m&m ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY THE GIFT OF Frank Wright QL 696.T6E4T""'™"">"-"'"^ The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924000050777 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWLEDGE. . 317 A CLASSIFICATION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE TROCHILIDJI BY DANIEL GIKAUD ELLIOT, E.K.S.E., Etc. [accepted foe PDBLICATIOH, JANUARY, 1878.] PHILADELPHIA: COLLINS, PRINTER, 705 JAYNE STREET. PREFACE. In" the following Synopsis, I have given every species of Humming-bird known to me, that in my opinion is entitled to a separate rank, and even of these, it is not impossible that future information will compel us to place some of them among the synonymes of others. Although the Family contains a certain number of groups, composed of species having more or less relationship with each other, I have not seen my way clear to the recognition of any subfamiHes, as has been done by other writers. — The PJioeihorniihince, which constitute Mr. Gould's first sub- family, cannot be considered (as restricted by that Ornithologist) as having all the genera particularly related, either in the form, color of plumage, or habits of their different members ; witness, Eutoxeres, Getpus, and Ph^thornis ; nor are any of these so essentially different from all the rest of the Family as to necessitate their separation into a subfamily. Mr. Gould does not give any characters to distinguish the PhcBthornithince from the Trochilince, and I am unable to find any. The fact is, that the Trochilidse is composed of so many groups, whose species have but little in common, that if it is deemed desirable to institute Subfamily divisions, many would be requisite, and I do not see any advantage that could possibly accrue from such a procedure. I have, therefore, not recognized any subfamilies, but have considered all the species as members of one great united Family. Generic division has been carried probably to a greater extreme among these birds than in any other group known in Ornithology, and there remain but com- paratively few species that have not been made to stand at one time or another, as the representative of some so-considered distinct generic form. In the present Synopsis, the recognition of genera has been carried to the farthest limit that seemed practicable, and in every case it has been attempted to give structural characters for the genera which have been acknowledged. Of course, to those Ornithologists who consider that color of plumage is sufficient to establish genera, my treatment will not be acceptable, but in this Family at least, when it is not infrequently observed, that individuals of the same species vary from each other in the hues of their plumage to a great degree, color unsupported cannot be regarded (iii) as worthy of any consideration as a generic character, and, if structural ones exist sufficient for the establishment of a genus, then the hue of the plumage is imma- terial. The arrangement here given of the species composing this Family is, I am well aware very different from all those heretofore proposed. It is not, however, the result of guess or imagination, but has been arrived at by a careful comparison of the different species themselves, for of the 426 acknowledged as distinct in this Synopsis, about 380 are contained in the great collection, by the assistance of which this book has been written, and of the remaining ones, with but few excep- tions, I have carefully examined the types. As has already been said by others, no perfect arrangement of the Family is possible at present, so many links being still needed to fill up the gaps, but the discoveries of late years have given us a much better idea of the Trochilidae than was ever before possible, and many needed desiderata have been obtained, so that for the largest proportion of the Family a tolerably satisfactory arrangement can now be made. Between such genera as Ph^thoenis and Eupetomena, Eustephanus and Aithurus, Thalurania and Mellisuga, Sparganurus and Oxtpogon, and some few others, constituting the end and beginning of their respective sections as given in this Synopsis, we cannot at the present time supply the connecting links, but within the last ten years so many extraordinary and unlooked-for forms have been obtained, that it does not seem too much to believe that among the vast unexplored regions of South America, many of the desired links between the genera mentioned will yet be forthcoming. Although one of the largest groups of birds known in Ornithology, it cannot be considered that we are yet acquainted with all the existing species of the Trochilidae, and it is most probable that perhaps even more gorgeously plumaged and wonderful forms than any known, still remain to be discovered. As some of the conclusions in this Synopsis, particularly in the matter of synonymy, may be contrary to the views of some Ornithologists, I would suggest that the various papers published by me in the Ibis upon this Family be consulted, as my reasons for many of the determinations will be there found given at length. The following is a list of these papers: — Those written with the co-operation of Mr. Salvin. 1. (IStS). The Genus Ph^thornis, p. 1. 2. (18'73). The Genera Pygmornis, Glaucis, and Threnetes, p. 269. 3. (1813). On two species of Trochilidse of the Genus Lophornis, p. 219. 4. (18Y3). The Genus Thalurania, p. 358. Those of which I alone am the author. 5. (1812). The Humming-birds of the West Indies, p. 345. 6. (18'74). Description of a new species of Eucephala, with a list of the known species, p. 87. 7. (1874). Remarks on some Typical Specimens of the Trochilidse, with a description of one new Genus, p. 261. PREFACE. v^ 8. (1814). The Genus Helianthea, p. 330. 9. (1875). The Genera Chlorostilbon and Panyohlora, p. 149. 10. (1876). Remarks on some Type Specimens of Trochilidee from the Museums of Neuchatel and Florence, p. 5. 11. (1876). The Genus Lampkopygia, p. 5.4. 12. (1876). The Genera Cyanomyia and Heliotrypha, p. 311. 13. (1876). The Genera Heliothrix, Calliphlox, Catharma, and Petasophora, p. 394, 14. (1877). Review of the Specimens of Trochilidse in the Paris Museum brought by D'Orbigny from South America, p. 133. 15. (1878). The Genus Thaumatias, Gould (nee Ecshsh., 1829, nee Bon., 1850), p. 35. As some of these Genera will not be met with in the present Synopsis, having been obliged to give way to others possessing the right to priority, or else deemed unnecessary, it will be understood that, as employed in the various papers above mentioned, they are intended to represent the Genera used by Mr. Gould in his Monograph of the Trochilidae. The memoirs having been written for the purpose of critically reviewing the species that had been described, the Genera were taken as given by the above-mentioned Ornithologist. In the present work, both Genera and Species have been critically examined, and it has been found necessary to make some important and very unexpected changes, especially in the first of these divisions ; but it is believed that in every instance a satisfactory explanation is given for thus deviating from the course, which, when judged by the law of priority, had been ascertained to be incorrect, although perhaps sanctioned in some degree by custom. — In every case also, a genus that was in use has been dropped, when found to have been previously employed in some other branch of zoology. The synonymy is that which, in the majority of cases, refers to a passage in the work cited, that gives some desirable information regarding the species. I have not endeavored to make this " exhaustive," as the term is used now-a-days in many instances, and consequently many lists of names and nothing else, and also works where the name of the species alone occurs without any information of importance attached to it, will not be found quoted. The chief exceptions to this are the lists of Bonaparte and Eeichenbach, which, on account of the many genera first proposed in them, could not be passed over. The value of synonymy has not been deemed to consist in its great length.— The same may be said of the descrip- tions of the species. Usually one of a genus has been pretty thoroughly described, but I have thought it best, in the majority of instances, to give simply the differ- ences that may exist in allied species, instead of going over the entire plumage, as this merely necessitates endless repetitions that would speedily become wearisome, and serve no useful purpose. Verbose and complicated descriptions have been carefully avoided, for it is not impossible that, after plodding through such a one, the bewildered reader on arriving at the termination has lost all track of the vi PREFACE. beginning. Like lengthened useless synonymy, such descriptions if possible should be shunned. Humming-birds vary greatly in their dimensions, even among members of the same species, and therefore a specimen cannot be decided to be something else because it does not agree exactly v^ith the measurements of some described species, to the eighth of an inch. The total length means from the point of the bill to the end of the tail. Wing, from the shoulder to end of the longest primary. Tail, from the termination of the caudal vertebrae to the end of longest rectrices measured on top. Culmen, from the termination of the frontal feathers to the point. When considerable difference exists in the dimensions of the sexes, those of the female are given as well as those of the male. In the majority of instances, how- ever, they are too nearly the same to make it necessary that more than one should be recorded, and then that of the female is omitted. The asterisk, placed before the names of certain species, indicates that it is not contained in my collection. — Those who may possess any of these desiderata, and are willing to dispose of them, would oblige me by informing me of the fact, as I am naturally desirious of making the collection as perfect as possible. The drawings which illustrate the generic characters are, with but few excep- tions, all made from specimens contained in my collection. D. G. E. TABLE OF CONTENTS AND LIST OF SPECIES DESCRIBED. Genus 1. Eutoxeres 1. Eutoxeres aquila 2. Eutoxeres heterura . 3. Eutoxeres condamini Genus 2. Rhamphodon ■ 1. Bhamphodon naevius Genus 3. Androdon 1. Androdon sequatorialis Genus 4. Glaucis . 1. Glaucis hirsuta 2. *Glaucis dorhni 3. Glaucis antoniae 4. Glaucis leucurus 5. Glaucis cervinicauda 6. Glaucis ruckeri Genus 5. Doleromya 1. Doleromya fallax Genus 6. Phseoptila 1. PhsBoptila sordida Genus 7. Phaethornis 1. Phsethornis bourcieri 2. Phaethornis philippi 3. Phaethornis yarnqui 4. Phaethornis guyi 5. Phaethornis eniiliae . 6. Phaethornis augusti . 7. Phaethornis pretrii . 8. Phaethornis superciliosus 9. Phaethornis longirostris 10. Phaethornis hispidus 11. Phaethornis syrmatophorus 12. Phaethornis anthophilus 13. Phaethornis eurynome 14. Phaethornis squalidus 15. Phaethornis longuemareus 16. Phaethornis adolphi . 17. Phaethornis griseigularis 18. Phaethornis striigularis 19. Phaethornis idaliae . PAGE PAGE 2 20. Phaethornis pygmaeus . 20 3 21. Phaethornis episcopus . 20 3 22. Phaethornis nigricinctus . 20 3 Genus 8. Eupetomena . . 21 4 1. Eupetomena macroura . 21 4 2. Eupetomena hirundo . 22 5 Genus 9. Sphenoproctus . 22 5 1. Sphenoproctus pampa . 23 5 6 2. Sphenoproctus curvipennis . 23 Genus 10. Campylopterus . 23 7 1. Campylopterus largipennis •. . 24 7 2. Campylopterus obscurus . . 25 7 3. Campylopterus rufus . 25 8 4. *Campylopterus hyperythrus . . 25 8 5. Campylopterus lazulus . . 26 6. Campylopterus hemileucurus . . 26 8 7. Campylopterus ensipennis . 26 9 8. Campylopterus villavicencio . . 27 9. Campylopterus cuvieri 27 9 10 10. Campylopterus roberti . . 28 Genus 11. Apliantochroa . 28 10 1. *Aphantochroa gularis . . 28 12 2. Aphantochroa cirrochloris . 29 12 3. Aphantochroa hyposticta . 29 13 13 Genus 12. Cseligena . 29 13 1. Oaeligena clemenciae . 30 14 2. Caeligena henrici . 30 14 3. Caeligena viridipallens . 31 14 15 16 4. Caeligena hemileuca . 31 Genus 13. Lamprolsema . 32 16 16 17 1. Lamprolaema rhami . . 32 Genus 14. Oreopyra . 33 17 1. Oreopyra calolaema . . 33 18 2. Oreopyra leucaspis . . 33 18 3. Oreopyra cinereicauda . 34 . AO . 19 Genus 15. Oreotrochilus . . 34 . 19 1. Oreotrochilus pichincha . . 35 (vii) Vlll TABLE OF CONTENTS AND LIST OF SPECIES. 2. Oreotrochilus chimborazo 35 3. Oreotrochilus estellse . , . . 36 4. Oreotrochilus leucopleurus 36 5. Oreotrochilus melanogaster 36 6. Oreotrochilus adelse . . . . 37 Genus 16. Lampornis .... 37 1. Lampornis violicauda . . . . 38 2. Lampornis mango 39 3. Lampornis prevosti 39 4. Lampornis viridis 40 5. Lampornis veraguensis . . . . 40 6. Lampornis gramineus 40 7. Lampornis calosoma 41 8. Lampornis dominicua 41 Genus 17. Eolampis .... 42 1. Bulampis holosericeus 42 2. Eulampis jugnlaris .... 43 Genua 18. Lafresnaya .... 43 1. Lafresnaya flavicaudata . . . . 44 2. Lafresnaya gayi .... 44 Genus 19, Chalybura .... 45 1. Chalybura buffoni .... 45 2. *Chalybura urochrysea . 46 3. Chalybura isaurae .... 46 4. Chalybura melanorrhoa . 47 5. Chalybura caBruleiventris 47 Genus 20. Florisnga .... 47 1. Plorisuga mellivora ■ 48 2. Florisnga fusca .... 48 Genus 21. Petasophora .... 49 1. Petasophora anais .... 50 2. Petasophora thalassina . 51 3. Petasophora cyanotis 51 4. Petasophora corruscans . 51 5. Petasophora rubrigularis 51 6. Petasophora serrirostris . 52 7. Petasophora delphinae 52 Genus 22. Panoplites .... . 53 1. Panoplites jardini .... 53 2. Panoplites flavescens . 54 3. Panoplites mathewsi . 54 Genus 23. Phaeolssma .... . 55 1. PhsBolaema rubinoides . 55 2. Phaeolaema sequatorialis . 55 Genus 24. Clytolsema . . 56 1. Clytolsema rubinea .... . 56 2. Clytolsema aurescens 57 Genus 25. lolsema . 57 L *Iol8ema luminosa .... . 58 2. lotema schreibersi .... . 58 3. lolaema frontalis 4. *Iolsema whitelyana Genus 26. Sternoclyta . I. Sternoclyta cyaneipectus Genus 27. Eugenes 1. Eugenes fulgens 2. Eugenes spectabilis . Genus 28, TJrocliroa 1. Urochroa bougueri . Genus 29. Eugenia 1. Eugenia imperatrix Genus 30. Lampraster . 1. *Lampraster branicki Genus 31, Heliodoxa 1. Heliodoxa jacula 2. Heliodoxa jamesoni 3. Heliodoxa leadbeateri Genus 32. Pterophanes • 1. Pterophanes temminckii Genus 33. Patagona 1. Patagona gigas Genus 34. Docimastes . 1. Docimastes ensiferus Genus 35. DipUogsena . 1. Diphlogaena iris 2. Diphlogsena hesperus Genus 36. Helianthea . 1. Helianthea Isaacsoni 2. Helianthea typica . 3. Helianthea bonapartii 4. Helianthea eos 5. Helianthea lutitise . 6. Helianthea violifera 7. Helianthea osculans 8. Helianthea dichroura Genus 37. BouTcieria 1. Bourcieria inoa 2. Bourcieria conradi . 3. Bourcieria insectivora 4. Bourcieria fulgidigula 5. Bourcieria torquata 6. Bourcieria traviesi . 7. Bourcieria wilsoni . 8. *Bourcieria purpurea 9. Bourcieria assimilis . 10. Bourcieria prunelli . II. Bourcieria caeligena PAGE 59 59 59 60 60 60 61 61 62 62 62 63 63 63 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 73 74 74 75 76 76 76 77 77 77 78 79 TABLE OF CONTENTS 12. Bourcieria columbiana . 13. Bourcieria boliviaua Genus 38. Hemistephania 1. Hemistephania johanuse . 2. Hemistephania ludoviciae 3. Hemistephania rectirostris 4. Hemistephania euphrosinae 5. Hemistephania veraguensis Genus 39. Floricola 1. Florieola longirostris 2. Florieola albicrissa . 3. Florieola constant! . 4. Florieola leocadiee . Genus 40. Lepidolarynz 1. Lepidolarynx mesoleucua Genus 41. Heliomaster . 1. Heliomaster furcifer Genus 42. Heliotr3rplia . 1. Heliotrypha viola . 2. Heliotrypha exortis 3. Heliotrypha micrastur 4. Heliotrypha barrali Geuus 43. Heliangelus . 1. Heliangelus clarissae 2. Heliangelus strophianus . 3. Heliangelus spencei 4. Heliangelus amelhysticollis 5. Heliangelus mavors Genus 44. TJrosticte 1. Urosticte rufierissa . 2. Urosticte benjamin! Genus 45. Eustephanus . 1. Eustephanus galeritus 2. Eustephanus fernandensis 3. Eustephanus leyboldi Genus 46. Topaza 1. Topaza pell a . 2. Topaza pyra . Genus 47. Aithums 1. Aithurus polytmus . Genus 48- Hylonympha 1. Hylonympha maorocerca Genus 49. Thalurania ■ 1. Thalurania glaucopis 2. Thalurania columbica 3. Thalurania furcata . 4. Thalurania furcatoides 5. Thalurania nigrofasciata B March, 1879. 79 79 80 80 81 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 84 85 86 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 90 91 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 96 96 97 97 98 99 99 99 100 100 AND LIST OF SPECIES. ix PAaE 6. *Thalurania jelskii . . 101 7. *Thalurania watertoni . 101 8. Thalurania refulgens . 101 9. Thalurania eriphile . . 101 10. Thalurania hypochlora . . 102 11. Thalurania bicolor . . 102 Genus 50. Mellisuga . 103 1. Mellisuga minima . . 103 Geffus 51. Microchera . . 104 1. Microchera albocoronata . . 104 . 2. Microchera parvirostris . . 104 Genus 52. Trochilus . 105 1. Trochilus colubris . . 105 2. Trochilus alexandr! . . 106 Genus 53. Calypte . . 106 1. Calypte costae . . 107 2. Calypte annae . . 107 3. Calypte helenae . 108 Genus 54. Selasphorus ■ . 108 1. *Selasphorus floresii . 109 2. Selasphorus platycercus . . 109 3. Selasphorus ardens . . 110 4. Selasphorus flammula . 110 5. Selasphorus rufus . . 110 6. Selasphorus scintilla _ . Ill 7. Selasphorus henshawi . Ill 8. Selasphorus torridus . 112 Genus 55. Catharma . 112 1. Catharma orthura . . 112 Genus 56. Atthis . . 113 1. Atthis heloisse . . 113 2. Atthis ellioti . . 114 Genus 57. Stellula . . 114 1. Stellula calliope . 115 Genus 58, Rhodopis . 115 1. Rhodopis vesper . 115 2. *Ehodopis atacamensis . . 116 Genus 59. Heliactin . 116 1. Heliactin cornuta . . 116 Genus 60. Calothorax . . 117 1. Calothorax pulchra . . 118 2. Calothorax lucifer . . lis' Genus 61. Acestrura . 119 1. Acestrura mulsanti . . 119 2. *Acestrura decora ta . 119 3. Acestrura heliodori . . 120 4. *Acestrura micrura . 120 X TABLE OF CONTENTS AND LIST OP SPECIES. PAGE PAGE Genus 62. ChsBtocercns ■ . 120 Genus 74. Loddigesia . . 144 .1. Chaetooercus jourdani . 121 1. *Loddigesia mirabilis . 145 2. Chaetocercus rosie . . 121 3. Chaetocercus bombus . 122 Genus 75. Lesbia • . 145 1. Lesbia gouldi . . 146 Genus 63. Thaumastura . 122 2. Lesbia nuna . 147 1. "Thaumastura cora . . 123 3. Lesbia eucharis . 147 4. Lesbia amaryllis . 148 Genus 64. Doricha .... 1. Doricha enicura . 123 . 124 Genus 76. Zodalia • . 149 1. *Zodalia ortoni . 149 2. Doricha elizse .... . 125 3. Doricha bryantae . 125 2. *Zodalia glyceria . . 150 4. Doricha evelynse 5. Doricha lyrura . 125 . 126 Genus 77. Cynanthus . 150 1. Cynanthus forflcatus . 151 Genus 65. Myrtis .... . 126 2. Cynanthus mocoa . . 152 1. Myrtis fanny .... . 127 Genus 78. Sappho . 1. Sappho sparganura . . 153 2. Myrtis yarrelli . 127 . 154 Genus 66. Tilmatura . 128 2. Sappho phaon . . 154 1. Tilmatura duponti . . 128 3. *Sappho caroli . 155 Genus 67. Smaragdochrysis . . 129 Genus 79. Oxypogon . 155 1. Smaragdochrysis iridescens . . 129 1. Oxypogon lindeni . . 156 2. Oxypogon guerini . . 156 Genus 68. Ptochoptera . . 129 1. *Ptochoptera iotema . 130 Genus 80. Oreonympha • . 157 1. Oreonympha nobilis . 157 Genus 69. Calliphlox . . 130 1. Calliphlox amethystina . . 130 Genus 81. Rhamphomicron ■ . 158 2. Calliphlox mitchelli . . 131 1. Bhamphomicron olivaceus . 158 2. Bhamphomicron heteropo gon . . . 158 Genus 70. lophomis . 131 3. Bhamphomicron herrani . 159 1. Lophornis stictolophus . . 133 4. Ehamphomiccon Stanley! . 159 2. Lophornis delattrii . . 133 5. Bhamphomicron ruficeps . 160 3. Lophornis regulus . . 133- 6. Bhamphomicron microrhy nchum . .160 4. Lophornis ornatus . . 134 5. Lophornis gouldi . 134 Genus 82. Avocettinus • . 161 6. Lophornis magnificus . 135 1. Avocettinus eurypterus . 161 7. Lophornis helense . 135 8. Lophornis adorabilis . 135 Genus 83. Avocettula . 162 9. Lophornis verreauxi . 136 1. Avocettula recurvirostris . 162 10. Lophornis chalybea . 136 Genus 84. Metallura . 163 Genus 71. Gouldia .... . 137 1. Metallura opaca . 163 1. Gouldia popelairii . . 138 2. Metallura jelski . 1C4 2. Gouldia laiigsdorffi . . 138 3. *Metallura chloropogon . 164 3. Gouldia conversi . 139 4. Metallura eupogon . . 164 4. Gouldia laetitiae . 139 5. Metallura aeneicauda . 165 6. Metallura primolina . 165 Genus 72. Discura .... . 140 7. Metallura williami . . 165 1. Discura longicanda . . 140 8. Metallura tyrianthina . 166 9. Metallura smaragdinicolli s . . .166 Genus 73. Steganura . 141 1. Steganura underwoodi . 142 Genus 85. Chrysuronia • . 167 2. Steganura melananthera . . 142 1. Chryauronia humboldti . 168 3. Steganura solstitialis . 142 2. Chrysuronia senone . . 168 4. Steganura peruana . . 143 3. Chrysuronia josephinae . 169 5. Steganura addae . 143 4. Chrysuronia eliciae . . 169 6. *Steganura cissiura . 144 5. Chrysuronia chrys.ura . 169 TABLE OF CONTENTS AND LIST OF SPECIES. XI Genus 86. Augastes PAGE . 170 12. Eriocnemis chrysorama PAGE . 193 1. Augastes lumachellus . 170 13. Eriocnemis.godini . . 193 2. Augastes superbus . . 171 14. Eriocnemis vestita . . 193 15. Eriocnemis smaragdinipe Qtus . . .194 Genus 87. PhlogopMlus . 171 16. Eriocnemis nigrivestis . . . . 194 1. Phlogophilus hemileucurus . 172 17. Eriocnemis dyselius . . 194 Genus 88. ScMstes .... . 172 Genus 99. Panterpe . 195 1. Schistes personatus . . 173 1. Panterpe insignis . . 195 2. Schistes geoffroyi . . 173 Genus 100. XJranoiiiitra . 195 Genus 89. Heliothrix . . 174 1. Uranomitra quadricolor . 196 1. Heliothrix auritus . . 174 2. Uranomitra violiceps . 196 2. Heliothrix auriculatus . . 175 3. Uranomitra viridifrons . 197 3. Heliothrix barroti . . 175 4. Uranomitra cyanocephala . 197 5. Uranomitra microrhynchs I . . .197 Genus 90. Chrysolampis . 176 6. Uranomitra francise . 197 1. Chrysolampis moscMtus . . 176 7. *Uranomitra cyanicollis . 198 Genus 91. Bellona .... . 178 Genus 101. leucippus . . 198 1. Bellona cristata . 178 1. Leucippus chionogaster . 199 2. Bellona exilis .... . 179 2. Leucippus chlorocercus . 199 Genus 92. Cephalolepis . . 179 Genus 102. Lencochloris . 200 1. Cephalolepis delalandi . 180 1. Lencochloris albicollis . 200 2. Cephalolepis loddigesi . 180 Genus 103. Agyrtria . . 201 Genus 93. Adelomyia . 181 1. Agyrtria niveipectus . 202 1. Adelomyia cervina . . 181 2. Agyrtria leucogaster . 202 2. Adelomyia inornata . l&l 3. Agyrtria viridiceps . . 203 3. Adelomyia chlorospila . 182 4. Agyrtria milleri . 203 4. Adelomyia melanogenys . . 182 5. Agyrtria Candida . . 203 6. *Agyrtria norrisii . . 204 Genus 94. Anthocephala . 183 7. Agyrtria brevirostris . 204 1. *Anthocephala floriceps . . 183 8. *Agyrtria compsa . . 204 9. *Agyrtria neglecta . 205 Genus 95. Abeillia .... . 183 10. Agyrtria bartletti . . 205 1. Abeillia typica . 184 11. *Agyrtria nitidifrons . 205 12. *Agyrtria coeruleiceps . 206 Genus 96. Klais .... . 184 13. Agyrtria tephrocephala . 206 1. Klais guimeti .... . 184 14. Agyrtria tobaci . 206 15. Affyrtria fluviatilis . . 207 Genus 97. Aglseactis . 185 16. Agyrtria apicalis . 207 1. Aglseactis cupripennis . 186 17. *Agyrtria maculicauda . . 207 2. Aglseactis caumatonota . . 186 18. *Agyrtria Incise . 208 3. Aglseactis castelnaudi . 187 19. Agyrtria nigricauda . 208 4. Aglseactis pamela . . 187 20. Agyrtria nitidicauda . 208 Genus 98. Eriocnemis . . 188 Genus 104. Arinia ■ . 209 1. Eriocnemis derbiana . 189 1. *Arinia boucardi . 209 2. Eriocnemis assimilis . 189 3. Eriocnemis aurelise . . 190 Genus 105. Elvira . . 210 4. Eriocnemis squamata . 190 1. Elvira cupreiceps . . 210 6. Eriocnemis lugens . . 190 2. Elvira chionura . 210 6. Eriocnemis alinse . 191 7. Eriocnemis mosquera . 191 Genus 106. Callipharus . 211 8. *Eriocnemis glaucopoides . 191 1. Callipharus nigriventris . 211 9. Eriocnemis luciani . . 192 10. Eriocnemis cupreiventris . 192 Genus 107. Eupherusa . . 212 11. *Eriocnemis sapphiropygia . 193 1. Eupherusa poliocerca . 212 xii TABLE OF CONTENTS AND LIST OF SPECIES. PAGE PAGE 2. Bupherusa eximia . . 212 8. *Eucephala chlorocephala . 231 3. Eupherusa egregia . 213 9. *Eucephala cyanogenys . . 231 Genus 108. Polytmus • 1. Polytmus thaumantias . 213 . 214 Genus 112. Timolia 1. Timolia lerchi .... . 231 . 232 2. Polytmus viridissimus 3. Polytmus leucorrhous . 214 . 215 Genus 113. Juliamyia • 1. Juliamyia typica . 232 . 233 2. Juliamyia feliciana . . 233 Genus 109. Amazilia . . ■ ■ . 216 1. Amazilia pristiua . . 217 Genus 114. DamopMla . . 233 2. Amazilia leuoophsea . 218 1. Damophila amabilis . 234 3. Amazilia alticola .... . 218 4. Amazilia dumerili .... . 218 Genus 115. lache .... . 234 5. Amazilia cinnamomea . 219 1. lache latirostris . 235 6. *Amazilia graysoni .... . 219 2. lache magica .... . 235 7. Amazilia yucatanensis . . 219 3. lache doubledayi . 235 8. Amazilia fusuioaudata . 220 9. Amazilia viridiventris . 220 Genus 116. Hylocharis • . 236 10. *Amazilia ocai .... 221 1. Hylocharis lactea . . . . . 236 11. Amazilia beryllina . . 221 2. Hylocharis sapphirjna . 236 12. Amazilia edwardi . . 221 3. Hylocharis cyanea . . . . . 237 13. Amazilia niveiveiitris . 222 14. Amazilia marise . 222 Genus 117. Cyanophaia . 237 15. *Amazilia cyanura . 16. *Amazilia iodura . 223 . 223 1. Cyanophaia ciEi-uleigularis 2. Cyanophaia goudoti . 238 . 239 17. Amazilia lucida . 223 3. *Oyanophaia luminosa . 239 18. Amazilia erythronota . 224 Genus 118. SporJadinus . . 240 19. Amazilia feliciae . 224 1. *Sporadinus braoei . . 240 20. Amazilia sophiaB . 224 2. Sporadinus elegans . . 241 21. Amazilia warszewiczi . 225 3. Sporadinus riccordi . . 241 22. Amazilia saucerottii . 225 4. Sporadinus maugaei . . 242 23. Amazilia cyanifrons . 225 24. *Amazilia elegans . . 226 Genus 119. Chlorostilbon . 242 1. Chlorostilbon auriceps . 243 Genus 110. Basilinna . 226 2. Chlorostilbon caniveti . 243 1. Basilinna leucotis . 227 3. Chlorostilbon pucherani . . 244 2. Basilinna xanthusi . . 227 4. Chlorostilbon splendidus . . 244 5. Chlorostilbon haberlini . . 245 Genus 111. Eucephala • . 227 6. Chlorostilbon angustipennis . 245 1. Eucephala grayi . 228 7. Chlorostilbon atala . . 246 2. *Eucephala smaragdo-cserulea . . 229 8. Chlorostilbon prasinus . 246 3. *Eucephala cseruleo-lavata . 229 4. *Eucephala scapulata . 229 Genus 120. Panychlora • . 247 5. *Eucephala hypocyanea . . 230 1. Panychlora poortmani . . 247 6. Eucephala subcserulea . 230 2. Panychlora alicije . . 248 7. Eucephala cserulea . . 230 3. *Panychlora stenura . 248 CLASSIFICATION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE TROCHILIDJ]. Class AVES. Division PSILOP^DES. Young at birth, helpless, and up to the period of the growth of the feathers, entirely naked, the down being very sHght, and not covering the skin. Incapable of feeding themselves, life is sustained by the introduction of food into the throat by means of the parents' bill. The nest is occupied until the birds are full grown. Order Maorochires. Picarian birds, with the palate nearly CEgithognathous ;* possessing but one carotid artery, the sinistra; a nude oil-gland, and no coeca. The femoro-caudal, and arabiens muscles, are alone present ; the flexor longus hallucis, independent of the flexor perforans digitorum ; tensor patagii brevis, pterylosis, and sternum, charac- teristic. Second, third, and fourth toes directed forwards, the hallux backwards. Family TROCHILID^. Body small, sometimes minute, bill varying from feeble to rather stout, generally longer than the head (in one instance exceeding the entire length of the body), usually straight (in one case curved to the extent of a third of a circle), with the tomia inflected, and a short gape devoid of bristles. Nostrils basal, linear, covered by an operculum, sometimes hidden in frontal feathers. Tongue slender, capable of great extension (the cornua of the hyoid curving around and over the back of the skull), and consists of two minute parallel tubes. Wings narrow, pointed, fal- cate ; the primaries (which are ten in number) , stiff and long, the secondaries very short. The raanus is very long and the humerus extremely short, enabling the wing to be moved with great rapidity. Sternum large with an extremely deep ' Humming-birds and Goatsuckers are Insessonial Schizognaths. Parker, Trans. Linu. Soc, Vol. I. ZooL, 2d ser, p. 100, 1876. 1 April, 1878. ( \ ) 2 SYNOPSIS or THE HUMMING-BIRDS. keel. Tail, always of ten feathers, various in shape and size, in some cases exceed- ing the body in length, in others so short as to be hardly perceptible ; the rectrices varying from broad and even, to the shape of spines ; tips sometimes spatulate. Tarsi short, either naked, moderately clothed, or completely hidden in tufts of downy feathers. Feet small, toes usually short, the claws curved, sharp, and rather large. Feet used for perching, not for progression, the wings being the instruments em- ployed for almost every change of position. Plumage from plain, even sombre tints, to the most gorgeously brilliant metallic hues known among created things ; the iridescent feathers, however, being, in the majority of instances, observable only in the males.^ I commence my arrangement of the Family with the genus Eutoxeres, which is an aberrant form, not especially allied to any of the known genera, the curious bills of the different species giving them a position apart from the rest of the Trochilidse. They are large birds, with but little metallic coloring upon any part of their plumage. Genus I.— EUTOXERES. Type. T. aquila, Bourc. T. aquila, Bourc. Fig. 1. Eutoxeres, Eeich., Syst. Av. Nat., t. xl (1849). Myicetina, Bon., Rev. Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Ch. Bill greatly curved, forn^ing nearly one-third of a circle ; wide at base, narrow- ing suddenly and becoming compressed laterally ; man- dible entirely hidden in maxilla, except at the point. Cutting edges of bill, not ser- rated. Tail cuneate, feathers pointed. Feet large, tarsi bare. Sexes alike in plum- age. Range. Costa Rica, Veragua, Columbia, Ecuador. Three species are here recognized. Key to the species. A. Strise on feathers of the throat and breast buffy-white, on abdomen pure white. 1. E. aquila. Eutoxeres aquUa. Bogota. Gould. B. Striae on lower parts light buff. C. Tail, with lateral rectrices deep buff. 2. E. heterura. 3. E. condamini. These birds are remarkable for their greatly curved bills. The plumage is gene- rally sombre, and nearly devoid of metallic hues. ' See Appendix, p. 249, for Key to the Genera. EUTOXERES. 1. Sutoseres aquila. Trocliilus aquila, BonRC, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1847), p. 42. Eutoxeres aquila, Eeioh., Syst. Av. Nat., t. xl (1849).— Id., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 15 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enumer., p. 12 (1855).— GoDLD, Mon. Troch., vol. i, p. 111.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 36.— Cab. and Hbin.,. Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 3 (note) (I860).— Mui.s., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 27. Polytmus aquila, Gray, Gen. B., vol. i, p. 108, sp. 39 (1844-49). Myicetina aquila, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854) p. 249. Eutoxeres salvini, Gould, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. i, p. 458 (1868), ex Veragua. Hob. Costa Rica (eastern side), Veragua, Columbia. Adult. Top of head and occiput brownish-black, feachers tipped slightly with buff. Upper parts dark shining green; wings purple; under parts brownish-black, striated with buffy-white on the throat and breast, pure white on abdomen and flanks. Median rectrices shining dark green tipped with white. Lateral ones dark green on outer webs, brownish-green on inner, and broadly tipped with white. Maxilla black; mandible flesh-color. Total length, b-f-^ in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, 2j3^ in. Culmen, 1^^^ in. I cannot perceive that the difference of coloration pointed out by Mr. Gould is of sufficient importance to separate the Veraguan birds specifically from those of Columbia, and have therefore placed the E. salvini as a synonym of E. aquila. 2. Eutoxeres heterura. Eutoxeres heterura, Gould, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. i, p. 455 (1868). Hab. Ecuador. Exactly like the preceding, E. aquila, except that the striae upon the feathers of the under parts are bright buff. This difference is apparently constant. Dimensions the same. 3. Eutoxeres condamini. Trochilus condamini, Bourc, Compt. Rend., torn. 32, p. 186 (1851).— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1851), p. 186. Myioetina condamini, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Eutoxeres condamini, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 4. — Id., Intr. Mon. Troch., octavo ed., p. 37. — Reich., Aufz. der Col., p. 15 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enumer., p. 12 (1855).— Oab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 3 (note 2), (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 29. Hah. Ecuador. Easily distinguished from the other two species of the genus, by the coloring of the rectrices. The median ones are dark shining green, tipped with white ; next on either side, blackish-brown tipped with white, remainder deep buff, graduating into white at the tips. Total length, 6^^^ in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, 2^^ in. Culmen, ly^- in. Description takeu from the type in my collection. SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Type. T. ncevius, Dumont. T. ncevius, Dumont. Fig. 2. Genus II.— RHAMPHODON. Grypus, Spix. (nee Germ., 1817,, Coleop.), Av. Spec. Nov. (1824), p. 79. Ehamphodon, Less., Ind. Gen. Ois. du Genre. Troch. (1832), p. viii. Ch. Bill nearly twice the length of the head, curved; edges of mandibles in the male serrated near the tip which is hooked: culmen compressed at base. Mandible of female curving slightly upwards near the tip, leaving an open space between it and the maxilla at this part. Tail slightly rounded. Wings long and ample. Size large. Sexes alike, in plumage. Mange. Southern Brazil. The term Grypus, bestowed upon the T. ncevius, Dumont, having been employed seven years previously for a genus of Coleoptera, cannot be again used here, and therefore, Ehamphodon of Lesson is the one to be adopted. The species, included in the present genus and in the one following, are closely allied. They are large birds, with bills strongly serrated near the tips, and have but little metallic coloring. Indeed Ehamphodon does not possess any. Wiampliodon nthvius, 24787. Brazil. '-4^ 1. Rhamphodon naevius. Trochilus ncevius, Dumont, Diet. Sc. Nat., torn, xvii, p. 432. Grypus ruficollts, Spix., Av. Bras., vol. i, p. 79, tab. 80, fig. 3 (1824). Rhamphodon maculatum. Less., Colib., p. 18, t. i (1831). — Id., Ind. Gen. Ois. du Genr. Troch. p. viii (1831), Rhamphodon ncevius, Reioh., Aufz. der Oolib., p 15 (1853). — Id., Trocli. Enum., p. 12 (1855). — Gab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 3 (1860). Grypus ncevius, Gould, Men. Troch., vol. i, pi. 1. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 35 (1861). — Gray, Gen. B., vol. i, p. 105.— Bon., Oonsp. Av., vol. i, p. 147 (1850). — Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Hah. Southeastern Brazil. Male. Top of head dark brown, superciliary stripe buff; ear-coverts and lores blackish-brown. Upper surface greenish-brown, each feather margined with light brown, Wings purple. Chin and a line down the centre of the throat black, each feather margined with pale buff. Sides of throat reddish-buff. Under parts black, the feathers on the upper part of the breast conspicuously edged with white; abdo- men and flanks blackish-brown, feathers edged with buff. Under tail-coverts buff, streaked with dark brown in the centre. Median rectrlces reddish-bronze darkest at the tip, next also bronze tipped with buff, which runs in an oblique direction, is most extensive on the outer webs, and occupies the half of the outermost feather. Total length, 6 in. Wins 2|in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, l-J^ in. There is no difference in the plumage of the sexes, but the female has a more slender bill, without hook or serrations. A N D E D N — G L A U C I S . Genus III.— ANDEODON. Androdon, Gould, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3d ser. (18C3), p. 247 Gh. Bill twice as long as head, straight, broad at base, tapering to a point. Cutting edges ser- rated, tip hooked. Wings long, reaching nearly to the end of the tail, which is rather short, broad, and rounded. Feet moderate; tarsi naked. Size large. Range. Ecuador. Type. A. mquatorialis, Gould. Fig. 3. AndroUon aeguataridlia S J]oaador. ^.tionld, 1r^;pe. 1. Androdon sequatorialis. Androdon cequatoriaKs, Gotjld, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3d ser. (1863), p. 247. Grypus aequatorialis, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 32, pi. — . Hah. Ecuador. Male. Bill long, straight, hooked at point, serrated on the edges of both maxilla and mandible. Forehead dark gray, feathers tipped with metallic grass-green; occiput and nape metallic dark blue. Back, bright metallic light grass-green. Eump white, a few dark blue feathers on the edge of the green of the back. Under parts white, edges of feathers blackish-brown. Under tail coverts olive- green, central part and tips of feathers white. Wings dark purple. Tail, median feathers greenish-gray, tipped with dark green ; lateral feathers greenish-gray, with a subterminal bar of dark green, tips white. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color. "Total length, 5^ in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, If in. The female differs in the coloration of the head, which has the forehead dark purplish-brown, top of head bronze, occiput dark metallic green. The genus Glaucis naturally follows Androdon. The species comprised in it are birds of moderate size, and of plain plumage. I have placed in it some species heretofore separated under the term Threnetes, as, with the exception of color, by which, indeed, they themselves were not at all assimilated (witness antonice and leucurus), they do not possess, so far as I can see, any characters to give them a distinctive generic rank. Genus IV.— GLAUCIS. Glaucis, Bote, Isis (1831), p. 545. Threnetes, Godi.d, Intr. Trooh., octavo ed. (1861), p. 40. Dnophera, Heine, Journ. fur Ornith. (1863), p. 175. Type. T. hirsutus, Gmel. T. leucurus, Linn. T. antonice, Bourc. and Muls, SYNOPSIS or THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Gh. Bill long, much curved, stout, high at base. Wings long, narrow. Tail moderate, rounded, feathers pointed in young. Sexes alike in plumage. Range. Central America, Venezuela, Guiana, Brazil, Columbia, and Ecuador. Six species belong to this genus, according to my views. Pig. 4. Glaucia Idreutua. Merida, Venezuela. Goering. A. Under parts buff. a. Tail chestnut, with a subterminal black bar, tips white. Median rectrices shining green, tip white. 1. O. Mrsuta. b. Tail reddish-bronze, tip whitish. 2. G. dorhni. B. Throat black. a. Tail green with light edges. 3. G. antonise. b. Tail with central feathers green, tips white, lateral ones white mar- gined more or less with blackish-brown. 4. G. leucurus. c. Tail, median feathers green, rest buff margined with blackish-brown on the outer ones. 5. G. cervinicauda. d. Tail, median feathers dark green, lateral ones pure white, with a very- broad subterminal black band. 6. G. ruckeri. 1. Glaucis hirsnta. Trochilus Mrsutus, Gmel., Syst. Nat., torn, i, p. 490 (1788). Trochilus hrasiliensis, Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 308, sp. 23 (1790). Trochilus ferrugineus, Wied., Beitr., vol. iv., p. 120, sp. 21. Trochilus mazeppa, Less., Troch., p. 18, pi. 3 (1831). Trochilus superciliosus, Less., Colib., t. 6, J? (1831). Glaucis hirsuta, Boie, Isis (1831), p. 545.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 15.— Id., Troch. Enum. (1855), p. 12.— BoN., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 4 (1860).- GoDLD, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 5. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 38 (1861). — Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 276.— MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn. i. p. 39. Trochilus dominicus, Light, (nee Linn.), Doublt., p. 10, sp. 110. Polytmus hirsutus, Gray, Gen. B., vol. i, p. 108, sp. 83 (1844-49). Glaucis mazeppa, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i., pi. 6. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 38. — Reich., Anfz. der Colib., p. 15.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12.— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Glaucis melanura, Gould, P. Z. S. (1860), p. 364. — Id., Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 9. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 39 (1861). Glaucis lanceolata, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 8.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 39. Glaucis cenea, Lawe., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc, Phil. (1867), p. 232. Ilab. Costa Kica to Eio de Janeiro, along the eastern coast of South America. Islands of Tobago and Trinidad. Adult. Entire upper surface and sides of the neck, shining green, suffused with dark brown on the head. Wings purplish-brown; under surface varying from chestnut-red to buff. Tail rounded ; median rectrices shining green tipped with white. Bill, maxilla black, mandible flesh-color. Total length, 4| in. Wing, Tail, 1| in. Culmen, 1^ in. The young birds have the tail feathers sharply pointed, and the black subterminal 21 in GLAUCIS. 7 bar is very conspicuous, but as they grow older the rectrices lose their pointed tips, and become more and more rounded, and the black bar grows narrower, sometimes becoming obsolete. dv^H'^ v//^>///^ / 2. *Glaucis dorhni. Trochilus dorhnii, Bourc, Ann. Soc. Sci., Lyon (1852), J. Orypus sptxi, Gould, P. Z. S. (1860), p. 304.— Id., Mod. Troch., pi. 2, vol. i.— Id., Intr. Mon. Troch. p. 35, % . Glaucis dorhni, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 1. — Id., Intr. Mon. Troch., octavo ed., p. 39, J?. — Salt, and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 276.— Reich., Aufz. der Golib., p. 15 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855).— MuLs., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 44 — Cab. and Hein., Mas. Hein. Th., iii, p. 4 (note 2). — Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Sab. Brazil. I place this species in the present genus, because the bill does not appear to have the peculiar hook, characteristic of Bhamphodon, nor do the mandibles possess more serration on their edges than is perceived in the majority of humming-birds. See our remarks in the Ibis, 1873, p. 276. This bird is easily distinguished by the colouring of the tail ; it resembles the G. Mrsuta, but has all the rectrices reddish- bronze, the females tipped with white, most extensive on the outermost feather. Total length, 4| in. "Wing, 2f in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, 1| in. 3. Glaucis antoniae. Trochilus antonice, Bourc. and Muls., Ann. Soc. Agric, Lyon (1846), p. 329. Lampornis antonice, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i (1850), p. 72 Aphantochroa antonice, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 15 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). Polytmus antonice, Gkat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 37. Threnetes antonias, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 15. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 40. — Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 278. JDnophera antonice, Heine, Journ. fiir Ornith. (1863), p. 175. Glaucis antonice, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 46. Sab. Cayenne. Throat black, sometimes a light band across the upper part of breast, entire rest of plumage very dark greenish-bronze, in some specimens almost black. Central rectrices shining dark green; lateral ones purplish-brown glossed with green. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, If in. Culmen, 1 in. 4. Glaucis leucurus. Trochilus leucurus, Linn., Syst. Nat. (1766), vol. i, p. 190.— Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i, p. 487.— D'Okb, and Lapres, Syn. Av. ii, p. 32, sp. 29 (1838). White-tailed Humming-bird, Lath., Gen. Syn., vol. ii, p. 757.— Id., Gen. Hist. Birds, vol. iv, p. 308. Polytmus leucurus, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108 (1844^9). Glaucis leucurus, Bon., Gonsp. Gen. Av., p. 67 (1850).-Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 49. Threnetes leucurus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 13.-Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 40.-Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249.— Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 15 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855).- Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 277.— Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 142. Sab. Surinam. Upper surface and median rectrices shining green. Wings purple, lateral feathers white, margined and stained more or less with dark brown, most extensive on the 8 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. outermost feather. Lores and auriculars brown. Chin and throat black, bordered on each side by a line of white. A band of reddish-buff crosses the lower part of the throat. Breast and flanks shining green, abdomen grayish-buff. Under tail coverts olive-green margined narrowly with buff. Maxilla black, mandible flesh- color, tip black. Total length, 4^ in. Wing, 21 in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, 1 in. ', 5. Grlaucis cervinicauda. Threnetes cervinicauda, Gould, P. Z. S. (1854), p. 109.— Id., Mod. Troch., vol. i, pi. 14— Id., Intr. Troch. octavo ed., p. 40.— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 278. J3dh. Upper Amazon, Ecuador, Columbia. This species is almost precisely the same as the preceding, and it is rather difficult to tell them apart. The chief and only difference is that the tail of this bird is buff, where the other is white, but I have specimens from Surinam of G. leucurus, which also have buff on the rectrices. I think that with a sufficiently large series of specimens to enable a satisfactory opinion to be formed, it will be found that individuals of the two species, as usually considered, are in reality but representatives of a single one, with a wide dispersion. Total length, 5 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, 1^ in. 6. Glaucis ruckeri. Trochilus ruckeri, Bouec, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 45. Polytmus ruclceri, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108. Threnetes ruckeri, Eeich., Aufz. Colib., p. 15. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12. — Bofr., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Glaucis ruckeri, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 11. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 40. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 4 (note 3) (I860).— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 278.— Muls., Kist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 47. Olaucis fraseri, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 12. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 40 (1861). Hob. Central America, Ecuador. Upper parts shining green, brown on the head ; upper tail feathers margined with buff. Wings purple. Chin and upper part of throat blackish-brown ; lower part bright rufous, a buffy stripe behind the eye, another below. Lores and ear- coverts black. Under surface brownish-gray; under tail coverts bronzy-green. Median rectrices shining green tipped with white, remainder white, with a very broad subterminal black bar. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black. Total length, 41 in. Wing, IJ in. Tail, If in. Culmen, IJ in. Some examples are bright bronze-green above, and they seem to vary in color on the upper parts as is observed among specimens of G. hirsuta. Genus v.— DOLEKOMYA. D oleromya, Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. y j. 7, ^^\ Dolerisca, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860), Th., iii, p. 6. y falla ' B PHJEOPTILA. Ch. Bill longer than the head, straight, broad, and flat at base. Wings long, prima- ries rather broad, the first slightly pointed. Tail even, feathers rather broad and slightly pointed. Feet large, tarsi partly feathered. Sexes alike. Range. Venezuela. One species is known. Fig. 5. Xfoleromi/a fallaee. Venezuela. Vorreaax, 1. Doleromya falleis. Trochilus fallax, Bocrc, Rev. Zool. (1843), p. 103. TrocTiilus {Lampornis) fulviventris, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 88. Polytmus fallax, Gray, Gen. B., vol. i, p. 108, sp. 55. • Leucippus fallax, Bon., Gonsp. Gen. A/v., p. 73, sp. 1 (1850). — Eeioh., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 8, pi. 783, figs. 4820-21 (1855).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 56.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 56 (1861). Doleromya fallax, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Gis. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 206. T>olerisca fallax, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hcin., Th., iii (I860).— Sclat. and Salv., Nomencl., p. 79 (1873). Dolerisca cervina, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 56 (1861). Hah. Venezuela. Adult. Top of head olive-brown tinged with green ; upper surface light green ; four central tail feathers bronzy-green ; lateral ones bronze-green at base, passing into black, and largely tipped with white, most extensive on external feathers. Throat, breast, abdomen, and flanks reddish-buff. Under tail-coverts white. Wings purplish-brown. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 2^^ in. Tail, 1| in. Culm en, | in. Pig. 6. Genus VI.— PH^OPTILA. PhcBoptila, Gould, Intr. Mon. Troch., octavo ed., p. 169 (1861). Gh. "Bill longer than the head, fleshy at the base and slightly arched ; wings of medium length; tail the same, and slightly forked; feet rather stout ; hind toe and nail shorter than the middle toe and nail." (Gould, loc. cit.) Rarige. Mexico. But one species is known, which I con- sider should follow DoLEEOMYA, as being far more naturally its position than when placed next- to I ACHE, where it has usually been left, and with which genus I cannot perceive that it has anything in common. 2 July, 1878. Type. C? sordida. FJlfEOptila gordvla. Oaxava. Gould. 2Q SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 1. Fhaeoptila sordida. Cyanomyia? sordida, GonLB, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (1859), p. 97, vol. iv, %. Uranomitra sordida, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 41 (note) (1860). Phceoptila sordida, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. v, pi. 340.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 169. ' Phceoptilazonura, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 170, ? (1861). Doleromya sordida, Muls.^ Hist. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 207. Hah. Mexico (Oaxaca). Male. Upper surface bronzy-green, brown on top of the head, under parts dark grayish-brown. Ear-coverts blackish- brown. Vent white. Tail bronzy olive-green. Wings pale purplish-brown. A white spot behind the eye. Bill flesh-color, tip black. Feet black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2 J in. Tail, If in. Culmen, | in. Female. Differs in being lighter beneath, and in having a subterminal blackish- brown band on the lateral rectrices, which are also tipped with grayish-white. Dimensions the same as the male. One of the most extensive of the genera of Humming-birds is now reached : viz. Ph^thornis, comprising no less than twenty-two species. The majority are plainly attired, without any metallic coloring, and all are chiefly remarkable for their peculiarly shaped tails, the middle feathers of which extend beyond the rest, and are always longest in the females. I have included in this genus those birds usually separated under the term Pygmornis, as I do not find that they really possess any characters to entitle them to a distinct generic rank, and it is impossible to ascertain where Ph^thornis ends and Pygmornis begins. All the species are closely related and form one natural group. Genus VII.— PHiETHORNIS. Type. Phcethornis, Swains, Zool. Journ. (1827), p. 357. T. superciliosus, Linn. Phrethornis, BoiE, Isis (1831) p. 548. T. superciliosus, Linn Phoetornis, Less., Ind. Gen. and Syn. Genr. Troch. (1832), p. xiv. T. superciliosus, Linn. Pty onornis , Reich, Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). T. eurynome, Less. E remit a, Beich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). T. pygmceus, Spix. Ametrornis , Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). T. bourcieri Less. Orthornis , Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), .p. 249. T. bourcieri Less. Guyornis, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. T. guyi, Less. Pygmornis, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. T. intermedius, Less. Toxateuches , Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860), Th., iii. p. 11. T. guyi. Less. Mesophila, Muls. and Terr., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 17. T. yaruqui, Bouro. Momus, Muls. and Verr., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 19. T. idalice Bourc Pygornis, Muls. and Verr., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 18. T. striigularis, Gould. Anisoterus , Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch. (1873), torn, i, p. 72. T. pretrii Less Milorni s , Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch. (1873), torn, i, p. 77. T. squalidus Temn. PHJETHORNIS. 11 Ch. Bill curved, sometimes straight, much longer than the head, slender, terminating in a sharp point. Median pair of rectrices prolonged far beyond the rest, this elongation greatest in the females and young. Tail cune- ate, or rounded. Wings long and pointed. Feet rather small, tarsi bare. Sexes alike. Range. Southern Mexico to and including Bolivia on the west coast of South America, and to the southern parts of Brazil on the east. Not found in the West Indies. Pig. 7. PJiOtTuymie superciliosua, $ . ConiBpata, Peru. Whitely. Twenty-two species of this genus are here recognized. They have been sepa- rated into many genera by various authors, as the list above given will show, but according to my view, the species constitute only a single genus, composed of vari- ous groups, no one of which exhibits generic characters of sufficient importance to separate it from the rest. Key to the species. A. Bill nearly straight. a. Pale buff beneath. b. Deep rufous benea"th. B. Bill curved. a. Dark gray or iridescent green beneath ; adult males with the ex- tremity of median rectrices reduced to a point, a'. Base of rectrices black, b'. Rump and base of rectrices green, c'. Rurap and base of rectrices bluish-green. b. Gray or rufescent beneath. a'. Rectrices next to median very long. a". Grayish-white beneath. h". Rufescent beneath, b'. Central rectrices far exceeding the rest in length. a". Species with median gular stripe, a'". Buff beneath. ' 1. Rump narrowly edged with fulvous. 2. Rump broadly edged with fulvous. h'". Gray beneath. 1. Rump banded with gray, c"'. Rufescent beneath. 1. Upper tail-coverts clear rufous, b". Species with scale-like markings on the throat, a'". Whitish beneath, b"'. Rufescent beneath. 1. Large size. 2. Small size. c'. Central rectrices of females longer than the rest. Tail of male rounded, a". Rump rufescent or bright rufous. a'". Tail feathers very broad, central ones acute. h'". Tail feathers narrow. 1. P. bourcieri. 2. P. philippi. 3. P. yaruqui. 4. P. guyi. 5. P. emiliee. 6. P. augusti. '?. P. pretrii. 8. P. superciliosus. 9. P longirostris. 10. P. hispidus. 11. P. syrmatophorus. 12. P. anthrophilus. 13. P. eurynome. 14. P. squalidus. 15. P. longuemareus. 16. P. adolphi. 12 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. c'". Median tail feathers subterminally black. 17. P. griseigularis. d'". Throat gray striated with black. 18. P. striigularis. h". Rump green, same color as the back. 19. P. idalise. c". With prominent pectoral band in the male. a'". Mandible basal half yellow. 1. Lateral rectrices bronzy-brown tipped with buff. 20. P. pygmseus. 2. Lateral rectrices black. 21. P. episcopus. h'" Mandible three-fourths yellow. 22. P. nigricinctus. The birds composing this group are moderate to almost minute in size, with usually slightly curved bills, and a plumage generally wanting in metallic hues. They are dwellers of the thick forests, apparently preferring dark and gloomy situations. The sexes are alike in plumage. 1. Phaethornis bourcieri. Trochilus hourcieri, Less., Trochil. (1832), p. 62, t. 18.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vil. i, p. 67 (1850). Phoethornis bourcieri, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 9.^Gould, Mod. Troch., vol. i, pi. 25. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 43 (1861).— Salt, and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 13. Ametrorms abnormis, Reich., Journ. fiir Ornitli. (1853), p. 14. — Pelz., Orn. Bras., pp. 27, 56. — Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12. Ametrorms bourcieri, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 10 (1860). Orthornis bourcieri, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Phcetornis bourcieri, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 85.— Bon., Consp. Av., p. 67. Hab. Pebas, Peru (Hauxwell), Marabitanas (Natt). Adult. Upper surface bronze-green. Upper tail coverts tipped with buflf, and have a subterminal bar of dark brown. Wings purple. Under surface grayish-buff. Tail bronze-green at base deepening to black towards the extremities and tipped with buff. The median rectrices elongated, with their ends pure white. Bill straight, maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, the point dark brown. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 2 in. Tail, 21 in. Culmen, 1 in. 2. Phaethornis philippi. Trochilus philippi, Bourc, Ann. Sc, Lyon (1847), p. 623. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 68. Trochilus filippi, Bourc, Rev. Zool. (1847), p. 401. Phcethortiis philippi, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 18.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 21.— Id. Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 43. — Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 13. Phcetornis philippi, Bon., Consp. Av., p. 68 (1850). Orthornis defilippii, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Ametrornus Defilippi, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855).— Cab and Hein., Mus. Hein. Theil., iii, p. 10 (note) (.1860). Phcetornis defilippi, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 87. Hob. Bolivia. Head and back bronzy-green. Upper tfiil coverts shining green, with a subter- minal dark brown bar, and largely tipped with dark rufous, this last color giving the predominent hue to this part. Wings purplish-brown. Entire under" parts rich dark buff. Median rectrices have the base bronzy-green, graduatino- into PHJ3TH0RNIS. 13 brownish-black, with their elongated tips white. Lateral feathers shining bronze- green, at base succeeded by a broad Jblack bar, and tipped with rufous. Bill straight. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip brown. Total length, 5f in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2f in. Culmen, 1 J in. Description taken from the unique type in my collection. 3. Fliaethornis yamqni. Trochilus yaruqui, Bouec, Compt. Rend., torn, xxxii, p. 187 (1851). PhcBthomis yaruqui, Gould, Mon. Trocli., vol. i, pi. 27. — -Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 44. — Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 11.— Reich. Aufz. der Colib., p. 14.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12. Fliastomis yaruqui, Mdls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 56. Guyornis yaruqui, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Toxateuches yaruqui. Cab. and Hein., Mns. Hein. Th., iii, p. 11 (note) (1860). Hah. Ecuador. Top of head very dark brown. Entire body dark shining green. Superciliary stripe and one at base of mandible buff". Tail black, central feathers tipped with white. Young birds have these quite long, but they become shorter with age, until in the adult males, they are but little longer than the lateral feathers. The white portion also becomes less, until it is reduced to little more than a spot. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black. The females apparently always retain their elongated median rectrices, which do not become shortened by age, and the under surface of the body is not of so dark a color as is observed in the males. Total length, 5J in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, If in. 4. Fhaethornis gnyi. Trochilus guyi, Less., Hist. Trocb., p. 119, t. 44 (1831). Plicetliornis guyi, Geay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 6.— 'Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 67 (1850). — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 26.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 44.— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 12. Plicethornis guy, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). Guyornis typus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Fliastomis guyi, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 58. JTah. Trinidad, Venezuela, Eastern Peru. Upper surface shining green. Wings purplish-brown. Upper tail coverts shining dark green, edged with white, and barred subterminally with black. Stripe above and behind the eye, another below it, and a third in the centre of the throat, dark buff'. Auriculars and lores black. Under surface ash-gray; flanks glossed with green; abdomen buff. Tail shining green at base, remaining portion black tipped with white. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color tipped with black. Total length, 6 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2 J in. Culmen, If in. 5. Phaethornis emiliae. Trochilus emilim, Bouec, Ann. Soc. Sc, Lyon (1846), p. 317. Trochilus apicalis, "Light.," Cab., Tsch. Fann. Per., p. 243 (1844).— Hein., Journ. fiir Ornith. (1863) p. 177. Phoethornis emilice, Bon., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 68 (1850).— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Fhcethornis apicalis, Bon., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 68 (1850). Phaethornis emiliae, Gray, Gen. B, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 7.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855).— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 44 (1861).— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 12. 14 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Hab. Costa Rica, Veragua, Columbia. Precisely like the P. gv^yi, but the upper tail coverts and base of tail are blue instead of green. Dimensions the same, 6. Fhaethornis angusti. Troclulus augustt, Bouec, Ann. Sc. Phys. etc., Lyon (1847), vol. i, p. 623. Phcethornis augustce, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 68. Fhcethornis augustt, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). — Ir., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (185.5).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 29.— Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249.— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 45 (1861).— Wyatt., Ibis (1871), p. 376.— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 10. Phcetornts augusta, Gkat, Gen. B., vol. i, p. 104. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 75. Hah. Venezuela, Columbia (Wyatt). Top of head dark brown; back grayish-bronze; upper tail coverts shining green in the centre of the feathers, broadly margined with red, this being the predominant color of this part of the body. Line above and behind the eye and one beneath, white. Under parts ashy-gray, feathers of the throat lighter and with a central mark of dark brown. Tail bronzy at base, succeeded by a black bar and tipped with white. Central feathers bronze graduating into Avhite, which latter hue occu- pies fully a third of the feathers. Median pair longest, the rectrices on either side longer than the others, but not quite so elongated as the middle pair. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black. Total length, 6| in. Wing 2^ in. Tail 3| in. Culnien, Ijin, 7. Fhaethornis pretrii. Trochilus pretrii, Less, et DeLattr., Eev. Zool. (1839), p. 20. Trochilus superciliosus, Max., Beitr., vol. iv (1832), p. 116. Phcethornis pretrii, Geay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, t. 35, sp. 16.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 28. — Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855).— Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249.— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 11. Phcetornis pretrei, Bon,, Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 68 (1850). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 72. Plimthornis superciliosus, Cab. and Hein,, Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 9. — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed p. 45 (1861). Hah. Brazil, Minas Gerses, Bahia. Top of head dark brown, back bronze-green. Wings purple. Upper tail coverts rust-red. Anriculars blackish-brown. Superciliary stripe and one below the eye, buff. Throat light buff in the centre, rest of under parts deep buff. Median rectrices bronze-green, their elongated tips pure white. Next one on either side longer than the other lateral feathers, and like them is bronze-green at base, suc- ceeded by a broad black band, and tipped with white. Maxilla black, mandible red, tipped with black. Total length, 6 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen 11 in. 8. Phaethomis superciliosus. Trochilus superciliosus, Linn., Syst. Nat. (1766), torn, i, p. 189,— Vieill., Ency. Meth. vol ii p 549 sp 5 — Less., Hist. Nat. Colib., p. 35, pi. 6 (1831).-Id., Trait. Orn., p. 288 (1831).-D'Orb. and Laeees. Syn. Av., ii, p. 32, sp. 27 (1838). Brin Wane, Male, Vieill., Ois. Dor., torn, i, p. 37, pi. 17 (1802). PH^THORNIS. 15 Phcdhomis superciliosus, Swain, Class. B., vol. ii, p. 330 (1837). — Gray, Gen. B., vol. i, p. 104. — Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1853). — Id., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1855). — Gould, Men. Troch., vol. i, pi. 17. — Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p 4.— Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 141. PIxosthornis malaris, Norden., Erm. Eeise. Alt., pi. 2 (1835). — Gray, Gen. B., vol. i, p. 104, sp. 2. — Boif., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 67 (1850). — Cab. and Hbin., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 9 (1860). — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 41, sp. 17 (1861). Phcetornis superciHosus, Bon., Consp. Av., p. 67 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn. 1, p. 61. PhcBtorms malaris, Bon., Consp. Av., p. 67 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Phcethomis consobrinus, " Boubc," Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 17 (1853). — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 42. PIicBtJwrms fraterculus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 18. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 42 (1861). Phoetlioriiis moorei, Lawr., Ann. N. Y. Lye. Nat. Hist., vol. vi, p. 258 (1858). Hah. Guiana, Brazil, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. The adult has top of head dark brown, sometimes glossed with dark green. Nape and back shining green or bronze; rump has all the feathers narrowly edged with rufous, with a subterminal bar of dark brown, and the remaining portion like those of the back. Tail shining green at base, succeeded by a jet black band and tipped with buff. Central pair of rectrices much longer than the. rest, extend to a point, and are pure white for nearly their entire length beyond the lateral feathers. Occasionally some of the lateral rectrices are edged with white. Under parts dark gray on breast and throat, changing to buff on the abdomen and lower tail coverts. Some specimens have a median buff gular stripe, others have the entire throat blackish-brown. Stripe over the eye, and one from the maxilla going under the eye, buff. Bill black on the maxilla, flesh-color on the mandible. Total length, 6 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2f in. Culmen, 1| in. The colors of the upper parts vary considerably, ranging from a dark green to almost a bronzy-red, and the shades on the under portion are also different in individuals, and this, without sufficient examples to show these variations, has been the main reason that so many specimens have been described as distinct, and the synonymy so greatly increased. 9. Fhaethornis longirostris. Ornismya longirostris, Less, et De Latteb, Echo dn Monde Savant (1843), no. 45, p. 1070. Trochilus cephalus, Bouec. et Muls., Rev. Zool. (1848), p. 269. Ptyonomis cephala, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). Phcetornis cephalus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 64. Plicethornis cassini, Lawr., Ann. N. Y. Lye. Nat. Hist., vol. viii, p. 347. Phcethomis cephalus, Gould, Mon. Troch., pi. 19. Phcethomis longirostris, Cab. and Hei.v., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 9 (I860).— Gould, Intr. Troch., p. 42.— Saly. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 5. Phcethomis holiviana, Gould, Intr. Mon. Troch., octavo ed., p. 42. Hab. Central America from Southern Mexico to the lower portion of the valley of the Magdalena, and western Ecuador. This bird is hardly separable from the preceding. As a rule the buff edging on the feathers of the rump and lower back are rather clearer and more conspicuous, and the gular stripe is a brighter buff, without the tendency to assume the blackish- brown throat observed in some specimens of superciHosus. Otherwise in their general size and coloration the two forms are about the same. 16 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS, 10. Fhaethornis hispidus. Trochilus hispidus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 90. Ph(ethornis hispidus, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 14 (1844-49).— Gould, Men. Troch., pi. 22.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 43. — Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 7. Trochilus oseryi, Bourc. and Muls., Ann. Sc, Lyon, vol. iv (1852), p. 139. Ptyonornis hispida, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 14 (1853). — Id., Troch. Bnum., p. 12 (1855). Ametrornis oseryi, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). Phcethornis oseryi, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 23. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed.,- p. 43. Orthornis oseryi, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. Phatornis hispidus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249.— Id., Oonsp. Av., p. 68.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 70. Phcethornis villosus, Lawr., Ann. N. Y. Lye. Nat. Hist., vol. vi, p. 259. Hab. Columbia to Bolivia. This species is distinguishable from all the others of the genus by being gray beneath. Top of head dark brown, back shining dark green shading into bronze- brown on the upper tail coverts. Above and below the eye is a line of buffy-white. A white line down the centre of the throat, rest of under surface brownish-gray. "Wings purple. Tail dark green at base, then brownish-black, tipped with white ; the median pair much longer than the rest. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2^ in. Culmen, l^^g in. 11. Fhaethornis syrmatophoms. Plicethornis syrmatophoms, Gould, Contr. Ornith. (1851), p. 139. — Reioh., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (185.3). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855).— Gould, Mon. Troch., pi. 20.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed.. p. 43 (1861). —Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 8. Phcetornis syrmatophoms, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 68. Hab. Peru, environs of Quito. Pallatanga (Fraser). Top of head brownish-black, feathers tipped with buff". Back metallic-green, edged with buff. Rump and upper tail coverts deep buff". A buff"y-white line over the eye going to the neck. Auriculars blackish-brown. Chin white, bordered with a few blackish-brown feathers on either side. Entire under parts deep buff. Base of tail green, followed by a black bar, the lateral feathers tipped with dark buff, the median pair, which are greatly elongated, have their tips pure white. Wings purple. Maxilla black, mandible orange-red, tip black. Total length, 6 in. Wino-, 2^g in. Tail, 2f in. Culmen, 1^^ in. 12. Fhaethornis anthophilus. Trochilus anthophilus, Bourc, Rev. Zool. (1843), p. 71. — Bourc. and Muls., Ann. Sc, Lyon (1843), p. 47. Phcethornis anthophilus, Gray and Mitch., Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 15. — Gould., Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 24.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed , p. 10 (1861).— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 10.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Theil., iii, p. 8 (1860). — Ueic(eohia, Contr. a. las Cierce (1861), p. 7. — Reich., Troch. Euum., p. 12.— Id., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14. Phcetornis anthophilus, Bon., Conap. Av., p. 68. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 83. Hab. Upper valley of the Magdalena. Tibacuy. Venezuela (Gcering). Top of head dark brown, upper parts bronzy-green, upper tail coverts margined PHJ^ THORN IS. 17 with buff. Stripe over and behind the eye bufFy.-white ; auriculars dark brown. Under parts grayish-white tinged with buff on abdomen and flanks. Feathers of chin and throat with a central streak of dark brown. Wings purplish- brown. Tail pale shining green, with a subterminal black bar, and tipped with an arrow-headed mark of white; central feathers having their prolonged tips all white. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2^ in. Culmen, l^''^ in. t 13. Fhaethornis eurynome. Trochilus eurynome, Less., Troch., p. 91, t. 31 (1831). Phcethorm's eurynome, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. ,5.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 16.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 41.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 9, sp. 12 {I860).— Sal v. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 8.— Von Pelz., Orn. Bras., p. 27. Phoeihornis melanotis, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). Ptyornornis eurynome, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). Phaetorms eurynomus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249.— Id., Consp. Av., p. 69,. vol. i (1850). Phcetornis eurynome, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 80. Hob. Brazil, southern portion. Top of head blackish-brown, each feather margined with bright rufous, nape nearly clear rufous in some specimens, in others like the top of head. Upper sur- face shining green, feathers edged with brown and rufous, giving this part a scaly appearance. A buff line above and behind the eye, and a broader one down the sides of the throat. Cheeks and ear coverts brownish-black. Throat brownish- black margined with buff". Breast grayish-brown, rest of under parts buff. Tail has the basal portion shining green, same color as the back, succeeded by black, and the tips edged with white in the form of an inverted V. Apical half of median rectrices, which are longer than the rest, white. Maxilla black. Mandible flesh- color, tip black. Total length, 6| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, 1^ in. 14. Fhaethornis squalidus. Trochilus squalidus, Temm., PI. Col., 120, fig. 1 (1823), ex Natt. MS. Phcethornis leucophrys, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 10. — Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). Phcethomis brasiliensis, Gray (ueo Lath.), Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 10 (1844^49). Trochilus leucophrys, "Light," Nordm., Reis. Att., p. 2, sp. 18. Phcethomis intermedius, Gould (nee Less.), Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 30. Phcetornis squalidus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 249.— Id., Consp. Av., p. 68.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 77. Phcethornis squalidus, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855).— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 8 (I860).— Gould., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 45.— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 9. Ptyornornis intermedia, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). Hah. Southern Brazil, Head dark brown; rest of upper surface bronzy-brown; feathers of upper tail coverts margined with buff. Wings purple. A line above and behind the eye buff. Throat dark brown. Entire under surface buff, darkest on sides of the neck and flanks. Base of tail feathers bronze-green, succeeded by a black band, and tipped with buff. The green on the middle pair graduates into brown, and this 3 July, 1878. 18 SYNOPSIS OP THE HUMMING-BIRDS. into pure white. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black. Total length, 4f in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 2j in. Culmen, 1 in. 15. Phsethornis longuemareus. Trochilus longuemareus, Less., Troch., p. 15, pi. 11 (1831).— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 67 (IS.iO). Phcethornis longuemareus, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 31. — Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14. — Id., 'J'roch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). Phcetornis mtermedius, Bon., Consp. Av., p. 67 (1850). Phcetornis longuemareus, Bon., Consp. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 67. Pygmornis intermedius, Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. Pygmornis longuemareus. Cab. and Hbin., Mus. H6in. 'I'll., iii, p. 7 (note 12) (1860). — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 46 (1861).— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 271.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., tom. i, p. 93. Hab. Guiana, Trinidad (Leotand). Top of head dark brown; upper surface bronzy-brown. Wings purple. Lores and ear coverts dark brown; superciliary stripe, and one from base of maxilla, buff. Chin and upper part of throat black. Under parts buff. Tail feathers bronzy- green, fading into gray near the tips. Lateral rectrices tipped with buff or bixtfy- white, central ones with white tips. Median rectrices of female considerably longer than the rest. Maxilla black. Basal half of mandible flesh-color, rest black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, f in. 16. Phaethornis adolphi. Phcethornis adolphi, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 35. — Pt. xiv (1857). Pygmornis adolphi, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 7 (note 10) (I860).— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo cd., p. 47. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 102. — Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 271. Hah. Mexico and Central America to Panama. Upper parts bronzy-brown. Upper tail coverts rufous. Wings purple. Ear coverts dark brown. Superciliary stripe bufi". Under surface dark buff, grayish on the throat and breast. Tail bronze-green tipped with buff on lateral feathers, white on middle pair, and has a rounded shape in the male ; the median rectrices are elongated in the female. Maxilla black. Basal half of mandible flesh-color rest black. I notice that specimens from Mexico are much lighter in color beneath, than those from Central America ; but this evidently has no specific im- portance. Total length, 3.| in. Wing, 11 in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, | in. 17. Phaethornis griseigularis. Phcethornis griseigularis, Gould, P. Z. S. (1851), p. 115. — Id., Mon. Troch., vol. i, p. 36. Pygmornis griseigularis, Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (18,54), p. 250. — Gould, Intr. Troch., p. 47 (1861) Salv and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 272. Eremita griseigularis, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Trochilus aspasim, BouRO. and Muls., Ann. Soc. Linn., Lyon (1856), vol. viii. Phcethornis zonura, Gould, P. Z. S. (1860), p. 305. — Id., Mon. Troch., vol. i, p. 34. Pygmornis griseogularis, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 8 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch tom. i, p. 99 (partini). Pygmornis zonura, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo cd., p. 47 (1861). Hah. Columbia. PH^THORNIS. 19 Upper parts bronzy-brown. Upper tail coverts rufous. Wings purple. Stripe over the eye buff. Auriculars black. Under surface buff, chin grayish. Tail feathers black, or black with a greenish shade, tipped with buff on the lateral ones, and with white on central pair. Maxilla black; basal half of mandible flesh-color, remainder black. Total length, 3 in. Wing, Ij in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, f in. In his description Mr. Gould speaks of a black crescent across the breast. This is a mistake, there is no such mark, and his figures are correctly portrayed without any black on the breast. 18. Phaethornis striigularis. Fhcethomis striigularis, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 37. — Pt. vii (1854). Pygmornis amaura, Bourc, Rev. Zool. (1856), p. 522. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 1 (note 11). Pygmornis striigularis, Gould, Iiitr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 48 (1861). — S.tLv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 273. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 7 (note 9). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 96. Phcethornis atrimentalis, Lawr., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., vol. vi, p. 260. Plicethornis amaura, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 32. Pygmornis amaura, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 46 (1861). Hab. Columbia and Ecuador. Upper parts bronze-brown. Rump and upper tail coverts rufous. Wings purple. Ear coverts black ; a stripe of buff above and below the eye. Throat and breast gray, the former striated with brownish-black. Abdomen deep buff. ' Under tail coverts gray tipped with buff. Tail greenish-bronze, tipped with white. Maxilla black; basal half of mandible yellow, rest black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, Ih in. Culmen, | in. 19. Phaethornis idaliae. Trochilus idalice, Bourc. and Muls., Ann. Soc. Linn., Lyon (1856), vol. iii. Phcethornis obscura, Gould, P. Z. S. (1857), p. 14. Phaethornis obscura, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 38. Pygmornis obscura. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 7 (note 7) (1860). Phcethornis viridicaudata, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 33, J .—Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 7 (note 5) (1860). Pygmornis idalice, Gould, Intr. Troch., p. 48 (1861).— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 270. Pygmornis aspasice, Gould, Intr. Troch,, p. 47 (1861). nah. South Brazil. Head dark brown above ; upper surface shining green. Wings purple. Buff stripe behind the eye; ear coverts black. Buffy-white stripe along the side of the throat. This last is black, becoming chestnut on the breast, dark gray on the abdomen, and white on the vent. Under tail coverts grayish-white. Tail dark bronze-brown tipped with white. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip brownish- black. Total length, 3f in. Wing, If in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, | in. Female has the throat and under parts buff, palest on abdomen. Tail bronze- green, passing into blackish-brown and tipped with white. The throat and under surface of the males vary greatly in their coloration, some specimens being very much darker than others. 20 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 20. Fhaethornis pygmaeus. Trochilus pygmcBus, Spix, Av. Bras., p. 78, pi. 80, fig. 1 (1824). PhcBthornis rufigaster, Less., der Colib., t. 9, p. 43 (1831). Trochilus davidianus, Less., Troch., p. 50, pi. 13 (1832). Trochilus hrasiliensis, D'Orb. and Lafrbs (nee Lath.), Syn. Av., ii, p. 32, sp. 28 (1838). Phcethornis davidianus, Gkat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 13 (1848). Phcethomis eremita, Bon., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 68 (1850). Phcethornis pygmceus, Bon., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 68 (1850). Eremita rufigaster, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). — Id., Troch. Ennm., p. 11 (1855). Eremita davidianus, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853). — Id., 1'roch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Eremita pygmcea, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Pygmornis davidianus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. Phmthornis pygmceus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 41 (1861). Pygmornis pygmcea, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 49. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 6 (1860). — Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 273.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 105. Phcethornis eremita, Gould, Mon. Troch., octavo ed., vol. i, pi. 40 (1861). Pygmornis eremita, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 49 (1861). — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 7 (note 8) (1860). Pygmornis rufiventris, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 48 (1861). Pygmornis pygmoius, Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 141. Hub. Guiana, Brazil. Adalt. Top of head dark brown; back bronze-brown, rump and upper tail coverts rust-red. A buff stripe above and behind the eye. Ear coverts black. Chin white, rest of under surface deep buff, crossed on lower part of breast by a line of black. Tail bronzy-brown, tipped with buff. Wings dark purplish-brown. Maxilla and apical half of mandible black, rest of mandible flesh-color. Total length, 3,^ in. Wing, IJ in. Tail, Ij in. Culmen, f in. 21. Fhaethornis episcopus. Phcethornis episcopus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1857), p. 14. — Id., Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 39, fig. 2. Pygmornis episcopus, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 48. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 7 (note 4) (I860).— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 274. Hah. Guiana. Precisely like the P. pygmceus, except that the lateral tail feathers are broader, and black instead of bronzy-brown. Dimensions similar. 22. Fhaethornis nigricinctus. Phaithornis nigricinctus, Lawk., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., vol. vi, p. 260 (1858).— Gould, Mon. Troch vol i, pi. 39, fig. 1. Pygmornis nigrocincta, Cab, and Hein., Mus. Ilein. Th., iii, p. 7 (note 6) (1860). Pygmornis nigrocinctus, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 48.— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p, 274.— Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 108. Hah. Upper Amazons, Pebas, Peru, Eng. do Gama, Brazil. This species in its plumage resembles very closely the two preceding ones but may be recognized by the mandible being flesh-color for its entire length, exceptino- at the extreme tip, which is brownish-black. The tail is like pygmmus, perhaps a little darker. Total length, 2| in. Wing, 1 in. Tail, 1 in. . Culmen, i^ in. EU PET OMEN A. 21 The birds composing the three following genera are characterized by having the shafts of the primaries more or less developed, and in the males these are broad and flattened. The majority of the species have a portion of their plumage composed of metallic feathers. The genera are mainly distinguished by the shape of the tail, this being long and deeply forked in Eupetomena, cuneate in Sphenopeoctus, and rounded in Campylopteeus. Having been unable to perceive any satisfactory generic characters to separate cuvieri and roherti from Campylopteeus, I have kept them in that genus, the fact that the shafts of the primaries are less flattened than is observed in other species of the genus not being sufficient, in my opinion, to cause their removal to a distinct one. Genus VIII.— EUPETOMENA. Eupetomena, Gould, Mon. Troch., pi. vi (1853).— Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 50. Prognornis, Reich., Anfz. der Colib. (1853), p. 11. Ch. Bill long as the head, slightly curved. Tail very long, deeply forked, outermost rectrices much longer than the rest, turning slightly out- wrard at tip. Shaft of prima- ries in the male, broad and flattened. Sexes alike. Range. Guiana. Brazil, Peru. Type. T. macrourus, Gmel. T. macrourus, Gmel. Eripetomena macroura. Cayenne. Hourcier. Key lo the species. Tail steel-blue, body shining green. a. Head and breast shining prussian-blue. b. Head aud breast shining dark cobalt-blue. 1. E. macroura. 2. E. Mr undo. 1. Eupetomena macroura. Trochilus macrourus, Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i, p. 487, sp. 27.— Vieill., Ent-y. M6tli., p. 566, sp. 69. Trocliilus forcipatus. Lath., Iiid. Orn., vol. i, p. 304, sp. 9 (1790). Ornismya hirundinacea, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 98, pi. 25.-Id., Siippl., p. 79, pi. 39 (1829). Polytmus macrourus. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 107, sp. 9 (1844-59). Prognornis macroura, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853).— Id., Troch. Bnum., p. 9, t. 806, fig. 4873-75. Eupetomena macroura, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 254.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 14. —Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 50 (1861).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 254.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Monch., torn, i, p. 111.- Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 134. Eupetomena hirundinacea, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 42. Hah. Cayenne, Brazil. Head, neck, and breast deep shining prussian-blue; plumage of body dark shining green ; some feathers on the rump tipped with dark purple. Upper and under tail coverts, and all the rectrices, dark steel-blue. Wings purplish-brown. Bill black. Total length, 6f in.' Wing, 3 in. Tail, 3|. Culmen, | in. 22 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 2. Eupetomena hirundo. Eupetomena hirundo, Gould, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (1875), ser. 4, vol. 16. — Sclat. and Salt., P. Z. S. (1876), p. 18. Hob. Peru, Huiro valley of Santa Ana (Whitely). Head, neck, and breast shining dark cobalt-blue; plumage of body shining grass-green, lighter than in E. macroura. Wings purple-brown. Tail with its upper and under coverts steel-blue ; some of the feathers of upper tail coverts edged with purple. Bill black. Total length, 6| in. Wing, 3 in. Culmen, 1 in. Tail, 3 1 in. For the species that are now reached, but two generic terms have ever been proposed: viz., Pampa and Sphenoproctus. The first of these has the priority by seven years. Neither of them were defined by their respective authors, and there- fore, according to the views of some ornithologists, have really no right to any consideration. The first is objectionable from tlie fact that it is a specific name elevated to a generic rank, especially objectionable in this case, because the Ornis- mi/a pampa. Less., has never had a second specific appellation bestowed upon it, and therefore if Pampa is accepted the species must stand as Pampa pampa (a very undesirable combination), or' a new specific name be given to it. The one bestowed by Reichenbach, if adopted, of Pampa campyloptera, would but compli- cate matters unfavorably, because the genus with which these birds are very closely allied is Campylopterus. Under these circumstances I have adopted the name given by Cabanis and Heine of Sphenqproctus, for there is no necessity whatever that a new specific name should be given to one of the birds, a proceeding that would but increase the confusion tenfold. Genus IX.— SPHENOPROCTUS. Pampa, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853). Sp henoproctus, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hcin. Th., iii, p. 11 (1860). Gh. Bill nearly straight, long as head ; nostrils covered by a membrane. Wings long, shafts of first three primaries in the males, broad and flat- tened; the first pri- mary falcate. Tail cuneate. Sexes alike. Range. Mexico and Guatemala. Pig. 9. Type. O. pampa, Less. 0. pampa. Less. S^limojiroctUBjpamj>a. Guatemala. Boucara. CAMPYLOPTERUS. 23 Key to the species. A. Under surface grayish- white. a. Top of head deep metallic purplish-blue. 1. S. pampa. b. Top of head pale metallic blue. 2. S. curvipennis. 1. Sphenoproctus pampa. Orm'smya pampa, Less., Ois. Mouch. Suppl., p. 127, t. 15 (1829). Polytmus pampa, Geat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 107, sp. 7. Pampa campyloptera, Reich., Anfz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853).— Id., Trocli. Enum., p. 9, pi. 800, fig. 4861-62 (1855). Campylopterus pampa, Gould, Mon. Trocli., vol. 11, pi. 43. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av , vol. i, p. 71. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 115. Sphenoproctus pampa, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 51. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Ilein. Th., iii (1860), p. 11 (partim). Hab. Guatemala. Top of head and occiput brilliant metallic purplish-blue. Upper surface shining grass-green; wings purplish-brown. Under surface grayish-white. Ear coverts brown, under tail coverts buffy-white. Four central rectrices dark bronze-green ; lateral ones dark purple, glossed Avith green at the base. Bill black, feet brown. Total length, 5^ in. Wing, 2§ in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, | in. 2. Sphenoproctus curvipennis. Trochilus curvipennis, Light., Preis-Yerz. Mex. Their. (1830), no. 32. Sphenoproctus pampa, Gab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 11 (partim) (1860). Sphenoproctus curvipennis, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 51 (1861). Hob. Mexico. Top of head pale blue glossed with purple ; in some specimens brownish on the forehead. Upper parts shining green. Wings purphsh-brown. Under parts grayish-white. Four central tail feathers dark green, rest purple glossed with green at base. Bill black. Total length, of in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 21 in. Cul- men, IJg in. Genus X.— CAMPYLOPTERUS. Type. Campylopterus, Swain., Zool. Journ. (1826), p. 358. T. largipennis, Bodd. Polytmus, Grat (nee Bbiss.), List. Gen. Birds (1848). T. largipennis, Bodd. Soepiopterus, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 11 (1853). T. ZazuZus, Tieill. Platystylopterus, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853). 0. rufus, Less. Loxopterus, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 13 (1860). G. hyperythrus, Cab. Phceochroa, Gould, Intr. Mon. Troch., octavo ed.. p. 55 (1861). T. cuvieri, Delatt. and Bourc. 24 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Oh. Bill longer than *''«• ^"• the head, curved, broad, and flat at base. Wmgs ample, shafts of prima- ries in the male, broad and flat on their basal half. Tail ample, round- ed, feathers broad. Size large. Range. Mexico, Cen- tral America, Tobago, Venezuela, Guiana, Northern Brazil, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. — Ten species are acknowledged. CampylopteruB largipenn'ia, Cayenne. "Verreaux. Key to the species. A. Entire under surface dark gray, not metallic. a. Lateral rectriees largely tipped with white. b. Lateral rectriees slightly tipped with white. B. Under parts entirely rufous, not metallic. a. Lateral rectriees buff with a subterminal black bar. b. Lateral rectriees uniform buff. C. Under parts metallic. a. Tail chestnut tipped with green. b. Tail. Lateral feathers, basal half black, rest white. a'. Upper and under surface violet-blue. b'. Upper and under surface golden-green. Throat blue. D. Under surface dark gray. Throat blue. Top of head of both sexes metallic-green. Lateral rectriees steel-blue. E. Under surface dull bronzy-green. a. Lateral rectriees greenish-bronze tipped with white. b. Lateral rectriees, base green, remainder black tipped with white. 1. G. largipennis. 2. C. ohscurus. 3. C. rufus. 4. a. hyperythrus. 5. G. lazulus. 6. G. hemileucvrus. 7. C. ensipennis. 8. G. villavicencio. 9. G. cuvieri. -0. G. roberti. 1. Campylopterus largipennis. Trochilus largipennis, Bodd., Tab. Plan. Bnlum. d'Aubeiit, pi. 672, flg. 2 (1783). Trochilus cinereus, Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), p. 490, sp. 41. Trochilus campylopterus, Gmel , Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i, p. 499. Trochilus latipenni^, Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 310 (1780). — Vieill., Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat, tom. vii, p. 365. Ornismya latipennis, Less., Ois. Mouoh., p. 121, pi. 34 (1829). Polytmus largipennis. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 107. Campylopterus latipennis, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 71. — Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11. — Id., Trooh. Enum., p. 9, t. 802, fig. 4865-66.— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 48 — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 53. Campylopterus largipennis, Gab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 12 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch. tom. i, p. 119. Hab. Guiana. Adult. Head, upper surface, and flanks grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Median rectriees dark green, next on either side, green at base, remaining part CAMPYLOPTERUS. 25 black; rest of tail feathers black broadly tipped with white. Under surface gray. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color. Total length, 5^. Wing, 3|. Tail, 2|. Culmen, 1. 2. Campylopterus obscurns. Campylopterus obscurus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1848), p. 13.— Id,, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 49.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 54.— Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 71.— Id., Eev. aud Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 11.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9. Campylopterus cequatorialis, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 54 (ex Ecuador). Hah. Valley of the Amazon to Peru, and Ecuador. Adult. Upper parts grass-green. Under surface dark gray. Middle rectrices green, three lateral ones black tipped with white. This species only differs from the G. largipennis in the small amount of white upon the tips of the tail feathers. I have placed as a synonym the G. cequatorialis, Gould, as I cannot really perceive any grounds for separating them ; and it would even seem that the specific characters distinguishing the present bird from largv- pe7inis are of the most trivial kind. 3. Campyloptems rufns. Campylopterus rufus, Less., Eev. Zool. (1840), p. 73. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 50.^ — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 54.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. 1, p. 71. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 135. Polytmus rufus, Gbay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 107. Platystylopterus rufus, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 8, pi. 789, fig. 4834^35. Hub. Guatemala. Head and upper parts bronzy-green. Wings purplish-brown. Entire under parts dark buff. Four central rectrices bronzy-green, remainder rufous, and all but the median pair with a subterminal black bar and tips buff. The black bar increases in width towards the outer rectrices, but on the outermost only appears on the inner web. Total length, 5J in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, 1 in. 4. ^Campylopterus hyperythms. Campylopterus hyperythrus. Cab., Schomb. Reise. Brit. Guiana (1848), vol. iii, p. 709, no, 202. — Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 51. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 54. Platystylopterus hyperythrus, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 11 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 8, pi. 790, fig. 4836-38 (1855). Loxopterus hyperythrus. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 13 (1860). Hah. Guiana. The principal difference that distinguishes this species from the G. rufus, is, that the lateral rectrices are uniform rufous without any black bar. More speci- mens are required (the type being still unique) to enable us to ascertain if the example is really entitled to a distinctive rank, or if the absence of the bar is merely an individual peculiarity. 4 July, 1878. 26 SYNOPSIS 0¥ THE H U MM I N tt-BIRD S. 5. Campyloptems laznlus. Trochilus lazulus, Bonnatt., Ency. Meth., vol. ii, p. 557 (1791). Troclnhis falcatus, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 126, pi. 36 (1829).— Swain., 111. Zool., vol. ii, pi. 83. Polytmus lazulus, Geay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 107 (1844-49). Scepiopterus lazulus, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 11 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9, pi. 801, fig. 4863-64 (1855). Campyloptems lazulus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. — Id., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 71. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 44.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 51.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 13. — MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 131. ffab. Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador. Male. Entire upper surface glittering grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Throat and breast dark metallic-blue with a purple lustre, blending into the glitter- ing green of the abdomen and flanks. Under tail coverts chestnut. Rectrices deep chestnut, tipped with shining green. Bill black. Total length, 5j in. Wing, 2f in. Tail 2 in. Culmen, 1 in. Female has the under surface brownish-gray, lateral tail feathers chestnut, mar- gined with black. Upper parts similar to the male. 6. Campylopterus hemilencuras. Trochilus Tiemileucurus, Light., Preis-Verz. Mex. Thier, (1833), no. 33. Ornismya [Campylopterus) Delattrei, Less., Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 14. Mellisuga delattrei. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113. Campylopterus delattrei, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 45. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 71. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9, t. 804, fig. 4869-70. Campylopterus Tiemileucurus, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 13. — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 52. Hah. Mexico to Veragua in Central America. Male. Top of head and lores dull black. A small spot of white behind the eye. Occiput black, and entire under surface bright violet-blue. Rump and upper tail coverts green. Wings brown. Under tail coverts, blue-black glossed with green. Tail steel-black, middle feathers glossed with green, and the outer ones largely tipped with white. Bill black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 3J in. Tail, 2i in. Culmen, IJg in. Female. Head brown. Upper surface and flanks brilliant green, inclining to blue on the upper tail coverts. Throat greenish-blue. Under surface gray. Median rectrices dark green, rest black, three lateral ones tipped with white. The size is about the same as that of the male. 7. Campylopterus ensipennis. Trochilus ensipennis, Swain., Zool. Illust, vol. ii, pi. 107. Campylopterus ensipennis. Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 124, pi. 35 (1829). — Id., Trait. Orn., p. 289.— Gould Mon Troch., vol. ii, pi. 46.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 53.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib,, p. 11.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9, pi. 803, fig. 4867-68.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 71.— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool.' (1854), p. 250.— MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 122.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 12. Polytmus ensipennis. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 107. Hah. Island of Tobago. Venezuela. CAMPYLOPTERUS. 21 Male. Chin and throat shining dark hizuline-blue. Entire rest of body glittering metallic golden-green. Wings purplish-brown. Median rectrices dark green, next on either side black, remainder black at base, rest white. Bill black. Total length, 5i in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2^ in. Culmen, 1 in. Female. Differs in having the centre of the throat only, blue, and the centre of breast and abdomen gray. In size the sexes do not difier much. 8. Campylopterus villavicencio. Trochilm villavicencio, Bourc, Compt. Rend., vol. 32, p. 187.— Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1851), p. S7. Eeliomaster villavicencio, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. Selasophorus [Heliomaster) villavicencio, Reich., Troch. Bnum., p. 11 (1855). Campylopterus splendens. Lawk., Ann. N. Y. Lye. Nat. Hist., vol. vi, p. 262 (1858), % .— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 53. Campylopterus villavicencio, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 42.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 53.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 130. Hai. Ecuador, Eio Napo. Male. Top of head metallic golden-green. Upper parts and flanks dark green. Wings purplish-brown. Throat deep metallic purplish-blue. Under surface dark greenish-gray. Median rectrices dark green, remainder steel-blue. Bill black. Total length, 5i in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2 J in. Culmen, 1 in. Female. Top of head metallic golden-green. Upper parts golden-green. Under surface ashy-white. Tail like the male, with the lateral feathers tipped with grayish- white. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color. This species is remarkable, in that both sexes have metallic crowns. 9. Campylopterus cuvieri. Trochilus cuvieri, Delatte. and Bouec, Rev. Zool. (1846), p. 310. Campylopterus cuvieri, Bon., Con'sp. Gen. Av., p. 71, sp. 9 (1850).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 52. — Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 9, t. 805, fig. 4871 (1855). Aphantochroa cuvieri, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iil, p. 14 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 13. PhaeocTiroa cuvieri, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 55 (1861). Hah. Costa Eica, Panama, Venezuela, Columbia. Adult. Upper surface shining grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Under sur- face dull bronze-green, feathers tipped with gray. Centre of abdomen bufi". Under tail coverts brown fringed with white. Tail greenish-bronze, outer feathers tipped with white. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color. Total length, 4§ in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. This species and the succeeding one have generally been placed in the genus Phceocliroa, Gould ; but as they have (in a less degree) the flattened broad shafts on the primaries, which are the chief distinction of Campylopteeus, and no diff"erent character that is strictly generic, I have not employed the term Phceochroa. As the members of the genus Aphantochroa have very difi'erently shaped shafts to the primaries, this bird and the C. rdberti should not be placed with them, as has been done by M. Mulsant. 28 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 10. Campylopterus roberti. Aphantochroa rolerti, Salv., P. Z. S. (1861), p. 203.-Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Moucli., ton., i, p. 138. Campylopterus rolerti, Gould, Men. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 53. Phceochroa roberti, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 55 (1861). Hah. Guatemala. This species differs from the C. cuvieri, in having the lateral rectrices black tipped with white (the extreme basal portion being green); and also in the entirely black bill. In size the two species are alike. Genus XI.— APHANTOCHEOA. Aphantochroa, Gould, Mon. Troch., pt. vi. (1852).— Id., latr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 55. A gap eta, Hein., Jour, fur Ornith. (1863), p. 178. Placophorus, Mui.s., Catal. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 6. Type. T. cirrhochloris, Vieill. A. gularis, Gould. A. gularis, Gould. Fig. 11. Ch. "Bill stout, rather longer than the head, and slightly arched ; wings broad and moderately long; tail square and moderately large; tarsi clothed; hind toe rather short. Sexes alike in plumage." (Gould, loc. cit.) Range. Brazil, through the Amazo- nian valley to Ecuador. Apliantocliroa cirrliocliloria. d* . JJrazil. Gardner. Key to the species. A. Upper parts dark grass-green. a. Metallic spot of lilac on the throat. 1. A. gularis. b. Throat and breast dark gray, glossed with green. 2. A. cirrhochloris. c. Under parts white, spotted with green. 3. A. hyposticta. These species, with the exception of gularis, which has a bright throat mark, are plain unpretending birds, of moderate size, and clothed in a rather dull plumage. 1. ^Aphantochroa gularis. Aphantochroa gularis, Gould, P. Z. S. (1860), p. 310. — Id., Mon. TrOch., vol. ii, pi. 55. — Id., Intr., Troch., octavo ed., p. 55. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 142. Eab. Kio Napo, Ecuador. Upper parts shining grass-green. Under parts also grass-green, excepting a metallic-lilac spot on the throat, and the centre of abdomen, thighs, and under tail coverts, which are white. Median rectrices grass-green, remainder purplish-green. Bill black. Total length, m. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 11 in. Bill, 11 in. C^LIGENA. 29 2. Aphantochroa cirrochloris. Trochilus cirrochloris, Vieill., Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., torn. 23, p. 430. Ornismya simplex,. Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 119, pi. 33 (1829). Polytmus cirrochloris, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 107, sp. 4. Trochilus campylostylus, Light., Verzich. Doubl., p. 14. Campylopterus cirrochloris, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 71 (1850). 'Aphantochroa cirrochloris, Gould, Men. Troch., vol. i, pi. 54.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 55.— Bok., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 139.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 14.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 15.— Id., Trooli. Enum. p. 12. Campylopterus campylostylus, Buem., Th. Bras., vol. ii, p. 329, sp. 2 (1856). Shh. Brazil. Adult. Upper surface dark green. Wings purplish-brown. Throat and breast grayish-brown, feathers tipped with green. Abdomen grayish-brown with a band of white just above the vent. Under tail coverts dark brown edged with whitish. Median rectrices green, rest dark purplish-brown. Bill black. Total length, 4| m. Wing, 2| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, f in. 3. Aphantochroa hyposticta. Aphantochroa hyposticta, Gotjld, P. Z. S. (1862), p. 124. Hab. Ecuador. Upper parts dark green. Wings purplish-brown. Feathers of throat, breast, and abdomen white at base and tipped with green. Flanks green; under tail coverts green edged with white. Median rectrices green, remainder green at base shading into black and edged with white. Bill black, except base of mandible, which is flesh-color. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, 1 in. Genus XII.— C^LIGENA. Cceligena, Less., Ind. and Syn. Gen. Ois. du Genr. Trochilus (1832), p. xviii. Delattria, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i (1850), p. 70.— Id., Compt. Rend. (1850), p. 380. Chariessa, Hein., Jonrn. fur Ornith. (1863), p. 178. Himelia, Muls., Cat. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 7. Ch. Bill longer than the head, straight. Wings very long and ample. Tail rounded, feathers broad. Tarsi clothed. Sexes unhke in plumage. Range. Mexico, Gua- temala, and Costa E,ica. Type. 0. olemencice. Less. 0. henrica, Less. 0. henrica. Less. 0. henrica, Less. I consider that there are four species which should be placed in this CisUgena clemencies, o, "Mesdoo. Salvia. ■a 30 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. genus, as I cannot perceive any generic character to separate henrici and viridi- pallens from demenctce, nor the species usually known as Oreopyra hemileuca from those just named. They are handsome birds, the males possessing bright metallic throats. Key to the species. A. Under parts grayish -bi'own. a. Throat metallic-blue. 1. G. clemencise. b. Throat metallic lilac-red. 2. C. henrici. B. Under parts white. a. Throat metallic-green. 3. C. viridi-pallens b. Throat metallic-amethyst. 4. C, hemileuca. 1. Caeligena clemenciaa. Ornismya clemencice, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 21G, pi. 80 (1829). Lampornis chmencice, Less., Trait. Orn., p. 279 (1831). — Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. . Cceligena clemencice, Less., Ind. Gen. Syn. Ois., Genr. Trochilus, p. 18 (1831). — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 59.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 7 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 3, t. 687, fig. 4516-17 (1855).— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 15 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 180. Mellisuga clemencice, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 16 (1844-49). Delattria clemencice, Bon., Consp. Gen. At., p. 70 (1850). — Gould, Hon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 60. Hob. Mexico. Male. Upper parts bronzy-green. Behind the eye a stripe of white. Throat metallic azure-blue. Under surface dark ash-gray. Under tail coverts greenish- gray bordered with grayish-white. Upper tail coverts greenish-black. Tail black, two outermost feathers tipped Avith white. Maxilla brownish-black, mandible flesh- color. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 3| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. Female has the crown dark brown, and entire under surface dark gray. 2. Caeligena henrici. ff Ornism-ya lienrica, Less, and Delattr., Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 17. Topaza henrici, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110. Delattria henrica, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), p. 70. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 62.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 60 (1861). Lamprolaima henrica, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1853).— Id., Enum., p. 6, pi. 742, fig. 4701, 4703 (1855). Caeligena henrici. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 15 (note) (1860). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 182. Chariessa henrici, Heine, Journ. fur Ornith. (1863), p. 178. Hah. Guatemala. Male. Upper parts bronzy-green fading into brownish on the rump. Wings purplish-brown. Throat metallic lilac-red. Under surface grayish-brown. Tail blackish-brown tipped with grayish on the lateral feathers. Bill black. Total length, 4f in. Wing, 3f in. Tail, 2J in. Culmen, | in. Female has the under parts pale brown, slightly tinged with buff, without any metallic spot on the throat ; rest of plumage like the male. C^LIGENA. 31 3. Caeligena viridipallens TrocMlus viridipallens, Boubc. and Muls., Ann. Soc, Lyons (1846), p. 321. Polytmus viridipallens, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108. Delattria viridipallens, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 70 (1850).— Gould, Men. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 63.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 60 (1861). Agytria viridipallens, Eeioh., Aufz. der Golib., p. 10 (1853).— Id.. Enura., p. 7, pi. 758, fig. 4746. Tliaumantias viridi-pallens, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 255. Chariessa viridipallens, Heine, Journ. fur Ornith. (1863), p. 173. Cceligena viridipallens, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. i, p. 185. Hob. Guatemala. Male. Upper parts bronzy-green, changing to coppery-green on the rump. White line behind the eye. Throat pale metallic-green. Under parts white, flanks green. Under tail coverts greenish-gray margined with white. Upper tail coverts purplish- black. Median rectrices brownish-gray, pale on the lateral rectrices. Bill black. Total length, 41 in. Wing, 2^ inch. Tail, 11 in. Culmeu, | in. Description taken from type specimen in my collection. Female has the throat white, and the lateral rectrices almost white. (Type.) Young male. Median rectrices purplish-black. Throat and breast very dark gray. 4. Caeligena hemilenca. Oreopyra hemileuca, Salv., P. Z. S. (1864), p. 584. Hah. Costa Rica. Male. Entire upper parts grass-green. White Hne behind the eye. Throat metallic-amethyst. Under parts pure white. Under tail coverts grayish-white. Wings purple-brown. Tail bronzy-green, all the feathers but the median pair, with a subterminal blackish-brown bar; tips buffy- white. Bill black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1 1 in. Culmen, J in. Female. Same as the male, excepting the throat, which is white spotted with green. This species was described and placed in the genus. Oreopyra by Mr. Salvin, but it differs from the members of that genus in various ways, and is apparently more properly placed in the present one. I can find no characters to separate it from CiELiGENA. From the species of Oreopyra it differs, in having a rounded tail instead of a forked one, and also the sexes are alike, except that the female has no metallic throat spot; while the females of Oreopyra are reddish-buff beneath — a style of coloration entirely different from the males. 32 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Genus XIII.— LAMPROL^MA. Type. 0. rhami, Less. Fig. 13. Lamprolaima, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 9. C7i. Bill straight, slender, tip acute, about equal in length to the head. Wings long, ample. Tail long, slightly forked, feathers broad. Feet rather large ; tarsi clothed to the toes. Sexes dis- similar in plumage. Range. Mexico and Guatemala. This genus, comprising but a single species, is closely allied to both the members of CjELIGENA and Oreoptra, and finds its natural position here, as a connecting link for the two genera just mentioned. The L. rhami is a very beautiful bird, about equal in size to the C. demencice, and like that species has a briUiant throat, but differs from it in its lustrous metallic breast, which equals in beauty that of the Oreopyra calolcema, next to which species I have placed it. J.a7nproliSnia rJuzmi. .^ . Oaxaca. Salle. 1, Lamprolaema rhami. Ornismya rhami, Less., Kev. Zool. (1838), p. 315. Mellisuga rhami, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112. Lampornis rhami, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 72 (1850). Lamprolav.na rhami, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1853). — Id., Trocli. Enum , p. 6, pi. 746, fig. 4712-13 (1855). Delattria rhami, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253. Heliodoxa rhami, Rbich., Troch. Enum., p. 6 (1855). Lamprolaema rhami, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. i, pi. 61. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 59 (1861). Lamprolaema rhami, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 30 (1860). — MaLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 218. Hah. Mexico, Guatemala. Male. Entire upper surface grass-green. Greater wing coverts, secondaries, and basal two-thirds of primaries chestnut-red, remainder purplish-brown. Throat metallic amethyst-red, surrounded by black. Breast metallic dark blue. Rest of under sttrface blackish-brown spotted with green. Tail deep rich purple. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. Female has the entire under surface grayish-brown ; and the outer tail feathers are tipped with gray. ORBOPYRA. 33 Genus XIV.— OREOPYRA. Oreopyra, Gotjld, P. Z. S. (1860), p. 312 (desc. null.)— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 141 (desc). Ch. "Bill longer than the head, straight or very slightly arched; wings long and rigid ("?); tail moder- ately long and forked; tarsi clothed; feet rather small." (Gould, loc. cit.) Type. 0. leupaspia, Gould. Pig. 14 A. Throat metallic-purple. B. Throat white, not metallic. a. Tail black. b. Tail grayish- white. Key to the species. Oreqpifra caluhjBma. S ad. Teragua. Arco'. 1. 0. calolsema. 2. 0. leucaspis. 3. 0. cinereicauda. The males of this genus are clothed in brilliant metallic plumage, one species having a metallic spot upon the throat, while the other two strangely enough have this part pure white. They are of moderate size, of graceful form, and the sexes are entirely different in the coloring of their plumage. 1. Oreopyra calolaema. Oreopyra calolcema, Salt., P. Z. S. (1864), p. 584. Hah. Costa Rica (Volcan de Cartage), Veragua. Male. Top of head shining bluish-green. Upper parts dark grass-green. Entire throat metallic violet-red. Auriculars black ; white line behind the eye. Breast shining bluish-green. Abdomen ashy-brown. Under tail coverts the same mar- gined with white. Wings purplish-brown. Tail bluish-black. Bill black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2 J in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, f in. Female. Upper parts grass-green. Entire under parts reddish-buff. Median rectrices dark green ; base of lateral ones dark green, remaining parts steel-black, the two outermost feathers tipped with white. 2. Oreopyra leucaspis. Oreopyra leucaspis, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 264.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 141 (1861). Metallura castaneiventris, Ebich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 8 (1853).— Id., Troch. Bnum., p. 5 (1855). Anthocephala castaneiventris, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 203.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 115, J . Hob. Chiriqui. Male. Top of head brilliant metallic light green. Upper part dark grass-green. Breast shining bright green. Throat pure white. Abdomen and under tail coverts grayish-brown, the latter margined with grayish-white. Wings purple-brown. 5 July, 1878. 34 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Tail steel-black. Bill black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1§ in. Culmen, ^ in. Female. Upper parts grass-green. White line behind the eye. Auriculars black. Entire under parts reddish-buff. Median rectrices bronze-green. Lateral ones bronze-green at base graduating into black, with white tips. Bill black. 3. Oreopyra cinereicauda. Oreopyra cinereicauda, Lawr., Ann. N. Y. Lyo. Nat. Hist., vol. viii, p. 485, vol. ix, p. 125. Oreopyra casianeiventris, Lawr., Ann. N. Y. Lye. Nat. Hist., vol. ix, p. 124 (partim). Hah. Costa Eica. Male. This species differs from 0. leucaspis in the coloring of the tail, which is ashy-white. The under tail coverts are also paler. The bill is also longer. Total length, 4^ in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, | in. The female is exactly like that of 0. leucaspis, but has a longer bill. The next genus is composed of species remarkable for their coloration, and the high elevations at which they live. They are robust birds, the majority nearly pure white beneath, and all possessing brilliant throats. The sexes are very different in coloration, and the females of two of the species are so much alike that it is impossible to distinguish them apart, rendering it absolutely necessary that their correct localities should be given, to enable the birds to be satisfactorily determined. Genus XV.— OREOTEOCHILUS. Oreotrochilus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 10. OrotrocJiilus, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 15 (1860). Ch. " Bill longer than the head, almost cylindrical, but slightly curved downwards ; wings rather large and powerful ; tail large and rounded, the feathers narrow, rather pointed and rigid ; feet strong, the hind toe and nail about equal in length to the middle toe and nail ; tarsi clothed with feathers." (Gould, 1. c.) Range. West coast of South America, from Ecuador to Chili, along the Andes at considerable elevations. Six species are known. Type. 0. estellce, D'Orb. 0. pichincha, Bourc. Fig. 15. Or&jt^ociiilua j^hinclia. ^ . Quito. "Whitely. 1. 2. 0. pichincha. 0. chimborazo. 3. 0. estellse. 4. 5. 6. 0. leucopleurus. 0. melanogasler. 0. adelae. OREOTROCHILUS. 35 Key to the species. A. Under parts white. a. Head and throat snining violet-blue. b. Head violet-blue, throat metallic-green. c. Head brown, throat metallic-green, abdomen chestnut. d. Head brown, throat green, abdomen steel-blue. B. Under parts black, throat metallic-green. C. Under parts deep chestnut, central line of black, throat metallic-green. 1. Oreotrochilus pichinclia. Trochilus pichincha, Bouec. and Muls., Ann. Acad. So., Lyon (1849), p. 427. Oreotrochilus jamesonii, Jard., Oontr. Ornith. (1849), p. 42. Oreotrochilus pichincha, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 76 (1850).— Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. —Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 68. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 63.— Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 15 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum. (1855), p. 12. Orotrochilus pichincha, Cab. and Eein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 15. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 162. Eah. Ecuador, volcanoes of Pichincha and Cotopaxi. Male. Head and throat violet-blue, bounded beneath by a line of black. Upper parts olive-green. Wings purple-brown. Under parts pure white; a line of green- ish-black down the centre of abdomen. Under tail coverts olive-green with light brown margins. Upper tail coverts bright green. Median rectrices dark green; outermost ones white at base, greenish-black for the remainder of their length ; rest of tail feathers white, margined on outer webs with brownish-black. Bill and feet black. Total length, 5 J in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2^ in. Culmen, f in. Female. Entire upper parts olive-green ; throat white, each feather tipped with olive, under parts olive-brown, the feathers margined with brownish-white. Median rectrices dark green, remainder greenish-brown, white at base, and a white spot on the inner web at its tip. 2. Oreotrochilus chimborazo. Trochilus chimborazo, Delatt., Bouec, Rev. Zool. (1846), p. 305. Oreotrochilus chimborazo, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 69. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 62. — Geat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 3. — Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 15. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 66.— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. Orotrochilus chimborazo. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 15 (note 5).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 166. nah. Ecuador, volcano of Chimborazo. Male. This species diifers from the pichincha in having a triangular spot of bril- liant metallic-green on the throat. In all other respects the two are very similar in color and dimensions. The female is so much like that of pichincha that it is impossible to tell them apart, and an authentic locality is necessary to enable one to arrive at a correct determination. 36 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 3. Oreotrochilus estellse. Trochilus estella, D'Okb and LaPkes., Syn. Av., no. 31, p. 32 (1838). Orthorhynchus estella, D'Oeb, Voy. Amer. Merid., t. iv (1835-44), p. 376, pi, 61, fig. 1. Trochilus cicilioe, Less., Kev. Zool. (1839), p. 43. Oreotrochilus estelloe, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 70.— Id., Intr. TrooL, octavo ed., p. 63.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 76.— Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 1. — Ebioh., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 15.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12.— Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 142. Orotrochilus estelloe, Cab. and Hein., Mas. Hein. Th., iii, p. 16.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 169. Hah. Bolivia, Peru. Male. Head and upper jDarts olive-brown, passing to coppery-green on the upper tail coverts. Throat brilliant grass-green, bordered beneath by a line of black. Flanks olive-brovrn ; breast and abdomen vphite, in the centre of the latter a line of deep chestnut. Under tail coverts olive-brown. Median rectrices dark green with bronze reflections ; remainder white, bordered on the outer webs with black. Wings purpHsh-brown. Bill black. Total length, 5 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2^ in. Culmen, f in. Female differs from the male in having the throat white, spotted with brown ; under parts rufous-brown; and the lateral tail feathers white, crossed with a band of green in the centre. Dimensions the same as those of the male. 4. Oreotrochilus leucopleurus. Oreotrochilus leucopleurus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 10. — Id., Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 71. — Id., Intr. Troch. octavo ed., p. 63. — Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 2. — Beioh., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 15 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12.— Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 76 (1850). Orotrochilus leucopleurus, Gab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 16. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 172. Hah. Chili. ^ Male. This species difi'ers from the estella; mainly by having the centre of the abdomen bluish-black instead of chestnut; and perhaps there is less of the blackish- brown margin on the white lateral rectrices. In dimensions the two species are about the same. Female. The remarks already made regarding the females oi pichincha and cMm- horazo may be repeated here ; as without a knowledge of the locality the female of the present bird cannot be determined from that of estelloe. 5. Oreotrochilus melanogaster. Oreotrochilus melanogaster, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 10.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 72.— Id., Iiitr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 64.— Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104.— Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 76.— Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 15.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12. Orotrochilus melanogaster, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 15 (note 6).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 176. Hah. Peru (Maraynioc, Jelski). Male. Upper parts olive-brown ; throat metallic grass-green ; under parts bluish- black. Upper tail coverts shining green, under coverts olive-brown margined with LAMPORNIS. 3t Tail steel-blue with green reflections. Bill and feet black. Total length, bufF. 4fin. Wing 2| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. Female. Upper parts light brown with a greenish lustre. Upper tail coverts shining green. Throat white, unspotted. Under parts brownish-white tinged with buff. Under tail coverts buffy-brown. Tail shining green, all the lateral feathers tipped with white. 6. Oreotrochilus adelae. Trochilus adela, D'Orb and LaFres., Syn. Av. (1838), no. 32, p. 33. Orthorhynchus adela, D'Orb, Voy. Amer. Merid. Atl., pi. 61, fig. 2, p. 377, vol. iv. Oreotrochilus adelce, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 73. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 64. — Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 104, sp. 4.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 76.— Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 15. — Id. Troch. Enum., p. 12.— Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 142. Orotrochihis adelce, Cab. and Hein., Mas. Hein. Th., iii, p. 15 (note 4). — Mcls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn. ii, p. 174. Hab. Bolivia Male. Upper surface olive-brown. Throat metallic grass-green. Under parts deep chestnut, with a central line of black. Under tail coverts olive-brown edged with buff. Tail cuneate shape ; median feathers dark brown, remainder pale buff margined with olive-brown ; outer webs almost wholly of this color. Shafts white. Bill and feet black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail 2| in. Culmen, 1 in. Female differs by having the throat white, spotted with olive-brown ; under parts wholly rufous ; and the lateral tail feathers buff with a subterminal black bar, and tipped with white on the inner web. Genus XVI.— LAMPOENIS. Lampornis, Swains., Zool. Journ., vol. iii (1827), p. 358. Anthracothorax, Boie, Isis (1831), p. 546. Smarag dites , Boie, Isis (1831),' p. 547. Flor esia, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 11. Hyp ophanta, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 11. MargarocKrysis, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 11. End ox a, Hein., Journ. fiir Ornith. (1868), p. 179. €fh. Bill longer than the head, curved; wings long as median rectrices. Tail slightly forked. Feet moderate, tarsi bare. Sexes unlike in plumage. Range. Mexico, Central America, West India Islands of Hayti, Porto Eico, Jamaica, and St. Thomas. Vene- zuela, Guiana, Brazil, and Columbia. Eight species are known. The genus Lampoknis, Swainson (1. c), had for types the T. mango, Linn., T.pella, Linn., and the T. niger, Swain., Type. T. mango, Linn. T. tiolicauda, Bodd. T. dominicus, Linn. T. porphyrurus, Shaw. T. dominicus, Linn. T. dominicus, Linn. T. mango, Linn. Fig. 16. Zampomis violicauda. S . Caraccas^ Salle. 38 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 111. Zool. The second of these is the type of Topaza, Gray, the third under its proper name of Fuscus, Vieill., is the type of Floeisuga, Bon., leaving the T. mango, Linn. {^= jporphyrurus, Auct.), as the type of Lampornis, Swains. The genus Smaragdites, Boie (1. c.), is a composite one. The first species cited hy him is Trochilus viridissimus, but as no author's name is given, it is impossible to say what species is intended. The next is T. aurulentus, Vieill. (= T. dominir cus, Linn.), and this I have adopted as the type of his genus. Key to the species. A. Throat blank. a. Under surface black. a'. The green flanks separated from the black abdomen by a line of blue. 1. L. violicauda. h'. Sides of neck metallic purplish-red. 2. L. mango. b. Under surface golden-green, centre of abdomen bluish-green. 3. L. prevosti. B. Entire under surface shining green. 4. L. viridis. C. Throat metallic-green, breast blue. 5. L. verayuensis. D. Throat metallic grass-green. a. Middle of breast and abdomen black, flanks green. 6. L. gramineus. b. Breast and under surface purplish-black. 7. L. calosoma. E. Throat metallic yellowish-green, breast and under surface black. 8. L. dominicus. Green and black are the principal hues in the plumage of these birds. They are moderate in size, and their metallic colors are chiefly confined to the throat and breast. 1. Lampornis violicauda. Trocliilus violicauda, Bodd., Tab. Plan. Enlum. d'Aubent, no. 671, fig. 2 (1783). Trochilus albus, Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i, p. 488, sp. 34.? Trochilus punctulatus, Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i, p. 488, sp. 33. ? — Lath., Iiid. Orn., vol. i, p. 306, sp. 15. ? Trochilus nitidus, Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 305 (1790). Trochilus nigricollis, quadricolor, atricapillus, and punctatus, Bonnt., Vieill., Enoy. M6th., pp. 553, sp. 20 ; 555, sp. 28 ; 553, sp. 22 ; 550, sp. 9. Trochilus fasciatus, Shaw, Gen. Zool., vol. viii, p. 303. Trochilus lazulus, Less., Trait. Orn., p. 290 (1832). Trochilus mango, D'Orb. and Lafres, Syn. Av., ii, p. 32, sp. 26 (1838). Folytmus mango, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 107, sp. 10 (1844-19). Anthracothorax mango, Keich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 11. — Id., Trook Enum. (1855), p. 8, t. 791, figs. 4839-41. Lampornis mango, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 74. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 64, et Auct. Lampornis iridescens, Gould., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 65 (1861). Lampornis violicauda, Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 351, and (1877) p. 141. Hob. Brazil, Guiana, Venezuela, Panama, and Columbia. Male. Upper surface and flanks golden-green. Throat and abdomen black, separated from the green of the flanks by a line of blue ; under tail coverts violet- brown, or green varying in diff'erent specimens. Median rectrices bronzy-green, lateral ones violet-red, margined with steel-blue. Bill and feet black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, | in. Female difi'ers in having the centre of the throat, breast, and abdomen black, bordered with white. Under tail coverts bronzy-green edged with grayish-white ; LAMPORNIS. 39 median rectrices bronzeTgreen, lateral ones steel-blue, glossed with green on the outer webs, and tipped with white. Obs. I have examined Mr. Gould's type of L. iridescens, and in my opinion the difFerence in color that it exhibits is too slight and unimportant to entitle it to a separate rank. 2. Lampomis mango. Mango-bird, Albin, Birds, vol. iii, p. 45, t. 49, fig. 6. Trochilus mango, Linn., Syst. Nat., p. 191, sp. 10 (1766).— Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), p. 491. Trochilus porphyrurus, Shaw, Nat. Misc., vol. ix, pi. 333, et Auct. Polytmus porphyrurus, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 20. Lampomis mango, Gosse., Birds, Jamaica (1847), p. 88.— Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 350. Lampomis floresi, Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. — Id., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 72 (1850). Floresia porphyrura, Reich., Aufz. der Cplib., p. 11. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 8, t. 795, fig. 4849-50 (1855). Anthracothorax porphyrurus, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 8, pi. 795, fig. 4849-50 (1855). Lampomis porphyrura. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 19 (1860). Endoxa porphyrura, Heine, Journ. fUr Ornith. (1863), p. 179. Lampomis porphyrurus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 81. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 67. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 163. Hah. Jamaica. Adult. Upper parts dark olive-brown, becoming greenish on tbe upper tail coverts, and glossed with purple on the nape. From the bill on each side of the neck is a broad band of metallic-purple, very brilliant. Throat and breast velvety- black, becoming brownish-black on abdomen and flanks. Under tail coverts dark green. Median rectrices brownish-black, lateral ones rich shining purple margined with steel-blue. Bill black. A white spot on each flank. Total length, 5 in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. Some specimens have the chin green and the throat purplish-green. Mr. Gould says these are females. I have not been able to ascertain that this is a fact from any one who has dissected the specimens. 3. Lampomis prevosti. Trochilus prevosti, Less., Nat. Hist. Col., p. 87, pi. 24 (1831). Polytmus prevosti, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 15. Anthracothorax prevosti, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 8, pi. 792, fig. 4842-44 (1855). Lampomis prevosti, Gould., Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 75. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 65 (1861). — Bon., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 72 (1850). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 160.— Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. Hab. Mexico, and Central America to Costa Eica. Male. Upper surface, sides of neck, flanks, and abdomen bright golden-green. Chin and throat velvety-black. Centre of breast and abdomen bluish-green. Vent white. Under tail coverts purple. Median rectrices bronze-green; lateral ones purplish-red or bright violet margined with brownish-black. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, If in. Culmen, 1 in. Female. Similar to the female of L. violicauda, but the lateral rectrices are chestnut-red with a subterminal bar of steel-blue and tipped with white. 40 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 4. Lampornis viridis. Trochilus viridis, Aud. and Yieill., Ois. Dor. (1802), vol. i, p. 34, pi. xv. Agyrtria viridis, Reich., Trooh. Enum., p. 7, pi. 76.5, figs. 4771-72 (1855). Chalybura viridis, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 10 (1853). Lampornis viridis, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 78. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 66. — Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 348.— Bon., Oonsp. Av., vol. i, p. 71 (1850).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 172. Hab. Porto Rico. Male. Upper surface bronzy-green. Entire under surface shining grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Tail deep blue, with green reflections, and edged at tip with white. Bill black. Total length, 41 in. Wing, 2^%- in. Tail, l^ in. Culmen, 1 in. Female. Head brown. Upper parts golden-green. Under parts grayish-white, tinged with green on the flanks. Median rectrices bronze-green, lateral ones steel- blue on their inner webs, bronzy-brown on the outer, and tipped with white. Bill black. 5. Lampornis veraguensis. Lampornis veraguensis, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 76. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 65 (1861). — Gab. and Hbin., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 18 (I860).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 146. Sericotes veraguensis, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853). Anthracothorax {Sericotes)veraguensis, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 9, pi. 793, fig. 4848 (1855). Hah. Veragua. Male. Upper surface golden-green. Throat glittering grass-green. Breast shin- ing blue, which color also reaches to the centre of the abdomen, flanks golden-green. Under tail coverts purple. Middle tail feathers bronzy-green, lateral ones bright purple margined with steel-blue. Wings piirplish-brown. Bill black. Total length, 4 J in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, If in. Culmen, | in. Female has the centre of the throat and abdomen dark green, bordered with white. Lateral tail feathers chestnut, with a subterminal steel-blue bar, and tipped with white. Rest like the male. 6. Lampornis gramineus. Trochilus gramineus, Gmel., Syst. Nat., vol. i, p. 488 (1788). Trochilus maculatus, Gmel., Syst. Nat., vol. i, p. 488 (1788). Trochilus pectoralis. Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 306 (1790). Trochilus gularis. Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 563, Juv. Trochilus marmoratus, Vieill., Ency. M6th., p. 567, Juv. Polytmus dominicus. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 11 (nee Linn.). Lampornis gramineus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 77. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. G5. Moi.s. Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 148. Lampornis graminea, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 18 (1860). Hah. Guiana, Venezuela. Male. Upper parts golden-green. Wings purplish-brown. Throat brilliant grass- green ; flanks golden-green, with a white spot on each side. Centre of breast and abdomen black. Under tail coverts purplish-green. Median rectrices dark brown LAMPORNIS. 41 with steel-blue reflections, lateral ones violet, margined and tipped with steel-blue. Bill black. Total length, 41 in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, If in. Culmen, lj\ in. Female differs in having the throat white, with the central portion black. Median tail feathers bronzy-green with black tips, lateral ones chestnut with a purple gloss, and a subterminal bluish-black bar and Avhite tips. The young male has the sides of the throat and abdomen chestnut ; centre of throat shining green bordered with white; and the centre of abdomen black bordered with white. Tail similar to that of the female. 7. Lampornis calosoma. Chrysolampis chlorolcemus, Elliot, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. vi, p. 34C (1870). Lampornis calosoma, Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 351.- — Mdls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 177. ffal). ■? Male. Top of head and neck pale metallic silvery-green, in some lights purplish ; a black band across the back, rest of upper parts dark green; tail fiery copper color, feathers margined with blackish-purple ; throat brilliant emerald-green ; under parts purplish-black ; spot of white on the flanks ; under tail coverts chestnut. Bill black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2J in. Tail, if in. Culmen, f in. Descrip- tion taken from the unique type in my collection. Female. Unknown. 8. Lampornis dominicus. Trochilus dominicus, Linn., Syst. Nat. (1766), p. 191, 5.— Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i, p. 489.— Lath., Ind. Orn., t. i, p. 309. Trochilus margaritaceus, Gmel., Syst. Nat., p. 490 (1788), J. Trochilus aurulentus, Vieill., Ois. Dor. (1802), pi. xii.— Shaw., Gen. Zool., t. viii (1811), p. 306. Polytmus margaritaceus, Geat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 13 (1844-49). Lampornis margaritaceus, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 72, sp. 5 (1850). Margarochrysis aurulenta, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., t. 784, figs. 4822-23 (1855). . Hypophania dominica, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11. — Id., Troch Enum., p. 9, t. 795, figs. 4845-6. Lampornis aurulentus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 79.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 66.— Muls., Hist. ' Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 152. Lampornis virginalis, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 80.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 66. Eulampis aurulentis, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Bon., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 71. Lampornis dominicus, Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 349. Eah. St. Thomas, St. Domingo, Porto Rico. Male. Upper surface dark yellowish-green. Throat metaUic golden-green. Under surface black, with green flanks, and a spot of white on each. • Under tail coverts dark purple. Wings purplish-brown. Median rectrices dark bronzy-green, lateral ones purple-violet bordered with steel-blue. Bill black. Total length, 5 in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. Feinale differs in having all the under surface gray, and the lateral tail feathers purple-chestnut with a subterminal black bar and white tips. 6 August, 1878. 42 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Genus XVTI.— EULAMPIS. Eulampis , Boie, Isis (1831), p. 547. Oulampis, Less., Ind. Gen. et Synop. du Genr. Troch., p. vii (1832). Sericotes , Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853). Type. T. jugularis, Linn. T. jugularis, Linn. T. holosericeus, Linn. Fig. 17. CJi. Bill longer than the head ; curved ; fea- thers of forehead projecting upon the culmen; nostrils partly covered ; wings very long. Tail moderate, even, or slightly forked. Tarsi bare. Sexes alike. Range. Islands of the West Indies. Key to the species. A. Breast and throat luminous green, bordered beneatli with blue. B. Breast and throat shining vinous-purple. Eulampis jugularU. i? . 74D10. Dominica. 1. E. holosericeus. 2. E. jugularis. The members of this genus are closely allied to those of Lampoenis ; but, in addition to other characters, they possess luminous upper tail coverts, which render them very conspicuous. They are apparently more robust in form than the majority of the species of Lampoenis. 1. Eulampis holosericeus. Trochilus holosericeus, Linn., Syst. Nat. (1766), vol. i, p. 191, sp. 11. — Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 305. — Less. Colib., p. 76, t. 20. Polytmus holosericeus, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 12 (1844-49). Eulampis holosericeus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 83. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 68. — Box., Consp. Av., vol. i (1850), p. 72.— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 352.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 134. Eulampis chlorolcemus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 84. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 68. — Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. Sericotes chlorolcemus, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853). Sericotes holosericeus, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853). Anthracothorax {Sericotes) holosericeus, Rekh., Troch. Bnum., p. 9, t. 794, fig. 4847 (1855). Anthracothorax chlorolcemus, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 9 (1855). Lampornis holosericeus. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 19 (1860). Lampornis chlorolcemus. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 19 (note) (1860). Eulampis longirostris, Gould, Inti. Troch., octavo cd., p. 69 (1861). Hah. St. Thomas, St. Croix, Martinique, Dominica, Santa Lucia. Adult. Upper surface dark green. Wings purplish-brown. Throat and breast bright grass-green, bordered beneath by a patch of shining blue. Eest of under LAFRBSNAYA. 43 parts black. Upper and under tail coverts glittering blue, some feathers with green reflections. Bill black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2 J in. Tail, 11 in. Culmen, i in. 2. Sulampis jugularis. Trochihisjugularis, Linn., Syst. Nat. (1766), p. 190, sp. 7.— Lath., Ind. Orn. (1790), vol. i, p. 305, sp. 12. Trochilus auratus, violaceiis, venustissimus, and cyanomelas, Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i, pp. 487, sp. 29 ; 488, sp. 41; 490, sp. 37 ; 498, sp. 62. Trochilus cyaneus, granatinus, and hancrofti, Lath., Ind. Orn. (1790), vol. i, pp. 309, sp. 25 ; 305, sp. 11 ; 317, sp. 53. Souimanga prasmoptire, Vieill, Ois. Dor. (1802), vol. ii, p. 65. Certliia prasinoptera, Spare., Mus. Carlson, t. 81. Trochilus [Culampis) auratus, Less., Ind. Gen. Synop. Genr..Troch., p. vii (1831) (Les TrochilidiE). Polytmus jugularis. Ghat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 19 (1844-49). Topaza violacea. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110, sp. 2. Eulampis jugularis, Gould, Mon. Trocli., vol. ii, pi. 82. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 67. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 72 (1850).— Id., Kev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9, t. 796, figs. 4851-52 (1855).— Gab. and Uein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 17. — Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 352. — Mcls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 131. Hah. Islands of Nevis, Martinique, Dominica, and Santa Lucia. Adult. Upper parts velvety-black; wings and their coverts glittering dark green. Chin, throat, and breast shining vinous purple. Abdomen black. Upper and under tail coverts shining bluish-green. Tail dark dull-green. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, If in. Culmen, | in. Genus XVIII.— LAFRESNAYA. Calothorax, Geat (nee 1840), Gen. of Birds, vol. i, p. 110 (1848). Lafresnay a , Bon., Compt. Rend. (1850) p. 380. Entima, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 51 (1860). Euclosia , MtJLS. and Veer., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 63. Ch. Bill weak, slender, much curved, about one-half as long as the body. Wings long, pointed; primaries curving inwards ; outer web on the first hardly perceptible, inner webs very narroAv. Tail nearly even, feathers pointed. Under tail coverts reaching two-thirds the length of rectrices. Feet moderate, tarsi clothed. Sexes dif- ferent in plumage. Bange. Venezuela, Columbia, and Ecuador. Type. T. flavicaudata, Fras.? T.jlavicaudata, Fras. T. gayi, Bourc. T. flavicaudata, Fras. Fig. 18. Za/resnaj/a flavicaudata, 3'. Bogota. "WhitelT; J^ey to the species. A. Breast green, abdomen black. a. Lateral rectrices buff, margined and tipped with bronzy-brown, b. Lateral rectrices white, tipped with bronze-green, 1. L. fiavicaudata. 2. L. gayi. ^^ SYNOPSIS OF THE HTJ MMI N G-B I RD S. These birds are characterized by a rather stout form, slender curved bills, metallic creen breast and black abdomens. 1. Lafresnaya flavicaudata. Trochilus Lafresnayi, Boisson, Kev. Zool. (1840), p. 8 (January). Trochilusflavicaudatus, Fras, F. Z. S. (1840), p. 18 (February). Calotliorax Lafresnayi, Gray, Gen. Birds, rol. i, p. 110. Lafresnayaflavicaudatus, Bon., Consp. Geu. Av., vol. i, p. 68 (1850). Lafresnayaflavicaudata, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 11.-Id., Troch. Enum., p. 8, pi. 785, figs 4824-2.5. -Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 85.-Id., Intr. Trocli., octavo ed., p. 69.-Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. Entima Lafresnayi, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 51 (1860). Eadosia Lafresnaya, Muls., Hist. N it. Troch., vol. ii, p. 187. ]Iab. Columbia. Male. Entire upper parts dark grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Throat, breast, and flanks metallic grass-green ; abdomen black. Median rectrices shining bronze-green. Lateral feathers buff, margined and tipped with bronzy-brown. Under tail coverts buff, tipped with bronze-green. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 21 in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, 1 in. Female has under surface deep buff, spotted on the throat with green. Flanks , green ; whitish on abdomen. Rest like the male. 2. Lafresnaya gayi. Trochilus gayi, Bourc. and Muls., Ann. Soc. d'Agr., Lyon (1846), p. 325. Trochilus ^aulcB, Bourc. and Dblatt., Rev. Zool. (1846), p. 309. Calofhorax gayi, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110, sp. 2. Calothorax saulx. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i,.p. 110, sp. 3. Lafresnaya gayi, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 68.— Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11.— Id., Troch. Enmn., p. 8, t. 786, fig. 4826-27.— Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 86. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. G9. Lafresnaya saulae, Bon., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 68.— Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 11.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 8, t. 786, fig. 4828-29.— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed.,. p. 70. Entima gayi. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 51 (1860). Euclosia gayi, Muls., Hist. Nat. Troch., vol. ii, p. 190. Hah. Venezuela and Ecuador. Male. Precisely like the L. /lavicauclata, except that the lateral rectrices are white tipped with black or greenish-bronze, and the under tail coverts are also white tipped with green. Dimensions the same. Female has the under surface white spangled with green, rest like the male. The L. saulas, Bourc, cannot be separated from the present species. Bourcier's types are in my collection, and I can see no difference whatever between them and specimens of L. gayi. Tlie coloring of the tips of the rectrices varies, and evidently is not a specific character. The species inhabits Venezuela and Ecuador, having rather oddly the L. flavicaudata dwelling in Columbia, just between these two localities. The Chaltbur^ are distinguished from all known Humming-birds by the great development of their plume-like under tail coverts, which peculiarity is observed CHALYBIJRA. 45 to exist in both sexes, although the color of their plumage is quite diflferent. The males with one exception are clothed in green, which hue is most luminous on the under surface. In the single species that differs from the rest, the under parts are blue. Although this genus is placed immediately after Lafresnaya as being the nearest' to it of those known, it yet presents certain characters differing so greatly from any found in that genus, that we may reasonably suppose another form yet remains to be discovered, that will take its place between them, and make "the chain more complete. Genus XIX.— CHALYBURA. Chalyhur a, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 10 (1853). Gy ano chloris , Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 10 (1853). Hypuroptila, Gould, Mon. Troch., pt. vii (1853). — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 72 (1861). Met lion, MuLS., Cat. Ois. Monch. (1875), p. 7. CTi. Bill longer than the head, broad at base, slightly curving towards the tip. Wings long. Tail slightly forked. Under tail coverts greatly developed, plume- like. Sexes unlike in the color of their plumage. Range. From Veragua through Central America, Venezuela, Columbia. Five species are known. Key to the species. Under parts green. a. Under tail coverts white. a'. Tail bluish-black, sometimes glossed with bronze, b'. Tail golden-bronze, c'. Tail bronzy-purple. b. Under tail coverts black B. Under parts blue. 1. Chalybura buffoni. Type. T. hvffoni, Less. T. cceruleiventris, Gould. T. buffoni, Less. T. cceruleiventris, Gould. Fig. 19. Chali/iura liuffimi. ^ ad. Venezuola. Goering. 1. C. hiiffoni. 2. G. urochrysea. 3. C. isaurse. 4. G. melanorrJioa. 5. C. caeruleivenlris. Trochilus huffoni. Less., Trochil., p. 34, pi. 15 (1831). Polylmus huffoni, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108. Lamporm's buffoni, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 72.— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. i, p. 170. Chalybura buffoni, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 10 (1853).— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 20 (I860).— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 72 (1861). Agyrtria huffoni, Reich., Troch. Bnum., p. 7, t. 766, figs. 4773-74 (1855). Hypuroptila huffoni, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 89. Chalybura ceneicauda, Lawb., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc, Phil. (1865), p. 38 (e.x Venezuela). 46 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Hah. Venezuela and Columbia. Male. Upper surface bronze-green, becoming a brighter bronze on the upper tail coverts. Entire under surface shining emerald-green. Under tail coverts are pure white, and greatly developed. Wings purple-brown. Tail bluish-black, glossed Avith bronze, this latter color most conspicuous on the middle feathers. Bill black. Total length, 4;j in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, 1 in. Specimens from Venezuela have the tail feathers frequently very much glossed with bronze, and this style has been named ccneicauda by Lawrence. Female differs in having the chin grayish-white, rest of under surface gray, the feathers tipped Avith green. Median rectrices bronze-green, tips blue-black, lateral ones blue-black tipped with white. Eest like the male. *2. Chalybura urochrysea. Hypuroptila urochrysea, Gould, P. Z. S. (1861), p. 198. — Id., Alon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 90. Chalybura urochrysea, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 72 (1861). Lampornis urochrysi'a, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 176. — Salv., P. Z. S. (1867), p. 131. JIab. Panama. The type, which is unique, differs from the C. hvffoni chiefly in the coloring of the tail, and as we know that specimens of the bird just named, from Venezuela, have frequently bronzy tail feathers, it is very questionable if the present is really a dis- tinct species. Mr. Gould's description is as follows: — Head and upper surface dark-green, becoming of a bronzy-hue on the wing and upper tail covers : wings purplish-brown ; tail rich golden-bronze both above and beneath ; throat and breast grass-green ; abdomen bronzy-green ; thighs, vent, and under tail coverts pure white, upper mandible black, lower mandible fleshy-red with a black tip. Tarsi yellow or flesh-color. Total length, 4| in. Bill, 1^ in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1| in. 3. Chalybura isaurae. Hypuroptila isaurce, Gould, P. Z. S. (1861), p. 199. Chalybura isaurce, Salv., P. Z. S. (1867), p 131, J .—Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 72. Lampornis isaurce, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 174. Hah. Veragua, Costa Eica (Gould). Head and back dark grass-green ; rump and upper tail coverts purplish. Win^s purphsh-brown. Throat and breast very dark blue-green ; flanks dark mouse-color glossed with green. Under tail coverts white. Tail dark bronze, purplish on the lateral rectrices. Maxilla black ; mandible flesh-color, tip black. Feet and tarsi flesh-color. Total length, 4f in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, If in. Culmen, 1 in. The above is taken from a fine adult male specimen, collected by Arce in Veragua. Female. Head and upper parts green. Rump and tail shining bronze. Wings brown Under parts ashy, crissum white. Two lateral rectrices tipped with white. Maxilla brownish, mandible flesh-color, tip broAvn. TLORISUGA. 47 4. Chalybura melanorrhoa. Clmlyhura melanorrhoa, Salv., P. Z. S. (1864), p. 585. Chalybura carmiolt, Lawe., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila. (1865), p. 39. Lamporms melanorrhoa, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 174. Hob. Costa Rica, Yeragua. Male. Head and upper parts dark grass-green. Eump purplish-bronze. Wings purplish-brown. Under parts very dark shining grass-green. Abdomen dark brown glossed with, green. Under tail coverts black. Tail dark bronzy-purple. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1| in. Cul- men, | in. 5. Chalybura caeruleiventris. Trochilus cceruleogaster, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 96. Polytmus cceruleogaster, Geat, Gen. Birds, vol. 1, p. 108, sp. 18. Cyanochloris cceruletventris, Reich., Aufz. d«r Oolib., p. 10 (1853). Agyrtria {chalybura) caeruleiventris, Reich., Trocli. Enum., p. 7, pi. 767, figs. 4775-76 (1855). Chalybura cceruleiventris. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 20 (1860). Hypuropttla cceruleogaster, Gould, Mon. Trocli., vol. ii, pi. 91. Chalybura cceruleogaster, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 73 (1861). Lamporms caruleiventris, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. — Id., Oonsp. Av., p. 72. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 168. Ilah. Columbia. Male. Upper parts dark grass-green. Chin and throat shining green, graduating into a rich dark blue on the breast and abdomen. Flanks and lower parts of abdo- men green. Under tail coverts pure white. Tail black, with steel-blue reflections. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, 1 in. Female. Diff'ers from the male in having the under surface pale gray. Median rectrices bronzy-green, remainder bluish-black, with the two outermost feathers tipped with white. Genus XX.— FLORISUGA. Type. Orthorhynchus, 111. Prod. Syst. Mamtn., etc., p. 209 (1811) (necLACEPED., 1799-1800). T. melh'vorus, Linn. Lampornis , Less, (nee Swains., 1827), Tab. Esp. Ois. Mouch. (1829), p. xxiii. T. mellivorus, Linn. T. mellivorus, Linn. Florisuga, Bon., Compt. Rend., p. 382 (1850). Gh. Bill strong, nearly straight, about as long as the head. Tail ample, slightly rounded. Wings nearly as long as the rectrices. Upper tail coverts reaching nearly to the tips of the median rectrices. Sexes unlike. -Range. Central America from Gua- temala, northern parts of South America and the Amazonian region of Brazil; island of Tobago, Columbia, Peru. But two species are known. Fig. 20. I'lurisuga mcllioora. S, Boeota. "WMtoly; 48 SYNOPSIS OP THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Key to the species. A. Head and breast blue, back green, nape and abdomen white. 1. F. melUvora. B. Head and under parts black, back very ds^rk green. 2. F. fusca. These birds possess the general form of those composing the genus Chaltbura, and with rather long under tail coverts'; not, however, plume-like as in the others. The plumage is blue, green, and white, or black, and a peculiar feature is the pure white tail tipped with purplish-brown. 1. Florisuga mellivora. Troclnlus melUvorus, Linn., Syst. Nat. (1766), vol. i, p. 193.— Gmel., Syst. Nat., torn, i, p. 499. — Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 310, sp. 34. Trochilus fimbrmtus, Linn., Syst. Nat. (1766), vol. i, p. 193. Mellisuga surinamensis, Steph., Gen. Zool., vol. xiv, p. 243, sp. 3. Ornismya mellivora, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 90, t. 21-22 (1829). Florisuga melUvora, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 73 (1850).— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253.— Gould, Mon. Trocli., vol. ii, pi. 113.— Id., Intr. Trooh., octavo cd., p. 80.— Reich., Troch. Euum., p. 12 (1855).— Id., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853).— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 29.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 178. Trochilus (■ t),flahellifera, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 45. Topaza mellivora, Geay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110, sp. 6. Topaza fimbriata, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110, sp. 7. Topaza flabellif era, Geay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110, sp. 8. Florisuga flabellif era, Gould, Mon. Trooh., vol. ii, pi. 114. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 81. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 74, sp. 3. — Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 29 (note).- Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253. Hah. Central America from Guatemala, southward through Columbia and Peru ; islands of Tobago and Trinidad; Venezuela, Guiana, and the Amazonian region of Brazil. Male. Head and neck dark shining cobalt-blue. Across the nape of the neck, a cuneate-shaped white band, rest of upper parts dark shining grass-green. "VVings purplish-brown. Upper part of breast and flanks shining grass-green. Rest of under parts pure white. Upper tail coverts very long, same color as the back. Tail pure white, feathers margined and tipped with purplish-brown. Bill black. Total length, 4j in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, | in. Female. Upper parts bronzy-green, dullest on the crown. Throat and upper part of breast white spotted with dark brown, flanks and upper parts of abdomen grass-green : rest of under parts white. Under tail coverts blackish-brown tipped with white. Tail bronzy-green, with a subterminal bar of deep blue, and the tips white. I have placed the F. flabellifera of Gould among the synonyms of this species, as it has no claims whatever to. be considered a distinct species, not being even a local variety. 2. Florisuga fusca. Trochilus fuscus, Vieill., Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. (1817), vol. vii, p. 348. Trochihts ater, Pr. Max., Reis. Bras., vol. i, p. 366 ; vol. ii, p. 136. Troclnlus niger, Swain., Zool. 111., 1st ser., vol. ii. pi. 82. Ornismya luguhris, Less., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 132, pis. 38 ■£, , 39 5(1829). Trochilus atratus, Licht., Doubl., p. 14. PETASOPHORA. 49 Trochilus leucopygius, Spix., Av. Bras., t. i, pi. 81, fig. 3 (1824). Mellisuga atra, Shaw, Gen. Zool., t. xiv, p. 243. Topaza atra, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110, sp. 4. Florisuga atra, Bon., Consp. Av., vol. i, p. 74.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 115. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 81. Florisuga fusca, Keich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (IS.'iS).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253. — Id., Oonsp. Av., p. 74. — Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 29. — Mui.s., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 183. Hah. Brazil. Male. Head, neck, upper parts of back, and entire under surface, black. Lower part of back and rump very dark grass-green. Upper tail coverts very dark green with purple reflections. Median rectrices dark green with purple reflections (the specimen before me is more purple than green); lateral rectrices white tipped with purplish-brown. "Wings light purplish-brown. BiU black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 3 Jg in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, J in. Genus XXI.— PETASOPHORA. ^Colihri, Spix., Av. Bras. (1824), p. 80. Petasophora,^.^,. Gray, List of Gen. Birds (1840), p. 13. Coeligena, Tschud. (nee Less., 1832), Faun. Per. (1844), p. 39, subgen. 3. Lophornis , Tschud. (nee Less., 1832), Faun. Per. (1844), p. 39, subgen. 6. Pr axilla, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). Colibri, Bon., ex Spix., Oonsp. Gen. Av. (1850), p. 69. Telesiella, Reich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 13. Telesilla, Cab., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 27 (1860). De/p /linen a, "Reich.," Bon., Ann. Scien. Nat. (1854), p. 137. Fig. 21. Type. T. serrirostris, Vieill. T. serrirostris, Vieill. R. anais, IjCss. T. serrirostris, Vieill. B. anais. Less. T. cyanotis, Bourc. 0. delphinoe, Less. 0. delphinm. Less. 0. delpliince, Less.? PeUuophoraanau. $. Antioquia, Columbia. Salmon. Ch. Bill longer than the head, straight, equal in width until just at the tip, where it suddenly contracts to a sharp point. Feathers of the forehead project on to the culmen, covering the nostrils. Wings long, pointed, primaries slightly falcate. Tail broad, ample, and rounded. Feet rather large, strong; tarsi clothed. Hind toe and nail shorter than middle toe and nail. Sexes similar in plumage. Range. Central America, Venezuela, Trinidad, Guiana, Brazil, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. There are six species belonging to this genus. 7 August, 1878. 1. P. anais. 3. P. thalassina. 3. P. cyanotis. 4. P. coruscans. 5. P. serrirostris. 50 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Key to the species. A. General plumage green, metallic. a. Upper part of throat and chin, ear coverts and abdomen deep blue ; lower part of throat and breast light metallic-green. b. Throat and upper part of breast dark metallic green ; car coverts and abdomen dark blue. c. Ear coverts violet-blue ; throat and under parts metallic-green. d. Ear coverts, chin, and abdomen dark blue, throat with metallic-red reflections. e. Ear coverts metallic pnrplish-red, under tail coverts white. B. General plumage brown, not metallic. a. Ear coverts violet-blue ; throat metallic-green. 6. P. delphinse. The Petasophor^ are a strongly characterized group of birds, the species with one exception having a considerable resemblance to each other. They are of rather large size, distinguished by their metallic-blue ear coverts, metallic-green scaly-like breasts, and broad, ample bluish-green, barred tails. Their natural position in the Family is apparently after Florisuga. 1. Petasophora anais RJiampliodon anais, Less., Troch., p. 146, pi. 55 (1831). Polytmus anais, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 27. Trochilus thalassinus, (nee Swain.), Jard., Humm.-B., vol. ii, p. 47. Trochilus anais, Jard., Humm.-B., vol. ii, p. 73. Colihri anais, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 69 (1850). Praxilla anais, Eeioh., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). — Id., Troch. Ennm., p. 11 (1855). Petasophora anais, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 8. — Id., Men. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 224. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 124.— Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p, 26 (1860). — MuLs., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 144. — Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 403. Petasophora iolata, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 9. — Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 225.— Id., lutr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 124.— Cab., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 26. Polytmus iolata, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 28. Colibri iolata, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 69 (1850). Petasophora rhodotis, "Gould,'' Sauc. Mus. Hein. Praxilla iolata, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum.. p. 11 (1855). Hah. Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Adult. Entire upper surface and flanks, shining grass-green. Chin, line under the eye, ear coverts, and centre of the abdomen purplish dark blue. Breast lumi- nous green, each feather vs^ith a dark central green streak, giving this part the appearance of being scaly. Under tail coverts dark green margined with buff. Wings purplish-brown. Median rectrices bronze-green ; lateral ones bluish-green, and all possessing a subterminal chalybeate bar. Bill black ; feet brownish-black. Total length, 4|-5i in. Wing, 22-31 in. Tail, 21-21 in. Bill on culmen, | in. In immature birds the chin is blue, and the feathers of the throat are black, margined with buff and with a few metallic green feathers interspersed. The green feathers of the upper surface and flanks are also margined with grayish-buff. In other respects they resemble the adult. Occasionally melanitic individuals are met with. One before me has the upper surface olive-brown. Chin and stripe under the eye blue-black. Breast luminous olive-green. Tail dark invisible oreen with a subterminal black bar. PBTASOPHORA. 51 2. Fetasophora thalassina. Trochilus thalassina, Swains., Phil. Mag. (1827), p. 441. Omismya anais, Less., Colib., p. 104 (1831).— Id., Suppl. Ois. Moiich., t. 3. Shamphodon anais, Less., Troch., p. 148, pi. 56 (1831-2). Polytmus thalassinus, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 26. Fetasophora thalassina, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 8.— Id., Men. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 227.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 125.— Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 27 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., p. 148.— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 404. Colihri thalassinus, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 69 (1850). Praxilla thalassina, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). Hob. Mexico, Guatemala. Adult. Resembles closely the P. anais, but besides its smaller size, it may be distinguished from that species, by lacking the dark blue on the chin, this being green like the breast. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, fin. 3. Fetasophora cyauotis. Trochilus cyanotus, Bouec, Rev. Zool. (1843), p. 101.— Id., Ann. Sci. Phys., Lyons, torn, vi (1843), p. 4l. Polytmus cyanotus, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 25. Omismya anais. Less., Troch., p. 151, pi. 57 (1831-2). Petasophora cyanotus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 8.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 228.— Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Colihri cyanotis, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. C9 (1850). Praxilla cyanotis, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Petasophora cyanotis, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 125. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 26 (1860). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 150. Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 404. Petasophora cabanidis, Heine, Journ. fur Ornith. (1863), p. 182. Hah. Costa Rica, Veragua, Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. Adult. Distinguished from thalassina by having no blue upon the abdomen; this part being green like the back. Like tlialassina the chin is green like the breast. Total length, 4f in. Wing, 2f in. Tail 21 in. Culmen, | in. 4. Fetasophora corruscans/ Trochilus [Petasophora) coruscans, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 44. Polytmus corruscans. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 29. Petasophora coruscans, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 9. — Id., Mon. Troch;, vol. iv, pi. 226. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 125.— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251.— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 405. Colihri coruscans, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 69 (1850). Praxilla coruscans, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). ' I give a descriptibn of the specimen mentioned by me in the Ibis, 1876, p. 405. Upper and under surface shining grass-green, with a faint tinge of blue in the centre of the abdomen. Line under the eye and ear coverts deep blue. Chin greenish-blue. Throat metallic pink. Under tail coverts bright buff. Wings purplish-brown. Tail light bronze-green, with a subterminal blackish- brown bar. Bill and feet black. Total length, i^ in. Wing, 2| in. Tail 2 in. Culmen, | in. Should this prove eventually to represent a distinct species, I would propose the name of Petasch phora ruhrigularis. 52 SYNOPSIS OP THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Hah. Columbia'?. Adult. Resembles the P. anais, but has the feathers of the throat shining green tipped with metallic-red, and the breast and centre of abdomen blue. In other respects like anais. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, 5| in. Culmen, J-| in. The type and one specimen in my collection are all that are known of this form. 5. Petasophora serrirostris. Trochilus serrirostris, Vieill., Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. (1817), vol. 7, p. 359. Colibri crispus, Spix., Av. Bras. (1824), vol. i, p. 80, t. 81, fig. 1. Orypus vieilloti, Steph., Gen. Zool., xiv, p. 256. Trochilus petasophorus, Pk. Max., Reis. Bras., torn, ii, p. 191. — Id., Beitr., torn, iv, p. 76. — TscHnD., Faun. Per., pp. 246-8 (1844). Ornismya petasophora, Less., Ois. Moucli., p. 37, pi. 1 (1829). — D'Oeb. and Lafres., Sju. Av., ii, p. 28, sp. 12 (1838). Polytmus serrirostris. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 24. Petasophora gouldi, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 69 (1850). Petasophora serrirostris, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 69 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. ■ — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 223. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 124. — RErcn., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11. — Cab. and Hetn., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 25. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Moucii., torn, ii, p. 153.— Er.LroT, Ibis (1876), p. 406. Petasophora chalcotis, EKrcH., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Petasophora crispa, Buem., Th. Bras., torn, ii, p. 335 (1856). Hah. Brazil, Bolivia (D'Orbigny). This species has the ear coverts metallic-violet ; and can be distinguished from all of the other members of this genus, by its under tail coverts which are pure white. Total length, 4J in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, -J| in. 6. Petasophora delphinae. Ornismya delphinm, Less., Eev. Zool. (1839), p. 44.— Id., 111. Zool. (1832), pi. 64. Polytmus delphince. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp. 30. Colibri delphince, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 69 (1850). Telesiella delphince, EsroH., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Petasophora delphince, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 250. — Retch., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Gould, Mod. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 229.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 125 (1861).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 157. — Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 406. Telesilla delphince. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 27 (1860). Hah. Central America, Trinidad, Guiana, Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. Adult. Upper surface dark olive-brown; feathers of the rump and upper tail coverts margined with rufous. Ear coverts purplish-blue. Throat bronzy-green terminating in blue. Under parts light smoke-brown. Under tail coverts rufous with dark centres. Wings purplish-brown. Tail pale bronze-brown, with a sub- terminal dark brown band. Bill and feet black. Total length, 41 in. Win^, 3 in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, -| in. Young has the throat white with a central spot of metallic-green, and the under parts generally, brownish-white, darkest in the centre of chest and abdomen. PANOPLITES. 53 Following Petasophora come the members of Panoplites. These, although possessing the same form, differ entirely from each other in plumage. Exhibiting brilliant metallic colors, they yet agree only in having their upper parts green ; while the under surface is clothed in strongly contrasted colors of diverse hues. Two generic names- were proposed for the following three species: viz., Bois- sonneaua, lieich., and Panoplites, Gould, almost simultaneously, though the dates given would make the one first named have priority of about one year. Reichen- boch's genus was never defined, and has not been employed by ornithologists except in a few instances. Mr. Gould did not give a definition of his genus until the Introduction to his Monograph of the TrochilidEe was published in 1861. It had, however, been generally accepted for the species he originally intended should be contained in it, and since it has been regularly defined by its author, while the other never has, I have employed the term of Panoplites, in place of Boissonneau. The three known species being essentially generically the same, the other terms proposed by M. Mulsant do not require any consideration. Genus XXII. -PANOPLITES. Boissonneaua, Reich., Anfz. der Colib., p. 11 (1853). Pan oplites , Gould, Mod. Troch., pt. viii (1854) (desc. null.). — Id., Intr. Mon. Troch., octayo ed., p. 79 (1861) (desc). Alosia, Mulsant., Cat. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 17. G alenia, Muls. and Verr., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 47. Callidice, Muls. and Verr., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 65. Type. T. flavescens, Lodd. T.jardini, Bourc. T. matthewsi, Bourc. T. jardini, Bourc. T. flavescens, Lodd. Ch. Bill stout, straight, longer than the head. Wings long, pointed. Tail square, when spread, feathers broad. Tarsi clothed. Hind toe as long as the middle one. Sexes similar in plumage. Range. Columbia and Ecuador Three species are known. Fig. 22. Tanqplitea Jtaoescens, HBLIANTHEA. 71 Key to the species. A. Rump and under parts exceedingly luminous. a. Tail steel-black, rump metallic-green. 1. E. isaacsoni. b. Tail brownish-black, rump metallic-blue. 2. H. typica. c. Tail green, rump metallic golden-yellow. 3. H. honaparlii. d. Tail cinnamon tipped with green. 4. H. eos. B. Rump not luminous, under parts slightly metallic. a. Tail greenish-brown, yellow patch on secondaries. 5. K lutetise. C. Under parts buff. a. Tail rufous, white band across breast. 6. H. vioUfera. b. Tail bright buff tipped with green, breast green. T. H. osculans. c. Tail with a broad terminal band of green. 8. H. dichroura. The Helianthiae are large fine birds, with luminous foreheads in the majority of the species, and all possess brilliant throats and breasts. 1. Helianthea isaacsoni. Ornismija isaacsoni, Paez., Rev. Zool. (1845), p. 95. Hylocharis isaacsoni, Gkat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 114 (1844-49). Eriopus isaacsoni, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 80, sp. 9 (1850). Eriocnemis isaacsoni, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv. pi. 272. — In., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 144 (1861). Phemonoe isaacsoni, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 6, t. 741, fig. 4700 (1855). Helianthea isaacsoni, Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 331. Saturia isaacsoni, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 299. Hab. Unknown. Upper part of head dark metallic-green, a small spot of very luminous light grass-green upon the forehead. Back grass-green inclined to bronze in certain lights. Wings like the back ; primaries purplish-brown. Eump and upper tail coverts brilliant metallic grass^green. Entire throat brilliant metallic grass-green. Breast metallic-green, lighter than the throat ; rest of under parts metallic coppery- bronze changing in certain lights to red upon the abdomen. Under tail coverts brilliant grass-green. Tail brownish-black with a purple shade. Bill black. Tarsi partly covered with short white feathers. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, 1 in. But two specimens are known. One is in my collection, and one in the Liver- pool Museum. 2. Helianthea typica. Ornismya typica, Less., Rev. Zool. (1838), p. 314. Mellisuga helianthea. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 6. Helianthea typica, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 235.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 130.— Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 332,— et auct. Helianthea porphyrogaster, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. ii, p. 293. Hah. Columbia. Male. Forehead metallic grass-green. Top of head and loral space velvety-black. Back, wing coverts, chin, and breast very dark green, appearing black in some lights. Centre of throat metallic purplish-blue. Wings purplish-brown. Abdomen m 72 SYNOPSIS OP THE HUMMING-BIRDS. metallic-lilac, very brilliant. Under tail coverts dark maroon. Tail dark olive- green. Upper tail coverts brilliant metallic light green. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2 J in. Culmen, IJ in. Female. Above grass-green. Rump metallic purplish-green. Beneath deep buff, feathers of breast tipped vs^ith green ; those of the abdomen with metallic- crimson. Under tail coverts green tipped with buff. Tail and wings like the male. Young. Throat buff, rest of under parts blackish-brown, streaked with white. Rest of plumage like the female. 3. Helianthea bonapartii. Ornismya honapartii, Boiss., Rev. Zool. (1840), p. 6. Trochilus aiirogaster, Peas., P. Z. S. (1840), p. 16. Mellisuga honapartii, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 8. Hypochrysia honapartii, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1853). — Id., Trooh. Enum., p. 6, t. 734, figs. 4683-84. Helianthea honapartii, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 236. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 130. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 74. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 80 (I860).— Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 332.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 295. Hah. Columbia. Male. Forehead metallic dark green. Rest of head, back, throat, and breast deep shining green. Rump and upper tail coverts metallic coppery-red. Middle of throat metallic purplish-blue. Abdomen brilliant metallic coppery-red. Under tail coverts and tail bronze, the former sometimes edged with buff. Wings purple. Bill black Total length, 4| in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, 1 Jg in. Female. Above green, becoming metallic coppery-bronze on upper tail coverts. Breast green; throat and abdomen buif, the feathers of the latter tipped with bronzy-red. Under tail coverts bronze margined with buff. Tail bronze. Bill black. 4. Helianthea eos. Helianthea eos, Gould, P. Z. S. (1848), p. 11.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 237. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 131. — Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 333. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 75. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 79 (note 4) (1860). Mellisuga eos. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. iii, app., p. 5. Hypochrysia eos, Reich , Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 6, t. 733, figs. 4680-82. ia eos, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 311. Halt. Merida, Venezuela. Male. Similar to the H. honapartii, but differs in having the breast metallic golden-yellow instead of green. The frontal and gular spots are much laro^er. Abdomen and flanks metallic flame-color. Tail cimiamon tipped with bronzy- green. Wings purple, secondaries rufous. Total length, 5| in. Wino-, 3 in. Tail, 2^ in. Culmen, 1| in. Female. Similar to the male, but the colors much less brilliant, and is without the frontal and gular spots The under parts resemble that of the females of the H honapartii. HELIANTHBA. 73 5. Helianthea lutitiae. Trochilus lutitim, Delatt. and Bodec, Eev. Zool. (1846), p. 307, sp. 6. Mellisuga lutitice, Geat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 7. Helianthea lutitice, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 238.— Id., Intr. Trooh., octavo ed., p. 131 (1861).— Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 333.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 74 (1850).— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 6, t. 736, figs. 4687-88 (1855).— Cab. and Hbin., Mus. Hein. TL, iii, p. 79 (note 3) (1860). Calligenia lutitice, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 306. Hab. Ecuador, volcano of Purace, near Popayan. Male. Forehead glittering grass-green. Crown and nape velvety-black. Back black glossed with dark green. Wing coverts dark green. Under surface shining dark grass-green. Wings purplish-brown, secondaries buff. Tail very dark bronze- brown. Bill black. Total length, 5 in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, I5 in. Female. Wings and tail like the male. Upper and under surface shining grass- green. Throat deep buff. Under tail coverts light buff, tipped with bronzy-green. Bill black. Dimensions similar to those of the male. 6. Helianthea violifera. Trochilus violifera, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 87. Mellisuga violifera, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 9. Helianthea violifer, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 75 (1850). Helianthea violifera, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 239.-^Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 131 (1861\ — Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. — Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 6. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 80 (note 5) (I860).— Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 333. Calligenia violifera, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 313. Hdb. Bolivia. Male. Top of head dark green, almost black. A small indistinct spot of shining green on the , forehead. Back and rump bronzy-green. Throat and breast dark green. A metallic spot on the throat violet-blue. A narrow white band across the breast. Abdomen, upper and under tail coverts light rufous. Tail light rufous, tipped with bronzy-green. Wings purple, outer edge of first primary rufous. Bill black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 31 in. Tail, 2^^ in. Culmen, IJ in. Female. Resembles the male, but has the throat rufous mottled with green. 7. Helianthea osculans. Helianthea osculans, Gould, P. Z. S. (1871), p. 503.— Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 334. Calligenia osculans, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. ii, p. 300. Eab. Peru, Cachupata, 11,000 feet (Whitely). Male. Very similar to the H. violifera, but is destitute of the white band across the breast. The green of the breast extends on to the abdomen; the median rectrices have their apical half bronzy-green, and the tips of the lateral feathers have a considerable band of bronze-green. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, 2f in. Culmen, 1^ in. Female has no frontal nor gular spot. Throat buff spotted with green, rest like the male. 10 August, 1878. 74 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 8. Helianthea dichroura. Helianthea dichroura, Taozanow., P. Z. S. (1874), p. 138.— Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 334. Calligenia dichroura, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Moucli., vol. ii, p. 309. Hah. Maraynioc, Peru. Male. Closely resembling the H. osculans. The under surface, with the excep- tion of the lower portion of abdomen and tail coverts, dark green. The principal difference is in the tail, which has the terminal third part bronze-green, forming a conspicuous apical band. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black. Total length, 5J in. Wing, 3| in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, \^ in. (Type, Taczanowski.) Female. Unknown. The members of the next genus Bourcieria are of about the same size as those of the previous one, and present a variety of coloration, from black and white to metallic-greens and other hues. They possess the same long straight bills as are seen among the species of Helianthea. I have retained in this genus the species usually separated in the term Lamproptgia, as I perceive no generic characters to distinguish them. The only one advanced by any author is that of color, which in my opinion should never be regarded as alone sufficient to establish a genus ; and of those who think otherwise, it might be asked how such species as B. conradl and inca could be placed in the same genus or left with torquata and fidgldigula, with which, as regards color, they have hardly any relationship whatever. — It is in fact drawing the line very fine, when we separate generically the species of Heli- anthea and those contained in Bourcieria, and I am not at all assured in my own mind but that every useful purpose would be equally well served by restricting all these species to the same genus. If color must be a generic character, they require many genera; if structural characters are necessary, it is very difficult to find them. Genus XXXVII.— BOURCIERIA. Bourcieria, Bon., Oompt. Eend. (1850), p. 380. Cwligena, Bon. (nee Less., 1832), Compt. Eend., p. 382 (1850). Homophania , Reich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 10. Conradini a, Eeich., Aufz. der Ooiib. (1853), p. 10. Lampr opy gia , Reioh., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 10. Poly cena , Heine, Journ. fur Ornith. (1863), p. 215. Eudosia , Muls., Oat. (3is. Mouch. (1875), p. 20. Pilonia, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Moueh. (1876), vol. iii, p. 4. Type. T. prunelli, Bourc. 0. cceligena. Less. T. prunelli, Bourc. T. conradi, Bourc. T. wilsoni, Bourc. 0. torquata, Boiss. D. traviesi, Muls. and Verr. T. prunelli, Bourc. BOURCIERIA. 75 Fig. 37. Ch. Bill very long, straight, pointed at tip. Tail long, broad, slightly forked. Tarsi bare. Sexes similar in plumage. Range. Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. Thirteen species are here recorded. BiiUrciermfulgidigula, 3' Key to the species. A. Breast deep buff. a. Head black, luminous green spot on forehead. B. Breast pure white. a. Head metallic grass-green. b. Forehead, sides of head, and nape black. a'. Throat green. a". Crown metallic grass-green. b". Crown bluish-green, b'. Throat black. Crown purple. c. Forehead and crown metallic-blue, tail bronze. C. White crescent-shaped mark on either side of the neck. a.. General plumage purplish-brown. a'. Throat bright metallic-purple. f. b'. Throat dark gray, without metallic lustre. 8. b. General plumage black. a'. Gular spot dark metallic-purple. 9. b'. Gular spot metallic-green, sometimes with blue reflections. 10. D. Without white marks on the sides of the neck ; throat without metallic coloring. a. Upper parts coppery-red ; tail dark rufous-oliye. 11. b. Upper parts dark olive, tail bright olive. 12. c. Upper parts blackish-brown, tail dark olive, tinged with purple. 13. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 320S7. Quito. B. inca. B. conradi. B. inseciivora. B. fulgidiyuia. B. torquata. B. traviesi. B. wilsoni. B. purpurea. B. assimilis. B. prunelli. B. cxligena. B. Columbiana. B. holiviana. 1. Bourcieria inca. Bourcieria inca, Gould, Jard. Contr. Ornith. (1852), p. 136. — Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 254. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 136 (1861). — Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. — Eeich., Troch. Eiium., p. 7, t. 752, figs. 4725-26 (1855). Homophania inca, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 10 (1853). — Cab. and Hbin., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 79 (note) (I860).— McLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. ii, p. 322. Hab. Peru and Bolivia. Male. Head jet-black, excepting a luminous metallic emerald-green spot on the forehead, and tips of the throat feathers which are green. A broad band of deep buff crosses the breast, and covers the sides of the neck ; all the rest of the upper and under surface glittering metallic grass-green. Upper tail coverts glittering bronzy-green, as are also the median rectrices, lateral ones white tipped with bronzy- green. Wings purplish-brown. Bill black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 3g in. Tail, 2/g^ in. Culmen, 1| in. 76 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Female. Feathers of the crown and nape black tipped with green. Throat reddish-buff spotted with brown; breast deep buff; rest of plumage like the male, but not so brilliant, 2. Bourcieria conradi. Trochilus conradi, Bouec, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 45. Melliauga conradi, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 14. Bourcieria conradi, Gould, Mod. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 253.— Id., lotr. Trooh.,. octavo ed., p. 136.— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252.— Id., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 73 (1850). Conradinia conradi, Ebich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 10 (1853).— Id., Trocli. Enum., p. 7, pi. 747, figs. 4714-15 (1855). Homophania conradi. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 73 (note) (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. ]\louch., vol. ii, p. 320. Hah. Venezuela. Male. Top of head shining golden-green. Breast white ; rest of upper and under surface shining grass-green. Median rectrices bronzy-green, remainder white with their terminal third bronzy-green. Bill black. Total length, 5| in. AVing, 3 in. Tail, 2| in. Cuhnen, 1^ in. Female has the throat buffy-white, rest like the male, but less brilliant, and rectrices tipped with brownish-black. 3. Bourcieria insectivora. Trochilus (Lampornis) insectivorus, Tschud., Faun. Per., p. 248, fig. 1 (1844). Bourcieria insectivora, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 135 (1861). — Elliot, Ibia (1876), p. 5. Homophania insectivora, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 1, ad. Hah. Peru. Male. Head and back of neck jet-black, with the centre of the crown metallic grass-green. Throat metallic-green. Back, upper tail coverts, abdomen, and under tail coverts shining grass-green. Breast pure white. Wings purplish-brown, their coverts like the back. Median rectrices shining grass-green, remainder pure white tipped with green, most extensive on the outermost feather. Bill black. Total length, 5 1 in. Wing, 3g in. Tail, 2| in. Culraen, 1^ in. (Type of adult in my collection.) Female. Entire upper parts and throat shining gireen. Median rectrices green ; rest white, tipped with black, glossed with green. Rest like the male. 4. Bourcieria fulgidigula. Bourcieria fulgidigula, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 252. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 135 (1861). Eeioh., Troch. Enum., p. 7, pi. 749, figs. 4718-20 (1855). Homophania fulgidigula, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 73 (note). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. ii, p. 318. Hah. Ecuador. Male. Crown bluish-green, rest of head black with green reflections. Chin and throat green. A broad band of white on the breast. Back, abdomen, and tail coverts dark graSs-green, the two former black in certain lights. Wings purplish- brown. Median rectrices dark olive-green, rest white tipped with dark olive-green, BOURCIERIA. 77 most extensive on outermost feather. Bill black. Total length, 5J in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, IJ in. Female. Above dark green, brownish on the crown. Throat white spotted with brown. Breast white, rest of under parts brownish-black spotted with green. Wings purplish-brown. Tail Hke that of the male, but tipped with purplish-black. 5. Bourcieria torquata. Omismya torquata, Boisson, Eev. Zool. (1840), p. 6. Mellisuga torquata, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 12. Bourcieria torquata, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 251.— Id., Intr. Trocli., octavo ed., p. 135.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 73.— Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 254.— Eeich., Aafz. der Colib., p. 10.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 7, t. 748, figs. 4716-17. Eomophania torquata, Cab, and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 79 (I860).— Muls^ Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. ii, p. 317. Mab. Columbia. Male. Differs from B. fulgidigula by having a metallic-blue crown with violet reflections, and a black throat, with but a slight trace of green. In all other respects the two birds are alike. Total length, 5^ in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, 1| in. Female like that of the previous species. 6. Bourcieria traviesi. Dtphlngena [HeUanthea] traviesi, Muls. and Verb., Ann. Soc. Linn., Lyon (1866), p. 199. Eudosia traviesi, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 2. Hah. Columbia. Male. Forehead and centre of crown blue graduating into greenish-blue near the occiput; remainder of the upper part of head very dark grass-green, black in some lights. Throat green with a small metallic-violet spot in the centre. A broad white band across the breast. Abdomen, flanks, and under tail coverts glittering grass-green. Upper tail coverts metallic violet-red. Tail dark greenish-bronze. Bill black. Total length, 5 in. Wing, 2ii in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, If in. Two specimens are known, one in my collection, and one in Count Turati's at Milan. Female. Unknown. 7. Bourcieria ^vilsoni. Trochilus wilsoni, Delatt. and Bouec, Eev. Zool. (1846), p. 305. Mellisuga wilsoni. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112 (1844-49). Celigena wilsoni, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 73 (1850). Bourcieria wilsoni, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 73 (1850). — Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. Cceligena, wilsoni, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol, iv, pi. 258. Lampropygia loilsoni, Eeich., Troch. Enum., p. 7, pi. 751, figs. 4723, 4724,— Id., Aufz. der Colib., p. 10, — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 137 (1861).— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 59.— Cab. and Hein., Mas. Hein. Th., iii, p. 78 (note) (1860). Pilonia wilsoni, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois, Mouch , torn, iii, p. 7. Hah. Columbia, Ecuador, 78 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Adult. Upper parts dark bronze-brown; feathers of the rump margined with metallic grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Throat metallic-purple. On either side of the neck a patch of white. Under surface rufous-brown. Upper tail coverts bronze-brown; under coverts reddish-brown. Tail bronze. Bill black Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, l\ in. 8. ^Bourcieria purpurea. Cceltgena purpurea, Gould, Mon. Troch., pt. viii, vol. iv, pi. 256. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 137 (1861). Eeioh., Troch. Enum., p. 3, pi. 753, figs. 4727-28 (1855). Lampropygia purpurea, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 78 (note 2) (1860). — Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 59. Hah. Popayan. " The shoulders bluish-purple ; head, neck, back, and wing coverts very dark purple, becoming of a bronzy hue on the lower part of the back and rump, where also the feathers are fringed with metallic grass-green, most conspicuous when the bird is viewed from behind ; tail very dark bronzy-purple ; wings purplish-brown ; on each side of the chest a lunate mark of white ; the remainder of the under surface very dark purplish-brown; the feathers of the throat edged with gray, under tail coverts buff." (Gould, 1. c.) This is most probably only a dark variety of B. loilsoni. See my remarks in the Ibis (1. c). 9. Bourcieria assimilis, Lampropygia P, Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 58. Hab. Ecuador'? Top of head blackish-brown ; nape black with a bluish gloss. Back black, but viewed from behind iridescent, being metallic-red graduating into golden on the romp. Chin brownish-black; throat metallic-purple. On either side of the chest a large patch of white. Under parts black with a purple gloss. Under tail coverts black fringed with white ; upper tail coverts dark purple. Tail purphsh-black. Bill black. Total length, 4f in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, IJ^ in. This bird was referred to by me in the Ibis for 1876, but no name was given to it. I now describe it more particularly. Although in its general plumage it is like the B. prmielU, the coloring of the throat is very difl'erent, approaching that of the B. wilsoni. 10. Bourcieria prunelli. Trochtlus prunelli, Bouec. and Mdls., Ann. Sc. d'Agric, Lyon (1843), p. 36. . = Mellisuga prunelli, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112. Homophania prunelli, Eeioh., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 10 (1853). — Oab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 79 (1860). Bourcieria prunelli, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 73.— Id., Rev. and ]\Iag. Zool. (1854), p. 252.— Eeioh., Troch. Enum., p. 7, pi. 750, figs. 4721, 4722. Cmligena prunelli, Gould, Mod. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 257. Lampropygia prunelli, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo od., p. 137 (1861). — Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 58. Pilonia prunelli, Mui.s., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 4. Hab. Columbia. BOURCIERIA. 79 Adult. Head black with a bronzy gloss. Back and upper tail coverts, when viewed from behind, metallic-red changing to golden on the rump. A patch of metallic bluish-green on the throat. A white patch on either side of the breast; under parts purplish-black. Under tail coverts black fringed with white, upper tail coverts purple. Tail purplish-black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, IJ^ in. 11. Bourcieria caeligena. Ornismya cceligena, Less., Trocli., p. 141, pi. 53 (1832). Mellisuga caeligena, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112. Cceh'gena typica, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 73 (1850).— Id., Eey. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252.— Gould, Men. Trooh., vol. iv, pi. 255.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 7.— Id., 'J'roeh. Enum., p. 3, t. 686, fig. 4515 (1855). Lampropygta cceligena, Cab. and Rein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 78. — Gould, Intr. Troch., p. 136.— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 55. — MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Moucli., torn, iii, p. 10. Hab. Venezuela. Adult. Upper part of head, back, and shoulders dark coppery-red, metallic in certain lights. Rump viewed from behind very brilliant metallic-green. Throat white, central portion of feathers blackish-brown. Breast dark gray. Abdomen smoke-color; flanks reddish-bronze. Wings bright purple. Tail dark olive with coppery reflections. Bill black. Total length, 6 in. Wing, 3| in. Tail, 2J in. Bill, IJ in. 12. Bourcieria columbiana. Lampropygia cceligena, ex Columbia, Auct. Lampropygia columbiana, Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 57. Hah. Columbia. Adult. Top and sides of head and nape olive-brown, with rufous reflections; back same as head, slightly darker. Rump viewed from behind brilliant metallic-green. Wings purple; shoulder olive-brown. Throat white, centre of feathers blackish- brown ; upper part of breast smoky-white, darker towards the abdomen, which together with the flanks is very dark rufous-brown. Under tail coverts reddish- brown, central portion of the feathers blackish-brown. Tail olive-brown. Bill black. Feet black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 3 in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, 1 Jg in. Type in my collection. 13. Bourcieria boliviana. Lampropygia boliviana, Gould, Intr. Troch., p. 137.— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 57.— Muls. Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 13. Hab. Bolivia. Adult. Head and upper parts brownish-black, but when viewed from behind the rump and back are brilliant metallic grass-green. Wings purple. Throat dark brown, feathers margined with white ; abdomen and flanks very dark olive-brown, feathers tipped with rufous. Under tail coverts blackish-brown margined with reddish-buff. Tail very dark olive-brown; central feathers glossed with purple. Bill black. Total length, 51 in. Wing, 3| in. Tail, 2f in. Culmen, ]l in. 80 SYNOPSIS OP THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Genus XXXVIII.-HEMISTEPHANIA. B oryfer a , Gould (lege Doryphora, neo Illig., 1807, Coleopt.), P. Z. S. (1847), p. 95. Dorifera, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av. (1849), vol. i, p. 68. Hemistephania, Reich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 9. D oryphora, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 77. Fig. 38. Ch. Bill very long, straight, slender, sharp pointed. Wings long, outer web of first primary nearly obsolete. Tail much rounded, rectrices broad. Sexes alike in plumage. Range. Veragua, through Columbia into Ecuador. Five species have been described, one of which is, however, only a large race of an- other, and is hardly worthy of specific rank. Ttpe. T. ludovicioe, Bourc. T. ludovicioe, Bourc. T. ludovicice, Bourc. T. ludovicice, Bourc. Semistepjiania ludoviciB. 3' ^eTT Granada. Salle. 1. H. johannse. 2. S. ludovicise. 3. H. rectirostris. 4. E. euphrosinee. 5. H. veraguensis. Key to the species. A. Under parts blackish. Forehead metallic-violet. B. Under parts bronze-green tinged with gray. a. Forehead metallic grass-green. b. Large race of above. c. Forehead metallic bluish-green. C. Under parts very dark green. Forehead metallic-green. The term Doryfera (lege Dortphora), which Gould gave to this group of Hum- ming-birds, having been many years previously employed in Entomology by Illiger, cannot properly be again used, and the next proposed is that of Hemistephania, Eeich., which is the one to be adopted. The species are small in size, with a rather dull green plumage, and a metallic spot on their foreheads. The bills are long and straight, and the group follows naturally the species of Bourcieria. 1. Hemistephania johannae. TrocMus joTiannce, Bourc, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 45.— In., Rev. Zool. (1847), p. 257. Trochilus violifrons, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 95. Mellisuga johannce, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112. Dorifera johannw, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 87.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 71.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouoh., torn, i, p. 196. Dorifera Johannw, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 68.— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. Doryphora johannce. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 78 (note). Hemistephania johannx, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 6, pi. 731, figs. 4675-76.— Id., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9. Tlat. Columbia. HEMISTEPHANIA. 81 Male. Forehead metallic-violet ; dark blue in certain lights. Nape and upper sur- face bronze-green. Rump and upper tail coverts grayish-blue, but in some specimens the latter are a darker blue than the rump., Under parts black Avith green reflec- tions. Under tail coverts dark violet-blue. Tail black, glossed slightly with green. Wings purplish-brovpn. Bill black, feet brown. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2^ in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, 1| in. Female f differs by having no metallic spot on forehead, which is a dull green. Entire under parts light bronzy-green. Tail black, tipped with gray on the lateral feathers. Under tail coverts bluish-green. Slightly smaller in size than the male. This may be possibly a young male. 2. Hemistephania ludoviciee. Trocliilus ludovicice, Bouec. and Mdls., Ann. Soc. d'Agr., Lyon (1847), p. 136. MelUsuga ludovicice, Geat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112. Dorifera ludovicice, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 68. — Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. Hemistephania ludovicice, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9. — Id., Trooli. Enum., p. 6, t. 731, figs. 4673-74. Doryfera ludovicice, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. ii, pi. 88. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 71. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 200. Doryphora ludovicice, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 69 (1860). Hah. Columbia. Adult. Forehead metallic grass-green. Crown and nape coppery-bronze. Back dark green, passing into bluish-green on upper tail coverts. Under parts dark brownish-gray, with green reflections. Under tail coverts dark gray with blue reflections. Tail black, tipped with gray, most extensive on the lateral feathers. Wings purple. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, 1^ in. 3. Hemistephania rectirostris. Doryfera rectirostris, Gould, Intr. Mon. Troch., octavo ed., p. 71. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 202. Doryphora rectirostris, Sclat. and Salv., Nomencl. Av., p. 82. Hah. Ecuador. This is a somewhat larger-sized bird than the D. ludovicio}, with a slightly longer bill. There is no difference in the color of the plumage, and I doubt very much, should the locality be unknown, whether the two birds could always be distin- guished. It may be regarded as a race, but hardly as a distinct species. Total length, 5 in. Wing, 2 J in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, l^% in. 4. Hemistephania enphrosinae. Dorifera euphrosince, Muls. and Vekr., Ann. Soc. Linn., Lyon, t. xviii (1870-71), p. 319.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. i, pi. 198, pi. Doryphora euphrosince, Sclat. and Salv., Nomencl. Av., p. 82. Hab. Ecuador t This is a small representative of ludomcice with a bluish-green forehead. In all other respects it resembles that species, but the small size and peculiar coloration 11 Septsmber, 1878. 82 SYNOPSIS or THE HUMMING-BIRDS. of the metallic spot induce me to regard it as probably a distinct species. Total length, 3f in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, li in. Culmen, 1 Jg in. 5. Hemistephania veraguensis. Dorifera veraguensis, Salv., P. Z. S. (1867), p. 154. Doryfera veraguensis, Mni.s., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 199. Hah. Veragua. - Adult. Forehead metallic-green, darker than that of ludovicice ; nape coppery- red ; back shining grass-green, upper tail coverts pale blue. Under parts very dark green, almost black. Under tail coverts dark gray with blue reflections. Tail black tipped with gray. Wings purplish-brown. Bill and feet black. Total length, 4j in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, IJ in. Culmen, IJ in. This bird, which appears to represent a distinct species, can be recognized from ludovicice by the darker green of the forehead, and the general dark, almost greenish-black hue of the plumage of the body. The genus Heliomaster, in which the next group of birds has generally been placed, was instituted by Bonaparte solely for the T. furcifer, Shaw. As that species possesses generic character of quite sufficient importance to entitle it to a separate rank, it has been found necessary to seek another term for the four following species, as the only other one besides Heliomaster, which has been given them — Selasoplierus, Reich. — is almost identical with Selasphorus, Swain., already employed for a genus of this Family. I, therefore, propose the generic name of Floricola. These birds are of moderate size, the bills straight, plumage bronzy-green above, with a luminous throat-mark, more or less extensive, and a metallic crown on some of the species. By means of the two succeeding genera, a pretty well connected line is formed to the genus Heliotrtpha. Genus XXXIX. -FLORICOLA. Tro ch-ilus , Swains, {nee Linn., 1766), Zool. Journ. (1827), p. 357. Trochilus, Boie (iiec Linn., 1766), Isis'(1831), p. 547. JTeliomastes{l), Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. Selasopherus, Ebich., Troeh. Bnum. (1855), p. 11. C7i. Bill longer than half the body, straight, mandible hooked at the tip; maxilla denuded of feathers at base, which is broad ; nostrils exposed. Wings rather long. Tail slightly rounded. Sexes dissimilar. Ba?ige. Mexico, Central America, Guiana, Vene- zuela, Columbia, and Ecuador. Type. T. longirostris, Vieill. T. longirostris, Yieill. T. longirostris, Vieill. Fig. 39. Floricola longiroetris. S . Trinidad. Gould. FLORICOLA. 83 Key to the species. A. Top of head metallic-green. Under tail coverts olive-brown margined with white. 1. F, longirostris. B. Top of head pale metallic-green. Under tail coverts grayish-white. 2. F. albicrissa. C. Top of head not metallic. a. Throat metallic-scarlet, chin black. 3. F. constanti. b. Lower part of throat metallic-crimson, upper part and chin dark brown, all the feathers tipped with gray. 4. F. leocadise. 1. Floricola longirostris. Trochilus longirostris, Vibill., Ois. Dor., t. i, p. 107, pi. 50 (1802). Trochilus superbus, Shaw., Nat. Misc., vol. xiii, pi. 517. Ornisrnya superba, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 40, pi. 2 (1829). Ornismya longirostris, D'Oeb. and Lafkbs., Syn. Av., ii, p. 29, sp. 15 (1838). Mellisuga longirostris. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, pp. 4. Heliomaster longirostris, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 70. — Reich., Troch. Enum. (1855), p. 11. — Gould, Men. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 259.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed. (1861), p. 138.— Salv., P. Z. S. (1867), p. 155.— Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 138. Selasopherus longirostris, Reich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 13. Heliomastes longirostris, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 271. Heliomaster stuartce, Lawe., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist, N. Y. (1860), p. 291. — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 138 (1861). Heliomaster sclateri. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 54 (1860). — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 139 (1861). Heliomaster pallidiceps, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 139 (1861). Sab. Mexico and Central America, Trinidad, Guiana, Venezuela, the valley of the Amazon and Columbia. Forehead and crown metallic-green, sometimes tinged with blue; chin black. Throat metallic-crimson. Nape and upper surface bronzy-green. Under surface dark gray, whitish in the middle of the abdomen, washed with green on the flanks, and a large white spot on the thighs. Under tail coverts blackish-brown tipped with white. Wings very dark purple-brown. Upper tail coverts light bronze. Median rectrices bronze-green ; the lateral ones bronze-green at base, with the remaining portion black, and a spot of white on the tip, largest on the outermost feathers. Along the side of the throat a conspicuous white stripe. Bill black. Total length, 4J in. Wing, 2 J in. Tail, If. Culmen, IJ in. Yaitng. Upper parts light bronze. Throat black with a few metallic feathers on the lower part. Under surface light gray. Supposed FemaJe, like the male, but has the entire throat dull black. I can perceive no differences sufficient to distinguish the specimens called stuartce, sclateri, and pallidiceps as distinct from longirostris, the characters given by their describers disappearing and blending together in a large series of specimens. 2. Floricola albicrissa. Heliomaster albicrissa, Gould, P. Z. S. (1871), p. 504.— Solat. and Salv., Nomencl., p. 90.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mjonch., torn, ii, p. 274. Hah. Ecuador. Only to be distinguished from H. longirostris by the under tail coverts, which are grayish-white. 84 SYNOPSIS or THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 3. Floricola constanti. Trocliilus constanti, Delatt., Echo du Mond. Savant. (1843), p. 1069. Heliomaster constanti, Gould, Mod. Trocli., vol. iv, p. 259. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 140 (1861). — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 54. Selasoplierus constanti, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 13. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11. Heliomastes constanti, Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 269. Hah. Guatemala and Costa Rica. Adult. Entire upper surface pale bronzy-green. Wings light purplish-brown. Chin black, throat metallic-scarlet. Along the side of the throat is a white stripe commencing at the bill. Under surface gray, washed with green on the flanks. A tuft of white feathers on the sides of the rump. Middle of abdomen white. Under tail coverts olive-brown margined with white. Median rectrices bronzy- green, lateral ones green at base, then black with a white spot on the inner webs at tips. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, If in. Culmen, 1^ in. Description of type in my collection. 4. Floricola leocadiae. Trocliilus leocadice, BouRO., Ann. Sc. Nat.. Lyon, torn, iv (1852), p. 141. Heliomaster pinicola, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 261. Selasoplierus longirostris, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Heliomastes leocadice, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 276. Heliomaster leocadice, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 140 (1861). Hah. Mexico. Adult. Exactly like the H. constanti in its general plumage. The only difference is in the coloration of the throat, which has the upper part and chin blackish-brown, and the lower part metallic-crimson, all the feathers tipped with gray. Total length, 5 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1J_ in. Culmen, 1^ in. Mr. Gould states (1. c.) that his H. pinicola was described in the P. Z. S. for 1853. I have not been able to find it in that volume. Genus XL.— LEPIDOLARYNX. Lepidolarynx, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 13 (1853). Ornithomyia, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. Gh. Bill straight, twice as long as head. Feathers of the forehead advancing to a point on to the maxilla. Tail slightly forked, rectrices narrow. Sexes different. Range. Brazil. One species only is known. Type. T. mesoleucus, Temm. T. mesoleucus, Temm. Fig. 40. Lepitlolarynx mesoleucus, 3' ad. Brazil, Whitely. LEPIDOLARYNX. g5 1. Lepidolaryn:s mesoleucus. Troehilus mesoleucus, Temm., Plan. Col., pi. 317, fig. 1. % . Trochilus squamosus, Temm., Plan. Ool., pi. 203, fig. 1, juv. Troehilus mystacinus, Vieill., Os. Dor., t. iii, pi. 21, % (inedit.). Mellisuga squamosus, Stbph., Gen. Zool., vol. xiv, p. 245. Ormsmya Temmincki, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 88, pi. 20 (1829), juv. Ornismya mesoleuca, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 110, pi. 29 (1829), ad. ■£ . Mellisuga melanoleuca. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 15. Heliomaster mesoleucus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 262.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 70. Lepidolarynx mesoleucus, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13.— Gocld, Intr. Trocli., octavo ed., p. 140.— Mcls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 283.— Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 11. Ornithomyia mesoleucus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. Calothorax mesoleucus, Bdem., Th. Bras., vol. ii, p. 339, sp. 1 (1856). Heliomaster squamosus, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 53 (1860). Hab. Brazil. Male. Top of head metallic pale green; rest of upper parts bronzy-green. Throat frill, much extended on the sides, metaUic-crimson. Under surface very dark green, down the centre an irregular line of white. A tuft of white feathers on the flanks, and a white line beneath the eye. Under tail coverts blackish-purple margined with white. Median rectrices dark bronze-green, remainder purplish-black. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2^% in. Tail, If in. Culmen, 11 in. Female. Upper surface bronzy-green. Feathers on the throat dark olive margined with white ; under surface bronze-green, with a median white stripe. Middle rectrices bronze-green, rest bronze-green at base, with the remaining portions black tipped with white. Bill black. Young. Specimen from Bahia has the crown greenish-brown, each feather mar- gined with white. Throat pure white, rest as. in the female. The next genus, Heliomaster, was proposed by Bonaparte in the Compt. Rendus for 1850, and the T. furcifer, Shaw, cited as the type, no other species being men- tioned. In the Consp. Av., Heliomaster is made to contain various species, which cannot possibly be grouped together in the same genus; hnt furcifer (called angelce) is placed first. If, as the date would seem to imply, this portion of the Conspectus Avium was published in 1849 (of which I can find no proof), the subsequent article in the Compt. Rendus disposes of the arrangement given, and leaves furcifer to represent the genus; but if the Consp. A v. came afterwards, the fact that/wrci/er is placed first in the list indicates that it is still deemed the type of Heliomaster, to which the species that follow were added. In either case the present species is the only one that can be placed in the genus, there being no other as yet known possessing the ■ same characters. The genus Heliomastes !, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251, is probably a misprint, but as it contains such species as that included in Flokicola, Elliot, and Camptlopterus!!, Swain., there is nothing left to represent it as a type ; and if it is not a misprint, it is too close to Heliomaster to be employed without creating confusion. The single species is a very beautiful one, remarkable for the crimson throat surrounded by deep metallic-blue. 86 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Genus XLI.— HELIOMASTEK. Heliomaster , Bon., Oompt. Rend. (1850), p. 382. C allip eridia , Reich., Aiifz. der Colib. (1853), p. 12. Callopistrta, "Reich.", Bon., Ann. Sc. Nat. (1854), p. 137. I Ch. Bill very long, slender, slightly curved ; rectrices rather narrow, pointed ; tail deeply forked. Sexes dissimilar. Range. Southern Brazil and Paraguay. Ttpb. T.furcifer, Shaw. T.furcifer, Shaw. T.furcifer, Shaw.? Pig. 41. EtitiomaaUr/urcifer. t? ad, Buenos Ayrea. 1. Heliomaster furcifer. Trochilus furcifer, Shaw, Gen. Zool., vol. viii, p. 280. Trochilus caudacutus, Vieill., Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. (1817), p. 347. Heliomaster regis, Scheeib., Naturfors. Wien. (1832), Sept. — Id., Isis (1833), p. 533. — Pei.z., Ornith. Bras., p. 301. Ornismya angelx, Less., lllust. Zool. (1833), pis. 45, %; 46, ?. — D'Ore. and Lafees., Syu. Av., ii, p. 28, sp. 11 (1838). Heliomaster angelce, Bon., Compt. Rend. (1850), p. 382. — Id., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 70, vol. i (1850).^ — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 263.— Buemeist., Proc. Zool. Soc. (1865), p. 466. Calliperidia angelce, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10. — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 141. — Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 137. Ornithomyia angelce, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251. Campylopterus inornatus, Burmeist., Reise durch die la Plata Staat, Band, ii, p. 447 (1861), juv. Calliperidia furcifer, Sclat. and Salv., Noraenol., p. 90 (1873). Calliperidia regis, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 278. Wings Hab. Brazil and Paraguay. Male. Top of head pale metallic-green. Upper surface golden-green purplish-brown. A spot of white behind the eye. Centre of throat metallic- crimson, surrounded by deep metallic-blue. Under surface deep blue. A patch of white on the flanks. Under tail coverts dark green. Tail glossy dark green. Bill black. Total length, 4f in. Wing, 21 in. Tail, If in. Culmen, 1 in. Female. Top of head bronzy-brown. Upper surface golden-bronze. Under sur- face white. Tail green, terminal portion black, tip of three outer feathers white Bill black. Genus XLII.— HELIOTEYPHA. Heliotryp ha, Gould, Intr. Mon. Troch., octavo ed., p. 131 ; Hon., pt. (1853). Parzudakia, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). Heliotryplion, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 74 (I860). Nodalia, Mulsant., Catal. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 23. Helymus, Mulsant., Catal. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 23. Type. T. exortis, Fras. T. exortis, Eras. T. exortis, Fras. H. barrali, Muls. and Verr. H. micrastur, Gould. HELIOTRYPHA. 87 Ch. Bill long as the head, straight, slender. Wings long. Tail long and forked ; tarsi partially clothed. Hind toe shorter than the middle one. Sexes unlike. Range. Columbia and Ecuador. Four species are here recognized as belonging to this genus. Fig. 42. Selioiry^ha exorlia, S ad. ^Ecuador. £uclde7. Key to the species. Breast and under parts metallic-green ; no white band across the cbest. a. Throat metallic purplish-violet ; chin with light blue reflections. b. Throat metallic pinkish-lilac ; chin deep blue, black in some lights. c. Throat metallic flame-color ; chin black. d. Throat and chin pale metallic olive-green. 1. E. viola. 2. H. exortis. 3. E. micrastur. 4. E. barrali. The members of this genus are rather large birds, with straight bills, short in comparison to those of the genera immediately preceding, with ample forked tails, a general green plumage more or less luminous, and bright metallic throats. 1. Heliotrypha viola. Heh'angelus viola, Gould, P. Z. S. (1853), p. 61. Ehamphromicron {ParzudaJcia) viola, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Heliotrypha viola, Gould, Mod. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 241. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 131. — Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 317.— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 97. Eeliotryphon viola. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 74 (1860). Hah. Ecuador. Male. Forepart of head metallic dark green. Upper surface, breast, abdomen, and flanks shining dark grass-green. Throat metallic purplish-violet, margined with black, under tail coverts buff, with dark green centres. Four middle tail feathers green ; remainder dark purplish-brown. Bill and feet black. Total length, 4f in. Wing, 2f in. Tail to end of lateral feathers, 2| in. Culmen, | in. Female. General plumage like the male ; but has the throat black, spotted with buffy-white. 2. Heliotrypha esiortis. Trochilus exortis, Feas., P. Z. S. (1840), p. 14. Ornismya parzudaJci, DeLong and Paez. (nee Less.), Eev. Zool. (1840), p. 72. Mellisuga parzudaki, Geat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 18. Eeliangelus parzudaki, Bon., Gonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 76 (1850). Eriopus exortis, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 80 (1850). Parzudakia dispar, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Eeliotrypha parzudaki, Bon., Eev.-aud Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 240.— Id., Intr. Troch.; octavo ed., p. 131.— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 318. Eeliotryphon parzudaki, Cab. and Hein., Mas. Hein. Th,, iii, p. 74 (1860). Eeliotrypha exortis, Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 318.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 95. Hob. Columbia and Ecuador. Male. A small luminous green spot on the forehead. Chin deep blue ; centre 88 SYNOPSIS or THE HUMMING-BIRDS. of throat metallic pinkish-violet bounded with black. Entire rest of the plumage of the body shining dark green, most brilliant on the breast. Wings purplish- brown. Under tail coverts white. Median rectrices bronzy-green; lateral ones purplish-black. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2^ in. Culmen, f in. Female. Differs from the male by having the forehead metallic-green, and the throat dark brown with a patch of white in the centre. 3. Heliotrypha micrastur. Heliangelus micrastur, Gould, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (1872), p. 195. Helymus micrastur, MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 93. Hah. Ecuador. Male. A luminous dark green spot on forehead. Chin, black. Throat intensely brilliant, metallic flame-color, margined on the sides with black. E.est of plumage of the body shining dark green, most brilHant on the breast. Wings purplish- brown. Median rectrices bronzy-green, rest purplish-black. Under tail coverts white. Bill black. Total length, 4;^ in. Wing, 2| in. Tail 2 in. Culmen, Jg in. Female. UnknoAvn. This species, by not having any white band across the breast, and by having the tail much forked, cannot remain in the genus Heliangelus, Avhere it was placed by Mr. Gould, but properly belongs to the present one, finding its natural position between H. exortis and H. harrali. The term Helymus, proposed for it by M. Mulsant, is entirely unnecessary, as the species possesses no characters that differ generically from the other members of Heliotrypha. 4. Heliotrypha barrali. Heliotrypha harrali, Muls. and Veer., Ann. Soc. LinnScn., Lyon, vol. xvii, p. ]06 (1868). Heliangelus squamigularis, Gould, P. Z. S. (1871), p. 503. Nodalia harrali, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 100 (1877). Eab. Columbia, Province of Antioquia. Male. Top of head very dark green, almost black in certain lights. Throat pale metallic olive-green, silvery in some lights, margined with a line of black. Rest of plumage of body shining grass-green, most brilliant on the breast. Wings pur- plish-brown. Median rectrices bronzy-green ; lateral ones, blue-black. Under tail coverts green in the centre, remaining parts grayish-white. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, ^ in. Female. Unknown. 1 Possessing no generic characters differing from those which characterize the species of Heliotetpha, the term Nodalia of Mulsant is placed among the synonyms as unnecessary. Description taken from the type in my collection. HELIANGELTS. 89 Genus XLIII.— HELIANGELUS. Heliangelus, Gould, Intr. Mon. Trocli., octavo ed., p. 132 (1848) [desc). Anactoria, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). Diotimia , Eeioh., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). Peratus, Muls., Catal. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 23. TVPE. 0. clarusw, De Long. 0. amethysticollis, D'Orb. T. spencei, Bourc. 0. amethysticollis, D'Orb. Fig. 43. Ch. Bill as long as the head, straight. Tail ample, slightly rounded. Wings long. Hind toe and nail as long as middle toe and nail. Sexes different. Range. Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. Five species are known of this genus. ^JEeiiangelus clarissce. S' • 3ogota. Gould. B. Key to the species. Band of wliite across the breast. a. Luminous spot on forehead, grass-green. a'. Median rectriees green, lateral ones black, b'. All the rectriees blue-black. b. Luminous spot on forehead, pale glaucous green, lateral rectriees bronzy-brown. Band across the breast and abdomen buff. a. Throat metallic-violet. b. Throat fiery orange-red. 1. II. clarissse. 2. H. d^'ophianus. 3. //. spencei. 4. II. ameihysticollis. 5. H. mavors. These birds are closely allied to those of the genus Heliotetpha; they are about the same size, and have a similar plumage, but possess rounded tails, and a con- spicuous broad white, or buff band across the breast, beneath the metallic. throat. 1. Heliangelus clarissae. Ornismya clarissce, De Long, Rev. Zool. (1841), p. 306. MelUsuga clarissce, Geay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 17. Anactoria clarissce, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Anactoria libussa, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Heliangelus clarissce, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 76 (1850).-Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252.-Godld, Mon Troch vol iv pi. 242.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 132.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. /6.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 75 (1860).-Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii (1876), p. 84. Heliangelus taczanowski, Pelz., Ibis (1877) p. 338, juv. % . Hah. Columbia. Male. ' Luminous dark green spot on the forehead. Chin, lores, and sides of head black. Upper surface and flanks bronzy-green. Throat metallic-violet, beneath which is a narrow band of white, succeeded by one of brilliant' grass-green. Abdo- men buff, mottled with green. Under tail coverts white. Median rectriees bronzy- green, lateral ones black. Bill black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2t m. Tad,l| in. Culmen, | in. .,,.11^, Female differs chiefly in having the throat black mottled with brown. The feathers of the body less brilliant than those of the male. Herr von Pelzeln having kindly forwarded to me the type of, his Heliangelus 12 September, 1878. 90 SYNOPSIS OP THE HUMMING-BIRDS. iaczanowsJci, I ascertained, by comparing it with specimens in my collection, that it was a young male of the present species. 2. Heliangelus strophianus. Trochilus ( ?) strophianus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 45. Melltsuga strophianus, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 39. Heliangelus strophianus, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i (1&50), p. 76. — Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. —Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv. pi. 243.— Id., lutr. 'JVooli., octavo ed., p. 132.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Gis. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 86 (1876). Anactoria strophiana, Eeicu., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Hah. Ecuador. Male. Distinguished from the H. clarissce, by having the entire tail steel- or bluish-black, and a slightly shorter bill. Total length, 4J in. AVing, 2| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. Female similar to that of II. clarissce. 3. Heliangelus spencei. Trochilus spencei, BouRO., P. Z. S. (1847), p. 46. Mellisuga spencei. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 41. "-J Heliangelus spencei, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i (1850), p. 88. — Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 243. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 132. — Mul?., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 88. Diotima spencei, Ebich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). — Id., Troch. Euum., p. 10 (1855). Hah. Venezuela. Male. Forehead metallic silvery-green. Upper surface, breast, and flanks golden- green. Throat metallic-violet. A band of white across the breast. Middle of abdomen bufi". Median rectrices bronzy-green ; lateral ones bronzy-brown. Under tail coverts bronze-green in the centre, margined with grayish-white. Bill black. Total length, 4 J in. Wing, 2\ in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, -^-^ in. Female. Like the male, but with the throat mottled with brown and black. 4. Heliangelus amethysticoUis. Orthorhynchus amethysticoUis, D'Okb. and Lafres., Syn. Av., p. 31 (1838). Lampornis amethysticoUis, TsciiUD., Faun. Per., p. 246 (1844). Mellisuga amethysticoUis, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 40. Anactoria amethysticoUis, Ebich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Heliangelus amethysticoUis, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i (1850), p. 76. — Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 245. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 133.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 75 (1860). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 90 (1876). — Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 141. Hah. Peru. — Bolivia (Bridges). Male. Forehead metallic dark green. Head, wing coverts, and upper surface dark bronzy-green. Chin black. Throat metallic-violet, beneath which is a band of buff". Flanks and sides of breast bronze-green. Abdomen buff mottled with green. Under tail coverts grayish-white. Median rectrices bronze-green ; lateral ones black. Wings purple. Bill black. Total length, 41 in. Wing, 2g m. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, 4 in. UROSTICTB. gj^ - Female. Without the luminous spot on the forehead, and the throat deep buff mottled with brownish-black. Otherwise like the male, but less brilliant. 5. Heliangelus mavors. HeUangelus rnavors Gov J.^, P. Z. S. (1848), p. 12.-Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 246.-Ii.., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. I33.-B0N., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 76 (1850).-Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Moqch., vol. iii, p. 92.-Bon Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. ■ 1 > Mellisuga mavors, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. iii, app., p. 5. Trochilus mavors, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).-Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Hah. Columbia, Venezuela. Male. Forehead metallic fiery-red ; rest of upper surface bronzy-green. A spot of white behind the eye. Lores and sides of neck black. Throat metallic fiery orange-red, beneath which is a broad band of buff. Flanks green. Middle of abdomen deep buff. Under tail coverts grayish-buff. Wings purplish-brown. Median rectrices bronzy-green, rest bronzy-brown, the two outermost ones tipped with white. Bill black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 2i in. Tail, If in. Bill, f in. ^ Female. Similar to the male, but with the throat mottled with brown and black. Genus XLIV.— UROSTICTE. Type. Urosticte, Goiild, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 110; ex Mon. Troch., pt. vi (1853). T. lenjamini, Bourc. Pig. 44. Ch. Bill longer than the head and straight. Nos- trils exposed. Wings moderate and pointed. Tail slightly forked. Hind toe shorter than the middle. Sexes unlike. Range. Ecuador. Two species only are known. VroBticlelenJamini ^ . JScuaQor. 'Vniitely.'- Key to the species. A. Median rectrices bronzy tipped with white. a. Throat entirely luminous-green, crissum rufous. 1. U. ruficrissa. b. Throat luminous-green, beneath which is a dark violet spot. 2. U. benjamini. These are small birds, with straight bills like Heliangelus, but more slender- a green plumage and brilliant throats. 1. Urosticte ruficrissa. Urosticte ruficrissa, Lawr., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist,, N. Y. (1864), vol. viii, p. 44. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 103. Hah. Ecuador. Male. General plumage dark shining green. Throat luminous grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Under tail coverts rufous. Tail pale bronze-green, with 92 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. the four median feathers tipped with white. Bill black, feet brown. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, | in. Female. Exactly like the female of U. benjamini, but slightly larger and with a longer bill. 2. Urosticte benjamini. Trochilus benjamini, Bouec, Cotnpt. Rend. (1851), torn, xxxii, p. 187. Urosticte benjamini, Gould, Mon. Troch. (pt. vi), vol. iii, pi. 190. — Id., Intr. Trocli., octavo ed., p. 110. — Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 101. Urosticta benjamini, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). Basilinna benjamini, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). Hob. Ecuador. Male. General plumage of body grass-green. Throat luminous green, beneath which is a conspicuous spot of dark violet. Behind the eye a small white spot. Wings purplish-brown. Tail bronzy-purple. Four middle rectrices extensively tipped with white. Bill black; feet brownish. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, ^ in. Young male differs only in having the throat rufous. Female. Head and upper surface green. White spot behind the eye. Under parts white spangled with green. Tail bronze, all the feathers but the median pair tipped with white. Bill black. Between Urosticte and Eustephanus, the one we now reach, tJiere is a con- siderable gap, and there are no species yet known by which we can bridge it over. The three recognized species of Eustephanus are large birds, the metallic hues of their plumage being confined to the top of the head. In two species the females possess an entirely ditferent dress, and from the fact that their crowns were also metallic they were for a long time supposed to represent a distinct species, which is now known not to be the fact. — These two species are island forms. Genus XLV.— EUSTEPHANUS. Les S^phaniodes , Less., Tnd. Gen. et Syii. du Genr. Troch. (1832 Eustephanus , Reich., Syst. Av. Nat., pi. 40 (1849). Sephanoides , Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av. (1850), p. 82. Thaumaste, Reich., Aufz. der Oolibri., p. 14 (1853). Stokosiella, "Reich.", Bon., Ann. Sc. Nat. (1854), p. 138. Ch. Bill short, straight, rather stout, sub- cylindrical, pointed. Nostrils covered with p. XXIX. long. Tail rather Sexes unlike in feathers. Wings ample rounded. Tarsi clothed, plumage. Range. Chili, and the islands of Juan Fer- nandez and Masafuera. Three species are known. Type. T. galeritus, Molin. T. galeritus, Molin. T. galeritus, Molin. T. fernandensis. King. T.fernandensis, King. Fig. 45. Huilephanua/ernaiulauU. i. Juan Fernsndez. Briages. ETJSTEPHANUS. 93 Key to the species. ^ A. TJuder parts brownish-gray spotted with green in both sexes. 1. E. galeritus. B. Under parts cinnamon. a. Top of head metallic fiery-red. 2. E. fernandemis. b. Top of head and occiput metallic fiory-red. • 3. E. leyboldi. 1. Eustephanus galeritus. Trochilus galeritus, Mol., Hist. Chili, p. 219.— Gmel., Syst. Nat., vol. i, p. 484, sp. 23.— Lath., tnd. Orn., vol. i, p. 804. — ViEiLL., Ency. M6th. p. 532. Mellisuga hingii, Vig., Zool. Journ., vol. iii, p. 432. Mdlisuga galerita, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 93. Orthorhynchiis sephamodes. Less, and Gakn., Voy. Coqviille, pi. 31, fig. 2. Ornismya sephanoides, D'Orb. and Lafrbs., Syn. Av., ii, p. 29, sp. 16. Trochilus forficatus, Gould (nee Linn.), Voy. Beagle (Birds), pt. iii, p. 110 (1841). Sephanoides kingii, Gray, List Gen. Birds, p. 19. Sephanoides galeritus, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 82 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. Eustephanus galeritus, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib. (1853), p. 14. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855). — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 265. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., pi. 141. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. ii, p. 246.— Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 138. Hab. Chili, Island of Juan Fernandez. Male. Entire top of head metallic orange-red. Upper surface and tail bronzy- green. Wings purple. Throat white, spotted with dark brown. Under surface grayish-brown, spotted with green. Under tail coverts pale bronze-green edged with buffy-white. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, | in. Female. Top of head bronze-green instead of metallic orange-red. In all other respects, exactly like the male. 2. Xtustephanus fernandensis. f_Trochilus fernandensis, King, Proe. Com. and Corr. Zool. Soc, pt. i, p. 30, % . prnismya cinnamomea, Gerv., Mag. Zool. (1835), pi. 43. Ornismya fernandensis, D'Okb. and Lafres., Syn. Av., ii, p. 29., sp. 13 (1838). Ornismya rohinson, Delatt. and Less., Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 18. Trochilus stokesii. King, Proc. Comm. and Corr. Zool. Soc, pt. i, p. 30, y (1830). — Less., Trochil., p. 135, pi. 50. Mellisuga fernandensis. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 94. Mellisuga stokesii, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 95. Sephanoides fernandensis, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 82, vol. i (1850). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn. ii, p. 248.— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. Eustephanes fernandensis, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 267.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 142. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Tb., iii, p. 76. Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 137, %. Thaumaste stokesii, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 14 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 (1855). Sephanoides stokesii, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 82, vol. i.— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. Eustephanes stokesii. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 75 (I860).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 266. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 142, J. Hob. Island of Juan Fernandez. Male. Top of head metallic fiery-red. Wings purplish-brown. Vent buffy-white. Entire rest of plumage of body, and the tail dark cinnamon-red. Bill black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, S/g in. Tail, 3^^^ in. Culmen, ^% in. 94 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Female. Top of head metallic bluish-green. Upper surface and wing coverts dark bronze-green. Wings purplish-brown. Under surface w^hite, spangled with metallic bluish-green on the throat and flanks. Under tail coverts white with green centres. Median reetrices and outer webs of lateral ones dark grass-green. Inner webs white. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, | in. 3. Sustephanus leyboldi. Eustephanus leyboldi, Gould, Add. Mag. Nat. Hist. (1870), p. 406. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. ii, p. 251. Hab. Island of Mas-a-fuera. Male. Precisely like the E. fernayidensis, with the exception that the metallic- red of the crown extends over the occiput. Total length, 5^ in. Wing, S^^g- in. Tail, 2f in. Culmen, | in. Female. Similar to the female of E. fernoiadensis, but difi"ers chiefly in the tail feathers, which have the basal portion of the inner webs and all the outer webs green, leaving only the apical part of the inner ones white. The spots on the throat are bronzy and disposed in lines, and not generally dispersed as in the female of E. fernandensis. Genus XLVI.— TOPAZA. Polytmus , BoiE (neo Briss., 1760), Isis, p. 545 (1831). Top aza, Gkay, List of Genera of Birds (1840J, p. 13. Lamp ornis, Eeich. (nee Swains., 1827), Syst. At. Nat. (1849), t. 39. Fig. 46. Type. T. pella, Linn. T. pella, Linn. T. pella, Linn. TopazapeVa, .C. J.ILTownaBntl. Key to the species. A. Throat metallic ruby-red. B. Throat black, bounded beneath by a band of metallic-purple. 1. 2. T. colubris. T. alexandri. 1. Trochilus colubris. Trochilus colubris, Linn., Syst. Nat, torn, i, p. 191 (1766). — Wils., Am. Orn., vol. ii, p. 26, pi. 10, figs. 3, 4. — "ViBiLL., Bncy. M6th. Orn., vol. ii, p. 569. — Aud., B. Amer., vol. ij pi. 47. — Swain., Faun. Bor. Amer., vol. ii, p. 323 (1832).— Gould, Men. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 131. — Id., Iiitr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 86.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 81. — Id., Bev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. — Beich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 57 (I860).— Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 354. Mellisuga colubris, Steph., Shaw. Gen. Zool., vol. xiv, p. 247. Mellisuga colubris, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113. Ornismya colubris. Less., Ois. Mouch., pp. xvi, 151, pi. 48 (1829).— Id., Trochil., p. 1, pi. (1831).— Muls., Hist Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 52 (1877). Cynanthus colubris, Jabd., Nat Libr. Humming-Birds, vol. ii, p. 143. Eab. Eastern North America, Mexico, Central America to Veragua; Cuba, Bahamas, and Bermudas of the West Indies. 14 September, 1878. 106 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Male. Entire upper parts and flanks bronzy-green. Chin black; throat metallic ruby-red. Breast and under parts wliite, the latter tinged with green. Median rectrices golden-green, lateral ones purplish-brown. Bill black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, If in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, 1| in. Fig. 53. Female. Above golden-green; beneath white. Tail — median rectrices green, lateral ones green at base, then black with white tips. 2. Trochilus alexandri. Trockilns alexandri, Bourc. and Muls., Ann. Soc. Scien., Lyon (1846), torn, ix, p. 330. — Cass., 111. B. Calif., p. 141, pi. 22. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 81, vol. i. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 132. — Id., Intr. Trooh., octavo ed., p. 87. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 57 (1860). Mellisuga alexandri. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113. Selasphorus alexandri, Eeich., 'J'rocli. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Arcliilochus alexandri, Reich., Trooh. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Ornismya alexandri, Mdls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 61 (1877). Hah. California and Mexico. Male. Top of head dark brown. Upper parts bronzy-green. Wings purplish- brown. Throat black bounded beneath by a brilliant band of metallic-purple. Breast white, rest of under parts bronzy-gray. Median rectrices bronzy-green, lateral ones black glossed with Fig- 54. green. Total length, 3g in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, ii in. Description taken from a specimen collected at Sacramento, California, by Dr. A. L. Hear- mann, now in my collection. Female. Top of head brown. Upper surface bronzy- green ; under surface grayish-white. Central tail feathers bronze-green, lateral ones greenish-gray at base, then black with white tips. Bill black. Trochilus alexandri. Typk. 0. costce, Bourc. 0. costce, Bourc. Fig. 55. Genus LTIL— CALYPTE. C alypte, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 87 (1861), descr. Leucaria, Muls., Cat. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 31. Ch. " Bill longer than the head ; straight or slightly arched; tail rather short, the three outer feathers stiff, narrow, and slightly incurved; tarsi clothed, feet small, hind and fore toes nearly equal in length." (Gould, 1. c.) Range. Mexico and the island of Cuba. The species of this genus have the head and face of the males brilliantly metallic, and the feathers of the throat are elongated at the sides. They are small in size. Calyxite annS. S. California. "Ven-eaux. CALYPTE. 107 A. Head and throat luminous. a. Head and throat metallic-lilac. b. Head and throat metallic-crimson. a'. Upper surface golden-green, b'. Upper surface greenish-blue. Key to the species. 1. G. costse. 3. G. annae. 3. C. helense. 1. Calypte costae. Ornismya costce, Bocrc, Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 294. — Id., Ann. Soc. Sci., Lyon (1840), p. 225, pi. 2. Mellisuga costce, Geay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113. Selasphorus costce, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., p. 82 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. AttMs costce, Reich , Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Calypte costce, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 134. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 88 (1861). Leucaria costce, Muls., Cat. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 31. — Id., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch. (1877), torn, iv, p. 69. * ' Hah. Mexico, California. Male. Head, throat, and elongated neck feathers metallic- ^^S- 56. lilac. Upper surface golden-green. Under surface white, washed with green on the flanks. Tail green, two outer rectrices brownish-gray with dark tips. Bill black. Total length, 2f in. Wing, If in. Tail, 1 in. Culmen, f in. Female. Above golden-green, beneath white, throat with a few brown spots. Median rectrices green, lateral ones gray at base, then black with white tips. Bill black. 39399 $ Calypte coatee. Fiff. 57. 2. Calypte annae. Ornismya annce, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 205, pi. 74 (1829). Trocliilus anna, Aud., B. Amer., vol. iv, pi. 425. — Id., Cm. Biog., vol. v, p. 238.— Reioh., Troch. Enum., p. 10. TrocTiilus icterocephalus, Nott., Man. Ornith., vol. i, p. 712. Mellisuga anna. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113. Selasphorus anna, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., p. 82 (1850).— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. Atthis anna, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Calypte annce, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 135.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 88.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 55 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 73 (1877). Hal. Mexico and California. Male. Head, throat, and elongated feathers of the neck, metallic-crimson. Upper surface golden-green. Under surface gray washed with green. Under tail coverts green edged with gray. Median rectrices golden-green, lateral ones dark brown, with pale margins. Bill black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 'ail. If in. Culmen, | in. Female. Head grayish-brown. Upper parts golden- green; beneath gray washed with green. Middle tail feathers golden-green; lateral ones gray at base, then golden-green and then black, the two outer feathers tipped with white. Bill black. Ifin. Cqlyp^e anna 108 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 3. ^Calypte helenae. Orthorhynchus helence, Lambbte, Aves Isle de Cuba, p. 70, pi. x, fig. 2 (1850). Ortlwrliynclius loothi, Gdndl., Journ. fur Ornith. (1856), p. 99. • Calypte helence, Godld, Mou. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 136. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 88 (1861). — Bli.tot, Ibis (1872), p. 354.— GuNDL., Journ. fiir Ornith. (1874), p. 144.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Moucli., torn, iv, p. 77 (1877). Hab. Cuba. Male. Head, throat, and feathers of the neck metallic-crimson. Upper parts and flanks greenish-blue. Under surface white. Tail deep greenish-blue. Wings pur- plish-brown. Total length, 2f in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, | in. Culmen, | in. Female. Head brown. Upper parts dark green, changing into bluish-green on the lower part of the back. Under surface grayish-white. Median rectrices dark bluish-green ; lateral ones bluish-green at base, rest black tipped with white. Bill black. Genus LIV.— SELASPHORUS. Selasphorus , Swain., Faun. Bor. Amer., vol. ii, p. 496 (1831). straight. Ch. "Stature small Bill subulate and very Feathers of the neck elongated. Wings short, feeble, the quills narrowed and sometimes pointed. Tail moderate graduated, the feathers attenuated towards the end, their tips mucronate." (Swains, 1. c.) Range. Western North America from Nootka Sound to Mexico and into Veragua, Central America. Eight species are recognized belonging to this genus. They are of small size, with very brilliant throats, and cuneate shaped tails, the rectrices in the majority of the species being rather narrow and pointed. One species has a silvery throat Type. T. rufus, Gmel. Fig. 58. Selasplionia rufm. 3. California. Mr. Woods. A. B. G Key to the species. Head and throat metallic-scarlet. Throat metallic amethystine-red. a. Size large. Under parts gray. b. Size small. Flanks and abdomen dark green. Throat metallic rose -red. D. Throat metallic fiery-red. Rectrices narrow, pointed. a. Sides of head and neck, and rump, rufous, back bronzy-green. b. Sides of head and neck bronzy-green like the back. Diminutive of a. E. Throat glittering orange. Rectrices broad, lateral ones next to median pair with a well-developed notch on inner web. P. Throat pale lilac-red, in some lights silvery-gray. 1. S. floresii. 2. 3. 4. S. platycercus. S. ardens. S. flammula. 5, C. S. rufus. S. scintilla. 7. 8. S. liensliaioi. S. torridup. SELASPHORUS. 109 1. *Selasphorus floresii. Selasphorus floresii, Gould, Mod. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 139.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed,, p. 89.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 98 (1877). Hah. Bolanos, Mexico (Floresi). Male. Crown and throat metallic-scarlet with violet reflections. Upper surface and flanks bronzy-green; under surface grayish-white. Wings purplish-brown. Median rectrices green with purple reflections ; lateral feathers have the outer webs purple, inner webs deep reddish-buff. Bill black. Total length, 3^ in. Wing, If in. Tail, If in. Culmen, f in. Female. Unknown. This bird is remarkable for having the top of the head, as well as the throat, metallic, and in this respect is allied to the members of the genus Calypte, but the coloring of the tail is more that of Selasphorus. It appears to be intermediate between the two genera. The type in Mr. Loddige's collection still remains unique. ( 2. Selasphorus platycercus. V- Trochilus flatycerus, Swain., Ann. Phil. (1827), p. 441. Ornismya tricolor, Less., Ois. Mouoh. (1829), p. 125, pi. 14.— Id., Trochil., p. 156, pi. 60 (1831). Ornismya montana. Less., Trochil., pp. 161, 163, pis. 63, 64 (1831). Mellisuga platycerca, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 78. Selasphorus platycercus, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., p. 82 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 140. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 89. — Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 13 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855).— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 56 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 94 (1877). Eab. Guatemala, Mexico, Rocky Mountains to Utah in North America. Male. Upper surface and flanks bronzy-green. Spot of white behind the eye. Throat metallic amethystine- red. Breast white, rest of under parts gray, with the centres of under tail coverts brownish. Median rectrices bronzy-green; lateral ones blackish- brown, margined with rufous, most conspicuous on the inner webs. Bill black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, f in. I Female. Above bronzy-green ; beneath white, throat spotted with brown. Mid- dle tail feathers bronzy-green, lateral ones deep buff at base, remaining portions black with white tips. Bill black. Flanks and under tail coverts^ sometimes tinged with buff. Selaspjiorua platycercus. no SYNOPSIS or THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 3. Selasphorus ardens. Selasphorus ardens, Salv., P. Z. S. (1870), p. 209.— Mdls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 103 (1877). Hab. Veragua. Male. Upper parts dark bronzy-green. Lores and ear coverts rufous, the latter mixed with black. Throat metallic amethystine-red. Breast, middle of abdomen, and under tail coverts white. Flanks dark green, which color almost meets on the upper part of breast. Tail purplish-black, both webs of middle feathers and inner webs of lateral ones margined with rufous. Wings purplish-brown. Bill black. Total length, 2f in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, f in. Female. Upper parts" bronzy-green, margined with rufous on the sides of lower part of back and rump. Throat buffy-white, spotted with brown. Breast white. Under parts buff. Middle tail feathers bronzy-green, lateral ones buff with a black bar across their central part. Bill black. 4. Selasphorus flammula. Selasphorus Jlammula, Salv., P. Z. S. (1864), p. 586, sp. 16. — MtjLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 99 (1877). Hab. Costa Rica and Veragua. Male. Upper parts shining grass-green. Throat metallic rose-red. Breast and middle of abdomen white. Flanks buff mixed with green. Wings purplish-brown. Under tail coverts white. Tail purplish-black margined with rufous, the central pair slightly washed with green on outer webs. Maxilla black, mandible flesh- color, tip black. Total length, 2| in. Wing, If in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, | in. Female. Upper parts bronzy-green, brownish upon the head. Flanks buff. Throat, breast, and abdomen white ; the throat spotted with dark brown. Under tail coverts buff edged with white. Wings purplish-brown. Four central rectrices grass-green, edged on outer webs with rufous ; remainder black tipped with buffy- white. Bill and feet black. In size same as the male. 5. Selasphorus rufus. Trochilus ruber, Linn., Syst. Nat. (17G6), vol. i, p. 193, sp. 21. — Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 315, sp. 48. Vieill. Ency. Meth., p. 573, sp. 74. Trochilus rufus, Gmel., Syst. Nat., vol. i, p. 497 (1788). Ruff-necked Humming-Bird, Lath., Gen. Syii. (1781), vol. ii, p. 785, pi. 35. Trochilus coUaris, Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 318, sp. 59 (1790). Ornismya saisin. Less., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., p. 190, pis. 66, 67 (1829). Trochilus {Selasphorus) rufus, Swains., Faun. Bor. Anier., vol. ii, p. 324 (1832). Mellisuga rubra, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 60. Selasphorus rufus, AuD., B. Amer., octavo ed., vol. iv, p. 300. — Baird, B. N. Amer. (1860), p. 134. Gould Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 137 (partim).— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 88.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein! Th., iii, p. 56 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 106 (1877), partim. Selasphorus ruber, BoN., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 82, vol. i (1850).— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Selasphorus alleni, Henshaw, Bull Nutt. Ornith. Club (1877), vol. ii, p. 54. Hab. Pacific coast of North America from California to Nootka Sound. Male. Top of head and back bronzy-green, dullest on the forehead. Sides of the head, rump, flanks, abdomen, and under tail coverts rufous. A gorget of metallic SELASPHORUS. Ill feathers, covering all the throat and extending on to Kg- 60. the sides of the neck, brilliant coppery-red Avith brassy- reflections in certain lights. Upper part of breast white. Wings purplish-brown. Tail short, cuneate, all the feathers acutely pointed. Median rectrices rather broad, lateral ones narrowing rapidly to the outermost which is extremely attenuated. Bill straight, black. Total length, 3f in. Wing, 1^ in. Tail, 1| in. Cul- men, f in. Female. Above green. Throat white spotted with metallic-red. Under parts white, washed with rufous on the flanks and abdomen. Under tail coverts bufi'y- white. Median rectrices green, lateral ones rufous at base, then green and then black tipped with white. Bill black. 6. Selasphorus scintilla. Trochilus [Selasphorus) scintilla, Gould, P. Z. S. (1850), p. 162. Selasphorus scintilla, Gould, Men. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 138. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 89.— Beich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853).— Id., Troch. Bnum., p. 10 (1855).- Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. tl854), p. 257.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 56 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 104 (1877). Hah. Costa Rica and Veragua. Male. This species is a diminutive of S. rufus. The upper parts are a darker green, and there is no rufous on the sides of the back. Throat and under parts like S. rufus. Tail rufous with a median line of purplish-black on the central feathers, external ones rufous on inner web, purplish-black on the outer. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color at base, rest black. Total length, 2| in. Wing, 1 J in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, | in. Female. Head blackish-brown; upper parts golden-green. Throat white spotted with buff", rest of under parts like the male. Median rectrices bronze-green margined with rufous, lateral ones rufous, with a subterminal black bar. Bill black. > 7. Selasphorus liensha-v^i. Fig. 61. Trochilus rufus, Hensh., Bull. Nutt. Ornith. Club (1877), vol. ii, p. 54. Selasphorus henshawi, Elliot, Bull. Nutt. Ornith. Club (1877), vol. ii, p. - Hob. Mexico, northwards along the Pacific coast to Sitka. Male. Top of head metallic-green; upper parts cinna- mon, but some specimens have green feathers intermixed with the rufous ones on the back. Throat metallic- orange, not brilliant as in the other species. Breast and centre of abdomen white; flanks and under tail coverts rufous. Tail rufous tipped with dark brown ; feathers pointed at tip, median pair broad, lateral ones growing narrower to the outermost which is the most attenuated. On the inner web near the tip of the rectrices next the median pair is a well- 112 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. developed notch. Bill black. Total length, 3^ in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, f in. (Type of S. henshaioi in my collection.) Female. Entire upper parts shining grass-green, dullest on the crown. Throat white spotted with brown. Under parts white, washed with rufous on the breast and flanks. Under tail coverts buff. Median rectrices green ; lateral ones rufous at base, then a band of metallic-green, succeeded by a subterminal broad black bar, and tips white. Bill black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, ■§ in. Young males are similar to the females, with a few metallic spots on the throat. 8. Selasphorus torzidus. SelaspJwrus torridus, Salt., P. Z. S. (1870), p. 208.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 101 (1877). Hah. Veragua, Volcano of Chiriqui. Male. Upper parts dark shining grass-green. Throat shining lilac-red, silvery in certain lights. Feathers on the sides of the neck elongated, same color as the throat. Breast and middle of abdomen white. Flanks green. • Under tail coverts huffy- white. Median rectrices bronze-green ; lateral ones purplish-black, all except the two outer ones margined with rufous. Wings purplish-brown. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black. Total length, 2f in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, f in. Female. Head brownish, upper parts green. Under parts whitish, feathers of the throat spotted with brown. Flanks rufous. Tail black, base of three outer feathers rufous and tips white, next two margined with rufous ; middle feathers green. Genus LV.— CATHARMA. Type. Catharma, Elliot, Ibia (1876), p. 400. 0. orthura, Less. Ch. Bill longer than the head, broad at base. Pig- 62. pointed at tip. Wings long, reaching beyond the centre of the tail, which is extremely short and almost square. Range. Guiana, Merida, in Venezuela (Berlepsch in Litt.). But one species is known, with the form of that of catharma ortKura. Guatemala. Verdey. Tail long, median feathers nearly hidden in their coverts, two outer ones generally nearly equal and longest. Feet small. Sexes dis- similar. Range. Bahamas, Mexico, Guatemala, Gosta Rica, and Veragua. Five species are known. Key to the species. A. Throat metallic-purple. Two outer rectriees lengthened, purplish-black. B. Throat metallic violaceous-crimson. Three outer rectriees lengthened purplish- black, margined with buff on inner webs. C. Throat metallic-crimson. Inner webs of rectriees margined with buff. D. Throat metallic purplish-violet. Inner webs of rectriees bright buff. E. Throat and forehead metallic purplish-violet. Tail slightly forked, external feathers curving outwards. 1. D. enicura. 2. D. elizse. 3. D. hryantse. 4. D. evelynse. 5. Z*. lyrurae. 1. Doricha enicura. Trochilus enicurus, Vieill., Nouv. Diet. Hist, Nat. (1817), torn. 23, p. 429. — Id., Ency. M4th., tom. ii, p. 560. — Tbmm., Plan. Ool,, no. 66, fig. 3. Ornismya lieteropygia, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 72, pi. 15 (1829). Trochilus swainsoni, Less., Trochil., p. 167, pi. 66, 9 (1831). Galothorax enicura, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 85. Boricha henicura, Eeich., Aufz. der Oohb., p. 12 (1853). Lucifer enicurus, Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. Calliphlox henicura, Reich., Trochil. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Thaumastura enicura, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 157. Myrtis enicura. Gab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (I860) Th., iii, p. 59. Doricha enicura, Godld, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 95 (1861). Amalasia enicura, Muls., Cat. Ois. Mouoh. (1875), p. 29. Amalusia enicura. Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch. (1877), tom. iv, p. 16. Throat metallic Lateral rectriees Hah. Guatemala. Male. Upper parts and flanks dark grass-green. Chin black dark purple. Breast deep buff. Centre of abdomen dark gray, purplish-black, inner webs of two outer feathers narrowly margined with buff. Median rectriees shining grass-green. Bill black. Total length, 4^ in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, '2f in. Culmen, f in. Female. Upper surface and four central tail feathers bronzy-green. Lores and ear coverts blackish-brown. Under surface deep buff. Tail feather next the middle ones rufous at base, then green with a black tip, two outer ones rufous at base, then black with white tips. Bill black. Total length, 3 in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, f in. DORICHA. 126 2. Doricha elizae. Trochilus eliza, Less, et Delattr., Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 20. Myriis eliza, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). Lucifer eliza, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257.— Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). CalotJwrax eliza, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110. Thaumastura elizce, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 155. Doricha elizce, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 94 (1861). Amalasia elizce, Muls., Cat. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 29. Amalusia elizce, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch. (1877), torn, iv, p. 20. Eab. Mexico, vicinity of Jalapa and Cordova. Male. Upper parts and flanks bronzy yellowish-green. Throat metaUic violaceous- crimson. Breast, centre of abdomen, and under tail coverts white. Upper tail coverts shining green. Middle tail feathers green on inner webs, buff on outer. Lateral feathers which are lengthened purplish-black, two next the outermost, margined with buff on the inner webs. Bill black. Total length, 3f in. Wing, If in. Tail, If in. Culmen, f in. Female. Head brown, upper surface golden-green. Wings purplish-brown. Under parts white tinged with buff. Median rectrices green ; next green edged with buff" and tipped with black, remainder buff at base then black and tipped with white. Bill black. 3, Doricha bryantae. Doricha hryantae, Lawr., Ann. N. Y. Lye. Nat. Hist. (1867), vol. viii, p. 483. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv (1877), p. 42. Hah. Costa B,ica. Male. Upper surface dark grass-green. Throat metallic-crimson. Breast grayish- white, flanks and lower portion of breast dull green ; abdomen rufous. Under tail feathers green margined with rufous. Tail purplish-black, the rectrices margined on their inner webs with rufous. Bill black. Iris dark brown. Total length, 4 in. Wing, l|i in. Tail, 11 in. Bill, | in. Female. Above dull dark green. Sides of neck and upper parts of flanks dark green. Throat and breast pale buff. Abdomen and crissum rufous. Middle tail feathers grass-green, next rufous at base, with the terminal half purplish-black; remaining rectrices rufous with a broad purplish-black band across the central por- tion. Bill black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, If in. Tail 1 in. Culmen, | in. 4. Doricha evelynae. Trochilus evelynoe, Bourc, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 44. Calothorax evelynce. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 156. Lucifer evelince, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 10. Callothorax evillina, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. Trochilus bahamensis, Bryant, Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc. Bost. (1859), vol. vii, p. 106. Doricha evelynce, Gould, Intr. Trpch., octavo ed., p. 95 (1861).— Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 353.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch. (1877), torn, iv, p. 38. 126 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Hah. Islands of Nassau and New Providence of the Bahamas. Male. Above golden-green. Throat metallic purplish-violet. Breast white. Abdomen green mingled with rufous. Under tail coverts buffy-white. Median rectrices purple, the inner web of all but that of the external feather cinnamon. Bill black. Total length, 31 in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, f in. Female. Above greenish-gray. Throat buffy-white. Abdomen and under tail coverts rufous. Middle tail feathers bronzy-green, lateral feathers rufous with a subterminal black band, beneath which there is a green gloss on the outer webs. Bill black. Total length, 2| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1 in. Culmen, f in. 5. Doricha lyrura. Doricha lyrura, Gould, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser. (1869), vol. iv, pp. Ill, 112. — Elliot, Ibis (1872), p. 354.— MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Moucli. (1877), torn, iv, p. 41. Hah. Islands of Inagua, and Long Island of the Bahamas. Male. Forehead and throat metallic purplish-violet. Upper surface dull grass- green. A band of white across the breast, rest of under parts rufous, except vent which is white. Tail lyre-shaped, feathers turning outward at the tips, purplish- black, all the feathers except middle and outermost ones having their inner web rufous. Bill black. Total length, 3g in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, | in. Female. Upper parts pale brownish, glossed with metallic-green. Throat and breast white ; rest of under parts pale rufous. Tail rounded. Median pair of rectrices shining grass-green ; remainder buff with a broad black central band. The feather next the central pair on either side has a shining grass-green gloss on the outer web beneath the black. Wings purple. Bill and feet black. Total length, 3g in. Wing, If in. Tail, If in. Culmen, f in. Type. 0. fanny, Less. 0. fanny, Less. T. yarrelli, Bourc. T. yarrelli, Bourc. Fig. 73. Genus LXV.— MYRTIS. My r lis, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853). Z ephyrttis , Muls. and Veke., Class. Trocb. (1865), p. 87. Eudosia , Muls., Cat. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 32 {nee p. 20). Eulidia, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 114 (1877). Gh. Bill longer than the head, curved for its entire length. Wings rather long, reaching half the length of the tail. Median rectrices extremely short, almost hidden in the coverts ; the four lateral ones long. Range. Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Two species are known, of small size, with peculiarly shaped tails in the males, and brilliant throat marks. llurlia /anniS. S. Tiuta, Peru. "Wliitely. Key to the species. A. Throat metallic-green bordered by violet; four lateral rectrices uniform in width. 1. M. fannise. B. Throat metallic-lilac with blue reflections. Three lateral rectrices narrovf and pointed. 2. M. yarrelli. MYRTIS. 127 1. Myitis fanny. Ornismyafanny, Less., Ann. Sci. Nat. (1838), torn, ix, p. 170.— Id., Rev. Zool. (1838), p. 314. Trochilus labrador, Bouec, ^nn. Soc. Sci., Lyon (1839), p. 389, pi. viii.— Delattb., Rev. Zool. (1846), p. 311. Galothorax fanny, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 110, sp. 14.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 151. J Thaumastura fanny, Bon., Compt. Rend., p. 383 (1850).— Id., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 85. Myrtis fanny, Reich., Aufz. der Oolibri., p. 13 (1853).— Cab. and Hein., Mub. Hein. Th., iii, p. 59 (I860).— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 93 (1861).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouoh. (1877), torn, iv, p. 33. Lucifer labrador, Box., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257.— Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Hab. Ecuador and Peru. Male. Upper parts light bronze-green ; brownish on top of the head. Throat metallic bluish-green, bounded beneath by a narrow line of luminous violet. A white band across the breast ; flanks bronzy, washed with buff on lower half, rest of under parts white. Tail brownish-black with a bronze gloss. Wings brown. Bill black. Total length, 3f in. Wing, 1 1 in. Tail, If in. Culmen, | in. Type of T. labrador, Bourc. Female. Above like the male. Throat white, rest of under parts deep buff. Median rectrice's green ; next green tipped Avith black. Lateral ones, buff at base, rest black tipped with white. Bill black. Total length, 3^ in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1 in. Culmen, f in. Type of T. labrador, Bourc , in my collection. 2. Myrtis yarrelli. J^Trochilus yarrelli, Bourc, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 45. ^ Calothorax yarrelli, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 13 (1853).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 152. Calothorax yarelli, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. Lucifer yarrelli, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Myrtis yarrelli, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 93 (1861). Eudosia yarrelli, Muls., Oat. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 32. Eulidia yarelli, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 115 (1877). Hob. Bolivia. Male. Upper parts and four central tail feathers light yellowish-green. Throat metallic-lilac with blue reflections. Under parts white, washed with green on the flanks. Lateral tail feathers, which are stiff and narrow, and graduate to a point, dark brown. Bill black. Total length, 2| in. Wing, l^g in. Tail, If in. Cul- men, I in. Female. Above like the male, beneath buffy-white. Middle tail feathers green, next green with black tips, remainder buff at the base, then black and tipped with white. Bill black. Total length, 2f in. Wing, Ij in. Tail, 1 in. Culmen, ^^^ in. Descriptions taken from Bourcier's specimens, now in my collection, which were the types of Mr. Gould's plate in his Monograph. 128 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Genus LXVI.— TILMATURA. Tilmatura, Reioh., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853). Tryphoena, Gould, Intr. Troeh., octavo ed., p. 96 (1861). Ch. Bill as long as the head, straight. Wings rather short. Tail deeply forked, outermost feather tapering rapidly at the tip, and curved inwards. Feet small. Sexes dissimilar. Range. Restricted to Guatemala. But one species is known, remarkable for the very unusual style of coloration exhibited on the tail feathers of the male. In this respect it is totally unlike all other members of the Trochilidge. Type. 0. duponti, 0. duponti, Less. Less. Fig. 74. ^^S^J Tilmatura dupvnti. S . Guatemala. Gould. 1. Tilmatura duponti. Ornismya duponti, Less., Ois. Mouch. Supp., p. 100, pi. 1 (1829). Ornismya ccelestis. Less., Trait. Ornith. (1831), p. 276. Ornismya zemis. Less., Rev. Zool. (1838), p. 315. Mellisuga duponti. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 71. Tryphoena duponti, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 84 (1850).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 158.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 97. Tilmatura lepida, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5, pi. 711, figs. 4610-14. Thaumastura duponti, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. Trochilus diiponti, Jakd., Nat. Lib. Humming-birds, vol. i, p. 131. pi. 26. Tilmatura duponti, Oae. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 59 (note) (1860). — Muls., Cat. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 28. — Id., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 11 (1877). Hab. Guatemala. Male. Upper parts dark green, with a white spot on each side of the rump. Throat deep blue. Across the breast a band of white ; rest of under surface and crissum green. Median rectrices short, shining green, next one dark brown, the next dark brown with a white spot on inner web, and white tip. Remainder dark brown at base, then a band of rufous, then one of white succeeded by another of dark brown, and tip white. Bill black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, -| in. Female. Upper surface bronzy-green with two buflfy-white patches on each side of the rump. Under surface deep buff, with an indistinct band of white across the breast, and vent white. Middle tail feathers green, rest green at base, remaining part black tipped with white. Bill black. Total length, 2f in. Tail, | in. Wing, 1| in. Culmen | in. SMARAGDOCHRYSIS— PTOCHOPTERA. 129 Genus LXVII.— SMAEAGDOCHRYSIS. Smaragdochrysis, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 180 (1861). Type. C. iridescens, Gould. Fig. 75. Smaragdoc1ilryai» irid&icens. S . Tjpe. Brazil. Tarsi/eatTiend Oould. Ch. "Bill longer than the head, straight and slender; wings small, prima- ries narrow and rigid; tail of moderate size and deeply forked; tarsi clothed; feet small; hind toe and nail nearly as long as the middle toe and nail." (Gould, loc. cit.) Range. Brazil. One species only is known, and together with that of the succeeding genus, with which it is closely allied, leads on natu- rally to Calliphlox. 1. Smaragdochrysis iridescens. Calliphlox? iridescens, Gould, P. Z. S. (1860), p. 310. Smaragdochrysis iridescens, Gould, Mod. Troch., vol. v, pi. 359. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 181. Hah. Brazil. " The whole of the body including the upper and under tail coverts iridescent pale green and light coppery-red, most brilliant on the throat ; the deeply forked tail steely dark brown, each feather tipped with a -more bronzy or purplish hue, which is seen only in certain lights ; upper mandible and the tip of the lower one black, the remainder of the latter apparently reddish flesh-color. Total length, 3j in. Bill f in. Wing, lj\ in. Tail 1^ in." (Gould, 1. c.) Genus LXVIII.— PTOCHOPTERA. Ptochoptera, Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 261. Type. T. iolcema, Pelz. Fig. 76. Ch. Bill moderately long, straight, sharply pointed. Wings extremely short, a little over one- third the entire length of the bird. Tail long, deeply forked, feathers narrow, outer ones curving slightly inwards. Tail coverts very long, reaching to the fork of the tail. Range. Brazil. The single known species, like that of Smakag- DOOHRTSiS, is a small bird, of rather plain plumage, but with a brilliant throat. The females of both genera are entirely unknown. 17 September, 1878. Flochqplera iolcema. d' . Type. Brazil. JNatterer. 130 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 1. ^Ftochoptera iolaema. Riccordia wlcema, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum. p. 4, pi. 705, figs. 4588-89. Thalurania wlcema, Von Pelz., Ornitli. Bras., p. 57. — Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 361. Ptochoptera wlcema, Elliot, Ibis (1874), p. 261. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 89. Sab. Brazil. Male. Top of head and nape dull dark green, entire npper parts grass-green, only slightly metallic. The tail coverts are a lighter green than the back, and reach to the fork of the tail. Throat pale metallic grass-green. Rest of under parts pale smoky-brown, with some of the flank feathers tipped with grass-green. Under tail coverts long, same color as the abdomen, with a slight metallic-greenish lustre on the centre of the feathers. Tail long, deeply forked, dark purplish-brown, feathers very narrow. Wings purplish-brown. Bill and feet black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, If in. Tail, 2 in. Bill along gape, f in. From type of species in the Vienna Zoological Museum. Genus LXIX.— CALLIPHLOX. Calliphlox , BoiE, Isis (1831), p. 544. Philodice , Muls. and Veer., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 86. Ch. Bill shorter than the head, straight, slightly curved at extreme tip. Wings moderate. Tail rather long, deeply forked, feathers narrow. Sexes unlike. Range. Venezuela, island of Trinidad, Brazil, and Ecuador. Two species are known ; similar in form to those of the preceding genera, with rather dull metallic throats, not luminous in any light. Type. T. amethystinus, Gmel. T. mitchelli, Bourc. Fig. 77. Callvphlox amethystina. ^ . Brazil. "Whitely. Key to the species. A. Tail long and deeply forked. a. Throat metallic-amethyst. b. Throat metallic dark violet. 1. C. ainethystina. 2. C. mitchelli. 1. Calliphlox amethystina. Trochtlus amethystinus, Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i, p. 496. — Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i, p. 319 (1790). Shaw, Gen. Zool., vol. iii, p. 328. — Pr. Max., Beitr. Natur. Bras., p. 90. MelUsuga amethystina, Steph., Gen. Zool., vol. xiv, p. 243. — Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 72. Trochilus brevicauda, Spix., Av. Bras., vol. i, p. 79, t. 80, fig. 2 (1825). Ornismya amethystina. Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 150, pi. 47 (1829). — Id., Suppl., pis. 20, 21 22. Ornismya amethystoides, Less., Troch., p. 79, pi. 25, 26, 27 (1831). MelUsuga amethystoides, Geay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 72. Trochilus campestris, Pr. Max., Beit. Naturg. Bras., p. 73. Tryphcena amethystina, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 84.— Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. Tryphoena amethystoides, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 84. LOPHORNIS. 131 CallipMox amethystina, Reich., Anfz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum. (1855), p. 10.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 159. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 97. — Cab. and Hbin,, Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 58 (I860).— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 398.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 45 (1877). Calliphlox ametliystoides, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib. (1853), p. 12. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). — Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257.— Govld, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. t'8. ' Hah. Island of Trinidad, Venezuela, Brazil. Male. Upper parts dark 'bronzy-green. Throat metallic-amethyst, beneath which is a band of white, flanks green, abdomen gray changing to buff on the lower part of the flanks and under tail coverts. Central tail feathers green, lateral ones pur-' plish-brown. Bill black. Total length, ^ in. Wing, If in. Tail, 11 in. Cui- men, -^-^ in. Female. Upper parts golden-green, brownish on the head. Under parts pale gray, throat spotted with brown. Wings purplish-brown. Median rectrices bright metallic-green, lateral ones have basal half light purplish-gray, washed with green, remaining part black tipped with white. Bill black, feet brown. Total length, 3 in. Wing If in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, | in. 2. Calliphlox mitchelli. Trochilus mitchelli, Bourc, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 47. Mellisuga mitchelli. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 74. Calothorax m.itchelli, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 13 (1853). Lucifer mitchelli, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 10 (1855). Tryphoena mitchelli, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. Calliphlox mitchelli, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 160.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 98 (1861). — Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 399.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iv, p. 49 (1877). Hah. Ecuador. Male. Upper surface, abdomen, flanks, and under tail coverts dark grass-green. Throat dark metallic-violet. Breast grayish-white. A patch of buff on each side of the rump. Tail dark purple. Bill black. Total length, 3J in. Wing, If in. Tail, Ij in. Culmen, ^ in. Female. Upper parts dark green. Under parts buff, changing to rufous on the abdomen and under tail coverts. Lores and sides of neck blackish-brown. Middle tail feathers bronze-green, lateral ones rufous with a subterminal black bar. Bill black. Total length, 2f in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, | in. Culmen, i in. Genus LXX.— LOPHORNIS. Type. Lophornis, Less., Tab. Esp. Ois. Mouch., p. xxxvii (1829). T. ornatus, Bodd. Bellatrix, Bote, Isis, p. 545 (1831). T. ornatus, Bodd. Lophorinus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. 0. delattrii. Less. Polemistria, Oab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 63 (note) (1860). T. verreauxi, Bourc. Telamon, Muls. and Veee., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 75. 0. delattrii, Less. Pap ho si a, Muls. and Veee., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 75. 0. helencB, Delatt. Dialia, Muls., Oatal. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 27. L. adorahilis, Salv. Idas, Muls., Catal. Ois. Mouch., p. 27 (1875). T. magnificus, Vieill. Aurinia, Muls., Catal. Ois. Mouch., p. 27 (1875). T. verreauxi, Bourc. 132 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Zophomia omatua. Trinidad. "Whitelf. Gh. Head usually crested. Feathers of the sides of Fi&- '^^■ the throat more or less lengthened into ruffs, and pro- jecting outwards. Tail rounded. Bill straight, short, weak. Sexes unlike in plumage. Range. Central America, island of Trinidad, Guiana,- Venezuela, Brazil, Columbia, and Ecuador. This genus, as instituted by Lesson (1. c), was a com- posite one. It contained as the first of its species, his Ornismya natl'ereri (^T. superhus, Vieill.), followed by 0. petasophora (=T. serrirostris, Vieill.), 0. delalandiy 0. cristata, 0. ornaia, Linn., 0. strumaria {^T. mag- nificus, Vieill.), and 0. vieillotii {=T. chalyheus, Vieill.). Of these, the first is the type of Mr. Gould's genus AuGASTES, the second is the type of Petasophora, Gray, the third is the type of Cephallepis (Cephalolepis), Lodd., and the fourth is the type of Bellona, Muls., leaving the two remaining species in Lesson's genus Lophornis, of which his Or- nismya ornata {TrocMlua ornatus, Bodd.) may be considered as the type. The birds comprised in this genus seem best placed here, as from them through Gouldia and DiscuRA we arrive naturally at Steganura, Loddegesia, and the long-tail species commonly known as the blue-, and fire-tail Hummers. — Although the tails of the species of Lophornis and Gouldia are very diff'erent, yet there are points of resem- blance between them in plumage, among which could be cited the conspicuous bar that crosses the rump. The Coquettes, as they are called, are small birds possess- ing a highly ornamented plumage, having elongated feathers springing from the sides of the neck with metallic tips. Some species are also adorned with crests, and all have metallic throats, with but two exceptions. Of course this is understood to imply only as regards the males. The females are differently attired. Ten species are recognized as belonging to this genus; two very closely allied, viz., L. delattrii and L. regulus, and it may be well doubted if they really are dis- tinct. Key to the species. A. Throat metallic-green. a. No metallic colors on upper parts of the head. a'. Crest spotted throughout its length, b'. Crest unspotted. a" Crest tipped minutely with black. b". Crest conspicuously tipped with greenish-black. b. Front covered with metallic-green feathers. a'. Feathers of neck elongated, buff tipped with green, b' Feathers of neck elongated, white. a". Elongated feathers with round apical metallic-green spots. h" Elongated neck feathers with apical metallic-green bars. c'. Feathers of neck elongated, buff streaked with black, or all black. c. Front covered with metallic-red feathers : crown white. 1. L. stictolophus. 2. L. delattrii. 3. L. regulus. i. L. ornatus. 5. L. gouldi. 6. L. magnificus. Y. L. helense. 8. L. adorahilis. LOPHORNIS. 133 B. Throat not metallic. a. Elongated neck feathers green spotted with white. a'. Under parts deep oil-green. Tail bronzy-brown. 9. L. chalyhea. b'. Under parts dark brown with bronzy-brown reflections. Tail purplish-bronze. 10. L. verreauxi. 1. Lophornis stictolophus. Lophomts regince, Gould (nee Soheeib.), P. Z. S. (1847), p. 97.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 122.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 84 (1861).— Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 84 (1850).— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. Bellatrix regince, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9 (1855). Lophornis stictolophus, Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 280. Telamon strictolopJiiis, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 201 (i876). Hob. Venezuela, Columbia, and Ecuador. Male. Distinguished from all others of the genus by its crest, which is broad, rust-red in color, each feather tipped with a green spot ; the spots commencing in the centre of the crown. Back shining green. Rump ai-d upper tail coverts bronzy-brown; a white band across the rump. Throat metallic-green, beneath which is a spot of white. Under parts light shining green. Under tail coverts buflf. Tail brownish-chestnut, external feathers margined and tipped with bronzy- green. Bill flesh-color, brown at tip. Total length, 2f in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, f in. Female. Head not crested. Front and crown deep buff, occiput dark green. Rump bronzy-brown, crossed by a band of buff. Upper part of throat white spotted with blackish-brown, lower portion black with bronze reflections. Tail buff, with a broad subterminal blackish-brown band with bronzy-green reflections. Remaining plumage as in the male. Types in my collection. 2. Lophornis delattrii. Omismya {Lophornis) delattrii. Less., Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 19. Lophornis delattrii, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 121.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 84 (1861).- Eeich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 12.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. — , (1855).- Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257.— Id., Oonsp. Gen. Av., p. 83 (1850). Mellisuga delattrii, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 1 13. Telamon delattrii, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 199 (1876). Eab. Veragua, Panama, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.'? Male. Differs from the L. stictolophus simply in the form of its crest, which is rufous, lengthened, central feathers the longest, and tipped with minute green spots. Rest of plumage like L. stictolophus. Total length, 2| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, I5 in. Culmen, -^^ in. Female like that of L. stictolophus. Young male has the forehead and throat rufous, rest like the female. 3. Lophornis regulus. Trochilus [Lophornis) regulus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 89.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 120.— Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., p. 84 (1850). Mellisuga regulus, Geav, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113. , Lophornis lophotes, Gould, Intr. Mon. Troch., octavo ed., p. 83 (1861). 134 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Hah. Bolivia. Male. Only differs from L. delattrii by having the crest conspicuously tipped vs^ith dark green spots, and a slightly longer bill. Total length, 2| in. Wing, If in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, -^-^ in. Female. Exactly like that of the L. delattrii. The L. lophotes, Gould, is the same as regulus with still larger spangles on the tips of the crest feathers. It is most probable that all these three constitute but one species, which should be called L. delatt7'ii. 4. Lophornis ornatus. Trochilus ornatus, Bodd., Plan. Enlum. d'Aubent, pi. 640, fig. 3 (1783). — Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i, p. 497. — Lath., Ind. Orn., vol. i (1790), p. 318. — Shaw., Gen. Zool. vol. viii., p. 345. — Vieill., Ency. Meth., p. 565, sp. 64. Ornismya ornata, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 139, pi. 41 (1829). — Id., Troch., p. 77, pi. 24, juv. (1831). Mellisuga ornata, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 13, sp. 84. — Leot., Ois. Trinid., p. 148. Lophornis auratus, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 83 (1850). Lophornis ornata, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 62 (1860). Lophornis ornatus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 117.' — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 82 (1861). — Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. — Id., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 83, vol. i. — Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12. — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9. — Less., Trait. Ornith., p. 285 (1831).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 215. Eab. Trinidad, Venezuela, and Guiana. Male. Head and crest deep chestnut, unspotted. Forehead and throat metallic- green. On either side of neck, a series of lengthened graduated feathers, each one tipped with metallic-green. Under surface bronzy-green. Rest of plumage like L. stictolophus. Total length, 2^-^ in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, \\ in. Culmen, f in. Female. Top of head, upper and under surface bronzy-green. Across the rump a^band of buffy-white. Throat and upper part of breast buff. Rest of plumage like the female of L. stictolophus. 5. Lophornis gouldi. Ornismya gouldi, Less., Trochil., p. 103, pi. 36 (1831-33). Lophornis regince, Schreib., Collect. Faun. Bras. (1833), pi. 1. Bellatrix gouldi, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9 (1855). Lophornis gouldi, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 118. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 83 (1861). Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 83 (1850).— Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257.— Salv. and Elliot, Ibis (1873), p. 279.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 218 (1876). Hah. Brazil, Amazonian valley — vicinity of Para. Male. Head and crest chestnut-red. Forehead and throat metallic-green. Upper and under surface, and wing coverts bronzy-green. Rump chestnut-brown, crossed by a band of white. On either side of neck are lengthened graduated white feathers, each one with a round metallic-green spot at tip. Tail chestnut-red, feathers mar- gined and tipped with bronzy-green. Bill flesh-color, tip brown. Total length, 2^ in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, Jg- in. Female. Head and upper surface golden-green. Lores and throat buff. Median rectrices bronzy-green, lateral ones buff, with bronzy-green subterminal bar. Rest of plumage like the male, no elongated feathers on sides of the neck. LOPHORNIS. 135 6. Lophornis magnificus. Trochilus magnificus, Vieii.l., Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. (1817), t. vii, p. 367, et t. xxiii, p. 428, pi. G, 36, fig. 3. —Id., Ois. Dor., torn, iii, pi. 8.— Temm., Plan. Col., 229, fig. 2.— Pb. Max., Beit. Nat. Bras., p. 79. Golibri Jielios, Spix., Av. Bras., torn, i, p. 81, tab. 82, fig. 2 (1824). Trochilus decorus, Light., Doubl., p. 14, no. 120. Ornismya magnifica, Less., Man. Ornith., torn, ii, p. 80. Ornismya strumaria, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 143, pi. 42, % (1829) ; pi. 43, fig. 1, 9 ; fig. 2, ■£ , juv. Lophornis strumaria, Less., Trait. Ornith., p. 285 (1831). Mellisuga magnifica, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 88. • Bellatrix magnifica, Reioh., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9 (1855). Lophornis magnificus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 119. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 83 (1861). — Bok., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 83 (1850).— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. Lophornis magnifica. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 62 (1860). Telamon magnificus. Gray, Handl.-B., p. 147, vol. i. Idas magnificus, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 211 (1876). Hab. Brazil. Male. Precisely like the L. gouldi, except that the elongated neck feathers have the tip crossed by a bar of metallic-green, instead of a round ^pot. Total length, 2f in. Wing, If in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, f in. Female like that of L. gouldi. (^,,.,^^ ^/'M. --^^ ho^"^^^^-^^ 7. Lophornis helenae. Ornismya helence, Delattb., Echo du Monde Savant. (1843), p. 1068. — Id., Rev. Zool. (1843), p. 133. Mellisuga helence, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 133. Lophornis helence, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12. — Id., Troch. Brium., p. 9 (1855). — Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av_ (1850), vol. i, p. 83.— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 123.— Id., Intr. Troeh., octavo ed., p. 84. Paphosia helence, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 205 (1876). Hob. Mexico, Guatemala, and Costa Rica. Male. Top of head and crest dark shining green. From either side of the occiput spring three long, slender, greenish-black feathers. Back and wing coverts bronzy- green. Rump bronzy-brown, crossed by a narrow line of white. Throat metallic light green, surrounded by black, the feathers on the sides of the neck elongated and streaked with buff. Under surface white, each feather with a golden spot at the tip. Under tail coverts dark rufous. Median rectrices green, lateral ones deep rufous margined with dark brown. Bill flesh-color. Total length, 2f in. Wing, If in. Tail IJ in. Culmen, | in. Female. Upper surface and abdomen bronzy-green. Throat white spotted with green. Tail deep buff, with a subterminal band of black. Middle rectrices dark green tipped with black. 8. Lophornis adorabilis. Lophornis adorabilis, Salv., P. Z. S. (1870), p. 207. Dialia adorabilis, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 208 (1876). Eah. Chiriqui. Male. Forehead metallic ruby-red. Crown pure white, narrowing to a point on the occiput. From each side of the occiput spring a few narrow, lengthened dark 136 SYNOPSIS or THE HUMMING-BIRDS. green feathers. Sides of the head bordering the white, dark brown. Back and wing coverts bronzy-green. Kump dark purple crossed by a narrow white band. Throat metaUic dark green. Upper part of breast white. Flanks bronzy-green. Abdomen and under tail coverts dark rufous. Tail deep rufous, with the tips of the median feathers, and edges of the others, greenish-brown. Bill flesh-color, tip brown. Wings purple. Total length, 2g in. Wing, If in. Tail, ly^g in. Cul- men, f in. Female. Top and sides of head dark brown. Upper parts bronzy-green. Throat and breast white spotted with dark brown. Tail deep buff with a subterminal black bar. Flanks bronzy-green. Abdomen and under tail coverts deep rufous. Rump as in the male. Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color at base, tip black. 9. Lophornis verreauxi. Trochilus verreauxi, Bouec, Rev. Zool. (1853), p. 193. Lophornis verreauxi, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 12. — Id., Troch. Bnum., p. 9 (1855). — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 125. Bellatrix verreauxi, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854\ p. 257. Polemistria verreauxi. Cab. and Hbin., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 63 (note). — Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 85. — MuLs., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 221. Hah. Upper Amazon knd Columbia, Peru. Male. Forehead and patch beneath the eye metallic grass-green. Crest deep chestnut, each feather tipped and margined with dark green. Back and flanks dark bronzy-green. Across the rump a line of white. Throat and sides of neck dull pale green, the feathers of the neck tipped with white. Centre of breast and abdomen dark green — almost black. Upper tail coverts bronzy-purple. Tail pur- plish-bronze. Bill black. Total length, 3^ in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1| in. Cul- men, Jg- in. Female. Top of head dark brown, without crest. Back bronzy-green. A line of white on sides of throat. Flanks washed with green. Throat and abdomen black spotted with buff. Line across the rump buff. Upper tail coverts dark crimson. Tail bronze-green at base, changing to blackish-brown, all the lateral feathers tipped with pearly-white. Under tail coverts blackish-brown. Description taken from a female procured by Chesterton in Columbia. 10. Lophornis chalybea. Trochilus chalyheus, Vibill., Ency. M6th., vol. ii, p. 574. — Temm., PI. Col., no. 66, fig. 2. Trochilus festivus, Light., Doubl., p. 14. Colihri mystax, Spix., Av. Bras., torn, i, p. 82, tab. 82, fig. 3 (1824). Ornismya vieillotii, Less., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouoh., p. 186, pi. 64 (1829).— Id., Trochil., p. 37, pi 8- p 41 pi 9 ; p. 44, pi. 10 ; p. 46, pi. 11 (1831). ' ' ' ' Ornismya audenetii, Less., Ois. Mouch. Supp., p. 102, pi. 2 (1831). Mellisuga chalybea. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113 (1844-49). Mellisuga audenitii, Geay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113. Lophornis audenitii, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i (1850), p. 84. Lophornis chalyheus, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i (1850), p. 84.— Reich.. Troch. Bnutn., p. 9 (1855).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 124.— Berlepsch., Jonrn. fur Ornith. (1873), p. 275. Lophornis chalybea, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). GOTJLDIA. 137 Bellatrix chalybeus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 297. Lophorms festivus, Buem., Th. Bras., vol. ii, p. 354, sp. 2 (1856). Polemistria chalyhea, Oab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 63. — Gould, lutr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 85 (1861). Polemistria vieilloti, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouob., vol. iii, p. 231 (1876). Rob. Brazil. Male. Forehead, line beneath the eye, and ear coverts metallic grass-green. Back, wing coverts, and back of head bronzy-green. Eump dark purple, crossed by a narrow white band. Throat and lengthened feathers on the sides dark glossy green, not metallic, the latter tipped with white. Breast grayish-white ; abdomen and flanks dark brown with bronze reflections. A line of white across the vent. Upper tail coverts pale gray tipped and margined with bronzy-green. Tail bronzy- brown tipped with white. "Wings dark purplish-brown. Bill black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, If in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, y\- in. Female. Top of head brown, upper surface of body greenish-bronze ; beneath grayish-white. Throat streaked with brown. Tail bronzy-green at base, changing into dark bronzy-brown, and tipped with buff". Rump, bill, and wings like the male. We now reach a group of birds allied in many ways to those of the genus LoPHORNis, yet diff"ering greatly in their singular tails, which are composed of lengthened attenuated feathers, the three outermost ones on either side being the longest, although very unequal, and the four median ones so short as to be hardly visible. The species first given is perhaps possessed of the most spine-like rectrices, closely followed, however, by the next; but when the O. loetiticB is reached we find it to be almost the counterpart of Discura longicauda, the only species of the fol- lowing genus, but without the spatuks at the end of the external rectrices. All the species of Gouldia are small but of a graceful shape. I have kept the G. pope- lairi in the same genus as the rest, not considering that the possession of a crest is of sufficient importance to give the species a distinct generic rank. Genus LXXI.— GOULDIA. Type. Gouldia, Bon., Compt. Rend., p. 381 (1850). T. langsdorffl, VieiU. Popelaria, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 12 (1853). T. popelairi, DuBus. Oouldomyia, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. T. langsdorffl., Vieill. Prymnacantha, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 64. T. popelairei, DuBus. TricTioZop/ia, Heine, Journ.fur Ornith. (1863), p. 209. , T. popelairei?, DuBus. Mytinia, Muls., Catal. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 28. T. Imtitix, Bourc. Jfyi/iiwia, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii (1876), pp. 235, 245. T. l(xtitim, Bourc. 18 October, 1878. 138 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Ch. Bill about as long as the head. Rectrices lengthened, stiff, graduating to a fine point. Outer- most one bare of outer web for nearly three-fourths its length. Tarsi covered by a tuft of feathers. Range. Veragua and Costa Rica in Central America, Brazil, the upper Amazon, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Four species are here included in this genus. Key to the species. A. Head crested, breast black, 'not metallic. B. Head not crested, breast metallic. a. Breast luminous green bordered with red. b. Breast shining green, abdomen dull green. c. Breast metallic-green, a patch of white on its lower border. Fig. 79. Gouldia langsdorjfl. 3 'Rio Janeiro. "Verreaux. 1. G. popelairii. 2. G. langsdorffi. 3. G. conversi. 4. G. leetitiae. 1. Gouldia popelairii. Troclnlus popelairii, Du Bits., Esquiss. Ornith., pi. 6 (1845). Mdlisuga popelairii. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113. Gouldia popelairi, Bon., Coiisp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 86. — Gould, Men. Trocli., vol. iii, pi. 127. — Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (18.54), p. 257. Popelairia triclwlopha, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9 (1855). — Mdls., Hist. Nat. Oia. Mouch. (1876), vol. iii, p. 235. Prymnacantha popelairei, Cab. and Hbin., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 64 (1860). — GoDL^, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 87. Tricolopha popelairei, Heine, Journ. fur Ornith. (1863), p. 209. Eab. Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. Male. Top of head and throat metallic grass-green. Lengthened hair-like feathers, extending beyond the short crest, black. Back and upper tail coverts grass-green. A white band across the rump, between this band and the tail coverts the rump is greenish-black. Breast and abdomen black; flanks light brownish-gray. Under tail coverts white. Tail steel-blue, shafts white in the middle feathers, brownish in the lateral ones. Thighs red. Bill black. Total length, 4^ in. Wing, If in. Tail, 2f in. Culmen, j\ in. Female. Upper parts, flanks, and tail coverts bronzy-green, white band across the rump. Chin and a line on side of the neck grayish-white. Centre of throat and abdomen bluish-black. Tail short, steel-blue with gray base and white tips. Thighs red. 2. Gouldia langsdorfE. Trochilus langsdorffi, Bonnat. and Vieill., Ency. M6th., vol. ii, p. 574 (1794).— Temm., Plan. Col, no. 66, fig. 1. Orthorhynchus lavgsdorffi, Imss., Man. Ornith., torn, ii, p. 77 (1828). Ornismya langsdorffi, Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 102, pi. 26 (1829).— Id., Supp., p. 129, pi. 16.— Id., Trochil., p. 101, pi. 35 (1831). GOULDIA. 139 Colihri ht'rundinaceus, Spix., Av. Bras., vol. i (1824), p. 80, pi. 81, fig. 2. Mellisuga langsdorffi, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113. Oouldia langsdorffi, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p 86.— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 128.^Dbs Murs, Voy. Castel. (Oiseaux.), p. 41. — Ebicil, Aufz. der Oolib., p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Euum., p. 9 (1855). Prymnacantlia langsdorffi, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 64.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii (1876), p. 238. Gouldia melanosternum, Gould, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (1868), 4th ser., vol. i, p. 323. Hab. Brazil, upper Amazon, Peru. Male. Crown, throat, and breast glittering metallic grass-green, bounded beneath by a line of fiery-red. Upper surface bronzy-green, with a white band across the rump. Lower portion of breast black, rest of under parts grayish-white. Median rectrices steel-blue with white shafts, lateral ones steel-blue at base, then brownish- white with brown shafts. Wings purple-brown. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 3f in. Culmen, -j^ in. Female. Upper surface bronzy-green with a white band across the rump. Chin black; a white line from the angle of bill. Throat spotted with green. Tail short. Median rectrices steel-blue tipped with white ; lateral ones grayish-white, with a subterminal steel-blue bar. 3. Grouldia conversi. Trochilus conversi, Bourc. and Muls., Ann. Soc. Agr., Lyon (1846), p. 313. — Id., Eev. Zool. (1846), p. 314, pi. 3. Mellisuga conversi. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113 (1844-49). Oouldia conversi, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 86. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257. — Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 129.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib. p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9 (1855).— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 86 (1861). Prymnacaralia conversi. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 65.— Muls., Hist, Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 242. Hah. Columbia. Male. Head and throat shining dark grass-green. A white band across the rump below which is a broad one of deep chestnut. Entire rest of body dark bronze- green. Wings purplish-brown. Rectrices steel-blue, with a central line and tips pale brown. Bill black. Total length, 4^ in. Wing, If in. Tail, 2| in. Cul- men, f in. Female. General plumage dark green, with a white band across the rump. Throat black, with a white line on either side from the angle of the mouth. Tail feathers, dark gray at base, with a greenish gloss on the central pair, succeeded by steel-blue and tipped with white. Tail short and- rounded. Total length, 2| in. Wing, l^g in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, f in. 4. Gouldia laetitiae. Trochilus loetiticB, Bourc, Ann. Soc. Agr., Lyon (1852), p. 143. Gouldia Icetitiae, Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 130.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 9 (1855).— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 86 (1861). Prymnacantlia Icetitioe, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 64. Uythinia Icetitioe, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 245 (1876). Hah. Bolivia]. 140 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Male. Head and throat glittering pale grass-green. Upper surface coppery- brown ; band across the rump white. A white patch beneath the green of the throat. Upper part of abdomen and flanks bronzy-green. Lower portion of belly gray. Upper tail coverts red, changing to golden-green. Tail black, shafts rufous. Under tail coverts golden-green bordered with black. Bill: Maxilla black, man- dible flesh-color at base, rest black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, Ij in. Tail, Ig in. Culmen, f in. Female. Unknown. Only two examples of this species have been obtained ; one in my collection, and one in that of Mr. Gould. Genus LXXII.— DISCURA. Platurus , Less., Ois. Mouch. (1829), p. xxii (nee Latr. Eept.). Ocreatus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 86 (partim). Discosura, Bon., Comp. Rend., p. 383 (1850), vol. i, p. 84. Discura, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853). Type. T. longicaudus, Gmel. T. longicaudus, Gmel. T. longicaudus, Gmel. T. longicaudus, Gmel. Pig. 80. Discttra longitauda, S . Cayenne. Salle. Ch. Bill short, straight, cylindrical, converging rapidly near the tip to a slender point. Tail deeply forked, the rectrices pointed, the outermost ones bare of webs near their tips, and terminating in a spatula. Sexes unlike in plumage. Range. Guiana, Brazil. But one species of this genus is known, very closely resembling the Gouldia Icetitice in plumage, but possessing spatules on the external rectrices, and thus leading directly to Steganuka. 1. Discura longicauda. Trochilus longicaudus, Gmel., Syst. Nat., vol. i, p. 498 (1788). Trochilus platurus, Lath., Ind. Ornith., vol. i, p. 317 (1790). — Shaw, Gen. Zool., vol. viii, p. 316. Vieill., Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. (1817), torn, vii, p. 370.— Id., Ency. M6th., tom. ii, p. 569.— Pk. Max., Beit, Naturg., t. iv, p. 96. — Tschud., Faun. Peruan., p. 245 (1840-46). Mellisuga platura, Steph., Gen. Zool., vol. xiv, p. 242. Trochilus bilophus, Temm., PI. Col., no. 18, fig. 3. Ornismya platura. Less., Ois. Mouch., p. 136, pi. 40 (1829).— Id., Supp., p. 159, pi. 31 (1831). Trochilus [Ocreatus) ligonicaudus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 86. Mellisuga ligonicauda, Grav, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 57. Discosura longicauda, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i (1850), p. 84. Discosura ligonicauda, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i (1850), p. 84. Discura platura, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853).— Id., Troeh. Enum., p. 5, pi. 706, figs. 4591-95 (1855). Discura longicauda, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8.— Id., Troeh. Enum., p. 5, pi. 706, figs. 4591-95.— Bon. Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 257.— Gould, Mon. Troeh., vol. iii, pi. 126.— Id., liitr! Troeh., octavo ed.^ p. 85.— Cab. and Hein., Mas. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 65. Hah. Guiana, Brazil. Male. Face, throat, neck, and upper part of breast shining grass-green. A small black spot on the chin. Back and upper tail coverts bronzy-green. A band of STEGANURA. 141 buffy-white crosses the lower part of back. Flanks golden-green. A few green feathers on the centre of the breast edged with white. Middle of abdomen golden- brown ; lower part and under tail coverts buff. Tail purplish-broAvn, each feather having a central stripe of buff. Shaft of outermost ones elongated beyond the rest and terminating in a purplish-black spatula. Wings purplish-brown. Bill black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, If in. Tail, 2^ in. Culmen, | in. Female. Head greenish-brown. Upper surface and flanks bronzy-green. A broad buff band across the lower part of back. Centre of throat black, bordered on either side with white. Centre of abdomen blackish-brown. Upper tail coverts black. Tail dark gray, largely tipped with purplish-black, the black on the outermost feathers edged with white. Bill black. At the base of bill is a small spot of buff. Total length, 2| in. Wing, IJi in. Tail 1 in. Culmen, f in. Genus LXXIIL— STEGANUEA. Ocreatus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 86 (partim). Steganurus, Reich., Syst. Av. Nat., pi. 40 (1849). Steganura, Beioh., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853). Spathura, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 99. Uralia, Muls. and Verk., Class. Troch. (1865), p. 81. Type. T. addoB, Bourc. 0. underwoodi, Less. O. underwoodi, Less. 0. underwoodi, Less. S. cissiura, Gould. Fig. 81. steganura undensoodi, S ifew Granada, White! v Cli. Bill straight, about as long as the head ; wings moderately long. Tail deeply • forked, the outer rectrix on each side, with one exception, having the shaft bare of webs for a portion of its length and terminating in a spa- tula. Tarsi hidden in a tuft of downy feathers ; hind toe and nail shorter than the middle toe and nail. Sexes unlike in plumage. Range. Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Six species are known belonging to this genus. They are strongly characterized birds, with luminous throats and breasts, tarsi completely hidden in downy puffs, and elongated external rectrices, bare of webs near the tips and terminating in a spatula. They are of various sizes, but generally rather small. Key to the species. A. Tarsal tufts white. a. Chin bronzy-green in % , breast and abdomen in 9 white spangled with green. b. Chin black in %, breast and abdomen in 9 pure white. B. Tarsal tufts rufous. a. Outer rectrices very long, spatules oval. b. Outer rectrices moderately long, spatules wide as long. c. Outer rectrices shorter than those of b; spatules wider than long. d. Outer rectrices webbed throughout their entire length. Spatules small 1. S. underwoodi. 2. S. melananthera 3. s. solstiiialis. 4. s. peruana. 5. s. addee. 6. s. cissiura. 142 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 1. Steganura under^voodi. Ornismya underwoodi, Less., Troch., p. 105, pi. 37 (1831). Ornismya kieneri, Less., Troch., p. 165, pi. 65, 9 (1831). Mellisuga underwoodi, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 56. Steganura underwoodi, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5 (1855). — Mnts., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 254. Steganura spatuligera, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., pp. 8, 24 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum. p. 5 pi. 707, figs. 4596-9 (1855). Steganura remigera, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., pp. 8, 24 (1853). — Id., Troohil. Enum., p. 5, pi. 708, figs. 4601-2. Steganurus remigera, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 67. Steganurus underwoodi. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 66. Spathura underwoodi, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii. pi. 162.^ — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 80 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256.— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 100 (1861). Hah. Columbia and Venezuela. Male. Upper surface, abdomen, flanks, and under tail coverts bronzy-green. Throat and breast luminous grass-green. Tail, outer rectrices, and inner webs of rest brown ; outer webs and middle pair grass-green ; spatules large, black. External rectrices vary considerably in length among individuals. Tarsal tufts white, bill black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 3f in. Culmen, | in. Female. Upper surface and median rectrices grass-green. Beneath white spangled with green. Under tail coverts buff, lateral rectrices light brown, outer ones tipped with white, rest washed with green on outer webs. Wings purple. Bill black. Tarsal tufts white. Total length, 3 J in. Wing, If in. Tail, If in. Culmen, 1 in. 2. Steganura melananthera. Trochilus {Spathura) melananthera, Jard., Contr. Ornith. (1851), p. Ill, pi. 20. Discura melananthera, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 70. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. Steganura melananthera, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5, pi. 710, figs. 4608-9 (1855). Spathura melananthera, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 163. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 100 (1861). Steganurus melanantherus. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 66 (note 3). ITab. Ecuador. Male. Differs from the S. underivoocU by having the chin jet-black, and the spatules somewhat smaller. Otherwise the two are almost precisely alike. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, -^-^ in. Female. Differs from the female of S. underwoodi by having the under surface pure white, without any spangles of green on the breast. Total length, 2| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1 in. Culmen, -^^ in. 3. Steganura solstitialis. Spathura {Steganurus) solstitialis, Gould, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (1871), 4th ser., vol. viii, p. 62. Steganura solstitialis, MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 260 (1876). Hah. Ecuador. Male. Upper surface, abdomen, flanks, and under tail coverts dark grass-green. Throat and breast luminous grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Tarsal tufts very deep buff. Tail dark brown; outer Avebs of all but the outermost rectrices washed STEGANUEA. ^43 with green. Spatulas black. Specimen before me (a typical one) has no gray on the edges. Bill black. ' Total length, 51 in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 3 in. Culmen, f in. Female. Upper parts bronzy-green. Entire under parts white spotted with green. Under tail coverts buff. Middle rectrices bronzy-green, outermost one on either side brown tipped with white, remainder brdwn on inner web, bronzy-green on outer. Bill black. Total length, 31 in. Wing, If in. Tail, li in. Culmen, | in. 4. Steganura peruana. Spathura peruana, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 164— In., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 100 (1861).— Bon,, Consp. Gen. Av. (1650), vol. i, p. 80.— Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. Steganura peruana, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5, pi. 709, figs. 4606-7 (1855). MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 261 (1876). Steganurus peruanus, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 66 (note 5) (I860).— Whiteley P Z S (1873) p. 784. Hab. Peru. Male. Throat and breast metallic grass-green ; rest of plumage of body bronzy- green. Wings and tail brown ; the outer webs of all the lateral rectrices except the outermost bronzy-green. Bill black. Tarsal tufts buff. Total length, 5 in Wing, If in. Tail, 3| in. Culmen, | in. Female. Upper surface and median rectrices bronzy-green. Under surface white spangled with green. Tarsal tufts and under tail coverts buff.' Outermost rectrices brown tipped with white, rest brown on inner web, green on outer. Bill black. Wings brown. Total length, 3J in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1;^ in. Culmen | in. Obs. Although Mr. Gould cites the P. Z. S., for 1849, as the place where this species was described, and he has been followed in this citation by others, yet I cannot find that the species was published in the volume for that year, but was evidently first described in the Monograph of the Trochilidae. 5. Steganura addae. Trochilus addce, Bourc, Eev. Zool. (1846), p. 312, Sept. Trochilus (Ocreatus) rufocaligatus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 86, Oct. Mellisuga rufocaligata, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 59. Spathura addce, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 80. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. Steganura addce, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853). — Id., Trochil. Enum., p. 5, pi. 709, figs. 4603-5. — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., vol. iii, p. 263 (1876). Spathura rufocaligata, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 165. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 100 (1861). Steganurus addce. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1861)' Th., iii, p. 66 (note 6). Hab. Bolivia. Male. Throat and breast brilliant green; rest of body and middle rectrices bronze- green. Under tail covers bronze-green, margined with buff. Tarsal tufts rufous. Tail brown, spatules black. Bill black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 2f in. Culmen, -^^ in. From Bourcier's type in my collection. Female. Upper parts and median rectrices bronze-green. Under surface white spotted with green. Tarsal tufts and under tail coverts rufous. Outermost rectrices brown tipped with white, rest brown on inner web, green on outer. Bill black. Total length, 3^ in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, | in. 144 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 6. ^Steganura cissiura. Spatlmra cissiura, Gould, P. Z. S. (1853), p. 109. — Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 166. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 100 (1861). Steganurus cissiurus, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 66 (note 4). Uralia cissiura, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouoh,, vol. iii, p. 265 (1876). Hah. Peru. Male. "General plumage bronzy-green; wings purplish-brown; four outer tail feathers purplish steel-black ; under surface green, paler on the throat ; thighs thickly plumed and of a reddish-butf. Total length, 4J in. Bill, ^ in. Wing, If in. Tail, 2f in." (Gould, 1. c.) Female. Unknown. This species is easily recognized from having the outermost rectrix webbed for its en-tire length. Two specimens only are known, brought by Warszewicz from Peru. Genus LXXIV.— LODDIGESIA. Loddigesia, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 99 (1861). Lo ddigiornis , Box., Compt. Eend., p. 381 (1850). Mulsantia, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853). Thaumatoe asa, Hein., Journ. fur Ornith. (1863), p. 209. Fig. 82. Type. T. vxirabils, Bourc. T. mirabils, Bourc. T. mirdbilis, Bourc. T. mirabitis, Bourc. ^ZoMigesia mirahilia, ^ . (From Gould.) CA. "Bill straight, longer than the head; wings diminutive; primaries rounded at the tip ; outer tail feathers on each side very much prolonged, and terminating in a large spatule." Range. Peru. LESBIA. 145 Only one species is known, the extraordinary L. mirabills. This species is remarkable for the enormous spatules at the end of the external rectrices. We know very little about it, the type still remains unique, and even the precise locality the species inhabits has never been ascertained. 1. *Loddigesia mirabilis. Trochilus mirahiUs, Bocrc, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 42.— Id., Rev. Zool. (1847), p. 253. Loddigesia mirabilis, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 161.— Id., lutr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 99 (1861).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 252 (1876). Mulsantia mirabilis, Bon., Donsp. Gen. Av., p. 80 (1850), vol. i.— Eeioh., Aufz. der Colib., p. 12 (1853).— Id Troch. Enum., p. 9, pi. 830, fig. 4888 (1855). Loddigiornis mirabilis, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. Thaumatoessa mirabilis, Hein., Journ. fUr Oruitli. (1863), p. 210. Eab. Chachapoyas, Peru. One specimen procured, now in Mr. Loddige's col- lection. Male. " Crown of the head brilliant blue, neck, scapularies, back, wing, and tail coverts golden-green ; on the throat a gorget of very brilliant green, tinged with blue in the centre, and bounded on each side by a narrow band of coppery-red ; sides of the breast and flanks dull white ; the greatly prolonged shaft of the outer feather on each side and the large spatule at its tip violaceous-black ; centre tail feathers shining glaucous-green, passing into brown at their tips; bill and feet black" (Gould, 1. c). Length of bill, 20 mm.; wings, 40 mm. Outer rectrices, about 160 mm. Spatules, 20 mm. Middle rectrices, 60 mm. (Bourc, 1. c). . Female. Unknown. The Genus Lesbia, which succeeds, is composed of various species, possessing lengthened rectrices of nearly even width for their entire length, and having generally a luminous tip. All the species have metallic-green throats, and differ from each other, in size, and the length and coloration of their tails. The females are very differently clothed, having white breasts spangled with green, and com- paratively short tails. Genus LXXV.— LESBIA.' Type. Lesbia, Less., Ind. Gen. et. Syn. des Ois. du Genre Trochilus (1832), p. xvii. 0. nuna, Less. Cynanthus , Bon. (nee Swains., 1827), Consp. Gen. Av., p. 81 (1850). T. amaryllis, Bourc. Agaclyta, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th.. iii, p. 70. T. gouldi, Lodd. Psalidoprymna, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 52 (note). T. amaryllis, Bourc. ^ Lesson instituted this genus, including in it species not closely related, such as L. sappho, L. nuna, and L. kingii. The first of these is the Sappho sparganuka, Auct., and the last (the T. forficatus, Linn.) is the type of Swainson's genus Cynanthus, thus leaving the 0. nuna, Less., as the type of his genus Lesbia, 19 November, 1878. 146 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Fig. 83. Xesbianuna. '$ . Peru. 'WTiitely. CJi. Bill short, straight. Tail very deeply forked, rectrices narrow, outermost ones greatly exceeding the others in length. Feet rather large. Sexes different. Rang£. Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. I recognize four species only belonging to this genus. Key to the species. A. Outermost rectrices on either side black glossed and tipped with green, the rest brownish-black at base, remaining portion metallic-green. 1.. L. gouldi. B. Rectrices black at base, apical half of all but the two outermost metallic- green, the outermost pair all black with luminous green tips. 2. L. nuna. C. Rectrices brownish-black, largely tipped with grass-green, except the outer- most which has a bronze tip. 3. L. eucharis. D. Rectrices black, their tips greenish-bronze. 4. L. amaryllis. 1. Lesbia gouldi. Trochilus gouldi, Lodd., P. Z. S. (1832), p. 7. Ornismya sylphia, Less., Eev. Zool. (1840), p. 73. Trochilus [Lesbia) gracilis, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 86. Mellisuga gouldi. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 51 (1844^49). Mellisuga gracilis. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 53. Cynanthus gracilis, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av. (1850). vol. i, p. 81. Cynanthus gouldi, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 81. — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. Lesbia gouldi, Reich., Aufz. der Colib,, p. 8 (1853). — Id., Troch. Bnum., p. 5, pi. 7L2, figs. 4615-17. Gout.d, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 167.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 101 (1861).— Mui.s., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 293 (1876). Agaclyta gouldi. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (I860) Th., iii, pp. 70, 71 (note). Lesbia gracilis, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853). — Id., Troch. Bnum., pi. 713, figs. 4618-19 (1855). Gould, Mon Troch., vol. iii, pi. 168.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 101 (1861). — Muls., Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 295. Lesbia chlorura, Gould, P. Z. S. (1871), p. 504. Hah. Columbia and Ecuador. Peru. ] Male. Upper parts, breast, upper part of abdomen, and flanks golden-green ; abdomen sometimes mottled with buff; throat metallic grass-green. Lower part of abdomen buff, under tail coverts green margined with buff. Eectrices brownish- black at base, remaining part metallic-green. Outermost one black, with a shinin" green tip, the outer web buff for three-fourths its basal length. Wings purplish- / LESBIA. 147 brown. Bill black. Total length, 5f in. Wing, 2j\ in. Tail, 3| in. Culmen, —6- in 1 6 "^• Female. "Upper surface golden-green. Outer rectrices, much shorter than those of the male, brown, the basal two-thirds of the outer web, shaft, and tip buff. Under surface white speckled with bronzy-green. Bill black. Total length, 4i in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, J^ in. Obs. I have placed the L. gracilis, Gould, as a synonym of the present species, for with ample materials before me to judge, I cannot find any difference sufficient in my opinion to separate them. The rectrices vary in width, and this character is evidently not to be relied upon, any more than is the extent of their green or buff coloring. — I also consider th'e L. eJilorura, Gould, to be the same as this species, an examination of the type having failed to convince me of its claims to a distinct specific rank. 2. Lesbia nuna. Ornismya nuna, Less., Supp. Ois. Mouch., p. 169, pi. 35 ? jnv. % . Ornismya gouldi, D'Orb. and Lapres., Syn. Av., ii, p. 27, sp. 5 (1838). Ornismya nufia-koali, Delattk. and Less., Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 19. Lesbia nuna, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 169. — Id., Intr. 'JVoch., octavo ed., p. 101 (1861). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 291 (1876).— Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 135. Cynanthus bifurcatus, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), p. 81. — Id., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. Lesbia bifurcata, Eeich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5, pi. 716, figs. 4624-25? (1855). Psalidoprymna bifurcata, Cab. and Hein., Mns. Hein. Th., iii, p. 53 (1860) (partim). Hah. Peru. Male. Upper surface, breast, and under parts dark bronzy-green. Throat covered by a. rounded gorget of metallic grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Rectrices black at base, all but the outermost ones with their apical half metallic grass-green; the outermost one black for its entire length with luminous green tips, and the basal half of outer web buffy-white. Under tail coverts green margined with bufi". Thighs white. Bill black. Total length, 7| in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, 5 J in. Culmen, -^-^ in. Female. Upper parts bronzy-green. Under surface white spangled with green, and a few metallic-golden spots on the throat. Under tail coverts buffy-white. Tail colored like that of the male but much shorter, the outer web of outermost feather being buffy-white nearly to the tip. Bill black. Total length, 4J in. Wing, 2 in. Tail, 2f in. Culmen, ^^ in. 3. Lesbia eucharis. Trochilus eucharis, Bourc, Eev. Zool. (1848), p. 274. Lesbia eucharis, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 171. —Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 102 (1861).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 289 (1876). Cynanthus eucharis, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. Hob. Columbia. Male. Entire upper surface, breast, abdomen, and flanks bronzy-green. Throat metallic grass-green. Vent and under tail coverts bufi", the latter with green cen- tres. Wings purplish-brown. Eectrices brownish-black, largely tipped with grass- 148 SYNOPSIS OP THE HUMMING-BIRDS. green, except the outermost one which has a bronze tip. Bill black. Total length, 7f in. Wing, 2^ in. Tail, 5f in. Culmen, ^g in. From Bourcier's type in my collection. Female. Above golden-green ; beneath buff spangled with green. Tail like the male but shorter, and with the outer web of outermost feather grayish-white for three-fourths its length. Though similar to the L. nuna, besides the differences already mentioned, the present is a larger bird, and is I believe a very distinct species. 4. Lesbia amaryllis. Trochilus victorim, Bourc. and Muls., Ann. Soc. Agr., Lyon (1846), torn, ix, p. 312.— Id., Rev. Zool. (1846), p. 315, pi. 4 (discolored specimen). Mdlisuga victorias. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 54.— Beich., Troch. Bnum., pi. 715, figs. 4622-23 (1855). TrocJiihis amaryllis, Bouec, Eev. Zool. (1848), p. 273. — Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. iii ; Supp., App. 30 a, p. 103. Lesbia victorice, Reich., Troch. Enum., p. 5, pi. 714, figs. 4620-21.— Id., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Moucli., torn, iii, p. 286 (1876). Gynanthus amaryllis, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. Cynanihus victorice, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850). vol. i, p. 81. LesUa amaryllis, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853).— Goui.d, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 170.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 101 (1861). Psalidoprymna victorice. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th.. iii, p. 52. Psalidoprymna amaryllis. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 53 (note). Hob. Columbia and Ecuador. Male. Upper surface, breast, and flanks golden-green. Elongated patch on the throat metallic yellowish-green. Lower part of abdomen and under tail coverts deep buff. Tail purplish-black, each feather tipped with greenish-bronze. Bill black. Wings purplish-brown. Total length, 8g in. Wing, 2g in. Tail, 6J in. Culmen, \ in. Female. Upper surface golden-green. On the centre of the throat a small lengthened patch of metallic golden-green. Rest of under gurface white spotted with green. Under tail coverts light buff. Wings purplish-brown. Tail purplish- black, each feather tipped with bronzy-green ; outer web of outermost feather buff to within an inch of the tip. Bill black. Total length, 5| in. Wing, 2j in. Tail, 3J in. Culmen, y^g in. M. Mulsant (1. c.) has called this species L. victorias. As this name was bestowed on a discolored specimen it cannot be continued, although published prior to ama- ryllis, as the description gives an entirely erroneous idea of the species, and would certainly mislead. ZODALIA. 149 Genus LXXVI.— ZODALIA. Type. Zodalia, Mulsant, Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 281 (1876). LesMa ortom, Lawr. Fig. 84. Zodalia glyceria. i (From Gould.) Ch. Bill straight, shorter than the head. Tail long, deeply forked, feathers hroad and even throughout their length. Range. Columbia and Ecuador. Two species only are known. Key to the species. A. Throat metallic pale green. a. Upper parts purple. Median rectrices green, external ones brownish-black. 1. Z. ortoni. b. Upper parts shining green. Rectrices reddish-purple. 2. Z. glyceric. I have adopted the term Zodalia for these birds, as proposed by M. Mulsant, for in many ways they appear to differ from the species of all other allied genera. They are rather large in size, with short feeble bills, rectrices broad for their length, and a general style of coloration that, were it not for their metallic throats, would be suggestive of the female sex. The types of the two known species are unique. 1. "^Zodalia ortoni. Leshia ortoni, Lawk., Ann, N. Y. Lye. Nat. Hist. (1869), vol. ix, p. 269. Zodalia ortoni, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 282. Hah. Quito, Ecuador. Male. " Entire upper plumage and wing coverts of a rich glossy purple ; the con- cealed bases of the feathers are green ; upper tail coverts similar in color to the back, but marked centrally between the purple and green with crimson; the tail 150 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. feathers are brownish-black, except the two central which are green ; the ends of the eight middle tail feathers are largely marked with a deep vinous bronzy-crimson, most in extent on the short central feathers ; the long outer feather on each side ends with obscure bronzy-green ; the outer edge of the lateral feather is buff for three-quarters its length from the base — this color occupying only about one-third the width of the web; the under surface of the tail is steel-blue, bronzy at the ends of the feathers; the shafts of the two long lateral feathers are whitish at base for about half their length ; wings brownish-purple ; the throat gorget is of a brilliant . metallic pale green ; the sides of the neck, breast, upper part of abdomen, and sides are a shining green; lower part of abdomen ashy-buff. Bill and feet black. Length, 5f in. Wing, 2j in. Tail, lateral feathers, 3j^g in., short central ones iJg in. Bill, I in." (Lawr., 1. c.) Female. Unknown. 2. ^Zodalia glyceria. Leshia glyceria, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 252. Cometes mossai, Gould, Athen. (18.')3). — Id., Rep. Brit. Ass. (185,S). p. 68. Cometes! glyceria, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 176. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 104 (1861). Sparganura mossai, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Tb., iii, p. 52 (note). Sparganura glyceria, Solat. and Salv., Noniencl., p. 86 (1873). Hab. Columbia. Male. "Head, back of neck, wing coverts, back, and tail coverts deep shining- green ; wings purplish-brown ; chin and throat metallic light olive-green ; sides of neck and under surface buff with a spot of deep shining green on the tip of each feather ; tail dark reddish-purple, passing into deep bluish-green at the tip except on the outer feathers, where the hue is so faint as to be scarcely perceptible ; the outer feathers also have the basal three-fourths of the shaft and the outer webs buffy-white, the base of the shaft paler than the web ; basal three-fourths of the shaft of the next feather also buffy-white ; under tail coverts buff, with a brown mark in the centre near the tip." (Gould, Mon. Troch.) — Total length, 6 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 3| in. Culm en, | in. Fe7nale. Unknown. Genus LXXVII.*— CYNANTHUS. Type. Cynanthus , Swaiks., Classif. Birds, vol. ii, p. 330 (1837) (nee 1827). T.forficatus, Linn. Leshia, Cab. and Hein. (nee Less., 1832), Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 71 (1860). T. mocoa, Delalt. and Bourc. ^ This genus was first established by Swainson in 1821, Zool. Journ., p. 35*7, and contained species belonging to various genera, all of which he called types. In 183*7 (1. c), he ejected the species from Cynanthus, which he had previously placed in it, and inserted T. forficatus, Linn., only, which now stands as the type of the genus. CYNANTHUS. Fig. 85. 151 eSfmanflltw/orjJoaftw. JUus. G.N.Lawrence, Avocettinus ewypterm. ^^ , (From Gould.) ■ Ch. Bill shorter than the head ; gonys ascending rapidly at their apical termina- tion. Culmen straight until just at the tip, when it turns slightly upwards. Bill broad at its base, narrowing rapidly to a point at the tip. Wings moderate. Tail very slightly forked when closed. Feet strong, hind toe and nail as long as, if not slightly longer than, middle toe and nail. Range. Columbia. But one species of this singular genus is known, a plainly colored bird, chiefly remarkable for having the bill turned upwards at the tip. This genus appears to have been first established by Bon. with the Avocettula recurvirostris as type, Consp. Av., p. 75, and the type afterwards changed by him to the T. eurypterus (1. c). 1. Avocettinus eurypterus. Trochilus eurypterus, Lodd., P. Z. S. (1832), p. 7. Trochilus georgince, Bourc, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 48. Polytmus eurypterus, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 109. Polytmus georgince. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 109 (1844-49). Avocettula eurypterus, Ebioh., Aufz. der Golib., p. 6 (1853).— Id., Trocli. Bnum. (1855), p. 3, pi. 679, figs. 4485-86. Avocettula georgince, Eeioh., Aufz. der Colib., p. 6 (1853). Delattria georgina, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256. Avocettinus eurypterus, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 264.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 114 (1861).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 264 (1876). Opisthoprora eurypterus, Oabl and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 76 (note). Bab. Columbia. Adult. Head bronze ; rest of upper surface bronze-green, darkest on the rump and upper tail coveits. Wings purplish-brown. Sides of neck and flanks bronzy- green. Throat and breast grayish-white, each feather tipped with green. Lower 21 December, 1878. 162 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. part of abdomen and under tail coverts rufous. Median rectrices bronze-green, lateral ones purplish-black with a green gloss, the outermost ones tipped with bufiy- white. Bill black, feet brown. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2^-^ in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. Apparently there is no difference between the sexes in the color of their plumage. Genus LXXXTIL— AVOCETTULA. Avocettula, Eeioh., Syst. Av. Nat, pi. 39 (1849). Av ocetttnus , Bon., Consp. Gen. A v., vol. i, p. 75 (1850, neo 1854). Streblorhamphus, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 76 (1860). Type. T. recurvirostris, Swains. Jh. Bill longer than the head, turned ^'ff- 91- up at the point. Nostrils exposed. Wings long and pointed. Tail slightly rounded. Tarsi partly clothed. Range. Guiana. With a bill similar in structure to that of the species in the preceding genus, the single member of the present one possesses also fiery metallic tail feathers, very similar to those of the species contained in the genus immediately succeeding. It seemed, therefore, that here was the proper place for it to occupy. The single species is rather small, of a not ungraceful form, and brilliant plumage. Avocettula rccurvirostra. 3. Guiana. Parzudati, 1. Avocettula recurvirostris. Trockilus recurvirostris, Swains., Zool. 111., vol. ii, pi. 105. — .Jaed., Nat. Libr. Humming-Birds, vol. i, p. 80, pi. 3. Mellisuga recurvirostris, Steph., Cont. Shaw. Gen. Zool., vol. xiv, p. 248. Ornismya recurvirostris. Less., Ois. Moucli. (1829), p. xxxvi, and Supp., p. 166, pi. 34. Ornismya avoceita, Less., Supp. Ois. Mouch., p. 145, pi. 24 (1831). — Id., Trochil., p. 74, pi. 23 (1831). — Jard., Nat. Libr. Humming-birds, vol. i, p. 78, pi. 2. Campylopterus recurvirostris. Swains., Class. B., vol. ii, p. 330 (1836). Hylocliaris avocetta, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 114, sp. 12. Hylocharis recurvirostris, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 114, sp. 11. Avocettinus recurvirostris, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75 (1850). Avocettinus lessoni, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75, juv. (1850). Avocettula recurvirostris, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 6 (1853). — Id., Trochil. Enum. (1855), p. 3, pi. 679, figs. 4487-89.— Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 256.— Godld, Mon., Troch., vol. iii, pi. 201.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 114 (1861).— M01.S., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 262 (1876). Streblorhamphus recurvirostris. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 76 (1860). Hab. Guiana. Male. Upper surface, abdomen, and under tail coverts bronze-green. Throat and breast luminous emerald-green. On the centre of the abdomen is a narrow black stripe. Wings blackish-purple. Median rectrices bronze-green ; lateral ones above coppery-brown, margined on the outer webs with green, beneath metallic fiery copper-red. Bill black, feet brownish. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 3jS_ in. Tail, Ij^g in. Culmen, f in. METALLURA. 163 Female? or young. Upper surface and flanks bronze-green. Throat and abdomen white, with a black stripe running the entire length of both. Under tail coverts green. Tail above, dark purple glossed with green and the lateral feathers tipped with white; beneath, the lateral feathers are fiery-bronze for three-fourths their length, succeeded by a purplish-black bar glossed with green, and the tips white. Size same as that of the male. Immature male.. Resembles the above, but has the centre of the throat luminous emerald-green bordered with white. Typk. T. opaca, Licht. T. tyriantliina, Lodd. T. eupogon, Cab. T. eupogon, Cab. Piff. 92. Genus LXXXIV.— METALLURA. Metallura, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 94. Urolampra, Cab. and Hein., Mns. Hein. Th., iii, p, 68 (1860). Lavania, Muls., Catal. Ois. Mouch. (1875), p. 24. Lavinia, Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 106 (1877). Ch. Bill straight, moderately long. Tail ample, rounded when spread. Tarsi bare ; feet large ; hind toe and nail longer than middle toe and nail. Sexes unlike. Range. Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Nine species are now known, of a com- paratively large size, with brilliant throats, and luminous rectrices. These last are of various colors, and in some of the species are extremely brilliant. Contrary to the general law in this Family, the tails of the females are as luminous as those of the males, but the rest of their plumage is different and much more subdued in its coloration. Metallura tyrianOdna, d* 25740. Quito. Key to the species. A. Throat bluish-green ; general plumage blackish-purple. a. Tail luminous copper-color. b. Tail luminous vinous-purple. c. Tail luminous purple, crissum white I B. Centre of throat metallic-red. C. Throat metallic-green. a. Tail metallic-bronze, changing to blue above, luminous bronze- green beneath. b. Tail purplish-blue above, shining grass-green beneath, e. Tail purplish-green above, beneath deep violet. d. Tail purple-bronze. e. Tail deep violet with blue reflections. 1. M. opaca. 2. M. jelski. 3. M. chloropogon. 4. M. eupogon. 5. M. seneicauda. 6. M. primolma. 7. M. willianii. 8. M. tyrianihina. 9. M. smaragdinicollis. 1. Metallura opaca. Trochilus {Lampornis) opacus, "Licht.," Tsch., Consp., p. 38.— Id., Faun. Per., p. 248 (1844). Troehilus ( ?) cupretcauda, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 87. Mellisuga cnpreicauda. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 11.3, sp. 43. 164 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Metallura ciipreicauda, GovhTi, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 94. — Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 191. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. Ill (1861). — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75 (1850). — Reich., Troch. Bnum., p. 5, pi. 721, figs. 4638-39.— Id., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 110 (1876). AgleacUs cupreicauda, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253. Metallura opaca, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 69. Hab. Peru and Bolivia. Male. General plumage lustrous dark purplish-brown. A metallic bluish-green spot on the throat, across the vent a buff line. Tail fiery reddish-bronze. Bill black, feet brown. Total length, 4^ in. Wing, 3f in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, f in. The female is not certainly known. 2. Metallura jelski. Metallura jelshi, Cab., Journ. fur Ornith. (1874), p. 99. — Mtjls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 109. Metallura cupreicauda, Taozan., P. Z. S. (1874), p. 544. Hah. Peru (Jelski). Male. General plumage purplish-black. A bluish-green metallic spot on the lower part of the throat. Wings purplish-brown. A white band crosses the vent. Under tail coverts purplish-black margined narrowly with rufous. Tail luminous vinous-purple. Bill and feet black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2J in. Culmen, ^ in. From a typical example. I have specimens of the M. opaca from Peru and Bolivia. The present species, which is very distinct, has as yet only been found in Peru at Maragnoc by M. Jelski. 3. ^Metallura chloropogon. Urolampra chloropogon, Cab. and Rein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 68. Hab. 1. Mas. Purpureo-fuscescens nitore quodam metallico virescenti, vertice humeris uropygioque valde, imprimis autem macula gulari splendidissime virescente-fulgen- tibus; alis purpureo-fuscis, rectricibus latissimis pulchre purpureo-resplendentibus; crisso albido, tectricibus caudse inferioribus virescenti-nitentibus margine lutescenti. Fern, (an mas. juv.). Subtus brunnescenti-ochracea gula lateribusque maculis, parvis fuscis virescentibusque guttatis, rectricibus splendide pupurascentibus, tribus externis apice pallide albescentibus. Long, tot., 3" 6'"; al., 2" ; caud., 1" 6'"; rostr. culm., 5'". — (Cab., 1. c.) I do not know this bird. 4. Metallura eupogon. Metallura eupogon, Cab., Journ. fur Ornith. (1874), p. 97. Metallura hedvigce, Taczan., P. Z. S. (1874), p. 544, pi. xxi, fig. 2.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii p. 107 (1876). Hab. Peru (Jelski). Male. General plumage bronzy-green. Line down the centre of the throat metallic fiery-red. Tuft of white feathers below the thighs. Wings purple- METALLTRA. 165 brown. Tail bronze above with blue reflections; beneath luminous grass-green. Bill and feet black. Total length, 3f in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, I in. From typical example in my collection. Female. Unknown. 5. Metallura aeneicauda. Trocliilvs ( ?) ceneicauda, Gould, P. Z. S. (1846), p. 87. Mellisuga ceneicauda, Grat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 113, sp. 44. Metallura ceneicauda, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75 (1850).— Gould, Mon. Trooh., vol. iii, pi. 192. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. Ill (1861).— Reich., Troch. Bnum., p. 5, pi. 720, figs. 4634-36.— Id., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 8 (1853).— Muls., Hist. Nat.. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. .— Whuely, P. Z. S. (1873), p. 191. Aglaeactis ceneicauda, Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253. Urolampra ceneicauda, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. (1860) Th., iii, p. 68. Hah. Peru and Bolivia. Male. Upper surface bronzy-green. Throat luminous metallic-green. Under surface bronzy-green on the flanks, centre of breast and abdomen mingled green and brown. Under tail coverts pale bronze-green margined with rufous. Wings purple-brown. Tail, metallic-bronze above changing to blue in certain lights, beneath luminous green. White spot behind the eye. Bill and feet black. Length, 4| in. Wing, 2 jSg. in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. Female. Differs in having the under surface brown, each feather tipped with bronzy-green. Centre of abdomen buff. Tail colored like the male, but the lateral feathers are tipped with buff. Bill' and feet black. 6. Metallura primolina. Metallura primolina, Bouec, Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1853), p. 295.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 113. Metallura primolinus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 194. — Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253. Metallura primolina, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1855).— Id., Trooh. Bnum., p. 5 (1855). Urolampra primolina, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 68 (note 5). Metallura primolii, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 112 (1861). Hah. Ecuador. Vicinity of Laguano, on the banks of the Napo. Female?. Upper surface bronzy-green. Under surface has the base of the feathers rufous-white, darkest on the throat and abdomen, tips bronzy-green. Wings purplish-brown. Tail luminous bronzy-green changing to purple in certain lights, on the upper surface ; and metallic luminous grass-green on the under sur- face ; the three outermost feathers tipped with brownish-gray. Bill and feet black. Total length, S^g in. Wing, 2^\- in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, J^ in. From Bour- ceir's specimen in my collection. 7. Metallura williami. Trochilus williami, Bouec. and Delattee, Rev. Zool. (1846), p. 308. Mellisuga williami, Geat, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 38. Metallura williami, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av. (1850), vol. i, p. 75.— Reich., Troch. Bnum., p. 5 (1855).— Id., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 8 (1853).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 193. —Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 112 (1861).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 114 (1876). Urolampra williami. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 68 (note 6). ffah. Columbia. 166 SYNOPSIS OP THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Male. Upper surface dark bronzy-green. Throat and upper part of breast lumi- nous grass-green. Under surface bronzy-green, the base of the feathers buff. "W ings purplish-brown. Tail dark green above, with bright purple reflections in certain lights ; beneath luminous violet, wi,th green reflections. Bill and feet black. Total length, 3f in. Wing, 2j in. Tail, If in. Culmen, | in. (From type in my col- lection.) Female. Like the male, but the under surface is mottled with green and bu"" 8. Metallura tyrianthina. Trochihts tyrianthinus, Lodd., Proc. Zool. Soc. (1832), p. 6. Ornismya allardi, BouRC, Eev. Zool. (1839), p. 294.— Id., Ann. Soc. d'Agi-., Lyon (1840), p. 226, pis. 3 and 4. Ornismya pauUnce, Boiss., Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 354.— Id., Mag. Zool. (1840), pi. 13. MelHsuga tyrianthina, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 36. Trochilus allardi, Jard., Contr. Ornith. (1850), pp. 81-89, and 151, pi. 55. Metallura tyrianthina, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75 (1850). — Reich., 'I'roch. Enum., p. 5, pi. 719, figs. 4630-31.— Id.. Aufz. der Colib., p. 8 (1853).— Box., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854). p. 253.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 195.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 112 (1861).— Mui.s., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn. iii, p. 117 (1876). Urolampra tyrianthina. Cab. and Hein., Mas. Hein. Th., iii, p. 68 (1860). Metallura quitensis, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 112 (1861). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 115 (1876). Hah. Venezeula, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. Male. Upper surface dark bronze-green. A, small white spot behind the eye. Throat luminous grass-green. Under surface bronze-green, the base of the feathers buff, which, showing in various parts, gives a mottled appearance to the plumage. Under tail coverts bronzy-green margined with reddish-buff. Wings purplish-brown. Tail brilliant metallic purple-bronze. Bill and feet black. A tuft of white feathers on each side of the vent. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 2;^ in. Tail 1| in. Cul- men, y^g in. Young male. Like the male, but with the exception, that the throat and under parts are buff- or grayish-white, the feathers tipped with green. No luminous spot on the throat. Female. Upper parts bronzy-green. Entire under parts rufous, lightest on the abdomen, spotted with green on the throat, and mottled with green on the flanks. Tail bronzy-purple, lighter than the males. In size she is slightly smaller than the male. The Ecuador bird separated by Mr. Gould as M. quitensis (1. c.) does not always possess a greater size to distinguish it, as I have some from Columbia quite equal to it in measurements. I do not consider it a distinct species, and have placed Mr. Gould's term among the synonyms of the M. tyrianthina. 9. Metallura smaragdinicollis. Orthorhynchus smaragdinicollis, D'Orb. and Lafees., Syn. Av., ii, p. 31, no. 23 (1838). — D'Orb., Voy. Amer. M6rid., torn, iv, p. 375, Atl. Ois., pi. 59, fig. 2. Mellisuga smaragdinicollis. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 112, sp. 42. CHRYSURONIA. 167 Mdallara smaragdinicollis, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75 (1850).— Reich , Troch. Bnum., p. 5, pi. 719, fig. 4632.— Id., Aufz. der Colib.. p. 8 (1853).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iii, pi. 196.— Id., Intr. 'J'rooh., octavo ed., p. 112 (1861).— Whitely, P. Z. S. (1873), p. 191. — Taczan., p. Z. S. (1874), p. 544.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Uis. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 120 (1876).— Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 141. tfrolampra smaragdinicollis, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 68 (note 4) (1860). Hah. Peru, Bolivia. Male. Upper and under surface bronzy-green. Throat luminous dark grass-green. Wings purplish-brown. Tail above dark violet, with green reflections on the edges and tips of the feathers; beneath reddish-violet. Bill and feet black. Length, 3f in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, | in. Yoimg male has the throat bronzy-green like the rest of the under parts. Female. Above bronzy-green. Beneath deep buff", glossed with green on the flanks and spotted with bronzy-green on the throat, breast, and abdomen. Tail purple-violet, lateral feathers tipped with grayish-white. The next genus, Chrysueonia, has generally been placed far from its present position, among such genera as Amazilia and Eucephala. I do not perceive that it has any especial relationship with these; but its diff'erent species, in the shape and brilliant coloration of their tails, seem to possess an affinity to the members of Metallura, and properly belong to the small section of these birds with rounded luminous rectrices. The species vary greatly from each other in their style of coloration, and while certain ones "have the head and breast highly metallic and luminous, others have the throat and under surface possessed of very little brilliancy. — The sexes differ in their plumage, but, like those of the species of Metallura, the females also have luminous tails. Genus LXXXV.— CHRYSURONIA. Chry suronia, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75 (1850). Chrysurus, Bon., Compt. Rend., p. 382 (1850). Chrysurisca, Gab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 42 (1860). G7i. Bill a little longer than the head, slightly curved, broad at base and rather flat, graduating rapidly to a sharp point. Feathers of the forehead not advancing on to the culmen, nostrils exposed. Wings long, nar- row. Tail very slightly rounded when spread. Feet rather large. Tarsi clothed. Plumage of sexes different. Range. Central America, Columbia and Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Brazil, and Argentine Republic. Five species are known. Type. 0. oenone, Less. 0. wnone, Less. 0. cenone, Less. Fig. 93. Cliryauronia (snone. cT . JEcuador. lucklay. 168 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Key to the species. A. Top of head and throat blue; tail bronze-green. 1. G. humholdti. B. Entire head and throat blue, tail fiery golden-bronze. 2. G. senone. C. Crown of head and chin blue, tail golden-bronze. 3. G. josephinse. D. Crown green, thi'oat lazuline-blue, tail shining green-bronze. 4. G. eliciae. E. Head golden inclining to brown, throat buif. Tail metallic-golden. 5. G. chrysura. 1. Chrysuronia humboldti. Trochilus humholdti, Bodro. and Mdls., Ann. Sci. Phys., Lyon (1852), p. 142. Chrysuronia humboldti, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1853).— Id., Troch. Bnum., p. 5 (1855).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. V, pi. 327.— Id., Intr. Trocli., octavo ed., p. 165 (1861).— Bon., Eev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 254. Chrysurisca humboldti. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 42 (note 4) (1860). Thaumatias viridicaudus. Lawk., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. (1866), p. 403, J. Hab. Ecuador. Male. Top of head and throat dark purple-blue. Upper surface golden-green, bronzy on the rump. Wings purplish-brown. Under surface shining light bronzy- green with a white streak in the centre of the abdomen. Tail dark bronzy-green, with a bluish shade on the central feathers. Under tail coverts white. Bill flesh- colour, or red], tip black. Feet brown. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, f in. (Type in my collection.) Female. Upper parts coppery-bronze. Under surface dull white, breast spangled with green. Central tail feathers dark green, lateral ones bronzy-green, graduating into dark brown and tipped with white. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, f in. (Type in my collection.) 2. Chrysuronia senone. Ornismya cenone, Less., Ois. Mouch. Supp., p. 157, pi. 30. — Dblatt. and Less., Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 17. Polytmus cenone. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 109, sp. 80. Chrysuronia cenone, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 254. — Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 9 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5, t. 722, figs. 4642-43 (.1855).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. v, pi. 325. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 164 (1861). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn. ii, p. 7 (1875). Chrysurisca aenone, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 42 (1860). Hab. Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador. Male. Head and throat deep shining blue. Upper parts grass-green. Under parts luminous yellowish-green. Wings purplish-brown. Upper and under tail coverts, and tail fiery golden-bronze. Maxilla black. Mandible flesh-color, tip black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, 2^ in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, | in. Female. Upper surface golden-green. Under surface white, spangled with green. Vent white. Rest like the male. Dimensions the same. There is a slight difference in the length of bill observable between Columbian and" Ecuadorian examples, and the heads of the latter are a greenish-blue ; but I believe there is only one specdes. CHRYSURONIA. 169 3. Chrysuronia josephinae. Ornismya neera. Less, and Delatt., Rev. Zool. (1839), p. 18, desc. null. Ornismya josephince, Bourc. and Muls., Rev. Zool. (1848), p. 272. Trochilus josephince, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. iii; Supp., app. iOa. Chrysuronia josephmce, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1855).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5 (1855).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 254.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. v, pi. 326.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 164 (1861).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 10 (1875). Chrysurisca josephince, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 42 (note 3) (1860). Chrysuronia neera, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 165 (1861). Chrysuronia cceruleicapilla, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 165 (1861). Hab. Brazil, upper Amazon. Male. Crown of the head and chin deep blue. Upper parts golden-green. Under parts luminous grass-green. Upper tail coverts and tail golden-bronze, the upper coverts more coppery than the tail. Under tail coverts golden-bronze fringed with gray. Wings purplish-brown. 'Maxilla black, mandible flesh-color, tip black; feet black. Total length, 4 in. Wing, li| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, if in. Female. Upper parts bronzy-green. Under parts white, washed with green on the flanks. Rest like the male, but the tail not .so brilliant. Dimensions the same. 4. Chrysuronia eliciae. Trochilus elicice, Bouec. and Muls., Ann. Soc. Agr., Lyon (1846), t. is, p. 314. — Id., Rev. Zool. (1846), p. 316. Polytmus elicice. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 109, sp. 82. Chrysuronia elicice, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 254.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5, pi. 722, figs. 4644-45.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. V, pi. 328. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 165 (1861). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn. ii, p. 13 (1875). Chrysurisca elicice, Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, pp. 42, 92 (1860). Hah. Central America. Guatemala to Chiriqui. Male. Upper surface and flanks dark green. Throat lazuline-blue. Abdomen buflf washed with green; under tail coverts fawn. Upper tail coverts coppery- bronze. Wings purplish-brown. Tail metallic greenish-bronze, in some specimens golden-bronze. Bill flesh-color, tip black. Feet black. Total length, 3^ in. Wing, 1| in. Tail, IJ in. Culmen, | in. Female very similar to the male, but less brilliant, and with but an indication of the blue on the throat. 5. Chrysuronia chrysura. Ornismya chrysura, Less., Ois. Mouch. Supp., p. 107, pk 4 (1831). Ornismya ruficollis, D'Orb. and Lafres., Syn. Av., ii, p. 30, sp. 22 (1838). Polytmus chrysurus. Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 100, sp. 81. Chrysuronia chrysura, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 75 (1850).— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 254.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 9 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 5, pi. 721, figs. 4640-41 (1855).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. v, pi. 329.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 165 (1861).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 4 (1875).— Elliot, Ibis (1877), p. 140. Rhamphodon chrysurus, Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 15 ?.— Id., Troch. Enum., p. 12 ? (1855). Chrysurisca chrysura. Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 42 (note 5) (1860). Eab. Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentine Eepublic. 22 December, 1878. no SYNOPSIS or THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Male. Upper surface golden-bronze, most brilliant upon the tail ; and inclining to brown upon the head. Throat buff. Breast and flanks golden-brown. Middle of abdomen buff. Under tail coverts golden with gray edges. Bill flesh-color, tips black. Feet black. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1^ in. Culmen, f in. Some specimeias have the two outermost rectrices tipped with gray. These may possibly be females ; and occasionally the rectrices of the males are reddish-bronze very brilliant, instead of golden-bronze. Next to Chrtsuronia I place Augastes, containing species Avith highly luminous tails, and a bill similar in shape to the preceding species, yet inclining towards the point to the attenuated form so characteristic of the wedge-like bills of Schistes and Heliothrix. One of the species is a rather large bird, of most beautiful and luminous plumage, and both are distinguished for the metallic color exhibited on their heads and throats. Genus LXXXVI.— AUGASTES. Type. Augastes , Gohld, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., pri23 (1861), desc.Mon.Troch.,pt.ii (1850). T. superbus, Vieill. Lamprurus , Eeich., Aufz. der Colib. (1853), p. 12. 0. lumachella, Less. Fig. 94. Ch. Bill straight, longer than the head, attenuated slightly at the tip ; frontal feathers not advancing upoE the culmen. Wings long ; tail moderately long and square ; tarsi clothed ; feet small, hind toe diminutive. Range, Brazil. Angastes lumaclicUua. S . Uiiias Gaeras Brazil. "Verreaux. ' Key to the species. A. Poreliead and throat golden-green, the latter ending in reddish-orange. Tail metallic bronze-red. 1. A. lumacJiellus. B. Forehead and throat emerald-green. Tail shining green with a bluish-gloss. 2. A. superbus. 1. Augastes lumachellus. Ornismya lumachella, Less., Rev. Zool. (1838), p. 315, juv. Trochilus Ivmachellus, Bonne, Rev. Zool. (1846), p. 313. Hylocharis lumachellus, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 114, sp. 30. Augastes lumachellus, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 84 (1850). — Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253. Gould Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 222.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 123. — Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th ' iii, p. 46 (I860).— MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 147. ' ' '' PHLOGOPHILUS. 171 Lamprurus lumachellus, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib. (1853), p. 12. Rhamphomicron (Lamprurus) lumachellus, Reich., Troch. Ennm., p. 10 (1855). Hah. Brazil, Bahia. Male. Forehead, face, and throat luminous golden-green, bounded beneath by a narrow line of greenish-blue, below which is a tuft of metallic reddish-orange. Top of the head, ear coverts, and a narrow line on side of the throat velvety-black. On either side of the reddish-tuft on breast is a narrow white bar. Eest of plumage of body shining bronze-green. Wings purplish-bronze. Tail metallic bronze-red. Total length, 4^ in. Wing, 2^ in. Tail, If in. Culmen, f in. Female or young. Differs in having the top of the head green ; throat less lumi- nous, and the tail a coppery-bronze, with the outer web of external rectrices grayish- white near the tip. 2. Augastes superbus. Trochilus superbus, Vieill., Ency. M6th., torn, ii, p. 561. Trochilus scutatus, Natt., Temm. Plan. Col., no. 299, fig. 3. Ornismya naterreri, Less., Ois. Monch., p. 75, pi. 16 (1829). Hylocharis superba, Gkay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 114, sp. 29. Augastes scutatus, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 221. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 123 (1861). Augastes superbus, Bon., Cousp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 84 (1850). — Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 13 (1853). — Id., Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 253.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 45 (1860). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 150. Hab. Brazil. Male. Forehead, face, and throat glittering emerald-green, these feathers forming a point on the chest. Band across the crown and ear coverts black. A white spot behind the eye. Upper surface bronzy-green. Wings purplish-brown. Under parts indigo-blue, with a crescentic buffy-white mark on the upper part of chest broadest beneath the green throat mark. Tail metallic-green, with a bluish gloss. Under tail coverts whitewashed with green. Bill and feet black. Length, 3g in. Wing, 2 in. Tail, If in. Culmen, -|i in. Female differs in having the crescent mark white instead of buff, the abdomen green instead of blue, under tail coverts pure white, and the outer rectrices tipped with white. Genus LXXXVII.— PHLOGOPHILUS. Type. Phlogophilus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1860), p. 310. P- hemtleucurus, Gould. Ch. " Bill straight ; wings ample and rather rounded, Fig- ^^■ tarsi long and bare ; tail rather large and rounded ; hind toe and nail shorter than middle toe and nail." (Gould, loc. cit.) Range. Ecuador. One species is attributed to this genus, which if it is adult would seem to belong to the female sex, but if a male is certainly immature. '^"''"■SS'Q.IS^tn^'o.'^"''"' 172 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. 1. Fhlogophilus hemileucurus. Phlogophilus hemileucurus, Gould, P. Z. S. {I860), p. 310.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. v, pi. 360.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 181 (1861). Elvira hemileucurus, Mdls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, i, p. 264. Hah. Ecuador. Female? or young?. Upper surface and flanks grass-green. Throat white, feathers tipped with green. Chest, centre of the abdomen, and under tail coverts white. Median rectrices bronze-green; lateral feathers white, with a band of purplish-black in the centre; this band most extensive on the outer feathers and becoming nar- rower as it goes towards the median ones, where on those next the central pair it is merely a subterminal bar. Bill black. Feet and tarsi yellow. Total length, 3g in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 1| in. Culmen, ^ in. All the specimens known of this bird are apparently in the plumage of the female or young. Mr. Gould has made it the type of a new genus, and thinks it is proba- bly allied to Adelomyia. It seems to me, however, its proper place is between Schisies and Augasies, and it would not at all surprise me if it should eventually prove to be the female of one of the species of the latter genus. It is so closely allied to Augastes, that I cannot perceive it possesses any generic characters to separate it (unless it may be the bare tarsus) ; but for the present I leave it in the genus in which Mr. Gould placed it. Genus LXXXVIII.— SCHISTES. Type. Schist es , Gould, Mon. Troch., pt. vi (1853), and Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 122 (1861). T. geoffroyi, Bourc. Ch. " Bill longer than the head, straight, Kg- 96. wedge-shaped at the tip. Wings moderately long and slightly rounded ; tail rounded, the feathers broad ; tarsi partially clothed; feet small ; hind toe and nail shorter than middle toe and nail." (Gould, loc. cit.) s.i.uu, g«>ffroyi. s. cowiia. mM,. Range. Columbia and Ecuador. Two species are known, allied to Augastes in the shape of their bills ; but of small size, and tails not quite so luminous. Key to the species. A. Forehead and crown bronzy-green, a faint line of luminous green on the first; throat luminous green ; on either side of the breast a tuft of lilac-blue. Tail bronze-green, with a subterminal chalybeate bar. 1. g. neoffroyi. B. Forehead, face, and throat glittering pale metallic-green. Tuft of violet-blue feathers on either side of breast. Tail bronze-green with a bluish lustre. 2. S. personatus. SCHISTES. 173 1. Schistes personatus. Schistes alhogularis, Gould, Jard. Contr. Ornith. (1851), p. 140, juv.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 220, juv.— Cab. and Hbin., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 27 (note) (1860). Schistes alUgularis, Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 13 (1853).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251.— Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 123, juv. (1861). Schistes personatus, Gould, P. Z. S. (1860), p. 311.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 219.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 122 (1861).— MuLS., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 153 (1876). Schistes geoffroyi, Solat., P. Z. S. (1860), p. 70. Hah. Ecuador. Male. Forehead, face, and throat glittering pale green, behind which is a patch of black. Upper surface bronzy-green. On each side of breast a tuft of violet-blue feathers. Across the upper part of breast is a crescen tic-white bar. Abdomen and flanks dark green. Tuft of white behind the thighs. Tail bronze-green with a blue shade. Bill and feet black. Length, 3| in. Wing, 2 in. Tail, If in. Cul- men, § in. Young, possibly female. Differs in having the throat white, and the violet-blue tufts almost obsolete. Mr. Gould in his descriptions gives the tail as crossed near the tip by a chalybeate band. There is no indication of this band in my specimens, the rectrices being a uniform bronzy-green with a slight bluish shade in one example. If, as I believe is the case, the S. alhogularis proves to be the young of per- sonatus, the latter name will have to sink into a synonym, having been proposed nine years after alhogularis. 2. Schistes geoffroyi. Trochilus geoffroyi, Bouec. and Muls., Ann. Soc. d'Agr., Lyon (1843), t. vi, p. 37, pi. 3. — Id., Rev. Zool. - (1843), p. 101. Petasophora? geoffroyi, Gould, P. Z. S. (1847), p. 9. Polytmus geoffroyi, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 108, sp, 31. Colihri geoffroyi, Bon., Oonsp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 69 (1850). Petasophora geoffroyi, Reich., Troch. Bnum., p. 11 (1853). Schistes geoffroyi, Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 218. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 122 (1861). — Reich., Aufz. der Oolib., p. 13 (1853).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 27 (I860).— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, iii, p. 155 (1860). Hah. Ecuador. Male. Crown, upper part of back and wing coverts bronze-green, A faint lumi- nous green line on the forehead. Lower part of back and rump rufous. Wings purplish-brpnze. A white spot behind the eye. Throat luminous green. Ear coverts dark brown. On each side of breast a tuft of lilac-blue feathers. Under surface dark green. White tuft behind the thighs. Under tail coverts green edged with gray. Eectrices bronze-green ; lateral ones with a subterminal chalybeate bar and tipped with white. Bill black, feet brown. Total length, 3| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, If in. Culmen, | in. Young?. Differs in having the throat buffy-white, this color extending also on each side of the upper part of breast. Middle of abdomen also whitish. Mantle green ; rest of upper parts bronze. Best of plumage like the male, though the under parts not above mentioned are a paler green than the male. This plumage 174 SYNOPSIS OP THE HUMMING-BIRDS. may possibly be that of the female ; though I have not seen an authenticated spe- cimen of that sex. The members of the next genus, Heliothrix, are rather large in size, of a most graceful form, distinguished by their singular wedge-shaped bills, pleasing plumage of green and white, and the metallic-blue tufts on the sides of the neck. There is very little difference in the plumage of the sexes, and when it does exist, consists of the absence of metallic coloring upon, the throat of the female. The rectrices of this sex are always much longer than those of the males. Genus LXXXIX.— HELIOTHRIX. Heliothrix, Boie, Isis (1831), p. .547. Heliothry s , Gray, List Gen. Birds, p. 14 (1840). Type. T. auritus, Gmel. T. auritus, Gmel. Pig. 97. Ch. Bill longer than the head, the culmen descending, and the gonys ascending to the tip. Maxilla broad at base, narrowing rapidly towards the middle, the apical half greatly compressed laterally. Tip slender and sharply pointed, nostrils exposed. Wings long, narrow, and pointed. Tail long (longest in the female), much rounded, outermost rectrices two-thirds the length of median ones, upper tail coverts reaching two-thirds the length of the tail. Tarsi clothed to the toes. Sexes similar in color. Bange. Central America, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Guiana, and Brazil. Three species are known. Key to the species. A. Head metallic-green. a. Throat white. 1. H. aurita. b. Throat metallic-green. 2. H. auriculatus. B. Head metallic-purple, throat white. 3. H. harroti. ITelitjilirix aurilun, S . N. Brazil. "Whitely. 1. Heliothrix auritus. Trochilus auritus, Gmel., Syst. Nat. (1788), vol. i. p. 493, sp. 47.— Lath., Ind. Ornith. (1790), torn, i, p. 311.- WiED., Beitr., vol. iv, p. 104. — Cab., Schomb. Reis. Guian., vol. iii, p. 707. Trochilus leucocrotophus, Vibill., Nouv. Diet. (1817), vol. vii, p. 374. Ornismya aurita. Less., Ois. Moucb., p. 63, t. 10-11 (1829). Ornismya nigrotis, Less., Ind. Gen. and Syn. Ois. Gen. Troch., p. 20, sp. 48, 9 (1831). Heliothrix nigrotis, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 115, sp. 2. HELIOTHRIX. 175 Meliothrix auritus, Bote, Isis (1831), p. 547. — Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 115, sp. 1. — Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 69.— Id., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 251.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enuin.,p. 11 (1855).— Cab. and Hkin., Mus. Hein. '^I'h., iii (1860), p. 28.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 213. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 121 (1861). — Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 238.— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 395. Heliothrix longirostris, Gould, P. Z. S. (1862), p. 124. Hob. Northern Brazil, Guiana, Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. Male. Entire upper surface and lengthened upper tail coverts shining golden- green, brightest on the head. Wings purplish-black. Lores and a line below the eye black, ending in violet-blue. Below this line is another of luminous green extending from the gape. Entire under surface pure white. Four middle rectrices bluish-black, remainder pure white. Bill and feet black. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2f in. Tail, 2J in. Culmen, f in. Female. Wants the green line beneath the black one on the face; and the violet tufts on the cheeks. It also differs in having a much longer tail, and an oblique black bar across the lateral rectrices near their base. In all other respects she resembles the male. Total length, 5 J in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2| in. Culmen, | in. 2. Heliothrix auricnlatns. Trochilus aurt'culatus, " Light.," Nordm. Erinan Raise (1835), p. 5, t. 2, figs. 1 and 2. Omismya pouchetii, Less., Rev. Zool. (1840), p. 72. Heliothrix auriculatus, Gbay, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 115, sp. 3.— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853).— Id.. Troch. Enum., p. 11 (1855).— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 214. — Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 121. — BoN., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1,854), p. 251.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 28.— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 396.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouoh., torn, ii, p. 340 (1875). Heliothrix pouchetii, Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., p. 69 (1850). Heliothrix aurita, Burm., Th. Bras., vol. ii, p. 336, juv. Heliothrix phainolcema, Gould, P. Z. S. (1855), p. 87.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 215.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 121 (1861).— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 28 (note 4) (1860). Hdiothrix phainoleuca, Hartl., Weig. Arch., vol. xxii, 2, p. 23. • Sah. Southern Brazil. Male. Differs from the H. auritus only in having the chin and sides of the neck luminous grasB-green. In all other respects they are alike. Total length, 4| in. Wing, 2| in. Tail, 2 in. Culmen, | in. Female. Precisely like the female of ff. auritus, and the dimensions the same. 3. Heliothrix barroti. Trochilus harroti, Bourc, Rev. Zool. (1843), p. 72.— Id., Ann. Soc. Agr., Lyon (1843), t. vi, p. 48. Heliothrix harroti, Gray, Gen. Birds, vol. i, p. 11&, sp. 4.— Bon., Consp. Gen. Av., vol. i, p. 69 (1850).— Reich., Aufz. der Colib., p. 13 (1853).— Id., Troch. Enilin., p. 11 (1855).— Bon., Rev. and Mag. Zool. (1854), p. 271.— Gould, Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 217.— Id., Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 121, sp. 241.— Muls., Hist. Nat. Ois. Mouch., torn, ii, p. 242.— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii (1860), p. 28 (note 3).— Elliot, Ibis (1876), p. 397. Heliothrix purpureiceps, Gould, P. Z. S. (1855), p. 87.— Id., Mon. Troch., vol. iv, pi. 216— Cab. and Hein., Mus. Hein. Th., iii, p. 28 (note 3) (1860). Heliothrix violifrons, Gould, Intr. Troch., octavo ed., p. 122, sp. 242 (1861).-Salv., P. Z. S. (1870), p. 210. ffab. Central America, Columbia, Ecuador. .r 176 SYNOPSIS OF THE HUMMING-BIRDS. Male. Top of head purplish-blue. Rest of plumage like 5! a M?-i