 McElroy, William H., 315. 
 McElroy, Shoppel & Andrews, 25. 
 McEntee, Charles, 135. 
 McEwen, Elias, 369. 
 McEwen, William E., 124. 
 McPadden, John, 223. 
 McPail, W. J. P., 369. 
 McFarland, Rev. J. T., 216. 
 McParland, Robert, 194. 
 MacParlane, A. L., 374. 
 McParlane, Robert, 152, 183. 
 McGarry, John M., 122. 
 McGillivray, V. A., 406. 
 McGilton, E. G., 358. 
 McGlachlin, Edward, 442. 
 McGoyern, John, 35. 
 MacGowan, J. E., 269. 
 McGowan, J. W., 379. 
 McGraw, — , 172. 
 McGregor, Alexander, 409. 
 McGuire, A. M., 2. 
 McGuire, P. J., 242. 
 McHenry, C. W., 343. 
 Machia, W. H„ 294. 
 Machinists' papers, 23, 183, 223. 
 McHugb, James, 24, 452. 
 
 McHugh, William K„ 419. 
 
 Mclndoe, L. J., 280. 
 
 Mclntyre A. A., 341. 
 
 Mclntyre, John, 256. 
 
 Mclver. See Markland & Mclver. 
 
 Mclver, H., 468. 
 
 Mack. See Myers & Mack. 
 
 Mack, Andrew, 120. 
 
 Mack, Charles M., 312. 
 
 Mack, I. P., 309. 
 
 McKay, A. F., 446. 
 
 McKay, W. J., 299. 
 
 McKean, William V., 253. 
 
 McKee, David, 419. 
 
 McKee, Robert, 419. 
 
 McKee, William, 137. 
 
 McKee * Hill, 137. 
 
 McKeen, Thomas H., 273. 
 
 McKelway, St. Clair, 150, 155. 
 
 McKenney, L. C, 307, 308, 418. 
 
 McKennie, R. B., 272. 
 
 Mackenzie, Fred W., 365. 
 
 Mackey, E. W., 371. 
 
 Mackey, J., 428. 
 
 McKian, P. J. V., 38. 
 
 Mackinac, reminiscences, 335. 
 
 McKinery, J., 8. 
 
 McKinley, Hays, 347. 
 
 McKinley, Oscar, 213. 
 
 McKinney. See Fleming & McKinney. 
 
 McKinney, W. W., 253. 
 
 Macklin, E. H., 471. 
 
 McKnight, Charles, 258, 259. 
 
 McKnight, S„ 120. 
 
 McKown, J., 80. 
 
 McLain, J. S., 126. 
 
 McLallin, S., 71. 
 
 McLaughlin, C. H., 70. 
 
 McLaughlin, Frank, 255. 
 
 McLaughlin, S. W., 212. 
 
 M'Lean, A., 176. 
 
 M'Lean, Charles D., 269. 
 
 McLean, David, 259. 
 
 McLean, F. J., 377. 
 
 M'Lean, J., 176. 
 
 McLean, John, 229. 
 
 McLean, John R., 23. 
 
 McLean, Nathaniel, 131. 
 
 Maclellan, H. E., 437. 
 
 McLoughlin, Ed., 328. 
 
 McMahon, Jesse H., 271. 
 
 McMahon, John, 337. 
 
 McMahon, P. F., 310. 
 
 McMakln, Andrew, 244. 
 
 McManamy, P. J., 310. 
 
 McMichael, Morton, 244, 252. 
 
 McMillan, A., 28. 
 
 McMillan, James, 221. 
 
 [552] 
 
Index 
 
 McMillan, James W., 266. 
 
 McMynn, John G., 426. 
 
 McNamara, George T., 291. 
 
 McNamara, J. J., 60. 
 
 McNamee, John F., 272. 
 
 McNamee, Theodore, 179. 
 
 McNeal, T. A., 71. 
 
 McNeil, John, 69. 
 
 Macon, W. W., 184. 
 
 Macon (Ga.) papers, 28. 
 
 McPherson, E., 253. 
 
 McRae, Donald, 289. 
 
 Macrorie, A. C, 393, 410. 
 
 McVean, D. C, 347. 
 
 McWllllams, J. W., 261. 
 
 Madagascar papers, 499. 
 
 Madden, George A., 258. 
 
 Mades, II., 413. 
 
 Madison, James, administration organs, 
 
 85, 138, 147, 211. 
 Madison (Ind.) papers, 215. 
 Madison (Minn.) papers, 125. 
 Madison (Wis.) papers, 47, 127, 357- 
 
 370, 381, 425. 
 Madrid (Spain) papers, 480. 
 Maffltt, Rev. J. N., 166. 
 Magann, E. W., 392. 
 Magdeburg (Germany) papers, 476. 
 Magee, George, 325. 
 Magee, William B., 329. 
 Maginnis, John, 79. 
 Magnan, H., 467. 
 Magruder, A. B., 281. 
 Hainan, Asa, 231. 
 Mahoney, D. O., 352. 
 Mahoney, P. W., 352. 
 Mahon, W. D., 121. 
 Maiden Rock (Wis.) papers, 370. 
 Mallly, William, 111. 
 Maine papers, 79-82. 
 Mallet, Elizabeth, 486. 
 Mallett, Charles, 356. 
 Mallo, Daniel, 314, 361. 
 Mallo, Marcus II., 314. 
 Mallon, H., 315. 
 Mallory, C. L., 382. 
 Mallory, D., 102. 
 Malloy, M. H„ 13. 
 Malone, Edward, 451. 
 Malone, Murt, 414. 
 Malone & Miller, 451. 
 Maloney & Theuver, 297. 
 Mance, A. W., 48. 
 Manchester (Eng.) papers, 495, 496. 
 Manchester (N. H.) papers, 145. 
 Manchester (Tenn.) papers, 270. 
 Mandell, George S., 107. 
 Manderfleld & Tucker, 149. 
 
 Mandt, G. G., 365-367. 
 
 Mandt, T. G., 443. 
 
 Maney, James D., 272. 
 
 Maney, Henry, 272. 
 
 Mangold, H. W., 291. 
 
 Manhattan (Kans.) papers, 70. 
 
 Manila (P. I.) papers, 464. 
 
 Manitowoc (Wis.) papers, 327, 334, 
 
 370-372. 
 Mankato (Minn.) papers, 125. 
 Manley, Rer. William E., 42. 
 Mann, Ben M., 229. 
 Mann, Herman, 110. 
 Mann, J. C, 341, 343. 
 Mann, Jacob E., 459. 
 Mann, John, 144. 
 Mann, John E., 459. 
 Mann, Tom, 466. 
 Manning, Daniel, 150. 
 Manning, E. C, 70. 
 Manning, James H., 150. 
 Manning, Samuel B., 118. 
 Manning, William, 118. 
 Mansfield, E. B., 217. 
 Mansfield, E. D., 215. 
 Mansfield, Edward, 219. 
 Manufacturers' papers. See Mercantile. 
 Manypenny. See Medary & Manypenny. 
 Mapes, A. P., 431, 432. 
 Mapes, J. J., 173. 
 Mapes, T. J., 432. 
 Marathon (Wis.) papers, 372. 
 Marble, Manton, 203. 
 Marble Workers' papers, 121. 
 Marblehead (Mass.) papers, 113. 
 Marchant, Peter T., 263, 265. 
 Marcotte, Anna M., 26. 
 Marcus (Iowa) papers, 66. 
 Marcy, William L., 150. 
 Marietta (Ohio) papers, 230. 
 Marinette (Wis.) papers, 372, 373. 
 Marlng, L. H., 348. 
 "Marion Harland." See Mary V. Ter- 
 
 hune. 
 Markesan (Wis.) papers, 373, 374. 
 Markey, James H., 151. 
 Mark!) am. Ada R., 340, 341. 
 Markham, George A., 340, 341. 
 Markham, William, 412. 
 Markham & Parker, 388. 
 Markland, John, 265. 
 Markland & Mclver, 264, 265. 
 Markle, Frank A., 389. 
 Marks, C. R., 294, 302, 454, 455, 462. 
 Markus, Franz, 376. 
 Marlboro (Mass.) papers, 113. 
 Marquette (Mich.) papers, 123. 
 Marquette (Wis.) papers, 374. 
 
 [553 
 
Index 
 
 Marschner, A. E., 435. 
 
 Marsh, — , 435. 
 
 Marsh, C. O., 295. 
 
 Marsh, C. W-, 36. 
 
 Marsh, F. A.,, 303. 
 
 Marsh, H. F., 261. 
 
 Marsh, H. L., 303. 
 
 Marsh, J. L., 356, 417, 418. 
 
 Marsh, J. T. B., 32. 
 
 Marsh, Joseph, 205. 
 
 Marsh, L. J., 435. 
 
 Marsh, S. M., 406. 
 
 Marsh & Hichcock, 260. 
 
 Marshall. See Kinney, Armstrong & 
 
 Marshall. 
 Marshall, E. F., 206. 
 Marshall, Henry, 95. 
 Marshall, Hubert S., 11. 
 Marshall, Humphrey, 73. 
 Marshall, William E., 131. 
 Marshall (Mich.) papers, 123. 
 Marshall (Tex.) papers, 275. 
 Marshash, William E., 155. 
 Marshfleld (Wis.) papers, 374. 
 Marston, C. C, 313. 
 Marston, J. T., 278, 367. 
 Marston & Freeman, 146. 
 Marta, Frank, 340. 
 Martien, Alfred, & Co., 253. 
 Martin, Alexander, 82. 
 Martin, C. A., 295. 
 Martin, Charles I., 444. 
 Martin, George W., 72. 
 Martin, H. B., 126. 
 Martin, J. L., 24. 
 Martin, John A., 67. 
 Martin, John J., 258. 
 Martin, John T., 367. 
 Martin, Lewis C 355. 
 Martin, Morgan L., 335. 
 Martin, E., 154. 
 Martin, S. W., 367, 368. 
 Martin, W. I., 452. 
 Martin, William M., 425. 
 Martin Brothers, 305. 
 Martin & Dodge, 457. 
 Martin & Patten, 75. 
 Martindale, B. B., 61. 
 Martindale, W. B., 346. 
 Martinsburg (N. Y.) papers, 161. 
 Martinsburg (Va.) papers, 283. 
 Martner, Wallace B., 422. 
 Marvin, Cornelia, 31. 
 Marvin, H. S., 334. 
 Marvin, Jonathan J., 438. 
 Marvine, H. S., 318. 
 Maryland papers, 82-87, 498, 500. 
 Masek, Vojta, 427. 
 
 Mason, Carl W., 296. 
 
 Mason, H. F., 306. 
 
 Mason, L. B., 42. 
 
 Mason, E. B., 38. 
 
 Mason, T., 166. 
 
 Mason, T. O., 315. 
 
 Mason, William Jr., 265. 
 
 Masonic papers, 75, 95, 152, 154, 176, 
 391. See also Odd Fellows. 
 
 Massachusetts papers, 87-118, 498 
 Colonial Society publications, 97, 104 
 Historical Society publications, 88 
 Sunday School Society, 108 ; Total Ab- 
 stinence Society, 106. 
 
 Masse, Hamilton F., 348. 
 
 Massillon (Ohio) papers, 230. 
 
 Mast, Crowell & Klrkpatrick, 232. 
 
 Masters. See Wilson & Masters. 
 
 Matamoras (Mex.) papers, 479. 
 
 Matamoras (Tex.) papers, 275. 
 
 Matchett, J. K., 300. 
 
 Mathes. See Tarnell, Caystilc & 
 Mathes. 
 
 Mathes, George! P., 356, 452. 
 
 Mathews, W. D., 303, 402. 
 
 Mathias, Benjamin, 252. 
 
 Mathwig, Arthur, 435. 
 
 Mathys, George, 297. 
 
 Mathys, Leonard, 297. 
 
 Matson, Eev. W. A., 168. 
 
 Matteson, Andre 1 , 40. 
 
 Matteson, J. G., 119. 
 
 Matteson, W. H. H., 320. 
 
 Matthews, Charles X., 72. 
 
 Matthews, Gustavus C, 35, 271. 
 
 Matthews & Warren, 157. 
 
 Mattson, Hans, 127, 132. 
 
 Maumee City (Ohio) papers, 230. 
 
 Maurer, Joseph, 335. 
 
 Maury, Abram P., 273. 
 
 Mauston (Wis.) papers, 369, 374. 
 
 Mauzy, Eichard, 288. 
 
 Mawson & Farran, 452. 
 
 "Max Adder." See Charles H. Clark. 
 
 Maxcy, Eaton , W., 263. 
 
 Maxfleld, C. E., 327. 
 
 Maxham, Ephraim, 277-279. 
 
 Maxwell, Hugh, 239. 
 
 Maxwell, James, 249. 
 
 Maxwell, William, 169. 
 
 May, A. M., 303. 
 
 May, J. M., 341. 
 
 May, Samuel J., 113. 
 
 Mayer, Benjamin, 238. 
 
 Mayer, Walter, 316. 
 
 Mayhew, Ira, 363. 
 
 Mayne, D. D., 367. 
 
 Mayville (Wis.) papers, 375. 
 
 [554] 
 
Index 
 
 Maywood (111.) papers, 56. 
 
 Mazomanie (Wis.) papers, 375, 443. 
 
 Mazurkiewicz, R., 35. 
 
 Mazzuchelli, Father Samuel Charles, 
 438. 
 
 Meacham, A. B., 20. 
 
 Meacham, George, 325. 
 
 Meacham, George W., 306. 
 
 Mead. See Dodd, Mead & Co. 
 
 Mead, — , 77. 
 
 Mead, Charles B., 451. 
 
 Meade, F. C, 296. 
 
 Meader, C. V., 3. 
 
 Meadows Brothers, 210. 
 
 Meads, Alfred, 123. 
 
 Meaney, Thomas G., 157. 
 
 Mears, Charles E., 377, 411. 
 
 Mears, Charles W., 186. 
 
 Mechanlcsburg (Pa.) papers, 240. 
 
 "Mecklenburg Declaration of Independ- 
 ence," 211. 
 
 Medary, Jacob Jr., 226. 
 
 Medary, Samuel A., 224, 226. 
 
 Medary & Manypenny, 226. 
 
 Medary, Reynolds & Medary, 226. 
 
 Medford (Mass.) papers, 113. 
 
 Medford (Wis.) papers, 375, 376. 
 
 Medical papers, 51, 183, 250. See also 
 Sanitary.- 
 
 Medill, J. C, 44. 
 
 Medlll, Joseph, 45, 50. 
 
 Medill, W. H., 44. 
 
 Meehan, M., 144. 
 
 Meehan, P. W., 441. 
 
 Meek, Charles E., 171. 
 
 Meek, William D., 51. 
 
 Meffert, W. C, 298. 
 
 Meggy, Percy R., 42. 
 
 Meigs & Dana, 15. 
 
 Meiler, John G., 52. 
 
 Meili, Jacob, 331. 
 
 Mein, John, 91. 
 
 Meiringen (Switzerland) papers, 481. 
 
 Melaas, O. O., 443. 
 
 Meland, E. C, 316. 
 
 Melbourne (Australia) papers, 465, 466. 
 
 Melcher, John, 146. 
 
 Mellen, James H., 107. 
 
 Mellen (Wis.) papers, 376. 
 
 Melvin, George T., 82. 
 
 Memphis (Tenn.) papers, 270, 271. 
 
 Menasha (Wis.) papers, 297, 327, 376, 
 377. 
 
 Mendel, George E., 296, 434. 
 
 Mendon (Mass.) papers, 113, 114. 
 
 Menefee, D. C, 306. 
 
 Menefee & Perkins, 463. 
 
 Menge, William, 371. 
 
 Menominee (Mich.) papers, 123. 
 
 Menomonie (Wis.) papers, 377. 
 
 Menomonie Falls (Wis.) papers, 378. 
 
 Mercantile papers (Cal.), 9; (Conn.), 
 17; (Eng.), 489, 491, 493; (111.), 31, 
 33, 34, 37, 41-43, 45, 49, 52; (Iowa), 
 65, 66; (La.), 77; (Maine), 80; 
 (Mass.), 92, 104, 105; (Minn.), 125; 
 (Mo.), 137, 138; (N. T.), 163, 165, 
 170-172, 183, 191, 192; (Ohio), 223; 
 (Oregon), 235; (Pa.), 241, 244, 245, 
 254; (Va.), 288; (Wis.), 376, 383, 
 389-391, 414, 425, 442. See also In- 
 surance, Labor, and the several trades 
 and occupations. 
 
 Merchant, Albion N., 277. 
 
 Meredith, E. T., 65. 
 
 Merfleld, Thomas, 302. 
 
 Merrell, A. D., 451. 
 
 Merrell, E. H., 432. 
 
 Merrell, V. A. W., 422. 
 
 Merrell, W. D., 422. 
 
 Merriam. See Spooner & Merriam. 
 
 Merriam, E. F., 108. 
 
 Merrick, George B., 362, 433. 
 
 Merrill, F. W., 327, 411. 
 
 Merrill, W. Bradford, 253. 
 
 Merrill, W. H., 97. 
 
 Merrill (Wis.) papers, 378, 428. 
 
 Merrillan (Wis.) papers, 378, 379. 
 
 Merritt, Ed. E., 406. 
 
 Merritt, J. W., 31. 
 
 Merritt, T., 16. 
 
 Merry, Thomas H., 9. 
 
 Mertz, M., 407. 
 
 Merwin, J. B., 138. 
 
 Meservey, C. C, 350, 399. 
 
 Mesplet, Fleury, 468. 
 
 "Mess. Colon & Spondee." See Royal 
 Tyler. 
 
 Messenger, A. J., 377. 
 
 Messenger, C. H., 413. 
 
 Messenger, F. C, 413, 432. 
 
 Messer Brothers, 416. 
 
 Metal Polishers' papers, 121, 184, 218. 
 
 Metal Workers' papers, 41, 135, 184, 
 233. See also Iron Workers. 
 
 Metcalf. See Boynton & Metcalf. 
 
 Metcalf, H. B., 144. 
 
 Metcalf, H. W., 321. 
 
 Methodist Episcopal papers (111.), 33, 
 36, 40; (La.), 76, 77; (Md.), 82; 
 (Mass.), 109; (Mo.), 134; (Nebr.), 
 142; (N. T.), 153, 154, 166, 168, 
 184, 208; (Ohio), 215, 216; (Pa.), 
 243, 257, 258; (Tenn.), 272; (Wis.), 
 323, 326, 342, 365, 390, 412, 414. 
 
 [555] 
 
Index 
 
 Methodist Episcopal Church South pa- 
 pers, 284. 
 
 Meunier, Leon, 170. 
 
 Mexico, papers, 479, 499 ; paper relat- 
 ing to, 185. 
 
 Mexico (N. y.) papers, 161. 
 
 Mexico City (Mexico) papers, 479. 
 
 Meyer, Frederick, 308, 310, 392. 
 
 Meyer, George, 297, 394. 
 
 Meyer, H. W., 295, 296, 297. 
 
 Meyer, Henry C, 172, 194. 
 
 Meyer, F., & Brothers, 318. 
 
 Michaelis, Richard, 387. 
 
 Michaud, D., 130. 
 
 Michie, H. D., 281. 
 
 Michigan papers, 119—124. 
 
 Middle States papers, miscellaneous, 
 498, 500. See also the several states. 
 
 Middlebury (Vt.) papers, 278. 
 
 Middleton (Wis.) papers, 379. 
 
 Middletown (Conn.) papers, 15. 
 
 Middletown (N. T.) papers, 161. 
 
 Mifflin & Parry, 252. 
 
 Milan (Italy) papers, 478. 
 
 Milburn, J. M., 234. 
 
 Miles, John F., 298. 
 
 "Miles O'Reilly." See H. G. Halplne. 
 
 Milford (Mass.) papers, 114. 
 
 Military papers, 19, 184, 185, 208, 279. 
 See also Army and Navy. 
 
 Milke, Friedrich, 242. 
 
 Millar, F. W., 461. 
 
 Millard. See Hill & Millard. 
 
 Millard, A. B., 295. 
 
 Millard Brothers, 295. 
 
 Milledgeville (Ga.) papers, 28, 29. 
 
 Miller. See Ake & Miller; also Hoff- 
 man, Miller & Co., Lowry & Miller, 
 and Malone & Miller. 
 
 Miller, A. P., 215. 
 
 Miller, Charles, 432. 
 
 Miller, Charles R., 199. 
 
 Miller, Charles W., 220. 
 
 Miller, E., 333, 407. 
 
 Miller, Frank W., 146. 
 
 Miller, George L., 422, 438. 
 
 Miller, H. L., 352. " 
 
 Miller, Hans, 142. 
 
 Miller, Hugo, 242. 
 
 Miller, John, 265, 267. 
 
 Miller, John Jr., 267. 
 
 Miller, Joseph Dana, 195. 
 
 Miller, L. E., 202. 
 
 Miller, Mark, 341, 363, 426. 
 
 Miller, Owen, 138. 
 
 Miller & Schroeder, 452. 
 
 Millers' papers, 125, 127, 352, 397. 
 
 "Millerltes." See Adventista. 
 
 Mills, Benjamin, 54. • 
 
 Mills, Ephraim, 277. 
 
 Mills, Flavius J., 377, 402, 421, 436, 
 437, 460. 
 
 Mills, George O., 460. 
 
 Mills, H. E., 379. 
 
 Mills, James, 226. 
 
 Mills, Nathaniel, 104. 
 
 Mills, Ogden, 200. 
 
 Mills, Samuel, 277. 
 
 Mills, Simeon, 358. 
 
 Mills, Thomas, 277. 
 
 Mills, Walter T., 291. 
 
 Mills & Brown, 141. 
 
 Milne, — , 468. 
 
 Milton (Wis.) papers, 379. 
 
 Milwaukee (Wis.) papers, 31, 34, 342, 
 365, 379-400. 
 
 Milwaukee & Rock River Canal, adver- 
 tised, 380. 
 
 Mineral Point (Wis.) papers, 400. 
 
 Miner, Charles, 261. 
 
 Miner, Henry A., 360, 365. 
 
 Miner, Lewis H., 58. 
 
 Miner, William B., 356. 
 
 Mining papers, 2, 9, 11, 12, 54, 55, 
 62, 123, 124, 138, 141, 173, 180, 
 185, 192, 225, 230, 304, 305, 326, 
 340, 387, 389, 391, 418. 
 
 Ming, Alexander, 185, 201. 
 
 Minneapolis (Minn.) papers, 124-129, 
 195, 341, 364. 
 
 Minnesota papers, 66, 124-133, 499; 
 land scheme, 199. 
 
 Minns. See Young & Minns. 
 
 Minocqua (Wis.) papers, 401. 
 
 Minor, D. K., 173, 191. 
 
 Minor, Lucian, 281. 
 
 Minor, M. J., 316. 
 
 Minor, Theron, 451. 
 
 Minor & Schaeffer, 191. 
 
 Missionary papers, 6, 16, 89, 93, 95, 97, 
 99, 101, 102, 122, 129, 138, 178, 179, 
 185, 196, 203, 242, 250, 257, 258, 298, 
 303, 324, 351, 360, 411, 473, 490. 
 See also the several denominations. 
 
 Mississippi papers, 133. 
 
 Missouri papers, 133-140, 498, 499. 
 
 Mitchell, Bess, 189. 
 
 Mitchell, Donald G., 177. 
 
 Mitchell, Edward P., 198. 
 
 Mitchell, Henry A., 15. 
 
 Mitchell, Isaac, 150. 
 
 Mitchell, John, 343. 
 
 Mitchell, L. H., 198. 
 
 Mitchell, Martin, 412. 
 
 Mitchell, Ormsby M., 220. 
 
 Mitchell, R. C, 124, 445. 
 
 [556] 
 
Inde? 
 
 Mitchell, W. H., 401, 458. 
 
 Moak, Justus T., 452. 
 
 Mobile (Ala.) papers, 1. 
 
 Mop, E. S., 358. 
 
 Moeschler, William, 348. 
 
 Moffat, Robert, 208. 
 
 Moffat, W. F., 359. 
 
 Moffett, Edward A., 165. 
 
 Mohr, J. G., 335. 
 
 Moline (III.) papers, 33, 56. 
 
 Monohan, J. G., 315, 316. 
 
 Mondorl (Wis.) papers, 401. 
 
 Mondschen, I., 217. 
 
 Monetary Reform papers, 48. 
 
 Monmouth (N. J.) papers, 147. 
 
 Monroe, Isaac, 85. 
 
 Monroe, W. S., 458. 
 
 Monroe (N. Y.) papers, 161. 
 
 Monroe (Wis.) papers, 293, 382, 383, 
 
 401-103. 
 Monrovia (Liberia) papers, 478. 
 Montana papers, 140, 141. 
 Montague, E. J., 31. 
 Montanye, L. V., 379. 
 Monteflore, J. H., 299, 462. 
 Montello (Wis.) papers, 403. 
 Monterey (Cal.) papers, 56. 
 Montford (Wis.) papers, 356, 403. 
 Montgomery, Anne, 244. 
 Montgomery, Frank C, 291. 
 Montgomery, Milton, 441. 
 Montgomery, Richard B., 380. 
 Montgomery (Ala.) papers, 1, 271. 
 Montpeller (Vt.) papers, 278. 
 Montreal (Que.) papers, 468. 
 Moody, J. L., 433. 
 Moody, Nelson B., 307, 422. 
 Moody & Bailey, 430. 
 Moon, O. B., 320. 
 Moore. See Barnes A Moore. 
 Moore, A., 36, 415. 
 Moore, D. D. T., 186. 
 Moore, F. A., 349, 350. 
 Moore, Francis, 275. 
 Moore, Frank A., 430. 
 Moore, George P., 130. 
 Moore, Henry, 27. 
 Moore, J. C, 417. 
 Moore, James W., 452. 
 Moore, Xj. D., 92. 
 Moore, N. D., 387. 
 Moore, Phil, 268. 
 Moore, W. M., 211. 
 Moore, W. S., 261. 
 Moore, W. W., 84. 
 Moore, William, 313 
 Moore, Willis S., 398. 
 Moran, Charles, 151. 
 
 Moran, John, 452. 
 
 Moran, Selby A., 119. 
 
 Moran, Wesley, 348. 
 
 More, Paul Elmer, 186. 
 
 Morehouse, Dickinson B., 54. 
 
 Morehouse, Edgar P., 376. 
 
 Morehouse, Frederic G, 41. 
 
 Morey, G. F., 112. 
 
 Morford, Edmund, 263, 266. 
 
 Morford, N. A., 3. 
 
 Morgan, E. A., 297. 
 
 Morgan, Emily M., 173. 
 
 Morgan, Ephraim, 217, 222. 
 
 Morgan, F. F., 297, 315, 377. 
 
 Morgan, H. D., 410, 411. 
 
 Morgan, T. S., 303. 
 
 Morgan, Thomas J., 48. 
 
 Morgan, William, 154. 
 
 Morley, E. B., 375, 414. 
 
 Morley, Frederick, 120. 
 
 Morley, Hiram, 412-414. 
 
 Mormon papers, 229, 276, 450. 
 
 Morwitz. See Cole & Morwitz. 
 
 Morrill, Henry C, 401. 
 
 Morris, Buckner S., 32. 
 
 Morris, C. E., 436. 
 
 Morris, Edmund, 241. 
 
 Morris, Rev. George, 9. 
 
 Morris, George P., 178, 185, 196. 
 
 Morris, Howard, 370. 
 
 Morris, J., 229. 
 
 Morris, John M., 20. 
 
 Morris, M. P., 315. 
 
 Morris, Mar, 12. 
 
 Morris, Robert, 75, 241. 
 
 Morris, T. A., 215. 
 
 Morris, Mrs. W. A. P., 501. 
 
 Morris, W. E., 234. 
 
 Morris & Ely, 234. 
 
 Morris Island (S. C.) papers, 267. 
 
 Morrisania (N. Y.) papers, 162. 
 
 Morrison, — , 373. 
 
 Morrison, I. L., 319. 
 
 Morrison, W. H., 362. 
 
 Morrison & Hodden, 319. 
 
 Morrlssey, Maurice, 317. 
 
 Morrow, D. M., 362. 
 
 Morrow, G. E., 47, 302. 
 
 Morrow, J. F., 441. 
 
 Morrow, IT. G., 36. 
 
 Morsbach, — , 320. 
 
 Morse. See Williams, Morse & Co. 
 
 Morse, Abner, 433. 
 
 Morse, Amy K., 368. 
 
 Morse, C. R., 324, 433. 
 
 Morse, Charles M., 309. 
 
 Morse, L. L., 120. 
 
 Morse, R. L., 432. 
 
 [557] 
 
Index 
 
 Morse, S. Gordon, 439. 
 
 Morse, Sidney E., 104, 187. 
 
 Morse, William B., 110. 
 
 Morse & Dunbar, 432. 
 
 Mortensen & Crook, 37. 
 
 Mortenson, Nathan, 446. 
 
 Morton, J. W. Jr., 242. 
 
 Morton, J. Sterling, 142. 
 
 Morton, James F. Jr., 290. 
 
 Morton, Mandred, 266. 
 
 Morton, Perez, 91. 
 
 Morton, T. C, 288. 
 
 Morton & Horner, 190. 
 
 Moseley, Alexander, 281, 287. 
 
 Mosely, James E., 365. 
 
 Moser, C, 294. 
 
 Moses, Adolph, 34. 
 
 Mosley, J. H. F., 1. 
 
 Moss, Frank A., 270. 
 
 Moss, Robert, 82. 
 
 Mostler, Gustave, 136. 
 
 Most, Johann, 175. 
 
 Mother Goose's Melodies, published, 
 
 103. 
 Mott, Gabriel F., 1. 
 Mott, Jacob S., 186. 
 Mott Haven (N. T.) papers, 162. 
 Mouat, Peter J., 341, 343. 
 Moulton, E. C, 293. 
 Moulton, George D., 446. 
 Moulton, O. D., 402. 
 Mount Horeb (Wis.) papers, 403. 
 Mount Morris (111.) papers, 56. 
 Mount Pleasant (Ohio) papers, 230. 
 Mount Vernon (Iowa) papers, 66. 
 Mount Vernon (Ohio) papers, 230. 
 Mountain View (Cal.) papers, 6. 
 Mowbray, C. W., 104. 
 Mower, S. C, 397. 
 Mowry, Duane, 463. 
 Moyer. See Armstrong & Moyer. 
 Muehlberg, H., 434. 
 Mudge, Calvin M., 41. 
 Mudge, S. E., 206. 
 Muffley, Albert, 308. 
 Miiller, Paul F., 331. 
 Mumford, John M., 197. 
 Munich (Germany) papers, 476. 
 Municipal papers, 11, 235. 
 Municipal Reform papers, 42, 137, 168, 
 
 365. 
 Munford, Thomas J., 90. 
 Munn, Charles Alden, 194. 
 Munn, Orson Desaix, 194. 
 Munn & Co., 183. 
 Munro, P. S. M., 220. 
 Munroe. See Oliver & Munroe. 
 Munroe, C, 330. 
 
 Munroe, Isaac, 103. 
 
 Munroe, William, 330. 
 
 Munroe & Francis, 105. 
 
 Munsell, Joel, 152. 
 
 Munsey, Frank A., 25, 98. 
 
 Munson, O. G., 429, 430, 449. 
 
 Murphy, — , 298. 
 
 Murphy, Henry C, 155. 
 
 Murphy, J. T., 447. 
 
 Murphy, Jere C, 373. 
 
 Murphy, John L., 149. 
 
 Murphy, M. A., 104. 
 
 Murphy, W. J., 128. 
 
 Murray, John, 4. 
 
 Murray, Orson S., 277. 
 
 Murray, W. H. H., 97. 
 
 Murrish, John, geologist, 319. 
 
 Murtagh, W. J., 24. 
 
 Murtha, John, 459. 
 
 Muscatine (Iowa) papers, 67. 
 
 Muscoda (Wis.) papers, 404. 
 
 Musgrave, Philip, 95. 
 
 Musical papers, 138, 186, 487. See also 
 
 Literary. 
 Mussaus, H., 435. 
 Mutch, W. J., 370. 
 Mutchmore, S. A., 253. 
 Mycall, John, 114. 
 Myer. See Deare & Myer. 
 Myers, B. F., 239. 
 Myers, H. A., 424. 
 Myers, J. G. L., 61. 
 Myers, J. M., 425. 
 Myers, John F., 386. 
 Myers & Mack, 226. 
 Mygatt, Wallace, 439, 440. 
 Myrick, Harry P., 386, 395. 
 Myrland, A. J., 334. 
 Mystic Workers, organ, 54. 
 
 Nagle, John, 371. 
 
 Nagler & Rasmussen, 439. 
 
 Nancrede, J., 93. 
 
 Nantes (France) papers, 473. 
 
 Narrows Prairie (Wis.) history, 428. 
 
 Nash, Alanson, 178. 
 
 Nash, W. F., & Son, 449. 
 
 Nashee, George, 215. 
 
 Nashotah (Wis.) papers, 404. 
 
 Nashville (Tenn.) papers, 74, 272, 273. 
 
 Nast, Charles, 131. 
 
 Natal. See South Africa. 
 
 National Association of Letter Carriers, 
 
 organ, 23. 
 National Christian Citizenship League, 
 
 organ, 48. 
 National Civic Federation, organ, 168. 
 National Liberal League, organ, 183. 
 
 558] 
 
Index 
 
 Nauvoo (111.) papers, 56. 
 
 Navarino (Wis.). See Green Bay. 
 
 Navy papers. See Army and Navy. 
 
 Neal, John, 85, 165, 187. 
 
 Neal, Joseph C, 252. 
 
 Nebagamon (Wis.). See Lake Nebag- 
 
 amon. 
 Neble, Sophlus P., 142. 
 Nebraska papers, 141-143. 
 Nebraska City (Nebr.) papers, 142. 
 Necedah (Wis.) papers, 404. 
 Nedrey, Sam de, 25. 
 Neely, Rev. Thomas B., 168, 216. 
 Neenah (Wis.) papers, 404, 405. 
 Negrln, J. J., 188. 
 Negro papers, 2, 380, 393 ; papers in 
 
 interests of, 21. 
 Neilson, Joseph, 204. 
 Neillsville (Wis.) papers, 313, 405, 406. 
 Nekoosa (Wis.) papers, 406. 
 Nelson, Antbon, 316. 
 Nelson, B. F., 213. 
 Nelson, Charles, 296. 
 Nelson, Henry A., 243. 
 Nelson, Henry Loomis, 177. 
 Nelson, M„ 236. 
 Nelson, M. O., 367. 
 Nelson, N. M., 455, 462. 
 Nelson, N. O., 139. 
 Nelson, P. B., 427. 
 Nelson, William, 276, 353, 449. 
 Nelson & North, 365. 
 Neosho (Wis.) papers, 406. 
 Nesblt, S. H., 258. 
 Nethercut, John E., 354. 
 Netherlands. See Dutch. 
 Nettesheim, C. C, 325. 
 Nettleton, A. B., 129. 
 Neu, William J., 314. 
 Neuman, K„ 390. 
 Nevada papers, 143. 
 Nevada (Cal.) papers, 6. 
 Neville, Morgan, 259. 
 Nevins, Alexander, 350, 351. 
 Nevins, John H„ 330, 335. 
 Nevitt, Charles R., 412, 413. 
 New, John C, 61. 
 New, Harry S., 61. 
 New Bedford (Mass.) papers, 114. 
 New Brunswick (N. J.) papers, 147. 
 New Echota (Ga.) papers, 29. 
 New England papers, miscellaneous, 498 
 
 See also the several states. 
 New Granada papers, 499. 
 New Hampshire papers, 143-146. 
 New Harmony (Ind.) papers, 63. 
 New Haven (Conn.) papers, 15, 16. 
 New Jersey papers, 146-149. 
 
 New Kirk (Okla.) papers, 235. 
 
 New Lisbon (Ohio) papers, 230. 
 
 New Lisbon (Wis.) papers, 407. 
 
 New London (Conn.) papers, 17. 
 
 New London (Wis.) papers, 407, 408. 
 
 New Mexico papers, 149, 150. 
 
 New Orleans (La.) papers, 76-79, 498. 
 
 New Richmond (Ohio) papers, 230. 
 
 New Richmond (Wis.) papers, 338, 408. 
 
 New York, papers, 150-210; prison, 174; 
 
 reformatory, 158. 
 New York (City) papers, 13, 19, 158, 
 
 162-204, 382, 498. 
 New Zealand papers, 479. 
 Newald, E., 120. 
 
 Newark (N. J.) papers, 13, 147, 148. 
 Newburyport (Mass.) papers, 104, 114. 
 Newcastle (Pa.) papers, 240. 
 Newcomb, E. B., 416. 
 Newcomb, Harvey, 109. 
 Newcomb & Adams, 30. 
 Newell, E. R., 17. 
 Newell, W. H., 235. 
 Newell, William, 181. 
 Newfleld (Conn.) papers, 17. 
 Newland, Francis W., 448. 
 Newman, A. W., 448. 
 Newman, J. P., 76. 
 Newman, Lena V., 308. 
 Newman. Thomas E., 46. 
 Newport (Eng.) papers, 496. 
 Newport (R. I.) papers, 262. 
 Newport (Wis.). See Kilbourn City. 
 Newton, — , 14. 
 Newton, — , 126. 
 Newton, S. S., 419. 
 Niagara (Ont.) papers, 469. 
 
 Nicholas, — , 76. 
 
 Nichols, Curtis C. 94. 
 
 Nichols, F. S., 271. 
 
 Nichols, William, 90. 
 
 Nichols & Rowe, 12. 
 
 Nicholson, Mrs. E. J., 77. 
 
 Nicholson, J. H, 343. 
 
 Nicholson, John W., 280. 
 
 Nicholson & Co., 77. 
 
 Nicolay, John G., 46. 
 
 Nicolson, — , 285. 286. 
 
 Nicolson. See Dixon & Nicolson. 
 
 Nieman, L. W., 389. 
 
 Niles, Judge — . 31. 
 
 Niles, Hezekiah, 85, 285. 
 
 Niles, John M., 15. 
 
 Niles, W. H., 15. 
 
 Niles (Mich.) papers, 123. 
 
 Nilsen, Martin, 155. 
 
 Nimock, Charles, 121. 
 
 Nimock, W. A., 121. 
 
 [559] 
 
Ind 
 
 ex 
 
 Nimocks, W. R., 352. 
 Nimocks, Walter, 438. 
 Nimocks, Walter L., 126. 
 Nlninger (Minn.) papers, 129. 
 Nlnman, Max H., 434. 
 Ninman, T. C, 428. 
 Nlsson, Dr. Victor, 127. 
 Nixon, J. O., 77. 
 Nixon, O. W., 39. 
 Nixon, William Penn, 39. 
 Noah, M. M., 162, 198, 203. 
 Noble, P. A., 32. 
 Noble, E. K., 18. 
 Nolan, D. C, 210. 
 Nolan, Dr. D. W., 382. 
 Nommensen, B. P., 385. 
 
 Noon, Eev. Alfred, 10. 
 
 Noonan, Josiah A., 38, 361, 380, 384. 
 
 Nordeek, Charles B., 209. 
 
 Norfolk (Va.) papers, 283, 284. 
 
 Norman. See Stavnheim & Norman. 
 
 Norrls, A. O., 452. 
 
 Norris, G. W., 452, 453. 
 
 Norris, William L., 452. 
 
 North. See Nelson & North. 
 
 North, D. W., 367. 
 
 North Carolina papers, 211. 
 
 North Crandon (Wis.) papers, 409. 
 
 North Dakota papers, 212, 499. 
 
 North La Crosse (Wis.) papers, 352. 
 See also La Crosse. 
 
 Northampton (Eng.) papers, 496. 
 
 Northampton (Mass.) papers, 114, 115. 
 
 Northeast boundary, dispute, 80. 
 
 Northrop, E. B., 384, 391, 442, 443. 
 
 Northrop, M. E., 378. 
 
 Northrnp, Cyrus, 16. 
 
 Northrup, L. L., 373. 
 
 Norton, Benjamin H., 14, 15. 
 
 Norton, Charles B., 187. 
 
 Norton, P. L., 427. 
 
 Norton, ■ Horace, 308, 420. 
 
 Norton, S. S., 179. 
 
 Norton, Thomas S., 374, 441. 
 
 Norton, William N., 12. 
 
 Norvell, Caleb C, 199, 272. 
 
 Norvell, John, 241, 248. 
 
 Norwalk (Conn.) papers, 17. 
 
 Norway papers, 479. See also Scandi- 
 navian. 
 
 Norway (Maine) papers, 80. 
 
 Norway (Wis.) papers, 409. 
 
 Norwegian papers. See Scandinavian. 
 
 Norwich (Conn.) papers, 17. 
 
 Nottingham, S. S. Jr., 284. 
 
 Notz, E. A, 385. 
 
 Nourse, John, 91. 
 
 Novelius, Dr. E., 37, 55. 
 
 Nowlan, Burton P., 342. 
 
 Nowatney, C. E., 417. 
 
 Noyes, Adelbert C, 330. 
 
 Noyes, D. E, 299, 300. 
 
 Noyes, Frank B., 46. 
 
 Noyes, Prank E., 372, 373. 
 
 Noyes, H. A., 279. 
 
 Noyes, J. E., 337, 357. 
 
 Noyes, J. H., 279. 
 
 Noyes, Luther B., 372, 435, 440. 
 
 Noyes, S., 300. 
 
 Noyes, W. H., 357, 368. 
 
 Noyes, W. W., 420. 
 
 Noyes, Walter, 299. 
 
 Noyes & Le Eoy, 373. 
 
 Noyes & Bobbins, 82. 
 
 Nullification, advocated, 266. 
 
 Nunn, Charles, 429. 
 
 Nutt, Charles, 118. 
 
 Nye. See Hollenbeck & Nye. 
 
 Nye, H. E., 221. 
 
 Nye, S., 272, 273. 
 
 Oakland (Cal.) papers, 6, 195. 
 
 Oates, Titus, plot, 491. 
 
 Oberlin (Ohio) papers, 231. 
 
 Oberlin College faculty, 231. 
 
 Oberly, John H., 144. 
 
 O'Brien, E. T., 345. 
 
 O'Brien, Gus, 414. 
 
 O'Brien, P., 306, 320. 
 
 Ochs, Adolph S., 199, 269. 
 
 O'Conner, Thomas, 195. 
 
 O'Connor, D. W., 151. 
 
 Oconomowoc (Wis.) papers, 409, 410. 
 
 Oconto (Wis.) papers, 327, 410. 
 
 Oconto Palls (Wis.) papers, 411. 
 
 Odalskl, Z. J., 35. 
 
 Odd Fellows' papers, 352, 392. See 
 
 also Masonic. 
 O'Dea, Thomas, 165. 
 Odell, Emery A., 403. 
 Odell, J. W., 401. 
 Odessa (Eussia) papers, 499. 
 O'Donnell, Hugh E., 444. 
 O'Donoghue, John J. W., 34. 
 O'Dowd, Bernard, 466. 
 Offenbach (Germany) papers, 477. 
 Oftelle, John, 443. 
 
 Ogden. See Sturdevant, Ogden & Ware. 
 Ogden, C. S., 455. 
 Ogden, Charles W., 295. 
 Ogden, P. E., 375. 
 Ogden, J. E, 306. 
 Ogden, John A, 295, 375, 408, 450. 
 Ogden, Eollo, 190. 
 Ogdensburg (Wis.) papers, 360. 
 
 [560] 
 
Index 
 
 Ogilvie, Robert B., 362. 
 
 Oglesby, D., 36. 
 
 Ohio papers, 212-234, 277, 498. 
 
 Oil Workers' papers, 226. 
 
 Oklahoma papers, 235. 
 
 Oklahoma City (Okla.) papers, 235. 
 
 Olafsson, Jon, 49, 366. 
 
 Olalla (Wash.) papers, 290. 
 
 Olathe (Kans.) papers, 70. 
 
 "Old Wisdom. 1 ' See John Bradford. 
 
 Olean (N. T.). See Hamilton. 
 
 Olcott, L. Q., 328. 
 
 Olin, C. C, 386, 453, 454. 
 
 Olin, Helen R., 368. 
 
 Oliver, George T., 258. 
 
 Oliver, J. W., 456. 
 
 Oliver, R. H., 456. 
 
 "Oliver Oldschool." See Joseph Dennle. 
 
 Oliver & Munroe, 106. 
 
 Olmstead, David A., 131. 
 
 Olmstead, J. W., 108. 
 
 Olmstead, T. G., 371. 
 
 Olmsted, George F., 14. 
 
 Olmsted, P. H., 225. 
 
 Olson, G. A., 334. 
 
 Olson, Ole B., 322, 341, 373. 
 
 Olympia (Wash.) papers, 290. 
 
 Omaha (Nebr.) papers, 127, 142, 143, 
 
 382. 
 Omro (Wis.) papers, 411. 
 Oneida (N. Y.) papers, 204. 
 Oneida (Wis.) papers, 411. 
 Oneida community, organ, 19. 
 ODeida Indians, papers for, 411. 
 O'Neill, Daniel, 258. 
 O'Neill, Eugene, 258. 
 O'Neill, J. F., 411. 
 O'Neill, John M„ 11. 
 Ontonagon (Mich.) papers, 123. 
 Oppedale, H. O., 43. 
 Oppliger, G. C, 331. 
 Oram, James, 186. 
 Orban, F. W., 381, 382. 
 Ordway, George, 54. 
 Oregon papers, 235, 236, 498. 
 Oregon (Wis.) papers, 411. 
 Oregon City (Oregon) papers, 235. 
 Oriental papers, 9. See also Chinese 
 
 and Japanese. 
 • Orlando, Nicholas, 145. 
 Orme, R. M., 29. 
 Ormsbee. See Yeager & Ormsbee. 
 Ormsbee, Edgar L., 279. 
 Oronhyatekha, Dr. — , 369, 388. 
 O'Rourke, J., 395. 
 Orrock, John M., 87. 
 Orton, C. H., 392. 
 Orvis, John, 240. 
 
 Orvis, Lloyd M., 327. 
 
 O'Ryan, Michael, 387. 
 
 Osborn, Charles, 230. 
 
 Osborn, Chase S., 326, 391. 
 
 Osborn, Joseph H., 368, 414. 
 
 Osborn, N. G., 16. 
 
 Osborn, Silleck, 15. 
 
 Osborne, G. P., 216. 
 
 Osborne, George Jerry, 146. 
 
 Osborne, H. Z., 4. 
 
 Osborne & Cleveland, 4. 
 
 Osceola (Wis.) papers, 411, 412. 
 
 Osgood, C. W., 293. 
 
 Osgood, James, 450. 
 
 Osgood, James R., 88, 94. 
 
 Oshkosh, Indian chief, 414. 
 
 Oshkosh (Wis.) papers, 412-415. 
 
 Oskaloosa (Iowa) papers, 67. 
 
 Oslovsky, Karel P., 427. 
 
 Osseo (Wis.) papers, 415. 
 
 Ostedal, Sven, 126. 
 
 Osterman, George, 416. 
 
 Ostrander. See Perkins, McBride St 
 
 Ostrander. 
 Ostrander, Amasa, 352. 
 Oswald, Eleazer, 247. 
 Oswego (N. Y.) papers, 204. 
 Otis, Edmund R., 339, 400. 
 Otis, G. H., 401. 
 Otis, Harrison Gray, 5. 
 Ott, Christian, 394. 
 Ottawa (111.) papers, 56. 
 Outhwaite, Edward, 311. 
 Overbeck, H. Jr., 293. 
 Overton, Samuel, 74. 
 Oviatt, F. C, 38. 
 Oviatt, Mrs. T. C, 379. 
 Oviatt, W. C, 310, 379. 
 Owatonna (Minn.) papers, 129. 
 Owen, A. E., 333, 354. 
 Owen, Dale, 333, 354. 
 Owen, Robert Dale, 63, 175. 
 Owen, S. M., 126. 
 Owen Sound (Ont.) papers, 469. 
 Owens, Charles, 319. 
 Owens, John P., 130,' 131. 
 Orrocki, K., 390. 
 Oxford (Eng.) papers, 487, 496. 
 Oxford (Wis.) papers, 415. 
 Ozark (Mo.) papers, 135. 
 
 Pack, Henry, 286. 
 Packard, C. C, 233. 
 Packer, William F., 239. 
 Paddock, Ida V., 340. 
 Paducah (Ky.) papers, 75. 
 Page. See Warehlme & Page. 
 Page, H. K., 300. 
 
 36— N. C. 
 
 [561] 
 
Index 
 
 Page, Harlan M., 364, 417. 
 
 Page, Walter H., 204. 
 
 Paige, Franklin E., 246. 
 
 Paignton (Eng.) papers, 496. 
 
 Paine, A., 304. 
 
 Paine, Cassius M., 399. 
 
 Paine', Seth, 264. 
 
 Paine, Thomas, 102. 
 
 Painters' papers, 62, 188. 
 
 Palfrey, Warwick, 115. 
 
 Palm, Andrew J., 180. 
 
 Palme, Charles J., 361, 388. 
 
 Palmer, A. C, 329. 
 
 Palmer, A. E., 403. 
 
 Palmer, Frank W., 39. 
 
 Palmer, George, 55. 
 
 Palmer, George W., 55. 
 
 Palmer, Groye E., 409. 
 
 Palmer, J. E., 275. 
 
 Palmer, Dr. Joseph, 107. 
 
 Palmer, Eodman, 321. 
 
 Palmer, Thomas, 217. 
 
 Palmer, W. F., 303. 
 
 Palmer, W. G., 308. 
 
 Palmer, William T., 250. 
 
 Palmyra (Wis.) papers, 415. 
 
 Pampusch, Frank, 220. 
 
 Pangburn, H. H., 151. 
 
 Papeete (Tahiti) papers, 499. 
 
 Paper Makers' papers, 188, 210. 
 
 Pardeeville (Wis.) papers, 415. 
 
 Paret, Bishop William, 82. 
 
 Paris (France) papers, 473-475. 
 
 Parish, C. E., 443. 
 
 Parish, William E., 422. 
 
 Park, Gilbert L., 443. 
 
 Park, John, 104, 105. 
 
 Park, M. T., 323. 
 
 Park, Milton, 274. 
 
 Park, W. H., 390, 392. 
 
 Parke, Benjamin, 239. 
 
 Parker, A. A., 356. 
 
 Parker, B. F., 369, 388. 
 
 Parker, C. Harrison, 77. 
 
 Parker, Charles H., 129. 
 
 Parker, E. E., & Son, 302. 
 
 Parker, Grace M., 374. 
 
 Parker, George W., 431, 432. 
 
 Parker, Henry G., 96. 
 
 Parker, James, 176, 190. 
 
 Parker, John, 374. 
 
 Parker, M. E., 111. 
 
 Parker, M. S., 324, 329, 374. 
 
 Parker, M. T., 293, 323. 
 
 Parker, M. W., 318, 405. 
 
 Parker, Oscar W., 374, 463. 
 
 Parker, Samuel S., 31, 106. 
 
 Parker, Wilber F., 18. 
 
 Parker, Willard W., 365. 
 
 Parker Brothers, 18. 
 
 Parkersburg (W. Va.) papers, 292. 
 
 Parkhurst, Charles, 109. 
 
 Parkhurst, James A., 313. 
 
 Parkinson, A. C, 314, 360. 
 
 Parkinson, J. B., 360, 369. 
 
 Parkland (Wash.) papers 290. 
 
 Parks, William, 288. 
 
 Parr, Thomas W., 319. 
 
 Parry, Sir William E., expedition, 491. 
 
 Parry. See Mifflin & Parry. 
 
 Parsons, Albert E., 32, 37. 
 
 Parsons, David, 447. 
 
 Parsons, Eev. E. L., 8. 
 
 Parsons, Ellen C, 203. 
 
 Parsons, H. G., 462. 
 
 Parsons, J. A., 306. 
 
 Parsons, James G., 45. 
 
 Parsons, Lucy E., 41. 
 
 Parsons, Theophilus, 95. 
 
 Partridge, A. J., 308. 
 
 Paryski, A. A., 390. 
 
 Pasadena (Cal.) papers, 7. 
 
 Paschall, S. Edward, 261. 
 
 Passage, W. T., 317. 
 
 Patehen, George M., 375, 378, 408, 428. 
 
 Patchen, M. B., 408. 
 
 Paterson, A. D., 163. 
 
 Paterson (N. J.) papers, 32, 148, 149. 
 
 "Patent Insides," first used, 300. 
 
 Patents, papers concerning, 188, 189. 
 
 Patriotic societies' papers, 196, 242, 
 
 Patrons of Husbandry, organs, 332, 405. 
 
 Patten, J. E., 439. 
 
 Patten, Nathaniel Jr., 75. 
 
 Patter, — , 144. 
 
 Patter, George, 484. 
 
 Pattern Makers' papers, 103, 188, 219. 
 
 Patterson, Charles G., 321, 331. 
 
 Patterson, J. Bradley, 179. 
 
 Patterson, E. W., 50. 
 
 Patterson, Prof. Eobert M., 281. 
 
 Patterson, S. D., 241. 
 
 Patterson, Col. Samuel D., 252. 
 
 Patterson, Thomas A., 12. 
 
 Pattison; George W., 122. 
 
 Patton, Eev. A. S., 90. 
 
 Patton, Francis L,., 38. 
 
 Patton, G. J., 402. 
 
 Patton, W. W., 32. 
 
 Paul, Clarence E., 58. 
 
 Paul, E. E., 419. 
 
 Paul, Franc M., 269. 
 
 Paul, George H, 277, 278, 346, 392. 
 
 Paul, N., 394. 
 
 Paulding, Col. E. E., 131. 
 
 Paulding, J. K., 203. 
 
 [562] 
 
Index 
 
 Pauley, — , 335. 
 
 Pauley, Albert B., 308. 
 
 Pauly, F. W. A., 460. 
 
 Pauly, M. A., 460. 
 
 Pavey, — , 461. 
 
 Pawtucket (K. I.) papers, 262. 
 
 Payne, E. E., 428. 
 
 Payne, J. S., & Sons, 373. 
 
 Payne, Theodore S., 373. 
 
 Payson, Dr. — , 80. 
 
 Peabody & Peabody, 294. 
 
 Peace Societies' papers, 486. 
 
 Peachman, Perd, 299, 429. 
 
 Peacock, Gibson, 242. 
 
 Pearce, Listen H., 208. 
 
 Pearce, W. J., 319. 
 
 Pearson, Charles C, 144. 
 
 Pearson, P. J., 448. 
 
 Pease, P. n., 158. 
 
 Pease, S. A., 403, 415. 
 
 Pease, V. S., 308. 
 
 Peavey, Angenette J., 435. 
 
 Peary, M. D., 297. 298, 319. 
 
 Pechin. See Woodruff & Pechin. 
 
 Peck. See Durrie, Peck & Co. 
 
 Peck, George A., 92. 
 
 Peck, George W., 344, 350, 396. 
 
 Peck, George W. Jr., 396. 
 
 Peck, R. C, 429. 
 
 Peck, William H., 400, 418. 
 
 Peebles, J. M., 197, 224. 
 
 Peet, Ed., 338. 
 
 Peffer, William A., 71. 
 
 Pegg, Samuel J., 136. 
 
 Pelham, C. P., 266. 
 
 Pendleton Court House (S. C.) papers, 
 
 267. 
 Penn, S. Jr., 139. 
 Penn, Shadrach, 136. 
 Penn, Worden P., 139. 
 Penniman, Edward A., 254. 
 Penniman, Reed & Co., 259. 
 Pennington, F. K., 58. 
 Pennington, J. L., 211. 
 Penniston, Francis, 72. 
 Pennsylvania papers, 239-262, 500. 
 "Pennsylvania Farmer." See John 
 
 Dickenson. 
 Penrice, John, 76. 
 Penrose, C. H., 276. 
 Penrose, Charles W., 276. 
 Pentecost, Hugh 0„ 200. 
 Peoria (111.) papers, 56. 
 Pepin (Wis.) papers, 416. 
 Pepper, Isaac, 213. 
 Pergoll, A. D., 373, 416. 
 Perham, H. B., 56. 
 Perlam, Jonathan, 44. 
 
 Perkins. See Menefee & Perkins. 
 
 Perkins, C. E., 323. 
 
 Perkins, Edgar A., 62. 
 
 Perkins, Henry A., 300. 
 
 Perkins, Joseph B., 447. 
 
 Perkins, N. O., 303, 304. 
 
 Perkins, McBride & Ostrander. 
 
 Perrey, Gov. B. P., 267. 
 
 Perrin, Frank L., 311. 
 
 Perrin & Smith, 138. 
 
 Perrine, William, 242. 
 
 Perry, B. W., 440. 
 
 Perry, Erastus, 153. 
 
 Perry, J. G., 283. 
 
 Perry, Leslie J., 455. 
 
 Perry, Ralph E., 391. 
 
 Perry, Robert, 407. 
 
 Perry, S. L., 435. 
 
 Perry, W. W., 391. 
 
 Perry, Bishop William S., 64. 
 
 Perry Brothers, 435. 
 
 Perry (N. T.) papers, 204. 
 
 Person, D. Van Ness, 43. 
 
 Peruvian papers, 479, 480. 
 
 Peshtigo (Wis.) papers, 416. 
 
 "Peter Porcupine." See William Cob- 
 
 bett. 
 Peters, J. S., 284. 
 Petersburg (Va.) papers, 284. 
 Petersilea, Edwin, 414. 
 Peterson, C. F., 49. 
 Peterson, Charles J., 242, 252. 
 Peterson, Henry, 252. 
 Peterson, Rev. P. W., 342. 
 Petit, Claude, 39. 
 
 'Petroleum V. Nasby." See D. R. Locke. 
 Petterbridge, J. H., 322. 
 Pettit, M. S„ 221. 
 Pettibone, Charles A., 345, 375, 407. 
 Pettibone & Pettibone, 410. 
 Pettingill, Bates & Co., 177. 
 Pewaukee (Wis.) papers, 416. 
 Peyton, Green, 281. 
 Pfaff, F. A., 361. 
 Pflster, Charles F., 395. 
 Phelan, James, 271. 
 Phelps, Alta C, 338. 
 Phelps, C. S., 302. 
 Phelps, H. B., 302. 
 Phelps, Henry W., 309, 338. 
 Phelps, Rev. Sylvanus D., 13. 
 Phelps, W. F., 394. 
 Philadelphia (Pa.), papers, 13, 19, 24, 
 
 35, 113, 240-257, 498, 500; British 
 
 occupy, 240, 262. 
 Philanthropic papers. See Reform. 
 Philippine Islands papers, 464. 
 Philipsburg (Pa.) papers, 257. 
 
 [563] 
 
Index 
 
 Philleo, Dr. Addison, 55. 
 
 Philleo, H. Benton, 333. 
 
 Phillippi, Dr. J. M., 227. 
 
 Phillipps. See Jae'gar & Phillipps. 
 
 Phillips, David L., 58. 
 
 Phillips, James Jr., 190. 
 
 Phillips, Josiah N., 312, 326. 
 
 Phillips, K. M., 434. 
 
 Phillips, Morris, 178. 
 
 Phillips, Nathaniel, 263. 
 
 Phillips, Roland, 177. 
 
 Phillips, Thomas, 377. 
 
 Phillips, Wendell, 163. 
 
 Phillips (Wis.) papers, 416, 417. 
 
 Philomath (Ind.) papers, 221. 
 
 Philosophical papers, 181. 
 
 Phin, John, 198. 
 
 Phinney, J. M., 456. 
 
 Phoenix (Ariz.) papers, 3. 
 
 Phrenologists' papers, 182. 
 
 Piano Makers' papers, 43. 
 
 Piatt, Don, 20. 
 
 Piatt, John James, 218. 
 
 Pickard, Edwin, 429, 438. 
 
 Pickard, H. S., 408. 
 
 Pickard, H. W., 408. 
 
 Pickard, N. C, 335. 
 
 Pickering, David, 262. 
 
 Pickering, G. M., 219. 
 Pickering, Ij., 139. 
 
 Pickett, A. B., 271. 
 Piddock, Bev. C. A., 13. 
 Piedell, A. C, 18. 
 
 Pieper, Antonio, 377. 
 
 Pieper, August, 385. 
 
 Pieper, Carl, 377. 
 
 Pieper, Frank, 377. 
 
 Pieper, William, 395. 
 
 Pierce, B. K., 109. 
 
 Pierce, Charles, 146. 
 
 Pierce, Franklin, supported, 150. 
 
 Pierce, Harry S., 332. 
 
 Pierce, Gilbert A., 39. 
 
 Pierce, N. S., 146. 
 
 Pierce, Solon W., 332. 
 
 Pierce, W., 146. 
 
 Pierce County (Wis.) history, 433. 
 
 Pierce Farm Weeklies, 362. 
 
 Piercy, Henry B., 166. 
 
 Pierpont, H. S., 449. 
 
 Pigg, L. H., 282. 
 
 Pike, Albert, 3, 271. 
 
 Pike, C. E., 413. 
 
 Pike, F. A., 358. 
 
 Pike's Peak, centenial of discovery, 10. 
 
 Piketon (Ohio) papers, 231. 
 
 Pilkington, W. J., 65. 
 
 Pillsbury, C. D., 328, 341. 
 
 Pillsbury, C. T„ 98. 
 Pillsbury, John S., 128. 
 Pillsbury, Parker, 193. 
 Pinckney, Edward C, 84. 
 
 Pinckney, Henry L., 266. 
 
 Pine Eiver (Wis.) papers, 458. 
 
 Pinney, E. E., 207. 
 
 Pinney, George, 444. 
 Pinney, J. B., 169. 
 
 Pinney, J. J., 444. 
 
 Piotrowski, A, 351. 
 
 Pitcher, Herman K., 375, 455. 
 
 Pitt, R. H., 286. 
 
 Pittman, Henry, 280. 
 
 Pittock, H. L., 236. 
 
 Pitts, Perl B., 417. 
 
 Pitts Brothers, 417. 
 
 Pittsburg (Pa.) papers, 47, 257-260. 
 
 Pittsfield (Mass.) papers, 115, 116. 
 
 Pittston (Pa.) papers, 260. 
 
 Pittsville (Wis.) papers, 417. 
 
 Pittsylvania Court House (Va.) papers, 
 282. 
 
 Pixley, Frank M., 7. 
 
 Plainfleld (Wis.) papers, 417. 
 
 Piano (111.) papers, 57. 
 
 Plantz, Samuel, 379. 
 
 Plasterers' papers, 139. 
 
 Piatt, Alonzo, 417, 418. 
 
 Piatt, Isaac, 205. 
 
 Piatt, W. A., 10. 
 
 Platteville (Wis.) papers, 417, 418. 
 
 Plattsburg (N. T.) papers, 205. 
 
 Pleasants, John Hampden, 287. 
 
 Pleasants, Samuel, 284. 
 
 Pleasants & Butler, 287. 
 
 Pleasants & Duval, 287. 
 
 Plon, Henri, 473. 
 
 Plover (Wis.) papers, 418. 
 
 Plowman, Henry, 400. 
 
 Plumb, Charles M., 362. 
 
 Plumb, T. B., 362. 
 
 Plumb, T. D., 453. 
 
 Plumbers' papers, 43, 184. 
 
 Plummer, Cushing & Co., 81. 
 
 Plymouth (Eng.) papers, 496. 
 
 Plymouth (Wis.) papers, 418, 419. 
 
 Poale, — , 180. 
 
 Poe. See Swormated & Poe. 
 
 Poe, Edgar A., 186. 
 
 Poffeuberger, H. P., 54. 
 
 Point Loma (Cal.) papers, 7. 
 
 Poland, Joseph, 278. 
 
 Polish papers, 35, 47, 390. 
 
 Political science papers, 168, 180, 244, 
 490. See also Economists and Mu- 
 nicipal Reform. 
 
 Pollard, Henry Rives, 285. 
 
 [564] 
 
Index 
 
 Pollard, J. C, 384. 
 
 Pollard, James O., 387. 
 
 Pollock, Burne, 356. 
 
 Pollock, Edward, 356. 
 
 Pollock, J. A., 61. 
 
 Pollock, Walter W., 389, 391, 393. 
 
 Polo (111.) papers, 57. 
 
 Pomeroy, Henry, 296. 
 
 Pomeroy, Mark M., 37, 44, 171, 189, 
 
 237, 338, 350, 392. 
 PomeToy, T. M., 114. 
 Pond, J. B., 373. 
 Pontiac (111.) papers, 57. 
 Pool, Haven, 115. 
 Poole, William F., Index to Periodical!, 
 
 187. 
 Poor, Henry, V., 191, 192. 
 Pope, A. J., 236. 
 Pope, Col. Carl C, 501. 
 Pope, John W. E., 266. 
 Poppendleck, John Jr., 395. 
 Populist party papers (D. C), 26; 
 
 (Ga.), 27; (111.), 47, 58; (Kans.), 
 
 71; (Mo.), 140; (Nebr.), 141; (N. 
 
 Dak.), 212 ; (Ohio), 220, 225, 228-230. 
 
 233; (Okla.), 235; (Pa.), 238; (S. 
 
 Dak.), 267; (Wis.), 298, 307, 312, 
 
 319, 337, 366-369, 377, 380, 390, 397. 
 
 402. See also Greenback. 
 Poquette, L. N., 320. 
 Porsh, Richard, 351, 359. 
 Port Royal (S. C.) papers, 267. 
 Port Washington (Wis.) papers, 420, 
 
 421. 
 Portage (Wis.) papers, 419, 420. 
 Porter, A. A., 420. 
 Porter, C. V., 318. 
 Porter, Gov. David R., 260. 
 Porter, F. M., 437. 
 Porter, Gilbert B., 321. 
 Porter, P. E., 82. 
 Porter, Robert P., 190. 
 Porter, Royal L., 107. 
 Porter, Rufus, 194. 
 Porter, T. D., 164. 
 Porter, T. O., 170. 
 Porter, William T., 189. 
 Porter & Coates, 249. 
 Portland (Maine) papers, 80, 81, 108, 
 
 227. * 
 
 Portland (Ore.) papers, 8, 141, 235, 
 
 236. 
 Porto Rico papers, 464. 
 Portsmouth (Eng.) papers, 496. 
 Portsmouth (N. H.) papers, 145, 146, 
 
 229. 
 Portsmouth (Ohio) papers, 231. 
 Post, Alice 1 Thacher, 45. 
 
 Post, Louis F., 45. 
 
 Post, Lyman D., 188. 
 
 Postal clerks' papers, 44, 51. 
 
 Postal Progress League, organ, 190. 
 
 Postlethwaite, H. W., 8. 
 
 Potosi (Wis.) papers, 419. 
 
 Potsdam (N. T.) papers, 205. 
 
 Pott, August W., 436, 437. 
 
 Potter. See Bowron & Potter. 
 
 Potter, A. W., 402. 
 
 Potter, B. S., 459. 
 
 Potter, C. H., 367. 
 
 Potter, Chandler E., 145. 
 
 Potter, Emery D., 232. 
 
 Potter, H. C, 182. 
 
 Potter, H. F., 133. 
 
 Potter, John W., 54. 
 
 Potter, O. T., 54. 
 
 Potter, Paraclete, 205. 
 
 Potter, R. L. D., 458. 
 
 Potter, Waldo M., 65. 
 
 Potter, William J., 98. 
 
 Potters' papers, 149, 228. 
 
 Pottsville (Pa.) papers, 260. 
 
 Poughkeepsie (N. Y.) papers, 180, 205. 
 
 Poulson, Zachariah, 243, 252. 
 
 Pound, J. B., 270. 
 
 Powars, Edward E., 98. 
 
 Powell, Aaron M., 163. 
 
 Powell, L. Winthrop, 309, 444. 
 
 Powell, Locksie, 217. 
 
 Powell, Wallbridge J., 135. 
 
 Powell, Hughes & Co., 264. 
 
 Powell & Steele, 37. 
 
 Power, Nicholas, 205. 
 
 Powers, Clarence L., 459. 
 
 Powers, D. J., 363. 
 
 Powers, J. D., 320. 
 
 Powers, John H., 300, 324, 332, 428. 
 
 Powers, L. L., 19. 
 
 Powers & Willis, 91. 
 
 Powis, R. L. V., 36. 
 
 Poynette (Wis.) papers, 421. 
 
 Pradt, J. B., 364. 
 
 Prague (Aus.) papers, 466. 
 
 Prairie du Chien (Wis.) papers, 355, 
 
 421, 422. 
 Prairie du Sac (Wis.) papers, 422. 
 Prairieville (Wis.) papers, 423. See 
 
 also Waukesha, Wis. 
 Pratt, Alexander F., 453, 454. 
 Pratt, C. J., 330, 384, 389, 396. 
 Pratt, D. Anson, 304. 
 Pratt, E. E., 363. 
 Pratt, F. A., 262. 
 Pratt, F. E., 317. 
 Pratt, Frank H., 424. 
 Pratt, George B., 376. 
 
 [565] 
 
Index 
 
 Pratt, H. P., 130. 
 
 Pratt, Horatio, 304. 
 
 Pratt, Sydney T., 3T1. 
 
 Pratt & Ewald, 325. 
 
 Prattsville (N. Y.) papers, 158. 
 
 Pray, Isaac C. Jr., 103. 
 
 Prentice, George D., 74. 
 
 Prentice & Weissinger, 74, 75. 
 
 Prentice (Wis.) papers, 423. 
 
 Prentis, William, 286. 
 
 Prentiss, Charles, 286. 
 
 Prentiss, John H., 158. 
 
 Prentiss, William, 284. 
 
 Prentiss & Cole, 85. 
 
 Presbyterian papers, 9, 38, 44, 127, 
 140, 157, 179, 185, 187, 214, 220, 
 221, 242, 243, 253, 257-259, 363, 383. 
 
 Presbyterian Church South papers, 286. 
 
 Presbyterians, in West Virginia, 292. 
 
 Prescott, E., 164. 
 
 Prescott, Edward G., 95. 
 
 Prescott, George P., 276. 
 
 Prescott (Wis.) papers, 423, 424. 
 
 Press, first in America, 279. 
 
 Pressmen's papers, 45. 
 
 Preston, — , 278. 
 
 Preston, Otis, 323. 
 
 Preston (Wis.) papers, 424. 
 
 Preus, A. C, 361. 
 
 Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, so- 
 ciety organ, 94. 
 
 Price, Byron J., 339, 431. 
 
 Price, Ellis, 281. 
 
 Price, George G., 424. 
 
 Price, John Jr., 463. 
 
 Price, Philip Jr., 254. 
 
 Price, W. T., 306. 
 
 Pride, P. C, 431. 
 
 Priest, D. B., 440. 
 
 Priest, Daniel V., 449. 
 
 Prime, S. I., 187. 
 
 Prime, William C, 169. 
 
 Prince 1 , Rev. Thomas, 99. 
 
 Princell, J. G., 37. 
 
 Princeton (Mass.) papers, 115. 
 
 Princeton (Wis.) papers, 424. 
 
 Pringle, John D., 259. 
 
 Prink, E. E., 375. 
 
 Printers' papers, 45, 62, 104, 122, 139, 
 143, 171, 190, 200, 220, 242, 256, 
 393. 
 
 Proctor, Charles, 318. 
 
 Proctor, Lewis A., 393, 397. 
 
 Proctor, P. E., 318, 330. 
 
 Progressive Eepublican papers (Wis.), 
 298, 308, 314, 317, 365, 375, 404, 
 419, 444, 455. 
 
 Prohibition papers, (111.), 41, 58; 
 (Ind.), 61; (Nebr.), 142; (N. Dak.), 
 212; (Tenn.), 269; (Wis.), 294, 297, 
 299, 304, 306, 319, 322, 324, 338, 
 341, 359, 365, 367, 378, 383, 415, 
 419, 431, 432. 
 
 Pro-Slavery papers. See Slavery. 
 
 Protestant Episcopal papers (Cal.), 
 8; (Conn.), 13-15; (III.), 34, 41, 
 46, 47; (Iowa), 64; (Md.), 83; 
 (Mass.), 91; (Mo.), 134, 136; (N. 
 Y.), 154, 156, 159, 168, 178, 182, 
 193, 196, 210; (Pa.), 243, 244, 250, 
 259; (Va.), 280, 284; (Wash.), 292; 
 (Wis.), 326, 327, 363, 371, 376, 381- 
 383, 391, 393, 399, 404, 410, 411. 
 
 Proudfit, James K., 358. 
 
 Prout, W. H., 281. 
 
 Prouty, E., 304. 
 
 Prouty, S. S., 71. 
 
 Prouty, Davis & Crane, 71. 
 
 Providence (E. I.) papers, 262, 263, 
 277. 
 
 Prowers County (Colo.) papers, 12. 
 
 Pry or, D. S., 447. 
 
 Pryor, J^ P., 271. 
 
 Pryor, Philip M., 456. 
 
 Public Health papers. See Sanitary. 
 
 Publishers' papers, 174, 191, 249, 250, 
 254. 
 
 Pueblo (Colo.) papers, 12. 
 
 Puetz, M. J., 345. 
 
 Pugh, A., 219. 
 
 Pulaski (N. X.) papers, 205. 
 
 Pulcifer, D. H., 301, 314, 418, 458. 
 
 Pulitzer, Albert, 180. 
 
 Pulitzer, Joseph, 203. 
 
 Pullen, L. T., 325. 
 
 Pulsifer, E. M., 98. 
 
 Punchard, George, 107. 
 
 Purcell, Edward T., 17. 
 
 Purcell, Thomas W., 54. 
 
 Purdie, Alexander, 288, 289. 
 
 Purdy, Edward C, 100, 112, 27». 
 
 Purdy, W. E., 441. 
 
 Purkins, George W., 70. 
 
 Purviance, Col. H A., 261. 
 
 Putnam, C. H., 47. 
 
 Putnam, E. Val, 139. 
 
 Putnam, J. S., 226. 
 
 Putnam, John E., 456. 
 
 Putnam, W. H., 433. 
 
 Putney (Vt.) papers, 278, 279. 
 
 Pyle, J. G., 130. 
 
 Pyle, O. H., 274. 
 
 Quakbk papers, 245, 246. 
 Quebec (Que.) papers, 469. 
 
 [566] 
 
Index 
 
 Qaick, L. W., 56. 
 Qaigg, Lemuel B., 190. 
 Qulmby, G. W., 221. 
 Qulmby, H. B., 428. 
 Qulmby, William B., 120. 
 Qulncy, Edmund, 102, 163. 
 Qulncy (111.) papers, 57. 
 Qulncy (Mass.) papers, 22, 115. 
 Quindaro (Kans.) papers, 70. 
 Quiner, E. B., 363, 451, 452. 
 Qulnn, J. M., 141. 
 Quint as, Jacob, 436. 
 
 Rabenstbin, C, 406. 
 
 Racine (Wis.) papers, 308, 363, 409, 
 424-427. 
 
 Radford, William A., 36. 
 
 Raetb, Valentine, 398. 
 
 Raetzmann, WUhelm, 351. 
 
 Raflnesque, C. S., 218. 
 
 Raguet, Condy, 19, 245, 246. 
 
 Rahn, Gustavo A., 398. 
 
 Railway papers, 9, 12, 46, 55, 56, 61- 
 64, 104, 134, 135, 139, 182, 191- 
 193, 224, 240, 493 ; employees' jour- 
 nals, 61, 134, 136, 139, 157, 158, 
 192, 212. See also Firemen, Engi- 
 neers, Telegraphers, and Street Rail- 
 ways. 
 
 Raleigh (N. C.) papers, 211. 
 
 Ramage & Co., 270. 
 
 Ramsey, A. K., 273. 
 
 Ramsey, Charles G., 137. 
 
 Ramsey, G. F., 338. 
 
 Ramsey, G. T., 454. 
 
 Rand, C. F., 387. 
 
 Rand, George D., 423. 
 
 Randall, A., 131. 
 
 Randall, F. A., 454. 
 
 Randall, John S., 204. 
 
 Randall, Samuel S., 363. 
 
 Randall, Thomas E., 321. 
 
 Randall, Sanford & Co., 55. 
 
 Randolph, Charles C, 3. 
 
 Randolph (Wis.) papers, 427, 428. 
 
 Ranlet, Henry, 144. 
 
 Rann, H. !■., 462. 
 
 Rann, L. H., 462. 
 
 Ransom. See Bombaugh & Ransom. 
 
 Ransom, Albert F., 425. 
 
 Raper A Wolfe, 215. 
 
 Rasmussen. See Nagler & Rasmussen. 
 
 Rassmussen, C, 44, 50, 126, 129. 
 
 Ratcllffe, G. D., 295. 
 
 Ratcllffe, George, 360. 
 
 Ratcllffe & Walte, 313. 
 
 Rath. See Wlttzack & Rath. 
 
 Rathbun, J. C, 401. 
 
 Raught, C E., 345. 
 
 Ravenna (Italy) papers, 478. 
 
 Ravndal, G. Bie, 267. 
 
 Rawson, C. P., 424. 
 
 Ray, Dr C. H., 45, 50, 55. 
 
 Raymer, George W., 360, 370. 
 
 Raymond, Henry J., 199, 200, 203. 
 
 Raymond, J. H., 194. 
 
 Raymond, Rossiter W., 173. 
 
 Read, Caroline W., 348. 
 
 Read, E. M., 352. 
 
 Read, George H., 412. 
 
 Read, George M., 352. 
 
 Read, John M., 348, 371, 405. 
 
 Read, M. C, 223. 
 
 Reade, Charles, 193. 
 
 Reading (Cal.) papers, 7. 
 
 Reading (Pa.) papers, 260. 
 
 Readjuster party (Va.), organ, 287. 
 
 Real Estate papers, 192. 
 
 Reconstruction papers, 4, 27. 
 
 Red River Expedition (1864) described, 
 
 76. 
 Red Wing (Minn.) papers, 129. 
 Redding & Co., 106. 
 Redfleld, C. E., 76, 455, 456. 
 Redfleld, J. B., 455. 
 Redfleld, Luke C, 455, 456. 
 Redpath, James, 68. 
 Redway, George, 440. 
 Redway, R. E., 440. 
 Reed. See Richardson & Reed. 
 Reed. See Sheldon & Reed. 
 Reed, A. J., 329. 
 Reed, Amos, 327. 
 Reed, C. M., 259. 
 Reed, David, 90. 
 Reed, E. N., 349. 
 Reed, George W., 276. 
 Reed, H. W., 377. 
 Reed, Harrison, 358, 361, 364, 395, 
 
 404. 
 Reed, Henry, 20. 
 Reed, Herbert, 363. 
 Reed, J. P., 259. 
 Reed, Mrs. M. A., 355. 
 Reed, Nelson P., 258. 
 Reed, Phil. S., 354. 
 Reed, T. Smith, 179. 
 Reed, W. E., 51. 
 Reed, King & Co., 258, 359. 
 Reed, Wickersham & Co., 252. 
 Reedsburg (Wis.) papers, 351, 428. 
 Rees, Samuel, 142. 
 Reese. See Braye & Reese. 
 Reese, A. E., 339. 
 Reeve, Ezra, 424. 
 Reeves, R. L., 121. 
 
 [567] 
 
Index 
 
 Reform papers In general (Cal.), 8; 
 (Eng.), 493; (111.), 52; (Kans.), 68; 
 (Md.), 86; (Mass.), 94, 98, 102", 115; 
 (N. T.), 162, 166, 179, 181, 188, 192, 
 193, 196; (Ohio), 215, 223; (Pa.), 
 238, 244, 257; (Wis.), 351, 365, 367, 
 435, 436. See also Anti-Slavery, 
 Civil Service, Monetary, Municipal, 
 Single Tax, and Temperance. 
 
 Refsdal, Olaf, 322. 
 
 Rehrig, Charles M., 237. 
 
 Reichart, Edward T., 250. 
 
 Reick, William C, 198. 
 
 Reid, Albert J., 71, 296, 409. 
 
 Reid, Hiram A., 301. 
 
 Reid, John Morrison, 33. 
 
 Reid, T. B., 296, 327, 376, 409, 454. 
 
 Reid, Whitelaw, 200, 217. 
 
 Reifgraber, J. J., 139. 
 
 Reifsteck, A., 355. 
 
 Reilly, Leigh, 44. 
 
 Reinhart, A., 410. 
 
 Reinhart, E. W., 112, 281. 
 
 Reinsch, P. S., 357. 
 
 Relf, Samuel, 246. 
 
 Religious papers, first published, 104, 
 214; in general, 499; (Cal.), 4; 
 (Canada), 468; (Conn.), 14-16; (D. 
 C), 24; (Hawaii), 464; (Holland), 
 477; (111.), 37, 40, 45, 46, 51; (Ky.), 
 75; (Maine), 80, 81; (Mass.), 90, 
 91, 93, 98, 101, 102; (Mich.), 123; 
 (Minn.), 128; (N. Y.), 155, 167, 168, 
 173, 195, 198, 209; (Ohio), 215, 219, 
 227, 233; (Pa.), 242-244, 251; (Vt.), 
 278, 279; (Wis.), 359, 360, 365, 383, 
 397, 405, 412, 425, 431; World's 
 Congress, organ, 51. See also the 
 several denominations. 
 
 Relling, I. T., 43. 
 
 Relph, C. N., 377. 
 
 Remington, — , 402. 
 
 Republican party, organized, 402 ; pa- 
 pers (Cal.), 5, 7; (Colo.), 7; (Conn.), 
 16, 18; (D. C), 24; (111.), 31, 35, 
 39, 44, 46, 49, 50, 57; (Iowa), 64; 
 (Kans.), 67, 71; (La.), 78; (Maine), 
 81; (Md.), 82; (Mass.), 88, 92, 110, 
 117; (Mioh.)j 121, 123; (Minn.), 
 124, 126, 131, 132; (Mo.), 135; (N. 
 H.), 146; (N. Y.), 152, 158, 199, 
 205, 208-210; (N. Dak.), 212; 
 (Ohio), 216, 217, 221, 228, 232; 
 (Oregon), 235, 236; (Pa.), 239, 242, 
 253, 255, 258-261; (Tenn.), 269, 
 270; (Vt.), 277, 279; (Va.), 280, 
 288; (Wash.), 290, 292; (W. Va.), 
 293; (Wis.), 293-321, 324-327, 329- 
 
 334, 336-340, 342-350, 352-354, 
 356, 357, 361, 364, 368, 370-381, 
 386-388, 390, 394, 395, 397, 399, 
 401-429, 431-437, 439-451, 454- 
 463. For early Republican party 
 see Democratic-Republican. . 
 
 Resenberg, Felix, 223. 
 
 Retail Clerks' papers, 12. 
 
 Revere, Paul, 94. 
 
 Reymert, James D., 339, 361, 409, 411. 
 
 Reynold, — , 493. 
 
 Reynolds. See Looker & Reynolds. 
 
 Reynolds. See Medary, Reynold* k 
 Medary. 
 
 Reynolds, B. W., 351. 
 
 Reynolds, C. P., 44. 
 
 Reynolds, J. G., 138. 
 
 Reynolds, J. W., 411. 
 
 Reynolds, John, 239. 
 
 Reynolds, John P., 41. 
 
 Reynolds, L. D., 36. 
 
 Reynolds, L. J., 159. 
 
 Reynolds, P. C, 206. 
 
 Reynolds, Thomas, 365. 
 
 Rheims (France) papers, 475. 
 
 Rhett, Barnwell, 266. 
 
 Rhett, R. B., 77, 266. 
 
 Rhinelander (Wis.) papers, 428, 429. 
 
 Rhoads, Ebenezer, 91. 
 
 Rhoads, James E., 246. 
 
 Rhode Island papers, 262, 263. 
 
 Rice, E. S., 330. 
 
 Rice, G. L., 446. 
 
 Rice, Gordon A., 291. 
 
 Rice, J. P., 440. 
 
 Rice, Rev. Luther, 24. 
 
 Rice, R. B., 407, 409. 
 
 Rice, W. M., 253. 
 
 Rice Lake (Wis.) papers, 429. 
 
 Rich, Albert J., 322. 
 
 Rich Hill (Mo.) papers, 135. 
 
 Richards. See Elliott & Richards. 
 
 Richards, A., 279. 
 
 Richards, D. H., 354, 380, 430. 
 
 Richards, Peter, 299, 300, 324, 357. 
 
 Richards, S. S., 305. 
 
 Richards, W. J., 264. 
 
 Richards, Willard, 276. 
 
 Richards, William C, 266. 
 
 Richardson, D. N., 65. 
 
 Richardson, D. V., 357. 
 
 Richardson, Mrs. D. V., 357. 
 
 Richardson, E. N., 60. 
 
 Richardson, Gardner, 179. 
 
 Richardson, Guy, 94. 
 
 Richardson, John, 246. 
 
 Richardson, Mark A., 319, 379. 
 'Richardson, R. V., 271. 
 
 [568; 
 
Index 
 
 Richardson, Robert D., 77, 214. 
 Richardson, V. W., 327. 
 Richardson, W. T., 286. 
 Richardson, Willard, 275. 
 Richardson & Hodden, 319. 
 Richardson & Peabody, 294. 
 Richardson & Reed, 269. 
 Richey, Canon T. S., 327. 
 Richland Center (Wis.) papers, 429, 
 
 430. 
 Richmond (Ind.) papers, 63. 
 Richmond (Va.) papers, 21, 23, 284- 
 
 287, 499. 
 Richter, D. E., 298. 
 Rickart, T. A., 9. 
 Rickert, Philip, 394. 
 Riddle, S., 259. 
 Ridenour, C. H., 19. 
 Ridgeley & Melvin, 82. 
 Ridgeway (Wis.) papers, 430. 
 Ridgeway, Erman J., 193. 
 Rigdin, Sidney, 229. 
 Riggs, Luther G., 333. 
 Rind. See Stewart & Rind. 
 Rind, Joshua N., 19. 
 Rlndlaub, M. P., 418. 
 Rindlaub, William M., 418. 
 Ring, L. B„ 406. 
 Ringle, Valentine, 457, 458. 
 Rintelman, W. H., 377. 
 Rio (Wis.) papers, 431. 
 Riordan, B. R., 266. 
 Rlordan, D. E., 320. 
 Riordan & Dawson, 263. 
 Ripley, Byron, 451. 
 Ripley (Ohio) papers, 231. 
 Rlpon (Wis.) papers, 431, 432. 
 Risdon, M. R., 142. 
 Rising, A. J., 338. 
 Rising, H. G., 441. 
 RIsJord, J. N., 403. 
 Rison, J. W., 287. 
 Rist, Frank L., 216. 
 Rist, J. W., 458. 
 Ritch, W. G., 405. 
 Ritchie, Thomas, 285, 287. 
 Ritchie, Thomas Jr., 285, 287. 
 Ritchie, W. P., 285. 
 Ritchie & Heiss, 19, 25. 
 Ritter. See Broderick & Ritter. 
 Ritter, Bruno, 335, 383. 
 River Falls (Wis.) papers, 433. 
 Rives, F., 22. 
 RiveB, J., 22. 
 Rives, John C, 22. 
 Rivington, James, 193. 
 Roach, R. J., & Son, 430. 
 Roas, Charles H., 5. 
 
 Roate, B. A., 458. 
 Roate, H. E., 458. 
 Robbins. See Craig & Robbins; also 
 
 Noyes & Robbins. 
 Roberts, B. H., 276. 
 Roberts, Sterling W., 29. 
 Roberts, W. G., 342, 395. 
 Robertson, Alexander, 168, 193. 
 Robertson, Col. D. A., 131. 
 Robertson, James, 168, 193. 
 Robertson, Macdonald & Cameron, 264. 
 Robinson, A. C, 334. 
 Robinson, A. F., 219. 
 Robinson, Abbie C. B., 334. 
 Robinson, Albert G., 335. 
 Robinson, Bird M., 194. 
 Robinson, C. E., 459. 
 Robinson, Charles D., 334. 
 Robinson, George, 273. 
 Robinson, H. S., 114. 
 Robinson, John P., 112. 
 Robinson, Roby, 27. 
 Robinson, W. J., 450. 
 Robinson, Warren, 317. 
 Robinson, William, 211. 
 Robinson & Jones, 216. 
 Robinson, Wyndham Jr., 78. 
 Rochdale Co-operative Co., organ, 6. 
 Rochester (Eng.) papers, 496. 
 Rochester (N. T.) papers, 58, 186, 205- 
 
 207, 387. 
 Rock Island (111.) papers, 57. 
 Rockford (111.) papers, 57. 
 Rockland (Maine) papers, 81. 
 Rockwell, A., 295. 
 Rockwell, A. G, 434. 
 Rockwell, A. J., 329. 
 Rockwell, John S., 409. 
 Rockwood, S. S., 323, 420. 
 Rocky, H. F., 54. 
 Rode, Charles R., 171, 187. 
 Rodell, Rev. A., 55. 
 Rodemeyer, J., 18. 
 Roden, August, 364. 
 Roderus, Frank, 49. 
 Rodgers, Edwin L., 227. 
 Rodgers, J L., 226. 
 Rodolf, Theodore, 349, 352. 
 Roese, Alfred E., 370, 412. 
 Roessler, O. F., 344. 
 Roessler Brothers, 357. 
 Roethe, E. J., 326. 
 Roethe, Henry E., 326. 
 Roets, Francis P., 433. 
 Rogers. See Sleeper & Rogers. 
 Rogers, Charles O., 98. 
 Rogers, Gamaliel, 88. 
 Rogers, George, 221. 
 
 [569] 
 
Index 
 
 Rogers, Joseph M., 435. 
 
 Rogers, Nathaniel P., 163. 
 
 Rogers, W. N., 435. 
 
 Rogers, William C, 349, 352. 
 
 Rogoff, H., 39. 
 
 Rolla (Mo.) papers, 135. 
 
 Rollins, Charles E., 37, 38. 
 
 Rollins, E. B., 279. 
 
 Rollis, C. J., 411, 443. 
 
 Roman Catholic papers. See Catholic. 
 
 Rome (Italy) papers, 478. 
 
 Rome (N. T.) papers, 207. 
 
 Ronemus, F. C, 134. 
 
 Rood, Andrew, 415. 
 
 Rook, A. W., 258. 
 
 Rook, Eugene, 258. 
 
 Roos, Herman, 49. 
 
 Roosevelt, Robert B., 193. 
 
 Roosevelt, Theodore, 167. 
 
 Root, — , 335. 
 
 Root, Erastus W., 459. 
 
 Root, F. A., & Sons, 67, 71. 
 
 Root, Irving, 431. 
 
 Root & Martin, 67. 
 
 Rose, — , 457. 
 
 Rose, Carl, 414. 
 
 Rose, James R., 315, 316, 438. 
 
 Rose, Lucius M., 331, 441, 451. 
 
 Rosenstengel, W. H., 385. 
 
 Roser, Carl, 370, 372. 
 
 Roser, Henry H., 369. 
 
 "Rosendale Squad," history, 501. 
 
 Rosewater, Edward, 142. 
 
 Ross, D. H., 59. 
 
 Ross, E. D., 296. 404. 
 
 Ross, H. V., 357. 
 
 Ross, Hector N., 436, 437. 
 
 Ross, James, 337, 364, 367. 
 
 Ross, L. E., 404. 
 
 Ross, R. S., 466. 
 
 Ross Brothers, 376. 
 
 Rossier, E. B., 310, 311. 
 
 Rostad, T. J., 442. 
 
 Rotch, — , 306. 
 
 Rothe, Emil, 452. 
 
 Rothert, Henry, 64. 
 
 Rothwell, Richard P., 173. 
 
 Rotier, M. C, 393. 
 
 Roumania papers, 480. 
 
 Round, Asa, 80. 
 
 Round, Frankin, 109. 
 
 Rounds, Horace E., 325, 413. 
 
 Rounds, Nelson, 153. 
 
 Rounds, Sterling P., 383, 427. 
 
 Rounsavell, N., 280. 
 
 Rousavell, Isabella, 38. 
 
 Rousse, Peter W., 147. 
 
 Rousseau, Achilles J., 395. 
 
 Rowe. See Nichols & Rowe. 
 
 Rowej Mrs. — , 36. 
 
 Rowe, Cyrus, 79. 
 
 Rowe, Francis J., 318. 
 
 Rowe, J. H., 54. 
 
 Rowe, Dr. N., 36. 
 
 Rowe, Q. M. E., 173. 
 
 Rowe & Josslyn, 54. 
 
 Rowell, George P., 191. 
 
 Rowell, H. H. O., 127. 
 
 Rowland, J. D., 416. 
 
 Rowland, J. S., 387. 
 
 Rowlinson, Nicholas S., 86. 
 
 Roxborough, J. Fred, 83. 
 
 Royal, William L., 284. 
 
 Royalist papers during American Rev- 
 olution, 184, 193. See also Loyalist; 
 and Wars : Revolution. 
 
 Royall, Mrs. Anne, 22, 23. 
 
 Royle, Joseph, 288. 
 
 Rozell. See Ferguson & Rozell. 
 
 Ruble, J. R., 272. 
 
 Rublee, Horace, 363, 364, 392, 394, 
 395. 
 
 Ruby City (Ind. T.) papers, 59. 
 
 Rudd, Rev. John C, 154. 
 
 Rudis-Jicinsky, J., 394. 
 
 Rudolph. See Haines & Rudolph. 
 
 Ruehman, August, 139. 
 
 Ruge, P., 428. 
 
 Rule, William, 270. 
 
 Rullman, E., 361. 
 
 Rummel, Andrew, 335. 
 
 Runals, E. L., 431. 
 
 Runge, E. A., 299, 459. 
 
 Rushwurm. See Cornish & Rushwurm. 
 
 Rusk, J. M., 449. 
 
 Rusk, L. J., 311. 
 
 Ruskin (Ga.) papers, 29. 
 
 Ruskin (Tenn.) papers, 273. 
 
 Russel, Wesley, 34. 
 
 Russelville (Ky.) papers, 75. 
 
 Russell. See Coriell, King & Russell. 
 
 Russell, Alexander, 312. 
 
 Russell, David, 277, 315. 
 
 Russell, Edward, 65. 
 
 Russell, Henry, 294. 
 
 Russell, J., 105. 
 
 Russell, Rev. J. S., 282. 
 
 Russell, James, 373. 
 
 Russell, John, 14, 15, 116. 
 
 Russell, John B., 303. 
 
 Russell, Joseph, 104. 
 
 Russell, O. N., 424. 
 
 Russell & Martien, 253. 
 
 Russian papers, 9, 499. 
 
 Rust, E. G., 274. 
 
 Rust, F. A., 291. 
 
 [570] 
 
Index 
 
 Rust, George W., 41. 
 
 Rustad, H. C, 313. 
 
 Rutland (Vt.) papers, 279. 
 
 Rutledge, J. C, 316. 
 
 Ryan, Andrew, 437. 
 
 Ryan, E. B., 453. 
 
 Ryan, B. G., 389. 
 
 Ryan, Frank A., 296. 
 
 Ryan, Henry D., 295. 
 
 Ryan, J. W. E., 282. 
 
 Ryan, James, 295. 
 
 Ryan, John W., 96. 
 
 Ryan, Samuel Jr., 295. 
 
 Ryan, Samuel J., 295, 329, 336. 
 
 Ryan, T. E., 453. 
 
 Ryckman, A. D., 414. 
 
 Ryckman, J. W., 384. 
 
 Rydal, Adolph, 446. 
 
 Sabado (P. I.) papers, 464. 
 
 Sabine, Edward, 491. 
 
 Sachs, A. G., 39. 
 
 Sacket's Harbor (N. Y.) papers, 207. 
 
 Sackett, B. C, 342. 
 
 Sackett, F. W., 417, 461. 
 
 Sackett, George E., 417. 
 
 Sacramento (Cal.) papers, 7. 
 
 Sadller, D., 198. 
 
 Sadlier, J., 198. 
 
 Safford, Greenville R., 18. 
 
 Safford, L. W., 328. 
 
 Sage, Rev. John C, 64. 
 
 Sagen, A. K., 351. 
 
 Sailors' papers, 8. See also Army and 
 
 Navy. 
 St. Anthony (Minn.) papers, 129. 
 St. Augustine (Fla.) papers, 26. 
 St. Charles (111.) papers, 57. 
 St. Clalrsville (Ohio) papers, 231. 
 St. Cloud (Minn.) papers, 129. 
 St. Croix Falls (Wis.) papers, 433. 
 St. Croix Valley, historical sketches, 
 
 339. 
 St John, Molyneux, 471. 
 St. John, S. S., 223, 342. 
 St. John, Vincent, 38. 
 St. Joseph (Mo.) papers, 135. 
 St. Louis Brothers, 382. 
 St. Louis (Mo) papers, 72, 136-140, 
 
 414, 499. 
 St Paul (Minn.) papers, 35, 129-132, 
 
 388, 499. 
 St. Peter (Minn.) papers, 132. 
 St. Petersburg (Russia) papers, 499. 
 St. Vincent, A. de, 394. 
 Salem (Mass.) papers, 115, 116. 
 Salem (Ohio) papers, 231. 
 Salem (Oregon) papers, 236. 
 
 Salisbury, H. S., 462. 
 
 Salisbury, Hezekiah, 156. 
 
 Salisbury, Smith H., 156. 
 
 Salisbury (Eng.) papers, 496. 
 
 Sallet, F. W., 378. 
 
 Salmon, E. P., 303. 
 
 Salmons, C. H., 206. 
 
 Salt Lake City (Utah) papers, 276. 
 
 Saltus, Freeman M., 117. 
 
 Salvation Army papers, 202, 489, 495. 
 See also Volunteers of America. 
 
 Salverda, S. H., 456. 
 
 Sample, William, 261. 
 
 Sampson, Ezra ("Dominie"), 160. 
 
 San Antonio (Tex.) papers, 275. 
 
 Sanborn, Alden, 344, 457. 
 
 Sanborn, Edward H., 241. 
 
 Sanborn, J. B., 359. 
 
 Sanborn, John P., 262. 
 
 Sanborn, W. A., 456. 
 
 Sanders, J. A., 41. 
 
 Sanderson, Edward, 147. 
 
 Sanderson, H. J., 294. 
 
 Sanderson, Herbert J., 444. 
 
 Sanderson, Israel, 418, 430. 
 
 Sanderson, J., 147. 
 
 Sanderson & Brookfleld, 147. 
 
 Sandford, A. C, 425. 
 
 Sandford, Henry, 372, 425. 
 
 Sandford, Mark, 372. 
 
 San Diego (Cal.) papers, 7. 
 
 Sands, Shaver & Co., 286. 
 
 Sandt, Rev. G. W., 240. 
 
 Sandusky (Ohio) papers, 231. 
 
 Sandy Hill (N. Y.) papers, 207. 
 
 Sandwich Islands. See Hawaii. 
 
 San Felipe (Tex.) papers, 275. 
 
 Sanford. See Randall, Sanford & Co. 
 
 Sanford, E. B., 97. 
 
 Sanford, I. R., 328. 
 
 Sanford, Rev. L. C, 8. 
 
 San Francisco (Cal.) papers, 6-10, 37. 
 
 Sanftleben, A. G., 5. 
 
 Sttngerfest papers, 137. 
 
 Sangster, Margaret E., 177. 
 
 Sanitary papers, 12, 75, 191, 193, 194, 
 277, 385, 488. See also Medical. 
 
 Sanitary Commission. See U. S. San- 
 itary Commission. 
 
 San Juan (P. R.) papers, 464. 
 
 San Jose (Cal.) papers, 9. 
 
 Sankey, Dora J., 323. 
 
 Sankey, J. W., 323. 
 
 San Luis Obispo (Cal.) papers, 10. 
 
 Santa Anna, Gen. Antonio L., In Texan 
 war, 275. 
 
 Santa Barbara (Cal.) papers, 10. 
 
 Santa F« (N. M.) papers, 149. 
 
 [571] 
 
Ind- 
 
 ex 
 
 Santee, Milton, 135. 
 
 Santee Agency (Nebr.) papers, 143. 
 
 Santee Indians, agency, 143, 268. 
 
 Santiago de Cuba papers, 499. 
 
 Sarasohn & Co., 180. 
 
 Saratoga Springs (N. Y.) papers, 207. 
 
 Sargent, A. A., 6. 
 
 Sargent, C. A., 421. 
 
 Sargent, Epes, 107, 187. 
 
 Sargent, I. C, 421. 
 
 Sarles, Miss. E. J., 370. 
 
 Sartz, Richard S. N., 43. 
 
 Satterlee, M. F., 375, 406, 429. 
 
 Saubron, Otto, 381. 
 
 Sauk Centre (Minn.) papers, 132. 
 
 Sauk City (Iowa) papers, 67. 
 
 Sauk City (Wis.) papers, 433. 434. 
 
 Saul, John S., 298. 
 
 Saunders, Eolfe S., 270, 287. 
 
 Saunders & Stone, 322. 
 
 Savage, Rev. G. S., 38. 
 
 Savanna (111.) papers, 58. 
 
 Savannah (Ga.) papers, 29. 
 
 Sawdon, R. C, 217. 
 
 Sawin, J. A., 325, 364. 
 
 Sawyer, C. E., 306. 
 
 Sawyer, E. W., 357. 
 
 Sawyer, Rev. J. E. C, 208. 
 
 Sawyer, Robert D., 220. 
 
 Sawyer, T. J., 201. 
 
 Saxe, John G., 277, 278. 
 
 Saxtbn, John, 213. 
 
 Saxton, T. W., 213. 
 
 Saylor, A. R., 18. 
 
 Sayre, W. N., 227. 
 
 Sayward, William H., 89. 
 
 Scaife, William, 225. 
 
 Scallon, M., 333. 
 
 Scammon, Jonathan Young, 39. 
 
 Scammon, John Y., 46. 
 
 Scandinavian papers, miscellaneous, 
 499; (Denmark), 472; (111.), 32, 37, 
 38, 40, 43, 44, 47, 49, 50, 55-57; 
 (Iowa),- 64, 65, 67; (Kans.), 68; 
 (Mich.), 119; (Minn.), 124-130, 132; 
 (Nebr.), 141, 142; (N. Y.), 155, 164, 
 187; (N. Dak.), 212; (Norway), 
 479; (Oregon), 236; (S. Dak.), 267, 
 268; (Sweden), 481; (Wash.), 292; 
 (Wis.), 322, 350, 351, 353, 355, 357, 
 359, 361, 365-367, 370, 373, 378, 
 386, 405, 409, 427, 443, 444, 446, 
 447. 
 
 Scarritt. See Humphries & Scarritt. 
 
 Schaap, Christian H., 2. 
 
 Schaeffe-r. See Minor & Schaeffer. 
 
 .Schaeffer, Frederick G., 85. 
 Schaeffer, George C, 173, 191. 
 
 Schaffer, J. G., 44. 
 
 Schaffter, C. A., 283. 
 
 Schaller, Prof. J., 385. 
 
 Scharf & Westcott, History of Phila- 
 delphia, 214. 
 
 Schauer, George, 336. 
 
 Schauer, H., 416. 
 
 Schaum, John W., 389. 
 
 Schaupano, Charles 425. 
 
 Schell, Augustus, 138. 
 
 Schempf. See Steele & Schempf. 
 
 Schenectady (N. Y.) papers, 207. 
 
 Sehevantes, G. W., 338. 
 
 Schiereck, Gus. W., 419. 
 
 Schiller, Edward, 31. 
 
 Schilling, George E., 357. 
 
 Schilling, Robert, 380. 
 
 Schindelmeisen. See Erb, Sehtadel- 
 meisen & Co. 
 
 Schindler, J. F., 425. 
 
 Schindler, J. J., 357. 
 
 Schintz, H., 413. 
 
 Schissler, P. V., 394. 
 
 Schleis, E. R., 291. 
 
 Schleyer, George, 335, 383. 
 
 Sehlosser, George, 314, 463. 
 
 Schmid. See Leicht & Schmid. 
 
 Schmidt, A. C, 371. 
 
 Schmidt, C. Otto, 372. 
 
 Schmidt, Carl G., 368, 371. 
 
 Schmidt, Carl H„ 371. 
 
 Schmidt, Mrs. Carl H., 371. 
 
 Schmidt, Joseph, 148. 
 
 Schmitz, John, 331. 
 
 Schneider, Ernest, 217. 
 
 Schoeffel, S. J., 130. 
 
 Schoeffler, Moritz, 381, 382. 
 
 Schoepflin & Foster, 189. 
 
 Schoff, Homer F., 347. 
 
 Schoff, S. S., 347. 
 
 Schoff & Winegar, 347. 
 
 Schonfarber, J. G., 83. 
 
 School papers. See Educational, and 
 College and School. 
 
 Schoolcraft (Mich.) papers, 124. 
 
 Schooley, Joseph L., 404. 
 
 Schoyen, D. M., 443. 
 
 Schroeder. See Miller & Schroeder. 
 
 Schroeder, Johannes, 350. 
 Schroeder, Louis, 392. 
 
 Schroeter, Ed., 389. 
 
 Schudel, John, 148. 
 
 Schuette, Henry, 336. 
 
 Schuette, J. H., 336. 
 
 Schultheiss, J. M. A., 383, 386. 
 Schultz. See Bunnell & Schultz. 
 
 Schultz, Ernest, 387. 
 
 Schultz, H. C, 306, 307. 
 
 [572] 
 
Index 
 
 Schultz, William, 387. 
 
 Schumm, Emma, 45. 
 
 Schumm, George, 45, 367. 
 
 Schurz, Carl, 190, 388, 452, 453. 
 
 Schuyler, Bishop Hamilton, 64. 
 
 Schwab, Michael, 52. 
 
 Schwank, James M., 248. 
 
 Schweers, John M., 435. 
 
 Schweitzer, Henry, 371. 
 
 Schwendke, Gustav, 452. 
 
 Schwerzen, Joseph H., 49. 
 
 Scientific papers, 152, 183, 189, 194, 
 220, 365, 386, 493. See also Astro- 
 nomical, and Chemical. 
 
 Sclavonic papers, 37, 45, 49, 260. 
 
 Scobey, F. H., 228. 
 
 Scofield, B. L., 431. 
 
 Scotland. See United Kingdom. 
 
 Scottish American papers, 194. 
 
 Scott, — , 55. 
 
 Scott, A. H., 446. 
 
 Scott, E. J., 317, 338, 408, 434. 
 
 Scott, F. C, 69. 
 
 Scott, George B., 189. 
 
 Scott, Harvey L., 236. 
 
 Scott, I. B., 76. 
 
 Scott, J. E., 9. 
 
 Scott, John P., 44. 
 
 Scott, John Welwood, 214. 
 
 Scott, Joseph, 245. 
 
 Scott, W. G., 225. 
 
 Scott, W. W., 211. 
 
 Scott, Winfleld, campaign organ, 362. 
 
 Scott & Bascom, 225. 
 
 Scrambling, G. D., 210. 
 
 Scranton, Edwin, 206. 
 
 Scranton (Pa.) papers, 260. 
 
 Scrap-books, ot clippings, 500, 501. 
 
 Scrlbner, Charles, 165. 
 
 Scrlpps, John L., 44, 45, 50. 
 
 Scroggs, J. E., 54. 
 
 Scudder, Samuel H., 194. 
 
 Scull, John, 259. 
 
 Scull, John I., 259. 
 
 Seaman, A. G., 17. 
 
 Seamans, George J., 428. 
 
 Seamans, S. H., 397. 
 
 Searle, Ralph H., 142. 
 
 Searles, Daniel, 141. 
 
 Sears, J. Hamblin, 177. 
 
 Sea ton. See Gales & Seaton. 
 
 Seaton, James W., 419. 
 
 Seattle (Wash.) papers, 6, 30, 290, 291. 
 
 Senver, Lucas, 383. 
 
 Sebastian, Judge Benjamin, 73. 
 
 Sebaugh, Charles H., 234. 
 
 Secession papers, 20, 27, 28, 85, 266, 
 269-271, 285. 
 
 Second Adventist. See Adventist. 
 Sedition Act. See Allen and Sedition 
 
 Acts. 
 Sedley, Henry, 193. 
 Seeger, Carl, 295, 296, 297. 
 Seftenberg, J., 315. 
 Seftenberg & Stinson, 308. 
 Seller, George, 331. 
 Seitz, F. L., 120. 
 Seitz, John, 232. 
 Sekles, Simon, 361, 365. 
 Selbach, Gustav, 297. 
 Selby, Paul, 58. 
 Selby, Simmons & Chapln, 58. 
 Sellers, James, 239. 
 Sellers, William, 247. 
 Sellew, Edwin P., 246. 
 Semmes. See Dunn, Semmes & Dodge. 
 Semple, Robert, 5, 6. 
 Seneca Falls (N. Y.) papers, 207. 
 Sequoyah, Cherokee chief, 29. 
 Sercomb, P. H., 50. 
 Seventh Day Adventist. See Adventist. 
 Sewall, Samuel E., 94. 
 Sewall, W. D., 81. 
 Sewell, S. T., 271. 
 Sexton, S. M., 225. 
 Seymour. See Chipman & Seymour. 
 Seymour, Charles, 352, 408. 
 Seymour, T. S., 340. 
 Seymour, W. H., 293. 
 Seymour (Mo.) papers, 140. 
 Seymour (Wis.) papers, 296, 434. 
 Sharer, Joel J., 313. 
 Shafer, Samuel J., 313. 
 Shaker papers, 152, 153. 
 Shane, John D., 500. 
 Shanks, W. F. C, 200. 
 Shanly, Charles Dawson, 201. 
 Sharon (Wis.) papers, 434. 
 Sharp, F. C, 410. 
 Sharp, H. T., 317. 
 Sharp, Mrs. Rose A., 410. 
 Sharpe, E. E., 436. 
 Sharpstein, J. R., 392. 
 Sharretts, George L., 339. 
 Shattuck, William B., 216. 
 Shaver. See Sands, Shaver & Co. 
 Shaver, D. B., 339. 
 Shaver, TJ. B., 339, 416. 
 Shaw, Albert, 192. 
 Shaw, Daniel, 392. 
 Shaw, Rev. Elijah, 227. 
 Shaw, G., 432. 
 Shaw, George H., 301. 
 Shaw, George K., 126, 130, 418. 
 Shaw, James, 38. 
 Shaw, L. P., 314. 
 
 [573] 
 
Index 
 
 Shaw, Myron A., 320. 
 
 Shaw, Neil, 258. 
 
 Shaw, Samuel, 158, 314, 320, 429. 
 
 Shawano (Wis.) papers, 434, 435. 
 
 Shawano County (Wis.) history, 434. 
 
 Shawnee Indians, described, 213. 
 
 Shea, Cornelius P., 62. 
 
 Shea, John M., 335, 348. 
 
 Sheahan, J. W., 50. 
 
 Shear, W. 0., 338. 
 
 Shear, W. W., 338. 
 
 Shearer, Herbert, 36. 
 
 Sheboygan (Wis.) papers, 371, 435- 
 
 437. 
 Sheboygan Falls (Wis.) papers, 327, 
 
 437. 
 Shedd, H. S., 370. 
 Sheep-raisers' papers, 375. 
 Sheffield (Bng.) papers, 496. 
 Shelbyville (111.) papers, 58. 
 Shelbyville (Ind.) papers, 63. 
 Shelbyville (Ky.) papers, 75. 
 Sheldon, Mrs. Anna E., 366. 
 Sheldon, H. L., 6. 
 Sheldon, J. P., 360. 
 Sheldon, T. C, 120. 
 Sheldon, William E., 106. 
 Sheldon & Reed, 120. 
 Shell Lake (Wis.) papers, 437. 
 Shelton, A. W., 428. 
 Shelton, William, 281. 
 Shepard, Elliott F., 183. 
 Shepard, Henry L., 45. 
 Shepherd, George S., 373. 
 Sheppard, George, 199. 
 Shepperd, F. W., 174. 
 Sherborne (Eng.) papers, 497. 
 Sheridan, J. A., 451. 
 Sheridan (Wyo.) papers, 293. 
 Sheriff, Charles F., 461. 
 Sherman, A. A., 291. 
 Sherman, B. F., 301. 
 Sherman, Charles O., 41. 
 Sherman, George, 149. 
 Sherman, H. W., 58. 
 Sherman, J. W., 283. 
 Sherman, James T., 149. 
 Sherman, William H., 301. 
 Sherrill, John S., 127. 
 Sherwood, E. G., 320. 
 Sherwood & Co., 86. 
 Sheward, D., 66. 
 Shields, J. C, 287. 
 Shillaber, B. P., 96. 
 Shingle Weavers' papers, 289. 
 Shinn, Rev. George W., 147. 
 Shiocton (Wis.) papers, 437. 
 Shipbuilders' papers, 147. 
 
 Shipley, Maynard, 6. 
 
 Shipman, K. W., 417. 
 
 Shipper, George M., 384. 
 
 Shippey, Hartwell, 291. 
 
 Shirk, J. E., 421. 
 
 Shirk, W. M., 333, 421, 428, 448. 
 
 Shirvydas, J. O., 248. 
 
 Shoaf, George H., 51. 
 
 Shoe Workers' papers, 105, 107. 
 
 Shoemaker, I. L., 248. 
 
 Sholes, C. C, 335, 346, 347, 361, 385, 
 453. 
 
 Sholes, C. L., 304, 346, 389, 392, 395. 
 
 Sholes, Henry O., 335, 336, 440. 
 
 Sholes, Schoff & Butts, 346. 
 
 Shoppel. See McElroy, Shoppel & An- 
 drews. 
 
 Shorey, H. A., 97. 
 
 Short, Prof. F. G., 330. 
 
 Short, Martin C, 308, 456. 
 
 Short, Mrs. Martin C, 308. 
 
 Short & Woolverton, 308. 
 
 Showalter, Clyde R., 356. 
 
 Shrader, L. O., 356. 
 
 Shrady, George F., 183. 
 
 Shrake, A. J., 407. 
 
 Shreve, Thomas H., 219. 
 
 Shuart, J. J., 351. 
 
 Shuey, Rev. W. L., 227. 
 
 Shuler, C. C, 54. 
 
 Shullsburg (Wis.) papers, 437, 438. 
 
 Shultz, J. H., 191. 
 
 Shuman, Andrew, 39, 52. 
 
 Shumway, J. T., 298. 
 
 Shupbach, James R., 276. 
 
 Shurly, Robert V., 412, 415. 
 
 Siamese papers, 499. 
 
 Sibley, C. D., 339. 
 
 Sibree, H., 372. 
 
 Sidney (Iowa) papers, 67. 
 
 Siebeneck, Joseph G., 258. 
 
 Seigel & Heintzeman, 95. 
 
 Sigel, Herman, 379, 382, 387. 
 
 Sigourney, Mrs. Lydia, 215. 
 
 Sill, Henry A., 47. 
 
 Silsbee, A. W., 343. 
 
 Silsbee, J. B., 343. 
 
 Silver City (Idaho) papers, 30. 
 
 Silver City (N. Mex.) papers, 150. 
 
 Silverton (Ore.) papers, 236. 
 
 Silz, Max A., 224. 
 
 Simmons. See Selby, Simmons & Chapln. 
 
 Simmons, Azariah H„ 86, 253. 
 
 Simmons, James, History of Geneva, 
 354. 
 
 Simmons, S. S., 346, 347. 
 
 Simmons, W. E., 328. 
 
 Simmons, Will, 328. 
 
 [574] 
 
Index 
 
 Simms, W. Gilmore, 264. 
 Simons, A. W., 48. 
 
 Simons, Arthur, 52. 
 
 Simons, T. J., 442. 
 
 Simons, Capt. Thomas T., 263. 
 
 Simons, William, 263. 
 
 Simonson, Andrew, 425. 
 
 Simonson, Arthur, 425. 
 
 Simonson, S. C, 458. 
 
 Simonton, J. H., 132. 
 
 Slmonton, S., 132. 
 
 Simpson. See Torrey & Simpson. 
 
 Simpson, C. G., 341. 
 
 Simpson, Matthew, 215. 
 
 Simpson, N. Dan., 355. 
 
 Simpson, Roy B„ 34. 
 
 Sinclair, Daniel, 132, 133. 
 
 Sing Sing (N. Y.) papers, 207. 
 
 Singerly, W. M., 254. 
 
 Single-tax papers, 1, 18,' 47, 182, 195, 
 197, 248, 483. 
 
 Singleton, Francis ,R., 334. 
 
 Sinsinawa (Wis.) papers, 438. 
 
 Sioux Indians. See Dakota. 
 
 Sioux Falls (S. Dak.) papers, 267, 268. 
 
 Sisson, Everett, 38. 
 
 Sitka (Alaska) papers, 2. 
 
 Sjodahl, J. M., 276. 
 
 Skeels, R. M., 161. 
 
 Skeels & Boyce, 161. 
 
 Skemp, J. C, 62. 
 
 Skinner. See Felt & Skinner. 
 
 Skinner, E. W., 363, 451. 
 
 Skinner, J. L., 279. 
 
 Skinner, John S., 83. 
 
 Skinner, Otis A., 42. 
 
 Skinner, Roger, 150. 
 
 Skinner, S. P., 42. 
 
 Skinvik, O. M., 446. 
 
 Sklppick, John, 380. 
 
 Skordalsvold, John J., 126. 
 
 Slack, Charles W., 92. 
 
 Slack, Henry N., 92. 
 
 Slavery papers (Kans.), 67, 70. 
 
 Slavonian papers. See Sclavonic. 
 
 Sleeper, H. S., 70. 
 
 Sleeper, John S. ("Hawser Martin- 
 gale"), 98, 99, 112. 
 
 Sleeper & Rogers, 99. 
 
 Slisz, S., 390. 
 
 Sloan. See Caine, Sloan & Dunbar. 
 
 Sloan, A. Scott, 302. 
 
 Slocum, C. H., 411. 
 
 Slye, James A., 318. 
 
 Smails, N. W., 333, 354. 
 
 Small, D. W., 409. 
 
 Small, G. W., 320. 
 
 Smalley, E. V., 187. 
 
 Smalley, H. C, 55. 
 
 Smalley, S. W., 55. 
 
 Smart, George, 223. 
 
 Smead, Benjamin F., 159. 
 
 Smead, S. M., 329. 
 
 Smead, Van B., 329. 
 
 Smelsorius, J. B., 248, 
 
 Smethurst, Joseph, 422. 
 
 Smith. See Buttles & Smith, Johnson 
 
 & Smith, Lyman & Smith, and Perrin 
 
 & Smith. 
 Smith, A. A., 13. 
 Smith, A. C, 351. 
 Smith, Aaron, 274. 
 Smith, Abram D., 386. 
 Smith, Augustus L., 329. 
 Smith, Barrett H., 304. 
 Smith, Benjamin B., 263. 
 Smith, C. C, 228. 
 Smith, C. H., 430. 
 Smith, C. M., 409. 
 Smith, C. P., 347, 407, 416. 
 Smith, Rev. C. W., 258. 
 Smith, Cal. P., 453. 
 Smith, Charles D., 408. 
 Smith, Charles E., 253. 
 Smith, Charles S., 428. 
 Smith, Clarence, 141. 
 Smith, David, 225. 
 Smith, Delavan, 61. 
 Smith, E. Otis, 2. 
 Smith, Rev. Elias, 227. 
 Smith, F. A., 430. 
 Smith, Francis, 237. 
 Smith, Frank 0., 352. , 
 Smith, Gebbit, 176. 
 Smith, H. K., 364. 
 Smith, H. T., 230. 
 Smith, Hayden K., 358, 395. 
 Smith, Henry, 46. 
 Smith, Horace E., 94. 
 Smith, Huntington, 100. 
 Smith, J. A., 327, 330, 412, 430, 431, 
 
 441. 
 Smith, J. K., 282. 
 Smith, J. M., 299. 
 Smith, J. Stillman, 100. 
 Smith, Jacob A., 57. 
 Smith, James P., 286. 
 Smith, James T., 87. 
 Smith, Jerry A., 429. 
 Smith, Jesse, 449. 
 Smith, John Jay, 254. 
 Smith, John T., 358. 
 Smith, Justin A., 33. 
 Smith, Justus, 449. 
 Smith, Lathrop E., 304, 309. 
 1 Smith, Lucius E., 94, 108. 
 
 [575] 
 
Index 
 
 Smith, Nathaniel, 181. 
 
 Smith, Nicholas, 300, 327, 342, 422 : 
 454. 
 
 Smith, O. B., 372. 
 
 Smith, O. C, 298, 319. 
 
 Smith, 0. G., 449. 
 
 Smith, Porter, 411. 
 
 Smith, R. P., 411. 
 
 Smith, Richard, 217. 
 
 Smith, Richard Penn, 241. 
 
 Smith, Robert, 245, 246. 
 
 Smith, S. Elmer, 376. 
 
 Smith, S. M., 38. 
 
 Smith, S. S., 9. 
 
 Smith, S. W., 372. 
 
 Smith, Samuel Harrison, 21, 251. 
 
 Smith, Samuel R'., 73. 
 
 Smith, Shelby, 249. 
 
 Smith, "Sol," 220. 
 
 Smith, Stevenson, 246. 
 
 Smith, Thomas, 8, 34, 46, 210. 
 
 Smith, Thomas Perrin, 86. 
 
 Smith, Uriah, 6. 
 
 Smith, Vivus W., 225. 
 
 Smith, W. H., 401. 
 
 Smith, W. Scott, 146. 
 
 Smith, William H., 272. 
 
 Smith, Bailey & Co., 286. 
 
 Smith & Carrigan, 254. 
 
 Smith & Gwynne, 332. 
 
 Smith & Johnson, 428. 
 
 Smith & Urie, 411. 
 
 Smyth, W. P., 280. 
 
 Smythe, Andrew E., 252. 
 
 Smythe, W. E., 39. 
 
 Snavely, L. C, 334. 
 
 Snelling, William J., 95. 
 
 Snodgrass, M. L., 450. 
 
 Snow, Henry, 35. 
 
 Snowden, Edgar, 280. 
 
 Snowden, Harold, 280. 
 
 Snowden, Hubert, 280. 
 
 Snowden, Samuel, 280. 
 
 Snyder, A: H., 282. 
 
 Snyder, Clarence, 298. 
 
 Snyder, J. H., 333. 
 
 Social Democrats. See Socialists. 
 
 Socialist papers (Australia), 466; 
 (Cal.), 4-10; (Canada), 467, 471; 
 (Colo.), 10-12; (Eng.), 485, 487, 488, 
 493, 496; (France), 473-475; (Ger- 
 many), 475; (Idaho), 30; (111.), 31, 
 33, 39, 42, 45, 47, 48, 52, 53, 57; 
 (Ind.), 62; (Iowa), 66, 67; (Italy), 
 478; (Kans.), 75; (Ky.), 75; (Mass.), 
 93, 94, 101, 105, 110-112; (Mich.), 
 120, 122; (Minn.), 128; (Mo.), 134, 
 136, 138, 139; (Mont), 140; (Nebr.), 
 
 141; (N. J.), 147-149; (N. T.), 155, 
 157, 163, 166, 170, 172, 177, 181, 188, 
 189, 195, 196, 200-204, 208; (Ohio), 
 224, 227, 233; (Okla.), 235; (Pa.), 
 240, 248, 249, 253, 259; (Scotland), 
 483; (Spain), 480; (Switzerland), 
 481; (Tex.), 274; (Wash.), 290, 
 291; (Wis.), 387, 396, 398, 426. 
 Soden. See Bradbury & Soden. 
 SBderholm, J. N., 37. 
 "Soft Shell" Democratic papers, 150. 
 Sokolowski, M., 35. 
 Solberg, C. F., 361. 
 Soldiers' Grove (Wis.) papers, 438, 439. 
 Solon Springs (Wis.) papers, 439. 
 Somerby, C. P., 170, 450. 
 Somers, Fred M., 7. 
 Somers, P. J., 383. 
 Somerset, J. B., 471. 
 Somerset (Ohio) papers, 231. 
 Sommers, Leo, 365. 
 Sons of the Revolution, organ, 196. 
 Soper, — , 129. 
 Soper, Ben H., 359. 
 Soper, Ben H. Jr., 412. 
 Sorensen, A., 126. 
 Sorensen, S., 43. 
 Sorensen, Sigvard, 353. 
 Sorghum industry, organ, 137. 
 Souder, Casper, 242. 
 South, George R., 402. 
 South Africa papers, 480, 499. 
 South Carolina papers, 263-267. 
 South Dakota papers, 267, 268, 499. 
 South Hanover (Ind.) papers, 221. 
 South Kaukauna. See Kaukauna. 
 South Jamesport (N. T.) papers, 28. 
 South Wayne (Wis.) papers, 439. 
 Southall, James C, 281, 285, 286. 
 Southampton (Eng.) papers, 497. 
 Southard, N., 109. 
 Southbridge (Mass.) papers, 116. 
 Southern States papers, 196, 498-500. 
 
 See also the several states. 
 Southington (Conn.) papers, 17. 
 Southport (Wis.) papers, 439, 440. See 
 
 also Kenosha. 
 Southwick, H. C, 153. 
 Southwick, Solomon, 262. 
 Southwick, Solomon Jr., 150-152. 
 Southworth, Mrs. E. D. E. N., 417. 
 Southworth, R. A., 11. 
 Spain, papers from, 480 ; intrigues 
 
 with, 73. See also Spanish. 
 Spalding, A. G., 114. 
 Spalding, J. D„ 356. 
 Spalding, James R., 199, 203. 
 
 [576] 
 
Index 
 
 Spanish papers, miscellaneous, 499 ; 
 
 (Argentine), 465; (La.), 77; (Mex.), 
 
 479; (Peru), 479, 480; (P. I.), 464; 
 
 (Spain), 480; (Venez.), 497. 
 Spargo, John, 170. 
 Sparling, S. E., 365. 
 Sparta (Wis.) papers, 440, 441. 
 Spaulding. See Howe & Spaulding. 
 Spaulding, D. J., 306. 
 Spearman, E. N., 268. 
 Spears, Barton W., 44. 
 Speed, Walter, 301, 311. 
 Speer, Albert ,R., 147. 
 Spelling ; reform papers, 163. 
 Spelman, John, 211. 
 Spence, B. L., 333, 379, 453. 
 Spence, T., 379. 
 Spencer, Lorrilard, 179. 
 Spencer (Wis.) papers, 441. 
 Spies, August, 52. 
 Spllde, Hans, 366. 
 Spiritualist papers, 46, 89, 101, 105, 
 
 155, 197, 210, 224, 233, 296, 343. 
 Spokane (Wash.) papers, 291. 
 Spooner, Alden, 169, 279. 
 Spooner, John, 114. 
 Spooner, Judah P., 279. 
 Spooner, Wyman, 280, 323. 
 Spooner & Merriam, 118. 
 Sporting papers, 18, 36, 189, 197, 494. 
 Spotswood, William, 106. 
 Spragg. See Woodward & Spragg. 
 Sprague, Burr, 309. 
 Sprague, C. G., 374. 
 Sprague, F. E., 191. 
 Sprague, J. T., 374. 
 Sprague Brothers, 160. 
 Sprague (Wash.) papers, 291. 
 Sprecht, Dr. August, 476. 
 Sprigg, D. F., 280. 
 Spring Green (Wis.) papers, 441. 
 Spring Prairie (Wis.). See Voree. 
 Spring Valley (Wis.) papers, 442. 
 Springer, J. H., 62. 
 Springer, T. A., 419. 
 Springer, W. L., 313. 
 Springfield (111.) papers, 58, 229. 
 Springfield (Mass.) papers, 115, 116. 
 Springfield (Ohio) papers, 102, 232. 
 Sprlngob, Joseph, 386. 
 Spurgeon, Joseph, 167. 
 Squatter sovereignty papers, 133. See 
 
 also Stephen A. Douglas. 
 Squier, B. G., 215. 
 Squier, L. B., 448. 
 Squires, Mark, 211. 
 Stackpole, E. S., 239. 
 Stacy, Henry B., 277. 
 
 Stafford, Henry L., 332. 
 
 Stafford, Irwin G., 274. 
 
 Stafford, O. A, 424, 426. 
 
 Stafford (Bng.) papers, 481. 
 
 Stair, J. B., 344. 
 
 Stair, Theron G., 445. 
 
 Stalker, Mary B., 38. 
 
 Stall, Sylvanus, 240. 
 
 Stambaugh, Samuel C, 239. 
 
 Stamp Act, opposed, 265. See also 
 Wars : Revolution. 
 
 Stanchfleld, D. L., 314. 
 
 Stanchfield, S. D., 329. 
 
 Stangeland, E. M., 236. 
 
 Stanley, Henry M., sent to Africa, 178. 
 
 Stanley, Lynde & Hayward, 199. 
 
 Stanley (Wis.) papers, 442. 
 
 Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 193. 
 
 Stanton, Henry B., 94, 198. 
 
 Stanton, R. P., 349. 
 
 Stanton, W. N., 271. 
 
 Stanton (Wis.) papers, 442. 
 
 Stanwood, Edward, 88. 
 
 Stapleton (N. Y.) papers, 207. 
 
 "Star Spangled Banner," first pub- 
 lished, 82. 
 
 Starbuck, Calvin W., 221. 
 
 Starbuck, F. W., 426. 
 
 Starks, Charles G., 305. 
 
 Starr, Elisha, 384, 387, 389, 396. 
 
 Starr, Sidney S., 339. 
 
 Starr, W. H., 173. 
 
 Starr, William D., 15. 
 
 Starr & Son, 341. 
 
 Starrett, Helen Ekin, 52. 
 
 Starrett, William A., 52. 
 
 Start, Edwin A, 21. 
 
 Staunton (Va.) papers, 288, 499. 
 
 Stavnhein & Norman, 212. 
 
 Stead, William T., 192. 
 
 Steadwell, B. S., 351. 
 
 Steam fitters' papers, 184. 
 
 Steam shovelmen's papers, 49, 260. 
 
 Stearns, Fred W., 397. 
 
 Stearns, J. N., 199. 
 
 Stearns, J. W., 365. 
 
 Stebbins, D. W., 293, 294. 
 
 Steckel, Alfred, 386. 
 
 Steele. See Gray & Steele; also Powell 
 & Steele. 
 
 Steele & Bates, 318. 
 
 Steele & Schempf, 309. 
 
 Stehlik, X, 427. 
 
 Steichmann, H., 120. 
 
 Steinbiss, H. W., 138. 
 
 Steiner, Jacob R., 132. 
 
 Steincr, Robert, 155. 
 
 Steinlein, A., 352. 
 
 37— N. C. 
 
 [577] 
 
Ind 
 
 ex 
 
 Stephens, Edward, 165'. 
 
 Stephens, G. F., 248. 
 
 Stephens, Louis H., 201. 
 
 Stephens, M. P., 408. 
 
 Stephens, W. P., 186. 
 
 Sterling, John, 416. 
 
 Stem, J. B., 268. 
 
 Sterne. See Logan & Sterne. 
 
 Stetson, William O., 455. 
 
 Steubenville (Ohio) papers, 232. 
 
 Stevens, A. C, 301, 427. 
 
 Stevens, Rev. Abel, 109, 184. 
 
 Stevens, Alfred G., 155. 
 
 Stevens, Alzina P., 52. 
 
 Stevens, B. E., 374. 
 
 Stevens, C. A., 331. 
 
 Stevens, Charles H., 126. 
 
 Stevens, Chase A, 349. 
 
 Stevens, Daniel, 111. 
 
 Stevens, David, 297. 
 
 Stevens, E. C, 319. 
 
 Stevens, D. E., 126. 
 
 Stevens, E. W., 325, 364, 427, 434, 441. 
 
 Stevens, P. M., 317. 
 
 Stevens, George A., 126. 
 
 Stevens, George E., 430. 
 
 Stevens, Col. John A, 126. 
 
 Stevens, Mrs. Lillian M., 51. 
 
 Stevens, M., 374. 
 
 Stevens, Monroe, 30.' 
 
 Stevens, Martin & Stevens, 126. 
 
 Stevens Point (Wis.) papers, 402, 442, 
 
 443. 
 Stevenson, John L., 207. 
 Stevenson, T. B., 219. 
 Stevenson, T. J., 123. 
 Stevenson, T. P., 243. 
 Stevenson, William, 335. 
 Stewart, A. A., 69. 
 Stewart, B. S., 261. 
 Stewart, Charles R., 306. 
 Stewart, John L., 261. 
 Stewart, John W., 402. 
 Stewart, Mary E., 501. 
 Stewart, Thomas A., 50. 
 Stewart, William M., 26. 
 Stewart & Folsom, 433. 
 Stewart & Rind, 21. 
 Stickle, A. G, 367, 383. 
 Stickles, Fred, 317. 
 Stickney, J. L., 121. 
 Stiles, Carey W., 27. 
 Stillman, John E., 294, 295. 
 Stlllman, W. J., 171. 
 Stillwater (Okla.) papers, 235. 
 Stillwell, C. J., 169. 
 Stinchfleld, D. L., 301, 407, 455. 
 Stinchfield, G. A., 408. 
 
 Stinchfield, Lewis, 408. 
 
 Stine, J. D., 234. 
 
 Stine & Hull, 228. 
 
 Stinson, O. L., 308. 
 
 Stirling, W. R., 47. 
 
 Stiver, P. O., 54. 
 
 Stivers, H. C, 447. 
 
 Stockbridge (Mass.) papers, 116. 
 
 Stockholm (Sweden) papers, 481. 
 
 Stocking, H. M., 321. 
 
 Stocking, John B., 321. 
 
 Stockwell, A. W., 236. 
 
 Stockwell, L. A., 72. 
 
 Stoddard, — , 423. 
 
 Stoddard, Ashbel, 160. 
 
 Stoddard, E. O., 342. 
 
 Stoddard, W. R., 437. 
 
 Stoddard, William B., 160. 
 
 Stoddart, J. M., 255. 
 
 Stokes, — , 304. 
 
 Stokes, John S., 246. 
 
 Stokes, M. T., 453. 
 
 Stolze, Paul F., 457. 
 
 Stolze, Gustav, & Son, 457. 
 
 Stone. See Saunders & Stone. 
 
 Stone, — , 113. 
 
 Stone, B. P., 143. 
 
 Stone, C. T., 403. 
 
 Stone, David M., 169, 184. 
 
 Stone, H. A., 345, 405. 
 
 Stone, H. L., 415. 
 
 Stone, J. N., 334, 372, 405. 
 
 Stone, James M., 92. 
 
 Stone, Leander, 347. 
 
 Stone, Lucy, 108. 
 
 Stone, Rev. Luther, 33. 
 
 Stone, Melville E., 42. 
 
 Stone, T. D., 431, 432, 448. 
 
 Stone, W. N., 369. 
 
 Stone, William L, 14, 169. 
 
 Stone, William T., 347. 
 
 Stone, Willis J., 309. 
 
 Stone-cutters' papers, 24. See also 
 
 Granite Workers. 
 Stoneburner & Co., 288. 
 Stookey, M. F., 324. 
 Storey, W. D., 383. 
 Storey, W. F., 50, 120. 
 Storrs, George, 143. 
 Storrs, Richard S., 179. 
 Story, Isaac, 146. 
 Story, John, 67, 355. 
 Story & Humphrey, 255. 
 Stoughton, A. L., 370. 
 Stoughton (Wis.) papers, 443, 444. 
 Stout, F. H., 443. 
 Stout, James H., 377. 
 Stout, N. L., 402., 443. 
 
 [578] 
 
Indes 
 
 Stout, Peter, 367. 
 
 Stoutemeyer, Isaac N., 78. 
 
 Stove Makers' papers, 121. 
 
 Stowe. See waiden & Stowe. 
 
 Stowe, Mrs. H. B., 215. 
 
 Stowell, J. M„ 407. 
 
 Stowers, Charles H., 458. 
 
 Strafford, O. F., 362. 
 
 Strandberg. See Bridgman & Strand- 
 berg. 
 
 Strang, C. J., 306. 
 
 Strang, James J., 450. 
 
 Strass, J. F., 268. 
 
 Strassburger, A. J., 419. 
 
 Stratton. See Tracy, Stratton & 
 Phillips. 
 
 Straub, J. A., 436. 
 
 Streator (III.) papers, 58. 
 
 Strean, James G., 261. 
 
 Strean, R. F., 261. 
 
 Street, Joseph M., 73. 
 
 Street, W. F., 446, 447. 
 
 Street Railway papers, 51, 121, 224. 
 
 Streeter, D. C, 440. 
 
 Streeter, Frank, 451. 
 
 Streeter, J. F., 298, 310, 403. 
 
 Streeter, S. E., 440 
 
 Strell, George W., 36. 
 
 Strickland, Frederick G., 48. 
 
 Strlngfellow. J. H., 67. 
 
 Stromme, Peer O., 43, 127, 357, 446. 
 
 Strong, Rev. E. E., 101. 
 
 Strong, John M., 346. 
 
 Strong, Joslah, 195. 
 
 Strong, M. M., 424, 425. 
 
 Strong, Marcellus, 412. 
 
 Strong, Moses M., 319. 
 
 Strong, N. C, 368, 432. 
 
 Strong, Philip, 223. 
 
 Strong, T. F, 327, 328. 
 
 Strong, T. F. Jr., 329. 
 
 Strong, Rev. William E., 101. 
 
 Strout, Albert, 291. 
 
 Stnart, Alexander, 32. 
 
 Stuart, Charles E., 300. 
 
 Stnart, Eden B„ 123. 
 
 Stuart, George S., 83. 
 
 Stuart, Iden L., 308. 
 
 Stuart, O. C, 267. 
 
 Stuart, Ray E., 439. 
 
 Stnart William, 32. 
 
 Stummer, Franz, 297. 
 
 Sturgeon Bay (Wis.), papers, 444, 445. 
 
 Sturgeon Bay ship canal, 444. 
 
 Sturtevant, Isaac, 118. 
 
 Sturtevant, J. L., 458. 
 
 Sturtevant, Ogden & Ware, 455. 
 
 Stuttgart (Germany) papers, 476. 
 
 Styles. See Elliott & Styles. 
 
 Suckow, B. W., 359. 
 Suffleld (Conn.) papers, 18. 
 Suffragist papers, 108, 141, 193, 232, 
 
 308. 
 Sugar Manufacturers' papers, 137. 
 Sullivan, J. L., 219. 
 Sullivan, J. W., 169. 
 Sullivan, M. J., 151. 
 Sullivan, W. H., 384, 385'. 
 Sullivan, W. J., 310. 
 Sullivan, W. K., 39. 
 Summer, W. G., 182. 
 Summerbell, Rev. J. J., 227. 
 Summers, Alexander, 270. 
 Summers, L. P., 280. 
 Summers, T. O., 272. 
 Sumner. See Tucker, Sumner & Co. 
 Sumner, D. H., 409. 
 Sun Prairie (Wis.) papers, 445. 
 Sunday school papers, 81, 255. 
 Sundellus, P. H., 37. 
 Sunderland, J. T., 90. 
 Sunderland, Laroy, 105. 
 Superior (Wis.) papers, 445—447. 
 Susemihl, Otto, 378. 
 Sussex (Wis.), paper printed at 404. 
 Sutherland, Alexander, 330. 
 Sutherland, James, 341, 426. 
 Sutor. See Drumb & Sutor. 
 Sutton, James, 162. 
 Sutton, Bowne & Co., 162. 
 Suydam, John V., 335, 336. 
 Sverdrup, G, 126. 
 Swain, H. H., 303. 
 Swain, William J., 254. 
 Swain, William M., 86, 253. 
 Swallow, John R., 302, 331. 
 Swan. See Alberg, Swan & Co. 
 Swan, H. L., 375. 
 Swartout, K. B., 325. 
 Swartz, G. L., 421. 
 Swayze, Caleb, 443. 
 Swazcy, Arthur, 38. 
 Swedenborgian papers, 219, 220, 225, 
 
 228, 251. 
 Swedish papers. See Scandinavian. 
 Sweet, — , 205. 
 Sweet, A. S., 274. 
 Sweeter, A. F., 425'. 
 Sweetser, C. H., 193. 
 Sweetser, H. E., 193. 
 Sweney, Charles, 55. 
 Swenson, R. B., 462. 
 Swenson Brothers, 462. 
 Swett, J. Jr., 279. 
 
 Swift. See Cramner, Swift & Stevens. 
 Swift, Charles H., 373. 
 Swift, H. S., 313. 
 Swift, L., 126. 
 
 [579] 
 
Index 
 
 Swift, Morrison I., 10. 
 Swift, P. H., 313, 410, 429, 448. 
 Swift, P. W., 452. 
 Swift, Ward L., 429. 
 Swiler, J. W., 317. 
 Swim, William, 219. 
 Swineford, A. J., 123. 
 Swineford, A. P., 329, 350, 446. 
 Swineford, James, 329. 
 Swing, David, 35, 45, 52. 
 Swinney, M., 481. 
 Swinton, John, 180. 
 
 Switchmen's papers. See Railway Em- 
 ployees. 
 Switzer, J. P., 368. 
 Switzerland, papers, 481. 
 Swoope, H. B., 258. 
 Swormated & Poe, 33. 
 Sydney (N. S. W.) papers, 466. 
 Sykes, C. P., 350. 
 Sylvester, L. M., 409. 
 Sylvester & Smith, 2. 
 Symes, John, 350. 
 Symmes, F. H., 267. 
 Syracuse (N. T.) papers, 208, 394. 
 Syriac papers, 499. 
 
 Tacoma (Wash.) papers, 292. 
 
 Taft, Charles, 221. 
 
 Tafton (Wis.) papers, 447. See also 
 
 Bloomington. 
 Taggart, George W., 460. 
 Tahiti papers, 499. 
 Tahlequah (Ind. T.) papers, 59. 
 Tailors' papers, 31, 169, 180, 198. See 
 
 also Garment Makers. 
 Tainter, J. B., 377. 
 Talbot, D. Covelle, 324. 
 Talboys, W. E., 334. 
 Tallman, G. B., 317. 
 Talmadge, Rev. T. Dewitt, 167. 
 Tammany Hall (N. Y.) papers, 162, 
 
 163 ; opposed, 199. 
 Tampa (Fla.) papers, 26. 
 Tanana mine workers' union papers, 2. 
 Tangerine (Fla.) papers, 26. 
 Tapley, John, 425. 
 Tapley, William B., 335, 405. 
 Tappan, Arthur, 169, 184. 
 Tappan, Lewis, 169. 
 Tarbox, I. N., 92. 
 Tariff reform papers, 93, 344. 
 Tate, Edward A., 55. 
 Tate, James A., 269. 
 Tatom, W. C, 270. 
 Taylor, Bayard, 52. 
 Taylor, Bennett, 281. 
 Taylor, Dr. C. F., 244. 
 
 Taylor, Charles H., 97, 120. 
 
 Taylor, Charles S., 301. 
 
 Taylor, Canon E. B., 327. 
 
 Taylor, E. C, 312. 
 
 Taylor, F. M., 31. 
 
 Taylor, G. B., 330. 
 
 Taylor, George W., 246. 
 
 Taylor, Graham, 198. 
 
 Taylor, Hobart Chatfield, 32. 
 
 Taylor, Horace A., 339, 340, 351, 364. 
 
 Taylor, Rev. J. R., 167. 
 
 Taylor, J. W., 356, 403. 
 
 Taylor, L., 446. 
 
 Taylor, L. A., 433. 
 
 Taylor, Lute, 351, 353, 423. 
 
 Taylor, Rev. Marshall W., 76. 
 
 Taylor, R. B., 72. 
 
 Taylor, Ray G., 357. 
 
 Taylor, S. B., 347. 
 
 Taylor, T., 5. 
 
 Taylor, W. A., 119. 
 
 Taylor, W. G., 38. 
 
 Taylor, W. H., 276. 
 
 Taylor, Rev. W. N., 167. 
 
 Taylor, Zachary, in Mexican war, 275. 
 
 Teague, George H., 446. 
 
 Teamsters' papers, 62. 
 
 Teasdale, — , 369. 
 
 Teasdale, J. B., 401. 
 
 Teed, Cyrus R., 37. 
 
 Teleautograph, first used, 50. 
 
 Telegraph, first message, 85, 86. 
 
 Telegraphers' papers, 34, 56, 173, 384. 
 
 Telford, Joseph, 259. 
 
 Telford, Thomas, 259. 
 
 Temperance papers (Australia), 466; 
 (Cal.), »; (Canada), 468; (Eng.), 
 494, 495; (111.), 30, 41, 51; (Mass.), 
 106, 113, 116; (Mich.), 122; (N. J.), 
 147; (N. T.), 153, 189, 192, 198, 
 199, 201, 207, 209, 210; (New Zeal- 
 and), 479; (Ohio), 213, 221, 224, 
 225; (Pa.), 243; (Wis.), 306, 308, 
 309, 312, 314, 317, 324, 327, 328, 
 340, 341, 347, 351, 353, 357, 363, 
 365, 368, 369, 377, 381, 383, 386, 
 390, 392, 397, 400, 427, 429, 436, 445, 
 452, 455. See also Good Templars 
 and Prohibition. 
 
 Temple, Willard, 374. 
 
 Templeton, East & Co., 72. 
 
 Templeton, Stockwell & Co., 72 
 
 Tennessee papers, 268-273. 
 
 Tennessee City (Tex.) papers, 273. 
 
 Tenney, George W., 386, 402. 
 
 Tenney, Horace A., 55, 358, 367. 
 
 Tenney, Jacob, 448. 
 
 Terhune, Mary V., 247. 
 
 [580] 
 
Index 
 
 Terre Haute (Ind.) papers, 63. 
 
 Terry, T. L., 305. 
 
 Texas, papers, 273-275 ; annexation, 25. 
 
 Thaxter, A. Wallace, 96. 
 
 Thayer, Delancey L., 314. 
 
 Thayer, E. B., 457, 548. 
 
 Theosophical paper, 7. 
 
 Thllly. See Ltmberg & Thllly. 
 
 Thobe, George H., 222. 
 
 Thorn, Gerrlt T., 344. 
 
 Thomas, — , 319. 
 
 Thomas. Abel C, 201. 
 
 Thomas, E. K., 357. 
 
 Thomas, B. S„ 264. 
 
 Thomas, Edith, 52. 
 
 Thomas, Elizabeth, 396. 
 
 Thomas, George F., 301. 
 
 Thomas, Griff J., 305, 388. 
 
 Thomas, H. W., 45. 
 
 Thomas, Ira B., 65. 
 
 Thomas, Isaiah, 105, 114, 118, 146 ; 
 
 History of Printing, 264. 
 Thomas, J. H., 31. 
 Thomas, John J., 206. 
 Thomas, Joseph H., 230. 
 Thomas, Jud E., 437. 
 Thomas, Kirby, 447. 
 Thomas, L. R., 260. 
 Thomas, M. J., 327, 329. 
 Thomas, Mary E., 437. 
 Thomas, Mattie B., 437. 
 Thomas, Moses, 249. 
 Thomas, R. H., 240. 
 Thomas, W. c, 437. 
 Thomas, W. C. E., 54. 
 Thomas & Peary, 297. 
 Thomas & Tucker, 151. 
 Thomas & Willoughby, 31. 
 Thomaston (Ga.) papers, 29. 
 Thomaston (Maine) papers, 81. 
 Thompson. See Weller & Thompson. 
 Thompson, A. C, 378. 
 Thompson, A. E., 424. 
 Thompson, A. G., 431. 
 Thompson, Charles L., 38. 
 Thompson, Daniel P., 278. 
 Thompson, David D., 33. 
 Thompson, George, 130, 131. 
 Thompson, H. P., 415, 416. 
 Thompson, Hugh M., 168. 
 Thompson, J. C, 424, 431. 
 Thompson, Miss J. C, 257. 
 Thompson, J. O., 20. 
 Thompson, James, 272. 
 Thompson, Mrs. M. E. B., 368. 
 Thompson, Mortimer S., 120. 
 Thompson, Robert B., 241. 
 Thompson, Roy L., 337. 
 
 Thompson, Slason, 32, 39. 
 
 Thompson, T. O., 304, 348. 
 
 Thompson, T. P., 470. 
 
 Thompson, W. A., 367, 403. 
 
 Thompson, W. H., 157. 
 
 Thompson, McCord & Co., 20. 
 
 Thomson, A. M., 337, 342, 380, 386, 
 392, 395. 
 
 Thomson, Col. Clifford, 127. 
 
 Thomson, John M., 127. 
 
 Thomson, John P., 87. 
 
 Thomson (Ga.) papers, 27. 
 
 Thorn, Gerrlt T., 344. 
 
 Thome, L. E., 215. 
 
 Thornton, James, 223. 
 
 Thornton, R. L., 312. 
 
 Thornton, S. Edwin, 141. 
 
 Thorp. See Adams & Thorp. 
 
 Thorp (Wis.) papers, 447. 
 
 Thorpe, A. W., 293. 
 
 Thorpe, C. A., 119. 
 
 Thorson, P. O., 212. 
 
 Thrall, Rev. W. H., 268. 
 
 Three Lakes (Wis.) papers, 314, 447. 
 
 Thresher, Ebenezer, 108. 
 
 Throckstad, A. P., 212. 
 
 Thum, Otto F., 11, 12. 
 
 Thurber, F. B., 181. 
 
 Thwaltes, R. G., 364, 414; Ohio Val- 
 ley Press, 72-74, 215, 217, 218. 
 
 Thweatt, C. T., 2. 
 
 Thwing, Edward, 339. 
 
 Thwing, James L., 327, 328. 
 
 Tibbits, Fred P., 399. 
 
 Ticknor, William D., 88. 
 
 Tiffany & Co., 4. 
 
 Tiffin (Ohio) papers, 232. 
 
 Tifft, J. H., 406. 
 
 Tilden, L. W., 43. 
 
 Tillinghast, B. F., 65. 
 
 Tillman, C, 40. 
 
 Tilton, Frank, 334. 
 
 Tilton, Franklin, 334. 
 
 Tilton, Howard W., 342. 
 
 Tilton, Theodore, 176, 179. 
 
 Times, George B., 259. 
 
 Timothy, Anne, 265. 
 
 Timothy, Benjamin, 265. 
 
 Timothy, Elizabeth, 264. 
 
 Timothy, Lewis, 264. 
 
 Timothy, Peter, 264. 
 
 Tingley, Katherlne, 7. 
 
 Tinsley, H. C, 288. 
 
 Titus, Bennett E., 208. 
 
 Tivoli (N. T.) papers, 208. 
 
 Tlzzard, S., 221. 
 
 Tobacco-growers' papers, 322. See also 
 Cigar Makers. 
 
 [581] 
 
Index 
 
 Tobey, Alvan B., 440. 
 
 Tobey, W. O., 227. 
 
 Tobin, Daniel G., 62. 
 
 Todd, Frank M., 9. 
 
 Todd, J. M., 73. 
 
 Tokio (Japan) papers, 478. 
 
 Toledo (Ohio) papers, 30, 98, 232, 233. 
 
 Toler, Richard H., 283. 
 
 Tollaksen, B. B., 348. 
 
 Tolman, William H., 195. 
 
 Tomah, Indian chief, 414. 
 
 Toman (Wis.) papers, 428, 448. 
 
 Tomahawk (Wis.) papers, 448. 
 
 Tomllnson, William, 231. 
 
 Tompkins, Jones, 406. 
 
 Tompkins, O. C, 123. 
 
 Tompkins, Robert, 344, 452. 
 
 Tompkins, William, 281. 
 
 Tompkins, William C, 435, 460, 461. 
 
 Toner, James I., 309, 326, 345. 
 
 Tonner, Thomas, 293. 
 
 Toole, Robert, 54. 
 
 Topeka (Kans.) papers, 71. 
 
 Torgerson, Rev. J. Z., 37. 
 
 Toronto (Can.) papers, 202, 387, 469- 
 471. 
 
 Torrey & Simpson, 79. 
 
 Tory papers. See Loyalist. 
 
 Tosterud, A. C, 386. 
 
 Tourgee, Albion W., 251. 
 
 Tousley, F. E., 322. 
 
 Tousley, M. G., 344. 
 
 Tousley, W. F., 322. 
 
 Tousley, W. H., 343, 344. 
 
 Towanda (Pa.) papers, 260, 261. 
 
 Tower, W. A., 332. 
 
 Towne, Benjamin, 252. 
 
 Towner Brothers, 333. 
 
 Townes, G. F., 267. 
 
 Townsend, Edward W., 193. 
 
 Townsley, Samuel, 404. 
 
 Trackmen's papers. See Railway Em- 
 ployees. 
 
 Tracy, J. G., 305. 
 
 Tracy, J. H., 347. 
 
 Tracy, James L., 33. 
 
 Tracy, Stratton & Phillips, 58. 
 
 Train, Abner L., 16. 
 
 Train, L. R., 307, 422. 
 
 Train, Samuel S., 307. 
 
 Transportation papers, 188. See also 
 Railways. 
 
 Traubel, Horace L., 244. 
 Trautmann, William E., 38, 136. 
 
 Travellers' papers, 170, 189. 
 
 Trayes, W. F., 123. 
 
 Trayser Brothers, 397. 
 
 Treasure City (Nev.) papers, 143. 
 
 Treat, Curtis M., 313, 323. 
 
 Treat, E. B., 371. 
 
 Treaty of Ghent, first announced, 234. 
 
 Treadway, William M., 282. 
 
 Treider, Christian, 40. 
 
 Trempealeau (Wis.) papers, 448. 
 
 Trenton (Mo.) papers, 140. 
 
 Trenton (N. J.) papers, 149. 
 
 Trevitt, William, 224. 
 
 Trevor, E. A., 431. 
 
 Trible, A. M., 283. 
 
 Triggs, Oscar L., 50. 
 
 Trailer, A. A., 66. 
 
 Troan, Ole A., 370. 
 
 Troemel, Otto, 371. 
 
 Trosclair, J. J., 77. 
 
 Trousdal, F. L., 322. 
 
 Trousdale, Leonidas, 271. 
 
 Trousdale, S. W., 370. 
 
 Trovaaten, A. A., 212. 
 
 Trowbridge, J. W., 424. 
 
 Trowbridge, M. H., 108. 
 
 Troy (N. T.) papers, 208, 209. 
 
 True & Green, 106. 
 
 Trueblood, Benjamin F., 88. 
 
 Truesdale, A. J., 129. 
 
 Truesdell, J. A., 303, 304. 
 
 Truesdell, L. S., 424. 
 
 Trumbull, George, 118. 
 
 Trumbull, Henry Clay, 255. 
 
 Trumbull, J. R., 114. 
 
 Trussell, See Barnard & Trussell. 
 
 Tubal, Rev. C. O., 127. 
 
 Tubbs. See Badger & Tubbs. 
 
 Tubbs, Henry H., 322, 323. 
 
 Tubbs, M. Wes., 361. 
 
 Tuck, H. C, 6. 
 
 Tucker. See Manderfield & Tucker. 
 
 Tucker, Benjamin R'., 100. 
 
 Tucker, Luther, 151, 205. 
 
 Tucker, Stillman A., 97. 
 
 Tucker, Sumner & Co., 81. 
 
 Tullahassee (Ind. T.) papers, 59. 
 
 Tully, Miles F., 315, 316. 
 
 Turin (Italy) papers, 478. 
 
 Turk, R. S., 288. 
 
 Turkish papers. See Constantinople. 
 
 Turnbull, H. I., 340. 
 
 Turner, A. J., 364, 420. 
 
 Turner, C. H., 261. 
 
 Turner, D. M., 261. 
 
 Turner, F. F, 401. 
 
 Turner, Frederick, 256. 
 
 Turner, George W., 192. 
 
 Turner, George H. B., 111. 
 
 Turner, H. L., 32. 
 
 Turner, Harry H., 124. 
 
 Turner, John, 250, 374. 
 
 [582] 
 
Index 
 
 Turner, John H., 111. 
 
 Turner, Thomas A., 468. 
 
 Turner, W. H., 66. 
 
 Turner Societies' papers, 172. 
 
 Tuscaloosa (Ala.) papers, 2. 
 
 Tuscumbia (Ala.) papers, 2. 
 
 Tuskegee (Ala.) papers, 2. 
 
 Tuttle. See Kessler & Tuttle. 
 
 Tuttle, Albert H., 279. 
 
 Tuttle, Charles W., 16. 
 
 Tuttle, George A, 279. 
 
 Tuttle, Hudson, 197, 224. 
 
 Tveitmoe, 0. A., 9. 
 
 Twede, O. O., 236. 
 
 Tweedy, J. H., 380. 
 
 Twlng, A. A., 178. 
 
 Two Rivers (Wis.) papers, 449. 
 
 Twombly, H. N., 424. 
 
 Tylee, Daniel E., 170. 
 
 Tyler, Gustav, 458. 
 
 Tyler, John, administration organ, 23, 
 
 287. 
 Tyler, Royal, 106, 146, 252. 
 Tyler, Wise & Allegre, 285. 
 Tyng, Rev. Stephen H. Jr., 167. 
 Tyrrell, D. W., 309. 
 
 Uhleeldeb, Julius, 330. 
 
 TJhlrich, — . 476. 
 
 TJlrich, John, 352. 
 
 "Uncle Tom's Cabin," published, 21. 
 
 Underwood, Benjamin F., 42, 46, 98. 
 
 Underwood, H. S., 88. 
 
 Union City (Ga.) papers, 29. 
 
 Union Grove (Wis.) papers, 449. 
 
 Union Pacific Railroad, employees' pa- 
 per, 12. 
 
 Union Springs (N. T.) papers, 209. 
 
 Unitarian papers, 51, 58, 90, 144, 167, 
 173, 364, 434. 
 
 United Brethren's papers, 227. 
 
 United Kingdom papers, 481-497, 499, 
 500. 
 
 United States, bank attacked, 144, 183; 
 Corporation Bureau, 34 ; postal sys- 
 tem, 84 ; War Department, 19. 
 
 United States Sanitary Commission, 
 papers, 193. 
 
 United Workers of the World, organ, 
 240. 
 
 Universalist papers, 42, 148, 188, 201, 
 220, 221, 227, 262. 
 
 University extension organ, 243. 
 
 Upham, C. M., 434. 
 
 Ure, George V., 406. 
 
 Urie. See Smith & Urie. 
 
 Usher, Ellis B., 349, 350. 
 
 Usher, Isaac L., 349. 
 
 Ustrud, H. A., 267. 
 
 Utah papers, 276. 
 
 Utermohl, John L., 331, 349. 
 
 Utica (N. T.) papers, 90, 173, 209, 210. 
 
 Utley, Hamilton, 426, 427. 
 
 Utley, William L., 426, 427. 
 
 Utter, Clarence S., 448. 
 
 Utter, E. R., 323. 
 
 Utter, Francis A, 323. 
 
 Utter, George S., 317, 323, 354. 
 
 Utter Brothers, 448. 
 
 Vail, Claude M., 305. 
 
 Vail, J. W., 421. 
 
 Vaill, J. H., 18. 
 
 Vaill, Theodore F., 18. 
 
 Valentine, Rev. M. H, 240. 
 
 Valentine, R. P., 281. 
 
 Vallette, C. D., 65. 
 
 Valley Falls (Kans.) papers, 72. 
 
 Valley Junction (Wis.) papers, 449. 
 
 Valparaiso (Ind.) papers, 63. 
 
 Valparaiso (Iowa) papers, 67. 
 
 Van Altena, C. G., 456. 
 
 Van Anden, Isaac, 155. 
 
 Van Benthuysen, Charles, 152. 
 
 Van Bodegraven, William, 33. 
 
 Van Buren, DeWitt, 182. 
 
 Van Buren, Martin, 150. 
 
 Van Buren (Ark.) papers, 4. 
 
 Van Buskirk, M. F., 194. 
 
 Van Cleave, J. C, 163. 
 
 Van Cleve, Collins, 31. 
 
 Van Dalsen, H. A., 307. 
 
 Van Dusen, O. B., 417. 
 
 Van Duzee, Frederick N., 132, 133. 
 
 Van Evrie & Horton, 166. 
 
 Van Fleet, Mrs. — , 41. 
 
 Van Fleet, J. A., 41. 
 
 Van Hovenberg, H. C, 460. 
 
 Van Keuran, J. H., 18. 
 
 Van Meter, Abe C, 408. 
 
 Van Meter, Franc A. R., 408. 
 
 Van Ornum, J. L., 357. 
 
 Van Pelt See Darby & Van Pelt 
 
 Van Pelt, Henry, 271. 
 
 Van Pelt, P., 250. 
 
 Van Rensselaer family, 151. 
 
 Van Santvoord, C, 38. 
 
 Van Slyke, I. N., 339, 340. 
 
 Van Waters, George, 320, 377. 
 
 Van Wert (Ohio) papers, 233. 
 
 Van Wyck, Charles, 167. 
 
 Van Wyck, P. V. iR., 164. 
 
 Vance, Wilson, 197. 
 
 Vance & Wendell, 150. 
 
 Vancouver (B. C.) papers, 471. 
 
 Vandalia (111.) papers, 59. 
 
 [583] 
 
Index 
 
 Vandercook, E. M., 441. 
 
 Vandercook, G. B., 423, 441. 
 
 Vanderford, C. H., 282. 
 
 Tanderpool, A. B., 384. 
 
 Vandervort, H. L., 332. 
 
 Varney, S. J., 113. 
 
 Vaughan, Champion, 70, 386. 
 
 Vaughan, J. C, 74. 
 
 Vaughan, E. E., 378. 
 
 Veale, G. W., 71. 
 
 Vedder, Henry C, 173. 
 
 Veeder, Garrett, 342, 343. 
 
 Veith, A. G., 379. 
 
 Venezuela papers, 497. 
 
 Vera Cruz, capitulation announced, 86. 
 
 Verbeck, Prank S., 405, 463. 
 
 Verburg, E., 436. 
 
 Vermont papers, 277-280. 
 
 Verplanck, Johnston, 163. 
 
 Viall, B. W., 414. 
 
 Vickers, Martin, 340. 
 
 Vicksburg (Miss.) papers during siege, 
 
 133. 
 Victor (Colo.) papers, 12. 
 Vlctora, William, 404. 
 Victoria (B. C.) papers, 471. 
 Victory, John F., 23. 
 Vidal, Michel, 77. 
 Vienna (Austria) papers, 466. 
 Viefs, Julia A., 341. 
 Vignaud, Henri, 78. 
 Vilas, — , 426. 
 Vilas, W. P., 369. 
 Vilas, W. N., 462. 
 Vincent, C, 72. 
 Vincent, Henry, 47, 230. 
 Vincent, H. & L., 72. 
 Vineland (N. J.) papers, 149. 
 Viola (Wis.) papers, 449. 
 Virginia, papers, 280-289, 498, 499; 
 
 University of, 281. 
 Virginia City (Nev.) papers, 143. 
 Viroqua (Wis.) papers, 449, 450. 
 Vittum. See Wells & Vittnm. 
 Vittum, D. S., 299, 300. 
 Vollbrecht, Charles, 120. 
 Volckman, H., 155. 
 Volk, Johan, 187. 
 Volunteers of America, papers, 201. 
 
 See also Salvation Army. 
 Voree (Wis.) papers, 450. 
 Vornberg, Dr. Karl, 39. 
 Voshardt, A. C, 348. 
 Voshardt, P. H., 315, 460. 
 Vrooman, Walter, 134. 
 
 Wachsmuth, Henry, 301. 
 Wachsmuth, L., 301. 
 
 Waddell, L., 281. 
 
 Waddell, W. H., 281. 
 
 Waddill, A., 283. 
 
 Wade. See Ayers & Wade. 
 
 Wade, Jenks & Co., 20. 
 
 Wadsworth (Ohio) papers, 233. 
 
 Waffle, Archibald, 439. 
 
 Waggoner, E. B., 461. 
 
 Waggoner, J. H., 6, 321, 375, 410, 416, 
 
 420, 429, 430. 
 Waggoner, William J., 430. 
 Wagnalls. See Funk & Wagnalls. 
 Wagner, D. A., 456. 
 Wagner, Frank, 307. 
 Wagner, Fred J., 179. 
 Wagner, Michael, 309. 
 Wagner, P. K., 76. 
 Wagner, William, 447. 
 Wagon, Workers' papers, 222. 
 Wait, Seymour G., 420, 421. 
 Wait, William S., 108. 
 Waite. See Ratcliffe & Waite. 
 Waite, Henry Randall, 180. 
 Waite, J. L., 64. 
 Waite, T. J., 50. 
 Waiters' papers, 219. 
 Wakarusa (Kans.) papers, 69. 
 Wakeman, Edgar L„ 35. 
 Wakeman, Wilbur F., 172. 
 Walden & Stowe, 33. 
 Waldie, Adam, 182, 256, 257. 
 Waldo, Charles D., 459. 
 Waldo, J. C, 221. 
 Waldron, C, 461. 
 Wales, Salem H., 194. 
 Wales, William, 272. 
 Walker. See Eastin & Walker. 
 Walker, C. P., 135. 
 Walker, Duncan S., 20. 
 Walker, E. C, 72. 
 Walker, Henry J., 443. 
 Walker, Henry N., 120. 
 Walker, J. B., 38. 
 Walker, Thomas, 209. 
 Walker, W. H., 376, 408, 414, 463 
 Walker, W. J., 291. 
 Walker, Rev. Wareham, 90, 277. 
 Walker, William R., 118. 
 Walker, Reed & Co., 252. 
 Walker & Worrell, 38. 
 Wallace. See Looker & Wallace. 
 Wallace, J. J., 258. 
 Wallace, James W., 270. 
 Wallich, Adolph, 370, 371. 
 Wallingford (Conn.) papers, 18, 155. 
 Wallis, John, 148. 
 Wallrich, M. J., 435. 
 Walpole ( N. H.) papers, 146, 252. 
 
 [584] 
 
Index 
 
 Walrath, G. W., 350. 
 
 Walrod, Garrett M., 361. 
 
 Walsh, J. H., 141. 
 
 Walsh, P. P., 318. 
 
 Walsh, Patrick, 27. 
 
 Walsh, Robert, 247, 254. 
 
 Walsh, T. B., 291. 
 
 Walsh, Rev. Warren W., 156. 
 
 Walslngham, W. W., 370. 
 
 Walter, B. E., 417. 
 
 Walter, Cornelia M., 107. 
 
 Walter, John, 494. 
 
 Walter, Lynde M., 107. 
 
 Walters, William M., 459. 
 
 Walther, H., 191. 
 
 Walton, Charles, 167. 
 
 Walton, Joseph, 245, 246. 
 
 Walworth, C. B., 308. 
 
 Walworth, Clinton, 396. 
 
 Walworth, John, 308, 402, 429, 430. 
 
 WanamakeT, John, 242. 
 
 Wanhope, Joseph, 238. 
 
 Warburton, Charles B., 255. 
 
 Warburton, Stacy R., 89. 
 
 Ward, Artemus, 52, 173. 
 
 Ward, C. A., 446. 
 
 Ward, E. R., 398. 
 
 Ward, George E., 298. 
 
 Ward, George W., 280. 
 
 Ward, William Hayes, 179. 
 
 Warden, A. F., 418, 453. 
 
 Warden, A. M., 451. 
 
 Warden, W., 90. 
 
 Wardman, Ervln, 190. 
 
 Ware, Charles, 436. 
 
 Ware, J. M., 455. 
 
 Ware, R. I/., 404. 
 
 Warehlme, O. C, 87. 
 
 Warehlme & Page, 87. 
 
 Waring, George E., 173. 
 
 Warner, Charles Dudley, 14. 
 
 Warner, Nlnlan, 49. 
 
 Warner (Wis.) papers, 450. See also 
 Ladysmlth. 
 
 Warren, C. P., 299. 
 
 Warren, Fred D., 60, 68. 
 
 Warren, H. C, 379. 
 
 Warren, James D., 157. 
 
 Warren, Lansing, 395. 
 
 Warren, Rev. O. H., 208. 
 
 Warren (Pa.) papers, 261. 
 
 Warren (R. I.) papers, 263. 
 
 Warrens (Wis.) papers, 451. 
 
 Wars: 1812-15, history, 202; opposi- 
 tion to, 85, 90, 105; papers pub- 
 lished" during, 277, 284. French Rev- 
 olution, 473, 474. Japan-China 
 1894), 385. Kansas border, 69. 
 
 Mexican, 86, 275. Revolution, Ca- 
 nadian commissioners, 468 ; papers re- 
 moved, 180; published during, 95, 
 102, 105, 159, 193, 240, 243, 247- 
 249, 251, 262-265, 500, 501; Eng- 
 lish papers during, 184, 486. See 
 also Loyalist and Royalist papers. Se- 
 cession, 16, 20, 245, 283, 285; gov- 
 ernment organ, 248 ; supported, 350, 
 371 ; papers suppressed, 50, 74, 85, 
 166, 426; seized by Federals, 263, 
 271, 432; editors enlist, 388, 402, 
 409, 424 ; papers suspended, 76, 85, 
 208, 266, 272, 281, 302, 309, 334; 
 enlistments published, 293, 300; cor- 
 respondence, 501 ; soldiers publish pa- 
 pers, 76, 87, 133, 267, 269, 284, 368; 
 influence in Missouri, 137. See also 
 Secession. Spanish-American, 295, 
 321. Texan-Mexico, 275. 
 
 Warsaw (N. Y.) papers, 210. 
 
 Wartmann, J. H., 282. 
 
 Wartmann, Lawrence, 282. 
 
 Warvelle, George W., 346. 
 
 Washburn, A. M., 444. 
 
 Washburn, Rev. E. A., 182. 
 
 Washburn, Emory, 118. 
 
 Washburn, William D., 128. 
 
 Washburn (Wis.) papers, 298, 451. 
 
 Washburne & Klubenstein, 418. 
 
 Washington, Booker T., 2. 
 
 Washington, George, administration 
 opposed, 246. See also Anti-Feder- 
 alists and Federalists. 
 
 Washington (D. C), correspondent, 81; 
 papers, 19-26, 58, 85. 
 
 Washington (state) papers, 289-292, 
 498, 499. 
 
 Washington (Ind.) papers, 63. 
 
 Washington (Ky.) papers, 3. 
 
 Washington (Pa.) papers, 261. 
 
 Waterbury, A. D., 354. 
 
 Waterford (Wis.) papers, 451. 
 
 Waterloo (Wis.) papers, 451. 
 
 Waterman, — , 461. 
 
 Waterman, B. F., 332. 
 
 Waterman, J. M., 501. 
 
 Watertown (Mass.) papers, 95, 117. 
 
 Watertown (N. T.) papers, 210. 
 
 Watertown (Wis.) papers, 385, 451- 
 454. 
 
 Wathen, F. Eugene, 82. 
 
 Watkins, Albert, 400. 
 
 Watkins, W. H., 69. 
 
 Watrous, J. A., 306, 326, 327, 376, 397. 
 
 Watrous, R. B., 397. 
 
 Watson. See Cannon, Watson & Chris- 
 tian. 
 
 [585] 
 
Index 
 
 Watson, David Jr., 145. 
 
 Watson, Ebenezer, 14. 
 
 Watson, Egbert E., 281. 
 
 Watson, Merrill, 136. 
 
 Watson, Thomas B., 27, 202. 
 
 Watson, W. H., 395. 
 
 Watson, William, 88. 
 
 Watson & Alpers, 202. 
 
 Watt, William M., 376. 
 
 Watters, James, 250. 
 
 Watterson, Henry, 28, 74, 272. 
 
 Watts. See Jones & Watts. 
 
 Waugh, B., 166. 
 
 Waukesha (Wis.) papers, 453, 454. See 
 
 also Prairieville. 
 Waunakee (Wis.) papers, 454, 455. 
 Waupaca (Wis.) papers, 455 1 , 456. 
 Waupun (Wis.) papers, 456. 
 Wausau (Wis.) papers, 456-458. 
 Wautoma (Wis.) papers, 455, 458. 
 Wauwatosa (Wis.) papers, 385. 
 Wayland, Rev. H. L., 173. 
 Wayland, J. A., 60, 68, 69. 
 Waynesboro (Va.) papers, 288. 
 Weather Service papers, 398. 
 Weatherby, A. L., 93. 
 Weatherby, E. S., 374. 
 Weaver, James B., 65. 
 Webb, Edward G., 252. 
 Webb, George, 358. 
 Webb, James Watson, 170, 203. 
 Webb, W. C, 458. 
 Webb, W. G., 275. 
 Webb, Willoughby W., 224. 
 Weber, E. H., 377, 423. 
 Weber, W. F., 327, 414, 425. 
 Webster, Charles E., 151, 160. 
 Webster, Daniel, 80, 88. 
 Webster, H. L., 405. 
 Webster, Isaac W., 347. 
 Webster, J. D., 50. 
 Webster, J. E., 357. 
 Webster, J. V., 9. 
 Webster, M. Henry, 153. 
 Webster, Noah, 169, 178. 
 Webster, Noah Jr., 196. 
 Webster, W. E., 339. 
 Webster City (Iowa) papers, 33, 67. 
 Wedelstedt, Charles, 371. 
 Wedemeyer, C. H., 273. 
 Wedemeyer, E. C, 273. 
 Weed, Alonzo S., 109. 
 Weed, C. A., 78. 
 Weed, Thurlow, 152, 169. 
 Weeden, T. C, 31. 
 Weeks, Wilbur G., 317. 
 Weglandt, W. A., 213. 
 Wehn, Henry, 379. 
 
 Weldner, Julius, 414. 
 
 Weigel, J. P., 136. 
 
 Well, Jean, 242. 
 
 Weiler & Thompson, 314. 
 
 Weirlch, Joseph I., 300. 
 
 Weisbrod, Charles A., 413. 
 
 Weisman, Henry, 148. 
 
 Weiss, Edward, 454. 
 
 Weiss, George, 454. 
 
 Weiss, Samuel, 238. 
 
 Weissinger. See Prentice & Wels- 
 
 singer. 
 Welch, Victor J., 364. 
 Welch, William, 361, 364, 369. 
 Welch, William P., 322, 364. 
 Welcome (Wis.) papers, 458. 
 Weld, Ezra W., 116. 
 Weld, H. Hastings, 103, 172. 
 Weld, H. W., 112. 
 Weld, Horatio H., 252. 
 Weiler, George, 243. 
 Wells, A. M., '132. 
 Welles, Gideon, 15. 
 Wellesley (Mass.) papers, 117. 
 Wellesley Hills (Mass.) papers, 117. 
 Wellington (Eng.) papers, 497. 
 Wellington (N. Z.) papers, 479. 
 Wells. See Fowler & Wells. 
 Wells, C. D., 418, 444, 448. 
 Wells, C. E., 428. 
 Wells, Calvin, 253. 
 Wells, Charles E., 319. 
 Wells, Clifford M., 325, 449. 
 Wells, Francis, 242. 
 Wells, G. H., 301. 
 Wells, H. M., 370. 
 Wells, H. N., 396. 
 Wells, J. A, 448. 
 Wells, J. H., 52, 305, 333, 407. 
 Wells, John, 265. 
 Wells, O. E., 345. 
 Wells, P. L., 52. 
 Wells, Robert, 265. 
 Wells, Will N., 306, 406, 440. 
 Wells & Vlttum, 52. 
 Welsh, Henry B., 400. 
 Welsh, Herbert, 243. 
 Welsh, James S., 182. 
 Welsh papers (Wis.), 310. 
 Wendell. See Vance & Wendell. 
 Wendte, Rudolph, 381. 
 Wentworth. See Dutton & Wentworth. 
 Wentworth, E. O., 459. 
 Wentworth, H. M., 425. 
 Wentworth, J. T., 354. 
 Wentworth, John, 35. 
 Wentworth, Eobert B., 320, 345. 
 Wentworth, Zebulon C, 425, 426. 
 
 [586] 
 
Index 
 
 Wenzel, Fred, 222. 
 
 West, Edmund A., 402. 
 
 West, Frederick, 174. 
 
 West George M., 308. 
 
 West, H. T., 347. 
 
 West, James J., 50. 
 
 West, John B., 132. 
 
 West, Mary Allen, 51. 
 
 West, Robert, 32. 
 
 West Bend (Wis.) papers, 337, 459. 
 
 West Chester (Pa.) papers, 261. 
 
 West Eau Claire (Wis.) papers, 460. 
 
 West Farms (N. T.) papers, 162, 210. 
 
 West Greenville (Pa.) papers, 261. 
 
 West Hoboken (N. J.) papers, 149. 
 
 West Indies, papers, 497. See also 
 
 Cuba and Porto Ilico. 
 nest Meriden (Conn.) papers, 18. 
 West Superior (Wis.) papers, 460. See 
 
 also Superior. 
 West Virginia papers, 288, 292, 293. 
 Westcott, James D., 281. 
 Westcott, M., 334. 
 Westerly (E. I.) papers, 263. 
 Western States papers, miscellaneous, 
 
 498-500. See also the several states. 
 Westervllle (Ohio) papers, 381. 
 Westfleld (Wis.) papers, 460. 
 Westminster (Vt.) papers, 279. 
 Weston, John H., 108. 
 Weston (Mo.) papers, 140. 
 Weston-Super-Mare (Eng.) papers, 479. 
 Westphal, E. J., 296. 
 Westwood (Mass.) papers, 117. 
 Wetherby, — , 374. 
 Wetmore, Alphonso, 139. 
 Wetmore, Claude H., 140. 
 Weyauwega (Wis.) papers, 297, 460, 
 
 461. 
 Wharry, Walter H., 362. 
 Wheat, Frank I., 5'. 
 Wheaton, C. S., 158. 
 Wheaton, Henry, 162. 
 Wheeler, — , 131. 
 Wheeler, A., 258. 
 Wheeler, Bennett, 263. 
 Wheeler, Bennett H., 263. 
 Wheeler, Kev. D. H., 184. 
 Wheeler, E. G., 317, 349, 428. 
 Wheeler, Edward J., 171. 
 Wheeler, J. E., 50. 
 Wheeler, James, 161. 
 Wheeler, L. N., 372. 
 Wheeler, S. G., 297. 
 Wheeling (W. Va.) papers, 259, 292, 
 
 293. 
 Wheelmen. See Bicyclists. 
 Wheelock, A. A., 224. 
 
 Wheelock, Mrs. A. A., 224. 
 Wheelock, Edgar T., 375, 457, 458. 
 
 Wheelock, Edwin D., 48. 
 
 Wheelock, Herbert B., 278. 
 
 Wheelock, J. A., 129, 131. 
 
 Wheelock, J. H., 375. 
 
 Wheelock, J. W., 278. 
 
 Wheelwright, S. A., 302. 
 
 Whelan, Charles E., 422. 
 
 Whelen, Dennis, 261. 
 
 Whig papers (Ark.), 4; (Conn.), 16; 
 (111.), 53, 59; (Ind.), 62; (Maine), 
 79; (Md.), 86; (Mass.), 88, 93, 113; 
 (Mich.), 121, 123; (Minn.) 130, 131; 
 (N. T.), 152, 159, 160, 163, 173, 
 183, 197, 199, 203, 207; (Ohio), 215, 
 217, 222, 225, 230, 232; (Oregon), 
 236; (Pa.), 237, 248, 252, 257, 259, 
 261; (Tenn.), 268, 270-273; (Vt.), 
 279; (Va.), 280, 281, 287; (Wis.), 
 304, 323, 327, 329, 336, 339, 342, 
 345, 347, 354, 356, 361, 362, 366, 
 369, 387, 389, 396, 400-402, 418, 
 420, 436, 440, 451, 453. 
 
 Whipple, H. A., 451. 
 
 Whipple, W. J., 312, 423, 441, 446. 
 
 Whist Players' papers, 399. 
 
 Whitaker, George E., 109. 
 
 White, A. A., 328. 
 
 White, C. C, 453. 
 
 White, Caroline Earle, 257. 
 
 White, D. N., 259. 
 
 White, Ed. S., 318. 
 
 White, Henry, 169. 
 
 White, Horace, 50, 190. 
 
 White, Horace T., 279. 
 
 White, J. H., 374. 
 
 White, James, 6, 91. 
 
 White, James A., 304. 
 
 White, James S., 392. 
 
 White, James T., National Cyclopedia, 
 214. 
 
 White, Jonathan C, & Son, 76. 
 
 White, Philo, 395, 424. 
 
 White, Richard, 468. 
 
 White, Richard Grant, 203. 
 
 White, S. Austin, 421. 
 
 White, Smeaton, 468. 
 
 White, Thomas, 468. 
 
 White & Derrick, 341. 
 
 White, Henderson & Brown, 279. 
 
 White Plains (N. X.) papers, 210. 
 
 Whitefleld, George, 99. 
 
 Whitehall (N. T.) papers, 210. 
 
 Whitehall (Wis.) papers, 332, 461. 
 
 Whitehead, Mortimer, 217. 
 
 Whitehead, Thomas, 283. 
 
 Whitehill, Osman D., 463. 
 
 [587] 
 
Index 
 
 Whiteside, C. M., 444. 
 WWtestown (N. Y.) papers, 210. 
 Whitewater (Wis.) papers, 415, 461, 
 
 462. 
 Whitford, M. J., 379. 
 Whiting. See Backus & Whiting. 
 Whiting, C. B., 318. 
 Whitman, Chet. M., 313, 451. 
 Whitmore, J. A., 321. 
 Whitman, Walt, 155. 
 Whitney, — , 184. 
 Whitney, Daniel S., 113. 
 Whitney, George L., 120. 
 Whitney, Guy, 440. 
 Whitney, Nelson, 452. 
 Whitney, W. H., 258. 
 Whittemore & Johnson, 263. 
 Whittier, Horace L., 321. 
 Whittier, John G., 21, 244. 
 Wichita (Kans.) papers, 72. 
 Wickersham. See Reed, Wickersham & 
 
 Co. 
 Wickland, Gus, 38. 
 Wickliffe, D. C, 74. 
 Wickliffe, Robert N., 74. 
 Wicklund, Gustav, 49. 
 Wickoff, G. L., 64. 
 Wicks, H. S., 384. 
 Widman, R. M., 136. 
 Widvey, T. J., 361. 
 Wiebiisch, Charles F., 182. 
 Wiegand, O. O., 434. 
 Wiestling, John S., 238. 
 Wight, J. Ambrose, 38. 
 Wight, 0. W., 384. 
 Wight, William W., 383. 
 Wilcox. See Hopkins & Wilcox. 
 Wilcox, A. G., 127. 
 Wilcox, Daniel, 342. 
 Wilcox, George, 313. 
 Wilcox, J. L., 55. 
 Wilcox, L. S., 313. 
 Wilcox, Milton J., 6. 
 Wilcox, W. B., 162. 
 Wilcox & Hamilton, 239. 
 Wild, Robert, 359. 
 Wild, Thad., 390. 
 Wilde, Samuel, 190. 
 Wilder, Amos P., 364. 
 Wilder, D. W., 70. 
 Wilder, S. P., 303. 
 Wiley, J. W., 290. 
 Wiley, John, 434. 
 Wilkes, George, 197. 
 Wilkesbarre (Pa.) papers, 261. 
 Wilkins, Berlah, 23. 
 Wilkins, John H., 273. 
 Wilkins, M. W., 9. 
 
 Wilkinson, A. C, 407. 
 
 Wilkinson, J. H., 433. 
 
 Wilkinson, Gen. James, 73. 
 
 Wilkinson, N. B. ( 324. 
 
 Will, Thomas E., 72. 
 
 Willard. See Fairbanks & Willard. 
 
 Willard, C. D., 4. 
 
 Willard, C. P., 41. 
 
 Willard, Charles W., 278, 395. 
 
 Willard, Cyrus Field, 290. 
 
 Willard, Frances, 51, 102. 
 
 Willard, Frank H., 362. 
 
 Willard, Rev. George L., 382. 
 
 Willard, Mary B., 51. 
 
 Willard, O. A., 303. 
 
 Willard, Van R., 378. 
 
 Willey, Rev. — , 209. 
 
 Willey, George F., 144. 
 
 Willey, H. T., 299. 
 
 Williams, — , 305. 
 
 Williams. See Freneau & Williams. 
 
 Williams, A., 91. 
 
 Williams, Allan T., 451. 
 
 Williams, B. H., 240. 
 
 Williams, Burt, 298. 
 
 Williams, C. B., 287. 
 
 Williams, Charles, 415. 
 
 Williams, Charles D., 61. 
 
 Williams, Charles R., 61. 
 
 Williams, Chauncey K., 279. 
 
 Williams, D. H., 298. 
 
 Williams, David, 166, 184. 
 
 Williams, George, 329. 
 
 Williams, George W., 321. 
 
 Williams, H. L., 302. 
 
 Williams, Henry T., 181. 
 
 Williams, I. D., 221. 
 
 Williams, J. C, 298. 
 
 Williams, J. D., 202. 
 
 Williams, J. M., 302, 454. 
 
 Williams, James, 268. 
 
 Williams, John R., 120. 
 
 Williams, L. F., 291. 
 
 Williams.) O. C, 310.! 
 
 Williams, Peter, 310. 
 
 Williams, R. Asa, 415'. 
 
 Williams, R. M., 333, 415. 
 
 Williams, R. R., 374. 
 
 Williams, Samuel, 279. 
 
 Williams, Samuel H., 40. 
 
 Williams, T. Warsaw, 391. 
 
 Williams, Tom R., 228. 
 
 Williams, W. H., 433. 
 
 Williams, W. S., 13. 
 
 Williams & Bailey, 374. 
 
 Williams & Brown, 292. 
 
 Williams, Morse & Co., 106. 
 
 Williams Bay (Wis.) papers, 462. 
 
 [588] 
 
Ind 
 
 ex 
 
 Williamsburg (Ohio) papers, 234. 
 Williamsburg (Va.) papers, 288, 289. 
 Williamson, L., 406. 
 Willington, Aaron S., 263. 
 Willis. See Powers & Willis. 
 Willis, J. H., 427. 
 Willis, Mrs. Olympla Brown, 427. 
 Willis, Nathaniel, 80, 104, 109, 214, 
 
 283, 289. 
 Willis, Nathaniel P., 170, 178, 185, 186. 
 Willis, W. E., 289. 
 Willoughby. See Thomas & Wllloughby. 
 Wills, Frank, 64. 
 Wllmarth, J. C, 342. 
 Wllmerton & Starbuck, 221. 
 Wilmington (Del.) papers, 18. 
 Wilmington (N. C.) papers, 211. 
 Wilmington (Vt.) papers, 279. 
 Wilmot (Wis.) papers, 462. 
 Wllshire, — , 4. 
 Wilshlre, Gaylord, 202. 
 Wilson, — , 339. 
 Wilson, A. O., 343. 
 Wilson, Alexander C, 199. 
 Wilson, Charles, 206. 
 Wilson, Charles Lush, 39. 
 Wilson, D. Douglas, 23. 
 Wilson, D. W. C, 440, 441, 450. 
 Wilson, E. F., 469. 
 Wilson, E. J., 299. 
 Wilson, Henry, 94. 
 Wilson, J. H., 26. 
 Wilson, J. R., 39. 
 Wilson, J. Stttt, 48. 
 Wilson, James, 219, 232. 
 Wilson, James Grant, 46. 
 Wilson, James W., 36, 47. 
 Wilson, John G., 202. 
 Wilson, Joshua L., 219. 
 Wilson, Piercy, 162. 
 Wilson, Richard Lush, 39. 
 Wilson, Stanley B., 4. 
 Wilson, Thomas, 23. 
 Wilson, Thomas F., 239. 
 Wilson, W. D., 387, 395. 
 Wilson, W. H., 417. 
 Wilson, William, 377. 
 Wilson, William D., 50. 
 Wilson & Co., 165, 202. 
 Wilson, Damrell & Co., 74. 
 Wilson & Masters, 299. 
 Wilson (Wis.) papers, 462. 
 Wilton, Willis, 461. 
 Wiltse, H. A., 356. 
 Wtnans, George, 453. 
 WInans, John, 435. 
 WInehell, S. R., 388, 394. 
 Winchester, E., 176. 
 
 Winchester, E. F., 415. 
 
 Winchester, J., 176. . 
 
 Winchester, Jonas, 187. 
 
 Winchester (Ky.) papers, 75. 
 
 Winchester (Va.) papers, 289. 
 
 Windsor, Miss Leona, 377. 
 
 Windsor (Vt.) papers, 279, 280. 
 
 Windsor (Wis.) papers, 462. 
 
 Winegar, S. C, 347. 
 
 Wines, A. J., 62. 
 
 Winfleld (Kans.) papers, 72. 
 
 Wing, B. F., 461. 
 
 Wing, George W., 293. 
 
 Wing, H. D., 293, 328, 345. 
 
 Wing, Isaac H., 301. 
 
 Wlngate, Charles F., 193. 
 
 Wlnkelman, E. P., 451. 
 
 Winn, J. W., 433. 
 
 Winnecome (Wis.) papers, 462, 463. 
 
 Winnipeg (Man.) papers, 471. 
 
 Winona (Minn.) papers, 132, 133, 331. 
 
 Wlnrich, William, 377. 
 
 Winship, A. E., 106. 
 
 Winsted (Conn.) papers, 18. 
 
 Winston, John C, 246. 
 
 Winther, P. O., 406, 417. 
 
 Wlnthrop, Robert C, 88. 
 
 Wlnthrop (Maine) papers, 82. 
 
 Winton, G. B., 272. 
 
 Wirt, William, 285 ; "Letters of a 
 British spy," 284. 
 
 Wlscasset (Maine) papers, 82. 
 
 Wisconsin papers, 293-463 ; local his- 
 tory, 501 ; constitutional convention, 
 358, 361 ; Historical Society pro- 
 posed, 400 ; necrology, 501 ; regimen- 
 tal papers, 76, 87, 133, 269 ; cavalry 
 mob newspaper office, 432 ; roster, 
 501. 
 
 Wisconsin Territory, capital, 303 ; first 
 paper, 336 ; legislative papers, 358, 
 361. 
 
 Wisconsin Audubon Society, organ, 359. 
 
 Wisconsin Editorial Association, Pro- 
 ceedings, 66. 
 
 Wise. See Tyler, Wise & Allegre. 
 
 Wise, Daniel, 109. 
 
 Wise, John C, 445. 
 
 Wise, Pembroke V., 423. 
 
 Wise, IT. W., 261. 
 
 Wisner, F. O., 307. 
 
 Wisner, Frank O., 332, 348, 349. 
 
 Wisner, Thomas J., 424. 
 
 Witcomb. See Craig & Wltcomb. 
 
 Withee, N. H., 406. 
 
 Withers, R. E., 283. 
 
 Withers, W. S., 375. 
 
 Wlthrow, Thomas F., 342. 
 
 [589] 
 
Index 
 
 Witmer, H. C, 344. 
 
 Wittman, Adolph, 371. 
 
 Wittmann, Walter, 459. 
 
 Wittzack, Emil, 331, 425. 
 
 Wittzack & Rath, 331. 
 
 Wohlgemuth, E. Jay, 218. 
 
 Wolcott, Frederick P., 217. 
 
 Wolcott, J. Jr., 113. 
 
 Wolcott, J. A., 161. 
 
 Wolfe. See Baumann & Wolfe; also 
 Eaper & Wolfe. 
 
 Wolfenburger, A. J., 142. 
 
 Wombaugh & Safford, 18. 
 
 Women's papers (D. C), 26; (Eng.), 
 495; (Ga.), 28, 29; (III.), 48, 51; 
 (Ind.), 63; (Kans.), 68; (Mass.), 
 99, 103, 108; (Nebr.), 141; (N. Y.), 
 160-162, 173, 177, 181, 185, 193, 
 203; (Ohio), 228, 232; (Oregon), 
 236; (Pa.), 241, 247, 249, 251, 257; 
 (Utah), 276; (Wis.), 308, 355, 365, 
 368. See also Suffragist. 
 
 Women's Christian Temperance Union 
 papers, 51, 365, 368. 
 
 Women's Relief Corps, organ, 355. 
 
 Wonewoc (Wis.) papers, 463. 
 
 Wood, A. D., 9. 
 
 Wood, Albert, 363. 
 
 Wood, Amos, 143. 
 
 Wood, Glen P., 450. 
 
 Wood, Henry, 143. 
 
 Wood, J. H., 218. 
 
 Wood, John, 73. 
 
 Wood, John W., 47. 
 
 Wood, P., 76. 
 
 Wood, Thomas, 281. 
 
 Wood, W. W., 320. 
 
 Wood, William, 155, 183. 
 
 Wood Workers' papers, 52, 222. 
 
 Woodard, Lester, 415. 
 
 Woodbridge, William S., 124. 
 
 Woodbury, A. J., 317. 
 
 Woodbury, W. R., 436. 
 
 Woodbury (Ga.) papers, 29. 
 
 Woodle, L. A, 401. 
 
 Woodman, E. E., 300. 
 
 Woodnorth, George R., 455. 
 
 Woodnorth, Jeff., 455. 
 
 Woodruff, W. W., 349. 
 
 Woodruff, William E., 3. 
 
 Woodruff & Pechin, 250. 
 
 Woods, John, 148. 
 
 Woods, William S., 182. 
 
 Woodward, Thomas G., 16. 
 
 Woodward & Spragg, 244. 
 
 Woodworth, Samuel, 181, 185, 202. 
 
 Wooley, Celia P., 52. 
 
 Woolf, Dr. Philip, 96. 
 
 Woolley, John G., 41. 
 
 Woolsey, J. F., 381. 
 
 Woolverton. See Short & Woolverton. 
 
 Woolrich (Eng.) papers, 497. 
 
 Wooster (Ohio) papers, 234. 
 
 Wooten, John J., 29. 
 
 Worcester, — , 435'. 
 
 Worcester, A. F., 411. 
 
 Worcester, Rev. Isaac R., 101. 
 
 Worcester (Mass.) papers, 98, 117, 118. 
 
 Worrell. See Walker & Worrell. 
 
 Worsheim (Germany) papers, 477. 
 
 Worsley, William W., 74, 285. 
 
 Worthington, Roland, 107. 
 
 Worthington (Ohio) papers, 234. 
 
 Wortman, Tunis, 197. 
 
 Wrigglesworth, E. T., 316, 319. 
 
 Wrigglesworth, W. J., 316, 319. 
 
 Wrigglesworth & Blodgett, 318. 
 
 Wright, A. F., 315. 
 
 Wright, A. O., 303, 365, 367. 
 
 Wright, A. R., 27. 
 
 Wright, Amos, 395. 
 
 Wright, Rev. C. B. B., 383. 
 
 Wright, C. E., 343, 344. 
 
 Wright, Edmund, 103. 
 
 Wright, Frances, 175. 
 
 Wright, H. A., 422. 
 
 Wright, H. J., 169. 
 
 Wright, J. Ambrose, 44. 
 
 Wright, J. C, 217. 
 
 Wright, John S'., 44. 
 
 Wright, Julian V., 218. 
 
 Wright, L. B., 454. 
 
 Wright, Rev. Milton, 227. 
 
 Wright, N. D., 317. 
 
 Wright, O. J., 422, 438. 
 
 Wright, P. M., 411. 
 
 Wright, Theodore, 254. 
 
 Wright, Thomas W., 258. 
 
 Wright, Timothy, 50. 
 
 Wuest, Robert, 218. 
 
 Wyandotte (Kans.) papers, 72. 
 
 Wyckoff, C. P., 207. 
 
 Wyly, Robert F., 59. 
 
 Wyman, A. U., 369. 
 
 Wyman, W. W., 361. 
 
 Wymans, W. W., 366, 369. 
 
 Wyocena (Wis.) papers, 463. 
 
 Wyoming papers, 293. 
 
 Xenia (Ohio) papers, 234. 
 
 Yale University papers, 16. 
 Yancey, Francis G., 284. 
 Yancey, R. J., 271. 
 Yankton (S. Dak.) papers, 268. 
 Yankton Indians, agency, 268. 
 
 [590] 
 
Index 
 
 Yanousky, S., 175. 
 
 Yanse, Rev. Harvey D., 167. 
 
 Yarham, W. W., 345. 
 
 Yarnell, Caystile & Mathes, 5. 
 
 Yates & Hull, 333. 
 
 Yeadon, Richard Jr., 263. 
 
 Yeager, George I., 37. 
 
 Yeager & Ormsbee, 37. 
 
 Yenowlne, George H., 399. 
 
 Yerkes, Charles T., '39. 
 
 Yiddish papers, 169, 180, 202, 495. 
 
 also Hebrew and Jewish. 
 Yoemans, — , 3. 
 Yonkers (N. Y.) papers, 210. 
 Yonley, T. D. W., 4. 
 York, L. A., 30. 
 York (Pa.) papers, 247, 262. 
 Yorktown (Pa.) papers, 262. 
 Yorty, Ida M., 308. 
 Yost, S. M., & Sons, 288. 
 Youmans, H. M., 454. 
 Young, A. A., 407. 
 Young, A. W., 457. 
 Young, Alexander, 101. 
 Young, Alfale, 276. 
 Young, Brigham, 276. 
 Young, C. E., 423. 
 Young, Edward S., 262. 
 
 Young, H. W., 69. 
 
 Young, Hiram, 262. 
 
 Young, J. P., 423, 424. 
 
 Young, John Russell, 200, 253. 
 
 Young, M. V. B., 306. 
 
 Young, W. W., 359. 
 
 Young, William, 35, 162. 
 
 Young & Cox, 69. 
 
 Young & Minus, 102. 
 
 Young Men's Christian Association pa- 
 pers, 365, 396. 
 
 Young Peoples' Society of Christian 
 Endeavor. See Christian Endeavor. 
 
 Youngs, Fred M., 220, 326. 
 
 Youngs, George C, 326. 
 
 Youngs, M. L., 391. 
 
 Youngstown (Ohio) papers, 234. 
 
 Zackow, W. C, 435. 
 
 Zahn, H. H., 380, 46». 
 
 Zanda, Joseph H., 348. 
 
 Zander, W. C, 424. 
 
 Zanesville (Ohio) papers, 234. 
 
 Zillier, Carl, 435. 
 
 Zimmermann, H. E., 309. 
 
 Zittau (Germany) papers, 477. 
 
 Zollicoffer, Felix K., 272. 
 
 Zurich (Switzerland) papers, 481. 
 
 [591]