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CORNELL 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 THE 
 ANNA ALLEN WRIGHT 
 
 LIBRARY ENDOWMENT FUND 
 
Cornell University Library 
 F 129.S76K47 
 
 Stony Point illustrated :an account of t 
 
 3 1924 008 367 207 
 
The original of tiiis book is in 
 tine Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924008367207 
 
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 J^h^ ^s-'^^^xcZA^^^ 
 
 
sm piim iiiesTBATED. 
 
 AN AC COUNT OF TEE 
 
 mil PLEMEII? ON THE 
 
 -WITH- 
 
 Traditions and Relics of the Revolution, 
 
 AND SOME 
 
 GENEOLOGICAL RECORDS OF THE PRESENT INHABITANTS. 
 
 Dedicated to the Descendants of the Revolutionary Fathers. 
 
 Edited and Published by Rev. "W" R. Kiefee. 
 
 NEW YORK : 
 
 Z. R. Bennett, Printer, 76 Cortlandt Street. 
 1888. 
 
COPYRIGHT 
 
 1888, 
 
 BY W. B. KIEFEE. 
 
 1^ 
 
 per 
 
INTEODUCTION. 
 
 BY J. J. SMITH D. D. 
 
 It is not the object of the writer of this book to confine the 
 attention of the reader to any one line of thought so as to make a 
 specialty of any particular class of facts, as would a writer on com- 
 mercial affairs make the national exchange of commodities and 
 the laws of trade his theme ; or as would an ecclesiastical historian 
 dwell exclusively upon matters connected with the church ; or as 
 the military historian would confine himself to wars, campaigns, 
 strategetical movements of armies, and battles upon land and sea ; 
 but in the selection of events the author has evidently sought to 
 group and combine the leading local facts of this town, both his- 
 torical and biographical, together with narratives, incidents, tradi- 
 tions and illustrations that cannot fail to be deeply interesting, 
 especially to the people of Stony Point and its vicinity, covering, 
 as it does, more or less of the whole period of our national exist- 
 ence. 
 
 Besides, thip work can hardly fail to interest the children also, 
 inasmuch as it speaks of persons, many of whom they have already 
 become more or less interested in as neighbors and friends, while 
 some sustain the more endearing relationship of kindred. In ad- 
 dition to this it treats of events that have occurred principally 
 within a district with which they are themselves familiar, and 
 which has already become endeared to them by their every day 
 associations. 
 
INTKODtrCTlON. 
 
 This consideration is of special importance to parents, because 
 the human mind is so constituted that it must be, of necessity, oc- 
 cupied in the pursuit of some object, and consequently if it is not 
 directed by a guiding hand into proper channels, it will seek such 
 amusements as may lead directly to indulgence and dissipation. 
 Such a book as this, considered simply in the light of amusement, 
 possesses a very great advantage over the numerous publications 
 of mere fiction, that in too many instances inflame the imagination 
 and excite the worst passions. In this way the morals of thousands 
 of the rising generation are permanently corrupted, if not de- 
 stroyed. It is because of this fact that parents should see to it 
 that such books are put into their hands as will instruct as well as 
 amuse, and which are morally pure. Such a book we have in the 
 " Stony Point Illtjsteated." 
 
PEEFACE, 
 
 It is the purpose of the author of the following pages to pre- 
 serve for the generations to come Eevolutionary and home pic- 
 tures of Stony Point ; also, some of the characteristics of the peo- 
 ple. If the descendants of the present families who shall live 
 here an hundred years from this time shall read this book with as 
 much interest as its author takes in the writing and publication, 
 our labor will have been amply rewarded. 
 
 Having spent four years on these Eevolutionary grounds, 
 which are sacred to every true American, and are being more and 
 more visited by historians and military students for their classic 
 and historic interest, we feel that we should do violence to the 
 promptings o± our patriotic impulses not to note at least a few of 
 the important features which have daily come to our notice. 
 
 The map which forms the frontispiece to this volume is in 
 part a reprint from the original British surveys, and which had 
 been printed for Wm. Faden, Geoghrapher to the King, March 
 1st, 1Y81. A perfected survey was procured from field notes 
 made by Prof. L. Wilson of Haverstraw. The improvements on 
 the map were by the author after a special study of the entire field. 
 
 How peculiarly fitting that the signal officer of the day of 
 the semi-centennial celebration of " The Storming " should be a 
 man of the same name as the man who commanded the advance 
 regiment that entered the main redoubt in company with Briga- 
 dier General "Wayne! His name was Febriger, and when the 
 colors were to be waved as a signal for the ships' guns to fire this 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 same Febriger, a young and gallant Lieutenant, performed that 
 most honorable duty. 
 
 General Ward, we are told, was here as chief director of the 
 attempt to explain " The Storming." The day was so extremely 
 hot that any attempt at an action which would require great exer- 
 tion would have been hazardous. The writer was present and 
 overheard the officers in a dispute as to who should command, and 
 as to how to proceed. Their ideas of the real assault were the 
 most confused. 
 
 There are persons still living here who shook hands with vet- 
 erans of the capture of Stony Point. In a very few years these 
 living witnesses will be silenced forever, and the important links 
 of testimony which they can furnish will be missing, never to be 
 recalled. 
 
 We cherish with exalted respect and grateful memory the re- 
 cital of these traditional deeds of the departed heroes of the bril- 
 liant achievement, and to record them in this volume is our proud- 
 est work — purely, too, a labor of love. 
 
 We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of C. B. Story and 
 E. A. Thompson in the preparation of the work which is now 
 submitted to the reader. 
 
 THE AUTHOK. 
 
CONTENTS, 
 
 Paet I. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Chapter I — Monumental History. 9 
 
 '" II — Our Historic Ground. 11 
 
 III — Tlie Primitive Inhabitants. 13 
 
 IV— The First White Settlers. 21 
 
 V— The Capture of Stony Point. . 30 
 
 VI — The Forgotten Monuments of our Heroes. 42 
 
 " VII— The Treason of Arnold. 46 
 
 " VIII — Operations on the Hudson. 54 
 
 IX — Traditions of the Revolution. fiO 
 
 " X — Relics. 77 
 
 XI— The Celebration. 85 
 
 Paet II. 
 
 Chaptee I — The Prospects of the Place. 101 
 
 " . II— Fishing. 104 
 
 " III— The Geology of Stony Point. 106 
 
 " IV— Music. - 111 
 
 Y_The Churches. 113 
 
 " VI — Registration. 123 
 
 " VII— Biographical Sketches. 129 
 
 " VIII— SeK-Made Men. 149 
 
Stony Point Illustrated,, 
 
 PART I. 
 
STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 CHAPTEE I. 
 
 MONUMENTAL HISTORY ITS GREAT UTILITY. 
 
 IEFOEE the introduction of writing, past events were re- 
 corded with the chisel on the rock. The ancient Egyptians 
 and Mexicans represented ideas by the use of pictures or engrav- 
 ings of celestial bodies, the human body, animals, &c. They were 
 most commonly cut in rehef on the face of rock, but sometimes 
 they were traced out with a reed with coloring of vegetable and 
 mineral inks, known in the Glyptic art as polychrome. Those 
 representing simple ideas are called ideaogra/phs, and those ex- 
 pressing sounds are called phonetics. 
 
 In the days when men lived five hundred years, and nearly 
 twice that length of time, writing and monumental engraving 
 were not so essential to the preservation of events. The art of 
 writing was more fully developed when mans' days were cut down 
 to " three score and ten." 
 
 Monuments are the most convincing historians of all the 
 mediums which men employ for the transmission of events. 
 
 On the face of the rock in Kosciusko's Garden at West Point 
 are engraved on the granite immortal words which are read by 
 every visitor. All the epitaphs of the park are of peculiar inter- 
 est, while in the clifE of the rock near by is still legible the mark 
 of a cannon ball, which, it is said, was fired from an English gun on 
 the river, while the General lay sleeping on a narrow ledge only a 
 few inches below the spot where the missile took effect. 
 
10 
 
 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 On the Palisade of the Kocky Falls, on the beautiful Dela- 
 ware Kiver, about fifty miles north of Philadelphia, may still be 
 seen an indenture with a piece of iron wedged in it, as the result 
 of a floating wreck of some boat which was swept by on the wild 
 and maddened stream during the great freshet of 1861 ; that mark 
 on the face of the rock will for all time, that the granite remains, 
 indicate the height to which the river had risen. Monuments are 
 still standing which prove the high-water mark of a freshet in the 
 same river in 1841. 
 
 These spots, chiseled in the natural rock, either by hand or 
 by nature, mark certain events which the student of history reads 
 with prof oundest interest ; they form the very alphabet and lan- 
 guage of his investigation of causes and events ; to him they pre" 
 sent true historic beauty and are living imprints of artificial and 
 natural causes. 
 
 Many are the noble deeds which 
 the faithful forefathers of our peo- 
 ple wrought for their posterity. 
 All about us are fruits which their 
 hands have cultivated. Of few, if 
 any, can a memoir be found. "Why 
 should not we record for genersr 
 tions to come, the affairs that oc- 
 cupy our attention, the customs 
 that enslave or enrich our citizens, 
 the haps and mishaps that are incidental to our community — that 
 excite us to sadness or pleasure — and thus preserve frora decay 
 what would otherwise remain unknown to those who shall follow 
 us and know only that we once Hved. 
 
CHAPTER II. 
 
 OUE HISTORIC GROUND. 
 
 10 PLACE on the noble River of Hudson can more justly 
 boast of important historic data, or more enchanting 
 scenery, than our Revolutionary Stony Point ; and yet we fear 
 that in all the records of our national civilization, or the annals of 
 the struggle of our nation for independence, no place of similar 
 historic value is more meagerly treated. A heritage so grandly 
 sanctified by the bravery and true devotion of our patriot fathers 
 should elicit the tenderest interest of the immediate descendants, 
 if not, as well, of the most remote citizen of the land. 
 
 A feeling of sadness steals over the writer as he approaches 
 the duty of gathering the treasures of history which the departed 
 fathers, and mothers, too, have earned for us. How much to be 
 lamented that some kind survivor did not earlier write up their 
 heroic deeds ! How deep and sad was the neglect of so tender a 
 work! 
 
 How many a broken home would be cheered in their pilgrim- 
 age if they could turn to some biographical cabinet and read the 
 life of their departed ! Alas ! they can with the poet exclaim : 
 " The departed ! the departed ! 
 
 They visit us in dreams, 
 And they glide above our memories 
 
 Like shadows over streams ; 
 But where the cheerful lights of home 
 
 In constant luster burn. 
 The departed, the departed 
 Can never more return ! " 
 
12 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 How many a devoted mother, having failed to procure a pho- 
 tograph of her darling child, mourns the more bitterly over the 
 unpardonable neglect in the event of the child's death ! Had she 
 the opportunity to improve again, nothing would hinder her from 
 the possession. Many valuable treasures of thought are buried in 
 the grave. With a few remembered sayings the obituary of many 
 is completed ; whereas at the cost of a few hours of pleasant labor 
 a volume of useful and comforting memoir could have been pre- 
 served. 
 
 It was to meet this want, in part, that these pages were 
 prompted to be penned. The limit of our design and space forbid- 
 ding anything more than a bare synopsis of such obituary of de- 
 ceased persons as may incidentally be met with, our object shall be 
 chiefly to record the prominent and worthy deeds of persons who 
 live among us now. 
 
 Of the character of the ancestors of these people we shall 
 speak more full in succeeding chapters, especially of those of 
 whom the poet said : 
 
 " Fair Science frowned not on his humble birth. " 
 (Nor would we) 
 
 " Further seek his merits to disclose, 
 
 " Nor draw his frailties from their dread abode, 
 " "Where they alike in trembling hope repose — 
 " The bosom of his Father and his God." 
 
 The shortness of the time since our village was founded or 
 began its material development would allow us to embrace more 
 persons in the memorial department of the geneological record ; 
 and yet for want of space, and because many otherwise well-dis- 
 posed persons failed to return the blanks sent them, our record 
 must be brief in the case of many. 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 THE PEIMITIVE INHABITANTS THE INDIANS. 
 
 ^E WILL notice the natives of tlie primitive forests as 
 having prior claims. The Indians were ahead of ns all. 
 Before the colonists disputed, with sword and musket, the inva- 
 sion of the enemy of our national freedom, the red man sat sur- 
 rounding the fires of his rude wigwam on these sacred shores. 
 Many generations of these nomadic people are probably entombed 
 in our sandy hillocks. 
 
 Long before our ancestors, devoted to immediate and future 
 settlement on our beautiful bay, sauntering Indians from the banks 
 of the Mohawk made their extended journeys to our sloping shores 
 and drew their canoes on our silent beach. Here Powontonamo, 
 the eagle of his tribe, with his laden canoe, broke the smooth sur- 
 face of the " Tappan Zee," and held communion with the chief 
 of the Algonquin tribe. During thousands of moons the delight- 
 ed and simple natives danced beneath broad oaks which spread for 
 canopy along these shores of the " River of the Mountain ;" here 
 tribe after tribe sung their warlike deeds to their children and har- 
 vested the fruits of nature's orchards and vineyards of neighboring 
 hills. Even here on these grounds where our temples stand and 
 God is worshipped, the wild-man also bowed to the " Great Spirit." 
 
 " The same stars that sank and reposed behind the primitive 
 shelter of the dusky inhabitant, shine over us now. Beneath the 
 same sun that shines on us the Indian hunter pursued the panting 
 deer ; gazing on the same moon that smiles on you, the Indian 
 lover wooed his dusky mate. Here the wigwams' blaze beamed 
 on the tender and helpless, and the council fire glared on the wise 
 
14 STbNY fdmt ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 and daring. Now they dipped their noble limbs in your sedgy 
 lake ( bay ) and now they paddled the light canoe along your rocky 
 shores. Here they warred ; the echoing whoop, the bloody grap- 
 ple, the defying death song— all were here : and when the tiger 
 strife was over, here curled the smoke of peace." 
 
 Two hundred and fifty winters ago sledges laden with the 
 skins of the otter and beaver glided over the ice of our Hudson, 
 while but a few years later troops of Ifew Amsterdam ( now New 
 York City,) ascended the river to protect Esopus from the attack 
 of the Indians. The Iroquois Indians were early associated with 
 the English government of New York State. As early as 1685, 
 Governor Dongan opposed the enslaving of the Iroquois Indians 
 to a religion which would have alhed them to the French nation, 
 with whom this same tribe afterward became seriously involved in 
 war. In 1684 the governors of New York and Virginia held a 
 war coimcil with the " Five Nations " at Albany, and secured a 
 treaty of peace. Up to that time the most of the country around 
 here was an imbroken forest and was part of the domain of the 
 swarthy dwellers of the wood. Sachem after Sachem for centuries 
 fished in our streams, shot his arrows across our ravine, and snared 
 the grouse of the native glens. 
 
 These shores, the most accessible from the sea and highland 
 stream, and the most natural outlet to the great wooded district on 
 the west, witnessed many an extraordinary Indian scene. This 
 broad, wealthy, healthful plateau had for them, as for us, elysian 
 charms. Here cupid's lustful eye looked long and insatiate ; here 
 stranger than all, the halting trail encamped on soil which glacial 
 ages had deposited only for the white man, while the unconscious 
 " lords of the domain " were satisfied with their stone implements 
 and humble ornaments gathered from the banks of the Shatemuc 
 Eiver as our Hudson was called. 
 
THE PEIMITIVE rrfSABITAUTS. 15 
 
 The Ohampae tree of India is probably not more sacred to 
 the Buddhist worshipper than our venerable cedars were to the ca" 
 noe builders, the Minsies of the bay shore. Many specimens of 
 those durable barks were long years after objects of common inter- 
 est to the early white settlers. The Dutch called them Sanhecan 
 barks. 
 
 Here on rocks and terraces they knotted the meshes of the 
 fishing seine or counted wampum to mark the departing seasons or 
 note the great events of their savage lives. Here the story of a 
 man saved by a canoe foreshadowed the orthodox history of a gen- 
 eral flood. 
 
 In the grand forest which then shaded and beautified the 
 beach from Grassy Point to Haverstraw, Indian boys and girls 
 played at games so peculiar to their forest Hf e. The bald vacancy 
 of the present locality is in pitiful contrast to the green fringe of 
 trees that then ornamented the noble river. 
 
 But, alas ! these hunting lands and play grounds of the red race 
 are here despoiled for savage and enlightened alike forever. The 
 rocks of our minor Palisades and the towering "Thor" no longer send 
 back the echoing of the laugh of the savage juveniles or the songs 
 of the chase or gathering corn by the sons and daughters of the 
 " Haverstroos " of these woods. Not even a tree or mound is left 
 to mark the spot where the red man rested from the trail on the 
 beautiful banks of the Dutch Mauritus. The winding Minescon- 
 go still flowing in her primitive silence from eddy to eddy, from 
 meadow to mead, meandering in the shadow of the June grasses, 
 slowly moves to mingle at last with the waters of the great 
 Hudson at the extreme north of the peninsular of Grassy Point ; 
 but the aboriginies, the old, the young, the playful, the grave, with 
 their arts of the fleld and pastimes of the camp, are gone. Two 
 centuries have changed the character of a great continent, and blot- 
 
16 STOUT POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 ted forever from its face nearly a whole peculiar people. They 
 live only in the stories that charm our children. Their melan- 
 choly sigh is heard dying across the plains of the far west. 
 
 " They waste us ; ay, like April snow, 
 In the warm noon we shrink away : 
 
 And fast they follow as we go 
 Toward the setting day,- — 
 
 Till they shall fill the land, and we 
 Are driven into the western sea." 
 
 Bryam,t. 
 Conquered, yet untamed, the American Indians were early 
 provided with moral instruction. Who knows but chiefs walked 
 these banks who saw EUiot's Indian Bible. Nearly a century and 
 a half ago, David Brainerd preached to tribes in the State of l^ew 
 Jersey who occasionally gathered from the upper Hudson. The 
 dialects of the Esquimau and Algonquin stretched eastward from 
 the Kocky Mountains, covering the vast region from Behring's 
 Strait to Greenland, and southward to the St. Lawrence, and was 
 according to good authority the main language along the Atlantic 
 coast, while the earliest students of philology trace kindred meth- 
 ods of exchange of thought among all the various Indian families. 
 How wisely has it been said: " And all this has passed away. 
 Across the ocean came a Pilgrim bark, bearing the seeds of life 
 and death ; the former were sown for you : the latter sprang up 
 in the path of the simple native." 
 
 A few illustrations of the Indian language will be interesting 
 to our youthful readers. The Sioux Indian draws the right hand 
 across the throat ; by this he signifies " cut-throats " or murderers. 
 One tribe touches the left breast, the region of the heart, and is 
 understood even by another tribe to mean good-hearted. To de- 
 scribe a chief, the mute native raises his finger above his head 
 
THE PRIMITIVE INHABITANTS. 17 
 
 and with it makes a reverse motion, raising or lowering the 
 finger according to the size of the person he is describing. An 
 amusing sign to express a woman is for the speaker to draw the 
 fingers slowly through the hair, something after the fashion of the 
 hair exhibitors on Fourteenth street, New York, ajid then, by ad- 
 ding the wave sign, a movement of the hand from front to the 
 right, as one of us would do in depreciation of a thing, the person 
 addressed understands the speaker to mean that the person he is 
 describing is not a woman, but a man. He would be understood 
 to be describing a female by the combing process, and a male by 
 the sign of combing long hair and the depreciating sign of no or 
 not added. Eivers are indicated by the moving along of the ex- 
 tended hand, which conveys the idea of a running stream. If no 
 water abounds the savage makes the sign of water, and follows it 
 by the sign of no. If he wishes to own the garment or implement 
 of another, he rubs the forefinger over the nose. If he wishes to 
 show that he had a good crop of com or fruit he gives the sign of 
 the article, whether grain or fruit, and then proceeds to a motion 
 of heaping up with the hands. The hollow hand brought to the 
 Hps, conveys the idea of thirst. Cleanhness is shown by rubbing 
 the pahn of the right hand over that of the left, in an outward di- 
 rection toward the fingers. This sign language is common to all 
 the tribes of the American Indians, and was pretty well read by 
 the first settlers here. 
 
 England early provided for schooling the native Indians. A 
 school called " Wheelock School," in New Hampshire, was origi- 
 nally instituted for the benefit of the Indians ; finally, Dartmouth 
 College, from whose classic and scientific halls such men as Daniel 
 Webster and Eufus Choate graduated, grew out of it. 
 
 Grammar was taught the Rhode Island Indians as early as 
 1650. Thus the foundations of educational institutions were con- 
 
IS STOlfY fOmr iLLtJSTRATEB. 
 
 temporary with the introduction of civilization among the New 
 England aboriginal tribes. They will rise in the judgment and 
 bless the name of Eoger Wilhams, who taught them the first rudi- 
 mentary elements of the laws of their language, and through them 
 the knowledge of the true God. 
 
 Cjanadian Indians are still singing religious songs compiled in 
 their language in the early days of mission work among the Mo- 
 hawk natives, by the missionaries of the Methodist Episcopal 
 Church. John "Wesley labored among them in the south, in 1T36. 
 Wm. Bradford, publisher of the New York Gazette, about 
 1715, printed the book of "Common Prayer" in the Indian lan- 
 guage. 
 
 The following soliloquy on the finding of an arrow-head, was 
 compiled by the Eev. J. J. Smith, D. D. It is by his kind per- 
 mission we insert two stanzas of the poem. 
 
 " Thou relic of the long gone past. 
 
 Memento of a race 
 Now either gone or fading fast. 
 
 Whose history none may trace, 
 Thou tellest of a former day. 
 
 When on hills, plains and all. 
 The shadows of vast forests lay. 
 Like a dark, dreary pall." 
 Who can say but that one hundred and sixty years ago, these 
 shores reverberated with the voice of prayer, which arose from 
 the lips of the swarthy sons of those forest wilds, in utterance of 
 the same petitions that to-day arise from our altars, and the Hps of 
 the red man said : " Our Father who art in heaven." But, alas, 
 those infantile mutterings are stilled Uke the ripples of their ply- 
 ing canoe. Shadows of long oblivion hang over that early forest 
 geneology. The war-whoop of the maurauding Iroquois, the In- 
 
¥31 PRIMITIVE IlfSABrtANTS. 19 
 
 dian of Indians, who called themselves "People of the loiig 
 house," have slept for ages in the narrow house of their forest 
 graves. The Mohawks, the Algonquins, the Tappans, the Minsies, 
 the Haverstroos and all the sub-tribes and families of the red men, 
 have melted away forever. The foot that once Ugljtly pressed our 
 native heather and brushed the morning dew aloiig Flora Falls, 
 has long mingled with the dust to which we are all tending. 
 
 Here on the sides of the canyons are still to be found the off- 
 spring of the ancient pines of which Garland wrote in the beauti- 
 ful stanza which follows, among which we may imagine we hear 
 the voice of the departed American Indian : 
 " O, sunless deeps of northern pines, 
 O, broad snow laden arms of fir. 
 Dim aisles, where wolves sHp to and fro, 
 And noiseless wild deer swiftly skirj*. 
 O, home of wind songs, wild and grand, 
 
 As suits thy mighty strains, O harp. 
 On which the north wind lays his h^,nd, 
 I walk thy pungent glooins once more. 
 And shout amid thy stormful roar." 
 
20 
 
 STOlSfY POINT iLLtfSTEATED. 
 
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FIEST WHITE SETTLEES. 21 
 
 CHAPTEE IV. 
 
 FIRST WHITE SETTLERS. 
 
 ANTEDATING tlie Kevolution we note some of the early 
 characteristics of the first settlers from foreign shores; 
 especially would we trace the origin of the reHgious and moral 
 proclivities of the people. 
 
 Their morals have a noble ancestral history of Puritan stock. 
 The early settlers were deeply read in the divine book ; as inflexi- 
 ble as their wills were their convictions of righteousness. Their 
 nativities were Dutch, French and a few Swedes ; hence the stur- 
 diness of many of the oldest inhabitants when encountered by 
 principles not founded in righteousness. Later, the people were 
 leavened by English thought and habit, though the predominant 
 bent of pubhc thought was HoUandish. 
 
 Out of their sentiments of supreme love of and loyalty to the 
 great political principles of their day, they laid well the foundations 
 of civil and moral excellence now seen so broad and deep in the 
 present conglomerate people. 
 
 Dutch were one of the trio of nations that settled on our "North 
 Kiver," and traded with the savages in "skins of the deer, the ot- 
 ter and the beaver." Meantime settlements were spreading with 
 their leavening civilizations from the Atlantic sea-board to west- 
 ward, southward and to the North Sea. The grants of foreign 
 powers took each their own trend ; the English westward toward 
 the golden shores ; the French from St. Lawrence to the Great 
 Gulf, and the Spaniards to the dark, cold Arctic Ocean. " In the 
 centre of the wild, trackless, shaggy continent lay our Empire 
 
22 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 State. The vast unexplored forests were wrapped in savage slum- 
 ber." 
 
 The following is a picture of our crude native land as drawn 
 by Parkman : 
 
 " On the banks of the James was a nest of woebegone Eng- 
 lishmen, a handful of fur-traders at the mouth of the Hudson, and 
 a few shivering Frenchmen among the snow-drifts of Acadia ; 
 while amid the still wilder desolation, Champlain upheld the ban- 
 ner of France over the icy rock of Quebec. These were the ad- 
 vance guard of civilization — the messengers of promise to a desert 
 continent." 
 
 New York was the architrave of the national building. It 
 was more : it formed the base of the superstructure. While the 
 composition of its moral granite was made of the solid, plodding 
 Holland character, the manufacturing genius of England, and the 
 romantic sprightliness of French etiquette, its cementing religious 
 virtues were extractions of French Hugunot, the quint essence of 
 English formality, and the sturdiness of Dutch perseverance. 
 
 Our present Stony Point society rests on pillars of the above 
 construction, while ancestral names bear the image of the forego- 
 ing progenitors. 
 
 Ireland, so prolific of noble genius and native wit and elo- 
 quence, has likewise given of her purest' and most honored sons to 
 the development of our local resources, and the spread of our in- 
 dustrial energies. 
 
 As father Marquette, who died on the banks of the Arkansas 
 in search of the " Father of Waters," ia 1673, was buried near the 
 mouth of the river which bears his name, and as Champlain, cap- 
 tivated by the charms of Canada, longed to plant there an empire 
 of his people, but died on the St. Lawrence and was buried on the 
 soil he had won, so many of the sons of " Erin " now sleep in' 
 
FIE8T WHITE SETTLERS. 
 
 23 
 
 the midst of their toils hard by " Mt. Eepose," and rest in the soil 
 which wooed them from their fatherland — the salubrious isle of 
 their nativity — to seek the wealth and freedom of these lucrative 
 shores. They found here the veritable " Curragh Kildare " of the 
 Hudson, with her broad, deep clay beds — the emerald " Bog Al- 
 len " of the Upper Netherlands. 
 
 EILEY & OLAKK's BEICK-YARD, 
 
 While many sons and daughters of that British Isle rest here 
 from their toil, honorable and long is the list of the living wlio 
 still press the pursuits of their illustrious departed. Of those liv- 
 ing among us it is just to say their sturdy muscle largely holds the' 
 financial grip of the immense brick industry of our town. It 
 would be simple injustice to their economical and faithful toil 16' 
 omit a record of them in this volume. Lads, who " patted aiid 
 edged " brick in these yards a score of years ago, are now among 
 the most successful manufacturers, and dwell amidst affluence and 
 high social surroundings, with the means to live in imperial Style. 
 Their civility, as neighbors, and theif manly dealing in business, 
 have won for them well merited esteem. Inclining mainly to the 
 OathoHc faith religiously, they have had liberal success. Their 
 friendly relations to all other evangelical churches have gained for 
 
24 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 them a sympathy which extends to their material aid in all their 
 ecclesiastical work for which they are noted in a pre-eminent de- 
 gree. No imdertaking of the writer has ever received any kind 
 of disregard by those kind hearted people. Our subscription lists 
 are well sprinkled with Celtic names, while the bricks in many 
 charitable institutions and Christian churches are stamped with in- 
 itials of Irish manufacturers. 
 
 So these men have " pitched their tents before the city," and 
 as a distinguished memorial of their prosperity have erected their 
 churches, saying : " Elioeani — ^toward him are mine eyes." 
 
 Devotion to God was so closely connected with devotion to 
 their country, among the struggling colonists, that it is easy to see 
 how the zeal for the one was inflamed by the other. 
 
 At the news of the great victory over Cornwallis at the fall 
 of Yorktown, Virginia, an event which in effect recovered the 
 whole country to the poor starving men, women and children of 
 this undeveloped country, high transports of exhultation burst 
 upon the colonists, and the great victory was celebrated in every 
 part of the union. Under a devout sense of signal Divine help in 
 this extraordinary time, Washington requested his army to observe 
 a special day of reHgious service, and an order read to the troops 
 said that "all the troops should engage in it with serious deport- 
 ment, and that sensibility of heart which the surprising and par- 
 ticular interposition of Providence in their favor claimed." 
 
 By an act of Congress then assembled in the city of Philadel- 
 phia, the 13th day of December was set apart as a day of prayer ; 
 and as an example to our fathers and mothers, that dignified body 
 of warriors and public men went in procession to a church in that 
 city " to return thanks to Ahnighty God for the signal success of 
 the American arms." 
 
 Succeeding Andross, whom the people looked upon as a ty- 
 
FIEST WHITE SETTLEES. 25 
 
 rant, Colonel Thomas Dongan, a Eoman Catholic, was appointed 
 Governor of the Empire State. It was during his administration, 
 by the advice of the Quaker, Wm. Penn, that the first assembly 
 was called and the first " Charter of Liberties " was formulated. 
 
 The freedom of thought and legislative privilege enjoyed by 
 the fathers must ever be accorded in large measure to the liberal 
 minded Dongan, without whose consent, at least, the following im- 
 mortal legislation would not have been made : 
 
 " Supreme legislative power shstHl forever reside in the Gov- 
 ernor, Council and people in General Assembly ; that every free- 
 holder and freeman may vote for Eepresentatives without restraint ; 
 that no freeman shall sufEer but by judgment of his peers, and all 
 trials shall be by a jury of twelve men ; that no tax shall be assess- 
 ed on any pretence whatever, but by the consent of the Assembly ; 
 that no seaman or soldier shall be quartered on the inhabitants 
 against their will ; that no martial law shall exist ; and that no per- 
 son, prof essing faith in God lyy Jesus Christ, shall at any time be 
 in any way disquieted or questioned for any difference of opinion 
 in matters of religion." 
 
 Again, in 1698, the Governorship of New York fell on Bella- 
 mont, an Irish peer, whose strong will and unimpeachable integri- 
 ty did much for our people, and unlike the intolerant Fletcher, 
 who labored with great zeal in endeavoring to estabhsh the Eng- 
 hsh church, allowed that freedom to worship God, for which the 
 Pilgrim Fathers had sought these shores. 
 
 The religious sentiment which still adheres to our community 
 had culminated during the Colonial existence of our ancestors in 
 fixed Puritanical principles and customs. As the government of 
 the people had more and more become English, that portion of soci- 
 ety that were of Dutch and Swedish origin did not readily take to 
 the ceremonies of the ritualistic English church. In fact, the 
 
26 STONT POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Whig and Tory spirit that agitated the people politically during 
 the Eevolution, entered largely into the ecclesiastical and rehgious 
 life of the early families. If an English settler entertained 
 Tory sentiments, he endorsed high-church aristocracy — ^EngHsh 
 establishment notions. If he was of the Puritanical sect, he turn- 
 ed his English enthusiasm and political views to the best account 
 toward the success of the Church of the Reformation. This was 
 mainly true of aU the respective nationalities, who represented the 
 mixed settlement of the town. 
 
 The same ambition that obtained in Scotland, in 1625, when 
 King James attempted to establish a conformity in worship and 
 discipline between the churches of the two kingdoms, ( Scotland 
 and England,) was shown by the Koyal authorities in the days of 
 the colonists here. The same zeal which actuated the Scottish no- 
 bility and the common people of Scotland to maintain separate 
 church and " kirk," also obtained among the Puritan people of 
 this country. 
 
 "While the Dutch, who settled in New Amsterdam and extend- 
 ed their trading-posts to our cove, along the river, were mainly di- 
 rect descendants from Holland proper, others of them were from 
 French Huguenot' descent. These latter were chiefly found among 
 the more religious families, and from whom can be traced the line- 
 age of some of our best citizens. 
 
 Hume, the English historian, said the name " Puritan " stood 
 for three parties. "There were the political Puritans, who main- 
 tained the highest principles of civil liberty ; the Puritans in dis- 
 cipline, who were averse to the ceremonies and Episcopal govern- 
 ment of the Church ; and the doctrinal Puritans, who rigidly de- 
 fended the speculative systems of the first reformers." 
 
 In the spirit of the above exposition of a Puritan, the philo^ 
 sophic reader will discover the true germs of Republicanism, which 
 
FIRST WHITE SETTLERS. 
 
 2Y 
 
 W. TOMPKINS EEVOLUTIONAET HOUSE. 
 
 afterward culminated in tlie platform of the Revolutionary Whig 
 party, from which the Eepublican party sprang, as to its incipient 
 principles. Few persons, even among the educated, can show 
 the real difference between Democracy as it was originally, and 
 Republicanism as it really is, when properly defined. As inde- 
 pendence and freedom are terms of similar meaning, so Democ- 
 racy and Republicanism, when properly explained, convey but one 
 meaning — that not to be ruled by royalty, but by themselves ; but 
 as people cannot rule themselves without organization and govern- 
 mental authority vested in some one of their number, either party 
 must adopt some form of government based on representative 
 choice. Both are representative systems as against an arbitrary sys- 
 tem of royal ruHng. 
 
 As the political parties grew, naturally they would take on 
 differing Ariews of national questions. The greed of power, the 
 
28 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 love of money, desire for luxuries, suggested political bribery. The 
 desire to get a HveHhood out of other persons' labors, took shape in 
 certain great sectional economies. Cotton became king. Money 
 became synonymous with power. Human labor became capital. 
 Men and women were bought for their labor value, and were 
 propagated and imported for that purpose. Ownership of souls 
 gave power of their disposal and treatment. Education assured 
 the rising generations of a hvelihood, whether honorable or other- 
 wise. Emigration soon created national jealousy. Some factions 
 opposed the coming of so many foreigners, and so the national 
 questions increased in number and importance. Politics became 
 God, and God interfered, and contending armies of the opposing 
 factions engaged in the deadly strife. Civil war covered the land. 
 
 However, so strongly had the minds of the colonists become 
 imbued with the spirit of independence, both from what they had 
 seen in the imperial ruling of the foreign king at home, and what 
 they saw of his rule by the Governors of his appointment in the col- 
 onies, that, wherever they settled in the new country, they inculcar 
 ted on those under them, their own opinions and spirit of self-gov- 
 ernment. 
 
 As proof of this, we have but to read the following extract 
 from the writings of Graham, who said : " It was for no ordinary 
 people that the laud ( America ) was reserved, and of no common 
 quahties or vulgar superiority that it was ordained to be the prize." 
 The language of the emigrating people themselves, in their request 
 to King James for his approval of the embarkation, was proof of 
 this growing desire for civil and religious liberty. In unmistakar 
 ble words they said : " "We are well weaned from the delicate milk 
 of the mother country, and inured to the difficulties of a strange 
 land. "We are knit together in a strict and sacred bond, by virtue 
 of which we hold ourselves bound to take care of the good of each 
 
FIRST WHITE SETTLERS. 
 
 29 
 
 TOMPKINS COVE METHODIST CHURCH. 
 
 other, and of the whole. It is not with us as with other men, 
 whom small things discourage, or cause to wish themselves at home 
 again." 
 
 How full of meaning is the following old Pilgrim song, when 
 applied to settlers of our town : 
 " Ay, call it holy ground, 
 
 The soil where first they trod. 
 They have left unstained what ( here ) they found ; 
 Freedom to worship God." 
 
30 
 
 SfOSY POIlJT iLLtJSTteATIiD. 
 
 Krom Harper's Magazii 
 
 CopyriKht, 1879, by Harper & Brothen 
 
 GENERAL ANTHONY WAYNE. 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 THE STORMING OE CAPTtTEE OF STONY POINT FOET. 
 
 pMrirfS "WE look from the window of our study, which commands 
 a magnificent view of the entire promontory from west to 
 east, on the cherished ruins of the old fort, and on the same placid 
 waters at its base, where war ships once had anchored, and then 
 
THE CAPTtJEE OF STONT POINT. 31 
 
 read tlie letter, whicli "Wayne, in broken English, penned as his first 
 report to General Washington, a few minutes after the carnage had 
 ceased, and while dying captives and vanquished foes were begging 
 dismantled at his feet, we copy for the readers of centuries to 
 come, the following immortal words : 
 
 " Stout Point, 2 o'clock a. m., 16 July, 17Y9. 
 Dear General : 
 
 The fort and garrison, with Colonel Johnson, are ours. Our 
 oflBcers and men behaved like men who are determined to be free. 
 
 Tours most sincerely, 
 
 AN^THONY "WATNE." 
 
 The reader is now suflBciently interested to want a fuller ac- 
 count of the great event. It was at midnight. The hour was a 
 sad token of the troubled condition of the country at that time. 
 It was a time of terrible despondency. Much of the wealth and 
 aristocracy of the colonies was almost prepared to compromise 
 with the British. Congress was doubtful. Washington had been 
 in command of the patriots with varying success, since his appoint- 
 ment, May 10, 1TT5. He had had some decided victories, but 
 more failures. Washington's faith never wavered, but sustained 
 him, because he knew his cause was just. He had solidified his 
 purposes by prayers and tears. During his stay at Valley Forge 
 he was overheard, on bended knee, in a ravine, pleading with God 
 for victory. Mr. Potts, who happened to overhear the prayer, re- 
 lated the solemn incident to his wife, and remarked : If there was 
 any one to whom the Lord would hsten, it was George Washing- 
 ton, and that under such a commander their independence was 
 certain. Pennsylvania and Massachusetts had, through distin- 
 guished delegations, sought to predjudice Congress against Wash- 
 ington. England, tired and frightened, sought by overtures and 
 costly bribes to ask reconciliation. 
 
32 
 
 SToirr Point itLtrSTUATED. 
 
 Benjamin Franklin was at 
 that time embassador to France, 
 and secured assistance from 
 that nation, but large numbers 
 of the colonists had joined the 
 Tories with the hope that in the 
 event of the victory of England, 
 they would be spared. It was 
 a question now of life and 
 death. A company of natives, 
 some of them citizens of our 
 town, had united in the defence of the fort, after its evacuation by 
 "Washington, the last of May, less than two months before its re- 
 capture, of which we are writing. 
 
 As an index of the public feeling that Washington would fail, 
 we quote from Wayne's letter to his brother-in-law, Sharpe Dela- 
 ney, Philadelphia, penned at Spring Steels an hour before the as- 
 sault, midnight, July 15, 1779, in which Wayne says as follows : 
 " You have often heard me default the supineness and unworthy 
 torpidity into which Congress were lulled, and that it was my de- 
 cided opinion this would be a sanguinary campaign in which many 
 of the choicest spirits and much of the best blood in America 
 would be lost, owing to the parsimony and neglect of Congress. If 
 ever any prediction was true, it is this ; and if ever a great and good 
 man was surrounded with a choice of difficulties, it is General 
 Washington. I fear the consequences. I see clearly that he will 
 be impelled to make other attempts and efforts in order to save his 
 country; that his numbers will not be adequate, and that he may 
 fall a sacrifice to the folly and parsimony of our worthy rulersP 
 
 It is plain to see that a great and desperate hour had come. 
 To meet the present emergency a gigantic stroke of military prow- 
 
THE CAWmtE OV STONY POINT. 33' 
 
 eSB must be made. Washington saw that a crisis had arrived. 
 Great and farseeing strategy was revolving behind the broad 
 brow of the Herculean General. He looked abont for generalship 
 of the sturdiest lype, on account of the heavy blow about to be 
 struck, so that the British arm,^ which held in its grip of steel the 
 redoubts of Yerplanck's and Stony Point, with their out works, 
 might be broken. At high and commanding pointy above the garri- 
 sons and out of reach of the unsuspecting Tories and foreign troops 
 on the river fortifications. Gen. "Washington had improvised tem- 
 porary forts. Meanwhile the marshaling of selected troops had 
 placed under the command of the gallant Wayne a certain num- 
 ber of the most reliable men of the army. A reconnoitering sys- 
 tem had been carried on for at least a month befOre the attack. 
 The works, the contour of the land, the natural and artificial de- 
 fences, the tide water obstructions of the point, together with the 
 advantageous prospects for fleet attack from the north and south 
 sides of the promontory, had received the careful personal investi- 
 gation of the Commander in Chief, as well as of the head Engi- 
 neers and the shrewdest Generals, even to the picked men who 
 were to lead the van of the volunteers on the fatal night. Every 
 precaution of a well planned campaign had been taken, and Gen- 
 eral Wayne allowed his own set time when a " favorable opportu- 
 nity for striking an advantageous stroke " should be presented. 
 
 Washington had, on the 6th of July, made a personal exami- 
 nation of the enemy's garrison, and pronounced the "works form- 
 idable," but entertained the hope that on a further examination 
 they might be " found accessible." His knowledge, however, in 
 the nature of things, must be limited as to the enemy's fortifica- 
 tion of the hill ; for as Wayne had offered to attend the General 
 on the 2nd of July, in a personal inspection of the works, under a 
 steong guard of the "Light Corps," it is pretty clearly evident 
 
34 
 
 STONY POINT ILttTSTRATED. 
 
 br lldr_ M igazine. 
 
 Copyright, lb*',!, by llarjier & Brothers 
 
 THE BATTLE OF STONY POINT. 
 
 that the examination was, to say the least of it, made under con- 
 
THE CAPTtJBE O'P STOlfY tOlOT. 35 
 
 siderable danger. Anyone acquainted with the geography of the 
 elevation will see with what extreme difficulty an inspection by 
 day-light mnst be attended. The extreme length of the land from 
 the causeway and rivulet, which bound it on the west, to the bold, 
 high, rocky face, which juts into the river toward Verplanck's 
 Point on the opposite side, is probably a full half mile. On the 
 ridge and undulating ground are a number of rough, rocky hills, 
 which would form clever fortifications with the least engineering, 
 while natural openings occurred between them. On careful study, 
 some of these hills reveal traces of rifle pits and breast-works. 
 
 Entirely contrary to the common opinion, the front of the 
 enemy's fortification was to the west, and that the southern expos- 
 ure of the garrison was the right flank ; and, as Washington states 
 in his note of the 9th, to Wayne, a British deserter gave informa- 
 tion of a " sandy beach on the south side, running along the flank 
 of the works, and only obstructed, 'at that point,' by a hght abatis, 
 which might ajBford an easy and safe approach to a body of troops." 
 
 In accordance with this theory, as shown in the fuUer report 
 of Wayne to his superior, on the 17th, two days after the assault, 
 the van of the right, under command of Lieut. Col. Fleury, "pre- 
 ceded by twenty picked men," proceeded to remove the obstruc- 
 tions on the south ; the van of the left, under command of Ma- 
 jor Stewart, "preceded by a brave and experienced officer, with 
 twenty men," was sent in for the same purpose, viz: "the removal 
 of abatis," on the north side of the hill. Another remark occur- 
 ring in General Wayne's report confirms this ; he says : " At twelve 
 o'clock the assault was to begin on the right and left of the enemy's 
 works, whilst Major Murfey amused them in front. But a deep 
 morass, covering their whole front, and at this time overflowed by 
 the tide, together with other obstructions, rendered the approaches 
 more difficult than was at first apprehended, so that it was about 
 
3ft STONY POINT ILLTTSTKATED. 
 
 twenty minutes after twelve before the assault began ; previously 
 to which, I placed myseK at the head of Febriger's regiment, on 
 the right column, and gave the troops most pointed orders not to 
 fire qn any account, but place their whole dependence on the bayo- 
 net.") Neither the deep morass (which surrounds the whole bat- 
 tle gf ottnd on the west and south), the formidable and double rows 
 of abatis, nor the strong works va. front Sindijlank, could damp the 
 ardor of the troops, who, in the face of a most tremendous fire of 
 musketry, and from cannon loaded with grape shot, forced their 
 way, at the point of the bayonet, through every obstacle ; both 
 columns meeting in the center of the enemy's works nearly at the 
 same instant. 
 
 From several well settled facts we are certain that the main 
 attack was from the south. With this part of the army, "Wayne 
 and Fleury ascended the hill. (See map.) 
 
 The " center " of the enemy's stronghold was undoubtedly in 
 the low, flat surface, and immediately west of the spot where the 
 lighthouse now stands, the entire garrison containing at least two 
 acres of land. (See our cut of the battle.) This place, the light- 
 house foundation, which aU strangers naturally look upon as the 
 center of the enemy's garrison, was, in our opinion, but the main 
 redoubt for the storage of ammunition, weapons, etc., and occupy- 
 ing the most commanding position, afforded the best .view of the 
 entire river, north, east and south. The cannon, which had been 
 placed on eminences to the west of this supposed fort, best com- 
 manded an effective range of the enemy's front, facing the " marsh," 
 the "causeway" and the "ravine," across which "Wayne had sta- 
 tioned his reserves of three hundred men, under command of Gen- 
 eral Muhlenburg. 
 
 In another part of the same report, "Wayne says, " the officers 
 and privates of the artillery easeried themselves in twrvmrng the cam- 
 
THE CAPTUEE OF STONT POINT. 37 
 
 non agmnst VerplcmcKs Pointy and forced the enemy to cnt cable 
 of their shipping and ran down the river." By this description, 
 it is clear that the cannon must have been in position to sweep the 
 western slope, and if they were to do execution eastward, they 
 must be hauled to a high point to enable them to do effective 
 work on the British ships which were anchored off Verplanck's. 
 Besides, the General commanding, in giving a sketch of the ene- 
 my's works, speaks of them as follows : " The sketch herewith 
 transmitted wiU give you a general idea of thfi stren^h of their 
 works on the west side, which, in my opinion, are formidable ; I 
 think too much so, for a storm ; and to attempt to reduce it by 
 regular approaches will require time, as there is no ground within 
 less distance than half a mile hut what it commands." 
 
 The entire front and flanks of the enemy were posted with 
 sentry. Batteries and earthworks were scattered around the en- 
 tire circle. In his directions as to how to proceed, Gen. Washington 
 especially requested that each commander should know in advance 
 "precisely what batteries or particular parts of the line" they were 
 "respectively to possess," that "confusion and the consequences of 
 indecision " might " be avoided." 
 
 An examination of the marsh, "sandy beach," and causeway, 
 convinces one of tliis. The sentries had been taken, and the skir- 
 mishers driven in. Anthony "Wayne, at the head of the advance 
 column, had successfully passed the first abatis, and was passing 
 the second when he was wounded in the scalp by a milsket ball, 
 and falling to the ground, with considerable efEort, in a partly erect 
 posture, shouted : " March on ! carry me into the fort, for I wiU 
 die at the head of my column." Captain Tishboum and Mr. 
 Archer, his aides-de-camp, supported him while he walked, bleed- 
 ing and faint, into the works of the enemy. 
 
 A general shout from the throats of the dying, the Hps of the 
 
38 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 victors and the entreaties of the vanquished, followed the boom- 
 ing of cannon and the clattering of musketry. 
 
 Honorable mention was made by the General in command of 
 the great humanity of the brave soldiers who scorned to take the 
 lives of a vanquished foe calling for mercy, and states that this 
 act reflected the highest honor on them, and accounted for the few 
 of the enemy kiUed on the occasion. 
 
 So high was the excitement that Lieutenant Colonel Fleury 
 struck the British flag with his own hand. 
 
 A remarkable fact is recorded, that while the British did aU 
 the firing of which they were capable and the Americans did none, 
 the former lost in killed sixty-three men, and the latter but fifteen. 
 The wounded, however, in the American army amounted to eighty- 
 three. The number of the men holding the garrison, and who 
 fell into the hands of the Americans, was about six hundred; 
 while it was the opinion of the Engineer and Washington, and 
 all the ofiicers, who held a subsequent consultation as to the pro- 
 priety of sustaining the fort, that it would require, at least, fifteen 
 hundred men to make it completely defensible. This is also an ad- 
 ditional evidence that the garrison contained at least several acres. 
 
 Some allusion is made in the correspondence between Wash- 
 ing and Wayne as to precautions in securing the Passes leading to 
 Stony Point. Perhaps there is no word that will as well convey 
 a correct idea of the roughness of the entire country surrounding 
 the famous battle ground. So much of the land as was not heav- 
 ily timbered was in great part covered, especially on the low 
 grounds, with heavy, tangled undergrowth — alder, thorn and 
 brier. Before its occupancy by troops. Stony Point was seldom 
 visited except by hunters and the wood chopper. King's Ferry 
 was built as a military necessity, the wharf of the commerce of 
 the river being located in the region of the present Penny Bridge. 
 
THE CAPTURE OF STONY POINT. 
 
 39 
 
 THE WASHINGTON TEEE. 
 
iO STONT POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 A dozen houses would constitute the entire community. On the 
 old Erskine map, six houses or buildings are shown — DeNoyelle's, 
 Benson's, W. Smith's (The Treason House,) a house at the fork 
 of the road near the "Washington Tree," of which we have an en- 
 graving. Flora Krom, on the east slope of Kalebergh Mountain, a 
 blacksmith shop at the comer where E. B. Marks' store is located 
 and King's Ferry. These are land marks; others, no doubt, 
 existed. 
 
 Our chapter on the "Traditions of ihe Kevolution" will de- 
 scribe some of them. 
 
 "We add the following interesting quotations from the Maga- 
 zine of the metropolitan publishing house. Harper Bros., dated 
 the year of the centennial of the capture : " The struggle of the Rev- 
 olution in reality, centered here. No strategic position any where 
 in the thirteen colonies was more eagerly coveted on the one side 
 or more sleeplessly watched on the other, than these same High- 
 lands. They formed, as it were, the covered way between the 
 strong New England section and the rest of the States to the south- 
 ward, by which they all kept their chain of communication, sym- 
 pathy and mutual assistance unbroken. It was to capture and oc- 
 cupy this position that Burgoyne marched down with his f ormidar 
 ble expedition from Canada, through the Horicon (silvery water), 
 as named by Femmore Cooper, and now known as Lake George ; 
 and it was for the same purpose that that infamous plot of treach- 
 ery and desertion was concocted between Arnold and Sir Henry 
 Clinton, in 1Y80. Throughout the long struggle the region was 
 never for a moment bared of defences. Here fortifications had 
 been commenced as early as 1775 ; here troops marched and coim- 
 termarched in every campaign ; and here on the Hudson lay the 
 last cantonment of the army of the Revolution when the soldiers 
 were dismissed to their homes at the close of the war." 
 
THE CIAPTUEE OF. STONY POINT. 
 
 41 
 
 RIVEE VIEW. 
 
 Referring to tlie scene of the capture the same writer contin- 
 ues : " Stony Point, a bold, rocky peninsular, 200 feet high at its 
 summit, juts out far into the river ; and when the water does not 
 surround its base, a marsh seems to isolate it from the main. Yer- 
 planck's, nearly opposite, slightly above, having not half this height, 
 
42 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 nevertheless has a commanding range. Irving calls these prom- 
 ontories " the lower gates of the Highlands, or miniature Pillars 
 of Hercules, of which Stony Point is the Gibraltar." 
 
 CHAPTEE VI. 
 
 THE FORGOTTEN MONUMENTS OF OUB HEROES. 
 
 aj^pOULD the everlasting hiUs and the granite peaks of our his- 
 fflHJl toric river break the silence of a century, they would speak 
 of the deeds of the brave patriots; but their silence will never 
 break ; they will wait for other tongues : 
 
 "Mark — on the Highlands' frieze, the noted train. 
 
 The victors' marshalled triumph, throng 
 In bold procession to Liberty's fane. 
 
 With many a federal symbol move along. 
 Lone are thy pillars now ; each gale 
 
 Sighs over them as a spirit's voice which moaned 
 That loneliness, and told the plaintive tale 
 
 Of the bright Campus by Continentals owned. 
 Weep, cherished ruins ! parched on Highland Hill, 
 
 Thy peers in other lands have shared 
 The same neglect, and standing still. 
 
 That wasting elements have yet in mercy spared, 
 Each commemorative mark by valor made. 
 
 Will treasures of patriotic love be laid. 
 Yes; in those fragments — those by time defaced, 
 
 And rude, insensate conquerers — yet remains 
 All that may charm the enlightened eye of taste 
 
THE FOKGOTTEN MONUMENTS OF OUK HEROES. 43 
 
 On shores where still inspirmg freedom reigns. 
 As vital fragrance breathes from every part 
 
 Of the crushed myrtle, or the bruised rose — 
 E'en thus the essential of art, 
 
 There in each wreck imperishably glows. 
 The soul of Washington lives in every Hne, 
 Pervading brightly still the spirit of his time." 
 
 Temples of rehgions antiquated, towers of human ambition, 
 have mouldered to dust ; images of savage nations have fallen to 
 the earth ; but why should those fortresses of our Kevolutionary 
 achievement be allowed to level to the earth and be overgrown by 
 forests, or fall into the oblivion of the ordinary furrows of the field, 
 and be looked for in vain and with sadness by the sons of our pat- 
 riot dead ? On many — yes, sadly many — a spot where fell the 
 martyrs of our freedom, some to rise no more, others to bear their 
 honorable scars to future graves, not a common stone of the great 
 multitude on the groimd, is reared. The poet has pictured never 
 so truly and vividly of these as in the following words : 
 
 " The thousands that, uncheered by praise. 
 
 Have made one offering of their days 
 
 For Truth, for Heaven, for Freedom's sake — 
 
 Resigned, the bitter cup to take ; 
 
 And silently, in fearless faith. 
 
 Bowing their noble souls to death, 
 
 Where sleep they, Earth? By no proud stone 
 
 Their narrow couch of rest is known. 
 
 The still sad glory of their name, 
 
 Hallows no mountain unto Fame ; 
 
 No ; not a tree the record bears. 
 
 Of their deep thoughts and lonely prayers." 
 
44 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 True ; of the spot where a hundred brave men fell before an 
 equal number of the foe, some to rise no more, not even a stone, 
 of the many available on that rocky promontory, has chiseled upon 
 its face the important event. With what patriot pride and sol- 
 emn emotion would our grateful people, whose pilgrimages to these 
 sacred grounds are annually increasing, look upon such a worthy 
 shrine of American devotion ! 
 
 Standing, a few days ago, on the same old ground once press- 
 ed by our intrepid, assaulting patriots, we were overcome by the 
 emotion of the hour. The following poem rose in beautiful si- 
 lence, but awful meaning : 
 
 " O, that the many rustling leaves, 
 Which round our homes the summer weaves, 
 Or that the stream, in whose glad voice 
 Our own familiar paths rejoice. 
 Might whisper through the starry sky 
 To tell where these blest slumberers lie ; 
 But the old woods and sounding waves 
 Are silent of those hidden gi'aves." 
 No spot on the wide field, over which the Kevolutionary 
 fathers fought, is of greater historic interest, or more deserving of 
 national fame or monumental marking, than these consecrated 
 Stony Point battle grounds ; and yet we question, prompted by 
 patriotism, that no spot of land of similar fame, has fewer visitors 
 to mourn at its shrine or plant an ivy against the rugged rocks. 
 While many do come, many more would come if the Government 
 grounds were made more intelligible and inviting. Then the 
 thousands from our cities, and the multitudes that pass by on the 
 steamers, and tens of thousands that speed by on the Expresses of 
 the great West Shore Eaiboad, would feel induced to halt for a 
 few hours and ramble among the scenes made precious by the 
 
THE FOEGOTTEN MONUMENTS OF OTJE HEEOES. 46 
 
 daring and sacrifice of our patriot dead. Children would come 
 with songs 
 
 " To bless the band, 
 Amidst whose mossy graves we stand." 
 In the absence of man's monument to the departed, the gray, 
 bald rocks like sentinels are still there. 
 
 " They saw the princely crest. 
 They saw the kingly spear. 
 The banner and the mail-clad breast 
 
 Borne down and trampled here. 
 They saw ; and glorying there they stand 
 Eternal records to the land. 
 Long — even a whole century — the bold rocks have kept intact 
 and bared the foundationfi for the projected "Wayne Monument," 
 which our tender ~and grateful Republic are to rear upon. It was 
 a matter of pride and joy that our lamented Congressman, Beach, 
 had so nearly secured the national appropriation of $25,000 for 
 its erection. We hope that his worthy successor, Hon. Henry Ba- 
 con, will, by all lawful means, fulfill the wishes of our people. 
 May we not confidently indulge in the hope that with the usher- 
 ing in of the Monumental Age this most worthy, yet hitherto un- 
 honored spot, may yet be immortalized by enduring and polished 
 granite, that the traveler passing by may remember that on yon- 
 der promontory our fathers fought for our common liberty? 
 
46 STOIiTY POIUT ILLTTSTEATED. 
 
 CHAPTEE VII. 
 
 THE TEEASON OF AENOLD. 
 BY C. B. STORY. 
 
 f OU will not fail me now ! On to the fortress, my brave 
 soldiers, you and you, on again! You know me well. 
 Such were the words that rang out amidst the din of battle, Octo- 
 ber 7, 1111. A black horse and rider are seen pushing forward 
 through the smoke and shot from a thousand guns, and Benedict 
 Arnold is carried bleeding and wounded from the field, shouting, 
 " The Battle is ours ! Saratoga-is won !" 
 
 If the shadowy curtains of life had then closed over that 
 bleeding form and some good angel borne away that heroic spirit, 
 the darkest chapter in the annals of our American Revolution 
 would never have been written. But the mystery of human 
 destiny is great, and often beyond the control of man. 
 
 In the following pages the writer will endeavor to give a 
 plain and trustworthy account of that painful event, so intimately 
 associated with the scenes around us. 
 
 Benedict Arnold was born at Norwich, Conn., on the third 
 day of January, 1Y40. His early life, like that of most boys, was 
 uneventful until his enlistment in the army, when 16 years of 
 age. In March, 1775, he was chosen the head of a body of troops. 
 He went to Cambridge, and while there proposed to go and 
 capture Ticonderoga and Crown Point. On the way he overtook 
 Ethan Allen ; and together they took the above named forts, also 
 St. John's. In the same Autumn he was put in command of 1200 
 men with instructions to ascend the Kennebec and Chandice rivers, 
 and thence to attack Quebec. He marched to the plains of Abraham, 
 
THE TREASON OF ARNOLD. 4T 
 
 but was not strong enough to be successful, even with Montgomery's 
 help. 
 
 In July, 1777, he joined the army under Schuyler, and en- 
 gaged in the battle of Saratoga, there showing that extraordinary 
 daring recorded at the beginning of this article. After this he 
 resigned his command under General Gates, came to Albany, and 
 while there, on account of his great bravery, was commissioned a 
 Major General, dated back. 
 
 His wounds being sufficiently healed, he proceeded to Valley 
 Forge, in May of the following Spring, and again joined the 
 army. Washington gave him the command of Philadelphia, 
 which city had lately been evacuated by the British. 
 
 It was during this command, that his manner of living 
 became extravagant, and his business affairs complicated. For a 
 short time he lived a wild and dissipated life, and, under appre- 
 hension of charges, resigned his command, and a Court Martial 
 soon followed, Washington reprimandiag him for his conduct. He 
 felt the injury of this keenly, and probably at this time the infa- 
 mous plot of treason began to take root in his miad. 
 
 During his command in the city, he had met with a beautiful 
 and accomplished Tory lady, to whom he joined himself in marriage. 
 His wife being an intimate friend of John Andre, Brigadier General 
 of the British army, under Sir Henry Ohnton, the way now 
 seemed opened whereby his scheme of treachery could be carried 
 out. For some time a correspondence was carried on between 
 Arnold and Clinton through the means of Andre, each of them as- 
 suming a fictitious name, and thus concealing their identity. 
 
 The treason was not long in gaining serious proportions. 
 Arnold applied to Washington for the command of West Point, 
 on the Hudson, which was then the strongest post in the 
 American lines, it being a bond between the Eastern and Middle 
 
48 
 
 STONY POIl^T ILLTJSTKATEB. 
 
 Colonies and containing the supply of ammunition for tlie whole 
 army. 
 
 Arnold took up his headquarters at the house of Beverly 
 Robinson, now known as the " Robinson House, " about two and 
 one half miles south from "West Point, on the east side of the 
 river. Everything was now in readiness for the final transactions and 
 for consummation of the plot. A personal interview only seemed 
 necessary for its completion. This was arranged to take place 
 between Andre and Arnold, Andre having been selected for the 
 purpose by Sir Henry Ohnton. 
 
 The question now presented itself, where shall the meeting 
 take place? Several places seem to have been thought of, but 
 that of Dobb's Ferry was given precedence, that being neutral 
 ground. The meeting was to take place on the night of September 
 11th. Arnold accordingly left the "Eobinson House," and pro- 
 
 BE6UJENCB OF J-Hi-SMlTH, VTTO. ■ 
 g-«'TREHSQN MQUSEa^. 
 
 ceeding down the river, crossed at King's Ferry (which at that 
 time afforded passage between Yerplanck's and Stony Point,) and 
 thence over the King's Highway toward Haverstraw. The night 
 of the 10th he spent at the house of J. H. Smith, now known 
 as the " Treason House," occupied by E. B. "Weiant, and owned 
 by B. J. Allison. The next day he pushed on to the place appoint- 
 ed for the meeting. 
 
TSSl TBBASOK OP ARNOLD. 
 
 49 
 
 The British man-of-war "Vulture" had come up the river, 
 and anchored near this place. The meeting, however, did not 
 take place as was expected, and Arnold returned to his head- 
 quarters at the Kobinson House. 
 
 He again made arrangements to meet on the night of the 
 20th, promising to. send a messenger on board the Vulture, who 
 
 STAIKWAT IN THE TREASON HOUSE. 
 
 would conduct Andre, under a flag of truce, to a place of safety 
 on shore. 
 
 In the meantime the Vulture had received orders to proceed 
 up as far as Teller's Point, nearly opposite to Haverstraw. Arnold 
 
50 8T0KY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 came down again, went to the Smith House, and engaged J. H. 
 Smith to meet Andre, and bring him on shore. Smith did as 
 directed, and in the still hours of night landed him in a lonely 
 spot at the base of the mountains, just below Haverstraw, near 
 what is known as Long Clove. Arnold was there to meet him, 
 and silently they crept away into the bushes. Hour after hour 
 passed away until Smith and his boatmen, weary of waiting, told 
 them they must leave, as it was nearing daybreak. Their plans 
 were not yet completed, so the boatmen were ordered to return, 
 and Arnold, with Andre, went up to the Smith House, there to 
 complete their secret work. While engaged in their business, 
 sitting at a table in an upper room, they were suddenly startled by 
 the booming of a cannon. Andre ran to the window, which 
 commands a full view of the river in the direction where the Vulture 
 had lain. After the iiring Andre returned to the table, and they 
 renewed their work. The Yulture dropped down the river. All 
 this, while Andre had doubtless entertained the hope of making 
 his way back to the boat from which the Smith crew had brought 
 him. Meantime, Smith saw the situation, and refused to con- 
 duct Andre back to the sloop; whereupon, the unfortunate 
 spy resolved upon a return to the British lines by land. Arnold 
 had taken his leave of him, and having furnished him with a 
 proper pass, supposed, of course, he would have no trouble to 
 return. Just before evening, on the 22d, Andre, accompanied 
 by Smith, who had loaned him a suit of his citizens' clothes, started 
 up for King's Ferry, where he crossed. They rode until nine 
 o'clock in the evening, and put up at the house of one Andrew 
 Miller. Early tlie next morning he was on his way to New York, 
 and had arrived within a few miles of the British lines, when he 
 was confronted by three men. The capture is best told in the 
 words of the men themselves. Mr. Sparks quotes them as follows : 
 
THE TKEA80K OF AKNOLD. 51 
 
 " Myeell" said Paulding, "Isaac Van Wart, and David Williams, 
 were lying by the side of the road, about half a mile above Tarry- 
 town, and about fifteen miles above Kingsbridge, on Saturday 
 morning, between nine and ten o'clock, the 23d of September. 
 We had laid there about one hour and a half, as near as I can re- 
 collect, and saw several persons we were acquainted with, whom 
 we let pass. Presently, one of the young men who was with me, 
 said, ' There comes a gentleman-like looking man, who appears to 
 be well dressed, and has boots on, and whom you had better step 
 out and stop, if you dont know him.' On that, I got up and pre- 
 sented my firelock at the breast of the person, and told him to 
 stand ; and then I asked him which way he was going. ' Gentle- 
 men,' said he, 'I hope you belong to our party.' I asked him what 
 party. He said ' The Lower Party.' Upon that, I told him I did ; 
 then he said, 'I am a British officer out in this country on partic- 
 ular business, and I hope you will not detain me a minute ;' and 
 to show that he was a British officer, he puUed out his watch ; upon 
 which I told him to dismount. He then said, ' My God ! I must 
 do anything to get along !' and seemed to make a kind of laugh 
 of it, and pulled out General Arnold's pass, which was to John 
 Anderson, to pass all guards to White Plains and below. Upon 
 this he dismounted. Said he : ' Gentlemen, you had best let me 
 go, or you wiU get yourselves into trouble, for your stopping me 
 wiU detain the General's buamess;' and said he was going to 
 Dobb's Ferry to meet a person there and get intelligence for Gen- 
 eral Arnold. Upon that I told him I hoped he would not be of- 
 fended ; that we did not mean to take anything from him ; and I 
 told him there were many bad people on the road, and I did not 
 know but perhaps he might be one." 
 
 "We took him into the bushes," said WilUams, "and ordered 
 him to pull off his clothes, whieh he did ; but on searching him 
 
52 STONT forST ILLtTSTEATED. 
 
 narrowly we could not find any sort of writings. "We told him to 
 pull off his boots, which he seemed to be indifferent about; but 
 we eot one boot off, and searched in that boot, and could find noth- 
 ing ; but we found there were some papers in the bottom of his 
 stocking, next to his foot, on which we made him pull his stock- 
 ing off, and foimd three papers wrapped up. Mr. Paulding look- 
 ed at the contents, and said he was a spy. We then made him 
 pull off his other boot, and there found three more papers at the 
 bottom of his foot, within his stocking. Upon this we made him 
 dress himself, and I asked him- what he would give us to let him 
 go. He said he would give us any sum of money. I asked him 
 whether he would give us his horse, saddle, bridle, watch and one 
 hundred guineas. He said 'yes,' and told us he would direct them 
 to any place, even if it was that very spot, so that we could get 
 them. I asked him whether he would not give us more. He said 
 he would give us any quantity of dry goods or any sum of money, 
 and bring it to any place we might pitch upon, so that we might 
 get it. Mr. Paulding answered 'No; if you would give us ten 
 thousand guineas, you should not stir one step.' I then asked the per- 
 son, who called himself John Anderson, if he would not get away 
 if it lay in his power. He answered, ' Yes ; I would.' I told him 
 I did not intend he should. While taking him along we asked 
 him a few questions, and we stopped under a shade. He begged 
 us not to ask him questions, and said when he came to any com- 
 mander he would reveal all." 
 
 The three men, with their captive, proceeded to the nearest 
 miHtary post, which was at North Castle. Colonel Jameson, the 
 commander in charge, examined the papers of the prisoner, and at 
 once pronounced him a spy. Not believing Arnold implicated in 
 the treachery, although the papers were signed by his name, he 
 immediately ordered him sent to Arnold's headquarters, which 
 
THE TREASON OF ABNOLD. 53 
 
 order, however, was countermanded by Major Tallmadge, and the 
 prisoner taken to Lower Salem. Arnold was at breakfast when 
 the news arrived that Andre had been taken prisoner. He ex- 
 cused himself without emotion, called his wife aside, and in a few 
 words told her of his danger. She fell at his feet in a swoon, but 
 without hesitation, he quickly left the scene, hurried to the river 
 where his boat was moored, and ordered his men to row him to 
 the Vulture, promising them a good allowance of whiskey for 
 their extra efforts. 
 
 "Washington had just returned from the east, and was inspect- 
 ing the works along the river when the traitor made his flight. 
 On crossing to West Point a little later in the day, Hamilton met 
 him and told him all. "Washington feared the worst, but with re- 
 markable self-possession, gave orders that every possible precau- 
 tion be taken to prevent an attack. 
 
 Instruction was given that Andre should be sent to the Uob- 
 inson House, and the next day, September 28th, he was sent from 
 there down to Tappan. Washington followed, and the next day 
 ordered a hearing of Andre's case before several general officers. 
 Their report was as follows : " That Major John Andre, Adjutant 
 General of the British army, ought to be considered as a spy from 
 the enemy ; and that, agreeably to the laws and usage of nations, 
 it is their opinion he ought to suffer death." The sentence was 
 approved by Washington, and Andre sentenced to be hanged Oc- 
 tober 2d, at 12 m., which sentence was executed at the appointed 
 hour. 
 
 Arnold accepted an office in the British army, and about 
 $50,000, for his treason. He afterward went to England, and 
 there lived out a miserable existence, " Arnold, the Traitor " hav- 
 ing become a name despised on both continents. 
 
 The treason of Arnold was a most dastardly attempt to ruin 
 
64 STONT POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 the hopes of the American army, but, on the whole, really con- 
 tributed to its fidelity and strength. 
 
 The " Treason House " still stands on yonder " Treason Hill," 
 and the record given in these pages shows its historical association. 
 
 CHAPTEK VIII. 
 
 OPEEATIONS ON THE HUDSON. 
 
 Sl^lgK. J. COE, writing to Gen. Washington under date of 
 alatyB^ " Haverstraw, July 16, 17Y6," says: 
 
 "In consequence of Your Excellency's desire to receive timely 
 information of every maneuvre which the enemy on Hudson's 
 Eiver may make, to distress the inhabitants at this extremely busy 
 season, we can inform Your Excellency that this morning, be- 
 tween the hours of ten and eleven, the whole fleet, consisting of 
 two men-of-war and three tenders, made sail from Nyack, and at 
 about twelve, came into Haverstraw Bay, forty miles up the river 
 from New York, when, after the shipping came to anchor, the 
 tenders continued parading the bay half an hour. They all came to 
 anchor opposite the house of Captain Thiers, when four barges, 
 fully manned, attempted to land with a view, as we conjecture, 
 to take oflE some sheep and cattle which we had previously driven 
 off. Notwithstanding, they brought their tenders so nigh the 
 shore as to cover the landing of the men in the barges, yet, having 
 but a few men, we savored a firm countenance to them, and with 
 a few shot, being well leveled, they thought proper to retreat, 
 without doing any damage witb th«ir cannon."' 
 
OPERATIONS ON THE HUDSON. 55 
 
 Gen. Hays, writing to Washington under date of " July 19, 
 lYY6,"said: 
 
 " The enemy now lie in Haverstraw Bay, and are using every 
 effort to land and destroy the property of the inhabitants. The 
 great extent of shore I have to guard obliges me to keep the great- 
 est part of my regiment on duty, in order to prevent their depre- 
 dations. I have received a reinforcement from Gen. Clinton, at 
 Fort Montgomery, of about 80 men, and hope when he receives 
 Your Excellency's letter he will send me further relief, as the en- 
 emy seem to direct their operations against the west shore. We 
 are in want of pOwder and ball. If I had two or three smaU can- 
 non I should have been able to have destroyed one of the cutters 
 that grounded near Stony Point, and laid there six hours." 
 
 On the "17th of July, ,1776," in a letter by Washington to 
 Congress, the following occurs : 
 
 " They were sounding the water up towards the Highlands, 
 by which, it is probable, they will attempt to pass with part of 
 their fleet, if possible." 
 
 Of the men raised for the defense of the shore. Col Hays 
 writes in a letter to his Chief as follows : 
 
 "My regiment consists of but 400 men, one-fourth of whom, 
 with eighty men sent me by Gen. Clinton, I find necessary to keep 
 on constant duty. This precinct has already raised two compa- 
 nies for the Continental service. The vicinity of the mountains, 
 being poor, is thinly inhabited, by people of small estates. This, 
 together with the great extent of shore we have to guard, is ex- 
 tremely burdensome to the people, and, I suppose, is the true rea- 
 son that has induced Captain Parker (of the British) to fix his sta- 
 tion in Haverstraw Bay." 
 
 Gen. Greene writes Gen. Washington from King's Ferry, 
 Nov. 5, 1776. In that letter he speaks of using boats to transport 
 
66 STONY POINT ILLU8TBATED. 
 
 flour from Dobb's Ferry to Peekskill, and that there were sufficient 
 troops along the shore to protect the passage of vessels up the 
 river. The King's Ferry was a prominent point. Its water front 
 was most advantageous on account of its abrupt and yet sandy 
 shore. Gen. Sterling speaks of it under date of Nov. 10, 1776. 
 He found landing on the coast (probably of Grassy Point) very 
 difficult, " as at half tide the vessels are obliged to lay at the distance 
 of five or six hundred yards from the shore, which makes tedious 
 work with the few boats that are here ; besides, it is open to any 
 insult the enemy is pleased to commit. About half a milefv/r- 
 ther north and on the north side of Stony Point, U a good land- 
 ing place in deep water, am^ easily secwred by placing two can- 
 non on the end of the point. It wiU require about half a mile of 
 new road, a short causeway and a small bridge." From the fore- 
 going description, we infer that King's Ferry was, at an earlier 
 day, lower down the river. As it was before it could not have 
 been protected by cannon ; this is one reason for its removal fur- 
 ther north. Mention is made of its being desirable to move it 
 one-half mile farther north. It may be that two landings were 
 used, and according to present appearances this was so. 
 
 The military operations in this section undoubtedly gave 
 great significance to the Ferry ; but it must also be borne in mind 
 that all communication between the opposite sides of the Hudson 
 had to be carried on by boats. The names of boats used at that 
 early date give us some idea of their construction. They were 
 barges, schooners, sloops, brigs, galleys, lighters, flat boats, pon- 
 toons, traders, etc. 
 
 In one of Gen. Heath's Orders of Nov. 17, 1776, he says : 
 " Sir, You will repair with your detachment and boats to King's 
 Ferry, where you will remain until further orders. You will order 
 your boatmen to ferry over the Hudson river all such officers and 
 
OPERATIONS ON THE HUDSON. oY 
 
 soldiers belonging to the army of the United States of America, 
 as may from time to time have orders or permission to pass the 
 river, and also all horses, wagons and baggage belonging to the 
 Army. . . You will also observe such directions as have been 
 given in charge to the officer whom you relieve." 
 
 Colonel Hays dates a letter from King's Ferry on the 25th 
 day of November, 1T76. The Colonel had a landing of his own, 
 but it was on the Minnescecongo Creek at the foot of the lane on his 
 farm, and in order to get to the Hudson by row boat must follow 
 the winding stream to its outlet at the end of the " farther neck," 
 as Grassy Point was then called. Undoubtedly many years prior 
 to the [Revolution a landing at the mouth of the Minnescecongo 
 was used for shipping purposes. It was, until the erection of the 
 N. J. & N. Y. Kailway and the West Shore Railway, the only way 
 of travel except when the river was frozen up, at which time the 
 very infrequent journeys to New York City were by private con- 
 veyance and public stage. But " Hay's landing " was also on the 
 river lower down in Haverstraw. As Gen. Lee writes to Gen. 
 Heath, Dec. 4, 1116 : 
 
 " Sir, The troops here are so distressed for rum this rainy 
 weather that I must request you'll immediately forward ten hogs- 
 heads of rum down to Colonel Hay's landing in Haverstraw." 
 
 An interesting social event took place. A vessel, under flag 
 of truce, came up in the interest of a Rev. Mr. Inglis and one 
 Mr. Moore in search of their respective famihes, who had been 
 left in the vicinity of Peekskill, but Gen. Heath, shrewd and 
 cautious, stopped the vessel just opposite our place. Row boats 
 were kept moving round the schooner all night ; and not until an 
 order reached the Greneral from the Commander-in-Chief, who was 
 then at the convention in Trenton, would the distinguished rever- 
 end and his friend be allowed to pass. 
 
58 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 The difficulties with which the brave Gen. Hawkes Hays, 
 who was defending these shores and his native homestead, were 
 surrounded, are set forth in the following quotation : " Yesterday 
 afternoon I received your oi'der to send down to Tappan 30 bar- 
 rels of flour, and to Paranius 80 barrels of flour and thirty barrels 
 of pork. I have myself, and two hands that I hired, been out all 
 night, and cannot get any teams to convey the flour to Paramus. 
 All the wagons and horses are already in the service with General 
 Lee. "We found a few ox teams, but their owners will not let them 
 go, and I have nobody here to take them away by force. I am at 
 a loss what to do. I must beg your advice in this affair. As for 
 pork, I have none. If you want beef, I can send you plenty of 
 that article. This day Captain Hyatt set out to Paramus with a 
 drove of cattle. — A. Hawkes Hay." 
 
 This natural opening of country between the Pahsade and 
 the Highlands seems, by nature, to have been fitted for an im- 
 portant arena of the great Kevolution. 
 
 All the important movements from the northern and from 
 the southern sections seem to. have moved like a mighty trail of 
 battalions for the long eight years of the bloody struggle. Mt. 
 " Thor," on the south, gazed often on the surging troops of the 
 opposing forces, on what seemed sometimes to be neutral ground ; 
 while the belching cannon of West Point, Fort Montgomery, 
 Fort Clinton, Fort Independence, Dunderburg, Verplanck and 
 Stony Point drove fear, fire and death into the ascending fleets of 
 the King. 
 
 Great military stores and ammunition were at times housed 
 and guarded between the passes of these gigantic arms of the 
 mountains which surround us. 
 
 Andre, the spy, saw our shore to covet it, but passed over 
 it for the last time on the errand to his execution at Tappan. 
 
OPERATIONS ON THE HUDSON. 59 
 
 In an order dated at Newburg, April 18, 1783, the Comman- 
 der-in-Chief uses the following beautiful language : 
 
 '• "While the General recollects the almost infinite variety of 
 scenes through which we have passed with a mixture of pleasure, 
 astonishment and gratitude ; while he contemplates the prospect 
 before us with rapture, he cannot help wishing that all the brave 
 men (of whatever condition they be) who have shared in the toils 
 and dangers of effecting this glorious revolution, of rescuing mil- 
 lions from the hand of oppression, and of laying the foundation 
 of a great empire, might be impressed with a proper idea of the 
 dignified part they have been called to act (under . the smiles of 
 Providence) on the stage of human affairs. For happy, thrice 
 happy, shall they be pronounced hereafter who have contributed 
 anything, who have performed the meanest office in erecting this 
 stupendous fabric of freedom and empire on the broad basis of 
 independency ; who have assisted in protecting the rights of hu- 
 man nature and establishing an asylum for the poor and oppressed 
 of all nations and religions." 
 
 These same shores which, in the first period of the Revolution, 
 witnessed the going out of volunteers to prescribe a dubious war, 
 were the first to hear the tramp of " veteran soldiers, covered with 
 laurels, returning from the field to their peaceful abodes." 
 
60 STONY POINT ILLUSTKATED. 
 
 CHAPTEE IX. 
 
 TRADITIONS OF THE REVOLUTION. 
 
 |HE following chapter is traditional, ajid is pubHshed as a 
 feature of the work for just what it is said to be. The 
 statements contained in the chapter are reliable, as they 
 relate to what old people have said. Their sayings are interesting 
 reading for the young, and awaken in such a taste for the study of 
 history. 
 
 There are persons still living here who heard their ancestors 
 speak of the great sufferings of the soldiers, and that citizens had 
 bound up their feet, which had become sore from excessive march- 
 ing and exposure. 
 
 Mr. Samuel Goetchius, over eighty years of age, recollects 
 hearing an old lady describe the fear the people were in during 
 those dark days. 
 
 He was acquainted, when a young man, with a Revolutionary 
 soldier by the name of Frank Sayres, and says that he lived with 
 his son, Abraham Sayres. He knew another man by name of 
 Capt. Wm. Conklin. His wife survived him, and lived for many 
 years where Jas. Keesler now resides. She drew a pension during 
 her widowhood. She often spoke of having been driven into the 
 woods for the protection of herself and her five children. She 
 lies buried opposite the Potter's field on the Lowland Hill. 
 
 The grandfather of Samuel Goetchius was about eighteen 
 years old during the war, and drove team in the Revolution. This 
 
TRADITIONS OP THE BEVOLITTION. 61 
 
 same' Man relates that lie was well acquainted with Aunt Polly 
 James, who lived near " Buckleburgh." She heard the firing of 
 the fort, and visited the grounds afterwards. She related that the 
 Americans, on capturing the place at night, turned the guns upon 
 the enemy, whose ships were anchored off Yerplancks. 
 
 Tradition says that a few days before the final assault of the 
 fort, detailed soldiers went about from house to house and des- 
 troyed the dogs, so as to compel the utmost secrecy and quietness, 
 in view of the expected surprise. 
 
 The place known as " Criekettown " had a resident family 
 who was visited by a squad of soldiers and asked to deliver up 
 their dog on the evening before the assault. 
 
 Gr. B. Weiant, sixty-five years of age, distinctly recollects 
 when young helping to pull down the old John Crom House, 
 which stood immediately south of the "Washington Tree. Though 
 probably an inferior house, yet it was important enough to be 
 marked on the map made by an engineer in the Kevolution. 
 
 Several previous histories have made allusion to the large 
 walnut tree under which it is said Washington halted his troops 
 during a march over the King's Highway, and that he had here 
 made a payment to his men. That the tree as shown in our cut 
 is the same tree that stood there then there is no reason to doubt. 
 We have known trees in our youth that were very large and had 
 very ancient records as monuments of land surveys. Pear trees 
 have been known to attain the age of two hundred years. Many 
 of the forest trees on our native hills would have marked two 
 centuries if not cruelly cut down by the axe of the lumberman. 
 
 The walnut tree we are writing of was formerly surrounded 
 by a small grove of the same species. A mammoth one was cut 
 down some years ago. Its logs were drawn to Esquire Beebe's 
 saw mill, which was located near John A. Bulson's store, and con- 
 
62 
 
 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
TEADITIONS OF THE REVOLUTION. fi3 
 
 verted into lumber for the manufacture of gun stocks, canes and 
 altar rails. The chancel rail now used in St. George's M. E. 
 Church is said to have been worked out of the above-named lum- 
 ber. 
 
 Major Adam Lilburn, a man of large estate and unusual pub- 
 lic spirit, has recently expended a considerable amount of labor 
 on the grounds surrounding the Washington Tree. The old mea- 
 dow has undergone thorough renovation, the soil cleared of stone, 
 uneven places leveled, all trees, except the " sacred" one, removed. 
 A strong wall encloses the lot along the highway. The farm im- 
 mediately in front of the Treason House was once the possession 
 of Colonel Hawkes Hay, an officer of great distinction in the 
 military operations along the shores of the Hudson. 
 
 The veritable " lane " running easterly to the landing on the 
 bank of the Minnescecongo Creek is still kept intact. We have 
 often driven over the very drive. A stone wall closes the entrance 
 now. 
 
 The Treason House, as originally built, was a square stone 
 building, rather well built. The father of the Smiths was Wm. 
 Smith, a judge of the courts. They were a family of somewhat 
 aristocratic notions, and were not particularly popular as neigh- 
 bors. Feuds were avoided, but during the dark days of the Rev- 
 olution they were not in active sympathy with the cause of Amer- 
 ican Independence. The residence of Joseph Hette Smith, on 
 account of the meeting there of Arnold aiid Andre, has gone into 
 history under the title of the " Treason House." It is owned by 
 B. J. Allison, and is occupied as a summer boarding house by the 
 painter and grainer, E. B. Weiant. 
 
 Flora Falls, whose clear waters pour over the red bank oppo- 
 site the homestead of Mr. B. J. Allison, were originally named 
 Floras Falls, from the incident of their source on the farm of 
 
64 
 
 STOUT Point illustrated. 
 
 E-" 
 'A 
 O 
 
 -0 
 
 ca 
 
 g 
 
 Floras Crown. The village of Stony Point was known as Flora 
 Falls. It long went by the name of Knight's Comer, on account 
 of the store kept here formerly by Wm. Knight. 
 
 Formerly our town was embraced in the Land Patent ob- 
 tained by grant from Phillip Oarterett, Esq., who was in 1664 one 
 
TRADITIONS OP THE EEVOLTJTIOII. 65 
 
 of the owners of " 'New Oesarea," as New Jersey was then called. 
 The title for this portion of the grant was secured by Beltazar De 
 Hart. 
 
 Some curious names then existed, of which the following are 
 samples : Caquuaney, Newasiuk, Menisakcungu, Averstraw, Tan- 
 dakah, Aquamek and Haverstroo. 
 
 Fifty years ago there stood a pretentious house on the bluff 
 near the low point of land in the neighborhood of the Diamond 
 Brick Yards, at which point the Minnescecongo Creek runs very 
 - close to the Hudson, as though it once sought an outlet at that 
 point. This mansion, which had few superiors on the Hudson, 
 was known as " Kosa ViUa," on account of the profusion of flow- 
 ers growing about the house. The next house of note was that 
 built by Dr. Proudfoot at Grassy Point landing in 1830, although 
 an earlier one had been erected by the Dennings. All these houses 
 were well built for their day. The one now occupied by Thomas 
 Dinan is a fair specimen, having been then erected. It is engraved 
 for this volume. 
 
 The cqlored man, Pompey, whom the traditions honor with 
 the great feat of having led the vanguard of "Wayne's men to the 
 enemy's picket, must have widened out considerably on that occa^ 
 sion to have been able to serve as a personal guide to three attack- 
 ing columns at one time. The wonderful story of the achieve- 
 ment of the great Pompey has never grown less, but with each 
 repetition it seems that new lustre has been added. Very clever 
 traditions say he was put in command of a company of infantry, 
 and was splendidly uniformed, by way of special distinction. It 
 is said that while Pompey was chatting with the British sentinel, 
 the latter was suddenly seized by the men whom the guide had 
 brought with him. This may or may not be the order of things ; 
 but would it not be more in keeping with the circumstances to say 
 
66 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 that Pompey's chief services on the occasion were in the fact of 
 his having, by special agreement, procured the countersign for the 
 Americans on the evening of the attack. This was one of the 
 chief purposes of the reconnoitre in the early part of the night — 
 and for which purpose other guides had been secured — while the 
 troops were halting at Springsteels, from which place Wayne wrote 
 his brother-in-law just "before the columns moved forward." Up 
 to this hour, 11 o'clock p. m., 16th July, few, if any, of the hundreds 
 of privates of Wayne's army had been apprised of the work before 
 them. Every citizen in the vicinity of Stony Point had been se- 
 cured, either as a guide to lead the " twenty picked men," or put 
 under guard to prevent their desertion to the enemy. We ven- 
 ture the opinion that Pompey did little effective service beyond 
 giving the password for that night, and that on the discharge of 
 the first gun, and that, too, on the outside of the first row of 
 abatis, Pompey retired with accelerated speed. . 
 
 According to an English plan of the garrison, there were seven 
 picket stations, perched on as many hills, on the outside of the 
 first row of abatis. It is natural to suppose that if the works were 
 so "formidable," that a perfect hne of pickets extended all the 
 way round the grounds lying east of the morass which surrounds 
 the entire promontory, from the King's Koad, which crosses the 
 "Mud Bridge" near the ascent of hill, as one would go up toward 
 Dr. N. Garrison's. The entire grounds of the promontory, as 
 clearly described by our accompanying map, are fully a half mile 
 in length, and according to all traditions it was at this "Mud 
 Bridge" that some portion of Wayne's men crossed. When the 
 tide is at flood, especially at very high tide, the marsh is entirely 
 overflowed, making the promontory Hterally an island, though the 
 marsh is fast becoming a peaty meadow. 
 
TEADITIONS OF THE EEVOLUTION. 67 
 
 Mr. John Ten Eyck, who lives on the adjoining high grounds, 
 says he has many times rowed a boat aronnd the point. 
 
 If Pompey was the slave of Mr. Lamb, whose residence at 
 that time stood on the high ground which formerly extended out 
 as far as the locality of the present store of D. Tompkins & Sons, 
 it would be natural to suppose that, in mating his market visits to 
 the British garrison, he would take the causeway leading directly 
 from his "massa's" house to the foot of the hill, where the first 
 abatis cornered. The first line of abatis, according to the map, 
 was about in the neighborhood of the residence of Miles Duffney, 
 or a little to the east of this house. The troops themselves needed 
 this causeway to get to their " Day Picket " this side the morass. 
 (See map). If the right column, before which Wayne says he had 
 placed himself, " did not cross over this causeway, they were as 
 likely to have come along and descended " the eastern slope of the 
 high ground, north of the "Green House," now occupied by 
 Charles Casseles, and to have waded the narrow part of the marsh 
 on the west side of the present West Shore Railroad, as to have 
 forded the Bay, as indicated by the dotted lines on the King's map. 
 Tradition says they passed immediately north of, and close by, 
 DufEney's house. For Wayne to have passed the first, and to have 
 been wounded while passing the second abatis, we cannot see that 
 any other route was feasible. The enemy may have made a mis- 
 take as to the exact spot where the Americans ascended, as the 
 column was spread, immediately after its entrance, through the 
 opening made by the twenty picked men who preceded them. 
 Such was the general excitement all along the line, from the ex- 
 treme north side of the hill, where Major Stewart was at work, to 
 the front, (that is the west) where Major Murf ey was " amusing 
 them," round the south side or " right flank," where Col. Fleury 
 was advancing through the abatis, that it might be fair to assume 
 
68 STONT POINT ILLtrSTEATED. 
 
 that the rush of men, who forced their way, at the point of the 
 bayonet, through every obstacle, both columns meeting in the cen- 
 ter of the enemy's works nearly at the same instant, left it a mat- 
 ter of much uncertainty as to the precise spot where the right and 
 left columns met in the " center of the enemy's works." The 
 map, showing the abatis and position of the troops, was, no doubt, 
 drawn at the leisure of the British Engineer before the assault, 
 and was tolerably correct, though found to be otherwise by a care- 
 ful survey of the point, by Prof. L. Wilson, who took advantage 
 of the ice on the river in getting his bearings. According to the 
 British outlines of "Wayne's assault, the Americans simply sur- 
 rounded the hill, but Wayne's account of it makes him pass 
 through the two rows of abatis, and that the men gained the works 
 " in the face of a most tremendous fire of musketry," and " can- 
 non loaded with grape shot." 
 
 Tradition says the dead were buried about in the locality in 
 which they fell. The burial plot pointed out is near the comer of 
 the outer abatis, on the south side of the hill. It is a remarkable 
 fact, too, that the cannon were mainly located and pointed in this 
 direction. Here was the "8-inch Howitzer," the "24" and "18- 
 pounder ship guns," one "iron 12-pounder," also the short "brass 
 12-pounder," which covered the lower corner of the first abatis, 
 and according to all this array of cannon, the center of the 
 British works must have been considerably west of the present 
 site of the lighthouse, which would comport very well with 
 Wayne's description of the surprise. Besides all this, the capture 
 occurred at midnight — too dark for close observation as to the 
 directions the Americans came and spread. 
 
 It is barely possible, too, that the King's geographer did not 
 like to give too minute a description so early as March 1st, 1V81. 
 Things were a little unsettled yet at that time; 
 
TEADITIONS OF THE BEVOLUTION. 69 
 
 Tradition speaks of iron and wooden pins being found in the 
 eartli at the causeway in and about the locality we have been des- 
 cribing, and that a certain teamster, many years ago, got his team 
 entangled and seriously injured by getting them in contact with 
 these old abatis. 
 
 The balls forming an initial letter in this volume were found 
 by Mr. Watson Tompkins in the vicinity where the above directed 
 cannon could easily have lodged them. The missiles had been 
 deeply imbedded in the clay. It is the only occasion we call up 
 when guns on the redoubts above indicated did any execution in 
 the direction named. Mr. B. J. Allison has balls that were 
 found on the high ground back of his house. This spot is in the 
 direction the cannon pointed. Tradition says that the next day the 
 ground was strewed with the dead. About one hundred lives were 
 lost in the aggregate. Undoubtedly they all sleep on the promon- 
 tory somewhere. It is but a few years ago that Jacob Rose, father 
 of Isaac Rose, lived to relate the scene of the slain as he witnessed 
 them. He was at that time about twelve years of age, and accom- 
 panied his father to the battle ground on the day following the 
 assault, and carried away a musket, hiding it under a log for sub- 
 sequent use in the defense of his country. Mr. Jas. Knapp, of 
 "Western New York, remembers hearing his grandmother say that 
 she visited the camp to minister to the wounded the day following 
 the surrender. She spoke of the fine personal appearance of many 
 of the slain British. The British map speaks of sixty loyal Amer- 
 icans having been stationed at No. 3. That breastwork lies 
 nearest the point where the victorious Americans met in the " en- 
 emy's works." It is altogether Hkely that many of these " loyal" 
 ones were among the unfortunate captives, and that the min- 
 istrations alluded to were to relatives of the people now living 
 here. Before the Revolution, the Colonists who were unmindful 
 
To STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 of King James' orders, and were not willing to be taxed without 
 having some voice in the matter, were called " Rebels." Those 
 same persons afterwards became the true Americans, and the " loy- 
 al " ones became the " Tories " or " Rebels." It was according to 
 the teachings of the early ministers, Whitefield, Wesley and other 
 pioneers, that prayers should be oflEered for the King. Not to be 
 loyal was to be a rebel against the King. So matters stood. It was 
 brother against brother. It is even at this late day unkind and 
 unprincipled to make allusion to families that were " Tories," as 
 though it had been an unmanly principle to be loyal, and yet, such 
 was the sudden crystalization of society into true Americanism, 
 that before the departure of the first generation after the Revolu- 
 tion the odium of having been a Loyalist no longer attached to 
 citizenship, on account of the mere incident of birthright and edu- 
 cation, which to this day account for nearly all political and denom- 
 inational differences. It requires superior intelligence and moral 
 principle to elevate one's self above these mere incidents of life, 
 and every person of good principle will cheerfully forgive all 
 unpatriotic conduct of our forefathers relating to the Revolution. 
 
 Around the immortal rocky island of Stony Point Redoubt, 
 more than a century ago, sailed the fleets of our patriot fathers as 
 they bore up under the shadows of " Dunderberg " and hid among 
 the peaks of the Highland range. These picturesque and classic 
 views were the pecuhar charm of all the American soldiery of the 
 .past. Among the modern warriors none expressed more admira. 
 tion of our Grand Military Garrison than Generals Kilpatrick and 
 U. S. Grant. The former was more than typified by Mad An- 
 thony Wayne, the latter by the immortal Washington. How ten- 
 . der the nation's regard that these cherished warriors should sleep 
 on the banks of the Revolutionary Hudson ! 
 
 Montaigne's verses on retirement are appropriate : 
 
TEADITIONS OF THE EEVOLUTION. 71 
 
 " May Tiber's walls, the Argean Seat, 
 Afford my age a calm retreat ! 
 Tliere worn with joumeyiags, wars and seas. 
 May I enjoy unenvied ease." 
 
 General Judson Kilpatrick was a native of Deckertown, 
 N. J., and was for some time neighbor to the writer. A hand- 
 some farm on which the General lived before the Kebellion, and 
 to which he retired at its close, is still known as the Kilpatrick 
 Farm. The remains of the General were brought from Chili 
 (where he died in the Government service) during the month of 
 October, 1887, and buried in the Soldiers' Cemetery, West Point. 
 The pall bearers, honored with the tender trust of bearing the 
 body at the burial, were Sergeants Jas. O'Niel, T. Murphy, J. H. 
 Hooker, J. Bayle, James McAuliffe and Corporal J. E. Leonard. 
 From the station to the grave the body was borne on a caisson 
 drawn by six horses. Several Grand Army Posts and a number 
 of distinguished civic and military persons attended. Three vol- 
 leys were fired over his grave by a battahon of soldiers. 
 
 His bold and noble form will no more pass by with its accus- 
 tomed military salute before these sacred grounds of Anthony 
 Wayne, whom he loved to emulate. 
 
 He was buried with the honors and ritual of the Grand Army 
 of the Kepublic, and_^afterwards the Catholic priest pronounced 
 the burial service of the Roman Cathohc Church, in honor, pro- 
 bably, of the lamented General's wife, who was a Spanish Ca- 
 tholic. The great chief himself, we regret to record, was not reli- 
 gious, yet a braver man nor more loyal soldier never entered the 
 field or drew sabre. 
 
 A touching incident concerning the old " charger " which the 
 General rode while in the army we cheerfully and tenderly place 
 among these military mementoes. The animal, a spotted saddle 
 
Y2 STONY POINT ILLtJSTBATED. 
 
 horse, was brought back by the General, and was occasionally rode 
 on special military parades. The animal had become blind, and 
 was nearly deaf, but when the band of music struck up the old 
 war tunes and national airs, the gallant steed would prance in the 
 field of pasture and run as if to prepare for battle. AU the old 
 fire and speed would start up in his eye and hmb. 
 
 He was a great favorite with the military fraternity, who, 
 among the numerous visitors, enjoyed the royal hospitalities of the 
 great soldier. At the grand re-union of military organizations on 
 the General's farm about the summer of 1880, it was planned for 
 <& sham battle. The General, mounted upon old " Spot," rode 
 before the lines of the advancing columns, and with his aids as- 
 cended an eminence. The illustrious charger stood in the proud 
 attitude of his former glory. It was a sight to bring tears to the 
 eyes of many an old veteran who had seen this ubiquitous horse 
 and his rider on " The March to the Sea." 
 
 JACOB EOSE. 
 
 Jacob Kose was born March ith, ITtO, the year the Treason 
 House was built. His death is recorded in the Kockland County 
 Messenger of the date of March 4th, 1859. His father's name was 
 Jacob, his mother's name was Anne. They were Hollanders. Ex- 
 tensive tracts of land were bought by them at $2.50 and $5.00 
 per acre. He was a sailor. He was but ten years of age at the 
 time of the capture of Stony Point, though the exact year of his 
 birth is not known, which leaves the bare possibility of his having 
 been more than ten years old when he visited the grounds the next 
 day after the battle ; but having lived all his life near the Point, 
 and having many times served as a guide to hundreds of visitors, 
 and on many important public occasions related the incidents of 
 the time and place, it is perfectly safe to say that the statements 
 given by his son Isaac are authentic. His residence with his 
 
TRADITIONS OF THE EEVOLTJTION. 73 
 
 father, Jacob, was near the locality where L. Termansen, the dec- 
 orator's new cottage stands. The family of Mr. Eose distinctly 
 heard the cannonading on the memorable night, as did also many 
 of the neighbors. The father of Jacob Eose was, at that time, in 
 the American army, but not in the engagement here ; so that the 
 current story that the son accompanied his father to the battle 
 scene the next morning is not correct. He was accompanied by a 
 number of citizens, for many of the men and women, hearing of 
 the great American victory, ran over the next morning and on the 
 succeeding day, to see the sight, the captured stores, examine the 
 garrison, and witness the burial of the dead. There were many 
 wounded men to be cared for. Friends ministered to these by 
 furnishing delicacies to them. Water from the spring at the 
 foot of the hill near the marsh, on the south side of the promon- 
 tory, was the "balm" for the gun-shot wounds. The writer was 
 for many days an assistant in the ambulance corps at Gettysburg, 
 and poured many scores of canteens of pure water on the wounds 
 of unfortunate soldiers. None but those who have witnessed sim- 
 ilar scenes can imagine the picture of wounded and dying soldiers 
 after a day's slaughter in battle. 
 
 Child-like, the patriot boy picked up a gun, but on going fur 
 ther on, saw another which he thought was finer; so, dropping the 
 first, he selected this second one, but on still further strolling, he 
 saw a third one, which pleased him still better, and with which he 
 retired to his mountain home, and for fear of detection, concealed 
 the weapon in a hollow log in the woods nearjiis home. 
 
 At the close of the war he handled his valuable find with 
 less fear of molestation, and when, in course of time, his father 
 sold the weapon for $12, the boy's heart was broken. Many times 
 $12 would doubtless not tempt Capt. Isaac Eose to give up the 
 relic if its possession could be regained. 
 
Y4 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 The testimony of tlie old man was that the garrison of the 
 British extended west from the lighthouse as far as the high 
 point next to the "West Shore Kailroad. Here were encamped two 
 companies of the King's Grenadiers. These were the picked sol- 
 diers of uniformly large size, and when confronting the foe, pre- 
 sented a most formidable body of infantry. They were dressed 
 in red coats with silver buttons. The buttons were as large as 
 the knobs used on the horns of cattle to prevent their goring. 
 
 The aged man was invited at the time of the founding of the 
 projected Wayne Monument to assist in the location of the spot 
 which was to represent the center of the garrison. According to 
 our map this foundation (traces of which are still visible) was on 
 an eminence in about the center of the enemy's works, and close 
 by, but inside the second row of abatis, the spot most likely, 
 where the British " Standard " which Colonel Fleury struck with 
 his hand was erected. How appropriate that the monument of 
 "Wayne, when erected, should be built on this very spot where the 
 British Standard floated on that memorable July night. 
 
 The father of our sketch and traditional young hero was, at 
 the time of the storming of our Fort, in another portion of the 
 Continental Army, but had at some earlier period, most probably, 
 come home on a furlough. It was at the time of this visit with 
 his family, and probably having come home to assist in gathering 
 the crops, concerning the loss of which Colonel Hays says there 
 was great complaint, that the tragedy of his hanging was so nearly 
 completed. Scouts from the British camp having found him, 
 threatened his death unless he would divulge the whereabouts of 
 a portion of the American Army that were then encamped in the 
 vicinity of " Thiell's Mill." The noose of the rope had been fas- 
 tened about his neck ; only the cries and entreaties of his family 
 caused the red-coats to desist. 
 
TEADITIONS OF THE EEVOLUTION. T5 
 
 CATHAEINE DAVIS. 
 
 Catherine Davis, aged 85, widow of Wm. B. Davis and aunt 
 of Mrs. James W. Fowler, says that her mother-in-law, Mary Da- 
 vis, then living in Connecticut, often related to her incidents which 
 she knew to be true concerning the war. She says the name of 
 the colored man was Jack instead of Pompey, and that he was 
 a slave in the family of Matthew Benson, a relative of Mr. E. 
 B. Marks. The colored man farmed for Mr. Benson. 
 
 One day " Jack " was invited to dine with the American 
 Generals. He said to his mistress afterwards, " If I could have 
 had that dinner by myself I would have enjoyed it, but I did not 
 like to dine before so many distinguished men." 
 
 One time he rode up to the house of Mrs. Benson, and sitting 
 braced up in the saddle of his fine horse, said, in a very pompous 
 way, " Marsa Missa, I wish I war de only man now liben about 
 here." Said Mrs. Benson, " Then what would you do. Jack ?" 
 " Why, Missey, you see I go round on dis hoss and sell the land." 
 " But," interrupted the lady, " who would you sell it to if you 
 were the only citizen ?" Jack had not thought of that important 
 part of the land scheme. 
 
 Mrs. Maria Polhemus, 13 Prospect Place, N. Y. City, fur- 
 nished items of interest. Her ancestors were among the first 
 settlers, and related many incidents concerning the French and 
 Indian War. The traditions of the Kevolution which have come 
 down through her mother's family are quite valuable. She says 
 Jas. Lamb was her grandfather, and that the colored man was the 
 slave of that family. He was sent each day ostensibly to sell veg- 
 etables to the British garrison, but that the real purpose was to 
 obtain information as to the most f easable points of attack, the 
 route, etc. It was this negro who piloted Gen. Wayne up the 
 path that led to the enemy's works. 
 
Y6 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 The women of the Revolution deserve honorable mention. 
 The Fort next above us (Clinton) witnessed one of the most ex- 
 traordinary scenes ever transacted on the Hudson. It was the case 
 of Deborah Sampson, of Penn. On the enh'stment of her husband 
 in the army commanded by Brigadier-General Irvine, she left her 
 home and joined her husband in camp and on the field of war. 
 
 At the assault on Fort CHnton in 177T she seized up the port 
 fire which her frightened husband had dropped, and fired the last 
 cannon before the garrison was seized by the enemy. 
 
 The graphic photo-engraving from the sketch of the master- 
 artist, Kelly, which gave Captain Molly, as she is known in his- 
 tory, the great and signal courage of taking the place of her hus- 
 band, who fell at his post at Monmouth, has given a glory to her 
 military life which will commemorate her deeds for all time. She 
 handled the rammer, which was left in the cannon's mouth by 
 her stricken husband, and cried with the voice of a true heroine, 
 calling loudly for vengeance on the murderers of her husband. 
 
 At subsequent promotions in the great gifts of the noble- 
 hearted Commander-in-Chief, she was breveted and commissioned 
 by way of recognition of her unusual and great bravery. 
 
 She was a regular pensioner on the roll of Revolutionary sol- 
 diers, and, it is said, received half pay for fife. She died near 
 Highland Falls, Orange Co. 
 
 Wm. E. Garrison, born at Fort Montgomery, April 8, 1818, 
 and a life-long resident of our town, is the authority for the fol- 
 lowing bit of tradition. He was acquainted with a man by the 
 name of Henry Beele, who helped in making the gallant assault 
 on the Fort. He relates that he told him that the attack was 
 made at midm'ght, and that seventy-two English were killed. His 
 grandfather, Wm. House, now dead sixty years, said the same, 
 and also that the American forces numbered 400 and the British 
 
TRADITIONS OP THE EEVOLTTTION. 
 
 77 
 
 600. He also stated the location of Sandy Beach as being one 
 mile above Fort Montgomery, that being the point from which 
 Wayne started at noon on the day preceding the attack. He has 
 plowed the ground along this Beach many times, and claims to 
 have found a silver button, which probably had been lost there by 
 the English. He was also acquainted with John James, of Fort 
 Montgomery, grandfather to Mrs. Jacob Kose, and with Billy 
 Parr, of Highland Falls, a farmer, and uncle to Kichard Cronk. 
 
 CHAPTEE X. 
 
 BELICS. 
 
 NE of the most interesting rehcs found in the 
 vicinity of the battle ground is an empty bomb- 
 shell, whose engraving forms the initial de- 
 sign at the head of this paragraph. It was 
 found in the sand when the laborers were digging 
 the foundations for the store of the Tompkins' Cove Lime Co. It 
 is still in a fine state of preservation. For forty years or more it 
 has lain about the store to have its record repeated and its his- 
 tory discussed. The weight of the missile is 42^ pounds, its dia- 
 meter being 8 inches. The thickness of the shell is IJ- inches, and 
 it has an opening the size of an inch auger. During all its his- 
 tory ia the store it has contained some article which rattled on 
 moving the ball. Assisted by Mr. W. T. Searing, we fished out 
 
IS 
 
 STOMY PoWT iLLtJSTteATED. 
 
 the article, and found it to be a pine stopper with a hole running 
 through it one-third of an inch in size. This was undoubtedly 
 the fuse stopper of the bomb, which, with it, was fired from a 
 vessel, or possibly the Point itself. A large cannon ball was also 
 for many years in the possession of the family of Mr. Searing's 
 father. One day, in the absence of Mr. Searing, the junior Sear- 
 ing sold the ball to the junk man for old iron. Curiously, the 
 missile was coyered with sole leather, probably to make it fit the 
 cannon more perfectly. Suffice it to say, the junk man wasn't 
 going to pay for old leather, nor was the young merchant, already 
 showing pure business integrity, willing he should. The jack 
 knife made a clean job of it to suit both parties. 
 
 ISrOTHEE rehc is here presented. The 
 wood from which it was made was taken 
 from an immense willow which stands at 
 the edge of the river near the old dock of 
 King's Ferry. It stands on the very 
 ground over which Colonel Stewart's men 
 marched as they filed round the north side 
 of the hill on the night of the assault. 
 The nippers were carved by the ingenious 
 D. Keesler, our town artist and painter 
 and photographed and engraved by the Photo Engraving Co., 
 New York, who did all the engraving for this book from photo- 
 graphs made by Geo. O. Bedford, Haverstraw, N. Y. 
 
 Among the many visitors to these noted places was Wm. H. 
 Seward, who cut a stick from the Washington Tree from which 
 to make a cane. Bits of bark and twigs of the tree have gone to 
 all portions of the country, and adorn the cabinets of many curi- 
 osity hunters. 
 
RELICS. 
 
 79 
 
 Y tlie courtesy of Mr. "Watson Tompkins, we 
 have this cut which represents the photo- 
 graph of an axe found on the site of the 
 old Magazine of the Garrison by Eos 
 well McElroy while in the employ of Mr. 
 Tompkins. The letters "C A" are 
 stamped on its side, leaving no doubt that 
 the tool was the property of the Continental Army. 
 
 Kelic hunters, before going to the battle ground, would do 
 well to study our comprehensive map of the hill. It is one of 
 the most interesting studies in connection with the Revolution. 
 Though much of the ground on the north and west has since 
 been under the cultivation of the plow, yet the rocky eminences 
 are intact, and present the same contour as when the cannon 
 boomed across their rugged brows. 
 
 THE mantle here shown is the 
 veritable one around which the 
 Smith family circle was often 
 formed. Here, it is said, Aaron 
 Burr read law when a young man. 
 He was but nineteen years old 
 at the commencement of the Eev- 
 olution, and twentv-four when 
 the scenes were enacted in the 
 Treason House which gave it its 
 great historic significance. The 
 mantle is white marble and of 
 English design, having been imported. The scrawl made by a 
 
80 STOlifT Pomi iLLtlSTteATED. 
 
 sharp pointed instrument on tlie shelf of the mantle, in the tradi- 
 tion, is said to be an attempt at writing the name " Burr." The 
 letters " B " and " u " are quite distinct, but the following two have 
 more the appearance of " 11," and if intended for " rr," are poor 
 imitations of those letters. It is altogether possible the writing 
 was done by Burr, but of the certainty no one can say. 
 
 On the memorable spot of the old Fort of Stony Point the 
 Government erected a Lighthouse in the year 1826. The sounds 
 of its doleful fog bell often mingle with the music of the distant 
 church bells. This light is one of the most approved, and serves 
 as a guide to the hundreds of vessels that pass nightly round the 
 jutting rock of the promontory on which it stands. 
 
 It marks the spot where the British map says the " tempor- 
 ary Magazine " was erected. 
 
 The following relics have been found by the keepers of 
 the Lighthouse, the family of Alax Eose, deceased, viz. : cannon 
 ball, grape shot, bullets, chain, etc. They may be seen at the 
 Museums of West Point and Washington's Headquarters, New- 
 burg. It was a simple oversight that a cabinet of the relics found 
 on the ground was not collected. Three hundred persons an- 
 nualy visit these grounds. _ For thirty-four years the present fam- 
 ily have been in charge of this important Government trust. 
 
 The name " Bucklebergh " is derived from the incident of 
 couphng teams at the time when cannon were drawn over the 
 mountain of the Highlands, which is locally known as " Buclde- 
 bergh" mountain. 
 
 Mr. A. D. Marks speaks of finding an ancient door lock in 
 one of the closets of the Treason House. Its size was 6x15 
 inches and 2 inches thick, of solid oak, containing an iron bolt 
 and having an iron key about 8 inches long. It was, no doubtj 
 one of the first locks used in the old Smith House before the 
 Bevolution. 
 
RELICS. 81 
 
 HE dagger initial " T " is an interesting 
 relic. Its authenticity cannot be questioned, as 
 it bears on tbe guard tbe stamp of the Amer- 
 ican Eagle. The arrow heads so finely engraved 
 and added to the above letter speak of a race 
 who consumed themselves by war. The dagger 
 is 19 inches long, and including the handle, is 
 25 inches. The blade is corrugated. Its hilt is 
 brass. The relics are the property of "W. 
 Tompkins. 
 
 The dagger was found by Mr. Lansing Hoyt under the floor 
 of an old barn which stood neer the site where Mr. J. B. Hastings' 
 store and residence now stand. Mr. Hoyt sold the weapon to 
 Mr. "Watson Tompkins, who kindly ordered it photographed for 
 our use. 
 
 Enos Jersey found the " Clay dog " shown in our engrav- 
 ing, in the year 1881, while in the employ of G. G. Allison on 
 the Conger Property, Grassy Point. There were two others 
 found ; the one was 4 ft. 2 inches long by 2 J inches wide and 3 J 
 inches thick ; the other was in the shape of a butcher's chopper. 
 While they are of the exact material of the clay, they are at the 
 same time of the hardness of sandstone. 
 
 Isaac Jersey, uncle to Enos Jersey, has in his possession a 
 rifle which the great grandfather of the latter carried in the Eev- 
 olution, and was also used by Enos' grandfather (Peter Jersey) 
 in the War of 1812. 
 
 Mr. Enos Jersey also has a relic which he values. It is a 
 short deer horn which was taken from a deer shot by Peter Jer- 
 sey one hundred and eight years ago on South Mountain. 
 
83 SToisrr point illttsteated. 
 
 ONG years ago, while the teams of the Tompkins family 
 
 were breaking up the ground on the areable parts and 
 
 north side of the hill on Stony Point, the plow turned 
 
 up old terraced grounds, which revealed traces ot an 
 
 old encampment. The balls composing our 
 
 initial letter are among the collection of W. 
 
 Tompkins' cabinet. 
 
 The Revolutionary house, whose engraving we have secured 
 from a pencil sketch drawn by Mr. Allison, the deceased son-in- 
 law of W. Tompkins, was known as the Tobias Waldron Residence. 
 This, with the King's Ferry House and the one whose framing 
 timbers have entered into the house and barn of Wm. H. Rose, 
 were known as in existence in the early days of the Revolution. 
 
 Among the cannon balls of our " L " initial is one, a 
 nine pounder, which was also found by Mr. Hoyt. He was 
 plowing the garden near his house, and turned up the ball from a 
 depth of 10 inches. The ball was undoubtedly lodged there by 
 being discharged from the English cannon on Stony Point. The 
 cannon employed there were principally ranged in the direction of 
 Mr. Hoyt's place, and could easily have sent a ball across the hill 
 or " ridge " back of Mr. Hoyt's house and intervening the house 
 and Fort. There were nine cannon stationed in the various para- 
 pets of the Garrison. 
 
 " Kossets " Cove is probably the old name known for the 
 beach, which extends from the store of R. B. Stalter to the Point. 
 In the locality south-west of the stable of Allison, Wood & Alli- 
 son, and under the grade of the West Shore Rail Road, is a fa- 
 mous spring which very anciently bore the name of " Kossets 
 Spring," from the incident of an old Indian's residence there. 
 
 Mr. L. Hoyt showed us a sword that was carried in the War 
 
fiELlOS. 83 
 
 of 1812 by Captain Aaron Decamp, the grandfather of Mrs. Lan- 
 sing Hoyt. It was also nsed by Captain John M. Decamp when 
 he was Captain of the militia. 
 
 Margaret Springstead, aged 93, of sonnd mind and remark- 
 able memory, furnished the following items of Revolutionary 
 data. Her father was Lawrence Higgins ; her mother was Mar- 
 garet Scott. She is the mother of Mrs. Abram Rose. 
 
 She remembers when a girl hearing many of the old people 
 speak of the war. Robert Allison, an aged man, was a shoemaker, 
 and went from house to house, as was the custom of the day, to 
 make up the shoes for the famihes in the community. It was 
 while he was staying at her father's that she heard him describe 
 the taking of Stony Point. That he was in that portion of the 
 army that passed over at the Mud Bridge. She also learned that 
 the troops which had come up to the " Springsteel " House had 
 come from Fort Montgomery, and that he was with the army on 
 that march. Allison told her that at the " Springsteel " house the 
 men sewed white muslin and paper on their hats that they might 
 be distinguished from the enemy in the engagement that night. 
 This "white cockade" was ordered by General Washington in his 
 " Orders to "Wayne." She said the name of the Springsteel at 
 whose house Wayne stopped and took supper was David, and that 
 he was an old man before he married and that he afterwards mar- 
 ried a young lady. 
 
 She said the place where the men rested at Springsteel's was 
 now known as Adam's Meadow, and that Paul Rose now Hved 
 there. It was very commonly talked in her girlhood days that 
 when the British General was captured in the Garrison, some of 
 them were found ia their beds. She also states that the conduct 
 of the General's wife at the time of his arrest was most disgrace- 
 ful, and that she was reproved for it, and that she was entreated to 
 
84 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 remain quiet, as her conduct only made matters worse ; from which 
 we infer she must have shown some grit and passion. 
 
 Mattie Benson lived in the stone house near Haverstraw. 
 
 The British had built a two-story house on the Point, and 
 many of the citizens went over on Sundays, and that the Point 
 was a place of resort for many years. 
 
 She lived, when first married, in the house at King's Ferry, 
 and her daughter, now Mrs. Rose, was obliged to walk from 
 there to Knight's Corner to school, crossing the " Mud Bridge," 
 daily. 
 
 Iron Hill was to the south-east of the house, and it was just 
 back of that hill that the soldiers were buried. Here were a 
 number of graves, which for many years were kept sodded and 
 their headstones in repair. 
 
 One day Mrs. Springsteel was planting peas in her garden, 
 when Jacob Lent came along and said, " Eight where you are 
 planting those peas, I saw a soldier buried. He was the tallest 
 man I have ever seen." He was, probably, one of the King's 
 " Grenadiers." 
 
 She had the Spring dug while she hved at King's Ferry. 
 
 A Mrs. Benjamin Jones often related to her the great fear 
 she had when there was no ferrying going on, for while armies 
 were passing she felt safe, but ordinarily it was lonely and unsafe. 
 
 Call's Dock was built by Nicholas Call. He and his son 
 kept a store there, for the custom, mainly, of the men who ran 
 sloops. Hall's Dock was built farther down, for the convenience 
 of the Lighthouse. 
 
THE CELEBEATION. 85 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 THE CELBBEATION. 
 
 l^mROM commanding heiglits could be seen the gorgeous re- 
 ception given tlie French troops on their return from the 
 Torktown victory. 
 
 The procession and naval display of the Army of the Hud- 
 son, as it wound down from its encampments of New Windsor, 
 Fishkill, West Point and other military posts, including the guards 
 and garrisons of our own locality, and the gathering patriots who 
 had previously bivouaced in the hills of the Highlands, presented 
 one of the most brilliant pictures of triumphal processions known 
 at that early day. This procession, in point of magnificence, shows 
 the pride of Washington in everything that pertained to a well- 
 equipped army. He was constantly teaching his men, both by 
 precept and example, that a clean uniform and good morals were 
 marks which commanded the highest respect. 
 
 The following order, given at Newburg, August 30, 1782, is 
 the highest illustration ever given of the minuteness, precision 
 and military display which characterized the Father of our Coun- 
 try, who says himself that he hopes " the ofiicers will exert them- 
 selves to have the movement made with grand order and regular- 
 ity." The order reads : 
 
 " Precisely at 5 o'clock to-morrow the G-eneral is to beat, on 
 which the tents and baggage of the second Connecticut and third 
 Massachusetts brigades are to be put in the boats. At 9 o'clock 
 
86 
 
 STONY POINT ILLTJSTEATED. 
 
THE CELEBRATION. 87 
 
 the Assembly will beat, wben tbese brigades are immediately to 
 march and embark by the right, proceeding in one column to Ver- 
 planck's Point in the following order : 1st Conn., 2d Conn., 1st 
 Mass. and 2d Mass. Brigades. 
 
 " The leading regiment of the 1st Connecticut Brigade is to 
 advance 200 yards as a vanguard, and detach one company, which 
 is to keep abreast and far enough apart to keep from interfering. 
 The companies will embark as they are found on the parade; and 
 observe that order ; the Colonel to be on the right, the Lieuten- 
 ant-Colonel on the left, and between each regiment there is to be 
 a space of Y5 yards ; between the brigades, 130 yards ; and be- 
 tween the divisions, 250 yards. The general officers commanding 
 divisions and brigades are to be at the head of their respective 
 columns, the Major-General 50 yards, and the Brigadier 25 yards 
 in advance of them. 
 
 " As soon as the troops have embarked and taken their distances 
 (the van opposite Little Dick's Ferry or Meigs' Eedoubt) the rear 
 brigade will beat March, which will be repeated to the front as a 
 preparative ; three cannon will be fired from the park at West 
 Point, and the column will immediately get under motion, the 
 music of the different regiments playing alternately if the situa- 
 tion of the boats wiU admit of it. The Inspector of Music wil- 
 regulate the beat. 
 
 " If any boat should prove too leaky, break its oars, or from 
 any other cause is unable to keep the line, it is to turn out and fol- 
 low after in such manner as the prudence of the officer command- 
 ing shall see fit. 
 
 " No batteaux are to be without a commanding officer in them. 
 The general staff of the army, except the Inspector, Adjutant and 
 Quartermaster-Generals (who may assist in preserving order and 
 regularity in the movement) and all the baggage which is not ia 
 
88 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 boats with the troops, are to follow at a distance of half a mile in 
 the rear, agreeably to the order that they may receive from the 
 Quartermaster-General. 
 
 " Guards, Generals and Staff officers are not to join their corps 
 in the movement, but they may assist in transporting the baggage 
 by water, in order to prevent the necessity of wagons. This by 
 no means to be drawn as a precedent in future. 
 
 " No woman to be admitted into the boats on any pretence 
 whatever. 
 
 " If the boats are insufficient to transport the troops, with their 
 baggage, without crowding or overloading, the surplusage will 
 march by land under proper officers. The soldiers will take care 
 to fill their canteens with water before they embark, as they will 
 have no landing for water afterwards. 
 
 " The artillery annexed to brigades will proceed by land and 
 join their respective corps at Yerplanck's Point. 
 
 " SIGNALS BY DAY. 
 
 " 1st. If any brigade or regiment in the rear is unable to keep 
 up, the Brigadier commanding it is to be informed and will cause 
 a white flag to be hoisted in the boat where he is, which will be 
 repeated by every Brigadier (and com.) ahead, on which the lead- 
 ing Brigade is to move slower. 
 
 " 2d. If the rear would move faster, the front will be notified 
 by a blue flag hoisted and repeated as above. 
 
 " 3d. For landing, the regimental colors will be hoisted by the 
 landing regiment, repeated throughout the line, and kept displayed 
 till the landing is effected, and the troops get to the ground. 
 
 " 4th. If a halt should be found necessary on the passage by 
 the Commander-in-Chief, or officer at the head of the column, it 
 will be communicated by hoisting both flags (blue and white) on 
 board of the boats of the Brigadiers ahead so as to be distinctly 
 
THE CELEBRATION. 89 
 
 seen, and repeated as quick as possible to the rear, upon whicli 
 tlie boats will lay by on tbeir oars, and take great care to preserve 
 their place and distance in line. 
 
 "signals by night. 
 
 " 1st. For moving slower, a musket will be fired and, repeated 
 by the Brigadiers, as in the day signal. 
 
 " 2d. For moving faster, two guns in like manner. 
 
 " 3d. For landing, three ditto. 
 
 " 4th. For halting, a halt must be called, beginning in the 
 front, and repeated from one Colonel to another distinctly, three 
 times to the rear, to prevent mistakes and the confusion which 
 would consequently follow. 
 
 " When the signal for landing is given, the boats are to close 
 up without crowding, and row for the shore, and fall in by the 
 left of each other, in which order they are to debark at their re- 
 spective landing places assigned to them on the bank, and form in 
 brigade columns as usual. In this order, the head of each column 
 will be conducted by the Brigade Quarter-master to the right of 
 its encampment, when it will display to the left, and each regi- 
 ment repair to its own camp, stack their arms, bring up their tents 
 and baggage, and establish themselves. 
 
 " The Quartermaster-General will f m-nish the commanding ofS- 
 cers of brigades with the signal flags, which are carefully to be 
 preserved by the Brigade Quartermasters. 
 
 " The General persuades himself that the officers wiU exert 
 themselves to have the movement made with grand order and reg- 
 ularity." 
 
 THE GEEAT CELEBRATION OF THE CESSATION OF HOSTILITIES, 
 APRIL 19, 1T83. 
 
 The foUowing is a copy of the orders of Washington, dated 
 April 18, 1Y83, and explain themselves : ; 
 
\l 
 
 
 F4 
 
 I 
 
 o 
 
 Ph 
 
 ;^ 
 
 o 
 
THE CELEBEATION. 91 
 
 " The Commander-in-Chief orders the cessation of hostilities 
 between the United States and the King of Great Britain to be 
 publicly proclaimed to-morrow, at twelve, at the New Building ; 
 and that the Proclamation which will be communicated herewith 
 be read to-morrow evening at the head of every regiment and corps 
 of the army ; after which the Chaplain with the several Brigades 
 will render thanks to Almighty God for all His mercies, particu- 
 larly for his overruling the wrath of man to His glory, and caus- 
 ing the rage of war to cease among the nations. 
 
 " Although the Proclamation before alluded to extends only to 
 the prohibition of hostilities, and not to the annunciation of a gen- 
 eral peace, yet it must afford the most rational and sincere satis- 
 faction to every benevolent mind, as it puts a period to a long and 
 doubtful contest^ stops the effusion of human blood, and opens 
 the prospect to a more splendid scene, and, like another Morning 
 Star, promises the approach of a brighter day than has hitherto 
 illuminated the Western Hemisphere. On such a happy day, 
 which is the harbinger of peace, a day which completes the eight 
 years of the war, it would be ingratitude not to rejoice ; it would 
 be insensibility not to participate in the general festivity. 
 
 " The Commander-in-Chief, far from endeavoring to stifle 
 the feelings of joy in his own bosom, offers his most cordial con- 
 gratulations on the occasion to all the officers of every denomina- 
 tion, to all the troops of the United States in general, and in par- 
 ticular to those gallant and persevering men who had resolved to 
 defend the rights of their invaded country so long as the war 
 should continue. 
 
 " For these are the men who ought to be considered as the 
 pride and boast of the American army, and who, covered with 
 well-earned laurels, may soon withdraw from the field of glory to 
 the more tranquil walks of civilized life. 
 
92 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 " WMlst the General recollects tlie almost infinite variety of 
 scenes througli wliicli we have passed with a mixture of pleasure, 
 astonishment and' gratitude ; while he contemplates the prospect 
 before us with rapture, he cannot help wishing that all the brave 
 men (of whatever condition they may be) who have shared in the 
 toils and dangers of effecting this glorious revolution, of rescuing 
 millions from the hand of oppression, and of laying the founda- 
 tion of a great empire, might be impressed with a proper idea of 
 the dignified part they have been called to act (under the smiles 
 of Providence) on the stage of human affairs. For happy, thrice 
 happy shall they be pronounced hereafter who have contributed 
 anything, who have performed the meanest oflice, in erecting this 
 stupendous fabric of freedom and empire on the broad basis of 
 independency ; who have assisted in protecting the rights of hu- 
 man nature, as establishing an asylum for the poor and oppressed 
 of all nations and religions. 
 
 " The glorious task for which we first flew to arms being thus 
 accomplished; the liberties of our country being fnlly acknow- 
 ledged and firmly secured by the smiles of Heaven on the purity 
 of our cause, and the honest exertions of a feeble people deter- 
 mined to be free, against a powerful nation disposed to oppress 
 them ; and the character of those who have persevered through 
 every extremity of hardship, suffering and danger, being immor- 
 talized by the illustrious appellation of the Patriot Army. 
 
 " Nothing now remains but for the actors of this mighty scene 
 to preserve a perfect unvarying consistency of character through 
 the very last act, to close the drama with applause, and to retire 
 from the military theater with the same approbation of angels and 
 men which has crowned all their former virtuous actions. 
 
 " For this purpose, no disorder or licentiousness must be toler- 
 ated. Every considerate and well-disposed soldier must remember 
 
THE CELEBRATION. 93 
 
 it will be absolutely necessary to wait with patience until peace 
 shall be declared, or Congress shall be enabled to take proper 
 measures for the security of the public stores. 
 
 " As soon as these arrangements shall be made, the General is 
 confident there will be no delay in discharging, with every mark 
 of distinction and honor, all the men enlisted for the war, who 
 will then 'have faithfully performed their engagements with the 
 public. 
 
 " The General has already interested himself in their behalf, 
 and he thinks he need not repeat the assurance of his disposition 
 to be useful to them on the present and every other proper occa- 
 sion. In the meantime, he is determined that no military neglects 
 or excesses shall go unpunished while he retains the command of 
 the army. 
 
 " The Adjutant-General will have such working parties detailed 
 to assist in making the preparation for a general rejoicing as the 
 Chief -Engineer with the army shall call for ; and the Quarter- 
 master-General will also furnish such materials as he may want. 
 The Quartermaster-General will, without delay, procure such a 
 number of discharges to be printed as will be sufficient for all the 
 men enlisted for the war ; he will please apply to Headquarters 
 for the form. 
 
 " An extra ration of liquor to be issued to every man to-mor- 
 row to drink perpetual peace, independence and happiness to the 
 United States of America." 
 
 The following is a poem which its author had prepared to be 
 read on the centennial celebration, but being taken sick he was 
 obliged to return home before he could read it. We regret that 
 our space would not allow of its insertion entire : 
 
94 STONY JPOINT ILttJSffiAf EB. 
 
 THE STOEMING OF STONY POINT. 
 
 JiTLY 16th, 1YY9. 
 
 ' Twas in the sunny month — July — 
 
 That month of all the year, 
 The nearest to Columbia's heart, 
 
 To Freedom's sons most dear ; 
 The natal-month of Liberty, 
 
 Whose banners then unfurled, 
 Have waved o'er brilliant deeds of War, 
 
 That 7'wig throughout the word. 
 
 Upon a lonely, ' Sandy Beach,' 
 
 That skirts a beetling height, 
 Which throws a shade on Hudson's stream, 
 
 A sfloom almost of night, 
 Had gathered then a trusty Band, 
 
 One sultry afternoon, 
 For, ere another day should dawn, 
 
 Must Stony Point be won. 
 
 Of stalwart frames and sturdy hmbs, 
 , With souls to do and dare. 
 They onward march in single file, 
 
 No craven spirit there ; 
 Each face reflects a willing heart, 
 
 Each heart as true as steel ; 
 Each man a host iu righteous cause 
 
 As soon the foe shall feel. 
 
tfiE CELSBEATlOlT. 9S' 
 
 "While at their head a noble form 
 
 Strides on in martial pride, 
 The hero, Wayne ! Mad Anthony Wayne ! 
 
 With Fleuey by his side ; 
 His brow firm-knit with stern resolve, 
 
 Before to-morrow's sun, 
 Shall yon proud Fort be taken back, 
 
 Shall Stony Point be won ! 
 
 O'er crags, through streams and miry fens, 
 
 Undaunted wend their way. 
 This Patriot band though Summer's sun 
 
 Pours down its fiercest ray ; 
 The 'Dunderberg' deters them not 
 
 And soon is safely passed. 
 The foe's in sight, huzza! huzza! 
 
 The foe's in sight, at last. 
 
 His 'men-of-war,' the evening gun 
 
 Have fired with lordly brag, 
 While o'er the Fort defiant waves 
 
 Great Britains' blood-red flag ; 
 The sight has stirred each Patriot's blood 
 
 The flint struck from each gun. 
 Shows by the deadly bayonet. 
 
 Will Stony Point be won. 
 
 The drowsy watch reclines his head, 
 
 His thoughts far o'er the deep. 
 And all is still but Hudson's wave 
 
 Against the frowning steep ; 
 But hark 1 the sentries challenge ! 
 
 The sharp, q[uick, 'who goes there?' 
 
S6 SfONT POINT ILLTJSTfeAtfiO. 
 
 The 'Fort's our own,' (the countersign,) 
 Kings on the midnight air. 
 
 The startled sentry's quickly seized. 
 
 His musket's loud report 
 Alarms the slumbering garrison 
 
 "Within that fated Fort ; 
 Loud beat the drums, to arms ! to arms ! 
 
 Half-clad the Britons rush, 
 Eoused from their dreams they wake to meet 
 
 The bayonet's deadly thrust. 
 
 The 'forlorn hopes' their axes ply, 
 
 The cannon loudly roar. 
 Awake the echoes of the deUs, 
 
 Eesound from shore to shore ; 
 The gallant Wayne, though wounded. 
 
 Is heard amid the din, 
 March on ! 'at my column's head 
 
 Let me be carried in.' 
 
 In frantic haste the Britons arm. 
 
 And strike the random blow. 
 The sulph'rous smoke envelopes all, 
 
 Enshrouds both friend and foe ; 
 As o'er the walls the Stormers leap 
 
 They read in each stem face, 
 Kevenge for every murdered sire, 
 
 For every home laid waste. 
 
 Despairing cries and muttered curse 
 
 Burst out the right along, 
 As Febigee's men with bayonets fixed 
 
 Come rushing madly on ; 
 
THE CELEBfeATlftN. 97 
 
 For ' Quarter,' beg the vanquished foe, 
 
 Nor ask for it in vain. 
 The 'Fort's Oitr Own!' the victors shout, 
 
 And shout, and shout again ! 
 
 Aye, Fletjet ! pull that banner down, 
 
 It has waved o'er many a fight, 
 And trailed through many a sea of blood 
 
 But here it has no right ; 
 ' St. Geoe&e's Ceoss' is in the dust. 
 
 The gallant work is done, 
 Up go the brilliant ' Staes and Steipes,' 
 
 And Stony Point is won ! 
 
 Now friend and foe, in soldier-graves, 
 
 " In one red burial blent,'' 
 Proud "Wayne, to his waiting Chief, 
 
 Laconic word has sent ; 
 " The fort's ours ; with Colonel Johnson 
 
 Six hundred prisoners be, 
 And all our men behaved as men, 
 
 Determiaed to be free." 
 
 Speak softly ; 'neath yon rising mound 
 
 Lies many a gallant heart. 
 Who on this great, triumphant day, 
 
 Did bravely act his part ; 
 Tread lightly : every foot of earth 
 
 Has drunk the crimson tide. 
 So freely shed this glorious mom 
 
 That Freedom might abide. 
 
 When centuries have come and gone 
 Since that eventful day. 
 
98 STONY Point illusteated. 
 
 And age on age forever flown 
 Like them have passed away ; 
 
 This statued-Bronze, a Nation's gift, 
 When Empire's course is run, 
 
 Will mark this spot and tell the tale 
 How Stony Point was won. 
 
 Though ' storied Urn,' triumphal Arch, 
 
 Or yet sepulchral Fanes, 
 Are meet upon this hallowed ground. 
 
 To glorify their manes ; 
 This stem old rock ! a grander Pile 
 
 The Almighty Hand hath done, 
 Aye trumps their fame who fought the morn 
 
 When Stony Point was won. 
 
Stony Point Illustrated. 
 
 PART IL 
 
CHAPTEE I. 
 
 THE PROSPECT OF THE PLACE. 
 
 |TONY POINT occupies a plateau on the west bank of the 
 magnificent Haverstraw Bay, and is distant from New 
 York City about thirty-five miles by rail. 
 
 The morning sun gilds no lovher landscape or descends over 
 no healthier clime. The Adirondacks and Green Mountains fade 
 to tameness in comparison with some features of our picturesque 
 scenery. The Highlands to the north and left, the angle of the 
 Palisades on the south and right, mirror theriiselve? on the bosom 
 of our mighty Hudson, while the gentle undulations, mingling 
 with the ravines and lesser highlands westward, add most roman- 
 tic beauty to the whole. 
 
 The West Shore Railway, which, for equipment, management, 
 comfort and popularity has no superior, runs through the entire 
 length, not only of our village, but over all the sediment plain 
 from the Clove Tunnel, five miles to the south, to the cut in Stony 
 Point Promontory, and through it passes in beautiful meandering 
 to the slopes of the lower Highlands. 
 
 Its long trains of elegant passenger coaches and immense 
 continuous lines of freight cars emerging from beneath Mount 
 " Thor's " lower Alp, move, for the first time since their depart- 
 ure from Weehawken, in full view of the upper '• Tappan 
 ■ Zee ;" but its station, which commands the grandest survey of the 
 magnificent Haverstraw Bay, is the one engraved as the frontis- 
 piece of the 4:th chapter of this volume. 
 
102 STONY POINT illfsteated; 
 
 Here the passenger, halting to visit the classic grounds of the 
 Revolution, views with enraptured emotion the high battle ground 
 of Mad Anthony Wayne on his left, and the expanse of Bay in 
 which the " Vulture " of the British fleet lay while on her das- 
 tardly mission of treason, on the right. , Here, in close proximity 
 to the " Causeway " and " Swail," over which "Wayne's intrepid 
 veterans pushed on to the storming of the Fort, as by a special 
 monumental designing, the "West Shore's beautiful station is 
 erected out of the bricks made from the very clay which was con- 
 secrated by the blood of the patriots who fell on that memorable 
 night. Exhumed war missiles, such as ball and grape shot, are 
 preserved in the cabinets of some of our families. Many have 
 been removed to military museums, while down sunken in the 
 marsh at the base of the side of the bold promontory are still 
 remnants of the outer line of " Abatis." Every inch of these 
 grounds is sacred in the annals of history, and a thousand years 
 hence will be visited equally and as eagerly as are the Pantheon 
 of Rome or the Temples of Concord and Jupiter of Agrigentimi 
 of Greece. 
 
 Standing on these grounds the transient habitue, as well as 
 the permanent dweller, feels that he is on sacred soil. 'None visit 
 our quiet hamlet but to laud its physical beauties and resort to its 
 classic scenes ; while the natural scenery is a subject of like in- 
 terest to foreign and native artists. 
 
 Here the moral tone is elevated, and the sanctuary privileges 
 are equal to those of any rural village. 
 
 The natural advantages are proverbial. The great Metropolis 
 of the Continent would be seriously retarded in her material pro- 
 gress without us. Manhattan would be bleaker and less substan- 
 tial without 
 
 " Our tempered clay in moulded brick complete." 
 
104 
 
 STONY POINT ILLTTSTEATED. 
 
 Hundreds of millions of bricks are annually sent from our 
 shores. 
 
 It is truly enchanting to sit on a cottage balcony on a Summer 
 evening and see the great steamers, like brilliant floating castles, 
 move up and down the river. In the silvery light of the moon, 
 or under the star-lit sky, how different from the 
 
 " Low sound of leaves and splash of oars. 
 And lapsing waves on quiet shores," 
 of some inland wood-bound lake. 
 
 CHAPTEE II. 
 
 ' FISHING. 
 
 THE fishing of the Bay, once a business 
 yielding a fair income to those who fol- 
 lowed it, has of late become less profit- 
 able. Among the early fishermen were 
 John Leet, David Lawrence, John Bul- 
 son, John Ten Eyck, Hiram Philhps, 
 Patrick and Thomas Keilly, Eugene 
 Piero and Caleb Gilleo, who did more or 
 less fishing. 
 
 A good record is also made by Harris and Jacob Lent. Those 
 engaged particularly in shad fishing were Wm. "Weiant, Geo. B. 
 Fowler, and their assistants. 
 
 Wm. I. Owen has tried various devices, and has disturbed 
 the happiness of many fishes of many kinds. 
 
PISHINGr. 105 
 
 Shad are caught in large quantities in the Spring from April 
 to June. Once or twice in a season a sturgeon gets entangled in 
 the drift net. They have been caught measuring 9 feet in length, 
 weighing 200 to 400 lbs. Seines are from 600 to 900 feet long. 
 The set line or " trawl" is used for catching striped bass and eels. 
 The drift net is a popular device. The length of it is sometimes 
 2000 feet, and has a depth of 25 feet. The net is kept in an up 
 right position by a row of buoys of wooden blocks fastened to the 
 top line 18 ft. apart. Iron rings, from 6 in. to 8 in. in diameter, 
 are fastened to the bottom or ground line to correspond with the 
 floating blocks. The meshes of this kind of net are 4J to 5 inches. 
 The nets are allowed to float with the tide for several hours, 
 during which time the shad, in attempting to pass up the river, 
 find themselves fast by the gills in the meshes of the net. In 
 olden times the gill net was fastened to poles set in the mud of the 
 river. Some have been driven as deep as 14 ft. Poles 60 ft. in 
 length were sometimes used. The timber being greei; would na- 
 turally sink. When conveyed by boat to the spot where they 
 were to be driven, the buts, which had been previously sharpened, 
 were allowed to sink while the tops were held on to. By fasten- 
 ing a cross-beam to this top, the weight of a number of men 
 would force the stick down into the mud of the river bottom. 
 These poles were usually set 20 ft. apart. Our cut shows one of 
 the most unique nets for catching bass and perch. This style is 
 called T net. We accompany the engraving with the following 
 description, viz. : A stick of hemlock, chestnut or other light lum- 
 ber, about 16 ft. long, is anchored at one end by a cable and stone ; 
 the other end is allowed to stick up in the water. Within a few 
 feet of the top are bored, two holes to receive hickory withes, 
 which suspend the floating stick, to which the net is attached as 
 seen in the picture. The net is usually about 15 ft. square, and, 
 
106 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 being well weighted, it stands in an upright position, the entire 
 fixture being held in position in low water by the heavy sinkers at 
 the end of the long hemlock timber. As the tide moves up or 
 down, the net can freely adapt its position to its movement. The 
 fish are caught in the meshes as they are in drifts. Sometimes 15 
 or 20 of those T nets are set across the river by one fisherman. 
 This same style of net is also used in fishing on ice. Long open- 
 ings are cut in the ice, and the nets let down through these aper- 
 tures. 
 
 Common fikes are set with wings 8 to 10 feet long. Eel pots, 
 made up of splints about 4 feet long, and baited with " menhar 
 den," or herring, or scraps of fish, etc., are useful devices to catch 
 certain kinds of fishes. As high as 30 lbs. have been caught in a 
 single fike. 
 
 The angler still goes fishing for sport. In the season of shad 
 fishing persons from the country come long distances to purchase 
 a supply of shad. Newburgh and New York City are the prin- 
 ciple markets. 
 
 CHATEE III. 
 
 THE GEOLOGY OF STONY POINT. 
 BY PROF. J. F. KEMP. 
 
 ^HE triangular area of Stony Point Township includes a 
 ^ series of different kinds of rocks, whose diversity is quite 
 surprising when the attention is closely directed to them. Their 
 general relations are as follows : The great ridge of the Palisades 
 ceases where the Haverstraw tannel of. the West Shore Railway 
 breaks through. The hard, compact rock of which it is formed 
 gives place to red sandstones, shales and conglomerates, which 
 
GEOLOGY OF STONY POINT. lOY 
 
 stretcli away to the nortli, underlying Haverstraw and the south- 
 ern portion of Stony Point. On the river bank they are covered' 
 up by the clay beds, but inland they reveal their presence by the 
 red color of the soil, which results from their disintegration. 
 
 They reach north well into Stony Point, forming the cliffs 
 along the brook below the main street of the village. 
 
 Their northern limit runs from a point southwest of the old 
 M. E. Church, diagonally northeast to the small cut on the West 
 Shore Kailway between Stony Point Station and the Point itself. 
 
 Near the above-named church the red sandstone is succeeded 
 by a tough, dark-gray rock, and this again by the light-gray gneiss 
 on which the church itself is built. Along the highway from 
 Stony Point to Tompkin's Cove, the red sandstone is succeeded 
 by the blue limestone, which is probably a continuation of the 
 dark gray rock above referred to. But, on the "West Shore track, 
 we meet first a contorted mica schist, whose twisted layers afford 
 some surfaces in the cut like the grain of curly maple, and, second, 
 the heavy black rock of which the greater part of the Point is 
 formed. 
 
 Strange to say, on the top of the promontory are some stray 
 pieces of limestone entirely surrounded by this black rock, exactly 
 as if it had picked them up when flowing in a melted condition like 
 lava. Following the railroad track, a lighter colored brown gran- 
 ite succeeds, and then, after crossing the Cove, a few feet of slaty 
 rock, and then the quarries in the blue limestone. Along the 
 highway the red sandstone is succeeded, as has been already stated, 
 by the blue limestone. The limestone gives place, just north of 
 Connor's Hotel, to the gneiss, which stretches unbroken to the 
 Highlands. 
 
 Further inland, however, we meet, just north of the St. 
 George's M. E. Church, along the roadside near the old parsonage. 
 
t08 
 
 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 a dark, black rock similar to Stony Point, wMcli runs along the 
 gneiss in an irregular line north east to Henry Keesler's, appear- 
 ing also in small amount to the east of his house. At the black- 
 smith shop of Warren Brooks on Duck Cedar Brook a good ex- 
 posure is seen. But a short distance north the gneiss again reap- 
 pears, and stretches away to the Highlands. West of the brook 
 at the lime kiln is a bed of fine white and veined marble, which 
 might furnish a beautiful ornamental stone if properly prepared. 
 The hills, however, are gneiss. 
 
 EILKY & EOSE 8 BEICK YAED. 
 
 This brief description details the rocks fairly well, and it 
 simply remains to say a word about their relations to the neigh- 
 boring region. 
 
 The red sandstone does not cross the Hudson. The country 
 there is chiefly formed of the gneiss and the black rocks of Stony 
 Point and the blue limestone. 
 
GEOLOGY OP STONY POINT. 109 
 
 Back of Yerplanck's Point, along the contact between the 
 black rock iand the gneiss, some emery has been mined, and also 
 inland near Oolebaugh Pond. 
 
 Similar emery may be found in Stony Point north of the St. 
 George's M. E. Church, but it is to be said that the mines across 
 the river are no longer worked, and were never much of a success. 
 
 The clay beds of Grassy Point and the beach are, however, 
 of great value, and will furnish employment and livelihood- for 
 many people for many years to come. 
 
 They are sediments which have been deposited by the Hud- 
 son River on the rocks already mentioned, when the river was 
 larger than now, and set back on its banks as far as the clay beds 
 are found. If any leaves or shells should be found in the clay 
 beds they should be preserved, as they are of great interest to those 
 familiar with them. 
 
 The Tompkin's Cove limestone is a valuable stone, and use- 
 ful for a great variety of purposes. 
 
 The other rocks, however, are of no practical value, and are 
 interesting only from their diversity. 
 
 There is no probability of anything being found in them val- 
 uable enough to pay for digging it out. 
 
 The " clay dogs " found in the clay bed are curious. There 
 were found by Enos Jersey some fine specimens. 
 
MtJSIC. Ill 
 
 CHAPTEE IV 
 
 MUSIC. 
 
 ^HE morals and refining arts have received due attention. 
 Yet it was not always so. The early muses of poetry and 
 and music did not seem, at the first, to find this fairy land, but 
 passed right on through the lower gates of the Highlands 
 in search of broader, but, alas ! less fruitful fields, to ply their 
 shrilling pibrochs among the Highlanders of the Hudson. They 
 searched only for the hire of the chivalrous knights of Revolu- 
 tionary fame, while here in "Mohammed's Paradise," or this veri- 
 table Pantheon of the gods, lived true earls of moral luxury and 
 noted barons of undoubted wealth. Had the provincial settlers 
 counselled with the sages of the ennobling art of lyric music, a 
 softer pathos and more refining imagery would have filled the 
 minds of our otherwise intelligent populace. 
 
 Happy, however, for the present generation that the incipient 
 love of the sacred science of vocal music, and the elevating and 
 evangelizing art of instrumental harmony, have been recently 
 introduced, and that noteworthy contributions of promising talent 
 are being made to this very commendable passion and accomplish- 
 ment. Show me the community devoid of love for music, and 
 you have pointed to a sure evidence of degrading superstition. 
 Music is an antidote to all forms of it. Hazlitt never said a truer 
 saying, respecting the mission of music, than the following : " The 
 sound which the stream of high thoughts carried down the future 
 
VIEWS ON HUDSOW STEEET. 
 
Mtrsic. 113 
 
 ages makes as it flows — deep, distant murmuring evermore, like tlie 
 waters of tlie mighty ocean." Thoughts that would perish like 
 diamonds dropped into the sea, are borne aloft and conveyed to 
 the chambers of the higher intellect by the fragrant air of music. 
 How many precious interpretations of Eternal Truth are uncon- 
 sciously imbibed in song and melody ! It was born in Heaven. 
 The morning stars sang together at Creation's dawn. Harps of 
 gold are used in Paradise. David, the ancient sweet singer of 
 Israel, may now be teaching the infant millions the song of right- 
 eousness, and Miriam leading the choir of the one hundred and 
 forty-four thousand in the rendering of the poem commemorative 
 of Israel's escape at the Arabian Gulf. Only her leadership, per- 
 chance, could guide the sonata of that immortal song of Moses, 
 before whom the ancient Celtic bards, Sappho and Horace, with 
 lyre and guitar, may mingle with the harpers of the Great King 
 led in their celestial music by her once rude timbrel but now hea- 
 venly instrument. How vividly the memory of those sounds 
 must revive the images of the past. All ages and peoples, of any 
 hue and condition, had their music. 
 
 CHAPTEE Y. 
 
 THE CHUECHES. 
 THE TOMPKIN's COVE M. P. CHURCH. 
 
 |HE Tompkin's Cove M. P. Church (see page 29) was or- 
 ganized June 3rd, 1843, Kev. E. W. Griswold, pastor. 
 Of those who were then members only four survive, and only one 
 (Sally Odell) is still a member, the other three having moved 
 away. 
 
114 STONY POINT iLLtrSTEATED. 
 
 For tlie first six years following the organization, there is no 
 detailed account that has been preserved of the deaths and re- 
 movEiJs, etc. Since that time, including the original members 
 organized, 412 persons have been received into full membership. 
 Of these 46 have died members of the church in hope, 175 have 
 moved away with letters of dismissal, 63 have dropped from the 
 rolls as backsliden, 3 have withdrawn by request of the pastor, 1 
 has been expelled, 112 are still members of the -church. This 
 leaves 10 unaccounted for in consequence of the imperfection of 
 the record for the first six years. 
 
 The Society is in a good condition, financially and otherwise. 
 When taken altogether, perhaps, it was never stronger than it is 
 to-day. 
 
 CHURCH OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION. 
 
 This building was erected in the year 1861 during the pas- 
 torate of the late Rev. Patrick Mahoney, of Haverstraw. It is a 
 brick structure, situated at Tompkin's Cove, about five miles from 
 the village of Haverstraw. 
 
 Before its erection in 1861 the Catholics of this place were 
 accustomed to hold their religious services in the old store of the 
 Tompkin's Cove Lime Company, in which the family of an Irish- 
 man named John McGrath then resided. Here Mass was cele- 
 brated about once a month by a priest well-known to the citizens 
 of Haverstraw as Father McKeown. This was about the year 
 1847. This zealous priest remained about two or three years in 
 Haverstraw, and was succeeded by Rev. J. Scullen, who also min- 
 istered to the wants of the Catholic portion of his flock in Stony 
 Point, and conducted the religious services on Sundays in the 
 house of John Caffray, one of the few Catholics now surviving 
 who were obliged at one time to walk from here to New York if 
 
THE CfittttCHES. 
 
 115 
 
 they desired to receive the consolations of tlieir religion from a 
 Catholic priest. 
 
 Hev. Patrick Mahoney succeeded Father ScuUen as pastor of 
 Haverstraw, and he, seeing the need of a commodious and suit- 
 able place of worship for the increasing CathoHc population of 
 Stony Point, commenced the erection of a church. The building 
 was commenced on the 13th day of April, and the first Mass was 
 celebrated on the 15th day of August, 1861. 
 
 During the pastoral charge of Father Mahoney, a day school 
 
llg STONV POINT ILl.irsTRATED. 
 
 for (jhildren was started in the basement of the church, but, owing 
 to the limited means of, and the gradual decrease in, the Catholic 
 population of this vicinity, the school was not of very long dura- 
 tion^ 
 
 In the year 18Y6 the Eev. Henry P. Baxter was appointed 
 pastor at Haverstraw, and whilst under his guidance the Catholic 
 people of this vicinity attended religious services in their church 
 every second Sunday until the year 1886, when they resolved up- 
 on possessing a resident priest. Encouraged by their pastor to 
 raise funds for the purpose of erecting a pastoral residence, the 
 Catholics of this place, though few in numbers, set to work with 
 a will. Thinking that their efforts would be njore successful if 
 they had a priest to direct them in their noble undertaking, they 
 petitioned for a priest, and the assistant priest of Haverstraw, 
 Kev. J. P. Brennan, was appointed as their first resident pastor. 
 The present flourishing condition of the parish, which numbers 
 only 75 families, bears ample testimony to the generosity and re- 
 ligious zeal of the Catholics in the upper portion of Stony Point. 
 
 In connection with the Presbyterian Church of Ha.verstraw, 
 a congregation of people alike in religious views grew up within 
 the present limits of our town. Sunday school was first estab- 
 lished in 1845, meeting in the house of worship which had been 
 built the previous year. From this a strong and flourishing church 
 was soon developed. The Haverstraw Church relinquished all 
 claims to their legal title, and the people became a separate charge. 
 
 The church was rebuilt in 1869, and now stands a commodi- 
 ous house of worship, as seen in our cut. 
 
 The following pastors have officiated since its organization : 
 The Kevs. Abijah Green, David Egan, Frederick King, J. J. Mc- 
 
THE CHURCHES. 
 
 117 
 
 PKESBYTERIAN CHUEOH. 
 
 Mahon, K. B. Mattice, T. C. Straus, and the present pastor, Eev. 
 Mr. Gilmore. 
 
 Eev. J. S. Gilmore is the son of William and grandson of 
 William Gilmore. Mr. Gilmore is a native of West Virginia, 
 and was born Sept. 2, 1830. His father was born near Carlisle, 
 Pa., in 1TY3. The grandfather was a native of Ireland. Mr. 
 Gihnore's mother was Agnes Scott, the place and date of her birth 
 being Washington Co., Pa., February 14, 1 197. She was the daugh- 
 ter of Mary Hamilton, who was born in Westmoreland Co., Pa., 
 in 1YT2. The brothers of Mr. Gilmore are William, Eobert and 
 Joseph ; the sisters, Mary, Sarah Ann, and Margaret. 
 
 His wife's name before marriage, April 27, 1859, was Catha^ 
 rine, the daughter of George Sloane. The daughters are Mary S., 
 Sarah A., Martha L. and Florence H. j. 
 
 Eev. Mr. Gilmore was called to the pastorate of the Presby- 
 terian Church of this place October, 1884, having served formerly 
 the following churches : The First Church of Indiana ; Sullivan, 
 Indiana ; Keinett Square, Pa. ; Titusville, N. J. . In mission 
 
118 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 work, New York city, Fredonia Plains, IST. Y., and Stony Point, 
 N. Y., making an average of four years in seven charges. His 
 graduations were from Jefferson College and Princeton Seminary. 
 
 THE HOUSE OF THE GOOD SHEPHEED. 
 
 In the year 18.66 there w^s established, und^r, the care and 
 direction of the Eev. Ebenezer Gay, Jr., an Episcopal institution 
 known as the House of the Good Shepherd. 
 
 Mr. Gay first' came to Haverstraw in 1859 and again in 1862, 
 when he entered upon his duties as rector of Trinity Parish. He 
 had spent his early years in teaching in various schools, and by 
 laborious work had succeeded in obtaining an extended education. 
 His experience had fitted him well for the lifework before him. 
 "While ministering in his parish at Haverstraw he formed plans 
 which matured in the establishment of a home for the orphans in 
 the parish. 
 
 Later on, this was developed into a mission house, home and 
 traim'ng school. At first located at Haverstraw, then moved to 
 Garnerville, it is now located in a beautiful and commanding view 
 upon the Hudson, a short distance above Tompkin's Cove. 
 
 The buildings consist of the home, school-house and church, 
 all constructed under the supfervision of Mr. Gay, and still under 
 his charge. 
 
 ST. GEOEGe's METHODIST CHUECH 
 
 is situated about one mile west of the West Shore Kail Road Sta- 
 tion at Stony Point. Its origin is dated to 180Y, when Daniel 
 Phillips opened his house for a class and became its first class 
 leader. Among the early Methodists were Mr. Wandell, John 
 Thiell and Eev. James Sherwood. The regular itinerants who, 
 under God, assisted in planting early Methodism in this region, 
 were Rev. Peter Vannest, Daniel Fidler, John Finley, Phineas 
 
ST. George's m. e. ohithch. 
 
120 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 Eice, Joseph Lybrand, Charles Pitman, George Benghart, Law- 
 rence McCombs, Manning Force, Wm. Hibbard, Anthony At- 
 wood, David W. Bartine. The subsequent pastors were Kevs. L. 
 M. Prettyman, Wm. Hanly, I. N. Felch, Benj. Keed, Matthew 
 Mattison, Alex. G-ilmore, Josiah F. Canfield, MuKord Day, L. 
 E. Dunn, Joseph Ashbrook, Geo. F. Brown, "Wm. M. Burrows, 
 Fletcher Lummis, Garret Van Horn, S. D. Longheed, M. C. 
 Stokes, W. G. Wiggins, "Walter Chamberlain, F. S. "Wolf, Eod- 
 ney Winans, Gilbert H. "Winans, J. "W. Seran, David "Walters, J. 
 W. Barrett, Eichard Johns, Isaac ~W. Cole, A. S. Campton, H. J. 
 Hayter, J. P. Fort and E. Y. King. 
 
 The present edifice was rebuilt in 1882, under the pastorate 
 of Eev. E. Y- King. It is at present connected with the charge 
 of Thiells, Eev. C. Clark, pastor. 
 
 THE STONY POINT METHODIST EPISCOPAL CH0ECH 
 
 was organized according to the law governing religious societies, 
 Jan. 13, 1885, and assumed the above-named title because the 
 church building or tabernacle was built in the village of Stony 
 Point. There was no church of the name in the place. The cor- 
 porate name of the old church from which the new came out had 
 been and still is known in law as " St. George's M. E. Church of 
 North Haverstraw." 
 
 Ecclesiastically, the new society was not recognized until the 
 following Spring, when the annual Conference set it apart as a 
 separate charge, giving its pastor the oversight at the same time 
 of Garnerville. Previous, however, to the organization of this 
 church, a few ladies, whose residences were in this part of the 
 charge, met at the house of the late "W. J. "Weiant, on the evening 
 of Oct. 9, 1884, and organized a Ladies' Aid Society. Mr. "Wei- 
 ant. presided by request of the meeting. The first prayer meeting 
 
122 STONY POINT ILLTJ8TEATED. 
 
 held in the place by this society was held in the Tabernacle, Dec. 30. 
 There were sixteen persons present. The Sunday School was or- 
 ganized in the Tabernacle, Jan. 11, 1885, with 38 scholars, 5 offi- 
 cers and 9 teachers. The first meeting of the new Board of Trus- 
 tees took place Jan. 17, 1885. There were 9 trustees, and all 
 present. 
 
 The temporary structure in which the society worship was 
 erected July 4, 1884, but was not enclosed until November. The 
 cost of the building entire was about $800, and the lot was $1000. 
 The society was duly incorpoi'ated on the day of its organization. 
 
 Its present pastor, the Author, is closing a pastorate of three 
 years, having spent a year on the old charge, which would make 
 four years in the same community. 
 
 The membership at the opening of the new church was 79. 
 The number of names on the Record since has been 1Y5, beside 
 the probationers. The aggregate amount of money raised for all 
 purposes during the writer's pastorate is $10,800. 
 
 Before leaving the church, we have, at no expense to them, 
 left an engraving of a prospective edifice with the hope that in the 
 near future the society may be able to erect something similar to 
 it. The one shown in the cut can be built for about $5,000, and 
 would accommodate, when properly seated, 500 persons. 
 
KEGISTEATION. 
 
 123 
 
 OHAPTEE VI. 
 
 EEGISTEATION. 
 
 ^HE following is a list of names of the voters of Stony 
 Point Township : 
 
 Askew, George Stony Point 
 
 Ambrey, Arthur " 
 
 Ambiey, Willis " 
 
 Abrams, Edward " 
 
 Abrams, George " 
 
 Able, Daniel " 
 
 Aiken, Henry " 
 
 Ayers, Thomas " 
 
 Allison, Wilbur " 
 
 Allison, Frank Grassy Point 
 
 Allison, Brewster J Stony Point 
 
 Ambrey, William " 
 
 Anderson, James .... Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Allison, Charles Grassy Point 
 
 Allison, John W " 
 
 Applegate, Benj Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Burd, Chas. W atony Point 
 
 Basley, Wm " 
 
 Bulson, Duane " 
 
 Bobb, John Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Basley, Robert Stony Point 
 
 Basley, Henry " 
 
 Basley, Aaron " 
 
 Basley, Thomas " 
 
 Basley, Garrett " 
 
 Brooks, John " 
 
 Bulson, Jackson " 
 
 Burd, Wm. H Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Burris, Thomas Stony Point 
 
 Bulson, Levi " 
 
 Bulson, James " 
 
 Barton, Daniel Stony Point 
 
 Brush, William " 
 
 Bulson, Richard Grassy Point 
 
 Babcock, Moees Stony Point 
 
 Babcock, Alfred ' ' 
 
 Bobb, Louis, Jr " 
 
 Bowman, Eugene Grassy Point 
 
 Babcock, Augustus Stony Point 
 
 Babcock, Isaac " 
 
 Brooks, O. B " 
 
 Basley, John W " 
 
 Babcock, Josiah " 
 
 Bulson, Sylvester " 
 
 Burris, Abram " 
 
 Brennan, Michael " 
 
 Burris, Thomas " 
 
 Brooks, Thomas " 
 
 Brooks, William " 
 
 Belden, Wm. R " 
 
 Brooks, M. V. B " 
 
 Bulson, Jonas Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Bower, David Stony Point 
 
 Barns, Joseph " 
 
 Blauvelt, William 
 
 Barton, Warren " 
 
 Blauvelt, Thomas " 
 
 Blauvelt, Samuel " 
 
 Blair, John " 
 
 Blair, William " 
 
 Barton, James " 
 
 Barton, Hsnford " 
 
 Bu'd, Charles " 
 
 Burd, Hudson Jones' Point 
 
 Barton, James R Grassy Point 
 
 Ballard, Sylvester R Stony Point 
 
 Bulson, Alexander " 
 
 Bower, Louis " 
 
124 
 
 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Brownell, Jacob E Stony Point 
 
 Brightmyre, Jacob " 
 
 Bower, George " 
 
 Bower, Stephen H '• 
 
 Bulson, John A " 
 
 Bulson, Hiram •' 
 
 Burris, Wm. H " 
 
 Beebe, Richard " 
 
 Bulson, Wm. J " 
 
 Bulson, Henry 
 
 Bulson, John Fort Montgomery 
 
 Byard, Andrew Stony Point 
 
 Byard, Henry " 
 
 Babcock, Thomas Thiells 
 
 Brophy, Patrick Grassy Point 
 
 Benson, Michael " 
 
 Brooks, Warren Stony Point 
 
 Bobb, Louis, Sr " 
 
 Brooks, Brewster " 
 
 Bonner, Thomas . . . Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Burke, Thomas Grassy Point 
 
 Boldt, Christian Stony Point 
 
 Boldt, John " 
 
 Ballard, Alvin S 
 
 Ballard, Andrew " 
 
 Ballard, Nelson " 
 
 Brennan, Rev. Fr. . ..Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Burris, Sherman Stony Point 
 
 Burris, Ellsworth " 
 
 Cor win, Josiah " 
 
 Clark, William " 
 
 Clark, Peter " 
 
 Coe, George " 
 
 Clancy, Frank " 
 
 Costello, James " 
 
 Clark, James " 
 
 Clark, Frank " 
 
 CafEery, Peter 
 
 Cole, Jacob • ' 
 
 Coe, Isaac " 
 
 Call, Bveret '• 
 
 Call, Jacob " 
 
 Call, Wallace " 
 
 Courtney, John " 
 
 Connell, Patrick " 
 
 Casscles, Albert " 
 
 Casscles, Chas. H 
 
 Casscles, James. " 
 
 Casscles, Jeremiah •' 
 
 Cavel, William B 
 
 Crum, Spencer " 
 
 Crum, Henry •' 
 
 Conklin, Edmund Stony Point 
 
 Conklin, Leonard " 
 
 Conklin, Joseph " 
 
 Caton, Elsworth 
 
 Call, Wm. J " 
 
 Champan, Theodore " 
 
 Casscles, King W " 
 
 Casscles, John " 
 
 Casscles, Joseph " 
 
 Casscles, Alonzo P " 
 
 Casscles, Joseph, Jr " 
 
 Coe, Henry Grassy Point 
 
 Coe, Gabriel " 
 
 Call, Jacob Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Clancy, Felix " 
 
 Connell, John " 
 
 Connor, John '■ 
 
 CafEery, John " 
 
 Crawley, Richard Grassy Point 
 
 Crum, George Stony Point 
 
 Crum, Earnest " 
 
 Clark, John " 
 
 Clark, Matthew Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Coleman, H. M Stony Point 
 
 Crum, Chester " 
 
 Duffney, Miles " 
 
 Decker, Austin " 
 
 Dutcher, Brickenridge . . Jones' Point 
 
 Delanoy, Calvin Stony Point 
 
 Dykins, Alonzo " 
 
 Deronde, Theodore.., Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Doyle, Thomas Grassy Point 
 
 Degroat, John " 
 
 Deronde, William Stony Point 
 
 Decker, William, Jr " 
 
 Davis, Henry Grassy Point 
 
 Delaney, Jerry, Jr " 
 
 Dockerty, John '■ 
 
 Dreddin, John " 
 
 Delaney, Jeremiah, Sr. . . " 
 
 De Groat, Chas " 
 
 De Camp, John, Jr Stony Point 
 
 Drout, George, Jr Jones' Point 
 
 Drout, Henry " 
 
 Dunn, Michael Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Dennison, Alexander Stony Point 
 
 Degau, John Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Dunn, Martin " 
 
 Dunn, John Stony Point 
 
 Dunn, William Tompkin's Govt 
 
 DufEney, Wm. H Stony Poine 
 
 De Camp, Aaron " 
 
EEGISTEATIOlSf. 
 
 125 
 
 Decker, Abram G Stony Point 
 
 De Camp, John M " 
 
 De Camp, Matthew " 
 
 Decker, VVm " 
 
 Dykins, Abram ' • 
 
 Deronde, Jacob Tompkin's Cove 
 
 De G-roat, James A Jones' Point 
 
 Duel, Prof Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Dinan, Thomas Grassy Point 
 
 Dykens, Alonzo Stony Point 
 
 Dykens, Charles " 
 
 Easton, John " 
 
 Engle, Jacob " 
 
 Engle, Peter " 
 
 Forrest, Jackson " 
 
 Pinnigan, Phillip " 
 
 Finnigan, Irving " 
 
 Fagan, Terrance Grassy Point 
 
 Fox, Hugh " 
 
 Finn, James " 
 
 Flyn, Michael " 
 
 Fay, Patrick " 
 
 Farland, Mike " 
 
 Fowler, William Stony Point 
 
 Frank, Herman " 
 
 Prank, Julius " 
 
 Fowler, Gilbert Grassy Point 
 
 Fowler, John Stony Point 
 
 Fowler, James W " 
 
 Finn, Edward " 
 
 Frank, Jacob " 
 
 Pales, George " 
 
 Fonda, Bayard " 
 
 Fonda, Howard " 
 
 Fonda, Clinton " 
 
 Gannon, S. B Jones' Point 
 
 Goetschius, Roswell Stony Point 
 
 Golden, John " 
 
 Garrison, William. . .Tompkitfs Cove 
 Gay, Rev. Ebenezer.. " 
 
 Gee, Charles Stony Point 
 
 Gallagher, Charles J Grassy Point 
 
 Goldrick, Phillip " 
 
 Gallagher, Thomas " 
 
 Gallagher, B. J " 
 
 Gallagher, Daniel Stony Point 
 
 GiUeo, Caleb " 
 
 Gilleo, Eugene " 
 
 Gilmor, Rev. J. S " 
 
 Goetschius, Nelson " 
 
 Goetschius, Eugene " 
 
 Gallagher, Patrick. ..Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Garrison, Prince Stony Point 
 
 Gallagher, William. .Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Goetschius, Samuel Stony Point 
 
 Goetschius, Henry D " 
 
 Goetschius, Joseph " 
 
 Goetschius, James H '' 
 
 Garrison, N. A., Dr " 
 
 Grady, James Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Grady, Martin " 
 
 Hoeck, John Stony Point 
 
 Herbert, Samuel Jones' Point 
 
 Herbert, Joseph " 
 
 Holt, Thomas Stony Point 
 
 Hurd, Wm. J " 
 
 Hoyt, Charles " 
 
 Hill, Calvin T Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Herbert, Nathaniel Jones' Point 
 
 Hulse, James Stony Point 
 
 Hurd, Jackson " 
 
 Higgins, William. . ..Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Hurd, Hudson Stony Point 
 
 Hannigan, Patrick " 
 
 Hogan, James " 
 
 Hurd, Mathew " 
 
 Hill, Silas " 
 
 Halt, Albert " 
 
 Hoyt, Dennis M " 
 
 Hoyt, George " 
 
 Hoyt, James B Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Halt, William F Stony Point 
 
 Halley, Ferdinand. ..Tompkin's Cove 
 Halley, David G.. .. " 
 
 Herbert, Hiram Jones' Point 
 
 Herbert, Isaac " 
 
 Hurd, Abram Stony Point 
 
 Holly, Hiram Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Hoyt, William H Stony Point 
 
 Hastings, Jacob B " 
 
 Hammond, Wm. K " 
 
 Hilton, Henry " 
 
 Harrison, C. S " 
 
 Hazard, Daniel " 
 
 Hazard, James " 
 
 Hazard, Frank F " 
 
 Hurd, David J 
 
 Hill, Henry " 
 
 June, Caleb Jones' Point 
 
 June, Lemuel ■' 
 
 Jones, James Stony Point 
 
 Jones, William " 
 
 Johnson, Harrison " 
 
 Jonts, John J " 
 
126 
 
 STOlifY POIlSfT ILLTJS*EATED. 
 
 June, Andrew Jones' Point 
 
 Johnson, George Stony Point 
 
 June, Peter " 
 
 Jones, "William F " 
 
 June, David " 
 
 Jones, Edward 
 
 James, Ambrose Tompkin's Cove 
 
 June, Abraham 
 
 Johnson, Arthur Stony Point 
 
 June, Baxter Jones' Point 
 
 Jones, John R Stony Point 
 
 ' Jones, Charles 
 
 James, Paul 
 
 James, William H. . .Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Johnson, W. N Stony Point 
 
 Jersey, Enos Grassy Point 
 
 Kemp, Charles Jones' Point 
 
 Kemp, Theodore 
 
 Keiser, John Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Keiser, John, Jr 
 
 Keenan, Patrick Stony Point 
 
 Keesler, Alexander. .Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Keenen, John 
 
 Kearny, Michael 
 
 Kelly, Michael 
 
 Kelly, Michael 
 
 Keenan, James 
 
 Kearny, James 
 
 Knapp, Jacob P Stony Point 
 
 Keesler, Henry 
 
 Knapp, Hiram G 
 
 King, John 
 
 Keesler, Edward 
 
 Keenan, Arthur 
 
 Keesler, Bradley. . . .Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Keeoan, Edward 
 
 Keenan, John 
 
 Keenan, Thos 
 
 Krusie, William Stony Point 
 
 Krusie, Hiram 
 
 Krusie, Charles Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Knapp, David J Stooy Point 
 
 Knight, William " 
 
 Keesler, James " 
 
 Keesler, Daniel " 
 
 Keesler, Henry Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Keesler, Theodore .. . " 
 
 King, William B. ... " 
 
 Knapp, John Stony Point 
 
 Knowlton, James 
 
 Kochler, Chas. H Jones' Point 
 
 Lewis, Oliver Grassy Point 
 
 Lent, Moses Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Lent, George " 
 
 Lent, Abraham " 
 
 Lemon, J. N Jones' Point 
 
 Linkletter, James Stony Point 
 
 Linkletter, John J Jersey City 
 
 Lanegen, Patrick Grassy Point 
 
 Long, Patrick " 
 
 Long, WiUiam " 
 
 Lynch, William Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Lent, William H " 
 
 Lent, Leonard " 
 
 Lent, Harris " 
 
 Lent, Jacob " 
 
 Leonard, Patrick Stony Point 
 
 Lent, Augustus Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Lynch, James Stony Point 
 
 Leach, Elijah " 
 
 Lilburn, Adam Haverstraw 
 
 Lawrenue, David Stony Point 
 
 Leet, James " 
 
 Lent, Alfred J Jones' Point 
 
 Lent, Richard Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Lent, William " 
 
 Lent, Joshua " 
 
 Lynch, William Stony Point 
 
 Leach, John T " 
 
 Lynch, Daniel " 
 
 Leach, Charles " 
 
 Leach, George " 
 
 McEIroy, Roswell " 
 
 MoCanley, Lewis " 
 
 Morgan, George " 
 
 Meehan. Martin Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Muray, Thos Stony Point 
 
 Mackey, James H " 
 
 Mulhall, John " 
 
 Mahon, John " 
 
 Miller, Joseph " 
 
 Martin, Harson Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Mackey, Edward Stony Point 
 
 Miller, William " 
 
 Marsh, Nelson '■ 
 
 Morrisey, Patrick Grassy Point 
 
 Mackey, Aaron " 
 
 Mulhall, Garrett Stony Point 
 
 May, Jacob Grassy Point 
 
 Mossieur, Paul " 
 
 Mackey, William Stony Point 
 
 Munderville, John Grassy Point 
 
 Merritt, Jeremiah " 
 
 Miller, Archibald " 
 
BBGISTEATION. 
 
 ■127 
 
 Mulvale, Martin Stony Point 
 
 Marsh, Stephen " 
 
 Marsh, Alexander " 
 
 Mackey, Isaac Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Mead, Joseph Stony Point 
 
 McBride, Walter " 
 
 Miller, John " 
 
 McMahon, Rev. J. J " 
 
 Marks, Abram D " 
 
 Marks, Richard B ' ' 
 
 Marks, Charles " 
 
 Marks, G-eorge H " 
 
 Mackey, David Haverstraw 
 
 Mackey, Everet Stony Point 
 
 McCauley, William " 
 
 Meehan, Patrick .... Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Martin, Charles Stony Point 
 
 Meusell, Antone " 
 
 Nally, James " 
 
 Nolan, James " 
 
 Neilley, John H " 
 
 Odell, Miles " 
 
 Odell, Lascelle Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Odell, Sidney Thiells 
 
 Ogier, Wm. C Stony Point 
 
 Odell, Nelson Thiells 
 
 Olive, James Stony Point 
 
 O'Malley, Thos. Grassy Point 
 
 O'Keef, Cornelius " 
 
 Odell, James Stony Point 
 
 Odell, William '• 
 
 Odell, Henry " 
 
 O'Brien, Michael Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Ossman, Louis Stony Point 
 
 Ossman, John " 
 
 Oakley, Charles B Jones' Point 
 
 O Keef, John Grassy Point 
 
 O'Brian, Martin Stony Point 
 
 Odell, Charles Thiells 
 
 Odell, Jacob " 
 
 Odell, Rutledge Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Ossman, Joseph Grassy Point 
 
 Osbom, Daniel Stony Point 
 
 Olive, Benjamin " 
 
 Owen, William I " 
 
 Phillips, John W " 
 
 Paul, William H " 
 
 Phillips, Harrison " 
 
 Price, William 
 
 Penny, Fred., Attorney.. " 
 
 Phillips, Thos " 
 
 Phillips, John W., Jr. ... 
 
 Phillips, Hiram Stony Point 
 
 Phillips, Nelson ...... " 
 
 Phillips, William " 
 
 Payne, A. T., Attorney.. " 
 
 Penny, Joseph " 
 
 Phillips, Daniel " 
 
 Phillips, Edward J " 
 
 Peterson, Samuel " 
 
 Pymm, Stephen " 
 
 Pymm, Melville " 
 
 Peterson, Charles Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Peterson, Rock Grassy Point 
 
 Palmer, James Thiells 
 
 Paul, Harry Stony Point 
 
 Paul, Samuel , " 
 
 Phillips, Nelson, Jr " 
 
 Phillips, Nelson R " 
 
 Quelch, William " 
 
 Rose, David W " 
 
 Rose, Daniel , " 
 
 Reed, Alexander .ij.' ' ' 
 
 Rose, Alfred , " 
 
 Rhodes, George W Jones' Point 
 
 Rose, John .• Stony Point 
 
 Rose, George A . '" 
 
 Rose, Leonard " 
 
 Rider, Oliver Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Rose, Oscar Stony Point 
 
 Rose, James, Jr " 
 
 Ryan, Thomas Grassy Point 
 
 Rose, William Stony Point 
 
 Rose, Charles B " 
 
 Rose, Benjamin " 
 
 Rose, Charles " 
 
 Rose, George " 
 
 Rose, Alfred Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Rose, Isaac Stony Point 
 
 Riley, Thomas " 
 
 Rose, Abram H " 
 
 Rose, Daniel " 
 
 Rose, Augustus " 
 
 Rose, Benton " 
 
 Rose, Elister " 
 
 Rose, Henry H " 
 
 Rose, Richard " 
 
 Rose, Jacob A " 
 
 Rose, Brewster " 
 
 Rose, Calvin " 
 
 Rose, John R " 
 
 Rose, Walter " 
 
 Rose, Wilmer " 
 
 Rose, James H " 
 
128 
 
 ^TOin toIUT tLLtfS^KATEO. 
 
 Rose, B. O., Store Stony Point 
 
 Rose, Henry, Jr " 
 
 Rose, Nelson " 
 
 Rose, Paul " 
 
 Rose, Peter " 
 
 Rose, Thomas W " 
 
 Rose, Wm. A " 
 
 Rose, William 
 
 Rose, Alexander '■ 
 
 Rose, Newman " 
 
 Rose, David W " 
 
 Rose, William H " 
 
 Rose,' Warner " 
 
 Rose, Milton " 
 
 Rose, William A., Jr. . . . " 
 
 Rose, Edward " 
 
 Rose, Abram " 
 
 Rose, Alonzo Dutchess Junction 
 
 Ryan, William Grassy Point 
 
 Rhodes, George Jones' Point 
 
 Roderman, — Tdmpkin's Cove 
 
 Rose, Albert Stony Point 
 
 Riker, John " 
 
 Reiley, Patrick " 
 
 Reiley, Michael " 
 
 Ryder, Egbert " 
 
 Ryder, William " 
 
 Stalter, James K " 
 
 Shair, Conrad " 
 
 Sillsbury, Archie Grassy Point 
 
 Springsteed, Geo Stony Point 
 
 Springsteed, Edw'd..Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Stalter, Elbert Stony Point 
 
 Springsteed, W. A " 
 
 Smalley, Samuel " 
 
 Stalter, Nathaniel " 
 
 Stalter, John " 
 
 Stalter, R. B., Store 
 
 Springsteed, Jacob " 
 
 Springsteed, Joseph " 
 
 Springsteed, Samuel " 
 
 Stalter, Nicholas " 
 
 Springsteed, Wm.. . Tompkin's Cove 
 Springsteed, George.. " 
 
 Secor, Josiah B Thiells 
 
 Secor, Samuel Stony Point 
 
 Smith, John " 
 
 Smith, John " 
 
 Skerry, William " 
 
 Scannell, Howard Jones' Point 
 
 Scannell, Isaac " 
 
 Searing, Walter T. . . Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Stalter, Jacob Stony Point 
 
 Smith, J. J., Rev. ..Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Timothy, Frank Stony Point 
 
 Theill, Matthew.. ...... " 
 
 Thorpe, Cornelius Jones' Point 
 
 Ten Eyck, Allison, Jr. ... " 
 
 Ten Eyck, Edwin Stony Point 
 
 Ten Eyck, Charles... Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Tompkins, Watson Stony Point 
 
 Ten Eyck, Alfred . . .Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Ten Eyck, John Stony Point 
 
 Ten Eyck, Thomas Jones' Point 
 
 Thompson, John Stony Point 
 
 Thompson, E A., Mason " 
 
 Tomlins, William Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Tomlins, Newton .... " 
 
 Tompkins, Calvin .... " 
 
 Thorne, Robert Stony Point 
 
 Termansen, Lawritz •' 
 
 Thorne, Albert " 
 
 Toole, John " 
 
 Van Wort, John W " 
 
 Van Valer, John K " 
 
 Valentine, Benj. C Garnerville 
 
 Van Wort, Arthur Stony Point 
 
 Vredenburg, Peter " 
 
 Vredenberg, Charles " 
 
 Van Wart, Augustus. Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Van Wart, Calvin Stony Point 
 
 Van Wart, Theodore .... " 
 
 Ward, John Grassy Point 
 
 Wheeler, George " 
 
 Waldron, Belden Stony Point 
 
 Wiles, Frank Grassy Point 
 
 Wood, William Siony Point 
 
 Ward, Edward Grassy Point 
 
 Ward, George " 
 
 Ward, Irving " 
 
 Williams, Wtsley Stony Point 
 
 Wright, Charles •' 
 
 Weyant, William " 
 
 Weyant, Hiram " 
 
 Waters, John " 
 
 Waters, James " 
 
 Welch, Andrew " 
 
 Wood, William " 
 
 Wood, George " 
 
 Weyant, E. B 
 
 Wood, Christie Stony Point 
 
 Watkins, Augustus Jones' Point 
 
 Watldns, Ishmael " 
 
 Watkins, James " 
 
b:OGEAPHlcAL SKETCHES. 
 
 1^9 
 
 Waldron, Resolvert Stony Point 
 
 Waldron, "Washington Haverstraw 
 
 Weiant, Wolsey T Stony Point 
 
 Weiant, Geo. B " 
 
 Whalen, Gregory Grassy Point 
 
 Weiant, Geo. W., Att'ny. Haverstraw 
 
 Wiles, William H Stony Point 
 
 Wright, William " 
 
 Wiles, Alfred M " 
 
 West, James Garner Haverstraw 
 
 Winter, George Grassy Point 
 
 Weiant, James Jones' Point 
 
 Wood, George S Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Wilcox, Stephen Stony Point 
 
 Wiles, Charles J " 
 
 Washburn, U. F " 
 
 Williamson, George.. Tompkin's Cove 
 
 Wicks, George L Grassy Point 
 
 Washburn, Mordicai Stony Point 
 
 Washburn, Lucien 
 
 Wood, David G 
 
 Young, John 
 
 Young, Lewis 
 
 Young, Charles 
 
 Young, William 
 
 CHAPTEE YII. 
 
 BIOGEAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 |HE biographic sketches in connection with the names of 
 some of the citizens are samples of the sketches which it 
 was the purpose of the Author to make, but, owing to the fact 
 that persons did not iill the blanks sent them, but few of the 
 people have been thus recorded. The alphabetical list appended 
 will be of great value for a number of purposes. 
 
 We think the plan of recording families, as indicated in the 
 following brief outline, is suggestive at least, and we indulge the 
 hope that the work of the Author, or some such method, to pre- 
 serve the genealogy of the people, will be carried to completion 
 by some one in the near future. 
 
 GEOEGE ASKEW, 
 
 for 18 years one of our leading public instructors, is the son of 
 James Askew, of England. His grandfather was named George. 
 His mother was Carolina L., the daughter of George W. Burr, of 
 Philadelphia. Mr. Askew's children are James, George, Alpha 
 L., Carrie B. (Frank, deceased), Ambrose A., Harry G., Laura G. 
 and Edith E. He is, at present, under a good salary in the 
 
ISO 
 
 STONY POINT ILLtrSTEATED. 
 
 United States service, as storekeeper in the Custom House — 
 Eepublican and a member of the Episcopal Church. 
 
 BREWSTER J. ALLISON, 
 
 the son of Judge George S. Allis'oii, was born July 5th, 1821. 
 He spent his early years in school, and, after completing his edu- 
 cation, entered business with his father, at first in a store and 
 afterwards in the manufacture of brick. For a time he was also 
 engaged in land surveying. He is a large land owner, and has 
 held many important ofiices in the town and county. He was 
 member of the Legislature in 1860. At present he is engaged 
 extensively in the brick industry, and in superintending his per- 
 sonal and landed estate. He is a man of remarkable business 
 tact and integrity, and noted for his liberality. 
 
 CHARLES ALLISON, 
 
 native of Tompkin's County, N. Y. ; bom Dec. 16, 1838 ; dealer in 
 sand ; son of William Allison, of Haverstraw, and Euth Brad- 
 bury ; grandfather, Benjamin, son of Michael Allison ; brother's 
 name, John Wesley Allison ; second wife, Susie Terwilliger, 
 daughter ot John E. Terwilliger. His family consists of two 
 children, Melissa by first wife and Clarence by second wife. Son- 
 in-law, John Jones, father of one child named Bertha. Mr. Alli- 
 son adheres to the Methodist Church, and is a Eepublican in 
 politics. 
 
 •n ...n 
 
 
 ftBASSY POINT, LOOKING BAST. 
 HANFOED BARTON, 
 
 a butcher by trade, was born at Cornwall, Orange County, Feb. 
 
M06EAt>HlCAL glvKTCHEg. 
 
 ISl 
 
 20, 1832, and is the son of Gilbert C. Barton and grandson of 
 Koger Barton, of the same county. His mother was Ami P. 
 Kyer ; his brothers and sisters were "William, Alanson, Charles, 
 Mary and Adahne. Mr. Barton married Martha, the daughter of 
 James Hazard, Feb. 10, 1864, and the children living are Ella M., 
 Emma J. and Bertha. James is the son of a former wife. Mr. 
 Barton is a Eepublican, and belongs to the Methodist Episcopal 
 Church. 
 
 -^^^i'Vag-. .^rv»ig-ajaf >*^. 
 
 STONY POINT AVENUE, LOOKING "WEST. 
 LOUIS BOWER, 
 
 an experienced moulder in Wiles' manufactory, is the son of John 
 Bower (deceased), and was born Sept. 15, 1852. His mother was 
 Elizabeth Boldauf . Both parents are natives of Germany. The 
 brothers and sisters of Mr. Bower are John, George, Charles, 
 David, Catharine, Elizabeth, Carrie and Amelia. March 3rd, 
 18T5, Mr. Bower married Miss Cassie, daughter of Jacob Dins- 
 dorf (deceased). The living children of these parents are John 
 J. and WiUis D. Bower. Mr. Bower is a Methodist. 
 
 AliBX. S. BULSOJSr, 
 
 a boat captain of great experience, and one of the most worthy 
 
1S2 STOHY fOlNT ILLtSfftATED. 
 
 citizens, was born April 13, 1821. His father's name was John, 
 and his grandfather's, Alax. His great-grandfather was a native 
 of Holland, and assisted in the erection of the first church in New 
 York city, the brick and tiling having been brought from Holland. 
 His mother was Catherine Dykens, and was French. The name 
 of Mrs. Bulson is Martha, the daughter of Andrew Eose. The 
 children are John, Edgar, Henry, Edmund and Dora. The grand- 
 children are Alonzo, Mattie, William, Edith, Martha, Alfred, and 
 Eva K. (deceased.) 
 
 WM. B. OAVEL 
 
 was born Sept. 14, 1860, in the town of Marquette, Mich. His 
 father, Wm. Cavel, died in the late war. Mr. Cavel is a telegraph 
 operator, and at present engaged in keeping a meat market on 
 corner of Hudson Street and Stony Point Avenue. 
 
 JAMES CONKLIN, 
 
 a man of sterling moral and business integrity, commenced life 
 without means, and is now, in good circumstances, residing at 
 Dutchess Junction. Mr. Conklin was early connected with the 
 history of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His wife was Miss 
 Charlotte Knapp, the daughter of Colonel Robert Knapp. Mrs. 
 Conklin is one of nine children, and of a family widely known. 
 
 ALONZO DYKENS, 
 
 a clerk in the store of D. Tomkins & Sons, is the son of Abra- 
 ham Dykens. He was born Feb. 19, 1854. His father was born 
 JSTovember 14, 1826 ; and his mother, Nancy McLary, was born 
 January 4, 1826. The brothers of Alonzo are George "W. and 
 Edgar (deceased). Mr. Dykens was married to Miss Elma C, the 
 daughter of James B. Hoyt, Dec. 31, 1879. The children's names 
 are Elma C. and Susie Dykens. Kepublican in politics ; church, 
 Methodist Episcopal. 
 
 DE. N. QAEBISON 
 
 is a practising physician of the town. By careful attention to 
 business he has acquired considerable estate. His residence is one 
 mile north of the village of Stony Point. He has an extended 
 
BIOGEAPHICAL SKET0HK8. 133 
 
 practice, having traveled the same parish for thirty years. His 
 father, an eminent practitioner, preceded him here. 
 
 WM. E. GAEEISON, 
 
 native of Fort Montgomery, born April Y, 1818 — son of James 
 Garrison and Elizabeth House. Mr. Garrison is a sailor by pro- 
 fession, and has been a life-long resident of this county. His 
 grandfather, Isaac Garrison, lived at Quemans, near Albany, and 
 his great-grandfather came from Low Dutch. His grandmother, 
 EHzabeth Koofort, also of Dutch descent. 
 
 He had but one brother and no sister. Brother's name, 
 Moses ; dead three years. Wife's name, Elizabeth Cronk. Fam- 
 ily consists of Elizabeth, Emily, Martha and Mary Ann ; son-in- 
 law, George I. ; grandchild, Addie Georgia I. He adheres to the 
 Episcopal Church, and a Democrat in pohtics. Mr. Garrison has 
 furnished a short sketch as tradition. 
 
 JAS. H. HAZARD, 
 
 born Orange Co., Aug. 15, 1837, is a butcher by trade. His father 
 is James Hazard ; his grandfather was James, and his grand- 
 mother's name was Martha Gould, of Blackrock, Conn., of Eng- 
 lish descent ; his mother's maiden name was Sarah Cornell, a rela- 
 tive of Gov. Cornell ; the grandmother, on mother's feide, was 
 Ellenor Hunt. His brothers are Benjamin and William Daniel. 
 Neither of them ever " smoked, chewed, or drank." His wife's 
 name was (Emma) Weiley, daughter of James Weiley, of Corn- 
 wall. They were married Nov. 18, 1863. Their children are 
 Mary, Alice, Lizzie, Robert and William. Republican, adheres 
 to Friends (Quakers). 
 
 WM. F. HOLT, 
 
 a shopkeeper and confectioner on Stony Point Avenue, was born 
 in New York city, and is the son of Thomas P. Holt (deceased), 
 who was a native of Ontario and born 1821. His grandparents 
 were B. F. Goodspeed, of New York city, and Alma Parker ; his 
 brothers are Albert M., Thomas and Edwin. Prohibitionist; 
 Methodist Episcopal Church. 
 
 CHAS. S. HARBISON, 
 
 an extensive furniture dealer in Jersey City, born in Kent, Eng., 
 
134 
 
 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATKD. 
 
 STONY POINT AVENUE, LOOKING BAST. 
 
 February T, 1837, is the son of John, who was born in Norwich, 
 March 10, 1802, and the grandson of Charles Harrison of the 
 same place in England, the birth of the latter being 1Y56. Mr. 
 Harrison's mother was Sarah Parker, of Canterbury ; one of the 
 grandmothers was a Scofield, born in Norwich, Eng., April 7, 
 17Y7. The brothers are John, George and Henry ; the sisters, 
 Sarah and Elizabeth ; children of Mr. Harrison, by first marriage, 
 are Charles, John, William and Alice ; daughters-in-law, Kate and 
 Francina ; the grand-children are Charles, Mabel, Ella, May. The 
 second marriage, to Miss Abbie H., daughter of Peter Lyke, oc- 
 curred July 4, 1883. Prohibitionist ; adherent Methodist Epis- 
 copal Church. 
 
 JOHN A. HELVIN, 
 
 a native of Prince George County, Va., was born June 10, 1847. 
 His father was G. W. Helvin, who was born in Sussex Co., Va., 
 Sept. 22, 1818, and was the son of an Englishman by name of 
 George Thadeous Helvin. The great-grandfather's name was also 
 George. No record remains of the locality of the birth of the two 
 last named. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 135 
 
 Mr. Helvin's motlier, Harriet R. Perkins, who still resides 
 with him in Haverstraw, was the daughter of Lucy Clayton Per- 
 kins, and was born in Dinwiddie Co., Va., Aug. 13, 1818, her 
 mother, Lucy Clayton, having been born in the same county, Oct. 
 22, 1789. Mr. Helvin's great-grandmother was Ann Eobertson 
 Kirby, of Brunswick Co., Va. The brothers of Mr. John H. Hel- 
 vin are James F. and George W., and his sister is Lucy Ann. Mrs. 
 J. H. Helvin was Miss Martha L., daughter of Samuel P. Foster, 
 and took the hand of Mr. Helvin, March 15, 18Y1. The children 
 are Alfred Lee, Gracie P., Mamie, Nellie, Ernest, Leshe, and 
 Jas. Herbert. Prohibitionist and Methodist in earnest. 
 
 JAS. E. HAMMOND, 
 
 a contractor and mason, has a hberal education, is a good clerk, 
 and is succeeding in business. He resides in his own house near 
 West Shore, West Haverstraw. He is a brother of William K. 
 Hammond, and the son of Edmond J. Hammond and Rachel 
 Knapp. He married Phoebe, the daughter of Oscar Wood, Nov. 
 30,_ 1882. He is identified with the M. E. Church, being one of 
 its honored and faithful supporters. 
 
 DANIEL HAZARD, 
 
 a successful butcher of the place, was born in Orange Co., April 
 17, 1844, is the son of James Hazard and the brother of Benja- 
 min, William and James. His sisters are Mary W., Charlotte C, 
 Elenor, Martha and Sarah Jane. His wife, Augusta 1 1 ., whom 
 he married Aug. 30, 1865, was the daughter of Foster D. Birdsall 
 and Mary Ann Young. The sons of Mr. and Mrs. Hazard are 
 George B., deceased, and Frank Foster, who is in business with 
 his father. Republican, voted Prohibition ; brought up Quaker ; 
 attends M. E. Church. 
 
 ABRAHAM HUBD, 
 
 an experienced brick maker and foreman, was born Nov. 13, 1838, 
 and is the son of Wm. Hurd and the grandson of John Hurd. 
 His mother was Catharine Odell. His grandmother, Ruth Con- 
 ley, of Orange County. His brother and sisters are Wm. Hurd, 
 Adelia March and Catharine Wood. His wife's name was Ann, 
 
136 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 the daughter of John C. Miller. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. 
 flurd is dated Oct. 24, 1860 ; their children are Matthew, Wm. 
 J., David, Sarah and Carrie. Eepublican ; P. Methodist. 
 
 ADDISON JOHNSON, 
 
 deceased, was born in the town of Haverstraw, Jan. 20, 1841, and 
 married Adeha, the daughter of "Wm. Hurd, March 29, 1862. 
 His father was Charles and his grandfather James Johnson ; his 
 mother's maiden name was Fanny Adams ; his brothers are Har- 
 rison, Walter and Wesley ; the sisters, Louise and Abigail. Mr. 
 Johnson's children are Cassie, Agnes and Charles. Miss Agnes 
 married Samuel Blauvelt. The grandchildren are Lillian M. and 
 Edward Blauvelt. The politics of Mr. Johnson were Eepublican. 
 He was a member of the M. E. Church. 
 
 WM. J. JONES, 
 
 born in Hempstead, Eockland Co., N. Y., and is about 69 years 
 of age. His father was John B. and grandfather Benjamin Jones. 
 The mother of Mr. Jones was Gersiah Odell, of Canterbury, 
 Orange Co. ; the brothers are Alfred, Clinton, Benjamin ; the 
 sisters, Sally, Ann, Betsy, Emeline and Eebecea. He married 
 Abigail, daughter of Abraham Jones, July 5, 1847 ; the children 
 are Daniel, Wm. L., Benjamin, Susan, Eebecea, Emeline ; sons- 
 in-law, Wm. Yeomans, Ed. Hoyt. Democrat. 
 
 DANIEL KEESLEE 
 
 was born in Newark, N. J., July 25, 1839. His trade is that of 
 house, sign and ornamental painter, and keeps supplies for house 
 furnishing, hardware, etc. His mother's maiden name Mary E. 
 Guiler ; her birthplace was Amsterdam, Germany ; she is a wo- 
 man of rare intellect and business capacity. The sisters of Daniel 
 are Julia, Mary, Margaret and Elizabeth. Mr. Keesler was married 
 to Miss Eliza A., daughter of Nicholas Stalter, July 3d, 1860. The 
 children are H. Louisa, Lizzie, Edward D., Freddie and Harry. 
 Li politics Prohibitionist, and a Presbyterian. 
 
 KNAPP 
 
 is German. Albert Knapp, the German poet, was a native of 
 Wurtemburg, Germany. Chauncey L. Knapp, editor of the Ver- 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 137 
 
 mont State Journal, held many prominent positions of State. 
 Geo. Christian Knapp was a. German Theologian, and an author 
 of "Lectures on Theology." Jacob Knapp was a second Moody, 
 having, during 12 years, made 100,000 converts to reUgion. 
 
 John Knapp, son of Abraham Knapp, was the son of Lebius, 
 who was a native of Horseneck, Conn. Mr. Knapp was bom July 
 17, 1810. He followed the butcher business for 30 years. His 
 brothers are Samuel, Henry and Levi; the sisters are Rachel, 
 Elizabeth and Adelia. Mr. Knapp enjoys a comfortable income, 
 and is remarkably vigorous for a man of his age. 
 
 COL. EOBEET KNAPP 
 
 was a man of some note in Rockland. He died Feb. 19, 1859, 
 aged 65 years. His military career extended to a command of the 
 Regiment of Rockland County. At his funeral the Stony Point 
 Guards turned out in a body. His funeral sermon was preached 
 by Rev. F. S. WoK, pastor of the Creek Church. 
 
 JOHN p. LINKLETTEE, 
 
 a native of Stony Point, born Aug. 29, 1836 ; son of George J . 
 Linkletter, born at Haverstraw, Sept. 5, 1795, and Rachel Weiant, 
 also of Haverstraw, born April 11, 1799. His grandparents were 
 John Linkletter and Susan Yanhorne, both of Ramapo ; great- 
 grandfather probably Scotch ; his brothers names are William and 
 George, brothers to Catherine, Martha and Mary Elizabeth. He 
 married Emma Knowlton, daughter of James Knowlton, Jan. 12, 
 1858 ; his family consists of two sons, James K. and "William R. ; 
 he has one daughter-in-law, Cassie Hoyt, and one grandchild, 
 Pearl. He adhere to the Methodist Church, and is a Republican 
 Prohibitionist. 
 
 ISAAC N. LEMMON, 
 
 born at Mt. Pleasant, Ohio, July 24, 1851. Mr. Lemmon is a 
 farmer by profession, and has a family consisting of two children, 
 Mary Adelia and Catherine Estella. He married Rebecca A. 
 June, daughter of Ethiel June, in Sept., 1872. His ancestors 
 were — father, Moses Lemmon, born in Harrison Co., Ohio, 1818 ; 
 grandfather, Jacob Lemmon ; great-grandfather, Abraham Lem- 
 
138 
 
 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 HESJIJENCKS ON STONY POINT A^■ENUE, 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 139 
 
 mon ; mother, Mary Ann Allen, born in Harrison Co., Ohio ; 
 grandmother, Mary Marqnhart, born in Virginia in 1785. His 
 brothers' names are Allen B., "William, Ohas. S. and Edgar, with 
 one sister, Clara. Independent Eepublican in politics. 
 
 JOHN T. LEACH, 
 
 of "Wellingham, Cambridgeshire, England, a skillful mechanic and 
 Woodworker in the extensive machine manufactory of A. M. & 
 W. H. Wiles, was born Nov. 5th, 1832. His father was Eichard 
 Leach, of the same place, and his mother's name was Euth Fen, 
 also of "Wellingham. The brothers of Mr. Leach are Charles and 
 Elijah ; the sisters, Eliza, Lizzie and Anna. July 2, 1860, he married 
 Martha, the daughter of James Miller. His children are Charles 
 E. L., Martha E., George A., Frederick J., Frank, Maggie and 
 Sarah. Martha E. married Charles Convoy. Politics, Eepubli- 
 cau ; church, Presbyterian. 
 
 JEEEMIAH MBEEITT 
 
 was bom at Monroe, Orange Co., 1^. Y., June 25th, 1836. He is 
 a blacksmith and an anthracite fumaceman. His father's name 
 was Abraham ; his grandfather's name was Jeremiah ; his great- 
 riaicather's name was Abraham; his mother was EHzabeth 
 Conklin, daughter of Elizabeth Odell, of Orange Co., N. Y. ; his 
 brothers are Abram, Peter D., Wilham, Samuel and Charles ; 
 sisters, Caroline, Sarah and Alice, two of whom are deceased. He 
 married Lucy Ann, daughter of Isaac Coe, July 3rd, 1857 ; his 
 children are Sarah J., Mary M., Martha A., Fra'ncis D., Emma 
 v., Libbie, Annie A., Wm. H. ; sons-in-law, "Wm. A. Dare, Jas. 
 Hillard, "Wm. Quelch, Joseph "Washburn, Daniel Barton, and 
 William Allen, deceased. 
 
 ABEM. D. MAEKS, 
 
 born Westchester Co., March 19, 1822 ; painter ; son of Moses I. 
 Marks, of Sing Sing, 1792; his mother's name was Eebecca 
 Clark, who was born in Delaware, 1794. He married Jane Y., 
 daughter of Benj. Colter, April, 1841, and has children, viz., 
 Anna, Eichard and Adaline ; sons-in-law, Joseph F. Umpleby and 
 Geo. W. Farmer. Politics, Eepublican; church, Presbyterian 
 
140 
 
 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Enlisted in late war, Aug. 29, 1861. In battles on Potomac, Han- 
 cock, Bolivier Heights, Charleston, Slaughter Mountain, on the 
 Eapahannock ; in Libby and Belle Island Prisons 37 days ; with the 
 writer in Chancellorville, May 1, 2, and 3, where he lay wounded 
 on the field 12 days ; in hospital 11 months ; discharged, April 3, 
 1864 ; Sept., 1877, had a ball taken from his side, having carried 
 it, under much suffering, for 14 years. He is worthily pensioned. 
 
 BESIDENCE OF MK. K. B. MAKKS. 
 
 E. B. 
 
 MAEKS 
 
 was born July 12, 1830 ; he is the son of Alfred Marks, who was 
 born at Peekskill ; the grandfather of R. B. was Michael, of Lon- 
 don, Eng.; the mother of Mr. Marks was Mary Brewster, a native 
 of Stony Point, and descended from one of the first families of the 
 Revolutionary days ; a grandmother's maiden name was Johaveth 
 Isaacs, of Connecticut. Mr. Marks married Miss Catherine 
 Marks, the daughter of Sampson Marks, Nov. 12, 1851; the 
 children are Charles and George, who are in business here, and 
 
BlOGEArMlCAL fSKKTClTEg. 141 
 
 Annie J., the wife of Sidney Witkowsky, resident and in mer- 
 cantile business, Chicago, 111. Mr. George married Estelle Lent, 
 and Charles, Miss Johannah Ossman. The grandchild is Annie 
 J. Mr. Marks has done valuable services as overseer of the poor 
 and commissioner in the county. 
 
 WALTER M. MO BRIDE, 
 
 son of Walter McBride, was born in E^ew York city, March 21, 
 1824; his grandparents were from Virginia ; brothers, Andrew 
 Jackson McBride and George Washington McBride ; he married 
 Amelia, daughter of David Johnson, in 1847 ; the children's 
 names are Elizabeth, Susan and Walter ; son-in-law, George M. 
 Raymond. M. E. Church, and is a Prohibitionist. 
 
 WM. I. OWENS, 
 
 born at Newburg, June 18, 1828, and is the son of Jonathan 
 Owens, who was born June 28, 1786, and grandson of James. 
 Mr. Owens' mother was Elizabeth, the daughter of Keriah Innis, 
 of Scotland, and born Oct. 12, 1766. The brothers were Keuben 
 H. and Jas. H. ; the sisters, Elizabeth, Catherine H., Sarah L. 
 and Keriza A. Mr. Owens and Miss Rachel A. Phillips, the 
 daughter of James E. Phillips, were joined in marriage Aug. 4, 
 1849 ; the names of their children are George S., Susana E., 
 Alsi M. and Justien A. The only survivor is Alsi, who married 
 Miss Annie Babcock ; the names of the grandchildren are John 
 M. and Lucretia. Politics, Temperance ; church, M. E. 
 
 JOHN W. PHILLIPS, SE., 
 
 bom April 19, 1831, a boatman by trade, is the son of George 
 Phillips and grandson of Daniel P. PhilKps and J. L. Knapp, 
 and great-grandson of Daniel Phillips. His mother's name was 
 Knapp, and grandmother's Hannah Osborn ; he married Sarah, 
 daughter of Wm. Hill, N'ov. 11th, 1852 ; the children are Daniel, 
 Hannah, Alonzo and John W. ; son-in-law, John W. Webber ; 
 grandchildren, Arthur, Harry and Albert. Politics, a Jackson 
 Democrat ; Protestant. 
 
 JOHN W. PHILLIPS, JR., 
 
 a salesman, son of J. W. Phillips and Sarah Hill, and brother to 
 Daniel and Alonzo, and Hannah. Politics, neutral ; Protestant, 
 
14S S'totit i^oiifT iLltts'TeATISD. 
 
 WM. PHILLIPS, 
 
 born Haverstraw, 1819, butcher, the son of Jas. E., grandson of 
 Eli, and great-grandson of John, of Holland; his mother was 
 Susanna Burd, his grandmother Eachel Halsted ; the brothers 
 were Charles, John and Thomas ; sisters, Esther, Hannah, Ann 
 Elizabeth, Eachel. His first wife was Maria, daughter of Henry 
 Essex ; the second wife, Lizzie Blauvelt. Children by first wife, 
 James, Henry, Mary Ann, Ellen Maria, Selina, George ; son-in- 
 law, Jacob Engle, whose son, Willie, is the only grandson of Mr. 
 Philhps. Prohibition (Rep.) ; adheres to M. E. Church. 
 
 EOSE 
 
 is from Dutch Eozee, the favorite name of a female. The French 
 word Kozet is pronounced ro-ze'. 
 
 ALAX. EOSB, 
 
 the son of Alax. Kose and Nancy Springsteed, is a member of the 
 firm of Eeilly & Rose, who are successful brick manufacturers. 
 He is a grandson of Jacob Rose, and his great-grandfather was of 
 Revolutionary notoriety ; his mother is the faithful keeper of the 
 Lighthouse, and has been so for 34 years ; he is a descendant of 
 the Parkerson and Storms families ; his sisters are Lavinia and 
 Melinda. Republican ; Presbyterian. 
 
 WM. A. EOSE, 
 
 son of Elester Rose, was born Dec. 10th, 1860, and is the grand- 
 son of Moses Marks ; his mother's maiden name was Frances M. 
 Marks. Sept. 5th, 1885, Mr. Rose was married to Miss Maggie, 
 the daughter of Nelson Cropman ; the name of their child is Helen. 
 Mr. Rose's brothers and sisters are Oscar E., Edwin O., Louis A., 
 Robt. F., Lottie R., and Edith A. Prohibitionist ; M. E. Church. 
 
 THOMAS EEILLT, 
 
 born in Ireland in 1843, is the son of James Reilly, who was born 
 in the same country in 1T91 ; his mother's maiden name was Mary 
 Fitzsimmons, born 1806 ; Phillip, Michael, James, Patrick, JuUa 
 and Bridget are his brothers and sisters. Mr. Reilly is in the pro- 
 fitable business of brick making, and forms a part of the firm of 
 Reilly & Clark. Democrat ; Rom. Catholic. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 143 
 
 WM. ROSE, 
 
 brother of James H. Rose, the husband of Catherine E. Linklet- 
 ter, who was the daughter of George J. Linkletter. The marriage 
 of Mr. Eose occurred April 13, 18-17 ; the children are Ada M. 
 "Wanamaker, Laura Ferguson, Arnold B., and Wm. "W. Eose ; 
 the son-in-law is John Ferguson, children are Willie and Johnnie. 
 Church, M. E. 
 
 KEV. OLIVER RYDER, 
 
 born in Orange County, July 18, 1828 ; received local preacher's 
 license, 1857 ; connected with Tompkin's Cove Protestant Metho- 
 dist Church. He is son of William Eyder, whose father was 
 Jacob, and grandfather's name was Linous ; Mr. Eyder's mother's 
 name was Frances J. Clark, of same county, and she was the 
 daughter of Halherin Potter ; the brothers were Jacob, Clark, 
 William ; the sisters, Sarah, Jane, Martha His wife was Mary 
 daughter of Charles Yan Wart; the children are William, Eg- 
 bert, Oliver, Cecilia, Laura ; son-in-law, T. F. Macmannas ; daugh- 
 ters-in-law, Josephine and Ida S. ; the grandchildren are Lillie, 
 Lulu, George, Edith, Oscar, Oliver B. Prohibitionist. 
 
 ALONZO ROSE, 
 
 a native, but now residing at Duchess Junction, was born 1840, and 
 is the son of J. H Eose and Eebecca Knapp. The names of his 
 grandfathers are Henry Eose and Abel Knapp; Mrs. Abbey Phillips 
 was his grandmother. His only brother is Newman ; the sisters 
 are Almira Fales, Abby, wife of Capt. J as. Leet, and Mary. Mr. 
 Rose married Miss Emma J. Wilkins, Nov. 22, 1865 ; the children 
 born to them are Irving J. and Alonzo K. He is a success- 
 ful brick manufacturer. The citizens of Stony Point reluc- 
 tantly parted with the family when they removed to Dutchess 
 Junction. Prohibitionist ; Methodist. 
 
 JAMES ROSE, 
 
 born July 4, 1855, is the son of AKred Eose, who was the son of 
 Henry ; his mother's maiden name was Eachel Jones ; the grand- 
 mother of Mr. Eose was Mary Dykins ; the only brother of James 
 is Alfred ; the sisters are Anna, Carrie and Minnie. He married 
 
144 STONY POtNT tLLUSTRATEfi. 
 
 Miss Dora Bulson, the daughter of Alax. J. Bulson ; the wedding 
 day was July 4, 18T8 ; the children are Martha, Alfred, Eva K., 
 deceased. Politics, neutral ; church, M. E. 
 
 NELSON EOSE, 
 
 a native of this town, was born in the year 1846 — Oct. 27. He 
 is a captain of a schooner, having earned the reputation of a good 
 boatman. He is the son of Henry H. Kose, who was born in 
 1807 ; the grandfather was also Henry H., and was the descendant 
 of Jacob Eose, the Revolutionary patriot boy. The maiden name 
 of his mother was Catherine Jones, whose birthday dates back to 
 1819. Mr. N. Eose and wife, Jane Stalter, were married Feb. 2, 
 1870 ; the children bom to them are Marvin and ^Elbert Eose. 
 Prohibitionist, and belongs to the M. E. Church. 
 
 WM. H. EOSE, 
 
 born at Stony Point, N. Y. ; son of "William Eose and Eachel 
 "Walton. He was at first engaged in the brick industry of our 
 town, and later on abandoned it and became a carriage maker in 
 the metropolis. He has had charge of the Presbyterian Sabbath 
 School aboat fifteen years, having been absent but one Sabbath, 
 except when kept away by sickness. About five hundred scholars 
 have been connected with the school, and of this number about 
 ninety per cent, are or have been connected in the churches of 
 this or other places. His brothers are Edward, Samuel P., Hi- 
 ram, Walton and Thomas ; sisters, Catherine, Caroline, Phoebe and 
 Elmira ; wife, Hannah Eebeeca Bourse. His family consists of 
 three children, Miriam, Martha and Sarah Elizabeth. Sons-in- 
 law, Eev. Julius L. Danner and Minott M. Grovan ; grandchildren, 
 Edgar "Wm., Henry Eose, and Julius L. Danner, Jr., Edith, 
 Louise and Jennie Govan. Belongs to the Presbyterian Church, 
 and is a Eepublican. 
 
 WALTEE T. SEAEING, 
 
 a successful merchant, is the son of Warren Searing, a native of 
 Newark, JS". J., who was born there July 1st, 1810, being the son 
 of James Searing, of Lyons Farm, N. J. Walter was born at 
 Tompkin's Cove, his residence, July 13, 1846. His mother's 
 
BtOGEAPtttCAt SKETCHES. 145 
 
 name before marriage was Mary Machette, also of Newark, and 
 bom Nov. 1st, 1818. The name of one of his grandmother's was 
 Elizabeth Dunham, of Westfield, N. J. Mr. Searing has one 
 brother, Edwin, his sisters being Cornelia, Mary, Laura, Cassie, 
 Cecilia, Anna. First wife was Mintie Kirby, daughter of Daniel 
 Kirby. The marriage to Miss Kirby occurred Sept. 10th, 1868. 
 Second wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Kev. Wm. W. McNair, 
 the wedding day having been May 10, 1876. The last wife has 
 also died recently. The children of Mr. Searing are Esther, 
 Mary, Louise, Mintie and Earnest. Eep. ; M. P. Church. 
 
 NICHOLAS STALTEE, 
 
 an experienced brick burner, is the son of Nicholas Stalter, who 
 was a native of Nova Scotia. His mother was Kachel Baisley, 
 the daughter of Wm. Baisley. The brother of Mr. Stalter is 
 Brewster ; his sister's name is Catherine. The present wife, whom 
 he married Feb. 3, 1864, is the daughter of Mr. Bulson. The 
 children by his first wife are Eliza, the wife of D. Keesler ; Theo- 
 dore, Amelia, Brewster, Jane, the wife of Nelson Rose ; K. B., 
 the storekeeper, and Elbert. An only son of the last wife is 
 Fred. There are three sons-in-law, five daughters-in-law, and 21 
 grand children. In politics. Democrat ; church adherent, Metho- 
 dist Episcopal. 
 
 EICHAED B. STALTEE, 
 
 native of Stony Point, born Jan. 12, 1852. Mr. Stalters' parents 
 were Nicholas, son of Nicholas Stalter and Hannah Brewster, 
 both of Stony Point, N. Y. His brothers' names are Theodore 
 Brewster, Elbert and Freddie ; sisters, Eliza A., Margaret, Jane 
 and Amelia. He took the hand of Abbi^, daughter of William 
 Cosgrove, in marriage April 29, 1872 ; their four children are 
 Maud, Hattie, Walter and Jennie. Mr. Staltar is a merchant of 
 our village, and a Democrat in politics ; and a Presbyterian. 
 
 JOHN TEN EYCK 
 
 resides on Stony Point, overlooking King's Ferry He was born 
 Jan. 22, 1814, and was the son of David Ten Eyck. His mother's 
 maiden name was Elizabeth Babcock. One of his grandmothers 
 
146 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 was an Allison. His brothers are Thomas and James; sister, 
 Harriet Gains. He married Sept. 24, 1846, Hannah W , the 
 daughter of Lewis Constant. Mr. Ten Eyck has had the advan- 
 tage of travel and extensive observation. Has a good memory ; 
 is a son of one of the early settlers. .A. Eepublican ; Protestant. 
 
 LAUEITZ TERMANSEN, 
 
 born in Denmark, July 12, 1847. He is an extensive house decor- 
 ator, doing business in New York city. His father's name is 
 Lauritzen, the grandfather and great-grandfather bearing the same 
 name. Mr. Termansen's mother was Amy Larsen, the daughter 
 of Karen Neilsen, the daughter of Amy Mortensen. The brother 
 and sister of Mr. Termansen are Peter and Karen Termansen, all 
 of Denmark. Mrs. Leine Termansen is the daughter of Conrad 
 Young, deceased, their marriage having taken place April 20, 18T8. 
 The child's name is Clare Adeline. In politics. Independent; 
 Presbyterian Church. 
 
 WATSON TOMKINS 
 
 is a native of Newark, N. J.; born May 5th, 1829. He is the son 
 of Daniel Tomkins, and considered one of the representative busi- 
 ness men of our town. His father first settled at Tompkin's 
 Cove, and it was here that Watson began his business career. A 
 few years later he engaged in the manufacture of brick, and is 
 now the possessor of valuable clay beds along the beach. It was 
 through his influence and zeal for the welfare of the public that 
 our beautiful "West Shore Station was built. He gives employ- 
 ment to a large number of men, and is a man of generous impulses. 
 
 HON. WESLEY J. WEIANT, 
 
 deceased, was born in 1811, and was of French and German ex- 
 traction. He was the son of George Weiant and Catherine Wal- 
 dron, his father having died in the year 1855. In 1836 he mar- 
 ried Miss Catherine Rose, daughter of Jacob, the son of the Ee- 
 volutionary Jacob Rose, a sketch of whose experience we have 
 preserved. Mr. Weiant was intimately acquainted with the af- 
 fairs of the public, and served as supervisor in 1857 and was 
 elected to the Legislature of New York in 1859, where he served 
 
on important committees and made an address which produced a 
 profound impression. He was a man of more than ordinary legal 
 mind, and was an able man in address in the various services in 
 the M. E. Church, to which he was zealously attached for many 
 years. He died during the summer of 1886 from an accident of 
 falling from a tree. His fine property, now occupied by the 
 widow, is offered for sale. An engraving of it appears in one of 
 our groups. 
 
 sam'l p. wood, 
 
 a carpenter, the son of Jacob "Wood of Westchester Co., was bom 
 in this town. His mother's name was Mary Peterson, also of 
 Westchester. One of the grandparents was Francis Walker, who 
 was born in Grantham, England, in 1789. The brothers of Mr. 
 Wood are Benj. E., Wm. E., Geo. A. ; the sisters are Sarah F. 
 Lucinda and Mary E. Prohibition and Methodist. 
 
 E. B. WEIA.NT, 
 
 painter, bom Sept. 29, 1843. Jan. 29, 1867, he was married to 
 Miss Maggie L. Stephens, the daughter of Stephen Stephens, an 
 Englishman. The hving children of Mr. Weiant are Elizabeth, 
 Eva L., "Violetta and Gerald Edward. Mr. Weiant served in the 
 late war ; received injuries, from which he has suflEered, and on 
 which account he is now a pensioner. He is in active relation 
 with the M. E. Church, and Sunday School superintendent. Ke- 
 pubHcan and Prohibition. 
 
 SPBNCEE J. WEIANT, 
 
 born Dec. 6, 1864, is the son of Spencer J. and grandson of 
 Abrm. Weiant, and great-grandson of Geo. Weiant. His mother's 
 name was Annie E. Van Pelt ; his grandmother and great-grand- 
 mother were Clarisa Weiant and Mary Hazard, both of Orange 
 Co. His brothers are Alfred and Prank. Mr. Weiant is a suc- 
 cessful railroad clerk in the employ of the great West Shore. 
 
 GEO. L. WICKS, 
 
 an enterprising boat builder at Grassy Point, is the son of Geo. 
 L. Wicks and Clarsie Thing, all of Long Island. Mr. Wicks was 
 
148 
 
 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 GEASSY POINT, LOOKING WEST. 
 
 born Feb. 16, 1846. His grandfatber was Robt. L. and great- 
 grandfather Lewis Wicks. They were English. The brothers of 
 Mr. Wicks are Thomas W. and Wm. Wicks ; the sisters, Mary 
 and Alice. His second marriage was Jan. 2, 1873, to Henrietta 
 L., the daughter of John Mahan. The surviving children are 
 Lncy, Ella and Geo. L. Wicks. Independent ; a member of the 
 M. E. Church. 
 
 ALFRED M. WILES, 
 
 born in London, England, Jan. 13, 1829. His father was John J. 
 Wiles, and his mother Ann M. Kames ; she was bom February 3, 
 1T96. The brothers and sisters are Joseph K., Wm. H., Freder- 
 ick J., Elizabeth, Emma S. and Harriet. Mr. Wiles married Miss 
 Catherine, the daughter of Jacob Blauvelt, Nov. 26, 1853. The 
 children are Khoda A., Edwin L. and Maggie. Mr. Wiles is 
 popularly known as the head of the firm known as A. M. & W. 
 H. Wiles. Their manufactory is without a peer in their line. A 
 Democrat. 
 
 W. H. WILES, 
 
 of the firm of A. M. & W. H. Wiles, is a brother of Alfred M., 
 whose birth and ancestry will explain his. Mr. Wiles is a genius 
 and well read, as is his brother Alfred. In the year 1850, Aug. 11, 
 Wm. Wiles married Mary E., the daughter of Jacob Fredrick. 
 
SELF-MADE MEN. 149 
 
 The children are John J., Fredrick J , Mary S., Francis E , Lydia 
 A., Martha L , Emma L. and Fannie J. The sons-in-law are the 
 Hon. Alonzo Wheeler and David R. Wadsworth ; daughters-in- 
 law, M. Clara Hazard, Kate M. Brooks, Mary B Rose ; the grand- 
 children are Jeanie S., Jessie L , Ethel M., Jay B. and Florence 
 A. Democrat; Presbyterian. 
 
 CHAS. J. WILES, 
 
 born April 8, 1846, at Balmville, near Newburgli ; by profession 
 a pattern maker, employed at Wiles. He is the son of Jos. K. 
 Wiles and Elizabeth Thomas. His father is English ; bis mother 
 a native of Orange Co. The grandfather was John J. Wiles. 
 His sisters are Eliza J., Mary E., Ella and Hattie. His marriage 
 to Miss Adelia B., daughter of W. F. B. Gurnee, occurred Oct. 
 10, 18T3. The children are Joseph K., Ella B. and Susie D. 
 Republican ; adlieres to Pres. Church. (See cut of house.) 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 SELF-MADE MEN. 
 J. J. SMITH, M. A., D. D., 
 
 ^ASTOR of the Tompkin's Cove Methodist Protestant 
 Church, is spending a fourth term of pastorate with bis 
 present church, making in all eleven years. 
 
 Mr. Smith is a man of literary attainments, and has written 
 extensively on travel and science. He was elected, without his 
 knowledge, a member of " The American Institute of Christian 
 Philosophy," in New York. The high honor of his election was 
 on account of bis writings, which appeared from time to time in 
 the Scientific Arena. 
 
 More recently be was officially notified of his having been 
 
150 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 elected, for the same reason, to a FellowsHp in the Society of 
 Science, Letters and Art of London. 
 
 He was born in Atlantic Co., IST. J., Feb. 3d, 1817. Con- 
 verted Sept. 10, 1832, and joined his present denomination. He 
 was licensed May 9th, 1835, and joined the Itineracy in 1836. 
 Has been a member of his Conference 48 years, and its president 
 altogether over 9 years. He represented his Conference in Gen- 
 eral Conference and Conventions 12 different times. He appeared 
 among the fraternal delegates in the General Conference of the 
 Methodist Episcopal Church in Cincinnatti, 1880. He has been 
 an honored Trustee of Adrian College since 1866. In 1884 the 
 Doctor was elected to a Professorship in Florida University, but 
 preferred the regular ministry. 
 
 WILLIAM GOV AN, A. M., M. D., 
 
 was bom at Barnet, in Yermont, August 12th, 1818, His father, 
 Andrew, son of "William Govan, was a native of Scotland, and 
 came to America about 1815. His mother was Jane, the daugh- 
 ter of Robert Stark. His early years were spent in striving for 
 an education. A graduate of Dartmouth College in 1839, he 
 afterwards received the degree of M. D. from the New York Med- 
 ical College in J 854, and soon after came to Stony Point, the 
 chosen field of his life-work. He has held many worthy offices 
 in both town and county, and is a member of several Medical 
 Societies. He is at present a member of the Kockland County His- 
 torical Association and President of the Board of Education here. 
 He married Lucia J. Mitchell, the daughter of Chaucey R. Mit- 
 chell, late of Peekskill, N. Y. Their children have been two 
 sons and a daughter. 
 
 WM. K. HAMMOND, 
 
 the subject of this sketch, was born in the town of Haverstraw. 
 His father, Edmund J., who was bom in 1822 at Croton, West- 
 chester Co., and died when "William K. was young. At 10 years 
 of age young "William engaged to work for a farmer. The fol- 
 lowing season he followed boating, and worked on the brick yard 
 one year later. Seeing the business qualities in the boy, his nncle, 
 
SELF-MADE MEN. 151 
 
 Wm. E. Knapp, took him into his store at Knight's Corner. By 
 the recommendation of "Wm. R. Knapp, Mr. Hammond received 
 a situation with the firm of Hoagland & Bell, No. 330 West 
 Street, New York, where he remained six years, and having re- 
 ceived their confidence, was promoted to a managing clerkship of 
 the firm. He was then sent for by the firm of Candee, Smith & 
 Co., which was at that time the largest mercantile firm in the build- 
 ing material business in New York city. With this company he 
 remained two years. 
 
 In 1873 Mr. Hammond married Miss Elizabeth C. Taylor, 
 the daughter of Wm. Taylor and Elizabeth Craig, of New York 
 city. 
 
 Wm. R. Knapp, having established in New York city a large 
 agency for the sale of brick, employed Mr. Hammond, with 
 the express understanding that he should become a partner in the 
 business at the end of the year. Before the close of the year Mr. 
 Knapp died, and the aspiring young man returned home with sad 
 prospects ; but Mr. Knapp's partners continuing the business, re- 
 tained Mr. Hammond. But, through improper methods of busi- 
 ness, the firm came to ruin in less than eighteen ^months, when, 
 the consignees of the goods, knowing the business qualities and 
 integrity of the clerk, arranged at once with him, and Mr. Ham- 
 mond began business for himself in 1875, in which he has con- 
 tinued until the present. 
 
 The secret of his success is that in early childhood he obeyed 
 his mother, who faithfully taught him the value of economizing 
 every hour in the attainment of a preparation for business. He, 
 during the period of his clerkship in New York, attended an even, 
 ing high school, where he took up mathematics, bookkeeping and 
 Latin. Mr. Hammond is a great reader. In 1878 Judge Shand- 
 ley, and others connected with Tammany Hall, desired him to ac- 
 cept the nomination for Senator of his district in New York city. 
 Although nomination was sure to be an election, he had his 
 own reasons for declining. In his own native town he was elected 
 supervisor, being re-elected without opposition the second time. 
 
 Mr. Hammond is greatly interested in the moral and mental 
 
152 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 improvement of the young people, and in 1886 organized a Ly. 
 ceum in St. George's Churcli, with the following by-laws : " The 
 objects of this association are to improve and cultivate the Sunday 
 School of the St. George's M. E. Church of Stony Point, K T. ; 
 to foster acquaintances and promote friendships ; to ref orai abuses 
 of criticism, or gossip ; to acquire, preserve and disseminate valu- 
 able information pertaining to Sunday schools, literary societies 
 and such further matter as will tend to the improvement of the 
 minds of the youth of this community." 
 
 HON. SAMUEL HAEEISON EVERETT. 
 
 Among the men of note of the present day who have sprung 
 from sturdy Putnam County stock, none has carved out for him- 
 self a more noble record than the gentleman described in these 
 pages. Mr. Everett was born in the town of Carmel, April 3rd, 
 1836. When he started in life on his own account, his capital 
 consisted of correct habits, untiring industry, a will that scorned 
 reverses, and the sum of thirteen cents. He made fortune after 
 fortune during his lifetime, and lost them through no fault of his 
 own ; but this did not dampen his spirits, and to-day he is a large real 
 estate owner and derives a heavy income from his business. His 
 ancestors, who came from Scotland about the middle of the seven- 
 teenth century, were among the early settlers in America. They 
 landed on Long Island in the year 1Y46, and soon after some of 
 the family effected a permanent settlement in Carmel, Putnam 
 County. Before the Kevolutionary War, Isaac Everett, a mason 
 by trade, was engaged in building blast furnaces. The record in 
 Putnam County shows that his ancestors had early become large 
 real estate owners in a district that was constantly improving. 
 Abraham Everett had five sons, Charles, Amos, Samuel, Leonard 
 and Abraham. The family were the pioneers in the Western 
 cattle trade, and drove their fatted steers to market long before 
 railroads were built. Charles was the eldest son and the father of 
 Samuel H. Soon after young Samuel was born, he moved to the 
 south-east and purchased 105 acres of land, which he continued to 
 add to until he acquired an extensive territory. He had four sons, 
 
sp:lf-made men. 153 
 
 Oscar, Samuel Harrison, Charles Edwin, Francis Henry, and seven 
 daughters. At a very young age Samuel showed great ambition, 
 and at eleven years was able to cope with the workmen on his 
 father's farm. He went to the district school in winter and worked 
 on the farm in summer, and at the age of eighteen entered Ray- 
 mond College, where he pursued a course of two years study, under 
 the presidency of Rev. H. G. Livingston. Severe studying in- 
 jured his health, and he returned home to the farm, where he 
 quickly recuperated. Yearning for a wider field of action, he 
 turned his face to the Metropolis. When he left the home- 
 stead, his mother tenderly embracing him, said, " God speed you, 
 Samuel." He had $36 in money when he left, but when he came 
 to face life in New York, he had nothing but the capital men- 
 tioned at the opening of this sketch. His heart never failed him, 
 and soon he was master of a rich bank account. Disaster over- 
 took him in the inclement weather of 1862, and his business was 
 literally ruined. The stroke fell with severer force, for he had 
 then become a husband and father. His wife was Margaret, 
 daughter of James Percival, and their eldest daughter was Ida 
 Bell Everett. He accepted an engagement as hotel clerk for 
 himself and family, and four years later his second daughter, 
 Evelyn Percival Everett, was born. Both of these daughters are 
 graduates of Drew Seminary at Carmel. 
 
 He sustained a severe blow on March 12th, 1870, in the loss 
 of his affectionate wife. Her father proved his benefactor, and 
 loaned him $6,000, with which he purchased the old People's 
 Hotel at 106 Yesey Street. He speedily transformed it into a 
 first-class hotel, and finished the grand dining room in a style equal 
 to any in the city. The Everett Hotel now occupies parts of nine 
 city lots, and extends from Yesey to Barclay Street. They were 
 purchased in fee simple for $450,000, and the chief ownership is 
 in Mr. Everett, who is conducting a hotel business second to none 
 in the city. 
 
 Mr. Everett is not selfish ; he lives to do good to others and 
 to better the world. He served for five years as a school trustee 
 for the Third Ward of this city, and resigned to take a seat in the 
 
154 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Assembly as the representative of his native county. His labors 
 in Albany in the Winter of 1881 for the protection of the Putnam 
 County lakes, and for procuring a plentiful supply of pure water 
 for New York, are too well known to require recapitulation here. 
 He took an active part in the defeat of Koscoe Conkling and 
 Thomas C. Piatt, who resigned their seats in the United States 
 Senate and sought to be again returned for their vindication. Al- 
 though a Republican, he persistently voted against them, and re- 
 mained in his seat fifty-six consecutive days for that purpose. He 
 declined the Republican nomination for a second term for the 
 Assembly, but, under the pressure brought to bear by his friends, 
 he accepted the nomination for State Senator for the Fourteenth 
 District. He made an unequaled run, being beaten by but 208 
 votes, his opponent being the Hon. Horner A. Nelson, a popular 
 and well-known Democrat. Recently, on account of a large busi- 
 ness, he has taken no active part in politics. 
 
 Mr. Everett is now president of the Board of Trustees of the 
 Rev. T. De Witt Talmage's Tabernacle. His gifts to the poor 
 and the church are munificent. 
 
 His present wife is the daughter of A. H. Todd, of Katonah, 
 N. Y., and is the mother of two sons, Samuel H., Jr., and Chas. 
 E. (2nd), and one daughter, Susan Mary. Mr. Everett is tall and 
 of wiry and athletic build, with dark, but benevolent features. 
 The record of his life is a chapter young men could study with 
 profit. 
 
 CALVIN TOMKINS 
 
 was born at Orange, N. J., Jan. 31, 1T93. His ancestors had emi- 
 grated from Connecticut to Newark, N. J., several generations 
 previous, and was part of that ultra-Puritanical colony which made 
 a last attempt to set up a Theocratic form of government in 
 America. 
 
 From Newark the colony spread gradually back to the Orange 
 Mountain, and at the base of this hill Enos Tomkins, born 1770, 
 the father of the subject of this sketch, lived and carried on the 
 business of tanning leather and manufacturing shoes. Hjs busi- 
 
SELF-MAHE MEN. 155 
 
 ness was extensive for that time, and liis factory gave employ- 
 ment to many people of the neighborhood. 
 
 Joseph Tomkins, his grandfather, the son of John Tomkins, 
 lived here also, and was remarkable for liberality in gifts and edu- 
 cation. Eis influence among the farmers was considerable. 
 
 Calvin was brought up to work on the farm, and learned his 
 father's trade. He became dissatisfied with this mode of life, and 
 at the age of 16 or 11 years he went to Newark with his pack on 
 his back, where he engaged himself to the managers of the "Bridge 
 Dock " Line of Packets, which phed between Newark and JSTew 
 York. For several years he continued boating on the Passaic and 
 Hudson Elvers. 
 
 During the war of 1812 he entered the service, and was sta. 
 tioned for some time at Sandy Hook. 
 
 After peace was declared, he returned to boating, and ran for 
 some time between Kichmond, Va., and New York city. During 
 one of these voyages he was shipwrecked ofE Sandy Hook, and 
 suffered temporary illness, brought on by exposure. 
 
 About this time (1819) he married Esther Tuers, daughter of 
 Cornelius Tuers, of Barbadoes Neck, as East Newark was then 
 called, and this event put an end to his deep water voyages, al- 
 though for some time he continued in command of one of the 
 Bridge Dock Packet boats. Domestic ties and business opportu- 
 nities soon conspired to keep him constantly at Newark. 
 
 The introduction of anthracite coal attracted his attention, 
 and he engaged himself in building up a business in the sale of 
 this article. 
 
 This led him to set up a kiln for burning lime on the pro- 
 perty of the Bridge Dock Co., utilizing the fine coal which at 
 that time was of little value. Both business ventures proved suc- 
 cessful. 
 
 The coal business increased rapidly, and his efforts to intro- 
 duce it were rewarded by special concessions from the Pennsyl- 
 vania Coal Co. The farmers from the surrounding country came 
 in for land lime, and his sales were increased. 
 
 He also added to his business the manufacture of plaster and 
 
156 STONY POINT ILLUSTEATED. 
 
 cement, and since it now assumed proportions too large for his 
 own immediate supervision, he associated several of his friends 
 with him and formed " The Newark Lime & Cement Manufac- 
 turing Co.," " The Tompkin's Cove Lime Co." and " The Albert 
 Manufacturing Co.," the last-named concern being located in New 
 Brunswick, Canada. 
 
 The accomplishment of these enterprises, briefly noticed, was 
 the work of many years, which Mr. Tomkins devoted to them. 
 
 After the death of Mrs. Tomkins, he married Mrs. Ehza 
 Parish. 
 
 About 18.58 he located in Tompkin's Cove, when the beauti- . 
 ful town sprang up about him, mainly through his extraordinary 
 efforts for its promotion. 
 
 His father, Enos, was born at Orange in lYTO, his grandfather 
 Joseph being a native of the same town. Remarkably, too, his 
 great-grandfather, John Tomkins, was also born here. His mo- 
 ther's maiden nanxe was Sarah Condit ; his grandmother's was 
 Desire Freman. 
 
 The brothers of Calvin Tomkins were Elias, David, Ambros, 
 Daniel and Enos ; sisters were Sarah, Lydia and Elmira. The 
 children of this Patriarch are Walter, Joseph, Cornelius, Sarah, 
 Jane, Phoebe and Laura ; his sons-in-law are J. G. Lindsley, H. 
 Lincoln, Jas. Hill and Geo. S. Wood. 
 
 His daughters-in-law are Augusta Baldwin, Augusta Macent 
 and Kate LefEerts. 
 
 The grandchildren were Laura, Gertrude, Dwight, Calvin, 
 Walter, William, Anna Amelia, Esther, Calvin Hill, Annie Linds- 
 ley, Katie Aldie. 
 
 Mr. Tomkins is a sturday Republican, a staunch Methodist 
 and an earnest Temperance worker. 
 
 He is a man of wide of wide reputation, of extensive posses- 
 sions, and, besides great liberality to his denomination in gifts and 
 endowments, he enjoys the love and confidence of a large circle 
 of friends, who will arise in the last day to call him blessed. 
 
 EBENEZEE MC KENZIE, 
 
 the grandfather of H. B. McKenzie, was one of the Revolutionary 
 
SELI'-MADE M-&l<t. 167 
 
 Fathers, having emigrated from the Highlands of Scotland about 
 the year 1Y60, landing on Nantucket Island, and from thence 
 came to Stony Point in 17T6. He served during the eight years of 
 the War, and was among the cantonment discharged at Newburg, 
 June 10, 1783, his discharge bearing the signature of General 
 George Washington. The widow of the patriot McKenzie, re- 
 ceived $1400 pension in 1832. 
 
 In 1 796, Mr. McKenzie was commissioned captain of a com- 
 pany, as shown in the following commission, the original of which 
 Mr. H. B. McKenzie has in his possession, viz. : 
 
 " The People of the State of New York, By the Grace of 
 God, Free and Independent, to Ebenezer McKenzie, Greeting : 
 We, reposing especial tmst and confidence as well in your patriot 
 ism, conduct and loyalty, as in your valour and readiness to do us 
 good and faithful service, have appointed and constituted, and by 
 these Presents do appoint and constitute you, the said Ebenezer 
 McKenzie, Ensign of a Company in the Regiment of Militia in 
 the County of Orange, whereof Seth Marvin, Esq., is Lieutenant- 
 Colonel Commandant. You are, therefore, to take the said 
 Company into your charge and care as Ensign thereof, and 
 duly to exercise the officers and soldiers of that Company in 
 arms, who are hereby commanded to obey you as their Ensign, 
 and you are also to observe and follow such orders and directions 
 as you shall from time to time receive from our General and Com- 
 mander-in-Chief of the Mihtia of our said State, or any other your 
 superior officers, according to the rules and discipline of war ; in 
 pursuance of the trust reposed in you, and for so doing this shall 
 be your commission for and during our good pleasure, to be signi- 
 fied by our council of appointment. In testimony whereof, we 
 have caused our Seal for Military Commissions to be hereunto 
 affixed. Witness our trusty and well-beloved John Jay, Esquire, 
 Governor of the State of New York, General and Commander- 
 in-Chief of all the Militia, and Admiral of the Navy of the same, 
 by and with the counsel and consent of our said council of ap- 
 pointment at our said City of New York, the twenty-fourth day 
 of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred 
 
158 
 
 STONY POINT ILLtTSTEATED. 
 
 and ninety-six, and in the twentieth year of our Independence. 
 Passed the Secretary's office the fifth day of April, 1796. Lewis 
 A. Scott, Secretary. 
 
 " John Jay, Orange Co., ss. : 
 
 " This may certify that on the 25th day of June, 1796, 
 the within-named Ebenezejr McKenzie appeared before me and 
 took and subscribed the necessary Oaths prescribed by law, to 
 qualify him to the office within mentioned. 
 
 " Eeuben Hopkins, Clerk of Orange County." 
 
 DAVID M. TOEEEY. 
 
 The life of the subject of the following sketch is probably, in 
 some respects, the most remarkable of any in the memory of the 
 reader, so much so that we feel justified and fortunate in having 
 procured the facts for special use in our delineation of self-made 
 
SELF-MADE MEN. 159 
 
 men, hoping that the puhhcation of this brief onthne will be an 
 incentive to a determined application of the talent and time to 
 worthy pursuits of other young men. 
 
 Mr. David M. Torrey, our esteemed friend and successful 
 financier, has had a marvelous career. He was born in Oneida 
 County, N. Y., in 1847. Leaving the district school in 1865, he 
 went to Cazenovia Seminary in Madison County, where he re- 
 mained one year. In 1867 his uncle, David Manning, a banker 
 of Oswego, procured for him a position in the First National 
 Bank. Here, during three years, he obtained knowledge which 
 should be of help to him in all the after years of his business life. 
 Like many other aspiring young men, he went West in search of 
 a broader field of labor. There he engaged in banking with J. 
 D. Briggs, of "Warsaw, Mo. In 1870 he married Miss D. S. 
 Briggs, the banker's daughter. The West was at that time too 
 dull for the business genius and push of the young man, and he 
 turned his face to the Metropolis, with the hope of finding an 
 opening in his line of business. The great panic of 1875 was 
 just about closing. Ten thousand clerks stood ready to accept 
 positions of lowest pay. Mr. Torrey found himself in the great 
 city, almost unknown and without money. 
 
 At this time (1876) Mr. Moody was holding the famous hip- 
 podrome meetings, and as Mr. Torrey had nothing to engage his 
 time when not seeking for work, he was induced to accompany a 
 friend to the Revival meetings. The Word of God dropped like 
 a precious seed into the mind of the despondent man. And these 
 were the words the preacher used : " Take God at His Word for 
 salvation." Instantly it flashed upon his mind that if God could 
 be trusted for salvation spiritually, why not temporally. He said, 
 " This is what I want. I will trust the Heavenly Father. Every 
 other attempt at procuring help has failed me. I am in despair. 
 I can lose nothing by trying." He entered the inquiry room, and 
 found peace by believing. A great change came over his entire 
 plans. Day after day, by request of Mr. Moody, he employed his 
 time assisting in the meeting. He determined to seek first the 
 Kingdom of God, believing that every other blessing would come. 
 
160 STONY fOlNT II.LtJSTttATEB. 
 
 Assistance came ; but it was only loaned ; lie has since paid 
 it all back. It was his only ambition to please God. He con- 
 tinued daily in the meetings from February until April 15. Three 
 days after the meetings closed the light of business prosperity 
 broke suddenly upon his path. The Word of God was being ful- 
 filled to him. The beginning was feeble, but success crowned 
 every advancing step. He borrowed $85 from his father-in-law. 
 With this roll of greenbacks, satchel in hand, he went from place 
 to place and bought up fractional currency, which the Govern- 
 ment had now begun to redeem in new silver coin. A banker 
 by trade, he abode in the same calling wherein he was called. 
 " The business needed men of integrity." The profits were one 
 per cent., so the first day he made eighty-five cents. The second 
 day his receipts doubled. In a short time his btisiness required an 
 office. At first he hired simply a desk in an office, which was in a 
 third story in Wall Street, and afterwards in Ann Street. His 
 business increased, until his satchel had carried tons of trade dollars 
 and foreign silver. In 1885 he opened his present office, corner 
 of Ann and Nassau Streets, where, during the course of the year, 
 millions of money passes through his hands. 
 
 Mr. Torrey, with his wife and daughter, Daisy M., now occu- 
 pies a comfortable home in Brooklyn, and enjoys the confidence 
 of a widely increasing circle of financial and business men. His 
 business is recognized as of great commercial importance, and 
 facilitates the development of the industrial enterprises of the 
 country as scarcely no other business does, the exchange depart- 
 ment, the collection of mercantile paper, and the receipt of depo- 
 sits being indispensible in every city of any considerable size in 
 the country. In the range of business he buys and sells sovereigns, 
 J^apoleons, Spanish and Mexican doubloons, Canadian silver, etc. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 lei 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 These are specimens of the " clay dogs " referred to on page 
 81. The engravings are made from photographs taken by Geo. 
 O. Bedford, and are perfect pictures of the original formations in 
 the clay beds. 
 
 «i 
 
162 STONY POmT rr.LU8TKATKD. 
 
 BusiNKss Notes. 
 
 Household and "Wearing Appaeel. 
 
 W. T. PuEDT and Heman M. Puedy, under the finn name 
 of "W. T. Purdy & Son^ Main Street, Haverstraw, are dealers in 
 furniture of all kinds ; also carpets, oil-cloths and window shades. 
 An undertaking department is also connected with their establish- 
 ment, which is conducted first-class in every detail. "W. T. Purdy, 
 with 18 years' experience, will give personal attention in all cases. 
 Prices and satisfaction in both departments guaranteed. 
 
 1^" We buy our silk hats of Chaeles Gates, YO Barclay 
 and 229 Greenwich Streets, IST. Y. .^^^^I 
 
 J. S. CowAED, maker of wide, easy shoes; for everybody. 
 Prices within reach of all. 270 Greenwich St., N. Y. 
 
 Music and Aet. 
 It is a sufficient advertisement for the artistic and courteous 
 photographer, Geo. O. Bedfoed, of Haverstraw, to say that the 
 engravings (of this volume), made by the great Metropolitan 
 " Photo Engraving Company," 67 Park Place, are taken from the 
 plates made by Mr. Bedford. Many of them were taken on 
 severely cold days in December. The snow scenes are beautiful 
 pictures of nature. 
 
 The fae-famed Beadbuey Piano! — Testimonials are pub- 
 lished coming from the departments of the Executive Mansion, 
 the Bureau of the Navy, many of the leading hotels, seminaries 
 and churches, giving general praise of the superior instruments 
 
BttSlNESS NOTES. 
 
 163 
 
 made by F. G. Smith. His recently improved uprights are gems 
 of beauty and are unsurpassed for tone. His prices defy compe- 
 tition. Apply for catalogue. Address — F. G. Smith, cor. Eay- 
 mond and Willoughby Sts., Brooklyn, N. Y. — Rev. W. R. Kie- 
 f&r, Author. 
 
 The Allegee Organ is now one of the cheapest and best- 
 toned instruments in the market. It will pay any one about to 
 invest in an organ to call and see one of Mr. Alleger's at the 
 house of John W. Vanwort. For prices, which are in the reach 
 of everyone, call on the pubHsher of this History, or address 
 H. "W. AUeger, "Washington, N. J. 
 
 This cut represents the New 
 >l)),''©/), American Roller Organ, 
 !>"?£ which is the greatiest contri- 
 'jgm vance in the music of this 
 age. It plays any tune ar- 
 ranged for it. The rolls of 
 music are in cylinder shape, 
 and have only to be lifted 
 out when another tune is to 
 be inserted. It plays 260 
 The customer can select. They 
 
 
 3 
 
 tunes, sentimental and sacred 
 
 are all one price. Special agents wanted in every town. Price $6 
 
 Address— World Manuf. Co., 122 Nassau St., N. Y. 
 
 Lavalette Wilson, A. M., Civil Engineer and Sur- 
 veyor, has had over twenty years experience in Eockland County. 
 Surveys, measurements and estimates of all kinds made with ac- 
 curacy and despatch. Distant points at early hours by trains on 
 the West Shore and N. J. & IST. Y. Rail Roads.^^^ 
 
 Literature. 
 
 Harper & Bros, is the most popular, if not the largest pub- 
 lishing house in the city. Its pubUcations are known over the 
 
164 STONY POINT ILLrSTSATE!). 
 
 globe. Any work bearing the imprint of Harper & Bros, will 
 sell and be read. 
 
 J. Leach, stationer, printer and blank book manufacturing, 
 86 ]S"assau Street, New York. "Writing inks, letter, note, foolscap, 
 bill and legal cap ; all sizes of cash boxes ; standard American and 
 spring back diaries on hand all the year ; all kinds of Esterbrook's 
 dillott's. Perry's Spencerian, Washington medalion steel pens, ball 
 pointed, etc ; Leach's falcon and law pens. One price only. Es- 
 tablished 1856. 
 
 For cheap, new and desirable books call at the immense book 
 emporium of Phillips & Hunt, 805 Broadway. Just out, "Prin- 
 ciples of Church Government," by Perrine ; " Christianity in the 
 United States from the First Settlements down," by D. Dorches- 
 ter ; " The Life of Punshon," by McDonald Christopher ; and 
 " Other Stories," by Amelia E. Barr ; " Gold and Dross," by J. 
 W. Spear; "The Life of John Wesley," by Telford; "Proba- 
 tioner's Hand Book," " Days and Nights on the Sea ;" a superb 
 work entitled " The Modern Sunday School," by Dr. "Vincent. 
 
 Medical. 
 
 De. E. Maequez, of Bogota, U. S. of Colombia, South Amer- 
 ica, stands deservedly high in the profession and practice of den- 
 tistry, and during the time he has been established here in Haver- 
 straw, he has won a leading and prominent rank. Dr. Marquez 
 has commodious rooms, located on Main Street, formerly occupied 
 by Dr. Crawford, there being every convenience which modern 
 science has invented for the speedy and accurate performance of 
 all operations required. Gas is given to those whose constitutions 
 are strong enough to endure it, and as little pain is inflicted as 
 the nature of the case will allow. The doctor attends to all 
 branches of his profession, executing orders for false teeth, in the 
 manufacture of which he excels pre-eminently. > He has made and 
 placed in the patient's mouth full and entire sets of teeth, which 
 have all the beauty and usefulness of natural teeth. He is sym- 
 
BUSINESS NOTES. 165 
 
 pathizing in his nature, and shrinks from causing more pain than 
 is absolutely necessary. In every respect his establishment is de- 
 serving of the confidence of the public. — W. E. Kiefer. 
 
 The Linament used with such wonderful results since we have 
 introduced it in this place is now sold by J. B. Hastings, at Tom- 
 kins' Bros, store. Inquire for Townsend's "V. P. D." Linament. 
 The trial of a bottle is all the notice we need make of it. Its sale 
 is wonderfully increasing. — Pvhlisher of History. 
 
 ^^" An Important Notice ! To any one sufEering from par- 
 alysis, a disease for which the ordinary physician has no remedy, 
 the announcement of Mrs. Dr. E. C. Baihd's opening the " Cor- 
 nell Rest " will be hailed as a special providence in behalf of suf- 
 fering humanity. Spacious apartments will be added to the Bird- 
 sail House, at Cornwall Landing, where Mrs. Baird has made a 
 large purchase for her establishment and hospital. Her treatments 
 are oils, food and rest. No parent need fear to leave in the ten- 
 der care of Mrs. Baird an infant that is a paralytic or constitu- 
 tionally weak. Its recovery is almost a positive certainty. Ad- 
 dress — Mrs. Dr. E. C. Baird, Cornwall Landing, N. Y. 
 
 Financial. 
 
 Haverstraw People's Bank, whose charter dates from Feb. 19, 
 1887, has had a prosperity unparalleled in the history of the coun- 
 try. Its annual statement will be a genuine surprise to all who 
 were so fortunate as to get stock in this new and popular institu- 
 tion. For business purposes address U. F. Washburn, Presi- 
 dent, or H. C. Vee Valen, Cashier, Haverstraw, N. Y. 
 
 Real Estate. 
 
 Now for sale, at a great bargain, a house on 13th Street, 
 Brooklyn. House cost $4,500 ; will sell for $3,600. Apply to 
 BuKEiLL «fe Deivee, 5th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Agencies. 
 
 W. T. Weiant, agent for Cleveland Paper Co.'s flour sacks, 
 Delphu's Paper Co.'s XX straw, Peasley's Stone Ridge and grocers 
 
166 STONY POINT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 straw papers ; paper bags, Manila paper, butter dishes, flour sacks, 
 straw paper, tissue paper, toilet paper, tea paper, skewers, twines, 
 printing, stationery, etc. Address-pW. T. "Weiant, Haverstraw, 
 
 K y. 
 
 Refreshments. 
 
 Fuller's Broadway Restaurant, Haverstraw, N. Y. Ladies' 
 and gents' oyster and dining rooms. Oysters and clams by 100 
 or 1,000. Ice cream, wholesale and retail ; church fairs, festivi- 
 ties, excursions and the trade supplied at short notice. B. A. Ful- 
 ler. 
 
 Mrs. Minnie Linoh keeps confections and ice cream at Con- 
 ner's Corner. 
 
 Mr. Henry Hahnj the Broadway grocer, Haverstraw, will 
 take your order and deliver your goods twice a week and oftener. 
 His wagon makes regular trips, through Stony Point. Goods just 
 as cheap as they can be had in the store. Try him to satisfy your- 
 self. 
 
 A. Mayers, confectioner, wholesale and retail, complies with ' 
 New York prices. Churches, picnics, Sunday schools and social 
 gatherings supplied at short notice. Be sure to call before going 
 elsewhere. Broadway, Haverstraw, N. Y. 
 

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